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Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27,  1912. 


NOTES   AND    QUERIES 

V?A 


\\ 


JKiMunt  0f  Jntm0ntntmurati0n 


FOR 


LITERARY     MEN,     GENERAL     READERS,     ETC. 


"When  found,  make  a  note  of." — CAPTAIN  CUTTLE. 


ELEVENTH     SERIES.- VOLUME     IV. 
JULY — DECEMBER,  1911. 


LONDON: 

PUBLISHED  AT  THE 

OFFICE,   BREAM'S   BUILDINGS,  CHANCERY  LANE,  E.G. 
BY  JOHN  C.  FRANCIS  AND  J.  EDWARD  FRANCIS. 


tfotes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


AG 


N 


,y     U- 


LIBRARY 

730976 

UNIVERSITY  OF  TORONTO 


n  s.  iv.  JULY  i,  1911.]          NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


1 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JULY  1,  1911. 


CONTENTS.— No.  79. 

:Nf>rKS  :— Simon  de  Swanland  and  Edward  II.,  1-The 
Burghal  Hidage,  2— Cromwelliana,  3 -The  King's  Palace, 
Fordwich,  4— Aviation  in  1811— The  Taxi- Aero— Serjeants' 
Inn  Dinner  in  1839,  5— The  Farmer's  Creed— "  Jacobite  " 
=  "  Jacobin  "— Boleyn  Family  in  Ireland,  6. 

•QUERIES  :— Dr.  F.  E.  bankey  :  Dr.  Woolley— Mummy  used 
as  Paint  —  "  Backseat "  —  "  Bast "  —  Henry  VII.  and 
Mabuse— Skeat  on  Derivations — St.  Columband  Stratton 
Accounts,  7— Bristol  Board— Guild  of  Clothiers— Military 
Executions  —  Authors  Wanted  —  Hugh  Family  —  Major 
Kunjamin  Woodward,  8 — Son  and  Mother — Belly  and  the 
Body — John  Owen  —  French  Thunderstorm — "Franklin 
days" — Fire  of  London — Ripon  Forger,  9— Apophthegms 
for  School  Museum — Dean  Merivale  on  Perseverance— 
lUddle— Robert  Blincoe— Lord  Falmouth's  Charters— St. 
Lngidio--Port  Henderson,  10. 

(REPLIES  :— Bishop  Ken,  10— 'The  British  Critic,'  11— 
Royal  Jubilees  — Queen  Victoria's  Great  -  Grandmother 
— "  Envy,  eldest-born  of  hell "— "  Orgeat,"  12—"  Schicksal 
und  eigene  Schuld"— "Souchy  "-  Mistress  K.  Ashley- 
Temple  Organ,  13— '  Churches  of  Yorkshire '— '  Wee  Wee 
German  Lairdie,'  14 — Authors  Wanted — Colour  of  Sheep — 
Sir  W.  Ashton— Murderous  London  Boatman— St. Patrick  : 
St.  George,  16— Forbes  of  Skellater— Milton— B  and  G  in 
Domesday—"  O.  K."— Peter  the  Great's  Portrait— Pigtails 
i  n  the  British  Army,  17 — Swammerdam  on  Insects — Royal 
Society  Rarities— Commonwealth  Churches— Blue  Rod— 
Buttyvant,  18. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :—' Records  of  the  English  Bible'— 
•  The  Cornhill.' 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 
OBITUARY  :-Rev.  W.  J.  Loftie. 
Notices  to  Correspondents. 


SIMON    DE    SWANLAND    AND 
KING  EDWARD    II. 

IN  the  Middlesex  manor  of  Harefield  lies  a 
•district  known  in  the  thirteenth  century  as 
Swanland,  and  in  due  course  its  lady, 
Margaret  de  Swanland,  married  John  Newde- 
gate,  lord  of  Harefield,  a  fact  that  accounts 
for  the  preservation  of  some  highly  inter- 
esting documents  among  the  Harefield 
title-deeds. 

Simon  de  Swanland,  a  successful  merchant, 
draper,  and  citizen  of  London,  flourished 
in  the  reigns  of  Edward  I.-IIL,  and  would 
«eem  to  have  been  an  adherent  of  Edward  II. 
throughout  his  career.  It  is  to  him  Edward 
sends  during  his  temporary  success  over  his 
•enemies,  and  it  is  to  him  that  the  royal 
treasure  is  entrusted  in  time  of  misfortune. 
It  is  so  seldom  that  an  opportunity  occurs 
•of  finding  the  privy  doings  of  early  kings 
that  I  cannot  keep  thinking  that  these, 
«o  far  as  I  am  aware,  unpublished  documents 


should  have  a  general  interest.  I  have 
added  notes  of  other  deeds  which  throw 
light  upon  the  early  formation  of  merchant 
companies. 

1.  The  first  of  the  series  would  perhaps  be 
suitably  described  as  letters  of  association 
of    the    merchant    Simon    with    two    other 
drapers,    Ralph    de    Waleeote    and    Henry 
Darcy,  in  1312. 

2.  The  second  is   a  letter   from  William 
de  Melton,   Archbishop  of  York,  to  Simon, 
requesting    him    to    obtain    certain    articles 
for  the  King's  Wardrobe. 

3.  The  third  may  be  described  as  a  disso- 
lution of  the  company,  with  a  statement  o 
their  respective  gains,  in  1318. 

4.  This  is  a  statement  of  profit  and  loss 
between  Simon  and  John  de  Swanland,  1319. 

5.  Lastly,  there  is  an  acquittance  for  the 
surrender    of    the    royal    goods    placed    in 
Simon's  charge,  1327. 

The  following  are  abstracts  of  the  docu- 
ments referred  to  : — 

1.  Indenture    of    partnership    between    Simon 
de   Swanland,    Ralph    de   Walecote,    and    Henry 
Darcy,    drapers,  agreed  upon  at  Christmas   ("  la 
feste  de  Noel"),  6  Edward  II.  (1312).     Wherein 
they  agree  "  a  compaignez  ensemble  pour  mar- 
chander    de    dras    et    dautres    choses    pour    leur 
commun  profit  "  to  the  end  of  three  years  follow- 
ing, Simon  to  find  400Z.,  Ralph  300Z.,  and  Henry 
62Z.,   binding  themselves   to  risk   "  to  us   perieux 
de  meer,  de  feu,  de  prise  le  Roy,  et  deRobberie," 
and   to   share   the   gains   as   follows.     Henry   de 
Melton    (who   joined   as    co-partner)    and   Henry 
"  auront  le  tierce  denier  du  gaign,"  and  Simon  and 
Ralph  a  similar  share.     Should  any  of  the  com- 
pany wish  to  retire,  six  months'  warning  is  to  be 
given,  and  he  must  share  all  the  losses.     Each 
party  affixed  his  seal. 

2.  Letter  from  William,  Archbishop  of  York, 
to   his   beloved   Simon   de   Swanland,    citizen   of 
London,    enjoining   him    to    strict   secrecy,    "  et 
que  vous  ne  le  monstrez  a  nul  homme  ne  femme 
du  mounde  tant  que  nous  avoins  parle.     Voillez 
saver  que  nous  avoins  certeius  noveles  de  notre 
seigneur  lege  Edward  de  Karn(arvon)  quil  est  en 
vie  et  en  bone  sainte  de  corps  et  en  seur. .  .  .a  sa 
volente  demeign  par  quoi  nous  sumes  plus  joyous." 
The  writer  sends  a  draft  for  200Z.  of  gold,  and 
requests  Simon  to  search  out  two  "  demi-draps  " 
of  divers   colour,  "  bon   drap   et  prouve  vesture 
et  bon  pelur  de  menever  par  vi.  garnientz  et  iij. 
chaperons  de  menever  pour  les  chaperons  et  deux 
coverletes  de  divers  colours  de  la  plus  large  assiz  ove 
les  tapitz,"  two  girdles  and  two  pouches,  20  ells 
of  linen   cloth   ("  linge  de  lak");     and   also  to 
request  his  shoemaker  to  add  "  vi.  peir  de  solers  et 
ij.  peir  de  botes,"  and  to  make  a  truss  of  them 
"en   un   fardel   come   les   mercers    menont   lour 
mercerie."      The  writer  will  send  a  horse  with  a 
trusty  brother,  Sir  William  de  Clyf,to  carry  them 
away.    The  bond  is  payable  at  Kawood  eight  days 
after  the  Feast  of  Purification  next.     He  makes 
this  request  trusting  that  Simon  will  do  all  he  asks 
for  his  honour  and  profit,  and  will  also  deliver  to 
the  bearer  of  the  cloths  a  robe  and  1  "  forour," 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         en  s.  iv.  JULY  i,  1911. 


and  charge  the  expense  to  the  writer.     Dated  at 
the  manor  of  Kawood  the  morrow  of  St.  Hillary. 

3.  An  agreement  between  the  three  merchants 
Simon    de    Swanland,    Rauf    de    Walecote,    and 
Henry  Darcy  for  the  dissolution  of  their  company. 
Dated  London,  the  4  day  after 12  Edward  II. 

4.  Indenture  between  Simon  de  Swanland  and 
John  de  Swanland  dated  the  Feast  of  St.  Botulf, 
13  Edward  II. . .  4  .viiift.  iiis.  vid.     Gain  of  two 
years  next  following,  ccxxZi.     Item,  gain  of  the 
xvi.,  xvii.,  xviii.  years,  ccciijxxfo'.vs.viijd!. ;  of  year 
xix.,  ccxi/i.  viiis.  viiic?. ;  the  year  of  grace  M'CCCXVI, 
account  the  day  of  St.  Peter  in  the  Chair,  ccclvfo'. 
vis.    Total,  m'dec.  iiijxxZi.  vis.  iiijd.    Of  which  sum 
the  said  Simon  laid  out  in  the  purchase  of  a  shop 
and  in  parcel  accounts,  the  Feast  of  St.  Peter 
above  said,  m'dcxiZi.  viq.  ;  and  there  remained  due 
to  Simon  clxixZi.  iijs.  ix<?.     This  indenture  certifies 
that  John  de  Swanland  lost  in  his  partnership  with 
Simon,  in  arrears  and  debts,  cccxxxviiZi.  ixd. 

5.  Indenture    witnessing    that    Sire    Nicholas 
de  Hungate,  clerk,  received  of  Symon  de  Swan- 
lund,  merchant  of  London,  the  goods  of  which  he 
had  charge  :     "  Lun  euere  et  lavacre  chase  dorre, 
un  chaperon  de  meisme  la  suite.     Item  i.  orfiller 
de  saye  neu  tredes  oyseaux  dor.     Item  iiij.  aunes 
de  tarse   ove    deux   gemels  de  Reye  dor  ove  un 
pece  de  meisme  la  suite.     Item  demy  garmentez 
de  velvet  vert  ove  le  Reye ....  ove  la  chaperon 
de  mesme  la  suite.    Item  i.  pece  de  velvett  i.  ann. 
Item  ij.  garmentez  of  velvett  de  le  R eyes  de  velvet 
vert.    Item  i.  chape  dor  que  la  bordure  argent  de 
perles  blanches  divers ....  [erased!.    Item  ij.  bibles 
bon  et   bels  lun  covere  de  Roug  quire,  lautre  de 
quire  tanner.     Item  le  sisme  livre  de . .  . .  vel  et 
bien  gloses  covere  de  quir  vert.     Item  i.  Registre 
covere  de  quire  rouge.     Item  deux  coffres  bien 
garnisez  par  trusser  ove  divers  choses  de  deutz. 
Item  viii.  a . .  .  .  de  Reye  dor  a  livere  le  Count  de 

Chestre  pur  chivacres Item  i.  chalice  bon  et 

bel  dargera  dessez  que  poyse  iiij.  meres  et  deux 
pichers  dargent  meisme  la  suite.     Item  i.  coupe 
dargent    ove    le    pie    et    le   covercle    ove    troys 
braunches  de  gleyns  dorrez . .  .  .  deviz  le  covercle 
des    armes    dangleterre    et    de    France    ove    un 
ewere    du    meisme    la    suite.      Item    i.    encensq 
dargent  que  poyse  xvi.  souz.      Item  iiij.  mazers 
. . .  .le  trois    suite    leiz.  ove    soreles  et    dargent 
dorrez.     Item  un  coverla  vert  ove  iij.   tapiz  de 
meisme,  a  suite.       Item  i.  quilt  poynt  novel  long 
et  leez  covere  de  sendall  vermaill.     Item  i.  pece 
de  bele  napery    et   contient    cynkaunt   et  trois 
aunes.      Item    i.    messal    covere   de    noyr    quir. 
Item   i.  neyr  falding.     In    witness    of   which    Sir 
Nicholas  and  Symon  have  interchanged  their  seals. 
Given    in    London     "  le    xxix.    jour    de    Marc.," 
1.  Edward  III. 

J.  HARVEY  BLOOM. 


THE    BURGHAL    HIDAGE. 

THE  following  comparison  of  the  figures  of 
the  Burghal  Hidage  with  the  hidages  of  the 
corresponding  counties  as  recorded  in  Domes- 
day Book  may  be  of  interest.  It  is  based  on 
the  assumption  that  the  total  recorded  in 
the  MSS.  (27,170  hides)  for  the  main  portion 
of  the  burghs  is  correct,  so  that  the  dis- 
crepancy between  it  and  the  sum  of  the 


separate  hidages  must  be  remedied,  if 
possible,  by  emendations  of  the  latter. 
Only  two  such  emendations  appear  to  be- 
required  :  ( 1 )  Tisbury  and  Shaf  tesbury  are- 
here  considered  as. the  members  of  Wilton,, 
or  substitutes  for  it;  and  (2)  at  Bath  "M 
hides  and  xxii  hund'  hides "  has  been 
altered  to  "  M  hides  and  xii  hund'  hides," 
the  latter  being,  in  comparison  with  the- 
other,  an  easy  phrase.  The  remaining 
figures  have  MS.  authority.  The  details- 
may  be  seen  in  Maitland's  '  Domesday  Book 
and  Beyond  '  and  Mr.  Chadwick's  '  Anglo- 
Saxon  Institutions,'  The  county  figures 
are  from  Maitland. 

Burghal  Hidage. 

"  Heorewburan  "    ... 

Hastings  (15)  

Lewes 

Bnrpham       

Chichester    

Porchester    

Southampton  and  Win-  \ 
Chester    / 

w;if  ™  /  Tisbury         700  \ 
Wllton  |  Shaf  tesbury  700  / 

Twinham       

Wareham      

Bridport(?) 


-Hides 
.  324 
.  1500 
.  1300 
.  726 
.  1500 
.  650 

2400 


Domesday  Boole. 
Hides 

Sussex  ...  3474 
Hants  ...  2588 
Berks  ...  2473 


8535- 


8400 


1400 

460 
1600 
1760 


Wilts  (|)       3040 
Dorset    ...   2277 


5317" 


5220 


Exeter 

Hahvell         

Liclford          

Pilton  with  Barnstaple 

Watchet        

Axbridge       

Lyng 

Langport       

Bath  (3200)    

Malmesbury 

Cricklade      ... 


Oxford  and  Wallingford  ... 

Buckingham  and  \ 

"  Sceaf  tesley  "     J 

Bashing  and  South wark  ... 


734 

300 

140 

360 

513 

400 

100 

600 

2200 

1500 

1003 

2400 
1500 


1800 
5700 


Devon  ...  1119 
Somerset  2936 
Gloucester  2388 
Wilts  (J)...  1010 


7453-- 


7850 


Oxford  ...  2412 
Bucks  ...  2074 
Surrey  ...  1830 


6316^ 


Recorded  Total       27,170      Grand  Total    27,621 

The  hidages  assigned  to  the  various- 
burghs  no  doubt  correspond,  as  Mr.  Chad- 
wick  points  out  in  his  book,  with  levies  of 
men  and  munitions  made  on  the  surround- 
ing districts  for  the  defence  of  the  several 
burghs.  The  excess  in  the  Domesday  total 
is  almost  accounted  for  in  Buckinghamshire, 
where  the  omission  of  Newport  Hundred 
(350  hides),  as  being  north  of  Watling  Street,, 
would  remove  most  of  the  surplus.  The 
placing  of  Twinham  (Christchurch)  in  the 
middle  of  the  Wiltshire  and  Dorset  burghs 
proves  that  if  the  county  boundaries  had 
then  been  defined,  they  were  not  punc- 
tiliously observed  by  the  framers  of  this 
scheme.  It  is  obviously  a  Wessex  scheme- 


ii  s.  iv.  JULY  i,  Mil.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


of  defence,  and  the  attack  was  expected 
to  come  by  water,  on  the  south  coast  or  by 
the  Bristol  Channel.  In  such  an  emergency 
there  seems  nothing  arbitrary  in  supposing 
that  inland  Berkshire  might  be  assigned  'to 
support  Sussex  and  Hampshire,  or  that 
Gloucestershire  might  join  in  defending 
Bath,  Malmesbury,  and  Cricklade,  which 
lay  as  near  to  it  as  to  the  bulk  of  Somerset 
and  Wiltshire.  The  eastern  and  western 
parts  of  the  Burghal  Hidage  show  a  division 
fairly  equal,  for  Sussex  and  Oxford  (first  and 
last  sections  above)  have  14,100  hides,  and 
Dorset,  Devon,  &c.,  13,070. 

The  concluding  figures  of  the  Hidage, 
after  the  Wessex  total,  indicate  that  a 
similar  plan  was  contemplated  for  other 
parts  of  England.  They  are  :  "  Astsexum  " 
30  (?  3000),  Worcester  1200,  Warwick  4  and 
2400  hides.  The  Worcester  figures  agree 
with  the  Domesday  Book  hidage  of  the 
county,  and  prove  that  Gloucester  was  not 
then  associated  with  it ;  those  for  Warwick 
show  that  a  wider  area  than  the  county 
(D.B.  1300' hides)  must  have  been  summoned 
to  aid  it — possibly  Staffordshire  and  part 
of  Shropshire.  On  the  other  hand,  the  East 
Saxon  figures  are  much  below  the  hidage 

tof  that  province.  Kent  and  Cornwall  are 
entirely  outside  the  plan ;  the  former 
probably  retained  its  own  administration. 
The  '  A.-S.  Chronicle  '  has  several  indica- 
tions that  the  scheme  belongs  substantially 
to  Alfred's  time.  Thus  in  878  the  king  and  his 
band  constructed  a  fort  at  Athelney,  from 
which  he  made  attacks  on  the  Danes,  being 
assisted  by  the  men  of  Somerset  adjacent 
to  that  fort.  The  Burghal  Hidage  is  an 
obvious  development  of  this  germ  into  a 
defence  of  Wessex  as  a  whole.  In  the  same 
year  Alfred  overcame  Guthrun,  and  made 
the  treaty  by  which  Watling  Street  became 
the  boundary  between  his  kingdom  and  the 
Danes.  The  shortage  of  the  Bucking- 
hamshire hides  above  noticed  shows  that  the 
treaty  was  in  force  at  the  time  this  table 
was  compiled.  It  is  reasonable  to  suppose 
that  Alfred's  first  care  was  to  organize  the 
government  of  Wessex  and  make  plans  for 
its  defence.  On  the  land  side  there  was  no 
further  trouble,  but,  in  accordance  with  the 
indications  of  the  Burghal  Hidage,  the  king 
seems  to  have  dreaded  attacks  by  sea. 
Maturing  his  plans  he  was  able  in  882  to  sail 
out  with  his  own  ships  and  fight  four  Danish 
vessels,  gaining  a  complete  victory.  In 
886  he  repaired  London,  and  all  the  English 
outside  the  Danelagh  submitted  to  him. 
This  may  explain  the  inclusion  of  the  East 
Saxons,  Worcester,  and  Warwick  in  the 


supplementary  part  of  our  table  ;    if  so,  it 
gives  a  limit  for  the  main  portion. 

In  893-4  the  Danish  host  crossed  over 
from  Boulogne  and  landed  in  Kent,  just 
outside  the  protected  district ;  but  Wessex, 
though  attacked  at  various  points,  was  pre- 
served from  devastation.  "  Those  whose 
duty  it  was  to  defend  the  burghs "  are 
mentioned  in  the  '  Chronicle's '  record  of 
those  trying  years.  The  host  at  length 
made  a  rapid  march  up  the  Thames  valley 
to  the  upper  waters  of  the  Severn,  but  that 
seems  to  have  been  the  only  part  in  which 
they  were  able  to  break  through  the  defence. 

In  view  of  all  these  occurrences,  it  is 
tempting  to  suppose  that  the  defence  scheme 
of  the  Burghal  Hidage  was  drawn  up  'by 
Alfred  between  878  and  886  ;  that  it  was 
tested  by  the  invasion  of  893-4  ;  and  that,, 
proving  effective,  it  was  placed  on  record 
for  future  use.  On  the  other  hand,  if  the 
fortification  of  Buckingham  in  918  was  the 
first  employment  of  that  place  as  a  burgh,, 
this  table  cannot,  of  course,  be  earlier  than 
that  year.  What  the  '  Chronicle  '  says  is 
that  in  the  year  named  Edward  the  Elder 
made  both  burghs  there,  on  either  side  of  the 
river.  In  the  *  Hidage'  another  name  is 
given  with  Buckingham.  But  in  918  the 
supplementary  part  of  the  table  ought  to> 
have  included  the  numerous  burghs  which* 
Ethelfleda  had  been  erecting  all  over  Mercia. 
On  the  whole,  the  earlier  date  seems  more- 
probable.  The  hypothesis  that  the  original 
list  was  used  as  a  "working  document"  ins 
Wessex  will  account  for  some  difficulties. 

It  is  observable  that,  if  the  entry  "  Buck- 
ingham 1500  hides  "  is  a  later  interpolation, 
there  is  no  need  to  regard  the  hidage  of 
Tisbury  and  Shaftesbury  as  involved  in  that 
of  Wilton  ;  but  the  total  will  be  reduced  to 
27,070,  while  the  symmetry  of  the  table, 
and  its  correspondence  with  the  Domesday 
Book  hidages,  will  be  greatly  impaired 

J.  BROWNBILL. 


CROMWELLIANA. 

III.     OLIVER  CROMWELL'S  BURIAL* 

(See  US.  iii.  341.) 

WHEN  was  Cromwell  buried  ?  After  the* 
Restoration,  stories  were  set  on  foot  by  his 
partisans  with  the  object  of  proving  that  it 
was  not  Cromwell's  body  that  was  exposed 
on  the  gallows  at  Tyburn.  All  these  stories 
are  easily  refuted,  but  the  fact  remains  that 
the  cause  of  their  being  set  on  foot  was  that 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         m  s.  iv.  JULY  i,  1911 


liis  burial  took  place  in  secret  and  without 
•ceremony. 

There  are  two  contemporary  statements 
on  the  subject  which  should  place  the 
matter  beyond  dispute.  The  first  is  a  letter 
from  Lady  Hobart,  quoted  by  Lady  F.  P. 
Verney  in  her  'Memoirs  of  the  Verney 
Family  during  the  Civil  War  '  (vol.  iii.  p.  422). 
Lady  Hobart' s  letter  is  undated,  but  states  : 

"  My  lord  protector's  body  was  Bered  last  night 
.-at  one  o-clock  very  privittly  &  tis  thought  that 
will  be  [no]  show  at  tall ;  the  army  dou  bluster  a 
letill.  God  send  us  pes  for  I  dred  a  combustion." 

The  reason  for  this  secret  burial  is  stated 
in  the  MSS.  of  the  Rev.  John  Prestwich, 
Puritan  Fellow  of  All  Souls.  Prestwich  was 
one  of  the  Fellows  of  All  Souls  retained  by 
•the  Parliamentary  visitors  in  1649.  He 
died  in  1679,  aged  72,  and  is  buried  in  the 
ante-chapel  of  his  college.  Copious  extracts 
from  his  MSS.  are  printed  in  his  descendant 
Sir  John  Prestwich' s  '  Respublica,'  pub- 
lished in  1787,  from  which  I  take  the  follow- 
ing (p.  172). 

After    stating    that    Cromwell    "  sickened 

•  of  a  bastard  tertian,"  the  Rev.  John  Prest- 
wich continues.     He  died 

"  on  Friday,  the  third  of  September,  at  three  of 
the  clock  in  the  afternoon  in  the  year  of  our  Lord 

•  one  thousand  six  hundred  and  fifty  eight.  His 
body  presently  after  his  expiration  was  washed 
and  laid  out ;  and  being  opened  was  embalmed 

.and  wrapped  in  a  sere  cloth  six  double  and  put 

into  an  inner  sheer  of  lead,  inclosed  in  an  elegant 
coffin  of  the  choicest  wood.  Owing  to  the  disease 
he  died  of,  which,  by  the  bye,  appeared  to  be  that 
of  poison,  his  body,  although  thus  bound  up  and 
laid  in  the  coffin,  swelled  and  bursted,  from  whence 
came  such  filth  that  raised  such  a  deadly  and 
noisome  stink  that  it  was  found  prudent  to  bury 
him  immediately,  which  was  done  in  as  private 
a  manner  as  possible.  For  the  solemnization 
of  the  funeral  no  less  than  the  sum  of  sixty 
thousand  pounds  was  allotted  to  defray  the 
expense.  The  corpse  being  thus  buried,  by  reason 
of  the  great  stench  therof,  a  rich  coffin  of  state  was 
on  the  26th  of  September,  about  ten  at  night, 
privately  removed  from  Whitehall  in  a  mourning 
hearse,  attended  by  his  domestic  servants  to 
Somerset  House  in  the  Strand,  where  it  remained 
private  for  some  days  till  all  things  were  prepared 
for  public  view,  which  being  accomplished  the 
effigy  of  his  highness  was,  with  great  state  and 
magnificence,  exposed  openly." 

This  gruesome  account  is  corroborated 
in  most  details  by  Dr.  George  Bate  in  his 
'  Elenchus,'  and  it  must  be  borne  in  mind 
that  both  the  Prestwiches  were  strong 
partisans  of  Cromwell.  A  charge  of  poison- 
ing Cromwell  was  brought  against  Sir  Samuel 
Morland  by  Sir  Richard  Willys  in  his 
autobiography,  among  the  Restoration  State 
Papers.  It  is  also  alluded  to  by  Morland 
in  his  *  Breviate '  of  his  life,  among  the 


Lambeth  MSS.  But  the  best  corroboration 
of  the  secret  burial  is  to  be  found  in  the 
fact  that  the  bi-weekly  newsbook  (Mercurius 
Politicus  and  The  Publick  Intelligencer) 
which  gives  the  fullest  accounts  of  the 
ceremonies  after  Cromwell's  death  never 
once  mentions  his  body  after  21  October. 
In  all  its  subsequent  descriptions  it  speaks  of 
nothing  but  "  the  effigies."  Reticence  about 
the  cause  of  this  sudden  burial  is  explained 
by  the  fact  that  if  it  had  been  known,  there 
would  have  been  rejoicings  by  the  Royalists, 
and  the  majority  of  the  Puritans  too. 

On  the  subject  of  the  pretended  removal 
of  Cromwell's  body  to  Somerset  House, 
Marchamont  Nedham  writes  as  follows  : — 

"  Whitehall.  Sept  20.  This  night  the  Corps 
of  his  late  highness  was  removed  hence  in  a  private 
manner,  being  attended  onely  by  his  own  servants. 
....  Two  heralds  or  officers  of  arms  went  before 
the  body  ;  which,  being  placed  in  a  herse  drawn 
by  six  hdrses,  was  conveyed  to  Somerset  House 
where  it  rests  for  some  daies  more  private,  but 
afterwards  will  be  exposed  in  state  to  publick 
view." — Mercurius  Politicus,  16-23  Sept.,  1658. 

It  never  was  exposed  to  public  view,  nor 
does  Nedham  afterwards  venture  to  say 
that  it  was,  and  I  believe  his  statement 
that  the  body  was  removed  to  have  been  a 
wilful  falsehood.  The  discrepancy  between 
the  two  dates  is  probably  accounted  for  by 
Sir  John  Prestwich  converting  a  naught 
into  a  six  when  copying  the  MS. 

J.  B.  WILLIAMS. 

(To  be  continued.) 


THE  KING'S  PALACE,  FOKDWICH,  KENT. — 
A  tradesman  long  associated  with  the  Canter- 
bury district  has  purchased  an  old  house  and 
adjoining  garden  near  the  celebrated  "Towrn 
Hall "  of  the  recently  defunct  ancient 
borough  of  Fordwich,  and,  with  historical 
and  antiquarian  interest,  probed  the  earth 
in  many  places  after  surprising  discoveries 
during  the  renovation  of  his  old  house.  The 
excavations  laid  bare  a  series  of  foundations 
on  a  liberal  scale  which  point  to  an  ancient 
building  of  considerable  importance  having 
existed  on  this  site  in  early  Norman  or  pre- 
Norman  times.  The  water  supply  of  the 
village  is  now  drawn  from  a  Roman  well, 
and  it  is  an  accepted  fact  that  this  place 
was  the  port  of  Canterbury  and  part  of  the 
personal  possessions  of  pre^Norman  kings. 
The  Roman  tomb  in  the  church  is  claimed 
30  be  part  of  that  of  St.  Augustine,  and  his 
'oundation  St.  Peter  and  St.  Paul's  Monastery 
was — according  to  the  evidences  now  pro- 
duced— at  Fordwich  beinglater  re-established 


us. iv. JULY i,i9ii.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


at  Canterbury  ;  and  it  is  hoped  that  anti- 
quaries will  be  able  to  add  to  the  evidences 
and  prove  that  the  ancient  kings  resided  at 
this  spot  in  Fordwich,  their  park  being 
within  the  parish,  and  the  manor  belonging 
to  them.  The  upper  road  from  Fordwich 
to  Canterbury — some  two  miles — is  known  as 
the  King's  Street,  while  the  existence  of  the 
King's  Gate  and  King's  Bridge  at  the  entrance 
to  Canterbury  from  Fordwich  goes  to  support 
the  belief  that  the  kings  had  their  palace  in 
Fordwich  before  they  had  one  in  Canterbury. 
Plans  of  the  discovered  foundations  and 
other  details  are  being  prepared,  and  I 
shall  be  glad  to  hear  from  any  antiquaries 
interested.  FRED.  HITCHIN-KEMP. 

Clyderhovis,  51,  Vancouver  Road, 
Forest  Hill,  S.E. 

AVIATION  IN  1811. — In  view  of  modern 
determined  attempts  to  conquer  the  air, 
the  following,  as  quoted  from  The  Observer 
of  9  June,  1811,  may  be  worthy  of  record  : — 

"  The  act  of  moving  in  the  air  by  means  of 
wings  continues  to  engage  the  attention  of  a 
number  of  persons  in  Germany.  At  Vienna, 
the  watchmaker  Degen....has  recently  taken 
several  public  flights  in  the  Prater.  At  Berlin 
Claudius,  a  wealthy  manufacturer  of  oil-cloth, 
is  engaged  in  like  pursuits.  He  rises  in  the  air 
without  difficulty,  and  can  move  in  a  direct  line 
at  the  rate  of  four  miles  an  hour. .  .  .At  Ulm  a 
tailor  named  Berblinger  announced  that  he  had 
invented  a  machine  in  which  he  would  rise  in  the 
air  and  fly  twelve  miles." 

CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 

AVIATION  IN  1911 :  THE  TAXI- AERO. — The 
following  extract  from  Le  Temps,  Paris, 
16  May,  deserves,  I  think,  a  place  in  'N.  &  Q.': 

AERONAUTIQUE. 

Le  Taxi- Aero. 

Cela  devait  arriver.  Apres  le  taxi-auto  et 
imite'  de  lui,  la  locomotion  par  1'aviation  devait 
voir  se  creer  le  taxi-ae"ro,  l'ae>oplane  de  tout  le 
monde — bientot  nume"rot£  comme  une  auto- 
mobile— qui,  a  tant  le  kilometre  ou  la  minute, 
emportera  a  cent  a  1'heure  dans  1'atmosphere 
le  passager  d'un  moment  ou  le  voyageur  par 
trop  press£,  mais  peu  encombr^  de  bagages. 

C'est  de  Suisse  que  nous  yient  la  nouvelle, 
mais  c'est  une  spciete"  franeaise,  la  Compagnie 
transae'rienne,  qui  la  premiere  a  pris  1'initiative 
de  lancer  le  nouveau  v^hicule  des  invisibles  routes 
de  1'air. 

Nous  recevions  hier  en  effet  le  tele"gramme 
suivant  : 

Lucerne,  14  mai. 

La  Soci^te  Astra  vient  d'envoyer  au  pare 
aerostatique  de  notre  ville  un  lip  Ian  qui,  conduit 
par  le  pilote  brevete  Erbster,  fera  d^sormais  un 
service  de  taxi-ae'ro  pour  le  compte  de  la  Com- 
pagnie g£ne"rale  transa^rienne. 

Ainsi  les  temps  preVus  s'accomplissent,  et 
quoique  les  progres  de  la  locomotion  ae>ienne 


aient  encore  a  se  manifester  pour  arriver  £. 
determiner  le  mo  dele  d^finitif  de  1' aeroplane  sans 
danger  ou  a  peu  pres,  c'est-a-dire  automatique- 
meiit  stable,  facile  au  depart  et  sur  a  1'atterrissage, 
voici  que  la  confiance  des  constructeurs  est 
cependant  telle  que  d£ja  un  service  organise"  va- 
fonctionner  pour  donner  M.  Tout-le-Monde  sa 
promenade  en  1'air. 

Aujourd'hui  c'est  a  Lucerne,  demain  ce  sera 
sur  toutes  les  plages  a  la  mode,  dans  toutes  les 
stations  balne"aires,  et  peut-etre  1'an  prochain. 
aux  portes  de  Paris. 

La  Compagnie  transae'rienne  avait  1'an  dernier 
installe  des  services  d'excursion  en  dirigeabler 
a  Pau  1'hiver  et  a  Lucerne  l'e"t£.  Nous  avions- 
ainsi  les  ae>obus  pour  les  transports  en  commun  ; 
nous  avpns  main  tenant  le  taxi-ae'ro  pour  les- 
voyages  individuels. 

Et  dans  quelques  anne"es  on  trouvera  cela  tout 
naturel. 

C.  CAREY. 

SERJEANTS'    INN  :     DINNER   IN    1839. — - 
As  the  last  remains  of  Serjeant's  Inn,  Fleet 
Street,    have    so    lately    disappeared,    the 
following   account   of  a  dinner  there  more 
than  70  years  ago  will  perhaps  be  interest- 
ing  to  readers   of   '  N.    &    Q.'     It  may  be 
observed     that     many    distinguished     mem 
were  present  on  the  occasion  : — 
Thursday,  June  6th,  being 
in  Trinity  Term,  1839. 

On  this  day  the  Society  gave  a  grand  banquet 
to  celebrate  the  completion  of  the  improvement 
of  the  Inn  commenced  in  the  year  1836.  Cards 
of  invitation  had  been  issued  to  those  Peers 
whose  ancestors  had  been  elevated  to  the  Peerage 
whilst  members  of  the  Society,  and  to  other  dis- 
tinguished members  of  the  Society  now  living. 
The  party  consisted  of  the  Marquess  Camden, 
Earls  Hardwicke,  Bathurst,  Mansfield,  Eldon 
and  Lovelace,  Viscount  Lifford,  Lords  Kenyon, 
Ellenborough,  Manners,  Lyndhurst,  Wynford 
and  Tenterden,  Sir  William  Alexander,  Sir  John 
Cross,  the  fifteen  Judges,  and  fifteen  Serjeants 
(Serjeants  D'Oyley  and  Scriven  being  unable 
from  indisposition).  Excuses  wrere  received  from 
Earls  Mansfield,  Rosslyn,  Guilford,  Winchelsea 
and  Harrowby,  Lords  Walsingham,  Alvanley  and 
Gifford,  Sir  John  Bayley,  Sir  Samuel  Shepherd, 
Sir  William  Garron,  Sir  William  Bolland  and  Sir 
John  Richardson  (of  whom  the  five  latter  were 
prevented  from  attending  by  advanced  age  or 
indisposition  ;  and  the  Lords  Harrowby,  Wal- 
singham, Alvanley  and  Gifford  by  absence  from 
London). 

Three  tables  were  provided  for  the  accom- 
modation of  the  party.  The  three  chiefs  presided, 
and  the  guests  were  arranged  according  to  their 
precedence,  a  peer  and  a  member  of  the  Inn 
alternately.  The  Hall  was  decorated  with  rich 
crimson  cloth,  and  brilliantly  illuminated  by  a 
profusion  of  lamps  pendant  from  the  walls,  whilst 
large  pier  glasses  fixed  at  the  upper  ard  lower 
ends  of  the  hall  gave  great  splendour  to  the 
scene.  The  portraits  of  Lord  Camden  and 
Chief  Justice  Willes  (presented  by  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas  at  Westminster),  of  Lord  Lynd- 
hurst and  Lord  Denman  (presented  by  their 
Lordships),  of  the  late  Earl  of  Eldon  (presented 


B 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [u  s.  iv.  JULY  i,  1911. 


lay  the  present  Earl),  of  Mr.  Baron  Bayley  (pre- 
sented by  his  son),  of  the  late  Earl  of  Mansfield 
when  Mr.  Murray  (presented  by  Sir  William 
Home),  of  Sir  Edward  Coke  (presented  by  the 
present  members  of  the  Inn)  and  of  the  late 
Serjeant  Hitcham  (which  from  ancient  records 
must  have  been  in  the  possession  of  the  Society 
upwards  of  two  hundred  years)  were  arranged 
in  the  Compotation  Room  ;  and  Lord  Kenyon, 
the  Lord  Chief  Justice  Tindal  and  Lord  Abinger 
declared  their  intention  of  presenting  to  the 
Society  portraits,  the  latter  of  themselves,  and 
the  former  of  his  father  the  late  Lord  Chief 
Justice. 

The  only  toasts  given  were  "  The  Queen  "  and 
"  The  Guests  who  have  honoured  us  with  their 
•company."  The  latter  was  introduced  in  a 
short  and  eloquent  address  by  Lord  Denman. 
and  Marquess  Camden  (whose  grandfather  had 
been  called  Serjeant  in  the  year  1700)  returned 
thanks.  The  party  did  not  separate  until  a  late 
hour. 

On  the  following  Saturday  a  dinner  was  given  to 
the  clerks. 

PHILIP  NORMAN. 

THE  FARMER'S  CREED. — I  copied  some 
line  5  so  headed  from  what  I  took  to  be  an 
eighteenth-century  jug  of  yellow  earthen- 
ware adorned  with  agricultural  emblems 
and  with  a  hive,  and  having  the  following 
aspiration  and  dictum :  "  God  speed  the 
Plough  "  and  "  The  Husbandman's  diligence 
provides  bread." 

The  Farmer's  Creed. 
Let  this  be  held  the  Farmer's  Creed 
For  stock  seek  out  the  choicest  breed 
Tn  peace  and  plenty  let  them  feed 
Your  land  sow  with  the  best  of  seed 
Let  it  not  dung  or  dressing  need 
Inclose  and  drain  it  with  all  speed 
And  you  will  soon  be  rich  indeed. 
It   is  \yhat  Touchstone  would  have  called 
"  the  right  butterwomen's  rank  to  market." 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

[Twenty-five  years  ago  the  late  EDWARD 
\VALFORD  stated  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  (7  S.  i.  448)  that 
he  had  found  the  lines  written  inside  the  cover 
of  a  copy  of  Bailey's  '  Dictionary,'  in  a  handwriting 
of  about  1760  or  1770,  and  attributed  to  "  Sir 
John  Simpson,  Bart."] 

"  JACOBITE  "  =  "  JACOBIN."—  At  10  S.  ix. 
368  I  drew  attention  to  the  facts  that 
"  Jacobin  "  was  the  name  applied  by  the 
Earl  of  Crawford  on  4  February,  1690, 
to  the  partisans  of  the  exiled  James  II., 
and  that  4<  Jacobite  "  was  used  by  Secretary 
Johnstone  on  23  April,  1695,  in  a  way  to 
suggest  that  that  now-accepted  name  was 
new. 

The  synonymity  of  the  two  names  had 
previously  been  discussed  at  3  S.  i.  425  • 
ii.  282  ;  vii.  329  ;  9  S.  xii.  469.  508  :  10  S. 
i.  14  ;<t  and  I  wish  to  add  now  some  proof 
that  Jacobite "  was  in  use  earlier  than 


the  date  I  before  noted.  The  earliest 
absolute  date  is  in  "  The  Information  of 
John  Lunt,  gentleman,"  of  27  June,  1694, 
wherein  "  The  Papists  and  Jacobites  "  are 
specifically  referred  to  (Historical  MSS. 
Commission,  '  Kenyon  MSS.,'  p.  292)  ;  but 
the  earliest  conjectural  date  is  in  a  paper  in 
the  same  collection  describing  Lord  Brandon's 
Lord  Lieutenancy  of  Lancashire,  and  doubt- 
ingly  dated  1689-90,  in  which  "  great 
papists  and  other  Jacobites  "  are  alluded  to 
(ibid.,  p.  235). 

A  more  striking  reference  is  in  a  letter 
from  Sir  John  Bland  to  Roger  Kenyon  of 
31  December,  1695,  in  which  it  is  said  that 
at  the  election  in  the  previous  month  of 
Sir  Thomas  Dyke,  Bt.,  for  East  Grinstead, 
which  was  unsuccessfully  petitioned  against, 
"  the  c[ourt]  party  did  not  forget  to  call 
him  '  Jacobite  '  "  (ibid.,  p.  387). 

ALFRED  F.  ROBBINS. 

BOLEYN   OR  BULLEN  FAMILY  IN  IRELAND. 

— In  a  recent  issue  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  appeared 
an  interesting  account  of  the  Boleyn  or 
Bullen  family  (11  S.  iii.  134).  In  The  Irish 
Penny  Magazine  for  1833  is  a  drawing  by 
F.  R.  Lewis  of  Clongoony  Castle,  in  King's 
County,  and  an  account  of  the  place.  It 
is  situated  near  Shannon  Harbour,  and  in 
the  ancient  district  of  Dealbna  Eathra. 
From  the  account  given  by  the  writer  it 
appears  that  in  1803,  when  some  workmen 
were  digging,  they  unearthed  a  tombstone 
on  which  was  the  inscription  : — 

Here  under  leys  Elizabeth  and 
Mary  Bullyn  Daughters  of 
Thomas  Bullyn  son  of  George 
Bullyn  the  son  of  George  Bullyn 
Vicount  Rochford  son  of  SR 
Thomas  Bullyn  Erie  of  Ormond 
and  Willsheere. 

He  says  that  "it  is  evident  the  ladies  there 
interred  Were  second  cousins  of  Queen 
Elizabeth,  and  granddaughters  of  George 
Bullyn,  cousins  germane  of  Anne  Bullyn, 
the  unfortunate  consort  of  Henry  VIII." 
He  then  traces  the  relationship  (too  long 
to  reprint)  from  Sir  William  Bullyn,  K.B., 
of  Blickling,  Norfolk,  son  of  Geoffry  Bullyn, 
a  native  of  Norfolk,  who  Was  Mayor  of 
London  in  1457,  and  who  married  Margaret, 
daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Butler,  seventh 
Earl  of  Ormond,  by  whom  he  had  Thomas 
Bullyn,  who  was  in  1525  created  Baron 
and  Viscount  Rochford,  and  in  1527  Earl 
of  Wiltshire  and  Ormond,  and  had  four 
daughters,  of  whom  Anne  married  John 
Sackville,  ancestor  to  the  Duke  of  Dorset  ; 
and  Alice  married  John  Clere  of  Ormsby. 
Mary,  daughter  of  John  Clere  of  Kilburry, 


ii  s.  iv.  JULY  i,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QU  ERIES. 


married  William  Parsons,  father  of  the  Earl 
of  Rosse.  The  third  daughter  of  Sir  William 
Bullyn  married  a  Mr.  Shelton,  and  the 
fourth  a  Mr.  Calthorpe. 

"Thomas  Bullyn,  Earl  of  Ormond  and  Wiltshire, 
•who  was  a  Knight  of  St.  George  and  died  in  1583, 
"by  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Thomas,  then  Earl  of 
Surrey,  but  afterwards  Duke  of  Norfolk,  was 
father  of  George  Bullyn,  created  in  1533  Viscount 
Rochford,  who  was  beheaded  on  17th  May,  1536, 
on  a  charge  of  incestuous  intercourse  with  his 
sister  Queen  Anne  Bullyn.  She  was  beheaded  two 
days  after  her  brother." 

The  writer  in  The  Irish  Penny  Magazine  says 
that  Henry  VIII.  compelled  the  Earl  of 
Ormond  to  resign  his  title  in  favour  of 
Bullyn  (2  Mageoghan's  *  Ireland,'  ii.  251), 
and  the  Earl  afterwards  assumed  it  when 
the  house  of  Bullyn  was  attainted  (ib.,  303). 
This  curious  connexion  of  the  Bulleyns  with 
Ireland  is  interesting.  The  ladies  therefore 
named  on  the  Clongoony  tomb,  according  to 
this  genealogy,  were  second  cousins  of  Queen 
Elizabeth,  as  George  Bullyn,  Viscount  Roch- 
ford, was  her  uncle,  and  his  son  George  her 
cousin.  RICHARD  J.  KELLY. 

10,  Mountjoy  Square,  Dublin. 

[See  11  S.  iii.  134,  375.J 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


DR,  FRANCIS  E.  SANKEY  :  DR.  WOOLLEY. 
— On  9  July,  1856,  at  Valetta,  Malta, 
Frances  Sydney  Sankey,  eldest  daughter 
of  Dr.  Sankey,  married  Capt.  Robert  Boyle, 
R.A.,  son  of  David  Boyle  and  Catherine 
Campbell  Smythe. 

I  wish  information  as  to  the  maiden  name, 
parentage,  birthplace,  and  marriage  of  the 
wife  of  Dr  F.  E.  Sankey.  My  information 
leads  me  to  believe  that  she  was  married, 
between  1800  and  1811,  at  Charleston, 
South  Carolina.  Dr  Sankey,  I  think,  was 
at  that  time  serving  on  a"  British  frigate 
or  ship  of  the  line. 

Mrs.  Sankey  had  a  sister,  or  half-sister, 
who  was  married,  at  the  same  place,  near 
the  same  time,  to  a  Dr.  Woolley,  also  serving 
in  a  British  ship  of  war. 

Any  information  about  either  lady,  by 
letter,  or  through  the  pages  of  '  N.  &  Q.,' 
would  be  most  gratefully  appreciated  by  me. 
WILLIAM  HAYNE  HALE. 

Eagle  Pass,  Maverick  Co.,  Texas. 


MUMMY  USED  AS  PAINT  BY  ARTISTS. — 
Can  '  N.  &  Q.'  tell  me  what  authority  there 
is  for  the  statement  that  mummies  have 
been,  when  ground  and  mixed  with  poppy 
oil,  used  to  produce  a  beautiful  tint  of 
brown  ?  GEORGE  MCMURRAY. 

New  York. 

"  BACKSEAT  "  :  "  TAKE  A  BACK  SEAT." — 
The  word  "  backseat  "  is  not  given  in  the 
'N.E.D.,'  Webster,  nor,  in  fact,  in  any  of 
the  English  dictionaries  that  I  have  been 
able  to  consult  for  the  moment.  Muret- 
Sanders  has  it  with  the  translation  "  Riick- 
sitz,"  and  in  the  figurative  sense,  as  an 
Americanism.  But  this  idiom  cannot  be 
now  restricted  to  America,  as  I  read  the 
other  day  in  The  Zoophilist  :  "  Mrs.  Ander- 
son should  be  requested  by  the  Suffragettes 
to  take  a  back  seat."  May  I  ask  what  is  the 
use,  proper  and  figurative,  and  social 
status  of  the  word  ?  G.  KRUEGER. 

Berlin. 

["  Take  a  back  seat "  is  included  in  the  '  N.E.D.,' 
s.v.  '  Seat,'  sb.,  V.  27,  "  Phrases,"  c,  and  is  described 
as  originating;  in  the  United  States.  The  first 
quotation  is  from  Farmer's  '  Slang  Dictionary,'  s  v. 
'  Back  Seat,'  which  attributes  the  popularity  of  the 
phrase  to  a  saying  of  Arfdrew  Johnson  in  1868.  It 
is  now  often  used  in  journalism  and  conversation.] 

"  BAST." — The  following  sentence  occurs 
in  a  telegram  from  Teheran  which  appeared 
in  The  Times  on  12  June  : — 

"The  original  intention  of  the  regiment  was  to 
take  bast  in  the  British  Consulate  as  a  protest 
against  the  Persian  Government  for  leaving  them 
unpaid." 

What  is  the  meaning  of  "  taking  bast  "  ? 
A.  L.  MAYHEW. 
Oxford. 

HENRY  VII.  AND  MABUSE. — A  print  of 
the  marriage  of  Henry  VII.  is  marked 
"  Mabuse  pinxit.  Le  Coeur  sculp."  Where 
is  this  picture  by  Mabuse  to  be  seen  ? 

XYLOGRAPHER. 

SKEAT  ON  DERIVATIONS. — Prof.  Skeat,  in, 
I  think,  one  of  his  contributions  to  these 
columns,  laid  down  the  principle  that  when 
it  is  asserted  that  a  certain  word  is  derived 
from  another  because ....  the  statement  is 
generally  wrong.  Can  any  one  refer  me 
to  the  passage  ?  EMERITUS. 

ST.    COLUMB   AND    STRATTON   ACCOUNTS. 

Two  more  queries  suggest  themselves  (see 
US.  iii.  349,  412,  475)  on  the  Elizabethan 
portion  of  the  St.  Columb  accounts,  which 
are  of  exceptional  interest,  and  will  be 
printed  in  the  Journal  of  the  Royal  Institu- 
tion of  Cornwall  for  1912,  In  the  property 


8 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [11  s.  iv.  JULY  i,  1911. 


list  is  'k  a  Booke  of  the  Paraphrasys  of 
Erasmus."  Would  this  be  the  edition  of 
Udall's  translation  published  in  1548/9  or 
that  of  1551  ? 

In  the  Stratton  accounts  (ed.  Peacock, 
Archceoloqia,  xlvi.)  we  have  in  1547  "paid 
to  Mr.  Vicar  for  halfe  part  of  a  buck  called 
Erasme  vjs."  In  those  of  St.  Mary  the 
Great  at  Cambridge  in  1550  we  find  "  for 
dim'  the  paraffrycys  of  Erasmy  v8  vjd." 
Was  this  the  first  volume  containing  the 
Gospels,  or  what  ?  Was  the  purchase  of 
half  deemed  a  compliance  with  the  injiinc- 
tions  of  1547  ? 

In  1601  there  appear  amongst  the  books 
of    the   parish    (no    distinction    was    drawn 
between    church    and   parish  )    "  one    booke 
called  Cesar's  Dyologe,  one  new  booke   of  j 
prayer    for    the    fastinge    and    cominge    to  j 
Cliurche  on   the  Wednesday,   one  booke  of 
Articles."     I    shall    be    grateful    for    iden- 
tification     of      these,     especially     '  Cesar's 
Dyologe.'     Was  it  some  work  by  Sir  Julius 
Csesar  ? 

I  take  this  opportunity  of  suggesting  that 
the  Stratton  entry  in  1566,  "paycl  for 
peteres  fethings  at  the  visitation  xvjV 
refers  to  the  contribution  made  to  the 
Cathedra!  Church  of  St.  Peter  at  Exeter. 
The  same  "  Peter's  farthings  "  occur  in 
other  Devon  and  Cornwall  accounts,  just  as 
at  St.  Mary  the  Great,  Cambridge,  in  1535 
they  collected  -;  Ely  farthynges." 

YCREC. 

BRISTOL  BOARD. — When  was  this  first 
made  ?  Application  to  the  B.M.  met  with 
no  success.  ~  The  V.  and  A.  M.  referred  me  I 
1o  the  '  Xew  English  Dictionary,'  which 
gives  1800  :  but  ''Bristol  board  "'is  known 
to  have  been  made  earlier. 

Are    there    variations    of    the    impressed  i 
mark  donor  ing  dates  of  manufacture  ? 

AITCHO. 

GUILD      OF     CLOTHIERS.  —  A     Guild     of 
Clothiers     flourished    in     England      in     the 
sixteenth  and  seventeenth  centuries.     I  shall 
be  glad  of  any  information  concerning  it 
(Rev.)    J.    W.    OSMAN. 

.*,  St.  Mellons,  St.  Owen  Street,  Hereford. 

MILITARY  EXECUTIONS.— Will  any  rmli- 
tary  reader  tell  me  the  modus  operandi  on 
such  occasions  ?  When  a  dozen  soldiers 
told  oft  tor  the  gruesome  task,  are  eleven 
Mank  cartridges  served  out,  or  only  one  ? 
J  have  heard  both  points  warmly  discussed. 
My  own  view  is  that  the  former  would  be 
pretty  nearly  futile,  as  the  solitary  weapon 
charged  with  ball  might  inflict  unnecessary 


pain  or  miss  altogether,  in  either  case  pro- 
longing the  victim's  suspense,  whereas  the- 
latter  could  not  fail  to  achieve  its  ghastly 
object.  The  alleged  custom  of  supplying 
one  or  several  blank  charges  arose,  of  course, 
from  the  desire  that  no  one  of  the  firing 
party  might  either  charge  himself  or  be 
charged  individually  with  being  his  com- 
rade's executioner.  J.  B.  McGovEBN. 
St.  Stephen's  Rectory,  C.-on-M.,  Manchester. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — 
Many  years  ago  were  given  to  me  the  follow- 
ing lines,  said  to  have  been  written  by 
William  Smith  O'Brien,  leader  of  the  abor- 
tive rising  of  1848  in  Ireland.  Can  any  one 
tell  me  if  they  were  his  own,  or,  if  not,  who- 
was  their  author  ? 

Whether  on  the  scaffold  high, 

Or  in  the  battle's  van, 
The  best  way  for  a  man  to  die 
Is  to  die  for  a  man. 

W.  B.  C. 

The  following  lines  were  recently  quoted 
by  the  Lord  Mayor  in  a  speech  at  the  Mansion 
House.  Who  is  their  author  ? 

The  more  he  saw,  the  less  he  spoke  ; 

The  less  he  spoke,  the  more  he  heard, 

So  let  us  he  like  that  old  bird. 

LEWIN    HILL. 

I  seek  a  quotation  which  runs  somewhat 
as  follows  :  "  Give  me  the  child  until  he 
is  seven  years  old,  and  after  that  you  may 
do  what  you  like  with  him,"  inferring  that 
a  child's  character  is  formed  or  bent  before 
that  age.  Who  is  the  author  ? 

ETHEL    WYATT. 

HUGH  FAMILY. — I  should  be  much  obliged 
if  some  reader  could  give  me  the  name  of 
the  parish  in  Wales  in  which  Thomas  Hugh, 
Lewis  Hugh,  and  Moses  Hugh  were  born 
between  1696  and  1720.  Moses  Hugh  was 
serjeant  at  mace  in  Brecon  town,  1730  to 
1740.  I  also  wish  to  know  the  plape  of 
birth  in  Wales,  1740  to  1770,  of  the  eight 
children  of  Lewis  Hugh,  tanner.  Please 
reply  direct.  LEWIS  HUGHES. 

48,  PZmerald.  Street,  Roath,  Cardiff. 

MAJOR  BENJAMIN  WOODWARD.  —  In- 
formation wanted  with  regard  to  the 
parentage  of  Major  Benjamin  Woodward, 
a  Cromwellian,  who  went  to  Ireland  with 
seme  forces  he  had  raised,  and  in  1668  was 
rewarded  for  his  services  by  a  grant  of  land 
at  Drumbarragh,  Kells,  co.  Sleath.  Any 
particulars  regarding  the  names  and  origin 
of  his  father  and  mother  will  be  welcome. 

Y. 


ii  s.i¥.  JULY  i,i9ii.]-        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


9 


SON  AND  MOTHER. — Where  is  the  original 
of  this  story  to  be  found  ?  A  young  man 
was  being  led  bound  to  the  scaffold  (or 
prison  ?)  His  mother,  seeing  him,  re- 
quested to  speak  with  him,  and  obtained 
permission.  He  bent  over  to  her  and 
bit  off  her  ear,  saying  (in  effect),  "  If  you 
had  done  your  duty  to  me,  I  should  never 
have  been  here."  GOBCOCK. 

BELLY  AND  THE  BODY.  —  Where  can  I 
find  the  story  beginning  thus  ? — "  There  was 
a  time  when  all  the  body's  members  rebelled 
against  the  belly,  and  then  accused  it — 
that  only  like  a  gulf  it  did  appear." 

GOBCOCK. 

JOHN  OWEN  OF  HEMEL  HEMPSTEAD, 
SCHOOLMASTEB. — In  1720  John  Owen  of 
Hemel  Hempstead,  schoolmaster,  was  in- 
dicted for  keeping  a  private  school  for  boys 
without  being  licensed  by  the  archbishop, 
bishop,  or  spiritual  guardian  of  the  diocese. 
There  was  a  similar  indictment  in  the  follow- 
ing year.  The  document,  which  is  preserved 
among  the  Hertford  County  Records,  is 
marked  "  Tried  at  the  Midsummer  Sessions, 
and  found  not  guilty." 

Mr.  Owen  was  a  member  of  the  Society  of 
Friends,  and  on  5  July,  1720,  he  and  other 
members  of  that  sect  petitioned  that  the 
malthouse  and  dwelling-house  of  John 
Halsey  of  Hemel  Hempstead  might  be 
certified  as  a  meeting-house  for  Quakers. 

The  Rev.  Thomas  Birch,  F.S.A.,  a  learned 
antiquary  whose  manuscripts  and  printed 
works  occupy  considerable  space  in  the 
British  Museum,  is  stated  to  have  been  sent 
to  the  school  of  John  Owen,  who  is  described 
as  a  "  rigid  Quaker  ;  for  whom  Mr.  Birch 
afterwards  officiated  some  little  while  as  an 
usher."  Mr.  Birch,  however,  made  little 
progress,  and  was  eventually  removed  to  the 
school  of  one  Welby  of  Clerkenwell.  (Clutter- 
buck's  '  Herts,'  i.  429  ;  '  Hertford  County 
Records,  Sessions  Rolls,'  ii.  55-6  ;  Pinks's 
'  History  of  Clerkenwell,'  2nd  ed.,  270  ; 
Nichols's  'Literary  Anecdotes,'  v.  282.) 

Is  anything  further  known  of  John  Owen  ? 
E.  E.  SQTJIBES. 

Hertford. 

FBENCH  THUNDERSTOBM. — About  mid- 
summer, 1908,  several  of  the  English  news- 
papers contained  an  account  of  what  I 
understand  to  have  been  called  the  miracu- 
lous hailstones  of  Remiremont.  It  seems 
that  one  day  towards  the  end  of  May  a 
storm  swept  over  the  Vosges  ;  hailstones 
fell  in  great  numbers,  and  many  were  dis- 
covered to  be  split  across.  On  the  inner 


side  of  the  halves,  as  it  was  stated,  an  image 
of  the  Madonna  was  portrayed,  which  the 
Catholics  of  the  district  regarded  as  miracu- 
lous. Inquiries  relating  to  this  wonder 
are  said  to  have  been  made  by  many  persons. 
I  believe  that  several  people  endeavoured 
to  explain  what  occurred  as  the  result  of 
natural  causes,  while  others  who  had  an 
equal  power  of  judging  as  to  what  had 
taken  place  adhered  to  a  miraculous  inter- 
pretation. Can  any  of  your  readers  tell 
me  if  the  matter  has  been  explained  so  as  to 
satisfy  thoughtful  people  ?  I  have  been 
informed  that  the  whole  story  is  an  old 
legend,  but  it  came  at  the  time  on  good 
authority.  F.  T.  F. 

"  FRANKLIN  DAYS." — Can  any  reader  of 
'  N.  &  Q.'  tell  me  the  origin  of  the  phrase 
"  Franklin  days  "  ?  A  friend  was  recently 
in  conversation  with  an  old  market-gardener. 
They  were  discussing  the  warm  weather. 
"That's  all  right,"  said  the  old  man,  "but 
wait  until  the  Franklin  days  are  passed — 
perhaps  we  shall  have  frosts  yet."  He  was 
asked  for  an  explanation  of  the  term,  but 
knew  no  more  than  that  the  Franklin  days 
extended  from  the  18th  to  the  21st  of  May, 
that  they  were  invariably  very  cold,  and 
that  vegetation  often  suffered  considerably. 
Strangely  enough,  in  this  district  we  had 
extremely  cold  winds  from  the  18th  to  the 
21st  of  May,  and  some  frost  at  nights. 

W.  G.  WILLIS  WATSON. 

19,  Park  Roacl,  Exeter. 

[For  other  meanings  of  "Franklin"  see  11  S.  iii. 
486.] 

FIBE  OF  LONDON  :  FBENCH  CHUBCH 
IN  THBEADNEEDLE  STBEET. — '  La  Liturgie 
ou  la  Maniere  de  Celebrer  de  Service  Divin 
dans  1'^glise  Fran9aise  de  Londres,  fondee 
par  ^douard  VI.  d'an  MDL.,'  1809,  contains 
in  a  foot-note  to  the  *  Avertissement '  this 
remarkable  statement : — 

"  Elle  est  situee  en  Threadneedle  Street.  Brfilee 
dans  le  feu  de  Londres,  en  1666,  elle  fut  la  premiere 
eglise  rebatie." 

Is    this    claim    justified  ?     There    is    no 
reference    to   it   in   Roll's    '  London   Resur- 
rection,' 1668,  although  it  would  have  made 
an  excellent  subject  for  his  51st  discourse. 
ALECK  ABBAHAMS. 

RIPON  FOBGEB. — Henry  Swinburne  (died 
1623)  in  his  '  Treatise  on  Spousals,'  speaking 
of  counterfeit  proposals  of  marriage,  says  : — 

"Though  the  famous  forger  of  Ripon,  in  York- 
shire, be  dead,  whom  I  marvel  Mr.  Green  hath  not 
numbered  among  his  coney  catchers,  yet  I  fear  there 
be  a  great  many  whelps  of  the  old  dog  left  alive." 


10 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  iv.  JULY  i,  1911. 


Probably  the  '  Treatise  on  Spousals ' 
(first  published  in  1686)  was  written  shortly 
after  1591,  certainly  while  Greene's  pam- 
phlets were  fresh  in  men's  memories.  Who 
was  this  "  famous  forger,"  and  when  did 
he  die  ?  P.  A.  MCELWAINE. 

Dublin. 

APOPHTHEGMS  FOR  SCHOOL  MUSEUM. — 
For  the  purposes  of  a  Public  School  Museum, 
I  am  looking  out  for  a  series  of  pithy  and 
characteristic  sayings  of  great  men,  such 
as  Goethe's  "  Man  sieht  nur  was  man  weiss.' 
Can  any  reader  guide  me  to,  or  supply  me 
with,  a  selection  of  choice  illuminating  utter- 
ances suitable  for  inscription  ?  Please  reply 
direct.  G.  M.  TAYLOR. 

Stanford,  Rusholme,  Manchester. 

DEAN  MEBIVALE  ON  PERSEVERANCE. — 
"  The  first  man  who  inhabited  the  Alpha  Cottages, 
Regent's  Park,  was  knocked  down  three  hundred 
ana  sixty-five  times  by  footpads  on  his  evening 
walk  home  ;  and  it  was  not  till  the  end  of  the  year 
that  he  said  he  had  given  the  place  a  fair  trial  and 
it  would  not  suit  him." 

I  find  this  humorous  illustration  of  per- 
severance given  with  that  of  Bruce's  spider 
to  Mrs.  J.  E.  Frere  by  Charles  Merivale  in 
March,  1852  ('  Autobiography  of  Dean 
Merivale,'  p.  189).  Was  it  due  to  his  own 
invention  ?  ST.  SWITHIN. 

RIDDLE. — Can  any  reader  give  the  solu- 
tion of  the  following  conundrum,  which 
was  found  amongst  some  papers  over  a 
century  old  ? 

"  Spirit  of  our  mother,"  said  the  daughter.  "  'Tis 
yours  and  mine,"  said  the  son.  "Tales!  idle 
tales  ! "  said  the  judge,  and  drove  them  from  his 
presence. 

The  answer  is  to  be  one  word  of  two 
syllables.  RAVEN. 

ROBERT  BLINCOE. — Can  any  reader  of 
'  N.  &  Q.'  tell  me  where  Robert  Blincoe  was 
buried,  and  also  whether  there  is  any  exist- 
ing memorial  of  him,  either  over  his  grave 
or  in  his  native  town  ?  A  reprint  of  his 
4  Memoirs  '  was  brought  out  in  the  U.S.A. 
some  thirty  years  ago,  but  all  my  efforts  to 
procure  a  copy  have  so  far  been  in  vain. 

FREDERICK  T.  HIBGAME. 

LORD  FALMOUTH'S  CHARTERS. — Does  any 
one  know  what  became  of  the  MS.  Index 
to  the  Charters  in  the  Muniment  Room  at 
Tregothnan,  which  was  compiled  by  the 
Rev.  Lambert  Larking,  and  was  once  at 
the  disposal  of  Sir  John  Maclean  ('Hist, 
of  Tngg  Minor,'  ii.  540)  ?  J.  H  R 


ST.  LUGIDIO. — I  find  in  '  Acta  Sanctorum,' 
vol.  xxxv.,  August,  p.  341,  under  the  life 
of  St.  Molua,  an  Irish  saint :  "  de  S.  Lugidio 
sive  Luano — Lua  et  Lugith  seu  Lugaidh." 
'  Mo  Lua  "  =my  dear  Lugide. 

Would  some  Irisn  scholar  kindly  say  what 
is  the  equivalent  English  name — Lewis  ? 
Louis  ?  MAY. 

PORT  HENDERSON  :  CORRIE  BHREACHAN 
OR  BHREACHAN' s  CAULDRON  ? — Where  are 
these  places  ?  I  presume  on  the  Scotch 
coast,  but  cannot  find  references,  nor  the 
localities  on  any  map  at  hand. 

R.  C.  HOPE,  F.S.A. 

Florence. 


JUplus. 


BISHOP    KEN:     IZAAK    WALTON'S 
WIVES. 

(11  S.  iii.  248,  290,  431.) 

ONE  of  the  best  Ken  authorities  I  know, 
James  Heywood  Markland,  the  ecclesiastical 
antiquary  (died  1864) — himself  a  descend- 
ant of  Abraham  Markland,  one  of  the  three 
witnesses  to  the  will  of  Izaak  Walton — 
made  a  pedigree  of  the  family  of  Ken,  in  the 
compilation  of  which  he  had  the  assistance 
of  Mr.  Serjeant  Merewether,  a  connexion 
of  the  Walton-Hawkins  family,  and  also 
Sir  Harris  Nicolas' s  pedigree  to  guide  him. 
He  states  that  the  Bishop's  father  had  three 
children  by  his  first  wife,  viz.  :  Jane,  who 
married  John  Simmonds  ;  Anne,  who 
married  Izaak  Walton  ;  and  John,  born 
1626/7,  who  died  unmarried  in  1651. 
Thomas,  it  will  be  observed,  is  not  named. 

With  his  fuller  knowledge  one  would  have 
expected  greater  accuracy  in  this  writer  ; 
but  if  Jane  Ken  died  before  1625,  she  could 
not  have  been  the  mother  of  John.  Truly 
it  is 

A  pedigree  such  as  would  puzzle  Old  Nick, 
Not  to  mention  Sir  Harris  Nicholas. 

Sir  Harris,  however,  is  hard  to  beat  in  these 
matters,  and  I  am  inclined  to  pin  my  faith 
to  his  statement  that  the  three  children  were 
Thomas  and  the  above-named  daughters ; 
consequently  John  becomes  the  eldest  son 
of  the  second  wife.  This  John  died  as  men 
tioned  above,  and  his  will  was  proved  by 
his  brother  and  sole  executor  Ion  (or  Hyon) 
Ken.  Nearly  all  the  children  of  Thomas 
Ken  the  elder  seem  to  have  been  baptized 
or  buried  at  St  Giles's,  Cripplegate. 


ii  s.  iv.  JULY  i,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


11 


MB.  HENRY  HTJCKS  GIBBS  (later  raised  to 
the  peerage  as  first  Baron  Aldenham)  con- 
tributed a  fairly  full  and  very  interesting 
account  of  the  family  of  Rachel  Floud — 
Izaak  Walton's  first  wife— to  '  N.  &  Q.' 
(4  S.  xii.  382-4)  ;  and  he  shows  in  the 
pedigree  of  the  Lloyd  line  his  own  descent 
from  her  father  William  Lloyd  (or  Floud), 
who  married  Susanna  Cranmer,  and  also 
that  one  of  his  ancestors  was  Thomas 
Crawley,  one  of  the  three  witnesses  to  the 
will  of  the  old  angler. 

Everybody  save  MB.  MARSTON  styles 
the  Bishop  the  youngest  son,  but  doubtless 
Martin  was  the  youngest,  as  1640  is  given 
as  the  date  of  his  baptism.  It  is  not  known 
when  the  Bishop  was  baptized,  as  the  register 
of  births  of  the  parish  of  Little  Berkham- 
sted  does  not  begin  until  1647. 

C.   ELKIN  MATHEWS. 

Chorley  Wood. 

Adding  the  pedigree  given  at  the  last 
reference  to  information  from  sources  stated 
below,  we  have  the  following  pedigree,  from 
which,  if  correct,  it  is  clear  that  Walton's 
first  wife  was  his  first  cousin  once  removed. 


But  in  connexion  with  so  kindly — may 
I  say  so  fraternal  ? — a  man  as  Walton  can 
we  be  sure  from  John  and  Robert  Floud' s 
calling  him  "  brother  "  that  they  were  his 
brothers-in-law  ?  See  Bailey  (or  Bayley  or 
Bagley )  and  Cotton.  Are  the  precise  relation- 
ships of  the  three  brothers  and  three  sisters 
named  in  the  will  known  ?  S.  S.  BAGSTER. 

If  MR.  L.  H.  CHAMBERS  will  refer  to  my 
book  '  Thomas  Ken  and  Izaak  Walton,' 
p.  102,  he  will  find  some  further  information 
about  Rachel  Floud,  Walton's  first  wife, 
supplied  to  'N.  &  Q.'  of  15  Nov.,  1873 
(4  S.  xii.  382),  by  MR.  HENRY  HUCKS  GIBBS, 
from  which  I  quoted.  E.  MARSTON. 


(a)J 

Thomas  Cranmer, 
Archbishop. 

(a) 
Edmund  Cr 
Archde* 

anmer,- 
icon. 

-... 

(d) 

(a) 

(a) 

Thomas 
Cranmer=F 

George           daughter=r=Jervis 
Cranmer                             Walton 

(friend  of 

Hooker.) 

(d) 
Su 

sanna=F...  Floud 

(a) 
Izaak 

( 

Valton. 

born  9 

Aug.,  1593. 

(0 

(c) 

(b) 

(d) 

(d) 

id\ 

John  Floud, 

Robert               Rachell^Izaak 

M.A. 

Floud,  C.         mar.  Dec., 

Walton 

1626. 

bur.  25  Aug., 

1640. 

(b)  \                         (b)  \ 
Henry  Walton,        Henry  Walton, 
bap.  12  Oct.,            bap.  21  Mar., 

1      1     1 

5  other 
children, 

1632  ; 
bur.  17  Oct., 

1634; 
bur.  4  Dec., 

all  died  young. 

1632. 

1634. 

(«)  Zouch's  '  Life  of  I.  Walton,'  p.  314. 
(6)  8th  ed.  of  '  Comp.  Ang.'  (Bagster,  1815),  p.  14, 
note  3,  ref.  to  Bliss's  ed.  of  '  Athen.  Oxon.' 

(c)  Same  ed.,  p.  71  and  p.  76. 

(d)  11  S.  iii.  431. 


RICHARD  ROLLE'S  '  PRICK  OF  CON- 
SCIENCE':  'THE  BRITISH  CRITIC'  (11  S. 
iii.  227,  277,  377,  417,  458).— Bibliography 
presents  many  pitfalls  for  the  unwary, 
among  them  carelessness  and  a  reliance 
on  second-hand  authorities.  The  former 
is  responsible  for  my  error  in  writing  The 
British  Magazine,  and  Quarterly  Theo- 
logical Review,  when  I  ought  to  have  written 
The  British  Critic,  and  Quarterly  Theological 
Review  ;  and  I  am  obliged  to  MR.  HIGHAM 
for  enabling  me  to  make  the  correction. 

But  has  not  MR.  HIGHAM  himself  also 
fallen  into  an  error>  due  to  relying  on 
second-hand  authority  ?  He  says:  "  Com- 
menced in  May,  1793,  The  British  Critic 
continued  to  appear,  but  with  some  varia- 
tions of  title,  until  the  end  of  1852,  '  a  grand 
total  of  109  volumes.'  '  This  statement  is 
evidently  quoted,  though  from  whom  or  what 
is  not  stated.  The  Boston  Athenaeum  has 
what  appears  to  be  a  complete  set  of  The 
British  Critic  except  a  single  volume,  which 
I  take  to  have  been  the  final  volume 
(vol,  xxxiv.,  1843) ;  and  of  that  volume 
there  is  a  copy  in  the  Boston  Public  Library. 
An  examination  of  this  set  shows  the  follow- 
ing changes  in  title  and  in  numbering  of 
volumes  : — 

The  British  Critic,  A  New  Review.    Vols.  I. -II.  1793. 
The  British  Critic,  New  Series.    Vol.  III.    1794. 
The  British  Critic,  A  New  Review.   Vols.  IV. -XII. 

1794-8. 

The  British  Critic.    Vols.  XIII.  -XLII.    1799-1813. 
The  British  Critic,  New  Series.     Vols.  I. -XXIII. 

1814-25. 

The  British  Critic.    Vols.  I. -III.    1826. 
The  British  Critic,  Quarterly  Theological  Review 

and    Ecclesiastical    Record.       Vols.    I. -XXII. 

1827-37.    (As  stated  in  my  previous  reply,  the 

numbering  of  issues— and  it  was  this  feature 

that  puzzled  Miss  HOPE  ALLEN— began  with 

vol.  i.,  1827. ) 
The    British   Critic,    and    Quarterly    Theological 

Review.    Vols.  XXIII. -XXXIV.'    1838-43. 


12 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii s. iv. JULY i,  1911. 


The  last  volume  contains  Nos.  67-68, 
July-Oct.,  1843.  The  above  collation  shows 
that  42  +  23  +  3  +  34,  or  102  volumes  in  all, 
were  published.  What  is  MR.  HIGHAM'S 
authority  for  the  statement  that  The  British 
Critic  continued  to  appear  "  until  the  end 
of  1852  "  ?  If  it  was  continued  so  long,  how 
many  volumes  were  published  from  1844 
to  1852,  and  where  are  they  to  be  found  ? 
They  are  not  in  the  British  Museum. 

ALBERT  MATTHEWS. 

Boston,  U.S. 

ROYAL  JUBILEES  (11  S.  iii.  467).— The 
state  of  the  King's  health  was  probably 
responsible  for  the  celebration  of  George 
III.'s  Jubilee  being  fixed  as  early  as  possible. 
He  was,  indeed,  sane  during  1809,  and 
his  bodily  health  was  good  ;  but  he  was 
almost,  if  not  entirely,  blind,  and  merely 
enjoying  a  lucid  interval  between  two 
attacks  of  madness.  Similar  considerations 
regarding  the  mental  capacity  of  the 
monarch  were  happily  unnecessary  in  the 
case  of  the  1887  Jubilee  of  his  granddaughter, 
Queen  Victoria.  A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

Probably  the  reason  why  the  Jubilee  of 
George  III.  was  celebrated  at  the  com- 
mencement of  his  fiftieth  regnal  year 
(25  ^October,  1809)  was  because  he  had 
attained  his  seventieth  birthday  a  few 
months  previously,  having  been  born  at 
Xorfolk  House,  St.  James's  Square,  4  June, 
1738.  T.  SHEPHERD. 

QUEEX  VICTORIA'S  MATERNAL  GREAT- 
GRANDMOTHER  (US.  iii.  387,  438,  471).— 
There  seems  to  be  no  cause  for  perplexity 
in  the  replies  given  at  the  second  reference, 
if  it  is  remembered  that  Queen  Victoria 
had  four  great-grandmothers — two  on  the 
paternal,  and  two  on  the  maternal,  side. 
MR.  BULLOCK'S  query  merely  related  to 
the  Reuss  great-grandmother.  Francis  Fre- 
derick Antony.  Duke  of  Saxe-Coburg- 
Saalfeld,  the  father  of  the  Duchess  of  Kent, 
married  Augusta  Caroline  Sophia,  daughter 
of  Henry  XXIV.  of  Reuss  and  Caroline 
Ernestine  of  Erbach-Sclumberg.  He  was 
himself,  as  stated  by  W.  S.  S.,  the  son  of 
Ernest  Frederick,  Duke  of  Saxe-Coburg- 
Saalfeld,  and  his  wife  Sophia  Antoinette, 
Duchess  of  Brunswick  and  Liineburg,  who 
was  therefore  the  other  maternal  great- 
grandmother  of  Queen  Victoria.  The  Queen's 
paternal  great  -  grandmothers  were  (1) 
Augusta,  Princess  of  Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, 
wife  of  Frederick  Louis,  Prince  of  Wales, 
and  (2)  Albertina  Elizabeth,  Princess  of 


Saxe-Hildburghausen,  the  wife  of  Charles 
Louis  Frederick,  Duke  of  Mecklenburg- 
Strelitz,  and  mother  of  Queen  Charlotte. 

Henry  XXIV.  of  Reuss  belonged  to  what 
is  known  as  the  younger  branch  of  the 
family  of  Reuss,  now  represented  by  Henry 
XIV.  of  Reuss-Schleiz,  born  in  1832. 
Henry  XXII.  of  Reuss-Greiz,  born  in  1846, 
represents  the  elder  branch  of  the  family. 
Owing,  however,  to  the  incapacity  of 
Henry  XXII.,  Henry  XXVII.,  eldest  son  of 
Henry  XIV.,  enjoys  the  position  of  regent 
of  the  Reuss  principality,  and  as  Henry 
XXII.  has  no  sons,  he  will  eventually 
represent  the  family  on  the  extinction  of 
the  elder  line.  W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 

"ENVY,    ELDEST-BORN    OF    HELL"     (11    S. 

iii.  468).— 

Envy  !  eldest-born  of  hell ! 
Cease  in  human  breast  to  dwell : 
Ever  at  all  good  repining, 
Still  the  happy  undermining. 
God  and  man  by  thee  infested, 
Thou  by  God  and  man  detested  : 
Most  thyself  thou  dost  torment, 
At  once  the  crime  and  punishment : 
Hide  thee  in  the  blackest  night, 
Virtue  sickens  at  thy  sight : 
Hence  !   hence  !   eldest  born  of  hell ! 
Cease  in  human  breast  to  dwell. 

These  lines  are  set  as  a  chorus  in  Handel's 
oratorio  '  Saul,'  composed  by  him  in  1738, 
and  performed  at  the  King's  Theatre  on  the 
16th  of  January,  1739.  The  libretto  has 
been  ascribed  to  Charles  Jennens  of  Gopsall, 
and  also  to  Newburgh  Hamilton,  but  was 
probably  the  work  of  the  first-named  author. 
WILLIAM  H.  CTJMMINGS. 

"ORGEAT"  (11  S.  iii.  388,  435).— In 
the  replies  there  are  some  slight  mistakes 
the  corrections  to  which  may  be  interesting. 
"  Orgeat,"  as  has  been  shown,  was  originally 
barley-water,  and  then  a  milk  of  almonds 
(not  fresh  ones,  but  the  usual  dry  kernels), 
pleasantly  flavoured.  Almonds,  crushed  and 
pressed,  yield  their  oil  ;  but  when  they  are 
crushed  and  mixed  with  hot  water  so  as  to 
form  an  emulsion,  milk  of  almonds  can  be 
squeezed  out.  This  is  how  coco-nut  milk 
is  made  in  the  Indian  kitchen,  with  scraped 
coco-nut  and  hot  water,  for  the  preparation 
of  curry.  But  what  is  drunk  in  India  for 
refreshment  is  not  coco-nut  milk,  but  coco- 
nut water,  the  sweet,  almost  clear  fluid 
filling  the  fresh  unripe  nut,  and  so  grateful 
to  the  thirsty  man  out  shooting  in  a  pleasant 
land  of  coco-palms. 

Also,  lait  d'amelles  is  not  a  mistranscrip- 
tion for  lait  d'amandes  ;  it  is  a  direct  render- 


us. iv. JULY  1,1911.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


13 


ing  of  the  Proven  gal  la  d'amelo.  In  the 
Southern  language  of  France  L.  amygdala 
simply  became  amelo,  in  Northern  Langue- 
doc  amello  ;  this  (with  mute  final)  passed 
into  French  as  amelle,  a  word  now  lost, 
its  place  being  taken  by  amande,  a  curious 
phonetic  instance  of  transformation  by 
stages.  Popular  French  still  retains  the  / 
changed  to  r,  in  the  last  syllable  of  amandre, 
as  in  Sp.  almendra,  whence,  indirectly 
perhaps,  our  word  with  the  intrusive  Arabic  I 
silent  and  without  the  r. 

Bernard  de  Gordon,  from  a  translation 
(1580)  of  whose  '  De  Conservatione  Vitse  ' 
Littre  took  the  quotation,  lived  in  the 
thirteenth  century  ;  he  was  a  Montpellier 
physician,  from  the  town  of  Gourdoun  north 
of  Cahors,  whence  also  was  the  archer 
Bertrand  de  Gourdoun,  who  shot  Richard  I. 
The  translation  was  probably  made  by 
another  Southern  physician  who,  like 
Rabelais,  wrote  in  French  provenzalmente. 
EDWARD  NICHOLSON. 
Paris. 

"  SCHICKSAL  UND  EIGENE  SCHTJLD  "   (11  S. 

iii.  407). — In  Goethe's  '  Annalen  oder  Tag- 
und  Jahreshefte  von  1749-1822  '  the  follow- 
ing passage  occurs  under  1794  : — 

"  Ein  wundersamer,  dtirch  verwickelte  Schick- 
sale  nicht  ohne  seine  Schuld  verarmter  Mann . . . . " 

This  no  doubt  refers  to  J.  F.  Krafft,  the 
poet's  anonymous  protege  (see  Lewes' s 
'Life  of  Goethe,'  Book  IV.  chap.  vii.). 
Krafft,  however,  had  died  in  1785.  The 
'  Annalen  '  were  composed  during  the  years 
1819-26,  and  published  in  1830.  I  must 
leave  it  to  others  to  explain  the  difficulties 
of*  chronology  ;  but  if  the  clue  furnished  by 
the  passage  quoted  above  is  followed, 
Carlyle's  original  source  may,  perhaps, 
be  discovered.  Biedermann's  '  Goethes  Tag- 
und  Jahreshefte  '  should  be  consulted. 

HEINRICH  MUTSCHMANN. 
University  College,  Nottingham. 

"SOUCHY"  (11  S.  iii.  449).— The  word 
"  souchy "  is  properly  part  of  the  term 
"  water  souchy,"  which  is  the  name  for  a 
manner  of  cooking  fish.  Most  cookery 
books  give  flounders  as  the  fish,  but  one 
or  two  of  those  which  I  have,  e.g.,  *  The 
Cook's  Oracle,'  6th  ed.,  1823  (anonymous, 
but  by  William  Kitchener,  M.D.),  p.  195, 
suggest  flounders,  whitings,  gudgeons,  or 
eels. 

Kitchener's  receipt  is  : — 

"  These  must  be  quite  fresh,  and  very  nicely 
cleaned ;  for  what  they  are  boiled  in  is  the  sauce 
for  them.  Wash,  gut,  and  trim  your  Pish,  cut  them 
into  handsome  pieces,  and  put  them  into  a  stewpan 


with  just  as  much  water  as  will  cover  them,  with 
some  parsley,  or  parsley  roots  sliced,  an  onion 
minced  fine,  and  a  little  pepper  and  salt:  (to  this 
some  Cooks  add  some  scraped  Horseradish  and 
a  Bay  leaf ;)  skim  it  carefully  when  it  boils ; 
when  your  fish  is  done  enough  (which  will  be  in  a 
few  minutes),  send  it  up  in  a  deep  dish,  lined  with 
bread  sippets,  and  some  slices  of  bread  and  butter 
on  a  plate.'' 

Then  follows  an  "Observation"  about 
what  some  cooks  do  in  elaboration.  Cutting 
"  into  handsome  pieces "  would  mean 
"cut,  e.g.,  a  flounder  across  into  two  or 
three  pieces." 

Of  course  the  receipts  vary,  as  does  the 
spelling  of  the  name.  Mrs.  Glasse  in  her 
'  Art  of  Cookery,'  a  new  edition,  1803, 
p.  159,  gives  "  Water- Sokey ";  and  in 
modern  books  one  finds  "  water  souchy, 
souche,  souchet." 

I  do  not  think  that  "  souchy  "can  have 
any  connexion  with  any  old  French  word 
meaning  "  brine,  pickle,"  seeing  that  in  no 
receipt  that  I  have  referred  to  (i.e.,  some 
eight  or  nine)  have  I  found  any  mention  of 
brine  or  pickle,  that  I  have  not  found  any 
mention  of  the  receipt  in  any  French 
cookery  book,  and  that  it  appears  to  be  a 
Flemish  or  Dutch  method. 

George  Augustus  Sala  in  his  '  Thorough 
Good  Cook,'  1895,  p.  170,  has  :— 

"  Flounders  Water-Souchet  (or  Zootje"),  a  Dutch 
dainty,  for  which  we  are  indebted  to  William  III." 

Col.  A.  Kenny-Herbert  in  his  '  Common- 
sense  Cookery,'  revised  edition,  1905,  p.  146, 
writes  : — 

"  W attrzootje  (sometimes  called  *  watersoucTiy '). 
This  dish  is  not  a  souche,  or  a  souchy,  but  a  irater- 
zode,  a  water  zoo,  or  zootje.  It  belongs  to  Flemish, 
not  to  French  cookery." 

Concerning  the  word  see  10  S.  ix.  150,  178, 
193,  338,  s.v.  "  Water-suchy." 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

MISTRESS  KATHERINE  ASHLEY  (OR  AST- 
LEY)  (11  S.  iii.  447). — According  to  the 
'  D.N.B.,'  ii.  206,  John  Astley's  first  wife 
was  Catherine,  daughter  of  Sir  Philip  Cham- 
pernowne  of  Devonshire,  by  whom  he  had  no 
issue.  His  second  wife  was  Margaret, 
daughter  of  Thomas,  Lord  Grey,  by  whom 
he  had  a  son,  afterwards  Sir  John  Astley, 
and  three  daughters.  A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

JUDGE  JEFFREYS  AND  THE  TEMPLE 
CHURCH  ORGAN  (11  S.  iii.  427,  452,  476).— 
My  friend  MR.  JUSTICE  UDAL  will  find  full 
and  authentic  details  on  this  matter  in  Mr. 
Inderwick's  introduction  to  the  third  volume 
of  the  '  Calendar  of  Inner  Temple  Records,' 
pp.  xlv  et  seq.,  published  in  1901.  Recently 
a  distinguished  visitor,  on  being  told  the 


14 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [ii  s.  iv.  JULY  i,  ion. 


history  of  the  organ,  expressed  surprise, 
saying,  "  I  did  not  know  that  Judge  Jeffreys 
was  a  musical  man,"  adding,  after  a  pause, 
"  although  of  course  I  am  aware  that  he 
made  many  a  vox  humana  stop." 

J.  E.  LATTON  PICKERING. 
Inner  Temple  Library. 

From  the  records  of  the  Inner  and  Middle 
Temple  there  seems  to  be  no  doubt  that  the 
organ  was  bought  entirely  at  the  expense 
of  the  two  societies  of  the  Temple,  both 
contributing  500/.  Moreover,  from  Baylis's 
'  Temple  Church  '  I  find  that  Harris,  the 
unsuccessful  competitor,  was  recompensed 
for  his  trouble  out  of  the  funds  of  the  two 
societies. 

As  for  Lord  Chancellor  Jeffreys' s  musical 
qualities,  his  whole  claim  to  be  called  a  lover 
of  music  seems  to  me,  on  reading  Woolrych's 
and  Granger's  account  of  him,  to  rest  solely 
on  this  arbitration.  It  must  be  remem- 
bered, however,  that  the  two  societies  on 
more  than  one  occasion  referred  other 
matters  of  dispute  between  themselves  to 
the  judgment  of  the  Lord  Chancellors,  who 
seem  to  have  been  looked  on  by  the  Inns  of 
Court  as  standing  arbitrators.  Besides,  this 
matter  of  the  organ  had  been  referred  to 
Lord  North,  who  died  before  he  delivered 
his  verdict,  leaving  the  question  for  his 
successor,  Jeffreys,  to  settle.  I  think, 
therefore,  that  the  services  of  Jeffreys  as 
mediator  were  only  invoked  on  account  of 
his  office.  C.  H.  R.  PEACH. 

'  THE  CHURCHES  OF  YORKSHIRE  '  ( 1 1  S.  iii 
366,  418,  473).— The  following  letter  is  in 
my  possession,  and  the  inference  to  be  drawn 
from  it  is  that  Mr.  Hugall  was  the  principal 
person  concerned  in  the  production  of  the 
work  : — 

Cheltenham,  14  March,  1856. 

SIR,— 1  offer  a  suggestion  to  you  upon  which  you 
can  act  as  you  may  think  best.  I  purpose  reading  a 
paper  before  the  Literary  Institution  in  Hull  on 
luesday  evening  next  on  Ecclesiastical  Architec- 
ture, and  intend  mentioning  my  'Churches  of 
\orkshire,  and  stating  where  they  may  now  be 
purchased  ;  but  it  occurs  to  me  that  if  you  were  to 
send  to  Mr.  Leng,  the  bookseller  in  Hull,  some 
copies  of  Patrington,  Skirlaugh,  &c.,  &c.,  on  sale  or 
return,  you  might  find  some  customers.  I  go  to 
Hull  to-morrow  and  my  address  will  be  at  Kilburne 
King  Esq.,  M.D.,  26,  George  Street.  You  should 
give  Leng  prices  of  entire  vol.  in  various  bindings. 

™     T?  YoTurs  ,truly'          J-  w-  HUGALL. 

Mr.  Fenteman,  Leeds. 

I  wish  there  were  on  the  fly-leaves  of 
each  copy  :  "  This  work  was  originated  by 
J.  W.  Hugall,  architect,  Cheltenham." 

Leeds.  G'  D'  LTO»- 


BURNS  AND  '  THE  WEE  WEE  GERMAN 
LAIRDIE  '  (11  S.  iii.  286,  354,  430).— The 
alternatives  presented  in  this  discussion  are 
these — either  (1)  that  Allan  Cunningham 
was  the  sole  author  of  '  The  Wee  Wee  Ger- 
man Lairdie,'  or  (2)  that  he  had  an  older 
version  before  him  when  he  constructed 
the  song.  The  arguments  in  favour  of  the 
second  alternative  have  been  powerfully 
put  forward  at  the  last  reference.  Perhaps 
I  may  be  allowed  to  advance  some  considera- 
tions by  way  of  showing  the  first  view  to  be 
on  the  whole  more  probable. 

1.  Writing   of   Allan   Cunningham   in   an 
early    number    of    Fraser's    Magazine,    and 
speaking  of  the   '  Nithsdale  and    Galloway 
Songs,'  Maginn  says  : — 

"They  are  simply  chefs  dceuvre,  and  are  almost, 
but  not  entirely,  equalled  by  the  Jacobite  relics, 
which  he  [Cunningham],  at  an  earlier  period,  but  in 
a  similar  mood  of  humbug  and  inspiration,  gave  to 
the  not-altogether-unsuspecting,  nor  the  altogether- 
in-such-arts-unpractised  Hogg." 

The  points  to  be  noted  here  are  these  :  (1) 
that  there  was  a  collection  of  songs  earlier 
than  that  of  Cromek  ;  (2)  that  this  collec- 
tion was  described  as  "  Jacobite  relics  "  ; 
(3)  that  the  collection  was  given  (?  lent)  by 
Cunningham  to  Hogg,  apparently  with 
intent  to  deceive ;  and  (4)  that  Hogg  had 
a  guilty  knowledge  of  the  fraud  which 
Cunningham  contemplated.  Where  Maginn 
obtained  his  information  is  not  stated,  but 
at  all  events  his  aspersions  on  the  literary 
reputation  of  both  Hogg  and  Cunningham 
are  singularly  harsh  and  cruel.  At  the  same 
time  his  insinuations  are  not  altogether  un- 
supported by  evidence  from  another,  more 
friendly  quarter. 

2.  About  fifty  or  sixty  years  ago  there  was 
a    story    current    in    the    Scottish    border 
counties,    which  found   its  way  into  print, 
but,   not  having  the  account  before  me,  I 
am  compelled  to  trust  to  memory  in  reciting 
it.     The  story  was  to  the  effect  that  Hogg 
and  Cunningham,  who  were  intimate  friends, 
had  met  on  one  occasion  to  exchange  views 
and  compare  notes  on  poetry  and  literature 
generally.     In    the   course    of    conversation 
Hogg,  who  was  somewhat  addicted  to  play- 
ing practical    jokes,   made    an  attempt    to 
mystify   Cunningham  as  to  the  genesis  of 
one    of    his    own    poems.     Cunningham,    a 
much  younger  man,  and  standing  somewhat 
in  awe  of  his  friend's  superior  attainments, 
perceived   that    he   was   being   fooled,    and 
in  order  to  change  the  subject  he  opened  his 
scrapbook   or   portfolio,    took   out   a   poem 
printed  on  a  separate  slip   of  paper,   and, 
handing   it   to   Hogg,    asked   him   what   he 


n  s.  iv.  JULY  i,  MIL]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


15 


thought  of  it.  The  poem,  rudely  printed, 
seemed  old,  and  had  every  appearance  of 
being  a  genuine  relic  of  antiquity.  In 
reality,  however,  it  was  the  work  of  Cun- 
ningham himself,  originally  printed  in  a 
local  newspaper,  whence  it  had  been  reprinted 
without  his  knowledge,  and  utilized  by 
ballad-singers  up  and  down  the  country. 
Hogg,  having  read  it  over,  was  profoundly 
impressed,  and  there  and  then  pronounced 
it  to  be  a  genuine  version  of  an  old  song. 
Cunningham,  who  at  first  had  no  intention 
of  concealing  the  authorship,  was  amazed 
at  Hogg's  credulity,  and  feeling  that  the 
tables,  so  far  as  fooling  was  concerned,  had 
now  been  turned  upon  his  friend,  he  kept 
silence  as  to  its  real  origin,  only  mentioning 
where  and  when  he  had  picked  it  up.  The 
facility  with  which  he  deceived  Hogg  on 
this  occasion  is  believed  to  have  encouraged 
him  to  perpetrate  a  similar  deception  on 
Cromek.  At  all  events,  the  first  step  on  the 
downward  path — if  we  may  so  call  it — 
was  the  result  of  a  harmless  bit  of  fun,  and 
not  due  to  deliberate  premeditation,  as 
Maginn  insinuates. 

It  is  to  be  remembered  that  in  the  early 
years  of  last  century  people  were  extremely 
fond  of  old  songs  and  historical  ballads. 
The  ballad-singer,  laden  with  copies  of  songs 
and  equipped  with  a  few  tunes  to  which 
he  sang  them,  was  warmly  received  in  every 
rural  town  and  country  district  where  he 
appeared.  So  great,  indeed,  was  the  de- 
mand for  poetry  of  this  sort  that  the  supply 
fell  far  short  of  what  was  wanted.  A 
traffic  in  spurious  ballads  and  sham-antique 
songs  sprang  up  in  many  printing  centres, 
especially  in  Newcastle.  A  Border  clergy- 
man is  mentioned  as  having  been  particu- 
larly skilful  in  this  species  of  imposture. 
His  sham-antiques  were  printed  by  the 
hundred  in  Newcastle,  sold  to  ballad-singers, 
and  by  them  disseminated  over  the  country. 
Even  with  such  questionable  practices, 
however,  the  demand  was  always  ahead 
of  the  supply,  and  hence  it  happened  that 
magazines  and  newspapers  were  plundered 
without  compunction  of  poems  likely  to 
appeal  to  the  popular  taste.  In  some  such 
manner  as  this,  Cunningham's  song,  which 
imposed  upon  Hogg,  is  conjectured  to  have 
found  its  way  into  public  favour. 

3.  We  arrive  now  at  the  evidence  of  Hogg 
himself,  admirably  summarized  by  MB. 
BAYNE.  Maginn  in  his  strictures  on  Cun- 
ningham makes  no  mention  of  '  The  Wee 
Wee  German  Lairdie  '  ;  neither  is  it 
named  expressly  in  the  story  referred  to 
above.  Hogg,  however,  saw  it,  and  knew 


that  it  formed  part  of  "an  older  collection  " 
than  that  of  Cromek.  Presumably  this 
older  collection  was  the  same  as  the  collec- 
tion of  "  Jacobite  relics "  given  by  Cun- 
ningham to  Hogg,  according  to  Maginn, 
and  the  same  as  the  collection  of  Cunning- 
ham's poems,  partly  MS.  and  partly  printed, 
as  indicated  in  the  other  narrative.  Hogg 
had  the  older  version  of  '  The  Wee  Wee 
German  Lairdie '  in  his  possession  long 
enough,  at  least,  to  set  it  to  a  tune  of  his 
own  composing.  He  was  able  to  quote 
from  it  part  of  a  stanza  not  in  the  Cromek 
version,  thereby  proving  that  Cunning- 
ham had  to  some  extent  altered  it 
before  handing  it  over  to  the  London  pub- 
lisher. The  fact  of  its  being  "  a  great 
favourite  all  over  Scotland  "  is  merely  an 
evidence  of  the  ballad-singers'  popularity. 
A  few  months  would  be  sufficient  to  make 
it  popular  all  over  Scotland  wherever  the 
ballad-singer  appeared. 

These  considerations,  together  with  Cun- 
ningham's own  words  about  Cromek' s  book 
(all  contributed  by  him,  except  two  little 
scraps),  and  the  claim  made  by  the  son  for 
the  father's  authorship,  constitute,  I  venture 
to  submit,  pretty  strong  cumulative  proof 
in  favour  of  '  The  Wee  Wee  German  Lairdie  ' 
being  solely  due  to  the  pen  of  Allan  Cunning- 
ham. 

May  I  be  permitted  to  add  a  few  words 
in  closing  ?  Much  less  than  justice,  I  fear, 
is  done  to  the  memory  of  Allan  Cunningham 
with  regard  to  the  Nithsdale  and  Galloway 
songs.  It  may  be  impossible  to  make  any 
adequate  defence  of  the  deception  practised 
oh  Cromek,  or  to  justify  Cunningham's 
somewhat  free  use  of  other  men's  material. 
At  the  same  time,  let  us  glance  at  the  parties 
mainly  interested  in  Cromek' s  publication. 
There  was  Cromek  himself,  a  man  altogether 
destitute  of  critical  faculty,  and  utterly 
incompetent  to  edit  a  book  of  songs,  which 
was  undertaken  as  a  purely  commercial 
speculation.  There  was  the  undiscerning 
public,  eager  to  swallow  every  species  of 
song  or  ballad,  genuine  or  sham,  offered  for 
acceptance  by  literary  quacks  like  Cromek. 
And  there  was  the  young  author,  who,  to 
his  own  astonishment,  found  himself  capable 
of  producing  the  kind  of  article  the  public 
clamoured  for,  and  whose  labours  were 
rewarded  in  the  end  with  a  single  bound  copy 
of  the  book  he  did  so  much  to  produce. 
Why  should  his  shoulders  be  made  to  bear 
the  entire  blame  of  the  deception,  such  as 
it  was  ?  If  he  is  to  be  condemned,  what 
are  we  to  say  of  Hogg,  who  indulged  in 
similar  escapades,  if  we  are  to  believe 


16 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  JULY  i,  1911. 


Maginn  ?  Above  all,  if  we  pronounce  Allan 
Cunningham  an  offender  beyond  the  pale  of 
pardon,  how  are  we  to  acquit  Burns,  whose 
alterations  and  amplifications  of  old  Scottish 
songs  are  admitted  to  have  laid  the  world 
of  literature  under  great  and  peculiar 
obligations  ?  SCOTUS. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (11  S. 
iii.  468). — M.  M.'s  second  quotation,  "  Smug 
and  silver  Trent,"  is  from  the  First  Part  of 
'  King  Henry  IV.,'  Act  III.  sc.  i. 

G.  T.  W. 

M.  M.'s  third  query  has  recalled  some 
lines  I  saw  scribbled  in  a  book  circa  1854  : — 

The  cook,  her  book, 

Long  may  she  live  herein  to  look  ; 

Not  only  to  look,  but  to  understand, 

For  learning  is  better  than  houses  or  land, 

For  when  house  is  gone  and  money  spent. 

Then  learning  is  most  excellent. 

EDWARD  G.  VARNISH. 

SHEEP:  THEIR  COLOUR  (11  S.  iii.  466). — 
The  belief  that  the  colour  of  sheep  and 
cattle,  and  the  hair  and  complexion  of 
human  beings,  are  affected  by  the  water 
that  they  drink  is  very  old.  Burton  refers 
to  it  in  the  '  Anatomy  of  Melancholy,' 
i.  2.  2.  1  :— 

"  Axius,  or  as  now  called  Verduri,  the  fairest 
riuer  in  Macedonia,  makes  all  eattell  blacke  that 
tast  of  it.  Aleacman  now  Peleca,  another  streame 
in  Thessaly,  makes  eattell  most  part  white,  si potui 
ducas." 

Pliny.  'Xat.  Hist.,'  ii.  §230  and  xxxi. 
§§  13,  14.  besides  the  Axius  and  Haliacmon, 
mentions  several  springs  and  rivers  sup- 
posed to  possess  similar  properties. 

Addison  in  his  'Remarks  on  Several 
Parts  of  Italy  :  wrote  : — 

<kln  my  way  hence  to  Terni  I  saw  the  river 
Clitunmus,  celebrated  by  so  many  of  the  poets  fora 
particular  .juality  in  its  waters  of  making  cattle 
white  that  drink  of  it.  The  inhabitants  of  that 
country  have  still  the  same  opinion  of  it,  as  I  found 
upon  inquiry,  and  have  a  great  many  oxen  of  a 
whitish  colour  to  confirm  them  in  it." — Bohn's 
edition  of  Addisorrs  work?,  vol.  i.,  p.  409. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 
Aberystwyth. 

_  SIR  ^WILLIAM  ASHTOX,  KT.,  M.P.  (11  S. 
iii.  387,  477). — A  pedigree  of  the  Asshetons 
is  to  be  found  in  Foster's  '  Lancashire 
Families,'  and  if  SUTOC.S  will  refer  to  it, 
he  will  find  full  particulars  of  the  relation- 
ship between  the  Asshetons  of  Great  Lever 
and  the  Asshetons  of  Midclleton. 

Mr.  Samuel  Ashton,  who  appears  to  have 
lived  in  the  parish  of  Middleton,  and  who 
is  alluded  to  by  SUTOCS,  was  not,  so  far  as 


I  know,  descended  from  the  distinguished 
family  who  owned  large  estates  in  that 
neighbourhood,  and  whose  seat  was  Middle- 
ton  Hall.  I  am  not  aware  of  the  existence, 
at  the  present  time,  of  any  male  descendants 
of  the  Asshetons  of  Middleton. 

A  short  pedigree  of  the  family  to  which 
Mr.  Samuel  Ashton  belonged  is,  however, 
given  in  Foster's  '  Lancashire  Families,' 
but  no  connexion  with  the  Asshetons  of 
Middleton  Hall  is  attempted  to  be  shown. 
These  Ashtons  acquired  great  wealth  as 
cotton  manufacturers  and  Manchester  mer- 
chants, I  believe. 

The  late  Mr.  Ralph  Assheton  of  Down- 
ham  Hall  (M.P.  for  Clitheroe  1868-80)  told 
me  about  ten  years  ago  that  his  father,  Mr. 
William  Assheton  of  Downham  Hall,  became 
the  head  of  the  Assheton  family  on  the 
death  of  the  well-known  Mr.  Thos.  Assheton- 
Smith,  of  Tedworth,  Hampshire,  and  of 
Vaynol,  Carnarvonshire,  sometime  M.P. 
for  Andover.  W.  H. 

A  MURDEROUS  LONDON  BOATMAN  OF 
1586  (11  S.  iii.  446). — MR.  AXON  does  not 
think  Fournier's  narrative  very  convincing, 
but  the  story  has  perhaps  some  foundation 
arising  out  of  loss  of  life  on  the  river.  It 
may  not  be  wholly  irrelevant  to  mention 
that  an  Act  of  1603  (1  James  I.  c.  16)  recites 
the  loss  of  life  caused  by  unskilful  ferry- 
men between  Windsor  and  Gravesend,  and 
proceeds  to  regulate  the  apprenticeship 
necessary  before  becoming  a  ferryman. 

P.    A.    McELWAINE. 

ST.  PATRICK  :  ST.  GEORGE  (11  S.  iii.  467). 
— There  is  absolutely  no  trace,  in  any  of  the 
ancient  or  mediaeval  lives  of  St.  Patrick,  of 
the  legend  of  the  saint  using  the  shamrock 
to  illustrate  the  doctrine  of  the  Trinity — 
not  even  in  the  most  legendary  of  them  all, 
the  twelfth- century  life  by  Jocelynof  Furness. 
It  is  a  modern  myth  which  has  caught  the 
popular  imagination,  and  can  be  traced 
back,  according  to  Prof.  Stokes,  no  further 
than  A.D.  1600.  Apart  from  St.  Patrick, 
the  Irish  reverence  for  the  trefoil  may  be 
much  more  ancient,  dating  possibly  to 
Druidic  times.  A  prolonged  controversy 
about  St.  Patrick  and  the  shamrock  took 
place  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  nearly  fifty  years  ago 
(Third  and  Fourth  Series,  beginning  in 
1862). 

As  to  St.  George,  no  one  can  possibly 
assign  a  date  to  his  first  connexion  with 
the  dragon.  The  legend,  of  course,  comes 
from  Eastern  antiquity,  as  the  venerable 
myths  of  Apollo  and  the  Python,  Bellerophon 


ii  s.  iv.  JULY  i,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


17 


and  the  Chimera,  Perseus  and  the  sea- 
monster,  reappear  in  Christian  hagiology 
and  art  in  the  legends  of  St.  Michael, 
St.  George,  and  a  score  of  other  saints. 

D.  O.  HUNTER  BLAIR. 
Fort  Augustus. 

FORBES  OF  SKELLATER  (11  S.  iii.  467). — 
The  '  Dictionary  of  National  Biography  '  is 
wrong.  The  father  of  General  John  Forbes 
(1733-1808)  of  the  Portuguese  Army  and 
Governor  of  Rio  de  Janeiro  was,  as  the 
Minneapolis  querist  states,  George  Forbes 
of  Skellater.  A  biography  of  the  general  has 
been  written  by  Dr.  Neil  under  the  title  of 
*  Ian  Roy  of  Skellater  :  a  Scottish  Soldier 
of  Fortune,'  published  by  Wyllie  &  Son, 
Aberdeen,  1902.  G.  S.  F. 

MILTON  AND  THE  COMPANY  OF  COOPERS 
(11  S.  i.  244).— MR.  W.  R.  B.  PRIDEAUX'S 
reference  to  a  list  of  London  citizens  pub- 
lished by  me  through  Messrs.  Hutchings 
&  Romer  last  year  has  heretofore  escaped 
my  attention.  In  the  course  of  my  com- 
mentary upon  the  names  of  various  citizens, 
I  drew  attention  to  that  of  one  John  Milton, 
and  suggested  a  possible  identity  of  the 
citizen  and  of  the  poet.  That  I  was  in 
error  was  demonstrated  in  the  Congrega- 
tional Historical  Society's  Transactions, 
vol.  iv.  No.  5.  In  that  issue  the  Rev.  T.  C. 
Crippen  shows  reason  to  attribute  the 
signature  of  John  Milton  in  Harleian  MS. 
4778  to  John  Milton  of  St.  Dunstan's-in- 
the-East,  Captain,  and  afterwards  Major, 
of  the  Trained  Bands. 

Having  thus  acquitted  myself  of  the  task  of 
indicating  my  error,  I  may  be  permitted 
to  add  that  my  unfortunate  remark  that 
"  John  Milton,  if  a  cooper,  had  the  oppor- 
tunity of  earning  a  respectable  livelihood, 
but  preferred  to  become  a  schoolmaster 
and  a  poet,"  should  have  been  distinguished 
in  some  fashion  as  partly  a  "  joke."  I 
deeply  regret  that  I  should  have  dealt  in  any 
frivolous  manner  with  a  subject  so  utterly 
destitute  of  humour  as  the  personality  of 
John  Milton.  THE  COMPILER  OF 

'LONDON  CITIZENS  OF  1651.' 

B  AND  G  CONFUSED  IN  DOMESDAY  AND 
FEUDAL  AIDS  (US.  iii.  443). — Such  errors 
•can  only  be  scribal,  and  the  bunch  of  six 
Bulled  by  MR.  HAMBLEY  ROWE  from  the 
MS.  of  the  Feudal  Aid  of  1306  is  extremely 
interesting.  The  error  got  into  print  very 
early,  and  in  the  '  Morte  d' Arthur  '  we  find 
"  Grandegoris  "  and  "  Grastias  "  colliding 
with  "  Brandegoris  "  and  "  Brastias."  It 
even  survived 'down  to'modern  times  :  for 


in  the  seventeenth-century  copy  of  the  'Cog- 
nacio  Brichani,'  Cotton  MS.  Domitian  I., 
the  Old  Welsh  word  bratauc,  "  treacherous," 
is  written  grutauc  (where  the  first  u  ::  a)  ; 
and  in  one  place  in  this  tract  the  name  of 
Brichan  appears  as  grichan. 

In  the  '  Vita  Patricii '  in  the  '  Hist  or  ia 
Brittonum '  the  Cotton  MS.  Caligula  A. 
VIII.  (scr.  c.  1152)  presents  the  ghost-word 
agrecoria.  In  this  -grec-  stands  for  the 
-bget-  of  "  abgetoria,"  i.e.,  abecedaria.  More- 
over, all  MSS.  of  this  '  Vita '  have 
Segerus  for  *Seberus,  i.e.,  Severus  (episco- 
pus  ?). 

In  the  '  Historia  Brittonum '  itself  all 
MSS.  collated  by  Mommsen  give  Argabaste 
(cap.  xxix.)  for  Arbogaste  ;  while  the  Harley 
MS.  of  the  '  Historia  Brittonum,'  which  was 
written  not  very  long  after  Domesday 
Book,  actually  has  grittones  once  (cap.  xxviii.) 
for  Brittones.  ALFRED  ANSCOMBE. 

"O.  K."  (11  S.  iii.  266,  390,  458).— I 
remember  being  told  some  years  ago  of  an 
amusing  incident  which  happened  in  a 
City  law  court.  An  American  was  being 
much  worried  in  cross-examination  by  a  K.C. 
as  to  the  precise  meaning  of  the  letters 
O.  K.  At  last  he  replied  :  "  Well,  I  guess 
O.  K.  means  '  all  correct,'  just  as  you  might 
say  K.C.,  '  conceited  cuss.'  ' 

SHERBORNE. 

Sherborne  House,  Northleach. 

PETER  THE  GREAT'S  PORTRAIT  (11  S. 
iii.  447). — It  is  stated  in  the  '  Life  of  Peter 
the  Great'  in  "Murray's  Family  Library" 
that  William  III.  persuaded  the  Czar  to  sit 
for  his  portrait  to  Sir  Godfrey  Kneller,  and 
that  this  portrait,  of  which  an  engraving 
appears  as  a  frontispiece  to  the  "Family 
Library "  volume,  was  hung  at  Windsor 
Castle.  A  later  authority,  however,  assigns 
it  to  Hampton  Court. 

If  this  portrait  be  the  only  one  ever  taken 
of  Peter  the  Great,  it  must  have  been  fre- 
quently engraved.  There  is  an  engraving 
by  J.  F.  Bause,  another  by  P.  de  Gunst, 
and  another  by  J.  C.  Edwards,  the  latter 
two  being  engraved  from  Kneller' s  portrait. 

W.  SCOTT. 

PIGTAILS  IN  THE  BRITISH  ARMY  (11  S.  iii. 
466).— The  General  Order  "  to  dispense  with 
the  use  of  queues  until  further  orders  "  was 
dated  Horse  Guards,  20  July,  1808.  See 
'  Curiosities  of  War,'  by  Thomas  Carter, 
Adjutant -General's  Office,  published  in 
1860,  p.  184.  How  the  order  was  received 
on -24  July  by  the  28th  Regiment  is  shown 
by  Carter  from  a  "Narrative  of  the  Cam- 


18 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  iv.  JULY  i,  1911. 


paigns  of  the  28th  Regiment,  since  their 
Return  from  Egypt  in  1802.  By  Lieut.-Col. 
Charles  Cadell,  Unattached,  late  Major  of 
that  Corps  "  : — 

"A  signal  was  immediately  made  for  all  hair- 
nutters  to  repair  to  head-quarters.  As  soon  as  they 
had  finished  on  board  the  head-quarter  ship,  the 
ndjutant,  Lieut.  Russell,  proceeded  with  them  and 
a  pattern  man  to  the  other  troopships.  The  tails 
were  kept  till  all  were  docked,  when,  by  a  signal^ 
the  whole  were  hove  overboard,  with  three  cheers.'? 

R.   J.   FYNMORE. 

Sandgate. 

[W.  S.  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

SWAMMERDAM'S  '  HISTORY  OF  INSECTS  ' 
(US.  iii.  448). — The  story  referred  to  will 
be  found  in  D'Israeli's  '  Curiosities  of  Litera- 
ture,' under  the  section  headed  '  Literary 
Impostures.'  Sir  John  Hill  is  said  to  have 
agreed  to  translate  Swammerdam's  '  History 
of  Insects  '  for  501. ,  but,  knowing  no  Dutch, 
he  contracted  with  another  writer  to  do  the 
work  for  25?.  This  person,  not  knowing 
Dutch  any  more  than  Sir  John,  made  a 
bargain  with  a  third  party,  who,  being  quali- 
fied, executed  the  translation  for  twelve 
guineas.  The  book  referred  to,  with  a  life 
of  Swammerdam  by  Boerhaave  appeared 
in  English,  "from  the  Dutch  and  Latin  by 
Thomas  Floyd  :  Revised  and  improved  with 
Notes  by  Dr.  Hill,"  London,  1758. 

SCOTUS. 

ROYAL  SOCIETY:  ITS  RARITIES  (11  S. 
iii.  467).— ';  Dr.  N.  G."  is  Nehemiah  Grew, 
M.D.,  who  published  in  1681  'A  Catalogue 
and  Description  of  the  Natural  and  Artificial 
Rarities  belonging  to  the  Royal  Society  and 
preserved  at  Gresham  Colledge.' 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

COMMONWEALTH  CHURCHES  (11  S.  iii. 
449). — The  Wiltshire  church  mentioned  by 
COL.  FYNMORE  is  not  the  only  church 
erected  during  the  Commonwealth.  St. 
Saviour's,  Poplar,  formerly  the  chapel  of 
the  Hon.  East  India  Company,  is  another. 

S.  D.  C. 

BLUE  ROD  (11  S.  iii.  425).— On  p.  223 
of  The  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  1731  Sir 
William  Sanderson,  Bt,,  is  described  as 

Deputy-Usher  of  the  Black  Rod." 

R.  VAUGHAN  GOWER. 

BULLYVANT:    BUTTYVANT  (US.  iii.  444). 
-In   the  last   paragraph   of   my   note   the 
explanation  of  the  name  Buttyvant  should 
have  been  Butez  en  avant,  not  Batez. 

LEO  C. 


Records  of  the  English  Bible  :  the  Documents- 
relating  to  the  Translation  and  Publication  of 
the  Bible  in  English,  1525-1611.  Edited,  with 
an  Introduction,  by  A.  W.  Pollard.  (Oxford! 
University  Press.) 

AMONG  the  books  produced  on  the  occasion  of 
the  Tercentenary  of  the  Authorized  Version  that 
before  us  takes  a  prominent  place,  and,  as  a  brief 
and  lucid  exposition  of  the  fortunes  of  the  English 
Bible,  is  likely  to  hold  its  own  when  the  special 
cause  for  its  genesis  is  forgotten.  Mr.  Pollard  is 
one  of  the  most  trustworthy  and  accomplished 
bibliographers  of  the  day,  and  the  collection  of 
original  documents  here  brought  together,  many 
of  which  are  not  readily  accessible,  forms  with  the 
Introduction  an  excellent  guide  to  the  subject, 
which  in  its  details  is  not  without  complexities 
and  puzzles. 

The  Introduction  in  its  seventy-six  pages  puts 
before  us  clearly  and  concisely  the  facts  concerning 
the  versions  which  preceded  and  influenced  the 
composition  of  the  A.  V.,  and  the  history  of  that 
great  book,  concerning  the  editions  of  which  a 
scholar  like  Scrivener  was  in  error  as  late  as  1884r 
owing,  says  Mr.  Pollard,  to  "  entire  ignorance  of 
the  customs  of  the  book-trade  in  the  seventeenth 
century." 

The'Wyclifite  Bibles  are  first  treated.  When 
their  language  was  fast  becoming  obsolete,. 
Tyndale  improved  matters  by  translating  the 
New  Testament,  not  from  the  Latin  Vulgate, 
but  from  the  original  Greek,  but  could  find  no 
hearing  for  his  work  in  England.  Mr.  Pollard  sees 
no  reason  to  cast  doubt  OK  his  statement  that  he 
did  not  copy  anything  from  the  Wyclifite  version, 
"  though  some  resemblances  have  been  quoted." 
Anyway,  "  Tyndale's  own  work  fixed,  once  for  all, 
the  style  and  tone  of  the  English  Bible,  and 
supplied  not  merely  the  basis  of  all  subsequent 
Protestant  renderings  of  the  books  (with  un- 
important exceptions)  on  which  he  laboured,  but 
their  very  substance  and  body,  so  that  these  sub- 
sequent versions  must  be  looked  upon  as  revisions 
of  his,  not  as  independent  translations." 

Persecution  did  not  allow  Tyndale  to  finish  his 
work,  which  was  completed  by  Coverdale,  "  a 
man  of  far  less  scholarship,  but  an  equally  happy 
style."  To  these  two  men  the  rhythm  and 
melody  of  the  Authorized  Version  are  to  be 
attributed,  reasserting  themselves  after  every 
change  made  by  the  revisers  (p.  61).  This,  says 
Mr.  Pollard,  is  more  likely  than  that  the  wonderful 
felicity  of  phrasing  should  be  due  to  the  dexterity 
of  the  board  of  twelve  or  the  two  final  revisers,  and 
his  verdict  will,  we  think,  be  generally  endorsed. 

The  uncertain  and  not  always  creditable  part 
played  by  high  dignitaries  of  the  Church,  and  the 
great  influence  of  versions  outside  England  on  the 
chief  of  English  books,  constitute  a  curious  story 
which  loses  nothing  in  Mr.  Pollard's  hands.  We 
are  pleased  to  see  printed  the  most  trustworthy 
list  of  the  translators  of  the  A.  V.,  with  notes 
on  their  identity,  for  this  is  a  list  for  which  we 
have  often  been  asked,  and  which  is  not  available 
in  many  accounts  of  the  Bible,  though  it  is  surely 
one  which  should  be  widely  known.  One  of 
the  two  scholars  who  put  the  final  touches  to  the 
book  was  not  a  member  of  any  of  the  boards  of 


ii  s.rv.  JULY  i,i9iL]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


19 


revisers,  which  was  probably  an  advantage. 
The  A.  V.  actually  lacks,  so  far  as  extant  evidence 
goes,  the  authority  indicated  by  its  title  ;  but 
Lord  Selborne  is  quoted  as  writing  to  The  Times 
in  1881  to  suggest  that  the  Order  in  Council 
which  gave  this  authority  was  among  the  Council 
books  and  registers  destroyed  by  fire  in  January, 
1618,  O.S.  Mr.  Pollard,  however,  nctes  that 
the  A.  V.  was  "  appointed,"  not  ordered,  for 
church  reading,  and  suggests  that,  all  parties 
being  agreed,  legal  formalities  were  omitted. 
This  is  supported  by  earlier  usage. 

The  Records  are  well  chosen,  and  supply  many 
interesting  things.  We  find  Tyndale's  own 
narrative  of  his  experiences  in  London  ;  Dobneck's 
account  in  Latin  (with  a  translation)  of  how  he 
routed  Tyndale  out  of  Cologne  ;  and  Sir  Thomas 
More's  views  concerning  the  use  of  the  words 
"  prestys,"  "  chyrch,"  and  "  charyte."  Some  of 
the  Spelling  in  these  documents  is  quaint.  Thus 
Coverdale  speaks  of  the  Vulgate  as  "  costum- 
ably  red  in  the  church."  The  preface  to  the 
version  of  1611,  '  The  Translators  to  the  Reader,' 
is  not  devoid  of  pedantry,  and  is  overloaded  with 
quotations  from  the  Fathers  and  a  few  pagan 
authors  ;  but  it  contains  a  good  deal  of  sound 
sense  which  might  be  profitably  considered^  by 
revisers  of  the  Prayer  Book. 

The  Cornhill  for  July  is  a  Thackeray  number, 
and  supplies  a  good  deal  of  interest  concerning 
the  great  novelist.  A  Centenary  Poem  and  an 
unpublished  portrait  of  Thackeray  from  a  photo- 
graph of  1863  are  the  first  items.  When  we  say 
that  the  poem  is  by  Mr.  Austin  Dobson,  our  readers 
will  know  that  it  is  informed  with  the  neatness 
and  grace  which  make  appreciation  seem  so  easy. 
Lady  Ritchie's  charming  note  by  way  of  Preface 
to  the  newly  discovered  '  Cockney  Travels  '  is  a 
little  guide  to  their  method  and  merits.  It  is  as 
well,  however,  to  add  that,  unlike  other  recovered 
pieces,  the  '  Travels  '  are  a  real  find,  worth  reading 
by  all  admirers  of  the  master.  A  letter  in  fac- 
simile by  W.  M.  T.  to  "  Dear  Yedward  "  (Fitz- 
Gerald),  including  a  characteristic  sketch  of  a 
chambermaid,  is  excellently  gay,  and  explains 
inter  alia  : — 

"  I  wrote  a  poem  in  the  Llangollen  Album  as 
follows 

A  better  glass  nor  a  better  Pipe 

I  never  had  in  all  my  life. 

Saml.  Rogers." 

'  The  Knights  of  Borsellen  '  is  another  Thackeray 
novelty,  an  early  fragment  to  which  Lady  Ritchie 
contributes  an  illuminating  preface.  The  story, 
which  has  several  of  the  author's  sketches,  belongs 
to  the  days  of  English  chivalry  in  France  recorded 
by  Monstrelet  and  Fioissart.  Lady  Ritchie  tells 
us  of  Thackeray's  study  of  these  authorities,  and 
hesitation  at  the  end  of  his  life  "as  to  whether 
he  should  not  revert  to  the  story  for  which  he 
had  read  up  so  carefully,  and  of  which  he  had 
written  the  opening  chapters." 

Two  papers  follow — by  Mrs.  Warre  Cornish  on 
'  Thackeray  and  his  Father's  Family,'  and  by  Mr. 
F.  B.  Bradley-Birt  on  '  "  Sylhet  "  Thackeray,' 
a  sixteenth  child  who  went  out  to  India  in  1766. 
He  was  able  to  retire  to  England  for  thirty-six 
years  after  ten  abroad,  but  none  of  his  six  sons 
who  went  thither  had  the  same  good  fortune. 
"  Sylhet  "  Thackeray  lived  long  enough  to  hear 
of  the  birth  of  his  grandson  on  18  July,  1811 


VTrs.  Cornish's  paper  is  a  pleasant  exposition  of 
Thackeray's  home  affection  and  kindliness  to 
children.  Mr.  Birt's  would  be  more  interesting  . 
f  he  could  have  told  us  more  of  the  tastes  of 
Thackeray's  grandfather.  We  learn  that  he  was 
a  generous  friend  and  patron,  absorbed  in  the 
education  of  his  sons  and  daughters,  and  busy 
n  his  garden,  but  we  are  not  told  whether  he  had 
iterary  or  artistic  ability. 

There  are,  of  course,  other  members  of  the 
family  who  were  well  known  before  the  novelist 
came  to  repute,  as  may  be  seen  in  Gunning's 
'  Reminiscences  of  Cambridge.' 

The  appearance  of  this  memorial  number 
suggests  that  a  book  might  be  made  out  of 
different  aspects  of  Thackeray,  his  family,  home 
life,  public  appearances,  &c.,  an  article  being 
devoted  to  each. 

At  the  end  of  the  number  answers  are  given 
to  the  paper  on  Stevenson  ;  and  Sir  Algernon 
West  sets  another  on  the  letters  and  works  of 
Thackeray. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — JULY. 

MR.  JAMES  G.  COMMIN'S  Exeter  Catalogue  275 
is  devoted  principally  to  books  from  the  library 
of  our  old  contributor  the  late  Dr.  T.  N.  Brush- 
field,  and  opens  with  a  collection  of  publications 
and  original  manuscripts  by  and  relating  to- 
Hawker  of  Morwenstow,  several  of  the  volumes 
having  bibliographical  notes  by  Dr.  Brushfield.. 
The  price  of  the  collection  is  18Z.  Among  letters 
in  Hawker's  characteristic  hand  is  one  dated 
Nov.  10th,  1853,  in  which  he  writes  :  "I  beg  to 
say  that  not  a  trace  of  the  original  Trelawney 
Ballad  beside  the  two  lines  of  the  chorus  which 
are  incorporated  in  my  Song  ever  turned  up." 
In  an  article  in  MS.  he  quotes  the  doorhead 
verse  graven  in  stone  over  the  church  of  Mor- 
wenstow Vicarage  : — 

A  House  :   a  Glebe  :   a  Pound  a  day  : 
A  Pleasant  Place  to  Watch  and  Pray  : 
Be  True  to  Church  :   Be  Kind  to  Poor  : 
O  Minister  !      For  evermore. 

Other  items  in  the  Catalogue  include,  under 
America,  Monardes's  '  Joyfull  Newes  out  of  the 
New-found  Worlde,'  black-letter,  1596,  4Z.  15s. 
(the  concluding  portion,  '  Of  the  Benefit  of  Snow,  *~ 
is  wanting).  Under  Bibliography  is  a  large-paper 
set  of  Pollard's  "  Books  about  Books,"  6  vols., 
31.  10s.  There  are  works  under  Cornwall,  Devon- 
shire, Lancashire,  London,  &c.  Dictionaries 
include  '  The  English  Dialect  Dictionary  '  and 
Farmer  and  Henley's  '  Slang  Dictionary.'  There 
are  a  number  of  Halliwell-Phillipps's  works,  and 
many  curious  old  medical  books. 

Mr.  George  T.  Jwckes  sends  the  "  Special  Corona- 
tion Issue  "  of  his  Catalogue,  and  the  title, 
Bibliotheca  Rariora,  is  fully  justified.  The  pub- 
lications of  the  Essex  House  Press  include  the 
Book  of  Common  Prayer,  1903,  of  which  the 
first  copy  was  pulled  especially  for  Edward  VII., 
77.  7s.  ;  and  Gray's  '  Elegy,'  51.  5s.  Among  the 
Kelmscott  Press  productions  is  Ellen  Terry's 
copy  of  '  The  Earthly  Paradise,'  8  vols.,  with 
book-plate,  150Z.  (the  first  book  printed  on  the 
paper  with  the  apple  watermark).  Other  choice 
specimens  of  the  Kelmscott  Press  are  Keats's 
'  Poems,'  «  The  Golden  Legends,'  and  '  The  Life 


20 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  iv.  JULY  i,  1911. 


and  Death  of  Jason  '  (the  copy  exhibited  at 
Glasgow  as  a  specimen  of  binding).  There  are 
also  four  presentation  copies  from  Morris  with 
his  full  signature  :  '  The  Order  of  Chivalry/ 
'  The  Defence  of  Guenevere,'  '  The  Glittering 
Plain,'  and  '  News  from  Nowhere,'  the  price  of 
the  four  being  1,200Z.  Under  Shakespeare  are 
the  Cambridge  Edition,  40  vols.,  4to,  original 
cloth,  121.  12s.  (only  500  printed)  ;  and  the 
larger  Temple  Edition,  12  vols.,  vellum,  12Z.  12s. 
Under  Spenser  is  the  Japanese-vellum  edition 
of  '  The  Faerie  Queen,'  illustrated  by  Walter 
Crane,  the  complete  set  of  19  parts,  251.  Under 
Tennyson  will  be  found  a  choice  copy  of  '  In 
Memoriam,'  Bankside  Press,  New  York,  crimson 
levant,  51.  5s.  ;  and  the  first  edition,  Moxon, 
1850,  calf,  4:1.  4s.  The  Vale  Press  issues  include 
Shakespeare,  39  vols.,  royal  8vo,  hand-made 
paper,  with  the  new  fount  of  "  Avon  "  type, 
SI.  Ss.  (one  of  310  copies);  Chatterton,  Blake, 
Marlowe,  and  many  others.  Under  Scott  is  the 
Abbotsford  Edition,  12  vols.,  calf,  10Z.  10s. 
Under  Byron  is  Murray's  Library  Edition, 
11  vols.,  'orange  levant,  1833-9,  12Z.  12s.  In 
an  autograph  letter  Wendell  Holmes  thanks 
Mr.  Gell  for  his  "kind  letter  "  and  its  ':  picture 
of  English  life  in  its  sweetest  aspect,  which  will 
last  me  until  the  outer  world  around  me  fades 
from  my  sight."  Mr.  Juckes  also  offers  two 
choice  bookcases,  one  a  Chippendale. 

Messrs.  Maggs's  Catalogue  268  contains  rare 
Books,  Prints,  and  Autographs.  Works  under 
America  include  one  of  the  few  copies  issued 
with  the  plates  in  colour  of  Kingsborough's 
'  Antiquities  of  Mexico,'  9  vols.,  imperial  folio, 
half-morocco,  1831-48,  135Z.  Under  Art  are  the 
Catalogues  of  the  Free  Society  of  Artists,  1760-83 
(those  for  1780  and  1781  in  manuscript),  and 
those  of  the  Society  of  Artists  of  Great  Britain, 
1760-91,  the  whole  inlaid  to  royal  4to,  and  illus- 
trated by  the  late  E.  B.  Jupp  with  about  350 
original  drawings  and  sketches,  including  speci- 
mens of  the  work  of  Sandby,  Nollekens,  Romney, 
Flaxman,  Mcrland,  Gainsborough,  and  other 
artists,  also  about  650  mezzotints  and  100  auto- 
graph letters,  the  whole  bound  in  10  vols.,  475Z. 
Matthew  Arnold's  prize  poem  at  Rugby,  'Alaricat 
Rome,'  is  63Z.  There  is  a  fine  copy  of  the  first 
complete  edition  of  Bacon's  '  Essays,'  small  4to, 
original  calf,  1625,  25Z. ;  also  the  scarce  first  edition 
of  '  The  Advancement  of  Learning,'  small  4to, 
new  levant,  1605,  25Z.,  and  the  '  Novum  Organum,' 
folio,  1620,  levant  by  Riviere,  26Z.  10s.  A  fine 
uncut  set  of  Bewick,  5  vols.,  imperial  8vo,  half- 
morocco,  1805—20,  is  30Z.  There  are  many  fine 
specimens  of  binding.  Under  Blake  is  the 
extremely  rare  original  edition  of  '  Songs  of 
Innocence,'  russia,  1789,  110Z.  Under  Burns  is 
an  uncut  copy  of  the  first  Edinburgh  edition, 
morocco,  25Z.  Under  Byron  is  the  rarest  of 
Byron  first  editions,  '  The  Waltz,'  1813,  published 
.at  3s.,  now  priced  in  crushed  levant  120/.  Messrs. 
Maggs  state  no  copy  has  occurred  for  sale  by 
public  auction  for  many  years.  Under  Carlyle 
is  a  set  of  61  vols.,  all  first  editions,  calf  extra, 
80/.  Under  Cruikshank  is  an  uncut  copy  of 
'  The  Humourist,'  first  edition,  4  vols.,  12mo, 
bound  in  morocco,  with  the  original  covers  at 
the  end,  1819-20,  110Z.  Under  Gray  is  an  uncut 
copy,  in  the  original  wrapper,  of  the  '  Odes,' 
1757,  63Z.  This  was  the  first  book  printed  at 
.Strawberry  Hill.  There  is  also  an  uncut  copy  of 


the  '  Poems,'  Dodsley,  1768,  32Z.  10s.  Under 
Horn  Book  is  a  small  "  battledore "  or  horn 
book  of  brass,  date  1664,  281.  10s.  Under  Mere- 
dith are  original  manuscripts.  The  first  edition  of 
'  The  Dunciad,'  12mo,  levant,  1728,  is  211.  ;  and 
'  Essay  on  Man,'  the  four  parts,  1733-4,  levant, 
18Z.  18s.  Under  Rowlandson  is  a  magnificent 
collection,  12  vols.,  105Z.  Under  Shakespeare  is 
the  Second  Folio,  1632,  one  of  the  tallest  known, 
210Z.  ;  also  the  Fourth  Folio,  and  the  first  edition 
of  '  The  Two  Noble  Kinsmen.'  Under  Spenser 
is  the  first  edition  of  '  Complaints,'  small  4to, 
levant  by  Bedford,  75Z. 

Part  III.  of  the  Catalogue  is  devoted  to  Auto- 
graph Letters  and  MSS.  A  love-letter  of  Burns, 
unpublished,  is  181.  Byron  writes  in  a  letter 
to  Bankes  :  "  You  heard  that  Newstead  is  sold 
— the  sum  of  £140,000  ;  Rochdale  is  also  likely 
to  do  well — so  my  worldly  matters  are  mending." 
Under  Carlyle  is  an  autograph  essay  on  Chatham. 
There  are  letters  of  Coleridge,  De  Quincey,  and 
Dickens.  In  one  as  to  the  free  list  of  '  Little 
Dorrit '  Dickens  expresses  a  wish  "  that  Holds- 
worth  and  John  at  the  H.  W.  Office  "  should  have 
it.  This  interesting  Catalogue  is  fully  illustrated. 

[Notices  of  other  Catalogues  held  over.] 


REV.  W.  J.  LOFTIB. —  The  Guardian  for  last 
week  contained  a  notice  of  the  death  on  16  June 
of  the  Rev.  W.  J.  Loftie,  who  signed  his  con- 
tributions to  '  N.  &  Q.'  sometimes  with  his  full 
name  and  sometimes  with  his  initials.  In 
the  latter  case  the  address  Savile  Club  served  to 
distinguish  his  communications  from  those  of  a 
Dublin  correspondent  with  the  same  initials. 
Mr.  Loftie  put  into  many  guides  and  books  his 
antiquarian  knowledge  of  London. 


10 


We  must  call  special  c  Mention   to    the  following 

notice*  :  — 

ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
Mid  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
communications  which,  for  any  reason,  we  do  not 
print,  and  to  this  rule  we  can  make  no  exception. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  oi 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  '  Notes  and  Queries  '  "—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

M.  L.  R.  B.—  Forwarded. 

C.  McC.  ("  I  'm  the  sweetest  sound  in  orchestra 
heard  ").  —  The  riddle  is  by  Bishop  Samuel  Wilber- 
force.  A  solution  in  verse  is  printed  at  7  S.  i.  517  ; 
but  no  wholly  satisfactory  explanation  is  known. 

CORRIGENDUM.  —  11  S.  iii.  495,  col.  2,  1.  4  from 
foot,  for  "  dubbing  "  read  drubbing. 


us. iv. JULY s, i9iL]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


21 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JULY  8,  1911. 


CONTENTS.-No.  80. 

NOTES  :— William  Makepeace  Thackeray,  21— The  Military 
Canal  at  Sandgate,  23— Battle  on  the  Wey,  24 -Disraeli 
and  Bulwer— '  Pilgrim's  Progress,'  Second  Edition  :  Sup- 
pressed Passage— Grimaldi  as  a  Canary— "Gothamites" 
=Londoners— Eleemosynary  Students  and  German  Uni- 
rersities,  25— Spider  Stories— "But "="  Without"  in  the 
Bible  — "Ultonia"  — Astrology  and  'The  Encyclopaedia 
Britannica'  — "Pale  Beer"— "Gabetin"  —  " The  Rose  of 
Normandy,"  Marylebone  Gardens,  26. 

QUERIES :— Mitres  at  Coronations— ' La  Carmagnole'— 
The  Lotus  and  India— Queen  Elizabeth  at  Bishop's 
Stortford  —  Diderot's  '  Paradoxe  sur  le  ComtSdien ' : 
Garrick,  27— "  Agasonic  "— "  Though  Christ  a  thousand 
times  be  slain  "—Bishop  Fletcher— Robinson  Arms  and 
Motto— Authors  of  Quotations  Wanted—"  Here  sleeps  a 
Youth"— 'St.  Aubin;  or,  The  Infidel,'  28— Limburger 
Cheese  and  Coffin  —'Genealogical  Collections  —  John 
Rustat  — Heraldic  Visitations  — "  O  for  the  life  of  a 
soldier  ! "  —  "  Bursell,"  29  —  '  Alpine  Lyrics '  —  Cardinal 
Allen's  Arms— Apparition  at  Bovingdon,  30. 

REPLIES :— Capt.  Cook  Memorial— The  Cuckoo  and  its 
Call,  30— Cuckoo  Rimes— Thomson,  Bonar  &  Co.,  31— 
Sir  John  Arundel  of  Clerkenwell— Burial  Inscriptions,  32 
—Apparition  at  Pirton,  Herts— Macaulay's  Ancestry— 
'Lizzie  Lindsay,'  33— Sir  Thomas  Makdougall  Brisbane- 
Novel  with  Three  Titles— Book  Inscriptions— Museums 
of  London  Antiquities— "  Taborer's  Inn,"  34—"  Haywra," 
Place-Name—John  Gallot  — Scots  Music— "The  Gag," 
"Guillotine,"  and  "Kangaroo,"  35— Lamb's  'Rosamund 
Gray'— Forbes  of  Skellater— St.  George  and  the  Lamb, 
36  —  'Waverley':  "Clan  of  grey  Fingon"  —  Matthew 
Arnold  on  Hurry— Raikes  Centenary— Figures  rising  from 
the  Dead — Shipdem  Family — Moor,  More,  and  Moory- 
Ground,  37  — Ralph  Piggott,  Catholic  Judge  —  Speaker 
Yelverton— Rags  left  at  Wells,  38. 

NOTES  ON  BOOK£:— 'The  Church  Year  and  Kalendar' 
—Reviews  and  Magazines. 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


WILLIAM   MAKEPEACE  THACKERAY, 
JULY  18TH,  1811-DECEMBEB  24TH,  1863. 

ON  the"  eve  of  Christmas,  1863,  while  I 
was  at  work  in  my  office,  the  whistle  of  the 
speaking  tube  sounded  ;  I  went  to  it,  and 
the  words  came :  "  Thackeray  found  dead 
in  his  bed  this  morning." 

The  suddenness  of  the  event  was  so  start- 
ling that  it  sent  a  thrill  through  the  whole 
world  of  literature,  and  the  grand  old 
English  festival  opened  with  a  note  of 
sadness.  Thackeray's  last  evening  was  spent 
just  as  he  himself  would  have  had  it,  had  he 
known  that  in  the  night  he  would  hear  the 
call  of  the  Master  ;  for  he  was  making  chil- 
dren happy  with  Christmas  games  in  his 
house  at  Kensington.  On  the  evening  of  the 
day  on  which  he  died  he  was  expected  to 
join  a  family  party  for  the  usual  Christmas 


tree  at  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Benzon's.  Lady 
Priestley  in  her  *  Story  of  a  Lifetime ' 
writes  : — 

"  There  was  one  guest  missing ;  his  place 
at  the  table  had  been  laid,  it  was  now  removed ; 
that  guest  was  lying  dead  in  the  pretty  red- 
brick house  he  had  built  for  himself  within  a 
stone's  throw  of  the  festivities  in  which  he  was 
expected  to  take  part,  and  the  news  that 
Thackeray  was  dead '  had  only  arrived  an 
hour  before." 

A  fortnight  previously,  as  related  by  the 
Master  of  Charterhouse,  the  Rev.  Gerald 
Davies,  at  the  commemorative  dinner  in 
the  old  hall  on  Wednesday,  the  28th  of 
June,  Thackeray  had  been  present  on 
Founder's  day,  and  had  spoken  at  the  dinner. 
While  the  Master  was  speaking,  the  chapel 
bell  tolled  the  Curfew,  "as  it  had -tolled, 
but  for  one  long  interval,  every  night  for 
540  years."  Mr.  J.  A.  Foote,  K.C.,  also 
related  how  he  was  present,  then  a  boy 
of  fourteen,  and  did  not  consider  that  the 
novelist  had  made  a  good  speech,  but  was 
consoled  in  after  years  when  he  read  in 
'  The  Roundabout  Papers '  Thackeray's 
own  confession  that  "  he  could  not  make 
a  good  after-dinner  speech,  because  he  never 
could  remember  the  excellent  things  he 
thought  of  in  the  cab." 

Not  only  did  Thackeray  visit  his  old 
school  within  a  fortnight  of  his  death,  but 
The  Times  in  its  notice  on  Christmas  Day 
mentions  his  visit  to  his  club  two  days 
previously,  "  radiant  and  buoyant  with 
glee,  full  of  plans  and  hopes  "  : — 

"  On  Monday  last  he  was  congratulating 
himself  on  having  finished  four  numbers  of  a  new 
novel ;  he  had  the  manuscript  in  his  pocket,  and 
with  a  boyish  frankness -showed  the  last  pages  to 
a  friend,  asking  him  to  read  them  and  see  what 
he  could  make  of  them.  When  he  had  completed 
four  numbers  more,  he  said,  he  would  subject 
himself  to  the  skill  of  a  very  clever  surgeon  and 
be  no  more  an  invalid." 

The  Times,  referring  to  his  early  writings 
does 

"  not  think,  on  the  whole,  as  we  look  back,  that 
if  his  fame  at  that  time  was  unequal  to  his 
merits,  the  public  were  much  to  blame.  The 
very  high  opinion  which  his  friends  entertained 
of  him  must  have  been  due  more  to  personal  inter- 
course than  to  his  published  works.  It  was 
not  until  1846  that  Mr.  Thackeray  fairly  showed 
to  the  world  what  was  in  him.  Then  began  to 
be  published  in  monthly  numbers  the  story  of 
*  Vanity  Fair.'  It  took  London  by  surprise.  The 
picture  was  so  true,  the  satire  was  so  trenchant, 
the  style  was  so  finished.  It  is  difficult  to  say 
which  of  these  three  works  is  the  best,  '  Vanity 
Fair,'  '  Henry  ^Esmond,'  or  '  The  Newcomes.' 
Men  of  letters  may  give  their  preference  to  the 
second  of  these,  which  indeed  is  the  most  polished 
of  all  his  works.  But  there  is  a  vigour  in  the  first- 


22: 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        m  s.  iv.  JULY  s,  mi. 


mentioned,  and  a  matured  beauty  in  the  last, 
which  to  the  throng  of  readers  will  be  more 
attractive.  At  first  reading,  '  Vanity  Fair  ' 
has  given  to  many  an  impression  that  the  author 
is  too  cynical.  There  was  no  man  less  ill-natured 
than  Mr.  Thackeray,  and  if  anybody  doubts 
this,  we  refer  him  to  '  The  Newcomes,'  and  ask 
whether  that  book  could  be  written  by  any  but 
a  most  kind-hearted  man.  We  believe  that  one 
of  the  greatest  miseries  which  Mr.  Thackeray 
had  to  endure  grew  out  of  the  sense  that  he,  one 
of  the  kindest  of  men,  was  regarded  as  an  ill- 
n.atured  cynic," 

It  is  curious,  as  a  reminiscence  of  Thack- 
eray's early  days,  to  find  Sir  Henry  Cole 
in  his  '  Fifty  Years  of  Public  Life  '  (pp.  144-5) 
recommending  Thackeray  in  these  terms 
for  employment  to  the  Anti-Corn-Law 
agitators  : — 

"  The  artist  is  a  genius,  both  with  his  pencil 
and  his  pen.  His  vocation  is  literary.  He  would 
like  to  combine  both  writing,  and  drawing 
when  sufficiently  primed,  and  then  he  would  write 
and  illustrate  ballads,  or  tales,  or  anything." 

Two  illustrations  are  given  by  Cole. 
The  designs  were  suggested  by  Cobden. 
A  note  states  that  the  first  of  these  cuts  was 
printed  in  No.  8  of  The  Anti-Corn  Law 
Circular,  July  23rd,  1839,  and  the  second 
in  No.  18,  December  10th,  1839.  "They 
were  not  republished  in  the  volume  of  Thack- 
eray drawings ....  These  engravings  are  rare, 
but  can  be  seen  in  the  British  Museum." 

In  reference  to  Thackeray's  cynicism, 
The  Athcnccum  in  its  obituary  notice,  which 
appeared  on  the  2nd  of  January,  1864, 
attributes  it  in  some  measure  to  his  early 
contributions  to  Fraser's  Magazine  : — 

"  It  may  have  been  that,  to  suit  the  tone  of  that 
periodical,  which  was  at  that  time  sarcastic  and 
unscrupulous,  he  exaggerated  a  humour  for  banter 
and  indifference,  occasional  personality,  and 
too  habitual  a  resolution  to  look  upon  the*  seamy 
side  of  life  and  manners,  which,  if  not  born  with 
him,  certainly  grew  into  marking  characteristics 
'•f  his  style  and  purpose  as  an  author." 

However,  his  close  connexion  with  the 
many  and  powerful  men  who  established 
Punch  had  a  good  influence  ;  they  "  could 
hit  as  hard  as  the  best  among  the  Maginns 
and  Lockharts — though  let  it  not  be  for- 
gotten with  meanings  as  generous  as  those 
of  the  Frascr  squadron  were  otherwise." 

Although  a  prominent  member  of  the 
staff  of  Regina,  Thackeray  did  not  attain 
the  honour  of  separate  portraitship  in  the 
'  Gallery.'  He  has,  however,  a  place  in 
the  cartoon  of  the  "  Fraserians  "  which 
appeared  in  the  number  for  January, 
1835,  and  a  copy  of  which  is  now  in  my 
hand.  To  repair  this  omission  Mr.  William 
Bates  in  '  The  Maclise  Gallery,'  published 
by  Chatto  &  Windus  in  1873,  and  now  very 


scarce,  gives  a  reproduction  of  the  portrait 
belonging  to  his  favourite  club,  the  Garrick, 

Whether  the  Fraser  connexion  influenced 
his  writings  or  not,  all  who  know  the  cir- 
cumstances of  his  life  must  admire  the  stout- 
hearted way  in  which  he  bore  the  great 
sorrow  which  cast  a  perpetual  shadow  on 
his  home.  The  affliction  from  which  his 
beloved  wife  suffered  could  never  be  out 
of  his  memory  ;  she  survived  him  for  nearly 
thirty  years.  Their  short  married  life 
together  had  been  perfectly  happy,  and 
though  his  "  marriage  was  a  wreck,"  he 
had  such  an  affection  for  her  that  "  he  was 
prepared  to  do  it  over  again."  Very  pathetic 
are  the  references  to  her  in  the  '  Dictionary 
of  National  Biography,'  as  well  as  to  his 
affection  for  his  two  daughters — Anne 
Isabella,  now  Lady  Ritchie,  and  Harriet 
Marian,  who  in  1867  married  Leslie  Stephen, 
and  died  on  the  28th  of  November, 
1875.  These  passages  show  him  in  quite 
a  different  light  from  that  in  which  he  was 
regarded  by  so  many  during  his  lifetime, 
who  looked  upon  him  as  cynical  and  over- 
bearing. 

These  glimpses  into  his  home  life  fill  us 
with  regret  that  Thackeray's  strict  injunc- 
tions that  no  biography  of  him  should 
be  written  have  prevented  his  daughter 
Lady  Ritchie  from  giving  to  the  world  a 
biography  which  would  no  doubt  have  been 
to  her  a  labour  of  love,  and  would  have 
shown  how  greatly  he  was  misunderstood 
by  many  who  came  in  contact  with  him. 
Those  who  knew  him  well,  however,  could 
form  with  him  the  choicest  friendship. 
His  personal  appearance  and  manners  on 
first  acquaintance  caused  him  to  be  regarded 
as  aggressive. 

I  well  remember  his  presence  at  the 
burial  of  Macaulay  in  Poets'  Corner  on  the 
9th  of  January,  1860.  There  he  stood  head 
and  shoulders  above  all  the  other  mourners. 
Charlotte  Bronte,  after  she  had  long  gazed 
in  silence  at  the  portrait  by  Lawrence, 
exclaimed,  "  And  there  came  up  a  Lion  out 
of  Judah  "  ;  and  Mr.  W.  L.  Courtney  in 
his  valuable  article  which  appeared  in  The 
Daily  Telegraph  on  the  26th  of  last  month 
said  :  "In  many  respects  he  was  like  a  big 
boy,  a  giant  of  6  feet  3  with  the  soul  of  a 
child."  His  brain  was  very  large,  weighing 
no  less  than  58 J  ounces.  Sir  Richmond 
Thackeray  Ritchie  relates,  in  the  biography 
which  appears  in  '  Chambers' s  Encyclo- 
paedia,' that  when  Thackeray  was  a  child 
of  five  his  aunt  Mrs.  Ritchie  was  surprised 
to  find  that  her  husband's  hat  fitted  the 
little  boy.  In  the  life  of  Tennyson  his  son. 


us. iv. JULY s,  1911. j         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


records,  "  My  father  grew  to  know  Thackeray 
well,  and  would  call  him  a  lovable  man  "  ; 
and  he  gives  a  characteristic  anecdote  of  him. 
The  two  friends  had  been  dining  together, 
and  Tennyson  had  said  :  "  I  love  Catullus 
for  his  perfection  in  form  and  for  his  tender- 
ness ;  he  is  tenderest  of  Roman  poets." 
Thackeray  answered  :  "  I  do  not  rate 
him  highly  ;  I  could  do  better  myself." 
The  next  morning  Tennyson  received  an 
apology  from  his  friend,  who 
"  woke  at  two  o'clock,  and  in  a  sort  of  terror 
at  a  certain  speech  I  had  made  about  Catullus. 
When  I  have  dined,  sometimes  I  believe  myself 
to  be  equal  to  the  greatest  painters  and  poets. 
That  delusion  goes  off,  arid  then  I  know  what  a 
small  fiddle  mine  is,  and  what  small  tunes  I 
play  on  it.  It  was  very  generous  of  you  to  give 
me  an  opportunity  of  recalling  a  silly  speech  ; 
but  at  the  time  I  thought  I  was  making  a  perfectly 
simple  and  satisfactory  observation." 

Tennyson  said  of  this  letter:  "It  was 
impossible  to  have  written  in  a  more 
generous  spirit.  No  one  but  a  noble- 
hearted  man  could  have  written  such  a 
letter."  On  Thackeray's  appointment  to 
The  Corrihill  we  find  him  at  once  writing 
to  "  My  dear  old  Alfred." 

It  is  sad  that  the  same  unbroken  friend- 
ship cannot  be  recorded  of  his  distinguished 
brother  novelist  Dickens,  though  it  was 
Dickens' s  loyalty  to  another  friend  which 
caused  the  terrible  breach.  Pleasant,  indeed, 
is  it  to  remember  that  they  were  reconciled 
before  the  final  parting.  Lady  Priestley, 
from  whose  most  interesting  work  I  have 
already  quoted,  received  the  following 
account  of  the  reconciliation  from  her  oldest 
friend  Sir  Theodore  Martin,  who  was  an  eye- 
witness (pp.  71—2)  : — 

"  Late  in  the  autumn  of  the  year  in  which 
Thackeray  died  (1863)  I  was  standing  talking 
to  him  in  the  hall  of  the  Athena3um,  when  Dickens 
came  out  of  the  room  where  he  had  been  reading 
the  morning  papers,  and,  passing  close  to  us  with- 
out making  any  sign  of  recognition,  crossed  the 
hall  to  the  stairs  that  led  up  to  the  library. 
Suddenly  Thackeray  broke  away  from  me,  and 
overtook  Dickens  just  as  he  had  reached  the  foot 
of  the  staircase.  Dickens  turned  to  him,  and 
I  saw  Thackeray  speak,  and  presently  hold  out 
his  hand  to  Dickens.  They  shook  hands,  a 
few  words  were  exchanged,  and  immediately 
Thackeray  returned  to  me,  saying  :  '  I  am  glad 
I  have  done  this.  I  said,'  he  continued,  '  "  It 
is  time  this  foolish  estrangement  should  cease, 
and  that  we  should  be  to  each  other  as  we  used 
to  be.  Come,  shake  hands  !  "  Dickens,  he 
said,  seemed  at  first  rather  taken  aback,  but  he 
held  out  his  hand,  and  some  friendly  words  were 
exchanged.  '  I  loved  the  man,'  said  Thackeray, 
'  and  could  not  resist  this  impulse.'  " 

A  few  weeks  after,  Dickens  was  standing 
by  the  open  grave  of  the  friend  from  whom 
he  had  been  so  long  estranged. 


The  large-hearted  Thackeray  truly  carried 
out  in  his  own  life  the  words  he  had  written, 
to  his  friend  Synge  so  far  back  as  1852 :  — 

BEHOLD  LOVE  IS  THE  CROWN  AND  COM- 
PLETION OF  ALL  EARTHLY  GOOD. 

I  hope  I  may  be  pardoned  for  adding  that 
the  18th  of  this  month  has  for  myself  a 
special  significance,  for  it  is  the  cen- 
tenary of  my  father's  birth  as  well  as  of 
Thackeray's.  JOHN  COLLINS  FRANCIS. 

(To  be  concluded.]  J 


THE  MILITARY  CANAL  AT  SANDGATE. 
(See  10  S.  xii.  228,  334,  377.) 

THE  following  occurs  in  Fortescue's  '  History 
of  the  Army,'  vol.  v.  p.  233  : — 

"  One  costly  work  may,  however,  perhaps  be- 
ascribed  to  the  French  General  [Dumouriez],. 
namely,  the  military  canal  from  Hythe  to  Sand- 
gate.  This  was  made  in  order  to  isolate  the- 
Romney  marshes,  where,  according  to  Dumouriez, 
an  invading  force  could  otherwise  have  secured 
all  the  cattle  and  horses  which  fed  on  the 
marshes." 

A  foot-note  adds  : — 

"  But  it  appears  from  a  letter  from  the  Com- 
mander-in-Chief  to  the  Duke  of  Richmond  that 
the  canal,  with  its  ultimate  extension  to  Cliff 
End  in  Sussex,  was  suggested  by  Sir  David  Dundas ,. 
H.O.  Internal  Defence,  Duke  of  Richmond  to 
C.-in-C.,  13  Nov.,  C.-in-C  to  Duke  of  Richmond* 
19  Nov.,  1806." 

The  Kentish  Gazette,  11  Sept.,  1804, 
states  : — 

"  On  Thursday  last  Mr.  Pitt,  accompanied  by 
Generals  Twiss  and  Moore,  met  the  Lords  and 
Bailiffs  of  the  Level  of  Romney  Marsh,  at  New- 
hall  near  Dymchurch,  to  consider  of  the  best 
mode  of  inundating  the  Marsh  in  case  of  invasion, 
when  it  was  determined  that,  on  the  appearance 
of  the  enemy  on  the  coast,  the  sluices  should  be 
opened,  to  admit  the  sea  so  as  to  fill  the  dykes, 
which  might  be  accomplished  in  one  tide,  and  in 
case  of  actual  invasion  remain  open  another  tide, 
which  would  be  sufficient  to  inundate  the  whole' 
level.  The  wall  of  course  would  not  be  injured, 
as  the  space  of  24  hours  will  be  fully  sufficient  for 
the  intended  effect." 

In  The  Kentish  Gazette,  19  Oct.,  1804,  the  . 
Royal  Military  Canal  scheme  was  ventilated, 
viz.,  a  canal  between  Shorncliff  Battery  and 
the  Rother  near  Rye. 

On  26  October  there  is  a  report  of  a  special  • 
meeting    of    the    Surveyor,    Lords,    Baylif, 
and  Jurats  convened  and  holden  at  Newhall, 
Dymchurch,  on  Wednesday,  the  24th,  when 
it  was  resolved  : — 

"1.  It  is  the  opinion  of  this  meeting  that  the 
proposed  canal  will  not  be  injurious  to  the  lands 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         rii  s.  iv.  JULY  s,  1911. 


within  the  levels,  and  that  it  will  be  attended 
with  advantage  to  the  country,  by  draining  parts 
of  the  levels  which  are  now  subject  to  floods. 

"2.  It  is  the  opinion  of  this  meeting  that  it 
be  recommended  to  the  several  proprietors  of 
lands  within  the  levels  to  put  the  persons  author- 
ized by  the  Government  into  the  immediate  pos- 
session of  the  lands  necessary  for  the  purpose  of 
the  proposed  canal  and  road,  and  to  leave  the 
amount  of  the  compensation  to  be  paid  to  the 
several  owners  and  occupiers  to  be  afterwards 
settled  by  a  jury,  to  be  summoned  within  six 
months  from  this  day." 

Sir  John  Honywood  was  the  chairman  ; 
and  Mr.  Pitt,  Sir  D.  Dundas,  Major-General 
Moore,  and  Col.  Brown  of  the  Quarter- 
master-General's Department  were  present. 

A  further  report  in  The  Kentish  Gazette 
of  30  October  refers  to  the  meeting  on  the 
24th,  when  Mr.  Pitt  explained  in  the  clearest 
manner  the  object  of  the  meeting,  stated 
how  this  great  work  would  affect  the  lands 
in  the  Marsh,  and  cited  Mr.  Coleman, 
Expenditor  of  the  Marsh,  a  person  whose 
age  and  experience  entitled  his  information 
to  respect.  The  resolution  being  passed, 
the  meeting  adjourned,  and  Mr.  Pitt  re- 
turned to  Walmer  Castle. 

li.  J.  FYNMOEE. 

Sandgate. 


BATTLE   ON  THE   WEY  : 

CARPENTER,  CRESSINGHAM,  AND 

ROWE   FAMILIES. 

I  HAVE  temporarily  in  my  possession 
two  documents,  which  were  found  recently 
among  the  papers,  &c.,  belonging  to  Francis 
Coryndon  Carpenter  Rowe,  who  died  1898, 
aged  38,  son  of  the  late  Sir  William  Rowe 
of  Trebursye,  Launceston. 

The  older  of  the  documents  is  endorsed 
"  Carpenter  Arms."  Parts  of  it — e.g.,  the 
description  of  the  arms  and  the  proper 
names— are  in  red  ink.  It  is  a  little  worn 
and  mutilated.  Probably  some  one  or 
two  lines  have  been  cut  from  the  foot. 

The  other  is  apparently  a  later  version, 
in  which  there  are  evident  inaccuracies, 
e.g.,  Christa  for  Crista,  and  DCCLXXIV. 
appears  for  MCCLXXIV.  This  later  docu- 
ment is  endorsed  : — 

"  A  Copy  of  a  Writing  on  Parchment  in  the 
Possession  of  Coryndon  Howe  of  Launceston  in 
Cornwall,  Surgeon,  who  married  Ann,  the 
Daughter  of  Wm.  Carpenter,  late  of  the  same 
place,  D.D.,  deced." 

As  the  text  and  the  signatures  are  apparently 
written  by  one  hand,  it  is  probably  a  copy 
of  a  copy. 


If  we  supply  one  word  "  and  "  torn  away, 
between  "  Cashell  "  and  •"  Richard,"  near 
the  end,  and  the  Latin  quotation,  from  the 
second  version,  the  older  document  reads 
as  follows  : 

"  Scutum  Gentilitium  Paludamentum  et 
Crista  Cognominis  Carpender  or  Carpenter  thus 
blazoned  Partie  per  pale  indented  Or  and  Azure 
An  Eagle  Counterchang'd  of  the  first  and  second 
An  Helmet  befitting  the  Degree,  A  Wreath  of  the 
Colours  &c.  This  Name  had  its  Original  Ah 
Ofncio  non  Artis  sed  Ingenii  (as  Fordon  relates 
it)  about  the  year  MCCLXXIV  from  the  cunning 
Contrivance  of  Hugh  Cressingham  of  Abbington 
in  Berkshire  Who  cutt  a  Bridge  upon  the  Wey  so 
dextrously  that  It  was  not  perceived  by  any, 
He  having  a  Pin,  whereunto  he  clandestinely 
fastened  in  a  Cradle,  Expecting  the  Blast  of  a 
Horn,  which  was  a  Sign  that  half  the  Army  was 
over  the  Bridge,  which  he  performed  so  coura- 
geously that  those  upon  the  Bridge  were  drown'd, 
<fc  their  Army  divided,  so  that  one  Party  might 
see  the  other  routed,  and  not  be  able  to  assist 
them :  The  River  being  betwixt  them  :  Which 
in  all  Probability  might  have  fallen  out  otherwise, 
the  Enemy  being  thrice  their  Number.  By 
WThich  means  the  English  gained  the  Victory 
over  the  Welsh,  and  the  said  Hugh  surnamed 
Carpenter,  and  had  for  his  Crest  (as  Forden  saith) 
Manum  dextram  armatam  Clavum  ligneum 
tenentem,  and  he  further  adds  Filius  ejus  Johannes 
Carpenter  eadem  Insignia  in  Scuto  sed  Cristam 
alteram  portavit.  Many  of  the  Vulgar  have 
taken  the  Arms  of  the  Company  of  Carpenters 
for  their  own  Arms,  and  so  lie  under  a  Mistake. 
This  Hugh  married  Anna  Barton  and  had  Issue 
John  Carpenter  a  Companion  of  Piers  Gaveston 
in  the  Reign  of  King  Edward  II.  and  accompanied 
him  to  Ireland,  but  did  not  return  with  him,  But 
remained  there  and  married  a  Daughter  of  Donald 
Fitzgerald  and  had  Issue  Thomas,  George, 
Richard  and  EdAvard  Carpenter  Who  came  all 
over  to  England  in  the  Beginning-  of  the  Reign 
of  King  Edward  III.  and  Richard  accompanied 
him  through  all  his  Wars  with  France  ;  Thomas 
married  Anna  Cecil  and  lived  in  Essex.  George 
was  Abbott  of  Kilkenny  in  Ireland  and  afterwards 
came  to  be  Archbishop  of  Cashell  and  Richard  was 
a  Commander  under  Henry  IV.  Si  quid  novisti 
— Rectius  istis  Candidus  Imperti  si  non  His 
utere  mecum." 

At  the  end  of  No.  2,  from  which  I  have 
supplied  the  missing  word  "  and  "  as  well 
as  the  Latin  quotation,  appears 

A  True  Copy,  examined  by)™      nc;     fH 
and  verified  on  the  oath  of/btep  ^pettigue. 

Sworn  at     Launceston,   in  Cornwall) 
the  20th  day  of  August  1808.  Before/ 

Wm  Rowe.  Justice. 

I    am    far    from    sure     about     the     name 
"  Spettigue." 

I  shall  be  grateful  if  any  correspondent 
will  give  me  information  concerning  the 
incident  in  Wales,  when  Hugh  Cressingham 
cut  the  bridge  over  the  Wey,  or  anything 
connected  with  the  family  history  given 
above.  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 


n  s.  iv.  JULY  s,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


DISRAELI  AND  BULWER. — I  have  dis- 
covered three  mistakes  about  Bulwer  (after- 
wards Lord  Lytton)  in  Mr.  Monypenny's 
'  Life  of  Lord  Beaconsfield,'  two  of  which 
are  Disraeli's,  whilst  the  third  is  presum- 
ably Mr.  Monypenny's. 

On  p.  124  Disraeli  says  : — 

"  Just  at  the  commencement  of  the  spring  of 
1830,  if  spring  it  could  be  called,  I  made  the 
acquaintance  of  Lytton  Bulwer  and  dined  with 
him  at  his  house  in  Hertford  Street.  He  was  just 
married  or  about  just  married  :  a  year  or  two. 
We  were  both  of  us  then  quite  youths  ;  about 
f  our-and-twenty . ' ' 

As  Bulwer  was  born  in  1803  and  Disraeli 
in  1804,  it  follows  that  Bulwer  completed 
his  twenty-seventh  year,  and  Disraeli  his 
twenty-sixth,  in  1830.  But  they  were  really 
acquainted  before  that  year,  for  the  '  Life 
of  Lord  Lytton  '  by  his  son  shows  that  they 
were  corresponding  early  in  1829,  when 
Bulwer's  home  was  a  house  called  Woodcot 
in  Oxfordshire,  whither  he  had  gone  after 
his  marriage  on  29  August,  1827.  In  a 
letter  of  26  July,  1829,  Bulwer  tells 
Disraeli  that  his  lease  of  Woodcot  will 
expire  on  24  August,  after  which  his  address 
will  be  36,  Hertford  Street. 

Writing  to  Lady  Blessington  on  12  Janu- 
ary, 1837,  Disraeli  says  : — 

"  I  am  sorry  about  B.'s  play  ;  I  would  not 
write  to  him  as  I  detest  sympathy  save  with  good 
fortune ....  From  the  extracts  which  have  met 
my  eye  the  play  seems  excellent." 

A  foot-note  to  this  (on  p.  344)  says  that  the 
play  was  '  The  Lady  of  Lyons,'  but  that 
is  impossible,  as  that  play  was  not  written 
till  1838  ;  but  in  January,  1837,  '  The 
Duchess  de  la  Valliere  '  was  played  for  a 
few  nights  and  then  had  to  be  withdrawn 
as  a  failure.  W.  A.  FROST. 

16,  Amwell  Street,  B.C. 

'  PILGRIM'S  PROGRESS,'  SECOND  EDITION, 
1678  :  SUPPRESSED  PASSAGE. — In  the  Lon- 
don Nation  of  13  May  a  long  piece  of  narrative 
is  cited,  which  is  said  to  have  formed  part 
of  the  second  edition  of  Bunyan's  master- 
piece, of  which,  however,  only  one  copy 
remains.  One  passage  in  particular  is 
rather  difficult  to  understand  on  first  reading 
it : — 

"As  he  [Christian]  struggled  with  one  of  the 
branches,  he  became  entangled  with  a  briar,  and 
a  thorn  fixed  itself  in  him.  It  might  have  been 
alive,  for  as  he  tried  to  free  himself,  it  dragged 
his  clothes  from  his  body,  and  then  tore  a  deep 
gash  in  his  side.  Christian  could  not[?]  see  right 
into  him,  and  was  amazed  to  find  there  was  no 
heart  in  the  hole  ;  but  in  place  of  a  heart  there 
were  cogged  wheels  of  brass,  which  revolved 
with  a  clicking  noise  at  a  great  rate." 


According  to  the  'N.E.D.,'  "him"  was 
used  for  "it"  in  the  objective  case  down 
to  the  seventeenth  century,  though  the  last 
example  there  given  is  no  later  than  1612. 
"  Heart  "  in  the  concluding  sentence  does 
not  express  the  author's  meaning  with  good 
effect ;  while  the  general  description  has 
much  of  the  obscurity  of  certain  parts  of  the 
Apocalypse.  In  all  subsequent  editions 
the  entire  passage  is  said  to  have  been  sup- 
pressed. N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

GRIMALDI  AS  A  CANARY. — The  following 
description,  which  is  taken  from  a  letter  of 
"S.  G.  O."  in  The  Times,  I  January,  1849, 
seems  too  good  to  be  lost : — 

"  When  Grimaldi  used  to  come  on  the  stage  as 
a  canary  bird  in  full  plumage,  well  can  I  recollect 
the  ecstasy  of  every  schoolboy  who  looked  upon 
him.  When  he  shook  his  wings,  there  was 
laughter  ;  when  he  began  to  clean  his  breast- 
feathers  with  his  beak,  there  was  much  laughter  ; 
when  he  took  up  the  gigantic  piece  of  groundsel 
in  his  claw,  and  then  began  to  peck  it  with  true 
canary  relish,  the  laughter  was  tremendous  and 
prolonged.  It  might  have  been  the  day  before 
the  dreaded  annual  visit  to  the  dentist ;  it  might 
have  been  the  very  last  night  of  the  holidays  : 
all  of  the  future  or  the  present  was  merged  in  the 
one  delicious  sense  of  schoolboy  enjoyment  of 
fun." 

