Mandjurica

Aleksey Osipovich Ivanovskiy (1863-1903), Russian orientalist,
studied Chinese and Manchu philology at the St.Petersburg University
(graduated in 1885), travelled in China in 1889-1891. Well-versed also in
Mongolian, Tibetan and Buddhist studies, he taught at the St .Petersburg
University from 1891 , published papers and books, among them materials
for the history of minorities of South- Western China (1887-1889), a
Manchu reader (Man'czurskaja chrestomatija 1-2, 1893-1895), a study
on Spatharius' mission (Zapiski VosL Otd Russk, ArcheoL Obsc., vol. 2,
1888), Chinese songs of Northern Manchuria (ZVORAO, vol. 8, 1895)
and the Mandjurica, the first and only issue of a planned series (1894).

As its sub-title shows, it presents materials for the study of two
small but interesting Altaic languages spoken in Northern Manchuria and
some other parts of China. Both Solon and Dagur (Dahur or Daur)
represent isolated idioms of their group. The first which belongs to the
Tungus branch of the Manchu-Tungus group is now the southernmost
Tungus dialect. Dagur, a Mongol island in the Sino-Manchu world,
conserves some archaic pecularities and peculiar irmovations, important
for the Mongolian as well as Altaic language history. In some degree Dagur
may also be considered a surviving variety of the language of the Kitan.

Despite the great advance of Altaic studies in this century, materials
concerning Solon and Dagur remain insufficient. Nicholas Poppe's
important monographs (Dagnrskoe narecie, Leningrad 1930, Matehaly po
solonskomu jazyku, Leningrad 1931) and his edition of a Hailar Dagur-
Manchu glossary (Asia Major X, 1934) describe the Hailar dialect of these
languages, of which Hailar Dagur is less archaic than the Nonni dialects
(see also his Introduction to Mongolian Comparative Studies, Helsinki
1955, and his Introduction to Altaic Linguistics y Wiesbaden 1965). Samuel
E.Martin's Dagur Mongolian Grammar, Texts and Lexicon (Bloomington
1961) is based on the speech of one informant, Peter Urgunge Onon, a
Naun Dagur (from the same informant we have W.M. Austin's Brief
Outline and Hattori Shiro's notes, see Martin, p.l). Louis Ligeti published
only some data from his rich materials collected in the Nonni (Nairn)
Valley and in Hailar (see e.g his Rapport preliminaire, Budapest-Leipzig
1933, Les mots solons dans un ouvrage chinois des Ts'ing, in Acta Orient.
Hung, IX, 1959, Les anciens elements mongols dans le mandchou, in Acta
Orient. Hung X, 1960 etc., AOH IX with further bibliogiaphical data
including Kamikami Raisaburo's Soron zoku no shakai, Tokyo 1940).

Some Dagur booklets were printed in China in an experimental and
ephemeral Dagur Cyrillic orthography (1957); these booklets representing
the archaic Qiqihar (Tsitsihar) dialect give further important instruction
for the student of Dagur. Dagur is also discussed in B JCh.Todaeva's works
dealing with Mongol languages and dialects of China {Mongol 'skie jazykii
dialekty Kitafa, Moskva 1960, etc.) and some Inner Mongolian papers (e.g.
by Cinggeltei in Mongyol kele bicig, 1957-1958).

Earlier records like those of Fedor V. Muromskiy who worked in the
first decade of this century in the Di Region of East Turkestan are also of
great value. Most of his posthumous papers are now accessible in Stanislaw
Kahizynski's exemplary publications (Rocznik Orientalistyczny XXXII:2,
XXXIII: 1—2; Die Sprache des mandschurischen Stammes Sibe aus der
Gegend von Kuldscha, Warszawa 1977).

