1
LIBRARY
OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA.
Class
THE
PUBLICATIONS
OF THE
S U R T E E S SOCIETY.
VOL. CV1I.
T 1 1 E
PUBLICATIONS
SURTEES SOCIETY
ESTABLISHED IN THE V E A R
M.DCCC.XXXIV.
VOL. CVII.
FOR THE YEAR M.CM.II,
<v°
>l
DURHAM :
THOMAS CALPCLEl'GH, PRINTER.
RITES OF DURHAM
BRING
A DESCRIPTION
OR
B R I E E D E C L A R AT I O N
OF ALL THE
ANCIENT MONUMENTS, RITES, & CUSTOMS
BELONGING OR BEING WITHIN THE
MONASTICAL CHURCH OF DURHAM
BEFORE THE SUPPRESSION.
WRITTEN 1593.
{Jublishrb for the -Society
BV ANDREWS & CO., DURHAM ;
WHITTAKER & CO., 2, WHITE HART STREET, PATERNOSTER
SQUARE ;
BERNARD QUARITCH, 15, PICCADILLY ;
BLACKWOOD & SONS, EDINBURGH.
1903.
At a Meeting- of the Surtees Society, held in
Durham Castle, on Tuesday, June 3rd, 1902, the Dean
of Durham in the chair,
It was resolved,
That the Rites of Durham, now being edited by the
Rev. Canon Fowler, be the second volume for the
present year.
C O N T KNTS
Preface ...
Text of Rites of Durham
Description of Windows
Pilgrimage and Letter of Henry VI
Inscriptions under Figures OF Monks
,, under Figures of Kings and Bishops
llberatura spf.cialis
Indulgences
Notes on Prebf.ndal Houses
Mickleton's Additions to Davies
.Votes in a Copy of Hunter's edition of 1733
Inventory of Altar of St. John Baptist and St.
Margaret
Extracts from a Durham Missal...
List of Works quoted in the Notes
Notes on the Text
Nous on the Appendix
Note on the Sunday Procession
List of books MENTIONED IN the Text
Three Plans, and notes thereon.
Index and Glossary.
PAGE,
ix — xxi
1 — 108
109 — 122
122, 123
1 24 — 1 36
'37— '43
144— '47
148 — 158
159, 160
161 — 168
l6q, 170
172—191
192
193 — 288
^89— 301
302, 303
304
PRE FAC E.*
In preparing the following pages for the press, seven
Manuscripts have been used, two as forming the text, and
live as affording various readings.
I. MS. Cosin. — A Manuscript upon paper, of the
quarto size, marked B. II. u, in the Episcopal Library
of Durham founded by Bishop Cosin, and containing,
i. An Exposition of the Catechism. 2. Hegg's Legend of
St. Cuthbert, to which are prefixed lists of the bishops
of Hexham, Candida Casa, Lindisfarne, Chester-le-Street,
and Durham to 1660. 3. "This booke doth conteine a
discription or briefe declaratio of all the ancient Monu-
ments Rites and Customes, belonginge or beinge wthin the
Monasticall Church of Durham before the suppression
written 1593 " ; and, 4. "An act for a publike thanksgiuinge
to allmightie God euerye yeare on the fift of nouember.
Anno Jacobi Regis tertio." The book is in the same hand
from beginning to end, and the period of its compilation
is proved by the last article of its contents to be subse-
quent to the year 1606. It was probably written about
the year 1620, or 1630, but certainly before the Great
Rebellion. The title of the Legend of St. Cuthbert,
"The History of The Church of Durham, written by
Stephen Hegg," is inscribed by Bishop Cosin in the
more distinct hand of his earlier life, indicating that the
volume belonged to him before his elevation to the See of
Durham. Moreover, in the list of the bishops of Durham,
" Tho. Moorton, 1632," is in the first hand, while "John
Cosin, 1660," is a later addition. In the absence of any
earlier authority, this Manuscript constitutes the text of
our pages to p. 23, with additions and various readings
from the other sources hereafter specified.
This preface i-> the Former one of 1S44, with some adaptations and
additions.
X RITES OF DURHAM.
II. A manuscript Roll, sixty-seven feet in length, and
six inches in breadth, of which the writing occupies five
inches and a quarter, and consisting of sixty-five pieces
of paper stitched together with thread,1 belonging to
Thomas Jefferson Hogg and John Hogg of Norton, in the
county of Durham, Esqrs., who very obligingly permitted
the Society to make use of it for the earlier edition of this
publication. Their present representative has extended
the same favour to us now. This Roll is written in a
bold hand, at a period certainly not much later than
the date which the compilation itself in the Cosin MS.
purports to bear, the year 1593. The following memoranda
occur at some of the joinings of the sheets /'/; dorso,
indicating probably that it was copied by more scribes
than one, of whom these may be the names : — " 2nd pt
Mr. lies, following the 2d pt " ; "3rd pt of the 2nd pt,
following Mr. lies " ; " John Wright," " Thomas
Wright," " Brien lies his 5te pte." Of these persons no
record has been found. It is much to be regretted that
this Roll does not contain the whole of the original
compilation. It commences only with the battle of
Neville's Cross ; but, as it is manifestly of higher date and
authority than the Cosin MS., the latter is after p. 23
rejected as the basis of our text, and is afterwards only
used for subsidiary purposes : the Roll, from the page
referred to, to the end of the book, is our chief authority.
It was used by Hutchinson. — See his Durham, II, 6311.
III. MS. Hunter, No. 45, upon paper, in quarto.
This is a book of a very miscellaneous nature. It appears
to have belonged originally to persons of the names of
Gabriel Archer and John Archer of Malton, as a school
book, and from them to have passed into the hands of
Theophilus Brathwaite, who, as he himself says in a
pedigree of the family of Radclyffe of Threshfield, in the
1 Since unstitched and pasted on linen.
PREFACE. XI
county of York, which he recorded in one of its pages in
the year 1655, " was borne at Nunburnholm, the tenth day
of January 1595, and was baptized the 18th day following,
his godfathers Mr. Mawburne of Holm in Spaldingmore,
Mr. Longley near Pocklington, and Mrs. Percy of Hars-
well godmother"; and that on the nth dav of October,
1624, being- then "of the city of Yorke, Esqr. one of the
gentlemen sewers to his late Majesty of famous memory
Kinge Charles," he married Annabella, eldest daughter of
Charles Radclyffe of Threshfield, Esq., by whom he had
three daughters. When the book came into Mr. Brath-
waite's possession it contained much blank paper, which
he has filled up with entries equally miscellaneous —
pedigrees of the Sovereigns of Europe, of the Emperors of
Rome, biographical notices of Archbishops of York, and
what more concerns us, a sparsim transcript of numerous
portions of the Record, which is printed in its entire state
in the following pages, together with many very valuable
additions, bringing it down to his own time. It is to be
regretted that portions of the document are here wanting.
They were probably contained in "the ould booke " to
which he refers (see p. 21 hereafter), and of which nothing
is now known. Of this manuscript we have made much
use under the reference H. 45.
IV. MS. Hunter, No. 44, Tract 10, upon paper, in
quarto. This is the latest of our MS. authorities, and
appears to have been written subsequently to the Restora-
tion. It has furnished a few various readings referred to
under H. 44 ; but it alone, says Raine's Surtees edition of
1S44, contains an account of the painted windows which
decorated the church of Durham at the time of its com-
pilation. Appendix I, pp. 109 — 122. In the present
edition this description is printed from a much earlier
copy in the Bodleian Library, MS. Rawlinson B. ^ou, c.
loo,"?. The MS. is a folio entitled " A booke o( the
Xll RITES OF DURHAM.
recordes of Duresme. A little treatise ... for the most
part translated forth of Latine into English the first
day of August Anno d'ni 1603. Anno regni regis Jacobi
etc. primo." On fo. 14^. begins : — " A discription of the
histories," etc. The writing appears to be of about the
above date.
MSS. C, H. 44, and Gough Durham 15 contain the
same description as the Rawlinson MS. ; the differences
among the MSS. are not of much importance.
V. MS. Lawson, referred to as L. This MS.
belongs to Sir John Lawson, Bart., of Brough Hall,
Catterick, and is a folio (i2}4 in. by 7^), very clearly
written in a book well bound in old calf, with book-plate
of the arms of " S1 Henry Lawson, Bart." The first 93
pages contain the whole of "Rites" not including the
" Histories in the Glass Windows." Then follows, on
pp. 93 to 122, the tract on the Bishops of Durham, in
English, printed by Allan in 1779 ; the remaining portion
of the book, about two-thirds, is blank. A marginal note
at the end of the written portion says that the translation of
the tract on the Bishops was made in 1603, " And this
Copy taken 1656." As all the writing seems to be of the
same date, we may assign 1656 as the date of the portion
on " Rites." This MS. supplies us with all the passages
that Dr. Raine took from Davies, not knowing of any MS.
that contained them. These are now for the first time
printed exactly as they stand in the Lawson MS. This
MS. was used by Hutchinson. — See his Durham, II, 63^.
VI. MS. Cambridge, referred to as C, belongs to
the Cambridge University Library, and is marked
G G 2 15. It is neatly written in a quarto volume
containing 140 leaves of size 9 x 6y& inches, on leaves
! — 80, preceded by title, dedication, and table of contents.
At the end, "Transcribed Jan : 31th 1660. p J : B." The
text is that of the Lawson MS., with slight verbal
l'RKFACE. Xlll
differences. Leaves 8l to 83 are blank, then conies, on
leaves 84—92, " The History of some partieuler windowes
in the Cathedrall Church of Durham," much as in our
Appendix and in MS. Hunter 44, but in a slightly
abridged form. Leaves 93 to 121 contain, in English, under
the heading " Origo Episcopatus Dunelmensis Anno
Domini 1603," the tract printed by Allan in 1779. Leaves
129 to 130 are blank. The collation is, " ix + 130
(4- f. 2^*) = 140 leaves." It contains a line book-plate
commemorating the present of books made to the Univer-
sitv by George I in 1715, on which present see Studies in
Oxford History, O.H.S., 156. Both covers bear impres-
sions in gold from a very line stamp of the arms of
Durham Cathedral, surrounded by a wreath of palm
branches.
The dedication is as follows : —
" Right Wor'ppfull
The Coppies of these two Treatises lighting into my
hands accidentally, I counted it in pte, a Sinne of Omission,
& negligence, to let them returne unsaluted, in the
Coppying of wch, knowing yo' worshipps delight, in
Church order and Ornamlb, did beleeue, you would take
much satisfacc'on, in ye reading of them : Upon w-'1'
Consideration, I resolued to bestowe some houres, in ye
transcribeing of y,n, and so much y* more willingly, by
how much the more I psumed, yl through yo' goodnes,
yow would be so farre from denying the acceptance of it,
that yow would rather cherish, yc weake endeauours of
yo1 Wor'pps most humble
Servant
J :B
For the Right Worshipfull )
Sr Gilbert Jerrard J
Sir Gilbert Gerard was a son-in-law of Bishop Cosin.
XIV KITES OF DURHAM.
VII. British Museum, MS. Harl. 7047. A volume
measuring 11-;^ by 7^ inches. It contains, on ff. 146 —
174, the whole of "Rites," including the passages that
were printed from Davies in 1842, but not the separate
description of " Glass Windows." Sir E. M. Thompson
says that it is in the writing of Thomas Baker, the Cam-
bridge antiquary, who was born at Lanchester and received
his early education at Durham ; he was " socius ejectus "
and historian of St. John's College, and died in 1740.
The following is a copy of his note in the MS. : —
" The copy from which this was taken had been writt
by an unskilful scribe and therefore is often lame or faulty
in the punctuation and sometime in the sense, especially
where he quotes in Latin. The author's name does not
appear but the collection was made an. 1593 and it is not
improbable that George Bates the last Register of the
house was the Author, of which there are some intimations
in the collection itself."
He has, however, adopted the extraordinary mis-
reading " Deribitory " in ch. xxxvi.
The Society is under great obligation to the Dean
and Chapter of Durham, to the Trustees of Bishop
Cosin's Library, to Sir John Lawson, and to the
University of Cambridge, for permission to make use of
these manuscripts.
A note by Dr. Hunter, in the margin of MS. Cosin
(p. 54, note 2), refers to another MS. in the possession of a
Mrs. Milner, which, if existing, has not been identified.
A considerable portion of the Record here presented
to the Society and to the public was published in a
curtailed and modernized shape, by John Davies, of
Kidwelly, in the year 1672, in a volume of the duodecimo
PREFACE. XV
size, under the following title : " The Ancient Rites, and
Monuments of the Motiastical, & Cathedral Church of
DURHAM, Collected out of Ancient Manuscripts, about the
time of the Suppression. Published by J. 1). of Kidwelly.
Tempera mutantur — London, Printed for IV. Hensman at
the King's Head in Westminster-Hall, M.DC.LXXII." In
the Dedication, dated London, October 4, 1671, "to my
much honoured friend, James Mickleton, of the Inner
Temple, Esqr.," Davies speaks of his obligations to "a
famous native of Durham, his early friend and patron,
John Hall," who was brother-in-law to Mickleton by
marriage ; and it is probable that from this person he
received his manuscript. Hall was a poet, and died
young ; having been a contemporary of Davies at St.
John's College, Cambridge. Of Davies himself, and his
various writings, a full account is given by Wood (Athen.
Oxon., II, col. 902, second edition, 1721 1). His publication
of the little volume now engaging our attention brought
upon him and his book the following unmerited attack
from "a severe Calvinist, and afterwards a Bishop,"
whose name Wood has withheld2: — " Liber hie omnino
apochrvphus ptwa/Has et Legends putida? plurimum, vero
historiae (praxi et cultu monachorum superstitioso exceptis)
parum habet, adeo ut mirari subit, inscitiam ejus qui
edidit, et negligentiam (veritati et ecclesia? Anglicana?
damnosam) qui pra^lo permisit."
It seems evident that Davies curtailed his manuscript
and modernized its spelling and language. The slightest
comparison between his book and even the later of our two
1 Also in the Dictionary of National Biography.
- See pp. 161-2, on this attack. This attitude towards antiquarian
pursuits long continued. Bishop Warburton spoke of " the Antiquarian ,
who delights to solace himself in the benighted days of Monkish owl-light."
Warburton, Charge to the Clergy of the Diocese of Gloucester, Works (1811),
IX, 376, a. 1779. There are, perhaps, even now, some whose sentiments
would be in harmony with those of the learned prelate.
b
XVI RITES OF DURHAM.
text authorities, the Cosin MS., will afford abundant proof
of the defects of his edition, but the Norton roll establishes
them in the most decided way. Old North-country words
have been rejected ; peculiar modes of expression of a
local character have been generalized, and whole sentences
have occasionally been so condensed as to convey an
imperfect idea of their original character and meaning.
That Davies took these liberties is the more to be regretted,
as the manuscript from which he printed, although
apparently in some respects less perfect than those above
specified, seems to have contained matter not to be found
in any of them ; and the editor of the edition of 1844 has,
upon a few occasions, transcribed from Davies's book what
could not elsewhere be found, using the reference Dav.
In the present edition these passages are all printed
from MS. L. They are also contained in MS. C.
The above reason may suffice to justify the Surtees
Society in apparently departing from one of its rules.
This interesting Record of the Rites and Ceremonies of
the Monastical Church of Durham, unique in its kind, and
throwing so much light upon Benedictine and monastic
observances, "is now" (says the editor of the earlier
Surtees edition), " for the first time, faithfully printed
from the best authorities which can be found, with a
collation of other existing manuscripts ; and the garb
which it assumes invests it with a new character. It must
further be stated, that Davies's book, in its original state,
is so exceedingly rare, that few people possess it, and that
even in this respect alone a new edition was desirable "
(1844P
1 The Society has now (1903) departed still further in reprinting one of
its own early volumes. This has, however, long been out of print, and is
in great demand. The reprinting, moreover, has given the opportunity of
consulting additional MSS., giving a more accurate text, and adding more
appendices, as well as the notes, plans, etc,
PREFACE. XV11
We have said " in its original state," for, in the year
1733, Dr. Christopher Hunter made it the basis of a little
volume, which he published under the following title : —
"Durham Cathedral, as it was before the Dissolution
of the Monastry ; containing an account of the IRitCS,
CUStontS, and Ceremonies used therein, together with
the Histories painted in the Windows, and an appendix of
various Antiquities, collected from several /IftaitUSCriptS.
— Durham, printed by J. Ross for Mrs. Waghorn, 1733."
In the year 1743, Dr. Hunter professed to publish a
second edition of the above book, but the title only was
new. It runs as follows : —
4iThe History of the Cathedral Church of Durham
as it was before the Dissolution of the Monastry containing
An Account of the Rites, Customs, and Ceremonies
used therein, Together with a Particular Description of
the Fine Paintings in the Windows ; Likewise the
Translation of St. Cuthbert's Body from Holy Island ;
With the Various Accidents that attended it's Interment
here ; with an Appendix of divers Antiquities collected
from the best Manuscripts. The Second Edition, with
Additions. Durham, Printed for John Richardson,
Bookseller, at the Bible and Crown, price 2s."
Dr. Hunter's book contains a few corrections of
Davies from MS. Cosin and H. 45, to which he seems to
have had access, and also a few monumental inscriptions :
but there is the same disregard of ancient phraseology,
and a remarkable neglect of Brathwaite's additions to the
latter of the above authorities. We have made one or
two references to Dr. Hunter's edition. Of his appendix
we shall have occasion to speak hereafter.
In the year 1767 Hunter's edition was reprinted by a
bookseller in Durham of the name of Patrick Sanderson,
with still further deviations from the original, and with
XV11I RITES OF DURHAM.
numerous additional inaccuracies, the result of carelessness.
Appended to Sanderson's edition is a " Description of the
County Palatine of Durham," occupying 135 pages, based
upon Magna Britannia Antigua et Nova [by T. Cox and
A. Hall], Lond., 1738, I, 606 — 648. The title of Sander-
son's book, of which there was a large impression, is as
follows : —
" The Antiquities of the Abbey or Cathedral Church
of Durham, also A particular Description of the County
Palatine of Durham, Compiled from the best Authorities
and Original Manuscripts. To which is added, The
Succession of the Bishops, Deans, Archdeacons, and
Prebends, The Bishop's Courts, and his Officers,
And the Castles and Mansion-Houses of the Nobility
and Gentry, with other Particulars. Newcastle-upon-Tyne :
Printed by J. White and T. Saint, for P. Sanderson,
at Mr. Pope's Head, in Durham, mdcclxvii."
In our Appendix (No. I, pp. 109 — 122) was printed in
1844 from H. 44, the only manuscript then known in
which it was contained,1 " A Description of the Histories
in the Glass Windows of the Church of Durham."2 This
description is also printed by Hunter, and from the same
authority : but here again the language is modernized,
and there are great inaccuracies in his text. The com-
pilation is ascribed by Hunter to Prior Wessington, upon
no authority. In fact, some of the figures represented
persons who flourished long after Wessington's death.
The memoranda and letter of Henry the Sixth (Ap-
pendix II, pp. 122, 123) are also printed by Hunter, p.
167, but no authority is assigned. We have found them
1 This " Description " lias since been found in other MSS., and is here
printed from MS. Rawlinson, B. 300. See above, p. xi.
2 The reader will be pleased to consider the above as the proper title
of the first Article in the Appendix, and not "A Description of the Glass
Histories in the Windows " [Edition 1844]. The correct title is given in this
edition.
PREFACE. XIX
in a manuscript in the Library of Bishop Cosin, B. II. 2,1
and have thought it right, by printing them entire, to
supply Hunter's omissions.
Appendix III, pp. 124 — 136. The reference to the
authority for this portion of the Appendix is given in a
note to p. 124. These inscriptions were printed in 1844
for the first time, curtailed, however, of much of the history
which is appended to each in the manuscript, and which
was probably equally omitted upon the pictures. We have
now, however, printed at length for the second time such
biographical notices as are appended to the Saints of
Lindisfarne, or the Northern Counties, and from them the
nature of the rest may be ascertained.
Appendix IV, pp. 137—143. These inscriptions,
probably upon panels beneath the figures represented, are
to be found only in the MS. Cosin, B. II. 2, above referred
to. They were first printed, but inaccurately, by Dr.
Hunter.
Appendix V, pp. 144 — 147. A list of the dependants
or livery men of the Church of Durham, in 15 10, with
their respective offices, from an entry in one of the
Bursars' Books, together with the quantity of cloth which
each received, according to his station.
Appendix VI, pp. 148 — 158. An abstract of such In-
dulgences as are preserved in the Treasury, granted to
those who promoted the building of the Nine Altars, who
visited in devotion and with gifts the shrine of St. Cuth-
bert, the various altars and relics of the Church, or who in
any way contributed to its benefit. These Indulgences
afford manv valuable dates ; and it is interesting to
1 " Colleetio Antiquilatum Ecclesiae Dunelmensis, begun ihe 141I1 of
November, 1660. A transcript of a manuscript which Mr. Greeke hath :
ended 26 of November, 1600." This volume, which was transcribed at the
instance of Bishop Cosin, ami contains several directions to the copyist in
his hand, consists chiefly of extracts from Simeon Dunelm. and Prior
Wessinglon's Collections relative to the Benedictines in the Durham
Chapter MS. B. III. 30, hereafter mentioned.
XX RITES OF DURHAM.
observe how those dates confirm the character of existing
architectural details.
Appendix VII, pp. 159, 160. Notes containing some
interesting information, now (1903) printed for the first
time, and supplemented by notes, pp. 296, 297.
Appendix VIII, pp. 161 — 168. Notes now (1903)
printed for the first time, and supplemented on pp. 297 —
301.
Appendix IX, pp. 169, 170. Curious as giving some
information as to facts and feelings existing about the
year 1776.
Appendix X, p. 171. This interesting little Inventory
speaks for itself, and helps us to imagine how the other
altars were furnished.
Appendix XI, pp. 172 — 191. These extracts from a
Durham Missal are given at the suggestion of Dr. J.
Wickham Legg, F.S.A., and are printed from a transcript
kindly made by him for insertion in this volume.
The three Plans given in this edition are in some sort
an afterthought. They were not finally decided on until
the notes were all printed, or they would have been there
referred to from time to time. It is hoped that with the
help of the explanations they will be found useful ; they
can always be referred to in place of Carter's or any that
are mentioned in the notes.
After the notes on page 261 had been printed, it was
suggested by Mr. W. H. St. John Hope that the cloister
laver had probably been in the usual situation, "over
against the frater door," as stated in Rites, ch. xl, and not
in the middle of the garth, as has long been supposed.
Many generations have been misled by the marble basin
having been placed in the middle when the building that
had sheltered it was demolished. Excavations in the
PREFACE. XXI
south-west part of the garth have resulted in the discovery
not only of the octagonal building described in Rites, but
oi~ a square one that preceded it, and also of a well at a
distance of 27 feet from centre to centre, to the north-east.
The page containing the notes on the laver has
accordingly been cancelled, and the notes have been
altered in accordance with the new discoveries, but it was
impossible to say much about these without greatly
disturbing other pages. It is hoped, however, that a
proper account will shortly appear in Arclueologia.
For convenience of reference, the paging of the edition
of 1844 is inserted in the pages of this one, and every
passage to which a note belongs is marked by a small
asterisk.
Besides those owners or keepers of MSS. who have
been mentioned above, there are several friends who have
rendered great service in connexion with this new edition.
Mr. Hope has prepared two of the Plans, has made
two special journeys to Durham in connexion therewith,
and has written the valuable note on the Sunday
Procession, besides going through the notes, and making
many valuable suggestions now embodied in them.
Among others who have seen the notes in proof must be
specially named the Rev. W. Greenwell, the Dean of
Durham, Dr. J. Wickham Legg, and Mr. J. T. Mickle-
thwaite, who have all pointed out additions and corrections
by which many of the notes, themselves the labour of
some years, have been greatly improved.
J. T. F.
Durham,
May, igoj.
(0 This booke doth conteine a discription or briefe MS. Cosi
c. 1620.
declaratio of all the ancient monuments
Rites and customes, belonginge or beinge wlhin
the Monasticall Church of durham before
the suppression written. 1593-*
. UNIVERSI"
VJt
(I. The Nine Altars.)*1
First in the front or highest part* of the Church were the
9 altars dedicated and directed in the honoure of (several)2
saints, and of them takinge theire names as the inscription
hereof shall declare. The altars beinge placed north and
south one from another, alonge the front of the church.
In the midst of the front of the church where theise
9 altars were placed, was the altar of the holy fathers Sl
Cuthbert and Sl Bede, hauinge all the foresaid altars
equally deuided of either hand as on the south hand foure,
and on the north hand foure on the south were theise 4
altars following^,
1 first the altar of Sl Oswald and Sl Laurence.
2 The second was the altar of Sl Thomas of Canterburye
and Sl Kathern.
3 The third was the altar of Sl John Baptist & Sl
Margarett.*
4 The fourth was the altar of Sl Andrew and Mary
Magdalene beinge the uttermost altar toward the south.
[In the South angle of the said Nine Altars next the MS. L.
Cemetory Garth, commonly called the Centry Garth and ' s '
next the said Altar there was an Ambry set* wherein
Singing-breads* and Wine were usually placed, at which
the Segerston of the Abbey caused his Servant or Scholar
' The headings in parentheses, and their numbers throughout, are retained
from the edition of 1842 for convenience' sake. But arehaistic spelling ot
modern headings is modernized. The small asterisks are to indicate
passages on which there are notes at the end of the volume. The figures
in parentheses are the numbers of the pages in the edition of 1S42.
-' Secunda manu.
I
2 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. l., davly to give attendance from six a clock in the Morning
' ^ ' till the high Masse was ended from out (2) thereof to deliver
Singing-bread and Wine to those that did assist and help
the Monks to celebrate and say Masse. L., C, Dav.\
MS. Cos., Richard de Bury, Bpp of durha lyeth buryed before
c. 1 )2o. tj1js Altar vnder a faire marble stone,* wheron his owne
vmage was most curiously and artificially ingrauen in
brass with the pictures of the 12 apostles devided
imbordered [devided & bordred, H. 45, L.] of either side
of him, and other fine imagery worke a bout it much
adorninge ye marble stone.
On the north side of Saint Cuthberts Shrine
and Saint Bedes altar, were theise 4 followinge
1 The altar of Sl Martin.
2 The second was the altar of S* Peter and Sl Paul.
3 The third was the Altar of Sl Adian (sic) and Sl
Helline.
4 The fourth was the Altar of the holy Archangell Sl
Michaell beinge the outermost towards the north : be
twixt the last two Altars lyeth buryed Anthony Beeke
bpp of durha and Patriarch of Jerusalem in a faire marble
tombe, under neath a faire marble stone, beinge the first
Bpp that euer attempted to lye so neere the sacred shrine
of Sl Cuthbert, the wall beinge broken* at the end of the
allye* for bringinge him in with his coffin, [wch contynued
vntill ye suppression of ye Abbey, H. 45].
All the foresd 9 altars had theire seuerall shrines* and
couers of wainscote ouer head* in uerye decent and comely
forme, hauinge likewise betwixt euerye altar a uerye faire
and large ptition of wainscott* all uarnished ouer, wth fine
branches & flowers and other imagerye worke most finely
and artificially pictured and guilted,* conteyninge the
seuerall lockers or ambers* for the safe keepinge of the
uestments and ornaments belonginge to euerye altar, with
3 or 4 little am ryes in the wall* ptaininge to some of the
sd altars, for the same use and purpose.
There is in the East end of the church a goodly faire
round window called Sl Katherns window,* the bredth of
the quere all of stone uerye finely and cunningly
wrought and glazed, hauinge in it 24 lights uerye
THE FERETORY. 3
artificially made, as it is called geometricall, and the MS. Cos.
picture of Sl Kathern is sett in glass on the right side
underneath the sd window in a nother glazed window,
as shee was sett uppon the wheele* to bee tormented to
death which wheele did burst in peices and caught the
turners of the sd wheele, and wth the pikes therof all to
rent them in peices, Sl Kat beinge safe hir selfe by the
prouision of Almightie god and in the sd window was there
a frame of iron, wherin did stand 9 uery fine cres(3)setts
of Earthen mettalP filled with tallow wch euerye night
was lighted when the day was gone to giue light to the
nine altars and Sl Cuthberts feriture, in that part and ouer
all the church besides, did burne unto the next morninge
that the day was broken.
In the south alley end* of the 9 altars there is a good
glazed window called Sl Cuthberts window,* the wch hath
in it all the whole storye life and miracles of that holy
man Sl Cuthbert from his birth of his natiuitie and infancie
unto the end and a discourse of his whole life, maruelously
fine and curiously sett forth in pictures in fine coloured
glass accordinge as he went in his habitte to his dying day
beinge a most godly and fine storye to behold of that holy
man Sl Cuthbert.
In the north alley of the sd 9 altars there is another
goodly faire great glass window called Josephs window
the wch hath in it all the whole storye of Joseph* most
artificially wrought in pictures in fine coloured glass
accoringe (sic) as it is sett forth in the bible uerye good
and godly to the beholders therof.
(II.) In Sl Cuthberts feritorye.*1
Next to theise 9 altars was the goodly [stately, H. 45]
monument of Saint Cuthbert adioyinge to the quire and
the high altar, on the west end reachinge towards the
9 altars on the east and toward the north and south
containinge the breadth of the quire in quadrant forme* in
the midst wherof his sacred shrine* was exalted with most
' Here, as elsewhere, the heading: gfiven in the MS. is retained where
there is one.
4 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Cos., curious workmanshipp of fine and costly [green, H. 45, L.,
C, and Dav.\ marble all limned and guilted with gold hau-
inge foure seates or places conuenient* under the shrine for
the pilgrims or laymen [lame or sicke men, H. 45] sittiNge
on theire knees* to leane and rest on, in time of theire deuout
offeringes and feruent prayers to God and holy Sl Cuthbert,
for his miraculous releife and succour wch beinge neuer
wan tinge made the shrine to bee so richly inuested, that it
was estimated to bee one of the most sumptuous monuments
in all England, so great were the offerings and Jewells that
were bestowed uppon it, and no lesse the miracles that
were done by it, [wrought att itt, H. 45] euen in theise latter
dayes* as is more patent [apparent in recordf, H. 45] in
the history of the Church at large.*
At the west end of this shrine of Sl Cuthbert was a little
altar* adioyned to it for masse to bee sd on onely uppon the
(4) great and holy feast of Sl Cuthberts day in lent,* at wch
solemnitie the holy [Prior and the whole, H. 45] couent
did keepe open houshold [howse, H. 45] in the frater
house* and did dine altogether on that day, and on no day
else in the yeare. And at this feast and certaine other
festiuall dayes in the time of deuine seruice they were
accustomed to drawe [vpp, H. 45] the couer* of Sl
Cuthberts shrine
MS. H. 45, [beinge of Wainescott where vnto was fastned vnto euy
t- J 55" corner of yesd Cover to a loope of Iron a stronge Cord wch
Cord was all fest together over ye Midst over ye Cover.
And a strong rope was fest vnto ye loopes or bindinge of ye
sd Cordes wch runn vpp and downe in a pully vnder ye
Vault* wch was aboue over S1 Cuthb : feretorie for ye
drawinge vpp of ye Cover of the sd shrine and the sd rope
was fastned to a loope of Iron* in ye North piller of ye
ferretory : haueinge six silver bells fastned to ye sd rope, soe
as when ye cover of ye same was drawinge vpp ye belles
did make such a good sound yl itt did stirr all ye peoples
harts that was wthin ye Church to repaire vnto itt and to
make ther praiers to God and holy Sl Cuthb: and yl ye
behoulders might see ye glorious ornam'ts therof : Also
ye Cover had att euy corner two ringes made fast, wch did
THE FERETORY. 5
runn vpp and downe on fower staves* of Iron when itt was ^Is- H. 45.
in drawinge vpp wth staves were fast to euv eorner of yc
Marble y' Sl Cuthb: Coffin did lve vpon, wch cover was all
gilded over and of eyther side was painted fower lively
Images curious to ye beholders and on the East End was
painted the picture of or Savior sittinge on a Rainebowe to
geive Judgrri1 very lively to ye behoulders and on the West
end, of itt was ye picture of or Lady & or Savio1 on her
knee And on the topp of ye Cover from end to end was
most fvne [brandishing oi\ L., C. ; Brattishing* of, Ed. H.]
carved worke cutt owte wth Dragons and other beasts moste
artificiallv wrought and ye inside was Vernished wth a fyne
sanguine colour that itt might be more pspicuous to y°
beholders and att euy corner of ye Cover was a locke* to
keepe itt close but att such tymes as was fitt to show itt.
H. 45, L., C, Dav.\
that the beholders might see the glorve and ornaments MS. Cos.,
.1 r C. Ib20.
therof.
Also within the sd feretorye, both of the north side and
the south, there was almeryes of fine wenscote,* beinge
uarnished and finelye painted and gilted finely ouer with
little images nerve seemly and beautifull to behould, for
the reliques belonginge to Sl Cuthb to lye in, and within
the sd almeryes, did lye all the holy reliques* [& guifts, H.
45] that was ofered to that holy man Sl Cuthb: and when
his (5) shrine was drawne, [upp, H. 45] then the sd almeryes
were opened that euery man yl came thither at that time
might see the holy reliques therein, [all the holy reliques
and guifts and Jewells that were in ye Almeries, H. 45] so
that for the costly reliques and Jewells that was in the same
almeryes and other reliques that hung a bout within the s(l
feretorye uppon the irons was accounted to bee the most
sumptuous and richest Jewells in all this land, with the
beautifullness of the fine little Images that did stand in the
french peir" within the feretorye, for great was the gifts and
godly deuotion of kinges and queenes and other estates at
that time towards God and holy S1 Cuthbert in that Church.
Within this feretorye of Sl Cuthb: there was many fine
little picturs of seuerall sorts [Saints, Ed. II.] of ymagery
6 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Cos., worke all beinge of Alabaster set in the frontispice [French-
peire, H. 45,>C. ; French quire, L.] in theire seuerall places,
the pictures beinge uerye curiously engrauen and gilt, and
the Neuelles Crosse and bull head [for his Creast beinge, H.
45J sett uppon the height [on height, H. 45] and of either
side of the 2 dores* in the sd french peire [quire, L. ; piere,
C] besides, and also in diuers other places of the french
peire [which Feretory & French quire, L. ; pierre, Dav.} was
made at the charges of John Neuill, as may appeare at
large in the historie of the church.
At the east end of Sl Cuthb : feretorie there was wrought
uppon the height of the irons* towards the 9 altars uery
fine candlesticks of iron like unto socketts wch had lights
sett in them before day that euerye monke might haue the
more light to see to read uppon their bookes at the sd 9
altars, when they said masse, and also to give light to all
others that came thither to heare and see the diuine seruice.
MS. L., [The King of Scotts Ancient* and his Banner with the
l6S6- Lord Nevells Banner, and diverse other Noblemens
Ancients were all brought to Sl Cuthberts Feretorie, and
there the said Lord Nevell, [after ye battel done* in moste
solemne and humble manner, H. 45] did make his petition
to God and that holy man Sl Cuthbert [to accept his
offeringe, H. 45] and did offer the aforesaid Jewells and
Banners [and ye holy rood crosse* wch was taken on ye
Kinge of Scotts, H. 45] to the Shrine of that holy and
blessed man Sl Cuthbert within the Feretorie ; [and soe
after his orisons pformed to god and Sl Cuthb : he
depted, H. 45] and there the said Banners and Ancients
did stand, and hung untill the Suppression of the house :
the Lord Nevells Banner staff was all writhen [wrought, H.
45] about with Iron [all wrythen* about with Iron, Ed. H.]
from the midst upward, and did stand and was bound to the
Irons on the North end of (6) the Feretorie and the King of
Scotts Banner was bound to the midst of the said Irons [to
ye Midst of ye ferritorie, H. 45] and did hang on [over,
H. 45] the midst of the Alley of the Nine Altars, and was
fastned wth a cord to a loup of Iron* being in a pillar under
Sl Katherines Window in the East end of the Church, and
THE QUIRE. 7
a little after the suppression of the house they were all &fS. L.,
taken down, spoiled and defaced that the memory thereof
should he clean taken away [obliterated, II. 45] being hoth
a great honour unto the Realm, and decent Ornament unto
the Church. L., C, Davies.] [& an honnor to the Real me
beinge v° Ensignes <.V' Trophies of ther great Yietories,
H. 45]- "
(III.) The Quire.
In the East end of the quire ioyninge uppon Sl Cuthberts MS" gOS-
feriture stood the high altar beinge the goodliest [& moste
stately, H. 45] altar in all the church and a nerve rich
thinge with many pretious and costlv ornaments appertain-
ing to it both for euerv prineipall day as also for euery1
[of o1 La : II. 45, L., C, and Dav.\ dayes betwixt
the sd high altar and Sl Cuthberts feriture is all of [yc,
H. 45] french peere uerye curiously wrought both of the
inside and outside with faire images of Alabaster being
most finely gilted beinge called in the antient history" the
Laordose' the sd curious workmanshipp of french peere or
Laordose reachinge in hight almost to the middle vault,
and containinge the breath of the quire in lengthe in the
midst wherof right over2 the said hye altar were artificially
placed in uery fine Alabaster the picture of our lady
standinge in the midst, and the picture of Sl Cuthb: on the
one side and the picture of Sl Oswald on the other beinge
all richly gilded and at either end of the sd altar was a
wande of iron fastened in the wall, wheron did hang
curtaines or hanginges' of white silke dayly, the dayly
ornaments that were hunge both before the altar and
a boue were of red ueluett, wrought with great flowers
of gold in imbroydered worke with many goodly pictures
besides, beinge uerye finely gilted, but the ornaments
for the prineipall feast wch was the assumption of our
lady were all of white damaske all besett with pearle
and pretious stones which made the ornaments more rich
and gorgeous to behould. [Att eyther end was a place to
keepe y* wdl ornamls w h were of white Damaske and such
like stuffe, H. 45].
A blank left hero in Cos. MS. MS. bas "righl on.
O RITES OF DURHAM.
Cos., Within the sd quire ouer the high Altar did hang a rich
1 6 jo.
(7) and most sumptuous Canapie for the Blessed sacrament
to hang within it which had 2 irons fastened* in the french
peere uery finely gilt wch held the canapie ouer the midst of
the sd high Altar (that the pix did hange in it* that it could
not moue nor stirr) wheron did stand a pellican* all of
siluer uppon the height of the sd Canopie uerye finely
gilded giuinge hir bloud to hir younge ones, in token that
Christ did giue his bloud for the sinns of the world, and it
was goodly to behould for the blessed sacrament to hange
in, and a marueilous faire pix that the holy blessed
sacrament did hange in wch was of most pure fine gold
most curiously wrought of gold smith worke, and the white
cloth* that hung ouer the pix was of uerye fine lawne all
embroydered and wrought aboue [about, L., C] with gold
and red silke, And 4 great and round knopes of gold marue-
lous and cunningly wrought with great tassells of gold and
redd silke hangingeat them, and at the 4 corners of the white
lawne cloth. And the crooke that hung within the cloth
that the pix did hang on was of gold and the cords that did
draw it upp and downe was made of fine white strong
silke. And when the monkes went to say or singe the high
masse, they put on theire uestments [they were vested, H.
45] in the vestrye [Revestry, L., C, Dav.\ both the epistoler
and the gospeller* they were alwayes reuest in the same
place, and when the office of the masse* began to be
sung, the epistoler came out of the revestrie, and the other 2
monkes following him all 3 arow* at the south quire dore
and there did stand to [vntill, H. 45] the gloria patri of the
office of the masse* began to bee sunge, and then with
great reuerence and deuotion they went all [three, L., C,
Dav.\ upp to the high Altar (and one of the uergers that
kept the uestrie, did goe before them with a tipt staffe in his
hand as it was his office so to doe) bowinge themselues
most reuerently to the blessed sacrament of the Altar, the
one on the on side of him that sd the masse and the other
of the other side, also the gospeller [Epistler, H. 45] did
carrye a maruelous faire booke which had the Epistles and
Gospells in it, & did lay it on the altar the which booke had
on the outside of the coueringe the picture of our sauiour
THE QUIRE. 9
Christ all of siluer of goldsmiths worke all pcell gilt uerye Ms- < 'os'
fine to behould, w** booke did serue for the pax in the
masse. The epistoler when he had sung- the epistle did lay
the booke againe on the altar and after when the gospell
was sunge the gospeller did lay it downe on the altar, untill
the masse was done. And the masse beinge ended they
went all 3 into the reuestrie from whence they came and
carved the (8) booke with them, and one of the uergers
meetinge them at the south quire dore after the same sort
they came and went before them into the uestrie.
Also there was perteininge to the high Altar 2 goodly
Chalices one was of gold, the other of siluer, and double
gilt, and all the foote of it [them, H. 45] sett full of precious
stones, that of gold was for principall dayes and the other
was to serue euerye day, likewise there was perteininge
to the high altar, two goodly gilt basons of siluer,* one
for principall dayes double gilt a great large one, and the
other bason for euerye day, not so large beinge parcell gilt
and grauen all ouer, and two gilt Cruitts* that did hold a
quart a peece parcell gilt and grauen all ouer, and other 2
lesser Crewetts for euerye day all of siluer, one payer of
siluer Censors for euerye double feast double gilded, and 2
paire of siluer censors parcell gilt and the cheines also for
euery day with 2 shipps* of siluer parcell gilt for principall
dayes, and other two of siluer ungilt for euerye day, to
carry e franki licence in
[one pair of silver Censors for everv day, and two pair of
silver Censors for every feast double guilted [for euery
double feaste ungilted. C] And two pair of silver Sensors
pcell guilt and the chaines also for everv principal day,
with two shipps oi Silver peel guilt for principal dayes,
and other two of Silver unguilt for every day, to carry
frankincense in. L., C, Dav.],
and 2 siluer double gilded candlesticks' for 2 tapers
uery finely wrought of 3 [two, H. 45] quarters* high to bee
taken in sunder with wrests,* other two siluer candlesticks
for euerye dayes seruice pcell gilt with rich and sumptuous
furnitures for euerye festiuall day o( Changeable suites,
IO RITES OK DURHAM.
MS. Cos., diiiers of the uestments was sett all round about both
stooles and fannels,* there was also other uery rich and
costly iewells & ornaments that was ptelninge to the sd
high Altar.
Also there was 2 [faire, H. 45] Crosses to bee borne* [to
be carryed in recession, H. 45] on principall dayes, the one
of gold, and the staffe that it did stand on to beare it
withall was all of siluer, and goldsmiths worke uerye
curiously and finely wrought and double gilt, and the other
crosse was of siluer and double gilt and the staffe of it was
of wood that it did stand on after the same workmanshipp
and double gilt1 [fare guilt, L. ; faire gilt, C.].
(IV. The Quire — The Paschal.)
Also there was a goodly monument pertaininge to the
Church called the pascall* wch was wont to bee sett upp in
the quire (9) and there to remaine from the thursday called
Maundye thursday' before Easter untill Wednesday after
the assention day that did stand uppon a foure square
thick planke of wood against the first grees or stepp hard
behind the 3 basons of siluer that hung before the high
altar, in the midst of the sd greese is a nick* wherein on
of the corners of the sd planke was placed, and at euerye
corner of the planke was an iron ringe wherunto the feete
of the pascall were adioyned, representinge the pictures of
the foure flyinge dragons, [att each Corner one, H. 45] as
also the pictures of the 4 Euangelists [wth six faire
Candlesticks for six tapers to stand in, H. 45] aboue the
tops of the dragons underneath the nethermost bosse, all
supportinge the whole pascall and [in] the 4 quarters haue
beene foure Christall stones, and in the 4 small dragons 4
heads 4 christall stones as by the holes doe appeare and
on euerye side of the 4 dragons there is curious antick
worke as beasts and men uppon horsbacks with bucklers
bowes and shafts, and knotts with broad leaues spred
uppon the knotts uery finely wrought all beinge of most
fine and curious candlestick mettall [or Latten* Mettal
glistring as yc Gold it self having six Candlesticks or
' No break here in the MS.
THE PASSION. I I
Flowers of Candlestick mettall, added by Dr. Hunter, in -^s- < >,s-
the margin] coiiiinge from it three o( euerye side wheron
did stand in euerye of the sd flowers or candlestick a taper
of wax and on the height of the sd candlestick or pascall of
lattine was a faire large tlower beinge the principall flower
w^1 was the 7 candlestick, the pascall in latitude did
containe almost the bredth of the quire in longitude that
did extend to the height of the [Lower, H. 45] uault
wherein' did stand a long peece of wood reach inge within
a mans length [height, H. 45] to the uppermost uault
roofe of the church, wheron stood a great long square
tap of wax [a lardge square wax tap, H. 45] called the
pascall a fine conueyance threoigh the sd roofe' of the
church to light the tap withal! in conclusion the pascall
was estimated to bee one of the rarest monuments in all
England.
(V. The Quirk)— The Passion/
Within the Abbye Church of Durha uppon good friday
[theire was, H. 45] maruelous solemne seruice, in the wch
seruice time after the passion was sung" two of the eldest
[Ancient, Dav.] monkes did take a goodly large crucifix
all of gold of the picture* of our sauiour Christ nailed
uppon the crosse lyinge uppon a ueluett cushion, hauinge
St. Cuth(io)berts armes uppon it all imbroydered wth gold
bringinge that betwixt them uppon the sd cushion to the
lowest greeces [stepps, H. 45] in the quire, and there
betwixt them did hold the sd picture of our sauiour sittinge
of euery side [on ther knees, H. 45] of that, and then one
of the sd monkes did rise and went a prettye way from it
sittinge downe uppon his knees with his shooes put o(
uerye reuerently did creepe away uppon his knees unto the
sd crosse and most reuerently did kisse it, and after him
the other monke did so likewise [all vc other Monckes, H.
45], and then they did sitt them downe on euery [of evther,
H. 45] side of the sd crosse and holdinge it betwixt them,
and after that [them, H. 45 J the prior came forth of his
stall, and did sitt him downe of his knees with his shooes
of and in like sort did creepe also unto the Sd crosse [and
all the monkes after him one after an nother, in the same
12 RITES OF DURHAM.
ms. Cos., order, and not in H. 45], in the meane time all the whole
quire singinge an Himne,: the seruice beinge ended
the two [two not in H. 45] monkes did carrye it to the
sepulchre wth great reuerence, wch sepulchre was sett upp
in the morninge* on the north side of the quire nigh to the
high altar before the seruice time and there did lay it within
the sd sepulchre, with great deuotion with another picture
of our sauiour Christ, in whose breast they did enclose
with great reuerence the most holy and blessed sacrament
of the altar senceinge [singinge, H. 45] and prayinge vnto
it uppon theire knees a great space settinge two taper
lighted before it, wch tapers did burne unto Eas\er day in
the morninge that it was taken forth.
(VI. The Quire) — The resurrection.*
There was in the abbye church of duresme uerye
solemne seruice uppon easter day betweene 3 and 4 of the
clocke in the morninge in honour of the resurrectio where
2 of the oldest monkes of the quire came to the sepulchre,
beinge sett vpp upon good friday after the passion all
couered with redd ueluett and embrodered with gold, and
then did sence it either monke with a paire of siluer
sencors sittinge on theire knees before the sepulchre, then
they both risinge came to the sepulchre, out of the which
wth great reverence they tooke a maruelous beautifull
Image of our sauiour* representinge the resurrectio with a
crosse in his hand in the breast wherof was enclosed in
bright [moste pure, H. 45] Christall the holy sacrament
of the altar, throughe the wch christall the blessed host was
conspicuous, (11) to the behoulders, then after the
eleuation of the sd picture carryed by the sd 2 monkes
uppon a faire ueluett cushion all embrodered singinge the
anthem of christus resurgens* they brought to the high
altar settinge that on the midst therof whereon it stood
the two monkes kneelinge on theire knees before the altar,
and senceing it all the time that the rest of the whole quire
was in singinge the foresd anthem of Xpus resurgens, the
which anthem beinge ended the 2 monkes tooke up the
cushines and the picture from the altar supportinge it
ALMERIES — LETTERNS — BASINS. 1 3
betwixt them, proceeding in processio from the high altar Ms- Cos.
to the south quire dore where there was 4 antient gentle-
men* belonginge to the prior appointed to attend theire
cofningc holdinge upp a most rich cannopye of purple
ueluett tached* round about [tashed about, L., C] with redd
silke, and [a goodly, Dav.] gold fringe, and at euerve
corner did stand one of theise ancient gentlemen to beare
it ouer the sd Image, with the holy sacrament carried by
two monkes round about the church the whole quire
waitinge uppon it with goodly torches and great store oi
other lights, all singinge reioyceinge and praising god
most deuoutly till they came to the high altar againe,
wheron they did place the sd Image there to remaine
until! the assencion day.
There was a nother crosse of Xpall* that serued for
euerve day in the weeke, there was borne before the crosse
euerve principall day a holy water font [fatt, H. 45]
of siluer* uery finely grauen and pcell gilt, which one of
the nouices* did carrye.
(VII. The Quire — Almeries* — Letterns — Basins.)
In the north side of the quire there is an almerye neere
to the high altar fastened in the wall for to lav any thinge
in ptaininge to the high altar. Likewise there is another
almerye in the south side of the quire nigh the high altar
enclosed in the wall to sett the challices the basons and the
crewetts in that they did minister withal! at the high masse
with locks and keys for the said almerves.
At the jiorth end of the high altar, there was a goodly
fine letteron [Lettern, H. 45] of brasse where they sunge
the epistle and the gospell,* with a gilt pellican on the
height [Topp, H. 45] of it* finely gilded pullinge hir bloud
out hir breast to hir young ones, and winges spread
abroade wheron did lye the book that they did singe the
epistle and the gosple, it was thought to bee the goodlvest
[fairest, H. 45] letteron of brasse (12) that was in all this
cuntrye it was all to bee taken in sunder with wrests euerv
ioynt from other, [it went all in hemes' to take asonder
att plesure, 1 1. 45 J.
14 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Cos., Also ther was lowe downe in the quere another Lettorn
of brasse (not so curiously wroughte) standinge in the midst*
against the stalls, a marueilous faire one, with an eagle on
the height of it, and hir winges spread a broad wheron the
monkes did lay theire bookes when they sung theire
legends, at mattens or at other times of seruice.
[where the Moncks did singe ther Legends at Mattins &
other tymes. Wch same stood theire* vntill ye yeare 1650
when yL" Scotts were sent prisoners from Dunbarr feight ' and
putt prisoners into ye Church where they burned vpp all ye
wood worke* in regard they hadd noe Coales allowed them :
And ther was a fellowe one Brewen appointed to looke to
ye Scotts by Sr Arthure Haslerigg* barronett, then
Goiino1 of Newcastle & ye fower Northeran Counties wch
conveyed the sd brasse letterne & Eagle away & many
other thinges apptayninge to ye Church & sould them for
his owne gaine, a man of a badd conscience & a Cruell
fellowe to ye poore prisoners.* H. 45, c. 1655].
Before the high altar within the quire aboue mentioned
were 3 marueilous faire siluer basins* [att ye stepps as one
goes vpp, H. 45] hung in chaines of siluer, one of them did
hange in the south side of the quire aboue the stepps that
go upp to the high altar, the second on the north side
opposite to the first the third in the midst betweene them
both and iust before the high altar, theise 3 siluer basons
had lattin basons within them hauinge pricks for serges or
gilt wax candles to stand on, the lattin basons beinge to
receiue the drops of the 3 candles, wch did burne continually
both day and night, in token that the house was alwayes
watch inge to god.
Ther was also another siluer bason which did hang in
siluer chaines before the sacrament of the foresd high altar
but nerer to the high altar then the other 3. as almost
dependinge or hanging ouer the priests back, which was
only lighted in time of masse and therafter extinguished.
(VIII. The Quire — Ludovick de Bellomonte.)
Ludovick de Bellomonte* Bpp of Durha lyeth buried
before the high altar in the quire beneath the stepps that
goe upp to the sd high altar, under a most curious and
LUDOVICK DE BELLOMONTE. 1 5
sumptvus marble storm* wch he ppared for himselfe before MS- Cos.,
hee dyed beinge adorned with most excellent workman-( 13)
shipp of brasse wherein hee was most excellently and liuelv
pictured as hee was accustomed to singe or say masse with
his mitre on his head, and his crosiers staffe in his hand
with two angells finely pictured, one of the one side of his
head and the other on the other side with censors in theire
hands sensinge him conteining most exquisite pictures,
and Images of the 12 apostles deuided and bordered of
cither side of him and next them is bordered on either side
of the 12 apostles in a nother border the pictures of his
ancestors in theire coat armour beinge of the blond rovall
of france, and his owne amies of france beinge a white lvon
placed uppon the breast of his uestment, beneath his uerses
of his breast* with flower debtees about the lyon, 2 lyons
pictured one under the one foote of him and another under
the other of him supportinge and holdinge upp his crosiers
staffe his feete adioyninge and standinge uppon the said
lyons and other two lyons beneath them in the nethermost
border of all, beinge most artificially wrought and sett forth
all in brasse marueilously beautifyinge the sd through
of marble* wherin was engrauen in brasse such diuine and
celestiall sayinge of the scripture wch hee had peculiarly
selected for his spirituall consolation at such time as it
should please god to call him out of his mortalitie, wherof
some of them" are legeable to this day, as theise that
follow,
Epitaphium* eius. „.
In Gallia natus de bello monte
iacet hie Lodouicus humatus
Nobilis ex fonte
Regum comitumque creatus
Prassull in hac sede Ca^li letetur in ede
Preteriens siste memorans quantus fuit iste
Ca^lo qua dignus iustus pius atq' benignus
Dapsilis ac hilaris inimicus semper amaris*
Sup caput.
Credo quod redemptor metis uiuit qui in nouissimo
die me resuscitabit ad uitam eternani, et in carne
mea uidebo ileum saluatorem meum.
l6 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS- Cos-- In pectore.
Reposita est hasc spes mea in sinu meo Domine
miserere
Ad dextram
(14) Consors sit Sanctis Lodouicus in arce tonantis
Ad sinistram
Spiritus ad Christum qui sanguine liberat ipsum.*
(IX. The Quire — The Organs).
There was 3 paire of organs belonginge to the said quire
for maintenance of gods seruice, and the better selebratinge
therof one of the fairest paire of the 3 did stand ouer the
quire dore only opened and playd uppon at principall
feastes, the pipes beinge all of most fine wood, and
workmanshipp uerye faire partly gilted uppon the inside
and the outside of the leaues* and couers up to the topp
with branches and flowers finely gilted with the name of
Jesus [J H S., H. 44] gilted with gold there was but 2 paire
more of them in all England of the same makinge, one
paire in Yorke and another in Paules, ^
[but ther was a paire att ye cominge in of ye Scottes
1640* farr exceeded all wch they destroyed, H. 45].
also there was a letterne of wood* like unto a pulpit
standinge and adioyninge- to the wood organs ouer the
quire dore, where they had wont to singe the 9 lessons* in
the old time on principall dayes standinge with theire faces
towards the 9 altars {altered to high altar).1
The second paire stood on the north side of the quire
beinge neuer playd uppon but when the 4 doctors of the
church was read,* viz. Augustine Ambrose Gregorye and
Jerome beinge a faire paire of large organs called the
cryers.*
The third paire* was dayly used at ordinary seruice.
(X. The Quire — Book of Benefactors, Relics, &c.)
There did lye on the high altar an excellent fine [faire
rich, H. 45] booke* uerye richly couered with gold and
siluer conteininge the names of all the benefactors towards
Sl Cuthberts church from the first originall foundation
1 MSS. H. 44, L., have " high altar" ; C. has " the Alter."
THE NORTH' ALLEY OF THE QUIRE. 17
thereof, the uerve letters for the most part beinge all gilded My- Cos-
as is apparent in the said (15) booke till this day the
layinge that booke on the high altar did show how highly
they esteemed their founders and benefactors, and the
dayly and quotidian remembrance they had of them in the
time of masse and diuine seruice did argue not onely their
gratitude, but also a most diuine and charitable affection to
the soules of theire benefactors as well dead as liuinge,
which booke* is as vett extant declaringe the sd use in the
inscription thereof. There is also another famous booke* :
as yett extant conteininge the reliques Jewe(l)s ornaments
and uestments that were giuen to the church by all those
founders for the further adorninge of gods seruice whose
names were of record in the said booke that dyd lye uppon
the high altar, as also they are recorded in this booke of
the afore said reliques and Jewells to the euerlastinge
praise and memorye of the giuers and benefactors therof.
(XL) The north allye of the quire.
At the east end of the north alley of the quire betwixt
two pillars opposite was the goodlyest fake porch wch was
called the Amanchoridge hauinge in it a marueillous faire
roode with the most exquisite pictures of Marye and John
with an altar for a monke to say dayly masse beinge an1
antient time inhabited with an Anchorite, wherunto the
Pretors2 were wont much to frequent both for the
excellency of the place as also to heare the masse standinge
so conueniently unto the high altar, and withall so neere
a neighbour to the sacred shrine of S1 Cuthbert, wherunto
the Prior(s) were most deuoutly adicted the entrance to
this porch or Anchoridge was upp a paire of faire staires*
adiovninge to the north dore of St. Cuthberts feretorie,
under the wch staires the pascall did lye,* and in the time of
lent the children of the aumerie* were enioyned to come
thither daylye to dresse trim' and make it bright against
yu pascall feast.
1 Read "in."
II. 44 also Has this mistake; read "Priors,'' as below, in L, and C,
and in tin- editions.
1 8 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Cos., in this north allye of the Quire betwixt 2 pillars on the
south side before Sl Blese altar (afterwards called Skirlawes
Altar) lyeth buryed Walter Skirlawe Bpp of Durh4 under a
faire marble stone'' uery sumptuously [curiously, H. 45]
besett with many brasen Images, [brasse pictures, H. 45]
hauinge his owne Image [picture, H. 45] most artificially
portred in brasse in the midst therof with this sainge
engrauen uppon his brest, (16)
Credo quod redemptor metis uiuit et in die
nouissimo de terra surrecturus sum et in came mea
uidebo deum saluatorem meum.
[the place of his sepulcher was in Ancyent tyme invy-
roned wth Irons' artificially wrought but of late tyme his
body was taken vpp and interred before y high alter &* the
same stone layde over hym and a stall1 or pewe placed
theire for gentlewomen" to sitt in, H. 45. His body was
not removed"' onely the stone,' H. 45, marg. note in a later
hand].
Right ouer the entrance of this north Allye goinge to the
song scoole* which scople was heretofore the segresters
exchequer,* ther was a porch adioyninge to the quire* on
the south and Sl Bendicts altar* on the north the porch
hauinge in it an altar and the roode or picture of our
sauiour, wch altar and roode was much frequented in
deuotion of Dtr Swallwell* sometime monke of Durham
the said Rood hauinge marueilous sumptuous furniture for
festiuall dayes belonginge to it.
(XII.) The south allye of the quire.
At the east end of the south allye of the quire opposite to
the foresd porch in the north allye was a most faire roode
or picture* of our sauiour in siluer called the black Roode
of Scotland* brought out of holy Rood house," by Kinge
- Dauid Bruce and was wonn at the battaile of Durham
-with the picture of our ladye on the one side, and Sl Johns
on the other side uerye richly [wrought]2 in siluer all 3
hauinge crownes of gold with a deuice or wrest" to
take them of or on beinge adorned with fine wainscote.
1 Underlined. - Added secunda manu.
THE SOUTH ALLEY OF THE QUIRE. ' 19
L.
56.
[At y Hast end of the South Alley adjoyning to the Ms- '
pillar next S' Cuthberts Feretorie, next the Quire door on
the south side there was a most fair Roodc or picture of
our Saviour,' called the black rood of Scotland with the
picture of Mary & lohn being brought out of holy rood
house in Scotland by King David Bruce, and was wonnc
at the battle of Durham with the picture of our Lady on
the one side of our Saviour and the picture of Sl lohn on
the other side, the which Rood and pictures were all three
very richly wrought in silver, the which were all smoked
black over, being large pictures of a Yard and five quarters
long, and on every one of their heads, a Crowne of pure
bett gold of goldsmiths work with a devise or wrest to take
them of or on. And on the backside of the said rood and
pictures, there was a peice of work that they were fastned
unto being all adorned with fine Wainscot work and
curious painting well befitting such costly pictures from
the middle pillar (middle piller, C. ; midst of the Pillar,
Dav.) up to the height of the Vault, the which wainscott
was all redd Varnished over very finely, and all sett full
of starres of Lead, every starre finely guilted over with
gold, and also the said roode and pictures had every
of them an Iron stickt fast in the back part of the said
Images that had a hole in the said Irons, that went
through the Wainscott to put in a pinn of Iron to make
them fast to the Wainscott. L., C]
Thomas Hattfeild Bpp of Durham lyeth buried ouer
against the Reuestrye doore in the south Allye of the
quire betwixt 2 pillars under the bPPs seate* wch hee did (17)
make before hee died his tombe beinge all of Alabaster,*
whereunto was adioyned a little altar" which hee prepared
for a monke to say masse for his soule after his death the
Altar beinge inuironed with an iron grate. [This nioiuim'
remaynes still undefaced, H. 45. His scutcheon, Azure a
ehevoron or betwixt ,^ lyons ramp1 argent, 1 1. 45, _"/" man it. \
Within this South alley of the quire was the uestrye
[Revestrie, L., Dav.] wher the BPP or his sufraigne had a
peculiar Altar* where they did use to say masse onely at
such times as they were to consecrate priests, or to giue
any holv orders.
20 RITES OF DURHAM.
v
MS. Cos., (XIII.) The Crosse alive* of the lanthorne before the
C. IO20. J
quire dore goinge north and south.
In the former part* of the quire of either side the west
dore or cheife entrance therof without the quire dore in the
lanthorne were placed in theire seuerall roomes' one aboue
another the most excellent pictures, all gilted uerye
beautifull to behould of all the kinges and queenes," as well
of Scotland as England which weere deuout and godly
founders and benefactors of this famous Church and sacred
monument of Sl Cuthbert to incite and prouoke theire
posteritie to the like religious endeauours in theire seuerall
successions whose names hereafter followeth.*
Edgarus rex Scotorum
Katherina regina Angliae
Dauid Broys rex Scotorum
Richardus secundus rex Scotorum1
Alexander rex Scotorum
Henricus quartus rex Angliae
Richardus primus rex Angliae
Alexander rex Scotorum
Matilda regina Angliae
Dauid rex Scotorum
Eduardus 3 rex Angliae
Henricus 2 rex Angliae
Eduardus primus rex Angliae
Henricus quintus rex Angliae
Alexander rex Scotorum
Sibilla regina Scotorum
Gulielmus Rufus rex Angliae
Richardus tertius rex Angliae
Gulielmus conquestor rex Angliae
Heraldus rex Angliae
(18) Johannes rex Angliae
Eduardus secundus rex Angliae
Ethelstanus rex Angliae
Stephanus rex Angliae
Matilda regina Angliae
Kenute rex Angliae
1 So in MSS. Cosin and H. 44, but corrected to "Angliae" in the
editions. MS. L. has '* Anglorum," MS. C, "Angliae,"
THE CROSS ALLEY OF THE LANTERN. CI
Melcomus rex Scotorum -Ms- lns-.
Dunconus rex Scotorum
Henricus 3 rex Angliae
Helinora regina Anglian
Henricus primus Angliaj rex
Elinora regina Anglian
Melcomus rex Scotorum
Gulielmus rex Scotorum.
[Some Mds {memorandums) owte of yc recordes of yc MS. H. 45,
Church of Durham wch my ould booke wolde not contayne. c" ' ss"
Att ye entrance of ye Ouier doore the pictures or statues
of ye seilall Benefactors and founders of ye Church of
Durham dedicated to Sl Cuthbert were placed whose names
are thus
Edgarus rex Scotor
Catherina regina Angli
David Bruce rex Scot
Ric'us prim', rex Angli
Alexander rex Scotor'
Hencus quartus rex Ang
Matilda regina Angl
Edr'us 3 rex Angli
Henr: 2 rex Angli
Eds primus rex Ang
Henr: 5 rex Angli
Sibilla regina Scotor'
Willms rufus rex Ang
Ric'us 3 rex Angli
Willms conquestor rex Anglie
Harold' rex Anglie
Joh'es rex Anglie
Edr'us 2 rex Angli
Ethelstan rex Anglie
Steph : rex Anglie
Matilda regina Anglie
Canutus rex Anglie
Malcolme rex Scotor'
Duncanus rex Scotor'
Henr: 3 rex Anglie
22 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. H. 45, (io^ Elinora regina Anglie
Henr: prim^ rex Anglie
Willms rex Scotor' H. 45].
MS. Cos., jn tjie lanthorne called the new worke* was hanging^
c. 1620. . fe &
there 3 fine [goodly, H. 45] bells which bells was runge
euer at midnight at 12 of the clock, for the monkes went
euermore to theire mattens at that houre of the night, there
was 4 men appointed to ringe the said bells at midnight,
and at all such other times of the day as the monkes went
to serue god, two of the sd men apperteininge to the
uestrye wch allwayes kept the copes with the uestments and
fiue paire of siluer sensors with all such goodly ornaments
pteininge to the high Altar which 2 men did lye euerye
night in a Chamber ouer the west end of the sd uestrye' and
the other 2 men did lye euerye night within the scl church
in a chamber in the north allye* ouer against the sextons
Checker : theise 2 men did alwayes sweepe and keepe the
church cleanly and did fill the holy water stones* euerye
Sunday in the morninge with cleane water before it came to
be hallowed,* and did lock in the church dores euerye
night.
Also there is standinge in the south pillar of the quire
doore of the lanthorne in a corner of the sd pillar a foure
squared stonn wch hath beene finely wrought in euerye
square* a faire large Image, whereon did stand a foure
squared stone aboue that wch had 12 cressetts wrought in
that stone wch was filled with tallow" and euerye night one
of them was lighted" when the day was gone, and did burne
to giue light to the monkes at midnight when they came to
mattens.
(XIV.) The north allye of the lantren.
John Washington* prior of Durha lyeth buryed under a
faire marble stone with his uerses [Epitaphe, H. 45]
engrauen in brasse uppon it, before the porch ouer the
entrance of the north allye as you goe to the song scoole
adioyninge to Sl Bendicts altar.
AN ANCIENT MEMORIAL. 2 7,
Robert Berington* de Walworth prior of Durham did Ms- Cos.,
first obtaine the use of the mitre with the staffe, lice Iveth
buryed under a faire marble stone beinge pictured from the
waste upp in brasse on the north side of prior Washington
in the north plage" ouer against S1 Benedicts altar, beinge
the first of the 3 Altars in the north plage.
Next to Sl Benedicts altar on the north is Sl Gregoryes
altar beinge the second altar. (20)
(XV.) An auntient1 memoriall collected forthe of ye Roil,
., ' c. 1600.
best antiquaries concerni g ye battel 1 at durh'm
in John Fossour tyme.
[A collec'on forth of the best Antiquities of Durham
church of yc battell fought theireag1 Daved Bruce kinge of
Scottf and his brother in ye tyme yl John Forcer was Lord
Prior : wch was thus. H. 45].
In the night before ye battell of Durhm stricken & begun
[was petched, H. 45] the xvij [xviijth, H. 45] daie of October,
An° d'ni 1346. ther did appeare to Johne Fossour then por
of ye abbey at Durhm, a visio, cofnanding him to taike ye
holie corporax cloth, wch was wthin ye corporax* wherew1'1
Sl Cuthb: did cover the chalice when he vsed to say masse,
and to put ye same holie Relique like vnto a ban clothe
[banner cloth, Cos.] vpo (a) speare point, & on ye morrowe
after to goe & repaire to a place on ye west pte of ye citie of
Durhm called yc Readhillf* And there to remayne & abyde
till ye end of ye said battell, to wch visio ye por obeyinge,
& taiking ye same for a Revelac'6 of gods grace & nicy by
ye medyac'on of holie Sl Cuthb: did accordingly early in V
next morninge together wlh y Mounkf of ye said abbay,
repaire to y* said place called ye Readhillt.' there most
devoutly humbling [themselues, Cos.] & pstrating them
selves in praier* for yc victorie in ye said battell, a
great multitude and nombcr of scottf Runing & pressinge
by them both one waie and other, wlh intentio to
haue spoiled them, but yett they had no power or
1 In the MS. this word is written exactly like "anntient," bvit elsewhere
the undoubted it is like a carefully written ». hence the erroneous reading
"monnckes," frequently occurring in the edition ot 1S42. Sometimes it is
written like " monukes."
24 RITES OF DURHAM.
Roll, suffrance to cofnytt any violence & force vnto (21) such
holie psons so occupied in praiers, being ptected &
defended by yc mightie pvidence of almightie god, and by
ye mediac'6 of holy Sr Cuthb: & yc psence of ye saide holie
Relique. And after many conflictf & warlike exploitf
there had and donne betwixte ye englishe men and ye
kinge of scottf & his company the said battell ended* and
ye victorie was obteyned to ye great outhrowe and confusio
of ye scottf there enemyes. And then ye said por &
mounkes accumpaned wth Raphe L : Neivell [al's Daw
Raby, H. 45] & John Neivell his sonne, & ye Lord Percy,
& many other worthie nobles of england returned home &
went to ye abbay church, ther ioyninge in hartie praier &
thankes geving to god, & holie S: cuthbert for ye conquest
& victorie atchived that daie.* In wch said battell A holy
cross wh(ich) was taken out of holie rudehouse* [in Eding-
brough, H. 45] in Scotland by king david bruce was wonne
& taiken [vpon, H. 45] ye said king of Scotland at ye said
battell, wch crosse by most auncyent & credible writers is
recorded* to haue corned to ye said king most myraculous-
lie, & to haue hapned & chaunced in to his hand being a
hunting at ye wylde harte in a forrest nygh Eddenbrowghe
vpo Holy Rude daie, comonlie called ye exaltac'on of yc
crosse, ye said kinge seued & pted fro his nobles and
company, suddenly there appered vnto him (as it seamed)
a most faire harte runninge towards him in a full & spedy
course, wch so affraid ye kingf horse, that he violently
coursed away, whome ye harte so fercely and swiftlye
followed, that he baire forciblie both ye king & his horse
to ground who so being dismayd dyd cast backe his handt
betwixt ye Tyndf of ye said harte to stay him selfe, and then
and there most strangly slypped into yc kinges handes
ye said crosse most wonderously, at ye veiwe wherof
ifliediatelye ye hart vanished away, and neu after was
seane no ma knowing certenly what mettell or wood ye said
crosse was mayd of. In ye place wherin this miracle was
so wroughte, doth now spring a fountaine called ye Rude
well.* And ye next night after ye said crosse so bechanced
vnto hym, the said king was charged & warned in his
sleape by a visio to buyld an abbey in ye same place wch
AN ANCIENT MEMORIAL. 25
he most deligentlie observing, as a true message from god Ro11,
almightie, did send for workemen into f ranee & Maimers,
who at there cuinyng weare reteyned, & dyd buyld & erect
v said abbey accordinglie, wch yc king caused to be
furnished wth Chanons Reguler & dedicated y same in y
honor of ye cross, and placed ye said crosse moste
sumptuouslie & richly in y said abbey, ther (22) to
remayne as a most renowmed monu,m & so there remayned,
till yc said King" cumynge toward f yc said battell, dyd
bring vt upd him as a most myraculous & fortunate
relique, \otwthstandinge that ye said kinge ye said nighte
before he addressed him forwarde to ye said battell, was in
a dreame admonished, that in any wise he should not
attempt to spoile or violate yc churche goods of Sl Cuth :
or anv thinge yl appteyned vnto that holie Sl, wch for that
he moste contemptuously and psumptuously dyd disdayne
& contemne, violating and distroyinge so much as he
could ye said goodf and lands belonging to Sl Cuth: was
not onely punished by god almighty, by his owne
captivitie being taiken at the said battell in ye feild and
therin very sore wounded having first valiantly fought, &
wlh him were taken foure earles, two lordes, [eleaven
Lords, H. 45] ye Archbushoppe of Sl Andrewes, one
other bushopp one knight wth many others, In wch battell
were slaine [ye kings brother, H. 45] seaven earles of
Scotland besydf many lords and scotishmen, to the
noumber of one and other fifteane thousand & also lost ye
saide1 crosse wch was taiken vpo him,* & many other most
wourthie & excellent JewelltJ & monum'f wch wea(re)
brought from Scotland as his owne bann & other noble-
mens auficientes," [his owne Banner beinge ye Royall
standerd, wth many more Colours, H. 45] wdl all weare
offred vp at vc shryne of Sl Cuth : for yc bewtifiynge &
adorninge therof, together wlh ye blacke Rude o( Scotland
(so tearmed) wth Mary and John, maid of silver, being as
yt weare smoked all oil, wch was placed & sett vp most
exactlie in v piller next Sl Cuthb: shrine in ye sou.th alley
of yc said abbey. Shortelie after ye said P'or caused a
' A lino redundant here al a joining of the paper, viz., " inge taiken at
yt said battell, btu also loste the said.
26 RITES OF DURHAM.
Roll, goodly and sumptuous ban to be maid & wth pippes of
silu* to be put on a staffe, beinge fyve yerdf longe,*
wth a device to taike of and on yc said pipes at pleasure, &
to be keapt in a chyste in yL> ferretorie when they weare
taken downe, wch ban was shewed & caried in yc said
abbey on festivall and pncipall daies, on ye highte of ye
oumost pipe, was a faire ptie crosse of silver and a wand
of siluer,* having a fyne wroughte knopp of silver at either
end, that went outwhart ye bann cloth, wherevnto ye ban
clothe was fastned & tyed, wch wand was of ye bignes of a
mans fynger, and at either end of ye said wande there
was a fyne silver bell, the wand was fest by the myddle to
ye ban staffe hard vnder yc crosse, ye ban cloth was a
yerd brode, & five q^ters deape, & ye nether pt of it
was indented in five ptf, & (23) frenged, and maid
fast* wth all about wth read silke and gold. And
also ye said ban cloth was maid of read velvett of both
sydes most sumptuously imbrodered & wrought wth
flowres of grene silke & gold, and in ye mydes of ye
said ban cloth wras ye sayde holie relique & Corporax cloth
inclosed and placed yer in, wch Corporax cloth was covered
over wth white velvett half a yerd square eiiy way, having
a red crosse of read velvett on both sydes over yc same
holie Relique most artificiallie and cunyngly compiled &
framed, being fynely fringed about ye edge & scirtf wth
frenge of read silke and gold & iij litle fyne silver bellf fest
to ye scirtf of ye said ban cloth like vnto sackring bellf *
& so sumptuouslie finished and absolutelye pfitted, was
dedicated to holie Sl Cuthb: of intent & purpose that ye
same should be alwaies after psented & carried to any
battell as occasio should serve, and wch was (never)1 caryed
or shewed at any battell, but* by ye especiall grace of god
almightie, & ye mediac'6 of holie Sl Cuthb: it browghte
home ye victorie. Wdl ban cloth after ye Dissoluc'6
[suppression, H. 45] of ye Abbey fell in to ye possessio of
one Deane Whittingha,* whose wife called Katherin being
a freanche woma (as is most credablely reported by those
' Not in Roll, inserted sent it do iiinnii in Cos. MS. ; "which was carried
and shewed at any battell by yc especiall,'* etc., H. 44 ; the passage is
condensed in H. 45; L., C, and editions have, rightly, " never— but," etc.
AN ANCIENT MEMORIAL. 27
wch weare eye wittnesses) did most iniuriously burne* & ^°J'«
...... ' a C. I faOO.
cosume yc same in hir lire in the notable contempt iv
disgrace of all auncyent cS: goodly Reliques. Further on
the West syd of ye Citie of Durhm there was a most notable
famous & goodly larg Cross of stone worke erected & sett
vppe to ye bono of god & for yc victorie had thereof,
shortly after ye battell of Durh™ in ye same place where yc
battel! was fowghte called & knowen by ye name of
Xeivellt' Crosse* \vch was sett vpp at ye cost and charg(J of
the Lo : Raph Xevell being one of yc most excellent and
cheiffe in ye said battell & feild, wch crosse had 7 step!'
aboute yt euy way . 4 . squared to ye Sockett that the stalke
of yc crosse did stand in, wch Sockett was mayd fast to a . 4 .
squared brod stone, being ye sole or bottom stone of a large
thicknes that yL> sockett dyd stand vpo wch is a yeard & a
half square about euy way, wch stone was one of ye steppes
& ye viij° in number. Also ve said Sockett was maid fast
wth Iro & lead to ye sole stone in euy syde of y° Corn of ye
said sockett stone wdl was . 3 . quarters deppe & a yerd & a
quarter square about euy way. And yc stalke of ye crosse
goinge vpward Conteyned in length . 3 . yerdf & a halfe vp
to ye Bosse, being viij° square about all of one holl (24)
peece of stone from ye Sockett yl yt did stand in, to the bosse
aboue, into ye wch Bosse ye said stalke was deply sowdered
wth lead & sowder. And in ye mydest of yc stalke in etiy
second square was yc Xevellf crosse* in a scoutchio being \'L'
Lo : Xevells armes fynely cut out & wrought in ye said stalke
of stone. Also yc nether end [part, Cos.] of ye stalke was
soudered depe in ve hole of ve sockett v1 it did stand in \vlh
lead & sowder, and at euy of ye . 4 . Cornt of yc said Sockett
belowe was one of ye pictures of yc • 4 ■ evangelist^* being
Mathewe, Marke, Luke, & Johne, verie fynly sett forth
& carved in stone mason worke, and on ye hight of vc said
stalke did stand a moste large fyne Bosse of stone, being
.8. square Rownde about fynly cut out & bordered &
Diveylous Curiously wrought. And in etiv square of v°
neither syde of the bosse in y° mason worke was vc
Xeivells Crosse in a scutchio in one square, & ye Bulls
head* having no scutchio in an other square, & so
28 RITES OF DURHAM.
Ro,1> contynued [conteined, Cos.] in euy square after ye same
°" sorte Rownd about ye Bosse, & on ye hight of the said
Bosse having a stalke of stone being a crosse standing a
li tie higher then the rest wch was sowdered deply wth lead
& sowder into ye holl of ye said bosse aboue, wheron was
fynely cut out & pictured on both sydes of ye stalke of the
said Crosse the picture of o savio christ crucified wth his
armes stretched abrod, his hand\ nayled to ye crosse and
his feete being naled vpo ye stalke of ye said crosse belowe,
almost a qMer of a yerd from aboue ye Bosse, wth the
picture of or Lady the blessed Virgen Mary of ye one syde
of him & the picture of Sl John the Evangeliste on yc
other syde most pitifully lamenting & beholding his
tormlf aud cruell deathe standinge both on ye highte of ye
said Bosse. All wch pictures was very artificially &
curiously wrought all together & fynly carved out of one
hole entyre stone some pt therof thorowgh carved worke
both on yc east syde & ye west syde of ye said crosse, wlh a
cover of stone likewise oil there headf being all most fynly
& curiously wrought to gether out of ye said holl stone,
wch cover of stone was coiled all oil very fynly wth lead.
And also in token and remebrance of ye said battell of
Durhm & to yc ppetuall memory & hone of ye L. Nevell
and his posteritie for e\i &1 was2 temed by the title & name
of Neivelli crosse ; wch so did there stande & remayne
most notorious to all passingers till of laite in ye yeare of
o' L. god 1589. in ye nighte tyme ye same was broken
downe & defaced by some lewde & contemptuous wicked
(25) psons there vnto encouraged (as it semed) [seemeth,
Cos.] by some who loveth christe ye worse for ye crosse
sake, as vtterly & spitefullie dispising all aucyent cere-
monies and monum'f.
And further in ye said place called the Read hillf lying
on yc north syde of ye said neivellf crosse, a litle distant
from a pece of grownd called ye flashe* aboue a close lying
hard by north Chilton poole* and on yc north side of ye
hedge where ye maydes bower* had wont to be where ye
1 MSS. Cos., L., C, and H. 44 have "and," but editions have "it."
- The words "posteritie" to "was" are repeated at a joining of the
paper.
AN ANCIENT MEMORIAL. 29
said por* & Mounkf standings & making ther praiers to Ro,1i
god wth y* liolie Relicke of Sl Cuthbcrt during V tyme of
ye said battel 1, & after ye said battel 1 finished & victorie
atchived [there, Dav.] was erected & sett vp by yL' said
por & Mounkf a faire crosse of Wood* in yc same place
where thev standing wth yv holie Relike made ther praiers
in token & Remembrance of ye said holy Relique of Sl
Cuthb : wch they carved to ye battell, wch being a faire
crosse of wood fynely wrought & verie larg & of highte
two yeardf wch there long stoode & contynued by y
remembrance of many now lyving, wher ye said P'or and
Mounkf eu after, in memory of the said holy Relique
after the said victorie atchived dyd (in there tymes of
recreac'6 as they went and came to & from Bearepke" to ye
Monasterie and Abbey of Durhm) make there humble and
sollemne praiers to god and holie Sl Cuthb: at the foote of
ye said crosse* in ppetuall prays & memory for ye said
(victory)1 and recoverie of the said battell. Tyll it was
nowe of laite wthin thes xxxv° yeres soddenly defaced &
throwne downe by some lewde disposed psonns, who
dispised the antiquetie and worthynes of monumentt after
the suppressio of Abbeys, and the collection of this
memoriall Antiquetie was in the yeare of (our) Lord god
A thowsand five hundreth Nyntie & thre.
John Fossour* was the first* por that eu attempted to
be buried wthin the abbey church out of the Centorie garth*
he was buryed in the North plage [vnder the North
window in ye Lanterne Alley, H. 45] before the alter of Sl
Nicholas and Sl Giles, being the last of the iij Alters in
the North plage toward f the North, [ye furthest North of
ye former before named, H. 45J over whome was laid a
curyous and sumptuous nible stone [beinge coiled wlh a
faire Marble stone, H. 45J which he had prepared in his
liffe tyme ingraven in Brasse with his owne linage and
Immagerie Wourke [in brasse, Cos.] upo yt, with the xij
apostiles devided and bordered of either syde of him w1'1
there pictures in Brasse.
* This word is partly destroyed and not legible in the Roll, but what is
left hardly looks " victory," which is the reading of MSS. Cos., L., C, and
H. 44, and of the editions,
30 RITES OF DURHAM.
Roil, (26) (XVI.) The South Allev of ve Lantren.*
C. IOOO.
Johne Hemmyngbrowghe,* por of Durhm, lieth
buried in ye south plage on the right hand as yow goe to
ye Revestre vnder a faire nible stone, with his picture
Curiouslie ingrave vpo it, (having the xij Apostles
pictured, of either syde of hym vj° in brasse with other
Imagerie woorke aboue his head), before the alter of our
Ladye, alias Howghels Alter,* being the first of the iij
alters in ye south plage [in ye walke, H. 45].
Will'm Ebchester* Prior of Durhm lyethe buryed in the
south alley vnder a faire marble stone before the Ladie of
Boultons alter,* wth his vercis or epetath ingraven vpon
the saide stone in Brasse, which stone was taiken vp there
& removed, and lyeth nowe before the queir door, the said
alter being ye second of ye iij alters in that plage oil ye
wch alter was a m'veylous lyvelye and bewtifull linage of
the picture of our Ladie socalled the Lady of boultone,
whiche picture was maide to open wth gynif [2 leaves, H.
45] from her breaste [breasts, Cos.] downdward. And wth
in ye said image was wrowghte and pictured the linage of
our saviour,* nivevlouse fynlie gilted houldinge vppe his
handes, and holding betwixt his handes a fair & large
crucifix of christ all of sold, the whiche Crucifix was to be
taiken fourthe eiiy good fridaie,* and eiiy man [Moncke,
H. 45] did crepe vnto it that was in yl churche as that
Dave. And ther after vt was houng vpe againe within the
said immage and eiiy principall Daie the said immage
was opened that euy man might se pictured within her,
the father, the sonne, and the holy ghost, moste curiouslye
and fynely gilted. And both the sides wthin her verie
fynely vernyshed with grene vernishe and flowres of
goulde whiche was a goodly sighte for all the behoulders
therof, and vpo the stone that she did stand on in under*
was drawen a faire crosse vpo a scutchon cauled the
Neivellf cross the wch should signyfye that the neivells
hath borne the charges of ytt.
Robert Ebchester* P'or of Durhm lyeth buriede vnder a
faire nible stone with his picture and his versis frome the
waiste vpe in brass before the said La: Boulton alter.
TIIK SOUTH ALLEY OF THE LANTERN. 3 1
Next to the Lady of Bowltons alter on the southe was Roll,
Sacte fides alter and Sacte Thomas thapostelf beinge the L'
thirde alter in the south plage.
There ys [was, II. 45; is, L., C] a Lybrarie* in the south
angle of the Lantren whiche is nowe above the Clocke*
standinge betwixt (27) the Chapter house and the Te Deuni
wyndowe being well Replenished' with ould written
Docters and other histories and ecclesiasticall writers.
In the north end of ye allei of the Lantrene ther is a
goodlie faire larg & lightsum glass wyndowe havinge
in it xij faire long pleasant & most bewtifull lights being
maid & buylte wlh fyne stone & glas wch in the ould
tyme was gone to decaie, and ye por at that tyme called por
castell, dide Renewe it, & did buylt yt all vp enowgh
againe called the Wyndowe of the iiij Docters* of ye
churche wch hath vj long fair lightf of glas in yc upp
pte of ye said wyndowe [of the upper parts in the same
window, Cos.], And therin is pictured or blessed Ladie
wth ye picture of or savio christ in her armes, and the
picture of holie Sacte Cuthb: of ye weste syde of her
both wch pictures standing in ye myds of ye said wyndowe
in most fyne coulored glass, and of ye east syde of o'
Ladie is ij of ye Docters of ye church pictured, & other
ij of ye Docters pictured on the west syde of Sacte Cuth :
all being larg pictures & verie fynely & curiouslie sett
furth in fyne coulored glas. And ye picture of por
castell who did make ye hole coste of vc buylding of ve
said windowe both of stone and glasse as is aforesaid,
sytting on his kneis in fyne blewe glas in his habitt, &
holding vp his handes to or Ladie vnder ye feete of vL' said
blessed virgin marie whose I m mage standing abovee (?)
his heade savinge [sayinge, Cos. ; saying, L., C, H. 44, and
edd.| Virgo mater dei miserere mei. And other vj
faire leightt" in the foresaid wyndowe vnder or Ladie,
Sacte Cuthb: & y« foresaid Docters beneth theme being
verie fynly glaised wth ' all ye instrument of Christf death
sett in rownde [redd coulered, H. 45 ; round, L., C.J glasse
<S: wrowghte in fyne coulours in the said glasse wyndowe,
being all but one wyndowe
1 " d) iu-t( armes " erased.
32 RITES OF DURHAM.
[which has a Stone Gallery the breadth of the thickness
of the Wall at the division of the superiour Lights from
the inferiour, affording a Passage into the Roof of the
Sacrists Exchequer, and is supported by the Partitions of
the Lights made strong, and equally broad with the
Gallrey. Hunter s and Sanderson 's editions].
Roll, Also in ye southe end of the allei of ve Lantren aboue
c. 1600. ye clocke there is a faire large glasse wyndowe Caulede
the Te deum wyndowe* veri fair glased accordinge as
eiiy verse of Te deu is song or saide, so is it pictured in
ye wyndowe verie fynly and curiouslie wrowghte in fyne
colored glass wth all ye nyne order of Angells,* viz1 Thrones,
Dominations, Cherubins, etc. [viz1 Thrones Dominac'ons
Cherubims Seraphi Angells Archangells, H. 45] wth ye
pictur of Christ as he was vpon ye cross crucified, & ye
blessed Virgin Marie wth crist in her armes as he was
borne. (28)
(XVII.) Thes Monnumentes followinge weer placede
from ye Lantrene in ye mydest of ye churche
in there Seuall places till yowe
come to ye west ende of ye churche
ioyninge vpo ye Galleleie.
In the body of ye churche betwixt two of ye hiest pillors
supportinge & holding vp ye west syde of ye Lanterne
oil against ye quere dore, ther was an alter called Jesus
alter where Jh'us mess* was song euy fridaie thorowe out
ye whole yere. And of ye backsyde of ye saide alter there
was a faire high stone wall* and at either end of ye wall
there was a dore wch was lockt euy night called ye two
Roode Dores* for ye psessio to goe furth and come in at,
& betwixt those ij dores was Jh'us alter placed as is affore-
saide, & at either ende of ye alter was closed vp wth fyne
wainscott like vnto a porch* adioyni'ge to eyther roode
dore verie fynely vnished wth fyne Read vnishe and in
ye wainscott at ye south end of ye alter ther was iiij faire
almeries, for to locke ye chalices & sylver crewettf wth two
or thre sewtt of vestm'f* & other omamlf belonging to ye
MONUMENTS IN THE NAVE. 33
said alter for ye holie daies & pncipall daies, & in ye north Roll,
end of tlialter in v wainscott there was a dore to come in
to y said porch and a locke on yt to be lockt both daie
and nighte : Also yer was standing on ye alter against v
wall aforesaid a moste curiouse & fine table* wth ij leues
to open & clos againe all of ye hole Passio of o1 Lord Jesus
christ most richlye & curiously sett furth in most lyvelie
coulors all like ye burni'ge gold, as he was tormented & as
he honge on ye cross wch was a most lamentable sighte to
beholde. The wch table was alwaies lockt vp but onely on
pncipall daies. Also ye fore pte of ye said porch fro y
vtmoste corn1' of ye porch to ye other, ther was a dore wth
two brode leves* to ope fro syde to syde, all of fyne ioined
& through carved worke. The hight of yl was sumthinge
aboue a mans brest & in the highte of ye said dore, yl was
all stricke full of Irone pikf" yl no ma shold clyme oil wch
dore did hing all in gym't & claspf in ye insyde to
claspe theme. And on ye pncipall daies when any
of y mounkf said mess at that alter, then ye table was
opened wch did stand on ye alter, and ye dore wth two
leves wch stoode in ye fore pte of ye said closett or
porch was sett open also that euy ma might come
in & se ye said table in man1 and forme as (29) is
aforesaid. Also there was in ye hight of ye said wall
fro piller to piller ve whole storie & passio of o1 Lord
wrowghte in stone most curiously & most fynely gilte, and
also aboue v1' said storie & passio was all ye whole storie &
pictures of ye xij apostles verie artificiallye sett furth &
verie fvnelie gilte contening frome ye one piller to thother,
wrowght verie curiouslie & artificially in ye said stone,
and on ye hight aboue all thes foresaide storyes frome piller
to piller was sett vp a border very artificially wrowght
in stone wth m'velous fyne coulers verie curiouslie t\:
excellent fynly gilt wth branches & flow res y' more that a
ma did looke on it ye more [desires he had, and the greater,
Dav. \ was his afTectio to behold yt, y(' worke was so fynely
& curiously wroughte in y(' said stone yl it cold not be
fynelyer wrowght in any kynde ol other mettell, and also
aboue y hight of all vpo ye waule did stande yc most
goodly & famous Roode yl was in all this land, \vth v
34 RITES OF DURHAM.
Roll, picture of Marie on thone syde, & ye picture of John on
thother, wth two splendent & glisteringe archangelf one on
thone syde of Mary, & ye other of yc other syde of Johne,
so what for ye fairness of yL' wall ye staitlynes of ye pictures
& ye lyuelyhoode of ye paynting it was thowght to be one
of yL> goodliest monum'f' in that church.
Also on ye backsyde of ye said Rood before ye queir dore
there was a Loft,* & in ye south end of ye said loft y°
clocke" dvd stand, & in vnder ye said loft by ye wall there
was a long forme wch dyd reche fro ye one Roode dore to
yp other, where me dyd sytt* to rest theme selves on & say
there praiers & here devyne svice.
Also euy frydaie at nyghte after that ye evinsong was
done in ye queir there was an anthem song in ye bodye of
ye church before ye foresaid Jh'us alter called Jesus anthe*
wch was song eiiy frvdaie at nvght thorowghe out ye whole
yere by ve m1 of the quiresters & deacons of yc said church,
and when it was done then ye quirest'T did singe an other
anthe by them selues sytting on there kneis all ye tyme that
ther anthem was in singing before ye said Jesus alter wch
was verie devoutly song euy fridaie at nyghte by ye toulling
of one of ye Gallelei Belles.*
i. Thomas Castell* por of Durhm lyeth burved vnder
a faire mrble stone in ye body of ye church being pictured
fro ye waiste vp in Brass in yc mydest of yc stone wth his
vercis or epitath vpo yt before Jesus alter wher there was
on yc' north syde betwixt two pillers a looft for ye m1' &
quiresters to sing Jesus mess euy fridaie conteyni'ge a (30)
paire of orgaines" to play on, & a fair desk to lie there
bookes on in tyme of dyvin svice.
2. Johane Awckland* prio1', lyethe burved wthin the
Abbey church of Durhm.
3. John Burrnbie* por of Durh"1, lieth burved vnder a
fair m'ble stone pictured in brass from ye waiste vp beneth
ye north dour in yL' mydest of ye church not much distant
fro vr m'ble cross wlh his verces* or epitath adioyninge
therto.
THE FERETORY. 35
There is betwixt v(> piller o( v north syde wdl y holie Ro11.
Water stone did stand in, & y- piller that standeth oil
against yt of y south syde, fro thone of theme to y other
a Rowe of blewe m'ble, & in v mvdest of y(' said Row
ther is a eross of blewe m'ble, in toke yl all women that
came to here devine svice should not be suffered to come
aboue vc said cross, and if it chaunced yl anv women to
come aboue it wthin y body of ye church, thene, straighte
waxes she was taiken awaie and punshede for certaine
daies because there was neu women came where ye holie ma
S-'cte Cuthb : was, for v Reuence thei had to his sacred
bodie.
Also yf any woma chauched to come wthin ye abei gaitf or
wlhin any psvnckt of ve house, yf she had bene sene but
her lenth wthin anv place of ye saide house, she was taken
& sett fast and punished to gyve example to all others for
doyng ye Like.1
(XVIII.) The causes wherfore* women may not cu to
the fferretere of Sl Cuth : nor to enter within ye
q . . .
pcinct annexed in y" monasterye.
There are dyuf bookes written of ye lvffe & miracles of
that holy Confesso' Cuthbert ptlie written by the Irishe,
ptly by english men, and ptlie by scottishe men, being
not able to comphend ye same in one worke. For as
venerable beede reporteth in the Prologge of his booke wch
he wrote of ye liffe & miracles of Sl Cuth: that there weare
many other thingf nothing inferior to those wch he wrote
of yc liffe and vertews of that blessed ma, wrch weare related
vnto him, and weare commaunded to be had in ppetuall
memory, wch woorkes thowghe they weare not pfectlv
& delyberatlie finished yt was thought vnfitt & inconvenient
to insert or adde any newe matter, of wch bookf there is
one Intituled,* of the cumyng of Sl Cuth: into Scotland,
taiken (31) furth of the scottishe histories wherevpofi
emongh other thingf is sett downe the solitarie conversatio
of the said holie Sl Cuthb: in this manr as follow11'.
1 Here follows, in the Roll, at a joining- of the paper, the beginning of the
heading of ch. xix, erased.
36 RITES OF DURHAM.
Roll, Blessed S1 Cuthb: for a long tyme led a [most, Cos.]
" solitarie liffe in the borders of ye Pictf,* to wch place great
concourse of people daly vsed to visitt him, and from
whome, (by the evidence & grace of god) neu any returned
wthout great cumforth and consolatio : this caused both
yong & old to resorte vnto him, taking great pleasure both
to se him, & to heare him speake. In ye meane tyme yt
chanced yl the dawghter of y° Kinge of that pvince was
gott (with)1 child by some yong ma in her fathers house
whose belly swelling wlh her birth, wch when y° king
pceyved, dyligently examened her who was the author of
yl fact, vpo dewe examynatio wherof she maid this
answere. That solitarie young ma who dwelleth hereby
is he who hath overcu me, and wth whose bewty I am thus
disceived, wherevpo ye king furiouslye enradged presentlie
repayred wth his deflowred dawghter accumpaned wth
dyur knyghtes vnto ye solitary place where he psentlie
spake vnto ye svaunt of god in this raann. What are thowe
he, who vnder ve cullour of Relligio pphanest ye Temple
& Sanctuarie of god. art thowe he who vnder ye title &
pfessio of a solytarie liffe exerciseste all filthines of ye
world in Incest, behould here is my dawghter whom thowe
with thy deceitf hast corrupted, not fearing to make her
dishonest, therefore now at ye last openly confesse this thy
fait, and plainly declaire heare before this cumpany in
what sorte thow seduced her. the kinges dawghter mark-
inge ye ferce speaches of her father, more impodetlye
stepped furth and bouldly affirmed that it was he wch had
done that wicked deade. At wch thing yc yoiig ma greatly
amased pceiving that this forgery pceeded by the instigac'6
of ye Devell wherw1'1 he being browght into a great pplexetie,
applying his whole hart vnto almightie god said as
followeth. My Lord my god, who onely knowest, and
art ye sercher of all secrettf , make manifest also [all, H. 45]
this worke of iniquetie, and by some example approve
y' same, wch thowgh yl cannott be done by humane
pollecye, make it manifest by some dyvine Oracle. When
as y1' younge man wth grevous [greate, Cos.] lamentations
■ Omit led in MS.
THE NORTH ALLEY. 37
& teares, incredible to be reported, hadde spoken tbes Rol
wordf, evin soddenlie in ye selfe same place wher she stod
yc earth ther making a hissing noyse psentlie opened, and
.swallowed her vpe in y psence of all y beholders. This
place is cauled Corwen where she for her corruptio was
conveyed and caried into hell. So (32) sone as ye king
pceived this miraculous chaunce to happen in yc psence of
all his cumpany, began to be greatlie tormented in his
mynd, fearing least throwghe his threates, he should him
selfe encur ye like punyshment : Wherevpo he wth all his
cumpany humbly craving pdon of almightie god, wlh
further desire and petic'on to that good ma Sl Cuthb :
that by his payers he would crave at gods handf to haue
his dawghter again, to wch petie'd the said holie father
graunted vpo condic'6 that no woman after yx should haue
Resorte vnto him, wherevpo it came* that yc king did not
suffer anv woma to enter into any church dedecated to y'
Sl vV* to this daie is dewly obsved in all ye churches of ye
Pictt' W* weare dedicated to ye hono* of that holie ma.
(XIX.) The northe alley of ye bodie of ye Churche.
In ye north allei fro ye north church dor to ye crose
allei in yc myd(J of ye church called yc lantren alley where
ye lantren standeth in y° entrance of ye end of ye said
north allie into ye said lanterne allie fro piller to piller yer
was a trellesdoure* wdl did ope & close wlh two leves
like vnto a falden dor, & aboue ye said dor, it was likewaies
trellessed almoste to yc hight of ye valt above, & on ye
highte of yc said trellesse was strike full of Iro pik(" of
a q^ter of a yerd long to thentent yl none should clyme
oil it, & was eu more lockt & neu opened but of ye
holie daies, or of such daies as there was any psessio.
& likewis v north Rude dor \veh was of thother svde of vL'
piller at ye north end of Jesus alter was neu oppened but
when there was any pssessions.
There1 was two faire Hallewater stones" belonging to y
abei church of Durisme all of verie faire blewe nible, the
1O00.
1 A new hand ami somewhat different spelling, <'■&■. "dour" for "dor,"
ami " Durisme," begin here. In some cases words nave been altered in
different ink, thus " abei " t«' " abey," " Pieties " to " Pitties," etc.
38 RITES OF DURHAM.
Roll, fairest of them stoode wthin ye northe church dour oil
against y° said dour, being wrowghte in yc Corn of ye
piller next adioyning to yc Lady of Pieties alter", of the leaft
hand as yea turn into yc gallelei, having a verie fair
skreene* of wayscott oil heade, fynely painted wth blewe,
& litle gilted starres, being keapt veri clene, and alwaies
.pvyded wth fresh water (against eiiy sonnday morning), by
two of yc bell Ringers or servitors of yc church, wherin
one of ye Mounckf did hallow* yc said water veri early in
ye morninge befor devine service.
The other stood* wlhin yc south church dour [right agl
(33) itt near ye south doore, H. 45], not altogether so
curyouse yet all of fyne blewe nible, beinge verie decentlie
keapt in ye same man wlh freshe water eiiy sonndaie mor-
ninge by ye said bell Ringers or servitoures of ye church,
wherin (so in Cos. ; where in, L.) like sorte one of ye
Mounkf did hallow the said water veri early in yc
morninge before Dyvine svice. The one of theme vi^
that at ye south dour servinge yc P or & all yc covent
wth ye whole house. The other at the northe dor, (being
ioyned into ye piller) servinge all those that came that
waie to here Divyne svice.1
Ther was Betwixt two pillers on ye leaft hand in the
north allie as yow tourne into ye galleley from ye northe
church dour or Lady of pieties alter,* being inclosed of
either syde wth fyne waynscott, wth ye picture of o Lady
carving o' saviour on her knee as he was taiken from yc
crosse verey lamentable to behoulde.
Then on ye right hand in ye said north allie as yow goe
into ye galley vnder yc Belfraie called ye gallely steple
was Sacte saviours alter* ye north end of yc sayd alter stone
being wrought & inclosed into ye piller of ye waul from ye
first foundac'6 of ye church (for mess to be said at)- as
appered at yc defaci nge therof, and Remayneth there to be
knowne till this day by a corn of the sayd (altar)2 stone
not to be pulled furthe but by breaking of yc wall.
' Theheading i^ repeated bere, at a joining of the paper.
Secunda 111 unit.
I ill-: NOR I II ALLEY. $Q
In the vveste end oi v church in v north allie and oil Ro,1«
y galleley dour tlior in a Belfray called the galleley steple
did hing iiij goodly great BcllC wch was neu Rownge
hut at euy pncipall feast or at such other tymes as ye
Bushop dyd come to y° towne. Euy sonndav in ye yere
there was a smo preched in ye gallely at after none from
one of v clocke till iij & at xij of V clock ye great Bell o(
y galleley was toulled euy sonndaie iij qSters of an howre
& roung ye forth q^ter" till one of ye clock, that all ye
people of y towne myght haue warnyng to come & here
\" worde of god preached. There was certaine officers*
pteyni'g to ye said howse wch was allwayes charged when
so on ye said Bellf was knowlede to be redy for yc Rynging
ot theme, vte ij men of ye kitching was charged wth ye
Ringing of on Bell, & ye iiij men of ye church that dyd
lye allwaves in ye church was charged wth ye Ringing of
y third Bell ; & vj othere was alwaies charged wlh yc
Rynging of the great Bell vijj ij of the back howse, ij of
the Brew house & ij of ye killne. And in ye latter dayes
of kyng Henrie the eighte" ye house was supprest, & after
that tyme ye said Belli' was neu Rounge. Then Deane
Whittingham (34) pceyving theme not to be occupied nor
Rounge a great whyle before his tyme, was purposed to
haue taiken them downe and broken them for other vses
[and make his ,pfitt of them, H. 45]. Then Tho: Sparke'
the Bushopes Suffrigaine lying at Durh1" & kepinge
howse there, at y° same tyme havinge Intellegence what
\" Deanes purpose was, dyd sende into Yorkshire wth all
speade for a workeman & caused iij of ye said Belli', to be
taiken downe (ye iiijth Bell Remaynes ther still & was neu
Rounge svnee \rt was suspent1*) [ye other did remayne a
longe season but yet after removed into ye Lantorne, II.
45 1 & caused them iij to be hoong vp in y newe worke
called \tc lantren & maide a goodly chyme* to be sett, on
y said BellC, ye wth dyd coste hi me in charges Thirtie or
fortie pownd(J, wch chyme endureth to this daie, or els yc
saide BellC had bene spoyled & defaced. |But in ye yeare
1650: this Abbey church was made a prison for y° Scotts
' Oppositi' to this word in Comm Dr. Hunter has placed the word
" Indicted " in 1 he margin.
40 RITES OF DURHAM.
Roll< and quite defaced wthin, for ther was to yc Number 4500
wdl most of them perished & dyed ther in a very short
space & were throwen into holes by great Numbers
together in a most Lamentable manner ; But in ye yeare
J^55 ye Clocke & Chyme was repay red againe wdl was
taken downe & preserved from yv sd ruyne. H. 45.]
(XX.) The South angle of yu Bodie of yc churche.
Robert Neivell" Bushop of Durhm lyeth buryed in his
aucestors porch in ye south allie, [in ye South Alley of yc
saide Church neare ye Earle of Westmland his Ancest' ,
[H. 45] nere vnto yc cloyster dour on ye south, & Jesus alter
on yc northe, of the porch conteyning iij pillers & so moch of
yc angle having in yt an alter wth a faire Allablaster table"
above yt, where mess was daly selebrated for yel soules : and
therin a seate or pew where ye por was accustomed to set to
here Jesus mess, yc est end of the porche where ye alter stood
was closed vp wth a litle stone wall sumwhat hier then yc
alter & wainscotted aboue ye wall, the west end wth a litle
stone wall & an Iron grait on ye topp of ye wall, & all yc
north syd towardes ye body of ye church invyroned wlh
I rone.*
And also in ye backsyde behynde ye Neivellf alter from
ye Neivells alter to ye mydes of ya piller behinde ye church
doure" in Compasse from piller to piller ther was a chambre"
(35) where one yl keapt yc church & Rownge yc Bell(J at
mydnight did ly in, and also all oil yc church dour ye
compasse of iiij pillers, [two of either syde interlined] when
one enteryd wthin yc church doure was all coiled abouehead
wth waynscott verie fynely paynted & vnished blewe [azure,
interlined] of the culler of ye Element, sett out wth starres
of goulde. And [in interlined] ye forepte of yc wainscott
from piller to piller wthin ye church oil ye holie water stone,
ther was a brattishing on yc fore pte of yc wainscott or
Rowffe very fynely <& Curiouslie wrowght & all gilte [wlh
gold, interlined] as fynly1 as yc angell, & in yc mydes" of yc
saide brattyshi ng y,ir was a great starre of a great Compasse
like vnto ye sonne veri artificially & most Curiouslie gilt &
1 Altered to " fync " secunda manu.
THK SANCTUARY. 4 1
ennamyled veri goodly to all ye beholders therof, so that Ro,,i
there coulde no duste nor fylthe faule into v holy water
stone vt was so close aboue head, & so elose wthin j
church doure.
In the west end of this south allei [Angle, II. 45]
Betwixt ye tow neithermost [lowest, II. 45] pillers oppositt
too La: of Pieties Alter titer was an alter w,h a Roode
repsenting y* passion [of o Sauio , H. 45] having his
handes bounde, wth a erowne of thorne on his head, being
eoffionlv called y bound roode, inclosed" on etch syde wth
wainscott as was ye foresaid alter of o La: of Pietie.1
[Near unto the said altar on the south side, adjoyning unto
the Galily door, was the grate" wherein the sanctuary
countrev men were wont to lie when they fled thither for
refuge, L., C.J [came for refuge to Sl Cuthbert, H. 45].
(Xxl (The Sanctuary, h. Edd.)
In the old tvme [ye florishinge tvme of this Abbev the
Church wth the Church yard, H. 45] longe before ye house
of Durhm was supprest the abei church & all yc church
yard & all the circuyte therof* was a Saunctuarie for all
mailer of men vl had done or comvtted anv gret offence as
killing of a ma in his own defence or any psoners had
broken out of pson <S: fled to yc said church dore <S:
knocking & Rapping" at yt to haue yt opened there was
sten me vl dvd lie alwaies in two chambers [in a Roome.
II. 45] oil yc (said north interlined) church dore, for ve same
purpose that when any such offenders dvd come & knocke,
streight waie they were letten in at any o of ve nvght cSj
dyd Rynne streight waie to v gallelei BelL & tould vt to
(36) thintent anv ma vl hard it might knowe vl there was
som ma yl had taken Sentrie, & when y j>or had
intellegence therof, then he dyd send word and comanding
them yl they should keape theme selues wlllin v Sauctuarij
y« is to saie wthin v church cS: church yard & eiiv one of
1 Hero follows ,i line thai lias been erased and then pasted over in a
former joining; of the Roll, \i/... " Neare vnlo y« saitl alter oh \^ south syde
adioyninge vnto y«." Tin- rest ot the paragraph is Wanting in the Roli as
we have it.
42 RITES OF DURHAM.
Roll, theme to liaue a gowne of blacke cloth maid wth a cross of
veallowe cloth called Sacte Cuthb: cross1 sett on his lefte
shoulder of his arme to thintent yl euy one might se yl
there was such a frelige* graunted by God & Sacte Cuthb:1
for euy such offender to flie vnto for succour and safe gard
of there lyues, vnto such tyme as they might obteyne there
prices pdone, & that thei should lie wthin yc church or
Saunctuarij in a grate" wch grate ys Remayni'ge &
standing still to this daie being maid onelie for yc same
purpose, standing and adioying vnto yc gallelei dore on ye
south syde and Likewise they had meite drinke & bedding
& other necessaries of ye house cost & charg for sten2
daies as was meite for such offenders vnto suche tyme as yc
pior & ye covent could gett theme coveyed out of yc
dioces. This fredom was confirmed not onely by king
Guthrid,* but also by king Alvred.:3
In ye weste end of ye said Church oil ye Gallelei yer is a
moste fyne large wyndowe" of glass being ye holl storie of
ye Rute of Jessei" in most fyne couloed glas, verie fynely
& artifiicially pictured & wrowght in coulers, veri goodly
& pleasantlie to behoulde wth mary & christ in her armes in
yc top of ye said wyndowe* in most fyne coulored glas also.
(XXII.) The Galleley.
Wherefore yc Chappell dedicated in ye honor of
Sl Mary was named & cauled ye galleley.
And for the cumforth of all women & solace of ycr soules
there was an aucyent Church in ye ferne-+ Hand where the
church of that towne nowe standeth wch was appoyted for
women' to repaire vnto, both for ye hearing of masse for
making there prayers, & receyving the sacramentf, for wch
cause there was a chappell maide & dedicated to ye blessed
virgin Marie nowe cauled ye galleley. Vpo ye (37)
1 A coaeval pen has altered "& Sacte Cuthb:'' into "unto S"cte Cuthb:
shrine."
- "37" is placed in the margin, prima maun ; "sten" is erased, and
" certaine " written over, secunda manu.
; This sentence is an insertion, secunda manu.
■' So in all the MSS. (and editions, J. T. F.) but a mistake, no doubt, for
Lindisfarne, or Holy Island, where there is a church so situated. — En.
I UK GALILEE. 4,}
namyng wherof is to be noted, as yow may reade in the R°Hi
booke entituled. The actes o( v I>. ca. 2(>.
Hugo Bushop o\ Durhm who was consecrated in \" vcare
of our L: god M.C. Liij at Koine l"»\' Pope Athanasius
[Anastatius IV, Ed.]* vpo ye feaste day of S" Thorn's y°
Apostle considering ye deligence of his pdecesso" in
buylding the Cathedrall Church, wch was finished but a fewe
yeres before his tyme, no Chappell beinge then erected to
ye blessed Virgin Marie, whereunto it should be lawful] for
wo me to haue accesse, began to erect a newe pece of woorke
at vc east end* of ye said Cathedrall church, for wch worke
there weare sundry pillers of m'ble stone brought from
beyonde y° seas but this worke being" browght to a small
height began throwghe great riftf apperinge' in ye same to
fall downe, wherevpo yt manvfestlve appeared yl that worke
was not acceptable to god' & holy Sl Cuthb: especial lv by
reason of ye accesse wch women weare to haue so neare his
fferreter. In eonsideratio wherof the woo'ke was left of, and
a newe begun and finished at ye west angle of ye said
church, wherunto yt was lawfull for women to enter,
having no holie place before where thev mighte haue
lawfull accesse vnto for there cumforthe and consolac'o.
In that it is called the gallelev by reason* (accordinge as
some thinke) of the translatinge of the same once begu and
afterward removed, wherevpo it toke vc name of gallelev :
to wch place such as maid repaire vnto it had graunted vnto
them sundry pdons, as more plainly appereth in a table
there sett vp conteyning vl said pdons.
With in ye said gallelei in v Cantarie being all o(
most excellent blewe nible stood our La : alter, a verie
sumptuous Monum1 fynly adorned wlh curious wainscott
woorke^ both aboue ye head, at ye back & at either end of
the said alter, ye wainscott being devised cS: furnished wth
most heavenly pictures so lyuely in cullers & gilting as \[
they did gretly adorne y said alter wher o La : masse
was song1 daly by y m1 of the song schole [cauled Mr.
John Brimley, interlined], w,h certaine decons & quiris-
ters, the nv playing vpo" a paire of faire orgaines the tyme
' "Adome song1,' repeated in MS., at a joining of the paper.
44 RITES OF DURHAM.
Roll, of o La : messe, wherin1 yc founder of ye said cliantaree
Bushop Langlei* his soule was most devoutly praied for
both in y° begying & ending therof, [This B. Langley did
reedefye and buyld anew" agayne the sayd Galliley,
interlined\ there was also belonging to yc said alter verey
sumptious & gorgyous furneture not onely for yc pncipall
feastf, but for ordenarv svice, and for yc pserving & saife
keeping of these goodly sutf of vestmentf & ornam1^ ap-
(38) pteyninge to yc said alter ther was at either end therof
behynd the portall two very fyne & close Aumeryes* all of
wainscott wherin after ye celebrating of o~ La : mass they
weare safely inclosed.
Thomas Langley Bushop of Durhm lyeth buryed vnder
a faire mble Towme* wthin ye said cantaree befor o~ La :
alter he founded1 vpo yc place grene a gram scoole & a
songe schole wth yerly stipend f wherof two preestf weare
maisters wch dyde dayly say mass, & also daily prayed for
his soule. [His amies be pallie, argent and vert, a mullet
of ye first, H. 45 ; wch are Pally of six arg: and vert a
mullett argent., also in H. 45].
On ye north syde of yc saide Galleley was an alter called
yc Lady of pieties alter* wth her pictur carryinge o~ saviour
on hir knee as he was taiken from yc cross a very dolorouse
aspecte. The saide alter was ordeyned for a Chantry
preiste to saie mess euy holy Daie, having aboue the alter
on yu wall thone pte of o~ saviours passio* in great pictures,
the other pte being aboue Saynt Beede alter on yc south
syde.
There was on ye south syde betwixt two pillers* a goodly
monum1* all of blew mble yc hight of a yeard from yc
ground, supported wth v : pillers, In euy corn one, & vnder
yu mydest one, & aboue ye said throwghe" of mble pillers
did stand a second shrine to Sl Cuthb : [a Shrine second to
Sl Cuthbert's, Edd. H., Sanderson] wherin yc bones of y('
holie man Sl Beede was inshryned, being accustomed to be
taiken downe euy festival daie when there was any sollempe
2 Altered to " wherin ye fyrst founder of ye said chantaree and Bushop
Langlei ther soules wer," so as to include Bishop Pudsey. Cos. and H. 44
correspond with the alteration, but II. 45, L., C, and tlie editions with the
original text of the Roll.
THE GALILEE. 45
pcession, and caried wth iiij mounckes in tyme of pcessio <S: Ro,,i
■ ■ * • , , • 111 i i ' • i- |(>o°-
devine svice wch being ended they dyd convey yt into ye
galleley & sett vt vpo v said tumbe againe [wth great
revence, II. 45|, havinge a fair [rich, II. 45I couofwains-
cott verie curiously gilted and appointed to drawe vp and
downe over the shrine as they list to showe the sumptuous-
ness therof. And for y further \eritie in this eneratio of
S1 Beedes shrine I haue sett downe ye verces w1' are in the
auncyent historie declaring both v tyme of his Translatio
from S1 Cuthb : Toume & wthall ye maker and founder o(
v shrine in ye galleley.
Hugo Bushopp of I)urhm after he had finished the
Chappell called y galleley, did cause a fereter of gold t\:
silver to be mayd wherin the bones of venerable bede
preiste & docter (translated & removed from Sl Cuthb :
shrine) weare laid. In the first woorke wherof in ye lower
pte therof thes verses vnder written were ingraven in Lattin,
now translated into englishe, as follow1'1.
(39) In Cuius faretri prima fabricatura in pte
inferiori isti versus sunt insculpti.
Continet hec theca Bede venerabilis ossa
Sensum factori Christus dedit atq^ datori
Petrus opus fecit presull dedit hoc hugo donu
Sit' in vtroqj suu veneratus vtruq^ patron ft.
In Englishe as follow1'1.
This Coffin doth conteyne ye bones of venerable Beede
Christ to the maker sence did geve, And to ye giver gold.
One Peter framed ye worke ye cost Bushopp Hugo maid
So Peter & Hugo Patrones both Sl bede inclosed in molde.
Anno millen CCC ter cum septuageno
Post qua saluator came de virgine supsit
Transtulit hoc feretru Cuth'i de ppe tumba
Istius ecclesie Prior hue (poscente Richardo
de castro dicto Bernardi) cuius et ossa
non procul hinc lapide stib marmoreo" requiescunt.
1 " Sit " in Roll, Cos., and II. 44, but " Sic " in C, I-., and all the editions,
in accordance with the English "So." Bui the Latin line, as it stands,
seems unintelligible whichever reading we take. If, however, for
"utrumque" we read "uterque," and "Sir' at the beginning, the sense of
the Latin is sufficiently clear.
46 RITES OF DURHAM.
Rolli In English as follow1'1.
. 1600.
In the yeare of our Lord A thousand thre hundreth &
seventy
Richard of barnardcastle did most earnestly pcure,
that yc bones of Sl Beede lying nigh Sl Cuthb: shryne
should be translated into yc galleley there to remayne
Wch Richard disceased, for y° love he did beare to Bede,
caused his owne bones to be laid nere him vnder a nible
stone in dead.
It appeareth in the discription* of ye staite of ve church
of Durhm that ye bones of Sl Bede were first lavde in the
monastery of Jarrowe and afterwards were browght to
Durhm and placed in ye coffin [in a golden Coffin,4' H. 45]
on the right syde wth the body [of ye holy bodv, H. 45] of
Sl Cuthb'te.
Elfridus a preaste in that tyme vte Anno Gra Mxx°, did
affirme and certenly record, that one Coffyn dyd cou &
conteyne both ye body of S* Cuthb'te & yc bones of
venerable docter Bede.
On the southe syde of ye said galleley was ye alter of Sl
Beede, before ye wch alter lieth his bones and re(4o)liques
interred vnder ye same place where his shrine was before
exalted1 [to whose Memory an elegant Epitaph fairly
written on Velom hangs upon the adjoining wall. Notice
of Sir George Wheler and his Monument in Hunter's
editions and in Sanderson's].
Adioyninge vnto ye lower pte of ye great wyndow in ye
weste end of the said gallelee was a faire Iro pulpitt," wth
Barsse of Iron for one to hould them by, going vp ye
stepes vnto ye pulpett where one of the Mounckf did cume
euy holy day & Sunday to preach at one of ye clock ye after
noone.
In ye west end of ye south angle1 was a founte for
baptising of children* when ye realme was interdicted* by
yc Pope wch Thomas Langley Bushop of Durh111 did onely
,pcure as a pviledge vpo speciall favour at the Popes
handes.
So in all the MSS. and editions.
THE GALILEE. 47
[Ther are in this place {the Galilee), and all y church MS. "• 15
aboute dills faire windowes richly wrought wlh pictures &
imagery o( Sls wch are now altogether broken \v,h I doe
forbeare to menc'on in this place for want of Roome and
tyme, onely 1 haue here incerted some thinges yl were
written soe near as they could be redd, scil't. H. 45 1.
('/'he writer proceeds to give a few notices of the pictures a nit
their inscriptions, of which the Roll contains a copious
account as follows :)
Also in v west end of v said Gallelev there be foure Roll,
faire coulored & sumptuous glasened wyndowes.* In the c' ' '
iirst towards y'' south there are three faire lightf. The
mvdle lighte having- in yt ye picture of christe as he was
crucified on ye crosse most curiously payted & wrowghte
in glasse wth ye sonne & yL' moone above the head therof.
In V highest pte of wch light ther is ye picture of ye
starre \vch appered vnto ye thre wise men or kingf of
Colleine vnderneth depictured, directing them into ye east
to search out yc new borne child Jesu ye holy one, borne
betwixt an ox & an asse to offer vnto him oblac'ons &
sacrifices of gold, myrr, & frankensence, together wlh the
picture of o Ladye v° virgin marie wth Christe naked
sitting vpo hir knee, in most fyne coulored glasse.
In the light towardf the north is dipictured God
almightie having in his hand a ball or globe conteyning &
signvfving the heaven earth & sea. And in vnder that ve
salutac'on of y(" Angell Gabriell maid to y1' blessed virgin
marie & ye picture of y holie ghost appearing to hir in the
likenes of a doue in fyne coulored glasse also.
In ye light towardf the southe is ye picture of c blessed
lady as she assumpted into heaven, ascended, glorified, &
crowned, and vnderneth that ye picture of o blessed lady
wll) Christ new borne naked, sitting of hir knee, & sucking
of hir brest very liuely sett furth all in fine colored glasse.
(41) In the second conteyning vj° faire lightf of
glasse seued by stone thre aboue & thre beneath, The
mydle light aboue hath y picture of Sl Cuthbert moste
lyvely coulored in glasse in his ordinarie episcopall appell
48 RITES OF DURHAM.
Roll< to say masse \vth his myter on his head & a crosier or
pastorall staffe in his lefte hand having the Image of Sl
Oswoldf head painted vpo his brest vpholden wth his right
hand all in fyne coulored glase. Vnder whose feate at v°
lowest pte of his picture is drawen or written in glasse.
Sanct9 Cuthb'tus quondam Lindisfarnensis Epis-
copus et huius Ecclesie et patrie* maximus patronus.
The liefht on ve north syde of Sl Cuthb: hath ye picture
of Sl Beede in his blewe habitt appell,* in fyne couhed
glasse, in under ye foote of whose picture is in glasse
writtin.
Santus Beda, qui vitam Sancti Cuthberti et multa
alia ab ecclesia approbata coscripsit, cuius ossa in
hac Capella in feretro cotenta.
The light on ye south syde of Sl Cuthb't hath ye picture
of Aydanus ye Bushop most artificially sett furth in fyne
coulo ed glasse, as he was accustomed to say masse, with
his myter on his head and a crosier staffe in his left hand,
vnder whose feete this is written.
Sanctus Aidanus Episcopus Lindisfarnensis Eccle-
sie primus prius in hac Sanctissima Dunelmensi
ecclesia fuit p>oratp. *
Vnder whose iij lightf by a ptic'6, are iij moe large
pictures in fyne coloed glasse most curiously depictured,
conteyning ye Imagf of Aldun9, Edmundus & Eata iij
Bushopf of lindisfarne in fyne coulo ed glasse, as they
weare accustomed to say masse, wth there myters on there
headf , & there crosier staves in there lefte handf. Vnder
ve feete of Eata his picture, is written.
Santus Eata Lindisfarnensis Episcopus.
And aboue in ye highest pte of this wyndow, ar six 1 i tie
glasned lightf* in tower man in fyne coulo ed glasse
conteyninge some pte of ye historie of Christt natiuitie the
manage in gallelie & his miracles done vpo ye earth.
' So in all the MSS. and editions, quite wrongly, of course.
THK GALILEE. 49
(42) In y third wyndowe being most faire and sumptuous Ro11-
are also six lightf soiled as before, in the highest pte therof
are iij fyne portered [portred, Cos.; purtrayed, L. ; portraied,
C. ; portraid, II. 44 1 pictures in fyne colored glasse, the
mydle being y [mage of y glorious <!v. blessed virgin
mary wth christe in her amies most excellentlie wrowght
in glasse, vnder whose feete is writtin.
Sancta Maria.
And on the north svde of her is v picture of Sl Oswold
the king in fyne coulo ed glasse verie Trymly sett furthe
wth a faire crosse in his hand, vnder whose feete is written.
Sanct^ Os\voldu fundator sedis Episcopalis Lin-
disfarnnensis que nunc est dunelmesis, cui° anima
in feretro Sl Cuthberti est humata.
And on yl south syde of her is y* picture of holie Kinge
Henry* in fyne coulored glasse wth his princely scepter in
his hand, vnder whose feete is written.
Rex Henricg.
Vnder them in other iij faire large lightf oppositlie &
firste to Sl Marie is placed ye picture of Thorn's Langlev
Bushop most curiouslie & worthelie in fyne coulo ed glasse
\vth his myter on his head & his crosier staffe in his lefte
hand as he was accustomed to say masse, having his armes
verie excellentlie blasened in fine coulo ed glasse aboue his
head, he being a most famous benefacter in reedifvinge and
buylding againe this place called y gallelev as most tritely
& largly is recorded in y- Historie of y monasticall Church
of Durhm vnder whome is written.
Thorns Langley Rector1 ecclesie ad honorem dei
ep'us dunelm., et duas cantarias in ead. funda1 et
dotauit.
And vnder S1 Oswold is y picture of Wilfrid0 Bushop in
fyne couloed glasse as he was accustomed to say masse
wlh his myter on his head & his crosier staffe in his lefte
hand, vnder whose feete is written.
■ This MS. has " Recter."
4
50 RITES OF DURHAM.
Ro11' Sancty Wilfrid ° p'mo Lindisfarnensis monachus
post Abbas Ripensis vltimo archiep us hborasensis,
vno aiio rexit Kp'atum Lindisfarnesem.
(43) And vnder king Henrie is yc picture of Bushop
Cedda in fyne couloed glasse as he was accustomed to say
masse wth his myter on his head and his crosier staffe in
his lefte hand exquisitelie shewed vnder whose fete is
writte.
Sanct9 Cedda pimo Lindisfarnensis monachus post
Abbas in Lestingham tribt; annis rexit Archiep'atu
Eborasensem, et etifi rexit ep'atum Ligchfeilde.
And in this wyndowe aboue all are six litle glasened
towre wyndowes* in fyne coulo ed glasse, conteyninge the
flight of christe, Josephe & Sl Marie into ^gipt beinge
pursued by Herode, & ye moste pte of ye storie thereof.
In the fourth there be also six faire lightf seiied as
before conteyning iij faire large pictures in iij lightf in ye
higher pte, most exactlie fashioned being ye Imagf of iij
holie kingt most goodly and bountifull to ye church and to
51 Cuth: vi^ Alured Gudred & Elfride" most princely
decked & framed in ther royall apparrell wth there scepters
in ther handf in fyne coulo-' ed glasse, of whose liberalilye
(sic) & mveilous munificence ye historie of Sl Bede doth
make mentio.* Vnder whome are pictured in larg pictures
in fyne coulo'ed glasse iij Bushopes of Lindisfarne as they
weare accustomed to say masse wth there myters on there
headf and there crosier staves in there left handf . Vnder
there feete is to be seene. Sanct9 Godfridus1 Lindis-
farnensis. SH) Ethelwold9 Lindisfarnensis. The
third no name to be decerned saving Episcopus. All wlh
pictures aforesaid are most largly and sumptuously sett
fourth in there formall appell, as ys affore discribed.