RICHARD  H.  THORNTON. 

36,  Upper  Bedford  Place,  W.C. 

"  GOTHAMITES  "^LONDONERS. In     these 

days  the  citizens  of  New  York  are  apt  to  be 
referred  to  by  their  comic  journals  as 
"  Gothamites,"  in  memory  of  "the  Wise  Men 
of  Gotham "  of  old  English  legend.  But 
a  couple  of  centuries  ago  those  of  London 
were  apt  thus  to  be  alluded  to,  as  is  evident 
from  the  following  advertisement,  which 
appeared,  on  the  eve  of  the  general  election 
caused  by  the  death  of  George  I.,  in  The 
Daily  Post  of  13  July,  1727  :— 

"  This  is  to  give  Notice,  that  there  will  soon  be 
a  General  Meeting  of  the  Positive  Goathamites 
for  Nominating  such  worthy  Persons  to  their. 
Representatives,  as  will  exert  their  best  Endea- 
vours against  the  Use  of  Common  Sense  in  all 
Political  Affairs. 

"  P.S.  Likewise  a  full  and  true  Account  of 
some  late  Suffrages  of  these  Wise  Men  of  Goatham 
will  be  published  in  the  L — d — n  J — rn — I  of 
Saturday  next." 

ALFRED  F.  ROBBINS. 

ELEEMOSYNARY  STUDENTS  AND  GERMAN 
UNIVERSITIES. — In  his  new  work  entitled 
'  La  Renaissance  Tcheque '  my  honoured 
Slavophil  friend  Prof.  Louis  Leger  alludes 
to  a  custom  or  understanding  recog- 
nized in  German  universities,  perhaps  in 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [11  s.  iv.  JULY  s,  1911. 


those  of  other  countries.  Referring  to  the 
early  struggling  days  at  Jena  of  the  eminent 
Bohemian  antiquary  Shafarik,  Prof.  Leger 
observes  : — 

"  II  £tait  admis  que  les  6tudiants  pauvres 
pouvaient  mendier  en  route  chez  les  pasteurs, 
les  professeurs,  les  hauts  fonctionnaires,  et  leur 
r^clamer  une  hospitalittf  qui  6tait  bien  rarement 
refused." 

I  am  not  aware  of  any  similar  understanding 
among  members  of  universities  in  Great 
Britain.  FRANCIS  P.  MARCHANT. 

SPIDER  STORIES. — The  following  stories 
relating  to  spiders  are  interesting  ;  we  should 
have  them,  however,  on  better  authority 
before  we  accept  them  without  reserve  : — 

"  The  sexton  of  the  church  of  St.  Eustace  at 
Paris,  amazed  to  find  frequently  a  particular 
lamp  extinct  early,  and  yet  the  oil  consumed 
•only,  sat  up  several  nights  to  perceive  the  cause. 
At  length  he  discovered  that  a  spider  of  surpassing 
size  came  down  the  cord  to  drink  the  oil.  A  still 
more  extraordinary  instance  of  the  same  kind 
occurred  during  the  year  1751  in  the  Cathedral 
of  Milan.  A  vast  spider  was  observed  there, 
which  fed  on  the  oil  of  the  lamps.  M.  Morland 
of  the  Academy  of  Sciences  has  described  this 
spider,  and  furnished  a  drawing  of  it.  It  weighed 
four  pounds,  and  was  sent  to  the  Emperor  of 
Austria,  and  is  now  in  the  Imperial  Museum  at 
Vienna." — Sporting  Magazine,  1821,  vol.  viii. 
N.S.,  p.  289. 

N.  M.  &  A. 

"  BUT  "  =  "  WITHOUT  "  IN  THE  BIBLE. — 
The  "  but  "  of  Amos  hi.  7  has  been  explained 
as  being  equal  to  "without"  or  "unless." 
It  seems  strange  that  if  this,  which  I  do  not 
question,  is  correct,  the  nineteenth-century 
Revisers  of  the  A.V.  left  the  passage  in  its 
archaic  obscurity.  To  my  thinking,  1  Cor. 
vii.  4  has  a  twofold  need  of  like  emendation. 
As  a  sometime  member  of  the  Revision 
•Committee  wrote  :  "  It.  .  .  .occurred  to  me 
that  with  all  their  Greek  my  colleagues  knew 
very  little  English ....  It  is  hardly  worth 
while  to  abandon  one  imperfect  version 
for  the  sake  of  another."  ST.  SWITHIN. 

"  ULTONIA." — An  Italian  friend  asked  me 
to  inform  him  what  part  of  Great  Britain 
was  understood  in  mediaeval  times  by  the 
Latin  form  Ultonia.  A  search  through  the 
usual  channels  of  information  had  no  result 
until  I  turned  to  the  B.M.  '  Catalogue  of 
Printed  Books,'  where,  in  an  indirect  fashion, 
I  stumbled,  under  the  heading  '  Ulstermen  ' 
and  *  Ulster  Annals  '  on  *  The  Intoxication 
of  the  Ultonians '  and  the  '  Annales 
Ultonienses.' 

A  note  of  the  solution  of  my  difficulties 
may  be  of  service  to  other  inquirers. 

WILLIAM  MERCER. 


ASTROLOGY  AND  '  THE  ENCYCLOPAEDIA 
BRITANNICA.' — In  an  article  on  '  Astrology  ' 
in  the  new  (eleventh)  edition  of  *  The 
Encyclopaedia  Britannica '  we  read  (vol.  ii. 
p.  799)  :  "  Gustavus  Adolphus,  it  is  well 
known,  was  born  in  Finland.  ..." 

Under  Gustavus  Adolphus  (vol.  xii.  p.  735) 
we  read  that  he  "  was  born  at  Stockholm 
castle  on  the  9th  of  December,  1594." 

The  point  is  of  some  interest  in  its  bearing 
upon  the  accuracy  of  an  astrological  pre- 
diction by  Tycho  Brahe,  but  there  are  other 
flaws  in  the  supposed  correspondence  of  this 
with  facts,  as  I  have  shown  in  another  place. 
See  The  Observatory,  vol.  xxxiii,  p.  247. 

W.  T.  LYNN. 

Blackheath. 

"  PALE  BEER." — "  Pale  ale  "  has  long 
been  a  familiar  term,  but  the  variant 
"  pale  beer  "  is  by  no  means  so  well  known. 
I  find  it,  however,  in  an  announcement,  in 
Read's  Weekly  Journal,  or  British  Gazetteer, 
of  14  December,  1751,  that  there  had 

died  at  his  House  in  Bunhill  Fields,  Mr.  John 
Pelah,  a  Pale  Beer  Brewer,  who  by  his  Industry, 
had  acquired  a  handsome  Fortune,  with  a  Fair 
Character." 

A.  F.  R. 

"  GABETIN." — I  have  on  several  occasions 
lieard  this  word  (pronounced  "  gab-eet-in  ") 
used  by  country  persons  of  (near)  Tonbridge, 
Kent,  to  denote  a  Workman's  "  overall  " 
coat.  Doubtless  it  is  a  corruption  of 
"  gabardine."  As  the  word  does  not  form 
part  of  the  common  vocabulary  of  the 
working  classes,  it  seems  strange  to  find 
it  in  almost  ordinary  use  with  illiterate 
country  people.  R.  VAUGHAN  GOWER. 

Ferndale  Lodge,  Tmibridge  Wells. 

"  THH  ROSE  OF  NORMANDY,"  MARYLE- 
BONE  GARDENS. — A  diary  now  before  me 
provides  a  useful  record  in  the  following 
entry  :— 

"  Sunday,  8  March,  1846 One  of  the  oldest 

houses  in  St.  31ary-le-bone,  viz.,  the  '  Rose  of 
Normandy  '  public  house,  32,  High  Street, 
between  BoAvlhig  Street  and  Devonshire  Street, 
is  now  being  pulled  down  to  be  rebuilt.  It  was 
a  fine  old  house  which  stood  back  from  the  street, 
and  [on  entering  you]  went  down  some  stone  steps 
two  stones  high — the  back  whereof  was  formerly 
Marylebone  Gardens.  Adieu  to  relics." 

This  slightly  corrects  the  date  of  demoli- 
tion ("1848-50")  given  by  Mr.  Warwick 
Wroth  ('  London  Pleasure  Gardens  '). 

The  writer  was  C.  Bryceson,  then  a  junior 
clerk  at  Messrs.  Lea's  coal  wharf,  Pimlico. 
ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 


ii  s.  iv.  JULY  s,  i9ii.]         NOTES  AND  Q  U  ERIES. 


(gttmis* 

WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 

MITRES  AT  CORONATIONS. — For  several 
Coronations  now — I  think  from  that  of 
George  II. — no  bishops  have  worn  the  mitre. 
Even  on  that  occasion  the  mitres  were 
carried  in  the  hand,  not  worn  on  the  head. 
I  am  anxious  to  know  whether  any  of  these 
mitres  are  still  in  existence.  A  very  old 
clergyman  told  me  that  his  father  recollected 
being  shown  a  "  Coronation  mitre,"  as  he 
called  it,  at  Norwich  Cathedral  some  time 
in  the  fifties.  I  do  not  think,  however, 
that  it  is  still  there.  Dr.  Pusey  is  said  to 
have  possessed  a  mitre  worn  by  one  of  the 
Nonjuring  bishops  ;  and  at  an  exhibition 
of  ecclesiastical  ornaments  in  New  York 
some  years  ago  I  saw  a  mitre  of  black  velvet 
with  a  gilt  embroidered  cross  on  it,  said  to 
have  been  worn  by  an  archbishop  of  Canter- 
bury at  the  Coronation  of  some  king  whose 
name  I  cannot  for  the  moment  remember. 
One  would  imagine  that  at  least  one  out  of 
all  the  mitres  worn  at  Coronations  previous 
to  that  of  George  II.  would  have  survived, 
if  not  in  a  cathedral,  perhaps  in  the  family 
of  the  bishop  wearing  it. 

FREDERICK  T.  HIBGAME. 

,'  LA  CARMAGNOLE.'  —  On  Wednesday, 
21  June,  the  day  preceding  the  Coronation, 
I  listened  to  the  band  of  a  regiment  marching 
to  its  encampment  in  Regent's  Park,  and 
noticed  that  it  played  '  La  Carmagnole,' 
the  celebrated  fierce  revolutionary  hymn, 
of  which  the  opening  words  are  : — 

Madam'  Veto  avait  prom  is 
De  faire  egorger  tout  Paris 
A  son  coup  elle  a  manque", 
Grace  &  nos  canonniers. 

Dansoiis  la  Carmagnole,  &c. 

I  have  heard  these  words  sung  many 
years  ago  by  aged  Frenchmen,  witnesses 
of  the  Revolution,  to  the  air  which  I  heard 
the  other  day  played  before  loyal ' '  Tommies. ' ' 
Can  any  one  inform  me  whether  the  air  has 
been  set  to  English  words,  or  whether  the 
British  Army  adopted  it  in  1793  as  a 
reminiscence  of  the  campaign  ?  On  that 
occasion  the  enemy,  however,  added  a  verse 
beginning 

Le  Due  de  York  avait  promis 
Que  Dunkerque  lui  serait  remis. 


I  Another  version,  alluding  to  the  Duke's  love 
of  pleasure  and  entertainment  when  in 
occupation  of  the  Belgian  towns,  ran 

Le  Due  de  York  vouhit  danser. 
Bon  !  Nous  1'avons  fait  sauter  ! 

Darisons  la  Carmagnole ! 

Vivent  les  sans-culottes ! 

We  must  remember  that  the  first  bars  of 
'  The  Death  of  Nelson  '  are  the  same  as 
those  of  the  'Chant  du  Depart'  ("  'Twas 
in  Trafalgar  Bay,  The  French  at  anchor  lay  " 
— "  La  victoire  en  chant  ant,  nous  ouvre  la 
barriere  "),  and  I  have  heard  Englishmen  in 
France  say  that  the  '  Chant '  must  be  an 
adaptation  ;  but  it  was  composed  for  the 
1792  volunteers,  long  before  Trafalgar. 
At  2  S.  ii.  269,  335,  394,  I  find  some  interest- 
ing information  about  the  '  Carmagnole  '  ; 
but  there  is  no  allusion  to  the  air  being 
adopted  for  words  in  other  than  the  French 
language,  or  being  played  by  British  or 
other  foreign  military  bands. 

ALBAN  DORAN. 

THE  LOTUS  AND  INDIA.- — I  see  that  in  the 
embroidery  on  the  Queen's  robe  the  lotus 
is  taken  as  representing  India.  On  what 
ground  is  this  flower  associated  with  that 
country  ?  Is  it  even  to  be  found  there  ? 
Before  the  Mutiny  brass  lotahs  were  passed 
from  hand  to  hand  as  a  signal  for  revolt. 
This  gave  rise  to  a  belief  on  the  part  of 
some  who  were  unacquainted  with  the  word 
that  lotus-flowers  were  so  used.  Is  it  pos- 
sible that  this  explains  the  emblem  on  the 
royal  robe  ?  J.  WILLCOCK. 

Lerwick. 

QUEEN  ELIZABETH  AT  BISHOP'S  STORT- 
FORD. — Monsignor  Benson  in  his  novel 
'  By  what  Authority  ?  '  describes  a  play, 
a  parody  upon  the  Romish  Church,  which 
was  performed  by  some  students  from  Cam- 
bridge before  Queen  Elizabeth  at  Bishop's 
Stortford,  while  she  was  resting  there  on 
her  way  back  to  London.  Is  there  any 
evidence  for  this  ?  W.  B.  GERISH. 

Bishop's  Stortford. 

DIDEROT'S  'PARADOXE  SUR  LE  COMEDIEN'  : 
GARRICK. — In  my  book  recently  published 
by  MM.  Hachette,  '  David  Garrick  et  ses 
amis  francais,'  I  mention  (pp.  193,  196)  the 
communication  by  Suard  to  the  English 
actor  of  a  manuscript  of  Diderot's  '  Paradoxe 
sur  le  Comedien  '  in  1773.  Garrick  does  not 
seem  to  have  sent  this  back  to  his  French 
correspondent.  Can  any  reader  tell  me  if 
it,  or  any  trace  of  it,  exists  in  England  ? 
An  examination  of  it  might  help  to  clear 
up  an  interesting  and  obscure  point  in 


28 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  iv.  JULY  s,  1911. 


French  literary  erudition,  and  to  decide 
whether  '  Le  Paradoxe,'  as  we  now  possess 
it,  was  really  the  work  of  Diderot,  or  whether 
it  has  been  developed  and  retouched  by 
his  friend  and  disciple  Naigeon. 

F.  A.  HEDGCOCK. 
10,  rue  Antoine  Chantin,  Paris,  XIV. 

"AGASONIC.'' — In  an  old  magazine 
"  buggy  "  is  given  a  fantastic  derivation 
from  Lat.  biga,  and  the  writer  adds : 
"  Buggy  is  the  agasonic  approximation  to 
the  name."  I  cannot  find  or  guess  any 
meaning  or  derivation  of  this  weird  adjective 
"  agasonic."  Can  any  one  help  me  ?  If 
a  typographical  error,  for  what  ? 

FORREST  MORGAN. 

"  THOUGH  CHRIST  A  THOUSAND  TIMES  BE 
SLAIN/' — In  some  volume  of  hymns  or 
translations  a  hymn  of  "  Angelus  Silesius  " 
is  given  a  fine  rendering,  beginning 

Though  Christ  a  thousand  times  be  slain, 
should  like  to  find  it  again.     Does  any  one 
know  the  name  of  the  author  or  collection  ? 

FORREST  MORGAN. 
Hartford,  Conn. 

BISHOP  FLETCHER.  —  Richard  Fletcher, 
Dean  of  Peterborough,  held  that  post  from 
1583  to  1589,  when  he  was  made  Bishop 
of  Bristol.  He  was  eventually  transferred 
to  the  see  of  London,  wherein  he  died  in 
1596. 

Can  any  one  tell  me  if  his  biography  has 
ever  been  published,  and,  if  so,  the  title  of 
the  book  ?  EDWARD  PEACOCK,  F.S.A. 

Kirtofi-in-Lindsey. 

[Various  authorities  are  cited  at  the  end  of  Canon 
V'enables's  notice  of  Fletcher  in  the  'D.N.B.,'but 
no  biography.] 

ROBINSON  ARMS  AND  MOTTO. — In  Sunder- 
land  parish  churcl),  which  was  consecrated 
in  1719  by  Dr.  John  Robinson,  Bishop  of 
London,  acting  for  Lord  Crewe,  Bishop  of 
Durham,  are  the  arms  of  both  prelates. 
Those  of  Bishop  Robinson  are  represented 
as  Or,  on  a  chevron  vert  between  three 
stags  trippant  gu.,  tliree  cinquefoils  of  the 
first  ;  and  the  motto  is  in  Scandinavian 
runes.  I  should  be  glad  to  know  whether 
the  above  tinctures  are  what  were  used 
by  the  bishop.  The  bearings  are  what 
Burke  gives  for  Robinson  of  London  and 
York,  1634,  but  there  the  chevron  is  gu.  and 
the  stags  are  vert.  Has  the  Sunderland 
painter  put  in  the  wrong  colours  ?  The 
singular  motto  is  explained  by  the  bishop's 
having  long  been  chaplain  to  the  English 
Embassy  in  Sweden.  It  is  stated  in  the 


'  D.N.B.'  that  by  favour  of,  and  as  a'com- 
pliment  to,  the  Swedish  monarch,  he  assumed 
as  his  motto  the  "  Runic  "  or  Old  Norse 
"  Madr  er  moldur  auki,"  paraphrased  "  As 
for  man,  his  days  are  grass."  J.  T.  F. 
Durham. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — 
1.  The  words  "  wonder,  which  is  the  seed 
of  knowledge,"  have  been  given  as  Bacon's. 
What  is  the  reference  ? 

2.  Who  was  the  American  humorist  who 
said,  "  I  would  rather  know  less  than  know 
so  much  that  isn't  so  "  ?  G.  H.  J. 

There  are  two  heavens,  both  made  of  love.  The 
one  incomprehensible  even  to  the  other,  Divine  it  is  ; 
the  other,  far  on  this  side  of  the  stars,  by  men  called 
Home. 

H.  A.  WALLIS. 

In   Bonn's   edition    of    '  Johnson's   Lives 
of  the  Poets  '  (vol.  i.  p.  474)  the  following 
lines  are  quoted  as  from  Dry  den.     Where 
are  they  to  be  found  ? 
Move  swiftly,  Sun,  and  fly  a  lover's  pace ; 
Leave  weeks  and  months  behind  thee  in  thy  race. 

Amariel  flies 

To  suard  thee  from  the  demons  of  the  air ; 
My  flaming  sword  above  them  to  display, 
All  keen,  and  ground  upon  the  edge  of  day. 

J.  M. 

On     a    stained    window   at    Honington, 
Warwickshire,  is  the  following  : — 
Effigiem  Christi  dum  transis  pronus  honora, 
Non  tamen  effigiem  sed  quern  designat  adora. 

Whence  come  the  lines  ?  J.  T.  F. 

Durham. 

"  HERE  SLEEPS  A  YOUTH,"  &c. — Concern- 
ing whom  was  the  following  epitaph  written? 
Where  is  it  to  be  found  ? 

Here  sleeps  a  youth  who  once  had  every  art 

That  could  or  knowledge  or  delight  impart. 

Great  were  his  virtues,  and  his  sense  refined ; 

The  courtier's  manners  his,  and  patriot's  mind. 

I  am  quoting  from  memory,  so  may  not  be 
quite  accurate.  D.  W. 

'  ST.  AUBIN  ;  OR,  THE  INFIDEL  :  A 
NOVEL.' — In  connexion  with  a  genealogical 
search,  I  have  been  trying  for  some  years  to 
get  a  copy  of  this  anonymous  romance 
(which  is,  I  believe,  an  autobiography), 
but  so  far  without  success.  It  was  not 
entered  at  Stationers'  Hall,  and  is  not  in  the 
British  Museum,  although  the  book  appears 
in  'The  London  Catalogue  of  Books, 
1810-31.'  If  any  reader  could  tell  me  of 
some  library  where  I  could  see  the  book,  or 
of  the  existence  and  ownership  of  a  copy,  I 


n  s.  iv.  JULY  s,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


29 


should  be  very  grateful.  '  The  London 
Catalogue'  also  mentions  'St.  Aubyn's 
Poems,'  published  about  the  same  time, 
and  probably  by  the  same  author.  Particu- 
lars of  the  latter  would  also  be  desirable. 
Please  reply  direct.  F.  S.  SNELL. 

The  Ferns,  Burroughs,  Hendon,  N.W. 

LIMBURGER  CHEESE  AND  COFFIN. — Refer- 
ence wanted  to  the  book  which  contains 
a  short  story  (probably  American)  about  a 
man  who  travelled  in  a  railway  van  with  the 
guard  and  a  coffin.  A  disagreeable  odour 
arising,  it  is'  thought  to  emanate  from  the 
coffin,  but  at  the  end  of  .the  journey  it  is 
discovered"  that  it  comes  from  a  Limburger 
cheese.  A.  SUTHERLAND. 

[We  think,  by  Mark  Twain.] 

GENEALOGICAL  COLLECTIONS.  —  A  short 
time  ago  a  relation  said  that  my  genealogical 
notes  might  be  very  interesting  to  me,  but 
not  to  the  rest  of  the  family,  and  that  after 
my  day  all  would  be  destroyed  except  those 
relating  to  our  own  family.  I  must  say 
I  do  not  like  the  idea  of  my  work  being  de- 
stroyed. The  Society  of  Genealogists  of 
London — to  which  I  belong — was  partly 
formed  for  preserving  notes  made  by  different 
individuals.  Their  notes  are  kept  on  cards 
3  by  5  inches  and  also  on  clergyman's  essay 
paper  (about  8  by  6  inches).  The  latter 
slips  are  put  into  large  envelopes,  with  the 
name  of  the  family  to  which  the  notes  refer 
written  outside.  These  envelopes  are  put 
into  an  envelope-shaped  case  made  of  card- 
board and  canvas  measuring  about  10  by  8 
inches.  On  these  cases  are  marked  alpha- 
betical divisions. 

I    use     10    by    8    slips,   and    keep    them 
in    Stanley    files ;     the    latter    I  keep  in  a 
vertical  filing  drawer  between  guide-cards,  j 
The    files    are    not    quite    satisfactory,    as  ' 
occasionally  the  slips  are  torn  out  by  users 
who  are  not  sufficiently  careful,  especially 
when  the  file  is  very  crowded. 

I  thought  of  presenting  my  notes  on  local 
families  to  the  local  library,  but  wish  to 
hand  them  over  in  the  form  most  useful  to 
the  public,  and  least  troublesome  to  the 
librarians.  It  struck  me  that  something  after 
the  style  of  the  Kalamazoo  would  suit, 
only  it  would  have  to  be  much  cheaper. 

I  have  tried  to  keep  portraits  and  topo- 
graphical prints,  &c.,  with  my  MS.  notes, 
but  at  last  I  have  come  to  the  conclusion 
that  this  will  not  do  on  account  of  the  various 
sizes. 

I  hope  some  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  will  help 
me.  Please  reply  direct.  C.  W.  R.  H. 

8,  Eden  Terrace,  Stanwix,  Carlisle. 


JOHN    RUSTAT. — Besides    being    Chaplain 
to  Charles  II.,  Rustat  was  Master  of  St.  John's 
Hospital,  Bath.     Can  any  one  tell  me  what 
other  preferment  he  held  or  where  he  died  ? 
C.  W.  SHICKLE. 

St.  John's  Hospital,  Bath. 

HERALDIC  VISITATIONS. — A  friend  of  mine 
possesses  a  sixteenth- century  MS.  book 
containing  copies  of  (1)  Wm.  Harvey's 
Visitation  of  the  North  Parts,  made  in 
1552,  described  in  Gutch's  '  Collectanea 
Curiosa,'  vol.  ii.  p.  253,  and  (2)  Leonard 
Dalton's  Visitation  of  the  North  Parts, 
begun  at  Newcastle-upon-Tyne  in  1557. 
He  has  some  thought  of  publishing  these 
two  little-known  Visitations,  but,  before 
doing  so,  would  like  to  know  whether  any 
other  MS.  of  either  Visitation  exists  outside 
of  Heralds'  College,  and,  if  so,  whether 
opportunity  would  be  given  for  comparison 
of  it  with  his  own.  The  vellum  cover  of 
the  book  containing  the  Visitations  is 
marked  "  N  "  outside  ;  and  the  vellum 
cover  of  another  MS.  book  containing  a 
copy,  dated  1593,  of  Wm.  Harvey's  Visita- 
tion of  Norfolk,  made  in  1555,  is  marked 
"M"  on  the  outside.  Both  books  are 
apparently  parts  of  the  library  of  some 
Herald.  It  is  desired  to  know  whether  other 
books  of  the  same  series  are  extant,  marked 
with  any  of  the  remaining  letters  of  the 
alphabet.  RICH.  WELFORD. 

Newcastle-upon-Tyne. 

"  O     FOR     THE     LIFE     OF     A     SOLDIER  !  " 

When  I  was  a  child  in  the  fifties,  my  nurse, 
who  had  lived  in  a  military  officer's  f amity 
some  few  years  before  coming  to  ours,  was 
fond  of  singing  this  song  to  us.  I  imagine 
it  to  be  an  old  military  ballad,  and  I  should 
be  glad  to  know  its  date,  and  to  possess  a 
copy  of  the  words.  The  tune  I  can  well 
recall,  but  the  first  verse  is  the  only  one  I 
can  quote  : — 

When  I  was  a  youngster 

Gossips  would  say, 

When  he  grows  older 

He  '11  be  a  soldier, 

Battles  and  toys 

He  '11  throw  them  away. 

O  for  the  life  of  a  soldier  ! 

D.  K.  T. 

"  BURSELL." — What  is  the  meaning  of 
this  word  ?  Katharine  S  tutting,  widow, 
was  fined  twopence  for  not  repairing  her 
"  bursell."  This  entry  occurs  among  the 
Scotton  records.  As  I  have  not  myself 
seen  any  of  the  Scotton  papers,  I  have  no 
means  of  telling  its  date.  F.  H. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        ui  s.  iv.  JULY  s,  1011. 


'  ALPINE    LYRICS.' — Who    is    the    author 
of   this  volume   of  Alpine  verse  ?     It   was 
published  by  Longmans  in  1854,  16mo,  and 
contains   pp.    ix-308.     There    seems   to    be 
nothing  in  the  book  to  indicate  the  author's 
name  or  calling.     In  the  third  stanza  of  the 
introduction  '  Ad  Lectorem  '  he  says  : — 
If  thou  findest  mirth  or  merit, 
Heed  not  what  the  dreamer's  name — 
There  are  rays  that  cheer  the  spirit 
Without  light  from  phantom  Fame. 
Stars  of  clustered  constellation 
Shine  without  all  designation  : 
With  no  name  for  ages  long 
Glittered  far  the  great  Mont  Blanc  ! 

One  seldom  appeals  in  vain  to  '  N.  &  Q.'  for 
information  wanted.  W.  NIXON. 

Heaton,  Newcastle-on-Tyne. 

CARDINAL  ALLEN'S  ARMS.  —  Can  any 
reader  supply  me  with  the  heraldic  descrip- 
tion of  the  coat  of  arms  of  William, 
Cardinal  Allen  ?  G.  M.  T. 

APPARITION  AT  BOVINGDON. — Some  few 
years  ago  there  was  an  article  in  Temple 
Bar  entitled  '  Here  and  There  in  West  Hert- 
fordshire,' which  referred  to  Boxmoor  and 
Box  Lane  thus  : — 

"  On  the  skirts  of  the  Moor  stands  an  old 
coaching  inn,  still  blinking  lazily  across  the  un- 
even stretches  of  grassland,  with  a  dark  tunnel 
of  trees  running  sharply  up  at  right  angles  beside 
it.  This  was  the  way  which,  in  olden  days,  the 
industrious  parson,  who  had  four  churches  of  the 
locality  hi  his  charge,  used  to  ride  on  those  Sabbath 
mornings  when  it  was  the  turn  of  little  red-roofed 
Bovingdon  to  be  spiritually  ministered  to.  It 
is  a  haunted  lane,  with  an  unique  charm  in  day- 
light as  well  as  in  dusky  hours.  I  remember  well, 
as  a  child,  dreading  its  cloistered  quiet ;  its  high, 
uneven  walls,  covering  mystery,  and  rich  in 
blocked-up  squat  doorways  and  narrow  much- 
barred  windows  ;  in  reality,  the  reticent  backs 
of  three  ancient  houses.  The  lane,  first  narrow, 
walled,  and  arched  by  beeches,  widens  to  permit 
of  the  irregular  backs  of  these  inscrutable  and 
wandering  old  houses,  and  the  abutment  upon 
one  of  them  of  an  adjacent  meeting-house,  rarely 
opened,  and  set  in  the  midst  of  its  forgotten 
graves.  The  ghost  would,  of  course,  belong  of 
right  to  this  rank  spot,  whose  enclosing  walls 
arose  when  Charles  II.  granted  indulgence  to  the 
dissenters  ;  but  it  is  a  wandering  ghost,  a  strange 
gleaming  little  presence  that  has  been  seen  passing 
along  by  the  wall  of  the  largest  of  the  old  houses. 
I  can  vouch  for  the  truth  of  its  appearance,  and 
of  the  impact,  followed  by  a  strange  tingling 
sensation,  felt  by  one  of  us  who  saw  it  upon  a 
summer  evening  two  years  ago.  A  dog,  too, 
that  was  of  the  party  cried  and  leapt  aside.  There 
is  a  mystery  in  the  thing,  and  one  never  likely 
to  be  solved  ;  but  the  country  folk  avoid  the 
lane. 

Can    any    one    supply    a    solution    of    this 
Miystenous  visitant  ?  W.  B.  GERISH. 

Bishop's  Stortford. 


CAPT.     COOK    MEMORIAL. 
(11  S.  iii.  165,  232,  295,  373.) 

AT  Whitsuntide  I  spent  a  week-end  at 
Great  Ayton  in  Cleveland,  and  one  after- 
noon two  friends  and  I  walked  through  the 
fields  to  Easby,  and  climbed  Easby  Hill, 
in  order  to  copy  the  inscription  on  the 
monument  erected  to  Capt.  Cook,  which  is 
as  follows  : — 

"  In  memory  of  |  the  celebrated  .circumnavi- 
gator, Capt.  James  Cook,  F.B.S.,  |  a  man  in 
nautical  knowledge  inferior  to  none,  |  in  zeal, 
prudence,  and  energy  superior  to  most,  j  Begard- 
less  of  danger,  he  opened  an  intercourse  |  with 
the  Friendly  Isles,  and  other  parts  |  of  the 
Southern  hemisphere.  |  He  was  born  at  Marton, 
Oct.  27th,  1728,  I  and  massacred  at  Owyhee, 
Feb.  14th,  1779,  |  to  the  inexpressible  grief  of 
his  countrymen.  |  While  the  art  of  navigation 
shall  be  cultivated  |  among  men,  while  the  spirit 
of  enterprise,  |  commerce,  and  philanthropy  shall 
animate  |  the  sons  of  Britain,  while  it  shall  be 
deemed  |  the  honour  of  a  Christian  nation  to 
spread  |  civilization,  and  the  blessings  of  the  | 
Christian  faith,  among  pagan  and  savage  tribes,  ( 
so  long  will  the  name  of  Capt.  Cook  |  stand  out 
among  the  most  celebrated  and  |  most  admired 
benefactors  of  the  human  race.  |  As  a  token  of 
respect  |  for,  and  admiration  of,  that  great  man,  | 
this  monument  was  erected  by  |  Bobert  Campion, 
Esqr.,  of  Whitby,  A.D.  1827,  |  by  permission  of 
the  owner  of  the  Easby  estate,  I  J.  J.  Emerson, 
Esqr.  It  was  restored  in  1895  |  by  the  readers 
of  The  North- Eastern  Daily  Gazette." 

The  foregoing  inscription  is  in  small 
capital  letters,  and  as  it  was  repeated  aloud 
to  me  by  one  of  my  companions  whilst 
I  wrote  it  down,  the  punctuation  may  not 
be  strictly  accurate,  as  it  is  my  own.  I  have 
taken  this  opportunity  of  giving  the  inscrip- 
tion as  it  now  exists  because  the  version 
given  at  the  last  reference  differs  in  several 
respects.  Was  there  an  original  tablet 
with  the  inscription  as  set  out  by  Mr. 
PAGE'S  friend,  and  was  this  cast  aside  at 
the  restoration  in  1895  ?  Picture  postcards 
are  to  be  had  of  Capt.  Cook's  school  at 
Great  Ayton.  It  was  on  the  top  floor  of  the 
red-tiled  building,  and  entered  by  an  out- 
side staircase  at  the  back  of  the  house. 

C.  L.  CUMMINGS. 


THE  CUCKOO  AND  ITS  CALL  (11  S.  iii. 
486). — The  Daily  Chronicle  a  little  more 
than  a  month  ago  contained  the  following 
letter  from  my  pen,  which  supports  MR. 
BAYNE'S  observation  of  this  bird  : — 

Cuckoos  like  this  hot  weather ;  they  won't 
sing — if  sing  is  the  proper  word — in  cold  weather. 


ii  s.  iv.  JULY  s,  i9ii.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


31 


But  to-day,  and  fop  the  last  three  or  four  days 
their   "  sprightly    note  "  has    become    almost    « 
nuisance,    down    here   in    Buckinghamshire.     On 
the  27th  instant  [May]  I  saw  nine  cuckoos  in  th 
afternoon  ;  that  is,  I  saw  three  at  three  separate 
intervals,   but  in   districts   a  good  way  apart—- 
they may  have  been  the  same  three.  *  One,  th< 
leader,  was  singing  as  he  flew  in  each  case  ;    tb 
others,  as  they  flew  after  him,  had  a  little  spa 
in   the   air  now   and   then.     Yesterday  we  wer( 
having  tea  on  the  lawn.     A  lady  remarked  that 
although  she  had  lived  in  the  country  all  her  life 
she  had  never  seen  a  cuckoo.     A  few  minutes 
afterwards  a  cuckoo  flew  over  our  heads  singing 
as  he  came  along.     I  was,  of  course,  the  first  to 
see  him,  and  to  draw  her  attention  to  him.    Words 
worth,  I  think    speaks  of  the  cuckoo  as  "  though 
often  heard,  yet  rarely  seen  " — and  again — 

O,  blithe  new-comer  !  I  have  heard, 
I  hear  thee  and  rejoice. 

O  Cuckoo,  shall  I  call  thee  bird, 

Or  but  a  wandering  voice  ? 
The  truth  is  the  cuckoo  can  frequently  be  seen 
if  watched  and  waited  for.  E.  M. 

It  is  absurd  to  say  the  cuckoo  does  not 
sing  as  he  flies.  I  heard  and  saw  him  con- 
stantly up  to  about  15  June,  and  not  again 
till  30  June,  when  he  gave  three  "  cucks  "  to 
one  "koo,"  confirming  the  old  rime  "In  June 
he  changes  his  tune."  E.  MABSTON. 

Farnham  Royal. 

The  cuckoo  "sings  as  it  flies,"  and  it 
"calls"  when  at  rest,  but  country  folk 
are  not  agreed  as  to  whether  it  is  the  cock 
or  the  hen  that  calls  "cuckoo,"  and  some  say 
it  is  the  male,  others  the  female ;  while 
others  say  both  sing,  and  that  it  may  be 
either  when  a  pair  are  seen  flying  together. 
When  resting,  a  cuckoo  may  call  once,  but 
when  it  has  taken  wing,  the  call  is  usually 
"  Cuck-oo,  cuck-oo,  cuck-oo  "  (thrice),  fol- 
lowed by  a  pause,  often  of  some  length, 
or  until  it  alights  again.  Such  is  the  observa- 
tion of  some  who  hear  the  bird's  call  three 
months  in  the  year,  and  never  fail  to  "  turn 
their  money  "  when  hearing  the  call  for  the 
first  time.  THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

CUCKOO  RIMES  (US.  iii.  465}.— I  have 
never  heard  the  rimes  cited  by  Mr.  RATCUFFE, 
but  since  my  childhood  have  known  the 
following  : — 

In  March  he  flies  under  the  arch  ; 

In  April  he  tunes  his  bill ; 

In  May  he  sings  all  day  ; 

In  June  he  changes  his  tune  ; 

In  July  he  away  doth  fly  ; 

In  August  go  he  must. 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWBIGHT. 

MB.  RATCLIFFE' s  note  brought  to  my 
mind  a  legend  which  I  have  never  seen  in 
print,  but  which,  having  been  formerly  well 
known  in  East  Sussex,  deserves  to  be  re- 


corded in  'N.  &  Q.'  It  is  that  the  first 
cuckoo  in  this  country  was  for  a  considerable 
time  kept  in  captivity  by  a  witch  at  Heath- 
field,  Sussex.  Eventually,  on  one  14th  of 
April,  whilst  the  witch  was  at  Heathfield  Fair, 
the  bird  escaped,  and  the  story  runs  that  in 
each  year  the  cuckoo  is  first  heard  on  Heath- 
field  Fair  day — the  anniversary  of  the  escape. 
Heathfield  Fair  is  locally  known  as  "  Cuckoo 
Fair,"  and  oats  sown  in  the  district  after  the 
14th  of  April  are  termed  "  cuckoo  oats." 
R.  VAUGHAN  GOWEE. 
Perndale  Lodge,  Tunbridge  Wells. 

BONAB:  THOMSON,  BONAB  &  Co.  (US. 
iii.  369,  457,  497).— Anderson's  '  Scottish 
Nation,'  cited  by  S.  H.  P.  at  the  second 
reference,  is  not  an  authority  to  be  depended 
on  in  this  matter,  the  account  of  the 
Bonar  family  containing  sundry  inaccuracies. 
Thomson  Bonar  of  Thomson,  Bonar  &  Co. 
was  not  the  Thomson  Bonar  who  married 
Andrew  Bell's  daughter. 

John  Bonar  (1671-1747),  minister  at 
Torphichen,  had  inter  alios  two  sons,  John 
and  Andrew.  John  (1696-1752)  was  minister 
at  Fetlar;  his  son  John  (1721-61)  was 
minister  at  Cockpen  and  Perth.  This 
John  had  a  son  Thomson  (1756-1814),  who 
married  first  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Andrew 
Bell,  engraver,  and  secondly  Mary,  daughter 
of  Archibald  Laurie. 

John  of  Torphichen' s  son  Andrew  (1708- 
1762)  was  a  merchant  and  banker  in  Edin- 
3urgh.  He  married  Agnes,  daughter  of 
John  Thomson,  also  a  merchant  there. 
He  had  a  son  Thomson  (1742-1813),  who 
married  Ann,  daughter  of  Andrew  Thomson 
of  Roehampton.  This  Thomson  Bonar  was 
a  partner  in  Thomson,  Bonar  &  Co. — I 
relieve,  one  of  the  original  partners.  Mr. 
Thomson,  the  senior  partner,  was  probably 
lis  father-in-law,  or  a  connexion  of  his 
nother  or  father-in-law.  It  was  this 
Thomson  Bonar  who,  along  with  his  wife 
was  murdered  at  Chislehurst  in  1813.  His 
son  succeeded  him  in  the  business.  He 
married  a  daughter  of  Guthrie  of  Halkerton. 

What  I  want  to  ascertain  is  : — 

1.  Who  was  Mr.  Thomson  of  Roehamp- 
on,  father  of  Mrs.  Thomson  Bonar,  and 
enior  partner  of  the  firm  circa  1775  ?  Was 
he  a  relative  of  Mr.  Thomson  Bonar  ?  If 
o,  how  was  he  related  ?  I  have  seen  it 
tated  that  her  father  was  Andrew  Poulett 
Thomson  of  Crichton  (where  ?)  and  of  Goat- 
lurst  in  Somerset,  and  Thomson  Bonar's 
incle.  I  should  be  glad  of  a  reference  to 
ny  history  of  the  family  of  Andrew  Poulett 
'homson  or  of  the  Pouletts. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        in s. iv.  JULT 8,  mi. 


2.  Who  were  the  other  partners  of  the 
firm  included  under  "  &  Co."  in  1775  ? 

3.  Who  were  the  subsequent  partners  of 
the^  name  of  Bonar  ? 

HOBATIUS     BONAR. 
3,  St.  Margaret's  Road,  Edinburgh. 

About  the  murder  of  Thompson  Bonar 
and  his  wife  the  following  appears  in 
W.  Toone's  '  Chronological  Historian,'  1826, 
vol.  ii.,  under  date  1813,  May  31  :— 

"On  Sunday  evening,  Thompson  Bonar,  Esq., 
and  his  wife  were  savagely  murdered  in  their  own 
house  at  Chislehurst,  in  Kent ;  both  were  dread- 
fully mangled,  and  Mr.  B.  was  found  quite  dead, 
and  his  wife  just  expiring,  and  incapable  of  speak- 
ing ;  suspicion  fell  upon  their  Irish  footman,  named 
Philip  Nicholson,  who  confirmed  it  by  cutting  his 
throat,  but  not  doing  it  effectually,  he  afterwards 
confessed  the  fact,  but  assigned  no  motive  for  the 
act ;  but  said,  it  was  an  idea  struck  him  when  asleep, 
that  he  must  kill  his  master  and  mistress,  and  that 
he  accordingly  jumped  out  of  bed,  and  committed 
the  murders  with  a  poker." 

Under  date  23  August  : — 

"  Nicholson,  the  murderer  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Bonar, 
was  executed  on  Pennenden-heath  ;  he  persisted  to 
the  last  that  he  had  no  motive  to  commit  the  crime, 
and  that  it  was,  as  he  had  repeatedly  declared,  the 
effect  of  sudden  impulse." 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

SIR  JOHN  ARUNDEL  OF  CLERKENWELL 
(US.  iii.  367,  415,  491).— By  way  of  supple- 
ment to  the  information  given  by  MR.  A.  R. 
BAYLEY  and  MR.  J.  B.  WAINEWRIGHT  anent 
Sir  John  Arundel  of  Lanherne,  the  following 
abstract  of  the  will  of  the  Cornish  knight 
may  be  noted  : — 

Sir  John  Arundell,  Knight  of  Lanherne,  co. 
Cornwall,  dated  12  Dec.,  32  Elizabeth.  "  To 
be  buried  near  my  grandfather  in  the  higher 
St.  Columb  within  the  said  county."  "  To  my 
very  good  ladie  and  wife  the  lligtit  Honourable 
Lady  Anne  Stourton  "  plate,  &c.,  received  at 
marriage,  and  100?.  To  son  George  Arundell 
lOf./.,  "  which  I  owe  him  by  a  legacy  bequeathed 
him  by  my  brother  George  Arundell,  deceased, 
the  which  I  received  of  Isabell,  the  wife  of  my 
said  brother  George,  to  the  use  of  my  said  son.'1 
To  my  nephew  Thomas  Bosgroe  [?  Bosgrave]  an 
annuity  of  57.  out  of  Lanhearne — tenant  John 
Basing.  To  servant  Edward  Victor  an  annuity 
during  life  of  Isabell  my  sister-in-law.  Several 
legacies  to  servants.  Require  my  wife  and  my 
son  John  Arundell  to  have  special  care  of  my 
son  [-in-law]  Charnocke  and  my  daughter  his 
wife,  until  my  son-in-law  shall  discharge  his  debts. 
Residue  to  John  Arundell  my  son  and  heir,  who 
is  executor.  Proved  in  London  9  Dec.,  1590, 
by  John  Kene,  notary  public,  on  behalf  of  John 
Arundell,  Esq.,  son  and  executor  (83  Drury). 

Sir  John  Arundell  of  Lanherne,  in  addition 
to  being  M.P.  for  Cornwall  in  1558, 
represented  the  Lancashire  borough  of 
Preston  in  the  Parliament  of  Oct. -Dec., 


1555 ;  but  his  Parliamentary  course  fin- 
ished at  the  accession  of  Elizabeth.  If 
we  may  assume  him  to  be  identical  with 
Sir  John  of  Clerkenwell — as  seems  highly 
probable — he  appears  to  have  resided  in  that 
parish  for  some  years  before  his  death,  the 
registers  of  St.  James's,  Clerkenwell,  giving 
several  burials  of  servants  and  others  "  out 
of  Sir  John  Arundell' s  house "  between 
1580  and  1589.  There  are  also  the  follow- 
ing burials  of  members  of  the  family  : — 

1588,  Dec.  2.  George,  son  of  George  Arundell, 
gent. 

1588,  Dec.  12.     Anne,  d.  of  Mr.  Geo.  Arundell. 

1589,  Sept.  1.     Francis,  son  of  George  Arundell, 
gent. 

1596,  Dec.  9.  Michael,  son  of  John  Arundell, 
esq. 

The  last  may  be  the  Michael,  grandson 
of  Sir  John,  who  is  said  in  Vivian's  '  Visita- 
tion of  Cornwall '  to  have  "  Mon.  in  St. 
Columb  Church,"  but  the  date  of  whose 
decease  is  not  given.  The  other  three  may 
have  been  infant  children  of  Sir  John's 
second  son  George,  but  they  are  not  named 
in  the  pedigree.  W.  D.  PINK. 

Lowton,  Newton-le-Willows. 

BURIAL,  INSCRIPTIONS  (11  S.  iii.  488). — 
1.  St.  John's,  Westminster. — The  inscrip- 
tions on  the  monuments  in  this  church  will 
be  found  in  Mr.  J.  E.  Smith's  e  St.  John 
the  Evangelist,  Westminster :  Parochial 
Memorials,'  1892,  pp.  63,  64.  A  few  refer- 
ences to  persons  interred  in  the  burial- 
ground  will  be  found  at  pp.  129-31,  154,  but 
only  two  or  three  inscriptions  are  given. 

2.  St.     John's     Wood     Chapel. — Thomas 
Smith  in  his  '  Topographical  Account  of  the 
Parish  of  St.  Mary-le-Bone,'  1833,  gives  the 
inscriptions  on  the  monuments  in  the  chapel, 
pp.    137-46,  and  a  long  list  of    persons  to 
whom  memorials  have  been  erected  in  the 
burial-ground,   pp.    140-45.     These  records, 
however,  extend  only  from  the  year  1814, 
when   the   chapel    and   burial-ground    were 
consecrated,  to  the  year  1832. 

3.  King's   Road,    Chelsea,    burial-ground. 
— Some  of  the  inscriptions  on  the  tombs  and 
monuments,    with    short    memoirs    of    the 
principal    persons   buried   in   the   cemetery, 
will    be    found    in    Faulkner's    '  History    of 
Chelsea,'  2nd  ed.,  1829,  pp.  37-43. 

4.  Chelsea    Hospital. —  The    same    work, 
pp.  265-86,  gives  several  inscriptions  on  the 
monuments  erected  in  memory  of  the  many 
distinguished    persons    connected    with   the 
Hospital  who  were  interred  in  the  burial- 
ground,     including     such    eminent    doctors 
as    John    Ranby,    WilHam   Cheselden,   and 


ii  s.  iv.  j  ULY  s,  wit.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


33 


Benjamin  Moseley,   and  the  two  Amazons, 
Christiana  Davis   and   Hannah   Snell,   both 
of  whom  served  in  the  British  Army,  and 
received  pensions  from  Chelsea  Hospital. 
W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 

APPARITION  AT  PIRTON,  HERTS  (11  S.  iii. 
466).— The  legend  related  by  MR.  GERISH 
says  that  the  Cavalier  officer  took  refuge 
among  the  Docwras  of  High  Down.  In  the 
reports  of  the  Committee  for  Compounding,  as 
quoted  in  Kingston's  '  East  Anglia  and  the 
Great  Civil  War,'  there  is  an  entry  relating 
to  "  Henry  Docwra  of  Pirton,  near  Hitchin, 
Herts,"  under  date  April,  1649:  "Com- 
pounds for  his  delinquency  in  being  twelve 
hours  in  company  with  the  forces  raised 
against  Parliament  last  summer — fine  £66." 

This  entry  would  seem  to  point  to  the 
skirmish  being  that  of  St.  Neots,  fought 
10  July,  1648,  where  Col.  Scroope  in  a  brief 
sanguinary  conflict  routed  the  Royalists 
under  the  Earl  of  Holland,  the  Duke  of 
Buckingham,  and  Col.  Dalbier,  who  a  few 
days  before  had  been  defeated  at  Kingston- 
on-Thames  and  driven  from  Surrey  by  Sir 
Michael  Livesey. 

At  St.  Neots  Dalbier  was  cut  to  pieces  by 
the  Parliamentary  troops,  Buckingham  fled, 
and  Holland  was  taken  prisoner  at  his  inn. 
Who  the  officer  of  the  legend  was  it  is  difficult 
to  say.  Col.  Scroope  in  his  report  ('  Welbeck 
MSS.,'  p.  478)  says  :— 

"  There  were  slain  one  colonel  and  some  other 
officers,  which  I  cannot  get  knowledge  of  their 

names,  with  40  soldiers  or  thereabouts I  hear 

also  that  Sir  Kenelm  Digby's  son  is  slain." 

Henry  Rich,  Earl  of  Holland,  was  sub- 
sequently beheaded  for  his  share  in  this 
Royalist  rising,  and  a  legend  similar  in  some 
respects  is  related  concerning  him  in  Ingram' s 
'  Haunted  Houses  and  Family  Traditions.' 
He  was  said  to  haunt  a  room  at  Holland 
House.  Princess  Lichtenstein  writes  in  her 
history  of  the  house  : — 

"  The  gilt  room  is  said  to  be  tenanted  by  the 
solitary  ghost  of  its  first  lord,  who,  according  to 
tradition,  issues  forth  at  midnight  from  behind  a 
secret  door,  and  walks  slowly  through  the  scenes  of 
former  triumphs  with  his  head  in  his  hand.  To 
add  to  this  mystery,  there  is  a  tale  of  three  spots  of 
blood  on  one  side  of  the  recess  whence  he  issues — 
three  spots  which  can  ne\rer  be  effaced." 

A  long  avenue  of  trees  called  the  "  Green 
Lane"  is  also  referred  to  as  having  been 
the  scene  of  a  "  spiritual  experience " 
of  his  daughter  Lady  Rich. 

The  underlying  fact  of  the  Pirton  legend 
would  seem  to  be  that  a  Docwra  was  in 
the  company  of  a  Cavalier  officer  (possibly 
Holland)  during  a  Royalist  rising,  and  that 


the  Cavalier  was  subsequently  captured 
and  beheaded — also  that  legends  were  after- 
wards related  to  the  effect  that  he  haunted 
certain  places,  carrying  his  head  in  his  hand. 
Holland  may  perhaps  have  visited  Doc- 
wra after  his  "  flight "  from  Kingston, 
and  before  the  fight  at  St.  Neots,  as  Pirton 
would  lie  on  the  route.  The  Royalists 
certainly  gave  Livesey' s  troops  from  Surrey 
the  slip,  and  were  beaten  by  Scroope' s 
forces,  sent  by  Fairfax  from  Colchester. 

G.  H.  W. 

As  the  story  is  "  well  known  and  widely 
believed  in  the  neighbourhood,"  some 
definite  day  is  probably  alleged  to  be  "  the 
anniversary  of  the  fatal  day."  Can  MB. 
GERISH  tell  us  what  it  is,  and  also  give  the 
names  of  any  persons  now  alive  who  profess 
to  have  seen  the  apparition  ? 

HARMATOPEGOS. 

LORD  MACAULAY'S  ANCESTRY  (11  S.  iii. 
448).  —  The  Rev.  Aulay  Macaulay,  the 
historian's  great-grandfather,  was  the  grand- 
son of  Donald  Cam  Macaulay  of  Lewis, 
that  is,  Donald  the  One-eyed,  so  called 
because  he  was  blind  of  an  eye.  Donald 
had  a  son,  known  in  Gaelic  as  "  Fear 
Bhreinis,"  that  is,  "the  Man  "  or  Tacksman 
of  Brenish,  of  whose  remarkable  strength 
many  stories  are  rel  at  ed.  This  son  of  Donald 
the  One-eyed  was  the  father  of  Aulay 
Macaulay,  the  historian's  great-grandfather. 

SCOTUS. 

'LIZZIE  LINDSAY'  (11  S.  iii.  488).— A 
vast  amount  of  information  regarding  this 
ballad  is  given  by  Prof.  Child  in  his  monu- 
mental work,  '  The  English  and  Scottish 
Popular  Ballads,'  together  with  some  ver- 
sions from  oral  and  manuscript  sources,  as 
well  as  those  contained  in  Jamieson's 
*  Popular  Ballads,'  ii.  149  ;  Buchan's 
'  Ballads  of  the  North  of  Scotland,'  ii.  102, 
and  Whitelaw's  '  Book  of  Scottish  Ballads,' 
p.  51,  to  say  nothing  of  3  S.  i.  463,  where  a 
version  will  be  found,  taken  down  "  from 
recitation,  September,  1828."  All  these 
versions  are  easily  accessible,  and  the 
variants  are  not  great.  The  references  in 
Prof.  Child's  work  are,  No.  226,  iv.  255-66, 
524  ;  v.  264.  W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 

In  Stenhouse's  '  Lyric  Poetry  and  Music 
of  Scotland,'  under  '  Leezie  Lindsay,'  the 
following  remarks  are  made  : — 

"  This  beautiful  old  air  was  communicated  by 
Burns.  The  stanza  to  which  it  is  adapted, 
beginning  '  Will  ye  go  to  the  Highlands,  Leezie 
Lindsay,'  was  written  by  Burns,  who  intended 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s.  iv.  JULY  s,  1011. 


to  have  added  some  more  verses. ..  .but  they 
were  never  transmitted.  He  appears  to  have 
had  the  old  fragment  of  the  ballad  called  '  Leezie 
Baillie  '  in  view  when  he  composed  the  above 
.stanza.  A  large  fragment  of  the  old  ballad  of 
'  Leezie  Lindsay  ' . . . .  may  be  seen  in  Jamieson's 
'  Popular  Ballads  and  Songs,'  vol.  ii." 

S.  S.  W. 

Uflt  is  asserted  that  Burns  contributed  the 
air  of  an  old  song  to  Johnson's  '  Scots 
Musical  Museum,'  along  with  the  first 
verse  of  a  song,  entitled  '  Leezie  Lindsay,' 
he  intended  writing,  but  that  he  died  before 
finishing  it. 

The  music  and  verse  appeared  in  vol.  v., 
but  have  not  the  author's  name  attached 
in  the  index,  as  most  songs  have  which 
were  known  to  be  Burns' s.  The  editor 
says  he  "is  certain "  that  those  marked 
"B.  &  R."  "are  Burns's  composition"; 
'  Leezie  Lindsay '  has  not  either  letter. 

In  the  Kilmarnock  edition  of  Burns, 
by  William  Scott  Douglas  (1890),  it  is  stated 
that  the  air  and  verse  were  sent  by  Burns 
to  Johnson.  In  the  *  Book  of  Scottish 
Song,'  edited  by  Alexander  Whitelaw,  1875, 
the  first  line  is  "  Will  ye  gang  wi'  me,  Lizzy 
Lindsay  ?  "  In  Johnson  it  is  "  Will  ye 
go  to  the  Highlands,  Leezie  Lindsay  ?  " 

ALFRED  CHAS.  JONAS. 

SIR  THOMAS  MAKDOUGALL  BRISBANE 
(11  S.  iii.  407,  491). — Even  if  it  were  impos- 
sible to  prove  the  marriage  of  Robert  Brisbane 
to  Janette  Stewart  in  1562,  there  would 
still  be  no  difficulty  in  tracing  the  descent 
of  Sir  Thomas  Brisbane  from  Robert 
the  Bruce.  John  Brisbane,  son  of  James 
Brisbane  of  Bishoptoun,  in  1685  married 
Margaret,  daughter  of  Sir  Archibald  Stewart 
of  Blackhall  and  Ardgowan.  The  descent 
from  Robert  III.  and  Robert  the  Bruce  was 
thus  made  doubly  secure.  See  Burke' s  '  Peer- 
age,' &c.,  s.v.  Shaw  Stewart ;  also  Craw- 
ford's 'History  of  Renfrewshire'  (1818), 
p.  390,  and  Paterson's  '  History  of  Ayr- 
shire,' vol.  v.  part  ii.  p.  525. 

It  is  worth  noticing  that  the  Brisbanes 
were  originally  a  Renfrewshire  family, 
having  owned  the  estate  of  Bishoptoun  in 
the  parish  of  Erskine  for  many  years.  The 
old  mansion  house,  now  used  as  a  farmhouse, 
stands  on  a  commanding  site  above  the 
Clyde,  with  a  fine  view  of  Dunbarton  Rock, 
&c.  The  property  was  sold  about  1670, 
when  the  lands  of  Kelsoland,  &c.,  near 
Largs,  in  Ayrshire,  were  acquired,  which 
were  subsequently  known  as  Brisbane. 
See  the  last  two  authorities  quoted  above. 

T.  F.  D. 


NOVEL  BY  G.  P.  R.  JAMES  WITH  THREE 
TITLES  (11  S.  iii.  465).— MR.  W.  A.  FROST 
is  right  in  his  surmise  that  James's  novel 
may  have  appeared  in  a  magazine  in  Eng- 
land. It  was  published  between  9  Novem- 
ber, 1850,  and  8  November,  1851,  under 
the  following  title  :  "  A  Story  without  a 
Name :  an  historical  novel,  written  expressly 
for  this  family  magazine  by  G.  P.  R. 
James,  Esq." 

The  magazine  was  entitled : — 

"  The  Home  Circle  :  a  weekly  family  magazine  of 
literature,  science,  domestic  economy,  arts,  practical 
information,  needlework,  chess,  general  knowledge, 
and  entertainment. 

"  Object.  To  elevate  the  taste  and  morals  of  those 
humble  classes  who  have  no  chance  of  cultiva- 
ting their  intellect  but  through  the  medium  of 
works  of  a  pernicious  kind." 

The  editor,  for  some  time  at  least,  was 
Pierce  Egan.  QUILL. 

BOOK  INSCRIPTIONS  (US.  iii.  207,  492).— 
The  lines  beginning 

Go,  litel  book  !  God  send  thee  good  passage  ! 
are  from  the  "  verba  translatoris  "  in  Sir 
Richard  Ros  or  Rous's  translation  of  Alain 
Chartier's  '  La  Belle  Dame  sans  Mercy.' 
The  piece  was  printed  in  Thynne's  edition 
of  Chaucer  in  1532,  and  since  then  has  been 
ascribed  to  Chaucer  ;  but  as  Chartier  was 
only  fourteen  years  old  at  Chaucer's  death, 
this  is  clearly  impossible.  Full  informa- 
tion is  given  by  Prof.  Skeat  in  vol.  vii.  of 
his  edition  of  Chaucer,  where  he  prints  '  La 
Belle  Dame  sans  Mercy.'  E.  G.  T. 

THE  MUSEUMS  OF  LONDON  ANTIQUITIES 
(11  S.  iii.  401,  483).- — In  Chambers' s  Journal 
for  May,  1851,  pp.  308-10,  there  appeared 
an  article  on  '  London  Museums  of  the 
Seventeenth  Century.'  The  article  pre- 
sumably was  inspired  by  the  perusal  of 
a  tract  entitled  : — 

"  A  Catalogue  of  many  Natural  Rarities,  with 
great  Industry,  Cost,  and  Thirty  Years'  Travel  in 
Foraign  Conn-tries,  collected  by  Robert  Hubert 
alias  Forges,  Gent.,  and  Sworn  Servant  to  His 
Majesty.  And  daily  to  be  seen  at  the  place  called 
the  Musick-House,  at  the  Miter,  near  the  West  End 
of  St.  Paul's  Church.  London  :  1664." 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

"TABORER'S  INN"  (11  S.  i.  170).— I 
find  the  answer  to  my  query  as  to  the 
situation  of  this  tavern  in  a  recently  issued 
volume  of  the  '  Calendar  of  Patent 
Rolls,'  and  propose  to  put  it  on  record 
for  the  benefit  of  future  inquirers.  In  1354 
Edward  III.  granted  licence  for  the  aliena- 
tion in  mortmain  to  the  Abbot  and  Convent 


ii  s.  iv.  JULY  s,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


35 


of  St.  Mary,  Bee  Hellouin,  Eure,  France, 
of  "a  messuage  in  the  parish  of  St.  Botolph 
without  Aldrichesgate  in  the  suburb  of 
London,  sometime  of  William  de  Gayton, 
called  'le  Taborer '  :  ('Cal.  1354-8,' 
p.  105).  It  thus  appears  that  Timbs  was 
mistaken  in  assigning  the  inn  to  St.  Martins- 
Je-Grand,  no  portion  of  that  thoroughfare 
having  been  at  any  time  comprised  within  the 
parish  of  St.  Botolph. 

WILLIAM   MCMTJRRAY. 

"  HAYWRA,"  PLACE-NAME  (11  S.  iii. 
487). — There  is  no  difficulty,  because  the 
place  is  not  only  near  Harrogate  (Yorkshire), 
but  gave  its  name  to  that  well-known  resort. 

The  road  from  Knaresborough  to  Otley 
.passed  near  it,  and  was  consequently 
named  Haywra-gate,  i.e.,  the  road  passing 
near  Haywra.  It  is  named  Haverah  Park 
•in  some  maps,  where  Haverah  represents 
the  Norman  form  of  Haywra.  Hay  repre- 
sents A.-S.  hege  and  A.F.  haie,  and  means 
"  enclosure  "  or  "  park  "  ;  and  wra  is  the 
A.-S.  wra,  a  corner.  That  is  to  say,  the  road 
passed  near  the  corner  of  an  old  enclosed 
park,  a  portion  (it  is  said)  of  the  old  Forest 
of  Knaresborough.  The  names  Haverah 
and  Haywra  are  still  familiar  ones  at  Harro- 
gate. WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

Haywra  is  now  known  as  Haverah,  a  few 
miles  south-west  of  Harrogate,  co.  York. 
It  was  formerly  a  royal  chase.  It  will  be 
found  under  '  Haverah  Park '  in  Lewis's 
*  Topographical  Dictionary.'  T.  CBAIB. 
[F.  B.  M.  also  suggests  Haverah.] 

WILL  WATCH:  JOHN  GALLOT  (11  S.  ii 
269,  353  ;  iii.  492).— Gallot,  who  is  mentioned 
by  MB.  RALPH  THOMAS  at  the  last  reference, 
was  an  actor  at  the  Haymarket  and  Coburg 
Theatres,  and  ultimately  became  prompter 
at  the  old  Adelphi  during  Webster's  manage- 
ment. 

I  was  present  at  the  opening  of  the  new 
Adelphi  in  December,  1858,  and  remember 
a  line  in  an  address  written  by  Edmund 
Yates,  and  spoken  by  Mrs.  Alfred  Mellon, 
which  ran  thus  : — 
At  seven  John  Gallot  should  ring  up  the  curtain. 

WM.  DOUGLAS. 
125,  Helix  Road,  Biixton  Hill. 

SCOTS  Music  (US.  iii.  349,  496).— What- 
ever may  have  been  Robert  Fergusson's 
deeper  motive  in  his  '  Elegy  on  the  Death 
of  Scots  Music,'  it  is  manifest  that  the 
immediate  purpose  was  to  pay  a  tribute  to 
Macgibbon,  the  Edinburgh  violinist.  In 
'  The  Life  and  Death  of  the  Piper  of  Kil- 


barchan,'  by  Robert  Sempill  of  Bel  trees 
(1599-1670),  he  had  a  standard  exemplar, 
which  he  utilized  ably  and  well.  Even  as 
Sempill  declared  that  piping  was  done  because 
Habbie  Simson  was  no  more,  so  his  youthful 
follower  concludes  that  Macgibbon' s  death 
creates  a  sorry  outlook  for  national  song, 
as  there  is  none  to  "  fill  his  s*ead."  Sempill 
thus  opens  his  lament : — 

Kilbarchan  now  may  say,  Alas  ! 

For  she  hath  lost  her  game  and  grace, 

Both  Trixie,  and  the  Maiden  Trace  : 
But  Avhat  remead  ? 

"For  no  man  can  supply  his  place — 
Hab  Simson  's  dead  1 

The    same    spirit    pervades    Fergusson's 
monody,  as  these  stanzas  illustrate  : — 

Macgibbon  's  gane  :   Ah,  wae  's  my  heart  1 
The  man  in  music  maist  expert, 
Wha  cou'd  sweet  melody  impart, 

And  tune  the  reed 
Wi'  eic  a  slee  and  pawky  art ; 

But  now  he  's  dead. 
Ilk  carline  now  may  gruct  and  grane, 
Ilk  bonnie  lassie  make  great  mane  ; 
Since  he  's  awa',  I  trow  there  's  nane 

Can  fill  his  stead  ; 
The  blythest  sangster  on  the  plain  ! 

Alake,  he  's  dead  ! 

It  is  interesting  to  note  that  the  musician 
thus  eulogized,  who  was  for  many  years 
leader  of  the  orchestra  of  the  "  Gentlemen's 
Concert  "  at  Edinburgh,  was  considered  by 
contemporaries  "  to  play  the  music  of  Corelli, 
Geminiani,  and  Handel  with  great  execution 
and  judgment."  Even  he,  apparently,  had 
felt  the  foreign  influence  without  giving 
it  pre-eminent  position  in  determining  his 
preferences.  Without  him,  the  poet  fears, 
national  song  will  lose  its  prestige  and  be 
routed  by  "  sounds  fresh  sprung  frae  Italy." 
THOMAS  BAYNE. 

"  THE  GAG,"  "  GUILLOTINE,"  AND  "KAN- 
GAROO "  AS  PARLIAMENTARY  TERMS  (11  S. 
iii.  468).  —  With  regard  to  the  first  of 
these  expressions  there  is  a  Parliamentary 
note  in  a  letter  from  Henry  Brougham  to 
Thomas  Creevey,  dated  1814  : — 

'  Now,  there  is  not  a  pretence  for  keeping  these 
sources  of  patronage  open.  Besides — the  gag  is 
gone,  which  used  to  stop  our  mouths  as  often  as  any 
reform  was  mentioned  —  '  Revolution '  first,  and 
then  '  Invasion.'  These  cues  are  gone."  -  '  The 
reevey  Papers,'  1905,  p.  192. 

A.   RHODES. 

The  terms  "gag,"  "guillotine,"  and 
"  kangaroo,"  as  used  in  Parliament,  are 
tolerably  familiar,  but  the  question  as  to 
who  first  used  them  is  a  more  difficult 
matter  to  determine.  Perhaps  "  gag  "  may 
ooast  a  Miore  venerable  antiquity  than  the 


36 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  JULY  s,  1911. 


other  two.  In  1795  the  Act  36  Geo.  III. 
cc.  7,  8,  for  the  prevention  of  treason  and 
sedition,  was  known  as  the  "  Gagging  Act." 
A  Bill  for  restricting  public  meetings, 
passed  in  1819,  was  popularly  called  "  a 
gagging  Bill."  Some  Acts  affecting  the 
right  of  public  meeting  in  Ireland  have  also 
at  a  later  date  been  so  designated. 

W.  SCOTT. 

LAMB'S  '  ROSAMUND  GRAY  '(US.  iii.  467)- 
—Writing  to  Southey  on  29  October,  1798, 
Lamb  says  that  the  opening  lines  of  the 
ballad  '  An  Old  Woman  clothed  in  Gray  ' 
suggested  the  writing  of  '  Rosamund.' 
Substantially  fictitious,  the  play  in  various 
features  unquestionably  draws  upon  the 
writer's  personal  experience.  The  scene  is 
laid  at  Widford,  Herts,  with  which  the 
happiness  of  his  early  days  is  associated, 
and  Rosamund  Gray  seems  to  adumbrate 
his  first  and  only  love,  the  Anna  of  his 
Sonnets  and  the  Alice  W — n  of  the  '  Essays 
of  Elia.'  In  chap.  iii.  of  his  monograph  on 
Lamb  for  the  "  English  Men  of  Letters " 
Canon  Ainger  discusses  the  matter  as  follows  : 
"The  heroine,  Rosamund  Gray,  is  drawn  with 
those  features  on  which  he  was  never  weary  of 
dwelling  in  the  object  of  his  own  boyish  pas- 
sion. Rosamund,  with  the  pale  blue  eyes  and 
the  'yellow  Hertfordshire  hair,'  is  but  a  fresh 
copy  of  his  Anna  and  his  Alice.  That  Rosamund 
Gray  had  an  actual  counterpart  in  real  life  seems 
certain,  and  the  little  group  of  cottages,  in  one  of 
which  she  dwelt  with  her  old  grandmother,  is  still 
shown  in  the  village  of  Widford,  about  half  a  mile 
from  the  site  of  the  old  mansion  of  Blakesware. 

Her  fair  hair  and  eyes,  her  goodness,  and  (we 

may  assume)  her  poverty,  were  drawn  from  life. 
The  rest  of  the  story  in  which  she  bears  a  part  is  of 
course  pure  fiction." 

THOMAS  BAYNE. 

Charles  Kent  in  his  edition  of  Lamb  says 
that  the  root-idea  of  the  story  is  traceable 
to  the  antique  ballad  of  c  The  Old  Woman 
clothed  in  Gray  '  ;  and  that  the  author 
appears  to  have  borrowed  the  name  of  his 
heroine  from  a  small  volume  of  poems  bj/ 
Charles  Lloyd,  published  in  1795  at  Carlisle 

"The  child-heroine's  reputed  dwelling-place,  i 
may  be  interesting  to  add,  is  still  shown  at  Blen 
heim,  as  one  of  a  couple  of  cottages  near  Healin 
Green,  some  two  miles  from  Blakesweir." 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

[ToE  REA  also  refers  to  Canon  Ainger.] 

FORBES  or  SKELLATER  (11  S.  iii.  467 
iv.  17). — J.  F.  J.  is  correct  in  his  impression 
as  to  the  parentage  of  General  Forbe 
("Ian  Roy")  of  Skellater.  He  was  th 
second  son  of  George  Forbes  of  Skellate 
by  his  wife  Christian  Gordon  of  Glen 


ucket.  See  a  well-informed  article,  over 
he  initials  J.  M.  B.,  in  Scottish  Notes  and 
Queries,  1901,  vol.  iii.  Second  Series,  pp.  43-4. 

W.  S.  S.. 

ST.   GEORGE   AND   THE   LAMB   (11    S.   iii. 

87). — Many    famous    Italian     painters  — 

Dorreggio,  Veronese,  Carpaccio,  Tintoretto, 
and  L.  Caracci  among  them — have  painted 
St.  George,  with  or  without  the  dragon,  and 

here  are  representations  of  him  at  Florence, 
Venice,  Verona,  Padua,  Bologna,  and  Rome. 

3ut  I  never  saw  or  heard  of  the  saint  repre- 

ented  with  a  lamb  ;  and  such  well-known 
authorities  as  Mrs.  Jameson,  C.  E.  Clement 

'  Saints  in  Art '),  and  Husenbeth  ('Emblems 
of  Saints')  are  silent  on  the  subject.  I 

;annot  think  that  St.  George  is  "  often 
represented"  thus,  either  in  Italy  or  any- 
where else.  Can  MR.  FANE  have  possibly 

misunderstood  his  Italian  friend's  question  ? 

D.  O.  HUNTER  BLAIR. 
Fort  Augustus. 

There  is  no  legend  concerning  the  saint 
and  a  lamb,  so  far  as  I  can  ascertain,  nor  do 
I  remember  ever  having  seen  any  picture 
such  as  MR.  FANE'S  Italian  friend  mentions. 
The  representation,  however,  would  seem 
to  portray  the  martyr's  meek  submission  to 
the  torments  that  he  had  to  undergo  by 
the  order  of  Diocletian.  In  the  '  Acta 
Sancti  Georgii  Megalo-Martyris,'  published 
by  the  Bollandists,  and  collated  with  the 
manuscripts  of  the  Vatican  and  Florence, 
we  are  told  how  the  "  vir  sanctus,  tanquam 
agnus,"  was  bound  with  cords  before 
suffering  the  frightful  punishment  of  the 
wheel  : — 

"Hoc  ille  supplicii  genus  perferens,  primum 
quidem  magna  voce  precabatur,  deinde  secum  ipse 
tacite  gratias  agebat  Deo,  nee  suspirium  quidem 
ullum  edebat.  Mox  bonurn  temporis  spatium  tan- 
quam dormiens,  coriquievit." — 'Selecta  Martyrum 
Acta,'  vol.  ir.  pp.  208-9,  Gaume  Freres,  Paris,  1853. 

JOHN  T.  CURRY. 

The  lamb  is  probably  symbolical  of  the 
Saviour,  and,  along  with  St.  George,  may  be 
taken  to  represent  the  force  of  the  Christian 
religion.  In  this  connexion  Mrs.  Jameson 
('  Sacred  and  Legendary  Art,'  vol.  ii.)  says : — 

"  When  the  princess  is  introduced  [in  representa- 
tions of  St.  George],  she  is  clearly  an  allegorical 
personage,  representing  truth  or  innocence — the 
Una  of  Spenser.  I  can  recollect  but  one  instance 

in   which  she  has  the  lamb It  is  an   exquisite 

little  print  by  Lucas  van  Leyden,  which  appears  to 
represent  the  meeting  of  St.  George  and  the  princess 
before  the  conquest  of  the  dragon." 

Row  TAY. 


us.  iv.  JULY s,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


37 


According  to  Spenser,  the  Red  Cross 
Knight  (called  "  St.  George  "  in  the  '  F.  Q.,' 
ii.  12)  was  accompanied  by  Una.  And 
as  for  Una  ('F.  Q.,'  i.  4),  it  is  said  that  "by 
her,  in  a  line,  a  milkewhite  lambe  she  had." 
Why  she  did  so  we  are  not  informed  ;  still 
less  what  became  of  the  lamb. 

WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 
[MR.  HARRY  HEMS  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

'  WAVERLEY  '  :  "  CLAN  OF  GREY  FINGON  " 
(US.  iii.  487). — The  "  clan  of  grey  Fingon  " 
represented  the  Mackinnons,  who  dwelt  at 
different  periods  in  Mull,  lona,  and  Skye. 
Fingon  is  said  to  have  been  a  name  common 
in  ancient  times,  and  denoted  "  Fair- 
bairn."  See  Skene's  '  Highlanders  of  Scot- 
land,' edited  by  Macbain,  1902,  and  the 
Rev.  Donald  D.  Mackinnon's  'Memoirs 
of  Clan  Fingon,'  1899.  W.  SCOTT. 

The  Mackinnons  (Sliochd  Fhionnon,  no 
Mac'Ionnon)  are  a  branch  of  the  great 
Clan  Alpin,  claiming  descent  from  Fingon, 
grandson  of  Gregor,  whose  father  was 
Kenneth  Mac  Alpin,  King  of  the  Picts  and 
Dalriad  Scots.  The  prefix  Mac  renders 
the  initial  consonant  quiescent ;  hence 
Mac  Fhinnon=Mac'innon. 

Their  burial-place  was  in  lona,  where, 
in  the  chancel,  is  to  be  seen  on  a  table- 
tomb  the  monumental  effigy  of  Abbat  Mac 
Fingon,  who  died  in  1500.  In  conjunction 
with  his  father  Lachlan,  he  erected  one  of 
those  elaborately  sculptured  crosses  still 
remaining  in  the  Reilig  Ouran  on  the 
island.  A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

MATTHEW  ARNOLD  ON  MODERN  HURRY 
(11  S.  iii.  488). — The  .passage  of  Matthew 
Arnold  which  is  inquired  for  will  be  found  in 
his  *  Friendship's  Garland,'  1871,  p.  146, 
in  the  essay  entitled  *  My  Countrymen.' 

BIBORG. 

Matthew  Arnold  uses  the  phrase  "  sick 
hurry  "  in  '  The  Scholar-Gipsy,'  stanza  21  : — 

This  strange  disease  of  modern  life, 
With  its  sick  hurry,  its  divided  aims. 

ALFRED  ANSCOMBE. 

RAIKES  CENTENARY  (11  S.  iii.  366). — 
In  the  entry  of  the  marriage  of  Robert 
Raikes  (16  May,  1725),  quoted  by  MR. 
McMuRRAY  from  the  marriage  register  of 
St.  Anne  and  St.  Agnes,  Gresham  Street, 
ought  not  the  signature  of  the  officiating 
clergyman  to  be  "  Lilly  " — perhaps  abbre- 
viated—instead of  "  Wm  "  Butler  ? 


The  Rev.  Lilly  Butler,  LL.B.,  second  son 
of  Dr.  Lilly  Butler  (Canon  of  Canterbury, 
&c.),  was— if  I  mistake  not — Rector  of  that 
parish  from  1716  until  his  death  in  1736, 
as  well  as  Rector  of  Dagenham,  Essex, 
and  Chaplain  to  the  Marquess  of  Annan- 
dale.  His  name  appears  in  the  register  of 
Merchant  Taylors'  School  in  1696. 

C.  E.  BUTLER. 

FIGURES  RISING  FROM  THE  DEAD  (11  S. 
iii.  407). — In  1881,  during  the  restoration 
of  the  parish  church  of  Preston,  Holderness, 
several  figures  made  of  alabaster  were 
orought  to  light.  They  were  supposed  to 
have  originally  formed  part  of  a  piece 
representing  our  Lord's  resurrection,  formerly 
placed  in  the  interior  of  the  sacred  edifice. 
A  brief  account  of  the  discovery  will  be 
found  in  The  Antiquary,  iv.  81. 

Row  TAY. 

In  churchyards  in  Strathdon,  in  Aber- 
deenshire,  tombstones  show  skeletons  with 
some  vapour  issuing  from  the  earhole  in  the 
skull,  and  forming  at  a  little  distance  a 
small  cloud.  This  is  supposed  to  represent 
the  resurrection  of  the  soul. 

JOHN  MILNE. 

Aberdeen. 

SHIPDEM  FAMILY  (US.  iii.  407,  478).— 
The  Kentish  Gazette,  7  April,  1815,  announced 
that  "  in  the  night  of  Saturday  last,  the 
counting-house  (and  banking  room)  of  R. 
Shipdem,  Esq.,  at  Hythe,  was  burglariously 
entered  by  person  or  persons."  The  office 
of  Mayor  of  Hythe  was  filled  on  several 
occasions  by  members  of  this  family. 

In  1791  John  Shipdem  was  Town  Clerk 
of  Dover.  R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

MOOR,  MORE,  AND  MOORY-GROUND  (11  S. 
iii.  450). — "  A  cord  moors  "  is  a  not  infre- 
quent entry  in  the  old  parish  books  of 
Hampshire,  meaning  a  cord  of  roots.  Root, 
of  O.  Norse  origin,  failed  for  centuries  to 
displace  in  the  South  the  A.-S.  and  M.E. 
more,  still,  or  lately,  existing  in  dialect.  In 
'  Sir  Beues  of  Hamtoun  '  (fifteenth-century 
MS.)  will  be  found  "  borne  of  Jesses  more." 
This  should  account  for  "  moory-ground," 
ground  stated  to  have  been  reclaimed  in  the 
past. 

Skidmore  is  of  interest  as  accounting  for 
the  name  Scudamore  (Bardsley,  s.v.),  well 
known  in  the  history  of  the  Stanhopes  and 
Earls  of  Chesterfield.  Lower  states  that  a 
Scudamore  was  lord  of  Upton,  Wilts,  in 
the  reign  of  Stephen  ;  but  there  is  an  Upton 
in  Hants,  close  to  Skidmore. 


38 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  iv.  JULY  s,  1911. 


Skid  may  represent  A.-S.  scid  (mod.  shide), 
stake,  stick  (for  lighting  fire),  compounds 
of  which  are  recorded.  H.  P.  L. 

RALPH  PIGGOTT,  CATHOLIC  JUDGE  (US.  iii. 
449). — This  name  does  not  appear  in  any  of 
the  Admission  Books  of  the  four  Inns  of 
Court,  except  in  the  year  1576  in  the  Ad- 
mission Book  of  Gray's  Inn;  nor  does 
Dugdale  or  Beatson's  '  Political  Index ' 
make  mention  of  it.  It  seems  hardly  likely 
in  these  circumstances  that  he  can  have 
been  an  English  judge. 

C.  H.  R.  PEACH. 

HOUSE  OF  COMMONS  PRAYER  :  SPEAKER 
YELVERTON  (11  S.  iii.  467).— Prof.  A.  F. 
Pollard  in  the  '  D.N.B.,'  Ixiii.  315,  under  Sir 
Christopher  Yelverton  (1535  ?-1612),  writes, 
apropos  of  his  being  chosen  Speaker  on 
24  October,  1597  :  "  The  prayer  which, 
according  to  custom,  he  composed  and  read 
to  the  house  every  morning  is  said  to  have 
been  of  much  devotional  beauty  (Foss)." 

The  Prayer  for  the  High  Court  of  Parlia- 
ment was  composed  most  probably  by 
Bishop  Laud.  It  first  appeared  in  an 
'Order  of  Fasting'  in  1625.  The  words 
"  most  religious  and  gracious  King  "  are 
commonly  supposed  to  have  been  intro- 
duced as  a  compliment  to  Charles  II.  (see 
Francis  Procter's  '  History  of  the  Book  of 
Common  Prayer,'  1857,  p.  262). 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

According  to  Foss  ('  Judges  of  England  '), 
Yelverton  was  certainly  the  composer  of  the 
prayer  which  he  read  in  the  House  of 
Commons  every  morning  ;  and  according 
to  the  same  authority,  it  was  the  custom  at 
that  time  for  Speakers  to  compose  the 
prayer  themselves. 

John  Cosin  was  only  three  years  old  when 
Yelverton  was  chosen  Speaker,  and  it  was 
not  until  sixty  years  later  (after  the  Con- 
vocation of  1661)  that  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer  was  enriched  with  his  compositions. 
I  have  found  no  reference  in  any  biography 
of  Cosin  to  his  having  drawn  up  any  form 
of  prayer  for  the  use  of  the  House  of 
Commons.  D.  O.  HUNTER  BLAIR. 

Speaker  Yelverton,  no  doubt,  claimed  for 
the  House  of  Commons  the  power  of  reform- 
ing the  Book  of  Common  Prayer  "  if  there 
was  anything  Jewish,  Turkish,  or  Popish  in 
it."  He  also  boldly  defended  a  member, 
Mr.  Strickland,  who  had  been  imprisoned  for 
proposing  an  alteration  in  the  form  of  prayer 


previously  in  use  in  the  House.  Beyond 
these  facts  there  does  not  seem  to  be  any- 
thing connecting  him  with  the  authorship 
of  any  kind  of  prayer.  W.  SCOTT. 

RAGS  AT  WELLS  (US.  iii.  409,  470,  498).. 
— Seventy  years  ago,  in  Ireland,  I  often 
passed  a  stunted  tree  known  as  "  the  ragged 
bush,"  but  commonly  called  by  the  equiva- 
lent name  in  Irish  (I  spell  it  as  pronounced) 
"  skeogh  na  gibbogue."  .It  deserved  this 
title,  for  it  was  lavishly  decorated  with  rags 
of  various  kinds  and  colours.  At  that 
time  it  was  the  habit  of  the  less  educated 
people  in  the  neighbourhood,  on  certain 
saints'  days,  to  detach  scraps  of  their 
clothing,  tie  them  to  the  bush,  and  then 
adjourn  to  a  holy  well  not  far  off,  and  there- 
do  penance  by  going  round  the  well  several 
times  on  their  knees. 

Quite  recently  a  friend  at  my  request 
visited  the  spot,  and  found  the  bush  (even 
now  known  as  "the  bush")  still  there,  but 
bereft  of  all  claim  to  its  old  title,  for  not 
a  vestige  of  rag  remains.  Evidently  the 
ancient  practice  has  died  out. 

The  suggestion  that  the  custom  has  come 
to  these  islands  from  the  East,  seems  to  be 
supported  by  the  following  quotation  from 
a  book  written  by  Dr.  Sheepshanks,  late 
Bishop  of  Norwich,  and  published  in  1909r 
'  A  Bishop  in  the  Rough  '  : — 
"/7i  Mongolia. 

"One  place,  a  long  weird  valley,  abhorred  and 
dreaded  of  travellers,  was  full  of  traces  of  Obi 
worship.  Cairns  on  the  hillsides  were  everywhere 
to  be  descried,  with  rods  or  poles  carrying  strips  of 
rags,  or  of  clothing  torn  from  the  garments  of  passing 
travellers,  who  had  alighted  to  say  a  prayer.  Thus 
to  decorate  these  piles  of  wood  is  a  sacred  duty. 
Tradition  demands  a  portion  of  one's  own  garb, 
but  any  piece  of  cloth  seems  to  meet  the  require- 
ments of  the  occasion.  Amidst  these  fluttering 
memorials  of  the  Mongolian  religion,  the  wayfarer 
left  behind  him  for  ever  that  strange  and  ill-known 
country." 

HENRY   SMYTH. 

Edgbaston,  Birmingham. 

Those  who  are  interested  in  the  subject 
of  rags  left  at  wells  may  like  to  be  referred, 
if  they  do  not  already  know  it,  to  a  short 
story,  *  The  Mourner's  Horse,'  in  *  The 
Delectable  Duchy,'  by  "  Q."  (Cassell  &  Co., 
1894).  The  concluding  paragraphs  are 
relevant. 

If  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  will  condescend 
to  be  more  communicative  than  "  Q."  and 
explain  the  bit  of  folk-lore  mentioned  in  the 
preface  to  the  book,  I  am  sure  other  readers 
will  be  grateful  as  well  as  I. 

H.  K.  ST.  J.  S. 


n  s.  iv.  JULY  s,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


39 


an  Hacks,  $tt. 


The  Church  Year  and  Kalendar.  By  John 
Dowden,  D.D.,  late  Bishop  of  Edinburgh. 
(Cambridge  University  Press.) 
SIXCE  this  is  one  of  "  The  Cambridge  Liturgical 
Handbooks  "  edited  by  two  learned  scholars, 
ordinary  readers  may  fight  shy  of  it  as  beyond 
them.  That  would  be  a  mistake,  for  the  little 
book  is  at  once  a  lucid  and  interesting  sketch 
of  its  subject.  Bishop  Dowden  did  not  live, 
we  are  told,  to  give  it  final  revision,  but  it  has 
been  well  looked  after  by  other  hands. 

We  are  particularly  pleased  to  see  that  a  com- 
petent '  Bibliography '  of  good  authorities  has 
been  inserted  at  the  beginning  of  the  volume,  for 
its  scope  (it  runs  only  to  160  pages  of  text, 
appendixes,  and  index)  does  not  al'ow  of  more 
than  a  general  outline,  and  even  so  the  original 
manuscript  has  been  reduced.  But  we  think  that 
many  who  take  up  the  book  will  be  led  by  it  to 
further  investigation.  History  and  sometimes 
error  hallowed  by  history  have  left  curious  marks 
on  our  present  Calendar,  which  might  well  be 
subjected  to  reform  in  the  matter  of  the  saints 
it  records.  Thus  Dr.  W.  H.  Frere  in  his  recent 
volume  on  liturgical  reform  suggests  the  com- 
memoration of  Bishop  Hannington.  Modern 
Prayer-Books  no  longer  associate  "  King  Charles 
the  Martyr  "  with  January  30th,  although  some 
authorities  would  question  the  legal  sufficiency 
of  the  Royal  Warrant  which  removed  it. 

IN  The  Fortnightly  Mr.  A.  A.  Baumann  besrins 
the  political  articles  by  discussing  '  The  Dead- 
lock and  its  Remedies.'  Though  we  do  not  share 
his  views,  we  recognize  the  ability  with  which 
they  are  put  forward.  Mr.  Lewis  Melville  writes 
on  '  The  Real  Barry  Lyndon,'  i.e.  Andrew  Robin- 
son Storey,  a  fortune-hunter  who  bullied  his  first 
wife  into  the  grave,  and  then,  by  elaborate 
intrigue,  succeeded  in  marrying  Lady  Strath- 
more,  assuming  shortly  afterwards  her  name  of 
Bowes,  and  making  it  perfectly  clear  that  he 
only  wanted  her  money.  She  got  away  from 
him  eventually,  and  he  spent  the  last  twenty- 
two  years  of  his  life  in  prison  for  debt.  Rowland 
Grey  has  a  pleasant  paper  on  '  The  Boys  of 
Thackeray,'  who,  indeed,  show  the  novelist 
on  his  brightest  side.  Mr.  Ernest  Newman 
dwells  in  '  Wagner  and  his  Autobiography  ' 
on  the  selfishness  and  the  assured  insolence  of 
genius.  It  is  a  striking  indictment,  but  one  we 
believe  to  be  essentially  veracious.  Mr.  Alfred 
Noyes  is  too  elaborate  and  stylish  in  his  '  Accept- 
ances,' the  gist  of  which  is  that  unconventionality, 
dogmatic  lawlessness,  and  irreverence  are  ruining 
the  art  of  to-day.  The  article  is  overstrained  in 
its  conclusions.  '  The  English  School  of  Painting 
at  the  Roman  Exhibition,'  by  Mr.  Comyns  Carr 
ia  a  reprint  of  the  introduction  to  the  catalogue 
of  that  section.  It  is  fluently  written,  but  of  no 
great  critical  moment.  '  The  Jewish  Renaissance 
in  Palestine  '  is,  according  to  Mr.  Norman  Bent 
wich,  to  include  a  Jewish  University  at  Jerusalem 
as  "a  rally  ing-point  for  Jewish  students  froir 
all  the  world  over."  Sir  Home  Gordon  is  inter- 
esting, as  usual,  concerning  '  Problems  of  Con- 
temporary Cricket,'  but  too  pessimistic,  we  think 
concerning  present  English  resources.  Mr.  E.  F 


Benson  contributes  a  dialogue  on  '  The  Gospel 
of  the  Gourmet,'  which  discusses  cleverly  taste 
and  its  connexion  with  the  other  senses  ;  and 
Consignor  Benson  has  '  Three  Stories,'  concerning 
;he  conversion  of  an  agnostic  pedlar,  and  two 
isions  granted  to  priests.  Both  brothers  ex- 
libit  their  talents  in  characteristic  style. 

IN   The  Nineteenth   Century  the  best  political 
article  is  the  last,  in  which  Mr.  Harold  Cox  dis- 
cusses   '  The   Despotism   of   the    Labour   Party.' 
Under  the  title  of  '  Elizabethan   Drama  in  the 
Making  '  Sir  Edward  Sullivan  gives  an  informing 
and  interesting  account  of  Henslowe's  Diary,  now 
available  in  an  erudite  edition  published  by  Dr.. 
W.  W.  Greg.     '  A  Fortnight  with  Thackeray  in 
1852  '  gives  reminiscences  by  the  late  Rev.  H.  J. 
Dheales  of  a  voyage  to  America  with  the  novelist,. 
A.  H.  Clough,   and  J.  R.  Lowell.      Truth  to  tell, 
bhere  is  not  much  in  this  record,  and   the  view 
of  Thackeray  as  "  a  cold,  hard  cynic  "  was,   we- 
thought,     as     extinct     as     Trilby.     '  When     the 
Rani  lifts    her  Veil  in  London,'  by  Saint  Nihat 
Singh,  gives  us  an  insight  into  the  ability  and 
character  of  some  women-folk  whom  the  rulers 
of  the  Native  States  of  India  have  brought  to- 
London     to     see     the     Coronation.     '  Count     de- 
Gobineau's   Ethnological  Theory,'   by  Mr.  A.   S. 
Herbert,    is    meritorious,    but    stodgy.     A    just 
tribute  to  '  The  Boy  Scout  Movement,'  one  of  the 
most  striking  successes  of  recent  years,  is  paid 
by  Mr.  W.  Cecil  Price.     Mr.  H.  G.  Jenkins  has  by 
careful  investigation  settled  the  position  of  the- 
grave  of  William  Blake  in  Bunhill  Fields.     There- 
is    nothing    to    mark    his    resting-place,    shared 
within  three  days  by  two  others  ;    and  the  erec- 
tion of  a  suitable  monument  is  suggested. 

WE  congratulate  The  Burlington  Magazine 
heartily  on  reaching  its  hundredth  number; 
celebrated  by  the  reproduction  of  a  striking- 
water-colour  by  its  former  editor,  Mr.  C.  J. 
Holmes.  The  present  assured  position  of  the 
magazine  was  only  reached  after  a  struggle  by 
the  promoters,  whose  success  will,  we  hope,  induce 
others  who  have  serious  aims  to  go  forward 
regardless  of  popular  indifference.  Such  efforts 
are  really  needed  to  preserve  the  press  from  the 
baneful  advance  of  commercialism  and  its 
parasites. 

The  editorial  points  out  that  attention  has  been 
paid  to  Chinese  and  Mohammedan  art,  and 
primitive  civilizations,  as  well  as  "  the  art  of 
the  Renaissance  and  the  succeeding  periods  of 
European  art."  This  width  of  range  is  all  to  the 
good,  but  we  wish  that  more  attention  could  be 
paid  to  the  art  of  to-day  in  England,  and  notice 
with  pleasure  a  clever  article  by  Mr.  A.  Clutton- 
Brock  on  '  The  "  Primitive  "  Tendency  in-  Modern 
Art,'  which  ends  by  suggesting  that  the  East 
may  provide  for  the  West  not  merely  a  new  fashion, 
but  also  a  new  inspiration.  There  are  several 
articles  concerning  the  attributions  of  pictures , 
the  most  interesting  personality  to  us  being  that 
of  Baldassare  d'Este,  a  Court  painter  at  Ferrara, 
investigated  by  Mr.  Herbert  Cook. 

Among  the  reviews  is  a  notice  of  the  fine  work 
on  '  The  Domestic  Architecture  of  the  Tudor 
Period  '  begun  by  the  late  Thomas  Garner,  and 
finished  by  Mr.  Arthur  Stratton.  Incidentally 
the  reviewer  regards  the  equestrian  figure  of 
Charles  I.  at  Charing  Cross  as  "  the  only  public 
statue  in  London  that  can  claim  to  be  a  work  o£ 


40 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  iv.  JULY  s,  1911. 


art,"  and  says  in  conclusion  that  the  "  two 
volumes  should  find  a  place  in  every  public 
library,  and  (since  they  can  be  had  for  less  than 
the  price  of  a  bicycle  or  a  dress  suit)  in  the  private 
library  of  every  Englishman  who  cares  for  the 
architectural  glories  of  his  country's  ancestral 
homes." 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — JULY. 

MR.  FRANCIS  EDWARDS'S  Catalogue  309  contains 
under  Africa  Earth's  '  Travels,'  5  vols.,  21.  ;  and 
4  The  Ruwenzori  Expedition,  1905-6,'  24  coloured 
plates,  4to,  half -morocco  by  Morrell,  6Z.  6s. 
Under  America  are  a  large  number  of  works, 
including  Kotzebue's  '  Voyage,'  3  vols.,  1821, 
51.  ;  McKenny's  '  Indian  Tribes,'  3  vols.,  royal 
8vo,  1870,  a  fine  copy,  uncut,  51.  ;  Oliver's 
'  Antigua,'  3  vols.,  folio,  1894-9,  91.  ;  and  Sted- 
man's  '  American  War,'  2  vols.,  4to,  1794,  4Z.  10.9. 
There  are  works  under  Anthropology.  Under 
Australasia  we  find  a  complete  set  of  the  New 
Zealand  Institute  publications,  1868  to  1903, 
19Z.  ;  also  Angas's  '  South  Australia,'  65  large 
plates,  10  parts,  imperial  folio,  original  wrappers, 
1847,  9Z.  Books  from  the  library  of  Henry  Beau- 
foy  with  his  book-plate  include  a  curious  item  : 
'  The  Mowing-Devil  ;  or,  Strange  News  out  of 
Hertfordshire  :  Relation  of  a  Farmer,  who 
Bargaining  with  a  Poor  Mower  about  the  cutting 
down  of  some  oats ;  upon  the  Mower's  asking  too 
much,  the  Farmer  swore  that  the  Devil  should 
mow  it  rather  than  he,'  &c.,  small  4to,  1678, 
reprint  1800,  8s.  6c/.  Many  works  appear  under 
Big  Game  Shooting.  There  are  sets  of  Curtis's 
Botanical  Magazine,  of  the  Geographical  Society's 
publications,  '  and  of  Judge  Haliburton's 
works  (except  'The  Attache').  There  are 
also  works  on  India.,  on  Napoleon  and  his  time, 
and  on  Scandinavia  and  Iceland.  Under  Mansion, 
the  miniature  painter  to  Napoleon,  are  51  fine 
coloxired  plates  of  the  costumes  of  the  British 
Army,  folio,  half-morocco,  1830,  751. 

Ellis 's  Catalogue  of  Rare  Books  relating  to 
Music  contains  many  interesting  old  works, 
such  as  '  Elements  of  Vocal  Singing,'  by 
R.  M.  Bacon,  who  was  editor  of  The  Quarterly 
Musical  Magazine  (1818-28)  ;  also  some  of  the 
ballad  operas  of  the  eighteenth  century.  Of 
more  valuable  works  may  be  named  Dr.  John 
Blow's  '  Amphion  Anglicus,'  first  edition,  1700, 
61.  6s.  ;  Butler's  '  Principles  of  Musik,'  first  edi- 
tion, dedicated  to  Charles  I.,  1636,  31.  3s.  ;  the 
Rev.  James  Clifford's  '  Divine  Services  and 
Anthems,'  black-letter,  1664,  21.  12s.  ;  Gaffori's 
'  Angelicum  ac  diuinum  opus  musice,'  1508, 
28Z.,  also  his  '  Laudensis  Regii  Musici,'  editio 
princeps,  1518,  21Z.  ;  Thomas  Mace's  '  Musick's 
Monument,'  1676,  14Z.  14s.  ;  Morley's  'A  Plaine 
and  Easie  Introduction  to  Practical!  Musicke,' 
1608,  121.  12s.  ;  Playford's  '  Harmonia  Sacra,' 
2  vols.,  first  editions,  1688-93,  4Z.  15s.  ;  and 
Purcell's  Sonnatas  of  III.  Parts,  1688,  extremely 
rare,  211.  '  A  Collection  of  13  Compositions  for 
the  Pianoforte,'  by  Nicola  Sampieri  (end  of 
eighteenth  century),  21.  10s.,  is  quaint.  No.  9 
is  described  as  "  Little  Sonatinas  set  very  easy 
for  the  Piano  Forte  on  purpose  to  encourage  the 
young  Ladies  to  play  this  Fashionable  Instru- 
ment." 

Messrs.  Gilbert  &  Son's  Winchester  Catalogue  37 
contains  under  Architecture  Parker's  '  Glossary,' 


3  vols.,  8vo,  half-morocco,  last  edition,  1860, 
21.  2s.  Under  Art  is  Smith's  '  Catalogue  Raisonne,' 
9  vols.,  royal  8vo,  cloth  as  new,  1829,  21.  10*. 
The  first  edition  of  «  Dombey,'  calf  gilt,  is  II.  2s.  6d. ; 
and  Pickering's  Diamond  Greek  Testament,  calf, 
5s.  Qd.  There  are  publications  of  the  New  Shak- 
spere  Society.  Other  items  include  '  The 
Speaker's  Commentary,'  8  vols.,  cloth,  17.  18s.  ; 
Hampshire  Record  Society's  publications,  12  vols., 
1889-99,  4Z.  10s.  ;  and  '  The  International 
Library  of  Famous  Literature,'  20  vols.,  21.  10*. 

Mr.  Robert  McClure  of  Glasgow  sends  some 
short  lists.  Under  Hogarth  Plates  is  '  Hudibras  ' 
with  a  French  translation,  3  vols.,  with  book- 
plates of  Edward  and  Sir  William  Jerningham, 
Londres  (Paris),  1757,  2Z.  10s.  (one  of  250  copies). 
'  David  Scott  and  his  Works,'  by  Gray,  with 
many  reproductions,  cloth  as  new,  1884,  is  offered 
for  iOs.  6d.  Scott  was  greatly  beloved  by  hie 
pupils  ;  he  was  the  art  instructor  of  our  old 
contributor  Ebsworth,  and  the  date  of  his 
funeral,  the  10th  of  March,  1849,  was  always 
remembered  by  Ebsworth.  There  are  some 
interesting  MSS.  One  under  Flanders,  written 
in  French  in  1699,  gives  an  account  of  each  town  ; 
and  another,  under  Roman  Pontiffs,  in  Latin, 
includes  an  account  of  the  murder  of  Becket. 
There  are  a  number  of  Vertue  portraits,  folio, 
good  impressions  ;  also  choice  views  in  Scotland. 

[Notices  of  other  Catalogues  held  over.] 


IT  is  proposed  to  publish  in  the  autumn  a 
collection  of  papers  on  '  Some  Islington  Cele- 
brities,' read  to  the  Islington  Antiquarian  and 
Historical  Society.  Mr.  Aleck  Abrahams  con- 
siders '  George  Daniel,'  '  William  Upcott,'  and 
4  The  Local  Historians  '  ;  Mr.  W.  H.  Pratt, 
'  Samuel  Phelps  '  and  '  The  Poets  and  Versifiers  '  ; 
Mr.  S.  T.  C.  Weeks,  '  John  Thurston  '  and  '  The 
Artists  and  Engravers  '  ;  and  Mr.  E.  E.  Newton, 
'  The  Illustrators.'  To  the  preparation  of  the 
papers  a  good  deal  of  original  research  has  been 
devoted. 

At  least  eighty  subscribers  are  needed  to  ensure 
publication,  and  applications  should  be  sent  to 
Mr.  Weeks,  the  Hon.  Secretary  of  the  Society, 
at  10,  York  House,  Highbury  Crescent,  N. 


WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  oi 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "  The  Editor  of  '  Notes  and  Queries  '  "—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.C. 

J.  LEARMOXT  ("  Serendipity  "). — See  the  article 
by  COL.  PRIDEAUX  at  9  S.  xii.  430. 

ERIC  MACKENZIE  ("  'Tis  better  to  have  lov'd 
and  lost "). — Tennyson, '  In  Memoriam,'  xxvii.  4. 

A.  E.  H.,  Illinois  ("  Muratori  "). — He  is  often 
called  "  the  father  of  Italian  history."  See  his 
life  in  any  encyclopaedia.  For  his  works  consult 
the  catalogues  of  libraries  and  similar  sources 
of  information. 


ii.s.  iv.  JULY  is,  i9ii.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


41 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JULY  L',  1911. 


CONTENTS.-No.  81. 

3JOTES :-  West  Indians  and  the  Coronation,  41— Sir  Nicholas 
Arnold,  42— "Gifla"  :  Isleworth  :  Islington,  43— Robert 
Burton's  Library— "J'y  suis,  j'y  reste"— "Make  a  long 
arm,"  44— "Crown  Prince  of  Germany"— St.  Swithin's 
Day— St.  Expeditus,  45  -Tailed  Englishmen— Whig  Club 
Book— Etymology  of  "Privet  "-Spanish  Armada:  Ship 
wrecked  in  Tobermory  Bay,  46. 

QUERIES  :  Sheridan's  'Critic' :  T.  Vaughan— Dickens  and 
Thackeray :  Mantalini— St.  Sabinus  or  St.  Salvius,  47— 
Pope  and  Byron  quoted  in  Court— Lieut.-Col.  Ollney— 
Tromp  in  England:  John  Stanhope,  London,  Printer, 
1664—'  Lyrics  and  Lays  '—George  Eliot  on  a  Magic  Ring 
— B.  W.  Procter— Touching  a  Corpse  at  Funerals— Evatt 
Family— The  Three  Heavens,  48— Dog's  Monument  at 
Quilon— Brisbane  Family,  49 -Dr.  Barnard,  Provost  of 
Eton— Pitt's  Buildings :  Wright's  Buildings— Foxes  as 
Guards  instead  of  Dogs— Dublin  Barracks,  50. 

REPLIES  :— Guilds  of  Weavers  and  Clothiers,  50 -Keats, 
Hampstead,  and  Sir  C.  W.  Dilke,  51— Mistress  Katherine 
Ashley— Burns  and  'The  Wee  Wee  German  Lairdie,'  52  — 
Gower  Family  — Lush  and  Lusbington  Surnames,  53— 
"  Nib  "=Separate  Pen-point— St.  Dunstan  and  Tunbridge 
Wells-Corpse  Bleeding— Twins  and  Second  Sight,  54- 
Archbishop  Stone  of  Armagh  —  Wellington  Statues  in 
London  —  "  Franklin  Days":  "Borrowing  Days,"  55  — 
Mummy  used  as  Paint  by  Artists,  56— Prince  Charles  of 
Bourbon-Capua  —  Military  Executions— "  Schicksal  und 
eigene  Schuld,"  57— Authors  of  Quotations  Wanted— 
D'Urfey  and  Allan  Ramsay— Philip  Dehany,  M.P.— 
'  Churches  of  Yorkshire '— '  Church  Historians  of  England ' 
—Riddle— Port  Henderson  :  Corrie  Bhreachan— Fielding 
and  the  Civil  Power,  58. 

NOTES   ON   BOOKS :- Jaggard's   'Shakespeare   Biblio- 
graphy'—'The  National  Review.' 
Booksellers'  Catalogues. 
Notices  to  Correspondents. 


WEST  INDIANS   AND   THE 
CORONATION. 

As  a  matter  of  historical  interest,  it  should 
be  noted  that,  among  the  multitude  that 
assembled  for  the  Coronation  of  His  Majesty 
King  George  V.,  many  are  members  of 
families  that  have  been  settled  in  lands 
overseas  from  the  days  of  the  Stuarts,  and 
for  years  before  the  reigning  family  came  to 
the  throne. 

Although  Americans,  who  can  claim  to 
rank  with  this  class,  do  not  own  allegiance 
to  King  George,  owing  to  the  regrettable 
circumstances  that  drove  England's  eldest 
daughter  to  separate  from  the  parent 
State,  our  American  kinsfolk  must  feel  that 
they  are  welcome  to  rejoice  with  us,  in  the 
old  home,  on  this  august  occasion,  as  "their 
forefathers  used  to  do  in  the  olden  time, 
when  the  Coronation  robe  of  King  Charles  II. 


was  made  from  silk  sent  from  Virginia,  the 
;  Old     Dominion     being     then     an     English 
colony. 

In  illustration  of  the  continuance  of 
British  dominion  in  "  parts  beyond  sea," 
it  is  noteworthy  that  at  least  three  of  the 
representatives  of  West  Indian  Colonies  at 
the  Coronation  are  members  of  families 
that  emigrated  in  Stuart  times,  and  have  con- 
tinued since  to  dwell  overseas.  They  are 
the  Hon.  J.  R.  Phillips  of  Barbados,  the 
Hon.  B.  Howell  Jones  of  British  Guiana,  and 
the  Hon.  B.  Shuttleworth  Davis  of  St. 
Kitts.  Among  other  West  Indians  now 
in  London  are  some  of  the  descendants 
of  Sir  Thomas  Warner,  who  in  January, 
1623-4,  founded  English  dominion  in  the 
West  Indies,  on  the  island  of  St.  Christopher, 
now  usually  called  St.  Kitts.  From  the 
date  mentioned  to  this  day,  in  one  island 
or  the  other  of  the  Caribbean  Sea,  the 
Warners  have,  for  ten  or  more  generations, 
made  their  home  in  the  West  Indies  :  a 
cadet  of  the  family  from  time  to  time 
reverting  to  the  Old  Country,  as  in  the  case 
of  Mr.  Pelham  Warner,  captain  of  the  Middle- 
sex cricket  eleven.  The  cricketer's  brother, 
the  Hon.  Aucher  Warner,  K.C.,  a  member 
of  the  Council  of  Trinidad,  and  a  landowner 
in  that  colony,  is  at  present  on  a  visit  to 
the  land  from  which  his  ancestor  set  forth 
about  300  years  ago. 

Among  the  country  gentry  of  Great 
Britain  are  many  descendants  of  emigrants 
of  the  Stuart  period;  and  a  few  of  them, 
like  the  Codringtons  of  Gloucestershire,  yet 
retain  a  part  of  their  ancestral  possessions 
in  the  West  Indies. 

The  Secretary  for  the  Colonies  is  a  de- 
scendant of  one  of  the  earliest  and  most 
ardent  promoters  of  colonies.  His  ancestor, 
Robert  Harcomt  of  Stan  ton  Harcourt, 
himself  went  out  to  Guiana  in  1609  with 
some  of  his  kinsmen,  and  endeavoured 
to  establish  a  colony  on  the  WTyapok  river 
(now  in  French  Guiana).  His  heavy  ex- 
penditure upon  that  colonizing  project,  and 
his  staunch  support  of  Sir  Walter  Ralegh's 
second  expedition  to  Guiana  in  1617-18, 
resulted  in  such  great  financial  embarrass- 
ment as  necessitated  the  selling  of  a  part  of 
his  landed  property  that  had  for  generations 
been  in  the  Harcourt  family.  As  Sir 
Thomas  Warner  had  been  engaged  in  colon- 
izing in  Guiana  before  he  settled  in  St. 
Kitts,  it  is  probable  that  he  and  Harcourt 
were  acquaintances,  if  not  comrades  in  adven- 
ture. N.  DARNELL  DAVIS. 

Royal  Colonial  Institute. 

Northumberland  Avenue,  S.W. 


42 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       tn s. iv.  JULY  15,  ion. 


SIR    NICHOLAS    ARNOLD. 

SIB  NICHOLAS  ARNOLD  was  Lord  Justice 
of  Ireland  in  1565-6,  and  M.P.  for  Glouces- 
tershire in  1545-7,  1553,  and  1555  ;  Glou- 
cester City,  1559  and  1563-7  ;  Cricklade, 
1571  ;  and  Gloucestershire  again,  1572  till 
decease.  A  brief  notice  of  his  life  appears 
in  the  first  supplementary  volume  of 
•  D.N.B.' 

Sir  Nicholas  was  descended  from  an  old 
Monmouthshire  family,  being  the  son  of 
John  Arnold,  who  had  acquired  Highnam 
Court  in  Gloucestershire  about  1542,  and 
died  there  in  1550.  In  early  life  Nicholas 
was  actively  employed  by  Thomas  Crom- 
well, and,  there  can  be  no  doubt,  had  been 
rewarded  by  grants  of  some  of  the  Church 
lands.  He  was  knighted  by  Edward  VI. 
about  1553,  and  afterwards  went  to  Ireland, 
where  he  ruled  as  Lord  Justice  during  the 
absence  of  the  Deputy  from  May,  1564, 
till  June,  1565,  leaving  the  year  following. 
The  remainder  of  his  life  was  spent  at 
Highnam  Court,  which  he  had  inherited 
from  his  father,  and  there  he  died  in  1580, 

The  pedigree  of  Sir  Nicholas  down  to  his 
grandchildren,  as  entered  in  the  Visitation 
of  Gloucestershire  1623,  forms  the  basis 
of  all  our  genealogical  information  of  the 
family  down  to  recent  date.  A  much  fuller 
one  is  given  in  J.  A.  Bradney's  '  History  of 
Monmouthshire,'  but  the  value  of  this,  un- 
fortunately, is  much  lessened  by  the  almost 
entire  absence  of  dates.  According  to  the 
Visitation,  Sir  Nicholas  was  twice  married. 
In  1529  he  married  Margaret,  daughter 
of  Sir  William  Dennys  of  Dyrham,  co. 
Gloucester,  by  whom  he  had  —  in  addition 
to  a  younger  son  William  (died  s.p.)  and 
daughter  Catherine — an  elder  son  Rowland, 
who  is  stated  to  have  succeeded  to  High- 
nam, to  have  married  Mary,  daughter  of 
John  Brydges,  1st  Baron  Chandos,  and 
left  a  daughter  and  heiress  Dorothy,  wife 
to  Thomas  Lucy,  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Lucy 
of  Charlcote,  to  whom  she  carried  Highnam 
Court.  The  second  wife  of  Sir  Nicholas 
is  described  as  -  — ,  daughter  of  Ysham 
(i.e.,  Margaret,  daughter  of  John  I  sham  of 
Bryanston,  Dorset\  by  whom  he  left  one 
son  John,  who  settled  at  Llanthony  Abbey 
in  Monmouthshire,  where— we  learn  from 
Mr.  Bradney —  he  was  ancestor  of  a  long 
lino  of  Arnolds  who  flourished  until  the 
eighteenth  century. 

The  will  of  Sir  Nicholas  cannot  be  said 
altogether  to  confirm  the  foregoing  account 
of  hi<  family.  The  abstract — for  which 


I  am  indebted  to  my  friend  Mr.  A.  Rhodes — 
is  as  follows  : — 

Sir  Nicholas  Arnold,  Knight,  of  Hyneham, 
Co.  of  City  of  Gloucester— dated  10  April,  1580. 
Sick  of  body,  but  sound  memory.  To  be  buried 
anywhere  without  pomp.  To  wife,  Dame  Mar- 
garet Arnold,  all1  in  the  hands  of  Mr.  Atkynsr 
H.M.  Attorney-General,  and  leases  of  property  in/ 
N.  Wales.  To  my  son-[in-law]  Lucie  and  my 
daughter  his  wife,  Lease  of  Upleadon  and  Rud- 
ford.  To  Sir  Thomas  Lucie  my  bay  ambling 
colt  I  rode  on  which  I  bought  of  Mr.  William 
Morwent.  To  Sir  Thomas.  Porter,  Knight,  a 
colt.  To  my  brother  Richard  Arnold  a  colt. 
Gifts  to  servants.  My  wife,  Sir  Thomas  Porter, 
Knight,  William  Ouldworth,  and  Henry  Isam, 
Esq.,  executors,  to  each  10Z.  Witnesses,  Arnold! 
Palmer,  Wm.  Madock,  Richard  Mayo  (his  mark), 
Walter  Pickle,  John  Clerk  (mark),  Thos.  Prichett. 
Proved  13  May,  1580,  by  Margaret  Arnold, 
relict.  (17  Arundel). 

The  will  is  thus  brief.  A  peculiar  feature 
is  that  there  is  in  it  no  allusion  whatever 
to  any  son  or  sons  ;  yet  in  the  face  of  the 
Visitation  made  hardly  more  than  40  years 
after  his  death,  and,  I  think  we  may  take  it,, 
subscribed  to  by  his  grandsons,  it  is  impos- 
sible to  doubt  their  existence. 

That  there  is,  however,  something  not 
quite  accurate  in  the  Visitation  account 
seems  fairly  certain.  The  wife  of  Sir 
Thomas  Lucy  the  younger  (knighted  in 
1593)  is  clearly  stated  by  Sir  Nicholas  to 
have  been  his  daughter  (and  not  grand- 
daughter, as  in  the  Visitation).  The  Lucy 
pedigree  in  the  Visitation  of  Warwickshire 
agrees  with  that  of  Gloucestershire  in  call- 
ing her  the  daughter  of  Rowland  Arnold. 
On  the  other  hand,  Burke' s  '  History  of  the 
Commoners '  (sub.  Lucy  of  Charlecote), 
following  Wotton's  '  Baronetage,'  agrees 
with  the  will  that  she  was  daughter  of  Sir 
Nicholas.  The  will  can  hardly  be  in  error. 

The  Visitation  is  certainly  wrong  on  one 
other  point.  Rowland  Arnold  did  not 
marry  Mary,  daughter  of  John,  1st  Lord 
Chandos,  for  that  peer  had  no  daughter 
of  that  name.  Sir  Egerton  Brydges  in  his 
'  Chandos  Peerage  '  says  the  wife  of  Rowland 
Arnold  was  daughter  of  Thomas  Brydges 
of  Cornbury,  Oxon,  brother  to  the  1st  Lord 
Chandos.  When  did  Rowland  Arnold  die  ? 
He  seems  to  have  left  no  will  in  either 
London  or  Gloucester. 

The  fact  that  Dorothy  Lucy  inherited 
Highnam  Court  would  almost  seem  to  con- 
firm the  Visitation  rather  than  the  will.  It 
is  difficult  to  understand  how  she  could 
have  succeeded  while  she  had  brothers 
living,  unless  by  special  bequest  of  Sir 
Nicholas,  of  which  there  is  no  evidence  in 
his  will.  I  may  add  that  the  Visitation 


ii  s.  iv.  JULY  15,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


of  Gloucestershire,  1683  (under  Cooke  of 
Highnam),  agrees  with  the  Visitation  of 
1623  that  Dorothy  Lucy  was  daughter 
of  Rowland,  but  makes  her  mother — as  per 
Sir  E.  Brydges — the  niece,  and  not  daughter, 
of  Lord  Chandos. 

The  whole  position  is  curious,  and  wants 
light,  which  perhaps  some  of  the  corre- 
spondents of  '  N.  &  Q.'  may  be  able  to  cast 
upon  it.  W.  D.  PINK. 

"  GIFLA"  :   ISLEWORTH  : 
ISLINGTON. 

THE  smallest  assessments  in  the  '  Tribal 
Hidage '  are  those  of  300  hides.  Five 
regions  answer  thereto.  These  are  —  9. 
East  Wixna  ;  15.  Sweordona  (MS.  -ora)  ; 
16.  Gifla ;  17.  Hicca ;  26.  Fserpinga.  (I 
am  correcting  MB.  BROWNBILL'S  numera- 
tion because  he  has  set  down  "  Fserpinga  " 
out  of  its  true  place.)  The  p  of  Fcerpinga 
I  take  to  be  a  misreading  of  n,*  and  the 
emended  word  Fsern-inga  correctly  presents 
the  infected  form  of  the  princely  name  of 
Farri-.  The  true  order  of  the  MS.  is  24. 
Ytenaga  (MS.  ynetunga)  ;  25.  Dorsaetna 
(MS.  aroscetna)  ;  26.  Faerninga ;  27.  Bil- 
linga  (MS.  bilmiga)  ;  28.  Sutferigna  (MS. 
widerigga).  It  is  fairly  certain  from  this 
that  Faerningaland  lay  in  Hampshire,  to  the 
north  of  Meanwaraland,f  and  the  east  of 
Gewissaland,  the  chief  city  of  which  was 
Venta  Belgarum,  Wintanceaster.  Of  these 
two  ancient  regions,  the  first-named  was 
probably  assessed  among  the  1200  hides 
of  Ytena  ga ;  the  second  was  omitted  from 
the  list. 

Starting  from  the  English  Channel,  on 
the  east  of  Ytene,  or  Ytena  ga,  we  find 
Billingaland  (West  Sussex),  Faerningaland 
(North-East  Hampshire),  and  SuSerigna- 
land  (West  Surrey).  Still  proceeding  north- 
wards, we  look  in  vain  for  an  exact  reflex 
of  the  nomenclature  of  the  MS.  till  we 
come  to  Hitchin  in  Hertfordshire.  The 
survival  of  that  name  enables  us  to  identify 
the  western  part  of  the  county  as  Hiccaland. 
For,  just  as  Ytena  had  been  weakened  to 
Ytene  before  A.D.  1100,  so  also  must  Hicca 
(gen.  pi.)  have  been  reduced  to  Hicce  before 
1086,  when  the  Norman  assessors  called  it 
Hiz.  The  Norman  z  was  pronounced  like 


*  Cf.  10  S.  x.  227,  where  I  refer  to  eighth- 
century  n,  c,  and  p. 

t  O.E.  mean=Ol&  Icel.  *maun=Danish  mtin, 
Mori,  Seeland,  Falster,  and  Laland  were  comprised 
in  luthes-laeth  MSS.  Vithes  and  WWies).  luthes 
is  the  gen.  pi.  of  *Iuthja. 


our  ts  :  cf.  fiz,  fitz  ;  assez,  assets.  Ap- 
parently z  was  the  nearest  representation  of 
final  O.E.  palatal  c  (i.e.,  -ce)  that  the  Nor- 
mans could  contrive.  Its  use  proves  that 
at  the  time  of  the  Survey  Hicce  was  pro- 
nounced nearly  like  Hitch- :  cf.  bicce, 
fticce,  wicce,  bitch,  flitch,  witch. 

Taking  up  our  position  in  Hiccaland, 
we  will  now  inquire  where  its  neighbour 
Giflaland  lay.  To  the  westward  is  Ciltern- 
saetnaland ;  eastward  lies  East  Seaxna- 
land ;  southward  we  look  right  across 
Middlesex  and  the  Thames  to  SuSerigna- 
land ;  and  northward  is  Herefarnaland, 
the  herefinna  of  the  MSS.,  which  lay  partly 
in  Northamptonshire.  Sweordonaland  I 
have  not  yet  identified  satisfactorily. 

It  would  appear,  then,  that  Middlesex 
has  been  ignored.  But  there  is  an  ancient 
and  frequent  scribal  error  with  which  we  are- 
all  conversant,  and  which  is  due  to  the 
reading  of  long  s  as  /.  We  have  seen  already 
that  the  scribe  of  the  late  tenth  -  century 
MS.  misread  s,  together  with  the  first  minim 
of  u  in  sufterignaland,  as  w ;  and  in  "  Gifla  "" 
he  has  certainly  made  the  mistake  of  writing 
/  for  s.  I  propose,  therefore,  "  to  alter  the 
evidence  of  the  MS."  once  again,  and  to- 
emend  Gifla  to  Gisla.  This  done,  I  identify 
Gislaland  as  West  Middlesex,  and  for  the- 
following  reasons. 

The  O.E.  initial  g  was  palatal,  and  was 
pronounced  something  like  y  in  yes,  yet, 
yare.  This  admits  of  its  absorption  in  a 
following  long  palatal  vowel  i,  and  also 
explains  the  seventeenth  -  century  scribal' 
form  "  Thistleworth "  for  *Yisleworth,. 
which  equals  the  "  Gistelesworde  "  of  Domes- 
day Book,  and  the  "  Gislhereswyrth "  of 
an  eighth  -  century  charter  in  Birch,  *  C.  S".,' 
No.  87.  This  town  is  now  called  Isleworth 
(pron.  Izel-).  In  the  north  of  the  county  of 
London  we  find  Islington  (with  correption 
or  shortening  of  I).  This  town  appears 
three  times  in  the  Great  Survey :  twice  as 
"  Isendone,"  and  once  in  the  truer  form  of 
"Iseldone"  (130  b,  col.  2).  "Isendone" 
exhibits  the  French  confusion  of  the  liquids 
n  and  I :  cf.  Nicole  for  Lincoln  ;  O.  French 
nivel  for  Latin  libella,  our  "level"; 
O.  French  posterne  =  posterle,  for  Latin 
posterula.  "  Iseldone "  =  *Isladone,  i.e., 
Gislandun,  Ylsla's  down,  now  Islington. 
The  wavering  between  medial  -an-  and 
-ing-  in  place-names  is  a  well-known  pheno- 
menon :  cf.  Abbandun,  Abingdon  ;  Seccan- 
dun,  Seckington  ;  Niwantun,  Newington. 
The  etymon  of  Islington,  viz.  Glsla,  is  the- 
short  or  pet  form  of  the  name  Glslhere,  iiu 
"  Gislhereswvrth." 


44 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s.  iv.  JULY  15,  ion. 


The  occurrence  of  this  prince's  name 
twice  in  Middlesex,  sc.  in  "  Isleworth " 
and  "  Islington  "  ;  the  apparent  omission 
of  that  county  from  the  '  Tribal  Hidage '  ; 
the  probability  of  the  correctness  of  the 
emendation  of  gifla  to  "  Gisla  "  ;  and  the 
propinquity  of  16,  gifla,  and  17,  hicca,  in 
the  list,  would  seem  to  justify  the  location 
I  have  proposed. 

ALFRED  ANSCOMBE. 

30,  Albany  Koad,  Stroud  Green,  N. 

[MR.  ANSCOMBE'S  paper  was  in  the  Editor's 
hands  some  time  before  MR.  BROWKBILL'S  note 
on  '  The  Burghal  Hidage,'  anie,  p.  2,  was  printed.] 


ROBERT  BURTON'S  LIBRARY.— At  11  S.  i. 
325  I  drew  attention  to  the  appearance  in  a 
second-hand  catalogue  of  a  book  (John 
Pits' s  '  Relationes  ')  that  had  formerly  been 
in  Robert  Burton's  possession.  Prof.  Moore 
Smith  has  pointed  out  to  me  that  in  Mr. 
James  Tregaskis's  "  Caxton  Head"  Cata- 
logue 705,  dated  12  June,  1911,  there  is 
another  book  that  once  belonged  to  Burton. 

The  item  in  question  consists  of  two 
volumes  bound  together  apparently  by 
an  early  sixteenth  -  century  Cambridge 
binder.  The  first  is  a  copy  of  Erasmus's 
'  Moriae  Encomium '  with  Gerhard  Lister's 
notes,  Erasmus's  epistle  to  Martin  Dorp, 
Seneca's  '  Ludus  de  Morte  Claudii  Caesaris  ' 
with  Beatus  Rhenanus's  Scholia,  and  John 
Free's  Latin  translation  of  Synesius's 
'  Praise  of  Baldness,'  this  also  with  Beatus 
Rhenanus's  Scholia.  The  volume  was 
printed  by  John  Froben  at  Basel  in  1515. 
Bound  up  with  this  are  Erasmus's  '  De 
Duplici  Copia  Rerum  ac  Verborum,'  '  De 
Ratione  Studii  &  Instituendi  Pueros,'  and 
*  De  Puero  lesu  Concio,'  printed  by  Ascen- 
sius  (Josse  Bade)  at  Paris,  1512. 

According  to  the  account  given  in  the 
catalogue,  the  book  contains  the  autograph 
signatures  of  Robert  Burton  (2  Jan.,  1595) 
and  his  elder  brother  William  (1593). 
There  are  said  to  be  numerous  interlinear 
and  marginal  notes,  "  presumably  by  Robert 
Burton."  I  regret  that  I  have  had  no 
opportunity  of  examining  the  book. 

Erasmus's  '  Moriae  Encomium '  was  printed 
several  times  in  the  same  volume  with  the 
Latin  version  of  Synesius's  <&a\dKpas  tyK<*>/uov. 
Some  time  ago  I  had  conjectured  that 
Burton  used  one  of  these  editions.  See, 
for  example,  i.  1,  3,  2  of  '  The  Anatomy  of 
Melancholy,'  where  a  reference  to  Syne- 
sius,  "  inlaud.  calvit.,"is  found  between  two 
quotations  from  '  The  Praise  of  Folly.' 


Joseph   Hall   mentions   the   two   works   to- 
gether, '  Satires,'  VI.  i.  159, 

Folly  itselfe,  and  baldnes  may  be  praised, 
where    his    editors    indulge    in    some    very 
strange  statements. 

With  regard  to  the  '  Commentarii '  on 
'  Moriae  Encomium '  published  under 
Lister's  name,  but  frequently  attributed 
to  Erasmus,  Mr.  P.  S.  Allen  has  recently 
shown  in  his  edition  of  Erasmus's  '  Epis- 
tolse,'  vol.  ii.  p.  407,  that  the  question  of 
authorship  is  solved  by  Erasmus's  own  state- 
ment in  an  unpublished  letter  to  Bucer, 
from  which  it  appears  that,  in  consequence 
of  Lister's  dilatoriness,  Erasmus  had  been 
compelled  to  supply  a  great  part  of  the  notes 
himself,  but  had  generously  allowed  Lister 
to  take  the  full  credit. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

University  College,  Aberystwyth. 

"  J'Y  suis,  J'Y  RESTE." — This  well-known 
phrase  is  usually  attributed  to  Marshal 
MacMahon  in  the'  trenches  before  the 
Malakoff,  e.g.,  in  '  Dictionary  of  Quotations 
(French),'  by  T.  B.  Harbottle  and  Col.  P.  H. 
Dalbiac  (1908),  p.  75,  and  '  Gefliigelte 
Worte,'  ed.  20  (1900),  p.  519.  A  writer, 
however,  in  The  Athenceum  of  1  July, 
reviewing  the  English  translation  '  Men  and 
Things  of  my  Time,'  by  the  Marquis  de 
Castellane,  says  that  the  Marquis  used  the 
phrase  in  his  speech  to  the  National  Assembly 
on  18  November,  1873,  and 
"  now  asserts  that  it  was  invented  by  him  and  his 
wife  during  the  preparation  of  his  speech.  This  is 
a  good  story,  and  bears  some  mark  of  probability, 
as  serious  historians  of  the  Third  Republic  have 
quoted  M.  de  Castellane's  speech  as  the  principal 
corroboration  of  the  legend.  Yet  we  are  not  entirely 
convinced  that  the  confessed  hoaxer  of  the  National 
Assembly  is  not  now  hoaxing  his  readers." 

In  oratory  a  man  is  no  more  upon  oath 
than  in  lapidary  inscriptions,  to  quote  a 
Johnsonian  comparison.  The  careful  in- 
quirer would  perhaps  ascertain  whether 
MacMahon  had  that  gift  for  incisive  brevity 
which  belonged  to  some  great  men  of  action  ; 
otherwise  one  might  be  justified  in  concluding 
that,  as  usual,  some  professional  maker  of 
dicta  gave  a  saying  or  the  germ  of  a  saying 
that  quality  which  makes  it  "  fly  lively 
o'er  the  lips  of  men." 

When  once  the  idea  of  a  hoax  is  admitted, 
decision  becomes  much  more  difficult. 

NEL  MEZZO. 

"  MAKE  A  LONG  ARM." — It  could  not  be 
expected  that  the  '  N.E.D.,'  to  which  we 
are  all  profoundly  indebted,  should  in  every 
case  give  the  earliest  example  of  a  phrase. 


n  s.  iv.  JULY  is,  mi.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Bernardus  non  vidit  omnia.  Still,  it  is 
curious  that  no  earlier  instance  than  1884 
should  be  given  of  the  above  phrase  under 
arm.  Fuller,  in  his  ',  Pisgah-Sight,'  1650, 

S.    103,   says  :      "  How  long  an  arme  must 
aphtali  make  to  reach  to  Judah  !  " 
A     writer     in     The     Massachusetts     Spy, 
25  April,  1827,  seems  to  regard  it  as  a  local 
Americanism,  which  it  is  not  : — 

"  That  class  of  people  in  New  Jersey,  who  are  not 
very  particular  about  the  etiquette  of  fashionable 
life,  have  a  habit,  when  inviting  their  guests  at  table 
to  help  themselves,  of  saying  '  make  a  long  arm.'" 

RICHARD  H.  THORNTON. 
36,  Upper  Bedford  Place,  W.C. 

"  CROWN  PRINCE  OF  GERMANY." — We 
have  almost  become  reconciled  by  now  to 
the  "  Emperor  of  Germany  "  and  the  "King 
of  Belgium,"  which  the  daily  press  has 
invented  for  our  edification  :  newspapers 
have  reconciled  us  to  many  things.  But 
certainly  it  is  surprising,  not  to  say  painful, 
to  find  that  during  the  recent  show-days 
at  Westminster  Abbey  two  seats  therein 
were  ticketed .  "  The  Crown  Prince  of  Ger- 
many," "  The  Crown  Princess  of  Germany." 
W.  BAILEY  KEMPLING. 

ST.  SWITHIN'S  DAY. — The  common  adage 
regarding  St.  Swithin  is  : — 

St.  Swithin's  Day,  if  thou  dost  rain, 
For  forty  days  it  will  remain  ; 
St.  Swithin's  Day,  if  thou  be  fair, 
For  forty  days  'twill  rain  nae  mair. 

Many  persons  still  watch  the  appearance  of 
the  sky  with  anxiety  on  this  important 
day,  oblivious  of  the  circumstance  that 
total  change  of  date  has  been  effected  by 
the  Gregorian  reformation  of  the  calendar, 
and  that  they  should  consequently  make 
their  atmospheric  observations  nearly  a 
fortnight  later. 

Swithin,  or  Swithun,  was  born  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  Winchester,  probably 
about  the  year  800.  He  became  a  monk, 
and  gradually  rose  until  in  852  he  succeeded 
to  the  see  of  Winchester.  It  is  not  neces- 
sary here  to  give  the  life  of  the  saint.  I  need 
only  say  that  he  died  about  862,  leaving 
directions  to  be  buried  in  a  vile  place,  under 
the  droppings  from  the  eaves  on  the  north 
side  of  Winchester  Cathedral,  which  was 
accordingly  done.  A  hundred  years  after- 
wards, when  the  Cathedral  of  Winchester 
was  being  rebuilt,  Bishop  Ethelwold  and 
Archbishop  Dunstaii  were  desirous  of  en- 
riching the  new  church  by  the  possession 
of  some  distinguished  relics  ;  and  in  order 
to  revive  the  popular  veneration  for  St. 
Swithin,  appeal  was  made  to  King  Edgar, 


who  gave  orders  for  the  formal  translation 
of  the  relics  of  St.  Swithin  from  the  grave 
in  the  churchyard  to  the  interior  of  the 
Cathedral,  where  they  were  enclosed  in  » 
magnificent  shrine  and  placed  in  a  con- 
spicuous position.  A  splendid  ceremonial 
and  feast  accompanied  the  translation,, 
which  was  effected  on  15  July,  971  ;  and 
the  historians  inform  us  that  the  weather 
was  fair. 

According  to  tradition,  the  saint's  remains 
reposed  for  a  hundred  years  in  the  neglected 
spot  that  he  had  chosen  in  the  churchyard. 
As  the  clergy  felt  that  a  pious  member  of 
their  order  should  not  occupy  such  a  position 
they,  on  a  certain  day,  purposed  removing 
the  body  with  great  ceremony  into  the 
adjoining  cathedral  ;  but  the  rain  fell 
incessantly,  which  they  interpreted  as  a 
sign  from  heaven  warning  them  not  to 
disturb  the  remains  in  contravention  of 
the  wishes  of  the  saint  ;  so  they  abandoned 
the  idea.  The  popular  notion  concerning 
St.  Swithin's  Day  is  probably  due  to  some- 
pagan  belief  regarding  the  prophetic  charac- 
ter of  some  day  about  the  same  period  of  the 
year  as  St.  Swithin's  Day. 

France  has  her  patrons  of  showers  : — 

S'il  pleut  le  jour  de  Saint  Me'dard, 

II  pleut  quarante  jours  plus  tard  ; 

S'il  pleut  le  jour  de  Saint  Gervais  et  de  Saint 
Protais, 

II  pleut  quarante  jours  aprds. 

In  Belgium  there  is  St.  Godelieve  ;  and  in 
Germany  a  prophetic  character  is  ascribed 
to  the  day  of  the  Seven  Sleepers. 

The  legend  of  St.  Medard  is  related  by  the 
late  MR.  WILLIAM  BATES  at  1  S.  xii.  137; 
see  also  pp.  233  and  312  in  the  same  volume* 

TOM  JONES. 
[See  post,  p.  55.] 

ST.  EXPEDITUS. — In  an  article  entitled 
'  Some  Imaginary  Saints  '  Dr.  A.  Smythe 
Palmer  tells  an  amusing  story  in  The 
Guardian  of  30  June.  Here  it  is  : — 

"  Within  the  last  five  years  the  Roman  Church 
had  a  narrow  escape  of  being  saddled  with  a 
brand-new  Saint.  Some  nuns  in  Paris  were 
expecting  a  box  of  relics  from  Rome.  In  due 
course  a  case  arrived  bearing  with  the  address 
the  word  spedito  ('  dispatched  '),  and  the  date 
appended.  Obviously  these  were  the  bones  of 
some  famous  though  hitherto  unknown  martyr — 
St.  Expeditus,  one  whose  very  name  would  speak 
to  the  faithful  useful  lessons  of  good  speed  and 
expedition.  Appropriate  emblems  of  palm  and 
prompt  action  were  being  devised  for  his  statue, 
when  the  correct  interpretation  of  the  prosaic 
railway  label  by  some  busybody  dispelled  the- 
romantic  vision  and  robbed  the  Church  of  a  new 
martyr,  '  St.  Forwarded.'  " 


46 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  JULY  is,  ion. 


'  This  is  vastly  interesting  as  it  stands  ' 
•but  there  must  be  some  mistake.  "  Five 
years  ago  "  !  Why,  in  1897  St.  Expeditus 
was  niched  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  (8  S.  xii.  425)  ; 
and  in  1906  I  wrote  from  Laon  about  a 
fascinating  image  of  him  I  had  seen  at 
Vaux.  I  believe  I  had  previously  met  with 
•one  at  Tarascon,  but  I  failed  to  find  it  last 
Ttime  I  was  in  the  country  of  Tartarin. 
10  S.  v.  107,  156,  216,  297,  may  also  be  pro- 
-fitably  consulted  as  to  St.  Expeditus.  He 
rseems  to  be  rather  mythical,  but  certainly 
was  not  about  to  be  invented  a  lustrum 
.ago.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

TAILED  ENGLISHMEN.  (See  7  S.  vi.  347, 
493  ;  vii.  and  viii.  passim. ) — At  the  second 
reference  a  distich  is  quoted  from  a  mediaeval 
MS.  at  Berlin,  as  follows  : — 

Anglicus  a  tergo  caudam  gerit ;  est  pecus  ergo. 
v<Jum  tibi  dicit  ave,  sicut  ab  hoste  ca\Te. 

We  find  from  Skel ton's  '  Poems,'  ed. 
Dyce,  Boston  (U.S.),  1856,  i.  213,  that  one 
Dundas  of  Galloway  produced  a  triad  of 
similar  character  : — 

Anglicus  a  tergo  caudam  gerit ;  est  eanis  ergo. 

Ariglice  caudate,  cape  caudam  ne  cadat  a  te. 

Ex  causa  caudse  manet  Anglica  gens  sine  laude. 

Skelton  covers  Dundas  with  abuse  and  ridi- 
cule, much  of  which  he  deserves. 

RICHARD  H.  THORNTON. 
-36,  Upper  Bedford  Place,  W.C. 

WHIG  CLUB  BOOK.— I  think  I  recently 
saw  an  announcement  to  the  effect  that  the 
Whig  Club  Book  was  to  be  printed,  and  I 
hope  that  this  may  be  true.  I  came  across 
the  other  day  a  newspaper  cutting,  dating 
from  the  thirties  or  forties  of  the  last  century, 
in  which  it  is  stated  that  the  Whig  Club 
Book  from  1784  to  its  decline  was  sold  at 
Southgate's  auction-rooms  in  Fleet  Street 
for  36  guineas,  and  that  the  purchaser  was 
"  Bagster."  W.  ROBERTS. 

"  PRIVET  "  :  ITS  ETYMOLOGY.  —  Though 
the  'N.E.1V  considers  the  etymology  of 
"privet"  to  be  "unknown,"  and  rejects 
the  idea  of  its  being  a  doublet  of  private 
(see  10  S.  ix.  148,  197),  that  great  authority 
affords,  I  think,  ample  evidence  in  support 
-of  such  a  conclusion.  The  word's  several 
variants,  priuie,  prevet,  prim,  prim-print, 
are  quite  in  line  with  the  obsolete  forms  of 
•"  private,"  viz.,  pry  vat,  privet,  privit  ;  while 
the  earliest  quotation  under  the  adjective 
from  Trevisa  (1398)  seems  to  indicate  how 
the  former  term  came  to  be  applied  to  a 
private  road,  way,  or  hedge,  or  to  a  portion 
*>f  ground  shut  off  from  the  main  part  of 


a  garden  :  "  The  priuate  wey  longith  to 
ny$e  towne  and  is  schort  and  ny$  and  ofte 
y  growe  with  gras." 

From  the  practice  of  using  this  shrub, 
Ligustrum  Vulgare,  to  make  hedges,  which, 
of  course,  were  kept  carefully  clipped  for 
the  sake  of  convenience,  rather  than  for 
ornament,  causing  them  to  present  a  formal 
and  regular  appearance  no  doubt  the  variant 
"  prim  -  print,"  or  simply  "  prim,"  was 
evolved,  the  former  looking  uncommonly 
like  a  mis-reading,  or  misspelling,  of  "  prim 
privet." 

The  other  early  examples  given  by  the 
1  N.E.D.,' 

Set  priuie  or  prim, 

Set  boxe  like  him,         Tusser  (1573), 

and  "  The  borders  round  about  are  set  with 
priuie  sweete,"  Breton  (1593),  show  pretty 
plainly  the  derivation  of  the  word  to  bo 
analogous  to  that  of  the  substantive  common  ; 
the  latter  denoting  land  common  to  the 
public  needs,  as  the  former  denoted  a  path 
or  hedge  demarcating  private  property  or 
preserves.  One  more  example  from  the 
year  1650  makes  the  matter,  I  think,  quite 
obvious  :  "If  all  your  regiments  were  but 
so  many  private  bushes." 

In  regard  to  the  meaning  of  the  Latin 
quotation  of  1256  at  the  first  reference, 
"  excepto  marisco  qui  vocatur  benny  et 
excepto  parco  et  excepto  cooperto  de 
preuet,"  I  would  construe  "  except  the  marsh 
known  as  Benny's,  together  with  the  plan- 
tation and  Preuet' s  covert,"  Prevet  being  a 
personal  name  of  the  locality  ;  while,  as 
SIR  J.  MURRAY  observes,  the  name  of  the 
bush  does  not  occur  in  English  till  the 
sixteenth  century.  Even  the  adjectival 
form  is  only  met  with  apparently  towards  the 
end  of  the  fourteenth.  N!  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

SPANISH  ARMADA  :  SHIP  WRECKED  IN 
TOBERMORY  BAY. — A  paragraph  lately  ap- 
peared in  The  Glasgow  Herald  stating  that 
explosives  had  been  applied  to  the  Armada 
hulk  in  Tobermory  Bay,  but  without 
"  commensurate  results."  The  operations 
were  accordingly  discontinued  on  Saturday, 
10  June,  and  during  the  following  week  the 
salvage  vessel  was  dismantled. 

The  failure  of  the  treasure  hunt  will 
hardly  come  as  a  surprise  to  many,  as  it 
had  been  frequently  pointed  out  that  the 
vessel  in  question  was  not  the  Florencia, 
and  that  she  carried  no  appreciable  amount 
of  treasure.  It  was,  for  instance,  stated  by 
a  contributor  to  '  N.  &  Q.'  (10  S.  xii.  330) 
that  the  Tobwnory  *hip  was  really  the 


ii  s.  iv.  JULY  15,  ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


47 


San  Juan  Bautista.  "  This  vessel,  a  hired 
transport  or  nao,  the  property  of  Fernando 
Ome,  200  tons,  crew  of  60,  with  24  guns, 
carried  no  treasure."  T.  F.  D. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 

SHERIDAN'S  '  CRITIC  '  :  T.  VATJGHAN. — 
In  connexion  with  the  Gala  Performance 
at  His  Majesty's  Theatre  on  27  June,  at 
which  a  mutilated  version  of  '  The  Critic  ' 
was  represented,  an  excellent  article  on  that 
play  appeared  in  The  Morning  Post  of  that 
date,  which,  for  purposes  of  future  reference 
as  well  as  on  its  own  merits,  deserves  to  be 
recorded  in  these  columns.  The  article 
reproduced  a  notice  of  the  play  which  was 
published  in  The  Morning  Post  for  1  Novem- 
ber, 1779,  two  days  after  the  play  was  pro- 
duced, and  which  was  evidently  written  by 
some  one  who  was  behind  the  scenes,  and 
could  identify  the  characters  who  were  bur- 
lesqued in  the  piece.  Richard  Cumberland 
is  generally  supposed  to  stand  for  Sir  Fretful 
Plagiary,  but,  as  the  article  says  : — 

"  What  of  the  other  characters  ?  Who  was 
the  original  of  Dangle  ?  The  writer  of  the  notice 
appears  to  know.  Some  have  said  he  was  a 
4  Mr.  Vaughan  '  who  had  busied  himself  in  the 
Eichmond  Theatre,  and  had  written  letters  in 
The  Morning  Post." 

I  should  like  to  learn  something  further 
of  this  "  Mr.  Vaughan."  In  a  copy  of  the 
first  edition  of  '  The  Critic  '  in  my  possession 
a  former  owner  has  pasted  on  one  of  the 
fly-leaves  the  following  cutting  from  The 
Morning  Chronicle  of  28  December,  1811  :— 

"  Thomas  Vaughan,  Esq.— This  Gentleman, 
whose  death  we  recently  announced,  Was  formerly 
weU  known  in  the  circles  of  literature  and  fashion. 
He  used  to  declare  that  he  was  the  person  men- 
tioned by  Churchill  in  the  following  lines  of  his 
'  Bosciad  ' : — 

While  Vaughan,  or  Dapper,  call  him  what  you 
will, 

Shall  blow  the  trumpet,  or  give  out  the  bill. 

"  It  is  more  probable  that  the  Vaughan  here 
alluded  to  was  the  brother  of  Mrs.  Pritchard,  the 
celebrated  Actress,  and  who  was  on  the  stage 
at  the  same  time.  Mr.  Vaughan,  however,  in 
consequence  of  this  assumption,  generally  went 
by  the  name  of  Dapper  Vaughan.  He  was  also 
called  Vinegar  Vaughan,  among  his  friends, 
not  from  any  real  sourness  in  his  temper,  but  from 
a  kind  of  sarcastic  humour.  He  is  also  supposed 
to  be  the  persoia  represented  by  Mr.  Dangle  in 
Sheridan  s  '  Critic.'  He  was  the  Author  of  a 


collection  of  Poems,  two  or  three  Plays,  Faroes, 
Prologues,  Epilogues,  and  Novels.  For  many 
years  past,  he  had  been  in  the  constant,  and 
almost  daily  habit  of  sending  his  poetical  con- 
tributions to  the  several  public  prints,  subscribed 
'  T.  V.  Lambeth  Road,'  where  he  had  long  resided, 
though  without  necessity.  We  were  in  the 
constant  habit  of  receiving  from  him  poetical 
trifles,  some  of  which  have  met  the  public  eye  ; 
and,  to  shew  that  the  passion  was  not  abated  by 
age,  we  received  from  him  a  copy  of  verses  on 
the  day  preceding  his  death.  He  was  a  tolerable 
good  scholar,  with  a  ready  and  a  lively  humour 
in  conversation,  \vhich  he  retained  to  the  last. 
He  was  for  many  years  Clerk  of  the  Peace  for 
Westminster,  and  held  that  office  at  his  death." 

The  late  Mr.  R.  W.  Lowe,  in  the  notes  to 
his  edition  of  '  The  Rosciad,'  1891,  says  in 
one  on  the  passage  quoted  above  (p.  31)  : — 

*'  Thomas  Vaughan,  Clerk  to  the  Commission 
of  the  Peace  for  Westminster,  wrote  some  plays 
and  was  a  great  dabbler  in  theatrical  affairs. 
His  nickname  of  '  Dapper  '  was  given  him  by 
Colman  in  the  course  of  a  literary  quarrel ;  and 
Sheridan  is  said  to  have  intended  Dangle  m  '  The 
Critic  '  to  be  a  portrait  of  Vaughan." 

Notwithstanding  his  considerable  literary 
output,  Vaughan  has  failed  to  find  a  place 
in  the  *  D.N.B.'  A  namesake  (fl.  1772- 
1820)  is  included,  who  was  also  a  dramatist 
and  a  solicitor  in  Westminster.  This  may 
have  been  a  son.  W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 


DICKENS  AND  THACKERAY  :  MANTA- 
LINI.— I  do  not  know  if  it  has  ever  been 
noticed  that '  The  Great  Hoggarty  Diamond,' 
published  in  1841,  contains  a  reference  to 
Madame  Mantalini,  whom  Dickens  had 
introduced  to  readers  in  *  Nicholas  Nickleby,' 
monthly  numbers,  1838-9.  In  chap.  x. 
I  read  : — 

"  Add  to  this,  I  received,  just  at  the  time 
when  I  was  most  in  want  of  cash,  Madame 
Mantalini' s  bill " 

Is  there  any  other  instance  of  the 'con- 
veyance of  a  fictitious  character  in  this 
way  from  a  contemporary,  except,  of  course, 
for  purposes  of  parody  ?  NEL  MEZZO. 

ST.  SABINTJS  OR  ST.  SALVIUS. — Shortly 
before  his  death  Col.  Harding  of  Barn- 
staple  told  Mr.  Thomas  Wainwright  of  that 
town  that  St.  Sabinus  (or  St.  Salvius)  was 
a  British  saint  who,  when  on  a  missionary 
voyage,  was  wrecked  on  Woolacombe 
Sands.  Can  any  of  your  readers  give 
an  authority  for  this  statement,  or  for  the 
shipwreck  of  any  early  saint  upon  that 
coast  ?  It  had  been  intended  to  dedicate 
the  new  church  to  St.  Sabinus,  but  so  far 
no  confirmation  of  Col.  Harding' s  story  has 
been  forthcoming.  G.  B.  LONGSTAFF. 


48 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [n  s.  iv.  JULY  15,  mi. 


POPE  AND  BYRON  QUOTED  ix  A  COURT 
or  JUSTICE. — Leslie  Stephen  in  his  essay 
on  '  Pope  as  a  Moralist,'  which  appeared 
in  The  Cornhill  Magazine  in  1873,  and  was 
reprinted  in  the  first  volume  of  '  Hours  in 
a  Library,'  wrote  : — 

"  A  recent  dispute  in  a  court  of  justice  shows 
that  even  our  most  cultivated  men  have  forgotten 
Pope  so  far  as  to  be  ignorant  of  the  source  of 
the  familiar  words — 

What  can  ennoble  sots,  or  slaves,  or  cowards  ? 

Alas  !   not  all  the  blood  of  all  the  Howards." 
('Essay  on  Man,'  iv.  215.) 

A  little  further  on  he  observes  :  "  Pope, 
we  have  seen,  is  recognized  even  by  judges 
of  the  land  only  through  the  medium  of 
Byron.'' 

What  is  the  incident  to  which  Leslie 
Stephen  was  referring  ?  The  way  in  which 
the  reference  is  made  suggests  that  the  case 
in  question  was  one  of  general  notoriety. 
The  first  Tichborne  trial,  it  may  be  noted, 
had  come  to  an  end  in  1872. 

EDWARD   BENSLY. 

University  College,  Aberystwyth. 

LIEUT.- COL.  OLLNEY. — Can  any  reader 
give  me  some  particulars  concerning  Lieut.- 
Col.  Ollney,  who  left  17  pictures  to  the 
National  Gallery  in  1837  ? 

E.  V.  LUCAS. 

TROMP  ix  ENGLAND  :  JOHN  STANHOPE, 
LONDON  PRINTER,  1664. — Dom  Francisco 
Manuel  de  Mello,  the  Portuguese  writer, 
met  Tromp  in  August-September,  1641, 
and  heard  from  that  admiral  an  account  of 
his  victory  over  Oquendo  at  the  Battle  of 
the  Downs  in  1639.  The  place  of  meeting 
is  variously  written  in  Portuguese  works  as 
Valmir  and  Valmud.  Was  Tromp  at 
Walmer  or  Falmouth  at  the  date  mentioned  ? 

Among  the  presses  which  Dom  Francisco 
Manuel  engaged  to  print  his  works  in  1664 
(he  says)  was  that  of  Juan  Stenop  in  London. 
Is  anything  known  of  a  printer  named 
John  Stanhope  at  that  date  ? 

EDGAR  PRESTAGE. 

Chiltera,  Bowdon,  Cheshire. 

'  LYRICS  AND  LAYS.' — Can  any  one  in- 
form me  as  to  the  authorship  of  "  Lyrics 
and  Lays,  by  Pips,"  an  octavo  volume  of 
210  pages,  published  at  Calcutta  in  1867, 
and  consisting  of  about  forty  poetical  pieces 
of  varying  length  and  merit  ?  The  sub- 
jects range  from  occurrences  of  1848  to 
those  of  1866,  and  the  most  important  and 
longest  contents  are  '  The  Great  Rent  Case  : 
a  Lay  of  the  High  Court  in  the  Year  1865,' 
and  '  The  Great  Durbar  '  (held  at  Agra  by 


Sir  John  Lawrence,  Governor-General)  in 
1866,  each  teeming  with  personal  allusions, 
sometimes  rather  trenchant  in  character- 
The  preface  mentions  that  some  of  the  con- 
tents have  appeared  in  Indian  newspapers 
and  periodicals,  and  no  doubt  there  are 
many  yet  living  who  can  supply  the  author's 
name.  W.  B.  H. 


GEORGE  ELIOT  ON  A  MAGIC  RING. — In 
'  Silas  Marner,'  chap,  xv.,  we  read  : — 

"That  famous  ring  that  pricked  its  owner  when- 
he  forgot  duty  and  followed  desire — I  wonder  if  it 
pricked  very  hard  when  he  set  out  on  the  chase,  or 
whether  it  pricked  but  lightly  then,  and  only  pierced 
to  the  quick  when  the  chase  had  long  been  ended ^ 
and  hope,  folding  her  wings,  looked  backward  and 
became  regret." 

What  ring  is  meant  ?  Who  was  the 
hunter,  and  what  the  special  occasion  here 
hinted  at  ?  F.  E.  BEVAN. 

16,  Alexandra  Drive,  Liverpool  S. 

[Several  rings  possessing  this  magical  property 
are  described  at  9  S.  xi.  211,  490.] 

• 

B.  W.  PROCTER ("  BARRY  CORNWALL  "). — 
I  have  some  autograph  verses  by  him 
beginning 

Hearts  we  had  in  our  sunny  youth. 

Have  they  ever  been  printed  ? 

XYLOGRAPHER, 

TOUCHING    A    CORPSE    AT    FUNERALS. — 

Fifty  years  ago  at  funerals  it  was  customary 

I  for  a  man  to  stand  near  the  coffin  and  invite 

|  people  to  come  and  see  the  corpse.     Most 

persons  touched   the  corpse  with  a  finger, 

i  but  if  any  one  moved  away  without  doing 

I  so,    the    attendant    said    sharply  :    "  Touch 

!  the  corpse."     Why  was  this  done  ? 

JOHN  MILNE. 
Aberdeen. 

EVATT  FAMILY.  -  -  Perhaps  GENERAL 
|  EVATT  (see  US.  iii.  367,  437,  476)  may  bo 
interested  in,  or  can  throw  light  upon  the 
identity  of  the  Mr.  Evatt  (Evett  or  Evitt) 
who  was  interred  in  the  church  of  SS.  Anne 
and  Agnes  in  1636-7,  being  apparently  a 
person  of  some  substance.  His  Christian 
name  is  not  recorded,  but  his  widow,  Alice,, 
was  buried  in  1643. 

WILLIAM   McMuRRAY. 

THE  THREE  HEAVENS. — In  '  A  String  of 
Pearls  ;  or,  The  best  things  reserved  till 
last,  Discovered  in  a  Sermon  preached  in 
London,  June  8,  1657,  at  the  Funeral  of 
(that  Triumphant  Saint)  Mris.  Mary  Blake 
late  wife  to  (his  Worthy  Friend)  Mr. 
Nicholas  Blake,"  &c.,  Thomas  Brooks,  the 


ii  s.  iv.  JULY  is,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


49 


author  —  "  her  much  endeared  Friend, 
spiritual  Father,  Pastor,  and  Brother,  in 
the  Fellowship  of  the  Gospel,  and  Preacher 
of  the  Word  at  Margarets  New  Fish-street  " 
—  has  this  passage  on  p.  31  of  the  third 
edition  of  his  book,  printed  in  London  in 
1661  :— 

"  There  are  three  Heavens  ;  the  first  is 
Ccclum  Aeriutn,  the  Aiery  Heaven,  where  the 
Fowls  of  Heaven  do  five  ;  the  second  is  Cesium 
Astriferum,  where  the  stars  of  Heaven  are  ;  and 
the  third  is  Cwlum  Beatorum,  the  Heaven  of  the 
Blessed,  where  God  appears  in  eminency,  and 
where  Christ  shines  in  glory." 

In  his  long  discourse  of  222  pages  the 
preacher  frequently  gives  references  in  the 
margin  to  various  Fathers  for  his  quotations, 
but  there  is  none  in  this  place.  I  should  be 
pleased  to  learn  from  whom  he  has  taken 
the  Latin  words  in  the  above  passage. 

JOHN  T.   CUBBY. 

DOG'S  MONUMENT  AT  QUILON.  —  Can  any 
reader  tell  me  who  was  the  hero  of  the  follow- 
ing interesting  dog  story,  narrated  by  Sir 
William  Butler  ('  Autobiography,'  p.  48) 
apropos  of  his  visit  to  Quilon  on  the  Malabar 
Coast  in  May,  1863  ? 

"  A  mile  before  making  the  landing-place? 
we  came  on  one  of  the  many  mimic  promontories 
rising  from  the  water  which  has  a  stone  monu- 
ment built  upon  it.  It  has  a  history.  Many 
years  ago  a  certain  Col.  Gordon  was  resident  at 
Quilon.  He  w»,s  the  owner  of  a  large  Newfound 


land  dog.  One  morning  Gordon  was  bathing 
in  the  lake  off  this  promontory  ;  the  dog  lay  by 
his  master's  clothes  on  the  shore.  Suddenly  he 


began  to  bark  in  a  most  violent  manner.  Gordon, 
unable  to  see  any  cause  for  the  animal's  excite- 
ment, continued  to  swim  in  the  deep  water. 
The  dog  became  more  violently  excited,  running 
down  to  the  water's  edge  at  one  particular  point. 
Looking  in  the  direction  to  which  the  animal's 
attention  was  drawn,  the  swimmer  thought  that 
he  could  perceive  a  circular  ripple  moving  the 
otherwise  smooth  surface  of  the  lake.  Making 
for  the  shore,  he  soon  perceived  that  the  ripple 
was  caused  by  some  large  body  moving  stealthily 
under  the  water.  He  guessed  at  once  the  whole 
situation  :  a  very  large  crocodile  was  swimming 
well  below  the  surface,  and  making  in  his  direc- 
tion. The  huge  reptile  was  already  partly 
between  him  and  the  shore.  The  dog  knew  it 
all.  Suddenly  he  ceased  barking,  plunged  into 
the  water,  and  headed  in  an  oblique  line  so  as  to 
intercept  the  moving  ripple.  All  at  once  he 
disappeared  from  the  sxirface,  dragged  down  by 
the  huge  beast  beneath.  When  the  dog  found 
that  all  his  efforts  to  alarm  his  master  were  use- 
less, he  determined  to  give  his  own  life  to  save  the 
man's,  and  so  Col.  Gordon  built  the  monument 
on  the  rock  above  the  scene,  and  planted  the 
casarina  tree  to  shadow  it." 

Mr.  O.  S.  Barrow,  Lay  Trustee  of  the 
English  Church  at  Quilon,  tells  me  that  he 
has  often  made  inquiries  by  whom  the  monu 


ment,  which  has  no  inscription  and  stands 
in  the  grounds  of  the  Thevally  Palace,  was 
erected.  The  church  registers  give  no  clue, 
but  the  burial  register  at  Alleppey,  which 
is  50  miles  by  water  from  Quilon,  notes  the 
deaths  of  two  children  of  Capt.  Robert 
Gordon,  Bombay  Engineers,  in  1823  and 
1825.  This  officer,  who  was  a  son  of  the 
Rev.  Ludovick  Gordon,  minister  of  Drainie, 
and  grandfather  of  Mr.  Charles  Stewart  Loch 
of  the  Charity  Organisation  Society,  died 
at  Bombay  in  1834.  J.  M.  BULLOCH. 

118,  Pall  Mall,  S.W. 

BBISBANE  FAMILY. — I  am  compiling  a 
genealogy  of  those  branches  of  this  family 
that  descend  from  the  issue  of  John  Brisbane 
of  Bishoptoun  by  his  second  wife,  Margaret 
(or  Elizabeth  ?),  daughter  of  John  Hamilton 
of  Broomhill  in  Lanarkshire. 

William  Frazer  in  his  '  Genealogical 
Table  of  the  Families  of  Brisbane  of  Bishop- 
toun and  Brisbane,'  &c.,  published  at  Edin- 
burgh in  1840,  mentions  only  one  son,  the 
Rev.  William  Brisbane,  Minister  of  Erskine, 
who  was  ordained  in  1603  and  died  circa 
1642,  in  all  of  whose  descendants  I  am 
especially  interested,  and  I  shall  be  glad  of 
information  concerning  their  line  of  descent. 
The  South  Carolina  family  of  Brisbane,  it 
is  believed,  belong  to  this  branch. 

In  a  memorial  of  the  family  drawn  up  on 
the  16th  of  August,  1748,  by  George  Craw- 
ford, Esq.,  "  Historiographer  and  Anti- 
quarian," at  Glasgow,  he  says  : — 

"  There  came  of  the  family  of  Brisbane  of 
Bishopton  many  cadets  that  were'  younger 
brothers  of  the  house  of  Brisbane,  as  the  Bris- 
banes  of  Barnhill  and  Silverland,  shire  of  Renfrew 
....The  Brisbanes  of  Roslyn  [Rossland  ?]  in 
the  sonship,  who  were  descended  of  Mathew 
Brisbane,  eldest  son  of  John  Brisbane  of  Bishopton 
in  King  James  VI. 's  time  by  his  second 
lady,  Margaret  [Frazer's  '  Table  '  gives  Eliza- 
beth], daughter  and  one  of  the  three  coheiresses 

of      David     Hamilton,      &c Of     the     same 

marriage  was  Mr.  William  Brisbane,  parson 
of  Erskine,  of  whom  descended  Dr.  Mathew 
Brisbane,  physician  in  Glasgow.  Another  son 
of  Mathew  Brisbane  of  Roslyn  was  Sir  John 
Brisbane,  Advocate  in  the  Royal  Navy  in  the 
reign  of  Charles  II.,  grandfather  to  the  present 
[1748]  Lord  Napier  ;  and  of  another  son  of 
Mathew  Brisbane,  the  first  Laird  of  Roslyn, 
James  Brisbane,  came  Mr.  James  Brisbane, 
minister  at  Kilmalcolm,  afterwards  at  Sterling, 
and  other  gentlemen  of  the  surname  of  Brisbane,' 
&c. 

I  have  transcribed  the  foregoing  from 
a  manuscript  copy  of  the  memorial,  and  it 
may  possibly  be  worded  differently  from 
the  original.  It  shows,  however,  that 
there  was  at  least  one  other  son  of  John 


50 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  JULY  15, 1911. 


Brisbane  of    Bishopton,  Mathew,  who  left 
descendants. 

Any  information  concerning  the  above 
branches  of  the  family  of  Brisbane,  as  also 
the  origin  and  meaning  of  the  surname,  will 
be  appreciated.  Please  reply  direct. 

E.   HAVILAND   HILLMAN,   F.S.G. 
c/o  Anglo-South  American  Bank, 
Old  Broad  Street,  E.G. 

DR.  BARNARD,  PROVOST  OF  ETON. — To 
what  family  did  Capt.  George  Barnard 
of  St.  Giles  -  in  -  the  -  Fields,  grandfather  of 
Edward  Barnard,  Provost  of  Eton  1765-81, 
belong  ?  Capt.  Barnard  married  a  lady 
named  Martha  (maiden  surname  unknown), 
and  died  in  Flanders  in  1693.  It  has  been 
suggested  that  he  was  George  Barnard, 
appointed  as  wagon-master  to  the  Artillery 
Train  for  Ireland  by  the  Duke  of  Schom- 
berg,  where  he  served  1689  to  1690. 

The  Rev.  George  Barnard,  father  of  the 
Provost,  was  curate  in  charge  of  Harpenden, 
Herts,  1716-46,  and  Vicar  of  Luton  1745-60. 
His  wife's  name  was  Dorothy  (maiden  sur- 
name unknown).  I  am  anxious  to  ascertain 
the  surnames  of  both  Dorothy  and  Martha. 

Dr.  Edward  Barnard's  arms  (Arg.,  on 
bend  az.  three  escallops  of  the  field)  appear 
in  *  The  Encyclopaedia  Britannica,'  vol.  viii., 
1797,  but  I  have  not  been  able  to  connect 
him  with  any  of  the  families  of  Barnard 
or  Bernard  who  now  bear  the  same  coat  of 
arms.  H.  C.  BARNARD. 

Bury  Orchard,  Wells,  Somerset. 

PITT'S  BUILDINGS  :  WRIGHT'S  BUILDINGS. 
— Could  any  of  your  readers  kindly  assist 
me  to  identify  the  houses  known  in  1793  as 
Pitt's  Buildings  and  Wright's  Buildings, 
Kensington  ?  Pitt's  Buildings  are  mentioned 
by  Faulkner,  but  not  identified  by  Loftie. 
Do  the  houses  still  exist,  or  what  streets 
have  been  built  on  their  site  ? 

MARY  TERESA  FORTESCUE. 

Sprydoncote,  Exeter. 

FOXES  AS  GUARDS  INSTEAD  OF  DOGS. — 
Can  some  one  tell  me  whether  the  gates  of 
the  Dublin  barracks  were  ever  guarded  by 
foxes  instead  of  dogs  ?  or  was  it  the  gate  of 
some  estate  in,  or  on  the  borders 'of,  Wales 
that  was  thus  guarded  (1825  to  1840  say)  ? 

L.  V. 

DUBLIN  BARRACKS,  1828-40. — Can  any 
one  tell  me  what  regiments  were  in  the 
Portobello  Barracks,  Dublin,  between  1828 
and  1840  ?  Had  one  of  these  regiments 
possibly  foxes  as  pets  ?  L.  V. 

Edinburgh. 


GUILDS    OF    WEAVERS    AND 
CLOTHIERS. 

(11  S.  iv.  8.) 

THE  clothiers  were  the  descendants  of  the 
weavers.  There  were  guilds  of  weavers 
first ;  then  guilds  or  crafts  of  drapers  and 
tailors  ;  and  later  there  were  clothiers. 
The  precise  differences  between  these  in- 
dustries, as  far  as  can  now  be  known,  are 
dealt  with  in  W.  J.  Ashley's  '  Early  History 
of  the  Woollen  Industry  '  (American  Eco- 
nomic Association),  Baltimore,  1887.  This 
work  in  a  revised  and  fuller  form  is  embodied 
in  his  '  Economic  History,'  London,  1893, 
vol.  i.  part  ii.,  together  with  far  more  valu- 
able and  critical  material  than  is  found  in 
any  other  book  upon  the  subject  of  the  cloth 
and  woollen  industries. 

There  were  guilds  of  weavers  at  Win- 
chester, York,  Huntingdon,  and  Nottingham 
as  early  as  the  twelfth  century.  In  1351, 
at  a  time  pf  some  grievance  among  them, 
"  the  poor  weavers  of  London  "  represented 
to  Edward  III.  that  Henry  II.  had  given 
them  a  charter  with  a  monopoly  of  their 
craft.  Following  the  weavers  came  the 
drapers  in  the  second  half  of  the  fourteenth 
century.  The  term  "draper"  was  first 
used  for  any  one  working  or  dealing  in  cloth, 
and  the  drapers  became  rivals  of  the  weavers 
in  the  sale  of  cloth.  The  drapers  obtained 
a  charter  about  1364,  and  in  1384  they 
purchased  a  hall,  and  thus  obtained  an 
administrative  centre.  This  hall  was  in 
St.  Swithin's  Lane,  just  off  Cannon  Street, 
which  was  then  the  centre  of  the  weavers 
in  London.  The  difference  between  drapers 
and  tailors  in  the  fifteenth  century  is  not 
easy  to  define.  The  tailors  of  London 
secured  a  grant  of  incorporation  in  1408, 
and  the  drapers  in  1438.  We  find  the  tailors 
of  Southampton  acting  as  a  corporate  body 
against  aliens  in  1474.  The  drapers  and  the 
tailors  shared  the  right  of  search  at  St. 
Bartholomew's  Fair,  testing  the  cloth  sold 
by  "  the  drapers'  ell  "  and  by  "  the  merchant 
tailors'  silver  yard." 

In  the  fifteenth  century  the  cloth  in- 
dustry spread  from  the  towns  to  the  country, 
and  a  new  class  of  men,  ca>lled  clothiers, 
arose.  These  clothiers  were  unlike  those 
who  had  gone  before  them,  for  they  con- 
trolled every  stage  of  the  business,  from  the 
buying  of  the  wool  to  the  turning  out  of  the 
finished  article  (Ashley,  p.  228). "in  the  six- 


ii s.  iv.  JULY  io,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


51 


teenth  century  there  was  some  friction 
between  weavers  and  clothiers,  and  in  the 
Weavers'  Act  of  1555  the  preamble  sets 
forth  :  "  Forasmuch  as  the  weavers  of  this 
realm  have  complained  that  the  rich  and 
wealthy  clothiers  do  in  many  ways  oppress 
them,"  &c. 