„In the multi-national population of Northern Manchuria, un-
doubtedly the Scions and the Dahurs are the most interesting for
ethnography and linguistics. Not long ago the Solons' name thundered
wherever the troops of the proper (so-called Eight Bannered) army of the
ruling Manchu dynasty of China entered, while the Dahur language is now
so much accepted, that Chinese merchants, not learning, for its uselessness,
the Manchu language, do not fail to speak Dahur, as the majority of the
customers speak this language" - wrote Ivanovskiy in his introduction
(p.I). He visited Mergen and Qiqihar in 1890 (from the end of August till
the beginning of November) and had an earlier knowledge of Dagur
in Donchifa, a village near Aigun. In his record he uses the Russian
linguistic alphabet. His Solon materials are from 1 1 informants (S 1-5 of
Butkha, S 6 from a Dagur opium-smoker, Nongibu, of Mergen, S 7 from a
Manchu clerk in Mergen; S 1-7 = „Oronchon-Solon"; S 8-11 = „Manegir
Solon"), Dagur words and sentences were recorded from 8 informants
including Dagurs of Mergen (D 2 from Nongibu; D 3-4), of Donchifa (D
6—7 on the Russian side of the Amur near Aigun), from a village near
Aigun (D 9), from Aigun itself (D 8) and from a Mongol -Chinese of
Mukden who lived then in Mergen.

Ivanovskiy gives 25 Solon and 28 Dagur sentences as well as 6 Sino-
Dagur proverbs and some Manchu-Dagur parallel text fragments in Manchu
characters (pp. 1—15), a list of Solon words (pp. 15-35), a list of Dagur
words (pp. 36—73), and an appendix which is a short glossary of words
said to be Bargu-Mongolian (pp. 74-76). Pp. 77-79 bear corrections and
additions.

G.Kara

BBEJIEHIE.

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MaHbsatypcKOH AHwacriH b^ KHTa^fe, a AaxypcKiH hsmki. no.iy^ir.TB xeiieph b^ Map-
raa't h LI,nunKapf> TaKoe iipaBO rpaJKAancxBa, hto ToproBUhi h31i KnTanneBT), He my-
qaiomie no CennojtesHOCTn MaHb'i>KypcKaro HSbiKa, o6fl3aTejibHO Bci roBoparb no
AaxypcKH, TaK'j. KaKi. rjaBUbiii KoiiTniii'eH'i-T) noKynaTejieH roBopiirt na 3tomt> iiawKi.

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^ ^, 3pjn>-mH-jiH-xyHb Zl + M ifi) ;^a-IUH-JIa-^3a -js: ^; M, ^i C)flo-
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1) Emh nOHHHaTb 3T0 MODO (nOAOfiHO KHTaRnaHl) BT. odinHpHOH-b, C06HpaTeJbH0MT, CMbtCJI-b,

«aKi* cKasaHo Huwe (na CTpaHH^t 3-beB).

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no MaHbHmjpiH. Tohko raKHto a namy flesA'fe Ji^&xy^hx, a ue ^aypti noTOMy, uto taKi. nponn-
HocHTcn STO caoBo BesA-fe B-b MaHbMHtypiH.

3) no neKMHCKH ^ ryHfc-tfapa, aa pfeKt Toro wo HuenH. 9Ta ptKa y BC-fcx*i>, npofeawaomHxi.
paHbiae ijeH«, nasBAHa TaHi,, ho bto ouih6o'iho: p. ^W TaHb-CHpa Aaabiue, a na p. fiynt-fiHpa ecTb
ToibKo AepeBHfl ^aH'B-^3a ^ -jp, 6jtii3i, Toy-qwaHh.

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lUHMi (usyHi-ryaHb, yxapn-Aa): XaiiJiapcKowy h BytxacKOMy, rA'fe HaceJenie nowTH
cnjioiub coJOHCKoe, npHqeaii panotrb BiacTH nocji-feAnnro (fiyTxacKaro) rjtaBHoynpaB-
Jiawmaro (KaKi) aaB^Aytoiuaro BciMH ByxxaHaMH, t, e., flcaHMbIM^, oxoTHnqtHw-b
HacejenieMT), Kanx cojiohckrwT), xaKi h AaxypCKHM^) oneitb oGiuHpeHTj h, xaK'b cna-
aaxb, OTjmqaeTCfl qepeanojiocHocxbio, bxoah bi. pawoiibi MapraubCKaro k IJ,HUHKap-
CKaro <i>yAyxyHOBi>; noaxoMy noABJiacxHbie euy Eyxxanbi wHByrb h no p. HaMap-b h
no xpaKxy ineasAy Mapraneftrb h UHUHKapoM^(Hanp. bi. AepeBnaxi. /^a-Ka6xa, Banjiy-
KaSxa h aP- okojio craHi^in Jlaxa-M>KaHb). 3arfeMT> no Xnnrany h npR-Aiwypbio 6po-