1 All the MSS. have "Godfridus," and all the editions " Egfridus." There
was no bishop of Lindisfarne of either name ; the former is probably a
misreading of " Eadfridus." The third was most likely " Eadbertus,"
BURIAL OF MONKS. 5 1
In the higfhesl pte o{ wcn wyndowe arc six litlc towrc Ro11-
... ." . ., . c. 1 boo.
wyndowes fynely colored and glasened, conteyni ge the
most pte of v storie o( Christf death, buryall, resurrection,
and ascension, most excellentlve sett fnrth pictured «\:
discribed in fine colo ed glasse.
(XXIII.) The Rvte or Custome [Rytes and ceremonies,
II. 45] of the Church of Durham in Buryingfe of
Mounckes.
The Mouncke so soune as lie sickneth is conveyed with
all I44] his appurtinans or furniture, from his owne chamber
in [owte of, H. 45I y Dorter to an other in ye ferm'ery*
|another chamber in ye place called Domus infirmorii
comonly called y fermerey, H. 45], where he might haue
both fvre & more convenyent kepinge, for that they weare
allowed no fyre in y1' Dorter. And at such tyme as ytt
appeared to them that accumpeyned him in his sicknes that
he was1 not lykly to lvve, they sent for ye pors chaplaine
who staied wth him till he yealded yL ghoste, then ye barber
was sent for* whose office is to put downe ye clothes &
baire him, and put on his feet sockf and bowtf [his foote
sockes, and his bootes, H. 45], and so to wynde hime in his
cowle and habett, then is he fro thence Immediatly Carved
to a chamber called yL Dead manes chamber in y said
Farmery & there to remayne till nyght. [Then was he
vmediatelv removed owte of ye fermery into a Roome called
V' dead mans chamber, over 7vc/l was ye Library of latter
j 1.1
tymes,2 and ther to remayne vntill night, H. 45]. The pors
chaplaine so soune as that he ys woune & conveyed into y
dead manes chamber, doth lock ye chamber dour where he
dyed & carved v key to ye por. At nyght ys he removed
fro y dead manes chamber into Sl Andrewes chappell,
adiovning to the said chamber & Pmery, there to remayne
till eight of V clock in y mornynge, y said chappell being
a place onelv ordeyned for sollempe devoc'6, the nyght
befor there funeral les in this maner Two mounckes either
in kinred or kyndness y nerest vnto him, were appoynted
1 "them" to "was'" repeated in MS., at a joining of the paper.
The words in italics are added in ilu> margin.
52 RITES OV Dl'RIIAM.
Roll, by V por to be speciall murners, syttinge all nyghte on
' ther kneys* at ye dead corsses feet. Then were ye chyldren
of thaumerey* sitting on there knees in stalls of eyther syd
ye corpes appoynted to Read Dav: spalter* all nyght oil
incessanly till ye said o"1 of eight a clock in ye mornyng at
wch tyme ye corse was conveyed to ye chapter house" where
ye [Lord, H. 45] por & ye hole covent did meat hime &
there did say there Dergie* [Dirges, H. 45] and Devotio*
not being pmytted that any should cume neare ye chapter
house duringe ye tyme of ther devotio & praiers for his
soule, & after there deuoc'6 ye dead corpes was caryed by
ye mounckes from the chapter house thorowgh yc pier* a
place for mchauntf to vtter ther waires, standing betwixt
ye chapter house & ye church dour, & so Throwghe ye sayd
pier into ye sentuarie garth where he was buryed [and a
challice of wax" laid vpo his brest (45) wth hime]2 havinge his
blew bedd houlden over his grave by iiij mouckf during his
funeralls, wch Bed is dew to ye Barber for his dewtie
aforesaide & ye making of his grave" and at yL> tyme of his
Buryall ther was but one peile Rounge for him. 3
(XXIV.) The Rite or Custoume in
Buryinge of Pryors.4
The Priors of the house of Durhm was accustomed to be
buryed in the oulde tyme in his bootes & woune in his
Coole by ye Barber accordingly as ye mounkf was
accustomed to be buryed, that is to say he was caryed furth
of his Lodginge in to a chamber in ye farniye called the
Deade manes chamber & there did Remayne a certen
spaice, and at nyght he was caried into a chapell over
against the said chamber dore called S;1cte Andrewes
chappell and was watched all that night wth the children of
ye almery Reading Davides spalter over him, and ij
mounckes either in kindred or kyndnes was appointed to
sitte all night at his feete mourninge for him, and in the
1 "hour," secunda manu. - Seninda manu.
1 " Rounge for hime," at joining- of the paper.
1 MS. Hunter 45 enters into no detail on the burial of a Prior, but
merely states that it " was in eu'y respect p'formed accordinge to the
buryinge of y Monckes."
PRIORS BURIED OUT OF CEMETERY. ,=>,}
morninge he was carved in to the chapter house <S: there R°Hi
did sollemne sviee for hime as the mounckes had at tliere
buryall, from thence he was carved thorowgh the plor into
the Sentory garthe there to be buryed |\vher euy one of
them did Iv vnderneth a fair m'ble stone and |' the mounckes
& Barber did burye hime wth a litle cliallice of silver," other
mettell, or wax, wch was laid vpo his brest wthin his cofline,
and his blewe bedde was holden over hime by iiij mounckes,
till he was buryed, and the barber had it for his paynes, for
makinge of his grave and buryinge of hime, as he had for
the mounckes.2
And afterward the pors came to be interred & buryed
wlhin the abei Church of Durisme and not in the centori
garth in thes latter daies as follow1'1.
(XXV. The names of the Priors buried out of
the Centory Garth.)
The names of all yc pors of Durhm as weere buryed out
of ye centory garth wthin yL' abei church of Durisme in y
same order & habitt wth [the mitre and, Dav.] all other
there furnyture belonging therto, as there pdicessors was
(46) buryed before theme in ye centori garth as is
afforesaid in euy respectf ; all wch pors were great
Benefacto,b to yc said church both during yer lives & at ther
death as ye historie of ye church more at larg declareth.
Johafies fosser was y first por that en attempted to
be burved wthin the abei church out of ye centori garth.
Robert Berrington de Walworth por dyd first opteyne
the vse of vc myter with ye Crutch3 or staffe.
Johafis Hemyngbrowghe prio1.
Johafies Weshington por.
Will' ni° libchester por.
Johafies Burnby por.
Robert0 Ebchester por.
' "by" erased, and these words in brackets interlined secunda mantt.
-' " The Bnshopes of Durhm were wounte in an," erased, comes liere
at a joining of the paper.
; The words uye crutch or" are struck out. ami "his crosier" placed
above, secunda mantt.
54 RITES OF DURHAM.
Roll, Johafies Aukeland prior.
C. l600. jjL ,„ Q
1 homas Castell por.
Hugo Whithead" died at London & lieth buried in ye
church of ye mineres nyghe yc towre of Londo. He was
ye laste por of ye church of Durisme [and the first Deane. j1
[Robert Home," d'c'or of Devinity Deane after hym.
H. 45, secunda manu.]
The Bushopes of Durisme weare wounte in auncyent
tyme to be interred and Buryed in ye foresaid Chapter
house, standing in ye easte alley of ye cloysters2 in that they
would not psume to ly any nearer to holie Sacte Cuthb:
whose naymes heare after ensew1'1 [because they woold
not presume to lye neere the holy body of St. Cuthb., theire
names are ingrauen uppon the stones under wch they lye in
the Chapter house, with the signe of the crosse annexed to
the end of theire said names. Cos.]i
(47) (XXVI.) A Catalog of ye Bushops of Durhm*
whose bodies ar found buryed in ye chapter
house of Durisme as appereth by ther names
in graven vpo stone wth ye signe of the crosse
annexed to etiy of there said names.
[t%t Aydanus Ep'us, H. 45] [qui obijt Anno Dom. 651.
Cos. ]
[There were many betwixt this Aydanus & theis
menc'ond who were bpps of Lindisfarne now called Holy
Hand before they came to Durham but noe notable Acts
done by them but I referr ye reader to my other booke
where are at lardge. H. 45, secunda manu].
*fc Aldunus ep'us [Aldwinus the first Bpp of Duresme
and first founder of the Abby Church, Anno Domini: 990.
Cos. ]
>fr Hadmud0 ep'us. [These two were buried under one
*Z* Kadred" ep'us. j stone.1
1 "and the first Deane " is in a different, but apparently a coaeval hand.
' Dr. Hunter has written opposite to this paragraph in Cos., " This is
better related in Mrs. Milner's manuscript."
5 " Sayncte Cuth. whose names hereafter ensew*" here follows at a
joining of the paper.
BISHOPS BURIED IN CHAPTER HOUSE. 55
[Eadmundus, forte fortuna a monachis dissidentibus Ro11-
electus, who dyed at Gloster, and was translated thenee to
bee buryed in the chapter house. Anno Dom. 1048.
Cos. I
*fa Walcher^ ep'us. This Walter bishop was buried
with Aldunus under one stone.' [Short read good read
slay vee v bpp. II. 45, secunda manu].
[hee was slaine in the Church at Gateside in Newcastle,
and was buryed priuatly in the Chapter house under the
same stone with Aldwinus, without any inscriptio ouer
him. 1 08 1. Cos.]
»i* Will'm's ep'us,
[Guilielmus i ep's de Karlipho with Malcorae kinge of
Scotts,* and Turgott then prior of this church did pull
downe the old church builded by Aldwinus and did lay the
foundation of this church as it now is : theis three layinge
the first three stones thereof in the foundation : July the 30:
or as others say : Aug. 11 1093. Cos.]
»I« Ranulphus* ep'us. [W™ Rufus preferred him for
his owne ends. H. 45, secunda /nana.]
*%< Gaufrid0 ep'us.
*b Will's s'edus ep'us.
*b Hugo de Puteaco," ep'us. [King Steph. was his
vncie.* H. 45, secunda /nana]. (47)
*h Philippi;" ep'us.
*k Rich'us de marisco* ep'us.
*i* Nicholas de farnh'm* ep'us.
*h Walter1'' de Kirkha* ep'us.
»i* Rob't0 Stichell ep'us. [Prior of Finckley founded
yc Hospitall of Greetham and gaue ye landes of Symon
Mounford wch was forfeited <S: he recoiled them of y king
cS: gaue them to y Hospitall wch in Value att v Dissoluc'on
97//. 6s. §d. oh. p Ann. II. 45, secunda manu.]
<i* RobV de Insula ep'us. | Both thes ly buried
►I* Rich'us de Kellow" ep's. J before ye bushops
seat vnder two ni'ble stones, wth ther immagC in brasse
curiouslie graven [but now defaced. Cos.]
56 RITES OF DURHAM.
Roll, A° 1086. About wch tyme king Malcolme caused" y old
c. 1600.
church of Durisme to be plucked downe & buyldyd vp a
newe, begininge evin at y° firste floore. In wch season, one
Egelwyn* or Willia (as ye scotishe wryters haue) was
bushop of that Sea, & por of the abbay was one Turgot,
who afterward was maid Bushop of Sl Andrewes, and wrote
yL> lyves of queue Margaret" & Malcolme hir husband in yu
scottishe tongue.
>J< This Turgotus* prio" of Durisme [who laide one of the
first 3 stones in the foundation of this church, Cos. ] was
afterward consecrated bushop [translated by Malcome
Kinge of Scotts to the Bpprick, Cos.) of Sl Andree in
Scotland, A° d'ni. M.C.ix0 vpon whose request & petitio at
his death he was carried to Durisme, & lyeth buried in y1-'
chapter house of Durisme there emongf the rest of yc
Bushops.*
In the wch chapter howse in yc upp end is a fair stall or
seat of stone,* [chaire of stone, Cos.] where ye Bushopes
haue bene [& are]1 till this day installed being also a place
where ye Bushope doth nowe keape his visitatio [when hee
holds his Visitation for the Cathedrall church, and next to
it is a chaire of wood fastened in the wall where the Priors
did and the Deanes doe now sit at the sd uisitations. Cos.]
Within [adjoyninge, H. 45 ; in the south side of, Cos.] ye
said chapter house was a psoune" for the Mounckes
[wherunto those monkes were committed for a certaine
space, Cos.] for all suche light offences as was done
amonges them selves.2
In the said Chapter house aboue the chapter house door
(49) there is a faire glasse wyndowe" beinge the hole storie
of the Rute of Jessei in most fyne couloed glas, verie
fynelie and artifficiallie picturd and wrowght in the said
coulo' ed glasse verey goodlie & pleasantlie to behoulde wth
marie & christ in her armes in ye top of yu said wyndowe
in most fyne coulored glas also.
1 Interlined.
* "Amonges them selves" repealed at joining of the paper.
BURIAL OF BISHOPS. 37
(XXVII.) The Ryte or Custume in
Bury i noc of Bushoppes
in y' chapter house.
The Bushopes of Durisme when as they dyed was
broweht to ye abbei church of I)urhm to he interred and
buyned, the por and mounckes of Durham dyd meite hime
at the abei church garth gate at y1' place grene and
Receyved hime there, & brought hime thorough the
said church into yL' chapter house to be buryed, at which
Burial] there was vsede greate solempnytye and devoe'on
by y° P'or and the Mounckes of that church of Durisme,
according to ye Customable burying of ye Bushopes in y
auncyente tyme. The accustomed burying of ye Bushopes
in that tyme was to be buried as he was accustomed to say
masse wlh his albe & stole and phannell* & his vestm1
[and other uestments, Cos. ], wth a myter on his heade, and
his Crutch*1 wlh him, and so laied in his Cofiine, wth a litle
challice* of sylver, other mettell, or wax ; wch wax challice
was gilted verie fynly about yL' edge & knoppe in ye myddes
of ye shanke of y1' challice, and abonte ye edge of ye patten
or coti, (S: ye foote of it also was gilted which one of yL'
said challices [which Challice, Cos.] was sett or laide vpo
his breast in yr coftine wth hime and y con therof nayled
downe to yt, And verie solemne svice don at there
funeral If.
The Prio' and ye mounckes had ye horsses, charette,
and all other thinges wch came w,h hime, [the deceased
Bi'i», Cos.] being dewe vnto theme by ther Auncient
Custoume, as mur plainly doth appeare in ye historie of y
church of Durisme at large. *
And afterward the Bushopes came to be interred and
Buryed wthin the abbay church of Durisme, and not in the
Chapter house in these latter daies as follow"1. (50)
Roll,
;. 1O00.
1 Struck out and "Crosier slaffe" interlined secunda manu; "Crosier
staffe" i-i Cos., 1.., C, and II. 44 ; so in editions.
58 RITES OF DURHAM.
Roll, (XXVIII. Bishops buried within the Abbey Church).
1600.
The names of all the Bushops of Durisme as weare
Sumpteouslye Buried out of ye ehapter house, wthin the
Abbaie churche of Durisme, in such forme and fashio as
they weare accustomed to saie mass, wth all there furniture
belonging therto as there pdicessors [Ancestors, H. 45]
had in the chapter house as is afforesaid, in eiiy respectes,
as by there seuall raonum'f over theme ik inscriptions
therevpo may appeare. All which Bushops were great
benefacturs to the said church both duringe there lyves,
and at there death as the historie of yc church more at large
declareth.
Anthony Beeke Bushop of Durisme and patriarche of
Hierusalem was [bury ed betwixt ye 2 Alters of Sl Adyan &
Sl Ellen in yc vtmoste East end of ye Church on yc North
side of Sl Cuthb: shrine in a faire Marble Tombe* vnder a
lardge Marble stone beinge, H. 45] the first Bushop that
eu attempted to be buried in the abbay church out of the
chapter house, and to lye so neare the sacred shrine of
Sacte Cuthbert. [yc wall beinge broken* downe att ye end of
y° Alley to bringe hym in wth his Coffin wch contynued
vntill yc suppression of yL' Abbey, H. 45.] [And ye first
Layman yl ever had any lycense to be buried wthin yc sd
Church was Raphe Lord Nevile" al's Daw-Raby first Earle
of Westniland1 and John Lord Nevile his sonne wth theire
wives who was admitted to be buried in yc body of yc sd
Church betwixt Two Pillers in yc South Angle of ye same
Whose Tombes were standinge very lately vntill the Scottes
were brought Prisoners from Dunbarr and ymprisoned
wthin yc saide Church in ye yeare 1651 wch now are vtterlye
defaced, they had the honno to be buried for yc great
battayle they wonn att Durham where they tooke David
Kinge of Scots Prisoner and where his brother was slayne
wlh many More of yc Nobility of Scotland, soe itt may
seeme yl yL Scotts defaced ther Tombes in remembrance of
that, but more of this shall follow of the manner of yl
battel 1. H. 45].
1 This is a mistake. The first Earl of Westmoreland was the grandson
of the above.
i hi: cemetery garth. 5g
(sO Lodowicus Bellomonte ep'us. Ro,,i
Ricard' de Berye ep us.
Thorn's Hatfeilde* opus.
Walter0 Schirley' ep'us.
Thorn's Langley* ep'us.
Robert0 Neivell ep'us.
Cuthbert? Tunstall, ep'us, being at Commandem1 wth
tharchbushoppe of Canterbery, at Lambethe, there dved a
professed Catholicke, and lyethe buryed in the Church of
Lambeth, where he was first maid Bushop.1
[Cuthbert Tunstall Bpp, beinge depriued of his BPPricke
by queene Kliz : was kept prisoner in the Arehbi'i's house
at Lambeth where hee dyed and was buryed under a faire
marble in the Parish Church of Lambeth where hee was
consecrated Bw 40 yeares before. Cos. ]
(XXIX. The Centry Garth.)
Ait y caste end of the said Chapter howse [At the south
side of the quire, Cos.] there is a garth called yv centric
garth" where all the pors & mounckes was buryed, in v"
said garthe there was a vaulte all sett' wth in of either syd
wth maiso wourke of stone [free stonn, Cos.], $c likewise at
eyther end, tS: oil y myddes of ye said vaut, there dvd lv
a faire throwgli stone X: at either svde of the stone was
open [was a place open, Cos.] so that when any of y
mounckC, was burved Looke what bones was in his grave,
they wer taiken when he was buryed <Sj throwne in v
saidc vault wcl1 vaut wras maid for vr same purpose [to be a
Charnell house to cast dead mens bones in,* Cos. ]
Also ther was dyuf gentleme oi good wourship that was
buryed in y said centric garth, because they would be
buryed [they desyred to lye, Cos.] neare vnto yl holy ma
S'ct Cuthb: and amongf all other there was one gentlema
of (52) good worn (sic) cauled Mr. Rackett \\ was buryed in
ye said centry garth nigh vnto v i.\ alters dour over against
yc holy ma S1 Cuthb: [S1 Cuthberts shrine, Cos.] wdl had
a faire to um be over him & a fair white Bible stone aboue
1 "done amonges theme selves at a joining ol the paper.
6o RITES OF DURHAM.
Roll, ye Said toumbe, wheron was pictured very curyouslye ye
c. iooo. pjctur 0f y.e sajcj ]yjn Rackett all in Brasse in his cote
arm wth his sword girdyd about him to his side, and at
euy corn of yc said mble stone one of y° iiij evangelistf
all in Brass likwise [cutt in brasse, Cos. ]
There was an other gentleman called Mr. Elmden which
was buryed in the said garth hard wthout the nyne alter
Dure, [besides him, Cos.] wth a faire throwgh stone aboue
hym : w1'1 dyiise other gentleme whiche was buryed there
tyme out of memory all wch ar now defaced & gone1 [whose
memoryes are now perished, Cos.]
Also in the saide place where all the Priors and
Mounckes was buryed in auncyent tyme called the
Centorie garth all which Prio,s, when thei diede had euy
one a goodlie fair throwgh stone layd vpo their Toumbes
or graves: Some of them of mble and some of free stone,
[a tombestone either of marble or free stone, Cos. ] which
stones Deane Whittingh: did cause to be pulled downe
[taken away, Cos.] and dyd breake and deface all such
stones as had any pictures [of brass or other imagerie
worke, interlined] or challices wrought vpo theme. And
the Residewe he caried them all awaie, and did occupie
theme to his owne vse & dide make a washinge howse of
many of them [at the end of the Centorye garth, Cos.] for
women Landerers to washe in, so that it cannott be
decernyd at this psent that eu any hath bene buried in the
said Centorie garth yt is maid so plaine and streight [euen,
Cos.] for he could not abyde anye auncyent monum'f, nor
nothing that appteyned to any godlie Religiousnes or
monasticall liffe. [by which act hee shewed the hatred
that hee bare to the memories of his predecessors in
defacinge so rudely theire ancient and harmlesse monu-
ments, Cos.]
(XXX. Holy-Water Stones).
And also wlllin the said abbei church of Durisme yel
was two Holy Water stones" of fyne mble very artificially
maide and grave and bost wth hollowe Bosses vpo yc outer
1 A heading, " The Cloysters," here follows at a joining of the paper.
HOLY-WATER STONES. 6l
sydes of vr stones verie fvnly & curiouslie wrowghte. Ko11-
The stone at ye north dor [of the church, Cos.] was a fair
grete large one, the other at ye south dor was not halfe so
great nor so large, but of ye same worke that ye other was
of, (53) wch two holie water stones was take awaie* by Deane
Whittingha <S: carved into his kitching & put vnto
pfayne vses : and ther stoode during his liffe in wdl stones
thei dvd stepe vCI beefe and salt fysh in havinge a
conveiance in v bottomes of them for letting furth y<-
water, as thei had when they weare in the church. And
|after his death, Cos.] the great holie water stone is
removed into the lower end of y1' Deanes Buttrie where the
Water Counditt is sett, & next vnto ye Wyne Seller, wher
in now thei [that therein the seruants might, Cos. ] wash
and make cleane ther pottf and cuppes before they sve
theme at vL' table. The foote of ye said greater holie water
stone was laid wthout y° church dor, and now yt is [was
afterwards, Cos. ] placed in ye earthe in Lambes shop y
black smyth vpo fframygaite brige end : and is there
now to be sene.*
Moreoii Mris Whittingha after the death of her husband
toke awaie the lessor holie water stone out of ye Deanes
kitching, and browght yt into her howse in ye bailye
I north balye, Cos. ; North Bailev, H. 44; old bayly (in
Durham), L. ; the (blank) Bayly, C. ; North Bailv, Dav. J
& sett it there in her kitchinge, & also did carrye awaie
dvtise grave stones, of Blewe nible & other throwgh
stones, that did lv vpo yv pors & mounckes out of
y centrie garth when she buylded her house in the
balev, wch stones some of theme ar laid in y1' Threshold of
y dores, and two great ones lyeth wlhout the doures oil
against the waule before her dor [before her front stead, Cos.,
H. 44], for the wch facte she was com play ned vpo and so
laid those two \\lllout ye dour that before was maid wall
fast wlhin her house [wch howse came after to1 Mr. Jo:
Barnes and after to Mr. Jo: Richardson who lived theire
a longe season but in his tyme ther came an olde man wth
comly gray hayres to begg an Almes, and lookeinge
' From this point to the end of the extract tin- writing of MS. II. 4^ U
different.
62 RITES OV DURHAM.
Roll, aboute hym vpon ye Tombe stones wch lay in yc court
' yard saide to ye pty yl came to hym that whilest those
stones were theire nothinge wolde prosper aboute v" howse
and after dius of his children & others dyed so he caused
them to be removed into ye Abbey yard wher now thev
are" but before ye Almes came to serve ye man he was
gone and never seen after wch saide howse is since sould
by Mr. Jo: Richardson his grandchild to one Ambrose
Myers,* a Plommer. this is verified bv dills nowe livinge.
H. 45.] Thus mai yow se how godli thingf, which ar
maid for ye vse of gods svice in ye church ar put now to
pfayne vses, wch were ordeyned affortvme for good &
godly vses in ye church. [thus these sacred monumls
which were erected to continue ye memories of good men
here on earth shee rased and abused them by imploving
them to prophane vses. H. 44.] (54)
(XXXI. A Song School in the Centorv Garth.)*
There was in ye Centorie garth in vnder ye south end of
ye church, cauled ye south end of y ix alters [in ye
Sanctuarv yard att ye backe syde of yL' ix Alters, H. 45]
betwixt two pillers" adioyning to yL' ix alter Dour, a song
schoole buylded, for to teach vj children for to learne to
singe for ye mayntenance of gods Divine svice in ye
abbey church, wch Children had there meat and there
drinke of ye house coste amonge the children of thalmarie,*
wch said schoole was buylded many yers since wthout
memorie of man, before the suppression of ye house : and
ye said schoole [was builded together with the church, and
Cos.] was verie fynely bourded wlhin Rownd about a
mannes hight about yu waules and a long deske [did
reache, Cos.] frome one end of ye scoole to thother to laie
there bookes vpo, and all the floure Bourded in vnder
foote for warmnes, and long formes sett fast in ye ground
for ye Children to sitt on. And ye place where yL" m1 did
sitt* & teach was all close bordede both behinde and of
either syde for warmnes, And ye said mr was bownd [his
office was to teach those 6 children to singe and Cos. 1 to
plaie on y( orgains eiiy pncipall daie, when ye mounckf
THE CLOISTERS. 63
did sino- ther high messe & likewise at evinsong, but v Ro''>
niouiiekC when thei weare at there mattens & svice at mya-
nighte, thene one of y said mounckf did plaie on theorgains
themeselves & no otber, so that y nv was not bownd to
plaie but on v pneipall dates in \" high messe tyme & at
evinsqng as is afforsaide. Also ye m1 of y said Childrin
bad his chamber nyghe vnto y said schoole a litle distant
from it where he did live, having his meite & drinke in y
pors ball, emongf v pors gentleme* and all his other
necessaries found of y-' por tS: of ye house coste besydf,
vntill such tyme as ye bouse was supprest, and shortlie
after because ther was no techinge in that scoule any
long , but tawght in an otber place or scoule appointed
for y1 purpose, so that ye foresaid scoole in ye Centorie
garth is clene gone to decaie and pulled downe that one
cannot tell almost" in what place yt did stand.
(XXXII.) The Cloysters.i
The xiij0 yere (sic) of ye Callandf ; of aprill 'DC'lxxxvij0
[6S4, Cos. and H. 44, wrongly; 687, L., C, rightly] Sncte
Cuthbert endyd his liffc, and was buryed in Holy Eland
(where he was buship iij° yeres) in Sacte Peters church, (55)
by ye alter of ve east svde in a grave of stone that was for
hi me maid to be buried in, & also xj° yere after that he had
bene beryed & lyne there, in Sacte Peters church in Holy
eland, he was taken out of y ground the xiij° of the
callandf of aprill in v same Callendf that he dyed in,
whole King like to a ma sleping, being found saife «S:
vncorrupted & lveth waike,* and all his masse clothes saife
& freshe as thev weare at ye first houre that they weare put
on him, and inshrvned him in a fereture light* [a little,
Cos., H. 44, L., C, Dav.2\ aboue the pavement, and there
he stoode many adav, he was anckor xiij° yere, also he
was mouncke xxxvij0 vere and after xiiij° yeares abbot.
[he is said to be descended* of the blood Royal o( the Ms- ' -■■
kings o( Ireland, being son of one Muriardach and
Sabina his wife, that was daughter unto a King there,
' Below tliir^ heading, at a joining of the paper, "When Sacte Cuthb :
was taiken vp at Chester by aven," erased,
-' Omitu-il in later editions.
64 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. l., jie was brought up in the Abbey of Mailros, first
under (his predecessor) Eata, and afterwards under
Boisill, who succeeded Eata there, after the death of
Boisill, he was made Abbot of that Monastery which he
ruled with great care and sincerity, he was Anchor thirteen
veares, also he was Monk thirty seven yeares, and Abbot
fourteen yeares. Also in the year 855 Eardulf being Bpp,
at which time certain Danes and Pagan Infidels of sundry
other nations invaded and destroyed the Realm of England
in diverse places, and after a certain space Halden King of
the Danes with a great part of navy, and army of the
infidells arrived in Tinmouth haven intending to sojourne
there all the winter Season following, and in the next suilier
he meant with all his power to invade spoil and destroy the
County of Northumberland whereof when Eardulf the Bpp
had intelligence he with all his clergie and people after
long consultation had among themselves, what course was
to be taken in that extremity, for eschewing the barbarous
cruelty of the savage and merciless Infidells, and in the end
calling to memory the words and monition delivered by Sl
Cuthbert to his brethren a little before his departure out of
this life (who amongst other wholesome counsells and
godly admonitions then delivered and uttered these or the
like words, viz. If you my brethren shall be at any time
hereafter, urged or constrained unto one of the two
extremities following, I do much rather wish, and choose
that ye shall take my bones up, and flie from these places,
and take your place of abode, and stay, wheresoever
Almighty God shall provide for you, than by any means to
submit yourselves to the yoke and servitude of wicked
schismatiqf , which words he then spake, by the spirit of
Prophesie foreseeing the perills of the times to come.
L., C, Dav.\
Roil, And also Buship Eardulfe and abbott Edrede* (56)
c 1600. ^j^ tajke> Carry, & beare awaie ye bodie of Sacte
Cuthb: frome Holy Eland southward, and fledd vij° yere
from towne to towne for ye great psecuc'on & slawghter
of the panymes & Danes ; and me of yL' shire* when they
sawe that S;1cte Cuthb: bodye was gone they leift there
landi & there good\ & followed after; & so ye bush: ye
i6oo.
THE CLOISTERS. f>.S
abbott, and the reste, being weirye of travellinge thought Ki;n
to haue stowlne awaye & caried S*cte Cuthb: body into1
Ireland for his better saifftie, and being vpo y sea in a
shippe, was by myricle nivcilous by iij° waves of water
was turned into bloode.* The shippe that they weere in,
was drove back by tempest & by ye mightie powre of god
(as it should seame) vpo yc shore or land. And also y
saide shippe that they weere in (by ye grete storme &
strong Raging walls of yL' sea as is aforesaid) was turned
on ye one syde, and ye booke of ye Holie Evangelistf* fell
out of ye ship into ye bottom of ye sea, the wch booke being
all addorned wlh gould & psious stones of ye out syde, &
they being all troubled wth great sorrowe for ye losse
o( v said booke, one Hunredy being admonished and
eofnaunded by ye visio of S:1cte Cuthb: [appearinge,
interlined] to seeke yc booke that was loste in ye sea, iij°
myles & more fro ye land, & as they weere admonishede
they found y booke much more bewtifull than it was
before1 both in l'res & leaves excelling ye vtter bewtie of ye
cover, being nothing blemyshed by ye water, as thoughe it
had been towched by some heavenly powere. And also by
the foresaid visio of Sacte Cuthb: [being vpon the shore,
interlined] thev sawe a bridle hinging in a tree, & lookynge
aboute hym he dyd see a read horse" wth cufnyng towardt
him, by gods pvisio dyd offer him selfe to be brydled, to
ease ycl travell in cariage of the beare wherein Sacte
Cuthbt: bodie laide.
And then they went wth him to crake mynster & Rested
there iiij0 monthes wlh his body and afterward brought him
to Chester [Cuneagecester (now called Chester in the streat),
L., C, Dav.] the yeare of ye incarnac'on "CCCCCCCC*
lxxxiij0 from Sacte Cuthbtf daie at least 'C'xxvi0 past since
Aldun<; fledde away wth yfc bodie of Sacte Cuthb*: when it
had lyne at Chester -C:xiij0 yere for ye great psecuc'on
& Robbing & spoiling of ye panemes or Danes, and fled
to Rippon w1'1 his body [to lye by the bodye of holy
Sl Wilfride, Cos.], [and wthin iiij° monthes]1 there warres
dyd seas, [& then]2 cumynge back againe when all was
1 "When" erased, and these words interlined.
Over " & " erased.
5
66 RITES OF DURHAM.
Roll, in quietnes thinkinge to haue browght hime back to
' Chester againe, & cuminge wth hime on yc east syde of
Durhm, to a place called Warde Lawe,*1 they could no
further beare him,
[They could not with all their force remove his body
from thence, which seemed to be fasten'd to the ground.
Dav.]
(57) [f°r tnat ^e Chariott wherein the holy Corps was
carried miraculously stood immoveable either by the
strength of man or beast. L., C]
the Buship & ye people fasted iij° daies, and praied to
god wth great Reuence & devoc'6 to knowe from god what
they shoulde doe wth him, and Revelac'on had they to
carry him to Dun home,
[and revelation had they (being revealed to one Eadmer
a vertuous man) to carry him to Dunholm (which is
compounded of two Saxon words, Dun signifying an hill,
and Holm an Island in a river (and there he should receive
a place of rest) and as they were going, etc. L., C]
and as they weare going they had intelligence by a woma
lacking her kowe* where yl Dunhome was, and streight
way they brought hime to that place of Dunhome
myriculouslye in yp yere of olir Lord DCCCCXCv where
there was nothing but a great Rush of thornes* and other
thick woodf growinge, and there for to reaste and Remayne
for no further they could cary him. And there they
buylded a litle chappell of wandf* [and bowes of trees, L.,
C] & ther in they him layd or sett vntill such tyme as a
better kirke was buylded. The Buship came wth yc corse,
and with all his force dyd wourship it, also he fynes ye
place ther defensable wth thick woodf & great Rushes as is
aforesaid, vntill Vthred earle of northumberland caused all
the Countrye to taike in hand to hewe & cute downe all ye
woode that there was growing to make vt inhabitable &
then ye buship beganne to worke, and buylde, & to make
a mykle kirke of stone, and whels it was in makinge fro me
ye Wandyd kirke or chapell they brought yc body of that
' Warden-law, L. ; Wardlaw, Jlnv. ; Wardenlawe, C, Hunter's and
Sanderson's editions.
THE CLOISTERS. 67
holie ma S'cte Cuthb't: & translayted him into an other Roll,
White Kirke so called, <S: there his body Remayned iiij"
veares, while \" more kvrke* was buvlded, tlien the Buship
Aldun" dxd hallowe v mure kyrk or gret kirke so called
before v kallendC of September, & translated Sncte Cuthb:
body out o( v white kirke into v great kyrke as sone as ye
great kirke was hollowed {sic) to more worship then before./
Also Aldun0 dyd ordayne & make ye buship sea to be onelv
ther in Durh™ contynewally for eii. King Oswald &
aydane first began ne the bushipes sea in Holy Eland1 from
ye wch tvme "CCClxj0* to \" cufnvnge of Aldun^2 who
ordanvd the bushipes sea of Durham, fro yc tyme that Sacte
Cuthbt: passed out of this world3 fro thence it was 'CCC'ix0
\ cures & then Aldun0 depted hence out of this world iij°
veres after* yl he had founded & stablished ye bushipes sea.
The buvldinge & first foundinge of ye abbei church in
Durh™ vl now is was in ye vere of o~ Lord-* ■M'xxii0 yeres
paste, bv Bushippe Will'm and Prio' Turgott* wth all y
mounkf, wch caused ye old church buylt by Aldun0* to be
pulled downe, & buylding it anewe begining at ye first
floore. Thei weare ye first yl laid ye first foundac'on of y
($S) stones in ye ground woorke where ye grete abbey church
is nowe founded [and builded, L., C] Bushippe Will'm
caused to make all ye great kirke & caused ye mounkf dalie
for to woorke at it out of service tyme. The buship ordey ned
before ve people por Turgot to be Asdeacon [Archdeacon,
Cos., H. 44, L., C, and edd.] before he dyed, &also his vicar
generall. And ye foresaid buship Wyll'm did place ye
mounckf of Jarrowe & Wermouthe being of Sl Benedictf
order in yL Rowmes of ye Cannons for ther evill &
nawghtie livinge. And when yc abbey church was buylded
& finished* then was he taike vp out of thother church
called yL White church,* & translaited & browght into y
said Abbey church, being inshryned aboue ye ground of
iij° yerdt highte in a most Sumptuous & goodlie shrine
aboue yc high alter called yL" fereture.* And y° booke of yc
holie Evangelest wch was lost in yL" sea* as is aforesaide,
a.d. 635. A.n. 995.
A.D. 687. 4 A.D. IO93.
6S RITES OF DURHAM.
Roll, Was pserved & keapt in ye said monasticall or abbey church
' of Durhm where yc bodie of holie Sl Cuthb: doth lie as a
place most worthie of so psyous a booke browghte to light
againe thorowgh his Revelac'on.*
(XXXIII. The Cloisters. Saint Cuthbert's Tomb).
And there was maide a faire toumbe of stone* in ye
cloyster garth, a yerde hight fro ye ground where yl holie
ma was first browght to & laide, [when he was translated
owte of the White Church to be laide in ye Abbey Churche,
H. 45] & a faire great broad playne throwghe stone layd
aboue ye said toumbe. Then afterward was there a goodlie
& verie large & greate thicke Imadge of stone, beinge ye
picture of yl holie ma S'cte Cuthb: verie fynely and
curiouslie pictured & wrowghte in ye saide stone wth
paintinge & giltinge mveilous bewtifull & excellent to
beholde in forme & fashio as he was accustomed to saie
masse wth his myter on his head & his croisier staff in his
hand. And ye said picture was caried & laid aboue ye said
toumbe of stone : yt was rered vp of either syde & at both
endf aboue ye said stone wourke verie close wth wood
stanchels yl a ma coulde not haue gotten in his hand betwixt
one stanchell & another, but haue looked in & sene ye
picture of yl holie ma Sl Cuth: lyinge therein, and coiled
oil aboue all verie fynely & closlie wth lead like vnto a
litle chappell or church wch did stande contynewallie vnto ye
suppressio of ye house, as a memorie and speciall monum1*
of ye first cumynge of that holie ma Sl Cuth: being onely
maid (59) & placed yer to yl end, wch did stand in ye cloister
garth oil against ye ploure dour where thorowgh ye
mounckes was caried to be buried wch is nowe maid a
Regisf house,* and also it did cotynue to yL> suppressio of
ye house as is aforesaid & after vnto ye tyme of Deane
Home & the he caused ye said monum1 to be pulled down
& converted ye leadf & all to his owne use. & yc said
Image of St. Cuth: was sett on y* one syde against ye
cloister wall oil annenst ye pier dor as yei go thorowgh
into ye Senturie Garth : & after when Whittingha came
to be deane he caused ye saide Image to be defaced &
THE CLOISTERS. 69
broken all in peaces, to thintent that there should be no K"11,
memory nor token 01 that holie ma S'ete Luthbert wcn was
.sent iS: browght thether by v powre & will o( almightie
god \\ih was v occasio of ye buylding of the sayde
monasticall Church and House where they haue all there
livingf and couiodities to lyve on at this daie.
[Although he was sent by merviie from god & by whose ^Is- H. 45,
meanes ther was soe great revenues geiven to y Church.
And now all whole taken away c\: y Church and all therto
ready to come downe. And in y first yeare of King
Edw: \" 6th ther was certaine comm15* apoynted to deface
all Popishe ornamb in pishe churches whose names were
Docto Harvy and Docto Whitby* who did deface a
goodly & rich Shrine in Sl Nicholas church called Corpus
Christi Shrine wdl Docto Home" did treade and breake
in peices wlh his feet wth many other ornamentf. H. 45.]
(XXXIV. Thk Cloistkks.1)
[The 13th day of the Kalends of Aprill 684, [687, note by MS. Cos.,
Dr. Hunter \ Sl Cuthb. ended this life and was buryed
in St. Peters church in the holy Island, where he BiJi> 3
yeares) in a graue of stone that was made on purpose for
him to bee buryed in. And 11 yeares after hee was taken
out of the ground the 13th of the Kalends of Aprill in the
same Calends that hee dyed, and his bodye was found safe
iS: uncorrupt and lyinge like one asleepe, with all his
masse cloathes safe and fresh as they were at the first
when they were put on him, at which time they enshrined
him in a feretor a little aboue the pauement of the church
where hee lav a long space. And after(6o)ward Eardulphus
Bpp and Abbot Kadred about the yeare 890 did carrye away
his bodye from holv Island southward, and fled with it 7
yeares from towne to towne, because of the great perse-
cutions and slaughters wch were made by the painims and
the Danes. And the men of that Hand when they sawe
that the body of theire holy Saint was gone, they left
1 The two preceding Chapters or Sections as they stand in tin* MS. Cosin
afford so many important additions and various readings that they are here
subjoined at length. They are almost the same in II. 44 and in the
editions. But MSS. I., and C, on the whole, correspond with the Roll.
/O RITES OK DURHAM.
MS. Cos.. theire land, and goods, and followed after him, and the
Bpp and the Abbott and the rest beinge wearyed with
their dangerous trauells, thought to haue stollen away and
to haue carryed the body of theire holy Sl along with them
into Ireland hopinge there to bee safe and quiet, and
beinge uppon the sea in a shipp 3 waues miraculously
were turned into bloud and the shipp was driuen back by
tempest unto the shore againe and by the boysterous
windes and raginge waues it was turned on the one side,
and the booke of the holy Euangelists (curiously written
and adorned with gold and pretious stones on the couer)
did fall out of the shipp into the bottome of the sea, w^'1
disaster did sore perplex and afflict them, but Sl Cuthbert
beinge loath to see his honourers so sore troubled and so
full of sorrow, did appeare in a uision unto one Hundredus
and comanded him that they should seeke diligently for
the booke uppon the coastes there aboutes, where they
found it 3 miles from the sea shore Cast (as it seemed) by
the force of some waue and carried thither by the uiolence
of some happye gale of winde or by some diuine power for
the comfort and confirmation of these faintinge monkes in
theire religious worsP of Saint Cuthb: wch holy booke was
far more beautifull and glorious to looke uppon both
within and without then it was before, beinge nothinge
blemished with the salt water, but polished rather by some
heauenly hand, wch did not a little increase theire ioy, but
beinge wearyed with the seekinge of that booke, and with
bearinge about Sl Cuthberts bodye (see againe the com-
passion of theire saint) hee presented to their eyes a bridle
hanginge upp in a tree, and a redd horse runninge towards
them, wch did offer himselfe to bee bridled and to ease
theire paines in caryinge of the chest wherin Sl Cuthberts
body was laid, uppon wch horse they caryed him to Crake
minster, and rested them 4 moneths, and from thence
brought him to Chester Anno Do: 887 : [833, in marg. by
Hunter] where they remained 113 yeares duringe the rest
of the time of the Danes warrs, in the end wherof Aldwinus
then Bpp fledd with Sl Cuthberts body to Rippon to lye by
the bodye of holy Sl Wilfride, but 4 moneths after theire
ariuinge at Rippon, the Danes warrs did cease, and then
THE CLOISTERS. 71
intend(6i)inge to brincre him backe againe to Chester, and Ms- *-',,s--
— • • 1 1 • 1 • 1 ' c 1 a 1 - 1 c- i(j2°-
coininge with him on the east side ol Uurna to a place
called Ward-lawe they could not with all their force remoue
his bodve from thence w,h seemed to bee fastened to the
ground, which strange and unexpected accident wrought
great admiration in the harts of the Bpps monkes and theire
associates, and erg,1 they fasted and prayed tliree dayes
with greate reuerence and deuotion, desiringe to know by
reuelation, what they should doe with the holie bodye of
Saint Cuthb: Wch thinge was granted unto them, and therin
they were directed to carrye him to Dunholmne, but
beinge distressed because they were ignorant where
Dunholme was (see theire good fortune) as they were
goinge a woman that lacked hir Cowe did call aloude to
hi r companion to know if shee did not see hir, who
answered with a loud uoyce that hir Cowe was in Dun-
holme (a happye and heauenly Kccho to the distressed
monkes, who by that meanes had intelligence that they
were at the end of theire iourney) where they should finde
a restinge place for the body of theire honoured saint, and
theruppon wlh great ioy, and gladnesse brought his body
to Dunholme, Anno Domini 999 [Hunter in marg. 995 j,
W* was inculta tellus a barbarus and rude place reple-
nished with nothinge but thornes and thick woods saue
only in the midst where the Church now standeth which
was plaine and coiriodious for such a purpose, where they
first builded a little Church of wands and branches wherin
they did lay his body (and thence the church was after-
wards called bough church) till they did build a more
sumptuous church, wherin they might inshrine him,
which they assayed to doe with all theire power, Vthred
Earle of northumberland aidinge them, and causinge all
the cuntry' to cutt downe the wood and thorne bushes wch
did molest them, and so made all the place where the citye
now standes habitable and titt to erect buildinges on,
which gaue great encouragement to Alwinus the Bpp to
hasten the finishinge of his church, w,h accordingly did,
and then did translate Sl Cuthberts body from the wanded
1 So in .MS., lor ergo.
72 KITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Cos., [or bowg,1 interlined] church, to the white Chapell (for so
it was called) which hee had newly built, wch was a part* of
the great church, wch was not yett finished where it lay 4
yeares, but after the great church was finished and conse-
crated uppon the 20th of September hee translated his
bodye out of the white Chappell into the great Church
which hee made a Cathedrall erectinge his Bpps sea at
Duresme (where it still remaineth) about 377 [Hunter in
marg. 361] yeares after it was first founded in the holy
Hand by Sl Aidaine, and saint Oswald wch was (62) Anno
Dom : 635 ; and ^t, [Hunter in marg. 309] yeares after
the death of Sl Cuthb: wch was Anno Dom: 684: [read
687] wch sd Aldwinus Bpp dyed 3 [read 2T,]2 yeares after hee
had founded his Bpps sea in Duresme, and finished his Cathe-
drall church in the yeare 1020. wch church was famous
with the succession of six Bpps in it. But Willia Carlipho
beinge not well content with the smalnesse and home-
linesse of that buildinge did pull it all downe 76 yeares
after Aldwinus had finished it : and in stead thereof did
erect the magnificent and famous buildinge which is now
to bee seene, Malcolme kinge of Scotts, Turgott then prior
of the church, and himselfe lyinge the first 3 stones in the
new foundation uppon the 30 day of July (as some say)
or uppon the 1 1 of August (as others affirme) Anno Domi :
1093 ; [For which famous work," Anthony Beak (one of his
Successors) with a great sum of Money got him to be
Canoniz'd, Dav.] and caused the monkes to labour in that
holy worke all the daye longe excepting onely meale times
and times of prayer, [king Malcolme being the chief
benefactour in the building thereof, L., C, Dav.] and
appointed Turgott then prior to bee his Archdeacon, and
Vicar generall within his diocesse, and goinge to Rome
two yeares before his death hee obtained license of pope
Gregory the 7th to remoue the monkes wch were at
Wermouth and at Jarrow, wdl were of the order of Sl
Benett to his church at Durha, where hee placed them in
the roomes of the Cannons, wch hee expelled for theire
lewd and lazy Hues, but hee did not liue to see his church
' Reading doubtful ; H. 44 and editions have " bough."
- See note on page 67.
Mil: CLOISTERS. 73
finished for lie dyed A. I): 1095 two yeares after hee had MS. Com.
laid the foundation, And Ranulph Flamberd his successor
fauouringe and with all his might furtherance so good a
worke did in the 29 yeares that he was BPP build the s'1
church from the foundatio allmost to the coueringe, but it
was not fully finished till the time that Nicholaus Farnam
was BPP and Thomas Melseome1 was prior, which two
good men did areh it ouer" A° 1242 and lye burved both
under one stone in the ehapter house but longe before the
church was finished, the body of S' Cuthb: was translated
againe, out of v elovster garth where Willia Carlipho Bpp
had made him a verve sumptuous tombe to lye in when he
iemoned him out of the old church wch Aldwinus built for
him, wcl> was then taken downe that this faire church now-
extant might bee erected in the same place where that old
church was, In wdl new church was builded a faire and
sumptuous shrine, about 3 yards from the ground on the
back side of the great Altar wch was in the east end of the
quire, where his body was solemnly placed in an iron chest
(63) within the s(1 Shrine, where it lay quietly without
molestation till the suppression of the church (as is aboue
related) and the booke of the 4 Euangelists wdl fell into the
sea, and was so miraculously brought to land, and found
againe was laid on the great Altar as a fitt monument
to preserue the memory of so great a Sl. And at the
west end of the church Hugo Pudsey Bpp of Durha and
Harle of Northumberland [King Stephen's nephew, Dav.]
did build a uery faire ehappell which hee dedicated to
the uirgin mary, [and was called the Galilee, ox our
Ladv's Chappel, but now simply called the Consistory,
Dav.] and there in a siluer Caskett gilt with gold hee
laid the bones of uenerable Bede, and erected a costly
and magnificent shrine oner it (as aboue is declared).
[He also Founded the Priory of Fiuklev, in honour of
Sl Gordrick the Hermite. He Founded also the Hospital!
o\ Xllerton,' and the famous Sherburne-1 lospital, near
Durham. He built also Elvet-Jjridge over the Weer,
with two Chappels upon it. He also built both a Mannor,
1 Should In' "Melsonby." " Melscomb," II. 44; "Melseome," Dav, ;
" Melsonby,' II. editions and Sanderson,
74 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Cos., and Church at Darlington'; and he bought of King
Richard the First the Earldome of Sadberge* for his
Successors. Dav.] And because those holy Bishops and
Monkes woold not bee vnmindfull of the least fauour
which was done for them, and for the honour of theire
holy Sl, Aldwinus on the out side of his Church," and
Ranulph Flambard, accordinge to the intention of Willia
Calipho the founder) did erect a monument [made the
Pourtraiture, Dav.] of a milke maide milkinge hir kowe,"
on the outside of the north-west turrett of the nine altars,
at the buildinge of the new church, in a thankfull remem-
brance of that maide which so fortunately in theire great
perpexitye directed1 them to Dunholme where the body
of theire great saint was to rest untill the resurrection,
which monument though defaced by the weather) to
this day is there to bee seene. MS. Cos in.]
[XXXV.] [The discription of the tombe wch William
Calipho erected for Sl Cuthbert in the Cloyster
jrarth till a faire shrine mio-ht bee made in his
new church wherin hee might be inclosed.
Willia Carlipho Bpp of Durham before hee tooke downe
the old church builded by Bp Aldwinus did prepare a
faire and beautifull tombe of stone in the cloyster garth
a yeard high from the ground, where Sl Cuthb: was laid
untill his shrine was prepared for him in the new church
that now is, ouer which tombe was layd a faire and comely
marble, but when his body was translated to the feriture
wher it was (64) inshrined in honour of him, they made
a goodly large and curious Image of marble representinge
Sl Cuthbert, in that forme in wch he was wont to say
masse, with his miter on his head and his Crosier staffe
in his hand, and his other uestments uery curiously
engrauen on the sd marble wdl after his body was in-
shrined in the new church) was placed2 aboue the sd
tombestone, and round about the sd tombstone both at
the sides and at either end was sett upp neate stanchells
1 MS. has " perpexitye, " and seems to have " directem."
- " Was placed " is repeated in the MS.
THE CLOISTERS. 75
oi wood, ioyned so close that one coutd not put in his ^Is- c°s-
hand betwixt one and other but might onely looke in
and see that exquisite picture wch laid within them, and
was couered aboue with lead like unto a chappell, wh
comely monument did stand in the Cloyster garth (till
the suppression o\' the Abbey) oner against the parlour
dore through w<* the monkes were carved into the Centrye
garth to bee buryed wdl Parlour is now turned into a
storehouse and a roomc made aboue it for the registers
office, But shortly after the Abby was supprest, deane
Home tooke downe that faire and ancient monument,
and conuerted the leads and wood and stone thereof to
his owne use vet left the Image of Sl Cuthbert perfect
and sett it on the side of the cloyster wall against the
said parlour dore through which the monks went into
the centrye garth, But when deane Whittingha did
beare authoritie in this church, hee caused that Image,
as hee did many other ancient monuments) to bee taken
downe and broken in peices beinge religiously loath (as
it should seeme) that any monument of Sl Cuthbert, or
of any man (who formerly had beene famous in this
church and great benefactors thereunto, as the priors
his predecessors were) should bee left whole and u tide-
faced, in memorye or token of that holy man Sl Cuthbert,
wch was sent and brought thither by the power and will
of allmightie god, which was the occasion of the buildinge
o( the s'1 monasticall church and house where they haue
all theire liuinges and cofnodities to Hue on at this day.
MS. Cos in. ]
(XXXVI. Tin-: Cloister.) The east Alley.
And also vt was long & many yeres after or (euer, Cos,] Roll,
the cloyster was buylded vnto ye tyme o\ Buship Skirley c* lb00*
(65) [Skirlawe, Cos.] and Bushop Langley, who were y<
first founders
I And also it was long and many veares after on (sic) MS. L.,
the Cloyster unto the time o( Hpp. Walter Skirlam (sic) ,t>5b'
who was first consecrated Hpp. o( Litchfield, he satt there
one year and was translated to Wells, there two veares.
76 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. L., ancj jn September 1388 removed to Durham, he gave
towards the building the Cloyster two hundred pound in
his life time, and four hundred pound in his will (he
bestowed also two hundred and twenty pound in building
the Dirivatory*) he satt Bpp. of Durham 18 yeares, and
died in the beginning of the year 1406, and after him
Thomas Langly Bpp. gave to the building of the said
Cloisters 838//. 17^. ob. so that these two Bishopps were
the first founders L., C, Harl., Dav.]
Roll, & buylders of ye said Cloyster and dyd bear all yc
°' charges of the buylding and workmanship of y° said
worke and was the first that dyd cause from ye cloister
dour to yc church dour to be sett in glasse in yc wyndowes
yc hole storie & myricles1 of that holie ma Sacte Cuthb:
from ye daie of his Nativitie & birth vnto his dyinge daie,
and ther yow should haue sene and beholden his mother
lying in her child bedd [and how that, Dav. ] after she
was delyued, the brighte beames* dyd shyne fro heave
vpo her & vpo ye child where he did lye in ye Cradle,
that to euy mans thinking yc Holie ghoste had over
shadowed hime : for euy one that did se yt [sitt, Cos.]
dyd thinke that yc house had bene [set, Cos.] all on fyre,
yc beames dyd shine so bright 011 all ye house both wthin
& wthout : and also ye Bushop baptized ye childe & did
call him Mullocke [hullocke or Yullocke ?, Cos. ; Yullock,
Dav.] in the Irishe tounge ; the wch is in Inglishe asmuch
as to saie Cuthbert, the foresaid Bushops name who
baptized and [who, etc., interlined over that, erased] had
ve keapinge of ye vertuouse and godly childe is called
Vgeni9, ye name of the Citie that ye childe Sacte
Cuthbert was baptized in is called Hardbrecins* [hard
brecumb, Cos.], for he was blessed of god evin fro his
mothers wombe so1 that euy myracle that he did after
frome his Infancye was sett there by it selfe, & in vnder
euV mvracle there was Sertain verses" sett furthe in latten
that dyd declaire the contentf and meaning of euy myracle
and storie bv yt selfe in most excellent coulered glasse,
most artifficiallye sett furth and curiouslie [marueilouslye,
1 " blessed " " wombe so " repeated on joining of paper.
NIK CLOISTERS. 77
Cos.] wrowght being lyvelie to all y beholders thereof, Ro,,i
and the storie wrh was in the wyndowes there, was onelv
sett vp in yl place by y charges of thes two godly and well
disposed Bushoppf to be annexed and adioyned wth the
said ton m be* in ye cloister garthe [in, etc., interlined], & his
pieture thervpo most lvvelv to beholde to be a memoriall
of v<- said holie man Sacte Cuthb: that euv one that came
thorowghe the Cloyster mighte se all his liffeand myracles
from his birth & Infancy vnto his dying day, and he was
o "... r.
Coined of a pncelie Raice\ ffor his father was prynce &
his mother a princes dowghter, as mav a peare by v
history at large. And after in kyng Edward tvme
[vj°. , interlined] this story was pulled downe by Deane
Home & broken all to peces, for he might neu abyde any
auncient monum'f, actes, or deades, that gave any light
of godly Religion.
Also ther is in ye said Cloist1 aboue hed, (in sellering in
Wainscot,1) certaine Bushopf armes* and noble mes armes,
(66) both knightf and me of wourship who had bestowed
any thing of vl church.
(XXXVII. The Cloister. Maundy Thursday.)
There was a goodlie [goodly, L.; godly, Cos., H. 44;
certaine, C. ; a ceremony, H. 4^1 ceremonve wch ye
por and the Mounckes dyd \se eu\- Thursdaie before east'
called maundy thursdaie,* the custoume was this, ther
were xiij° [xviij, Cos. and Dav. ] poore aged me* appoynted
to cume to y cloyster as that daie, havinge there feete
clene washed there to remayne till such tvme as v por &
the whole covent dyd cume thether at ix a clock, or ther
aboutt\ y aged me sytting betwixt ye pier dour & \-
Church dour, vpon a fair longe broad thicke fourme,* wrh
fourme laie on iij° peces of wood, euy pece pictured like
unto a ma antick wourke verie fynely wrought, being
placed for y feite of y< fourme, in vnder either end one,
& one in v mvddf, W<* forme dvd stand alwaies in V
* *• 1
church beyond y Revester dour betwixt two pillers oil
i\: against y° quere doure on v southsyd of v quere, \vlh
1 Interlined in blacker ink, by a different bul eoaeval hand ; alsii in I.., c'.
78 RITES OF DURHAM.
Roll, fourme was taiken & caried euy maundie thursdaie before
C. 1600. . . , 4) r
easter to ye cloister, where ye por alter certaine praiers
said, one of his svantf did bring a fair baison, wth clene
water, & ye por dyd washe* ye poore mens fete, all of
theme, one after an other wth his owne handf, <& dryed
them wth a towell, and kissed ther feite hime selfe, wch
being- done, he did verie liberally bestowe xxxd in money* of
euy one of theme, wth vij° reade herringr/ a pece, and did
sve them him selfe, wlh drinke & iij° loves of bread, wth
certaine wafers*, and when all was done ye forme wch was
ordayned onely for that purpose, was caried againe into ye
church, & sett in ye same place where yt was taken fro
that me might also sit on yt ther, when they came to here
devine svice [wch fourme is yet remaynynge vnder ye te
deum wyndowe & the clock.1]
MS. L., [Also when one goeth forth of the Cloyster, through an
1656. Entry in(;0 the Deans Lodgin at the head of the staires
behind the door called the Usher door," and on the right
hand behind ye sd door there is another door that goeth
into the Register, wherein certain old written bookes of
records of Evidence of the Monasticall house of Durham
did lie, and also there did lie, a Copie of the foundation of
the hospitall of Greatham," which was also registred in the
said old written (67) bookes of records, and there to be found
if anything should chance by misfortune of fire or other-
wise unto the foundation of the said hospitall of Greatham,
which Register house was a long time without memory
both before and after the suppression of the house, a
Register, and the keeper of the said Register was called
George Baites and he was also the Clerke of the Feretorie
at that time, and it was near the Register house untill of
late that M1" Tobias Matthew" Dean of Durham altered the
state of it unto another place called the Parlour as is
aforesaid. L., C, Dav.]
(XXXVIII. The Cloister.) The South Alley.
Roll, There was on ye south syde of ye cloister adioyni'ge to ye
c' ' °°' side of yu cloister dour a stoole or seat* wth iiij° feete & a
1 Added in a coaeval hand ; also in L. , C, and H. 44.
THE PRATER HOUSE. 79
back of wood ioyned to y said stoolc wch was maid fast in Ro11-
v wall for V porter to sytt on \v,h did keapc y*' cloister
doure. And before the said stoole it was bourded in vnder
foote for warmenesse : and he that was yL' last porter ther
was called Edward Pattinson ; And fro y said stoole
westward on ye south svde there was a faire longe bench
of Stone' almost to y1' frater hous donr, where on dyd syt
certen Childrin a Row from ye one end to y other, vpo
Maundv thursdaie before easter, being maide for that
purpose : Where all y whole covent of Mounckf at that
same present tyme had euv one of them a boy appointed
them sytting vpo y saide bench, wher y said monkf dyd
wash v said childryns feete, & dryed them wth a towell wctl
being done they dyd kisse yc said childrins fete eiiy one of
those he washed, giving to eiiy childe xxxd in mony and
vij° redde heringf & iij° loves of bread, and eiiy one certaine
wafercakes, [a wafer Cake, H. 44] the monckf svinge euv
childe wlh drinke them selues, yc godly ceremony thus
endyd after certaine pL1ers* said, by ye por & ye whole
covent they dyd all dept in great holynesse.
And at ye end of v said bench betwixt it & y frater
house dour, ther was a fair almerie Joyned in y wall & an
other of ye other syd of ye said dour, & all yc forept of the
almeries was thorowgh carved worke [for to geve ay re to
the towels1], & iij° dors in ye for pt of either almerie, & a
locke on eiiy doure and euv mounke had a kev for v1' said
almerves wher in did hinge in euv almerie cleane towels
for v mounkf to drie there handf on when they washed &
went to dyn. And the stoole & bench Tobie (68) Mathewe
dean of Durham caused to be taiken downe and maid as
plavne as is v rest of y floore of the Cloyster.
(XXXIX.) The frater house.
In y said south allie of y cloysters is a faire larg
hall' called y frater house" wherein v greate feaste of
Sacte Cuthb: daie in lent was holden,
1 Interlined in a contemporary hand, but in different ink, In L., C, but
not in Cos.
SO RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. L., [In the South Alley of the Cloysters is a fair large Hall
'(,",<>' called the Fraterhouse which is finely wainscotted* both on
the North and Southside thereof, and in the West and neither
[nether, C] part of the Fraterhouse there is a fair long bench
of hewen stone, Mason work to sitt on which is from the
Seller door to the Pantry or Covey door' and above the
Bench is wainscotted work two yards and an half of height,
which is finely carved and sett with Imbroidered work* of
wainscott and guilted under the carved work, and above the
Wainscott, there was a goodly fair great picture of our
Saviour Christ and the blessed Virgin Mary and Sl John
in fine guilting work, and most excellent coloures, which
pictures have been washed over wth Lime, and yet do
appear through the Lime, this Wainscott work hath
engraven in the top of it Thomas Castell Prior Anno Dni
1 518 Mensis Julii, so it is manifest that Prior Castell did
wainscot the Fraterhouse round about, and within the said
Fraterhouse door on the left hand as one goeth in, there is
a very strong Ambry" in the stone wall where a great
Mazer" called the grace cup* did stand in, which did serve
the monkes every day after grace was said to drink in
throughout the table, which cup was largely and finely
edged about with silver and double guilt with gold and
many more large and great Mazers after the same sort,
amongst whom was a goodly great Mazer called Iudas
Cupp,* which was also edged largely and finely about with
silver and double guilt with gold with a foot underneath it
to stand on of silver and double guilt with gold which was
never occupied but on Maunday Thursday at night in the
Fraterhouse, where the Prior and all the whole Covent did
meet and kept their Maundy as that day at night
evermore, and also there did lie in that same Ambry
the goodly Cup called Sl Beedes Bowl, the outside whereof
was of black Mazer," and all the Bowl within the Mazer
was all of silver, and double guilt with gold, and
in the midst of it, was the picture* of that holy man Sl
Beede, sitting as if he had been writing at the foot of
the said bowle, was all of silver and double guilt with
gold, with four joynts of silver* coming down, on every
side one (double guilt with gold) from the edge to the
11II-: PRATER HOUSE. 8l
foot to be taken a sunder, and (6q) all the cheif plate did Mf- ' -••
lie onely in that Ambry, that served the whole Covent in
the said Frater house on the festival dayes, and a fine
work of carved wainscott before it, which had a fine strong
lock on the said Ambry, that none could percieve that
there was any Ambry at all, for the hole of the lock where
the key went in, was under the carved work of wainscott,
also there is another fair large Ambry* within the said
Frater house door, on the right hand as you go to the
Cellar adjoyning to the door, a goodly fair large Ambry
of wainscott having diverse Ambry's within it, finely
wrought and varnished all over with red varnish, wherein
did lie all the Table clothes, and also the Salts and
Mazers, a bason and Ewer of Latten wth other things
did stand within the said Ambry pertaining to the Frater
house and to the Loft where all the Monkes did dine
& sup in, and every Monke had his Mazer* severally
bv himself that he did drink in, and had all other things
that served for the whole Covent, and the Fraterhouse
in their dayly service at their dyett, and at their table,
and all the said Mazers were all largely and finely
edged about with silver, and double guilt with gold,
and also a very fair bason and Ewer of Latten, the Ewer
purtrayed like unto a horse and a man sitting on his
back as if he had been riding a hunting which served
the Sub Prior to wash at the aforesaid table, where he
did sitt as chief,* the bason and Ewer were a very fine
piece of work.
And within the aforesaid Fraterhouse the Prior and
the whole Covent of the Monkes held their great feast
of Sl Cuthberts day in Lent,* having their meals served
out of the Dresser Window of the great Kitchin* into
the Fraterhouse, and their drink out of the great Cellar.
L., C, Dav.]
& in ye est end being y hiest pte of v1' fraterhouse, & Roll,
adioyni'ge to y deanes house was taiken downe by deane c" 1<xx>'
Whittingham y hie roufe of lead, & enclosed it to his
house & vse, and maid it a Matt roufe of lead, whereby
j said deane Whittingha gayned at yi leaste xx1' by
6
82 RITES OF DURHAM.
Ro11- taikei'g downe v said hie roufe of leade, also in yL' said
' east end of ye fraterhouse stoode a fair table wth a decent
skrene of wainscott oil it, being keapt all yL" rest of ye
vere for the mr of the novicies,* & yu novicies to dyn
& sup in [having their meat served in to them in at a
dresser window from the great kitchin into the Prater
house and their drink out of the great Cellar." L., C] at
wch tyme \T(J m1 observed thes holsome and godlie orders
for v Contvnewallie instructing of ther youth in vertew
& lerning : that is one of yL novicies, at y° electio &
appovntment of ye m1, dyd reade suine pte of ye old
& new test'ment, in latten in dyn tyme, having- a
convenyent place at the southe end of ye hie table
wth in a faire glasse wyndowe invyroned wlh Iron, and
certaine steppes of stone, wth Iron rayles of thone syde
to goe vp to it, and to support an Iron deske there
placed, vpo wch laie ye holie bible. Where one of yL
novicies elected by ve m1 was (70) appointed to read a chapter
of ye old or newe testem1 in latten as aforesaid in tvme
of dyn : wch being ended, the mr dyd toule a gilden
Bell* hanging oil his hed therbv givinge warnyng to
one of ye Novicies to cufne to yc hie table & saie grace
and so after grace said, they depted to ther bookes.
(XL. The Laver or Conduit.)
Within ye cloyster garth oil against yL' fraterhouse
dour, was a fair laver or counditt* for ye mounckf to
washe ther handf & faces at, being maid in forme
Round" coiled wlh lead and all of mble saving ye [verie]i
vttermost walls. Wthin ye weh walls yow may walke rownd
about ye laver of mble having many litle Cundittf or
spoutf of brasse' wth xxiiij0 Cockes of brasse Rownd about
yt, havinge in yt vij° faire wyndowes* of stone woorke,
and in the Top of it a faire dovecotte, coiled fynlv
oil aboue wth lead, the workmanship both fyne & costly
as is appar'nt till this daie.* And adioyninge to ve est
syde of the counditt dour, ther did hing a bell* to geue
warning, at a leave of ye clock, for ye mounckf to cufne
wash and dyne, having ther closettf or almeries* on either
1 Tliis word interlined in a hand of the same date, but in different ink,
["HE CLOISTERS. 83
syde o( y frater house Jour keapl alwaies w"1 swete and Ro,,i
clone towels as is aforesaid to drie ther handf.
(XLI. The Cloister.) The Northe Alley.
In the north syde o\' y cloister from ye Corn oil against
v Church Dour to y corner oil againste the Dorter dour
was all tynely glased' from ye hight to y sole wthin a 1 i tie
of \" grownd into ye cloyster garth, & in euy wyndowe
iij" pewes or carrel Is* where euy one of the old monkf
had his Carrel 1 seuall by him selfe, that when they had
dvned they dyd resorte to that place of cloister, and there
studyed vpo there bookf, euy one in his carrell all ye after
nofie vnto evensong tyme, this was there exercise euy
daie : all there pewes or Carrells was all fynely wainscotted,
and verie close all but yL' forept wch had carved wourke vl
gave light in at v" carrell doures of wainscott : and in
euy Carrell was a deske to lye there bookes on ; and \ "
(71) carrells was no greater then from one stanchell of the
wyndowe to another. And over against the carrells against
the church wall did stande staine great almeries* [or
Cupbordt\ H. 45] of waynscott all full of bookes [wth
great store of antient Manuscript^ to help them in ther
studdy, H. 45], wherein dyd lye as well the old auncyent
written Docters* of the Church as other pphane authors,
wth dyuse other holie mens wourkf, so that euy one
dyd studye what Docter pleased them best, havinge the
librarieat all tymes to goe studie in besydes there Carrellf.
(XLII. The Cloister.) The Weaste Alley.
In y-' weast alley of ye cloysters towardf ve northe ende,
vndernethe ye Dorter and adioyning vnto ye staires that
goe vp to y Dorter is ye Threserhouse* (where there
besst evidence c\* yL' chapter seale* ar keapt) of verie strong
and perfect workmanshippe belonginge to y- por and
Covent.
The West Angle.
In yl Angle on y south side of yc Dormiter doore ther is Ms. u. 4:
a stronge howse called y treasure howse where all ther c' 5S"
tresure was kept. And in y- Midst o( itt was a great o(
84 RITES OF DURHAM.
.MS. 11. 45, jron from yc ground to ye Roofe of ye howse wth a doore of
Iron into itt and a faire table wth a green cloth wher also
was kept ye Evidencf & many gentl sent ther evidence to
be kept ther for safety as also ye Chapter seale, And over
agl the tresure howse doore was a place where yc Novices
did learne. And ther was neyther stranger nor any other
suffered to molest them in ther studdy for ther was a
Porter appointed for yl purpose.
The West Alley of ye Cloysters.
ms. l., In the west side of the Cloyster, on the south side of the
1 * * Dorter door, a little distant from the said door, there is a
strong house called the treasure house, where all the
treasure of the house, when it was a religious house did lie,
it hath a very strong door, with two strong lockes upon it,
and within the said treasure house, in the midst of it, a very
fair strong grate of Iron sett fast in the ground work, and
in the roof of the house also, and likewise fast in either
wall the breadth of the house, (being very strong and not
for any to break it) and in the midst of the grate a door of
Iron according to the workmanship of the grate, with a
strong lock on it, and two great slotts of Iron for the said
door, and within the said grate, a fair Ivory squared table*
covered with a green cloth, for the drawing and telling of
their money, which Treasure house is yet to be seen, and
the Evidences of the house and the Chapter Seal with the
evidences of certain gentlemens land in the country, there
lying for safeguard of them, thinking they were more sure
there than they were in their ow custody, being in great
chests, lockt within the said Treasure house, untill now of
late time it is altered and changed, and their treasure and
money kept in a fair strong house over the East gates of
the Abbey in the south Bailey, now called the Exchequer
and in the said old treasury is kept the common Chapter
Seal.
Over against the said Treasure house door, there was a
fair great stall* of wainscott where the Novices did sitt and
learn, and also the master of the Novices had a pretty stall
or seat of wainscott adjoyning on the south side of the
THE DORMITORY. 85
Treasure house door over against the stall where the Nls- '-•-
Novices did sitt and look on their bookes,* and there did ' >'",<''
sitt and teaeli the said Novices both forenoon (72) and after-
noon, and also there were no strangers nor other persons
suffered to molest or trouble any of the said Novices or
Monkes in their Carrel Is, they being studying on their
bookes within the Cloyster, for there was a Porter appointed
to keep the Cloyster door for the same use and purpose.'
L., C, Dav.\
(XLIII.) The Dorter.
Vpon the West syde of the Cloyster there was a faire Ro,1i
large house called ye Dorter* where all ye Mounk(J & ye c"
Novices did lve, euv Mouncke having a I i tie chamber of
wainscott* verie close seuall by them selves & ther wvn-
dowes towardes v° clovster, euv wyndowe servin^e for one
Chambre bv reasoune ye pticio betwixt euv chamber was
close wainscotted one from an other, and in euv of there
wyndowes a deske to supporte there bookes for there
studdie ; In yc weste syde of ye said dorter was yL" like
chambers & in like sort placed wth there wyndowes, and
deskf towardes ye ferniy & ye water, the chambers beinge
all well bourded vnder foute.
[Also the nouices had theire chambers seuerall by MS. Cos.
himselfe not so close, nor so adioyninge [in the South-end c" lbJO*
of the said Dorter, Dav.\ to the foresd chambers hauinge
eight chambers on either side, euery nouice his chamber
seuerall by him selfe, not so close nor so warme as the other
chambers was there was no windowes* to giue light but as
it came in at the foreside of the sd chambers, of the sd
nouices beinge all close els both aboue and at either side.
In either end of the said dorter was a 4 [fair, L., C, Dav.\
square stone, wherin was a dosen cressetts* wrought in
either stone beinge euer filled and supplied with the cooke,
and they needed to giue light to the monkes and nouices
when they rose to theire matters [Mattens, L., C. | at
midnight and for their other necessarye uses. Cos. ]
Also there was a faire large house* and a most decent Roll,
place adioyninge to the west syd of the said Dortre, c"
towardes y water for y mounckes and nouices to resort vnto
<S6 RITES OF DURHAM.
RoNi called the pvies, wdl was maide wlh two greate pillers of
°' stone that did beare vp the whole floore therof, and euy
seate and pticio was of wainscott close of either syde verie
decent so (73) that one of them could not see one another,
when they weare in that place, there was as many seates of
[or, L., C] pvies on either svde as there is litle wyndowes in
v wall [altered to wallf] wdl wyndowes was to gyve leighte
to euy one of the saide seates, wdl afterward was walled vp
to make vc howse more close and in ye height of yc west end
there is1 iij fair glass wyndowes" & in ye southe syde in
yL' hight over ye said seates is an other faire glass wyndowe
wch greate wyndowes doth gyue lighte to all ye whole
house.2
Also in yc Dortre was euy nyght [aboute 12 a clocke,
H. 45] a pvy searche" by ye suppor, who did caule at
euy mounckes chambre [by ther names, H. 45], to se good
order keapt, yl none should be wanting [as also yl ther
were noe disorders amongest them, H. 45] & yy mydest of
ye said Dorter was all paved wth fyne tyled stone" from
thone end to thother, also yc said suppors chamber was yc
first chamber in ye Dorter for seinge of good order keapt.
The Suppor dyd alwaies dyne'" & sup wth yc hole covent
and ded sytt at ye over [high, H. 45] end of ye table, &
when euy ma had Supped, wch dyd end alwaies at fyve of
\ ' clocke vpo ye Rynginge of a Bell to gyve warninge to
say grace, wch being said they deptid all to yL' chapterhouse
to meite yL' por euy neight ther to remayne in praier &
Deuoc'6* till six of ye clocke, at wch tyme vpo the ringing
of a bell they went to ye Salvi,* all ye dures both of yu
Sell[er], the fratre, ye Dorter, and yc cloisters weare Locked
evin at vj of y6 clocke, and yc keys delyued to yc suppor
vntyl vij [six, Cos. ; seven, L., C] of yL clock the next
morninge.
(XLIV.) The Lofte.*
The mounckes dyd all dyne together at one table, in a
place called ye lofte, wch was in yc west end of y fratree
[frater-house, Cos.] aboue yc seller, the Supprio dyd
' " is " erased and " was " written over,
"vses" before the next line, at a joining'.
THE LOFT. 87
alwaies sitt att v vpperend o( v table as cheeffe, and theye K('"-
111 ii- 1 • 1 • • 1 c. 160a
had there moat served from \" great latching, v said great
kitchinge seruinge both v prio and all vr whole covent.1
[Ther was a paire of stayres wlhin v frater house w"hdid MS. 11. i.v
goe into a Loft over itt where v ould Monekes did dyne &
snpp where v Subprio1 was v cheife, they were served wlh
nieate from v great kitchinge w"1' hadd two dresser
windowes* into ye frater a greater for principal! feastes v
other for etiv day. II. 45].
[And also there was a door in the west end of the Frater MS. L.,
hard (74) within the frater house door, where the old Monkes ' 5 '
or Covent went in, and so up a greece* with an Iron raile to
hold them by that went up into a loft (which was in the
west end of the Frater house) wherein the said Covent and
Monkes did all dine and sup together, the Subprior did
alwaves sitt at the upper end of the table as ehief and at
the Greece foot there was another door that went into the
great Cellar,* or buttery, where all the drink did stand, that
did serve the Prior, and all the whole Covent of Monkes,
having their meat served to them in at a dresser window
from the great kitchin through the F rater house into a loft
(above the said Cellar) wherein they did all dine and sup,
the said kitchin served both the Prior and the whole
Covent, having two kitchin windows into the Frater, one
great window for principall feast, and the other not so
great for every day/ L., C, Dav.]
Also the mounckes was accustomed etiv (.laic aftere Roll,
thei dyned to goc thorowgh the cloister, in at \" vshers c'
dour' and so thorowghe the entrie in under the pors
lodginge and streight in to ye centorie garth' wher
all v mounckf was buried, and ther did stand* all bair
heade a Certain longe Space, praieng amongf the Toumbes
& throwghes for there brethren soules being buryed there,
[depted, II. 45], and when they hadd done there prayers
then they did Returne to v elovster, and there did studie
there bookes vntill iij ol' v clocke that they went to
Evensong this was there dalie exercise [& studie em
day after they had dyned.]3
' "kitching'e" "covent' repeated al joining'.
1 In different ink.
88 RITES OK DURHAM.
Roll, The said mounckf weare the onelie writers of all the
' actes* and deadf of the bushoppes and piors of ye abey
church of Durhn\ and of all yc Cronacles and stories : and
also did write & sett furth all thingf that was [thought,
Cos. 1 wourthie to be noted, what actf & what miracles
was done in euy yere & in what moneth. wch there doinges
were most manifestly and vndoubtedlie to be most Just
and trewe and was alwaies most vertuouslie occupied,
neu Idle, but either writing of good and goddly wourkes
or studying the holie scriptures to ye setting furthe of
ye hone & glorie of god, and for ye edifieinge of the
people, aswell in example of good life and conversac'on,
as by preaching yc worde of god. Thus yow may se
and perceave howe ye mounckf and Religious me wer
occupied in most godly writing & other exercissis in
auncient tyme. x
MS. H. 45, [The sd Monckes were the onely writers of ye lives
c 1655. ancj deedes 0f ye gpps and Priors of Durham and of
Cronicles and stories of Memorable thinges and miracles
of holy men wch were done euy yeare, wch writinges
were examined and found to be moste iust & true. And
sometymes studyinge (75) ye holy scripture to ye honno &
glory of god and the Edifying of ye people by good
example as well as by preachinge. H. 45.]
(XLV.) The Common Howse.*
Roll, On the right hand as yow goo, out of ye cloysters in to ye
c. 1600. f mery [or Infirmary, Dav.] was yc comone house & a
Maister therof the house being to this end, to haue a fyre
keapt in yt all wynter for ye Mounckes to cume & warme
them at, being allowed no fyre but that onely. Except ye
Mrs and officers of ye house who had there seuall fyres.
Ther was belonging to ye coiiion house a garding and a
bowlinge allie* on ye Backe side of ye said house towardes
yL' water for the Nouyces Sume tymes to recreat theme
selves when they had remedy of there mr* he standing by
to se ther good order, [for the recreation of the Moncks ye
Master standi nge by to see good order kept. H. 45.] Also
' Heading "The Comonhowse" repeated at joining'.
THE INFIRMARY. 8g
wthin this house d\\\ v mr therof keepe his o Sapie : ones R""-
r l C. IOOO.
in the yeare. vis : Betwixt Martinmes and christinmes (a
( k>
sollemne banquett that v por& couent dyd vse at y1 tyme
of v vere ouch) w her ther Banquett was of ligC &
reysinges aile & caikes and therof no supflwitie or excesse
but a scholasticall and moderat congratulac'on amonges
them selves, [and vl but a Yerv moderate one wlhowte
supfluety, H. 45. )
(XLVI.) The Fermerye."
Wlhin the fermerv in onnder neth the nv of y fermyes
chamber was a stronge presonne called ye lynghouse
[lyinge house, Cos.\ v uc!; was ordeyned for all such as
weare greate offenders as vf any of ye Mounckes [8c those
wch were in holy orders, H. 45], had bene taiken wth any
felony or in any adultrie he should haue syttin ther in
psonne for vL space of one hole yere in chynes wlhout
any company, except y mr of yc fermerv [to see yl he
were strictlye looked to accordinge to yL' orders of ye house,
H. 45] who did let downe there meate thorowgh a trap
Dour" in a [great, Cos.] corde (being a great distance
from them) [from those who were in the Prison, Dav. ]
Other companve had they none, yf any of \n temporall
men, [officers, H. 45] pteyninge to yL said house had
offended in any y pmissf aforesaid then weare they
punyshed by y temporall lawe. [secular power, H. 45 ;
temporary lawe, Cos.]
(76) (XLVII.) The gest hall.
There was a famouse house of hospitallitie called y
geste haule wth in v abbey garth of Durh"1 on y weste
syde towardes y water, the Terrer of y* house being m1
thereof as one appovnted to gene intertaynm1 to all staitC,
both noble, gentle, and what degree so etl that came
thether as strangers, ther intertevnm1 not being inferio
to anv place in Ingland, both for y goodnes of ther diete,
the sweete cS: daintie furneture o( there Lodgingf, &
generally all thingC necessarie for traveillers. And
wlliall this interteynm' contynewing not willing or coin-
c. i(joo.
90 RITES OF DURHAM.
Rp'li anding any man to depte vpo his honest & good behavyo :
this haule is a goodly brave place much like vnto y° body
of a church wth verey fair pillers supporting yl* on ether
syde and in ye mydest of yc haule a most large Rauge for
v fyer. The chambers & lodginges* belonging to yt
weare most swetlv keept, and so richly furnyshed that
they weare not vnpleasant to ly in, especially one chamber
called yc Kyngf chamber deservinge that name, in yl yy
king him selfe myght verie well haue lyne in yt for ye
princelynes therof : The victualls that sved ye said geistf
came from ye great kitching of ye por, ye bread & beare
from his pantrie and seller, yf they weare of hone they
weare sved as honoablv as yc por him selfe, otherwise
according to ther seuall callinges; The terrer had certaine
me appointed to wayte at his table, & to attend vpo all his
geistf and straungers, and for ther better intertaynm1 he
had evimore a hogsheade or two of wynes lying in a seller
appertayninge* to the said haule to serve his geistf wthall.
The Prior (whose hospitallie [hospitality, MSS. and
edd.] was soch as that there neaded no geist haule* but
that thev weare desyrouse to abound in all lvberall and
fre almess geving) did keppe a moste hone able house
and verey noble intertaynem1 being attended vpo both
wlh gentleme and yeomen of yc best in ye countrie as
ye honorable svice of his house Deserved no less, the
Benevolence therof* wtb the releefe & almess of yc hole
covent was alwaies oppen and fre not onely to the poore
of yc Citie of Durh111 but to all ye poore people of the
countrie besides.
Also the lord Prior had two porters,* the one was the
porter of his hall dour, [called Robert Smyth, interlined]
and (77) the other was the porter of the usher dour as yc goo,
frome the greate chamber to yc churche [called Robert
Clark, which two weare yc last porters to yc last por, added
seen add manu ; in L., C]
[The last Lo: Prior was Doctor Whitehead who after
was the first Deane. H. 45].
THE INFIRMARY. <;l
(XLVIII. Poor Children. Aged Women. The Roil,
Farmery without the South Gates.) c* '
Ther weare certaine poor childrin onely maynteyned and
releyved wth v almesse & Benevolence of the whole house,
w"* weare cauled y childrine of v aumerey going daily to
v fenny schole being all together mayntened In- v whole
Covent with meate drynke and lerni'ge.
[Ther was certayne poore children called ye children oi v Ms; n. 4.s,
Almery wih was brought vpp in learninge and mantayned ' ' 55'
wth the Almose o( y howse hauinge dyett in a lofte on y
North side o( y Abbey gates wch had a longe Porch over v
gates and a stable vnder itt \vch after v suppression was
turned into Mr. Steph: Marleys lodging^* & after
converted to other vses. The sli ehildren went to scoole to
v fermory ehamber wthowte v Abbey gates wch was
founded by v Priors and mantayned att ther eost. The
last Schoole masters name was S1" Rob: Hartburne w,h was
inioyned to say Masse 2 tymes in ye weeke, att Magdelens
ehappell near Kepyer & onee in y weeke att Ivimbles-
worth ehappell." They had ther meate from v Novices
table by the Clarke of the Covent owte att a windowe, where
y s'1 elerke did looke to them to see that they kept good
order. H. 45].
There were eertain poor ehildren, called the ehildren of the MS. I-.,
Almery who onely were maintained with learning", and
relieved with the Almes, and benevolence of the whole
house, having their meat and drink in a loft, on the North
side oi the Abbey gates, before the suppression of the said
house, or Abbey, the wl|1 loft had a long porch over the
staire head, slated over, and at either side of the said porch
or entry there was a stair to go up to it and a stable
underneath the said Almery or loft, having a door and an
Entry in under the stair head to go into the stable, which
at the suppression o( the house was appointed and became
M1 Stephen Marleys lodging, then shortly after the
suppression he altered it, and look down the porch and the
two greeses went up to the said Almery or loft, and made
his kitchin in under where the stable was, and his buttery
where the said Almery or loft was above, and the said poor
children went dayly to school to the barmarv school, with-
92 RITES OK DURHAM.
MS. H. 45, out the Abbey gates, which school was founded by the Priors
of the said Abbey, and at the charges of the same house,
the last school Mast1" name was called Sr Robert Hartburne,
who continued Master to the suppression of the house or
Abbey, and also the said Master was bound to say Masse
twice in the week at Magdalen Chappel nigh Keapyeare, and
once in the week at a Chappel at Kimblesworth And also
the meat and drink, that the aforesaid poor children had,
was the meat that the Master of the Novices, and the
Novices left, and reserved, and was carried in at a door
adjoyning to the great kitchin window into a little vault in
the West end of the Frater house like unto a pantry called
the Covie,* which had a man that kept it called the Clarke
of the Covie,* and had a window within it, where one or
two of the Children did receive their meat and drink of the
said Clarke, out of the (78) Covie or Pantry window so called,
and the said children did carry it, to ye Almery or loft,
which Clarke did wait upon them every mail, and to see
that they kept good order. (L., C, Dav.)
Roll, Ther weare four aged women who lyved in the farmery
wthout yc south gaitf* of ye abbey of Durh111 euy one
having ther seSall chamber to ly in, being founde and
fedd onely wth ye releefe* that came from the priors owne
meys [table, Cos.], in wch farmerie there was a chappell
wher yc scholmaster of yc fermerye [And eyther ye Mr
of ye fermery, H. 45], having his chamber & schoule
aboue yt, or soume other preest for hi me was ordeyned
& appoynted to saye messe to* yc iiijor oulde womenne
euy holie daie and friday.
[xlviiia. Zhc Steeple.
The Steeple of this Cathedral, a stately Fabrick* is
remarkable as well for its height as strength and just
Architecture, having on the inside a Gallery of Stone Work
a round it above the turn of the Arches of the Pillars upon
which it is founded ; above which are eight long Windows
two on each Front of the Steeple divided in the middle by
a Cross bar of Stone, and glazed handsomly with plain
Glass : Above the Windows on the out side is another
1600.
NAMES OF MONKS AND OFFICERS. 93
Gallery, and above that a superstructure having two
Windows on each Front ; wherein hang eight melodious
Hells. In the eight Buttresses, on the sides of the lower
Windows, also in the Stone Work betwixt each Window,
arc Niches containing the Statues of the Founders,
Protectors and Benefactors.
Upon the East Front of the Nine Altars in two large
Buttresses on each side of the round Window are erected
Statues of William of Karileph the Bishop who began
the Foundation of the present Cathedral on the South side,
and on the North Ranulph Flamberd, who translated St.
CuTHBERT's Body into the same ; the first in his Mitre and
Episcopal Habit, the other having his Head uncovered.
Hunter, 1733; Sanderson, 1767].
(XLIX.) Thes Beynge* Mounckes and officers' Roll>
within ye Abbey chirche of Durham and named
as followith.
Dane Stephen M ley [Dom' Steph: Merley, H. 45;
Don1 Steuen Morley, Cos.] ye Suppor* and maister of
the fratere.
The Supprio f chamber was oil ye Dorter dour to
thintent to heare that none should stir or pfo furth. And
his office was to goe etiv nygfhte as a privy watch be for
mydnyght & after mydnyght to euy Mounckes chamber
and to caule at his chamber dour vpo him bv his name,
to se that none of them shold be lacking- or stolen furth
to goe about any kynde of vice or nowghtvnes. Also v
supprio did sett alwaies in ye lofte amongf the mounckf
at meite at ye tables end as cheefe amongf them, and to
se that euy mane did vse him selfe according to V order
yl he had taiken him to, he did alwaies sav grace at dvn
& supp, and after v: of yc clocke at nyght to se all ye dures
as yc seller dur, the fratere dour, the fawden vettf & v
cloister dures euy dur at nyghte to be Locked, and he
keapt y keyes of all thes foresaid dures all night vntill vij
1 Always Dom', Dome, D'ne, and Domin', in Ei. 45; DaneinL.,C. ; Don in
Cos. ami II. 44; Dom. or D, in />«-.■. -, D. in Hunter's editions, ami /)' in
Sanderson,
04 RITES OV DURHAM.
Roll, q{ ye clocke in ye morning, and at vl tyme he caused ye
°' said Doures to be opened, and delyued ve key of the
cloister to ye porter therof, & ye keves of ye fratere & the
seller to y yeoma of ye celler.
Dane Willam Watsonn Alias Will'm Wyloumc
[Wylome, H. 45, C. ; Wylom, L. ; Willonne, Cos.] nv
& kepper of ye fereture* and deece Prior1 [& ye deputy
prior, H. 45 ; Dece prior, L., C. ; Vice Prior, Cos.]
The mr of ye feirture his chamber was in the Dorter,
(79) he was ye kep of ye holy sacrede shrine* of Sate Cuthb:
his office was that when any ma of hono or worshippe
weere disposed to make there praiers to god & to Sacte
Cuthb: or to offer any thinge to his sacred shrine, yf they
requested to haue yt drawen & to se yt, then streight waie
ye clarke of ye fereture* called George Baytes did give
intellegence to his mr maister deece [Dece, H. 45, L., C. ;
vice, Cos. ] por ye kepp of ye feiriture. And then yc said
m' dyde bring ye keys of ye shrine wth him geving them to
the clarke to open ye lockf of ye shrine. His office was to
stand by & to se it drawen, cofiiaunding ye said clarke to
drawe yt. Also it was eu drawe in ye mattenes tyme
when ye Te deum was in singinge or in ye hie mess
tyme, or at evinsong tyme" when ye Magnificat was
song And when they had maid there praiers & dyd offer
any thing* to yt, yf yt weare either gould sylver or Jewels
streighte way it was houge on ye shrine." And if yt
weyre any other thing, as vnicorne home, Eliphant
Tooth,' or such like thinge then yt was howng wthin the
fereture at ye end of ye shrine, and when they had maid
there praiers, the clarke did let downe ye cou therof & did
locke yt at euy corner gyving the keies of ye shrine to ye
deice [his m1 ye Dece, H. 45 ; Vice, Cos. ; to ye Dece, L., C]
prio againe. Ther was many goodly Reliquies* that
belonged to ye said shrine. The said George Baytes was
Regester of the house* and did all that pteyned to ye
register's office.
There was also a Ban that pteyned to ye sayd shrine
in the keapinge of the said m1 the deece [Vice, Cos. ;
Dece, L., C.] prio'^ called Sanct Cuthbertes Ban* [staffe,
NAMES OF MONK'S AND OFFICERS. Oo
interlined^, which was iiij1 yeardf in length, all v Pippes Ro,J>
1 i i : ee v- looo.
ol it was oi sylver to be sleave on a long speire static,
[along the banner staff, L., C] [and on the over most pype
on the hight o( yt was a ffyne lytle silver crosse, interlined]
[crosse static, Cos.] and a goodly Ban cloth pteyned to
vt. And in the mydes o\~ the ban cloth was all of white
vclvett halfe a yerd squayre euy way, and a faire crose oi
Read vclvett oil yt, and wthin ye said white velvett was y
holy Relique ye Corporax [cloth, interlined] that y holy
man S>ctc cuthb:2 sayd mess wl,lall. And the Resydewc
oi v BanH clothe was [all, interlined] of Read (Crimson,
II. 44] vclvett imbrodered all wth [grene sylke <S:, inter-
lined] goulde, I most sumtuousle, as is aforesayd,
interlined. \
The sayd ban was at ye wynyng of Branckf feilde
[Brankinfeild,1 Cos. ; Branksfield, L., C. ; Brankinsfeild,
H. 44 ; Branfield, or Brankinfield Battel, Dav.] in kinge
Henrie theightf tyme, and dyd (80) bring home wth it the
kinge of Scottes Ban and dyuf other noble menes
Auncyentes of Scotf and that was loste yl day. And
did sett them vp at Sacte Cuthb: fereture where they dyd
stand & hynge vnto the suppression of the house.
[And at ye suppression of the house, ye aforesaid banner MS. 1..,
of Sl Cuthbert & all Auntients of the noblemen of Scotland,
as principally the Kins;- of Scotts his banner, and diverse
noblemens Auntients of Scotland, were shortly after clearly
defaced, to the intent there should be no memory of the
said Battel, and of their Auncients being spoiled, which
were won at the said battel at Branksfield, that there
should be no remembrance left of them, within the
Monasticall Church of Durham. L., C, Dai\]
And the said S'cte Cuthb: Ban was at manye other Ro11-
places besydes, yl was thought to be one of the goodlyesl
Reliquies that was in England, and yt was not borne but
of pncipall daies when ther was a generall prossession, as
easter daie, the Assentio day, Whitsonday, Corpus christi
1 Erased, and " fyve written over,
" wtiiall " erased, and "did cover the chalyce with all when he" inter-
lined.
Branxton, <.■»■ Flodden field.
ifmn.
96 RITES OF DURHAM.
Roll, daie, & Sacte Cuthb: day. And at other festivall daies it
c. 1600. " , . . . . .
was sett vp at ye easte end or the shrine because yt was so
chargeable [weighty, Dav.]
Also when so eu yt was borne yt was ye clarke [of ye
ferture, interlined] office to wayte vpo yt [wth his surplice
on, interlined] wth a faire reade paynted staffe, wth a forke
or clove in ye upp end of the staffe, wch clove was lyned
\vlh softe silke and softe downe in vnder ve silke for
hurtinge or brusing of ye pipes of ye Ban being of
sylver, to taike it downe & Raise yt vp againe for ye
weightenes therof. therwas iiij men alwaies appoynted
to waite vpo it besydes ye clarke and he yl dyd beare yt.
MS. L., [And there was a strong girdle* also of white leather,
5 ' that he that did bear Sl Cuthberts banner did wear it, when
it was carried abroad, and also it was made fast to the said
girdle, with two pieces of white leather, and at either end
of the said two pieces of white leather a socket of home*
was made fast to them, that ye end of the Banner staffe
might be put into it, for to ease him that did carry ye said
banner of Sl Cuthbert, it was so chargeable and so heavy,
there were four men alwayes appointed to wait upon it,
besides the Clarke and he that did bear it. L., C, Dav.]
Roll, The deace [so here in Cos.; Dece, L.] por had ye keyes
c. 1600. & yC keaping of Sacte Beedf shrine* wch dyd stand in ye
galleley, and when so eii there was any genall prossessio
then he commaunded his clarke (geving him ye keyes of
Sncte Beedes shrine) to drawe ye cover of yt & to taike yt
downe & dyd carry yt into the Revestrie.* then it was
caryed wth iiij mounckes about in pssessio eiiy pncipall
day, and when the pcessio was donne ytt was caryed into
ye galleley & set vpe there againe, wth ye coil letten downe
011 yt & lockte, the keyes browght by the clarke to the nv
of ye fereture againe.
(81) Dane Richarde Crosbie Mr of ye novices.
Ther was alwayes vj novices" wch went daly to schoule
wthin the house for ye space of vij yere [together, Cos.],
and one of ye eldest mounckes that was lernede was
appoynted to be there Tuter the sayd novices had no
NAMES OF MONKS AND OFFICERS. 97
wages, but meitc drinke and clothe for that space. The Roll,
in' or Tuteres office was to se that they lacked nothing, as,
Cowles, frocktV staffiyne, Beddinge, Bootes & sockf, and
whene they did lacke any o( thes necessaries, the mr had
charge to caule o( v chamberlaynes for such thing'es, for
they neti Receyved wages nor handled any money in that
space but goynge daly to there bookes* \vth in the cloyster.
And yf the m1 dyd see that any of theme weare apte to
lernyng & dyd applie his booke & had a prignant wyt
wth all then the m1 dyd lett y prio haue Intellvgence then
streighte way after he was sent to oxforde* to schoole and
there dyd lerne to study Devinity, and the resydewe of ye
novices was keapt at there bookes tyll they coulde vnder-
stand there svice and ye scriptures, then at the foresayde
yeres end they dyd syng there first messe.* The house
was no longer charged wth fyndinge them appell, for then
they entred to wages to Finde them selves appell, wch
wages was xxs in ye yere. [& noe more, H. 45.] The
eldest mouncke in ye house had no more except he had an
office [yl did afford itt, H. 45]. his chamber where he dyd
ly was in the Dorter.
Dane Johann Porter, Alias Johan Smythe Callede
Maister Sagersten* [Saccraston, H. 45].
The Sextens checker* was wth in the church* in ye north
alloy over against Bushop skirleys alter of ye lefte hand as
yow goe vp the abbey to Sl Cuthb : fereture [which after
was converted to a songe scoole but sence itt is pulled
downe* by order of ye Bpp att ye cominge of Kinge Charles
(in)1 his progresse to Scotland and ye songe scoole made
in y Cloisters* vnder the Moncks lodginge w her Mr Green*
now dwelleth, H. 45, secunda manu]. His office was to
se that there should nothing be lackinge wth in y° churche
as to pvyde bread* & wyne for the church & to pvide for
wax and lyght in wynter. he had alwaies one Tonn of
wyne lvinge in the said Checker for yc vse of ye sayd
church, he had also seggersten hewgh* in keping it was
his charge, and Sl Marga(82)rettf waird* in his office.
■ Not in the MS.
7
98 RITES OK DURHAM.
Roll, Also his office was to se all the glass wyndowes repayred
°* & mendid and yc plumbers wourke of ye churche : \vth
mending of Bells & Belstringf [and leathering,* Dav.],
and [all interlined] other workes that was necessary to be
occupied both wth in ye church & wth out ye church, and to
se ye church to be clenly keapte, all thes thingt was
alwaies to be called for at yc Sagerstens handf as neade
requyred./
Also his office was to locke vp euy day all the keyes of
euy alter in ye church, (euy alter havinge there seuall
aumbree and some two) and to lye theme furthe euy
mornynge betwixt vij and viij of ye clocke vpo ye height
[upon the Topp, H. 45] of ye aumbrie (being of wayns-
cott), wherin they weare lockte standing wth in yc north quer
dour* that euy mouncke myght taike ye key & appoynt
what alter he was disposed to say mess at. Allso [And
then, H. 45] yd went to ye chapter house* euy day where
all the Bushops in ye oulde tyme was buryed, betwixt viij
& ix of ye clocke and there did pray for all [ye soules of,
H. 45] there benefactors and founders wch had bestowed
any thing of that church, and at ix of ye clocke ther Roung
a Bell to mass called ye chapter messe, wch was soug
alwaies at ye heighe alter,* and he that song ye mess had
alwaies in his Memento* all those that had geven any
thinge to that church [all ye soules of theire benefc'ors,
H. 45]. the one halfe of ye mounckes did say masse* in
ye chapter masse tyme, and the other halfe that song the
chapter mess, seyd messe in ye high mess tyme.* There
was at euy alter ij challices & ij sylver Crewettf , apptey-
ninge to yt, both wth albes and vestmentf for ye principall
feastes as also for all other Daies besydes. Euy alter had
ther duble furnitures* for adorni'ge all ptes of thaulter
servinge both for ye holy Dayes and pncypall feastf.
There founders and Benefactoures was prayed for euy
Daie & had in Remembrance in ye tyme of the messe. his
chamber wher he dyd lye was in ye Dorter, he had his
meyt sved from ye great kitching to his checkre.
NAMES OF MONKS AND OFFICERS. 99
(L.) These Beingfe Mounckes and offeceres of y" RolI»
V / o J c. 1 600.
House o{ Ourh'm and naymed as follow'1'.
Dane Robert Bennett" yc bowcer of yc house.
The Bowcers checker* is a litle stone house Joyninge of
the (83) cole garth* pteyning to ye great Kytchinge a litle
distant frome the Deanes haule greece [staires, H. 45].
His office was to Receave all the Rentes that was
pteyning to the house, and all other officers of y° house
mayde there accoumptes to him,* and he discharged all ye
svantC wages, and paide all the expences [& somes of
money as was laid furth about any work appteini'g to ye
said abey or, interlined] that yc house was charged wthall,
his chamber where he dyd lye was in yc fermery, his meyt
was serued from ye great kicthing {sic) to his checker.
Dane Roger Wryght ye Cellerer of the house.*
The Cellerers checker* was afterward Doctor Toddes
chamber Joyni'ge of ye west end of ye great kitchinge
having a longe greece goynge vp to yt 011 ye fawlden
yeattf* [folden gates, Cos. ] His office was* to see what
expences was in yc kitchinge what beffes [Beives, H. 45]
and muttones was spente in a weeke and all the spyces &
other necessaries that was spente in ye kitchinge both for
ye pors table and for ye hole covent & for all strangers
that came, [and to see yl nothinge were wantinge, H. 45].
Yt was his office to se all thingf orderlye served and in
dewe tvme. The chambre where he dyd lye was in ye
Dorter.
Dane Roger Watson* ye Terrer of ye house.*
The Tarrers checker was as yea goe into y° geste Haule
of yo'' left hand in ye entrie as yow goe in, or yea come in
to ye great hall.
His office was to se that all yc geste chambers* to be
clenly keapt and that all yc table clothes, table napkingf &
all ye naprie wth in ye chambers as sheetes and pillowes to
be sweate and cleane, and he pvyded alwaies two hogshedf
IOO RITES OF DURHAM.
Ro"> of wyne* to be redie against any strangers came [for ye
' entertaynem1 of strangers, H. 45] and he rpvyded pvender
for there horses* that nothing should be lacking for
any Strang' whate degree so eu he was of and iiij
yeame allowed to wayte vpo ye said strangers when so
eu they came, his chamber where he dyd ly was in ye
fermery.
(84) Dane William foster ye Kepp of the Garnr?.*
The mr of ye garnf checker, was oil Mr Pilkingtons
haule Doures* all his house & Mr Bonnies [Bunny,
H. 45] house* was garnf * where all there wheat & other
corne did lye. His office was* to Receyve all ye whet that
came & all ye make corne, and to make accoumpte what
malt was spente in ye weeke, and whate malt corne was
delyued to ye kylne and what was Receyved from ye kylne
& howe moch was spente in ye house, ye kylne was where
mr Bennettf lodging [house, Cos.] was* hard beyond the
Counditt wch lodging he ded buylde of his charges.2 his
chamber wher he dyd lie was in ye Dorter.
Dane Thomas Sparke* ye Chamberlayne.*
The chamberlaynes checker* was where mr Swifte* hath
his Lodging nyghe to the abbey gaites.3/
His office was to pvyde for stammyne otherwaies called
lyncye wonncye* [and other Lincy Woncy, H. 45] for
sheetes & for sheirtes for ye Novicies and ye mounckes to
weare, for they dyd neu weare any lynynge* And he had a
tailler wourkinge daily makinge sockf of white wollen
clothe both hole sockes and halfe sockf and makinge
shertes & sheetes of lyncye wonncey in a shop vnderneth
the sayde checker wch tailler was one of ye svauntes* of the
house, his chain where he dyd lye was in ye Dorter.
1 These granaries are at present the Houses of the eighth and ninth
Prebendaries. — Addition Ed. H.
2 It is at this time the House of the eleventh Prebendary. — Id.
3 Now the Mansion House of the first Prebendery. — Id.
NAMES Ol MONKS AND OFFICERS. IOI
Dane Henrye Browne v M1 of yc coiTion house/ R°H'
■' J c. rooo.
[Hall, II. 45.1
The Cofnoners checker was \vlh iii the colli on house.
His office was to pvide for all such spices against lent as
should be comfortable for yc said mounckes for there great
Austeritie both of fastinge & prayinge [because ther
austerity of fastinge & praier was very great, II. 45], and
to see a lyre [a good fyer, H. 45] contynewally in ye comon
house hall, (85) for the mounckf to warme theme when
they weyre disposed, and to haue alwaies a hodgshead of
wyne for yc mounckes and for ye keaping of his O*: called
O Sapientia ; and to .pvide for fyggt and walnutes
against lent, his chamber where he dyd lye was in ye
dorter.
Dane Will'm Watson* ye Priors Chaplaine.
The chaplavnes Checker was oil the staires* as yow goc
vp to ye Deanes haule.
His offis was to Receave at y° Bowcers handf all such
sumes of money as was dewe for ye bowcer to paie vnto ye
Lo: pors vse for yc mantenance of hime selfe & expencis
of his whole howshold, and for [all, interlined} his other
necessaries. The said chaplen1 was to pvide for ye Lord
pors appell, and to se all thingf in good order in ye hall, and
his furniture [the lvninge, H. 45] for his table to be swete
& cleane, & to se that eiiy ma applied his office deligentlie
as it owghte to be done, to se that no debaite nor strife to
be wlhin vc house, he had in his charge and keapinge all
the Lord pors plaite & treasure, aswell in delyuinge
therof, as Receiving yt in againe. And also he was to
discharge and paie all gentleme, yeome, and all other
svauntf & officers of yc Lord pors house [of what degree
soever, H. 45] there wages, and to paie all other Raekningt'
of his house what so ell. His chamber where he did lye
was next vnto ye pors chamber./
All thes mounckes before Rehersed was in thes officies
when the house was suppressed, and the mounckes and
1 Altered to " cbaplens office."
102 RITES OF DURHAM.
Roll, novicies was alwaies named after this sorte* as thes
' mounckf ys named before ye suppression of the house,
and the por of the house was alwaies called the Lord por
evin to ye suppressio of ye house also.
(LI.) Saynte Cuth: Shryne
Defacede.
The sacred shryne of holy Sacte Cuthbert before men-
tioned* was defaced in ye visitac'on* yl Docter Ley [Lee,
H. 45], Docter Henley, & m1" Blythma heild at Durhm
for ye subuertinge of such monument^ in the tyme of King
Henrie "81 in his suppression of ye abbaies where they
found many woorthie & goodly iewells* [goodly & rich
ornamts & Jewells of great Value wch ye sd church & St.
Cuthb: was adorned wthall but moste especially, H. 45J,
but espe(86)ciallie one ptious stone* [belonginge to ye sd
shrine, H. 45], wch by ye estimate of those iij visitors &
ther skilfull lapidaries [wch they brought wth them, H. 45]
yl was of value sufficient to redeme a prince : [worth in
value a Kingf Ransome, H. 45]. After ye spoile of his
ornamlf and iewells, cuming nerer to his [sacred, H. 45]
bodie, thingking to haue found nothing but duste & bones
and finding ye chiste yl he did lie in very strongly bound
wth Irone*/ then ye goulde smyth* dide taike a great fore
ham of a smyth* & did breake yc said chiste [open, H. 45]
and when they had openede ye chiste they found him
lyinge hole vncorrupt* wth his faice baire, and his beard as
yt had bene a forth netts growthe," & all his vestm'f * vpo
him as he was accustomed to say mess wthall : and his
met wand of gould* lieing besid him then, when ye
gouldsmyth did pceive that he had broken one of his leggt^
when he did breake vpe [open, Cos.] ye chiste,' he was
verie sorie for it & did crye alas I haue broke one of his
leiggtY* then Doccter Henley hereing him say so did caule
vpo hime & did bid him cast downe his bones, then he
made him aunswer again that he could not gett it [them,
H. 45] in sunder, for ye synewes & ye skine heild it* that it
would not come in sunder [could not pte, H. 45]. Then
Docter Ley did stepp vp to se if it weire so or not and did
ST. BEDE S SHRINE. 103
tunic hime[self aboute interlined] and [did interlined]
spoke Latten to Docter Henley yi he was lieing holl. yett
Docter Henley would geve no crcditt to his word, but still
did crye cast downe his bones, then Docter ley maide
an ns were vf ye will not beleue me come vp yc selfe & se
hime, then dyd Docter Henlie step vp \goc up, H. 45] to
himc iS: did handle him cS: dyd se yl he laid hole, [was
whole and vncorrupt, H. 45]. the he did cofnaund theme
to taike hime downe & so it hapned contrarie tlier expec-
tatio y! not onely his bodie was hole and incorrupted, but
ye vestmM' wherin his bodie laie & wherwll> all he was
accustomed to saie mass, was freshe saife & not consumed :
YVhervpo ye visitores commaunded yl he should be karied
in to yc revestre [ye Vestry, H. 45], where he was close
and saiflie keapt* in the inner pte of ye Revestrie tyll such
tyme as they did further knowe ye kings pleasure, what to
doc wll) him, and vpo notise of ye kings pleasure therin
[and after, H. 45], the por and the mounckes buried him*
in yc ground vnder vL' same place where his shrine was
exalted [under a faire merble stone wch remaynes to this
day, where his shrine was exalted,* H. 45].
(87) (LII. The Shrink of Holy Saint Bede.)
The Shrine of holie Sacte Beede [the Shryne of St.
Beeda, II. 45], before mentioned in yc galleleie was defaced
by ye said visitors* & at yc same suppression, his bones
being interred* vnder yc same place where his shrine was
before erected [exalted, H. 45].
There ys two stones, that was of Sayncte Beedes shrine
in the galiley of blewe nible wih after the defaci nge therof
was browght into yc bodye of the church and lyeth nowe
over against the estmost Toumbe of the Neivellf ioyned
both together, the vppcrmost stone of the said shrine hath
iij [altera/ to iiij ; three, II. 45; 4, Cos. ; three, L., C]
holes in euy corner for Irons to stand and to be fastned
in to guyde the couyng whene yt was drawe vp or leticn
downe, wherevpon did stand Saincte Beedes shrine. And
the other ys a playne nible stone whichc was Loweste
and dyd lye aboue a litle nibel tombe, where on y- lower
end of yc v : smale pillers of inble did stande, w** pillers
1600.
104 RITES OF DURHAM.
Roll> did also supporte the vppmost stone, the said stones* lyeth
' nowe bothe together (as is affbrsaid) endway before [near,
H. 45] where Jesus alter did stande.
(LIII.) The Rite or Auncyent Custome of
Prossession within the Abbey
curche of Durha Before
ye Suppression as
hereafter follow"1.
Prossessio by ye Prior & ye
mounckes on Sacte Marks Day.*
Vpo Sacte Markt daie after easter, wch was comonly
fasted* thorowe all ye countrie & no flesh ete vpo it, the
por wth ye mounckf had a solemne pssession as that daie
& went to ye Bowe church* wth yer psessio & did verie
solemne svice ther, and one of ye mounckes did make a
smond to all ye people of ye pishe & of ye towne that
came thether.
(LIV.) Prosessio of ye iij cross daies* by
the prior and ye mounckes.
Likewise, on moundaie in cross weake they had also an
other solemne psessio & did goe, to Sacte Oswald f church
in elvett & there did verie solemne svice and had (88) a
smont yl one of ye mounckf did make before ye audyence of
many people of ye towne./
Likewise ye morowe after beinge Tewsdaie they had an
other solemne psessio to Sacte Margaretf church in fram-
welgate & did solemne svice there & one of ye mounckes
did make a smont to ye audient of much people of ye said
pishe.
Likewise on ye morowe after being wedinsday they had
an other solemne psession to Sacte Nicholas church in the
mkett place and there did devyne svice very sollemly and
had a sermont made by one of yc mounckes before ye great
Audyence of many people.
PROCESSIONS. 105
(LV.) Prossessio of Hallowe1 thursdaie, whitsonday, RoJl<
(.-. 1600.
(Sc Trinitie Sonnday, by the P or & yc mounckes.
[The manner of y* Lord Prior & his monckes goeing in
Procession vpon Assenc'on day Whitsonday & Trinytie
Sonday, H. 45].
The next morninge being Hallowe thursdaie they had
also a general] pssessio wth two crosses borne before
theme, [Vpon theis great festivall daies the Prio1 hadd two
great Crosses borne before hym, H. 45J the one, of yc
erosses the stafe and all of gould, the other of sylver and
peell gilt both ye crose and the staffe, wth Sacte Cuthb:
Ban* that holy Reliquie, wch was borne formest in the
pssession wth all the Riche copes that was in ye church,
euy mouncke had one, and the prio had a mveilous
Riche cope on, of clothe of ffyne pure gould, the which he
was not able to goe vp right wth it, for the weightines
therof, but as me did staye it [but as some did goc by
hym, H. 45], & holde it vp of euy side, when he had it on,
[he went, H. 45] wth his crutch in his hand wch was of
sylver and Duble gilt, with [a rich, interlined] myter" on
his head, also Sacte Beedes shrine* yl holy Reliquie [&
reliques, H. 45], was caryed in the said .pssessio wth iiij
mounckes on there shoulders, and Sertain other MounckC
did cary about wth theme in ye saide pssessio dyvers other
holy RelickC, as the picture of Sacte Oswald* of sylver
and gilt, and S'cte Margarettt' Crosse,* of sylver & duble
gilt, wch pssessio did goc furth of the north dore of the
abbey church, and thorowe ye church yeard, & down
Lyegaite* by yc Bowe church end, and up the south baley*
and in at yv abbey gates [& soe to the Abbey gates,
H. 45], where a grete number of people did stand both
men, women, & childrine, wth great reverence and devoc'on,
wch was a goodly & a godly sight to behold, and so went
thorowe v abbey garth* & a number of men following yt,
but no women was suffred (89) to goe further then the
abbey yeattC [in ye Baylie, H. 45], & so thorow yc cloister
into y° church./
' Holy, Cos. and editions.
106 RITES OF DURHAM.
Roll, Also vpone Witsonndaie was a generall pssessio like-
' l °°' wise, wch was done wth great Solennytie after this foresaid
pssessio as it was on hallow thursday, wth Sacte Beedef
shrine and Sacte Cuthb: Bail and all the holie Reliques,
as yc Image of Sacte Oswald, and the Image of Sacte
Adian* (sic) and the holie Relique of Sacte Margarettt
Cross wth dyiif holie Reliques besides.
Lykewise, on trinitie Sonndaie there was an other gene-
rall pssessio after this sorte aforesaid wth all the aforesaid
Reliques and wente all ye same sircuit that all ye aforesaide
pssessiones dyd goe before.
Many was the goodly riche Jewellf and Reliques* that
did apptaine to that same churche, yt was accoumpted to be
the richest churche in all this land so greate was the Rich
Jewellf & ornamtf that was geve & bestowed of that
holie ma Sacte Cuth: Besydf that kyng Richard* did
geve his plamente Robe of blewe vellet wrowght wth great
lyons of pure gould a mveilouse rich Cope, and an other
Cope of clothe of gould geve to ye same church, in the
worship of that holie ma Sacte Cuthb: by an other prince,
so great was the godly myndf of Kingf , quenes, and other
great estaitf for the great devoc'on & love that they had to
god and holy Sacte Cuthbert in that Church./ [Many rich
and pretious Jewells and holy reliques did belonge and
apptayne vnto this Church Itt was held to be one of ye
richest Churches in all England, soe great was ye rich
Jewells and ornamts Copes Vestmts and plaite presented to
holy Sl Cuthbert by Kinges Queenes Princes & Noblemen
as in theis daies is almoste beyond beleife Kinge Rich:
did geive his Parliam1 Robe of blew Velvit richly wrought
wth great Lyons of pure gould and another Cope of Cloth
of gould geiven to St. Cuthbert by another Prince soe
great was ye love of Princes in those daies to religious &
holy workes towards ye church. H. 45].
Looke what is further to be desyred in ye r enerration
[generation, Cos. ; Enarration, L. ; ennarac'on, C] of this
Auncyent Church and godly ceremonyes therin frequented,
yow shall Reade at large in the historie of the church* wch
" Looke," etc., repeated on a joining.
PROCESSIONS. 107
couklc not be conveynyently sett downe in these pticuler Rol,<
. C. 1 boo
notes beinge but as yt weare a glass tor ye vewers and
beholders therof.
(LVI.) The Auntient solemnytie of pscession vpocor-
pus christi day wthin ye church and citie of durham.
before3 ye suppressio of yc said abbey Churche.
There was a goodly pssessio vpo ye place grene on y
thursday after Trinitie sonndaie in y hono' of corpy
Christi daie vL' w** was a pryncipall feast at that tyme.
The baley of the towne [did stand in y towle bowth and
interlined] did calle yl" occupac'ons that was inhabiters wth
in ye towne euy occupatio in his degre to bring forthe ther
Ban \vth all the lightes appteyninge to there setiall
Bannf & (90) to repaire to ye abbey church Doure euy
banner to stand a Rowe [in ranke, Cos.] in his Degree
from ye abbey church Dour to Wyndshole yett,* on ye
west syde of ye wave did all ye Bannf stand, and o\\ ye
easte syde of yc way dyd all ye Torges [torches, Cos.] stand
pteyninge to ye sayd Bannares.
Also there was a goodly shrine in Sacte Nicholas church,
ordeyned to be carved ye sayd daie in Prossession cauled
Corpus Christi shrine all fynlye gilted a goodly thing to
behould, and on yr hight of ye sayd shrine was a foure
Squared Box all of christall, wherin was enclosed the holy
sacram1 of thaulter and was caryed yc said daie with iiij
preistes vp to \" place grene tS: all ye hole prossessio of all
v churches in ye said towne goyng before ytt and when it
was a litle space wthin Wyndshole yett yt dyd stand still,
then was Sacte Cuthb: Bann browghte fourth wth two
goodlv faire crosses to nieete yt and y por <S: eovent wlh
all vc whole companye of y* Quere all in there best copes
dvd meet v said shrine sytting on there kneys and
prayinge. The prior did sence yt [fetch it, Cos.] and then
caryinge \t forward into the abbey church yc por and
COvent wlh all the quere following yt It was sett in v
quere <S: solemne svice don before ytt and Te Deuin
- " before," etc., secunda maun.
I08 RITES OK DURHAM.
Roll< solemnly songe and plaide of yc orgayns euy ma praysinge
' god and all ye Bannt of ye occupac'ons* dyd followe ye
said shrine into ye church goyng Rownde about Saincte
Cuthb: fereture lyghtinge there Torches & burning all ye
svice tyme. then yt was caryed frome thence wth ye said
pssessio of ye towne back againe to yu place from whence
it came & all the Bant of ye occupac'ons following it, &
setting yt againe in ye church, euy ma maiking his
prayers to god did depte, and ye said shrine was caryed
into ye Revestrie* where yt Remayned vntill that tyme
Twelvemonthe.
Then afterward in ye first yere of Kyng Edwardes
Reigne there was certaine comyssioners appoynted to
deface all suche ornamentf as was lefte in ye ptehe
churches in Durh111 vndefaced in ye form visitac'on, yL"
names of ye comyssioners was Docter Harvye and Docter
Whitby* ye said docter Harvie did call for ye said shrine,
and when it was browght before him he dyd tread vpo it"
wth his feete and did breake yt all in peces withe dyut
other ornamentf pteyninge to ye church.
APPENDIX.
(f. 141') (p. qi) I. A description* of the histories sett MS- RiwL
1603.
foorth in the glasse windowes in the Catherdrall
Church of Duresme.
(MS. Rawlinson, B. 300, Bodleian Library).
The north Alley of ye body of yc Church.
1. In the Alley towards the north are 6 glasse
Wyndowes. y lowest towards the Lanterne haith 3 faire
lights* devyded wth stoneworke hauinge therein y picture
of Christ crucified, in the middle or first light, & in the
2 light the picture of our blessed Lady one the one side
of the picture of Christ, and in the 3 light the picture of
saint Iohn Evangelist on the other syde of y° picture of
Christ, & a monke in a blew habitte* (vnderneeth him)
kneeling vpon his knees* & holding vp his hands : & 6
turrett wyndowes* in plaine glasse.
2. In the 2 wyndow are 2 long lights devvded wth
stoneworke in white glasse wth out pictures, round about
coloured glasse,* & 4 turrett wyndowes.
3. In the 3 wyndow are 2 faire long lights deuided wth
stoneworke hauinge in ye first light the picture of saint
Katherine,* & beneath her ye picture of saint Oswold, &
below him ye picture of saint Cuthbert, in ye 2 light is ye
picture of our Blessed Lady, wlh Christ in her armes, c\:
beneath her y picture of saint Bede, And below him the
picture of St. Edmond B. & y° armes of Sl Cuthbert,*
& S1 Oswold finely sett out in coloured glasse, & 4 turrett
wyndowes.
4. In y 4 wyndow are 2 long lights devyded as afore-
said in white glasse wth out pictures, round about wlh
couloured glasse, & 4 turrett wyndowes.
5. In the 5 are 2 long lights deuided wlh stoneworke in
white glasse without pictures, round about with coulered
glasse, & 5 turrett Wyndowes, 4 vndreneath and 1 aboue.
i6o."
IIO RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Rawi., (g2) 6. In the 6 window are 2 long lights devyded wth
stoneworke hauing in ye 1 light y° picture of saint Oswold,
& beneath him the picture of Sl Paule, & in the 2 light the
picture of Sl Peter, & beneath him ye picture of Sl lames,
in fyne coloured glasse, & aboue 4 turrett lights, with
Bushop Skirlawes armes* in the topp.
In the end of ye Church towards yc West, oil ye north
Gallilee doore, is a wyndow with 2 lights devyded with
stoneworke, hauing in the south light the picture of o
Blessed Lady wth Christ in her armes, & a scepter in her
hands & ye 2 or north light in white glasse, & aboue are
4 turrett lights with B. Skirlawes armes in the top of all.
The South Alley of ye body of ye Church.
In this Alley are 6 wyndowes of glasse, fynelv coulered
wth pictures, vi^t.
1. In ye 1 011 ye Church doore going into the cloister
is a wyndow with 3 faire long lights devyded with stone-
worke, hauing in the 1 light the picture of Sl Oswold, (f. 15)
In the 2 light the picture of O' Blessed Ladie & vnderneath
her is B. Langley in his episcopall attyre praying on his
knees & holding up his hands, with his armes in a
scutcheon* vnderneath hi & thes words orate ,p ala diii
Thome Langley quonda ep'i huius eccl'ie, & in thee 3
light is pictured saint Cuthbert, sett foorth in fyne coloured
glasse, & 3 white turrett wyndowes.
2. In the 2 light are 2 faire long lights devyded wth
stoneworke hauing in the 1 light the picture of Sl George
in armoure, and a red lyon vnder his feete, & in the 2
light the picture of S1 Oswould king, in the 3 light the
picture of o blessed Lady, in ye 4 light ye picture of saint
Cuth : in his episcopall attyre, & in the 5 light ye picture
of Sl Xpofer* with Christ on his shoulder & astaffe in his
hand budding & flourishing, & the draught of the instru-
ments wherewith Christ was crucified & the mann thereof
excellently sett foorth. & 10 knotts* in coloured glasse
5 aboue and 5 below, & 6 tower wyndowes in white glasse.
3. In the 3 window are 2 long lights devyded wth
stoneworke hauing in y° 1 light the picture of god* the
THE NORTH ALLEY OF THE LANTERN. I I I
(father & Christ on his brest hanging one t he crosse, & in Ms- Rawl
the 2 light is pictured S1 Cuthbert \vlh certaine amies of
the neviles excellently done, & 4 turrett wyndowes in the
topp hauing all the neviles amies as they were ioyned in
marriage.
4. In the 4 window are 2 faire long lights devyded with
(03) stoneworke hauing in the 1 light the picture of o
blessed Lady, & S* lohn Baptist, 81 S' paule, & in the
2 light S1 lohn Euangelist with the chalice in his hand,
S1 Anne <S: other pictures wth 3 neuils amies beneath as
they were ioyned in marriage & aboue 4 turrett wyndowes
wth the nevills amies in them all.
5. In the 5 window are 2 fare long lights devided wth
stoneworke, hauing in the 1 light ye picture of the Angell
Gabriell saluting the blessed virgin Mary, & in the 2
light is ye picture of our blessed Ladie & 2 other angells
with scutcheons with the armes of the nevills" & others
with whom they were maryed, on there breasts, the one
angell vnder Sl Gabriel, & thee other vnder o blessed
Ladie, all sett out in fyne coloured glasse, and aboue 4
tower wyndoes in painted glasse wth knotts.
6. In the 6 wyndow are 2 faire long lights devided with
stoneworke, without pictures, and aboue 4 towre lights,
hauing in them the armes of 4 seuall noblemen in coulored
glas.
Also there is a window ou the south doore of the
Gallilee, hauing 3 lights devyded with stoneworke, with-
out pictures, & 4 towre wyndowes in white glasse.
(f. 151') The north Alley of the Lanterne.
In the end of y said Alley towards the north, is a faire
glasse window & therein 3 faire long lights devided with
stoneworke, hauing in the 1 light the picture of S1 lohn
Bap: wth y Lambe of God in his hand, & in yc second
light is y picture of o B. Ladie, w,h the picture of a
monke in a blew habite vpon his knees, holding vp his
hands vnto her, & aboue his his |v/V] head written m'r
dei miserere mei, & in the 3 light is v picture of Sl lohn
112 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Rawl., Evangelist wth a read in his hand, & beneth hi ye
°3' draughts of the nevills Crosse, & bulls head, with ii towre
windoes aboue, & ye picture of God Almightie in thee
highest of all in fyne coloured glasse.
And further in the sd Alley are 3 altars, & aboue euie
altar on glasse window, hauing 3 fare long lights deuided
with stoneworke.
1. The 1 altarre is called Sl Giles altar, & in yl wyndow
in ye 1 light is pictured Sl Nicholas, hauing vnder his feet
written scus Nicolaus epus, in the 2 light is pictured
nicodemp wth bluddy hands & face bearing y° wight of
Christ of the crosse in his armes, (94) & in ye 3 light is
pictured saint Gyles in a blew habitt, with ye hind at his
feete* shott wth a shaft.
2. The 2 Altar is called Sl Gregories altar, hauing
thereon another window with 3 faire lights devyded wth
stoneworke, in ye first light is ye picture of saint Gregorie,
in ye 2 light is ye picture of o~ B. Lady, wth Christ in her
armes, and one Wm Seaton sub prior a monke pictured
vnder her in a blew habitt kneeling & holding vp his
handi wth these words, Wm Seaton sub prior, & in the
3 light a bish[o]p wth a crosse on his should [sic] called Sl
Ambrose.
3. The 3 Altar is called Sl Bennets Altar, & hauing ye
like window, wth 3 fare lights, in ye 1 light is the picture
of S* Bennet in a blew habitt, with a crosyer staffe in his
hand, & vnderneath him, the picture of Sl Herome wth y°
Cardinalls hatt on his head, & in ye 2 light is the picture
of Xpte as he did ascend, & rose from the death, & a
picture of a prior kneeling and holding vp his hands,
before ye altatr [sic] with a miter sett vpon it, In ye 3 light
is ye picture of Sl Katherine* wth ye whele in her hand, &
vnder her the picture of Mary Magdelene wth an alablaster
box in her hands wth the ointement therein as she
annoynted Christ, & aboue are 3 towre windowes pictured
therein, with angells, all sett forth in fyne coulored
glasse.