A  guild  or  fellowship  of  the  clothworkers 
of  Newbury  existed  in  the  reign  of 
Henry  VIII. ;  and  in  1601  certain  privileges 
already  held  were  confirmed  to  this  guild 
by  a  charter  of  Queen  Elizabeth.  Mr. 
Walter  Money  contributed  to  the  Journal 
of  the  British  Archaeological  Association, 
New  Series,  vol.  ii.,  1896,  pp.  263-7,  many 
interesting  details  of  this  guild,  whish  still 
exists.  Thomas  Baskerville,  in  describing 
a  journey  from  Abingdon  to  Southampton 
about  the  time  of  Charles  I.,  says  of  New- 
bury  folk  : — 

"  They  are  a  very  sociable  people,  and  to  increase 
trade  do  keep  great  feasts,  each  several  company, 
they  and  their  wives,  feasting  together,  especially 
the  clothiers  and  hatters.  For  coming  one  day 
through  the  town,  and  staying  at '  The  Globe  Inn  ' 
to  dine  one  of  the  companies,  they  and  their 
wives,  after  they  had  heard  a  sermon  at  church, 
were  met  at  c  The  Globe  "*  with  the  town  music, 
who,  playing  merrily  before  them,  the  men  in  their 
best  clothes  followed  them,  and  after  them  the 
women  in  very  good  order,  two  and  two,  neatly 
trimmed  and  finely  dressed,  all  in  steeple-crowned 
hats,  which  was  a  pleasant  sight  to  behold." 

Several  families  in  Newbury  bear  such 
names  as  Weaver,  Tucker,  Dyer,  and  Shear- 
man ;  and  there  is  still  standing  in  the  town 
the  Cloth  Hall.  The  Guild  possesses  some 
items  of  corporate  insignia,  including  the 
beadle's  silver-mounted  staff  of  office,  and  a 
belt  with  the  arms  of  the  Newbury  weavers 
engraved  on  a  silver  shield,  worn  by  the 
beadle  at  the  annual  festival. 

There  are  other  facts  given  in  Mr.  Money's 
valuable  paper  which  appear  to  answer 
very  directly  the  REV.  J.  W.  OSMAN'S 
question.  Mr.  A.  F.  Pollard's  article  in 
the  '  D.N.B.'  upon  John  Winchcombe 
(Jack  of  Newbury),  and  Thomas  Deloney's 
*  Pleasant  History  of  John  Winchcomb/in 
his  Younger  Yeares  called  Jack  of  New- 
berie,  the  Famous  and  Worthy  Clothier  of 
England,'  should  be  seen.  Leland  refers  to 
*'  one  Stump  of  Malmesbury,"  who  as  a 
great  clothier  occupied  "the  whole  lodgings 
of  the  Abbey,"  and  "  intendeth  to  make  a  j 
street  or  two  for  clothiers  in  the  back  vacant  ! 
grounds  of  the  Abbey." 

The  bibliography  of  the  subject  includes 
first  in  importance  W.  J.  Ashley's  '  Econo- 
mic History,'  vol.  i.  part  ii.  chap,  ii.,  on  the  I 
Crafts  (Guilds),  and  chap,  iii.,  «  The  Woollen  ' 


Industry.'  Herbert's  '  History  of  the 
Twelve  great  Livery  Companies  '  includes 
the  Merchant  Taylors,  vol.  ii.  pp.  382-530  ; 
the  Drapers,  vol.  i.  pp.  389-498  ;  and  the 
Clothworkers,  vol.  ii.  pp.  643-64.  In  the 
case  of  the  Clothworkers  I  append  titles  of 
various  other  books  relating  to  them: — 

Charters  (The)  and  Letters  Patent  granted  by 
the  Kings  and  Queens  of  England  to  the  Cloth- 
workers'  Company  (1480-1688).  Transcribed 
from  the  originals  in  the  possession  of  the  Com- 
pany. London,  1881.  4to. 

Ordinances  of  the  Clothworkers,  Fullers,  and 
Shearmen  ;  with  a  general  account  of  their 
charters  and  constitution  from  Edward  IV.  to 
Elizabeth,  n.d.  4to. 

Ordinances  (The)  of  the  Clothworkers'  Company, 
together  with  those  of  the  Ancient  Guilds  or 
Fraternities  of  the  Fullers  and  Shearmen  of  the 
City  of  London  (1480-1639).  Transcribed  from 
the  originals  in  the  possession  of  the  Company. 
London,  1881.  4to. 

Towse,  W.  B.  Selections  from  the  Rules  and 
Orders  of  the  Court  of  the  Clothworkers'  Company, 
together  with  the  ordinances  or  by-laws  sanc- 
tioned by  the  judges  in  the  year  1639.  (London) 
1840.  8vo. 

The  Royal  Commission  on  Livery  Companies* 
1884,  supplements  Herbert's  book  very  well. 

Outside  London  the  only  considerable 
company  which  has  had  its  history  printed 
is  the  Merchant  Taylors  of  Bristol,  written 
by  Mr.  F.  F.  Fox  (fifty  copies  privately 
printed,  Bristol,  1880).  The  book  is  illus- 
trated, and  includes  a  picture  of  the  Merchant 
Taylors'  Hall  at  Bristol.  Two  years  earlier 
(1878)  Mr.  Fox  published  a  paper  on  'The 
History  of  the  Guilds  of  Bristol '  which 
is  printed  in  the  Bristol  and  Gloucestershire 
Archaeological  Society's  Proceedings,  vol.  iii., 
pp.  90-98.  In  1889  Mr.  Fox  issued  '  An 
Account  of  the  Weavers  of  Bristol'  which 
was  also  privately  issued  in  Bristol  and 
limited  to  fifty  copies.  There  is  a  sheet  in 
the  B.  M.  dated  1630,  "  To  all  the  clothiers 
of  England— The  state  of  the  difference 
between  the  clothiers  and  the  City  of 
London."  A.  L.  HUMPHREYS. 

187,  Piccadilly,  W. 


KEATS,  HAMPSTEAD,  AND  SIR  C.  W. 
DILKE  (11  S.  iii.  145,  176,  196).— The 
Borough  of  Hampstead  has  now  come  into 
possession  of  the  valuable  testamentary 
gift  made  by  the  late  Sir  Charles  Dilke, 
which  finds  permanent,  appropriate  shelter 
at  the  Central  Library  in  the  Finchley  Road. 
The  Libraries  Committee  is  to  be  congratu- 
lated upon  the  method  of  arrangement 
adopted  for  displaying  the  various  memen- 
toes of  the  poet  to  the  best  advantage  ; 
also  upon  the  choice  of  the  inscription  upon 


52 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  JULY  15, 1911. 


the  "  home "  of  this  prized  collection' 
"  The  Dilke  Bequest  of  Keats'  Relics " 
is  admirably  concise  and  indicative.  The 
present  writer,  when  recently  inspecting  the 
treasures,  was  sorry  to  note  the  paucity  of 
visitors  ;  but  that  is  a  neglect  which  cannot 
certainly  long  prevail.  The  Hampstead  and 
Highgate  Express  gives  the  following  as 
a  list  of  the  items  : — 

"  Letters  written  by  Keats  ;  letters  received 
by  him  from  Leigh  Hunt ;  a  trinket  containing 
a  lock  of  his  hair  ;  his  notebook  when  a  medical 
student ;  books  owned  by  him  (some  with  mar- 
ginal notes)  ;  love-letters  to  Fanny  Brawn  e  ; 
various  sketches  and  portraits  of  Keats,  a  plaster 
mask,  and  a  bust  of  the  poet." 

The  latter  two  are  not  as  yet,  apparently, 
in  position.  CECIL  CLABKE. 

Junior  AthenaBum  Club. 

MISTRESS  KATHEBINE  ASHLEY  OB  ASTLEY 
(11  S.  iii.  447;  iv.  13).— MB.  BAYLEY'S 
reply  will  not,  I  fear,  help  in  elucidating  the 
identity  of  this  lady.  My  query  was, 
How  could  Katherine  Champernowne  have 
married  Sir  John  Astley  when  at  the  time 
referred  to  she  was  the  wife  of  another  ? 
Sir  John's  second  wife,  Margaret,  called 
"  daughter  of  Thomas,  Lord  Grey,  brother 
of  Henry,  Lord  Grey,"  is  certainly  inac- 
curately described.  There  was  neither  a 
Thomas  nor  a  Henry  Lord  Grey  at  that 
period  who  could  have  held  this  relationship 
to  her.  The  lady  intended  is  Margaret, 
daughter  of  Lord  Thomas  Grey,  second  son 
of  the  second  Marquis  of  Dorset,  and  brother 
to  the  unfortunate  Henry  Grey,  Duke 
of  Suffolk.  Lord  Thomas  was  beheaded 
27  April,  1555,  for  being  concerned  in  the 
Wyatt  insurrection.  His  wife's  name  seems 
to  be  unknown,  and  it  was  probably  this 
circumstance  that  led  Sir  Egerton  Brydges 
in  his  '  Peerage '  (sub  Earl  of  Stamford) 
to  express  a  doubt  of  Lord  Thomas  leaving  a 
daughter.  Her  epitaph  at  Maidstone — 
where  she  died  in  1601 — styles  her  "daughter 
of  Thomas  Grey,  branched  out  of  the  right 
honourable  house  of  the  Greys,  Dukes  of 
Suffolk,  Marquises  of  Dorset,  &c." 

Margaret  Astley  was  executrix  to  her 
husband,  and  proved  his  will  in  1596. 

W.    D.    PINK. 

BUBNS  AND  '  THE  WEE  WEE  GEBMAN 
LAIBDIE  '  (11  S.  iii.  286,  354,  430;  iv.  14). 
— A  few  final  words  may,  perhaps,  be  per- 
mitted on  this  topic.  In  the  first  place, 
Ma-ginn  is  a  very  slender  authority  on  any- 
thing connected  with  Scotland,  which  he 
once  banned  as  a  "  beggarly  "  region  in- 
habited by  "  loons  with  bottomless  b  reeks." 


As;  however,  his  statement  regarding  Hogg 
and  Cunningham  has  been  accorded  the 
value  of  substantial  evidence,  it  should  have 
consideration.  Maginn  was  avowedly 
familiar  with  all  the  lyrics  in  the  '  Remains 
of  Nithsdale  and  Galloway  Song,'  and  also 
with  a  body  of  "  Jacobite  relics,"  which  he 
says  Cunningham  gave  or  lent  to  Hogg 
before  the  time  of  the  Cromek  venture.  The 
second  products,  he  avers,  are  superior  to 
the  first  :  "  they  are,"  in  his  own  words,. 
"  simply  chefs  d'ceuvre,  and  are  almost,  but 
not  entirely,  equalled  by  the  Jacobite 
relics."  He  thus  distinguishes  and  dis- 
criminates, making  it  clear  that  the  two 
sets  of  lyrics  are  separate  and  unrelated. 
Were  .it  not  so,  we  should  be  entitled  to 
charge  the  critic  with  comparing  and  con- 
trasting certain  poetical  compositions  with 
themselves.  Therefore  we  are  justified  in 
concluding  that  there  is  nothing  in  the  one 
group  which  is  repeated  in  the  other.  This 
postulates  the  exclusion  of  '  The  Wee  Wee 
German  Lairdie  '  from  the  "  relics  "  given 
or  lent  to  Hogg,  and  disposes  of  the  argument 
from  Maginn 's  statement  for  Cunningham's 
authorship  of  that  song. 

Secondly,  it  is  the  case  that,  when  a  lad 
of  eighteen,  Cunningham  had  an  interview 
with  Hogg  on  Queensberry  Hill,  and  read 
or  recited  to  him  some  of  his  experiments 
in  verse.  Hogg  reports  the  incident,  and 
adds  that  the  friendship  thus  begun  was 
diligently  fostered  by  himself.  "  From  that 
day  forward,"  he  observes,  "  I  failed  not 
to  improve  my  acquaintance  with  the  Cun- 
ninghams. I  visited  them  several  times  at 
Dalswinton,  and  never  missed  an  opportunity 
of  meeting  with  Allan."  There  is  no  allusion 
in  this  or  other  authentic  reports  to  such 
literary  deception  as  that  given  from  tradi- 
tion at  the  last  reference.  At  the  same 
time,  this  floating  story  of  Cunningham's 
trickery  receives  colour  from  what  isdefinitely 
known  regarding  his  actual  proceedings. 
Even  if  the  legend,  however,  is  to  be  assumed 
as  chronicling  a  fact,  it  remains  to  be  proved 
that  '  The  Wee  Wee  German  Lairdie  '  was 
the  lyric  with  which  the  eclectic  aspirant 
abused  the  good  nature  of  his  friend.  Yet 
this  is  now  called  "  Cunningham's  song, 
which  imposed  upon  Hogg."  Wherein  is 
the  warrant  for  the  large  assumption  ? 

Finally,  there  is  still  Hogg's  "  older 
collection,"  which  included  '  The  Wee  Wee 
German  Lairdie,'  and  which,  it  is  now  evident, 
was  not  the  cluster  of  "  Jacobite  relics " 
mentioned  by  Maginn.  Though  tin's  an- 
thology may  never  be  seen  again,  there 
is  no  reason  to  doubt  that  it  once  existed. 


n  s.  iv.  JL-LY  is,  i9ii.j        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


and  that  it  contained  the  lyric  under  dis- 
cussion, which  was  familiar  to  Hogg  as  a 
traditional  song  and  "  a  great  favourite  all 
over  Scotland."  Till  Hogg's  statements  can 
be  explained  away,  it  will  be  impossible 
to  assign  the  authorship  of  '  The  Wee  Wee 
German  Lairdie  '  to  Allan  Cunningham  or 
any  other  writer.  THOMAS  BAYNE. 

[We  cannot  insert  more  on  this  subject.] 

GOWER  FAMILY  OF  WORCESTERSHIRE 
(11  S.  ii.  249,  417,  452;  iii.  472).— As  the 
lineage  of  William  Gower,  M.P.  for  Ludlow, 
has  been  queried,  it  is  as  well  to  give  the 
following  information  concerning  what 
Grazebrook  in  his  'Heraldry  of  Worcester- 
shire' terms  "a  right  ancient  family." 

The  descent  from  Richard  Gower  of 
Whittington,  co.  Wore.  (temp.  Ed.  I.),  to 
William  Gower  of  Boughton  St.  John,  co. 
W^orc.  (son  of  Henry  Gower  of  Boughton  St. 
John  by  his  wife  Barbara  Littleton),  who 
married  Eleanor,  daughter  of  John  Folliott 
of  Pirton,  and  died  1601,  is  in  'Visitation 
of  Worcestershire  of  1569  '  (Harl.  Soc.). 

The  second  son  of  William  Gower,  i.e., 
George  Gower  of  Colemers,  co.  Wore., 
succeeded  to  the  Boughton  St.  John  property 
on  the  death  of  his  elder  brother  John  Gower 
in  1625,  and  was  father  to  Abel  Gower,  M.A. 
Oxon.,  Fellow  and  Proctor  of  Oriel  College, 
who  was  born  1567  ;  married  at  St.  Bartho- 
lomew-the-Less,  London,  1  June,  1614,  Ann 
Withers  ;  and  died  1632  (will  proved 
P.C.C.  1632). 

Abel  Grower's  elder  son,  Abel  Gower  of 
Boughton  St.  John  (born  1620  and  died 
1671  :  will  proved  P.C.C.  1671),  had  by 
Ma.ry  his  wife  two  sons,  who  are  both 
mentioned  in  his  will  :  (1)  Robert  and  (2) 
William,  M.P.  for  Ludlow.  (Particulars 
of  William  Gower  and  his  descendants  are 
supplied  in  Burke' s  '  Landed  Gentry  '  under 
4  Gower  of  Glandovan ').  The  elder  son, 
Robert  Gower  of  Boughton  St.  John  and 
of  Buttonbridge  Hall,  co.  Salop  (born  1645), 
married  in  1671  Katherine,  daughter  of 
Sir  William  Lacon  Childe  of  Kinlet,  co. 
Salop,  and  died  1690  (will  proved  P.C.C. 
1690).  His  eldest  son,  Abel  Gower  of 
Boughton  St.  John  (born  1672),  married 
in  1692  Mary,  daughter  of  -  -  Alnut  of  (?) 
Penshurst,  Kent,  and  died  1710,  leaving 
two  sons  :  Abel  Eustace  Gower  (born  1707, 
died  1711)  and  William  Gower  (born  1701), 
who  married  in  1729  Ann,  daughter  of 
Edward  Thorp  of  Chiddingstone,  Kent,  and 
died  2  November,  1788. 

William  Gower  between  1724  and  1728 
considerably  encumbered  his  estate,  and  by 


indentures  of  lease  and  release  dated  16  and 
17  October,  1729,  disposed  of  Boughton  St. 
John  to  one  Joseph  Weston,  thus  parting 
with  a  property  which  had  been  in  the 
family  for  many  generations.  William 
Gower  had  several  children,  the  eldest  of 
whom,  Edward  Gower  of  Chiddingstone, 
was  born  1744,  married  Jane  Honey  wood  of 
Ashford,  Kent,  and  was  father  to  Edward 
Gower,  whose  descendants  are  given  in  Mr. 
Crisp's  '  Visitation  of  England  and  Wales,' 
vol.  xv.  p.  38. 

I  have  related  the  devolution  of  the 
Boughton  St.  John  property  to  show  that 
Nash  ('History  of  Wore.')  was  wrong  in 
stating  that  it  "descended  to  the  Ingrains 
in  the  female  line."  Nash  was  evidently 
confusing  Boughton  St.  John  with  the  ad- 
joining estate  of  Earl's  Court,  which  did  so 
descend.  H.  A.  BULLEY. 

The  difference  of  opinion  as  to  whether  the 
cross  in  the  Gower  arms  is  flory  or  patonce 
may  be  accounted  for  by  Mr.  Barren's  ex- 
planation that  both  these  terms  are  given 
in  Tudor  and  modern  heraldry  to  variants  of 
the  mediaeval  cross  paty  :  "  The  true  cross 
paty,  when  encountered  by  the  armorist  in 
its  plump  shape  (fashion  of  1300),  is  ticketed 
cross  patoncee  ;  but  when  the  fashion  of 
1450  thins  its  arms  it  straightway  becomes 
a  cross  flory  "  (Ancestor,  L  51).  The  term 
"  paty  "  or  "  pate,"  Mr.  Barron  points  out, 
is  applied  in  modern  heraldry  only  to  the 
old  cross  formy.  G.  H.  WHITE. 

St.  Cross,  Harleston,  Norfolk. 

LUSH   AND   LUSHINGTON   SURNAMES   (11    S. 

iii.  490).  —  The  name  Lushington  occurs 
frequently  in  the  parish  registers  of  this 
neighbourhood,  but  in  its  earlier  form  is, 
I  think,  without  the  h. 

In  '  Testamenta  Cantiana,'  p.  157,  Thos. 
Lustenton  of  Stonden,  1495,  desires  in  his 
will  to  be  buried  in  the  churchyard  of 
Hawkinge,  near  Folkestone. 

In  Saltwood  register,  under  1579,  is  the 
record  of  the  marriage  of  Alice  Lussenton  ; 
and  at  Cheriton  is  that  of  Robertus  Lussing- 
ton. 

About  the  middle  of  the  next  century 
the  spelling  changes  to  Lushington. 

R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

Sandgate. 

Long,  '  Personal  and  Family  Names, 
1883,  says  :— 

"Lusher  (le  usher)  and  Lush.  Lushington,  tha 
town  of  the  son  of  Lush." 

W.  B.  GERISH. 


54 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       tus.iv.  JULY  is,  1911. 


Lush,  according  to  '  The  Norman 
People,'  comes  from  Simon  de  Lusco  of 
Normandy,  mentioned  (1180-95)  in  '  Magn. 
Slotul.  Scaccarii  Normannise,'  in  the 
Memoires  de  la  Societe  des  Antiquaires  de 
la  Normandie.  The  name  of  Gaufridus 
Loske  also  occurs  therein. 

In  the  *  Rotuli  Hundredorum '  (Record 
publication)  his  descendants  Michael  and 
Nicholas  Losse  are  stated  to  have  been 
resident  in  England  c.  1272. 

HARRY  HEMS. 

'Fair  Park,  Exeter. 

[SiiTOCS  also  thanked  for  reply  ] 

5 '  NIB  "  =  SEPARATE  PEN-POINT  (US.  iii. 
346). — i  do  not  understand  DR.  KRUEGER'S 
difficulty  about  this  word  in  its  restricted 
sense.  In  English,  at  any  rate,  the  modern 
meaning  of  "pen"  is  the  complete  implement, 
stem,  holder,  and  nib  :  this  being  the  general 
acceptation  of  the  name  since  the  virtual 
•disappearance  of  the  quill  pen.  The  use  of 
44  nib  "  to  denote  a  pen-point  apart  from 
the  holder  is  neither  novel  nor  vulgar  ;  in 
fact,  it  is  the  only  available  word  we  have  ; 
though  in  America  a  nib  with  a  blunt  or 
broad  point  always  goes  by  the  name  of 
4t  stub  "  :  a  less  pleasing  term  by  far,  to 
my  fancy,  than  "nib."  The  'N.E.D.'  gives 
•examples  of  the  latter  from  1837  and  1840. 
I  can  remember  "  boxes  of  nibs "  being 
much  in  evidence  in  English  schools  in  the 
sixties.  N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

ST.      DUNSTAN     AND      TlJNBRIDGE      WELLS 

{11  S.  iii.  489). — The  lines  quoted  by  MR. 
OOWER  are  a  variant  of  lines  5  and  6  of  '  A 
Lay  of  St.  Dunstari,'  one  of  '  The  Ingoldsby 
Legends.'  St.  Dunstan's  political  career 
has  been  mixed  up  with  his  ecclesiastical 
in  an  inextricable  manner,  while  both  have 
been  the  subject  of  legend,  of  which  that  of 
seizing  the  devil  by  the  nose  with  the  tongs 
is  one.  It  is  told  in  the  life  of  St.  Dunstan 
by  Osbern,  and  can  be  seen  in  the  Rolls 
series,  pp.  84-5,  also  the  Introduction, 
p.  Ixv.  A.  RHODES. 

Walter  Gale,  the  Sussex  schoolmaster, 
records  that  in  1749 

"  there  was  at  Mayfield  a  pair  of  tongs,  which  the 
inhabitants  affirmed,  and  many  believed,  to  be  that 
with  which  St.  Dunstan,  who  had  his  residence  in 
.•a  fine  ancient  dome  in  this  town,  pinched  the  devil 
by  the  nose  when,  in  the  form  of  a  handsome  maid, 
he  tempted  him/'— See  'The  Book  of  Days'  (R. 
Chambers),  i.  331. 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 
[ScOTUS  also  thanked  for  reply,] 


CORPSE  BLEEDING  IN  PRESENCE  OF  THE 

MURDERER  (US.  ii.  328,  390,  498  ;  iii.  35, 
92,  398).— The  Japanese  belief  that  blood 
will  flow  from  a  corpse  when  it  is  approached 
by  one  dearly  loved  was  also  held  in  this 
country.  It  is  noted  in  Hone's  c  Year-Book  ' 
at  p.  592  that  Reginald  Scot  in  his  '  Discovery 
of  Witchcraft '  says  :— 

"  I  have  heard  by  credible  report,  that  the  wound 
of  a  man  murtherecl  renews  bleeding  at  the  presence 
of  a  dear  if  riend  or  of  a  mortal  enemy.  Divers  also 
write  that  if  one  pass  by  a  murthered  body  (though 
unknown)  he  shall  be  stricken  with  fear,  and  feel 
in  himself  some  alteration  of  nature." 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

TWINS  AND  SECOND  SIGHT  (11  S.  iii.  469). 
— There  is  an  idea  amongst  some  people  that 
twins  are  "  more  than  ordinary,"  and  that 
when  they  are  living  in  different  places  the 
one  feels  or  knows  when  the  other  is  ill,  that 
something  more  than  usual  is  taking  place. 
Twins  are  often  "  odd "  and  do  strange 
things.  One  I  know,  a  woman,  is  singular 
in  her  ways.  In  making  excuses  for  her, 
her  mother  often  says  :  "  Oh  !  take  no  notice 
of  her :  she's  a  twin."  She  certainly 
"  comes  out "  with  singular  expressions, 
and  seems  to  have  an  intuition  of  things 
about  to  happen  ;  but  it  hardly  fits  in 
with  the  term  "  second  sight." 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

Worksop. 

The  old  superstition  about  "  second  sight 
prevailed  generally  all  over  the  Highlands 
and  islands  of  Scotland  about  a  hundred 
years  ago.  It  has  now  virtually  disappeared 
except  on  the  rare  occasions  when  its  ashes 
are  revived  for  the  benefit  of  tourists  able 
to  pay  handsomely  for  samples  of  its  mani- 
festation. Apparently  it  differed  consider- 
ably from  the  curious  variety  of  "  second 
sight  "  described  in  the  query.  The  High- 
land "  second  sight  "  consisted  in  beholding 
things  at  a  distance  or  events  in  the  future, 
generally  of  a  calamitous  nature  to  the 
persons  listening  to  the  seer.  Twins  were  not 
understood  to  have  any  greater  aptitude 
for  the  weird  gift  than"  persons  otherwise 
properly  qualified.  The  seventh  son  of  a 
seventh  son,  however,  was  popularly  credited 
with  a  capacity  to  discern  the  occult  and 
mysterious.  It  was  invariably  considered 
that  "  second  sight,"  or  any  other  mystical 
endowment,  was  his  to  exercise  at  pleasure. 
The  curious  and  interesting  incidents  de- 
scribed in  the  query  would  seem  to  have  been 
cases  of  "spiritual  intuition  "  rather  than 
"  second  sight  "  in  the  old  Highland  sense. 

SCOTUS. 


ii  s.  iv.  JULY  io,  ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


00 


ARCHBISHOP  STONE  OF  ARMAGH  (11  S- 
iii.  450).— See  the  '  D.N.B.,'  vol.  liv.  p.  405» 
for  Andrew  Stone  (1703-73),  and  p.  410  for 
George  Stone  (1708  ?-64).  They  were  sons 
of  Andrew  Stone,  a  prominent  banker  of 
Lombard  Street,  London,  by  his  wife  Anne 
Holbrooke.  The  Under-Secretary's  only 
son,  Thomas,  died  before  he  was  twelve 
years  of  age,  and  was  buried  in  Westminster 
Abbey  on  15  February,  1761.  The  Arch- 
bishop died  unmarried,  and  was  buried  in 
Westminster  Abbey.  His  portrait  by  Ram- 
say is  in  the  hall  of  Christ  Church,  Oxon. 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 
[T.  S.  R.  W.  also  refers  to  the  'D.N.B.'] 

WELLINGTON  STATUES  IN  LONDON  : 
M.  C.  WYATT  (US.  iii.  285).— The  following 
extract  from  The  Times  of  21  June  may  be 
added  to  the  note  at  the  above  reference. 
The  quotation  contained  in  it  is  taken  from 
The  Times  of  June,  1838  :— 

"  The  Times  comments  as  follows  of  the 
appointment  of  Mr.  Wyatt,  the  sculptor,  to 
design  the  Wellington  Memorial : — 

'  '  It  is  a  week  or  ten  days  since  we  raised 
our  voice  against  one  of  the  most  mischievous, 
offensive,  and  revolting  jobs  that  ever  disgraced 
this  country,  so  fertile  in  them.  It  behoves  us, 
we  see,  to  try  our  hand  again  ;  and  if  the  noblest 
of  the  fine  arts  can  yet  be  rescued  from  insult, 
or  the  memory  of  the  greatest  living  Englishman 
from  desecration,  it  is  our  bounden  duty — in  the 
discharge  of  which  we  earnestly  claim,  nay, 
supplicate,  the  cordial  help  and  support  of  all 
our  brethren  of  the  press,  without  distinction 
of  politics  or  party — to  denounce  and  reprobate, 
in  the  face  of  the  whole  world,  the  monstrous 
attempt  upon  human  patience  which  is  now  in 
progress,  and  of  which  the  authorship  rests,  as 
our  correspondents,  and  indeed  the  printed  reports, 
inform  us,  with  Sir  Frederick  Trench. 

'  '  The  job  in  question  is  no  other  than  the 
consignment  of  the  "  Wellington  Memorial," 
for  the  western  end  of  the  metropolis,  to  a  certain 
Mr.  Wyatt,  to  whom  we  are  indebted  for  that 
burlesque  effigy  miscalled  an  "  equestrian  statue  " 
of  George  III.,  which  adorns  a  part  of  Westminster 
formerly  known  as  Cockspur  Street,  but  latterly, 
through  the  good  offices  of  the  said  Mr.  Wyatt, 
distinguished  as  "  Pigtail-place." 

'  We  had  ourselves  never  heard  of  this  person 
being  remarkable  for  any  piece  of  original  statuary 
but  a  "  monument,"  as  it  was  misnamed,  to  the 
Princess  Charlotte,  wherein  the  body  of  the 
deceased  appears  dripping  under  a  wet  sheet, 
as  if  just  dragged  out  of  the  Thames — and  her 
corpulent  spirit  (a  separate  portion  of  the  same 
group),  mounting  with  painful  difficulty,  pretty 
much  after  the  fashion  of  a  prize  calf  at  Smithfield. 
Surely  such  a  piece  of  lumbering  feebleness  and 
animal  vulgarity  never  yet  disgraced  a  sculptor's 
chisel,  or  deformed,  as  it  now  does,  the  interior 
of  a  Christian'^church.'  " 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 


"  FRANKLIN  DAYS  "  :  "  BORROWING 
DAYS"  (11  S.  iv.  9).—"  Franklin  days" 
seem  to  be  the  English  mediaeval  rendering 
of  li  Cavalie,  the  Knights'  days,  considered 
in  Provence  and  other  parts  of  Southern 
France  as  critical  days  for  weather.  They 
probably  became  naturalized  in  England 
during  the  Plantagenet  times  of  close  inter- 
course with  Southern  France,  which  brought 
so  many  Provencal  words  and  customs  to 
England.  The  terms  "  Franklin  "  may 
have  been  adopted  to  avoid  the  ambiguity 
of  "  knights'  "  in  conjunction  with  "  days  "  ; 
and  this  group  of  days  appears  to  have 
shifted  to  certain  critical  days  two  or  three 
weeks  later. 

The  first  of  the  series  of  knights  is  the 
knight  St.  George's  Day,  the  23rd  of  April  ; 
then  come  St.  Mark  on  the  25th,  and  St. 
Eutropius  on  the  30th.  To  these  is  added 
Holy  Cross  Day,  3  May,  as  in  the  saying, 

Jourget,  Marquet,  Troupet,  Crouset, 
Soun  li  quatre  cavali6, 

with  the  variant  "  Soun  li  quatre  capoulie 
de  la  fre,"  i.e.,  are  the  four  chiefs  of  cold. 

In  this  rime  the  names  of  the  knights 
or  chiefs  are  given  in  their  familiar  diminu- 
tives, Jourget  for  Jorgi,  &c.  ;  and  Holy 
Cross  Day  is  personified.  Sometimes  St. 
John  of  the  Lateran  Gate,  6  May,  is  added 
to  the  knights  ;  and  St.  Philip  on  the  1st 
of  May  is  also  considered  critical. 

Another  group  of  saints,  Pancras,  Gly- 
cerius,  and  Boniface,  the  three  saints  de 
glace  of  Northern  as  of  Southern  France, 
are  held  responsible  for  the  cold  weather 
frequently  occurring  from  the  12th  to  the 
14th  of  May.  I  have  heard  an  English 
saying  that  "  the  12th  of  May  is  the  coldest 
day."  This  cold  snap  often  occurs  some- 
what later,  perhaps  as  a  consequence  of  the 
New  Style  in  a  country  which  has  forgotten 
most  of  the  saints.  However,  this  year, 
as  indeed  I  have  observed  in  other  years, 
a  cold  northerly  wind  blew  in  Paris,  as  at 
Exeter,  on  the  19th  and  following  days. 
It  is  to  this  group  of  days  that  the  term 
"  Franklin  days,"  originally  earlier,  appears 
to  have  shifted. 

The  critical  day  of  English  summer, 
St.  Swithin,  15  July,  is  in  France  that  of 
St.  Medard,  8  June  ;  and  in  the  south 
St.  Gervase,  19  June,  shares  the  obloquy 
of  the  latter  saint  in  possibly  bringing  a 
long  spell  of  rainy  weather  even  more 
dreaded,  as  wheat  is  usually  fit  for  reaping 
by  St.  John  the  Baptist's  Day,  24  June. 
After  this  month  rain  is  welcome  and  critical 


56 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       rn  s.  iv.  JULV  is,  mi. 


saints'  days  are  fewer.  With  St.  Luke, 
18  October,  autumn  begins  ;  he  cools  the 
soil  and  fits  it  for  sowing. 

At  the  new  year  critical  days  are  again 
observed.  Candlemas,  2  February,  is  criti- 
cal for  the  weather  of  the  next  forty 
days.  A  quotation  in  the  '  E.D.D.'  under 
*  February '  shows  that  in  the  Highlands 
there  are  often  three  stormy  days  which 
February  has  borrowed  from  January. 
This  idea  of  one  month  borrowing  days  from 
the  preceding,  or  from  the  following,  month, 
for  good  or  for  evil,  seems  to  be  widespread. 
In  Italy  there  are  i  giorni  della  Ve-cchia, 
at  Mid-Lent,  when  expected  spring  often 
begins  with  very  cold  weather.  For  the 
reason  of  this  name  I  must  return  to  Pro- 
vence, though  doubtless  Italian  folk-lorists 
may  be  able  to  give  the  Italian  legend  of 
these  days,  the  Provencal  days 

quand  la  Vieio  encagnado 
mando  a  Febri6  sa  reguignado  ('  Mireio,'  vi.), 

when  the  angry  old  woman  sends  a  kick 
back  to  February.  These  jour  de  la  Vieio 
are  the  last  three  of  February  and  the  first 
three  of  March.  The  legendary  old  woman, 
seeing  February  about  to  pass  off  favourably 
for  her  pasture,  said,  like  Dante's  blackbird 
(' Purgatorio,'  xiii.),  "  Now  I  fear  thee  no 
longer  "  :  but  February  went  to  March  and 
borrowed  three  days  from  him,  and  was  thus 
able  to  punish  the  old  woman  by  six  days 
of  such  cold  that  her  flock  of  sheep  perished. 
The  old  woman  kicked  :  she  bought  some 
cows,  but,  not  having  learnt  wisdom,  she 
rejoiced  again  towards  the  end  of  March. 
This  month,  having  three  days  left,  borrowed 
four  days  from  April,  and  punished  the  old 
woman's  cows  so  effectually  that  these 
seven  days  are  called  li  Vaqueirieu  or  li 
jour  negre  de  la  Vaco,  the  black  days  of  the 
cow.  Since  then  farmers  have  taken  care 
not  to  halloo  till  they  are  well  out  of  the  risk 
of  the  bad  weather  likely  to  come  in  the 
critical  days  from  February  till  the  end  of 
June. 

I  have  told  the  story  only  of  the  Knights' 
days  and  of  borrowed  days,  but  a  good  many 
saints  throughout  the  Southern  calendar, 
which  is  different  from  the  Northern,  have 
something  said  for  or  against  them  as 
influencing  weather. 

It  is  not  easy  to  say  how  far  the  saint, 
or  the  day  bearing  his  name,  is  made  respon- 
sible for  the  weather,  but  the  Southern 
peasant  reckons  seasons  rather  by  saints' 
days  than  by  dates  ;  and  in  a  country  where 
a  saint  who  fails  to  send  rain  in  answer  to 
prayer  may  find  his  statue  put  out  in  a  sun- 


burnt dry  ditch  to  see  how  he  likes  the- 
drought,  it  seems  that  general  opinion 
considers  the  saints  responsible  for  the- 
weather,  rather  than  the  dates  attributed! 
to  them  in  the  calendar. 

EDWARD  NICHOLSON. 
Neuilly. 

[For  St.  S  within  and  St.  Medard  see  ante 
p.  45  ;  for  "  borrowing  days  "  in  England  and? 
Provence  see  the  notes  by  ST.  SWITHIN  at  9  S.  xii- 
23,  351.] 

MUMMY  USED  AS  PAINT  BY  ARTISTS^ 
(US.  iv.  7). — In  the  lists  issued  by  many 
artists'  colourmen  of  England,  France,. 
Germany,  and  Italy  an  oil-paint  figures  as- 
mummy,  momie,  Mumie,  or  mummia.  I 
think  the  question  asked  by  MR.  G~ 
McMuRRAY  of  New  York  may  best  be  an- 
swered by  the  following  quotation  from  my 
'  Chemistry  of  Paints  and  Painting,'  3rdr 
ed.,  1901,  pp.  236-7  :— 

"  '  Mummy  '  as  a  pigment  is  inferior  to  prepared 
but  superior  to  raw  asphalt,  inasmuch  as  rfc  has  been* 
submitted  to  a  considerable  degree  of  heat,  and 
has  thereby  lost  some  of  its  volatile  hydrocarbons^ 
Moreover,  it  is  usual  to  grind  up  the  bones  and 
other  parts  of  the  mummy  together,  so  that  the 
resulting  powder  has  more  solidity  and  is  less 
fusible  than  the  asphalt  alone  would  be.  A 
London  colourrnan  informs  me  that  one  Egyptian- 
mummy  furnishes  sufficient  material  to  satisfy 
the  demands  of  his  customers  for  twenty  years^ 
It  is,  perhaps,  scarcely  necessary  to  add  that  some- 
samples  of  the  pigment  sold  as  '  mummy  '  are- 
spurious.  Mummy  was  certainly  used  as  an? 
oil-paint  at  least  as  early  as  the  close  of  the  six- 
teenth century." 

ARTHUR  H.  CHURCH. 

Shelsley,  Kew  Gardens. 

'  The  Stanford  Dictionary  of  Anglicised* 
Words  and  Phrases  '  (Camb.  Univ.  Press, 
1892)  quotes,  s.v.  mummia,  from  Richard? 
Haydocke's  '  Tract e  containing  the  Artes 
of  Curious  Paintinge,  Carvinge,  and  Build- 
inge,'  1598,  Book  iii.  p.  99,  translated  from 
Lomatius  :  "  The  shadowes  of  carnation' 
are  the  earth  of  Campania,  and  Vmber 
called  Falsalo,  burnt  verditer,  aspaUum,. 
mummia."  Lomatius  is  Giovan  Paolo 
Lomazzo,  who  wrote  '  Trattato  dell'  Arte 
della  Pittura,  Scoltura,  ed.  Architettura.' 

With  regard  to  the  medicinal  use  of 
mummy,  Dr.  Greenhill,  in  commenting  on 
Sir  T.  Browne's  '  Hydriotaphia,'  chap,  v., 
"  Mummy  is  become  merchandise,  Mizraim 
cures  wounds,  and  Pharaoh  is  sold  for 
balsams,"  remarks  that  it  appeared  in  *  The 
London  Pharmacopreia  '  as  late  as  1721. 

Mummy  was  at  one  time  a  regular  article 
|  of  commerce.  Southey  in  his  '  Cominon- 
;  place  Book,' iii.  605, has  a  note  from  a  passage- 


ii  s.  iv.  JULY  i5,  i9iL]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


in  Purchas  about  six  hundred  pounds  of 
mummy  being  brought  home  for  the  Turkey 
Oompany  in  pieces.  The  mummies  were 
apparently  not  always  of  ancient  date.  At 
least  in  Purchas's  '  Pilgrimages,'  pt.  i. 
(1617)  p.  849,  can  be  read  how  the  Ethio- 
pians "  make  Mummia  "  from  "  a  Captive 
Moore,  of  the  best  complexion ....  after  long 
dieting  and  medicining  of  him." 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

I  hardly  know  what  kind  of  evidence 
MR.  G.  McMuRRAY  requires  as  to  the  truth 
•of  the  statement  that  mummy  was  used  as 
a  pigment.  Fairholt  ( '  Dictionary  of  Terms 
in  Art  ')  recognizes  it  as  a  material  known 
to  painters,  and  asserts  : — 

"  The  genuine  consists  of  the  substance  found 
in  the  tombs  of  Egypt,  which  is  a  compound  of 
bitumen  and  organic  matter  both  animal  and 
vegetable.  Some  manufacturers  grind  the  whole 
of  this  substance  together,  by  which  a  dirty- 
coloured  pigment  is  obtained.  Others  carefully 
select  only  the  bitumen." 

Adeline  ('  Lexique  des  Termes  d'Art ') 
is  accordant.  He  notes  : — 

"S'il  fallait  en  croire  M.  Valmantde  Bo  mare,  la 
inummie  tiree  de  momies  £gyptiennes  authen- 
tiques  depuis  longtemps  dejk  etait  fort  rare, 
•et  celle  que  fournissaient  alors  les  droguistes  du 
Levant  provenait  des  cadavres  que  les  juifs  et 
les  Chretiens  du  Levant  embaumaient  avec  des 
aromates  resineux  et  du  bitume  de  Judee." 
We  may  not  forget  that  Desdemona's 
fateful  handkerchief  ('Othello,'  III.  iv.  74) 

\fas  dyed  in  mummy,  which  the  skilful 
-  Conserved  of  maidens'  hearts. 

It  was  probably  of  a  dull  neutral  tint  which 
made  a  good  background  for  the  straw- 
berries. 

Mummy  was  among  the  materia  medico,  of 
the  olden  times.  Franklin  in  '  Les  Medica- 
ments,' p.  94,  quotes  an  author  who  states 
that  it  was  at  first 

'  '  certame  liqueur  odorante  et  de  la  consistance 
<lc  miel '  receuillie  dans  les  anciens  tombeaux  de 
1'Egypte.  Au  debut,  on  ne  fouilla  que  les 
sepultures  des  rois  et  des  grands  personnages,  et 
alors  la  mumie  administree  en  boisson  operait 
•des  garrisons  merveilleuses.  Mais  ensuite,  on 
s'avisa  d'ouvrir  lescercueils  de  pauvres  diables,'  qui 
estoient  morts  de  ladrerie  ou  de  peste,  pour  en 
tirer  la  pourriture  cadavereuse  qui  en  distilloit 
et  la  vendre  pour  vraye  et  tegitime  mumie.'  " 

That  being  the  case,  Paris  sometimes 
provided  the  main  ingredient  of  its  o\vn 
mummy.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

"Mummy"  is  a  pigment  which  should 
be  made  of  the  pure  Egyptian  asphaltum, 
ground  up  with  drying  oil  or  with  amber 
varnish  ;  but  J.  S.  Taylor  in  Field's  '  Chro- 
matogr.'  (1885)  says:  "Mummy  varies 


exceedingly    in    its    composition    and    pro- 
perties ...  .It  is  only  used  as  an  oil-colour." 

A  medicinal  preparation  was  made  from, 
the  substance  of  mummies.  Hakluy t  (1599), 
Vol.  II.  i.  201,  says:  "And  these  dead 
bodies  are  the  Mummie  which  the  Phisitians 
and  Apothecaries  doe  against  our  willes 
make  us  to  swallow"  ;  and  Swift  (1727), 
'  Further  Ace.  Curll,'  '  Wks.,'  1755,  III.  i. 
161,  satirically  speaks  of  "  the  mummy  of 
some  deceased  Moderator  of  the  General 
Assembly  in  Scotland,  to  be  taken  inwardly 
as  an  effectual  antidote  against  Anti- 
Christ."  A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

PRINCE  CHARLES  OF  BOURBON-CAPUA 
(US.  iii.  329,  393).— Since  writing  at  the 
latter  reference  I  have  received  from  an  old 
friend  and  inhabitant  of  Lucca  further 
details  regarding  the  residence  of  the  family 
of  the  above  Prince  of  Bourbon  -  Capua 
(younger  brother  of  King  Bomba  of  Naples), 
who  died  in  1862. 

My  correspondent  states  that  the  Villa 
Marlia  (not  "  Martia,"  as  SCOTUS  calls  it), 
near  Lucca,  belonged  formerly  to  an  ancient 
and  noble  family  of  Lucca,  who  sold  it  to 
the  Bourbons,  from  whom  it  passed  into  the 
possession  of  the  house  of  Savoy,  the  reigning 
dynasty.  The  aged  son  of  Prince  Charles  of 
Capua  and  his  wife  the  Irish  Penelope  still 
inhabits  this  Villa  Marlia.  I  am  promised 
a  description  of  the  splendid  villa,  printed, 
and  illustrated  with  its  historical  associa- 
tions. WILLIAM  MERCER. 

MILITARY  EXECUTIONS  (11  S.  iv.  8). — In 
fiction  it  is  an  occasional  custom  to  describe 
blank  ammunition  as  being  served  out  to  a 
firing  squad.  Such  tales  deceive  only  civil 
readers.  If  the  object  of  supplying  blank 
cartridges  were  to  relieve  soldiers  from  the 
partial  onus  of  the  condemned  person's 
death,  they  would  fail  to  achieve  the  pur- 
pose. Every  one  who  has  become  familiar 
with  the  use  of  live  cartridges  knows  at  once, 
even  in  the  dark,  the  difference  between 
ball  and  blank  ammunition.  Ball  cartridges 
are  heavier,  longer,  and  emit  a  different 
sound  in  the  firing  ;  so  that  members  of  the 
firing  party  would  well  know  which  cartridges 
were  deadly.  WILLIAM  JAGGARD. 

"  SCHICKSAL         UND          EIGENE          SCHULD" 

(US.  iii.  407  ;  iv.  13). — The  few  lines  pre- 
fixed to  '  Werthers  Leiden  '  (1774)  end  with 
the  words  :  "  lass  das  Biichlein  deinen 
Freund  seyn,  wenn  du  aus  Geschick  oder 
eigener  Schuld  keinen  nahern  finden  kannst." 

E.  G.  T. 


58 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s.  iv.  JULY  15,  IMI. 


AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (US. 
jv.  g). — The  writer  of  the  four  lines  which 
W.  B.  C.  quotes  somewhat  inaccurately 
was  not  William  Smith  O'Brien,  but  Michael 
Joseph  Barry,  who  was  born  at  Cork  in 
1817,  became  a  barrister,  and  joined  the 
Young  Ireland  party  in  the  forties  of  the 
last  century.  The  lines  occur  in  a  poem, 
'The  Place  to  Die,'  contributed  to  The 
Nation.  This  is  the  last  of  five  stanzas  : — 
'Twere  sweet  indeed  to  close  our  eyes 

With  those  we  cherish  near, 
And,  wafted  upward  by  their  sighs, 

Soar  to  some  calmer  sphere ; 
But,  whether  on  the  scaffold  high 

Or  in  the  battle's  van, 
The  fittest  place  where  man  can  die 

Is  where  he  dies  for  man. 

I  have  sometimes  ventured  to  substitute 
the  Creator  for  the  creature  in  the  last  of  these 
lines,  which,  however,  is  quite  true  when 
understood  properly  :— 

Nay,  whether  on  the  scaffold  high 

Or  at  the  tyrant's  nod, 
The  fittest  place  where  man  can  die 

Is  where  he  dies  for  God. 

There  was  another  barrister  of  the  same 
name,  and  Michael  Joseph  Barry,  the  writer 
of  these  verses,  pretended  that  briefs  and 
invitations  intended  for  him  went  by  mis- 
take to  his  namesake  : — 
This  namesake  of  mine  my  anger  provokes — 
He  's  feed  for  my  law,  and  he  s  fed  for  my  jokes. 

MATTHEW  RUSSELL,  S.  J. 

The  lines  quoted  by  W.  B.  C.  are  by 
Michael  J.  Barry,  and  appeared  in  The 
Dublin  Nation,  28  September,  1844. 

R,    A.    POTTS. 

The  Lord  Mayor  must  have  been  thinking 
of  some  lines  which  appeared  in  Punch, 
I  think  in  1874.  They  were  headed  '  Nursery 
Rhymes  new  set  for  the  Times.'  The  lines 
were  these  : — - 

There  was  an  owl  liv'd  in  an  oak, 
The  more  he  heard,  the  less  he  spoke  ; 
The  less  he  spoke,  the  more  he  heard — 
0,  it'  men  were  all  like  that  wise  bird  ! 

The  initial  letter  was  a  large  owl,  the  T 
being  a  piece  of  an  oak  branch,  signed 
"  Sambourne  del."  W.  D.  SWEETING. 

Wallington. 

D'URFEY  AND  ALLAN  RAMSAY  (11  S.  iii 
467). — The  evidence  in  favour  of  Ramsay's 
acquaintance  with  D'Urfey  is,  I  believe, 
purely  inferential.  Ramsay  had  many 
friends  among  literary  people  south  of  the 
Border,  and  D'Urfey  may  have  been  one  of 
them,  ij  Several  of  D'Urfey' s  songs  became 


extremely  popular  in  Scotland,  owing, 
it  is  surmised,  to  Ramsay's  enterprise  as 
a  bookseller  and  friendship  with  the  author. 
Other  grounds  than  these  for  supposing 
intimate  acquaintance  and  correspondence 
between  the  two  poets  are  not  discoverable. 
On  the  other  hand,  it  is  to  be  remembered 
that  Ramsay  ceased  to  be  a  wigmaker  and 
became  a  bookseller  only  six  years  previous 
to  D'Urfey's  death.  He  was  scarcely 
known  as  a  poet  when  D'Urfey  died.  Never- 
theless, it  is  quite  conceivable  that  D'Urfey 
visited  Edinburgh,  as  stated  in  the  c  D.N.B/ 

SCOTUS. 

PHILIP  DEHANY,  M.P.  FOR  ST.  IVES 
(11  S.  iii.  449).— David  Dehany,  a  wealthy 
planter  of  Jamaica,  by  his  will  dated 
17  August,  1753,  proved  25  October,  1754 
(P.  C.  C.  271  Pinfold),  demised  his  estates 
to  his  eldest  son  and  heir  Philip,  probably 
identical  with  the  above  M.P.  Philip  wa& 
born  about  1720.  V.  L.  OLIVER. 

'  THE  CHURCHES  OF  YORKSHIRE  '  (11  S.  iii. 
366,  418,  473  ;  iv.  14).— The  words  "  I  wish- 
there  were  on  the  fly-leaves  of  each  copy,'r 
&c.,  are  a  postscript  to  Hugall's  letter,  and 
not  a  remark  made  by  me.  G.  D.  LUMB. 

'  CHURCH  HISTORIANS  OF  ENGLAND  '  (11  S~ 
iii.  308,  373). — MR.  SCOTT  is  not  quite  correct 
in  his  enumeration  of  these  volumes,  as  I  have 
vol.  i.  parts  i.  and  ii.  ;  vol.  ii.  parts  i.  and 
ii.  ;  vol.  iv.  ;  and  vol.  v.  part  i. 

R,  B— R. 

RIDDLE  (11  S.  iv.  10). — "Spirit  of  our 
mother"  =  ruin;  "  Yours  and  mine  "  = 
ours  ;  "  Tales  !  idle  tales  !  "  =  rumours. 
The  last  word  is  accordingly  the  answer. 

W.  LEYS  ON, 
[M.  sends  the  same  word.] 

PORT  HENDERSON  :  CORRIE  BHREACHAN 
(11  S.  iv.  10). — Amongst  the  list  of  foreign 
and  colonial  places  on  p.  216  of  '  The  Im- 
perial Tariff"  (1911),  published  by  Eyre  & 
Spottiswoode,  is  Port  Henderson,  Jamaica. 

T.    SHEPHERD. 

Corrie  Bhreachan,  more  correctly  Coire 
Bhreachain,  is  the  tidal  whirlpool  between 
Islay  and  Jura.  HERBERT  MAXWELL. 

HENRY  FIELDING  AND  THE  CIVIL  POWER 
(11  S.  iii.  486). — Is  not  this  more  likely  to  be 
the  celebrated  blind  magistrate  Sir  John 
Fielding,  half-brother  of  the  novelist  ?  JTSee- 
'  D.N.B.'  F.  B.  M. 


ii  s.  iv.  JULY  15,  Mil.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


59 


Shakespeare  Bibliography :  a  Dictionary  of 
every  Known  Issue  of  the  Writings  of  our  National 
Poet  and  of  Recorded  Opinion  thereon  in  the 
English  Language.  By  William  Jaggard.  With 
Historical  Introduction,  Fascimiles,  Portraits', 
and  other  Illustrations.  (Stratford- on -Avon, 
Shakespeare  Press.) 

THAT  the  work  before  us  is  one  of  heroic  propor- 
tions, not  to  say  Herculean  labour,  may  be 
gathered  from  the  mere  perusal  of  the  title  above. 
Its  extent  may  be  further  indicated  by  the  fact 
that  over  30,000  distinct  entries  and  references 
are  included,  with  "  minute  details  and  available 
locations  of  every  known  issue  of  Shakespeare's 
writings  (whether  written,  printed,  separate, 
collective,  authentic,  attributed,  private,  public, 
in  or  out  of  print)  ;  likewise  of  every  tract, 
pamphlet,  volume,  or  collection  of  Shakespearean 
comment ;  of  each  analogue  or  source,  with 
notes  of  the  passages  affected  ;  of  every  important 
contemporary  or  subsequent  allusion  to,  or  article 
on,  the  dramatist  or  his  productions  ;  of  each 
autograph,  genuine  or  forged  ;  of  all  engraved 
Shakespeare  portraits  ;  with  market  values  of 
the  rarer  entries.  Key-references  are  embodied 
to  incidental  Shakespearean  actors,  actresses, 
artists,  attributes,  bibliographers,  bibliophiles, 
biographers,  blind-type  printings,  celebrations, 
centenaries,  clubs,  collaborators,  commemorations, 
commentators,  composers,  controversies,  critics, 
editors,  engravers,  exhibitions,  festivals,  forgeries, 
illustrations  (literary  or  pictorial),  jubilees, 
managers,  manuscripts,  memorials,  monuments, 
printers,  prompters,  pseudonyms,  publishers, 
societies,  theatres,  translators,  vellum-printings." 
The  labour  involved  in  such  a  scheme  is 
enough  to  make  one  gasp.  It  deserves  the 
adjective  which  Boswell  italicized  in  consequence 
of  Johnson'8  objection  to  it ;  it  is  prodigious. 
Mr.  Jaggard  has,  like  his  ancestors  of  the  First 
Folio,  connected  his  name  indelibly  with  the 
greatest  in  our  literature.  The  '  Historical 
Introduction  '  gives  details  of  previous  workers  in 
the  same  field,  and  tells  us  that  Mr.  .laggard's 
work  was  undertaken  at  the  request  of  the  fourth 
Earl  of  Warwick,  and  has  cost  him  twenty-two 
years  of  effort,  "  chiefly  in  time  ill-spared  from 
rest  and  recreation."  The  results  of  this  tireless 
investigation  should  be  in  every  library  of  any 
importance,  and  it  is  good  to  think  that  an 
Englishman  has  done  the  work. 

Ample  cross-references  are  provided  which 
facilitate  easy  reference,  and  a  number  of  illus- 
trations of  Shakespearians  past  and  present,  and 
scenes  connected  with  the  poet,  are  introduced 
throughout  the  text. 

We  have  made  a  pretty  thorough  examination 
for  books  of  all  kinds  concerning  the  subject, 
and  in  every  case  we  have  found  a  correct  entry. 
Mr.  Jaggard's  brief  notes  are  illuminating,  as  a 
•rule,  but  occasionally  they  show  his  own  personal 
opinions  too  strongly.  Even  the  expert  who  has 
spent  some  years  on  the  study  of  Shakespeare 
will  find  much  here  of  which  he  did  not  know, 
and  the  chance  of  being  able  to  assure  oneself 
without  delay  concerning  a  doubt  or  a  blurred 
memory  is  a  great  relief. 

Our  only  regret  is  that  there  are  but  500  copies 
to  be  had  of  this  wonderful  book.  But  it  will 


surely  be  reprinted,  and  we  notice  with  pleasure 
that  it  contains  an  '  Aftermath  '  of  "  additions 
and  corrections  while  printing,"  which  includes 
a  list  of  the  exhibition  of  "  original  documents  of 
Shakespearian  interest "  at  the  Public  Record 
Office  in  April,  1910. 

Mr.  Jaggard  hopes  to  issue  occasional  supple- 
ments of  a  similar  character,  and  will  be  grateful 
for  the  notification  of  omissions. 

To  give  a  brief  idea  of  the  scope  of  the  work 
we  may  mention  a  few  items  which  we  have 
come  across  in  looking  through  its  pages.  We 
find  our  own  notice  of  Joseph  Knight  included  ; 
and  mentions  of  Shakespeare  in  Bagehot's  Essays* 
Cobbett's  '  Advice  to  Young  Men,'  Dryden's 
dedication  of  his  translation  of  Juvenal,  and 
F.  W.  Robertson's  '  Life  and  Letters,'  and  of 
the  Ireland  forgeries  in  Watson's  '  Life  of  Person.' 
Jebb's  '  Translations  into  Greek  and  Latin  Verse  ** 
are  noted  as  giving  renderings  from  the  poet.. 
This  being  so,  '  The  Person  Prize  Exercises 
(1817-71),'  1871  (Cambridge,  E.  Johnson;  Lon- 
don, Hamilton,  Adams  &  Co.),  might  have  a  place ;; 
for  all  but  a  few  of  the  exercises  are  set  from 
Shakespeare,  who  is,  indeed,  still  the  usual  test 
author  at  Cambridge  for  Greek  iambics. 

Not  only  are  books  given,  but  also  the  places- 
where  they  are  to  be  found  hi  various  libraries 
and  collections,  and  a  conspectus  of  editions.. 
Thus  twelve  issues  are  noted  of  Abbott's  '  Shake- 
spearian Grammar.'  A  specimen  of  items  more 
loosely  associated  with  the  subject  is  the  inscrip- 
tion on  the  tomb  of  Joyce,  Lady  Lucy,  at  Charle- 
cote  Church,  inserted  as  being  "  written  by  the 
baronet  supposed  to  have  been  lampooned  by 
Shakespeare."  How  wide  is  Mr.  Jaggard's  range 
is  shown  by  the  inclusion  of  '  Some  Platitudes 
concerning  the  Drama,'  an  article  by  Mr.  Gals- 
worthy in  The  Fortnightly  Review  for  December, 
1909,  and  other  references  to  journalism  of  all 
kinds  ;  and  five  entries  of  Edward  German's 
music. 

Under  '  Jahrbuch  '  we  are  referred  to  that  in- 
defatigable scholar  Mrs.  Stopes  ;  and  this  sug- 
gests that  some  foreign  scholar  might  follow 
Mr.  Jaggard's  lead  by  making  a  bibliography  of; 
Shakespeare  on  the  Continent,  or  at  any  rate 
in  France  and  Germany.  We  notice  in  the  text 
Cohn's  '  Shakespeare  Bibliographic,'  1871-86  ;: 
but  Mr.  Jaggard's  scheme  obviously  does  not 
include  foreign  works  and  editions  except  u\ 
translations,  and  it  would  have  been  well  to 
make  this  clear  in  the  Prospectus,  while  the  title- 
might  expressly  include  America. 

IN  The  National  Review  we  are  pleased  to  see- 
less  of  politics  than  usual,  and  more  concerning 
art  and  letters.  Mr.  Austin  Dobson  in  'At 
Prior  Park  '  gossips  very  pleasantly  and  inform* 
ingly  concerning  Ralph  Allen's  residence  and 
friends.  The  benevolence  of  the  "  Squire  All- 
worthy  "  of  '  Tom  Jones  '  was  also  commemorated 
by  Pope,  who  introduced  Warburton  to  Allen,  a 
connexion  by  which  the  later  Bishop  did  not 
fail  to  profit  considerably.  Lord  Dunsany  in 
'  Romance  and  the  Modern  Stage '  champions 
the  cause  of  imagination,  and  makes  a  timely 
appeal  against  the  claims  of  business  and  the 
commercial  view.  '  The  Rejected  of  the 
Academy,'  by  "  Callidus,"  suggests  that  "  the 
sixteen  galleries  at  Burlington  House  should  be 
apportioned  among  the  chief  art  societies  of  the 
kingdom,  and  ecash  ociety  should  enjoy  absolute 


60 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       pi  a  iv.  JULY  is,  1911. 


independence  in  the  selection  and  arrangement 
6f  the  works  in  its  own  section."  Such  a  reform, 
it  is  added,  would  have  to  be  forced  on  the  Aca- 
demy by  outside  influence.  That  is  so,  and  un- 
fortunately the  general  public  is  slow  to  learn 
anything  in  art.  It  prefers  the  chocolate-box 
type  of  prettiness,  the  anecdote,  and  photo- 
graphic directness  of  presentation.  Sydney 
C.  Grier  writes  on  '  Vellore,  1806,'  with  the  know- 
ledge of  an  expert  who  has  done  much  to  make 
India  familiar  to  the  general  public  ;  and  Mr. 
A.  Maurice  Low  if  interesting,  as  usual,  on 
*  American  Affairs.' 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — JULY. 

MESSRS.  JAMES  RIMELL  &  SON'S  Catalogue  225 
is  devoted  to  books  on  Art.  Architecture  includes 
Gotch's  '  Renaissance  in  England,'  6?.  ;  the 
'  Dictionary '  of  the  Architectural  Publication 
Society,  8  yols  in  6,  folio,  81.  ;  and  Nash's  '  Man- 
sions,' original  issue,  4  vols.,  royal  folio,  half- 
morocco,  8',.  8s.  There  are  many  works  in  choice 
bindings,  one  being  .'  Gil  Bias,'  4  vols.,  with 
clever  paintings  on  fore-edge,  1809,  30Z.  There 
are  works  under  Book-plates.  Tinder  Boydell  is 
'  The  River  Thames,'  Boydell,  1794,  folio,  half- 
morocco,  uncut,  111.  Under  Blake  are  his 
'  Works,'  reproduced  in  facsimile  from  the 
original  editions  (one  of  100  copies  for  private 
circulation),  1876,  folio,  51.  5s.  ;  the  rare  first 
edition  of  Young's  '  Night  Thoughts  '  with  Blake's 
43  plates,  folio,  1797,  12L  ;  and  Ellis  and  Yeats's 
edition  in  3  vols.,  Quaritch,  1893,  4Z.  4s.  Among 
many  works  under  British  Schools  there  is  one  of 
200  copies  of  '  The  Works  of  Burne- Jones,' 
issued  by  the  Berlin  Photographic  Company, 
atlas  folio,  morocco,  29Z.  (original  price  105Z.). 
There  are  many  sale  catalogues,  and  works  on 
classical  and  ancient  art.  Works  under  Costume 
include  the  plates  published  by  Goddard  &  Booth, 
1812-22,  of  the  Armies  of  Europe,  96  in  number, 
finely  coloured,  2  vols.,  royal  8vo,  28?.  There 
are  lists  under  Decoration,  Dutch  and  Flemish, 
French,  German,  and  other  Schools.  Also  under 
Galleries  and  Collections. 

Works  under  Illumination  include  a  Roman 
Missal  of  the  fifteenth  century,  70/.  Under 
Paris  is  Perelle's  '  Views,'  folio,  16 — ,  20Z.  Under 
Piranesi  is  '  Vedute  di  Roma,'  76  views  of  the 
architecture  of  ancient  and  contemporary  Rome, 
oblong  folio,  1750,  &c.,  30Z. 

Messrs.  Charles  Thurnam  &  Sons  of  Carlisle 
send  a  new  Catalogue  containing  '  Vincentio 
Saviolo,  his  Practise.  In  two  Bookes.  The  first 
intreating  of  the  vse  of  the  Rapier  and  Dagger. 
The  second,  of  Honor  and  honorable  Quarrels,' 
both  parts  in  one  volume,  small  4to,  limp  vellum, 
title-page  in  facsimile,  an  exceptionally  clean 
and  large  copy,  1595-4,  30Z.  Under  America 
are  Bryce's  '  American  Commonwealth,'  first 
edition,  3  vols.,  cloth,  31.  3s.  ;  and  '  The  Portrait 
Gallery  of  Distinguished  Americans,'  2  vols., 
New  York,  1834-5,  morocco,  21.  10s.  Among 
first  editions  are  Meredith's  '  Tragic  Comedians,' 
author's  inscription,  2  vols.  in  1,  21.  2s.  ;  '  John 
Fnglesant,'  with  autograph,  II.  10s.  ;  and  the 
first  issue  of  the  first  edition  of  '  Oliver  Twist,' 
3  vols.,  original  cloth,  1838,  3Z.  3s.  (the  illustra- 
tions include  the  suppressed  "  Fireside  "  plate, 
-  cle:xn  copy,  but  covers  a  little  worn).  Among 


other  Dickens  first  editions  are  '  Nicholas  Nickle- 
by  '  and  '  Hard  Times.'  •  A  large  copy  of  Wither's 
'  Emblems,'  1635,  is  11.  10s.  Under  Military  are 
Machiavel's  '  Arte  of  Warre,'  1573,  small  4to, 
bound  with  another  Italian  work  on  war,  4Z.  4s.  ; 
Barriff's  '  Military  Discipline,'  fine  copy,  but 
lacks  pp.  7-10,  1635,  31.  3s.  :  and  Waymouth's 
'  Low-Countrie  ,  Trayning,'  1617,  27.  10s.  Other 
entries  comprise  Jowett's  '  Plato,'  4  vols.,  half- 
morocco,  1871,  21.  10s.  ;  Rowlandson's  '  Naples,' 
1815,  4Z.  15s.  ;  Ruskin's  '  Stones  of  Venice,' 
Autograph  Edition,  3  vols.,  royal  8vo,  original 
cloth,  fresh  as  issued,  2Z.  15s. ;  and  '  Fors  Clavigera,' 
9  vols.,  half-calf  (Index  'in  cloth),  1871-87, 
2Z.  10s.  ;  and  the  Abbotsford  Waverley,  12  vols., 
original  cloth,  1842-7,  37.  15s.  Under  Shake- 
speareiana  is  a  volume  of  4to  plays,  including 
some  of  Beaumont  and  Fletcher  ;  and  '  The  Two 
Noble  Kinsmen,'  "  written  by  the  memorable 
Worthies  of  their  time  :  Mr.  John  Fletcher,  and 
Mr.  W7illiam  Shakespeare,  Gent.,"  1634,  457. 
Under  Japan  is  Ka3inpfer's  '  History,'  2  vols., 
folio,  calf,  1728,  5Z.  5s.  There  is  a  small  collec- 
tion of  early  Quaker  tracts. 

Messrs.  Henry  Young  &  Sons'  Liverpool 
Catalogue  CCCCXXII.  contains  among  works  on 
Architecture  a  fine  large  copy  of  the  1521  edition 
of  Vitruvius,  folio,  morocco,  15Z.  15s.  There 
are  bindings  by  Roger  Payne.  Botany  includes 
a  fine  copy  of  Parkinson.  There  are  works 
under  Coronations,  and  decorated  examples  of 
early  printing.  Under  Elizabeth  is  the  original 
edition  of  Nichols's  '  Progresses  and  Public 
Processions,'  3  vols.,  5Z.  10s.  Under  Entomology 
is  a  copy  of  Martyn's  work  with  original  water- 
colour  drawings  on  large  sheets  of  vellum,  morocco, 
14Z.  14s.  This  volume  was  made  for  Beckford. 
An  extra-  illustrated  example  of  Rudder's 
'  Gloucestershire,'  levant  by  Bedford,  1779,  is 
28Z.  Under  Mary,  Queen  of 'Scots,  we  find  choice 
copies  of  Udall  and  Skelton.  Under  Railways 
is  Bury's  '  Coloured  Views  on  the  Liverpool  and 
Manchester,'  original  issue,  1831,  4to,  187.  18s. 
There  are  many  Rowlandson  plates  and  handsome 
sets  of  standard  authors. 

[Notices  of  other  Catalogues  held  over.") 


THE  SOCIETY  OP  GENEALOGISTS  OF  LONDON, 
which  held  its  first  annual  meeting  on  29  June, 
has,  we  are  glad  to  see,  been  successfully  estab- 
lished, and  should  do  valuable  work  in  gathering 
matter  widely  scattered  in  various  forms  and 
little  known  to  students,  as  well  as  in  initiating 
new  research.  Since  June  of  last  year  97  Fellows, 
Members,  and  Associates  have  been  elected  ;  the 
present  revenue  exceeds  200Z.  ;  and  three  sub- 
committees (on  Parish  Registers,  the  Consolidated 
Index,  and  Family  Associations)  are  already 
active.  The  Society  hopes  to  secure  premises 
in  which  the  considerable  amount  of  material 
it  already  possesses  can  be  lodged.  The  President 
is  the  Marquess  of  Tweeddale,  and  Mr.  George 
Sherwood,  227,  Strand,  is  act  ing  as  Hon.  Secretary* 


in 

W.  MACARTHUR. — Please  supply  references 
in  headings  of  future  replies.  This  is  of  great 
importance. 

W.  G.  R. — Forwarded. 


u  s.  iv.  JULY 22,  Mil.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


61 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JULY  22,  1911. 


CONTENTS.-No.  82. 

NOTES  :  — William  Makepeace  Thackeray,  61— Yews  in 
Churchyards,  63— Edward  VII.  in  '  Punch  '  as  Baby  and 
as  Boy— Longinus  and  St.  Paul,  64—"  Vir  bonus  es  doctus 
prudens  asfc  baud  tibi  spiro  " — Patience  as  a  Man's  Name 
—Earliest  English  Railroad  with  Passengers,  65- Electric 
Light  in  1853— "Sweet  Lavender  "—Murdered  Waiter 
charged  in  the  Bill—"  Castles  in  Spain  " :  "  Castle  in  the 
air,"  66. 

•QUERIES  :— Princess  Victoria's  Visit  to  the  Marquis  of 
Anglesey— Duchess  of  York— Major-General  A.  Stewart : 
Brigadier-General  A.  Leslie— Westcott  and  Waddesdon, 
Bucks— Jane  Austen  at  Southampton  —  William  and 
Andrew  Strahan — "  Swale,"  its  American  Meaning,  67 
— W.  Badger,  M.P.— Elector  Palatine,  c.  1685— "  Bonny 
Earl  o'  Moray"— W.  Webb,  Comedian— Admiral  Donald 
•Campbell— " Think  it  possible  you  may  be  wrong"— 
"Happy  the  country  whose  annals  are  dull"  —  Sir 
Andrew  Racket -Edmund  Hakluyt— S.  Horsley,  68— 
"I  believe  in  human  kindness" — St.  Hugh  and  "the 
Holy  Nut"— Caracciolo  Family— M'Clelland  Family— 
"Vatican  Frescoes — Emerson  in  England — Astrsea  :  Italian 
Proverb — Senior  Wranglers  :  Senior  Classics,  69— Irish 
Schoolboys  :  Descriptions  of  Parents— Charles  I. : '  Biblia 
Aurea' — Reprieve  for  99  years— Hungerford  Family,  70. 

fflEPLIES  :'—  Edward  and  David  Pugh,  70  —  Mitres  at 
Coronations  —  Lotus  and  India  —  Queen  Elizabeth  at 
Bishop's  Stortford,  72  —  "  Bursell  "  —  Serjeants'  Inn  — 
'British  Critic,'  73  — Burning  of  Moscow— "  Bast  "—St. 
Columb  and  Stratton  Accounts— "  Wait  and  see,"  74— 
"Manna  of  St.  Nicholas" — Henry  VII.  and  Mabuse — 
Aviation  in  1811— Cuckoo  and  its  Call,  75— Spider  Stories 
—St.  Patrick  and  Shamrock— Authors  Wanted— Belly  and 
Body,  76 -Son  and  Mother— Battle  on  the  Wey,  77— 
"  Pale  Beer  " — "  Here  sleeps  a  youth  " — Cardinal  Allen — 
R.  Baddeley— "  Gabetin  "— "  But  "="  Without,"  78. 

!NOTES  ON  BOOKS: -'Shepherds  of  Britain.' 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 


WILLIAM  MAKEPEACE   THACKERAY, 
JULY  18TH,  1811-DECEMBEB  24TH,  1863. 
(See  p.  21.) 

THE  funeral  of  Thackeray  took  place  on 
the  eve  of  the  last  day  of  1863  at  Kensal 
*Green.  Westminster  Abbey  had  been  sug- 
gested, but  it  was  his  wish  to  be  interred 
in  the  simplest  manner  beside  one  of  his 
children  .who  had  already  found  a  resting- 
place  there.  The  writer  in  The  Times  in 
'describing  the  funeral  says  : — 

"  Thackeray's  family  affections  were  so  strong 
that  we  believe  it  would  have  been  a  positive 
pain  to  him  if,  when  he  was  alive,  he  could  have 
looked  forward  to  being  separated  from  his 
children  in  the  tomb." 

If  anything  could  have  consoled  his"  two 
young  daughters  as  they  took  their  last 
cad  look  at  the  grave,  it  must  have  been 
the  homage  paid  to  their  beloved  father  by 
the  hundreds  of  fellow-mourners  who  sur- 


rounded them,  among  these  being  most 
of  the  men  who  have  made  the  Victorian 
era  famous  in  literature  and  in  art.  The 
record  comes  to  us  now  with  a  note  of  sad- 
ness, for  it  is  a  record  of  the  dead — Dickens, 
Tom  Taylor,  Shirley  Brooks,  Mark  Lemon, 
Leech,  Horace  Mayhew — in  short,  the  whole 
staff  of  Punch  ;  Robert  Browning,  Macaulay, 
G.  H.  Lewes,  Anthony  Trollope,  Millais, 
Richard  Doyle,  Valentine  Prinsep.  Creswick, 
Marochetti,  and  George  Smith,  Thackeray's 
friend  and  publisher,  and  founder  of  The 
Cornhill. 

Among  references  that  have  appeared 
in  The  Athenceum  was  one  on  August  7th, 
1886,  when  a  correspondent  rendered  what 
Mr.  Herne  Shepherd  the  week  following 
described  as  "an  invaluable  service  to  stu- 
dents of  Thackeray  "  by  solving  the  mystery 
regarding  the  history  of  '  The  Paris  Sketch- 
Book.' 

"  Turning  over  the  pages  of  a  weekly  paper 
published  in  New  York  in  1839,  under  the  title 
of  The  Corsair,  a  Gaze  te  of  Literature,  Art,  Dra- 
matic Criticism,  &c.,  I,"  the  correspondent  states, 
"  have  come  upon  the  whole  of  these  chapters 
in  the  form  of  letters  signed  T.  T.  with  the  excep- 
tion of  the  eighth  and  last,  which  bears  the  more 
familiar  signature  '  M.  A."  T.'  (Michael  Angelo 
Titmarsh).  They  extend  over  the  summer,  and 
include  one  letter  dated  '  Paris  Aug.  31,'  which 
was  not  included  in  the  Macrone  republication." 

Mr.  Herne  Shepherd  states  in  The  Athenceum 
of  the  next  week  that  "  a  complete  copy  of 
all  that  was  published  of  The  Corsair  is  to  be 
found  in  the  library  of  the  British  Museum, 
under  '  Periodical  Publications — New  York  ' 
(the  pressmark  is  P.P.  6392,  m.)." 

The  references  to  Thackeray  in  '  N.  &  Q.' 
begin  as  early  as  1854.  On  the  14th  of 
January  CUTHBEBT  BEDE  under  *  Recent 
Curiosities  of  Literature '  calls  attention 
to  the  second  number  of  '  The  Newcomes,' 
in  which  an  old  lady's  death  is  described 
as  having  been  caused  from  her  head  having 
been  cut  with  a  bedroom  candle.  Other 
anachronisms  are  pointed  out  by  the  same 
correspondent,  on  April  22nd ;  and  by 
JUVEBNA,  M.A.,  on  May  20th  and  again  on 
August  26th. 

In  the  Third  Series  are  notes  in  reference 
to  '  English  Humourists  '  ;  and  in  vol.  viii., 
p.  129,  F.  G.  W.  asks  where  can  be  procured 
"  the  curious  sing-song  music  to  which  poor 
Thackeray  used  to  sing  his  inimitable  verses  " 
beginning 

There  were  three  sailors  in  Bristol  City. 
In  the  Fourth  Series  is  much  about  various 
portraits  of  Thackeray,  and  DR.  GABNETT 
on  the   12th  of   September,  1868,  refers  to 
Dana's    "  very    meritorious "    selection    of 


62 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii s.  iv.  JULY 22, 1911. 


English  poems  published  in  New  York 
under  the  title  of  '  The  Household  Book  of 
English  Poetry,'  in  which  is  given  '  The 
Battle  of  Limerick.'  The  behaviour  of 
Meagher  "of  the  sword"  in  the  original  is 
thus  adverted  to  : — 

"  Cut  down  the  bloody  horde  !  " 

Says  Meagher  of  the  sword  ; 
"  This  conduct  would  disgrace  any  blackamore." 

But  the  best  use  Tommy  made 

Of  his  famous  battle-blade 

Was  to  cut  his  own  stick  from  the  Shannon  shore. 
"  '  Tommy,'  however,"  writes  DR.  GARNETT, 
"  subsequently  took  up  his  abode  in  the  United 
States,  where  he  became  a  general  of  volunteers, 
and  Mr.  Dana,  preferring  his  reputation  to 
Thackeray's,  coolly  alters  the  obnoxious  stanza 
as  follows  : — 

But  millions  u-ere  arrayed, 

So  he  shaythed  his  battle-blade, 
Reihrauting  undismayed  from  the  Shannon  shore." 

DR.  GARNETT,  thinks  "  this  emendation 
is  sufficiently  remarkable  to  be  embalmed 
in  'N.  &  Q." 

On  the  31st  of  August,  1872,  MB.  JOHN 
BOTJCHIER  asks  when  '  Little  Billee  '  was 
first  published  ;  and  W.  T.  M.  replies  on  the 
21st  of  September  that  it  "was  sung  by 
Thackeray  at  an  art-student's  party  in 
Rome,"  and  printed  in  a  volume  of  sketches 
by  Bevan,  called  '  Sand  and  Canvas,'  &c. 
"  Thackeray  subsequently  sent  a  corrected 
copy  to  Mr.  Bevan,  and  objected  to  having 
the  use  of  such  a  term  as  '  be  blowed ' 
attributed  to  him."  The  story,  states 
W.  T.  M.,  with  the  corrected  copy,  is  given 
in  Wendell  Holmes' s  '  Wit  and  Humor,' 
J.  C.  Hotten,  1867.  CLARRY  the  following 
week  states  : — 

"  I  knew  both  Thackeray  and  Samuel  Bevan. 
Thackeray  was  very  sensitive  about  his  playful 
words  being  made  public,  and  I  well  recollect 
his  complaining  to  me  of  Bevan  having  published 
a  song  which  was  sung  when  they  were  supposed 
to  be  '  close  tiled.'  " 

This  is  followed  by  MR.  ARTHUR  J- 
MTJNBY,  who  on  the  2nd  of  November 
asks,  "How  about  the  impromptu  itself?" 
and  gives  a  gamin's  song  current  in  Paris 
some  thirty  years  earlier  : — 

II  etait  un  petit  navire  . 

"  If  it  be  the  acknowledged  original  of  our 
beloved  '  Little  Billee,'  we  must  confess  that 
Thackeray's  genius  has  vastly  improved  it." 

On  the  1st  of  February,  1873,  J.  W.  W. 
notes  how  often  the  words  "  prodigious  " 
and  "  pink  "  are  used  in  '  Vanity  Fair  '  : — 

"  The  former  word  is  taken  from  the  eighteenth- 
century  writers  of  whom  Thackeray  was  so  fond. 
With  regard  to  the  second  word,  whenever  any 
article  of  female  attire  is  mentioned  it  is  almost 
invariably  described  as  being  pink.  That  colour 
was  no  doubt  a  favourite  one  with  Thackeray." 


On  the  21st  of  November,  1874,  GREY- 
STEIL  asks  : — 

"  What  real  occurrence  does  Thackeray  relate 
in  '  Barry  Lyndon  '  as  happening  at  the  Court 
of  X.  ?  Who  was  the  lady  to  whom  he  refers  in 
the  beginning  of  '  The  Four  Georges  '  as  having 
been  *  asked  in  marriage  by  Horace  Walpole  '  ?  " 

To  this  MR.  D.  BLAIR  replies  from  Mel- 
bourne that  "  the  lady  to  whom  Horace 
Walpole  made  proposals  of  marriage  was 
Miss  Agnes  Berry." 

On  July  16th,  1881,  MR.  EDMUND 
WATERTON  states  that  he  bought  in  Paris 
in  1865  a  French  version  of  *  The  Book 
of  Snobs,'  but  that  he  had  forgotten  the 
name  of  the  translator  :  "  It  is  supremely 
amusing."  On  the  27th  of  August  C.  T. 
states  that  the  translator  is  Georges 
Guiffrey,  and  that  the  first  edition  was 
issued  in  1857. 

On  the  24th  of  December,  1881,  MR.  G.  L. 
FENTON  prints  an  unpublished  letter  of 
Thackeray's  to  Dr.  Elliotson. 

Among  references  in  the  Seventh  Series 
is  one  from  JAYDEE,  who  on  November  27th, 
1886,  reminds  readers  that  two  years  ago 
he  had  drawn  attention  to  a  verbal  error  in 
the  1879  edition  of  'The  Newcomes' 
(chap.  xlix.).  Thackeray  speaks  of  "The 
Regent,  Brummel,  Lord  Steyne,  and  Pea- 
green  Payne."  Mr.  Hayne  (not  Payne) 
was  nicknamed  "  Pea-green,"  and  JAYDEE 
points  out  that  in  later  editions  the  error 
remained  uncorrected.  No  one  knows  his 
'  Ingoldsby,'  as  is  very  natural,  better  than 
our  old  friend  R.  B.  of  Upton,  and  he  heads 
a  reply  on  the  llth  of  December  with  the 
lines  : — 
He  was  dress' d  in  pea  green  with  a  pin  and  gold 

chain, 
And  I  think  I  heard  somebody  call  him  "  Squire 

Hayne." 
'  Jngoldsby  Legends,'  '  The  Black  Mousquetaire.' 

"  Mr.  '  Pea-green  Hayne,'  as  he  was  called  from 
a  light- green  coat  and  waistcoat  which  he  dis- 
played in  the  park,  was  a  buck  of  the  period. 
He  made  himself,"  continues  B.  B.,  quoting  from 
the  "  Annotated  Edition "  of  '  Ingoldsby,' 
vol.  ii.  p.  32,  "  especially  conspicuous  in  the  year 
1825  by  appearing  as  defendant  in  an  action  for 
breach  of  promise  brought  by  the  celebrated 
Miss  Foote,  afterwards  Countess  of  Harrington. 
The  lady  got  3,OOOZ.  damages." 

The  first  note  on  January  7th,  1888,  is- 
from  COL.  W.  F.  PRIDEAUX,  dated  fromt 
Calcutta,  and  entitled  '  Bibliography  of 
Thackeray's  "  Letters  "  '  ;  and  on  the  24th 
of  March  MR.  JOHN  E.  T.  LOVEDAY  gives 
a  note  on  '  Thackeray's  Col.  Newcome ' : — 

"  The  following  inscription  has  been  placed  or* 
a  brass  in  Trinity  Church,  Ayr  : — 

"  '  Sacred    to    the    memory    of   Major    Henry- 


ii  s.  iv.  JULY  22,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


William  Carmichael  Smyth,  9th  September,  1861, 
aged  81  years. 

,     '  Adsum.' 

"  '  And  lo,  he  whose  heart  Was  as  that  of  a 
little  child,  had  answered  to  his  name,  and  stood 
in  the  presence  of  the  Master.'  '  Newcomes,' 
vol.  iii.  chap.  26.  On  the  rebuilding  of  the 
church  his  grave  was  brought  within  the  walls. 
He  was  laid  to  rest  immediately  beneath  this 
place  by  his,  stepson,  William  Makepeace  Thack- 
eray." 

Mrs.  Ritchie  in  a  letter  to  the  Rev.  J.  M. 
Lester,  Incumbent  of  the  church,  stated  : — 

"  The  '  Adsum,'  and  the  rest  of  the  quotation 
from  '  The  Newcomes,'  was  put  upon  the  brass 
because  I  knew  that  Major  Carmichael  Smyth 
had  suggested  the  character  of  Col.  Newcome 
to  nay  father,  and  so  it  seemed  appropriate  and 
natural." 

There  has  been  so  much  said  as  to  Thack- 
eray's broken  nose  that  a  communication 
made  by  OCTOGENARIAN  [Mr.  Ralph  N. 
James]  on  April  5th,  1890,  is  of  interest : — • 

';  I  have  a  distinct  recollection  of  Thackeray's 
face  in  1832,  when  he  was  living  in  the  Temple, 
and  can  assure  MR.  HAMILTON  [who  had  a  note 
on  the  subject  on  the  15th  of  March]  that  his 
nose  was  as  straight  as  most  noses  are  before  1835, 
when  he  met  with  the  accident  at  Montmorency. 
....  I  have  a  portrait  in  oils  which  is  very  like 
what  Thackeray  was  in  1832,  and  the  nose  is 
straight.  Moreover,  he  did  not  then  wear 
spectacles." 

On  the  31st  of  May  MB.  HENRY  GERALD 
HOPE  refers  to  portraits  where  the  nose  is 
not  out  of  joint.  SIR  WILLIAM  FRASER 
says  on  the  same  date  that  he  always  believed 
that  Thackeray's  nose  was  broken  in  a 
fight  at  Charterhouse  by  Venables,  Q.C., 
lately  deceased.  "Mr.  Venables,"  adds  SIR 
WILLIAM,  "  was  a  member  of  the  Society 
of  Dilettanti,  and  I  often  sat  next  to  him. 
On  at  least  one  occasion  I  alluded  to  the 
fact,  and  he  certainly  did  not  deny  it." 
F.  J.  P.,  writing  from  Boston,  U.S.A.,  states 
in  the  same  number  that  when  Thackeray 
was  in  America  (he  sailed  on  the  30th  of 
October,  1852,  with  Clough  and  Lowell  as 
his  fellow -passengers) 

"  he  dined  one  day  with  Mr.  X.,  a  distinguished 
literary  man  of  this  city,  whose  nose  made  a  good 
second  to  Thackeray's.  The  ladies  had  left 
the  room,  and  the  two  gentlemen  Were  sitting 
over  their  wine,  when  X.  proposed  that  they 
should  join  the  ladies  ;  upon  which  Thackeray 
asked,  '  What  do  the  ladies  care  for  two  broken- 
nosed  old  fellows  like  us  ?  '  It  is  said  that  X. 
had  no  regard  for  Thackeray  thereafter." 

Some  of  the  legends  connected  with  the 
injury  to  Thackeray's  nose  have  also  been 
discussed  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  in  the  present  year 
(see  11  S.  iii.  162,  251). 

JOHN  COLLINS  FRANCIS 

(To  be  continued.) 


YEWS  IN  CHURCHYARDS. 

SOME  general  observations  as  to  the  origin,' 
of  the  association  of  the  common  yew,, 
Taxus  baccata,  with  churchyards  (10  S.  iii. 
166,  291,  337)  may  be  of  interest. 

Yews  were  planted  in  barrows  expressly 
to  denote  their  purpose.  There  is  little  or- 
no  doubt  that  they  existed  in  places  of 
Druidical  worship  previous  to  the  erection 
of  Christian  churches  upon  the  same  sites. 
In  Wales  great  value  used  to  be  set  upon  the 
yew  tree,  which  is  proved  by  the  ancient 
Welsh  laws,  the  consecrated  yew  of  the  priests 
having  supplanted  in  value  the  sacred 
mistletoe  of  the  Druids.  By  a  statute  of 
Edward  I.,  trees  were  required  to  be  placed' 
in  churchyards  to  defend  the  church  fronv 
high  winds,  the  clergy  being  allowed  to- 
cut  them  down  for  repairing  the  chancel' 
when  necessary.  So,  partly  for  this  reason, 
it  is  conjectured  that  the  yew  was  commonly 
planted  by  the  side  of  a  newly  built  church  ; 
and  also  partly  for  another  reason — that 
as  the  tough  nature  of  the  wood  of  the- 
branches  resists  the  severest  storms,  they 
are  subject  to  few  accidents  from  the 
elements. 

The  Rev.  W.  T.  Bree  in  The  Magazine  of 
Natural  History,  vol.  vi.,  suggests  that 
"  churches  were  more  frequently  built  in 
yew  groves  or  near  old  yew  trees,  than  that 
yew  trees  were  planted  in  churchyards- 
after  the  churches  were  built." 

Mr.  Bowman,  ibid.,  vol.  i.,  New  Series, 
says  : — 

"  It  seems  most  natural  and  simple  to  believe- 
that,  being  indisputably  indigenous,  and  being, 
from  its  perennial  verdure,  its  longevity,  and  the  • 
durability  of  its  wood,  at  once  an  emblem  and  a 
specimen  of  immortality,  its  branches  would  be 
employed  by  our  pagan  ancestors,  on  their  first 
arrival  here,  as  the  best  substitute  for  the  cypress,, 
to  deck  the  graves  of  the  dead  and  for  other  sacred' 
purposes.     As   it  is  the  policy  of  innovators  in 
religion  to  avoid  unnecessary  interference  with 
matters   not   essential,   these,   with   many   other 
customs  of  heathen  origin,  would  be  retained  and' 
engrafted  on  Christianity  on  its  first  introduction." 
Briefly,  then,  it  may  be  said  that  the  yew 
in   primitive   times,   being   common   and   a 
suitable   evergreen,   was   selected   to    mark 
the  site  of  graves  ;    thus  associated  with  the  • 
dead,  the  place  would  be  used  for  offerings 
and  for  worship,  and  later  a  temple  or  a 
church  would  be  erected  for  such  observance. 
Christians    planted    yews    in    churchyards 
on  account  of  its  recognized  association  with 
graves.     The  ghastly  superstition  attached' 
to  the  yew  when  growing  in  a  churchyard, 
that  it  would   prey  upon  the  dead  bodies  • 


64 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  JULY  22,  mi. 


lying  beneath  its  sombre  shade,  is  describee 
by  Tennyson  in  '  In  Memoriam  '  : — 

Old  Yew,  which  graspest  at  the  stones 
That  name  the  underlying  dead, 
Thy  fibres  net  the  dreamless  head, 

Thy  roots  are  wrapt  about  the  bones. 
In  the  '  Herbal '  of  1578  Lyte  tells  us 
that  the  yew  is  altogether  venomous,  and 
against  man's  nature.  Such  as  do  but  sleep 
under  the  shadow  thereof  become  sick  and 
.sometimes  die.  Of  the  deleterious  and 
poisonous  nature  of  the  foliage  and  bark 
of  the  tender  shoots  of  the  yew,  both  to 
human  beings  and  to  certain  animals,  there 
can  scarcely  be  a  doubt.  In  regard  to 
animals,  it  is  only  when  the  yew  is  taken 
in  large  quantity  or  unmixed  with  other 
food  that  the  effects  prove  fatal.  Loudon 
mentions  that  in  the  mountains  of  Hanover 
and  Hesse  the  peasants  feed  their  cattle 
in  part  with  the  branches  of  the  yew  during 
the  winter ;  but,  knowing  the  poisonous 
nature  of  the  tree,  they  begin  by  giving 
very  little,  and  mixed  with  other  forage; 
afterwards  they  gradually  augment  the 
quantity.  The  red  berries  or  their  coloured 
fleshy  cups  are  not  harmful  when  eaten, 
but  the  seeds,  containing  the  poisonous 
principle  of  the  leaves,  should  be  rejected. 
The  yew  is  remarkable  for  its  slow  growth, 
five-year-old  plants  after  having  been  trans- 
planted a  year  not  averaging  more  than  a 
foot  in  height  ;  and  at  the  age  of  ten  years, 
when  reared  in  nurseries  upon  the  plan 
usually  followed,  they  are  seldom  more  than 
a  yard  high.  Therefore  to  suppose  that  the 
yew  was  specially  cultivated  to  furnish  that 
formidable  weapon  the  long  bow  is  not 
reasonable.  The  trees  were  already  plenti- 
ful, and,  as  they  were  held  in  high  and 
deserved  esteem,  no  doubt  every  care  was 
taken  to  ensure  their  preservation.  In  the 
fifth  year  of  Edward  IV.  every  Englishman, 
and  every  Irishman  dwelling  with  English- 
men, was  directed,  by  statute,  to  have  a 
bow  of  his  own  height,  made  of  yew,  wych- 
hazel,  ash,  or  awlune  (laburnum).  Thus  a 
great  quantity  of  the  wood  of  the  yew  was 
consumed  at  one  period  by  the  bow-makers 
or  fletchers  of  England.  On  the  subject 
of  archery  I  will  quote  only  '  Richard  II.,' 
III.  ii.  116  :— 

Thy  very  beadsmen  learn  to  bend  their  bo\vs 
Of  double-fatal  yew  against  thy  state. 

It  was  "  double-fatal  "  because  the  leaves 
and  fruit  seeds  are  poisonous,  and  the  bows 
made  from  its  branches  were  instruments 
of  death. 

After   the   introduction    of   firearms,    and 
particularly  in  the  time  of  Evelyn,  the  yew 


became  an  ornament  for  hedges  of  gardens, 
and  was  fashioned  into  the  forms  of  birds, 
animals,  cones,  pyramids,  and  other  fantas- 
tic devices.  In  the  reign  of  William  III. 
it  ceased  to  be  employed  as  a  hedge  plant 
in  the  manner  described,  and  since  that  time 
its  cultivation  has  been  greatly  neglected. 
Almost  banished  from  the  precincts  of  our 
residences  and  pleasure  grounds,  it  is  only 
associated  with  scenes  of  melancholy  and 
the  grave.  TOM  JONES. 


EDWARD  VII.  IN  '  PUNCH  '  AS  BABY  AND 
AS  BOY. — The  earliest  picture  of  the  late 
King  appears  to  be  that  drawn  by  Kenny 
Meadows,  11  February,  1843,  when  he  was 
about  fifteen  months  old.  Queen  Vic- 
toria is  pointing  to  his  first  tooth,  while 
a  lady  of  the  Court  handles  a  puppet  for 
his  amusement,  and  Archbishop  Howley 
(just  77  years  old)  plays  to  him  on  a  penny 
trumpet. 

In  the  Almanack  for  August  of  the  same 
year  Leech  draws  oyster-grottoes  (who  now 
sees  them  .?)  and  the  Queen,  with  the 
prince  in  her  arms,  and  the  princess  at  her 
left  side. 

In  the  preface  to  vol.  xiii.  Punch  and  his 
family  are  seated  at  a  table,  on  which  stands 
a  towering  Christmas  tree.  This  very 
beautiful  piece  is  by  Doyle.  On  the  tree 
are  Pope  Gregory  XVI.,  Louis  Philippe, 
Wellington,  Peel,  Lord  John,  Brougham, 
Disraeli,  and  others.  The  Royal  Family 
occupies  the  topmost  branch — the  Queen, 
Prince  Albert,  and  five  children — the  date 
being  July,  1847. 

About  three  years  later  the  future 
Edward  VII.,  *'  Every  inch  a  sailor,"  is  011 
tiptoe,  handing  a  glass  of  grog  to  Jack 
Tar  :  signature,  the  familiar  leech  in  a  bottle. 

In  the  Preface  to  vol.  xxvi.,  July,  1854,  we 
have  the  Royal  Family  in  the  Crystal 
Palace  Gardens  at  Sydenham :  a  rather 
early  example  of  Tenhiel. 

This  note  does  not  pretend  to  be  exhaus- 
tive. RICHARD  H.  THORNTON. 

36,  Upper  Bedford  Place,  W.C. 

LONGINUS  AND  ST.  PAUL. — It  is  well 
known  that  the  ascription  to  Longinus  of 
the  authorship  of  the  treatise  '  On  the 
Sublime  '  is  nowadays  much  disputed  :  it 
is  also  well  known  that  the  treatise  in  question 
contains  a  remarkable  reference  to  Moses. 

An  extremely  similar  reference  to  St. 
Paul  (not  to  be  found  in  the  treatise  '-On 
Sublime  ')  is  said  to  have  been  made  by 
Longinus.  This  fact  would  seem  to  support 


us. iv. JULY 22, i9iL]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


65 


the  view  that  Longinus  wrote  the  treatise. 
But  it  appears  to  have  been  overlooked. 

My  authority  for  the  fact  is  as  follows. 
In  No.  633  of  The  Spectator  (15  December, 
1714),  written  by  Zachary  Pearce,  we  read  : — 

"This  advantage  Christians  have;  and  it  was 
with  no  small  pleasure  I  lately  met  with  a  fragment 
of  Longinus,  which  is  preserved,  as  a  testimony  of 
that  critic's  judgment,  at  the  beginning  of  a  manu- 
script of  the  New  Testament  in  the  Vatican  library. 
After  that  author  has  numbered  up  the  most  cele- 
brated orators  among  the  Grecians,  he  says,  '  add 
to  these  Paul  of  Tarsus,  the  patron  of  an  opinion 
not  yet  fully  proved.'  As  a  heathen  he  condemns 
the  Christian  religion  ;  and,  as  an  impartial  critic, 
he  judges  in  favour  of  the  promoter  and  preacher  of 

Is  anything  further  known  about  this  frag- 
ment ? 

The  chief  reason  for  disputing  Longinus' s 
authorship  of  the  treatise  '  On  the  Sublime  ' 
is  that  the  best  manuscript  authority  attri- 
butes the  work  to  "  Dionysius  or  Longinus." 
I  do  not  personally  take  the  word  "or" 
as  meaning  that  Dionysius  and  Longinus 
were  alternative  authors :  I  think  the 
meaning  is  "  Dionysius,  otherwise  called 
Longinus."  Compare  (in  Keil's  c  Scriptores 
de  Orthographia,'  p.  165)  the  title  '  Ada- 
mantii  sive  Martyrii  de  b  Muta  et  v  Vocali,' 
where  Adamantius  and  Martyrius  are  one 
and  the  same  person. 

R.  JOHNSON  WALKER. 
Little  Holland  House,  Kensington,  W. 

"  VlR     BONUS     ES     DOCTTJS     PRTJDENS     AST 

HATJD  TIBI  SPIRO."  (See  10  S.  vii.  228  ; 
x.  173.) — With  regard  to  this  line,  which 
is  found  in  Coleridge's  '  Biographia  Lite- 
raria,'  and  for  which  no  source  is  indicated 
in  Mr.  Shawcross's  recent  edition,  it  was 
pointed  out  at  the  latter  reference  that 
"Non  tibi  spiro "  is  placed  above  the 
picture  of  the  pig  and  marjoram  in  Joachim 
Camerarius's  '  Symbola  et  Emblemata ' 
(i.  93),  and  that  the  words  "  Haud  tibi 
spiro,"  which  in  Coleridge's  text  are  dis- 
tinguished from  the  rest  of  the  line  by  being 
in  italics,  are  shown  by  the  context  ("To 
such  a  mind  I  would  as  courteously  as 
possible  convey  the  hint  that  for  him  the 
chapter  was  not  written")  to  bear  the 
same  sense  as  the  motto  in  Camerarius. 

Since  then  I  have  noted  in  Coleridge's 
preface  to  his  'Aids  to  Reflexion,'  vol.  i. 
p.  xiii.,  ed.  1843,  the  following  passage  : — 

"  It  belongs  to  the  class  of  didactic  works.    Con- 
sequently,  those  who  neither  wish  instruction  for 
themselves,  nor  assistance  in   instructing  others, 
have  no  interest  in  its  contents. 
Sis  sus :  sis  Divus,  sum  caltha,  et  non  tibi  spiro." 


Here  the  hint  as  to  the  reader's  possible- 
inability  to  appreciate  is  conveyed  more 
directly,  if  less  courteously. 

In  this  line  caltha  (usually  interpreted  as- 
"  marigold  ")  appears  as  the  plant  that  does 
not  appeal  to  a  pig.  The  popular  belief  that 
the  pig  has  an  antipathy  to  marjoram  and 
to  perfumes  generally  is  first  found  in 
Lucretius,  vi.  973, 

Denique  amaracinum  fugitat  sus  et  timet  omne 

Unguentum. 

Aulus  Gellius  in  the  preface  to  his  *  Noctes 
Atticse '    (§  19)    refers   to   the    "  vetus   ada- 
gium  "  : 
Nil  cum  fidibus  graculost,  nihil  cum  amaracino  sui. 

It  has  occurred  to  me  as  possible  that 
Coleridge  might  have  coined  for  the  occasion 
the  two  Latin  lines  that  he  employs. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

PATIENCE  AS  A  MAN'S  NAME. — "  Patience  " 
as  the  name  of  a  man  is  exceedingly  rare. 
I  know  of  only  two  instances,  viz.  (1)  that 
of  Sir  Patience  Ward,  mentioned  at  11  S.  iiL 
497,  and  (2)  that  of  my  grandfather  Patience- 
Thomas  Adams,  Filazer  of  the  Court  of 
King's  Bench  1760  to  1793,  who  was  bom 
17  August,  and  baptized  19  September,. 
1736,  at  St.  Martin's-in-the-Fields,  and  who- 
was  so  named  after  his  godmother,  pre- 
sumably a  Miss  Roberts.  G.  E.  C. 

EARLIEST  ENGLISH  RAILROAD  WITH: 
PASSENGERS.  —  The  following  from  The 
Globe  of  30  June,  extracted  from  the  same 
journal  of  30  June,  1812,  is  of  special  in- 
terest to  the  historians  of  our  railway 
system  : — 

"  Curious  Machine. — On  Wednesday  last  a 
highly-interesting  experiment  was  made  with  a 
machine  at  Leeds,  under  the  directions  of  Miv 
John  Blenkinsop,  the  patentee,  for  the  purpose- 
of  substituting  the  agency  of  steam  for  the  use  of" 
horses  in  the  conveyance  of  coals  on  the  iron  rail- 
way, from  the  mines  of  J.  C.  Brandling,  Esq.,  at 
Middleton,  to  Leeds.  This  machine  is,  in  fact,  a 
steam  engine  of  four  horses'  power,  which,  with, 
the  assistance  of  cranks  turning  a  cog-wheel,  and 
iron  cogs  placed  at  one  side  of  the  rail-way,  is 
capable  of  moving,  when  lightly  loaded,  at  the 
speed  of  ten  miles  an  hour.  At  four  o'clock  in 
the  afternoon,  the  machine  ran  from  the  coal- 
staith  to  the  top  of  Hunslet  Moor,  where  six,  and 
afterwards  eight  waggons  of  coals,  each  weighing 
3£  tons,  were  hooked  to  the  back  part.  With  this 
immense  Weight,  to  which,  as  it  approached  town,, 
was  super-added  about  50  of  the  spectators 
mounted  upon  the  waggons,  it  set  off  on  its  return, 
to  the  coal-staith,  and  performed  the  journey,  a 
distance  of  about  a  mile  and  a  half,  principally 
on  a  dead  level,  in  23  minutes,  without  the  slightest 
accident.  The  experiment,  which  was  witnessed 
by  thousands  of  spectators,  was  crowned  with. 
complete  success  ;  and  when  it  is  considered  that 


'66 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES.        en  s.  iv.  JULY  22, 1911. 


'•this  invention  is  applicable  to  all  rail-roads,  and 
that  upon  the  works  of  Mr.  Brandling  alone  the 
use  of  50  horses  will  be  dispensed  with,  and  the 
corn  necessary  for  the  consumption  of  at  least 
"200  men  saved,  we  cannot  forbear  to  hail  the 
invention  as  of  vast  public  utility,  and  to  rank 
'the  inventor  among  the  benefactors  of  his 
•country.  The  eight  waggons  of  coal  brought  to 
Leeds  at  the  launching  of  the  machine  was,  by 
-order  of  Mr.  Blenkinsop,  presented  to  the  General 
Jnfirmary." 

A.  F.  R. 

ELECTRIC  LIGHT  IN  1853. — The  electric 
light  is  common  enough  now,  and  fairly 
familiar  to  all  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.,'  many 
of  whom  can  remember  its  introduction  ; 
but  the  following  seems  to  be  an  early 
Tiotice  of  its  practical  use,  and  worth 
^recording  : — 

"  On  Friday  last  [i.e.  18  May,  1853]  one  of  the 
Citizen  steamers  started  from  Chelsea  for  Graves- 
end  at  9  P.M.,  carrying  an  electric  lamp,  with  a 
parabolic  reflector  on  each  paddle-box,  returning 
to  town  at  3  A.M.  The  lamps  brilliantly  illu- 
minated both  banks  of  the  river,  shedding  a  flood 
-of  light  on  the  objects  and  edifices  in  the  Way, 
including  Chelsea  College,  the  Houses  of  Parlia- 
ment, St.  Paul's,  and  Greenwich  Hospital.  The 
effect,  as  seen  from  the  bridges,  is  said  to  have 
been  remarkably  striking  and  beautiful.  The 
shipping  in  the  Pool,  below  London  Bridge,  was 
.as  conspicuously  seen  as  in  the  light  of  day — a 
most  important  fact  in  relation  to  the  subject 
of  safety  to  life  at  sea,  and  the  national  question 
of  a  perfect  system  of  lighthouses  on  the  British 
•coasts." — Journal  of  the  Society  of  Arts,  i.  323. 

I  am  not  a  practical  man,  but  I  presume 
that  the  brilliancy  described  was  one 
of  the  causes  of  failure,  and  I  know  of 
no  other  use  or  notice  of  the  electric  light 
at  that  period.  According  to  '  Haydn's 
Dictionary  of  Dates,'  the  "  most  perfect  " 
lamp  was  shown  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of 
1855  ;  Prof.  Tyndall  first  used  it  at  the 
Royal  Institution  in  1856  ;  it  was  intro- 
duced for  sea  vessels  at  Sheerness  in  1871, 
at  the  Lizard  lighthouse  in  1878,  and  at 
••the  Gaiety  Theatre,  London,  the  same  year. 
1  have  consulted  P.  Higgs's  translation  of 
Hippolyte  Fontaine's  '  Practical  Treatise 
on  Electric  Lighting,'  especially  chap.  viii.  ; 
but  the  notice  I  have  quoted  seems  the 
-earliest,  A.  RHODES. 

"  SWEET  LAVENDER."  (See  10  S.  x.  146  ; 
xii.  176  ;  11  S.  ii.  144.)— It  seems  but 
yesterday  that  the  soft  refrain,  "  Buy  my 
•sweet  la-ven-der,"  was  being  chanted  in  the 
streets  of  suburban  London  ;  and  lo  ! 
the  itinerant  merchants  from  the  fields  at 
Mitcham  and  elsewhere  are  again  with  us. 
.Nor  will  there  be  many  objectors  to  a 
melodious  cry  so  pleasantly  remindful  of  the 
-strewing  by  the  careful  housewife  of  ward- 


robe or  linen  cupboard  with  those  lilac, 
delicately  scented  sprigs.  Business  would 
not  appear  to  be  particularly  brisk  with 
these  peaceful  invaders.  It  is  to  be  feared 
that  the  opinions  expressed  last  season  as  to 
a  declining  cultivation  of  the  fragrant  shrub 
were  warranted.  CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 

MURDERED  WAITER  CHARGED  IN  THE 
BILL. — More  than  two  years  ago  a  corre- 
spondent inquired  (10  S.  xi.  410)  where 
this  story  could  be  found,  but  no  reply 
has  appeared. 

The  following  passage  is  from  the  portion 
devoted  to  *  Anecdotes  et  Bons  Mots '  of 
the  '  (Euvres  Choisies  de  Nicolas  Chamfort ' 
(edition  Jouaust^,  i.  71  : — 

"Milord  Hamilton,  personnage  tres-sin^ulier,  etant 
ivre  dans  une  hotellerie  d'Angleterre,  avoit  tue  un 
garcon  d'auberge  et  6toit  rentre"  sans  savoir  ce  qu'il 
avoit  fait.  L'aubergiste  arrive  tout  effraye  et  lui 
dit:  'Milord,  savez-vpus  que  yous  avez  tue  ce 
gartjon  ? '  Le  lord  lui  repondit  en  balbutiant : 
'  Mettez-le  sur  la  carte.'" 

It  appears  to  me  quite  possible  that  the 
story  is  of  Chamfort' s  own  composition,  for 
he  excelled  in  writing  brief  dialogues, 
maxims,  and  historiettes.  It  would  be 
interesting  to  know  the  date  of  the  earliest 
appearance  of  the  story  in  English.  Cham- 
fort,  it  may  be  added,  died  in  1794. 

R.  L.  MORETON. 

"  CASTLES  IN  SPAIN  "  :  "  CASTLE  IN 
THE  AIR." — During  the  long  struggle  between 
Peter  the  Cruel  and  Don  Enrique  the  latter 
was  crowned  at  Burgos  for  the  second  time 
in  1366.  He  scattered  honours  among  his 
supporters  with  so  lavish  a  hand  that 
"  a  popular  saying  took  its  birth  from  this  hoiir 
of  easy  generosity — Mercedes  Enriquenas  or 
Enrique's  favours  signify  gifts  obtained  before 
they  are  earned.  The  more  universal  expression 
of  '  Castles  in  Spain  '  is  also  by  some  authorities 
attributed  to  this  episode." — Storer's  '  Peter  the 
Cruel :  a  Life  of  the  notorious  Don  Pedro  of 
Castile,'  &c.,  p.  280. 

I  observe,  however,  that  Le  Roux  de 
Lincy  refers  the  saying  to  the  thirteenth 
century,  and  cites  from  the  '  Roman  de 
la  Rose  '  :— 

Telle  fois  te  sera  advis 
Que  tu  tiendras  celle  au  clair  vis, 
Du  tout  t'amie  et  ta  compagne 
Lors  feras  chasteaux  en  Espagne. 

It  is  probable,  therefore,  that  the  Enrique 
incident  only  gave  an  impulse  to  the  cur- 
rency of  the  phrase.  Our  native  "  castle 
in  the  air "  is  more  impalpable  and  of 
greater  charm  than  the  chateau  en  Espagne. 
I  do  not  know  who.first  spoke  of  the  visionary 
edifice  in  nubibus.  ST.  t,S  WITHIN. 


us.  iv.  JULY 22,  ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


67 


(gttertas. 

WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


PRINCESS  VICTORIA'S  VISIT  TO  THE  MAR- 
QUIS OF  ANGLESEY. — Can  any  one  tell  me 
whether  it  is  the  fact  that  the  late  Queen 
Victoria  as  a  child,  and  her  mother  the 
.Duchess  of  Kent,  visited  the  Marquis  of 
Anglesey,  and  had  to  put  up  at  an  inn  or 
hotel  for  some  reason  (drains  ?)  ?  If  so, 
when,  and  where,  was  this  ?  L.  V. 

Edinburgh. 

DUCHESS  OF  YORK,  1820. — The  other  day 
for  literary  purposes  I  wanted  to  read  the 
will  of  the  Duchess  of  York  who  died  in  July, 
1820  ;  but  I  could  not  find  it  in  the  Somerset 
House  Registers  under  Y.  The  Registers 
were  not  kept  then  in  the  splendid  way  they 
are  kept  now  ;  for  instance,  the  unfortunate 
Queen  Caroline  is  registered  under  "  Q." 
I  tried  "D  "  without  success.  Can  any  of 
your  readers  tell  me  where  the  will  is  to  be 
found  ?  I  know  that  the  will  of  the 
sovereign  is  not  proved  in  the  ordinary  way, 
but  this  does  not  apply  to  royal  princes 
or  princesses.  WILLIAM  BULL. 

House  of  Commons. 

MAJOR-GENERAL  ALEXANDER  STEWART  : 
BRIGADIER-GENERAL  ALEXANDER  LESLIE. — 
I  should  greatly  appreciate  any  information 
about  these  two  generals — their  parentage, 
affiliation,  marriage,  and  children,  if  any. 
The  information  I  give  below  is  taken  from 
Appleton's  '  Dictionary  of  American  Bio- 
graphy.' Neither  general  is  to  be  found  in 
the  '  D.N.B.' 

Maj. -General  Stewart  was  born  in  England 
about  1740  ;  died  Dec.,  1794.  In  1761 
was  Captain  in  37th  Foot ;  Colonel  in  1780  ; 
commander  of  British  forces  in  South  Caro- 
lina, May,  1781,  succeeding  to  Lord  Rawdon  ; 
defeated  the  American  General  Greene  at 
Eutaw  Springs,  8  Sept.,  1781  ;  Major- 
General  in  179(?). 

Brigadier-General  Leslie  was  born  in 
England  about  1740  ;  died  27  Dec.,  1794. 
He  commanded  the  light  infantry  at  the 
battle  of  Long  Island,  Aug.,  1776  ;  served 
at  the  capture  of  Charleston,  May,  1780; 
invaded  Virginia  16  Oct.,  1780,  with  3,000 
men  ;  joined  Lord  Cornwallis  in  North 
€arolina,  Dec.,  1780  ;  led  the  British  right 


wing  at  the  battle  of  Guildford  Court-House  ; 
at  close  of  the  war,  1783,  was  Commandant 
at  Charleston,  South  Carolina. 

EL  SOLTERO. 
Eagle  Pass,  Texas. 

WESTCOTT  AND  WADDESDON,  BUCKS. — 
Which  manor  was  it  that  included  Westcott, 
near  Waddesdon  ?  The  records  of  the 
manors  of  Benthams,  Muttons,  and  Green 
End  indicate  that  Westcott  was  not  included 
within  their  limits  ;  yet  Westcott  was  always 
considered  a  part  of  Waddesdon.  The 
Feudal  Aids  show  that  even  so  early  as  1316 
Westcott  and  Waddesdon  constituted  "  una 
villa  "  and  belonged  to  Hugo  de  Courteney. 
JOHN  Ross  DELAFIELD. 

25,  Broad  Street,  New  York  City. 

JANE  AUSTEN  AT  SOUTHAMPTON. — I  should 
be  grateful  if  any  one  could  inform  me 
whether  any  local  directories  for  South- 
ampton exist  for  the  years  1806  and  1807,  or 
what  local  newspaper  existed  at  that  time. 
Though,  according  to  her  biographers,  Jane 
Austen  is  said  to  have  lived  at  Castle  Square, 
Southampton,  from  the  end  of  1805  to  early 
in  1809,  it  is  tolerably  certain  from  her 
letter  to  her  sister  dated  1  July,  1808,  that 
the  Austens  did  not  leave  Bath  till  the 
summer  of  1806,  and  consequently  did  not 
go  to  Southampton  till  the  autumn  of  that 
year ;  and  further,  it  would  seem  most 
likely  from  the  letters  written  at  the  beginning 
of  1807  that  the  family,  although  then  living 
in  Southampton,  did  not  move  into  Castle 
Square  till  March,  1807.  It  would  be  interest- 
ing to  find  out  where  the  Austens  lodged  at 
first  in  Southampton.  R.  A.  A.  L. 

WILLIAM  AND  ANDREW  STRAHAN. — In  a 
foot-note  to  his  preface  to  *  Letters  of  David 
Hume  to  William  Strahan  '  the  late  Dr. 
Birkbeck  Hill  mentions  the  existence  of 
"  a  large  and  curious  collection  of  letters 
written  to  William  and  Andrew  Strahan 
by  men  of  letters  and  publishers,  chiefly 
Scottish."  They  then  belonged  to  Mr.  F. 
Barker,  of  43,  Rowan  Road,  Brook  Green, 
but  were  threatened  with  dispersion.  Can 
any  one  tell  me  what  has  happened  to  them  ? 

R.  A.  A.  L.  1 

"  SWALE,"  ITS  AMERICAN  MEANING.— 
I'll  push  to  north'ard  through  forest  and  swale, 
The  whole  Manasquam  district  inviting  ! 

These  lines  occur  in  a  poem  by  Dr.  Henry 
N.  Dodge,  entitled  '  John  Murray's  Land- 
fall '  (ed.  Putnam,  1911,  p.  159).  Dr.  Dodge 
s  an  American,  living  at  Morristown,  New 
Jersey. 


68 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  JULY  22,  mi. 


What  is  the  meaning  of  the  word  "  swale  "  ? 
I  find  in  '  E.D.D.'  two  East  Anglian  words 
thus  spelt :  swale,  sb.1,  "  shade,  a  shady 
place  "  ;  and,  swale,  sb.2 ,  "  a  slight  dip  or 
depression  in  the  surface  of  the  ground." 

I  should  be  much  obliged  if  one  of  the 
American  correspondents  of  *  N".  &  Q.'  would 
kindly  inform  me  whether  the  New  Jersey 
"  swale  "  is  used  in  either  of  the  East  Anglian 
senses,  or  whether  it  has  a  meaning  unknown 
to  'E.D.D.'  A.  L.  MAYHEW. 

Oxford. 

WILLIAM  BADGER  was  Mayor  of  Win- 
chester 1597,  and  M.P.  for  that  city  in  the 
same  year.  Is  anything  known  of  his 
parentage  ?  Was  he  connected  with  the 
family  of  Bagehott  alias  Badger  of  Prest- 
bury,  Gloucestershire  ?  A  William  Badger 
was  admitted  a  scholar  of  Winchester  school 
in  1561,  aged  10,  and  was  transferred  in 
1569  to  New  College,  Oxford,  where  he 
graduated  B.A.  15  December,  1572.  If, 
as  stated  by  Joseph  Foster,  he  became 
Canon  of  Sarum  in  1579,  he  could  not  have 
been  the  later  Mayor.  W.  D.  PINK. 

ELECTOR  PALATINE  c.  1685. — A  rare 
volume  in  my  possession  has  the  following 
inscription  on  the  binding,  "  A  son  altesse 
Monsr  Le  Prince  Electoral  Palatin  &°  " 
The  book  was  published  in  1685,  and  I  am 
desirous  of  ascertaining  who  the  Prince  was. 
Could  it  have  been  Ernest  Augustus,  who 
subsequently  in  1692  was  created  Elector  of 
Hanover,  and  whose  son  was  George  I.  of 
England  ?  W.  H.  C. 

"  BONNY  EARL  o'  MORAY." — I  should  be 
glad  of  any  particulars  about  "  the  bonny 
Earl  o'  Moray  "  of  the  old  ballad — his  ap- 
pearance, whether  fair  or  dark,  and  his 
history.  ZEPHYR. 

WILLIAM  WEBB,  COMEDIAN. — In  '  Echoes 
of  the  Week  '  in  The  Illustrated  London  News 
of  25  October,  1884,  it  was  stated  that  an 
article  on  a  comedian  of  this  name,  written 
by  Lord  William  Lennox,  appeared  in  vol.  ii. 
of  The  Sporting  Magazine  for  1839.  I  have 
searched  the  Magazine  of  that  year,  but 
cannot  find  the  article.  I  shall  be  grateful 
to  any  of  your  readers  who  can  supply  me 
with  the  correct  reference,  which  they  might 
send  to  80,  St.  George's  Square,  S.W. 

WlLLOUGHBY   MAYCOCK. 

ADMIRAL  DONALD  CAMPBELL. — This  officer 
was  a  Rear-Admiral  of  the  White  and  Com- 
mander-in-Chief  of  the  Ships  at  the  Leeward 
Islands  Station.  He  died  on  board  his 


flagship  the  Salisbury  at  sea,  11  November,. 
1819 ;     and   was   buried   in   the   ground   of 
Portsmouth  Garrison  Chapel,  aged  67.     Can 
any  correspondent  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  tell  me  aught 
of  his  parentage  ? 

I  might  add  that  there  was  another 
Donald  Campbell  in  the  R.N.  at  the  same 
time,  who  attained  only  captain's  rank,  but 
with  whom  I  am  not  concerned. 

I  should  be  glad  if  any  information  were 
sent  directly  to'me.  W.  C.  BOLLAND. 

5,  Essex  Court,  Temple,  E.G. 

"  THINK  IT  POSSIBLE  THAT  YOTJ  MAY  BE 
WRONG  "  :  CROMWELL. — In  The  Times  of 
3  July,  p.  5,  col.  5,  at  the  end  of  his  letter, 
"  Another  Flag  Officer  "  writes  :— 

*'  To  paraphrase  Cromwell,  I  should  like  to  say  to 
my  old  comrades  of  the  Senior  Service  who  are 
being  so  wofully  misled  : — 'My  brethren.  I  beseach 
you  in  the  name  of  common  sense  to  think  it  pos- 
sible you  may  be  mistaken  ! '  " 

If  I  remember  rightly,  the  original  saying  is 
"  I  pray  you  in  the  bowels  of  Christ  to  think 
it  possible  that  you  may  be  wrong."  la 
any  such  saying  rightly  attnbuted  to 
Cromwell  ?  My  impression  is  that  I  have 
seen  it  quoted  somewhere,  perhaps  in  one 
of  Charles  or  Henry  Kingsley's  novels,  as 
a  saying  of  an  "  old  divine."  Who  was  its 
author  ?  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

"  HAPPY     THE     COUNTRY     WHOSE     ANNALS 

ARE  DULL." — Could  you  let  me  know  who  is 
the  author  of  the  phrase  "  Happy  the  country 
whose  annals  are  dull,"  quoted  by  Carlyle  in 
his  '  History  of  the  French  Revolution  '  ? 
HENRY  SAMUEL  BRANDRETH. 

[The  phrase  is  often  quoted  in  the  form  "  Happy 
is  the  country  that  has  no  history."] 

SIR  ANDREW  HACKET. — When  did  he 
become  a  Master  in  Chancery,  and  how 
long  did  he  hold  that  office  ?  I  should 
be  glad  to  know  the  dates  and  particulars 
of  his  first  and  second  marriage.  He  died 
19  March,  1709.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

EDMUND  HAKLUYT,  son  of  Richard 
Hakluyt  the  famous  geographer,  became  a 
Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  in 
1618.  Is  anything  known  of  his  later  career  t 
When  did  he  die  ?  G.  F.  R.  B. 

SAMUEL  HORSLEY,  only  son  of  the  Rev. 
Heneage  Wyndham  Horsley  of  Dundee, 
graduated  M.A.  at  Oxford  University  from 
Balliol  College  in  1837.  Was  he  any  rela- 
tion of  the  Right  Rev.  Samuel  Horsley, 
Bishop  of  Rochester  ?  When  did  he  die  ? 

G.  F.  R.  B 


us. iv. JULY 22,1911.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


69 


"  I     BELIEVE     IN     HUMAN     KINDNESS." 1 

shall  be  glad  to  learn  who  is  the  author  of 
the  sacred  song  commencing, 

I  believe  in  human  kindness 

Large  amid  the  sons  of  men, 
Nobler  far  in  willing  blindness 

Than  in  censure's  keenest  ken. 
I  believe  in  self-denial,  &c. 

In  one  place  I  find  it  attributed  to  Norman 
MacLeod,  but  in  an  American  scholarly 
compilation  I  find  it  attributed  to  John 
S.  B.  Monsell. 

It  is  not  found  in  any  edition  of  MacLeod's 
works,  nor  his  '  Life  '  ;  nor  is  it  mentioned 
in  Julian's  *  Dictionary  of  Hymnology  ' 
under  either  name,  nor  in  the  index  of  first 
lines.  WALTER,  WALSH. 

Dundee. 

ST.  HUGH  AND  "  THE  HOLY  NUT." — St. 
Hugh  of  Lincoln,  I  am  sorry  to  say,  used  to 
swear,  and  his  favourite  adjuration  was 
"  By  the  holy  nut."  Was  this  nut  vegetable 
or  animal,  a  slang  term  for  head  ? 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

CARACCIOLO  FAMILY. — Where  can  I  find 
the  pedigree  and  history  of  the  Caracciolo 
family  of  Naples  ?  Their  titles  were  Dukes 
of  S.  Arpino  and  S.  Teodoro. 

MABY  TERESA  FORTESCUE. 

Sprydoncote,  Exeter. 

M'CLELLAND     FAMILY. 1.    What     is     the 

difference  between  M'Clelland  ending  with 
d  and  without  d? 

2.  Are  the  M'Clellands  of  Ulster  the  same 
stock  as  those  of  Kirkcudbright  ? 

3.  Who  was  the  ancestor  of  the  M'Clel- 
land family  ? 

4.  What  is  the  origin  of  the  name  ? 

B.  G. 

VATICAN  FRESCOES.  —  Will  any  of  your 
readers  kindly  throw  some  light  on  the 
following  words,  found  on  a  set  of  old  engrav- 
ings of  frescoes  in  the  Vatican  ? — •"  lo. 
Jacobus  de  Rubeis  Formis,  Romas  ad  Tern- 
plum  Pacis." 

A  mere  translation  is  not  what  I  want. 

THETA. 

EMERSON  IN  ENGLAND. — In  his  '  English 
Traits  '  Emerson  relates  that  he  stayed  at  a 
house  in  Russell  Square  in  1833.  Was  not 
that  the  same  year  that  Heine  paid  England 
a  visit  ?  I  should  like  to  know,  if  possible, 
where  that  house  stands. 

By  the  way,  could  not  something  be  done 
to  mark  the  spots  where  such  immortals 
as  Voltaire,  Rousseau,  Benjamin  Franklin, 
and  Heine  spent  some  time  in  England  ? 


Heine  and  Franklin  both  stayed  in  Craven 
Street.     The    matter    is    deserving    of    con- 
sideration. M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 
Percy  House,  South  Hackney. 

ASTRJEA  :  ITALIAN  PROVERB. — On  the 
monument  to  Sir  Edward  Denny  (died  1599 
or  1600)  in  Waltham  Abbey  occur  these 
words  : — 

"If  ye  times  (more  happily  flourishing  under 
gratipus  Astrsea)  had  been  aunswearable  to  his 
Heroicall  designes,  wthout  all  doubt  he  could  not  but 
have  had  (accordinge  to  ye  strange  Italian  proverbe) 
his  beake  greater  than  his  wings." 

1.  Does  Astrsea  here  mean  Queen  Eliza- 
beth ? 

2.  What  is  the  Italian  proverb  referred  to  ? 
Is  it  still  in  use  ?     And  what  is  its  sense  ? 

G. 

[Astrsea  was  one  of  the  poetical  names  applied  to 
Elizabeth.  Sir  John  Davies  wrote  in  her  honour  a 
series  of  twenty-six  acrostics  entitled  *  Hymns  of 
Astrsea.'] 

SENIOR  WRANGLERS  :  SENIOR  CLASSICS. 
— Of  the  seventeen  Colleges  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  Cambridge,  beginning  with  Peter- 
house,  founded  in  1257,  and  ending  with 
Downing,  established  in  1800,  it  is  in- 
teresting to  note  that  sixteen  have  produced 
Senior  Wranglers  at  some  time  since  1748, 
the  date  of  the  first  competition. 

Two  of  the  Colleges,  however,  are  far  in 
the  van  of  successes,  St.  John's  heading  the 
list  with  the  substantial  total  of  53  Senior 
Wranglers,  and  Trinity  being  an  excellent 
second  with  49.  Caius  is  third  with  13, 
immediately  followed  by  Queens'  with  9  ; 
Peterhouse  ranks  fifth  with  8,  while  Christ's 
and  Pembroke  each  have  to  be  credited 
with  half  a  dozen.  Corpus  ranks  eighth  on 
the  list  with  4,  and  Magdalene  ninth  with  3. 
Jesus,  Sidney,  and  St.  Catherine's  have 
two  each ;  while  the  remaining  four 
Colleges — Clare,  Emmanuel,  King's,  and 
Trinity  Hall — have  one  apiece. 

Although  this  competition  is  now  a  thing 
of  the  past,  at  any  rate  under  its  old  name, 
yet  a  certain  interest  will  always  be  attached 
to  it  as  one  of  the  oldest  of  such  examinations. 
A  writer  in  The  Cornhill  Magazine  has  said 
that  "  the  College,  the  tutor,  even  the  bed- 
maker,  or  '  gyp '  of  the  Senior  Wrangler, 
had  a  momentary  share  of  his  glory." 

I  think  it  would  therefore  be  instructive 
as  well  as  interesting  to  know  the  names 
of  the  schools  that  have  produced  such 
scholars,  and  I  shall  be  much  obliged  if 
any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  will  give  me  the 
information  required,  or  at  least  the  name 
of  the  school  which  heads  the  list.  I  believe 


TO 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  JULY  22, 1911. 


King  Edward's  School,  Birmingham,  has 
had  two  such  successes.  One  of  the  smallest 
schools  to  achieve  such  distinction  was 
King  Edward  VI. 's  Grammar  School,  Bath, 
in  1882. 

I  cannot  trace  anything  in  the  various 
Indexes  of  *  N.  &  Q.'  which  refers  to  Senior 
Wranglers  by  name  ;  but  in  the  First  Series, 
iv.  484  and  v.  91,  137,  there  is  a  reference 
to  the  origin  of  the  term  Tripos,  and  in  the 
same  series,  xi.  342,  another  reference  to 
Tripos  day  at  Cambridge. 

I  shall  be  equally  grateful  for  any  infor- 
mation with  regard  to  the  schools  which  have 
sent  forth  the  greatest  number  of  Senior 
Classics  as  well.  With  regard  to  the  latter, 
I  fancy  that  King  Edward's  School,  Bir- 
mingham, already  mentioned,  if  not  first, 
occupies  an  eminent  place. 

FREDERICK  CHARLES  WHITE. 

26,  Arran  Street,  Roath  Park,  Cardiff. 

IRISH  SCHOOLBOYS  :  DESCRIPTIONS  or 
PARENTS. — Can  any  of  your  readers  throw 
light  upon  the  following  words  ?  They 
occur  in  a  list  of  the  professions  or  trades 
to  which  the  fathers  of  the  boys  belonged 
who  were  educated  at  a  school  in  the  North 
of  Ireland  : — 

1.  "  Mensor." 

2.  "  L.  T.  Ducis." 

3.  "  Dux  Militum." 

4.  "  Centurio." 

5.  "  Juris  Consul tus." 

The  words  occur  between  1711  and  1847. 

J.   A.   L. 

CHARLES  I. :  *  BIBLIA  AUREA.' — A  volume 
with  the  title  mentioned  above  was,  I  believe, 
in  the  possession  of  Charles  I.  What  sort  of 
Bible  was  it,  and  would  it  now  be  a  rarity 
apart  from  its  historic  association  ? 

POURQUOI  PAS. 

REPRIEVE  FOR  99  YEARS. — In  Read's 
Weekly  Journal,  or  British-Gazetteer,  for 
7  December,  1751,  it  was  announced  from 
Bristol  that 

"  a  Reprieve  for  ninety-nine  years,  came  Express 
Yesterday  [29  Nov.]  for  Daniel  Bishop,  who  is 
to  plead  his  Majesty's  Pardon  at  the  next  Assizes, 
and  then  to  be  transported  for  life." 
Were  reprieves  of  this  time-limit  customary, 
and,  if  so,  when  did  they  cease  to  be  issued  ? 

A.  F.  R. 

HUNGERFORD  FAMILY.— Thomas  Hunger- 
ford  owned  lands  at  Yatton,  co.  Somerset, 
his  will  being  dated  1739.  His  daughter 
Jane  married  Edward  Oliver  of  Bristol.  Can 


any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  kindly  tell  me 
to  which  branch  of  the  above  family  he 
belonged,  and  the  name  of  his  father  ? 
Please  reply  direct. 

(Mrs.)  ELSIE  OLIVER. 
45,  Church  Crescent,  Muswell  Hill,  N. 


DAVID  HUGHSON  "  :   EDWARD  AND 
DAVID    PUGH. 

(11  S.  ii.  89.) 

MAJOR  YARROW  BALDOCK  asks  at  the  above 
reference  for  some  particulars  relating  to  the 
author  of  a  work  on  London  which  was  pub- 
lished in  six  volumes  as  by  David  Hughson, 
LL.D.,  during  the  years  1805  to  1809  ;  and 
he  adds  that  in  the  Catalogue  of  the  library 
of  the  British  Museum  the  name  of  Hughson 
is  stated  to  be  the  pseudonym  of  Edward 
Pugh.  Such  was  the  case  in  July  last  year, 
but  it  has  now  been  altered,  as  it  was  an 
error  copied  from  Lowndes  (see  Bonn's  ed., 
ii.  1136). 

The  work  in  question  was  compiled  by 
David  Pugh,  LL.D.,  who  died  at  Blewit/s 
Buildings,  Fetter  Lane,  on  14  September, 
1819,  aged  63.  He  was  then  described  as 
formerly  a  printer,  and  afterwards  a  writer 
in  the  daily  press,  as  well  as  a  contributor 
to  Arthur  Aikin's  Annual  Review  and  other 
periodical  works.  The  disguise  of  Hughson, 
which  he  adopted  for  his  literary  works,  had 
its  origin  in  his  own  name  (having  been  sug- 
gested by  the  words  Ap-Hugh).  His  great 
compilation  was 

(1)  "London,  being;  an  accurate  history  and 
description  of  the  British  Metropolis  and  its  neigh- 
bourhood to  thirty  miles  extent,  from  an  actual 
perambulation,  by  David  Hughson,  LL.D.  Vol.  I. 
London,  printed  by  W.  Stratford,  Crown-Court, 
Temple-Bar,  for  J  Stratford,  No.  112,  Holborn-Hill, 
and  sold  by  all  other  booksellers.  1805."  Vol.11., 
1805;  Vol.  III.,  1806;  Vol.  IV,  1807;  Vol.  V., 
1808  ;  Vol.  VI.,  1809. 

The  other  works  by  him,  which  can  be 
seen  at  the  British  Museum,  are  : — 


(2)     "  An  epitome  of   the  privileges  of  London, 

"  ,    ".,       id  and 
David  Hughson,  1816.' 


including    Southwark,   digested  and  arranged  by 


By  a  resolution  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Council  a  copy  was  presented  to  every 
member  of  the  corporation. 

(3)  "A  respectful  appeal  to  the  Mayor,  &c  ,  of 
London  on  behalf  of  the  rights  of  their  fellow- 
citizens  and  inhabitants  of  Southwark.  By  David 
Hughson.  1816." 


ii  s.  iv.  JULY  22,  i9ii.]        NOTES  AND  QU  ERIES. 


71 


(4)  "  Walks  through  London,  including  West- 
minster and  the  borough  of  Southwark,  with  the 
surrounding  suburbs.     By  David  Hughson,  LL.D. 
1817." 

(5)  "  Multum  in  parvo,  the  privileges  of  South- 
wark.   By  David  Hughson,  LL.D.  [1818]." 

Hughson  circulated  in  1812  the  pro- 
spectus of  a  work  to  be  called  '  The  Chronicle 
of  the  Reign  of  George  III.,'  and  to  be  issued 
in  parts  at  intervals  of  two  months,  beginning 
on  1  March,  1812  ;  but  I  cannot  find  that 
any  part  of  it  was  published.  He  is  also 
mentioned  as  the  editor  of  '  The  British 
Constitution  Analyzed.' 

David  Pugh  was  a  book-compiler,  Edward 
Pugh  was  an  artist.  He  exhibited  at  the 
Royal  Academy  from  1793  to  1808,  in  all 
23  pictures,  mostly  portraits,  and  the  de- 
scription of  him  given  by  Mr.  Graves  was 
that  of  "  miniature  painter."  He  obtained 
the  second  premium  from  the  committee 
of  Lloyd's  which  managed  the  Patriotic 
Fund  for  a  design  for  a  vase.  The  portrait 
which  was  contributed  to  the  Academy  in 
1821  (No.  746)  by  Edward  Pugh  as  an 
honorary  exhibitor,  was  probably  by  him, 
and  shown  in  that  way  as  the  work  of  a  dead 
artist.  In  1808  he  exhibited  at  the  British 
Institution  a  picture  of  '  Gay  ton  Wake,' 
illustrating  it  by  a  quotation  from  the  poem 
of  '  Gay  ton  Wake,  or  Mary  Dod,'  the  com- 
position of  his  friend  Richard  Llwyd,  which 
was  printed  at  Chester  in  1804.  During 
most-  of  this  period  his  address  was  in 
London,  but  in  the  Academy  catalogue  for 
1800  Chester  was  given  as  his  place  of  resi- 
dence. 

The  work  by  which  Edward  Pugh  is 
remembered  now  is  the  "splendid"  volume 
of  "  Cambria  Depicta,  a  tour  through  North 
Wales,  illustrated  with  picturesque  views. 
By  a  native  artist.  London,  1816."  The 
term  "  a  native  artist  "  was  applied  to  him 
by  the  same  Richard  Llwyd  in  his  anony- 
mous poem  of  '  Beaumaris  Bay'  (1800?), 
and  Llwyd  claimed  to  have  supplied  him 
with  some  interesting  details  for  his  volume 
(Life  of  Llwyd  prefixed  to  his  poetical  works, 
1837,  p.  Iv). 

The  preface  to  '  Cambria  Depicta '  is 
signed  Edward  Pugh,  and  dated  Ruthin, 
10  May,  1813.  It  says  that  a  chance  con- 

tversation  for  an  hour  with  Alderman  Boy- 
dell  suggested  the  undertaking.  He  put 
it  by  for  a  time,  but  in  the  spring  of  1804 
the  idea  of  "a  combination  of  objects  " 
forced  itself  upon  him,  and  he  determined 
upon  carrying  out  the  work.  To  execute  it 
he  travelled  "as  a  pedestrian  between 


two  and  three  thousand  miles,  over  one  of 
the  roughest  districts  of  Great  Britain," 
and,  like  Oliver  Goldsmith,  supported  him- 
self on  his  tour  of  eight  months  by  playing 
the  flute.  He  tells  us  in  his  narrative  that 
he  was  a  native  of  Ruthin,  and  that  his 
mother  was  still  alive,  though  aged/  A  note 
at  the  end  of  the  preface  erroneously  says 
that  he  died  at  Ruthin  in  June,  1813.  It 
adds  that  Pugh  "  was  ten  years  in  com- 
pleting the  drawings  for  this  volume," 
and  he  claimed  that  they  were  "all  of 
them  new  to  the  public." 

The  volume  contained  71  coloured  plates 
(including  the  frontispiece),  by  T.  Cart- 
wright,  R.  Havell,  and  T.  Bonnor  (two  being 
unsigned),  from  the  drawings  of  Pugh.  Miss 
Prideaux  calls  it  "  the  best  of  all  the  books 
on  Wales,"  but  she  qualifies  this  phrase 
by  the  assertion  that  "  the  views,  pleasant 
and  careful  as  they  are,  lack  originality  of 
treatment."  They  are  often  sold  separately. 

The  date  of  Pugh's  death  is  given  in  Sir 
Richard  Phillips' s  Monthly  Magazine  as 
in  or  about  September,  1813,  and  the  short 
notice  of  him  states  that  he  was  "  the 
draughtsman  employed  to  make  the  views 
for  the  elegant  volume  called  '  Modern 
London.'  He  was  a  very  amiable  man." 
Phillips  in  penning  these  words  may  have 
thought  of  some  of  his  associates  whom  he 
could  not  characterize  in  this  way,  possibly 
even  of  George  Borrow.  The  full  title  of 
this  work  was  "  Modern  London,  being  the 
history  and  present  state  of  the  British 
Metropolis.  Illustrated  with  numerous 
copper  plates.  London,  printed  for  Richard 
Phillips,  1804,"  and  it  was.  published  at 
three  guineas.  The  plates  in  the  topo- 
graphical section  were  by  Pugh.  His  name 
also  appears  on  a  volume  entitled  "  Remarks 
on  a  Tour  to  North  and  South  Wales  in 
1797,  with  plates  from  Rowlandson,  Pugh, 
Howitt,  &c.  (aquatinted  by  J.  Hill).  London, 
W.  Wigstead,  1800."  A  view  of  Ruthin  by 
him  was  printed  separately  in  1797,  and 
dedicated  to  Lord  Bagot.  The  little  collec- 
tion of  poems  in  the  Welsh  language  by 
Edward  Pugh,  which  was  printed  at  Aber- 
tawe  in  1816,  is  by  a  different  person. 

Through  the  kindness  of  the  Rev.  Lewis 
Pryce,  Warden  of  Ruthin,  I  am  now  enabled 
to  state  that  Edward  Pugh  died  at  Wall 
Street,  Ruthin,  aged  52,  and  was  buried  at 
Ruthin  on  20  July,  1813,  being  described 
as  "  Limner."  His  parents,  Edward  Pugh 
and  Elizabeth  Maddocks,  both  of  Ruthin, 
were  married,  after  banns,  in  its  parish 
church  on  2  July,  1759  ;  and  Edward  Pugh 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [u  s.  iv.  JULY  22,  mi. 


their  son  was  baptized  in  the  parish  church 
of  Llanrhydd,  in  which  parish  part  of  the 
town  of  Ruthin  is  situate,  on  5  October, 
1760,  his  father's  trade  being  given  as  shoe- 
maker. 

Edward  Pugh  the  artist  and  David  Pugh 
the  man  of*letters  were  probably  first  cousins. 
A  David  Pugh  witnessed  the  marriage  of 
Edward  Pugh  and  Elizabeth  Haddocks  ; 
and  David  Pugh  of  the  Parish  of  Ruthin  was 
married  by  licence  in  its  church  to  Dorothy 
Jones  of  the  parish  of  Llanbedr  on  25  May, 
1756.  If  the  book-writer  were  born  in 
the  first  part  of  the  following  year  (1757), 
he  would  at  the  date  of  his  death  in  Sep- 
tember, 1819,  have  been  in  his  63rd  year. 
This  Dorothy  Pugh,  of  Wall  Street,  Ruthin, 
was  buried  there  on  1  January,  1816,  being 
a  widow,  aged  85. 

See  Monthly  Mag.,  xxxvi.  (1813,  pt.  ii.) 
187  ;  xlviii.  (1819,  pt.  ii)  372  ;  Gent.  Mag., 
1819,  pt.  ii.  378;  'Aquatint  Engraving,' 
by  S.  T.  Prideaux,  1909,  pp.  278-9,  348,  368  ; 
Algernon  Graves,  '  Royal  Academy  Ex- 
hibitors,' vi.  214  ;  Algernon  Graves,  '  The 
British  Institution/  p.  440. 

W.  P.  COURTNEY. 


MITRES  AT  CORONATIONS  (US.  iv.  27). — 
This  subject  has  received  frequent  notice 
of  late  in  the  columns  of  The  Church  Times, 
where  more  than  one  correspondent  ex- 
pressed the  wish  that  the  wearing  of  mitres 
by  the  bishops  would  be  revived  at  the 
Coronation  of  King  George. 

Several  months  back  (I  cannot  supply 
the  exact  reference)  there  appeared  in 
the  same  periodical  a  correspondence  con- 
cerning the  mitre  (still  in  existence)  which 
belonged  to  William  Seabury,  Bishop  of 
Connecticut  (or  Massachusetts),  the  first 
bishop  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church 
of  America,  who  was  consecrated  at  Aber- 
deen in  1784.  The  mitre  was  described  as 
being  black  with  gold  embroidery,  similar, 
perhaps,  to  that  mentioned  by  MR.  F.  T. 
HIBGAME.  But  of  course  Bishop  Seabury 
was  never  present  at  a  Coronation,  at  least 
as  a  bishop.  R.  L.  MORETON. 

THE  LOTUS  AND  INDIA  (US.  iv.  27).— 
The  Nelumbium  speciosum  is  the  Egyptian 
bean  of  Pythagoras,  the  lotus  and  tamara 
of  the  Hindus,  who  hold  it  sacred.  With 
them  it  is  the  floating  shell  of  Vishnu  and 
the  throne  of  Brahma.  The  flowers  and 
leaves  are  very  similar  to  those  of  water- 
lilies. 


The  small  brass  pot,  spheroidal  in  shape* 
called  a  lota,  is  described  by  Col.  Yule  in  his 
'  Hobson-Jobson.' 

I  well  remember  Lord  Randolph  Churchill 
denouncing  a  distinguished  Viceroy  of  India, 
and  accusing  him  of  being  "  lulled  to  lan- 
guor by  the  land  of  the  lotus." 

J.  E.  LATTON  PICKERING. 

Inner  Temple  Library. 

The  Queen's  robe  could  not  have  been 
embroidered  with  any  flower  more  sug- 
gestive of  India  than  is'the  lotus.  The  name 
has  been  applied  to  various  plants  ;  but  the 
one  that  is  identified  with  the  Indian  Empire 
is  a  nelumbo  (Nelumbium  speciosum),  an 
aquatic  growth,  which  has  a  place  in  the 
mythology  of  the  Hindus,  and  is  the  principal 
motif  in  their  decorative  designs.  The 
flowrer  and  bud  of  the  lotus,  as  Sir  George 
Birdwood  pointed  out,  have  furnished  "  the 
universal  ornamental  form  among  the  Asiatic 
Aryas  from  the  beginning  of  their  art  history." 
What  the  rose  should  be  to  English  pattern- 
makers, that  is  the  lotus  to  their  distant 
fellow-subjects.  Hence  the  appropriateness 
of  the  device  of  Queen  Mary's  vestment. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

QUEEN  ELIZABETH  AT  BISHOP'S  STORTFORD 
(11  S.  iv.  27). — For  a  criticism  of  the  story 
in  connexion  with  the  Queen's  visit  to 
Cambridge  in  August,  1564,  given  in  Froude's 
'  History  of  England  '  from  the  Simancas 
MSS.  and  depending  on  the  authority  of 
the  Spanish  Ambassador  De  Silva,  who 
professed  to  have  heard  it  from  an  eye- 
witness, see  Mullinger's  '  University  of  Cam- 
bridge,' vol.  ii.  pp.  190-91.  Mr.  Mullinger 
points  out  that  there  is  no  mention  of  the 
alleged  occurrence  in  the  three  principal 
sources  to  which  we  are  indebted  for  our 
knowledge  of  the  details  of  the  royal  visit. 
He  argues  from  what  is  known  of  the  writers 
of  the  narratives  that  "  it  seems  in  the 
highest  degree  improbable  that  these  three 
would  have  omitted  all  reference  to  an  incident 
so  damaging  to  the  Puritan  party." 

With  regard  to  the  scene  being  laid  at 
Bishop's  Stortford,  the  Queen  left  Cambridge 
on  10  August  by  the  Huntingdon  Road  for 
the  Bishop  of  Ely's  palace  at  Longstanton. 
A  detailed  account  of  the  visit  is  given  in 
C.  H.  Cooper's  'Annals  of  Cambridge/ 
vol.  ii.  pp.  181-208.  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

I  have  not  read  the  novel  in  question,  but 
no  doubt  Monsignor  Benson's  authority  is 
a  yarn  sent  home  by  the  Spanish  ambassador 
Don  Diego  Guzman  de  Silva.  The  Queen 


ii  s.  iv.  JULY  22,  ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


was  at  Cambridge  in  August,  1564,  and 
Don  Diego's  letter  can  be  found  in  the  Spanish 
Calendar  of  State  Papers  soon  after  that 
date.  To  all  appearance,  some  wag  pulled 
the  hidalgo's  leg.  L.  L.  K. 

"BURSELL"  (11  S.  iv.  29).— This  can 
hardly  be  other  than  an  unexpected  survival 
of  the  A.-S.  burg-sele,  which  even  in  Anglo- 
Saxon  is  scarce,  and  in  Middle  English 
seems  to  be  altogether  unrecorded.  Here 
burg  is  "  borough "  ;  and  sele  means 
"habitation"  or  "dwelling-place,"  being 
allied  to  the  G.  Saal,  a  room.  But  sele  was 
also  used  with  reference  to  slight  shelters, 
as  is  clear  from  the  compound  levesel  in 
Chaucer's  '  Reeve's  Tale,'  Group  A,  1.  4061. 
My  note  on  this  word  mentions  burg-seel 
(variant  of  burg-sele},  and  explains  the  sense 
of  levesel  very  fully.  The  fact  that  Widow 
S  tutting  was  fined  only  twopence  for  non- 
repair of  her  bursell  shows  that  it  was  not  a 
structure  of  very  great  dimensions.  I 
suggest  that  her  bur-sell  or  "  borough-bower" 
was  merely  a  shelter  or  porch  before  her 
door,  which  would  be  conspicuous,  and 
therefore  a  thing  to  be  kept  in  good  repair, 
and  at  the  same  time  not  very  expensive 
to  make  good.  I  beg  leave  to  refer  to  my 
note  to  Chaucer's  works,  vol.  v.  p.  123, 
for  further  illustration. 

WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

Perhaps  Katharine  Stutting,  widow, 
neglected  to  keep  in  good  condition  the 
borstal,  or  uphill  way,  leading  to  her  house 
or  elsewhere,  for  which  she  was  answerable. 
As  we  do  not  know  when  her  day  was,  we 
cannot  calculate  the  value  of  the  twopence. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

SERJEANTS'  INN  :  DINNER  IN  1839  (11  S. 
iv.  5). — I  regret  that  in  my  note  I  carelessly 
added  the  words  "  Fleet  Street "  to  my 
mention  of  the  remains  of  the  Inn  lately 
destroyed  :  I  should  have  said  Chancery 
Lane. 

There  were  from  first  to  last  three  Inns 
of  the  legal  Serjeants  in  London. 

Scrope's  Inn,  Holborn,  had  belonged  to 
Richard,  first  Lord  Scrope  of  Bolton,  and 
in  1459  to  Henry,  fourth  Lord.  After 
being  for  a  time  the  Serjeants'  Inn,  it  was 
restored  to  the  fifth  Lord  Scrope  in  1494. 

Serjeants'  Inn,  on  the  south  side  of  Fleet 
Street,  was  the  property  of  the  Dean  and 
Chapter  of  York,  and  is  said  to  have  been 
first  occupied  by  Serjeants  in  the  reign  of 
Henry  VIII.,  having  previously  been  a 
private  dwelling.  In  the  course  of  the 


eighteenth  century  the  Serjeants  connected 
with  it  joined  the  Chancery  Lane  Inn,  and 
the  hall  was  taken  by  the  Amicable  Assur- 
ance Society,  the  rest  of  the  buildings  being 
turned  into  private  houses.  The  name 
is  still  kept  up,  but  the  place,  though  fre- 
quented by  solicitors,  is  now  nothing  more 
than  an  ordinary  square. 

The  third  Inn,  namely,  that  in  Chancery 
Lane,  was  anciently  called  Farringdon  Inn. 
About  1414-15  it  was  acquired  as  an  Inn 
for  judges  and  Serjeants,  and  continued  to 
be  so  used  until  its  final  disestablishment. 
The  premises  and  their  contents  were  sold 
by  auction  in  1877,  the  large  sum  of  money 
thus  raised  being  divided  among  the  mem- 
bers of  the  Society.  The  building  lately 
demolished  was  only  a  remnant  of  this- 
former  Inn.  PHILIP  NORMAN. 

RICHARD  ROLLE'S  '  PRICK  OF  CONSCIENCE  ': 
'THE  BRITISH  CRITIC'  (US.  iii.  227,  277, 
377,  417,  458;  iv.  11).— I  have  before  me, 
as  I  write  these  words,  The  British  Critic? 
vol.  iii.  1794,  and  its  subsidiary  title  is  not 
"  New  Series,"  but,  as  in  the  case  of  all  the 
other  volumes  up  to,  and  including,  vol.  xii., 
"A  New  Review."  MR.  MATTHEWS'S  state- 
ment omits  the  General  Index  to  vols.  i.-xx. 
and  to  vols.  xxi.-xlii.  (1793  to  1813),  each 
of  which  forms  a  volume. 

My  "  authority  "  was,  certainly,  "  second- 
hand," viz.,  the  second-hand  catalogue  of 
a  firm  which  shall  here  be  nameless,  and  which 
being;  human,  has,  it  appears,  slightly 
blundered.  This  peccant  firm  includes  in 
its  "  grand  total  "  The  Quarterly  Theological 
Review  and  Ecclesiastical  Record,  which,, 
beginning  in  December,  1824,  completed 
four  volumes  by  its  issue  for  September,. 
1826,  and  was  thenceforward  blended  with,, 
and  its  title  appended  to  that  of,  its  quondam 
rival  The  British  Critic,  as  noted  in  MR. 
MATTHEWS'S  summary.  The  firm  in  question 
also  includes  in  its  "  set  "  The  Theological 
Critic  (edited  by  the  Rev.  T.  K.  Arnold), 
which,  after  an  interval  of  seven  years, 
filled  the  place  left  vacant  by  the  defunct 
British  Critic. 

If  MR.  MATTHEWS  accepts  these  addi- 
tions, his  collation  will  be  modified  thus  : 
102+1  +  1  +  4  +  2=110  volumes,  and  the 
aforesaid  "  grand  total  "  will  be  increased 
by  one  volume,  and  its  defining  dates 
altered  to  1793-1843  ;  1851-2. 

I  thank  your  correspondent  who  ( 1 1  S.  iii. 
458)  convicts  me  of  having  affixed  to  the 
name  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Mozley  an 
"  inapposite  titular  appendage  "  ;  and  in 


74 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  JULY  22,1911. 


extenuation  of  my  other  default,  acknow- 
ledged above,!  gladly  adopt  MB.  MATTHEWS' s 
dictum,  "  Bibliography  presents  many  pit- 
falls for  the  unwary." 

CHARLES    HIGHAM. 

THE  BURNING  or  Moscow  (11  S.  iii.  464). 
— Whether  the  fire  was  accident  or  design, 
whether  caused  by  Russians  or  French, 
the  secret  would  have  been  known  to  few, 
and  by  those  few  was  well  kept.  Like  many 
another  historical  mystery,  it  will,  no  doubt, 
remain  unsolved  to  the  end  of  time.  But 
lias  it  never  crossed  the  mind  of  historian  or 
pamphleteer  to  suspect  as  the  incendiary  Sir 
Robert  Wilson,  then  British  commissioner 
at  the  Russian  head-quarters  ?  A  born 
soldier,  brave  yet  cunning,  a  skilful  organizer, 
if  not,  perhaps,  a  great  strategist,  he  possessed 
the  mind  to  conceive,  the  daring  to  carry 
out,  a  desperate  venture  of  this  nature. 
Russian  soldiers,  valiant  and  unflinching 
in  the  field,  have  seldom  been  gifted  with 
the  special  "  knack "  of  turning  dismal 
failure  into  glorious  victory.  "  Schwartzem- 
berg  told  him  [Aberdeen],"  says  the  '  D.N.B.,' 
"  that,  conspicuous  as  were  Wilson's  services 
in  the  field,  they  fell  short  of  those  he  had 
rendered  out  of  the  field."  Napoleon  at 
St.  Helena  spoke  bitterly  of  "Wilson," 
the  Englishman  who  hung  upon  his  flanks 
during  the  retreat.  Had  Kutusov,  the 
Russian  commander,  acted  upon  Wilson's 
.advice,  the  retreat  would  have  become  an 
unconditional  surrender.  Later,  Wilson 
greatly  contributed  to  the  victory  at  Leipsic. 
When  the  fallen  Emperor  heard  of  the  escape 
of  Lavalette  and  the  share  Wilson  took 
therein,  he  professed  to  "  forgive  "  his  old 
enemy,  though  he  did  so  grudgingly. 

Wilson,  though  his  name  is  now  scarcely 
remembered,  save,  maybe,  for  the  affray 
known  as  the  "  Piccadilly  butchers,"  was 
•one  of  those  men,  made  in  heroic  mould, 
who  have  but  rarely  in  later  days  adorned 
the  page  of  history. 

HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 

39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennington  Lane. 

"BAST"  (11  S.  iv.  7). — Bast  is  a  Persian 
word,  meaning  "  he  bound  or  connected," 
from  bastan,  "  to  bind,  shut  up,  enclose  " 
{see  F.  Johnson,  '  Persian  Dictionary,'  s.v.). 
The  practice  of  taking  sanctuary  to  avoid 
the  oppression  of  their  rulers  is  common  in 
Persia.  The  mausoleum  at  Kiim  is  one  of 
the  most  celebrated  sanctuaries. 

"Although  in  general  the  tombs  of  all  their 
Imam  Zadehs  (descendants  of  Imams)  are  looked 
upon  as  sanctuaries,  yet  there  are  some  accounted 
more  sacred  than  others  ;  without  this  single 


impediment  in  the  way  of  the  Persian  king's 
power,  his  subjects  would  be  totally  at  his  mercy." 
— J.  Morier,  '  A  Second  Journey  through  Persia,' 
1818,  p.  166. 

The  great  cannon  in  the  Maidan  at  Teheran 
is  regarded  as  a  place  of  sanctuary.  The 
same  is  the  case  with  the  King's  stables. 
This  belief  has  been  extended  to  Europeans' 
horses.  Sir  T.  Holdich  ( '  The  Indian  Border- 
land,' p.  333)  describes  a  Persian  going  into 
bast  behind  an  ill-tempered  horse  belonging 
to  Capt.  Sykes.  Mr.  C.  J.  Wills  ('  The  Land 
of  the  Lion  and  Sun,'  ed.  1891,  p.  137)  tells 
of  his  groom  taking  sanctuary  in  the  Arme- 
nian Cathedral  at  Julfa,  from  which,  being 
a  Musalman,  he  was  immediately  expelled. 
MR.  MAYHEW  will  find  numerous  examples 
of  the  custom  in  Frazer,  '  Totemism  and 
Exogamy,'  i.  97  ff.,  and  in  Westermarck, 
'  Origin  and  Development  of  the  Moral 
Ideas,'  ii.  628  ff.  EMERITUS. 

ST.  COLUMB  AND  STRATTOX  ACCOUNTS 

(11  S.  iv.  7).— The  references  to  the  "  halfe 
part  "  and  "  dim'  "  of  the  '  Paraphrasis  ' 
of  Erasmus  are  to  the  payment  by  the 
parishioners  of  half  the  cost,  in  accordance 
with  the  Injunctions  of  Edward  VI.,  No.  7 
of  which  runs  : — 

"  Also,  that  they  shall  provide  within  three 
months  next  after  this  visitation  one  book  of  the 
whole  Bible,  of  the  largest  volume,  in  English. 
And  within  one  twelve  months  next  after  the 
said  visitation,  the  'Paraphrasis  '  of  Erasmus,  also 
in  English,  upon  the  Gospels,  and  the  same 
set  up  in  some  convenient  place  within  the  said 
church  that  they  have  cure  of,  whereas  their 
parishioners  may  most  commodiously  resort  unto 
the  same,  and  read  the  same.  The  charges  of 
which  books  shall  be  ratably  borne  between 
the  parson  and  approprietary,  and  parishioners 
aforesaid,  that  is  to  say,  the  one  half  by  the 
parson  or  proprietary,  and  the  other  half  by  the 
parishioners." 

Many  parishes  failed  to  procure  the  '  Para- 
phrasis,' and  in  their  presentments  in  reply 
to  articles  of  the  bishops  at  their  visitations, 
the  churchwardens  and  parishioners  would 
certify  the  default  and  excuse  themselves, 
as  did  those  of  Boddington,  Gloucestershire, 
in  1563,  by  saying  "  that  they  lacke  a  para- 
phrasis  of  Erasmus  :  the  parishe  is  reddy  to 
buy  there  parte."  F.  S.  HOCKADAY. 

Lydney,  Gloucestershire. 

"WAIT  AND  SEE"  (11  S.  iii.  366,  434).- 
The  authorship  of  this  phrase  as  a  "  political 
catchword "  is  by  no  means  due  to  Mr. 
Asquith.  It  is  to  be  found  in  the  well- 
known  burlesque  *  The  Happy  Land,'  by 
F.  Tomline  and  Gilbert  a  Beckett,  which  in 
1873  overwhelmed  the  then  Liberal  Govern- 


ii  s.  iv.  JULY  22,  ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


75 


merit  in  a  tempest  of  ridicule,  and  was 
solemnly  prohibited  by  the  Lord  Cham- 
berlain : — 

Finale  to  Part  First. 
Darine  (Miss  Bella  Moore). 
By  playing  fast  and  loose 
I  will  govern  them,  be  sure  ; 
The  talisman  of  all  good  luck  at  last  is  ours. 
We  '11  happy  be  at  last, 
For  ever,  evermore. 

Three  Rt.  Hons.  (Mr.  G-.,  Mr/L.,  Mr.  A.). 

Chorus. 

We  '11  happy  be  at  last,    \  r> 
Not  never  any  more.        )  Repeated. 

Zayda  (Miss  Lottie  Venne). 
I  shall  dreaded  be, 
Wait  and  you  shall  see, 
Everlasting  snubbing, 

Drubbing. 

Pulling  nation's  nose, 
Treading  on  its  toes  ; 
Wait  and  you  shall  see 
How  I  '11  dreaded  be. 

Lady  St.  Helier  in  her  '  Memories  of  Fifty 
Years,'  published  not  long  ago,  writes  that 
41  Lady  Waldegrave  always  declared  that 
Mr.  Gladstone's  downfall  was  due  to  the 
burlesque."  C.  S.  HARRIS. 

"  Wait  and  see "  occurs  in  Anthony 
Trollope's  '  Ralph  the  Heir,'  published  in 
1871,  chap,  xlviii.  :  "A  girl  wasn't  like  a 
man,  she  said,  who  could  just  make  up  his 
mind  at  once — a  girl  had  to  wait  and  see." 

W.  B.  H. 

'KENILWORTH':  "MANNA  OF  ST. 
NICHOLAS"  (11  S.  iii.  488). — There  can 
t>e  little  doubt  that  Scott  has  here  been 
guilty  of  an  anachronism.  Looking  back 
over  past  history,  he  has  failed  to  preserve 
the  proper  historical  perspective.  There 
were  cases  of  poisoning  far  earlier  than  those 
referred  to  in  the  query,  but  the  phrase 
"  manna  of  St.  Nicholas  "  fixes  a  definite 
/late  on  a  transaction  which  happened  long 
subsequent  to  the  time  when  Queen  Eliza- 
beth paid  her  memorable  visit  to  Kenilworth. 
A,  novelist  is,  however,  allowed  a  certain 
licence,  and  is  not  bound  to  the  same 
chronological  accuracy  as  an  historian. 

W.  S.  S. 

HENRY  VII.  AND  MABUSE  (US.  iv.  7). 

Mr.  H.  B.  Wheatley  says  in  'Historical 
Portraits  '  (1897),  p.  138  :— 

"  The  painting  which  Walpole  styled  '  The 
Marriage  of  Henry  VII.  and  Elizabeth  of  York,' 
and  wrongly  attributed  to  Mabuse,  is  an  inter- 
esting picture,  and  is  engraved  in  the  '  Anecdotes 

of  Painting.' It  was  bought  for  200Z.  by 

Henrietta  Louisa,  Countess  of  Pomfret,  and 


hung  for  some  years  at  Easton  Neston,  Northants. 
The  Earl  of  Oxford  (according  to  Walpole) 
offered  500Z.  for  the  picture,  but  his  offer  was 
not  accepted,  and  Walpole  bought  it  at  Lord 
Pomfret's  sale  for  84Z.  Mr.  J.  Dent  bought  it  at 
the  Strawberry  Hill  Sale  in  1842  for  178Z.  10s., 
and  Mrs.  Dent  of  Sudeley  lent  it  to  the  Tudor 
Exhibition  hi  1890.  There  is  really  no  marriage 
at  all,  but  the  arms  (if  genuine)  show  that  Henry 
and  Elizabeth  are  represented  hi  it.  The  saint 
walking  with  the  queen  appears  to  be  intended 
for  St.  Thomas  the  Apostle,  and  the  other  figure 
for  St.  Thomas  of  Canterbury.  It  is  probable, 
however,  that  the  arms  have  been  added,  and 
the  figures  converted.  Mr.  Cust  believes  the 
original  to  have  been  a  Madonna  and  saints,  of 
which  the  central  part  has  been  painted  out." 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

[MR.  W.  SCOTT  also  refers  to  Walpole's  *  Anec- 
dotes.'] 

AVIATION  IN  1811  (11  S.  iv.  5). — Supple- 
menting its  remarks  of  9  June,  1811,  quoted 
at  the  above  reference,  The  Observer  of 
30  June,  1811,  said  : — 

"  The  taylor  Bublinger  [sic]  has  been  unsuccess- 
ful in  his  promised  attempt  at  flying  with  the  wings 
he  had  made.  On  the  1st  inst.  he  placed  himself 
on  the  Walls  of  Ulm,  at  the  edge  of  the  Danube, 
for  the  purpose  of  flying  over  that  river  ;  but  no 
sooner  had  he  leaped  from  the  wall,  than  one  of 
his  wings  broke  and  he  fell  into  the  water,  and 
must  have  been  drowned  had  not  some  boats 
gone  to  his  assistance.'* 

CECIL   CLARKE. 

THE  CUCKOO  AND  ITS  CALL  (11  S.  iii.  486  ; 
iv.  30). — Although  we  are  getting  rather 
beyond  the  season  for  discussing  the  "mes- 
senger of  spring,"  it  may  not  be  amiss  to 
supplement  MB.  E.  MARSTON'S  remark  at 
the  last  reference  that  "  the  cuckoo  can 
frequently  be  seen  if  watched  and  waited 
for." 

There  'are  districts  which  the  bird  par- 
ticularly affects — moorlands,  hillsides,  remote 
coppices,  and  so  on,  where  it  finds  nests 
convenient  for  the  depositing  of  its  eggs — • 
and  in  such  places  the  cautious  and  patient 
observer  need  have  no  difficulty  in  seeing  it 
and  noting  its  habits  and  vagaries.  As  in 
every  department  of  nature  study,  the 
essential  thing  in  tracking  the  cuckoo  is  to 
be  systematic  and  quietly  resolute.  It 
may  come  into  the  garden  at  early  morning 
in  quest  of  appropriate  food,  and  the  alert 
inhabitant  may  both  see  it  and  hear  it 
when  it  is  on  such  a  foraging  expedition, 
As  a  rule,  however,  one  must  be  a-field  to 
watch  the  bird  to  advantage,  and  to  be  able 
to  speak  authoritatively  with  reference  to 
its  attractive  and  haunting  voice.  It  may 
be  necessary  to  sit  long  and  pensively  on  a 
stile,  or  to  wander  for  hours  knee -deep  in 
heather,  but  on  a  glorious  afternoon  of  early 


76 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        rn  s.  iv.  JULY  22, 1911. 


summer  either  of!  these  experiences  is 
worth  having,  while  a  stimulating  quest 
appreciably  enhances  its  value. 

In  an  absolutely  casual  fashion  I  once 
became  a  witness  of  what  must  have  been 
a  cuckoo  congress.  Passing  one  day  through 
a  picturesque  glen  with  which  I  have  long 
been  familiar,  I  approached  a  lonely  cottage 
fronted  by  a  little  garden,  which  in  its  turn 
was  flanked  by  two  large  elm  trees  clothed 
in  the  rich  greenery  of  June  foliage.  There 
would  be,  perhaps,  thirty  yards  between 
cottage  and  trees,  each  sphere  forming 
a  centre  of  activity  with  which  the  other 
appeared  to  have  no  connexion.  In  and 
about  the  cottage  the  "  eident  housewife" 
and  her  children  were  diligently  attending 
to  their  own  affairs,  while  a  dozen  cuckoos  or 
more  were  conducting  some  urgent  business 
with  the  trees  as  head-quarters.  Every  now 
and  then  three  or  four  birds  shot  forth  some 
distance  into  the  air,  shouting  lustily  both 
in  going  and  returning,  and  then  for  a  time 
there  were  calls  amid  the  branches,  till 
presently  the  scouting  operations  were 
repeated.  There  was  but  one  fascinated 
onlooker,  for  the  comely  matron  and  the 
members  of  her  family  had  no  time  to  give 
to  the  proceedings  of  cuckoos. 

THOMAS  BAYNE. 

SPIDER  STORIES  (11  S.  iv.  26). — In  an 
account  of  the  West  Indies  written  to 
Charles  V.  of  Spain,  Oviedo  remarks  : — 

"  There  are  also  spiders  of  marvellous  bignesse, 
and  I  have  seen  some  with  bodies  and  legges 
bigger  than  a  man's  hand  extended  every  way, 
and  I  once  saw  one  of  such  'bignesse,  that  onely 
her  body  was  as  bigge  as  a  sparrow,  and  full  of 
that  laune  whereof  they  make  their  webbes : 
this  was  of  a  darke  russet  colour,  wi  th  eyes  greater 
then  the  eyes  of  a  sparrow,  they  are  venemous, 
and  of  terrible  shape  to  behold." — Purchas, 
vol.  ii.  p.  970. 

Probably  both  this  account  and  those 
quoted  by  N.  M.  &  A.  refer  either  to  scor- 
pions or  tarantulas.  W.  B.  GERISH. 

ST.  PATRICK  AND  THE  SHAMROCK  (US.  iii. 
467  ;  iv.  16).  —  The  shamrock  was  used 
as  food  (probably  famine-food)  in  Ireland 
in  the  seventeenth  century,  not  later  than 
1682,  and  as  a  badge  or  emblem  first  in 
1681.  The  story  connecting  it  with  St. 
Patrick  does  not  appear  in  any  of  the  early 
or  mediaeval  lives,  nor  in  the  Life  by  John 
Colgan,  the  date  of  which  is  1647.  There- 
fore it  may  be  supposed  to  have  sprung  up 
in  the  latter  part  of  the  seventeenth  century. 
There  was  a  correspondence  on  the  subject 
in  'N.  &  Q.,'  in  which  the  late  Dr.  Husen- 


beth  took  part,  in  and  about  1864,  but  no- 
exact  date  was  given  for  the  first  appearance- 
of  the  legend. 