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cxaBJiflK>TT> H3^ ce6fl bi cwbicjii aAMEHHCTparHBuo-nojiii'iHsecHEx^ h 3XHorpa*i>ii-
HecKHXx rpynni? IIpewAe Bcero, Konequo, o6paxHMca k^ KHxaiiciaiwi, ch'tji;hmwb.
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B^ ci.sepnoH MaubMatypin HbiHimitH}! Afinacxin, KorAa, no6y>KAac>jan rioflBJFeHiewfc
pyccI<Hx^ imAwypij, saAywajia aannxb :>Ty ciiBepHyioMaHb'UKypiio^). OrnocHTejibHO
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ApryHH K 3e'h, oxnyAa hxx KHxafiCKoe opaHnxcjbcxBo BCTLACiBie I'paeemeH pyc-
CKHX'b nepeBGJio bi. 1639 roAy b-b Saccenin. pf.KH Honb-H-rviHH;i; (vui^kOj no ocxa-
BJieniH pyccKHMH Awypa, nacxb hxl onaxb Bepnyjiacb xyAa^J. ivoiie'iHo, KnraHCKoe
npaBHxejbCTBO nosaGoxmrocb npnBJie'ienirr Bx'b im cboio uymoy. CjiaroAapa no-
CT0HHHfaiMT> 3a6oxaMx> 3xoro npaBBxejibCXBa, 4acxb CojfOHOB'b m /^axypT> 6ojite wm
Mento OKKxaiuacb, cxaja jkhxb Bt Aoiwaxi* KtixawcKaro oSpaaua, nocHib oAemay
snaMennbixi. Manbqmyp'b. Bort xanie Cojionbi h /I,axypbi, noAodno noAAaBiUHMCH
B^ nepBoe npcMn BoannKnoBeHin nburfemHen /I^afifuuiCKOH AHnaciiH KnxaftuaM'b n
MoHrojiaittt, GbiJin oAtinaKono ") BKJiwMenbi B^ cocxaB^ BoeHHOoCnaaHnaro cocjioBifl

1) FIlKOToptie HST. KHXT. sHifOio )K«8yrb H R-fc KHTaftcKHxt ;^epeBHnx'b.

'2j IIpoHic: — MftHbH>Kypht, KnTa{i(;bi k Bapxy — nepece;iH:incb snocJi'feji.CTBiH.

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4) 9to nOATBep}K;[,aeTcn ctiu; n cnt,;[,'hHinKH nepBux-b pyccKHXi. Ha AMyp-fe,

5) ^afi-UHK't.-H-Tyin.-i^H, u3. 30, :i I. j^axypu h xeaepi. WHeyTi. na Ji-feaoin, Cepery Aaypa,
CoxoBaxi> >Ke (qoummo OpOHb<join.) naMnTi. coxpaHHJincb bi* HusBaHiu HiKOTopbixi* AcpCBeub, nanp.
TyPAyHT. (na jfhsowh Cepery, nume AfiryKR) — coJtOHCKan «ai(iMJiifi, npeACTanHXCJiH KOTopofi HtHByn.
H Tenepb B-b DbiiueynoMaHyTofi APpeBH'fe /I,a-Ka6ia (Bailjiy-Ka(Sxa).

6) OTCJOAa, BaAO Aywarb, roshhkjio noKaaanie, mto Cojohob'b cymecTBycTb ab* rpynau, roso-
pmuifl pasjiHiHWMH flawKanH: OHKOpii-CoJionbi u ^axypb maCyp-b) -CoJioHbi, Tskopo A'^JteHia Mafe ywe
H«rA't n-b MaHbHwypitt ho npnxoAHJiocb cjibimaTb, tojibko cjobo OHKOpi* coxpaHHJiiocb b-b *opMii Xoh-
Kopy nji» XoKKop, krk^ HasbisatoTi. CojiOHOR7> ^[^axypKi. Boo6iue we, sd o6HTaTeiH MaubMwypiH nasbi-
BaiOTT. Hx-b apocTO «CoAOH'b» (Co-jynb) h w^axyp-bo (oT'iero a Be3Kh TaKT> hxi. ii HaawBaio), npHdasJiafl
TcibKO HuorAa bi. BiiAt. cotfHpaxejii.Haro Byrxa — (iByTxa-Cojiotn.» \t ((UyTxav'^axyptn.