THE SOUTH ALLEY OF THE LANTERN. I 1 3
And V order of S' Bennett* sett forth in there pictures Ms- Rawl.,
in wainscott, with a ptition, the priors* within & \"'
monkes wth out.
The south Alley of y° Lanterne.
In the Alley are 3 altars, the 1 called o La: altar, al's
howghells altar, the 2 y lady of Boltons altar, ye 3 sl
ffides altar towards ye south.
1. The 1 aultar hauing a faire glasse window wlh 3
faire long lights, seiied wth stoneworke hauing in y° 1
light the picture of Sl (Catherine* wth the whele' in (f. 16)
her hand vnderneeth her ye picture of o B. lady wth
Christ in her armes, in the 2 light, & vnder her the picture
of a monke in a blew habitt, praing & holding vp his
hands, & in ye 3 light the picture of Sl Margaret, & vnder
y° picture of Sl Xpofer* bearing Chish [sic] of his shoulders,
011 the water, hauing a staffe budding & flourishing in his
hand, & 3 towre windowes wth out pictures ; The [wth the,
H. 44] picture of S* Iohn Baptist put in prison, & standing
within the grate or iron barre thereof, wth a booke in his
hand wlh (95) yc lambe of God vpon it pointing vnto it wth
the other hand, as when Xpt sent diuers messengers to
Iohn being in prison who pointed vnto the Lambe wth his
finger, ecce agnus dei, wdl was Christ who had sent to
learne of hi who he was.
2. The 2 altar haith alsoe a Window wth 3 lights,
hauing in yc 1 yc picture of Sl Iohn Euangelist wlh ye read
in his right hand, & ye eagle vpon his booke, in his left
hand, & vnder him ye picture of Sl Nicholas, in the 2 light
ye picture of o^ Lady of Bolton, with a golden mase in her
hand, & a crowne of gold on her head, a monke vnder
her feete, k'eling & praying wth eleuated hands, & in
v 3 light \" picture of Sl Stephen with the stones in his
hand where with he was martered,2 & vnder hi the picture
of Sl Iohn Bap: wth the lambe in his hand, & aboue all 3
towre windoes with couloured glasse sett forth, with
aungells pictured in them.
1 "whole" in MS. a "quartered" in MS.
8
114 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Rawl., 3. The 3 aultar haith alsoe 3 like lights, hauing in ye
°3' 1 the picture of o^ Blessed Ladie wth Xpt in her armes, &
vnder her the picture of Sl ffides, in yc 2 light the picture
of god ye father, wth Xpt in his armes, as pceeding from
thee father, vnderneath hi ye picture of Sl Thonas [sic] &
vnder him the picture of a monke in a blew habitt,
praying & holding vp his hands, & vnder him ye picture
of Sl Leonde," vnder hi ye picture of Sl Laurence, & in the
high pt of all the window, in a little turrett window, the
picture of Sl Bede in a blew habitt, and 2 other little turrett
windowes, with thee pictures of 2 aungells.
In ye end of the said altar southward is a faire
glasse window wth 3 faire long lights, devided with stone-
worke, in the middle or 1 light is ye picture of Xpt
crucified, & vnderneath ye picture of A monke in a blew
habitt kneeling & holding vp his hands hauing written
aboue his head, Xpe Iesu Thoe des grandiu [gaudium,
H. 44], & in ye 2 light ye picture of o B. lady on theone
side of Christ, & in ye 3 light ye picture of Sl Iohn
Evangelist on theother side, of Xpt, & aboue all 5 towre
lights wth ye picture of god almightie wth a globe in his
hand, & in ye middle light ye picture of 2 aungells ov [on,
H. 44] either side of god, one in either of ye other 2 lights
[sic].
Also there is a window towards ye cloister, on ye west
side on the clocke doore, 011 ye old seat* hauing therein 3
faire long lights deuided wth stoneworke, hauing in the 1
light ye picture of o Ladie, & vnder her ye picture of S*
Cuth: wth Sl Oswolds head (96) in his hand, in ye 2 light
ye picture of 0' sauiour Xpte on the Crosse with . I. n. r. I.
ou his head, wth aungells receyuing blood & water from
his side, & 2 aungells, receyuing ye blood from his feet, &
thee (f. i6b) & the picture of the sunne & moone wanting
light aboue his head, vnderneath the picture of Xpt, is the
picture of o Ladie, & vnderneeth her the picture of a
monke in a blew habitt holding vp his hands & kneeling
hauing aboue his head . M'r dei miserere mei, & in the
3d light the picture of Sl Iohn Baptist, & Sl Oswold vnder
him, as he was king in princely attyre.
THE NORTH ALLEY OF THE QUIRE. i 1 5
The North Alley of the Quiere. MS. Rawl.
J ~* 1003.
In the North Alley of the quier are 4 faire contoured
glasse windowes seuered with stoneworke.
1. The 1 hauing therein 4 faire long lights seiied as
aboue, having a casement* therein cotaining in the 1 light
the picture of our blessed Lady, wth Xpt in her armes, & a
triple crowne of gold on his [her, H. 44] head, in y° 2
light is pictured S1 Anne, in the 3 light Sl Marie Magde-
lene, & in the 4 light S1 Marie Cleophe, & Salome, being
the 3 Maries, tS: 5 little toure windoes in white glasse in
the hight of all.
2. In ye 2 window is 4 faire long lights seued as aboue,
hauing in ye 1 light yr picture of Sl Michaell thearchangell,
w,h a sword in the one hand, & a staffe wth a crosse on
theother, killing the dragon, in y 2 light the picture of
saint Katherine wth y whele J on her hand, & a naked
sword, & written aboue her head, S'ca Katherina, in the
3 light the picture of o blessed La: wtb Xpt in her armes,
& written aboue her head, s'ca Maria, vnderneth her feete
the picture of a monke in a blew habitt, kneeling wth
eleuated hands, & written aboue his head, m'r dei misere
{sic) mei, vnderneth his feete written, dfis Georgip Co'n-
furth. and in yc 4 light the picture of Sl Cuthbert wth Sl
oswolds head in his hand, & 011 hi written, S'cus Cuth-
bert0, & aboue all are 7 towre lights in white glasse,
& below 2 knotts in white glasse.
3. In ye 3 window are 4 like lights seued as aboue, in
ye 1 ye picture of Sl Oswold King wth ye Crosse on his
brest, in the 2 light ye picture of Sl Cuth: wth S'cus
Cuthbert0 written vnder hi, in the 3 ye picture of Sl
Gregorie, with s'cus Gregori0 written vnder hi, & in the 4
of a monke traueyling* to the sea syde, and washing his
feete found saint Cuthbert standing in ye sea aboue his
sholders holding vp his hands, looking towars heauen,
saing his prayers, & alsoe another monke lying on the
hight of a rocke leaneing on his arme, beholding holy Sl
Cuth: wher he stood, in the sea at his prayers, (97) aboue
all 7 towre windoes in coloured glasse, hauing in the
sundrie pictures.
' " whole " in MS.
Il6 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Rawl., 4. \n the 4 window is 4 like lights, contaying [sic] in
°3' the 1 y° picture of Aydanus B. in the 2 ye picture of Sl
Cuth: in the 3 saint Mary, & in ye 4 Sl Oswold, finely sett
out in coloured glasse, & 3 turrett windows hauing the
pictures of two angells offering1 to the pictures of xpt
incense, in the highest wth 12 couloured knotts.
(f. 17) The south Alley of the quier.
1. In the south Alley are 4 windoues, the 1 hauing 4
long lights seiied with stoneworke, hauing in the 1 light
the picture of Sl Cuth: wth Sl Oswolds head in his hand,
in the 2 light the picture of Sl Oswold king with his
scepter in his hand, in ye 3 light the picture of o B. lady
with Xpte in her armes, & in the 4 light ye picture of Sl
George in armour in blew colours/ killing the dragon, &
vnderneath euie of the the draughts of there 4 seuall
armes in scutcheons,* vizt. of Sl Cutb: Sl Oswold, o
Blessed Lady, & Sl George, & aboue all 3 towre windowes
in white glasse with 4 knotts of fyne couloured glasse
vnderneeth them.
2. In the 2 window are 4 like lights, hauing in them,
the picture of Sl Peter wth s'cus Petrus vnder his feete,
hauing the golden keyes in his hand, & his pt of the
Crede," Credo in deu &c : in the 2 the picture of Sl
Andrew with scus Andreas vnder hi, & aboue his head, et
in Iesu &c. in the 3 the picture of Sl lames with a staffe &
a crosse vpon it in his hand, & vnder hi s'cus Iacobus &
aboue his head qui conceptus &c. & in the 4 the picture
of Sl Iohn Euangelist wth the chalice in one hand, & the
read in the other, undre hi s'cus Ioh'es, & aboue him
passus sub pontio &c. & 13 toure windowes in most fyne
colours, & aboue all the picture of God almighty in fyne
couloured glasse.
3. In the 3 window are 4 like lights, hauing in the 1
the picture of saint Thomas wth s'cus Thomas vnder him,
& aboue hi resurrexit a mortuis &c. in the 2 the picture of
saint lames vnder him S'cus Iacobus, & aboue hi, et sedit
ad dextra, &c. in the 3 the picture of Sl Phillip, vnder hi
S'cus Phil:9 & aboue inde venturus est, & in ye 4 ye
' " yferring " in MS.
THE VESTRY HOUSE. I I ~,
picture o\ S' Bartholomew, vnder hi S'cus Bartolemeus, Ms- Rawl
1003.
& aboue credo in spirit u sanctii c\'c. & 4 fyne knotts
in coulered glasse, & 10 tow re windowes in white glasse.
4. In the 4 window are 4 like lights, hailing in the 1
the picture of S< (98) Barbarie, wt!l the castle in her hand, in
the 2 light the picture of Sl Andrew, in thee 3 the picture
of S1 lohn Euangelist, & in ye 4 yc picture of S1 lames
with thee pilgrims staffe in his hand, & his scrippe
about hi, & aboue 3 towre windowes, in the higehest the
picture of Xpt crucified, in the 2 the picture of o blessed
La: cS: in ye 3 the picture of Sl lohn baptist, excellently
sett forth in fyne couloured glasse.
The Vestrie House.1
1. Wherein are 4 windowes, in the east end thereof the
fairest window hailing therein 5 faire long lights setled
with stoneworke, hauing therein the picture of xpte
crucified in the midst thereof, & aboue his head a pellican
pictured, giuing her blood to her young ones, as Xpt gaue
his for the whole world, and the picture of our blessed La:
platting [wringing, Hunter's editions] her hands &
lamenting most pitifully his death, on the (f. 17'') on the
one syde of xpte, & the picture of Sl lohn Euangelist
leaning on his arme on theother syde, with weeping teares
from his eyes, & the picture of Sl Bede in a blew habitt
of the north syde of our blessed Lady, & the picture of
Sl Leonard* on the south side, of Sl lohn being all fynely
sett forth in couloured glasse.
2. In the 2 window are 3 like lights, hauing in the 1
the picture of S* Oswold with a ball and a crosse in the one
hand, and a scepter in the other, in the 2 the picture of our
Lady, with Christ in her amies, and in ye 3 the picture of
Sl Cuthbert wlh saint Oswolds head in his hand, tS: the
picture of a monke called Thomas Moresbie" deuoutlv
kneeling, with M'r dei miserere mei, written aboue his
head.
3. In the 3 window are 3 like lights, hauing in the 1
the picture of the salutac'on of the angell Gabriell, to
the virgin Mary, in the 2 the picture of o blessed Lady,
' This section is not in MSS. C., II. 44.
IlS RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Raul., with a little pott before her, & vnderneeth her, the picture
of the prior of Coldingha named Wm Drax,* hauing a
crosyer staffe in one hand, & a booke in the other, in a
black habitt kneeling, & holding vp his hands, with m'r
dei miserere mei, aboue his head, & vnder him Wm Drax
prior of Coldingha, & vnder hi ye picture of Sl Ebba
prioresse,* at her prayers wth these words, Aue gra plena
d'ns tecu.
4. In the 4 window are 3 like lights, hauing in yc 1,
the picture of B. Aydan in his episcopall apparell, with his
crosyer (99) staffe in his hand, in the 2 light the picture of
gt Wni Bushop* in his masse apparell & a staffe in his
hand wth a crosyer vpon it, & vnder hi the picture of a
monke in a blacke habitt, called Thomas Rome,* hauing
written vnder hi Thomas Rome sacrista, and aboue him
Scus will'us (sic) ora pro nobis, & in the 3 light the picture
of Sl Bede in a blew habitt all sett forth in couloured glasse.
The 9 Altars.*
1. ffirst in the midest was the altar of Sl Cuthbert & Sl
Bede, aboue wch there is a faire long window, wth 4 long
lights seuered wth stoneworke, & a crosse diuision* of
stone thwart the midst, In the 2 high light are ye pictures
of Sl Cuthbert with Sl Oswolds head in his right hand, &
his crosier staffe in thother, apparrelled as he said Masse,
viz an albe & a read westm1 aboue it, & Sl Bede in a blew
habitt, vnder there feet in the same high lights are the
pictures of 2 Bishops with there crosier staues in there
hands kneeling & looking vp vnto the, in there espiscopall
attire & myters, the one vnder Sl Cuthbt & the other vnder
saint Bede.
In the 2 lower lights is the discription of Sl Cuthbert
[vide Cloyster windowes,* H. 44] wth the sun beame
shining, vpon his mothers bedd, at his natiuity, & the
building of Fame Hand with other pt of his myracles, wth
the picture of Sc Oswold king, blowing his home,* & the
picture of Sl Cuthbt appearing to ye said saint Oswold,
(f. 18) with the draught of the armes of Bishop Langley
& others, all in fyne couloured glasse, and aboue all are 4
i in: NINE \i. i ARS. 119
turret windows cortteyning the picture o( our blessed •VIS- K •'
Lady, and the lillie before her, and her salutation in
cou loured glasse.
On the south side oi S1 Cuthberts & S' Bedes altar, was
the altar of S* Oswold king, & Sl Lawrence haueing aboue
the same a like wyndow & light, the 2 higher lights
hauing the picture of Sl Oswold with a scepter" in his
right hand, & a golden crowne on his head, & a crosse &
a ball in the left hand, & vnder hi the picture of Bishop
Langley in his pontifical! habitt, hauing written aboue hi,
o s'ca m'r dei ora pro me, & vnder hi, orate pro Thoma
Langley ep'o dunelm, & the picture of Sl Lawrence
wlh his girdirons in his left hand, <& the armes &
scutcheon of B. Langley vnder hi, viz a faire crowne of
gold aboue his helmet, & within the crowne, the crest
being a bush of ostrich feathers* excellently sett forth, in
fyne greene & read painted glasse, the 2 lower lights
conteyne the seWall storyes of Sl Oswold beheaded (100) &
lying on his beare accompanied with Sl Cuth : & others,
& the sun beames shyning vpon hi, where he lav on his
beare, & the story of Sl Laurence death & martyrdome, &
in the middle deuision of the said window are 4 like lights,
hauing 4 starres or millets in the, & aboue all are 4 turrett
windowes hauing the pictures of our sauiour Christ, and
our blessed Ladie, & others in most curious glassoned
worke.
2. The 2 was the altar of Sl Thomas of Canterburie, &
sl Katherine, a like window with like lights, conteyning
the storie of Sl Thomas martirdome comming downe on
the one side, & the storie of sl Katherina' brought before
the king & tormented on the wheeles, with 2 aungells
seuering thee wheeles from torturing her, & after coffiitted
to prison, looking foorth of the grate, and her beheading
afterwards in the kings psence, coming downe on the
other side, with certaine armes & scutcheons in 4 turrett
windowes, vnder the midst o\~ the said window deuided, &
the pictures of 4 Bishops, in 4 little turret windowes, cS:
the picture oi 0 B. Lady aboue all in a blew habitt.
120 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Rawi., 3. The 3 was the altar of Sl Iohn Baptist, & Sl
Margeret with a like wyndow & lights hailing the picture
of Sl Iohn Baptist one the one syde, & the lambe, & a
crosse in his hand, with these words written aboue him,
ecce agnus dei, & vnder him. (a monke called
Thomas) in a bleu habitt, with these words aboue hi,
adiurua [sic] me s'ce Cuthb'te Thorn, & his baptizing of
Christ in Iordan, being after brought before the King
and Oueene & soe consequently beheaded, & the picture of
Sl Margaret" on the other syde, hauing oiicome the dragon,
with these words aboue her, S'ca Margareta, & being
brought before the king was condemned, & hung by the
head haire, drawen vp by wyndowes,* & put into a tunne
of oyle, which would not kill her, because the [sic] would
not consume it, & soe she was beheaded, aboue all
are 4 turrett Wyndowes, conteyning & holding the
pictures of Sl Iohn Baptist and our blessed Lady & others,
& finely sett out in couloured glasse.
4. (f. i8b) The 4 was the altar of Sl Andrew, & Mary
Magdelene, wth a like wyndow & lights, conteyning on
the one syde, the picture of Sl Andrew, with his crosse oil
his bodie, and these words oil his head, S'cus Andreas, on
the other side, Mary Magdelene wth s'ca Maria Magdelena
oil her head, & the storie of her kneeling at her prayers,
brought before the king and iudged to die,* & some pt
of the storie of Xpt annoynting & visiting the sicke, &
aboue all 4 turrett wyndowes, & the pictures of 4 doctors of
the Church, Sl Augustine, Hierome, Ambrose, & Gregorie,
in fyne couloured glasse.
(101) 1. On the north syde of Sl Cuth : & Sl Bedes altar,
was the altar of saint Martin, and saint Edmond,* hauing
like wyndow, and ligts, conteyning the picture of Sl Martin
in his blew vestm1, & his myter on his head, a staffe in
his hand and a crosse on the topp, & these wordes ouer
him, S'cus Martinus Archep'us, & vnder him the draught
of Bishop Skerlawes armes holden vp with 2 aungells, &
fadowmed" & coiled with the third, & the storie of Sr
Martin & certaine armes drawen therein, especiallie the
picture of a wicked spirite in the likenesse of a womam [sic]
1'IIK NINE ALTARS. 121
who had gotten into the chamber of S1 Martin (Edmond MS. Rawl.
interlined, and so H. 44), intending to tempt that holie
man, (to leeherie, interlined) & his contempt of the sin,
was sin of leeherie, [sic] who by the prayers <S: deuotion of
that holv man & his contempt of the sin, was soe abhorred
and detested, that he with a rod did switch & beate her
forth o( the bed, & the picture of Sl Edmond in his red
episcopal! attire, with a staffe hauing a erosse on the top,
in his hand, <S: these words oti him, S'cus Kdmudus ep'us,
with diuers & sundrie armes of men, both aboue in little
turret wvndowes, & below, & the picture of B. Skeirlaw
with the picture of 2 angells on eother syde, vnderneeth
Sl Edmund B. with 4 turrett wyndowes conteyning the
armes of diuers noblemen pfectly drawen in the breasts of
4 angells.
2. The 2 was the altar of saint peter & saint paule,
hauing like wyndow & lights, conteyning the picture of
Sl peter with the erosse keyes in his hand, & vnderneath
his beheading,' & pt of his myracles shewing his danger of
drowning walking walking [sic] towards Xpt on the sea,
vntill Xpt helped hi, & tooke hi by the hand, wth yc picture
oi 4 armes in the little paines vnderneath the middle stone-
worke, And the picture of saint paule psecuting the Church
of Damascus, & therefore stricke blind, & after, became an
ap'le vpon the appearing of Xpt vnto hi, hauing written
vpon his breast, Saule, Saule, quid tu me psequeris, &
after brought before thee emperour was beheaded, & aboue
all 4 little towre wyndowes wth 4 fvne pictures fvnely
sett out in [sic] couloured glasse, that is to saie, of saint
Ceadda, saint Cuthbert, saint Aydaine, and another Bishop
Which is unknowen, & a little wyndow aboue all with ye
picture of god almighty.
3. (f. 19) The 3 was the altar of Sl Aydaine, with
like wyndow <\: lights, with the picture of S' Aydaine in
his episcopall attyre, wth his crosier staffe in his hand,
whose soule after his death is departed [in his hand and his
Soul carried to Heaven by two Angells* in a Sheete with
part oi' the Storie of Christ, C. ; reported, II. 44] to
be carved vp in a sheete into heauen by 2 angells, with
122 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Rawl., pCell of the story of Xpt, & the picture of a king & 2 other
saints, & the picture of Sl Elinor* [Sl Ellinor in a blew
habit being a Prioresse with the Story of religious women
of her order going to her Chappell, C. ; Helena, H. 44] in
her blew habitt being a prioresse, conteyning the story
[soverainty, H. 44] of the religious women of her order,
resorting to there Churche & the picture of our Ladie
& the angell Gabriell appearing to her, & the (102) holy
Ghost ouershadowing her, the lilly springing forth of the
lillie pott, and vnderneath the middle stoneworke are the
pictures of angells in 4 little wyndowes, & aboue all are
4 towre wyndowes with the pictures of 4 ap'les, and thee
picture of God almightie all in another wyndow, in
couloured glasse, with our sauiour Christ in her* [his,
H. 44] armes.
4. The 4 altar, was the altar of the archangell Sl
Michaell, with like window & lights, conteyning the
pictures of 8 seuerall orders* of angells, in 8 seuall
pictures, vijj one angell pictured & vnder hi written
Cherubines & seraphines, another, & vnder him, Arch-
angeli, another, & under hi, Angeli, another, & vnder
him, principatus, another, & vnder him, dominac'oes,
another, & vner [sic] him potestates.
And aboue all in 4 turrett windowes the pictures of 4
Archangells, winged with the wheele vnder there feet, &
there names written in there winges, and aboue all in a
little towre window, in the middest of it, is the picture of
god Almighty.
ffinis.
ffinis de histories of the glasse windowes in the Cathe-
drall Church of Duresme.
MS. Cosin. (ioi) II. De aduentu Regis Henr: 6 ad Eccl'iam
b. 11. 2, v r* 1
1660, P. 112. Dunelm.
Illustrissimus benignissimus graciosissimus et o'ibus
eum intuentibp amabilis. Rex noster Henricus sextus post
conquestuin visitauit Tumbam S'ti Cuthberti pontificis in
Dunelmo. causa peregrinac'ois Anno Domini 1448.* An'o
papatus D'ni Nicholai 5li 20 A0 Regni Regis ejusdem
Henrici 260 A° agtatis ejusdem vicesimo 71110 An'o
LETTER OF KING HENRY VI. 1 23
pontificatus Domini Roberti Xeuill Dunel' Ep'i undecimoMS. Cosin,
I! I I 1
et An" prioratus Dm' Mgn Willmi Ebchester sacrae ",(,,„',.""
paginae professoris in Theologia socundo. litera dominicalis
F. C. \j" Kal : octobris.* et mansit in Castello Domini Ep'i
in Dunelmo usq' in ultimum diem ejusdem mensis, hoc
est pridie Kail : octobris in ffesto S'ti Jeronimi presbyteri,
et in Hie Dominica, in die S'ti Miehaelis Arcangeli in
propria persona erat. in primis vesperis, in processione, in
Missa, in Secundis Vesperis.
Litera D'ni Regis Henrici sexti Mag'ro Joh'i p- "3-
Somerset missa Anno D'ni 1448.
De premissis.
Right trusty and well beloved. Wee greet you hartly well
letting you witt, that Blessed be oil Lord God we have
been right merry in oil pilgramage. considering iij Causes,
one is how that the Church of yc province of Yorke &
diocesse of Durham be as nobill in doing of Divine Service
in multitude of Minists and in sumptuous & glorious
buildinge, as anie in our Realme. And alsoe how our
Lord has radicate in the people his faith and his Law. and
yl they be as Catholicke people as ever wee came amonge
and all good and holy, that wee dare say, ye i Comandem1
may bee verified right well in them. Diligunt Dominii
Deum ipsorum ex totis animis suis. et tota mente
sua. Alsoe they have done unto us all great hertly
Reverence and Worshipp. as ever we had, with all great
humanity and meekness, with all Celestiall. blessed and
honoble speech and blessinge as it can be thought and
imagined, and all good and better than wee had ever
in ou Life, eaven as they had beene celitus inspirati.
Wherefore we dare well (104) say, it may be verified in
them ye holy sayinge of y prince of yc Apostles. S: Peter
when he sayeth. Deum timete. Regem honorificate.
Qui timent Dominum et Regem honorificant cum
debita Reuerentia. Wherefore ye Blessing y< God
gave to Abraham Isack and Jacob descend upon them all.
&c. Wryten in our Citty of Lincolne, in crastino St"
(sic) Lucas Luangelista: 1448.
ffinis.
124 RITES OF DURHAM.
(105) III. Inscriptions beneath the Figures* of
such Monks of the Benedictine Order as were
painted upon the screen work of the altar
of Saint Jerome and Saint Benedict, in Dur-
ham Cathedral.1
ms. Keel. Quia de ortu sacrosanctas religionis Monachorum
Duneim pleriscjue vertitur in dubium, asserentibus quibusdam,
B. in. 30. minus sane sapientibus, prefatam religionem per Sanctum
Benedictum habuisse exordium, et sic quasdam picturas et
scripturas ymaginum ad altare Sanctorum Jeromini et
Benedicti in ecclesia Dunelmensi non esse veras ; asserunt
etiam sic opinantes ordinem Canonichorum Regularium,
quern allegant a beato Augustino habuisse exordium,
ordinem praecessisse Monachorum, sicut dictus Sanctus
Augustinus erat ante Sanctum Benedictum per spacium
annorum {blank in MS.) nee ante ejus tempora extitisse,
ut hiis erroribus contraveniatur et Veritas clarius elucescat,
ex sententiis diversorum Sanctorum et Doctorum, prout
inferius continetur, liquebit, quid de ejusdem inchoacione
et felici successu est indubie sentiendum
fo. 5. Nunc superest, veritate duce, ostendere picturam
ymaginum prefatarum veram esse, et plurimorum
auctorum fideli testimonio confirmatam
fo. 2081;. scripture sub imaginibus monachorum ad altare
Sanctorum Jeronimi et Benedicti in Ecclesia
Dunelmensi.
fo. 4, marg. Nomina sanctorum subscribuntur monachorum,
Sub normis quorum plures vixere virorum.
Sancti monstrantur, ac scriptis intitulantur,
Celo letantur, hiis plures sanctificantur.
fo. 6. Nomina Paparum.
In Supremo Gradu Superioris Tabul/E.
Sanctus Gregorius. Primus ex parte boriali.
1 Extracted from Prior Wessington's Treatise " De Origine Monachatus
cum aliis de Statu Monachali." MS. Eccles. Cath. Duneim., B. III. 30.
We do not know exactly when this compilation was made. Wessington
was Prior 1416— 1446. He was engaged on books of muniments, etc., in
1407 — 9. Rolls, 138, 223, 436.
INSCRIPTIONS BENEATH FIGURES. 125
(106) Sanctus Dionisius, ex monacho in Papam conse- MS- Ecc,«
r> • j >■ Calh-
cratUS. I rim us ex parte australt, Dunelm.
B. III. 30.
Sanctus Deodatus, ex monacho Papafactus. Secundus
ex parte boriali.
Sanctus Gregorius VII. prius dictus Hildebrandus,
Prior Cluniacensis. Secundus ex parte australt.
Eugenics tercius, Abbas Sancti Anastasii, postea in
Papam creatus. Tertius ex parte boriali.
Adriancs quartus, natione Anglus, monachus Monas-
terii Sancti Ruphi. Tertius ex parte austra/i.
CELESTINUS qcintcs, monachus et heremita. Quartus fo. Gv.
ex parte boriali.
Urbanus quintus, Abbas Sancti Victoris Marsilia?.
Quartus ex parte australt.
Nomina Imperatorum.
Lotarius Imperator Romanorum, monachus. Quin-
tus ex parte boriali.
Michael Imperator Constantinopolitanus, mona-
chus. Quintus ex parte australt.
In medio gradu superioris tabulae.
Nomina Regum.
Josaphat Rex Indorum, per Barlaam conversus* et
monachus factus. Primus ex parte boriali.
KAROLOM ANNUS Rex FRANCORUM, in monachum fo. 7.
attonsus. Primus ex parte australt.
Coenredus Rex Merciorcm, monachus. Secundus
ex parte boriali.
Ethelredus Rex Merciorcm, in monasterio de Bard-
nay monachus factus. Secundus ex parte australt.
OPFA Rex Orientalicm Saxon cm, monachus. Tertius
ex parte boriali.
(107) Sebba Rex Orientalicm Saxonum, monachus.
Tertius ex parte a us t rati.
126 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Ecci. Sigbertus, Rex Orientalium Saxonum, monachus.
Dunelm. Quart us ex parte boriali.
B. III. 30.
to. jv. Leowlphus Rex Northanhimbrorum, monachus, ad
quern Beda Historiam Anglorum scripsit. Plures res et
villas Monasterio Lindisfarnensi contulit. Tandem, relicto
regno, monachus ibidem effectus, post gloriosae vitas
cursum in eodem est sepultus. Cujus caput, decursis
multorum annorum curriculis, ad Dunelmum translatum,
cum aliis Sanctorum reliquiis in ecclesia Sancti Cuthberti,
quern semper amaverat, est locatum. Ex Li0.* de Funda-
cione Ecclesias Dunelmensis, sub anno gratiag 738.
Quart us ex parte aus trait.
Eraclius Rex Bulgarorum, monachus. Quintus ex
parte boriali.
Rachis Rex Longobardorum, monachus. Quintus
ex parte australi.
In inferiori gradu superioris tabula.
Nomina Patriarcharum.
Sanctus Athanasius, Egiptiorum sacratissima lux,
Alexandrinus patriarcha, et monachus.
fo. 8. Sanctus Johannes Crisostomus, patriarcha Con-
stantinopolitanus, et monachus. Primus ex parte boriali.
Theophanius, monachus, Patriarcha Antiochenus.
Pri?Jius ex parte australi.
Nomina Archiepiscoporum.
Sanctus Martinus, primo miles, monachus. Secundus
ex parte boriali.
Sanctus Basilius, Archiepiscopus Capadocise, mona-
chus. Tertius ex parte boriali.
Sanctus Bonifacius monachus, natione Anglicus, in
Archiepiscopum Maguntinensem ordinatus. Secundus ex
parte australi.
to. Sv. Sanctus Augustinus monachus et Archiepiscopus
Cantuariensis. Tertius ex parte boriali.
INSCRIPTIONS BENEATH FIGURES. 1 27
(10S) Rabanus monachus et Abbas Puldensis, postea MS. Eccl.
Magunciae Archiepiscopus. Tertius ex parte australi. Duneim.
B. III. 30.
Sanctus Duxstanus monachus. Quartus ex parte
australi.
SANCTUS THEODORUS monachus, Archiepiscopus Can-
luaiiensis, Sanctum Cuthbcrtum apud Eboracum in
presencia Regis Egfridi et septem episcoporum in
episcopum Lindisfarnensem consecravit. Quint us ex
parte boriali.
Sanctus LANFRANCUS, monachus, Archiepiscopus
Cantuariensis. Quintus ex parte australi.
SANCTUS ANSELMUS, doctor et Abbas Beccensis, Archi-
episcopus Cantuariensis. Sextus ex parte boriali.
Sanctus Leander, Archiepiscopus Hispalensis et f°- 9-
monachus. Sextus ex parte australi.
Sanctus Honoratus monachus, Archiepiscopus Arela-
tensis. Septimus ex parte australi.
Sanctus Hillarius monachus, Archiepiscopus Arela-
tensis. Octavus ex parte australi.
Sanctus Odo, Archiepiscopus Cantuariensis, monachus.
Septimus ex parte boriali.
Sanctus Elphegus, monachus, Archiepiscopus Cantua- fo. qv.
riensis. Octavus ex parte boriali.
Sanctus Paulinus, monachus, Eboracensis Archiepis-
copus. Primus ex parte australi.
Sanctus LAURENCIUS, monachus, Archiepiscopus
Cantuariensis. Primus ex parte boriali.
Sanctus Justus, monachus, Archiepiscopus Eboracen-
sis. Tertius ex parte boriali.
Sanctis MELLITUS, monachus, Archiepiscopus Cantua-
riensis. Secundus ex parte boriali.
Sanctus Wilfridus, monachus Lindisfarnensis, postea fo. 10.
Abbas Rypensis, deinde Archiepiscopus Eboracensis.
Sedem (109) episcopalem Haugustaldensem et monasterium
128 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Eccl. Selesey fundavit. Vectam insulam et gentem Australium
Duneim. Saxonum ad fidem convertit. Cum Scotis in sinodo apud
B. III. ,io. Qwytbv, coram Oswyn Rege, de observatione termini
Paschalis disputavit et vicit, et apud Rypun sepultus
quiescit. Beda de Gestis Anglorum. L. 5. C. 19. sub
anno Gratia?, 629. Secundus ex parte australi.
Sanctus Oswaldus, monachus, Archiepiscopus Ebora-
censis. Tertius ex parte australi.
Sanctus Honorius, monachus, collega Sancti Augus-
tini, Cantuariensis Archiepiscopus. Quartus ex parte
boriali.
fo. I07-. Sanctus Hildefonsus, Abbas Agaliensis, postea
Archiepiscopus Tholetanus. Quintus ex parte australi.
Sanctus Ausbertus, monachus, Rothomagensis
Archiepiscopus. Decimus ex parte boriali.
Sanctus Austregesilus, Archiepiscopus Bituricensis.
Undecimus ex parte boriali.
Sanctus Sulpicius, monachus, Bituricensis Archi-
episcopus. Duodecimus ex parte boriali.
Thurstinus, sine subjectione canonica Cantuariensi
Archiepiscopo facta, in Archiepiscopum Eboracensem
ordinatus, Monasterii quod Fontes dicitur, aliorumque
octo fundator fuit eximius. Cujus exhortacionibus et
monicionibus David Rex Scotiae per barones Eboracencis
provincial, apud Moram de Alverton, commisso gravi
praelio, cum suo exercitu est devictus, et tandem apud
oppidum quod Pons Fractus dicitur, monachico habitu est
indutus," ubi et quiescit sepultus. Ex Policronica,* L. 7.
C. 15 & 18. sub anno Gratia?, 1141. Quartus ex parte
australi.
Sanctus Cuthbertus, monachus, undecimus Cantuaria?
Archiepiscopus. Quintus ex parte boriali.
to. 11. Sanctus Bregwinus, monachus, Archiepiscopus Can-
tuariensis. Sextus ex parte boriali.
Bartholomeus, Lugdunensis Archiepiscopus, mona-
chus. JVonus ex parte boriali.
INSCRIPTIONS BENEATH FIGURES. 1 29
(no) SANCTUS David, vulgo Davy, Archiepiscopus MS,- Eccl-
Urbis Legionum, 147 antatis sua? anno celestia regna Dunel'm.
petivit. Nonus ex parte australi. b. in. 30.
Sanctis MAGLORIUS, Archiepiscopus Dolensis, mona-
chus. Uhdectmus ex parte australi.
SANCTUS Malachias, monachus, Archiepiscopus Arma- fo. uv.
chanus. Duodecimus ex parte australi.
SANCTUS Sampson, monachus, Archiepiscopus Dolensis.
Decimus ex parte australi.
Sanctus Eucherius, monachus, et Archiepiscopus Lug-
dun e n s i s . Sex t us ex pa rte a ustra ti. l
Nomina Episcoporum.
Sanctus Herculianus, in episcopum Perusinum
electus.
Sanctus Eutropius, ecclesias Valentinae episcopus. fo. 12.
Sanctus Helenus, monachus, episcopus Heliopoleos.
Sanctus Cedd, monachus Lindisfarnensis Monasterii,
unus ex discipulis Sancti Aydani, et germanus Sancti
Ceddas, Lichefeldensis episcopi, a Finano episcopo Lindis-
farnensi in episcopum ordinatus, gentem Orientalium
Saxonum et Swythelmum regem Orientalium Anglorum
cum suo populo ad fidem convertit. Monasterium de
Lestingaeu ex donacione et concessione Ethelwaldi regis
Northumbrian filii Sancti Oswaldi fundavit, et religiosis
moribus, juxta ritus ubi educatus fuerat, instruit. Regem
Orientalium Saxonum Sigibertum, pro eo quod contra
prohibicionem suam in domo cujusdam comitis per eundem
episcopum excommunicati epulaturus intravit, in eadem
domo per dictum comitem occidendum fore predixit. Beda
de Gestis Anglorum, li° 3. cais 22 & 28. Floruit anno
Gratias 706.
Sanctus Germanus, monachus, Autisiodorensis epis- fo. izv.
copus.
1 This is the last entry of the situation of a picture.
I -JO RITES OF DURHAM.
.ms. Eccl. Sanctus Johannes, Gerundensis Episcopus et mona-
Cath" chus
Dunelm. cnus<
' 3°" Sanctus Martinus, monachus, Dumiensis sanctissimus
pontifex.
fo. 13- (in) Sanctus Theodulphus, Abbas Floriacensis, deinde
Episcopus Aurelianensis.
Sanctus Ethelwoldus, primo monachus Glastoniae,
postea Abbas Abendonias, deinde episcopus Wintoniensis,
a beato Dunstano consecratus, co-operantibus regibus
Edredo et Edgaro. Sex monasteria monachorum fundavit
et reparavit, videlicet Abendoniae, Hely, Thorney, Burgh,
Nota hie. et duo in civitate Wintonias. Hie semel ad Dunelmum
est profectus, ubi, quod magna? videbatur audacias,
revulso sepulcri operculo, cum Sancto Cuthberto quasi
cum amico loquebatur, munusque amoris deposuit* et abiit,
et Wintonias sepultus quiescit, ubi meritis ejus multa
miracula usque in hodiernum diem operari dignatus est
Deus. Ex Historia Aurea,* cais 55, 56, 57, sub anno
Gratias 960.
Sanctus Franciscus, Terraconensis episcopus et mo-
nachus.
fo. 137'. Sanctus Lambertus, monachus, Trajectensis ecclesias
episcopus.
Sanctus Faustus, Abbas Lirinensis, episcopus in
Gallia.
Sanctus Ercomwaldus, Londoniensis episcopus.
fo. 14. Sanctus Audomarus, monachus, Episcopus Tavernen-
sis.
Sanctus Fronto, monachus, Petragoricensis episcopus.
Sanctus Wlstanus, monachus, episcopus Wigornien-
sis.
fo. 14?'. Sanctus Petronius, Bononiensis Ytaliae episcopus.
Sanctus Aldelmus, monachus, episcopus Shyre-
burnensis.
Sanctus Serapion, monachus, decern millium mon-
achorum pater, Tymensis episcopus.*
INSCRIPTIONS BENEATH FIGURES. 1 3 1
Sanctus FuLGENTIUS, monachus, Ruspcnsis ecclesiae MS. Eccl.
1 C .till.
epiSCOpuS. Dunelm.
B. III. 30.
Sanctus HERACLIDES, monachus, etepiscopus Bithiniae. fo. 15.
Sanctis Eata, uiuis dc xij pueris Sancti Aydani, quos
ah initio dc natione Anglorum suscepit et educavit, postca
monachus ct abbas Mailrosensis et Lindisfarnensis fact us,
Sanctum (112) Cuthhcrtum in monachum creavit, ac
prepositum sive priorem, primo Mailrosensem, post
Lindisfarnensem fecit. Monasterium monachorum in
Ripon, dato loco ah Alfrido rege, fundavit, uhi Sanctus
Cuthbertus Angelum Dei hospicio suscepit. Deinde per
Theodorum Magnum Cantuariensem archiepiscopum
ordinatus episcopus regimen Haugustaldensis et Lindis-
farnensis ecclesiarum, duarum videlicet sedium, aliquamdiu
accepit, et tandem apud Hexham obiit : quern intra
ecclesiam, in scrinio honore condigno, Alfred Alius
Westou, presbiter Dunelmensis, collocavit. Beda de
gestis Anglorum. Et ex vita ejusdem,* sub anno Gratiae
678.
Sanctus Cuthbertus, patronus ecclesiam, civitatis, et
libertatis Dunelmensis, nacione Hibernicus, regiis paren-
tibus ortus, nutu Dei Angliam perductus et apud Mailros
monachus est effectus, deinde in ecclesiam Lindisfarnensem fo. 152-.
per Abbatem suum Eatam translatus, postea vitam
anachoreticam in insula Fame ducebat solus. Demum
per Egfridum regem et Theodorum archiepiscopum
Cantuariensem, in plena sinodo, in episcopum Lindisfar-
nensem eligitur, et a septem episcopis Eboraci consecratur.
Cujus corpus per Aldunum episcopum Dunelmiam
translatum, ibidem post 418 deposicionis suae annos
incorruptum et flexibile, dormienti quam mortuo similius
est inventum. Beda de Gestis Anglorum libro 4to, cais 25,
26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 (27-32). Et ex Libro* de Exordio et
Progressu ecclesiam Lindisfarnensis simul et Dunelmensis.
Floruit anno Gratia? 680.
Sanctus Gkrmanus, monachus, episcopus Parisiensis.
Sanctus EGWINUS, monachus, YVigornia} episcopus.
I32 RITES OF DURHAM.
i\is. Eccl. Sanctus Maurelius, monachus, Andegavensis epis-
Cath.
Dunelm. COpus.
B. III. 30- ~ ,0
to. 16. Sanctus Moises, monachus, Saracenorum episcopus.
Sanctus Lupus, monachus, Trecasinas urbis episcopus.
Sanctus Amandus, monachus, Trajectensis episcopus.
fo. i6?-. Sanctus Jacobus, cognomine Sapiens, Nizibenas, quae
et Antiochia, Persarum civitatis, episcopus.
Sanctus Brithwoldus, monachus, Wintoniensis epis-
copus.
Sanctus Eadbertus monachus, et septimus episcopus
(113) Lindisfarnensis, vir sciencia scripturarum divinarum
simul et preceptorum caelestium observantia, ac maxime
elemosinarum operacione insignis, saepius per intervalla
temporum in aliqua insularum Domino solitarius militavit,
fo. 17. in quibus predecessor ejus Cuthbertus aliquamdiu morari
consuevit, corpusque Sancti Cuthberti post undecim
sepulturae suae annos cum pannis et vestimentis, quibus
fuerat involutum intemeratis incorruptum et flexibile
inventum de terra levavit novaque in theca recondidit ;
corpusque ejusdem, juxta quod vivens petierat, in sepulcro
Sancti Cuthberti positum fuit, sed modo ejus ossa in thecis
extra Feretrum Sancti Cuthberti ut sanctae reliquiae sunt
servata. Beda de Gestis Anglorum. li° 4, ca° 29 (27).
Sanctus Kentegernus, qui et Mungo, monachus,
Episcopus Glascuensis.
Sanctus Epiphanius, monachus, Cypri Salaminas epis-
copus.
fo. ijv. Sanctus Aidanus, natione Scotus, monasterii de Hii,
vir eximiae sanctitatis, a sancto Oswaldo rege vocatus,
primus Lindisfarnensis fuit episcopus, sedemque epis-
copalem simul et monachorum congregacionem, jubente
rege prefato, anno gratiae 635, ibidem instituit, ac gentem
Berniciorum, suffragante et co-operante eodem rege, ad
fidem convertit. Cujus doctrinam id maxime commendabat
quod non aliter quam vivebat cum suis ipse docebat.
Nihil enim ex omnibus, quae ex propheticis evangeliis et
INSCRIPTIONS BENEATH PIGURES. 133
apostolicis Uteris facienda cognovit, praetermisit. Ex hac Als- 'ii1-
eciam ecclesia omnes ecclesiae et monasteria provinciae Duneim.
Berniciorum sumpserunt originem. Demum, peractis in B. ill. 30.
episcopatu 17 annis, obiit ; cujus animam Sanctus Cuth-
bertus, conversacionis angelica? juvenis egregius, ab
angelis in ccelum deferri conspcxit. Beda de Gcstis
Anglorum, sub anno Gratiae supradicto.
Sanctis Gregorius Nazanzenus {sic), episcopus,
monachus.
Sanctus Albinus, monachus, episcopus Andegavensis.
Sanctus Cedda, monachus, episcopus Lichefeldensis. Jo. 18.
Sanctis Vigor, monachus, Baiocensis episcopus.
Sanctis Finanus, natione Scotus, et monachus de
insula Hii, secundus episcopus Lindisfarnensis, ibidem
ecclesiam sedi episcopali congruam edilicavit, quam postea
Theodorus magnus, (114) Archiepiscopus Cantuariensis,
in honore beati Petri dedicavit. Mediterraneorum
Anglorum regem Peadam in provincia Northanhimbrorum
baptisavit, et quatuor monachos suos, videlicet Cedd,
Adda, Betti et Dymna, qui erudicione et vita videbantur
ydonei, ut ejus genti predicarent, de ecclesia sua cum eo
direxit ; postea Sigbertum regem Orientalium Saxonum
lavacro baptismi perfudit, et predictum Cedd monachum fo. iSz*.
suum eidem regno in episcopum ordinavit, ubi et duo
monasteria construxit. Beda de Gestis Anglorum, li° 30,
cais 17, 21, 22, sub anno Gratiae 652.
Sanctis Leodegarius, monachus, Episcopus Eduensis.
Nomina Abbatum.
Sanctus Leonardus, monachus et abbas.
Sanctis KARILEPHUS in Arvernensi territorio elarissi-
mis parentibus ortus, postea in monasterio Casagaia juxta
urbem Cenomanieam, quod ipse fundavit, monachus et
Abbas effectus, regem Francie Hildebertum ej usque
familiam de quodam vase parvulo semel vino impleto sed
meritis ejusdem Sancti semper exuberante habundantissime
134 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Eccl. refccit. Reginam Francie eum visitare affectans non
Dunelm. permisit, sed insuper ingressum mulierum ab ecclesia sua
B. III. 30. imperpetuum interdixit.1 Unde mulier quedam veste virili
induta ejus ecclesiam ausu temerario ingressa, continuo est
cecata. Ex historia aurea sub anno gracie 512, ca° 62.
fo. 19. Sanctus Wandragesilus, monachus et abbas.
Sanctus Johannes, monachus et abbas.
Sanctus Arsenius, monachus et abbas.
Sanctus Joseph, monachus et abbas.
fo. 19W. Sanctus Pafnucius, monachus et abbas.
Sanctus Pambo, monachus et abbas.
Sanctus Ysidorus, monachus et abbas.
Sanctus Ammonius, monachus et abbas.
fo. 20. Sanctus Macharius, monachus et abbas.
Sanctus Egidius, monachus et abbas.
Sanctus Pachomius, monachus et abbas,
fo. 201;. Sanctus Johannes Cassianus, monachus et abbas.
Sanctus Euagrius, monachus et abbas.
(115) Sanctus Antonius, monachus et abbas,
fo. 21. Sanctus Maurus, monachus et abbas.
Sanctus Johannes, archicantor ecclesiam Sancti Petri
Romae, Abbas.
Sanctus Alquinus, qui et Albinus, abbas,
fo. 2iw. Sanctus Theonas, monachus et abbas.
Sanctus Benedictus Biscopp, abbas, et nutricius
Bedae presbiteri, ministerque Regis Oswini, patriam
relinquens in insula Lyrinensi in monachum attonsus est.
Inde, Romam veniens, Theodorum Cantuariensem archi-
episcopum et Adrianum ejusdem collegam Britannias
adduxit, ac monasterium Sancti Petri Cantuarias regendum
suscepit. Postea duo monasteria, quorum unum, 70
familiarum, in honore Sancti Petri, ad ostium Wiri
fluminis, quod nunc Wermouth-monachorum dicitur, et
INSCRIPTIONS BENEATH PIGURES. l.^.S
aliud, 40 familiarum, in ripa Tyny fluminis, quod modo Ms- Ecci.
[arowe nuncupatur, construxit, qutbus utrisque abbatis Duneim.
jure praefuit. Usque quinquies Romam visitavit, libros et "• ni-3o-
reliquias sanctorum ad monasteria sua revexit, et artem
vitriariam primus ad partes suas attulit. Beda, ex vita
ejusdem* sub anno Gratiae 676.
Sanctus Dionisius, monachus et abbas.
Sanctus Johannes, monachus et abbas. fo. 22.
Sanctis ADRIANUS, abbas.
Sanctus Columbanus, monachus et abbas.
Sanctus Stephanus, abbas. fo. :-•.-.
Sanctus Brendanus, abbas.
Sanctus Columba, monachus et abbas.
Sanctus Eugippus, monachus et abbas.
Sanctus Adampnanus, monachus et abbas. fo- 23-
Sanctis Danvell, monachus et abbas.
Sanctus Theodorus, monachus et abbas.
(116) Nomina Doctorum.
Sanctis Didimus Alexandrinus, monachus et doctor.
Marianus Scotus, doctor. fo. 23^.
Oresiesis, monachus et doctor.
Johannes Scotus, monachus et doctor.
GRACIANUS DE TUSCIA, monachus et doctor. fo. 24.
URSINUS, monachus et doctor.
Sanctis SEVERUS, qui et Sulpicius, monachus et doctor.
VlNCENTIUS LlRINENSIS, monachus et doctor. fo. 24*.
SOPHRONIUS, monachus et doctor.
C \ssionoKis, doctor.
PAULUS DIACONUS CASSINENSIS, monachus et doctor.
EFFREM, monachus et doctor. to. 25.
136 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Eccl. Venerabilis Beda, doctor, presbiter, et monachus,
Cath. . . ,. __ ,. _,,
Dtineim. septimo astatis suae anno traditus est Benedicto Biscopp,
B. III. 30. abbati monasterii Giruensis, quod nunc Jarowe dicitur,
educandus, qui, 19 aetatis sua? anno, in diaconum, et 30 in
presbiterum, a Sancto Johanne Archiepiscopo Eboracensi
est ordinatus, sicque cunctum vitas tempus in eodem
monasterio peragens vitam Sancti Cuthberti conscripsit et
omnem meditandis et exponendis scripturas (sic) operam
dedit. Libros edidit quos in fine Historiae sua? Anglicana?
enumerat, post quorum editionem ibidem obiit ibique
sepultus fuit. Sed postea apud Dunelmum, primo cum
corpore Sancti Cuthberti, deinde in Galilea Dunelmensi in
feretro per Hugonem episcopum constructo, ejus ossa sunt
translata. Ex libro de Exordio et Progressu Ecclesias
Dunelmensis. Et ex libro ejusdem de Gestis Anglorum,
lib. 5to, ca° 25. Sub anno Gratia? 729.
Helinandus, monachus et doctor.
fo. 25^. Sanctus Boisilus, monachus et prepositus ecclesia?
Mailrosensis, magnarum virtutum et prophetici spiritus
sacerdos (117) fuit. Sancto Cuthberto, jubente Abbate
Eata, habitum monachalem tradidit ; cujus monitis et
exemplis instructus quod episcopus foret futurus cognovit.
Mortem propriam et alia plurima predixit. Beda de Gestis
Anglorum, li° 4to, ca° 25 (27). Floruit anno Gratiae 651.
Sanctus Paulus, primus heremita et monachus.
Sanctus Neotus, regis West Saxonum Eldulphi Alius,
monachus.
Sanctus Guthlacus, monachus.
INSCRIPTIONS BENEATH FIGURES. I37
(118) IV. Scnpturaj sub Imaginibus Regum MS. Cosin,
Ad ostium Chori Ecclesise Dunelmensis ex 1660.
p. 1 j.
parte Austral i.
Octo Rcges Totius Angliae qui antiquas possessiones et
libertates Ecclesiae Stj Cuthberti confirmauerunt et plures
de nouo addiderunt.
Rex West Saxonum Alureds per Danes oppressus et [Aluredus
per Sanctum Cuthbertum in forma pauperis visitatus et '
confortatus de Dan is triumphans Monarcha est effectus.
et suo adjutori St0 Cuthberto terram inter Tesam et Tinam
cum regalitate contulit possidendam.
Rex Edwardus senior filius Aluredi Patri succedens [Edwardus
memor beneficii suo Patri per Sl Cuthbertum impensi, senior Rexi-
eundem Sanctum et suam Ecclesiam multum honorauit
et privilegiavit. Plurimaq^ dona Regalia eid'm conferebat.
Rex Ethelstanus filius Edwardi primi a patre monitus Ethelstane
Stm Cuthbertum et ipsius Eccl'iam in pluribus ditavit, et Rex'
possessiones per Danos ablatas pro magna parte restituit
ac Eccl'iam Beuerlacensem in multis honorauit et priui-
legiauit.
Rex Edmundus frater Ethelstani legem Cuthberti" ut Edmundus
in vulgari Saxon ico dicitur: Mid. ffullon: Indon et Wreck
et Witviter. et Inner, et Sacca et Socne, cum plenis legibus
et quietudinibus omni terra* S' Cuthberti dedit et super
Sepulchrum ejus obtulit.
Rex Angliae et Danamarchia? Kanutus ad corpus Stj Kanutus
Cuthberti Dunelmum nudis pedibus a Garmundisway
venit, Et eisq> servitoribus Monachis Staindropam cum
appendicijs donauit Scottos. Wandales. North wagenses1
subjugavit, in locis quibus pugnauit Ecclesias fundauit.
Rex Will'mus Conquestor omnes terras et libertates. Will'mus
quas antiqui Reges Anglorum St,J Cuthberto dederunt CoiuilUs,or-
ratiticauit I Ionedenshire Episcopo. et Hemmingburgh
Monachis Dunclm. de nouo donauit : ac Billingham. quod
mali homines abstulerunt Monachis restituit.
1 MS. is altered to " Northwagfensis."
138 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Cosin, (no) Rex Will'mus Secundus dedit Sto Cuthberto et
B 1 1 1
1660".' Will'mo Ep'o et successorib? suis Aluerton Shire et
Rex Win Moriachis Dunelm. Ecclesias de Aluerton: Siggeston et
Secundus. , _, . _ . ,T . .
de Runton,1 et plures terras in Comitatu Nottingham, ac
etiam antiquas libertates Eccl'ise Dunelm. confirmauit.
Hen. Rex I. Rex Henricus Primus hanc legem Sto Cuthberto con-
stituit. quatenus omnis terra, quas ei data siue de illius
f. 17- pecunia empta fuerit, libera et quieta. cum o'ibus terris
ejus, ab omnibus Consuetudinibus quan ad Regis Coronam
pertinent, ita ut nullus jus in ea ulterius expetat. cujus-
cunq^ debiti uel seruitutis ante fuisse constiterit :
Scripturae sub I magi nib? Regum2 ad ostium Chori
Eccl'iae Dunelm. ex parte Boreali,
Sex Reges Northumbrian a Trenta et Mersee usq^
ffoorth. ubi est mare Scotticum. et Duo Reges Scotia?
promotores hujus EccHan Sedis Ep'alis et Ccetus Mona-
chalis.
Oswaldus Oswaldus Sanctus fundator Eccl'ian et Sedis Ep'alis ac
coetus monachalis qui quondam erant3 in Lindisfernia nunc
sunt in Dunelmo Cujus caput cum corpore Sli Cuthberti
requiescit.
Oswin Rex Oswin frater Sli Oswaldi Pendam Regem
Rex. Merciorum Paganum Stj Oswaldi occisorem in bello
superauit et occidit, et pro hac victoria sibi a Deo
concessa. plura Monasteria fundauit, et dotauit, quorum
sex erant in Deira et sex in Bernicia :
EgtVidus Egfridus Rex Northumbrian Sl Cuthbertum consecrari
umbriffi. fecit in Ep'um Lindisfernensem et sibi dedit Ciuitatem
Lucubaliam, qua? nunc dicitur Carleil, ac Manerium
Regium de Creak cum pertinentijs. Dedit etiam posses-
siones ad fundandum monasterium de Warmoth et Jarro.
Rex Alfrid9 Rex Northumbrian Alfridus dedit Monachis Lin-
bri»m" disfernen. locum in Rippon, ubi fundatum erat
p. 18. Monasterium Monachorum : in quo S: Cuthbertus ad
Receptionem hospitum deputatus Angelum Domini in
1 Apparently Rounlon, in Allertonshire.
1 MS. lias " RegnQ." ' MS. has " erat.'
INSCRIPTIONS BENEATH FIGURES. 1 ,VJ
specie horn in is recepit. dedit et St0 Wilfrido terrain juxta MS, Cosip,
. . . . , . . B. II. a
Stanford iam ubi est pnoratus S" Leonardi : 1660. '
(120) Sanctus Ceolwlfius Rex Northumbrian in Scientijs S : Ceolwifiua
Diuinis et humanis nobiliter instructus: in tantum quod
llllllX'l.'L'.
Heila librum de gestis Anglorum illi misit ad examinan-
dum. Anno nono Regni sui relicta Corona factus est
Monachus Lindisfernensis cujus ossa ut sanctae Riliquiae
in Eccl'iam banc sunt translata :
Guthredus Rex per S: Cuthbertum in Regem pro- Guthredus
, ^ ,. . rp. Rex.
motus totam terrain cum jure Kegali inter line et
W'eere eidem Sl° Donauit Aduersus quern Scotti apud
Mungdnigdene1 pugnaturi subito terras hiatu sunt absorpti
precibus Sli Cutbberti et Regis Guthredi :
Edgarus Rex Scotiae dedit Deo et S : Cuthberto ae [Edgarus
monachis in Eccl'ia Dunelm. seruientibus Regiam Man-
sionem de Coldingham ubi dedicari fecit Eccl'iam in
honore B. Marian. Dedit et his plures villas in Lodoneyo
secundum voluntatem eorum disponendas:
Dauid Rex Scotia? confirmavit Donationem regis Edgari [Dauid Rex
super Coldingham et aliis. cujus donationi ipse Dauid 'p01,'^
addidit plures villas et terras cum magnis libertatibus et
quietudinibus ac franchesiis. Confirmauit etiam Ecclesias et
villas eisdem per alios datas
ScripturcE sub Imaginibus Pontificum Ad Ostium
Chori Ecclesise Dunelm. ex parte Australi.
gtus Cuthbertus Monachus Kp'us Lindisfernensis. nunc S. Cuth:
patron us Ecclesias et Ciuitatis ac Libertatis Dunelm. cujus
corpus post 41S annos Sepulturae suae incorruptum et
flexibile dormienti quam mortuo similius est inuentum et
sic vitam intemeratam2 coiiiendat corporis Incorruptio:
StUh Eadbartus Monachus septimus Ep'us Lindisfernen- s« Eadbertus.
sis. vir sapientia Diuinarum Scripturaru et obseruantia
praeceptorum ccelestium. ac maxime operac'oe eleemosy-
narum insignis Corpus Sl Cuthberti post vndecim
Sepulturae suae annos incorruptum et flexibile inuentum
' Mundynge deene (Metr. Life, 491 7), said to Ik- one mile south of
Norbam. (Lei. Coll. i, 3-'9).
• MS. lias "in temeritatem."
I40 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Cosin, absqj? lassione pannorum quibus erat involutum de terra
1660."' jussit leuari, et Theca reconditum super pauimentum
Dignum uenerac'onis locari, in quo Sepulchro idem Ead-
bartus sepultus erat, sed in ultima translac'oe Corporis
S'li Cuthberti ejus (121) Reliquiae cum eodem corpore sunt.
Et in hac Ecclesia Dunelm. adhuc seruatas :
S:Eadfridus. Stus Eadfridus De habitu Monachali octavus Ep'us
Eccl'ias Lindisfernensis Hujus hortatu venerabilis Beda
presbyter et Monachus Giruensis vitam St! Cuthberti
tarn in metro quam in prosa composuit. Cujus ossa in
Area cum corpore Sli Cuthberti sunt inuenta, et in hac
Ecclesia Dunelm. conceruata :
S: Ethelwold. Stus Ethelwoldus de habitu Monachali nonus Ep'us
Eccl'iae Lindisfernensis. Hie primo religiosse1 vitas Abbas
et presbiter Monastery Mailrocensis et quondam Beati
Cuthberti dignus Minister erat ac Ep'us consecratus
sanctissime vixit et obijt cujus ossa cum Corpore Sli
Cuthberti inuenta, et in hac Ecclesia in Scrinio sunt
reposita.
Waicherus. Walcherus Ep'us sextus hujus loci Dunelmi et de habitu
seculari consecratus. Hie Walcherus reperiens in alba
Ecclesia, quse erat in Loco ubi nunc est Tumba Sl
Cuthberti in claustro cum paucis Monachis Clericos
Seculares insolenter uiuentes et ritum Monachorum in
officio Diuino seruantes proposuit Monachos, quibus
monasterium de Wermuth et de Jarrow cum suis perti-
nency's prius commiserat, secundum morem Lindisfernen-
cis Ecclesia? eos absq^ secularibus ministraturos, in
hunc locum introducere. sed per Northumbrenses in Eccl'ia
de Gateshead peremptus propositum suum ad effectum non
perduxit.
Will's Ep'us, Will'mus de Sto Karilepho septimus Ep'us hujus loci,
p- "' et de habitu monachali consecratus Hie Will'mus
intelligens propositum sui predecessoris Walcheri de
introductione Monachorum in hunc locum, et quod
quidam de Clericis hujus loci causa erant : Necis Walcheri
Ep'i fultus authoritate Apostelica (sic) et authoritate Regia
1 MS. has "a eligeosse."
INSCRIPTION'S BENEATH FIGURES. 141
dictos Clericos de hoc loco ad Ecclesias de Awckland et Ms- c°sin>
Darlington et De Norton transtulit, et Monachos dc ,66o. '
Warmoth et Jarrow hie induxit : Ac Houeden Shire a
Rege Will'mo primo et Alvertonshire a Rege Will'mo
secundo et plures terras Monachis hujus Eccl'iae adquisiuit.
Hunc Chorum a fundamentis construxit.
Ranulphus octauos (sic) Ep'us hujus loci, et de habitu Ranulphus
seculari consecratus. Hie Nauem hujus (122) Eccl'iae per -pu
pnedecessorem suum immediatum Will'mum inchoatam
ad tectum perduxit. Corpus Sli Cuthberti de loco in
alba Eccl'ia, ubi nunc est Tumba in Claustro post annos
depositionis ejus 418 A° gr'a? 1109 incorruptum et flexibile
inventum in banc Eccl'iam ubi nunc transtulit. Inter
hanc Eccl'iam et castrum destructis habitaculis in plani-
ciem redegit. Hospitale de Kepeir fundauit veterem
pontem de framwelgate in Dunelmia et Castrum de
Northam construxit. ac plura ornamenta huic Ecclesia?
reliquit et erat Ep'us 29 annos.
Hugo de Puteaco ii»nus hujus loci Ep'us Dunelmi et de Hugo de
habitu seculari consecratus. Hie Hugo de sanguine Regio a}e**0'
natus, et Thesaurius (sic) Eborum electus per Capitulum
hujus Eccl'ia? consecratus est Ep'us ejusdem per Suiiium
Pontificem Gallileam cum feretro Sli Beda? composuit
Hospitale de Sherburn fundauit et dotauit. Pontem de
Eluet et plura a?dificia in castello Dunelm. ac Turrim
ualidam in Northam, et Eccl'iam de Derlington a funda-
mentis construxit Sadbergiam qua? de antiquo jure hujus
erat Eccl'ia?. De manu Regis pro undecim millibus
librarum redemit ac pretiosa ornamenta huic Eccl'iae
reliquit. Jura et libertates Sli Cuthberti prudenter defendit,
ac completis in Ep'atu xlj annis in Domino feliciter
obdormiuit. et obijt apud Houeden.
Scripturae sub Imaginibus pontificum ad ostium
Chori Eccl'iae Dunelm. ex parte Boreali.
S1 Aidanus natione Scotus Monachus Monasterij de S: Aidanus.
Hij Ep'us factus per Sm Oswaldum vocatus Ano Gratia?
635 lundavit sedem Ep'alem et Monachoru congregation*?
P- 23-
I42 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Cosin, in Insula Lindisfernensi. Ac Gentem Berniciorum coope-
R 1 1 2 ...
1660." rante Sto Os\v° ad fidem Xpi conuertit. Hujus Aidani
animam Sl Cuthbertus ab Angelis in coelum deferri
conspexit et ejus caput et ossa in hac Eccl'ia Dunelm.
ut sanctas Reliquiae sunt seruata :
s. ffinanus. Sanctus ffinanus natione Scotus et Monachus secundus
erat Ep'us Lindisfernensis : Hie baptizavit Sigebertum
Regem Orientalium Saxonum, et peadam mediterraneorum
Anglorum principem, ac: Cedd : presbiterum et Monachum
Eccl'ise Lindisfernensis ordinauit Ep'um Genti Orienta-
lium Saxonum et completis in Ep'atu Decern Annis in
D'no fasliciter obdormiuit :
s. Eatas. (123) Sus Eata Monachus et Abbas Mailrosensis et
Lindisfernensis fecit Sl Cuthbertum Monachum ac
propositum (sic) siue priorem primo Miailrosense post
Lindisfernensem, et dato loco ab Alfrido Rege in Rippon
fundauit Monasterium Monachorum, ubi Sl Cuthbertus
hospitio suscepit Angelum D'mi, et Ep'us factus quintus in
ordine rexit Eccl'iam Lindisfernensem simul cum Eccl'ia
de Hexham cujus ossa in Eccl'ia de Hexham sunt
canonizata :
Ecgrediis. Ecgredus de habitu Monachali i4nuis Ep'us Lindisfernen.
hie vir natu nobilis dedit St0 Cuthberto Eccl'iam de
Northam quam agdificauit, villam quoqjj de Gedworth cum
appendicijs Eccl'iam quoq^ et villam de Geynford et quic-
quid ad earn pertinet :
Earduiphus. Eardulphus de habitu Monachali sextus decimus et
ultimus Ep'us Eccl'iam Lindisfernensis. Hie vir magni
meriti erat audito adventu Danorum Paganorum Ille [et1]
Edredus Abbas tollentes seed Corpus Sli Cuthberti Eccl'iam
Lindisfernensem reliquerunt post annos 241 ex quo sedis
Ep'alis cum Ccetu Monachali ib'm erat instituta Anno
p. 24. Gra: 875 et de loco ad Locum fugientes per Septennium
rabiem Danorum tandem reportauerunt dictum Corpus in
Cestriam in Streta. ubi per centum et tredecim Annos
dictum corpus et sedes Ep'alis permanserunt :
1 Not in MS.
INSCRIPTIONS BENEATH FIGURES. 1 43
Cutheardus secundus Ep'us Conkcestrcn. et de habitu MS. Cosin,
Monachal] : Hie Cutherdus de pecunia Sli Cuthberti ad 'l66o> '
opus ejusdem emit Bedlington cum appendicijs. Et cum Cutheardus.
miles quidam Regis Reynwaldi Pagan i, Onlafbal nomine et
ipse Paganas (sic) qui terras S1' Cuthberti usurpauit eteidem
Sancto improperauit ad Kp'um et congrecaco'em multis
injury's vexauit, ad ostium Eccl'iae veneratur (sic), et alterum
inter alterum extra pedem posuerat quasi clavus confixus
stetit, sicqS est tortus, quod miseram animam in eodem
loco reddere est compulsus Sli Cuthberti mentis et
Cutheardi precibus. quo exemplo omnes alij contriti1 nihil
quod Eccl'iae S" Cuthberti competabat. (sic) u Iter i us inua-
dere presumebant.
Aldwinus nonus et ultimus Ep'us Conkcestrensis ac Aldwinus.
primus Dunelmensis. et de habitu Monachal] Hie
.Vldunus Ep'us vir eximia? Religionis et prosapias nobilis
anno gr'ae 995 ccelesti pmonitus oraculo Corpus Sli Cuth-
berti in Dunelmum transportauit. Ouem locum Denssis-
(i24)sima undiq^ sylua pro tunc ocupauerat, nullus
habitaculis ibi constructis, ubi infra breue Eccl'iam et
habitacula cum auxilio Comitis Northamimbrorum
dum necessitatem paterentur ad tempus pra^stitit, quod p. 25.
comites qui ei successerunt per violentiam detinuerunt.
Edmundus secundus Ep'us Dunelmensis de habitu Edmundus.
Monachali consecratus : Hie de Clericali habitu per vocem
de feretro S1' Cuthberti prolatam et per Sacerdotem
Magnam Missam celebrantem ter auditam nominatus est
Ep'us eligendus. quod et factum est. sed ille Cathedram
Pnedecessorum suorum, qui Monachi fuerant, nullo modo
se posse ascendere fatebatur, nisi illos et ipse Monachico
habitu indutus imitaretur. Ouadpropter (sic) Monachali
habitu suscepto a Wlstano Archiepiscopo Eboracen. Ep'us
Dunelm. est consecratus Et in Eccl'iae regimine valde
strenuum se exhibebat Xullius potentia, Res vel terras
hujus Eccl'iae passus est violari vel inde auferri, prauis
multum erat metuendus, ac bonis humilis amandus.
1 So apparently in MS., for '• conterriti," tlu' word used in Hist. Trttnsl,
S, Cut/ib., Surtees Symeon, I, 166.
144 RITES OF DURHAM.
(125) V. LlBERATURA SPECIALIS.* 15IO.
Magistro Johanni Underwod, 3 ulnae.1
Magistro Scolarium, 3 uln. Item M. Cheston, ulnae.
Et eidem hoc anno quia pro patre.
Magistro Thomae Farn de pannario, 4.
Et domino Priori ex precepto, 4 uln.
Generosi.
Willielmo Bulmer, militi, 3 uln.
Johanni Rakett, 3.
Henrico Killinghal, marshall, 3 et i3^ praeter &c.
stipend.
Hugo Holland, 3 et 1 ultra. Quietus in stipendio.
Radulpho Hagerston, 3 et 1 ultra. Solvit.
Roberto Langforth, cantori, 3 et 1 ultra 2s. 3d. In
stipendio.
Johanni Salamond, 3, ex precepto, et 1 ultra solvit 2s. 8d.
Magistro Johanni Clerk, ex precepto Domini, scribae, 3
et 1 ultra.
(Esset inter valectos pro officio scribae. Quietus.)
Leonell Elmeden, kervour, 3 et 1 ultra. In stipendio.
Clerici valecti.*
Clerico capellae 3.
Clerico supprioris 3.
Clerico bursarii 3.
Valecti.
Johanni Bukley, valecto cellarii vini, 3 et 1 ultra. In
stipendio.
Petro Barnard, cursori scaccarii, 3 et 1 ultra. In
stipendio.
Thomae Taylyour, popinario,* 3 et 1 ultra. In stipendio.
Johanni Browell, yoman ussher, 3 et 1 ultra.
Roberto Burges, valecto stabuli, 3 et 1 ultra. In
stipendio.
1 The figures denote the number of ells of cloth delivered to each person,
LIBERATURA SPECIALIS. 1 45
(126) Edwardo Swalwell, valecto Terrarii, 3 et 1 ultra.
Ricardo Person, valecto coco domini Prioris, 3.
Roberto Langforth, janitori, 3.
Johanni Salamond, provisori cator',* 3.
Nicholao Brown, barbour, 3.
Christofero Wrangham, valecto refectorii, 3.
Johanni Hudspeth, valecto parvae domus Bursarii,* 3 et 1
ultra.
Georgio Scot, pistori, 3.
Willielmo Sanderson, fabro, 3.
Johanni Wynter, pandoxatori, 3.
Johanni Champnay, carpentario, 3.
Henrico Brown, carpentario, 3.
Thomas Benet, valect sclater, 3.
Thomas Thomson, sawrer, 3.
Willielmo Pape, valect' carter, 3.
Willielmo Midilton, whelewright, 3.
Ballivo de Billingham, Georgio Davyson, 3.
Ballivo de Shells, Willielmo Sanderson, 3 et 1 ultra.
Quietus.
Ricardo Tyndall, catori apud Newburn raw, 3.
Roberto Whitehede, catori apud Sunderlande, 3.
Edwardo Smyth, catori apud Teas, 3.
Johanni Raket, forestario de Bearparke, 3.
Relictai Morlande, firmario(?) de Pitington, 3.
Johanni Cowper, cowper,* in officio, 3.
Johanni Xicholl, coco lardaria? carnium, 3.
Rauff Dicson, barngreiff* de Billingham, 3.
Georgio Davison, barngreiff de Wolveston, 3.
Valectis Officiariorum.
Sacristan, pro 5 valectis, 15 uln. et gratis }£.
Hostillario, 3 valectis, 9 uln. et ^/ gratis.
Cellerario, pro 1 valecto, 3 uln.
Elemosiniario, pro 2 valectis, 3^ uln. pro uno, et 3 uln.
pro alio.
Camerario, pro uno valecto, 3 uln., et 1 uln. ultra.
Johanni Florenc, 3 uln., ex precepto, quia non tunc
serviens, et 1 ultra. In stipendio.
Et Domino Priori, 6 uln.
10
i46 rites ov durham.
Gromi. *
Ric' Catlynson, gromo cameras, 3 uln., et j4 ultra.
Helias Kelsey, gromo popinas, 3 et ]/2 ultra.
(127) Thomas Foster, gromo aulas, 3 et 1 ultra.
Jacobo Foster, gromo stabuli, 3 et 1 ultra.
Johanni Cotysfurth, gromo bursarii, 3 et 1 ultra.
Johanni Wryght, gromo terrarii, 3 et y2 ultra.
Thomas Swalwell, 3, granario.
Ricardo Stobbs, 3, aledrawer.
Cuthberto Verty, 3, gromo coco.
Johanni Clerke, cater, 3.
Thomas Bowman, 3, ortulano.
Henry Bayle, 3, claustrario.
Willielmo Leigh, fyshake,* 3.
Willielmo Jacson, sethar,* 3.
Willielmo Robynson, cator, 3.
Roberto Busby, slawghterman, 3.
Johanni Dicson, bowter,* 3.
Edwardo Brown, bowter, 3.
Ricardo Pentland, maltster, 3.
Edmundo Elison, maltster, 3.
Edwardo Withan, mylner, 3.
Ricardo Batmanson, bagman,* 3.
Johanni Richardby, carter, 3.
Johanni Shoroton, carter, 3.
Antonio Thomson de Rille, 3.
Thomas Falderley, palesser* de Beaupark, 3.
Willielmo Moryson, waynman, 3.
Roberto Redeman, waynman, 3.
Roberto Sanderson, procuratori de Norham, 3.
Hostillatori, pro 3 gromis, 9 uln., et 3 uln. ultra scilicet
cuilibet 1 uln.
Sacristas, pro 5 gromis, 15 uln. et ^ gratis.
Elemosinario, pro uno gromo, 3 uln.
Camerario, pro uno gromo, 3 uln.
Communiario, pro uno gromo, 3 uln.
Cellerario, pro 2 gromis, in singyll clothe/
Apprenticio kervour, ex precepto Domini, 3 uln.
Apprenticio lathami,* ex precepto Domini, 3 uln.
LIBERATURA SPECIALIS. 147
Et venditae Thomas Kirkeman 3 uln. $s. in stipend.
Et Domino priori 6 uln.
DOMINO priori ut infra 6 uln. generos. 6 uln. valect. 6
uln. gromor.
Capt. hoc anno de pannario Dunelm. W°. Mildesley 3
pec. panni generosorum,* qiuelibet continens iS uln. Et
de eodem, pro magistro Scolarium et . . . . preste,* 8 uln.
de sad,* et pro Magistro Thomas Farn, commissario nostri
Archidiaconatus, (128) 4 uln. Summa 66 uln. viz. 2
cloths integr. et V\ ad 53^. <\d. £j 6s. 8d.
Item de valectis 6 pece ad 18 uln. continentes, 108 ma.
uln. viz. 4 cloths et % ad 46..V. Hd. ^"io 10s.
Item 10 pec. gromorum ad 18 uln.
Item 2 singill pece contin. 18 uln. dowbill.
Item 1 pec. panni stricti cont. 1 2 uln. singill excepto (qr. ?).
Et altera pecia stricti panni cont. 12 uln. singill excepto
qr. Summa gromorum 193 ma. uln. viz. 8 pece integr. Y/>
et % et 3 uln. ad 40^. £17 i$s.
Summa totalis ^35 iijt. Sd.
Et praeter pec. 11 uln. generos. de me ex panno meo
proprio.
Summa ulnarum 338 ma.
Ric. Bentley, 3.
Chr. Brown, 3.
Sand. Loksmyth sibi vend. 3.
Tho. Whitfelde, 6 uln. strict, et ultra.
Izj-H RITES OF DURHAM.
(129) VI. INDULGENTI/E.*
I. — Indulgencice concessce omnibus conferentibus de bonis
suis ad Fabricam Ecclesice Dunelmensis.
Univkrsis has literas inspecturis vel audituris, Thomas
Prior, et Conventus Dunelmensis Ecclesias, salutem in
Domino. Ouamvis ad opera misericordise diligenter in
hac vita seminanda Christiani populi, tarn ex Catholicae
fidei professione quam ex evangelica pariter et apostolica
exhortacione, teneantur astricti, ut, diem visitacionis
extremal pietatis operibus praeveniendo, aeternorum intuitu
prasmiorum seminare studeant in terris, quod, reddente
Domino, cum multiplicato fructu recolligere mereantur in
coelis ; volentes tamen fidelium populorum animos
spiritualibus beneficiis ac coelestibus promissis specialiter
incitare, ut ad fabricam Ecclesias nostras promovendam de
bonis sibi a Summo Largitore collatis largas cum de-
votione dextras extendant ; quod quidem opus esse pietatis
eximium et insigne cunctis per fissuras et fracturas ipsius
Ecclesias ex orientali sui parte prominentes, ac terribilem
ruinam minantes intuentibus veraciter apparet, numerosi-
tatem dierum quos quidem summus Pontifex ac quidam
Episcopi, tarn Anglias quam Scotiae, omnibus illis auctoritate
pontificali ex injunctasibi penitencia relaxaverunt, qui pias
elemosinas ad opus dictas Ecclesias erogare curaverint,
numerum quoque missarum ac psalteriorum, qua? viri
religiosi omnibus fabricam supradictas Ecclesias ex suis
elemosinis promovere volentibus, liberali magnificentia
concesserunt, ad universorum noticiam prassenti scripto
inserere decrevimus. Noverit igitur universitas vestra, a
Domino Papa xl dies, ab Archiepiscopo Ebor. XL dies, de
Hugone Episcopo Dunelm. lxxx dies, de Nicholao
Episcopo Dunelm. xl dies, ab Episcopo Karliolensi xl
dies, ab Episcopo Lincoln, xl dies, de Episcopo Gal-
wathiae* xl dies, de Episcopo Sancti Andreae xl dies, de
Episcopo Duncheldens. xl dies, de Episcopo Glascuens.
xxx dies, omnibus prasdictas ecclesias benefactoribus de
injuncta sibi pcenitencia misericorditer esse indultos. Et
est summa dierum cccc et xxxta dies.* Preterea noveritis
ab Abbate et Conventu Novi Monasterii DC missas et M
INDULGENCES. 14«>
psalteria, ab Abbate et Conventu de Alba Landa cc<
missaset ccc psalteria, a Prioreet Conventu Augustaldens. '
ax' missas et ccc psalteria, a Priore et Conventu de Brenke-
burn CCC missas (i,,o) cum omnibus psalteriis in ecclesia
sua dicendis, a Priore et Conventu de Tynemuth CCC missas
et cc psalteria, a Priore et Conventu de Coldingham cccc
missis et CCCC psalteria, a Priore et Conventu de Boulton
i. xxx missas, a Priore et Conventu de Pinchall cccc missas
et CCCC psalteria, a Priore et Fratribus de Insula CCC
missas et cc psalteria, a Fratribus de Banburgh c missas,
a Fratribus de Jarwe CCC missas, a Fratribus de Weremutb
CC missas, a Fratribus de Farn c missas et c psalteria, a
Priorissa et Conventu de Xesham ccc psalteria, a Priorissa
et Conventu de Lamelv ccc psalteria, a Priorissa et
Conventu de Berewieh LX missas & ccc psalteria, a
Priorissa et Conventu de Halistan lii missas et CCC
psalteria, a Priorissa et Conventu de Xovo Castro ccc
psalteria, cum ceteris bonis qua; in singulis ecclesiis
praenotatis fient privatim et publice, benefactoribus omnibus
praenominatis liberaliter esse concessa. Summa vero
psalteriorum IV. M. Xos autem, pra?ter missas supra-
scriptas, faeimus singulis diebus sex missas pro praedictis
benefactoribus in monasterio nostro celebrari. Et est
summa missarum VII™ ccc et xxxn. Et in hujus rei
testimonium sigillum nostrum praesentibus Uteris fecimus
apponi. (Before 1244.)
II. — H. Elyens.* conferentibus ad fabricam ix altarium
xi. dies per septem annos. Anno m.cc.xxxv.
OMNIBUS hoc scriptum visuris vel audituris, H., Dei gratia
Eliensis Episcopus, salutem in Domino. Inter pra?claros
Christi Confessores quorum praesentia corporalis Angllcanae
patrocinatur F2cclesia?, Beatus Cuthbertus non mediocre
sanctitatis pra.'conium dinoscitur optinere. Nee immerito
laudibus humanis attollitur, eujus mentis inlirmi sanitatis
gratiam consequuntur. Cujus caro carie carens et prorsus
integre perseverans, dormientem pot i us quam mortuum
repra^sentare videtur. Membra namque beati viri manere
penitus incorrupta, non solum \'enerabilis Bedae presbiteri
scriptura testatur, verum etiam probavit ipsius sanctissimi
I50 RITES OF DURHAM.
corporis translatio, sub hoc novissimo tempore celebrata.
Hie itaque thesaurus, super aurum et topazion preciosus,
apud Dunelmensem requiescit Ecclesiam, ubi supra
sacrum illius sepulchrum devocio veterum lapideas erexit
testudines, qua? jam nunc plenae fissuris et ritnis, dissolutio-
nem sui indicant imminere, adeoque propinquam minatur
ruinam, ut quicunque molem illam tarn suspecte pendentem
aspexerit veraciter dicere possit, quoniam terribilis et
tremendus est locus ille. Cum autem venerabilis frater
Dominus R. Dunelmensis Episcopus, tarn manifesto de-
siderans obviare periculo disponat, auxiliante (131) Domino,
apud orientalem supradictas Ecclesiam partem novum opus
extruere in quo ipsius sancti Confessoris corpus valeat
tutius pariter et honestius collocari, universitatem vestram
monemus et hortamur in Domino, ut ad prasfati operis
fabricam celerius consummandam de bonis vobis a Deo
collatis aliqua caritatis subsidia velitis misericorditer
erogare, quatenus per hasc et alia bona quae feceritis asterna
possistis gaudia promereri. Nos vero de Dei misericordia
et de gloriosas Virginis, necnon et Sancti Cuthberti
omniumque sanctorum meritis confidentes, omnibus qui
fabricae memoratag pias elemosinarum largitiones impen-
derint, seu prasdictum locum per hoc septennium proxime
futurum causa orationis adierint, et quorum Diocesani hanc
indulgentiam nostram ratam habuerint, si de peccatis suis
vero contriti fuerint et confessi, triginta dies de injuncta
sibi penitentia relaxamus. Data London, anno gratia^
Millesimo Ducentesimo tricesimo quinto. Septimo id.
Julii.
III. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa per
Clementem, permissione divina ecclesiam Dumblanensis
ministrum humilem, omnibus visitantibus Majus Altare in
ecclesia Dunelmensi per ipsum in honorem Sanctas Marias
semper virginis consecratum. Data apud Dunelm. die
consecrationis predicti Altaris, scilicet nonis Junii, pontifi-
catus anno xxx. In dorso 1240.
IV. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa per
Clementem, permissione divina ecclesias Dunblanensis
ministrum humilem, omnibus aliquid ad reparationem
INDULGENCES. I 5 '
fabrics Dunelmensis ecclesiae, quae horribilem rhinatur
ruinani, conferentibus. Data anno gratias 1 243, kaf.
Octobris.
V. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa per
Silvestrem, Dei gratia Karleolensem episcopum, omnibus
visitantibus &c. Data Dunelm., 16 kal. Junii, primo anno
pontificatus.
VI. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa per
Gilbertum, Candidas Casae* episcopum, omnibus visitan-
tibus Feretrum Sancti Cuthberti cum orationibus et donis.
Data Dunelm. vii. kal. Novembris 1248, pontificatus xiii°.
VII. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa per
Ricardum, episcopum Mannensem et Insularum. Data
apud Dunelm. primo anno pontificatus.
(132) VIII. INDULGENTIA quadraginta dierum concessa
per Gilbertum, Dei gratia Candida: Casae episcopum,
"omnibus qui ad aliquod de quinque Altaribus in fronte
Dunelmensis ecclesiae positis, quorum fecimus dedica-
tionem, causa devotionis advenerint. " Data die dedi-
cations dictorum Altarium, scilicet xvi. kal. Julii, 1253,
apud Dunelm.
IX. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa con-
ferentibus aliquid ad Feretrum Sancti Cuthberti per
Ricardum, Dei gratia episcopum Dunkeldensem. Data
apud Dunholm. 1254.
X. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa per
Albinum, permissione divina ecclesiae Brevnensis minis-
trum humilem, omnibus visitantibus Galileam, &c. Data
apud Dunelm., 1254.
XI. INDULGENTIA quadraginta dierum concessa per
Abel, Dei gratia episcopum Sancti Andrea4, omnibus
visitantibus Feretrum Sancti Cuthberti sive Galileam, cum
orationibus et donis. Data apud Dunelm. 4 non. Junii,
1254 primo anno pontificatus.
XII. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa per
Walterum, Dei gratia Norwicensem episcopum, omnibus
visitantibus Feretrum Sancti Cuthberti. Data Dunelm. vi.
id. Septcmbris, 1254. Pontificatus io°.
152 RITES OF DURHAM.
XIII. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa per
Walterum episcopum Dunelmensem, cum confirmatione
Indulgentia? Silvestris episcopi Karleolensis, Gilberti
episcopi Candida? Casa? data? 7 kal. Novembriis 1248, item
Indulgentia? quadraginta dierum ab eodem singulis diebus
in perpetuum ad quodlibet quinque Altarium in fronte
ecclesia? ab ipso consecratorum, anno 1253 — Thoma?
episcopi Egdunensis,* viginti dierum — Clementis episcopi
Dumblanensis, viginti dierum, anno 1253, kal. Maii —
Indulgentia? quadraginta dierum concessa? ab eodem eodem
anno, non. Junii, in consecratione majoris Altaris singulis
diebus in perpetuum — Ricardi Sodorensis, Mannensis, et
Insularum, quadraginta dierum — Abel episcopi Sancti An-
drea?, quadraginta dierum, 4 non. Junii, 1254 — Willielmi l
episcopi Norvicensis, quadraginta dierum, 6 id. Septembris,
1256 — Ricardi episcopi Dunkeldensis, quadraginta dierum,
crastino S. Lucia? virginis, 1254 — Roberti Rossensis,
quadraginta dierum — Willielmi episcopi Catanensis," quad-
raginta dierum — Ysaac episcopi Connorensis, quadraginta
dierum — Alani epis(i33)copi Ergadiensis,* quadraginta
dierum. Data apud Aukland 8 id. Aprilis, pontificatus
nostri anno septimo (1255).
XIV. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa per
Alanum, Dei gratia Ergadiensem episcopum, omnibus
visitantibus Feretrum Sancti Cuthberti sive Galileam.
Data apud Dunelm. 1255.
XV. Indulgentia Ysaac episcopi Conorensis de
quadraginta diebus concessa visitantibus Galileam sive
Feretrum Sancti Cuthberti Dunelm. Data apud Dunelm.
1255-
XVI. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa per
Robertum, Dei gratia Rosensem episcopum, xii. kal. Julii,
1255, pontificatus anno 6to, apud Dunelm.
XVII. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa per
Willielmum, Catanensis ecclesia? episcopum, omnibus
visitantibus Feretrum Sancti Cuthberti sive Galileam cum
donis et orationibus. Data apud Dunelm. 16 cal. Octobris,
1255, anno pontificatus 90.
■ Read "Walteri."
INDULGENCES. 153
XVIII. Indulgentia Albini, Dei gratia Breynensis
episcopi, concessa omnibus visitantibus quodlibet de
quinque Altaribus in fronte ecclesiae Dunelmensis.
Data apud Dunelm., 4 non. Marti i, 1256.
XIX. WlLLIELMUS, Dei gratia Connorensis episcopus,
concedit quadraginta dies Indulgence. Data apud
Dunelm. 1258. Pontificatus anno secundo.
XX. Indulgentia viginti dierum ad fabrieam sive
reparationem ecclesiae Dunelmensis eoncessa per Williel-
mum episcopum Glasguensem. Data apud Alnecrumb,*
kal. Oetobris, 1258.
XXI. INDULGENTIA quadraginta dierum concessa per
Henrieum, Dei gratia Candida; Casae episeopum, omnibus
visitantibus, &c. Data Dunelm., die Sancti Leonardi,
1259-
XXII. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa per
Augustinum, miseracione divina Laudocensem* episcopum,
omnibus visitantibus Feretrum Sancti Cuthberti. Data
apud Dunelm. xv. kal. Decembris, 1259.
XXIII. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa per
(134) G., Archicpiscopum* Eboracensem, omnibus visitan-
tibus Feretrum Sancti Cuthberti sive Galileam, et con-
ferentibus, &c. Data Dunelm. xv. kal. Decembris, 1259,
pontificatus anno 20.
XXIV. Indulgentia triginta dierum concessa per
Robertum, Dei gratia Dumblenensem episcopum. Data
Dunelm. pridie id. Septembris, 1260.
XXV. INDULGENTIA viginti dierum concessa per Hen-
rieum, miseracione divina Londoniensem episcopum. Data
London, 1260.
XXVI. INDULGENTIA viginti dierum concessa per
Rogerum, Dei gratia Conventrensem et Liehefeldenseni
episcopum. Data apud Oxon. 4 id. Martii, sexto anno
pontificatus.
XXVII. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa
per Hugonem Elyensem episcopum. Data London, 3
kal. Martii, octavo anno pontificatus.
154 KITES OF DURHAM.
XXVIII. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa
per Archibaldum, miseratione divina Moraviensem epis-
copum, "omnibus visitantibus Feretrum Venerabilis Bedas,
presbiteri et doctoris egregii, cujus venerandas reliquas in
majori ecclesia Dunelmensi sunt reconditas." Data
Dunelm. vi. kal. Aprilis, 1268.
XXIX. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa per
fratrem Carbricum, miseratione divina episcopum Rathbo-
tensem," dummodo loci dyocesanus hanc indulgentiam
ratam habuerit. Data Dunelm. 1273.
XXX. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa per
Petrum, Dei gratia Archadienserrf episcopum, omnibus
visitantibus Feretrum Sancti Cuthberti cum donis, &c.
Data apud Dunelm. septimo kal. Januarii, 1273.
XXXI. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa per
Henricum, Dei gratia Candidas Casae episcopum, "omnibus
qui ad aliquod de duobus Altaribus in fronte Dunelmensis
ecclesias in parte australi positis, quorum fecimus dedi-
cationem, causa devotionis advenerint, quorum unum
dedicatum est in honorem Sancti Johannis Baptistas et
Sanctas Margaretas virginis et martyris, et aliud in
honorem Sancti Andreas et Sanctas Marias Magdalenas."
Data die dedications dictorum Altarium, scilicet, (135)
vii. kal. Januarii, anno Domini M.CC. LXX quarto, apud
Dunelm.
XXXII. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa
per Robertum, Dei gratia Dunelmensem episcopum, cum
confirmatione Indulgentiarum predecessorum suorum.
Data apud Myddelham xiii. kal. Martii, pontificatus anno
primo.
XXXIII. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa
per Walterum, permissione divina Rofensem episcopum,
omnibus aliquid de bonis suis ad reparationem novas
fabrics Dunelmensis ecclesias celerius consummandam
conferentibus ; " prassentibus usque ad prasdictas fabricas
inchoatas perfectionem valituris." Data apud Dunelm.
xii. kal. Septembris, 1277.
[NDULGENCES. 155
XXXIY. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa
per eundem episcopum omnibus visitantibus Feretrum
Sancti Cuthberti. Data eodem die.
XXXV, [ndulgentla quadraginta dierum concessa
per Willielmum, Dei gratia episcopum Sancti Andreae in
Scocia. Data apud Dunelm. pridie idus Octobris, 1277.
XXXYI. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum per Wil-
lielmum, permissione divina Norwicensem episcopum,
omnibus conferentibus aliquid de bonis suis ad repara-
cionem novae fabricae Dunelmensis ecclesia?. Data apud
Dunelm. nonis Martii, 1 2 7 <S .
XXXYI I. INDULGENTIA quadraginta dierum concessa
per Robertum, Dei gratia Batoniensis ecclesiae episcopum,
omnibus visitantibus Feretrum Sancti Cuthberti cum
orationibus et donis. Data apud Dunelm. xvi. kal.
Octobris, 1 280.
XXX VI II. INDULGENTIA quadraginta dierum concessa
per Pet rum, Dei gratia Conerensis ecclesia; episcopum,
omnibus visitantibus Feretrum Sancti Cuthberti. Data
apud Dunelm. kal. Mar. 1280.
XXXIX. INDULGENTIA quadraginta dierum concessa
per Willielmum, Dei gratia Dunkeldensem episcopum,
omnibus visitantibus Feretrum Sancti Cuthberti et aliquid
conferentibus. Data apud Dunelm. xv. kal. Junii, 1285.
XL. INDULGENTIA quadraginta dierum concessa per
Willielmum, Dei gratia Brheyensem episcopum, omnibus,
&c. Data apud Dunelm. 17 kal. Septembris, 1286.
(136) XLI. INDULGENTIA quadraginta dierum concessa
per Thomam, Dei gratia Candida.1 Casas ecclesiae episcopum,
omnibus visitantibus Feretrum Sancti Cuthberti. Data
Dunelm. nonis Septembris, 1302.
XLII. Indulgentia ejusdem episcopi visitantibus
A hare Sanctae Crucis, s.a.
XLI 1 1. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa per
Willielmum (Lamberton), episcopum Sancti Andreas,
omnibus visitantibus Altare Sanctae Crucis de novo con-
I56 RITES OF DURHAM.
structum in ecclesia Dunelm. Data apud Dunelm. 7 kal.
Maii septimo anno pontificatus.
XLIV. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa per
Robertum Elyensem episcopum. Data apud Novum
Castrum super Tynam, 3 non. Octobris, 1306, consecra-
tionis quarto.
XLV. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa per
fratrem Andream, permissione divina Ergadyensem epis-
copum, omnibus visitantibus Altare Sanctas Crucis in
ecclesia Dunelmensi. Data Dunelm. xiii. kal. Decembris,
1310, pontificatus anno 130.
XLVI. Alia ejusdem episcopi, eodem anno.
XLVII. Antonius Patriarcha visitantibus feretrum vel
reliquias xl d. Item idem Antonius Dunelm. xl d.
^°.M°.ccc decimo.
Universis Sanctas Matris Ecclesia? filiis pra?sentes
litteras inspecturis, Antonius, permissione divina sanctas
Jerosolimitana? Ecclesia; Patriarcha et Episcopus Dunol-
mens., salutem in eo qui pro redempcione humani generis
Jerosolimis voluit crucifigi. Gratum Deo impendere
credimus obsequium, ipsumque Creatorem et Dominum
omnium prascipue veneramur, dum sanctos suos devotas
Christianorum memoriae recommendamus, eoque pras-
stantius quo per allectiva indulgenciarum et remissionum
munera ad orationis devocionem et elemosinarum
largicionem animos fidelium excitamus. De Dei igitur
omnipotentis misericordia, gloriosas virginis Maria? matris
ejus, sanctorum apostolorum Petri et Pauli, et beatissimi
Cuthberti Confessoris omniumque sanctorum meritis et
precibus confidentes ; omnibus Christi fidelibus de peccatis
suis vere poenitentibus et confessis, qui causa devocionis et
oracionis ad Cathedralem Ecclesiam nostram Dunol-
mensem accesserint, et Feretrum beatissimi Cuthberti
Confessoris aliasque Reliquias ibidem in quacumque parte
dicta? (137) Ecclesias existentes visitaverint, seu de bonis
sibi a Deo collatis aliquid eidem Ecclesia? offerendo, seu
alio modo largiendo caritative contulerint, quadraginta dies
INDULGENCES. 1 57
auctoritate nostra Patriarchali ot rursum quadraginta dies
jure nostra Episcopali de injuncta sibi poenitencia miser i-
corditer in Domino relaxamus. Ratificantes insuper per
praesentes omnes [ndulgencias a confratribus nostris
Archiepiscopis et Episcopis quibuscumque ex causis
praemissis concessas et imposterum concedandas. In cujus
rei testimonium sigillum nostrum praesentibus est appen-
sum. Data apud Kltham, Roffens' Dioces', quinto die
mensis Junij. Anno Domini millesimo trecentesimo
deeimo, Patriarchatus nostri quinto, et Consecracionis
notrae vicesimo septimo.1
XLVIII. INDULGENTIA quadraginta dierum concessa
per Willielmum, archiepiscopum Eboracensem, omnibus
visitantibus Reliquias ecclesia? Dunelmensis. Data
Dunelm. 4 non. Maii, 131 1, pontificatus sexto.
XLIX. INDULGENTIA quadraginta dierum concessa per
Willielmum, Archiepiscopum Eboracensem, omnibus
visitantibus Feretrum Sancti Cuthberti et aliquid de bonis
suis conferentibus. Data Dunelm. iv. non. Maii, 1311,
pontificatus vit0.
L. INDULGENTIA quadraginta dierum concessa per
Johannem, episcopum Conerensem, omnibus visitantibus
Feretrum Sancti Cuthberti vel locum Reliquiarum cum
donis. 3 id. Aprilis, 1319, pontificatus anno 250.
LI. INDULGENTIA quadraginta dierum concessa per
Johannem, Dei gratia Karliolensem episcopum. Data
apud manerium nostrum de Bello Loco, xvi. kal. Novem-
bris, 1333, et consecrationis secundo.
LI I. INDULGENTIA Ricardi, Dunelmensis episcopi,
conferentibus ad fabricam Ecclesia? vel ad Feretrum Sancti
Cuthberti cum ratificatione omnium Indulgentiarum pra?-
cedentium.
UNIVERSIS — Ricardus, permissione divina episcopus
Dunelmensis, salutem — Cum, ad promerenda sempiterna
gaudia Sanctorum, sint nobis suffragia plurimum oppor-
tuna, loca Sanctorum omnium pia sunt devotione fidelium
1 Se.il engraved in Surtees's History of Durham, — Seals, plate v, No. 1.
I. Vs RITES OF DURHAM.
veneranda ; ut, dum Dei veneramur amicos, ipsi nos
amicabiles Deo reddant, et illorum quodammodo vendi-
cando patrocinium apud Deum, (138) quod merita nostra
non obtinent eorum mereamur intercessionibus obtinere.
Cupientes, igitur, ut ecclesia Dunelmensis, in qua venera-
bilis patris nostri Cuthberti incorruptum corpus honorifice
collocatur, congruis honoribus et crebris populorum
accessibus frequentetur, omnibus vere pcenitentibus quad-
raginta dies, &c. Data Dunelm. 7 Junii, 1334, pontificatus
primo.
LI 1 1. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa per
Willielmum, Archiepiscopum Eboracensem, omnibus visi-
tantibus locum Reliquiarum in ecclesia Sancti Cuthberti
Dunelm. Data Dunelm. nonis Junii, 1334, pontificatus
xvijo.
LIV. Indulgentia quinquaginta dierum concessa per
Johannem, Archiepiscopum Cantuariensem, omnibus visi-
tantibus Reliquias ecclesiae Dunelmensis. Data Novi
Castri super Tynam x. kal. Januarii, 1335, translations 20.
LV. Indulgentia triginta dierum concessa per Tho-
mam, Dei gratia Enhegdunensem* episcopum. Data
Dunelm. 4 non Aprilis.
LVI. Indulgentia quadraginta dierum concessa per
Rogerum, episcopum Rossensem, omnibus visitantibus
Altare Sancta? Crucis in ecclesia cathedrali Dunelmensi
de novo constructum. Data Dunelm. 13 . ., consecra-
tionis 4to.
159
VII. Notes on Prbbendal Houses.
I.MS, formerly in possession of Archdeacon Bland, now, 1902, of Dr. Farrar).
Prebendal Houses.
Stall 1. Was the Exchequer of the Chamberlain of the
Monastery. Built . . . ?
Partly rebuilt by I> J. Bowes 171 2 — 1721. Egerton
arms 1 7 7 1 , etc. Must have been rebuilt or substantially
repaired in that Bp's time. Altered by M1 Gisborne, the
Hall and Study being interchanged.
2. Built by Dr Jos. Naylor, about 1662. N.B. — He
wrote a Supp. to Life of Bp. Morton by Rd. Baddely, the
Bp's Secretary. Altered — ?
Attic Story added by D1 Philpotts?
3. Was the Guest Hall of the Monastery. See Daw,
p. 105. l Built — ? Much improved by D1 James Finney,
Rector of Long Newton and of Ryton, 1694 — 1726. Re-
built by Dr. Prosser, 1808?
4. The Guest Hall in part. Improved by Preb>' Ph.
Falle, 1699 — 1742. Large Repairs by Archd. Thorpe,
1 8 29 — 1830.
5. Built — ? Improved by D1 J. Bowes, 1696 — 1712.
The present Dining Room was the "Loft" or ordinary
Dining Room of the Convent. The Drawing Room by
Mr. Bouyer.
6. This was the Refectory of the Almery Children
during the Monastery ; and it was altered at the Dissolu-
tion into a Dwelling House by Stephen Marley, the 1st
Prebv of the 6th Stall, 1541 — 1572.
Partly rebuilt by Rd. Wrench, 1660 — 1675, being much
ruined in the Rebellion. See Hut. (II), p. 191. 2
7. The Granary, made a Dw. House by Rob1 Darley,
the Ist Preb. of this Stall. His arms were cut in the Hall
Window next the Garden and R. D. relieved upon a Stone
on the W. side of the Window, within, where it remained
in 1758 (Sharp's MS.).
1 Should bo Hunter, 105; or, Da v., 139.
2 Hutchinson, II, 191, note.
l6o RITES OF DURHAM.
It was rebuilt by Preb. L. Pilkington, 1567 — 1592.
Altered, rep(1, and much improved by Dr. John Smith
(the Editor of Bede's Works) 1695 — 17 15. Altered and
improved by H. Douglas in 1838.1
8. Was a Garner or Corn House temp. Monasterii.
Built — . Rebuilt from the Ground by Dr Rd Gray,
1 660 — 1 704.
9. Built by — ? New Built by Preb. Sancroft (postea
Archb. Cant.) in 1674. Dr H. Bagshaw added a new
apartment, 1681 — 1709. Drawing Room (as a Music
Room) by Dr Sharp, 1768 — 1791.
10. Built by — ? Part of it built anew by Dr Fitzherbert
Adams, 1695 — 171 1. He laid out ^2000 — ? Added to by
Dr. Hartwell, 171 1 — 1725. Altered by Dr. Haggitt,
1 809 ?
11. Built — ? Much improved by D1 Theo. Pickering,
1699 — 1710, who made the Gardens and Fountains.
Almost rebuilt by Ld. B(arrington) about 1802.
12. Built — ? Rebuilt by Wm. James, 1620 — 1659.
Do. Jno. Morton, 1685 — 1723. Almost entirely by Hon.
Anch. Grey, circ. 181 2.
" Altered," etc., in another hand.
i6i
VIII. Mickleton's additions to Da vies. 1691.
I.MS. Gough, Durham, 12. Bodleian Library),
J. Davies's Cathedral of Durham, London, 1672,
interleaved.
The additions and Emendations hereafter inserted, were MS. Gough,
transcribed from a book of James Mickletons of Grays Inn, Durhami '-'•
Esq. grandson of the person to whom the printed book is
dedicated/ and who was unfortunately drowned at Arundell
Stairs the 23d of November, 17 19: but they were not of
his own handwriting, and seemed to be transcribed, by the
Corrections made in severall places, from some other Copy.
They were wrote originally in ye year 1691 as appears from
the Catalogue of the Organists inserted over against p. 28.
Mr. Mickleton's book is now in my Lord Harleys
Library.
R. Gale/
First written, in the year of our Lord 1593. v. p. 49. 'v.
p. 47. It was onely ye Memorial beginning p. 37. 1 but A.
Wood p. 904. T. 1 1. of his Athenae Oxon. says it was first
written in 1597, and gives this Character of it from a bishop
that he do's name not.*
Liber hie omni no Apocryphus, fiva-apas et Legendae
putidae plurimum, veras Historian (praxi et cultu Mona-
chorum superstitioso exceptis) parum habet : adeo ut
mirari subit inscitiam ejus qui edidit, et negligentiam
(veritati et Ecclesia? Anglicana; damnosam) qui pra^lo misit.
R.G.
L'Ardoise, is properly slate. R. G.
Note that Hugo Derlington* ye 14th Prior of Durham
did in the reign of K. Hcnrv 3d cause to be made great
Organs for his Church of Durham.
The names of some of the Organists of this Cathedrall
Church of Durham.
John Brimleis* in the beginning of Queen Elisabeth's
reign, dyed Octob. 13th 1576, and lyeth buryed in the
Consistory, or St. Marys Galilee, at the West end of this
' — ' In another handwriting.
I I
162 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Gough, Church under a Marble stone, on which in brasse was
2* engraven [his image] the which was taken away in ye
troublesome times ; but here is his Epitaph still to be seen.
William Brown" an excellent Master of Musick, a severe
man, but taught severall persons Musick ; among others
Mr. Edward Smith* who succeeded him in ye Organists
place.
Edward Smith who was buryed in this Church Febr. the
4th 161 1. Reg. Jacob. 90.
After his death one William Smith ye Elder (there were
two of this name, but nothing of kin) did sometimes
officiate.
Next to Mr. Edward Smith succeeded one [blank]
Dodson,1 who served about a year and a half as Organist.
Richard Hutchinson* the famous Organist dyed on
Sunday June ye 7th 1646. but for him there did sometime
officiate the other William Smith.
John Forster,' who came in at Christmas 1660, and dyed
20th of April, 1677, whose widow was married to Alexander
Shaw" the younger, the 29th of Novemb. after, i.e., 1677.
The said Alexander Shaw after ye death of the said John
Forster came in to be Organist, to wit in the latter end of
April 1677, and went out at Christmasse 1681.
William Grigg* that came from York, & came in on
Christmasse Eve 1681, & then officiated, and is now anno
1691 alive, & the Dean and Chapters Organist.
The third pair of Organs* were called the White Organs,
they were placed on ye South side of the Quire towards ye
Vestry house, and were most, and indeed dayly, used at
ordinary service, in the times of Queen Elisabeth and
K. James I. The said two Organs, to wit those on the
North side, and the great one in the Middle over the Quire
door, were taken down in Dean Hunts time, about ann:
1620 when another great Organ was made,* and was
finished in the latter end of anno 1621, & placed over the
1 So in MS. ; "quidani Dodshon," Mickleton MS., 32, 557'.
MICKLETON'S ADDITIONS TO DAVIES. 163
Quire door. And the said White Organs stood untaken MS.Gough,
down, and James Smart hoard them played on an" 1635
and 1636, and the cases o\ the said White Organ, and allso
of the great Organ remained in the Church till 1641/
Note that the Scotts came into England in September
1640, and there staid untill the 20th of August 1641, at
which time they went away ; but in the interim to wit on
Midsummer day 1(141, which fell out that year to be upon
Corpus Christi day and not till then did they use any
Violence or harm to the Organs in this Church ; but then
they fell on and broke them, and tore up all the great
Keys of v great Organs, which had been finished and
sett up at the latter end of the said year 1621. and the said
Midsummer day they pulled down and destroyed the old
Font, wch stood betwixt the next 2 pillars to the Quire
ward on the South side of the Church, but to prevent
further mischief to the Organs, Lievtenant Colonel Bruce,
who was quartered in the North Bayly in Durham at
Mr. Robert Cowpers, where now Mr. William Shereman
liveth, being applved unto, he for the present put them off,
and then one Mr. George Blades, who was, or had been
Steward to Dean Balcanquall,* went to Gateside to certifye
the premisses, and advise with ye Generall of the Scotch
army, who advised Mr. Blades to take ye pipes out ; and
at night they did so, and took them all down in the night
time to save them, but afterwards the said two Cases, to
witt, that of the White Organ, and that of ye Great Organ,
being standing in y Church ye 11th of September 1650
the Scotch prisoners taken at the fight of Dunbar, which
was on the 3d of v said month, to the number of 4500 or
thereabouts, being brought to Durham, and put into the
Cathedrall, wth was now made a prison to keep them in, .
thev the said prisoners did burn all the said two cases, and
all the seats and Wainscott and all the Wood they could
find in the Cathedrall Church aforesaid.
The next Organs that were brought into the Church
were in Bishop Cosins's time, to witt a pair of little Organs
that cost towards 80 pound, that came from London, &
placed on the South side in a little loft towards the Vestry :
164 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Gongh, which loft was made fitt for them, and they were set up in
' ye sfl loft in June & July 1661, and then were tuned by
Mr. John Nichols and James Smart.
There were a pair of great Organs for wch a bargain was
made bv Dean Barwick: they were begun in his time, and
after finished in Dean Sudbury's time against Christmasse
1662, but were not played on on Christmasse day, but the
said little Organs were played on ; at which Dean Sudbury
was angry, but after on St. Stephens Day the said Great
Organs were first played on by Mr. John Forster Organist,
& so continued to be played on.
And after that a new pair of Organs were agreed for in
August 1683 with Bernard Smith* of London, and were
set up and finished in August 1686.
Opposite In this North Alley were the ancient Song Schools," in
P- 33- a building- through the Church North wall into ve Church-
yard northward, in which Song School building there
was a Window looking Eastward, and another Northward.
Richard Hutchinson the Organist was last Master hereof,
the said long School building was pulled down the latter
end of ye year 1633, or ye beginning of 1634.
At the East end of the churchyard there was a house
and little garden, in which house Nicholas Shuffield1 a
Singing man of this Church, Counter Tenor, tho by trade
a Joyner, did live, dyed, and was buryed in the churchyard
under a stone, which with the Epitaph upon it, is yett to
be seen.* Afterwards Thomas Tyler lived in the said house.
He sung the Bassus part, he there dyed, & was buryed
Apr. 27th 1627. After him Walter Meynill, a Clerk in the
Registers Office of the bishop (which after was Mr.
Newhouses Office, and now is Mr. Gabriel Newhouses
Office) lived, & dyed in it the 19th of Jan. and was buryed
the day after vzl the 30th of Jan. 1640, these 3 one after
another marryed ye same woman, to wit, Anne who was
first wife and then Widdow to ye said Nicholas Shuffield
whose Virgin name was Teasdale.
Read " Sheffield.
mickleton's additions TO DAVIES. l<).S
There was a stone wall that went from this outshot MS. Gough,
... . r . .TT. . i'ii r i Durham, la
Northward of the Window, that inclosed part or the
Churchyard, and the said Song school, in which wall or
inclosure there was a door to go out and in to the said
house and garden, but there was no door out o( the Song
School into the Churchyard, or this Inclosure ; The wall
or inclosure was pulled down in K. Charles ye 2lU time,
and the said house, in which these 3 lived, was pulled
down An° 1686, and the ground upon which it stood layd
open with the rest of the Churchyard.
This book must have been wrote much later than 1 593 Opp. p. 47.
as Mr. Mickleton has said it was in the title page, unlesse
this account of the breaking down Nevills Crosse in 1639
has been an Addition of the editor John Davies/ R.G.
1 It was onely this memorial beginning p. 37. yl was
collected in 1593* and the abovementiond-addition must
have been made to it by yc Editor.1
The four Bells that hung in the Gallilee Steeple, were Opp. p. 66.
first, the Great or Gallilee Bell, which was given by Prior
Fosser.* 2. St. Bedes bell. 3. St. Oswalds bell. 4. a
Long bell, which was a narrow skirted but well tuned bell,
and was the last Bell that was left in the Gallilee Steeple
untaken down. But in Febr. 163^8* it was taken down, the
other bells having been taken down ye January before.
The Galilee bell being to be hung in yc Steeple or
Belfrey in the Lantern of the Church, (which Belfrey was
supposed to be built by Bp. Skirlaw, who mostly built ye
Clovsters, and whose Coat of Armes in severall times in
every of the Cioysters sett & painted in the middle beams,
or {blank) in each of the said cioysters, tho others say that
Hugh Derlington* 14th prior of Durham made the great
Belfrey) it, vzt. the Gallilee bell was designed to be chipt
into tune, but by chipping it was made so thin that it was
not thought serviceable, so that one Thomas Bartle a
plummer cast that Galilee bell over again, and the said
last standing bell i.e. the long bell was broke into pieces,
and the half oi her among other things was put into
' In another h.itulwnt m
l66 RITES OF DURHAM.
MS. Gough, Galilee bell to be cast over again and the other half of ye
"' said long Bell was put into other bells which were cast.
There were 4 bells in all that were cast in the Guest Hall,
one of St. Michael, and the said Gallilee Bell, St.
Oswalds, and St. Bedes. At Candlemasse after Thomas
Bartle had cast the said bells, he dyed, and was buryed in
the Cathedrall Churchyard, and the said Gallilee bell was
rung out for him, and so the other bells. That of St.
Bede hangs now in the Steeple or Lantern of the Church
towards the East part there, t'is called the Fifth and is
circumscribed thus
Olim Campana Boni Bedse Decanus et Capitulum
Dunelm. refecerunt a.u. 1665.
p. 68. The Galilee bell hangs there towards the West and is
called The Seventh Bell
Olim Campana D.D. Joh. Fosser et Joh. Hemming1
Prior Dunelm. vulgo Galilea quam refecerunt Decanus
et Capitulum Dunelm. a.d. mdcxxxii.
Master of The Church coat of Armes upon it. Note that Dr. Spark"
Hospitall. suffragan bishop to bishop Tunstall caused these bells to
be carryed out of the Gallilee Belfrey, which otherwise
would have been broken and sold, and placed them in the
great Belfrey of the Cathedrall. v. p. 67. 68.*
The said Galilee bell which Bartle cast, is the great bell
now hanging in the Lanterne, whose tongue was broke,
ringing for William Willson, Sunday Nov. 30th 1690 the
day his body was found and buryed.
That of St. Michael hangs to yu North, & is called the
4th Bell, it is circumscribed
Olim Campana Sli Michaelis a.d. mdcxxxii Decanus
et Capitulu refecerunt.
with the Churches coat of Armes upon it.
That of Sl Oswald hangs to the South it was crackt
ringing the Peel at the buryall of John Harrison Clerk of
the Bow Church the 25th of May 1638, and after it was
cast ye 25th of September 1639, by one Robert Oldfield
who came out of Lancashire,' and he mistook in the
' John Hemyngburgh, 1391 — 1416.
mickleton's additions to DAVIES. i<>7
casting it, wanting mettle enough, and so cast it over 5*s. Gougb,
L. . . i i r i i I ^ll ll.im, I.',
again Novb. ye 3d 1639. and then afterwards was new and
badly cast in the Bow church in Decbr 1OK2, and recast
again in March after bv the selfsame person, to witt John
Pattison, who was a Taylor, and son of Christofer Pattison.
There was another |ohn Pattison who alter lie had been
Major of Durham, became Submaster of the plain Song &
writing School under Mark Leonard the Master thereof,
there was writt about St. Oswallds bell
Olim Campana Sli Oswaldi, quam fieri fecit Robertus
de Dunelm. Decanus et Capitulum refecerunt A. D'ni.
1632, atque iterum 1639. et tertio 1682.
The churches Coat of Armes is upon it.
The Third bell i.e. yL' six a clock bell hangs
it is circumscribed
Olim Campana Stj Benedicti, quam fieri fecerunt Decanus
et Capit. Dunelm. A° 1664.
The second bell hangs ' has a Coat of Armes
upon it, to witt quarterly 3 Lyons, & 3 fl. de Lys, circum-
scribed thus in Saxon letters
Xomen Domini sit Benedictum.
The first, to wit, the least bell hangs
and is commonlv calld St. Margarettes bell.
(Galilee) Now called the Bishops Consistory. P- 73-
(same work but) tljat at the North door as bigg again as p. 101.
the other.
Unguis Griffonica* in Bibliotheca Cotton, olim Dunel- p. no.
mensis Ecclesia? peculium.
The Roman Catholicks say he was not buried in the p- '°°.
same place where his shrine stood, but keep it a secrett j^ote
among themselves where his body now Ives, however, '733-
I had it from Dr Hunter, one verv inquisitive into these
things, and who was informed so by some o( his popish
acquaintance, that while the Visitors expected the return
of thcyr Messenger w,h the kings commands from London,
some of the Monks found means to steal the Body out of
the Revestry, and buried it at the foot of the Stairs marked
' Blank space in MS.
l6S RITES OF DURHAM.
R. Gale's U1 in the corner of the South transept of the church near
' the Clock : That they buryed it within the Staircase to
prevent its being- discovered by the breaking up of the
pavement : That he once surprised a Lady at her devotions
turning herself that way, who after confest to him that the
Saint reposed thereabouts, tho' she could not exactly tell
the spott where, that secrett being onely entrusted to two
monks at a time, and when either of them died the Survivor
imparted it to another, in order to perpetuate the tradition.
R.G. 1733.
See tin- [chnography of the church pretixt to this book. U.
i6q
IX. MS. Notes in the Editor's Copy of Hunter's
EDITION OF 1733.
(Written about 1 77<>)-
On back of title.
Hail, happy Durham, art and Nature's care
Where Faith and truth in Noblest height appeare
Unequal Were as by her Walls it runs —
Looks up and wails with tears her ruind Sons —
Whom She gave Life and now their Death doth mourn
And ever weeps o'er Beda's Sacred urn —
Camb : Brittannia —
Voll. 2<i.
p. 27 (Ch. XIII).
Chamber over the West end of the Revestry] Now the Boys
Room.
(Probably the Choristers' vestry).
p. 69 (Ch. XXIII).
the Parlour) This Parlour is now Boulby's Register Office.
p. 73. (Ch. XXVI).
Pliilippius Pp/seopus] N. This Phillip dying under the
Popes displeasure is supposed to have been buried
in the Church Yard near the North door and the
statue vulgarly called Hobby Pellel is very probably
his Effigie.*
p. 77 (Ch. XXIX).
Dean Whittingham] a Rank Whigg.
p. 87 (Ch. XXXIII).
the Parlour Door] Now the Register Office.
Dean Home] A Great Villian. This same Dean Home,
Stole the Money from his breth'en at Geneva: and
ran away with it at the Reformation.
Dean 1 1 Thittingham | A Great Villain of the Geneva Gang.
p. 89 (Ch. XXXVI).
The East Allev\ Arms remain'g in the East Alley of
Cloysters in 1776. Skirlaw Neville Dacres Dud-
ley E. of North'1. Vere & many shields Obliterated.
170 RITES OF DURHAM.
p. 92 (Ch. XXXVIII).
Tobias Mathew] Not much better than his predecessors
Home & Whittingham.
Frater house] Now the Dean & Chap'. Library.
p. 99 (Ch. XLII, Hunter's addition, see note).
the Song-school] Old Song School— now morn'g prayr
chapp1.
p. 102 (Ch. XLIV).
Rev. Jonathan Hall, D.D.] Doct1 Fothergill now. {Dy
Fothergill was installed 27 May, 1775).
p. 104 (Ch. XLVI).
The Infirmary] The Infirmary is now a part of Mr Rob-
son's house.
p. 107 (Ch. XLVIII).
a little Vault] Now a part of the Dean's Kitchen.
p. no(Ch. LV).
the Litigate] Now Bow Lane.
The Sacrist's Exchequer] Door now walld up.
p. 142 (Desc. of Windows, S. Alley of Quire).
the Arms of . . . our Lady] Azure a heart Gu : 2 Wings
Or. sword prop. {Sketch) I take this to be the Arms
of Our lady as simply called. (In a later hand)
What stuff is this.
171
X. P'tinecia ad altare s'ci Job. baptiste & sancte
Margarete ad ix altare i eccl'ia cath. Duelm.
(MS. Harl. 5289).
In pmis vnu missale ex dono Joh. poris.
+ It' ij vreeoli argentei «S: deaurati (+ delib at d'no
deca° p vno Calic. COpo) (dos decani
It' j paxbrede* argent' c\: deaurat' a" au" m
t . • - I o j 1 alios vs )
It j pua capana argent ec deaurat
It' j vestimetu eu alba &c ptinec' de rubeo velueto & le
orfrC de nigra velueto eu noib3 Ihu & marie eoroat(' instf
It' j vest' de blodio serieo eu 01b? ptin' de eod' eolore.
{I)i margin) cart 2 vest' q* delib. Dn° deeau 2^ noveb. A° MrWhithed
, ' ' do decan
do1 1 =S45- ... -, ,
u ~^ s bt axit dun
It' j vest' de rubeo serieo cu arborib' intextf & e. ptin' vestimeta hie
ei^d. colons 24novebis
1545 el dedit
It' j vest' de albo serieo cu oib^ alijs ptin' e*M. coloris aiijs aitarib0
It' i vest' de viridi serieo cu albis & rubijs canib? & gallis ^or;i ' °„
mteXtt. mltis alijs.
It' j alt cloth duplic' cu frontello de colore cv ope px'
pd'eis
It' j alt cloth duplic' cu frontello de velueto dillsor'
color'
It' j candelabra de latone p cereo ponendo
It' j candelabru de laton p yeme
-f It' j pixis de ligno p pane suando
172 RITES OF DURHAM.
XI. Extracts from a Durham Missal written in
the fourteenth century. (British Museum, Harl.
5289. )'
[In die Purification^.]
Hail. MS. /// die purificacionis beate marie si dies dominica fuerit
t'l/jSor m&sa matutinali cantata benedicatur aqua. Et si epis-
copus presens fuerit non aspergatur ante terciam. dicatur
oracio : Exaudi nos. post oracionem dicatur. Deus in
ad iu tori urn et eat statim sacerdos cum portitore crucis per
officina sicut mos est in dominicis diebus : Redeunte
sacerdote cum ministris canant cum aliis terciam : ueniente
episcopo aspergatur aqua benedicta. post aspersionem aqua
benedicantur candele : Si festum purificacionis infra \lxx.\
contigerit dicta tercia : ponatur ante altare tapetum. et
fo. 481. pojnantur candele et benedicantur ab episcopo uel priore :
cum capa. uel a sacerdote albis (sic) et stola tantum induto.
Denedic domine ihesu christe hanc creaturam cere
supplicacionibus nostris. et infunde ei per uirtutem sancte
crucis bene>J<diccionem celestem : ut qui earn ad repellen-
das tenebras humano generi tribuisti talem signaculo crucis
tue fortitudinem et bene>J<diccionem accipiat. ut in
quibuscumque locis accensa. siue posita fuerit. discedat
diabolus et contremiscat. et fugiat pallidus cum omnibus
ministris suis de habitacionibus i I lis : nee presumat
amplius inquietare uel inludere seruientibus deo.2 Proinde
supplices quesumus te domine ut emittas sanctum angelum
tuum Raphaelem qui euulsit et reppulit a sara et tobia
demonem mortiferum eos infestantem. conterat ilium et
disperdat de cunctis habitacionibus colencium deum de
fo. 48 1 x'. basilicis. de domibus. de angulis. de / lectulis. de
refectoriis. de uniuersis locis in quibuscumque deo
famulantes habitant, et requiescunt. dormiunt. uigilant.
ambulant, et consistunt : nee ualeat i lie malignus amplius
inquietare. uel pauores immittere super illos quos sancti
earismatis tui unccione fecisti esse munitos.
1 Comparative Tables of these offices found in English liturgical books,
together with notes upon the services, may be found in the Westminster
Missal, iii. 14J4 (Henry Bradshaw Society, 1897).
To this point the prayer is almost as in Missale Sarum, ed. Dickinson,
Burntisland, 1861 — 1883, col. 697.
DURHAM .MISSAL.
16
Benedico te cera in nomine dei >J« patris omnipotcntis ct Hari. MS.
►J« filii eius unigeniti et spiritus ►{« sancti paracliti. ut sis
ubique diaboli effugacio. atque omnium contubernalium
suorum exterminacio. adiuuante eadem sancta el indiuidua
trinitate que in unitatis essencia. uiuit et regnat in secula
seculorum. Amen.
Oracio :
Llomine1 sancte pater omnipotens eterne deus qui
omnia ex nichilo creasti. et iussu tuo per opera apum
hunc liquorem ad perfeccionem cerei euenirc fecisti et qui
hodierna die peticionem iusti symeonis implesti. te
humiliter deprecamur : in has candelas ad usus hominum
et sanitatem corpore ct animarum sine in terra, siue in
aquis per innocacionem sanctissimi nominis tui. et per
intercessi onem sancte marie semper uirginis cuius fo. 482.
hodie festa deuote celebramus et per preces omnium sanc-
torum tuorum bene^dicere et sanctificare >{« digneris. et
huius plebis tue que illas honorifice in manibus desiderat
portare. teque laudando exultare. exaudias uoces de celo
sancto tuo. et de sede maiestatis tue. et propicius sis
omnibus clamantibus ad te quos redemisti precioso
filii sanguine tui. Qui tecum uiuit et regnat in imitate
spiritus sancti.
Oracio.
Omnipotens2 sempiterne deus qui hodierna die unigeni-
tum tiiuin ulnis sancti symeonis in templo sancto tuo
suscipiendum presentasti. tuam supplices deprecamur
clemenciam ut has candelas quas nos tui famuli in tui
nominis magnificencia suscipientes gestare cupimus luce
accensas bene»f«dicere et sancti»J«ficare atque lumine
superne benediccionis accendere digneris : quatinus eas
tibi domino deo nostro offerentes digni et sancto igne
dulcissime caritatis succensi in templo sancto glorie tue
representari mereamur. per.
1 See Missale Sarum, col. 698.
• Missale Sarum, col. 698.
174 RITES OF DURHAM.
Harl. MS. Oracio.
5289. "p\ ....
fo. \S2v. Uomine1 lhesu chnste creator cell et terre. rex
reeum. et dominus dominancium exaudi nos indigmos
famulos tuos clamantes et orantes ad te. Precamur te
domine omnipotens et eterne deus qui omnia ex nichilo
creasti : et iussu tuo opera apum ad perfeccionem cerei
uenire fecisti. et qui hodierna die peticionem iusti symeonis
implesti. ut has candelas ad usus corporis et animarum
siue in terra siue in aquis per inuocacionem sanctissimi
nominis tui et per intercessionem sancte marie genitricis
tue cuius hodie festa percolimus ac per preces omnium
iustorum bene>{«dicere et sanctificare »J« digneris : in hac
plebe tua illas manibus portando tu exaudias uoces
illorum de sede maiestatis tue. propiciusque sis omnibus
clamantibus ad te saluator mundi. Qui cum patre.
Oracio.
lNmense2 maiestatis tue misericordiam obsecramus
omnipotens deus : ut qui uerum lumen dominum nostrum
ihesum christum hodierna die cum nostre substancia carnis
in templo representari atque diu desideratum beati symeonis
fo. 483. brachiis amplecti uoluisti. mentis nostre / sensus dono
tue gracie illuminare digneris : quatinus hos cereos
tua benedictione sanctificatos ferentes. castitate securitate
tuique amoris caritate exuberantes nosmetipsos hostiam
uiuentem sanctam tibique ex[h]ibere ualeamus placentem.
per eundem.