The  above  dates  are  taken  from  an  article^ 
on  '  The  Shamrock  in  Literature,'  by  N. 
Colgan,  M.R.I. A.,  in  the  Journal  of  th© 
Royal  Society  of  Antiquaries  of  Ireland,, 
Fifth  Series,  vi.  211  and  349.  J.  T.  F. 

Durham. 

[The  references  to  '  N.  &  Q.'  are  3  S.  i.  224 
319  ;   iv.  187,  233,  293,  422  ;  v.  40,  60,  79,  104.] 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (11  S» 
iv.  28).— The  lines, 

Move  swiftly,  Sun  ;  and  fly  a  Lover's  Pace  : 
Leave  Weeks  and  Months  behind  thee  in  thy  Race,. 

are  at  the  end  of  the  second  part  of  'Th© 
Conquest  of  Granada.'  The  lines  are  cited 
by  Johnson  in  his  life  of  Dryden  from  a 
pamphlet  by  Settle  severely  criticizing 
Dryden's  heroic  plays. 

WM.  E.  BROWNING.. 
63,  St.  James'  Street. 

The  first  two  lines  given  by  J.  M.   will' 

be  found  close  to  the  end  of  Dryden's  'Alman- 

zor    and     Almahide,    or    th©    Conquest   of 

Granada  by  the  Spaniards,  the  Second  Part.*' 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

The  quotation  from  Dryden  beginning 
"  Amariel  flies  "  is  an  incorrect  and  much 
abbreviated  one.  The  correct  form  is  as 
follows  : — 

Amariel  flies  ;  a  darted  mandate  came 
From   that  great  will  which   moves    this  mighty 

frame ; 

Bid  me  to  thee,  my  royal  charge,  repair 
To  guard  thee  from  the  daemons  of  the  air  ; 
My  flaming  sword  above  them  to  display, 
All  keen,  and  ground  upon  the  edge  of  day. 

It  is  from  '  Tyrannic  Love,'  Act  IV.  sc.  i. 

WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 
[J.  M.  and  TOE  REA  also  thanked  for  replies.} 

BELLY  AND  THE  BODY  (11  S.  iv.  9). — In 
Sir  Thomas  North's  translation  of  Plutarch's 
'  Lives  of  the  Noble  Greeks  and  Romans,' 
under  Coriolanus  (who  is  compared  and 
contrasted  with  Alcibiades),  this  fable  is 
put  into  the  mouth  of  Menenius  Agrippa, 
an  aged  Senator.  By  this  means  he  is  said 
to  have  averted  a  threatened  secession  of 
the  Plebs,  the  Senate  granting  that  "  ther© 
should  be  yearly  chosen  five  magistrates, 
which  they  now  call  Tribuni  plebis,  whos© 
office  should  be  to  defend  the  poor  peopl© 
from  violence  and  oppression."  Shake- 
speare reproduces  the  incident  in  his- 
'  Coriolanus,'  I.  i.  90-160. 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 


us.  iv.  JULY 2.M911.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


77 


GORCOCK  will  find  the  lines  quoted  by  him 
in  Menenius's  speech  ('  Coriolanus,'  I.  i.  101). 
v^hakspere  of  course  got  the  parable  from 
North's  '  Plutarch.'  I  believe  something 
to  the  same  effect  is  to  be  found  in  Camden's 
*  Remains.'  P.  A.  MCELWAINE. 

2,  Lansdowne  Gardens,  Dublin. 

The  exact  words  are  found  in  Shake- 
speare's '  Coriolanus,'  Act  I.  sc.  i. 

Menenius  Agrippa  was  the  author  of  the 
fable,  which  is  briefly  related  by  Livy 
<lib.  ii.  32).  Whether  Shakespeare  took 
it  from  the  Roman  writer  or  from  Plutarch 
it  is  difficult  to  say  with  certainty.  As 
the  pla>y  was,  according  to  general  opinion, 
composed  in  1610,  it  might  well  be  that  the 
dramatist  made  use  of  the  version  given  in 
•Camden's  *  Remaines,'  the  first  edition  of 
which  appeared  in  1605.  See  the  chapter 
•entitled  '  Graue  Speeches  and  wittie  Apo- 
thegmes  of  worthie  Personages  of  this  Realme 
in  former  times.'  There  is  considerable 
similarity,  at  all  events,  in  the  language 
employed  by  the  two  writers. 

JOHN   T.    CURRY. 

The  apologue  is  in  '  Coriolanus,'  Act  I. 
*c.  i.  The  story  of  its  political  application 
by  Menenius  Agrippa  is  given  in  Plutarch 
tLife  of  Coriolanus)  and  Livy,  ii.  32.  The 
fable  seems  to  be  of  remote  antiquity,  and 
is  found  in  India.  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

[MB.  E.  E.  STREET,  MB.  W.  JAGGARD,  and  MR. 
'ToM  JONES  also  thanked  for  replies.] 

SON  AND  MOTHER  (11  S-.  iv.  9).  —  The  story 
is  told  by  the  Spanish  humanist  J.  L.  Vives, 
"who  describes  it  as  well  known  in  book  ii. 
chap.  x.  of  his  *  De  Institutione  Feminse 
•Christianas,'  dedicated  to  Catharine  of 
Arragon.  The  young  man  was  being  led  to 
execution.  He  justified  his  treatment  of 
his  mother  to  the  bystanders  on  the  ground 
that  if  she  had  punished  him  when  a  boy 
for  his  first  theft,  that  of  a  schoolfellow's 
book,  he  would  never  have  become  the 
criminal  that  he  then  was. 

There  is  a  curious  similarity  in  one  point 
between  this  story  and  that  related  by 
Valerius  Maximus,  III.  iii.  ext.  3.  Zeno, 
the  Eleatic  philosopher,  who  had  taken  part 
in  a  conspiracy  to  assassinate  the  tyrant 
Nearchus,  was  being  tortured.  Pretending 
that  he  wished  to  make  a  private  communica- 
tion to  Nearchus,  he  was  unbound  from  the 
rack,  and  used  his  opportunity  to  bite  off 
the  tyrant's  ear.  EDWARD  BENSLY. 


GORCOCK  will   find    this  story  in 
Fables  (No.  37  in  an  edition  of  1632,  Leyden). 

J.  B. 


BATTLE  ON  THE  WEY  :  CARPENTER, 
CRESSINGHAM,  AND  ROWE  FAMILIES  (US.  iv. 
24). — MR.  PIERPOINT  has  brought  to  light 
a  document  of  peculiar  interest,  and,  in- 
cidentally, has  indicated  the  manner  in 
which  it  may  possibly  be  accounted  for. 
The  "  cunning  Contrivance "  ascribed  in 
the  document  to  Hugh  Cressingham  is 
identical  (mutatis  mutandis)  with  the  strata- 
gem attributed  by  Blind  Harry  to  Sir 
William  Wallace  at  the  battle  of  Stirling 
in  1297,  where  Cressingham  was  slain. 
Blind  Harry  tells  how  Wallace  visited  the 
bridge  over  the  Forth  before  the  English 
army  appeared  on  the  scene,  taking  with  him 
a  skilled  workman — 

A  wricht — the  suttellast  at  thar  was, 

And  ordand  him  to  saw  the  burd  in  twa .... 

The  tothir  end  he  ordand  for  to  be, 

How  it  suld  stand  on  thre  rowaris  off  tre, 

Quhen  ane  war  out,  that  the  laiff  doun  suld  fall 

Him  selff  wndyr  he  ordand  thar  with  all, 

Bownd  on  the  tresl  in  a  creddill  to  sit, 

To  louss  the  pyn  quhen  Wallace  leit  him  witt. 

Bot  with  a  horn,  quhen  it  was  tyme  to  be, 

In  all  the  ost  suld  no  man  blaw  bot  he. 

And  so,  at  the  blast  of  Wallace's  horn,  the 
man  in  the  cradle  (whose  name,  according 
to  the  minstrel,  was  John  Wright)  knocked 
out  the  pin,  and  the  bridge  gave  way, 
drowning  those  who  were  crossing  at  the 
time,  and  leaving  the  English  army  divided 
in  two. 

It  may  further  be  pointed  out  that  Wallace, 
the  Scottish  patriot  leader,  is  generally 
termed  by  English  chroniclers  William 
"  le  Waleys  "  or  "  the  Welshman,"  from  a 
mistaken  impression  that  he  was  a  native 
of  Wales  instead  of  being  a  man  whose 
ancestors  had  lived  in  Scotland  for  more  than 
a  century  before  his  birth.  This  mistake 
has  been  laid  hold  of  by  the  compiler  of  the 
Carpenter  document  for  the  purpose,  as  it 
would  seem,  of  presenting  a  kind  of  topsy- 
turvy version  of  acknowledged  history. 

The  part  played  by  Hugh  the  carpenter 
in  the  English  version  is  paralleled  by  that 
assigned  to  John  the  wright  in  Scottish 
annals.  Scottish  historical  writers,  it  is 
true,  reject  Blind  Harry's  account  of  the 
stratagem  adopted  by  Wallace.  At  the 
same  time,  the  minstrel's  story  has  obtained 
a  strong  hold  on  local  tradition.  Describing 
the  battle  of  Stirling  in  the  '  Ordnance 
Gazetteer,'  the  late  F.  H.  Groome  says  : — 

"  The  cognomen  of  '  Pin  '  Wright  was  given 
to  the  man  who  undertook  to  '  louss  the  pyn  '  ; 
and  a  descendant  who  died  recently  in  Stirling 
still  bore  the  name,  the  family  having  for  their 
coat  of  arms  a  carpenter's  axe,  the  crest  being  a 
mailed  arm  grasping  an  axe,  and  the  motto 


78 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  iv.  JULY  22, 


Tarn  arte  quam  marie.'" — See  '  Ordnance'Gazetteer 
of  Scotland,'  edited  by  P.  H.  Groome,  new  edition, 
vol.  vi.  (1896). 

A  more  recent  local  historian,  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Menzies  Fergusson  ( '  Logie :  a  Parish 
History,1  1905,  vol.  ii.  p.  263),  expresses 
himself  in  somewhat  similar  terms  : — 

"  The  man  who  cut  the  bridge  was  nicknamed 
Pin-wright.  His  descendants  were  the  Wrights 
of  Broom,  whose  arms,  three  carpenters'  axes 
argent,  on  an  azure  field,  with  the  crest,  a  dexter 
arm  in  armour,  embowed  proper,  coupled  at  the 
shoulder,  grasping  an  axe,  and  the  motto,  Tarn 
arte  quam  marte,  refer  to  the  event." 

With  regard  to  Fordon  or  Fordun,  claimed 
as  the  authority  for  the  Carpenter  version, 
the  author  of  the  '  Scotichroiiicon  '  is  no 
doubt  intended.  Now  probably  the  writer 
known  as  John  of  Fordun  collected  materials 
for  his  history  in  England  and  Ireland  as 
well  a.s  in  Scotland,  and  copies  of  his  work 
in  MS.  are  said  to  have  been  in  the  possession 
of  almost  every  Scottish  monastery,  as  also 
many  in  England.  At  the  same  time,  I 
understand  that  the  ~"  '  Scotichronicon  ' 
knows  next  to  nothing  of  Cressingham,  the 
English  Treasurer,  whose  rashness  at  Stirling 
bridge  lost  the  day  for  England.  Fordun 
describes  the  battle  ('  Scotichronicon,'  ii. 
171,  bk.  xi.  c.  29),  but,  so  far  as  I  am  aware 
or  have  been  able  to  ascertain,  his  remarks 
about  Cressingham  contain  little  information 
with  respect  to  that  individual's  personal 
history.  From  all  that  one  can  gather, 
however,  as  to  Cressingham's  character,  he 
was  about  the  last  man  in  the  world  to  have 
recourse  to  stratagem  in  order  to  overcome 
a  foe  whom  he  despised,  whether  coming 
from  Scotland  or  from  Wales. 

Taking  these  considerations  into  account, 
I  would  venture  to  suggest  that  the  docu- 
ment to  which  MR.  PIERPOINT  calls  attention 
was  either  intended  original^  to  be  a  bit  of 
fun,  or  perhaps,  and  more  probably,  was  a 
pedigree  constructed  by  some  eighteenth- 
century  genealogist  more  desirous  of  earning 
his  fee  than  of  adhering  strictly  to  historical 
fact.  W.  SCOTT. 

"PALE  BEER"  (11  S.  iv.  26).— Writing 
subject  to  correction,  I  believe  that  "  beer  " 
is  the  technical  term  used  by  brewers  for 
liquor  distilled  from  grain  ;  '"black  beer  " 
is  porter  or  stout,  while  ale  is  "pale  beer." 
This  rule  has  been  broken  of  late  years, 
because  Lager  beer  is  pale  beer  ;  and  in 
some  parts  of  the  country  the  terms  are 
reversed — what  is  "  ale  "  in  one  part  is 
"  beer  "  in  another,  and  vice  versa.  "  Ale  " 
was  the  oldest  word  ;  "beer"  is  ale  hopped  : 
but  virtually  the  terms  "  ale  "  and  "  beer  " 


are  synonymous,  so  the  brewer  of  "  pale- 
beer  "  would,  according  to  a  present  London 
description,  be  an  "  ale  brewer." 

A.  RHODES 

"HERE  SLEEPS  A  YOUTH"  (11  S.  iv. 
28). — The  lines  given  are  the  first  verse  of 
"  an  epitaph  designed  for  Thomas  Lloyd, 
Esq.,  of  Alton  in  the  C.  of  Salop,  who  died 

of 

Magazine  of  1752.  I  can 
find  no  reference  to  Thomas  Lloyd  in  the 
obituary  notices  of  The  Gentleman's  Maga- 
zine. R.  VAUGHAN  GOWER. 


-L'Ji3C£.,     \JL    .TVltUH     ill     lillV    T^>.     VI     KJflMJjJ)     VV1JU     V*. 

in   March   last,"  and   appear  on   p.    427 
The  Gentleman's  Magazine  of  1752.     I  c 


CARDINAL  ALLEN'S  ARMS  (US.  iv.  30). — 
Dr.  A.  Bellesheim  in  his  life  (in  German) 
of  the  Cardinal  (Mainz,  1885,  p.  280)  gives 
the  inscription  on  the  Cardinal's  tomb  in 
the  English  College  at  Rome,  and  no  doubt 
his  arms  (if  he  bore  any)  would  be  figured 
also  on  his  tomb.  They  are  shown  on  his 
portrait  prefixed  to  his  Life,  and  are  com- 
posed of  three  animals  (foxes  or  hares  or 
leopards  ?).  W.  A.  B.  COOLIDGE. 

Chalet  Montana,  Grindelwald. 

RICHARD  BADDELEY  (11  S.  iii.  189,. 
492). — He  was  secretary  to  Bishop  Morton, 
and  wrote  his  life.  See  '  Durham  Cathedral 
Registers  '  (Harl.  Soc.)  for  notices  of  the 
Baddeley  family.  A.  R.  E. 

"  GABETIN  "(US.  iv.  26).—  The  '  E.D.D.' 
testifies  that  a  labourer's  smock  is  still  called 
a  gaberdine  in  Northamptonshire,  Suffolk,. 
Essex,  Kent,  and  Sussex.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

"  BUT  "  =  "  WITHOUT  "     IN     THE     BIBLE 

11  S.  iv.  26). — While  one  may  cavil  at  the 
Revisers  for  retaining  the  A.V.  text  of 
Amos  iii.  7,  it  is  doing  them  Jess  than  justice 
to  bracket  the  expressions  of  1  Cor.  vii.  4 

,vith  the  construction  in  the  old  Testament 
passage.  The  translators  of  St.  Paul's- 
statement  render  the  original  almost  literally, 
the  second  clause  in  each  division  of  the 
rse  having  its  predicate  suppressed.  In 
"he  two  places  the  Apostle  writes  anti- 

hetically  dXX.'  o  dvijp  and  «aA/X'  77  yvi/?},. 
;he  verb  suggested  in  each  case  by  the  con- 
text being  e£ov(riaf«e.  The  readings  of  the 
A..V.  are  respectively  "but  the  husband" 
and  "  but  the  wife,"  the  implied  predicate 
being  "hath"  or  "hath  power."  Thus- 

'  but  "  in  the  English  version  represents  the 
urreek  particle,  duly  taking  its  place  as  an 
adversative  conjunction. 

It  may  not  be  amiss  to  add  that  "  but >r 

n  the  sense  of    "  without  "  still  does  duty 


n  s.  iv.  JULY  22,  ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


79* 


in  the  Scottish  Lowlands.  According  to 
genealogists, "  Touch  not  the  cat  but  a  glove  " 
is  the  motto  of  the  Mackintoshes  ;  and  a 
kindly  host  in  rural  parts  may  be  found  who 
will  gently  remonstrate  with  a  bare-headed 
enthusiast  in  the  admonition,  "  You  should 
not  be  oot  but  your  hat." 

THOMAS  BAYNE. 

Although  the  archaic  ambiguity  of  the 
sense  of  1  Cor.  vii.  4  may  be  admitted,  yet, 
considering  that  "  but "  is  derived  from 
Anglo-Saxon  or  Old  English  be-utan,  butan, 
i.e.  —  without  (cf.  the  'Historical  English 
Dictionary  '),  it  seems  to  be  not  quite  fair 
to  assert  that  the  Revisers  of  the  A.V., 
"  with  all  their  Greek,"  "  knew  very  little 
English."  I  believe,  on  the  contrary,  it 
was  to  their  credit  that  they  preserved,  as 
far  as  possible,  the  archaic  character  of  our 
Old  English  Bible  version. 

STUDENT  OF  OLD  ENGLISH. 


0n 


Shepherds  of  Britain  :  Scenes  from  Shepherd  Life, 
Past  and  Present,  from  the  Best  Authorities. 
By  Adelaide  L.  J.  Gosset.  (Constable  &  Co.) 

THE  author  of  this  pleasant  work  deals  with  a 
subject  which  may  well  be  treated  discursively. 
Many  writers  have  contributed  to  it,  nearly  all  of 
whom  understand  and  sympathize  with  the  busi- 
ness of  which  they  discourse. 

The  work,  which  is  illustrated  with  engravings 
of  no  common  character,  is  not  only  well  written, 
but  also  takes  a  wide  scope.  We  find  the  duties 
of  the  shepherds  of  old  and  modern  times  grouped 
in  an  excellent  manner,  with  a  result  far  different 
from  that  produced  by  the  careless  and  frag- 
mentary sketches  which  have  often  passed  for 
descriptions  of  lif  e  among  the  sheep. 

Hitherto  we  have  regarded  shepherds  and  their 
dogs  as  objects  to  be  considered  from  but  one 
point  of  view,  that  of  the  agriculturist  and  grazier; 
here  we  learn  to  consider  them  and  the  flocks  to 
which  they  have  devoted  so  great  a  number  of 
their  years  as  really  worthy  of  study  both  for 
poetical  and  historical  reasons.  It  was  not  till 
the  great  enclosures,  which  were  accepted  in 
many  cases  far  from  willingly,  that  sheep  were 
regarded  as  animals  for  enclosed  land.  In  former 
times  they  were  hereditary  occupants  of  the  hills, 
wolds,  and  high  moorlands  of  the  British  Islands, 
and  there  was  no  more  thought  of  removing  them 
and  devoting  the  ground  to  other  purposes  than 
of  exiling  the  landlords  or  their  hereditary  tenants 
from  their  native  soil. 

A  writer  who  speaks  most  highly  of  shepherds 
regards  ordinary  farm- labourers  in  a  far  different 
light.  He  judges  them  to  be,  as  a  class,  dull 
persons  who  have  no  interest  beyond  their  work. 
This  opinion  is,  we  think,  a  mistake,  though  we 
need  not  say  that  there  are  exceptions,  and 
that  some  of  them,  especially  if  they  represent 


what  may  be  called  the  stolid  Teutonic  type,, 
have  little  power  of  verbal  expression.  Small 
holdings,  where  they  exist,  have  undoubtedly  a 
beneficial  influence  in  bringing  into  view  intel- 
lectual capacities  which  now  are  often  hidden 
rather  than  non-existent.  The  shepherd  of  the 
Northern  hills  and  of  the  South  Downs  has  had; 
long  hours  of  loneliness  under  sun  and  stars  in 
which  to  ponder  and  reflect ;  often,  too,  his 
occupation  is  hereditary,  and  therefore  much 
traditional  wisdom  has  reached  him  from  ancestors 
long  forgotten. 

As  Mr.  Tickner  Edwardes,  who  knows  the  subject 
well,  has  said,  "  Most  shepherds  have  as  long  a 
pedigree  behind  them  as  the  sheep  themselves. 
The  work  has  been  handed  down  from  father  to 
son,  generation  after  generation,  and  there  is  a 
sort  of  family  accumulation  of  skill  and  know- 
ledge. The  child  is  born  within  sound  of  the 
bleating  of  the  flock." 

The  sheepdog  is  said,  and  we  believe  truly,  to> 
be  faithful  above  all  dogs  to  his  own  people 
and  his  own  work  ;  but  he  is  suspicious  of  all 
strangers,  and  will  often  bite  if  caressed  by  any 
one  with  whom  he  is  not  familiar.  In  various 
parts  of  the  book  there  are  accounts  of  the  know- 
ledge and  capacity  to  which  dogs  have  attained,, 
and  we  look  upon  these  as  some  of  the  most 
interesting  portions  of  the  volume.  The  know- 
ledge of  the  animals  regarding  their  duties  seems 
very  often  to  be  as  highly  developed  as  that  of 
their  masters.  Sometimes,  indeed,  they  evolve 
tastes  which  are  quite  unexpected.  The  son  of  a- 
Sussex  shepherd  relates  that  a  shepherd  dog  was 
given  to  an  innkeeper.  He  was  made  a  great  pet,, 
and  allowed  to  wander  wherever  he  pleased.  He 
soon  found  out  the  cellar,  and  accustomed  himself 
to  lap  the  beer  which  dropped  from  the  taps  of 
the  barrels. 

The  South  Downs  are,  there  cannot  be  a  doubt,, 
the  widest  sheep  walk  in  England,  and  the  shep- 
herds and  the  dogs  upon  them  appear  to  have 
had  the  longest  training.  How  many  shepherds- 
are  employed  we  cannot  guess,  but  we  believe 
that  in  not  a  few  instances  the  women  of  the  family 
have  been  brought  up  as  shepherdesses,  and 
when  called  upon  have  done  the  work  very  well,, 
although  it  seems  doubtful  whether  there  ever 
have  been  so  many  female  shepherds  in  England 
as  in  France.  We  have  been  informed,  however,, 
that  fewer  people  of  either  sex  now  work  at  this 
interesting  employment  than  was  the  case  half  a 
century  ago. 

The  account  given  of  shepherds  is  not  limited 
here  to  one  or  two  districts.  Noteworthy  places 
in  Great  Britain  where  sheep  are  to  be  found  in, 
large  numbers  are  treated,  and  much  incidental 
knowledge  may  be  acquired  by  the  ordinary 
reader.  It  seems  that  in  Ireland  bells,  as  a  help> 
to  shepherds,  are  or  were  not  infrequently  hung 
round  the  necks  of  sheep  and  cows  also.  We  may 
remark  that  in  a  North  Lincolnshire  village  with 
which  we  are  acquainted  ewes  are  belled  at 
lambing-time,  even  in  enclosed  pastures,  to  scare 
away  foxes.  It  appears  that  in  Ireland  there  was,, 
and  probably  still  is,  a  fine  levied  if  these  bells 
are  removed.  We  are  informed  that  sheep  -  bells 
are  not  used  in  Scotland  or  the  Isle  of  Man- 
It  does  not  appear  whether  they  are  employed 
in  Wales.  Had  they  been,  some  of  the  writers, 
in  the  present  volume  would,  we  think,  have 
alluded  to  the  custom. 


80 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       ms.iv.  JULY 22, 1911. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — JULY. 

MR.  P.  M.  BARNARD'S  Tunbridge  Wells  Cata- 
logue 44  contains  Old  Scientific  and  Occult 
Books,  including  Medicine,  Mathematics,  Cookery, 
and  Witchcraft.  There  is  the  first  edition  of 
'  Religio  Medici,'  which  was  published  surrep- 
titiously, 1642,  8Z.  8s.  Among  works  treating  of 
witchcraft  are  Cooper's  '  Mystery  of  Witchcraft, 
1617,  31-  3s.  ;  Darrell's  '  Strange  and  grievous 
Vexation  by  the  Devil  of  7  persons  in  Lancashire,' 
1600  4Z.  5s.  ;  and  one  of  the  most  interesting 
•early  books  on  Demonology,  Henricus  Institoris, 
'  Malleus  Maleficarum,'  1494,  morocco,  by  Clarke 
&  Bedford,  4Z.  4s.  The  author  was  one  of  the 
inquisitors  appointed  to  stamp  out  the  heresy 
with  which  the  book  deals.  Cases  of  witchcraft 
of  the  most  extraordinary  character  are  related,  j 
Under  Philadelphian  Society  are  Nos.  I.  and  II., 
for  March  and  April,  1697,  of  Theosophical  \ 
Transactions,  31.  3s.  This  was  the  organ  of  the  I 
•early  sect  of  Theosophists  who  gathered  round 
the  famous  Mrs.  Jane  Lead  and  Francis  Lee. 
Mr  Barnard  says  that  it  is  of  great  rarity,  and 
that  he  cannot  discover  whether  any  further 
numbers  were  published.  There  are  scarce  items 
under  Euclid.  There  is  much  that  is  curious 
-among  the  old  works  on  astrology,  astronomy, 
medicine,  and  cookery  ;  but  in  the  last  there  is 
no  hint  of  cooking  in  bags. 

Mr  Bertram  Dobell's  Catalogue  197  contains 
works  from  the  libraries  of  Sir  Thomas  Phillipps, 
and  the  late  Charles  Butler.  The  Phillipps 
manuscripts  include  the  Herald's  Visitation  of 
London  in  1634  and  the  Commonplace  Book 
of  Thomas  Machell.  The  general  list  includes  the 
second  edition  of  Barclay's  translation  of  '  The 
Ship  of  Fools,'  1570,  10Z.  10s.  ;  the  rare  first 
edition  of  Collins's  '  Odes,'  1747,  51.  5s.  ;  and 
Durfey's  '  Pills  to  Purge  Melancholy,'  6  vols., 
-morocco,  1719,  a  fine  copy,  11.  10s.  A  large  and 
fine  copy  of  Hawkins's  'Voyage  to  the  South 
'Sea  '  1622,  is  12Z.  There  is  also  a  large  copy 
of  the  first  edition  of  Pope's  '  Temple  of  Fame,' 
1715,  51.  5s.  Other  first  editions  include  '  Hum- 
phry Clinker,'  Swinburne's  '  Under  the  Micro- 
scope,' Blake's  '  Songs  of  Innocence,'  and  Kos- 
setti's  '  Italian  Poets.'  There  are  collections  of 
pamphlets  on  various  subjects,  1679-1768  ;  and 
lists  under  Autographs,  Scotland,  and  Shake- 
speare. Under  Ballads  is  a  large  collection  of 
broadsides  and  chapbooks,  with  thousands  of 
curious  woodcuts,  issued  in  sheets,  '  Seven 
Dials  Art  and  Literature,"  17th,  18th,  and  19th 
centuries,  13  vols.,  4to,  half-morocco,  151.  15s. 

Messrs.  James  Fawn  &  Son's  Bristol  Catalogue 
42,  New  Series,  contains  a  good  miscellaneous 
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Gallery  ;  or,  Collection  of  the  Principal  Pictures 
-of  the  Pinacothek,'  upwards  of  200  large  plates, 
-elephant  folio,  half -morocco,  Munich,  1817-36, 
10Z.  10s.  ;  and  Wedmore's  '  Turner  and  Buskin,' 
•2  vols,  folio,  51.  10s.  The  Clarendon  Press 
Chaucer,  edited  by  Skeat,  6  vols.,  original  cloth, 
is  31.  10s.  There  are  first  editions  of  Coleridge. 
A  clean  copy  of  the  Dore  Bible,  2  vols.,  folio,  is 
1Z.  18s.  ;  and  the  edition  of  Junius's  Letters 
published  by  Woodfall,  1812,  3  vols.,  half-calf, 
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Edition  of  his  Life,  Letters,  and  Works,  besides 


the  second  edition  of  '  The  Seven  Lamps.'  Under 
Shakespeare  is  the  Payne  Collier  edition.  Under 
Kelmscott  Press  is  Morris's  '  Guinevere,'  small  4to, 
with  title  up  the  back  in  bold  mediaeval  letters 
(the  only  volume  so  lettered),  1892,  61.  6s.  Works 
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Somerset  is  Collinson's  '  History,'  3  vols.,  4to, 
half-calf,  fine  copy,  Bath,  1791,  SI.  8s. 

Mr.  Alexander  W.  Macphail's  Edinburgh 
Catalogue  108  contains  the  first  Edinburgh 
edition  of  Burns,  new  half  calf,  1787,  31.  3s.  ; 
and  under  Scott  the  first  edition  of  '  Guy  Manner- 
ing,'  with  the  six  bastard  titles  generally  wanting, 
3  vols.,  crushed  levant,  Ballantyne,  1815,  10Z.  10s. 
Under  Charles  I.  are  curious  pamphlets.  Cruik- 
shank  items  include  a  cheap  copy  of  'The 
Universal  Songster.'  There  is  an  old  work  on 
witchcraft  by  John  Webster,  practitioner  in 
physic,  1677,  20s.  Drama  includes  Lady 
Martha's  Life,  Doran's  '  Annals,'  edited  by  Lowe 
and  Boaden's  '  Memoirs  of  John  P.  Kemble.' 
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Time,'  large  folio,  12s.  Qd.  (published  at  51.  5s.). 
There  are  items  under  Glasgow  and  Forfarshire. 
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Charles  Turner,  11.  Is.  ;  and  an  ivory  miniature 
of  Shelley,  4Z.  10s. 

[Notices  of  other  Catalogues  held  over.] 


OUR  readers  will  be  glad  to  learn  that '  Frederick 
James  Furnivall :  a  Volume  of  Personal  Record,' 
is  about  to  be  published  by  Mr.  Frowde.  It 
contains  a  biography  by  Mr.  J.  J.  Munro,  and 
contributions  from  a  host  of  scholars  at  home 
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10  (£0msp0ntonts. 


We  must  call  special  attention   to    the    following 

•notice*  :  — 

Ox  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
ind  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
communications  which,  for  any  reason,  we  do  not 
print,  and  to  this  rule  we  can  make  no  exception. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
>f  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  oi 
lisposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  '  Notes  and  Queries  '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub- 
lishers "  —  at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

H.  J.  ("Thackeray  and  T.  P.  Cooke").— 
Christopher  North  described  Cooke  as  "  the  best 
sailor  out  of  all  sight  and  hearing  that  ever  trod 
the  stage."  His  most  celebrated  part  was  that 
of  William  in  '  Black-eyed  Susan.'  See  his  life 
in  the  '  Dictionary  of  National  Biography.' 


ii  s.  iv.  JULY  29,  i9ii.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


81 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JULY  29,  1911. 


CONTENTS.— No.  83. 

NOTES:  — 'Punch,'  1841-1911,  81— Chaucer's  'Pardoner's 
Tale':  African  Analogue,  82—  Shakespeariana,  83— The 
Royal  Standard— Dr.  Edmond  Halley's  Marriage  -"  Fr." 
in  Marriage  Registers,  85— American  Indian  Place-Names 
— Millinery  in  1911  —  "  Tout  cpmprendre  c'est  tout  par- 
donner" — Proofs  seen  by  Elizabethan  Atithors  —  Arch- 
deacon Plume  and  the  '  D.N.B.,'  86. 

QUERIES:  Thermometer— King  George  V.'s  Ancestors- 
Knights  Hospitallers  in  Kent  'Tweedside,'  Song  and 
Metre,  87— Belgian  Coin  with  Flemish  Inscriptions — 
Cross-legged  Effigies— Authors  Wanted— 'The  Letter,' 
Poem  — Chess  and  Duty,  88— Jo.  Ben.  on  Orkney— 
'  Pickwick ' :  Miss  Bolo— Lady  Elizabeth  Stuart,  Darnley's 
Sister — Board  of  Green  Cloth— John  Napier  of  Merchis- 
ton — Overing  Surname — Grinling  Gibbons — Dumbleton, 
Place  -  Name  —  Deer-leaps  —  Herringman  —  Hicks,  89— 
Emerson  and  Manchester — Saint-Just — Lithography  and 
Sir  J.  W.  Gordon— •  Tumble-Down  Dick  "— 4'  Master  of 
Garra way's  "—Elizabethan  Seal— Seal  with  Crest,  90. 

RR PLIES:  —  Gray's  'Elegy,'  90 -St.  Expeditus— Pitt's 
Buildings:  Wright's  Buildings -Crown  Agents,  92— 
Peter  de  Wint,  93 -"  J'y  suis,  j'y  reste  "—  St.  Swithin's 
Day — 'Alpine  Lyrics'  —  'Lyrics  and  Lays'— Authors 
Wanted-Sheridan's  '  Critic  ' :  T.  Vaughan-D'Urfey  and 
Allan  Ramsay,  94— Touching  a  Corpse — Grimaldi  as  a 
Canary,  95—"  O  for  the  life  of  a  soMier  ! " — "  Agasonic  " — 
"Haywra"— "Souchy  "—  Cuckoo  and  its  Call— Cuckoo 
Rimes,  96  —  Port  Henderson :  Corrie  Bhreachan  — 
"Tertium  Quid  "—Sir  John  Arundel— "  Though  Christ  a 
thousand  times  be  slain" — "Le  Whacok,"  97 — Military 
Executions— St.  Dunstan  and  Tunbridge  Wells— Rev.  T. 
Clarke,  98. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :-'  An  Introduction  to  the  Study  of 
Local  History.' 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 
Notices  to  Correspondents. 


*  PUNCH,'    1841-1911. 

READERS  of  "dear  old  Notes  and  Queries"  will 
join  most  heartily  in  wishing  Punch  many 
happy  returns  of  his  70th  birthday.  Long 
may  our  old  friend  flourish  !  as  he  is  sure  to 
do,  for  has  he  not  the  promise  of  perpetual 
growth  ? 

Looking  back,  one  can  hardly  realize 
the  long  years  that  have  passed  since  Punch 
first  voiced  the  nation  both  in  joy  and  sorrow. 
For  while  there  have  been  a  few  who  have 
considered  that  Punch  should  always  wear 
the  cap  and  bells,  the  world  has  looked  for, 
and  has  found,  the  sympathetic  note.  It 
is  curious  to  remember  that  its  rise  in  popu- 
larity dates  from'  December  16th,  1843, 
on  which  day  H  >od's  *  Song  of  the  Shirt ' 
appeared,  and  the  sale  was  trebled.  This 
was  but  the  beginning  of  its  advocacy  of 
the  cause  of  the  oppressed  throughout  the 
world,  whether  politically  or  socially. 


One  special  feature  should  be  noted,  and 
that  is  the  good  taste  of  its  obituary  records 
of  either  friends  or  those  from  whom  Punch 
has  differed.  In  the  life  of  F.  D.  Maurice 
his  son  writes  : — 

"  Punch  more  than  once  struck  in  vigorously  on 
my  father's  side  of  questions  ;  perhaps  the  most 
beautiful  lines  of  poetry  that  were  writtten  after  his 
death  appeared  in  Punch,  so  that  his  friends  have 
no  cause  to  complain  of  his  treatment  by  the  great 
comic  paper." 

As  an  illustration  of  the  readiness  of  the 
staff  of  Punch  to  find  a  rhyme,    The  Daily 
Chronicle  on  the  20th  inst.  records  the  way 
in  which  Punch  got  over  the  difficulty  as  to 
the  name  of  Ruskin  in  the  painter's  lament: — 
I  paints  and  paints, 
Hears  no  complaints, 

And  sells  afore  I'  m  dry, 
Till  savage  Ruskin, 
Stuck  his  tusk  in, 

And  nobody  'ill  buy. 

"The  'tusk'  had  reason  as  well  as  rhyme,  for 
a  wild  boar  figured  in  Ruskin's  ancestral  coat  of 
arms." 

Punch  has  been  a  household  word  to  me 
from  my  earliest  recollection,  for  my  father 
used  to  look  eagerly  for  his  early  copy,  and 
would  read  it  aloud  from  cover  to  cover  to 
friends  in  his  home  above  The  Athenceum 
office  in  Wellington  Street  each  week, 
frequently  having  to  stop  to  enjoy  a  good 
laugh.  Apart  from  this  enjoyment  of  the 
paper,  my  father  regarded  it  with  special 
interest,  for,  like  The  Athenceum,  it  was  one 
of  the  few  papers  allowed  to  have  a  stamped 
and  unstamped  issue.  These  were  regarded 
as  quasi-newspapers.  Sir  George  Cornewall 
Lewis,  then  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer, 
stated  in  the  House  of  Commons  on  the 
19th  of  March,  1855,  that  hi  the  year  1854, 
425,000  stamped  copies  of  Punch  were 
published,  "and  I  understand,"  continued 
the  Chancellor,  "  that  out  of  a  weekly 
circulation  of  about  40,000  copies,  8,000 
are  published  in  stamped  and  32,000  are 
unstamped."  Amid  laughter,  he  added 
that  he  had  had  an  interview  with  the  mana- 
ger of  the  paper. 

Punch  always  advocated  the  repeal  of  the 
taxes  on  the  press,  and  at  the  time  of  the 
agitation  for  the  repeal  of  the  advertise- 
ment duty,  suggested  that  it  should  be  taken 
off  as  a  memorial  to  the.  Queen  Dowager, 
who  died  at  that  time.  In  the  case  of  the 
paper  duties  it  expressed  the  opinion  that 
"  the  heaviest  paper  weight  "  was  the  duty 
upon  paper,  and  went  dead  against  The 
Times  and  its  movement  to  retain  the  duty. 
It  made  great  fun  of  the  alarm  expressed 
by  The  Times  as  to  the  scarcity  of  materials 


82 


NOTES  AND  Q  UERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  JULY  29, 1911. 


for  the  manufacture  of  paper  on  account  of 
the  duty  on  foreign  rags.  Punch  came  out 
with  a  cartoon  on  the  7th  of  April,  1860, 
'  A  Glimpse  of  the  Future :  a  Probable 
and  Large  Importation  of  Foreign  Rags. '  The 
cartoon  portrays  young  Bomba,  Napo- 
leon III.,  and  the  Pope  coming  to  England 
in  patched  and  ragged  clothes ;  in  the  same 
number  appears  '  The  Song  of  the  Distressed 
Paper-Maker,'  air  "  Billy  Barlow  "  :— 

My  name  is  John  Brown,  making  paper's  my  trade, 
And  by  it  till  now  a  good  living  I've  made  ; 
I've  saved,  too,  a  trifle — ten  thousand  or  so — 
But  'tis  all  U.P.  now  with  the  business,  I  trow. 

Oh  woe  !  raggedy  Oh  ! 
In  rags  soon  each  maker  of  paper  will  go. 

It's  that  blessed  Bill  Gladstone   our  ruin  who'll 

cause, 
With  that  Budget  which  gained  him  such  wondrous 

applause ; 

Says  he  :  "  Off  your  paper  the  duty  I'll  throw. 
Though  you  won't  get  your  rags  free  from  France 

yet,  I  know." 

Oh  woe  !  raggedy  oh  ! 
Say  we  :  "  Then  we're  ruined  ;  to  pot  we  must  go." 

The  Birthday  Number  just  issued  is  well 
worthy  of  the "  commemoration  ;  the  illus- 
trations have  been  skilfully  chosen  from 
past  numbers,  and  the  letterpress  which 
precedes  the  various  periods  is  admirable. 
We  find  policemen  in  their  chimneypot  hats, 
white  ducks,  and  body  coat  ;  the  Chartist 
scare  and  the  special  constables  ;  men  with 
"  Dundreary "  whiskers  ;  ladies  in  bloomer 
costumes  ;  the  hat  and  table-moving  experi- 
ments ;  Paterfamilias  as  a  Volunteer ; 
the  vogue  of  croquet  ;  and  the  introduc- 
tion of  the  sewing  machine,  upon  which 
a  draper  suggests  that  "  there  is  nothing  left 
for  the  ladies  to  do  now  but  to  improve 
their  intellects.''' 

One  of  the  best  likenesses  of  Norman 
Maccoll,  the  late  editor  of  The  Athenaeum, 
appeared  in  Punch  in  an  illustration  of 
literary  characters  in  the  Reading  Room  at 
the  British  Museum  (March  28th,  1885). 

It  is  pleasant  to  note  that  on  the  occasion 
of  the  Punch  Exhibition  Mr.  Bradbury 
sought  the  aid  .of  the  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
to  help  to  make  the  Exhibition  a  success. 

Again,  many  happy  returns  ! 

JOHN  COLLINS  FRANCIS. 


CHAUCER'S  '  PARDONER'S  TALE  '  : 
AFRICAN  ANALOGUE. 

I  DO  not  know  whether  any  one  has  yet 
pointed  out  that  there  exists  a  Swahili 
version  of  the  story  on  which  Chaucer's 
'  Pardoner's  Tale '  is  founded.  This  has 
been  printed  in  '  Kibaraka '  (Universities' 


Mission  Press,  Zanzibar,  2nd  ed.,  1896% 
p.  89)  under  the  title  of  'Chungu*  za 
Thahabu'  ('The  Heaps  of  Gold').  It  is 
evidently  derived  from  a  Muhammsdan 
source.  Mtoro  bin  Mwenyi  Bakari,  Swahili 
Reader  at  the  Hamburg  Colonial  Institute, 
informs  me  that  it  is  contained  in  the  '  Vitabu 
vya  ilmu,'  by  which  Arabic  religious  works 
other  than  the  Koran  are  meant ;  but  I 
have  no  clue  to  the  particular  book  in  which 
it  is  to  be  found.  It  is  in  substance  identical 
with  the  Persian  version  contributed  by 
W.  A.  Clouston  to  the  Chaucer  Society's 
volume  of  '  Originals  and  Analogues  of  some- 
of  the  Canterbury  Tales'  (1888,  p.  423), 
and  agrees  much  more  closely  with  this 
than  with  the  "  First  Arabian  Version  " 
(p.  426).  The  Persian  settlements  on  the 
Swahili  coast  have  left  traces  not  yet  effaced 
by  centuries  of  Arab  occupation,  so  that  it 
is  not  surprising  if  Persian  traditions  have 
been  incorporated  with  Swahili  folk-lore. 
Other  tales,  orally  current  and  now  reduced 
to  writing,  appear  to  have  been  derived, 
directly  or  indirectly,  from  Persia  and 
India,  e.g.,  '  The  Washerman's  Donkey  ' 
in  Steere's  '  Swahili  Tales,'  which  is  in 
substance  the  Sumsumara  Jataka.  The 
numerous  minor  differences  between  the 
Swahili  story  and  Mr.  Clouston 's  may  well 
be  due  to  oral  transmission  ;  moreover,  it 
must  be  remembered  that  the  latter  is  a 
literary  one,  taken  from  a  poem  by  Ferid- 
u'd-Din  '  Attar,  and  possibly  departs  more 
from  the  traditional  basis  than  does  the 
Swahili.  I  append,  as  a  curiosity,  an  English 
rendering  of  the  latter,  which,  as  will  be  seen, 
omits  the  first  and  second  miracles  recorded 
in  the  Persian.  Any  information  as  to  its 
immediate  source  will  be  welcome. 

Jesus  [Isa]  set  out  one  day  to  beg  [mnaja,  ex- 
plained by  Mtoro  as  equivalent  to  ku  omba].  And! 
he  went  on  till  he  met  a  man  on  the  road,  who 
asked  him,  "  Whither  goest  thou  ?  "  And  he 
answered  him,  "  I  go  begging."  And  he  said  to 
him,  "  Let  us  go  together,  thou  and  I."  And: 
Jesus  said,  "  Thou  wilt  not  be  able  to  go  along 
with  me."  And  he  said  to  him,  "  I  shall  be  able." 
[Is  this  a  reminiscence  of  Matt.  xx.  22  ?]  They 
went  on  till  they  came  near  to  a  town,  and  Jesus 
took  out  some  money  and  said  to  that  man, 
"  Go  into  the  town  and  buy  three  loaves,  one  for 
thee  and  one  for  me,  and  one  we  will  put  by  " 
[tutveJce  akiba,  keep  in  reserve].  He  went  and 
bought  the  loaves  and  brought  them  back. 
And  they  ate  there,  each  his  own  [loaf],  and  one 
remained  over.  And  Jesus  said,  "  Carry  this, 
and  when  we  find  some  water  we  will  eat  it." 

And  they  went  on  their  way,  and  next  day 
they  came  to  some  water.  And  Jesus  said  to 


*  Chungu,  with  aspirated  ch,  means  "  a  heap  "  ; 
chimgu,  "  a  pot,"  would  be  more  phonetically 
written  tyungu. 


us.  iv.  JULY 29,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


that  man,  "  Bring  the  bread  that  we  may  eat." 
And  he  answered,  "  That  bread  has  been  stolen." 
Jesus  marvelled  greatly,  but  he  said  in  his  heart, 
"  No  matter"  [haithuru].  He  said,  "  Let  us  go 
our  ways."  And  they  went  on  till  they  were 
tired  ;  and  they  found  a  place  where  there  was 
much  sand  ;  and  he  said,  "  Let  us  rest  here." 
And  they  sat  down,  and  Jesus  gathered  up  the 
sand  and  made  three  heaps,  and  prayed  to  God, 
and  that  sand  was  changed  into  gold.  And  he 
said,  "  Friend,  take  one  heap  of  the  gold,  and 
one  shall  be  mine,  and  one  shall  be  for  him  who 
stole  the  loaf."  And  the  man  said,  "  I  here  am 
the  man  who  stole  the  loaf."  And  Jesus  said  to 
him,  "  Take  it,  and  this  of  mine  also." 

And  Jesus  went  on  his  way,  and  left  the  man 
with  the  gold.  That  man  could  not  go  away 
and  leave  the  gold,  and  he  was  not  able  to  carry 
it,  sc  he  stayed  there  till  there  appeared  three 
men,  riding  on  horses,  and  they  seized  that  man 
and  killed  him.  It  was  on  account  of  that  gold 
that  they  killed  him. 

Those  three  men  said  to  one  of  them  [sic], 
"  Take  some  money,  and  go  to  the  town  and  buy 
some  bread  and  bring  it,  that  we  may  eat."  He 
mounted  his  horse  and  rode  to  the  town,  and 
bought  some  loaves,  and  planned  in  his  heart  to 
buy  some  poison  and  put  it  into  the  loaves  for  his 
companions,  that  they  might  die  and  he  get  their 
[share  of  the]  treasure  and  also  their  horses,  so 
that  he  could  load  them  with  the  gold.  And 
those  two  men  his  companions  also  planned  that, 
when  he  came  back,  they  would  take  the  loaves 
[from  him]  and  then  kill  him,  so  that  they  alone 
should  get  [the  gold]  and  he,  their  companion, 
should  get  nothing. 

That  man  put  poison  into  the  loaves,  and 
returned  to  his  companions.  When  he  arrived, 
they  asked  him,  "  Where  are  the  loaves  ?  "  He 
took  them  out  and  gave  them  to  them.  And 
they  took  their  companion  and  killed  him. 
Then  one  of  those  two  said  to  his  fellow,  "  Let 
us  eat  the  bread  and  load  [the  horses  with]  the 
gold  and  go  away."  They  ate  the  bread,  and, 
when  they  had  finished  eating  it,  they  died. 

All  four  men  died  on  account  of  that  sand  which 
Jesus  changed  into  gold,  that  he  might  find  out 
who  had  stolen  the  loaf. 

And  when  Jesus  returned  from  the  place 
whither  he  had  gone,  he  passed  along  the  same 
road.  And  there  were  people  accompanying  him, 
and  when  they  came  to  that  sandy  place,  they 
saw  three  heaps  of  gold  and  four  dead  men. 
Then  those  men  asked,  "  What  is  the  meaning  of 
this  ?  Here  is  gold  and  four  dead  men."  And 
Jesus  set  forth  to  them  the  whole  story,  from  the 
beginning  to  the  end,  and  said,  "  This  is  sand  and 
not  gold,  and  if  ye  wish  that  I  should  make  it 
return  to  sand,  I  will  make  it  return."  And 
they  said,  "  Make  it  return."  And  he  prayed  to 
God,  and  it  was  restored  to  its  original  form,  and 
the  gold  was  sand  [once  more]. 

A.  WERNER. 


SHAKESPEARIANA. 

"  THE       LADY       OF       THE       STRACHY." — In 

'  Twelfth  Night,'  II.  v.  45,  the  First  Folio 
has  :  "  The  Lady  of  the  Strachy  married 
the  yeoman  of  the  wardrobe." 


Some  time  ago  I  formed  an  opinion  that 
strachy  is  a  correct  form,  and  depends  on 
the  O.F.  estrache,  race,  extraction,  lineage. 
But  there  still  remained  the  difficulty  of  the 
capital  S,  and  the  use  of  the  definite  article. 
(The  final  -y  is  like  the  -y  in  duch-y). 

I  now  think  that  both  of  these  are  inten- 
tional, and  reveal  the  sense.  Strache  in 
itself  merely  means  "  lineage,"  bat  the 
double  emphasis  implied  (as  above)  shows- 
that  the  sense  is  special,  and  that  the 
reference  is  to  "  the  (special)  lineage,"  the 
lineage  of  the  lord  of  the  domain,  the  lordly 
race.  The  sense  is  then  exact  and  com- 
plete, viz.,  the  lady  of  the  old  domain,  of;' 
the  ruling  family,  actually  married  the  man 
who  was  no  better  than  a  yeoman  in  the  lord's 
household.  His  title  of  "  yeoman  of  the 
wardrobe  "  shows  that  he  had  a  subordinate 
place  in  his  lord's  household,  and  that  was 
his  chance  ;  the  end  was  that  he  married 
the  greatest  lady  in  the  land,  or  one  oi' 
them. 

No  one  had  much  chance  of  guessing  the^ 
true  sense  till  Godefroy  put  forth  his  '  Old 
French  Dictionary  '  ;  it  is  there  that  we 
find  more  than  a  dozen  examples  of  the 
O.F.  estrace,  estrache,  estrasse,  extrace, 
"  extraction,  race,  origine,  commence- 
ment." From  the  "  Chronicles  of  the  Dukes 
of  Normandy,  4,  Andresen,"  he  cites 
"  S'entremist  de  1'histoire  de  Rou  e  de 
s'estrace,"  i.e.,  has  to  do  with  the  history  of 
Rollo  and  his  lineage.  From  Gaufrey, 
3434,  he  quotes  "  qui  fu  de  male  estrache,'" 
who  wa;S  of  a  bad  family.  1  suppose  the 
Latin  type  is  extractia,  a  variant  of  extractio. 
In  fact,  Ducange  gives  the  form  extracha, 
and  quotes  from  a  Bestiary  (not  that  by 
Philip  de  Thaun)  the  following  : — 

Que  dirons  dou  niticprace, 
D'un  oisel  de  mauvais  estrace  ? 
I.e.,  what  shall  we  say  of  the  nycticorax,, 
a  bird  of  evil  race  ? 

I  explain  strachy  to  mean  "ancestral 
domain,"  or  "family  mansion." 

"  WALTER    W.    SKEAT. 

'2  HENRY  IV.,'  II.  iv.  21:  ULYSSES; 
AND  UTIS. — 

"  By  the  mass,  here  will  be  old  Utis  ;  it  A\ill. 
be  an  excellent  stratagem." 

In  the  '  Life  and  Letters  of  Samuel  Butler,' 
by  his  grandson,  the  author  of  '  Erewhon ' 
(1896),  I  find  Baron  Merian  corresponding 
with  the  great  head  master,  and  saying  that 
Homer  and  Shakespeare  are  the  only  poets. 
The  Baron  was  particular^  taken  with  Dr. 
Butler's  ingenious  explanation  of  "  old' 
Utis/'  which  is  given  from  a  commonplace 


84 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  iv.  JULY  29, 1011. 


t>ook,  dated  1816,  as  follows  in  vol.  ii. 
p.  182:— 

11  '"  Old  Utis  "  signifies  festivity  in  a  high 
degree  '  (Steevens).  '  "  Utis,"  a  merry  festival 
from  the  French  "  huiet,"  "  octo,"  the  octaves  ' 
,(Pope).  I  conceive  Shakespeare  alludes  to  the 
story  of  Utis  in  the  '  Odyssey.'  The  Prince  and 
Poins  are  going  to  disguise  themselves,  and 
impose  on  Falstaff  as  two  waiters  or  drawers. 
Shakespeare,  who  had  heard  probably  of  the  story 
.of  OVTIS  and  Polypheme,  means  to  say  that  they 
will  renew  the  old  story  of  Utis  (as  it  would  be 
written  in  the  translation)  in  their  imposture  on 
Falstaff." 

This  explanation  deserves  mention  for  its 
ingenuity,  but  does  not  appear  to  find 
favour  with  any  of  the  modern  guides — 
.commentators,  word-books,  &c.~ within  my 
reach.  Is  "  Utis  "  in  this  sense  known  else- 
where ? 

Ulysses  figures  twice  in  '  3  Henry  VI.'  : — 

I  '11  play  the  orator  as  well  as  Nestor, 
Deceive  more  slyly  than  Ulysses  could 

(III.  ii.  189) 
and 

as  Ulysses  and  stout  Diomede 
With  sleight  and  manhood  stole  to  Rhesus'  tents. 

(IV.  ii.  19). 

Thero  are  also  numerous  references  to 
him  in  '  Troilus  andCressida.'  One  of  these 
would  probably  have  recalled  to  an  excellent 
classical  scholar  like  Dr.  Butler  Sophocles, 
*  Ajax,'  121,  rj  rovTrirptTrrov  KtWSos  e^ijpov 
p  OLTOV  ;  in  which  Ajax  is  speaking  of  Ulysses. 
Jebb  translates,  "  What,  thou  askest  me  of 
that  accursed  fox." 

Thersites  says  ('T.  and  C.,'  V.  iv.,  first 
•  speech)  "  that  same  dog-fox,  Ulysses,  is 
not  proved  worth  a  blackberry." 

The  word  is  a  natural  one  for  a  cunning 
rogue,  and  does  not,  therefore,  imply 
Shakespeare's  knowledge  of  the  '  Ajax.' 

NEL  MEZZO. 

'  HENRY  V.,'  Act  IV.  CHORUS  : — 

and  through  their  paly  flames 
Each  battle  sees  the  other's  umber' d  face. 
I  possess  '  The  Companion  Shakspere,' 
3  vols.,  1857,  which  belonged  first  to  W. 
Benham,  a  pleasant  writer  recently  dead, 
who  gave  it  up  on  account  of  its  minute  print, 
and  later  to  Joseph  Knight?  who  pasted  in 
it  his  early  book  plate  "  Militavi  non  sine 
gloria,"  with  a  flowing  signature  underneath. 
These  volumes  bear  the  marks  of  close 
study  in  various  notes  and  comments,  and 
1  give  one  of  these  on  the  passage  above  : — 

"  But  Ulyxes 

Of  that  stroke  astoned  not  at  all 
But  on  his  stede  stiffe  as  any  wall. 

With  his  swerde  so  myghtely  gan  race 
Through  the  umber  unto  Troylus  face 
That  he  him  gave  a  large  mortall  wound. 


Lydgate,  '  Chronicle  at  Troy,'  Book  3.  Ch.  22, 
edit.  1555.  Umber  is  here  umbriere,  the  (A.N.) 
beaver  of  a  helmet.  May  not  the  word  '  umbered' 
here  signify  '  shaded,'  derived  from  this  root  ? 

K." 

The  note  is  written  in  so  minute  a  hand 
that  it  is  difficult  to  read  it  even  with  a 
magnifying  glass.  V.  R. 

DICKENS  EMENDATION  IN  *  HAMLET,'  III. 
i. — Dickens  writes  to  Forster  in  1847  ('  Life,' 
vol.  ii.  p.  18,  ed.  1876)  of  a 

"  Shakspearian ....  speculation  of  mine.  What 
do  you  say  to  '  take  arms  against  a  sea  of  troubles' 
having  been  originally  written  '  make  arms,' 
which  is  the  action  of  swimming  ?  It  would  get 
rid  of  a  horrible  grievance  in  the  figure,  and 
make  it  apt  and  plain.  I  think  of  setting  up  a 
claim  to  live  in  The  House  at  Stratford  rent-free, 
on  the  strength  of  this  suggestion." 

On  which  Porster  notes  (ib.,  p.  19)  :  — 

"  To  his  Shakespearian  suggestion  I  replied 
that  it  would  hardly  give  him  the  claim  he 
thought  of  setting  up,  for  that  swimming  through 
your  troubles  would  not  be  '  opposing  '  them." 

I  note,  further,  that  "make  arms"  does 
not  seem  clear  as  a  phrase  for  swimming, 
and  that  the  "  horrible  grievance  "  in  the 
figure  (mixed  metaphors)  had  been  already 
remarked  by  Goldsmith,  whose  heavy  cen- 
sure of  the  whole  passage  from  '  Hamlet ' 
is  notable  in  his  '  Essays,'  No.  XVI.  on 
'  Metaphor.'  Goldsmith  writes  on  this 
special  phrase  :  — 

"  Neither  can  any  figure  be  more  ridiculously 
absurd  than  that  of  a  man  taking  arms  against 
a  sea,  exclusive  of  the  incongruous  medley  of 
slings,  arrows,  and  seas,  justled  within  the  compass 
of  one  reflection." 

Shakespeare  will  survive  all  these  reflections, 
whether  of  critics  or  his  own.  It  may  be 
added,  however,  that  arms  and  arming  in 
his  day  afforded  more  natural  expressions 
than  now.  To  "  take  arms  "  may  mean 
little  more  than-  to  prepare,  as  in  the 

Arm  you,  I  pray  you,  to  this  speedy  voyage 
of  '  Hamlet,'  III.  hi.  24. 

POURQUOI  PAS. 

SHAKESPEARE  AND  "  WARRAY  "  :  SON- 
NET CXLVI. — Every  Shakespearian  scholar, 
every  reader  of  the  Sonnets,  has  at  some 
time  or  other  been  brought  to  bay  by  the 
famous  defective  lines, 

Poor  soul,  the  centre  of  my  sinful  earth 
. . .  .the  rebel  powers  that  thee  array. 

"  Fool'd  by  "  or  "  foil'd  by  "  have  gener- 
ally been  accepted  as  most  serviceable 
guesses  at  tne  missing  clause,  and.  editions 
either  bracket  them  in  the  text,  or  mention 
them  in  a  foot-note. 


u  s.  iv. 


MIL]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


85- 


So  far,  so  good  ;  but  is  there  not  some- 
thing else  the  matter  with  the  passage  ? 
How  can  a  soul  be  arrayed  by  rebel  powers  ? 
Why,  and  in  what,  should  they  array  her  ? 
At  this  late  day,  and  with  infinite  diffidence, 
might  it  be  suggested  that  the  original 
form  was  not  this  tame  "  array  "  at  all,  but 
that  obsolete  verb  of  old  England,  "  warray"  ? 
To  warray  is  to  invade  and  beleaguer : 
it  is  a  soldier's  word.  Spenser  has  it  in 
'The  Faery  Queen'  (Book  I.,  Canto  V., 
stanza  48)  :  Gpea<.  Nimpod  w&^ 

That  first  the  world  with  sword  and  fire  warrayed. 
It  is  used  by  other  contemporaries,  notably, 
a-nd  in  almost  the  selfsame  manner,  by  the 
author  of  '  Selimus  '  : — 

warlike  Bel  us'  son 

The  earth  with  unknown  armour  did  warray. 
That  a  soul  can  be  fooled,  or  foiled,  or  hurt, 
or  pierced,  or  maimed  by  rebel  powers 
warraying  her,  is  eminently  intelligible, 
and  is  built  on  a  magnificent  metaphor. 
The  very  sound  of  "  warray  "  would,  recom- 
mend it  to  Shakespeare's  sense  of  beauty  and 
fitness.  "  Array "  may  even  be  in  this 
instance,  what  it  seems  orthographically, 
beside  "  warray,"  a  printer's  fault. 

One  must  tread  with  caution  in  this  sad 
wreck-strewn  path  of  the  commentators, 
and  no  stress  is  laid  upon  the  second  sugges- 
tion that  "  centre  "  itself  may  be  an  error, 
and  that  the  original  manuscript  read 
instead  "  eentrie,"  There  is,  no  doubt, 
something  to  be  said  for  the  conception  of 
a  "  sentry  "  soul  on  guard  over  the  body's 
"  sinful  earth,"  and  there  at  its  post 
becoming  the  target  for  the  dark  super- 
natural foes  encamped  about,  the  "  rebel 
powers."  But  without  all  this,  with  just 
the  simple  old-fashioned  "  centre  "  of  long 
acquaintance,  the  figure  is  military  enough. 
"  Rebel  powers  "  by  no  means  demand  or 
imply  a  "  sentry,"  yet  they  do  demand  or 
imply  some  word  which  has  to  do  with  the 
idea  of  battle  and  strife. 

Falmouth.  L'  L  ^UINEY. 

'  TITUS  ANDRONICUS,'  V.  i.  99-102  (11  S.  i. 
324,  504;  ii.  163). —In  support  of  MB. 
RUSSELL'S  explanation,  at  the  last  reference, 
of  the  line 

As  true  a  dog  as  ever  fought  at  head, 
it  should  be  noted  that  this  sporting  phrase 
of  the  Paris  Garden  in   Southwark     occurs 
in  Ben  Jonson's  '  The  Silent  Woman,'  IV.  i.  : 

Truewit.  You  fought  high  and  fair,  Sir  John. 

Clerimont.  At  the  head. 

Dauphine.  Like  an  excellent  bear-dog. 

TOM  JONES. 


THE  ROYAL  STANDARD. — Now  that  the1 
use  of  the  Royal  Standard  (as  we  used  to 
call  it,  though  I  suppose  it  is  not  right  to 
do  so)  is  definitely  forbidden  for  purposes 
of  decoration,  it  is  desirable  to  ascertain 
whether  the  separate  quarters  may  be  used 
for  such  purposes,  or  not.  During  the  Coro- 
nation rejoicings  I  saw  several  instances  of 
the  Scottish  lion  and  tressure  and  of  the; 
Irish  harp  being  used.  DIEGO.- 

DR.  EDMOND  HALLE Y'S  MARRIAGE. — Ther 
marriage  of  this  celebrated  astronomer 
with  Mary  Tooke,  daughter  of  Christopher 
Tooke  (Auditor  of  the  Exchequer)  and  Mary 
Kinder  his  wife,  is  thus  recorded  in  the 
parish  register  of  St.  James's,  Duke's  Place, 
without  Aldgate,  in  the  City  of  London, 
a  parish  now  united  with  that  of  St.  Katha- 
rine Cree  Church  : — 


20th 


Aprill  1682 


Edmond    Hailey    Br :    Mary    Tuke    Spr :    Thomas 

Crosse  ffr. 

An  explanation  of  the  contraction  "  ffr.'* 
in  this  entry  is  furnished  below. 

DANIEL  HIPWELL, 

"  FR."  IN  MARRIAGE  REGISTERS  :  ST, 
JAMES'S,  DUKE'S  PLACE,  ALDGATE. — The 
registers  of  St.  James's,  Duke's  Place,  and 
Trinity,  Minories,  "  lawless  "  churches  which 
claimed  exemption  from  the  visitation  of  the 
Ordinary,  and  made  it  a  pretext  for  marry- 
ing without  licence  or  publication  of  banns, 
furnish  records  of  thousands  of  marriages 
of  persons  wholly  unconnected  with  those 
parishes. 

"  In  and  after  March,  1678/9,  for  about  20  years, 
a  third  name  (being  always  that  of  a,  man),  followed 
in  almost  every  case  by  the  word  '  Fr.,'  occurs 
after  that  of  the  bride  "  " 

in   the   marriage   registers   of   St.    James's, 
Duke's  Place. 

"  This  third  name  in  a  marriage  register  is  very 
unusual,  and  possibly  even  unique.  In  a  genea- 
logical point  of  view  it  may,  in  many  cases,  be  ot 
importance  as  indicating  a  relative.'  —  'London 
Parish  Registers  :  Vol.  L,  Marriages  atbt.  James  s, 
Duke's  Place,5  edited  by  W.  P.  W.  Phillimore  and 
G.  E.  Cokayne,  1900,  Preface,  p.  vi. 

The  word  "  Fr."  following  the  third  name 
in  the  entries  signifies  father  or  friend,  i.e.,. 
the  person  giving  away  the  bride  in  marriage 
in  obedience  to  the  rubric  in  the  Marriage- 
Service  which  requires  the  minister  to  receive 
"  the  woman  at  her  father's  or  friend's 
hands."  DANIEL  HIPWELL. 


86 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       01  s.  iv.  JULY  29, 1911. 


AMEEICAN  INDIAN  PLACE  -  NAMES  : 
HOBOKEN:  OREGON. — There  is  a  strong- dis- 
position in  America  to  derive  local  names 
from  primitive  Indian  sources  ;  but  this 
patriotic  desire  appears  in  some  instances 
to  have  been  carried  much  too  far.  Thus 
in  H.  Garnett's  '  Origin  of  Certain  Place- 
Names  in  the  United  States  '  it  is  gravely 
asserted  that  the  town  of  Hoboken,  across 
the  Hudson  from  New  York,  got  its  name 
from  the  Indian  hopocan,  a  tobacco  pipe, 
hence  "  pipe-country."  Any  one  acquainted 
with  Antwerp,  however,  will  know  that  there 
is  a  suburb  to  the  south-west  of  that  city 
called  Hoboken  (see  Baedeker's  '  Holland 
and  Belgium,'  s.v.),  after  which,  far  more 
probably,  the  New  Jersey  township  was 
named — if  Prof.  Bense  is  not  right  in  infor- 
ming me  that  the  title  may  have  belonged 
to  some  Dutch  or  Flemish  family  that  emi- 

f  rated  to  the  States,  this  patronymic  being 
airly  common  in  the  Netherlands.  If 
the  locality  in  question  was  originally  known 
as  "  the  pipe  country,"  hopocan  may  likely 
enough  have  suggested  the  Dutch  name 
Hoboken,  but  nothing  more. 

So,  too,  in  regard  to  Oregon,  the  root  or 
foundation  of  which  name  is  no  doubt  to 
be  traced  to  the  Indian  forms  wauregan  and 
ourighen,  meaning  "  river  of  the  West " 
(see  10  S.  xii.  358)  ;  but  the  ultimate  shape 
which  the  word  assumed  "was  occasioned 
by  the  Spaniards,  who  first  settled  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  the  Columbia  River, 
noticing  the  natives  of  the  place  to  be  large- 
eared,  and  naming  it  in  consequence 
"Orejon,"  i.e.,  big-eared,  and  the  people 
*'  Orejons."  Regard  should  be  paid  at  the 
same  time  to  the  Spanish  word's  close  pho- 
netic resemblance  to  the  Indian  ivauregan. 
Then,  again,  it  should  be  remembered  that 
this  appellation  was  not  invented  on  the  spot 
for  the  first  time,  as  the  following  extract 
from  '  The  Century  Dictionary,'  vol.  '  Proper 
Names,'  will  testify  : — 

"  Orejones.—A  name  given  by  the  Spaniards  in 
America  to  various  Indians  who  distended  the  lobes 
£»i  the  ears  by  means  of  metal  or  wooden  discs." 

As  a  generic  term,  it  in  fact  embraced  the 
royal  Incas  of  Peru,  a  tribe  of  Paraguay 
savages  belonging  to  Brazil,  Colombia,  and 
Ecuador,  besides  an  extinct  tribe  of  Coahuila, 
Mexico  ;  so  that  it  was  obviously  a  word  in 
current  use  among  the  Spaniards,  as  appli- 
cable to  certain  classes  of  the  aborigines, 
long  before  their  advent  on  the  Columbia 
River,  which  region,  however,  eventually 
.appropriated  the  hybrid  Indo -Spanish  term 
as  its  distinguishing  designation. 

N.  W.  HILL. 


MILLINERY  IN  1911. — It  might  astonish 
our  grandmothers  if  they  knew  that,  in  the 

Eleasant  month  of  June,  a  Paris  and  London 
at -and  bonnet-maker  issued  invitations, 
to  possible  patrons,  for  receptions,  at  which 
models  of  race-going  headgear  were  ex- 
hibited, and  the  regalement  of  tea  and  music 
was  promised.  I  am  quite  sure  it  would 
stir  our  grandfathers  to  learn  that  the 
most  expensive  hat  in  the  world,  specially 
designed  for  a  customer,  was  to  be  on  view  : 
"it  is  interesting  to  note,"  as  the  artist 
remarks,  "  that  the  price  of  this  hat  is  two 
hundred  guineas."  ST.  S  WITHIN. 

"  TOUT      COMPRENDRE      C'EST     TOUT     PAR- 

DONNER  "  is  not  mentioned  in  King's 
'  Classical  and  Foreign  Quotations,'  but 
ought  to  be  added  in  a  future  edition.  In 
the  latest  edition  of  Btichmann,  Madame  de 
StaeTs  "  Tout  comprendre  rend  tres  in- 
dulgent "  in  '  Corinne '  is  suggested  as  the 
probable  source,  but  no  author  of  the  saying 
in  its  present  form  can  be  adduced. 

G.  KRUEGER. 

Berlin . 

[The  proverb  was  not  in  the  1887  edition  of  Mr. 
King's  work,  but  is  included  in  that  of  1904,  No. 
1955.  The  reference  to  '  Corinne '  is  also  supplied.  ] 

PROOFS  SEEN  BY  ELIZABETHAN  AUTHORS. 
(See  7  S.  vii.  304  ;  viii.  73,  253  ;  ix.  431  ; 
x.  30,  316  ;  xi.  332,  498.)— The  following 
instance,  dated  "  the  4  of  lune,  1616," 
occurs  in  the  epilogue  of  Godfrey  Good- 
man's '  Fall  of  Man  '  : — 

"  Good  Reader,  I  must  heere  let  thee  understand 
that  the  copie  was  not  of  mine  owne  writing,  whereby 
many  things  were  defac't  and  omitted  :  and  living 
not  in  towne,  I  could  not  be  alwaies  present  at  the 
Presse,  so  that  I  confesse  many  faults  haue  escaped  ; 
especially  in  the  first  sheetes,  being  begun  in  my 
absence,  points  displaced,  words  mistaken,  peeces 
of  sentences  omitted,  which  doe  much  obscure  the 
sense." 

This  was  just  six  weeks  after  Shak- 
speare's  death.  RICHARD  H.  THORNTON. 

36,  Upper  Bedford  Place,  W.C. 

ARCHDEACON  PLUME  AND  THE  '  DIC- 
TIONARY or  NATIONAL  BIOGRAPHY.' — It 
is  difficult  to  understand  why  the  account 
of  the  founder  of  the  Plumian  Professorship 
of  Astronomy  at  Cambridge  should  have  been 
left  to  the  Supplement  of  the  *  Dictionary  '  ; 
but  there  is  a  mistake  in  it  which  it  may  be 
well  to  point  out.  After  stating  that  he 
was  baptized  at  Maldon,  Essex,  on  the 
18th  of  August,  1630,  it  is  added  that  by 
his  will  he  bequeathed  Communion  plate  to 
All  Saints'  Church  "  in  thankfullness  for 
my  Baptism  there  Aug.  the  7th,  1630."  It 
then  tries  to  account  for  the  discrepancy 


ii s. iv. JULY 29, ion.]-       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


87 


by  saying  :  "  Plume  was  doubtless  using 
the  new  style,  which  was  eleven  days  behind 
the  new  "  (sic,  also  in  reissue).  No  doubt 
he  used  the  old  style,  then  universal  in 
England,  and  it  is  very  unlikely  the  register 
is  otherwise,  so  that  the  mistake  must  be 
of  another  kind.  The  difference  between 
the  styles  would  be  not  eleven,  but  ten  days 
in  the  seventeenth  century  ;  and  7  August  by 
old  style  would  be  17  August  by  new.  In 
Morant's  history  of  Essex  the  date  is  given 
correctly  as  7  August,  1630. 

W.    T.    LYNN. 
Blackheath. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


THEBMOMETEB. — I  shall  be  glad  of  help 
in  fixing  the  first  appearance  of  this  word  in 
English,  French,  Italian,  or  modern  Latin. 
Our  first  English  instance  at  present  is 
from  Sir  Thomas  Browne,  '  Vulgar  Errors,' 
1646,  p.  227  ;  but  it  ought  to  occur  earlier. 
The  earliest  French  example  in  Hatzfeld- 
Darmesteter  is  of  1667,  which  one  would 
say  cannot  be  the  first.  The  instrument  is 
variously  said  to  have  been  invented  by 
Cornelius  Drebbel  of  Alkmaar,  by  Galilei, 
and  by  Santorio  of  Padua  in  1600. 
Drebbel  is  said  to  claim  it  for  himself  in  his 
*  Commentaries  on  Avicenna,'  1626.  The 
name  may  therefore  have  been  given  in 
mod.  Latin  or  in  Italian.  Florio's  Italian 
Dictionary  of  1611  has  no  termometro.  In 
the  case  of  telescope,  the  Latinized  telesco- 
pium  occurs  as  early  as  It.  telescopic,  and 
it  may  have  been  the  same  with  thermome- 
trum,  especially  if  Drebbel's  claim  holds 
good.  A  search  through  the  new  edition 
of  the  works  of  Galilei  ('Galilei  Opere,' 
1901)  ought  to  show  whether  the  instrument 
is  mentioned  there.  Help  in  any  of  these 
directions  will  be  thankfully  received. 

J.  A.  H.  MUBBAY. 
Oxford. 

KING  GEOBGE  V.'s  ANCESTOBS. — Who 
were  the  parents  and  grandparents  of  (1) 
Ernest  I.,  Duke  of  Saxe-Coburg-Gotha,  and 
{2)  Louisa  his  wife  (the  parents  of  Prince 
Albert,  King  George's  grandfather)  ? 

Who  were  the  parents  and  grandparents 
of  (3)  Duke  Wilhelm  of  Schleswig-Holstein- 
Sonderburg  -  Gliicksburg  and  (4)  his  wife, 


Princess  Louise  of  Hesse-Cassel  (the  paternal 
grandparents  of  Queen  Alexandra)  ? 

Who  were  the  parents  and  grandparents 
of  (5)  Landgrave  Wilhelm  of  Hesse-Cassel 
and  (6)  his  wife  (the  maternal  grandparents 
of  Queen  Alexandra)  ? 

The  forbears  of  Queen  Victoria  are  named 
atllS.iii.  438,  471;  iv.  12. 

F.  A.  EDWABDS. 

KNIGHTS  HOSPITALLEBS  IN  KENT  :  CLAY- 
PANS. — Is  the  house  of  the  Knights  Hos- 
pitallers of  St.  John  in  Kent,  sometime  called 
Claypans,  and  earlier  Turk's  House  and 
Monk's  Place,  still  in  existence  ?  There 
are  various  allusions  in  print  to  it  as  being 
in  Wrotham,  but  that  parish  was  formerly 
larger  than  at  present,  and  there  is  no  house 
in  present-day  Wrotham  which  seems  to 
answer  to  Claypans.  C.  F.  YONGE. 

Bishop's  Lodge,  Wrotham. 

'  TWEEDSIDE,'      SONG     AND      METBE. In 

Allan  Ramsay's  'Gentle  Shepherd'  (1725) 
there  occurs  a  song  which  is  stated  to  be 
to  the  "  tune  "  of  '  Tweedside,'  and  which 
begins  : — 

When  hope  was  quite  sunk  in  despair, 
My  heart  it  was  going  to  break. 
Ramsay's  '  Poems,'  Paisley,  1877,  ii.  113. 

This  three-foot  anapaestic  metre  was  rather 
popular  in  the  eighteenth  century,  being 
used  by,  among  others,  Howe,  Shenstone, 
Byrom,  and  Cowper.  Perhaps  the  example 
best  known  to-day  is  Cowper's  poem  on 
Alexander  Selkirk  : — 

I  am  monarch  of  all  I  survey  ; 
My  right  there  is  none  to  dispute. 

In  Irish  also  the  metre  (with  the  usual 
Irish  employment  of  assonance  instead  of 
rime)  was  somewhat  of  a  favourite  in  the 
ighteenth  century.  I  could  mention  at 
least  ten  Irish  songs  written  in  this  metre, 
hardly  any  of  them,  however,  composed 
before  1735  or  1740.  Among  them  is  a 
song,  in  Irish  and  in  English,  written  about 
the  latter  date  by  a  co.  Cork  poet,  Eoghan 
an  Mheirin)  Mac  Cartha,  in  praise  of  the 
river  Lee.  The  first  stanza  of  the  English 
version  may  be  worth  quoting  here,  inas- 
much as  it  makes  reference  to  an  Anglo- 
Scotch  song  (or  songs)  in  praise  of  the 
Tweed  :— 

Ye  bright  Caledonians  that  write 
And  sing  of  the  Tweed  in  your  lays, 
My  theme  should  your  fancies  excite, 
The  Lee  should  engross  all  your  praise  ; 
Whose  crystal  meanders  are  graced 
With  all  that  kind  Nature  bestows 
The  soul  and  the  senses  to  feast, 
Where  Nature  and  Bounty  o'erflows. 

Royal  Irish  Academy,  MS.  23  C.  33,  p.  290. 


88 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  JULY  29, 1911. 


Occasionally,  too,  one  or  other  of  the  Irish 
songs  is  given  in  the  MSS.  as  "  to  the  air  of 
*  The  Tweed.'  '  All  the  evidence  (into 
which  I  need  not  further  enter  here)  goes 
to  show  that  this  three- foot  anapaestic  metre 
was  brought  into  Irish  from  English,  its 
introduction  in  the  first  instance  being  due, 
apparently,  to  the  popularity  of  some  Anglo- 
Scotch  song  in  praise  of  the  Tweed.  There 
is  furthermore  a  strong  presumption  that 
the  air  to  which  such  Irish  songs  are  still 
sung,  and  of  which  some  half  a  dozen  settings 
have  been  published,  was  similarly  imported. 
The  Scotch  Gaels  appear  to  have  borrowed 
the  metre  in  the  same  manner.  Thus 
Alexander  MacDonald  (flor.  1725-50)  wrote 
in  this  metre  a  song  on  winter  ( '  Oran  a' 
Gheamhraidh'),  which  in  the  printed  collec- 
tion of  his  poems  is  given  as  to  the  air  of 
'  Tweedside  '  ('  Eiseirigh  na  Seann  Chanain 
Albannaich,'  1874,  p.  24). 

^  I  should  be  glad  to  get  further  informa- 
tion as  to  the  words  and  the  music  of  this 
old  song  called  '  Tweedside.'  I  should  also 
be  glad  to  knoM*  whether,  apart  from  the 
four- line  stanzas  of  Tusser  (cf.  Guest, 
'  History  of  English  Rhythms,'  1882,  p.  538), 
and  the  doubtful  instance  in  Harl.  MS.  2253 
mentioned  by  Prof.  Saintsbury  ('  History  of 
English  Prosody,'  ii.  114),  there  exists  any 
example  in  English  of  this  '  Tweedside'' 
metre  earlier  than  1700. 

THOMAS  F.  O'RAHILLY. 
66,  Botanic  Road,  Dublin. 

BELGIAN  COIN  WITH  FLEMISH  INSCRIP- 
TIONS.— I  possess  a  Belgian  two-franc  piece 
having  on  the  obverse  the  head  of  Leopold  II. 
with  the  inscription  "  Leopold  II.  Koning 
der  Belgen,"  on  the  reverse,  within  a  wreath 
of  (?)  ivy  and  oak  leaves,  "  2  frank  1904." 
These  inscriptions  are,  I  suppose,  the  Flemish 
for  the  usual  French  inscriptions.  Under 
the  head  is  the  name  of  the  engraver, 
"Th.  Vingotte."  The  motto  "  L'Union 
fait  la  force  ' '  and  the  royal  arms  are  omitted. 

I  do  not  suggest  that  the  coin  is  very  rare. 
It  came  to  me  in  the  ordinary  way,  among 
small  change  in  France,  this  year. 

What  was  the  occasion  of  the  issue  of 
such  coins  ?  Were  any  similar  ones  minted 
under  Leopold  I.  ?  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

CROSS-LEGGED  EFFIGIES.— Who  was  it 
who  first  assailed  the  theory  that  these 
appertained  to  Crusaders,  and  when,  and 
where,  did  he  record  his  arguments  ?  Not 
yet  has  his  teaching  reached  all  those  who 
profess  and  call  themselves  archaeologists 
although  as  far  back  as  1868  there  were 


interesting  papers  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  (4  S.  ii.  392, 
446,  535,  588)  discrediting  the  long-cherished 
belief,  which  MR.  GEORGE  VERB  IRVING 
referred  to  in  1865  (3  S.  viii.  312)  as  being 
erroneous.  In  1894  MR.  J.  LATIMER  (8  S.  v. 
167)  wrote  :— 

"  For  the  last  forty  years,  to  say  the  least,  no  one 
claiming  to  possess  even  an  inkling  of  antiquarian 
knowledge  has  believed  in  the  old  fancy  that  a 
cross-legged  effigy  in  a  church  denotes  the  burial- 
place  of  a  Crusader." 

My  experience  of  life  shows  me  that  ignorance- 
on  such  a  point  may  co-exist  with  much 
information  on  other  archaic  questions, 
in  one  and  the  same  cranium.  It  would 
be  interesting  to  know  who  started  the- 
Crusader  romance,  as  well  as  who  first 
attempted  its  destruction. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — 

1.  In  smoke  thou'rt  wisdom,  and  in  snuff  thon 'rt 

wit. 

2.  Multi   ad  sapientiam  pervenire  potuissent,  nisi 

se  jam  pervenisse  putassent. 

3.  We  all  in  one  pinnace  are  rowing, 

The  haven  we  seek  is  the  grave  ; 
The  Stygian  waters  are  flowing 
Alike  for  the  monarch  and  slave. 

R.   L.   MORETON. 

Quoniam  non  cognovi  litteraturam  introibo  in 
potentias  Domini. 

LAWRENCE  PHILLIPS. 
Theological  College,  Lichfield. 

'  THE  LETTER,'  POEM. — I  shall  be  obliged 
for  information  regarding  the  name  of  the 
author  of  the  poem  of  which  I  append  some 
lines,  and  the  name  of  the  volume  in  which 
the  poem  is  included.  I  believe  the  poem 
wras  reviewed  in  the  latter  part  of  1901. 

The  Letter. 

They  lit  the  fire,  and  fairies  came 
To  dance  in  flying  cloaks  of  flame. 
They  drew  the  curtains,  and  the  day 
Entered  the  room  divine  and  gay  ; 
Still  in  her  rainbow  dawn  disguise, 
With  robe  of  rose  and  amethyst, 
And  silver  hood  of  morning  mist 
Drawn  down  to  hide  her  golden  eyes. 

WILLIAM  H.  DAVIES. 

CHESS  AND  DUTY. — Who  made  the  fol- 
lowing comparison  ? 

"In  a  dilemma  such  as  this,  take  a  chess-table, 
and  make  your  moves  thus  :  King — my  duty  ;  queen 
—  my  passion  ;  bishop  —  my  social  obligations ; 
knight — my  what-you-will  and  my  round-the-eorner- 
wishes.  Then,  if  you  find  that  queen  may  be  grati- 
fied without  endangering  king  and  so  forth,  why, 
you  may  follow  your  inclinations  ;  and  if  not — not." 

J.  B.  B.  J.  L. 

West  Ealing. 


us. iv. JULY 29, ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


89 


Jo.  BEN.  ON  ORKNEY. — Jo.  Ben.'s  'De- 
scriptio '  of  Orkney  (Macfarlane's  '  Geo- 
graphical Collections  relating  to  Scotland,' 
vol.  in.,  Scot.  Hist.  Soc.)  purports  to  have 
been  written  in  1529,  but  internal  evidence 
proves  that  it  cannot  have  been  written 
before  1582  (Antiquary,  vol.  vii.  p.  200). 
I  have  been  told  that  there  is  a  rime  in  which 
"  Ben  Jonson,  Jo.  Ben,"  occurs,  but  have 
been  unable  to  get  further  information. 
Ben  Jonson  when  at  Hawthornden  may 
have  seen  Mr.  William  Fowler's  MSS.,  and 
may  have  thus  got  material  on  which  he 
might  have  written  the  '  Descriptio  '  as  a  skit 
on  Orkney.  Fowler,  William  Drummond's 
uncle,  had  been  an  exile  in  Orkney,  and 
his  MSS.  have  been  preserved  in  the  Haw- 
thornden Collection.  The  original  MS.  of 
the  '  Descriptio  '  does  not  exist,  but  there 
are  several  transcripts.  The  dates  are  all 
wrong,  and  some  names  are  unrecognizably 
corrupt  ;  while  the  folk-lore  is  absurdly 
exaggerated,  and  certainly  in  some  cases 
reads  better  in  the  original  Latin  than  in 
the  English  translation". 

A.  W.   JOHNSTON. 
29,  Ashburnham  Mansions,  Chelsea. 

'  PICKWICK  '  :  Miss  BOLO. — Can  any  of 
your  readers  inform  me  what  Greek  figure 
of  speech  is  represented  by  the  following 
sentence  in  *  Pickwick  '  ?  "  Miss  Bolo  went 
straight  home  in  a  flood  of  tears  and  a  sedan 
chair."  ALFRED  GWYTHER. 

[Syllepsis.  The  passage  above  is  quoted  under 
that  heading  in  *  The  Concise  Oxford  Dictionary.'] 

LADY  ELIZABETH  STUART,  DARNLEY'S 
SISTER. — I  should  be  glad  of  any  information 
as  to  the  marriage  of  a  .sister  of  Henry, 
Lord  Darnley — Lady  Elizabeth  Stuart.  I 
believe  she  married  a  Mure  of  Rowallan. 

Burke's  'Extinct  Peerage'  (1846)  states 
that  the  Earl  of  Lennox  and  Lady  Mar- 
garet Douglas  had  four  sons  and  four 
daughters,  all  of  wjiom  died  young  except 
two  sons  ;  but  Burke's  '  Extinct  Baronet- 
cies '  states,  under  '  Cairnes,'  that  Sir 
Alexander  Cairnes  was  descended  maternally 
from  a  sister  of  Lord  Darnley. 

NEWTON  SPICER. 
Marnhull,  Anerley  Hill,  Upper  Norwood,  S.E. 

BOARD  OF  GREEN  CLOTH. — Is  there  any 
account  published  concerning  the  history 
and  officials  of  the  Royal  Household  in  the 
eighteenth  century,  especially  of  the  Board 
of  Green  Cloth  ? 

MARY  TERESA  FORTESCUE. 

Sprydoncote,  Exeter. 


JOHN  NAPIER  OF  MERCHISTON,  INVEN- 
TOR OF  LOGARITHMS. — Can  any  reader  give 
me  the  names  of  the  parents  of  the  above 
John  Napier  (1550-1617),  and  his  relation- 
ship, if  any,  to  the  first  Scottish  Baron 
Napier  (of  Merchiston),  created  in  1627  ? 
E.  HAVILAND  HILLMAN,  F.S.G. 

q/o  Anglo-South  American  Bank, 
Old  Broad  Street,  B.C. 

[John  Napier  was  the  eldest  son  ofc  Sir  Archibald 
Napier  by  his  first  wife,  Janet  Bothwell.  John's 
son  Archibald  was  created  Baron  Napier  of  Mer- 
chiston in  1627.  See  the  lives  of  both  in  the 
'  D.  N.  B,'] 

OVERING  SURNAME. — I  have  often  noticed 
how  rarely  the  name  Overing  occurs  in  any 
local    or    professional    directories.     I    have 
come   across   only   two   or   three  instances. 
I  should  be  glad  of  any  references  to  the 
name.     Such  can  be  forwarded  direct  to 
W.  CLARK  THOMLINSON. 
Low  Fell,  Gateshead. 

GRINLING  GIBBONS. — Will  any  reader 
oblige  me  with  titles  of  books  dealing  with 
the  life  and  work  of  Grinling  Gibbons  ? 

Any  suggestions  where  contemporary 
mention  of  this  artist  may  be  found  will 
be  greatly  appreciated.  Evelyn's  Diary, 
Walpole,  and  '  The  Encyclopaedia  Britannica ' 
have  been  consulted.  AITCHO. 

DUMBLETON,      PLACE-NAME. 1      shall     be 

greatly  obliged  if  any  of  your  readers  can 
throw  light  on  the  origin  of  the  name 
Dumbleton,  a  village  in  Gloucestershire. 

R.    HOLMES. 

DEER-LEAPS. — Will  some  of  your  readers 
be  good  enough  to  give  me  references  for 
information  on  the  subject  of  "  deer-leaps  "  ? 
I  have  some,  but  I  am  desirous  of  extending 
what  I  have.  F.  B.  FAIRBANK. 

Caversham. 

HERRINGMAN. — James  Herringman  was 
admitted  to  Westminster  School  in  January, 
1725/6,  aged  10,  and  John  Herringman  in 
January,  1728/9,  aged  7.  I  should  be  glad 
of  any  information  about  them. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

HICKS. — Henry  and  Robert  Hicks  were 
admitted  to  Westminster  School  in  January, 
1718/19,  aged  1.4  and  7  respectively;  and 
Michael  Hicks  in  July,  1735,  aged  15.  Par- 
ticulars of  their  parentage  and  careers  are 
desired.  Gr.  F.  R.  B. 

DANIEL  HORRY  was  admitted  to  West- 
minster School  10  September,  1781.  Can 
any  correspondent  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  give  me 
information  about  him  ?  G.  F.  R.  B. 


90 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  JULY  29,  ion. 


-  EMERSON  AND  MANCHESTER. — In  1847 
Emerson  visited  England  to  lecture  in 
Manchester  and  the  district,  where  he  was 
most  cordially  received  and  entertained. 
Can  references  be  given  to  local  prints  con- 
cerning this  visit  ?  Any  information  will 
be  gratefully  received  by 

M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR, 
Percy  House,  South  Hackney. 

SAINT- JUST. — Is  there  any  English  life 
of  Saint-Just,  the  colleague  of  Robespierre 
in  the  French  Revolution  ?  M.  Hamel  has, 
I  think,  written  a  life  of  both  these  Jacobin 
leaders  ;  but  I  do  not  know  if  either  of 
the  works  has  been  published  in  English. 

H.  A.  B. 

Brighton. 

LITHOGRAPHY  AND  SIR  J.  WILLOUGHBY 
GORDON. — According  to  Willis's  Current 
Notes  (January,  1851,  p.  7),  the  name 
of  this  once  famous  officer  (the  builder  of 
Gordon  House  at  Chelsea  Hospital),  was 
"  intimately  connected  with  the  history 
of  lithography  in  this  country."  Where 
can  I  find  an  account  of  this  connexion  ? 

J.     M.     BULLOCH. 

118,  Pall  Mall,  S.W. 

"TUMBLE-DOWN  DICK." — Is  there  any 
example  of  the  use  of  this  sign  in  recent 
years  ?  Larwood  and  Hotten  (3rd  ed., 
1868)  describe  signs  at  Hedenham  and 
Woodton,  where  in  each  instance  a  drunken 
man  is  represented,  and  the  original  sig- 
nificance of  the  sign  lost  sight  of.  At 
Alton,  Barnaby  is  shown  as  "  Tumble- 
Down  Dick."  "  Ephraim  Hardcastle  "  in 
'The  Twenty-Ninth  of  May'  (i.  81)  says 
it  was  then  (1825)  a  sign  of  a  public-house 
on  the  Surrey  side  of  London  Bridge, 
entering  the  Borough.  Are  we  to  assume 
that  the  allusion  to  Richard  Cromwell  was 
forgotten  within  a  few  decades  of  his  abdi- 
cation ?  ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

"  MASTER  OF  GARRA WAY'S."  —  Thomas 
Benson,  who  died  on  30  April,  1824,  aged 
44,  and  was  buried  in  St.  Peter's  Church- 
yard, St.  Albans,  is  described  on  the  head- 
stone as  "  Master  of  Garraway's."  What  was 


this  post  ? 


W.  B.  GERISH. 


ELIZABETHAN  SEAL.— I  should  be  glad 
to  have  an  explanation  of  the  following 
armorial  device,  occurring  on  a  seal  attached 
to  a  fragment  of  a  document  34  Elizabeth. 

Between  two  posts,  each  surmounted  by 
a  cross,  is  a  raised  portcullis,  and  imme- 
diately beneath  the  lattice  is  an  erect  demi- 


lion  on  a  wreath,  facing  to  the  left,  with 
tongue  protruding,  and  holding  a  battle- 
axe.  To  the  left  of  the  left  gatepost  is  the 
letter  R  ;  to  the  right  is  a  remnant  of 
another  letter.  The  whole  device  is  within 
a  circle,  the  lowest  segment  of  which  has 
the  date  1591.  Outside  the  circle  is  part  of 
a  legend,  beginning  "  Rien  "  ;  the  rest  is 
indecipherable.  J.  H.  R. 

SEAL  WITH  CREST  AND  "  S.  M." — I  have 
in  my  possession  a  seal  (apparently  of  about 
the  eighteenth  century)  engraved  with  the 
following  crest :  a  demi-lion  rampant  (all 
in  profile),  ducally  crowned.  Underneath 
are  the  initials  S.  M.  in  old  English  letters. 
Can  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  to  what 
person  or  family  this  crest  belonged  ? 

H.  GRAY. 


GRAY'S    '  ELEGY': 
TRANSLATIONS  AND  PARODIES. 

(US.  iii.  62,  144,  204,  338.) 

THE  following  notes  may  be  of  service  in 
supplementing  MR.  NORTHUP'S  list.  I  am 
able  to  answer  some  of  his  questions. 

Translations.  — Latin. 

The  translation  published  anonymously 
in  1762  by  Christopher  Anstey  and  William 
Hay  ward  Roberts,  mentioned  at  11  S.  iii. 
63/is  reprinted  in  the  Dublin  (1768)  edition 
of  Gray's  '  Poems.'  The  ed.  of  1778  (introd. 
verses  signed  "  C.  A.  et  W.  H.  R.")  has 
many  alterations. 

J.  D.  in  '  Musse  Berkhamstedienses.' — 
The  author,  according  to  the  Bodleian 
Catalogue,  is  John  Dupre,  D.D.,  Fellow 
of  Exeter  College. 

H.  J.  Dodwell  :  In  elegiacs.— The  first 
line  is 

Edidit  interitum  vox  aerea  rite  diurnum. 
The  title  is  :     "  Gray's  Elegy  in  Latin  and 
English.     Translated  by  Henry  J.  Dodwell, 
M.A.,  Broadmoor  Criminal  Lunatic  Asylum, 
June  12th,  1882." 

S.  N.  E. — There  appeared  at  Warwick 
in  1818  '  The  Murdered  Maid  ;  or,  The 
Clock  struck  Four  !!!  A  Drama  in  Three 
Acts,'  the  preface  to  which  is  signed  S.  N.  E. 

D.  B.  Hickie.  1823.  (See  also  p.  145 
of  last  vol.)  —  Mentioned  among  books 
lately  published  in  Valpy's  ClassicalJournal, 
vol.  xxvii.  p.  190. 


us. iv. JULY 29,i9ii.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


91 


H.  A.  J.  Munro. 
— To    this    should 


Privately  printed  1874. 
be    added    that    it    was 

included  in  his  privately  printed  '  Transla- 
tions into  Greek  and  Latin  Verse  '  (1884), 
a  book  which  has  been  reprinted  and  pub- 
lished with  a  prefatory  note  by  J.  D.  Duff 
(1906).  Any  one  interested  in  the  subject 
of  Latin  verse  renderings  from  English 
poets  will  be  amply  repaid  for  the  trouble 
of  turning  to  Munro 's  characteristic  and 
vigorous  article  '  Recent  Latin  Verse ' 
in  Macmillari's  Magazine,  vol.  xxxi.,  con- 
taining his  reply  to  some  criticism  of  Mr. 
T.  E.  Kebbel. 

Henry  T.  Liddell,  Earl  of  Ravensworth. — 
I  can  say  from  inspection  that  there  is  no 
version  of  the  '  Elegy '  in  his  '  Carmina 
Latina  '  (London,  1865). 

H.  Sewell,  1875.— The  title  of  this  edition 
is  "  Gray's  Elegy.  Translated  by  Henry 
Sewell,  late  Attorney  -  General  of  New 
Zealand.  (Amici  recensuerunt)."  1875,  s.l. 
(unless  the  place  of  publication  was  printed 
on  a  wrapper).  The  version  is  in  elegiacs, 
and  begins 

Campana  insonuit ;  pratis  armenta  relictis. 
P.    B.    Shelley.— The    date    of    Medwin's 
'  Life  of  Shelley,'  in  which  the  poet's  Latin 
rendering   of  the   Epitaph   was   printed,    is 
1847. 

"That  he  had  certainly  arrived  at  great  skill  in 
the  art  of  versification,  I  think  I  shall  be  able  to 
prove  hy  the  following  specimens  I  kept  among  my 
treasures,  which  he  gave  me  in  1808  or  9.  The  first  is 
the  Epitaph  in  Gray's  '  Elegy  in  a  Country  Church- 
yard,' probably  a  school  task." — Vol.  i  pp.  48,  49. 

The  fact  should  not  be  overlooked  that  this 
version  shows  in  several  places  a  very 
close  resemblance  to  Wakefield's  (first 
published  in  1776).  I  am  not  aware  that 
the  editors  of  Shelley  who  have  included 
the  lines  in  his  works  have  noticed  this. 
The  first  stanza  in  both  pieces  ends  : — 

popularis  ille 

Nescius  aurse. 

The  second  stanza  in  Wakefield's  ends  : — 

Et  suum  tristis  voluit  vocari 

Sollicitudo. 
Shelley  has  : — 

Et  suum  tristis  puerum  notavit 

Sollicitudo. 

For  the  third  stanza  Wakefield  has  : — 
Indoles  illi  generosa  ;  sedem 
Veritas  istam  sibi  yindicavit; 
Et  pari  tantis  meritis  beavit 
Munere  Ccelum. 


Shelley  :— 


Indoles  illi  bene  larga,  pectus 
Veritas  sedem  sibi  yindicavit, 
Et  pari  tantis  meritis  beavit 
Munere  Coelum. 


The  last  two  stanzas  in  Wakefield  rim  : — 
Cseteris  sed  tu  fuge  curioso 
Velle  Virtutes  oculo  retectas 
A  sua  Culpas  fuge  velle  tractas 
Sede  tremenda : 

Sede  Virtutes  paritesque  Culpae 
Spe  tremiscentes  recubant  in  ilia  ; 
In  sui  Patris  gremio  (tremenda 

Sede  !)  Deique. 
Shelley  has  :— 

Longius  sed  tu  fuge  curiosus 
Ceeteras  laudes  fuge  suspicari, 
Cseteras  culpas  fuge  velle  tractas 

Sede  tremenda. 

Spe  tremescentes  recubant  in  ilia 
Sede  virtu tes  pariterque  culpse, 
In  sui  Patris  gremio,  tremenda 
Sede  Deique. 

In  view  of  the  fact  that  the  lines  attributed 
by  Medwin  to  his  cousin  are  included  in 
editions  of  Shelley's  poems,  it  seems  worth 
while  pointing  out  their  obvious  indebted- 
ness. 

Canon  Sheringham,  1901. — This  version 
in  elegiacs  by  J.  W.  Sheringham,  Archdeacon 
and  Canon  of  Gloucester,  was  printed  by 
H.  Osborne,  Gloucester,  and  sold  at  the 
price  of  one  shilling  for  Tewkesbury  Abbey 
Restoration,  n.d.  The  opening  line  is 

Murmure  iam  lento  pecudes  per  prata  vagantur. 

Gilbert  Wakefield :  Cambridge,  Arch- 
deacon, 1776. — The  only  copy  of  this  date 
that  I  have  seen  is  anonymous  ("  Auctore 
***Coll:  Cant:  Alumno "),  and  sold  by 
J.  Nicholson  in  Cambridge,  and  by  C. 
Crowder  and  J.  Rivington  in  London. 
Wakefield's  translation  is  printed  with 
Guedon  de  Berchere's  French  translation 
(Croydon,  1788),  where  it  is  described  as 

par  un  membre  de  1'universite  de  Cam- 
bridge." There  is  some  drastic  criticism 
on  it  in  H.  A.  J.  Munro' s  article  referred  to 
above. 

C.  A.  Wheelwright.— The  first  edition  of  his 
Poems  Original  and  Translated  '  appeared 
in    1810.     The   'Elegy'   is  in   elegiacs,   the 
Epitaph  in  alcaics. 

The  following  Latin  versions  do  not  appear 
in  MB.  NOBTHTJP'S  list : — 

Poematia,  auctore  Nelson  Kerr,  LL.B. 
Coll.  Johan.  Bapt.  Oxon."  (London,  1802.) 
— In  this  book  is  an  elegiac  version  begin- 
ning (p.  19) 

JEdibus  e  sacris  lapses  sonat  hora  diei. 

'  Nugse,'  by  Thomas  Medwin  (Heidelberg, 
1856). — On  pp.  1-6  is  a  Latin  translation 
of  the  '  Elegy,'  the  body  of  the  poem  in 
elegiacs,  the  Epitaph  in  sapphics.  The 
irst  four  stanzas  of  the  Epitaph  are  virtually 
the  same  as  in  Shelley's.  The  last  two  bear 


92 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       fii  s.  iv.  JULY  29, 1911. 


a  considerable  resemblance  to  his.  Med- 
win's  '  Nugse  '  does  not  appear  to  be  well 
known.  It  is  not  mentioned  in  the  '  D.N.B.' 
There  is  no  copy  in  the  British  Museum 
or  the  Bodleian.  Medwin,  it  may  be  added, 
is  indebted  in  more  than  one  place  to  Wake- 
field. 

Welsh. 

There   is   a   translation    of   the    '  Elegy ' 
by  Thomas  Lloyd  Jones  in  his  '  Beauties  of 
Welsh  Poetry,'  Denbigh,  1831,  pp.   178-83. 
EDWARD  BENSLY. 


ST.  EXPEDITUS  (11  S.  iv.  45). — I  believe 
ST.  SWITHIN  is  right,  and  that  the  story 
which  I  told  in  my  article  on  '  Some  Imagi- 
nary Saints'  about  St.  Spedito  must  have 
been  grafted  on  to  an  already  existing 
St.  Expeditus.  Indeed,  a  correspondent 
assures  me  that  a  figure  of  St.  Expedit  is 
to  be  seen  in  one  of  the  churches  in  Brittany, 
with  a  banner  on  which  "  Hodie  "  is  in- 
scribed, and  trampling  on  a  raven,  from 
the  beak  of  which  issues  the  word  "  Cras." 
The  idea  embodied  is  evidently  that  of 
promptitude  or  expedition. 

My  story  was  founded  on  an  article 
which  appeared  in  The  Fortnightly  Review  by 
a  Roman  Catholic  writer  some  five  years 
ago.  Further  information  will  be  found  in 
P.  Saintyves,  '  Les  Saints  Successeurs  des 
Dieux,'  1907,  p.  144. 

A.  SMYTHE  PALMER. 

PITT'S  BUILDINGS  :  WRIGHT'S  BUILD- 
INGS (US.  iv.  50).— It  would  be  difficult 
to  identify  these  houses,  as  they  have  all 
been  pulled  down  —  some  within  quite 
recent  years — and  the  sites  are  covered  with 
the  ugly  streets  and  red-brick  monstrosities 
which  now  disfigure  the  parish  of  Kensing- 
ton. 

Pitt  Buildings,  as  they  were  usually  called, 
were  situated  to  the  south-east  of  Campden 
Hill,  in  an  area  now  bounded  on  the  south 
by  Kensington  High  Street,  on  the  east  by 
Church  Street,  and  on  the  west  by  Campden 
House  Road  and  Hornton  Street.  At  the 
beginning  of  the  eighteenth  century  this 
property  belonged  to  a  copyholder  of  the 
manor  named  Orb  ell,  who  built  the  houses 
and  called  them  Orbell's  Buildings.  In 
Faulkner's  time  the  Buildings  consisted  of 
several  large  houses  with  extensive  gardens. 
In  one  of  the  oldest  of  them  Sir  Isaac 
Newton  took  up  his  residence  in  1725,  and 
here  he  died  on  20  March,  1727.  The  house 
was  called  Bullingham  House,  after  Nicholas 
Bullingham,  Bishop  of  Lincoln  and  after- 


wards of  Worcester,  who  died  in  1576, 
and  was  buried  at  Kensington.  I  doubt  if 
the  house  was  so  called  in  Newton's  time. 
Leigh  Hunt,  who  in  his  '  Old  Court  Suburb  ' 
describes  it  as  "a  large  old  brick  house, 
which  stands  in  a  curious,  evading  sort  of 
way,  as  if  it  would  fain  escape  notice,  at 
the  back  of  other  houses  on  both  sides  of 
it,"  calls  it  Newton  House.  It  was  pulled 
down  in  1895,  and  Bullingham  Mansions 
were  erected  on  its  site. 

A  Kensington  landowner  named  Stephen 
Pitt,  who  is  said  to  have  married  Orbell's 
daughter,  inherited  the  property,  and  gave 
his  own  name  to  the  Buildings.  He  was 
also  the  possessor  of  Campden  House,  and 
resided  for  a  time  at  Little  Campden  House, 
which  had  been  built  by  the  Princess  Anne 
of  Denmark,  afterwards  Queen  Anne,  and 
which  is,  I  think,  the  only  old  house  still 
existing  in  that  neighbourhood,  with,  of 
course,  the  exception  of  Holland  House. 
He  afterwards  moved  into  Pitt  Buildings, 
where  his  descendants  resided  for  several 
years.  His  memory  and  that  of  his  Build- 
ings are  perpetuated  in  Pitt  Street. 

Wright's  Buildings  were  a  row  of  red- 
brick Georgian  houses  at  the  south  end  of 
Wright's  Lane,  which  were  erected  by  Gregory 
Wright  about  1774.  This  property  had  also 
formerly  been  in  the  possession  of  Sir  Isaac 
Newton,  who  bought  it  the  year  before  his 
death,  but  did  not  build  upon  it.  Blocks 
of  modern  buildings  with  fantastic  names 
obscure  the  site  of  this  vanished  row  of 
picturesque  houses. 

W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 

CROWN  AGENTS  (11  S.  iii.  467).— This 
query  is  of  interest  to  Americans,  but  it 
relates  really  not  to  one  subject,  but  to  two 
subjects — "  Crown  agents  "  and  "  Colonial 
agents."  The  term  "  Crown  agent "  is 
apparently  a  comparatively  modern  one, 
and  would  not  have  been  either  used  or 
understood  in  the  American  Colonies  pre- 
vious to  1776.  Its  meaning  is  thus  explained 
in  a  marginal  note  on  p.  6  of  Sir  Penrose 
G.  July  an 's  '  Memorandum  on  the  Origin 
and  Functions  of  the  Department  of  the 
Crown  Agents  for  the  Colonies,'  in  Govern- 
ment Paper  C.  3075  of  1881,  mentioned 
by  MR.  PEACH  :  "  The  Appointment  of 
Agents-General  for  the  Crown  Colonies, 
afterwards  styled  Crown  Agents  for  the 
Colonies."  According  to  the  same  authority, 

"  each  Governor  had  his  own  agent  or  representa- 
tive in  London,  who  generally  acted  as  an  inter- 
mediary between  himself  arid  the  Crown,  besides 
performing  the  miscellaneous  services  required  of 


us. iv. JULY 29, 19H.J        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


him  in  the  interests  both  of  the  Colony  and  of  the 
Governor  himself,  whose  immediate  servant  he 
was."— Pp.  5-6. 

Speaking  of  this  Government  Paper,  MB. 
PEACH  says  that  "  the  Colonial  Office  List 
seems  to  regard  it  as  the  great  authority 
on  the  subject."  This  statement  is  very 
likely  true  if  by  "the  subject"  is  strictly 
meant  the  subject  of  Crown  agents. 

But  the  subject  of  the  older  Colonial 
agents  is  not  even  touched  upon  in  that 
Government  Paper,  and  has  never  (so  far 
asthepresent  writeris  aware)  been  adequately 
treated,  though  an  outline  will  be  found  in 
Edwin  P.  Tanner's  paper  on  '  Colonial 
Agencies  in  England  during  the  Eighteenth 
Century,'  printed  in  Political  Science 
Quarterly  (Columbia  Universitv)  for  March, 
1901,  xvi.  24-49.  Connecticut,  Massachusetts, 
New  York,  Rhode  Island,  and  Virginia  all 
had  Colonial  agents  in  London  before  1700  ; 
but  these  agents  represented  not  the 
Governor,  but  the  colony.  Sometimes  a 
colony  had  two  or  even  three  agents.  In 
1769-70  Dennys  de  Berdt  was  the  agent  of 
the  Massachusetts  House,  while  William 
Bollan  was  the  agent  of  the  Massachusetts 
Council.  As  Mr.  Tanner's  paper  is  perhaps 
not  easily  obtainable  in  England,  the  opening 
paragraph  may  be  quoted  : — 

"It  is  the  object  of  this  paper  to  show,  so  far  as 
the  accessible  sources  of  information  permit,  what 
part  the  colonial  agency  played  in  the  mechanism 
of  that  older  British  Empire  in  which  the  student 
of  American  history  is  bound  to  have  such  a  vital 
interest.  Necessarily,  then,  our  attention  must  be 
occupied  almost  entirely  with  the  eighteenth 
century.  The  agencies  of  the  seventeenth  century, 
although  they  were  often  concerned  with  affairs  of 
great  moment  for  the  several  colonies,  were 
temporary  phenomena,  rather  than  permanent 
institutions.  ^They  were  not  a  regular  part  of  the 
general  colonial  system,  but  appeared  onlv  when 
some  crisis  in  the  affairs  of  a  colony  called  for 
closer  communication  with  the  home  government. 
In  Massachusetts  it  was  the  necessity  of  protecting 
the  charter  that  called  for  the  employment  of  an 
agent;  in  Connecticut  and  Rhode  Island  it  was 
the  need  of  obtaining  regular  charters  ;  in  Virginia 
it  was  the  desire  to  prevent  the  soil  of  the  colony 
from  being  granted  to  irresponsible  court  favorites. 
Thus,  from  time  to  time  persons  prominent  in  the 
colonies  were  despatched  to  England  to  make 
representations  at  court.  But  when  the  special 
object  of  the  mission  had  been  accomplished,  the 
agent  returned  to  America  and  the  agency  was  at 
an  end.  The  seventeenth-century  agency  was  a 
special  embassy  and  not  a  permanent  representa- 
tion. But  in  the  eighteenth  century  this  situation 
changed,  with  the  development  of  colonial  manage- 
ment. Gradually  the  agency  became  permanent. 
The  agent  became  a  regular  official  of  the  colony, 
resident  in  London  and  drawing  a  fixed  salary  from 
the  colonial  treasury.  His  duty  was  no  longer 
connected  with  any  single  matter  or  group  of 
matters.  He  was  to  watch  carefully  all  that  passed 


at  court  and  in  Parliament,  and  to  further  the 
interests  of  his  province  in  every  way  possible. 
Other  functions  he  also  had  which  demanded  his 
continual  presence." 

A  special  agent  was  appointed  in  Virginia 
as  early  as  1624.  ALBERT  MATTHEWS. 

Boston,  U.S. 

PETER  DE  WINT  (11  S.  iii.  368,  418). 

MR.  CANN  HUGHES  asks  for  names  of  persons 
who  possess  collections  of  paintings  by  this 
celebrated  water-colour  artist.  The  only 
place  I  know  not  included  in  his  list  is  the 
Print-Room,  British  Museum,  where  there 
are  a  few.  One  in  particular,  a  very  large 
one  unfinished,  is  interesting  as  showing 
that  De  Wint  painted  without  any  previous 
drawing,  either  pencil  or  ink,  exactly  as 
David  Cox  did  in  his  later  years. 

In  the  Print-Room  is  also  to  be  found  the 
'  Catalogue  of  the  whole  of  the  Beautiful 
Works  of  that  unrivalled  and  highly 
respected  Artist  in  Water  Colours,  Peter 
de  Wint,  Esq.,  deceased,  which  (by  order 
of  the  Executrix)  will  be  sold  by  auction  by 
Messrs.  Christie  &  Manson  [&c.],  22  May, 
1850.'  I  have  looked  at  this  sale  catalogue 
(to  which  MR.  ROBERTS  refers),  but  found  no 
information  of  use  to  me. 

I  have  a  water-colour  by  De  Wint  which 
is  sufficiently  curious  for  mention,  as  at 
the  Victoria  and  Albert  Museum  there  is 
a  De  Wint  of  precisely  the  same  view  and 
subject,  almost  a  replica,  but  the  size  is 
different ;  and  while  mine  is  on  a  day  with- 
out sun,  that  at  the  Victoria  and  Albert 
Museum  is  full  of  sunlight  and  brilliant 
colour.  Neither  is  signed,  for  De  Wint  did 
not  adopt  the  practice  of  signing  his  works 
until  his  later  years  ;  but  they  bear  all 
over  them  the  master's  signature  or  hand. 
The  picture  in  the  Victoria  and  Albert 
Museum  is  usefully  "  lent  "  by  the  Trustees 
of  the  National  Gallery,  who  acquired  it 
under  the  Henderson  bequest.  It  is  de- 
scribed in  the  V.  and  A.  Catalogue,  1908, 
as  '  The  Trent  near  Burton,'  and  numbered 
14,  N.G.  I  should  like  to  hear  if  any 
similar  instance  is  known  of  De  Wint's 
painting  the  same  subject  in  different 
lights.  On  taking  mine  out  of  the  frame 
(many  years  ago)  I  found  written  on  the 
back,  in  a  lady's  hand,  "  Carting  barley, 
Burton  on  Trent."  Men  are  loading  a 
barge  at  the  riverside  from  a  wagon. 

No  doubt  MR.  CANN  HUGHES  is  aware  that 
Graves' s  '  Dictionary  of  Artists  who  have 
exhibited,'  &c.,  London,  1895,  gives  454 
as  the  number  of  De  Wint's  exhibited 
pictures. 


94 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [iis.iv.  JULY  29,1911. 


Sir  Walter  Armstrong  in  his  '  Memoir 
of  Peter  de  Wint,'  1888,  says  that  early 
water-colour  painters  were  almost  left  to 
starve  in  Prance,  while  in  England  they  had 
hard  times  and  were  compelled  to  live 
mostly  by  teaching.  He  makes,  however, 
the  one  great  exception  of  Constable. 

Mr.  B.  W.  Leader's  account,  given  in 
an  interview  recorded  in  The  Morning  Post 
of  11  March,  1911,  p.  5,  modifies  this  idea. 
The  great  octogenarian  R.A.  says  : — 

"My  father,  however,  was  very  fond  of  art,  and 
lie  and  John  Constable  used  to  go  out  sketching 
together.  I  remember  the  great  painter  coming  to 
our  house  in  Worcester.  He  was  a  sadly  dis- 
appointed man.  The  highest  price  he  ever  received 
for  a  picture  was  £100,  and  works  by  him  now 
fetch  thousands  of  pounds — one,  '  Stoke  by  Nay- 
land,'  recently  realised  8,800gs.  at  Christie's.  Yet 
he  was  not  morose.  When  staying  with  us  he  would 
return  from  the  country  with  an  armful  of  branches 
and  flowers  and  say  to  my  mother  as  he  threw  them 
on  the  table  :  '  There's  beauty  for  you.'  My  father 
got  up  an  exhibition  at  AVorcester  and  Constable 
sent  a  number  of  pictures,  but  none  of  them  was 
gold.  The  artist  was  very  much  upset,  and  he 
asked  my  father  to  keep  them  for  a  time." 
Then,  with  reference  to  his  father,  his 
brother  the  late  Sir  E.  Leader  Williams 
(Mr.  Leader  tells  how  he  came  to  adopt  the 
nams  by  which  he  is  now  known),  and 
another  brother,  Alfred  Williams,  a  dis- 
tinguished engineer  at  Sydney  and  my 
brother-in-law,  he  says  : — 

"I,  too,  began  life  as  a  civil  engineer,  but  I  told 
my  father  that  I  would  never  follow  engineering  as 
a  profession.  I  wanted  to  be  an  artist,  and  in  this 
desire  I  was  backed  by  the  late  Serjeant  Thomas, 
who  invited  me  to  London  and  gave  me  rooms  in 
Chancery-lane." 

Perhaps  I  may  be  allowed  to  add  this, 
as  it  is  short,  and  of  particular  interest 
to  me.  RALPH  THOMAS. 

"  J'Y  suis,  J'Y  RESTE  "  (11  S.  iv.  44). — 
MacMahon's  phrase  "  Je  suis  ici  et  j'y  reste  " 
was  not  sent  from  the  trenches  before  the 
Malakoff,  but  from  inside  the  work  itself, 
in  answer  to  an  order  to  withdraw,  given 
in  the  belief  that  he  had  failed.  It  was 
well  known  at  the  time,  and  to  attribute 
it  to  1873  is  absurd. 

R.  PHIPPS,  Colonel  late  R.A. 

ST.  SWITHIN'S  DAY  (11  S.  iv.  45).— 
Another,  perhaps  Swiss,  version  of  the  French 
prognostication  is : — 

S'il  pleut  k  la  Saint-Medard, 

II  pleuvra  six  semaines  plus  tard  ; 

A  moins  que  Saint-Barnabe" 

N'ait  tout  raccommode. 

T.    F.   D  WIGHT. 
La  Tour  de  Peilz,  Vaud,  Switzerland. 


'ALPINE  LYBICS'  (US.  iv.  30).— In  the 
1899  edition  of  the  Catalogue  of  the  Library 
of  the  English  Alpine  Club  (23,  Savile  Row) 
the  author  is  said  to  be  W.  Bainbridge. 

W.    A.    B.    COOLIDGE. 

Chalet  Montana,  Grindelwald. 

The  author  of  c  Alpine  Lyrics  '  was  the 
Rev.  R.  Gregory,  and  at  the  time  of  the 
publication  of  his  book  he  was  living  at 
10,  Lambeth  Terrace,  Lambeth. 

W.  H.  PEET. 

'LYRICS  AND  LAYS'  (11  S.  iv.  48).— The 
author  of  these  poems  was  a  well-known 
solicitor  in  Calcutta  named  W.  H.  Abbott, 
who  died,  I  think,  in  the  early  seventies, 
a  great  personal  friend  of  mine.  I  cannot 
at  the  moment  put  my  hand  on  my  copy,  but 
I  shall  find  it  on  my  return  to  town.  If 
W.  B.  H.  wishes  for  any  names  of  the 
numerous  persons  referred  to  in  the  book, 
I  can  supply  him  with  a  great  many  if  he 
will  write  to  me.  J.  H.  MATTHEWS. 

54,  Parliament  Street,  S.W. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (11  S. 
iv.  28).—  With  respect  to  G.  H.  J.'s  first 
quotation,  "wonder,  which  is  the  seed  of 
knowledge,"  see  Plato,  '  Theset.,'  155  D, 
ov  yap  aXXr]  Q-pyjl  <j>iXocro<j>iai<S  ?}  avrrj  (sc.  TO 
dav^dfeiv),  and  Aristotle,  '  Met.,'  i.  2,  982b, 
12  (Ritter  and  Preller,  ed.  7,  pp.  237,  295). 

T.  NICKLIN. 

SHERIDAN'S  '  CRITIC  '  :  THOMAS  VAUGHAN 
(11  S.  iv.  47). — A  short  notice  of  Vaughan 
is  in  [Dr.  Rivers' s]  '  Literary  Memoirs  of 
Living  Authors,'  vol.  ii.,  1798,  which  men- 
tions two  farces — '  The  Hotel,  or  the  Double 
Valet,'  and  '  Love's  Vagaries ' — and  a 
novel  entitled  '  Fashionable  Follies.' 

W.  D.  MACE  AY. 

D'URFEY  AND    ALLAN   RAMSAY    (US.    iii. 

467  ;  iv.  58). — Full  justice  is  not  done 
to  Ramsay's  record  when  it  is  said  of  him 
that  "  he  was  scarcely  known  as  a  poet  when 
D'Urfey  died."  He  began  to  write  about 
1711  ;  in  a  poetical  epistle  to  his  friend 
Smibert  the  painter  he  says  that  his  muse 
was  very  active  "  frae  twenty-five  to  five- 
and-forty."  An  original  member  of  the 
Edinburgh  "  Easy  Club,"  established  in 
1712,  Ramsay  in  that  year  addressed  the 
members  in  spirited  verses  which  have  been 
preserved.  In  1715  he  was  elected  Poet 
Laureate  of  the  Club.  Presently  his  occa- 
sional effusions,  published  at  a  small  price, 
were  in  great  demand,  mothers  sending  their 
children  into  the  street  to  buy  "  Ramsay'a 


ii  s.  iv.  JULY  29,  leu.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


95 


last  piece  "  for  a  penny.  Between  1716  and 
1718  he  published  the  royal  '  Christ's  Kirk 
on  the  Green,'  with  two  supplementary  can- 
tos of  his  own  ;  and  a  fifth  edition  of  the 
realistic  delineation  thus  completed  appeared 
in  1722.  In  1721  the  poet  issued  his  collected 
works  in  a  quarto  volume,  to  which  Josiah 
Burchet  of  the  Admiralty,  Sir  William 
Scot  of  Thirlestane,  and  other  notable  con- 
temporaries contributed  commendatory 
verses.  "  His  popularity  at  this  epoch," 
says  Chalmers,  "  may  be  inferred  from  the 
numerous  list  of  subscribers,  which  con- 
sisted of  all  who  were  either  eminent  or  fair 
in  Scotland."  Ramsay  followed  up  this 
success  with  'Fables  and  Tales'  and  'Tale 
of  Three  Bonnets  '  in  1722  ;  and  in  1723, 
the  year  of  D'Urfey's  death,  he  issued  his 
'  Fair  Assembly.'  THOMAS  BAYNE. 

TOUCHING  A  CORPSE  (11  S.  iv.  48). — Some 
years  ago  I  was  called  to  serve  upon  the 
jury  of  an  inquest  held  on  the  body  of  a  man 
who  had  been  run  over  by  a  railway  train. 
One  of  the  jurors  whom  I  did  not  know 
asked  me,  after  we  had  all  seen  the  body, 
whether  I  had  touched  it.  I  replied  that  I 
had  not  ;  he  answered  :  "I  am  very  sorry, 
for  I  know  that  you  will  be  haunted  by  the 
spirit  of  the  dead  man  while  asleep,  and 
perhaps  when  awake  also."  I  said  in  return 
that  I  had  no  fear  of  such  a  catastrophe. 
He  did  not  reply,  but  shook  his  head  gravely. 

Since  this  conversation  occurred,  I  have 
asked  several  persons  what  they  believed 
on  the  matter,  and  have  found  that  some,  but 
by  no  means  all,  held  the  same  opinions  as 
my  would-be  instructor.  K.  P.  D.  E. 

In  his  '  Notes  on  the  Folk-lore  of  the  North- 
East  of  Scotland  '  (p.  211)  the  Rev.  Walter 
Gregor  says  that  people  touched  the  breast 
or  brow  of  the  dead  person  to  prevent  its 
image  haunting  the  fancy.  This  seems  to 
be  a  strange  specific.  I  should  have  thought 
the  custom  was  originally  practised  in  evi- 
dence of  the  good  faith  of  each  guest,  a  sign 
that  neither  he  nor  she  had  in  any  way 
brought  about  the  death  of  the  one  whose 
funeral  was  being  celebrated.  This  view 
is  countenanced  by  Mr.  Henderson,  who 
relates  ('  Folk-lore  of  the  Northern  Counties,' 
p.^57):— 

"As  to  the  touching  of  the  corpse  by  those  who 
come  to  look  at  it,  this  is  still  expected  by  the  poor 
•oi  Durham  on  the  part  of  those  who  come  to  their 
house  while  a  dead  body  is  lying  in  it,  in  token 
that  they  wished  no  ill  to  the  departed,  and  were 
in  peace  and  amity  with  him.  No  doubt  this  custom 
grew  out  of  the  belief,  once  universal  among  northern 
nations,  that  a  corpse  would  bleed  at  the  touch  of 
the  murderer  " — 


a  subject  which  has  been  recently  dis- 
cussed in  '  N.  &  Q.'  Long  ago,  I  believe 
"  touching  a  corpse  "  was  likewise  a  theme  ; 
but  as  "  there  is  no  new  thing  under  the 
sun,"  '  N.  &  Q.'  is  precluded  from  dealing 
exclusively  with  the  unheard-of :  "  the 
thing  that  hath  been  is  that  which  shall 
be,"  and  we  need  wish  for  nothing  better. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

I  have  seen  the  corpse  touched  in  some 
parts  of  the  Channel  Islands,  and  the  reason 
given  there  is  that  by  touching  the  corpse 
you  are  immune  from  being  haunted  by 
the  sight  in  after  years — a  fear  which 
affects  most  people.  I.  L.  BREHAUT. 

In  my  younger  days  in  this  county  it 
used  to  be  said  that  it  was  advisable  for  any 
persons  who  saw  a  corpse  to  touch  it, 
otherwise  they  would  be  haunted  by  it 
in  their  dreams.  A.  J.  DAVY. 

Torquay. 
[MR.  W.  B.  GERISH  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

GRIMALDI  AS  A  CANARY  :  '  HARLEQUIN 
GULLIVER'  (11  S.  iv.  25). — It  is  a  coinci- 
dence that  on  the  morning  on  which  MR. 
THORNTON'S  note  appeared  I  happened  to 
have  been  looking  at  one  of  my  prints  of 
Grimaldi.  This  quarto  print  is  entitled  : — 

"  Principal , characters  in  the  new  pantomime 
called  Harlequin  Gulliver  or  the  Flying  Island,  as 
performed  at  the  Theatre  Royal  Cove  Gardn :  in 
four  plates  :  plate  1st.  London  published  as  the  Act 
directs  Feb.  11  1818  by  W.  West  at  his  [juvenile] 
theatrical  print  warehouse,  Exeter  House,  Exeter  st. 
Strand." 

Plate  4th  (price  a  penny  plain  or  twopence 
coloured)  has  a  picture  of  the  "  Clown  and 
his  Canary  Bird,"  the  latter  being  about  half 
the  size  of  a  man.  I  have  the  plate  plain 
and  brilliantly  coloured  about  the  time  of 
issue,  but  there  is  no  mistake  as  to  the  bright 
yellow  of  the  canary,  which  the  clown 
(with  trousers)  is  greeting  with  open  arms, 
while  the  canary  greets  him  with  open  beak. 
It  would  thus  appear  that  it  must  have  been 
Grimaldi' s  canary  that  "  shook  his  wings," 
and  not  Grimaldi  himself  ;  and  that  Lord 
S.  G.  Osborne's  memory  played  him  false, 
which  is  not  surprising,  as  he  was  only  ten 
years  old  when  he  saw  the  pantomime,  and 
upwards  of  thirty  years  had  elapsed  in  1849 
since  he  had  seen  the  piece. 

'  Harlequin  Gulliver '  was  first  acted 
26  December,  1817,  and  was  a  great  success, 
with  Grimaldi  as  "  Quadrantissimus,  after- 
wards Clown  "  ;  Mr.  Bologna  as  Gulliver, 
afterwards  Harlequin  ;  and  Miss  F.  Dennett 
as  "Princess  Rhomboidilla,  afterwards 


96 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [n  s.  iv.  JULY  29, 1911. 


Columbine "  (needless  to  say,  in  long 
skirts).  Nevertheless  this  pantomime  has 
escaped  enumeration  by  all  the  writers  who 
have  compiled  lists  of  plays. 

RALPH  THOMAS. 

"  O  FOR  THE  LIFE  OF  A  SOLDIER  !  "  (11  S. 
iv.  29.) — I  think  the  following  are  the  words 
of  the  song  asked  for  by  D.  K.  T.  They  are 
as  sung  by  a  late  brother-officer  nearly 
40  years  ago  : — 

The  Life  of  a  Soldier. 
When  I  was  a  youngster,  gossips  would  say 

When  I  grew  older  I'd  be  a  soldier  ; 
Rattles  and  toys  I  threw  them  away, 

Except  a  drum  and  a  sabre. 
When  I  was  older,  as  up  I  grew, 
I  went  to  see  a  grand  review  ; 
Colours  flying  set  me  dying 
To  embark  in  a  life  so  new. 

Chorus. 

R-r-r-r-roll,  my  merry  drums,  march  away, 
Soldier's  glory  lives  in  story, 
His  laurels  are  green  when  his  locks  are  grey, 
Then  hurrah  for  the  life  of  a  soldier  ! 

Enlisted  to  battle,  we  inarch  along, 
Courting  danger,  to  fear  a  stranger, 

The  cannon  keep  time  to  our  marching  song, 
And  make  each  heart  a  hero's. 

"  Charge  !  "  our  gallant  leaders  cry, 

Up  like  lions  then  we  fly, 

Blood  and  thunder  !     Knock  foos  under  ! 

Then  hurrah  for  victory  ! 

Chorus.     Roll,  &c. 

Who  so  merry  as  we  in  camp  ? 

The  battle  over,  we  live  in  clover  ; 
Care  and  his  cronies  arc  forced  to  tramp, 

And  all  is  social  pleasure. 
Then  we  laugh,  we  chaff,  we  sing  ; 
Time  flies  merrily  on  the  wing  ; 
Smiles  of  beauty  lighten  duty, 
And  each  private  is  a  king  ! 

Chorus.     Roll,  &c. 

C.  HAGGARD. 

"AGASONIC"  (11  S.  iv.  28). — Agaso  is 
the  Latin  for  a  groom,  found  in  Livy, 
Persius,  and  Horace.  "'Buggy'  is  the 
nearest  a  groom  can  get  to  bic/a  "  is  the  mean- 
ing of  MR.  FORREST  MORGAN'S  quotation. 
JOHN  R.  MAGRATH. 

Queen's  College,  Oxford. 

Agasonic  is  formed  from  the  Latin  agdso, 
groom,  ostler,  muleteer,  and  in  itself  would 
not  seem  to  be  any  more  "  weird  "  than 
"  thrasonical."  The  Latin  word  appears  to 
have  left  no  representative  in  Romance 
languages  with  the  possible  exception  of 
the  Sardinian  basone,  cited  in  a  note  of 
Meyer-Liibke's  in  the  '  Thesaurus  Linguse 
Latinse,'  s.v.  agdso.  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

[T.  N.  also  thanked  for  reply  ] 


"HAYWRA,"  PLACE-NAME  (11  S.  iiu 
487  ;  iv.  35). — I  note  that  MR.  FORREST 
MORGAN  states  that  Palgrave  renders  this  as 
"  Hurry,"  and  asks  where  is  the  place. 
'  Cassell's  Gazetteer,'  1896,  gives  "  Hurry, 
hamlet,  parish  of  Ronaldkirk,  North  Riding 
of  Yorks,  6£  miles  N.W.  of  Barnard 
Castle."  W.  B.  GERISH. 

"SoucHY"  (11  S.  iii.  449;  iv.  13).— 
The  following  lines  from  '  The  Ingoldsby 
Legends  '  apparently  indicate  the  pronuncia- 
tion of  this  now  unfamiliar  word  :  — 

What  boots  it  to  tell  of  the  viands,  or  how  she 
Apologized  much  for  their  plain  water-souchy. 
'  Sir  Rupert  the  Fearless.' 

F.  A.  W. 

Paris. 

THE  CUCKOO  AND  ITS  CALL  (11  S.  iii, 
486  ;  iv.  30,  75). — I  should  like  to  refer 
those  as  interested  as  myself  in  this  myste- 
rious bird  to  a  charming  book  on  the  subject 
by  Dr.  Japp  (London,  Burleigh),  which 
gives  more  information  as  to  the  habits  of  the 
bird  than  I  have  been  able  to  obtain  else- 
where. From  this  it  appears  that  the 
female  is  polygamous,  and  is  generally 
attended  by  six  "  cavaliers."  The  male 
bird  only  cries  "  cuckoo  "  ;  the  female 
emits  a  curious  bubbling  or  gurgling  sound, 
generally  from  a  thicket  when  about  to 
lay  an  egg. 

In  conclusion,  may  I  ask  if  any  readers 
of  '  N.  &  Q.'  have  ever  heard  its  familiar 
note  out  of  Europe  ?  D.  K.  T. 

I  should  like  to  add  my  testimony  to  that 
of  MR.  RATCLIFFE.  At  the  end  of  last 
April  I  was  crossing  an  open  field  between 
Winchmore  Hill  and  Edmonton  (Middlesex) 
and  heard  a  cuckoo  in  the  immediate  neigh- 
bourhood. Directly  afterwards  a  pair  of 
these  birds  flew  overhead,  one  only  uttering 
the  call  three  times,  in  quick  succession, 
a  short  pause  following.  The  "  cuckoo  "- 
ing  continued  in  this  way  until  the  birds 
were  out  of  sight  and  hearing. 

CHARLES  S.  BURDON. 

CUCKOO  RIMES  :  HEATHFIELD  CUCKOO 
FAIR  (US.  iii.  465  ;  iv.  31).— MR.  VAUGHAN 
GOWER  will  find  the  legend  of  the  cuckoo 
being  released  annually  at  Heathfield  in 
Sussex  recorded  in  '  Highways  and  Byways 
in  Sussex,'  by  Mr.  E.  V.  Lucas  ;  in  the  same 
author's  preface  to  '  Heathfield  Memorials,' 
1910  (A.  L.  Humphreys),  and  in  the  body  of 
that  work  ;  and  in  the  Sussex  Archaeological 
Collections,  vol.  xiii.  p.  210.  It  is  also  the 
subject  of  a  poem  by  Mr.  Rudyard  Kipling 


ii  s.  iv.  JULY  29,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


97 


entitled  'Heffle Cuckoo  Song, 'which  appeared 
in  Pearson's  Weekly,  No.  1000,  and  is  re- 
printed in  '  Heathfield  Memorials,'  cited 
above  ;  and  of  a  poem  by  Mr.  Charles 
Dalmon.  SUSSEX. 

PORT  HENDERSON  :  CORRIE  BHREACHAN 
(11  S.  iv.  10,  58). — Port  Henderson,  named 
only  in  Longman's  '  Gazetteer  of  the  World,' 
as  a  small  bay  on  the  Ross-shire  coast,  near 
Gairloch,  and  a  few  miles  distant  from 
Loch  Maree.  It  is  indicated  on  Ordnance 
'Survey  maps,  but  is  not  mentioned  by 
•Scottish  geographical  writers. 

Corrie  Bhreachan,  or  "  Brecan's  Cauldron," 
is  the  strait  between  the  Argyllshire  islands 
of  Jura  and  Scarba.  W.  S.  S. 

Murray's  '  Handbook  for  Scotland ' 
(1868),  p.  175,  says:— 

"  To  the  north  of  Jura  is  the  small  island  of 
Scarba,  separated  by  the  terrible  gulf 
Where  Corryvreckan's  surges  driven, 
Meet,  mount,  and  lash  the  breast  of  heaven. 
'Corryvreckan  or  Coriebhrencain, '  the  cauldron  of 
the  spectred  sea,'  is  the  terror  of  light  craft  sailing 
these  seas,  although,  as  in  all  cases  of  so-called 
whirlpool,  the  effects  of  it  are  immensely  exag- 
gerated   The  poet  Campbell  declares  that  the 

sound  of  Corryvreckan  can  be  heard  for  many 
leagues  on  the  mainland,  and  that  it  is  like  the 
sound  of  innumerable  chariots ....  The  passage 
between  Scarba  and  Lunga  is  called  in  Gaelic 
*  Bheallaich  a  Choin  Ghlais,'  Pass  of  the  Grey 
Dog,  but  the  sailors  call  it  the  Little  Gulf." 

T.  SHEPHERD. 

"TERTITJM  QUID"  (11  S.  iii.  67,  131).— 
As  the  dictionary  whose  definition  of  this 
term  has  been  cited  gives  no  illustrative 
quotation,  the  following  may  be  of  use  : — 

A  tertium  quid,  that  's  both  betwixt, 
And  yet,  in  fact,  is  neither. 

Stanza  48  in  "  The  Riddle,  by  the  Late 
Unhappy  George-Robert  Fitzgerald,  Esq. 
With  Notes,  By  W.  Bingley,  formerly  of 
London,  Bookseller,"  London,  n.d. 

The  Editor's  Preface  is  dated  June,  1787. 
The  Fitzgerald  to  whom  the  piece  is  attri- 
buted is  "  Fighting  Fitzgerald "  (hanged 
in  1786,  see  'D.N.B.').  According  to  the 
editor,  "  it  was  written  during  his  residence 
in  Dublin  New  Prison,  about  the  year 
1782."  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

SIR  JOHN  ARTJNDEL  OF  CLERKENWELL 
(11  S.  iii.  367,  415,  491  ;  'iv.  32).— Surely  it 
is  incorrect  to  describe  the  first  Lord 
Arundell  of  Wardour  as  a  grandson  of  Sir 
John  Arundell  of  Lanherne.  According  to 
Burke,  this  peer  was  the  son  of  Sir  Matthew 
Arundell,  and  grandson  of  Sir  Thomas 
Arundell  of  Wardour.  Sir  Thomas  was  him- 


self the  second  son  of  Sir  John  Arundell  of 
Lanherne,  and  his  elder  brother  was  also 
Sir  John  Arundell  of  Lanherne.  It  is 
probably  to  one  of  these  two — father  and 
son — that  MR.  A.  R.  BAYLEY  refers,  and 
it  will  be  seen  that  they  were  respectively 

treat-grandfather  and  grand-uncle  of  the 
rst  Lord  Arundell  of  Wardour.  It  is 
virtually  impossible  for  the  senior  Sir  John 
to  have  been  alive  in  1588,  and  from  the 
junior  Sir  John  the  first  Lord  Arundell  of 
Wardour  did  not  apparently  descend. 

B.  B. 
Manila. 

"  THOUGH  CHRIST  A  THOUSAND  TIMES  BE 
SLAIN"  (11  S.  iv.  28). — "  Angelus  Silesius  " 
was  the  name  adopted  by  Johann  Scheffler 
(1624-77),  of  whom  an  account  will  be  found 
in  Julian's  '  Dictionary  of  Hymnology.' 
The  hymn  beginning  "  Though  Christ  a 
thousand  times  be  slain  "  does  not  seem  to 
be  mentioned  in  the  '  Dictionary,'  and  I  have 
not  met  with  it  in  any  collection  of  hymns 
accessible  to  me.  S.  W.  S. 

"LE  WHACOK"  (11  S.  i.  88,  278,  316).— 
A  recent  visit  to  the  old-fashioned  village 
of  Wansford  enables  me  to  add  to  the  notice 
at  the  last  reference.  I  was  told  the  legend 
narrated  by  Dr.  Neale  in  his  '  Hierolo^us  ' 
(p.  41),  the  teller  correctly  saying  "Hay- 
cock" instead  of  "Haystack."  Drunken 
Barnaby  in  his  '  Journal '  describes  himself — 
but  without  any  authority — as  the  hero  of 
the  legend,  reversing  the  course,  however, 
by  saying  he  was  carried  from,  instead  of  to, 
Wansford  Bridge,  as  in  the  legend.  Curiously 
enough,  his  version  is  in  the  '  Beauties  of 
England  and  Wales  '  under  Huntingdonshire 
(vol.  vii.  pp.  538-9),  and  the  peculiar  Wans- 
ford Bridge  over  the  Nen  connects  the  county 
of  Huntingdon  with  that  of  Northampton. 
It  may  be  at  once  stated  that  the  bridge 
bears  a  striking  resemblance  to  the  Essex 
Bridge  at  Great  Haywood,  Staffordshire. 

The  last  reference  also  contains  a  bit  of 
prophesy,  certainly  qualified  by  the  word 
"  probably,"  that  the  sign  would  last  as 
long  as  the  world.  For  some  time  the  sign 
has  been  a  thing  of  the  past ;  the  brackets 
which  supported  it  are  still  there,  but  the 
sign  itself,  with  the  legend  pictorially  repre- 
sented and  the  address  "  Wansford  in  Eng- 
land," has  been  taken  away  for  preservation 
by  the  Duke  of  Bedford.  The  old  house 
was  a  noted  posting-house  on  the  Great 
North  Road,  and  was  known  all  over  Europe 
as  a  hunting  centre  when  kept  by  a  Mrs. 
Percival.  Hungarian  princes,  German 


98 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s.  iv.  JULY  29, 1911. 


princelets,  and  others  who  considered  them- 
selves very  important  people,  used  to  meet 
there  for  hunting,  and  dine  afterwards. 
For  some  years  Lord  Chesham,  who  was  killed 
in  the  hunting  field,  used  it  as  a  hunting-box. 
The  house  is  now  temporarily  occupied 
as  a  private  dwelling-house  by  Mr.  Peter 
Brotherhood  junior,  the  engineer,  whose 
factory  was  formerly  in  the  Belvedere 
Road,  Lambeth  (on  the  site  on  which  the  new 
County  Council  Hall  is  being  built),  and 
is  now  at  Peterborough.  What  will  become 
of  the  old  house  the  future  will  decide. 

In  the  same  village  is  another  old 
inn,  with  the  sign  "  Ye  Olde  Mermaide  " 
and  at  the  bottom  "  Wansford  in  England," 
which,  I  was  told,  had  been  placed  there  by 
the  landlord  on  the  removal  of  the  old  sign 
of  "  The  Haycock."  A.  RHODES. 

MILITARY  EXECUTIONS  (11  S.  iv.  8,  57). — 
I  know  of  no  order  on  this  subject,  but  it  was 
always  understood  that  a  firing  party  of 
twelve  men  were  given  twelve  muskets 
already  loaded,  half  with  ball  and  half 
with  blank.  No  man  of  such  a  party  firing 
together  could  possibly  tell  the  difference 
in  sound  of  one  musket  from  another. 

R.  PHIPPS,  Colonel  late  R.A. 

As  an  ex-soldier,  I  must  disagree  with 
MB.  JAGGARD.  The  procedure  of  a  military 
execution  does  not  permit  of  any  of  the 
firing  party  knowing,  prior  to  pressing  the 
trigger,  whether  he  is  using  ball  or  blank 
cartridge.  The  rifles  are  loaded  by  the  acting 
provost-marshal,  half  with  ball  and  half 
with  blank,  previously  to  the  arrival  of  the 
squad  (usually  twelve  in  number),  and  he 
hands  the  weapons  to  the  men  from  a  table 
just  in  rear  of  the  firing-point.  Arms  are 
kept  "  sloped  "  until  the  order  for  "  present  " 
is  given.  This  occurs  before  the  prisoner 
is  marched  upon  the  ground  and  bound  to 
a  chair,  should  he  be  unable  to  stand.  As 
the  firing  party  are  well  aware  that  the 
provost -marshal  will  complete  the  sentence 
with  his  revolver,  should  signs  of  life  be  pre- 
sent after  the  volley,  to  prevent  unnecessary 
suffering,  aiming  high  or  wide  is  no  way  out 
of  doing  one's  duty.  Of  course,  when  the 
trigger  lias  been  pressed,  the  recoil  indicates 
the  kind  of  charge  ;  but  the  difference  in 
sound  between  the  two  cartridges  could  not 
be  distinguished  in  a  mixed  ball  and  blank 
volley.  There  still  remains  the  uncertainty 
of  his  particular  bullet  being  the  fatal  one, 
when  a  man  finds  from  the  recoil  or  the  empty 
cartridge  case  that  his  rifle  was  loaded  with 
ball.  In  pre-cartridge  days  the  object  was 


obtained  by  omitting  the  bullet  from  half 
the  muskets  given  out  to  the  firing  party, 
the  other  details  being  as  above. 

CHARLES  S.  BTJRDON. 

An  extract  from  an  account  of  a  military 
execution  in  India,  taken  from  Stocqueler's 
*  British  Soldier,'  may  perhaps  be  worth 
attention  : — 

"  A  firing  party,  consisting  of  sixteen  men, 
was  now  selected  from  the  prisoner's  regiment, 
and  moved  up  to  the  rear  of  the  butts,  where  the 
muskets  which  had  been  loaded  by  the  quarter^ 
master  sergeant,  under  the  superintendence  of 
an  officer,  were  given  them,  and  they  then  took 
up  a  position  on  the  left  flank  of  the  western  face.'r 

According  to  this  account,  only  two  persons 
were  aware  which  of  the  muskets  were 
loaded.  Row  TAY. 

ST.      DUNSTAN     AND      TUNBRIDGE      WELLS 

(11  S.  iii.  489;  iv.  54). — I  am  obliged  to 
MR.  RHODES  for  referring  me  to  '  The 
Ingoldsby  Legends.'  I  have,  however,  so 
far  been  unable  to  obtain  any  information 
concerning  the  legend  as  relating  to  the  Tun- 
bridge  Wells  springs.  The  following  extract 
from  Thomas  Benge  Burr's  '  History  of  Tun- 
bridge  Wells  '  (published  in  1766)  probably 
refers  to  it : — 

"  There  are  many  different  accounts  of  the  first 
discovery  of  those  celebrated  springs  called1 
Tunbridge  Wells.  And  that  there  should  be  some 
miraculous  stories  amongst  others  cannot  be  an 
object  of  wonder  to  those  who  know  that  the 
origin  of  places. .  .  .were  in  the  dark  ages  of  super- 
stition and  priestcraft  generally  ascribed  to  the 
extraordinary  interposition  of  some  avaricious 
saint  whose  credit  the  monks  of  the  time  found 
themselves  interested  to  advance." 

It  seems  to  be  fairly  well  established 
that  St.  Dunstan  lived  at  Mayfield,  and 
the  tongs  referred  to  by  MR.  BAYLEY 
together  with  "  St.  Dunstan' s  anvil  and 
sword  "  are,  I  believe,  to  be  still  seen  at 
Mayfield  Palace  (now  a  convent). 

R.  VAUGHAN  GOWER, 

Ferndale  Lodge,  Tunbridge  Wells. 

REV.  THOMAS  CLARKE,  OF  CHESHAM  Bors 
(11  S.  ii.  129,  352). — The  above-named 
Thomas  Clarke,  a  member  of  Brasenose 
College,  Oxford,  was  the  son  of  Thomas 
Clarke  of  Poulton-le-Fylde,  Lancashire. 

The  '  Brasenose  College  Register '  fur- 
nishes the  information  that  Thomas  Clarke 
(Lancashire),  Batteler,  was  entered  in  the 
buttery  book,  6  July,  1739,  paid  caution 
and  matriculated  (pleb.  fit.)  7  July,  1739, 
aged  19;  graduated  B.A.  28  Feb.,  1743/4; 
elected  Hulme  Exhibitioner,  I  Feb.,  1744/5  ; 
removed  name  7  Jan.,  1747/8  ;  died  1793. 
DANIKL.  HIPWELL. 


ii  s.  iv.  JULY  29,  Mil.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


99 


0n 


An  Introduction  to  the  Study  of  Local  History 
and  Antiquities.  By  John  E.  Morris  and 
Humphrey  Jordan.  (Boutledge  &  Sons.) 

THIS  book  is  an  outcome  of  the  circular  which 
the  Board  of  Education  issued  in  1908  on  the 
teaching  of  history  in  schools,  but  it  should  be 
welcomed  by  many  people  who  have  long  done 
with  school  life. 

The  instructions  Mr.  Morris  received  "  were  to 
write  a  handy  volume  which  would  give  a  general 
idea  of  local  history,  and  of  antiquities,  so  that 
students  may  have  a  sense  of  proportion  in  com- 
paring the  great  events  of  our  national  life 
with  the  particular  events  in  one  district,  and  that 
in  visiting  a  new  county  they  may  extend  their 
comparisons."  In  this  task  he  has  succeeded, 
though,  as  he  says,  "much  had  to  be  left  out," 
for  three  hundred  and  ninety  pages  cannot  be 
made  to  contain  a  detailed  description  of  local 
history  and  social  development  from  the  days  of 
Palaeolithic  man  onwards. 

Mr.  Morris  begins  his  first  chapter  by  the 
declaration  that  one  may  doubt  whether  it  is 
right  to  start  at  the  Old  Stone  Age  in  such  a  book 
as  this,  but  he  wisely  concludes  that  it  is  well 
to  begin  at  the  beginning.  His  account  of  the 
wild  people  whose  remains  are  found  in  cave  and 
drift  is  necessarily  brief  ;  still  he  succeeds  in 
leaving  the  impression  that  once  they  were  not 
vague  shadows,  but  veritable  men  with  daily 
needs  and  daily  hopes  and  fears,  who  fashioned 
weapons  for  killing  wild  animals,  sheltered  under 
banks  or  in  caves,  and  warmed  themselves  at 
fires  which  they  knew  how  to  kindle. 

The  description  of  Neolithic  life  is,  of  course, 
far  more  elaborate,  and  the  fact  that  the  type  of 
features  which  belonged  to  the  New  Stone  men 
still  survives  in  South  Wales  serves  to  link  the 
distant  world  of  pre-history  with  the  Britain  of 
to-day.  That  the  New  Stone  Age  introduced 
domestic  cattle  should  be  of  interest  to  every  one 
who  knows  anything  of  the  scientific  farming  of 
the  twentieth  century.  "  Cattle-breeding  marks 
a  step  in  civilization,  and  precedes  agriculture. 
The  herdsmen  required  space,  and  found  the 
ranges  of  downs  and  wolds  convenient  ;  and  next 
they  had  to  think  about  defence  and  means  to 
house  the  cattle.  Defence  leads  to  settlement. 
.  .  .  .Agriculture  comes  late,  sheep-breeding  later. 
It  is  doubted  whether  the  Stone  Age  men  ever 
grew  corn  until  the  Bronze  Age  men  came  and 
taught  them."  Twenty  pages  are  devoted  to 
the  Bronze-workers,  their  round  barrows  (which 
superseded  the  long  ones),  their  megaliths,  camps, 
dykes,  and  linches.  The  Iron  Age  before  the 
arrival  of  the  Romans  is  more  briefly  treated,  but 
it  is  shown  that  the  men  of  that  period  regularly 
sowed  and  ploughed,  had  chariots  and  horses, 
used  fine  weapons  and  tools  with  which  they  could 
turn  out  artistic  work,  and  did  not  disdain  the 
arts  of  luxury. 

One  of  the  most  interesting  chapters  of  the 
whole  book  is  that  on  Anglo-Saxon  England,  and 
its  village  life  after  the  sword  of  the  invader  had 
been  beaten  into  a  ploughshare.  "  In  '  Domes- 
day Book'  we  find  that  the  King,  the  King's 
thegns,  and  the  earls  held  between  them  most  of 


the  land  of  England.  This  state  of  affairs  came 
about  because  the  bulk  of  the  population,  prefer- 
ring to  farm  rather  than  to  perform  their  military 
duties  as  free  warriors,  had  lost  the  art  of  war  and 
let  the  Danes  in."  To  such  a  condition  of  things 
the  Norman  overlord,  living  in  a  castle  which 
protected  him  against  his  villagers,  succeeded 
with  less  dislocation  of  the  former  social  deve- 
lopment than  has  been  supposed.  The  food- 
grower  had  already  become  subservient  to  the 
warman  who  undertook  the  risks  of  battle. 

The  result  of  the  struggle  between  William 
the  Conqueror's  descendants  and  Wales  is  de- 
scribed with  the  attention  it  deserves.  The  wars 
between  England  and  Scotland  no  longer  attract 
a  disproportionate  amount  of  attention.  Mr. 
Morris  points  out  that  it  was  the  Welsh 
struggle  which  armed  England  with  the  long- 
bow, destined  to  serve  her  so  well  on  the  battle- 
field :— 

"  The  men  of  Gwent  were  celebrated  for  their 
love  of  liberty  and  for  their  use  of  a  rough  but 
powerful  bow  of  elm-wood  long  before  the  battle 
of  Cre"cy.  Much  trouble  did  they  give  to  the 
Braoses  before  they  were  finally  subdued,  but, 
when  subdued,  were  most  valuable  allies  on  the 
English  side.  Their  bow  was  the  true  long-bow, 
not  drawn  to  the  chest  and  aimed  high  into  the 
a^r,  as  was  the  short  bow  at  Hastings,  but  drawn 
to  the  ear  and,  if  used  at  short  range,  aimed  point, 
blank. . .  .At  the  battle  of  Agincourt  the  English 
archers  carefully  aimed  at  the  mailed  throats  of 
the  Frenchmen,  which  they  were  able  to  pierce. 
Therefore  at  once  after  Agincourt  a  solid  steel  or 
iron  gorget  came  to  be  used."  Notwithstanding 
fully  developed  plate-armour,  however,  England's 
arrow-flight  continued  to  do  good  service  till  the 
;ime  of  the  Tudors. 

Even  with  the  aid  of  photographs,  it  is  difficult 
ay  a  verbal  sketch  to  give  a  correct  impression 
of  the  development  of  churches  and  castles. 
Still,  the  description  of  them  is  adequate. 

Mr.  Jordan's  account  of  domestic  architecture 
affords  a  definite  idea  of  the  gradual  modifications 
undergone  by  the  English  house  from  home  or- 
foreign  influences. 

His  account  of  monastery  life  and  monastic- 
juildings  gives  a  clear  outline  of  what  existence 
must  have  been  like  in  important  abbeys  and 
priories  before  the  Reformation,  though  what  he 
says  suggests — unintentionally  perhaps — that  he 
las  no  very  keen  sympathy  with  cloister  life  hi 
practice,  however  admirable  it  may  be  hi  theory. 

Among  other  chapters  for  which  Mr.  Jordan 
is  responsible  is  one  on  industrial  England.  The 
subject,  with  its  complicated  bearings  on  social 
expansion,  is  one  which  might  well  receive  the 
lonour  of  a  laborious  volume  to  itself.  The 
upgrowth  of  England,  traced  through  the  daily 
employments  of  its  inventors  and  hand-workers 
rom  the  time  the  first  rough  flints  were  shaped 
or  man's  use,  could  not  fail  to  be  interesting. 

A  slight  error  occurs  on  p.  148,  when  the  pro- 
>able  site  of  Brunanburgh  is  under  discussion. 
'  It  is  suggested  that  Athelstan  marched  by- 
Ermine  Street,  crossed  the  Ancholme  by  a  Roman 
;auseway,  and  took  up  his  ground  at  Castlethorpe, 
.hence  advancing  against  the  Danes  at  Burnham." 
Castlethorpe,  however,  lies  west  of  the  river, 
jetween  it  and  Ermine  Street.  Any  commander 
camped  there  would  have  it  in  his  power  to  gain 
possession  of  the  one  point  on  the  Lower  Ancholme- 


100 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       m  s.  iv.  JULY  29, 1911. 


-where  the  swamp  through  which  the  river  found 
its  way,  and  the  stream  itself,  could  be  passed  by 
.an  army.  He  would,  therefore,  be  defending 
North-West  Lindsey  against  invasion  from  the 
Wolds  ;  but  if  intending  to  fight  an  enemy  who 
had  landed  on  the  Lincolnshire  coast  at  or  near 
Barrow-upon-Humber,  he  would  have  to  leave 
€astlethorpe  and  cross  the  water  before  he  could 
give  battle  at  any  point  east  of  the  river  and 
morass. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES.— JULY. 

MESSRS.  BROWNE  &  BROWNE'S  Newcastle-on- 
Tyne  Catalogue  100  contains  two  rare  items  under 
America :  Jeffreys's  '  French  Dominions  in 
North  and  South  America,'  folio,  original  calf, 
16  maps  (should  be  18),  1760,  SI.  ;  and  complete 
:set  of  12  Papers  relating  to  the  Present  Juncture 
.of  Affairs  in  England,  small  4to,  old  calf,  1688-9, 
15Z.  Works  under  Art  include  '  Lawrence,' 
by  Lord  Ronald  Sutherland  Gower  and  Algernon 
.Graves,  large  paper,  Goupil,  51.  ;  '  The  National 
Gallery,'  by  Poynter,  3  vols.,  4to,  10Z.  ;  Champ- 
lin's  '  Cyclopedia  of  Painters,'  4  yols.,  4to,  half- 
morocco,  1888,  31.  10s.  ;  and  Davies's  '  Holbein/ 
folio,  '31.  3s.  Under  Bewick  we  find  '  British 
Land  and  Water  Birds,'  largest  paper,  2  vols., 
.81.  ;  also  '  Quadrupeds,'  1807,  4Z.  A  copy  of 
Boydell's  '  Thames,'  2  vols.,  folio,  original  boards, 
luncut,  1794,  is  14Z.  Under  Burns  is  the  first 
London  edition,  1787,  31.  3s.  There  are  a  number 
,of  curious  Chapbooks.  Under  Chester  is 
Ormerod's  '  History,'  enlarged  by  Helsby,  3  vols., 
iolio,  half -calf,  1882,  5Z.  10s.  Among  the  Cruik- 
;shanks  are  '  Scrags  and  Sketches,'  Parts  1  to  4 
.and  a  duplicate  copy  of  Part  3,  original  wrappers, 
uncut,  rare,  1828-32,  8Z.  ;  and  '  Life  in  London,' 
-calf  by  Riviere,  1822,  5Z.  Under  Defoe  is  the 
first  edition  of  '  The  Farther  Adventures  of  Robin- 
son Crusoe,'  original  calf,  a  tall  and  perfect  copy, 
,8Z.  There  is  a  tall  copy  of  Drayton's  poems, 
1630,  15Z.  Under  Elyot  is  the  first  edition  of 
'  The  Gouernour,'  1531,  2 OZ.  ;  and  under  Heraldry 
,the  first  edition  of  Feme's  '  Blazon  of  Gentrie,' 
4to,  1586,  4Z.  Under  Milton  is  the  second  edition 
of  '  Paradise  Lost,'  and  in  the  same  volume 
'  Paradise  Regained  '  and  '  Samson  Agonistes,' 
first  editions,  1671-4,  20Z.  Under  Montaigne  is 
the  third  edition,  folio,  original  calf,  1632,  8Z. 
Under  Northumberland  is  Hodgson's  '  History,' 
7  vols.,  4to,  original  boards,  with  the  continuation, 
7  vols.,  original  cloth,  in  all  14  vols.,  as  published, 
1827-1904,  30Z.  Under  Shakespeare  is  Pickering's 
beautiful  "  Wreath  Edition,"  11  vols.,  half- 
morocco,  1825,  4Z.  4s. 

Mr.  James  G.  Commin's  Exeter  Catalogue  276 
contains  the  third  portion  of  Dr.  Brushfield's  library. 
A  large  collection  of  works  on  Devonshire  includes 
•Crabbe's  '  Monumental  Brasses  in  the  Churches,' 
folio,  half  morocco,  1859,  author's  copy  with  a  collec- 
tion of  rubbings,  drawings,  &c.,  31.  3s. ;  also  his 
'Account  of  Haccombe  Church,'  1863,  folio,  half- 
morocco,  31.  3s.  There  are  a  number  of  Dictionaries. 
Under  Hepworth  Dixon  are  '  Her  Majesty's  Tower,' 
4  vols.,  half-calf,  16s.,  and  'History  of  Two  Queens,' 
4  vols.,  half-calf,  16*.  The  European  Mayazine, 
65  vols. ,  is  51.  5s.  Under  Folk-lore  are  various  items. 
Under  Gay  is  Stockdale's  edition  of  the  '  Fables,' 
2  vols. ,  imperial  8vo,  russia,  1793, 3/.  10s.  Under  Gems 
js  King's  '  Treatise,'  2  vols.,  royal  8vo,  cloth,  uncut, 


1872,  11.  12s.  There  are  books  on  Ballads,  and  some 
first  editions  of  Ruskin.  Under  Robin  Hood  is 
Ritson's  collection,  with  Bewick's  wood  engravings, 
printed  on  china  paper,  1885,  14s.  Under  Scott  is 
the  original  Library  Edition,  52  vols.,  calf,  8vo, 
Edinburgh,  1819,  12/.  12s.  The  rare  first  edition  of 
Speed's  '  Theatre  of  the  Empire  of  Great  Britaine,' 
2  vols.,  large  folio,  calf,  1611,  is  51.  5s.,  and  a  hand- 
some library  set  of  Thackeray,  24  vols.,  half-calf, 
1869-86,  91.  9s. 

Mr.  J.  Jacobs's  Catalogue  58  contains  a  collec- 
tion of  MSS.,  Maps,  &c.,  relating  to  the  Irish 
estates  of  Viscount  Templetown,  the  price  of  the 
collection  being  15  guineas.  In  one  section  is 
the  actual  household  expenditure,  1772-81, 
including  a  gallon  of  brandy,  6s.  8d. ;  10  chickens 
at  2d.  each  ;  salmon,  2d.  a  pound  ;  and  lamb, 
3d.  a  pound ;  but  a  pound  of  green  tea  cost 
11s.  4£d.  There  is  also  an  excellent  map  of  the 
estate.  Among  works  on  costume  are  Pyne's 
'  British  Costume,'  60  coloured  plates,  folio*,  red 
morocco,  1804,  8Z.  8*.;  and  De  Moleville's 
'  Austrian  Costume,'  text  in  English  and  French, 
folio,  red  morocco,  1804,  5Z.  5s.  Under  Sidney's 
'  Arcadia  '  is  the  ninth  edition,  folio,  1638,  3Z.  3s. 
Under  Bacon  is  the  first  Latin  edition  of  the  Essays, 
1663.  This  is  unknown  to  Brunet.  It  is  a  fine 
copy  in  the  original  vellum,  with  signature  of 
P.  Gonninge,  1663,  and  drawing  of  his  arms, 
1641,  51.  5s.  There  are  first  editions  of  Byron 
bound  in  one  volume,  1813-16,  8  guineas.  These 
include  '  The  Bride  of  Abydos  '  with  the  rare 
errata  slip  (the  only  other  known  copies  with  this 
are  one  in  the  British  Museum  and  a  copy  sold  at 
Sotheby's  for  42Z.  10s.  on  22  July,  1910).  Under 
Diamond  Necklace  is  the  first  edition  of  "  M^moires 
justificatifs  de  la  Comtesse  de  la  Motte.  Im- 
primis a  Londres,  1788,"  2Z.  10s.  Under  Hali- 
burton  is  the  genuine  first  edition  of  '  The  Clock- 
maker,'  Halifax,  1836,  1Z.  10s.  Under  Plutarch 
is  '  Thesaurus  super  Moralia  Opera,'  2  vols.  in  1, 
1577,  3Z.  3s.  This  has  the  rare  autograph  sig- 
nature of  Robertus  Stephanus,  1587,  on  the 
title,  and  has  also  Marion  Crawford's  book-plate. 
Under  Porcelain  is  Burton's  '  English  Porcelain,' 
first  edition,  1902,  5Z.  5s. 

[Notices  of  other  Catalogues  held  over.] 


in 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
ind  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
communications  which,  for  any  reason,  we  do  not 
print,  and  to  this  rule  we  can  make  no  exception. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
ior  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
>f  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  ol 
lisposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "  The  Editor  of  '  Notes  and  Queries  '  "  —  Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub- 
lishers "  —  at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

W.  B.  GERISH  •("  German  Band  foretelling  Rain  "). 
—See  the  discussion  at  8  S.  vi.  28,  114,  215;  xi.  25, 


ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  5,  MIL]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


101 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  AUGUST  5,  1911. 


CONTENTS.-No.  84. 

NOTES  :  — William  Makepeace  Thackeray,  101  —  Gaily 
Knight:  "Ipecacuanha"  in  Verse,  102— Cromwelliana, 
103  —  The  Pope's  Position  at  Holy  Communion  —  Dr. 
Johnson  in  Scotland— William  .Ashby,  Ambassador  to 
Scotland,  105— Celtic  Legend  of  the  Crucifixion-Gounod 

-and  Alphonse  Karr  at  Saint  Raphael — "Terrapin": 
Proposed  Etymology— Early  Printed  Book  in  Suffolk— 
"  Watching  how  the  cat  jumps,"  106. 

QUERIES :— "  The  King's  Turnspit  is  a  Member  of  Parlia- 
ment"—Duke  of  Wellington's  First  School — 'Napoleon 
and  the  English  Sailor '  — Capt.  D.  Mahony :  Capt.  S. 
Kingston,  107  —  Channel  Tunnel  and  Mr.  Gladstone — 
Isaac  Newton— "  Meteor  Flag"— "Blue  Peter":  "Blue 
fish  "  —  Misses  Dennett  —  Shetland  Words  —  Emerson  : 
"  Mr.  Crump's  whim,"  108  —  Authors  of  Quotations 
Wanted— J.  Hook— T.  Hooker— R.  Huck— W.  Hughes— 

.  French  Peasant  Drinking  Song— Cowper  on  Langford— 
"Paint  the  Lion,"  109— " Fives  Court":  Tennis  Court- 
John  Darby=E.  R.  Hart— Regiments  at  Maida— Comte 
de  Pons,  110. 

REPLIES  : -Sir  Nicholas  and  John  Arnold,  110— Charles  I. : 
1  Biblia  Aurea'  —  Princess  Victoria's  Visit  to  the 
Marquis  of  Anglesey — Battle  on  the  Wey — "Castles  in 
Spain" — Authors  of  Quotations  Wanted,  113— Sir  Andrew 
Hacket— "  Swale,"  its  Meanings,  114— Senior  Wranglers 
— Raikes  Centenary — Emerson  and  Heine  in  England — 
Spider  Stories,  115 — Cardinal  Allen's  Arms—"  Scavenger  " 

•  and  "Scavager" — E/  Pugh— Genealogical  Collections — 
Vatican  Frescoes— The  Burning  of  Moscow,  116— "Think 
it  possible  that  you  may  be  wrong"— Drawing  the  Organ 
—'Church  Historians  of  England '— Bullyvant :  Butty  - 
vant— "Nib,"  117  — Sir  Humphrey  Cahoon  —  Guild  of 
Clothiers— Skeat  on  Derivations— "  Make  a  long  arm  "— 
Lush :  Lushington,  118. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS:— 'A  Scots  Dialect  Dictionary'— 
'Gothic  Architecture  in  England  and  France'— 'The 
Cornhill'— ' The  Fortnightly.' 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


WILLIAM  MAKEPEACE   THACKERAY, 

JULY  18TH,  1811-DECEMBER  24TH,  1863. 

(See  ante,  pp.  21,  61.) 

THE  references  to  Thackeray's  broken  nose 
at  the  end  of  my  previous  article  may  be 
supplemented  by  another  account  of  the 
incident.  On  the  front  of  No.  28,  Clerken- 
well  Road — part  of  the  terrace  once  known 
as  Wilderness  Row — is  carved  in  stone  the 
inscription  "Thackeray  lived  here:  1822-24." 
The  house,  which  is  still  Charterhouse 
property,  was  then  inhabited  by  Mr. 
Penny,  a  master  at  the  Charterhouse. 
The  whole  history  of  Thackeray's  life  in 
this  house  is  given  in  an  article  in  The 
Grey  friar  for  April,  1892,  by  the  Rev. 
G.  S.  Davies,  illustrated  by  several  old 
•Carthusians.  Dean  Liddell,  Mr.  Roupell 
(a  monitor  in  Penny's  house  during  Thack- 
eray's residence),  and  many  other  old 


Carthusians  of  Thackeray's  time  were  con- 
sulted. 

It  was  at  Penny's  house  that  occurred 
the  famous  fight  with  Venables  in  which, 
according  to  general  belief,  poor  Thackeray's 
nose  was  broken.  Thackeray  at  the 
Founders'  Day  dinner  in  1862  or  there- 
abouts humorously  and  vigorously  described 
the  "  scrunch  "  which  ended  the  contest. 
Mr.  Roupell  well  remembered  the  fight,  and 
when  asked  for  his  reminiscences  he  wrote  : — 

"It  was  a  wet  half-holiday,  when  a  boy  named 
Gossip  asked  leave  for  Thackeray  and  Venables  to 
fight.  We  wanted  some  amusement,  so  I  let.  them 
tight  it  out  in  Penny's  long  room,  with  the  im- 
portant result  to  Thackeray's  nasal  organ." 