Ill

cnoABHHtHHKOBt 3T0H ^RHacTiH, pas^'fe^eHHaro Ha OAHH H T'fc me 8 siiaftieHij (Kopny-
coB^), HO TOJfaKO paauHiaKnaarocfl no napOAHOCTHM^, to ecxb, cymecTByerb 8 3Ha-

MeHT> MaUbMfltypCKHX'b, 8 MOHrOJIfaCKHX-b H 8 KBTaHCKHXT* (xaHb-U3I0Ht).

To^HO TaK>Ke, h Cojiohu, b /I,axypbi, no o^pasosaniH hstj nnxi) E^B-fecTHaro
HHCJia pOTb, 6hhi\i pacnpeA'feJieHbi no 8 3HaMeHaMi>, TOJbKo CoJiOHbi no laanbHa^yp*
cKHMX, a /(axypbi ^) no MonrojibCKHM'b. dm CojiOHbi h Aaxypbi btj KanecTB'fe anaiHeH-
Hbixi (na-UH-At»i /\ ^ ^ HJH u,ii-mmb ^ ^) nojiy^awrb orb npaBHxeJibCTBa
onpeA'feJieHHoe ^Ka^oBanbe (oCbiKuoBeHUO phaoboh — 24 Jianbi bti rOAt), Hecyrb A'fefi-
cTBHTejibnyio c^ym6y h paacbiJiaiOTCw napaBufe cb npo^HMH snaMenHbiMH ai* rapHB-
30Hbi no ropOAaM^.

^pyran wacTb Toro h Apyroro njicMenn ocraBjeaa wb aanaci, ne nojiyiaerb
atajioBaHbfl, ho b ho necerb A^iHCTBBTe/ibuoH cjiyiK6bi*). dvo h ecTb, xaKi HasbiBae-
Mbie, wByTxaw (eyTxaii-iinjiMa) urn ByxxaHbi x. o. 3B'feponpOMbiinjieHHHKH, oxothhkh.
Bcfl' HX'b oGHsannocrb cocx()nxi> bT) npeACxaBjeniH eweroAHO Hwnepaxopy nsBtcx-
Haro KOJtH'iecxBa coOojien, Ka6aH0BT>, ^asanoBii h x. n. Jl^Jin axoro onn b^ nsaicxnoe
BpeMfl co6Hpaioxcn na o6jiaBbi noA'b npeABOAHxeJibCXBOM^ «rjiaBHoynpaBJinK)mBx^»
(ivayui-ryaub, yxspn-Aa). 9xnByTxaHbi, xoxa h HCHByxT> oxqacxn wb AOMax-b KBxaH-
CKaro o6pa3ua, no coxpaHH-in eiAO choh iipe^Knie o6biqan, cboio OAoiKAy h ffiHByxi»

HCKJHOMHXe^bnO OXOXOK).

Kt> CoJonaMi, KnxancKie hcxohhhkb, pasno KaK^ b Bcfe o5Hxaxe^n cfesepHOB
MaubqffiypiB npn'nicjHiox'b (cyAH noflSbiKy— Bnojin-feocnoBaxe^ibno) SpOAH^nx'b (sa ne-
MHoruMU HCKJiioMeni;iMn) oGnraxejieH ciBepHoir »iacxn XnnrancKaro xpe5xa h npufipe-
atiHAMypa~OpoHb40[ioBT>^} fftOJieneBOAOB-bB—Manb^mypcKoe Ha3BaHio), Bna^e IJ,h-
jiBHeH (KBxaHCKoe nasBauie, no BMenB yposBma, rA'fe ^pOHcxoABJI^ xoprb c1)HBmb) bjb
ManerHpoBt. TIocji-feAHee cjiobo (Man^rnpi), ynorpefijiHeMoe xenepb pyccKHMH, Geai
coMH-fenifl, ecxb nasBaiiie oahofo b3T) poAOB^ axoro njieweiin. Cawn npeACxasBxejiB
nocjiiAHaro Ha3biBaK)n> cp6fl ^espasJiH^no: Oponb^o, U,HjHHb ^ j^^ ^ j|;^^
® i^, MaHerBpT> mn Co.iotrb, KaKX), no hxt> MnfeaiK), 6yAerb nonnxHie coGeciA-
HBKy. B^ iieAaBHee BpeMH j\,:in npH8j[e^eHiH Hx-b Kb CJiyacGfe k ociA-tocxH 6bu%
Bwcxpoem, ropoA-bCwH^-aHb-^aH^ M ^ ^ («XBnraHCKiB ropoA^»), ho pasaajrajicfl
orb A^BCXBia noAnoMBennbix^ boa^, h «r;iaBiioynpaBjaK)uuH» ^KHBex^ bt, n-fecKOJib-
KHx-b eepcxax-b oxctoAa, na 4-ob orb ABryna cxanuiB (KajixapxH-MmaHbP^^:^