Tunc aspergantur aqua benedicta et thure adoleantur et
illuminentur et interim canatar A\ntiphona\.
Lumen ad reuelacionem cum psalmo. Distributis cereis et
cantata. A\ntiphond\ Lumen cum psalmo.?* dicatur hec
Oracio CUm Dominus uobiscum.
Oracio.
Omnipotens sempiterne deus qui unigenitum tuum ante
tempora4 de te genitum set temporaliter de maria uirgine
incarnatum lumen uerum et indeficiens ad repellendas
1 Cf. Missale Sarum, col. 698.
2 Missale Westm. col. 623.
3 Psalmo, i.e., Nunc dimittis.
4 Missale Sarum, col. 702.
DURHAM MISSAL. 175
humani generis tenebras. et ad intendendum lumen fidei Hari. ms.
et ueritatis misisti in mundum concede propicius : ut 5 " '''
sicut corporali ita eciam interius luce spirituali irradiari
mereamur : per eundem dominum.
net secundum alios post distribucionem dicatur isle
\\ersus\
Benedicta tu in mulieribus.
Kyrieleison. Christeleison. Kyrieleison.
Pater noster.
El HO IIOS.
\'. Post partum.
Oracio.
ELrude1 quesumus domine plebem tuam / et que extrin- fo. 4837'.
secus annua trihuis deuocione uenerari intercedente beata
dei gen i trice semper uirgine maria interius assequi gracie
tue luce concede, per.
[Feria ouarta in capite ieiunii.]
Feria .Hi; in capite ieiunij. post sextam pulsetur unum
de maioribus signis quoadusque /nitres conueniant in
ecclesiam et facia 11 1 imam oracionem breuem.
Qua peracta : episcopus stoiam liabeus et mitram. ucl
prior sine alius sacerdos stoiam tautum prosternat se super
tapetum ante altare cum suis miuistris. fratres uero in
choro prosternant se super for mas canentes .vij psalmos
penitenciales cum. Gloria patri.
fin His an tern psalm is dicatur ah omnibus A[ntiphona\.
Ne reminiscaris
cum
Kyrieleison. Christeleison. Kyrieleison.
Pater noster
post hec episcopus uel qui loco it Hits est surgens dicat
pieces et oraciones que secuntur hoc modo.
Et ne nos.
Saluos fac seruos inos.
Conuertere domine usquequo.
Mitle i-is domine auxilium ilt- sancto.
Domine exaiull.
Dominus uobiscum.
' Missale Ebor. (Suit. Soc. 1874) ii. 19. Some read Exattdi,
1/6 RITES OF DURHAM.
Had MS. Oracio.
5289.
ELxaudi1 domine quesumus preces nostras et confitencium
tibi parce peccatis. ut quos consciencie reatus accusat.
indulgencia tue miseracionis absoluat. per.
Oracio.
fo. 4S4. 1 reueniat2 hos famulos tuos quesumus domine
misericordia tua : ut omnes iniquitates eorum sceleris
indulgencia deleantur. per christum.
oracio.
r\desto4 domine supplicacionibus nostris : nee sit ab
hiis famulis tuis clemencie tue longinqua miseracio sana
uulnera eorumque remitte peccata. ut nullis iniquitatibus
a te separati. tibi domino semper ualeant adherere. per
christum.
oracio.
Domine 5 deus noster. qui offensione nostra non
uinceris set satisfaccione placaris. respice quesumus hos
famulos tuos qui se tibi grauiter peccasse confitentur.
tuum est absolucionem criminum dare et ueniam prestare
peccantibus qui dixisti penitenciam te malle peccatorum
quam mortem, concede ergo domine hiis ut tibi penitencie
dignas excubias celebrent : et correctis actibus suis conferri
sibi a te sempiterna gaudia gratulentur. per christum.
oracio.
LJeus6 cuius indulgencia nemo non indiget memento
famulorum tuorum et qui[a] lubrica terrenaque corporis
fragilitate nudati in multis deliquerunt : quesumus ut des
ueniam confitentibus parcas supplicibus. ut qui suis
fo. 484^. / mentis accusantur tua miseracione saluentur. per domi-
num.
1 Missale Sarum, col. 131. Missale Ebor. i. 45. Missale Westm. ii. 546.
2 Missale Sarum, col. 132. Missale Westm. ii. 547.
1 Read celeri.
* Missale Sarum, col. 131. Missale Westm. ii. 547.
s Missale Sarum, col. 132. Missale Westm. ii. 547.
6 Missale Sarum, col. 132.
DURHAM MISS.M,. \~-
absolucio, h.u-i. ms.
A , . . . . ... S-K''-
/Absokumus » uos uice beati petn apostolorum pnncipis
cui dominus potestatem ligandi atque soluendi dedit. et
quantum ad uos pertinet accusacio : et ad nos remissio sit
deus uobis uita et salus et omnibus peccatis uestris indul-
tor. Qui uiuit.
Or emus.
C_)mnipotensa deus qui dixit qui me confessus fuerit
coram hominibus confitebor et ego eum coram patre meo.
ipse uos benedicat et custodiat semper detque uobis
remissionem omnium peccatorum uestrorum et uitam
eternam. amen.
hid peractis surgant omnes ab oracione et benedicat
sacerdos cineres. Benediccio cum
Adiutorium nostrum in nomine domini.
Sit niomen domini benedictum.
Dominus uobiscum.
Ore mus.
V_ymnipotens-+ sempiterne deus parce metuentibus. pro-
piciare supplicantibus et mittere dignare sanctum angelum
tuum de celis qui benedicat et sanctificet hos cineres : ut
sint remedium salubre omnibus nomen tuum sanctum
humiliter implorantibus ac semetipsos pro consciencia
delictorum suorum accusantibus / atque ante conspectum fo. 485.
diuine clemencie tue facinora sua deplorantibus uel
serenissimam maiestatem tuam suppliciter obnixeque
flagitantibus. et presta per inuocacionem sanctissimi
nominis tui ut quicumque eos super se asperserint pro
suorum redempcione peccatorum corporis sanitatem et
anime tutelam percipiant. per dominum.
or emus.
LJeus5 qui non mortem set penitenciam desideras
peccatorum fragilitatem condicionis humane benignissime
respice. et hos cineres quos causa proferende humilitatis.
' Missale Sarum, col. 132.
■ Evesham Hook (Henry Bradshaw Society), p. 79.
1 Read, \w>.
4 Missale Westm. ii. 552.
s Missale Ebor. i. 44. Missale Sarum. 133. Missale Westm. ii. 553.
12
178 RITES OF DURHAM.
Hail. MS. ac promerencle uenie capitibus nostris irnponi decernimus
9' benedicere pro tua pietate dignare ut qui nos esse in
cineres prauitatis nostre merito et in pulueres reuersuros
cognoscimus peccatorum omnium ueniam et premia peni-
tentibus repromissa misericorditer consequi mereamur.
per dominum.
oracio.
LJeus ' qui humiliacione flecteris et satisfaccione pla-
caris. aurem tue pietatis inclina precibus nostris et
capitibus famulorum tuorum horum cinerum aspercione
attactis effunde propicius graciam tue bene»J<diccionis : ut
fo. 4857;. eos et spiritu / compunccionis repleas et que iuste
pecierint efficaciter tribuas. et consessa perpetua stabilitate
intacta manere decernas. per.
oracio :
Omnipotens2 sempiterne deus qui niniutis in cinere et
cilicio penitentibus indulgencie tue remedia prestitisti
concede propicius : ut sic eos imitemur habitu. quatinus
uenie prosequamur obtentu. per.
Delude prior reuertatur in chornm et mittat cineres super
capita fratrum suorum. dicendo.
Memento homo quia cinis es : et in cinerem reuerteris :
Interim cantetur A\ntiphona\
Immutemur
cum uersibus psalmi
Deus misereatur nostri
quantum opus fuerit : quo facto, prosternant se fratres
super form as dicente sacerdote
Ostende nobis
et in conuentu respondeatur
Et salutare tuum da nobis.
Kyrieleison.
Pater noster.
Et tie nos.
Et ueniat super nos misericordia tua domine
Dominus uobiscum
1 Missale Ebor. i. 46. Missale Westin. ii. 552.
'* Missale Romanum 1474, and later editions.
DURHAM MISSAL. 179
ore ill us Harl. MS.
Mc . . . 5289'
emor esto quesumus domine fragihtatis humane et
qui iuste uerberas peccatores : intercedente beatissima ct
gloriosa semperque uirgine maria et omnibus Sanctis nobis
peccatoribus parce propicius : et afflictis / ut qui iuste fo. 486.
nostris meritis affligimur, tua sancta miseracione redempti
hie et imperpetuum saluemur. per.
[Dominica in ramis palm arum.]
■ Dominica in ramis palmarum expleta missa matutinali.
fiat benediccio sal is et aquc adquam sin/ omnes albis paratis*
induti. dam can/an/. A[nti/>lionam]
Asperses me :
pulsetur signum ad terciam. post aspersionem aquc dicat
sacerdos oracionem Exaudi nos.
Deinde reuertatur ad locum suum et incipiat terciam.
Qua incept a. uadat cum portitoribus ague et cruets per
o])icin us claustri sicut mos est in dominie is diebus. Sacer-
dote cum ministris redeunte in chorum per ostium retro
chorum canal terciam cum aliis et dicat capitulum et
collectam ad horam pertinentem.
Cantata liora cum psalmis familiaribus' accedat sub-
diaconus ante gradus manipulam in brachio habens et sine
tunica legal sine tilulo leccionem sequentem.
V enerunt1 fllii israel. in helym israel in
deser turn sin: uespere car/nes edere .... fo. 4861-.
Et ecce gloria domini : apparuit in nube. 4 7*
Lecta leccione exeunt seruituri de candelabris et t/iuribulo
et slat im cum eis accedat diaconus. sine dalmatica et
incensato analogio legal ewangelium. Cum appropinquasset2
quere supra dominica prima in aduentu.
Lecto eivange/io : exeat lector cum candelabris. sicut
intrauil. set thuribularius remaneat propter incensionem
palmarum proximo sequentem. postea accedat episcopus sine
' Exod. x\. 27 — xvi. 10.
Matth. xxi. 1 — 9.
l8o RITES OF DURHAM.
H.iri. MS. prior capa indutus cum stola sine manipula. uel sacerdos
cum stola et manipula set sine capa. et benedicat pal mas et
frondes ante altare super tapetum sicut infra continetur.
fo. 4877-. Exorcizo1 te creatura florum et frondium / in nomine
*%> dei patris omnipotentis. et in nomine f%* ihesu christi
filii eius. et in uirtute spiritus tj< paracliti : Exorcizo te
omnis uirtus aduersarii. omnis exercitus diaboli. omnis
spiritus inimici. omnis incursio demonum eradicare et
explantare ab hac creatura riorum et frondium : ut ad dei
graciam festinancium uestigia non sequaris : interdico tibi.
per eundem dominum nostrum ihesum christum qui
uenturus est.
Oracio.
wmnipotens1 sempiterne deus qui in diluuij effusione
noe famulo tuo ostendisti per os columbe gestantis ramum
oliue pacem terris redditam. te supplices domine depre-
camur : ut has spatulas palmarum seu frondes arborum
quas ante conspectum glorie tue offerimus ueritas tua
sanctifi»J<cet. ut deuotus populus in manibus eas suscipiens
benediccionis tue graciam consequi mereatur : per.
oracio.
CJmnipotens sempiterne deus flos mundi. odor suaui-
tatis. et origo nascencium qui omnia legis et prophetas
oracula in filii tui domini nostri ihesu christi humilitate
declarasti quique eciam uenienti ierosolimam deuotam illi
fo. 488. cum ram is palmarum ac misticis lau/dibus hodierna
die obuiam fecisti turbam procedere : respice propicius ad
debitam populi tui seruitutem et huius creature nouitatem
tua uirtute sancti>J<fica. Et sicut tunc prions populi gratus
tibi extitit huius deuocionis affectus : ita nos quoque nunc
in veritate confessionis nominis eius. hec eadem per
reuoluta tempora frequentantes : purificatis sensibus
dignum tibi deferamus obsequium. Et uelud florum
uarietate piis uernantes studiis sarcina carnis deposita cum
odore bonorum operum in celesti ierusalem eidem filio
tuo domino nostro ualeamus occurrere. Qui tecum uiuit
et regnat.
1 Missale Sarum, col. 255.
DURHAM MISSAL. |8l
oracio. Harl. MS.
ens' cuius 11 1 ins pro salute generis liumaui de celo
descendit ad terras, et appropinquante liora passion is sue
in ierosolimam in asino sedens uenire. et a turbis rex
appellari ac laudari uoluit. Bencdicere ^ dignare hos
palmas eeterarumque frondium ramos : ui omnes qui eos
laturi sunt, ita benediccionis tue done repleantur quatinus
et in hoc seculo antiqui hostis temptamenta superare et in
futuro cum palma uictorie et fruetu / bonorum operum fo. 4887;.
ualeant tibi apparere. per eundem.
oracio.
LJeus1 qui dispersa congregas et congregata conseruas.
qui populis tuis obuiam ihesu ramos portantibus benedixisti
lKvne>J«dic eciam et hos ramos palmarum atque arborum
quos tui famuli ad nominis tui benediccionem suseipiunt.
ut in quemcunque locum introducti fuerint tuam bene»J<
diccionem habitatores illius loci omnes consequantur ita ut
omni aduersa ualitudine effugata : dextera tua protegat
quos redemit. per eundem.
Hie aspergatur aqua benedicta et \ad\oleatur thus postea
subiungatur oracio.
Dominus uobiscum
V_Jmnipotens2 sempiterne deus qui dominum nostrum
ihesum cliristum hodierna die super pullum asine sedere
fecisti. et turbas populorum uestimenta uel ramos arborum
in uia sternere et osanna decantare in laudem ipsius
docuisti : da quesumus ut illorum innocenciam immitari
possimus et eorum meritum consequi mereamur. per
eundem.
post hec diuidantur floras * * *
Dominica in rumis palmarum flat missa niatutiiiatis dc fo. 134W.
ipsa dominica cum una cottccta. et sine pussionc set cum
emangelio quodi legatur ad matutinas ad priuatas missus
' Missale Sarum, col. 256.
Missale Ebor. i. 85.
1 See the Durham Breviary, Harl. 4664, fo. 73- 1' appears to be ihe
gospel for thf firsi Sunday in Advent, Cum appropinquasset. See above,
p. 179.
1 82 RITES OF DURHAM.
Hari. MS. similiter dicatur una collecta. Passionem uero nullus
5 legat: nisi f rater qui infirm is cantat. Expleta missa
Fo. 135- matutinali. fiat benediccio salis / et ague, et aspersa
aqua dictaque oracione. Exaudi nos. ut solet incipiat
sacerdos horam. Qua percantata : accedat subdiaconus
manipulam in brachio habens et sine tunica et legat ante
gradus pauimenti sine titulo leccionem Venerunt filij israel
in helym. quere leccionem hanc et cetera que pertinent ad
benediccionem palmarum in fine libri.*
hits ita peractis : distribuantur rami palmarum et frondes
aliarum arborum. Interim incipiat cantor. A\ntiphona\
Pueri hebreornm.
postea exeant ad processionem sicut plenius notatur in
ordinali.
facta autem stacione et finitis kit's que cani debent ad
nutum cantoris accedat diaconus dalmatica indutus et petita
benediccione ab episcopo si presens fuerit : analog[i]um
incenset. et legat evoangelium sequens scilicet Turba multa.
ad quod ewangelium preferantur textus ewangeliorum et
luminaria et incensum. Delude fiat sicut continetur in
ordinali.* ewangelium Secundum Iohannem
Turba multa &c.
[In Cena Domini.]
to. 488^. r In cena domini dictis vij. psalmis penitentialibus cum
A[ntiphona\
Ne reminiscaris.
et cetera, sequitur.
Kyrieleison.
fo. 489. Pater / noster.
qua dicta : surgat prior uel sacerdos dicens ante altare.
Et ne nos inducas.
Tu mandasti mandata tua domine.
Domine non secundum peccata nostra facias nobis.
Saluos fac seruos tuos.
Conuertere domine usquequo.
Esto eis domine turris fortitudinis.
Mitte eis domine auxilium de sancto.
Domine exaudi oracionem meam.
Dominus uobiscum.
DURHAM MISSAL. 183
A. . ..... . . Hart. Ms.
desto1 clomine supplicaciombus nostris : et me qui 5289.
eciam misericordia tua primus indigeo clementer exaudi et
quern non eleccione meriti. set done gracie tue constituisti
operis huius ministrum da liduciam tui muneris exequendi.
et ipse in nostra ministerio quod tue pietatis est operare.
per dominum.
oracio.
I resta2 quesumus domine famulis tuis dignum peni-
tencie fructum : ut eeelesie tue sancte3 a cuius integritate
deuiarant peeeando : admissorum reddantur innoxij ueniam
consequendo. per christum.
Alia oracio.
LJeus-' humani generis benignissime conditor et miseri-
cordissime reformator. qui hominem inuidia diaboli ab
eternitate deiectum unigeniti filij tui sanguine redemisti.
uiuifica hos famulos tuos quos tibi / nullatenus mori fo. 4891-.
desideras : et qui non derelinquis deuios. assume cor-
rectos. Moueant pietatem tuam quesumus domine horum
famulorum tuorum lacrimosa suspiria. tu eorum medere
uulneribus. tu iaeentibus manum porrige salutarem. ne
ecclesia tua aliqua sui corporis porcione uastetur. ne grex
tuus detrimentum sustineat. ne de familie tue dampno
inimicus exultet : ne renatos lauacro salutari mors secunda
possideat. Tibi ergo domine supplices preces tibi fletum
cordis effundimus. tu parce confitentibus : ut sic in hac
mortalitate peccata sua te adiuuante defleant : quatinus in
tremendi iudicii die sentenciam dampnacionis eterne
euadant. et ne sciant quod terret in tenebris. quod stridet
in flammis. et ab errorum uia ad iter iusticie iam reuersi :
nequaquam ultra nouis uulneribus saucientur : per
christum.
oracio.
Propiciare domine trementibus atque supplicibus sub
sentencie tue expectacione. et ad humilitatem iacencium
sulleuandam dexteram salutis extende : nobis semis tuis
' Misaale Sarum, col. 398. Missale Ebor. i. 95.
Missale Ebor. i. 95.
WViim. adds hen reconciliati.
184 RITES OF DURHAM.
Harl. MS. quesumus apostolice potestatis claues / sacerdotalis officii
fo.4go. ministros. non eleccione meriti set dono gracie tue
constituisti : da fiduciam tanti muneris exequendi. et ipse
in nostro ministerio quod tue potestatis est operare.
Agnosce piissime pastor oues tue redempcionis : et con-
strictos uinculis peccatorum ecclesie tue precibus exoratus
absolue redeant ad unitatem ecclesie tue. et post illam
diram inopisexilii famem redeuntes. ueste splendida ornati
paterno gaudeant receptos se esse conuiuio. Nichil de
honore adopcionis. nichil de hereditatis sorte perdiderint
set integrum sit eis atque perpetuum : et quod gracia tua
contulit : et quod misericordia reformauit. per eundem.
oracio.
LJeus1 misericors deus clemens qui secundum multitu-
dinem miseracionum tuarum peccata delinquencium deles,
et preteritorum criminum culpas ueniam remissionis
euacuas. respice super hos famulos tuos: remissionem sibi
omnium peccatorum suorum tota cordis confessione
poscentes deprecatus exaudi renoua in eis piissime pater
quicquid terrena fragilitate corruptum. uel quicquid dia-
fo. 490^. bolica fraude uiolatum / est : et in unitate corporis
ecclesie tue membrorum perfecta remissione restitue.
Miserere domine gemituum. miserere lacrimarum et non
habentes fiduciam nisi in tua misericordia: ad sacramentum
reconsiliacionis admitte. per christum dominum.
oracio.
IVlaiestatem1 tuam domine supplices deprecamur : ut
hiis famulis tuis longo squalore penitencie maceratis
miseracionis tue ueniam largiri digneris ut nupciali ueste
recepta : ad regalem mensam unde eiecti fuerant mereantur
introire. per.
oracio.
LJominus1 ihesus qui discipulis suis dixit, quecumque
ligaueritis super terram erunt ligata et in celis. et que-
cumque solueritis super terram : erunt soluta et in celis.
' Missale Ebor. i. 96.
DURHAM MISSAL. 1S5
Do quorum numero quamuis me indignum et peccatorem Hari. MS.
ministrum tamen esse uoluit. Intercedente eiusdem dei
gen i trice tnaria cum omnibus 'Sanctis: ipse vos absoluat
per ministerium meum. ut ah omnibus1 peccatis uestris
quecumque cogitacione. aut locucione. aut operacione
negligenter egistis atque a uinculis peecatorum uestrprum
absolutes : perducere digneturad regnum celorum.
1 1 bsolucio.
/\.bsolucionema et remissionem omnium peecatorum
uestrorum percipere merea mini bic et ineternum. amen. fo. 491.
[In Sabbato Sancto.]
■ /// sancto sabbato pasche dicta nana cant fratres in
dormitorium a quo reuertentes pergant ad lauatorium.
Dcindc />a/xatis tabu/is ad missani : in chorum conucniant
facientes breuem oracioncm et post induantur onmes a/bis
para/is et in cJwnim redeant. Hiis expletis eant ad locum
ubi ignis sacrari debet cantore incipientc. psalmum
Miserere mei deus
preccdentibus portitoribus cruets et aque benedicte et
lanteme. quant feret magister puerorum qui ebdoma[da]rius
fuerit. et haste et thuribuli uacui eosque sequatur. Prior
cum stota et capa net saccrdos qui ce/ebraturus est sine
capa. set cum sto/a et manipula. Dcindc sequatur cou-
ncil t us preccdentibus scnioribus. jinito psalmo prcdicto cum
Gloria patri
subiungatur
Kyrieleison. Christeleison. Kyreeleison
Paler noster
deinde subiungat saccrdos
Domtnus uobiscum
oracio.
Lseus 3 qui per tilium tuum angularem scilicet lapidera
caritatis ignem tuis tidelibus contulisti productum e.
scilicet nostris profuturum usibus nouum bunc ignem
'— ' Added in upper margin in fourteenth century band.
Miss. ile Ebor. i. 96.
Missale Ebor. i. 1 10.
4 Read, productum e silice.
l86 RITES OF DURHAM.
HarljMS. sanctifica. et concede nobis ita per hec festa paschalia
fo. 49/7'. celestibus desideriis inflammari. ut ad perpe/tua festa
purgatis mentibus pertingere ualeamus. per eundem.
oracio.
Ueus omnipotens. deus abraham. deus ysaac. et deus
iacob : inmitte in hanc creaturam incensi uim odoris tui
uel uirtutem. ut sit seruis tuis uel ancillis munimen. tutela-
que defensionis. ne intret in uisceribus eorum hostis.
aditumque et sedem aliquando habere possit.
oracio.
Uomine1 deus noster pater omnipotens lumen indeficiens.
conditor omnium luminum. exaudi nos famulos tuos et
benedic hunc ignem. qui tua sanctificacione atque bene-
diccione consecretur. tu illuminans omnem hominem
uenientem in hunc mundum. illumina consciencias cordis
nostri igne tue caritatis : ut tuo igne igniti : tuo lumine
illuminati. expulsis a cordibus nostris peccatorum tenebris
ad uitam te illustrante peruenire mereamur eternam. per
eundem christum.
oracio.
L/omine2 sancte pater omnipotens eterne deus bene-
dicere et sanctificare digneris ignem istum quern nos
indigni per inuocacionem unigeniti filij tui domini nostri
fo. 492. ihesu christi benedicere presumimus / tu clementissime eum
tua benediccione sanctifica. et ad profectum humani
generis prouenire concede, per eundem.
Sacrato igne aspergatur aqua benedicta. et de carbon ibus
illius ignis impleatur thuribuliim et t/rure iniecto incenset
ignem. Deinde accendantur candele in hasta. et alia in
/anterna et cerei. Hiis ita gestis precedentibus iunioribus
reuertantur sicut solent ferialibus diebus quando processio
agitur precedentibus duobus fratribus cantando ympnum :
fnuentor rutili. conuentu repetente primum uersuin.
fo. 179. / * * *
' Missale Sarum, col. 3^5.
Missale Ebor. i. 1 10.
DURHAM MISSAL. 1N7
/ N sancto sabato pasche dicta nona : reuertantur fratres '-'..s,,.
in dormitorium a quo descendentes pergant ad lauatorium.
Deinde pulsatis tabu/is ad missam in chorum conueniant
facientes breuem oracionem et post induant se omnes albis
paratis : et in chorum redeant. I His gestis cunt ad locum
ubi ignis sacrari debet, cantore incipiente Psalmum
Miserere
cum
Gloria patri.
Kyrieleison.
Pater no.ster.
precedentibus portitoribus cruets ct aquc benedicte et
lanteme qua in ferret magister pucrorum qui ebdomadarius
est et haste et thuribuli uacui. eosque sequatur. Prior cum
stola et capa net sacerdos qui celcbra turns est sine fo. 179V.
cupci set cum stola et manipula. Deinde sequatur conuentus
precedentibus senioribus. Sacrato igne uspergatur aqua
benedicta. et de carbonibus i/lius ignis impleatur t/iuribulum
et thure iniecto incenset ignem. Deinde accendantur can dele
in hasta et alia in Ian tenia et cerei. Ad hanc enim pro-
cessional! portantur candelabra cum cereis non illuminatis
usque scilicet ad locum ubi benedicitur ignis ubi illuminantur
omnes candele. Hiis ita gestis precedentibus iunioribus
reuertantur sicut solent ferialibus diebus quando processio
agitur precedentibus conuentum duobus fratribus cantando
ympnum
Inuentor rutili.
conuentu repetente primum uersum.
Cum conuentus in chorum uenerit ipsi qui ympnum
cantant ad gradus cant ibique unuin uersum uel quantum
canton' uisum fuerit canant. Jinito cantu si episcopus
presens fuerit sedan suam intrel cum capa et mitra.
c.xpectans donee ueniat ante cum benediccionem petens is
qui cereum consecrare debet, si uero absens fuerit episcopus.
prior ucl is qui missam celebrat statim cum processio
intrat ecc/esiam ad reuestiarium eat cum co qui cereum fo. 1S0.
benedicturus est. ibique sol/empniter uestiti procedant ad
allure, ibique diaconus petal benediccionem ab eo qui celebrat
l88 RITES OF DURHAM.
Had. MS. c( benedicat cereum. Cum tcmpus fuerit : defcretur ei
9' thuribulum. silicet cum dixerit. Suscipe sancte. et incenset
cereum* set prius celebraturus incensum ponat. et cum
dictum fuerit. Rut Hans ignis, accendatur. benediccione per-
acta, diaconus deposita ibi dalmatica ad altare redeat.
Cereus uero uon extinguatur usque in eras tin um post
uesperas. Benediccione itaque peracta exeat episcopus si
celebrare uoluerit cum eo qui cereum consecrauit et priore
et archideacono. et ceteris clericis episcopi ad preparandum
se. et statim inchoetur. leccio j". lecciones legantur sine
titulo in capis. Episcopus uero sollempniter uestitus.
diaconus sine dalmatica. Prior et archidiaconus in capis.
et ceteri uestiti procedant ad altare.
leccio prima.
IN1 principio creauit deus celum et terram .... Et
fo. i8oj'. uidit deus lucem / quod esset bona .... secundum
fo. 181. Specjem suam / uidit deus Et fac/tum est uespere
fo. 182 et escam / et cunctis ab uniuerso opere
quod patrarat.
oremus.
LJeus2 qui mirabiliter creasti hominem. et mirabilius
redemisti : da nobis quesumus contra oblectamenta peccati
mentis racione persistere. ut mereamur ad gaudia eterna
peruenire. per.
leccio ij.
fo. 182?'. F actum est in uigilia ad egypcios / super
currus .... Tunc cecinit moyses et filii israel carmen
hoc domino : et dixerunt3
Tractus
V_^aiitemu.s domino gloriose enim honoiificatus est equum et ascensorem
proiecit in mare.
V. Adiutor et protector factus est mihi in salutem.
V. Hie deus mens et honorabo eum deus patris mei et exaltabo eum.
1 Genes, i. 1 — 31 ; ii. 1 — 2.
- Missale Sarum, eol. 344.
"■ Exod. xiv. 24 — 31 ; xv. i.
DURHAM MISSAL. I 89
V. Dominus conterens bella dominus nomen est illi. Harl. MS.
Iste tractus cantefur a duobus in albis similiter et tres fo. 183.
seqttentes.
oracio.
Ueus1 cuius antiqua mfracula eciam nostris seculis
choruscare scntimus : dum quod uni populo a persecucionc
egypcia liberando dextere tue potencia contulisti. id in
salutem gencium per aquam regeneracionis opcraris :
presta ut in abrahe filios. et in israeliticam dignitatem.
tocius mundi transseat plenitude, per.
leccio iij.
/Vpprehendent2 septcm mulieres . . . spiritu ardoris.
et creabit . . . absconsionem a turbine et a pluuia. fo. 1831:
Tractus.
\J Inea facta est dilecto in cornu in loco uberi.
V. Et maceriam circumdedit et circumfodit et plantauit uineam soretfa
et edificauit turrim in medio eius.
V. Et torcular fodit in ea uinea enim domini sabaoth domus israel est.
oracio.
LJeus^ qui nos ad celebrandum paschale sacramentum
utriusque testamenti paginis instruis.4 da nobis intelligere
misericordiam tuam : ut ex percepcione presencium
munerum : firma sit exspectacio futurorum. per.
leccio Hi/.
Iiec5 est hereditas seruorum domini .... laborem
uestrum non in saturitate .... sic erit uerbem meum fo. 184.
quod egredi etur de ore meo. Dicit dominus omnipotens. fo. 184V.
Tractus.
/xttende celum et loquar audiat terra uerba ex ore meo.
V. Exspectetur sieul pluuia eloquium meum et descendant sicut ros
uerba mea.
1 Missale Ebor. i. 118. -' Isaiae iv. 1 — 6.
Missale Ebor. i. 119. * imbuisti : Sarum, Ebor,
[saiae liv. 17 — lv. 1-11,
190 RITES OF DURHAM.
Harl. MS. V. Sicut ymher super gramma et sicut nix super fenum quia nomcn
5289. domini inuocabo.
V. Dale inagnitudinem ' deo nostro deus uerax opera eius et uie eiiis
iudicia.
V . Deus fideliy in quo non est iniquitas iustus et sanctus dominus.
oracio.
IJeus2 qui ecclesiam tuam semper gencium uocacione
multiplicas. concede propicius : ut quos aqua baptismatis
abluis. continua proteccione tuearis. per.
leccio v.
/Audi israel 3 mandata uite . . . oculorum et pax.
fo. 185. / Ouis inuenit . . . possessionis eius. / . . . . et Magnus
%' l8ol'" israel e/lecto suo. Post hec super terram uisus est : et
IO. I b6. ' r
cum hominibus conuersatus est.
Tractus.
Oicut eeruus desiderat ad f'ontes aquarum ita desiderat anima mea ad
te deus.
V. Sitiuit anima mea ad deum uiuum quando ueniam et apparebo
ante faciem dei mei.
V. Fuerunt mihi laerime mee panes die et nocte dum dieitur miehi per
singulos dies ubi est deus tuns.
oracio.
Omnipotens sempiterne deus respice propicius ad
deuocionem populi renascentis : qui sicut eeruus aquarum
tuarum expetit fontem : et concede propicius ut fidei ipsius
sitis baptismatis misterio animam corpusque sanctificet.
per.
finita ultima oracione : exeat episcopus sicut intrauit.
Cantor uero uocatis ad se tribus tie I quatuor fra tribus
incipiat leta?iiam in capis. trinos sanctos de quolibet ordine
sumentes. Si autem episcopus absens fuerit : cum incipitur
tetania is qui celebrat cum diacono inuestiat. descendat et
deposita casula et stola intret in chorum set prior non
1 magnificentiam : Ebor.
2 Missale Ebor. i. 1 19.
3 Baruch iii. 9 38.
DURHAM MISSAL. 191
incepta tetania: fratres accedant ad formas sicut in xij. |Iarl- Ms-
leccionibus. Ad singula sanctorum nomtna chorus inclinet.
can tores ad nullum. Cum dixcrint Omnes sancti. c.xeant fo. 186.
omncs qui ad missam sint seruituri. cum dixcrint.
Accendite. accendantur luminaria. Accendite. tribus uicibus
alta uocc pronunciula intrct episCQpUS cum ministris suis
sollcmpnitcr indutis ct clcricis suis in capis ucl co abscnte
saccrdos cum ministris suis. ct incipiat cantor festiue
Kyrieleison
post Kyrieleison incipiatur Gloria in excelsis dec nicensctur
altare ct pulscutur omnia signa ad Kyrieleison ct Gloria in
excelsis ct Alleluia stct tolas conucntus
oracio.
1 /eus qui banc sacratissimam noctem.
|de s. cuthberto]
Feria v" de caritate ojficium f°- 4^7-
Karitas dei diffusa est.
[At end of postcommunion follows]
Sed secundum consuetudinem dunclm. ecclesie in omni fo. 428.
feria v" uacante per annum exceptis aduentu, Ixx" et xl"
celebratur de sancto cuthberto ojficium
Statuit ei.
[feria vi de cruce
sabbato de sancta maria]
WORKS MOST FREQUENTLY QUOTED IN THE
FOLLOWING NOTES.
TITLK. QUOTED AS
Account Rolls of Durham Abbey. Surtees Soc. Durham,
1898—1901 ... ... ... ... ... Rolls.
Billings, R. W. Architectural Illustrations and Descrip-
tion of the Cathedral Church at Durham. London,
1843 ... ... ... ... ... ... Billings.
Bradshaw, Henry, and Wordsworth, Chr. Statutes of
Lincoln Cathedral. Camb., 1892 — 97 ... ... B. and W.
Carter, John. Plans, Elevations, etc., with some Account
of the Cathedral Church of Durham. Lond., 1801... Carter.
Greenwell, W., M.A., etc. Durham Cathedral. Durham,
1 897 ... ... . . ... ... ... Greenwell.
Hutchinson. History, etc., of Durham. Newcastle,
1785 — 94 ... ... ... ... ... Hutchinson.
Lanfranc. Decreta pro ordine S. Benedicti, printed in
Reyner, 211 — 254; in Wilkins, I, 328 — 361 ex MS. ;
Dunelm. B. iv. 24, fo. 47 ; and in Migne, P.L. 150,
443 ff. (c. A.D. 1220) ... ... ... ... Lanfranc.
Legg, J. Wickham, and Hope, W. H. St. John. Inven-
tories of Christ Church, Canterbury. Westminster,
1902 ... ... ... ... ... ... L. and H.
Pugin, A. W. Glossary of Ecclesiastical Ornament,
etc. London, 1844 ... ... ... ... Pugin.
Raine, James, M.A. A Brief Account of Durham
Cathedral, etc. Newcastle, 1833 ... ... Raine, Br. Ace.
Raine, James, M.A. Saint Cuthbert. Durham, 1828 ... Raine, St. Cuth.
Reynerus, Clem. Apostolatus Benedictinorum in Ang-lia.
Duaci, 1626 ... ... ... ... ... Reyner.
Rock, Daniel, D.D. Church of our Fathers. Lond.,
1849 ... ... ... ... ... .. Rock.
Scriptores Trcs. Surtees Soc. Lond., 1839 ... ... Scr. Tres.
Wilkins, D. Concilia Magnse Britannise et Hiberniae.
Lond., 1737 ... ... ... ... ... Wilkins.
Wordsworth, Chr. Notes on Mediaeval Services. Lond., ;
1808 ... ... ... ... ... ... Wordsw.
NOTES ON THE TEXT.
i, pp. 1—3.
Written 1503], So also MS. H. 44, and see below, cb. xv, p. 29; also App.
VIM, p. 161.
The g altars]. The eastern transept of Durham Cathedral has received this
name from the nine altars that originally stood in it. There is a
similar eastern addition at Fountains Abbey, of somewhat earlier
date, called Novem a/taria in the Chronicles of the Abbey, but
unaccountably termed "The Lady Chapel" in the earlier editions of
VValbran's Guide. Each of the nine altars at Durham, save that of
St. Michael, had a dedication in honour of two saints, as stated in the
text. In connexion with the building-, see App. VI, particularly Nos.
I, 11, p. 148. Five of the altars were dedicated 16 Kal. Jul. (June 16),
1253, Xo. viii, p. 151.
front or highest part]. The eastern wall of the "Nine Altars," on the
internal face of which may still be seen the string-course rising from
the bases of the vaulting-shafts to the tops of the altars. — Billings, PI.
xvii, xx, lxiv, Ixvii. The expression " in fronte " is used in the same
way as it is here, in Indulgences, Nos. VIII, XVIII, xxxi, App. VI, pp.
'5*i »53i '54-
the altar of St John Baptist & St Margarett\. A missal that belonged to
this altar still exists (MS. Harl. 5289; see App. XI, p. 172). In it
is an inventory of the goods belonging to the altar, which may give
an idea as to what the others had. See Appendix X, p. 171. This
altar and that of St. Andrew and St. Mary Magdalene were
dedicated 7 Kal. Jan. (St. Stephen's Day), 1274; see Indulgence No.
xxxi, App. VI, p. 154.
an Ambry set]. The expression points to a wooden construction ; there
is no recess in the wall at this point, but the stone bench has been cut
away. For other wooden almeries not enclosed in walls, see
chapters 11, XVII, XXII, xxxix, XL. There must have been many such
almeries in all churches, and some few have remained, as those at
Selby, which are on the north side of the high altar. These have
vertical sliding doors ; there is also a long almery, with a hinged door,
fov the abbot's crosier or for the processional cross. In the
small vestry behind Bishop Fox's altar in his chapel at Winchester
are small almeries or cupboards, the fronts of which are ornamented
with the linen pattern. Behind the high altar of the same church is
the base of a long, narrow cupboard entered by a door at either end.
It is of stone, 16 ft. 9 ins. long, and 1 ft. 10 ins. deep, and was
evidently a relic-cupboard with grates in front like one in the north
transept at Gloucester. Ox\ the relic-cupboard formerly at Canter-
bury, see L. and H., 37, 39, 82. On the almeries formerly in the
Galilee, see below.
Singing-breacis\. The wafer-bread used in the celebration of mass, which
was commonly sung, though often said. This bread was made in
thin, coin-like, round cakes like what are now used, with some sacred
symbol impressed upon each one. The} were carefully dried, rather
l3
194 RITES OK DURHAM.
than baked, between the " obley-irons," which were irons that closed
upon them and gave the impress. Some of the breads were made
larger, to be used by the priest alone ; the smaller were for the
communion of the people. In the accounts of the Prioress of Pray (S.
Maria de Pratis), near St. Albans (Dugd., Mon., 1817-1830, III, 359)
we find " pd. for howselyng brede synging brede and wyne vd. ob. "
From this it has been inferred that singing-bread was the priest's host,
and houseling bread that which was given to the people. This
distinction may have been sometimes made, but certainly "singing-
bread " was a term used of all altar-bread both before and for some
time after the Reformation, and even to denote wafers for sealing
letters. So the French oublie, a wafer, is from oblata, an obley or
host. (Rock, I, 153 — 156; Scudamore, Notitia Eucharistica, part II,
ch. xv, sect. ii). In the west wall of the south transept of Durham
Cathedral is a fireplace supposed to have been used for heating the
obley-irons. It is not mentioned in Rites. See further in a note on
ch. xvi, p. 218. Part of the chimney that belonged to the fireplace
in the destroyed vestry of the Lady chapel at Winchester still
remains. An oven exists in the vestry at Hulne, and in that of St.
Peter Mancroft, Norwich. In a large room at Castle Acre, supposed
to have been the Sacrist's checker, was found a fireplace with an
oven at the side, 1 foot in diameter, having a domed roof 16 inches
high. — Norfolk Archceology , XII, 123. Obleys were sometimes bought
ready made. In 1545 we find a payment at Durham "Roberto
Hackett pro hostiis consecr. 1200, xij<f.," and again to him "for
fower hovndrith breydes, w]d." See above, p. 97, and Rolls
under Hosts, Obleys, Singing-breads. There are very minute
directions for the making of obleys in Lanfranc, cap. vi, and in the
Consuetudinary of Abbot Ware (end of 13th century). — Cotton MS.
Otho, C. xi, cap. vi, fo. 34. See also Sir E. M. Thompson's
Customary of . . . St. Augustine's, Canterbury, and St. Peter's, West-
minster, H. Bradshaw Soc, 1902, p. 119, and Alcuin Club Tracts, I,
third ed., p. 68.
a /aire marble sto)ie\. Neither this tombstone nor that of Bishop Beck now
exists. "When the church was flagged after an uniform plan,
within the memory of persons still alive, many monumental slabs,
worth}' of preservation, were destroyed, and others were injudiciously
removed from their places into the spaces between the pillars of the
nave and other retired corners which they now occupy." — Raine, Br.
Ace, 12.
the wall beinge broken]. The writer is here following what appears to have
been a common opinion in his day, but the doorway referred to, now
walled up, is, like the one at the opposite end, evidently a part of the
original design.
allye\. The walk immediately west of the eight wainscot partitions that
divided this entire transept into nine eastern chapels. It turned round
eastward at either end, forming "the north alley" and "the south
alley" of the Nine Altars.
shrines]. Here we are probably to understand canopies.
otter head]. These canopies were probably flat at the top, with some sort
of cresting, and coved or vaulted underneath, like that of Our Lady's
Altar in the Galilee, described below.
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 1 95
partition of wainscoft]. The floor has been renewed and raised, and there
are no precise indications of the fixing of these partitions. At
Fountains there were perpent walls with gabled copings ; at some
late period these were replaced by wooden screens extending west-
ward to a long parclose. —Hope, Fountains, 27, 30. At Rievaulx the
five eastern altars were divided by perpent walls of stone, continued
westward with wood, to meet a great cross screen or parclose. —
Rievaulx Cartulary (Suit. Soc), vol. 83, pp. cxi, 336. For similar
arrangements at Abbey Dore and Lincoln, sec Hope's note.
pictured and guilted\. There arc remains of colour about the stonework
over where t ho altars stood.
lockers or ambers]. Like the one mentioned above ; note, p. 193.
in Ihc wall]. There are three square recesses to the left of three of the
ahars. As the sides are not grooved, they probably had wooden
linings in which shelves were fixed. For the corresponding provision
at Fountains, see Hope, 30, 31.
St Katherns window]. Mentioned in 1545 as "ye windoo in the Kateron
whey 11." — Rolls, 727. This may have been originally wheel-shaped
with radiating shafts, like others of the period, as, for example, that in
the north transept of Beverley Minster, or that in the west front at
Peterborough, a design which would keep in mind St. {Catherine's
Wheel. The glazing was done at a cost of ^14, given by Tho.
Pikeringe, rector of Hemingburgh, 1409-12. — Liber Vita?, 115. The
present stone-work (36 lights) was made by Wyatt in 1795, and the
glazing is modern.
24. lights]. Either this is a mistake for thirty-six, or the present design is
different from that which preceded it. The other window, in which
the legend was represented, is described again below, p. 1 19.
as shee was sett uppon the wheele, etc.]. See Legenda Aurea, Leg. CLXVII,
according to which account she was afterwards beheaded with a
sword, and angels carried her body to Mount Sinai. The once
popular legend of St. Katherine is still contained in the Roman
Breviary ; it is given more fully in those of Sarum and York.
cressctls of Earthen met tall]. Basins of earthen material standing in the
iron frame. Stone is classed as " mettell " in ch. XVII. A similar use
of the word metal has survived in the term road-metal. At p. 24
it is used of the material of the miraculous Rood of Scotland. Cressets
were often made of stone, a square block having from four or five to
sixteen (or more?) hemispherical cavities worked in it, each to
contain grease and a wick. Such stone cressets were used in the
Lantern, ch. xui, and in the Dorter, ch. XXIII, and in many other
places about the Abbey. See Rolls, Index under Cressets. Such have
been described and figured by Mr. Lees in the Cumberland and
Westmoreland Transactions, Vol. Ill, pp. 194 — 196; see also Arch.
Association Journal, XXII, 103. There are cresset-stones in situ in the
atrium of S. Ambrogio, Milan, at Lewannick in Cornwall, and one,
not in situ, at Wool Church, Dorset (Cornhill Mag. Nov. 1890, p.
193). There is one in the York Museum, also a fine example with
nine holes at Furness Abbey One was found at Waverley in 1899,
196 RITKS OF DURHAM.
moveable, for four lights. Proc. Soc. Ant. Lond. 2nd Ser. XVIII, 201.
There were some at Abingdon. Accounts, Camd. Soc, 61, 62, 87.
south alley end]. The end of the Nine Altars where the south alley was,
the south end in fact.
St Cuthberts Window]. This description might have been written for the
St. Cuthbert's window in York Minster, on which see Yks. Arch.
Journal, IV, 249 — 376, and XI, 486 — 499. Raine gives a list of
armorial bearings noticed in the tracery of these windows by
Dugdale in 1666. — Br. Ace, 73.
storye ofjosepli]. Probably including the New Testament anti-types.
II, pp. 3—7.
feritoryc]. As the "Nine Altars " transept was so called from the altars it
contained, so the raised enclosure at the back of the High Altar was
called the " Feretory," not only from the great shrine in the midst of
it, but from any others that were kept there, as at Winchester, and
even at Gloucester, where they had no great shrine. In the same
way the term "High Altar" has often been applied to the area in
which the holy table stands. L. and H., 251.
quadrant forme]. Quadrate or quadrilateral ; so the courts or yards about
Hulne Abbey are said in a survey to be "of quadrant fashion."
shrine]. The great shrine, large enough to contain the entire body and the
relics kept with it. There were such at Canterbury, York,
Winchester, Oxford, Bury, St. Albans, and Westminster. That at
Westminster was restored after a fashion in 1556 ; there are two
representations of an earlier shrine of St. Edward from a 13th century
MS. in Scott's Gleanings, 1863, pp. 136, 138. The stone substructures
of the two at St. Albans, and portions of that of St. Frideswide in
the Cathedral at Oxford, were reconstructed as far as possible a
few years ago. There is a drawing of the Canterbury shrine in
Cotton MS. Lib. E. viii, fo. 269, engraved in Dugdale's Monasticon
and elsewhere, but best in Stanley's Memorials, 1865, p. 228; this is,
however, considered to be untrustworthy, not to say imaginary.
There are some good representations of the Durham shrine in the
nth century in MS. Univ. Coll. Oxon. clxv, one of which is
reproduced in Yks. Arch. Journal, IV, 341. It shows the stone
substructure with a flowing cloth hanging about half way down, on
which is set the shrine itself, with panelled sides and imbricated roof.
The Rolls are full of interesting references to the shrine. See the
Index thereto, under Shrine. The Purbeck marble ground-course of
the substructure was recovered trom St. Cuthbert's grave in 1899,
and is now lying on the floor of the Feretory. This formed part of
the "novum opus marmoreum et alabastrinum sub feretro Sancti
Cuthberti," for which John Lord Nevill paid more than 200/. of silver,
and which he sent in chests by sea to Newcastle, the Prior conveying
it by waggons to Durham. Scr. Tres, 135 ; Archceologia, LVII, n — 28.
seatcs or places conuenient]. Recesses in the stone or marble substructure
on which the shrine proper usually stood.
sittinge on theire knees]. A local expression for kneeling. To bow or lean
forward as in curtseying is in Durham folk-speech "to kneel." In a
Langholm proclamation it was said "they shall sit down on their bare
NOTES ON II IK TEXT. 1 97
knees" (.V. <■- Q, 8th S. II. (84). In the Metrical LifeofSt. Cuthbert,
I. 6241, we read " And on |>air knees I'.ii sett |>aim doune," and below,
ch. v, "sittings downe uppon his knees . . . did creepe away uppon
his knees" ; so in ch. vi, etc. The same expression is used in the
Kirk Session Records of Baltnerino under 1649 and 1658, quoted in
James Campbell's Baltnerino and its Abbey, 205, j 1 ;v
euen in iheise latter day es\. E.g., in 1502 ; see note p. 211, and Scr. Tres, 152.
the history of the Church at large]. Mentioned again a little lower clown,
p. 6, and in ch. xxvii (where see note), and ch. XXVIII.
a little altar]. As was usual. Such little altars are represented al the ends
of shrines in the St. Cuthbert's and St. William's windows at York.
This particular one is described as "alt are sancti Cuthberti, ad caput
sancti Cuthberti situatum." — Scr. Tres, App., p. ccclxxxviii. A little
altar has been set up at Westminster at tin- bead of Si. Edward's
shrine at coronations. A permanent altar, in Irish black marble, was
provided for the coronation of Edward VII, under the direction of
.Mr. J. T. Micklethwaite, F.S.A.
S' Culhberts day in lent]. March 20, Which always fell in Lent, as Easter
Day cannot fall earlier than March 22. The other feast of St.
Cuthbert, that of his Translation, was on Sept. 4.
fralcr house]. See ch. XXXIX.
the couer]. When let down, it would rest on the substructure on which the
shrine stood.
a pully wider ye Vanlt\. The pulley may have been fixed in a hole now
visible in the top of the Vault, immediately east of the middle arch
between the Choir and the Nine Altars. The " rota in volt a " is
mentioned in Rolls, p. 441.
a loope of Iron]. There are several holes in the pillar ; in one of these the
loop may have been fixed.
firmer staves]. So in the case of St. Bede's shrine. See ch. Lit.
Brattishing], Properly board-work, a wooden parapet ; here apparently a
cresting. "Brandishing" is a corrupt form of "Brattishing." See
\. E. D.
alt eucry corner . . . a locke\. There were probably four different locks
with as many keys, kept by four persons.
alnteryes of fine wenscote]. The marks on the floor, where these were fixed,
are clearly visible.
all the holy relieves]. There are lists of Durham relics in Trin. Coll. Camb.
MS. O. ,5, 35, C. 1150, which formerly belonged 10 Finchale, in MS.
Eccl. Ebor. XVI, 1, 12, printed in Scr, Tres, App., p. ccccxxvi, and the
Liber de Reliquiis of 1383 in MS. Eccl. Dunelm. B. 11, 35, printed in
Smith's Bede, p. 740 ; Rolls, 425 — 440 ; transl. in Raines St. Cuthbert .
p. I2i. Some of the most important of the relics are mentioned in the
Anglo-Saxon poem De Situ Duneltni printed in the Surtees Symeon,
p. 153, in a short list in the Rolls edition of Symeon, I. [68 [c. 1150),
ami elsewhere. For a Finchale Inventory, including relics preserved
there, A.D. 1481, see Ditrh. Arch, Soc. Trans., IV, 134, and tor other
relic-lists, Rolls, 953,
198 RITES OF DURHAM.
french p'eir]. A name for the Neville screen, ch. in ; Billings, PI. xxviii —
xxxiii. Not derived from its being supposed to be made of Caen
stone, but from franche peer, free-stone, superior stone (N. E. D., under
Frees/one). We find " a franche botras " in 1412, probably a buttress
of freestone. — Raine, Catterick Church, 1834, p. 8. Some say it is
Dorsetshire chinch, others Bedfordshire stone. The screen was made
in London, and brought to Newcastle by sea, packed in boxes, at the
expense of John Lord Neville, who had contributed £533 6s. 8d.
towards the cost of it ( 1 372-1 380).— Scr. Tres, 135, 136. Rolls, Index
under Reredos. The screen and its alabaster images appear to have
been beautifully painted and gilded. Dr. Raine says that " the screen
was originally painted with the most gaudy colours." — Br. Ace. , 41.
Traces of these may have been seen when the whitewash was scraped
off, ib., but no remains of such decoration, which may have been done
in the 14th or in some later century, are now to be seen. In 1380-81
a painter of Newcastle was paid 12^. for painting one of St. Cuthbert's
birds (the Eider ducks of the Fame Islands) "pro exemplare pro le
Rerdos." — Rolls, 591. In MS. Ebor. XVI, i, fo. i$v., is a short
treatise De Avibus S. Cuthberti.
2 dores]. One on either side of the high altar, to give access to or from the
feretory, as at Westminster, Winchester, St. Albans, etc., and as is
usual. So again in the case of the Jesus Altar, ch. XVII.
the irons}. It would seem that there was some sort of an iron railing round
the raised platform called the Feretory. In like manner St.
Thomas's shrine at Canterbury was enclosed by a grate. Some
time after the dissolution of the monastery the place of the Durham
grate was occupied by handsome carved oak screen-work, swept
away during the last century, when so much valuable woodwork
was destroyed. A portion of this screenwork is preserved in ihe
VJniversity Library. It is shown complete in Billings, PI. lxvii. The
feretory is now surrounded by a modern stone coping.
Ancient]. A corruption of Ensign. See N. E. D.
ye battel done]. That of Neville's Cross or of Durham, fought in 1346.
See ch. xn, xv.
holy rood crosse]. See also ch. XII, XV.
wrylhen]. Wreathed.
loup of Iron]. There is no pillar immediately under St. Catherine's window,
but there are holes in the pillars near, in one of which the loop may
have been fixed.
Ill, pp. 7 — 10.
the antienl history]. Probably Scriptures Tres. See the next note.
Laordose}. In the editions " Lardose," a doublet of Reredos, from Fr.
L'arriere dos, or, as in Scr. Tres, 136, La Reredos.
to the middle vault]. I.e., to the bottom of the triforium.
curtaines or hanginges]. The curtains called riddels or costers, that hung
originally from rods between four pillars at the corners of the altar,
or, later, on rods projecting, as in this case, without front support.
They had pairs of curtains of white silk and of linen at Canterbury.
L. and H. 165.
notes o.n; the text. 199
a irvns fastened]. There are many marks and holes when- irons nave been
fastened, and among these are two which may have served for
tin- cahopy. The high altar here mentioned would be the one made
in 13S0, ami dedicated in honour of SS. Mary, Oswald, and Cuthbert
\S<r. Tres, 136). An earlier one, consecrated in 1240, was in honour
ofSt. .Mary. App. VI, No. Ill, p. 150.
that the pix did hange in it]. The Fix or Pyx was a box for tin- reser-
vation of the Holy Eucharist ; a box so called was sometimes,
however, used tor singing-bread ov relics, or even documents. It
was made of some precious material, as gold, silver, beryl, crystal,
or ivory, in well appointed churches, but there were in some churches
11 full simple and inhonesl pixes, specially pixes of copper and
timber" (Pugin, s.v. ). The Sacrament was not to be kept in a
bursa or loculus, but in a fair pix with fine linen inside it, which pix
was directed to be locked up in a " tabernacle," which appears
sometimes to have been constructed o( wood, and sometimes to
have been a locker in the chancel wall near the altar. The common
English custom of suspending the pix was not in accordance with
the above direction (contained in Peckham's Constitution Dig-nissi-
nutm) and it was held by some to be open to objection, though
having its advantages. — Lyndwood, Provinciate, lib. Ill, tit. 26 ; ed.
1679, p. 248. We find in Rolls, " Corda pro Corpore Xt' pendente,"
179. On wall-lockers as "Sacrament-houses" see Walcott,
Scot intonast icon, 33. Such Sacrament lockers are pretty common
in Scotland, some of the 16th century being enriched by appropriate
sculpture and inscriptions. They are usually near the north end
of the east side of the chancel, and the small lockers found in
English churches in the same place, or in the east wall, may possibly
have been meant for the same use. In German}- the Sacrament was
kept (in later times, at least) in a lofty tabernacle on the north side
of the altar, called a Sakramenthaus. The present Roman custom is
to have a Tabernacle at the back of the altar.
a peUican\ There was a " pellican " . . . " feeding her yong ones with
her own blood " in the Cathedral church in the 17th century ; see
Cosin's Correspondence, Surt. Soc, I, ib8«. The Pelican " in her
piety," wounding her breast with her bill to feed her young ones with
her blood, was an expressive symbol ot Christ shedding I lis Blood
for the world. This device was borne as his arms and used as .1
badge by Richard Fox, bishop of Durham 1494-1502. It is to be
seen wherever he did much building or other work, as at Corpus
Christi College, Oxford, Durham Castle, Winchester, and elsewhere.
And very possibly the pelicans mentioned here and in eh. vn were
made at his suggestion. A tine Pelican of brass, of late Decorated
character, still serves as the lectern in Norwich Cathedral. There is
a good woodcut of it in Murray's Cathedrals, Norwich, PI. \i. For
other examples see A'. 6s (J. 9th S. IX, 375.
the white cloth]. Such cloths are often mentioned in Inventories, anil one
still exists at IJessett in Suffolk. See Alcuin Club Tracts, I, third ed.,
p. 30/.
both the epistoler and the gospeller]. These offices continued in the New
Foundation until they were abolished by the Chapter in 1884-5.
200 RITES OF DURHAM.
///c epistoler . . . alt ' j a row]. It is still the custom in Durham Cathedral
for the clergy to go to and from the altar in single file, and one of
the vergers before them with a tipt staff in his hand, but now the
celebrant goes first. The officiating clergy went out under- the
organ-screen and re-entered by the south quire door, namely the
door in the screen between the aisle and the choir, within living
memory, some of the older canons continuing to do so after others
had begun to go direct from their stalls. This was a survival of
going to and from the Revestry (demolished 1S02). Until the use
of copes was discontinued (in 1759) they were put on in the Revestry,
which was on the south side of the choir, immediately before the
celebration of Holy Communion. • Carter drew a portrait of the
verger who remembered the time when he used to vest the clergy
with the copes, a comely old man in wig, bands, gown, and knee-
breeches. — B.M. Add. 29.933, No. 70 verso.
the office of the masse]. The Officium or Introit.
which booke did seme for the pax]. After the prayer for peace that followed
the commixtion of the elements in the mass, the priest kissed first
the corporals, chalice, and altar, and then the deacon, who passed
the actual kiss of peace to all in the choir, until about the 13th century,
when the ancient practice of mutual salutation, founded on St. Paul's
Epistles, primitive tradition, and the Apostolic Constitutions, was
superseded by the use of an osculalorium or object passed round to
be kissed by all in turn. In England this was called the tabula pads,
pax-brede (-board), asser ad paceni , or pax, and was commonly
made of wood, jet, metal, ivory, or glass, often with a representation
of the Crucifixion upon it {Speaker's Com. on Rom. xvi, 16 ;
Maskell, Ancient Liturgy, 1846, 116;/. ; T. J. Simmons' Lrty folks' Mass-
book, 1879, p. 295; Pugin, s.v.; Rock,' Hierurgia, 107). Many 'highly
prized Texts, with ivory, metal, or jewelled covers, also did duty as
the Pax. One of the ancient MSS. of the Gospels now at Durham
has the appearance of having been so used, at the picture of the
Crucifixion. It may be the book here referred to. Sometime*;, as
at Canterbury, a cover was used without a book inside. At Lincoln,
the Texts of the deacon and of the subdeacon were kissed before
the Officium and the Credo.— B. and W., I, 376, 379 ; Wordsw., 172.
basons of sillier]. For the priest to wash his hands in ; this was another
primitive practice, founded on Ps. xxvi, 6. It was done immedi-
ately before or after the offertory, at Milan, immediately before Qui
pridie, beginning the act of consecration, either at the water-drain in
the south wall of the chancel, or at a basin held at the south corner
of the altar, with suitable words, as, Munda me Domine, etc. (Sarum),
Lavabo inter innocent es, etc. (Ebor. ). See Maskell, p. 62 ; Simmons,
p. 252. In early times the priest washed his hands also after he had
communicated ; this practice has survived in the rinsing of the
fingers in the ablution of the chalice. After the ablutions the priest
washed his hands again (Maskell, 134). Silver basins are often
mentioned in the Inventories of great churches, e.g., St. Paul's,
j 245, Archceologia, L, 469; Rolls, Index under Basins; Legg and
Hope, Inventories, p. 72.
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 201
Cmitts], The larger cruets, like the gold chalice and larger basin, appear
to have been used on "principal] days" for the more show; more
wine and water would, however, be required on days when there were
more masses. They were called " Urceoli ad vinum et aquam."
— Legg and I lope, p. 7.V Sec Rolfs, Index under Cruets, and Plackets.
shipps], Navicula or incense-boats, so called from their form ; the incense
was taken out of these to be put into the censers.
_■ . . . candlesticks]. Note that even for principal days on the High Altar
ot Durham Abbey there were only two. In a council at Oxford in
132a this direction was given, " Accendantur duse candelae vol ad
minus una.'' In the representation of mass in aSarum missal printed
at Rouen in [492 there are two candles, and so in illuminations and
prints in service-books generally, and in inventories of parish church
goods, e.g., those in Lincolnshire in 1566, " ij candellstickes, " passim.
The first Injunctions of Edward VI, and Cranmer's Visitation
Articles, continue to hand on the traditional two lights which have
been provided for in the Church of England to this day. In small
and poor country churches it was perhaps not unusual for there to he
only one. In Mvrc's Instructions, E.E.T.S., 1. 1S75, we find " Loke
|>at |'v candel o( wax hyt be." On the use of a single candlestick,
see further, J. X. Comper, in Legg, Principles of Prayer Book, 1899,
72. On great festivals and in great churches many extra lights were
used on the beam, on the floor, or otherwise round about the Altar,
but these were' ornamental, like the hanging lights in basins, and
quite distinct from the altar-lights proper. On the whole subject
of Lights, see Legg, tit supra, 68 — 81. Alcuin Club Tracts, I, third
ed., p. 33.
j quarters]. I.e., of a yard.
taken in sunder with wrests], -Made to unscrew by means o( some sort of
keys that fitted them, probably in order to be more easily cleaned.
So the Pelican lectern in ch. VII. We find references in the Rolls to
the " scouring of the Paschal " after the Dissolution. See Polls,
Index under Paschal.
stooles and funnels]. Stoles anil fanons or maniples.
Crosses to bee borne]. Processional crosses were used from early tin.es. At
first they were simple crosses, then the crucifix was introduced, and
in the 15th century the figures o\ the Blessed Virgin and St. John
were added on brackets. The Evangelistic symbols were placed on
the four ends. The crux magna process ion id is et alia minor pro
mortuis are mentioned among the things required for a parish
church, in Peckham's Constitutions, .\.n. 1 a8o ( Wilkins, II, 4'))- See
also Quivil's, 1287 (Ibid., 138). For processional crosses at Durham,
see Polls, Index under Cross. There was a very fine processional
cross with " Mary and John " at Ripon, in 1466, and there is one with
the same figures (ancient) now at St. Oswald's, Durham (Pipon
Chapter Acts, Surlees Soc, 205, 206, and note).
IV, pp. 10 — 1 1.
the pascatt]. For the great Easter candle that was consecrated on Easter
Even and lighted with the new fire struck from Hint, beryl, or crystal,
and blessed immediately before the blessing o( the candle. On this
202 RITES OF DURHAM.
rite see Pellicia, Polity of the Christian Church, tr. by Bellett, Loud.,
1883, pp. 366 — 369 ; Processionalc ad usum Sarum, Leeds, 1882, pp.
74 — 82 ; Missale Sarum, Sabbato Sancto ; on the Paschal Candle-
stick, Pugin, p. 47. In the ancient churches in Rome, the Paschal
candlestick is a fixture, standing- beside the Gospel ambo, in England
it was commonly moveable, and only brought out for the Easter
season, as at Durham, ch. XI. — Rolls, 715, 720. It is mentioned in
the lists of Church requisites in provincial constitutions, as in
Wilkins, II, 49, 138.
Maundye thursday]. It seems to have been set up on this day, to be ready
for Easter Even.
the first grees or slefip]. Apparently the lowest Altar-step.
j basons of siluer]. Probably those which were presented by Bishop
Pudsey (1153-95), described in Scriptores Tres, p. 11. "Fecit etiam
in ecclesia coram altari tria ex argento baccilia, cum unciis suis
argenteis, cristallis mixtim insertis, dependi, in quibus Iumina die
noctuque perpetuo ardentia, ob venerationem sancti patris Cuthberti
et reliquiarum, lucerent." De Moleon, Voyages lit urgiq ties, Par.,
1718, p. 318, speaking of Rouen, mentions " le Cierge Pascal entre
le tombeau de Charles V. et les trois lampes ou bassins d'argent."
See Rolls, under Basins. For candle-basins at Lincoln, see B. and
W., I, 290, 364; II, 361. There are some excellent representations of
hanging basins with lights burning in them in 13th century windows
at le Mans. See the plates in Hucher, Vitraux Peints, Par., 1865.
For the same at Canterbury see Farrar, Painted Glass in Canterbury
Cathedral, 1897, PI. 27. In the Abingdon Rolls (Camd. Soc), p. 91,
1422-23, we find, " In cereis pro bacinis emptis, ijs." Finally, see L.
and H., 325.
in the midst . . . a nick, etc. J. All this seems to show that at Durham
the Paschal stood, not on the north side, as was usual, but in the
middle, on a wooden platform set with its four corners pointing
N., S., E., and W., the six branches spreading north and south, being
merely ornamental adjuncts to the central branch, which served as
the actual Paschal candlestick in later times. The Durham Paschal
was no doubt originally one of the great seven-branched candlesticks
introduced in the twelfth century as part of the Judaizing movement
of that period. — L. and H., Intr., 45. " The custom at Durham
of using the seven-branched candlestick for the Paschal was
exceptional, and probably of comparatively late date, when the
significance of the candlestick had been forgotten." — L. and H.,
49. There were other examples at Winchester (of silver, given
by Cnut), Canterbury (given by Conrad), St. Augustine's, Canter-
bury, Bury St. Edmunds, Westminster, Lincoln, Hereford, York,
and probably in most if not all great churches. See L. and H.,
47«. Existing examples at Essen and at Brunswick are figured in
Liibke, Ecclesiastical Art, tr. 187 1, pp. 176, 177, and there is a cast
of one at Milan in the South Kensington Museum, which is remark-
ably like the Durham one as described in the text. At Durham
there was "a tunycle (?) of white damask for the Pascall." —
Inventories, Surtees Soc, 137. One of the duties of the Treasurer in
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 203
Cathedrals of the Old Foundation was to provide seven candles tor
the bra/on candelabrum.— B. and \\\, I, 288 ; II, <><>, 07.
Latten\. A kiiul of brass.
///<• 7 candlestick]. The Paschal proper, which held the Paschal candle.
The Sarum Processional of 1517 directs that the latter be 36 feet
long, that is, of course, in Salisbury Cathedral. At Lincoln, c. a.d.
1300, the Paschal candle was to be of three stones of wax. — B. and
W., I, Jqi ; Words W., 204; in 1439-4.! we find tres libras, but dims
pelras interlined. — lb., II, 303. At Westminster in 1558 the I'aschal
was made " the whevth of iij e. of wax." — Machyn, 169. The great
candle was, after Whitsuntide, made into candles for the funerals of
poor people. Wilkins, I, 571, and II, .298. On the Paschal see a
note in Westminster Missal, H. Bradshaw Soc, Fasc. Ill, p. 1511.
tin' lower mi ul t\. The triforium, as above, p. 7, where it is called " the
middle vault " ; here the lower with reference to the vaulting' of the
choir. The candlestick according to this account must have been
about 38 feet high, and the candle with its " Judas " another 30 feet,
nearly 70 in all.
wherein]. That is, in the Paschal, not in the vault.
along peece of wood], A wooden imitation of the lower part of a candle,
called " the Judas of the paschal," a term which has not been very
satisfactorily explained ; it is said that the Paschal candle typifies
Christ, who sprang out of Judas (Judah). The wooden imitations
on which other candles stood were also called "Judases,"
perhaps from their resemblance to the Paschal Judas. See Rock,
IV, 244. "Judases" (once " Jewes light") and " pascall posts'
[i.e., candlesticks) occur in Lincolnshire Inventories (Peacock, C/i.
Furniture, see Index, 5. vz\ ) The candle was carried to be blessed
in has/a quadam (Osmundus de Off. Eccl. in Rock, Vol. IV, after
Index, p. 52). This, however, seems to have been something
different from the Judas ; it is represented in a woodcut in the
Sarum Processional of 1508, Leeds ed., p. 80, as a has/a of wood with
a beast's head at the top ; in the mouth of the beast is fixed the
actual candle.
square taper]. Why square is not evident, but atndeUc mafores quadratic
are mentioned in the Black Book of Lincoln. — B. and W., I, 364. In
the Museum of the Society of Antiquaries at Edinburgh is a small
square taper, entered as a donation in 1782. Nothing is known of
its history. It is in several pieces, which, when put together
properly in line, measure 13 inches. The base is i's in diameter,
and the apex ^. The four sides have floral and other devices in low
relief, including a thistle and a sort of fleur de lys. Candela rotunda
is especially ordered for Candlemas in Westm. Missal (H. Brad-
shaw Soc.) ii, col. (J2i, note.
a fine conueyance through the &H roofs]. Not now to be identified,
V, pp. 11—12.
The Passion], The Durham missal (MS. Harl. 5289) contains rubrics
concerning local usages at Passion-tide. Easter, Candlemas, etc.
See App. No. XI, pp. 172 — 191.
204 KITES OF DURHAM.
inanitions solemne sendee]. That known as " creeping to the Cross," or
"Adoration of the Cross." The Service is contained in Missals and
Processionals under Good Friday.
the passion was snug-]. That according- to Si. John (xviii, xix, 1-37), followed
by the Gospel for the day (xix, 38-42). The Passion was often sung,
as it still is in the Roman rite, by three singers, one taking the
narrative, another the words of Jesus, and a third the words of
others. That according to St. Matthew was sung on Palm Sunday,
St. Mark's on the Tuesday, St. Luke's on the Wednesday, and St.
John's on Good Friday. In some missals the parts are marked by
letters, etc., to indicate the voice for each, or the part to be taken.
In the Sarum missal, ed. Burntisland, it is explained in the rubric
before the Passion for Palm Sunday, that letter a signifies Jews and
Disciples, b Christ, m the Evangelist, and that the voices are alto,
bass, and medins or tenor. The Roman missal has >J< for Jesus, c
for Chronista, and .? for Synagoga. So has a MS. Sarum missal
C. 1320. The Durham Chapter MS. of the Gospels (A. n, 16), which
is supposed to date from about A.D. 700 or earlier, has in all the
four Gospels, in the histories of the Passion, the words of Christ
distinguished by I, and all the rest together under c. This would
seem to be a simpler and earlier arrangement than any of the above ;
the letters are probably not very much later than the original MS.
For other forms, and on the whole subject, see Grove's Dictionary
of Music, s.v. Passion Music.
a goodly large crucifix]. Usually kept within the image of Our Lady of
Bolton (ch. xvi ).
t 'lie picture]. The writer uses the term "picture" for any representation.
See ch. xn, and end of xiv.
St. Cuthberts amies]. See below, in App. I, p. 109.
singinge an Himne]. The stanza Crux fidelis infer 0 nines Arbor una nobilis,
followed by Pange lingua gloriosi Prcelium certaininis, to be found
in most mediaeval Breviaries and Missals. See Hymns A. and M.,
No. 97 ; Diet. Hymnology, 880.
which sepulchre 7vas sett upp in the niominge]. It is clear that they had a
moveable wooden " sepulchre," not a stone structure such as may
be seen in Lincoln Minster and in many other churches. Among the
sacristan's expenses for 1547 we find " in lackettes (tacks to fix up
drapery) to sett vp ye sepulcre, ]d." — Rolls, 728. Nails, tacks, and
pins for the sepulchre are frequently mentioned in the Ludlow Church-
wardens' Accounts. In 1557-58 wainscot was sawn for the sepulchre.
— Rolls, 715. A new one was probably made at this time to take the
place of an earlier one destroyed. In village churches the sepulchres
were often moveable closets of wood, on which were hung
"sepulchre cloths" at Easter-tide. The simplest form of the stone
sepulchre is a recess in the north wall of the chancel in which a
moveable wooden sepulchre could be placed. In the more elaborate
examples we find sculptured representations of the Roman soldiers
guarding the grave, and the figure of Christ rising amid censing
angels. Probably not one old English wooden sepulchre exists.
In Lincolnshire they were broken up and burned, made into
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 205
communion-tables! "a presse to laie clothes therein/' etc( (Peacock,
C/;. Furn., passim). At Winterton "one sepulcre clothe of lynnen"
was sold and defaced (Ibid., i<>s). The modern Roman ceremony
of "the Sepulchre" is quite distinct from the old English rite ; see
Pugin s.v. We do not find tin- sepulchre in the lists o\' necessary
Church furniture, nor is it mentioned in half the parish lists printed
by Peacock. The service connected with it is nevertheless to be
found in the missals and processionals. It took place after Even-
song on Good Friday, when the cross that had been " crept to "
was laid iii the sepulchre together with a consecrated host, there
to remain until Easter morning. See, e.g., Processionale Sarum,
Leeds, 1882, pp. 72, 91 ; Proc. Ebor. in York Manual, etc. ; Suiters
Soc, 163; Martene de Ant. Mon. Pit., lib. Ill, cap. xiv, sect. 48,
and de Ant. Disciplina, cap. xxiii, sect. 27 ; Bloxam, Gothic Archit.,
11th edition, 1882, Vol. II, 98—124 ; Alcuin Club Tracts, I, third ed.,
P- 54-
VI, pp. 12, 13.
The resurrect ion\. The ceremonies here described correspond with the
service provided in the Sarum Processional, but in the York Use
Te Deum was sung' to a joyous chant. Process. Ebor. (Suit. Soc.),
p. 171.
Image of our sauiour\. The form which the pvx took in this case.
Christus resurgens\ Rom. vi, 9, 10. — See Breviarium ad usum Sarum,
In die Sancto Pasche before Matins ; or the Sarum Processional,
y antient gentlemen]. Of the Lord Prior's household. See ch. L, last
section ; Rolls, Intr., p. iii.
tac/ied]. Attached, tacked on, perhaps with taches ; cf. Exod. xxvi, 6,
11, etc. So H. 44, but the editions have " tassell'd," and " tasled,"
which words probably give the right reading.
crossc of Xpall]. A processional cross, perhaps not all of crystal, but
largely ornamented therewith.
holy water font of siluer\. For the sprinkling of holy water during the
procession before the principal mass.
otic of l/ie nouices], Puer qui ad aquam scribitur in tabula. Puer deferens
aquam ; Processionale ad usum Sarum.
VII, pp. 13—14-
.Wmcrics]. There are two large lockers in each of the piers or walls that
connect the Norman choir with the later eastern bay, to the west of
the sedilia, of which there are tour on either side, uniform in
character with the Neville screen. Billings, PI. lv. The doors of
the lockers are modern.
letteron . . . epistle and the gospell\. It is somewhat remarkable if they
sang both the Epistle ami the Gospel on the Gospel side ami from
the same lectern, but perhaps the book was carried away for the
Epistle. Almost universally in Milan, however, they sing the
prophetical lesson, Epistle, and Gospel from the same ambo. At
Durham then' was " a coveryng for the lecteron of white sylke."
— Inventories, Surtees Soc, 138. On lecterns, see Pugin, s.v.
with a gilt pellican on the height \T«pp, II. 45] of it}. These words would
seem to mean that the pelican was on the top of the desk, but as it
206 RITES OF DURHAM.
is said just below that the book lay on the wings, it must have been
constructed in the usual way, and so must the eagle lectern described
in the next paragraph. So again is the Norwich pelican lectern
referred to above, p. 199.
taken in sunder]. Like the candlesticks in ch. in, and probably the
Paschal in ch. IV.
all in kernes]. In harness, i.e., with joints, like armour, " the joints of
the harness."
standiiige in the midst]. In the corresponding situation in Lincoln Minster
is an ancient stone in the floor with the words CANTATE Hie.
tv1' same stood theire, etc.]. Either this lectern was reconstructed or a
different one made in 1586, for we find a voucher dated May 14,
" Payed and geauen vnto Wyll'm Foster of Yorck in rewarde in
considerac'on of his paines in comynge for the makinge of the eagle
for the letterne of brasse in the Quier, xiijs. iiija'. — Rolls, 731. This is
no doubt the lectern referred to in Hegg's Legend of St. Cufhbert,
where he says, " Amongst other Monuments of this church, the
brasen Desk is not the least, which was the joynt guift of a Reverend
Prebend (note, 'Robert Swift Spiritual Chancellor'; he was pre-
bendary 1562-99) of this Abby, and his Sonne, who added the Globe
and the Eagle to that sumptuous Basis and Columne (the guift of his
Father) which was the twelfth part of a great Candlestick found hid
in a Vault." Are we to suppose that the Great Paschal had been
hidden away, and that, when it was found, the twelve prebendaries
divided it among themselves?
Dunbarr /eight]. In which Cromwell routed the Scotch royalists, Sept. 3.
Note that this passage is a later addition.
burned vpp all ve wood worke]. Accordingly, there is no woodwork left that
is earlier than about 1663, and there are several places in the
Cathedral where the stones are reddened by the fires that they made.
They also destroyed the font at this time (Greenwell, 74, note 2),
and " a pair of organs " (below, ch. IX and App. VIII, p. 163). It is
stated below that they were to the number of 4,500 (ch. xix).
Sf Arthure Haslerigg], A sacrilegious Puritan, characterized by an
opponent as having " more will than wit." Under Richard Cromwell
he became one of the most powerful men in England, but soon after
the Restoration he ended his days in the Tower. — Diet. Nat. Biog.,
s.v. Hesilrige.
ye poore prisoners]. See further in ch. IX, XIX.
j . . . siluer basins]. Mentioned above, ch. IV.
VIII, pp. 14 — 16.
Ludovick de Bellomonte]. Lewis de Beaumont, 1318-1333.
a most curious . . . stonn]. The stone remains, and is in two pieces,
measuring together 15 feet 10 inches by 9 feet 7 inches. The
matrices are perfect, but no brass is left. There is a full account of
it, with a reduced facsimile of the stone, in the Proceedings of the
Society of Antiquaries, January 16th, 1890, where also the beautiful
seal of the bishop is figured. A drawing of the stone is preserved
at the Heralds' College. — Raine, Br. Ace, 42.
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 207
his uerses of his breast], The versos " In pectore " given below.
the .s'/ through of marble]. Through is a northern word for a flat tombstone ;
see below, i'l). xxtx, and Durham Church-wardens' Accounts, 1630
and 1682, Surtees Soc, Vol. S4, pp. 185, 250. Brocketl gives
" Thruff Stone " ; A.S. |mu1i, in Runic inscriptions |n*ui, firm. The
term " through stone " as applied to a stone going through the
whole thickness o( a wall is quite distinct.
some of ihr>ii\. The portion containing the date seems to have been lost
when these inscriptions were copied.
Epitaphium eius]. Part of this Epitaph was legible in 1672. — Durham
Notes, in possession of Rev. W. Green well in 1.842, but now lost.
Dapsilis ac hilaris]. The Lanercost Chronicler, speaking of an earlier
Bishop of Durham, Robert cte Insula, 1274-1283, says " vidimus in
vita satis dapsilem et jucundum," and proceeds to give an amusing
account of the way in which he would banish care and delight his
guests by setting two monkeys to fight for almonds.- -Citron, de
Lanercost, Bannatyne Club, Edin., 1839, p. 14.
inimicus semper amaris). This is the reading of the Cosin and H. 44
MSS. and of* Davies, but MS. L., with Hunter's and the later
editions, has " avaris."
liberal ipsitm]. The asterisk, here placed by mistake, belongs to the next
note.
IX, p. 16.
3 pat re of organs]. Note that these three were "belonging to the quire."
For another pair, used at the Jesus mass, see ch. xvn, and for
one in the Galilee, ch. XXII ; Scr. Tres, p. ccexvi. It is perhaps
hardly necessary to point out that "a pair of organs" is what we
now call an organ. A " pair " was formerly a set of any number of
things, thus we used to speak of a pair of vestments, beads, cards,
stairs, etc., and it has only come to usually mean two in modern
times. — See Rolls, 822, 868. Perhaps "an organ" was one "stop"
or rank of pipes, " a pair of organs " two or more. Prior Hugh de
Derlington made " organa grandiora *' in 1264 (Scr. Tres, 46).
Prior Wessington (1416-1446) expended £,26 13s. 4d. in "factura
diversorium parium organorum (Ibid., eclxxiii). For notices of some
later organs see Appendix VIII, and of older ones, Rolls, Index
under Organs.
the leaues]. Folding doors to close the organ in front, such as the old
organs commonly had.
/6yoj. Read 1650.
a letteme of wood]. Probably a simple desk.
the i) lessons]. The writer must be referring to the time after the dissolu-
tion of the monastery, previous to which the three or twelve lessons
of the Benedictine Breviary would be sung. But perhaps he is only
speaking loosely, as a secular might, of a feast day.
the j doctors . . . read]. This expression seems to have come down from
monastic times, and to refer to Sundays and Other festivals, on
which, in the Roman and Benedictine breviaries, the first lesson in
the third nocturn is an exposition of the Gospel lor tin- day, usually,
208 RITES OF DURHAM.
though not invariably, taken from the writings of one or other of the
four doctors named. Thus it would mean on Sundays and other
festivals when not superseded by the first pair of organs. The
expression would hardly apply to the Saruni and York breviaries, in
which a great many of the expositions are from Bede.
the cryers\. Perhaps because of their shrill tones. In a will of 1467 is
mentioned " a small belle called a cryer " (N. E. D., s.v. Crier). The
use of different organs for different days is curious.
the third paire\. For ferial days, for which there is only one nocturn, and
the expositions of the Gospel do not come in. This third organ was
perhaps a moveable one. It was called the "White Organs." See
Appendix VIII, p. 162.
X, pp. 16—17.
an excellent fine booke]. The Liber Vitce, now robbed of its original
binding, among the Cottonian Manuscripts at the British Museum
(Domitian vn). Its contents have been printed in Vol. 13 of the
Surtees Society's series. It was originally prepared so as to admit
the names of benefactors arranged ill classes, as, "Nomina regum
vel ducum," " Nomina reginarum et abbatissarum," etc. But as
unoccupied parchment grew scarcer in the volume, names were
entered in any blank spaces that there were ; there are also some
memoranda, charters, etc. The earliest entries have been referred
10 the ninth century, the latest belong to the sixteenth. It will be
observed that in use and purpose the Liber Vitce corresponded with
the Diptychs of the Primitive Church, and with the tablets in use at
a later period. Thus in 1514 a Table was ordered to be made with
the names of all the brethren and sisters, quick and dead, of the
Guild of the Holy Trinity in St. Mary's church, Leicester, and it was
to stand on the Trinity altar. — Throsby, in North, Chron. of St.
Martin's, 180/;.
which booke\. Namely, that which was published by the Surtees Society
in 1 84 1, as Liber Vitce.
another famous booke]. What has become of this most interesting book is
not known. It may have been that described in Scr. Tres, ccxxviii,
as chained to the high altar in 1433, when it was consulted by Prior
Wessington in the presence of a notary public.
XI, pp. 17 — 18.
porch much was called the Amanchoridge], So, by mistake, in MS. Cosin ;
L., H. 44, and Davies have " Anchoridge," Hunter and Sanderson
" Anchorage." Nothing seems to be known of the Anchorite here
referred to, but Mabillon speaks of recluses dwelling in cells within
monasteries (Ann. Bened. s.a. 916, quoted in Bloxam, Gothic
Archil., 1882, II, 167). Bloxam has collected a great deal of
information on the subject, pp. 163 — 181. The term "porch" was
often applied to a chapel within a church. Thus, in 141 2, we find
the " chappel or porche of owr lady," and in 1492 " a chappel or
porche dedicat vn to Saynt Jamis " (Raine, Catterick Church, 12) ; in
1522, " my Porch of or Ladye " {Durham Wills, II, 105) ; in 1614-15,
then newly built, in great part, " the portch in the North Allye,"
probably a sort of pew (Durham Churcli-wardens' Accounts, Surtees
Soc, vol. 84, p. 167).
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 209
upp (i pain of /aire staires]. This "porch" was evidently such a loft
as those at St. .Milan's ami Christ Church, formerly St. Prideswide's,
Oxford, which are beautiful structures of wood. For St. Albans, see
Carter's /'Inns, etc., 1810, Plan Kj, Plate v, Observations, p. 5; for
Oxford, Murray's Cathedrals, Frontispiece, and p. 22. The term
"porch" was applied to small internal chapels between pillars, as
well as to external ones between buttresses. Some boles in which
ihe limbers oi' this chamber may have boon fixed arc to bo seen,
tilled up with stone, at various heights up to the tops of the columns
that boar the arch leading from the north aisle of the choir to the
Nine Altars. Hut there was once a modern gallery in this same
aisle.— Raine, Br. .la:, 49. On " pair," see above, p. 207.
t lie pa seal i did lye]. Doubtless taken to pieces when put away. See notes
on ch. in, vii, pp. 201, 206.
the children of the aumerie]. Of the Almery or Almonry ; see ch. xi.vm.
to dresse, trim , etc.]. After the Dissolution persons were employed to scour
the Paschal. In Dark. Cat/i. Misc. Cart., Nos. 2751—59, we find,
" 15 Apiilis. In primis for scowryng off the pascal! to Cuthberi
paype ami hys felowe, ijs. . . . Solut. Jacobo Person et Cuthberi o
Jonson pro croccione (polishing- with crocus of iron) Candelabri
Paschalis, cum aliis sibi servientibus feria 4ta ebdomadis Sanctis
Ao 154510 iijs. Vu'yl. — Rolls, 715, 720, 727.
a faire marble stone]. No longer to be found. The bench table in this bay
of the aisle was reconstructed in 1402-3. The riser has a range
of cusped panels, pointed and circular alternately, the latter enclo-
sing twelve shields all bearing Skirlaw's arms, viz. (arg. ) a cross
triple-parted and fretted (sa), otherwise described as " three Rodds
or Spells crosswise, traversed in manner of a Sive or Riddle." —
Origin and Succession of the Bishops of Durham, 1603, in Allan's
Collection of Tracts. For a roll of expenses of the construction and
furnishing of Bishop Skirlaw's chantry chapel, see Rolls, Intr., p. lix.
invyroned ivth Irons]. The holes where these were fixed into the columns
are distinctly visible.
a stall or peive . . for gentlewomen}. Probably the pew where Cosin tried
to make certain gentlewomen stand at the Nicene Creed. — Corresp.,
Surtees Soc, I, 174.
His body was not removed]. It was found in 1848 in a stone grave, encased
in lead, through which appeared " an indication of the right hand in
a state of elevation, holding a pastoral staff, or in the act ot bene-
diction." No internal examination was made, and the body was
buried a few feet further northward, to make room for the organ. —
See Raine, Auckland Castle, 44, 45, and woodcut there ; Durham
Obituary Rolls (Surtees Society), p. xxii/;.
onely the stone]. The stone is now lost.
the song SCOole], Not the original Song-school, which is described in ch.
XXXI, and which was at the south end of the Nine Altars, outside,
but the one in use when this account was written. See ch. xi.ix,
section 4, p. 97.
'4
2IO RITES OF DURHAM.
the segresters exchequer]. The Sacrist's or Sacristan's or Sexton's checker
or office.
a porch adioyninge to the quire}. Another internal chapel constructed of
wood, in the form of a loft or gallery surmounting' the screen at the
entrance of the choir aisle. No stairs are mentioned. There are
holes high up, showing where wood has been let into the columns
and arch.
SI Bendicts altar]. This altar stood in the transeptal chapel adjoining the
aisle.
D/r Swallwell]. Thomas Swallwell is described in 1496 as monachus
gremialis, S.T. B., and chancellor of the church ; at this time, acting
for the Archdeacon of Durham, he offered on the altar of St.
Cuthbert the silver seals of Bishop Sherwood, to be made into a
chalice or two cruets. In 1502 Prior Castell " enucleated " from the
beginning to him and other of the religious the whole history of a
miracle wrought at the shrine. In 1507 he was terrarius or " terrer "
of the house, and took part in a synod held in the Galilee, sede
vacante. In 1519 he was a " doctour," and together with Hugh
Whitehead petitioned Bishop Ruthall for licence to elect a Prior on the
death of Prior Castell. — Scr. Tres, ccclxxxvii, 153, cccciv, ccccxix.
XII, pp. 18 — 19.
a most /aire roocle or picture]. For this use of the term " picture," see Ch.
v, note. Davies says the " Pictures " were " a yard or five quarters
long" ; edition 1672, p. 31.
black J\oode of Scotland]. The silver had no doubt became black by reason
of oxidation ; MSS. L. and C, and Davies, say that the figures
were " all smoaked black over," and the smoke from lights may
have helped to blacken them. See also ch. XV, p. 25, where the silver is
described as " being, as yt weare, smoked all over." But the name
may have been suggested by that of the small cross described in the
next note.
brought out of holy Rood house, etc.]. The great Black Rood with Mary and
John is not to be confounded with the black cross, a palm in length,
that was taken upon the person of King David, as stated in ch. XV,
where the two crosses are kept distinct. Both were taken to the
battle, the smaller one borne probably on his breast, by the king
himself, the larger one by two or three men, and both were won by
the English and taken to Durham Abbey. See note below.
the battaile of Durham], See ch. n, XII, xv.
a deuice or wrest]. A mechanical contrivance. See above, on ch. in, p. 201.
the bt>ps seate]. As the bishops of Durham were Counts Palatine, their
Episcopal throne represents secular as well as spiritual dignity,
and is in a sort of gallery with seats for two persons on either
side of the bishop, whose own seat is under a rich tabernacled
canopy. This canopy forms the central portion of a construction
of panels, niches, mullions, tracery, and canopies, filling up the
whole of the Norman arch under which it stands, and the whole
space between the pillars. "A pair of stairs" leads up to this gallery
at its east end, and the floor is carried over the tomb of Bishop Hatfield
NOTES ON I III-: I EXT. 2 1 I
by an enriched segmental arch. The alabaster figure of the bishop
remains, in a somewhal mutilated condition, lying on a richly
panelled altar-tomb, under very beautiful groining with foliated
bosses. Upon the walls at the ends of the arch, over ihe head and
feet of the effigy, are remains of paintings in which have been
representations of angels. The whole structure has been richly
gilded and coloured, and it still exhibits many shields bearing the
arms of Bishop Hatfield and others. The various parts of the whole
structure show signs of some giving way or shrinking and of
unskilful repairs ; again, the parts are not well fitted, as if it had
been made in whole or in part tor some other situation. There is no
sign of any inscription, but the tomb has a very unfinished appearance
all round the figure, such as cannot have been contemplated in the
original design (Hillings, PI. hi, lvii, lviii). Billings does not
show the remains ot" paintings, only conventional bare wall. But
Carter's drawing (B.M. Add. MSS. 29, 933) shows a figure of Christ
in a red garment with cruciferous nimbus, displaying His wounds ;
on His right below stands an angel censing. Besides his throne in the
choir the Bishop of Durham has his stone chair in the chapter-house,
p. 56, and the first stall in the choir on the right, as having been in
place of an abbot ; the Dean, representing the Prior, has the left-
hand stall. In the Vestry were kept "two cloithes for the bisshoppes
stall one of reid baldking and th'other of reid damask." — Inventories,
Suit. Soc, 139.
all of Alabaster). Not the tomb, only the effigy.
a little altar]. This altar could not have stood at the end of the tomb,
there being no space for it between the pillars. There are, however,
signs of alteration in the choir aisle, namely, the cutting away of
Norman masonry, and perhaps the insertion of an iron grate,
suggesting that the altar may have stood near the S.W. corner of
the tomb. (Billings, PI. lvii, lviii). Or, possibly, the tomb may
have stood more to the south, and have been shifted to its present
position to be more out of the way. See the last note.
the nestrvc). This vestry, a plan of which is given in Carter, PI. ii, was
built by Henry de Luceby, sacrist, before 1300, not "within" the
aisle, but against the outside wall. It was entered from within the
aisle by an inserted doorway, which remains, and had four windows,
(see "Description of the Histories in Glass," in Appendix I, p. 117).
It is somewhat remarkable that our writer has not devoted a separate
section to it and told us more about it. The watching-chamber
at the west end is referred to in the next chapter. The vestry
itself was used by the Minor Canons until 1802, but was suffered to
fall into disrepair, and was finally demolished in that year. — Raine,
Br. Ace, 48. For the writer's use of the word " within " compare the
account of the Sexton's checker, in ch. XI. IX, p. 97. He considered
that buildings abutting on and entered directly from the church were
within it. The position of the vestry was usually, as here, on the
same side of the church as the cloister was. The Inventory of all
the ornaments being within this vestry in [546, as found in six
almeries, " the presse," five chests on the north side and six on the
212 RITES OF DURHAM.
south, is printed in Inventories of Church Goods, Surtees Society,
Vol. 97, pp. 137 — 141. See Rolls, Index under Revestry.
a peculiar altar\. Probably so called because, although within the abbey,
it belonged specially to the bishop, as a church locally situated in
another diocese might do. A reredos of wainscot was made for the
altar in the Revestry in 1557-58. — Rolls, 715. Its situation is shown
in Carter's plan. All large sacristies probably had altars in them,
as they still have in Italy. Mass would be said at them occasionally,
but they were also used for laying out the vestments when a prelate
was being vested solemnly before entering the church. So at
Westminster, " ffyrste the westerer shall lay the abbotes cope
lowest opon the awter wtin the sayd westre." — Registrnm vestibuli,
13S8, in A rchceologia , LII, 213. The Westminster altar was dedicated
in honour of St. Faith, and mural paintings that belonged to it still
remain. St. Andrew's chapel at Canterbury, which was the revestry,
had an altar. For Lincoln, see Wordsw., 231, 299. Many parish
church vestries had altars, some of which remain, e.g., those at
Burford, Oxon., and Warmington, Northants. At Durham it would
seem that the bishop held his ordinations in the revestry so as not to
interfere with the monastic services in the choir.
XIII, pp. 20—22.
The crosse allye]. The area of the central tower, in a line with the
transepts, and formerly separated from the nave by the wall at the
back of the Jesus altar (ch. xvii).
former part\. Foremost, where you first enter. See N. E. D. under Former
+3-
in theire seuerall roomes]. Places, probably niches in '• le Rerdoose ad
ostium chori " made by Prior Wessington (1416-1446) at a cost of
£6g 4s. (Scr. Tres, eclxxiii). For the inscriptions that were under
the figures, see App. IV.
kinges and queenes\. The choir-screen at York has a series of sculptured
figures of the fifteen kings from William the Conqueror to Henry VI.
There is a similar series of kings on the screen at Canterbury, as
was formerly the case at Wells. At Chichester there still remain
paintings representing bishops from the first, and kings from the
Conqueror.
whose names hereafter followeth\. There are considerable discrepancies
among the lists of figures on the screen. The list in the Appendix
IV, p. 137, appears to belong to an earlier set of thirty-two figures,
sixteen kings and sixteen bishops. MS. Cos. contains all the twenty-
eight kings and queens named in MS. H. 45, with six additional
names. If two of these have been repeated by mistake, the number
is reduced to thirty-two, that of the supposed earlier set of figures,
and if the other four names be added to the list in MS. H. 45, we
again have thirty-two, the probable number of the niches in the
screen, two rows of eight on either side of the choir doorway. It is
quite possible that thirty-two kings and queens were at some time
substituted for I he same number of kings and bishops.
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 213
///(• new worie\. The "new work" here meant is the uppermost stage of
the centra] tower, an unsatisfactory excrescence on the beautifully
designed lantern below it, which was nol finished in 14741 " in
defaulte of goods, as God knaweth," wrote Prior Bell in that year.
Nevertheless the belfry stage must have been added nol long after.
Ii commands a very extensive prospect, and can itself be seen from
several points round Durham, rising above the hill-tops that conceal
all the rest of the church. For notices of t lie great tower, see Roils,
Index under Tower.
a Chamber otter the -vest end <>j the s& uestrye\. The arrangements are to
some extent indicated in Carter's plan. This chamber was used as
the singing men's vestry until 1802 (Raine, Br. Arc, 48) J earlier it
served as " the boys' room " (App. IX, p. 1O9).
a chamber in the north a I lye]. This chamber must have been between the
two "porches" mentioned .above (eh. xi), and the upper portion of the
north aisle of the choir must have been almost filled up by the three
wooden structures.
holy water stones]. Frequently mentioned below ; see Index.
before it came to be hallowed]. At the Benedictio salt's et aqua, which took
place every Sunday morning before the procession that preceded
high mass. The office for it is usually inserted at the beginning of
the missals and manuals, but in the Durham MS. Missal (Harl. 5289)
it is at the end. See Rolls, Index under Holy water.
a joure squared stonn . . . in cuerye square]. The writer uses " square "
in an obsolete sense, meaning' "corner" or "angle." On the
cressets (cavities), see note on ch. I, p. 195, and Arch. Journal, xxxix,
39°. 396.
filled with tallow]. See Rolls, 87, where crucibulum is the term used for a
cresset.
one of them was lighted]. That is, probably, one at a time, a fresh one
being lighted as each one burned out, until daylight.
XIV, pp. 22—23.
John Washington]. Otherwise "de Wessington," Prior 1416 144b. He was
one of the most famous of the Priors of Durham, and a handsome pro-
vision or pension, including rooms, etc., at Coldingham, was assigned
to him in 1446. For lists of his compilations and collections of
evidences relating to the church of Durham, ami of the buildings ami
repairs effected by him during his twenty-nine years of office, see
Srr. '/'res, pp. cclxviii-CClxxvi, and for other notices of him, the index
to the same volume, our Appendix, No. Ill, p. 124//., and Rolls, Index
under Wessyngton. The Durham Chapter MS. B. in, 30, is a volume
of collections by Prior Wessington on fifteen different subjects. His
tombstone is lost, as is also the case where no mention is made in
the following notes of any existing stones or portions thereof.
Robert Berington\ Prior \y,\ 1391. A short notice of him will be found
in Will, de l/hambre {Scr. '/'res. 136). Authority for the Priors of
Durham to use the mitre, pastoral stall, and other pontifical insignia,
was obtained from the Pope, ami confirmed by the bishop o(
Durham and the archbishop of York in 138a [Ibid., note).
214 RITES OK DURHAM.
the north plage]. "Inboreali plaga " (Scr. Trcs, 137), in the north region
or quarter, in this ease the transept.
XV, pp. 23 — 29.
yc battel! 0/ Durh'"] The oecasion of this fight was that David II (David
Bruce), king of" Scotland, being in alliance with Philip VI of France,
invaded England in the hope of drawing Edward III away from
his campaign in Philip's country. But the Archbishop of York and
the heads of the great houses of the North mustered their forces and
met David and his army between Beaurepaire (now Bearpark) and
Durham. After a fierce conflict, the Scotch army was totally routed,
and David taken prisoner. Tradition points to " King David's
Bridge," over the Browney, near Aldin Grange, as the place where
he was taken.
wthin ye corporax\. " Corporax " here means the Corporas-case used to
contain and protect the corporal or corporas itself, i.e., the linen
cloth used in the consecration of the elements. It was called the
corporal because the Sacrament of the Body of Christ was originally
consecrated on it, not on a paten. And De Moleon states that the
corporal was used to cover the chalice in the great churches of
France, as late as the seventeenth century. — Voyages liturgiques,
Paris, 1 7 18, pp. 57, 198, 286. Corporas cases were often richly
embroidered. See Pugin, s.v.
ye Readhillcs\. Called Red Hills in the editions of 1672, etc., as at present.
They are the high grounds to the west of the city of Durham, where
the railway passes through them by a deep cutting. The name is
probably derived from the colour of the soil, which is somewhat
reddish.
prostrating themselves in praier\. Knighton states that some also watched
the battle from the campanile of the Church (not the present Lantern,
which was not built till some years later, but its predecessor,
or else one of the western towers), " Monachi existentes in campanili
Eeclesiag suae et videntes fugientes Scotos, levaverunt vocem
nubesque repleverunt sonitu clamoris, clamantes et Deum laudantes,
flebilibusque lacrimis pra? gaudio dicentes, Te Deum laudamus,
quam vocem Angli audierunt ac si a tergo eorum prope adessent,
et fortiorem audaciam in Deo inde sumentes inimicos acrius insecuti
sunt et fortius eos protriverunt. Nam monachi Dunelmcnses finem
fecerant cum Scotis pro se et maneriis suis et suis tenentibus in patria
in crastino sequenti pro mille libris solvendis absque ulteriori mora,
el sic liberati sunt ab ipso jugo." — Scriptores Decern, Lond., 1652, col.
2590.
the said bat tell ended]. In some of the accounts there is mention of a hill
called Findon, a well-marked elevated spot three miles north-west of
Durham, overlooking the village of Sacriston in the line of the road,
and the valley of the Browney, in which Bearpark is situated, to the
left. Prior Fossor wrote to Bishop Hatfield that it was rightly
named, "a quodam praesagio . . . quasi finem dans, vel finem
dandus," as putting an end to the long and miserable strife between
the English and the Scotch. — Scr. Tres, p. ccccxxxv ; Durham
Wills, I, 29, 30.
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 2I5
victorit atchtved that daic\. The principal authorities on the Battle of
Durham or of Neville's Cross are Chron. Lanercost, 346, etc. ; Minot's
Latin poem, in Hall's edition, Oxf., 1887, p. 10S ; Fordun, Scoti-
chronicon, lib. XIV, ii— iv, and two letters from Prior Fossor t<>
Bishop Hatfield, in Scr. Tres, App., Nos. cccxxxvi, ccexxxvii. For
modern accounts, see Archaologia .Kliana, n.s., I, 271 ; Fasti Ebor.,
440; Boyle's Durham, y$i. It is sometimes said thai Bishop
Hatfield was present at the battle, but his presence is not mentioned
in any of the early accounts, and indeed Prior Fossor's second
letter gives a description of the battle as from an eye-witness to one
who was absent.
holie rudehouse]. The abbey of Holyrood, which frequently accommodated
the Scottish court before a distinct palace was added in the sixteenth
century. — Daniel Wilson, Memorials of Edinburgh, Edinb., 1848, pp.
-5. 403- 4' °-
■wch crosse . . . is recorded, etc.]. This legend of the wild hart properly
belongs not to David II, but to David I (1124-1153), the son of
St. Margaret, and himself accounted a saint.
ye Rude well]. By the " Queen's Drive,'' at the foot of Salisbury Crags,
about a quarter of a mile to the S.E. of Holyrood Palace, is a well that
was known of old as St. David's or the Rood Well. The ancient well-
house of St. Margaret's well at Restalrig in the same neighbourhood,
which would otherwise have been destroyed by the North British
Railway Company, was some years ago removed and erected over
the Rood Well, which is now commonly called " St. Margaret's
Well." — See Proc, Soc. Ant. Scot., Vols. II, 143, III, 365, for accounts
of the wells, with excellent illustrations, also Old and New Edinburgh
by James Grant, Vol. Ill, pp. 129, 130, and D. Wilson, Mem. of
Edinb., p. 399.
his own captivitie]. He was first taken to Ogle Castle to recover of his
wounds, and then confined for a long time in London. It is said that
after that he was kept in Nottingham Castle, and that he carved on
the rocky side of his prison the whole story of Our Lord's Passion
(D. Wilson, Mem. of Edinb., p. 9). His conduct shortly before and
at the battle of Durham is reported to have been that of a most
ungodly man, but his thoughts may afterwards have been directed
to better things.
lost ye saide crosse w'Ji was laiken vpon him]. The " Holy Cross" mentioned
.above in this same chapter, being the smaller of the two Black
Roods, the Nigra crux of earlier writers. Nothing is more likely
than that David would carry the smaller one, which was but a palm in
length, and had been used by St. Margaret and by David I on their
deathbeds. It was an heirloom greatly venerated, and in course ol
time became connected with the legend of the wild hart related in
ch. XV. In the Life of Queen Margaret (Surtees Symeon, p. 252,
also in Pinkerton's Scottish Saints), wo read " Ipsa quoque illam,
quam Nigram Crucem [Crucem Scotia nigram, MS. Tiberius E. 1,
i86<f) uominare, quamque in maxima semper veneratione habere
consuevit, sibi afferi prsecepit," etc. In that of David I by Bald red,
Ethelred, or Aelred of Rievaulx (Fordun, Scotichron., lib. V. cap. Iv ;
2l6 RITES OF DURHAM.
Scrip/ores Decern , col. 349) the cross, " quam nigram vocant," is tlnis
described, " Est autem crux ilia, longiludinem habens palmse, de
auro purissimo, opere mirabili fabricata, quae in modum techae
clauditur et uperitur. Cernitur in ea quaedam Dominican crucis
portio, sicut saepe multorum argumento miraculorum probatum est,
Salvatoris nostri imaginem habens de ebore decentissime sculptam,
et aureis distinctionibus mirabiliter decoratam. Hanc religiosa
regina Margareta, hujus regis mater, qua; de semine imperatorum et
regum Hungarorum el Anglorum extitit oriunda, allatam in Scotia,
quasi munus haereditarium transmisit ad filios. Hanc igitur crucem,
omni Scotorum genti non minus terribilem, quam amabilem, cum
rex devotissime adorasset, cum multis lacrymis, peccatorum con-
fessione prasmissa, exitum suum ccelestium mysteriorum perceptione
munivit." There was a cross, probably this one, that was sometimes
called St. Margaret's Cross. See ch. LV, and Rolls, 426. Why this
smaller cross is described as black does not appear. Perhaps the
portion of the True Cross was enclosed in a black cross, and that
again in a gold case, which, again, may have been at some time
enclosed within the great Black Rood. But in 1383 it was kept with
some other crosses, etc., in a place of honour among the relics. —
Rolls, 426. At Abingdon there was a " nigra crux " believed to have
been made in great part "ex clavis Domini." — Mon. Angl. (1682), I,
97. 99-
noblemens aunncientes, etc.]. See ch. n, XL1X.
pippes of siluer]. These, being fitted together end to end, would combine
strength with lightness ; the lowest portion of the staff seems to have
been of wood. See further in ch. XLIX (Dane William Watson, p. 94).
At Doncaster were " i j coper crosses" and " pypes belongyng to
them." — Inventories, Surt. Soc, 104.
fyve yerdes longe]. On the contrivances for lifting it up and down and
holding it up, see ch. XLix, p. 96.
a wand of siluer]. A cross-bar to carry the banner.
maid fast]. I.e., bound round so that it would not fray out.
sackring belles]. Little handbells rung at the Tersanctus, and at the sacring
or consecration of the elements in the mass, also before the Host
when carried in procession, or for the communion of the sick.
( never) caryed or shewed at any battell, but, etc.]. Provost Consitt (Life of St.
Cuthbert, p. 215) repeats this statement, but then goes on to say that
it was carried for the last time " in the glorious but ill-fated "
Pilgrimage of Grace in 1556. The banner appears to have been
injured by rioters in 1536-37. The Feretrar's Roll of 1537-38 mentions
55. " pro emendaeione vexilli Sci Cuthberti per communes Dunelm.
fracti." — Rolls, 483.
Deane Whittingham\. William Whittingbarn, the puritan dean of Durham,
was educated at Oxford, and in May, 1550, travelled to Orleans,
where he married a sister of John Calvin. He returned to England,
but fled when Queen Maiy succeeded, and joined the Puritan
congregation at Geneva. Here he was made a minister in some
Genevan form, succeeded John Knox, took a leading part in the
translation of the Genevan Bible, and turned into English metre the
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 21 7
psalms, ell'., marked "W. \V." in Sternbold and Hopkins's collection.
He returned again under Elizabeth, and in 1563 was placed in the
deanery of Durham, which he held for sixteen years. I lis death put
an end to a long dispute whether he could hold the deanery, having
been ordained only at Geneva. He was buried in Durham Cathedral,
with a monumental inscription thai was afterwards destroyed.
Browne Willis remarks thai "his Monument, soon after the erecting
of it, met with ihe same Pate as he had treated others. Oi\ it was
this Inscription : In obitum doctissimi viri Gulielmi Whittinghanti
Decani olim Dunelmensis, Mariti Catherines Sororis Johannis Calvini
Theologi, qui obiit Anno 1 57<>." Some Latin verses follow.—
Cathedrals, I, 253. There is a Life of him, copiously annotated, and
with valuable1 appendixes, in Camden Miscellanies, VI.
did most iniuriously burne, etc.]. It had been supposed that the banner
would not only put a check upon fire, but could not be consumed
thereby. — Regin. Dunettn., cap. 39.
Xcivelles Crosse]. The " sockett " is all that remains ; it has recently been
removed 10 a new mound some yards distant from the old site.
An old milestone stands where "the stalke " has been. Dr. Raine
stales that documents in the Treasury refer to an earlier Neville's
Cross in the same place. — St. Cutkb., 106. But he gives no
references.
y Ncvcllcs crosse]. The well-known saltire in the arms of Neville {gu. a
saltire arg.).
pictures of ye j evangel istes]. The usual symbols of the Four Evangelists
are still to be seen on the four corners of the socket-stone ; perhaps
there were statues standing- over these, round the octagonal shaft.
ye Bulls head}. The Neville badge and crest.
the Read hilles]. See note above, p. 214.
ye flashe\. A hollow about half a mile in length, still called the Flass Bog,
although it has been drained and is partly under cultivation and
partly built over. It is crossed by the railway viaduct, some of the
piers of which had to be built on piles, ami it runs down eastward
from the top of the Red Hills. Its name survives in " Flass Street "
and " Flass Well." For " Flash," a pool or marshy place, see
N. E. D.
north Chilton fioole]. Not identified, but it was probably a dam on the Mill
Burn, in connexion with the old " Clokmylne," in Millburngate. See
Rolls, 905.
ye mavdes bower]. In the south side of the Flass Hoy; there runs (.town
northward a tongue of comparatively elevated ground at the end of
which has been thrown up an artificial hillock, still known as
" Maiden's Bower." On places thus designated see Memorials of
St. Giles's (Surtees Soc), Intr., x-xiv.
where y* said prior, etc.]. This passage is very obscure as it stands here,
but it is made clearer in Davies by the insertion of "there" before
" was erected."
a /aire crosse of Wood], This cross appears io have been set up on the top
iil the above-mentioned hillock, where now a tree has been planted.
2l8 RITES OF DURHAM.
Beareparke]. The present name of the manor of Beaurepaire, on the river
Browney, about 2% miles N.W. of Durham. The Priors liad a
country residence and park there ; the latter was ravaged by David
Bruce the day before the battle of Neville's Cross. Some small
portions of the buildings are yet standing. Considerable remains
are shown in the Kaye Collection of drawings at the British Museum,
Vol. II, Nos. 83 — 95 ; in Hutchinson's Durham, II, 338 ; and in
Grose, Antiquities, Vol. V, 1777, under Durham. See Rolls, under
Beaurepaire.
at the /bote of 'ye said crosse]. Whichever way the)- went, they would have
to make some little digression to reach the cross, if it was, as is
supposed, on the hillock called Maiden's Bower.
John Fossour], Or Forcer, Prior 1 341-1374. Of a family that had pro-
perty at Thockerington in Northumberland. He died at the Prior's
manor of Beaurepaire, at the age of ninety, in 1374, and his body
was stitched up in the hide of an ox, which cost, including the wages
of the artificer employed, five shillings. — Rolls, p. 581. In 1729, his
grave was opened, and the hide found to be tolerably fresh, but the
body was much decayed. Prior Fossor made the west window of
the nave and the great north window of the transept ; he also
expended large sums in the binding and repairing of the Church
missals, etc., and in altar-plate, vestments, and images, as well as on
the kitchen and other monastic buildings outside the church. — -Will.
de Chainbre in Scr. Tres, p. 130 — 134, and Index ; Ibid., App. p. cxli ;
Raine, Br. Ace, 34 ; St. Cuthb., lion. ; Rolls, Index under Fossour.
the first, etc.]. See ch. XV, XXV.
the Centorie garth]. The Cemetery, frequently referred to. See Index,
and Rolls, Index under Cemetery, and Centry.
XVI, pp. 30—32.
The South Alley of ye Lantern], It is a little remarkable that we have here
no reference to the fire-place mentioned in a note on Singing breads,
above p. 194. It very likely fell into disuse and was walled up before
Rites was written ; it so continued until 1901, when it was opened
out. The square recess now made over the fire-place is of doubtful
authority. There appeared to be some indications of there having
been such a recess, and so it was left open. Such fire-places may
have been used not only for heating obley-irons, but for supplying
burning charcoal for the censers, warming the water for washing
the altars and for the washing of feet at the Maundy, for heating the
" pomes " or calefactories used to warm the priests' hands, etc. —
Cf. Wordsw., 300. There are fireplaces in the south transepts at
Lincoln and at Hereford, the latter, like the Durham one, inserted in
an earlier wall of the Norman period. The Lincoln example, which is
in an internal vestry of the same date as the transept, makes it
seem not unlikely that at Durham and at Hereford internal vestries
have sometime been constructed and provided with fire-places, and
that when more commodious vestries were made outside, the internal
ones were swept away, their fire-places only remaining, blocked up
or left open.
NOTES OX THE TEXT. 219
Johne Hemmyngbrowgke\. Prior 1391 1416. " Obiit anno Domini 1416,
el jacet sepultus sub lapide tnarmoreo, curiosoi el sumptuoso,
imaginibus circumspicuo, ad australem plagam ecclesiae Dunelmensis
;i dextra parti- inter eundum ad revest erium. Ejus Epitaphium.
Ecce marmoreus lapis hie tegit ossa Johannis | Quern residere Deus
ccelis cunctis det i n annis | Hemtningbroughe natus fuil hie el
honorificatus ' sede prioratus virtute probus monachatus | Qui legis
haec pro me Pater mium supplico prome | Adjungas et ave Deus ul
me liberet a vae | ' (W. de Chambre in Scr. Tres, 145, see also
Index ; Burton ami Raine, Hemingbrough, 163).
Howghels Alter], So called, probably, From some portion of the estate of
tin- Prior and Convent at Houghal, near Durham, having1 been
appropriated tor its maintenance.
William Ebchester]. Prior 1446 -1456. "Doctor in Theologia . . .
sepultus jacet sub lapide marmoreo in australi parte ecclesiae
Dunelmensis, coram altare Dominae de Boultoun. Ejus Epitaphium.
En tegit haec petra venerabilis ossa Wilhelmi Ebchester justos
consumit terra sepultos | Ingenio prsegnans fuerat ccelestia pandens |
CEconomus verbi fidelis dogmata sacri j Egenti largus sitienti pocula
prsebens Nudatis vestes peregrinis hospes amcenus Rexerat
ecciesiam prudenter jure Prioris | Accumulans praamiis eandeni valde
decoris | Naturae cessit post partvim virginis anno | Mille cccc quin-
gento [sic) adjuncto postea sexto | Corpore defuncto ejus in saecula
virtus j Durabit svi[)eris oblatio maxima divis | Australi ecclesiae suh
marmore parte sepultus j Cum Christo dormit, vivit regnatque
beatus | Pro quo metra legis haec qui ora mente tideli | Ut sit semper
ovans cum Sanctis culmine coeli | " (Chambre, 147 and Index). For
the principal events of his life see Durham Obituary Rolls (Surtees
Soc. ), Prefi vii ;/.
the Ladie of Boultons alter]. Probably maintained out of the estate of the
Prior and Convent at Bolton in the parish of Edlingham, in Northum-
berland.
the Immage of our saviour]. Rather, doubtless, of the Eternal Father.
euery good fridaie\. See above, ch. v.
in under]. Still a local expression, sometimes in the form "in and under" ;
see paragraph on a Loft, ch. xvn, p. 34.
Robert Ebchester]. Prior 1478-1484. " Doctor in Theologia . . . Hie jacet
sepultus sub lapide marmoreo, in quo ceelatur ipsius in a;re imago ;
ubi subscribitur tale epitaphium, ad australem plagam ecclesiae,
inter eundum ad revesterium in dextra parte. Epitaphium. Mar-
more Robertas jacet hie sub jure disertus Ebchester certus sihi sit
Deus ipse misertus Extiterat castas corpus prior hie probitatis |
Doctus non fastus studio fungens veritatis | Largus amans hilaris
siibjecit dogmata pandens Sacra suis ineritis virtutum carmina
clangens Die Pater inter Ave cum Credo postulo pro se Christo
sicque vale repetens mea metrica juste I Mille cccc quaterno L ter
deno quoque quarto | vertilur hoc ssecla Christo regnare periclo | " —
Chambre, 141).
220 RITES OF DURHAM.
a Lybrarie]. Now the Song' School. It was buill by Prior Wessington
(1416 1446), and the books were gradually removed into it from the
various places in which they had been kept before. See Catalogi
Veteres, Suit. Soc, Vol. 7, p. ix.
the Clocke], Originally placed behind the Rood-loft, ch. XVII. The case
was made by Prior Castell (1494-1519) and contained much of his
work, with additions by Dean Hunt (1632). It was a fine and stately
work, and to any who now see the representation of it in Billings,
PI. L, it will seem almost incredible that it was wantonly destroyed
not long after the date of Billings's work (1843). " It was, till lately,
surrounded with railing, and its panelled doors contained a per-
spective view of the interior of the church, which is recollected not
only as a curious specimen of the art of painting of that period (1632),
but also as affording interesting information relative to the fabric
itself."--Raine, Br. Ace, 29.
well Replenished], No less than eleven ancient catalogues and lists of the
books, from the 12th century downwards, are printed in Catalogi
Veteres, together with an Appendix of illustrative documents.
Wyndowe of the iiij Docters], This window has been filled with modern
glass intended to represent the original as here described. In Scr.
Tres, 153, the inscription is said to have been, "Virgo tuum natum
fac nobis propitiatum."
Te dcuin wyndowe]. Two or three of the tracery lights contained their
original glass when this window was filled with the present Te Deuin
glass, and these lights have been included in the new glazing.
nyne order of Angells]. The three orders not named here are Principalities,
Powers, Virtues.
xvii, pp. 32—35-
Jh'its mess]. In a Sacrist's Roll of 1535-6, Rolls, 418, we find 46s. 8d. from
certain lands assigned " Officio Sacristan pro celebracione missse et
antiphonai de Jhu coram magno Crucifixo singulis diebus veneris."
This is not mentioned in the next preceding extant roll, that of 1486-7.
The Jesus mass was in general the mass Nominis Jcsu (Missale
Sarum, Burnt isl., 846). Rarely, perhaps, that De Quinque Vulncri-
bus. Ibid., 751*, or that De Sancta Cruce, Ibid., 748*. At Lincoln there
was, c. 1520-36, a " Jhesus mass" with organ accompaniment. —
Maddison, Vicars Choral, pp. 24, 45. Bp. Smyth's will (1514)
provided for the Missa de Nomine Jesu, or else one de quinque
Vidneribus, to be sung on Fridays before a crucifix on the south side
of the church, cum nota. — B. and W., II, lxxii n. ; Lincoln Dioc.
Mag., XI, 74; Rolls, 418, 419. Dean Heywood, of Lichfield (1457-
1492), provided for a Jesus mass and antiphon (tarn missam quam
antiphonam nominis Jesu) ever)' Friday. — Archceologia, LII, 632. The
Jesus altar and Jesus mass are often mentioned in Sandwich Wills,
and there were " Wardens of Ihc Masse " at Reading. See N. E. D.,
under "Jesus," and "I.H.S.," and a valuable communication by
Mr. Culhberl Atchley in All Saints' Clifton Par. Mag., Dec. 1901, on
"Jesus-Mass and Jesus-Anthem."
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 22 1
a /aire high stent watt]. This would occupy the whole sprue between the
two columns ; its sculptured ornamentation (see below) would fill up
tlio west side of it. No certain indications ol the wall are now to be
seen. Such a screen still remains al St. Albans.
i"' two Roode Dores], Similar to those in the Neville Screen, and at St.
Albans, etc., and see ch. II, p. 6.
like vnto a porch]. I.e., an internal structure of wood such as those
described in ch. xi.
sewtes of vesttnentes]. A suit of vestments was often called a Vestment, and
it consisted of albe, girdle, amice, fanon, stole, ami chasuble. Some-
times it included the dalmatic and lunicle for the deacon ami
sub-deacon, ami a cope tor the priest in the procession.
a moste curiouse £~ fine table]. What is now called a triptych ; see the next
sentence.
two brode leves\. Together forming the whole west side of the " porch " or
chapel ; " fore part " here seems to mean the part at which you first
arrive, not the most " forward " or eastern part.
/rone pikes]. Spikes were used in the same way for the Trellis-door, ch.
XIX.
Marie on thane syde, etc.]. Mary on the right or north side of the figure on
the Rood, and John on the left. The addition of figures of Angels
and Archangels to the Rood group was common in large and
well-appointed churches. Alcuin Club Tracts, I, third ed., p. 45.
one of ye goodliest monumtes]. Over the chancel arch of Brancepeth
Church is fixed a coved canopy consisting of twenty-seven square
compartments, each occupied by elaborate geometrical tracery, and
no two alike. An illustrated monograph on these was published by
Billings. There is also at Brancepeth another coved and panelled
canopy with the instruments of the Passion, the Bull's head of Neville,
and other heraldic devices. It has been conjectured that both the
above may have been rescued from the general havoc by George
Cliffe, one of the last monks of Durham, who became a prebendary
and was afterwards rector of Brancepeth. The former one may
have belonged to the Jesus Altar.
a Loft]. The Rood-loft, in fact. There was also an organ-loft with a
singers' desk on the north side ; see below, under Thomas Castell.
ye clocke}. Removed to the south end of the transept when the Rood-loft
was destroyed, and in its turn destroyed as related above, ch. XVI, note.
where men dyd sytt]. Laymen probably, who may have frequented the
church, or perhaps infirm monks. Compare the Cistercian Retro-
chorus described in Hope's Fountains, 38. See note on "a lair long
form " below, notes on eh. xxxvu.
Jesus anthem]. See note on Jesus Mass, p. 220. The "Jesus Anthem"
was a very favourite devotion in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries,
and we often meet with it, as here, in connexion with the "Jesus
mass," as being sung every Friday, e.g. , at Bristol, Middleham,
Lichfield, London, Salisbury, etc. At Lichfield, and probably
everywhere, it was sung after compline on Fridays, as was Salve
Regina at other times. See below, on ch. XI. in. One name o( this
222 RITES OF DURHAM.
anthem, " Salve of Jesus," seems to have been derived from its being
an adaptation of the much earlier Salve Regina, known as "the Salve."
It is probably to be identified with the Salve Rex, English versions of
which may be seen in Burton's Three Primers, 1834, pp. 115, 367 ;
Latin and English in All Saints' Clifton Par. Mag., Dec. 1901, 247 —
249, from Primers of 1542 and 1555.
Gallelei Belles]. See ch. xix.
Thomas Castell], Prior 1494-1519. In his time, viz., in July, 1502,
Richard Pooell, a courtier of Henry VII, was believed to be cured of
a terrible rupture, at the shrine of St. Cuthbert. He (Castell) built
the present west gateway of the Abbe)', with St. Helen's Chapel
over it, and a priest's chamber. Here two priests administered the
Holy Eucharist to all lay-folk who had made their confessions. He
also repaired the window of the Four Doctors (ch. XVI) and bought
two mills called the Jesus mills, which he gave to the church of
Durham that he might be remembered in the Jesus mass. " Quo
coram altari sepultus jacet in nave ecclesiae Dunelmensis, sub
marmore cum ipsius imagine in aere cum isto epitaphio ; Mortuus
hoc tumulo Thomas sub marmore duro | Castellus recubat pietatis
turris ahena | In litteris doctor divinis munere Prior | Moribus
excomptis et miti pectore charus | Statura mediocris erat virtute
procerus | Dapsilis hospitibus structuris turn probe notus | Pauperibus
laxo przebebat munera sinu | Nulli clausa bono sua janua mensa
crumena | Suppliciter pro se dicito Credo Pater Ave | Qui legis haec
quo sit ccelesti civis in aede | " — (Chambre in Scr. Tres, 152).
a loo ft . . . contevninge a paire of orgaines\. Not "belonging to the
quire " (see p. 207), but specially provided and placed for the Jesus
mass and anthem.
Johane Awckland], Prior 1484-1494. " Doctor in Theologia . . . Obiit
A.D. 1494 et sepultus jacet in ecclesia Dunelmensi " (Chambre in
Scr. Tres, 150).
Johan Burrnbie]. Prior 1456-1464. He was elected Prior in 1456 on the
resignation oi Prior W. Ebchester, having been Warden of Durham
College, Oxford, and S.T.P. For a most interesting account of his
family history and his life, see the Preface to the Durham Obituary
Rolls, Surtees Soc, Vol. 31.
his verces, etc.]. The epitaph has not been preserved, but the supposed
stone is at present to be seen in the floor under the fifth arch from
the west on the south side, not in its original place. It bears
matrices of a small demi-figure with mitre and crosier, and of a large
inscription-plate.
a Rowc ofbleive marble]. The row of stones forming the cross of Frosterley
marble, called in the table of contents of MS. C. "ye blew Crosse," is
still to be seen in the floor between the two pillars next to the north
door. The southern arm is about ir^ feet long by 1 foot across,
the northern arm about 9 ft. 11 in. by 1 foot, and the "cross" or
cross-piece 2 ft. 10 in. by 9^ in. Each of the long arms is in four
pieces. For the sense of "cross" in line 5 ( = " cross-piece ") see
N. E. D. under Cross, sb. II, 14.
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 223
XVIII, pp. 35—37*
The causes wherfore, etc.]. Chapter win is a digression occasioned by the
mention of the marble cross. The real reason for the exclusion of
women is probably to be found in some disorders in the double
monastery at Coldingham, where there were both monks and nuns
(Symeon, Hist, Eccl. Duneltn., II, 7). This is the only reason
assigned in the English Metrical Life of St. Cuthbert, c, 1450 (Surtees
Soc.i Vol. 87, pp. 208 — 210). See further in note on ch. xxn.
Women would, however, have been excluded by the ordinary
monastic rules, independently of any special reasons such as were
supposed to exist at Durham. The legend of the king's daughter is
here translated from ch. xxvn of the Irish I. thelitis de orttt S. Cuihb.
(in Misc. Biog., Surtees Soc, Vol. 8, p. 83). And from the time that
the legend was promulgated, those who accepted it naturally
connected it, as the writer here does, with the exclusion of women
from St. Cuthbert's churches. It would gain much currency from
being admitted into the Life of St. Cuthbert in the Nova Legenda
{Qxf. ed., I, 217). Legends of a similar kind are of constant
occurrence in hagiology.
of ?««"// bookes there is one Intituled, etc.]. The Editor is not aware that any
such book now exists.
borders of ye Pictes]. So the Libelltts, but Bede does not take him further
north than Old Melrose.
Conueti]. Locus ille adhuc Corruen dicitur. — Libellus. Not identified, so
far. Carham has been suggested.
wlierevpon it came, etc.]. This is part of the Irish storv, which probably
dales from the twelfth century, in its present form.
XIX, p. 37—40.
a trellesdonre\. The holes for the two cross-pieces that supported the
trellis are distinctly visible in the columns.
Iron pikes\. See ch. xvn.