Thackeray's  nose  bled  so  profusely  as  to 
stop  the  fight,  but  he  and  Venables  remained 
friends  for  life.  Thackeray  was  Roupell's  fag. 
Lovers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  feel  a  personal 
interest  in  Thackeray,  for  he  was  one  of  the 
first  great  writers  to  make  reference  to  it 
in  his  pages.  HIPPOCLIDES  calls  attention 
to  this  on  the  4th  of  April,  1903  :— 

"  Thackeray  says  in  a  note  to  '  The  Virginians  ' 
(published  1858-9),  at  the  bottom  of  a  page  in 
chap.  Ixxviii.  :  '  In  the  Warrington  MS.  there  is 
not  a  word  to  say  what  the  "  old  place  "  was. 
Perhaps  some  obliging  reader  of  Notes  and  Queries 
will  be  able  to  inform  me  who  Mrs.  Goodison 
was.— Ed.'  " 

A  visit  paid  by  MB.  JOHN  T.  PAGE  to  Mrs. 
Thackeray's  grave  in  the  cemetery  at  Leigh 
is  described  by  him  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  on  the 
23rd  of  February,  1895  :— 

"  The  grave  is  only  a  few  paces  from  the 
entrance  gates,  on  the  left-hand  side  of  the  centre 
road,  and  consists  of  two  portions  of  ground 
labelled  E  34  and  E  35 .  A  memorial  cross  marks 
the  spot,  and  stands  on  two  receding  blocks. 
The  whole  of  the  design  is  constructed  of  white 
marble,  and  on  the  upper  block,  from  which  the 
shaft  of  the  cross  springs,  is  carved  the  following 
inscription  : — 

To  the  dear  memory  of 

Isabella  Gethen  Thackeray 

Born  1818,  married  1836  to 

William  Makepeace  Thackeray. 

She  died  at  Leigh  Jan.  11, 1894,  aged  76, 

At  the  back  of  the  cross  are  the  words  '  Dominus 

Illuminatio,'  and  in  the  centre  the  letters  '  IHS.'  " 

MR.   PAGE  on  the   5th  of  August,   1899, 

gives  the  following  as  the  inscription  over 

Thackeray's  grave  in  Kensal  Green  : — 

"  William  Makepeace  Thackeray, 

Born  July  18th,  1811, 
Died  December  24th,   1863. 

Anne  Carmichael-Smyth, 
Died  December  18th,  1864,  aged  72, 

His  mother  by  her  first  marriage. 
"  The  grave  is  on  the  south  side  of  the  ceme- 
tery, the  above  simple  inscription  being  carved 
on  a  flat  stone  embosomed  in  a  framework  of 
carefully  trained  ivy." 


102 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        m  s.  iv.  ACG.  5, 1911. 


MR.  HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON  on  the  9th  of 
November,  1901,  in  reference  to  Thackeray's 
early  writings,  gives  a  romance  of  the  sale- 
room mentioned  by  The  Era  of  the  14th  of 
the  previous  September.  The  incident  was 
recalled  by  the  death  of  Mr.  John  Taylor, 
the  Northampton  bookseller.  He  had 
placed  in  his  catalogue  a  copy  of  *  The 
Exquisites,'  pricing  it  at  half-a-crown. 
Not  selling  it,  he  sent  it  to  Sotheby's,  and 
obtained  £58  for  it. 

MR.  RICHARD  H.  THORNTON,  who  was  then 
residing  in  Oregon,  asks  on  the  9th  of  March, 
1901  :  "  Why  was  Thackeray's  drawing  of 
the  Marquis  of  Steyne  suppressed  in  the 
second  and  later  editions  of  '  Vanity  Fair  '  ?  " 
This  brought  a  reply  from  LORD  SHERBORNE, 
which  appeared  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  on  the  30th  of 
March,  and  which  is  so  important  that  I 
reproduce  it  in  full  : — 

"  The  legend  that  the  original  portrait  of 
the  Marquis  of  Steyne  was  withdrawn  because 
Lord  Lansdowne  was  offended  at  the  likeness 
which  it  bore  to  him  (which  it  undoubtedly 
did)  has  already  appeared  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  It 
occurred  to  me  to  refer  the  matter  to  probably 
the  one  person  now  alive  who  could  speak  autho- 
ritatively on  the  subject,  viz.,  my  aunt,  Lady 
Louisa  Howard,  Lord  Lansdowne's  only  daughter. 
Her  answer  is  so  interesting  that  I  think  it  deserves 
to  be  recorded  in  full  in  the  pages  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  : — 
Hazelby,  Newbury,  March  15,  1901. 

DEAR  SHERBORNE, — I  am  sorry  I  did  not  answer 
your  letter  at  once  about  my  father,  as  no  one 
who  knew  my  father  could  have  believed  it  for 
a  moment,  but  I  waited  to  see  if  I  could  recollect 
anything  that  might  have  led-  to  such  an  absurd 
idea.  I  never  myself  met  Thackeray  at  Lans- 
downe House,  or  heard  of  him  there,  but  a  friend  of 
mine  tells  me  she  did  so  several  times  in  his  later 
years,  and  I  feel  sure  the  acquaintance  began  long 
after  '  Vanity  Fair  '  was  published.  My  brother 
lent  us  the  early  numbers  to  read  as  they  came  out, 
but  I  did  not  finish  it  till  the  edition  of  1849— 
which  I  imagine  was  the  first — but  I  never  heard 
a  word  of  any  supposed  likeness  to  my  father 
in  any  of  the  illustrations.  If  any  such  was 
pointed  out  to  him,  he  would  have  only  laughed 
and  taken  no  further  notice,  and  I  am  sure  never 
imagined  that  the  character  of  Lord  Steyne, 
if  he  had  read  it,  could  be  pointed  at  him.  I 
remember  hearing  at  the  time  that  Lord  Hertford 
was  supposed  to  be  suggested  :  certainly  no 
part  of  it  suits  my  father,  except  perhaps  a  taste 
for  pictures  and  the  title. 

I  wonder  who  started  the  idea  in  Notes  and 
Queries,  and  what  it  was  founded  on.  I  have 
been  looking  at  the  illustrations  in  my  copy  of 
'  Vanity  Pair,'  in  hopes  of  seeing  a  likeness  of 
my  father,  which  would  be  curious,  as  in  the 
caricatures  of  the  day  he  was  never  a  real  like- 
ness, only  a  conventional  sort  of  face. 

I  hope  some  one  will  take  up  and  answer  in 
Notes  and  Queries,  but  the  lapse  of  time  reduces 
the  number  of  his  friends  and  contemporaries 
— over  forty  years — since  his  death,  and  I  am 
older  than  he  was.  Your  affectionate  aunt, 

L.  HOWARD. 


"  Thus  it  remains  a  mystery  why  Thackeray 
really  did  withdraw  the  first  woodcut  of  the 
Marquis  of  Steyne.  Perhaps  there  may  be 
some  one  still  alive  who,  on  seeing  this  letter,, 
may  be  able  to  give  the  real  reason." 

This  drew  from  Miss  HENRIETTA  COLE  on- 
May  18th  another  interesting  contribution 
on  the  subject : — 

"  Mrs.  Richmond  Ritchie  sends  me  the  follow- 
ing  : — 

"  '  I  oddly  enough  don't  know  anything  for 
certain  about  this  particular  incident.  Lord 
Steyne  was  certainly  not  Lord  Lansdowne,  for 
whom  my  father  had  a  respect  and  admiration. 
I  suppose  my  father  may  have  been  told  the 
picture  was  like  Lord  Hertford,  and  thought  it 
best  to  suppress  it ;  or  perhaps  the  publishers 
advised  him  to  do  so.  I  remember  hearing  my 
elders  talking  about  it,  but  I  can't  remember 
what  they  said.  The  only  thing  I  know  for 
certain  is  that  it  couldn't  have  had  anything 
to  do  with  Lord  Lansdowne.'  " 

In  Mudge  and  Sears' s  *  Thackeray  Dic- 
tionary' (Routledge  &  Sons,  1910)  it  is 
stated  that  a  full  discussion  of  the  Marquis 
of  Hertford  as  the  original  of  Lord  Steyne 
will  be  found  in  Mr.  G.  S.  Layard's  '  Sup- 
pressed Plates,'  chap.  i. 

MR.  F.  G.  KITTON  having  asked  a  question 
as  to  Thackeray's  moustache,  MR.  EYRE- 
CROWE,  A.R.A.,  replies  on  the  12th  of 
September,  1903  : — 

"As  to  there  being  any  portrait  extant  done 
in  the  year  1855  of  W.  M.  Thackeray,  it  may  be 
pretty  safely  said  that  none  exists.  I  was  with 
the  author  almost  daily  whilst  he  was  writing 
the  '  Newcomes,'  in  the  midsummer  of  that  year, 
in  Paris,  the  last  number  being  dated  28  June» 
He  had  then  no  moustache.  It  is  just  possible 
that  between  that  date  and  mid-October  he  may 
have  grown  one.  He  at  times  dispensed  with  the 
'  barber's  shear,'  when  travelling  about,  to  save 
time  and  trouble.  But  this  very  locomotion 
would  preclude  lengthy  sittings  needed  for  a 
limning.  Ten  years  before  I  made  a  sketch  of 
him  in  fez  and  caftan,  smoking  a  long  cherry- 
stick  pipe.  As  he  had  then  clipped  off  his 
moustaches,  they  were  omitted  ;  but  as  he 
scanned  the  outline,  he  took  the  pencil  in  hand, 
and  added  these  adornments  to  his  upper  lip. 
I  may  add  that  1840  as  a  date  is  only  put  proxi- 
mately  on  Maclise's  drawing  of  him.  It  looks 
much  younger  than  he  appeared  at  that  time  ; 
and  not  then  moustached." 

JOHN  COLLINS  FRANCIS. 
(To  be  concluded.) 


GALLY   KNIGHT: 
"IPECACUANHA"  IN    VERSE, 

IN  '  Erewhon  '  Butler's  '  Life  and  Letters 
of  Samuel  Butler '  (his  grandfather)  are 
some  amusing  things.  I  do  not  know  if  the 
jeu  d 'esprit  of  Gaily  Knight  has  appeared 
in  '  N.  &  Q.'  before.  The  passage  I  give 


us. iv. AUG. 5, mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


10S 


below  is  from  a  letter  by  Sir  Uvedale  Price, 
whose  addition  to  the  verses  is  certainly 
not  of  equal  merit.  The  Baronet  writes 
to  Dr.  Parr  at  a  date  given  by  Butler  as 
"  probably  1820-1824  "  (vol.  ii.  p.  273)  :— 

"  In  the  neighbourhood  of  Sunning  Hill,  where 
I  used  to  be  a  good  deal,  and  very  near  George 
Ellis,  there  was  a  gentleman  who  wrote  little 
erotic  poems  to  Celia  in  an  arbour,  or  to  Chloe 
by  a  fountain,  and  these  namby-pamby  verses 
of  his  he  printed — not  published — in  a  neat 
volume,  each  poem  having  a  page  to  itself  with 
a  large  margin.  He  gave  a  copy  to  Ellis  ;  and 
Gaily  Knight  coming  to  Sunning  Hill,  and  finding 
this  volume  on  Ellis' s  table,  was  much  diverted 
with  the  style  of  the  verses,  and  being  tempted 
by  the  broad  margin  he  wrote  under  one  of  the 
poems  : — 

Coughing  in  a  shady  grove 

Sat  my  Juliana  ; 
Lozenges  I  gave  my  love, 
Ipecacuanha. 

"  The  fourth  line  is  inimitable.  I  thought, 
however,  that  a  sequel  was  wanting,  and,  there 
still  being  room  in  the  margin,  ventured  to  add 
another  stanza  : — 

Full  half  a  score  th'  unwary  maid 

From  out  my  box  did  pick  ; 
Then  turning  tenderly  she  said, 
'  My  Damon,  I  feel  sick.' 

"  I  thought  this  joint  production  of  ours  had 
remained  snug  in  Ellis's  library  ;  but  I  find — 
now  comes  the  Trpfc  &i6w<rov — that  Dr.  Butler 
somehow  got  hold  of  them,  perhaps  without 
knowing  whose  they  were,  and  amused  himself 
with  putting  them  into  Greek  and  Latin  hexa- 
meters and  pentameters,  in  which  language 
ipecacuanha,  being  neither  in  the  Dispensary  of 
Hippocrates  nor  of  Galen,  must  be  '  ignota 
indictaque  primum,'  and  to  suit  the  metre  must 
be  in  regard  to  accent  (i.e.  quantity)  parce  detorta, 
though  not  '  Grceco  fonte.'  " 

Dr.  Butler's  translations  do  not  seem  to 
have  been  preserved,  though  they  might, 
I  think,  have  found  a  place  with  some  of  the 
comic  renderings  in  '  Sabrinse  Corolla.'  In 
these  days  the  original  would  probably 
have  the  further  merit  of  being  suitable  as  an 
advertisement  with  an  illustration  of  the 
coughing  beanty,  who  might  wear  what  is 
significantly  called  a  "  pneumonia  blouse." 

V.  R. 


CROMWELLIANA. 
(See   11  S.  iii  341;    iv.  3.) 

IV.     CROMWELL'S  EFFIGY    AND   ITS    MOCK 
FUNERAL. 

THE  REV.  JOHN  PRESTWICH' s  account  of 
the  ceremonies  after  Cromwell's  death  is 
the  fullest  in  existence.  His  descendant  was 
even  able  to  set  out  the  bills  of  the  drapers 
and  upholsterers,  and  the  whole  account 
adds  many  details  to  those  given  in  the 


official  newsbooks.  Commencing  with  19> 
October,  1658,  the  effigy,  Prestwich  states,, 
was  exposed  to  public  view  at  Somerset 
House,  lying  on  a  bier  or  hearse  surrounded 
with  pillars  and  banners,  between  eight 
silver  candlesticks  five  feet  high,  in  which 
burnt  wax  tapers  three  feet  long.  The 
effigy  was  vested  in  royal  robes,  with  a^ 
sceptre  in  its  hand.  On  a  chair  covered 
with  cloth  of  gold,  at  its  head,  rested  the- 
Imperial  crown.  The  details  are  too  numer- 
ous to  quote,  but  are  confirmed  by  the 
newsbooks.  The  effigy  itself,  Prestwich 
states,  was  "  curiously  made  to  the  life  "  of 
wax,  "  according  to  the  best  skill  of  the  artist 
employed,  viz.  Mr.  Symons."  It  had  "  a 
body  of  wood  carved  by  Mr.  Philips  (being 
carver  to  the  house  and  surveyor)." 

If  we  turn  to  the  accounts  of  Nedham, 
the  following  extracts  contain  all  that  he- 
says  about  Cromwell's  body  : — 

"  This  ensuing  week  the  Corps  of  his  late  high- 
ness is  to  be  exposed  at  Sommerset  House  in 
greater  state,  with  the  representation  of  his  person 
in  effigie  and  other  ceremonies  of  honor  and 
magnificence  answerable  to  the  greatness  and 
memory  of  so  great  a  Prince." — The  Publick 
Intelligencer,  4-11  Oct.,  1658. 

"  On  Monday  the  18th  instant  the  representa- 
tion of  the  person  of  his  late  highness  in  effigie- 
will  be  exposed  to  publick  view  at  Sommerset 
House  upon  a  bed  of  state  vested  with  his  robe 
of  estate,  a  scepter  placed  in  one  hand,  a  Globe 
in  the  other,  and  a  Crown  on  the  head,  after  the 
antient  and  most  becoming  ceremony  of  the- 
preceding  Princes  of  this  nation  upon  the  like 
occasion."— The  Publick  Intelligencer,  11-18  Oct.* 
1658. 

In  Mcrcurius  Politicus  for  14-21  October 
he  tells  his  readers  that  the  "  funeral  day  >r 
is  "  appointed  to  be  on  the  ninth  of  Novem- 
ber next "  ;  the  last  and  solitary  allu'sion 
to  Cromwell's  body  being  a  reference  to 
"  the  fourth  room  where  both  the  body  and' 
the  effigies  lie."  Had  it  been  there,  it 
should  have  been  underneath  the  effigy. 
Clearly  it  was  •  not.  The  Publick  Intelli- 
gencer for  1-8  November  states  that  the 
funeral  was  postponed  ;  Mercnrius  Politicus 
for  11-18  November  finally  fixing  it  for 
23  November,  adding  : — 

"  The  effigies  remains  in  Sommerset  House 
standing  upon  an  ascent  under  a  rich  cloth  of 
estate. ..  .All  other  things  are  preparing;  as, 
the  erection  of  rails  along  the  Strand  down  to 
Westminster  for  the  better  conveniency  of 
passage,  the  adorning  of  the  Abbey  church  and 
the  compleating  of  that  noble  and  magnificent 
structure  which  is  raised  in  the  East  end  of  the 
church,  where  a  bed  of  state  is  prepared  to  receive 
the  effigies  ;  it  being  to  be  placed  thereon  to  be 
afterwards  exposed  for  a  certain  time  to  the- 
publick  view." 


104 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  5,  ion. 


The  "  standing  in  state"  and  the  delay  are 
explained  by  the  removal  of  the  "  bed  of 
state "  to  the  Abbey.  This  exhibition 
excited  the  wrath  of  the  Puritans  to  such 
an  extent  that,  as  Ludlow  says,  mud  was 
thrown  on  the  escutcheon  placed  outside 
Somerset  House. 

On  23  November  :— 

"  The  effigies  of  his  highness  standing  under 
a  rich  cloth  of  state,  having  been  beheld  by 
those  persons  of  honour  and  quality  which  came 
to  attend  it,  was  afterwards  removed  and  placed 
upon  a  herse  richly  adorned  and  set  forth  with 
-escutcheons  and  other  ornaments,  the  effigies 
itself  being  vested  with  Royal  robes,  a  scepter  ha 
one  hand,  a  clobe  in  the  other,  and  a  Crown  on  the 
head.  After  it  had  been  a  while  thus  placed  in 
the  middle  of  the  room,  when  the  time  came  that 
it  was  to  be  removed  into  the  carriage,  it  was 
carried  on  the  herse  by  ten  of  the  gentlemen  of  his 
highness  forth  into  the  Court,  where  a  canopy 
-of  state  very  rich  ivas  borne  over  it  by  six  other 
gentlemen  of  his  highness  till  it  was  brought  and 
•piaffed  on  the  carriage." — Mercurius  Politicus, 
'18-25  Nov.,  1658. 

There  is  no  mention  of  Cromwell's  body  in 
"this  account  of  the  procession,  and  the 
state  of  mind  of  the  Puritans  themselves 
about  this  display  may  be  seen  from  a 
tract  (by  Edward  Burrough,  the  Quaker) 
entitled  "  A  testimony  against  a  great 
idolatry  committed.  And  a  true  mourning 
of  the  Lords  servant  upon  the  many  con- 
siderations of  his  heart  upon  that  occasion 
of  the  great  stir  about  an  image  made  and 
carryed  from  one  place  to  another,  happen- 
ing the  23  day  of  the  ninth  month.  By 
E.  B."  This  tract  states  :— 

"  Certainly  all  the  people  in  the  nation  that 
fear  God  will  be  offended  and  judge  in  their  hearts 
such  work — the  framing  of  an  image,  and  sound- 
ing trumpets  and  beating  drums  before  it,  and 
clothing  horses  in  mourning,  and  trayling  their 
-pikes,  and  even  the  very  honourable  of  the  nation 
-clad  in  mourning  and  following  the  image. 
And  all  this  stir  and  cost  and  preparation  for 
many  weeks  beforehand,  and  such  decking  in 
mourning  attire  of  great  and  noble  men,  and  all 
"but  to  accompany  an  image  from  one  place  to 
another.  Whereby  people  are  deceived  who 
might  look  upon  it  to  be  the  burial  of  Oliver 
-protector,  when  as  it  was  but  an  image  made 
by  hands  and  decked  and  trimmed  in  a  vain 
manner  as  if  it  had  been  some  poppet  play,  which 
if  it  had  been  indeed  his  bones  they  had  accom- 
panied to  the  grave  in  such  a  manner,  that  had 
been  Jess  condemnable,  and  T  should  not  have 
had  aught  against  it,  but  for  the  wise  men  in  the 
nation  to  be  chiefe  in  these  things  and  to  exercise 
themselves  in  such  folly  and  vanity,  this  grieves 
the  righteous  soul." 

When  the  image  was  carried  into  the 
Abbey,  the  car  underwent  a  public  insult 
which  the  newsbooks  do  not  record.  What 
-was  known  as  a  "  Majesty  scutcheon  "  was 


displayed  on  the  car  over  the  image  ;  that 
is  to  say,  a  white  satin  banner  exhibiting 
Cromwell's  arms,  with  the  royal  crown  of 
England  emblazoned  over  them.  In  imita- 
tion of  the  custom  at  royal  funerals  the  boys 
of  Westminster  School  had  been  drawn  up 
at  the  entrance  to  the  Abbey.  One  of  them, 
afterwards  the  Rev.  Robert  Uvedale,  LL.D., 
rushed  forward,  tore  the  offending  banner 
from  its  place,  and,  aided  by  the  evening 
gloom,  safely  beat  his  retreat  with  his 
booty.  Dr.  TJvedale  afterwards  had  the 
banner  framed,  with  a  long  Latin  inscrip- 
tion on  its  back,  which  is  set  out  in  The 
Gentleman's  Magazine  for  1792,  p.  114. 
There  is  an  illustration  of  this  banner  with 
its  further  history  in  Lady  F.  P.  Verney's 
'  Memoirs  of  the  Verney  Family  during  the 
Civil  War  '  (vol.  iii.  p.  424). 

The  Commonwealth  Mercury,  cited  by 
Dean  Stanley  in  his  '  Memorials  of  West- 
minster Abbey  '  when  describing  this  funeral, 
should  be  dismissed.  It  is  a  clumsy  modern 
forgery,  condemned  by  its  very  title. 

In  the  Abbey,  when  the  imagte  was  placed 
on  the  bed  of  state,  there  were  no  prayers, 
sermon,  or  funeral  oration,  says  the  French 
ambassador,  M.  de  Bordeaux  (Guizot's 
'  Richard  Cromwell,'  vol.  i.  p.  268).  Candles 
had  been  forgotten,  so  after  the  trumpets 
had  sounded  a  while,  every  one  went  home 
in  no  particular  order. 

The  image  remained  on  the  site  of  the 
high  altar  until  Cromwell's  monument  was 
completed.  A  pamphlet  entitled  '  Eighteen 
New  Court  Queries  '  (26  May,  1659)  includes 
the  following  inquiries  on  the  subject : — 

"  Whether  the  old  protector's  cradles  stand- 
ing in  Westminster  Abbey  in  the  same  place 
where  the  High  Altar ;  or,  Communion  table, 
formerly  stood  is  not  the  setting  up  of  one  super- 
stition where  another  superstition  (as  'twas 
termed)  was  pull'd  down.  And  whether  the 
effigies  while  it  was  there  might  not  be  call'd, 
without  any  abuse  of  Scripture,  the  abomina- 
tion of  desolation  in  the  Holy  Place  ?  " 

Cromwell's  monument  was  erected  in 
Henry  VII. 's  Chapel,  and  was,  no  doubt,  the 
cause  of  the  mutilation  of  the  chapels  to  the 
extreme  east.  There  appears  to  be  no 
engraving  of  it  extant,  probably  because  it 
was  destroyed  almost  as  soon  as  it  was 
completed.  An  engraving  of  Cromwell's 
image,  standing  under  a  canopy  surrounded 
by  numerous  lighted  tapers,  is  prefixed  to  a 
small  octavo  tract  entitled  "  The  Pour- 
raiture  of  his  Royal  Highness  Oliver,  late 
Lord  Protector,  &c.,  in  his  life  and  death. 
With  a  short  view  of  his  government,  as  also 
a  description  of  his  standing  and  lying  in 


ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  5,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


105 


state  at  Sommerset  House,  and  the  manner 
of  his  funeral  solemnity  on  Tuesday,  Novem- 
ber 23,"  printed  by  T.  N.  for  Edward 
Thomas,  1659  (British  Museum,  press-mark 
1093,  c.  51).  The  illustration  justifies  the 
description  of  the  image  as  an  "  idol."  The 
same  tract  was  also  published  as  a  broadside 
by  the  same  publisher  in  1658,  with  five  other 
engravings  and  a  portrait.  One  of  these 
engravings  depicts  the  lying  in  state  of  the 
image,  and  another  shows  it  in  the  car  on  its 
way  to  the  Abbey.  The  title  of  the  broad- 
side is  "A  brief  chronology  of  the  most 
remarkable  passages  and  transactions,"  &c. 
(British  Museum,  press-mark  816.  m.  1.  (92).). 

J.  B.  WILLIAMS. 
(To  be  continued). 


THE  POPE'S  POSITION  AT  HOLY  COM- 
MUNION.— At  p.  81  of  the  third  edition  of  my 
*  Parochial  Ecclesiastical  Law  of  Scotland  ' 
(1901)  I  quoted  from  Shepherd's  '  Critical 
and  Practical  Elucidation  of  the  Book  of 
Common  Prayer,'  vol.  ii.  p.  219,  "  It  is  the 
singular  privilege  of  the  Pope,  when  he 
performs  the  office  of  consecration,  to  com- 
municate sitting,"  and  I  added  this  com- 
ment : — 

"  The  writer  has  not  been  able  to  find  corrobora- 
tion  of  this  statement,  but  it  is  believed  that  it 
either  does,  or  did,  record  a  fact  indicative  of  the 
adherence  to  primitive  usage,  which  is  often  found 
imbedded  in  the  kernel  of  Roman  ceremonial." 

My  book  has  recently  been  read  in  Rome 
by  a  very  distinguished  Roman  ecclesiastic, 
who  has  been  good  enough  to  write  to  me 
as  follows  : — 

"Rome,  20  June,  1911 

"  Referring  to  note  1,  p.  81,  the  Holy  Father,  not 
at  low  Mass,  when  he  frequently  distributes  Holy 
Communion  to  those  who  may  be  privileged  to 
assist,  but  at  a  Great  Papal  Mass  in  St.  Peter's, 
when  he  only  communicates  along  with  the  deacon 
of  the  Mass,  receives  sitting,  not  at  the  altar,  but 
sitting  on  the  throne  which  is  placed  in  front  of  the 
Altar  of  the  Chair,  at  the  extremity  of  the  apse, 
and  therefore  at  a  considerable  distance  from  the 
altar  at  which  he  consecrates.  I  need  not  add  that 
I  speak  from  personal  observation,  having  seen  this 
over  and  over  again." 

It  will  be  observed  that  Shepherd  is  not 
wrong  as  to  the  fact,  but  the  inference  which 
might  be  made  as  to  the  Pope  sitting  at 
the  altar  of  consecration  would  be  incorrect. 

WILLIAM  GEORGE  BLACK. 
Ramoyle,  Dowanhill,  Glasgow. 

DR.  JOHNSON  IN  SCOTLAND. — I  have  not 
met  this  highly  characteristic  anecdote  of 
the  great  lexicographer  in  any  other  book 
than  the  one  I  quote  from,  so  it  may  be  new 


to  others  also.  It  is  mentioned  by  a  cele- 
brated Scotsman,  and  comes  well  accredited. 
When  Dr.  Chalmers  was  staying  at  Earlham 
in  Norfolk,  the  seat  of  Mr.  Joseph  John 
Gurney,  in  1833,  he  mentioned  this  caustic- 
specimen  of  Johnsonian  anti  -  Scottish 
humour  : — 

"When  Johnson  was  at  St.  Andrews,  the  pro- 
fessors invited  him  to  a  sumptuous  entertainment. 
Johnson  ate  his  dinner  in  silence,  and  all  seemeot 
awed  by  the  presence  of  the  mighty  stranger.  At 
length,  in  the  hope  of  banishing  the  awkwardness 
of  this  ill-timed  solemnity,  one  of  the  professors7 
exclaimed,  '  Dr.  Johnson,  I  hope  you  have  made  a 
good  dinner.'  'Sir,'  replied  Johnson,  'I  did  not 
come  into  Scotland  to  be  entertained  with  good! 
dinners,  but  to  see  savage  men  and  savage  manners, 
and  I  have  not  been  disappointed.'  This  surely" 
was  the  speech  of  a  far  greater  barbarian  than  any 
whom  he  was  addressing."  —  '  Memoirs  of  Bishop- 
Bathurst,'  by  Mrs.  Thistlethwayte,  1853,  p.  508. 

D.    J.. 

WILLIAM  ASHBY,  AMBASSADOR  TO  SCOT- 
LAND 1588-90. — Ashby  was  dispatched  to 
Scotland  in  June,  1588,  as  resident 
ambassador  there.  A  brief  biographical 
notice  of  him  appears  in  Cooper's  '  Ath, 
Cantab.,'  II.  79-80,  where  it  is  stated1 
that  "  his  death  occurred  in  Jan.,  1589/90;. 
on  his  return  from  his  embassy,  as  there 
is  a  letter  from  him  to  Lord  Burghley 
dated  Morpeth  on  the  9th  of  that  month." 
He,  however,  did  not  die  at  that  particular 
date.  The  will  of  William  Ashby  (no- 
description),  signed  22  Dec.,  1593,  he  being 
then  "  weak  of  body,"  was  proved  six  days 
later,  on  28  Dec.,  1593.  After  bequests 
to  cousin  William  Ashby  and  to  William 
Ashby,  son  of  said  William,  and  to  cousins 
George  Ashby  of  Quenby  and  Ursula 
Ashby,  he  appoints  Robert  Naunton,  "  my 
sister's  son,"  residuary  legatee  and  executor. 

There  appear  to  have  been  several 
William  Ashbys  flourishing  at  the  period,, 
but  the  mention  of  the  "  sister's  son  'r 
Robert  Naunton  —  afterwards  the  well- 
known  Secretary  of  State — fixes  the  identity 
of  the  testator  as  the  ambassador.  It  is 
obvious,  therefore,  that  Ashby  retired  from 
his  ambassadorship  (probably  through  ill- 
ness) in  January,  1590,  returned  home,  and 
died  about  three  years  afterwards,  in 
December,  1593.  He  was  M.P.  for  Grantham. 
in  the  Parliament  of  1586-7. 

Another  William  Ashby  represented' 
Chichester  in  1593-7.  Like  his  namesake^- 
he  was  employed  in  the  affairs  of  Scotland, 
though  on  minor  service  only.  I  am  unable- 
definitely  to  establish  the  cousinship  between, 
him  and  the  ambassador. 

W.   D.  PINK.. 


106 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  5, 1911. 


CELTIC  LEGEND   OF  THE  CRUCIFIXION. — 

'The    following    extract    from    Mr.    George 

Henderson's   recently   published    '  Survivals 

in  Belief  among  the  Celts  '  seems  worth  a 

corner  in  *  N.  &  Q.'  : — 

"It  is  not  right  for  a  worn  an  to  try  and  kindle 
the  fire  by  fanning  it  with  the  skirt  of  her  dress. 
The  reason  is  that  when  our  Lord  was  going  to  be 
nailed  to  the  Cross,  and  the  nails  were  being  got 
ready,  the  smith's  bellows  refused  to  work,  and  the 
smith's  daughter  fanned  the  fire  with  her  skirt." 

HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 
-39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennington  Lane. 

CHARLES  GOUNOD  AND  ALPHONSE  KARR 
AT  SAINT  RAPHAEL. — Outside  the  little 
town  of  Saint  Raphael  (Var),  on  the  road 
near  the  sea  going  eastwards,  is  a  picturesque 
villa  called  "  Oustalet  dou  Capelan."  On 
the  dexter  gatepost  is  a  marble  tablet  with 
the  following  inscription  in  capital  letters 
(no  accents)  : — 

L'illustre  maitre  Ch.  Gounod 

composa  Romeo  et  Juliette 

a  1'Oustalet  dou  Capelan 

an  prin temps  de  1866 

Underneath,  written  in  black  pencil  or  char- 
coal on  the  plaster,  one  reads  : — 

JTic  Divum  Romeo  Scripsit  Gounod  meus  anno  1866 
Ingenio  haud  amicitia  impar 

C.  J.  Barbier 

These    written    lines    have    been    carefully 
covered  with  a  piece  of  glass. 

On  the  other  gatepost  is  the  following  in 
-capital  letters,  with  most  or  all  of  the  accents: 

Le  pere  Lebonnard 
repre"sente  a  la  Comedie  Fran^aise 

le  4  Aout  1904 
lu  chez  Alphonse  Karr  a  Maison-close 

le  26  Avril  1886 
fut  ecrit  en  1885  a  1'Oustalet 

This  is,  I  think,  engraved  on  white  marble, 
Tvhere  also  appears  the  name  of  the  house 
engraved  in  writing  letters. 

The  house  called  Maison-close,  where 
Alphonse  Karr  lived,  is  a  few  yards  further 
east,  on  the  other — the  land — side  of  the 
road.  On  the  same  road,  but  in  or  on  the 
•edge  of  the  town,  is  his  monument,  a  big 
bronze  head  or  bust  on  a  tall  rough- 
hewn  stone  pedestal. 

ROBERT    PIERPOINT. 

"  TERRAPIN  "  :  A  PROPOSED  ETYMOLOGY. 
— Writing  of  the  derivation  of  this  word 
at  10  S.  vi.  185,  the  late  JAMES  PLATT 
observed  :  "  The  real  difficulty  is  to  account 
for  the  modern  form  of  the  word  with 
final  -in."  '  The  Cent.  Diet.'  cites  terapin, 
terrapene,  and  turpin  as  former  variants  ; 
^nd  these  are  generally  supposed  by  American 


philologists  to  have  produced  the  modern 
word  from  the  Algonquin  forms  turebe, 
tulpe,  and  the  like,  by  some  hitherto  un- 
explained philological  process. 

What  happened  I  believe  was  this : 
the  Spanish  conquerors  of  the  New  World, 
hearing  the  American  species  of  coast  and 
land  turtle  denominated  turube  and  torope, 
and  noting  the  creature's  panoplied  appear- 
ance when  in  a  quiescent  state,  likened 
that  slow-moving,  but  sagacious  reptile, 
whose  flesh  they  soon  learned  to  appreciate, 
to  the  new  military  construction  or  fortified 
mound  known  as  terre-plein  (Lat.  terra  -f 
planus),  which  according  to  Littre  was  first 
adopted  in  the  sixteenth  century,  and 
proceeded  to  mould  or  model  the  barbaric 
root  into  the  Spanish  terraplen,  which 
through  familiar  usage  soon  discarded  the 
letter  I.  Compare  the  origin  of  the  name 
"  canvasback  duck."  Otherwise  it  seems 
hardly  conceivable  that  from  such  barren 
sources  as  those  the  Algonquin  language 
supplies,  a  word  of  such  finished  and  ex- 
quisite development  as  terrapin  could  have 
actually  been  fashioned.  N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

EARLY  PRINTED  BOOK  IN  SUFFOLK. — 
Recently  I  came  across  in  a  will  a  paragraph 
which  seems  to  deserve  a  corner  in  '  N.  &  Q.,' 
and  forms  a  suitable  addition  to  the  note 
on  '  Books  in  Wills  '  at  11  S.  i.  383. 

John  Apsley  of  Thackham,  Suffolk,  by 
will  dated  14  May,  1507,  leaves  to  the  parish 
church  of  Thackham  "  a  mass  book  emprin- 
ted  the  which  they  have,  and  a  fayre  grayle 
the  which  my  fader  did  make.  [30  Adeane]." 
It  would  be  presumptuous  for  me  to  indulge 
in  a  history  of  printing,  but  this  seems  an 
early  specimen.  I  have  consulted  Arbuth- 
not,  '  Mysteries  of  Chronology,'  p.  34,  also 
Putnam,  '  Books  and  their  Makers  in  the 
Middle  Ages,'  vol.  i.  pp.  369,  373,  380, 
389,  which  enable  me  to  make  a  few  con- 
jectures ;  but  beyond  conjecture  I  cannot 
go.  However,  whether  the  Missal  was 
printed  abroad  or  in  England,  it  was  an 
early  example.  A.  RHODES. 

"  WATCHING  HOW  THE  CAT  JUMPS." 
(See  7  S.  xi.  448  ;  xii.  51,  154.)— Compare 
with  this  a  line  in  '  The  Tale  of  the 
Basyn,'  Hazlitt's  '  Early  Popular  Poetry,' 
iii.  45  :— 

Eche  tau3t   hym  euer  among,  how  the  katte  did 
snese. 

RICHARD  H.  THORNTON. 
36,  Upper  Bedford  Place,  W.C. 


ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  5,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


107 


WE  must  request  corresp9ndents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


"  THE  KING'S  TURNSPIT  is  A  MEMBER  OF 
PARLIAMENT." — Noting  the  telling  phrase  of 
Edmund  Burke  (four  times  repeated)  in  his 
great  speech  on  Economical  Reform  delivered 
on  11  February,  1780,  as  to  the  difficulty 
of  getting  reforms  carried  out  "  because 
the  turnspit  in  the  King's  kitchen  was  a 
Member  of  Parliament,"  I  looked  up  the 
origin  of  this  phrase  in  a  speech  made  on 
the  16th  of  April,  1777,  by  Earl  Talbot, 
then  Lord  Steward  of  the  Household. 
Lord  Talbot  was  on  that  occasion  referring 
to  his  attempted  reform  of  putting  some  of 
the  Ptoyal  Household  on  board  wages,  and 
said  : — 

"I  can  better  explain  my  meaning  by  adverting  to 
a  single  circumstance,  which  will  show  how  difficult 
it  is  to  reform  the  menial  servants  of  His  Majesty's 
household,  when  the  profits  are  enjoyed  by  persons 
of  a  certain  rank  and  service  employed  by  another. 
The  fact  I  allude  to  is,  that  one  of  the  turnspits  in 
His  Majesty's  Kitchen  was,  and  I  believe  still  is,  a 
member  of  the  other  House.  The  poor  man  who 
had  performed  the  duty  had  £5  a  year  for  his 
trouble."—'  Parliamentary  Register,  1777,'  p.  79. 

If  there,  is  any  summary  account  in  print 
of  the  nature  and  profits  of  the  various 
sinecure  offices  in  the  gift  of  the  Govern- 
ment of  the  day  in  the  reign  of  George  III., 
I  shall  be  obliged  by  a  reference  to  it. 

ERNEST  CLARKE. 
31,  Tavistock  Square,  W.C. 

THE  DUKE  OF  WELLINGTON'S  FIRST 
SCHOOL.— Where  did  "  Arthur  Wesley " 
{as  the  future  duke  spelt  his  name  till  1798) 
first  go  to  school  ?  Sir  Herbert  Maxwell 
in  his  '  Life  of  Wellington,'  vol.  i.  p.  4  (1900), 
states  that  he  was  sent  first,  "it  is  believed, 
to  a  private  school  at  Chelsea,  whence  he 
went  to  Eton."  The  statement  accords 
with  that  in  some  other  biographies,  and 
also  with  the  '  D.N.B.'  But  scarce  as  the 
records  of  the  Duke's  boyhood  may  be,  it 
is  perhaps  a  question  whether  something 
further  could  not  have  been  ascertained  about 
it  and  related  with  interest. 

Dean  Butler,  who  for  43  years  (1819-62) 
was  Vicar  of  Trim,  co.  Meath,  mentions  in 
his  '  Trim  Castle  '  (fourth  edition,  1861, 
p.  60)  that  a  house  called  "  Talbot's  Castle  " 
in  Trim  "  was  the  place  of  the  early  educa- 
tion of  the  Duke  of  Wellington,"  and  on  the 


next  page  he  relates  the  following  anecdote 
of  him  : — 

"  When  he  was  at  school  in  Trim  he  must  have 
been  a  very  little  boy,  for  one  of  his  schoolfellows 
told  me  that  when  Crosbie — afterwards  Sir  Edward, 
of  balloon  notoriety — had  climbed  to  the  top  of  the 
Yellow  Steeple,  and  had  thrown  down  his  will, 
disposing  of  his  game  cocks  and  other  boyish 
valuables  in  case  he  should  be  killed  in  coming 
down,  the  future  Iron  Duke  began  to  cry  when  he 
found  that  nothing  had  been  left  to  him." 

The  story  appears  authentic  and  circum- 
stantial, and  is  supported  by  local  tradition, 
which  seems  to  have  always  unhesitatingly 
held  that  the  Duke  was  first  educated  at 
that  school.  That  his  eldest  brother,  the 
Marquess  Wellesley,  began  his  education  at 
a  private  school  in  Trim  is  stated  in  the 
'  D.N.B.'  He  was  born  in  1760,  the  Duke 
in  1769,  and  it  is,  perhaps,  just  possible 
(though  the  suggestion  is  prompted  merely  by 
a  desire  to  sift  out  the  truth  of  the  matter) 
that  the  story  related  above  should  refer 
to  the  elder  brother,  Richard  Wesley  or 
Wellesley.  Edward  Crosbie  w.ould  seem, 
at  least,  to  have  been  nearer  the  age  of 
Richard  than  Arthur  Wesley,  if  he  made 
his  first  balloon  ascent  on  19  January, 
1785,  as  stated  in  '  The  Encyclopaedia 
Britannica  '  under  '  Aeronautics.' 

But  however  that  may  be,  Dean  Butler's 
story  and  the  long-standing  local  tradition 
supply  good  ground  for  the  belief  that 
"  A.  Wesley,"  like  his  eldest  brother,  began 
his  education  at  the  same  private  school 
in  Trim.  Can  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
further  elucidate  this  matter  ? 

R.  E.  E.  CHAMBERS. 

CAMPBELL'S  *  NAPOLEON  AND  THE  ENG- 
LISH SAILOR.' — Most  of  those  who  have  read 
Campbell's  poems  will  remember  a  small 
one  under  the  above  title.  The  author, 
I  believe,  says  he  got  the  story  from  both 
an  English  and  a  French  source.  But  is 
there  any  satisfactory  evidence  of  its  truth  ? 

W.   T.   LYNN. 

Blackheath. 

CAPT.  DENNIS  MAHONY  :  CAPT.  STRICK- 
LAND KINGSTON. — Can  any  of  your  readers 
inform  me  whether  the  Capt.  Mahony 
who  wrote  '  On  Singhala  or  Ceylon,  and  the 
Doctrines  of  Buddha  from  the  Books  of  the 
Singhalais,'  in  '  Asiatic  Researches,'  vol.  viii. 
(1801),  was  the  Capt.  Dennis  Mahony  of 
the  1st  Regiment,  Native  Infantry,  who  died 
on  13  December,  1813,  at  Broach  (East 
India  Register)  ? 

To  what  corps  did  Capt.  Strickland  Kings- 
ton, who  was  Paymaster  and  Commissary  of 


108 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  5,  wn. 


Provisions  at  Trincomalee,  from  March,  1796, 
to  July,  1797,  belong,  and  what  was  his  sub- 
sequent career  ?  PENRY  LEWIS. 

CHANNEL  TUNNEL  AND  MR.  GLADSTONE. 
— I  shall  be  glad  if  some  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
will  give  me  the  words  of  some  amusing 
verses,  which  appeared,  I  think,  in  The 
St.  James's  Gazette,  commencing  : — 

0,  Willie  has  gone  to  the  Parliament  House, 
To  the  Parliament  House,  and  has  entered  in 

To  vote  for  the  Bill  of  the  bold  Watkin. 

CAMPBELL  LOCK. 
Ashknowle,  Whitwell,  Ventnor. 

ISAAC  NEWTON  AND  HIS  NAMESAKE. — 
Is  it  possible  to  establish  any  connexion, 
however  remote,  between  the  famous 
natural  philosopher  and  the  namesake  who 
was  a  vestryman  in  the  parish  of  SS.  Anne 
and  Agnes,  London,  circa  1604-14  ?  The 
latter  was  by  occupation  or  company  a 
barber-surgeon.  WILLIAM  MCMURRAY. 

"  METEOR  FLAG." — I  should  be  glad  to 
know  the  origin  of  the  poetic  description 
of  the  Union  Jack  as  the  "Meteor  Flag." 
I  believe  the  term  was  suggested  by  its 
brilliant  and  rapid  progress  under  Nelson. 
Who  was  the  author  of  the  expression  ? 

H.  E.  M. 

["The  meteor  flag  of  England"  is  from  Camp- 
bell's stirring  poem  'Ye  Mariners  of  England.'] 

"BLUE    PETER":        "BLUE      FISH."  - 

Webster  says  of  the  former  :  "  Blue  flag 
with  a  white  square  in  the  centre,  used  as 
a  signal  for  sailing,  &c.  It  is  a  corruption 
of  blue  repeater,  one  of  the  British  signal 
flags."  But  why  should  it  be  called  a 
repeater  ?  When  and  why  was  it  called 
Peter  ? 

Is  it  the  same  as  the  "  blue  fish  "  of  a  song 
which  I  heard  forty  years  ago  ? 

The  lobster's  in  the  lobster-pot, 

And  the  blue  tish  is  on  the  hook  : 

For  the  ship  is  ready  and  the  wind  is  fair, 

And  I  must  go  to  sea,  Mary  Ann. 

The  first  line  might  refer  to  soldiers  or 
marines  on  board  a  transport.  H.  B. 

[For  Blue  Peter  see  7  S.  iii.  477  ;  iv.  116,  237,  355.] 

MISSES  DENNETT. — I  am  glad  to  have 
MR.  DOUGLAS'S  scrap  of  information  about 
John  Gallot  (ante,  p.  35),  as  it  is  possible 
he  may  be  able  to  tell  us  something  about 
the  Misses  Dennett  (see  reply  on  Grimaldi, 
ante,  p.  95).  They  were  three  dancers. 
The  first  representations  I  have  of  them  are 
in  West's  juvenile  theatre  characters  in 
*  The  Broken  Sword '  (Co vent  Garden, 


7  Oct.,  1816).  They  are  drawn  by  William 
Blake.  An  original  drawing  of  the  first 
plate  is  in  the  Print-Room,  British  Museum, 
in  West's  juvenile  or  "  Toy  theatre  prints," 
vol.  i.  p.  29.  In  plate  2,  dated  4  Nov. 
1816,  all  three  are  beautifully  and  elegantly 
represented  in  '  Miss  Dennett's  Waltz.' 
The  same  year  they  appeared  in  the  panto- 
mime ;  and  the  next  year  in  '  Harlequin 
Gulliver'  ('The  Theatrical  Inquisitor,'  vol.  xii. 
p.  56).  The  next  and  last  note  I  have  of 
them  is  at  Covent  Garden  Theatre  in  the 
pantomime  of  '  Mother  Bunch,  or  the  Yellow 
Dwarf,'  26  Dec.,  1822,  when  Miss  E.  Dennett 
was  columbine. 

I  have  a  "  theatrical  portrait,"  published 
by  Fairburn  [1821  ?],  price  one  penny 
plain,  of  Miss  E.  Dennett  as  Undine. 
'Undine,  or  the  Spirit  of  the  Waters,'  was 
produced  at  Covent  Garden,  23  April,  1821. 
RALPH  THOMAS. 

SHETLAND  WORDS.  —  The  Rev.  John 
Bonar,  minister  of  Fetlar,  kept  an  account- 
book  of  the  tithes  payable  to  him  in  1732-5 
(Old-lore  Miscellany,  vol.  iv.  p.  121,  Viking 
Club),  in  which,  besides  tithes,  various 
articles  are  entered  as  supplied  to  and  by 
him,  among  which  occur  the  following, 
regarding  which  I  should  be  glad  of  any  in- 
formation : — 

"  Cave  glass  waters  containing  l£  pint  '* 
(Scotch).  In  '  E.D.D.,'  on  the  authority 
of  one  correspondent  in  Shetland,  a  cave 
glass  is  described  as  "  a  square-shouldered 
bottle  generally  used  for  gin."  "  Waters  " 
I  suppose  to  be  gin,  brandy  being  also 
mentioned,  the  relative  price  being  "waters  " 
at  15s.  and  Is.  4rf.,  and  brandy  at  26s.  8rf. 
and  2s.  6d.,  per  anker  and  per  cave  glass 
respectively.  "Waters"  is  not  mentioned 
in  any  glossary  as  a  name  for  gin. 

"  Three  shift  weaving "  at  Id.  per  ell, 
and  "  stuff  weaving  "  at  2d.  per  ell. 

A  Bible  printed  by  Basket,  2s.  Qd.  Who 
was  he  ?  A.  W.  JOHNSTON. 

29,  Ashburnham  Mansions,  Chelsea. 

[For  John  Baskett,  printer,  see  the  4  D.N.B.'} 

EMERSON  :  "  MR.  CRUMP'S  WHIM." — - 
In  chap.  ix.  of  '  English  Traits '  Emerson 
writes  : — 

"Every  individual  has  his  particular  way  of 
living,  which  he  pushes  to  folly,  and  the  decided 
sympathy  of  his  compatriots  is  engaged  to  back  up. 
Mr.  Crump's  whim  by  statutes,  and  chancellors,, 
and  horseguards." 

This   passage    was   written    in    1848.     Who 
was    Crump    that    our    horseguards    should 
be  called  out  to  defend  him  and  his  follies  I 
M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 


n  s.  iv.  AUG.  5,  i9iL]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


109 


AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — The 
following  lines  are  cited  in  American  speeches 
of  the  year  1828  :— 

1.  And  when  he  died,  he  left  his  lofty  Name 
A  Light,  a  Landmark  on  the  cliffs  of  fame. 

2.  [A]  factious  mouther  of  imagin'd  wrongs, 
To  sting  and  goad  the  maddening  multitude, 
And  set  the  monster  loose  for  desolation. 

I  shall  be  glad  to  learn  whence  the  lines 
come.  RICHARD  H.  THORNTON. 

36,  Upper  Bedford  Place,  W.C. 

WASHINGTON  IRVING'S  '  SKETCH-BOOK.' — 
The  following  quotations,  &c.,  occur  in 
Washington  Irving's  '  Sketch-Book  '  (1820). 
I  have  searched  several  books  of  reference 
in  the  hope  of  identifying  them,  but  without 
success,  and  now  ask  the  aid  of  readers  of 
'  N.  &  Q.' 

1.  In  the  service  of  mankind  to  be 

A  guardian  god  below  ;    still  to  employ 
The  mind's  brave  ardour  in  heroic  aims, 
Such  as  may  raise  us  over  the  grovelling  herd 
And  make  us  shine  for  ever — that  is  life. 

Thomson. 

2.  Ships,  ships,  I  will  descrie  you 

Amidst  the  main  ; 
I  will  come  and  try  you, 
What  you  are  protecting, 
And  projecting, 

What 's  your  end  and  aim. 
One  goes  abroad  for  merchandise  and  trading, 
Another  stays  to  keep  his  country  from  invading, 
A  third  is  coming  home  with  rich  and  wealthy 

lading. 
Halloo  !  my  fancie,  whither  wilt  thou  go  ? 

Old  poem. 

This  is  given  as  anonymous  in  '  English 
Minstrelsy  '  (Edinburgh,  Ballantyne  &  Co., 
2nd  ed.,  1810),  vol.  ii.  song  13. 

3.  Darkness  and  the  grave. 

4.  I  never  heard 

Of  any  true  affection  but'twas  nipt 
With  care,  that,  like  a  caterpillar,  eats 
The  leaves   of    the   spring's    sweetest    book,    the 
rose.  Middleton. 

5.  Though  your  body  be  confined 

And  soft  love  a  prisoner  bound, 
Yet  the  beauty  of  your  mind 

Neither  check  nor  chain  hath  found. 

Look  out  nobly  then  and  dare 
Even  the  fetters  that  you  wear. 

Fletcher. 

6.  Religion,   "  a   very   excellent   sort   of   thing 
that  ought  to  be  countenanced  and  kept  up." 

7.  The  mother  "  that  looked  on  his  childhood." 

8.  Thorow  earth  and  waters  deepe 

The  pen  by  skill  doth  passe  : 
And  fertly  nyps  the  world's  abuse, 

And  shoes  us  in  a  glass, 
The  vertu  and  the  vice 

Of  every  wight  alyve. 

Churchyard. 

T.   BALSTON. 


JAMES  HOOK,  son  of  William  Hook  of 
Lambeth,  Surrey,  was  at  Westminster  School 
in  1797.  I  should  be  glad  to  learn  some 
particulars  of  his  career  and  the  date  of  his 
death.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

THOMAS  HOOKER  was  admitted  to  West- 
minster School  19  June,  1773.  Particulars 
of  his  parentage  and  career,  as  well  as  the 
date  of  his  death,  are  desired. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

RICHARD  HUCK  became  Vicar  of  Gorton, 
Suffolk,  and  of  Fishley,  Norfolk,  in  1801.  I 
should  be  glad  to  ascertain  the  exact  date 
of  his  death,  which  is  said  to  have  occurred 
"  about  1837."  G.  F.  R.  B. 

WILLIAM  HUGHES,  son  of  William  Hughes 
of  London,  was  admitted  to  Westminster 
School  11  February,  1772,  and  is  said  to  have 
been  chaplain  to  the  Prince  of  Wales.  I 
am  anxious  to  obtain  further  particulars 
of  his  career  and  the  date  of  his  death. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

FRENCH  PEASANT  DRINKING  SONG.  —  I 
once  saw  in  a  book  on  country  life  in  France, 
published  in  London,  but  the  name  of  which 
I  have  forgotten,  an  amusing  song,  of  which 
the  following  were  the  first  words  :  — 
Pour  eViter  la  rage  de  la  femme  dont  je  suia 


Je  boire  a  sa  sant6  le  vin  de  quatre  sous. 

Can  any  one  supply  me  with  the  rest  ? 
CAMPBELL  LOCK, 
Ashknowle,  Whitwell,  Ventnor. 

COWPER  ON  LANGFORD.  —  In  Cowper's 
'  Task,'  Sixth  (last)  Book,  almost  two- 
sevenths  of  the  way  through  (I  regret  that 
the  lines  are  not  numbered  in  my  editions), 
are  the  lines  :  — 

Nor  him,  who  by  his  vanity  seduc'd, 

And  sooth'  d  into  a  dream  that  he  discerns 

The  diff'rence  of  a  Guido  from  a  daub, 

Frequents  the  crowded  auction  :  station'  d  there 

As  duly  as  the  Lang  ford  of  the  show, 

With  glass  at  eye,  and  catalogue  in  hand,  &c. 

Who  was  "  the  Langford  of  the  show  "  ? 

H.  J. 

"  PAINT  THE  LION."  —  In  The  New 
Wonderful  Magazine,  vol.  ii.  p.  237,  s.vt 
Thursday  (vol.  ii.  is  not  dated  ;  vol.  i.  is 
"  for  the  year  1793  "),  we  read  :— 

"  This  day  a  woman  going  on  some  occasion 
on  board  a  ship  in  the  river,  some  of  the  creW 
took  it  in  their  heads  to  paint  the  lion,  as  they 
called  it  ;  which  was  performed  by  stripping  the 
woman  quite  naked,  and  smearing  her  over  with 
tar,  and  in  that  manner  threw  her  into  the  river, 
where  she  was  nearly  drowned." 

Was  "  to  paint  the  lion  "  ever  current 
slang  ?  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 


110 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         en  s.  iv.  AUG.  5, 1911. 


"  FIVES  COUBT,"  ST.  MABTIN'S  LANE  : 
TENNIS  COUBT,  HAYMABKET. — Will  some 
London  archaeologist  quote  me  the  exact 
site  of  "  The  Fives  Court  " — of  "  Fancy  " 
fame — in  or  about  St.  Martin's  Lane  ?  I 
fail  to  find  it  in  the  index  to  Mr.  H.  B. 
Wheatley's  '  Cunningham,'  or  in  any  of  the 
orthodox  reference  books,  or  in  the  Indexes 
to  '  N.  &  Q.'  Mr.  MacMichael's  volume  on 
*  Charing  Cross  '  has  no  mention  of  it  ;  and 
one  is  thrown  back  upon  casual  references 
in  *  Pugilistica,'  '  Boxiana/  &c.  When  did 
it  finally  disappear  ? 

Since  I  wrote  the  above,  my  brother, 
Mr.  Herbert  Sieveking,  has  ascertained 
from  Mr.  W.  E.  Milliken  that  in  John 
Leckie's  'Topography  of  London,'  1810  and 
1813,  a  Fives  Court  is  mentioned  in  St. 
Martin's  Street,  Leicester  Square.  Was  this 
a  covered-in  Fives  Court,  or  an  open  court 
of  houses?  In  'Fistiana'  (1859)  Pearce 
("the  Game  Chicken")  is  said  to  have 
beaten  Bourke  in  Martin  Street  (1803).  Is 
there  reason  for  supposing  the  Fives  Court 
was  identical  with  the  Carolean  Tennis  Court 
in  James  (now  Orange)  Street,  Haymarket  ? 
Blake  and  C.  Turner's  engraving  of  1821, 
with  Randall  and  Turner  (or  is  it  Martin?) 
sparring,  lends  colour  to  this,  as  the 
place  is  very  like  a  tennis  court,  and 
very  unlike  an  ordinary  fives  court.  But 
if  so,  when  did  the  change  of  name  occur  ? 
In  1865  (according  to  the  '  P.O.  Directory  ') 
Edmund  Tompkins,  Tennis  Court  Keeper, 
lived  at  16,  James  Street  ;  and  tennis  was 
played  till  1867.  Now  and  then  "Tennis 
Court"  and  "Fives  Court"  seem  to  be  used 
interchangeably  as  the  site  of  a  battle.  And 
why  is  almost  every  allusion  to  the  "Fives 
Court  "  in  pugilistic  records  coupled  with 
(in  or  about)  St.  Martin's  Lane  ?  It  is 
curious  how  little  topographical  echo  the 
"Fives  Court"  has  produced,  beyond  its 
mere  name.  Knight,  Besant,  Cunningham, 
Wheatley,  Timbs,  are  all  silent  about  it,  so 
far  as  I  have  been  able  to  glean. 

A.  FOBBES  SIEVEKING. 

12,  Seymour  Street,  Portman  Square,  W. 

JOHN  DABBY  =  ELIZA  REBECCA  HABT. — 
I  want  to  trace  the  ancestors  of  John 
Darby,  my  grandfather,  who  married  in 
1835  Eliza  Rebecca  Hart  at  St.  Luke's, 
Chelsea,  and  was  buried  in  Old  Battersea 
Churchyard  in  1853.  He  possessed  a  copper- 
gilt  Davidson  Medal  with  "  John  Darby  " 
cut  on  it.  Please  reply  direct. 

J.  T.  DABBY. 
141,  Culford  Road,  M. 


MAIDA  :  REGIMENTS  PBESENT. — Can  any 
reader  inform  me  why  the  Gloucestershire 
regiment  (28th  and  61st)  carries  "  Maida  " 
on  its  colours  ?  Neither  of  those  regi- 
ments is  mentioned  in  any  accounts  that  I 
have  read  of  that  battle,  but  I  think  that  I 
have  seen  it  stated  that  certain  details 
from  other  regiments  stationed  in  Sicily 
formed  part  of  Sir  John  Stuart's  force. 

James  Grant  mentions  also  the  regiment 
of  Sir  Louis  de  Wattville,  but  does  not  say 
of  what  it  was  composed.  Was  it  a  foreign 
battalion,  like  the  Corsican  Rangers  or  the 
Sicilian  Volunteers  ?  and  what  was  the 
regiment  "  de  Rolle  "  ?  E.  L.  H.  TEW. 

Upham  Rectory,  Southampton. 

COMTE  DE  PONS. — I  shall  be  glad  if  any 
reader  can  give  me  information  concerning 
the  Comte  de  Pons,  who  was  governor  to 
Philippe  "  Egalite,"  Due  d'Orleans,  1747-93. 
Was  his  Christian  name  Barthelemi,  and 
was  he  of  the  family  of  De  Pons  de  la 
Grange  in  Auvergne  ?  I  am  anxious  to 
trace  a  Barthelemi  de  la  Grange  who  was 
"  Gouverneur  des  Princes  du  Sang  "  about 
this  time,  and  who  was  probably  of  the 
family  of  Pons  de  la  Grange. 

(Mrs.)  FBANCES  HILL  THOMAS. 


SIR  NICHOLAS  ARNOLD: 
JOHN  ARNOLD. 

(11  S.  iv.  42.) 

MB.  PINK  may  be  glad  to  know  that  John 
Arnold  was  living  at  Highnam,  which  was 
then  in  the  parish  of  Churcham,  long  before 
1542.  Smyth  in  his  '  Lives  of  the  Berke leys,' 
vol.  ii.  p.  222,  says  that  Thomas,  Lord 
Berkeley,  the  fifth  of  that  name,  on  the 
death  of  his  elder  brother,  the  sixth  Maurice, 
in  1523,  "  sojourned  with  his  wife,  children, 
and  family  with  his  brother  in  lawe  Jno. 
Arnold  at  Hynam  by  Glouc.,  -the  sooner 
to  recover  his  estate."  On  p.  241,  referring 
to  the  will  of  the  same  Thomas,  who  died 
in  1532,  he  says,  "  By  this  will  and  other 
his  deeds,  hee  gives  these  pensions  and 
Annuities  for  the  lives  of  the  parties,  his 
kinsmen ....,"  giving  as  reference  "Carta 
in  castro  de  Berkeley,  vol.  24  H.  8.  in 
predict."  ;  and  "  To  John  Arnold,  Esqr., 
his  brother  in  lawe  ;  Ten  pounds,  whom 
hee  made  high  Steward  of  all  his  Manors  and 
lands  in  England,"  with  the  reference 
"  Carta  4  Junii,  17  H.  8.  in  castro  de 


ii s.  iv.  AUG.  5,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Ill 


Berkeley  "  (1525).  There  were  also  bequest 
to  Nicholas  Arnold  40s.,  to  Richard  Arnolc 
5li.,  to  Margaret  Denys  405. 

John  Arnold  was  granted  an  annuity  o: 
40s.,  for  the  term  of  his  life,  for  performing 
the  office  of  steward  of  the  manor  of  West- 
bury  (on  Severn,  Gloucestershire),  by  John 
Baynham,  by  deed  dated  5  Feb.,  17  Hen.  VIII 
(1526).  See  Trans.  Bris.  and  Glouc.  Archceo- 
log.  Soc.,  vi.  133. 

'The  Cartulary  of  Flaxley  Abbey,'  by 
A.  W.  Crawley-Boevey,  quotes  from  '  Valor 
Ecclesiasticus  '  of  Hen.  VIII.  under  the 
heads  of  the  various  manors  belonging  to 
the  abbey  : — 

"  Flaxley.     Valet  clare  in  redd'  et  firm'  unacu 
•al'    casual'   ib'm  per  annu  ultra  53s.   4d.,  solut' 
pro    feod'    Johls    Arnold    armigeri    capit'li    sen 
omi'  terr'  et  ten't'  pred'co  monasterio  pertin' . . . . " 

Smyth  in  '  Lives  of  the  Berkeleys,'  vol.  ii. 
p.  186,  says  : — 

"  The  said  Margaret  Denis,  an  other  daughter 
of  the  said  Anne  Berkeley  and  of  Sir  William 
Denis  her  husband,  was  in  the  20th  of  Henry  the 
8th  marryed  to  Sir  Nicholas  Arnold  son  and  heire 
of  John  Arnold,  to  whom  her  uncle  Thomas  lord 
Berkeley,  the  fifth,  by  his  will  gave  two  hundred 
marks  to  her  marriage  ;  who  had  issue  Rowland 
Arnold,  who  by  Mary  his  wife  daughter  of  John 
Brydges  created  lord  Chandois,  had  issue  Dorothy 
marryed  to  Sir  Thomas  Lucy,  who  had  issue 
Joyce  maryed  to  Sir  William  Cooke  Knight,  whom 
Henry  lord  Berkeley  made  one  of  his  executors 
in  trust." 

On  4  Sept.,  1538,  John  Arnold,  Esq.,  and 
two  others  were  granted  the  next  presenta- 
tion to  the  chantry  of  St.  James  or  St.  Anne, 
in  the  churchyard  of  Newent,  by  the  Prior 
and  brethren  of  the  Hospital  of  St.  Bartho- 
lomew, Gloucester  (Glouc.  dioc.  rec.  in  MS.). 

By  his  will  (dated  26  March,  1537,  proved 
22  June,  1538)  Sir  Richard  Skidmore, 
parson  of  the  parish  church  of  Rudford, 
Gloucestershire,  bequeathed  to  "Mr.  Arnold, 
esquire,  a  pair  of  organce  called  porty- 
tudes  "  (Reg.  Cranmer,  fo.  104a,  at  Lambeth 
Palace).  He  also  bequeathed  "  a  pair  of 
portytudes  "  to  Sir  Philip  Oxen  ford,  monk. 
I  should  be  glad  to  know  what  these  instru- 
ments were. 

A  record  in  the  Worcester  Diocesan 
Registry,  undated,  but 'probably  of  Decem- 
ber, 1540,  gives  a  list  of  the  21  "  stipendary 
prists  of  the  Kyngs  College  of  the  towne  of 
Glouceter,"  commencing  with  "  Syr  William 
Jenyns  wa[r]den  .and  stipendary  there." 
Each  name  is  followed  by  the  words  "  payd 
bie  Mr.  John  Arnold."  Arnold  was  the 
King's  receiver  for  the  possessions  of  the 
dissolved  monastery  of  St.  Peter,  which 
accounts  for  his  paying  the  "  stipendaries  " 
during  the  interval  between  the  surrender, 


and  the  foundation  of  the  cathedral  church, 
diocese,  and  city  of  Gloucester,  by  the 
charter  of  3  Sept.,  33  Hen.  VIII.  (1541). 
His  accounts  are  in  the  P.R.O. 

In  '  Suppression  of  Monasteries '  is  a 
letter  (p.  236)  from  the  King's  Commissioners 
in  the  West,  John  Arnold  being  one,  report- 
ing on  4  Jan.,  1539/40,  that  they  had  taken 
the  surrender  of  St.  Peter  of  Gloucester, 
Hayles,  and  Winchcombe. 

Atkyns  in  his  *  Ancient  and  Present  State 
of  Gloucestershire,'  1712,  under  Churcham, 
says  :— 

"  The  manors  of  Highnam  and  Over  and  divers 
messuages  and  lands  with  the  tithes  thereof 
lying  in  Churcham,  all  which  did  formerly  belong 
to  the  abbey  of  Gloucester,  were  granted  to  John 
Arnold  of  Monmouthshire,  esq.,  33  Hen.  VIII. 
who  died  37  Hen.  VIII.,  and  livery  of  this 
manor  [sic]  was  granted  the  same  year  to  sir 
Nicholas  Arnold,  son  of  John.  He  married 
Margaret  daughter  of  sir  William  Dennys  of 
Dyrham,  and  was  succeeded  by  Rowland  Arnold 
his  son,  who  married  Mary  daughter  of  John 
Brydges,  lord  Chandos,  and  left  an  only  daughter 
and  heiress  married  to  Thomas  Lucy,  son  of  sir 
Thomas  Lucy,  of  Charlecot,  in  Warwickshire. 
Thomas  Lucy  likewise  left  an  only  daughter 
married  to  sir  William  Cook. . .  .By  this  marriage 
sir  William  Cook  had  the  manor  of  Highnam  and 
died  seised  thereof  1618." 

He  also  mentions  an  inscription  in  the  church 
which  is  given  with  more  details  in  Bigland, 
as  follows  : — 

'  A  small  tablet  of  stone  inlaid  and  bordured 
with  alabaster,  sculptured  with  devices  and  arms 
as  follows  : — On  four  escutcheons  :  1.  Gules,  on 
a  fess  between  three  billets  argent,  three  lions 
passant  guardant  purpure,  for  Oldis worth  ; 
mpaling,  gules,  five  mar  lions'  wings  in  sal  tire 
argent,  for  Porter.  2.  Porter  ;  impaling,  gules, 
a  chevron  ermine,  between  three  pheons  or, 
!or  Arnold.  3.  Arnold,  impaling,  or,  a  chevron 
setween  three  cinquefoils  azure,  on  a  chief  gules, 
a  griffin  passant  ermine,  for  Hawkins.  4.  as 
the  first." 

The  inscription  runs  : — 

"  Here  lye  buried  near  this  place  the  bodies 
of  Edward  Oldisworth,  Esq.,  and  Tace  his  wife 
dowghter  of  Arthur  Porter,  Esq.,  and  of  Alice 
his  wife,  and  sister  to  Sir  Thomas  Porter,  Knight, 
which  Alice  was  dowghter  of  John  Arnold  Esq., 
and  of  Isabel  his  wife,  and  sister  to  Sir  Nicholas 
Arnold,  Knight,  which  Isabel  was  the  daughter 
of  William  Hawkins,  Esquier,  the  said  John, 
isabel,  and  Sir  Nicholas,  being  also  interred  in 
;his  church.  The  said  Edward  departed  this 
ife  the  8th  day  of  August,  1570  ;  and  the  said 
Tacey  the  8th  day  of  June,  1576,  having  had 
>etween  them  five  children  ;  wherof  two  sonnes, 
Arnold  and  Thomas,  and  three  daughters,  Mar- 
garet, Anne,  and  Dorothy,  of  whom  only  Anne 
died  yonge,  in  the  life  of  her  parents." 

Atkyns    says    that    Thomas    Luci,    Esq., 
was  in    1712  the   tenant  of  the   manor  of 
Rudford,    by    lease    from    the    Dean    and 
hapter  of  Gloucester. 


112 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [u  s,  iv.  AUG.  5, 1911. 


Rudder  in  his  '  New  History  of  Gloucester- 
shire,' 1779,  says  under  Upleaden  : — 

"  The  manor  continued  in  the  abbey  [of  St. 
Peter  at  Gloucester]  till  the  general  dissolution, 
when  it  passed  to  the  crown,  by  which  it  was 
afterwards  granted  to  John  Arnold,  who  died 
seised  of  it  37  H.  8,  and  livery  was  granted  to  sir 
Nicholas  Arnold,  his  son  and  heir,  the  same  year. 
Rowland  Arnold,  son  of  sir  Nicholas,  left  an  only 
daughter  Dorothy,  married  to  sir  Thomas  Lucy, 
of  Charlecot  in  Warwickshire,  who  was  lord  of  the 
manor  in  the  year  1608.  It  afterwards  passed  to 
Thomas  Brown  esq.  alderman  of  Gloucester." 

Sir  Nicholas  Arnold  was  one  of  the  commis- 
sioners for  inventories  of  church  goods  in 
1552.  His  signature  is  on  an  inventory 
preserved  in  the  parish  church  of  Siston. 

In  1554  he  joined  Sir  Thomas  Wyatt  of 
Kent,  Sir  Peter  Carew  of  Devon,  Sir  Nicholas 
Throckmorton  of  Gloucester,  and  others 
in  a  conspiracy  arising  out  of  the  general 
antipathy  to  the  marriage  of  Queen  Mary 
and  Philip  of  Spain  (note  by  the  Rev.  J.  M. 
Hall  in  Trans.  Bris.  and  Glouc.  Archceolog. 
Soc.,  vol.  xix.  p.  305). 

Under  Newent,  Rudder  says  : — 

"  After  the  general  dissolution  of  religious 
foundations,  the  manor  of  Newent  and  a  wood 
called  Yarkledon,  were  granted  to  sir  Richard 
Lee  1  Ed.  VI.  Sir  Nicholas  Arnold  was  after- 
wards lord  of  it  and  sold  it  to  Sir  William 
Wintour." 

In  a  list  of  pensions  payable  in  1555 
(B.M.,  Add.  MS.  8102)  occur  "  Lanthonia 
juxta  Glouc'  nup'  monast'iu'  Annfc.  Nich'i 
Arnolde  mits  LXS,"  and  "  S'ci  Petri,  Glouc. 


nup 
Sen11 


Monasterium  Nich'i  Arnolde  mits 
om'i  possess'  d'ci  nup'  monasterii 
xiiii11  Vs  x(1  "  (Trans.  Bris.  and  Glouc. 
Arch.  Soc.,  xxix.  115,  118). 

On  24  Oct.,  4  Eliz.  (1562),  on  the  institu- 
tion to  the  vicarage  of  Churcham  with 
Bulley,  Gloucestershire,  of  Francis  Goughe, 
priest,  on  the  presentation  of  the  Dean  and 
Chapter  of  Gloucester  Cathedral,  the  bond 
to  the  bishop  was  given  by  the  said  Francis 
Goughe  and  Richard  Arnold  of  Churcham, 
Esq.,  and  bears  their  signatures  (Glouc. 
dioc.  records  in  MS.). 

Atkyns  says  under  Westbury-on-Severn  : 
"  There    were    two    chantries    in    this     church, 
whereof  one  was  dedicated  to  St.  Nicholas,    and 
the    lands    belonging  to    it   were  granted    to     Sir 
Nicholas  Arnold  5  Eliz." 

He  also  mentions  "  an  inscription  in  the 
chancel  for  Mr.  Anthony  Arnold  of  the 
Grange,  who  died  1678." 

Atkyns,  tracing  the  descent  of  the  manor 
of  Kingsholm  in  the  parish  of  St.  Mary  de 
Lode,  in  the  city  of  Gloucester,  says  : — 

"  Rowland  Arnold,  esq.  died  seised  of  the 
manor  of  Kingsholm  :  he  left  Dorothy  his  only 


daughter  and  heiress  married  to  Thomas  Luci, 
who  in  right  of  his  wife  had  livery  of  this  manor 
15  Eliz." 

Gloucester  Corporation  accounts  show 
a  payment  in  1553  :  "  Gevyn  to  Maister 
Arnoldes  servauntes  on  May  Day  at  the 
bryngyng  in  of  May,  20s.  More  to  those 
persons  that  daunsed  the  moorys  daunse  the 
same  tyme  5s."  This  was  probably  Row- 
land Arnold. 

In  '  Parliamentary  History  of  the  County 
of  Gloucester,'  by  W.  R.  Williams  (1898), 
occurs  the  following  on  p.  41  : — 

"  Sir  Nicholas  Arnold  of  Hyneton,  a  distin- 
guished statesman,  was  the  son  of  John  Arnold 
(who  was  granted  the  manors  of  Highnam  and 
Over,  by  the  Crown,  1541).  Sir  Nicholas,  who 
had  livery  of  these' manors  on  his  father's  death 
37  Hen.  8,  presented  to  Dormington  1546,  and  to 
Cusop,  co.  Hereford,  1563,  and  was  a  Gentleman 
Pensioner  to  the  King  in  Jan.,  1526.  He  m.  (1) 
Margaret,  dau.  of  Sir  William  Benny s  of  Dyrham, 
and  (2)  Margaret,  widow  of  Nicholas  Hore  of 
Harpersdown,  Wexford,  and  dau.  and  co-heir  of 
John  Isham  of  Bryanstown,  Grand  Seneschall  of 
co.  Wexford.  She  d.  Sept.,  1616.  He  was  H.S. 
co.  Gloucester  1558,  1559,  Gustos  Rotulorum 
till  his  death  April,  1580,  Knighted  about  1553, 
M.P.  co.  Gloucester  1545-7,  Feb.  to  31  March, 
1553,  Sept.  to  Dec.,  1555,  Gloucester  city  1559, 
1563-7,  Cricklade  1571,  and  co.  Gloucester  1572 
till  his  decease.  He  was  app.  one  of  the  Council 
of  the  Marches  of  Wales  June,  1574,  and  was 
Lord  Deputy  of  Ireland  1564-5.  '  He  bred  the 
best  horses  in  England  '  (Hollinshed).  In  March, 
1556,  Thomas  White  made  a  deposition  implicat- 
ing Sir  Nicholas  Arnold  in  the  plot  to  kill  the 
King  and  Queen.  As  J.P.  co.  Gloucester, 
Arnold  wrote  the  Council  20  Sept.,  1571,  certify- 
ing his  proceedings  in  search  and  watch  for  rogues 
and  vagabonds.  On  17  April,  1580,  the  Mayor 
of  Gloucester  requested  the  Council  to  grant  a 
'  separate  commission  to  take  the  musters  of 
their  city  ;  Sir  Nicholas  Arnold  and  Thomas 
Purie,  named  in  the  late  commission,  are 
dead.'  " 

A  short  search  in  the  records  of  the 
Gloucester  Consistory  Court  shows  that  "Sir 
Nicholas  Arnold,  Kt.,  and  Mr.  Richard 
Arnold,  Esq.,"  as  farmers  of  the  rectory  of 
Churcham,  brought  several  suits  for  non- 
payment of  tithe,  1560-68.  They  produced 
an  indenture  of  a  grant  of  tithes  and  eccle- 
siastical dues  made  by  the  Abbot  and 
Convent  of  St.  Peter,  Gloucester,  to  John 
Arnolde,  Esq.,  for  99  years,  dated  10  Aug*, 
21  Hen.  VIII.  ;  also  the  wills  of  John 
Arnold,  Esq.,  and  Isabel  Arnold,  widow, 
their  late  parents,  proved  and  approved 
by  the  late  Archbishop  of  Canterbury. 
These  records  doubtless  contain  other  infor- 
mation respecting  the  family  which  will  be 
available  on  their  publication. 

F.    S.   HOCKADAY.       . 
•   Highbury,  Lydney. 


us. iv. AUG. 5, ion,]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


113 


CHARLES  I.  :  '  BIBLIA  AUREA  '  (11  S.  rv 
70). — The  volume  to  which  POURQTJOI  PAS 
refers  is  more  accurately  described  by  its 
full  title  '  Directorium  Biblie  Aureum.'  It 
is  also  entitled  '  Repertorium  '  and  '  Repor- 
tatorium.'  Its  author  was  Antonius 
Rampegollis  "  de  Senis  ordinis  .fratrum 
heremitarum  Sancti  Augustini."  The 
earliest  dated  edition  was  printed  by 
Johann  Zainer  at  Ulm  in  1475,  and  more 
than  a  dozen  editions  appeared  during  the 
fifteenth  century.  Some  of  these  are  by 
no  means  rarities. 

The  book  is  a  kind  of  dictionary  oJ 
Biblical  quotations.  It  is  divided  into  138 
chapters  ;  each  of  them  deals  with  a  subject 
or  group  of  subjects,  and  contains  a  mass 
of  texts  from  the  Bible  which  are  relevant 
Perhaps  ch.  cviii.,  entitled  '  De  prelatis  el 
principibus  bonis,'  may  have  been  of  special 
interest  to  Charles  I. 

The  popularity  of  the  book  was  probably 
due  to  its  obvious  utility  to  preachers. 
CHARLES  THOMAS-STANFORD,  F.S.A. 

Preston  Manor,  Brighton. 

PRINCESS  VICTORIA'S  VISIT  TO  THE  MAR- 
QUIS OF  ANGLESEY  (11  S.  iv.  67). — Her  late 
Majesty  Queen  Victoria  spent  a  couple  of 
months  as  the  guest  of  the  Marquis  of  Angle- 
sey in  August  and  September,  1832.  The 
Princess,  as  she  then  was,  was  accompanied 
by  her  mother  the  Duchess  of  Kent.  Accord- 
ing to  Edward  Parry's  '  Royal  Visits  and 
Progress  to  Wales,'  they  made  a  stay  of 
some  months  at  Plas  Newydd,  on  the  bank 
of  the  Menai  in  Anglesea,  the  marine  resi- 
dence of  the  Marquis  of  Anglesey.  After 
a  loyal  reception  at  .Shrewsbury,  they  tra- 
velled via  Oswestry  to  Wynnstay  Park, 
the  seat  of  Sir  Watkin  Williams  Wynn,  Bt., 
M.P.,  where  they  spent  Sunday.  Although 
most  of  the  time  they  were  at  Plas  Newydd, 
they  stayed  for  some  days  at  "  The  Bulkley 
Arms  Hotel,"  Beaumaris,  whence  they 
made  numerous  excursions  in  Snowdonia. 
They  also  visited  Carnarvon  Castle,  the  scene 
of  the  recent  investiture  of  the  Prince  of 
Wales.  Princess  Victoria  was  escorted  up 
the  spiral  steps  to  the  top  of  the  Eagle 
Tower,  and  visited  the  apartment  in  which, 
according  to  tradition,  Edward  II.  was  born. 
It  is  worthy  of  mention  that  the  Prince, 
King  George,  and  Queen  Mary  entered  and 
left  the  castle  through  the  Eagle  Tower. 

During  her  visit  the  Princess  Victoria 
attended  an  Eisteddfod  at  Beaumaris  and 
distributed  a  number  of  prizes. 

D.  M.  R. 
[Further  reply  next  week.] 


BATTLE  ON  THE  WEY  :  CARPENTER,. 
CRESSINGHAM,  AND  ROWE  FAMILIES  (US.  iv.. 
24,  77.) — What  Fordun  has  to  say  of  Cres- 
singham  may  be  easily  stated.  In  the 
*  Gesta  Annalia ;  section  xcix.  is  headed  '  De 
bello  pontis  de  Strivelyn,'  and  it  is  intro- 
duced with  the  statement  that  the  activities 
of  William  Wallace  in  Scotland  proved 
intolerable  to  his  Majesty  of  England.  Then 
the  narrative  proceeds  thus  : — 

"  Qui  [rex  Anglise,  videlicet],  arduis  negotiis- 
alibi  niultipliciter  intentus,  suum  thesaurarium, 
nomine  Hugonem  de  Clissinghame,  cum  magna 
potentia,  ad  reprimendam  ipsius  Willelmi  auda- 
ciam,  et  regnum  Scocise  sibi  subjiciendumr 
destinavit.  Audito  ergo  hujus  viri  adyentu, 
praedictus  Willelmus,  tune  circa  obsessionem 
Anglorum  in  castro  de  Dunde  existentium  occu- 
patus,  statim,  commissa  cura  et  diligentia  ob- 
sessionis  castri  ejusdem  Villas  burgensibus,  sub- 
poena amissionis  vitae  et  membrorum,  cum 
exercitu  sub  omni  festinatione  versus  Strivelyn- 
eidem  Hugoni  obvius  processit,  et,  bello  commisso 
apud  pontem  de  Forth  juxta  Striyelyne,  iii  idusr 
Septembris,  idem  Hugo  de  Clissinghame  inter- 
fectus  est,  et  cunctus  ejus  exercitus  in  fugam 
conversus,  aliis  ex  ipsis  gladiis  jugulatis,  aliis 
captis,  aliis  aquis  submersis,  sed,  cunctis  Dei 
virtute  superatis,  praedictus  Willelmus  cum  laude- 
non  modica  felici  potitus  est  victoria." 

There  is  nothing  here  to  shed  light,  except 
inferentially,  on  the  Treasurer's  character 
and  his  personal  history,  even  his  name 
being  inaccurately  given.  The  writer's  con- 
cern was  with  the  general's  hapless  venture, 
and  this  he  impressively  delineates  in  his- 
characteristic  fashion.  THOMAS  BAYNE. 

"  CASTLES  IN  SPAIN  "  :  "  CASTLE  IN  THE 
AIR"  (11  S.  iv.  66). — The  phrase  "in 
nubibus,"  applied  to  things  invisible  and 
intangible,  must  be  due  to  somebody  who 
was  familiar  with  the  Vulgate  Psalms  : 
e.g.,  Ixvii.  35,  "  magnificentia  ejus  et  virtus 
ejus  in  nubibus,"  A.V.  Ixviii.  34.  It  is  used 
n  '  Les  Termes  de  la  Ley,'  written  by  John 
Rastell,  1527,  and  translated  by  William 
Rastell,  1567,  wherein  a  certain  remainder 
is  stated  to  be  in  abeyance  "  and  as  we  say 
n  the  clouds,"  "  come  nous  dicimus  in 
^uUbus"  ed.  1667,  p.  6. 

"  Castles  in  Spain  "  occurs  in  George 
Herbert's  '  Jacula  Prudentum,'  printed  first 
n  1640.  W.  C.  B. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (US, 
ii.  468). — M.  M.'s  fifth  quotation, 
And  now  a  poet's  gratitude  you  see  ; 
Grant  him  two  favours,  and  he  '11  ask  for  three,. 

was  rightly   attributed  by  Cowper  to  Dr^ 
Young.     It  is  the  second  couplet  of  Young's 
Universal    Passion,'   Satire   III.,  addressed 
x>  Bubb  Dodington.        EDWARD  BENSLY. 


114 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        tn  s.  iv.  AUG.  5, 1911. 


G.  H.  J.'s  second  quotation,  ante,  p.  28, 
as  from  "  Josh  Billings  "  (Henry  W.  Shaw, 
1818-85).  I  think  the  original  form  of  the 
aphorism  is  "  It 's  better  not  to  know  quite 
so  mutch  than  to  know  so  mutch  that  ain't 
«o."  The  best  proof  of  the  real  acuteness  of 
this  humorist  is  the  fact  that  his  epigrams 
read  far  better  in  correct  English  than  in 
his  motley.  Pages  of  them  together  would 
:scarcely  discredit  Rochefoucauld. 

FOBBEST    MORGAN. 
Harttord,  Conn. 

SIB  ANDREW  HACKET  (11  S.  iv.  68)  was 
appointed  a  Master  in  Chancery  10  December, 
1670,  and  resigned  in  June,  1680.  He  mar- 
ried (1)  Mary,  dau.  of  Joseph  Henshaw, 
D.D.,  Bishop  of  Peterborough,  by  whom 
he  left  one  daughter  ;  (2)  Mary,  eld.  dau. 
and  coheir  of  John  Lisle  of  Moxhull,  co. 
Warwick,  by  whom  he  had  three  sons  and 
three  daughters.  He  was  knighted  16 
January,  1670-71  ;  M.P.  for  Tamworth 
1679-81  ;  Sheriff  of  Warwickshire  1684-5. 
According  to  Le  Neve,  he  died  26  March, 
1709.  W.  D.  PINK. 

Sir  Andrew  Hacket  was  made  a  Master  in 
Ohancery  in  December,  1671,  according  to 
Beatson's  '  Political  Index.'  He  obtained 
an  Act  of  Parliament  to  settle  a  portion  of 
money  on  his  daughter  Mary  in  1671. 

C.  H.  R.  PEACH. 

"  SWALE,"  ITS  AMERICAN  AND  ENGLISH 
MEANINGS  (11  S.  iv.  67).— In  the  Funk  & 
Wagnalls  Dictionary  (published  in  New 
York)  "  swale  "  is  defined  as  "  a  piece  of  low 
marshy  ground,  as  in  a  rolling  prairie,  com- 
monly wet  at  seasons."  The  following 
extract  from  'American  Law  of  Easements  ' 
(vol.  i.  p.  359),  by  Emory  Washburn,  is 
given  in  the  same  work  :  "  There  are  often 
more  or  less  extensive  tracts  of  land  in  which 
water  rises  or  collects  in  a  stagnant  state, 
forming  swamps  or  swails" 

R.  VAUGHAN  GOWER. 

Farmer's  '  Dictionary  of  Americanisms  ' 
is  responsive  in  this  case.  "  Swale  "  is  "a 
valley,  a  tract  of  bottom  land."  Possibly 
the  surnames  Swale  and  Swales  may  be 
synonymous  with  Dale,  &c.,  though  Bardsley 
interpreted  them  as  meaning  "  of  Swallow 
Hill,"  or  as  being  the  same  as  Swale,  the 
river  ('  Dictionary  of  English  and  Welsh 
Surnames  ').  ST.  SWITHIN. 

Though  seldom  used,  "  swale,"  in  the 
sense  of  land  sloped  to  a  shallow,  is  not  quite 
unknown.  I  have  heard  men  who  work 


out  of  doors  speak  of  ground  "  swaling 
down,"  that  is,  sloping.  A  candle  in  a 
draught  "  swales  "  on  the  opposite  side  of 
it.  A  consumptive  person  may  be  seen 
gradually  to  "  swale  away." 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

There  does  not  seem  much  reason  to  doubt 
that  "  swale  "  =  clearing  in  the  passage 
cited.  To  "  swale  "  is  to  burn  furze  and 
heather  in  order  that  grass  may  spring  up 
and  afford  pastorage  for  cattle.  On  Dart- 
moor the  practice  is  restricted  to  March  and 
April  ;  see  W.  Crossing,  '  Guide  to  Dart- 
moor,' 1909,  p.  37.  The  same  term  is  found 
in  the  Highlands  in  connexion  with  the 
burning  of  heather  in  order  to  promote  the 
growth  of  new  heather  for  the  benefit  of 
grouse.  M. 

I  do  not  know  what,  if  any,  special 
American  meaning  "  swale  "  may  have.  On 
Dartmoor  the  word  is  considered  good 
English,  and  is  applied  to  gorse,  furze, 
heather,  and  similar  moorland  shrubs.  I 
subjoin  a  cutting  from  The  Western  Morning 
News  of  21  July  on  the  subject  of  "  swaling," 
or  removal  of  swale,  which  may  perhaps  be 
of  interest  to  MB.  MAYHEW  : — 

ILLEGAL    SWALING    ON    DARTMOOR. 

Petition  from  Residents. 

At  Tavistock  Petty  Sessions  on  Wednesday, 
William  Westaway,  labourer,  Belstone,  was 
charged  by  the  Duchy  authorities  with  setting 
fire  to  gorse  and  heather  and  furze  on  Dartmoor, 
near  East  Ockment  Farm,  on  June  3rd,  and  on 
the  same  day  at  East  Mill  Tor.  Mr.  J.  D.  Prick- 
man,  of  Okehampton,  who  appeared  for  the 
Duchy  authorities,  said  the  authorities  were  not 
endeavouring  to  seek  any  benefit  to  themselves, 
nor  to  deprive  anybody  of  their  rights,  but  sought 
only  to  have  rules  and  regulations  and  swaling 
brought  into  a  well-regulated  system.  The 
authorities  had  had  a  petition  presented  to  them 
signed  by  upwards  of  250  moorland  residents 
and  persons  interested  in  the  Moor,  which,  with 
the  Bench's  permission,  he  would  read.  The 
petition  was  as  follows  : — 

"  Your  petitioners,  being  residents  on  or  on  the 
borders  of  your  Royal  Highness's  Forest  of  Dart- 
moor, in  the  county  of  Devon,  and  deeply  in- 
terested hi  the  preservation  of  the  natural  beauties 
of  Dartmoor,  desire  to  bring  to  your  Royal  High- 
ness's  notice  the  damage  that  is  being  done  by 
the  swaling  or  firing  of  the  heather  or  gorse  and 
furze  during  the  spring  and  summer  months. 
They  recognize  that  within  certain  limits  swaling 
is  necessary  in  order  to  preserve  the  pasturage 
on  the  Moor,  but  unfortunately  there  are  no  pre- 
scribed rules  regulating  the  time  and  mode  of 
swaling,  and  it  is  feared  that  swaling  is  done  not 
so  much  by  the  proper  persons  in  the  right  season 
and  under  proper  limitation  of  area,  as  by  un- 
authorized persons  and  at  the  wrong  season  and 
without  limit  of  area.  When  swaling  takes  place 


n  s.  iv.  AU«.  5,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


115 


after  the  end  of  March  hundreds  of  acres  of  beauti- 
ful heather  are  burnt,  and  great  destruction  of 
black  game  and  hares,  and  other  game-birds  and 
animals,  and  of  small-bird  life  takes  place." 

Evidence  having  been  given  as  to  the 
defendant  lighting  fires  at  many  places  on 
the  day  named,  the  report  continues  : — 

"  Mr.  George  Glanfield,  of  Belstone,  assistant- 
overseer,  deposed  to  the  defendant  not  being 
rated  as  an  owner  in  the  parish  of  Belstone. 
Defendant  said  he  claimed  as  a  right  such  as  he 
had  been  accustomed  to  for  many  years,  as  a 
Belstone  parishioner,  to  cut  '  vaggs  '  and  turf  on 
the  Moor,  and  it  was  necessary  first  to  burn  the 
heather  before  the  '  yaggs '  could  be  cut.  In 
cross-examination,  he  admitted  he  had  not  cut 
any  '  vaggs  '  at  any  of  the  places  where  he  had 
lit  the  fires. 

"  Mr.  Prickman  submitted  there  had  been 
wanton  and  malicious  burning  on  the  part  of  the 
defendant,  he  having  lit  fires  in  many  places, 
according  to  the  evidence,  not  at  all  suitable  for 
the  cutting  of  '  vaggs  '  or  turf,  which  showed  the 
wantonness  of  the  act.  The  Bench  fined  defendant 
19s.  inclusive." 

T.  T.  V. 

[MR.  OSWALD  J.  BEICHEL  also  thanked  for 
reply.] 

SENIOR  WRANGLERS  :  SENIOR  CLASSICS 
<11  S.  iv.  69).— With  regard  to  Senior 
Wranglers,  MR.  F.  C.  WHITE  will  find  the 
information  he  seeks  in  'The  Senior  Wranglers 
of  the  University  of  Cambridge  from  1748 
to  1907,  with  Biographical,  &c.,  Notes,'  by 
C.  M.  Neale,  published  by  F.  T.  Groom 
&  Son,  Bury  St.  Edmunds,  1907. 

In  1908  a  Trinity  and  a  Pembroke  man 
were  bracketed  Seniors  ;  and  in  1909  (the 
last  year)  the  Senior  Wrangler  was  from 
Trinity.  MR.  WHITE'S  numbers  from  each 
college  are  not,  I  think,  quite  correct : 
they  should  be  Trinity  56,  St.  John's  55, 
Cams  14,  '  Pembroke  7,  and  the  rest  as 
stated  by  him.  A.  R.  M. 

RAIKES  CENTENARY  (11  S.  iii.  366  ;  iv.  37). 
— I  am  indebted  to  MR.  R.  W.  MARSTON 
of  High  Barnet  for  drawing  my  attention 
privately  to  the  fact  that  the  father  of  Raikes 
married  no  fewer  than  three  times,  and  that 
the  extract  I  quoted  from  our  registers 
refers  to  the  second  of  his  marriages,  not 
to  the  third,  of  which  the  Sunday-school 
pioneer  was  fruit.  As  MR.  MARSTON  re- 
marks, the  mother  of  the  celebrated  Robert 
was  Mary  Drew  of  Nailsworth,  Gloucs.,  not 
Ann  Monk  of  St.  Michael  Bassishaw. 

With  regard  to  the  Christian  name  of  the 
clergyman  who  officiated  at  the  wedding 
which  took  place  here  in  1725,  I  may  say 
that  it  was  the  Rev.  William  Butler  who  was 
rector  here  during  the  period  to  which 
MR.  C.  E.  BUTLER  alludes,  ante,  p.  37. 


He  was  also  Vicar  of  Dagenham,  and  some- 
time chaplain  to  the  Marquis  of  Annandale 
and  the  Earl  of  Burlington.  See  the  account 
of  his  life  in  the  '  History  of  Dagenham  ' 
of  the  Rev.  J.  P.  Shawcross,  published 
1904.  Mr.  Shawcross  makes  no  mention 
of  a  fact  which  is  well  known  to  me,  and  is 
responsible  for  MR.  C.  E.  BUTLER'S  query, 
viz.,  that  several  printed  authorities  confuse 
the  name  or  the  identity  (or  both)  of  the 
Rev.  William  Butler,  our  rector,  with  those 
of  his  father,  the  Rev.  Lilly  Butler,  who  was 
for  some  years  minister  of  the  near-by 
hurch  of  St.  Mary  the  Virgin,  Alderman- 
bury.  WILLIAM  McMuRRAY. 
St.  Anne  and  St.  Agnes,  Gresham  Street,  E.C. 

EMERSON  AND  HEINE  IN  ENGLAND  (1 1  S.  iv. 
[)). — I  am  not  able  to  answer  MR.  BRES- 
LAR'S  query  as  to  the  position  of  Emerson's 
house  in  Russell  Square,  on  his  first  visit 
to  England  in  1833.  If,  however,  MR. 
BRESLAR,  will  turn  to  The  Westminster 
Gazette  of  16  July  and  7  August,  1906,  he 
will  find  two  letters  of  mine  upon  Emerson's 
last  visit  to  England  in  1873,  when  he  wrote 
(simply  dating  his  letter  from  Oxford)  to 
his  cousin  (my  sister-in-law)  a  letter  of  which 
I  gave  a  copy  in  1906,  but  it  is  too  long  to 
quote  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  He  stayed  in  Oxford 
two  days  only,  and  left  for  Stratford-on- 
Avon,  going  thence  to  York,  Durham,  and 
Edinburgh. 

I  appended  mention  of  Ralph,  the  father 
of  L.  Juliet  Mercer,  and  first  cousin  of  Ralph 
Waldo  Emerson.  The  Emersons  descended 
from  Joseph  Emerson,  a  minister  who 
emigrated  from  England.  He  was  born 
in  1620  or  1621,  and  died  in  Concord, 
U.S.A.,  in  1680. 

I  spent  an  evening  with  R.  W.  Emerson 
in  an  hotel  at  Santa  Lucia  in  1873,  when  he 
was  on  his  way  to  Egypt  with  an  invalid 
daughter,  and  alluded  to  this  meeting  in 
The  Academy  of  15  April,  1905,  in  a  letter  I 
wrote  on  Walter  Savage  Landor.  I  believe 
R.  W.  Emerson  was  then  travelling  strictly- 
incognito,  and  only  saw  Duncan  (the  Ameri- 
can Consul)  and  myself  in  Naples. 

WILLIAM  MERCER. 

Heine's  visit  to  England  was  made  in  1827. 
See  '  Life  of  Heinrich  Heine,'  by  William 
Sharp,  pp.  105-8.  W.  B. 

SPIDER  STORIES  (US.  iv.  26,  76).— The 
accounts  given  by  old  authors  as  to  the  size 
of  some  spiders  are  not  exaggerated. 

I  remember,  when  a  boy,  seeing  a  species 
in  Camoens's  Gardens  in  Macao,  China, 
which  I  have  always  since  described  as 


116 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         m  s.  iv.  AUG.  5, 1911. 


having  bodies  as  large  as  small  birds.  Their 
webs  were  spread  from  branch  to  branch  of 
large  trees,  or  from  one  tree  to  another. 
They  were  neither  scorpions,  as  such  are  not 
common  (in  fact,  scarcely  known)  in  that 
part  of  China,  nor  were  they  tarantulas, 
which  are  not  found  there.  '  The  Ency- 
clopaedia Britannica '  (9th  ed.,  vol.  xxiii. 
p.  60)  says  that  the  largest  species  of  taran- 
tula does  not  exceed  three-quarters  of  an 
inch  in  length.  J.  DYER  BALL. 

CARDINAL  ALLEN'S  ARMS  (11  S.  iv.  30,  78). 
— According  to  Anthony  a  Wood  ('Athense 
Oxonienses,'  ed.  Bliss,  i.  621),  the  arms 
given  to  Cardinal  Allen  in  the  books  of  lives 
of  the  cardinals  and  Popes  are  "Argent, 
3  conies  or  rabbets  passant  sable."  Burke' s 
'•General  Armory  '  assigns  these  arms  to  the 
Aliens  of  Rossal,  Lanes,  to  which  family  the 
Cardinal  belonged.  E.  G.  T. 

The  family  arms  of  Cardinal  Allen  were 
Argent,  three  conies  in  pale  sable. 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

"  SCAVENGER  "  AND  "  SCAVAGER  "  (11  S. 
iii.  146,  336). — There  is  an  early  reference 
to  scavage  in  a  charter  of  Henry  II. 
(1154-8),  summarized  in  the  'Calendar 
of  Documents  preserved  in  France  '  (No. 
1352)  :— 

"  He  grants  to  the  burgesses  of  St.  Omer  that 
they  may  have  in  the  city  of  London  lodgings 
(hospitia)  at  their  will  and  choice,  and  may  sell 
their  goods  (res)  there  to  whom  they  will  without 
view  of  justice  or  sheriff,  and  without  scavage 
(scawinga),"  &c. 

G.  H.  WHITE. 

St.  Cross,  Harleston,  Norfolk. 

"  DAVID  HUGHSON  "  :  EDWARD  PUGH 
(11  S.  ii.  89  ;  iv.  70).— It  may  interest 
MR.  W.  P.  COURTNEY  to  know  that  I 
possess  three  water-colour  drawings  by 
E.  Pugh  (probably  the  artist  to  whom  he 
refers):  they  are  (1)  'Nottingham  Castle,' 
(2)  '  Loch  Tay,'  and  (3)  '  Near  Capel  Curig.' 
T.  CANN  HUGHES,  M.A.,  F.S.A. 

Lancaster. 

GENEALOGICAL  COLLECTIONS  (US.  iv.  29). 
— Although  C.  W.  R.  H.  asks  us  to  reply 
direct,  I  venture  to  think  that  a  suggestion 
in  '  N.  &  Q.'  respecting  genealogical  collec- 
tions may  be  of  use. 

If  collectors  do  not  wish  to  bequeath 
their  MSS.  to  the  Society  of  Genealogists, 
I  would  advise  that  they  are  not  left  loose 
(either  in  drawers,  cases,  or  envelopes),  for 
such  things  are  frequently  regarded  as  per- 
sonal papers,  and  as  such  doomed  to  destruc- 


tion in  the  copper  fire.  They  should  be 
transcribed  on  quarto  sheets,  an  index 
added,  and  bound  in  buckram  with  the 
contents  lettered  thereon.  This  will  not 
in  every  case  ensure  their  preservation,  but 
in  the  majority  of  instances  it  will,  for 
volumes  of  this  nature  have  a  definite 
marketable  value,  and  even  if  this  were  not 
so,  executors  would  have  some  hesitation 
in  destroying  bound  volumes. 

W.  B.  GERISH. 

VATICAN  FRESCOES  (11  S.  iv.  69). — THETA, 
who  asks  for  light  on  words  upon  old  en- 
gravings of  frescoes  in  the  Vatican,  may  like 
to  know  that  similar  words  are  printed  in  a 
volume  of  engraved  frescoes  in  my  hands, 
viz.,  "  Jo  :  Jacobi  de  Rubeis  formis  cura 
sumptibus  ac  typis  Romse  ad  Templum  S. 
Maria  de  Pace.  Cum  privilegio  Summi 
Pontificis.  1686." 

Rubeis  was  a  publisher  living  at  the  end 
of  the  seventeenth  century  near  the  church 
of  S.  Maria  della  Pace,  close  to  the  Piazza 
Navona,  and  he  published  not  only 
Raffaello's  frescoes  in  the  Vatican,  but  also 
those  painted  in  the  Palazzo  Farnese  (100  in 
number)  by  Annibale  Carracio  of  Bologna  ; 
those  of  Petrus  Aquila,  engraver  and  artist, 
in  the  Palazzo  Barberini  ;  and  those  of 
Carlo  Maratta  in  the  Palazzo  del  Panfilio 
in  the  Piazza  Navona.  The  illustrations 
are  superb,  as  THETA  may  judge  from  his 
Vatican  specimens.  WILLIAM  MERCER. 

The  explanation  asked  for  by  THETA  is 
simple.  The  \\ords  mean  "At  the  printing- 
press  of  Giacomode  Rossi,  near  the  Temple  of 
Peace  [Basilica  of  Constantino  Maxentius], 
Rome."  The  De'  Rossi  were  famous 
printers  of  plans,  panoramas,  &c.,  in  the 
seventeenth  and  eighteenth  centuries.  The 
original  of  one  of  these  (c.  1656)  is  in  my 
possession.  ST.  CLAIR  BADDELEY. 

THE  BURNING  OF  Moscow  (11  S.  iii.  464  • 
iv.  74). — In  a  book  entitled  "  An  Illustrated 
Record  of  Important  events  in  the  Annals 
of  Europe  during  the  Years  1812,  1813, 
1814,  and  1815,  comprising  a  series  of 
Views  of  Paris,  Moscow,  the  Kremlin, 
Dresden,  Berlin,  the  Battles  of  Leipsic,  &c. 
Together  with  a  History  of  those  Momentous 
Transactions.  London,  printed  by  T. 
Bensley,  Bolt  Court,  Fleet  Street,  for  R. 
Bowyer,  Marlborough  Place,  Pall  Mall,  1815," 
I  find  it  stated  at  pp.  6  and  7  that  Count 
Rastopchin  (the  military  Governor  of 
Moscow)  proposed  to  Prince  Kutusoff, 
Commander-in-Chief  of  the  Russian  armies,. 


ii  s.  iv.  A™,  s,  19H.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


117 


the  destruction  of  the  magazines  and  public 
buildings.  This  plan  was  carried  out  after 
the  battle  of  Borodino,  combustibles  being 
applied  to  such  public  edifices  as  were 
marked  out  for  destruction  :  these  were 
kindled  when  the  French  gained  possession 
of  the  Kremlin,  and  the  immense  city  of 
Moscow  was  involved  in  one  general  con- 
flagration. 

F.  E.  R.  POLLARD -URQUHART. 
Craigston  Castle,  Turriff,  N.B. 

"  THINK  IT  POSSIBLE  THAT  YOU  MAY  BE 
WRONG  "  :  CROMWELL  (US.  iv.  68). — The 
words  "  I  beseech  you,  in  the  bowels  of 
Christ,  think  it  possible  you  may  be 
mistaken,"  occur  in  Cromwell's  letter  to 
the  General  Assembly  of  the  Kirk  of  Scot- 
land, dated  Musselburgh,  3  August,  1650  ; 
see  Carlyle's  '  Cromwell's  Letters  and 
Speeches,'  2nd  ed.,  London,  1816,  vol.  ii.  p. 
188.  W.  S. 

The  words  occur  in  the  letter  addressed 
by  Cromwell  to  the  General  Assembly  of  the 
Kirk  of  Scotland.  The  letter  is  given  in 
'  The  Letters  and  Speeches  of  Oliver  Crom- 
well, by  Thomas  Carlyle,'  edited  by  C.  S. 
Lomas,  vol.  ii.  p.  77.  I  do  not  remember  if 
the  words  are  quoted  by  Kingsley  anywhere  ; 
but  they  are  quoted  by  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Stephen  in  '  The  History  of  the  Scottish 
Church  '  and  by  Dr.  Andrew  Lang  in  his  able 
'  History  of  Scotland.' 

HUGH  S.  MACLEAN. 

Birmingham. 

For  this  quotation  see  Carlyle's  *  Oliver 
Cromwell's  Letters  and  Speeches,'  iii.  22 
(Chap nan  &  Hall,  1870).  The  expression 
"in  the  bowels  of  Christ"  seems  to  have  been 
a  favourite,  or  at  least  a  common  one,  with 
Cromwell;  see  'Letters  and  Speeches,'  iii. 
53,  76,  &c.  T.  F.  D. 

[HARRIET  SHAWE  also  thanked  for  reference.] 

DRAWING  THE  ORGAN  (US.  iii.  349,  412, 
475). — From  the  manner  of  entry  I  should 
say  the  item,  "  for  drawing  thorganes, 
12d.,"  refers  to  the  payment  of  the  person 
who  blew  the  bellows  of  the  organ,  and  not 
to  that  of  the  organist,  whose  emolument 
would  surely  be  greater,  even  in  the  six- 
teenth century.  N.  W.  HILL. 

'  CHURCH  HISTORIANS  OF  ENGLAND  ' 
{11  S.  iii.  308,  373;  iv.  58). — My  answer 
at  the  second  reference  was  based  partly 
on  Allibone  and  partly  .on  the  '  D.N.B.' 
Possibly  I  may  have  erred  in  supposing 
that  the  issues  of  '  The  Church  Historians,' 


recorded  in  the  '  D.N.B.'  corresponded  with 
those  indicated  by  Allibone.  At  all  events, 
double  volumes  were  published  in  1853, 
1854,  and  1856,  and  a  single  volume  in  1855, 
making  7  parts  in  all.  According  to  Alli- 
bone, there  was  an  eighth  part,  which 
appeared  apparently  in  1858,  and  was 
reviewed  in  The  Gentleman's  Magazine  for 
that  year  on  the  termination  of  the  series. 

.W.    SCOTT. 

May  I  respectfully  suggest  that  R.  B — R 
(last  reference)  should  say  which  of  the 
two  series  he  writes  of  ?  There  are  the 
"  Pre-Reformation  "  and  the  "  Reforma- 
tion "  series. 

It  would  appear  from  his  mentioning  five 
volumes  only  that  he  must  be  referring  to  the 
"  Pre-Reformation  "  series.  But  he  speaks 
of  having  part  i.  of  vol.  i.,  which,  according 
to  my  information  (see  iii.  373),  was  never 
issued.  I  regret  that,  being  away  from 
home,  I  cannot  now  get  at  my  copies  of  the 
two  series  (lacking  part  i.  of  vol.  i.  of  the 
"  Reformation  "  series),  or  the  letter  written 
to  me  in  1883  by  Mr.  G.  Seeley  giving  full 
information.  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

BULL YV ANT  :  BUTTYVANT  (11  S.  iii. 
444  ;  iv.  18).— Dr.  Joyce,  *  Irish  Names  of 
Places,'  says  that  Buttervant  is  derived 
from  Boutez-en-avant,  a  French  phrase 
meaning  "  Push  forward  !  "  the  motto  of  the 
Barrymore  family.  The  Irish  name  of  the 
place,  namely,  Kilnamullagh,  is  said  by 
the  peasantry  to  mean  "  the  church  of  the 
curse."  Dr.  Joyce  says  the  legend  in  con- 
nexion with  this  title  is  erroneous,  and  an 
invention  of  later  times,  the  correct  meaning 
of  Kilnamullagh  being  "  the  church  of  the 
hillocks,  or  summits." 

WILLIAM  MACARTHUR. 

"  NIB  "  =  SEPARATE  PEN-POINT  (11  S.  iii. 
346  ;  iv.  54).— The  complete  writing  pen  is 
stem,  holder,  and  pen  :  the  nib  is  the  point 
of  the  pen  itself.  People  ask  for  nibs  = 
pens.  Quill  pens  were  going  out,  and  steel 
pens  were  coming  in,  in  my  earliest  school- 
days ;  but  the  old  master  stuck  to  the  quill, 
and  being  a  good  maker  and  mender,,  he 
was  in  much  request.  In  making  and  mend- 
ing he  would  ask,  "  A  fine  or  thick  neb  ?  " 
No  one  said  "nib  "  ;  it  was  always  "  neb," 
and  it  was  so  when  speaking  of  a  duck's 
"  neb  "  or  anything  resembling  a  neb. 
Persons  say  "  nib  "  when  asking  for  the  whole 
pen— holder  and  "  shaft  "  not  included. 
THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

Work  sop. 


118 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [11  s.  iv.  A™,  s,  mi. 


BISHOPSGATE  STREET  WITHOUT  :  SIB 
HUMPHREY  CAHOON  OR  COLQUHOUN  (US.  iii. 
2,  142,  403,  476).— I  would  suggest  that 
this  unfortunate  "  Scotch  gentleman  "  was 
Humphrey  Colquhoun  of  Tillichewan  or 
Tilliquhoun,  heir  male  of  Sir  John  Colquhoun, 
1st  Baronet  of  Luss.  Sir  John  had  at  least 
three  sons,  the  eldest  of  whom  was  Sir 
John,  2nd  Baronet,  father  of  Sir  James, 
3rd  Baronet.  The  second  son  was  Sir 
James,  4th  Baronet,  father  of  Sir  Hum- 
phrey, 5th  Baronet,  who  died  in  1718  and 
was  succeeded  by  his  son-in-law.  A  third 
son  of  the  1st  Baronet  was  Alexander  of 
Tillichewan,  Dumbartonshire,  himself  father 
of  an  elder  son  "  John,  of  Tilliquhoun,  who," 
according  to  Burke, 

"on  the  death  of  Sir  Humphrey  of  Luss,  in  1718, 
became  heir  male  of  the  family.  In  the  belief  that 
his  right  under  the  patent  of  1625  was  unaffected 
by  the  resignation  of  1704,  he  assumed  the  Nova 
Scotia  baronetcy,  as  did  his  son  Humphrey,  who 
d.  unm.  1722." 

We  have  thus  clearly  an  individual  dying  in 
1722  and  styling  himself  at  that  time  Sir 
Humphrey  Colquhoun.  It  would  be  inter- 
esting, however,  to  have  an  authoritative 
statement  on  the  matter.  B.  B. 

Manila. 

GUILD  OF  CLOTHIERS  (11  S.  iv.  8,  50). — 
Perhaps  a  note  might  be  made  of  the  follow- 
ing publication  as  a  slight  addition  to  the 
full  and  interesting  information  given  in  the 
latter  reference  : — 

*  Memorials  of  the  Guild  of  Merchant  Taylors' 
Company.'  By  C.  M.  Clode.  Parti.  1875. 

1  The  Early  History  of  the  Guild  of  Merchant 
Taylors  of  the  Fraternity  of  St.  John  the  Baptist, 
London,  with  Notices  of  the  Lives  of  some  of  its 
Eminent  Members.'  Part  II.  1888. 

The  work  was  printed  by  Harrison  & 
Sons  for  private  circulation.  S.  S.  W. 

SKEAT  ON  DERIVATIONS  (11  S.  iv.  7). — 
A  similar  statement  to  that  about  which 
EMERITUS  inquires  may  be  found  on  p.  xv., 
In  trod.,  Brachet's  '  Etymological  French 
Dictionary  '  (translation  by  Kitchin)  : — 

"  We  may,  in  fact,  always  feel  safe  in  laying 
down  as  an  invariable  axiom  in  etymology  the 
principle  that '  two  identical  words  are  not  derived 
from  one  another.'  " 

P.    A.    McELWAINE. 

"MAKE  A  LONG  ARM"  (11  S.  iv.  44). — 
I  remember  my  father  (who  died  in  1883) 
frequently  using  the  above  phrase,  long  pre- 
vious to  and  years  after  1860,  when  he  wished 
one  of  us  to  pass  him  something  which  he 
could  not  reach  without  rising  from  the 
table,  but  which  was  sufficiently  near  to  the 


person  addressed.  He  was  rather  witty 
in  a  quiet  way,  so  we  took  it  for  granted 
that  the  saying  was  his  own  ;  but  no  doubt 
it  was,  like  many  more  of  our  family  quips 
and  cranks,  an  old  saw  learned  in  early  life 
from  his  father  or  mother. 

The  "  long  arm "  has,  of  course,  found 
frequent  mention  in  a  figurative  sense, 
in  literature,  sacred  and  profane. 

HERBERT  B.    CLAYTON. 

'39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennington  Lane. 

LUSH  AND   LUSHINGTON   SURNAMES    (US. 

iii.  490;  iv.  53). — Charnock  in  '  Ludus 
Patronymicus  '  considers  that  Lush  is 
formed  from  the  place-name  Lush,  in  the- 
county  of  Dublin,  or  from  that  of  Lusk  in  the 
county  of  Dumbarton  ;  while  Barber  believes 
it  to  be  identical  with  the  German  personal 
name  Losch.  See,  however.  Lower's  re- 
marks in  his  '  Essay  on  English  Surnames/ 
vol.  i.  pp.  242-3. 

Lushington  may  be  a  "  ghost "  spelling 
of  Luddington.  N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 


0tt 


A  Scots  Dialect  Dictionary.  Compiled  by  Alex- 
ander Warrack.  With  an  Introduction  and 
Dialect  Map  by  William  Grant.  (W.  &  R. 
Chambers.  ) 

MESSRS.  CHAMBERS  won  our  confidence  years  ago 
by  their  admirable  '  Biographical  Dictionary  ' 
in  one  volume,  the  best  guide  of  its  kind  which 
we  know.  We  now  add  to  our  books  of  reference 
with  pleasure  a  concise  Scotch  Dictionary  which 
gives  a  great  deal  of  information  in  its  717  pages 
apart  from  introductory  matter.  The  period: 
covered  extends  from  the  latter  part  of  the  seven- 
teenth century  to  the  beginning  of  the  twentieth, 
i.e.,  the  Scotch  which  readers  will  chiefly  come 
across  in  extant  books.  "  Kailyard  "  novels, 
and  correspondence,  and  dialect  stories  in  fugi- 
tive publications  are  among  the  sources  of  infor- 
mation ;  and  Mr.  Warrack's  competence  may  be 
judged  from  the  fact  that  he  contributed  over 
200,000  quotations  of  Scottish  dialect  words 
to  the  '  English  Dialect  Dictionary,'  besides 
reading  the  proofs.  It  is  interesting  to  learn 
that  a  large  number  of  words  here  are  taken  from 
the  \vriting  of  an  Aberdeenshire  postman. 

The  available  space  did  not  allow  of  derivations 
being  added,  but  an  obelus  is  attached  to  words 
imported  from  abroad.  All  the  words  for  which 
we  have  looked  are  satisfactorily  explained,  and 
we  have  no  doubt  that  the  volume  will  be  a 
success. 

Gothic  Architecture  in  England  and  France.     By 

George  H.  West,  D.D.     (Bell  &  Sons.) 
A  KEEN  student  of  architectural  art,  Dr.  West 
possesses  all  the  qualities  which  a  work  like  this 
demands,  and  we  can  heartily  congratulate  him 
on  the  success  which  he  has  achieved.     To  give  a 


ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  5,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


119 


resume,  at  once  concise  and  sufficiently  full,  of  an 
immense  subject  is  no  easy  task  ;  but  the  amount 
of  co-ordinated  knowledge  of  architecture,  of 
history  and  ecclesiastical  antiquities,  which  Dr. 
West  has  managed  to  pack  into  this  instructive 
volume,  shows  the  hand  of  a  master.  It  is  more- 
over written  in  an  attractive  style  which  some- 
times rises  into  eloquence. 

The  comparative  merits  and  demerits  of  the 
French  and  English  builders  in  the  point  of  artistic 
expression  are  fully  discussed,  and  the  author 
awards  the  palm  to  the  French  architects,  especially 
for  the  marvellous  elaboration  of  the  western 
fronts  of  their  cathedrals  ;  while,  on  the  other 
hand,  the  more  restrained  and  sober,  and  there- 
fore dignified,  beauty  of  our  English  minsters 
contrasts  favourably  with  the  often  extravagant 
ornamentation  of  their  Gallic  sisters.  He  declines 
to  give  an  answer  to  the  question  which  of  the 
two  nations  has  done  the  better  ;  but  he  more  than 
suggests  one  in  his  final  alternative  :  "  Whether 
is  it  better  to  aim  at  a  lofty  ideal,  which,  proving 
beyond  our  reach,  may  become  a  mere  dream  of 
Heaven — or  to  be  content  with  a  lower  one  within 
our  grasp,  even  though  it  may  keep  us  bound  to 
earth."  He  had  just  before  summed  up  our 
national  weakness  in  these  unflattering  terms  : 
"  In  art,  as  in  empire,  the  English  race  has  ever 
been  the  same — opportunist,  realistic,  incapable  in 
material  matters  of  ever  forming  an  ideal  much 
above  the  Here  and  Now  of  daily  life." 

Among  other  points  of  interest  Dr.  West  notes 
that  it  was  the  Roman  house,  rather  than  the 
Basilica,  which  furnished  the  ground-plan  of  the 
earliest  Christian  churches,  a  view  which  will  be 
new  to  many.  A  lavish  supply  of  illustrations — 
mostly  original,  but  in  many  cases  taken  from 
Bloxam's  well-known  work — adds  much  to  the 
charm  of  the  book. 

IN  The  Cornhlll  Magazine  Sir  Charles  Darling 
has  a  paraphrase  of  Villon's  Ballad  of  Ladies  of 
Old  Time  which  is  elegant  in  its  way,  but  too 
concise  in  style  to  be  quite  satisfactory.  The  Mar- 
chesa  Peruzzi  de'  Medici  (nee  Edith  Storey)  has 
a  pretty  reminiscence  of  '  Thackeray,  my  Child- 
hood's Friend,'  which  reveals  the  novelist's  tender 
heart  for  the  young.  Mr.  Edmund  Gosse  goes 
back  to  his  view,  as  a  young  man,  of  '  Two 
Northern  Prelates,'  of  whom  he  gives  a  vivid 
account ;  and  Mr.  W.  D.  Howells  makes  the  most 
of  '  The  Human  Interest  of  Buxton,'  writing  with 
the  ease  of  an  accomplished  hand.  '  Priam's 
Cellars  '  is  a  fascinating  account  by  Sir  A.  Quiller- 
Couch  of  how  he  came  into  the  possession  of  an 
overgrown  and  half -forgotten  garden.  "  Q."  is 
here  at  his  best  in  his  own  district  of  Troy.  '  Some 
Soul  of  Goodness,'  by  R.  O.  M.,  is  a  capital  short 
story  of  a  gipsy-boy  whose  black  eyes  won  the 
favour  of  a  girl.  She  found  out  the  scheme  by 
which  he  recovered  his  dog  from  a  party  of  rival 
gipsies,  but  let  him  go  for  the  sake  of  a  kiss. 

Mr.  A.  C.  Benson  has  an  excellent  subject 
in  Charles  Kingsley,'  and  brings  out  well  the 
vigour  and  force  of  the  man.  But  he  begins  with 
contrasting  his  subject  and  Pepys,  as  their  por- 
traits gaze  at  each  other  in  Magdalene  College, 
Cambridge,  and  says,  "  The  tribe  of  Pepys  exploit 
the  world,  but  do  not  advance  things  a  jot." 
He  seems  not  to  have  realized  that  the  navy  of 
England — rather  an  important  part  of  the 
country — owes  much  to  Samuel  Pepys  as  an 


honest  and  capable  administrator.  The  story  o* 
Kingsley  suddenly  feeling  the  need  for  tobacco  and 
producing  a  pipe  out  of  a  big  furze-bush  is- 
pleasant,  but  not  novel. 

In  the  competition  concerning  Thackeray  the 
replies  are  given,  and  questions  are  asked  about 
Tennyson  by  Mr.  A.  D.  Godley. 

The  Fortnightly  opens  with  an  appreciation  by 
"  Index  "  of  '  A  Business-like  King,'  and  there  are,, 
as  usual,  several  other  political  articles.  '  Some 
Talks  with  Mr.  Roosevelt,'  by  Mr.  Sydney  Brooks, 
tells  us  a  good  deal  that  is  of  interest  concerning 
a  figure  less  dominant  than  heretofore.  He  says 
that  America  as  a  whole  has  not  lost  its  interest 
in  Mr.  Roosevelt.  "  The  East,  and  Wall  Street 
especially,  still  honours  him  with  a  quite  dis- 
tinctive hatred,  and  the  New  York  Press  practic- 
ally boycotts  him."  He  does  not  hanker  to 
return  to  the  Presidency,  and  is  "  still  frankly 
disappointed  in  Mr.  Taft."  Mr.  Brooks,  whose 
writing  is  always  thoughtful  and  better  balanced 
than  that  of  the  violent  partisan,  considers  Mr^ 
Wood#ow  Wilson,  the  ex-President  of  Princeton. 
University,  as  the  most  likely  Democratic  candi- 
date next  year  for  the  White  House.  '  Spanish- 
Novelists  of  To-day,'  by  Lily  Higgin,  and  '  Sal- 
vatore  di  Giacomo  :  the  Poet  of  Naples,'  by  Mrs.- 
Arthur  Harter,  are  instances  of  the  articles  on 
foreign  literature  which  make  The  Fortnightly 
of  special  interest. 

The  most  noteworthy  article  in  the  number 
for  us,  however,  is  '  An  Educational  Wonder- 
Worker :  Maria  Montessori's  Method,'  by 
Josephine  Tozier.  It  concerns  the  teaching  of 
a  lady  professor  in  Italy  who  has  worked  at  a 
school  for  feeble-minded  children,  and  more 
recently  at  some  new  infant  schools  in  Rome,, 
where  wonderful  results  have  been  attained,  by 
the  use  chiefly  of  the  sense  of  touch,  which  is 
used  as  "  the  great  interpreter  of  vision  and  guide 
to  accuracy  of  perception."  The  ideas  and  results 
here  put  forward  suggest  that  Maria  Montessori 
will  make  something  like  a  revolution  hi  education- 
'  Edward  Munch  '  is  no  doubt  a  remarkable 
Norwegian  artist,  but  the  Count  de  Soissons  writes* 
concerning  him  in  too  excited  and  lyrical  a  strain: 
to  carry  conviction.  '  From  Father  to  Son  '  is- 
a  thoughtful  commentary  on  the  present  state  of 
politics  by  Mr.  T.  H.  S.  Escott,  who  dwells  in- 
geniously on  various  good  points  in  the  Lords. 
Prof.  R.  Y.  Tyrrell's  '  Samuel  Johnson :  an 
Unbiassed  Appreciation,'  has  the  grace  of  all  his. 
writing,  but  is  not,  to  our  mind,  a  very  searching 
piece  of  criticism.  The  Professor  notes  quite 
rightly  that  "  the  fame  of  Johnson  rests  mainly 
on  his  talk,"  and,  further,  that  he  is  hardly  likely 
to  have  a  rival  among  the  literary  men  of  London 
to-day,  as  they  reserve  their  happy  phrases  for 
the  press.  The  point  of  the  passage  from  Con- 
greve's  '  Mourning  Bride  '  seems  to  be  missed. 
It  is  surely  that  Shakespeare  had  no  such  appre- 
ciation of  architectural  effect.  The  criticism  of 
Johnson's  imitations  of  Juvenal  does  not  seem 
to  us  altogether  fair,  and  while  correcting  the 
popular  form  hi  which  one  familiar  line  is  quoted, 
the  Professor  appears  to  misquote  another.  The 
line 

Slow  rises  worth  by  poverty  oppress' d 
ends  really  with  "  depress' d,"  and  is  preceded,, 
we  think,  by  the  weaker  line. 


120 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         rn  s.  iv.  AUG.  5, 1011. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — AUGUST. 

MB.  ANDREW  BAXENDINE'S  Edinburgh  Cata- 
logue 124  contains  the  Library  Edition  of  Dickens, 
30  vols.,  green  cloth,  new,  Ql.  6s.  ;  the  original 
illustrated  Library  Edition  of  the  Waverley 
Novels,  25  vols.,  half -morocco,  1852-3,  81.  10s.  Qd. ; 
also  various  other  sets  and  some  first  editions. 
Works  under  Angling  include  Grimble's  '  Salmon 
Rivers  of  Scotland,'  4  vols.,  4to,  1899,  51.  10s.  Qd. 
There  are  interesting  items  under  Burns,  Fife, 
and  Flowers.  Under  George  Meredith  is  the 
Clear-Type  Edition,  12  vols.,  cloth,  1889-95, 
21.  2s.  The  Library  Edition  of  Hugh  Miller's 
Works,  13  vols.,  cloth,  is  11.  Is.  Under  Rox- 
burghshire is  Jeffrey's  '  History,'  4  vols.,  1855-64, 
31.  3s.  There  are  a  number  of  works  under 
Scotland.  Under  R.  L.  Stevenson  are  first  edi- 
tions ;  also  the  Swanston  Edition,  with  introduc- 
tion by  Mr.  Lang,  1911-12,  2  vols.,  11.  10s.  The 
Library  Edition  of  Kinglake's  '  Crimea,'  8  vols., 
half-calf,  1863-87,  is  31.  3s. 

Mr.  William  Glaisher's  Catalogue  379  is  a  list 
of  Remainders.  There  are  many  books  beauti- 
fully illustrated  in  colour.  These  include  'Assisi 
of  St.  Francis,'  7s.,  or  large  paper  15s.  ;  Mar- 
goliouth's  '  Cairo,  Jerusalem,  and  Damascus,' 
7s.,  large  paper  15s.  ;  '  The  Clyde,'  described  by 
Neil  Munro,  7s.  Qd.  ;  '  Liverpool,'  painted  by 
Hay,  described  by  Dixon  Scott,  2s.  Qd.  ;  '  The 
New  Forest,'  painted  and  described  by  Mrs. 
Willingham  Rawnsley,  3s.  Qd. ;  Durand's  '  Oxford,' 
9s.  ;  '  John  Pettie,'  by  Martin  Hardie,  6s.  Qd.  ; 
and  '  Switzerland,'  by  Clarence  Rook,  fifty-six 
coloured  plates  by  Mrs.  Jardine,  7s.  Under 
*  Brougham  and  his  Early  Friends '  are  letters  to 
James  Loch,  1798-1809,  arranged  by  Atkinson 
and  Jackson,  3  vols.,  royal  Svo,  half -vellum,  gilt 
tops,  privately  printed,  published  at  51.  5s.,  now 
offered  at  10s.  The  third  volume  contains  an 
extended  biography,  and  includes  an  account  of 
the  foundation  of  The  Edinburgh. 

In  a  four-page  addition  to  the  list  we  find  Volk- 
mann's  illustrations  to  Dante,  8s.  ;  Life  of  Sir 
George  Grove,  by  C.  L.  Graves,  3s.  ;  Macalister's 
'  Ecclesiastical  Vestments,'  4s.  ;  and  '  Orrock, 
Painter,  Connoisseur,  and  Collector,'  by  Webber, 
2  vols.,  21.  12s.  (published  at  10Z.  10s.  net). 

Messrs.  Sotheran  &  Co.  send  a  Coronation 
Number.  It  contains  many  illustrations  of 
magnificent  Cosway  and  jewelled  bindings,  includ- 
ing an  Omar  with  a  thousand  jewels,  which 
has  taken  nearly  two  years  to  produce.  Among 
many  beautiful  books  is  Edmund  Gosse's  '  Painters 
.and  Engravers  of  the  Eighteenth  Century,'  in 
levant  with  9  miniatures  on  either  side,  the  price 
being  851.  Another  fine  example  of  Cosway 
binding  is  the  Diary  of  Major  Andre,  the  minia- 
tures including  Washington,  Andre,  and  his 
betrothed,  Miss  Sneyd,  General  Wolfe,  and  others, 
121.  10s.  Yet  another  specimen  is  Ireland's 
'  Napoleon,'  with  9  miniatures,  2851. 

Other  works  include  '  Sonnets  from  the  Portu- 

fuese,'  10Z.  10s.  ;  Keats,  Chiswick  Edition, 
vols.,  crown  4to,  a  choice  specimen  of 
Riviere's  binding,  32 51. ;  and  a  Boccaccio 
extended  to  10  vols.  by  675  additional 
engravings,  levant,  105Z.  Under  Extra-Illus- 
trated Books  we  find  Morley's  '  Bartholomew 
Fair,'  105Z.  ;  and  Knight's  '  Pictorial  Shake- 


speare,' 8  vols.,  extended  to  95  ready  for  binding, 
1838-42,  enclosed  in  an  elaborately  carved  book- 
case of  woods  collected  from  40  different  sources 
connected  with  Shakespeare's  life,  or  buildings 
and  localities  mentioned  in  the  plays,  750Z. 
Under  Vauxhall  Gardens  is  a  remarkable  collec- 
tion, 9  vols.,  royal  folio,  olive  morocco,  185/, 

The  general  portion  contains  '  Sartor  Resartus,' 
a  presentation  copy,  levant  by  Riviere,  1834, 
101.  10s.  Under  Branwell  Bronte  is  '  The  Pirate,' 
an  unpublished  MS.,  signed  at  the  end  "P.  B. 
Bronte,  February  8th,  A.D.  1833,"  in  the  original 
brown-paper  cover,  12?.  12s.  Mr.  Clement 
Shorter  describes  this  as  "  the  most  pretentious 
of  Branwell's  prose  stories."  There  are  French 
illustrated  books  of  the  eighteenth  century, 
a  number  of  Tenniel's  original  drawings,  much 
of  interest  under  Americana,  and  many  scarce 
second-hand  books  and  choice  editions.  The 
illustrations  include  a  key  to  the  Shakespeare 
bookcase,  showing  the  various  places  from  which 
the  woods  have  been  taken. 

Messrs.  Sotheran  also  send  No.  716  of  their 
Price  Current.  It  contains  important  scientific 
sets,  these  including  The  Philosophical  Magazine, 
The  Annual  Register,  Archceologia,  Geographical 
Society,  and  Geological  Society.  In  the  general 
portion  we  find  the  first  collected  edition  of 
Beaumont  and  Fletcher,  2  vols.,  folio,  in  1, 
1647-52,  red  levant,  281.  There  is  a  choice  set 
of  Coleridge,  Pickering,  1835-53,  27  vols.,  half- 
calf,  111.  11s.  Under  Dickens  is  the  scarce 
dated  edition,  24  vols.,  cloth,  1861-5,  HZ.  11s. 
Under  Rochefoucauld  are  two  important  manu- 
scripts. There  is  a  large  Collection  of  Sporting 
Books,  comprising  a  number  of  works  under 
Angling,  Daniel's  '  Rural  Sports,'  Millais's  '  Breath 
from  the  Veldt,'  Mytton's  memoirs,  and  other 
well-known  works. 

[Notices  of  other  Catalogues  held  over.] 


We  must  call  special  attention   to    the  following 

notices  :— 

To  secure  insertion  of  communications  corre- 
spondents must  observe  the  following  rules.  Let 
each  note,  query,  or  reply  be  written  on  a  separate 
slip  of  paper,  with  the  signature  of  the  writer  and 
such  address  as  he  wishes  to  appear.  When  answer- 
ing queries,  or  making  notes  with  regard  to  previoui 
entries  in  the  paper,  contributors  are  requested  to 
put  in  parentheses,  immediately  after  the  exact 
heading,  the  series,  volume,  and  page  or  pages  to 
which  they  refer.  Correspondents  who  repeat 
queries  are  requested  to  head  the  second  com- 
munication "  Duplicate." 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addres&ed 
to  "The  Editor  of  '  Notes  and  Queries'" — Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub- 
lishers " — at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

R.  VAUGHAN  GOWER  ("  Right  to  use  the  Cock- 
ade").— This  subject  has  been  much  discussed 
in  '  N.  &  Q.'  See  10  S.  ii.  407,  537  ;  iii.  356  ; 
and  the  references  there  supplied. 


ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  12,  ion.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


121 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  AUGUST  13,  1911. 


121— 
Bois 


CONTENTS.-No.  85. 

NOTES:— The  Water  Supply  of  London  in  1641, 
Quotations  in  Jeremy  Taylor,  122  —  Chesham 
Inscriptions,  123— Great  Fosters,  Egham,  125— "  Plump  " 
in  Voting — "Bed  of  roses" — Avignon:  Old  Railway 
Notice-T.  R.  Malthus,  126— Turton^Gordon,  127. 

•QUERIES  :— "  Theatregoer  "—Horses'  Ghosts— "De  La  "in 
English  Surnames,  127  —  '  Testamenta  Eboracensia ' — 
James  Hoi  worthy,  Artist— Indian  Queens,  Place-Name— 
Stonehenge:  'The  Birth  of  Merlin,'  128— Water-Colour 
Artists  —  Miss  Hickey,  Burke,  and  Reynolds  —  Rev. 
Phocion  Henley — "Vive  la  Beige" — Washington  Irving's 
•  Sketch-Book,'  129— Fox  and  Knot  Street— Fort  Russell, 
Hudson's  Bay— Aldus  Manutius— Timothy  Alsop— Camp- 
bell the  Scottish  Giant— Aynescombe— Morlena  Fenwig, 
130. 

REPLIES  :— Municipal  Records  Printed,  131— Longinus  and 
St.  Paul—"  Gothamites  "=Londoners— "  Gifla,"  133— Half- 
acree— Apparition  at  Pirton— Princess  Victoria's  Visit  to 
the  Marquis  of  Anglesey — King  George  V.'s  Ancestors — 
Thermometer,  134  — Milky  Way  — Cuckoo  Rimes— The 
Cuckoo  and  its  Call— Gray's  Elegy,'  135— Authors  Wanted 
— "  Tout  comprendre  " — Elector  Palatine  c.  1685— Durable- 
ton— Caracciolo  Family  —  '  Tweedside,'  136— Board  of 
Green  Cloth— "  Water-suchy  "—Spider  Stories— Saint-Just 
— Corrie  Bhreachan— Grinling  Gibbons,  137— Daniel  Horry 
— Deer  -  leaps— Royal  Exchange— Sampson  Family— Irish 
Schoolboys—"  Wimple  "—Mummy  used  as  Paint,  138. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS:  — 'The  Veddas  '  —  'The  National 
Review'—'  The  Burlington  Magazine.' 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 
Notices  to  Correspondents. 


THE  WATER  SUPPLY  OF  LONDON 
IN  W41. 

THE  completion  of  the  New  River  and  the 
appreciation  of  its  many  advantages  would, 
it  can  be  assumed,  give  rise  to  many  similar 
schemes,  and  a  pamphlet  now  before  me 
deals  with  one  of  the  most  interesting.  It 
was  printed  for  John  Clarke,  London,  1641, 
and  the  title  reads  : — 

"  A  Designe  for  bringing  a  Navigable  River  from 
Rickmansworth  in  Hertfordshire  to  St.  Gyles  in 
the  Field  ;  the  Benefits  of  it  declared,  and  the 
objections  against  it  answered." 

.  The  King  having  approved  of  a  measure 
for  bringing  water  from  Rickmansworth  in 
Hertfordshire,  by  Harrow-on -the-Hill,  to 
St.  Giles-in-the-Fields,  Edward  Forde,  of 
Harting  in  Sussex,  proposes  to  make  this 
watercourse  a  navigable  stream. 

"Though  it  were  first  proposed  to  him,  and  hee 
no  farther  obliged,  or  any  way  prest  to  doe  any 


thing  more  in  this  worke,  then  to  bring  the  Trench 
broad  enough  to  serve  the  cities  [sic\  onely  with 
water," 

yet  at  his  own  charge,  and  giving  security 
of  "  8,000^.  lands  per  annum  "  to  complete 
it,  he  offers  to  undertake  the  greater  work. 

The  advantages  are  that  it  will  afford 
employment  during  construction  ;  that 

"many  parts  of  Hartfordshire,  Buckingshire  [*ic] 
and  Middlesex,  whose  chiefest  livelihood  is  the 
sending  of  meale  to  London,  will  have  portage  at 
farre  cheaper  rate,  and  a  more  plentiful!  vent  for 
it,  then  now  they  have  "  ; 

that 

"the  soile  of  London,  which  is  one  of  the  chiefest 
measures  of  enriching  the  countrey,  and  indeed 
the  onely  meanes  of  bringing  their  lands  to  hart 
after  it  is  worne  out  with  chaulking  and  blowing," 

will  be  brought  at  a  cheaper  rate  and  in 
larger  quantities  ;  that  the  highways  will 
be  less  spoilt  by  "  perpetual  cartage  "  ; 
that  the  cattle  on  both  sides  of  the  stream 
will  have  the  benefit  of  fresh  water  ;  and 
that 

"the  City  of  London  will  also  by  this  have  the 
ornament  of  a  navigable  river  on  the  north-west 
side,  as  it  hath  on  the  south  by  Thames,  and  on  the 
east  by  Ware  River." 

The  most  interesting  advantage  occurs 
in  Clause  XI.  : — 

"Those  parts  of  London  which  are  now  very 
much  scanted  of  water,  will  have  it  in  a  plentifull 
measure,  and  such  as  shall  be  alwayes  cleere  and  fit 
for  all  uses  :  all  land  floods,  and  foule  waters,  which 
frequently  occasion  the  muddiness  of  Sr.  William 
f«c]  Middleton's  water,  being  by  artificall  con- 
veyances, diverted  and  kept  wholly  out  of  the 
streame." 

The  objections  were  many,  but  the  Lords  of 
the  Committee  having  heard  and  examined 
all,  only  one  remained :  "  That  the  water 
being  taken  away  at  Rickmansworth  will 
much  prejudice  all  those  that  dwell  upon  the 
river  below,"  by  depriving  them  of  their 
fish;  by  hindering  winter  land  floods  ;  "by 
spoyling  corn  milles  "  ;  by  taking  away 
fences;  "by  spoyling  their  paper  mills." 
The  promoter  replied  that  this  objection 
was  based  upon  a  mistake,  because  below 
the  intake  of  the  stream,  and  before  the 
river  reaches  Uxb ridge,  "there  fall  in  to- 
gether five  severall  plentifull  swift  streames, 
upon  every  one  of  which  stand  several 
mills  of  good  value,"  &c. 

The  objection  of  the  paper-makers  at 
Rickmansworth  is  met  by  the  promise  of 
compensation  or  the  acquisition  of  the  mill. 

"There  are  but  seven  in  all The  water  taken 

for  this  worke  cannot  possibly  bee  missed  by  them 
unless  it  bee  for  the  time  of  a  moneth  or  two  in  a 
dry  summer,  when  perhaps  it  may  for  that  short 
time  hinder  the  wo  king  of  some  few  hammers." 


122 


NOTES  AND  Q UERIES.       ni  s.  iv.  ADG.  12, 1911.. 


An  excellent  little  map  of  the  Colne  river 
shows  where  the  new  cut  is  to  be  made 
between  Rickmansworth  and  Watford,  the 
stream  going  north  of  Hillingdon  ;  anc 
a  woodblock  on  the  title-page  shows  th 
Thames  and  London,  with  the  Westbourne 
crossing  "  Hid.  P."  (Hyde  Park),  and  the 
Fleet  passing  just  east  of  "  Mar.  P."  (Ma 
lebone  Park),  but  not  Forde's  new  river 
entering  St.  Giles-in-t  he-Fields. 

Apparently  the  scheme,  which  the  politica 
disturbances  of  the  days  crushed,  was  not 
revived  at  the  Restoration.  Nothing 
further  is  heard  of  it,  but  in  1828  John 
Martin  in  his  '  Plan  for  supplying  Pure 
Water  to  London,'  &c.,  made  use  of  at 
least  part  of  the  idea,  as  he  proposed  to 
bring  the  river  Colne  from  near  Denham 
and  Uxbridge,  by  tunnel  and  aqueduct 
through  Northolt  and  Honington  Hill,  to 
a  reservoir  at  Paddington.  For  the  greater 
part  of  its  length  this  would  run  by  the 
side  of  the  Grand  Junction  Canal.  I  have 
not  ascertained  if  Martin  endeavoured  to 
obtain  the  necessary  capital  and  power.  I 
am  afraid  the  fact  that  he  sought  to  make 
his  river  beautiful  by  waterfalls  and  cascades 
was  too  much  for  that  utilitarian  age. 
Robert  Stephenson  in  his  Report  on  the 
London  and  Westminster  Water  Company 
(1840)  refers  to  this  proposal  of  "Mr. 
Martin  the  artist,"  and  supports  a  scheme 
which  apparently  Telford,  Paton,  and  others 
had  advanced,  of  drawing  water  from  the 
Colne  or  wells  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Watford. 

But  I  need  not  discuss  these  many  rami- 
fications of  Edward  Forde's  excellent  idea. 
Unless  I  am  much  at  fault,  this  pamphlet 
was  not  known  to  J.  Parton,  who  has  no 
reference  to  it  in  his  excellent  volume  on 
St.  Giles-in-the-Fields. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 


QUOTATIONS    IN    JEREMY    TAYLOR. 
(See  11  S.  i.  466  ;    ii.  65  ;    iii.  122.) 

VOL.  IV.  (C.  P.  Eden's  edition,  1848),  p.  195, 
"  They  are  like  the  tigers  of  Brazil.  .  .  ." — - 
At  iii.  122  a  passage  was  quoted  from 
Purchas's  '  Pilgrimage,'  but  Taylor  would 
seem  to  have  taken  the  illustration  from 
Nic.  Caussin's  '  Polyhistor  Symbolicus,'  lib. 
vii.  cap.  iii.,  "  Tigres  Brasiliae."  The 
Frenchman's  moral  application  is  the  same 
as  Taylor's.  They  both  quote  yao-re/jes 
dpyal  and  the  words  from  Clement  of 
Alexandria,  \/a'x>7  xdOvypos .  . 


.  Taylor  seems  to  have  been  indebted 
on  several  occasions  to  Caussinus' s  'Poly- 
histor.' Cp.  iv.  194,  "Intemperance  is  the- 
nurse  of  vice ;  'A^o&V^s  yaAa,  '  Venus" 
milk,'  so  Aristophanes  calls  wine ;  Trdvrw 
Beiv&v  fJLrjTpoiroXis,  '  the  mother  of  all  grievous 
things,'  so  Pontianus,"  with  i.  34  of  the 
'  Polyhistor,'  where  Caussin  uses  the  words 
"  Vinum  immodicum,  fomes  libidinis,"  and 
quotes  the  same  Greek  phrases  of  Aristo- 
phanes and  Pontianus  side  by  side.  Eden 
points  out  their  source,  successive  chapters  of 
Athenseus,  but  gives  no  reference  here  to 
Caussin. 

IV.  p.  241,  "  Ordo  fuit  crevisse  malis."— 
This  is  found  more  than  once  in  the  '  Poly- 
histor.' See  v.  61  and  x.  14. 

IV.  p.  263,  "  When  the  Boeotians  asked  the- 

oracle "—The  idea  (iii.  123)  that  Taylor 

may  have  read  this  in  Schott's  '  Adagia  ' 
cannot  stand,  as  the  words  ao-e/^jo-avras  er 
Trpdgeir  are  not  used  by  Zenobius.  These 
three  Greek  words  are  quoted  by  Caussinus- 
when  telling  the  story  in  'Polyhistor,' 
v.  21.  He  gives  a  marginal  reference  to 
Strabo,  lib.  8  [sic,  '  Polyhist.,'  ed.  1631,. 
p.  206  :  the  passage  in  Strabo  is  in  lib.  9 
p.  616C  in  ed.  1707].  Taylor  makes  the 
Boeotians  throw  the  priestess  into  the  sea 
instead  of  in  rogum  (els  -rrvpdv}.  In  the 
1848  ed.  of  vol.  iv.  Eden  supplies  no  refer- 
ence. The  index  volume  of  1854  gives  this 
page  under  Strabo,  but  not  under  Caussinus- 
Conversely  iv.  259  ("  Quae  fuerat  fabula 
pcena  fuit  ")  is  referred  to  under  Caussinus, 
who  quotes  the  words  in  '  Polyhistor,.'  iv.  51, 
but  not  under  Martial.  The  fact  that  Eden's 
index  refers  not  to  the  original,  but  to  a 
later  issue  of  the  other  volumes,  is  hidden 
away  in  small  print  at  the  foot  of  p.  cccxxxi 
of  vol.  i.  I  was  unable  to  find  this  later 
issue  with  its  "  few  trifling  corrections " 
:n  the  Bodleian. 

Vol.  IX.  p.  xvii.  "  Ornari  res  ipsa  negat 
contenta  doceri." — This  is  from  Manilius 
.ii.  39. 

Vol.  IX.  p.  254,  noteb,  "  Lib.  vi..  apophth." 
—This  reference  for  the  story  of  the  cuckoo 

and  the  other  birds  in   Plutarch  seems  to 
lave  puzzled  Eden,  who  appends  a  reference 

to  Plutarch's  life  of  Aratus  with  a  query. 

The  explanation  of  Taylor's  marginal  note 
s  that  he  took  the  story  from  Erasmus's- 
Apophthegmata,'  where  it  is  found  at 
,he  very  end  of  bk.  vi.  Erasmus  took  itr 
rom  the  life  of  Aratus. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 


ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  12,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


123: 


CHESHAM    BOIS    INSCRIPTIONS. 

THE  quiet  Buckinghamshire  churchyard  of 
Chesham  Bois  is  situated  on  high  land  about 
one  hundred  yards  to  the  west  of  the  road 
leading  from  that  village  to  Chesham.  The 
church,  dedicated  in  the  name  of  St.  Leonard, 
is  an  ancient  building  of  small  dimensions  : 
in  the  chancel  are  three  brasses  to  the 
memory  of  Robert  Cheyne  (1552),  Elizabeth 
Cheyne,  and  Benedict  Lee.  The  tower 
contains  three  bells,  the  tenor  of  which  is 
inscribed  "  Sancte  Andrea  Ora  Pro  Nobis," 
and  has  011  it  in  addition  a  crowned  fleur-de- 
lis  and  a  shield  bearing  the  arms  of  the  family 
of  Kebyll  or  Keble.  It  is  thought  that 
John  Kebyll,  a  member  of  the  Wheelwrights' 
Guild,  who  did  some  bell-hanging  for  the 
church  of  St.  Stephen,  Walbrook,  in  1480, 
may  possibly  have  been  the  founder  of  this 
bell.  The  church  is  at  the  present  time 
being  enlarged  ;  a  new  vestry  is  being  built 
at  the  east  end  of  the  north  aisle,  and  the 
nave  and  north  aisle  extended  westward 
to  provide  additional  seating  accommodation. 
In  consequence  of  this  the  graves  6"f  the 
Rev.  Thomas  Clarke,  his  wife,  daughter, 
and  son,  of  Thomas  Sage  and  Mrs.  Mary 
Bailey,  and  all  those  of  the  Stonhall  family 
which  are  close  to  the  west  end  of  the  church, 
have  had  to  be  removed,  and  the  remains 
reinterred  in  another  part  of  the  churchyard. 
My  list  starts  at  the  north-east  corner  of 
the  churchyard,  underneath  the  large  yew 
tree,  considered  to  be  upwards  of  800  years 
old,  and  works  westward. 

1.  Edward  Turst  Carver,  died  Nov.  25,  1887, 
aged  78  years.     Elizabeth  Tudor  his  wife   (who 
died  at  Brighton),  Oct.  9,  1864. 

2.  George    Rose,    born    May    19,    1825  ;     died 
March    13,    1902.     George      Senby     Rose,    born 
March   28,    1885;     died  July   15, '1902.     George 
Fox  Rose,  born  May  17,   1849  ;    died  Nov.   10, 
1889.     Charlotte    Tuffnell    Rose,    born    Nov.    18, 
1821  ;   died  Nov.  16,  1890. 

3.  Emily    Smith,    died    Dec.    31,    1889,    aged 
39  years. 

4.  George  Evilthrift,  died  Feb.  14,  1872,  aged 
49  years.     Also  George  Henry  Lines,  nephew  of 
the  above,  died  April  12,  1889,'  aged  38  years. 

Affliction  sore  long  time  I  bore, 

Physicians  were  in  vain  ; 
But  death  did  seize  when  God  did  please, 

And  ease  me  of  my  pain. 

5.  Sarah,  wife  of  George  Evilthrift,  died  Aug.  8, 
1866,  aged  41. 

6.  Mary   Ann,    wife    of    D.    Puddephatt,    died 
July  10,  1898,  aged  49  years. 

7.  Henry  Garrett  Key,  Esq.,  Blackwell  Hall, 
Chesham,    died  Sept.    17,    1853,   aged   77.     Also 
Mary,  widow  of  the  above,  died  Nov.   1,   1861, 
aged  74. 


8.  Mary   Henrietta,    the   beloved   wife    of   the 
Rev.  Joseph  Matthews,  and  younger  daughter  of 
the  late  Henry  Garrett  Kev,  Esq.,  born  Aug.  12,. 
1819  ;   died  Dec.  20,  1899.   * 

9.  Henderson    Burnside,    fell    asleep    in    Jesus 
Feb.   9,    1903,   in  his  59th   year  ;    for  22   years- 
Vicar  of  St.  Saviour's,  Forest  Gate. 

10.  Sarah,  wife  of  William  White  of  Rickmans- 
worth, died  June  26,  1876,  aged  51  years.     Also- 
of  William   White,   husband   of  the  above,  who 
died  at  Rickmansworth  Feb.  6, 1890,  aged  60  years. 
Also  of  Herbert  White,  son  of  the  above,  who  died' 
Oct.  25,  1859,  aged  3  years  6  months. 

11.  William  Ball,  son  of  Robert  and  Mary  Ball, 
who  departed  this  life  Jan  17,  1845,  aged  13  years.. 

The  bud  was  cropt  in  early  bloom, 
The  flower  in  heaven  shall  blow. 
Also  of  Mary  Ball,  wife  of  Robert  Ball,  who- 
departed    this  life  Jan.  24,   1849,  aged  61  years. 
Also    of    Robert    Ball,    who    departed    this    life 
June  17,  1859,  aged  68  years.     Also  of  Harriett 
[widow  of  the  late]  Robert  Ball,  who  died  Feb.  26». 
1896,  aged  85  years. 

12.  In  memory  of  Mrs.  Elizabeth,  3rd  wife  of 
Mr.  Edward  Finchbeck  of  Chessham,  who  departeds" 
this  life  the  4[?]  of  October,  1781,  aged  60  years.. 

Her  painful  heart  now  is  at  rest, 
Her  violent  achings  are  o'er  ; 

Her  cancerous  mortified  breast 

Neither  throbs  nor  aches  any  more. 

Her  eyes,  which  she  seldom  could  close- 
Without  [opiates  ?]  to  give  her  [          ?], 

Are  now  most  sweetly  composed 

With  him  whom  her  soul  did  love  best. 

13.  Mr.  James  Tufnell,  who  departed  this  life- 
Oct.  15,  1805.     Also  of  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Conquest, 
wife  of  the  above,  died  June  25,  1825,  aged  70 
years. 

14.  Mr.  Daniel  Tufnell,  who  died  Aug.  4,  1779, 
aged  62  years. 

Affliction  sore  long  time  he  bore, 

Physicians  tried  in  vain, 
Till  God  was  pleased  to  ease 

And  rid  him  of  his  pain. 

15.  Sarah,   the  beloved  wife  of  William  Cox, 
born  July  13,  1816  ;  died  June  19,  1882. 

Beneath  in  the  ever  peacefull  grave 

Thy  body  findeth  rest ; 
Thy  life  is  from  all  sickness  free, 

"thy  soul  is  with  the  blest. 
Where  the  silver  stars  are  shining 

Before  the  Father's  throne, 
.  And  where  no  grief  or  pain  can  come, 

There,  loved  one,  thou  art  gone. 
George,   Charles,   Sarah,  and  Charlotte   reunited.. 
William,  husband  and  father  of  the  above,  born 
Oct.  7,  1820  ;    died  June  16y  1905. 

16.  WTilliam  Stonhall,  son  of  John  and  Sarah 
Stonhall  of  Amersham,  who  departed  this  life  the 
2[     ]of[    ],  1784,  aged  14  years.  Likewise  of  Sarah 
Stonhall,    their    [         ],   died   the    [     ]    of   April, 
17  [     ],  aged  [     ]  years.     Mr.  John  Stonhall,  died 
July   [     ],   18  [     J,  aged  81.     Mary,   daughter  of 
John     Stonhall,     died     [  ]     1809[?],     aged 
[     ]  years.     Sarah,  wife  of  John  Stonhall,  died* 
Oct.  10,  18[     ],  aged  70  years. 

17.  Here  lies  the  body  of  Mr.   Thomas  Sage, 
late   of   the   City   of   London,   haberdasher,    who- 
departed  this  life  Aug.  26,  in  the  55th  year  of  his. 
age,  anno  domini  1778. 


124 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  AU«.  12, 1911. 


18.  In  the  vault  beneath  rest  the  bodies  of  the 
Rev.  Thomas  Clarke,  Rector  of  this  parish,  and 
resident  in  it,  in   all   things   showing   himself   a 
pattern  of  good  works,  from   1766   to  1793.     Of 
his  son  and  daughter,  brought  up  in  the  nurture 
.and  admonition  of  the  Lord,  Thomas,  who  died 

March  20,  1785,  aged  25,  and  Mary,  the  wife  of 
the  Rev.  J.  H.  Swain,  who  died  July  [  ]  1786, 

.aged  35.  And  of  Anne  his  widow,  who  died, 
trusting  in  God  and  continuing  in  supplications 

.and  prayers,  Jan.  12,  1810,  aged  80. 

19.  Mrs.  Mary  Bailey,  who  departed  this  life 
May  1,  1771,  aged  52  years. 

AJbout  three  yards  south  from  this  grave 
is  a  path  leading  from,  the  tower  entrance 
to  a  gate  at  the  west  end  of  the  churchyard.; 
another  path  diverges  from  the  tower  to 
the  gate  at  the  southern  entrance  ;  imme- 
diately to  the  south  of  the  first-mentioned 
path  stands  another  yew  tree,  of  a  mud 
later  date  and  smaller  than  the  one  at  the 
north-east  corner  of  the  churchyard.  The 
inscriptions  which  follow  are  on  the  south 
side  of  the  church  : — 

20.  George  Saunders,  died  Dec.  5,  1899,  aged 
74    years.     Mary    Ann    Saunders,    died    April    7, 
1905,  aged  72  years. 

21.  John   Rockhey,    died   Aug.    8,    1861,    aged 
45  years. 

22.  Elizabeth,     the     beloved     wife     of     John 
Pontin,  died  Sept.  15,  1875,  aged  63  years.     John 
Pontin,   husband   of  the  above,    died  March   28, 
1890,  aged  75  years. 

23.  Sarah   Benns,    died   Sept,    15,    1881,    aged 
74  years. 

24.  Elizabeth    Darvell,     died    May    30,     1894, 
aged  25  years.    Mary  Darvell,  mother  of  the  above, 
died  Nov.  20,  1877,  aged  32  years. 

25.  Thomas    Joiner,    who    died    suddenly,    but 
not  unpreparedly,  July  3}   1862,  aged  75   years. 
This   stone   is  erected  by  his   grandson   William 

•  Collins  Joiner. 

26.  Rebecca,    wife    of    Charles    Long    of    this 
parish,  died  13  June,  1863,  aged  35  years.    Charles 
Long,  husband  of  the  above,  died  April  23,  1910, 

.  aged  87  years. 

27.  Frederick     James     Weedon     [formerly     of 
St.  Marylebone,  London],  who  died  July  3,  1894, 
aged  60  years. 

28.  Jonathan   Batchelor,    died   Jan.    18,    1894, 
.  aged   80   years.     Mary   Batchelor,    died   Aug.    6, 

1905,  aged  88  years. 

The  next  are  to  the  east  of  the  path  leading 
from  the  south  entrance  of  the  churchyard 
to  the  tower,  beginning  near  the  south 
windows  of  the  nave,  and  working  south- 
wards : — 

29.  On  a  large  flat  tomb,  supported  by  bricks, 
which  is  broken  at  the  top  left  corner  : — 

[     ]  this  Stone  lyeth  ye  Bodies  |  of  2   Daughters 
of    Mr  Phillip  Henslow  and  |  Catherine    his  Wife 
of  Goring  |  in  Oxfordshire  (Viz1)   |  Jane  Henslow 
who  departed  |  this  Life  Febry  the  20th   1698    I 
in  the  63rd  Year  of  her  Age  |  M"  Ellen    (Wid°  & 
Relict  of  |  Mr  Thomas    Harris)    who   departed  i 
this   Life  Janr-v  the  21st   1708  |  in    the  78th  Year 
of  her  Age.  |  And  Under  this    Stone  Lyeth  ye  | 


Body  of  their  3d  Daughter  (Viz*)   |  M«  Elizabeth 
Henslow  late  j  of  Augmundisham  in  this  County 
who  |  departed    this    Life    Septr    ye    10th    1712  | 
in  the  73d  Year  of  her  Age. 

30.  On  a  similar  flat  stone  on  a  level  with  the 
last-mentioned,  and  a  little  further  south  : — 

Here  Lyeth  Interrd  |  the  Body  of  Mr8  Ann 
Courth ope  Wife  |  of  Mr  Peter  Courth ope  of  Lambeth 
both  .  in  ye  |  County  of  [  ]  Merchant  |  A 
most  Faithfull  &  Loving  Wife  |  A  Mother 
Prudent  tender  indulgent  |  In  her  Family  Care- 
full  &  Provident  |  Compassionate  to  the 
Afflicted  1  Bountifull  to  the  [  Jious. 

The  inscription  reaches  below  the  middle  of 
the  stone,  but  nothing  more  is  legible.  The 
parish  register  states  that  she  was  buried  on 
11  May,  1728. 

31.  In  Memory  of  |  James  Harding   |  who  died 
Novr  the  12  |  1769     Aged  73  Years. 

32.  Charlotte  Glenister,  who  died  Feb.  5,  1864, 
aged    13    years.     Sarah    Glenister,    sister    of    the 
above,  who  died  Feb.  20,  1864,  aged  9  years. 

33.  Abel    Leach    of    Chesham    Bois,    who    fell 
calmly  asleep  in  Jesus  Feb.  22,  1893,  aged  47  years. 
Also   of  Freddie,   infant  son,   interred  near   this 
spot,  aged  9  months. 

34.  Ellen  Washington,   beloved  wife   of   Capt. 
C.  B.  Preston,  who  departed  this  life  21  Oct.,  1897, 
in  her  44th  year. 

35.  Jonas' Miles,  who  departed  this  life  Nov.  29, 
1898.' 

36.  In  Memory  of  |  The  Virtues  and  [  ]  | 
of  Mary  Porter  |  and  of  |    Frances  and   Mary  her 
Daughters  |  And    [     ]     Testimony    of    her    own 
Gratitude  |  Elizabeth     Countess     of      Harcourt  | 
Erects  this   Tomb  |  October   1794   j  Mary  Porter 
died    February     6     1790  |  Mary    her     Youngest 
Daughter    July   30    1791  |  Frances    on   the    10th 
December     179[3  ?]  |  Thomas     Porter  |  Husband 
of  Mary  Porter  |  is  also  buried  here. 

37.  Ann  Sophia   Warren   died  Feb.    16,    1865, 
aged  1  year. 

38.  Benjamin    Fuller     Esqre   of    Hyde    House 
Germans    Chesham  |  JP    &    DL     for    Bucks    JP 
for    Herts  |  born    June     7th    1791  |  died    March 
20th  1882.  |  also  Charlotte  |  wife  of  the  above  | 
and  daughter  of  John  Stratton  Esqre  |  of  Little 
Berkhampstead    Herts  |  died     May    26th    1889  | 
aged    96    years    and     7    months  |  also    of  |  John 
Stratton    Fuller  |  son    of     the    above  |  who    died 
23rd      Janr-v      1892  [  aged      58.  |  and      Elizabeth 
Juliana  his  wife  |  who  died    26th  Janr-v      1892  | 
aged  59. 

39.  Joseph  Climpson  of  Chesham.  who  departed 
this  life   Nov.  20th   1890  |  aged    79   years.  |  Also 
of  Sophia  |  the  beloved  wife  of    the  above,  who 
died  Decr  22nd  1899  aged  53  years. 

40.  William,  the  beloved  husband  of  Millicent 
Halsey,    who   passed  peacefully   away   the   22nd 
March,   1894,  aged  77  years.     Also  of  Millicent, 
the  beloved  wife  of  the  above,  who  passed  peace- 
fully away  1st  November,  1896,  aged  83  years. 

41.  Eliza  East,  who  entered  into  rest  February 
6th,  1900,  aged  69  years. 

42.  Ruth  Webb,  who  departed  this  life  March 
10th,  1885,  aged   70  years  |  Resting  |  Also  Robert 

eorge  Wright  of  this  parish,  and  brother  of  the 
above,  |  late     Royal     Horse     Guards,     died     at 
Regent's    Park,    London,     January    8th    1885  | 
aged  72  years  j  His  remains  are  interred  in  Bromp- 
;on   Cemetery.  |  Also   of   Daniel   Wright,    son   of 


us.  iv.  AU<;.  12,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


125 


the  above  Ruth  Webb,  who  departed  this  |  life 
February  llth  1896,  aged  51  Years. 

43.  Henry    Glenister,    late    of    Manor    Farm, 
C'hesham     Bois,    who   died   April    1,    1883,    a,ged 
62    years.     Also    of    Elizabeth    Mary    Glenister 
(widow  of  the  above),  who  died  July  28,   1885, 
aged  73  years. 

44.  William  Joiner,  died  Aug.  30,   1905,  aged 
81  years.     Also  of  Julia  Joiner,  who  died  Feb.  17, 

1907,  aged  85  years. 

45.  John     Trought     of      Street,     Glastonbury, 
departed  this  life   Dec.  23,   1893,  aged  65   years. 
Also  of  Ann,  dearly  beloved  wife  of  the  above, 
of  Swansea  ;    departed  this  life  Aug.    11,   1902, 
aged  64. 

46.  Mary  Ann  Darvill,  who  fell  asleep  Oct.  5, 
1905,   aged  84   years.     Also   of   Charles   Darvill, 
husband  of  the  above,  who  died  July  28,  1907, 
aged  83  years. 

47.  Mary,  widow  of  the  late  Robert   Dunlop 
Thomas   of  Herefordshire,   who  died  March   18, 
1909. 

48.  Louisa  Kyllmann,    born    March    12,   1871; 
died  Nov.  6,  1909. 

49.  The  Rev.  John  Alfred  Williams,  died  Dec.  13, 

1908,  aged  61  years. 

50.  Hallgerda,  the  dearly  beloved  wife  of  Capt. 
A.  F.  Stewart,  H.M.S.  Indian  Armv,  died  18  April, 
1908. 

51.  Hannah,  the  beloved  wife  of  W.  M.  Bush, 
died  Aug.  2,  1908,  aged  58  years. — "  Ond  I  dduw 
y  hyddo  y  diolch  yr  hwn  rydd  yn  rhoddi  I  ni 
fuddugoliaeth."     1  Cor.  xv.  57. 

52.  Mary  Cox  (of  Blackwell  Hall  Cottages),  who 
died  Jan.  2,  1906,  aged  80  years. 

53.  Catherine  Cartwright,  died  Jan.  30,  1894, 
aged  75.  |  Also  of  Thomas,  son  of  the  above,  died 
in  Melbourne  July  12,  1894,  aged  47. 

54.  Mary  Elizabeth,  the   beloved  wife  of  Alfred 
Gee,  who  departed  this  life  at  Brighton  May  14, 
1886,  aged  36  years. 

55.  Ann,  the  beloved  wife  of  James  Bennett, 
who  died  May  12,  1876,  aged  54  years.  |  Also  of 
James  Bennett,  who   departed  this  life  May  6, 
1888,   aged  64  years.  |  Also  of   Samuel   Thomas 
Bennett,   son   of   the  above,   who   departed  this 
life  June  10,  1906,  aged  45  years. 

56.  Gray  don    Harim    Young,    third    and    last 
surviving  son  of  the  late  Thomas  Young,  Esqre 
M.D.,  of  the  Royal  Horse  Artillery,  and  grand- 
nephew  of  the  late  Matthew  Young,  D.D.,  Senior 
Fellow    of    Trinity  College,  Dublin,  Professor  of 
Natural  Philosophy,    T.C.D.,   Protestant  Bishop 
of  Clonfert :    died  March  30,  1872,  aged  45  years. 

57.  In  affectionate  remembrance   of  the  Rev. 
Charles  Blackman,  for    xxvi  years  Rector  of  this 
Parish,  who  died    xvii  July,"  MDCCCLXVIII.,  and 
of    Flora    his    wife,    who    died    xxiii    October, 
MDCCCLXIII  |  Also  of  their  children  Arthur,  Charles, 
Annie,  and  George. 

58.  Catherine  Ware,  who  died  Nov.  11,  1886, 
in  the  92nd  year  of  her  age. 

59.  Henry    Kearvell,    who    entered    into    rest 
Dec.  17,  1904,  aged  39  years. 

60.  Mr.  Thomas  Wright,  late  of  Amy  Mill,  who 
departed  this  life  July  20,  1838,  aged  76  years.  | 
Also  of  Thomas  Wright,  son  of  the  above,  who 
died    Dec.    11,    1893,    aged    69    years.  |  Also    in 
loving  memory  of  Mary  Wright,  wife  of  Thomas 
Wright,  who  died  Feb.  13,  1899,  aged  72  years. 

61.  James    Franck,     who    entered    into    rest 
June  2,  1901,  aged  64. 


62.  Ileene  Mary  Thomas,  the  darling  child  of 
J.  E.  and  S.  E.  Thomas,  who  died  at  Ilkeston,- 
July  26,  1907,  aged  15  months. 

63.  Philip   Douglas  Williams,   died  September 
the  23rd,  1901  (?),  aged  26  years. 

64.  Richard  Keysell,  who  passed  away  Aug.  1»- 
1902,  aged  73  years.  |  Sarah  his  wife,  interred  in 
Trysull    Churchyard.  |  The    beloved    parents    of. 
P.  Osborn,  M.  &  R.  Keysell. 

About  8  yards  from  the  path  approaching 
the  tower  from  the  south  of  the  churchyard, 
and  about  4|  yards  from  the  church,  at  the 
junction  of  the  nave  with  the  chancel,  is  a 
flat  stone  completely  hidden  with  turf,  which* 
Mr.  John  Birch  the  sexton  helped  me  to- 
remove.  It  has  on  it  the  following  inscrip- 
tion : — 

65.  Here  lieth  the  Body  of  |  Mr.  William  Tipsort 
Seedsman  |   of     London,     who     departed     this  | 
Life  22d  May,  1777,  aged  60  Years.  |  The  stone 
is  36  inches  wide. 

66.  Josephine   Augusta    Souper,    died   June   5r 
1909,  age  61  years. 

67.  Sophia    Darch,   who   died   June    10,    1909,. 
aged  67  years. 

L.  H.  CHAMBERS.. 
Amersham. 


GREAT  FOSTERS,  EGHAM.  (See  4  S.  i- 
504;  10  S.  xii.  510.)— More  than  forty 
years  ago  Dr.  FURNIVALL  called  attention 
in  '  N.  &  Q.'  to  this  fine  Elizabethan  man- 
sion. He  gave  a  long  extract  from  an 
interesting  letter  written  by  Albert  Way  to- 
the  then  owner,  Col.  Halkett,  respecting 
the  very  fine  ceilings  and  the  mystery  as  ta 
their  origin.  DR.  FURNIVALL  also  com- 
mented on  the  scanty  notice  vouchsafed  to 
the  house  by  the  various  county  historians. 
Brayley  tells  us  (vol.  ii.  p.  264)  that  the  house- 
takes  its  name  from  the  family  of  Foster, 
C.J.,  who  held  it  in  the  latter  part  of  the 
seventeenth  century.  This,  however,  is  an 
error  :  it  was  known  as  Fosters  long  before. 
In  a  survey  of  the  manor,  1,  2,  3  Ed.  VI., 
Land  Rev.,  Mis.  Books,  vol.  190  at  P.  R.  O., 
we  find  Hugh  Warham  holding  "  a  tenement 
formerly  Adam  de  Foster."  A  year  or  two- 
later,  in  the  Feet  of  Fines  4  Ed.  VI.,  1 550-5 1,. 
we  have  a  fine  between  William,  son  of  Hugh 
Warham,  and  Richard  Pexalls  and  others, 
respecting  the  "  manor  of  Imworthe  alias 
Fosters."  A  still  earlier  reference  in  the 
Manor  Court  Rolls,  A.D.  1520,  refers  to 
"  land  called  Fosters."  Apparently  the 
house  was  built  on  this  land,  which  formed 
part  of  the  ancient  sub-  or  reputed  manor  of 
Immeworth  in  Egham. 