^To Kacaexcn ao nassaHiH «CoJIOH^»• n «/I^axyp^», xo Hx^ SHaneHie h npoBC-
xojKAenie xo;iKyioxca bx KHxaHCKoft b eBponeHCKOH jiHxepaxyp'fe pa3JIHHHbIM^ o(5pa-

I) HtKOTOpwe H3T> HHXT. AOCTHrailH BMCIUaTO 3BaHiH— AJ-TyHOBTb (KOpuyCHUXli KOMaHAHpOBX).

2) B-h cjiyia-fe HaAo^HOCTH h3T» Bea Mowerx 6uTb apHSBauo ua A'^RcTBHTexbHyio cjiy»t(Sy hssIct-
Hoe KOjiUMecTBo aH)fl,efi; xor^a ohh ct. MoueHxa npH3MBa oojytiaiorB sHaHeBHoe HtaxoBaHbe.

3) OoH o6pa3yiOTT> Kaicb 6bi cteepHyio BfeTOb Cojohobt,, Koropofl eme doith RHCKOjn>KO ne itoc-
ajMcb KHTaficKaa ^HBH;IH3ft^iH h KOTopaa KaKt, 6u cBfl3biBaeri. Cojiohobt, MaiibHJKypiH cb chShd-
CKHHH TynrycaKH.

IV

30MT.. npH HacTOfluiHx^ HaiiiHX'h CBiiA'feniflX'b no HCTopiii n ApeeHOcmMT. MaHb^iHvypiH
H npiueraKHUHX'fc c'rpam>, iian6ojiieB'fepoflTHbiMfi«BJiJHOTCfl Mn-ttiieB. fl. BacsjiteBa
CBH3H HMenTf /^axypt CT. uasBanieMi KHAaubCKaro aHMaiia Aa-xo, h o6iflc-
Henie cjtoBa CojioHt Jl, H. LLIpeiiKOM'i,^) h3i. TywryacKaro «cojio-HeH)> (sepxHie
jiwah). Bonpoc^ o ripoucxojKAeHJH ^thxt. njieiieH^ eme fioji-fee TelMeH^ h eme Gojrfee
pasjiH^iio TpainyeTCM. KfiTaficKie mctomiihkti ^) bmboaati Cojiohob^ mh KawaHxaiib
(3a6aHKaji>ij) n cHirraioT^ iioTowKaMH KiiAaaew (Ch-JIho). /I,axyphi /kg iio hhm^ ocra-
TOK% KHTawcKaro rapnn30Haj ocraBJieHHaro TancKHMi. TaH-a:iy (618 — 626) bo
Bpewa noxoAa Ha KHAancH (Mo) AJin oxoxhi na jirc04t> (oTFyAa n «xi nasBaHie /I,ti-
xy-Jin :|'J' |Q!^ ^H KOXOTniuiecfl sa vinomawHA)). najiJiaAiH'')cMHTaeT'L/I,axyp^ iiotom-
KauH MOHrojio-KHTaficKHXT> rapHusoHOB'b, ocTaBjteMHbix'L 3A'hc{» afiuacTien lOaHb
(1280 — 1367). CoJiOHbi JKe no ero MHiniio npoFcxoAflTT) wjih orhypsifxa, wjih iinx
Kopeii (u-BO CHHbgJO 0f ^). LIlpeHK'L CMHxacTT. /I,axypi) ii (JojiOHOB'b rynrys-
CKBWK HJieMenaMH ci> CH^ibHoio npmvrfecbio MOHro;ibCKaro ajieMCfixa.