HaUewater stones]. The base of the column next to the north door is cut
away to make room for the holy-water stone that was there placed :
no other indications of it remain.
yr Lady oj Pieties alter]. Our Lady of Piety or Pity, that is, the Virgin
.Mother supporting the Dead Christ on her knees, the Madonna delta
Pieta of Italian art, was a favourite object of devotion, and in
Durham there was another altar in the Galilee, under the same
dedication. The west side of the column mentioned in the last note
has been cut away as if to make room for a reredos of considerable
height ; it has been " restored " with new stone in recent times.
There are no other indications of the altar. The designation " Our
Lady of Piety " Or " Pity," occurs three times in Rites. The Roll
has " Pieties' in all cases, but altered to " Pitties " in two of them.
MS. Cosin has •• Pitties," with " Pietties" in the margin, " Pieties,"
and " Pitties." All the other MSS. and editions have some form of
" Pitties " in all cases, except L., which has " Pieties " once. It
may here be noted that the " vmage of pite " inserted in the British
224 RITES OF DURHAM.
Museum copy of Caxton's Pie, c. 1487, and elsewhere, is a different
thing, and represents our Lord with the marks of His Passion as in
the " Mass of St. Gregory."
a verie fair skreene, etc. J. These words appear to relate to the altar, not to
the holy-water stone.
one of ye Mounckes did hallow, etc.]. The " Ordo ad faciendam aquam
benedictam " may be seen in the manuals, and is often prefixed to
missals. It is also called " Benedictio salis et aquae." — See Rolls,
Index under Holy Water, and Scallop.
the other stood, etc.]. This paragraph should be read with the concluding
portion of the middle paragraph in ch. XX. Just at the junction of
the aisle with the transept there is what looks like the lowest piece
of a moulded base of " blue " marble, but it seems hardly large
enough for the basin here described, nor again is it " at " or " close
within " the south door.
or Lady 0/ pieties alter]. Mentioned a little above, where see note. The
two corners of the base of the column opposite to the site of this
altar have been cut off, possibly in order to set up the wainscot
inclosure, which would doubtless occupy the whole space between
two pillars, and form a " porch " or chapel.
Sancte saviours alter}. A modern tomb now occupies its site, but the
remaining corner here described is still to be seen, broken off flush
with the wall.
the galleley steple}. The N.W. tower, which does not now contain any
bells.
or at such other tymes\. This reads as if the Bishop usually came for the
principal feasts. The bells are still rung when the Bishop conies
for any special purpose, such as an Ordination or Confirmation.
Euery sonnday]. Every holy day and Sunday according to ch. XXII, p. 46,
where the " faire iron pulpitt " is described.
roung y<- forth quarter]. " Roung " means not merely tolled or knolled, as
for the first three quarters, but " rung up," that is, made to swing up
a good height at each pull. In tolling, as here understood, the bell
only swings so far as just to meet the clapper, and so in chiming.
certaine officers, etc.]. The bells were not rung in peal, as in later times,
but either separately for different purposes, or two or more together
without any regular sequence, as still in France. It required more
than one man to ring a heavy bell, and so they had " imps " or
smaller ropes attached to the main rope, as also now in England
for "raising" heavy bells. It will be observed that three of the
bells had two, four, and six men charged with the ringing of them,
according to the size of each bell.
in y latter dayes of kyng Henrie the eighte]. In 1540. The smaller
monastic houses had been suppressed in 1536.
occupied}. Made use of ; an archaism, as in " Occupy till I come."
Tho. Sparke}. He was of Durham College, Oxford, and took his B.D.
degree in 1528, being then prior of Lindisfarne. In 1529 he came to
the Abbey of Durham, and was Chamberlain at the Dissolution. In
1537 he was consecrated bishop suffragan of Berwick. In 1541 he
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 225
became the Brsl prebendary of the third stall in Durham and Master
ofGreatham Hospital, and in 1547 rector of Wolsingham. He died
in 1571, holding all these preferments, and leaving behind bim "a
myter sett withe stonis and perle silwr tv gilt " valued at 13/. 65. 8d.
— Scriptores Tres, 156 ; Durham Wills and lnv.t I, 380, and note.
synce y* was suspent]. The use of it suspended, i.e. at the suppression of
the monastery.
a goodly chyme]. Nolo that it was only on three bells, so that it could
hardly have boon for tunes. Perhaps it was a chiming apparatus by
means of which the " rounds," or, the six changes possible on three
bells, could bo produced. A large chime-barrel, which had long
remained disused in the Lantern, was brought down a few years ago,
and, after lying for some time in the workmen's yard, was broken
up. This, however, appeared, from the great number of iron pegs
that it bore, to have belonged to apparatus more recent and
elaborate than that of Bishop Sparke would be. Chimes for tunes
had been in use for some time. There is a contract for a chime at
Gloucester to play Chris/c Redemptor and Chorus Nova Jerusalem ,
dated 16th July, 1525. Hist., etc., Monasterii S. Petri Gloucestrice
(Rolls Series), III, Intr. ex.
a prison for ye Scotts]. See ch. VII, IX.
XX, pp. 40 — 41.
The South angle}. So in MS. Cosin, but H. 44 has " Alley," which is also
the reading of the later editions ; L., C, and Davies have "South-
Angle." The writer no doubt meant the south-east corner of the
body of the church, including the aisle. AH the editions have
" angle " just below.
Robert Neivell]. Bishop 1438-1457. He desired in his will to be buried in
the Galilee, near the shrine of the Ven. Bede, before the altar of the
same {Scr. Tres, cccxli). This appears not to have been done ; it is
stated in the tract on the Origin and Succession of the Bishops,
written in 1603, and probably before the destruction of his monu-
mental inscription, that he " lieth buried on the south part of Durham
Church." There can be little doubt, therefore, that he was buried
in the Neville chapel, and that the despoiled slab now lying beside
one of the Neville tombs is that of the bishop. We have, however, no
description with which to compare it. The matrix shows a bishop
in his mitre, holding the crosier in his right hand and a scroll in his
left. The principal inscription has been on a plate below the feet.
a /aire Allablaster table]. A sculptured reredos of alabaster. Alabaster is
easily worked, and as durable as marble indoors, though rapidly
perishing when exposed to the weather. Such "tables" were by
no means uncommon. They seem to have been made in large
numbers at Nottingham, near which place alabaster abounds (or at
least formerly did), in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. See
Archaologia, LI I, 679.
'5
226 RITES OF DURHAM.
invyroned ivth lrone\. Some of the holes where the iron rails were fixed in
are to be seen in the bases of two of the pillars. The south wall of
the Neville chantry shows some remains of decorative colouring1. It
had a five-light Perpendicular window which was destroyed, together
with its heraldic glazing, in 1849, in order to insert an imitation-
Norman window, when the whole south side of the nave was refaced.
See Billings, PI. viii. In the same wall is a small recess like a
locker ; it seems to have been protected by iron bars that have been
wrenched out.
behinde ye church doure\. That is, to the east of the south-east doorway
from the cloister, as far as the respond facing the S.W. pier of the
Lantern.
a chambre]. An upper chamber, over the vestibule of the south-east door-
way. It must have been lighted by the Decorated window shown in
Billings, PI. viii.
iiij pillers]. One being at each corner of the vestibule, the four sides of
which were " sett out " in the way described. The two northern
pillars have had their bases cut away and grooved for the wainscot
screen.
in ye mydes, etc.]. It is not easy to make out the exact position of the holy-
water stone mentioned in this chapter, called " the other " in ch. XIX.
On the whole it seems most likely that it stood in front of the
wainscot facing the south-east door, and that a sort of canopy like
the soundboard of a pulpit, with the great star on its under side,
projected from the wainscot, over the basin. There are holes "as
if for fixing a canopy " over a holy-water basin at Fountains. — Hope,
Fountains, in Yorks. Arch. Journal, XV, 309. The "moulded base"
mentioned in the note on p. 224, 1. 13, may have belonged to a smaller
basin not mentioned in Rites. In the note p. 224, 1. 4, read, "relate
not to the altar, but to the holy-water stone." It is clear that both
the holy- water stones had wainscot screens and canopies, painted
blue with gilt stars.
an alter wth a Roode\. The projecting course of the west side of the base
of the column is cut away to make more room for this altar. It
would almost appear from this passage that the word " Rood "
sometimes denoted a figure of Christ not on the Cross. But there
may have been a cross behind the figure. Indulgences were
attached to the " Altare Sanctae Crucis," probably the same as this
one " of the Bound Rood." — App. VI, Nos. xlii, lvi, pp. 155, 158.
MSS. L., C, and the editions of Hunter and Sanderson, have the
reading " Bonn}- Rood."
inclosed, etc.]. See ch. xix, p. 38.
the grate, etc.]. See ch. xxi, p. 42.
XXI, pp. 41 — 42.
The Sanctuary\. On the history of ecclesiastical sanctuaries, see Diet.
Christian Antiquities, s.v., the Introduction to the Surtees volume of
Durham and Beverley Sanctuary records, and the earlier authorities
cited, particularly Pegge's article in Arch apologia, Vol. VIII, p. 1.
all the circuyte therof]. The circuits of Sanctuaries were usually marked
by crosses on the main roads leading to them. On the mile-crosses
NOTES ON THK TEXT. 227
al Ripon, see Mem. Ripon, I, 33, 90. Neville's Cross (ch. xv) and the
"Leaden Cross" formerly at the top of Gilesgate probably served
as sanctuary crosses. Two others, on the south side of the city,
called in later times Philipson's Cross and Charley Cross, may have
served the same inn pose. The base of the latter still remains, and
both were standing iii about 17S0, when drawings were made of them.
See Brit. Mus., Kaye Collection, Vol. II, N09. 227, 228.
knocking & Rapping}. The well-known bronze knocker still remains on
the north door. Vor representations of it, see Carter, PI. xi ;
Sanctuarium Dunelm. ci Beverlac. Surtees Soc, Vol. 5, p. xxiv ;
Billings, title ; Greenwell, title ; J. T. Fowler, Durh. Cath., 61.
two chambers}. Over the north porch, which has been deplorably mutilated
and " Gothicised," are still left some slight remains of the chambers,
to be seen on the inside. They opened by a staircase, which
remains, into the triforium, through a round-headed doorway, and
were lighted by two small round-headed windows, still visible though
blocked up, looking into the aisle. Carter's engraving shows the
outside as it was previous to the last great alteration. It appears to
have been extended in the thirteenth century by two great buttresses
carrying an acutely pointed arch over which was a lofty gable. See
Greenwell, 47, and engraving in Durham Arch. Trans., Vol. V, p. 29,
pi. i.
y gallelei Bell}. The present tenor bell, recast 1693, bears the inscription,
" Camp. S. Cuthberti olim Galalea."
Sand* Cuthb: cross]. We have no means of knowing what the precise
form of this cross was. There is no ancient authority for the modern
" St. Cuthbert's Cross," a cross patee quadrate, as borne in the arms
granted to the University of Durham in 1843.
such a frelige}. Franchise or privilege. See Freelage in N. E. D.
agrafe]. In the shaft of the western respond that stands next to the nave
are two holes where iron portions of this grate may have been
fastened in.
king Gulhrid}. Guthred, under-king in Northumbria, 883-894. He may
well have been devoted to St. Cuthbert, for the Saint appearing in a
vision to the abbot of Luercestre (Carlisle) had directed that he
should be raised from servitude to the throne. — Hist, de S. Cuthb. in
Surtees Symeon, p. 143.
king Alvred}. Alfred the Great, regarded as king of all England, 871-901.
On the confirmation by these two kings of the lex pads, attributed to
St. Cuthbert himself in the first instance, see above, p. 137, and Sym.
Dunelm., Historite Recapitulatio, in Surtees Symeon, p. 73. Alfred,
as well as Guthred, probably thought that he was under the special
protection of St. Cuthbert. See the Metrical Life of St. Cuthbert,
p. 126, notes; E. A. Freeman, Old Engl. Hist., 1873, p. 130; C.
Plummer, Alfred the Great, 1902, p. 62.
</ moste fvne large wyndowe\. This window was made and inserted in the
Norman west front during the priorate of John Possor, 1341-1374
(Scr. Tres, p. 1 ;,-•).
228 RITES OF DURHAM.
Rate of Jessei], The genealogy of our Lord represented by figures
standing on the branches of a tree growing out of a figure of Jesse
was a very favourite subject for painted glass, and is most frequently,
as here, found associated with tracery of the Decorated period.
The ancient glass has disappeared from this Durham Jesse window,
but the original subject has been adopted in the modern glazing.
Some small portions of the old glass, including a Crucifixion,
remembered to have come from the uppermost light, and some
terminal branches of the tree have been inserted in one of the
modern windows in the north aisle of the choir. The " Root of
Jesse " was more usually represented in the great east window, as at
Selby, Wells, Carlisle, Morpeth, etc. On this subject see Representa-
tions of the Tree of Jesse, etc., by James Fowler, Selby, 1890.
in ye top of ye said wyndowe]. That is, not in the topmost tracery
light, if it was originally occupied by the Crucifixion, but in the
uppermost part of the window, in one of the large tracery lights
towards the top. But compare the account of the Jesse window in
the Chapter-house, p. 56. The Crucifixion subject mentioned in the
last note may have been put into the uppermost light after the
destruction of the original glass.
XXII, pp. 42—51.
appoynted for ivomen\. Symeon relates (ch. xxii) why it really was that
women were excluded from churches of St. Cuthbert. It was on
account of disorders at Coldingham, which are referred to by Bede
in Eccl. Hist., IV, 25. The monastery there at first included both
monks and nuns, but after St. Cuthbert became bishop he separated
them entirely for all future time, and caused a church for women to
be built on Holy Island, which was called the Grene Cyrice, or
Church on the Green. In the Metrical Life of St. Cuthbert (c. 1450)
we are told " pis custome is ^it at durham," line 7205). In ch.
xvill, above, the custom is connected with the fabulous story of the
temptation of St. Cuthbert by a king's daughter. The Durham
feeling may have been accentuated by its being recorded that St.
Carilef, the patron of the monastery from which the first Norman
bishop came, excluded women from his church. See pp. 133, 134.
The actes of ye B. ca. 26]. So the MSS., but the printed editions say, " of
the Bishops." In Durham Wills and Inventories (Surtees Soc),
Vol. I, p. 2, certain ornamenta of Bishop Flambard are mentioned
with the words " sicut habetur in gestis Episcoporum," the reference,
perhaps, being to a passage in the Continuatio of Symeon, cap. i,
Rud's edition, p. 258. But we do not find anything upon the naming
of the Galilee there, or in the passages relating to that building in
the continuators known as Scriptores Tres (sometimes entitled " Hist.
Eccl. Dunelm. et successio Episcoporum " (Wood's City of Oxford,
Oxf. Hist. Soc, II, 264), and "the booke entituled The Acts of the
B." remains to be identified. As to the term " Galilee," see note a
little below.
Hugo Bushop oj Durhm], Hugh de Puiset or Pudsey, 1153-1195. He was
a son of a Count of Bar, and said to be a nephew of King Stephen,
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 229
but in what way does not appear. He was a powerful and ambitious
prelate, and a great builder. See Scr. Tres, 1 ■, 12, and, on his
buildings, Mr. Longstaffe in Durh, Arch, Trans., I, 1-8.
/'</><• Athanasius]. So the MSS. and Davies. Hunter and Sanderson say
" Paschalis II," and the date is wrong in all the MSS. and editions.
Bishop Pudsey was consecrated at Rome by Anastatius IV, "in
festivitate S. Thomas Apostoli " (Sir. Tres, 6). Slubbs says Dec. 20
[Reg. Sacr. Aug!., 1897, p. 47).
but a fewe yeres]. The church, all but the towers, was finished about
1 1;,.; 1140.
til ye ras/ otd\. A very usual place for a Lady Chapel, particularly when
the east end of the choir was not occupied by the shrine of a local
saint, as at Durham it was.
sundry pillers]. In the tract on the Origin, etc., of the Bishops of Durham,
compiled in 1603 and printed in 1779, p. 14, it is said that these
pillars " were brought by shippe ready wrought to Xewcastle, and
from thence by carriage to Durham." Gaufridus de Coldingham says,
" A transmarinis partibus deferebantur columpnae et bases mar-
moreal."— Scr. Tres, p. 11. The pillars are of Purbeck marble, and
would be brought by sea from Poole in Dorsetshire.
great rifles apperinge\. The shrinking and cracks in Pudsey's intended
building doubtless arose from too little care having been taken about
the foundations, although, as we are told, there were too many
masters. The plateau of solid rock on which the church stands
(alls away at the east end, so that in order to obtain a good
foundation it would have been necessary to go much deeper than the
old builders commonly did. From the same cause that affected
Pudsey's work at the east end, his Galilee at the west end of the
church was at one time in danger, and, but for Langley s massive
buttresses, would probably ha\e fallen down into the river. See
Greenwell, p. 50.
not acceptable to god, etc.]. This suggestion, and indeed almost the whole
paragraph, is translated from Coldingham in Scr. Tres, p. 11. It
was usual for women to have access to Lady Chapels.
east end . . . vest angle]. H. 45 has " east end," "west end"; Cos.,
"east end," west angle ; H. 44, the same. L., C, and Davies have
"angle" in both places; Hunter has "East Angle" and "West
end " in both his editions ; Sanderson the same. The word " angle "
was loosely used in the sixteenth century of an outlying spot without
reference to shape. See N. E. D. on ANGLE sb. 4.
called the galleley by reason, etc. J. This idea has probably been suggested
by St. Jerome's explanations of Galgala as Rota, Revoluiio, and
Galilaea as I'olubt'l/s, founded on the Hebrew galal, to roll, hence.
remove. The real reason is given in Ruperti Tuitensis de D/v. Off.,
lib. v, cap. 8, and lib. vii, cap. J 1 — 24 (Migne, P. L., Vol. 170).
Sunday is the weekly festival of the Resurrection, and in the Sunday
procession the person of greatest dignity tjoes first, the rest following
him in their order, symbolizing Christ going before the disciples into
Galilee after the Resurrection (St. Mark xvi, 7 ; St. Matthew xxviii,
10). " L'nde locum quoque, quo suprema stationo processionem ter-
2,30 RITES OF DURHAM.
minatnus, nos Galilaeam nominamus." See also Hutchinson, Durham,
II, 7 m., where a note on the subject is quoted from Durham
Chapter MS., A. IV, 13. The same note is printed in Rud's Catalogue
0/ the MSS., p. 66. The Lady Chapel at Durham was called Galilcea
before 1186, as appears in a charter quoted by Greenwell, p. 49H.
At Ely, Bishop Eustace constructed a new Galilee at the west end. —
Ang. Sac, I, 634. At Lincoln the Galilee porch is at the south-west
corner of the great transept, and, as at Durham, an ecclesiastical
court was held in the place so named, " curia vocata le Galilee."
At Byland the west porch was called the Galilee. — Hope, Fountains,
in Yorks. Arch. Journal, XV, 312. There are several quotations con-
cerning monastic Galilees in Ducange, s.v. Galilcea, and for Durham
the Index to Rolls may be consulted, under " Galilee."
a table there sett vp\. As was no doubt very commonly done in such cases.
ye Cantarie}. Bishop Langley's chantry-chapel, founded in 1414, now
destroyed, but standing in 1603 ; " upon the toppe of the doore
whereof his Amies are sett" (Origin and Succession of Bishops, as
printed in 1779, p. 23). " Istam cantariani ex marmore in Galilaea
fundavit, . . . cum armis artificiose in summitate ejusdem ostii in
marmore insculptis, cujus sumptibus tota Galilaea reparabatur ad sum-
mam ^499 6s. 8d.," So: Tres, 146. The door-head here referred to
has been preserved ; it has shields with Bishop Langle3-'s arms in the
spandrels and at the sides. The chantry would be a small internal
chapel with open tracery in the sides, like those of the same period
(1406-37) elsewhere. It is shown by Carter's and other old plans
and drawings, as well as by existing indications, that it occupied a
space of about 24 feet by 13 feet, bounded on each side by two of
the Galilee arches. Its floor was raised a step above that of the
Galilee, as may be seen in old views, e.g., the engraving in Smith's
Bede, p. 805, and Carter's drawing reproduced in Durham and
Northnmb. Arch. Trans., V, PI. iv.
Our La : alter]. The mensa, with its crosses, now lies where the altar
stood. Its size is about 8 ft. 3 ins. by 4 ft. See Billings, PI. xxxiv.
Below the floor-level, to the S.W., is a sort of channel that may have
been connected with a floor-piscina.
curious ivainscott ivoorke]. Wantonly destroyed in 1845, when the masonry
with which Langley closed up the great west doorway was taken
down. The present unmeaning oak doors were put up in 1846. The
wainscot work is shown in old drawings, and in Billings, PI. xxxvi.
Carter's drawings (one in the possession of Canon Greenwell, and
B.M. Add. 29,933, Nos. 62, 63) show the reredos and canopy with
the fine aumbry overhanging the doorway on the South and another
on the North. Several inscriptions remained on the reredos, as,
" Sea Maria . . " " Sea Maria regina celi," " Sea Maria Mater
Xpi," "Sea Maria virgo virginum," etc., but the rest are frag-
mentary. These inscriptions were referred to by the late Dr.
Townsend in a sermon preached in the Galilee before they were
destroyed. Raine says they were "in letters of gold." — Brief Ace,
8yi. So Billings, p. 33. Carter's drawings are reproduced in
Durham and Northumberland Arch. Transactions, Vol. V, Plates iv,
NOTES ON THE I EXT. 231
v, vi ; pp. 29 36. A few small portions of its perforated tracery,
very like the geometrical tracery al Brancepeth Church, have been
used to ornament the pulpit at Croxdale. For Langley's masonry,
ami the little doorway through it, see Billings, PI. xxxiv, xxxvi,
xxxviii. The Norman arcade shown in tin- plates seems to have
been made of the old materials taken out for the fifteenth-century
doorways.
was song- duly by ye nf . . . playing- vpon, etc.]. The meaning must be
that the singing of the parts of the mass allotted to the choir was
managed by the master of the Song School, who also played on a
pair of organs which must have been placed in the Galilee.
Mr John Brimley], Master of choristers and organist from 1557 to 1576.
He was one of those who were called to account in connexion with
the Rising of the North in 1569, and the restoration of the mass
according to the earlier rite, in Durham Cathedral. He owned that
he was twice at mass, but sang- not himself at mass, only played the
organs, and did help to sing- Salves at Matins and Evensong, and
went in procession after the Cross. He received holy water, but no
holy bread, to his witting, yet he knelt to be reconciled and bad
others do so. He knew not what was woorde (become) of the grail
that he commonly used for the teaching of the children. In his partial
conformity he acted under compulsion. — Durham Depositions (Surtees
Society), 148. When the sacring bell rang, Oliver Ashe, curate of
St. Giles's, " looked towerd the priest, but he could not decern the
elevacion ; whereupon he loked up to Mr. Bromley {sic) then in the
loft over the queir door, and smiled at hym." — lb., 137. Mr. Brimley
was allowed to go down to his grave in peace. When examined in
1569 he was 67 years of age. He died in 1576, being then 74, and
was laid to rest in the Galilee just west of the west end of the
Chantry, which had not then been pulled down. Over his grave is a
stone with matrices of an inscription plate and shield that have
apparently belonged to some one else, and under these, with an
initial pomegranate incised, the linos, " lOHN BR1MLEIS BODY HERE
DOTH LY I WHO PRAYSKI) GOD WITH HANI) AND VOICE | BY MVSICKES
Ill.AYENLIE IIARMONIE DVLL MYNDES HE MAID IN GOD REIOICE |
HIS SOVL INTO THE KEAVENES IS LYFT | TO PRAYSE HIM STILL THAT
GAVE THE GYFT | OBIIT AO DN1 1576. OCTO. 13." One stanza of
the epitaph of Thomas Tallis, at Greenwich (Rimbault, Cheque-book
of Chapel Rural, 193, from Strype, in his edition of Stowe's Survey,
1720, Circuit Walk, p. 90), might have served for John Brimley. " He
serv'd long Tyme in Chappel with grete Prayse, Power Sovereygnes
Reygnes (a Thing not often seen), I mean Kyng Henry and Prynce
Edward's dayes, Quene Mary, and Elizabeth oure Quene." In one
of the old MS. music books at Durham Cathedral is " Mr Brimley
his Kerrie," followed by a Credo.
iell> eertaine deeons\. This shows that it was what is now commonly called
a High Mass, i.e. one celebrated with deacon and sub-deacon.
" High Mass" is properly the principal mass of the day.
Bushop Langiei], Thomas Langley, Dean of York, 1401 ; Lord High
Chancellor, 1405 ; in the same year Archbishop-elect of York, and
232 RITES OF DURHAM.
1406 to 1437 Bishop of Durham. In 1406 he ceased to be chancellor ;
in 141 1 he was made a cardinal ; in 1414 ambassador in France ; in
1417 to 1422 and 1423 to 1425 chancellor again. At York Minster he
left a splendid memorial in the St. Cuthbert window, which was
made by his direction, probably in his lifetime ( Yks. Arch. Jrnl.,
IV, 260, 273). On his alterations in the Galilee, and other works
there and elsewhere, see Scr. Tres, 146 ; Green well, 78-80. In his
will (Scr. Tres, ccxli) he provides for his burial " in ecclesia mea
Dunelmensi in capella beats Maria? Virginis vocata le Galilee, in
loco ad hoc jam per me disposito." The deed of foundation of
this chantry, dedicated to the Blessed Virgin and St. Cuthbert, dated
June 18, 1414, is preserved in the Treasury ; 3cia 3013: Pont. No. 7.
For a list of his works and gifts see Durham Wills and Inventories
(Surtees Society), I, 88 ; Rolls, Index under Langley.
did reedefye and buyld anew}. This is over-stated. What Langley did was
to put on a new roof, insert the three central windows in the west
end, and strengthen the west wall by massive buttresses, between
two of them building a small apartment which has been thought to
be a vestry, but which by the discovery of a well in 1896 has been
shown to be a well-house. There is a lower well-house opening on
the path, where the public could dip vessels into the well, which is
lined with lead at the bottom. — Durham and Northumb. Arch. Trans.,
V, 24 — 28, and Plates. Bishop Langley blocked up the great west
door, making new ones at the sides. In front of the doorway he
placed Our Lady's altar, and before that his own tomb. For this
work and for his chantry chapel and woodwork see above, p. 230.
He added to the original twin shafts of Purbeck marble shafts of
stone, turning them into clustered columns of four shafts, with
capitals and bases to his new shafts copied from those on the old
ones. We find in 1432-5 : — Empcio lapidum. Item in 29 futhers
lapidum empl. pro columpnis Galileae, 56s. 9%d. Item in 12 (ut
supra) cum cariagio, 175. jd. — Misc. Chart., Nos. 5719-20 ; Green-
well, 8o«.
two . . . Aumeryes\. Destroyed in 1845, shown in Billings, PI. xxxvi.
The lower part of the one on the south side has been in a deep recess
hewn out of the side of the great doorway ; see Billings, PI. xxxiv,
and note above, p. 230; also Durham and Northumb. Arch. Trans.,
V, PI. iv, v.
a /aire marble Towme\. This remains, and is somewhat peculiar in its
construction. The top stone is fully ten feet in length, by nearly six
feet across, and quite plain on its upper surface. At its eastern end
it comes close up to the altar-slab, so that the celebrating priest
stood at the bishop's feet. Six feet of it project westward into the
Galilee, with six stone steps on either side. Round the cornice ot
the projecting portion runs a chase for a marginal inscription on
brass, now lost. On the west end or head of the tomb are three
panels, each containing a large shield with the bishop's arms-
Scr. Tres, 147 ; Billings, PI. xxxiv, xxxvi.
he founded, etc.]. Cf. Scr. Tres, 146. The Place Green is now usually
called the Palace Green. Bishop Langley's schools have been in
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 233
some sort succeeded by the present Grammar School, which claims
Henry VIII as its founder, and by the Cathedral Choir School. His
school buildings wore reconstructed by Bishop Cosin. One, the
" Old Grammar School," is now used by the University as a lecture-
room, the other as the University Museum.
i"' I -ndy of pieties alter]. For another altar with tin's dedication, see
above, pp. 38, 41, jjj, 224. On the sides of the recess in the Galilee
in Front of which the altar of Our Lady of Pity stood are contemporary
paintings of a king and bishop, probably St. Oswald and St. Cuth-
bert, while within the soffit and at the back of the same recess are
bands of beautiful conventional leaf pattern characteristic of the
twelfth century, under which is a representation of hangings. The
painting in the middle of the hangings has been defaced, and
probably contained the picture of Our Lady of Pity, which seems to
have been an insertion, as there are no signs of any canopy or
enclosing compartment. For references concerning these paintings
see C. E. Keyser, List of Buildings having Mural Decorations,
3rd edition, 1883, p. 90. Canon Greenwell suggests that the
original altar of Our Lady may have been removed by Langley from
this recess to the central one when the latter was walled up, and
that of Our Lady of Pity moved at the same time to this recess from
the one to the north of it, when the doorway was made there. On
the north side of the recess is a curious almsbox constructed in the
wall, with inclined planes leading down to the slit at the top ; this
is not mentioned in Rites, nor is it shown in Carter's PI. i, which,
however, is merely an ornamental title, and is incorrect in showing an
unbroken line of hangings and ornament. The almsbox is indicated
in Billings, PI. xxxiv, xxxvi.
or saviours passion]. No traces of these pictures are left. They were
probably on wood, tabula? such as are frequently mentioned in
connexion with altars elsewhere. See Rolls, Index under Tabula;.
betwixt two pillers]. The pillars being N. and S. of the monument, not
E. and YV. Billings, PI. iii, v, xxxvi, xxxvii.
a goodly rnonuwt]. See further in ch. XLix, p. 96, LII, p. 103.
ye said throwghe\. "Through'' is a tombstone or tomb. See ch. VIII,
note, p. 207, and ch. xliv, p. 87.
to drawe vf> and downe]. The wooden pulley still attached to the roof
seems to be too small and too far to the west to have served for
lifting the cover, and as there is a similar pulley on the other side of
the Galilee, in front of the site of the altar of Our Lady of Pity, both
probably were for the suspension of lights. There is a rough sketch
of one of them in Durham and Xorthutnb. Arch. Trans., Y, PI. vi.
the auncyent historic]. Not identified. See p. 198, but the verses on p. 45
are not in Sir. Trcs.
a feretcr of gold o~ silver]. " Feretrum quoque ex aura et argento, in quo
ossa Venerabilis Beda; presbyteri et Doctoris ferre decrevit, ex
studio artificum tanta diligentia compositum, ut quid magis in eo
pracstet, opus an decor, attrectantibus inerito venial in dubium." —
Scr. Tres, p. 1 1 .
2^4 RITES OF DURHAM.
venerable bede}. The usual designation of Bede appears to have been, like
many other titles, simply an adjective in the first instance. It would be
familiar to the clergy in the headings of homilies from Bede in the
Lectionaries, and afterwards in the Breviaries, thus, Homilia
venerabilis Bedte Presbyteri. See D'Achery and Mabillon, in Acta
SS. Ord. Ben., Maij 26, anno 735, p. 517. The learned Benedictines
do not even refer to the legends that professed to account for the
title, and Trithemius, who wrote in 1494, says of them " deliramenta
hsec facillime confutarem." — De Scr. Eccl., p. 66, in Fabricii Bibliuth.
Eccl., Hamb., 1718. In the Legenda Aurea, Nuremb. 1496, Leg.
clxxvi, §1b, followed by the Nova Legenda Anglice, Lond., 1 5 16,
xxxvz>., xxxvi, Oxf. ed. (1901), I, m, two reasons are given for
the title: — (1) Once when Bede had become blind and was passing
through a valley full of stones, he was told, in derision, that a
large congregation was waiting to hear him preach. Then
he preached fervently, and when he concluded with " per omnia
saecula sajculorum " the stones cried out "Amen, venerabilis
pater" ; (2) A certain clerk, wishing to write an epitaph on him,
began with the words, " Hac sunt in fossa," but could think of
nothing but " Bedse sancti ossa " to finish the verse with. Coming
to the tomb, after a sleepless night spent in trying to think of words
that would scan better, he found that Angel hands had inscribed
" Beda? venerabilis ossa." There is a third story to the effect that
the title was decreed to him in Rome, which city he certainly never
visited, for his acuteness in assigning a new interpretation to the
initial letters over an iron gate, S.P.Q.R., " Stultus Populus Quasrit
Romam," with reference to the Goths swarming to Rome, and that
on his return he died and was buried at Genoa. — Baring Gould,
Lives of the Saints, May 27. It is stated in the Legenda Aurea
that the bones of Bede were honoured with due devotion at Genoa
(ianua). This statement is quoted in the Legenda Anglian, but in
order to be corrected by a verius tamen creditur, that they were
with St. Cuthbert's body in his shrine.
poscente Richardo, etc.]. Concerning this Richard, see Rolls, Intr., Iviii,
and p. 597.
lapide sub mamioreo]. There is a blue marble grave-slab, much scaled,
but showing traces of brasses, still lying at the west end of the
present tomb of Bede.
the discription, etc.]. The writer is probably referring to Symeon's Hist, of
Ch. of Durham, lib. Ill, cap. vii (Rud's ed., p. 158), where we are told
how Elfred the presbyter brought the bones of Bede from Jarrow to
Durham, secretly, as would appear. But when asked by his intimate
friends where Bede's bones were, he would say " Nemo me certius
novit," and that they were in the same chest with the body of St.
Cuthbert. Symeon goes on to refer to the old English poem on
Durham and the relics there, in which, after mentioning Cuthbert's
and other famous relics, the writer says, " Is Serinne mid heom
& ^ESelwold biscop | & breoma bocera Beda & Boisil abbot |
— Symeori, Surtees ed., I, 153. Lastly he mentions their having
been found in a linen bag with the uncorrupt body, but separate from
other relics, not long before his time (c. 1060 — c. 1 130).
NOTES ON IIIK TEXT. 235
in a golden Coffin, II. 45]. " the coffin," i.e. St. Cuthbert'.s, is the right
reading'. The Hunter MS. refers to Bishop Pudsey's "Fereter"
mentioned above. Thai shrine) as we learn From ihe inscription just
above, was removed from "nigh St. Cuthbert shryne" into the
Galilee in 1370.
ye alter of St, Beede], At the recess corresponding to thai where tin-
Altar of Our Lady of Pity stood, there is a place for a good-sized
locker. Billings, PI. xxxvi.
ye same place where his shrine was before exalted]. The spot is marked by
the large plain tomb made when the shrine was defaced in 154-'.
In 1830 the tomb was examined down to the pavement level. In
1831, on St. Bede's day (May 27), a more thorough examination was
made, and many of the bones of a human skeleton were found, three
feet below the floor, arranged in their places, so far as they went, in
a coffin of full size, traces of which remained. The legendary
inscription, " Hac sunt in fossa Beda: venerabilis ossa," was soon
afterwards cut upon the upper slab. — Raine, Br. Ace, 79 ; 5/.
Cutlib., 178. The present tomb may be regarded as the tribute of the
sixteenth and nineteenth centuries to the memory of Bede as a man
of letters. Writing about " The reverend Bede," Camden says,
" And that I may incidently note that which I have heard : Not
many yeeres since a French Bishop returning- out of Scotland,
comming to the Church of Durham, and brought to the shrine of
Saint Cuthbert, kneeled downe, and after his devotions, offered a
Baubie, saying1 : ' Sancte Cuthberte, si sanctus sis, ora pro me ' : But
afterward, beeing brought vnto the Tombe of Beda, saying likewise
his Orisons, offered there a French crowne, with this alteration,
' Sancte Beda, quia sanctus es, ora pro me '." — Remaines, 1614, p. 249.
an elegant Epitaph], The epitaph written on vellum has long disappeared,
but the inscription is printed in Smith's Bede (1722), p. 823, where the
last line is given as " IIa;c sunt in fossa Beda? Venerabilis Ossa."
a /aire Iron pulpitt). There are now no traces either of this pulpit or of
the steps.
a fountc for baptising of children]. See Scr. Tres, 147. The privilege
extended to the administration of all the Sacraments.
-.i'hen ye realme was interdicted]. The writer is mistaken in this matter,
for there had been no interdict since 1208 13. The words of \V. de
Chambre in Scr, Tres arc, " Hit-" (so. Tho. Langley) " etiam
liber t at es quasdam a Papa procuravil pro lavacro, quod collocavit
in Galilaja in ecclesia Ditnelmensi cui virtute praedicta: concessionis
omnes excommunicati ad Alios baptizandos, cum nullibi per totum
filios baptizare liceret, et ad reliquorum omnium sacramentorum
adniinistralionem accederent."
foure faire coulored . . . wyndowes]. There are five windows in all.
Perhaps the one at the west end of the north aisle was blocked up,
or did not contain coloured glass when (he account was written.
There is now no coloured glass in any of the Galilee windows except
in the tracery-lights of the three windows inserted by Langley in the
middle of the wesl side. These will be noticed in their places.
236 RITES OF DURHAM.
et patrie). I.e. of the Bishopric or land of the Haliwerfolk or folk of the
holy man.
in his bh'7ve habitt apparell\. Blue glass commonly stood for black in
representations of monastic habits, as in the St. Cuthbert window at
York. Sometimes purple glass was used in the same way.
six title glasned lightes). These are now all filled with patchwork of old
fragments in which no parts of the original subjects can be recog-
nized. In the extreme tops of three of the lights are large stars of
many rays, which may be original.
cuius anima]. This curious expression, referring to St. Oswald's head, is
perhaps unique in this sense. On the skull, see Archceologia, LVII,
24.
holie Kinge Henry). Henry VI, who was canonized in popular estimation,
and was within a little of being so officially. For his pilgrimage to
Durham in 1448, see Appendix II, p. 122.
Historie of ye monasticall Church], The reference may be to Scriptores
Tres, p. 146 ; hardly, perhaps, to this present work, p. 44.
six litle glasened toivre wyndowes]. The usual term in the "Description,"
Appendix I, for the upper lights in Perpendicular windows is turret
lights. A good deal of the glazing in these six lights has the appear-
ance of being original. In the third from the south is Our Lady, riding
on an ass, in a long white robe parti}' over her head like a veil, and
partly wrapped round the child, whose head is covered by a cloth
showing the face. She has a plain nimbus and the child a cruciferous
one. There is part of the figure of Joseph with a staff, but it is
displaced. The background is gone, and the original glazing of the
next light also, else we might have the idols falling and the trees
bending, according to the legend. In the fifth light from the south is
Our Lady standing, with long flowing hair, holding up the child
towards a group of about ten nimbed figures of persons gazing on
the child. On the ground is something like an empty cradle. In the
sixth light are several more persons of both sexes, some nimbed and
others not, gazing on the child in the fifth light. In the second light
are eight nimbed and white-robed figures walking and eight seated
on the ground, and in the first are nine similar figures, with their hands
crossed over their breasts ; all are gazing in the direction of the
Virgin and Child on the ass. There is nothing now to be seen in
the least like Herod pursuing. There seems to be nothing in the
Golden Legend to account for the gazing figures in four of these six
lights, or to the showing of the child to a multitude of persons.
Alured, Gudred, & Elfride]. See notes on ch. xxi. The three kings
here meant are, probably, Alfred the Great and Guthred, King of
Northumbria, who gave to St. Cuthbert all the land between Tyne
and Tees, a.d. 894, and Alchfrith, King of Northumbria, who settled
the Celtic monks, about a.d. 660, at Ripon, where St. Cuthbert
entertained the Angel. Baeda, Vit. S. Cuthb., vii ; Hist. Eccl., lib. Ill,
cap. 25. St. Cuthbert appeared in visions to the two former.
St Bede doth make mention). This can apply only to the donation of
Alchfrith, for Bede's history ends a.d. 731.
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 237
six title towrt wyndewes\. All now filled with patchwork ; in the light mosl
to the north is pari of a figure of Christ crucified, with some one at
the foot of the Cross ; this seems to have belonged to the original
glaring.
XXIII, pp. 51 —52.
y J'crnicrv\. See eh. XLVI.
y priors c/iaplaine}. For his duties on those occasions, see Martene,
Mon. Hit., V, viii, " De ordine ad visitandos infirmos de vita
periclitantes atque ad mortem tendentes,' and cap. ix, " De modo
adjuvandi infirmi ad mortem." The Offiees for the Visitation,
Communion, and Extreme Unction of the sick were, as opportunity
allowed, supplemented by litanies, prayers, and readings from the
Psalms and the Gospels of the Passion. Other duties of the Prior's
Chaplain are referred to in the Rolls ; see the Index under Prior,
chaplain of.
y barber ivas srnl for]. The washing of the body, which, probably, was
always done, is not here mentioned, but it seems to have been a part
of the barber's office. In some monastic rules it was done by some
one of the same rank and standing as the deceased, e.g., in the
Statutes of Lanfranc, cap. 24, we read, ** portelur corpus ad
lavandum ab his de quorum ordine fuit ; id est Sacerdos a Sacer-
dotibus, Diaconus a Diaconis, et sic in reliquis ordinibus, Conversus
a Conversis ; infans tamen non ab infantibus, sed a Conversis. Hi
vero sunt qui lavare non debent corpus defuncti : Sacerdos Heb-
domadarius, et reliqui ministri qui circa altare serviunt, et vasa
sacrata contrectant, Hebdomadarii coquinse, Cellerarii, Refectorarii.'"
Further minute directions follow, concerning the washing and
dressing of the body. For other customs, see Martene, ubi cit.,
cap. x, also Eccl. Rit., Ill, xi-xv ; ami Lanfranc, in Reyner, App.,
part 3, p. 249 ; Wilkins, I, 358.
sockes and bo?vtes\. This was always done. The writer of the account of
the translation of St. Cuthbert in 1104 says he was found " vesti-
menta sacerdotalia indutus, in obviam Christi caleeamentis suis
praeparatis." — Acta SS. Boll., Mar. 20, p. 123, sect. 13. Although a
Christian significance was given to the calceamenta, they are
probably derived from the pre-Christian custom "to bind hell-shoon
on men, on which they may walk to Valhalla." Cf. Gisla Saga, On'tr.
/si., ii, 208, and Dasent, Gisli the Outlaw, pp. xxiv, 44, 45, cited in
Plummer's Bede, II, 271.
y Dead manes chamber]. A room in the Infirmary, as stated. The
addition in H. 45 is a mistake which has arisen from a confusion
between the chamber in the Infirmary and the " Parler " mentioned
below. It is not repeated in the printed editions.
St Andrewes chappell]. No trace of this chapel is now to be seen. It mav
have projected eastward from the Infirmary, but no foundations were
found when its supposed site was excavated some years ago. For
several notices o( it, see Rolls, Index under Infirmary, chapel ot\ 259
and later pages. The references before p. 259 belong to the
Infirmary without the gates,
238 RITES OF DURHAM.
kneys], The local pronunciation, riming with " weighs. "
chyldren of thaumerey\. See ch. XLVIII, and Rolls, Index under Almery.
spatter]. So H. 45, but " Psalter " in other MSS. and in the editions.
V chapter house]. This was probably the finest Norman Chapter-house in
England, 78^4 feet long and 35 feet wide, vaulted throughout, with
an apsidal east end, and a fine arcade over the wall-bench for the
monks. In the centre of the apse, standing on a dais of two steps,
was the Bishop's stone chair (ch. XXVI, p. 56). See Greenvvell, 40-43 ;
Billings, PI. Hi (in which the three east windows are conjeclurally
put in) ; Carter, Plan, and his drawings, reproduced in Durh. and
Northumb. Arch. Trans., V, plates ii, iii, pp. 31-33 ; Raine, Br. Ace,
103 — 108, with view of exterior. The greater part of this fine
building was pulled down in 1796, but rebuilt, mainly on the old
lines, in 1895. Grancolas, writing on the subject of the Chapter
Office, says " Locus ille Capitulum appellabatur, quia Capitulum
Regulae ibi perlegebatur." — In Brev. Rom., cap. xxxvi. See also
Did. Chr. Antiq., I, 288, and N. E. D. under Chapter 4. The
application of the term would naturally be extended so as to include
the corresponding places connected with churches of secular canons.
Dergie], The Dirige or Matins of the Dead, so called from its first
antiphon " Dirige Domine Deus metis in conspectu tuo viam meam,"
whence " Dirge" in its later senses.
and devotion]. Perhaps the Prior and Convent remained some time in
private devotion after they had said their Dirge.
ye parler]. The passage between the Chapter-house and the end of the
transept, leading from the cloister to the cemetery, and very commonly
found in monastic plans ; at Thornton it is closed eastward and seated
all round, as if only for watching the dead. The utter or outer
Parlour, Locutorium, or Spekehouse, was usually on the western
side of the cloister, which could not well have been arranged at
Durham owing to the peculiarity of the site, so the above-named
passage was thus used, and was doubtless entered by the country-
folk and merchants from the east end, while the monks who spoke
with them entered from the cloisler. The Norman doorway of the
Dorter, now the Library, was perhaps the Parlour door before the
Galilee was built. There was always an inner parlour for more
strictly monastic conversation. We do not know where this was in
Durham. Possibly they used the passage leading from the Usher door.
a challice of wax]. As all clerks from bishops downward were buried in the
habits and with the ornamenta of their orders, so it was usual to
place on the breast of a priest a chalice of pewter, earthenware, or
wax. This was probably a survival of the strange practice of burying
the consecrated elements with the dead, on which see Martene, Eccl.
Rit., lib. Ill, cap. xii, sect, x, xi.
his blew bedd houlden over his grave.] Possibly a survival of the practice of
laying over the uncoffined body, in place of a stone or wooden
covering, a woollen or linen sheet, before casting in the earth. —
Martene, Mon. Rit., V, x, sect. 108,
MOTES ON THE TEXT. 2,y>
v* making of his grave], " During the excavation (of part of the cemetery
of the monks) . . a few years ago . . a very great number of
skeletons were found ranging closely side by side, buried in coffins
made of thin stones sel on edge, and all of them without sepulchral
memorials, save Ihe grave of Earl Cospatrick, . . who in his
latter years had exchanged his coronet for the cowl ol a monk."
— Raine, Br. .Arc, 48, 68. Earl Cospat rick's supposed coffin and its
cover, inscribed >J< GOSPATRICVS COMES, were found in iMji (Rud's
Catalogue, 218//.). They are now preserved in the cellarage under
the Dormitory, but it seems doubtful whether the coffin belongs to
Ihe cover. In the sixteenth century monks were buried in wooden
"chests." — Rolls, 292//.
XXIV, pp. 52-53.
a title challice of silver]. In the Historica Narratio concerning- the Trans-
lation of St. Cuthbert in 1104, the writer, after mentioning the silver
altar and Other things found in the coffin, names "calicem paruum
quidem, sed materia et opere preciosttm " ; a cup of onyx fixed on
the back of a lion of pure gold. Acta SS. Boll., 20 Mar., 140;
Raine, St. Cuthb., 81. For references to silver coffin chalices, see
Hope and Fallow in Archceol. Journal, XLIII, 138, etc.
XXY\ pp. 53—54.
Johannes Josscr\. See above, eh. xiv. The eight Priors whose names
follow next after Fossor have been mentioned in chapters XIV, xvi,
XVII.
Hugo Whithead]. Hugh Whitehead, D.D., Oxon., 1513, succeeded to the
Priorate in 1524, having been Warden of Durham College in Oxford.
Chambre gives him a very high character {Scr. Tres, 154). He
effected considerable repairs at Bearpark, and built the Prior's Hall,
with its appurtenances, at Pittington ; remains of these were to be
seen about a century ago. Having been Prior for eighteen years,
he surrendered the monastery Dec. 31, 1540, and was appointed
Dean in 1541. He probably sympathized with the old learning and
forms of worship, for earlv in the reign of Edward VI he was
summoned to appear before the Council in London. His health
broke down under the fatigue and anxiety of the journey, and he
died in 1548, soon after his arrival in London. He was buried in
the Church of ihe Holy Trinity in ihe Minories, near the Tower.
A. Wood has preserved part of his epitaph, viz., " Here lyeth the
body of Hugh Whitehead, the last Prior of Durham, and first Dean
thereof, who died at London ami was buried in
(he Church of ihe Minories, Anno — — ." — Willis, Cathedrals, I,
Robert II<>rne\. An eager reformer, D. D., Cantab., 1549, Dean of Durham,
1551. He was deprived under Mary in 1553, but restored under
Elizabeth in 1559, ami in 1561 was consecrated bishop of Winchester.
During his exile, In- became the head of the English party at
Frankfort. For the mischief and sacrilege perpetrated by him at
Durham, see chapters XXXIII, XXXV, XXXVI, and tor the same al
240 RITES OF DURHAM.
Winchester, see the full account of him in the Dictionary of National
Biography- According to Fuller, the pamphleteers of his day
" sported with his name, as hard in nature, and crooked in
conditions," not noticing " how Horn in Scripture importeth power,
preferment, and safety." They moreover "twitted his person, as
dwarfish and deformed," showing their malice "who carp at the
case when they cannot find fault with the Jewel," He was, it seems,
a person of " a sprightful and fruitful wit." He died in Southwark,
and was buried in Winchester Cathedral, under a flat marble stone,
says Godwin, with this inscription : — " Robertus Home theologiae
doctor eximius, quondam Christi causa exul, deinde Episcopus
Winton. pie obiit in Domino Iun. 1, 1580. Episcopatus sui anno 19."
Godwin, Catalogue of the Bishops, 1601, p. 196.
XXVI, pp. 54-56.
Bushops of Durh>"\. Notices of the Bishops may be found in Symeon's
Hist, of the Church of Durham and in the continuation, in Scripfores
Tres, in our Appendix, No. IV, p. 139, and in the works of the
mediaeval chroniclers. In English we have Godwin's Catalogue (also
in Latin), the tract on the Origin and Succession of the Bishops of
Durham, printed by Allan in 1779 from Durh. Cath. MS. c. iv, 14
(1603), and the accounts of them in Browne Willis, Hutchinson, and
Surtees ; see also the short but serviceable notes in Murray's
Handbook to Durham Cathedral.
Eadmundus . . . under one stone]. Not now to be found, nor is it shown in
Browne Willis's plan (1727). A Durham Calendar has " ij nonas
Junij. Translacio ep'or. dunelm. Edmu'di & Edredi." — Harl. MS.
1804. Prior Melsonby was buried in the same grave. See note
below, on ch. xxxiv.
Walcherus . . . under one stone]. A long narrow grave-cover, inscribed,
>Jl aldvinvs (et) walchervs episcopi. In a Durham Calendar {Harl.
4664) we find " ij nonas Marcij. Translatio Walcheri, Will'i, &
turgoti Ep'or. Dunelm. & fr(atrum)," and in another (Harl. 1804)
" Non. Marcii, translacio ep'or. dunelm. Alduni Walcheri Will'mi et
turgoti ep'i Scottorum." The same entry occurs under v Non. Mar.
See Obituary in Liber Vita, 141. This translation of the bodies of
certain bishops and their brethren was a removal from their former
place of burial to the present Chapter-house, and it would be then
that in two instances two bodies were placed in one grave. The
remaining grave-covers up to and including that of William de
St. Barbara are uniform in character, and were probably all made
and inscribed soon after the completion of the Chapter-house.
Short read, etc.]. The war-cry of the mob at the murder of Walcher at
Gateshead in 1080 : " Schort red god red, slea ye the bischop "
(Wendover, Flo res Hist., ed. 1841, II, 17).
Will'm's ep'us]. The stone is not marked in Willis's plan (1727), nor is it
now to be found.
unth Malcome kinge of Scotts]. Had Malcolm been present, so memorable
an event would, one might think, never have been left unrecorded by
Symeon, who says in his History of the Church of Durham that the
NOTES ON I III-: TEXT. 24 J
bishop, Turgot, and the brethren placed the first stones in the
foundation Aug. 11, 1093, having begun to dig the foundations on
Friday, July 29th, which, by the way, they seem not to bave
regarded as an " unlucky day." The Continuator and other
authorities, however, represent Malcolm, Bishop William, and Prior
Turgot, as laying the three first foundation stones. See Symeon,
ed. Bedford, p. 236, and Surtees ed., Vol. I, xxvii, 103; Rolls
ed., II, 220; Freeman, William Rufus, II, tin. Ii seems on the
whole most likely that not only King Malcolm but the Earl of
Northumberland and all the magnates of the North were present,
Symeon not caring to mention any but ecclesiastics. And although
Malcolm had been a persecutor of the Church of St. Cuthbert, there
may have been peace just at this time.
Ranu/phus\. This and the two following stones lie side by side over the
stone coffins, are quite uniform, and are inscribed respectively,
>J< RANNVLFVS ' EPISCOPVS ■ , ijl GAVFRIDUS ■ EPI (the rest perished),
and WILLS : EPISCOPVS ■ SECVNDVS • For an account of an examina-
tion of the graves see Archceologia, XLY, 385 — 404, or Durham and
Northumb, Arch. Trans., II, 235 — 270 and plates.
Hugo de Puteaco], On a large piece and a small fragment of a thick blue
marble slab are an initial cross, parts of two letters, and O • EPS.
The slab is shown entire in Willis's plan, and was no doubt broken
up when the Chapter-house was demolished in 1796.
King S/eph. was his vncle\. Stephen addresses him as " nepoti meo " in a
charter, Scr. Tres, App. No. xxvii ; and in another charter (No.
xxxii) Henry II, who was a nephew of Stephen, describes the bishop
as " cognatus mens." But how the relationships came about does
not appear to be known.
Philippus}. Willis marks this stone in his plan, but as both it and the last
one came in the line of the wall made in 1796, they were destroyed,
together with the graves, in digging the foundations at that time.
This bishop was buried by laymen in unconsecrated ground outside
the bounds of the church (Scr. Tres, 26), but perhaps his body may
afterwards have been removed to the Chapter-house.
Richardus de marisco]. Also shown by Willis, but destroyed with the last
two.
Nicholaus defarnham\. A long blue grave-cover indicated by Willis still
bears the words >J< NICHOLAUS ■ de ■ farnam epi. It is said in ch.
xxxiv, p. 73, that Prior Melsonby, who was elected bishop by the
monks but not consecrated, and Bishop Farnham, lie under one stone
in the Chapter-house.
Walterus dc kirkham]. A long freestone cover similar to the earliest ones,
indicated by Willis, bears the words ^< WALTERUS ; DE • KIRKHEM
1 p. The bishop died at llowden on the eve of St. Laurence, a. 11.
1260, and was buried at Durham on tin- octave {Scr. Tres, 44). The
viscera were interred at llowden, where there is a grave-cover of
FrOSterley marble, now lying loose and broken in the church, with a
raised cross and lliis inscription: — II' RBQVl(escvn1 v)lCERA WALT']
kirkha' ■ ovo'da j dunelmib's 'bp'i ■ oka (the rest defaced).
16
242 RITES OF DURHAM.
Robert us Stichcll). Willis places a number on his plan with the reference
" Bps Robt de Insula & Robt Stickull." There is a blue marble slab,
large enough to cover two graves, in a broken and defaced condition,
on which may still be seen, .Ob't'" de • I'SUL. IKHYL. The
body of Robert de Insula may have been at first laid in the part of
the Chapter-house below the step, but afterwards removed to the
higher level immediately before the Bishop's seat. Bishop Stichell
died on his way home from the Council of Lyons, in 1274, at Arbi-
pellis (l'Arbresle, dep. Rhone), and was buried at the abbey of
Savigny, but his heart was brought to Durham. — Scr. Tres, 55.
Robertas de Insula]. See the last note.
Ricliardus de Kellow\ Both these marble stones are indicated in Willis's
plan and shown in Carter's with matrices of brasses on them. They
had been removed when the site of the east end of the Chapter-house
was examined in 1874. A portion of a slab, which may be that of
Kellaw, is now lying in the undercroft. — See Proc. Soc. Ant., Jan. 16,
1890.
king Malcolme caused, etc.]. In the tract De injusta vexatione (Bedford's
Symeon, p. 374) it is stated that on Sept. nth, 1092, Bishop William
destroyed the old church which Ealdhun had built, and, with Prior
Turgot and King Malcolm, laid the foundation stones of the new
church on August nth, 1093. See note above, p. 240. Notwith-
standing the silence of Symeon, Freeman thought that Malcolm was
present, and that his presence had a great political significance,
indicating that although the king of Scotland had been driven back
by William Rufus in 1091, friendly relations had now become
established.
one Egchvvn, etc.]. Bishop Egelwin or ^Ethelwyn died in 1071 ; William of
St. Carilef was bishop 1081-1086, according to all writers, whether
Scottish or other.
lyvcs of quene Margaret, etc.]. The Latin life of St. Margaret in Nova
Legenda Anglice and elsewhere has been attributed to Turgot, but no
writings by him " in the Scottishe tongue " are now known.
This Turgotus]. See above, pp. 67, 72.
emonges the rest ofye Bushops], His long narrow grave-cover of freestone
is indicated on Willis's plan, and the inscription »J< TVRGOTVS
episco . . . can just be made out. There is yet another very
interesting grave-cover in the Chapter-house, not noticed in Rites,
nor indicated in Willis's plan, namely that of Robert de Graystanes
the chronicler, who was elected, consecrated, and installed as bishop
of Durham, but was obliged by pope and king to retire in favour of
Richard de Bury in 1333. There are entries relating to this business
in Rolls, 521, 522, 525. His episcopal seal is shown in Surtees's His-
tory, Vol. I, Plates of Seals, PI. iii, No. 1. He died shortly after, and
was buried with the other bishops in the Chapter-house, where the
following inscription may be seen in letters filled up with lead, on a
long narrow stone (De Graystane) NATVS \ IACET \ HIC ■ ROBERTVS ■
HVMATVS LEGIBVS ARMATVS ROGO \ SIT SANCTIS \ SOCIATVS AMEN.
The two first words are gone, but are here taken from Willis's Cathe-
drals, I, 241. Prior Melsonby, who had been elected to the bishopric,
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 243
but against whom sixteen exceptions were raised by Henry III, so
that his election was quashed, was also buried in the Chapter-house,
and, as it happened, in the grave oi' Bishops Eadmund and Eadred
(" Etheldredus " in Scr. Tres). Miraculous visions are related in con-
nexion with liis death ami burial. — Scr. '/'res, pp. 38—41, and Ixxii.
seat of stone]. This seat is well shown by Carter in PL xi, and in his
drawing {Durham and Northumb. Arch. Trans., V, PI. ii). It was
destroyed in 1796, but the arms and oilier portions found in 1895
have been worked into a new chair made after Carter's plate.
During the nineteenth century, a common wooden chair served at
the installation of bishops, who, as the honorary heads of the
Chapter, are placed in the Chapter-house seat as well as in the
throne. The reconstructed stone chair was used for the first time at
the enthronement of Bishop Moule in 1901. The risers of the wall-
benches still remain in the apse and sides of the Chapter-house.
Carter's drawing shows them as they are now, but they have
probably been completed by oak seats for the monks originally, as
well as footboards "for warmeness " (Cf. pp. 62, 79). Billings, in
his " restored view," shows stone seats, which must be only
conjectural, for Carter's earlier drawing- shows nothing of the kind.
a prison nc]. For the plan, see Billings, PI. v. For the round-headed
doorway that led into it from the Chapter-house, see Durham and
Northumb. Arch. Trans., V, pi. iii. On the wall facing the
Chapter-house are traces of a mural painting representing Our Lord
in glory, as the Judge of all men. In the south wall of the eastern-
most of the two inner chambers is a hatch for passing food through,
and in the innermost of these, which has had between it and the last-
mentioned chamber a strong door with a bolt outside, is a latrine.
</ /aire glasse wyndowe]. Now filled with modern tracery and plain
glazing. For the other Jesse window, see p. 42.
XXVII, p. 57.
brmvght to yr abbei church]. For example, Eadmund was brought from
Gloucester, Walcher from Gateshead, Carilef from Windsor,
Pudsey from Howden, Philip of 1'oitou from some uneonsecratod
place outside the precincts of the Cathedral, De Marisco from
Peterborough, Farnham from Stockton, Kirkham from Howden,
Stichil's heart from l'Arbresle (Arbipellis), De Insula from Bishop
Middleham, Beck from Eltham, Kellawe from Bishop Middleham,
Beaumont from Brantingham, Bury from Auckland, Hatfield from
Alford near London. After this time none ot the bishops who died
away from Durham were brought to the Abbey until Pilkington,
having been buried at Auckland in 1575, was reburied at Durham.
Bishop James was buried near the grave of Pilkington at the west
end of the choir in 1617, since which date no bishop has been buried
in the cathedral church except Van Mildert.
y Customable burying of y* Bushopes]. On the burial of ecclesiastics see
Martene, Bed. Kit., Ill, xii, Sect, viii — xii ; Mom. Kit., X ', x — xiii.
phannell\. The fanon or maniple.
Vfstmt\. Here used in the narrower sense tor the chasuble.
244 RITES OK DURHAM.
Crutch\. A variety of crotch or croche or croce, a pastoral staff or crosier. —
See N. E. D. 5.7'. Crosier.
a title challice]. See above, notes on xxm, xxiv.
ye horsses, charette, etc.]. These are mentioned in the accounts of the
perquisites received by the church at the burials of Bishop William
of St. Carilef and of several of his successors. See the earlier
pages in Wills and Inventories (Surtees Soc. ), Part I. Together
with the horses and bier, the Church of Durham received either the
whole or a great part of the bishops' capellce, by which term was
meant the sets of vestments and other ornaments that they carried
about with them, including all the articles necessary for the pontifical
offices; "all there furniture belonging therto" (c. XXVIII). Raine
gives a list of the articles acquired by the Convent at the death
of each bishop from Carilef in 1095 to Langley in 1437. Brief Ace. ,
145, from a roll compiled by Prior Wessington. Rolls, Index under
Baudekyns, Char' d'ni Ep'i.
ye historic of ye church of Durisme at large]. Perhaps the same as Acts
of the Bishops ; see above, p. 228, and just below in ch. XXVIII.
But the Serif tores Tres may possibly be the work referred to in all
these cases. Here cf. Scr. Tres, p. 142, and Durham Wills and
Inventories, I, 1 — 5, etc.
XXVIII, pp. 58-59.
Anthony Bceke], As to the bishops, see above, p. 240W.
in a /aire Marble Tombe\. There is now only a plain floor-slab of blue
marble on which is a small brass plate with the following lines : —
" Presul magnanimus Antonius hie jacet imus | Jerusalem strenuus
Patriarcha fuit quod opimus | Annis vicenis regnabat sex et j plenis |
Mille trecentenis Christo moritur quoque denis | Restauratum a
Roberto Drummond Willoughby de Eresby 1834" j . The epitaph
has been taken from Browne Willis, Cathedrals, Vol. I, p. 239.
The tomb was before the one altar of St. Aidan and St. Helen (not
" 2 alters "), see p. 2.
ye wall beinge broken}. See above, p. 194/;.
Raphe lord Nevile\. The writer is mistaken here. It was Ralph, the
grandson of the hero of Neville's Cross, that was called Daw Raby,
and was first Earl of Westmoreland. The earlier Ralph Lord Neville
and Alice de Audley his wife were originally buried in the nave
before the Jesus Altar. The former died in 1367, and the latter in
1374. Their bodies were removed to the site of the Neville chantry,
where the eastern of the two Neville tombs now is, in 1416, by licence
from Bishop Langley (Scr. Tres, App. No. clxxxi, p. ccvi). Their
tomb has been a very fine one, but has been denuded of almost all its
ornamentation and of its inscription. The alabaster effigy of Lord
Ralph is reduced to a headless and otherwise mutilated trunk ; that
of the Lady Alice is tolerably perfect. A Durham Calendar contains
this entry : — " vii Id. Aug. Ob . . . Radulphus de Nevell et Alic.
vxor eius." — Harl. MS. 1804. The tomb of Lord John and of
Matilda Percy, his former wife, under the next arch to the west, is in
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 243
much better condition, and has niches with "weepers" all round,
together with many shields bearing the saltire of Neville and the lion
rampant of Percy. The effigies, however, are both reduced to
something like great boulders. There is no indication ol any
inscription having been included in the design. Both tombs are
shown in Carter, PI. v, that of Ralph, on larger scale, in PL vi, and
that of John, in Billings, PI. xlviii.
Lodowicus Bellomonie]. See above, pp. 14, 206.
Ricardus de Berye\. Above, pp. -\ 194.
Thorn's Hatfeilde\ Above, pp. 19, 210.
WaUerus Schirley], Above, pp. i!S, 209.
Thorn's Latigley]. Above, pp. 44, 230.
Robertas \ei-<ell\. Above, pp. 40, 11^.
Cuthbertus Tuns/all]. " In his Will, proved ,/a«. 30, 1559-60, he order'd to
be buried before the Crucifix, or Rood Lo(t, of Durham Cathedral, if
be died in his Diocese ; or, if he died in London, in St. Paul's
Cathedral, where lie had been Bishop, near Thomas Linacrc." He
was, however, buried in Lambeth Parish Church with this epitaph : —
" Anglia Cuthbertum Tonstallum moesta requirit | Cujus summa
domi Laus erat atque (oris Rhetor Arithmeticus Juris Consultus &
aequi ] Legatusque fuit, denique Presul erat ■ Aunorum salur &
magnorum plenus Honorum | Vertitur in Cineres Aureus iste senex | .
Vixit annos lxxxv, Obiit 18 Nov. MCCCCCLIX." — Browne Willis,
Cathedrals, I, 245.
XXIX, pp. 59 — 60.
ye centric garth]. It will readily be perceived that " centrie " is a con-
tracted form of " cemetery." Cos., H. 44, C, L., and Da v., have
" Centory " ; Hunter's editions have " Centrev," "Centery," and
" Centry " ; Sanderson has "Centry"; H. 45 has "Sanctuary";
and Roll, above, pp. 52, 53, "Sentuarie," and " Sentory." The
Centry Garth is now wholly effaced as a place of burial. See below,
in this same chapter.
a vaulte all sett, etc.]. There is a similar and probably later vault, now-
closed, in the cemetery on the north side of the church ; see the next
note.
a Chamcll house to cast dead mens bones in]. It was the usual practice.
when bones were disinterred in making new graves, to put them
aside in some sort of a charnel or bone-house, and not to return them
to the earth as is commonly done now, ov to stow them under the
floors of pews, as was often done from the seventeenth to the nine-
teenth century. One of the most famous chamois was on the
north side of OKI St. Pauls. "This yen- (1548) was put downe
the chappell with the charnell bowse in Powlles church yerde . . .
and a iiij. or v. C. lode of bones caned in to the feldes and burryd
there." — Chron. Grey Friars (Camd. Soc, LIU, 1852), 37. The
crypt under the chapter-house at Ripon Minster was used as a
charnel, known far and wide as " Ripon Hone-bouse." The bones
were removed and buried in 1865. — Walbran's Guide, 1N74, p. 74
(wood-cut illustration). In the present cemetery OH the north side
246 RITES OF DURHAM.
of Durham Cathedral is a large charnel vault wholly below the
surface, marked by a long stone inscribed with the word vault. It
was discovered 2nd February, 1831, and is described in Raine's
Brief Account , p. 127. It occupies the same situation as the charnel
vault at Worcester, over which was the charnel chapel, served by a
little college of six chaplains. — Prof. Willis, in Arch. Journal, XX, 259.
There was a chapel at Evesham known as the camarium or charnel-
house. — Liber Evesham, H. Bradshaw Soc, p. 161. The charnel
house at Abingdon was pulled down at the Dissolution. — Accounts,
Camd. Soc, 167. The crypts so often found under the east ends of
chancels and aisles in parish churches, as at Grantham, North-
borough, Sandwich St. Peter, Hatfield (Yorks.), etc., were used
for the same purpose. See further in Bloxam, Gothic Architecture,
nth edition, 18S2, Vol. II, pp. 185 — 196.
Mr Racket i\. John Rackett and Lionel Elmeden appear among the Lord
Prior's gentlemen in 1510, infra, App. V, p. 144.
yc pictur . . . all in Brasse]. Brasses on tombs outside churches were not
usual, but the writer seems to have had a clear recollection ot this
tomb, as well as of the others which were defaced in the sixteenth
century.
a washinge howsc]. There is an old building now on the east side ot the
garth, and it may possibly have been Dean Whittingham's laundry.
XXX, pp. 60 — 62.
Holy Water stones]. See above, ch. xix.
taken awat'e]. No remains of them are now known to exist.
a conveiance . . . as thei had, etc.]. Holy-water stones sometimes had
drains for emptying, but not often.
Lambes shop ye black smyth]. Robert Lambe made a crook, etc., for the
organ, and did other smith's work for the Chapter in 1593. — Rolls,
738.
now to be sene]. Probably employed as the base on which Lambe's anvil
was fixed.
Mris Whittingham\. See note on ch. XV, p. 216. She bequeathed her house
in the North Bailey, " with the lyttle house upon the wall,'' and her
lands near Orleans to her son Timothy. Her houses in Kingsgate,
near the Bow Church, to her son Daniel. Her armour and warlike
furniture to her sons and grandson ; also Foxe's Acts and Monuments
and her great French Bible to other relatives. Her husband's will,
and copious extracts from her own, are printed in Durham Wills and
Inventories, II, 14 — 19. Both are exceedingly interesting.
ye Abbey yard ivher now they are]. There are many early grave-covers
lying in the churchyard on the north side of the Cathedral and in the
cellarage under the Dorter at the present time. It may here be
noted that the Cathedral Church of Durham has usually been called
" The Abbey " by Durham people, but the term is now obsolescent
except at the Grammar school, where the Cathedral is never called
anything else. The influences that destroy old traditions elsewhere
do not as yet greatly affect the boys in this matter.
NOTES ON THE 1 EX I . 247
Ambrose Myers], Some one oi this name gave u> the Chapter Library,
isi January, 1665, a copy of Walton's Polyglot, ed. 1037, in 6 vols. fo.
XXXI, pp. 62—63.
A Song School in the Century Garth], The earlier Song-school. For a later
arrangement, see above, ch. xi, and at the end of this chapter.
betwixt two fillers]. I.e. buttresses, or corner turrets. The building
probably ran north and south.
the children of ' thalmarie]. See ch. xi.yiii.
ye place where ye mr did sitt]. This place seems to have been very much
like later and modern schoolmasters' desks. Mr. John Brimley was
the last oi the masters of the old time. See ch. XXII, p. 43, and note,
P- -3'-
ye priors gentlemen]. The upper servants or attendants in the Lord
Prior's household. At Ely they had liveries of "depgrene" and
" litgrene." — Stewart, Ely Cathedral, 237. At Durham there was no
fixed colour ; we find mention oi' green and motley, green ray, blue
and green, blue mixture, and red mixture. — Roils, 598, O17, 632, 636.
one cannot tell almost]. The effacemonl of the old Song School has been
completed by the refacing oi' the wall against which it stood.
XXXII, pp. 63—68.
The xiij'o . . . of ye Callandes, etc.]. St. Cuthbert died 13 Kal. Apr. (20
.Mar.), 687. The old editions all wrongly say " the 20. of the Calends
of March."
lyeth waike]. Lithe or supple. See X. E. D., under Leathwick.
in a fereture light]. Bede's words are " in levi area,'' " levi in theca,"
meaning apparently the wooden coffin still existing in great part, as
distinguished from the stone coffin in which the body was laid at
first. See Metrical Life , ,vs.s4, note. The wooden coffin was covered
with carvings of saints and angels, with their names in Roman and
Runic characters. See Catalogue of Sculptured Stones, etc., Durham,
1899, pp. 133 — 156 and Plates 1--13.
said to be descended]. Here the writer is following the fabulous Irish
legend.
brought up in the Abbey of Mailros], So according to Bede and the more
trust worth}' authorities, as Symeon, who, in the main, are followed
in this chapter.
abbotl Edrede], Eadred, abbot of Carlisle, who was summoned by Eardulph,
bishop oi Lindisfarne, that they might consult on this matter.
Symeonis Hist. Eccl, Dunelm,, cap. xxi (lib. n, cap. vi).
men of ye shire]. The Haliwerfolc or holy man's people. The wanderings
of the Corsaint or holy body are described in the Metrical Life and in
the earlier accounts referred to in tin- Surtees Society's edition
thereof.
turned into bloode]. It has been suggested that the water may have been
coloured bv the red earth ot tlu' east of Cumberland.
248 RITES OF DURHAM.
ye bookc of y Holic Evangelistes], This book is supposed to be still in
existence in the British Museum Library, to be identical, in tact, with
the " Lindist'arne Gospels," thus described in the second volume of
the Pala^ographical Society's facsimiles, PI. iii : — " Cotton MS. Nero
D. IV. About a.d. 700. The Four Gospels, in Latin, of St. Jerome's
version, with Prefaces, Eusebian Canons, etc. ; and with an interlinear
English gloss. Written at Lindisfarne, in honour of St. Cuthbert,
Bishop of Lindisfarne, who died a.d. 687. Quarto ; 258 leaves, of
I31A x 97/& inches, in double column of 24 lines, stout well-dressed
vellum. A note at the end, in characters of the tenth century, by
Aldred, the glossator, states that the MS. was written by Eaclfrith,
Bishop of Lindisfarne (A.D. 698-721) ; that the ornamentation was
added by Ethilwald, Bishop of Lindisfarne (a.d. 724-740) ; that
Bilfrith the Anchorite worked the jewelled covers ; and that Aldred
the Priest added the gloss." It has been shown by Mr. Edmund
Bishop that this MS. has been copied from a Neapolitan MS., which
was brought to England by a missionary from Rome, and that thus
the Lindisfarne draughtsman would have the Byzantine drawings
which have evidently served as his models. Facsimiles of the
writing, and of some of the most elaborately ornamented pages,
will be found in Plates 3 — 6 and 22. Detailed accounts are given
by Sir E. Maunde Thompson in Bibliographica, 1894, Vol. I, pp.
132-8, PI. iv, and English Illuminated MSS., 1895, pp. 4-10, PI. i,
and by Westwood in Miniatures and Ornaments, Lond., 1868,
p. 23> PI- xi'' x'ii- See also the Prolegomena to the fourth
volume in the Surtees Society's Lindisfarne Gospels, and
authorities there cited. It is quite possible that it remained at
Lindisfarne until the flight of the monks, c. 878, went about with
them in their wanderings, was lost in the sea and recovered, and
came to Durham with the monks in 995. Symeon, whose history
ends in 1096, mentions that the book on which Eadfrith, Ethilwald,
and Bilfrith had laboured was kept in Durham up to his time, and
believed to be that which was lost in the sea about 200 years before.
When Lindisfarne was re-established about 1095, the book apparently
went to its old home, and there remained till the Dissolution. In the
yearly inventories of the monks of Lindisfarne Priory an entry
supposed to refer to it regularly occurs, viz., " Liber Beati Cuthberti
qui demersus erat in mare." In 1623 it was in the hands of Mr.
Robert Bowyer, clerk to the House of Commons, who disposed of it
to Sir Robert Cotton. From him it passed to the British Museum
with the rest of his MSS. Dr. Raine rightly considered that the
book by its appearance abundantly confirmed the tradition of its
immersion, and completely disproved Symeon's assertion that it was
uninjured (67. Cuthb., 47). But he and Symeon looked at it with
different eyes. Sir F. Madden believed the stains on the vellum to
have been occasioned by sea water (Lindisf. Gosp., Surt. ed., IV,
Pref. xxviiwf.). There can be no doubt whatever that water has got
in between the leaves, in some cases forming map-like stains where it
has crept in the furthest, but as the edges have been cropped off in
binding, they no longer afford any evidence. The edges of the
leaves of a vellum book would at once swell when immersed in water,
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 249
In such a way thai very little wet would gel in if the book were well
clasped. The present binding, studded with jewels and gold, was
provided by Bishop Maltby at a cost of ^75.
much more bewtifull than it was before]. This is a later touch. Symeon
says nothing more than that ii was no worse; "in quo nullum
omnino, ul diximus, per aquam lesionis signum monstratur." Hist.
Eccl. Dunelm., II, xii (xxvii).
a read horse]. Redd, p. 70, i.e., reddish brown. We find in the Rolls
" pultra rosea," 199; " stagg rubius cortal," 399 ; "equus sor," ^35;
"alloc rub.," "alloc sor." (red herrings), frequently. And so we
speak of " rod hair."
from Sacte Cuthbtes date . . . bodie ofSacte Cuthb:]. This passage is found
only in the Roll, ami it seems to bo unintelligible.
Warde Lawe], Probably one of the hills immediately to the east of Durham,
not Warden Law near Houghton-Ie-Spriiig.
a woman lacking her kowe]. This is the first appearance of the legend of
the Dun Cow; see again below, pp. 71, 74, 249, 254; Mctr. Life, Intr.
x. Tin- legend is told more full)' in cli. XXXIV, where also the
sculpture is mentioned.
a great Rush of t homes]. "Rush' is a Northern term for a natural or
self-sown thicket. See H alii well, and Atkinson's Cleveland Glossary.
chappell of wandes]. Constructed of wattles or hurdles. See Adamnan's
Life of St. Columba, Oxf. edition, p. 72M. This had been quite
a usual method of constructing temporary churches, the remote
predecessors of the modern "iron churches."
White Kirke so called]. There is some confusion about the various
churches. The concluding sentence of Symeon's lib. hi, cap. 2, reads
as it tin- White Church had been a different building from Aldhune's,
and so Hegge understood it, though it is patient of a construction
making the "alba secclesia " and the "major aecclesia" to be the
same. Rites here speaks of the "white kirke" as distinct from the
"great kirke," sc. of Aldhune, but in Cos. MS. (eh. xxxiv) of the
"white Chapell " as "a part of the great church" of Aldhune.
Reginald speaks of Aldhune's church with two towers as "Alba
ecclesia" {Reg. Dunelm., cap. xvi). The white church was perhaps
a small whitewashed stone building', more substantial than the
" Wanded kirk," attached in some way, while it stood, to the
" mickle kirk,' and in that sense " a part of" it ; see p. 72.
ye more kyrke or gret kirke]. An example of the old sense of more
meaning greater, comparative ot great, surviving in place-names, as
.Much Wenlock, More Monk ton. So Shakspeare in A'. John, ii, 1,
34, "To make a more requital to your love."
iijo yeres after]. This mistake is repeated in MSS. Cos. ami II. 44, as well
as in all tin- editions after that of Davies, which savs "thirty." MS.
L. says "23 yeans and more"; C, "almost twenty-nine wares."
In point of fact, Aldhune came to Durham in 995, and died in 1018.
Mxxijo yeres paste]. This is unintelligible. The other MSS. ami the
editions previous to 1S42 give the right date, namely 1093.
25O RITES OF DURHAM.
Bushippe Will'iii and Priour Turgoll]. Here the writer follows Synieon in
saying nothing1 about King Malcolm ; see above, pp. 240, 242.
V old church buylt by Aid units]. " Of that church," says Greenwell
(Durk. Catli., 14), " I do not know that a single stone remains visible
to the eye, though there are, no doubt, thousands of the stones
belonging to it enclosed within these walls."
buylded & finished]. Only so far as the eastern end of the nave.
ye White church], Aldhune's " mickle kirk" is here meant. See note a
little above, p. 249. It is likely enough that the little temporary church
and Aldhune's great church both went by the same name.
ye fereture]. Seech. II.
ye booke . . . wch was lost in ye sea]. The writer is here mixing up two
totally distinct books, the large text of the Four Gospels referred to
above, p. 248, and the small copy of St. John's Gospel which was
found in the coffin of St. Cuthbert in 1104, was kept at Durham until
the Dissolution, and is now at Stonyhurst, after having passed
through various hands. Its size is only about 5^ by 2H inches, and
it is supposed to have been St. Cuthbert's vade-mecum, carried in a
satchel slung round his neck. In the account of the Translation in
Acta SS. Boll., Mar. 20, p. 142, cap. iii, it is said that Bishop
Flambard, while preaching, held it up for the people to see, and that
meanwhile an attendant stole a thread out of the satchel-cord and
hid it in his shoe. Being then seized by severe pain in his leg, he
restored the thread, and was at once cured. An interesting account
of this little book and its three red leather satchels is given by
Reginald, who tells us how Bishop Pudsey hung it round the neck of
Archbishop (afterwards Saint) William of York, who examined its
pages, and put it round the necks of his friends. — Reg. Dunelm.,
cap. xci. A good idea of it may be gathered from the Palasographic
Society's Vol. II, PI. 17, and description, as follows: "The Gospel
of St. John, in Latin, of St. Jerome's version. Vellum, measuring
5^ X 3H >ns- 5 ninety leaves, of twenty lines in a page ; written,
probably on the Continent, in the seventh century. On the fly-leaf at
the beginning, the following note, in a hand of about 1300, records
the tradition that the MS. was found in the tomb of St. Cuthbert, who
died A.D. 687: — ' Evangelium Johannis quod inuentum fuerat ad capud
' beati patris nostri Cuthberti in sepulcro jacens Anno Translacionis
'ipsius' [1104]. This note is copied from one of rather older date,
which was written at the head of the Gospel, but afterwards erased.
In the lining of the binding is a fragment of a plea roll of the Prior
of Durham, bearing a date of 1264. The MS. was long in
possession of the Earls of Lichfield. It passed in 1769 to the
Anglican College of Jesuits at Liege, whence it was again brought
to England, and it now forms part of the library of Stoneyhurst
College." The writing is in small and beautiful uncial characters.
There is no ornamentation.
thorowgh his Revelac'on], The historical narrative contained in this chapter
is based mainly on Bede and Symeon, and it may be compared with
the English Metrical Life of St, Cuthbert.
\ol ES ON I III-: 1'KXT. 251
XXXIII, pp. 68—69.
,; fain toutnbe of stone]. This tomb seems to bave been in the same
relation to the present church as the little White Church had been to
the Mickle White Church of AJdhune. In Cosin's MS. (ch. x\x\ ) ii
is said to have been made by Bishop William of St. Carilef. We
have no earlier notices of it than those in Rites. In [896 a careful
search was made in the cloister-garth for its substructure or other
remains, but nothing was found. It appears to bave stood on the
spot where the shrine had stood in Aldhune's church. See the
inscription below, p. 141, concerning Bishop Ralph Flambard.
a memorie and speciall monumt]. The writer of this version of the account
seems from this passage and from the beginning of the chapter as it
stands in the Roll, without the gloss from II. 45, to have thought
that the monument stood on the site of the wattled church. The
Cosin MS. (ch. xxxv) does not bring this out. It may or may not
have been the case.
a Registr house]. Frequently mentioned below. This was the Registry of
the monastery. The Bishop's diocesan and palatinate Registry was
a distinct building provided by Bishop Langley (Durham WUls ana
Inventories, I, 88). It was constructed between the north porch
and the N.W. tower, and is shown by Carter in PL iv.
certaine commissioners]. The commission here referred to was a later one,
designed to be supplementary to that under Henry VIII, which dealt
with St. Cuthbert's shrine.
Doc/our Harvy and Doe/our Whitby]. These commissioners appear to be
otherwise unknown to fame. Their lives are not given in the
Dictionary of National Biography.
Corpus Christi Shrine]. See ch. LVI.
Doctour Home]. See above, on ch. XXV, p. 239.
XXXIX', pp. 69—74.
note by Dr. Hunter], The dates in this chapter are correctly noted, by
Dr. Hunter, as is supposed, in the margin of MS. Cosin.
bough church]. It has been imagined that the church of St. Mary in the
North Bailey stands on the site of the wattled church or "church
of boughs," and that this was the origin of its name of Bow Church
or St. Marv-le-Bow. But the church, like that of the same name in
London, really derives its name from an arch or " bow " over which
its lower stood, ami which spanned the street. This tower fell
August JQth, 1637. It is much more likely that the tomb in the
cloister-court (ch. xxxiiii was on the site of the wattled church.
all the cuntry], Symeon says that carl Uhtred's people came in great
numbers "a llumine Coqued usque Tosam."— Lib. Ill, cap. ii (xxxvii).
as a part , etc.]. See above, p. 249.
For which famous work, etc.). This statement of Davies, no foundation for
which has been found, is not repeated in the later editions. But in a
Durham Missal (HarL 5289, fo. 334) is a mass Set. Karilephi abb'is.
Bishop William may have instituted the commemoration in honour
2yi RITES OF DURHAM.
of his former patron saint, and in later times the saint may have been
wrongly identified with the bishop.
did arch it ouer]. If this statement be not altogether incorrect, it must
refer to the western portion of the vaulting. Canon Greenwcll,
pp. 36 — 38, thinks it most unlikely that any portion of the nave
vaulting can be so late as 1242, although, as he points out, instances
of assimilated work do occur. Leland says, " Nic. Fernham,
episcopus, fecit testudinem templi 1242. — (Coll., I, 122, edition 1774).
Graystanes (Scr. Trcs, 77) mentions extensive repairs of the nave
roof which must have been effected £ibout 1245, and it is hardly
likely that the outer roof could require to be repaired " de novo"
within three or four years of its being made. Indeed the continuator
of Symeon says that in the interval between the death of Flambard
in 1 128 and the accession of Galfrid Rufus in 1133, " navis ecclesise
Dunelmensis monachis operi instantibus peracta est." — Syni. Contin.,
cap. i.
under one stone]. Prior Melsonby may have been buried in the chapter-
house as having been bishop-elect. See ch. xxvi, note on Bishop
Nich. de Farnham.
in an iron chcs/\. There is a mistake here, unless the writer means an
iron-bound chest.
King Stephen's nephew]. See note above, p. 241.
the Consistory]. The Consistory Court was held in the Galilee both
previous to and long after the Reformation. For some time the
Spiritual Chancellor had his seat over Bishop Langley's tomb, as
shown in a drawing in B.M. Kayc Coll., Vol. II, No. 211 (c. 1780),
which represents it as a sort of square pulpit. To this relates the
inscription in black-letter over the great arch, "Judicium Jehovae
est. Domine Deus da servo tuo cor intelligens ut judicet populu tuu
et discernat inter bona et malum." In Carter's plan, c. 1796, the
situation of the fittings is shown as having then been on the south
side of the Galilee, facing north. These fittings were removed about
that time, with a view to the destruction of the Galilee, and in 1796-7
Mr. Morpeth fitted up a new Spiritual Court in the eastern chapels of
the north transept, previously used as the Minor Canons' vestry, at a
cost of ,£68. These fittings were removed in 1845. Record of
Benefactions, 1858, under the dates ; Raine, Br. Ace., 34. Since
1845, the Court has again been held in the Galilee, as occasion has
arisen, but without any special fittings.
as aboue is declared]. In ch. XXII.
the Priory of Finkley]. Bishop Flambard (1099-1128) gave the hermitage
at Finchale, with its fields and fishery, to St. Godric in his life-time,
to be tenanted by two monks of Durham after his death. Bishop
Pudsey (1153-1195) continued the grant by Flambard, and gave the
two monks a tract of land adjoining. It was Henry de Pudsey, one of
the three sons of the bishop, who was the real founder of the Priory
of Finchale as a house for a number of monks, transferring thereto a
monastic foundation which he had placed for a short time at Haswell,
and then at Bacstanford, in 1196. See Charters and Preface in the
SurieeN Society's volume 6, The Priory of Finchale. None of
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 253
Pudsey's work can be identified at Pinchale now, bul in 1837 Dr.
Raine wrotej "the monks entirely rebuilt their church. The only
trace of their former edifice which was suffered to remain was the
tomb of Godric their patron saint . . . of the altar shape, with
Norman pilaster mouldings at its corners. These are the only stones
in the edifice which bear the stamp of Norman architecture." Priory
of Finchale, Pref., p. xviii. The present church was begun in 1242
and was not finished in 1266.
(he Hospitall of Allerton\. The hospital of St. James, founded by Bishop
Pudsey, was in the township of Romanby, about a mile east of
Northallerton. The site is marked by a farm house still called the
Spital. Further particulars, and references, are given in Hutchinson's
Durham, III, 42c).
Sherburne Hospital], About 1181 or 1 182. Pudsey's Foundation Charter
and Constitutions are printed in complete sets of Allan's Collectanea,
The ancient residence of the masters was destroyed in 1833. There
are views of it in B.M., Kaye Coll., Vol. Ill, 61 — 70; in Allan's
Collections (in Collectanea) relating to Sherburn Hospital, 1771
(frontispiece) ; and in Hutchinson, II, 589. The gatehouse has been
spared, and retains its original vaulting. The south side of the
nave of the chapel and the north side of the tower are Pudsey's
work. See Billings, County of Durham, 61 and plate.
Elvet bridge . . with two Chappels\. Elvet bridge is a wonderful piece of
engineering, consisting as it does not only of the arches over the
river, but of a number of dry arches carrying the approach from
the north through the street now called Elvet Bridge. These
form cellars belonging to the shops and houses in the street. The
bridge was either not completed in Pudsey's time or soon needed
repair, for in 1225 and 1228 Archbishop Walter Grey issued
indulgences for its "construction." It was again extensively
repaired in 1495 and 1771, and widened in 1804-5. Ribs were inserted
under the later portions of the arches in 1900. Some of these ribs are
constructed of stone, others of brick and cement ! One of the two
chapels was founded by Lewen, a burgess of Durham, and dedicated
in honour of St. James, the other, much earlier, by William, son of
Absolon, and dedicated in honour of St. Andrew ; this latter was at
the south end of the bridge, where a building now stands. For St.
James's, see Kellawe's Register, Rolls ed., II, p. 1 173, and pp. 833, 871.
St. James's was covered in by 36 square yards of lead, and St.
Andrew's by 88. Inventories of Church Coo, is, Surtees Soc, p. 147 ;
Rolls, under Andrew, St.
a Mannor and Church at Darlington]. The Manor house of the bishops is
supposed to have been built about 11O4; for a description of it, and
reproduction oi' an old view, see Longstaffe's Darlington , p. 1S7 ; <•/!
pp, 43, 62. The work of building the church was going on in 1 192 ;
it is Early English in style, quite different from Pudsey's earlier
works, which are Romanesque. See Longstaffe's Darlington,
frontispiece, and pp. 1S7, 213 ; Longstaffe in Durham and Northumb.
Arch, trans., I, 6 ; Billings, County of Durham, 2Q, and three
plates. J. F. HodgSOn, in Arch. Ailianu, Vol, XVII,
254 RITES OF DURHAM.
he bought . . . the Earldome of Sadberge]. The price paid was £\ 1,000 for
the earldom of Northumberland for life, and the wapentake of
Sadberge (not properly an earldom) in perpetuity. Scr. Tres, pp. 14,
lix — lxii ; Surtees, Hist., [11,265; and on the Palatinate generally,
Lapsley, Co. Pal. of Durham, passim.
Aldwinus on the out side of his Church, etc.]. This and what follows about
Carilef and Flambard must be mere baseless tradition. At any rate
Flambard could not have set up anything: on the outside of the Nine
Altars, a building begun 114 years after his death.
a milke maidc milkinge hir hoive\. This is the first mention of the Dun Cow
sculpture and legend. The present sculpture, representing two
women and a cow, was substituted (about 1775) for the old one, of
which there is a woodcut in Hutchinson's Durham, 17S7, II, 226.
The Dun Cow legend was most likely a piece of local folk-lore not
thought by earlier writers to be of sufficient importance to be
recorded. Xot even Reginald makes any reference to it.
XXXVI, pp. 75-77.
Buship Shirley and Bushop Langley}. On Skirlaw's work (138S-1405), see
Scr. Tres, 145 ; Durham Wills and I?iv., II, 44 ; and on that of Langley
( 1406-1437), Scr. Tres, pp. 146, cciv. Ten rolls of the annual expenses
have been preserved ; there is a short abstract of them in Raine's
Brief Account, p. 87. Little of the original work is left save the oak
ceiling, and that has been tampered with by the introduction of
heraldic shields that were not there before.
the Dirivatory). This mistake is repeated by Davies, who has the whole of
the passage here printed from the Lawson MS. It is corrected to
"Dormitory" in ed. 1842, 64^. The other editions omit the reference
to the Dormitory. The Cambridge MS. has " Deriuitory, ' and Harl.
has " Deribitory."
ye hole storie & ?nyricles\. Here, as in the St. Cuthbert window at York,
which is fully described in Yks. Arch. Jml., IV, 249 ff., and XI, 486 ff.,
the Irish legend was followed for the saint's childhood. The York
window contains the inscription " (Ora)te p' a'ia Th. longley Ep'i
dunelm. qui istam fenestra' fieri fecit." Langley had been canon of
York in 1400, and dean in 1401. For earlier versions of the Irish
legend see Libellus de Ortu S. Cuthb. in Misc. Biogr. (Surtees Soc),
63 ff. ; Metrical Life, 3 ff.
the brightc beamcs, etc.]. A very usual incident in the legends of Saints'
births.
Mullocke . . . as much as to sale Cuthbert]. Probably a mere fancy of the
writer. " Multi sunt Sancti, qui in Hibernicis Molaca, Moloca, et
Molaga et Moluoc appellantur." — Colgan, Triadis Thaumaturgce
Acta, p. 50, n. 52. There can be no connexion in meaning between
the names Cuthbert and Moluog. "Cuthbert" is formed of A.S.
Cu5, known, and beorht, brightness ; "Moluog" of Irish Mo-lua-og,
my little Lua, short for Lughaid, which is a proper name, perhaps
connected with Lugh, little.
H ardbrecins\. Supposed to be Ardbraccan, in Meath.
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 2$^
Sertain verses]. Explanatory verses, sometimes Latin, often English, were
commonly used in like cases.
the said toumbe], Ch. xxxm, xxw.
Cotnmed of a princelie Raice\ Here the writer is following the fabulous
Libellus de Or/it. See Metrical Life, p. 3, etc.
certaine Bushopes armes]. See note above. From Dugdale's notes at the
Heralds' College, we Irani, says Raine (Brief Account, 88), thai there
were in 1666 in the cloister "the arms oi~ Bishop Skirlaw (often
repeated, and in one instance with the cross in saltire), Clifford,
Willoughby, Bowel Archbishop of York, Neville (more than once),
Spencer, Latimer, Langley, Umf'reville, Do la I lay, Newark and \Yv-
cliffe (Skirlaw's two executors), Greystock, Bertram, Hilton, Scroop
of Masham, Dacre, Mowbray, Percy, Maltravers, Lumley, Basset,
Eure, Tempest, Ogle, Kyme, Fulthorp, Howes, Hansard, Old Percy,
Percy and Lucy, Beauchamp, Heron, Vere, Surtees, Chancellor,
Mitford of Molesdon, Widdrington, Elstob, Montboucher, Middleham,
the See of Durham, and three other coats. These were restored in
1828, but by a mistake . . . there were added, at the same time, the
bearings which Dugdale had observed upon Hatfield's tomb, and in
the windows of the Nine Altars." Scarcely any of the original
"embellishments" were discernible in 1824. — Allan, Durham and its
Environs, 32.
XXXVII, pp. 77-78.
maundy thursdaie). The ceremonies of the Maundy (so called from the
first word of the antiphon Mandatum novum do vobis, etc.), described
in this and the following chapter, date in some form or other from
the sixth century, if not earlier. The constitutions of Priors Absolon,
German and Bertram in the twelfth century provide for the Maundy at
Durham. — Hutchinson, Durh., II, 69^., 70;^ The ceremonial
washings seem to have arisen out of ordinary washings done in
preparation for Easter, and the ceremonial refection called Ceena
Domini out of the ordinary supper. Both acquired a special
character by being associated with the washing pf the disciples' feet
and the Last Supper. The details varied in different places, and
increased in number as time went on. There were other ceremonies
on Maundy Thursday and during the rest of Holy Week which are
not mentioned in Rites, as the blessing of palms on Palm Sunday,
and on Maundy Thursday the Reception of Penitents, the Consecra-
tion of the Oils, the stripping and washing of altars. The author
may have had a more vivid recollection of the rites here described,
from having taken pari in them as a boy. Much information on the
subject may be found in Isidorus Hispalensis, Migne, Patr. Lat., Vol.
83, p. 764; />'. F. A/binus sen Alcuinus, ib„ 101, p. 1203; Amalarius
lie Div. Off., il>., 105, p. 101 ! ; Joannes Abricensis, Hi. , 147, p. 127;
Martene, de Ant. Man. Ritibus, et de Ant. Keel. Disc. ; Indices to
these s.v. Mandatum ; the Sanim, York, Roman, and other missals;
Lib. Evesham, cols. 85 - 87, p. nycy; I.unfranc in Reyner or Wilkins ;
the Cistercian Consuetudines, Guignard (1878), p. 1105 Rock, IV, 234 ;
II. J. Feasey, Hofy Week Ceremonial, 95 j Ellis and Brand, Popular
Antiquities, I, 142 — 150.
256 RITES OF DURHAM.
xiif> poore aired men]. This was the Mandatum Pauperum, or Prior's
Maundy, corresponding with the Abbot's at Westminster, Evesham,
etc. ; the number of poor men varied. Thirteen stood for Christ and
the Twelve Apostles.
ix a clock]. In the evening ; the rites concluded with Compline.
a fair longe broad thickc fourme\. See the addition at the end of this
paragraph, p. 78. When that addition was made, the Prior's Maundy
bench may have been placed in the transept together with the long
form mentioned p. 34, and both used as ordinary seats. So late as
1S01 what then passed as a Maundy bench was still kept in the
Revestry. — See Carter's Plan, U 4, and description, p. 7 ; B.M.
Kaye Coll., Vol. II, No. 147, which, however, does not show the
" peces " . . "like unto a man." If (he seat represented in the
drawing was really the old Maundy bench, these pieces must have
been removed before the drawing was made. Or perhaps the seat
is one of later date, or it may have been the " long forme " mentioned
p. 34. See the next note.
ye prior dyd washe, etc.]. The Maundy was continued in some form after
the Dissolution. In 1545 we find "for the mand mayd apon mand
thirsday at Mr. Deyn commandement, ijs. xd." — Durh. Misc. Cart.
2751-9. In 1547, " In cena domini post mandatum. In ceruisia vj
gall, ad \)d. ob., xvd. In pane, iiija'. In vino clareto, j gall., xij^.
In vino rubeo j pottell, vnjd." — lb. , 71 19; see Rolls, under Maundy.
There are many notices of the Maundy wine, sweetmeats, etc., in the
Ripon Rolls. — See Mem. Ripon, III, Index.
xxxd in money]. With reference to the thirty pieces of silver.
certahic wafers], Obleys, or nebula? of wheat flour were made for the
Maundy at Lincoln in 1406. — Wordsw., 185.
the Usher door]. Mentioned again in ch. XLIV, p. 87, and XLVII, p. 90 ; it
must be the door leading into the Deanery at the south-east corner
of the cloisters. Here, probably, the Gentleman Usher (huissier,
ostiarius) waited to attend the Lord Prior to the church, as the
Verger still waits for the Dean. The Register House cannot now be
identified.
the hospital! of Greatham]. Greatham Hospital was founded by Bishop
Stichill in 1272. The foundation-charter, statutes, etc., are printed,
from Dugdale's Monasticon, in Hutchinson, III, 92 — 102. The old
buildings were destroyed about 1803, but in the rebuilt chapel are
some monumental inscriptions commemorating early Masters, for
which see Hutchinson or Surtees. There are drawings of the old
hospital in B.M. Kaye Collection, III, 126 fi\, and a view, "drawn
anno 1778," in Grose's Antiquities, Vol. Y.
Mr Tobias Matthew]. D.D. of Ch. Ch., Oxford, 1573, dean, 1576-1584;
dean of Durham, 1583-94; rector of Bishopwearmouth, 1590; bishop
of Durham, 1595 ; transl. to York, 1606 ; died 1628. From the time
of his being made dean of Durham to 1622 he appears to have
preached 1992 sermons, only one of which was printed ; " nemo
in concionibus frequentior, nemo felicior, nemo quern in ajternum
magis audire velis," says his epitaph at York. He was a great
punster, and Fuller says " he could as well not be, as not be merrie."
NOTES ON THE TEXT
*37
XXXVIII, pp. 78—79,
a sfoole or seat]. Possibly the seal that has passed as a Maundy bench i
see p. 256. Thai seat had a foot-hoard, but it would seal (our men.
a /aire longe bench of Stone]. This bench no longer exists, the wall having
been refaced, hut the Maundy benches still remain in the corres-
ponding situations at Westminster and at Canterbury.
certen Childrin a Row], Probably the children of the Almery (oh.
xi. viti). This was tin- Mandatum fratrum, or Monks' maundy,
which in monastic houses Followed the Mandatum pauperum, or
Abbot's (or Prior's) maundy. In earlier times the monks always
washed one another's feet. At Evesham the Abbot washed the feel
of the Trior and monks in the chapter-house, after which his feet
were washed by two choir-boys and by the Prior. — Liber Evesham.,
85-
certaine pt*ers\. The Office of Compline.
a fair almerie Joyned in ye wall]. It seems to have been fixed in a recess,
some slighl traces of which may perhaps still be discerned. See
further in ch. XL.
And the stoole & bench, etc.]. We saw at the end of the last chapter how
Toby Matthew ''annexed" the Register house to the Deanery, but
to have destroyed one of the Maundy benches shows that he not only
had a keen eye to his own convenience, but that he had something- of
the spirit of his predecessor, Dean Whittingham, who "could not
abyde anye auncvent monuments." — Ch. xxix.
XXXIX, pp. 79-82.
a fairs lar<r liall\. This building was constructed over a low undercroft
consisting of round arches with ribless quadripartite vaults, and of
some compartments with plain barrel-vaults. The superstructure,
for some time used as the Petty Canons' Hall (see below), was
entirely rebuilt by Dean Sudbury (1662-1684) to serve as the Chapter
Library. The original east wall, which forms the west side of the
Prior's Hall, was not interfered with, and it shows some remains of
ornamental painting behind the book-cases. The present windows
were substituted in 1858 for the characteristic ones of Sudbury's
time.
ye frater house]. The term frater is a later form of freitour, which is from
the Old French fraitur, from refreitor, Latin refectorium. It has
become assimilated in form to the Latin " frater," a brother, but has
no etymological connexion therewith.
is finely wainscotted]. The oak panelling now on the walls of the Deanery
Hall has not been made for that place, and may have been moved,
wholly or partly, from the Frater after this account was written. It
is a beautiful example of woodwork of about Prior Castells period.
West ami neither ( nether ) part, etc.]. This sentence is unintelligible as it
stands in ed. 1842, alter Davies ("and on either part, ' etc.), but in
the later editions, as in MS. L., we read that the Prater House
" was finely wainscotted on the North and South sides ; and
in the West and Nether Part thereof is a long Bench of Stone, in
■7
258 RITES OF DURHAM.
Mason-work, from the Cellar Door to the Pantry or Cove Door" (ed.
Hunter, 1733, p. 92). So again in Sanderson, 1767, p. 72. The
cellar door and the pantry or covey door are both to be seen,
blocked up, in the cellar and the pantry, but not in the present
library, where they are concealed by wainscot. The bench must
have been to a great extent destroyed when the present steps to the
Loft were made. Its two ends might perhaps be found behind the
oak panelling. The cellar and the covey remain at Worcester
in the corresponding; situation ; date 1084-1100.
the Pantry or Covey door\. " Covey, Obs. [perhaps derivative of Cove in its
old sense of 'closet,' etc.], A pantry." — N. E. D. But Cove is also
"a concave arch or vault " (tb.), and the Cove or Covey at Durham
consists of two apartments with waggon vaults.
sett with Imbroidered work]. " Set with imboss'd Work in Wainscot, and
gilded under the carved Work " (ed. Hunter, 1733, p. 92). The
meaning probably is that the Perpendicular tracery was fixed on gilt
panels.
vet do appear], " did long appear" (ed. Hunter, 1733, p. 92).
hath engraven], "had engrauen " (ed. Sanderson, 1767, p. 72).
a very strong Ambry], Probably concealed behind the present oak panelling.
There is plenty of room for it.
a great Mazer], A mazer is a drinking-bowl turned out of some kind of
wood, preferably of maple, and especially bird's-eye maple, in
Icelandic mosnrr, " spot-wood," whence the English word mazer,
both for the wood and for the cup made thereof. The word for spot
in Middle High German is mase, whence Dutch maselen and English
provincial meslins, measles. See Skeat, Etym. Diet. A most
complete and admirably illustrated account of mazers, by Mr. W. H.
St. John Hope, will be found in Archceologia, Vol. L, 129 — 193. The
characteristics of a mazer are, the bowl, the band or metal mounting
round the brim, the print or circular ornament at the bottom, the
foot, and the cover, the only essential part being the bowl. The
band is often inscribed. No less than forty-six examples of mazers
are particularly described, and many of them figured, in Mr. Hope's
article, appended to which are extracts from inventories and wills,
in which mazers are mentioned, from 1295 to 1562-3. See Rolls,
Index under Mazers.
called the grace cup], A later Grace-cup of silver gilt, still in existence and
occasionally used, did like service at the Residence-dinners of the
Dean and Prebendaries of Durham so long as those entertainments
continued. It is shown in drawings in B.M. Kaye Coll., Ill, 1, 2.
called Iudas Cupp], Probably from some representation on the print.
black Mazer], Black maple wood ; see note above.
the picture]. That is, a subject embossed or engraved on the print.
four joynts of silver]. When the foot was, as in this case, of some length,
mazers so fitted were known as "standing mazers."
another fair large Ambry], Probably fixed against the wall, but here again
a recess might be found if the panelling could be removed. This
aumbry was made in 1433, and the bill is preserved, — Raine, Br,
Ace, 93«.
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 259
and every Atonke had his Maser\. These would be much smaller than the
great mazers described above. A list of Lhe mazers and other plate
belonging to the Frater has been preserved ; Raine gives an abstract
of it. — Br. Act:, 94^.
where he did silt as chief]. The Prior ordinarily sat at his own private
table, the Sub-Prior presiding at the monastic table ; see ch. XXIV.
He must not be confounded with the Deece Prior or Vice-Prior,
ch. xux, p. 04.
their great /'east <>/' St. Cut/iherts day in Lent]. March 20th, the day of
St. Cuthbert's death, which always falls in Lent. That the law of
abstinence was relaxed 011 this occasion, at any rate for the lay
quests, appears abundantly from the Cellarers' rolls quoted by Raine
{St. Cut/ib., 158ft.), where, besides enormous quantities offish, we find
such entries as h'2 oxen for the week, 21 sheep, with hundreds of
chickens, geese, and other fowls, And Raine says that in the
Bursar's Roll of 1344 is an entry of a payment to divers persons tor
carrying letters from the Prior to the chief men of the Bishopric,
inviting- them to the feast of St. Cuthbert in March. Rut see Rolls,
544- 54.S-
the Dresser Window of the great Kitchin]. What appears to be part of this
window is still to be seen in the Covey, in the south wall. There is
a space of about 15 feet between the south side of the Loft and Covey
and the north side of the Kitchen, in which there must have been
some passage ov lobby connecting the two buildings, as at Canterbury,
Ely, Worcester, Castle Acre, and elsewhere. At Ely it was called
"le Tresaunce," i.e., "transit us," a passage (Prompt. Pan'., 502). It is
somewhat remarkable that in the text we have no description of the
Kitchen. There are in Durham two mediaeval kitchens still in use,
viz., that which Bishop Fox constructed within the walls of the
square Norman keep of the Castle, and this earlier one of the Abbey,
which is a very fine example and but little altered from its original
state. The fabric roll for its building still exists, and shows that the
work began in 1368 ; see Rolls, 569-580. Raine gives an abstract
(Brief .lee., 114). Its remarkable groining and lantern are well
represented in Billings, PI. 74. A building apparently belonging to
the Kitchen and coeval with it, abutting on it to the S.E., is shown in
a plate in Storer's Cathedrals (1816), Vol. II. The roof-mark of that
same building is still to be seen. There are numerous references to
the Kitchen in the Rolls ; see Index thereto under the word.
the mr of the novicies, etc.). The monks usually dined in the Lott (ch. XLtv).
See further on the Novices in ch. xi. IX, p. 96, under " Pane Richarde
Crosbie," and in Rolls, under Novices.
the great Cellar]. In the southern portion of the undercroft of the Great
Dorter, to the left of the passage going from the Cloister to the
Infirmary, called " the great cellar " to distinguish it from the cellar
under the Loft (ch. XI.IV), and perhaps from subsidiary cellars in
tin- vaulting under the Prater. Carter's plan shows that the one bay
of the vaulting most to the south, perhaps the Buttery, was walled
off from the two bays between it aiul thi' passage to the Infirmary
260 RITES OF DURHAM.
but had a door through. Those two bays, probably the Great
Cellar, opened into the group of vaulted apartments under the Loft,
viz., the lesser cellar and the Covey.
dyd reade summe parte, etc.). See the Rule of St. Benedict, cap. 38, which,
however, is for monks. The novices carried on in the Frater what
had been the practice of the monks before they formed the habit
of dining ill the Loft. In the Cafalogi Veteres, p. 80, is a list of
books kepi in an almery bv the way to the Infirmary (see Scr. Tres,
App. No. cccxlvii), for the reading- in the refectory, i.e. in 1395,
while vol the monks regularly dined there.
a convenyent place]. No signs of the arrangements here described can
now be seen above the subvaults, this part of the Frater having- been
rebuilt. See above, p. 257. But Mr. \V. H. St. John Hope has
identified the base of the Frater pulpit. It is built against the frater
wall outside and extends for three bays. It is below the level of the
present passage from the kitchen to the Deanery. In 1544 we find,
"Pro Refectorio," a payment of 6d. for "two hovndrith lyngkyll
nayll for ye lettryns," probably for fastening up some sort of drapery.
—Misc. Car/. 2769; Rolls, 726. The reader's pulpit in the Frater at
Chester is a very fine example, Early English in character, somewhat
late. There is an excellent illustration, showing the pulpit, with its
staircase and two aumbries, in Murray's Chester Cathedral, 1869,
p. 404. Another pulpit, somewhat richer, of nearly the same date,
and quite perfect, is in the frater of the Cistercian abbey at Beaulieu,
Hants, now the parish church. At F'ountains, the staircase and
bracket of the pulpit remain. Other examples, or indications of their
having- existed, occur at Worcester, Shrewsbury, the Vicar's Hall
at Chichester, St. Agatha's by Richmond, and elsewhere.
a gihlen Bell\. The monastic scilla or small bell commonly used in
refectories, infirmaries, etc. See Du Cange, s.%t. Skella.
departed to ther bookes]. Here follows, in Ed. H., this addition : —
This Fabrick retained the Name of the Petty Canons Hall, till Dr.
Sudbury Dean of this Cathedral generously erected a beautifull
Library in its Place, which he not Living to finish completely, by
the following Clause of his Last will, binds his Heir Sir JOHN
Sudbury to the due Execution thereof.
" Item, whereas I have lately contracted with several workmen for the
building of a Library in the Place commonly called the Petty Canons
Hall in the College of Durham, for the Use of the Dean and
Prebendaries of the said Cathedral Church. And if it should please
God that I do not live to finish the same, my will and Pleasure is,
that my Executor, hereafter named shall pay out of my personal
Estate, all such Sum or Sums of Money, as shall be necessary for
the finishing thereof, according to such Form or Modell, or in such
manner as I shall leave Directions for, under my Hand, attested by
two or more good and sufficient witnesses." This will is dated
Jan. 11. 1683.— Addition, Ed. H.
The Petty Canons' Hall is mentioned in 1593. — Rolls, 738. There was
also about 1566 "the petycanons kytching." — lb. 716. The hall had
long been useless and ruined in 1665 (Hutchinson, II, 131;/.).
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 26 1
XL, pp. 82^-83.
a fair laver or counditt]. There were Iwo distincl kinds of monastic lavers
or lavatories, namely those ol a circular, polygonal, or multifoil form,
and those of a long trough form, both supplied from conduits which
were themselves supplied from springs al some distance. Thus at
Durham the water was brought from springs which supplied a tank
a mile to the south, and of course on higher ground. Al Westminster,
from springs where Hyde Park now is. — Archceologia, LIII, 164. At
Worcester, from Battenhall, Swanpool, and ultimately from Hen wick
Hill. — Noake, Worcester, 1 11— 115. At Canterbury, (Vom springs in
higher ground to the north of the monastery, as was the case at the
London Charter-house. — R. Willis, Coiiv. Buildings, ch. x ; Arclueo-
logia, LVI, 251 — 266 ; LYIII, 293 — 312. The finest example of tin
second kind is at Gloucester ; others remain, or have left indications,
in more or less perfect condition, at Fountains, Worcester, Peter-
borough, Westminster, Norwich, Kirkham, Hexham, etc. The
great cloister-laver at Durham was of the former kind, and there
were four of the same type at Canterbury ; two were in the Infirmary
Cloister : the laver-house of one of these still remains, and has been
miscalled " the Baptistery " ; another was in the Great Cloister, and
a fourth in the North Hall. Willis describes them as shown by an
ancient drawing1 to have been large tanks of ornamental form from
which water either ran continually from points in the circumference,
or was drawn off by several cocks. The three first mentioned were
sheltered by circular houses with conical roofs. — Conv. Buildings in
Canterbury, 1869, p. 158. At Peterborough in 1896 were found
portions of a marble basin between 20 and 30 feet in circumference,
with a series of small basins running round it ; it has probably been
a great cloister laver similar to one at Maulbronn. At the Cluniac
Priory of Wenlock, co. Salop, are the remains of a fine late Norman
lavatory, with an enriched circular basin in the centre of which stood
a pillar or fountain with the water supply. The whole was enclosed
in an octagonal building, like that at the Cistercian Abbev of
Mellifont in Ireland, projecting into the garth from the cloister alley
in front of the frater door. The Durham example resembled this in
arrangement. The cloister well, which afforded the earliest supply,
and which was retained in reserve, to be used "quando pipa gelidata
fuit " (Rolls, 536), or when from any other cause the hydraulic system
failed, has lately been found. A full account of recent discoveries
will probably appear in Arclucologia , LVI 1 1, pt. ii.
in forme Round], Round within, certainly, but perhaps octagonal outside.
The marble basin still exists, with a trough all round it. — Hillings, PI.
xlv. The building and basin were begun, on the site of an earlier
laver-house, in 1432, and completed the next year. A detailed
account-roll of the expenses is printed in Scriptores Tres, App. No.
cccxlvi ; it shows that the marble was quarried at Eggleston on the
Tees, being bought of the abbot of the monastery there. There is
a full account of the plumber's and Carpenter's work " circa le
pentees," the carriage of the marble, etc., and sec Rolls, Index
under Layers.
262 RITES OF DURHAM.
spoutes ofbrasse]. " Item Laurencio latonerio de Novo Castro pro factura
le spowtys, ixs." — Roll in Srr. Tres, p. ccccxliv.
'oiio faire wyndowes]. One on each side save that occupied by the door,
and it was so at Wenlock.
apparnt till this daie\. 1593- Plumber's work " ouer ye douescott " is
mentioned in the same year. — Misc. Cart. 3131 ; Rolls, 735.
thcr did hing a bell]. In connexion with the lavatory at Gloucester is
a narrow vertical shaft which may have been made for the passage
of a rope to a frater bell.
closettes or almeries]. All traces of these have disappeared at Durham ; at
Gloucester, however, in the wall over against the lavatory, is a fine
groined recess for towels, formerly closed by doors, the crooks of
which remain, and above them open tracery for the free passage of
air, as at Durham (ch. XXXVin). The towels would hang in two
wooden closets at the back. At Westminster are four tall niches
united into one composition by tracery above. They have had doors,
as is shown by the places where the hooks and fastenings have been,
and have no doubt been the towel closets. The Durham closets are
more particularly described above, ch. XXXVIII. Cloister towels are
mentioned by Udalric, c. 1100 (Du Cange, s.v. Manutetgium). See
Rolls, Index under Manutergia, Towels, Towel-closet.
to drie ther handes]. Their hands would be partly dried in walking from
the laver to the towel-closets by the Frater door.
XLI, p. 83.
all fynely glased]. Probably with white glass, so as to admit as much light
as possible.
in enery wyndowe iijo pewes or carrells]. The north alley was probably
screened off at both ends. At Canterbury, Prior Selling (1472-95)
glazed the south alley (that next to the church) " ac ibidem novos
Textus, quos Carolos de novo vocamus, perdecentes fecit." At
Gloucester are twenty carrels in the south alley, below the transoms
of the windows ; the one most eastward may have been fitted up as a
book-closet. Textus seems to be for tectos, which might mean
covered places in a cloister. — See Du Cange, s.v. Tectus, 2. Five
carrels remain at Chester, but in most cloisters, as at Durham, they
have disappeared. The term pew is here used of an enclosed space
similar to a pew in a church, and is derived from the Old French put,
an elevated space, and pews were at first only for distinguished
persons, as the Prior of Durham, who had " a seate or pew " in the
Neville Chapel (ch. xx). Carol was originally a ring-dance or a
circular enclosure, e.g. " the Gyauntes Carole," or Stone-henge, and
stone circles in Brittany, hence an enclosure of any form ; see
N. E. D., under Carol. There are some notices of the Carrels in the
Rolls, o.v., Index, s.v.
great almeries]. Some of the marks still to be seen on the wall may be
vestiges of these book-cases.
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 263
old auncyent written Docters, etc.]. Fora catalogue ol the books found in
the common almery and in various places within the cloister .11
Durham in 1395, see Catalogi Veteres, pp. 40 7'»- Many of the
books still remain in the Cathedral library, and contain inscriptions
such as " Liber S'ci Cuthberti assignatus co'i armariolo," " E
communi libraria monachorum Dunelm.," and the like. See Rials
Catalogfuet p. 8, etc. Lanfranc, in accordance with the Rule of St.
Benedict, ch. 48, gives minute directions about the returning and
reissuing on the fust Monday in Lent of books which the brethren
had out for their private study ; this is 10 be done in the chapter-
house, and the keeper is to record in a note the names of the books,
and of those who have received them. — Reyner, 2165 R. Willis,
Con"'. Buildings, 332.
pniphane authors]. As, for example, Terence, Horace, Juvenal, Virgil,
Ovid, Cicero. See Catalogi Veteres, Index.
XL 1 1, pp. 83 — 85.
ye Threserhouse], The Treasury is the northernmost bay of the undercroft
of the Dorter, separated from the rest by a thick wall. It retains its
strong door and two locks, and its grate of iron, dividing the inner
or western portion from that next to the cloister. The books,
charters, etc., formerly kept here, have long been removed, as
stated in MS. L., and in Hunter's addition, together with the
original oak almeries, into St. Helen's Chapel over the great
gateway ; the chapter seal is kept in the Chapter-house, and the old
treasury is now a lumber-room. In 1391 it was called Cancellaria,
from the grate, or " le Spendement," or, incorrectly, " Splendement,
from the paying of wages and other money through the bars.
A great many of the more valuable books were kept in this secure
place. See Catalogi Veteres, v. vi, 10, 34, 85. From this use it was
called " Libraria interior."
]■■ Chapter scale]. While now oi' late it is altered, their Treasure and
Money being kept in a strong House over the East Gates of the
Abbey in the South Raily now called the Exchequer ; but in the said
old Treasury the Common Chapter Seal is still kept. Addition, Ed. II.
The two bays of the undercroft next to the old Treasury served
for the Song-school until it was removed to the chamber over
the Parlour in 1900. At present (1903) the first bay from the
Treasury is occupied by the vestries of the Minor Canons and the
King's Scholars, the next two being used by the lay-clerks and
choristers.
a fair Ivory squared table . . . great c/iests]. " Ivory" only in MS. L.
The table was probably inlaid with squares of ivory and of some
black or dark material, so as to form a checkered board to calculate
upon. Hence our term "Exchequer," a literary corruption of the
old form " escheker." See X. K. D. There are now in the Library
three "great chests " that came from the Treasury. The largest is
6 ft. 8 in. long, 1 ft. 10 in. wide, and 2 feel high outside. It is made
of oak, 2 in. to 3 in. thick, and entirely covered by iron plates j1. to
3^ in. wide and nailed firmly on. Inside it is lined with coarse
264 RITES OF DURHAM.
white canvas. There are three locks, and arrangements tor two
padlocks besides. At either end is an iron ring', attached by two
long iron loops. The next is a few inches smaller every way, is not
lined, and has no end rings. It is plated with iron outside like the
last, and has in the lid four coin-slits placed over four compartments
into which the chest was divided by three partitions now gone ;
the grooves in which they were fixed remain, as also grooves for
saddle-backed contrivances, one under each coin-slit, to make it
impossible to get the coins out by means of hooked wires or anything
of that sort. There are two locks, and provision for three padlocks-
The four compartments may have been for the separate funds of the
Bursar, the Sacrist, the Almoner, and the Hostillar, and the five
keys for the Prior or Subprior and those four officers. The third
chest is little more than half the size of the largest one. It is made of
fir boards zV2 to 3 inches thick, and is not iron plated. The lid is
coved and crescent-shaped in section, 3^ inches thick in the middle,
and made of a single piece of wood. On the top is an iron plate,
five or six inches square, with a coin-slit in the middle. This chest
has one lock, and provision for two padlocks. There is at the
Castle an ancient iron-bound chest similar to those above described,
and which has long been said to be " the chest in which St. Cuth-
bert's body was deposited"; there is a woodcut of it in Allan's
"View of the City of Durham," etc., 1824, p. 199. It was probably
a chest made to contain the charters, plate, or other valuables of the
bishops, and it is very unlikely that St. Cuthbert's body was ever
placed in it. There are two other ancient chests at the Castle.
a fair great stall, etc.]. All these arrangements have disappeared.
on their bookes]. There is a list of the books found in the common ahnery
of the novices within the cloister in 1395, in Catalogi Veteres, 81.
the same use and purpose]. Hunter, p. 99, here adds " A little South of the
Treasury is a convenient Room, wherein is established the Song-
school, for the Instruction of Boys, for the Use of the Ouire ; the
Song-school in the South Isle of the Lanthorn, being decently
furnished with a reading Desk, convenient Seats, and all other
laudable Decencies, is appropriated to the Service of GOD ; where
Morning Prayer is daily celebrated at Six in the Morning- throughout
the whole Year, except on Sundays and Holydays." With regard to
these 6 a.m. prayers, the following notices have been found. At the
end of the Treasurer's book of 1633 4 is a list of stipends, etc.,
newly granted pro beneplacito, after 1620, and paid annually. Among
these we find : -" Minoribus Canonicis pro lectione Matutinarum ad
Hor. b, 5/. 45. or/." There is a Chapter Order of 1621, "That the
prayers at six of the Clocke in the morning shall henceforth be reiki
in the Quire of this Church." In 1630 it was objected to Cosin and
other members of Chapter, " You have built a new payre of gorgius
organes, which have cost at least 700//., which you command to be
played upon not only at the 6 o'clock prayer in the morning'
(wherby you have driven away from the church all schollars and
artificers, which were wronl to frequent that morning prayer, when it
was short, and playnly said, so that they might understand it), but
NOTES ON 11 IK TEXT. J(>5
also," etc. ; and again, "as yf you could never have chaunling
ynough, you and your fellows have taken away the plain morning-
prayer ai (> of the clocke, ordained by the Statutes for scholars) and
artificers, and have turned it all in a manner into chaunting and
piping." There is no such order in the Statutes. In 1633 4 we find
the £5 4s. paid " Minoribus Canonicis Malutinarum Lectoribus
Hebdomadariis extra Chorum," so thai the order of 1621 had
been rescinded. The payment ol two minor canons as Readers
of tlu- Morning Prayers continued until 1K54 and 1864, when, the
service having long ceased to bo held, the offices of the two last
readers wore not filled up. In the eighteenth century there were
payments to the vergers, or to the sub-sacrist, " pro prseparalione
oratorii pro prec. matutin., 1/.' There is a good deal of information
on this subject in Walcott's Traditions, etc., of Cathedrals, 1X72,
pp. 97 — 102. See also a letter of Dean Whittingham in Strype's
Parker (1821), I, 267 8, or Camden Misc., VI, 23/1. Walcott's state-
ment, that " in Defoe's time 500 people attended the 6 o'clock
service," relates not to Durham, but to Exeter. " It is no un-
common Tiling to see 500 People here in a Morning ; which is at
least five Times as many as usually attend at St, Paul's, or any
other Six o'clock Chapel I was ever al ; and it is commendable,
that the Reader doth not here curtail the Morning Service, by
leaving out any Part of it, as in other Places they do. Here are
two Morning Lectures preached weekly; viz., Tuesday and Friday
Mornings.' Daniel Defoe, A tour, etc., 7th edition, 1769, Vol. I,
p. 370, note, referring to the "daily Prayers at Six in the Morning."
XLIII, pp. 85—86.
yr Dorter], There was an earlier dormitory in Norman tunes on the east
side of the cloister-garth ; the cellarage under the Dean's hall and
dining-room probably represents the original Common-house with
Dormitory over it ; some blocked Norman windows, and the cloister-
doorway and remains of the stairs of the latter may stili be seen.
Early in the twelfth century these were found to be too small ; the
new Chapter-house not only occupied much of the space, but cut off
direct access from the dormitory to the church, and the Prior,
wanting a great house, worked into it what was left of the old
dormitory and cellars, adding to them eastward, notably by the
erection of the thirteenth century Priors Chapel and its crypt. The
western range would usually have the great cellar below and the
cellarer's hall above, and this may have been the case here in
Norman times. The great doorway of the later dormitory, perhaps
that of the original Parlour, and other Norman portions remain, but
that dormitory was almost wholly rebuilt in the thirteenth century as
the Great Dormitory, for which purpose it would be secluded enough
after the Galilee hail cut off access from the north. The cellarage
was then reconstructed as Treasury, Common-house, Great cellar,
etc. Nothing is left ol the superstructure fust placed over the
present cellarage, unless some portions ol the walls, and a
shouldered doorway that opened into the church under the S.W.
tower, on a level with the dormitory floor, belonged to it. This
266 RITES OF DURHAM.
doorway may have led to wooden stairs for access to the church by
night. The dormitory referred to in the text, and still existing as the
New Library, was begun in 1398 and finished in 1404. The contracts
for the work are printed in Scrip/ores Tres, App. Nos. clx, clxiv.
For notices of it, and of contributions to it, see Rolls, Index, under
Dormitory.
a litle chamber of ivainscott\. All the original fittings have disappeared, but
some idea of the arrangements may be gained from the present
windows, which, to a great extent, occupy the places of the old ones.
///or was no windowes]. There are still no windows on the east side
towards the south end, because there the Loft abuts on the Dor-
mitory wall. On the opposite wall some part of the Infirmary
probably abutted in like manner, the modern windows there having
apparently been inserted where none had existed previously.
a dosen cressetts\ Cavities wrought in the four-square stone. See above,
ch. 1, note ; ch. XIII, and note.
a faire large house}. This was a substantial building found in all
monasteries, constructed with no attempt at concealment. The plan
of or for St. Gall in the ninth century (Arch. Journal, Vol. V, p. 85)
shows six of these necessaria provided for different places in that
great monastery, besides some smaller ones, and the chief or Great
Xecessarium connected with the Great Dormitory. The seven large
ones are shown as isolated buildings connected by narrow passages
with the apartments that they served. The Necessarinm had many
different names. At Canterbury it was called the Third Dormitory
to distinguish it from the Great and from the Second (officers')
dormitory, " Dormitory " probably in playful allusion to the monks
dozing in its recesses ; see Lanfranc, quoted in note below on
"privy searche." Elsewhere the Privy Dorter, the Rere Dorter,
or, as here, the Privies, or as in Rolls, 603, Secretum Dormitorii.