Judge  Doderidge  was  in  possession  in 
1622,  and  paid  a  quit  rent  to  the  Crown? 
but  by  the  time  of  the  Parliamentary 


126 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES.       in  s.  iv.  A™.  12, 1911. 


Survey  in  1650  it  seems  to  have  passed  from 
the  Crown  and  become  private  property. 
Should  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  come  across 
a  grant  of  the  place  by  James  I.  or  Charles  I., 
I  should  be  glad  to  know  of  it. 

My  search  into  the  history  of  the  house 
brought  to  light  an  interesting  fact  concern- 
ing Doderidge  which  seems  to  have  been 
unknown  to  Foss  or  the  writer  in  the 

*  D.N.B.'     Doderidge  was  married  a  fourth 
time,  the  wife  mentioned  in  his  will  being 
Anne  Newman,  whom  he  married  at  Stepney 
16    January,    1617.      Her    relatives  Gabriel 
and  Jervis  Newman  succeeded  to  Doderidge' s 
copyholds  at  Egham. 

FREDERIC  TURNER. 

'"'  PLUMP  "  IN  VOTING.  (See  10  S.  vi. 
148,  212,  276,  377;  vii.  77;  xii.  235.)— 
Mr.  Osmund  Airy  contributes  to  The 
Athenceum  of  15  July,  under  the  heading 

*  A  Seventeenth-Century  Election  in  Kent,'  a 
most  interesting  extract  from  an  unpublished 
diary.     This    has    reference    to  the   general 
election  of  1679,  and  contains  one  passage 
which  shows  conclusively  (as  far  as  negative 
evidence  ever  can  be   conclusive)  that  the 
word  plump  as  applied  to  voting  was  not 
then  in  use.     We  read  : — 

"That  which  was  very  remarkable  was  that 
almost  all  who  were  for  Sir  W.  T.  gave  but  single 
voices,  which  was  indeed  much  to  his  advantage, 
but  looked  upon  by  the  countie  as  a  very  great 
imposition  and  a  thing  very  rarely  hearde  of  and 
hardly  loyal,  the  writ  commanding  them  to 
choose  2." 

Any  one  acquainted  with  the  word 
plump  could  not  well  have  failed  to  use  it 
in  this  connexion,  and  as  in  addition  this 
kind  of  voting  was  "  a  thing  very  rarely 
hearde  of,"  we  may  conclude  that  the  word 
was  unknown.  It  must  have  come  into  use  at 
sometime  between  1679  and  1761,  the  latter 
being  the  earliest  date  so  far  recorded 
(see  10  S.  vii.  77),  though,  as  I  showed  at  the 
last  reference,  it  is  found  in  the  original 
sense  of  giving  "  a  direct,  straight,  unquali- 
fied, or  absolute  vote  "  in  1734. 

F.  W.  READ. 

"  BED  OF  ROSES." — In  the  ;  N.E.D.' 
references  for  the  poetical  use  of  this  phrase 
are  given  to  Marlowe  (1593),  to  Herrick 
(1648),  and  to  Dryden  (1665),  whose  words 
*'  Think' st  thou  I  lie  on  beds  of  roses  here  ?  '" 
might  be  considered  to  have  suggested  the 
modern  proverbial  employment  of  the 
expression.  It  did  not,  however,  become 
popular  for  many  years,  if  we  are  to  judge 
by  the  next  example,  which  is  dated  1806 
and  is  taken  from  Cobbett's  '  Parl.  Deb., 


ni.  1243  :  "So  that  he  does  not  imagine 
hat  the  directors  lay  on  a  '  bed  of  roses.'  ' 
!  cannot  say  who  was  the  speaker,  as  I  have 
)een  unable  to  refer  to  the  volume  mentioned ; 
it  does  not. matter,  as  I  have  informa- 
tion much  more  precise. 

On  recently  turning  over  the  pages  of 
Foshua  Wilson's  'Biographical  Index  to 
)he  Present  House  of  Commons,  corrected 
;o  February,  1808,'  in  which  year  it  was 
published,  I  came  across  the  following 
nteresting  passage  011  p.  484  :— :- 

"Soori  after  this  (April,  1806),  during  a  debate  on 
VIr.  Windham's  bill  relative  to  the  army,  Lord 
3astlereagh  observed  '  that  the  new  ministers  would 
ind  the  revenue  productive,  and  everything  in  such 
a  state,  that  they  might  be  said  comparatively  to  be 
on  a  bed  of  roses.'  This  position  was  denied  by  Mr. 
Fox,  in  respect  to  every  department  of  the  state, 
the  admiralty  only  excepted,and  soon  after  became 
a  proverbial  saying." 

FRANK  CURRY. 

AVIGNON:  OLD  RAILWAY  NOTICE. — We 
are  usually  inclined  to  think  that  the  general 
tendency  of  the  age  is  too  modern.  Such 
an  impression  is,  however,  at  times  apt  to 
modified,  and  rarely  more  so  than  by 
reading  the  following  notice,  which  is  posted 
up  in  a  prominent  place  on  the  window 
Df  the  booking  office  at  Avignon.  It  reads : 

"Loi  du  22  avril,  1790.  Pour  eviter  toute  dis- 
sussion  dans  les  paiements,  led£biteur  seratoujours 
oblige  de  t'aire  rappoint,  et  par  consequent  de  so 
procurer  le  numeraire  d'argent  necessaire  pour 
solder  exactement  la  somme  dontil  sera  redevable." 

Needless  to  say,  the  local  humorist  has 
scribbled  in  pencil  his  comment  :  "  Avant 
J.  C.?"  M.  W.  BROCKWELL. 

Avignon. 

THOMAS  ROBERT  MALTHUS. — The  '  D.N.B.' 
states  that  in  1798  he  was  in  holy  orders, 
and  held  a  curacy  at  Albury,  Surrey.  '  The 
Ency.  Brit.'  tnew  ed-)  says  that  lie  took 
holy  orders  in  1797.  In  fact,  he  was  made 
a  deacon  in  1789,  and  I  have  his  declaration 
of  conformity,  countersigned  by  Brownlow 
North,  Bishop  of  Winchester  :— 

"  This  declaration  was  made  and  subscribed  before 
us,  by  the  said  Robert  Malthus,  Clerk,  BA.,  being 
to  be  licenced  to  serve  the  Cure  of  Oakwood  aha* 
Ockwoocl,  in  the  County  of  Surry,  £  in  our  diocese 
of  Winchester,  this  eighth  day  of  June,  in  the  year 
of  our  Lord  one  Thousand  seven  Hundred  and 
eighty  nine,  and  in  the  ninth  year  of  our  Transla- 
tion." 

The  name  Thomas  is  inserted  in  the  declara- 
tion, though  omitted  in  the  certificate  ; 
and  Malthus' s  signature  is  in  full. 

RICHARD  H.  THORNTON. 

36,  Upper  Bedford  Place,  W.C. 


ii  s.  iv.  Am,  12,  ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


127 


TURTON  =  GORDON.  (See  10  S.  xi.  289, 
352.) — The  Laura  Turton  who  married 
Nathaniel  Gordon  of  Whitehill,  parish  of 
Troqueer,  Kirkcudbright,  "  about  1760," 
is  probably  identical  with  the  Miss  Turton, 
Wolverhampton,  who  married  "  Mr.  Gordon 
•of  Cateaton  Street,"  3  July,  1764  (Gent. 
Mag.,  vol.  liv.  pt.  ii.  p.  716).  Nathaniel 
•Gordon  is  believed  to  have  been  the  son 
•of  John  Gordon,  West  Indian  merchant, 
Glasgow.  He  had  an  only  son  John,  an 
-officer  in  the  30th  Foot  (1791-5),  who  married 
in  1796  Helen  Maitland,  and  had  three 
sons.  One  of  these,  Francis  William  Lock- 
hart,  Madras  Army,  was  the  father  of  Miss 
C.  Lockhart  Gordon,  writer  of  religious 
stories.  John  Gordon  (30th  Foot)  named 
his  daughter  Laura  Turton.  She  married 
the  Rev.  J.  Stevenson  in  1823. 

J.  M.  BULLOCH. 

118,  Pall  Mall,  S.W. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


"THEATREGOER,"  — We  want  quotations 
for  this  before  1885.  Will  readers  kindly 
send  the  earliest  they  can  find  ?  Address 
"  Oxford."  J.  A.  H.  MURRAY. 

HORSES'  GHOSTS.— Various  stories  are 
told  in  Japan  of  horses  possessing  a  super- 
natural capacity  of  producing  phantasms 
atter  their  death.  Thus,  according  to  Mr. 
b.  Kasai,  there  prevail  to  this  day  several 
traditions  of  the  Headless  Horse  in  the  pro- 
vince of  Awa.  The  following  is  one  of 
them  : — 

,»'Ja°?0e  "R0?^  time>  wh!n  au  extre»ie  dearth  was 
ravaging  all  the  county  of  Mima,  some  villagers  of 

litani  formed  themselves  into  a  band  and  broke 
into  a  Buddhist  church  called  Ootakiji  on  the  verv 
last  night  of  the  year.  Just  as  they  were  preparing 
to  depart  with  their  booty,  a  horse  in  the  stable 
began  to  utter  loud  cries  repeatedly.  For  fear  it 
!?VS  ff*iar?1  tlie  Pe°Ple  "i  the  neighborhood,  they 
eut  off  its  head  and  retreated  to  their  own  village 
Jfivery  year  thereafter,  at  midnight  of  December 
anr^arSPe  • ral>rse>  Perfectly  headless,  makes  its 
appearance  in  the  church  and  proceeds  to  Mi  tan  i, 

mowing  exactly  the  same  route  which  the  burglars 
took  in  their  retreat..  Until  about  ten  years  ago, 
the  people,  and  especially  children,  residing  along 
this  road,  used  to  be  terror-stricken  by  the  iindiDK 
se±e  horsf'!^it  °n  th,is  ^casion.  Further? in  con 
^sequence  of  this  ghostly  visit,  should  the  descend- 
ants of  those  burglars  prepare  in  their  houses 


rice-cakes  for  the  New  Year  festival,  they  would 
invariably  turn  bloody.  To  avoid  this  prodigy  even 
nowadays,  they  get  them  ready  in  other  families 
and  carry  them  home  on  New  Year's  Day."—  The 
Journal  of  the  Anthropological  Socitty  of  Tokyo, 
June,  1911,  p.  175. 

In  Sozaors  '  Chomon  KishiV  1849,  torn.  ii. 
chap,  viii.,  an  account  is  given  of  a  pack- 
horse  in  the  province  of  Mino,  which,  since 
its  untimely  death  caused  by  the  ruthless 
treatment  of  its  o\vner,  unfailingly  utters 
its  characteristic  neighs  from  underground 
whenever  any  other  horse  approaches  the 
spot  whereon  it  fell. 

Do  such  stories  of  horses'  ghosts  exist 
elsewhere  ?  At  10  S.  i.  417  MR.  E.  YARDLEY 
writes  : — 

"Washington  Irving  mentions  the  Belludo,  a 
supernatural  horse  of  Spain,  that  gallops  by  night. 
But  that  is  a  ghost." 

In  which  of  his  numerous  writings  does  this 

OCCUr  ?  KUMAGUSU   MlNAKATA. 

Tanabe,  Kii,  Japan. 


"  DE  LA  "  IN  ENGLISH  SURNAMES  :  SUR- 
VIVAL OF  THE  PREFIX. — An  examination  of 
the  various  volumes  printed  by  the  British 
Record  Office  shows  that  before  the  year 
1300  there  were  many  names  that  began 
with  this  prefix,  as  "  de  a  Pole,"  "  de  la 
Mare,"  "  de  la  Feld,"  "  de  la  Bere,"  "  de 
la  Have,"  "  de  la  Ware,"  "  de  la  Welde," 
de  la  Wode,"  &c.  About  1300  these  names 
suddenly  disappear  and  become  "  atte 
Feld,"  "  atte  Ware,"  "  atte  Welde,"  "  atte 
Wode,"  &c.  Finally,  about  the  middle  of 
the  fifteenth  century,  the  names  reach  their 
present  form,  dropping  the  prefix,  and 
becoming  simply  "  Feld "  or  "  Field," 
"  Ware,"  "  Weld,"  and  "  Wood,"  or  some- 
times contracting  and  becoming  "  Atfield," 
"  Atwood,"  &c. 

There  were,  however,  certain  individuals 
whose  names  survived  the  change  which 
went  on  all  about  them,  and  the  meaning 
of  the  words  of  which  they  were  composed 
being  forgotten,  these  names  came  to  be 
spelt  in  one  word  with  curious  variations  ; 
so  Dalamare  appears  in  1383,  Dalafeld  in 
1434,  Dallaware,  Dallapowle,  Dalamer,  Dalla- 
praye,  and  Dalaryver.  Occasionally  the 
whole  range  of  changes  occurred  during  one 
man's  lifetime  ;  so  in  1446  appears  Richard 
de  Lafeld,  King's  Serjeant  ;  in  1447 
Richard  de  la  Feld,  King's  Serjeant ;  in 
1460  Richard  Dalafeld,  Esq  ;  in  1462 
Richard  de  la  ffeld,  King's  Escheator ; 
in  1463  Richard  Delafeld,  King's  Escheator  ; 
and  in  1494  Isabell  Dalafeld,  widow  of 
Richard  Dalafeld,  King's  Escheator. 


128 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  12, 1911. 


Is  there  any  satisfactory  explanation  for 
the  retention  of  these  ancient  names  in  their 
original  spelling  by  a  few  persons,  whilst 
the  same  names  all  about  them  were  changed? 
Was  it  because  a  few  of  the  possessors  of 
these  names  were  proud  of  them,  considered 
them  distinctive,  and  did  not  wish  to  make 
the  change  ?  So  a  son  who  was  proud  of 
his  father's  reputation  might  wish  to  keep 
his  name  unchanged.  Or  was  it  because 
of  individual  peculiarity  and  caprice  ?  Or 
was  it  because  the  bearer  of  the  name  lived 
in  so  secluded  a  locality  that  he  knew 
nothing  of  what  was  going  on  about  him  in 
the  neighbouring  villages  ?  If  the  last  be 
the  case,  then  some  of  the  oldest  families 
of  England  must  be  descended  from  men 
who  were  of  very  humble  station  during 
the  fourteenth  and  fifteenth  centuries. 

The  answer  to  the  foregoing  questions 
may  perhaps  be  found  in  the  study  of  the 
causes  and  extent  of  what  appears  to  have 
been  an  Anglo-Saxon  revival  during  the 
reign  of  Edward  I.,  which  seems  to  have 
largely  displaced  and  swept  away  the 
Norman  French.  Is  there  any  work  which 
thoroughly  discusses  this  interesting  phase 
of  the  development  of  the  English  langua-ge  ? 
JOHN  Ross  DELAFJELD. 

New  York. 

[A  good  deal  bearing  on  the  question  will  be  found 
in  the  articles  on  prepositions  in  place-names  at 
30  S.  xi.  201,  270,  291,  356,  415,  451.] 

'  TESTAMENTA  EBORACENSIA.' — Can  any 
one  kindly  give  me  the  meaning  of  the 
following  italicized  Words,  which  occur  in 
the  fifth  volume  of  '  Test  amenta  Ebora- 
censia  '  (Surtees  Soc.)  ? 

P.  31.  Item,  "a  marcy  chalice  al  gilted  and 
inameld." 

P.  35.  Inventory  of  William  Thwates,  "Fonder  "  : 
'  The  Shoppe,"  "a  tabar  dish." 

P.  79.  Inventory  of  John  Tennand,  "Funder": 
"The  Schoppe,"  "In  wesshe  and  thran-e  xxvij 
dossen." 

P.  301.  "vj  stone  of  hemp  and  a  nett  and  a 
warrope." 

P.  324.  "To  Agnes  Hilton,  cremet  of  Sancte 
Leonardo's,  in  lente  money,  xvj3  vjtl. '' 

R.  C.  HOPE,  F.S.A. 
Florence. 

[For  "cremitt  money"  see  8  8.  ix.  348,  397;  x. 
264;  98.  v.  254;  10  S.  x.  106.] 

JAMES  HOLWORTHY,  ARTIST. — I  should 
be  glad  of  any  particulars  of  James  Hoi- 
worthy,  of  Brookfield  Hall,  Hathersage,  co. 
Derby,  other  than  those  contained  in  the 
'  Life  of  Wright  of  Derby,'  Glover's  '  Derby,' 
the  '  D.N.B.,'  and  previous  references  in 
*  N.  &  Q.'  I  am  anxious  to  have  a  list  of 


his  paintings  in  public  and  private  collections* 
A  view  of  Brookfield  Hall  was  to  have  ap-~ 
peared  in  the  second  volume  of  Glover's- 
'  Derby,'  but  this  volume  was  never  issued* 
Was  the  view  ever  published  ?  Any  par- 
ticulars as  to  James  Holworthy's  parentage 
wrould  be  welcomed. 

F.  M.  R.  HOLWORTHY. 
English  Club,  Santa  Cruz,  Teiierife. 

INDIAN  QUEENS,  PLACE  -NAME. — Be- 
tween Bodmin  and  Truro  there  is  a  Cornish 
village  so  called.  What  is  the  origin  of  t he- 
name  ?  It  was  probably  derived  from  the- 
inn,  which  was  a  place  where  the  coaches- 
changed  horses  in  earlier  days.  Did  the- 
inn  record  memories  of  a  Pocahontas,  or 
some  other  notable  visitor  of  Indian  blood  ? 

NEL  MEZZO. 

STONEHENGE  :  '  THE  BIRTH  OF  MERLIN.' 
—In  the  play  called  '  The  Birth  of  Merlin  * 
there  is  a  curious  account  of  the  origin  of 
Stonehenge.  The  play  was  probably  written, 
about  1614-23,  and  has  been  attributed 
to  Shakspere,  W.  Rowley,  and  Ralph  Row- 
ley. In  the  edition  of  1662  it  is  ascribed  to- 
"  William  Shakespeai,  and  William  Rowley." 
The  author  is  more  likely  to  have  been  Ralph 
Rowley,  a  clergyman,  "  a  rare  scholar  of 
learned  Pembroke  Hall,  in  Cambridge."  The- 
second  act  introduces  a  remarkably  fresh  and 
original  comic  character.  A  devil,  Incubus^, 
falls  in  love  with  a  peasant  woman,  Joan  of 
the  Gotoot  family,  who  lives  at  Carmarthen.. 
The  result  is  the  birth  of  Merlin.  Poor  Joan 
does  not  know  her  lover's  name,  but  merely^ 
says  he  "  had  a  most  rich  attire,  a  fair  hat 
and  feather,  a  gilt  sword,  and  most  excellent 
hangers."  The  comic  character  is  Joan's, 
hilarious  wag  of  a  brother.  Merlin,  pre- 
ternaturally  born,  first  appears  by  his 
mother's  side  with  a  beard  on  his  face,  a 
book  in  his  hand.  In  the  fifth  act  the  devils 
again  comes  to  visit  Joan,  but  she  now 
loathes  him.  She  utters  the  poignant 
prayer  : — 

Help  me,  some  saving  hand  ! 

If  not  too  late  I  cry  :  Let  Mercy  come. 

Merlin  hears  the  cries  of  his  mother,  and 
promptly  comes  to  her  rescue.  His  father,, 
the  devil,  is  annoyed  : — 

Belie v'st  thou  her  to  disobey  thy  father  ?.' 
Merlin  answers  : — 

Obedience  is  no  lesson  in  your  school. 

Nature  and  kind  to  her  commands  my  duty.. 

The  part  that  you  begot  was  against  kind. 

The  devil  is  angry,  but  Merlin  exercise* 
his  spells,  and  a  rock  opens  its  jaws  and 
swallows  up  his  Satanic  Majesty,,  so  that 


ii  s.  iv.  AUP,  12,  ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


129 


he    shall   never    "  touch    a    woman    more. 
Merlin   then   turns   to   console   his   mother 
and  offers  her  a  residence  in  Merlin's  Bower : 
There  shall  you  dwell  with  solitary  sighs, 
With  groans  and  passions  your  companions, 
To  weep  away  this  flesh  you  have  offended  with, 
And  leave  all  bare  unto  your  aerial  soul. 
And  when  you  die,  I  will  erect  a  monument 
Upon  the  verdant  plains  of  Salisbury— 
(No  king  shall  have  so  high  a  sepulchre) — 
With  pendulous  stones  that  I  will  hang  by  art, 
Where  neither  lime  nor  mortar  shall  be  used, 
A  dark  enigma  to  the  memory, 
For  none  shall  have  the,  power  to  number  them. 

Is  there  an  earlier  account  of  this  legenc 
of  the  origin  of  Stonehenge,  and  if  so,  where 
is  it  to  be  found  ?  J.  HARRIS  STONE. 

WATER-COLOUR  ARTISTS.  —  Biographica 
details  are  sought  of  any  of  the  following 
English  water-colour  artists,  examples  oJ 
whose  work  are  in  my  collection  : — 

1.  G.  H.  Ashburnham.      18.  Paul  Marny. 

2.  J.  D.  Barnett. 

3.  J.  N.  Carter. 

4.  H.  B.  Carter. 

5.  Peter  Deakin. 

6.  E.Dolby. 

7.  Bernard  Evans. 

8.  J.  D.  Harding. 

9.  G.  J.  Knox. 

10.  R.  P.  Leitch. 

11.  W.  L.  Leitch. 

12.  R.  T.  Landells. 

13.  R.  Markes. 

14.  R.  H.  Nibbs. 

15.  C.  L.  Ogg. 

16.  F.  P.  Searle. 

17.  B.  B.  Wadham. 

35.  E.  Byrne. 
Please  reply  direct. 

T.  CANN  HUGHES,  M.A., 
78,  Church  Street,  Lancaster. 


19.  F.  Boisseree. 

20.  Charles  Pearson. 

21.  J.  Salmon. 

22.  R.  P.  Richards. 

23.  John  Faulkner. 

24.  E.  A.  Penley. 

25.  W.  J.  Callcott. 

26.  T.  Hart. 

27.  W.  Dexter. 

28.  J  Naish. 

29.  T.  S.  Robbins. 

30.  J.  H.  Mole. 
31. Dighton. 

32.  N.  Pocock. 

33.  H.  H.  Lines. 

34.  H.  R.  Rose. 


F.S.A. 


Miss  HICKEY,  BURKE,  AND  REYNOLDS. 

I  should  be  glad  to  have  any  information 
about  Miss  Hickey,  the  daughter  of  Mr. 
Hickey,  a  solicitor  at  Dublin,  and  a  friend 
of  Burke  and  Reynolds.  I  wish  particularly 
to  know  (1)  whom  she  married  ;  (2)  when 
she  died  ;  (3)  what  portraits  of  her  exist. 
LEVERTON  HARRIS. 

Camilla  Lacey,  Dorking. 

REV.  PHOCION  HENLEY.— This  clergyman 
was  the  composer  of  a  double  chant  in  E, 
retained  in  most  collections,  and  he  held  the 
living  of  St.  Andrew  -  by  -  the  -  Wardrobe, 
London,  from  1759  till  1764.  Was  he  related 
to  the  Rev.  John  Henley,  better  known 
by  the  appellation  of  "Orator  Henley"? 
I  should  be  glad  of  the  date  and  place  of  his 
birth  and  any  other  information. 

L.  H.  CHAMBERS. 
Amersham. 


"  VIVE  LA  BELGE." — I  am  reminded  by 
MR.  W.  BAILEY  KEAIPLING'S  note  on 
"  Crown  Prince  of  Germany "  and  like 
errors  (ante,  p.  45)  of  a  story  told  to  me  many 
years  ago,  viz.,  that  when  certain  detach- 
ments of  Belgian  National  Guards  (?) 
visited  England,  probably  somewhere  about 
1865,  each  man  was  presented  with  a  medal 
bearing  the  inscription  "  Vive  la  Beige," 
instead  of  "  Vive  la  Belgique." 

Can  any  correspondent  verify  this  story, 
and,  if  it  be  true,  give  the  date  and  cir- 
cumstances ?  The  visit  preceded  or  fol- 
lowed a  visit  of  English  Volunteers  to 
Belgium.  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

WASHINGTON  IRVING' s  '  SKETCH-BOOK.' — 
I  continue  from  p.  109  my  list  of  quotations 
and    allusions    occurring    in    the     '  Sketch- 
Book  '  which  I  have  hitherto  failed  to  trace 
and  shall  be  glad  of  the  assistance  of  '  N.  &  Q. ' 

9.  Who     wrote     the     poem     '  Corydon's 
3oleful  Knell '   in  Percy's  '  Reliques,'  vol.  ii. 

book  ii.  No.  27  ? 

10.  "  There   is  a  grave   digged  and  a   solemn 
mourning  and  a  great  talk  in  the  neighbourhood, 
and  when  the  daies  are  finished,  they  shall  be, 
and    they    shall    be    remembered    no    more." — 
Jeremy  Taylor. 

11.  Beds  of  darkness. 

12.  Live  abroad  and  everywhere. 

13.  Omne  bene 

Sine  poana. 
Tempus   est    ludendi. 

Venit   hora 

Absque  mora 

Libros  deponendi. 

Old  Holiday  School  Song. 

This  is  still  sung  at  some  schools,  with  a 
horus  which  shows  that  it  is  akin  to,  or  a 
orruption  of  the  Winchester  '  Domum.' 
Vhat  is  its  history  ? 

14.  Who  wrote  the  song, 

When  this  old  cap  was  new, 
'Tis  since  two  hundred  year,  &c., 

ntitled  '  Time's  Alleviation  and  Beginning  ' 
n  Ritson's  '  Select  Collection  of  English 

ongs  '  (2nd  ed.,  1813,  vol.  ii.  p.  138),  and 
tated  to  be  probably  a  seventeenth-century 
omposition  ? 

15.  Now    capons    and    hens,    besides    turkeys, 
eese,    and    ducks,    with    beef    and    mutton — all 

must  die — for  in  twelve  days  a  multitude  of 
people  will  not  be  fed  with  little.  Now  plums  and 
spice,  sugar  and  honey,  square  it  among  pies 
and  broth,  &c. — An  old  writer's  account  *f 
Christmas  preparations. 

16.  Harp  in  hall. 

17.  Rejoice,  our  Saviour  He  was  born 
On  Christmas  Day  in  the  morning. 

Of  what  carol  is  this  the  burden  ? 


130 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       m  s.  iv.  AUG.  12, 1911. 


18.  What  Fathers  of  the  Church  declared 
the  mistletoe  unhallowed  ? 

19.  Ale  !  ale  ! 

Three  puddings  in  a  pale  ; 
Crack  nuts  and  cry  Ale  ! 

20.  I  like  them  well.     The  curious  preciseness 
And  all-pretended  gravity  of  those 

That  seek  to  banish  hence  these  harmless 

sports 
Have  thrust  away  much  ancient  honesty. 

21.  Ancient  sirloin. 

22.  I  do  walk, 

Methinks,     like    Guido    Vaux,    with     my 

dark  lanthorn, 
Stealing  to  set  the  town  o'  fire  ;     in  the 

country 
I    should    be    taken    for    William    of    the 

Wisp, 
Or  Robin  Goodfellow.  Fletcher. 

23.  Foregone  world. 

24.  Bosom  scenes. 

25.  Pity,  "  that  dwells  in  womanhood." 

26.  Prodigious  apparition. 

27.  Who    wrote    the    song     '  Of   an    Old 
Courtier  and  a  New/  beginning 

An  old  song  made  by  aged  old  pate 
Of  an  old  worshipful  gentleman  who  had  a  great 
estate, 

•which  is  printed  in  vol.  ii.  of  Ritson's  '  Select 
Collection,1  and  stated  to  be  probably  of  the 
seventeenth  century  ? 

28.  Barbed  sorrow. 

29.  Satisfied  the  sentiment. 

30.  Pure  yellow  gold. 

T.  BALSTON. 

Fox  AND  KNOT  STREET. — On  leaving  the 
Thackeray  Exhibition  I  passed  through 
Fox  and  Knot  Street  (Charterhouse  Street). 
Will  any  one  kindly  tell  me  the  origin  of 
the  name  of  this  street  ?  T.  S. 

FORT      RUSSELL,      HUDSON'S      BAY. A 

certain  Col.  Russell,  of  a  Scotch  family, 
settled  in  North- West  Canada,  c.  1760-80, 
and  is  supposed  to  have  founded  a  Fort 
Russell,  Russell's  Bay,  Hudson's  Bay. 
Should  any  of  your  readers  be  able  to  identify 
this  place  from  early  Canadian  maps,  or 
give  me  any  information  regarding  him  or 
his  family,  I  should  be  most  grateful. 

MARY  TERESA  FORTESCUE. 

Sprydoncote,  Exeter. 

ALDUS  MANUTIUS  :  PORTRAIT  BY  BELLINI. 
In  the  1805  edition  of  Roscoe's  '  Leo  X.,' 
4to,  there  is  a  portrait  of  Aldus  from  a 
picture  by  Giovan.  Bellini,  said  to  be  "  in 
the  possession  of  Mr.  Edwards  of  Pall 
Mall."  Where  is  this  picture  now  ? 

XYLOGRAPHER. 


TIMOTHY  ALSOP  was  M.P.  for  Plymouth 
in  Richard  Cromwell's  Parliament,  27  Janu- 
ary, 1658/9,  to  22  April,  1659.  He  is  sup- 
posed to  be  the  third  son  of  John  Alsopp 
of  Alsopp  le  Dale,  Derbyshire,  by  Temper- 
ance Gilbert.  There  is  an  entry  in  the 
'  Cal.  State  Papers  Dom.  Series,'  vol.  for 
1665-6,  p.  371,  to  the  effect  that  the  King 
recommended  to  the  Brewers'  Company  of 
London  the  admission  of  Josiah  Child, 
merchant  of  London,  as  a  free  brother  of  the 
Company  for  the  same  fine  as  the  late 
Timothy  Alsop,  the  King's  brewer,  paid. 

By  the  courtesy  of  the  Clerk  to  the 
Brewers'  Company,  I  have  examined  the 
only  entries  in  the  books  of  the  Company 
showing  that  Timothy  Allsop  and  Jonathan 
Allsop  were  free  of  the  Company,  the  former 
presenting  a  silver  ewer  on  the  occasion. 

Any  one  seeing  this  might  be  pardoned 
for  jumping  at  the  conclusion  that  brewing 
had  been  hereditary  for  generations  in  this 
well-known  Derbyshire  family ;  but  we 
find  that  the  firm  of  Allsopp  was  founded 
early  in  the  eighteenth  century  by  a  Mr. 
Benjamin  Wilson,  and  it  was  not  till  1805 
that  Samuel  Allsopp,  "  the  male  repre- 
sentative of  an  ancient  Derbyshire  family," 
entered  the  firm  (Barnard,  '  Noted  Breweries 
of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland,'  i.  122,  125). 

The  question  to  be  settled  now  is,  When 
did  Timothy  die  ?  A.  RHODES. 

CAMPBELL  THE  SCOTTISH  GIANT. — Where 
can  I  obtain  particulars  of  this  giant,  who 
"  exhibited  "  in  London  (at  the  Egyptian 
Hall,  I  think)  in  the  late  seventies  or  early 
eighties  ?  He  was  a  great  favourite  in 
Jersey  ;  and  he  travelled  all  over  the  world. 
He  was  very  fat  as  well  as  very  tall.  Any 
particulars  will  be  gladly  received. 

S.  J.  ADAIR  FITZ-GERALD. 

8,  Lancaster  Road,  Bowes  Park,  X. 

AYNESCOMBE,  SURREY. — In  the  Book  of 
the  Court  of  Augmentations  for  34  Hen.  VIIL, 
fo.  17,  under  date  15  February  (1542),  there 
is  a  reference  to  a  "  Ric.  Aynescombe  of 
Aynescombe,  Surrey  "  ;  see  '  Letters  and 
Papers  of  the  Reign  of  Henry  VIII.,'  ed. 
Gairdner,  vol.  xvii.  No.  1258,  p.  699.  I 
should  be  grateful  for  information  about  the 
locality  of  Aynescombe. 

ALFRED  ANSCOMBE. 

MORLENA  FEN  WIG. — I  shall  be  glad  of 
information  as  to  the  authorship  of  the 
work  in  which  Morlena  Fenwig  is  men- 
tioned. A.  E.  IBBERSON. 

[Morleena  Kenwi^s  is  in  '  Nicholas  Nickleby.'J 


ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  12,  MIL]        NOTES  AND  QU ERIES. 


131 


MUNICIPAL  RECORDS  PRINTED. 

(11  S.  ii.  287,  450,  529  ;   iii.  493.) 

fONCE  more  let  me  say  that  this  list  is  not 
perfect,  and  that  some  works  marked  "  In 
Progress  "  in  the  British  Museum  Catalogue 
when  I  started  are  completed  by  this  time. 
My  list  is  compiled  from  the  B.M.  Catalogue, 
and  some  of  the  additions  were  not  in  the 
Catalogue  at  first,  and  some  are  not  even  yet. 
For  instance,  the  '  Records  of  Inverness,' 
by  Mackay  and  Boyd,  mentioned  by  MR. 
P.  J.  ANDERSON,  had  not  even  reached 
the  B.M.  authorities  when  I  received  the 
proof  of  the  last  list  which  the  Editor  kindly 
sent  me.  On  making  inquiries,  I  was,  as 
a  favour,  shown  the  book,  which  bears  the 
date  1911  on  the  title-page,  so  the  omission 
was  not  my  fault. 

Gould's  '  Records  of  Dorchester '  was 
not  in  the  Catalogue  when  the  first  part  of 
my  list  appeared.  I  am  too  deeply  sensible 
of  the  good  work  done  by  MR.  E.  A.  FRY 
to  resent  any  criticism  from  him,  but  my 
imperfect  list  was  a  correct  description  of 
the  '  Dorset  Records.'  when  it  appeared. 

The  same  remark  applies  to  MR.  BEAVEN. 
I  am  well  aware  how  conscientious  and  in- 
dustrious he  has  been  in  all  his  work.  I  am 
not  going  to  deny  that  the  chronological 
order  in  his  case  is  not  the  best,  especially 
with  regard  to  Bristol  ;  but  as  he  has  a 
more  important  work  on  London,  I  Avill  defer 
a  few  remarks  till  that. 

Lanark. — Extracts  from  the  Records  of  the 
Royal  Burgh  of  Lanark,  with  Charters  and 
Documents  relating  to  the  Burgh,  A.D.  1150- 
1122.  (1895.)  List  of  Surnames,  Index  and 
Glossary. 

Selections  from  the  Registers  of  the  Pres- 
bytery of  Lanark,  1623  to  1709.  Abbotsford 
Club.  (1839.)  Index. 

Lancaster,  City,  County,  and  Duchy. — Official 
Lists  of  the  Duchy  and  County  of  Lancaster, 
from  the  earliest  times  to  the  present  day. 
By  W.  R.  Williams.  (1901.)  Index  of 
Names. 

Pleadings  and  Depositions  in  the  Duchy 
Court  of  Lancaster.  Time  of  Henry  VII. 
and  Henry  VIII.  (1896.)— Lancashire  and 
Cheshire  Record  Society  Publications,  vol. 
xxxii.  Index  of  Names  and  Places. 

Record  of  the  Provincial  Assembly  of 
Lancashire  and  Cheshire.  By  G.  E.  Evans. 
(1896.)  Index  of  Ministers. 

The  Lancaster  Pipe  Rolls  of  31  Henry  I., 
1130,  and  of  the  Reigns  of  Henry  II.,  1155-89  ; 
Richard  I.,  1189-99;  and  John,  1199-1216. 
Also  Early  Lancashire  Charters,  from  the 
Reign  of  William  Rufus  to  that  of  King  John. 
By  W.  Farrer.  (1902.) 


Final  Concords  of  the  County  of  Lancaster. 
Part  I.  7  Ric.  I.  to  35  Ed.  I.,  1196  to  1307. 
By  W.  Farrer.  (1899.)  —  Lancashire  and 
Cheshire  Record  Society  Publications,  vol. 
xxxix.  Index. 

A  List  of  the  Freeholders  in  Lancashire  in  the 
Year  1600  . —  Lancashire  and  Cheshire  Record 
Society  Publications,  xii.  225-51.  (1885.)  Index 
of  Names  of  Persons  and  Places. 

The  Charters  of  the  Duchy  of  Lancaster. 
By  W.  Hardy.  (1845.)  General  Index. 

Pleadings  and  Depositions  in  the  Duchy 
Court  of  L.  Time  of  Henry  VII  and  Henry  VIII. 
ByH.Fishwick.  2  parts.  (1896-7.)— Lancashire 
and  Cheshire  Record  Society  Publications,  vols. 
xxxii.  and  xxxv.  Index  of  Names  and  Places. 

Lancaster  Records,  or  Leaves  from  Local 
History  ;  comprising  an  Authentic  Account  of 
the  Progress  of  the  Borough  of  Lancaster  during 
the  Period  of  Half  a  Century,  1801-50.  Has  an 
Appendix  of  Ancient  Chronology  from  1193 
to  1800.  Good  Index.  Principally  compiled 
from  The  Lancaster  Gazette.  (1869.) 

The  Charters  of  Lancaster.  By  R.  O.  Roper. 
— Transactions  of  the  Historic  Society  of  Lan- 
cashire and  Cheshire,  vol.  xxxv.  pp.  1-14. 
(1886.)  Names  indexed  in  volume  Index. 
Langport. — The  Papers  of  the  former  Corporation 
of  Langport,  1596-1886.  By  D.  M.  Ross. — 
Proceedings  of  the  Somersetshire  Archaeological 
and  Nat.  Hist.  Soc.,  vol.  liii.  pp.  148-73.  (1907.) 
Lap  worth. — Memorials  of  a  Warwickshire  Parish  : 
being  Papers  mainly  descriptive  of  the  Records 
and  Registers  of  the  Parish  of  Lap  worth.  By 
R.  Hudson.  (1904.)  Index  to  the  Pre- 
Reformation  names,  and  to  the  names  in  the 
Registers  from  1561  to  1860. 

Leeds. — Copies  of  all  the  Local  Acts  of  Parlia- 
ment for  the  Town  and  Borough  of  Leeds, 
from  the  Reign  of  George  II.  down  to  the 
Present  Period,  &c.,  Charters,  Wills,  &c. 
(1822.)  No  index. 

An  Abstract  of  Accounts  for  Fourteen  Years, 
ending  Whitsuntide,  1840,  showing  the  Income 
and  Expenditure  relative  to  Property  under 
the  management  of  the  Pious  Use  Trustees, 
&c.  (1841.) 

Abstract  of  the  Report  of  the  Statistical 
Committee  (for  1838-40)  of  the  Town  Council 
of  the  Borough  of  Leeds.  (1841.) 

Civic  Life  in  Bygone  Centuries.  By  J.  D. 
Shaw.—'  The  Antiquary,'  iv.  147-51.  (1881.) 
Leicester. — Records  of  the  Borough  of  Leicester  : 
being  a  Series  of  Extracts  from  the  Archives 
of  the  Corporation  of  Leicester.  By  Mary 
Bateson. 

I.  1103-1327.  (1899.) 

II.  1327-1509.  (1901.) 

III.  1509-1603.  (1905.) 

Vols.  I.  and  II.  have  three  indexes :  1. 
Rarer  Words  and  Matters.  2.  Streets,  Fields, 
&c.  •  3.  Names  and  Places.  Vol.  III.  has  an 
Index  of  Names  of  Persons  and  Trade  or  Office. 

An  Index  to  the  Ancient  Manuscripts  of  the 
Borough  of  Leicester  preserved  in  the  Muni- 
ment Room  of  the  Town  Hall.  By  J.  C.  Jeaffreson. 
(1878.)  See  also  Hist.  MSS.  Com.,  Seventh  and 
Eighth  Reports,  which  contain  Mr.  Jeaffreson 's 
fuller  account. 

Return  as  to  Parish  Documents  ordered  to 
be  made  by  the  Finance  and  General  Purposes 
Committee  of  the  Leicestershire  County  Council. 


132 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [n  s.  iv.  AUG.  12, 1911. 


November  5th,  1895. — 305  parishes.  Thi 
Return  does  not  include  the  parishes  which 
are  Boroughs  or  Urban  District  Councils 
Parishes  alphabetically  arranged ;  some  o 
the  documents  valuable. 

The  Rolls  cf  the  Mayors  of  Leicester.  (1874)— 
Reports  and  Papers  of  the  Associated  Archi 
tectural  Societies,  XII.  261-74.  A  brief  descrip 
tion  of  the  rolls,  and  marginal  notes  on  them 
The  complete  list  is  in  Thompson's  '  History  o 
Leicester,'  pp.  475-80. 

The  earliest    Leicester    Lay    Subsidy    Roll 
1327.      By    W.    G.    D.     Fletcher.      (1891? 
Reprinted  from   Transactions   of  Leicestershire 
Architectural  and  Archaeological  Society.     No 
completed,  no  index. 

Leigh,  Lane. — Leigh  Municipal  Records,  1863- 
1907.  By  W.  D.  Pink.  (1907.)  Index  o: 
Councillors  and  Candidates. 

Leyland  Hundred,  Lane. — List  of  the  Recusants 
in  Leyland  Hundred,  1628. — Lancashire  anc 
Cheshire  Record  Society,  xii.  173-81. 
Lichfleld. — Catalogue  of  the  Muniments  and 
MSS.  and  Books  of  Dean  and  Chapter  of  L.— 
Analysis  of  the  Magnum  Registrum  Album. — 
Catalogue  of  the  Muniments  of  the  L.  Vicars 
By  J.  C.  Cox.  (1881-6.)— William  Salt  Society 
vol.  vi.  part  ii.  Table  of  Contents  and  Index 
of  Names. 

Limerick. — Civil  Articles  of  Lymerick.  Exactly 
printed  from  the  Letters  Patents.  (1692.) 

Black  Book  of  Limerick.  By  J.  Mac-Caffrey 
1192  to  1358.  (1907.)  General  Index. 
Lincoln,  City,  Diocese,  and  County. — Catalogus 
Tenentium  Terras  per  Singulas  Hundredas 
Sive  Centurias  in  Comitatu  Line,  tempore  R. 
Henrici  II.  (From  Bibl.  Cott.  Claudius,  C.  v.) 
Liber  Niger  Scaccarii.  By  Thos.  Hearne, 
vol.  ii.  pp.  399-423.  (1771.) 

Names  of  the  Mayors,  Bailiffs,  Sheriffs,  and 
Chamberlains  of  the  City  of  Lincoln  since  the 
Year  of  our  Lord  13 13.... With  a  concise 
Abridgement  of  the  City  Charter,  &c.  (1787.) 

A  Subsidy  collected  in  the  Diocese  of  Lincoln 
in  1526.  By  H.  Salter.  (1909.)  Index  of 
Names  of  Places  and  Persons. 

Abstracts  of  Final  Concords  temp.  Rich.  I., 
John,    and   Henry   III.     Vol.    I.    Part   I.    and 
Part  II.  (1896.)     Index  of  Places,  and  Index  of 
Persons  and  Matters. 
Little  Stukeley.     See  Huntingdon. 
Littleport,  Camb. — Court  of  the  Bishop  of  Ely  at 
Littleport,    1285-1327.— Selden    Society    Pub- 
lications, IV.  107-47.     (1891.)     Index  of  Matters 
and  Persons. 

Liverpool. — The  Account  of    the    Corporation  of 
Liverpool  with  their  Treasurer,  18th  October, 
1832,  to  the  18th  October,  1833.     (1834.) 
Also  18  Oct.,  1833,  to  1834. 
Also  18  Oct.,  1834,  to  24  Dec.,  1835.     (1835.) 
The  Burgess  Rolls  of  Liverpool  during  the 
Sixteenth     Century.       By     E.     H.     Hance. — 
Transactions  of  Historic  Society  of  Lancashire 
and  Cheshire,  xxxv.    147-86.     (1883.)     During 
the      Seventeenth     Century,      xxxvi.     129-58. 
(1886.)     Names  in  Index  at  end. 

Rules,     Orders,    and    Bye-Laws    for....  the 

Markets  within  Borough  of  Liverpool.     (1819.) 

The   Borough   Fund   of   the    Corporation    of 

Liverpool from  25  Dec.,  1835,  to  31  Aug., 

1836.     (1836.) 


Also  from  1  Sept.,  1836,  to  31  Aug.,  183T 
(1837)  ;  1  Sept,.  1837,  to  31  Aug.,  1838  (1838)  ? 
1  Sept.,  1839,  to  31  Aug.,  1840  (1840)  ;  1  Sept.,. 
1842,  to  31  Aug.,  1843  (1843). 

A  Copious  Report  of  the  Inquiry  into  the 
Affairs  of  the  Corporation  of  Liverpool,  before 
His  Majesty's  Commissioners ....  commenced 
on  the  4th,  and  ended  on  the  30th  Nov.,  1833^ 
(1833.)  No  index. 

A  Correct  Translation  of  the  Charter  of 
Liverpool,  with  Remarks  and  Explanatory 
Notes.  (1757  ?)  Valuable  foot-notes,  but  no 
index. 

The  Charter  granted  to  the  Burgesses  of 
Liverpool  by  William  III.,  with  Notes  and 
Explanatory  Remarks  on  the  same  ;  also,  the 
Charter  of  George  II.,  the  Order  of  Common 
Council,  and  the  Petition  for  obtaining  that 
Charter,  with  the  Report  of  the  Attorney-  and 
Solicitor-General  thereon ....  to  which  is  added 
a  Summary  of  the  Proceedings  of  the  Burgesses 
and  Common  Council  from  the  Reign  of  Eliza- 
beth to  the  Present  Time,  &c.  (1810.)  No- 
index. 

Historic  Gleanings  :  viz.  Extracts  from  the 
Registers  of ....  Wallasey,  and  Transcripts  of 
the  Burgess  Rolls  of  Liverpool  during  the  Six- 
teenth Century,  with  Elucidations  and  Notes. 
By  E.  M.  Hance  and  T.  N.  Norton.  (1886.) 
Valuable  Notes,  but  no  index.  Reprinted 
from  vol.  xxxv.  of  the  Transactions  of  the 
Historic  Society  of  Lancashire  and  Cheshire. 

Selections  from  the  Municipal  Archives  and 
Records,  from  the  Thirteenth  to  the  Seventeenth 
Century  inclusive.  From  1207  to  1699.  By 
Sir  James  A.  Picton.  (1883.)  General  Index. 

Municipal  Archives  and  Records,  from  1700 
to  the  Passing  of  the  Municipal  Reform  Act, 
1835.  By  Sir  J.  A.  Picton.  (1886.)  General 
Index. 

A  History  of  Municipal  Government  in  Liver- 
pool from  the  Earliest  Times  to  the  Municipal 
Reform  Act  of  1835.  By  R.  Muir  and  E.  M. 
Platt.  (1906.)  Index  Nominum,  Locorum, 
et  Rerum. 

Lochmaben. — Extracts  from  the  Records  of  the 
Burgh  of  Lochmaben.  —  Transactions  and 
Journal  of  Proceedings  of  the  Dumfriesshire 
and  Galloway  Natural  History  and  Antiquarian 
Society,  vol.  xviii.  pt.  i.  104-23.  (1907.)  No- 
index  to  volume. 

A.  RHODES. 
(To  ~be  continued.) 

MB.  RHODES  has  omitted  the  penultimate 
volume  of  the  Glasgow  Burgh  Records. 
[t  is  rather  an  important  one,  since  it  covers- 
;he  period  of  the  failure  of  the  Darien 
Scheme,  the  Treaty  of  Union,  and  the 
Rebellion  of  1715,  all  of  which  bulked  large 
n  Glasgow  history  : — 

Extracts  from  the  Burgh  Records  of  Glasgow- 
1908.)     1691-1711.     Index  of  Persons,  Subjects,- 
and  Places. 

["his  completes  the  sequence  of  five  volumes; 
f  Records  edited  by  the  late  Sir  James 
VEarwick  and  Mr.  Robert  Ren  wick  (Town 
}lerk  and  Depute  Town  Clerk  of  Glasgow), 
and  covering  the  period  1573-1738. 


n  s.  iv.  AUG.  12,  MIL]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


133 


It  may  be  noted  that  some  other  of  the 
Trades  Incorporations  of  Glasgow,  besides 
those  mentioned  by  MR.  RHODES,  have 
published  their  histories,  which  include 
the  Burgh  Records  bearing  on  the  growth 
and  development  of  their  crafts  —  for 
instance,  the  Barbers,  Cordiners,  Masons, 
Maltmen,  Wrights,  &c.  G. 

Cathcart. 


LONGINUS    AND    ST.  PAUL  (11   S.  IV.    64).  :  — 

The  fragment  referred  to  by  Zachary  Pearce, 
about  which  MR.  R.  J.  WALKER  asks  for 
information,  was  printed  in  Hudson's 
edition  of  the  '  De  Sublimitate  '  (Oxford, 
1710  and  1718).  A  list  is  given  in  the 
"Prefatio"  of  recorded  works  of  Longinus. 
Under  1$,  KpiriKa,  Hudson  writes  :  — 


"  Ex  hoc  tractatu  forsan  desumptum  est  illud 
Longini  de  Rhetoribus  testimonium,  quod  exstat 
in  praestantissimo  cpdice  Evangeliorum  Biblio- 
thecse  Vatican®  Urbinatis,  signato  num.  2,  quod 
nobiscum  communicavit  Vir  summse  doctrinse 
pariter  ac  humanitatis,  Laur.  Alex.  Zacagnius  : 

Aoyyivos  6  KOLL  pr/TUp  rrjv  rCiv  /m,eyd\<*}v  prjTopwv 
c.Tra.pidfj.-riffi.v  vvvtra^cv  otfrws.  Ko/jwvis  3'  &rrw  \6yov 
Travros  Kdi  <pp6vr)/u,a.TOS  'EXXT/pi/coO  Arj/^otrO^vt]^,  Ai'crtas 
[here  follow  seven  other  names],  TT/OOS  rot/rots  IlaOXos 
6  Ta/xrei)?,  ovriva  Kal  irp&rdv  <p-rjfjt.i  irpOLffrd^evov  ddy- 
(J.O.TOS  avcnrodeiKTov." 

In  Benjamin  Weiske's  edition,  which 
embodies  Toup  and  Ruhnken's  notes,  the 
words  from  Trpos  robots  to  the  end  of  the 
fragment  are  enclosed  in  brackets,  being 
evidently  regarded  as  an  addition  to  Longi- 
nus' s  words.  Weiske's  comment  is  :  "  Cen- 
suisse  ergo  videtur  quisquis  hoc  adscripsit 
Paulum  primum  omnium  scripto  mandasse 
dogmata  Christianorum."  Egger  in  his 
edition  (Paris,  1837,  p.  65)  brackets  the 
same  words. 

What  is  apparently  the  manuscript  in 
question,  the  cursive  MS.  of  the  Evangelists, 
"  Rom.  Urbino-Vat.  2  "  (twelfth  century), 
is  briefly  described  in  Scrivener's  '  Plain 
Introduction,'  ed.  4,  vol.  i.  p.  214  ;  but  no 
mention  is  made  of  the  Longinus  fragment. 
EDWARD  BENSLY. 

Roberts  in  his  edition  of  '  Longinus  on 
the  Sublime  '  (2nd  ed.,  p.  234)  refers  to  the 
fragment  of  Longinus  the  philosopher  on 
"  Paul  of  Tarsus  "  as  given  in  Vaucher, 
'  Etudes  Critiques  sur  le  Traite  du  Sublime 
et  sur  les  Merits  de  Longin,'  Geneve,  1854, 
p.  309.  But  Roberts  intimates  doubt  as  to 
the  genuineness  of  the  fragment. 

It  ought  to  be  unnecessary  to  add  that 
most  critics  now  hold  that  the  philosopher, 


the  teacher  of  Zenobia,  is  not  the  author 
of  the  treatise  '  On  the  Sublime.'  The 
best  opinion  is  that  the  name  of  the  author 
is  unknown.  BIBONG. 

"  GOTHAMITES  "=  LONDONERS  (11  S.  iv. 
25). — MR.  A.  F.  ROBBINS  is  not,  I  think,, 
quite  justified  in  assuming  from  but  a  single- 
instance  that,  a  couple  of  centuries  ago,. 
Londoners  were  apt  to  be  dubbed  Gotham- 
ites — or  at  least  more  so  than  the  inhabit- 
ants of  any  other  place.  The  section  dealing 
with-  '  Offshoots  of  Gotham  '  in  my  book,. 
'All  about  the  Merry  Tales  of  Gotham,' 
2nd  ed.,  1910,  contains  numerous  instances, 
from  different  parts  of  the  country,  of  the 
adoption  of  the  same  practice  : — 

"  It  would  seem  that,  whenever  old  writers 
desired  to  satirise  any  particular  place,  or  any 
particular  proceedings,  it  Was  the  usual  practise 
to  borrow  the  names  '  Gotham  '  and  "  Gotham- 
ites,'  as  proxies,  against  which  to  launch  oppro- 
brium and  invective,  while  leaving  it  for  their 
readers  to  mentally  supply  correct  names." 
In  the  case  of  three  places,  however — 
Glasgow,  Newcastle,  and  Stroud — I  found' 
some  evidence  of  the  nickname  "  Gotham  " 
becoming  fixed  for  a  more  or  less  consider- 
able period  of  years. 

Of  the  application  of  the  term  to  New- 
York  I  found  no  evidence  earlier  than  the- 
nineteenth  century.  There,  moreover,  the 
original  significance  of  the  nickname  would 
appear  to  have  been  forgotten,  to  judge  from 
the  manner  in  which  Americans  use  it  at 
the  present  day. 

However,  I  thank  MR.  ROBBINS  for  an- 
addition  to  my  collection  of  literary  refer- 
ences, and  shall  be  glad  to  learn  of  others, 
which,  if  not  of  sufficient  interest  for 
'  N.  &  Q.,'  may  be  sent  to  me  direct. 

A.  STAPLETON. 

39,  Burford  Eoad,  Nottingham. 

"GIFLA"  (11  S.  iv.  43).— As  a  sort  of 
counter-proposal  to  MR.  ANSCOMBE'S  "  Isle- 
worth  "  may  I  offer  a  speculation  as  to  the 
position  of  this  tribe  ?  Perhaps  some 
Hampshire  reader  may  criticize  it.  It  is 
that  the  Esselei  Hundred  of  Domesday 
Book  should  be  read  Effelei— a  possible 
relative  of  Gifla.  This  hundred  corresponds 
somewhat  to  the  present  Bishop's  Sutton, 
to  the  east  of  Winchester.  In  that  case 
Gifla =Meonwara.  The  place-name  Effelle- 
actually  occurs  in  Domesday  Book  ;  it  i& 
an  unidentified  manor  of  2  hides  near 
Havant. 

As  to  Faerpinga,  the  oldest  copy  of  the 
*  Tribal  Hidage  '  has  a  side-note  that  it  "la- 
in Middle  England,"  so  that  Hampshire 


134 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  12, 1911. 


-will  scarcely  do.  I  may  add  that  the  com- 
parison printed  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  in  September 
'last  gives  the  names  in  their  usual  order. 

J.  BROWNBILL. 

HALFACREE  (US.  iii.  467). — It  does  not 
seem  likely  that  this  family  name  has 
•aught  to  do  with  "  half-acre  stream."  The 
*  Patronymica  Britannica '  derives  Half- 
•acre  from  A.-S.  Jicerfcegr,  fair-haired.  Fer- 
guson supposes,  however,  the  name  to  be 
the  anglicized  form  of  A.-S.  ^Elfgar,  Nor- 
wegian Alfgejr.  So,  too,  Halfpenny .  and 
Twopenny  are  said  to  be  both  forms  of 
D'Aubigny.  Halfacree  is  the  vulgar  pro- 
nunciation of  Half  acre,  as  when  Tommy 
Atkins  speaks  of  "  the  bloody  massacree 
of  Cawnpore."  N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

APPARITION  AT  PIBTON,  HEBTS  (11  S.  iii. 
466  ;  iv.  33).— From  Miss  Ellen  Pollard's 
account  of  High  Down,  Pirton,  which  is 
shortly  to  be  printed,  I  learn  that  the  Cava- 
lier's name  was  Goring,  and  the  date  of  his 
execution  15  June  ;  but  the  year  is  not 
specified.  Miss  Pollard's  version  makes 
him  ride  headless  upon  a  white  palfrey 
from  High  Down  to  the  site  of  the  cell  in 
the  grounds  of  Hitchin  Priory. 

W.  B.  GEBISH. 

PRINCESS  VICTORIA'S  VISIT  TO  THE  MAR- 
QUIS or  ANGLESEY  (11  S.  iv.  67,  113). — 
The  matter  referred  to  in  the  query  by  L.  V. 
is  a  curious  instance  of  the  perversion  of 
historic  fact,  which  in  this  case  was  as 
follows.  In  1832  the  Duchess  of  Kent 
took  Princess  Victoria  on  the  first  of  those 
long  tours  through  the  country  which  so 
much  annoyed  William  IV.  Part  of  the 
time  they  spent  at  Beaumaris  in  Anglesey, 
where  a  house  had  been  hired  for  a  month  ; 
but  cholera  broke  out  while  they  were  there, 
and  the  Marquis  of  Anglesey  immediately 
offered  the  Duchess  the  loan  of  his  mansion, 
Plas  Newydd,  a  delightful  place  on  the 
western  shore  of  the  Menai  Straits,  just  south 
•of  where  the  Tubular  Bridge  now  crosses  the 
water,  and  so  cut  off  by  park  land  from 
village  and  town  that  no  infection  could  touch 
it.  CLARE  JEBBOLD. 

Hampton-oii-Thames. 

KING  GEORGE  V.'s  ANCESTORS  (11  S.  iv. 
87).- 

(1)  Ernest   I.    (cl.    1844)   was   the   son   of 
Francis,  Duke  of  Saxe-Coburg  (d.  1806). 

(2)  Louise  his  wife  was  daughter  of  Augus- 
tus,   Duke    of    Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg.     She 
died  1831,  aged  32. 


(3)  Wilhelm   of   Gliicksburg    was   son    of 
Frederick,  and  grandson  of  Charles  Antony 
of  Gliicksburg. 

(4)  Louisa  of  Hesse-Cassel  was  daughter 
of    Charles    of    Hesse-Cassel    and    Louisa, 
daughter  of  Frederick  V.   of  Denmark  by 
Louisa,  daughter  of  George  II.  of  England. 
Charles  of  Hesse-Cassel  (above)  was  second 
son  of    Frederick    II.     of   Hesse-Cassel  by 
Mary,  daughter  of  George  II.  of  England. 

(5)  Wilhelm  of  Hesse-Cassel  was  son   of 
Frederick,   third   son   of  Frederick  II.   and 
Mary  of  England. 

(6)  Charlotte,  wife  of  the  above  Wilhelm 
of  Hesse-Cassel,  was  daughter  of  Frederick 
(d.   1805),  son  of  Frederick  V.  of  Denmark 
by  his  second  wife  Mary  of  Brunswick. 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

THERMOMETER  (11  S.  iv.  87). — In  a  little 
work  entitled  '  The  Evolution  of  the  Ther- 
mometer, 1592-1743,'  by  Henry  Carrington 
Bolton  (The  Chemical  Publishing  Company, 
Easton,  Pa.),  1900,  the  American  author 
clearly  shows  that  one  of  the  most  persistent 
of  "  vulgar  errors  "  is  the  assertion  that  the 
thermometer  was  invented  about  1608  by 
a  Hollander  named  Cornelius  Drebbel. 
Burckhardt,  the  German  authority  on  the 
subject,  has  shown  how  the  blunder  ori- 
ginated, and  yet,  in  the  records  of  invention 
and  dictionaries  this  error  is  repeated  to  the 
present  day. 

In  1624  a  book  was  published  at  Pont-a- 
Mousson,  entitled  '  La  Ptecreation  Mathe- 
maticque,'  over  the  pen-name  A.  van  Etten, 
but  written  by  the  Jesuit  Father  Jean 
Leurechon,  in  which  the  word  thermometer  is 
found  for  the  first  time  ;  the  author  describes 
and  figures  "  a  thermometer,  an  instrument 
for  measuring  degrees  of  heat  and  cold  that 
are  in  the  air." 

The  word  thermoscope  first  appears  in 
print  in  the  treatise  '  Sphaera  mundi,  seu 
cosmographia  demonstrative,'  written  in 
1617  by  Giuseppe  Bianconi,  and  printed  at 
Bologna  in  1620. 

Evidence  establishes  the  following  points  : 
1.  The  thermometer  was  invented  by  Galileo 
Galilei  between  1592  and  1597.  2.  The 
instrument  was  an  inverted  air  thermoscope, 
containing  either  water  or  wine,  and  pro- 
vided with  a  scale  of  degrees.  3.  By  its  use 
Galileo  determined  relative  temperatures  of 
different  seasons.  4.  Galileo  made  thermo- 
metric  observations  of  freezing  mixtures. 
Sanctorius,  the  Italian  physician,  and  one 
of  the  colleagues  of  Galileo,  nowhere  claims 
to  have  invented  the  thermometer,  as  is 


LI  s.  iv.  A™.  12,  i9ii.]        NO TES  AND  QUERIES. 


135 


sometimes  stated  ;  on  the  contrary,  he  calls 
it  in'his  '  Commentaries  on  Galen  '  a  "  most 
ancient  instrument  "  (p.  538,  ed.  1612). 

In  reference  to  Galilei  it  may  be  mentioned 
that  his  inscription  in  the  album  of  Ernest 
Brinck  is  noticed  at  2  S.  v.  44. 

Jean  Hey  in  a  letter  written  to  Father 
Marsenne,  1  January,  1632,  said  : — 

"  I  observe  there  are  divers  kinds  of  thermo- 
^scopes  ou  thermometres  ;  what  you  tell  me  does 
not  agree  with  mine,  which  is  merely  a  small 
round  flask  having  a  very  long  slender  neck," 
Ac. — Quoted  in  French  by  Burckhardt,  '  Zur 
Geschichte  des  Thermometers,'  1902. 

The  earliest  use  I  have  found  of  the  word 
in  a  title  is  in  the  work  by  Dalence,  '  Traittez 
des  barometres,  thermometres  et  notiometres 
•ou  hygrometres,'  Amsterdam,  1688. 

TOM  JONES. 

MILKY  WAY  :  ITS  VARIOUS  NAMES  (11  S. 
lii.  406). — One  of  the  Welsh  names  for  the 
Milky  Way  is  Caer  Gwydion=the  fortress 
of  Gwydion.  Gwydion  was  the  son  of  the 
goddess  Don,  and  brother  of  Arianrod.  In 
the  Triads  he  is  one  of  the  three  astronomers 
•of  Wales.  The  family  of  Don  seem  to  have 
faeen  all  connected  with  the  sky  :  the  aurora 
toorealis  was  called  Caer  Arianrod. 

C.  C.  B. 

CUCKOO  RIMES  :  HEATHFIELD  CUCKOO 
:FAIR  (11  S.  iii.  465;  iv.  31,  96).— MB. 
VAUGHAN  GOWER  testifies  as  to  East  Sussex 
cuckoo-lore.  That  of  West  Sussex  is  set 
forth  in  some  notes  on  the  superstitions  of 
that  side  of  the  county  which  Mrs.  Latham 
•contributed  to  the  first  volume  of  The 
Folk-lore  Record,  published  in  1878  (p.  17)  : 

"  There  is  a  childish"  legend  current  with  us, 
if  not  popularly  believed,  that  a  certain  old  woman 
of  irascible  temper  has  charge  of  all  the  cuckoos, 
and  that  in  spring  she  fills  her  apron  with  them, 
and,  if  she  is  in  a  good  humour,  allows  several 
to  take  flight,  but  only  permits  one  or  two  to 
escape  if  anything  has  happened  to  sour  her 
temper.  This  spring  a  woman  of  the  village 
complained  quite  pathetically  of  the  bad  humour 
•of  the  cuckoo-keeper,  who  had  only  let  one  bird 
fly  out  of  her  apron,  and  '  that  'ere  bird  is  nothing 
to  call  a  singer.'  Some  of  us  think  that  at  a  cer- 
tain period  the  cuckoo  changes  into  a  hawk." 

It  is  curious  that  another  Sussex  belief  is 
registered  in  Reinsberg-Diiringsfeld's  '  Tra- 
ditions et  Legendes,'  t.  i.  p.  255,  a  work  with 
which  I  have  no  personal  acquaintance  : — 

"  Le  14  avril  en  Belgique  donnait  lieu  autre- 
fois  a  une  ce're'monie  mystique,  qui  en  d'autres 
localites  n'avait  lieu  que  le  24  avril  et  qu'on 
^ppelait  '  koekoekfeest '  parce  que  ce  jour  le 
coucou  proph^tisait  1'avenir.  En  Sussex,  en 
Angleterre,  ce  jour  s'appelle  encore  aujourd'hui 
first  cuckoo  day.'  " 


As  far  as  I  have  ascertained,  the  folk 
of  this  land  alone  have  commemorated  in  a 
jingle  the  cuckoo's  change  of  note.  That 
says  something  for  their  observation. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

THE  CUCKOO  AND  ITS  CALL,  (11  S.  iii.  486  ; 
iv.  30,  75,  96). — The  curious  "bubbling" 
crj  of  the  female  cuckoo  to  my  ear  suggests 
laughter,  and  is  somewhat  akin  to  the 
laughing  note  of  Turtur  Senegalensis,  the 
laughing  dove. 

In  reply  to  D.  K.  T.  I  may  say  that  in 
April,  1903, 1  heard  a  male  cuckoo  call  in  the 
Mogok  valley  in  Upper  Burma,  about  five 
thousand  feet  above  sea-level. 

DONALD  GUNN. 


GRAY'S  '  ELEGY  '  :  TRANSLATIONS  AND 
PARODIES  (11  S.  iii.  62,  144,  204,  338  ;  iv.  90). 
— Gilbert  Wakefield's  version  appears  to 
have  been  issued  several  times,  but  it  first 
appeared  in  1776,  in  another  form  than  that 
mentioned  by  PROF.  BENSLY,  namely,  in  a 
handsomely  printed  quarto  volume  of  85 
pages  entitled  "  Poemata  Latine  Partim 
Scripta,  Partim Reddita .  .  .  .aGilberto  Wake- 
field  A.B.  et  Coll.  Jesu  apud  Cantab.  Socio  ; 
Cantabrigise  ;  typis  Academicis  excudit  J. 
Archdeacon.  1776."  My  own  copy  of  this 
work  was  bought  of  Mr.  Nutt  in  1898,  in  its 
original  paper  wrapper,  clean  and  uncut,  as 
if  it  were  a  "  remainder  "  ;  and  I  should  not 
be  surprised  if  Mr.  JSTutt  still  had  copies. 

Wakefield's  version  is  certainly  school- 
boyish,  and  may  deserve  all  Munro's 
strictures  ;  but  it  is  fair  to  remember 
(what  Munro  apparently  never  realized) 
that  Wakefield,  though  "a  Fellow  of  his 
college,  was  only  20  when  it  was  published. 

Munro's  version  was  privately  circulated 
in  1874,  more  as  a  typographical  experiment 
than  anything  else  ;  it  was  in  violet-paper 
covers,  and  the  pentameters  were  not  in- 
dented. The  heading  was  as  follows  : 
"  Incipit  Thomse  Grai  Cantabrigiensis  ele- 
gorum  liber  in  sepulcreto  quodam  rustico 
conscriptus  Anglice  mine  autem  ab  H.  A.  I. 
Munro  T.  C.  A.  et  ipso  Cantabrigiensi 
Nasonianis  numeris  Latine  redditus.  1874." 
The  colophon  ran  :  "  Thomse  Grai  Canta- 
brigiensis elegorum  liber  explicit  feliciter." 
Copies  are  probably  extremely  rare. 

C.  W.  BRODRIBB. 

In  col.  2,  p.  91,  line  6,  for  "  paritesque  " 
read  pariterque  ;  and  in  line  15  for  "  tremes- 
centes  "  read  tremiscentes. 

J.  R.  MAGRATH. 


136 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  A™.  12, 1911. 


AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (11  S. 
iv.  88).— 

Quoniam  non  CDgnovi,  &c. 

This  is  part  of  verses  15,  16  of  Psalm  Ixx.  in 
the  Vulgate,  in  A.V.  Ixxi.  W.  C.  B. 

"  TOUT      COMPRENDRE      c'EST      TOUT      PAR- 

DONNER  "  (11  S.  iv.  86). — DR.  KRUEGER 
may  like  to  refer  to  a  note  by  MR.  E. 
LATHAM  at  9  S.  xi.  223. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

ELECTOR  PALATINE  c.  1685  (US.  iv.  68).—- 
It  is  a  little  difficult  to  say  who  was  the 
Electoral  Prince  Palatine  referred  to  in  a 
book  published  in  the  year  1685. 

Charles  Lewis,  Elector  Palatine  of  the 
Rhine,  commonly  called  in  England  the 
Palsgrave,  born  22  December,  1617,  had 
by  his  wife,  Charlotte  of  Hesse-Cassel,  one 
daughter,  Charlotte  Elizabeth,  Duchess  of 
Orleans,  and  one  son,  Charles  ;  but  his 
mistress  Louise  von  Degenfeld  bore  him 
thirteen  other  children,  on  whom  the  Elector 
conferred  the  titles  of  Margrave  and  Margra- 
vine Palatine. 

Charles  Lewis  died  28  August,  1680,  and 
was  succeeded  by  his  only  legitimate  son 
Charles,  who  survived  his  father  about 
five  years,  and,  dying  childless  in  1685,  was 
followed  by  a  prince  of  the  house  of  Neu- 
bourg,  a  distant  kinsman. 

The  latter  or  the  latter's  son  is  probably 
the  Electoral  Prince  referred  to,  but  certainly 
not  Ernest  Augustus  of  Brunswick,  first 
Elector  of  Hanover,  whose  Electorate  was 
a  totally  distinct  country  from  the  Pala- 
tinate of  the  Rhine.  H. 

The  inscription  on  W.  H.  C.'s  book  cannot 
refer  to  Ernest  Augustus,  afterwards  the 
first  Elector  of  Hanover.  He  married  a 
princess  from  the  Palatinate,  Sophia,  but 
did  not  belong  to  that  country  himself. 

In  1685  the  Simmern  line  of  Electors  of 
the  Rhenish  Palatinate  died  out  with  Charles, 
grandson  of  Frederick  V.  and  Elizabeth 
Stuart,  daughter  of  James  I.  of  England, 
and  the  succession  passed  to  a  distant 
cousin,  Philip  William,  of  the  House  of 
Neuburg.  He  died  in  1690,  and  was 
succeeded  by  one  of  his  seventeen  children, 
John  William,  Duke  of  Jiilich  and  Berg. 
EDWARD  BENSLY. 

Europaischer  Hof,  Bad  Wildungen. 

The  Elector  Palatine  to  whom  the  book 
belonging  to  W.  H.  C.  is  dedicated  was 
Philip  William  of  Neuburg,  b.  November  5, 
1615,  son  of  Wolfgang,  Duke  of  Neuburg,  and 


his  wife  Madeline  of  Bavaria.  He  succeeded 
as  Count  Palatine  in  1685.  He  married, 
1st,  1642,  Anne  Catherine  Constance,, 
daughter  of  Sigismond  III.,  King  of  Poland  ; 
she  died  s.p.  1651.  He  married,  2ndly,  1652, 
Elizabeth  Amelia,  daughter  of  George  II.  r 
Landgrave  of  Hesse-Darmstadt,  by  whom 
he  had  fourteen  children.  He  died  2  Sep- 
tember, 1690,  and  was  succeeded  by  his- 
eldest  son,  John  William. 

T.  H.  B.  VADE-WALPOLE. 

There  were  two  Electors  Palatine  in 
1685.  Karl,  grandson  of  the  celebrated 
Queen  of  Bohemia,  died  in  that  year,  and 
was  succeeded  by  Philipp  Wilhelm,  Count 
Palatine  of  Neuburg.  M. 

DUMBLETON,       PLACE-NAME       (11       S.       IV- 

89). — This  is  a  singular  instance  of  a  place- 
name  where  the  forms  seem  to  be  corrupt 
at  all  periods.  The  Domesday  scribe  wrote- 
it  Dunbentone  and  Dubintone  ;  while 
in  A.D.  930  and  P95  we  have  Dumolan, 
Domelton,  Dumollan,  and  Dumbletairu 
'  Feudal  Aids  '  gives  Dombelton.  The  autho- 
rities, I  believe,  endeavour  to  obtain 
Domwulfes-tun  from  these  forms  ;  and  it 
is  not  difficult  to  account  for  the  loss  of  the 
w  and  the  /,  while  the  6  may  well  have  become 
softened  to  u  ;  but  this  does  not  account 
for  the  constant  absence  of  the  s.  (Cf.  '  Wor- 
cestershire Place-Names,'  by  W.  H.  Duignany 
1905.)  ST.  CLAIR  BADDELE^. 

CARACCIOLO    FAMILY    (11    S.    iv.    69).  - 
I  would  refer  MRS.  FORTESCUE  to  memoirs 
of  the  family  by  Count  Carraciolo  (Naples, 
1893),    No.    9906   in    the   printed   books   at 
the  British  Museum. 

Thirty  or  forty  years  a.go  an  English 
or  Irish  lady  lived  in  Naples  entitled  S. 
Arpino  of  this  family  ;  and  another  member 
of  the  family  married  a  beautiful  blonde 
Capri  peasant-girl  called  Emilia,  daughter 
of  a  Tarantella  fiddler. 

WILLIAM  MERCER. 

'  TWEEDSIDE,'  SONG  AND  METRE  (US.  IV. 
87). — The  anonymous  song  '  Tweed  side  '  is 
generally  attributed  to  John,  Lord  Yester,. 
second  Marquis  of  Tweeddale,  who  died 
at  Yester  20  April,  1713,  in  his  68th  year. 
Scot  of  Satchel,  dedicating  in  1688  his 
'  Ryming  History  '  of  the  name  of  Scot, 
compliments  the  Marquis  on  his  poetical 
gifts.  The  lyric  in  any  case  is  known  to 
have  been  written  before  the  birth  of  Allan 
Ramsay  (1684)  for  a  melody  with  which 
David  Rizzio  has  been  credited,  though 


ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  12,  MIL]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


137 


nothing  definite  is  known  of  its  origin.  11 
consists  of  two  stanzas  of  eight  lines  each 
the  opening  quatrain  being  as  follows  : — 

When  Maggie  and  I  were  acquaint, 

I  carried  my  noddle  f u'  hie  ; 

Nae  lint-white  on  all  the  gay  plain, 

Nor  gowdspink  sae  bonnie  as  she. 
The  song  popularly  known  as  '  Tweedside, 
published  in   Ramsay's    '  Tea-Table  Miscel- 
lany,' 1724,  is  the  work  of  Robert  Crawfurd, 
a  cadet  of  the  family  of  Drumsoy,  who  is 
likewise   the   author   of    '  The   Bush   aboon 
Traquair,'    also    contributed    to    Ramsay's 
anthology.     Crawfurd's   '  Tweedside  '   opens 
thus  : — 

What  beauties  does  Flora  disclose  ! 

How  sweet  are  her  smiles  upon  Tweed  I 
Yet  Mary's  still  sweeter  than  those, 

Both  nature  and  fancy  exceed. 

See  David  Laing's  edition  of  Johnson's 
*  Musical  Museum,'  i.  3*;  iv.  37,  1H*. 

THOMAS  BAYNE. 

BOARD  OF  GREEN  CLOTH  (11  S.  iv.  89). — 
4  The  Present  State  of  Great  Britain  and 
Ireland,1  1738,  partly  meets  the  want  of  your 
correspondent.  At  one  time  in  the  reign 
of  George  II.  the  Board  of  Green  Cloth  was 
officered  as  follows :  Lionel  Cranfield 
Sackville,  Duke  of  Dorset,  *  Lord 
Steward  of  his  Majesty's  Household  ;  John, 
Lord  Delawar,  Treasurer  ;  Sir  Conyers 
Darcy,  Comptroller  ;  Horace  Walpole,  Esq., 
Cofferer  ;  George  Treby,  Esq. ,  Master 
of  the  Household  ;  Sir  Tho.  Read,  Bart., 
and  Tho.  Wynne,  Esq.,  Clerks  of  the  Green 
Cloth  ;  Thomas  Hales,  Esq.,  and  Robert 
Bristow,  Esq.,  Clerks  Comptrollers. 

ST.   S  WITHIN. 

"  SOUCHY  "  :  "  WATER-SUCHY  "  (11  S.  iii. 
449  ;  iv.  13,  96).— Sir  Charles  Hanbury- 
Williams's  '  Ode  imitated  from  Ode  xl. 
Book  II.  of  Horace  '  gives  a  slightly  different 
pronunciation  to  this  word  : — 

Powell,  (d'ye  hear,)  let 's  have  the  ham, 
:Some  chickens  and  a  chine  of  lamb  ; 

And  what  else — let 's  see — look  ye, 
B — w  must  have  his  damn'd  bouilli  ; 
B — h  fattens  on  his  fricassee  ; 
I'll  have  my  water-suchy. 

A.  FRANCIS  STETJART. 
79,  Great  King  Street,  Edinburgh. 

SPIDER  STORIES  (US.  iv.  26,  76,  115).— 
Esquemeling,  *  Buccaneers,'  ed.  1893,  p.  30, 
writing  about  Hispaniola,  mentions  a  spider 
which  is  not  a  tarantula  : — 

"  A  sort  of  spider  which,  is  here  found  is  very 
hideous.  These  are  as  big  as  an  ordinary  egg, 
and  their  feet  as  long  as  those  of  the  biggest  sea- 
crabs.  Withal,  they  are  very  hairy,  and  have 


four  black  teeth,  like  those  of  a  rabbit,  both  in 
bigness  and  shape.  Notwithstanding,  their  bites 
are  not  venomous,  although  they  can  bite  very 
sharply,  and  do  use  it  very  commonly.  They 
breed  for  the  most  part  in  the  roofs  of  houses." 

S.   L.   PETTY. 

SAINT- JUST  (11  S.  iv.  90). — No  biography 
has  appeared  in  English  in  volume  form  ; 
even  the  magazines  and  reviews,  English 
or  American,  do  not  seem  to  have  attempted 
the  task.  The  best  account  I  have  noticed 
may  be  found  in  '  The  Encyclopaedia 
Britannica  '  ;  the  next  best  in  '  Chambers' s 
Encyclopaedia.'  Hamel's  '  Histoire  de  Saint- 
Just '  (18,59),  "which  brought,"  says  'The 
Ency.  Brit.,'  "  a  fine  to  the  publishers  for 
outrage  on  public  decency,"  has  not  been 
translated.  As  Saint-Just  lived  his  short 
life  "  under  the  limelight,"  I  think  we  could 
not  do  better  than  dip  into  the  works  of 
Mignet,  Lamartine,  Thiers,  or  CarJyle. 

HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 
39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennington  Lane. 

There  is  an  account  of  Saint-Just's  early 
life  in  M.   G.   Lenotre's   '  Romances  of  the 
French  Revolution  '   (trans.   1908),  vol.  i. 
A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

PORT  HENDERSON  :  CORRIE  BHREACHAN 
(11  S.  iv.  10,  58,  97).— Scott's  lines  in  '  The 
Lord  of  the  Isles  '  may  be  recalled  in  this 
connexion.  They  introduce  his  beautiful 
reference  to  his  friend  Leyden  (Canto  IV. 
st.  11)  :— 

Scarba's  isle,  whose  tortured  shore 
Still  rings  to  Corrievreken's  roar. 

The  dangers  of  Corrievreken  have  no  doubt 
considerably  exaggerated,  but  it  is 
an  awkward  place  to  get  into,  at  certain 
states  of  the  tide,  in  a  sailing  vessel.  The 
'  roar  "  can  be  heard  a  long  distance  off, 
especially  at  spring  tides  with  a  westerly 
vind.  T.  F.  D. 

GRINLING  GIBBONS  (11  S.  iv.  89). — 
AITCHO'S  query  prompted  me  to  examine 
he  indices  of  my  set  of  the  Historical 
Manuscripts  Commission  reports,  with  the 
'ollowing  result. 

Among  the  manuscripts  of  the  Duke  of 
Rutland  at  Belvoir  Castle  is  a  receipt 
igned  by  Grinling  Gibbons  for  £100  in  pay- 
ment for  two  tombs  executed  by  him  for 
John,  Earl  of  Rutland,  in  1686. 

Under  date  January,  1695,  Nath.  Hawes, 
reasujer  of  Christ's  Hospital,  writes  to 
>ir  John  Moore,  begging  he  will  allow  his 
tatue  to  be  placed  in  a  niche  in  the  new 
chool,  and  adding  that  he,  Hawes,  has 


138 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  12, 1911. 


engaged  for  the  task  the  "  statuary."  "  Mr. 
Gringlin  Gibbons,  the  bearer,  who  desires 
your  robes."  This  letter,  which  misplaces 
but  does  not  eliminate  the  g  in  Grinling, 
was  preserved  among  the  manuscripts 
of  Capt.  Stewart  of  Alltyrodyn. 

Lastly,  in  the  seventh  volume  of  the 
Duke  of  Portland's  manuscripts,  p.  38,  are 
two  references  to  Gibbon  as  being  employed 
by  the  Bishop  of  Winchester  to  provide 
a  statue  of  Cardinal  Wolsey  in  marble  for 
one  hundred  guineas.  These  references  are 
dated  2  and  7  July,  1711,  H.  C.  S. 

Particulars  of  some  of  Gibbons's  carving 
will  be  found  in  '  London  Churches,  Ancient 
and  Modern,'  by  T.  Francis  Bumpus,  pub- 
lished by  Mr.  Werner  Laurie.  The  best 
specimens  of  his  art  are  the  foliage  in  Windsor 
Chapel  ;  the  stalls  in  the  choir  of  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral  ;  the  font  of  St.  James's  Church, 
Piccadilly  ;  the  carving  about  the  altar- 
piece  at*St.  Mary  Abchurch,  and  the  orna- 
ments of  Petworth  House. 

Gibbons  for  some  time  lived  in  Belle 
Sauvage  Court  on  Ludgate  Hill. 

L.  H.  CHAMBEBS. 

Am  er  sham. 

DANIEL  HOBRY  (11  S.  iv.  89)  mentioned 
by  G.  F.  R.  B.  was  undoubtedly  a  descen- 
dant of  Daniel  Horry,  a  Huguenot  (French 
or  Swiss)  who  arrived  in  South  Carolina 
in  1692.  He  may  have  been  the  son  of 
Col.  Daniel  Horry,  who  in  the  American 
War  of  Independence  commanded  a  regi- 
ment of  dragoons  raised  in  1779,  and  who 
in  1780  or  1781  accepted  the  protection  of, 
and  declared  allegiance  to,  Great  Britain. 
Possibly  a  letter  addressed  to  the  Secretary 
of  the  South  Carolina  Historical  Society, 
Charleston,  South  Carolina,  might  bring 
more  detailed  information.  E.  H.  H. 

DEER-LEAPS  (11  S.  iv.  89). — Many  par- 
ticulars and  references  were  got  together 
at  10  S.  i.  85,  under  "  Purlieu  :  Bow-rake  : 
Buck-leap."  See  further  under  "  frebord" 
in  1  S.  v.,  and  "  freeboard "  in  '  N.E.D.' 
Consult  '  D.N.B.'  under  '  Manwood,'  and 
Dr.  Cox's  '  Royal  Forests,'  1905.  There  is 
a  section  on  "  deer-leaps  "  in  J.  E.  Harting's 
'  Recreations  of  a  Naturalist,'  1906,  pp.  63-73. 
The  entry  "  Purlue  "  in  '  Les  Termes  de  la 
Ley,'  1667,  p.  517,  may  be  noted.  Quarles 
describes  and  condemns  these  "  lawless 
purlieus,"  *  Emblems,'  iii.  9.  W.  C.  B. 


in  Sutton  Coldfield  in  a  paper  contributed 
to  the  Transactions  of  the  Birmingham 
Archaeological  Society,  by  Mr.  Egbert  de 
Hamel  of  Middleton  Hall,  in  the  volume  for 
1901.  HOWARD  S.  PEARSON. 

Windsor  Forest  was  bounded  on  the  south 
by  a  dike  too  deep  and  too  wide  for  deer  to 
leap.  At  the  end  of  Long  Down,  and  be- 
tween it  and  Edge  Barrow  in  the  parish  of 
Sandhurst,  Berks,  a  hart  is  said  to  have 
leaped  the  dike,  and  a  house  beside  it  is 
known  as  Hart's  Leap. 

J.  P.  STILWELL. 

THE  ROYAL  EXCHANGE  (US.  iii.  385). — 
The  City  Press  of  29  July  has  the  following  : 

"  Mr.  Deputy  Coates,  J.P.,  Chairman  of  the 
Gresham  Committee  (City  side),  desires  us  to  say 
that  the  question  of  removing  the  inverted 
commas  which  enclose  the  inscriptions  under- 
neath the  wall  pictures  in  the  Royal  Exchange 
is  receiving  attention.  He  says  the  Gresham 
Committee  are  glad  to  find  that  their  efforts  to- 
improve  the  interior  of  the  Royal  Exchange 
meet  with  public  approval." 

It  is  pleasant  to  note  that  so  much  care 
and  attention  to  detail  are  being  bestowed 
upon  the  frescoes,  &c.,  within  the  historic 
building,  with  a  corresponding  apprecia- 
tion of  its  treasures  on  the  part  of  the  public. 

CECIL  CLARKE. 
Junior  Athen?eum  Club. 

SAMPSON  FAMILY  or  YORKSHIRE  :  LORD 
DE  BLAQUIERE  (11  S.  iii.  349). — It  would 
be  interesting  to  have  particulars  of  that 
Lord  de  Blaquiere  who  is  stated  by  MR. 
H.  COLLETT  to  have  married  a  daughter 
of  the  Rev.  George  Sampson,  Rector  of 
Leven,  near  Hull.  B.  B. 

Manila. 

IRISH  SCHOOLBOYS  :  DESCRIPTIONS  or 
PARENTS  (11  S.  iv.  70). — Mensor  means 
either  architect  or  surveyor  ;  L.  T.  Duds 
means  Lieutenant  ;  Dux  Militum  means 
Captain  ;  Centurio  probably  means  Major  ; 
Juris  Consultus  means  barrister-at-law. 

JOHN  B.  WAINE WRIGHT. 

"  WIMPLE  "  (11  S.  i.  202,  498).— In  support 
of  MR.  BAYNE'S  interesting  note  on  this 
word  there  may  be  instanced  its  usage  in 
the  song  of  '  Kate  Dalrymple  '  : — 

Though  his  right  e'e  did  spellie,  and  his  right  leg 
did  wimple. 

The  meaning  is  obviously  "  to  bend "  or 
"  to  twist."  W..  B. 


If     MR.    FAIR-BANK    desires    information  !      MUMMY    USED     As     PAINT    BY    ARTISTS- 
with  regard  to  particular  instances  of  deer-    (US.  iv.  7,  56). — See  10  S..  ii..  188,  229. 
leaps,   he  will  find  something  about  those  j  DIEGO.. 


ii  s.  iv.  Atm.  12,  i9ii.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


0tt 


The    Veddas.     By   C.    G.    Seligmann,   M.D.,"  and 

B.     Z.     Seligmann.        (Cambridge     University 

Press.) 

THE  Veddas  of  Ceylon  have  long  been  a  by-  word 
as  the  most  backward  and  xmdeveloped  race  of 
mankind  now  surviving,  and  consequently  of 
especial  interest  to  anthropologists,  who  delight 
in  all  things  primitive.  As  they  are  steadily 
dwindling  in  numbers  and  becoming  gradually 
absorbed  by  the  neighbouring  tribes  of  Tamils 
and  Sinhalese,  no  time  was  to  be  lost  in  scien- 
tifically studying  their  peculiar  habits  and 
idiosyncrasies  'before  they  become  quite  extinct. 
It  seems,  too,  that  they  are  further  degenerating 
under  the  contaminating  influence  of  civilized 
visitors. 

Dr.  Seligniann  and  his  wife,  under  the  auspices 
of  the  Ceylon  Government,  have  had  particularly 
favourable  opportunities  of  becoming  acquainted 
with  the  intimate  life  of  the  shy  and  elusive 
remnants  of  this  moribund  people,  and  they  give 
us  the  results  of  their  researches  in  this  ample 
volume  of  nearly  500  pages,  copiously  illustrated 
by  photographic  reproductions.  Every  student 
of  mankind  will  welcome  it  as  a  valuable  record. 
It  is  a  suggestive  note  of  the  times  that  a  motor- 
car has  been  found  useful  in  penetrating  into  the 
haunts  of  these  rudest  of  Nature's  children. 

The  authors  hold  them  to  be  the  remains  of  a 
primaeval  Dravidian  tribe,  who  eventually  adopted 
the  Sinhalese,  i.e.  an  Aryan,  language  ;  and 
formed  on  the  whole  a  favourable  opinion  of  their 
character  which  has  been  much  maligned.  So 
far  from  the  Veddas  being  gloomy  and  morose 
their  visitors  found  them  to  be  a  light-hearted 
people,  who  love  to  dance  and  jest,  and  can  enjoy 
a  hearty  laugh  at  anything  that  strikes  them  as 
ludicrous.  Though  in  many  respects  they  may 
be  non-moral,  they  treat  their  women  as  equals 
and  are  remarkable  for  their  conjugal  fidelity. 
They  are  by  no  means  repulsively  ugly  ;  indeed, 
the  photographs  show  the  women  to  have  a  fair 
share  of  natural  beauty. 

As  to  the  religion  of  this  curious  people,  it  is 
a  very  confused  and  elementary  cult  of  yaku,  the 
spirits  of  the  dead,  or  nae  yaku,  the  community 
of  the  spirits  of  kinsfolk,  whom  they  invoke  as 
protective  guardians,  offering  them  food  in  order  to 
obtain  good  luck  in  hunting.  These  spirits  are 
believed  to  be  under  the  rule  of  Kande  Yaka,  the 
Hill  Spirit,  who  is  Lord  of  the  dead.  A  superior 
deity,  however,  is  the  Kataragam  god,  an  unde- 
fined being  of  whom  little  is  known.  Their 
religious  rites  show  a  complete  indifference  to  the 
sun  and  the  moon  ;  for  only  two  of  the  stars 
have  they  even  found  a  name  ;  they  take  no 
cognizance,  either,  of  the  mysteries  of  generation, 
which  have  exercised  a  potent  influence  over 
most  rude  tribes.  It  is  equally  strange  to  hear 
that  they  have  very  few  magical  practices  and 
scarcely  any  traditional  legends.  Such  super- 
stitions and  rites  as  they  have  are  signally  devoid 
of  interest,  and  will  certainly  disappoint  the  com- 
parative folk-lorist. 

The  vocabulary  which  is  given  of  their  language 
is  so  imperfect  that  it  would  lead  one  to  think 
that  they  had  no  words  for  father  and  mother, 
though  appa  and  alia  are  given  as  such  in  the 


body  of  the  work  ;  and  ammi,  the  word  for  child,, 
is  similarly  omitted.  It  should  have  been  noted 
that  bota-damana,  literally  "  body-repose,"  the 
word  for  dying  (p.  433),  is  only  the  word  for 
sleep  (p.  446)  metaphorically  applied,  as  is  sa 
common. 

IN  The  National  Review  '  Episodes  of  the  Month  * 
include  the  text  of  the  Parliament  Bill,  as  it 
left  the  House  of  Commons  and  as  amended  by  the- 
Lords,  and  a  good  deal  of  the  usual  strong  com- 
ment concerning  the  situation.  The  Stalwarts, 
otherwise  known  as  the  "  Last-Ditchers,"  have,, 
it  is  said,  "  rendered  conspicuous  service  to  the 
State,  in  the  face  of  the  whole  posse  comitatus 
of  Poozledom  and  Boozledom  who  were  mobilized 
as  one  man  to  trip  them  up."  Mr.  Balfour's. 
leadership  is  regarded  as  a  "  continuing  catas- 
trophe "  to  his  party.  Mr.  W.  Morton  Fullerton 
writes  vividly  on  '  The  Unrest  in  Prance,'  but  we 
doubt  the  wisdom  of  some  of  his  remedies  for  it- 
'  A  Fielding  "  Find,"  '  by  Mr.  Austin  Dobson,. 
is  full  of  the  writer's  expert  knowledge  conveyed 
with  the  ease  and  grace  of  his  practised  pen.  The- 
"  find  "  consists  of  two  of  the  novelist's  "  latest, 
if  not  his  last  letters."  They  are  addressed  to  his- 
brother  Jack,  and  the  more  noteworthy  because 
very  little  of  his  correspondence  has  been  preserved. 
They  add  details  to  the  '  Journal '  of  the  voyage  to 
Lisbon,  and  are  for  a  sick  man  full  of  hope  and 
spirits.  In  '  African  Big-game  Shooting  for 
Women  '  Mary  Bridson  gives  some  useful  hints 
of  the  dress,  equipment,  &c.,  required.  "  A 
Public  Schoolboy  "  replies  to  the  critics  who  have 
discussed  his  article  of  last  October  on  '  The 
Public  Schools.'  We  think  that  there  is  a  good 
deal  to  be  said  for  his  views,  and  that  the  whole 
discussion  has  been  of  value.  We  always  read 
Mr.  A.  Maurice  Low  on  '  American  Affairs  '  with 
pleasure.  This  month  he  deals  with  American 
views  of  the  British  Empire  and  the  recovery 
from  depression  of  Mr.  Taft's  fortunes.  His 
renomination  is  now  regarded  as  likely. 

The  Burlington  Magazine  opens  with  an  editorial 
article  on  '  London  and  the  Fine  Arts,  1911.' 
Stirring  events  have  not,  it  is  considered,  produced 
"  creditable  or  satisfactory  effort."  The  National 
Memorial  to  Queen  Victoria  is  not  great  art,  and 
the  choice  of  Mr.  Bertram  McKennal  is  not  com- 
mended by  the  new  coinage,  the  Coronation 
medals,  and  the  new  postage  stamps.  Finally,, 
the  work  of  the  few  who  attempted  decoration 
worthy  of  the  name  for  the  Coronation  was 
"  submerged  beneath  a  flood  of  inept  and  ridicu- 
lous philistinism."  We  are  glad  to  have  these 
outspoken  views  from  a  body  of  artists  who  are 
untainted  by  the  prevalent  commercial  ideas, 
and  anxious  only  to  evoke  a  "  genuine  national 
spirit  "  which  will  raise  this  country  a  little  above 
a  "  nation  of  shopkeepers."  At  present  The 
Burlington  is  almost  "  vox  clamantis  in  deserto." 

Mr.  F.  Schmidt- Degener  has  '  Notes  on  Some 
Fifteenth-Century  Silver-points,'  with  illustra- 
tions which  show  them  to  be  pleasing  works 
of  art  not  merely  commended  by  age.  Something, 
perhaps,  of  this  glamour  of  the  past  clings  to 
'  A  Newly  Discovered  Statue  of  the  Virgin,' 
described  by  Mr.  F.  Lees.  It  belonged  to  the 
Seminary  of  Meaux,  and  is  considered  as  some  of 
the  finest  work  of  the  sort  of  the  end  of  the  four- 
teenth centurv.  '  Notes  on  the  Collections. 


140 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       m  s.  iv.  AUG.  12, 1911. 


formed  by  Thomas  Howard,  Earl  of  Arundcl,'  is 
-a  piece  of  careful  work  by  Mr.  Lionel  Oust,  who 
•also  shows  that  a  supposed  portrait  of  Louise  La 
Valliere  at  Windsor  Castle  is  in  reality  a  portrait 
of  Elizabeth,  Duchess  of  Orleans,  granddaughter 
of  Elizabeth  of  Bohemia. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — AUGUST. 

MR.  BERTRAM  DOBELL'S  first  Catalogue  of  Auto- 
graphs comprises  manuscripts  of  literary  interest, 
together  with  a  large  collection  of  autograph 
letters.  In  it  will  be  found  unpublished  poems 
•of  Dr.  Joseph  Beaumont,  author  of  '  Psyche  '  ; 
•a  play  of  Dryden's  with  corrections  in  the  author's 
hand  ;  unpublished  plays  by  Leigh  Hunt  ;  and 
a  large  collection  of  unpublished  Scots  poems. 
Under  Joanna  Baillie  are  about  110  letters  to 
Miss  Holford,  afterwards  Mrs.  Hodson  ;  also  about 
50  from  Miss  Bowdler  to  Miss  Holford,  16Z.  16s. 
The  Beaumont  poems  are  in  a  4to  volume  bound 
in  calf,  1643-52,  45Z.  .Among  the  autograph 
letters  we  note  one  in  which  Canon  Ainger  writes  : 
"  Though  I  read  Browning  I  don't  understand 
him."  There  are  letters  of  Dickens  and  Emerson. 
Edward  Freeman  writes:  "I  knew  Hannah 
More  very  well  when  I  was  a  little  boy,  before 
1829 — I  never  saw  her  after  that.  She  petted  me 
as  she  petted  Macaulay  twenty-two  years  earlier. 
But  I  never,  like  him,  offered  her  a  glass  of 
•old  spirits."  Froude  writes  :  "  I  have  not  the 
slightest  doubt  that  the  poor  woman  [Amy  Rob- 
sart]  was  murdered,  not  perhaps  with  Leicester's 
knowledge,  but  by  officious  friends  who  wished 
to  open  the  road  to  his  promotion."  Thomas 
Hood  writes  to  his  wife  as  "  My  own  dearest  and 
best  "  ;  and  Ernest  Jones  to  Jerdan,  asking  him 
to  speak  on  his  behalf  to  the  editor  of  The  Court 
Journal,  to  which  paper,  under  the  signature  of 
"  Karl,"  "  The  Student,"  &c.,  he  had  been  a  con- 
tributor for  some  years.  Among  Lander's  is 
•one  to  "  Dear  Mrs.  Brough  "  :  "  Never  talk  of 
dismal  weather — no  such  can  exist  in  any  house 
where  you  happen  to  be."  In  another  Landor 
writes  that  he  is  "  deeply  grieved  to  see  my  old 
friend  The  Examiner  become  the  camp  follower 
of  The  Times  in  the  attack  on  Kossuth."  Glad- 
stone, Palmerston,  Bright,  Hallam,  Mrs.  Fitz- 
herbert,  Hartley  Coleridge,  George  Crabbe,  and 
Douglas  Jerrold  are  also  represented  in  the 
Catalogue. 

Mr.  George  Gregory's  Bath  Catalogue  205-6 
contains  a  fine  example  of  the  Plantin  Press  under 
Chifletius  (The  Brothers), '  Miscellanea  Chifletiana,' 
7  vols.,  small  4to,  calf,  illustrated  throughout  with 
beautiful  copper-plate  engravings,  6Z.  6s.  Among 
many  cheap  items  are  Cowper,  edited  by  Grim- 
shawe,  8  vols.  ;  D' Israeli's  '  Curiosities  of  Lite- 
rature,' 6  vols.,  half-calf  ;  Madame  D'Arblay's 
'  Diary,'  4  vols.  ;  and  Miss  Ferrier's  '  The  In- 
heritance,' second  edition.  Other  works  are 
'  Histoire  des  Papes,'  45  steel  plates,  10  vols., 
royal  8vo,  1842-4,  21.  10s.  ;  Pote's  '  Windsor 
Castle,'  4to,  calf,  1749,  21.  2s.  ;  the  Oxford  fac- 
simile of  the  First  Folio,  No.  736  (limited  to  1,000), 
81.  ;  and  Sowerby's  '  Botany,'  27  vols.,  half- 
calf,  1790-1808,  10Z.  There  are  magazines, 
reviews,  and  Transactions,  besides  a  number  of 
Camden  Society  publications.  Works  under 
Medical  and  Surgical  include  Allbutt's  '  System,' 
329  illustrations,  30  charts,  and  17  coloured  plates, 


8  vols.,  1896-9,  11.  15s.  ;  and  Power  and  Sidg- 
wick's  '  New  Sydenham  Society's  Lexicon,'  5  vols., 
4to,  half-morocco,  1881-99,  11.  Is.  There  are 
illustrated  books  of  the  sixties,  and  a  number  of 
colour-books.  Among  Recent  Purchases  are  the 
first  edition  of  Bacon's  '  Advancement  of  Learn- 
ing,' 1640,  51.  5s.  ;  Britton  and  Brayley's 
'  Beauties  of  England  and  Wales,'  25  vols.,  half- 
calf,  1801,  21.  10s.  ;  and  another  set,  including 
Introduction,  26  vols.,  half-russia,  1801-23,  31. 

Messrs.  James  Rimell  &  Son's  Catalogue  226  is 
devoted  to  Engravings  of  the  English  School. 
Among  those  after  L.  F.  Abbott  is  '  W7illiam 
Innes,  walking,  carrying  Golf  Club,  with  Attend- 
ant,' a  fine  coloured  mezzotint  by  V.  Green, 
1790, 311. 10s.  Under  Aikman  is  « John  Gay,'  oval 
mezzotint  by  Kyte,  Ql.  Under  Alken  is  '  A 
Bath  Coach  in  a  Heavy  Rainstorm,'  coloured 
aquatint  by  Hunt,  circa  1820,  HZ.  There  are 
some  Bartolozzis.  A  portrait  of  Nelson  after 
Beechey,  1806,  a  mezzotint  by  Bell,  1806,  is 
Ql.  9s.  There  are  several  after  Bunbury  and 
Cipriani.  After  Constable  are  a  pair  of  fine 
mezzotints  by  Lucas,  1834,  25Z.  After  Dodd 
are  two  of  the  battle  of  the  Nile,  and  four  plates 
of  the  hurricane  that  destroyed  Graves' s  squadron 
onl6  September,  1782 .  Those  after  Gainsborough 
include  Garrick  and  George  IV.  when  Prince  of 
Wales  ;  and  those  after  Hogarth,  Lady  Byron, 
great-grandmother  of  the  poet.  There  are  many 
after  Hoppner.  Romneys  include  Burke,  mezzo- 
tint by  Jones  in  square  frame,  rare,  50Z.  ;  and  a 
gortrait  of  Mrs.  Jordan  in  the  character  of  the 
ountry  Girl,  stipple  by  Ogborne,  Boydell,  1788, 
16Z.  16s.  Books  of  engravings  include  Barto- 
lozzi,  by  Tuer  ;  Blake's  Works  ;  Burne- Jones, 
91  fine  photogravure  plates,  reproduced  from 
the  original  pictures  by  the  Berlin  Photographic 
Company,  29Z.  (limited  to  200  copies  at  105Z. 
each)  ;  Descriptive  Catalogue  of  the  Works  of 
Cruikshank  from  the  Truman  Collection,  42 Z.  ; 
and  Hogarth,  from  the  original  plates,  Baldwin 
&  Craddock,  1822,  imperial  folio,  half-morocco, 
a  little  rubbed,  7Z.  7s.  At  the  end  of  the  Catalogue 
is  an  Alphabetical  List  of  Portraits. 

[Notices  of  other  Catalogues  held  over.] 


10  <tt0msp0ntottts. 


We  must  call  special  attention  to  the  following 
notices  :  — 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
communications  which,  for  any  reason,  we  do  not 
print,  and  to  this  rule  we  can  make  no  exception. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addres&ed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries  '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub- 
lishers "  —  at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.C. 

BAFFLED  ("  Two  men  look  out  through  the  same 
bars").—  By  the  Rev.  F.  Langbridge.  See  10  P. 
xi.  14. 

M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR  ("  Mortimer  Collins  ").  — 
See  '  Mortimer  Collins,  his  Letters  and  Friend- 
ships, with  some  Account  of  his  Life,'  edited  by 
Frances  Collins  ;  or  the  notice  of  him  in  the 
*  D.N.B.' 


ii  s.  iv.  A™.  19,  UNI.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


141 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  AUGUST  10,  1911. 


CONTENTS.— No.  86. 

NOTES  :  —  William  Makepeace  Thackeray,  141  —  Wyre 
Forest  Old  Sorb  or  Whitty  Pear  Tree,  145 -Sir  William 
Wallace's  Welsh  Descent— Shakespeares  in  the  Eigh- 
teenth Century— '  Pickwick ':  Eatanswill  Newspapers, 
146— The  Lightning's  Victim— Viper  and  Cow  Folk-lore,  147. 

OUERIES  :— St.  Clement  the  Pope  and  Wyremongers  - 
George  III.  and  the  Dragon :  M.  C.  Wyatt-Lecky  and 
Morals  in  'Pall  Mall  Budget,'  147— James  I.  on  Doctors 
—Johnson  and  Tobacco— Charles  Corbett,  Bookseller— 
"Paris  Illustre" '—Wellington's  Peninsular  Campaign- 
Washington  Irving's  '  Sketch-Book '  —  Deeds  and  Ab- 
stracts of  Title,  148— Matthew  Arnold's  French  Quotation 
—'Thespian  Telegraph '— H.  B.  Abbott-O.  Affleck- J. 
Heathfield— French  Coin— W.  Stephens  Hayward— Grand 
Gharri  Tephlia,  149  — 'Young  Son  of  Chivalry'— G. 
Edwards :  Drawings  of  Birds  —  De  Jersey  Family  — 
Buckeridge  Book-plate  —  Ludlow  Castle -"Kidkok"— 
J.  Glen  of  Demerara,  150-Sir  G.  Sitwell,  151. 

REPLIES:— Cowper  on  Langford,  151  — Gaily  Knight: 
"  Ipecacuanha  "— Emerson,  Heine,  and  Franklin  in 
England  —  Burning  of  Moscow  —  Long  Barrows  and 
Rectangular  Earthworks,  152— "Tumble-Down  Dick"— 
Dr.  Johnson  in  Scotland  —  Dickens  and  Thackeray : 
Mantalini,  153—"  Tout  comprendre  "— Grinling  Gibbons— 
S.  Horsley— J.  Hook— T.  Hooker— W.  Hughes— Vatican 
Frescoes  — '  Church  Historians  of  England '  —  "  Bonny 
Earl  o'  Moray,"  154  —  Yews  in  Churchyards  —  "  Fives 
Court":  Tennis  Court — "J'y  suis,  j'y  reste,"  155  — 
Washington  Irvinjs's  '  Sketch- Book  '—Twins  and  Second 
Sight— Siege  of  Derry— Deer-leaps— St.  Hugh  and  "The 
Holy  Nut "  —  Campbell's  '  Napoleon  and  the  English 
Sailor,'  156— "  Wait  and  see  "—Military  Executions  — 
41  Blue  fish."  157— "Make  a  long  arm"  —  The  Three 
Heavens— Bullyvant— Bibles  with  Curious  Readings- 
Gee  Surname  —  '  La  Carmagnole  '  —  '  Pickwick ' :  Miss 
Bolo-  "  But  "="  Without "-"  Nib  "-St.  Sabinus,  158. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :— 'The  Oxford  English  Dictionary.' 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 


WILLIAM  MAKEPEACE  THACKERAY, 
JULY  18TH,  1811-DECEMBER  24TH,  1863. 

(Conclusion.} 
(See  ante,  pp.  21,  61,  -101.) 

As  we  celebrate  the  Thackeray  Centenary 
we  are  filled  with  surprise  that  it  was  so 
long  before  Thackeray  was  recognized  by  the 
general  reader.  His  connexion  with  Fraser 
brought  to  him  but  very  limited  fame, 
although  that  great  favourite  of  the  critics, 
*  Barry  Lyndon,'  appeared  as  a  serial  in  its 
pages  during  1844  and  he  had  previously 
dedicated  the  '  Irish  Sketch-Book  '  to  his 
friend  "  Dr.  Charles  Lever."  He  had 
41  found  Punch,"  and  was  "  pouring  into  its 
pages  ballads,  songs,  burlesques,  lectures  on 
English  history,  stories,  short  pungent  notes 
on  the  events  of  the  day  ;  notes  of  travel  ; 
papers  humorous,  witty,  wise,  pathetic  ; 
parodies  absolutely  incomparable  of  the 
works  of  other  novelists." 


Notwithstanding  all  this,  we  find  Thacke- 
ray writing  to  his  cousin  Bedingfield:  "I 
can't  hit  the  public  !  "  In  '  The  Great 
Hoggarty  Diamond '  Thackeray  invented 
the  name  of  Michael  Angelo  Titmarsh. 
Samuel  Titmarsh  was  the  writer,  whereas 
Michael  Angelo  was  an  intending  illustrator. 
Anthony  Trollope  suggests  that  "  There 
was  probably  some  association,  intended  to 
be  jocose,  with  the  name  of  the  great  artist 
whose  nose  was  broken  by  his  fellow- 
student  Torrigiano,  and  who,  as  it  hap- 
pened, died  exactly  three  centuries  before 
Thackeray."  The  tale  had  gone  begging. 
Sir  F.  T.  Marzials  relates  how  it  had  been 
refused  by  Blackwood,  and  when  it  was 
finally  accepted  by  Fraser,  the  editor  wished 
it  to  be  curtailed. 

So  obscure  was  Thackeray  at  this  time  that 
in  the  same  year  1845  Macvey  Napier,  on 
the  12th  of  April,  was  writing  to  Hayward  to 
ask  if  he  knows  anything  of 
"  a  Mr.  Thackeray,  about  whom  Longman  has 
written  me,  thinking  he  would  be  a  good  hand 
for  light  articles.  He  says  (Longman)  that 
this  Mr.  Thackeray  is  one  of  the  best  writers  in 
Punch.  One  requires  to  be  very  much  on  one's 
guard  in  engaging  with  mere  strangers.  In  a  jour- 
nal like  the  '  Edinbro  '  it  is  always  of  importance 
to  keep  up  in  respect  of  names." 

Thackeray  became  a  contributor,  but  had 
to  lament  the  use  of  Hay  ward's  "  amputating 
knife."  "  O  to  think  of  my  pet  passages 
gone  for  ever  !  "  The  letter  of  Napier's 
is  the  more  astonishing  as  two  years  after 
this  (in  January,  1847)  Messrs.  Bradbury  & 
Evans  published  the  first  number  of  '  Vanity 
Fair.'  It  was  slow  in  making  its  way,  but 
on  the  21st  of  December  of  the  same  year 
the  second  edition  of  '  Jane  Eyre  '  appeared. 
Charlotte  Bronte,  as  is  well  known,  dedi- 
cated this  to  Thackeray,  and  in  a  preface 
which  she  added  she  refers  to  the  author  of 
'  Vanity  Fair '  as  having  "  an  intellect 
profounder  and  more  unique  than  his 
contemporaries  have  yet  recognized,"  and 
as  being  "  the  first  social  regenerator  of 
the  day."  As  regards  those  who  had  said 
that  he  was  "  like  Fielding,"  she  wrote 
bitterly :  "  He  resembles  Fielding  as  an 
eagle  does  a  vulture  :  Fielding  could  stoop 
in  carrion,  Thackeray  never  does."  Sir 
F.  T.  Marzials  says  that  in  this  Charlotte 
Bronte  "did  yeoman's  service  "  ;  and  when 
in  addition  The  Edinburgh  in  January,  1848, 
gave  a  sketch  of  Thackeray  and  praised 
the  work  as  far  as  it  had  then  been  published, 
the  success  of  '  Vanity  Fair  '  was  secured. 

But  although  from  this  time  Thackeray 
was  at  last  recognized  as  a  prophet  in 
Israel,  he  always  took  a  depressed  view  of 


142 


NOTES  AND  Q  UERIES.        m  s.  iv.  AUG.  19, 1911. 


the  sale  of  his  works,  and  in  this  regard  he 
wore  "  his  heart  on  his  sleeve,"  and  certainly 
talked  to  others  of  it  in  a  way  never  done, 
before  or  since,  by  any  author  of  his  position. 
He  was  candour  itself.  "  Have  you  seen 
the  abuse  of  my  last  number  ?  What  am 
I  to  turn  my  hand  to  ?  They  are  getting 
tired  of  my  novels."  To  Trollope  he  said 
of  'Esmond'  "They  don't  read  it."  "So 
you  don't  mean  to  publish  my  work  ?  " 
he  said  once,  as  Trollope  relates,  "to  a 
publisher  in  an  open  company."  All  this 
shows  a  different  Thackeray  from  what 
the  outside  world  supposed  him  to  be — 
sad  and  depressed  because  of  the  slow  sale 
of  his  books  as  compared  with  those  of 
Dickens. 

We  wonder  now  that  Thackeray  should 
have  looked  upon  Dickens  as  a  rival, 
and  not  have  perceived  from  what  a  totally 
different  standpoint  his  own  works  must  be 
regarded.  The  subjects  chosen  by  Dickens 
were  those  sure  to  secure  a  large  sale.  The 
cruelties  perpetrated  on  workhouse  ap- 
prentices, the  bad  administration  of  the 
Poor  Laws,  the  delays  in  the  Court  of 
Chancery,  cruelties  in  boys'  schools,  the 
clerks  at  Somerset  House,  well  described  as 
the  Circumlocution  Office — such  topics  at 
once  commanded  attention,  and  the  stories 
in  which  they  were  related  contributed  in 
a  considerable  measure  to  many  reforms  ; 
but,  although  sales  were  large,  they  did  not 
reach  their  zenith  until  Dickens  gave  his 
last  course  of  readings  at  St.  James's  Hall. 

These,  while  they  added  to  his  fame, 
hastened  the  end.  I  shall  never  forget 
the  Bill  Sikes  and  Kancy  scenes,  so  graphic 
and  yet  so  terrible.  One  felt  sure  that 
mischief  must  result  from  the  great  passion 
he  threw  into  them.  The  effect  was  painfu] 
to  me.  Much  more  enjoyable  was  his 
reading  of  '  The  Christmas  Carol  '  at  St 
Martin's  Hall  on  Christmas  Eve,  1858 
I  seem  to  hear  the  boy's  cry  of  "  Walker  !  ' 
even  after  all  these  years,  when  Scrooge 
told  him  to  buy  the  turkey.  I  still  have 
the  copy  of  the  '  Carol '  given  to  my  father 
by  Dickens.  Of  the  '  Carol '  Thackeray 
exclaimed  :  "  Who  can  listen  to  objections 
regarding  such  a  book  as  this  ?  It  seems  t( 
me  a  national  benefit,  and  to  every  mar 
who  reads  it  a  personal  kindness." 

I  have  endeavoured  to  get  some  statistic 
as  to  the  relative  sales  of  the  works  of  the 
two  novelists,  but,  owing  to  the  large  sale; 
of    many    of     those    of     which     the    copy 


ght  has  expired,  I  find  this  to  be  impossible 
he  sale  of  the  first  number  of  The  Cornhil 
was  considerably  over  200,000,  and,  althoug] 


his  large  number  cannot  be  altogether 
ittributable  to  the  fact  that  Thackeray  was 
he  editor,  yet  to  a  considerable  extent  it  was 
ue  to  that.  I  am  informed  that  the  sale  of 
Vanity  Fair '  in  the  "  Pocket  Edition " 
ms  exceeded  50,000 ;  the  "  Edition  de 
..uxe,"  limited  to  a  thousand  copies,  is 
irtually  sold  out ;  and,  besides  these,  since 
he  "  Library  Edition  "  of  1867-9  there  have 
een  five  collected  editions,  so  there  is  no- 
ear  of  any  diminution  of  Thackeray's 
opularity. 

Although  Trollope  wrote  that  "in  no  dis- 

>lay   of   mental   force   did   Thackeray   rise 

above    '.Barry    Lyndon,'"    and    that    *  Es- 

nond,'  which  is  a  general  favourite  with  the 

ritics,  is  "  the  greatest  work  that  Thackeray 

Lid,"  the  two  most  sought  for  are  '  Vanity 

?air '    and    '  The    Newcomes,'    tho  former 

aking  the  lead.     Thackeray  is  so  much  in  the 

labit  of  reintroducing  his   characters  that 

o  enjoy  him  thoroughly  he  should  be  read, 

not  in  the  order  in  which  his  works  were 

published,  but  following  the  periods  to  which 

hey  relate.     More  particularly  should  this 

}lan    be    adopted    with    '  Esmond '    (1678- 

1718)  ;     '  The  Virginians,'   which  is  a  con- 

inuation  ;  '  Pendennis  '  (1811-38)  ;  '  Vanity 

Fair'   (1814-30);     '  The  Newcomes  '   (1833- 

1845)  ;    *  A  Shabby  Genteel  Story  '  (1836)  ; 

and  '  Philip  '  (1833-55). 

As  regards  The  Cornhill,  Thackeray  had 
not  the  making  of  a  good  editor,  although 
bis  great  name  gave  it  a  splendid  start  ;  he 
was  not  sufficiently  systematic,  besides  which 
his  kind  heart  caused  him  pain  when  he 
had  to  reject  contributions.  The  "  thorns 
in  the  cushion  were  too  much  for  him  "  ; 
his  health  broke  down,  and,  following  the 
advice  of  his  physician,  he  resigned. 

Dickens  was  much  like  him  in  this  respect, 
for  although  he  conducted  his  own  maga- 
zine— first  Household  Words,  then  All  the 
Year  Round — he  handed  the  work  of  the 
consideration  of  MSS.  to  his  faithful  helper 
W.  H.  Wills,  who  was  ever  kind  and  courteous 
to  those  whose  manuscript  had  to  be  re- 
turned. I  still  preserve  a  letter  of  his 
written  to  me  in  such  circumstances,  so 
full  of  kindly  advice  that  it  is  always  a 
pleasure  to  me  to  read  it.  He  was  regarded 
with  affection  by  every  one  who  had  to  do 
with  All  the  Year  Pound.  Mrs.  Lynn 
Lin  ton,  a  constant  contributor,  looked  upon 
Wills  as  "  one  of  her  dearest  friends "  ; 
but  Dickens,  like  Thackeray,  when  alone 
failed  as  an  editor.  His  editorship  of  The 
Daily  News  must  have  been  one  of  the^ 
shortest  in  the  history  of  English  journalism 
— nineteen  days,  when  he  resigned,  "tired 


n  s.  iv.  AUG.  19,  i9ii..]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


143 


to  death,  and  quite  worn  out."  However, 
lie  had  the  satisfaction  of  seeing  the  social 
reforms  he  had  always  advocated  become 
one  of  the  chief  features  of  the  new  paper. 

The  truth  is  that,  like  most  novelists,  the 
great  pair  lacked  business  methods  ;  they 
lived  with  the  people  whose  lives  they  were 
depicting — Thackeray  so  entirely  that  we 
find  him  crying  like  a  child  over  the  death 
of  Col.  Newcome.  Like  Dickens,  he  left 
his  last  work,  '  Denis  Duval,'  unfinished. 
Strangely  enough  in  the  case  of  Dickens,  the 
author  had  a  presentiment  that  he  would 
not  live  to  complete  'Edwin  Drood,'  and 
most  thoughtfully  insisted  that  those  who 
were  interested  in  its  publication  should  be 
suitably  compensated  should  the  work  not 
reach  its  conclusion.  The  sale  of  this  in 
parts  exceeded  that  of  any  of  his  previous 
works  in  that  form,  the  first  number  exceed- 
ing forty  thousand. 

There  is  one  feature  in  Thackeray's  works 
not  to  be  found  in  those  of  Dickens  :  that 
is,  his  love  of  music.  Dickens  was 
so  tortured  with  the  plague  of  itinerant 
musicians,  which  "  flung  him  into  fevers  of 
irritation,"  that  he  appears  to  have  had  but 
little  taste  for  music.  Thackeray,  on  the 
contrary,  has  many  beautiful  references. 
One  never  thinks  of  '  Philip  '  without 
being  reminded  of  Miss  Charlotte  playing 
Beethoven's  *  Dream  of  St.  Jerome,'  "  which 
always  soothes  me  and  charms  me,  so  that 
I  fancy  it  is  a  poem  of  Tennyson  in  music .... 
and  the  music  with  its  solemn  cheer  makes 
us  all  very  happy  and  kind-hearted,  and 
ennobles  us  somehow  as  we  listen."  Thacke- 
ray, however,  did  not  content  himself  with 
lofty  thoughts  :  how  many  instances  are 
recorded  of  his  kindness  of  heart  !  At  the 
sale  of  the  treasures  of  Gore  House,  where 
Lady  Blessington  had  brilliantly  entertained, 
the  only  person  affected  among  the  crowd 
of  those  who  had  been  guests  was  the  author 
of  '  Vanity  Fair  ' :  "  M.  Thackeray  est  venu 
aussi,"  wrote  to  his  mistress  the  French 
valet  of  the  Countess,  "  et  avait  les  larmes 
aux  yeux  en  partant.  C'est  peut-etre  la 
seule  personne  que  j'aie  vu  reellement 
affectee  a  votre  depart." 

I  should  like  to  say  one  more  word  as  to 
the  impossibility  of  Lord  Lansdowne  being 
intended  by  Thackeray  for  the  Marquis 
of  Steyne.  In  addition  to  the  respect  and 
admiration  with  which,  as  Lady  Ritchie 
remembers,  her  father  regarded  him,  he  was 
so  regarded  by  all  men  of  letters,  for  he 
gave  to  them  companionship  and  sympathy, 
and  letters  were  the  charm  of  his  life.  If 
help  was  needed,  it  was  freely  given.  Well 


do  I  remember  his  liking  very  much  a  poemt 
which  appeared  in  The  Athenceum,  and 
when,  on  inquiry,  he  found  the  author  to  be 
in  poor  circumstances,  he  at  once  sent  a 
very  handsome  cheque.  The  Athenaeum  in 
its  obituary  notice  of  him,  which  appeared 
on  the  7th  of  February,  1863,  speaks  of 
"  the  great  loss  to  literature  "  and  of  the 
"  harvest  of  affection  which  grew  to  the 
very  last  about  the  kindly  old  gentleman." 

Of  all  Thackeray's  writings,  none  charms 
me  more  than  that  Roundabout  Paper  on 
Hood,  for  in  those  few  pages  we  get  a  glimpse 
o'f  the  true  Thackeray.  There  is  nothing 
of  the  cynic  as  he  tells  us  of  the  kind  Peel 
standing  by  the  bedside  of  the  dying  Hood,. 
"  speaking  noble  words  of  respect  and  sym- 
pathy, and  soothing  the  last  throbs  of  the 
tender,  honest  heart" — Hood  dying  "in 
dearest  love  and  peace  with  his  children, 
wife,  friends ;  to  the  former  especially  his- 
whole  life  had  been  devoted,  and  every  day 
showed  his  fidelity,  sympathy,  and  affection";: 
while  "  the  poor  anxious  wife  fondled  the 
hand  which  has  been  shaken  by  so  many 
illustrious  men."  Then  Thackeray  asks  : — 

"  What  ought  to  be  a  literary  man's  point  of 
honour  nowadays  ?  What  legacy  should  he 
leave  his  children  ?  First  of  all  (and  by  Heaven's 
gracious  help)  you  would  pray  and  strive  to  give 
them  such  an  endowment  of  love,  as  should  last 
certainly  for  all  their  lives,  and  perhaps  be  trans- 
mitted to  their  children.  You  would  (by  the  same 
aid  and  blessing)  keep  your  honour  pure,  and 
transmit  a  name  unstained  to  those  who  have 
a  right  to  bear  it.  You  would, — though  the 
faculty  of  giving  is  one  of  the  easiest  of  the 
literary  man's  qualities — you  would,  out  of  your 
earnings,  small  or  great,  be  able  to  help  a  poor 
brother  in  need,  to  dress  his  wounds,  and,  if  it 
were  but  twopence,  to  give  him  succour." 

That  Thackeray  practised  what  he 
preached  we  know.  A  beautiful  instance 
of  this  is  related  by  Trollope.  Trollope 
heard  of  a  man  who  was  the  dear  friend  of 
both  requiring  a  large  sum  of  money  in- 
stantly— something  under  two  thousand 
pounds.  He  had  not  friends  who  could 
naturally  provide  it,  but  must  go  utterly 
to  the  wall  without  it.  Pondering  over  this 
sad  condition  of  things,  Trollope  mot 
Thackeray  by  the  Horse  Guards,  and  told 
him  the  story. 

"  '  Do  you  mean  to  say  that  I  am  to  find  two 
thousand  pounds  ?  '  he  said,  angrily,  with  some 
expletives.  I  explained  that  I  had  not  even 
suggested  the  doing  of  anything,  only  that  we 
might  discuss  the  matter.  Then  there  came  over 
his  face  a  peculiar  smile,  and  a  wink  in  his  eye,, 
and  he  whispered  his  suggestion,  as  though  half 
ashamed  of  his  meanness.  '  I'll  go  half,'  he  said, 
'  if  anybody  will  do  the  rest.'  And,"  continues 
Trollope,  "he  did  go  half,  at  a  day  or  two's 
notice,  though  the  gentleman  was  no  more  thanu 


144 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [n  s.  iv.  AUG.  19, 1011. 


a  simple  friend.     I  am  glad  to  be  able  to  add  tha 
the  money  was  quickly  repaid." 

Trollope  adds  :    "I  could  tell  various  stories 
of  the  same  kind." 

The  prose  works  of  Thackeray  take  sue! 
prominence  that  one  is  apt  to  forget  that 
he  was  also  a  poet.  Mr.  Herman  Merivale 
wrote  in  1891  that  there  are  poems  of  his 
that  "  are  household  words  with  half  the 
world."  One  doubts  as  to  this  being  the 
•case  at  the  present  time  ;  but  let  us  hope  for 
-a  revival.  In  Theodore  Martin's  '  Life  of 
the  Prince  Consort '  it  is  recorded  that  the 
Prince  preserved  among  his  private  records 
of  the  Great  Exhibition  Thackeray's  'May 
Day  Ode  '  which  appeared  in  The  Times  : — 

As  though  'twere  by  a  wizard's  rod, 
A  blazing  arch  of  lucid  glass 

Leaps  like  a  fountain  from  the  grass 
To  meet  the  sun  ! 

No  notes  about  Thackeray  would  be  com- 
plete without  a  reference  to  "The  G.,"  as  he 
affectionately  called  the  Garrick,  which  he 
joined  in  1833,  not  two  years  after  its  estab- 
lishment, when  he  was  only  twenty- two.  I 
have  Percy  Fitzgerald's  history  of  the  Club, 
presented  to  me  "  with  affectionate  regards. 
Joseph  Knight,  Garrick  Club,  14th  Decem- 
ber, 1901."  Facing  the  frontispiece  is 
'Sir  John  Gilbert's  portrait  of  Thackeray 
belonging  to  the  Club.  In  addition  to  this, 
his  bust,  given  to  the  Club  by  Durham, 
stands  at  the  top  of  the  stair.  There  is  also 
in  the  dining-room  a  statuette  by  Boehm,  in 
which  the  novelist  is  represented  in  a  familiar 
attitude — his  hands  in  his  pockets.  This 
was  published  by  Mr.  Brucciani. 

The  Thackeray  Centenary  was  duly 
•commemorated  by  The  Cornhill  in  its  number 
for  July,  which  contained  a  poem  by  Mr. 
Austin  Dobson,  and  some  Thackeray  mate- 
rial recently  discovered,  with  a  preface  by 
Lady  Ritchie,  already  noted  in  the  columns 
of  *  N.  &  Q.'  There  is  also  an  article  on 
'  Thackeray  and  his  Father's  Family,'  by 
Mrs.  Warre  Cornish,  to  which  is  appended 
the  following  note  :  — 

"  Thackeray  is  the  only  Englishman  of  letters 
who  had  and  retains  a  popular  name  with  the 
Parisians  at  large.  The  restaurant  where  his 
portrait  in  oils,  as  a  young  man,  is  preserved  in  a 
small  panelled  dining-room  is  Therion's,  Boule- 
vard St.  Germain  (Rive  Gauche).  Outside  the 
restaurant  hangs  a  sign.  It  represents  the 
present  Therion  in  the  company  of  the  novelist." 

In  connexion  with  this  I  would  note  that 
the  Paris  correspondent  of  The  Daily  Tele- 
graph in  that  paper  of  the  10th  inst.  states 
that  M.  Robert  Charvay  is  at  last  about  to 
carry  out  his  pet  scheme,  and  *  Les  A  ventures 
de  Mr.  Pickwick  '  will  be  brought  out  at  the 


Athenee  theatre  next  month;  so  it  would 
seem  that  Dickens  has  now  a  chance  of  also 
becoming  popular  with  the  Parisians. 

In  the  August  number  the  Marchesa 
Peruz/i  de'  Medici  relates  how  Thackeray 
was  the  friend  of  her  childhood,  and  how 
her  heart  went  out  to  him  from  the  first  : 
"  It  was  a  black  day  when  the  dear  giant 
did  not  come,  and  my  restless  eyes  were 
often  turned  to  the  door  in  expectancy." 
She  thus  closes  her  testimony  of  affection  : 
"  In  these  days,  when  laurel  crowns  and 
palms  will  be  brought  in  his  honour,  I  only 
bring  in  tribute  to  his  great  tender  heart  a 
daisy -chain  from  the  child  Edith  Story." 

Very  appropriately  the  celebrations  to 
commemorate  the  Centenary  began  with  an 
exhibition  at  the  old  Charterhouse,  which 
was  opened  by  the  Earl  of  Rosebery  on 
the  30th  of  June,  his  address  being  fully 
reported  in  The  Daily  Telegraph  of  the 
following  day.  Lady  Ritchie's  collection 
included  a  drawing  by  Chinnery  of  Richmond 
Thackeray,  his  wife  and  child  (W.  M.  Thack- 
eray at  three  years  of  age)  ;  a  bust  byDevile, 
about  1824  ;  a  painting  by  Stone  of  Thack- 
Tay  at  the  age  of  25  ;  a  drawing  of  Thack- 
eray's back,  by  Walker,  I860;  and  a  drawing 
from  memory  by  Millais.  There  were 
sketch-books  and  framed  drawings  ;  the 
silver  Punch  presented  by  Edinburgh  ad- 
mirers in  1848  ;  a  number  of  other  por- 
traits and  busts  ;  also  many  manuscripts 
and  letters.  In  one  letter  in  1853  Thackeray 
says  :  "I  write  at  the  rate  of  five  thousand 
betters  a  year  "  ;  in  another  to  F.  M.  Evans 
ie  gives  an  account  of  his  reasons  for  retiring 
:rom  Punch.  There  were  some  of  the 
valentines  with  which,  Miss  Henrietta  Cole 
tells  me,  Thackeray  would  delight  the 
children  of  Sir  Henry  Cole. 

Among    other    exhibits    were    Tht    Snob, 
1829  ;    The  Gownsnmn,   1830  ;  The  National 
Standard,  vol.   i.,    1833;     and    'The   Exqui- 
sites,'   1839,    a  copy   of    which,    as    I    have 
Iready   mentioned  "(p.  102),  fetched  58L  at 
Sotheby's.     There  was  also  the  first  number 
if  '  Vanity  Fair  '  with  the  suppressed  wpod- 
ut  of  the  Marquis  of  Steyne.    The  exhibition 
onsisting  of  395    articles,  was  wonderfully 
omplete,  thanks  to  those  who  had  kindly 
ent  their  treasures  ;    and  acknowledgment 
was    made     of    the     invaluable     assistance 
endered  by  Mr.  W.  J.  Williams. 

The  celebrations  were  brought  to  a  close 
n  a  way  so  beautiful  as  never  to  be  forgotten 

r  those  who  took  part  in  it.     On  the  18th 
July,  which  was  one  of  the  most  glorious 
ays  in  the  ever-memorable  summer  of  this 
year,    a  party   was  given   by  Lady  Ritchie 


ii  s.  iv.  AUG,  19,  i9iL]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


145 


and  the  Editor  of  The  Cornhill  Magazine  in 
the  garden  of  the  Middle  Temple,  and  in  the 
Hall  adjoining  there  was  a  concert  by  Mr. 
William  Forington  and  choristers  and  ex- 
choristers  of  the  Temple  Church,  under  the 
direction  of  Dr.  H.  Walford  Davies.  The 
concert  opened  with  the  well-known  passage 
from  Ecclesiasticus,  "  Let  us  now  praise 
famous  men,"  the  music  specially  written 
by  Dr.  Davies,  followed  by  '  At  the  Church 
Gate,'  '  The  Mahogany  Tree,'  and  '  Little 
Billee.'  Col.  Newcome's  song  '  Wapping 
Old  Stairs '  was  also  included.  Selections 
from  '  The  Newcomes  '  and  '  Pendennis '  were 
read  by  Mr.  Cyril  Maude.  The  concert 
closed  with  that  good  old  seventeenth- 
century  Royalist  song  '  Here  's  a  Health 
unto  His  Majesty.' 

There  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  cele- 
bration, so  appropriate  in  every  way,  will 
not  only  do  much  to  increase  the  interest 
in  the  writings  of  the  novelist  a,nd  poet, 
but  will  also  lead  to  a  better  understanding 
of  the  man  himself.  Nothing  in  life  is  easier 
than  to  call  people  names,  and  when  the 
word  was  passed,  "  Thackeray  is  a  cynic," 
thousands  at  once  caught  the  word,  and  so 
regarded  him.  Tom  Taylor  well  answered 
this  in  his  memorial  poem  in  Punch  : — 
He  \vas  a  cynic  !  by  his  life  all  wrought 

Of  generous  acts',  mild  words,  and  gentle  ways ; 
His  heart  wide  open  to  all  kindly  thought, 

His  hand  so  quick  to  give,  his  tongue  to  praise  ! 

These  notes  have  caused  me  to  make  many 
searches,  and  the  more  search  I  have 
made  the  more  my  affection  has  increased 
for  the  brave-hearted  man  who  has  filled  with 
delight  so  many  homes.  He  never  knew 
what  it  was  to  have  a  father's  guidance, 
for  his  mother  was  left  a  widow  when  she 
was  but  twenty-four  and  he  only  five  years 
old.  At  the  age  of  twenty-one  he  came 
into  a  fortune  of  five  hundred  a  year.  What 
wonder  is  it  that  this  was  quickly  dissipated? 
He  so  ruled  his  life,  however,  'that  by  his 
own  exertions  he  was  able  to  leave  property 
to  the  value  of  seven  hundred  and  fifty 
pounds  a  year. 

The  great  sorrow  of    his  life  is  indicated 
in  the  lines, 

A  fair  young  form  was  nestled  near  me, 
A  clear,  dear  face  looked  fondly  up, 

And  sweetly  spoke  and  smiled  to  cheer  me, 
— There's  no  one  now  to  share  my  cup  ! 
But   the   stout-hearted   man   went   bravely 
on,  devoting  all  his  care  to  the  daughters 
whom  he  fondly  loved.     His  firm  Christian 
faith  enabled  him  to  do  this.     He  prayed 
"  that  he  might  never  write  a  word  incon- 
sistent with  the  love  of  God  or  the  love  of. 


man ....  that  he  might  always  speak  the- 
truth  with  his  pen,  and  that  he  might  never 
be  actuated  by  a  love  of  greed,"  "  for  the 
sake  of  Jesus  Christ  our  Lord  "  ;  and  he 
looked  forward  to  death  as  a  summons  from, 
God  for  the  purpose  "  of  meeting  the 
divine  love  and  goodness." 

As  one  reads  his  works  with  such  thoughts 
as  these  they  become  doubly  precious,  and 
one  feels  assured  that  on  Britain's  roll  of 
fame  there  is  not  a  more  stainless  name  than 
that  of  William  Makepeace  Thackeray. 

JOHN  COLLINS  FRANCIS. 


WYRE    FOREST    OLD    SORB    OR 
WHITTY    PEAR    TREE. 

Berrow's  Worcester  Journal  of  Saturday,. 
29  July,  contains  a  very  long  account  of  a 
meeting  of  the  Worcester  Naturalists'  Club 
at  Wyre  Forest  on  the  preceding  Tuesday, 
the  occasion  being  the  formal  setting-up 
of  an  inscription  on  the  site  on  which  long 
stood  the  famous  Old  Sorb  or  Whitty  Pear 
Tree. 

Mr.  F.  R.  Jeffery,  in  a  paper  tracing  the- 
history  of  the  Sorb  Tree,  said  the  history 
of  the  tree  opens  with  a  letter  written  to- 
the  Philosophical  Society  in  the  year  1678 
by  one  Edmund  Pitts,  then  an  Alderman  of,, 
and  who  had  been  in  1656  Mayor  of,  tfie 
city  of  Worcester.  The  letter  runs  as 
follows  : — 

"  Last  year  I  found  a  rarity  growing  wild  in< 
a  forest  of  this  county  of  Worcester.  It  is- 
described  by  L'Obelius  under  the  name  of 
Sorbus  Pyrijormus,  as  also  by  Mathiolus  upon 
Dioscorides  and  by  Bauhinus  under  the  name- 
of  Sorbus  Procera,  and  they  agree  that  in  France,. 
Germany,  and  Italy  they  are  commonly  found,, 
but  neither  these  or  any  of  our  own  countrymen, 
as  Gerard,  Parkinson,  Johnson,  and  Howr  nor 
those  learned  authors  Merret  or  Bay,  have  taken 
notice  of  its  being  a  native  of  England,  nor  have- 
any  of  our  English  writers  so  much  as  mentioned 
it,  saving  that  Mr.  Lyte  in  his  translation  of 
Dodonseus  describes  it  under  the  name  of  the 
sorb-apple,  but  with  no  more  of  the  place  but  that 
it  groweth  in  Dutchland.  It  resembles  the  Ornus 
or  Quicken  Tree,  only  the  Ornus  bears  the  flowers 
and  fruit  at  the  end,  this  on  the  sides  of  the  branch- 
Next  the  sun  the  fruit  hath  a  dark  red  blush, 
and  is  about  the  bigness  of  a  small  Juneting  Pear.. 
In  September  so  rough  as  to  be  ready  to  strangle- 
one,  but  being  then  gathered  and  kept  until 
October  they  eat  as  well  as  any  medlar." 

This  Edmund  Pitts  was  probably  a 
physician  or  surgeon,  and  he  is  described 
by*  the  editor  of  the  Philosophical  Transac- 
tions as  "  a  very  knowing  botanist."  There 
is  a  monumental  slab  to  his  memory  in 
St.  Martin's  Church,  Worcester. 


146 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       tn  s.  iv.  AUG.  10, 1911. 


After  tracing  the  history  of  the  tree  till 
its  destruction  by  fire  by  a  miscreant  in 
April,  1862,  Mr.  Jeffery  said  :— 

"  The  sorb  tree  was  known  in  Pitts'  time  by 
-the  Latin  names  of  Sorbus  pyriformis  ;  later  on 
.as  Sorbus  domestica  ;  and  for  a  long  time  past  as 
Pyrus  domestica.  The  English  names  of  the  tree 
were  the  sorb  or  true  service  tree,  or  manured 
^service  tree,  the  word  '  manured '  being  used 
in  its  primary  sense  of  cultivated.  The  word 
•*  sorb  '  is  an  evident  Anglicism  of  the  Latin 
sorbus,  and  the  name  '  service  '  is  believed  to  be 
-a  corruption  of  the  same  Latin  word.  In  Wyre 
Forest  itself,  and  in  the  counties  of  Worcester, 
•Salop,  Hereford,  Radnor,  and  Wilts,  and  in  the 
west  country,  the  local  name  of  the  mountain  ash 
is  the  whitty,  the  word  '  whitty  '  being  usually 
spelt  with  an  h,  but  occasionally  without.  Nash 
states  that  the  common  people  not  improperly 
•called  the  old  sorb  tree  the  quicken  pear  tree. 
Both  the  words  '  whitty  '  and  '  quicken  '  are  local 
names  for  the  mountain  ash,  and  whitty  pear 
tree  simply  means  a  mountain  ash  with  pear-like 
sfruit." 

Mr.  Jeffery  then  dealt  with  the  folk-lore 
•connected  with  the  service  tree  or  mountain 
ash  ;  and  after  discussing  the  question  of 
the  introduction  of  the  sorb  tree  into  Eng- 
land, he  concluded  his  paper  with  the  in- 
scription on  the  post  erected  that  day  : — 

"  At  this  spot  stood  for  some  centuries  the  only 
specimen  in  this  country  growing  wild  of  the 
•  Sorb  or  Whitty  Pear  Tree  (Pyrus  domestica) 
which  was  burned  down  by  an  incendiary  in  1862 . 
This  post  has  been  set  up  by  the  Worcestershire 
Naturalists'  Club,  25th  July,  1911,  to  mark  the 
site.  The  Bight  Rev.  the  Lord  Bishop  of  Worces- 
ter, F.S.A.,  President.  F.  T.  Spackman,  F.G.S., 
Honorary  Secretary." 

Q. 

SIR  WILLIAM  WALLACE'S  WELSH  DESCENT. 
— When  writing  about  the  battle  of  theWey 
and  the  Carpenter  document,  ME.  W.  SCOTT 
•(ante,  p.  77)  charges  the  English  chroniclers 
with  error  in  assuming  that  Wallace  came 
of  a  Welsh  stock.  It  is  true  that  in  the 
thirteenth  century  the  whole  of  Strathclyde 
— the  ancient  kingdom  of  the  Britons, 
Cymri,  or  Welsh — had  been  incorporated 
in  the  realm  of  Scotland,  and,  from  the 
xeign  of  David  I.  downward,  much  of  the 
land  had  been  granted  in  fief  to  Xorman 
knights.  But  some  of  the  old  Welsh  chiefs 
must  have  retained  their  place,  among  them 
being  the  owners  of  Elderslie,  who  would 
naturally  be  distinguished  among  their 
neighbours  as  Waleys  or  Welsh.  This,  at 
the  time  when  surnames  were  first  becoming 
fixed,  crystallized  into  the  permanent  desig- 
nation of  the  family  as  Waleys— phonetically 
written  Wallace.  The  great  Scottish  patriot, 
therefore,  although  of  Welsh  descent,  was 
as  truly  a  Scotsman  as  John  Scott,  Earl  of 


Eldon,  was  an  Englishman,  although  Eldon's 
ancestor  must  have  come  from  over  the 
Border. 

Another  great  figure  in  the  war  of  independ- 
ence was  Sir  Malcolm  Fleming,  who  was  not 
less  a  Scotsman  by  reason  of  his  descent 
from  a  Flemish  settler.  So,  for  that  matter, 
was  Good  Sir  James  of  Douglas. 

HERBERT  MAXWELL. 

SHAKESPEARES  IN  THE  EIGHTEENTH 
CENTURY.  —  The  following  Shakespeare 
references  may  be  of  interest : — 

"  The  Commissioners  in  a  Commission  of 
Bankrupt  awarded  against  WTilliam  Shakespear, 
of  Coventry,  in  the  County  of  Warwick,  Chap- 
man, having  made  an  Assignment  of  the  said 
Bankrupt's  Estate  and  Effects,  to  Mr.  Lawrence 
Parker,  of  the  Parish  of  St.  Saviour's,  South wark, 
in  the  County  of  Surry,  Salter,  and  Mr.  John 
Beech  er,  of  Watlingstreet,  London,  Salter :  This 
is  to  give  notice  to  all  Persons  indebted  to  the 
said  William  Shakespear,  or  that  have  any 
goods  or  other  Effects  of  his  in  their  hands,  are 
forthwith  to  pay  and  deliver  the  same  to  the  said 
Assignees,  or  they  '11  be  sued." — London  Gazette, 
No.  4975,  Thursday,  March  6,  to  Saturday, 
March  8,  1711/12. 

"  To  be  'Lett,  a  very  Commodious  well-known 
accustom'd  Publick  House  both  for  Sea  and  Land, 
near  the  Exchange,  the  Person  that  keeps  it 
being  engag'd  in  other  Business.  A  further 
information  to  be  had  cf  Mr.  Benjamin  Shake- 
spear, Painter,  at  his  house  in  St.  Christopher's 
Church- Yard  in  Threadneedle  Street." — Daily 
Courant,  Wednesday,  August  6,  1712. 

B.  L.  STEELE. 

'  PICKWICK  '  :  EATANSWILL  NEWSPAPERS. 
— In  the  fiftieth  chapter  of  '  Pickwick  ' 
Dickens  makes  Pott  of  The  Eatanswill 
Gazette  say  to  Mr.  Pickwick  : — 

"  The  Independent,  Sir,  is  still  dragging  on  a 
wretched  and  lingering  career,  abhorred  and 
despised  by  even  the  few  who  are  cognizant  of 
its  miserable  and  disgraceful  existence  ;  stifled 
by  the  very  filth  it  so  profusely  scatters,"  &c. 
This  was  a  portion  of  a  "  leader  "  in  The 
Eatanswill  Gazette. 

As  an  example  of  editorial  style  over 
eighty  years  before  '  Pickwick,'  the  follow- 
ing is  perhaps  worthy  of  being  dug  out  of 
an  old  magazine  : —  • 

"  To  launch  out  into  little  spiteful  Invectives 
against  our  Competitors,  or  to  sit  down  with  the 
malignant  Purpose  of  depreciating  their  Labours, 
and  picking  out  their  smallest  Faults,  is  an  Em- 
ployment too  despicable  and  invidious  for  any 
one  but  the  meanest  Scribbler.  It  is  true,  the 
Enemies  which  have  in  general  appeared  against 
us,  have  been  such  poor,  maimed,  sickly,  and 
miserable  Opponents,  that  it  is  ridiculous  even 
to  appear  in  the  Field  against  them  ;  somewhat 
like  leading  out  an  Army  to  attack  an  Hospital : 
But  what  Glory  can  attend  the  Triumph  over 
Impotence  or  Imbecillity  ?  Let  them  languish 


ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  19,  MIL]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


147 


out  their  Days  in  Peace,  and  run  the  short 
Course  which  Nature  hath  appointed  them, 
without  Interruption.  As  their  Lives  have  been 
unnoticed,  their  Deaths  are  unregarded  ;  like  a 
Weed  in  the  Desart,  which  lives  and  dies  without 
offending  any  one  with  its  Stink." — The  London 
Magazine,  vol.  xxi.  1752,  Preface. 

The  Preface  of  the  1751  volume  says  : 
"  as  the  two  most  formidable  Enemies  we 
have  ever  had,  are  now  extinct,"  &c. 
According  to  a  foot-note,  these  "enemies" 
were  The  Magazine  of  Magazines  and 
The  Grand  Magazine  of  Magazines. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

THE  LIGHTNING'S  VICTIM  :  JOHN  ROSE- 
BROOK. — On  a  tall  elm  by  the  entrance  to  a 
footpath  a  mile  or  so  from  Bishop's  Stortford 
is  a  memorial  engraved  on  a  metal  tablet, 
rapidly  becoming  indecipherable.  It  runs  — 

Reader, 
This  plate  records  the  death  of 

John  Rosebrook, 
which  took  plac-^  on  the  10th  day  of 

August,   1866. 

He  was  struck  dead  by  lightning  under 
this  tree.     He  was  in  humble  life,  but 

much  respected. 

Be  ye  also  ready,   as 

our  hope  is  this  our  brother  was. 

J.  A.  H. 
C.  A.  A.  H. 

The  tree  does  not  appear  to  have  been 
affected  by  the  stroke  ;  it  is  now  in  full 
vigour,  and  is  probably  about  70  or  80  years 
old.  W.  B.  GERISH. 

VIPER  AND  Cow  FOLK-LORE. — The  follow- 
ing story  is  propagated  by  the  issue  of  The 
Evening  News  for  19  July.  It  throws  the 
responsibility  on  The  Western  Daily  Mer- 
cury : — 

"  A  cow  belonging  to  Mrs.  Heale,  of  Goldburn, 
Okehamptpn,  which  was  quite  well  at  the  morn- 
ing's milking,  was  found  in  the  evening  to  be 
suffering  from  an  enormous  swelling  of  the  udder. 

"  It  was  concluded  at  once  that  the  animal 
had  been  bitten  by  something,  most  probably 
by  a  viper. 

"  The  cow  was  milked,  and  the  milk  was 
about  to  be  flung  away,  when  the  servant  girl 
interposed,  and,  speaking  from  previous  experi- 
ence, said  :  '  Let  it  stand,  because  if  the  cow 
has  been  bitten  by  a  snake  it  will  show  up  in  the 
milk.' 

"  The  milk  was  accordingly  set  aside,  and  on 
looking  at  it  some  three  hours  afterwards  the 
form  of  a  snake  was  distinctly  seen  in  the  cream 
which  had  collected  on  the  surface. 

"  There  was  an  exact  model  of  the  reptile  : 
the  head,  with  the  V  mark,  the  eyes,  and  the 
tongue  projecting  from  the  mouth — perfect 
throughout  to  the  tail. 

"  Moreover,  by  aid  of  a  magnifying  glass  the 
scales  of  the  skin  could  be  distinctly  seen.  All 
this  was  seen  by  Mrs.  Heale,  her  two  grown-up 
daughters,  the  servant  girl,  and  the  boy  groom. 


"  On  the  following  morning  the  figure  was  less 
|  distinct.     A  moth  had  got  into  the  cream  and 
destroyed  the  continuity  of  the  tail. 

"  Still,  the  figure  was  traceable,  and  the  atten- 
tion of  the  veterinary  surgeon  was  called  to  it. 
He  admitted  that  the  form  of  a  snake  was  un- 
doubtedly there.  His  treatment  of  the  animal 
from  the  first  was  for  snake  bite." 

ST.  S WITHIN. 


WE  must  request  corresp9ndents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


ST.  CLEMENT  THE  POPE  AND  WYRE- 
MONGERS.- — The  Wyremongers  of  London 
(a  Fellowship  founded  in  1479  by  the  union 
of  Chapemakers  with  Wyredrawers)  pre- 
sented to  the  Court  of  Aldermen  in  1481 
for  approval  certain  articles  for  the  regu- 
lation of  their  Fraternity.  Among  these 
articles  was  one  to  the  effect  that  no  one 
of  the  craft  should  work  on  the  day  of 
St.  Clement  the  Pope  (23  November), 
"but  that  it  be  kept  and  halowed  as  it  is  kept  and 
halowed  among  othere  crafts  of  the  same  citee 
that  in  their  werk  occupie  fire  and  water  in 
eschewyng  the  hurtes  that  myght  come  thereby." 

Does  this  refer  to  the  saint's  death,  as  re- 
ported by  some  writers,  viz.,  by  being 
forcibly  drowned  in  the  sea  with  an  anchor 
attached  to  his  neck  ?  or  what  is  the  con- 
nexion ?  REGINALD  R.  SHARPE. 
The  Guildhall,  B.C. 

GEORGE  III.  AND  THE  DRAGON  :  M.  C. 
WYATT. — Shortly  after  the  statue  of  George 
III.  was  unveiled  on  3  August,  1836,  a 
printed  report  was  issued  in  which  it  was 
stated  that  the  King  had  commissioned  M.  C. 
Wyatt  to  execute  a  group  of  St.  George  and 
the  Dragon,  but,  his  Majesty  dying  before 
its  completion,  this  group  was  transformed 
into  the  equestrian  statue  of  the  King. 
Can  any  one  tell  me  where  a  copy  of  this 
report  or  any  record  of  it  may  be  found  ? 

H.  M.  C. 

[An  extract  from  The  Times  of  1838,  comment- 
ing on  this  statue  of  George  III.,  appears  ante, 
p.  55.] 

LECKY  AND  THEORY  OF  MORALS  IN 
PALL  MALL  BUDGET.'— In  The  Pall  Mall 
Budget  of  12  June,  1869,  was  a  long  article 
headed  '  The  Morals  of  Expediency  and 
Intuition,'  being  a  criticism  of  the  views  of 
Lecky  in  his  '  History  of  European  Morals.' 
I  should  be  glad  to  be  informed  who  wrote 
that  article.  J.  F.  R. 


148 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  iv.  A™,  w,  mi. 


JAMES  I.  ON  DOCTORS. — James  I.  is  re- 
ported to  have  expressed  the  opinion  that 
"  physicians  were  of  very  little  use  and 
hardly  necessary."  Can  any  reader  give 
me  the  reference  to  this  ?  M.D. 

JOHNSON  AND  TOBACCO. — In  his  recently 
published  and  very  readable  book  on 
*  London  Clubs,'  Mr.  Ralph  Nevill  says 
(p.  4)  of  old  taverns  that 

"  they  carry  one's  thoughts  irresistibly  to  the 
days  when  Dr.  Johnson  blew  his  cloud  by  the 
[side  of  an  old-fashioned  fireplace,  and  occasion- 
ally floored  some  unhappy  wight  with  the  sledge- 
hammer of  his  conversation." 

Is  there  any  evidence  that  Johnson  smoked  ? 

G.  L.  APPERSON. 
[See  review  of  the  book  on  20  May  last.] 

CHARLES  CORBETT,  BOOKSELLER. — The 
only  notice  I  can  find  about  the  above 
person  is  in  Nichols's  '  Literary  Anecdotes,' 
vol.  iii.  p.  719,  where  he  is  described  as  Sir 
Charles  Corbett,  Bart.  In  explanation  of 
this  Nichols  says  that  a  baronetage  "  de- 
scended "  to  him,  but  was  not  recognized  by 
the  Heralds'  College,  and  that  he  died  in 
penury. 

This  notice  is  almost  word  for  word  a 
copy  of  what  appeared  in  The  Gentleman's 
Magazine  in  June,  1808,  and  is  copied  again, 
almost  verbatim,  by  Timperley. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  tell  me  how  I  can 
find  out  anything  about  this  Corbett 
baronetage  ?  Did  Charles  Corbett  claim  it, 
and  if  so,  where  can  a  record  of  the  pro- 
ceedings be  found  ? 

Nichols  is  very  vague  about  dates,  but 
Charles  Corbett  died  in  May,  1808,  so  pre- 
sumably the  question  arose  between  1750 
and  1800.  HENRY  K.  PLOMER. 

'  PARIS  ILLUSTRE  '  (ENGLISH  EDITION). — 
In  the  weekly  papers  of  1888-9  advertise- 
ments appeared  of  an  "English  edition  "  of 
Paris  Illustre,  a  weekly  illustrated  journal. 
The  British  Museum  has  only  the  French 
edition.  Can  any  one  tell  me  if  the  "English 
edition  "  was  a  translation,  or  was  simply 
the  French  edition  issued  with  a  London 
imprint  ?  STUART  MASON. 

WELLINGTON'S  PENINSULAR  CAMPAIGN. — 
Is  it  known  by  whom  was  written  "  Journal 
of  a  Regimental  Officer  during  the  recent 
Campaign  in  Portugal  and  Spain  under  Lord 
Viscount  Wellington.  London,  Printed  for 
J.  Johnson,  St.  Paul's  Churchyard.  1810"  ? 
ST.  CLAIR  BADDELEY. 

[Halkett  and  Laing  attribute  the  book  toCapt. 
Hawker  of  the  14th  Light  Dragoons.] 


WASHINGTON  IRVING' s  '  SKETCH-BOOK/ 
— I  now  conclude  my  list  (see  ante,  pp.  109,. 
129)  of  quotations  and  allusions  in  the 
'  Sketch-Book  '  that  I  have  been  unable  to 
identify,  and  once  more  ask  the  aid  of  readers- 
of  '  N.  &  Q.'  :— 

31.  Sugared  suppositions. 

32.  Like  the  lion  bold, 

Which  whilom  so  magnanimously  the  lamb- 
did  hold. 

33.  The  ship  sailed  from   her  port,  "  and  wa* 
never  heard  of  more." 

34.  What    philosophers     said    that     all 
animals,     including    man,     degenerated    in 
America  ? 

35.  As  the  dove  will  clasp  its  wings  to  its  side,, 
and  cover  and  conceal  the  arrow  that  is  preying^ 
on  its  vitals. 

36.  An  old  Arabian  tale  of  a  philosopher  shut 
up  in  an  enchanted  library,  in  the  bosom  of  a 
mountain,  which  opened  only  once  a  year,  where- 
he  made  the  spirits  of  the  place  bring  him  books- 
of  all  kinds  of  dark  knowledge,  so  that  at  the 
end  of  the  year,  when  the  magic  portal  once  more 
swung   open   on   its   hinges,    he   issued   forth    so- 
versed  in  forbidden  lore  as  to  be  able  to  soar 
above  the  heads  of  the  multitude,  and  to  control 
the  powers  of  nature. 

37.  Who   wrote     the   song     '  The   Merie 
Garland  of  Captain  Death'  ? 

38.  What  is  the  apparition  that  guards- 
the  regalia  in  the  Tower  ? 

39.  How     have     Lyly's     writings     been 
apparently  perpetuated  in  a  proverb  ? 

40.  What    sarcophagus    was    known    as 
Alexander's  before  the  discovery  of  the  so- 
called    Sarcophagus    of    Alexander    now    at 
Constantinople  ? 

41.  Who   wrote   the   book   or   pamphlet 
called  '  Hue  and  Cry  after  Christmas '  ? 

42.  What  is  the  game  called  "  Steal  the- 
white  loaf  "  ? 

43.  What    is    the    game    called    "  Tom,, 
come  tickle  me  "  ? 

44.  WTho    wrote     "  an    excellent    black- 
letter  work  entitled    '  Cupid's   Solicitor   for 
Love,'  "  and  where  is  it  to  be  found  ? 

45.  The  nightmare  with  her  whole  nine  fold. 
40.     The  Arabian  breeze  will  sometimes  waft 

the  freshness  of  the  distant  fields  to  the  weary 
pilgrim  of  the  desert. 

T.  BALSTON. 

DEEDS  AND  ABSTRACTS  or  TITLE  :  SOCIETY 
FOR  THEIR  PRESERVATION. — In  the  course- 
of  practice  a  solicitor  frequently  has  passing 
through  his  hands  old  deeds  and  old  abstracts 
of  title  which,  although  absolutely  valueless, 
he  feels  some  hesitation  in  destroying,  and 
which  might,  if  preserved,  be  at  some  time- 
useful  for  topographical  or  genealogical 
purposes. 


s.  iv.  AUC,  19,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


149 


I  therefore  ask  whether  any  Society 
exists  which  collects  such  muniments  and 
papers,  and,  if  so,  whether  the  Society  would 
become  the  custodian  thereof  upon  the  terms 
that,  if  required,  they  should  be  returned. 
I  cannot  quite  imagine  how  or  why  they 
could  ever  be  needed  by  their  owners,  but 
I  think  the  reservation  ought  to  be  made. 

I  would  also  ask  whether  the  Society  has 
fixed  a  date  as  the  limit  of  modernity  since 
which  more  proper  records  have  been  kept. 
I  have  in  my  mind  the  year  1800  as  the 
boundary  mark,  but  possibly  1837,  when  the 
civil  registers  of  births  and  deaths  were 
instituted,  might  be  a  more  logical  point  to 
fix.  X.  Y. 

MATTHEW  ARNOLD'S  FRENCH  QUOTATION. 
— In  Matthew  Arnold's  'Note-books'  is  the 
following  (part  of  a  much  longer  quotation)  : 

"  Mepriser  1'erreur,  c'est  vouloir  1'homme, 
n'est-il  pas  ?  " 

If  this  is  correctly  quoted  by  Arnold — a 
French  friend  declares  it  not  to  be  intelli- 
gible, and  suggests  that  it  should  run 
"  c'est  en  vouloir  a  1'homme,  n'est-ce  pas  ?  " 
— who  is  the  author  ? 

A.  FORBES  SIEVEKING. 

'  THE  THESPIAN  TELEGRAPH.' — The  first 
part  of  this  dramatic  magazine  appeared 
1  June,  1796,  and  it  was  to  be  continued 
monthly.  It  is  an  early  use  of  the  name 
"  Telegraph  "  to  indicate  a  periodical  con- 
taining news,  and  a  copy  before  me  has  a 
note  identifying  it  as  the  Telegraph  which 
Daniel  Stuart  bought  and  merged  with  The 
Gazetteer  into  The  Morning  Post.  I  can 
hardly  accept  this  as  correct.  Although 
Stuart's  transaction  was  almost  contem- 
porary, the  periodical  he  purchased,  accord- 
ing to  Fox  Bourne  (i.  273),  was  a  daily  paper. 
But  was  there  any  relationship  between  it 
and  The  Thespian  Telegraph  ? 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

HENRY  BETHUNE  ABBOTT  was  admitted 
to  Gray's  Inn,  12  June,  1833.  Can  any 
correspondent  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  give  me  the  date 
of  his  death  and  further  particulars  of  his 
career  ?  G.  F.  R.  B. 

GILBERT  AFFLECK  was  admitted  to  West- 
minster School  1  June,  1774.  I  should  be 
glad  to  ascertain  the  dates  of  his  birth  and 
death  as  well  as  particulars  of  his  parentage 
and  career.  G.  F.  B.  B. 

JOHN  HEATHFIELD  was  admitted  to  West- 
minster School  in  October,  1749,  aged  15. 
I  should  be  glad  to  obtain  any  information 
about  him.  G.  F.  R.  'B. 


I  have  received  among  ordinary  currency  a 
five-franc  piece  :  on  one  side  is  "  Republique 
Fransaise.  An  13.  0 "  ;  on  the  other, 
"  Napoleon  Empereur."  Is  this  contradiction 
in  terms  usual  on  coins  of  that  data. 

S.  WILLCOCK,  Major. 

WILLIAM  STEPHENS  HAYWARD,  THE 
NOVELIST. — Is  anything  known  of  the  life 
and  career  of  William  Stephens  Hayward, 
a  voluminous  writer  of  novels  and  romances, 
who  began  his  literary  career,  I  think,  in 
1862,  with  *  Hunted  to  Death,'  and  ended 
it  in  1884,  with  '  One  in  a  Thousand  '  ? 

According  to  Allibone's  '  Critical  Dic- 
tionary of  English  Literature,  of  British 
and  American  Authors,'  35  works  were 
produced  by  this  author  in  little  over  twenty 
years,  resulting,  I  understand,  in  a  great 
number  of  readers  of  the  English-speaking 
race  throughout  the  world. 

I  think  I  am  correct  in  saying  that,  with 
the  exception  of  Allibone's,  there  is  no 
reference  to  this  writer  in  any  of  the  works 
of  reference  which  it  is  customary  to  consult 
in  England. 

Will  some  of  our  American  literary  friends 
kindly  "  make  a  note  of  it,"  and  try  to  help 
us  ?  FBEDK.  CHAULES  WHITE. 

26,  Arran  Street,  l^oath,  Cardiff. 

GRAND  SHARBI  TEPHLIA.— What  is  known 
of  "  The  Supreme  Grand  Sharri  Tephlia," 
which,  at  some  time  before  1900,  was  founded 
or  attempted  to  be  founded,  and  seems  to 
have  been  taken  seriously  by  a  few  people, 
as  an  elaborately  printed  '  Ritual '  came  into 
existence,  of  which  a  well-bound  copy  in 
quarto  is  before  me  ?  From  accompanying 
papers,  and  particularly  from  The  Voice  of 
the  Brotherhood,  "  the  official  organ  of  the 
Grand  Sharri  Tephlia,"  of  which  No.  2  was 
published  at  an  address  at  Thornton  Heath, 
apparently  between  January  and  May, 
1900,  it  seems  that  the  avowed  objects  were 
to  adorn  the  members  in  sumptuous  attire, 
to  provide  various  funds  in  the  nature  of 
"  benefit  "  for  them,  and  to  build  a  temple, 
a  Right  Worshipful  Grand  Chaplain  (ap- 
pointed for  life)  having  sole  authority,  and 
"  the  inherent  power  of  enacting  laws  and 
regulations ....  and  of  altering,  repealing, 
and  abrogating  them."  England  and  Wales 
were  declared  parcelled  out  into  districts, 
and  the  organization  seems  to  have  had  an 
especial  eye  to  Birmingham,  from  which 
city,  however,  information  on  the  subject 
is  not  forthcoming. 

The  sequel  of  this  rather  ambitious 
project  is  to  be  found  in  The  Croydon 


150 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  19, 1911 


Guardian,  which  in  June,  1903,  gave  a 
description  of,  "  the  unfinished  building 
in  Beulah  Road  East,  Thornton  Heath, 
that  has  for  years  remained  untouched,  and 
which  originally  was  begun  for  a  society 
known  as  the  Grand  Sharri  Tephlia."  The 
building  was  announced  for  sale  by  auction, 
at  the  Mart,  in  the  following  month — July. 

W.  B.  H. 

'  THE  YOUNG  SON  OF  CHIVALRY.' — I  shall 
be  greatly  obliged  if  any  contributor  can 
furnish  me  with  the  words  of  this  West- 
Country  song,  either  through  '  N.  &  Q.'  or 
direct.  The  first  line  runs 

A  knight  loved  a  maid  in  the  valley. 
The  song  is  from  a  hundred  to  a  hundred 
and  fifty  years  old,  I  think.     I  shall  be  glad 
of  any  particulars. 

S.  J.  ADAIR  FITZ-GERALD. 

8,  Lancaster  Road,  Bowes  Park,  N. 

G.  EDWARDS  :  DRAWINGS  or  BIRDS. — 
There  are  in  my  possession  two  coloured 
drawings  of  birds  with  the  following  descrip- 
tions written  below  them  : — 

1.  "A  Bird  from  the  Island  of  Ceylon,  drawn 
from  Nature  of  the  size  of  Life  by  George  Edwards, 

April  4th,  1760 See  Knox's  'Hist,  of  Ceylon 

in  the  East  Indies,'  London,  1681,  page  27." 

2.  "  The   Curucui    of     Marcgraue,    drawn   and 
etched  from  life  by  G.  Edwards,  June  the  15th, 
1759." 

The  first  sketch  represents  what  is  called 
in  Ceylon  the  bird  of  paradise  (Tchitrea 
paradisi,  Linn.).  I  should  be  glad  to  know 
who  George  Edwards  was,  whether  he  pub- 
lished a  book  of  drawings  of  birds ;  what 
place  is  meant  by  "  Marcgraue  "  ;  and 
whether  Edwards  travelled  there  and  to 
Ceylon,  or  is  likely  to  have  made  the  sketches 
in  England  from  specimens  imported  alive. 

I  should  also  like  to  learn  what  the  second 
bird  (which  looks  like  a  parroquet)  is,  and 
whether,  if  no  book  of  sketches  of  birds  was 
published  by  Edwards,  these  are  original 
drawings.  PENRY  LEWIS. 

Quisisana,  Walton  by  Clevedon. 

DE  JERSEY  FAMILY. — Can  any  of  your 
readers  throw  light  upon  this  old  family, 
who  have  resided  in  Guernsey  since  1450, 
and  were  then  styled  Le  Vavasseur  dit  de 
Jersey  ?  A  member  of  the  family  in  the 
middle  of  the  fifteenth  century  is  supposed 
to  have  lived  in  Sarum.  Can  any  trace  be 
found  of  that  branch  in  Salisbury  ?  The 
name  was  spelt  Gereseye  in  the  early  part 
of  the  fourteenth  century,  and  is  thus  spelt 
in  old  deeds.  A  Richard  de  Gereseye  is 
mentioned  in  the  Patent  Rolls  in  1317  as 


lately  King's  Butler  ;  and  his  son  John  de 
Gereseye  had  a  grant  of  the  viscountcy 
of  the  island  of  Geresej^e.  Richard  de 
Gereseye  seems  to  have  lost  the  King's  plate 
whilst  in  his  custody  in  Stryvelyn  (the  old 
name  for  Stirling),  for  which  he  got  a 
pardon  1  January,  1317.  Any  information 
concerning  the  family  will  be  gratefully 
received.  CHARLES  P.  C.  DE  JERSEY. 
1,  Eaton  Place,  Choisi,  Guernsey. 

BTJCKERIDGE  BOOK  -  PLATE.  —  To  what 
branch  of  the  Buckeridge  family  do  the 
following  book-plates  belong  ?  1.  Or,  five 
crosslets  sable  salterwise  between  two  pellets, 
a  label  in  chief.  Crest,  a  hill  (?  a  ridge), 
thereon  four  trees.  Motto,  "Sub  tegmine 
fagi."  Name,  Francis  Buckeridge.  2.  Or, 
five  cross  crosslets  fitchee  sable  salterwise 
between  two  pellets,  a  martlet  in  chief. 
Crest,  a  hawk  belled.  Xo  name. 