Bel; 9TH iipeAHO^ioKeHin ii HnMCHanifif OyAym ocnouaEibi OTMacru ua iioKa3a-
Hinxt KHTuiicHOH HCTOpiH (FlajiJiaAin, BaciLTbOB-h), oTMacTii Tia anTpono-DTHOrpa-

ir>H'IftCKnX'b AaHHb]XX(lJ,IpenK'fa)flnJIH!OTCM UOJlho UM ;\[Oltil' OCTpOyMflMMH, 6oA' n;iii

Menie B'tpoiiTHbiMH, HO Bct oiiH iiM'feiorb OAHin* 0611UH i]e;u)<''!'^!roK'b: hh oahht> h3CxI.'
AOBatCvib He pyKOBOACTBOBajrcH jmiirBRCTHMecKiiMH Aiinfi[>iAn!. 06'bncitfieTCfl oto OMem,
npocTo: AO chxx nopi* ho^th UBMero iie 6buo waivlcnio (rniocniiuhHO sthxi. ii3b]-
KOBX, KpoM'li irfccKOJibKHX'b rojiocJioBUMX'b noKasaHJH KnTaHCKHX'bHCTO^JHiiKOB^*'), Bee,
MTO 6bi;ro hbb'^ctho, oto H'liCKOJibKo CjIobT), aadficamibixi. JiH^aMti, ripoi3>KaBuinwn
3A'f'Cb (KpanoTKinn> haP-)j "'^ o6ii;ea cjioikhocth— AecHTKa ABa, xpyi. FIpasAa, u'b
«C()opnHK'I^ rjiaBnf>HiuRX'b o*<l>H^ia.1bHb^x^ AOKywenTOBt no ynpaBJieuiio Boctomuoio
CuSHpbfO))''), B^b To.ufe lY-oiM'i. («MHOpoA^iecKoe naceAenio IlpianypCKaro KpaH»), b^ npn-
jiowGHiH Kt CTavbl^ iiOAiioJiKOBfiriKa Ha3ap0Ba iipiiROAtMio 01 AaxypcKoe cjiobo, ho
B'b oqeHb HefltpHOftrb h iicKu/KeHiioAiTi bha^, nanp. cara.ni — rySbi (bh. caxajia,
caha^ia — oopoAa, ycbi); OMopi> bh. KOHopo, ny^yp; i'HJiH3y bm. nuiJiasy, A'ifJBa bm.
q>KHBH, H T. A.*).

ri03Towy TO fl B'b iiaqaAi CBoero npe(5biBaHifl wb MaHbHmypiw, nMeimo no Bpeivui
AByx'b iio'bAOK'b: B'b MapraHb (20 aBr. — 6 coht. 1 890 r.) ti bt, Ii,BiuiKap'b { 1 1 oivrn^

1) «06'b HHOpoAnaxT' AwypcKaro wpaHw, t. 1 (CIIB. 1883), cTp. 141 — HI.

2) X^rl•JIyH^,■^3flH'i-^3H-mH, ^^. 8; My-caft-ay {ij ^ $|^ » 2-an -lacTb, a. b h a.

3) ((^opowHbifl aaMixKH Ha nyrn on. TleKHHa xo BaaronfeLneHCKa, Hepea-t MaatM/Kypiio, bx
1870 r.» (3an. H. P. V. 06-, no o6t^. reorp., x. IV), CTp. 443 ~ 444.

4) MewAj T^M-L oTHOCHTejiLHO cHSiipcKHxt TyHTycoB'fc co6piun. y}KO AOBOJhHO HRKHHycahnuti
waTcpiaji't. Ilaaony lOJibKo: MaanT. (dlyTeuiecTBif wa AMyp^i), Castrcn ftGrumlKtigc cinev Tungusi-
?chou Spracblehres aScbiefner «A. Czekauowski's tungusiaches W&iLcrvftrzoichniasj) (M6i, As. t.VlII,
?)35 — 416),

5) HsAaBAJicn bt. HpnyrcK't ni, oyeHLorpaHHHeHHOM-b KOJxnuecTDliaioeMn^HpoBb h bt. npo^amy
HC uocTyQaJi'&.