Wherever it could be managed, a watercourse flowed through the
pit below, or was held up and occasionally allowed to rush through
for Hushing purposes. This could not be done at Durham in the
usual way, owing to the peculiarity of the site, and some method
oi' flushing from the conduit must have been adopted. There are
considerable remains of the Rere-dorter at Kirkstall, St. Agatha's
by Richmond, Castle Acre, Netley, Canterbury, Worcester, and at
Lewes, where it was 158 feet long, with 61 compartments, in a row
against the south wall, over the watercourse. The pit exists at
Westminster and elsewhere. For Canterbury, see R. Willis, Conv.
Buildings, p. 82 ff. ; for Castle Acre, Hope, in Norfolk Archaology,
XII, 132-4; and for Lewes, Hope in Sussex Arckceol. Collections,
XXXIV7, 98, and Arch. Journal, XLI, 26. At Worcester much has come
to light since Willis wrote in Arch. Journal, Vol. XX, 83—133. At
Durham the pit remains, with an outlet westward, but it has not been
fully explored, else the two great pillars might have been seen. The
south wall is standing up to the sills of the little windows, and now
forms the north wall of the stables over the Lying-house (ch. XLVl) ;
these have a hayloft over them, in which the window sills are visible.
In an oil-painting at the Castle, probably of the sixteenth or
NOTES ON 11 IK I IX 1. 267
seventeenth century, the Roto Dorter and a larger building to the
south ("the Master of the Fermerey's chamber") are shown as
standing in juxtaposition at right angles to the Dorter, roofed, and
with windows of late character, as if they had been adapted to later
uses.
title ivyndowes]. See the last note. At Worcester, a stretch of the south
wall of the corresponding building is standing, with five very narrow
Norman slit windows widely splayed inside. Between the windows
are the holes where the wooden partitions were fixed, and on the
Boor-level, over the pit, holes for joists. A small piece of the front
wall of the pit remains.
there is iij fair glass rvyndowes\. Both these and the original " litle
wyndowes " appear from this passage to have remained till about
' 593-
tt privy scurchc\. Here the Subprior performed the duty assigned to the
Circa or Circnniitor in Lanfranc's Constitutions, in accordance with a
direction in the Rule of St. Benedict, ch. xlviii, that one or two
seniors " circumeant monasterium horis quibus vacant fratres
lectioni," lest any should be slothful or a hindrance to others. In
later times it was found desirable that these rounds should be
extended thus: " accensa candela in absconsa, unus eoruni in
dormitorio debet circumire lectos omnium, et omnia sedilia in
necessariis, solicite considerans tie forte aliquis frater dormiens ibi
remanserit . . . vero cum dormientes invenerit non eos quocunque
modo tangat, sed modeste atque ordinate sonitum tantummodo, quo
excitentur, faciat." — Lanfranc, c. 1072.
paved ivtl1 fyne tried stone]. If any of this pavement remains, it is concealed
by the present boarded floor of the New Library.
The Supprior dyd aheaies dyne, etc.]. The Prior commonly taking his
meals in his own hall or private apartment.
praier & deuocton], " Mox ut surrexerint a ca±na, sedeant omnes in unum,
et legal unus Collationes, vel \'itas Patrum, aut certe aliud quod
asdificet audientes." — fteg- S. Be/ied., cap. xlii. These conferences
may have been held in the chapter-house at Durham, and they may
be what the writer is referring to.
they -cent t<> y Salvi]. The meaning probably is that they went to
Compline, and that this office was sometimes called the Salve from
the antiphon Salve Regina, the earliest antiphon of the Blessed
Virgin commonly recited in the Church. In the Roman Breviary it
is directed to be said after Lauds and Compline from Trinity Sunday
to Advent. According to Zaccaria, it had no place in that Breviary
till Cardinal Ouignon introduced it, and it has often been said
that it was transferred from Ouignon's Breviary to that of Pius Y.
There are, however, early printed Roman Breviaries with this
anthem in them at Compline. It is not in the Old English Breviaries,
but nevertheless it was recited after Compline by the Franciscans as
early as 1241), and by the Benedictines earlier than 1343. It was
ordered to W sung with special solemnity, and so might easily give
its name to the whole of the service at which it was used. It was,
indeed, the great musical effort of the quire, sung in pricksong in
268 RITES OF DURHAM.
many parts, even a dozen or more. It was sung in the richer parish
churches and was very popular, h lent its name to other anthems
similarly used, and was the parent of the anthem now sung after
Mattins and Evensong-. In a modern monastery the Salve sung- at
the end of Compline commonly impresses the lay mind much more
than the office itself. See a constitution in Reyner, Appendix, 153 ;
B. Gavanti, Comm. in Ritbr. Breviarii, % V, cap. xxii, 5 ; Addis and
Arnold, Cat/i. Diet., 742 : J. Wickham Legg, Principles, etc., of
Prayer Book, 33.
vj of ye cloche]. After Compline and Salve, the monks went to bed, but it
must be remembered that they rose at midnight for Mattins. See ch.
XHi, at the end.
XLIV, pp. 86—88.
The Lofte\. So called in Durham as being on a higher level than the
Frater. It corresponded with the Misericorde at Westminster and
elsewhere, called Deportum at Canterbury, a subsidiary Frater
where certain monks dined who for infirmity or other reasons were
allowed to take their meals outside the Frater proper, and with
indulgences that could not be permitted there. Hence it may well
have been called, as it appears to have been in Durham, Solarium
Caritatis, under which head see the Index to Rolls. At the
beginning of the fourteenth century Winchelsey's Statutes provide
for the additional masses to be attended by those who in their turns
were taking their Deportum. See further in R. Willis, Conv.
Buildings, 59 — 61, and, with reference to St. Agatha's by Richmond,
Hope, in Yks. Arch. Jrnl., X, 144. It appears that at Durham, in
the sixteenth century, all the monks regularly dined in the Loft, and
the novices only in the Frater, except on festival days (ch. XXXIX,
xliv). In a statute of 1444 it is strictly forbidden that any but
growing youths dine in the Frater from September 13 to Ash
Wednesday, save on Sundays and festivals. See Reyner, Appendix,
129. Cf. Reg. S. Bened., cap. xli.
The mounckes dyd all dyne together]. This is perhaps not quite accurate.
We find some of the obedientiaries having their " meat," which may
have included their dinner, served from the kitchen to their checkers
(ch. xlix). And according to MS. H. 45, L., and Da vies, it was the
old monks that dined and supped in the Loft. The old discipline
may have become much relaxed at the last.
aboue ye seller]. The small cellar, that is, under the northern portion of the
Loft. It has a square opening in the centre of the vault, as if for
letting down and drawing up vessels, and beside the door leading to
it from the covey or pantry is a small opening which has had a little
door and fastenings, as if for serving drink from the cellar to the
covey without opening the great door. The internal dimensions of
this cellar are about 28 ft. by 10 ft. Between it and the cellarage
under the Dorter, " the great cellar," was another doorway, now
blocked.
y said great kitchinge serninge, etc.]. Nevertheless there may have been
smaller kitchens for minor cookeries, as in the Infirmary, Guest-hall,
etc.
NOTES ON I III. 1 EXT. 269
two dresser windowes], Ch. xxxix mentions one of these windows as "the"
dresser window, in connexion with the great feast of St. Cuthbert in
Lent, p. 81, and of either this or the other as "a" dresser window,
through which the novices were served on ordinary days, p. K-'.
A dresser window was an opening provided with a "dresser" or
table on both sides, for the convenient passing through of dishes
and other vessels, etc. Both windows have disappeared ; one does
not quite see why the larger window did not servo for all days.
There are two at Westminster in a fifteenth or sixteenth century
wall blocking up a large fourteenth-century arch which was once
open. Meat could be served more quickly through two dresser-
windows used together than through one.
a>i(l s<> «/> a greece}. L'p a flight of steps, but these have all gone, and it
cannot now be seen how the monks went up from the Frater-house
door into the Loft.
another door, that went into the great Cellar]. We o\o not know exactly
where the "greesefoot " was, but it must have been somewhere in or
near the smaller cellar under the Loft. Carter's plan shows an open
doorway, now blocked, between the one cellar and the other, and a
second doorway in the wall, now destroyed, that divided the Great
Cellar proper from the compartment oi' the undercroft of the Dorter
next to it on the South. " Buttery " (a place for Butts, see N. E. D.)
appears to have been a synonym for the Great Cellar.
not so great for every day]. This Loft since the Dissolution of the
Monastery was made the dining-room of the Fifth Prebendaries
house. — Addition, Ed. H. After the suppression of six of the
Prebendaries, this same room was made, and is now (iqo^) the
Librarian's room.
v'vshers dottr\. Seech. XXXVII. The entry still remains, though blocked
eastward by modern alterations.
ye centorie garth]. The Centry or cemetery garth which has been so often
mentioned.
ther did Stand, etc.]. This custom appears to have been something of the
same kind as the I'isilatio tumuli per xxx dies prescribed in Liber
Evesham. (11. Bradshaw Soc), col. 147, a usage not mentioned in
the Concordia Kegularis nor in Lanfranc. There were doubtless at
Durham, as in other Benedictine houses, many private practices or
customs besides the common practice of the Rule, and the daily visit
to the graves seems to have been one of these local usages. We
find a similar custom at St. Albans. Abbot Hugh (1308, 26)
"concessit etiam fratribus universis, ut quibuscunque temporibus die
competentibus dictum locum (coemeterium) vellenl visitare, orandi
causa, facultatem haberent, silent jo minime relaxato." Gesta Abb,
S. Albani, Rolls edition. Vol. II, p. 125. Cornelius A Lapide in his
commentary on St. Luke viii, 29, speaks of having witnessed the
visitation of the tombs at Arras in Belgium, when' a number of
persons came lo make their prayers and where lights were burnt to
keep away demons.
the onelie writers of all the actes, etc.|. As, tor example, Symeon of
Durham, the Scriplores '/'res (Coldingham, Graystanes, and
Chambre), Reginald of Durham, and Prior Wessington,
2~0 RITES OF DURHAM.
what miracles was done}. Not only the miracles related by Bede, Symeon,
Reginald, and others, but much later ones. In 1410-11 we find a
payment of 6s. 8d. to one relating' a miracle of St. Cuthbert (Rolls,
138), and a miracle wrought in July, 1502, is related in Scr. Tres, 152.
XLY, pp. 88—89.
The Commone Howse\. Otherwise called the Calefactory or Warming-house,
from the fire that was allowed in it (see eh. l). It was here in the
usual situation, namely in the basement of the Dorter. The Bene-
dictine Common House only occupied two or three bays. It was
used for warming and recreation, sometimes, perhaps, for shaving
and bleeding, but ai Durham there were separate shaving and
bleeding houses. — Rolls, Index. Carter's plan shows the partition
walls that bounded the Common-house and the Great Cellar,
with the passage between them that led to the Infirmary. Not
only these walls, but all traces of the fireplace have disappeared.
At Westminster the Common-house occupied two bays, at Durham
three. At Westminster a chapel was placed on the east side of
the Common-house, opening out of it. This arrangement was
impossible at Durham by reason of other buildings occupying the
space. For much information with regard to the Common-house,
see Rolls, Index under Commoner, and Common-house. In Cistercian
abbeys, the Common-house was an independent building, adjoining
the frater. — Hope, in Yks. Arch. J nil., XV, 356 — 361.
a garding and a boivlinge allie]. Where these were, is now a grassplat or
bowling-green, but the doorway shown in Carter's plan as having led
to them has been destroyed.
remedy of there mr\. "Remedy" is an old term for an extra holiday or
play-time. It occurs in the Founder's Statutes of St. Paul's School,
1518, in Instructions to the Master of Merchant Taylors', c. 1560,
and it is still current at Winchester and at St. Paul's.
O Sapientia\. The 16th of December is so called because on that day the
first of the anthems called " the great O's," or " the O's of Advent,"
was sung, and it began with those words. There were eight of
them, or nine including " O Thoma Didyme," which was sung on the
2 1 st. See the Sarum Breviary, Cambr. edition, fasc. I, cols, civ,
clvi, or York, Surtees edition. Vol. I, cols. 57, 58. See further in the
note on the Commoner, ch. xi.ix, and, for a very full treatment of the
whole subject, Archceologia , XLIX, 219 — 242.
a sollemtic banqnett]. This was in fact a "pittance," i.e. an occasional allow-
ance of something besides the common fare. For other "great O
pittances" at St. Paul's, Abingdon, Bur}', and in France, see Archee-
ologia (ubi cit.). As to Durham, see Rolls, Index under Pittances.
XLVI, p. 89.
The Fermerye}. For more about the Infirmary, see above, ch. xxm.
the mr of ye fermeryes chamber}. This was a usual appendage to the
Infirmary. At Canterbury, Prior Hathbrande (1338-70) built the hall
called " Mensa Magistri Infirmatorii " (or "Table Hall" at the
Reformation) as the Refectory for those who were able to quit their
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 271
chambers or were relieved from strict observance of the Rule, Its
walls remain, projecting northward from the Infirmary* -R. Willis,
Conv. Buildings, 55. At Peterborough it stands just detached from
the N.E. corner ot the Infirmary chapel. At Ely it remains as a
canon's house, projecting northward from the Infirmary aisle and
chapel, It was called the "Gent Hall," probably from the enter-
taining of gentlefolk therein. The admission of seculars to the
Infirmary became an abuse against which regulations had to l>e
issued. See Cott. MSS. Claud. E. IV, 245; Jul. D. II, 1586; Nero
A. XII, 158A, quoted in Fosbrooke, British Monachism (1817), 324//;/.
The Farmery tare is satirized by Langland in Piers Plowman
(Skeat's edition, 1886, 1, 392). Of the Infirmary itself nothing is
left in Durham, nor have we any description of it in our text. The
monastic Infirmary, generally speaking, resembled the nave oi a
church, with side aisles, columns, and arches, and clerestory
windows above ; to the east was the chapel, like a chancel in
situation, but having a real chancel of its own. The main portions
of the Infirmary remain at Canterbury, Ely, Peterborough, Glou-
cester, and elsewhere. At Durham there was hardly room for such
buildings as those were ; the peculiarities of the site must have
required an Infirmaiy somewhat different in design, and it pro-
bably stood, as at Fountains, north and south, with the chapel, as
well as the master's " chamber,'' camera, ov house, at right angles to
it. Its west side may have stood on the ancient retaining ami
supporting walls that yet remain at the back of one of the canons'
houses. On the master's chamber, see the next note. In the
Rolls, see Index under Infirmary, will be found a great deal of
information connected with this part of the Abbey. But references
to pp. 199 258 in the Rolls Index belong to the Infirmary without
the gates.
.v' lynghouse\ In Carter's plan, as also in his Plate III, is well shown a
Norman building running east and west, marked B and described as
" ancient building,' in a line with the passage between the great
cellar and the common house described above, p. 270. It is also
shown in an old painting ; see above, p. 266. This building has been
greatly altered and made into stables ; under these is a vaulted room
that was cleared out in [890-95 ; its floor is 23 feet beneath the
present level of the ground. It is 24 feet 3 inches long from east to
west, 14 ft. 5 in. wide, and 19 ft. 2 in. high. Entrance was obtained
through a doorway on the south side with a door opening outwards
and secured by a wooden bar that slipped back into a hole in the
jamb. The doorway leads from a vaulted passage at the foot of a
newel staircase descending from the upper storey, now stables, but
formerly, no doubt, " the master of the Fermeryes chamber,'
Carter's "ancient building," which still retains a round-headed
window in its west gable. It may safely be assumed that the vaulted
apartment beneath, which is provided with two latrines and a door
closed on the outside, has been the Lynghouse. See further in
Greenwell, 89, note 2; Rolls, 265, 271. At Ely there was "camera
in Infirmaria qua? vocatur Helle. " Sacrist's Roll] i.,-'2 3, in
Stewart's Ely Cathedral , 275.
272 RITES OF DURHAM.
a trap Dour], The vaulting- fell in (and with it the horses of Dr. Wellesley,
1 hen Canon) many years ago. When the fallen stones were taken
Out as above stated, there were found among' them three which had
been so cut that they might have formed parts of a square opening in
the vault, one showing two internal angles and the others one eaeh.
And in the Rolls, p. 271, we find mention of "ligatur' pro hostio
vocato trapdure supra lynghouse."
XLVII, p. 89 — 90.
The gest hall]. The canon's house formerly attached to the third stall, and
now occupied by the Professor of Divinity, stands on the site of the
Guest-hall, with which it corresponds very nearly in length and
breadth. These dimensions are thus given in Arundel MS. 30, at
the Coll. of Arms, fo. 214 (13th century), " Latitudo aule hospitu ibid.
Iv. ped. Longitudo iiijxx viij ped." It retains Norman walls north,
south, and west, with round-headed openings, and a noble cellar
under part of it, in a vaulted basement with nine columns and round
arches, now used as the kitchen. Hunter's remark, appended to
this note, does not imply that the whole of the substructure was
demolished, nor, perhaps, that all the chambers were. This hall
seems to answer to the Cellarer's hall or Guesten hall at Canterbury,
and the Terrer and Cellarer at Durham appear to have shared the
duties that fell to the Cellarer elsewhere (see ch. xlix). Yet there
was a Hostillar as well. — See Rolls, Index under Camera, Guests,
Guest-hall, Hostillar.
The following passage, omitted in p. 105 of Hunter's editions, is
added at the end, after p. 168 : — " The Houses belonging- to the Four
following Prebends, viz., the Second, Third, Fourth, and Tenth,
enjoyed by the Rev. Dr. Benson, Mr. Skckkr, Mr. Falle, and Dr.
Sharp, were prepared out of the apartments and other offices
belonging to the Guest's Hall, the Hall itself being wholly
demolished, nothing thereof remaining except a Part of the Western
Wall : But nothing remains to let us know, what was in the Sixth
and Twelfth Prebendaries Houses, at present enjoy'd by the Rev.
Dr. Watts, and Dr. Ri'NDEL." Much more than the west wall still
remains ; see note above.
pillers supporting yt\. The other English guest halls, of which we have
sufficient knowledge to enable us to speak positively, were simple
halls without pillars.
The chambers & lodginges]. Several of the chambers are mentioned by
name in the Rolls, e.g. in pp. 147 — 149. These may have been over
the great hall, or else beside it on the same level. There is a
chamber with a fine oak roof, to the west, which may well have been
the " King's Chamber.'' We find in 1416-46, " reparacio camera?
australis Hostillariae, vocatas Camera Regalis," and " factura
Camerae Regalis." — Scr. Tres, pp. eclxxiv, eclxxv.
a seller apper/ayninge, etc.|. There is a good deal of cellarage yet
remaining ; see note above.
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 273
there needed nogeist haule]. The Prior had his own great ball in his house,
answering in its uses to the later Priors hall at Canterbury called
Mi-ist onu-iN, ihe rlomors, etc., which succeeded to the Nova Camera
Prions of Norman times ; that is to say ii served for the more
private hospitalities of the Prior, as distinct from those of the
Convent. See Rolls, Index under Trior, and Introduction, p. iii.
Sometimes, as at Worcester, the Trior's great hall served also as
the Guesten hall of the Convent.
the Benevolence therof]. In the Cosin MS. all lias boon omit led in the
copying from these words to "that no thinge should be wantinge
tor any stranger," etc., in oh. xux, paragraph on Dane Roger
Watson, but that ami other omitted portions are addeil at the end.
two porters}. The Hall door has been destroyed or concealed, but the
Usher door remains in its original state. See above, on eh. XXXVII.
XLVIII, pp. 91 — 92.
i"' childrine of v aumerey]. There was a question whether the monastic
Eleemosyna " possit distribui in usus Scholarium proficere volentium
in studio Grammatics, prout fieri solet in quibusdam monasteriis, in
quibus de remanentibus Monachorum in Eleemosynaria exhibentur
tales Scholares in magno numero ? " The conclusion was, " videtur
quod non, quia tales aliunde laborando, possunt sibi vitae necessaria
quaerere, . . . maxime si occasione talium suhstrahatur Eleemosyna
ab egenis, et pauperibus magis indigentibus qui seipsos relevare
non possunt." — Lyndewode, Provinciate, 1679, p. 209. Notwith-
standing this adverse judgment, there were children of the Almery
not only at Durham, but at St. Augustine's, Canterbury, and no
doubt elsewhere.
»ver ye gatcs\. Those of the stable, apparently, under the stairhead. See
the next paragraph.
Mr. Steph : Marleys lodginges], Stephen Marley, B.D., was one of the
monks who were made prebendaries on the new foundation in 1541.
He had been sub-prior, and when the Almery was abolished its
buildings were assigned to him. Great parts of the original walls
remain, but it has been much altered since his time, and served
as the house attached to the sixth stall until it was vacated
under the Act for the reconstitution of the Chapter in 1840, since
which time it has been used for Chapter offices.
V fcrmorv chamber ivtho-ivte ye Abbey gatcs\. Apparently the same as "the
Farmery without the South gaits," mentioned a little below, and the
infirmaria extra portam abbathue, the expenses of which occur
annually in the Almoners' Rolls. — See Index to Rolls, under Infirmary,
outer, and Infirmary, reff. 199 — 258. The principal gates may have
been called the South gates with reference to the North gates at
the end of the Bailey. The Triors appear to have maintained an
Infirmitorium seecularium outside the gates, with its own chapel.
No traces of this Farmery or of its chapel are known to exist.
They probably occupied the site where are now the stables of No. 1,
South Bailey, and where an old road, now disused, leads down to
18
274 RITES OF DURHAM.
the river. It was sometimes called the Infirmary " between the two
Baileys.'* On the Cistercian Lay folks' Infirmary see Yks. Arch.
/ml., XV, 393-
Sr Rob : Hartburne\. Rector of Kimblesworth, 1526; he died 1543.
Magdelens chappell\. The ruins stand in a garden a little to the north of
the higher part of Gilesgate. For its history see Memorials of St.
Giles's (Surtees Soc), Intr., xxix ; Rolls, Index under Magdalens,
and Intr. to Rolls, xxxix.
Kimblesworth chappell\. Kimblesworth was called a rectory. The church
or chapel had gone to decay in 1593, and the parish has long been
united to that of Witton Gilbert (Hutchinson, II, 350). It is about
three miles north of Durham. The only vestige of the chapel is an
Early English grave-cover, quite plain, lying by a hedge near the
site, which is under the plough, in " Chapel Field."
the Covie\. See above, ch. XXXIX, note, p. 258. The door from the Frater,
blocked up, the great kitchen window, mutilated and blocked up, and
the window or square opening where the children received their
meat and drink, are all to be seen in the Covey or vaulted pantry
under the Loft. There are many references to it and to the Clerk of
the Covey (Covent, p. 91) in the Rolls, see the Index under Cova.
the farmery wthouf yf south gaites\. See note, p. 273. The four aged
women would probably in many cases be relatives of the monks,
persons who might well be considered to have a special claim on the
hospitality of any monaster)-.
ye releefe]. " The remains of a meal gathered together to be bestowed as
alms." — Liber Evesham., H. Bradshaw Soc, p. 178. " Cumque
omnes comederint ; percutiat ter mensam cum cultello et colligatur
releuium." — lb., col. 17.
to save tnessc to]. An improper expression, but probably one which was
current. Some people would now speak of reading the prayers "to"
three or four old women.
XLVIII (A), pp. 92—93.
a stately Fabrick], See Carter, PI. iv, v ; Billings, passim ; Greenwell,
pp. 81, 82.
the East Front of the Aline Altars], See the old view, showing the statues,
in Durham and North umb. Arch. Trans., V , PI. vii, and p. 36, and the
two plates in Hutchinson, II, at p. 224.
XLIX, pp. 93-98.
Thes Beynge, etc.]. In Hunter's edition, 1733, and the reprint, 1743,
p. 116 ff., these paragraphs on the officers come after all the rest,
and are preceded by the chapter on " The Steeple " here printed,
which is not in the MSS. nor in Davies, but is in Sanderson, 1767,
p. 89.
Mounckes and officers]. We here have notices of the Obedientiaries or
monks holding offices and having each his own separate chamber.
The Officers or Obedientiaries in a Benedictine monastery were not
all the same everywhere, and their number increased with division of
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 275
labour as time wont on. Besides monks and novices, who wore not
officers, the Rule of St. Benedict (c. A.D. 540) mentions only the
Abbot, the Praepositus, Provost, or Prior, Deans, Priests (monks then
being commonly laymen), the Cellarer, and the Porter. The monks
then took their turns as weekly servers in the kitchen and weekly
readers, and some were artificers. Lanfranc [c. \.n. 1073) gives
minute particulars as to the duties of the Abbot, the Major Prior, the
Cloister or deputy Prior, the Circumit ores or Circae, the Cantor, the
Secret ari us ov Sacrist, the Chamberlain, the Cellarer, the Guest-
master, the Almoner, and the Infirmarer. For the officers and
servants at Worcester in later times, see Noako's Worcester, 242 ff. ;
at Winchester, Kitchin's Compotus Rolls, Hants Record Soc, Introd.,
3] -33, No doubt, as a rule, the more capable and energetic of the
monks found their way into the Obedientiary Offices by a process
akin to " natural selection.'' Each of the principal officers, in later
times at least, had definite estates, charges on churches, or other
sources of income, assigned to his office, for which he was
responsible at the audit to the Abbot (or Prior) and Convent. And
each had to produce to the Bursar his own account-rolls, many of
which have survived, and of these some have been printed, as by the
Surtees and other societies. Some at least of the officers were
excused some of their personal attendance in the church, and had
vicars assigned to perform their duties in choir and at the altars. —
See Rolls, Index under Obedientiaries, Officers, Officiarii, Vicar.
Dane Stephen Merle v ye Supprior, etc.]. See note on him, p. 273 ;
also Hutchinson, II, 190 ; and on the Sub-prior, ch. xliv. " Dane "
or " Dan " was the English form of the title dominus, used especially
in speaking of or to members of religious orders, but also in the case
of others.
maister of the fratere]. The " Refectorarius " or fraterer. — See Index to
Rolls, s.v.
to goe every nyghte , etc.]. Sec note on " a privy serche," ch. xliii.
the faroden yettes}. See below, under Roger Wryght, ch. L.
Dane William Watsonn], First prebendarv of the twelfth stall. Before
the Dissolution he appears to have been both Vice-prior and Prior's
chaplain (see pp. 94, 101). Possibly, however, there were two
persons of the same name.
mr & kepper of ' y /ereli/re]. Raine gives a dated list of shrine-keepers and
of their consocii, beginning with Elf red Westoue, 1022. From 1378
to 1513 the accounts are fairly complete ; see St. Cul/iberl, 113 — 168.
Rolls have since been found extending the series from 1370 to 1538.
— Rolls, 420 — 483.
and <!eece Prior]. " Deice " and " deace " below. This officer is men-
tioned next after the Sub-prior, and appears to have been what was
commonly called the Third Prior. From his being called the " deece
prior" in Durham wo may suppose that, being also Prior's Chaplain,
as appears below, he usually took his dinner and supper at the high
table on I lie dais in the Prior's Hall, and "sat as chief" when the
Prior was absent, as the Sub-Prior did in the Loft.
276 RITES OF DURHAM.
his chamber was in the Dorter}. That is, as Master of the Feretory, but as
Prior's chaplain his chamber was next to that of the Prior.
ye holy sacrede shrine]. See ch. 11 ; Rolls, Index under Shrine.
clarke of 'ye fereture\. See Rolls, Index under Shrine, clerk of.
in i"' mattenes iy>ne\. " Te Deuni " was sung at the end of Mattins on
Sundays and Festivals except in Advent and from Septuagesima to
Easter. Lauds then followed immediately after, and with Mattins
practically formed one service.
hie wess lyme\. The Missa alta or Missa magna, sung with music and
much more elaborate ritual than that of an ordinary mass, which
was called missa privata or missa bassa. On Low Mass and High
Mass from the eleventh to the sixteenth century, see Pearson, The
Sar/tm Missal, Lond., 1884, lviij — lxix.
evinsong tyme\. Evensong is the English name for the Office of Vespers.
&f dyd offer any thing]. All who visited the shrine would make at least
some small offering in money. This was dropped into a box secured
by two locks, one key being kept by the Shrine-keeper and the other
by his colleague. The sums received in 69 years from 1378-9 to
1488-9 are stated in Raine, St. Ciithb. , 115, 116. The roll of 1513-14,
the latest known to Dr. Raine, has never been completed, hence the
" blank " on which he builds the inference that offerings had ceased.
We find in 1525-6, 11/. 75. 2d. ; in 1536-7, 7/. 105. $d. ; and in 1537-8,
4/. -js. s)4d. See Feretrars' Rolls, Rolls, 420 — 483. In earlier
times the money offerings were laid on the tomb, so that a certain
thief " feyned als he the toumbe walde kys " and " clekyd vp in
mouthe hys Penys four or fvue. — Melr. Life, 6344-6, from Symeon,
III, 13.
gould, sylver, or Jewels]. For some of these, presented by Robert Rodes,
of Newcastle, in 1446-7, and hung on the shrine, see Rolls, p. 440.
For others, the Status, p. 450. In the Feretrars Roll of 1501-2 we
find 2s. 8d. " pro xiv tenturhukis factis ex argento pro fixura
annulorum super feretrum," p. 480.
hoin/ge on ye shrine]. See the last note. The making of hooks for the
shrine in 1398-1401 is mentioned in Rolls, 446, 448.
vnicorne home, Eliphant Tooth, etc.]. Such natural curiosities, then more
rarely seen in England than now, were highly prized, and exhibited
together with the relics. " Unicorn's horn " was probably the tusk
of the narwhal or sea-unicorn, Monodon Monoceros. In the relic-list
of 1383 we find not only " quatuor particular de ebore longse et
curvatse," but several " ova griffina," probably ostriches' eggs, or
perhaps coco nuts. — Rolls, 427 — 434. Also " duo ungues griffonis,"
426. One of these appears to have been the horn of an ibex, four
feet long, and to have found its way to the British Museum. See
Rolls, Introduction, p. xx. The tusks of the walrus, Trichecus
Rosmarns, would also find their way into these collections.
many goodly Reliquies]. See the Liber de Rehquiis, 1383, printed in Rolls,
425 — 440, and in Smith's Bede, 1722, Appendix, 740 — 745, but
wrongly dated 1372. For two earlier lists than this, see Set: 7'res,
p. ccccxxvi, and note.
NOTES ON THE TEXT. -'77
Regester of the house]. The Register!) oi the Prior and Convenl remain in
the custody of the Treasurer of the Chapter, in very good order.
S*nct Cuthbertes Banner], See above, ch. XV, p. 23, and notes, p. 214 ;
Roils, Index under Cuthbert, St., banner of.
ally* Pippes of it]. The stiver pipes ami cross are mentioned in the
Feretrars' Inventories. Rolls, Index under Pipes, Cross.
sleaven on], Sleaue on, Cos, ; sliven on, L, ; sliuen on, C. ; sliven on,
Dav., II. ; sliden on, Sanderson. That is, slipped on. See Skeal,
s.w. Sleeve, Slip. The shafts of the large maces of our municipal
corporations are still made of similar pipes of metal slipped upon a
wooden shaft.
ye wynyng of Branches feilde], Brankes Hill, by Flodden Field. — Rolls,
663. There is an interesting entry about the battle and the banner
on that page.
the kinge ofScotfes Banner]. See above, ch. 11, p. 6.
at manye other places besydes]. See Rolls, Index under Cuthbert, St.,
banner of.
~,i'tl> his surplice <>n\. See Rolls, 454, 462.
a strong girdle]. This girdle (singulum — cingulum) is mentioned in Rolls,
448.
a sochet of home]. It is not easy to understand from the description how
this socket was fixed ; sockets are now used in the same sort of way
for heavy banners. There was a payment of lod. " in emendacione
cuppe pro vexillo beati Cuthberti." — Rolls, 458.
S'ule Beedes shrine]. See above, ch. XXII, p. 44.
///c Revestrie], See note on the Vestrye, ch. XII, p. 211.
vj novices]. See ch. xxxix, p. 82, and ch. xliii, p. 85.
Cowles, froches, etc.]. A very interesting inventory of novices' clothes, etc.,
including " j pokett pro vestibus lavandis," is printed from Lambeth
.MSS., Xo. 448, to. 106, in D. J. Stewart's work on Ely Cathedral,
1868, p. 231 ; also in Ethelred Taunton's English Black Monks,
1897, I, 71//., 72 ; for their outfits at Durham, see Rolls, 190, and at
Canterbury, Customary, II. Bradshaw Soc, 1902, Vol. I, p. 400.
goynge daly to there bookes]. And sometimes, no doubt, to lighter occupa-
tions. .Mr. Micklethwaite directed attention in 1873 to some sets of
" nine-holes " cut in the stone bench in the part of the cloister that
was occupied by the novices at Westminster, and they have since
been found on the benches of the Benedictine cloisters of Canterbury
and Norwich, and of the secular cloister of Chichester, as well as in
other places. See his illustrated paper on the indoor games of
school boys in the Middle Ages. — Arch. Inst. Journal, XLIX,
319 ; see also XXXIII, 20. At Durham the cloister benches have all
disappeared, and with them, very likely, some sets of " nine-holes,"
ov perhaps marks for the game of fox and gees,.', which exist at
Gloucester and Salisbury.
he was sent to oxfbrde]. Namely, to Durham College, first founded by Prior
Richard de Hot on about 1290, but provided with a separate endow-
menl and a constitution by Bishop I [atfield ( 13 (.5 8a). I' was dissolved
2jS RITES OF DURHAM.
in 154I1 and granted to the new Dean and Chapter of Durham, but
became a hall in the University for about sixteen years, in which
time going to ruin it was repaired and endowed by Sir Thomas Pope
as Trinity College, where some of the old buildings remain, with
Durham heraldry in their windows. See further in Wood, Antiq. 0/
Oxford (Oxf. Hist. Soc), II, 263; Collectanea, third Ser. (lb.), 1 — 76,
with facsimile of Loggan's view, showing the old buildings ; Rolls,
passim, see Index, under Oxford. The Benedictine houses of
Canterbury and Gloucester also had Colleges in Oxford belonging
to them.
they dyd syng there first messe]. Always regarded as a principal and
epoch-making event in the life of any priest. In the Cistercian
Statutes of 1256-7, Dist., II, 4, we find " Sacerdotes noviter ordinati
primas missas non nisi privatim cantant." A novice never handled
any money until he said his first mass, but on that occasion he
received 6s. 8d. —Rolls, Index, under Masses, first.
Maister Sagersten]. Mr. Sacristan, Sacrist, or Sexton, called Secretarlus
in Lanfranc.
The Sextcns checker]. Mentioned above, ch. XI, p. 18. It was built by
Prior Wessington between 1416 and 1446, at a cost of £,60. — Scr.
Tres, p. eclxxii. The pointed doorway that led into it from the north
choir aisle is visible within the church, but has been effaced outside.
The bench-table of the middle arch in the outer arcade on the east
side of the north transept is cut away for the north wall of the
checker, and on the north wall of the choir-aisle is an upright groove,
as if there had been a wooden partition. The dimensions of the
Sexton's checker were probably similar to those of the Vestry on the
south side of the quire, p. 211.
■mth in the church in ye north alley]. These words apply in strictness only
to the doorway, not to the checker itself.
but sc nee ill is pulled downe, etc.]. This later addition refers to the visit
of Charles I in 1633, when he addressed a letter to the Chapter
directing them to remove " cerlaine meane tenements " built against
the walls of the Church or Quire, as soon as the leases were run out.
— Cosin's Correspondence, etc., Surtees Soc, I, 212 — 217. Whether the
royal mandate was meant to affect the Sacrist's checker does not
appear, but it was pulled down in 1633 or 1634 according to the
Gough MS., above, p. 164.
V songe scoole made In ye Cloisters]. It occupied, until recently, two com-
partments of the undercroft of the Great Dormitory, adjoining the
south side of the Treasury. See above, p. 264.
Mr Green]. Probably James Green, who appears in the Treasurer's books
as Minor Canon and Sacrist, 1663-7.
to provyde bread]. Lanfranc gives minute directions for the making of the
altar-bread by the secretarius or sacristan. — Wilkins, I, 349. These
are repeated, with additions, in the Consuetudinary of Abbot Ware,
caii. vi. — Cotton MS. Otho, c. xi, fo. 34, and that of St. Augustine's,
Canterbury, H. Bradshaw Soc, 1902, p. 1 19. Only the very finest
wheal flour was used, and the utmost care was observed in order to
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 279
ensure purity and cleanliness. "Frater qui ferra in quibus coquuntur
tenet manus chirotheci.s babeat involutas." And while the " hostise "
are being made and baked, the brethren employed are to say the
regular hours, with those- of the Blessed Virgin, the penitential
psalms, and the Litany. The servants assisting are to recite psalms.
On the fire-place in the south transept, see note on ch. xvi, p. 218,
Proa Soc. Ant. Lond., Dec. 18, 1902, and Rolls, Index under Altar-
breads, Hosts, Obleys, Obley-irons, Wheat.
seggersten hewgh\ Called on the spot " Seggerston hyuff," and in the rolls
Clivus Sacristee, le Hough, le Hogh, le How, etc., he ugh in the north
being a level space at the top of a steep declivity, and to be dis-
tinguished From haugh, a flat between rising- ground and a river,
liable to be overflowed. See Rolls, Index under Sacristonheugh, for
much information concerning the Sacrist's establishment there.
St Margarettes waird], St. .Margarets Ward, L., C. ; St. Margarets wood,
H. 45 ; St. Mary's Cubard, Cos. ; St. Mary's Cupboard (over an
erasure), H. 44, and all the printed editions. Nothing has been
found in the Sacrists' Rolls to throw any light on this matter.
leathering]. Providing with new baudericks when the old ones were worn
out. Ow the old method of hanging the clappers by bauderick and
busk-board, retained and in use in Devonshire in many cases in
1872, see H. T. Ellacombe, Church Bells of Devon , 17. The bauderick
was a stout thong of whitleather, i.e. horse hide prepared without
tan. See Rolls, Index under Bawdricks, Bell, Bells, etc., Whit-
leather.
y aumbrie . . . standing ze11' in ye north quer dour\. It probably stood,
like the great relic aumbry at Canterbury, opposite to the throne in
the quire.
Allso !"■' reent to y chapter house, etc.]. The reference is to the daily
meeting of the whole Convent in the Chapter-house alter Prime in
summer and after Terce in winter. Then took place ( 1 ) A reading
from the Mart yrology of the day, with suitable versicle, collect, etc. ;
(21 The reading of the local Necrology or list of names of the
faithful departed benefactors, bishops, and other friends, with
prayers for them ; (3) The distribution of work to eiich monk, with
versicles, collect, etc. ; (4) The reading of a chapter in the Ride ot
the Order, with an exposition or sermon upon the portion read ;
(5) Self-accusation, the denouncing of notorious offenders, and
penance. In minor details the usages varied in different orders,
places, and limes. See Martene, A/on. Rit., lib. I, cap. v; Gran-
colas, Brcv. Ron., lib. I, cap. xxxvi ; Liber Eves/iamensis, H.
Bradshaw Soc, col. 10.
alwaies at y* heighe alter]. This was the custom in many churches, but not
in all. — Wordsw.y i\.
his Memento]. The portion of the Canon of the Mass beginning
" Memento, Domine, famulorum famularumque luarum," at which
period in the service in ancient times the Dtptychs, or lists of saints
and others 10 be prayed for, were recited ; hence the Memento was
called Orotic super Diptycha. See references in W. Maskall, Ancient
Liturgy, 1X41., p. 84**., and Bona, Rerum Liturg., lib. II, cap. xiv.
280 RITES OF DURHAM.
the one halfe . . . did say masse]. That is, each said his private mass
while not assisting at the Chapter mass or High mass.
i"- high mess tyme\. Probably about 10 a.m., the Chapter mass having
been sung at nine.
/Iter duble furnitures]. So in the case of the High Altar, ch. Ill, p. 9.
L, pp. 99 — 102.
Dane Robert Bennett]. After the Dissolution he became first prebendary of
the nth stall, May 12th, 1541. His mother was a sister in the
Hospital of St. Mary Magdalene, Durham, in 1532 and 1534. —
Memorials of St. Giles's (Surtees Soc), 245, 246. His account-book
from 1530 to 1534 is printed in Vol. 18 of the Surtees series, and there
are Bursars' rolls of his predecessors and himself for many years
from 1278 to 1541. — Rolls, 484 — 707. On the title " Dane " (dominus)
see p. 93«., and N. E. D.
The Bowcers checker]. There is a small blocked doorway just on the left as
we enter the passage from the College to the Cloisters ; this seems
to have been the entrance to the Bursar's Office.
cole garth]. The coal-yard. The coal house is frequently mentioned in
Rolls ; see Index, s.v.
all other . . . mayde there accoumptes to him]. See above, on the Obedien-
tiaries, p. 274.
ye Cellerer of the house]. The Cellarer is one of the officers mentioned in
the Rule of St. Benedict, and was always an important person in the
management of a monastery, though in some places his duties were
more extended than they seem to have been in Durham. It is to be
noted that the word cellar (Lat. cellarium, set of cells) originally
meant a storehouse or storeroom, whether above or below ground.
The monastic cellarium was usually in more or less of the vaulting
under the western range of the cloister. For Durham, see note on
the Great Cellar, ch. XXXIX, p. 259. At Canterbury the " Cellarer's
domain " was very extensive, and included not only the usual
Cellarium, but Prior Chillenden's Guest-chambers, and the Cellarer's
Hall or Guest-hall. While the "North Hall" was used for the
lodging of the lowest class of pilgrims, that also would probably be
included. See R. Willis, ch. vi, and ch. vii, 3. There is a good deal
about the Cellarer in Lanfranc ; he is to be "pater tolius con-
gregationis," to look after the sick as well as the whole, and, on the
day when the sentence of the Rule which relates to him is read in
Chapter, he, having been warned beforehand by the Precentor, is to
make a feast for the brethren in the frater, preceded by an act of
reparation for his own shortcomings, while all are in Chapter.
The Cellerers checker]. William Todd, D. D., was the first prebendary of the
fifth stall, and the Cellarer's checker, assigned to him as a prebendal
residence, must have been over two apartments shown in Carter's
plan as being on the west side of the kitchen, and each covered in by
a waggon-vault running east and west. Some part of the Cellarer's
stores may have been kept in these. These buildings were swept
away in 1849, but the roof-mark of the chamber over them, and other
indications, may still be discerned.
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 28 1
</ longe greece . . . ouer ye fawlden yeattes]. This greece or Bight of steps
must have run east and west and have been carried over the folding
gates by an archway ; it cannot have run north and south, as did
the later stairs shown in Carter's plan. The gates would lead from
the Curia (now the College) in the direction of the bowling-green,
and were probably situated at the south-west corner of the
Dormitory, whence a road led northward by the side of the same
and under the bridge between it and the upper storey of the Rere-
dorter, shown in Carter's plan.
His office was, etc.]. All this is amply borne out by the extant Cellarers'
Rolls, many of which, of dates between 1306 and 1535, have survived.
Copious extracts from them are printed in Rolls, 1 — 112.
Dane Roger Watson\. First Prebendary in the second stall, May nth,
>54'-
ye Terrerof ye house], " The Terrer " does not appear to be mentioned by
this name in connexion with other English monasteries, but Dn
Cange gives some quotations under Terrarius and Terrerius. lie
was properly and originally an officer in charge of the lands, but in
Durham the Bursar and the Keeper of the Garners received the
rents and corn, while the Terrer and Hostillar together discharged
the duties of Guest-master. The Tenet's Checker or office cannot
now be identified. There are Terrers' Rolls between 1400 and 1512.
— Rolls, 299 — 308.
ye geste chambers]. We have a full account of the names and furniture of
these chambers in an inventory dated June 8, 1454. The chambers
named are, the king's chamber, the knights' chamber, Barry, the
water chamber, the new chamber, and the clerks' chamber, besides
the summer hall and the winter hall. See Rolls, Introduction, xxxii.
two hogshedes of wyne]. These were probably kept in the cellarage now
used as the kitchen of the house formerly assigned to the third stall.
Among other expenses in the Ilostillar's Roll of 15J8 g we find
mention of ten hogsheads of reel wine at 30s. and 35s., as well as
" in vino Malwasel et claret empt. in villa diversis vicibus pro
Justiciar' d'ni Regis, d'no Episcopo, et aliis extraneis et hospitibus,"
20s. In 1523 4, " in vino empto . . pro multitudine adveniencium
tempore gwerrae." — Rolls, 102, 161.
prove inter for tln-rc horses]. It is not known where the stables were, or
where the hay was stored. The Hostillars' rolls regularly mention
expenses of " falcacio et lucracio feni " at various places in the
neighbourhood, as well as for oats, pease and beans for pnebenda or
provender for horses. — Rolls, 113 — 164.
ye kepper <>J lite Garneres], A necessary officer in every monastery, but
not often mentioned. See Rolls, Introduction, I'm.
.I/*- Pilkingtons haule doures], Leonard Pilkington, D.D., fourth pre-
bendary of the seventh stall (1567 92), is said to have rebuilt the
Granary, which had been made into a dwelling house by Rob.
Dalton, B.D., the first prebendary (1341 00). Hut the original
substructure remains.
282 RITES OF DURHAM.
.]/>■ Bunnies house], Francis Bunney, A.M., was the fifth prebendary of the
eighth stall (1572-1617).
His office was, etc. J. So at Worcester, the Granetarius received grain for
flour and malt and kept account thereof. — Noake, Worcester, 258.
There are Rotuli Gr ana torts at Durham of various dates between
i-95 and ' 534-
where nf Beiuiettes lodging was]. Robert Bennett, first prebendary of the
eleventh stall (1541-58), having been previously monk and bursar;
see above, p. 280. The precise site of the maltkiln is unknown.
Dane Thomas Sparke]. First prebendary of the third stall (1541-7:). As
he was consecrated bishop suffragan of Berwick in 1537, that he
might exercise chorepiscopal authority through the whole diocese of
Durham, he probably had a deputy to attend to the humbler
functions of the Chamberlain of the Abbey. See above, p. 224.
There was a regular allowance " pro duabus tunicis furrur' empt.
pro camerario et ejus socio, 20s. ; eidem camerario pro botis,
6s. 8d."--Rolls, 197 ; see Index under Tunics, furred.
ye CIiambcrlayne\. The Chamberlain (camera riits) is not mentioned in the
Rule o( St. Benedict, but has an important place in Lanfranc and in
all accounts of monastic officers. He always looked after bedding
and clothes, sometimes also after other matters ; thus at Worcester
he managed the horse-shoeing, and lighted and put out the lamps in
the dormitory. Lanfranc directs that he shall supply horse-shoes
for the abbot, prior, and guests. The rolls mention " ferrura
equorum et mariscalcia," provender, summer pasturage, harness,
etc., of horses. — Rolls, 165 — 198.
The chambcrlaynes checker]. This was over the tailor's work-room, some-
where about the site now occupied by the first house ow the right
after passing through the great gateway. There are many
Chamberlains' Rolls between 1333 and 1532, in which, under
" Empcio pannorum," occur the annual purchases of large quan-
tities of different sorts of cloth, white and black thread, cost of
sewing (perhaps put out), etc. — Rolls, 165 — 198.
Mr Swifte\. Robert Swyft, LL.D., was third prebendary of the first stall,
1562— c. 1599.
slammyne, otherivaies called lyncye wonncye]. Slamine is from the old
French estamine, late Lat. staminea from stamen, warp, thread, used
of woollen cloth for monastic garments (Dti Cange, s. v. Staminea, etc.),
or, as here, of linsey woolsey, cloth of linen and wool in combination,
used for sheets and shirts. The term was also applied to a shirt
made of this material.
they dyd neuer weare any lynynge]. It was said that St. Etheldreda from
the time that she came to Ely would never use linen, but only woollen
garments. Bede, Eccl. Hist., lib. IV, cap. xvii (xix). This was "a
recognised feature of the ascetic life." See Plummer's note in his
edition of Bede, vol. II, p. 237, and references there given. At a visi-
tation of Tavistock Abbey in 1373 the monks were strictly inhibited
by Bishop Brantyngfham lest any should use " lintheaminibus vel
camisiis lineis." — Reg. Brantyngham, Pt. I, ed. Hingeston- Randolph,
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 283
312, Linen would be more costly, and though) too luxurious, and
would want washing oftener than linsey woolsey. The Rule
prescribes that the monks clothes shall be such as can be found in
the country where they live, o\- what can be bought ai a cheaper
rate. In 1471 lYior Bell senl a circular letter to the various colls
expressly prohibiting the use of linen shirts and woollen caligte
closed, after the manner of lay-folk. Scr. Tres, p. ccclii.
"in- of the servauntes\. From there being at lirst as few servants as possible,
there came, as time wont on, to be a great many. At Evesham
there were fifty-nine at the Dissolution, while at Durham there must
have boon at least a hundred. See App. V, p. 144. A hundred or
more was the usual number in the larger monasteries. At Wor-
cester, the Chamberlain had a staff of tailors under him in their
work-room to the west of the church, and at Durham he had a cissor
under him. — Rolls, Index under Tailors.
the common house]. See above, ch. XLV ; p. 270.
77/1' Commoners checker]. Constructed by partitioning off some pari of the
vaulted undercroft, probably by wooden screens. There are several
rolls of the Commoner (communiarius) between 1416 and 1535, in
which we find mention of the fuel, figs, raisins, etc. — Rolls, 285 — 29b!.
spices against lent]. Spices and savoury herbs would enable the monks
better to relish and digest their food on fast-days. We find that at
Winchester the (caterer's Valerius provided, at the Collation on
vigils, when they fasted, sage, mint, and parsley, in lieu of spices,
from the Invention to the Exaltation of the Holy Cross, May 3rd —
Sept. 14th, during: which time these herbs would be flourishing- in the
garden. See Consuetudinary, ed. Kitchin, 18S6, pp. 24, 47 ; Rolls,
Index under Spice, Garlic, Onions, etc.
for the keaping of his 0\. It was usual for each of the principal officers in
a monastery to " keep his O " by singing- one of the " great O's " or
Advent anthems (see above, p. 270) and providing' a pittance or
feast. There are several references to these in the Winchester Rolls
edited by Dean Kitchin; we there find the O Prion's, Lurtarii el
Berthonarii, Custodis, Coquinarii, and Hordarii. The same " O "
was not always assigned to the same officer. The custom at Fleurv
was for the Abbot to have O Sapientia, the Prior O Adonai, the
Gardener O Radix Jesse, the Cellarer O Claris David, the Treasurer
O Oriens, the Provost O Rex Gentium, the Librarian 0 Emmanuel,
the Master of the Works, who was also Sacrist, 0 Virgo Virginum.
Elsewhere the Treasurer usually had O Claris (Archeeologia, XLIX,
231 |. The solemn and moderate little banquet may have been a
sort ot set-off against any fasting' that was observed on these
last days of Advent. The person of greatest dignity took O
Sapientia ; " Excellentior persona quae in chore praesens fuerit
incipiat Antiphonam . . . post ilium . . . gradatim per singular
peis, .uas descendendo, usque ad Vigiliam Natalis Domini.' —Brev.
Saritm, Cantab., cliv, civ. At Durham, however, the first "O '
tell to the lot of the Commoner, unless the author of Rites be
confounding some other "O" therewith, which is not impossible,
considering the time at which he wrote. See above, eh. Xl.V.
2cS4 RITES OF DURHAM.
fygges and walnutes]. Dried fruits, especially raisins, will to some extent
compensate for the absence of flesh from a dietary.
Dane Will'm Watson], Mentioned above, ch. xlix, p. 94, as Vice Prior.
The two distinct offices of Vice Prior and Prior's Chaplain appear to
have been held by the same person at the time referred to.
over the staires\ The Dean's (formerly Prior's) hall is still reached by a
flight of stone stairs.
at the Bowcers handes]. It may be noted that the Bursar's checker was
situated close by that of the Chaplain. See above, p. 280.
named after litis sorte]. It would seem that novices as well as monks were
named " Dane " ; so Bachelors in our Universities are styled " Ds.''
for Domnus.
LI, pp. 102 — 103.
before mentioned]. Ch. 11, p. 3.
ye visilac'on]. The Visitation at Durham is not mentioned in the Letters
on the Suppression of the Monasteries published by the Camden
Society, the subjects of which do not extend further north than
Yorkshire. Dr. Legh, Ley, or Lee was one of the most active of
the Commissioners employed. He was described as "a doctor of
low quality," and his proceedings seem to justify the description.
See Dictionary of National Biography. He was at Selby on the 8th
of December, 1537, as was Walter Hendle or Henley. Blythman
was al York 15th December, 1537. — Letters on Suppr. Mon. (Cam-
den Soc), 166, 168. They were probably at Durham during the
same year, for 1537 is printed in the margin of Harpsfield's Hist.
Eccl. Angl. (1622), p. 105. The shrine at Bridlington was ordered
to be taken down in that year, but the general order was given
in the middle of 1538. The sheriffs, magistrates, and other
laymen then received commissions to take down shrines and other
monuments that were regarded as superstitious and afforded plunder.
Wilkins prints the commission for taking down St. Richard's shrine
at Chichester. — Cone., Ill, 840. There are good accounts of the
whole business in R. W. Dixon's History of the Church of England,
II, 69—74, an(J m F- A. Gasquet's Henry VIII and the English
Monasteries, 1889, II, 402 — 413.
woorthie & goodly Jewells]. See the lists in Rolls, under SUUus Officii
Feretrarii.
one pretious stone]. The Emerald, valued, with five rings and silver chains,
at Z."3.336 '3s- 4d- in i4°T- — Rolls, 454.
y clt isle . . . bound wth Irone]. This iron-bound chest is not mentioned by
Raine as having been found in 1827. It had probably been discarded
when a new chest was made in 1541-2.
yc gouldc smyth]. Probably one whom the Commissioners took about
with them to assist them in dealing with the plunder.
a great fore ham nier\. " The large hammer which strikes first; a sledge-
hammer."— N. E. D., where see quotations 1543 — 1894.
vncorrupt). Doubtless in what is called a "mummified'' condition, as bodies
have oft t'ii been found, e.g. those of our kings Edward the Con-
fessor, Edward I, and Charles I, of Thomas Gray Marquis of
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 2S5
Dorset, and of Bishops Lyndwode the canonist, Braybroke of
London, and Thirlby of Ely. Several bodies of Capuchin friars in
the same dried-up state are now exhibited at their monastery in
Rome, and others 1 i U i- them elsewhere.
11 /ar/Ji ni't/x grow/he]. Or probably more. Ii is not likely thai St. Cuthbert
would pay any attention to his beard during; his last sickness.
his vestmenfes]. Found in 1827 and still preserved. See Raine, St. Cuth-
bert, 104 ff. and Plates.
his met wand of gould]. The term metewand is usually applied to a
measuring rod, bul here it must mean a crosier, which, it of gold or
silver-gilt, would be carried ofFby the Commissioners of 15^7, and so
would not be found in 1827.
when he did breake vpe y* chiste]. He must have broken up three chests,
viz. the iron-bound chest above mentioned, the '' chest covered with
hides "that was opened in 1104, and the innermost chest, covered
with carvings, opened at the same time. The two latter were found
in 1827, but the outermost chest then found would be one made for
the burial in 1 541—2, and described as "a new coffin of wood " in a
tract written about 1559. — Raine, St. Cuthbert, 76, 175; Brief Account ,
5S; Rolls, quoted in note below. The greater part of the chest covered
with carvings is now to be seen in the Cathedral Library, and is
described in the Catalogue of Sculptured Stones, etc., Durham, iSqx),
pp. 134 — 156, and Plates 9 — 13. The broken pieces were taken out
of the grave in 1S27, and fitted together, as far as possible, in 1S9S.
The cover, sides, and ends exhibit rude but spirited outline carvings.
On the cover, Christ with the symbols of St. Matthew and St. Mark
over the head and of St. Luke and St. John under the feet. On
one end, the Blessed Virgin with the Infant Jesus, on the other
St. Gabriel and St. Michael. On one side, the twelve Apostles
with St. Paul, and probably St. Barnabas, in two rows ; on the
other, one row of six Archangels. The figures have their names
lightly cut on the wood, some in Roman and others in Runic
characters such as were used in England in Eata's time.
alas I hauc broke one of his leigges}. He may only have caused a knee-joint
partly to come asunder, which would consist with the bones being
found "perfectly whole" in 1S27 (Raine, St. Cuthbert, 213) and again
in 1 899 [Arcfupohgia, IA'II, 19 ff.).
y* synewes & ye shine heild it]. As they easily might do in the case of a
dried-up body. And when the bones were examined in 1 <Sc><. > some of
them showed " much ligamentous matter still adherent," others
showed remains of periosteum, and there were further indications
that the body had not decayed in a grave in the usual way (.Irc/iceo-
logiti, L\'I I, 20).
close and saiflie keapt\. An iron-bound chest now at the Castle, mentioned
above, p. 264, is shown as that in which St. Cuthbert's body
was kept, but the tradition may be quite modern and destitute
of foundation. It has been argued with great ingenuity by
the Rev. W. Brown that, during its sojourn in the Revestrv,
St. Cuthbert's body was bidden away somewhere in the church,
and a " sham St. Cuthbert " made up by swathing a skeleton
286 KITES OF DURHAM.
and placing on it episcopal robes which may have been taken
from the stores of the feretory if not from the very body of the
Saint ; that bv such a pious fraud the real body was secured from
profanation, while the counterfeit was buried in St. Cuthbert's
coffins in 1541-2, and that the Roman Catholic traditions of the
hidden body rest on a sound foundation. — {Where is St. Cuthbert-
buried? Durham, 1897). But the examination in 1899 made the
identification of the body, to say the least, highly probable, and this
probability was much strengthened by the discovery with it of parts
of a skull which was all but certainly St. Oswald's. — Archceologia ,
LVII, 24. Mr. W. H. St. John Hope calls attention to another
important point, namely that the cross found on the body in 1827,
" deeply buried among the remains of the robes which were nearest
to the breast of the Saint " (Raine, St. Cuthbert, 211), must have been
there, but overlooked, both in 1104 and in 1537, for Reginald does
not mention it, and it would hardly have been put on the body at the
later date. Therefore the body seen in 1 104 was, in all probability,
that which was seen in 1537, 1827, and 1899. There is an almost
contemporary notice of the opening of the shrine in the tract,
c. 1559, printed 1799, on the Origin and Succession of the Bishops
of Durham, p. 27, in George Allan's collection of local tracts.
the prior and the inounckes buried him\. The original bill of expenses
connected with this burial (1541-2) is now hanging in the Library,
framed and glazed. For a printed copy and translation, see Raine,
St. Cuthbert, 179, 180 ; it is printed also in Rolls, 742, 743. Nails and
iron bands are mentioned, and were probably for the new coffin, the
wood for which would come from the capitular store, and so not be
specified. There are entries relating to the marble stone, and the
sewing of a sheet, indicating that the interment was carefully and
decently conducted. Ow January 1st, 1542, George Skeles was paid
i5d. for 2^ days "circa facturam putei S. Cuthberti." — Rolls, 742.
Harpsfield says that Bishop Tunstall gave the directions for the
grave. — Hist. Eccl. Angl. (1622), p. 105. The marble base-course of
the shrine was used in the sides of the new grave. — Archceologia ,
LVII, 14, 16.
where his shrine was exalted}. The marble substructures of the shrines of
St. Cuthbert and St. Bede were removed in 1542 ; " solut. Johanni
Symson pro ablacione tumbaj S. Cuthberti et tumbe S. Bedas pro
quatuor diebus \]s. per me Robertum Dalton. — Raine, St. Cuthbert,
1 7877. ; Rolls, 742.
LII, pp. 103 — 104.
defaced by ye said visitors). " Paid to Rayffe Skelus and iij fellows for
takyng away Sanct Bedes Tumbe, 15^."— Raine, St. Cuthbert, ij8n. ;
Rolls, 742.
his bones being interred]. The plain tomb in the Galilee was probably
made at this time. The ground under it was examined in 1831, and
at a depth of about three feet below the floor were found a good
many human bones arranged in their respective places in a coffin of
full size, but by no means the whole number belonging to a perfect
skeleton. This was not to be expected, for many of Bede's bones,
NOTES ON THE TEXT. 287
real or reputed, had been acquired for other churches, and, indeed,
some may have been left al Jarrow when the rest were brought to
Durham by Elfred Westou, c. \.n. 1022. For an accounl of the
examination of the grave, see Raine, Br. Ace., 70 82.
the said stones]. These stones are now in the floor between two of the
piers near the door to the \.\V. corner of the cloisters. The one,
with three holes in each corner, measures 4 ft. (>'., inches by 2 ft.
in in. ; the other, without holes, 4 ft. 4 % in. by 2 ft. 8 in. The rovn-
of St. Cuthbert's shrine ran up and down on roils or staves in the
same way. Ch. 11.
LIII, p. 104.
S«cte Marks Day], Gregory the Groat appointed that the "Greater
Litany" should be sung in procession on St. Mark's day on the
occasion of a pestilence in Rome, and this observance continues in
the Church of Rome to this day. The Greater Litany is to be found
in the Roman Breviary next after the Penitential Psalms, and it is
used .also on the Rogation days. See also Brev. Sarum (Cambridge),
Faseie. II, col. 250, and Brev. Ebor. (Surtees), vol. I, col. 931.
commonly fasted]. The penitential character given to the dav superseded
its observance as a festival. Rut if St. Mark's day fell on a Sunday
or in Easter week there was, in some places at least, neither fast nor
procession that year. G. J. Aungier, Hist. Syon, 1840, p. 353. For
an English rule see Sarum Missal (Burntisland), col. 739.
ye Bowe church]. That of St. Mary in the North Bailey.
LIV, p. 104.
y iij Cross dates]. The Rogation days, or three days next before the Ascen-
sion Day. The term Cross-days appears to have been connected
with the processional crosses and banners bearing crosses that were
carried in " beating the bounds," perhaps also with the boundary
crosses that were visited in these perambulations. See Ellis's
Brand's Pop. Antiq., I, 201 ; Popish Kingdome, Englyshed by
Rarnabe Googe, R. C. Hope's reprint, 1S80, p. 53, The Litanies
sung on these days were the same as on St. Mark's day.
LV, pp. 105 — 107.
S»cte Cuthb : Barter], In 1536-7 we find a payment of 5s. " pro emendacione
vexilli Scl Cuthberti per communes Dunelm. fracti." — Roils, 483.
his crutch . . . with a rich niyter\. The Priors of Durham had used the
crosier and mitre from the time of Prior Berringlon. See above, ch.
XXV.
Sacte Beetles shrine], Ch. mi.
the picture of Sacte Oswald]. uYmagO S. Oswaldi argentea et doaurata
cum cosla ejusdem inclusa in pectore ymaginis " ' 1383). -Rolls, \ 26.
S"c/e Margarettes Crosse], Probably the smaller of the two Black Roods of
Scotland. See above, pp. i.s u). " Una crux que vocatur Sancte
IVfargarete regine Scocie." Rolls, 426.
288 RITES OF DURHAM.
Lyegaite\. Formerly Lykogate, Rolls, Index under Durham, streets, and
p. 9335 Likyate in Scr. Tres, 117 (1333); Lyegate layne, H. 45;
Lidgate, Cos. and H. 44; Ly-gate, Dav. ; Lidgate, H. editions;
" now Bow Lane," MS. addition. Now called Dun Cow Lane.
south baley\. "South" in all the MSS. and editions. But read "North,"
o\\ " to the South Bailey."
ye abbey gurfh]. The Curia or great court, now the College.
Image of S«cte Aidan\. Perhaps the head only; "Caput Sci. Aydani
ornatum in cupro deaurato et lapidibus preciosis " (1383). — Rolls, 433.
But an image of the whole fig-ure may have been acquired later.
the goodly richc Jewelles and Reliques]. Some status or lists of various
dates, printed with the Feretrars' Rolls, full}' bear out what is here
stated.
kyng Richard]. Richard III made oblations at the high altar on St.
Brendan's day, 1483. — Rolls, 414.
the historic of the church]. The History of the Church at large. — Davies.
Apparently some unpublished work now lost.
LVI, p. 107— 10S.
The place grene]. Now called the Palace Green.
the towle boivth]. Bishop Tunstall built a Toll booth " of eslier vvorke "
(ashlar) in the Market Place, and the suffragan bishop Sparke set
up a cross, also in the Market Place, where the old Toll booth had
stood, namely, near the middle of the "square." — Scr. Tres, 155,
156 ; Raine, Auckland, 64??. ; Hutchinson, Durham, II, 295.
Wyndshole yett]. There was probably a gate at the top of the lane or path
that leads down from the S.W. corner of the Green to the Banks,
now called " Windy Gap."
sytting on there kneys]. Kneeling, as above, p. 52.
The prior did sence yt]. He censed it, of course. The absurd reading
" fetch " is in all the editions as well as in Cosin's MS., but L. and C.
have " sence."
ye Banners of ye occupac'ons]. Those of the various trade guilds.
ye Revestrie]. That of St. Nicholas' church.
Doctcr Harvye and Docter Whitby]. See p. 251. For documents relating
to this visitation in the first year of Edward VI, see Wilkins, vol. iv,
pp. 3—26.
he dyd tread vpon it]. And so did Doctor Home, the dean of Durham,
according to Ch. xxxm, p. 69.
NOTES ON TIIK APPKNOIX.
Appendix I, pp. iog — 122.
A discription, etc.]. This description is attributed by Hunter, p. 120 of his
editions, to " Prior Wassington," but upon no authority. Indeed
some of the persons represented flourished long after Prior
Wessington's death, and the account seems to have been drawn up
as a supplement to Rites, for it makes no mention of any of the
windows therein described. There is a similar description of the
windows at Fairford, " from an old MS.," in Hearne's Coll. O. H. S.,
V, 244—247.
3 faire lights]. All existing representations known to us show a two-light
window in this place, e.g. the plates in Carter and in Billings, and
some earlier views. But the description here is so particular that
there must have been a three-light window at the time when it was
written, unless there be some confusion with another window. All
the aisle windows were Norman, with inserted Perpendicular tracer}'.
a nioiike in a bleu1 hubitte\. The black habit of the Benedictines was
usually represented as blue in painted glass, for the sake of pictorial
effect and harmony of colour. The St. Cuthbert window at York,
for example, is full of " blue monks." Sometimes purple was used, as
in the old glass at the Bodleian Library, representing the penance of
Henry III.
kneeling vpon his knees], "Sitting upon his knees" is the expression
commonly used in Riles ; see pp. 34, 52, 107.
lurretl wyndowes]. The upper lights in Perpendicular or Decorated tracer}-,
such as had been inserted in the Norman windows.
round about coloured glasse]. Apparently a coloured border.
saint Katherine], See above, p. 195*.
amies of St Cuthbert, etc.]. See below, p. 290.
Bushnp Skirlawes amies]. See above, p. 209.
his urines in a scutcheon]. See above, pp. 44, 230.
Si Xpofer], The legend of St. Christopher ; see Legenda Aurca, xcv ;
(no lessons in the ordinary English or Roman Breviaries) was one of
the most popular of all in the .Middle Ages, and representations of
him abounded. Gigantic images of the Saint crossing the stream
with the Infant Christ on his shoulders, and grasping the Staff,
were often placed in conspicuous situations, with the inscription,
" Christophori sancti faciem quicumque tuetur, Ilia nempe die non
morte mala morietur." There is a very tine example in glass at All
Saints', North Street, York, having these words on a scroll over
his head, " Cristofori d'ns sedeo qui crimina tollo."
10 knotts]. Devices in pattern glass. The same term was applied to
ornamental flower-beds. Alicia Amherst, Gardening in England,
1895, pp. 83, 122, 209.
'9
2C)0 RITES OF DURHAM.
the picture of trod, etc.]. Doubtless the usual representation of the Holy
Trinity, commonly including the Dove, not here mentioned.
amies of the nevills]. This being one of the windows of the Neville Chapel.
Canon Greenwell quite well remembers these windows, and the
Nevilles' arms in them (gules a saltire silver).
i"' hind at //is feelc]. Referring- to the beautiful legend of the hunted hind
protected by the saint (Legenda Aurca, exxv ; Brcv. Rom. et Ebor.
September i).
St Katficrine\. See above, p. 195*.
ye order of St Bennett]. See Appendix III, p. 124.
the priors within]. " ffryars " in H. 44, Hunter, etc., an obvious mistake,
for there were no Friars of the Benedictine Order.
howghells altar]. Endowed with land at Houghal, near Durham, as the
adjoining altar was with land at Bolton in the parish of Edlingham,
Northumberland. — Greenwell, 55«.
St Xpofer]. See above, p. 289.
ye picture of St Leon de\. There is a figure of St. Leonard in painted glass,
probably from the Cathedral, possibly this very one, now inserted in
the staircase window of the house belonging to the second stall,
now occupied by Canon Tristram. A coloured engraving of it was
published by" William Fowler, of Winterton, in 1806.
ye old seat]. The long form mentioned p. 34.
a casement]. An opening portion ; Hunter has " casemond " here, and
" casemund " occurs in 1556 (N. E. D. ).
a monkc traiteyling, etc.]. For the story here represented, see Bede's Life
of St. Cuthbert, ch. x, or the English Metrical Life, p. 49. The same
story has often formed the subject of pictorial representations. See
Yks. Arch. JrnL, IV, 305, XI, 493.
armour in blew colours]. Here the blue glass would indicate polished steel.
^ seu'all amies in scutcheons]. The arms attributed were, for St. Cuthbert,
As. a cross patonce Or between four lions rampant Arg. ; for St.
Oswald, Gu. a plain cross between four lions rampant Or ; for Our
Lady, Az. a heart Gu. winged Or transfixed by a sword in pale
proper ; for St. George, Arg. a plain cross Gu. See Longstaffe in
the Herald and Genealogist of 1872. Dugdale in 1666, in his Church
Notes in the Heralds' College, describing the Durham glass " in
australi fenestra alae australis," gives the two latter only, the two
former having probably been removed. At the present time the
above arms, with the exception of St. George's, are in a window at
the Deanery, and have probably been taken from the Cathedral.
part of the Crede], The legend assigning an article of the Creed to each
Apostle is of course mediaeval, not primitive. Two sermons among
the I'seudo-Augustinian works (CCXL, CCXLI, alias De Symbolo, IV, V,
Migne, Patrol. Lat., vol. 39, pp. 2189, 2190) assign to each Apostle an
article, but only five articles are given to the same authors in the
two discourses. The legend, with a list of apostles and articles, is
NOTKS ON THE APPENDIX. 291
given in the Rationale of Durandus, lib. IV, cap. 25. No one order
seems to be strictly followed in mediaeval art ; most of the Apostles
have the same articles, l>m some are subject to variation. There is
a 1 ■ — 1 in The Myrroure ofOure Lady, E. E. T. S., 1N73, p. 312.
St Leonard]. See note, p. 290.
Thomas Aforesbie]. Thomas Moreby was Cellarer in 14K) {Rolls, 56), and
in 1459 there were two patella called Moreby, probably his trills m-
acquisitions {//>., Sg).
U'»< Dntx\. Prior of Coldingham, 1417 1441. The mention of the crosier
in the hand of a Prior of Coldingham, which was only a cell of
Durham, is remarkable.
prioresse], St. Ebbawas Prioress in (lie double monastery of Coldingham.
S< W"* Bushop\ St. William, archbishop of York.
Thomas Rome}. Sacrist 1 405-25. Frequently mentioned in the Rolls ; see
Index thereto under his name.
The 9 Altars]. For notices of the North and South windows, -.00 above,
P- 3-
a cross? diuision]. The Lancet windows in the Nine Altars were all
provided with Perpendicular tracery, and, being lofty, required
transoms. This tracery has been renewed at the South cm\.
Cloyster windowes\ Described above, ch. xxxvi. p. 76.
Hawing his home]. St. Oswald's ivory horn was among the relics pre-
served at Durham. — Rolls, 431.
•with a scepter]. St. Oswald's ivory sceptre was also among the relics. —
Rolls, 426.
11 /aire crowne of gold . . . a bush of ostrich feathers]. The palatinate
coronet and plumes used by Bishop Hatfield and his successors.
See Longstaffe on the Old Official Heraldry of Durham in the Herald
mid Genealogist, 1872, and the Plates of Seals in Surtees' History of
Durham.
Si Katherina], See above, p. 2, and the notes thereon, p. 195.
.V Margaret], See Legenda Aurea, No. Ixxxviii ; Brcv. Sarum et Ebor.
20 July.
drawen ;■/> by wyndowes]. That is, by a win. las oi- windlass ; (putly, II. 45;
windowes, C. ).
Mary Magdelene . . . nidged to die]. The Rev. Father Poncelet, S.J.,
the Bollandist, who has kindly examined all the printed texts
relating to St. Mary Magdalene, has not found anything like this
incident, and he thinks it probable that we here have some confusion
with another saint, though the particulars given are not precise
enough to enable us to say what saint.
saint Edmond]. The archbishop, not the kin.y, as appears below. For the
legend here referred to, see Nova Legenda Angiiee, Oxford edition,
in which, as in the edition of 1516, the sainls are entered in
alphabetical order, vol. I, p. 317.
fadowmed]. Fathomed, i.e. encircled by extended arms. See Fathom, v,
in N. E. D.
292 RITES OF DURHAM.
his beheading]. The picture no doubt represented the beheading- of St.
Paul.
altar of S^ Aydaine]. Add, "and St. Helen."
carried to Heaven by hvo Angells]. See Yorks. Arch.Jrnl., IV, 287 ; Bede,
Vit. S. Cuthb., IV ; Engl. Mctr. Life, 36, 37 ; Appendix No. IV,
p. 142.
Si Elinor], A mere mistake, of course, for " St. Helena."
in her amies]. This must be a clerical error, corrected in H. 44. The
picture was probably a representation of the Holy Trinity.
8 seuerall orders]. Nine orders are reckoned, the seven here named,
together with Thrones, and Virtues, which, with the six pictures
mentioned in the text, would make up the "eight several pictures."
Nine pictures could not have been got in, so one was made to
represent Cherubim and Seraphim. The two omitted Orders may
either have disappeared from the window, or may have been
accidentally omitted in the description.
Appendix II, pp. 122 — 123.
A?ino Domini 144S]. The Sacrist's roll for this year is not extant, and the
Feretrar's Roll contains nothing relating to the royal visit. Over the
heading of the Hostillar's roll is written " Adventus Regis,'' and a
white horse was bought " de uno cursore d'ni Regis." The Bursar's
roll of the previous year has entries relating to correspondence with
the king, but the roll for 1448 is lost.
F. C. yj° kal : octobris]. In 1448 the Dominical or Sunday Letter was F,
therefore C was the letter of Thursday, Sept. 26, or vj kal. Oct.
See Aug. De Morgan's Book of Almanacks, pp. vii, 5, 21.
Appendix III, pp. 124 — 136.
Inscriptions beneath the Figures], This article is given as in the edition of
1842, but with some corrections, and references to the MS. In that
edition the paragraphs relating to local saints are given entire, the
rest being represented by the headings only, or by short abstracts.
The present editor copied the whole of them with the intention of
printing them in this edition, but as they would occupy about forty
pages, that plan has been abandoned. And as it is probable that the
inscriptions on the screenwork were simply what appear here as
headings, and that the explanatory paragraphs never appeared in
the church at all, there seems the less reason for introducing them
here. Those relating to the local saints, however, may as well
remain as specimens showing what the others are. They are all
copied in full, but incorrectly, in MS. Cosin B. II, 2. It does not
seem necessary to annotate them fully, as they hardby seem to come
within the scope of the present work.
per Bartaam conversus], Barlaam is said to have been a monk in India in
the earliest period of monasticism, and to have converted Josaphat,
an Indian prince. — Dictionary of Christian Biography, Barlaam and
Josaphat are commemorated in the Roman martyrology, Nov. 27.
John Damascene is the primary authority concerning them,
NOTES ON THE APPENDIX. 293
Ex Libro de fundacione, etc*]. The reference is to Symeon, Eccl. Dunelm.,
lib. II, cap. i.
commisso gravi prcelio]. The famous "Battle of the Standard," fought in
u38.
monachico kabitu est indutus]. This took place in the Cluniac monastery
ai Pontefract, in 1140. — Fasti Ebor., 208.
Ex Policronica\ The Polychronicon of Ralph Higden, compiled in the
fourteenth century.
munusque amoris deposit//]. Ethelwold's present may possibly have been
i In- stole and maniple still in existence. See Raine, St. Cuthbert,
20811., and 53. But the gift may have been that of a relic.
Ex Historia Aurea], The Historia Aurea is extant in three sets of MSS.,
namely MSS. Lambeth 10—12; MSS. C.C.C.C. 5, 6; and MS.
Bodl. 240. It was compiled by John of Tynemouth in the fourteenth
century; he also wrote, in its original form, the Nova Legenda
Angli<r commonly attributed to John Capgrave. See the Introduc-
tion to the edition of the last-named work issued by the Clarendon
Press in 1901, pp. Iv — Iviii, and ix — xi. That the fine copy of the
Historia Aurea now at Lambeth is presumably the one that belonged
to Durham Abbey is shown by the beginnings of the second leaves,
which are recorded in Catalogi Veteres, p. 56.
Tymensis episcopus}. Of Thmuis in Egypt ? Two persons of the same
name seem to be confounded here. See Dictionary 0/ Christian
Biography, under Serapion, 9, 10.
Ruspensis ecdesice episcopus], " The little town of Ruspe (or Ruspae), a
small sea-port on a projecting spur of the coast, not far from the
Syrtis Parva— lat. 350 1', long. E. ii° 1'." — Dictionary 0/ Christian
Biography.
Et ex vita efusdem]. The reference may be to a Life of St. Lata that has
been printed, from a York M.S., in Miscellanea Biogruphica (Surlees
Soc), 121, also in Raine's Hexham, I, 211. It is merely a compila-
tion from Bede.
Et ex Libro, etc.]. Symeon ; see above.
ingressum mulierum . . . interdixit]. See note on ch. XXII, p. 228.
ex vita efusdem]. The Life of Benedict Biscop in Bede's Historia Abbatum,
in his Opera Historica, ed. Plummer, I, 364 — 377.
Appendix IV, pp. 137 — 143.
Scriptura sub Jmaginibus Regum], In the case of these inscriptions under
figures of kings and bishops, as in that of inscriptions under figures
of saints referred to in the note on p. 292, it seems hardly likely that
the explanatory paragraphs appeared on Ihe screens in the church.
This list is quite different from those on pp. JO — 22 ; see note, p. 213,
legem Cuthberli], " Lex Cuthberti " was a term applied to any particular
law by which the men of the Bishopric were governed. For another
of these laws, see p. 138, paragraph 2, and there is one in Scr. Tres,
Appendix, No. ccexxxii. Symeon speaks of Athelstane's con-
firming " leges quoque et consuetudines ipsius Sancti quas Avus
ejus Rex Elfredus et Guthredus Rex instituerant," and of his
294 RITES OF DURHAM.
brother Edmund's confirming them again. — Reel. Dunelm., II, xviii.
" Sac, et Socne, Tol, et Team, Infangenthef," and " Wrecch," are
mentioned in the false charter of William I printed in the Feodarium,
p. lxviii. The other terms as here stated to have occurred in the
inscription are corrupt forms handed down to the time when the
inscription was made, and wrongly copied, perhaps again and again,
by persons to whom they were unfamiliar. Our sole authority for
ihem is the MS. of 1660. The Rev. Charles Plummer suggests a
possible reading something like this, " Mid fullum freodome, mid
wrece, mid wite & were" (fines and wergilds, or, perhaps, "mid
wrece & wite mid litware & inware," though he knows no authority
for this last word), "mid Sac et Socn." In any case, he says, the
original cannot be as early as the time of Edmund, and must be a
forgery.
Appendix V, pp. 144 — 147.
Libera /lira special is, 1510]. Not collated, as the Bursar's book from which
it was taken has not been found. One great point of interest about
this appendix is that it gives us a complete list of all the servants of
the monastery. For other references to Liveries, see Rolls, Index
under the word. Most of the descriptions explain themselves ; a
few may require explanation.
vtilcc/i}. Upper servants.
popinario\. Popinarius is properly a cook or victualler. In the Bursar's
Roll of 1510-11 we find " Et in uno magno vase vulgo a mele pro
Pompenar' d'ni, 6d."— Rolls, p. 661. In thai of 1511-12 Popinario
seems to correspond to valecto pron/ptnarii in that of 1536-7, lb., 703//.
The popinarius had a grow us popina? under him ; see p. 146.
calor']. A Cater ; now called a Caterer or provider. See Rolls, 902.
parvce domus Bursarii], This was a sort of store-room. See Rolls, Index.
cowper]. A couper ; one who buys and sells, barters or deals, as does a
" horse-couper."
barngreiff\. The "grave " or steward of one of the Abbey barns.
growi\. " Grooms " or inferior servants.
fyshake\. Not explained, unless it should b&fyshare, fisher.
sethar\. Seether or boiler. See Rolls, under Seether, the.
box'ler]. A bolter ; one who sifts meal.
bagman]. See Rolls, 551, 703 ; the Baghorse is frequently mentioned, see
Index to Rolls. Bagsaddle and Bagsaddletrees also occur. The
bagman doubtless went about with the baghorse, but what the bags
contained does not appear.
palesser]. The palicerus, or park-keeper, or rather, perhaps, the paling-
keeper. Sir Tho. Gaigrave, writing of the Old Park at Wakefield
in 1574, mentions "fees to the keeper and palester." — J. J. Cart-
wright, Chapters in Hist, of Yks., 1872, p. 74. Hence the surname
Pallister, or Palliser.
singyll clothe]. See below, "2 singill pece contin. iS uln. dowbill." The
meaning is not clear. Perhaps the " single " was of a certain
breadth and the "double " twice the breadth. A piece of " pannus
striclus " contained 1 1 '4 ells of " singill."
NOTES ON THE APPENDIX. 295
lailuini i\. Ol the lafomus or stone-cutter.
panni frenerosorum]. The Rolls contain many particulars of these and ol
cloths for the liveries of other officers and servants. See the Index
under Pannus, Panni, Cloth, Clothes, and the Introduction) pp. iii, v.
. . . preste\. Probably the priest who said mass at Magdalens and
Kimblesworth, and was also schoolmaster, p. 91.
sad\. Cloth of sober hue.
Appendix VI, pp. 148 — 158.
Indulgent i<c\. Dr. Raine's abstract is here printed as in the edition of
WS42 without a verbatim collation. But a few corrections have been
made from the original MSS. and seals. The explanation of
Indulgences now current is, that an Indulgence is " a remission ol
the punishment which is still due to sin after sacramental absolution,
this remission being valid in the court of conscience and before God,
and being made by an application of the treasure o( the Church on
the part of a lawful superior." — Amort, quoted in Addis and Arnold's
Catholic Dictionary, 1884, and in the N. E. D.
Galwathice], Ox Candida Casa, Whithern, or Galloway. — K. Keith,
Historical Catalogue of the Scottish Bishops, 1824, p. 271.
sumtna dierum cccc et xxxfo dies). That is, the lawful superiors " applied
the treasure of the church " to those who contributed to the fabric,
in such a way that 430 oi' the days of canonical penance due
according to the ancient discipline of the Church were relaxed or
"excused," so to speak, provided further that the required con-
ditions existed in each case, namely, to be in a state of grace, etc.
Theologians now carefully guard against the idea that indulgences
(as, e.g. for a year, or a month, or forty days) had reference to
periods of penance to be undergone in purgatory. But what ideas
were connected with them in the popular mind in the middle ages it
is perhaps impossible for us now to know.
Aitgustaldens.]. Of Hexham.
//. Elyens.\ Hugh Norwold, bishop of Ely 1229-1254.
Candida Caste], Of Whithern ov Galloway.
Brej'/ic/isis]. Of Brechin. — Keith, 151).
I\gduncnst's\. Probably for Enhegdunensis, </.v. infra.
Cataner.sis], Of Caithness. — Keith, 210.
Krgtidiensis\. Of Argyll. Keith, 286.
Alnecrumb\. Now Ancrum, on the river Alne ov Ale, in Roxburghshire.
The Bishops of Glasgow had a rural palace there.
Laudocensem], " Laodicensis " on the seal, i.e. of Laodicea.— Stubbs,
Reg. Sacr. AngL, 1 Si>j, p. 195.
G. Archiepiscopum]. Godfrey de Ludham, 1258 1265.
Kathhotcnsiiii]. Of Raphoe.- Stubbs, 205.
ArcAadiensem]. Probably oi the Orcades or Orkney. There was .1 Peter
bishop of Orkney in 1270 84.— Keith, 220.
Enhegdunensem\. Of Enaghdun, in Ireland. — Stubbs, 20!^.
296 RITES OF DURHAM.
Appendix VII, pp. 159 — 160.
The following1 are the present occupants of* the prebendal houses.
That of Stall 1. — C. Hodgson Fowler, Esq., Architect to the Dean and
Chapter. 2. — Dr. Tristram. 3. — Dr. Farrar. 4. — Dr. Kynaston. 5. —
House destroyed ; the Loft is the Librarian's room. 6. — Chapter Offices.
7. — Dr. Body. 8. — Choir School, etc. 9. — Destroyed. 10. — Archdeacon
o( Durham. 11. — Ralph Simey, Esq. 12. — Archdeacon of Northumber-
land.
No. 1. This house probably represents also the tailors' shop, called le
Sartre, or Sartrina ; there is still an old walled garden at the back of
it, and we find mention of a garden at the Sartry called Paradise ;
this garden had a wall round it. There was also a well.— Rolls, 167,
170, 180, 186.
Xo. 2. At the back of this house there still remains the west end of a
mediaeval building with two buttresses. The great kitchen fire-place
probably dates from the sixteenth century. On the south side are
some seventeenth-century windows, blocked up. " St. Leonard,"
p. 290, is in the principal staircase window.
No. 3. For the Guest-hall, see ch. xlvii and notes. In V. Bek's general
view of Durham (Bodl. Lib., Gough Maps, etc., 7) is shown, as
occupying the site of the guest-house, a lofty mansion with a long
row of dormer windows.
Xo. 4. The whole of the west side of this house up to the floor of the top
storey is ancient, and retains original buttresses, shafts of garde-
robes, etc.
No. 5. This house was partly constructed in the southern end of the great
dormitory, where some wall-paper purposely left on some of the
roof-timbers shows where the garrets were. Some part of the
adjoining dormitory retained its tiled floor, and served as an indoor
playground for children and for drying clothes. See ch. xliii and
notes.
No. 6. Some early walling remains in the basement.
No. 7. In the basement on the north side is an outer doorway with a
shouldered arch, and there is a similar doorway within, leading into
cellarage. There is a building at the back about 53 feet north and
south by 30 ft. east and west, in the eastern wall of which are
Decorated windows of two lights, and there are buttresses at the
south end. On the west side are responds connected with the
arches named in No. 9, which abutted on this wall. The arms and
initials seen in 1758 are not visible now, but the)' may be concealed.
" Sharp's MS." has not been identified.
No. 8. The walls of this house seem to be almost wholly original, and
there are buttresses on the north, east, and south sides. It joins
No. 7 on the West, and both houses have the same cellarage, with a
row of round columns.
Xo. i). 1 he destruction of this house has revealed some ancient arches,
etc. ; these have never been satisfactorily identified with any known
building.
NOTES ON THE APPENDIX. 297
No. 10. The west wall of this house is ancient up to a considerable height,
and is well seen from the path below, with its original buttresses,
latrine-shafts, etCt On the east side are some small sixteenth or
seventeenth century windows, near the grounds
No. 1 1. The old walled gardens and a fountain, probably Dr. Pickering's,
still remain at the back of the house. There is some walling of
uncertain date in the cellars. But on the west side is a building
about 130 feet north and south by 40 feet east and west, with early
walls and corner buttresses up to the top.
No. 12. This house presents no ancient features. It is said that the lion.
Anchilel Grey ( 1S09-1820) once requested a .Minor Canon not to remain
uncovered before him in the open air, but that the latter continued to
stand hat in hand, according to the then custom in the College.
The Minor Canon, however, was also Chaplain of the jail, then in
the old gateway at the lop of Saddler Street, where one day Mr.
Grey stood uncovered before him, saying, " I am within your
jurisdiction now, Sir."
Appendix YIII, pp. 161 — 168.
the person to whom, etc.] James Mickleton, of the Inner Temple, Esq.
R. Galc\. Doubtless Roger, son of Thomas Gale, the well-known scholar
anil antiquary, Dean of York 1697 1702. The Dean's sons Roger
and Samuel were both antiquaries.
a bishop that he do's name not\. Wood says in A thence O.von., II, 904
(ed. 1721): "The private Character given of this Book at its first
Publication, by a severe Calvinist and afterwards a Bishop, which
I have seen written under his own hand, runs thus, Liber hie," etc.,
as in text. Hearne gives the name of the bishop, thus, " Before the
Copy in ye Publick Library Bp. Barlow has put this Remark, Liber
hie," etc. — Collections, O. H. S., I, 95. The reference is no doubt to
Thomas Barlow, bishop of Lincoln 1675-91, who had been Bodley's
Librarian 1642 60. Another person who was afterwards a bishop,
namely White Kennell, bishop of Peterborough 1718-29, writing in
1693, calls " Rites" an "ignorant and pitiful Legend." — Life of Mr.
Somner, prefixed to Brome's edition of Somner on Roman Ports, etc.,
p. 21. Another antiquary who was afterwards a bishop, namely
William Nicolson, bishop of Carlisle 1702-18, shows a better
judgment in saying of the edition of Da\ ies, " Nor is this last
mention'd Piece such an ignorant and pitiful Legend, as a very
worthy Person has represented it ; since there's no where extant
SO lull ami exact an Account of the Slate of this Cathedral, at the
suppression of Monasteries. The Author seems to have been an
Eye-witness of all that pass'd at that time ; and his Descriptions of
such Matters as an1 still remaining, appear to be so nicely true, that
we have great Reason to credit him in the rest." — Nicolson, English
Historical Library, Pt. II, p. 130.
Hugo Derlington]. In 1264 he made " magnum campanile, organ. 1
grandiora." -Graystanes in Scr. Tres, 4b. For other notice-, of the
earlier organs, see Index to Rolls.
John Brimleis\. See note above, p. 231.
298 RITES OF DURHAM.
William Btvwn]. His name appears in extant Treasurers' books, 1577-
1604, bnl William Smylhe comes in 1594-98. He was a Petty
Canon, and organist 1588-98. See Rolls, 733 and note. Robert
Masterman appears in the books 1580-81 and 1588-89. These two
appear lo have acled for Brown and to have received the payment,
1 580-98.
Edward Smith]. In the books 1609-10. In 1612-13 the payment (£10) is
entered, but no name is given. Book 1611-12 might have named
William Smith the elder, and Dodson, but it is lost.
Richard Hutchinson]. In the books 1614 to 1636. The books 1637 to 1660
are lost, but it is hardly likely that any were kept, or that the
organist's place was filled up, from the death of Hutchinson in 1646
to the Restoration in 1661. Hutchinson enjoyed a high reputation as
an organist, " praeexcellens fuit Organista " (Mick. MS. 32, fo. 55^.),
but he was not always so well-conducted as might have been wished.
We find in the Chapter Acts that " In regard of Richard Hutchinsons
frequent hauling of Aile houses and diuers other his evill demeanors,
And especially for the breaking of the head of Toby Broking one of
the singing men of this Church wth a Candlesticke in An Ailehouse,
wounding him verie dangerously," he was reprimanded by the Dean
and warned to expect expulsion if he did not amend. — MS. Chapter
Acts, 1 Apr., 1628, fo. 66. On 7th Ma)' following, Henry Palmer was
appointed as his deputy for the tuition of the choristers, but he is
still to be ready by himself or his deputy to teach them to play on
the virginals or organs on certain days. And the Chapter pardon
him a certain debt of ^10, fo. 67. Leonard Calvert appeared as
Organist in the Treasurer's account of 1634, according to Randall's
MS., but the account book is not now to be found. Calvert was
probably put on as a deputy for Hutchinson.
John Forster]. In the books 1661 to 1677. " Choristas docuit in Claustris
Cath. Eccl. D."— Mick. MS. 32, fo. 552;.
Alexander S/iaw\. In the books as Organist 1678-80, with John Nichols
as Master of the Choristers for the same time.
William Grigg]. William Greggs appears in the books as Master of the
Choristers and Organist 1682- 17 10. " It was agreed by the Chapter
on 1st Dec, 1686, that Mr. Greggs the Orgjmist have leave for three
months to goe to London to improve himselfe in the Skill of
Musicke."— Acts of Chapter. " Choristas docet in Claustris predictis.
Qui Will's constitutus Magister Scholar pro piano Cantu, et arte
scribendi. Que quidem Schola pro prefato Magistro et Scholaribus
suis situata est super Viretum Palatii D. ibique edificata et fundata fuit
per Tho. [Langley 26] Ep'um D." — Mick. MS. 32, fo. $$v. On a plain
stone inserted in the south wall of the chancel of St. Mary's in the
South Bailey is the inscription, " Here Lieth ye Body of Mr William
Greggs Late Organist Of ye Cathedral Church at Durham who died
ye 15th day of October 1710 in ye 48 year of his Age was Son of Jo.
Greggs gent, of York & Sufferer for K. C. I." James Heselline,
aged 19 years, succeeded Greggs ; he died Jan. 28, 1763, and was
buried in the Galilee. Thomas Ebdon succeeded in July following,
and died " 23^ of Sept"", 1811, aged 73, having been, during 48 years,
NOTES ON THE APPENDIX. 299
Organist of tins Cathedral" (Mon. [nsc. to family, St. Oswald's
Churchyard). Charles Clarke was appointed November, 1811,
.nul wenl lo Worcester in 1814. William Henshaw was appointed
November, 1813, ami retired in January, 1863. The presenl
organist, Philip Armes, Mus.Doc. Oxon., and Professor of Music
in the University of Durham, was appointed in November, 1862. —
MS. Randall (>o, p. 7-', corrected from Treasurers' books and
Chapter Acts. The notes in the text from Brimley toGreggs appear
to be translated from the section " De Organistis " in Mick. MS. 32,
lo. 55W.
The third pair of Organs]. See above, ch, ix. One of the smaller organs
was given to Bishop Neile in 1622. " Graunted the right hono'able
the lord Bpp. of Duresine one of the lesser Organes in the Church
and he to make Choise of the said organe." — Chapter Order. The
bishop would seem to have chosen "the Cryers," for the White
Organs were played on in 1636 and the ease remained till 1650.
another great Organ was made]. Probably the one referred to in 1630 in
the articles objected against Cosin and others ; " you have built a
new payre of gorgius organes, which have cost at least 700//." —
Cosin's Corresp., I, 167. This organ, which is shown on the north side
of the choir in Hollar's view of the interior, was made by Robert
Dallam, the famous builder ; its " chair-organ " was removed to the
church of St. Michael-le-Belfrey, York, in 1687, Father Smith having
then built a new one for Durham. — Hopkins and Rimbaull, The
Organ, Lond., 1877, pp. 71, 81. In one of the letters referred to in
the note just below, on Father Smith, he says, "The littell cher
organ went to York . . . As for the grat organ, I will sell at anny
rate as it is, for to niak it a good organ will cost monnes."
//// r&fi]. It is stated a little below that they remained till 1650.
Dean Balean<juail\. The Dean fled with precipitation when the Scots
entered the Bishopric in 1640. Hence the local saying, " Runaway
Doctor Bokanki." — The Bishopric Garland, 74. But it was a little
hard on the Dean that he should become the subject of a popular
saying like that, when both In- and so many others were plundered,
sequestered, and obliged to By lor personal safety, the Cathedral
turned into barracks and wrecked, and the whole establishment
broken up until the Restoration in 1O00.
Bernard Smith], Or Schmidt, the celebrated organ-builder, born in
Germany about 1630, and commonly styled " Father Smith," to
distinguish him from two nephews, and in compliment to his abilities.
The organ which he made for Durham Cathedral was built under an
agreement with the Dean and Chapter dated August 18th, 1683
(Misc. Cart. 5990*). He was to receive £700 at three several
payments, anil lo lake Dallam's old organ. He was further to have
£50 for painting and gilding. He received £-33 6s. 8d. on the day
o\' the agreement, the same again September 21st, 1685. The
receipts for the third payment .nul for the extra £50 have not been
found. There are two very interesting letters from him, relating to
1 his business, in Surtees Soc. Miscellanea, 1861, i86m. This fine
instrument was an F organ, with quarter tones, and had nineteen
3oo
RITES OF DURHAM.
stops. The case, as it stood on the choir-screen made at the same
time, was a grand and stately work, surmounted by huge mitres and
the arms and supporters of Bishop Crewe, now at the Castle. The
pipes were richly decorated with scroll-work, cherubs, and heraldic
devices. In 1747 the organ was altered by Jordan, the inventor of
the swell, and was then provided with that adjunct. For the
heraldic devices on the pipes, see Proc. Soc. Ant., Apr. 16th, 1874, p.
177. On January 15th, 1748-9, it was "Agreed to have the Organ
New Painted, Silver'd & Lacker'd. And that Smales the lame
Boy be Imployed under the Direction of Mr. Taylor to do the Same,
Mr. Taylor undertakeing to gett all the Materials for the Workman-
ship at a Sume not exceeding Twenty pounds, and the Said Smales
Undertakeing to do the Work in a compleat manner for the further
Sume of Twenty pounds." — Chapter Act Book (MS.), p. 107. Some
of the armorial designs have been repainted in a very unskilful way,
and it may be that Smales's work was found to be unsatisfactory, and
the old decoration allowed to remain where it had not been meddled
with. It was long the custom to wash Father Smith's pipes with
strong ale once a year ; this gave them the appearance of having
been varnished. After having been repeatedly altered, and (in 1847)
removed to the arch in the quire where Bishop Lightfoot's tomb now
is, the old organ had become unserviceable in 1873; the present organ
by Willis was then provided, and set up on both sides of the quire.
the ancient Song Schools]. Previously the Sacristy or " Segresters Ex-
chequer" ; see above, pp. 18, 97.
yett to be seen]. Not now to be found.
an Addition 0/ the editor John Davies]. Davies gives the date 1639, but •*
is 1589 in the Roll, our earliest iiulhority, and in other MSS. and
editions.
collected in iS9j\- There is no reason to doubt that the whole work is of
this date.
given by Prior Fosser]. It does not appear on what authority, beyond that
of its inscription, founded, perhaps, on an earlier one, this statement
is made. The bell is not mentioned among Prior Fossor's many
benefactions recorded in Scr. Tres and Appendix thereto.
Febr. 1631-2], There is a Chapter Order of this date for the bells to be
cast by Humfrey Keyne. He belonged to a firm at Woodstock.
— A. H. Cocks, Church Bells of Bucks., 165.
built by Bp. Skirlaw]. It was the lantern at York, not that at Durham,
which was in great part built by Bishop Skirlaw. — Scr. Tres, 144.
Hugh Derlington]. It was a much earlier campanile that was made by this
Prior. See note above, p. 297. The present lantern was built c. 1470,
and the belfry stage c. 1490.
D>- Spark], See above, p. 224.
v. p. 67, 68']. I.e. of Daviess edition.
came out of Lancashire]. Robert Oldfield may have been doing work in
Lancashire previous to his coming to Durham, but he was doubtless
the Robert Oldfield connected with the family of founders of the
same name at Nottingham. See T. North's Church Bells of Beds., 70.
NOTES ON THE APPENDIX. 301
St. Afnrgareftcs bell\. The hells were all recast in 1693, and the inscriptions
of dial date arc given in Hutchinson's Durham, II, 2 38//.
Unguis Griffbnica], Now in the British Museum (not at Kensington). It is
the horn of an ibex, 3 ft. 11 in. long, and S'j in. round the base, on
which is a silver band with the inscription ►!< GRYPH1 vngvis divo
CVTHBBRTO DVNBLMBNS1 SACER. This band, which seems to have
been made in the sixteenth century, probably replaces an earlier
one. — Proc. S. A. Loud., Feb. 22, 1883. Among the treasures in
charge of the Ferctrar were " duo ungues griffonis." — Rolls, 426 ;
see above, p. 276.
buried il at the foot of the Stairs]. This is one version of "the secular
tradition," which led to a thorough exploration being made in 1867,
when nothing was found. On the traditions, see Arcluvologia, LVII,
17 — 19, and above, p. 285, last note.
Appendix IX, pp. 169 — 170.
very probably his Effigie], Nothing of the kind. It is the effigy of a woman,
and the "purse" in her hand is perhaps a glove (Raine, Brief
Account, 64//. ). It is more likely that it is a part of her dress. On the
legend of Hobb of Pelaw, see Mctr. Life of St. Cutliberl, Intr. xii.
Bishop Philip "extra septa ecclesiae in loco non consecrato a laicis
sepultus est." — Scr. Tres, 26.
Appendix X, p. 171.
/ paxbrcde]. See above, p. 200.
Appendix XI, pp. 172 — 191.
albis paratis]. With appareled albes. "Alba parata, alba phrygio opere
intexta ; brodee ; ol. paree." — D'Arnis.
cum psahnis /a/uiliaribus]. With the usual psalms ?
in /ine libri]. At the end of this Durham missal. See above, p. 179 ;
MS. ff. 486^, 487.
in ordinali]. " Ordinale, i.e. Librum, in quo ordinatur modus dicendi et
solemnizandi Officium Divinum." — Lyndwood, Provinciale, Lib. Ill,
Tit. 27, Ut Parochiani. " Ordinale Sarvm, sive Directorium Sacer-
dotum (Liber, quern Pica Sarum vulgo vocitat clerusi" has been
reprinted by the H. Bradshaw Society in two volumes, 1901, 1902.
incenset cereum\. The Paschal candle. " Hie accendatur cereus de novo
igne, nee extinguatur usque post Completorium diei sequentis. Et
ardebit cereus Paschalis continue per hebdomadam Paschalem ad
.Matutinas et ad .Missam et ad Yesperas. Similiter tiat in Octavis
Paschae," etc. — Sarum Missal, Burntisland, 1861-83, l"°'- 34Jt«
NOTH ON THE SUNDAY PROCESSION.
By W. H. St. John Hope, M.A.
Tlie Sunday procession took place before high mass after the benedictio
aqucE, and consisted in visiting and sprinkling with holy water all the
altars in the church, and the various building's grouped round the cloister,
concluding with a " station " before the great rood in the nave.
During the procession, in which the whole convent took part, an
anthem was sung, and at the station before the rood the bidding prayer
was said, followed by the Lord's Prayer, etc. and prayers for the dead.
The procession then passed on to the quire, singing a respond the while ;
and the whole was concluded with a collect said in quire.
We have no information how the Sunday procession was done at
Durham, but the minute directions in the Salisbury processiounle and the
Cistercian consuetitdines help us to understand what was the usual practice.
The route here suggested can therefore only be regarded as a possible one.
For the blessing of the water, a procession had already entered and
taken its place before the high altar, consisting of the priest for the week,
with the gospeller and epistoler, the censer and the two taperers, and an
acolyte bearing the cross, together with two boys, one carrying salt and
the water to be hallowed, the other the book for the priest to read from.
The monks and novices occupied their places in quire.
After the blessing of the water, which was done in the presbytery
before the altar-steps, the priest went up to the altar and sprinkled it. He
then passed through the north door of the "French Peere " into St.
Cuthbert's Feretory, and, after sprinkling the little altar at the head of the
shrine, returned into the presbytery through the south door. In descending
the altar steps the priest sprinkled the ministers and others who had
entered with him, beginning with the cross-bearer ; then coming down to
the quire step he sprinkled the convent. During the giving of the holy
water, an anthem was sung by the monks.
The procession then went out in the appointed order with the priest
attended by the ministers in front, followed by the novices and monks,
through the north quire door, and turned westward down the aisle into the
north transept. Here the three altars were sprinkled,' beginning with that
of SS. Nicholas and Giles on the north, then that of St. Gregory, and lastly
St. Benedict's altar. The procession then returned up the aisle, passing
(i) beneath the porch at its west end, (ii) the altar of St. Blaise at Bishop
Skirlaw's tomb, and (iii) under the Anchoridge on the north of St. Cuth-
bert's shrine. That St. Blaise's altar was duly sprinkled there can be no
question, but whether the priest mounted to the two little altars up aloft is
uncertain. Descending the steps into the Nine Altars, the procession
1 It is open to question whether these altars were visited at the beginning or the end of
the procession. I am inclined to think they would be visited first, seeing what ample space
there is in the transept for the procession to turn round.
NOTE ON THE SUNDAY PROCESSION. 303
visited each of the altars in turn, and finally turned westward again under
iIh> Black Rood of Scotland, down the south aisle, by Bishop Hatfield's
altar, which was sprinkled in passing (perhaps the priest included also
the vestry altar in passing), and so on to the south transept. Here the
three altars of Our Lady of Houghal, Our Lady of Bolton, and SS. Faith
and Thomas were duly sprinkled, and then the procession continued
westward into the south aisle of the nave and passed out into the cloister
through the eastern door. It traversed in turn tin- east, south, and wesl
alleys of the cloister, the priest sprinkling on his way the entries of (i) the
parlour, (ii) chapter house, (iii) prior's lodging, (iv) frater, (v) common house,
anil perhaps (vi) the passage to the farmery, and lastly (vii) the dorter.
The procession then re-entered the church by the western cloister door,
and turning to the left between the sanctuary grate and tin- altar of the
Bound Rood, passed into the Galilee, the last place visited before
returning. Here the shrine and altar of tin- Venerable Bede, the altar of
Our Lady in the middle, and that of Our Lady of Pity were visited in turn ;
and perhaps a short station made before the principal altar.1 The
procession, now returning1, left the Galilee by its north-east doorway,
traversed the aisle past the altar of the Saviour on the left hand and that
of Our Lady of Pity on the right, and then turned into the nave.- Here the
station was made before the great Rood above the Jesus Altar, the
convent standing in files on either side with the ministers in a row down
the middle. The stones marking the places of this station remained at
York, Lincoln, and Wells, until displaced by eighteenth-century repavings,
and they still exist under the turf in the nave of Fountains Abbey.3 Before
the station was ended, the priest sprinkled the Jesus Altar and that in the
Neville Chapel. When the procession was continued, it passed straight on
through the doorways right and left of the Jesus Altar, " called the two
roode dores, for the Prosession to goe furth and eomme in at," and
uniting under the crossing,4 re-entered the quire by its western door, when
every member of the convent took his own place again.
It will be seen from the plan that if the above be the way in which the
Sunday procession was actually carried out at Durham, every altar would
be visited in turn, and the whole of the church and cloister was traversed.
The places of the various doorwavs and screens are also fully accounted
for.
1 Sec note on Galilee, p. 229.
- It is, of course, quite as likely that after leaving the Galilee tin- procession turned i>> the
right ami passed up the nave between the altars of the Bound Rood and Our Lad] of Pity,
which would then he respectively sprinkled.
3 See plan in Hope's paper in Yks. Arcfueol. JruL, vol. XV, p. 402 ; and his note, ib.,
p. 308. At Canterbury there were two parallel lines cut in the pavement for the same
purpose. References given are. Drakes Eboracum, 1736, pp. 493. 51c) ; Camden's Britannia,
ed. K. Cough, 1789. ii, pi. viii, p. 256, and second edition, 1806, ii, pi. \i, p. ;t>S ; an un-
published plan ot Wells Cathedral made tor the Society of Antujuaries by John Carter in
1799 : Costliny s li'alk in Canterbury* second edition, 1777, p. 203.
* If the three north transept altars were not sprinkled until the end of the procession.
the} would Ik- visited at this point of the proceedings before the convent reentered the quire.
BOOKS MENTIONED IN THE TEXT OF RITES.
The history of the Church at large, 4, 57, 58, 106, 244, 288.
The antient history (Scriptores /res P), 7, 45, 198, 233.
A maruelous faire booke which had the Epistles and Gospells in it . . .
wch booke did serue for the pax in the masse, 8, 200.
An excellent fine booke uerye richly couered with gold and siluer con-
teininge the names of all the benefactors towards St. Cuthbert's
church (the Liber Vitce), 16, 208.
Another famous booke : as yett extant conteining the reliques Jewels
ornaments and uestments that were giuen to the church, 17, 208.
Ye recordes of ye Church of Durham, 21.
My ould booke, 21.
Ould written Docters and other histories and ecclesiasticall writers, 31, 220.
Dyuers bookes written of ye lyffe & miracles of that holy confessor Cuth-
bert partlie written by the Irishe, partly by english men, and partlie
by scottishe men, 35.
Beede . . . his booke wch he wrote of ye liffe and miracles of St Cuth : 35.
Of the cummyng of St Cuth : into Scotland, ■$$, 223.
The actes of ye B., 43, 228.
The discription of ye staite of ye church of Durhm, 46, 234.
Ye Historie of ye monasticall Church, 49, 236.
Ye historie of St Bede, 50.
My other booke, 54.
Certain old written bookes of records of Evidence of the Monasticall house
of Durham, 78.
A Copie of the foundation of the hospitall of Greatham, 78, 256.
Books in almeries over against the Carrells, antient Manuscripts, old
auncyent written Docters of the Church, prophane authors, dyuerse
holie mens wourkes, 83, 263.
INDEX,
WITH WHICH ARK INCORPORATED A GLOSSARY AND A
FEW ADDITION'S AND CORRECTIONS.
All words printed in bold-faced type are explained here or in the Notes,
pp. 193—301. Numbers marked by an asterisk mean that there are two or
more references on the same page.
" Abbey," use oi' term, 246.
Abbev, west gateway oi\ 221.
Abbey church, held to be one o( the
richest in England, 106.
Abbey church door, 107.
Abbey garth, or yard, 62, 89, 105,
24b, 2SS.
Abbey gates, 91*, 100, 105, 273 ; the
principal gateway, leading from
the Bailey.
Abbey Dore, perpent walls at, 195.
Abbeys, six, founded and repaired
by St. Ethelwold, 130 ; nine,
founded by Thurstan, 128.
Abbot, 275'.
Abbot's Maundy, 256, 257.
Abbots, names of, 133.
Abel, bishop of St. Andrews, 148,
Aberdeen, Register of, 341, 345.
Aberdeen, Old, church of St.
Machar in, 343.
Abingdon, abbot of, 130 ; account
Rolls of, 196, 202, 246; charnel at,
246; cressets at, 196; great O
pittance at, 270 ; monastery of,
130 ; nigra crux at, 216.
Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob referred
to, 123.
Abrincensis (misprinted Abricensis),
Joannes (of Avranches), 233.
Absolon, 233 ; Prior, 233.
Absolution on Ash Wednesday, 177 ;
on Maundy Thursday, 185.
Aii omits made to bursar, 99.
Acolyte, 302.
Acta SS. Bollandiana, 237, 239,
250 ; Ord. Bened., 234.
Acts of the Bishops, 43, 22S, 304.
Adamnan, St., 133; his Life oi St.
Columba, 249.
Adams, Dr. Fitzhei bei t, 160.
Adda, 133.
20
Addis and Arnold, Catholic Diction-
ary, 268, 295.
Adrianus, S., 134, 135.
Adrianus IV, pope, 123, 344.
Advent, 276.
Advent anthems, 283.
Aelred of Rievaulx, 215.
.rEthelwulf (Eldulfus), king, 136.
Afternoon studies, 83.
Against, in preparation for, 101.
Agalia (near Toledo), 128.
Agatha's, St., (Easby), frater pulpit
at, 260 ; misericorde at, 268 ; rere-
dorter at, 266.
Agnus Dei, m, 113*, 120.
Aidan, St., 54, 67, 72, 129, 131 ; acts
of, 141 ; altar oi, 121, 292 ; head
of, 288 ; head and bones of, 142 ;
image of, 106, 288 ; life of, 132,
141 ; represented in glass, 48, 116,
118, 121 ; set over both bishop's
see and the congregation of
monks, 132, 141 ; soul of, seen by
St. Cuthbert carried to heaven by
angels, 133, 142 ; see Cuthbert.
Aire, river, 341.
Alabaster, imager\' in, 6, 7, 19S ;
table of, 40, 225 ; worked at Not-
tingham, 223.
Alabaster box, 112; effigy of bishop
Hatfield, 19, 211.
Alan, bishop of Argyll, 132*.
Albae paratae, 170, 1S3, 187,301.
Albans, St., visiting cemetery at,
2(H).
Albes, 57, 98, 118, 171, 172, 179,
189, 221 ; see Alba;.
Albums, B. F., 233.
Albinus, bishop oi Brechin, 131, 133.
Albinus, S., 133, 134.
Alchfrith, see Alfred.
Alcuill Club Traits, 199, 201, 205,
221.
^o6
INDEX.
Alcuinus, B. F., 255.
Aldelmus, S., 130.
Aldhune, bishop, 54, 55, 74, 131, 143,
240, 242, 254 ; acts of, 143 ; his
church, 67, 72, 73, 250, 251 ; do.,
all now gone, 250 ; do., had a
succession of six bishops in it, 72 ;
do., and the White church, 249 ;
250 ; see More kirk ; his coming,
67, 249 ; his death, 67, 72, 249 ;
his flight with the body of St.
Cuthbert, 65 ; hallows the More
kirk, 67, 72, 249 ; hastens the
finishing of his church, 71 ; ordains
the see to be in Durham, 67,
72, 249 ; represented in glass,
48 ; said to have made a Dun Cow,
74. 254-
Aldin Grange, 214.
Aldred, glossator, 248.
Aldunus, Aldwinus, see Aldhune.
Ale or Alne, river, 295.
Ale, organ pipes washed with, 300.
Ale and cakes, 89.
Aledravver (gromus), 146.
Alehouses, 298.
Alexander, king of Scots, 21 ; named
thrice, 20.
Alexandria, J26.
Alford near London, 243.
Alfred the Great, 42, 50, 131, 137,
138, 142, 227, 236, 293.
Allan, George, xii, xiii ; his Collec-
tion of tracts, 209, 240, 253, 286 ;
Durham and its environs, 255, 264.
Allerton, North, Hospital of, 73,
253 ; see Alverton.
Alley, 3, 31, etc., a walk or passage
in a church. There is a mixture
of the senses of Alley, from Old
Fr. alee, connected with aller,
to go or walk, and Aisle, from Old
Fr. ele, from Lat. a/a, wing. A
church may have a middle
alley, and an alley in each aisle,
but to call the nave " the middle
aisle " is wrong.
Alley, 75, 78, 83* ; a side of the
cloisters.
Alley, cross, of Lantern, 20, 212 ;
the east, of the Cloisters, 169.
Alley, lantern, the cross alley in the
midst of the church, 37 ; north, of
body of church, 37-40, 109 ; do.,
of lantern, 22, 29, 1 1 1 ; do., of
quire, 17, 18*, 22, 115, 164; do.,
of do., porch in, 208 ; south, of
body of church, 40, no; do., of
lantern, 30, 113, 218; do., of
quire, 18, 19*, 25, 1 16.
Alley, bowling, 88, 270.
Alley end, 3, 196.
Alleys, in Nine Altars, 2, 194, 196.
Almeries, 5, 13, 304 ; aumbries,
lockers, Lat. almarium, same as
armarium ; see Ambry.
Almery, 91*, 92 ; the almonry or
" aumerev," called " Almerv or
Loft."
Almery, children of, cleaned the
Paschal, 17, 209 ; had their meat
from the novices' table, 91, 92,
274 ; at the monks' Maundy, 257 ;
read the psalter by the dead, 52*,
238 ; their refectory, 159 ; were
taught and maintained, 91*, 273.
Almesse, Almose, 91 ; alms.
Almoner, 146, 264, 275 ; see Ele-
mosinarius.
Alms, monastic, question con-
cerning, 273.
Almsbox in Galilee, 233.
Alnecrumb, 153, 295.
Alphege, S., archbishop of Canter-
bury (Elphegus), 127.
Alquinus, S. , 134.
Altar, carpet before, 172, 175, 180 ;
of Anchorage, 17, 302 ; of Bound
Rood, 41, 226, 303, 303;?. ; at
bishop Hatfield's tomb, 19, 211,
303 ; the high, or great, 7, 8, 9,
12, 13, 14, 17, 22, 73*, 98, 150, 187,
279, 280 ; book chained to, 208 ;
dedications of, 199 ; of Holy
Rood (Scae. Crucis), 155*, 156,
226 ; of Our Lady, 43, 44*, 194,
230, 232, 303 ; of Our Lady of
Bolton, 30, 31*, 113, 219, 290, 303 ;
of Our Lady of Houghal, 30, 113,
219, 290, 303 ; of Our Lady of
Pity in the north alley of the nave,
38*, 39, 41, 223, 224, 226, 303 ; of
Our Lady of Pity in the Galilee,
44, 233*, 235, 303, 303«. ; of Jesus,
32, 34. 37*. 4°- io4. !98> 212, 221,
244, 303 ; the Nevilles', 40*, 303 ;
peculiar, in Revestry, 19, 212, 303 ;
of St. Aidan (and St. Helen), 2,
58, 121, 244, 292 ; St. Andrew and
St. Mary Magdalene, 1, 120, 154,
193 ; St. Bede in Galilee, 44, 46,
235, 303 ; St. Bede (SS. Cuthbert
and Bede) in Nine Altars, 2 ; St.
Benedict, 18, 22, 23, 112, 210, 302 ;
St. Blaise, 18, 302 ; St. Cuthbert,
210 ; St. Cuthbert and St. Bede,
1, 2, 118, 119, 120 ; St. Fides, 113 ;
St. Fides and St. Thomas, 31,
303 ; St. Giles, 112 ; St. Gregory,
23, 112, 302; St. Jerome and St.
Benedict, 124* ; St. John Baptist
and St. Margaret, 1, 120, 154, 193 ;
INDEX.
307
do., inventory of, 171 ; St. Martin,
2; St. Man iii ami St. Edmund,
120; St. Michael, 2, 122, 103 ; St.
Nicholas and St. Giles, 20, 302 ;
St. Oswald and St. Laurence, 1,
1 19 ; St. Peter and St. Paul, 2,
121 ; St. Saviour, 38, 224, 303;
St. Thomas of Canterbury and St.
[Catherine, 1, 119 ; little, at end of
Shrine of St. Cuthbert, 4, 197,
302 ; Skirlawe's, t8, 302.
Altars, five, dedicated, 151, 152, 153,
193 ; in Galilee, perhaps moved,
233 ; keys of, locked up, 98 ; the
Nine, 16 ; in sacristies, 212 ;
sprinkling' of, 302, 303 ; stripping
and washing of, 253 ; three, in
north transept, 23, 1 12, 302,
303;/. ; three, in south transept,
113; two, dedicated, 154 ; visited
in procession, 302, 303 ; used for
laving out vestments, 212.
Altar-bread, 171, 279; making of,
27S.
Altar-cloths, 171*; steps, 302; stone,
remains of, 38, 224.
Aluredus Rex, see Alfred.
Alverton (Northallerton), church of,
138 ; mora de, 12S.
Alvertonshire, 138, 141.
Amalarius de Div. Off., 255.
Amanchoridge, 17, 208.
Amandus, S., 132.
Ambrose, St., 16, 112, 120.
Ambry, an aumbry, almery, amber,
amrye, i.e. a cupboard, or locker,
either fixed against a wall, or in a
recess, sometimes standing free.
Lat. armarium, originally a place
for tools (arma) ; having divers
ambries within it, 81 ; long, for
crosier or cross, 193 ; where keys
were kept, 9S ; for towels, 79, 82,
257, 262* ; within north quire
door, 279.
Ambries, of all the altars, 9S ; for
books, 83, 260, 262, 264, 304 ; in
frater, 80, 81, 258* ; in Galilee,
44, 193, 232 ; by Jesus Altar, 32 ;
in Nine Altars, 1, 2, 5, 193, 197 ;
opened for visitors, 5 ; by shrine
of St. Cuthbert, 13, 205 ; in
treasury, 263.
Amherst, A., on gardening, 289.
Amice, 221.
Ammonius, S., 134.
Amort, on Indulgences) 295.
Analogium, 1 7 < > ; the desk for the
Hook of the Gospels.
Anasialii, S., abbas, 123.
Anastatius, S., abbey of, 125. Now
" Abbadia delle tre Fontane," in
Ihe outskirts of Rome, a Cister-
cian monastery whose first abbot
became Pope Eugenius III, in
1 ' 45-
Anastatius IV, pope (miscalled
" Athanasius "), 43, 229.
Ancestors, images of, 15.
Anchorage, 17, 208, 302.
Anchorite, 248.
Ancient history, the, 7, 198, 45, 233.
Ancient Memorial, 23.
Ancients, 6, 25, 95*, 198, 216.
Ancrum, 295.
Andegava (Angers), 132, 133.
Andrew, bishop of Argyll, 156.
Andrew, St,, 116, 117, 120.
Andrew, St., chapel of, on Elvet
Bridge, 253.
Andrews, St., archbishops of; see
Abel, Lamberton, Landal, Turgot.
Angels, 15, 112, 113, 114*, 121*,
122* ; bearing arms of noblemen
on breasts, 121 ; carrying St.
Aidan's soul, 121 ; censing, 116;
figures of, in Rood group, 221 ;
helping St. Katherine, 1 19 ; hold-
ing shields, 120; Orders of, 32,
122, 220, 292 ; receiving blood and
water, 1 14.
Angers (Andegava), 132, 133.
Angle, 1, 31, 40, 46, 58, 83, 225, 229.
"An outlying spot or 'corner,'
without reference to shape. "
— N.E.D. under Angle, 4.
Anglia Sacra, 230.
Anglo-Saxon poem, 197.
Anima (skull) of St. Oswald, 49,
236.
Anne, St., 111, 115.
Annunciation, represented in glass,
47. 122.
Anselm, St., 127.
Anthem, Anglican, origin of, 268.
Antick work, 10 ; grotesque, fantas-
tic work.
Antioch, 126.
Antiochia (Mvgdoniae, in Mesopo-
tamia), 132.
Antiquaries, Society of, 303N.
Anti-types, 196.
Antony, St., 134.
Anvil base, 246.
Apostles, images of on brasses, 2,
l5> 29, 30; four, 122 ; twelve,
represented on St. Cuthbert's
coffin, 285 ; on stone screen, 33.
Apostolic Constitutions, 200.
Apparel, found lor themselves by
monks, 97.
3o8
INDEX.
Appendix, 109-191 ; notes on, 289- 1
301.
Apprentice carver, 146 ; mason, 146.
Arbipellis, 242, 243.
Arbre de Meistre, 335.
Archadiensis, 154, 295.
Archasologia, xxi, 196, 200, 212, 220,
225, 226, 236, 241, 258, 261*, 270*,
2S3, 285*, 286*, 301; 341.
Archaeologia .^Eliana, 215, 253.
Archaeological Association Journal,
195-
Archaeological Institute Journal,
213, 239, 246, 266*, 277,323.
Archangels, 122* ; on St. Cuthbert's
coffin, 285 ; by Mary and John,
34, 221 ; names written on wing's
of, 122.
Archbishops, names of, 126.
Archdeacon, 188*, 210; prior Turgot
made, 67, 72,
Archer, Gabr., x ; Joh., x.
Arches in prebendal house, 296 ;
under steeple, 92.
Archibald, bishop of Moray, 154.
Ardbraccan, 254.
Argyll (Ergadiensis), bishops of, see
Alan, Andrew.
Aringhi, Roma Subterranea, 315.
Aries, 127*.
Armagh, archbishops, see Malachi.
Armes, Dr. Philip, 299.
Arms attributed to Saints, 116, 290 ;
on bells, 166*, 167* ; of bishops
and others in cloisters, 77, 254,
255 ; certain, 119 ; of the church,
166*, 167 ; divers, 121* ; of Our
Lady, 170; in little panes, 121.
Arras, in Belgium, 269.
Arsenius, S., 134.
Artificers, monastic, 275.
Arundel MS., 272.
Arundell Stairs, 161.
Arvernia (Auvergne), 133.
Ascension Day, 13, 95 ; procession
on, 105, 106 ; Wednesday after,
10 ; ceremonial of, 175-179.
Ashes, blessing of, 177 ; on heads
of penitents, 178*.
Ashe, Oliver, 231.
Ashlar work, 288.
Aspersion, 172, 174, 179, 181, 182,
186.
Asser ad pacem, 200.
Assimilated work, 252.
Assumption, feast of, 7 ; represen-
tation of, 47.
Asterisks, use of, xxi.
Atchley, Culhbert, 220.
Athanasius, St., 126.
" Athanasius " (Anastatius IV),
pope, 43, 229.
Athelstan (Ethelstanus), king, 20,
21, 137*. 293-
Atkinson, Cleveland Glossary, 249.
Attic story, 159.
Auckland, 141, 152.
Auckland, John, Prior, 34, 54, 222.
Audley, Alice de, 244.
Audomarus, S., 130.
Augustaldensis, 149, 295.
Augustine, St., 16, 120, 124.
Augustinus (Cantuar.), S., 126, 12S.
Aulae gromus, 146.
Aumbrye, see Ambry.
Aumerey, 91, 273; the almonry or
" alniery."
Aungier, G. J., Hist, of Syon, 287.
Aurelia (Orleans), 130.
Ausbertus, S., 128.
Austerity of monks, 101, 283.
Austregesilus, S., 128.
Autisiodorum (Auxerre), 129.
Autun (Augustodunum, in the dis-
trict of the JEdu\), 133.
Auvergne (Arvernia), 133.
Auxerre (Autisiodorum), 129.
Bachelors styled " Ds.," 284.
B., J., xii, xiii.
Back house, 39, the bake-house.
Bacstanford, 252.
Baddely, Rd., 159.
Baeda, see Bede.
Baghorse, 294.
Bagman, 146, 294.
Bagsaddle, 294.
Bagsaddletrees, 294.
Bagshaw, Dr. H., 160.
Bailey, the ballium or part of Dur-
ham lying between the abbey wall
and the outer wall ; Mrs. Whitting-
ham's house in, 61, 246 ; the
North, 163, 246, 273, 287, 288 ;
the South, 105*, 273, 288.
Bailie of the town, 107.
Baiocas (Bayeux), 133.
Baites, George, see Bates.
Bakehouse, men of, 39.
Baker, Tho., xiv.
Baker (pislor), 145.
Baking irons, 338.
Balcanquall, Dean, 163, 299.
Baldred of Rievaulx, 215.
Baley, 107, probably the bishop's
bailiff, who would preside over
the citizens until they were incor-
porated under an alderman and
twelve burgesses in 1565. The
constitution was changed to that
INDKX.
309
of a mayor and twelve aldermen
in 1602.
Baley, South, see Bailey.
Ball and cross in hand of St. Oswald,
Ballivus de Billingham, 14s ; de
Shells, 145.
Balmerino, Records of, 197.
Bamburgh, 141).
Banner of St. Cuthbert, described,
2b, i)4, i)5 ; of king of Scots, 95*,
Banners, b, 25 ; defaced, 7 ; of
occupations, 107, 108*, 288.
Banner cloth, corporax used as, 23.
Banner-staff, 96, 277.
Banquet, a solemn, 89, 270.
Baptistery, lavatory so called, 261.
Bar, Count of, 228.
Barbara, St., 1 17.
Barbara, de S., bishop, 55, 240, 241.
Barber, 145; bed of dead man due to,
52, 53 ; his duties and perquisites
at a death, 51, 52, 53, 237.