ARTHUR  STEPHENS  DYER. 

207,  Kingston  Road,  Teddington. 

LTJDLOW  CASTLE. — Soon  after  the  acces- 
sion of  George  I.  an  order  was  received  to 
unroof  the  buildings,  and  decay  soon 
ensued.  Fourteen  panels  bearing  the  arms  of 
many  of  the  nobility  were  converted  into 
wainscoting  for  "  The  Bull  Hotel "  in 
Ludlow. 

Are  any  of  these  materials,  &c.,  now  in 
any  houses  in  Ludlow  or  the  neighbourhood? 
What  are  the  most  notable  articles  from  the 
Castle  now  in  the  Ludlow  Museum  ?  What 
became  of  the  bulk  of  the  fine  furniture  when 
removed  from  the  Castle  ?  J.  K. 

Brighton. 

"  KIDKOK." — What  is  the  origin  of  this 
word  ?  It  occurs  in  a  list  of  tenants 
written  in  the  early  part  of  the  seventeenth 
century,  and  having  reference  to  the  shops 
and  their  situation  under  a  building  which 
wTould  correspond  to  a  Town  Hall  of  the 
present  day.  CITIZEN. 

JAMES  GLEN  OF  DEMERARA. — I  lately 
read,  but  have  forgotten  where,  some  sen- 
tences about  the  youthful  days  of  this 
early  advocate  of  "  Swedenborgian  "  doc- 
trines in  England  and  America,  who  died 
on  14  September,  1814,  at  the  age  of  85 
and  upwards.  I  think  the  reference 
occurred  in  some  recently  published  history 
of  a  Scottish  school,  town,  or  locality.  Can 
a  fellow-reader  remedy  my  forgetfulness  in 
this  matter  ?  I  have  access  to  the  details 
of  Glen's  career  furnished  by  the  literature 
of  the  "denomination";  also  to  the 
accounts  of  his  hermit  days  given  by  Capt. 
St.  Clair  ('A  Soldier's  Recollections  of  the 


n  s.  iv.  AUG.  19, 1911.)        NOTES  AND  QU  ERIES. 


151 


West  Indies,'  2  vols.,  1834)  and  in  the 
life  of  the  Rev.  John  Wray  ('  Pioneer 
Missionary  in  British  Guiana,'  1892).  May 
I  also  be  favoured  by  guidance  to  other 
sources  of  information  concerning  Glen  ? 
I  especially  wish  to  know  the  place,  and 
exact  date,  of  his  birth. 

CHARLES  HIGHAM. 
169,  Grove  Lane,  S.E. 

SIB  G.  SITWELL  :  '  THE  NORMANS  IN 
CHESHIRE." — In  a  review  of  '  The  Barons  of 
Pulford,'  by  Sir  George  Sitwell,  Bt.,  some 
years  ago,  it  was  stated  that  he  had  written, 
or  was  engaged  upon,  a  book  with  the 
above  title.  Was  it  ever  published,  or 
privately  printed  ?  R.  S.  B. 


COWPER  ON  LANGFORD. 
(11  S.  iv.  109.) 

THE  allusion  is  to  Abraham  Langford,  the 
famous  auctioneer,  whose  rooms  were  in 
Co  vent  Garden  in  the  eighteenth  century, 
and  occupied  the  site  of  the  Tavistock  Hotel. 
Langford  was  born  in  1711,  and  died  17  or 
18  September,  1774.  He  succeeded  Chris- 
topher Cock,  another  famous  auctioneer, 
and  was  succeeded  himself  by  yet  another 
— George  Robins.  It  was  in  the  rooms 
which  Langford  occupied  that  Hogarth 
had  years  before  exhibited  his  '  Marriage 
a  la  Mode  '  gratis. 

Langford  dabbled  in  poetry  and  the  drama. 
He  wrote  '  The  Lover  his  own  Rival :  a 
Ballad  Opera,'  in  one  act,  with  musical 
notes,  pp.  32  (London,  J.  Watts,  1736,  8vo). 
There  were  other  editions  (London,  1753, 
and  one  in  Dublin  also).  Baker  ('  Bio- 
graphia  Dramatica ')  says  that  Langford 
was  "  better  known  in  the  polite  than  in  the 
poetical  world." 

There  are  many  contemporary  allusions 
to  Langford  and  his  auction  sales.  Several 
of  these  may  be  found  in  Nichols's  '  Literary 
Anecdotes,'  e.g.,  ii.  158  (Dr.  Richard 
Pococke's  sale),  ii.  254  (G.  Vertue,  plates  and 
prints),  ii.  280  (Philip  Carteret  Webb, 
curiosities),  iii.  199  (John  Ives,  coins), 
iv.  554  (Samuel  Gale),  v.  105  (Dr.  Robert 
Friend),  v.  262-7  (Joseph  Ames),  vi.  75 
(Joshua  Blew).  '  The  Annual  Register ' 
alludes  also  to  other  sales ;  see  the  volumes 
for  1766,  pp.  65,  69,  71  ;  and  for  1767, 
p.  99. 

In  '  The  Annual  Register '  for  1769, 
p.  223,  there  is  an  anonymous  poem,  '  A 


Familiar  Epistle  to  a  Friend,'  in  which  are 
several  amusing  allusions  to  Abraham  Lang- 
ford.  One  of  these  runs  : — 

Some  moderns  too,  by  Langford's  art 
Made  of  the  Catalogue  a  part. 
The  public  prints  announced  the  day 
When  hundreds  came  who  could  not  pay, 
But  yet  they  needs  must  come  to  shew 
Their  veneration  for  virtii  [sic]. 

The  poem  occupies  several  pages. 

Langford  is  buried  in  St.  Pancras  Church- 
yard,  and  his  epitaph,  being  lengthy  and 
somewhat  fulsome,  is  inscribed  on  both  sides 
of  the  stone.     It  is  printed  in  Lysons's  'En- 
virons of  London,'  iii.  357,  and  is  as  follows  : 
' '  His  spring  of  life  "  was  such  as  should  have  been 
Adroit  and  gay,  unvex'd  by  care  or  spleen  ; 
His  summer's  manlwod  open,  fresh,  and  fair  ; 
His  virtues  strict,  his  manners  debonnaire. 
His  autumn  rich  with  wisdom's  goodly  fruit 
Which  every  varied  appetite  might  suit. 
In  polish'd  circles  dignified  with  ease, 
And  less  desirous  to  oe  pleas' d  than  please. 
Grave  with  the  serious,  with  the  comic  gay  ; 
Warm  to  advise,  yet  willing  to  obey. 
True  to  the  fond  affections  of  the  heart, 
He  play'd  the  friend,  the  husband,  parent,  part. 
What  need  there  more  to  eternize  his  fame, 
What  monument  more  lasting  than  his  name  ? 

Langford's  portrait  is  referred  to  in 
Bromley's  '  Engraved  Portraits,'  and  Evans's 
'  Catalogue  '  mentions  its  existence  in  two 
states.  See  also  John  Nichols  and  George 
Steevens,  '  Biographical  Anecdotes  of 
Hogarth,'  1810,  ii.  287,  which  has  references 
to  the  portrait  of  Langford  and  also  to  that 
of  his  predecessor  Christopher  Cock.  The 
'  D.N.B.'  has  a  notice  of  Langford  written 
by  Mr.  Thomas  Seccombe,  to  which  much  of 
the  foregoing  is  supplementary. 

It  is  interesting  as  a  tribute  to  Langford's 
fame  to  observe  that  Cowper  began  to  write 
'  The  Task'  in  June  or  July,  1783,  and  finished 
it  in  September,  1784.  It  was  published 
in.  1785.  As  Langford  died  in  1774,  his 
fame  survived  him  some  years,  or  else  Cow- 
per's  allusion,  made  eleven  years  after  in 
'  The  Task,'  would  not  have  had  much  point, 
nor  would  it  have  been  understood. 

A.  L.  HUMPHREYS. 

187,  Piccadilly,  W. 

Abraham  Langford  duly  finds  a  place  in 
'  D.N.B.,'  xxxii.  98,  and  some  additional 
references  are  supplied  in  Musgrave's 
'  Obituary.'  Cowper  mentions  him  again  : 
"  A  man  had  need  have  the  talents  of  Cox  or 
Langford,  the  auctioneers,  to  do  the  whole 
scene  justice  "  ('  Letters,'  ed.  Johnson, 
1820,  p.  53).  W.  C.  B. 

[MR.  A.  R.  BAYLEY,  MR  W.  T.  LYNN,  MR. 
M.  A.  M.  MACALISTER,  MR.  R.  A.  POTTS,  and 
ST..SWITHIN  also  thanked  for  replies.] 


152 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [a  s.  iv.  AUG.  19, 1911. 


GALLY  KNIGHT  :  "  IPECACUANHA  "  IN 
VERSE  (11  S.  iv.  102). — In  '  Arundines 
Cami,'  edited  by  Henry  Drury,  3rd  ed., 
1846,  p.  82,  are  eight  lines  headed  '  Damon 
and  Juliana.'  The  first  four  are  those  which 
are  reproduced  by  V.  R.  The  other  four 
are  another  version  of  Sir  Uvedale  Price's 
lines  as  given  in  the  note.  They  are  : — 

From  the  box  the  imprudent  maid 

Three  score  of  them  did  pick  ; 
Then  sighing  tenderly  she  said  : 

"  My  Damon,  1  am  sick  !" 

The  reference  at  the  foot  is  "  Old  Play." 

On  the  next  page  (83)  is  a  translation  into 
Latin  by  S.  B.  =  Samuelis  Butler,  nuper 
Episcopus  Lichfieldensis  : 

Thyrsi*  et  Phyllis. 

In  nemore  umbroso  Phyllis  mea  forte  sedebat, 

Cui  inollem  exhausit  tussis  anhela  sinum  ; 
Nee  mora ;  de  loculo  deprompsi  pyxida  Isevo, 

Ipecacuaneos  exhibuique  trochos. 
Illaquidem  imprudens  medicates  leniter  orbes 

Absorpsitnumero  bisque  quaterque  decem  ; 
Turn  tenero  ducens  suspiria  pectore,  dixit ; 

"  Thyrsi,  mihi  stomachum  nausea  tristis  habet." 

Presumably,  seeing  that  Juliana  could  not 
exist  in  elegiac  verses,  Butler  thought  fit  to 
change  both  names,  while  he  swallowed 
"  Ipecacuaneos  trochos." 

It  will  be  noticed  that  the  number  of 
lozenges  taken  by  Juliana  alias  Phyllis 
differs  greatly  in  the  three  versions. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

Samuel  Butler's  version  of  "  Ippecacuanha" 
(one  p  too  much)  appears  in  '  Arundines 
Cami,'  6th  ed.,  p.  115.  The  heading  is 
'  Ne  quid  nimis.'  URBANUS. 

[A.  A.  B.,  MR.  J.  J.  FREEMAN,  MR.  C.  S.  JERRAM, 
and  MR.  STEPHEN  WHEELER  also  thanked  for 
replies.] 

EMERSON,  HEINE,  AND  FRANKLIN  IN 
ENGLAND  (US.  iv.  69,  115). — MR.  BRESLAR 
may  perhaps  like  to  be  referred  to  the  articles 
which  recently  appeared  in  The  Publishers' 
Circular  (11  and  25  February,  4  March,  1911) 
relative  to  a  proposal  to  place  a  tablet  to 
Heine's  memory  on  the  house,  32,  Craven 
Street,  in  which  he  lodged  from  23  April 
to  8  August,  1827.  I  fear  that  not  much 
has  been  done  in  the  matter,  notwithstanding 
the  efforts  made  by  that  excellent  journal. 
W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 

MR.  BRESLAR  is  not  aware,  apparently, 
that  the  house  in  which  Benjamin  Franklin 
lived  for  a  while  in  Craven  Street  is 
already  marked  by  an  inscription  recording 
the  fact.  G.  L.  APPERSON. 


THE  BURNING  OF  Moscow  (US.  iii.  464  ; 
iv.  74,  116). — MR.  CLAYTON  at  the  second 
reference  asks  why  the  burning  of  Moscow 
has  not  been  attributed  to  Sir  Robert 
Wilson.  Besides  other  reasons,  this  i& 
probably  due  to  the  fact  that  Sir  Robert 
states  in  his  'Diary,'  vol.  i.  p.  164,  that  he 
was  a  hundred  and  twenty  versts  from 
Moscow  when  he  heard  of  the  fall  and  the 
firing  of  that  city.  I  pointed  out  at 
11  S.  i.  274  that  the  burning  of  Moscow  was 
very  partial. 

COL.  POLLARD -URQUHART  has  not  based 
his  reply  at  p.  116  on  a  good  authority. 
How  much  was  left  of  Moscow  after  the  fire 
is  shown  by  the  fact  that  Daru,  the  best 
authority  for  the  supply  of  the  army, 
proposed  to  pass  the  winter  there.  But 
it  may  interest  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  to  know 
what  a  lieut-colonel  of  the  Horse  Artillery 
of  the  Guard  carried  away  from  Moscow  for 
his  own  use.  He  took  a  hundred  biscuits 
a  foot  in  diameter,  a  sack  of  flour,  more  than 
three  hundred  bottles  of  wine,  twenty  to 
thirty  bottles  of  rum  and  of  brandy,  more 
than  ten  pounds  of  tea  and  the  same  quantity 
of  coffee,  fifty  to  sixty  pounds  of  sugar,  three 
to  four  pounds  of  chocolate,  some  pounds 
of  candles,  a  good  edition  of  Voltaire  and 
of  Rousseau,  and  many  other  books.  These, 
after  passing  Smolensko,  he  abandoned  at 
Taloczii  or  Tolotchine  on  22  November, 
34  days  after  leaving  Moscow,  for  fear  of  the 
Emperor  having  his  carriage  burnt  ;  but  he 
took  a  china  breakfast  service  as  far  as 
Wilna.  For  his  own  person  he  had  a  very 
fine  fur  coat.  This  extraordinary  confession 
of  an  officer,  who,  needless  to  say,  embraced 
the  royalist  cause  as  soon  as  he  could,  shows 
how  easily  the  "  destroyed  "  Moscow  could 
have  supplied  all  the  wants  of  the  army  for 
its  sojourn  or  for  its  march. 

R.  W.  PHIPPS,  Col.  late  R.A. 

LONG  BARROWS  AND  RECTANGULAR 
EARTHWORKS  (11  S.  iii.  88,  273).— The 
"barrow"  literature  of  our  country  is 
somewhat  extensive.  The  classic  work  on 
the  subject  is  '  British  Barrows  :  a  Record 
of  the  Examination  of  Sepulchral  Mounds- 
in  Various  Parts  of  England,'  8vo,  Oxford,. 
1877,  by  Dr.  W.  Greenwell  and  Dr.  G. 
Rolleston.  Dr.  Greenwell  still  lives  at 
Durham,  an  evergreen,  hale  old  man. 

The  Transactions  of  our  antiquarian 
societies  contain  many  papers  on  this 
fascinating  subject,  e.g.  : — 

H.  H.  Lines  and  W.  Phillips. — '  Titterstone  and 
other  Camps  in  Shropshire,'  Trans.  Shrop.  A* 
and  N.  H.  S.,  Second  Series,  iii.  1-35. 


ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  19,  MIL]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


153 


R.  Nevill,  F.S.A.— '  Wimbledon,  the  Camp 
and  the  Battle,'  Surrey  Arch.  Soc.,  x.  273-9. 

W.  Whitaker. — '  Lockesley  Camp,'  Hants  Field 
Club,  ii.  80. 

Rev.  S.  Baring-Gould. — '  An  Ancient  Settle- 
ment on  Trewortha  Marsh,'  Royal  Inst.  Cornwall, 
xi.  57-70. 

F.  R.  Coles. — '  The  Motes,  Forts,  and  Boons 
of   the   Stewartry    of   Kirkcudbrightshire,'    Proc. 
Soc.  Ant.  Scot.,  xxvi.  117-70. 

T.  McKenny  Hughes. — '  On  the  Camp  at 
Ardoch,  Perthshire,'  Cambridge  Ant.  Soc.  Proc., 
viii.  57-8. 

Henry  Layer,  F.S.A. — '  Rayleigh  Mount :  a 
British  Oppidum,'  Essex  Arch.  Soc.,  N.S.,  iv. 
172-8. 

Rev.  E.  Maule  Cole,  F.G.S.— '  Danes'  Dike,' 
Trans.  East  Riding  Ant.  Soc.,  i.  53-8. 

H.  Swainson  Cowper,  F.S.A. — '  The  Ancient 
Settlements,  Cemeteries,  and  Earthworks  of 
Furness,'  ArcJtceologia,  liii.  389-426. 

T.  McKenny  Hughes.—'  On  the  Castle  Hill, 
Cambridge,'  Camb.  Ant.  Soc.  Proc.,  viii.  87-92. 

J.  M.  Martin. — '  Broadbury  and  its  Ancient 
Earthworks,'  Trans.  Devon.  Assoc.,  xxv.  547-51. 

T.  Tindall  Wildridge.— '  The  British  Barrow 
at  Marton,'  Trans.  East  Riding  Ant.  Soc.,  i.  46-52. 

G.  F.  Beaumont. — '  Layer  Marney  Earthwork,' 
Trans.  Essex  Arch.  Soc.,  N.S.,  v.  100. 

S.  Baring-Gould  and  others. — '  Exploration  of 
Grimspound,'  Trans.  Devon  Assoc.,  xxvi.  101-21. 

Edward  Conder. — '  Account  of  Exploration 
of  Lyneham  Barrow,'  Proc.  Soc.  Ant.,  Second 
Series,  xv.  404-10. 

J.  R.  Mortimer. — '  The  Grouping  of  Barrows 
and  its  Bearing  on  the  Religious  Beliefs  of  the 
Ancient  Britons,'  Trans.  East  Riding  Ant.  Soc., 
iii.  53-62. 

John  Ward. — '  Account  of  some  Barrows 
recently  opened  in  the  Vicinity  of  Buxton,' 
Proc.  Soc.  Ant.,  Second  Series,  xv.  419-29. 

Robert  Newstead. — '  Grave  Mounds  at  Penmaen- 
mawr,'  Chester  Arch.  Soc.,  vi.  145-51. 

T.  N.  Brushfield.— '  Arbor  Low,'  Brit.  Arch. 
Assoc.,  N.S.,  vi.  127-39. 

Prof.  Boyd  Dawkins.— '  Exploration  at  Hod 
Hill,  near  Blandford,'  Arch.  Journ.,  Ivii.  52-68. 

Attention  may  also  be  directed  to  the 
scheme  for  recording  ancient  defensive 
earthworks  and  fortified  enclosures  issued 
by  the  Society  of  Antiquaries  in  1903,  and 
to  the  siibsequent  reports  of  their  Earthworks 
Committee,  presented  yearly  to  the  Congress 
of  Archaeological  Societies. 

T.  CANN  HUGHES,  M.A.,  F.S.A. 

Lancaster. 

"TUMBLE-DOWN  DICK"  (11  S.  iv.  90).— 
In  1855  there  stood  a  public-house  bearing 
this  name  near  Frimley,  in  Surrey.  Most 
likely  it  is  still  open — perhaps  under  a  new 
title.  It  had  no  picture  sign  such  as  MR. 
ALECK  ABRAHAMS  describes.  In  the  year 
[  speak  of  the  landlord  told  my  father 
that  the  licence  dated  from  the  days  of  Bos- 
worth  Field,  the  inn  having  been  called, 
derisively,  after  the  fallen  monarch.  Most 
probably  "  mine  host,"  not  being  well 


posted  in  historic  lore,  confused  one  un- 
lucky Richard  with  another  ;  or  my  father, 
perhaps,  in  re-telling  the  tale,  jumbled 
names  and  dates.  Yet  a  question  might 
arise,  Was  Richard  III.  the  original 
"  Tumble  -  Down  Dick,"  the  sobriquet 
being  afterwards  revived  to  ridicule  the 
fallen  Protector  ?  There  can  be  no  doubt,, 
however,  that  Richard  Cromwell  was  the 
one  thus  commemorated.  I  recollect,  when 
a  child,  often  hearing  my  mother  busy  about 
the  house,  singing  : — 

Tumble-Down  Dick  was  the  sweetest  of  men,. 

Hi-diddle  ho-diddle  hey  ! 
He  fell  down  stairs  and  he  got  up  again, 
Hi-diddle  ho-diddle  dee  ! 
Ho-diddle-dey  ! 

Whether  this  was  the  whole  song,  or  only 
one  verse,  I  did  not  think  to  ask  :  I  never 
fancied  it  was  a  ballad  concerning  a  real 
person.  Yet  I  have  not  forgotten,  through 
long  years,  either  the  words  or  the  tune- 
as  I  heard  them  of  old.  Has  the  song  been 
alluded  to  before  in  the  pages  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  ? 
HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 

There  is  an  inn  of  this  name  on  the 
London  and  Farnham  Road  in  the  parish 
of  Farnborough,  Hants.  The  sign,  which 
was  pictorial,  has  lately  been  repainted,, 
and  the  picture  has  disappeared. 

J.  P.  STILWELL. 
[S.  W.  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

DR.  JOHNSON  IN  SCOTLAND  (11  S.  iv. 
105). — The  anecdote  of  Dr.  Johnson  which 
D.  J.  quotes  from  '  Memoirs  of  Bishop 
Bathurst '  may  be  found  in  '  Chalmeriana," 
by  Joseph  John  Gurney. 

W.  ROBERTSON  NICOLL. 

DICKENS  AND  THACKERAY  :  MANTALINI 
(US.  iv.  47). — One  prefers  to  believe  that 
there  may  have  been  some  existing  original 
for  Madame  Mantalini  rather  than  that 
Thackeray  should  have  conveyed  the  cha- 
racter from  the  pages  of  Dickens.  May  not 
some  business  directory  about  the  forties* 
of  last  century  reveal  such  a  name  as  being 
then  in  London  ?  Or  perhaps  the  suggestion 
of  millinery  in  the  name  Mantalini  may  have 
guided  both  writers  to  an  almost  simul- 
taneous use  of  the  name. 

The  practice  of  conveying  a  fictitious 
haracter  from  a  contemporary  author  is  not* 
indeed,  unknown  in  literature,  but  is,  I  think, 
far  from  common.  For  instances  of  the 
practice  see  1 1  S.  ii.  432,  where  Capt.  Cross- 
tree  and  Tom  Bowling  are  mentioned  as 
depicted  by  different  writers.  Another, 
and  perhaps  better,  instance  is  Crabtree,. 


154 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  19, 1911. 


who  figures  in  Smollett's  '  Peregrine  Pickle,' 
Sheridan's  '  School  for  Scandal,'  and  Scott's 
'  Antiquary.'  A  more  modern  instance  is 
Sherlock  Holmes,  Sir  A.  Conan  Doyle's 
famous  detective,  who  appears,  I  believe, 
in  more  than  one  contemporary  writer, 
sometimes  under  a  thinly  disguised  name. 

W.  SCOTT. 

"  TOUT  COMPRENDRE  c'EST  TOUT  PAH- 
CONNER  "  (11  S.  iv.  86,  136).— The  original 
form  of  this  saying  is,  I  think,  "  Tout 
aimer  pour  tout  comprendre  ;  tout  com- 
prendre  pour  tout  pardonner."  I  cannot 
give  its  source  ;  but  I  think  it  dates  from 
#.n  earlier  period  than  that  of  Madame  de 
Stael.  W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 

GRINLING  GIBBONS  (US.  iv.  89,  137). — 
There  is  an  account  of  Grinling  Gibbons, 
with  numerous  references  to  his  works,  in 
Allan  Cunningham's  *  Lives  of  the  Most 
Eminent  British  Painters,  Sculptors,  and 
Architects.'  Gibbons  is  also  briefly  men- 
tioned in  Pepys's  Diary. 

G.     DE    C.     FOLKARD. 

SAMUEL  HORSLEY  (11  S.  iv.  68). — Samuel 
Horsley  was  the  grandson  of  the  Right  Rev. 
Samuel  Horsley,  Bishop  of  Rochester,  and 
afterwards  of  St.  Asaph.  Born  circa  1811, 
he  was  for  many  years  Inspector  under  the 
Irish  Poor  Law  Board,  and  died  at  Bath 
27  May,  1889.  Sir  Richard  C.  Jebb  was  his 
nephew.  SUTOCS. 

JAMES  HOOK  (11  S.  iv.  109). — If  the 
James  Hook  inquired  for  was  the  son  of 
James  Hook,  the  composer,  and  father  of 
Theodore  Hook,  much  information  will  be 
found  in  Grove's  'Dictionary  of  Music.' 
James  Hook  lived  in  Lambeth,  and  his  son, 
born  in  1772,  became  Dean  of  Worcester. 
I  believe  he  was  educated  at  Westminster 
School.  S.  J.  A.  F. 

THOMAS  HOOKER  (11  S.  iv.  109).— Can 
he  be  identical  with  Thomas  Redman 
Hooker,  s.  Thomas,  of  London,  arm., 
Oriel  Coll.  matric.  17  March,  1780,  aged 
17  ;  B.A.  1784,  M.A.  1786,  B.D.  and  D.D. 
1810,  Vicar  of  Rottingdean,  Sussex,  1792, 
until  death  18  April,  1838,  father  of  John 
B.  H.  Ottley  of  Eton  and  Oriel,  and  of  T.  R. 
Hooker  of  Eton  and  Ch.  Ch.,  a  judge  in 
Ionian  Isles  ?  A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

WILLIAM  HUGHES  (11  S.  iv.  109),  s. 
William  of  Westminster,  gent.,  Merton 
Coll.  matric.  4  July,  1775,  aged  19  (?). 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 


VATICAN  FRESCOES  (11  S.  iv.  69,  116).— 
MR.  ST.  CLAIR  BADDELEY  is  not  quite  right 
in  his  explanation.  The  printing  press  of 
the  Rossi  was  not  near  the  Vespasian  Temple 
of  Peace,  i.e.  the  Basilica  of  Constantine, 
situated  on  the  old  Campo  Vaccino  at  Rome  ; 
but,  as  I  stated,  near  the  Piazza  Navona, 
and  the  church  of  Santa  Maria  della  Pace  in 
the  Strada  Coronari.  This  church  was 
built  about  1482  by  Pope  Sixtus  IV.  to 
celebrate  the  end  of  wars  among  the  nations 
of  Christendom  against  the  Turks. 

In  the  time  of  the  printers  Rossi  a  main 
artery  of  Rome  extended  from  the  Piazza 
Navona  to  Ponte  S.  Angelo,  and  therein 
existed  the  botteghe  of  some  of  the  principal 
tradesmen  of  the  mediaeval  city.  The  Via 
Giulia  was  then  both  the  business  and  the 
aristocratic  quarter  of  Rome. 

This  was  quite  a  modern  district  in  com- 
parison with  that  ornament  of  ancient  Rome 
of  which  MR.  BADDELEY  speaks,  and  which 
Pliny  described  as  containing  the  most 
marvellous  statues,  bronzes,  and  pictures 
of  the  Greeks,  besides  spoils  taken  from  the 
Temple  of  Jerusalem.  Now  only  a  few 
arches  are  left  standing  to  mark  its  position. 
WILLIAM  MERCER. 

'  CHURCH  HISTORIANS  or  ENGLAND  '(US. 
iii.  308,  373  ;  iv.  58,  117). — I  regret  that  an 
error  has  crept  into  my  reply  at  iv.  58. 
The  volumes  I  have  are  II.  i.  and  ii.  ;  III. 
i.  and  ii.  ;  IV.  ;  and  V.  i.,  of  the  Pre- 
Reformation  series.  R.  B — R. 

"  BONNY  EARL  o'  MORAY  "  (11.  S.  iv.  68). 
— In  David  Herd's  '  Ancient  and  Modern 
Scottish  Songs,'  edited  by  Sidney  Gilpin, 
there  appears  the  subjoined  foot-note  to 
the  ballad  on  the  subject.  It  is  given  as 
a  quotation  from  Burnet  the  historian  : — 

"  James  VI.  being  jealous  of  an  attachment 
betwixt  his  Queen,  Anne  of  Denmark,  and  this 
Earl  of  Murray,  the  handsomest  man  of  his  time, 
prevailed  with  the  Marquis  of  Huntley,  his 
enemy,  to  murder  him  ;  and  by  a  writing  under 
his  own  hand,  promised  to  save  him  harmless." 

W.  B. 

James  Stuart,  the  "  bonny  Earl  o'  Moray," 
was  an  historical  personage.  The  son  of  the 
first  Lord  Doune,  who  died  in  1590,  and 
son-in-law  of  the  Regent  Moray,  he  suc- 
ceeded his  father  as  second  Lord  Doune, 
and  soon  after  was  created  or  confirmed 
Earl  of  Moray  by  King  James.  Reputed 
one  of  the  handsomest  men  of  his  day  in 
Scotland,  he  is  said  to  have  been  a  great 
favourite  with  Anne  of  Denmark,  the 
King's  wife.  Having  for  this  reason  in- 


ii  s.  iv.  AUK.  19,  ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


155 


I 


<curred  the  King's  displeasure,  he  was  set 
upon  while  staying  at  Donibristle  Castle, 
Fifeshire,  and  slain  by  Gordon  of  Cluny 
#,nd  the  Earl  of  Huntly,  not  without  suspicion 
of  royal  connivance.  His  personal  appear- 
ance, apart  from  the  language  of  the  ballad, 
is  described  by  historians  in  general  terms. 

S.  S.  W. 

YEWS  IN  CHURCHYARDS  (US.  iv.  63). — If 
my  suggestion  that  the  Ewecross  wapeii- 
take  of  Yorkshire  was  originally  named 
Yewcross  will  hold,  there  must  have  been 
in  early  times  a  conspicuous  cross  made 
•of  yew  on  some  elevated  place  in  the  district ; 
see  11  S.  iii.  464.  W.  C.  B. 

"  FIVES  COURT,"  ST.  MARTIN'S  LANE  : 
TENNIS  COURT,  HAYMARKET  (11  S.  iv.  110). 
—The  exact  site  of  the  Fives  Court,  St. 
Martin's  Street,  is  given  in  Lockie's  (not 
Leckie's)  '  Topography  of  London,'  1810, 
•as  "  behind  26,  four  doors  on  the  R.  from 
Whitcomb-st.  The  wall  of  the  Upper 
King's  Mews  is  the  eastern  boundary  of 
It."  Not  much  information  about  it  can 
be  found  in  topographical  works,  and  the 
sporting  books  quoted  by  Dr.  SIEVEKING  are 
more  concerned  with  the  events  that  took 
place  within  it*  walls  than  with  its  site,  which 
a  hundred  years  ago  was,  of  course,  as  well 
known  as  Lord's  is  at  the  present  day.  The 
following  quotation  from  '  Doings  in  London,' 
a,  once  favourite  book  illustrated  by  Robert 
•Cruikshank,  gives  a  slight  sketch  of  its 
history  : — 

"•  Pigg  erected  in  1725  the  first  amphitheatre 
for   sparring    in    England   at   the   top    of    Wells 
Street,  Oxford  "Road,  then  called  Marybone  Fields. 
...  .In  1781,  Pigg  opened  an  exhibition-room  for 
sparring  in  Catherine  Street,  Strand,  which  was 
-a  favourite  resort  for  many  years,  until  the  Fives' 
Court,  St.  Martin's  Street,  Leicester  Square,  was 
found  more  advantageous.     It  was  here  I  wit- 
nessed the  .sparring  between  Molineus  and  Cribb. 
1  got  into  the  gallery,  commanding  a  fine  view  of 
•the  stage  and   all  the  proceedings   of  the   day. 
So    crowded   was   the   court,    so   closely   wedged 
together  were  the  spectators,  that  when,  on  the 
cry  of  '  hats  off,'  all  eyes  were  raised  and  directed 
to  the  stage,  the  va^t  and  crowded  area  below 
seemed  thickly  paved  with  human  faces — 
The  Fives'  Court  rush — the  flash — the  rally, 
The  noise  of  '  Go  it,  Jack  ' — the  stop — the  blow, 
The  shout — the  chattering  hit — the  check — the 
sally  1 

But  Fives'  Court  is  no  more  I  The  improve- 
ments in  the  neighbour-hood  caused  its  wall?  to 
fee  levelled  to  the  ground  ;  and  the  amateurs  and 
professors  of  boxing  have  since  reverted  to  this 
Tennis  Court,  the  first  benefit  being  for  the 
black,  Richmond,  on  February  28,  1820." — 
Pp.  191—5, 


It  will  be  seen  from  this  account  that  the 

existence  of  the  Fives'   Court  as  an  arena 

for  boxing  was  not  of  long  duration — probably 

from   twenty-five  to   thirty   years.     "  This 

|  Tennis  Court,"  as  we  learn  from  the  same 

!  work,  was  situated  in  Windmill  Street,  Hay- 

!  market.     It  seems  to  have  been  a  different 

I  court     from  that  situated  in  James  Street, 

Haymarket.  W.  F.  PRIDE ATJX. 

Some  years  ago — about  twenty — I  dealt 
with  a  wine  merchant  named  Norris,  whose 
premises  stood  where  now  stand  Sir  John 
Dewar's  offices  in  the  Haymarket.  One  day 
the  son  of  the  house  took  me  into  the  wine 
vaults,  and  showed  me  one  in  particular 
which  he  said  was  one  of  the  original  courts 
where  "  fives  "  and  "  pell  mell  "  were  played. 
The  courts  at  one  time  reached  as  far  as 
Whitcomb  Street,  Pall  Mall  East. 

S.  J.  A.  F. 

"  J'Y     SUIS,     J'Y     EESTE  "     (11     S.     iv.     44, 

94).  —  Baron  de  Bazancourt  in  '  L' Expe- 
dition de  Crimee,'  Paris,  1856,  deuxieme 
partie,  p.  435,  writes  that  MacMahon  spoke 
truly  when  he  replied  the  night  before  to 
General  Niel,  who  had  said  that  the  winning 
of  the  day  depended  on  the  taking  of  the 
Malakoff,  "  J'y  entrerai,  et  soyez  certain 
que  je  n'en  sortirai  pas  vivant." 

In  The  Illustrated  Times,  vol.  i.  p.  287 
(6  October,  1855),  is  an  English  translation 
of  an  account  of  the  French  attack  on  the 
Malakhoff  (sic)  and  the  Little  Redan, 
wTitten  by  the  correspondent  of  La  Presse. 
"  It  is  by  far  the  best  account  of  these 
brilliant  assaults  that  has  yet  been  penned." 
So  says  The  Illustrated  Times.  It  is  dated 
"  Before  .  Sebastopol,  Sept.  15."  In  it  I 
find:— 

"  At  3  o'clock,  General  M'Mahon  [sic]  sent  to 
General  Pelissier,  who  was  at  the  Green  Mamelon, 
500  metres  distant  from  the  Malakhoff,  behind  a 
parapet  of  earth-sacks,  a  letter  thus  worded  : 
'  I  am  in  the  Malakhoff,  and  sure  of  maintaining 
myself  in  it.' 

"  He  had,  in  fact,  just  overcome  the  last  efforts 
of  ^resistance  on  the  part  of  the  Russians.  No 
sooner  had  they  been  driven  out  of  the  redoubt 
through  the  gorge  that  leads  to  huge  barracks 
adjacent  to  the  Malakhoff,  and  long  supposed  by 
us  to  be  a  fort,  than  they  strengthened  their 
numbers,  brought  up  their  reserves,  and  rushed 
back  to  the  ramparts  with  a  fury  quite  unusual 
on  their  part.  Our  soldiers  drove  them  out 
headlong  a  second  time. 

"  The  Russians  were  not  beaten  yet ;  they 
made  another  desperate  attempt ;  their  prodigious 
efforts  were  foiled  by  the  cool  intrepidity  of  our 
soldiers 

"  Tt  was  after  this  double  attack  that  Genera* 
M'Mahon  wrote  the  note  to  General  Pelissier." 


156 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  10,  wu. 


The  following  is  from  '  Nouveau  Larousse 
Illustre,'  no  date,  recently  published,  vol.  v., 
s.v.  Mac-mahon  : — 

"  II  prit  d'assaut  la  tour  de  Malakof  (3  sept.}, 
et,    ayant   reeu    du   mareehal    P^lissier   1'avis   de 
s'exposer   moins   sur   une   position    qui   sernblait 
intenable,  il  repondit  par  le  mot  famoux  :    '  J'y  ! 
suis,  j'y  reste  !  '  ' 

If  one  may  assume  that  the  correspondent  j 
of  La  Presse  was  correct,  and  that  there 
was  only  one  message  sent  to  Pelissier,  the 
"  mot  fameux"  appears  to  be  open  to  sus- 
picion of  having  been  made  by  some  one 
after  the  event.  Is  there  any  contemporary 
evidence  that  MacMahon  sent  the  "  mot  " 
to  his  superior  officer  '! 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

WASHINGTON  IRVING' s  'SKETCH-BOOK' 
(US.  iv.  109,  129,  148).  —The  sources  of 
three  of  the  o  notations  asked  for  are  as 
follows  : — 

1.    In  the  service  of  mankind  to  be 
A  guardian  god  below. 
James  Thomson,  '  Sophonieba,'  Act  II.  sc.  i. 

4.  I  never  heard 

Of  any  true  affection  but  'twas  nipt,  &c. 

Thomas  Middleton,  '  Blurt,  Master 
Constable,'  Act  111.  sc.  i. 

5.  Though  your  body  be  confined,  &c. 

Beaumont  and  Fletcher,  '  The  False  One,' 
Act  I.  sc.  ii. 

M.  A.  M.  MACALISTER. 

2.  The  history  of  the  "  old  poem,"  under 
its  refrain  "  Halloo  !  my  fancie,  whither  wilt 
thou  go  ?  "  has  been  set  out  at  2  S.  i.  511  ; 
ii.  57,  98,  138  ;  3  S.  ix.  493.  W.  C.  B. 

TWINS  AND  SECOND  SIGHT  (11  S.  iii. 
469  ;  iv.  54).— The  late  Frederic  W.  H. 
Myers  in  his  '  Human  Personality  and  its 
Survival  of  Bodily  Death,'  1903,  vol.  i. 
p.  272,  speaks  of  a  butler  named  James  I 
Carroll,  who  has  had 

"  another  psychical  experience,  not  visual — a 
feeling  of  extreme  exhaustion  and  sadness, 
coupled  with  the  idea  of  his  twin-brother,  on  the 
first  day  of  his  distant  twin-brother's  fatal  ill- 
ness ;  and  again  just  before  the  receipt  of  a  tele- 
gram summcning  him  to  the  death-bed.  It  is 
an  interesting  observation  based  by  Gurney  on 
his  analysis  of  relationships  in  telepathic  cases 
that  the  link  of  twinship  seems  markedly  to  facili- 
tate this  kind  of  communication,  [Foot-note.] 
Cf.  the  case  of  Mrs.  Storie.  .  .  .and  the  cases  given 
by  Mr.  P.  Galton,  (  Enquiries  into  Human 
Faculty,'  pp.  22fi-231,  of  consentaneous  thought 
and  action  on  the  part  of  twins,  which  he  attri- 
butes to  a  specially  close  similarity  of  constitu- 
tion." 

Whether  or  not  fully  convinced  of  the 
existence  of  such  a  close  similarity  of  con- 
stitution between  twins,  Japanese  parents, 


at  least  in  this  part,  take  scrupulous  care 
to  feed  and  dress  twins  with  exactly  the 
same  articles — a  slight  disparity  in  the 
colours  of  shoestrings  being  believed  to 
prove  inimical  or  even  fatal  to  the  inferior 
party.  KUMAGTISU  MINAKATA. 

Tanabe,  Kii,  Japan. 

SIEGE  OF  DERBY  (11  S.  iii.  369,  457).— 
SCOTTJS  apparently  follows  Macaulay's 
brilliant  but  inaccurate  account  of  the  break- 
ing of  the  boom.  The  great  historian  makes- 
no  reference  to  the  services  rendered  by  the 
long-boat  of  H.M.S.  Swallow  : — 

"  The  Mount  joy  was  accompanied  by  the  long- 
boat of  the  Swallow,  '  well  barricadoed  and  armed 
with  seamen  to  cut  the  bcome,'. .  .  .and  the  hoat- 
swain's  mate,  who  had  the  command  of  the  boat/,, 
cut  the  boom." — Iteid's  'History  of  the  Presby- 
terian Church  in  Ireland.' 

See  also  The  London  Gazette,  No.  2478. 
ALEX.  LEEPER. 
Trinity  College,  Melbourne  University. 

DEER-LEAPS  (US.  iv.  89,  138).— About 
17  miles  west  cf  Selkirk,  on  the  high  ground 
between  the  valleys  of  Ettrick  and  Yarrow, 
stand  two  grey  whinstones  28  feet  apart,, 
and  termed  the  "  Hartleap."  They  are 
said  to  mark  the  leap  of  the  last  hart  shot 
in  Ettrick  forest  by  Andrew  Telfer,  hunts- 
man to  King  James  IV.  W.  E.  WILSON. 

Hawick. 

ST.  HUGH  AND  "  THE  HOLY  NUT"  (11  S.  iv. 
69). — is  not  the  meaning  of  this  expression 
explained  by  the  following  stanza  from 
Sequence  VII.  by  Adam  of  St.  Victor, 
*  Nativitas  Domini '  ? 

Nux  est  Christus,  cortex  nucis 
Circa  camera  pcena  crucis, 
Testa  corpus  osseum. 
Carne  tecta  Deltas 
FA  Christ  i  suavitas 
Signatur  per  nucleum. 

Wrangham's  translation  runs  thus  : — 
Christ  th-i  n>it,  its  hull  His  passion, 
Closing  round  His  human  fashion, — 
And  His  bony  frame  its  shell, — 
The  incarnate  Deity 
And  Christ's  tender  sympathy 
In  the  kerne!  mark  ye  well. 

C.  S.  TAYLOR, 
.Banwell  Vicarage,  Somerset. 

CAMPBELL'S  '  NAPOLEON  AND  THE  ENG- 
LISH SAILOR'  (US.  iv.  107). — In  Moxon's 
1851  edition  of  the  'Poetical  Works.' 
(edited  by  the  Rev.  W.  A.  Hill),  p.  394, 
Campbell's  note  runs  as  follows  : — 

"  This  anecdote  has  been  published  in  several 
public  journals,  both  French  and  English.  My 
belief  in  it's  authenticity  was  confirmed  by  an 


ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  19,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


157 


Englishman  long  resident  at  Boulogne  lately 
tolling  me  that  he  remembered  the  circumstance 
to  have  been  generally  talked  of  in  the  place." 

The  title  of  the  poem  is  '  Napoleon  and  the 
British  Sailor.'  A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

"WAIT  AND  SEE"  (11  S.  iii.  366,  434; 
iv.  74).— At  the  last  reference  W.  B.  H., 
turning  from  the  political  to  the  literary 
history  of  the  phrase,  gives  a  quotation  of 
1871  from  Trollope.  It  is  older  than  that. 
Christina  Rossetti  first  published  '  Goblin 
Market,  and  other  Poems,'  in  1862,  and  one 
of  these  other  poems  begins  : — 

Shall  I  forget  on  this  side  of  the  grave  ? 

I  promise  nothing  :   you  must  \vait  and  see, 
Patient  and  brave. 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

A  much  earlier  example  of  this  expression 
than  any  of  those  cited  occurs  in  one  of 
Carlyle's  letters.  When  he  became  a 
•celebrity  after  the  publication  of  '  The 
French  Revolution,'  and  with  great  reluc- 
tance struggled  to  dine  out  occasionally  and 
otherwise  to  take  his  place  as  a  society  man, 
he  experienced  great  sufferings  in  consequence 
of  his  thoroughly  uncongenial  ventures. 
In  his  Journal,  in  letters  to  relatives,  and  so 
forth,  he  characteristically  describes  the 
proceedings,  and  dwells  on  the  consequent 

gangs  in  a  vivid  and  singularly  impressive 
ishion.     Writing  in  March,  1840,  to  Thomas 
Erskine  of  Linlathen,  he  refers  to  the  situa- 
tion in  these  terms  : — 

"  Time  does  not  reconcile  me  to  this  immeasur- 
able, soul- confusing  uproar  of  a  life  in  London. 
I  meditate  passionately  many  times  to  fly  from 
it  for  life  and  sanity.  The  sound  of  clear  brooks, 
of  woody  solitudes,  of  sea-waves  under  summer 
f  uiis  ;  all  this  in  one's  fancy  here  is  too  beautiful, 
like  sad,  forbidden  fruit.'  Cor  irrequietum  est. 
We  will  wait  and  see." — '  Life  in  London,'  i.  178. 

THOMAS  BAYNE. 

MILITARY  EXECUTIONS  (11  S.  iv.  8,  57, 
D8). — I  think  it  should  be  made  clear  that 
yo  ur  last  three  correspondents  apparently 
describe  what  took  place  in  musket  days  of 
perhaps  thirty  to  fifty  years  ago,  whereas 
my  personal  experience  applies  to  the  modern 
Lee-Metford  rifle.  It  would  be  interesting 
to  hear  from  some  one  present  at  a  military 
•execution  in  a  recent  war. 

WILLIAM  JAGGABD. 

If  soldiers  do  not  know  the  law  or  the 
regulations  affecting  military  executions, 
the  ignorance  of  a  civilian  may  be  excused. 
The  wide  discretion  of  commanding  officers 
seems  to  have  been  brought  into  a  system 
of  late  years,  but  there  appears  to  have  been 


handed  down  a  deal  of  tradition  that,  as  far 
as  I  know,  has  never  been  embodied  in  print, 
such  as  salutes,  punishments,  &c.  ;  and 
executions  seem  one  of  those  subjects. 

The  punishment  of  death  by  shooting 
was  always  considered  due  to  a  soldier,  unless 
he  had  been  guilty  of  some  degrading  crime 
under  the  civil  law,  when  he  suffered  hanging 
like  any  other  malefactor.  As  is  well  known , 
Admiral  Byng  was  shot  "  to  encourage  the 
others  "  on  board  a  man-of-war  in  Ports- 
mouth Harbour  on  14  March,  1757.  There 
are  two  views  of  the  execution  in  the  British 
Museum  ;  the  views  are  identical,  but 
at  the  bottom  of  one  is  a  lot  of  descriptive 
letterpress.  In  this  it  is  stated  that  the 
admiral  gave  ten  guineas  to  the  Marines  who 
carried  out  the  sentence.  This  agrees  with 
the  picture,  where  the  squad  is  under 
the  charge  of  a  sergeant,  who  stands  with  his 
halbert  in  the  rear.  All  have  fixed  bayonets  : 
the  front  rank  of  three  is  kneeling  ;  the 
next  of  three  is  standing  with  the  muskets 
levelled  ;  the  third  of  three  is  standing  with 
their  pieces  at  what  I  call  "port  arms." 
The  letterpress  says  that  there  was  a  volley 
from  six  marines,  "  five  of  whose  Bullets 
went  through  him." 

I  have,  as  concisely  as  possible,  given  a 
description  of  the  event,  and  add  no  com- 
ments. A.  RHODES. 

"  BLUE  PETER  "  :    "  BLUE  FISH  "  (11  S.  iv. 

108). — H.   B.    has   confused   the  verse  and 

refrain  of  "  Fare  thee  well,  my  own  Mary 

Ann."     It  should  run  thus  : — 
A  lobster  in  a  lobster-pot, 
Or  a  blue  fish  wriggling  on  a  hoo1?, 
Do  suffer  some,  but  oh  no,  not 
What  I  do  feel  for  my  Mary  Ann. 

Refrain — 

So  fare  thee  well,  my  own  Mary  Ann, 

Fare  thee  well  for  a  while  ; 
For  the  ship  is  ready  and  the  wind  is  fair» 
And  I  am  off  to  the 'sea,  Mary  Ann. 
And  I  am  off  to  the  sea,  Mary  Ann. 

F.  R.  RUSHTON. 

I  think  the  verse  quoted  by  H.  B.  is 
somewhat  mixed,  for  in  a  song-book  up- 
wards of  half  a  century  old  it  appears  as 

A  lobster  in  a  lobster-pot, 

A  blue  fish  wriggling  on  a  hook, 

May  suffer  some,  but  oh  no,  not 

What  I  do  feel  for  my  Mary  Ann. 

The  last  two  lines  quoted  by  H.  B.   form 

really  part  of  the  chorus,  thus  : — 
Fare  you  well,  my  own  Mary  Ann, 

Fare  you  well  for  a  while  ; 

For  the  ship  it  is  ready,  and  the  wind  it  is  fair, 
And  I  am  bound  for  the  sea,  Mary  Ann. 

ALFRED  CHAS.  JONAS. 


158 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s.  iv.  AUG.  19, 1911. 


"  MAKE  A  LONG  ARM  "(US.  iv.  44,  118).— 
I  remember  a  great-aunt  of  mine  who  habit- 
ually used  this  expression  when  she  wished 
us  to  give  her  something  which  was  out  of  her 
reach.  She  also  used  to  tell  a  story  of  her 
father,  in  an  absent-minded  way,  asking  his 
son,  then  a  boy,  to  "  make  a  long  nose  " 
for  something,  whereon  my  grandfather 
"took  a  sight"  at  the  object  in  question, 
to  the  mixed  horror  and  amusement  of  the 
whole  family.  E.  E.  STREET. 

Chichester. 

This  is  quite  a  common  expression,  and 
I  have  known  it  from  my  youth  up  until 
now.  It  is  sometimes  difficult  to  find  such 
locutions  in  print,  because  writers  used  to  be 
rather  timid  about  bringing  colloquialisms 
to  press.  The  language  of  books  was  one 
thing,  and  the  language  of  talkers  another. 
It  is  so  still,  but  the  difference  is  less  striking 
than  it  was.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

THE  THREE  HEAVENS  (11  S.  iv.  48).— 
Thomas  Brooks,  the  Puritan  divine,  whose 
collected  works  occupy  six  large  volumes 
of  Nichols's  "  Puritan  Series,"  was  a  man 
of  scholarly  attainments,  having  been  edu- 
cated at  Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge. 
He  was  quite  equal  to  the  construction  of  his 
own  Latin  phrases.  Probably  the  phrases 
noted  in  MR.  CURRY'S  query  were  of  Brooks' s 
own  making,  and  not  borrowed  from  any  of 
the  Church  Fathers,  although  ccelum  beatorum 
is  an  expression  such  as  one  would  expect  to 
find  in  early  theology.  The  three  phrases 
were  no  doubt  employed  by  Brooks  to  give 
point  to  his  sermon  and  to  arrest  the  atten- 
tion of  his  hearers.  They  stand  on  a  par  with 
the  Hebrew  quotations  with  which  Cole- 
ridge's father  is  said  to  have  edified  his  rural 
congregation  in  Devonshire.  W.  S.  S. 

I^ULLYVANT  :     BuLFIN  :     BULFINCH    (IIS. 

iii.  444  ;  iv.  18,  117). — Bardsley  regarded 
Bony  f  ant  and  Bonenfant  as  nicknames,  the 
English  version  being  Goodchild  (Fr.  bon 
-^-enfant)  ;  while  Barber  explains  Bullivant 
and  Ballyfaunt  as  derived  from  Fr.  bel-}- 
cnfant. 

Bulfinch  is  evidently  a  later  adaptation 
of  Bulfin.  The  word  bulfinch  is  first  noted 
in  the  *  N.E.D.'  in  1570.  N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

BIBLES  WITH  CURIOUS  READINGS  (US.  iii. 
284,  433). -r-"  The  Murderers'  Bible"  was 
an  edition  published  in  1801.  The  word 
"  murmur  ers "  is  rendered  "murderers" 
in  the  sixteenth  verse  of  the  Epistle  of  Jude. 

T.  SHEPHERD. 


GEE  SURNAME  (11  S.  iii.  489).— The 
'  Patronymica  Britannica '  says,  s.v.,  with 
reference  to  this  name  :  "  The  Celtic  Mac- 
Gee  (Magee)  sans  Mac." 

Barber,  on  the  other  hand,  derives  it 
from  Fr.  Ghys,  Ger.  Gey,  Dutch  Gee. 

N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

'  LA  CARMAGNOLE  '  (11  S.  iv.  27). — The 
14th  Foot,  now  West  Yorkshire  Regiment, 
use  as  their  regimental  march  the  Revo- 
lutionary tune  '  (Ja  Ira.'  On  an  occasion  in 
Flanders  in  1794,  I  think,  their  colonel  led 
them  to  the  charge  against  a  French  regiment 
saying,  "  Let  us  beat  them  to  their  own 
damned  tune."  S.  W. 

'PICKWICK':  Miss  BOLO  (US.  iv.  89). 
— Dean  Farrar,  when  he  was  an  assistant 
master  at  Harrow,  used  to  quote  Miss  Bolo's- 
plight  as  a  perfect  instance  of  zeugma. 

G.  W.  E.  RUSSELL. 

"  BUT  "  =  "  WITHOUT  "  IN  THE  BIBLE 
(US.  iv.  26,  78).— A  much  better  parallel 
to  Amos  iii.  7  will  be  found  in  Ps.  xix.  3, 
where  it  will  be  seen  how  the  A.V.  elucidates 
the  older  rendering.  The  meaning  seems 
to  be  often  misunderstood,  the  emphasis 
being  wrongly  laid  by  many  readers  on 
"  voices  "  instead  of  "  their."  W.  E.  B. 

"  NIB  "=  SEPARATE  PEN-POINT  (11  S.  iii. 
346;  iv.  54,  117).— I  agree  with  MR, 
RATCLIFFE  at  the  last  reference  in  so  far 
as  "  nib  "  is  a  term  applied  to  the  part  of 
the  "pen"  actually  employed  in  the  act 
of  writing.  It  may  be  customary  in  the 
Midlands  for  persons  to  call  for  a  "nib" 
meaning  "  penholder  "  -f  "  nib  "  ;  but  in 
London  a  box  of  "  pens  "  =a  box  of  "  nibs  " 
only;  "pens"  and  "nibs"  being  conver- 
tible terms  originally.  It  is  a  mere  extension 
of  usage  that  the  whole  writing  instrument 
is  now  designated  " pen  "  when  "penholder  'r 
is  meant  also.  M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

"  '  Shall  it  be  a  hard  or  a  soft  nib  ?  '  inquired 
Nicholas "  ('  Nicholas  Nickleby,'  1839, 
chap.  ix.).  G.  W.  E.  R, 

ST.  SABINUS  OR  ST.  SALVIUS  (11  S.  iv. 
47). — St.  Sabinus,  Bishop  of  Assisi,  suffered 
martyrdom  in  304  at  Spoleto  in  Italy. 
There  was  a  St.  Salvius,  Bishop  of  Albi, 
in  the  sixth  century,  and  another  St.  Salvius 
or  Sauve  in  the  seventh.  None  of  these 
saints,  so  far  as  I  am  aware,  ever  visited 
the  shores  of  this  countrv.  Row  TAY. 


n  s.  iv.  AUG.  19,  Mil.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


159 


0tt 


The  Oxford  English  Dictionary. — Scouring-Sedum. 

(Vol.  VIII.)     By  Henry  Bradley. — Si-Simple. 

(Vol.     IX.)     By     W.     A.     Craigie.     (Oxford, 

Clarendon  Press.) 

THE  OXFORD  DICTIONARY  is  making  steady 
advance  through  the  wide  expanse  of  the  letter  S, 
and  once  more  students  and  lovers  of  English 
should  rejoice  in  the  excellent  arrangement, 
wealth  of  quotation,  and  precision  of  definition 
which  put  this  great  work  far  ahead  of  other  col- 
lections of  the  kind.  As  usual,  we  have  devoted 
some  time  and  study  to  the  sections  before  us, 
and  the  little  that  we  are  able  to  add  is  of  no  great 
moment,  though  it  will  show,  we  hope,  our  genuine 
interest  in  the  English  language.  Like  our  late 
Editor,  we  rejoice  in  good  poetry,  and  even  are 
unfashionable  enough  to  quote  it ;  while  we  prefer 
in  every  case  the  authority  of  a  book  to  that  of 
journalism,  as  the  more  permanent  form  repre- 
sents, or  ought  to  represent,  more  care  about 
language.  Our  comments  are  mainly  biased 
by  these  two  considerations. 

Dr.  Bradley  in  the  first  page  of  the  text  is 
quite  up-to-date,  for  he  notes  the  establishment 
in  1908  by  General  Baden-Powell  of  the  "  Boy 
scout."  "  Scrabble  "  =  scrawl  is  first  quoted 
from  Matthew's  Bible  in  1537,  and  in  other  senses 
is  effectively  used  by  Bunyan  and  Mr.  Kipling. 
"  Scrannel "  is  employed  "  now  chiefly  as  a 
reminiscence  of  Milton's  use."  The  various 
words  under  "  scrape  "  and  "  scratch  "  repay 
perusal.  For  "  scree  "  we  have  in  our  notes  the 
following  modern  and  authoritative  book-refer- 
ence. Lord  Avebury  hi '  The  Scenery  of  England 
and  the  Causes  to  which  It  is  Due  '  (3rd  ed.,  1904, 
p.  210)  writes :  "  The  angle  at  which  screes 
stand  is  often  greatly  exaggerated.  It  seldom 
exceeds  36°."  "  Screw  "  is  a  good  example  of 
careful  definition.  "  Scribble  -  mania  "  and 
"  scribbleomania  "  might  have  been  referred  to 
Juvenal,  vii.  52,  from  which  they  are  derived, 
and  which  is  quoted  by  Mark  Pattison  in  a  reduced 
form  under  the  second.  The  first-mentioned  of 
nouns  under  "  scrip  ' '  recalls  to  us  the  first  sentence 
of  '  The  Ordeal  of  Richard  Feverel '  with  its 
mention  of  '  The  Pilgrim's  Scrip.'  "  A  wee 
bit  of  sculduddery  ahint  the  door,"  Stevenson, 
'  Letters,'  i.  338  (1901),  would  carry  on  quotations 
which  end  with  Walter  Scott.  We  find  no 
poetical  quotation  for  "  sculptor,"  and  recall  at 
once  Shelley's  fine  sonnet '  Ozymandias,'  hi  which 
the  features  of  the  shattered  visage 
Tell  that  its  sculptor  well  those  passions  read 
Which  yet  survive,  stamped  on  these  lifeless 

things. 

'  The  Statue  and  the  Bust '  of  Browning,  too, 
might  supply 

Set  me  on  horseback  here  aloft, 
Alive,  as  the  crafty  Sculptor  can. 

"  Sea  "  and  its  numerous  compounds  represent 
a  wonderful  (piece  of  work.  "  Sea-coal  "  is  com- 
monly explained  as  "  coal  brought  by  sea," 
but  a  curious  doubt  is  cast  on  this  by  quotations, 
which  may  indicate  marine  denudation  as  the 
source  of  the  phrase.  For  the  hunting  "  season  " 
*  Mr.  Sponge's  Sporting  Tour  '  supplies  in  chap.  i.  : 


"  Mr.  Sponge  had  pursued  this  enterprising  life 
for  some  'seasons.'"  For  "second  sight" 
Mr.  Lang  in  '  The  Encycl.  Brit.'  (1875)  is  cited. 
We  should  prefer  a  reference  to  the  great  Oxford 
anthropologist  Tylor,  which  his  '  Primitive 
Culture  '  (1891),  vol.  i.  p.  143  or  447,  would  supply.. 
The  sedan  chair  is  said  to  be  of  obscure  ety- 
mology, as  Johnson's  association  of  it  with  the- 
French  town  "  has  nothing  to  support  it."" 
Does  its  use  still  survive,  we  wonder,  in  TrinuVy 
College,  Cambridge,  to  take  guests  from  the  gate- 
across  the  Great  Court  to  the  Lodge  ?  For- 
"  sedge  "  between  Coleridge  (1798)  and  O'Shaugh- 
nessy  (1881)  might  come  the  passage  which  ends 
'  La  Belle  Dame  sans  Merci,' 

Though  the  sedge  is  withered  from  the  lake, 
And  no  birds  sing. 

The  first  page  of  Dr.  Craigie's  section  intro- 
duces us  to  the  "  Siamese  Twins "  (1814-74)- 
Under  "  Sibyl  "  we  recall  Burke's  epigram  about 
"  the  contortions  of  the  Sibyl,  without  the  in- 
spiration," which  has  been  traced  hi  our  pages- 
back  to  The  Spectator,  No.  160  (10  S.  viii.  426).. 
We  note  that  this  term  was  in  earlier  days  applied 
to  George  Eliot,  when  she  was  somewhat  solemnly' 
secluded  by  Lewes  from  the  vulgar  gaze.  Speci- 
mens of  this  usage  are  in  '  A  Look  round  Lite- 
rature,' B.  Buchanan,  1887.  He  says  on  p.  226  f 
"  We  left  the  Sibyl  to  her  meditations  "  ;  and 
on  p.  315,  "  What  I  saw  of  George  Eliot  personally 
confirmed  me  in  my  impression  that  the  sibylline 
business,  both  publicly  and  privately,  had  been 
overdone." 

Under  "  Sicilian  "  the  "  Sicilian  opening  (in? 
chess)  "  is  more  precisely  the  "  Sicilian  defence,"" 
as  appears  from  the  following  note  we  have  from 
Blackburne's  '  Games  of  Chess '  :  "In  the 
early  fifties,  and  even  up  to  the  beginning  of 
my  own  career  at  chess,  the  Sicilian  was  a  favour- 
ite answer  of  Black's."  We  believe  it  was  played 
by  Mi*.  Laaker  recently  in  the  last  of  his  games 
against  Janowski  for  the  championship. 

"  Sick  (longing)  for "  is  not  very  common' 

outside  Shakespeare,  but  is  twice  given  from 
Tennyson.  Keats  has  it  too,  in  a  passage  we 
cite  for  pure  pleasure  : — 

the  sad  heart  of  Ruth,  when,  sick  for  home, 
She  stood  in  tears  amid  the  alien  corn. 

*  Ode  to  a  Nightingale,'  vii. 

It  seems  rather  surprising  not  to  find  under- 
"  sicklied  "  a  well-known  use,  "  sicklied  o'er  with 
the  pale  cast  of  thought  "  ('  Hamlet,'  III.  i.  85). 
So  good,  indeed,  is  the  Dictionary  on  Shakespeare 
that  we  were  almost  led  to  suspect  that  the  text 
in  question  was  in  some  way  doubtful. 

"  Side  "  is  a  long  and  important  article,  and 
so  are  "  sight  "  and  "  sign."  "  Sightworthy  "  is 
a  useful  adjective  which  might  be  revived.  As 
there  is  no  poetical  quotation  for  "  silent,"  of 
persons,  in  the  nineteenth  century,  Keats's 
"  Thou,  silent  form,  dost  tease  us  out  of  thought  " 
('Ode  on  a  Grecian  Urn')  suggests  itself.  The 
same  poet's  "  silver-white  "  flowers  in  the  '  Ode- 
to  Psyche  '  might  be  noted  as  carrying  on  Shake- 
speare's charming  use  of  the  adjective  for  the 
cuckoo-flower  in  '  Love's  Labour's  Lost.'  For 
"  silver  "  of  later  Latin  Mr.  Jacobs's  '  -3Esop  ' 
and  our  own  columns  (1896)  are  quoted.  It  i& 
easy  for  a  classical  scholar  to  find  a  book -reference, 
e.g.,  Prof.  Gudeman  says  in  his  '  Latin  Literature 


160 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        rn  s.  iv.  AUG.  19, 1911. 


of  the  Empire,'  vol.  i.  p.  174,  that  Pliny  the  Elder 
"  furnishes  perhaps  the  most  typical  specimen 
of  Silver  Latinity." 

We  thank  the  editors  for  the  pleasure  and  profit 
we  have  derived  from  the  perusal  of  their  admir 
able  work. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES.  —  AUGUST. 

MESSRS.  HOLLAND  BROTHERS'  Birmingham 
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(published  at  21  guineas  net)i 

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ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
a,nd  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
lor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  oi 
disposing  of  them. 

A.  B.  BEAVEN. — Forwarded.         » 

M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR  ("Bough-pots"). — Ex- 
plained with  quotations  at  10  S.  x.  208,  257. 

CORRIGENDUM. — P.  84,  col.  1, 1. 34,  for  OITOV  read 
TTOV. 


us. iv. AUG. 26, i9ii.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


161 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  AUGUST  26,  1911. 


CONTENTS.— No.  87. 

NOTES  :— Birthplace  of  Matthew  Prior,  161  — Theses  by 
Mr.  Secretary  Thomas  Reid,  163— Stuart  :  Freeman  : 
Parry :  Pyke,  164— Scots  Guards  and  the  King's  Health- 
First  Earl  of  Lytton— Second  Duke  of  Gordon,  165—'  Mr. 
Barney  Maguire's  Account  of  the  Coronation,  1838'— 
Alexander  Pope  and  Rev.  Mather  Byles— Stockings,  Black 
and  Coloured,  166—"  Ware  and  Wadesmill,"  167. 

QUERIES : -Thirteenth— Barry  O'Meara— Newman's •  Paul 
of  Tarsus,'  167  — South  Carolina  Newspapers  — London 
Directories  of  Eighteenth  Century—'  Third  Motion  of  the 
Earth'— Per  centum— History  of  England  with  Riming 
Verses— Masonic  Drinking-Mug— Charlemagne's  Kindred, 
168— Lord  Chief  Justice,  Sheriff,  and  Ventilation— Aishe 
and  Gorges  Families-Sir  T.  Middleton— W.  J.  Linton— 
J.  Niandser— Sir  J.  Hare— T.  Hawes— Remington— J. 
Hering  — L.  Hill— "  Burway  "-E.  Jenner,  M.D.,  169— 
Gyp's  'Petit  Bob '— ' Ingoldsby  Legends':  Rebus— H. 
Watkins,  M.P.— Loyal  and  Friendly  Society  of  the  Blue 
and  Orange  —  Vicar  of  Wakefield  —  Lord  Beauchamp  — 
Bagstor  Surname — "  Tea  and  turn-out,"  170. 

REPLIES:  — Maida:  Regiments  De  Watteville  and  De 
Rolle,  171— King  George  V.'s  Ancestors— Misses  Dennett— 
Carracciolo  Family,  173— Warner=Capell  or  Abbott— Sir 
Nicholas  Arnold—"  De  La  "  in  English  Surnames—"  Vive 
la  Beige,"  174— Johnson  and  Tobacco— "  Swale,"  175  — 
Belgian  Coin  with  Flemish  Inscriptions  —  "  Kidkok  "— 
Royal  Exchange  —  "  Bed  of  roses  "—  Horses'  Ghosts  — 
Fives  Court,  176  —  The  King's  Turnspits  —  Rev.  Phocion 
Henley,  177— W.  M.  Thackeray— Touching  a  Corpse— Fox 
and  Knot  Street— Overing  Surname—"  Castles  in  Spain  " 
— Stonehenge  and  Merlin,  178— Charles  I. :  '  BibliaAurea ' 
— Dumbleton,  Place  Name  —  "  Gothamites  "  —  Halfacree 
Surname— The  Pope's  Position  at  Holy  Communion- 
Club  Etranger,  179. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS:-' The  Concise  Oxford  Dictionary '— 
'Some  Supposed  Shakespeare  Forgeries '—' The  Castles 
and  Walled  Towns  of  England.' 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


Jloies. 


THE  BIRTHPLACE  OF  MATTHEW 
PRIOR. 

FROM  time  to  time  questions  have  been 
asked  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  as  to  the  birthplace  of 
Matthew  Prior.  The  following  notes  may 
help  to  solve  the  difficulty. 

Dr.  Samuel  Johnson  in  his  '  Lives  of  the 
Poets,'  writing  about  Prior,  says  : — 

"  Matthew  Prior  is  one  of  those  who  have 
burst  out  from  an  obscure  original  to  great  emin- 
•ence.  He  was  born  July  21,  1664,  according  to 
«ome,  at  Winburn  in  Dorsetshire,  of  I  know  not 
what  parents  ;  others  say  that  he  was  the  son  of 
a  joiner  in  London  ;  he  was  perhaps  willing  enough 
to  leave  his  birth  unsettled,  in  hope,  like  Don 
Quixote,  that  the  historian  of  his  actions  might 
find  him  some  illustrious  alliance." 

In  a  note  the  great  lexicographer  adds  :  — 

"  The  difficulty  of  settling  Prior's  birthplace  is 
great.  In  the  register  of  his  College  he  is  called, 
at  his  admission  by  the  President,  Matthew 
Prior  of  Winburn  in  Middlesex ;  by  himself 
next  day  Matthew  Prior  of  Dorsetshire,  in  which 


county,  and  not  in  Middlesex,  Winborne ....  in  the 
'  Villare '  is  found.  When  he  stood  a  candidate 
for  his  fellowship,  five  years  afterwards,  he  was 
registered  again  by  himself  as  of  Middlesex. . .  .It 
is  observable  that,  as  a  native  of  Winborne,  he 
is  styled  Filius  Georgii  Prior,  generosi  ;  not 
consistently  with  the  common  account  of  the 
meanness  of  his  birth." 

In  Prof.  Mayor's  '  Admission  Registers 
of  St.  John's  Coll.,  Cambridge,'  published 
by  Deighton,  1893  (Part  II.  pp.  92-3),  we 
find 

a.  "  Matthseus  Prior,  Dorcestr.  (altered  by  a 
later  hand  to  Middlesexiensis)  filius  Georgii  Prior, 
generosi,  natus  infra  Winburn  in  praedicto 
comitatu,  atque  literis  institutus  in  schola  West- 
monasteriensi  sub  M'rp  Busby  per  triennium, 

admissus  est  pensionarius,  &c.  &c 2  Aprilis, 

1683." 

&.  "  Ego  Matthaeus  Prior,  Dorcesrnensis, 
juratus  et  admissus  sum  in  discipulum  huius 
collegii,  &c die  3io  Aprilis,  1683." 

c.  "  Ego  Matthaeus  Prior,  Middlesexiensis, 
juratus  et  admissus  sum  in  perpetu'  socium  hujus 
Coll.,  &c 3  April:  1688." 

As  a  matter  of  fact,  the  first  two  entries 
state  that  he  was  born  in  Dorset,  though  in 
one  of  these  by  a  later  hand  Dorset  is  altered 
to  Middlesex  to  correspond  with  the  third 
entry,  which  was  made  five  years  afterwards. 
In  this  last  entry  no  town  is  mentioned. 
A  writer  in  The  Gentleman's  Magazine 
for  1779  (vol.  xlix.  pp.  640-1)  states  that  by 
the  College  Statutes  only  two  Fellows  can 
be  chosen  from  a  county,  and  offers  the  sug- 
gestion that  if  there  were  already  two 
Dorset  Felloxvs  Prior  would  not  be  qualified 
for  election,  and  for  this  reason  probably 
entered  himself  as  belonging  to  Middlesex, 
which  was  the  county  of  his  residence, 
though  not  that  of  his  birth. 

In  the  'Index  Villaris'  (A.D.  1690)  there  is 
no  such  place  to  be  found  as  Wimborne  in 
Middlesex.  The  only  towns  or  villages  of 
the  name  are  Wimborn  All  Hallows,  Wim- 
born  Minster,  and  Wimborn  St.  Giles,  which 
are  all  in  Dorset. 

Hutchins  in  his  '  History  of  Dorset '  (1868 
Edition,  vol.  iii.,  p.  253)  says  : 

"  About  1727  (i.e.  some  six  years  only  after  the 
death  of  the  poet)  one  Prior  of  Godmanstone, 
a  labouring  man,  and  living  1755,  declared  to  a 
company  of  gentlemen,  where  Mr.  Hutchins  was 
present,  that  he  was  Mr.  Prior's  cousin,  and 
remembered  his  going  to  Wimborne  to  visit  him, 
and  afterwards  heard  that  he  became  a  great 
man.'' 

"  The  learned  Thomas  Baker,  B.D.,  once 
Fellow  of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  informed 
Mr.  Browne  Willis  that  he  (Prior)  was  borne  here 
(at  Wimborne,  Dorset)  of  mean  parents,  to  con^- 
ceal  which  he  entered  himself  at  college  as  of 
Wimborne,  co.  Middlesex." 

This  is  borne  out  by.  a  letter  written  three 
years  later  by  one  Conyers  Place  to  his  cousin 


162 


NOTES  AND  Q UERIES.       tu  s.  iv.  AUG.  *  mi. 


Dr.  Conyers  Middleton,  who  was  "  head 
librarian  "  of  the  University  Library  at 
Cambridge*  : — 

"  Dorchester,  Dorset. 

1730,  Dec.  7. 
Cousin  Middleton, 

Pursuant  to  your  request,  I  send  you  here  an 
account  of  Mr.  Prior's  parentage,  from  his  father's 
brother's  son  Christopher  Prior.  Mr.  Prior's 
grandfather  lived  at  Godminston  (Gpdmanstone), 
a  small  village  three  miles  from  this  town  ;  he 
had  five  sons  and  one  daughter  called  Mary, 
married  to  one  Hunt  of  Lighe,  a  village  eight 
miles  hence.  Thomas  and  George,  two  of  the 
brothers,  were  bound  apprentice  to  carpenters 
at  Fordington,  joined  to  this  town  ;  whence  they 
removed  to  Wimborne.  about  eighteen  miles 
hence  eastward,  where  Thomas  lived  and  died, 
and  where  George  the  father  of  Mr.  Prior  married, 
but  how  long  he  lived  there  I  cannot  find,  only  his 
wife,  Mr.  Prior's  mother,  lies  buried  at  Wimborne, 
or  by  it,  with  whom  I  heard  that  Mr.  Prior  desired 
to  be  buried  before  Westminster  Abbey  was  in  his 
eye.  That  Mr.  Prior  was  born  at  or  by  Wimborne 
I  find  because  Christopher  says  he  remembers 
his  cousin  Matthew  coming  over  to  Godwinston 
[sic]  when  a  boy  and  lying  with  him.  George,  his 
father,  after  his  wife's  death,  I  suppose,  moved  to 
London,  encouraged  by  his  brother  Arthur,  who 
had  succeeded  in  the  world  and  kept  the  Rummer 
Tavern  by  Charing  Cross,  the  great  resort  of  wits 
in  the  latter  end  of  King  Charles  the  Second's 
reign,  and  in  my  remembrance;  who  took  his 
nephew  to  wait  in  the  tavern,  from  which  time 
you  know  his  history." 

Arthur  Prior,  whose  will  was  proved  in 
1687,  left  to  his  "  cousin  Mathew  Prior,  now 
in  the  University  of  Cambridge,"  the  sum 
of  100Z.  He  left  5Z.  to  the  poor  of  Godmans- 
ton,  county  Dorset,  "  the  parish  where  I 
was  born." 

The  Godmanstone  parish  registers  date 
back  to  1650.  I  am  indebted  to  Dr.  Wick- 
harn  Legg  for  the  following  Prior  extracts 
from  them  : — 

Christopher  Pryor  and  Alice  Jankins  aforesaid 
did  ioyne  in  Marriage  on  the  30th  day  of  June, 
1654.  And  were  then  declared  Man  and  Wife  by 
Walter  Foy. 

1655.  George  Pryor,  ye  son  of  Christopher  Pryor, 
Labourer,  was  borne  the  29th  of  May. 

1674.  Widdow  Pryor  was  buried. 

1675/6.  Laurence  ye  son  of  Christopher  Prior  was 
baptised  Jan.  18th  (buried  Feb.  4). 

1686.  Christopher,  the  son  of  John  Hunt  of 
Leigh  and  M[ary]  his  wife,  was  baptised  May  7th. 

1697.  Christopher  Prior  and  Penelope  Barret 
were  married  July  llth. 

1705  6.  Christopher,  ye  son  of  Chris.  Prior, 
Bapt.  Jan.  1st. 

1712.  Mathias,  ye  son  of  Christopher  Prior, 
bapt.  Aug.  31st. 

1715.  Thos.,  ye  son  of  Christopher  Prior,  Bapt. 
Apr.  17th. 

*  See  Historical  MSS.  Commission,  Duke 
of  Portland's  MSS.  at  Welbeck,  vol.  vi.  pp.  33, 
34  (A.D.  1901). 


1717.  Christopher  Prior,  the  son  of  Christopher 
Prior,  was  buried  October  24. 

That  Matthew  Prior  was  known  to  be  of 
humble  extraction  may  be  inferred  from 
the  following  letter  written  by  Queen  Anne 
to  the  Earl  of  Oxford*  :— 

"1711.  Nov.    19 1    have   no    objection   to 

Mr.  Prior  then  what  I  mentioned  in  my  last,  for 
I  always  thought  it  very  wrong  to  send  people 
abroad  of  meane  extraction ;  but  since  you 
think  Mr.  Prior  will  be  very  usefull  at  this  time, 
I  will  comply  with  your  desire." 

From  the  following  lines  in  the  poet's 
'  First  Epistle  to  Fleetwood  Shepherd  * 
(dated  1689), 

So  at  pure  barn  of  loud  Non-con, 
Where  with  my  grannam  I  have  gone. 
When  Lobb  had  sifted  all  his  text, 
And  I  well  hop'd  the  pudding  next : 
Now  TO  APPLY,  has  plagued  me  more, 
Than  all  his  villain  cant  before, 

it  has  been  conjectured  that  Matthew  Prior 
was  brought  up  as  a  Non -conformist.  If  so, 
it  might  account  for  his  name  not  appearing 
in  the  Wimborne  parish  registers.  This 
loud-voiced  preacher,  whose  lengthy  dis- 
courses proved  to  be  so  wearisome  to  young 
Prior,  was  in  all  probability  the  Rev.  Stephen 
Lobb,  whose  relative  was  the  Rev.  John 
Greene  of  Wimborne,  and  who,  in  1681,  was 
minister  of  an  Independent  congregation  in 
Fetter  Lane.  (Of.  'Diet.  Nat.  Biog.,'  sub.  nom. 
Stephen  Lobb  and  Theophilus  Lobb  ;  also 
Hutchins's  'Dorset,'  vol.  iii.,  p.  229.) 

There  has  always  been  a  tradition  in  Wim- 
borne that  Matthew  Prior  was  born  here. 
Priors  are  not  yet  quite  extinct,  and  claim 
relationship.  Weld  Taylor,  in  an  article 
in  Longman's  Magazine  for  October,  1884,. 
speaks  of  an  old  lady,  a  Miss  Knott,  at  the 
time  when  she  gave  the  information  90  years 
of  age,  who  told  him  that  her  father  and  grand- 
father often  spoke  of  the  Priors'  occupancy 
of  a  house  (not  now  existing)  in  a  street 
originally  termed  Luke's  Lane,  but  now  called 
Prior's  Walk,  and  of  Matthew  frequently 
coming  out  of  the  door  which  there  then  was 
in  the  wall. 

The  evidence  seems  to  be  conclusive 
that  Matthew  Prior  was  a  Dorset  man,  a 
native  of  Wimborne  Minster,  though  his- 
family  migrated  to  London  in  the  days  of 
his  boyhood.  The  mystery  which  has 
hitherto  been  attached  to  the  place  of  his 
birth  appears  to  be  due  to  his  extreme 
sensitiveness  with  regard  to  the  humbleness 
of  his  origin,  and  his  consequent  reticence 
respecting  his  ancestry  and  the  locality  of 


*  Historical    MSS.    Commission,     Marquis    of, 
Bath's  MSS.  at  Longleat,  vol.  i..  (.1904),  p.  217. 


u  s.  iv.  AUG  26,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


163 


his  birth.  Perhaps  I  may  be  permitted  to 
refer  for  a  more  lengthy  discussion  of  the 
subject  to  a  paper  of  mine  published  in 
the  last  volume  of  the  Proceedings  of  the 
Dorset  Nat.  Hist,  and  Antiquarian  Field 
Club,  vol.  xxxi.  pp.  71-84  (1910). 

JAS.  M.  J.  FLETCHER. 
The  Vicarage,  Wiraborne  Minster. 


THESES  BY  MR.  SECRETARY  THOMAS 
REID. 

(See  7  S.  iii.  427.) 

MY  account  in  the  '  D.N.B.'  of  "this 
elegant  scholar  and  acute  philosopher " 
(as  he  is  styled  by  Sir  William  Hamilton) 
—  great-great-grand-uncle  of  his  better- 
known  namesake  —  gives  the  names  of 
seven  metaphysical  theses  sustained  under 
his  presidency,  while  he  was  a  docent  at  the 
University  of  Rostock  in  1609-10.  Three 
of  these  are  known  to  me  only  from  their 
appearing  in  a  reprinted  collection  : — 

Thomae    Rhaedi  |  Britanni  |  Philosophi     acutis- 
simi  |  Pervigi-  |  lia     metaphy-    |  sica     desidera-  | 
tissima.      Rostochi.    |   Prostant     apud     loannem 
Hallervordeum    Bibliopolam.     [1616  :       date     of 
Preface]. 

The  '  Pervigilia '  are  five  in  number, 
and  of  two  in  their  original  form  copies  are 
preserved  in  this  library  (with  a  third  lacking 
the  title-page),  presented  by  Reid  himself, 
and  annotated  in  his  handwriting.  The 
Rostock  University  Library  has  the  reprint 
of  1616,  but  none  of  the  separate  *  Pervi- 
gilia '  in  their  original  form.  I  wish  to 
discover  the  exact  dates  of  the  three  unseen 
theses,  and  the  names  of  their  respondents. 
Both  dates  and  names  are  omitted  in  the 
reprint.  I  append  a  note  of  the  titles,  so 
far  as  known  to  me  : — 

1.  Pervigilium  Lunae,  De  Oojecto  Metaphysics. 

2.  Pervigilivm  |  Mart  is,  |  Sev  |  Lucubrationum 
Metaphy sicarum  II.  |  De  Ente,  |  In  qua  evoluta 
ejus  essentia  non  minus  vera  &  san-  |  eta,  quam 
nova    &   paradoxa    ex   mysticis    Empedoclis    re- 
sponsis,   &  |  mentis  Aristotelicse  abysso  cruitur  ; 
contra  Platonem  &  Pythagoraeos,  &,  qui  illis  |  in 
hoc     dogmate     adhaesere,     Scholasticos,     partim 
demonstratipne,  |  partim  Adversariorum  confess- 
ione     stabilita ;      CuL     appendix  |  de     communi 
Cosmographorum  &  Nautarum  |  errore  in  tabulis 
hydrographicis  an-  |  nexa  est,   |  In  alma  Rosarum 
Academia     ad      examen  |  publicum      exhibita  | 
Preside  |  M.  Thoma  Rhaedo  Scoto,  |  Respondente 

I  loanne  Lavrenbergio  |  Guilielmi  F.  Rostoch.  | 
In  Auditorio  majore,  IV.  Eid.  lanuar.  1610,  sub  j 
horam  matutinam.  [  Rostochii  |  Typis  Reusneri- 
anis,  Anno  1610. 

3.  Pervigilium     Mercurii,     De     Proprietatibus 
Entis. 

4.  Pervigilium  Jovis,  De   Veritate  et   Bonitate 
Entis. 


5.  Pervigilium     Veneris  |  Sev  |  Lucubrationum 
Metaphysicarum     V.  |  De  |  Diversita-  |  te    Entis, 

|  Seu  de  distinctionibus  rerum  ;    In  qua  Veterum 
pla-  |  citis  ratione  prseeunte  ostenditur,   qua  re, 
quae    ratione    differant ;     &  |  Monachorum,    (qui 
ex  falsis  principiis  absonas  opinipnes,  quas   ne  | 
ipsi  quidem  intellexerunt,  de  distinctione  reali  & 
formal!  acciden-  |  tium  primi  intriyere,  &  ratione 
quaedam  differre,   qua  vere  non  differunt,  ab-  | 
surde  finxere)  incerta  dogmata,  qua?  inde  usq'  a, 
Scholasticae     Phi-  |  losophiae     primordiis     passim 
invaluerunt,    discutiuntur,  |  &    convelluntur,  |  In 
alma  Rosarum  Academia    pub  lice  examinanda  I 
Praeside  |  M.      Thoma      Rhaedo,  |  Respondente  | 
Heinone   Voglero   Hamb.  |  In    Auditorio   majorl 
horis     post  |  septimam      matutinis     14     lulij.  |. 
Rostochii  |  Typis  Reusnerianis,  Anno  MDCX. 

Of  the  other  two  theses,  not  included  in 
the  '  Pervigilia,'  the  titles  are  : — 

6.  De     Accidente     Proprio  |  Theore-  |  mata 
Philo  J  sophica,  |  Quibus     essentia    breviter     de- 
clarata      quaestipnes      etiam      dubise  |  enodantur, 
&   rationes    Philosophical   contra  Pro-  |  priorum 
Communicationem     a     Bel-  |  larmino,      Keeker* 
manno,      Gocle-  |  nio,      Timplero,     aliisque     ex- 
cogitatse  diluuntur.  |  In  inclyta  Rosarum  Acade- 
mia |  Prseside  |  M.  Thoma  Rhaedo  Scoto  |  publice 
defendenda  |  a  |  loanne    Brandes    Sonderburg-  | 
Holsat.  |  In  auditorio  majore  hora  sexta  matu» 
tina    inchoabitur    disputatio  |  5    Nonas    Maij.  | 
Rostochii  |  Literis  Reusnerianis  Anno  1600. 

7.  De    |    Obiecto    |    Metaphysicae    j    Dissertatio 
elenctica;  |  In    qua    Clarissimi     Viri,  |  Henningi 
Arnisaei  |  In     Illustri     Academia    Francofurtensi 
Professoris  |  &     Doctoris     Medici,  |  quee     contraj 
primam    nostram    lucubratipnem    Meta-  |  physi- 
cam    per    saturam     congessit,    argumenta    ra-  I 
tionis  luce  dissipantur,  veritatis  prius    assertse  [ 
fundamenta    confirmantur  :  |  In    alma     Rosarum, 
Academia    |    Publice    exammanda    |    Praeside    | 
Thoma      Rhaedo    Scoto   |    Respondente  |  Jodoca 
Rupenio    Hannovera-Saxone  |  6    &    9    Septemb., 
1610.  |  In  auditorio  majore  horis  post  |  septimam, 
matutmis.  |  Rostochii,  Typis  Reusnerianis,  Anno' 
1610. 

The  attack  by  Arnisaeus,  to  which  No.  7; 
was  a  reply,  is  entitled 

De   Subiecto   Metaphysicae   Veram   sententiam, 
A  Calumniis  &  Erroribus,  quos  autor  Pervigilij, 
Lunae,    vigilans    somniavit    vindicatam    Publicse. 
Eruditorum  censurae  &  examini  In  Illustri  Aca- 
demia Viadrina  subijcit  Henningus  Arnisa3us. . . , 
Typis  Friderici  Hartmanni  Bibliopola3  [1610J. 

To    Reid's    criticism  Arnisaeus  responded1 
in  a  volume  of  258  pages  : — 

Vindiciae  Secundum  Veritatem  pro  Aristotele 
&  Sanioribus  quibusque  Philosophis  Contra 
Acutissimi  Philosophi  M.  Thomae  Rhsedi  Scoti 
Pervigilia  &  dissertationem  Elencticam  De 
Subjecto  Metaphysicae  &  natura  Entis  assertge  ab 
Henningo  Arnisaeo ....  Francof  urti  Excudebat 
Andreas  Eichorn,  Sumtibus  Johannis  Thymii ; 
Anno  1611. 

All  these  prints  are  so  rare  that  it  seems, 
desirable  to  put  their  titles  on  record.     Any 
references  to  Reid  will  be  welcome. 

P.  J.  ANDEBSON, 

Aberdeen  University  Library. 


164 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [n  s.  iv.  AUG.  SM,  ion. 


STUART:    FREEMAN:  PARRY: 
PYKE. 

MB.  FRANCIS  H.  DAY,  Registrar  of  the 
Diocesan  Registry,  Rochester,  Kent,  has 
supplied,  through  Mr.  R.  J.  Beevor  of  St. 
Albans,  information  concerning  an 
"  allegation,  dated  4th  May,  1738,  by  Edmond 
Halley  of  Greenwich,  aged  40  years  and  a  bachelor, 
for  a  licence  of  marriage  in  the  parish  church  of 
Charlon  [?]  or  the  chapel  of  Mprden  College  (at 
Blackheath,  where  many  marriages  took  place) 
with  Sybilla  Freeman,  also  of  Greenwich,  aged 
40  years  and  a  widow.  The  name  is  spelt  '  Ed- 
mond,' but  is  only  signed  '  E.  Halley.'  " 

Mr.  Day  mentions  also  an 

•"  allegation  dated  30th  August,  1766,  by  John 
Parry  of  Greenwich,  gentleman,  a  widower,  for 
.a  licence  of  marriage  in  the  parish  church  of  Green- 
wich with  Ann  Watkins,  a  widow  of  Greenwich." 

The  Rev.  Henry  Lansdell,  D.D.,  Chaplain 
-of  Morden  College,  Blackheath,  finds  in  the 
marriage  registers  the  two  following  entries : 

"  1738,  May  4,  Edmond  Halley  and  Sybilla 
Freeman."  "  July  31,  1744.  John  Parry  of 
ye  parish  of  St.  Mildred,  Breadstreet,  London,  and 
Mary  Freeman  of  Greenwich  in  the  county  of 
Kent." 

Is  it  not  just  possible  that  Mrs.  Sybilla 
Freeman  of  Greenwich,  a  widow  aged  40 
years  in  1738,  may  have  been  born  in  Edin- 
burgh circa  1698,  and  may  have  been  related 
to  the  Sib  ilia  Stewart  who  was  interred  in 
Greyfriars'  Burying-ground,  "East  end 
Kirk,"  Edinburgh,  14  August,  1698  ?  (See 
•9S.  xii.  468;  11  S.  ii.  486.) 

It  is  evident  from  the  foregoing  that  Mrs. 
Sybilla  Freeman  had  at  least  one  child, 
a  daughter,  Mary  Freeman,  who  became 
the  first  wife  of  John  Parry,  31  July,  1744. 
There  may  have  been  other  children,  of  whose 
existence  some  trace  may  eventually  be 
recovered  from  the  parish  registers  of  Green- 
wich ante  1738.  John  Parry  and  Mary 
his  wife  had  at  least  three  children — John, 
Sybilla,  and  Sarah.  The  two  latter  are 
mentioned  in  the  will  of  their  maternal 
grandmother,  Mrs.  Sybilla  Halley  of  East 
Greenwich,  widow  (dated  1  May,  1771  ; 
proved  13  Nov.,  1772  .  P.C.C.,  reg.  Taver- 
ner,  fo.  406).  At  the  date  (1771)  of  this 
will  Sarah  Parry  was  under  age.  John 
Parry's  widow,  Mrs.  Anne  Parry  (formerly 
Watkins),  described  in  her  will  as  of  "  Gang 
Lane,  Greenwich "  (dated  25  Feb.,  1795  ; 
proved  29  Dec.,  1796  ;  P.C.C.,  reg.  Harris- 
fo.  631),  mentions  Sybella  Soper  and  Sarah 
Parry,  children  of  her  late  husband  John 
Parry.  The  latter  may  have  been  identical 
with,  or  a  son  of,  the  John  Parry  who  was 
a  witness  to  the  will  of  James  Pyke  of  Upper 


Moorfield,  in  the  parish  of  St.  Leonard, 
Shoreditch,  silk-dyer,  dated  18  July,  1750  ; 
proved  21  June,  1751  ;  P.C.C.,  reg'.  Busby, 
fo.  186.  The  testator  mentions  his  "  nephew 
William  Pyke  (son  of  brother  William  Pyke) 
and  Sarah  his  wife."  There  has  already 
been  recorded  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  a  marriage 
licence  issued  by  the  Vicar-General's  office, 
28  February,  1746,  to  William  Pyke  of  the 
parish  of  St.  Leonard,  Shoreditch,  aged 

25  years  and  a  bachelor  ;     and  Sarah  Day 
of  the  same  parish,  a  widow,  to  marry  in  the 
parish    church    of    St.    Bene't,    near    Paul's 
Wharf,  London  (see  11  S.  iii.  368,  388). 

The  marriage  register  of  St.  Bene't, 
Paul's  Wharf  (Harl.  Soc.,  vol.  xl.,  1911) 
shows  on  p.  168  this  entry  : — 

"  William  Pyke  of  St.  Leonard,  Shoreditch, 
Middx.,  B.,  and  Sarah  Day  of  the  same,  W. 
Feb.  28,  1746/7." 

On  p.  161  is  the  following  entry  : — 

"  Samuel  Parry  of  St.  Peter,  Cornhill,  London, 
B.,  and  Nanny  Freeman  of  St.  Mary  Staining, 
London,  S.  April  5,  1746." 

Sarah  Freeman,  William  Sharpe,  and 
Mary  Freeman  were  witnesses  to  the 
marriage  of  Sir  John  Arundel,  Kt.,  of 
Huntingdon,  co.  Huntingdon,  widower,  and 
Sarah  Anne  Sharpe  of  St.  Benedict,  Paul's 
Wharf,  spinster,  18  April,  1801  (ib.,  p.  253). 

I  wish  to  find  out  whether  Mrs.  Sarah 
Day  bore  the  maiden  surname  Freeman, 
and  whether  she  was  a  daughter  of  Mrs. 
Sybilla  Freeman  of  Greenwich.  I  seek  also 
to  determine  whether  or  not  William  Pyke 
of  St.  Leonard,  Shoreditch,  and  Sarah 
his  wife  had  issue  a  son  James,  born  circa 
1751,  and  a  daughter  (?  Mary)  who  married 
"a  M'Donald  of  Ireland"  (?  circa  1770). 
In  the  printed  register  of  St.  Peter,  Paul's 
Wharf  (Harl.  Soc.,  1909),  are  these  two 
baptismal  entries  : — 

"  1769,  June  11.  Hugh,  s.  of  James  and  Mary 
MacDonald,  born  June  1." 

"  1771,  Dec.  15.  James,  s.  of  James  and 
Mary  Macdonald,  bo.  Dec.  5." 

It  would  be  interesting  to  discover  the 
record  of  the  marriage  of  one  —  -  Freeman 
to  a  Sybilla  (?  Stuart),  and  of  his  will, 
ante  1738. 

Virtually  all  the  above  data  were  received 
from  Mr.  R.  J.  Beevor,  except  the  reference 
to  the  will  of  Mrs.  Anne  Parry  of  Greenwich, 
which  was  supplied  by  LIEUT. -CoL.  G.  S. 
PARRY  (see  11  S.  i.  286  ;  ii.  466). 

It  may  be  only  a  coincidence  that  the 
will  of  Thomas  Pyke  of  St.  John's,  Wapping, 
Middlesex  (dated  18  June,  1774  ;  proved 

26  Nov.,    1774,    P.C.C.),    mentions    "niece 


n  s.  iv.  AUG.  20,  mi.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


165 


Ann  Freeman  and  her  heirs.  .  .  .sister  Sarah 
Freeman,  widow  "  (see  10  S.  viii.  45). 

The  will  of  James  Freeman  of  the  parish 
of  St.  Botolph,  Aldersgate  Street  (dated 
30  Dec.,  1734  ;  proved  8  Jan.,  1734,  P.C.C., 
Ducie,  7),  is  witnessed  by  John  Pike  and 
John  Hocker. 

Toward  the  solution  of  our  problem 
sufficient  progress  has  been  made  to  permit 
the  adoption  of  a  working  hypothesis  which 
seems  to  fit  all  the  facts  and  traditions  (see 
9  S.  xi.  205  ;  xii.  468). 

Three  series  of  '  Extracts  from  British 
Archives  on  the  families  of  Halley,  Hawley, 
Parry,  Pyke,  &c.,'  appeared  in  The  Maga- 
zine of  History,  New  York,  1906-11,  and 
were  reprinted  in  pamphlet  form. 

The  writer  would  gratefully  receive  any 
additional  facts.  EUGENE  F.  McPiKE. 

135,  Park  Row,  Chicago. 


THE  SCOTS  GUARDS  AND  THE  KING'S 
HEALTH. — The  following  extract  from  The 
Jewish  Chronicle  ('Children's  Section')  of 
4  August  may  be  of  interest  to  readers  of 
'N.  &  Q.':— " 

"  At  every  military  mess  in  the  kingdom,  with 
one  exception,  the  toast  of  the  King  is  given 
after  dinner  each  day.  The  one  exception  is  the 
mess  at  St.  James's  Palace.  The  King's  Guard 
there  may  not  drink  the  health  of  the  reigning 
sovereign  unless  it  happens  to  be  the  regiment  of 
Scots  Guards  that  has  to  form  the  guard  ;  in  that 
case  that  corps,  and  only  that  one,  is  ordered 
to  drink  the  King's  health.  I  will  tell  you  the 
reason.  In  the  reign  of  William  III.  the  Scots 
Guards  were  supposed  to  be  in  favour  of  the 
Stuart  King  James  II.,  to  whose  throne  William 
III.  had  succeeded,  and  the  officers  of  the  regi- 
ment were  ordered  to  drink  to  the  health  of  the 
reigning  King,  William,  whilst  other  corps  were 
forbidden  to  do  so,  in  order  that  the  enforced 
loyalty  of  the  Scots  should  be  the  more  marked. 
At  this  time  the  Scots  Guards  were  also  forbidden 
the  use  of  finger-glasses  at  mess,  lest  when  the 
toast  of  '  The  King '  was  given  any  Jacobite 
officer  should  pass  his  wineglass  across  the  finger- 
bowl  and  thus  toast  the  King  '  over  the  water.' 
In  recollection  of  this  old  tradition  no  finger- 
glasses  are  allowed  to  this  day  at  the  mess  of  the 
Scots  Guards." 

HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 
39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennington  Lane. 

THE  FIRST  EARL  OF  LYTTON.— In  the 
crypt  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral  there  is  a 
memorial  tablet  to  the  first  Earl  of  Lytton, 
and  at  the  end  of  the  '  Personal  and  Literary 
Letters  of  Robert,  first  Earl  of  Lytton,' 
there  is  what  professes  to  be  a  copy  of  the 
inscription  ;  yet  there  are  some  strange 
differences  between  the  two. 

The  inscription  begins  :  "  Edward  Robert 
Bulwer-Lytton,  first  Earl  of  Lytton."  There 


is  a  hyphen  between  Bulwer  and  Lytton, 
which,*  whether  it  was  ever  used  by  the 
Earl  or  not,  was  never,  I  believe,  used  by 
his  father,  the  famous  novelist  ;  and  there 
is  no  hyphen  between  the  two  names  on  his 
tombstone  in  Westminster  Abbey.  The 
copy  of  the  inscription  begins  :  "  Robert 
Edward,  first  Earl  of  Lytton."  Here  we 
have  no  "  Bulwer-Ly tton* "  at  all,  and  the 
order  of  the  Christian  names  is  reversed. 
There  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  inscription 
is  right  on  this  point ;  but  it  was  decided  in 
the  Earl's  youth  that  he  should  be  called 
Robert  to  distinguish  him  from  his  father, 
although  the  latter  was  at  that  time  a 
baronet,  whilst  the  son  had  no  title.  The 
copy  also  omits  "  Viscount  Knebworth,'* 
and  sundry  letters. 

The  next  discrepancy  is  with  respect  to- 
the  Earl's  birth,  which  the  inscription  places 
in  1830,  whilst  the  copy  says  it  was  in  1831. 
On  this  point  the  copy  is  certainly  right  ; 
and  as  the  date  in  the  inscription  is  in 
Roman  figures,  with  nothing  after  it  in  the 
same  line,  it  would  be  easy  to  add  I  after 
the  XXX. 

The  inscription  next  tells  us  that  the  Earl 
entered  the  diplomatic  service  in  1850,  whilst 
the  copy  says  1849.  I  do  not  know  which 
is  right  here,  but  I  may  remark  that  in  1849 
young  Lytton  was  only  eighteen  years  old. 

Both  inscription  and  copy  agree  that  he 
was  Viceroy  of  India  from  1876  to  1880,  but 
there  is  a  verbal  difference  in  what  follows, 
The  inscription  says  :  "  From  1887  to  the 
day  of  his  death  Ambassador  at  Paris,  where 
he  died  November  24,  1891  ";  but  the  copy 
says  :  "  From  1887  to  1891  Ambassador  at 
Paris,  where  he  died  on  the  24th  of  Novem- 
ber." W.  A.  FROST. 
St.  Paul's  Cathedral. 

SECOND  DUKE  OF  GOBDON  :  A  CURIOSITY 
IN  BIBLIOGRAPHY. — I  venture  to  think  that 
my  experience  in  publishing  a  complete 
life  of  the  2nd  Duke  of  Gordon  (1678  ?-1728) 
and  his  sons  and  daughters  in  other  than  book 
form  may  interest  genealogists  and  be  useful 
to  bibliographers.  The  Duke  is  exceedingly 
interesting  as  having,  after  a  temporary 
support  of  Jacobitism — for  which  the  ballad- 
mongers  pilloried  him — saved  his  house 
by  declaring  finally  for  the  house  of  Hanover, 
although  his  son  Lord  Lewis  almost  undid 
the  work  of  regeneration.  Two  or  three 
years  ago  I  began  co-ordinating  the  numerous 
notes  I  had  collected  about  him,  and  the 
material  ultimately  snowballed  itself  into 
a  continuous  biographical  compilation  of 
90,000  words,  occupying  602  pages  of  manu- 
script. I  have  managed  to  get  it  all  in  print 


166 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        IIIB.IV.  AUG.  28,1911. 


by  distributing  it  over  forty  issues  of  five 
•different  newspapers,  the  assignment  being 
based  on  the  interest  attaching  to  the  par- 
ticular district  served  by  each  journal.  The 
•distribution  has  been  as  follows  : — 


MS. 


Journal. 


Subject. 
Second  Duke     1-90    Huntly  Express 


Date. 
30, 


{.Sept.  23,  30 
Oct.  14,  21, 
Nov.  4,  11, 


28, 
1910 


91-103  Ross-shire  Journal  Jan.  20,  1911 

104-124  Strathspey  Herald  Dec.  15,  22, 1910 

125-133  Ross-shire  Journal  Jan.  27,  1911 

134-140  Strathspey  Herald  Dec.  22,  1910 
141-157 


( Jan.  5,  12,  Feb.  2, 

158-301  Strathspey  Herald-  March  2,  16,  30, 
t  April  13,  27,  1911 


302-339 


>  27> 


340-367  Strathspey  Herald    May  11,  18, 1911 
368-371 


Second  372-446  Aberdeen   Weekly!  April  15,  22,  29, 

Duchess  Free  Press        /  May  6,  1911 

Duke's  447-456  Banff  shire  )  MOW.*,  i«  ion 

Family  Advertiser  f  March  16' 19n 

His  son  457-468  Aberdeen  Weekly  \M arf,i,  A   1011 

(Le-vis)  Free  Press        J 

„       463-483  Banffshire  \  „      .  «,„  1<m 

Advertiser  J  March  -3>  19 
„         „       484-540  Aberdeen  Weekly)  March  11, 18,  25, 

Free  Press        /  April  1,  1911 

His  son  541-602  Banffsbire  )  Feb.  23, 

(Adam)  Advertiser/     March  2,  9,  1911 

This  list  helps  to  show  the  enormous 
difficulties  facing  the  bibliographer  who 
attempts  to  catalogue  the  numerous  con- 
tributions to  family  history  now  in  progress 
among  provincial  papers,  much  of  it  never 
likely  to  see  the  comparative  accessibility 
of  book -form.  J.  M.  BULLOCH. 

118,  Pall  Mall,  S.W. 

'  MR.  BARNEY  MAGUIRE'S  ACCOCTNT  or 
THE  CORONATION,  1838.' — In  T.P.'s  Maga- 
zine for  August  I  see  a  reprint  of  this  ex- 
cellent '  Ingoldsby  Legend  '  with  annotations 
(dating  from  1902)  by  John  o'  London.  It 
is,  on  the  whole,  very  well  annotated,  and 
has  told  me  much  that  I  did  not  know  ; 
but  there  are  four  lines, 

And  Wellington,  walking  with  his  sword  drawn, 

talking 

To  Hill  and  Hardinge,  heroes  of  great  fame  ; 
And  Sir  de  Lacy,  and  the  Duke  Dalmasey 
<They  called   him   Sowlt   afore   he    changed   his 

name), 

which  need  an  extra  gloss.  To  c:  Sir  de 
Lacy "  is  appended  the  note,  "  Was  Sir 
de  Lacy  more  than  a  rhyme  ?  "  I  think 
he  was.  It  seems  to/me' that  there  is  no 
doubt  that  he  was  Sir  George  de  Lacy 
Evans,  who  fought  against  the  Carlists,  and 
who^was  made  a  K.C.B.  in  August,  1837. 

A.  FRANCIS  STEUART. 
79,  Great  King  Street,  Edinburgh.  £  jij^_^     ^ 


ALEXANDER  POPE  AND  THE  REV.  MATHER 
.-^It  seems  that  the  Rev.  Mather 
Byles  (1706-83),  when  a  young  man,  wrote 
a  complimentary  letter  to  Pope  from 
Boston,  7  October,  1727,  sending  him  some 
poems  ;  to  which  Pope  replied  that  it  had 
long  been  supposed  that  the  Muses  had 
deserted  the  British  Empire,  but  the  recep- 
tion of  this  book  of  poems  had  relieved  him 
of  his  sorrow,  for  it  was  evident  they  had 
only  emigrated  to  the  Colonies.  See  Buck- 
ingham's *  Specimens  of  Newspaper  Lite- 
rature,' i.  109- 11,  where  Byles's  letter  appears 
in  full.  RICHARD  H.  THORNTON. 

36,  Upper  Bedford  Place,  W.C. 

STOCKINGS,  BLACK  AND  COLOURED.— 
This  I  read,  or  reread,  a  few  weeks  ago  in 
that  admirable  collection  of  interesting  matter 
which  is  entitled  '  The  Everyday  Book  '  : — 

Women's  Blacks '....  is  the  name  of  the 
common  black  worsted  stockings,  formerly  an 
article  of  extensive  consumption  ;  they  are  now- 
little  made  because  little  worn.  One  of  the 
greatest  wholesale  dealers  in  '  women's  blacks  ' 
in  a  manufacturing  town  was  celebrated  for  the 
largeness  of  his  stock  ;  his  means  enabled  him 
to  purchase  all  that  were  offered  to  him  for  sale, 
and  it  was  his  favourite  article.  He  was  an  old- 
fashioned  man,  and  while  the  servant-maids  were 
leaving  them  off,  he  was  unconscious  of  the 
change,  because  he  could  not  believe  it ;  he  insisted 
it  was  impossible  that  household  work  could 
be  done  in  '  white  cottons.'  Offers  of  quantities 
were  made  to  him  at  reduced  prices,  which  he 
bought  ;  his  immense  capital  became  locked  up 
in  his  favourite  '  women's  blacks  '  ;  whenever 
their  price  in  the  market  lowered,  he  could  not 
make  up  his  mind  to  be  quite  low  enough  ;  his 
warehouses  were  filled  with  them  ;  when  he  deter- 
mined to  sell,  the  demand  had  wholly  ceased  ; 
he  could  effect  no  sales  ;  and  becoming  bankrupt 
he  literally  died  of  a  broken  heart — from  an 
excessive  and  unrequited  attachment  to  '  women's 
blacks.'  " — Vol.  i.  p.  454. 

The  paragraph  is  probably  more  amusing 
to  me  than  it  would  have  been  if  the  ill- 
judging  tradesman  had  been  an  ancestor 
of  mine  own  ;  but,  in  any  case,  it  surprises 
me  to  find  that  women's  blacks  were  out  of 
fashion  about  1825,  when  '  The  Everyday 
Book '  first  appeared,  inasmuch  as  I  dis- 
tinctly remember  they  were  worn  in  "  the 
forties  "  by  our  family  nurse  and  by  other 
servants  in  my  father's  house,  who,  I  feel 
sure,  would  not  have  considered  themselves 
fitly  attired  for  work  in  white  cotton  hose. 
Did  the  good  sober  sense  of  early  Victorian 
times  check  the  advance  towards  inutility 
and  incongruity  made  by  the  Georgian  age  ? 
When  I  first  joined  the  nineteenth  century, 
men  wore  blue -tin ted  stockings,  and 
children  white  socks,  while,  unless  I  mistake, 
their  mothers  concealed  limbs  that  were 


ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  26,  ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


167 


also  chastely  encased  in  white.  Perhaps 
it  was  not  until  the  present  Queen  -Mother 
blessed  our  shores  that  black  hose  came 
into  general  favour  ;  at  this  time  all  kinds 
of  hues  are  exhibited,  and  I  do  not  know 
whether  the  fair  sex,  or  the  other,  makes 
the  more  brilliant  show  of  footgear.  As 
regards  "  golden  lads  "  I  am  tempted  to 
parody  Suckling  :  — 

Their  feet  beyond  the  trousers'  verge  — 

Upturned  —  like  butterflies  emerge, 
All  eager  for  the  light  ; 

And  oh,  they  are  so  crudely  gay  ! 

No  harlequin  on  Boxing  Day 
Is  half  so  strange  a  sight. 

And  yet  I  learn  from  The  Daily  Sketch 
(31  July)  that  King  George  V.  is  contenting 
himself  with  black  socks,  which  the  para- 
graph-writer assures  me  are  of  good  quality. 

ST.  " 


"  WARE  AND  WADESMILL  :  WORTH  HALF 
LONDON."  —  This  expression,  of  unknown 
age,  always  seems  to  be  inaccurate  in  its 
allusion  to  the  second  place  —  Wadesmill. 
Should  it  not  run  "  Ware  and  Westmill  : 
worth  half  London  "  ?  Wadesmill  can  never 
have  been  a  place  of  any  size  or  importance, 
besides  being  in  the  adjoining  parish  of  Thun- 
dridge,  whereas  Westmill  was  the  hamlet  of 
Ware,  and  would  naturally  fall  into  the 
saying. 

As  I  have  stated,  the  date  of  its  origin 
is  unknown,  but  I  scarcely  think  it  is  of  any 
high  antiquity.  The  popular  opinion  is  that 
it  is  derived  from  the  story  told  of  Saher 
de  Quincy,  Earl  of  Winchester,  who  lived 
in  the  reign  of  John.  He  is  stated  to  have 
resided  at  Ware  Park,  and  taking  an  in- 
terest in  the  town  as  a  landowner,  he  observed 
that  a  massive  padlocked  iron  chain  was 
placed  across  the  bridge  over  the  Lea,  in 
order  that  traffic  might  be  diverted  through 
Hertford,  the  Bailiff  of  which  town  held 
the  keys,  and  received  the  tolls,  valued  at 
10?.  13^.  4d.  per  annum.  Saher  freed  tra- 
vellers from  this  exaction  by  the  simple 
process  of  breaking  the  chain,  and  thus  made 
Ware  a  great  thoroughfare  and  brought  much 
trade  to  the  town. 

Even  in  the  troublous  reign  of  John, 
when  might  frequently  passed  for  right, 
such  a  flagrant  violation  of  the  privilege  of 
the  adjoining  borough,  and  loss  to  its  revenue, 
can  scarcely  have  passed  unchallenged. 

rather  doubt  whether  the  story  will 
bear  investigation;  but,  if  its  truth  is 
assumed,  the  point  of  interest  is  :  Did  this 
action  make  Ware  so  prosperous  as  to  give 
rise  to  the  saying  ?  I  think  not.  I  find 
that  during  the  Tudor  and  Stuart  periods 


many  travellers  spent  the  night  at  Ware 
on  their  journeys  to  London,  but  this, 
while  a  source  of  considerable  profit,  would 
scarcely  so  enrich  the  town  as  to  make  it 
remarkable  for  its  wealth.  I  think  that 
what  made  Ware  a  town  of  prosperous 
merchants  was  the  malting  industry,  which 
seems  to  have  attained  to  the  zenith  of  its 
prosperity  about  a  century  ago.  But  for 
some  three  centuries  the  maltsters  did  well. 
No  other  town  possessed  such  a  number  of 
extensive  meltings,  and  the  profits  in  olden 
times  were  very  large.  It  is  reasonable, 
therefore,  to  assume  that  the  saying  arose 
some  time  in  the  seventeenth  century, 
probably  in  the  first  half  of  that  period. 

W.  B.   GERISH. 
Bishop's  Stortford. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 

THIRTEENTH. — Under  this  word  as  sb. 
the  (American)  '  Century  Dictionary '  has 
"1.  One  of  thirteen  equal  parts  into  which 
anything  is  divided.  2.  In  early  Eng.  law, 
a  thirteenth  part  of  the  rents  of  the 
year  or  of  movables,  or  both,  granted  or 
levied  by  way  of  tax."  No  examples  of 
this  sense  2  have  come  under  our  notice. 
Were  thirteenths  ever  actually  levied  ? 
Where  are  they  mentioned  ? 

J.  A.  H.  MURRAY. 
Oxford. 

BARRY  O'MEARA,  NAPOLEON'S  SURGEON 
AT  ST.  HELENA. — I  should  be  very  much 
obliged  if  any  of  your  readers  could  give 
me  some  particulars  of  the  father  of  Barry 
O'Meara,  who  was  surgeon  to  Napoleon  at 
St.  Helena.  ST.  PATRICK. 

Peking. 

F.  W.  NEWMAN'S  '  PAUL  OF  TARSUS.' — 
Writing,  towards  the  end  of  his  life,  to  Anna 
Swanwick,  Francis  William  Newman  ex- 
presses himself  thus  :  "  If  I  live  through 
this  year,  I  hope  to  effect,  by  aid  of  a  friend's 
eyes,  a  third ....  edition  of  my  '  Paul  of 
Tarsus.'  '  This  sentence  is  quoted  as 
"from  Miss  Bruce's  'Memoir  of  Recollec- 
tions of  Anna  Swanwick'"  on  p.  343  of 
'  Memoir  and  Letters  of  Francis  W.  New- 
man,' by  I.  Gib  erne  Sieveking  (London, 
1909),  Did  the  fore  -  shadowed  "  Third 


168 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [n  s.  iv.  AUG.  s»,  1911. 


Edition"  ever  appear  ?  I  have  never  met 
with  it,  nor,  indeed,  with  either  the  first  or 
the  second  edition,  unless  their  identity  has 
been  concealed  under  another  title. 

CHARLES  HIGHAM. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA  NEWSPAPERS. — Can  any 
reader  tell  me  if  any  of  the  following  are  to 
be  found  on  file  at  the  British  Museum  or 
in  any  other  library  in  London  ? 

The  South  Carolina  Gazette,  1732  to  1774. 

The  South  Carolina  Gazette  and  Country  Journal, 
1766  to  1774. 

The  South  Carolina  Weekly  Gazette,  1732,  1733. 

The  South  Carolina  Weekly  Journal  (published 
probably  previous  to  The  S.  C.  Gazette). 

QUIEN  SABE. 

LONDON  DIRECTORIES  OF  THE  EIGHTEENTH 
CENTURY. — Is  there  any  collection  of  London 
Directories,  accessible  to  the  public,  which 
goes  back  as  far  as  the  last  quarter  of  the 
eighteenth  century  ?  The  period  for  which 
I  wish  to  consult  them  is  from  about  1770 
tblSlO.  J.  R.  F.  G. 

CAPT.  DRAYSON'S  '  THIRD  MOTION  OF  THE 
EARTH.' — The  following  advertisement  ap- 
peared in  Jackson's  Woolwich  Journal  from 
August  to  December,  1859  (published  by 
W.  P.  Jackson,  Woolwich)  :  — 

Just  published.     Price  os.     Free  by  Post. 

The  Third  Motion  of  the  Earth,  which  solves 
the  following  mysterious  facts,  viz.  the  formation 
of  Coal  Beds  ;  the  remains  of  Elephants,  Alli- 
gators, &c.,  in  England,  and  other  northern 
climates  ;  of  tropical  terms  in  northern  regions  ; 
the  retrograde  motion  of  the  Satellites  of  Uranus  ; 
the  sun  standing  still  mentioned  in  Joshua  ;  the 
shadow  departing  from  the  sun  dial  of  Ahaz  ; 
the  Statements  of  the  Ancient  Egyptians  ;  the 
Precession  of  the  Equinox,  &c. 

By  Captain  A.  W.  Drayson,  Royal  Artillery. 
Sold  by  W.  P.  Jackson,  Thomas  Street,  Woolwich. 

There  is  no  copy  of  the  volume  in  the 
British  Museum,  the  Bodleian  Library, 
or  at  the  Royal  Observatory,  Greenwich. 
I  shall  be  glad  of  information  about  the 
book.  (Major)  J.  H.  LESLIE. 

31,  Kenwood  Park  Road,  Sheffield. 

PER  CENTUM  :  ITS  SYMBOL. — A  question 
has  been  raised  as  to  whether  the  true 
meaning  of  the  symbol  %  is  "  per  centum  " 
or  "per  centum  per  annum."  I  have  been 
searching  for  its  derivation,  and,  according 
to  Webster,  the  symbol  "is  a  cursive 
variation  of  -4-  the  sign  of  division  ;  thus 
six  per  cent  may  be  expressed  by  T£TT  or 
6  -r-  100,  or,  without  indicating  the  denomi- 
nator, 6  -7-  whence,  in  rapid  writing,  6  %  or 


This  seems  rather  far-fetched,  and  it  has 
been  suggested  that  it  is  more  likely  to  be  an 
abbreviation  of  "  per  cento,"  which  I  believe 
was,  in  old  account-books,  often  written 
"  P.  cento,"  and  suggests  that  it  might 
have  been  written  P/-  o,  and  so  got  to  %. 

I  shall  be  grateful  for  information  on  the 
point,  H.  D.  O'NEILL. 

HISTORY  or  ENGLAND  WITH  RIMING 
VERSES. — In  the  early  part  of  the  last 
century  there  was  a  History  of  England  for 
children,  with  at  the  beginning  of  each 
reign  verses,  of  which  I  can  only  remember 
a  few,  thus  : — 

William  the  First,  as  the  Conqueror  known, 
By  the  battle  of  Hastings  ascended  the  throne  ; 
His  laws  were  all  made  in  the  Norman  tongue, 
And  at  eight  every  evening  the  Curfew  was  rung,. 

•fee. 

William  called  Rufus,  from  having  red  hair, 
Of  virtues  possessed  but  a  moderate  share,  &c. 
Then  London  was  paved  that  the  streets  might 

look  pretty, 
And  houses  were  no  longer  thatched  in  the  City. 

If  any  one  has  a  copy,  will  he  kindly 
supply  the  rest  and  give  me  the  exact  title 
of  the  book  ?  (Rev.)  CAMPBELL  LOCK. 

Ashknowle,  Whitwell,  Ventnor. 

[Various  riming  verses  on  English  history  are 
discussed  at  10  S.  i.  80  ;  iv.  510  ;  v.  31,  77,  194  ;. 

x.  228.] 

MASONIC  DRINKING-MUG. — I  was  recently 
shown  a  peculiar  earthenware  mug  with 
single  handle,  having  a  capacity  of  nearly 
a  quart.  The  outside  is  decorated  with 
Masonic  emblems,  a  temple,  and  figures  of 
Truth  and  Justice  ;  inside,  near  the  bottom, 
a  brown  frog  is  attached.  The  frog  is  not 
apparent  until  the  contents  are  nearly 
exhausted,  and  being  hollow,  upon  ita 
coming  into  \iew,  a  whistling  begins,  con- 
tinuing so  long  as  any  liquor  passes  through. 
Upon  the  bottom  of  the  mug  is :  "  J. 
Phillips,  Sunderland  Pottery."  Can  any 
reader  say  if  this  was  the  pottery  shown 
in  old  views  of  the  original  bridge  across  the 
Wear  (opened  by  Rowland  Burdon  at  the 
end  of  the  eighteenth  century),  and  the 
probable  date  of  the  mug  ? 

CHARLES  S.  BURDON. 

CHARLEMAGNE'S  KINDRED. — Drogo,  Count 
of  the  French  Vexin,  who  married  Godgifu, 
daughter  of  King  yEthelred,  was  reputed, 
according  to  Orderic,  to  be  "  de  prosapia 
Caroli  Magni."  Can  any  one  state  the 
foundation  of  this  claim  ? 

FRANCIS  P.  MABCHANT, 

Streatham  Common. 


us. iv. -AUG. 26, ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


169 


THE  LORD  CHIEF  JUSTICE,  THE  SHERIFF, 
AND  VENTILATION. — In  a  newspaper  lately 
I  saw  an  account  of  Lord  Chief  Justice  Cock- 
burn  fining  a  Sheriff  500/.  for  closing  a 
window  which  had  been  opened  for  ventila- 
tion. No  dates  or  places  are  given,  and  the 
incident  is  not  referred  to  in  the  life  of  the 
Lord  Chief  Justice  in  the  '  D.N.B.' 

May  I  ask  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  the 
name  of  the  Sheriff  and  the  place  where  the 
incident  happened  ?  E.  R. 

AISHE  AND  GORGES  FAMILIES. — Collinson, 
in  his  '  History  of  Somerset,'  vol.  ii.  p.  317, 
states  that 

"  John  Aishe,  Esq.,  of  Chelvey  Manor,  married 
Isabel,  daughter  of  Sir  Edward  Gorges,  Kt.,  of 
Wraxall,  and  sister  of  Anne,  wife  of  Edward  Tynte, 
Esn  ,  who  purchased  this  manor  of  John  Aishe, 
and  was  buried  in  the  parish  church." 
In  the  '  Historical  and  Genealogical  Register' 
for  January,  1875,  there  appeared  a  pedigree 
of  the  Gorges  family  compiled  by  the  late 
Rev.  Frederick  Brown,  M.A.,  F.S.A.  (for- 
merly rector  of  Nailsea,  Somerset),  but  in  it 
there  is  no  record  of  this  marriage.  Is 
there  any  other  authority  for  it  than  Collin- 
son ?  D.  K.  T. 

SIR  THOMAS  MIDDLETON. — Can  any  corre- 
spondent of  '  N.  &  Q.'  give  me  the  lineage 
of  Sir  Thomas  Middleton  and  the  name  of  his 
wife,  by  whom  he  had  a  daughter  Con- 
stantia  Middleton,  married  first  to  Sir  Roger 
Burgoyne,  Bart.,  and  secondly  to  Chris- 
topher, son  of  Sir  Christopher  Wren. 

WM.  JACKSON  PIGOTT. 

W.  J.  LINTON  :  HENRY  LINTON. — I  have 
some  early  volumes  of  The  Magazine  of  Art 
(1854),  some  of  the  woodcuts  being  signed 
W.  J.  Linton  and  some  Henry  Linton. 
Can  you  tell  me  whether  the  latter  was 
related  to  W.  J.  Linton,  or  give  me  any 
information  about  him  ?  T.  W. 

[Dr.  Garnett  in  his  notice  of  W.  J.  Linton  in 
the  Supplement  to  the  '  D.N.B.'  says  that  Henry 
Duff  Linton  was  William's  younger  brother,  and 
associated  with  him  in  many  of  his  earlier  pro- 
ductions.] 

JOHN  NIANDSER,  c.  1414. — I  should  be 
glad  to  add  to  my  knowledge  of  a  mediaeval 
worthy  (or  im-worthy  !)  named  Niandser, 
Neanser,  Nyauncer,  &c.,  who  comes  under 
notice  in  Stow's  'Chronicles'  in  connexion 
with  the  murder  of  John  de  Tibbay,  Arch- 
deacon of  Huntingdon  and  Chancellor  to 
Queen  Joan,  the  affair  taking  place  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  this  church  in  1414. 
According  to  a  note  in  the  '  Testamenta 
Eboracensia,'  iii.  40,  Niandser  was  husband 


of  Margaret,  the  widow  of  Roger,  Lord 
Scrope  of  Bolton.  He  is  styled  esquire, 
of  co.  Nottingham,  in  a  reference  on  the 
Patent  Roll  of  1410,  though  a  reference  of 
1414  (one  of  two  in  connexion  with  his 
forfeiture  for  the  a  ove  and  another  crime 
of  violence)  names  him  (as  John  Niandesergh) 
as  of  Niandesergh,  Westmorland,  esquire  also. 

WILLIAM  McMuRRAY. 
St.  Anne  and  St.  Agnes,  Gresham  Street,  E.C. 

SIR  JOHN  HARE,  eldest  son  of  John  Hare 
of  Abbotsley,  Hunts,  was  called  to  the  bar 
at  the  Middle  Temple  17  June,  1647.  Who 
was  his  mother,  and  when  did  he  die  ? 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

THOMAS  HAWES  became  Rector  of  Chilton 
Foliatt,  Wilts,  in  1709.  I  wish  to  ascertain 
the  date  of  his  death,  and  should  be  glad  to 
know  if  he  held  any  other  preferments. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

HEMINGTON. — Henry  and  George  Reming- 
ton were  admitted  to  Westminster  School 
in  1724,  aged  10  and  8  respectively.  Can 
correspondents  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  help  me  to 
identify  them  ?  G.  F.  R.  B. 

JULIUS  (?  JULINES)  HERING  was  admitted 
to  Westminster  School  in  October,  1720, 
aged  11.  Any  information  about  him  would 
be  of  use.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

LANGLEY  HILL  was  admitted  to  West- 
minster  School  in  September,  1722,  aged  7. 
Particulars  of  his  parentage  and  career, 
and  the  date  of  his  death,  are  required. 

G.  F.  R.  B, 

"BURWAY." — On  the  Surrey  side  of  the 
Thames,  opposite  Laleham,  Middlesex,  is 
a  tract  of  land  known  as  Laleham  Burway  ; 
it  contains  some  ancient  earthworks,  Roman 
or  British.  What  is  the  meaning  of  "  Bur- 
way  "  ?  FREDERIC  TURNER. 

Egham. 

EDWARD  JENNER,  M.D.,  AND  THOMAS 
JENNER,  D.D. — In  a  catalogue  of  Jenner 
memorials  collected  by  Mr.  F.  Mockler,  and 
exhibited  at  Bristol  in  1893,  it  is  stated : — 

"  There  are  six  half-length  oil  portraits. 
That  of  Thomas  Jenner,  President  of  Magdalen 
College,  Oxford,  ancestor  of  Edward,  is  very  well 
executed — probably  by  Kneller  or  one  of  his 
pupils.  Then  there  are  portraits  of  his  sister, 
Elizabeth ;  his  nieces,.  Mary  and  Elizabeth ; 
his  son,  the  Rev.  Stephen  Jenner,  Vicar  of  Berke^ 
ley  ;  and  of  his  son,  the  illustrious  Dr.  Edward 
Jenner,  the  great  discoverer." 

The  published  pedigree  of  Jenner  does 
not  show  any  connexion  between  the  two 


170 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  26, 1911. 


families.  Edward's  father  the  Rev.  Stephen 
Jenner,  the  Vicar  of  Berkeley,  who  was  a 
contemporary  of  the  President  of  Magdalen, 
was  the  son  of  another  Stephen,  the  direct 
descent  of  Edward  being  through  a  line  of 
four  Stephens.  What  authority  is  there 
for  the  statement,  which  occurs  several 
times  in  the  catalogue,  that  Dr.  Thomas 
Jenner  was  an  ancestor  ? 

R.  J.  FYNMORE. 
Sandgate,  Kent. 

GYP'S  '  PETIT  BOB  '  :  "  ROBE  EN  TOILE  A 
VOILE." — In  Gyp's  '  Petit  Bob  '  most  of  the 
sketches  are  preceded  by  a  description  of  the 
dress  worn  by  the  eight-year-old  hero.  In 
"  Bob  chez  lui  "  he  wears  a  "  robe  anglaise 
en  toile  a  voile,  a  grand  col  marin  tres 
decollete."  What  is  the  exact  meaning  of 
"  robe  en  toile  a  voile  "  ?  I  take  it  that  some 
kind  of  frock,  not  a  mere  overall,  is  intended, 
as  when  Bob  is  asked  to  give  his  definition  of 
"la  tenue,"  he  includes  in  it — "pas  faire 
de  taches  a  sa  robe.... pas  mettre  mes 
jambes  en  1'air,"  &c. 

Possibly  "  anglaise  "  is  a  misconception, 
as  some  French  writers  seem  to  have  rather 
incorrect  ideas  of  English  boys'  dress.  A 
few  years  ago  I  saw  in  a  French  paper  an 
allusion  to  the  "English"  custom  of  dressing 
boys  in  socks  instead  of  stockings  with 
knickerbockers — an  inversion  of  the  facts  ; 
and  Daudet's  "Jack,"  when  in  Highland  cos- 
tume, is  described  as  "  habille  a  1' anglaise." 
In  1882,  when  '  Petit  Bob  '  seems  to  have 
been  published,  English  boys  of  eight 
certainly  did  not  wear  frocks  of  any  kind. 

G.   H.  WHITE. 

St.  Cross,  Harleston,  Norfolk. 

'INGOLDSBY  LEGENDS  ' :  REBUS. — In  '  My 
Letters,'  in  '  The  Ingoldsby  Legends,'  is  a 
rebus  beginning  : — 

My  first  is  followed  by  my  second, 
Yet  should  my  first  my  second  see 
A  dire  mishap  it  would  be  reckoned, 
And  sadly  shocked  my  first  would  be. 

There    are    two    more    couplets.     Can    any 
reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  supply  the  answer  ? 

WlLLOUGHBY    MAYCOCK. 

HENRY  WATKINS,  M.P.  1712.— I  should 
be  very  thankful  for  information  about  the 
family  or  descendants  of  Henry  Watkins, 
Latin  secretary  to  the  great  Duke  of  Marl- 
borough,  Judge  Advocate  to  the  Army  in 
Flanders,  secretary  to  the  Duke  of  Ormond 
and  to  the  Embassy  at  the  Hague,  and 
Member  of  Parliament  for  Brackley,  North- 
amptonshire, 1712,  or  a  little  later.  The 
correspondence  addressed  to  him  in  my 


possession  proves  that  he  was  on  intimate 
;erms  with  important  men  of  his  time.  I 
jannot  find  mention  of  him  in  the  *  Dic- 
tionary of  National  Biography.'  His  father 
was  rector  of  a  village  in  Warwickshire  ; 
lis  brother  Capt.  Fleetwood  Watkins  left 
sons  and  two  daughters.  His  sister 
was  married  to  Sir  Matthew  Decker,  a  •well- 
mown  merchant  and  member  of  "  The 
African  Company."  The  Misses  Blathwayt 
are  spoken  of  as  his  cousins.  Information 
as  to  the  date  of  his  death,  the  place  of  his 
burial,  and  particularly  his  descendants, 
will  be  thankfully  received  by 

GEORGE  MACKEY. 
Stratford  House,  Highgate,  Birmingham. 

LOYAL,  AND  FRIENDLY  SOCIETY  OF  THE 
BLUE  AND  ORANGE. — I  shall  be  glad  of  any 
details  of  this  old  English  body  (which  was 
earlier  than,  and  distinct  from,  the  Orange 
Order  of  our  day)  ;  also  of  information  about 
any  other  body  founded  to  advocate  similar 
Drinciples.  WILLIAM  MACARTHUR. 

Dublin. 

THE  VICAR  OF  WAKEFIELD. — Has  any 
•eason  ever  been  suggested  for  locating  the 
'great  Dr.  Primrose  "  at  Wakefield  ?  And 
s  it  a  mere  coincidence  that  Thornhill  (the 
squire's  name  in  that  story)  is  only  a  few 
niles  from  Wakefield  ?  W.  T.  LYNN. 

Blackheath. 

LORD      BEATJCHAMP,      1741.  —  Allibone's 

Dictionary,'     1888,     contains     the     entry  : 

'  Beauchamps,  Lord. — Con.  to  Phil.  Trans., 

L741."      Who  was  this  Lord  Beauchamps  or 

Beauchamp  ?  FREDK.  A.  EDWARDS. 

39,  Agate  Road,  Hammersmith,  W. 

BAGSTOR  SURNAME. — In  a  handbook  on 
proper  names  my  family  name  Bagster 
appears  as  merely  a  variant  of  Baxter,  but 
our  name  until,  I  think,  the  fifth  generation 
back  was  spelt  Bagstor.  Would  this  in- 
dicate another  derivation  ?  What  is  the 
origin  of  stor  ?  S.  S.  BAGSTER. 

Higher  Turnpike,  Marazion,  Cornwall. 

"  TEA  AND  TURN-OUT." — Some  twenty 
years  ago,  when  the  fashion  of  having 
afternoon  tea,  instead  of  the  older  way  of 
sitting  to  table  as  for  a  meal,  was  being 
introduced  into  an  out-of-the-way  place, 
an  elderly  lady  said  to  me  :  "  It  is  no  better 
than  tea  and  turn-out."  I  have  never  heard 
the  expression  since,  but,  on  looking  into 
The  European  Magazine  for  May,  1823, 
p.  419,  I  find  it.  Mentioning  the  lavish  way 
in  which  English  people  provided  meat  and 


ii s. iv. AUG. 26, mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


171 


drink  for  their  guests,  the  article  says : 
"ftWe  all  know  what  jeers  and  ridicule  the 
tea  and  turn-out  system  had  to  bear  with 
when  it  was  first  attempted."  What  is  the 
origin  of  the  phrase  ?  DIEGO. 


fleplus. 

MAIDA :  REGIMENTS  DE  WATTEVILLE 

AND  DE  ROLLE. 

(11  S.  iv.  110.) 

THE  61st  Regiment,  mentioned  in  the  REV. 
E.  L.  H.  TEW'S  query,  was  represented  at 
Maida  by  its  two  flank  companies,  included 
in  the  two  provisional  battalions,  of  Grena- 
diers and  Light  Companies  respectively, 
there  engaged.  The  whole  battalion  was 
subsequently  employed  in  Calabria  (1806). 

Sir  Louis  de  Watteville's  Regiment  is 
described  by  Sir  Thos.  Bunbury  ('  Military 
Transactions  in  the  Mediterranean ')  as 
"  partly  Swiss,  partly  enlisted  prisoners  and 
deserters."  Probably  raised  about  1799, 
it  arrived  in  Aboukir  Bay  to  join  the  army 
of  Lieut. -General  Sir  J.  Hely  Hutchinson 
before  Alexandria,  3  August,  1801.  It  was 
780  strong  in  the  Brigade  of  Col.  Stewart, 
89th  Regiment.  It  embarked  for  Naples 
at  Malta  in  November,  1805,  and  was 
engaged  at  Maida,  4  July,  1806,  four  of  its 
companies  being  detached  "  under  that  good 
Swiss  officer,  Major  Fischer "  (Bunbury). 
It  formed  part  of  the  British  Army  on  the 
Straits  of  Messina,  August,  1806  ;  was 
in  Sicily  from  December,  1806,  to  1809 ; 
and  in  the  expedition  to  the  Bay  of  Naples, 
June,  1809  (Bunbury). 

Milne  in  his  '  Standards  and  Colours  of  the 
British  Army  '  has  an  interesting  reference 
to  De  Roll's  Regiment  and  its  colours.  He 
says  it  was  raised  (1799  ?)  by  Baron  de  Roll 
in  the  Black  Forest,  but  Bunbury  says  "  it 
had  been  originally  Swiss,  but  from  time 
to  time  it  had  been  renewed  and  augmented 
with  foreigners  of  various  kinds — many  of 
them  prisoners  or  deserters."  It  was  at 
Gibraltar  under  Sir  Ralph  Abercromby, 

20  October,  * 1800,  in  his  5th  Brigade,  com- 
manded   by    Brigadier-General    Stuart.     It 
landed  at  Aboukir,  8  March,  1801,  and  was 
present    at    the    battle    of    Alexandria    on 

21  March.     It  was  with  the  army  in  Sicily, 
December,   1806.     The  regiment  landed  at 
Alexandria    with    the    ill-fated    British    ex- 
pedition,  March,    1807,   and  behaved  well, 


particularly  the  detachment  under  the 
command  of  Major  Vogelsang.  It  was  in 
Sicily,  900  strong,  in  June,  1809  ;  and 
was  disbanded  in  1816.  It  had  first  yellow, 
and  afterwards  blue  facings  (Bunbury,  Walsh, 
and  Milne). 

Both  regiments  continued  to  appear  in 
the  '  Army  List,'  under  '  Foreign  Corps,' 
until  after  Waterloo.  C.  HAGGARD. 

I  can  answer  MB.  TEW'S  last  two  questions. 
The  regiment  of  De  Watteville  was  originally 
the  Swiss  regiment  of  Erlach  (afterwards 
Ernest),  which  was  raised  for  the  French 
Army  in  1671.  There  were  eleven  Swiss 
regiments  of  the  line,  of  which  the  Regiment 
of  Ernest  stood  first.  The  men  of  this 
regiment  were  recruited  in  Berne,  and  were 
all  Protestants.  Even  after  the  Revocation 
of  the  Edict  of  Nantes,  the  Swiss  Protestant 
soldiers  had  full  liberty  of  worship  in  France, 
and  the  Regiment  of  Ernest  once  refused  to 
march  against  Holland,  contending  that 
by  the  terms  of  their  enlistment  they  could 
not  be  compelled  to  fight  a  Protestant 
Power — a  view  which  Louis  XIV.  upheld. 

At  the  Revolution  the  regiment  returned 
to  Berne,  where  it  was  shortly  afterwards 
leased  to  Great  Britain.  Mr.  Wickham, 
our  Minister  at  Berne,  writes  to  Lord 
Grenville,  15  June,  1796  : — 

"As  an  Englishman  I  enjoyed  with  real 
satisfaction  the  idea  of  getting  from  France  at  the 
same  time  with  her  colonies  her  very  best  regi- 
ment to  assist  in  defending  them  against  her." — 
'  Dropmore  MSS.,'  vol.  iii.  p.  213. 

The  regiment  was  then  called  (after  its 
colonel)  the  Regiment  de  Watteville,  and 
was  employed  first  in  Corsica,  and  then  in 
Sicily  ,and  in  Calabria.  It  was  present 
at  Maida,  and  distinguished  itself  by  routing 
the  (new)  1st  Swiss  Regiment  of  the  French 
Army,  it  having  once  been  itself  the  1st  Swiss 
Regiment  in  that  service.  Many  prisoners 
were  taken,  who  enlisted  in  the  regiment. 

After  nearly  twenty  years'  gallant  service 
in  the  Mediterranean,  it  was  sent  in  1814  to 
defend  Canada  against  the  Americans. 
After  Waterloo  it  was  disbanded,  those  men 
who  desired  getting  land  grants  in  Canada, 
while  the  others  returned  to  Switzerland. 

The  Regiment  de  Rolle  had  never  been  in 
the  French  Army  as  a  unit,  though  most 
of  the  soldiers  had  served  in  either  the 
French  or  Dutch  armies.  In  1795  Baron 
Louis  de  Rolle,  of  Soleure — a  member  of  an 
ancient  Swiss  family  which  had  given  many 
soldiers  to  France,  and  himself  a  former 
lieutenant-colonel  of  the  famous  Swiss 
Guards — was  engaged  to  recruit  1,800  men 


172 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  26, 1911. 


in  Switzerland  for  the  British  service. 
The  result,  the  Regiment  de  Rolle,  was 
employed  in  the  Mediterranean  and  in 
Egypt,  its  ranks  being  increased  by  Swiss 
prisoners  and  deserters  from  Napoleon's 
army. 

In  1812  the  remnants  of  the  Franco- 
Irish  regiment  of  Dillon,  which  had  passed 
from  the  French  to  the  British  service  at  the 
Revolution,  were  incorporated  in  the  Regi- 
ment de  Rolle,  and  it  went  to  Spain,  operat- 
ing against  Marshal  Suchet  in  Catalonia. 
The  regiment  was  next  quartered  in  Corfu, 
whence  in  1816  it  was  transported  to  Venice 
and  disbanded.  Half  the  men  were  Catholics 
and  half  Protestants. 

There  was  another  Swiss  regiment,  that 
of  De  Meuron,  which  had  an  even  more 
interesting  career ;  but  as  it  was  not  at 
Maida,  and  is  not  asked  for  by  MR.  TEW, 
I  will  not  further  allude  to  it.  Much  other 
information  about  these  Swiss  regiments  in 
European  armies  will  be  found  in  an  article 
by  Lieut. -General  F.  H.  Tyrrell  in  The  Journal 
of  the  Royal  United  Service  Institution,  April, 
1897.  R.  S.  PENGELLY. 

12,  Poynders  Road,  Clapham  Park,  S.W. 

Although  the  6 1st  Regiment  was  stationed 
in  Sicily  in  1805,  its  two  flank  companies 
were  present  at  the  battle  of  Maida.  A 
very  full  account  of  this  battle  is  given  in 
The  Journal  of  the  Royal  Artillery,  vol.  xxxiv., 
in  a  lecture  by  Prof.  C.  W.  C.  Oman. 

De  Watteville's  German  Regiment  was 
embodied  in  1801.  It  served  in  the  Mediter- 
ranean, and  bore  the  honour  "  Maida  "  for 
its  services  in  that  battle.  In  the  War  of 
1813-14  it  was  employed  in  Canada.  At 
the  attack  on  the  enemy's  position  at  Snake 
Hill,  15  August,  1814,  its  loss  was  34  killed 
and  27  wounded,  while  83  men  missing  were 
supposed  to  have  been  destroyed  in  the 
explosion  of  the  powder  magazine  that 
resulted  from  the  assault.  On  17  September 
at  Fort  Erie  the  regiment  was  again  actively 
employed,  and  furnished  additional  gunners 
to  the  artillery.  The  regiment  was  dis- 
banded in  1816.  See  'Extinct  Regiments 
of  the  British  Army,'  by  A.  E.  Sewell,  in 
vol.  xxxi.  of  The  Journal  of  the  Royal  United 
Service  Institution. 

The  Regiment  of  De  Rolle  was  a  Swiss 
regiment,  raised  in  December,  1794.  It 
first  appeared  in  the  '  Army  List '  in  1802. 
It  was  employed  in  Egypt,  and  bore  the 

Sphinx"  and  "Egypt,"  as  honorary  dis- 
tinctions, for  its  services  in  1801.  It  was 
disbanded  in  1816.  JOHN  H.  LESLIE 


"  Maida  "  is  borne  on  the  colours  of  the 
Gloucestershire  Regiment,  this  honour  hav- 
ing been  won  by  the  present  second  battalion, 
the  late  61st  (South  Gloucestershire)  Regi- 
ment of  Foot.  From  1803  to  1814  the  61st 
had  two  battalions,  but  its  second  battalion 
remained  at  home  during  the  whole  course 
of  its  existence.  The  first  battalion  of  the 
61st  served  in  Malta  in  1803-4  ;  and  in 
Naples,  under  Sir  James  Craig,  in  1805. 
Afterwards  it  went  to  Sicily,  and  the  flank 
companies  took  part  in  the  descent  on  Cala- 
bria and  the  battle  of  Maida.  Subsequently 
the  whole  battalion  was  employed  in  restoring 
order  in  Calabria.  The  battalion  went  from 
Sicily  to  Gibraltar  in  1807. 

According  to  *  The  Records  and  Badges  of 
the  British  Army  '  by  Chichester  and  Burges- 
Short,  the  honour  "  Maida  "  is  also  borne  by 
the  following  existing  regiments  : — 

Royal  Inniskilling  Fusiliers,  won  by  the 
first  battalion,  formerly  known  as  the  27th 
(Inniskilling)  Regiment  of  Foot. 

Royal  Sussex  Regiment,  first  battalion, 
formerly  the  35th  Regiment  of  Foot. 

Loyal  North  Lancashire  Regiment,  won 
by  the  second  battalion,  late  81st  (Loyal 
Lincoln  Volunteers)  Regiment  of  Foot. 

Northamptonshire  Regiment,  won  by  the 
present  second  battalion,  late  58th  (Rutland- 
shire) Regiment  of  Foot. 

Seaforth  Highlanders,  for  whom  it  was 
won  by  the  second  battalion,  originally 
the  78th  (Highland)  Foot,  or  Ross-shire 
Buffs.  G.  YARROW  BALDOCK,  Major. 

I  can  give  MR.  TEW.  some  information 
regarding  the  first  part  of  his  query.  Regi- 
ments are  now  known  "  territorially "  ; 
formerly  they  were  known  by  numbers, 
which  were  often  changed.  The  present 
Gloucestershire  Regiment  was  previously- 
the  28th,  North  Gloucestershire,  and  the 
61st,  South  Gloucestershire.  An  *  His- 
torical Record  of  the  61st  Foot '  was  pub- 
lished in  1844.  There  is  a  coloured  frontis- 
piece showing  the  colours,  but  "  Maida " 
is  not  on  them.  The  share  of  the  61st  Foot 
at  that  battle  is  detailed  on  pp.  20-22,  and 
it  is  stated  that  it  is  commemorated  by  that 
word  being  used  on  the  "  appointments  '* 
of  the  grenadiers  and  infantry. 

The  official  '  Army  List '  does  not  help  us, 
and  '  Hart's  Army  List '  has  no  61st,  but 
deals  with  the  28th  as  the  Gloucestershire 
Regiment.  The  28th  is  a  regiment  of  dis- 
tinction, and  has  seen  much  service,  but 
no  history,  public  or  private,  has  been 
published.  In  '  Hart's  Army  List '  there 
is  a  list  of  honours,  ranging  from  "  Ramilies  " 


ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  26,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


173 


to  "  Paardeberg."  This  seems  a  union 
of  the  services  of  the  two  regiments  ; 
"  Maida  "  is  included,  but  the  28th  was  not 
there. 

In  The  Journal  of  the  Royal  Artillery, 
March,  1908,  pp.  541-64,  is  an  account  of  the 
battle  of  Maida ;  and  on  p.  563,  in  the 
"Field  State"  of  the  British  Army,  will 
be  found  the  only  mention  of  the  61st. 

I  have  but  my  memory  to  guide  me  as  to 
when  the  local  naming  of  regiments  took  the 
place  of  numbering  :  I  believe  it  was  in  1881. 

A.  RHODES. 


KING  GEORGE  V.'s  ANCESTORS  (US.  iv. 
87,  134). — The  following  additions  may  be 
made  to  MR.  A.  R.  BAYLEY'S  reply  : — 

(1)  The  wife  of  Francis,   Duke  of  Saxe- 
Coburg-Saalfeld    (1750-1806),  was    Augusta 
of    Reuss,     Countess    of    Plauen-Ebersdorf 
(1757-1831).      His    parents      were      Ernest 
Frederic,     Duke     of     Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld 
(1724-1800),  and  Sophia- Antoinette,  Duchess 
of  Brunswick  and  Liineburg  (1749-1802). 

(2)  The  wife  of  Augustus,  Duke  of  Saxe- 
Gotha-Altenburg    (1772-1822),  was    Louisa, 
Duchess    of    Mecklenburg-Schwerin    (1779— 
1801).     His  parents  were  Ernest  II.,  Duke 
of    Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg    (1745-1804),  and 
Charlotte,  Princess  of  Saxe-Meiningen  (1769- 
1827). 

(5)  The  wife  of  the  Landgrave  Frederic  of 
Hesse-Cassel  (1747-1857),  son  of  Frederic  II. 
and  Mary  of  England,  was  Caroline  Polyxena, 
Princess  of  Nassau-Usingen  (1762-1823). 

It  will  be  seen  that  through  both  her 
parents,  King  Christian  and  Queen  Louise  of 
Denmark,  who  were  respectively  the  great- 
grandson  and  great-granddaughter  of  the 
Princess  Mary,  daughter  of  King  George  II., 
Queen  Alexandra  is  in  the  line  of  succession 
to  the  throne  of  these  realms.  King  Christian 
was  also  a  great-grandson  of  the  Princess 
Louisa,  Mary's  younger  sister. 

W.  F.  PRIDEATJX. 

MISSES  DENNETT  (11  S.  iv.  108). — The 
Misses  H.  and  F.  Dennett,  pupils  of  Mr. 
D'Egville,  were  in  the  pantomime  of  '  The 
Enchanters ;  or,  Harlequin  Sultan,'  pro- 
duced at  Drury  Lane  Theatre,  Dec.  26,  1806. 
In  October,  1807,  at  the  same  theatre,  Miss 
H.  Dennett  and  Miss  F.  Dennett  were  wood 
nymphs,  and  Miss  E.  Dennett,  a  gnome,  in 
'  The  Forty  Thieves  '  ;  in  November  they 
were  in  '  The  Wood  Demon  '  ;  and  at  Christ- 
mas Miss  E.  Dennett  was  in  the  pantomime 
of  '  Furibond.'  Miss  Dennett  was  at  the 
Windsor  Theatre  in  the  summer  of  1810. 
At  the  Brighton  Theatre  in  the  autumn  of 


1812  the  engagement  was  announced  of 
"  the  three  Miss  Dennetts,  from  the  Opera 
House,"  and  they  were  there  again  the 
following  year. 

Miss  S.  Dennett  was  in  the  pantomime 
of  '  Harlequin  and  Humpo  '  at  Drury  Lane 
in  December,  1812,  and  in  February,  1814, 
Miss  Dennett  was  Ursula  in  a  ballet  called 
'  Leander  and  Leonora.'  WM.  DOUGLAS. 

125,  Helix  Road,  Brixton  Hill. 

CARRACCIOLO  FAMILY  (US.  iv.  69,  136).— 
There  are  over  twenty  pages  about  this 
family  in  the  '  Annuario  della  Nobilta 
Italiana,'  Anno  XV.,  1893,  published  at 
Bari  under  the  direction  of  Cavaliere  Gof- 
fredo  di  Crollalanza.  This  is  the  only 
edition  I  have.  The  family  appears  to 
have  had  a  vast  number  of  titles  distributed 
among  its  branches  (pp.  302-22). 

The  head  of  the  whole  family  was  in  1893 
Marino  Caracciolo,  Neapolitan  patrician, 
Prince  of  Avellino,  of  the  Holy  Roman 
Empire,  and  of  Ginetti,  Duke  of  Atripalda, 
Marquis  of  Sanseverino,  Count  of  Serino  and 
of  Vespolati,  born  1838. 

The  branch  of  the  family  which  had  the 
titles  mentioned  by  MRS.  FORTESCUE  is  the 
elder  of  Villamaina  e  Capriglia  branches 
of  the  line  of  Caracciolo-Pasquizi. 

The  head  of  this  branch  was  Luigi  Marquis- 
Caracciolo,  Neapolitan  patrician,  Duke  of 
S.  Teodoro,  of  S.  Arpino,  of  Parete,  of  Casal 
di  Principe,  Marquis  of  Capriglia,  and  of 
Villamaina,  born  1  Nov.,  1826,  died  at  Milan 
29  Jan.,  1889.  He  married  31  August, 
1854,  Augusta  Selima  (sic)  Elisabetta,  born 
Lock,  widow  of  Lord  Bourgherst  (sic), 
i.e.  Burghersh.  The  only  issue  of  this 
marriage  appears  to  have  been  a  daughter, 
Teresa,  born  1855,  married  1875  to  Marco 
Antonio  Colonna  of  the  Princes  of  Paliano 
and  Dukes  of  Marino. 

Apparently  the  above  -  named  Luigi  Mar- 
quis Caracciolo,  Duke  of  S.  Teodoro,  &c,,  was 
the  last  male  of  his  branch  of  the  family* 
For  a  short  history  of  the  Caracciolo  family 
(if  that  be  the  meaning  of  "  cenno  storico  ") 
we  are  referred  to  the  '  Annuario  '  of  1884. 

Concerning  the  marriage  of  a  Caracciolo 
to  one  Emilia  mentioned  'by  MR.  MERCER 
(ante,  p.  136)  I  find  that  Giovanni,  brother 
of  Giuseppe  Giudice  Caracciolo,  Neapolitan 
patrician,  Prince  of  Cellamare,  Duke  of  the 
Gesso  and  of  S.  Elia,  Marquis  of  Alfadena, 
Prince  of  Leporano,  Duke  of  Schiavi,  and 
Count  of  Piperno,  married  4  March,  1876, 
Emilia,  born  Settanni,  date  of  birth  and 
parentage  not  given.  These  brothers  are 
or  were  of  the  Villa  e  Cellamare  branch  of 


174 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  26, 1911. 


the  line  of  Caracciolo-Pasquizi.  The  elder 
brother  apparently  inherited  his  last  three 
titles  (Prince  of  Leporano,  &c.),  from  his 
mother. 

In  the  '  Annuario  '  the  pedigrees  of  a  few 
families  are  taken  as  far  back  as  about  1780. 
ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

WARNER=CAPELL  OB  ABBOTT  (11  S.  hi. 
228,  276,  314). —  Thanks  to  the  publicity 
afforded  by  '  N.  &  Q.,'  and  by  the  courtesy 
of  COL.  FYNMORE  and  the  late  MR.  G.  E. 
€OKAYNE,  whose  recent  death  we  must  all 
deplore,  I  have  now  been  supplied  with  the 
following  extract  from  parish  register  of 
Saltwood,  co.  Kent : — 

"  1616  April  30,  John  Warner,  Doctor  in  Divinitie, 
maryecl  by  lycense  to  Mrs.  Jone  Abbott,  widow." 

It  is  quite  clear  to  my  mind  that  this  John 
Warner  must  have  been  the  John  Warner, 
afterwards  Bishop  of  Rochester,  1637-66, 
as  he  is  the  only  Warner,  D.D.,  mentioned 
in  Foster's  '  Alumni  Oxonienses  '  who  could 
have  married  at  that  time. 

As  regards  "  Mrs.  Jone  Abbott,"  she  is 
clearly  the  same  as  "  Joanne,"  widow,  to 
whom  on  22  Sept.,  1615,  Admon.  to  the 
estate  of  her  husband,  the  Rev.  John 
Abbott.  Rector  of  Great  Chart  and  Canon 
of  Canterbury,  was  granted  by  the  Court  of 
Canterbury.  This  John  Abbott  was  inducted 
to  Great  Chart  in  1612  (on  the  presentation 
of  Archbishop  Abbot,  who  was  probably  his 
relative  ?),  and  died  in  1615.  To  him 
succeeded  the  Rev.  William  Kingsley,  who 
had  married  Damaris  Abbot,  niece  of 
Archbishop  Abbot,  the  patron  also  of 
Saltwood,  which  living  Kingsley  was  then 
holding,  and  where  he  probably  continued 
to  reside.  One  would  like  to  know  what 
was  the  maiden  surname  of  Mrs.  Jone 
Abbott  ?  As  regards  the  marriage  of  a 
"  John  Warner  of  London  "  to  Avice  Capell 
some  time  before  1615,  as  previously  men- 
tioned 118.  iii.  228,  this  may  or  may  not 
have  been  a  previous  marriage  of  John 
Warner,  afterwards  Bishop  of  Rochester, 
but,  as  MR.  COKAYNE  truly  observed,  such 
a  description  savours  rather  of  the  com- 
mercial than  of  the  ecclesiastical  profession. 
Who  then,  however,  was  this  John  Warner  ? 
EDWARD  LEE  WARNER. 

SIR  NICHOLAS  ARNOLD  (US.  iv.  42,  110). 
—While  thanking  MR.  HOCKADAY  for  his 
reply,  and  especially  for  additional  informa- 
tion respecting  the  father  of  Sir  Nicholas, 
I  would  point  out  that  the  main  difficulty 
m  my  query  still  awaits  solution.  Was 
Dorothy  the  heiress  of  Highnam  and  the 


wife  of  Sir  Thomas  Lucy,  jun.,  the  daughter 
of  Sir  Nicholas  Arnold,  as  stated  in  his  will, 
or  the  granddaughter  as  per  the  Gloucester- 
shire Visitation  ?  The  statements  of  Smyth 
in  his  '  Lives  of  the  Berkeleys '  and  of 
Atkyns  in  his  '  Ancient  and  Present  State  of 
Gloucestershire '  are  both  obviously  based 
upon  the  Visitation,  and  therefore  of  no 
additional  authority.  In  the  absence  of 
any  will  of  Rowland  Arnold  his  P.M.Inq. 
would  be  valuable  to  the  purpose.  Perhaps 
some  correspondent  may  know  where  this 
is  to  be  found.  The  volumes  of  Gloucester- 
shire Inquisitions,  temp.  Charles  I.,  printed 
by  the  British  Record  Society,  do  not  con- 
tain his  name,  but  he  probably  passed  away 
in  the  reign  of  James  I.  W.  D.  PINK. 

"Ds  LA"  IN  ENGLISH  SURNAMES  (11  S.  iv. 
127). — In  transcribing  the  Registers  of  the 
parish  of  St.  Martin,  Chichester,  I  have  found 
several  entries  relating  to  a  family  of  the 
name  of  Delangeter  or  Delanget,  for  it  is 
spelt  both  ways.  The  earliest  entry  is  a 
baptism  on  26  March,  1568.  There  is 
nothing  to  show  the  position  of  the  family. 

E.  E.  STREET. 

MR.  DELAFIELD  might,  perhaps,  find 
what  he  requires  in  '  Words  and  Places  ; 
or,  Etymological  Illustrations  of  History, 
Ethnology,  and  Geography,'  and  '  Names 
and  their  Histories,'  both  by  Isaac  Taylor 
(London  and  Cambridge,  1864,  et  seq.), 
or  '  Family  Names  and  their  Story,'  by 
S.  Baring-Gould  (London,  1910). 

HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 
39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennington  Lane. 

"VIVE  LA  BELGE"  (11  S.  iv.  129).— 
About  2,400  of  the  Belgian  Garde  Civique 
and  Volunteers  came  to  this  country  on 
11  July,  1867,  and  remained  till  the  22nd. 
They  were  brought  here  from  Antwerp  in 
the  Indian  troopship  Serapis,  and  went 
back  in  the  same  vessel.  In  the  previous 
year  a  contingent  of  English  volunteers  had 
visited  Brussels,  and  the  invitation  to 
London  was  in  recognition  of  the  hospitality 
accorded  to  our  force  when  in  Belgium.  MR. 
PIERPOINT  will  find  a  full  and  interesting 
account  of  this  visit  in  the  *  Annual  Register ' 
for  1867.  Suffice  it  to  say  here  that  our 
visitors  were  entertained  in  the  City  by 
the  Lord  Mayor.  They  were  reviewed  at 
Wimbledon  by  the  Prince  of  Wales.  Gala 
entertainments  were  provided  for  them  at 
Cremorne  Gardens  and  the  Alhambra,  and 
a  grand  ball  was  given  in  their  honour 
at  the  Agricultural  Hall,  Islington,  where  no 
fewer  than  15,000  persons  were  entertained. 


n  s.  iv.  AUG.  26,  ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


175 


A  garden  party  given  by  Miss  Burdett 
Coutts  at  Holly  Lodge,  and  another  review 
at  Wimbledon,  terminated  the  fetes  inaugu- 
rated in  honour  of  theij  visit. 

At  the  first  review  at  Wimbledon  on  the 
13th  the  Prince  of  Wales,  in  a  pouring  deluge 
of  rain,  handed  to  each  section  of  fours 
silver  medals  which  had  been  struck  specially 
for  the  occasion.  On  the  18th  of  July  there 
appeared  a  letter  in  The  Times,  signed 
"Belgian  Lion,"  calling  attention  to  the 
fact  that  "  Vive  la  Beige  "  had  been  in- 
scribed on  the  medal  instead  of  "  Vive  la 
Belgique."  This  elicited  an  apologia  in 
The  Times  of  20  July  from  Mr.  W.  J.  Taylor, 
who,  he  stated,  had  made  the  medal  at  the 
Crystal  Palace.  In  this  letter  he  announced 
that  the  die  had  been  recast,  and  that  new 
medals  would  be  replaced  for  those  in  which 
the  error  occurred.  How  many  of  the 
original  recipients  availed  themselves  of 
this  offer,  or  how  many  preferred  to  retain 
the  actual  emblem  they  had  received  from 
the  hands  of  the  Prince,  is  more  than  I  can 
say.  WILLOUGHBY  MAYCOCK. 

It  was  in  1867  that  a  company  of  the 
Belgian  Gardes  Civiques  visited  Wimbledon 
and  took  part  in  the  meeting  of  the  National 
Rifle  Association  on  Wimbledon  Common, 
a  party  of  London  volunteers  having  visited 
Brussels  in  1 866.  On  their  return  to  Belgium 
one  of  the  visitors  wrote  an  account  of  his 
experiences  in  the  columns  of  Le  Commerce 
de  Gand,  afterwards  published  in  a  brochure 
entitled  '  Les  Beiges  a  Wimbledon  :  Impres- 
sions de  Voyage  d'un  Artilleur  Gantois.' 
Some  amusing  extracts  from  this  pamphlet 
were  printed  by  Mr.  H.  v.  d.  B.  Copeland 
in  the  '  Wimbledon  and  Merton  Annual,' 
1904.  There  are  references  to  the  distribu- 
tion of  medals  at  a  grand  review  on  the 
Common  on  July  13  ;  but  nothing  is  said 
as  to  the  inscription.  G.  L.  APPERSON. 
Wimbledon. 

JOHNSON  AND  TOBACCO  (US.  iv.  148). — 
The  contradiction  in  the  review  of  Mr. 
Nevill's  book  of  the  idea  of  Johnson  as 
smoking  is,  doubtless,  founded  on  the  follow- 
ing reference  in  Boswell's  Life,  &c.,  of  the 
Sage  (cetat.  47,  vol.  i.  p.  317,  in  Birkbeck 
Hill's  annotated  edition).  The  Dutch  are 
said  to  be  fond  of  draughts,  and  of  "  smoak- 
ing,  of  the  sedative  influence  of  which, 
though  he  [Johnson]  himself  never  smoaked, 
he  had  a  high  opinion." 

Dr.  Hill  makes  a  reference  here  to  'The 
Tour  to  the  Hebrides  '  (vol.  v.  p.  60  of  his 
edition,  19  Aug.)  where  Johnson  wonders 
that  "  a  thing  which  requires  so  little  exertion, 


and  yet  preserves  the  mind  from  total  vacuity, 
should  have  gone  out.  Every  man  has  some- 
thing by  which  he  calms  himself  :  beating 
with  his  feet  or  so."  POURQTJOI  PAS. 

MB.  RALPH  NEVILL'S  imagination  triumphs 
over  fact.  Dr.  Johnson  did  not  smoke, 
but  he  was  graciously  pleased  to  express 
little  or  no  disapprobation  of  those  who  did. 
He  had  a  high  opinion  of  the  sedative 
influence  of  the  practice,  and  was  heard  to  say 
that  "  insanity  had  grown  more  frequent 
since  smoking  had  gone  out  of  fashion." 
(Boswell's  '  Life,'  edited  by  Croker,  1  vol., 
p.  106),  and  again  he  observed  : — 

"  To  be  sure  it  is  a  shocking  thins:,  blowing  smoke 
out  of  our  mouths  into  other  people's  mouths,  eyes, 
and  noses,  and  having  the  same  thing  done  to  us. 
Yet  I  cannot  account  why  a  thing  which  requires 
so  little  exertion,  and  yet  preserves  the  mind  from 
total  vacuity,  should  have  gone  out.  Every  man 
has  something  by  which  he  calms  himself :  beating 
with  his  feet  or  so."— P.  282. 

The  present  vitality  of  the  smoking  habit 
would  please  Dr.  Johnson,  but,  alas  !  it 
does  not  coincide  with  any  diminution  of 
insanity.  ST.  .  SWITHIN. 

[MR.  WM.  E.  BROWNING  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

"  SWALE,"  ITS  AMERICAN  AND  ENGLISH 
MEANINGS  (11  S.  iv.  67,  114).—"  To  swale," 
in  the  sense  of  burning  furze  or  heather, 
as  used  on  Dartmoor  and  in  the  Highlands, 
is  closely  connected  with  the  German  verb 
schwelen  (the  accented  vowel  is  either  closed 
or  open),  which  means  to  smoulder,  to  burn 
slowly  and  without  flame,  O.E.  swelan,  to 
burn,  to  glow,  with  the  causative  swcelan, 
O.  Fris.  swila,  to  parch ;  of  the  same  stem 
as  the  adj.  schwiil,  sultry. 

In  its  American  sense  "  swale  "  may  be 
akin  to  "to  swallow "  and  the  German 
Schwalg,  an  obsolete  word,  M.  H.  G.  siualh  = 
water-hole,  whirlpool.  G.  KRUEGER. 

Berlin. 

In  *  Manipulus  Vocabulorum  :  a  Rhym- 
ing Dictionary  of  the  English  Language,' 
by  Peter  Levins  (1570),  E.E.T.S.,  will  be 
found  "to  sweal  as  ye  fyre,  efflammare," 
and  "sweal,  to,  as  the  fire, — to  burn  out." 
In  Wycliffe's  translation  of  the  parable  of 
the  sower,  Matt.  xiii.  6,  "Sotheley  the  sonnet 
sprung  up,  thei  swaliden"  (or  brenden  for 
hete),  Bosworth's  ed.,  Smith,  1865.  In 
Grose's  '  Provincial  Glossary,'  ed.  1839, 
"swale"  or  "sweal"  is  defined  as  to  singe 
or  burn — as  to  swale  a  hog,  sweal  a  cat ;  a 
swealed  cat  whose  hair  is  s  wealed  by  sleeping 
on  hot  ashes.  In  Worcestershire  the  term 
is  applied  to  the  practice  of  burning  off  the 
hair  of  pigs  when  killed  for  bacon — the 


176 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [n  s.  iv.  AUG.  26, 1911. 


porkers  are  scalded  ('  South  E.  Worcester- 
shire Glossary  of  Words  and  Places,'  Salis- 
bury, 1893).  In  the  bacon  districts  of 
Gloucestershire  and  Hampshire  "swaling" 
is  also  used. 

Swaling  on  Dartmoor  is  resorted  to  in  early 
springtime  to  burn  the  gorse  and  heather  in 
order  to  promote  the  undergrowth  for  the 
keep  of  the  thousands  of  cattle  and  sheep 
that  are  turned  adrift  in  the  summer  months. 
I  have  often  tramped  across  the  wilds  of 
Dartmoor  when  swaling  has  been  at  its 
height.  G.  SYMES  SAUNDERS,  M.D. 

5,  Burlington  Place,  Eastbourne. 


Here  we  say  a  candle  "  s  weals." 


R.  B— R. 


South  Shields. 


BELGIAN  COIN  WITH  FLEMISH  INSCRIP- 
TION (US.  iv.  88). — The  reason  of  the  issue 
of  these  coins  is  simple  enough  to  any  one 
who  has  followed  recent  Belgian  politics. 
An  active  party  exists  which  wishes  to  make 
Flemish  the  national  language  of  Belgium, 
and  to  practically  ignore  the  more  cos- 
mopolitan French  tongue  :  and  this  was 
one  of  its  many  partial  victories.  I  well 
remember  handling  my  first  coin  of  this  kind, 
and  wondering  for  a  moment  if  I  had  not 
by  accident  accepted  a  German  piece. 

F.  A.  W. 

Paris. 

"  KIDKOK  "  (11  S.  iv.  150). —This  is 
probably  a  mistake  for  "  kidcoat  "  or 
"  kidcote,"  a  well-known  Yorkshire  name 
for  a  police  lock-up  in  connexion  with 
some  public  building.  Wakefield  Constables' 
Accounts  show  :— 
17-58.  Mar.  By  a  lock  for  kidcoat,  a  tub  and 

straw          2s.  Od- 

1764.  Jan  .5.  Mending  the  kidcoat  ...  0-9.  6d- 
1787-  June  25.  Leading  rubbish  for  kidcoat  5s.  Od- 
in 1800  a  new  "prison"  was  erected 
(see  Banks's  '  Walks  about  Wakefield  '), 
pp.  80,  82,  85,  100. 

MATTHEW  H.   PEACOCK. 
[Sr.  SWITHIN  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

THE  ROYAL  EXCHANGE  (11  S.  iii.  385  ; 
iv.  138). — With  respect  to  the  extract  at 
the  latter  reference,  it  is  pleasant  to  record 
that  the  Gresham  Committee  has  now 
caused  to  be  removed,  with  just  a  whisk  or 
so  of  the  brush,  all  those  superfluous  in- 
verted commas  whicji  have  hitherto  dis- 
figured the  inscriptions  beneath  several 
of  the  paintings  in  the  Royal  Exchange 
Gallery.  Let  us  hope  the  same  body  will 
soon  find  it  possible  to  supply  the  public 


with  a  cheap,  concise  catalogue  to  the 
mural  treasures  of  the  ambulatory.  If  a- 
key  to  the  identity  of  the  many  notable 
personages  depicted  v  upon  the  canvases 
were  added  this  would  be  an  additional 
boon  to  visitors.  CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenseum  Club. 

"BED  OF  ROSES"  (11  S.  iv.  126).— Being 
away  from  home  I  cannot  verify  my  refer- 
ences, but  "  bed  of  roses "  has  always 
seemed  to  me  to  be  a  variant  of  "  bed  of 
roes,"  or  where  the  deer  lie  down.  If  I 
am  correct  in  this  then  the  phrase  is  of  very 
old  date,  and  appears  in  Ossian  (I  think,. 
Fingall)  as 

On  the  starry  Lumon, 

On  the  bed  of  roes. 