6) TaK'i. JKe HCKOBepKaHU vi KHxatkHin cjioca, iianp. koiia'I" UMhcxo finh-ivnHUL i'Jia:m, ry(iu xooaa
DM, xjr-ii.3a dopo^^a.

6pji — 10 uon6^n Toro ikc voaix) nocTUBfuti) ce6fe JxkAbio co5paTt., no H03M0H;H0CTn,
6oJ!bii]iH MtiTepia.rb no :>T[!ari, >i3hiKaM'h. Ktj aroMy mghm no6y/KAaJio emo n to, mto
ch AaxypCKHMi) nsbiKOM^ h ywe iiosnaKOMHJCfl, h^hba B-hTCMeMin HicKo.ibKiixT> (vrfecH-
u/dBT) HfiHe AHryna okojio AaxypcKoii AepeBHH /l,oHi,'qH*a,

H naAtocb, MTO, xoTfl no KpaTKocTii KpewenH h ocoochho ho HOBHsni npe^-
Biera, u'b C8«3h c^h ApyniWH cneuiavihnbi>ni naAaqawn^), r Mori> cofinpaxb To.ibKo
waTepiaJi* rjfaBUhiM'b oSpasoM^ jieKcnsocKiii. m, bfta'L o^xbtubixb ciOB^b, ho h
3Torh Ma'repiaxb no cBoefi KCKJUo^iHTe.ibnoii uoBiianij AaBa;i nepBbie oflpasMEHH
cojiOHCKaro h AaxypcKaro >i3e.ikob^, AftJKe b^ cbipoM'b bha'^ ne GyAerb 6e^^noJIe3eH^.
.ilaua, cncuiajibHO nocBflTiiBUiic ceSfl cpaBimTejibaowy nsy^eniio TynryacKHxt «3bi-
KOB^, Moryri) BOcnojibsOBaTbca UM'h h oh^, SyAyHH npHBCAeii^ hmh bi> imAJierKamiM
BHAT>, noayatHTb ajh AOCTHJKeHiH Toii iii^jiw, kt, KOTopoii n crpeftiTiJicn — BbiacHHTb
jiHnrBBCTH«iecKHWi> nyrew^ Bonpoci* o npoHcxoHiAeniH Co;ioHOB'b « /^axypi,.

3anHCbiBajn> n co6FpaeMbie MaTepia-ibi b^ CBoeiHb AneBiiHidi npj^MO pyccKHMn
6yKBaMH, OTM-fenafi ryi-h me Bct ocooennocTU npoHsnoiueniji, KoropbiH no iiopeAaBa-
jiHCb 6yKBawH pycCKaro a.M'aBHca. y>Ko SAk'b bi. IleTepSypri; :)rn Marepia^bi 6bu\\
HHoio nepeiiHcaHbi na ocnouanin «PyccKOH JHHt'BflCTiiHecKoii a36yKii», npH Merb ,vin
B03e'raH0B.ieni>i orrhnKoirb npon3HomeniH, h, KpoMt cBoeii najuiTo, noJibsoBaJicfi eu;e
Bbiiiieyno»jflHyrbi5JH noM'lvri;awn. FTpH .•>To>i ncpcnncK'ii n hc no3H0Jin.!ii ce(5'h iicnpa-
BJiflTb CBOHXi> MOpHOBbix^ aaiuiccH, xo m 6h] n hbjihjhck coMirfeniH, no3To»ty u ocxa-
BHjn> «anp. ij, nv a i[v.

Kt> AaxypcKOMy ;i3bmy ji RH-fcji'b AOBOJibHo Bpeiieun iipnciymaThCH (i;;iK'b v/kc
(iKaaano Bbime) eiue bo Bpeina npe5biBaniH na Awypt, b-b oKpecniocraxb /Viiryna,
3ByKH ;Ke coJOHCKaro jiabiKa mit cTaJin, kokcmho, ouxhe ncuh\ n Bnfimbi bo iiTOpvfo
no'hsAKy (bt> IJ,RMHKap'b), no ivh ;rry uo'h3;Viy h 6h\m co6pant>i iunoio rjiaBUbie iviaTO-
piajiH, a B^ nepByio nofesAKy n to.ii.ko jaLiiicaJi'b cojioncKin ciona (Tn> ManorKpoD'b
HoHOXOHil (S^") H [i3h1; (S'O-