Bardnay, 125; Bardney in Lincoln-
shire.
Barefoot pilgrimage, 137.
Baring-Gould, Lives of Saints, 234.
Barlaam, 125, 292.
Barlow, Tho., bishop of Lincoln, 297.
Barnabas, St., 285.
Barnabe Googe, 287.
Barnard, Pet., 144.
Barnard Castle, Richard of, 45, 234.
Barnes, Mr. Jo., 61.
Barngreiff, 145, 294.
Barrington, Lord, 160.
Barry, a chamber, 281.
Bartholomeus (Lugd. Archiep.), 12S.
Bartholomew, St., 117.
Bartle, Tho.. 165, 166*.
Barwick, Dean, 164.
Base of column cut awav for altar,
226 ; cut away for holy-water
stone, 22 3 ; cut off for a " porch,"
224 ; moulded, of" holy-water
stone, 224, 22b.
Basil, S., 126.
Basin or Bason, with light before
the Sacrament, 14 ; for Maundy,
78.
Basons, 9, 10, 13, 14, 200, 201, 202,
206; of latten, within the silver
tines, 14 ; and ewers of latten,
81*.
Basset, arms of, 255.
Bates, Geo., xiv, 78, 94*.
Bath, bishops, see Burnell.
Batmanson, Ric, 146.
Battenball, 261.
Battle, Si. Cuthbert's banner taken
tO, 26, 1)5, 2 l6.
Battle of Durham, <>, [98 ; of the
Standard, 1 28, 293.
Baudekin, red, 211.
Bauderick and busk-board, 27';.
Bayeux 1 Baiocae ), 1 33.
Bayle, lien., 14b.
Baytes, George, see Bates.
Beans, 281.
Beare, 65, bier, feretory.
Bearpark, 29, 145, 14b, 214', 218",
239-
Beating the bounds, 2S7.
Beauchamp, arms of, 255.
Beaulieu, frater pulpit at, 2bo.
Beaumont, Lewis, bishop, 14, 59,
206, 243, 245 ; brass of", 320 ; ib. ,
verses oi\, 15, 207*.
Beaurepaire, see Bearpark.
Bee, 127.
Beck, Anton)', bishop, 2, 72, 156,
243, 244 ; first bishop buried
within the church, 58 ; tombstone
of, 194.
Bedding, 97.
Bede or Ba?da, the Ven. or St., 109,
114, 117, 118*, 129, 134, 149, 169,
24.7", 270 ; altar, relics, shrine,
and tomb of, 44, 45, 46, 225, 233,
235, 286 ; bell of, 165, 166* ; bones
of, interred where his shrine had
been, 103, 286 ; compilation from,
293 ; epitaph on, 46, 235 ; exposi-
tions from, 208 ; a famed book-
man, 234 ; his Historia Abbatum,
20,3 ; his Historia Ecclesiastica or
De Gestis Anglorum, 50, 126, 128,
'3'*. »32i '33*i '36*. '30. 228,
236*, 282, 304 ; Historical Works
of, ed. Smith, ibo, 11)7, 27b; history
and legends concerning title of,
234; Homilies of, 234 ; inscription
on later tomb of, 235; narrative
based on, 250 ; notice of, 136 ; his
Opera Historica, 293; picture of",
in glass, 48 ; " picture " of, in a
mazer, 80 ; relics of, 13b ; shrine
of, 96, 103, 141, 154, 197, 277, 286;
do., Camden's story about, 235 ;
do., carried in processions, 105,
106 ; do., defaced, 103, 286 ; do.,
marble stones from, 103, 286, 287 ;
tributes to, 235 ; his Vita S.
Benedicti Biscop, [35, 2t)j, ; his
Vita S. Cuthberti, 35, 48, 140, 223,
236, 2QO, 292, 304 ; works of, 13b.
Bede s Howl, 80.
Bedfordshire stone, 198.
Bedlington bought by bishop Cut-
heard, 143.
;io
IMDEX.
Beef, 99 ; and salt fish, steeped in
holy-water stones, 61.
Bees, the work of, 173, 174.
Beheading- of martyrs, 119, 120*,
121.
Bek, V., 296.
Belfry, the Galilee, 38, 39, 166 ;
the great, 39, 165, 166.
Bell for Chapter Mass, 98 ; chipping
of a, 165; a gilden, in frater, 82,
260 ; of laver, 82, 262 ; little,
silver gilt, 171 ; long narrow one,
165*, 166; one, on Ash Wednes-
day, 175 ; for the Salve, 86 ; for
Terce, 179.
Bells, 22, 39, 40, 165-167, 224 ; of
St. Cuthbert's banner, 26*, 216 ;
all rung on Easter Even, 191 ;
eight, 93 ; inscriptions on, 166,
167 ; mending of, 98 ; recast, 165,
166, 167 ; ringing of, 52 ; silver,
on ropes of shrine-cover, 4.
Bell-ringers, 38*.
Bell-ringing ceased at the Sup-
pression, 39.
Bell-strings, 98.
Bell, Prior, 213, 283.
Bellett, his translation of Pelliccia,
202.
Bellus Locus, 157, a manor in
Westmoreland belonging to the
bishops of Carlisle.
Bench, stone, in frater, 80, 257 ;
do., for Maundy, 79*, 257.
Benedict, St., 112, 124*; bell of,
167; Order of, 67, 72, 113, 124,
290 ; Rule of, 260, 262, 267*, 268,
269, 271, 275, 279, 280.
Benedictines, 267 ; black habit ot,
289.
Benedictio salis et aquae, 213, 224,
302*.
Benedictus Biscopp, S., 134, 136.
Benefactors, pictures of, 20, 21, 212;
prayers for, 98*.
Benet, Tho., 145.
Bennett, Mr., 100, 282 ; Rob., 99,
280, 282.
Bennett, St. (Benedict).
Benson, Dr., 272.
Bentley, Ric, 147.
Berington, Rob., Prior, 23, 213, 287;
first obtained mitre and staff, 53.
Bernicia, 138.
Bernicii, 132, 133, 142.
Bertram, arms of, 255.
Bertram, Prior, 255.
Berwick, 149, ; Sparke, bishop suf-
fragan of, 224, 225, 282, 288.
Beryl, crosses of, 355 ; fire struck
from, 201.
Betti, 133.
Beverley, church of, 137 ; Percy
" Shrine" at, 347 ; round window
at, 195 ; sanctuary at, 226, 227.
Bible, Genevan, 216 ; great French,
246 ; in frater, 82.
Bible and Crown, xvii.
Bier for St. Cuthbert's body, 65.
Bilfrith, anchorite, 248.
Billingham, 137 ; ballivus de, 145 ;
barngreiff de, 145.
Billings, Count)' of Durham, 253* ;
Durham Cathedral, Notes passim.
Bishop, bells rung for, 39, 224 ; his
blessing asked for, 182, 1S7 ;
clerks of, 188, 191 ; duties of, on
Easter Even, 187-191 ; or deputy,
duties of on special occasions,
172, 175, 179; on Easter Even,
187, 190, 191 ; French, story of,
235; Register of, 164; seat (throne)
of, 19 ; seat of, in chapter-house,
238 ; solemnly vested, 188, 191 ;
unknown, 121.
Bishops, figures of, 212"; four,
pictures of, 119 ; funerals of,
57, 243, 244, ; images of, and
inscriptions, at quire door, 139-
143; kneeling, 118; names of,
129 ; of Durham, at first buried
in chapter-house, 54, 55, 56, 57 ;
met at their funerals by Prior and
monks, 57 ; their names on stones
in chapter-house, 54, 55, 240-
242 ; notices of, 240 ; Durham
and other, see under their names.
Bishopric, chief men of, 259 ; laws
of, 293.
Bishopric Garland, 299.
Bishop, Mr. Edm., 248.
Bishop Auckland, 243*.
Bishop Middleham, 243*.
Bishopwearmouth, 256.
Bithynia, 131.
Bituricas (Bourges), 128*.
Black Book of Lincoln, 203.
Black habit, 118.
Black Rood of Scotland, 18, 19, 25,
215- 303-
Black Roods, the two, 215, 216, 287.
Blades, Geo., 163.
Blanchland (Alba Landa), [49.
Bland, Geo., Archdeacon of North-
umberland, 159.
Bleeding, 270.
Bleeding-house, 270.
Blessing of palms and branches,
180; of salt and holy water, 172,
179, 182.
Blessings asked tor, 182, 187*.
INDEX.
3"
Blewe marble, the blue-grey lime-
stone from Wear dale and Tees-
dale.
Blind, St. Paul struck, 121.
Blodius, 171, blue.
Blood, waves turned into, 65, 70,
247.
Bloody hands and face, 112.
Blount, Glossographia, 320.
Bloxam, Gothic Architecture, 205,
20S, 24b.
Blue armour of St. George, 116,
200.
Blue bed holden over grave, ^2, 53,
Blue cross, 222.
Blue glass represented black, 236 ;
habit of St. Bede, 48, 118*; of St.
Helena, 122 ; of Our Lady, 119.
Blue habits, monks in, 109, III,
112*, 113*, 114*, 115, 117, 120,
289.
Blue marble, 35, 37, 38* ; cross of,
35, 222 ; grave stones of, 61, 246.
Blue painting with gilded stars, 38,
40 ; velvet, robe of, 106* ; vest-
ment of St. Martin, 120.
Blue, see Blewe.
Blythman, Mr., 102, 284.
Boarded floor, for warmness, 62.
Boarding on walls, 62.
Bodleian Library, xi ; glass at, 2S9.
Bodlev s Librarian, 297.
Body, Dr., 296.
Boisil, abbot, 64, 234.
Boisilus, S., 136.
Bollandists, 291.
Bologna (Bononia), 130.
Bolton, 149, 290.
Bolton, altar of the (or Our) Lady
of, 1 13, 290.
Bolton, estate at, 219 ; Our Lady of,
' 13-
Bona, Rerum Liturgicarum, lib. II,
270.
Bondington, Will, de, bishop of
Glasgow, 153.
Bones, disposal of, 245 ; thrown into
vault, 59 ; see Charnell-house.
Bonifacius, S., 126.
Bonny, Mr., 100, 282.
" Bonny Rood," 41, 226.
Bononia (Bologna), 130.
Book of benefactors, 16, 208;
chained to altar, 208 ; of coming
of St. Cuthberl into Scotland, 35,
-•23 ; ot Epistles and Gospels, 8,
200, 304 ; in hand of S. J. B., 1 13 ;
in hand of W. Drax, 118; of
jewels, ornaments, relics, etc., 17,
208, 304.
Book, "my other" (II. 45), 54.
Booke, " my ould," 21 ; see Gospels.
Books brought from Rome, 135 ; in
carrells, 83 ; of evidence, 78 ;
kepi in Treasury, 263 ; mentioned
in Rites, list of, 304 ; serving for
pax, 9, 200.
Book covers, pictures on, 8, 200.
Bookcases, marks of, 262.
Boots, 97 ; and socks, put on the
dead, 51, 52, 237.
Boss, an enlarged part of the shaft
of the paschal candlestick, 10 ; of
that of Neville's Cross, 27, 28.
Bosses, on holy-water stones, 60.
Bough Church, 71, 251.
Boulby's office, 169.
Bound Rood, altar of, 41, 226, 303,
Bourges (Bituricas), 128*.
Bouyer, Mr., 159.
Bow Church, 71, 104, 105, 246, 251,
287 ; bell cast in, 167.
Bow Church end, 105.
Bow Lane, 170, 2S8.
Bowcer, 99, the Bursar.
Bowe Church, 105, 287 ; see Bough.
Bowes, arms of, 255.
Bowes, Dr. J., 159*.
Bowet, archbishop, arms of, 255 ;
" shrine " of, 347.
Bowing to the Blessed Sacrament, 8.
Bowling alley, 88, 270.
Bowman, Tho., 146.
Bowter, 146, 294.
Bowyer, Mr. Rob.. 248.
Boy bringing holy water, 205.
Boys' room, 169, 213.
Boyle's Durham, 215.
Bradshaw, H., Society, 203*, 246,
277, 278, 279, 301.
Bradshaw and Wordsworth, their
edition of Lincoln Statutes, 200,
202, 203, 220.
Brancepeth, canopies at, 221 ; Geo-
metrical tracery at, 221, 231.
Branches and flowers, in stone, 23-
Branckes field (Branxton, Flodden),
95*- -277-
Brand, Popular Antiquities, 2^S,
287.
Brandishing, 5, 197.
Brantingham, 243.
Brantyngham, Tho. de, bishop of
Exeter, 282.
Brass, of Beaumont, 15, 2o(>, 320 ;
Berington, 23 ; Brimley, 162; Burn-
by, 34, 222 ; Castell, 34, 222 ; de
Bury, 2 ; Rob. Ebchester, 30, 219;
W. Ebchester, 30, 219 ; Fossour,
2<) ; rlemmingbrough, 30, 210;
312
INDEX.
Neville, 225 • Rackett, 60, 246 ;
Skirlawe, 18; Washington, 22, 213.
Brasses, defaced by dean Whitting-
ham, 60, 246 ; niches on, 320 ; on
outdoor tombs, 246 ; of de Insula
and Kellow, 55, 242.
Brathwaite, Theoph., x, xi, xvii.
Brattishing, 5, 40, 197.
Braybroke, Rob. de, bishop of
London, 285.
Bread for altar use, 97, 278 ; do., at
Maundy, 78, 79.
Breakspear, Nich., 344.
Brechin (Breynensis), bishops of,
see Albinus, William.
Bregwinus, S., 128.
Brendanus, S., 135 ; day of, 288.
Brereton, Sir W., Travels, 355.
Breviary, Benedictine, 207* ; Roman,
207, 267, 287, 289, 290 ; Sarum,
205, 208, 270, 287, 291 ; York, 208,
270, 283, 287, 290, 291.
Breviaries, English, 267, 289 ; medi-
aeval, 204, 234.
Brewen, one, 14.
Brewer (pandoxator), 145.
Brewhouse, men of, 39.
Breynensis, 151, 295.
Bridge, King David's, 214.
Bridle in tree, 65, 70.
Bridlington, shrine at, 284.
Brimley or Brimleis, John, 43, 161,
231, 247, 297; epitaph ot\ 231;
music by, 231.
Brinkburn, 149.
Bristol, Jesus anthem at, 221.
Brithwoldus, S., 132.
British Museum, 22^, 276, 301 ;
Library of, 248 ; see Manuscripts.
Brittany, charnels in, 315 ; stone
circles in, 262.
Brockett, Glossary, 207.
Broking, Toby, 298.
Brome, his edition of Somner, 297.
Brough Hall, xii.
Browell, Joh., 144.
Brown, Chr., 147 ; Edw., 146 ;
Henry, 101, 145 ; Nich., 145 ;
Will., 162, 298 ; Rev. W., 285.
Browney, river, 214*, 218.
Bruce, see David ; Lieut. -Col., 163.
Brunswick, candlestick at, 202.
Bukley, Job., 144.
Bull's head, 6, 27, 112, 217, 221;
having no scutcheon, 27.
Buhner, Will., 144.
Burford, vestry altar at, 212.
Bulges, Rob., 144.
Burgh (Peterborough), 130.
Burial in unconsecrated ground,
241 ; oi prior, the first within
abbey church, 29, 218.
Burials, ringing at, 166*.
Burnby, John, Prior, 34, 53, 222.
Burnell, Rob., bishop of Bath, 155.
Bursar, 99, 101, 264, 275, 280, 284.
Bursarii gromus, 146.
Bursar's chamber, 99 ; checker, 99*,
280, 284.
Bursars' Books, xix, 280 ; Rolls, 280.
Burton, Three Primers, 222.
Burton and Raine, Hemingbrough,
219.
Bury St. Edmunds, candlestick at,
202 ; great O pittance at, 270 ;
shrine at, 196.
Bury, Ric. de, bishop, 2, 59, 157,
242, 243, 245 ; tombstone of, 2,
194.
Burying of monks, 51, 52, 237 ; of
priors, 52.
Busby, Rob., 146.
Busk-board, 279.
Buttery, 87, 91, 259, 269, a place for
butts ; see N. E. D. ; of Stephen
Marley, 91.
Buttresses, of steeple, 93.
Byland, Galilee at, 230.
Byzantine drawings, 248.
Caen stone, 198.
Csena Domini (Maundy), 255, 256.
Caerleon, see Urbs.
Caithness (Catanensis), bishops of,
see William.
Calefactories, 218.
Calefactory, 270.
Calvert, Leon., 298.
Calvin, John, 216, 217; Catherine,
sister of, 26, 217.
Calvinist, a severe, xv.
Cambridge, University of, xiv ;
University Library, xii ; MS. in,
xii*, xvi ; St. John's College, xiv,
xv.
Camden, Britannia, 169, 303/2. ; his
story of Bede, in " Remaines,"
_ 235.
Camden Society, Abingdon Account
rolls, 246 ; Chronicle of Grey
Friars, 245 ; Letters on Suppres-
sion, 284 ; Machyn's Diary, 203 ;
Miscellanies, 217, 265.
Cameras gromus, 146.
Camerarius, 145, 146.
Campbell, Ja., Balmerino, etc., 197.
Cancellaria, 263.
Candelabra of latten, 171*.
Candida Casa, 151, 295.
Candida Casa, bishops of, ix.
Candles, blessing of, 172, 173 ;
carried, not lighted, 187 ; distribu-
tion of, 174 ; lighting of, at
INDEX.
31.
Candlemas, 174; on Easter Even,
iS(>, 187 ; three, burning con-
tinually, 14.
Candle-bearer, 171).
Candlemas, ceremonial of, 1 73—1 75,
203, 340.
Candlestick, one, on altar, 201.
Candlestick, the seven, 1 1, 203 ; see
Paschal.
Candlesticks, 9, 10, 201.
Candlesticks, iron, b.
Candlestick metal, 10, 11.
Candlesticks, two on altar, 201.
Canonical penance, 295.
Canons displaced, 67, 72 ; minor,
278; Regular, 124; do. of Holy-
rood, 25.
Canopy for Blessed Sacrament, S,
199 ; of purple velvet, 13.
Canopies over altars, 194.
Canterbury, 12b, 127*, 128*, 131*, 133,
259 ; Archbishops, see Alphege,
Cranmer, Cuthbertus, Edmund,
Lanfranc, Parker, Peckham,
Sancroft, Stratford, Theodore,
Thomas Becket ; book-cover
at, 200 ; candlestick at, 202 ;
canonical subjection to, 128;
carrels at, 262 ; cellarer's domain
at, 280 ; hall at, 272, 280 ; choir-
screen at, 212; college of, in
Oxford, 278 ; deportum at, 268 ;
glass at, 202 ; guest hall at, 280 ;
infirmary at, 270* ; lavatories at,
261 ; maundy bench at, 257 ;
monastery ot St. Peter at, 134 ;
nine-holes at, 277 ; north hall at,
2b 1, 280 ; novices' outfits at, 277 ;
prior's hall at, 273 ; processional
lines at, 303M. ; relic-aumbry, 193,
279; rere-dorter at, 266*; Si.
Andrew's chapel at, 212; St.
Augustine's, 27S ; do., candlestick
at, 202 ; do., children of the
almery at, 273 ; shrine at, 196*,
198 ; third dormitory at, 266 ;
throne, 279; water supply of, 261.
Cantor, 144, 182, 187, 190, 275 ;
begins Kvrie, etc., 191.
Canute, king, 20, 21 ; founded
churches where he had fought,
>37-
Capgrave, John, 293 ; see Nova
Legenda.
Cappadocia, 126.
Capuchin friars, dead bodies of, 285.
Cardinal's hat, 1 12.
Carham, 22T,.
Carilef, St., 133 ; excluded women,
134, 228; mass of, 251.
Carilef, Will, de St., bishop, 55, 56,
67. 7-- 74- 138. -'40*. -4'. »42i 243,
250, 254; acts of, 140; death of,
73; intended to make a Dun Cow,
74, 234 ; may have instituted com-
memoration of St. Carilef, 251 ;
perhaps identified, wrongly, with
St. Carilef, 2~,2 ; said to have
been canonized, 72, 251 ; said to
have made tomb in cloister, 251 ;
statue of, 93.
Carlisle (Lucubalia), 138, 227.
Carlisle, bishops of, see Everdon,
Kirkeby, Mauclerk, Nicolson.
Carol, an enclosure, 262.
Carpenters, 145.
Carrells, 83, 262, 304.
Carter (gromus, bis), 146 ; (valect.),
'45-
Carter, John, 303/;. ; drawings by,
211, 230", 238; plan by, of Dur-
ham Cathedral, xx, 211, 212, 213,
230, 238, 242, 252, 256, 259, 269,
270*, 271, 281 ; plans, etc., of St.
Albans, 209 ; plates by, 227*, 243,
-45» 25>< 274» 289, 323; portrait
by, of old verger, 200.
Cartwright, J. J., Chapters in Hist,
of Yorkshire, 294.
Carver, 144.
Casagaia (near Le Mans), 133.
Casement, 115, 290.
Casket, silver, for bones of Veil.
Bede, 73.
Cassianus, Johannes, S., 134.
Cassiodorus, 135.
Castell, Prior, 34, 54, 80, 210, 220,
221, 222, 257; renewed Doctors'
window, 31 ; represented in win-
dow, 31.
Castle of Durham, chests al, 264 ;
Fox's work at, 199 ; Henry VI at,
123; Norman keep of, 259; oil-
painting at, 266 ; Pudsey's work
at, 141.
Castle in hand of St. Barbara, 117.
Castle Acre, fireplace at, 194 ;
kitchen lobbv at, 259 ; rere-dorter
al, 266*.
Castleford, 341.
Catalog! Veteres, 220*', 260, 263',
204, 293.
Catalogue of Sculptured Stones, 247,
285.
Catanensis, 132, 295.
Catechism, Exposition of, ix.
Cater (gromus, bis), 146.
Catholic people, 123,
Catlynson, Ric, 14b.
Cator, 143, 294.
Catterick, xii.
314
INDEX.
Caxton's Pie, 224.
Ceadda, S., 121.
Cedda, S., bishop of Lichfield, pre-
viously bishop of York, 129, 133 ;
ordained bishop, 142 ; represented
in glass, 50.
Celestinus V, pope, 125.
Cellar, 81*, 86, 87, 259, 260, 268,
2S0 ; (explained p. 280) ; keys of,
94 ; yeoman of, 94 ; the great, 82,
87, 259, 260, 265, 269, 270 ; the
lesser, 260, 269 ; of guest-hall, 90.
Cellar door, 80, 93, 258.
Cellarage under prebendal house,
296. '
Cellarer, 99, 145, 272, 275*, 280, 281 ;
(explained p. 280) ; two gromi of,
.46.
Cellarer s chamber, 99 ; checker, ib.,
280 ; hall, 265 ; do., at Canter-
bury, 272.
Celtic monks at Ripon, 236.
Cemetery, 218.
Cemetery Garth (see Centory
Garth).
Cenomanum (Le Mans), 133.
Censers, 9, 15, 22, 201 ; see Thurible.
Censing-, 12*, 15, 107, 188, 288.
Censor, 302.
Centory garth, 1, 29, 52, 53*, 59, 60,
62. 63, 68, 75, 87, 218, 269; the
cemetery garth ; effaced, 60 ;
praying in, 87, 269.
Centry garth, various forms of name,
245-
Ceolwulphus Rex Northanhimbr.,
126.
Ceolwlfius, Rex, becomes monk,
his relics, 139.
Cereus Paschalis, 188, 301,
Cestria in Strata (Chester-le-Street),
142.
Chains for basins, 14* ; for censers,
9'
Chains, sitting in, 89.
Chair, of stone, in chapter-house,
56, 211, 242, 243; of wood, in
chapter-house, 56, 243 ; do., of
nineteenth-century bishops, 243.
Chair organ, 299.
Chalcedony, crosses of, 355.
Chalice in hand of St. John the
Evang'elist, 1 1 1, 116.
Chalice of wax, 52, 53 ; gilt, 57,
238 ; silver, etc., 244.
Chalices, 9, 13, 23, 32, 98, 201 ; for
burial, $2, 53, 57, 239 ; wrought
upon tombstones, 60.
Chamber, great, of Prior, 90 ; of
master oi fermery, 89, 270 ; for
midnight bell-ringer, 40, 226 ; in
north alley of quire, 22, 213; of
reveslry, 22, 213.
Chambers in dorter, floors and
windows of, 85, 266 ; belonging to
guest-hall, 90, 272 ; two, over
north door, 41, 227.
Chamberlain, 97, 100, 145, 275, 282 ;
his chamber, 100, and checker,
100, 159, 282, 296.
Chamberlain, see Camerarius.
Chamberlains' rolls, 282.
Chambre, Will, de, 213, 218, 219*,
^ 222*, 235, 239, 269.
Champnay, Joh., 145.
Chancellor, arms of, 255.
Chancellor, spiritual, 252.
Changeable suits, 9 ; sets of vest-
ments changed to suit different
occasions.
Chantry of blue marble, 43, 44, 230,
231.
Chantry priest, to say mass at altar
of Our Lady of Pity, 44.
Chantries, of bishop Langley, 49.
Chapel, St. Andrew's, 51, 52, 237.
Chapel or church of wands, 66, 71,
249, 251.
Chapel Field, at Kimblesworth, 274.
Chaplain's chamber and checker,
1 01, 284.
Chapter, daily proceedings in, 279.
Chapter Acts, 298*, 299, 300*, 340.
Chapter-house, 31, 52, 59, 73, 238,
240, 263, 265, 267, 303 ; bishop's
and prior's seats in, 56, 211, 242,
243 ; corpses taken to, 52, 53 ;
demolition of, 241 ; meeting in,
for prayer, etc., 5 to 6 p.m., 86,
267 ; prayers in, 98, 279.
Chapter mass, 98, 280 ; offices, 296 ;
seal, 83, 84*, 263*.
Charette, 57, 244 ; here the funeral
car on which the body was borne.
Chargeable, burdensome, 96.
Chariot, etc., of deceased bishop due
to Prior and monks, 57, 244 ; (of
St. Cuthbert) immoveable, 66, 71.
Charles I, xi, 11, 97, 278, 284, 298;
II, 165 ; V, tomb of, 202.
Charley cross, 227.
Charnell-house, 59, 245, 246. It
might have been mentioned in the
note that many of the bones in
Ripon Bone-house probably came
from the churchyard when the
new aisles were built. See
Memorials of Kipoit, III, Index
under Bones. On the charnel
and chapel at Norwich, see
Murray's Cat/icdrals, Norwich,
143. In Rome and elsewhere it is
INDEX.
!»5
usual, when a church is rebuilt] to
place disturbed bones together in
a place called Polyandrum, under
the now building. For the
Polyandrum that was made in
1545 in the now St. Peter's at
Rome, and its inscription, set'
Atringhi, Roma Subterranea, 1659,
p. 155 ; also Pu Cange under
Polyandrum. But it is perhaps in
Brittany that charnel-houses have
received the fullest development.
Soo Viollet le Duo. Diet, de V Archi-
tecture, vi, 449, under Ossuaire.
Charter-house, water supply of, 261.
Chasuble, iqo, 221, 24;,.
Cherubim, 122, 292.
Chest, covered with hides, 2S3 ; at
Durham Castle, 285 ; iron-bound,
102, 284, 285 ; a new one, 284,
285 ; the first for St. Cuthbert's
body, 70 ; see Coffin, Cutlibert.
Chests in Treasury, 84, 263, 264 ;
(coffins), 239.
Chester, carrels at, 262 ; frater
pulpit at, 260.
Chester-le-Street(Cestria in Strata).
Conkcestria, 65, 70, 71, 142, 143 ;
bishops of, ix ; Cutheard, bishop
of, 143.
Cheston, M., 144.
diet ham Society, 355.
Chichester, nine-holes at, 277 ;
painting's at, 212; pulpit in Vicar's
hall at, 260; shrine of St. Richard
at, 284.
Children of the Almery, 62, 91*,
247, 273 ; at the Maundy, 79, 237 ;
of the quire, 62.
Chillenden, Prior of Canterbury, 280.
Chilton pool, 28, 2 i 7.
Chime, a goodly, 39, 40, 225.
Chime-barrel, 22^,.
Choir, see Quire.
Choir-school, 2^1,, 296.
Choristers, 34, 43, 231, 2qS ; master
ot, 43, 231, 298 ; vestry of, 2(13.
Christ, anointing of, 112 ; anointing
and visiting sick, 120; as He
ascended and rose, 112; baptism
of, 120 ; on breast of the Father,
111, 114, 290; censed by angels,
ufa; crucified, 109, 114, 117* ;
figure of, on St. Cuthbert's coffin,
285; on the Cross, 111, 114, 290;
on the Cross in arms of N'icodcmus,
112; death, burial, resurrection,
and ascension of, in glass, 51 ;
picture of, u<); do., with Mary
and John, in frater, 80 ; seated on
rainbow, ^ : on shoulder of St.
Christopher, 110, 113, 2Sc> ; story
oi\ 121, 12 2.
Christopher, St., 110, 113, 281;, 290.
Christus resurgens, 12, 205.
Chronicle ot' Grey Friars, 243 ; o(
Lanercost, 213.
Chrysostom, St., 1 26.
Church, body of, Guest-hall much
like, 90.
Church, How, tbfa, 167 ; Cathedral,
east end of, ruinous, 148, 150, 151;
laying first three stones of, 33, 56,
241 ; at Lindisfarne, built by
Finan ami consecrated by Theo-
dore, 133.
Churches, procession of all the, 107.
Churchyard, of Cathedral, i6g ;
house, garden, and wall in, 164,
165 ; processions through, 105 ;
a Sanctuary, 41.
Church Fenton, 341.
Cicero, 263.
Ciffene, 347.
Circas or Cireumitores, 267, 273.
Circuit of processions, 103, lofa.
Cissor under Chamberlain, 283.
Cistercians, lay-folks' infirmary of,
Cistercian Consuetudines, 233, 302 ;
retrochorus, 221 ; statutes, 278.
City, procession in, 107, 108, 288.
Clarendon Press, 293.
Claret, 281.
Clark, Rob., 90.
Clarke, Cha., 299.
Clasps, of doors, 33.
Claustrarius (groin us), 146.
Cleaning of church, 98.
Clement, bishop of Dunblane, 130^,
152-
Clerk of the Covent, 91, 274 ; of the
Covie, 02, 274.
Clerks blamed for murder of bishop
Walcher, and removed, 140, 141.
Clerks' chamber, 281.
Clericus bursarii, 144; capellae, 144;
supprioris, 144.
Clerici Valecti, 144.
Clerk, Job., 144.
Clerkc, J oh., 146.
Cliffe, George, 221.
Clifford, arms of, 233.
Clifton, All Saints Parish .Magazine,
220, 222.
Clock, 31, 78, 168, 220, 301 ; de-
stroyed, 220, 221 ; in Loft behind
Rood, 34, 221.
Clock door, 1 14.
Clock arid Chime, 40.
Cloister or Cloisters, b3-88, 1)7, 1 14,
163, 170. 247-270; arms in, 77,
3i6
INDEX.
169, 254, 255 ; choristers taught
in song-school in, 298* ; Common
House in, 88; Dorter in, 85; East
alley in, 75, 254 ; historical re-
lation connected with, 63, 69; key
of, 94 ; Loft in, 86 ; Maundy
Thursday in, 77 ; North alley in,
83, 262 ; novices' seats in, 84* ;
porter of, 94 ; privies near, 86 ; pro-
cessions through, 105, 303 ; rolls
of expenses of, 254; St. Cuthbert's
tomb in, 68, 74, 141 ; South alley
in, 78, 257 ; Treasury in, 83, 84* ;
West alley in, 83, 263.
Cloister door, eastern, 40 ; porter
at, 79.
Cloister doors, 93 ; garth, 83 ;
lavers, xx, xxi, 82, 261, 262 ;
towels, 262 ; windows, 118, 291.
Clokmylne, 217.
Cloth, for pix, 8, 199.
Clothes-bag, 277.
Cluny, Prior of, 125.
Cnut, gave candlestick, 202.
Coal garth, 99, 280.
Coal house, 280.
Cocks of brass, 82, 261.
Cocks, embroidered on vestment,
171.
Cocks, A. H., Church Bells of
Bucks., 300.
Coco nuts, 276.
Cocus (gromus), 145 ; lardaria?
carnium, 149.
Coenredus Rex Merciorum, 125.
Coffin, golden, 46, 235 ; wood, car-
ved, of St. Cuthbert, 70, 247, 285.
Coffins, of bishops, 57 ; of priors, 53 ;
wooden, 239.
Coldingham, 139*, 149, 213 ; dis-
orders at, 223, 228 ; prior of, 118,
291.
Coldingham, Geoff, de, 229*, 269.
Cole garth, 99, 280.
Colgan, Trias Thaumaturg'a, 254.
Collationes, 267.
Collation at Winchester, 283.
Cologne, kings of, 47.
Coloured borders, 109*, 289.
Columba, S., 135 ; Life of, 249.
Columbanus, S., 135.
Column cut away for reredos, 223.
Commissary of Archdeaconry, 147.
Commissioners for defacing orna-
ments, 69, 108, 251, 284*, 285.
Commodities, 69, 75 ; advantages,
benefits, profits, interests; "often
in the sense of private or selfish
interest." — N.E.D.
Common House, 88, 101, 265, 270,
■283, 303 ; Benedictine, 270 ; the
first, 265 ; (Westminster), chapel
on east side of, 270.
Commons, House of, 248.
Commonalty of Durham damage
banner, 288.
Commoner, the, 270 ; his chamber
and checker, 101, 283 ; rolls of,
283-
Communiarii gromus, 146.
Communion-tables, made of sepul-
chres, 205.
Comper, J. N., 201.
Compline, 221, 256, 257, 267, 268*.
Concordia Regularis, 269.
Conduit, 82, 100, 261, 266; in dean's
kitchen, 61.
Conduit door, 82.
Conduits or spouts of brass, 82, 261.
Confirmation, 224.
Confirmation of pontifical insignia
to the Priors of Durham, 213.
Conformity by compulsion, 231.
Conkcestria (Chester-le-Street),
'43*-
Connor, bishops, see Dunath, Peter
of ; John ; Newcastle, Isaac of ;
Port Royal, William of.
Conrad, gave candlestick, 202.
Consecration of priests, 19, 212.
Consistory, 73, 161, 167, 252; ori-
ginally a " standing-place " or
" meeting-place," hence a court.
Consitt, Provost, Life of St. Cuth-
bert, 216.
Constantinople, 126.
Consuetudinary of Westminster,
278 ; of Winchester, 283.
Convent, meeting of, in Chapter,
279.
Conversion of St. Paul, 121.
Conveyance through roof, 11, 203.
Cook, supplied cressets, 85.
Cope, 172, 180, 185, 187, 188, 221.
Copes, 22 ; given to St. Cuthbert,
106* ; rich, 105, 106.
Coquet, river, 251.
Cord for hanging pix, igq ; to let
down meat, 89.
Cords, of silk, for pix, 8.
Corn, 100.
Cornforth, Geo., 115.
Cornhill Magazine, 195.
Coronet, palatinate, 291 ;
Corporax of St. Cuthbert, z^, 95,
214 ; placed in banner, 26, 95.
Corporax cases, 214.
Corpus Christi Day, 95 ; procession
on, 106, 288.
Corpus Christi shrine, 69, 251 ;
carried in procession, 107.
Corsaint, 247.
INDEX.
317
Corsse, 52, corpse. The " corsaint,"
i.e. St. Cuthbert's body, was
invested with a living personality.
Metr. Life, 1. 2. In like manner
people will now speak of a corpse
in a coffin as " Mrs. R.,"and talk
about "the corpse's brother"
having been at a funeral. So
here, " the dead corsses feet."
Corwen, 37, 223.
Cosin, John, bishop, ix, xiii, xix//.,
163, 233, 264, 299.
Cosin MS. , B. it. 2, ix, x, xiv, xvi,
xvii, xix ; transposition in, 273.
Cosin's Correspondence, 199, 209,
278, 299, 355 ; Library, ix, xiv, xviii.
Cospatrick, earl, 239.
Cotton, Sir Rob., 24S.
Cotton Library, 167.
Cotysfurth, Jo., 146.
Covent, convent, as in " Covent
Garden," 99 ; clerk of, 91, 274.
Cove, meaning of, 258.
Coventry and Lichfield, bishops ;
see Roger.
Covey, 80, 92, 258, 259, 260, 274 ;
clerk of, 92, 274 ; hatch of, 274 ;
at Worcester, 258.
Covey door, 80, 258.
Covey or Pantry window, 92.
Cow, the Dun, 66, 71, 249, 254.
Cowl, the sleeveless outer garment
of a monk or novice, with a hood
that can be put over the head, 97,
277-
Cowl and habit, the dead wound in,
5'- 5-2-
Cowper, 145, 294.
Cowper, Joh., 145 ; Rob., 163.
Cox, T., xviii.
Cranmer, Tho., archbishop of Can-
terbury, 201.
Crayke (Creak) minster, 65, 70 ;
royal manor of, 138.
Creed, articles of, with Apostles,
1 16, 290.
Creeping to the Cross, 11, 30, 204,
205, 340.
Cressett, 3, 22, 195, 213*. An
earthen basin or a hollowed stone
used as a lamp.
Cressets in Dorter, 85, 266.
Crewe, bishop, 300.
Croccio, 209.
Crocus, polishing with, 209.
Cromwell, Oliver, 206, 355 ; Rich.,
206.
Crook of gold that the pix did hang
on, 8.
Crosbie, Ric, 96, 250.
Crosier, 15, 112, 118*, 121, 292; in
hand of Prior of Coldingham, 118,
291 ; (crutch), silver gilt, 105, 287.
Cross, a cross-piece, 35, 222.
Cross, annexed to bishops' names,
54, 240 242 ; on banner-staff, 26,
95, 277 ; of blue marble, 34, 35,
222 ; on breast of St. Oswald,
115; Charley, 227 ; in hand of
5. J. B., 120; in hand of St.
Oswald, 49 ; the Leaden, 227 ;
of wood, at Maid's Bower, set
up and afterwards destroyed, 29,
217, 218 ; Neville's (the stone
cross), 227 ; an earlier one, 217 ;
described, 27, 217 ; destroyed,
28, 165 ; Neville's, why so named,
28; the Nevilles' (their saltire),
6, 27, 30, 112; Philipson's, 227;
St. Andrew's, 120 ; St. Cuthbert's,
42, 227 ; on shoulder, 112 ; taken
at battle of Durham, 24 ; St.
Margaret's, 106, 287 ; the true,
portion of, 216.
Crosses, borne in processions, 10,
105, 107, 201, 231, 2S7 ; simple,
201 ; two distinct, 210 ; see Black
Roods.
Cross-bearer, 172, 179, 185, 187,
302.
Cross days, Cross week, 104, 287.
Cross division, 118, 291.
Cross keys in hand of St. Peter,
121.
Cross staff, 10, 121 ; do., in hand of
St. Martin, 120.
Crossing, 303.
Crown of gold on head of Our Lady
of Bolton, 113; on head of St.
Oswald, 119, 291.
Crowned images, 18, 19.
Croxdale, 231.
Crucibulum (cresset), 213.
Crucifix, enclosed in image, 30 ; of
gold, 11, 204 ; on Neville's Cross,
28.
Crucifixion, remarkable allusion to,
156 ; represented in glass, 32, 47,
237 ! m Jesse Window (?), 228 ;
on pax, 200.
Cruets, 9, 13, 32, 98, 171, 201.
Crutch, crosier, 57, 105, 244, 2S7.
Crux fidelis (hymn), 204.
Cryer (a bell), 208.
Cryers, organ so called, 16, 208,
299.
Crypts, 246.
Crystal, in breast of image, 12 ;
cross of, 13, 203 ; see Xpall ; fire
struck from, 201 ; squared box of,
107.
Crystal stones, 10.
3i8
INDEX.
Cumberland and Westmoreland
Transactions, 195.
Cumberland, red earth of, 247.
Cuneagecester, Chester-le-Street,
65-
Curia, 281, 288.
Cursor scaccarii, 144.
Curtains of white silk, 7, 198.
Cushion, velvet, 11, 12.
Customary of Canterbury, 277 ; of
St. Peter's, Westminster, 194.
Cuthbert, St., 1, 2, 3, 20, 21, 109,
no, in, 115-119, 121, 248; abbot
14 years, 63, 64 ; alleged royal
descent of, 63, 77, 247, 255 ;
anchorite 13 years, 63, 64 ;
anchorite in Fame, 131 ; appeared
in visions, 236 ; to Alfred, 137 ;
to Hunred, 65, 70 ; to St. Oswald,
11S.
Cuthbert, St., arms of, u, 109, 116,
204, 289, 290.
Cuthbert, St., banner of, 105, 106,
107, 287 ; borne only on principal
days, 95 ; cross-bar of, 216 ;
described, 26, 94, 95 ; destroyed,
27, 217 ; how lifted, 216 ; injured
and mended, 216, 287 ; pertained
to shrine, 94 ; required at least
four men to manage it, 96* ; set
up at east end of shrine, 96 ;
supposed incombustible, but burnt,
27, 217 ; taken to battles, 95, 277 ;
its vveisfhtiness, 96* ; when used,
26*.
Cuthbert, St., beard of, 102, 2S5 ;
birds of, 198 ; bishops at first did
not presume to lie near, 54.
Cuthbert, St., bod)' of, 138, 264 ;
brought to Durham, 143 ; cross
found on, 286 ; found whole, 131,
I32> x39*> '41 i pilgrimage of
Cnut to, 138 ; removed from first
grave, 63, 69 ; said to have been
counterfeited, 285, 286 ; to have
been placed in chest now at
Castle, 264 ; taken from Lindis-
farne, 142 ; uncorrupt, 63, 69, 102,
103. 139*. Hi. :49. i58> 284.
Cuthbert, St., books of life and
miracles of, 35, 223, 304 ; burial
of, 63, 69 ; buried where shrine
had been, 103, 286 ; chief patron,
48 ; church of, 16 ; coffins of, 5,
70, 132, 139, 247, 285, 286 ;
coming of, into Scotland, 304 ;
consecration of, 127, 131, 138 ;
converses from his tomb, 130 ;
corporax of, 23, 95, 214 ; death
of, 63, 67, 69, 72, 247 ; devotion
of kings to, 227 ; an early shrine
of, 196 ; enshrined, 67, 73 ; en-
shrined in light feretory, 63, 69 ;
feast of Translation of, 197 ;
entertains an angel, 131, 138, 142,
236; feast of, 4, 79, 81, 96, 197,
259, 269 ; feretory of, 97, 108 ; his
first grave of stone, 63, 69 ;
frequented islets, 132 ; gentlemen
desired to lie near, 59 ; gift to,
from St. Ethelwold, 130, 293 ;
glass pictures of, 31,47, 114, 116*;
grave of, 196 ; honoured by Alfred
and by his son Edward, 137, 293 ;
image of, 7 ; do., set up by cloister
wall, 68, 75 ; Irish legends of, 223,
254 ; Irish and royal parentage of,
131 ; jewels, etc., bestowed on,
106*, 288 ; lands of, exempt from
customary dues to Crown, 138 ;
laws given or confirmed to, 137,
138 ; laws and lands of, 137, 138,
293 ; laws and liberties of, 141 ;
leg of, broken, 102, 285 ; legend
of, ix ; life of, written by Bede,
136 ; made a monk, 136, 142 ;
made a monk and prior, 131*, 142;
mass clothes of, 63, 69 ; his MS.
of Gospel of St. John, 250 ; marble
stone over grave of, 103 ; marble
stones from shrine of, 196 ; mass
of, on vacant Thursdays, 191 ; in
mass vestments, 48 ; meaning of
name of, 254 ; metrical Life of,
197, 223, 227, 228, 247*, 249, 250,.
254, 276, 290, 292, 301 ; metwand
of, 102, 285; miracles of, 118, 270;
monk 37 years, 63, 64 ; nativity
of, 118 ; painting of, 233 ; parting
monition of, 64 ; patron of church,
etc., of Durham, 131, 139; praying
in sea, 115, 290; promotes Guth-
red, 139 ; relics of, 234 ; those of
Eadbert with his, 132, 139 ; secret
place of his burial, 167, 301 ;
separated monks and nuns, 228 ;
shrine of, xix, 17, 25, 94, 151*,
156*, 167, 234*, 235, 251, 276, 286,
287 ; do., defaced, 102 ; sinews and
skin of, 102, 285 ; solitary life of,
with the Picts, 35, 36, 223 ; story
and miracles of, in glass, 76, 254 ;
tomb of, 250 ; do., privileges
offered on, 137 ; visited by Henry
VI, 122, 292 ; tomb of, in cloister,
140, 141 ; Translation of, xvii,
237. 239, 250.
Cuthbert, St., translated into Ald-
hune's church, 67, 69 ; to Durham,
131 ; by Eadbert, 132, 139 ; to
Lindisfarne, 131* ; to present
church, 67, 6S, 73, 93, 141 ; to
INDEX.
3 IQ
tomb in cloisters, 6S, 73, 74 ;
to While Kirk, 67, 71.
Cuthbert, St., vestments of, 102,
103, 285 ; voice from shrine of,
143 ; wandering's of body of, (14,
69, 142, 247 ; window of, at York,
254, 289 ; women not to come
near him, 35*, 43, 223.
Cuthbertus, S. (Arch. Cantuar.),
128.
Cutheardus, bishop of Chester-le-
Street, acts of, 143.
Cyprus, 132.
D'Achery, 234.
Dacre, arms of, 169, 255.
Puis, 275.
Dallam, Rob., 299*.
Dalmatic, deacon in, 182, 221 ;
deacon without, 179, 188.
Dalton, Rob., 281, 286.
Daltown, Tho. tic, bishop of Gallo-
way, 155*.
Damascus, 121.
Damask, red, 211 ; white, 7.
Danamarchia (Denmark), 137.
Dane, Dan, Dom, Don, titles, 93,
93«., 102, 275, 2S0, 284 ; see
Monks.
Danes, 64*, 65, 69 ; coming- of, 142 ;
oppressed Alfred, 137 ; robbed
the church of St. Cuthbert, 137.
Danyell, S., 135.
Darlev, arms and initials of, 159,
296.'
Darlev, Rob., 159.
Darlington, church of, built by
bishop Pudsey, 141 ; clerks trans-
ferred to, 141 ; manor and church
at, 74, 253.
D'Arnis, Lexicon, 301.
Dasent, Gisli the Outlaw, 237.
Date of the book, 29, 161, 165, 193,
300.
Dates of former edition ; it was
i-sued in 1844 for 1842 ; hence
sometimes dated 1S42, as on p. in.,
sometimes 1844, as on p. xvi*.
David or Davy, St., 129.
David I, king of Scotland, St., 128,
215* ; his gifts and confirmations,
139 ; well of, 215.
David II (Bruce), king of Scots, 6,
18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 25, 58, 210,
214, 215*, 218 ; admonished by a
dream, 25 ; taken in battle, 25,
58, 214, 215.
Davies, John, 165, 300 ; his edition
of Rites, xii, xiv*, xv, xvi, 15971. ;
.Mickleton's additions thereto,
161-168, 297-301.
Dawson, Geo. (ballivus de Billing-
ham), 145.
Dawson, Geo, (barngreiff de Wol-
viston), 145.
Daw Raby, 24, 58, 244. Dawe or
Dauwe occurs repeatedly as a
man's name in Piers Plowman,
and is for Davie ov David. Bui
in this case it is probably a
nickname taken from the bird.
It appears as " Da Raby " in
Leland, It in., ed. 1744, I, 83, as
" Daraby," lb., 85, and as Da wra by
in Durham Visitation Pedigrees
(Foster, 1887), 24K. In a dispute
between I wo Lincolnshire gentle-
men in 1533 one called the other
"a fooll and a dawe," and so
provoked the retort " dawe of thy
hede." Proc. Soc. Ant., April
29, 1869, p. 321. And see N.E.D.
and E.D.D. under "daw."
Days, principal and other, 9, 87, 98;
see Principal.
Deacon in dalmatic, 182 ; without
dalmatic, 179, 188.
Deacons, 34, 43, 187, 190, 231.
Dead, services for, 52, 53, 23S.
Dead man's chamber, 51, 52, 237.
Dean, the, 256*.
Dean's buttery, 61 ; hall, 257 ;
cellarage under, 265 ; hall greece
or stairs, 99, 101, 284 ; house, 81 ;
lodging, 78, 256.
Deans, Benedictine, 275.
Deans of Durham, sat in wooden
chair in chapter-house, 56 ; see
under names.
Deanery, 260 ; arms in window at,
290.
Decorated windows in prebendal
house, 296.
Deece Prior, 94*, 96, 259, 275.
Defoe, D., A Tour, etc., 265.
Degrees in Occupations, 107.
Deira, 13S.
De la Hay, arms of, 255.
De Moleon, Voyages liturgiques,
202, 214.
De Morgan, Book of Almanacks,
292.
Denmark (Danamarchia), 137.
Deodatus, S., pope, 125.
Deportum, 268.
Deputy prior, 0,4.
Dergie, 52, 238.
Deribitory, xiv, see Dirivatory.
Derlington, prior, [61, [65, 207,
297, 300.
Description of stale of church ol
Durham, 46, 234, 304.
320
INDEX.
Desk, long, in Song school, 62 ; for
singers, 34, 221.
Desks in carrells, 83 ; in windows
of chambers in Dorter, 85.
Device or wrest, 18, 19, 210 ; for
pipes of banner-staff, 26.
Devon, Church Bells of, 279.
Dicson, Joh., 146 ; Ra., 145.
Dictionary of Christian Antiquities,
226, 238 ; of Christian Biography,
292, 293 ; English Dialect, 319 ;
of National Biography, xvw., 206,
240, 251, 284 ; New English, see
P\ 337-
Didimus Alexandrinus, S., 135.
Dining, etc., of monks and novices,
268.
Dining-room, Loft made into, 159,
269.
Dinner, grace at, 93 ; general, on
St. Cuthbert's day in Lent, 4, 81.
Dionisius, S., monk and abbot, 135.
Dionisius, S., pope, 125.
Diptychs, 208.
Dirge, 52, 238.
Dirivatory, xiv, 76, 254. The same
mistake appears in Godwin's
Catalogue of the Bishops, 1601, p.
527: — " He bestowed also 220/. in
the building of the Diribitory,"
and in the Latin edition, 1743, p.
751 : — " Ducentas deinde ac viginti
in structura Diribitorii impendit."
The N.E.D. has " fDiribitory,
Obs.," with one quotation, namely
1656 Blount, Glossogr., "a place
wherein souldiers are numbered,"
etc do., " where the
Romans gave their voyces." A
scribe appears to have got hold
of this word by mistake for
" Dormitory," and to have been
followed by many.
Discrepancies in lists of figures,
212.
Dissolution of Monastery, 159, 201,
248, 250, 256, 280, 283 ; see Sup-
pression.
Divided imbordered, or, and bor-
dered, 2, 15 ; set in separate
representations of niches in the
borders of brasses. Some of the
largest brasses, e.g. those of
Bishop Beaumont at Durham,
Alan Flemyng at Newark, and
Roger Thornton at All Saints,
Newcastle, had two sets of niches
on each side, besides many at the
top.
Divine Service, nobly done at Dur-
ham, 123.
Divinity, Professor of, 272 ; study
of, 97.
Dixon, R. W., History of Church of
England, 284.
Doctors, names of, 135 ; writings
of, 304 ; and others, works of, in
Library, 31, 83, 263 ; the four,
read, 16, 207 ; represented in
glass, 31, 120, 220.
Dodson, — , 162, 298.
Dogs, embroidered on vestment,
171.
Dol, 129*.
Dominations, 122.
Domus infirmorum, 51.
Door at the greece foot, 87, 269 ;
behind quire, 179 ; east, from
cloister into church, 83 ; within
frater door, 87, 269 ; with leaves,
33 ; the north church, 37.
Doors opened at 7 a.m., 93, 94 ; of
Mr. Pilkington's hall, 100 ; the
two, in Neville screen, 6, 198.
Doorway from dormitory to church,
265.
Doorways, their places accounted
for, 303.
Dor, 37, 61, 68, 79 ; Durham for
" door."
Dormitory, the Great, 259, 265, 266 ;
(miscalled Dirivatory), 76, 254 ;
see Dorter.
Dorset, marquis of, 284.
Dorsetshire, 229.
Dorsetshire clunch, 198.
Dorter, 51, 83, 85, 86, 93, 94, 97,
185, 187, 195, 238, 246, 265, 276,
303 ; basement of, 270 ; cellarage
under, 239 ; chambers of officers
in, 97-101 ; midst of, paved, 86,
267 ; Norman, and stairs to it,
265 ; tiled floor of, 296 ; Treasury
under, 263 ; undercroft of, 278 ;
windows in, 266.
Dorter door, 83*, 84, 93.
Double cloth, 147, 294.
Double furnitures of altars, 98, 280.
Douglas, H., 160.
Dove, in representation of Holy
Trinity, 290 ; likeness of, 47 ; with
olive-branch, 180.
Dovecot over laver, 82, 262.
Dragon killed by St. George, 116;
by St. Michael, 115 ; overcome by
St. Margaret, 120, 291.
Dragons at feet of Paschal, 10 ; on
shrine-cover, 5.
Drake, Eboracum, 303W.
Drawing room, 160.
Drax, Will., 118, 291
INDEX.
32 1
Dresser window, Si, 82, 87, 259,
269*.
Dried fruit s, 284.
Prink ;tt Maundy, 7S, 70, 256.
Du Cange, Lexicon, 230, 260, 262*,
281, 282, 315, 343.
Dudley, arms of, 169.
Dugdale, Church Notes, 290 ;
Monasticon, 194, 196, 216, 256 ;
notes by, 255.
Dumium (close to Braga), 130.
Dunath, Peter of, bishop of Connor,
•55-
Dunbar, fight at, 14, 58, 163, 206.
Dunblane, bishops, see Clement,
Praebenda.
Dun Cow, monument of, 74, 254.
Dun Cow Lane, 288.
Duncan, king of Scots, 21*.
Dtinelm, Rob. de, 167.
Dunholm, 66, 71, 74.
Dunkeld, bishop of, 148.
Dunkeld, bishops of, see Richard,
William.
Dunstan, St., 127, 130.
Durandus, Rationale of, 291.
Durham, Abbey church of, founded,
67, 72 ; Anglo-Saxon poem on site
of, 197 ; Antiquities of, 23 ; Arch-
deacons of, 67, 72, 188*, 210 ; (or
Neville's Cross) battle of, x, 18, 19,
23-25. 27-29. 58, 210, 214, 218, 244 ;
authorities on, 215 ; bishops of,
ix ; Counts Palatine, 210 ; great
benefactors, 58 ; installed in stone
chair, 56, 243 ; latterly buried
within the church, 57-59 ; lists of,
xviii ; rite of burying, 57, 243 ;
tract on, xii ; visitations of, 56 ;
see Aldhune, Barbara, Beaumont,
Beck, Bury, Carilef, Cosin, Crewe,
Eadmundus, Eadredus, Egelwyn,
Farnham, Flambard, Fordham,
Fox, Gaufridus, Hatfield, Insula,
James, Kellow, Kirkham, Langley,
Lightfoot, Maltby, Marisco, "Mat-
thew, Morton, Moule, Pictavia,
Pilkington, Poor, Pudsey, Robert
(de Insula), Ruthall, Sherwood,
Skirlaw, Stichell, Tunstall, Van
Mildert, Walcher ; castle of, 141,
see Castle ; Cathedral, arms of,
xiii ; Cathedral Library, see Lib-
rary ; Mr. Brimley's music at,
231 ; present order of procession
in, 200 ; Church of, records of, 21 ;
City of, 27 ; Civil Incorporation of,
308 ; College of, 260 ; coming of
monks tii, 24S ; County of, des-
cription of, xviii ; Dean of, has
Kit-hand stall, 211 ; Deans of, see
Home, Hunt, Kitchin, Matthew,
Whitehead, Whittingham ; Dean
and Chapter of, xiv, 27S; Dean and
Prebendaries of, 260 ; diocese of,
123 ; Episcopal Library, see
Cosin's ; livery men of, xix ;
Mayor of, 167 ; OKI English poem
on, 234; Priors, see Absolon, Auck-
land. Bell, Berrington, Castell,
Derlington, Ebchester, Fossor,
German, Hemmingburgh, Hoton,
John, Melsonby, Turgot, Wes-
sington, Whitehead ; processional
crosses at, 201 ; rere-dorter at,
266, 267 ; St. Cuthbert translated
to, 131 ; St. Oswald's proces-
sional cross at, 201 ; See of, arms
of, 255 ; site of, described, 143.
Durham, University of, arms of, 227 ;
a lecture-room of, 233 ; Library
of, 198 ; Museum of, 233.
Durham, verses on, 169 ; visit of St.
Ethelwold to, 130, 293 ; visitation
at, 102.
Durham Account Rolls, Notes,
passim ; Arch. Soc. Trans., 197,
227, 230*, 232*, 233, 238, 241, 243*,
253, 274 ; Breviary, \%\n. ; Calen-
dars, 240* ; Chapter MS., xix«.,
230 ; Churchwardens' Accounts,
207, 208 ; College, in Oxford, 239 ;
Depositions, 231 ; Miscellaneous
Charters, 209, 256 ; Missal, 251 ;
Obituary Rolls, 209, 219, 222 ;
Wills and Inventories, Notes,
passim.
Durham and Beverley sanctuaries,
226, 227.
Dust, kept out of hoi}' water, 41.
Dymna, 133.
Eadbertus, S., 50?/., 132, 139.
Eadfridus, S., 140, 248.
Eadmundus, bishop of Durham, 54,
55. '43. 240, 243*.
Eadred, abbot of Carlisle, 64, 69,
247.
Eadredus, bishop of Durham, 54,
240, 243.
Eagle on book ot St. John Ev., 113.
E.agles on lecterns, 14, 206.
Ealdhune, see Aldhune.
Eardulph, bishop of Lindisfarne,
64*, 69, 142, 247.
Fail excommunicated, story of, 129.
Easby, see Agatha's, St.
East Angles, 129.
East gates, 84, 263.
East Saxons, 129*, 133, 142.
Easter, feast of, 17, 209, 276.
Easter, see Paschal.
322
INDEX.
Easter controversy, 128.
Easter Da}1, 12, 95, 203, 205.
Easter Even, ceremonial of, j 87—191 ,
201, 203.
Eata, abbot of Melrose and Lindis-
farne, afterwards bishop of Hex-
ham and Lindisfarne, 64, 131*,
136, 142, 285, 293 ; in mass vest-
ments, 48,
Ebba, St., 1 18, 291.
Ebchester, Rob., prior, 30, 53, 219 ;
Will., prior, 30, 53, 123, 219.
Ebdon, The, 298.
Ebor., Eboracum, see Breviary,
Missal, Processional, York.
Ecgfrith (Egfridus), king', 127, 131,
Eegredus, bishop of Lindisfarne,
gifts of, 142.
Edgar, king, 130.
Edgar, king of Scotland, 20, 21, 139.
Edinburgh, 24*, 203, 215.
Edlingham, 219, 290.
Edmund, St., archbishop or "bishop"
of Canterbury, 109, 121, 291 ; in
mass vestments, 48.
Edmundus frater Ethelstani, Rex,
137, 294* ; see Eadnuindus.
Edred, king, 130.
Edredus abbas, 142.
Edui (district of Autun), 133.
Edward the Elder, king, 137.
Edward the Confessor, St., body of,
284 ; shrine of, 196, 197.
Edward I, 20, 21, 284 ; II, 20, 21 ;
III, 20, 21, 214; VI, 69, 108, 231,
239, 288 ; Injunctions of, 201 ;
VII, .97-
Effigy called Hobb of l'elaw, 301.
Effrem, 135.
Egdunensis, 152, 295.
Egelwvn (or Ethehvin), bishop of
Durham, 56, 242.
Egerton, arms of, 159.
Egfridus, king ; see Ecgfrith.
Egfridus, S., 50;/.
Eggleston-on-Tees, 261.
Egidius, S., 134.
Egwinus, S., 131.
Egypt, 293 ; flight into, represented
in glass, 50, 236.
Egyptians, the light of the, 126.
Eider ducks, 198.
Eleanor, queen of England, 21*, 22.
Eldulphus (iEthewulf), king, 136.
Element, colour of, 40.
Elements, consecrated, buried with
the dead, 238.
Elemosinarii gromus, 146.
Elemosinarius, 145.
Elephant tooth, 94, 276.
Elfride, king, 50, 236.
Elfridus, a priest, 46, 234.
Elim (helym), 182.
Elinor (Helena), St., 122, 292.
Elison, Edm., 146.
Elizabeth, queen, 59, 161, 162, 217,
23 '. 239.
Ellacombe, Church Bells of Devon,
279-
Ellis and Brand, Popular Antiquities,
255. 287.
Elmden, Mr., 60, 246.
Elmeden, Leon., 144.
Elphegus, see Alphege.
Elstob, arms of, 255.
Eltham, 157, 243.
Elvet, 104 ; the part of the city of
Durham that lies on the left bank
of the river eastward ; bridge of,
141 ; do., and chapels thereon,
73- 253.
Ely (Hely), 130, 259, 282.
Ely, bishops of, see Eustace, Nor-
wold, Oxford, Thirlby ; Galilee
at, 230 ; Gent hall at, 271 ;
" Helle " at, 271 ; infirmary at,
271* ; liveries at, 247.
Embroidery on St. Cuthbert's ban-
ner, 26, 95, 277.
Emerald, the great, 102, 284.
Emperors, names of, 125.
Enaghdun, bishop of, see Thomas.
Enamelled work, 41.
Enarration of ceremonies, 106.
Enerration, 106 ; narration.
English lives of St. Cuthbert, 35,
223.
Enhegdunensis. 158, 295.
Entertainment, in guest hall, 89.
Entry, to porch and stable of
Almery, 91.
Epiphanius, S., 132.
Epistle, 8, 13, 205.
Epistle and Gospel sung from same
lectern, 205.
Epistoler, 8*, 9, 199, 302.
Epistoler and Gospeller abolished,
199.
Eraclius Rex Bulgarorum, 126.
Ercomwaldus, S., 130.
Ergadiensis, 152, 295.
Eslier work, 288.
Escutcheons, see Scutcheons.
Essen, candlestick at, 202.
Etheldreda, St., 282.
" Etheldredus " (Eadredus), bishop
of Durham, 243.
Ethelred of Rievaulx, 215.
Ethelredus Rex Merciorum, 125.
Ethel wald, king, 129.
Ethelwin, bishop ; see Egelwyn.
INDEX.
Bthelwold, St., bishop of Lindis-
farne, 50, 130, 140, 234, 24S, 293.
Euagi ins, S., 134.
Eucherius, S., 129.
Eugenius III, pope, 125.
Eugippus, S., 135.
Eure, arms of, 255.
Eusebian Canons, 248.
Eustace, bishop of Ely, 230.
Eutropius, S., 129.
Evangelists, " pictures " of, at foot
of Paschal, 10 ; on Neville's Cross,
-7- -''7-
Evangelistic symbols at corners of
tomb, 60 ; on St. Cuthbert's coffin,
285 ; on processional crosses, 201.
Evensong, vespers, 63, 94, 231, 268,
276 ; at 3 p.m., 87.
Evensong time, 83, 87.
Everdon, Silv. de, bishop of Carlisle,
151. '5-'-
Evesham, book of, 177/*., 257, 269,
274, 279 ; charnel at, 246 ; Maundy
at, 256, 257 ; servants at, 283.
Evidence, records of, 78.
Evidences, books of, 304 ; do., kept,
83, 84*, 263.
Ewer like unto a horse and rider,
81.
Exaltation of the Holy Cross, 283.
Exchequer, an office or business
room, 84, 263.
Exeter, bishops, see Brantyngham,
Cuiivil ; morning prayers at, 265.
Exorcism of palms, 180.
Expenses of work, 99.
Fabric, Indulgences for, 148.
Fabricius, Biblioth. Eccl., 234.
Fadowmed, 120, 291.
Fairford, windows at, 289.
Falderley, Tho., 146.
Falle, Preb. Ph., 159, 272.
Fallow, on chalices, 239.
Fannels, 10, 201 ; see Stooles.
Fanon, 221 ; see Phannell.
Farmery or Fermery, infirmary, 51,
52, 85, 88, 89, 91, 170, 237*, 259,
260, 268, 270', 355 ; master of, his
chamber, 89, 270 ; officers' cham-
bers in, 99, 100 ; passage to, 270,
303. There is a view of the west
side, as in 1801, in Carter, PI. iii.
Farmery, between the two Baileys,
or, without the south gates, 91, 92,
237, 273, 274 ; chapel of, 92.
Farmery school, 91*, 92.
Farmery fare satirized, 271.
Parn, Tho., 144, 147.
Fame Islands, 118, 131, 149, 198.
Parnham, Nich. de, bishop, 55, 148,
241, 243, 252* ; said to have
arched over the nave, 73, 252.
Farrar, Dr. A. S., 159, 296 ; dean
F. W., account of painted glass at
Canterbury by, 202.
Fast, on St. Mark's day, 104, 287.
Fasti Eboracenses, 215.
Fasting and prayer, 101, 283.
Father Smith, see Smith, Bern.
Faustus, S., 130.
Fawden yettes, fawlden yeattes,
93, 99, 275, 281 ; see Folden.
Feasey, H. J., Holy Week Cere-
monial, 255, 346, 354.
Feet, washing of, 77, 78, 79.
Feodarium, 294.
Feretory, feretor, fereture, feiriture,
feirture, (1) a feretory proper or
portable shrine, 63, 69, 247 ; (2)
the same, with the substructure
and the cover, together called
" the shrine," 67, 78, 94, 96, 250,
276 ; (3) the enclosure within the
Nine Altars, where the shrine
stood, 3*, 5, 7*, 19, 26, 35, 74, 94,
95, 196, 198, 302 ; banners set up
in, 95 ; chest in, for pipes of
banner-staff, 26 ; clerk of, 78, 94,
96*, 276 ; a light, 63, 247 ; master
and keeper of, 94, 96, 275, 276.
Feretrars' Rolls, 276, 288.
Ferial days, procession on, 186, 187.
Fermery, see Farmery.
Fides, St., 1 13, 1 14.
Figs, 101, 2S3, 2S4 ; do., and raisins,
89.
rinanus, S., bishop of Lindisfarne,
129, 133, 142.
Finchale, hermitage at, 252 ; inven-
tory of goods of, 197 ; MS. that
formerly belonged to, 197 ; Priors
of, see Stichell ; Priory of, 73,
149, 252 ; Surtees volume on, 252,
253-
Findon, 214.
Finney, Dr. Ja., 159.
Fire, blessing of, 185, 186, 187, 201 ;
in Common House, 88, 101, 270 ;
not allowed in Dorter, 51 ; signs
of, in Cathedral, 206 ; struck from
flint, etc., 185, 201.
Fire-place, 218 ; to the examples
given in the note, may be added
vestry fire-places at Hulne {Arcli.
Journal, xlvii, 116) and at St.
Peter Mancroft, Norwich {.\\>rf.
and Norw. Arch. Soc., xiv) ; in
south transept] 279.
Fire-places, 194, 218.
Firmarius, 145.
324
INDEX.
Fish, 259.
Flackets, 201.
Flambard, Ra., bishop, 55, 228, 241,
250, 251, 252 ; furthered the
building of the church, 73, 141 ;
said to have made a Dun Cow
74, 254 ; statue of, 93.
Flanders, builders from, 25.
Flashe, 28, 217.
Flass Bog-, street, and well, 217*.
Flemyng, Alan, brass of, 320.
Flesh meat, 259.
Fleury (Floriacum), 130 ; the O's at,
283.
Flight into Egypt, 50, 236.
Flint, etc., fire produced from, 185,
201.
Flodden field, 95M., 277.
Floor-piscina, 230.
Florenc, Joh., 145.
Floriacum (Fleury), 130.
Flour for obleys, 278.
Flowers, distribution of, 181.
Flowers of silk and gold, 26.
Flowers, 1 1 ; branches of the Paschal
candlestick probably terminating
in representations of flowers. Cf.
p. 202, last note. Also Test.
Ebor., vi, 97, " a great candle-
stick of latten with xv floures
or lightes thereto belonginge
(1540), and Test. Ebor., v, 128,
quoted in N.E. D. under Flower,
5. e.
Flower-beds, ornamental, 289.
Flower de luces, 15.
Flushing of privies, 266.
Folden gates, 99, 281.
Folding door, 37.
Font destroyed, 163, 206; in Galilee,
46' 235-
Footboard, 257.
For, 79 ; Durham for Fore.
Forcer, see Fossour.
Fordham, Joh., bishop, 213 (but it
does not appear that the bishop
of Durham confirmed the use of
the mitre, etc.).
Fordun, Scotichronicon, 215.
Fore hammer, 102, 284.
Fore part, 33, 40, 221 ; see Former
part.
Forester, 145.
Form or seat, long, between Rood
doors, 34, 114, 221, 290 ; long, for
Maundy, 77, 78, 256, 257.
Forme, Fourme, 77, 256 ; with
" form " in the sense of a long
seat, the N.E.D. compares the
Old French s'asseoir en forme, to
sit in a row or in fixed order.
Forms in quire, 175, 191; prostration
over, 175 ; long, for children in
Song-school, 62.
Former part, 20, 212; see Fore part.
Forster, Joh., 162, 164, 298.
Forth, river, 138.
Fosbrooke, British Monachism, 271.
Fossour, John, Prior, 23, 29, 165,
166, 214, 215, 227, 239, 300 ; body
of, found, 218 ; first prior buried
out of Centory garth, 53 ; works
of, in the Church, 218.
Foster, Ja., 146 ; Tho., 146 ; Will.,
100, 206.
Fothergill, Dr., 170.
Foundation stones, 55, 56, 67, 72,
241, 242.
Founders, prayers for, 98*.
Fountains abbey, founded by Thurs-
tan, 128 ; frater pulpit at, 260 ;
infirmary at, 271 ; indications of
canopy at, 226 ; lavatory at, 261 ;
lockers at, 195 ; Nine Altars at,
193 ; perpent walls at, 195 ; pro-
cessional stones at, 303 ; screens
and parclose at, 195.
Fountains in garden, 160, 297.
Foursquare plank for Paschal, 10,
202.
Fowler, C. Hodgson, 296 ; James,
on Tree of Jesse, 228 ; J. T.,
Durham Cathedral, 227 ; Will.,
engraving of glass by, 290.
Fox and geese, game of, 277.
Fox, Ric, bishop, 199, 259 ; of
Winchester, 193.
Foxe, Acts and Monuments, 246.
Frame, iron, for cressets, 3, 195.
Framwellgate, 104; the part of the
city of Durham that lies on the
left bank of the river westward ;
bridge of, 141 ; bridge end, 61.
France, Bishop Beaumont's arms of,
15 ; blood royal of, 15 ; builders
from, 25 ; great O pittances in,
270 ; king and queen of, 133, 134 ;
mode of ringing in, 224.
Franche (free), 198, see French peir.
Franciscans, 267.
Franciscus, S., 130.
Frankfort, 239.
Frater-house or Frater, 4, 79-82,
86, 87*, 170, 197, 257-260, 268, 303 ;
door from, to Covey, 274 ; keys
of, 94 ; master of, 93 ; plate in,
259 ; reading desk in, 82, 260 ;
subsidiary, 268 ; vaulting under,
259, 260. The identification of the
base of the frater pulpit, p. 260,
is hardly confirmed by subsequent
examination of the place. — Ed.
INDKX.
325
F rater house door, xx, 71)*, q^, j(>j,
269.
Fraterer, the keeper of the frater,
-75-
" Freanche woman,'' 26, 217.
Freestone tombstones, 60.
Freeman, K. A., Norman Conquest,
341 ; Old English History, 227 ;
William Rufus, 241, 242.
Freezing of water-pipe, 261.
Frelige,' 42, 227.
French peir, 5, 7, 8, 198.
French Peere, doors in, 302 ; see
Freanche.
Friars, 290.
Friday night, Jesus anthem on, 34,
220, 221.
Fridays, Jesus mass on, 32, 34, 220,
221.
Frideswide, St., shrine of, 196.
Fringe, gold, 13 ; red silk and gold,
of banner, 20.
Frock, a garment worn under the
Cowl, q.v., 97, 277.
Front, 1*, 193.
Frontals, 171*.
Frontispiece, 6; the Neville screen.
See Front.
pronto, S., 130.
Frosterley marble, 222, 241.
Fruits, dried, 284.
Fuel, 283.
Fulda, 127.
Fulgentius, S., 131.
Fuller, Tho., on dean Home, 240;
on Toby Matthew, 256.
Fullon, 137, 294.
Fulthorp, arms of, 255.
Funerals, 51, 32, 237; of bishops,
, 37- 243, 244. '
Furness, cresset at, 195.
Furniture, of Our Lady's Altar, 44.
Furthe, Durham for "forth," 33, 36.
Fyshake (gromus), 146, 294.
G. (Gale), R., 161*, 165, 168.
Gabriel, the Angel, 111*, 117, 122,
285 ; salutation o\\ 47.
Gainford, 142.
Gale, Rog., jun., 161, 297 ; Sam.,
297 ; Tho., dean of York, 297.
Galgala, 229.
Galilee, 42, 229. (For "person of
greatest dignity," p. 229, read,
" celebrant " 1.
Galilee, 38*, 42-51, 73, 96, 103*,
I36, 141, 152, 153, K.I, 194, 223,
22.S, 228-238, 263, 2<S(), 298;
almsbox in, 233 ; aumbries in,
193 ; begun at east end, 43, 229 ;
columns in, 220, 21,2 ; indulgence
for, 131 ; inscription in, 252;
inscriptions formerly in, 230 ;
naming of, 43, 22.S; organ in, 207 ;
paintings in, 2^xA : procession in,
,?03, 3°.V'"- ; pulley in, 233 ;
sermon in, 39, 46, 224 ; synod in,
210 ; well-house of, 232 ; work of
Bishop Langley in, 49 ; why so
called, 43, 229 ; why at west end,
43, 229; windows in, 47-51, 235-
^37-
Galilee bell, 41, 165, 166*, 227;
bells, 34, 222; door, 39, 41, 42;
door, north, in end of church, 1 10;
door, south, in end of church, 1 1 1 ;
steeple, 38, 39, 165, 166.
Galilees, monastic, 230.
Gallery, the bishop's throne, 210;
modern, 209 ; outside steeple, 93 ;
stone, oi window, 31 ; within
steeple, 92.
Galloway, bishop of, 148 ; bishops
of, see Daltown, Gilbert, Henry.
Galwathia, 148, 295.
Games, indoor, 277.
Garden of Common House, 88, 270.
Gardener (ortulanus), 146.
Gardens, 160, 296, 297.
Garderobes, 296, 297.
Gargrave, Sir Tho., 294.
Garhc, 283.
Garmundisway, 137.
Garner, 160.
Garners, keeper or master of, 100,
281, 282 : his chamber, 100 ;
checker, ib.
Gasquet, F. A., Henry VIII, etc.,
284.
Gate of church garth, 37 ; at Windy
Gap, 288.
Gateshead, 55, 163, 243 ; bishop
Walcher slain at, 140.
Gaufridus Rufus, bishop, 55, 241,
252.
Gavanti, Comment, in Rubricas
Breviarii, 268.
Gedworth (Jedburgh), 142.
Generosi, liveries o\\ 144, 147.
Geneva, Puritans at, 169, 216, 217.
Geneva Gang, 169.
Genoa, Rede honoured at, 234.
Gent Hall, at Ely, 271.
Gentlemen buried in Centry garth,
59 ; four ancient, bearing canopy,
13, 205 ; sent their evidences to
the Treasury, S4 ; the Prior's,
90.
Gentlewomen, their pew, and their
misbehaviour therein, 18, 201).
Geometrical tracery, 231.
George I, xiii.
326 INDEX.
George, St., 1 10, 116; arms of, 116,
290.
Gerard, Sir Gilbert, xiii.
German, prior, 255.
Germainis, S., 129, 131.
Gerona (Gerunda), 130.
Gerunda (Gerona), 130.
Gesta Abbatum S. Albani, 269.
Giant's Carole, 262.
Gilbert, bishop of Galloway, 151*,
Gilding, 2, 5, 17, 20, 195 ; of mazers,
80, 81 ; under open carved work,
80 ; and painting of image of
St. Cuthbert, 68 ; and colour in
wall-paintings, 80.
Giles (Egidius), St., 112, 134, 290.
Giles, St., church of, 231.
Gilesgate, 227, 274.
Gimmers, 30, 33.
Girdle, of albe, 221 ; for banner, 96,
277.
Giruense monasterium (Jarrow),
136.
Gisborne, Mr., 159.
Gisla Saga, 237.
Glasgow, 132 ; bishop ot\ 148 ;
bishops of, see Bondington, Ken-
tigern ; bishops of, rural palace of,
Glazing in north alley of cloister, 83,
262.
Glass, description of histories in,
211 ; use of, first introduced, 135 ;
white, 262 ; with imagery, broken,
47-
Glass, a, for the viewers, 106.
Glastonbury, 130.
Globe in hand of God represented
in glass, 47, 1 14.
Gloss, interlinear, 24S.
Gloucester, bishop Edmund trans-
lated from, 55, 243.
Gloucester, bishops of, see War-
burton ; carrels at, 262 ; chime at,
225 ; College of, in Oxford, 278 ;
fox and geese at, 277 ; infirmary
at, 271 ; lavatory at, 261, 262 ; no
great shrine at, 196 ; relic-
cupboard at, 193 ; towel-ambries
at, 262.
Gloves for baking obleys, 279.
God Almighty, pictures of, 47, 112,
114, 1)6, 121, 122*; with Christ in
His arms, 122.
God the Father, image of, 219;
picture of, 110, 290 ; with Christ
in His arms, 1 14.
Godric, St., 73, 252, 253.
Godfridus, S., 50.
Godwin, Catalogue of Bishops, 240,
3-*°, 347-
Gold, cloth ot, cope of, 105, 106 ;
lions of, on robe, 106* ; met wand
of, 102, 285 ; offered, 94, 276 ;
processional cross and staff of,
105 ; and precious stones on book
cover, 65, 70, 248, 249.
Goldsmith, 102, 284.
Goldsmith's work, 9, 10, 200.
Good Friday, 11, 12, 30, 204, 205,
219.
Googe, Barnabe, 287.
Gospatricus comes, 239.
Gospel, 8, 13, 205 ; exposition of,
207 ; lights at, 182 ; reading of,
179, 182 ; of St. John, St. Culh-
bert's copy of, 250.
Gospels, book ot, laid on great
Altar, 73 ; book of, that fell into
the sea, 65, 67, 70, 73, 248, 249,
250 ; how and when sung in Holy
Week, 204 ; Lindisfarne, 248 ;
text of, censed, 182.
Gospel ambo, 202 ; desk, censed,
^ 179, 182.
Gospeller, 8*, 9, 199, 302.
Gostling, walk in Canterbury, 3037/.
Gough, R., ed. of Camden, 303^.
Gough MSS., xii, 161, 278.
Grace said, 82, 93.
Grace cup, 80, 258.
Gracianus de Tuscia, 135.
Gradus pavimenti, 182, 187.
Grail, the Gradual or book of
anliphons sung at the steps of the
altar, between the Epistle and
Gospel ; used in teaching of
children, 231.
Grammar school, Langley's, 44 ;
the present, 233, 246.
Granator, see Garners.
Granarius (gromus), 146.
Granary, 159.
Grancolas, Comment, in Romanian
Breviarium, 238, 279.
Granetarius, see Garners.
Grant, Old and New Edinburgh,
_ -'5-
Grantham, crypt at, 246.
Grassplal, 270.
Grate, 42, 227 ; an iron grille or
railing; of prison of S. J. B. , 113;
of prison of St. Katherine, 119;
of Sanctuary, 41, 42, 226, 227.
Grates of Neville porch, 40, 226,
337 ; to relic-cupboards, 193.
Graves, making of, 52, 239.
Grave-covers, earl)-, 246, 274.
Gravestones, removed to Abbey
INDEX.
327
yard, 62, 246 ; taken from Centry
garth, 61, 24b.
Gray, Dr. Rd., 160 ; Tho., 284 ; see
Grey.
Graystanes, Rob. de, 242, 252, 269,
297.
Great, 83, grate.
Great cellar, 265.
Great or more kirk, 66, 67, 72, 249*,
-'50, 251.
Greatham hospital, 55, 78, 166,
marg., 225, 256, 304.
Greece, 87, 269 ; to Cellarer's
checker, 99, 281 ; to Dean's hall,
99, 284 ; see Grees.
Greece foot, 87, 269.
Greeces to Ahnery, 91, 273.
Greeke, Mr., xix«.
Green church, 228.
Green cloth on table, 84*.
Green, Mr., 97, 278.
Greenfield, Will., archbishop of
York, 157*.
Greenwell, Rev. W., xxi, 2^2, 290 ;
Durham Cathedral, Notes, passim ;
notes formerly in possession of,
207.
Greenwich, 231.
Grees, 10, 202.
Greggs, Joh., 298 ; Will., 162, 298.
Gregory, the Great, St., 16, 112,
1 15, 120. 124, 287.
Gregory VII (Hildebrand), pope,
7-> ' 2.v
Gregory Nazianzen, 133.
Grey, Hon. Anchitel, 160, 297.
Grey, Walter, archbishop of York,
148. 253.
Greystock, arms of, 255.
Gridiron with St. Lawrence, 119.
Griffin's claw, i(>7, 301.
Grigg, Will., 162, 298.
Gromi (thirty different, liveries of),
146, 147.
Gromus, 146, 294.
Gromus popinse, 294.
Grose, Antiquities, 218, 256.
Grosteste, Rob., bishop of Lincoln,
148.
Grove, Dictionary of Music, 204.
Guest chambers, 99, 281.
Guest hall, 89, 90, 99, 159*, 268, 272,
273, 296, 355 ; bells east in, 166 ;
cellarage under, 272.
Guestmaster, 275.
Guiding rods foi- shrine covers, 103,
^ 2S7. '-
Guignard, 255.
Guilted, 2, gilded. So in Test.
Ebor., vi, 107, "a dussen silver
spoones with thappostles gilted of
ther endes " ( 1540).
Guthlaeus, S., 136.
Guthred, king, 42, 50, 139, 227, 236,
293-
Gymres, 33, gimmers or hinges.
Hackett, Rob., 194.
1 [agerston, Rail., 144.
Haggitt, Dr., 160.
Halden, king of Danes, 64.
Halistan, 149.
Haliwerfolk, 236, 247.
Hall, A., xviii ; John, xv ; Jonathan,
170.
Halliwell, Glossary, 249.
Hallow Thursday, 105 ; Ascension
day.
Hallowing of holy water, 38*, 224.
Hamilton, Geo. Hans, archdeacon
of Northumberland, 296.
Hampshire Record Society, 275.
Hangings, see Curtains.
Hansard, arms of, 255.
Hardbrecins, 76, 254.
Harleian, see Manuscripts.
Harley, Lord, library of, 161.
Harness (joints), 13, 206.
Harold, king of England, 20, 21.
Harpsfield, Nic, Hist. Eccl. Angl.,
284, 286.
Harrison, John, 166.
Harswell, xi.
Hart, wild, legend of, 24, 215.
Hartburne, Sir Rob., 91, 92, 274.
Hart well, Dr., 160.
Harvy, Dr., 69, 108, 251, 288.
Haslerigge, Sir Arth., 14, 206.
Hasta, bearer of, 185, 187 ; candles
on, 186, 20}.
Haswell, 252'.
Hatfield (Yks.), crypt at, 246.
Hatfield, Tho. tie, bishop, 19, 59,
210, 211, 214, 215, 243, 245, 277,
291 ; arms of, 19, 211 ; tomb of, 19,
210, 211* ; do., arms on, 255.
Halhbrande, prior of Canterbury,
270.
Haugh, 279.
Haugustald. (Hexham), 127, 131.
Hay, 281.
Head of St. Aidan, 288; of St.
Ceolwulf, 126 ; of St. Oswald, 49,
236.
Headon, 341 .
Hearne's Collections, 289, 297.
Heart-burial, 242.
Hebdomadarius, 185, 187.
Hegg, Stephen, Legend of St.
Cuthbert, ix, 200, 249.
!28
INDEX.
Helena, St. (miscalled Elinor), 122,
292 ; altar of, 292 ; chapel of, 122,
222, 263.
Helenns, S., 129.
Helinandus, 136.
Heliopolis, 129.
Hell, chamber called, 271.
Hell-shoon, 237.
Helmet, crowned, of bishop Lang-
ley, 1 19.
Hemingburgh, 137, 195.
Hemmingbrough, John, prior, 30,
S3, i66«., 219.
Hendle or Henley, Dr., 102*, 103,
284.
Henry, bishop of Galloway, 153,
154-
Henry I, 21, 22, 138 ; II, 20, 21, 241 ;
III,' 21*, 161, 243, 289 ; IV, V, 20,
21 ; VI, xviii, 49, 123, 212, 236;
his pilgrimage to Durham, 122,
292 ; VII, 222 ; VIII, 39, 95, 102,
103, 224, 231, 233, 251.
Henshaw, Will., 299.
Hensman, W., xv,
Henwick Hill, 261.
Her, said of a bell, 165.
Heraclides, S., 131.
Herald and Genealogist, 290, 291.
Heralds' College, drawing at, 206 ;
Dugdale's notes at, 255, 290.
Herbs in lieu of spices, 283.
Herculianns, S., 129.
Hereford, candlestick at, 202 ; fire-
place at, 218.
Hemes (harness), 13, 206.
Herod, pursuit by, 50, 236.
Heron, arms of, 255.
Herrings at Maundy, 78, 79.
Heseltine, Ja., 298.
Hessett, pix-cloth at, 199.
Heugh, 279.
Hexham (Augustald., Haugustald.),
127, 131, 149; bishops of, ix, see
Eata ; lavatory at, 261 ; relics of
St. Eata at, 142.
Heywood, dean of Lichfield, 220.
Higden, Ralph, 293.
" High Altar," use of term, 196.
High Mass, 276, 280.
Hii (lona), 132, 133, 141.
Hildebert, king, 133.
Hildebrandus, pope, 125.
Hildefonsus, S., 128.
Hillarius, S., 127.
Hilton, arms of, 255.
Hind at feet of St. Giles, 112, 290.
Hing, Durham for "hang."
Hingeston-Randolph, F. C, 2S2.
Hispala (Seville), 127.
Historia Aurea, 130, 134, 293.
Historia de S. Cuthberto, 227 ;
Monasterii S. Petri Gloucestr.,
.225- .
Historise Recapitulatio, 227.
Histories, in Glass Windows, 109-
122, 288-292.
History, the Antient, 7, 45, 198, 233,
3°4-
History of the church, 106, 288, 304*.
History of the church at large, 4, 6,
57. 58>.'97. -44. 288, 304; of the
monastical church, 49, 236, 304.
Hob of Pelaw, or, Hobby Pellel,
169, 301.
Hodgson, J. F., 253.
Hog'g, John, and T. J., x.
Hogshead of wine in Common-
house, 101.
Hogsheads of wine, 99, 281.
Holland, Hugo, 144.
Hollar, his view of interior of Ca-
thedral, 299.
Holm in Spaldingmore, xi.
Holy bread, 231.
Holy Cross, 215.
Holy days, 98 ; and Fridays, mass
on, 92.
Holy Ghost overshadowing B.V.M.,
pictures of, 47, 122.
Holy Island, xvii, 42M., 63, 64, 67,
69*, 72, 149, 228 ; St. Peter's
church in, 63, 69 ; see Lindis-
farne.
Holy men's works, S3, 263, 304.
Holy Rood, miracle of, 24, 215 ;
taken, 25, 215.
Holy Rood Day, 24.
Holyrood, abbey of, 24, 215.
Holyrood house, 18, 19, 24, 210, 215.
Holy Thursday, procession on, 105,
106.
Holy water, 172, 174, 179, 182, 213,
231 ; bearer of, 179, 185, 187 ;
blessing of, 172, 179, 182 ; font or
fat of silver for, 13, 205; hallow-
ing of, 22, 213 ; sprinkled on the
new fire, 186, 187 ; sprinkling
with, 172, 174, 179, 181, 182.
Holy water stone, 35, 40, 226 ;
protected from dust, 41.
Holy water stones, 22, 37, 38*, 60,
61, 62, 167, 213, 223, 224, 246;
drains in, 61, 246; screens over,
38, 40, 224, 226.
Holy Week, 204, 255.
Homors, the, 273 ; see Meist'omers.
Honoratus, S., 127.
Honorius, S., 128.
Hooks tor shrine, 276.
INDEX.
329
Hope, R. C, -'87 ; W. II. St. John,
XX, xxi, 2(>o, :W), 208, 270, jS(>,
302 ; on Fountains Abbey, over-
print, 195*, 221, original paper,
jj(>, 230 ; on mazers, 258 ; oi\ the
Sunday Procession, 302.
Hope and Fallow, on chalices, 239.
Hopkins and Rimbault, on The
Organ, 299.
1 lorace, 203.
Horn blown bv St. Oswald, 1 1 S,
socket of, for banner, 96,
291.
Horn,
-77-
Home, Rob., dean, 288 ; broke up
Corpus Christi shrine with his feet,
69, 2S8 ; broke up glass pictures
of St. Cuthbert, 77 ; converted
lead, etc., to his own use, 68,
75 ; an eager reformer, 54, 239 ;
"a great villain," 169, 170; his
hatred of ancient monuments,
69. 77-
Horses of deceased bishop due to
prior and monks, 57, 244.
Horses, provender for, 100, 281.
Horseback, men upon, representa-
tion of, 10.
Horse-couper, 294.
Horse-shoeing, and shoes, 282.
Hospital of St. Mary Magdalene,
280.
Host, the blessed, conspicuous
through crystal, 12.
Hosts, 194, 279.
Hostillarius, 145, 264, 272.
Hostillar, three gromi of, 146.
1 lostillars' rolls, 281.
Hoton, Ric. de, prior, 277.
Hough, le, 279.
1 loughal, 219, 290.
I loughton-le-Spring, 249.
Houseling irons, 33S.
Howden, 141, 241, 243*.
Howdenshire, 137, 141.
Howghells Altar, 113, 290.
Hucher, Vitraux Peints, 202.
1 ludspeth, Job., 145.
Hugh, abbot of St, Albans, 269.
Hullocke, 76.
Hulne, courts at, 190 ; fireplace at,
'94. 323-
Hunredus, 65, 70.
Hunt, dean, 162, 220.
Hunter, Dr., xiv, xvii, xviii, xix, II,
1O7 ; additions by, 203, jiq, 269,
272; his editions of Rites, x\ii,
xviii, 159m., 258*, 289; do., trans-
positions in, 274 ; notes of dates
by, 69-72, 251.
Hunter MSS., x, xi, xiii, xvii.
Hutchinson, Ric, 1(12, 164, 2<)S.
Hutchinson, \\\, 1 1 i story of Durham,
x, xii, [59/1.1 218, 230, 240, 253*,
*55i J5°> J(,()' -'74- -75- -'Hs> 3OI<
Hyde Park, 201.
Hymns Ancient and Modern, 204.
Hymns, on Gooil Friday, 12, 204.
Ibex, horn of, 27b, 301.
lies, Mr., and Brien, x.
Image, containing the blessed host,
12, 13 ; of Our Lady oi Bolton,
30; oi the Resurrection, 12, 13,
205 ; of Christ, within that of Our
Lady of Bolton, 30, 219; of stone
or marble, of St. Cuthbert, 68,
74. 75-
Imbroidered, 80, 258.
Imprisonment, 89, 271.
Imps on bell ropes, 224.
Incense, blessing of, 185; for censing
candles, 174 ; Gospel book, 182 ;
palms, 181.
Incense-boats, 201.
Incessanly, 52; Durham for "in-
cessantly."
Incest, 36 ; unchastity generally.
Indon, 137, 294.
Indulgences, xix, 148-158, 226, 295.
Infangenthef, 294 ; "jurisdiction
over a thief caught within the
limit of the estate to which the
right belonged." — Stubbs.
Infirm monks, 221.
Infirmarer, 275.
Infirmarer s chamber, 267.
Infirmary, monastic, plan of, 271 ;
see Farmery.
Infirmilorium sscularium, 273.
Inner, 137, 294.
I. N.R.I, over head of Christ, 1 14.
Inscriptions beneath figures, 124
136, 212, 292, 293; in windows,
109-122.
Insula, Rob. de, bishop, 55, 207,
242» .243-
Interdict, 46, 235.
Introit (Office), 8, 200.
In under (hyphened in MS. C), 34,
62", 87, yi*, 96 ; " In and under,"
pronounced as one word " inan-
under," is the common Durham
equivalent of " under."
Invention of the Holy Cross, 283.
Inventory of chapel, xx, 171.
Inventories of church goods, 233.
Iona ( Hii), 132, 133, 141.
Ireland, intended removal of body
of St. Cuthbert to, O5, 70 ; kings
of, 63.
INDEX.
Irish legend of St. Cutlibert, 247 ;
lives of St. Cutlibert, 35, 223* ;
names of St. Cuthbert, 76.
Iron, loop of, 4, 6, 198 ; slots of, for
door, 84.
Irons, for canopy, 8, 199 ; marks
and holes of, 199 ; offering's hung
on, 5 ; relics hung' on, 5 ; round
bishop Skirlawe's tomb, 18, 209 ;
to fasten images, 19 ; to guide
cover of St. Bede's shrine, 103,
287 ; the, used to support banners,
6, 198 ; towards Nine Altars, 6 ;
two, for pix canopy, 8.
Iron bars to hold by, 46 ; or iron-
bound chest, 73, 252 ; churches,
249 ; fastenings of Neville's Cross,
27 ; grate round Hatfield's altar,
19, 211 ; do., round Skirlawe's
tomb, 18, 209 ; do., and door in
Treasury, 83, 84*, 263 ; grates of
Neville porch, 40, 226 ; pikes on
doors, 23^ 221 > pikes on trellis,
37 ; pulpit, 46, 235 ; rail, to Loft
stairs, 87 ; rails in frater, 82 ;
wands for curtains, 7, 198, 199.
Is, Durham for "are," 116.
Isidorus Hispalensis, S., 134, 255.
Islets frequented by SS. Cuthbert
and Eadbert, 132.
Italy, sacristy altars in, 212.
Ivory squared table, 84*, 263.
Jacobus, S. (cognomine Sapiens),
132.
Jacson, Will., 146.
Jail, chaplain of, 297.
James, St., 110, 116, 117 ; chapel of,
on Elvet Bridge, 253 ; hospital of,
at Northallerton, 253.
James I, 162*.
James, Will., 160.
James, Will., bishop, 243.
Janitor, 145.
Jarrow, 135, 136, 138, 140, 141, 149;
monks of, 67, 72 ; St. Bede's
bones brought from, 46, 234, 287.
Jedburgh (Gedworth), 142.
Jerome, St., 16, 112, 120, 124*, 229;
his version of the Gospels, 248.
Jerrard, Sir Gilbert, xiii.
Jerusalem, Patriarch of, 2, 58, 156,
244.
Jesse window at west end of church,
42, 228 ; in chapter-house, 56,
243-
Jesus, name ot, 16 ; do., crowned,
171.
Jesus Altar, see Altar ; anthem,
34, 220, 221, 222 ; mass, 32, 34,
40, 207, 220, 221, 222*; mills, 222.
Jewels, 4, 5, 6, 10, 17, 94, 102, J03,
106*, 284, 288 ; offered, 94, 276 ;
taken at battle of Durham, 25 ;
white damask beset with, 7.
Johannes (archicantor), S., 134 ;
S., Damascenus, 134, 292 ; S.
(Gerund. Ep. ), 130 ; S. (monachus
Egypcius), 135 ; Scotus, 135.
John Baptist, St., m*, 113*, 114,
117, 120*; Evangelist, St., 109,
hi*, 112, 113, 114, 116, 117*;
Gospel according to, 182 ; symbol
of, 285 ; of Beverley, St., arch-
bishop of York, 136; king, 20, 21 ;
bishop of Connor, 157; prior, 171.
Joints (of silver, in a mazer), 80,
258.
Jonson, Cuthb., 209.
Jordan, the river, 120.
Jordan, Abraham, the organ-builder,
300.
Joseph, husband of Mary, figure of,
236 ; S. (monachus Egypcius),
*34-
Josaphat Rex Indorum, 125, 292.
Judaizing movement in twelfth
century, 202.
Judas cup, 80, 258.
Judas of the Paschal, Judases, 203.
Julian, John, Dictionary of Hymno-
logy, 204*.
Justus, S., 127.
Juvenal, 263.
Kanutus (Cnut), king, 137.
Karilephus, S. ; see Carilef.
Karolomannus Rex Francorum,
I2S' .
Katherine, St., 2, 3, 6, 109, 112, 113,
115, 1 19, 195, 289, 290, 291 ; queen
of England, 20, 21 ; wife of dean
Whittingham, 26, 61, 62, 217.
Katherine wheel, 195.
Kaye Collection, British Museum,
^2i8, 227, 252, 253, 256*, 258.
Keith, Rob., Historical Catalogue of
Scottish bishops, 295.
Kellow, Ric. de, bishop, 55, 242,
243 5 Register of, 253.
Kelsey, Helias, 146.
Kennett, White, bishop of Peter-
borough, 297.
Kensington, 301.
Kentegernus, S., 132.
Kepier, 91, 92 ; hospital of, 141.
Kerry, St. Laurence's, Reading,
341-
Key of towels for each monk, 79.
Keys delivered up at 7 a.m., 94 ; to
the Supprior, 86 ; kept by Sup-
INDKX.
331
prior, 03 ; of the shrine, 94" ;
with St. Peter, 1 ib.
Keyhole, concealed, Si.
Keyne, Humfrey, 300.
Keyser, ow Mural Decorations, 233.
Kidwelly, xiv, xv.
Killinghal, Wen., 144.
Killne; 39, 100 ; the malt kiln.
Kiln, men of, 39.
Kimblesworth, chapel at, 91, 9-,
274, 21)5 ; rectory of, 274.
Kindred or kindness regarded, 51,
King', picture of, 122.
King's chamber, 90, 27 J, 281.
King's daughter, legend of, 36, 223,
J-"s-
King's Head, sign of, in West-
minster Hall, xv.
Kind's Scholars' vestry, 263.
Kings, gifts of, to the church of St. j
Cuthbert, 137 139; images of, at
quire door, 137 139, ^93", nanus
of, 125, 137; princes and queens,
gifts of, 5, 106" ; and queens,
pictures of, 20, 21, 212; three holy
(English), 50, 236.
Kingsgate, 246.
Kirkeby, John de, bishop of Carlisle,
'57-
Kirkeman, Tho., 147.
Kirkham, lavatory at, 261.
Kirkham, Walt, de, bishop, 55, 152,
241, 243.
Kirkstall, rere-dorter at, 2bb.
Kissing of feet ai Maundy, 78, 79.
Kitchen, the great, or Prior's, now
the Dean's, 81, 82, 170, 259, 260;
coalgarth of, 99 ; officers' meat
served from, qS, 99 ; served the
guest-hall, 90 ; served both the
Trior and the whole convent, 87*,
268; men of the, 39 ; window of,
92, 274.
Kitchen, at the Castle, 239; one
made by Stephen Marley, 91 ; of
Petty Canons, 2bo.
Kitchens, smaller, 2b8.
Kitchin, G. W., dean, xxi ; his
edition of Winchester Consuetu-
dinary, 283 ; of Rolls, 273, 283.
Kneis, Kneys, 34, 32, 238.
Knight, 144.
Knights' chamber, 281.
Knighton quoted, 214.
Knocker, the, 227.
Knocking for Sanctuary, 41.
Knops (knobs at tops of tassels) and
tassels of gold, 8.
Knops of — i 1 v er, 26 ; knobs at ends ot
cross-bar of banner.
Knoppe, 37 ; the bulbous ov poly-
gonal projection in the middle of
the stem of a chalice, standing
cup, candlestick, or the like.
Knots, 10 ; devices in metal work.
Knots in coloured glass, 110, 111,
113, 1 ib", 1 17, 289.
Knowlede, 39 ; tolled.
Knox, John, 21b.
Kyme, arms of, 233.
Kynaston, Dr., 29b.
Kyrie ami Credo, composed by Mr.
Brimley, 231.
Ladv surprised at her devotions,
168.
Lady, our blessed, 47, 109"', no*,
in*, 114*, 113, 117, 119*, 120,
122, 283; arms of (heraldic), 1 16,
170, 290 ; with Christ, 42, 56, 109,
no, 112, 113, 114, 115*, 116, 117,
228; platting her hands, 117;
salutation to, 1 17, 1 19.
Lady Chapel, 42, 43, 73 ; term
wrongly applied, 193 ; usual
place for, 229; see Galilee, Mary.
Lambe's shop, the blacksmith, 61,
Lamberton, \\ ill., bishop ot St.
Andrews, 153.
Lambertus, S., 130.
Lambeth, and church of, 59, 245.
Lambeth MSS., 277 ; do., Dur-
ham MS. among, 293.
Lambley, 149.
Lancashire, bellfounder from, 106,
300.
Lancet windows, Perpendicular
tracery in, 291.
Lanchester, xiv.
Landal, Will., archbishop of St.
Andrews, 23.
Landerers, bo; laundresses.
Lanereost, Chron. de, 207.
Lanfranc, St., archbishop of Canter-
bury, 127, 233, 2b9, 273, 27S ;
Constitutions of, 194, 237, 2(17,
280 ; on privy search, 2bb, 207 ;
on returning books, 263.
Langforth, Rob., 144, 143.
Langholm, proclamation at, 196.
Langland, Piers Plowman, 271.
Langley, Tho., bishop, 44 , 44"., 39,
1 ic), 231, 244, 243, 2c>8 ; alterations
by, in Galilee, 41) ; arms of, 44, 49,
110, 118, 119, 232, 233; benefac-
tions of, 75, 70, 234 ; Langley
" built anew " the Galilee, 44,
232* ; built a registry, 231 ;
chantries of, 49, 230, 232 ; figures
of, in glass, 49, no; preferments
INDEX.
of, 231 ; procured a privilege,
46, 235 ; schools of, 232, 233 ;
tomb of, 44, 252 ; will of, 232 ;
work ot\ in the Galilee, 44, 230,
231, 232*, 235.
Lantern, 20-23, 30-32, 37, 109, 195,
214, 225, 226, 300; alleys of, 1 1 1 —
114 ; belfry in, 165, 166, 300 ; bells
hung' in, 39 ; pictures in, 20.
Lantern, bearer of, 185, 187 ; candle
in, 186, 187.
Lantren, properly, the lantern or
central tower, but the walk from
one end of the transept to the
other is called " the allei of the
Lantrene," and the south end of
the transept is called " the south
angle of the Lantren."
Laodicea, bishops, see Nottingham.
Laordose, 7, 198.
Lapidaries, 102, 103.
Lapide, Cornelius a, 269.
Lapsley, County Palatine of Dur-
ham, 254.
L'Arbresle, 242, 243.
Lardaria carnium, 145.
L'Ardoise, 161.
Lasting-ham, 50, 129.
Lathamus, 146, 295.
Latimer, arms of, 255.
Latin spoken, 103.
Latone, 171 ; latten, a kind of brass.
Latrine in a prison, 243.
Latrines, 296, 297 ; in Lying-house,
271.
Latten, 10, 171*, 203; see Latone.
Laudocensis, 153, 295.
Lauds, 267, 276.
Laurence, St., 114, 119*, 127.
Laurence the latoner, 262.
Lavatory, xx, 185, 187 (see Laver) ;
do., Norman, 261.
Lavatory basin, xx, 261.
Lavatories, monastic, 261.
Laver or Conduit, 82, 261.
Lawn, fine, for pix, 8, 199.
Lawson, Sir Henry. Bart., xii ; Sir
John, Bart., xii, xiv.
Lawson MS., xii*, xvi.
La)' clerks' vestry, 263.
Layman, first to be buried within the
church, and why admitted, 58,
244.
Laymen, provisions for, 221, 222.
Lead over tomb of St. Cuthbert in
cloisters, 68, 75 ; stars of, 19 ;
and solder, in Neville's Cross, 27,
28*.
Lead covering of top of Nevilles
Cross, 28; roof of frater, 81 ; roof
of laver, 82, 261, 262.
Leaden cross, 227.
Leander, S., 127.
Leathering-, q8, 279.
Leaven, a, 82, eleven.
Leaves, of doorway, ^3' 221 ; of
organs, 16, 207 ; of triptych, 33,
221.
Lectern adjoining organ, 16, 207 ;
covering for, 205 ; for Epistles
and Gospels, 13 ; for legends,
14 ; made in 1586, 206.
Lecterns of brass, 13, 14, 205 ; sold,
14.
Lectionaries, 234.
Lector ewangelii, 179.
Lee, Dr., 102, 284.
Lees, Mr., 195.
Legenda Aurea, 195, 234*, 236, 289,
290, 291.
Legends, sung at eagle lectern, 14.
Legg, Dr. J. Wickham, xx, xxi ;
Principles of Prayer Book, 201*,
268.
Legg and Hope, Inventories, Notes
passim.
Legh, Dr., 284.
Leicester, Guild at, 208.
Leigh, Will., 146.
Leland, Collectanea, 252 ; Itinerary,
347-
Le Mans (Cenomanum), 133 ; glass
at, 202.
Lent, books returned and re-issued
in, 263 ; St. Cuthbert's day in, 79,
81, 259 ; spices, etc., against, 101.
Leodegarius, S., 133.
Leonard, St., 114, 117, 133, 290,
291, 296.
Leonard, S., priory of, 139.
Leonard, Mark, 167.
Lerins (Lirinum), 130.
Lessons, nine, or twelve, 207 ; on
Easter Even, 188.
Letten down, Durham for " let
down," 96, 103.
Lettern, see Lectern.
Letters, gilded, 17 ; to guide singers
of Passion, 204.
Lewannick, cressets at, 195.
Lewen, a burgess, 253.
Lewes, rere-dorter at, 266.
Lex Cuthberti, 137, 293.
Lex pacis, 227.
Ley, Dr., 284.
Libellus de ortu S. Cuthberti, 223*,
■254-
Liber Evesham., 255 ; de Exordio,
131, 136; de Fundacione Eccl.
Dunelm., 126, 293* ; de Reliquiis,
197, 276.
Liber Vita;, 16, 195, 208, 240, 304.
INDEX.
333
Liberatura Specialis, 144-147, 204,
195.
Liberties, etc., confirmed, 138*.
Libraria interior, 263.
Librarian's room, j(.k), 296.
Library, 31, 51, 220", 238; of Dean
ami Chapter (Cathedral), 170, 257,
360, 263, 285, 286 ; New, 26b, 2(17 ;
to study in, S3.
Lichfield, 50, 129, 133; bishops of,
see Cedda, Skirlaw ; deans, see
Heywood ; earls of, 250 ; Jesus
anthem at, 221.
Lidgate, 170, 288.
Lie, J4, 72, 83, 98 ; Durham for
"lay."
Lie them forth, 98 ; put them out.
Liege, English College at, 250.
Liv^ht at birth, usual in legends, 254.
Lighting of church, 97 ; of cressets,
22, 2l3.
Lights, appertaining to banners,
107, 108 ; to banish demons, 269 ;
on festivals, 201 ; kindled, 191.
Light foot, J. B., bishop, 300.
Likyate, 288.
Lily, before B.V.M., 119.
Lily pot, with B.Y.M., 122.
Lime, pictures appear through, 80.
Lincoln, bishops of, see Barlow,
Grosteste, Smyth ; black book
of, 203 ; candle-basins at, 202 ;
candlestick at, 202 ; Easter
sepulchre at, 204 ; fireplace at,
218 ; Galilee at, 230 ; Henry VI
at, 123; Jesus mass at, 220;
Maundy at, 236 ; perpent walls
at, 195 ; processional stones at,
303 ; stone with Cantate hie
at, 206 ; Texts kissed at, 200 ;
vestry at, 21S ; vestry altar at,
212.
Lincoln Diocesan Magazine, 220.
Lincolnshire, candlesticks in, 201 ;
Easter sepulchres in, 204.
Lincy woncy, linsey-woolsey, linen
and wool woven together, too,
282.
Lindisfarne, 49, 50*, 126, 127*, 129*,
131*. '32*. 133. «38> 139*. '4°,
142*, 248 ; bishops of, ix, 48, 54 ;
see Eardulph. Eata, Ecgredus,
Ethelwold, Pinanus ; mother of all
churches and monasteries of
Bernicii, 133 ; Priory of, 24S ;
Priors of, see Sparke ; use of,
140.
Lindisfarne Gospels, 24S.
Linen, never worn by novices or
monks, 100, 282, 283.
Linen pattern, 193.
Lion, ied, under feel of Si. George,
1 10.
Lions, heraldic, 15.
Lirinum ( Lerins), 130.
Litany, chorus to bow at Saints'
names in, cantors not, 191 ; how
sung on Easier Even, 190 ; the
Greater, on St. Mark's day, 287.
Livelyhood, 34 ; liveliness.
Liveries, 247.
Local usages, 269.
Lock on door of grate in Treasury,
84 ; to door of porch of Jesus
altar, t,3 ; to triptych, ^3.
Locks on chests in Treasurv, 84,
263, 264 ; on doors nfalmeries for
towels, 79 ; of the shrine, 94* ; 10
shrine-cover, 5, 197 ; Treasury
door, 84, 263 ; and keys, for
aumbries, 13.
Locker, by St. Bede's altar, 235.
Lockers, near Neville screen, 205.
Lockers, see Aumbries.
Locking of chamber door where a
man has died, 51 ; of doors at 6
p.m., 86, 268 ; of Rood doors, 1,2 ;
of trellis door and of North Rood
door, 37 ; of shrine covers, 94, 96.
Locking up at 5 p.m., 93 ; of church,
22.
Locutorium, 238.
■ Lodoneyum (Lothian), 139.
Loft, an upper chamber or gallery ;
the misericorde or solarium cari-
tatis, unless otherwise described,
81, 86, 87, 88, 93, 159, 259*, 260*,
266, 268, 269, 275, 296 ; Covey
under, 274.
Loft or Almery (almonry), 91*, 92,
273; behind Rood, 34, 219, 221;
over quire door, 231 ; for singers
at Jesus Mass, 34, 222 ; see
Organs.
Loggan, his view of Trinitv College,
Oxford, 278.
Loksmyth, Sand., 147.
London, 54, 130, 150, 153, 163, 19S,
215, 251 ; bishops of, see Bray-
broke, Wingham ; Prior White-
head summoned to, 239 ; ^cf
Paul's, St.
Long Newton, 159.
Longley, Mr., xi ; see Langley.
Longstaffe, \V. H. D., on Durham
heraldry, 229, 290, 291 ; History
of Darlington, 253.
Looke, 59 ; a redundant exclama-
tion.
Loops of iron on and connected with
shrine-cover, 4, 197.
334
INDKX.
Lotarius, Imperator Romanorum,
I25-
Lothian, 139.
Loup, 6, 198.
Low Mass, 276.
Litbke, Ecclesiastical Art, 202.
Luceby, Henr. de, 211,
Lucubalia (Carlisle), 138.
Lucy, arms of, 255.
Ludham, Godfr. de, archbishop of
York, 153, 295.
Ludlow Churchwardens' Accounts,
204.
Luercestre, 227.
Lugdunum (Lyons), 128, 129.
Lughaid, 254.
Luke, St., commentary on, 269 ;
symbol of, 285.
Lumley, arms of, 255.
Lupus, S., 132.
Lyegaite, 105, 288.
Lyeth waike, lithe or supple (con-
dition of St. Cuthbert's bod}'), 63,
247-
Lying-house, 89, 266, 271.
Lykegate, 288.
Lyndwood, Will., bishop of St.
David's, body of, 2S5 ; Provinciale
by, 199, 273, 301.
Lynynge, linen, too, 282.
Lyons (Lugdunum), 128, 129; Coun-
cil of, 242.
Lyrinensis insula, 134.
Mabillon, 208, 234.
Mace (sceptre), golden, in hand of
our Lady of Bolton, 1 13.
Maces, municipal, shafts of, 277.
Machar, St., 134, 345.
Machvn's Diarv, Camd. Soc, 203.
Madden, Sir F.", 248.
Maddison, Vicars Choral, 220.
Madonna della Pieta, 223.
Maestricht (Trajectum ad Mosam),
130, 132 ; cross at, 354.
Magdalen's chapel, 91, 92, 274, 295.
Maglorius, S., 129.
Magna Britannia, xviii.
Magnificat, shrine exposed during,
94, 276.
Maguntinensis, 126, 127; of May-
ence (Maguncia).
Maid's or Maiden's bower, 28, 217,
218.
Mail, Male, 92 ; a meal or repast.
Malachi, St., archbishop of Armagh,
129.
Malcolm, king of Scots, 55, 56*, 72,
240, 241, 242, 250.
Malcolm (two), kings of Scots, 21*.
Malt, 100.
Malt corn, 100.
Maltby, Edw., bishop, 248.
Malt kiln, 282.
Malton, x.
Maltravers, arms of, 255.
Maltster (gromus, bis), 146.
Malwaset, malmsey, 281.
Man, see Sodor.
Mandatum fratrum, 257 ; novum,
255 ; pauperum, 256, 257 ; see
Maundy.
Maniple, 179, 180, 182, 185, 187 ; of
St. Cuthbert, 293.
Manuscripts, ancient, 83, 263, 304 ;
ancient, of Gospels, 200; Bodleian,
293; Brit. Mus. Add., 200, 211 ;
Cotton, 197, 208, 215, 278 ; Har-
leian, xiv, 171-179, 203, 213, 248,
251, 340 ; C. C. C. C, 293 ; Dur-
ham Chapter, 197, 204, 213 ; Lam-
beth, 277, 293 ; Mickleton, 298*,
299 ; Neapolitan, 248 ; Randall,
298, 299 ; Rawlinson, xi, xii, xviiiw.,
109 ; of Rites, see Introduction ;
of Sarum missal, 204 ; Trin. Coll.
Camb., 197 ; Univ. Coll. Oxon.,
197 ; York Minster, 197, 198, 293.
Manutergia, 262.
Marble, blue, chantry of, 43, 44,
230, 231 ; laver made of, 82, 261 ;
pillars of, for Galilee, 43, 229 ; see
Holy-water stones.
Marble cross, 223 ; image of St.
Cuthbert, 74; pillars of St. Bede's
tomb, 103 ; stone over John
Brimley, 162 ; over grave of St.
Cuthbert, 103, 286 ; over Mr.
Rackett, 59 ; over bishop Tunstall,
59-
Marble stones from St. Bede's
shrine, 103, 287 ; over bishops, 55,
240-242 ; over Priors, 53 ; tomb
of bishop Beck, 58, 244 ; do., of
St. Bede's shrine, 103; tombstones,
60.
Marble substructures of shrines, 286.
Marescalcia, 282.
Margaret, St., of Antioch, 113, 120,
291 ; beheaded, 120 ; bell of, 167,
301 ; church of, 104 ; " waird " of,
97, 279 ; the three last references
may belong to St. Margaret of
Scotland.
Margaret, St., queen of Scotland,
56, 215, 216, 242 ; cross of, 105,
106, 216, 287; life of, 215; well
of, 215.
Marianus Scotus, 135.
Maries, the three, 1 15.
Marisco, Ric. de, bishop, 55, 241,
243-
INDKX.
335
of.
«73i
Mark, St., procession on day
104, 287* ; symbol of, -S^.
Markei Place, 288.
Marley, Steph., 91*, 93, 159,
275-
Marriage in Cana, 4S.
Marshal, 144.
Marsilia (Marseilles), 125.
Martene de Antiqua Disciplina, 205,
255 ; de Ant. Keel. Ritibus, 237,
238, 243 ; de Ant. Mon. Rit., 203,
237, 238, 243, 255, -'70-
Martin, St., oi Tours, 120, 121, 126.
Martinus, S. (Dumiensis Episcopus),
130.
Martyrology, 270 ; Roman, 202.
Mary, St., 1 1.6, 156 J chapel of
(Galilee), 42, 43; church of, in
\orth Bailey, 251, 287 ; in South
Bailey, 298 ; (.'■alilee dedicated
to, 42, 43, 73 ; name of, crowned,
171; see Lady, Our.
Mary-le-Bow, St., church of, in
London, 251.
Mary and John, 17, 18, iq, 25,
34, 221 ; with Black Rood,
210 ; in frater, 80.
Mary the wife of Cleophas, 115.
Mary Magdalene, St., 112, 115, 120,
291 ; hospital o\\ 280.
Mary I, queen, 216, 231, 239.
Mase, 113 ; a mace.
Maskell, Ancient Liturgy, 200*, 279.
Mass, 98, 280, 301 ; canon of, 279 ;
first, 97, 278 ; furniture belonging
to, 57, 58 ; of St. Gregory, 224 ;
the high, 2, 63, 143, 231 ; shrine
exposed during, 94, 276 ; at
Magdalens, 91, 92, 274 ; older
form of, restored, 231 ; Our
Lady's, 43, 44, 231 ; said " to "
four old women, 92, 274 ; of St.
Karileph, 251 ; servers at, 191 ;
wardens of, 220.
Masses, how distributed among the
monks, 98, 2S0 ; undertaken, 149.
Mass vestments, 118*; bishops
buried in, 57, 5S.
Master of the boys, 185, 187 ; of the
choristers, 34 ; of the Common-
house, 88, 270 ; of the fermery,
89, 270 ; of the frater, 93 ; of the
novices, 82, 84 ; of schools, 144 ;
of the Song-school, his chamber,
and meat, etc., 63 ; his seat, 02,
247 ; of the Grammar-school and
Song-school, 44.
Masterman, Rob., 298.
Matilda, queen of England, 20*, 21*.
Matins, 22*, 63, 231, 268*, 276, 301 ;
rising for, at midnight, 85, 267*.
2S,
18,
Matthew, St., symbol of, 285.
Matthew, Toby, archbishop of York,
25b ; bishop, 23b ; dean, 78, 79,
170, 256, 257.
Mauclerk, bishop ol Carlisle, 148.
Maulbronn, lavatory at, 261.
Maundy, 77, 218, 255, 256, 257.
Maundy benches, 25b, 237 ' ; money,
78, 79, 256.
Maundy Thursday, to, 77-80, 182-
185, 202, 255 ; see Maiulatum.
Maurelius, S., 132.
Maurus, S., 134.
Mawburae, Mr., xi.
Mazer, So, 81, 258*, 250 ; black, 80,
258 ; one to every monk, 81, 259.
Mazers, characteristics of, 258 ;
standing, 258.
Meals orderly served and in due
time, 99.
Meat let down into lying-house, S9 ;
served from great kitchen, 87,
268.
Meath, co., 254.
Mediterranei Angli (Mercians), 133.
Meist'omers, 273. Derivation
unknown. Professor Willis sug-
gests that Mcist may represent
mattre (cf. Arbre </<• M cist re,
mainmast), and that omers or
humors may be for ortneaux, elms.
— Conv. Buildings of Canterbury,
97-
Mele, a vessel, probably a large
bowl, 294.
Mellifont, lavatory at, 261.
Mellitus, S., 127.
Melrose, 64, 131*, 136, 140, 142, 22^,
-47-
Melsonby, Tho., prior, 148, 240, 241,
242, 2~,2 ; buried with bishop
Farnham, 73 ; miscalled Mels-
come, 73«. ; said to have arched
over nave, 73, 232.
Melton, Will, de, archbishop of
York, 158.
Memento, 98*, 279.
Memorandums, 21.
Memorials of St. Giles's, 217, 274,
280; ofRipon, 227, 256, 314.
Mending of " cup " (socket), 277.
Merchants, utter their wares in the
parlour, 52.
Merchant Taylors' School, 270.
Mercians (Mediterranei Angli), 133.
Merley, see Marley.
Mersey, river, 138.
Morton, Walter tie, bishop of
Rochester, 154, 133.
Met wand, 102, 285.
Metal (earthen), 3, 193.
336
INDEX.
Mettall, 3, 24, 33, 195.
Meynill, Walt., 164.
Michael, St., archangel, 115, 122,
285; bell of, 166*.
Michael, emperor of Constantinople,
I25-
Mickle kirk, 66 ; see More kirk.
Micklethwaite, J. T., xxi, 197, 277.
Mickleton, Ja., xv, 161, 165, 297.
Middleham, Bishop, 154.
Middleham, in Wensleydale, Jesus
anthem at, 221.
Middleham family, arms of, 255.
Middleton, Will, de, bishop of Nor-
wich, 155.
Mid ffullon, 137, 294.
Midillon, Will., 145.
Midnight, bells at, 22 ; light at, 22 ;
monks' chambers visited before
and after, 93 ; service at, 63.
Migne, Patrologia Latina, 229, 255,
290.
Milan, candlestick at, 202 ; cressets
at, 195 ; lavabo at, 200 ; Lesson,
Epistle, and Gospel at, 205.
Mildesley, Will., 147.
Mile-crosses, 226.
Milkmaid, 74, 254.
Mill Burn, 217.
Millburngate, 217.
Miller (g'romus), 146.
Millets, mullets (heraldic), 119.
Milner, Mrs., xiv.
Minor Canon, anecdote about, 297.
Minor Canons' houses, 355 ; vestry,
252, 263.
Minories, church of, 54, 239.
Minot, Latin poem by, 215.
Mint, 283.
Miracle of St. Cuthbert's satchel,
250 ; at shrine, 210.
Miracles, 4, 197, 222 ; of Christ, 48 ;
later, 270 ; recorded, 88*, 270.
Miraculous visions, 243.
Miscellanea, Surtees Soc, 299 ;
Miscellanea Biographica, Surtees
Soc, 254, 293.
Miscellaneous Charters, 232, 299.
Misericorde, 268.
Missa alta, 276, 280 ; bassa, 276 ;
magna, 276; matutinalis, 172, 179,
181, 182; Nominis Jesu, 220;
privata, 276 ; de Quinque Vulneri-
bus, 220 ; de Sancta Cruce, 220.
Misss de Caritate, de S. Cuthberto,
do Cruce, de Sancta Maria, 191.
Missale Dunelm., xx, 171, 172, 203,
213, 301,340; Ebor., i75-i9o««.,
200, 255 ; Romanum, 178*1. , 255 ;
Sarum, i72-i89«»., 200, 201, 202,
204*, 220, 255, 276, 287, 301 ;
Westmonasteriense, 172W., 174,
176, 177, 183W., 203.
Missals, 204*, 205.
Mitford of Molesdon, arms of, 255.
Mitre, 15, 175, 187 ; set on altar,
112; of the prior, 105, 287; of
St. Martin, 120 ; with staff for
prior, 23, 213 ; see Fordham.
Mitres, 118.
Moises, S., 132.
Molaca, Moloca, etc., 254.
Moluog, meaning of, 254.
Monarcha, Alfred made, 137.
Monaster}-, double, 228, 291.
Monastic habit taken preparatory
to consecration as bishop, 143.
Monasticon, see Dugdale.
Money, drawing and telling of, 84,
. 263 ; not handled by novices, 97,
278 ; offered, 276.
Monk beholding St. Cuthbert from
rock, 115, 290 ; in blue, figure of,
in ; travelling to sea, 115, 290;
washing his feet, 115, 290.
Monk's lodging (Dorter), 97.
Monks, buried in Gentry Garth, 59,
60 ; each had his Carrell, 83, 262 ;
chambers of, 93 ; kneeling, 109,
in, 112*, 113, 114*, 115, 118;
never idle, 88 ; how occupied,
88* ; old, dined in Loft, 86, 87*,
268 ; the only chroniclers, and
writers of acts of bishops and
priors, 88*, 269 ; proposed by
bishop Walcher, 140 ; in quire,
302 ; repair to the Red hills, 23 ;
sheets and shirts of, 100, 282 ;
wages of, 97 ; worked at building
out of service time, 67, 72 ; and
novices, named Dane, etc., 93«.,
102, 280, 2S4 ; and officers,
notices of, 93-102, 274-284.
Monodon Monoceros, 276.
Montboucher, arms of, 255.
Monuments, subversion of, 102, 284 ;
see Brasses, Tombs.
Moray, bishops ; see Archibald.
More, 67, 249.
More or great Kirk, 66, 67, 72, 249*,
250, 251.
More Monkton, 249.
Moresby, Tho. , 117, 291.
Morlande, relicta, 145.
Morley, see Marley.
Morning Prayers at 6 a.m., 264.
Morning Prayer chapel, 170.
Morpeth, Jesse window at, 228.
Morpeth, Mr., 252.
Morton, bishop, ix ; life of, 159.
Morton, Dr. Joh., 160.
Moryson, Will., 146.
INDEX.
337
Moses, song of, iSS.
Moule, 11., bishop, 243.
Mounford, Symon, 55.
Mourners, special, 5-*.
Mowbray, arms of, 255,
MSS. ; st\' Manuscripts,
Much Wenlock, 240,.
Mullock, 70, 254.
Mummified bodies, 284.
Mundyng deene and Mungdnigdene,
1 39W.
Mungo, S., 13 j.
Mur, 37 ; Durham for " more."
Mural paintings, 243.
Muriardach, 63.
Murners, 52 ; Durham for " mour-
ners."
Murray's Cathedrals, 199, 209, 240,
260, 314, 347.
Museum of Soc. Ant. Edinb., 203 ;
of University of Durham, 233 ; at
York, 195.
Music room, 160.
Mutton, 99.
" My oulde booke," and " My other
booke," 304.
Myers, Ambr., 62, 247.
Myrc, Instructions, 201.
Myrroure of Our Lady, 291.
Nails of Passion, cross made of, 216.
Naprie, napery, linen, 99.
Narwhal, tusk of, 276.
Nativity of Christ, 48.
Natural selection, 275.
Nave arched over by bishop Skir-
law and prior Melsonby, 73, 252 ;
built up to roof by bishop Flam-
bard, 141.
Navicular, incense-boats, 201.
Naylor, Dr. Jos., 159, 355.
Neasham, 149.
Nebulae for Maundy, 256.
Necessaria, latrines, 266.
Necrology, 279.
Neile, Dr., 335 ; Ric, bishop, 299.
Neotus, S., 136.
Nelley, reredorter at, 266.
Neville, Alex., archbishop of York,
213 j John, lord, 6, 24, 58, 196,
198, 244, 245 ; Ralph, lord, I, 24,
-•7, 28, 58, 244, 245 ; II, 224 ; Rob.,
bishop, 40, 59, 122, 225, 245 ;
supposed tomb slab of, 223.
Nevilles, arms of, 27, 169, 217, 245,
233, 2t)o ; as joined in marriage,
111* : bore charges of image of
Our Lady of Bolton, 30.
Neville chantry, 244 ; chapel, altar
in, 303 ; its grates, window, locket ,
226 ; see Porch ; Prior's pew
22
in, 40, 2(12 ; windows in, 290 ;
screen, 198, 221 ; tombs, 58, 103,
244.
Neville tombs, 244. Not only " the
cistern " but both the Neville
tombs aii.' within the site of the
Neville chantry, which included
the spaces between the pillars, as
appears by the marks of the iron
grate that was on the north side,
pp. 40, 226.
Neville's Cross, see Cross ; battle
of, see Durham.
New chamber, 281.
New English Dictionary, 198, 208,
212, 217, 220, 222, 227, 229, 238,
258, 262, 263, 269, 280, 284, 290,
291, 295, 307, 316, 319, 320, 324*,
355-
New Work (the Lantern), 22, 213.
Newark, brass at, 320.
Newark, arms of, 255.
Newburn raw, 145.
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, xviii, 55, 149,
156, 158, 196, 198*, 262, 276; All
Saints' church at, 320 ; columns,
etc., brought to, 229 ; Governor
of, 14.
Newcastle, Isaac of, bishop of
Connor, 152*.
Newhouse, Gabr. , 164; Mr., ib.
Nevvminster, 14S.
Nicene Creed, standing at, 209.
Nicodemus, 112.
Nicholas, St., 112, 113; church of,
104, 288 ; do., revestry of, 108, 288.
Nicholas Y, pope, 122.
Nicholl, Joh., 143.
Nichols, John, 164, 298.
Nicholson, bishop of Carlisle, his
English Historical Library, 297.
Nigra crux, 215*, 216* ; see Black
Rood.
Nine Altars, 1-3, 62, 171, 193-19S,
209*, 302 ; alleys of, 2, 3, 194,
196 ; building of, xix ; Dun Cow
on. 74, 234 ; east front of, 93,
274; glass in, 1 18-122, 291, 292;
south door of, 39, 60, 62 ; statues
on, 93, 274 ; north wall said to
have been broken through for
bishop Heck's coffin, 2, 38, 194,
244 ; windows, arms in, 255.
Nine-holes, 277.
Ninevites, repentance of, 178.
Nisibis (Nizibena), 132.
Noake, his Worcester, 261, 273, 282.
Noblemen, arms of, t ; 1 ; gifts of, 106.
None, office of, 185, 187.
Norfolk Archaeology, 104 ; Arch.
Soc., 323.
338
INDEX.
Norham, castle of, 141 ; church of,
142 ; procurator of, 146 ; strong
tower in, 141.
Norman walls of Guest hall, 272 ;
windows, Perpendicular tracery
in, 289*.
North, great houses of, 214.
North British Railway Co., 215.
North doorof the church, 41, 61, 167,
169, 227 ; holy-water stone at, 38 ;
processions went out at, 105 ; end
of altar, lectern at, 13 ; gates,
273 ; quire door, 98, 279, 302.
North, T., Chronicle of St. Martin's,
208 ; Church Bells of Beds., 300.
Northallerton, Hospital of, 73, 253 ;
see Alverton.
Northborough, crypt at, 246.
Northern Counties, Governor of, 14.
Northumberland, earl of, arms of,
169 ; earls of, Pudsey, 73, 254 ;
Uhtred, 143, 241 ; invaded, 64;
men of, 140.
Northumbria, 129, 133 ; six king's
of, 138, 139.
Northwagenses, Norwegians, 137.
Norton, x, xvi, 141.
Norwegians, 137.
Norwich, baking or houseling irons
at, 338, col. 2 ; bishops of, see
Middleton, Suthfeld ; charnel at,
314 ; lavatory at, 261 ; nine-holes
at, 277 ; pelican lectern at, 199,
206; St. Peter Mancroft, fireplace
at, 194, 323.
Norwold, Hugh de, bishop of Ely,
149. 153-
Notary public, 208.
Notes and Queries, 199.
Nottingham, 225, 300 ; castle of,
215.
Nottingham, Aug., bishop of Lao-
dicea, 153.
Nottinghamshire, 138.
Nova Legenda Angliae, 223, 234*,
291, 293.
Novice, carried holy water, 13, 205.
Novices, 259, 260 ; chambers of,
85 ; dined in frater, 268 ; master
or tutor of, 96, 97 ; master of, his
chamber, 97 ; meat of, 82 ; money
or wages not received by, 97,
278 ; outfits of, 277 ; place where
they learned, 84, 85, 264 ; in quire,
302 ; read at meals, 82 ; recrea-
tion of, 88, 270 ; said grace, 82 ;
sheets and shirts of, 100, 282 ;
six, went daily to school for seven
years, 96.
Nunburnholm, xi.
O's, the great, 270, 283.
Oats, 281.
Obedientiaries, 268, 274, 280 ; vicars
assigned to, 275.
Obleys, 194, 279 ; wafer-bread,
especially that which is used in
the mass ; baking of, 279 ; for
Maundy, 256.
Obley-irons, 194, 218, 279 ; iron
nippers used in making oblevs,
called at Norwich " lez Bakyng
eernys," and " howselyng jrons."
Occupations (trades and crafts),
107, 108, 288.
Occupy, engage in, 98.
Occupy, make use of, 39, 224.
Octaves of Easter, 301.
Odo, S. , 127.
Of, on, 6, 7, 11, 15, 31, 37, 38,
52, 105, 106, 108, 112, 113; see
quotation under Guilted.
Offa Rex Orienlalium Saxonum,
125.
Offerings at shrine, 4 ; hung on
shrine, 94, 276.
Office, 8, 200.
Officers of the Church, 93-98 ; of
the House, 99-102.
Official heraldry of Durham, 291.
Officiarii (obedientiaries), 145.
Officinse claustri, 172, 179.
Ogle, arms of, 255.
Ogle castle, 215.
Oil, tun of, in legend of St. Mar-
garet, 120, 291.
Oils, consecration of, 255.
Ointment of St. Mary Magdalene,
1 12.
Old Foundation, Cathedrals of, 203.
Old man, warning by, 61.
Old Melrose, see Melrose.
Oldfield, Rob., 166, 300.
Omer, S. ( Audomarus), 130.
Onions, 283.
Onlafbal, terrible punishment of,
'43-
Onyx, cup of, 239.
Oratio super Diptycha, 279.
Order in going to sing mass, 8, 200.
Ordinale, 182, 301.
Ordination, 224.
Ordinations in vestry, 19, 212.
Oresiesis monachus, 135.
Orfreys, 171.
Organ, crook, etc., for, 246 ; Father
Smith's, 164, 299 ; heraldry of,
300 ; great, 163*, 164, 299 ; pipes
of, saved, 163.
Organs, 161, 162, 297 ; cases of,
163 ; different, for different days,
16, 208 ; earlier, 297 ; the lesser,
INDEX.
339
^i)i) ; master of song-school to
play on principal days, 62, 63 ;
pair of, destroyed, 206 ; do., in
Galilee, 43, 231 ; do., for Jesus
mass, 34, 222; do., little, 163;
pairs of, 16, 207 ; played by
monks at midnight, (33 ; playing
on, 108; at 6 a.m. prayers, 2(14,
265; 1 lu> White, 162, 163*, 208,
290.
Organ-loft, 34, 221, 222.
Organists, i6i*-i63, 231, 297-299;
catalogue of, 161.
Origin, etc., of the Bishops, xiii,
209, 225, 229, 230, 240, 286.
Origines Islandicae (a collection of
Prose Sagas, in the press but not
yet published), 237.
Origo Episcopatus, etc., xiii.
Orkney? ( Archadiensis J, bishops,
Peter, 154.
Orleans (Aurelia), 130, 216.
Ornaments, left by bishops, 141* ;
place to keep them in, 7 ; trampled
on, 69, 108, 288.
Ortulanus (gromus), 146.
0 Sapientia, 89, 101, 270, 283.
O'Scoba, Carbricus, bishop of
Raphoe, 154.
Osculatorium, the pax, 200.
Osmund, St., bishop of Sarum, 203.
Ostrich feathers, 1 19.
Ostriches' eggs, 276.
Oswald, St., the king, 67, 72, 129,
132, 138*, 141, 142 ; arms of
(heraldic), 116, 290; beheaded, on
bier, 119; bell of, 165, 166*, 167;
blowing his horn, 1 18, 291 ; church
of, 104 ; founder of church and
see, 138; head of, 138; do., on
St. Cuthbert's breast, 48 ; do.,
in hand of St. Cuthbert, 114, 115,
116, 117, 118 ; ivory horn of, 291 ;
ivory sceptre of, 291 ; painting
of? 233; "picture'' or image of
(alabaster), 7; "picture" or
image of (silver-gilt), 105, 106,
287 ; represented in glass, 49,
109*, no*, 114, 115*, 116*, 117,
119; rib of, 287; skull of, 286 J
slain by Penda, 138.
Oswald's, St., churchyard of, 299.
Oswald, St., archbishop of York,
1 28.
Oswvn or Oswin, king, 128, 1-54,
138.
O Thoma Didyme, 270.
" Ould booke," the, xi, 304*.
" Ould written Docters," 304*.
Our Lady, Assumption of, 47 ; of
Bolton, image of, 204 ; holding
up Child to a multitude of persons,
236 ; picture of, with Infant, on
shrine, 5 ; and Child, in i^lass, 31,
32, 47*, 49; of Pity, pictures of,
38, 44, 223, 2XT,; see Mary, St.
Outfits of novices, 277.
Ova griffina, 276.
Ovens, 194. These should rather be
called fire-places.
Ovid, 263.
Owl-light, JCV».
Oxford, 153, 216 ; Cathedral at,
196; Christ Church at, 209;
Corpus Christi College at, 199 ;
Durham College at, 222, 224,
277 ; novices sent to, 97, 277 ; St.
Frideswide's at, 209; shrine at,
196* ; Trinity College at, 278.
Oxford Historical Society, 278 ;
History, Studies in, xiii.
Oxford, Rob., bishop of Ely, 156.
Pachomius, S, 134.
Pafnucius, S., 134.
Pagans, 64*, 65, 69.
Paging, xxi.
Painting, 2, 195.
Paintings of our Saviour and of
Blessed Virgin Mary, 5 ; under
Throne, 211.
Pair of censers (two), 12.
Pair of organs, 16, 207, 355.
Pair of stairs, 17, 87 ; a flight or set
of steps.
Palace Green, 232, 288*, 298 ; see
Place ; levelled by bishop Flam-
bard, 141.
Palaeographie facsimiles, 24S, 250.
Palatinate, 210.
Palatinate insignia, 291.
Pale*sser, 146, 294.
Pallister, the surname, 294.
Palm Sunday, 255 ; ceremonial of,
179-182, 204.
Palmer, Hen., 298.
Pambo, S., 134.
Panelling, oak, 257 ; see Wainscot.
Panemes, 65 ; paynims, pagans.
Paynim ■=paganismus, a heathen
district, but came to designate a
heathen man. See Skeat.
Pange lingua, 204.
Pannarius, 144, 147.
Panni generosorum, 147, 295.
Panni stricti, 147.
Pannus st rictus, 294.
Pantry and Cellar, the Prior's,
served the Guest-hall, 20.
Pantry or Covey door, 80, 25S.
Pape, Will., 145 ; see Paype.
Paradise, 206.
Paratae albae, 179, 185, 187, 301.
Parcel-gilt cross-staff', 105.
34°
INDEX.
Pardons for persons frequenting the
Galilee, 43, 230.
Paris, 131.
Parish churches, ornaments of, 108 ;
processions to, 104-108.
Parker, archbishop of Canterbury,
59-
Parler, Parlor, Parlour, 52, 238.
Parliament robe, 106*.
Parlour, 52, 53, 68, 75, 78, 169*, 237,
238, 263, 303 ; original, 265.
Parlours, two, 238.
Parlour door, form near, 77 ; see
Parler.
Parsley, 283.
Partitions in Nine Altars, 2, 195.
Part-singing in Salve, 268.
Parva domus Bursarii, 145, 294.
Pascall posts, 203.
Paschal candle, blessed on Easter
Eve, 187, 188, 301 ; when lighted
and put out, 188.
Paschal (candlestick), the, 10, n,
201, 202, 203 ; kept under anchor-
age stairs, 17 ; perhaps hidden
and afterwards partly made use
of, 206, 355 ; scouring of, 17, 201,
209; when brought out, 10, 202;
where set up at Durham, 10, 202.
It was ordered to be defaced by
an Act of Chapter, Dec. 1, 1579.
Paschalis II, pope, 229.
Passion, 11, 12, 203, 204. (The
directions in connexion with the
" Creeping to the Cross " in the
Durham Missal, MS. Harl. 52S9,
ff. 166-179, are very interesting,
and should have been printed in
our Appendix, hut were over-
looked till it was too late. And
there are some further directions
for Candlemas, ff. 303, 304. The
whole of this MS. ought to be
printed).
Passion, carving of, in prison,
215 ; instruments of, 31, 110, 221 ;
marks of, 224 ; pictures of, 44,
233 ; reading of, 181, 182 ; repre-
sented on stone screen, 33 ; on
triptych, 33 ; singing of, 11, 204.
Passion Music, 204.
Patellae called Moreby, 291.
Paten or cover, of chalice, 57.
Patriarchs, names of, 126.
Pattern glass, 289.
Pattinson, Edw., 79.
Pattison, Chr., 167.
Pattison, John, 167 ; John (another),
167.
Paul, St., in glass, 110, 111 ; be-
heading of, 121, 292 ; carving of,
on St. Cuthbert's coffin, 285 ;
persecuting, 121.
Pauls, St., basins at, 200 ; enamel
at, 245 ; great O pittance at, 270 ;
Jesus anthem at, 221 ; morning
prayers at, 265 ; organ at, 16 ;
bishop Tunstal to have been
buried at, 245 ; School, Statutes
of, 270.
Paulinus, S., 127.
Paulus Diaconus Cassinensis, 135.
Paulus, S., primus heremita, 136.
Pax, book serving for, 9, 200, 304.
Paxbrede, 171, 200, 301.
Paype, Cuthbert, 209 ; see Pape.
Peace, kiss of, 200.
Peacock, Church Furniture, 203, 205.
Peada, king, 133 ; baptized, 142.
Peal rung for dead, 52.
Pearson, edition of Sarum Missal,
by, 276.
Pease, 281.
Person, Ja., 209.
Peckham, archbishop of Canter-
bury, Constitutions of, 199, 201.
Peculiar Altar, 19, 212.
Pegge on Sanctuaries, 226.
Pelican and its symbolism, 8, 199 ;
gilt, on lectern, 13, 205 ; giving
her blood, 1 17.
Pelican lectern, 201.
Pelliccia (misprinted Pellicia), Polity
of Christian Church, 202.
Penda, king, 138.
Penitents, reception of, 255.
Pentees, le, 261.
Pentland, Ric, 146.
People, witnessed processions, 105.
Percy, arms of, 245, 255.
Percy, Old, arms of, 255.
Percy, the Lord, 24 ; Matilda, 244 ;
Mrs., xi.
Perigueux (Petragoricum), 130.
Periosteum, on bones of St. Cuth-
bert, 285.
Perpendicular tracery, 289*, 291.
Perpent walls, 195.
Persarum civitas, 132.
Person, Ric, 145.
Perugia (Perusia), 129.
Peter, St., church dedicated in
honour of, 133 ; in glass, no, 116,
121 ; quoted by Henry VI, 123.
Peter and Paul, SS., 156.
Peterborough (Burgh), 130, 243 ;
bishops of, Kennett, 297; infirmary
at, 271*; lavatory at, 261*; round
window at, 195.
Petragoricum (Perigueux), 130.
Petronius, S., 130.
Petty Canon, a, 298.
INDEX.
34'
Philpotts
")i 159-
Petty Canons, 260, the Minor Ca-
nons ; hall and kitchen of, .257,
260.
Pew or seal for Prior, to hear Jesus
.Mass, 40, 226, _'<>-'.
Pews in cloister, 83, j(>j.
Phannel, 57, 243.
Philip, St., i it).'
Philip VI, 214.
Pbilipson's cross,
Phillpotts, IV. ("
Pica Sarum, 301 .
Pickering, IV. Theo., 160, 297.
Pictavia, Phil, de, bishop, 55, 169,
24' 1 243, 301.
Picts, churches of, 37, J23.
Picture, 204, 210. Any sort of a
representation whether painted or
not, e.g. alabaster figures, 5, 6,
7 ; metal work on a book eover,
8 ; a golden crucifix, 1 1 ; another
image of Christ, 12; figures on
brasses, 15, 29, 30, 60 ; glass,
frequently ; a rood, 18 ; stone
figures, 27 ; stone effigy, 68, 75 ;
the " print " in a mazer, 80, 258 ;
so we find, " a picture of latten,"
Test. Ebor., vi, 98.
Pictures, sundry, in tower windows,
115; on wainscot in Galilee, 43,
230.
Pictured, represented in a brass, 60.
Piety or Pity, Our Lady of, 38, 44,
22^, 233. There was a "light of
ouv ladie of pitie " in the church of
Headon, Notts., in 1522 ( Test.
Ebor., vi, 20) ; also 3s. 4d. left " to
our lady of pety " at Church
Fenton, Vks., in 1531 (lb., 22) ;
a direction to be buried "before
ouv ladie of petie" at Wintring-
ham, Vks, (lb., 242), 1559 ; .1
chalice of Our Lady of Pitie in
the vault, 19 ounces (Reg. Aberd.,
Edinburgh, 1S45 ; App. to Pref.
p. xci). In 1503 "an aulter clothe
staynyd w> an ymage of or lady
of Pyte " (Kerry, St. Laurence,
Reading, 111); sec Altar, Our
Lady, Pity.
Pikeringe, The., n>5-
Pilgrim's stall", with St. James, 117.
Pilgrimage of Grace, 216; of Henry
VI, 122, ,2;,.
Pilkington, Ja., bishop, 243 ; L.,
prebendary, 100, 160, 281.
Pillars, of Guest-hall, <>o, 272 ; of
stone, under Privies, 8b, 260.
Pillows, 99.
Pinkerton, Scottish Saints, 215.
Pipes, 2b, 95, 216, 277.
Pipes of banner-staff, precaution
against bruising, i)<>.
" Pite, ymage of," 223.
Pittance, 270, 283.
Pittinglon, 145, 239.
Pity, Our Lady of, pictures of, 38, 44,
-'-^.t233-
Pius \', pope, 267.
Pix, 8, 199 ; (box) of wood, for
altar-breads, 171.
Place grene, 44, 57, 107", 21,2, 288.
Plage, transept, 23, 29, 30, 31, 214 ;
the north, 214.
Plainsong, school for, 29S.
Plainsong, master and sub-masler
of, 167.
Plans, xx.
Platting, wringing, 117.
Plea roll, 250.
Plumbers' work, 98.
Plumes, palatinate, 291.
Piummer, Charles, Alfred the Great,
227 ; his edition of Bede, 237, 282,
293 ; on Saxon terms, 294.
Pocklington, xi.
Polyandrum, 315.
Polycronica, 128, 293.
Pomes, 218.
Poncelet, Rev. Father, 291.
Pons fractus, 128, 293. Pontefract
in Vorkshire. The name appears
to have been transferred from
Castleford, on the Aire, three
miles distant, as in other cases of
castles built on sites with no
recognized names, named from
places a few miles away. — Arcluco-
logia, lviii, 331 ; Freeman, Norman
Conquest (1876), iv, 283-5.
Pontefract (Pons fractus); Cluniac
monastery at, 293.
POoel, Rich., 222.
Poole, 229.
Poor, relieved by whole convent, 90.
Poor aged men, see Maundy ;
children, 91*, 92, 273.
Poor, Ric, bishop, 150.
Pope, authorized mitre, etc., for
Prior, 213 ; consecrated Pudsey,
141.
Popes, names of, 124.
Pope, Sir Tho., 27S.
Popinae gromus, 146.
Popinarius, 144, 2<)4.
Porch (entrance), long, of Almery,
91*.
Porch, a chapel within a church, 17,
18, 1,2, 40, 91, 208, 209, 210, 221 ;
round Jesus Altar, ^2^ -'-'' I 'I'1'
Nevilles', 40, 225, 22b ■, over
342
INDKX.
entrance of north iiiley of quire,
22.
" Porches " in north aisle of quire,
17, 18, 208, 209, 210, 213.
Port Royal, William of, bishop of"
Connor, 153.
Porter, 275 ; of cloister, 79, 94 ; to
stop strangers molesting novices,
84, 85.
Porters, of the Prior, 90, 273.
Porter, Joh., 97.
Pot, in picture of Annunciation, 118.
Pots and cups, washing' of, 61.
Poultry, 259.
Powers, 122.
Prsebenda, Rob. de, bishop ot'
Dunblane, 153.
Propositus, 275.
Pray, Prioress of, 194.
Prayer, short, before service, 175,
l87- •
Prayers, by cross of wood at Maid s
bower, 29 ; after Maundy, 79,
257 ; and thanks after Battle of
Durham, 24.
Pra3'ing among the tombs, 87, 269,
Preaching, by monks, 46, 88*.
Prebendal houses, 159, 296, 297.
Prebendaries, suppression of, 269.
Precentor (in Abbey), 280.
Prefaces to Gospels, 248.
Presbytery, 302.
Pretors, i-jn.
Pricks for serges, 14.
Priest without cope, 185, 187.
Priests, monastic, 275.
Prime, 279.
Principal days, 62, 95, 96, 98* ; see
Days.
Principalities, 122.
Prior, 259, 264, 275 ; apparel of,
101 ; his attendants, 90 ; censed
Corpus Christi shrine, 107, 288 ;
chamber of, 101 ; chaplain of, 51,
101, 237, 284 ; cloister or deputy,
275 ; duties of, on Easter Even,
185, 187, 188 ; on Maundy Thurs-
day, 182 ; gentlemen, etc., ot\ 13,
101, 144, 147, 205, 246, 247 ; his
hospitality, 90, 273 ; household of,
147 ; how ordered, 101 ; the
household expenses of, 101 ;
kneeling before altar, 112 ; livery
of, 144, 145, 147 ; called the Lord
Prior, 102 ; major, 275 ; on St.
Cuthbert's day in Lent, 4 ; plate
and treasure of, 101 ; two porters
of, 90, 273 ; in processions, 105,
107, 287 ; sent word to Sanctuary
men to keep within the bounds,
41 ; table of, 99 ; table linen of,
101 ; Third, 275.
Prior and convent met corpses, 52 ;
registers of, 277.
Prior's chapel, 265 ; chaplain, 275*,
276 ; gentlemen, Master of Song-
school had meals with, 63 ; hall,
257, 273, 275, 284 ; hall door, 90,
273 ; lodging, 87, 303 ; Maundy,
256, -257.
Priors, Anchorage frequented by,
17; Benedictine, 113; burial of,
52 ; great benefactors, 53 ; buried
in Centry Garth, 59, 60 ; buried
within the church latterly, 53 ;
founded and maintained a school,
91, 92 ; of Durham, sat in wooden
chair in Chapter-house, 56 ; of
Durham, use of crosier and mitre
by, 287 ; see names under Durham.
Prioris gromi, 147.
Prison called the lying-house, 89,
271 ; for monks by the Chapter-
house, 56, 243.
Prisoners, Scotch, 14, 163, 206*.
Prison-breakers fled for Sanctuary,
4i-
Private practices, 269.
Privies, the, 85, 86, 266, 267.
Privy dorter, 266.
Privy search, 86, 267, 275.
Privy watch, 93.
Proceedings of Society of Anti-
quaries of London, 196, 206, 279,
300, 301 ; of do. of Scotland, 215.
Procession at Easter, 13, 205 ; on
ferial days, 186 ; before high
mass, 213; juniors preceding in,
186, 187 ; order of, 302 ; on Palm
Sunday, 182 ; seniors preceding
in, 185, 187 ; the Sunday, xxi, ^2,
302, 303 ; two brethren preceding
and singing, 186, 187.
Processions, 37, 45, 95, 96, 104-108,
172-191, 2S7, 288.
Processional cross of crystal, 203 ;
stones, 303.
Processionale Ebor., 205* ; Sarum,
202, 203, 205*, 302.
Processionals, 203.
Procurator (gromus), 14b.
Profane authors, 83, 263, 304.
Promptorium Parvulorum, 259.
Prosser, Dr., 159.
Provender for horses, 100, 2S1.
Provisor cator, 145.
Provost, 275.
Psalmi familiares, 179. Cancel note
p. 301. These psalms were recited
"pro familiaribus sen monasterii
INDEX.
343
amicis et benefactoribus." They
were sometimes called Psalmi
Verba mea, because they began
with that psalm, but sometimes
they began with Ad Dominum
cum tribularer. Their number
varied, or they were omitted, at
the discretion of the Abbot. See
Mil Cange under Psalm us.
Psalms, penitential, 175, 1S2.
Psalter, David's, 52*, 238.
Psalters recited, 149.
Pseudo-Augustine, 290.
Pudsey, Henry de, 2^2, -53-
Pudsey, Hugh, bishop, 43, 44"., 55,
7;,. 136, 141, 148, 228, 229, 241,
243, 250, 252, 253", 254 ; enshrined
bones of Yen. Bede, 45, 2t,t, ; pre-
sented basons, 202 ; treasurer of
York, 141 ; see Stephen, king.
Pugin, Glossary, 199, 200, 202, 205*,
214.
Pulley, 291 ; in roof of Galilee, 233 ;
ol shrine-cover, 4, 197.
Pulpit, iron, 46.
Purbeek marble, 196, 229, 2^2.
Purgatory, 295.
Purification, feast of, service for,
172.
Purple glass represented black, 236,
289.
Quadrant, 3, 196 ; see N. E. D.
Queen's Drive, 215.
Quignon, Cardinal, Breviary of, 267.
Quire, the, 7 ; built and nave begun
by bishop William I, 141 ; in
procession, 107 ; solemn service
in, 107 ; door at back of, 179.
Quire door, 163, 231 ; in the lantern,
20, 2i, 22, 32 ; the south, 8, 13,
19.
Quire step, 302.
Quivil, bishop of Exeter, Constitu-
tions of, 201.
Qwytby 1 Whitby), 128.
Rabanus, 127.
Rachis rex Longobardorum, 126.
Rackett, Joh., 144, 145; Mr., 59,
60, 24b.
Radclyffe, Annabella and Chas., xi ;
Family of, \, xi.
Rsgnald (Reynwaldus), 143.
Railway, North British, 215 ; (North
Eastern), 217.
Rainbow, Christ seated on, 3.
Raine, Dr. James, senior, xi, xii,
253, 270, 293 ; his Auckland
Castle, 209, 288 ; his Brief
Account of Durham Cathedral,
Notes, passim ; his Catlerick
Church, 198, 208 ; his Si. Culh-
bert, 127, 217, 21S, 230, 248, 275,
276, 283*, 286*, 293 ; Dr. Janus,
junior, his Hexham, 293.
Raisins, 283, 2S4.
Range (Raunge) for the tin- in the
Guest-hall, 90 ; apparently used
in the modern sense, as in I\<>l/s,
p. 84, etc. ; see the Index and
page 951.
Raphael, the angel, 172.
Raphoe, bishops ; see O'Scoba.
Rathbotensis, 154, 295.
Read, 65, 249.
Readers of -Morning Prayers, 264,
203 ; weekly, 275.
Reading of Scriptures in dinner
lime, 82*, 260.
Reading, the town, Jesus mass at,
220 ; St. Laurence's church at,
341*.
Rebellion, the Great, ix, 159.
Reconciliation of conformers, 231.
Record of benefactions, 252.
Records of the Church, 304.
Red, a colour of various animals,
249.
Red earth of Cumberland, 247.
Red hills, 23, 28, 214, 217*.
Red horse, 65, 70, 249.
Redeman, Rob., 146.
Reed in hand of St. John Ev., 112,
1 13, 1 16.
Refectorarius, 275.
Refectory, see Frater-house.
Regality between Tees and Tyne,
137 ; between Tyne and Wear,
'39-
Regester, registrar, 94.
Reginald of Durham, 217, 249, 230,
254, 269, 270.
Register, Register house, a Regis-
try, 68, 75, 78, 251, 256.
Register Office (Boulby's), 169.
Registers Office (bishop's), 164.
Registrar of the house, 94, 277.
Registry of the bishopric, 251 ; of
the monastery, OS, 231.
Releefe, 92, 274.
Relics, 5, 17, 106, 156, 157, 158*,
197, 288 ; belonging to shrine,
94, 276 ; of bishops, 139, 140,
142 ; borne in processions, 103,
106* ; brought from Rome, 133.
Relic cupboards, 193, 279 ; see
Ambries.
Relic-lists, 197, 276.
Relief, 274.
Relly (Rille), 14b.
Remedy, 88, 270.
344
INDKX.
Routs received, 99.
Rere Dorter, 266, 281 ; shown in old
painting', 267.
Reredos, 198.
Residence-dinners, 258.
Restalrig, 215.
Restoration, the, xi.
Resurrection, image of, 12, 13, 205.
Revelation as to Book of Gospels,
65, 68, 70, 250 ; as to Dunholme,
66, 71.
Revestry, 8, 9, 19, 30, 96, 167, 187,
200, 210, 277, 303 ; the vestry,
body of St. Cuthbert kept in, 103,
285 ; chamber over end of, 169 ;
men appertaining to, 22.
Revester dour, 19, 77 ; the vestry
door.
Revestry, of St. Nicholas' Church,
108, 288.
Reyner, 237, 263, 268*.
Reynwaldus (Ra^gnald, a viking),
143-
Rhone, department of, 242.
Richard, St., shrine of, 284.
Richard, bishop of Dunkeld, 151,
152 ; Richard, bishop of Sodor,
etc, 151, 152.
Richard I, 20, 21, 74; II, 20 ; III, 20,
21, 106*, 288.
Richardby, Joh., 146.
Richardson, John, xvii, 61, 62.
Richmond, 260, 266, 268.
Rievanlx, Cartulary of, 195.
Rimbault, Cheque-book of Chapel
Royal, 231.
Ring', 39, 224.
Rings on corners of shrine cover, 4.
Ringers, 39, 40, 224.
Ringing of bells, 39, 40, 224 ; use of
term, 224.
Ripon, 127, 128, 131, 142; Bone-
house at, 245, 314 ; Alchfrith's
monaster}' at, 138, 142 ; Celtic
monks at, 236 ; Chapter Acts of,
201 ; flight to, 65, 70 ; mile-crosses
at, 227 ; processional cross at,
201 ; St. Wilfrid abbot in, 50.
Rising in the North, 231.
Rites of Durham, censure on, 161,
297 ; date of, 161, 165 ; eulogium
on, 297 ; Hunter's edition of, MS.
notes in, 169, 301 ; supposed author
of, xiv.
Road, old, to river, 273.
Robert (de Insula ?), bishop, 154.
Robert, bishop of Ross, 152*.
Robson, Mr., 170.
Robynson, Will., 146.
Rochester, bishops of, see Merton ;
diocese of, 157.
Rock, monk lying on, 115, 290.
Rock, Dr., Church of our Fathers,
194, 203, 255 ; Hierurgia, 200.
Rodes, Rob, 276.
Rogation days, 287.
Roger, bishop of Coventry and
Lichfield, 153.
Roger, bishop of Ross, 158.
Roll, MS., of Rites, x, xvi.
Rolls (Durham Account Rolls)
referred to, Notes, passim.
Roman Catholics, what some say of
St. Cuthbeit's body, 167, 286.
Roman letters, 285 ; rite, 204, 287.
Roman soldiers on sepulchres, 204.
Romanby, 253.
Rome, 134*, 135 ; bishop William I
goes to, 72 ; Capuchins at, 285 ;
church of St. Peter at, 134, 315 ;
Emperors of, xi ; MS. Gospels
brought from, 248 ; Paschal can-
dlesticks in, 202 ; pestilence in,
287.
Rome, Tho., 118, 291.
Rood, Black, of Scotland, 18, 19,
24, 25, 210 ; Bound, 41, 226, 303,
303«. ; the great, 220, 302, 303 ;
holy, 6, 198 ; over Jesus Altar,
33-'
Roods, 18*, 19, 25.
Rood doors, the two, ^2, 221, 303.
Rood-loft, 34, 219, 220, 221.
Rood-loft, stone wall connected
With, 32, 221.
Rood Well, 24, 215.
Rooms, 20, 212.
Root of Jesse, 42, 228.
Rope, strong, of shrine-cover, 4.
Ross, bishops, see Robert, Roger.
Ross, J., xvii.
Rothomagus (Rouen), 128.
Rouen (Rothomagus), 128, 201 ;
Paschal at, 202.
Rounton ? (Runton), 138.
Rowe of blue marble, 34, 35, 222.
Roxburghshire, 295.
Royal descent of bishop Pudsey,
Royal visit, 122, 292.
Rud, Catalogue of MSS., 230, 239,
263.
Rufus, see Gaufridus.
Rule, see Benedict.
Rundel, Dr., 272.
Runic characters, 247, 285.
Runton (Rounton?), 138.
Rupert of Deutz, 229.
Ruphus, S., monastery of, 125, a
house of regular canons near
Valence. Adrian IV (Nicholas
Breakspear) was the only English-
INDKX.
345
man that ever became Pope. He
succeeded in 1 154 and died in
1 1 59.
Rush, 66*, 71, -'40*.
Ruspe, 131, jo;,.
Rulhall, Tho., bishop, 2 10.
Ryton, 159.
Sabbatum Sanctum (Easter Even).
Sabina, 63.
Sac, Sacca, 137, -'04; "jurisdiction
in matters of dispute." — Slubbs,
Select Charters, Glossary.
Sacrament, the holy, borne in
procession, 13, 107 ; enclosed in
"picture" of Christ, 12, 205.
Sacrament-house, 19c). At the
Church of St. Machar in Old
Aberdeen they had in 1559 " the
covering1 of the sacrament house,
with ane antipend for the lady
altare of blew and yellow broig
satin. Item, ane antipend for the
sacrament house with a dornick
towle to the sa.me."—J?egistru»i
Episcopatus Aberdonensis (Edinb.
1845), 1, Pref. App., xc.
Sacrilege by dean Home, 239, 240.
Sacring bells, 26, 216.
Sacrist, 145, 264, 275, 278; chamber
of, 98 ; establishment of, at
Sacriston heugh, 279 ; five gromi
of, 146 ; office ot, 97 ; servant or
scholar of, 1.
Sacrist's checker, 18, 22, 97, 98,
170, 210, 211, 278, 300; passage
to roof of, ^2 ; roll, 220.
Sacriston, 214.
Sacristy, 300.
Sacriston heugh, 97, 279.
Sad, 147, 295.
Sadberge bought by Bishop Pudsey,
141 ; earldom of, 74, 2^4.
Sage-, 2S3.
Sagersten, Master, 97.
Saint, local, shrine of, 229.
Saints, local, paragraphs on, 292 ;
northern, xix ; see under their
names, 113 ; names of, in Litany,
bowing at, 191 .
Saint, T., xviii.
Si. Albans, 194 ; loft at, 209 ; screen
at, 221*; shrines at, 196'; two
doors at, 198.
St. Augustine's, Canterbury, Cus-
tomary of, 194.
St. David's, bishops of, see Lynd-
wode.
St. Gall, plan of, 206.
St. Margaret's Cross, 105, 287.
St. Margarettes waird, wood or
cupboard ', 97, 279.
Salamis, 132.
Salamond, Job., 144, 143.
Salisbury, bishops of, see Osmund ;
Cathedral of, 203 ; fox ami geese
at, 277; Jesus anthem at, 221 ;
see Sarum.
Salisbury Crags, 215.
Salome, 1 15.
Salt and water, 302.
Salts (saltcellars'), S 1 .
Salve, the, 86, 267, 268.
Salve of Jesus, 222.
Salve Regina, 221, 267, 268*.
Salve Rex, 222.
Salves, singing of, 231.
Salvi, S6, 267.
Sampson, S., 129.
Sancroft, archbishop of Canterbury,
160 ; prebendary, 160.
Sanctuarium Dunelm. el Beverlac. ,
226, 227.
Sanctuary, the, 41, 42, 226.
Sanctuary crosses, 227 ; grate, 303 ;
men, gown of, 42 ; maintenance
of, 42.
Sanctuary yard, the cemetery garth ;
see Centory Garth.
Sanderson, Pair., xvii, xviii ; his
edition of Kites, 258* ; Rob., 146;
Will, (ballivus de Shells), 145.
Sandwich St. Peter, crypt at, 246.
Sandwich Wills, 220.
Sara and Tobias, 172.
Saracens, the, 132.
Sartre, Sarlrina, 296.
Sarlry, well at, 296.
Sarum, see Breviary, Missal, Pro-
cessional, Salisbury.
Satchel for book, 250.
Savignv, 242.
Sawyer, 145.
Saxon terms, 137, 294.
Scallop, 224.
Sceptre in hand of B.V., 110; of
Henry VI, 49; of St. Oswald, 116,
117. I«9-
Sceptre, see Mace.
Schmidt, see Smith, Bern.
Scholastical and moderate con-
gratulation, 89.
School in Farmery without gates,
9.*.
School master ot the Farmery, 01,
Schoolmaster, his livery ot " sad,'
'47. -95-
Scilla, a bell, 260.
Scot, Geo., 145.
346
INDEX.
Scotch prisoners defaced Neville
tombs, 58, 244 ; in the church, 39,
40.
Scoli, 1 28.
Scots, coming' of, 16 ; destroyed
organs, etc., 163 ; invaded
Bishopric, 299 ; king of, 95 ;
miraculously restrained, 22 ; sent
prisoners, 14, 206 ; subjugated,
137 ; swallowed up, 139.
Scotland, coming of St. Cuthbert
into, 35; progress of Charles I to,
97 ; two kings of, 138, 139.
Scott, Sir G., Cleaning's, 196.
Scottish lives of St. Cuthbert, 35 ;
sea, 138 ; writers, 56, 242.
Screen of wainscot, 38, 224, 226.
Screens, places of, accounted for,
, 303-
Screen work of altar, 124; of fere-
tory, 198.
Scribe, 144.
Scrip, with St. James, 1 17.
Scriptores tres, Notes, passim.
Scripture, texts of, 15, 18.
Scriptures, studied by monks, 88*.
Scroop of Masham, arms of, 255.
Scudamore, Notitia Eucharistica,
^ 194-
Scutcheon, with arms of Hatfield,
19; of Langley, i 10, 119; of
Neville, 30.
Scutcheons, of arms attributed to
saints, 116; certain, 119; on
Neville's Cross, 27.
Sea-unicorn, 276.
Sea water, stains of, 248.
Seals, of bishops, 291.
Seat, the old, in transept, 34, 114,
290.
Seaton, Will., 1 12.
Sebba, Rex Orientalium Saxonum,
125.
Seeker, Mr., 272.
Secret concerning St. Cuthbert, 168.
Secretarius, 275, 278.
Secrelum Dormitorii, 266.
Seculars admitted to infirmary, 271 ;
evil lives of, 140.
Secular power, 89.
Sedilia, 205.
Segersten, the sacristan.
Seggersten hewgh, 97, 279.
Segresters Exchequer, 300 ; see
Sacrist's checker.
Selby, aumbries at, 193 ; Jesse win-
dow at, 228 ; visitors at, 284.
Seller, 80, 90, 268 ; cellar.
Selling, Prior of Canterbury, 262.
Selsey, 128.
Sence, 107, 288.
Sentory garth, 53 ; the cemetery
garth ; see Centory.
Sentrie, 41 ; sanctuary.
Sentuarie or Sentuarie garth, 52,
53, 68 : the cemetery garth ; see
Centory.
Septuagesima, 276.
Sepulchre, modern Roman cere-
mony of, 205.
Sepulchre (Easter), 12*, 204. We
cannot be sure that there was no
stone structure at Durham, so
that the note on p. 204 should
have been expressed differently.
The sepulchre itself was usually, if
not always, a moveable closet,
box, or " coffin " of wood, which
was placed in a more or less
elaborate stone recess in the north
wall of the chancel. For a great
number of examples see H. J.
Feasey, Ancient English Holy
Week Ceremonial, 1897, 129-178 ;
not regarded as necessary, 205.
Sepulchres, wooden, 204.
Sepulchre cloths, 204, 205.
Seraphim, 122, 292.
Serapion, S., 130, 293.
Sermons by monks at parish
churches, 104 ; o\\ Sundays and
holy days, 39, 46, 224.
Servants, list of, 144, 294* ; numbers
of, 283.
Servers, weekly, in kitchen, 275.
Servitors of the church, 38*.
Set, 40 ; Durham for " sit " ; here =
kneel.
Sethar, 146, 294.
Sewing, 282.
Seven-branched candlesticks, 202.
Se\ ille (Hispala), 127.
Sext, office of, 175.
Sexton's checker, 18, 210 ; see
Sacrist's.
Shakspeare, 249.
" Sham " St. Cuthbert, 285.
Sharp, Dr., 160, 272.
Sharp's MS., 159, 296.
Shaving, 270.
Shaving-house, 270.
Shaw, Alex., jun., 162, 298.
Sheet with St. Aidan's soul, 121.
Sheets, 99, 100, 282.
Sherburn (Dorset), 130; (Durham)
Hospital of, 73, 141, 253.
Sheffield, Nich., 164/;.
Shereman, Will., 163.
Sherwood, Job., bishop, 210.
Shields, South (Shells), 145.
Ship driven back, 65, 70.
Ships (for incense), 9, 201.
INDEX.
347
of,
94.
md
Shirts, 100, jSj.
Shop, tailor's, 100.
Shoroton, J oh., 146.
Short read good road, 55, 240.
Shrewsbury, frater pulpit at, 200.
Shuffield, Anno, 1(14.
Shuffield, Nich., 104.
Shrine, of the Ven. Bede, 44, 46, 73.
233, 303 ; of Corpus Christi in St.
Nicholas' church, 69, 107, 251,
288 ; of St. Cuthbert, 2*, 3, 4*,
44, 45, 38, 73, 196, u)7, 27b ; clerk
of, 27b ; cover of, drawn up on
certain festivals, 4 ; defaced, 102 ;
gifts to, 5, t> ; looks at corners of,
04, 03 ; recesses under, 4, 196 ;
shewing of, to men of honour or
worship, 94 ; substructure of, its
conveyance from London to Dur-
ham, 196.
Shrine, see Fereture, sense 2.
Shrine-covers, mechanism of, 4, 197,
2S7 ; that of St. Bode, 45, 2S7.
Shrine-keeper, 27b ; colleague
27b.
Shrines, keys of, 94, 95, 96.
"Shrines" (of Altars), 2,
Canopied tombs at York
Beverley have been commonly
called " Archbishop Bowet's
shrine," and "the Percy shrine."
Sibilla, queen of Scots, 20, 21.
Sick, offices for, 51, 237.
Sigibert, king, 126, 129; baptized,
,I33« M--
Siggeston, 138.
Sign, bookseller's, of Bible and
Crown, xvii ; of King's Head,
xv ; ol Mr. Pope's Head, xviii.
Silk, blue, 171 ; gold and red, 8;
green, 171 ; rod, 171 ; white, 7
171.
Silver, blackening of, 19, 210 ; hooks
of, 27b ; images of, 19, 23 ; pro-
cessional cross and staff of, 105 ;
offered, 94, 27b.
Simeon Dunelm., sec Symeon.
Simey, Ra., 2i>b.
Simmons, Layfolks' Massbook, 200 \
Singing-breads, 1, 2, 193. 218.
Singing men, 1(14 ; vestry of, 213.
Singyll cloth, 14b, 147, 294.
Sitting on knees, 4, 11, 34, 32, 107,
196, 288, 289 ; Durham for kneel-
ing.
Six o'clock bell, 1 07 ; prayers, 264.
Skeat, Etj mological Dictionary, 258,
. -77. 339. 348.
Skill's or Skelus, Geo. and Ra., 286.
Skirlaw, Skirlaugh, or Schirley,
wrongly Skirlam, Walter, bishop.
18, 59, 121, 165, 209, 245, 300;
altar of, <)7 ; arms of, 110", 120,
165, 169, 209, 255, 28<). The
bishop is said to have boon the
son of a sieve-maker, " hut it
seems highly probable I hat the
tradition arose from the bearing
on the bishop's shield of arms —
six osier-wands interlaced." —
Murray's Durham Cathedral , iSixj,
355. Godwin does not mention
this tradition, but Lelaiul does :
" His Fathar, as some say, was a
Makar of Ciffenes for Meale."
It in., Hearne's ed., 1744, Vol.
viii, p. 9 ; marg. fol. 32a.
" Ciffene " seems to be a word
allied to Ciftc and Cyft, obsolete
forms of Sift \ bench in chapel of,
209 ; benefactions of, 73, 76, 254 ;
body of, 18, 209; chantry chapel
of, 209 ; executors of, 253 ; for-
merly bishop of Lichfield and of
Wells, 73 ; grave-cover of, 18,
209.
Slater (valect.), 143.
Slawghterman (grotnus), 14b.
Sleaven on, 93, 277.
Smales, the lame boy, 300.
Smart, Ja., 163, 164.
Smith (faber), 143.
Smith's work, 246.
Smith, Smyth or Smylhe, Bern., 164,
299* ; Edw., 143, ib2*, 298 ; Job.,
97 ; Job., Dr., his edition of Bede,
160, 197, 230, 233; Rob., 90;
Will., 162, 298' ; Will., sen., 162,
29S ; Will., bishop of Lincoln, 220.
Smoked black images, 19, 23, 210.
Socks, 97 ; and boots put on the
dead, 31, 32, 237 ; whole and half,
100; of woollen cloth, 100.
Socket for banner, 9b, 277 ; of
Neville's Cross, 27, 217.
Socne, 137, 204;S0Ca, "jurisdiction;
interpellatio majoris audientice, a
liberty, privilege or franchise,
granted by the king to a subject ;
also the area within which that
franchise is exercised.'' — Stubbs.
Sodor, .Man, and the Isles, bishops,
sec Richard.
Solarium Caritatis, 2b8.
Solder, used in Neville's Cross, 27,
28.
Sole, 83 : sill of a window.
Sole stone, 27 ; the foundation stone
ot Neville's Cross, on which the
socket Stone was lixed.
Somerset, Joh., 123.
348
INDEX.
Somner, Mr., Lite of, 297 ; on
Roman Ports, 297.
Song-school, in cloisters, by Trea-
sury, 97, 263, 264, 278 ; in Centory
Garth, 62, 247 ; do., disused and
decayed, 63 ; formerly Sexton's
checker, 97 ; Langley's, 44 ; in
south aisle of Lantern, 264 ;
master of, 43, 164, 165, 231 ; Old,
170.
Song-schools, 18, 22, 164, 209, 299.
Sophronius, 135.
South Bailey, 84, 263.
South door of church, 6t ; holy-
water stone at, 38.
South grates, why so called, 273.
South Kensington Museum, 202.
South quire door, 8, 9, 77, 200.
South Saxons, 128.
Southwark, 240.
Sovereigns, pedigrees ct\ xi.
Spalter, 52*, 238.
Spark or Sparke, bishop suffragan,
etc., 39, 100, 166, 224, 225, 282,
288, 300.
Speaker's Commentary, 200.
Spear point, banner on, 23.
Spekehouse, 238.
Spencer, arms of, 255.
Spendement or Splendement, 263.
Spices, 99; against Lent, 101, 283.
Spirit, wicked, in likeness of a
woman, 120.
Spiritual Court, 252.
Spital, the, at Northallerton, 253.
Splendement, le, see Spendement.
Spouts of lavatory, 262.
Sprinkling, 302, 303.
Square, 22, 213.
Square taper, 11, 203.
Stable under porch of Almery, 91*.
Stabuli gromus, 146.
Staff of St. Christopher, no, 113,
289 ; forked, for taking down or
raising St. Cuthbert's banner, 96 ;
and cross in hand of St. James,
116 ; in hand of St. Michael, 115.
Staindrop, 137.
Stairs to Anchorage, 17, 209 ; near
clock, 167, 168, 301 ; to Dean's
hall, 99, 101, 284 ; to Loft, 87*,
269. '
Stair head, of Almery, 91, 273.
Stall, of Bishop of Durham, 211 ;
where novices learned, 84, 85,
264; or seat, for master of novices,
84, 264.
Stalls on either side of corpse, 52 ;
in quire, 14.
Stamford, 139.
Stammine, 97, 100, 282. (1) woollen
cloth or linsey-woolsey ; (2) shirts,
etc., made thereof, as now we
speak of " flannels." Otherwise
Tamine or Tammy, a kind of stuff,
from Old Fr. est amine, con-
nected with stamen, a thread,
" the warp standing up in an
upright loom,'' Skeat.
Stanchels, 68, 74 ; stanchions or
upright bars. In the case of
windows, the iron uprights be-
tween the mullions, sometimes the
mullions themselves.
Stanchell, 83 ; a mullion.
Stanley, Memorials of Canterbury,
196.
Star, of Bethlehem, in glass, 47 ; of
great compass, 40.
Stars, little gilted, 38 ; of gold, 38,
40 ; or mullets, 1 19.
Statues of founders, etc., on steeple,
, 93-
Status or lists, of ferelrars, 288.
Statutes, alleged order in, 265.
Staves of iron, for shrine-cover, 5,
197.
Steel indicated by blue glass, 290.
Steeple, a square-topped tower that
never had a spire, 92, 274*.
Stephanus, S. (abbas), 135.
Stephen, king, 20, 21 ; said to have
been uncle of bishop Pudsey, 55,
^ 73, 228, 241, 252.
Stephen, St., 1 13.
Steps, to pulpit in Galilee, 46 ; in
the quire, 10, II, 14*, 182, 187,
202 ; etc., to reading desk in
frater, 82.
Sternhold and Hopkins, 217.
Stewart, Ely Cathedral, 247, 271,
277.
Stichell, Rob., bishop, 55, 242, 243 ;
formerly Prior of Finchale, 55 ;
founded Great ham Hospital, 256.
Stobbs, Ric, 146.
Stockton, 243.
Stoles, 10, 57, 172, 175, 180, 185,
187, 190, 201, 221, 293.
Stone, one, two bishops under, 54,
55-
Stones in hand of St. Stephen, 113.
Stone cutter, 295.
Stone-henge, 262.
Stonyhurst College, 250.
Stool or seat for porter, 78, 257.
Stooles (stoles) and fannels, 10, 201.
Storehouse, 75.
Storer, Cathedrals, 259.
Strangers, 99, 100 ; not suffered to
molest novices, 84, 85.
INDEX.
J49
Stratford, Joh., archbishop of Can-
terbury, 158,
Strictus pannus, narrow cloth ? 147.
Strype, Life of Parker, 2(13.
Stuhbs, Glossary to Select Charters,
329, 345, 347, 349, 351, 353.
Reg. Sacr. Angl., jji), 295.
Studying in carrells, 83, 262 ; in
cloister till 3 p.m., 87.
Subdeacon without tunicle, 179, 182.
Subprior, or Supprior, 81, 93, 112,
250, j<>4, 2t>7, 275 ; liis chamber,
S<>, 93 ; dined and supped with
whole convent, 86, 267 ; sat as
chief among the monks at table,
87*. 93. 275-
Subsacrist, 265.
Sudbury, dean, 164, 257, 260 ; Sir
John, 260.
Suffragan, 19, 39, 224.
Sufraigne, 19 ; a suffragan bishop.
Sulpicius, S., 1 28.
Sulpicius Severus, 13c.
Summer hall, 281.
Sun, gilt star like to, 40 ; and moon,
in glass, 47 ; wanting- light, 1 14.
Sunbeam shining on St. Cuthbert,
118.
Sunbeams on St. Oswald, 119.
Sunday, sermon on, in Galilee, 39,
46, 224.
Sundays and holy days, sermon on,
in Galilee, 46.
Sunday letter, 292 ; morning, holy-
water stones rilled on, 38 ; pro-
cession on, 172, 179, 302.
Sunderland, 145.
Superstrueture in steeple, 93.
Supper, 93 ; ended at 5 p.m., 86.
Suppression, the, ix, xv, 6, 7, 39,
()j, 63, 68, 73, 75, 91*, 92, 95, 101,
102*, 104, 198, 207, 224 ; see
Dissolution.
Surplice, worn by clerk of feretory,
96, 277.
Surtees, arms of, 255 ; History of
Durham, 157//., 240, 242, 254, 25b ;
do., Plates of seals in, 291.
Suspent, 39, 22$.
Sussex Archasol. Collections, 266.
Suthfeld, Walt, de, bishop of Nor-
wich, 151, 152.
Swallwell, Dr., 18, 210; Edw., 145;
The., 146.
Swan pool, 261.
Sweeping and cleaning, 22.
Sweetmeats for Maundy, 256.
Swell, of organ, 300.
Swift, Mr.. 100, 28a ; Rob., 206.
Sword with St. [Catherine, 115; in
hand of St. Michael, 1 13.
269,
-- },
7".
Swythelm, king, 129.
Symeon, holy, 173*, 174*.
Symeon ol Durham, xix//.,
-•7° : Hist. Eccl. Dunelm.,
234, 240, 247*, 24S, 2 49< , 250,
293* ; Rolls edition of, 197, 24
Rlld's edition of, 22S, 234, 241 ;
continuator of, 22X, 252 \ narrative
based o\\, 250 ; Opera et Collec-
tanea, Surtees Soc, I, 11)7, 213,
227*, 234, 241.
Symson, Joh., 286.
Tabernacle, for Sacrament, 199.
Table in f rater, 82 ; in treasury, 84*
263.
Table cloths. Si, 99 ; napkins, 99.
Table Hall at Canterbury, 270.
Table, 33, 40, 221, 225 ; of pardons,
43i 230 ; triptych, ^t„ 221.
Tablets, for names of persons to be
prayed for, 208.
Tabula pacis, 200.
Tabulae, pictures, 233.
Tabulae, substitute for bells, 1S3,
187.
Tached, 13, 203.
Tackets for sepulchre, 204.
Tailor, Chamberlain's, 100.
Tailors, 283.
Tailors' shop, 296.
Taking to pieces, 9, 13, 206, 209.
Tallis, Tho. , epitaph of, 231.
Tallow for cressets, 3, 22 ; see S5 ;
195. 213.
Tamine or Tammy, 348.
Tapers, 9, 11, 12, 201.
Taperers, 302.
Tarragona (Terraco), 130.
Tasselled canopy, 203.
Taunton, on Black Monks, 277.
Tavernum (Therouane), 130.
Tavistock Abbey, 282.
Taylor, Mr., 300.
Taylyour, Tho., 144.
Team, 294 ; "the right of compelling
the person to whose hands stolen
or lost property was found to
vouch to warranty, that is, to
name the person from whom he
received it."--Stubbs.
Te Deum, shrine exposed during
i)4, 276; sung, 107, 205, 214.
Te Deum window, 32, 78.
Teasdale, — , 164.
Tees, river, 137, 143, 231.
Tees and Tvne, land between, 137.
Tempest, arms of, 235.
Temple, the Inner, 21)7.
Temporal law, 89 ; men, offences
of, 89.
35°
INDEX.
Tenter hooks, 276 ; originally hooks
for attaching cloth to the
" tenters " on which it was
stretched ; hence any similar
hooks.
Terce, 172, 179, 279.
Terence, 263.
Terraco (Tarragona), 130.
Terrarii gromus, 146.
Terrer, S9, 90, 99, 272, 281.
Terrer's chamber, 100 ; checker, 99,
281.
Terrors' rolls, 281.
Tersanctus, 216.
Testamenta Eboracensia, 324, 341*.
Textus (tectos ?), 262.
Thanksgiving, public, ix.
Theodore, St., archbishop of Canter-
bury, 127, 131*, 133, 134, 135.
Theodulphus, S., 130.
Theonas, S., 134.
Theophanius, 126.
Therouane (Tavernum), 130.
Thirlby, Tho., bishop of Ely, 285.
Thirteen poor men's feet washed,
256.
Thmuis, 293.
Thockerington, 218.
Tholetum (Toledo), 128.
Thomas, a monk, 114, 120; St.,
114, 116; feast of, 229 ; of Canter-
bury, St., martyrdom of, 119;
bishop of Enaghdun, 152, 158.
Thompson, Sir E. M., xiv ; Biblio-
graphica, 248 ; Customary edited
by, 194 ; English Illuminated
MSS., 248.
Thomson, Ant., 146 ; Tho., 145.
Thorney, 130.
Thorns and thickets, 66, 71, 249.
Thornton, passage at, 238.
Thornton, Roger, brass of, 320.
Thorough carved work, 79 ; see
Through.
Thorp, archdeacon, 159.
Thread, white and black, 282.
Threserhouse, treasure house, q.v.
Threshfield, x, xi.
Thrones (angels), 292.
Throsby referred to, 208.
Through (of marble or stone), 15,
44, 59, 60*, 68, 87, 207, 233.
Through stone, over tomb of St.
Cuthbert in the cloisters, 68, 74.
Through stones, 59, 60*.
Through carved work, 33, 79 ;
perforated or open-work, in which
the wood is cut through so as to
show either day-light or plain
wood, or some gilding or colour
at the back of it.
Thurible, at blessing of paschal,
188 ; empty, bearer of, 185, 187 ;
kindled from the new fire, 186,
187 ; see Censers.
Thuribler, 179*.
Thurstinus, 128, 293.
Thwart, athwart, 118.
Tingle nails (tynkyll nayll), the
smallest nails, sprigs, or tacks,
260.
Tipt staffe, 8, 200 ; a staff tipped
with silver or with some device, a
verger's mace.
To, 92, 274 ; in the presence of.
Tobias, 172.
Todde, Dr., 99.
Tol, 294 ; toll, duty on imports.
Toledo (Tholetum), 128.
Toll, to sound a bell in a particular
way, 39, 224.
Toll booth, 107, 288.
Tomb, money laid on, 276 ; of
bishop Beck, 2, 194 ; of St. Bede,
examinations of, 235; of St. Cuth-
bert in the cloisters, 68, 74, 251 ;
made by bishop William I, 73 ;
the windows in connexion with,
77- 255 ; of St- Godric, 253.
Tombs, canopied, called "shrines,"
347-
Tombstone, of bishop Beaumont, 15,
206 ; of bishop de Bury, 2, 194.
Tombstones, in Mrs. Whittingham's
yard, 62, 246 ; profaned by dean
Whittingham, 60.
Torches, 13 ; appertaining to ban-
ners, 107, 108.
Towels, 83, 262 ; ambry or closets
for, 79, 257, 262* ; do., bill for
making of, in 1433, Scr. Tres,
App. No. cccxlvii.
Tower, battle watched from, 2T4 ;
central, 213 ; N. W., 224.
Tower lights, or windows, 48, 50,
51, no, in*, 112*, 113*, 114, 115*,
116*, 117*, 121, 122*, 236, 237,
289 ; same as turret lights, q.v.
Towle bowth, 107, 288.
Townsend, Dr., 230.
Tracts sung by two in albes, 189.
Trade guilds, 288.
Traditions as to St. Cuthbert, 301.
Trajectum (ad Mosam, Maestricht),
130. i32-
Transept, north, 302 ; south, 168,
301, 303-
Transepts, see Alley, of Lantern.
Transeptal chapel, 210.
Translation of Bishop Eadmund, 55.
Translations of early bishops, 240 ;
INDEX.
35 '
ot St. Bede, 45, 4<> ; of St. Cuth-
bert, <>3, (>7, 69.
Transoms, 291.
Trap door, Si), 272.
Travellers, provision for, 89.
Treasure of tin* church, 83*, 263,
295.
Treasurer of the Chapter, 277 ;
duties of, 202.
Treasurers' books, 278, 29S, 209.
Treasure-house, S3*, 84*, 263, 264,
265, 27S ; ambries in, 263.
Treasury, chests in, 84, 263, 264 ;
documents in, 217.
Treasure house door, 84, 85, 263.
Treasury, the now, 84, 2(13.
Trecasina (Trows), 132.
Trellis, 37, 223 ; holes connected
with, 223.
Trellis door, 37, 221, 223.
Trent, river, 138.
Tresaunce, le, 259.
Triehecus Rosmarus, 276.
Trinity, Holy, representations of,
30, 290, 292.
Trinity Sunday, procession on, 105,
106 ; Thursday after, 107.
Triple crown, 1 15.
Triptych (see Table).
Tristram, canon, 290, 296.
Trithemius, De Scr. Eccl., 234.
Triumphal entry, 180, 181.
Troves (Trecasina), 132.
Tunycle for the Pascall, 202. Pro-
bably for the deacon at the
blessing of the paschal ; see p.
.87.
Tunicle, 221 ; sub-deacon without,
179, 182.
Tunstall, Cuthb., bishop, 39, i66>
245, 286, 288.
Turgot, prior, 55, 56*, 67*, 72, 240,
241, 242, 250; as bishop of St.
Andrews, 56*, 242 ; carried to
Durham for burial, 56, 242.
Turret windows or lights, 109*,
110*, 111*, 114*, 119*, 120*, 121,
122, 236, 289.
Tutor, see Novices.
Twelve lessons, feasts of, 191.
Two bodies in one grave, 240.
Tyled stone, 86, 267 ; stone pavers
resembling tiles.
Tyler, Tlio., 164.
Tymensis episcopus (of Thmuis in
Egypt?), 130, 2^)1.
Tyndall, Ric, 145.
Tyndes, 24 ; the lines or pointed
branches of t lie horns of deer.
Tyne, river, 135, 137, 139.
Tyne and Tees, land between, 236.
Tyne and Wear, lands between, 139.
Tynemouth, <>), 1 49.
Tynemouth, John of, 293.
Udalric, 262.
Ugenius, bishop, 76.
(Jmfreville, arms of, 233.
Underwood, Joh., 144.
Unicorn horn, 04, 276.
University Coll. Oxon. MS., 196.
Urban us V, pope, 1 23.
L'rbs Legion um (Caerieon-on-Usk,
[sea Silurum), 1 20,.
Urceoli, cruets, 171, 201.
Ursinus, 133.
Usher, Gentleman, 256.
Usher door, 78, 87, go, 238, 256,
269, 273.
Uthred, earl ot Northumberland, 66,
71, 251.
Utware, 294 ; " explained as a grant
of land by the king from the public
land : Thorpe" — Stubbs.
Valectus, 144, 294.
Yalectus carter, 143 ; cellarii vini,
144 ; COCUS d'ni Prioris, 145 ;
parvae donuis, 143 ; promptuarii,
294 ; refectorii, 145 ; sclater, 145 ;
stabuli, 144 ; terrarii, 143.
Yalecti, liveries of, 144, 147; clerici,
144 ; offieiariorum, 143.
Valence, 344.
Valencia, 129.
Valhalla, 237.
Vandals (Wandales), 137.
Van Mildert, Will., bishop, 243.
Varnish, green, 30; red or sanguine,
5, .9, 32, Si.
Varnished work, 2, 3, 19, 30, 32, 40.
Vault (charnel) in Gentry garth,
59, 243 ; a little, called the Covie,
92, 170, 274 ; candlestick found
hid in, 206 ; the middle, 7, 198 ;
pulley under, 4, 197 ; ot south
quire aisle, 19.
Vaults for bones, 243, 246.
Vaults (groining), 11, 203.
Vaulted basement ot guest hall,
.2~2:
Vaulting that fell in, 272.
Vecta (Wight), 128.
Velvet, black, 171 ; of divers colours,
171 ; red, 7, 171 ; red and gold,
for sepulchre, 12 ; red and white,
of St. Cuthbert's banner, 26, ge.
Vere, arms of, [69, 255.
Verger, 256 ; old, port rait of, 200.
Vergers, s, <), 200, 2O3.
Verses, Latin, 124; in glass, 76,
233 ; on St. Bede's shrine, 43, 233.
152
INDEX.
Verty, Cuthbert, 146.
Vespers, 276, 301.
Vestibule, 226.
Vestment, 57, 221, 243 ; often used
of a complete set of Eucharist ic
vestments ; red, 1 18.
Vestments, 8, 17, 22, 98, 171 ; suits
of, 32, 221 ; and plate, given to
St. Cuthbert, 106*.
Vestry, 8, 9, 19, 162, 211, 278;
ordinations in, 19, 212 ; organ-loft
near, 163 ; used by Minor Canons,
211.
Vestry house, 162; glass in, 117,
118.
Vestries, constructed outside, 218.
Vicar general, Prior Turgot made,
67, 72.
Vice Prior, 94*, 259, 275, 284.
Vietoris, S., abbas, 125.
Vigor, S., 133.
Villains, great, 169*.
Viollet le Due, on bonehouses, 315.
Vincentius Lirineu.sis, 135.
Viretum Palatii, 298.
Virgil, 263.
Virgin, the B., and St. John, figures
of, on processional crosses, 201.
Virtues (angels), 292.
Viscera interred separately, 241.
Vision, king David's, 24 ; Prior
Fossour's, 2T,.
Visitatio tumuli, 269.
Visitations of monastery, 102. 108,
284, 285.
Visitation Articles, of archbishop
Cranmer, 201.
Visitors, 102*, 103*, 284, 286.
Vitas Patrum, 267.
Wafers for letters, 194 ; at Maundy,
78, 79, 256.
Wages, allowance of money to a
monk to find him apparel, 97 ;
never received by novices, 97,
278 ; of Prior's household, 101 ;
of servants, 99.
Waghorn, Mrs., xvii.
Wainscot, 2 ; the usual term for
oak as used in church or house-
hold fittings, such as panelling,
ambries, etc. The word is a
corruption of the Old Dutch
waeghe-schot, wall-boarding. —
Skeat ; aumbries of, 5, 83, 98,
262 ; about altars, viz., of the
Bound rood, 41 : of Jesus, 32, 33 :
of the Neville porch, 40 : of Our
Ladv, 43, 44, 230 ; at back of Black
Rood, 18, 19 ; etc., burnt, 163 ;
carrells and their doors of, 83 ;
ceiling of, in cloisters, 77, 254 ;
ceiling of, within East Cloister
door, 40 ; chambers of, in dorter,
85, 266 ; imbroidered work of, 80,
258 ; partitions of, 2 ; pictures on,
1 13 ; Prior Castell's, in frater, 80,
257 ; reredos of, 212 ; sawn for
sepulchre, 204 ; screen of, 38*,
224, 226 ; screen of, over table in
frater, 82 ; seats and partitions of,
in Privies, 86 ; shrines of, 2 ;
shrine-covers of, 4, 45 ; stalls of,
84, 85, 264.
Waird, 97, 279.
Waiting at table, 90.
Wakefield, old Park at, 294.
Walbran, Guide to Ripon, 193, 245.
Walcher, bishop, 55, 240, 243 ; acts
of, 140 ; proposed monks, 140* ;
slain, 140*.
Walcott, Scotimonasticon, 199 ;
Traditions, etc., 265.
Walking on the sea (St. Peter), 121.
Wall broken through, 2, 194.
Wall-benches in chapter-house, 243.
Wall-lockers, 199.
Wall-painting, 226.
Wall-paper on roof-timbers, 296.
Walnuts, 101, 284.
Walrus, 276.
Walton's Polyglot, 247.
Walworth, 23.
Wand of silver, for banner, 26.
Wandales (Vandals), 137.
Wanded or wattled kirk, 66, 71,
249, 251*.
Wandes, Wandyd, 66, 249.
Wandragesilus, S., 134.
Warburton, Will., bishop of Glou-
cester, XVH,
Warde Lawe, 66, 71, 249.
Warden Law, 249.
Wardens of the Mass, 220.
Ware, abbot, Consuetudinary of,
194, 278.
Warming-house, 270.
Warmness, footboards for, 62, 79,
243-
Warmington, vestry altar at, 212.
Wars, Danish, cessation of, 65, 70.
Was, 39, 83 ; Durham for were.
Washing before dinner, 82, 262 ; of
dead body, 237.
Washing-house, 60, 246.
Washington, prior, see Wessington.
Watching to God, 14.
Watching-chamber, 211.
Watchmen that lay in the church,
39- 40.
Water chamber, 281.
W'ater conduit in dean's kitchen, 61.
INDEX.
353
Water supply, monastic, 261.
Watkins, H. W., archdeacon, ji>(>.
Watson, Mr., 171 mar-. ; Rog.,
(,)u, j; ',. 281 ; Will., 94, mi, 27s,
284.
Wattled churches, 249.
Walts. Dr., 272.
Waverley, cresset at, 195,
Wax, blessing of, 17- ; for church,
97.
Wax lights, distribution of, 174 ; on
Easter Even, 186, [87.
Waynman (gromus, bis), 146.
Wear (Wirus), river, 73, 134, 139.
Wear mouth (.Monk), 134, 13S, 140,
141, 149 ; monks of, 67, 72.
Weepers, 245.
Weeping, St. John Evany., by
Cross, 1 1 7.
Well, in cloister-garth, xxi, 261 ;
at Sartry, 296.
Well-houses and well connected
with Galilee, 2^2.
Wells, bishops of, see Skirlaugh ;
Cathedral of. plan of, 303;/. ; choir-
screen at, 212; Jesse window at,
22S ; processional stones at, 303.
Wellesley, Dr., horses of, 2-2.
Wendover, Klores Hist., 240.
Wenlock, lavatory at, 261, 262.
Were, 294.
Wergild, 294 ; " the payment for the
slaying of a man." — Stubbs.
Wessington, Weshington, or Wash-
ington, John, prior, xviii, xix/;.,
22. 23, 33, 124;/., 207, 208, 212, 213,
220, 244, 269, 278, 289.
West window, 42, 227.
Westminster Abbey, altar of St.
Faith at, 212; candlestick at,
202 ; common-house at, 270 ;
dresser windows at, 269 ; duties
of westerer at, 212; lavatory at,
261 ; Maundy at, 236 ; Maundy
bench at, 257 ; misericorde at,
268 ; nine-holes at, 277 ; rere-
dorter at, 266; shrine at, 196;
shrine-altar at, 197 ; towel-
ambries at, 262 ; two doors at,
198 ; water supply of, 261.
Westminster Hall, XV.
Westmoreland, earl of, 40, 58, 244.
Westou, Alfredus filius, Westoue,
Elfred, 131, 275, 2S7.
Westwood, Miniatures and Orna-
ments, 24S.
Wheat, 100, 278, 279.
Wheel of St. (Catherine, 112, 113,
1 '5"
Wheels under Archangels, 122.
Wheelwright, 143.
21
Wheler, Sir George, 4<>.
"When- is St. Cuthbert's body?"
286.
Whig, a rank, 169.
Whitby (Qwytby), 128.
Whitby, Dr., (><», ro8, 231, 288.
White, J., xviii.
White church, 67*, 72, 140, 141,
24c), 230, 231.
While glass, ioq, 110, [II, 113*,
116, 117.
Whitehead, Hugh, last Prior and
first Dean, 34, 90, 171 marg., 210,
239-
Whitehede, Rob., 143.
Whitfelde, Tho., 147!
Whithern, 295*.
Whitleather, 279.
Whitsunday, 93 ; procession on,
103, 106.
Whittingham, Daniel and Tim., 246 ;
Will., dean, 26, 39, 169', 170, 216,
2 1 7, 237, 263 ; broke up image of St.
Cuthbert, 68, 75 ; his depredations
on roof of {"rater, 81 ; his hatred
of ancient monuments, 69, 73 ; his
profanations, 60, 61 ; took away
holy-water stones to his kitchen,
61.
Whittingham, dean, and Mrs., wills
of, 246; Katherine, house of, 61,
246 ; her profanations, 26, 61, 62,
217.
\\ iddrington, arms of, 233.
Wight (Vecta), isle of, 128.
Wight, Durham for "weight," 112.
Wigornia (Worcester), q.v.
Wilfrid, St., archbishop of York, 50,
127, 139; in glass, 49, 63, 70.
Wilkins, Concilia, 201, 202, 237, 278,
288.
William 1, king, 20, 21, 137, 141, 212,
294 ; II, king, 20, 21, 33, 138, 141,
241, 242 ; king of Scots, 21, 22;
St., archbishop of York, 118, 230,
2qi ; I, bishop, see Carilef ;
II, bishop, see Barbara; bishop of
Brechin, 133 ; bishop of Caith-
ness, 132* ; bishop of Dunkeld,
133 ; son of Absolon, 233.
Willis, Browne, Cathedrals, 217,
239, 240*, 241*, 242*, 244, 243;
Henrv, organ-builder, 300 ; Pro-
fessor R., on Conventual Buildings
at Canterbury, 26C, 263, 266, 2OS,
271, 333; on Worcester Cathedral,
246.
Willonne, Will, 94.
Willoughby, arms of, 2^z,.
Willoughby de Eresby, Rob. Drum-
mond, 244.
354
INDEX.
Willson, Will., 166.
Wilson, Memorials oi~ Edinburgh,
Winchelsey's Statutes, 26S.
Winchester, 130*, 132 ; bishops of,
Fox, 193 ; chapel of, at, 193 ;
Home, 239 ; candlestick at, 202 ;
Cathedral, 240 ; fireplace at, 194 ;
pelican badge at, 199 ; relic-cup-
board at, 193 ; Rolls at, 275 ;
sacrilege at, 240 ; shrines at,
196* ; two doors at, 198.
Winchester School, 270.
Windlass, in legend of St. Margaret,
120, 291.
Window, at which children had
meat given out, 91, 92, 274 ; St.
Cuthbert's, 3, 196 ; of the Four
Doctors, 31, 220, 222 ; Joseph's,
3, 196 ; St. Katherine'.s, 2, 6,
195" ; Te Deum, 31, 32, 220.
Windows, description of, xi, xii*,
xiii, xiv, xvii, xviii, xviiiw., 109-
122, 2SS-292 ; of laver, 82, 262 ; of
Nine Altars, 93 ; in privies, 86,
266, 267 ; repaired, 98 ; of steeple,
9-2- 93-
Windshole yett, 107*.
Windsor, 243.
Windy Gap, 288.
Wine, in cellar of Guest-hall, 90 ;
for masses, 1, 2, 97 ; for Maundy,
256 ; for monks and for " O," 101 ;
for strangers, 100, 281 ; tun of, in
Sacrist's checker, 97.
Wine cellar, the Dean's, 61.
Winghatn, Henr. de, bishop of
London, 153.
Winter hall, 281.
Winterton, 290 ; sepulchre-cloth at,
T2°-v
Wintringham, Yks., 341.
Wite, 294.
With, Durham for "by" ; "a dozen
cressetts . . . euer filled and
supplied with the cooke," p. 85.
Withan, Edw., 146.
Within, 19, 97, 21 1.
Witton Gilbert, 274.
Witviter, 137, 294.
Wlstanus, S., Wulfstan II, bishop of
Worcester, 130.
Wlstan, Wulfstan II, archbishop of
York, 143.
" Woe worth the day," 354, col. 2.
Wolsingham, rector of, 225.
Wolveston, barngreiff de, 145.
Woman in man's clothes, 134.
Women to have access to the Lady
Chapel, 43*, 229 ; church for, 42,
228 ; excluded, from churches
1 dedicated to St. Cuthbert, 37, 22^,
228 ; from his church by St.
Karileph, 134, 228, 293 ; four aged,
had meat from the Prior's table,
91, 92 ; probably relatives of
monks, 274 ; not suffered to go
further than Abbey gates, 105 ;
not to enter within the precinct,
35' 43- --3 ! not to pass blue
marble cross, 35.
Wood, Anth., 239; Athena: Oxon.,
xv, 161, 297 ; City of Oxford, 228.
Woodstock, 300.
Woodwork burned by Scotch
prisoners, 14, 206 ; none earlier
than 1663, 206.
Wool Church, cressets at, 195.
Woollen underclothing, 282.
Woorde, 231, become. The proper
form is " wurtJen " or "worsen."
It survives in the archaic " Woe
worth the day."
Worcester (Wigornia), 130, 131, 259,
299 ; bishops of, see Wulfstan ;
cellar and cove)' at, 258 ; chamber-
lain at, 282, 283 ; charnel at, 246 ;
frater pulpit at, 260 ; granator at,
282 ; lavatory at, 261 ; officers and
servants at, 275 ; Prior's hall at,
273 ; rere-dorter at, 266*, 267 ;
water supply of, 261.
Wordsworth, Notes on Mediaeval
Services, 200, 218. 256, 279.
Worh, 59, for worth, worthiness.
Wrangham, Chr., 145.
Wrecch, 137, 294; wreck, the right
to the same when cast ashore.
Wrench, Rd., 159.
Wrests, 9, 13, 18, 19, 201, 210.
Wright, John, x, 146; Rog., 99,
275 ; Tho., x.
Writhen, 6, 198. Iron was put
round it in some way to strengthen
it ; perhaps a long strip was
twisted spirally round it. In Test.
Ebor., vi, J72, we find " a writhyne
ryng-e of golde " (c. 1542).
Writing taught, 298.
Writing school, 167.
Wulfstan, see Wlstan.
Wyatt, the architect, 195.
Wycliffe, arms of, 255.
Wyloume, Will., 94.
Wyndowes, windlass, 120, 291.
Wyndshole yett, 107, 288.
Wynter, Joh., 145.
Xpall, 13, 205. Rock crystal. "At
Maestricht is preserved a twelfth-
century cross of rock crystal,
which in the sunlight flashes up and
INDEX.
.•>:>;>
shines like fire." — H. J. Feasey,
Ancient Engl, Holy Week Cere-
monial, 242. Crosses of beryl and
of chalcedony (English) are there
referred to.
Yeattes, 105, gates ; see Fawden.
Yeoman of the Cellar, 94.
Yeoman usher, 144.
Woman to wait on strangers, 100.
York, \i, 127 , 128'. [31, 1 ;o, 143,
206, 284 ; archbishops of, see
Bowet, Cedda, Grey, Greenfield,
John, Ludham, Matthew, Melton,
Neville, Oswald, Wilfrid, William,
St., Wulfstan II, Zouche ; bishop
Langley, previously canon and
dean ot, 254 ; choir-screen at, 212 ;
church ot" All Saints, North St. in,
289 ; church of St. Michael-le-
Belfrey in, 299 ; Minster, candle-
stick at, 202 ; lantern tower of,
300; organ at, 16; processional
stones at, 303 ; St. Cuthbert's
window at, 196, n)7, 2^2, 236, 289 ;
shrine at, [96 ; St. William's
window at, 1.(7; "shrine'' at,
_>47 : museum, cresset at, 195;
province of, 123; barons of pro-
vince of, 1 2S ; Treasurer ot,
Pudsey, 141.
Yorkshire, 284 ; workman from, 39.
Yorkshire Archaeological Journal,
196*, 226, 230, 232, 254, 268, 270,
274, 290, 292, 303a.
Youth, instruction of, 82.
Vsidorus, S., 134, 255.
Yullocke, 76.
Zaccaria, 267.
Zouche, Will., archbishop of York,
214.
POSTSCRIPT.
Farmery, 271. According to the Cosin Correspondence (Surtees Soc. 55),
ii, 122, 124, the Farmery at Durham was converted into Minor
Canons' houses, all of which, except one, " were destroyed in the
late wicked times," also the Guest-hall was partly unleaded and
unroofed .... "in wicked Oliver's time, since which time it fell
down and did great damage to Dr. Naylor's and Dr. Xeile's houses,"
etc'.
Pair of Organs, 207. It must be understood that "pair" meant two (a
couple I, as well as a set of more than two things, from c. 1290
onward. It appears to have been used of clavichords, virginals,
and bagpipes as well as organs, in fact of complicated instruments
generally, so that there seems but little if any ground for the
suggestion with regard to stops on p. 207. — See N. E. D.
Paschal, 206. The following passage occurs in Sir William Brereton's
account of Durham Cathedral: — "Here in the chancel, which is
very neat, is a most stately desk of brass, which was the ninth part
of a candlestick, which at the dissolution was thrown into an obscure
place, and found but of late ; this was a most mighty vast candle-
stick. " Travels in Holland, . . . England, etc., 1634-5, '\v Sir
William Brereton, Hart. (Chetham Soc, Vol. i), 1844, p. 83.
South gates, 348, insert after "gates," 91, 92.
IIIOMVS CAI-IHTLKl OH. I'MNTKH, IH'RHAM.
WHS* John Hope, 09/' 1303
DURHAM CATHEDRAL CHURCH
PLAN SHOWING THE ANCIENT ARRANGEMENTS ACCORDING
TO EXISTING TRACES AND DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE
ISASED UPON A PLAN MADE BY JOHN CARTER, AND PUBLISHED
BY THE SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES OF LONDON IN IBOI.)
L Y E G A I T E"
NOTE.
Mediaeval Walls eazsttng or vt' which the sites
an Known are shown in black.
Known sites of mediaeval buildings nee
indicated by the drab tint .
Past suppression and modern buildings are
indicated fn the firry tint .
Suggested Route if the Sunday Ifaocession
"Parish Boundaries.
Tin- numbers I-XJJ refer to tiu- Bouses of the
Prebendaries a/her the. Suppression^
HS1 John Hope, del* 1303
"L V E G A I T E"
IF
NOTE.
Mediaeval 11<j//.v existing or of which the sites
<ut- lawwn are shown m black-.
Known sites or mediaeval buildings are
indicated by the drab tint .
"Post-suppression and modern buildings are
indicated by the grey tint.
Suggested Route of the Sunday Ibocossion
'Parish Boundaries.
Tin- numbers I-Xll refer to due Houses of the
Prebendaries after the 6'uppne.ssiorv.
W.H SlJohn Hope, del' 1903
;
PLAN TO ILLUSTRATE
CHAPTERS LIM & LVI
pp 104-108
Lyeyaitt". p WS^
Wync/sbole yett'p loj
'The north dor, 0/ the
1 churdi"pp 10S, lay
4 " y clotxtcr.'p. lo3
5. "yc abbey gaUs.p loS
6. "y. ioutlt bmvth"p.l
THE SURTEES SOCIETY.
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Dr. Raine. (Only sold in a set and to a Member).
35. The Boldon Book, or Survey of Durham in 1183. Edited by Rev. W. Greenwell. (Only
sold in a set and to a Member).
a6. Wills and Inventories illustrative of the History, Manners, Language, Statistics, etc.,
of the Counties of York, Westmoreland, and Lancaster, from the Fourteenth Century
downwards. From the Registry at Richmond. Edited by Rev. J. Raine. (Only sold
in a set and to a Member).
37. The Pontifical of Egbert, Archbishop of York (731-67), from a MS. of the Ninth or Tenth
Century in the Imperial Library of Paris. Edited by Rev. William Greenwell. (Only
sold in a set and to a Member).
38. The Gospel of St. Matthew, from the Northumbrian Interlinear Gloss to the Gospels
contained in the MS. Nero D. IV, among the Cottonian MSS. in the British Museum,
commonly known as the Lindisfarne Gospels, collated with the Rushworth MS. 7s. 6d.
Edited by Rev. J. Stevenson. [The four Volumes which make up this Series •will be
sold together for £1 Is.)
39. The Inventories and Account Rolls of the Monasteries of Jarrow and Monkwearmouth,
from their commencement in 1303 until the Dissolution. 10s. Edited by Dr. Raine.
30. Testamenta Eboracensia ; or, Wills illustrative of the History, Manners, Language,
Statistics, etc., of the Province of York, from 1429 to 1467. Vol. II. Edited by Rev.
J. Raine. (Only sold in a set and to a Member).
31. The Bede Roll of John Burnaby, Prior of Durham (1456-64). With illustrative Documents.
7s. 6d. Edited by Dr. Raine,
33. The Survey of the Palatinate of Durham, compiled during the Episcopate of Thomas
Hatfield (1345-82). 10s. Edited by Rev. W. Greenwell.
33. The Farming Book of Henry Best, of Elmswell, E.R.Y. Edited by Rev. C. B.
Norcliffe. (Only sold in a set and to a Member).
34. The Proceedings of the High Court of Commission for Durham and Northumberland.
12s. Edited by Mr. W. H. D. Longstaffe.
35. The Fabric Rolls of York Minster. Edited bv Rev. J. Raine. (Only sold in a set and to a
Member).
36. The Heraldic Visitation of Yorkshire, by Sir William Dugdale, in 1665. Edited by Mr.
Robert Davies. (Only sold in a set and to a Member).
37. A Volume of Miscellanea, comprising the Letters of Dean Granville, the Account of the
Siege of Pontefract by Nathan Drake, and Extracts from the Rokeby Correspondence.
Edited by Rev. George Ornsby, Mr. W. H. D. Longstaffe, and Rev. J. Raine. (Only
sold in a set and to a Member.)
38. A Volume of Wills from the Registry at Durham ; a continuation of No. 2. Edited by-
Rev. W. Greenwell. (Only sold in a set and to a Member.)
39. The Gospel of St. Mark, from the Northumbrian Interlinear Gloss to the Gospels
contained in the MS. Nero D. IV, among- the Cottonian MSS. in the British Museum,
commonly known as the Lindisfarne Gospels, collated with the Rushworth MS. ; a
continuation of No. 28. 7s. 6d. Edited by Mr. George Waring.
40. A Selection from the Depositions in Criminal Cases taken before the Northern
Magistrates ; from the Originals preserved in York Castle. Saec. XVII. Edited by-
Rev. J. Raine. (Only sold in a set and to a Member.)
41. The Heraldic Visitation of the North of England, made in 1530, by Thomas Tonge, with
an Appendix of Genealogical MSS. Edited by Mr. W. H. D. Longstaffe. (Only sold
in a set and to a Member.)
4*i Memorials of Fountains Abbey. Vol. I. Comprising t lie Chronicle relating to thr
Foundation of the House, written bj Hugh de Kirkstall ; the Chronicle or Abbats,
etc.; and an Historical description of the Abbey, with Illustrations. Edited by Mr.
I. K. Walbran. (Only sultl in a set and to a Member.)
45. The Gospel ol St. Luke, from the Northumbrian Interlinear Gloss to the Gospels con-
tained in the MS. Nero IV IV. among the Cottonian MSS, in the British Museum,
commonly known as the Lindisfarne Gospels, collated with the Rush worth MS.; a
continuation of Nos, -•« and 39, 7s. 6d. Edited by Mr. George Waring.
44. I'Ik- Priory of Hexham, its Chronicles, Endowments, and Annals. Vol. I. Containing
the Chronicles, etc., of John and Richard, Priors of Hexham, and Ached. Ahh.it m
Rievanlx, with an Appendix o( Documents, and a Preface illustrated with Engravings,
pp. 604. £■■? --s. Edited by Rev. J. Raine.
45. lestamenta Eboracensia ; or. Wills illustrative of the History, Manners, Language,
Statistics, etc, of the Province of York, from 1467 to 1485. Vol. III. 21s. Edited
by Kev. J. Raine.
46. The Priory of Hexham. Vol. II. Containing the Liber Niger, with Charters and other
Documents, and a Preface illustrated with Engravings, ios. Edited by Rev. J.
Raine,
47. The Letters, etc.. of Dennis Granville, D.D., Dean of Durham, from the Originals
recently discovered in the Bodleian Library. Part II. 7s. bd. Edited by Rev. George
Omsbj .
48. The Gospel of St. John, from the Northumbrian Interlinear Gloss to the Gospels in the
MS. Nero D. IV. (A continuation ot' Nos. 28. 39, and 43). 7s. 6d. With Preface and
Prolegomena. Edited by Mr. George Waring.
40. The Survey ot the County of York, taken by John de Kirkby, commonly called Kirkby's
Inquest. Also Inquisitions oi Knights' Fees, the Nomina Villarum for Yorkshire, and
an Appendix of Illustrative Documents, pp. 570. 15s. Edited by Mr. R. II. Skaife.
in. Memoirs of the Life of Ambrose Barnes, Merchant and sometime Alderman of Newcastle-
upon-Tyne. ios. Edited by Mr. W. H. D. Longstaffe.
51, S3 meon of Durham, The whole of the Works ascribed to him. except the History of the
Church of Durham. To which are added the History of the Translation of St.
Cuthbert, the Life of St. Margaret, Queen of Scotland, by Turgot, Prior of Durham,
etc. 10s. Edited hy Mr. John Hodgson Hinde.
53. I he Correspondence of John Cosin, Bishop of Durham. Vol. I. ids. Edited hy Rev.
George Ornsb) .
53. lestamenta Ehoracensia. Vol. [V. From 1485 to 1500. (A continuation of Nos. 4, 30.
and 45). 15s. Edited b\ Rev. J. Raine.
54. The Diary of Abraham De La Pryme, the Yorkshire Antiquary. 15s. Edited by Mr.
Charles Jackson.
55. The Correspondence of John Cosin, Bishop of Durham. Vol.11. 7s. od. Edited by Rev.
George Ornsby.
56. The Register of Walter Grav, Archbishop of York, 1315-55. los- Edited bv Rev. J.
Raine.
57. l'he Register of the Guild of Corpus Christi in the City of York, containing a full List of
its Members, ios. Edited by Mr. R. H. Skaife.
58. Feodarium Prioratus Dunelniensis ; a Survey of the Estates of the Prior and Convent of
Durham in the Fifteenth Century, ios. Edited by Rev. W. Greenwell.
5m. Missale ad usum insignis Ecclesiae Eboracensis. The York Missal. Vol.1. -55s. Edited
by Dr. Henderson.
60. The same. Vol. II. 15s. By the same Editor.
61. Liber Pontificalia Chr. Bainhridge Archiepiscopi Eboracensis. The York Pontifical.
in-. Edited b\ Dr. Henderson.
■•-•. The Autobiography of Mrs. Alice Thornton, of East Newton, Co. York, Sssc XVII.
ios. Edited by Mr. Charles Jackson,
63. Manual,- et I'rocessionale ad usum insignis Ecclesiae Eboracensis. The York Manual
and Processional. 15s, Edited bj IV. Henderson.
r>(. Acts of Chapter of the Collegiate Church of SS. Peter and Wilfrid. Ripon, 145-1-1506.
ios. Edited by Rev. J. T. howler.
65, Yorkshire Diaries and Autobiographies in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries.
15s. Edited by Mr. Charles Jackson.
tX). Cartularium Abbati.c de Nova Monasterio I New niinslerl. 7s. t>d. Edited b\ Rev. J. T.
Fowler.
IO
67. Memorials of Fountains Abbey. Vol. II. Part 1. Comprising the Royal Charters and
some of the Papal Grants, etc. 7s. 6d. Edited by Mr. J. R. Walbran and the
Secretary.
68. Selections from the Household Books of Lord William Howard, of Naworth Castle.
15s. Edited by Rev. George Ornsby.
69. The Chartulary of Whitby. Vol. I. 7s. 6d. Edited by Rev. J. C. Atkinson.
70. A Selection from the Poems of Lawrence, Prior of Durham, Saec. XII. 5s. Edited
by Rev. J. Raine.
The York Breviary. Vol. I. 20s. Edited by Hon. and Rev. Stephen Lawley.
The Chartulary of Whitby. Vol.11. 7s. 6d. Edited by Rev. J. C. Atkinson.
The Life and Correspondence of the Rev. William Stukeley, M.D., the Antiquary.
Vol. I. tos. Edited by Rev. W. C. Lukis. ( The three volumes which make tip this
series will be sold together for £/ is.)
Memorials of the Church ot Ripon. Vol. I. 10s. Edited by Rev. J. T. Fowler.
The York Breviary. Vol. II. 20s. Edited by the Hon. and Rev. Stephen Lawley.
76. The Life and Correspondence of Dr. Stukeley. Vol. II. 7s. 6d. Edited by Rev. W. C.
Lukis.
77. Yorkshire Diaries. Vol. II. 7s. bd. Edited by Mr. C. Jackson and Mr. Margerison.
78. Memorials of Ripon. Vol. II. 10s. Edited by Rev. J. T. Fowler.
79. Testamenta Eboracensia. Vol. V. 15s. Edited by Rev. J. Raine.
80. The Life and Correspondence of Dr. Stukeley. Vol. III. 7s. 6d. Edited by Rev. W. C.
Lukis.
81. Memorials of Ripon. Vol. III. 15s. Edited by Rev. J. T. Fowler.
82. A Selection from the Halmote Court Rolls of the Prior and Convent of Durham. 15s.
Edited by Messrs. W. H. D. Longstaffe and John Booth.
83. The Chartulary of Rievaulx. 15s. Edited by Rev. J. C. Atkinson.
84. Durham Churchwardens' Accompts. 15s. Edited by Rev. J. Barmby.
85. A Volume of English Miscellanies. 7s. 6d. Edited by Rev. J. Raine.
86. The Guisborough Chartulary. Vol. I. 15s. Edited by Mr. VV. Brown.
87. The Life of St. Cuthbert in English Verse. 15s. Edited by Rev. J. T. Fowler.
88. The Northumberland Assize Rolls, :5s. Edited by Mr. W. Page.
89. The Guisborough Chartulary. Vol. II. 15s. Edited by Mr. W. Brown.
90. The Brinkburn Chartulary. 10s. Edited by Mr. W. Page.
91. The Yorkshire Chantry Surveys. Vol. I. 15s. Edited by Mr. W. Page.
92. The Yorkshire Chantry Surveys. Vol. II. 15s. Edited by Mr. W. Page.
93. The Records of the Company of Merchant Adventurers of Newcastle-on-Tyne. Vol. I.
15s. Edited by Mr. J. W. Boyle and Mr. F. W. Dendy.
94. Yorkshire Feet of Fines during- the reign of King John. 10s. Edited by Mr. William
Brown.
95. Memorials of St. Giles's, Durham, being Grassmen's Accounts, etc., together with
Documents relating to the Hospitals of Kepier and St. Mary Magdalene. 15s. Edited
by Rev. Dr. Barmby.
96. Register of the Freemen of the City of York. Vol.1. 15s. Edited by Dr. F. Collins.
97. Inventories of Church Goods for the counties of York, Durham and Northumberland.
15s. Edited by Mr. William Page.
98. Beverley Chapter Act Book. Vol. I. 25s. Edited by Mr. A. F. Leach.
99. Durham Account Rolls. Vol. I. 15s. Edited by Rev. Canon Fowler.
100. Durham Account Rolls. Vol. II. 15s. Edited by Rev. Canon Fowler.
101. The Records of the Company of Merchant Adventurers of Newcastle-on-Tyne. Vol. II.
15s. Edited by Mr. F. VV. Dendy.
102. Register of the Freemen of York. Vol.11. 15s. Edited by Dr. F. Collins.
103. Durham Account Rolls. Vol. III. 15s. Edited by Rev. Canon Fowler.
104. Knaresborough Wills. Vol. I. 15s. Edited by Dr. F. Collins.
105. Newcastle Hostmen's Company. 15s. Edited by Mr. F. W. Dendy.
106. Testamenta Eboracensia. Vol. VI. 15s. Edited by Mr. J. W. Clay.
107. The Rites of Durham. 15s. Edited by Rev. Canon Fowler.
1 1
I he Council firofxisr to select their future Volumes out of the following Manuscript* or
materials, or I rum others of' a similar character.
Tlu- Act Book oi the Provost and Canons of Beverley. [*o be edited by Mr. \. I'. Leach.
[/>i the press.
The Register of Walter Girt'ard. Archbishop of York. To be edited by Mr. William
Brown. \Iu the press.
The Consuetudinary of St. Mary's Abbey, York. To be edited by the Rev. P. A.
Gasquet, D.O., and Mr. Edmund Bishop.
The Wills, Inventories, and Administrations, entered on the Knarcshorough Manor Rolls.
VoL li. To be edited bj Dr, F. Collins.
rhe Royalist Composition Papers for [he Counties of Northumberland and Durham.
To be edited h\ Mr. Richard Wclford.
A Volume from the Quarter Sessions Records for the County of Durham. To be edited
by Mr. F. \Y. Dendy.
Wills relating to Nottinghamshire and the four Northern Counties, from the Registers
at Somerset I louse. To he edited by Mr. J. W. Clay.
The Registers of Richard de Bury and Thomas. Langley, Bishops ^( Durham. To he
edited by the Dean of Durham.
The Register of Thomas de Hatfield. Bishop of Durham. To be edited by the Rev. Dr.
Gee.
The Chartularj of St. Bees. To be edited by the Rev. James Wilson.
The Horn; Eboracenses. To be edited by the Rev. Canon Wordsworth.
A Volume of extracts from the Municipal Records at York, illustrative t^t the operation
^i the Poor Laws in the iblh and 17th Centuries. To be edited by Miss Maud Sellers.
The Percy Chartulary.
LIST OF OFFICERS & MEMBERS, 1903.
PATRON AND PRESIDENT.
His Grace the Duke of Northumberland, K.G.
VICE-PRESIDENTS.
Lord Barnard, Raby Castle, Darlington.
Sir Thomas Brooke, Bart., Armitage Bridge, Huddersfield.
Rev. William Brown, Old Elvet, Durham.
S. J. Chadwick, Lyndhurst, Dewsbury.
J. W. Clay, Rastrick House, Brighouse.
Francis Collins, M.D., Pateley Bridge.
F. W. Dendy, Osborne Road, Newcastle-on-Tyne.
Rev. Canon Fowler, Durham.
Rev. Dr. Gee, Durham.
Rev. William Greenwell, Durham.
The Very Rev. W. G. Henderson, Dean of Carlisle.
Richard Oliver Heslop, Newcastle-on-Tyne.
Thomas Hodgkin, Newcastle-on-Tyne.
J. Crawford Hodgson, Alnwick.
J. G. Hodgson, Newcastle-on-Tyne.
The Very Rev. G. W. Kitchin, Dean of Durham.
Rev. J. M. Marshall, Croft Rectory, Darlington.
W. W. Morrell, West Mount, York.
The Very Rev. A. P. Purey-Cust, Dean of York.
Rev. Charles Slingsby, Scriven Park, Knaresborough.
Rev. Canon Tristram, Durham.
Richard Welford, Gosforth, Newcastle-on-Tyne.
Rev. F. G. Wesley, Hamsteels Vicarage, Durham.
SECRETARY.
William Brown, Whitehouse, Northallerton.
TREASURER.
John George Gradon, Durham.
MEMBERS, WITH THE DATES OF THEIR ADMISSION.*
Rev. C. E. Adamson, Westoe, South Shields. 4th December, 1898.
Laurence W. Adamson, Linden House, Acklington. 3rd December, 1901.
Lord Aldenham, St. Dunstan's, Regent's Park, London, i^th December,
1859.
Lord Amherst of Hackney, Didlington Hall, Brandon, Norfolk. 1st
December, 1868.
Andrews and Co., Sadler Street, Durham. 5th March, 1896.
* The number of three hundred and fifty members, to which the Society is limited, is
generally full. Judging from past experience, there will be ten or twelve vacancies every year,
and these will be regularly filled up. New members will be elected by the Council according
to priority of application, unless the son or representative of a deceased member wishes to be
chosen in his place. This list is corrected up to March, 1903.
«3
\V. Watson Armstrong", Cragside, Rothbury. 3rd December, [901.
Sir George Armytage, Bart., F.S.A., Kirklees, Brighouse. 2nd June,
1868.
Sir J, E. Backhouse, Bart., Darlington. 5th June, 1877.
F. M. T. Jones Balme, High Close, Ambleside. 3rd December, t8o7.
Thos. H. Barker, 36, The Judges' Drive, Newsham Park, Liverpool.
|ih December, [902.
Lord Barnard, Raby Castle, Darlington. 6th December, [892. (Vice-
President, 1 900 - 1 903 ).
Edward Bateson, 1 -\ Oxford and Cambridge Mansions. N.W. 4th Decem-
ber, [894.
Edward Hell, York Street, Covent Garden, London. 3rd Match, 1891.
John Bilson, Hesslo, Hull. 5th March, 1895.
Edmund Bishop, 4, Great Ormond Street, W.C. ist December, 1874.
Thomas M. Blagg, -'5, Cartergate, Newark-on-Trent. 4th December, 1898.
Lord Bolton, Bolton Hall, Wensley. 5th March, 1889.
Viscount Boyne, Brancepeth Castle, Durham. 4th June, 1873.
Thomas Boynton, Norman House, Bridlington Quay. 2nd December, 1884.
Sir Thomas Brooke, Ban., F.S.A., Armitage Bridge, Huddersfield. 14th
December, [860. (Vice-President, 1881-1903.)
Rev. William Brown, Old Elvet, Durham. 3rd December, 1889. (Vice-
President, 1897 1903. i
William Brown, Whitehouse, Northallerton. 3rd December 1889.
(Secretary, 1807-1003. 1
Sir Gainsford Bruce, Yewhurst, Bromley, Kent, r>th December, 1892.
The Duke of Buccleuch and Oueensberrv. 7th December, 1886.
George Buchanan, Whitby. 6th June, 1876.
Rev. E. Buckler, Maitland Park, Haverstock Hill, London, ^th March,
[889.
The Prince of Bulgaria, Sophia Palace, Bulgaria. 4th March, 1902.
Robert Anthony Burrell, Fairthorne, Botley, Hants. 17th June, 1861.
The Karl of Carlisle, Castle Howard, York. 2nd December, 1879.
William Carr, M.A., Ditchingham Manor, Bungay. 5th December, 1865.
S. J. Chadwick, Lyndhurst, Oxford Road, Dewsbury. 6th December, 1881.
( Vice-President, 1901-1903).
William Chadwick, Arksey, Doncaster. 5th December, 1865.
Col. R. Chaloner, Guisborough Hall, Guisborough. 3rd March, 1903.
J. K. Champney, Abchurch Chambers, London, W. 3rd December, 1893.
II. M. Chapman, St. Martin's Priory, Canterbury. 6th June, 1882.
Oswin J. Charlton, 37, Eld on Street, Newcastle. 51I1 March, 1895.
'Thomas Chorlton, 32, Brazenose Street, Manchester. 2nd December, 1879.
Edward Thomas Clark, Cowick, Selby. 7th December, 1880.
G. D. A. Clark, Belford Hall, Belford. 1st December, 1874.
John Willis Clark, M.A., Scroope House, Cambridge. 5th June, 1902.
J. W. Clay, Rastrick, Brighouse. 2nd June, [868. (Vice-President, 1900-
1903).
Mrs. Clayton, The Chesters, Hexham. 2nd December, 1890.
E. F. Coates, c/o E. Almack, 99, Gresham Street, London, E.C. 4th
March, 1901.
Rev. Carus Vale Collier, Burton Agnes, Bridlington. j,t\\ December, 1897.
Francis Collins, M.D., Grassfield, Pateley Bridge. 7th December, 1886.
(Vice-President, 181)7 11)03.)
John B. Cookson, Meldon Park, Morpeth. 3rd March, 1902.
Lady Cowell, Clifton Castle, Bedale. 5th March, 1895.
Joseph Crawhall, Beacon Bank, Easingwold. 1 si December, [896.
The Earl of Crewe, l'i yston Hall, Pontofract. 30th December, 1 858,
Lord Crewe's Trustees, c/o C. Rowland son, The College, Durham. 2nd
June, [891.
Ralph Creyke, Rawcliffe Hall, Selby. 7th December. 1-
Rev. Matthew Culley, Esh Laude, Durham. 5th June, 1902.
Robed Richardson Dees, Wailsend, Ne\vcastle-on-Tyne. i^th December,
1859.
I'. W. Dendy, Eldon House, Osborne Road, Newcastle-on-Tyne. 4th
December, 1894. ( Vice-President, 1897-1903.)
S. Denison, 32, Clarendon Road, Leeds. 7th June, 1892.
Lewis T. Dibdin, D.C.L., Chancellor of Durham, 15, Old Square, Lincoln's
Inn. 3rd March, 1891.
James Norton Dickons, Heaton, Bradford. 4th June, 1873.
E. R. Dodsworth, York. 3rd March, 1885.
Earl of Durham, Lambton Castle, Fence Houses. 1st December, 1901.
Slingsby D. Eden, Beamish Park, Chester-le-Street. 4th December, 1900.
R. H. Edleston, D.C.L., Rhadegund Buildings, Cambridge. 3rd December,
1895.
John Eland, 12, New Court, Lincoln s Inn, W.C. 6th March, 1900.
Rev. H. Ellershaw, Bishop Hatfield's Hall, Durham. 1st March, 1892.
Mrs. Elliot, Elvet Hill, Durham. 6th March, 1883.
C. E. Elmhirst, York. 4th December, 1894.
H. D. Eshelby, 80, Shrewsbury Road, Birkenhead. 7th June, 1887.
Rev. Chancellor Espin, D.D., Wolsingham Rectory, Darlington. 3rd
December, 1889.
T. M. Fallow, Coatham, Redcar. 4th December, 1883.
Chr. J. F. Fawcett, 8, Kind's Bench Walk, Temple, London. 5th December,
1882.
George Anthony Fenwick, Bywell Hall, Stocksfield-on-Tyne. 3rd
December, 1889.
Mrs. Hugh Fenwick, Brinkburn Priory, Morpeth, ^rd June, 1897.
Rev. Canon Fowler, M.A., D.C.L., F.S.A., Bishop Hatfield's Hall, Durham,
4th June, 1872. (Vice-President, 1872 -1903. Treasurer, 1883-88.)
Alfred Scott Gatty, York Herald, Heralds' College, London. 7th March,
1876.
Rev. H. Gee, D.D., University College, Durham. 3rd June, 1902.
(Vice-President , 1903.)
The Right Rev. Bishop Gordon, Bishop's House, Leeds. 3rd March,
1891.
John George Gradon, Lynton House, Durham. 3rd March, 1891.
(Treasurer, 1 891 -1903.)
Rev. William Greenwell, D.C.L., F.R.S., &c, Durham. 28th September,
1843. (Treasurer, 1S43-49. Vice-President, 1894- 1903.)
Earl Grey, Howick Hall, Northumberland. 1st December, 1901.
Charles Haigh, Elm Court, Temple, London. 6th March, 1883.
Viscount Halifax, Hickleton Hall, Doncaster. 5th March, 1895.
C. O. Hall, Whitwell Hall, York. 4th December, 1900.
William Harding, Darlington. 7th June, 1892.
Lord Hawkesbury, Kirkham Abbey, York. 71b December, 1886.
The Very Rev. W. G. Henderson, D.D., Dean of Carlisle. 31st May, 1849.
(Secretary, 1S49-52. Vice-Piesident, 1872-1903.)
Richard Oliver Heslop, Akenside Hill, Newcastle-on-Tyne. 6th June, 1899.
( Vice- Pres ide nt, 1903).
Rev. A. E. Hillard, The School House, Durham. 2nd December, 1902.
Thomas Hodgkin, D.C.L., Newcastle-on-Tyne. 5th June, [883. ( I 'ice-
President, 1 890- 1 903. )
J. C. Hodgson, Abbey Cottage, Alnwick. 6th December, 1892. ( Vice-
Preside n t, 1 899 1 903. )
J. G. Hodgson, Northern Counties Club, Newcastle-on-Tyne. 14th
August, 1S85. (Vice-President, 1S97-1903.)
Rev. Henry Holden, D.D., Boscobel, Streatham Common, London, S.W.
[6th June, 1858.
Rev. H. C. Holmes, Birkby Rectory, Northallerton. 4th December, 1877.
«5
\V. II. St. John Hope, Sociely of Antiquaries, Burlington House, Piccadilly,
London, \V. -4 1 li December, 1883.
Lord Hotham, Dalton Holme, Hull. 3rd December, 1872.
R. Hovenden, Heathcote, Park IIIII Road, Croydon. 5th March. 1889.
Henry Arthur Hudson, Clifton, York. 71I1 March, 1865.
William Essington Hughes, 89, Alexandra Road, St. John's Wood, London.
7th March, 1S65.
Edward Hutchinson, Darlington. 71I1 December, 1869.
Sir Henry Ingilby, Hart., Ripley Castle, Ripon, 15th December, 1859.
W, A. James, 1, Fleet Street, London. 2nd March, 181)7.
Sir Hubert Jerningham, K.C.M.G., Longridge Towers, Berwick-on-Tweed,
6th June. iNt*).
Rev. J. Johnson, II niton Rudby, Varm. 11th December, 1856.
Sir lames [oicey, Hart., M.l\, Longhirst Hall, Morpeth, 3th December,
1882.
Thomas Jones, Durham. 7th December, 1880.
\. B. Kempe, K.C., Chancellor of Newcastle, 2, Paper Buildings, Temple.
London. 5U1 March, 1889.
C. I".. Kempe, 28, Nottingham Place, London. 5th December, 1893.
11. F. Killick, King's House, Thetford. 5th December, 1899.
R. L. Kir by, Linthorpe, Middlesbrough. 5th March, 1889.
The Very Rev. G. W. Kitchin, Dean oi Durham. 5th March, 1895. ( Vice-
President, 1895 1903. )
A. L. Knight, Water Lane Works, Leeds. 4th December, 1900.
W. T. Lancaster, 35, Caledonian Road, Leeds. 4th December, 1883.
The Hon. and Rev. Stephen Willoughby Lawley, M.A., Spurfield,
Exmiiister, Exeler. 8th December, 1803. (Vice-President, 1888-1901. 1
Andrew S. Lawson, Aldboroutfh Manor, Boroughbridge. 5th December,
1893.
Arthur F. Leach, Charily Commission Office, Whitehall, London. tsi
December, 1891.
Thomas Francis Leadbitter, Auckland House, Brondesbury, London. 3rd
December, 1889.
William Lees, to, Norfolk Street, Manchester. 1st December, 1874.
J. Wickham Legg, M.D., F.S.A., 47, Green Street, Park Lane, London.
2nd December, 1890.
Rev. Robert Lippe, LL.D., The Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, ^rd December,
John Lister, Shibden Hall, Halifax. 71 h December, 1886.
The Marquess of Londonderry, Wynyard, Durham. 7th December, 1886.
Matthew Mackey, Jun., 8, Milton Street, Newcastle-on-Tyne. 3rd June,
1890.
Messrs. Macmillan and Bowes, Cambridge. 71I1 March, 1803.
Samuel Margerison, Calverley Lodge, Leeds. 1st March, 1881.
Sir Clements R. Markham, K.C.B., Eccleston Square, London. isi
December, 1891.
Thomas W. Marley, Nethorlaw, Darlington. 4th June, 1895.
Rev. J. M. Marshall, Croft Rectory, Darlington. 3th March. 1889. 1 Vice-
President, 1889 1903.)
James Melrose, Clifton Croft, York. 7th December, 1873.
J. T. Micklethwaite, F.S.A., 15, Deans Yard, London. 1st December,
1874.
R. Middlemas, Alnwick. 2nd December, 1873,
James Mills, Beverley. 3th December, 1893.
Joseph M. Moore, Harton, South Shields. 7th March, 1893.
John William Morkill, Austhorpe Lodge, Whitkirk, Leeds. ist December,
1891,
W. W. Morrell, York. 3rd March, 1868. {Vice-President, 1 S<><) 1903.)
Walter Morrison, M.P., 77, Cromwell Road, London, i-t March, 18(14.
i6
Lord Northbourne, Betteshanger, Sandwich. 7th March, 1S93.
The Duke of Northumberland, Alnwick Castle. 6th June, 1865.
Win. Page, The White House, St. Peter's, St. Albans. 1st December,
1885.
Howard Pease, Arcot House, Cramlington. 3rd December, 1901.
Sir Joseph Whitwell Pease, Bart., M.P., Hutton Hall, Guisborough. 6th
June, 1876.
John S. G. Pemberton, M.P., Hawthorn Tower, Seaham. 3rd December,
1901.
Sir Francis S. Powell, Bart., M.P., Old Hortou Hall, Bradford. 7th June,
1864.
John Proud, Bishop Auckland, Durham. 6th June, 1871.
The Very Rev. Arthur P. Pdrey-Cust, D. D., Dean of York. 71I1 December,
1880. (Vice-President, 1887 -1903.)
Frederick Raimes, Hartburn, Stockton. 3rd December, 1901.
Rev. James Raine, Snainton, Yorkshire. 3rd December, 1897.
Sir J. W. Ramsden, Bart., Byrom Hall, South Milford, Yorkshire. 14th
March, 1S62.
Mrs. Redpath, Montreal. 5th March, 1895.
Col. Godfrey Rhodes, Westhaugb, Pontefract. 1st March, 1864.
Viscount Ridley, Blagdon, Xewcastie-on-Tyne. 3rd March, 1891.
The Marquess of Ripon, Studley Royal, Ripon. 15th December, 1859.
W. P. Robinson, New York. 4th December, 1900.
Simpson Rostron, 1, Hare Court, Temple, London. 6th March, 1883.
Christopher Rowlandson, Durham. 5th June, 1883.
W. H. Rvlands, F.S.A., 11, Hart Street, Bloomsburv, London. 5th June,
. ,,883-'
Philip Saltmarshe, Lt.-Col., R. A. House, Sheerness. 4th December, 1894.
J. B. Sampson, York. 6th December, 1887.
Rev. H. E. Savage, St. Hilda's, South Shields. 3rd December, 1897.
.Michael Sheard, Sutton, Isle of Ely. 7th June, 1887.
G. R. Sheraton, M.D., Sedgefield. 4th June, 1901.
J. B. Simpson, Bradley Hall, Wylam-on-Tyne. 3rd December, 1901.
Rev. C. S. Slingsby, Scriven Park, Knaresborough. ( Vice-President, 1903.)
F. W. Slingsby, Thorpe Underwood Hall, Ouseburn, York. 3rd December,
1878.
Henry Sotheran, 140, Strand, W.C. 3rd March, 1903.
John T. Spalding'. 22, Villa Road, Nottingham. 5th December, 1899.
John Stansfeld, Woodville, Clarendon Road, Leeds. 4th March, 1890.
foseph Henry Straker, Howden Dene, Corbridge-on-Tvne. 1st March,
1892.
The Earl of Strathmore, Streatlam Castle, Barnard Castle. 2nd March,
1866.
H. P. Surtees, 35, Bedford Row, W.C. 6th June, 1899.
Siward Surtees, Somersham, Maidenhead. 3rd December, 1895.
Sir John Swinburne, Bart., Capheaton, Newcastle-on-Tyne. 5th June, 1866.
Thos. Taylor, Chipchase Castle, Wark-on-Tvne. 3rd March, 1902.
A. C. Tempest, Coleby Hall, Lincoln. 3rd June, 1879.
Sir Tristram T. Tempest, Bart.. Tong Hall, Dudlev Hill, Bradford. 71I1
March, 1893.
F. J. Thairlwall, 12, Upper Park Road, Hampstead, London. 3rd
December, 1875.
Legh Tolson, Elm Lea, Dalton, Huddersfield. 7th December, 1800.
Ci. J. F. Tomlinson, Woodfield, Huddersfield. 4th June, 1898.
Rev. Canon Tristram, D.D., Durham. 6th June, 1876. (Vice-President,
1 897- 1 903.)
Robert B. Turton, Kildale Hall, Grosmont, York. 2nd March, 1897.
Robert Charles De Grey Vyner, Newby Hall, Ripon. 3rd December, 1895.
•7
Henry Wagner, F.S.A., 13, Half Moon Street, Piccadilly, London. 4th
December, 1S77.
Rev. John Walker, Whalton Rectory, Newcastle, 5th December, (899.
George Young Wall, Grange House, Darlington. 3rd December, [889.
Rev. Walter walsh, Folkington Rectory, Polegate, Sussex. 2nd December,
1879.
William Warde-Aldam, Frickley Hall, Doncaster. 3rd March, 1891,
Ernest Webster, (Jnthank Hall, Haltwhistle. 4th December, 1900.
Richard Welford, Gosforth, Newcastle-on-Tyne. 1 si March, iScjj. {Vice-
President, iSt)4 1903.)
Rev. I". G. Wesley, Hamsteels Vicarage, Durham, 5th December, 1882.
[Vice-President, 1899 1903.)
Rev. W. Stuaii White, Esh Vicarage, Durham. 3rd March, 1899.
T. B. Whytehead, Acomb, York, isi March, [887.
Sir Hedworth Williamson, Hart., Whitburn Hall, Sunderland. 3rd Decem-
ber, 1895.
Rev. B. Wilson, Grammar School, Sedbergh. yd December, 1895.
E. J. Wilson, Melton, Brough, Easl Yorkshire. 2nd June, 1868.
Rev. W. R. Wilson, Bolsterstone Vicarage, Sheffield. 6th December, 1S98.
Basil A. Wood, Conyngham Hall, Knaresborough. 3rd December, iS<)s-
II. M. Wood, County Chambers, Sunderland. 4th March, 1902.
Rev. Canon Wordsworth, Si. Peter's Rectory, Marlborough. 5th December,
r893.
John Wright, rerrington, V ork. 4th June, 1873.
The Lord Archbishop of York, Bishopthorpe, York. 5th December, 1893.
Thomas Edward Yorke, Bewerley Hall, Pateley Bridge. 5th June, 1894.
Henry Young, 12, South Castle Street, Liverpool. 5th March, 1895.
Libraries and Public Institutions: —
The University of Aberdeen, ist March, 1881.
The Library ot Ampleforth Monastery, near York. 3rd December, [895.
The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore. 5th June, 1883.
The Enoch Pratt Free Library, Baltimore. 3rd December, [889.
The Barrow-in-Furness Public Library. 3rd December, [901.
The Battersea Central Library. 3rd December, igor.
The Queen's College, Belfast. 7th December, 1886.
Tlu- Imperial Library, Berlin. 14th March, 1863.
The Birmingham Free Library. 3rd March, 1S74.
St. Thomas Abbey, Erdington, Birmingham. 3rd December, 1901.
The Bolton Public Library. 4th March, 1SS4.
The Boston Athenaeum, U.S.A. 1st March, 1870.
The Peabody Institute, Boston, U.S.A. 4th March, 1873.
The Boston Public Library, U.S.A. 7th December, 1886.
The Bradford Free Library. 5th June, [883.
The Historical and Antiquarian Society, Bradford. 2nd December
i8go.
Bristol Public Libraries. 2nd December, kjo2.
The Society of Bollandisl Fathers, Brussels. 3rd December, iSi^.
The Buffalo Public Library, Buffalo, New York. ISl March, 1SS7.
Christ's College, Cambridge. 13th December, [862.
Trinity College, Cambridge. 5th June, 1866.
The Public Library, Cardiff. 4th December, [890.
The Carlisle Free Library, Tullie House, Carlisle. 1st March, [892.
The Chelsea Public Libraries. 1 st March, 1892.
The Dean and Chapter of Chester. isi March, 1SS7.
The Chicago Public Library, U.S.A. isi March, 1SS7.
The Newberry Library, Chicago, U.S.A. 6th December, i8q>.
The University of Chicago, U.S.A. 3rd June, 1902.
Cincinnati Public Library, U.S.A. 3rd December, 1901.
The Darlington Publii Library, 2nd June, 1885.
i8
The Public Library, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A. 7th June, 1887.
The Dewsbury Public Library. 2nd June, 1891.
The Doncaster Public Library. 4th December, 1883.
The National Library of Ireland, Dublin. 3rd June, 1884.
The Dean and Chapter of Durham. 1st June, 1869.
The University of Durham. 16th June, 1858.
The Advocates' Library, Edinburgh. 13th March, 1851.
The Signet Library, Edinburgh. 6th December, 1864.
The University of Edinburgh. 5th June, 1883.
The Public Library, Edinburgh. 3rd March, 1896.
St. Benedict's Abbey, Fort Augustus, N.B. 4th March, 1902.
The Gateshead Public Library. 3rd December, 1889.
The Mitchell Library, Glasgow. 4th December, 1877.
The University of Glasgow. 3rd March, 1S74.
The University of Gottingen. 8th December, 1863.
The Public Library, Harrogate. 3rd March, 1896.
The Harvard College Library, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A. 1st March,
1887.
The Free Library, Hawick, N.B. 3rd March, 1889.
The Public Libraries, Hull. 5th March, 1895.
The Hull Subscription Library. 14th March, 1862.
The Central Free Public Library, Leeds. 7th June, 1898.
The Leeds Library, Commercial Street, Leeds, nth December, 1856.
The Library of the Church Institute, Leeds. 7th June, 1892.
The Thoresby Society, Leeds. 7th June, 1892.
The Dean and Chapter of Lincoln. 7th June, 1882.
The Liverpool Athenaeum. 6th June, 1855.
The Liverpool Free Library. 3rd March, 1874.
The Society of Antiquaries, London. 1st March, 1864.
Constitutional Club, Northumberland Avenue, London. 3rd December,
1 901.
The Athenaeum Club, Pall Mall, London. 12th December, 1861.
The Honourable Society ot Gray's Inn, London. 2nd June, 1874.
The Guildhall Library, London. 1st December, 1874.
The Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn, London. 11th March, 1851.
The London Library, 12, St. James's Square, London. 13th March, 1851.
The Library of the Oratory, South Kensington, London. 7th June, 1881.
The Library of the Public Record Office, Fetter Lane, London. 4th
December, 1894.
The Reform Club, London. 3rd December, 1895.
The Royal Institution, London. 4th June, 1872.
Sion College, London. December, 1857.
Westfield College, Hampstead, London, N. 3rd December, 1901.
The Dean and Chapter of St. Paul's, London. 4th December, 1883.
The Honourable Society of the Inner Temple, London. 3rd December,
1867.
The Honourable Society of the Middle Temple, London. 1st December,
1868.
The Library, University College, London. 7th December, 1886.
The New University Club, St. James's Street, London. 1st December,
1891.
The University of Lund, Sweden. 3rd March, 1891.
Chetham's Library, Manchester. December, 1857.
The John Rylands Library, Manchester. 4th December, 1900.
The Manchester Free Library. 3rd December, 1S67.
Owen's College, Manchester. 7th March, 1871.
The Public Library, Melbourne. 4th June, 1895.
The Middlesbrough Free Library. 6th March, 1883.
The Royal Library, Munich. 14th March, 1863.
The Cathedral Library, Neweastle-on-Tyne. 2nd June, 1891.
•9
The Public Libraries, Newcastle-on-Tyne. 4th December, 1883.
The Societj' ol Antiquaries, Newcastle-on-Tyne. 24th September, 1853.
Tin- Literary and Philosophical Society, Newcastle-on-Tyne. 171I1 March,
,8$3-
The Library ol Princeton University, New [ersey, U.S.A. isl March,
[887.
1 ho Brooklyn Library, New York. -4 1 1 1 December, 1883.
The Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. 41I1 December, 1883.
The New York State Library, Albany, Now York. 1st March, 1887.
The Now York Public Library. 1st March, 1887.
The Syracuse Public Library, Now York State. 3rd December, 1901.
The Nottingham Free Library. 1 si March, 1881.
The Oxford Union Society. 41I1 March, 1902.
Exeter College, Oxford. 5th March, 1878.
St. John's College, Oxford. 14th March, 1863.
Magdalen College, Oxford. 18th Juno, [862.
Queen's College, Oxford. 2nd March, 1875.
The Library Company, Philadelphia, L'.S.A. 5th December, [882.
Dr. Shepherd's Library, Preston. 6th December, 1864.
St. Augustine's Abbey, Ranisgate. 3rd December, 1901.
The Dean and Chapter ot Ripon. yd March, 1874.
The Rochdale Public Library. 4th March, 1884.
The Rotherham Free Library. 3rd June, 1884.
The University of St Andrew's. 71I1 December, 1886.
The Imperial Library, St. Petersburg-. 14th .March, 1863.
The Scarborough Philosophical Society. 71b December, i860.
The Mechanics' and Literary Institute-, Scarborough. 5th December, 1 Sq<.>.
The Sheffield Free Library. 1st March, 1881.
The Literary and Philosophical Society, Sheffield. 4th March, 1881.
The North Shields Free Library. 3rd December, 1889.
The South Shields Free Library; 1st June, 1875.
The Abbey of Solesmes, Appeldurcombe, Wroxall, Isle of" Wight.
3rd December, 1895.
The Stockton-on-Tees Free Library. 2nd March, 1897.
St. John's College, Stonyhurst. 4th March, 1873.
The University Library, Strasburg. 4th June, 1893.
The Sunderland Free Library. 5th June, [883.
The Subscription Library, Fawcett Street, Sunderland. jrd December,
1889.
The Free Library, Toronto. 1st March, 1892.
The University of Upsala, Sweden. 2nd June, 1891.
The President of St. Cuthbert's College, Ushaw, Durham. September,
1838.
The Imperial Library, Vienna. 14th March, 1863.
The Library of the Congress, Washington, L'.S.A. 2nd December, 1873.
The Public Library, West Hartlepool. 3rd March, [896.
The Library of the Church House, Dean's Yard, Westminster. 41I1 June,
1895.
The Wigan Free Public Library. 3rd December, 1901.
The Royal Library, Windsor. 7th December, [886.
The Norman Williams Public Library, Woodstock, Vermont, U.S.A. 7th
June, 1SS7.
The Vale College, Connecticut, L'.S.A. 7th March, 1876.
The Corporation of York. <>th March, 1888.
The Dean and Chapter of York. 13th March, 1857.
The Literary and Philosophical Society, York. 71I1 December, [88a
The Public Library, York. 6th March, 1894.
The Subscription Library, York. [6th March, [861.
The Yorkshire Archaeological Association. 3rd March, 1868.
The Yorkshire Architectural Society. 7th March, 1S71.
2>r.
JOHN GEORGE GRADON, TREASURER, IN
From ist January, iqoi,
1901.
To Balance from last Account...
,, Subscriptions received from ist January, 1901, to 31st
December, 1902 ...
,, Bank Interest
,, Amount received from Sale of Books
,, Further Subscription from Dean and Chapter of Durham
towards cost of publishing' Account Rolls of Durham
Abbey
,, Subscription from Hostmen's Company of Newcastle
towards cost of publishing- Records of Merchant
Adventurers of Newcastle
£
s.
d.
532
694
II
I
0
0
10
10
5
20
■l
6
50 o
£1407 7 "
£
s.
d. £
82
5
7
'73
8
o
1 2
9
IO
—
- 268
39
1 1
0
77
9
9
12
3
3
129 4
ACCOUNT WITH THE SURTEES SOCIETY.
to J 1st December, TQ02. £r.
d.
Vol. 103. Durham Account Rolls, Vol. Ill:
By paid Rev. Dr. Fowler for editing
Do. T. Caldcleugh for printing
Do. Leighton, Son and Hodge for binding
Vol. 104. Knaresborough Wills:—
By paid Dr. Collins for editing
Do. J. Whitehead and Son for printing
Do. Leighton, Son and Hodge tor binding- ...
Vol. 105. Merchant Adventurers of Newcastle,
Vol. II :—
By paid F. W. Dendy, Esq., for editing ...
Do. R. Welford, Esq., for indexing
Do. A. Reid and Son for printing
Do. Leighton, Son and Hodge for binding ...
Vol. 106. Testamenta Eboracensia, Vol. VI:—
By paid J. \V. Clay, Esq., tor editing
Do. J. Whitehead and Son tor printing
Do. Leighton, Son and Hodge for binding ...
Vol. 107. Rites of Durham : —
By paid T. Caldcleugh on account for printing ... ... 50 o o
Beverley Chaptf.r Act Book : —
By paid A. F. Leach, Esq., on account for editing ... ... 40 o o
MISCELLANEOUS : —
By paid W. Brown, Secretary, iov allowance to
June, 1902 ... ... ... ... ... 60 o o
Do. J. G. Gradon, Treasurer, for allowance
to June, 1902 ... ... ... ... 30 o o
Do. Andrews & Co., general expenses for 1 wo
years, less books sold by them ... ... 49 9 2
Do. T. Caldcleugh, printing report ... .. 890
Ho. Purchase of Scarce Volumes ... ... 638
Ho. Procter for printing circulars ... ... o 13 9
\)o. Treasurer for postage, stationery, &c. ... 986
164 4 .
Balance in Treasurer's Hands ... ... ... ... 3S2 10 9
46
'4
6
8
8
0
43
15
4
'4
8
1 1
—
—
2'3
6 9
5'
9
0
95
5
9
13
4
2
I.S9
18 11
£'407 7 '
Examined and found correct,
JNO. GIBSON, Auditor.
nth February, rgoj.
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