OTnocBTejibHoweTOAacupaiiiBBaHiflCKaHsy,MTOAJiHH3()'fe/KainHBjiflHiHManhMatyp-
CKaro fliJbiKa (a A^a cojoncKaro — h Aaxypcnaro) n cnpamnBajii. (jCbiKiioBcmio cmi> no
KBTaHCKH^), yKa3biBa>j no bosmohshocth to, o MeM'bcnpauiHiiaii^h; Kb MaiibM^KypcKOMy
ashiKy npHd-ferajii, To.qbKo AJia sanHCbiBaniH i^aMMaTH4ecKiiXT> ^T»op*rb'^)j Aa ei'ue iipn
saiiBCbiBaniH AaxypcKHx^ OTpbiBKOS'fc. B-b uowliAHCM'b cjiy^ai n HtUbua 6buo no-

1) Bo BpewH Moero Dpe^MBaHiii bt, 3thxt. irfccTaxi., t'JiaiiHWMH upeA«C'faMH woero HoyseHin
cjyjKHflH M'l-.CTHun HapikHia KBTaflcKaro iiauKa k m, ocodcuaocTti jtaHb'i;KypcKiri jiawKi,, KOTOpwfi
H-feKOTopwe ywe c^KTaJii MepTBuji'i, autiKOMT., a MewAy rfen-b, OKa:mAocb, Ha HeMi* ciuc roDopiirb u
nHiuen. SHaHiiTejibHafl 'lacrt HaceieBis CtBcpHofl MaHb'jwypiH.

-«; HCKJioHeHiH yKaaaHu nHXie npH nepcHncJieHiu jinn'i,, coo6mnBUJHX'i> MaTcpiaabi.

a) IIoaTouy to npH rpaMMaTjrtccKHXi. ^popiiaxi. imofo BHwe u iipHneACHw cooTB-LTCTBytoiuix
MaubYHtypcKin, bt. oTaliTi, HaiiOTopbTa mh* h (Iwjiii CKaaaHi.i mbhwh coJORCKin u.iu ^axypcKifl t-npiiM.
ny KcxaTH, UTO, no BoaHa'iHTeabHOcTH o6ivCHa, otu rpuMMa-niMecidfr t-opww iir cocAiiiioFtM mhoio
»!• OAHo ^'feJ^oe, a opocTO npHocAeHu bt> cnHCKaxi. cjoirb.

VI

ciyimrB vmaHe: /I,axyphi ucer^a iiHuiVTh no waHb^iwypcKn, n nepBbiH txfejia.n. uo-
iihiTKy nwcarb fio ^axypcKH MaHbH^typcKHMH 6yKBaMH h B^nhuiiPicn 3a aro Aaxypx

AOHHHb 3HaJlX TOJ!bKO DO WaHb^HCypCKR.

riepeiiAy xenepb kx juiuawb, coo^iuHBuiniwi MHt iipeAJiaraeMMH JimwrncTme-
cKiti Maxepiaji^. OniocnTeiTbHo BpeweHw sannTiH ch iiepe^HCJineMbiMH JiHitaMH; saM^qy,
MTo, I'A'fe He yKaaaHO BpeweHB. niiawHrf), oaHaReHuoe jihuo a BM'feJ^IlOA^>pyKaMH scero
ojijiwh HJiH ABa pasa.

A. p, MBAHOBCKlft.

MANDJURICA.

I.

OBPASUbl

cojoHCKAro I jiAxypcKAro aabiKOB^L.

^$*^€

CAHKTIIETEPByPrL, 1894.

ni'OAAKtCH y KOMHCIOHBrOBli HHIIEPATOPCKOft AKMt^lflK HAyK^:

■ rjuarnou, BT. C. II. B. 3rrepeii m Komii., bt. C. IL E.

H. KiNMeJM, n> pHr&,

llnna 80 k.

The Russian edition of St. Petersburg (1894)

reprinted by the Research Group for AUaic

Studies of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences

with a foreword in English by G. Kara

AKADEMIAI KIADO, BUDAPEST 1982

A project of the Research Group for Altaic Studies
of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences

ISBN 963 05 3261 1 (series)
ISBN 963 05 3262 X (vol.)

( ) Akademiai Kiado, Budapest 1982