In  my  recollection,  say  some  thirty  years  ago,, 
an  M.P.  misquoted  this  expression  in  the 
House  of  Commons  as  "  bed  of  roses,"  and 
brought  down  on  himself  the  laughter  of  the 
House.  JAS.  CURTIS,  F.S.A. 

Whitby. 

HORSES'  GHOSTS  (US.  iv.  127). — If  the 
ghosts  of  mounted  horses  count  their  number 
is  legion,  e.g.,  the  "Wild  Huntsman," 
spectral  armies,  departed  heroes  of  all 
nations,  celebrated  jockeys,  &c. 

The  headless  steed  is  matched  by  some 
of  the  spectral  hounds  in  English  rural 
districts.  There  is  a  hint  of  the  ghost  of  a 
dapple  in  Ingoldsby's  creepy  '  Smuggler's 
Leap.'  The  same  writer  is  apprehensive 
lest  the  ghost  of  poor  dog  Tray  should  be 
chased  round  the  churchyard  by  the  ghost 
of  a  disagreeable  old  maid  armed  with  the 
ghost  of  a  stick. 

FRANCIS  P.  MARCHANT. 
Streatham  Common. 

FIVES  COURT,  ST.  MARTIN'S  LANE  ;  TENNIS 
COURT,  HAYMARKET  (US.  iv.  110,  155). — 
Hazlitt,  in  his  '  Table  Talks '  (Essay  ix., 
'  The  Indian  Jugglers  '),  gives  an  account  of 
Cavanagh,  the  celebrated  hand  fives  player, 
which  he  states  is  taken  from  The  Examiner 
of  7  Feb.,  1819,  though  from  the  style  one 
may  surmise  that  it  was  written  by  himself. 
In  this  reference  is  made  to  a  match  played 
by  Cavanagh  in  "  the  Fives  Court,  St.  Martin 
Street."  Further  on  it  says,  "Mr.  Powell, 
when  he  [Cavanagh]  played  matches  in  the 
court  in  St.  Martin  Street,  used  to  fill  his 
gallery  at  2s.  Gd.  a  head  with  amateurs,  &c." 

From  this  it  would  appear  that  there 
was  certainly  a  Fives  Court  about  that 
time  in  St.  Martin's  Street,  as  well  as  a 
tennis  court  in  the  Haymarket.  T.  F.  D. 


ii  s.  iv.  A™.  26,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


177 


THE  KING'S  TURNSPITS  (11  S.  iv.  107). — 
The  information  desired  as  to  the  various 
departments  in  the  King's  household,  with 
the  names  and  salaries  and  wages  of  the 
officers  and  servants,  will  be  found  in  John 
Stockdale's  '  London  Calendar  and  Court 
and  City  Register.'  I  have  before  me  the 
issues  for  1788  and  1803.  Of  turnbroches 
there  were  five,  who  were  classed  with  the 
doorkeeper  and  soil  carriers  at  a  wage  of 
251.  The  term  broche  was  new  to  me,  but 
on  referring  to  Brachet's  '  Etym.  French 
Diet.'  I  found  it  meant  a  spit,  and  going  a 
step  further  in  Cassell's  '  French-English 
Diet.'  I  lit  upon  tournebroche,  a  turnspit, 
applied  to  men  or  dogs.  In  '  A  Noble 
Boke  of  Cookry  for  a  Prince  Houssolde,' 
about  400  years  old,  reprint  by  Elliot 
Stock,  1882,  the  word  "  broche"  =  a  spit; 
so  I  may  venture  to  state  that  it  is  a 
Norman  or  Anglo-French  word  and  probably 
had  been  used  in  the  roy  al  kitchens  for 
centuries. 

The  use  of  this  term  in  Parliamentary 
debate  was  probably  a  bitter  sarcasm  against 
placemen,  or,  as  we  say,  one  who  has  all  the 
work  but  none  of  the  profit,  or  he  turns  the 
spit  but  gets  none  of  the  meat. 

Since  writing  the  above  jottings  I  have 
read  in  The  Athenceum  (19  August)  an 
interesting  review  of  Mr.  Round's  *  The 
King's  Serjeants  and  Officers  of  State,  with 
their  Coronation  Services.'  Mav  I  quote  a 
couple  of  sentences  ? 

"  Members  of  the  mighty  Norman  houses  of  Bigod 
and  of  Giffard  held,  in  succession,  an  Essex  manor 
by  the  service  of  scalding  the  King's  swine." 

"From  Lord  Great  Chamberlain  down  to  the 
Kmg's  Sauser,  and  even  turnspits  (there  was 
a  turnspit  serjeanty  with  a  recognized  caput  in 
Essex)." 

G.  SYMES  SAUNDERS,  M.D. 
5,  Burlington  Place,  Eastbourne. 


REV.  PHOCION  HENLEY  (US.  iv.  129). — 
Phocion  Henley,  a  nephew  of  Lord  Chancellor 
Henley,  was  born  in  1728  at  Wooton  Abbots, 
Wiltshire  ;  matriculated  at  Oxford  (Wad- 
ham  College),  on  7  May,  1746.  Presented 
to  the  Rectory  of  St.  Andrew,  Wardrobe, 
and  St.  Ann,  Blackfriars,  London,  in  1759, 
where  he  continued  to  labour  until  stricken 
with  a  fever  caught  from  a  sick  parishioner, 
and  died  on  29  August,  1764.  Whilst  at 
Oxford  he  diligently  studied  music  with  his 
friend  William  Jones,  who  is  known  as  the 
curate  of  Nayland,  Suffolk,  and  author  of 
several  esteemed  treatises  on  music.  Henley 
composed  '  The  Cure  of  Saul,'  '  Hear  my 


Prayer,'    and    ot^ier    anthems    which    were 
published  in  two  volumes  in  1798. 

WILLIAM  H.  CTJMMINGS. 

I  am  inclined  to  think  that  Phocion 
Henley  (1728-64)  and  "Orator"  Henley 
(1692-1756)  were  not  related.  The  life  of 
the  latter  in  the  '  D.N.B.'  gives  his  birth- 
place as  Melton  Mowbray  in  Leicestershire, 
where  his  father  succeeded  his  maternal 
grandfather  as  vicar  of  the  parish.  He  was 
educated  in  its  neighbourhood,  and  then 
graduated  at  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 

Phocion  Henley,  a  short  life  of  whom 
is  in  the  'D.N.B.,'  was  the  son  of  John 
Henley  of  Wotton  Abbas,  in  the  county  of 
Dorset,  a  member  of  the  Hampshire  family 
of  Henley.  He  graduated  at  Wadham 
College,  Oxford.  His  taste  was  for  music, 
and  some  years  previously  that  college  had 
been  the  centre  of  musical  life  at  Oxford. 
The  Holy  well  Music  Hall  was  built  in  1742 
on  a  site  belonging  to  the  college.  Phocion 
Henley,  Short  of  Worcester  College,  and 
George  Home,  of  University  and  Magdalen 
Colleges,  were  "  friends  then  well-known  in 
the  university  for  their  abilities  in  music  " 
(Jones  of  Nayland  in  'Works  of  Home,' 
ed.  1809,  i.  9-10).  W.  P.  COURTNEY. 

"  Henley,  Phocion,  s.  [of]  John,  of  Abbots 
Wotton,     Dorset,     arm.      Wadham      Coll., 
matric.  7  May,  1746,  aged  18.     B.A.  14  Feb., 
1749-50." — Foster's  '  Alumni  Oxonienses.' 
W.  D.  MACRAY. 

May  I  refer  MR.  L.  H.  CHAMBERS  for  answer 
to  his  query  to  Hutchins's  '  History  of 
Dorset,'  ii.  264,  and  iii.  743  ;  also  Foster's 
'  Alumni '  and  'D.N.B.'  When  I  was 
curate  of  Whitechurch  Canonicorum  in 
1891  I  copied  the  following  entry  out  of  the 
register  book  there :  "  Baptised  Phocion 
ye  son  of  John  Henley  Esq  and  Hester  his 
wife  6  May,  1728."  He  was  born  in  the  old 
mansion  of  Wootton  Abbots  in  that  parish, 
once  a  grange  of  the  Abbey  of  Abbotsbury. 
John  Henley's  mother,  Barbara,  the  heiress 
of  John  Every,  Esq.,  brought  it  to  Sir  Robert 
Henley  as  his  second  wife.  There  are  some 
ancient  tombs  of  the  Everys  at  Whitechurch, 
where  the  chancel  floor  also  is  adorned  by 
coats  of  arms  and  inscriptions  in  memory 
of  several  Henleys  of  Colmore,  kinsmen  of 
Phocion.  The  progenitor  of  this  race  was 
George  Henley,  Constable  of  Taunton  Mag- 
dalen, whose  will  is  dated  4  August,  1545. 
His  son  John  suffered  at  the  stake  in  the 
Marian  persecution.  Robert  his  other  son 
was  Sheriff  of  Somerset,  1613,  and  acquired 
Leigh  in  Winsham,  now  possessed  by  Col. 


178 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  26, 1911. 


Henley,  a  direct  descendant.  They  were 
a  family  of  lawyers.  Phocion  (whose  first 
cousin  Sir  Robert  Henley,  Lord  Chan- 
cellor, was  created  Earl  of  Northington 
19  May,  1764)  had  two  brothers,  Robert, 
barrister  of  the  Middle  Temple,  who  matri- 
culated at  C.C.C.,  Oxford,  20  May,  1741, 
and  Peter,  also  a  barrister,  who  matriculated 
at  the  same  college  3  December,  1741, 
aged  17.  Phocion  married  a  daughter  of 
Dr.  George  of  Eton  and  King's  College, 
and  left  two  daughters,  Jane,  wife  of  Sir 
Thomas  Trigge,  and  Katherine,  unmarried. 
He  died  of  a  fever  contracted  in  his 
parochial  visitation  29  August,  1764.  There 
appears  to  be  no  relationship  between  him 
and  "Orator  Henley."  R.  G.  BARTELOT. 
St.  George's,  Fordington. 

WILLIAM  MAKEPEACE  THACKERAY  (11  S. 
iv.  21,  61,  101,  141). — Macaulay  could  not 
have  been  present  at  Thackeray's  funeral, 
as  stated  ante,  p.  61,  as  he  predeceased  the 
novelist  just  four  years.  N".  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

FMaeaulay,  Q.C.,  was  meant.] 

TOUCHING  A  CORPSE  (11  S.  iv.  48,  95).— 
An  admirable  paper  on  '  Marriage  Contracts 
in  the  Reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth,'  by  Mr.  A. 
Percival  Moore,  B.C.L.,  published  in  Reports 
and  Papers  of  Associated  Architectural 
Societies,  vol.  xxx.  pp.  261-98,  refers  readers 
to  the  "  Advertisement  "  appended  to  the 
first  edition  of  '  The  Pirate,'  where  there  is  an 
instance  of  corpse-touching  that  bears  on 
the  correspondence  now  appearing  in 
'  N.  £  Q.'  I  quote  from  Scott,  and  not  from 
Mr.  Moore,  as  he  does  not  give  the  whole 
passage  which  I  desire  to  "  convey."  John 
Gow  was  tried  for  his  iniquities,  condemned, 
and  executed  : — 

"It  is  said  that  the  lady  whose  affections  Gow 
had  engaged,  went  up  to  London  to  see  him 
before  his  death,  and  that  arriving  too  late,  she 
had  the  courage  to  request  a  sight  of  his  dead 
body  ;  and  then,  touching  the  hand  of  the  corpse, 
she  formally  resumed  the  troth-plight  which  she 
had  bestowed.  Without  going  through  this 
ceremony,  she  could  not,  according  to  the  super- 
stition of  the  country,  have  escaped  a  visit  from  the 
ghost  of  her  departed  lover,  in  the  event  of  her 
bestowing  upon  any  living  suitor  the  faith  which 
she  had  plighted  to  the  dead.  This  part  of  the 
legend  may  serve  as  a  curious  commentary  on  the 
fine  Scottish  ballad,  which  begins, 

There  came  a  ghost  to  Margaret's  door,  &c." 
A  note  in  "  The  Centenary  Edition  "  of  the 
"  Waverley  Novels  "  says  : — 

"  This  ballad  of  '  Willie's  Ghost  '  is  printed  in 
Herd's  '  Collection,'  vol.  i.  p.  76.  It  is  not  so 
well  known  as  Mallet's  version,  .'  Willie  and 
Margaret,'  which  begins  *  'Twas  at  the  fearful 
midnight  hour.'  " 


'  The  Diary  of  Abraham  de  la  Pryme  T 
(Surtees  Society)  has  a  bitterly  humorous- 
reference  to  corpse-touching  as  a  means  of 
detecting  a  murderer.  It  was  enacted 
in  1696  that  clipped  coin  was  no  longer  to  be- 
accepted  at  its  face  value,  but  only  by  weight, 
and  the  diarist  records  : — 

j"  There  was  a  sad  thing  happened  the  other 
day  at  Ferriby-by-Humber.  A  careful  honest 
pedlar  woman,  who  had  got  a  great  deal  of  clip'di 
money  by  her  through  her  trading,  was  almost 
madd  for  a  week  together  when  shee  perceived 
that  all  her  labour  and  pains  to  scrape  up  portiona 
for  her  children  had  been  to  no  purpose,  and  that 
not  a  penny  of  her  money  would  go.  Shee  took 
a  knife  and  cut  her  own  throat,  and  dy'd.  Several 
people  went  to  see  her  and  amongst  others  there 
was  one  there^who  sayd  thus — '  It  may  be  ques- 
tioned (says  he)  whether  this  woman  be  guilty 
of  her  death  or  no  ;  I  would  have  all  the  parla- 
ment  come  and  touch  her.'  " — P.  98. 

ST.   SWITHIN. 

Fox  AND  KNOT  STREET  (11  S.  iv.  130). — 
This  street  evidently  took  its  name  from, 
the  neighbouring  tavern  bearing  this  title. 
For  the  explanation  of  this  tavern  sign  see 
Larwood  and  Hot  ten's  '  History  of  Sign- 
boards.' S.  D.  C. 

OVERING  SURNAME  (11  S.  iv.  89).— This 
is"  certainly  scarce  in  the  southern  parts 
ofJ3ngland.  Nicholas  Overinge  of  Wynslo, 
Bucks,  and  Amy  Edmondes  of  the  sama 
place  were  married  by  licence  21  July,  1621 
(Herts  Genealogist,  i.  98).  This  is  the  only 
instance  I  know.  A.  RHODES. 

"  CASTLES  IN  SPAIN  "  :  "  CASTLE  IN 
THE  AIR  "  (11  S.  iv.  66,  113).— The  '  H.E.D.' 
gives  examples  of  "  castles  in  Spain "  in 
English  literature  from  c.  1400  ("Romaunt 
of  the  Rose')  onwards;  while  "castle  in 
the  air"  has  been  common  since  1575. 
G.  L.  APPERSON. 

STONEHENGE  AND  MERLIN  (11  S.  iv.  128). 
— The  late  Dean  Stanley  in  his  '  Historical 
Memorials  of  Westminster  Abbey  '  (edition 
by  John  Murray,  London,  1869,  chap.  ii. 
p.  44),  states,  in  regard  to  the  scenes  of 
English  coronations,  that  "  Arthur  was 
crowned  at  Stonehenge,  which  had  been 
transported  by  Merlin  for  the  purpose  to 
Salisbury  Plain  from  Naas,  in  Leinster." 
The  Dean  gives  the  following  authorities 
for  this  statement,  viz.  :  "  Rishanger  Annals,, 
p.  425  ;  Giraldus  Cambrensis,  Distv,  ii.  18." 

H.  H. 

In  Geoffrey  of  Monmouthrs  *  Historia 
Regum  Britanniac,'  Aurelius  Ambrosius,. 
having  overwhelmed  Vortigern,  is  desirous- 


ii  s.  iv.  AUG.  26,  ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


179 


of  erecting  a  memorial  of  his  triumph. 
Merlin  bids  him  send  for  the  stones  called 
"  Giants'  Dance  "  out  of  Ireland,  and  accord- 
ingly the  enchanter  is  dispatched  with 
Uther  Pendragon  (the  father  of  Arthur) 
to  fetch  them.  By  Merlin's  arts  the  Irish 
are  defeated  and  the  Dance  brought  over 
to  be  set  up  at  Stonehenge. 

For  an  account  of  the  play  '  The  Birth  of 
Merlin ;  or,  the  Childe  Hath  Found  his 
Father,'  see  '  The  Cambridge  History  of 
English  Literature,'  vol.  v.  pp.  249-251. 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

CHARLES  I.  :  '  BIBLIA  ATJBEA  '  (11  S.  iv. 
70,  113).— A  book  entitled  '  Biblia  Aurea, 
cum  suis  historiis  necnon  exempli's  Veteris 
atque  Novi  Testamenti,'  was  sold  at  auction 
in  New  York,  in  1896  or  1897,  for  about  eight 
dollars.  It  is  stated  to  have  been  from  the 
press  of  John  Gruninger,  an  early  Strasbourg 
printer  ;  but  no  place  of  printing  appears 
on  the  title.  The  size  was  small  quarto, 
and  the  conjectural  date  "  1466  "  was  assigned 
to  it.  Possibly  it  was  a  different  work  from 
that  described  by  MB.  THOMAS  STANFORD. 

O. 

DUMBLETON,    PLACE-NAME    (11    S.    IV.    89, 

136). — Rudder's  '  History  of  Gloucester- 
shire '  (1779),  p.  420,  col.  2,  says  :  — 

"  King  Athelstan,  in  the  year  931,  gave  Swin- 
ford  and  Sanford,  and  Dumelton  in  the  county  of 
Gloucester,  to  the  abbey  of  Abingdon,  when 
Cinath  was  abbot.... The  manor  and  advowson 
of  Dumbleton.  after  the  dissolution  of  abbeys, 
were  granted  to  Thomas,  Lord  Audley,  and  to 
Sir  Thomas  Pope,  in  exchange  for  the  manor  of 
Layer-Marney  in  Essex  and  the  manor  was  con- 
firmed to  Sir  Thomas  Pope." 

T.  SHEPHERD. 

"  GOTHAMITES  "= LONDONERS  (11  S.  iv. 
25,  133).— In  1856  there  was  published  in 
Glasgow  a  small  volume  entitled  *  The 
Chronicles  of  Gotham ;  or,  the  Facetious 
History  of  Official  Proceedings  '  (Glasgow, 
to  be  had  of  the  booksellers,  1856).  This 
gave  a  satirical  account  of  various  public 
proceedings,  &c.,  of  local  interest,  and  was 
illustrated  by  reproductions  of  pen-and- 
ink  sketches,  in  some  of  which  local  officials 
and  celebrities  were  caricatured. 

T.  F.  D. 

HALFACREE  SURNAME  (11  S.iii.467;  iv.  134). 
— Is  not  the  simplest  explanation  of  this  sur- 
name this,  that  it  was  given  to  a  foundling 
picked  up  on  a  local  spot  known  as  the 
"  half-acre  "  ?  Many  "  place-names,"  such 
as  Field,  Green,  Lane,  have  doubtlessly  so 
arisen.  The  foundling  being  taken  into  the 


church  for  baptism  would,  at  the  suggestion 
of  the  parish  clerk,  receive  its  surname 
from  the  spot  where  it  was  picked  up  (see 
Lower,  Bardsley,  and  other  authorities 
on  surnames).  S.  D.  C. 

THE  POPE'S  POSITION  AT  HOLY  COM- 
MUNION (11  S.  iv.  105). — Should  not  "  Altar 
of  the  Chair,"  quoted  by  MR.  W.  G.  BLACK. 
in  his  note,  be  "  Altar  of  the  Choir  "  ? 

PENRY  LEWIS. 

CLUB  ETRANGER  AT  HANOVER  SQUARE 
(US.  ii.  407,  477  ;  iii.  96).— It  may  interest 
MR.  ALECK  ABRAHAMS  and  others  to  know 
that  I  now  find  the  St.  George's  Club, 
Hanover  Square,  was  at  one  time  called 
the  "  Cercle  des  Nations,"  not  "  Etrangers,'' 
as  my  note  stated.  This  may  be  the 
"  Cercle  "  alluded  to  in  the  pamphlet  of  the 
club  mentioned  by  MR.  ABRAHAMS. 

CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenseum  Club. 


0tt 


The    Concise    Oxford    Dictionary.     Adapted    by- 

H.  W.  and  F.  G.  Fowler.     (Oxford^  Clarendon 

Press.) 

IF  one  knows  anything  at  all  of  the.  inner  history. 
of  the  great  English  Dictionary  which  is  now, 
approaching  completion  at  Oxford  —  of  the 
immense  amount  of  research  during  the  last  half-? 
century,  the  indefatigable  labour  and  consummate 
knowledge  which  that  unique  work  represents  —  • 
he  will  take  this  unpretentious  octavo  of  xii-f-1044 
pages  into  his  hands  with  a  feeling  akin  to  reveri 
ence.  It  is  the  condensed  essence  of  the  most 
notable  Dictionary  which  has  ever  been  attempted! 
We  may  criticize  the  judgment  with  which  th£ 
collaborators  have  done  their  part,  but  we  cannof 
question  its  importance. 

To  begin  with,  in  order  to  economize  space, 
only  "  current  "  words  are  admitted  ;  yet  we 
find  foreign  words,  like  chapeau-bras,  voe,  and 
zeit-geist,  to  the  exclusion  of  Biblical  and  Shake-^ 
spearian  words  like  neese,  tache,  and  mobled. 
Why  not  these  as  well  as  Milton's  scrannel,  which 
does  find  a  place,  and  the  Mahound  of  old  plays, 
and  niddering  ?  If  vulgar  words  are  recognized, 
why  do  we  look  in  vain  for  cabbage,  to  pilfer,  and 
razzle-dazzle,  the  showman's  merry-go-round  ? 
Why  should  bridge,  the  game  of  cards,  bean-feast, 
and  nincompoop  be  queried  as  of  unknown  origin  ? 
Many  such  questions  are  suggested  as  we  turn  the 
pages.  Was  the  original  meaning  of  catacomb 
(cata-kumbas)  "  at  the  boats  "  ?  The  *  N.E.D.' 
does  not  commit  itself  to  such  a  statement.  Is 
misty,  used  of  undefined  opinions,  identical  with 
misty  (nebulosus)  ? 

These  interrogations,  however,  do  not  imply 
that  we  are  otherwise  than  most  grateful  to  the 
editors  and  publishers  for  bringing  the  results 
of  the  invaluable  Dictionary  —  "  The  Dictionary  " 
par  excellence  —  within  the  reach  of  people  with 
short  purses. 


180 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       m  s.  iv.  AUG.  26, 1911. 


Seme  Supposed  Shakespeare  Fnrperies,  by 
Ernest  Law,  with  facsimiles  of  documents  (Bell), 
is  uniform  with  the  author's  recent  book  on 
*  Shakespeare  as  a  Groom  of  the  Chamber.'  The 
story  of  the  documents  here  in  question  is  com- 
plicated, and  curious  in  itself  ;  but  their  import- 
ance is,  apart  from  this,  undoubted,  for  they 
supply  the  means  of  dating  some  of  Shake- 
speare's greatest  plays. 

The  two  pages  in  facsimile,  given  at  the 
beginning  of  the  little  book,  arc  supposed  to 
have  been  part  of  the  Revels  Book  of  1605,  and 
to  give  a  contemporary  list  of  plajs,  including 
seven  of  Shakespeare's. 

Suspicion  is  thrown  on  this  account,  and  another 
of  1611-12,  because  Peter  Cunningham  in  1868 
offered  them  for  sale,  stating  that  he  had  found 
them  thirty  years  before  under  the  vaults  of 
Somerset  House.  Cunningham  had  no  right  to 
the  documents,  and  they  were  reclaimed  for  the 
Record  Office  ;  but  he  had  actually  in  1842 
announced  the  discovery  of  them  and  edited 
them  !  All  this  he  apparently  forgot  in  1868, 
being  at  that  time  in  bad  health,  and  a  drunkard. 

There  has  been,  Mr.  Law  points  out,  no  proper 
inquiry  or  scrutiny  into  these  documents,  which 
have,  with  little  or  no  evidence,  been  taken  by 
•eminent  Shakespearians  as  forgeries,  mainly, 
perhaps,  because  Cunningham  was  associated 
with  that  scandalous  forger  Payne  Collier. 
Cimningham  made  no  denial,  and  his  silence  may 
.have  been  due  to  his  mental  collapse.  Six 
months  after  Grant  White  denounced  him  in 
The  Galaxy,  a  defunct  American  journal,  he  died 
(1869). 

A  new  race  of  critics  then  arose  who  assigned 
'  Othello  '  not  to  1611,  but  to  the  date  given  in 
the  suspected  MS.,  1604  ;  and  in  1880  Halliwell- 
Phillipps  announced  that  he  had  found  among 
Malone's  papers  in  the  Bodleian  a  memorandum, 
made  before  181.2,  "  of  Shakespeare's  plays,  with 
the  dates  of  their  performances  at  Court  in  1604—5, 
all  but  tallying  with  Cunningham's  notorious 
list."  Even  strange  spellings  such  as  "  Shaxberd  " 
were  reproduced  by  Malone,  and  the  memorandum 
remained  in  a  bundle  of  unsorted  papers  for  some 
fifty  years  or  more.  It  is  not  in  Malone's  hand- 
writing, but  is  taken  by  Halliwell-Phillipps  to 
be  a  genuine  transcript  made  for  him  from  some 
•early  seventeenth  -  century  document.  That 
authority,  however,  acknowledged  that  the 
subject  ne.?ded  further  investigation. 

Such  investigation  is  now  supplied  by  Mr. 
Law,  who,  in  addition,  argues  the  point  of  ade- 
quate motive  for  forgery.  He  has  the  support  of 
Dr.  C.  W.  Wallace,  who  declares  both  lists  to  be  in 
.a  handwriting  of  the  time  and  absolutely  genuine, 
and  of  Sir  George  Warner,  who  "could  detect  no 
sign  of  any  modern  fabrication  at  all." 

Mr.  Law  also  had  the  ink  used  in  the  1604-5 
list  subjected  to  chemical  analysis  at  a  Govern- 
ment laboratory.  The  resultant  report  decisively 
confirms  the  view  that  the  ink  used  is  "  uniform 
throughout  the  book,"  and  not  faded  more  in 
one  part  than  the  other. 

We  presume  that  in  the  words  we  have  quoted 
"  the  book  "  means  "  the  Revels  Book,"  and  that 
the  two  suspected  pages  were  compared  with 
other  contemporary  pages  in  it.  Mr.  Law's 
account  is  not  precisely  clear,  and  throughout 
he  writes  in  a  loose,  wordy  style  which  does  not 
tend  to  lucidity.  There  is  an  idle  repetition  of 


the  word  "  of  "  in  a  long  sentence  on  p.  21,  which 
would  doubtless  have  been  avoided  if  the  sentence 
had  been  better  constructed. 

All  Shakespeare  students  should,  however, 
be  grateful  to  Mr.  Law  for  the  care  and  per- 
tinacity he  has  shown  in  the  investigation  of  a 
question  long  left  ia  doTibt,  and  prejudged  without 
research.  He  has  established  a  very  strong  case 
for  the  Cunningham  extracts,  founded  both  on 
the  opinions  of  experts  and  examination  of  the 
MSS.  themselves.  That  there  is  something  yet 
to  be  said  on  the  other  side  was  shown  recently 
in  The  Athenaeum  ;  but  the  question  must  now  be 
left  to  the  very  small  body  of.  students  who  have 
experience  in  reading  Elirabethan  records. 

The  Castles  and  Walled  Towns  of  England,  by 
Alfred  Harvey  is  an  excellent  addition  to  "  The 
Antiquary's  Books  "  (Methuen).  It  gives  in  a 
brief  compass  a  general  view  of  the  subject,  and 
adds  three  or  four  full  descriptions  of  the  various 
classes  of  castle,  which  are  divided  according 
to  keeps.  The  two  last  chapters  deal  with 
'  Walled  Towns,'  and  there  is  besides  the  usual 
Index  a  '  List  of  Castles  in  England  and  Wales 
Existing  or  Known  to  have  Existed,'  arranged 
under  counties.  This  should  be  very  useful, 
especially  as  the  importance  and  extent  of  the 
remains  are  indicated  ingeniously  by  various 
signs. 

There  are  forty-six  illustrations  and  various 
plans,  which  are  clear,  though  on  a  small  scale. 
Altogether  Mr.  Harvey  has  performed  very  well 
a  work  which  needed  doing,  and  a  mastery  of  his 
book  will  add  much  to  the  interest  of  any  tour 
in  England. 


We  must  call  special  attention  to  the  following 
notices  :— 

ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
ind  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
communications  which,  for  any  reason,  we  do  not 
print,  and  to  this  rule  we  can  make  no  exception. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
bp  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries'"  —  Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub~ 
Ushers  "  —  at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

To  secure  insertion  of  communications  corre- 
spondents must  observe  the  following  rules.  Let 
each  note,  query,  or  reply  be  written  on  a  separate 
slip  of  paper,  with  the  signature  of  the  writer  and 
such  address  as  he  wishes  to  appear.  When  answer- 
ing queries,  or  making  notes  with  regard  to  previous 
entries  in  the  paper,  contributors  are  requested  to 
put  in  parentheses,  immediately  after  the  exact 
heading,  the  series,  volume,  and  page  or  pages  to 
which  they  refer.  Correspondents  who  repeat 
queries  are  requested  to  head  the  second  com- 
munication "  Duplicate." 

G.  S.-Forwarded. 


ii s:  iv.  SEPT.  2,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


181 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  2,  1911. 


CONTENTS.— No.  88. 

NOTES  :— Statues  and  Memorials  in  the  British  Isles,  181 
—St.  Nicholas,  Cole  Abbey,  184  — Kitty  Clive,  185  — 
Plasse:  Weekes  :  Glubb  —  St.  Mary  -  le  -  bone  Charity 
School,  186—"  Bombay  Duck,"  187. 

QUERIES  :  —  "  Sense-carrier  "  —  "  Cytel "  in  Anglo-Saxon 
Names— Street  Nomenclature— Payment  of  Members  of 
Parliament,  187  —  London's  Royal  Statues— The  Har- 
monists :  The  Philanthropic  Society— Uniacke  Family- 
William  Bromley,  Armiger— Sir  James  Collet  — Rev. 
Patrick  Gordon's  'Geography,'  188— Authors  of  Quota- 
tions Wanted  — Eli  Comyn  —  SS.  Bridget,  Gertrude, 
Foillan,  and  Febronia  —  Ford,  Milward,  and  Oliver 
Families— Bacon  Family  of  Wiltshire— Astwell  Castle 
and  Manor,  Northants  — "  Caratch  "—  Princess  Louise 
Medal— "  Thymalos  "  :  "  Mouse  of  the  Mountains,"  189. 

REPLIES  :— Edwards's  Drawings  of  Birds,  190— Military 
and  Naval  Executions,  193— Deeds  and  Abstracts  of  Title 
—Deer-leaps,  194— M'Clelland  Family— "  Kidkok  "—The 
Cuckoo  and  its  Call — Sinecures  temp.  George  III. — 
Justus  Sustermans,  195— St.  Clement  the  Pope  and  Wyre- 
mongers— Washington  Irving's  '  Sketch-Book '— "  Gifla  "  : 
*'  Fserpinga  "  —  Ludlow  Castle,  196  —  Charles  Corbett, 
Bookseller— Princess  Victoria's  Visit  to  the  Marquis  of 
Anglesey— First  Perforated  Postage  Stamps— "J'y  suis, 
j'y  reste,"  197— Campbell  the  Scottish  Giant— Emerson  in 
England  — Apparition  at  Pirton— "Vir  bonus."  &c.— 
"  David  Hughson  "—Dr.  Edmond  Halley's  Marriage,  198 
— '  La  Carmagnole,'  199. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :  -  Coleridge's  '  Biographia  Episto- 
laris '— Fournier's  'Napoleon  I.' 

OBITUARY  :— George  Edward  Cokayne. 
Notices  to  Correspondents. 


STATUES   AND   MEMORIALS   IN    THE 
BRITISH    ISLES. 

(See  10  S.  xi.  441  ;  xii.  51,  114,  181,  401  ; 
11  S.  i.  282;  ii.  42,  242,  381  ;  iii.  22, 
222,  421.) 

MEN  OF  LETTERS. 

St.  Andrews. — Shortly  after  the  lamented 
death  of  Major  Whyte  Melville  a  memorial 
fund  was  opened.  The  result  was  that  a 
suitable  monument  was  placed  over  his 
grave  in  Tetbury  Churchyard ;  a  tablet 
in  the  Guard's  Chapel,  Wellington  Barracks  ; 
an  annuity  founded  in  connexion  with  the 
Hunt  Servants'  Benevolent  Society  ;  and 
a  memorial  fountain  erected  at  St.  Andrews, 
near  his  ancestral  home.  The  fountain  con- 
sists of  an  upper  and  lower  basin,  of  red 
sandstone  and  granite,  carved  with  water 
plants,  and  bearing  a  white  marble  medallion 
portrait  and  other  medallions  showing  an 
inscription  and  shields  of  arms,  supported 
by  five  clustered  granite  pillars,  above  and 


below.  It  was  designed  by  Mr.  Edis,  F.S.A. ; 
the  carving  was  executed  by  Mr.  Earp,  and 
the  medallion  portrait  by  Sir  J.  E.  Boehm, 
R.A.  The  cost  of  the  memorial  was  between 
700Z.  and  800?.  It  bears  the  following 
inscription  : — 

This  fountain  is  erected  by  many  friends, 
rich  and  poor,  to  the  beloved  memory  of  George 
John  Whyte  Melville,  of  Mount  Melville,  Ben- 
nochy,  and  Strathkinness ;  born  19th  July, 
1821  ;  died  5th  December,  1878,  from  an  accident 
in  the  hunting-field,  near  Tetbury,  Gloucester- 
shire. His  writings  delighted  ;  his  conversation 
charmed  and  instructed  ;  his  life  was  an  example 
to  all  who  enjoyed  his  friendship,  and  who  now 
mourn  his  untimely  end. 

Rugby. — On  24  June,  1899,  the  late 
Archbishop  of  Canterbury  (Dr.  Temple) 
unveiled  a  white  marble  statue  of  Judge 
Hughes.  It  stands  near  the  Art  School,  and 
is  the  work  of  Thomas  Brock,  R.A.  On  the 
pedestal  is  inscribed  : — 

Thomas    Hughes,    Q.C.,    M.P. 

Author   of   '  Tom   Brown.' 

Born  Oct.   xix.,   MDCCCXXII. 

Died  March  xxii.,  MDCCCXCVI. 


Watch   ye,    stand   fast    in   the   faith, 
quit  you  like  men,  be  strong. 

Lichfield  and  London. — In  the  Market- 
Place,  Lichfield,  opposite  the  house  in  which 
Dr.  Johnson  was  born,  his  statue  was 
erected  in  1838.  It  was  presented  to  the 
town  by  the  Rev.  J.  T.  Law,  Chancellor  of 
the  Diocese,  who  himself  laid  the  foundation 
stone  on  2  August,  1838.  The  pedestal  and 
statue  are  about  19  feet  high,  and  the 
learned  Doctor  is  represented  in  a  sitting 
posture,  habited  in  the  LL.D.  robe.  The 
figure  leans  slightly  forward  in  an  attitude 
of  deep  thought — the  right  hand  supports 
the  head,  and  the  left  hand  rests  upon  an 
open  scroll.  On  the  pedestal  are  shown 
in  relief  three  incidents  in  Johnson's  life  : 
1.  Seated  on  his  father's  shoulders,  listening 
to  Dr.  Sacheverell  preaching  in  Lichfield 
Cathedral ;  2.  Borne  to  school  on  the 
shoulders  of  his  companions  ;  3.  Standing 
bareheaded  in  Uttoxeter  Market-Place  as 
a  penance  for  disobedience  to  his  father. 
The  sculptor  was  Mr.  R.  Lucas,  a  native 
of  Salisbury. 

On  the  green  plot  behind  the  apse  of  the 
church  of  St.  Clement  Danes,  Strand, 
London,  a  statue  of  Johnson  was  placed 
in  August,  1910.  It  is  the  gift  and  handi- 
work of  Mr.  Percy  Fitzgerald,  who  also 
performed  the  unveiling  ceremony.  The 
statue  is  of  bronze,  and  represents  the  Doctor 
in  traditional  costume  and  full-bottomed 
wig,  after  one  of  the  Reynolds  portraits. 
His  right  arm  is  slightly  raised,  and  in  his 


182 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        tn  s.  iv.  SEPT.  2, 1911. 


left  hand  he  holds  an  open  book,  from  which 
he  appears  to  be  reading.  The  pedestal 
is  of  black  Belgian  granite  ;  on  the  front  is 
a  medallion  of  Boswell,  and  the  two  sides 
depict  scenes  from  the  life  of  Johnson.  It 
also  contains  the  following  inscription  : — 
Samuel  Johnson 

LL.D. 

Critic,  Essayist,  Philologist, 

Biographer,  Wit,  Poet,  Moralist, 

Dramatist,  Political  Writer,  Talker. 

Born  1709— Died  1784. 

The  gift  and  handiwork  of 

Percy  Fitzgerald,  F.S.A., 

and   erected  by 

The  Reva  S.  Pennington,   M.A. 

Rector  of  St.  Clement  Danes 

1910. 

Lichfield.— On  19  September,  1908,  a 
statue  of  Boswell  was  unveiled  by  Sir 
Bobertson  Nicoll  in  St.  Mary's  Square,  in 
close  proximity  to  that  of  Johnson.  It 
was  designed  and  sculptured  by  Mr.  Percy 
Fitzgerald,  and  presented  by  him  to  the  city 
of  Lichfield.  The  face  is  copied  from  the 
portrait  by  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds,  and  the 
figure  from  a  sketch  by  Langton.  Around 
the  top  of  the  pedestal  are  fixed  medallions 
of  five  friends — Burke,  Garrick,  Goldsmith, 
Reynolds,  and  Mrs.  Thrale.  Below  are 
panels  representing  scenes  in  which  Bos- 
well and  Johnson  took  part — '  In  the 
Hebrides,'  '  Admission  to  the  Club,'  and 
'  Supping  at  the  Three  Crowns.' 

Canterbury. — Sir  Henry  Irving  unveiled 
a  memorial  to  Christopher  Marlowe,  poet 
and  dramatist,  on  16  September,  1891.  It 
is  placed  on  the  site  of  the  old  Butter  Market, 
at  the  lower  end  of  Mercery  Lane,  near 
Christchurch  Gate.  The  memorial  is  sur- 
mounted by  a  bronze  statue  of  the  Lyric 
Muse,  below  which  are  niches  containing 
figures  representing  '  Tamburlaine  the  Great,' 
*  Faustus,'  '  Edward  II.,'  and  '  The  Jew  of 
Malta.'  On  the  pedestal  is  inscribed  :— 

Christopher  Marlowe 
Born  at  Canterbury  1564 
Died  at  Deptford  1593. 

The  memorial  was  erected  by  subscrip 
tions,  chiefly  raised  among  members  o 
the  literary  and  dramatic  professions.  I 
was  designed  and  executed  by  the  lat< 
Mr.  Onslow  Ford,  R.A. 

Bristol. — In  1840  a  monument  to  Chatter 
ton  was  erected  close  by  the  church  of  St 
Mary  Redcliffe.  It  was  "placed  at  the  north 
west  angle  of  the  churchyard,  between  the 
tower  and  the  north  porch,  but  has  sine 
been  removed  to  the  north-eastern  angle  o 
the  churchyard,  opposite  the  school  whicl 
Chatterton  attended.  It  was  designed  bj 


fr.  S.  C.  Fripp,  Jun.,  of  Bristol,  and  is  thus 
escribed  : — 

"  It  is  pentagonal  in  plan,  raised  upon  three 
graduated  steps  ;  from  the  base  it  is  divided 
ertically  into  three  compartments,  the  lowest 
lied  with  an  inscription,  with  buttresses  at  the 
ngles,  the  space  between  each  being  occupied 
y  a  deep  niche.  In  the  central  niche  is  an  open 
croll,  inscribed  '  The  Poems  of  Rowley.'  The 
anopies  of  these  niches  and  the  buttress-tops  are 
ichly  carved  with  flowers  and  figures  of  grotesque 
nimals.  The  third  compartment  is  formed  of 
ve  small  pillars,  with  ogee  arched  heads  and; 
arved  spandrils,  and  a  central  pillar  supporting 
tie  statue  of  Chatterton,  which  crowns  it.  He  is 
epresented  in  the  dress  of  Colston's  School, 
-here  he  was  educated,  and  from  his  left  hand 
alls  down  a  long  scroll,  inscribed,  '  Ella,  a  Tra- 
edie.'  " 

On  the  panels  are  the  following  inscrip- 
ions : — 

1.  To  the  memory 

of 

Thomas  Chatterton. 

Reader!   judge  not.     If  thou  art  a  Christian, 
>elieve  that  he  shall  be  judged  by  a  superior 
ower  :      to  that  Power  alone  is  he  now  answer- 
able. 

2.  A  poor  and  friendless  boy  was  he  to  whom.. 
[s  raised  this  monument,  without  a  tomb  : 
There  seek  his  dust,  there  o'er  his  genius  sigh, 
Where  famished  outcasts  unrecorded  lie  : 

Here  let  his  name,  for  here  his  genius  rose 
To  might  of  ancient  days,  in  peace  repose  ! 
Here,  wondrous  boy  I  to  more  than  want  consigned, 
To  cold  neglect,  worse  famine  of  the  mind  : 
All  uncongenial,  the  bright  world  within, 
To  that  without,  of  darkness  and  of  sin, 
He  lived  a  mystery — died.     Here,  reader,  pause  ; 
Let  God  be  judge,  and  Mercy  plead  the  cause. 
(Stated  to  be  from  the  pen  of  the  Rev.  J.  Eagles.) 

3.  A  Posthumous  Child. 

Born  in  this  parish  Nov.  20,  1752. 
Died  in  London  Aug.  24,  1770.       Mb.  18. 

4.  Admitted  into  Colston's  School  Aug.  3, 1760- 

Dunelmus  Bristoliensis  1768. 
Rowlie  1469  1769. 

On  the  base  beneath  the  first  inscription:  — 

Erected  by  Subscription 

A.D.  1840. 

Helpston,  Northamptonshire.  —  In  1867 
an  unpretentious  memorial  was  erected  to 
the  Peasant  Poet,  John  Clare,  in  the  centre 
of  his  native  village.  The  base  is  square, 
and  the  upper  part  cylindrical,  terminating 
with  a  cone  and  a  carved  stone  finial.  The 
four  sides  of  the  base  are  thus  inscribed  : — 
(Front:)  This  Memorial 

is  erected  to  perpetuate 
the  memory  of 

John  Clare 
the  Northamptonshire 

Peasant  Poet 

A  native  of  this  village. 

Born  July  13,  1793.     Died  May  20,  1864. 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  2,  mi.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


183= 


(West  side  :) 

Oh  let  one  wish,  go  where  I  will,  be  mine, 
To  turn  my  back  and  wander  home  to  die, 

'Mong  nearest  friends  my  latest  breath  resign, 
And  in  the  churchyard  with  my  kindred  lie. 

Clare. 

(North  side:) 

The  grave  its  mortal  dust  may  keep 

Where  tombs  and  ashes  lie  ; 
Death  only  shall  Time's  harvest  reap, 

For  genius  cannot  die.  Clare. 

(East  side  :) 

The  bard  his  glory  ne'er  receives 

Where  Summer's  common  flowers  are  seen, 

But  Winter  finds  it,  when  she  leaves 
A  laurel  only  green. 

And  time  from  that  eternal  tree 

Shall  weave  a  wreath  to  honour  thee. 

Clare. 

At  the  same  time  a  coped  memorial  stone 
was  placed  over  Clare's  grave  in  Helpston 
Churchyard.  It  contains  the  following 
inscription  : — 

Sacred  to  the  memory  of 

John  Clare, 

the  Northamptonshire  Peasant  Poet, 

Born  July  13,  1793.     Died  May  20,  1864. 

A  poet  is  born,  not  made. 

Bury    St.    Edmunds. — On    2    November, 
1909,    Lady    Evelyn    Guinness    unveiled    a 
memorial   to    "  Ouida,"    at   a   point   where 
three  roads  intersect,  on  the  outskirts  of  the 
town,  and  a  short  distance  from  the  house 
in   which   the  novelist   was   born.     It   was 
erected  by  voluntary  subscriptions  collected 
by    The    Daily    Mirror,    and     is    executed 
in  stone  from  the  designs  of  Mr.  Ernest  G 
Gillick  of  Chelsea.     At  the  base  are  drinking 
troughs   for  animals.     The  memorial  is   in 
the  form  of  a  rectangular  fountain  basin 
from  the  centre  of  which  rises  a  pier  flankec 
by    two    figures    in    bronze,    symbolic    o: 
Courage     and     Sympathy.     The     principa 
face  of  the  pier  is  occupied  by  a    bronze 
relief  portrait  of   "  Ouida "    and  the  arms 
of  Bury  St.  Edmunds.     It  also  contains  the 
following     inscription,    written     by     Lore 
Curzon  : — 

OUIDA 

Louise  de  la  Ram£e 
Born  at  Bury  St.  Edmunds 

1  January,  1839 
Died  at  Viareggio,  Italy 

25  January,  1908 
Her  friends  have 
erected  this  fountain 
in  the  place  of  her  birth. 


Here  may  God's  creatures 

whom  she  loved 
Assuage  her  tender  soul 
as  they  drink. 


At  the  back  is  the  following  : — 

This  memorial  was 

erected  from  funds 

subscribed  by 

readers  of  the 

'  Daily  Mirror  ' 

and  by  friends 

and  admirers   in  all 

parts  of  the  world. 

Whitby. — On  a  bold  promontory  on  the- 

bbey   Plain   a   cross   was   erected   to   the- 

nemory  of  the  Saxon  poet  Caedmon  in  1898'. 

!anon  Rawnsley  was  the  prime  mover  in? 

he  matter,  and  the  cross  was  unveiled  by 

Mr.    Alfred  Austin,   the  Poet  Laureate,  on 

21    September,    1898.     It    stands    20    feet 

ligh,  and  was  designed  by  Mr.  C.  C.  Hodges 

>f  Hexham.     On  the  front  of  the  shaft  are 

anels  containing  figures  of  Christ  in   the 

ict  of  blessing,  David  playing  upon  the  harp, 

he    Abbess    Hilda,  and    Csedmon    inspired 

,o  sing  while  in  the  stable. 

"  The  obverse  shows  a  double  vine,  symbolical 
>f  Christ,  in  the  loops  of  which  are  four  great 
icholars  trained  at  Whitby  in  Csedmon's  time, 
whilst  underneath  are  the  first  nine  lines  of  the 
poet's  Hymn  of  the  Creation.  The  two  sides  of 
:he  cross  contain  respectively  a  conventionalized 
English  wild  rose,  with  birds  and  animals,  andi 
an  apple  tree,  emblematical  of  Eden,  conven- 
tionalized also,  with  other  birds  and  animals- 
somewhat  after  the  manner  of  the  treatment  of 
i>he  sides  of  the  Bewcastle  and  Ruth  well  Crosses- 
The  head  of  the  cross  contains  the  Agnus  Deiy 
and  the  symbols  of  the  four  Evangelists  on  the 
one  side,  and  on  the  other,  bosses  and  knotwork.' 

On  the  front  at  the  base  is  this  inscription  : 

To  the  glory 

of  God  and  in 

Memory  of 

Caedmon 

the  Father 

of  English 

Sacred  Song, 

fell  asleep 
hard  by — 680. 

Stoke  Poges,  Buckinghamshire. — In  1799 
Mr.  Granville  Penn,  grandson  of  the  cele- 
brated William  Penn,  erected  a  memorial 
to  the  poet  Gray  in  a  field  about  a  hundred 
yards  from  Stoke  Poges  Church.  It  forms 
the  termination  of  one  of  the  views  from 
Stoke  House,  and  consists  of  a  large  sar- 
cophagus supported  on  a  tall  square  pedestal. 
On  three  sides  are  inscribed  selections  from 
the  *  Elegy  '  and  the  '  Ode  to  Eton  College  '  i. 
and  on  the  fourth  is  the  following  : — 

This  monument  in  honour  of 

Thomas  Gray  ; 

was  erected  A.D.  1799 

among  the  scenery 

celebrated  by  that  great 

Lyric  and  Elegiac  Poet. 

He  died  in  1771, 


184 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        m  s.  iv.  SEPT.  2, 1911. 


and  lies  unnoticed  in  the  adjoining  churchyard  | 
under  the  tombstone  on  which  he  piously  |  and 
pathetically  recorded  the  interment  |  of  his  aunt 
and  lamented  mother. 

In  more  recent  times  an  inscribed  slab 
has  also  been  placed  over  the  poet's  grave 
in  the  churchyard. 

I  shall  be  grateful  if  any  correspondent 
will  kindly  send  me  copies  of  the  inscriptions 
on  the  memorials  of  Tennyson  (Lincoln)  ; 
Cook  (Belfast)  ;  Elliott  and  Montgomery 
(Sheffield);  Buchanan  (Killeara);  Withers 
(Fordham) ;  and  Ruskin  (Friar's  Crag). 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

Turvey,  Beds.  —  Personal  inspection 
yielded  no  information  regarding  the  third 
and  last  of  MR.  PAGE'S  Bedfordshire  queries 
{11  S.  ii.  243),  but  I  cull  the  following  from 
the  local  guide-book  to  Turvey,  written 
by  G.  F.  W.  Munby  and  Thomas  Wright 
<2nd  ed.,  1894,  p.  15)  :— 

"  Close  to  the  river  is  the  '  Three  Fishes  '  inn, 
a  picturesque  hostelry  with  projecting  gables, 
which  dates  from  1624,  and  hard  by  in  the  water, 
and  facing  the  bridge,  is  a  group  in  Portland  stone, 
representing  Jonah  and  the  '  whale,'  which 
formerly  occupied  the  centre  of  the  cloisters 
attached  to  a  Convent  of  Augustinian  Friars 
at  Ashridge,  in  the  parish  of  Pitstone,  Bucking- 
hamshire, where  it  was  a  conspicuous  object. 
The  convent  was  taken  down  about  the  year 
1802.  The  statue  was  placed  in  its  present 
position  by  Mr.  John  Higgins  of  Turvey  Abbey 
in  1844." 

W.    R.    B.    PRIDEAUX. 

Flitwick,  Beds. 


ST.    NICHOLAS,    COLE   ABBEY: 
INSCRIPTIONS. 

NEARLY  all  the  inscriptions  are  on  wall- 
tablets.  These  notes  are  not  verbal  tran- 
scripts, but  contain  all  material  facts.  They 
were  made  chiefly  by  myself  three  or  four 
years  ago,  with  very  considerable  help  from 
Mr.  C.  R.  White.  I  have  added  a  few 
references.  Some  of  the  tablets  may  have 
been  removed  from  the  destroyed  churches 
of  the  other  parishes  now  united  with  Cole 
Abbey. 

1.  Elizabeth,    wife    of    Mr.    Alexander    Adam, 
of  Bermondsey,  co.  Surrey,  tanner,  d.  30  Nov., 
1789,  in  her  54th  year. 

2.  Gulielmus  Alchorne,   19   Jan.,   1819,   eetatis 
suse   65.     Eheu !     quam   flebilis   occidit   conjugi, 
matri,  progeniei  et  amicis. 

3.  [A  marble  and  bronze  tablet,  holding  a  bust 
of   Alfred   the    Great:]     "Presented  in   memory 
of  Queen  Victoria,  by  Richard  C.  Jackson,  Esq., 
F.S.A.,    the   Millenary    of   Alfred,    1901.     Alfred 
the  Great,  born  849,  died  901.     I  desire  to  live 
worthily  all  my  days  that  after  death  1  might 


leave  to  my  successors  a  memory  of  good  work 
done." 

4.  John  Valentine  Austin,  B.A.,  late  rector  of 
this  parish,  d.  13  July,  1850,  in  his  39th  year. 
[Eldest  s.  of  James  A.,  of  Marylebone  ;    matric. 
at  Exeter  Coll.,  30  Apr.,   1829   (Foster).     There 
was  a   John  V.   A.,   B.A.,   Rector   of  Hucknall 
Torkard  1837-45.] 

5.  William  Bedford,   M.D.,   F.R.C.P.,   &c.,   d. 
10  Jul.,  1747,  anno  aetatis  42.     Erected  by  his  wife 
Elizabeth.     His   widow   Elizabeth    d.    29    Sept., 
1790,  aged  87  years  2  months  and  13  days.     Both 
buried  in  the   cemetery   of  St.    Nicholas   Olave. 
Erected  by  her  daughter  and  heiress  Elizabeth. 
[Two  long  inscriptions  in  Latin  ;    see  '  D.N.B.'  ; 
Musgrave's     '  Obit.'  ;      Munk's     '  Roll     R.C.P.,' 
1861,  ii.  122,  where  the  first  part  is  printed.] 

6.  John    Clay,    formerly     of     Cambridge,     d. 
suddenly  at  his  son's  residence,  Bread  Street  Hill, 
17  Feb.,  1841,  aged  83  ;   buried  south  side  of  the 
aisle. 

George  Robert,  b.  19  Aug.,  1829  ;  d.  13  Oct., 
1829.— Fanny,  b.  9  Apr.,  1831  ;  d.  26  Feb.,  1832. 
— Georgiana  Mary,  b.  15  Jan.,  1833  ;  d.  10  Jan., 
1834.— Francis,  b.  25  June,  1834  ;  d.  12  Apr., 
1836.  Children  of  Richard  and  Susanna  Clay, 
and  grandchildren  of  John  Clay  ;  buried  in  the 
same  grave. 

[The  well-known  Cambridge  printers  ;  Boase, 
'  Mod.  Eng.  Biog.'] 

7.  Mr.  John  Comley,  late  of  the  parish  of  St. 
Mary    Mounthaw,    d.    30    March,    1804,    in    his 
29th  year.     Erected  by  the  Rev.  William  Alphon- 
sus  Gunn,  lecturer  of  these  parishes,  as  a  tribute 
of  respect  to  his  friend.     [Gunn  was  son  of  Wil- 
liam G.,  of  Rotherhithe,  matric.  at  Magd.  Hall, 
27   Nov.,   1778,  aged  18   (Foster)  ;   curate  of  St. 
Mary  Woolnoth  under  John  Newton,  and  one  of 
the    originators   of   the    C.M.S.,    1799.     He    died 
about  the  end  of  1805,  and  Pratt  succeeded  him 
as  Newton's  curate  ('  Mem.  Josiah  Pratt,'  1849, 
pp.     14,     48).     An    English     clergyman    named 
Gunn  officiated  at  the  marriage  of  the  Duke  of 
Sussex  in  Rome,  1793  ('  D.N.B.,'  ii.  257).] 

8.  [A  brass  plate  on  one  of  the  choir  desks:] 
Henry  Cooper,  b.   11   Nov.,   1856  ;     d.   22   Dec., 
1905  ;   tenor  soloist  and  choirmaster  for  18  years, 
during  the  Rev.  H.  C.  Shuttle  worth's  rectorship. 

9.  [On  an  oak  panel  inlaid  with   pearl:]     Sic 
Deus   dilexit  mundum.     [A  Spanish  painting   of 
the  Crucifixion,  about  1620.]     In  loving  memory 
of  Mary  M.   Douglas.     [Mary   Matilda   Douglas, 
d.  9  Oct.,  1905.] 

10.  Mr.  Thomas  Funge,  citizen  and  carpenter, 
50  years  an  inhabitant  of  this  parish,  d.  13  Nov., 
1767,    aged    78.     Erected    by    Mary    Funge    his 
widow   and   executrix.     She    d.    11    Dec.,    1774, 
aged  85,  having  been  49  years  his  wife. 

11.  Frederic  Edward,  son  of  Frederic  and  Ann 
Gibson,  late  of  this  parish,  d.  10  Jan.,  1790,  aged  4. 
— Joseph    Paice,    Esq.,    sometime    of    this    city, 
merchant,  d.  4  Sept.,  1810,  at  his  desire  buried 
in  the  same  grave. 

12.  Mr.  William  Gilkes,  of  this  parish  and  of 
Hampstead  Heath,  d.  16  Feb.,  1827,  in  his  61st 
year. — Elizabeth  his   only  daughter,    d.    of   con- 
sumption,  15    Nov.,    1820,   in  her  16th    year. — 
The    Rev.    William    Gilkes,    M.A.,    of   Pembroke 
Coll.,  Oxford,  d.  21  Feb.,  TB44,  aged  37.— Eliza- 
beth, wife  of  Mr.  William  Gilkes,  d.  28  Aug.,  1848, 
aged  81.     [The  Rev.  W.  G.,  only  son  of  Wm., 
of  Hampstead,  B.A.  1829,  M.A.  1832,  of  Little- 
hampton,  Sussex,  d.  at  Brighton  (Foster).] 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  2,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


185 


13.  Edward    Hobson    Hancock,    d.    IT    Jan., 
1814,    in   his    llth    year. — Joseph    Hancock,    d. 
9  Aug.,  1817,  aged  14.— Samuel  Hancock,  Esq., 
father  of  above,  d.  29  Nov.,  1817,  aged  48. — John 
Hancock,   Esq.,   brother   of  Samuel,   d.   4   Nov., 
1821,  aged  64. 

14.  [A  walnut  panel,  inlaid  with  pearl:]     Lux 
Mundi.     [A   painting    of   the    Adoration   of    the 
Magi,  one  of  the  figures  being  a  portrait  of  T.H.] 
Thomas  Hancock,  20  years  assistant  priest  and 
lecturer  in  this  church,  b.   19   June,   1832  ;    d. 
24  Sept.,  1903. 

15.  Mr.   Richard  Harris,   son  of  Richard  and 
Sophia  Harris,  d.  at  Lisbon,  18  Sept.,  1825,  in  his 
23rd  year. — Family  vault  in  middle  aisle. 

16.  Joseph   Hulme,    Esq.,   formerly   of   Bread 
Street  Hill,  and  late  of  Islington,  d.  12  Oct.,  1826, 
in  his  80th  year. 

17.  Thomas  Langley,  Esq.,  many  years  wine 
merchant   of   York   Street,    Covent    Garden,    d. 
30    Dec.,    1787,   aged  77.— Hannah   his   wife,   d. 
6  Nov.,  1761,  aged  64.— In  middle  aisle. 

18.  Elizabeth    Ann,     wife     of    Mr.     Nicholas 
Maughan,     of     Earl     Street,     Blackfriars,     only 
daughter  of  Mr.  John  Sheffield,  of  Brixton  Hill, 
Surrey,  d.  2  July,  1835,  in  her  24th  year. 

19.  Matilda,  25  years  wife  of  the  Rev.  John 
Mitchel,  M.A.,  rector  of  this  parish,  d.  15  Jan., 
1830.     [He  was  son  of  John  M.,  Rector  of  Grendon, 
Warwick;     of    Wore.    Coll.,    Oxf.,    B.A.    1794. 
M.A.  1797  ;    Rector  of  St.  N.'s  1817  to  his  death 
4  Apr.,  1846  (Foster).] 

20.  George   Nelson,  Esq.,  late  Lord   Mayor  of 
London,  d.  23  Nov.,  1766,  aged  57. — Mary  Nelson, 
his  2nd  wife. — Erected  by  his  only  son  George. 
[See  Musgrave's  '  Obit.'  ;    Fennell's  '  Researches 
respecting  Family  History,'  1866,  p.  43  ;    he  was 
very  rich.] 

21.  Helen    Jane    Roper,    b.    29    Nov.,    1839  ; 
d.  29  Jan.,  1907. — The  north  and  south  portions 
of  the  east  wall  were  decorated  to  her  memory, 
1908. 

22.  [Three  panels  of  bronze,  ebony,  and  marble  : 
Shuttleworth  arms,  3  shuttles,  and  motto  "  Utile, 
dulce  "  :]     Henry  Gary  Shuttleworth,  M.A.,  Ox- 
ford, sometime  Minor  Canon  of  St.  Paul's  Cathe- 
dral,   Professor    of    Pastoral    Theology,    King's 
Coll.,  London,  for  nearly  17  years  the  beloved 
Rector  of  the  parish  of  St.  Nicholas,  Cole  Abbey. 
Born  20  Dec.,  1850  ;    died  24  Oct.,  1900.     His 
ashes  are  immured  in  the  parish  church  of  his 
native    village,    Egloshayle,    Wadebridge,    Corn- 
wall. 

23.  [On  brass,  diamond-wise,  on  the  floor  near 
the  font :]     Thomas,  son  of  John  Joseph  and  Alice 
Skilbeck,  d.  11  Mar.,  1817,  aged  14  ;    the  above- 
named  Alice  d.   10  Feb.,   1825,  aged  47.     [The 
father  was  a  drysalter,  22,  Bread    Street  Hill ; 
the  son  entered  St.  Paul's  School  14  Aug.,  1813 
('  Adm.  Reg.,'  ed.  Gardiner,  1884,  p.  246).] 

24.  Mr.  John  Vaston,  late  of  Bread  Street  Hill, 
merchant,  d.  1  Dec.,  1810,  aged  83. 

25.  [On  brass,    on   the   altar-foot-pace :   arms 
of  the  Bowyers'   Company,  and  motto  "  Crecy, 
Poictiers,  Agincourt  "  :]  James  Wood,  of  London, 
citizen  and  bowyer,  buried  near  this  spot  23  July, 
MDCXXIX..    This  altar-step  was  relaid  1903,  by 
the  Worshipful  Company  of  Bowyers,  in  grateful 
remembrance  of  his  benefaction. 


26.  Three    tablets    in    memory    of     departed 
members  of  the  congregation,  from  1885  to  1908r 
50  names. 

27.  [In  gilt  letters  on  a  black  board  :]     Bene- 
factions to  the  poor  of  the  United  Parishes  of 
St.  Nicholas  Cole  Abbey  and  St.  Nicholas  Olave. 

Per   annum. 
£     s.    d~ 

1535.     Mr.  Weston 0     6     & 

1572.     Mr.  T.  Jennings  . .  . .        0  13     4~ 

1631.     Mrs.  Ann  Broomsgrove  . .        1     0     O1 

1641.     Mr.     T.     Haselfoot,     for     the 
minister,  clerk  and  sexton,  also 
bread  for  the  poor        . .          . .     24     0     0 
1651.     Mr.  David  Smith          . .          .  .       084 
1662.     Mr.  John  Haydon        . .          . .       500- 
1692.     Mr.  John  Hockley       . .          . .       500" 
1766.     Mr.  James  Wood          . .          . .       050- 

1566.     Lady  Leonard  . .          . .       2     0     0 

1582.     Barnard  Randolph,  Esq.         . .        100- 
1586.     Mrs.  Alice  Field  ..          ..        0  13     4 

1694.     Mr.  Justice  Randall     . .          . .        180" 
1704.     Mr.  Thomas  Hedger,  for  bread, 

per  arm.  11.  17s.  5d.  ;  since  1816       10  10  0> 
1819.     Messrs.  Blyth,  Inglis  &  Co.,  No.  9, 
Old  Fish  St.,  for  window  lights 
into  the  churchyard      . .          . .          0  12  0 
1819.     Mr.    John    Reynolds,    No.    5, 
Bread  Street  Hill,  for  window 
lights  into  the  churchyard       . .       050- 

This  Church  was  Rebuilt  by  Act  of  Parliament 
after  the  dreadful  fire  of  London,  A.D.  1666.  Sir 
Christopher  Wren  architect.  The  cost  was- 
5,500Z. 

28.  [On  a  brass  plate  in  the  vestry.]     In  1871 
the  New  District  Railway  Co.  paid  1681?.   10s~ 
compensation   for    damage    done   to   the    church 
in  making  their  line.     In  that  year  the  united 
parishes   of   St.    Mary   Somerset   and   St.    Mary 
Mounthaw   were   united,    ecclesiastically,   to   St. 
Nicholas   Cole   Abbey  with   St.   Nicholas   Olave. 
The  church  of  St.  Mary  Somerset  was  pulled  down,, 
and  1028J.,  part  of   the  proceeds  of  the  sale,  was 
reserved    for    the    repair    of    St.    Nicholas    Cole 
Abbey.     These  two  sums,  together  with  money 
received  from  the  estates  of  St.   Nicholas  Cole 
Abbey  and  St.  Nicholas  Olave,  were  expended  in 
the  restoration  of  the  former,  in  1873,  under  a 
committee    consisting    of    the    rector    and    the 
churchwardens    of    the    four    parishes  :     Henry" 
Stebbing,  Rector  ;    David  Palmer,  Charles  Star- 
buck,  Cole  Abbey  ;   Charles  Todd,  Joseph  Taylor,. 
Olave  ;  Henry  Cockings,  John  Odhams,  Somerset  ? 
Thomas  Cross,  John  Kahn,  Mounthaw. 

W.  C.  B. 


KITTY  CLIVE. — It  is  said  that  Mrs.  Clive- 
was  born  in  London  in  1711.  This  year  is 
therefore  the  bicentenary  of  her  birth. 
She  died  on  7  December,  1785,  at  the  house- 
known  as  Little  Strawberry  Hill,  Surrey,, 
which  had  been  placed  at  her  disposal  by 
her  friend  and  neighbour  Horace  Walpole- 
She  was  buried  in  Twickenham  Churchyard,, 
and  on  the  outer  east  wall  of  the  chancel  is- 
a  plain  tablet  to  her  memory.  Thence  1 


186 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s.  iv.  SEPT.  2,  ion. 


•copied    the    following    lines    on    14    June, 
1886  : 

Sacred  to  the  memory  of 

Mrs.  Catherine  Olive 
who  died  December  the  7th,  1785 

aged  75  years. 

Olive's  blameless  life  this  tablet  shall  proclaim, 
Her  moral  virtues  and  her  well  earn'd  fame. 
In  comic  scenes  the  stage  she  early  trod, 
•"  Nor  sought  the  critic's  praise  nor  fear'd  his  rod." 
In  real  life  was  equal  praise  her  due, 
Open  to  pity  and  to  friendship  too  ; 
In  wit  still  pleasing,  as  in  converse  free 
'From  all  that  could  afflict  humanity  : 
Her  gen'rous  heart  to  all  her  friends  was  known 
And  ev'n  the  stranger's  sorrows  were  her  own. 
•Content  with  fame,  ev'n  affluence  she  wav'd, 
To  share  with  others  what  by  toil  she  sav'd  ; 
And,  nobly  bounteous,  from  her  slender  store, 
•She  bade  two  dear  relations  not  be  poor  I 
«uch  deeds  on  life's  short  scenes  true  glory  shed, 
And  heav'nly  plaudits  hail  the  virtuous  dead. 

The  above  lines  were  written  by  Mrs.  dive's 
friend  and  fellow-actress  Miss  Jane  Pope. 

I  am  aware  that  most  books,  including 
the  'D.N.B.,'  give  6  December  as  the  date 
of  death.  With  regard  to  her  age,  she  was 
probably  born  early  in  the  year  1711,  and 
would  therefore  be  in  her  75th  year  at  the 
time  of  her  death. 

Walpole  placed  an  urn  to  Mrs.  Olive's 
•memory  in  the  garden  of  Little  Strawberry 
Hill  bearing  the  following  lines,  written  by 
himself  : — 

Ye  smiles  and  jests,  still  hover  round, 
This  is  mirth's  consecrated  ground  : 
Here  liv'd  the  laughter-loving  Dame, 
A  matchless  actress,  Clive  her  name. 
The  Comic  Muse  with  her  retir'd, 
And  shed  a  tear  when  she  expir'd. 

Does  this  memorial  still  exist  ? 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 
Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

PLASSE  :  WEEKES  :  GLTJBB. — As  there 
would  seem  to  be  some  connexion  between 
these  names,  I  think  it  may  be  of  use  to 
genealogists  to  note  here  a  few  instances  of 
their  occurrence. 

William  Plasse  (see  also  my  reply  at  11  S. 
iii.  210)  and  John  Weekes  are  among  the 
signatories  to  a  petition  addressed  to  the 
King  by  inhabitants  of  "  Whitechapel  & 
St.  Butolph's  without  Aldgate,"  for  relief 
from  the  noisome  vapours  issuing  from 
certain  alumworks  erected  by  one  Turner 
.at  the  west  end  of  Wapping  (see  Stow'j 
*  Survey,'  enlarged  by  Munday,  1633 
iol.  562). 

u.  H.  Burn's  '  Catalogue  of  London  Trad< 
Tokens  '  (p.  206)  describes  one  token  thus 
•*'  Obverse,  ISAAC  WEEKES^IN  (a  cow  in  th 


ield);   reverse,   WHITECHAPEL   (in  the  field 
.  M.  W.)." 

A  list  of  tenants  of  Richard  Weekes  in 
.674,  of  lands  and  tenements  that  in  1661 
lad  belonged  to  John  Weekes  of  North 
Wyke,  Esq.,  includes  John  Please  as  co- 
enant,  with  John  Wolfe  alias  Durant,  of  a 
nessuage  and  over  150  acres  in  Zeale 
Monachorum,  Devon  (Coram  Rege  Roll, 
Vlich.  26  Car.  II.  rri.  cxcix). 

Among  the  title-deeds  of  Hawkesland,  in 
Broad  wood  Kelly,  .Devon,  which  Mr.  Wil- 
iam   Summerhayes  kindly   allowed  me  to 
xamine  in   1905,  was  a  release  in  fee,  27 
December,    1770,    of   that   estate,    by   Mr. 
Fohn  Glubb,  to  Mr.  William  Summerhayes 
the  present  owner's  grandfather).     It  cites 
a  will  of  Peter  Glubb,  late  of  Torrington, 
brother  to  John  Glubb,  dated  14  December, 
1759,  devising  property  to  Elizabeth  Please 
f    Peter    Marland,    Devon,    spinster.     Her 
signature  appears  on  this  indenture  above 
a  seal  displaying  the  Wykes  arms,  Ermine, 
3  battleaxes,  2  and  1,  within  a  circle  (not  a 
shield),  and  with  a  bird  (dove  ?)  standing 
ipon  it,  which  is  not  a  Wykes  or  Weekes 
crest.      The  seal   may,  however,  not   have 
Deen  her  own,  but  acquired  by  the  lawyer 
:rom  a  former  (seventeenth-century)  Wykes 
ord  of  the  manor  of  Broadwood  Kelly. 

At  the  Record  Office  I  find  in  a  docket  of 
the  Signet  Office,  November,  1660,  the  pre- 
sentation of  Peter  Glubb  to  the  rectory  of 
Hunshawe  in  the  diocese  of  Exeter. 

ETHEL  LEG  A- WEEKES. 

ST.  MABY-LE-BONE  CHARITY  SCHOOL. — 
The  stone  bearing  the  following  inscription 
was  removed  from  the  outside  of  the  school 
wall,  Marylebone  Road,  on  or  about  25  July, 
1910:— 

St.  Mary-le-bone 

Charity  School 

for  the  Maintenance  and  Education  of 

the  Daughters  of  Poor  Inhabitants 
Supported  solely  by  Voluntary  Contributions 

Founded  A.D.  1750. 
Removed  to  this  site  A.D.  1838. 

Affixed  to  the  same  wall,  i.e.  the  original 

boundary    wall,     was,     and    perhaps     still 

(July,  1911)  is,  a  board,  30  inches  high  by 

45  inches  wide,  exhibiting  the  following  : — 

Se  Marylebone  School  for  Girls 

The  Daughters  of  Parishioners 

who  have  resided  Two  Years  in  the  Parish 

are  eligible  for  this  School. 
Girls  are  admissible  between  the  Ages  of 

Eight  and  Twelve. 

For  Information  respecting  the  Election  of  Girls 

Apply  to  the  Matron  at  the  School,  House 

Entrance  in  Devonshire  Place  North. 

D.  G.  Crisp,  Secretary. 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  2,  ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


187 


After  the  word  "  North  "  is  a  hand  pointing 
out  the  direction. 

The  school  migrated  in  1910  or  earlier  to 
Rochester  House,  Ealing. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

"  BOMBAY  DUCK."— The  Times  of  24  May 
last  contained  the  following  paragraph  : — 

"  The  '  Bombay  Duck  '  is  a  fish  called  the 
foummelo,  caught  in  large  quantities  outside 
Bombay  Harbour,  though  it  is  found  on  all 
the  coasts  of  India.  Fried  when  fresh  caught 
it  makes  very  delicate  eating,  and  in  the  opinion 
of  some  epicures  is  superior  to  the  more  famous 
Bombay  pomfret.  When  dried  in  the  sun, 
after  being  split  open,  it  is  broken  up  and  eaten 
with  curry  or  kedgeree,  and  it  is  only  in  the 
dried  form  that  it  is  known  as  '  Bombay  duck.' 
The  origin  of  the  expression  is  quite  unknown. 
Unless  mixed  with  curry,  Bombay  duck  is  a 
most  unattractive  article  of  diet.  It  is  now 
obtainable  from  many  provision  dealers  in  Eng- 
land." 

JAS.  CURTIS,  F.S.A. 

[The  late  MR.  DONALD  FERGUSON  printed  at 
10  S.  xii.  5  an  extract  showing  that  at  the  end 
of  the  eighteenth  century  the  term  "  Bombay 
duck  "  for  a  fish  was  regarded  as  a  sailors'  joke.] 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


"  SENSE-CARRIER." —  This  word,  appa- 
rently meaning  "  one  who  expresses  or 
conveys  the  Views  of  a  body  of  persons," 
is  used  by  Prof.  Dowden  in  his  'Life  of 
Shelley,'  and  by  Mr.  Justin  McCarthy  in 
his  *  History  of  our  Times '  and  in  his 
novel  '  The  Dictator.'  I  have  also  one  or 
two  examples  from  newspapers.  The  word  is 
new  to  me.  Is  it  current  in  Ireland,  and, 
if  so,  is  it  the  rendering  of  some  Celtic 
expression  ?  Or  is  it  the  invention  of  some 
writer  or  orator  ?  HENRY  BRADLEY. 

Oxford. 

"CYTEL"  IN  ANGLO-SAXON  NAMES.— 
PROF.  SKEAT  says  at  11  S.  iii.  418  :  "  English 
names  frequently  began  with  Wolf,  without 
any  mythological  reference  whatever."  Can 
he  explain  the  signification  of  the  names 
Ulfcytel  and  Thurcytel,  two  noted  leaders 
who  fought  in  the  battle  between  the  Saxons 
and  Danes  at  Assandun  ?  A.-S.  cytel  means 
kettle,  I  believe  ;  but  what  would  "  Wolf- 
kettle  "  and  "  Thorskettle  "  imply  in  early 
English  nomenclature  ?  N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 


STREET  NOMENCLATURE. — Has  any  modern 
written  on  the  philosophy  of  street  nomen- 
clature ?  I  am  at  a  loss  to  understand  why 
most  streets  are  "  Nicodemus'd  into  nothing  " 
— as  Sterne  says — by  the  absurd  names 
given  them  in  their  baptism  by  unthinking 
city  fathers. 

Also,  what  is  the  best  model  to  follow 
in  a  little  pamphlet  giving  an  account  of  the 
origin  and  meaning  of  the  street-names  in  a 
large  town  ?  INDICUS. 

Bombay. 

PAYMENT  OF  MEMBERS  OF  PARLIAMENT. — 
In  a  query  purely  historical  I  do  not  wish  to 
introduce  a  single  word  that  might  lead  to 
political  argument.  I  simply  wish  to  ask. 
When  and  where  was  the  latest  instance  ? 
It  is  a  subject  with  which  I  am  familiar, 
having  some  years  ago  compiled  a  list 
which  appeared  in  a  newspaper.  I  believe 
this  was  separately  printed,  but  I  never 
saw  a  copy.  Since  then  I  have  come  across 
many  instances,  and  have  noted  some  of 
them. 

In  the  columns  of  a  newspaper  of  the  5th 
of  April  of  this  year  it  was  stated  that  the 
last  member  paid  was  Andrew  Marvell, 
M.P.  for  Hull  in  the  Long  Parliament  from 
1661  till  his  death  in  1678.  This  is  wrong, 
as  numerous  instances  occur  of  payments 
subsequent  to  this.  In  1681  the  member  for 
Harwich  obtained  a  writ  for  his  expenses. 
In  1686  Abingdon  was  ordered  to  send 
burgesses  to  Parliament  at  the  cost  of  the 
borough,  as  the  custom  was  in  other  boroughs 
('  Records  of  the  Borough  of  Abingdon,' 
pp.  75-8). 

In  Scotland  the  custom  lasted  after  the 
union  with  England.  In  1702  Lanark 
decided  that  their  member  should  be  one  of 
their  own  number,  in  spite  of  any  offer  from 
a  person  to  serve  gratis  ('  Records  of  the 
Borough  of  Lanark,'  p.  267).  Peebles  on 
29  September,  1706,  decided  to  restrict  the 
payment^to  M.P.s  from  40  shillings  to  30 
shillings  a  day  ('  Records  of  Peebles,' 
p.  174).  We  are  told  that  Sir  Patrick 
Johnson,  who  was  M.P.  for  Edinburgh  in 
1709-10,  received  300Z.  a  year  for  his  services 
(Reid,  'New  Lights  on  Old  Edinburgh,' 
p.  13).  Thomas  Smith,  many  years  M.P. 
for  Glasgow  (which  it  is  fair  to  state  in- 
cluded Rutherglen,  Glasgow,  Dumbarton, 
and  Renfrew),  gave  a  receipt  for  1,200Z. 
on  3  March,  1715,  for  his  "  expenssis  at  the 
parliament."  He  died  in  London,  and  after 
his  death  his  widow  petitioned  the  Council 
for  some  allowance,  as  he  had  neglected  his 
business  as  a  surgeon  to  attend  Parliament, 


188 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  2, 1911. 


and|2,000  marks  were  invested  for  his  only 
son,  a  boy  of  seven  ('  Records  of  Glasgow,' 
pp.  47,  552,  599,  643). 

This  is  the  latest  example  I  have  seen,  but 
those  having  access  to  local  records  might 
find  a  later.  I  have  heard  that  the  law  is 
still  in  existence,  though  in  abeyance ; 
also  that  the  custom  was  not  legally  abolished 
till  1780.  It  may  be  added  that  in  several 
cases  local  records  have  furnished  the  name 
of  a  Parliamentary  burgess  when  the  Blue- 
book  of  1878  was  blank.  A.  RHODES. 

LONDON'S  ROYAL  STATUES. — I  am  collect- 
ing information  about  London's  royal  statues 
and  memorials,  past  and  present,  and  shall 
be  grateful  for  any  information  on  the  sub- 
ject, additional  to  what  has  already  appeared 
in  '  N.  &  Q.'  Please  reply  direct. 

J.  ARDAGH. 

40,  Richmond  Road,  Drumcondra,  Dublin. 

THE  HARMONISTS  :  THE  PHILANTHROPIC 
SOCIETY. — A  double-barrelled  query  arises 
from  the  title-page  of  a  small  collection : 
"  The  Poetry  of  various  Glees,  Songs,  &c., 
as  performed  at  the  Harmonists.  London, 
printed  by  the  Philanthropic  Society,  St. 
George's  Fields,  1813."  Who  were  the 
Harmonists,  and  what  was  the  origin  of  the 
Philanthropic  Society  ?  XYLOGRAPHER. 

UNIACKE  FAMILY.— I  shall  be  grateful 
if  some  one  will  give  me  information  (other 
than  that  to  be  found  in  Burke)  concerning 
the  family  of  Uniacke — the  origin  of  the 
two  mottoes,  and  the  story  of  a  Uniacke 
giving  his  horse  to  King  James  at  the  battle 
of  the  Boyne.  F.  M.  A.  MACKINNON. 

WILLIAM  BROMLEY,  ARMIGER. — Bound  up 
with  my  copy  of  Jodocus  Crull's  '  Antiqui- 
ties of the  Abbey  Church  of  Westminster,' 

London,    1711,    and   forming   a  frontispiece 
to  it,  is  a  relatively  large  folding  plate  of 
the    'North    Prospect    of    the    Conuentuall 
Church   of   Westminster,'    W.    Hollar   fecit, 
1654.     In  the  top  left-hand  corner  of  the 
plate,     and     occupying    about     one-twelfth 
of  its  entire  area,  is  an  elaborate  coat  of  arm 
with  this   inscription  in  a  panel  beneath 
"  Contra     injuriam     Temporum     p.    Guill 
Bromley  Ar:  " 

The  shield  has  nine  quarterings :  (1) 
Quarterly  per  fesse  indented,  a  lion  rampant 
on  an  escutcheon  of  pretence.  (2)  Three 
boars,  a  canton  ermine.  (3)  A  chevron  with 
5  bezants  within  a  bordure  engrailed.  (4)  On 
a  fesse  3  cross-crosslets  between  6  fleurs-de- 
lis.  ^(5)  A  scythe.  (6)  A  cross  engrailed 
ermine.  (7)  A  chevron  between  3  bulls" 


heads  affrontee.  (8)  A  bend  engrailed  ermine 
between  2  garbs.  (9)  A  chevron  between 
3  stags'  heads.  There  is  nothing  in  the 
engraving  to  indicate  the  tinctures. 

A  gentleman  of  this  name  was  created  K.B. 
at  the  coronation  of  Charles  II.  in  1661. 
In  the  Bromley  monument  erected  in  the* 
Abbey  to  commemorate  Sir  Thomas,  who 
died  in  1587,  the  family  arms  are  described 
as  those  of  (1),  (3),  and  (4)  above. 

Sir  Robert  Bromley  of  East  Stoke,  Notts, 
is  credited  (1848)  with  having  arms  corre- 
sponding to  ( 1 ),  but  without  the  inescutcheon. 

I  should  be  glad  to  know  something  of  the 
William  Bromley  first  named,  and  of  his 
connexion  with  Hollar's  engraving. 

WM.  NORMAN. 

Plum  stead. 

SIR  JAMES  COLLET. — Can  any  reader  of 
'  N.  &  Q.'  give  me  information  about  Sir 
James  Collet,  citizen  and  Fruiterer  ?  He 
was  Sheriff  of  London,  and  Master  of  the 
Fruiterers'  Company,  and  was  knighted 
17  November,  1697.  Was  he  descended  from 
Sir  Henry  Colet,  the  father  of  Dean  Colet, 
founder  of  St.  Paul's  School  ? 

ARTHUR  W.  GOTJLD. 

Staverton,  Briar  Walk,  Putney,  S.W. 

REV.  PATRICK  GORDON'S  '  GEOGRAPHY.' 
— I  have  already  dealt  with  his  life  in  the 
pages  of  'N.  &  Q.'  (10  S.  iii.  283,  323). 
I  should  now  like  to  get  the  dates  of  the 
various  editions  of  his  '  Geography  Ana- 
tomiz'd.'  The  first  edition  appeared  in  1693 ; 
the  eighth  in  1719  with  a  slightly  different 
title-page,  as  follows  : — 

"  Geography  Anatomiz'd  :  or  the  Geographical 
Grammar,  Being  a  short  and  exact  Analysis  of 
the  whole  body  of  modern  geography  after  a 
new  and  curious  method.  Comprehending, 

"  I.  A  General  View  of  the  Terraqueous  Globe, 
being  a  compendious  system  of  the  true  funda- 
mentals of  geography  ;  digested  into  various 
definitions,  problems,  theorems,  and  paradoxes  ; 
with  a  transient  survey  of  the  surface  of  the 
Earthly  Ball,  as  it  consists  of  land  and  water. 

"  II.  A  Particular  View  of  the  Terraqueous 
Globe,  being  a  clear  and  pleasant  prospect  of  all 
remarkable  countries  upon  the  face  of  the  whole 
earth  :  shewing  their  situation,  extent,  division, 
subdivision,  cities,  chief  to\vns,  name,  air,  soil, 
commodities,  rarities,  archbishopricks,  bishop- 
ricks,  universities,  manners,  languages,  govern- 
ment, arms,  religion.  Collected  from  the  best 
authors,  and  illustrated  with  [16]  divers  maps. 

"  The  eighth  edition,  corrected  and  somewhat 
enlarg'd.  By  Pat.  Gordon,  M.A.,  F.R.S.  London, 
Fruited  for  J.  &  B.  Sprint  and  S.  Burroughs  in 
Little  Britain  ;  R.  Knaplock  &  D.  Midwinter  in 
St.  Paul's  Church-Yard  ;  Andrew  Bell  &  R.  Smith 
in  Cornhil  [sic]  ;  and  R.  CruHenden  in  Cheap- 
side,  1719."  Pp.  xxiv,  428. 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  2,  ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


189 


The  ninth  edition,  which  I  have  not  seen 
is  stated  by  "Peter  Lombard"  (Churcl 
Times,  20  April,  1906)  to  have  appeared  in 
1722.  The  twentieth  edition,  with  a  new 
set  of  maps  engraved  on  a  larger  scale 
Emmanuel  Bowen,  appeared  in  1754. 
are  the  dates  of  the  other  editions  ? 

J.  M.  BULLOCH. 

118,  Pall  Mall,  S.W. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — 

All  heaven  and  earth  are  still,  though  not  in 

sleep, 
But  breathless,  as  we  grow  when  feeling  most. 

M.  A.  B. 

Search  the  sacred  volume.     Him  who  died 

Her  lips  betrayed  not,  nor  her  tongue  denied 

And  even  when  the  Apostles  left  Him  to  His 

doom, 
She  lingered  round  His  Cross,  she  watched  His 

tomb. 

(Mrs.)  E.  C.  WIENHOLT. 

ELI  COMYN  was  "Lord  of  Newbold 
Comyn,  co.  Warwick,"  temp.  Edward  III 
Can  any  information  be  given  concerning 
him  ?  What  were  his  arms  ?  Who  were 
his  heirs  ?  R.  VAUGHAN  GOWER. 

SS.  BRIDGET,  GERTRUDE,  FOILLAN,  AND 
FEBRONIA.— Can  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
explain  why  St.  Bridget  (probably  the 
Irish  saint,  not  the  Swedish  princess  of  that 
name)  is  represented  in  a  fifteenth-century 
picture  at  Cologne  with  a  cow,  and  St. 
Gertrude  in  a  later  picture  with  a  mouse  ? 

Is  anything  known  of  St.  Foillan  or  Foilan, 
to  whom  one  of  the  principal  churches 
at  Aix-la-Chapelle  is  dedicated,  or  of  St. 
Febronia,  whose  martyrdom  was  painted 
by  a  Cologne  artist  about  1600  ? 

N.  L.  P. 

FORD,  MILWARD,  AND  OLIVER  FAMILIES. 
— I  shall  esteem  it  a  great  favour  if  any 
reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  can  inform  me  in  what 
book  pedigrees  of  the  Ford,  Milward,  Yorke, 
Henzell  (Huguenot),  Wilmer,  and  Oliver 
families  appear. 

I  also  wish  to  learn  into  whose  possession 
the  letters  written  by  Col.  John  Milward 
(deputy  lieutenant  of  Derbyshire  1660-6) 
to  the  Earl  of  Devonshire  passed,  when  sold 
by  Sotheby's  in  1893. 

(Mrs.)     ELSIE  OLIVER. 
45,  Church  Crescent,  Muswell  Hill,  N. 

BACON    FAMILY    OF    WILTSHIRE. The 

pedigree  of  the  Wiltshire  Bacons  traced  back 
to   the   Conquest   is   said   to   be   preserved. 
Can  any  reader  say  where  it  is  to  be  found  ? 
FRANCIS  BACON. 


ASTWELL  CASTLE  AND  MANOR,  NORTHANTS, 
—In  Fuller's  'Worthies'  we  are  told  of 
five  Sir  Thomas  Levels  who  held  the  above 
between  22  Edward  IV.  and  14  Elizabeth  ; 
but  Fuller  is  not  backed  up  by  any  other 
recognized  authority  of  whom  I  have 
knowledge.  Did  Sir  Thomas  Lovel,  K.G., 
who  died  1524,  own  Astwell,  or  a  property 
or  properties  other  than  Astwell  within  the 
county  of  Northampton  ?  and  if  so,  where- 
abouts ?  By  what  qualification  did  this 
Sir  Thomas  represent  Northamptonshire 
in  the  first  Parliament  of  Henry  VII.  (1485)  ? 
He  was  a  son  of  Sir  Ralph  Lovel  of  Barton 
Bendish,  Norfolk,  who  represented  a  Lovel 
branch  of  the  parent  tree  at  Tichmarsh, 
the  head  of  which,  Francis,  Viscount  Lovel, 
K.G.,  was  attainted,  and  his  vast  property 
confiscated  by  Henry  in  revenge  for  Level's 
support  of  the  White  Rose. 

I  shall  gratefully  acknowledge  a  reply  to 
my  queries.  THOS.  H.  WRIGHT. 

"  CARATCH." — Can  any  of  your  readers 
give  the  meaning  of  this  word,  which  is 
engraved  on  the  silver  mounting  of  one  of 
the  bottles  of  a  kind  of  ancient  cruet-set 
containing  six  bottles  with  different  desig- 
nations ?  G.  G. 

PRINCESS  LOUISE  MEDAL. — A  very  hand- 
some medal,  designed  by  the  late  J.  S.  Wyon, 
was  struck  to  commemorate  the  marriage 
of  Princess  Louise  with  the  Marquis  of  Lome 
on  21  March,  1871.  A  specimen  in  silver 
is  two  and  a  half  inches  in  diameter,  and 
weighs  over  five  ounces,  having  portraits 
"n  profile  on  the  obverse,  and  an  elaborate 
design  of  coats  of  arms,  coronets,  crest  and 
mottoes,  with  diaper  ground,  on  the  reverse. 
V as  the  issue  a  small  one,  and  for  presenta- 
^n  only  ?  and  were  specimens  struck  in 
any  other  metal  than  silver  ?  W.  B.  H. 

"  THYMALOS  "  :  "  MOUSE  OF  THE  MOUN- 
AINS."  —  I  have  recently  become  the 
emporary  possessor  of  Culpeper's  *  English 
5hysitian  Enlarged ....,'  London,  1656. 
3n  p.  80  Culpeper  writes,  quoting  from 
he  '  Dispensatory '  of  the  "  Colledge  of 
hysitians  "  : — 

"  Therefore  consider  that  the  Colledge  give  the 
Apothecaries  a  Catalogue  of  what  Parts  of  Living 
features  and  Excrements  they  must  keep  in 
heir  shops.  The  Fat,  Grease,  or  Suet  of  a  Duck 
.Thymalos  (if  you  know  where  to  get  them) 
.Wolf,  Mouse  of  the  Mountains  (if  you  can 
atch  them)..  ..Fox,  Vultur  (if  you  can  catch 
hem)  "  ; 

nd  so  on  for  another  column  and  more. 

What  are  "  Thymalos  "   and  "  Mouse  of 
he  Mountains  "  ?  C.  S.  HARRIS. 


190 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  2, 1911. 


EDWARDS'S    DRAWINGS    OF    BIRDS: 
SIR  HANS  SLOANE. 

(US.  iv.  150.) 

GEORGE  EDWARDS  (1694-1773)  was  a  well- 
known  naturalist,  the  author  of  '  A  Natural 
History  of  Uncommon  Birds  and  of  some 
Rare  and  Undescribed  Animals.  In  Pour 
Parts.'  This  was  succeeded  by  '  Gleanings 
of  Natural  History.  In  Three  Parts.'  The 
facts  of  Edwards's  life  have  hitherto  been 
taken  from  Kippis,  vol.  v.  ;  '  The  Annual 
Register,  1776,'  pp.  55-9 ;  Nichols's  '  Literary 
Anecdotes'  (1812),  vol.  v.,  pp.  317-26  (in 
which  the  matter  is  almost  identical  with 
that  in  '  The  Annual  Register  ' )  ;  and 
Robson  the  bookseller's  slight  '  Memoirs 
of  Edwards,'  1776.  The  '  D.N.B.'  contains 
a  brief  unsigned  notice  of  Edwards  which  is 
good  as  far  as  it  goes,  but  inadequate,  and 
in  some  points  inaccurate,  as  will  be  seen 
below. 

Edwards  was  born  3  April,  1694,  at 
Stratford,  Essex,  or,  as  he  himself  says,  at 
West  Ham.  No  biographer  has  hitherto 
taken  the  trouble  to  go  to  Edwards's  book 
itself  for  details  of  his  life.  His  '  Natural 
History  of  Birds  '  is  interspersed  (in  prefaces, 
appendixes,  and  introductions)  with  naive, 
charming,  and  modest  details  of  his  life 
and  methods  of  work.  In  vol.  ii.  pp.  120-21, 
he  gives  an  account  of  his  early  life  : — 

"  My  Peregrinations  must  begin  with  my 
Being,  which  happened  in  the  Parish  of  West 
Ham  in  Essex,  about  the  Year  1694,  where  for 
some  years  I  passed  my  Childhood,  and  I  think 
in  the  Beginning  of  the  17th  Century  I  was  placed 
as  a  Boarder  in  the  House  of  the  Reverend  Mr. 
Hewit,  then  a  Schoolmaster  of  some  Note,  at 
Leighton-Stone  in  Essex,  where  I  continued 
some  Time.  I  was  afterwards  sent  to  Brentwood 
in  Essex,  a  little  farther  from  Home,  where  I 
was  under  the  Tuition  of  the  Reverend  Mr. 
Ashpool  for  some  Years,  wherehaving  gone  through 
the  ordinary  School  Education,  and  becoming 
of  a  proper  Age,  I  was  designed  by  my  Parents 
for  Business,  and  placed  for  a  reasonable  Time 
with  a  Master  of  Writing  and  Accounts,  in  order 
to  fit  me  for  a  trading  Life. 

"  In  Trade  there  could  not  be  found  a  Reverend 
Master  to  place  me  with  ;  but  I  was  placed  with 
the  Son  of  a  Levite,  Mr.  John  Dod,  of  Fenchurch- 
Street,  London,  an  exceeding  strict  Christian  of 
pur  established  Church,  and  a  finished  Scholar 
P  the  Greek  and  Latin  Languages,  tho'  a  Man 

T,rade-  From  him  and  his  Family  I  found  verv 
good  and  genteel  Usage  for  seven  years.  I  cannot 
?v  PJ?^fck>5i2?  oue  Event  which  fell  out  about 
the  Middle  of  the  Time  I  was  in  Mr.  Dod's  HouSe. 
One  Dr.  Nicholas,  an  eminent  Physician,  who 


lived  in  Covent  Garden,  happened  to  die,  and  he 
being  a  Relation  of  Mr.  Dod's,  his  Books,  which 
amounted  to  a  great  Bulk,  were  stowed  in  a  spare 
Room  adjoining  to  my  Bed-Chamber  in  Mr. 
Dod's  House,  and  I  being  fond  of  looking  into 
Books,  and  having  a  free  access  to  them,  spent 
my  Evenings,  and  often  the  greatest  Part  of  my 
Nights,  in  turning  over  these  Books,  and  reading 
such  parts  of  them  as  suited  best  with  my  Genius : 
This  Practice  I  followed  for  two  or  three  Years 
in  the  latter  Part  of  my  Time  with  Mr.  Dod, 
which  I  believe  gave  me  a  very  disadvantageous 
Turn  of  Mind,  for  I  could  not  think  of  confining 
myself  to  Business,  which  probably  would  have 
raised  my  Fortune  in  the  World.  My  Head  was 
filled  with  a  confused  Mixture  of  Voyages,  Travels, 
Astronomy,  Experimental  Philosophy,  Natural 
History,  Painting,  Sculpture,  and  many  other 
Things,  which  gave  me  an  Inclination  to  visit 
Foreign  Parts,  in  order  to  convince  my  Senses  of 
some  Things,  which  yet  had  been  only  conceived 
by  the  Mind  :  So  in  the  Year  1716,  regardless 
of  Gain,  I  laid  aside  all  Thoughts  of  confining 
myself  to  Business." 

Edwards's  travels  began  with  a  month 
spent  in  Holland  in  1718,  after  which  he 
visited  Norway.  He  travelled  through 
Prance  in  1719-20,  clad  as  a  vagrant. 
On  coming  home  he  made  sketches  of  animals, 
and  sold  them  advantageously.  He  made 
further  travels  to  Holland  in  1731  ;  and  in 
1733  was  appointed  librarian  to  the  Royal 
College  of  Physicians.  He  was  elected 
a  fellow  of  the  Royal  Society  about  1751, 
and  made  F.S.A.  13  February,  1752.  He 
died  of  cancer  at  Plaistow  in  Essex  23  July, 
1773,  and  is  buried  in  West  Ham  Church- 
yard. His  epitaph  is  printed  in  Robson's 
'  Memoirs,'  p.  26,  and  is  as  follows  : — 

Here  lies  interred 

The  Body  of  Geo.  Edwards,  Esq ;  F.R.S. 
Who  departed  this  Life  the  23d  Day  of  July,  1773, 

Aged  81  Years; 
Formerly  Librarian 
To  the  Royal  College  of  Physicians 

In  which  Capacity, 
As  well  as  in  private  Life, 

He  was  universally 

And  deservedly  esteemed. 

His  Natural  History  of  Birds 

Will    remain 

A  lasting  Monument  of  his  knowledge 
And  ingenuity. 

Edwards's  book  was  designed  to  be  in  four 
parts,  but  three  subsequent  volumes  ap- 
peared as  '  Gleanings  '  (vide  supra),  and  the 
whole  work  is  complete  in  seven  sections. 
The  book  was  issued  and  sold  by  himself. 

Vol.  I.,  1743,  contains  illustrations  of  61 
birds  and  2  quadrupeds.  It  is  dedicated  to  the 
President  and  Fellows  of  the  Royal  College  of 
Physicians. 

Vol.  II.,  1747,  has  61  birds  and  2  quadrupeds. 
It  is  dedicated  to  Sir  Hans  Sloane,  upon  whose 
recommendation  Edwards  had  obtained  the  libra- 
rianship  of  the  Royal  College  of  Physicians. 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  2,  mi.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


191 


.  Vol.  III.,  1750,  59  birds.  Dedicated,  like 
Vol.  I.,  to  the  President  and  Fellows  of  the  Royal 
College  of  Physicians. 

Vol  IV.,  1751,  39  birds  and  16  serpents,  fishes, 
and  insects.  Dedicated  "  To  God."  The'D.N.B.' 
states  that  the  whole  work  was  dedicated  *'  to 
God,"  but  this  is  an  error. 

Vol.  V.,  1758,  70  birds,  fishes,  and  insects. 
Dedicated  to  the  Trustees  of  the  British  Museum. 
At  the  end  of  this  volume  is  a  facsimile  engraving 
of  Edwards's  book-plate. 

Vol.  VI.,  1760,  50  birds.  Dedicated  to  John 
Stewart,  Earl  of  Bute. 

Vol.  VII.,  1763,  85  birds.  Dedicated  to  Earl 
Ferrers. 

The  position  of  Edwards  as  a  naturalist 
and  an  artist  is  high.  He  worthily  succeeded 
John  Ray  and  Francis  Willughby  as  an 
authority  on  natural  history.  Linnaeus  and 
Thomas  Pennant  were  his  friends ;  and 
Swainson  praised  his  work  highly.  Lowndes 
and  Brunet  speak  well  of  his  book,  the 
publication  of  which  stimulated  ornitholo- 
gical research  all  over  Europe.  It  was  repro- 
duced at  Nuremberg  and  at  Amsterdam. 
There  was  a  second  London  edition  in  1805, 
but  it  is  inferior.  Peter  Brown's  '  Illustra- 
tions of  Zoology,'  50  coloured  plates,  London, 
1776,  was  designed  as  a  supplement  to 
Edwards's  book.  The  descriptions  in  this 
were  mostly  written  by  Pennant.  The 
true  position  of  Edwards  in  the  world  of 
natural  history  is  best  determined  by  study- 
ing Alfred  Newton's  '  Dictionary  of  Birds,' 
1896,  Introduction,  pp.  9-10.  Edwards's 
'  Birds  '  was  reviewed  in  Gent.  Mag.,  vol.  xx. 
pp.  81,  175,  264.  See  also  Monthly  Review, 
vol.  xxix.  p.  221. 

Edwards  drew  his  birds  from  life,  as  will 
be  seen  from  the  following  extract  from 
'  Birds,'  vol.  i.,  Preface,  p.  xvi  : — 

"  It  is  time  to  say  something,  by  way  of 
Apology,  for  the  following  Descriptions  of  Birds. 
I  have  been  collecting  for  more  than  Twenty 
Years,  and  have  been  for  a  good  part  of  the 
Time  employ 'd  by  many  curious  Gentlemen  in 
London  to  draw  such  rare  foreign  Birds  as  they 
were  possess 'd  of,  and  never  neglected  to  take 
Draughts  of  them  with  their  Permission,  for  my 
own  Collection ;  and  having  stored  up  some  hun- 
dreds, I  shewed  them  from  time  to  time  to  curious 
Gentlemen  who  favour' d  me  \vith  their  Visits, 
and  in  looking  them  over  several  of  them  have 
told  me,  that  there  were  many  amongst  them  that 
had  not  been  figured  or  described  by  any  Author, 
and  that  it  would  be  worth  my  while  to  publish 
them  ;  but  I  was  backward  in  resolving  to  do  it, 
because  I  knew  not  so  much  of  many  of  the  Birds, 
as  to  know  from  what  Country  they  came,  which 
is  very  material  hi  Natural  History.  They 
answer' d  that  as  I  had  taken  the  Draughts  from 
Nature,  and  that  it  could  be  well  attested,  and 
the  like  Birds  might  perhaps  never  be  met  with 
again,  it  was  better  to  preserve  the  Figures  without 
knowing  their  Countries  than  not  at  all.  I  have 
not  had  the  Advantage  of  being  in  the  Countries 


out  of  Europe  where  any  of  the  Birds  I  have 
described  are  found,  as  some  present  Writers 
of  Natural  History  have  ;  but  I  have  taken  all 
the  pains  in  my  Power  to  make  my  Descriptions 
as  perfect  as  the  nature  of  the  thing  will  admit 
of." 

In  all,  Edwards  did  about  900  sketches, 
and  the  original  drawings  for  the  book  were 
sold  to  Lord  Bute  before  Edwards's  death. 
The  Zoological  Society  appear  to  have  some 
of  Edwards's  sketches ;  and  reference 
should  be  made  to  the  Catalogue  of  Natural 
History  Books  at  South  Kensington.  The 
B.M.  copy  of  Edwards's  book  is  a  special 
one,  coloured  by  the  author,  and  presented 
by  him  to  Dr.  Birch.  The  volumes  bear 
the  inscription  in  Edwards's  handwriting: 
"Rev.  Dr.  Birch — Present  from  his  oblig^ 
humble  servant  the  author,  April  26,  1758  " 
(this  is  the  date  in  vol.  i.). 

Four  years  before  his  death  Edwards 
disposed  of  the  quires  and  plates  of  his  book 
to  Robson,  the  bookseller  in  New  Bond 
Street,  as  will  be  seen  from  the  following 
letter,  in  which  should  be  noticed  Edwards's 
extreme  anxiety  to  maintain  a  high  standard 
of  colouring  :— 

College  of  Physicians, 
Warwick  Lane, 

May  1st,  1769. 
To  the  Nobility,  Gentry,  and  Curious  hi  general. 

Having  this  day  sold  and  delivered  to  Mr. 
James  Robson,  Bookseller,  in  New  Bond  Street, 
all  the  remaining  copies  of  my  Natural  History, 
in  seven  volumes  quarto,  coloured  under  my  own 
immediate  inspection,  together  with  all  my 
copper-plates,  letter-press,  and  every  article  in 
my  possession  relative  to  it,  I  have  thought  it 
a  duty  incumbent  upon  me,  in  justice  to  the  public 
as  well  as  to  the  purchaser,  to  declare,  that  all 
future  publications  of  the  said  Natural  History 
are  the  sole  right  and  property  of  Mr.  Robson : 
and  that  my  labours  may  be  handed  down  to 
posterity,  with  integrity,  truth,  and  exactness, 
I  have  delivered  into  his  hands  a  complete  set 
of  the  plates,  highly  coloured  by  myself,  as  a 
standard  to  those  Artists  who  may  be  employed  in 
colouring  them  for  the  future. 

As  the  remainder  of  my  life  will  be  spent 
chiefly  in  retirement,  I  beg  leave  to  return  my 
most  grateful  acknowledgments  to  the  nobility, 
gentry,  and  public  in  general,  for  all  their  favours 
and  generous  support  during  the  tedious  Period 
of  all  my  publications  ;  and  I  am,  with  the  greatest 
truth  and  respect, 

their  faithful,  and  obliged  humble  servant, 
GEORGE  EDWARDS. 

He  left  a  copy  of  Willughby's  '  Orni- 
thology,' with  MS.  notes  and  many  curious 
observations. 

Robson  speaks  of  his  personality  as 
follows  : — 

"  Mr.  Edwards  was  of  a  middle  stature,  rather 
inclined  to  corpulence :  of  a  liberal  disposition 


192 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES:       [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  2, 1911. 


and  a  chearful  conversation.  All  his  acquaint- 
ance experienced  his  benevolent  temper,  and  his 
poor  neighbours  frequently  partook  of  his  bounty. 

"  His  diffidence  and  humility  were  always 
apparent,  and  to  persons  who  had  a  taste  for 
studies  congenial  to  his  own,  he  was  a  most 
entertaining,  as  well  as  communicative,  com- 
panion."— P.  25. 

Edwards,  as  already  mentioned,  travelled 
in  Europe,  but  never  out  of  it.  In  vol.  ii. 
of  the  '  Birds '  there  is  given  as  a  final 
illustration  a  chart  of  his  travels  with  a 
full  description  (pp.  120-21). 

"  The  Curucui  of  Marcgraue,"  MB.  PENRY 
LEWIS'S  second  drawing,  refers  to  the  species 
Trogon  curucui  (pronounced  Suruqua). 
Paulus  Henricus  Gerardus  Moehring  in  his 
'Avium  Genera'  (Aurich,  Prussia,  1752) 
described  the  bird  as  the  "curucui  of  Marc- 
graue." The  latter  name  is  not,  however, 
that  of  a  place,  but  that  of  the  historian  of 
Brazil,  who  had  in  1648  described  this  bird 
in  his  'Historia  Rerum  Naturalium  Bra- 
siliae,'  latinizing  his  name  as  "Georgius 
Marggravius."  In  1769  Pennant  in  his 
'  Indian  Zoology '  anglicized  the  word 
"  curucui  "  as  "  couroucou." 

It  will  have  been  seen  how  Edwards  got 
the  birds  themselves  from  which  he  made 
his  drawings.  I  have  shown  that  vol.  vii. 
of  the  book  was  dedicated  to  Earl  Ferrers, 
who,  when  he  was  Capt.  Shirley,  had  con- 
tributed a  number  of  birds  captured  by  him, 
and  intended  for  Madame  de  Pompadour's 
collection. 

Edwards  was  fortunate  in  having  wealthy 
and  zealous  patrons,  and  vol.  vi.  of  the 
'  Birds '  contains  the  names  of  the  Duke 
of  Richmond,  Sir  Hans  Sloane,  Dr.  Richard 
Mead,  and  Martin  Folkes.  Edwards' s  own 
account  of  his  visiting  Sir  Hans  Sloane  in 
the  latter' s  last  days  was  too  long  for  in- 
clusion in  the  '  D.X.B.,'  but  perhaps  space 
may  be  found  for  it  here.  It  occurs  in  the 
sixth  volume  of  the  work,  Preface,  pp.  iii 
and  iv  : — 

"  Sir  Hans  Sloane. . .  .employed  me,  fora  great 
number  of  years,  in  drawing  miniature  figures 
of  animals,  etc.  after  nature,  in  water-colours,  to 
encrease  his  very  great  collection  of  fine  drawings 
by  other  hands  ;  which  drawings  are  now  all 
fixed  in  the  British  Museum,  for  the  help  and 
information  of  those  in  future  generations,  that 
may  be  curious  or  studious  in  Natural  History. 
Sir  Hans,  in  the  decline  of  his  life,  left  London, 
and  retired  to  his  manor-house  at  Chelsea,  where 
he  resided  about  fourteen  years,  before  he  died. 
After  his  retirement  to  Chelsea,  he  requested 
it  as  a  favour  to  him  (though  I  embraced  his 
request  as  an  honour  done  to  myself)  that  I 
would  visit  him  every  week,  in  order  to  divert  him, 
for  an  hour  or  two,  with  the  common  news  of 
the  town,  and  with  any  thing  particular  that 
should  happen  amongst  his  acquaintance  of  the 


Royal  Society,  and  other  ingenious  Gentlemen, 
many  of  whom  I  was  weekly  conversant  with  ; 
and  I  seldom  missed  drinking  coffee  with  him  on 
a  Saturday,  during  the  whole  time  of  his  retire- 
ment at  Chelsea.  He  was  so  infirm  as  to  be 
wholly  confined  to  his  house,  except  sometimes, 
though  rarely,  taking  a  little  air  in  his  garden  in 
a  wheeled  chair  ;  and  this  confinement  made  him 
very  desirous  to  see  any  of  his  old  acquaintance 
to  amuse  him.  He  was  always  strictly  careful, 
that  I  should  be  at  no  expense  in  my  journeys  from 
London  to  Chelsea  to  wait  on  him,  knowing  that 
I  did  not  super-abound  in  the  gifts  of  fortune : 
he  would  calculate  what  the  expense  of  coach- 
hire,  waterage,  or  any  other  little  charge  that 
might  attend  on  my  journeys  backward  and  for- 
ward, would  amount  to,  and  would  oblige  me 
annually  to  accept  of  it,  though  I  would  willingly 
have  declined  it.  During  this  latter  part  of  his 
life,  he  was  frequently  petitioned  for  charity  by 
some  decayed  branches  of  families  of  eminent 
men,  late  of  his  acquaintance,  who  were  famous 
for  their  learned  works,  etc.  which  petitions  he 
always  received,  and  considered  with  attention  ; 
and,  provided  they  were  not  found  fraudulent,  they 
were  always  answered  by  his  charitable  donations  : 
he  has  often  desired  that  I  would  inquire  into  the 
merits  of  such  petitioners  ;  and,  if  found  satis- 
factory, he  commissioned  me  to  convey  his  bounty 
to  the  distressed. 

"  The  last  time  I  saw  him,  I  was  greatly  sur- 
prised and  concerned  to  find  so  good  a  man  in 
the  agonies  of  death  :  this  was  on  the  tenth  day 
of  January,  1753,  at  four  o'clock  in  the  after- 
noon :  he  died  on  the  eleventh,  at  four  in  the 
morning.  I  continued  with  him  later  than  any  of 
his  relations,  but  was  obliged  to  retire,  his  last 
agonies  being  beyond  what  I  could  bear  ;  though 
under  his  pain  and  weakness  of  body  he  seemed  to 
retain  a  great  firmness  of  mind,  and  resignation 
to  the  will  of  God." 

Various  scientific  papers  written  by 
Edwards  were  reprinted  by  Robson  with  his 
so-called  '  Memoirs  '  in  1776.  At  the  end 
of  this  volume  there  is  an  index  to  all  the 
birds  and  beasts  described  in  Edwards's 
works  :  *  The  Elements  of  Fossilology,' 
attributed  to  Edwards  in  the  '  D.N.B.,' 
was  not  by  him,  but  by  another  person  of 
the  same  name. 

Edwards  had  two  sisters,  who  did  not 
long  survive  him,  but  died  within  a  few 
hours  of  each  other  and  were  buried  together. 
His  library  was  sold  in  1774  by  James 
Robson  as  that  of  "  a  person  of-  distinction.'* 

Of  portraits  there  are  several.  That  by 
Dandridge,  engraved  by  Miller,  is  in  vol.  r. 
of  the  '  Birds.'  The  one  by  Gosset,  also 
engraved  by  Miller,  is  from  a  wax  model, 
and  in  profile.  It  is  in  Robson's  '  Memoirs.' 
A  small  steel  engraving  appears  in  '  Lives 
of  Illustrious  Persons  of  Great  Britain,' 
1820,  plate  60.  There  are  also  two  vignetted 
heads  in  the  B.M. 

The  best  account  of  Edwards  is  that 
which  can  be  pieced  together  from  his  own 
book.  Kippis,  vol.  v.  pp.  552-8,  gives  the 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  2,  ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


193 


longest  biography.  Robson's  'Memoirs'  are 
of  little  account,  but  they  contain  the  only 
sketch  of  Edwards' s  personal  appearance 
(vide  supra}.  Watt  gives  the  fullest  list 
of  Edwards' s  miscellaneous  papers,  and 
avoids  the  error  of  attributing  to  him  the 
'  Elements  of  Fossilology.'  The  new  edition 
of  '  The  Encyclopaedia  Britannica '  has  a 
few  lines  upon  Edwards,  but  they  are  in- 
accurate in  some  particulars. 

A.  L.  HUMPHREYS. 
187,  Piccadilly,  W. 

The  drawings  referred  to  by  MB.  PENRY 
LEWIS  are  evidently  the  productions  of 
George  Edwards,  F.R.S.,  who  has  been 
called  "  the  father  of  ornithologists."  He 
was  born  at  Stratford,  Essex  (then  a  hamlet 
of  West  Ham),  and  died  at  West  Ham.  His 
remains  were  interred  in  West  Ham  Church- 
yard, and  when  resident  in  the  locality  some 
20  years  ago  I  made  an  exhaustive  search 
for  his  grave.  Although  I  believe  I  exam- 
ined every  one  of  the  numerous  memorial 
stones,  I  failed  to  discover  that  of  George 
Edwards.  I  recorded  my  failure  in  the  local 
press,  and  an  interesting  letter  from  Dr. 
Pagenstecher  followed.  He  stated  that  the 
registers  of  West  Ham  contained  entries 
of  the  baptism  and  burial  of  Edwards, 
and  added  — 

"  That  his  grave  was  marked  by  a  tombstone 
is  confirmed  by  the  fact  that  several  of  his  con- 
temporary antiquaries  allude  to  it  in  their  works. 
It  is  unfortunate  that  there  are  no  persons  living 
who  remember  this  interesting  monument,  but 
tradition  says  that  it  stood  in  the  south-east 
corner  of  the  churchyard.  Many  professed  anti- 
quaries and  others  have  of  late  years  endeavoured 
to  find  it,  but  their  efforts  have  proved  un- 
availing." 

In  The  Universal  Magazine  for  May, 
1776,  appeared  a  short  sketch  of  the  life 
of  George  Edwards.  -It  is  there  stated 
that  his  executors  erected  a  stone  over  his 
grave  "  to  perpetuate  to  posterity  his  skill 
as  an  artist,"  and  the  inscription  upon  it 
follows.  JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

[The  inscription  is  that  printed  by  MR.  HUM- 
PHREYS from  Robson.] 

The  curucui  is  described  in  the  '  N.E.D.' 
as  "a  bird  (Trogon  curucui}  found  in  Brazil 
and  other  parts  of  South  America,"  and 
quotations  are  given  dating  from  1678. 

"  Marcgrave  "  is  not  the  name  of  a  place, 
biit  that  of  George  Marggraf  (1610-44), 
a  German  naturalist  who  wrote  an  illustrated 
account  of  the  plants  and  animals  of  Brazil. 
An  account  of  him  may  be  found  in  the 
'  Nouvelle  Biographic  Generate.' 

W.  R.  B.  PBIDEAUX. 


MlLITABY  AND  NAVAL  EXECUTIONS  (US, 

iv.  8,  57,  98,  157). — Two  seamen  of  the 
French  navy  were  shot  the  other  day 
(9  August)  on  the  polygon  of  Mourillon  at 
Toulon,  in  the  presence  of  3,000  soldiers  and 
sailors,  for  the  murder  of  a  comrade  at 
Ajaccio  last  January.  No  precautions  seem 
to  have  been  taken,  such  as  those  mentioned 
by  your  correspondents,  of  loading  half  of 
the  rifles  of  the  firing  party  with  ball,  and 
the  other  half  with  blank,  in  order  to  relieve 
the  mental  responsibility  of  the  executioners, 
as  the  sailors  of  the  fleet  appeared  to  be 
anxious  to  be  chosen  to  avenge  their  mur- 
dered comrade.  On  the  eve  of  the  execu- 
tion the  Toulon  correspondent  of  The 
Figaro  wrote  : — 

"  Le  Mare"chal  et  Gueguen  seront  fusilles  ver» 
trois  heures  du  matin  par  un  peloton  de  douze 
matelots  qui  se  sont  offerts  volontairement 
parmi  les  trente  qui  avaient  ete  designes  en  bloc. 
Ce  sont  des  matelots  de  la  flottille  de  la  defense 
fixe  qui  ont  6t6  designed,  parce  que  les  coupables 
et  leur  victime  appartenaient  a  la  defense 
d' Ajaccio." 

A  somewhat  different  arrangement  wa& 
followed  (perhaps  to  give  a  larger  number 
of  sailors  the  opportunity  of  taking  part  in 
the  execution),  as  will  be  seen  in  the  follow- 
ing account : — 

"  II  est  cinq  heures  exactement  lorsque  Le 
Marechal  et  Gueguen  sont  attaches  au  poteau 
d'execution.  Le  greffier  lit  la  sentence.  Le 
Marechal,  les  yeux  bande"s,  s'est  mis  a  genoux. 
Gueguen,  rest6  debout,  envoie  encore  des  bounces 
de  fumee.  Enfin,  la  lecture  du  jugement  est 
termin^e  et  Gueguen  se  laisse  bander  les  yeux. 

"  Sur  un  signe  du  premier  maitre  Madi,  les 
deux  pelotons  d'execution,  comptant  douze 
hommes  chacun,  prennent  la  position  du  garde  a 
vous.  A  ce  moment,  Gueguen  arrache  son 
bandeau.  On  veut  le  lui  remettre.  II  s'y  refuse 
et  regarde  fixement  devant  lui. 

"  Le  greffier  s'est  retired  Un  silence  effrayant 
regne.  Les  secondes  semblent  horriblement 
longues.  Le  premier  maitre  abaisse  son  sabre. 
Un  cr^pitement  d^chire  1'air.  Les  tetes  des 
deux  condamn£s  s'inclinent.  Le  Marshal  a 
encore  dans  les  doigts  sa  cigarette  qu'il  a  fum6e 
jusqu'au  dernier  instant." 

An  edifying  conversation  took  place,  on 
the  subject  of  this  cigarette,  between  the 
smoker  and  the  priest  who  attended  him, 
during  the  long  progress  (which  occupied 
nearly  an  hour)  from  the  Maritime  Prison 
to  the  place  of  execution — including  a 
row  across  the  harbour :  "II  n'y  aura 
peut-etre  pas  de  bureau  de  tabac  la-haut  ?  " 
said  Le  Marechal.  "II  y  aura  quelque 
chose  de  mieux,"  replied  the  Abbe  Bruno.  3 

As  the  bandaging  the  eyes  of  persons 
condemned  to  be  shot  seems  to  interest 
some  of  your  correspondents,  it  may  be 
added,  in  connexion  with  an  incident 


194 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        tn  s.  iv.  SEPT.  2, 1911. 


mentioned  above,  that  it  was  announced 
at  Toulon  that  "  un  infirrnier  du  cinquieme 
depot  de  la  flotte  a  ete  pri6  de  preparer  deux 
bandeaux  en  toile  de  fil,  de  pansement 
double." 

Military  executions,  though  rare  in  France, 
are  not  unfrequent  in  Algeria,  where  they  are 
sometimes  carried  out  as  the  penalty  of 
offences  much  less  serious  than  murder. 
Last  year  a  soldier  would  have  been  shot 
at  Vincennes  for  an  atrocious  assassination, 
but  for  the  humanitarian  scruples  of  M. 
Fallieres,  the  President.  Two  privates  in 
garrison  at  Melun  entered  a  train  with  the 
deliberate  purpose,  as  they  confessed,  of 
murdering  a  passenger  for  the  sake  of  robbery. 
They  invaded  a  first-class  corridor  carriage 
and  kicked  to  death  an  aged  lady,  throwing 
her  body  on  the  line  after  taking  her  rings 
and  her  money.  The  military  authorities 
claimed  them  for  trial.  The  court-martial 
sent  one,  with  inexplicable  leniency,  to 
penal  servitude,  and  ordered  the  other  to 
be  shot.  M.  Fallieres,  to  the  consternation 
of  railway  travellers,  commuted  this  sentence 
on  the  ground  that  the  system  of  universal 
military  service  might  be  rendered  unpopu- 
lar if  the  parents  of  young  men  serving  under 
the  colours  thought  that  their  sons  might  be 
called  upon  to  act  as  executioners.  The 
case  at  Toulon  shows  that  reluctance  to  act 
in  that  capacity  (which,  according  to  your 
correspondents,  gave  rise  to  the  practice  of 
half  of  the  rifles  being  loaded  with  blank) 
has  no  existence  in  the  French  armees  de 
terre  et  mer.  J.  E.  C.  BODLEY. 

DEEDS  AND  ABSTRACTS  OF  TITLE  : 
SOCIETY  FOB  THEIR  PRESERVATION  (11  S.  iv. 
148). — Old  parchment  deeds,  drafts  of  deeds, 
abstracts  of  title,  abstracts  of  wills,  &c., 
which  are  apt  to  accumulate  in  solicitors' 
offices,  are  received  by  the  Society  of  Genea- 
logists of  London,  either  for  safe-keeping 
or  as  free  gifts.  There  is  virtually  no  reser° 
vation  as  to  date,  but  it  is  suggested  that 
anything  of  the  kind  more  than,  say,  fifty 
years  old,  might  very  suitably  be  deposited 
with  the  Society,  rather  than  be  kept  use- 
lessly cumbering  a  modern  business  office. 

The  Society  prefers  to  have  them  given 
without  reservation,  so  that  each  docu- 
ment may  be  sorted  into  the  general  collec- 
tion at  once,  under  the  principal  place  to 
which  it  relates.  By  a  special  clause  in 
its  memorandum  of  association,  however, 
the  Society  is  empowered  to  form  and  carry 
on  "  a  permanent  or  temporary  safe  depo- 
sitory for. .  .  .manuscripts,"  and  to  make 
indexes  to  them. 


Communications  on  the  subject  may  be 
addressed  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Committee 
on  the  Library  (Documents),  or  to  myself. 

GEORGE  SHERWOOD,  Hon.  Sec., 
The  Society  of  Genealogists  of  London. 
227,  Strand,  W.C. 

I  do  not  know  of  any  Society  which 
exists  solely  for  the  purpose  of  preserving 
old  deeds,  but  I  feel  sure  any  local  Society 
would  be  pleased  to  take  charge  of  deeds 
relating  to  its  locality.  Public  libraries 
collect  deeds  ;  here  at  Exeter  we  have 
several  hundred  deeds,  and  we  should  be 
pleased  to  take  charge  of  any  relating  to 
Devon,  Cornwall,  Dorset,  and  Somerset 
on  the  terms  mentioned.  For  genealogical 
purposes  old  deeds  are  of  considerable  value, 
and  it  is  a  great  pity  that  so  many  have 
been  destroyed.  Whenever  possible,  I 
rescue  them  from  the  pulp  mill  or  the  toy- 
drum  maker,  which  is  their  usual  destina- 
tion. I  think  1837  should  be  the  boundary 
mark.  H.  TAPLEY-SOPER, 

Exeter  City  Librarian  and 
Hon.  Sec.,  Devon  and  Cornwall  Record  Soc. 

DEER-LEAPS  (11  S.  iv.  89,  138,  156).— 
Indications  of  the  deer-leap  are  still  visible 
on  the  old  boundary  of  Kidsley  Park  in  the 
parish  of  Smalley,  Derbyshire  ('  History  and 
Antiquities  of  Smalley,'  additional  volume, 
by  the  late  Rev.  Charles  Kerry,  p.  43). 

The  division  between  Denby  Park  and 
Salterwood,  Derbyshire,  in  the  early  seven- 
teenth century,  was  a  pale,  a  great  border, 
and  a  double  ditch.  So  described  in  evidence 
in  an  action  as  to  the  ownership  about 
1671  or  1672.  R.  J.  BURTON. 

Wordsworth's  '  Hart-leap  Well '  may  be 
added  to  the  instances  already  chronicled. 
According  to  the  legend,  instinct  had  im- 
pelled the  hunted  deer  towards  the  little 
spring  on  the  mountain  side,  where  the 
hunter  found  it  dead  with  its  nostrils  at  the 
water  : — 

And  climbing  up  the  hill — (it  was  at  least 
Four  roods  of  sheer  ascent)  Sir  Walter  found 
Three  several  hoof-marks  which  the  hunted 

Beast 

Had  left  imprinted  on  the  grassy  ground. 
Sir  Walter  wiped  his  face,  and  cried,  "  Till  now 
Such  sight  was  never  seen  by  human  eyes: 
Three  leaps  have  borne  him  from  this  lofty  brow 
Down  to  the  very  fountain  where  he  lies." 

The  scene  of  the  poem,  about  five  miles 
from  Richmond,  Yorkshire,  is  distinguished 
by     three     pillars,     "  which     monuments," 
says   the   poet    in    his   introductory    note, 
do  now  exist  as  I  have  described  them." 
THOMAS  BAYNE. 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  2,  ML]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


195 


M'CLELLAND  FAMILY  (11  S.  iv.  69). — 
1.  I  suggest  that  M'Lellan  is  the  spelling 
common  in  Scotland,  while  in  Ireland  the 
form  M'Clelland  is  more  usually  met  with. 

2.  The  M'Clellands  of  Ulster  are,  I  believe, 
of  the  same  stock  as  those  of  Kirkcudbright. 

3.  The  Clellands  were  an  old  family  in 
Scotland,   whence   was    derived    the  name 
M'Clelland,  meaning  son  or  servant  of  del- 
land. 

4.  The  name  Clelland  is  said  to  have  been 
a  territorial  designation  taken  from  an  estate 
in  Lanarkshire.  U. 

"KIDKOK"  (11  S.  iv.  150,  176).— The 
word  intended  is  "  kidcote,"  for  which  see 
'N.E.D.,'  and  consult  the  references  given 
at  9  S.  v.  376,  499.  Sir  James  Murray's 
earliest  instance  is  1515,  but  the  word 
occurs  from  1433  to  1528  in  the  publications 
of  the  Surtees  Society,  ii.  83  ;  xxx.  26, 
93  ;  liii.  29  ;  Ixxix.  38,  70,  102,  271.  See 
also  Drake's  '  Eboracum,'  1736,  p.  281,  and 
Assoc.  Archit.  Soc.  Papers,  i.  182.  W.  C.  B. 
[THE  REV.  R.  J.  BURTON  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

THE  CUCKOO  AND  ITS  CALL  (11  S.  iii. 
486  ;  iv.  30,  75,  96,  135).— I  am  obliged 
to  MB.  DONALD  GUNN  for  his  reply.  I  have 
learnt  since  from  a  friend  that  he  has  heard 
the  cuckoo's  notes  in  the  Himalayas,  and 
of  another  who  heard  it  lower  down  in  the 
Nepaul  valley.  As  this  curious  bird  leads 
a  life  of  eternal  spring  and  summer,  it 
would  be  interesting  to  know  if  it  breeds 
again  during  its  absence  from  Europe. 

D.  K.  T. 

As  to  the  cuckoo  outside  of  Europe, 
asked  for  by  D.  K.  T.  on  p.  96,  seeHichens's 
*  Holy  Land,'  pp.  154-5,  which  detail  finding 
a  cuckoo  in  Syria,  though  it  is  rare  there. 

ROCKINGHAM. 

Boston,  U.S. 

THE  KING'S  TURNSPITS  :  SINECURES 
TEMP.  GEORGE  III.  (11  S.  iv.  107,  177). — 
Sm  ERNEST  CLARKE  may  have  difficulty  in 
getting  a  list  of  sinecures.  The  best  source 
which  occurs  to  me  is  a  study  of  the  reports 
of  the  Select  Committee  of  1817,  and  of  the 
Acts  of  that  session  abolishing  certain  offices. 
The  history  of  the  office  of  Paymaster- 
General  as  revealed  in  the  notorious  cases 
of  Henry  Fox  and  Rigby  (the  "brazen 
boatswain  of  the  Bloomsbury  crew")  is 
very  suggestive.  Horace  and  other  sons  of 
Sir  Robert  Walpole  afford  some  good  (or 
bad)  examples  of  sinecures.  Then  there 
is  George  Selwyn,  "  clerk  of  the  irons  and 
surveyor  of  the  meltings  of  the  Mint."  But 


their  name  is  legion.  The  debate  on  a 
motion  for  an  account  of  pensions,  1780, 
with  Col.  Barie's  tale  of  Sir  Stephen  Fox,  is 
also  useful  (21  'Parl.  Hist.,'  p.  91  ft). 

GEORGE  WHALE. 

PORTRAIT  IN  PITTI  GALLERY  :  JUSTUS 
SUSTERMANS  (11  S.  iii.  267,  314,  418).— 
Justus  Sustermans  was  born  at  Antwerp  in 
1597,  and  died  at  Florence  in  1681.  Accord- 
ing to  Burckhardt  ('Le  Cicerone,'  p.  797, 
Paris,  1892),  "  il  a  passe  sa  vie  a  Florence, 
et  y  a  produit  cette  quantite  de  portraits 
excellents  qui  rappellent  parfois  Van  Dyck 
et  plus  encore  Velasquez."  He  was  a  fellow- 

gapil  with  Van  Dyck  under  Hendrick  van 
alen,  and  Court  painter  to  the  Medici  from 
Cosimo  II.  to  Cosimo  III.  (?).  His  works 
are  chiefly  at  Florence.  The  following  list, 
derived  from  catalogues,  is  probably  not 
impeccable. 

In  the  Galleria  Corsini. 
Portraits  : 

Maria  Maddalena  Macchiavelli. 

Marchese  Senatore  Pilippo  Corsini. 

Maria  Maddalena  d' Austria. 

Gran  duca  Cosimo  II.  de'  Medici. 

Vittoria  della  Rovere. 

Cristina  di  Lorena. 

Ferdinando  II.  de'  Medici. 

Bartolommeo,    figlio    del    Marchese    Filippo 

Corsini. 
Picaer  Fever,  Capo  degli  Arazzieri  de  Cosimo 

II. 

Cardinale  Neri  Corsini. 
La  Vergine  col  Bambino  Gesu  e  un  Angiolo. 

In  the  Pitti. 
Portraits  : 

Vittoria  della  Rovere. 

Elia,  sopraccomito  d'una  galera  toscana. 

Figlio  di  Federigo  III.,  re  di  Danimarca. 

Principe  Mattia  de'  Medici, 

Canonico  Pandolfo  Ricasoli. 

Ferdinando  II.  de'  Medici. 

Ritratto  infantile  del  duca  Cosimo  III.  d«' 
Medici. 

Ritratto  maschile. 

Ritratto  femminile. 

Margherita,  figlia  di  Cosimo  II. 

Ferdinando  II.  Imperatore  d' Austria. 

Eleonora  Gonzaga. 
Santa  Famiglia. 

In  the  Uffizi. 
Principessa     Claudia,    figlia     di     Ferdinando     I. 

de'  Medici. 

Ferdinando  II.  de'  Medicine  gli  Senatori  di  Firenze. 
Suo  Ritratto. 

Un  gentiluomo  della  famiglia  Pulciani. 
Una  donna,  moglie  del  Pulciani. 
Santa  Margherita. 
Uomo  in  costume  Svizzero. 
Galileo  Galilei. 
2  Ritratte  infantile. 

In  the  exhibition  of  Italian  portraits 
collected  at  the  Palazzo  Vecchio,  as  inci- 
dental to  the  "  Feste  Commemorative  del 


196 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT  2, 1911. 


primo  Cinquantenario  del  Regno  d'ltalia 
proclamato  "  Marzo — Luglio,  1911,  the  fol- 
lowing works  of  Sustermans  were  exhibited  : 

Anna  Maria  Luisa,  elletrice  Palatina. 
Francesco  Maria  de'  Medici,  giovanettp. 
Un  giovanetto  (diDott.  Pio  Parmigiani,Piacenza). 
Una    daraa    (attribuito    a    Sustermans)     (Conte 

Piero  Capponi,  Firenze). 
II  Cardinale  Leopoldo  de'  Medici,  figlio  de  Cosimo 

II.  (Pinacoteca  communale  di  Lucca). 
II  Cardinale  Gian  Carlo  (ditto). 
Giovane  dama  (ditto). 
II     Marchese    Mattias     Bartolommei    (Marchesa 

Giulia  Baldovinetti-Tolomei,  Firenze). 
Vittore  della  Rovere,  moglie  di  Ferdinando  II. 

de'     Medici.      (Attribuito)     (Prof.      Andrea 

Batelli,  Firenze). 
Geri  della  Rena  (Principe  Don  Tommaso  Corsini, 

Firenze). 

L'Araziere  Pietro  Fevere  (ditto). 
Vittoria  della  Rovere  in  veste  di  ppetessa  (Nobil 

Signora  Teresa  Sinistri  Ginoulhiac,  Bergamo). 
II     Marchese     Mattias     Bartolommei     (Marchesa 

Matilda  Gioli-Bartolommei,  Firenze). 
Margherita  de'  Medici,  figlia  di  Cosimo  II.  (Palazzo 

Vecchio). 

Gian  Carlo  de'  Medici,  figlio  di  Cosimo  II.  (ditto). 
Anna  Maria  di  Cosimo  II.,  bambina  (ditto). 
II   Cardinale    Carlo,   figlio    di   Ferdinando   I.    de' 

Medici  (Villa  Reali  di  Poggio  a  Caino). 
Ferdinando  II.  de'  Medici  (ditto). 
Claudia    de'    Medici,    figlia    di    Ferdinando    II., 

moglie  di  Leopoldo,  Conte  del  Tirolo  (ditto). 
Vittoria  della  Rovere,  moglie  di  Ferdinando    II. 

(ditto). 

Francesco  di  Cosimo  II.  (ditto). 
Ferdinando  II.  de'  Medici  (ditto). 
Mattias  di  Cosimo  II.  (ditto). 
Maria  Maddalena  d ' Austria,  vedova  di  Cosimo  II. 

(ditto). 

Cristina  di  Lorena,  vedova  di  Ferdinando  I.  (ditto). 
II  Cardinale  Leopoldo  de'  Medici,  figlio  di  Cosimo 

II.,  giovanetto  (ditto). 
Cosimo  III.  de'  Medici  (ditto). 
Mattias  di  Cosimo  II.  giovanetto  (ditto). 
II  Cardinale  Pamphily  (ditto). 
L'Arciduca  Leopoldo,  Conte  di  Tirolo  (ditto). 
II  Cardinale  Gian  Carlo  di  Cosimo  II.    eiovai 

(ditto). 
Margherita    de'    Medici,    moglie   di    Odoardo   poi 

Farnese,  duca  di  Parma  (ditto). 

In  addition,  but  one  other  portrait  by 
Sustermans  is  known  to  the  writer,  the 
superb  '  Duke  of  Monmouth  '  in  the  Isabella 
Stewart  Gardner  Collection  of  Fenway  Court, 
Boston,  Massachusetts. 

There  appear  to  be  none  of  his  works  at 
Antwerp,  or  other  galleries  in  Belgium  or 
Holland,  or  in  the  National  Gallery,  London. 

T.  F.  DWIGHT. 
La  Tour  de  Peilz,  Vaud,  Switzerland. 

ST.  CLEMENT  THE  POPE  AND  WYRE- 
MONGERS  (11  S.  iv.  147).— The  association 
of  St.  Clement  with  an  anchor  as  an  instru- 
ment of  martyrdom  has  led  to  his  being 
chosen  as  patron  of  the  successors  of  Tubal 
Cain,  "  an  instructor  [or  whetter]  of  every 


giovanetto 


artificer  in  brass  and  iron."  It  was  at  one- 
time the  custom  to  celebrate  St.  Clement's 
Day  in  Woolwich  Dockyard  by  a  procession  in 
which  honour  was  done  to  an  apprentice 
got  up  to  represent  "  Old  Clem,"  much 
begging,  drinking,  and  speechifying  being 
connected  with  the  observance. 

ST.  S  WITHIN. 

The  following  information  may  be  inter- 
esting. According  to  Mueller  and  Mothes's 
well-known  dictionary,  in  the  old  German 
and  Northern  calendar  winter  began  with 
St.  Clement's  Day,  which  was  marked  with 
an  anchor  as  on  that  day  all  ships  had  to 
remain  in  port.  Clement  is  the  patron 
saint  of  sailors.  L.  L.  K.. 

WASHINGTON  I  HYING' s  '  SKETCH-BOOK  * 
(11  S.  iv.  109,  129,  148,  156).— The  song 
referred  to  by  MB.  BALSTON  in  No.  27  of 
his  quotations, 

An  old  song  made  by  an  aged  old  pate, 
has  the  concluding  words  of  the  first  line 
annotated  by  the  late  W.  H.  Wills  as  follows  : 
"  The  owner  of  which  has  never  been  dis- 
covered "  ('  Poets'  Wit  and  Humour,'  p.  16)* 

W.  B. 

40.  The  sarcophagus  of  Nekht  Heru 
Hebt  (circa  B.C.  378),  now  at  the  British 
Museum,  was  formerly  identified  by  Dr. 
Edward  Daniel  Clarke  as  "  the  tomb  of 
Alexander."  See  '  A  Dissertation  '  by  him 
1805  ;  also  Monthly  Magazine,  February 
and  August,  1804  ;  Gent.  Mag.,  April,  1822. 
ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

"GIFLA":  "FJERPINGA"  (11  S.  iv.  43, 
133). — May  I  suggest  to  MR.  BROWNBILL 
that  the  side-note  in  the  oldest  copy  of  the 
'  Tribal  Hidage  '  is  not  conclusive  evidence  ? 
If  the  annotator  had  had  first-hand  know- 
ledge of  Faorpinga,  he  would  have  known 
the  neighbouring  districts  also,  and  would 
have  annotated  all  or  none.  Probably  he 
had  read  Bede's  '  Hist.  Eccles.,'  and  assumed 
that  Fserpinga  was  the  same  as  Feppingum,. 
the  death-place  of  Bishop  Diuma  (Bk.  III. 
c.  xxi).  Whether  his  assumption  was  right 
or  wrong,  I  am  unable  to  judge  ;  but  it  is 
evident  that,  even  at  the  early  date  of  this 
annotation,  the  '  Tribal  Hidage '  was  already 
a  mystery  and  a  subject  of  research. 

A.  MORLEY  DAVIES, 

LUDLOW  CASTLE  (11  S.  iv.  150). — It  is 
probable  that  the  order  made  in  the  reign 
of  George  I.  for  the  unroofing  of  the  Castle, 
though  it  did  not  begin  the  decay  of  the 
building,  yet  greatly  expedited  /it.  The 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT,  2, 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


197 


lead  was  ordered  to  be  used  for  Army  pur- 
poses, but  a  great  part  of  it  went  into  other 
channels.  The  stone  and  timber  were 
used  generally  for  local  buildings  ;  and 
much  of  the  fine  oak  panelling  now  to  be 
seen  in  many  old  Ludlow  houses  doubtless 
came  from  the  Castle. 

The  neglect  and  decay  of  the  Castle  began, 
liowever,  much  earlier,  when  in  1688  the 
Court  of  the  Marches  was  dissolved,  and 
the  Castle  ceased  to  be  the  residence  of  the 
Lord  President  of  the  Council  of  the  Marches. 
The  last  Lord  President,  the  Earl  of  Maccles- 
fleld,  when  he  left  Ludlow  Castle  carried 
away  "  a  gold  mace,  a  waggon  load  of  plate, 
and  abundance  of  the  best  furniture."  His 
•example  was  no  doubt  widely  followed. 

There  is  an  inventory  of  the  furnishings 
in  1708  still  extant.  The  following  list  of 
the  then  contents  of  the  Council  Chamber 
may  be  taken  as  a  specimen  of  the  whole  : — 

"  Four  table  boards  and  frames,  3  green 
carpets,  4  turkey  worked  chairs  whereof  2  are 
broke,  3  leather  chairs  whereof  1  broke,  one 
«conse,  1  cast  mortar  and  iron  pest  ill,  one  iron 
fender  and  grate." 

This  speaks  eloquently  of  the  plundering 
which  must  have  taken  place  in  the  twenty 
years  which  had  elapsed  since  the  dissolu- 
tion of  the  Court  of  the  -Marches. 

Panels  bearing  the  coats  of  arms  are  still 
to  be  seen  in  the  coffee-room  of  "  The  Bull 
Hotel." 

The  curious  form  of  branks  (Arch.  Journal, 
xiii.  269)  is  probably  the  most  notable  of 
the  Castle  relics  in  the  local  museum. 

HENRY  THOMAS   WEYMAN. 

Ludlow. 

CHAKLES  CORBETT,  BOOKSELLER  (11  S.  iv. 
148).— See  G.  E.  C.'s  'Complete  Baronetage,' 
vol.  ii.  pp.  184-5,  where  Charles  Corbet's 
assumed  descent  from  Sir  Edward,  first 
Baronet  of  Leighton,  is  given.  The  name 
is  usually  spelt  with  one  t  except  in  the  case 
of  the  first  Baronet.  G.  E.  C.  says  that 
the  soi-disant  Baronet  who  died  in  1808 
was  a  clerk  in  a  lottery  office  in  London, 
and  that  his  father,  who  died  in  1752,  was  a 
London  bookseller.  ALFRED  B.  BEAVEN. 

Leamington. 

The  baronetcy  of  Corbet  or  Corbett  of 
Leighton,  co.  Montgomery  (creation  of 
20  June,  1642),  was  claimed  by  Charles 
Corbett  (the  third  son  of  Charles  Corbett, 
bookseller),  a  liveryman  of  the  Stationers' 
Company  and  a  clerk  in  Johnson's  Lottery 
Office,  3,  Pope's  Head  Alley,  latterly  in 
Change  Alley,  Cornhill,  as  descended  from 
a  younger  son  of  the.  first  Baronet,  Sir 


Edward  Corbett.  The  title  became  extinct, 
25  September,  1774,  by  the  death  of  Sir 
Richard  Corbett,  fourth  Baronet,  unmarried. 
"  Sir  "  Charles  died  in  very  reduced  cir- 
cumstances, 16  May,  1808,  aged  74  years, 
leaving,  with  a  daughter,  Elizabeth  Christian 
Robbins  Corbett,  two  sons  :  Richard,  in  the 
East  India  Company's  service,  and  Thomas, 
who  died  22  May,  1808,  in  his  38th  year, 
and  was  buried  with  his  father  in  St.  Anne's 
Churchyard,  Soho.  See  '  Baronetage  of 
England,'  1806,  p.  554  ;  Wm.  Courthope, 
'  Synopsis  of  the  Extinct  Baronetage  of 
England,'  1835,  p.  52 ;  '  Monumental 
Inscriptions  at  St.  Anne's  Church,  Soho,' 
1905,  p.  25.  DANIEL  HIPWELL. 

The  baronetcy  referred  to  seems  to  be  that 
of  Corbet  of  Leighton,  co.  Montgomery, 
created  20  June,  1642  (No.  398  in  the  list  of 
baronets  in  Guillim's  'Display  of  Heraldry.') 
In  Courthope' s  '  Extinct  Baronetage '  a 
short  pedigree  is  given  showing  the  descent 
of  the  title  from  Sir  Edward  Corbet,  first 
Baronet,  to  Sir  Richard  who  died  unmarried 
in  1774,  when,  according  to  Courthope,  the 
title  became  extinct.  He  adds,  however, 
this  note  — 

"  This  baronetcy  was  claimed  by  Mr.  Charles 
Corbet,  a  clerk  in  a  lottery  office  in  London,  as 
descended  from  a  younger  son  of  the  1st  bart.  : 
he  died  in  very  reduced  circumstances  in  May, 
1808,  leaving  a  son  Richard,  who  \vas  in  the  East 
India  Company's  service." 

F.  SYDNEY  EDEN. 

PRINCESS  VICTORIA'S  VISIT  TO  THE  MAR- 
QUIS OF  ANGLESEY  (US.  iv.  67,  113,  134). 
— The  late  scholarly  Vicar  of  Kirkham, 
Lancashire — Canon  Mason — often  told  me 
with  pride  that  the  Princess  Victoria,  when 
on  this  visit,  was  entrusted  for  medical  care 
to  his  father,  a  doctor  practising  in  Car- 
narvon, I  believe.  HENRY  BRIERLEY. 

Wigari. 

THE  FIRST  PERFORATED  POSTAGE  STAMPS 
(11  S.  iii.  183,  251).— The  blue  twopenny 
stamp  was  the  first  issued  on  perforated 
sheets,  I  feel  certain,  for  I  have  a  vivid 
recollection  of  one  of  my  father's  pupils 
saying  that  he  had  heard  that  the  same  plan 
was  to  be  adopted  in  the  case  of  penny 
stamps.  This  was  in  the  early  fifties. 

E.  L.  H.  TEW. 

Upham  Rectory. 

"  J'Y    SUIS,    J'Y   RESTE  "    (11    S.    IV.  44,  94, 

155). — I  once  saw  an  engraving  (apparently 
reproduced  from  a  painting)  in  a  French 
book  or  magazine  depicting  this  incident  at 
the  Malakoff.  It  represented  an  English 


198 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  2,  nil. 


officer,  sent  by  the  British  commander  of 
the  forces  attacking  the  Redan  to  Mac- 
Mahon,  asking  "  if  the  latter  could  hold  the 
position"  his  men  had  just  stormed.  Mac- 
Mahon  replies,  "  Dites  a  votre  general  que 
j'y  suis  et  que  j'y  reste."  This  is,  I  believe, 
the  generally  accepted  French  version,  though 
I  have  never  seen  English  testimony  to  its 
accuracy.  The  historical  phrase  was  natur- 
ally freely  flung  at  MacMahon  when  he 
retained  his  position  as  President  of  the 
Republic  in  the  later  seventies  ;  in  fact, 
I  believe  Tenniel  had  a  Punch  cartoon  with 
this  inscription.  F.  A.  W. 

CAMPBELL  THE  SCOTTISH  GIANT  (11  S.  iv. 
130). — In  Boase's  '  Modern  English  Bio- 
graphy,' 1892,  vol.  i.  col.  535,  MB.  AD  AIR 
FITZ-GERALD  will  find  the  following  infor- 
mation - 

"  Campbell,  William.  &.  Glasgow  ;  came  to 
Newcastle  about  Nov.  1877  ;  landlord  of  Duke 
of  Wellington  public  house  High,  bridge,  New- 
castle ;  exhibited  himself  at  Egyptian  hall, 
London,  d.  Newcastle  26  May  1878. 

"  NOTE. — He  was  76  inches  round  the  breast 
and  weighed  52  stone." 

RALPH  THOMAS. 

EMERSON  IN  ENGLAND  (11  S.  iv.  69,  115, 
152). — Emerson  was  in  England  in  1872, 
for  on  13  November  he  attended  (as  the 
guest  of  the  late  Dean  Howson)  a  meeting 
of  the  Chester  Archaeological  Society  at  the 
Old  Bishop's  Palace,  when  the  late  Mr.  I.  E. 
Ewen  read  a  paper  on  '  Ancient  Tapestry.' 
I  was  present  on  the  occasion.  Mr.  Emerson 
seconded  a  vote  of  thanks  to  Bishop  Jacob- 
son  for  presiding,  and  returned  the  audience 
thanks  for  their  unexpected  kindness  to 
him,  as  a  stranger  who  had  the  happiness 
that  day  of  seeing  Chester  for  the  first  time 
and  viewing  their  grandly  designed  old 
temple,  which  in  its  old  age,  when  in  ruins 
and  crumbling  away,  was  then  being 
restored  to  its  best,  and  more  than  its  best, 
condition — all  which  was  an  object  very 
charming  for  a  stranger  to  see.  Not  only, 
he  said,  did  he  experience  great  happiness 
in  meeting  the  officers  of  the  Cathedral 
and  those  of  the  Chester  Archaeological 
Society,  and  in  renewing  an  old  acquaint- 
ance with  his  good  friend  the  Bishop,  but 
it  had  given  him  great  pleasure  and  satis- 
faction to  hear  the  statements  made  with 
respect  to  that  interesting  relic  of  the 
Cathedral  (a  tapestry  depicting  Elymas  the 
sorcerer).  He  felt  his  day  in  Chester  had 
been  most  happily  spent,  and  he  had  great 
pleasure  in  seconding  the  vote  just  proposed 
to  the  Bishop. 


My    late    father    (Mr.    Thomas    Hughes, 
F.S.A.)  was  then  Honorary  Secretary  of  the 
Chester  Archaeological    Society,  and  at  the 
request  of  the  Dean  he  showed  Emerson  the 
points  of  interest  in  the  city  ;  and  there  lies 
before  me  the  autograph  card  of  Emerson, 
left  with  my"  father  in  recognition  of  the 
services  rendered  to  his  American  visitor. 
T.  CANN  HUGHES,  M.A.,  F.S.A. 
Lancaster. 

APPARITION  AT  PIRTON,  HERTS  (11  S.  iii. 
466  ;  iv.  33,  134). — I  am  much  interested 
in  this  subject.  Possibly  the  following  may 
interest  Miss  Pollard  and  your  other  readers. 
'  The  Legitimist  Kalendar,  1910,'  contains 
the  names  of  three  Gorings  exempted  from 
the  Acts  of  Indemnity,  viz.,  George  Goring, 
Earl  of  Norwich,  exempted  1651  (England, 
p.  135)  ;  George  Goring,  Lord  Goring,  his 
son  (ditto)  ;  and  Sir  H.  Goring,  Governor 
of  Bristol  for  King  James  III.  and  VII., 
1722. 

If  any  one  can  give  further  information 
of  the  Cavalier  Goring  who  was  executed 
(place,  year,  name,  <fec.),  it  will  be  useful 
for  the  next  '  Legitimist  Kalendar,'  as  his 
name  ought  to  appear  in  the  '  Martyr  Roll 
of  Loyalty  '  in  that  work. 

F.  M.  A.  MACKINNON. 

"  VlR     BONUS     ES     DOCTUS     PRUDENS     AST/ 

HAUD  TIBI  SPIRO  "  (11  S.  iv.  65). — The 
exceedingly  rare  edition  of  Sidney's 
'  Arcadia  '  published  in  1593  has  a  title-page 
wholly  different  from  that  of  the  1590 
edition,  and  one  which  Mr.  A.  W.  Pollard 
says  was  specially  made  for  it.  This  1595 
title-page  has  an  emblematic  picture  of  a 
pig  and  a  rosemary  shrub  with  the  suggestive 
motto  "  non  tibi  spiro,"  a  rather  palpable 
declaration  that  the  book  was  not  for  every- 
body. This  title-page  is  reproduced  in 
The  Universal  Review  for  July,  1889,  accom- 
panying the  text  of  Mr.  Pollard's  history  of 
the  title-page.  CHAS.  A.  HERPICH. 

New  York. 

"  DAVID  HUGHSON  "  :  EDWARD  AND  DAVII> 
PUGH  (11  S.  ii.  89;  iv.  70,  116).— Allow  me  a 
line  to  say  that  the  street  mentioned  in  the 
last  paragraph  on  p.  71  should  be  Well 
Street  (not  Wall  Street),  Ruthin. 

W.  P.  COURTNEY. 

DR.  EDMOND  HALLEY'S  MARRIAGE  (11  S^ 
iv.  85). — MR.  DANIEL  HIPWELI/S  interesting 
note  contains  one  error.  The  maiden  name 
of  Halley's  mother-in-law  was  Margaret 
(not  Mary)  Kinder  (cf.  10  S.  viii.  221  el 
passim).  EUGENE  F.  McPiKE. 

135,  Park  Row,  Chicago. 


ii  B.  iv.  SEPT.  2,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


199 


'  LA  CARMAGNOLE  '  :  '  9A  IBA  '  C11  S.  iv. 
27,  158). — '  La  Carmagnole  '  is  not  the  regi- 
mental march  of  the  14th  Foot,  but  '  (Ja 
Ira,'  another  French  Revolutionary  song. 
The  official  title  of  the  regiment  is  the 
Prince  of  Wales' s  Own  (West  Yorkshire 
Regiment).  It  is  curious  how  much  history 
is  embodied  even  in  the  titles  it  has  borne. 
It  is  really  Kentish  in  its  origin.  It  was 
raised  in  1685,  the  colonel  being  Sir 
Edward  Hales,  Bt.,  of  Woodchurch  ;  other 
companies  were  under  the  command  of  well- 
known  Kentish  gentlemen,  with  head- 
quarters at  Canterbury.  The  colonel  became 
a  Catholic,  but  would  not  resign  his  com- 
mission, and  was  prosecuted  at  Rochester 
assizes.  When  James  II.  was  attempting 
to  escape  in  disguise  to  France,  and  was 
arrested  at  Faversham,  he  was  accompanied 
by  the  quartermaster  of  the  regiment, 
Edward  Syng,  and  the  colonel,  the  latter 
being  imprisoned  in  the  Tower  of  London. 
From  the  outset  the  grenadier  company  and 
the  drummers  wore  the  White  Horse,  and 
the  motto  "  JSTec  aspera  terrent,"  which  are 
still  worn  in  addition  to  the  Prince  of  Wales' s 
plume.  Till  1751  the  regiment  was  known 
by  its  colonel's  name.  It  then  became  the 
14th  Foot,  which  title  it  bore  till  1782, 
when  it  became  the  14th  Bedfordshire. 
The  16th  Regiment  is  now  the  Bedfordshire, 
but  from  1782  to  1809  was  the  Bucking- 
hamshire Regiment,  when  it  exchanged  its 
name  for  some  reason  with  the  14th.  The 
latter  retained  that  title  till  1876,  when  it 
added  the  Prince  of  Wales' s  Own,  which  it 
received  at  Lucknow  when  new  colours  were 
presented  by  the  then  Prince  of  Wales 
(King  Edward  VII.).  On  1  July,  1881,  the 
title  was  again  altered,  and  the  official 
title  as  given  above  adopted.  The  buff 
facings  were  succeeded  by  white  ;  the  shape 
of  the  cuff  was  altered  from  pointed  to 
banded  ;  the  royal  tiger  badges  on  the  collars 
gave  place  to  the  Prince  of  Wales' s  plume  ; 
and  "  W.  York  "  in  white  letters  replaced  the 
brass  numeral  14  on  the  shoulder-straps. 

With  regard  to  '  Qa  Ira,'  the  regimental 
tradition  is  that  it  was  adopted  by  express 
command  of  the  Duke  of  York  in  conse- 
quence of  the  incident  at  Famars  ;  but  the 
various  traditions  differ  considerably  as  to 
why  an  English  band  should  play  such  a 
French  air,  and  more  than  one  account  is  in 
existence  as  to  how  the  tune  was  acquired. 
When  the  regiment  was  marching  through 
Dartford,  the  populace,  I  was  told  by  an 
old  gentleman,  stoned  the  band  ;  but  on  an 
explanation  being  given,  the  people  re- 
sponded with  three  cheers  "  to  the  honour 


of  the  brave  soldiers  of  the  14th  who 
fought  at  Famars."  There  was  an  official 
record  of  the  regiment  published  in  1845^ 
where  the  Famars  incident  is  alluded  to  ou» 
pp.  39-40,  and  its  reception  at  Dartford  oik 
p.  53  ;  but  the  14th  is  fortunate  in  having; 
a  very  good  history  published  in  1892  by 
Capt.  H.  O'Donnell,  who  was  adjutant. 
The  account  given  by  S.  W.  in  his  reply  is- 
the  legend  in  the  family  of  the  colonel  who- 
commanded  at  Famars.  It  is  dealt  with 
at  pp.  58-9  ;  and  the  Dartford  commotion 
at  p.  70.  The  '  Ca  Ira  '  is  Appendix  VII. 
on  pp.  369-76.  J  (Fuller  information  on 
this  air  will  be  found  in  Grove's  '  Dic- 
tionary of  Music.')  Capt.  O'Donnell's  work 
is  very  good,  and  the  absence  of  an  index  i& 
somewhat  compensated  for  by  a  chrono- 
logical Table  of  Contents  and  one  of  Illustra- 
tions. A.  RHODES. 


Coleridge's  Biographia  Epistolaris :  being  fhe 
Biographical  Supplement  of  Coleridge's  *  Bio- 
graphia Literaria,'  with  Additional  Letters,  &c. 
Edited  by  A.  Turnbull.  2  vols.  (Bell  &  Sons.) 

MR.  TUBNBULL  has  here  taken  the  '  Biographical 
Supplement'  of  1847,  begun  by.H.  N.  Coleridge, 
and  finished  by  his  widow,  and  printed,  he  says, 
"all  the  non  -  copyright  letters  of  Coleridge 
available  from  other  sources ....  and  additional 
biographical  matter,  explanatory  of  the  letters." 
He  has  thus,  he  contends,  produced  "  as  faith- 
ful a  picture  of  the  Poet-Philosopher  Coleridge 
as  can  be  got  anywhere,  for  Coleridge  always  paints 
his  own  character  on  his  letters.  Those  desirous 
of  a  fuller  picture  may  peruse,  along  with  this 
work,  the  letters  published  in  the  Collection  of 
1895,  the  place  of  which  in  the  narrative  ia 
indicated  in  foot-notes." 

The  expert  in  the  disjecta  membra  of  this  fine- 

8oet  will  not  be  able  to  praise  Mr.  Turnbull  for- 
tie  thoroughness  of  his  search  for  material,  andi 
will,  we  think,  be  occasionally  irritated  by  the 
comments  supplied  ;  still,  the  collection  has  the- 
same  kind  of  vivid  interest  as  the  '  Biographia 
Literaria '  from  its  range,  its  divagations,  its '. 
varieties  of  style  and  matter,  and,  it  must  be 
added,  its  picture  of  a  man  whose  promise  was 
so  much  greater  than  his  performance,  great  as 
that  is  now  recognized  to  be  in  poetry. 

The  enunciation  of  Coleridge's  many  religious- 
and  philosophic  theses  seems  now  more  amusingly 
pompous  than  ever,  and  his  recurrent  hopes  of 
making  the  public  pay  for  such  instruction  will 
be  amazing  to  the  modern  journalist.  Looking 
back  on  his  life,  we  may  consider  him  at  least  as 
fortunate  as  he  deserved  to  be,  lucky  above  all 
in  such  friends  as  Sir  Humphry  Davy,  James 
Gillman,  and  Thomas  Allsop.  But  we  have  no 
desire  to  utter  moral  platitudes  or  patronizing 
comments  concerning  a  great  man  whose  pitiful 
weakness  of  will  was  a  torment  to  himself.  Besides 
the  complaints  of  the  valetudinarian  and  the 
disappointed  writer,  there  are  humorous  touches. 


200 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s.  iv.  SEPT.  2, 1911. 


*nd  odd,  bright  comments  vivified  by  Coleridge's 
insight — how  great  at  its  best  all  students  of 
Shakespeare  should  know — and  judgments  of 
and  by  Coleridge  which  afford  piquant  contrasts. 
The  comments  on  Walter  Scott  are,  as  is  remarked 
in  a  note,  "  not  justifiable,"  and  will  be  ranked 
by  the  judicious  along  with  the  spleen  of  Carlyle. 
As  for  Scott's  poetry,  a  word  might  have  been 
said  of  the  reasons  why  Coleridge  was  prejudiced 
Against  it.  Lockhart  does  not  fail  to  record  the 
metrical  hint  taken  from  the  casual  recitation  by 
Sir  John  Stoddart  of  the  unpublished  '  Christabel.' 
Pleasant  certainly  is  Coleridge's  appreciation 
of  the  Lambs  ;  and  there  is  entertainment  to  be 
had,  though  of  a  less  elevating  character,  in  the 
poet-philosopher's  relations  with  the  motley 
world  of  society,  politics,  trade,  and  literature. 
We  find  him  as  ingenious  in  palliations  and 
•excuses  as  Beethoven  when  that  great  master  did 
not  choose  to  be  bothered  with  an  archducal 
pupil. 

Nanoleon  I.  :  a  Biography.  By  August  Fournier. 
Translated  by  Annie  Elizabeth  Adams.  With 
an  Introduction  by  H.  A.  L.  Fisher.  2  vols. 
(Longmans  &  Co.) 

MR.  FISHER  points  out  in  his  brief  Introduction 
that  the  author  is  an  Austrian  Professor  "  whose 
name  has  long  been  a  household  word  among 
those  students  whose  special  concern  is  the  lite- 
rature of  the  Napoleonic  age."  The  book  before 
us  achieved  an  immediate  success  in  1885  ;  but 
its  present  form  is  an  English  version  of  a  revision 
in  which  the  great  mass  of  recent  research  \*as 
considered,  and  which  appeared  in  Vienna,  1904-6. 
The  translator  has  done  her  work  very  well,  a 
fact  which  Mr.  Fisher  might  have  left  independent 
critics  to  discover.  It  is  pleasant  to  have  in 
sound  and  easy  English  so  readable  a  work  as  this. 

Prof.  Founder,  unlike  some  academic  nota- 
bilities, has  the  gift  of  putting  before  the  reader 
clearly  and  concisely  the  acts  and  motives  A\hieh 
•reveal  character.  His  history  is,  in  fact,  strong 
in  human  interest,  and,  though  frequently  "  docu- 
mented" in  foot-notes,  gives  a  narrative  which 
can  be  followed  with  ease,  and  is  free  from  the 
infinite  complications  so  dear  to  the  specialist. 
Wo  find,  for  instance,  revealing  accounts  of  the 
coup  d'etat  of  IS  and  19  Bnunaire,  and  of  Napo- 
leon's life  at  St.  Helena.  By  his  skilful  use  of 
detail  the  author  tells  us  much  in  a  few  word?. 

With  the  greatest  admiration  for  Napoleon 
as  a  general  and  strategist,  Prof.  Foamier  does 
not  hesitate  to  expose  his  selfishness  and  trickery, 
and  calls  attention  to  the  many  discrepancies 
between  fact  and  the  Emperor's  rhetoric.  To 
plunge  France  in  perpetual  war,  even  with 
glorious  results,  was  hardly  patriotic,  and 
Napoleon  could  have  indulged  as  a  civilian  in  his 
inexhaustible  zeal  for  detail.  Even  ab  Elba  he 
was  full  of  improvements  for  the  island. 

Decided  views  are  expressed  on  many  disputed 
points,  but  we  have  no  objection  to  this  course. 
If  there  is  error,  Napoleon  himself  in  his  dis- 
torted memoirs  has  contributed  to  it.  In  matters 
of  motive  certainty  can  seldom  be  attained  ; 
yet  it  represents  the  part  of  history  which  is  of 
the  greatest  interest,  and  the  part,  in  which,  it 
seems  to  us,  Prof.  Fournier  particularly  dis- 
tinguishes himself.  His  way  of  writing,  too, 
if  not  epigrammatic,  is  agreeably  incisive  at  times. 
He  brushes  aside  easily  Napoleon's  claim,  after 


coming  on  board  the  Bellerophon,  to  be  treated 
as  a  guest  rather  than  an  enemy  ;  and  lie  does 
not  take  so  black  a  view  of  Sir  Hudson  Lowe  as 
Lord  Rosebery  did  in  '  The  Last  Phase.'  He 
does  not  mince  words  concerning  the  murder  of  the 
Due  d'Enghien,  or,  earlier  in  Napoleon's  career, 
the  massacre  of  prisoners  at  Acre.  In  palliation 
of  the  latter  a  note  quotes  military  reasons, 
but,  even  if  these  are  veracious,  "  no  laws  of  war 
could  justify  such  an  iniquitous  deed."  Ambi- 
tion was  surely  never  made  of  more  heartless 
stuff  than  in  Napoleon,  and  his  wonderful  powers 
of  attracting  people  in  spite  of  this  are  alone  suffi- 
cient to  show  his  greatness  as  a  "  superman." 

There  are  formidable  Bibliographies  provided 
at  the  end  of  each  volume  ;  two  frontispieces 
which  give  unusually  attractive  views  of  Napoleon, 
and  seven  maps. 

GEORGE  EDWARD  COKAYNE. — We  ought  to  have 
noticed  before  the  death,  on  6  August,  of  Mr. 
George  Edward  Cokayne,  Clarenceux  King  of 
Arms.  He  had  reached  his  eighty-seventh  year, 
and  had  a  unique  experience  of  heraldry,  starting 
his  official  work  as  Rouge  Dragon  in  1859,  and  later 
holding  the  positions  of  Lancaster  Herald  and 
Norroy  King  of  Arms.  '  G.  E.  C.'s  Complete 
Peerage '  has  long  held  the  position  of  a  work  of 
prime  authority  on  its  subject.  But  readers  of  our 
columns  do  not  need  to  be  told  of  Mr.  Cokayne's 
wonderful  knowledge  and  ready  courtesy.  The 
last  letter  he  ever  dictated  was  sent  to  Notes  and 
Queries,  and  he  insisted  on  not  leaving  a  query 
unanswered  in  his  favourite  paper.  He  was  one 
of  our  oldest  contributors,  and.  remarked  (10  S.  xii. 
433)  that  as  early  as  1852,  in  the  First  Series,  he 
wrote  under  the  signature  G.  E.  Adams,  his  name 
until  1873. 

Reference  to  the  Indexes  of  the  Ninth  and  Tenth 
Series  will  show  how  much  valuable  matter  from 
his  pen  enriched  our  pages.  His  unequalled  grasp 
of  family  history  and  genealogy  was  combined  with 
the  modesty  which,  with  the  desire  to  help  others, 
is  characteristic  of  the  best  type  of  scholar. 


to 

ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
a,nd  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
communications  which,  for  any  reason,  we  do  not 
print,  and  to  this  rule  we  can  make  no  exception. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries  '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub- 
lishers " — at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

W.  T.  ("  We  left  our  country  for  our  country's 
good.")— From  G.  Barrington's  prologue  when  Dr. 
Young's  tragedy  'The  Revenge'  was  played  by 
convicts  at  Sydney,  New  South  Wales,  in  1796. 

H.  C.  BARNARD. — Forwarded. 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  9,  i9ii.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


201 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  0,  1911. 


CONTENTS.-No.  89. 

NOTES:— James  Harrison,  Painter  and  Architect,  201  — 
F.  J.  Skill,  an  Unappreciated  Artist,  203— Urban  V.'s 
Family  Name,  204 — Elizabethan  Plays  in  Manuscript — 
B.  L.  Stevenson  as  a  Scientific  Observer  —  British 
Museum  :  Earliest  Guide—"  Beady-Money  Mortiboy  "— 
Linlathen  :  its  Position,  205— Coverham  Horses— Bail- 
way  :  Fire-damp :  Early  Mention — Snakes  drinking  Milk 
— Highgate  Archway— Oldest  British  Soldier— Tailor  and 
Poet — Alderman  Wooldridge,  206. 

•QUEBIES  :— Strawberry  Hill :  «  Description  of  the  Villa ' 
— "All  my  eye  and  Betty  Martin" — "  Put  that  in  your 
pipe  and  smoke  it " — Macaulay  on  the  War  of  the  Spanish 
Succession — Bichard  Cromwell :  "When  .Dick  the  fourth," 
207  —  Mary  Wollstonecraf t :  Mrs.  Brown  —  Chaplains  : 
their  Status — "  The  Boad  to  Jerusalem  "—Ancient  Metal 
Box— T.  and  P.  Gaily,  Printsellers,  208-Lunatics  and 
Private  Lunatic  Asylums—"  Every  Irishman  has  a  potato 
in  his  head  "—Oliver  Cromwell's  Wife :  Bourchier  Family 
— "  Sevecher  " — Baker  Family  of  Sissinghurst — Authors 
Wanted -St.  Esprit— E.  Lister:  T.  Lyster—  Thynnes  of 
Longleat — Jew  and  Jewson  Surnames,  209— C.  Elstob— 
A.  Eltharn  — G.  England  — Iliff—G.  Ireland  — Ivatt  — 
Gordon  House,  Scutari  —  Moyle  Book-plate  —  Leman 
Street,  210. 

REPLIES :  — Masonic  Drinking- Mug  :  Toad  Mugs,  210— 
French  Coin  :  Bepublic  and  Empire,  211  —  Caracciolo 
Family— Sir  T.  Middleton,  212—  John  Niandser— Thir- 
teenth—  Bagstor  Surname — Swe-tapple  Court,  213  — 
Henry  Watkins,  M. P.— Stockings  Black  and  Coloured- 
Gyp's  'Petit  Bob '  —  Drayson's  'Third  Motion  of  the 
Earth,'  214-Cardinal  Allen  — Grand  Sharri  Tephlia  — 
Moory-Ground — "  Make  a  long  arm  " — Cowper  on  Lang- 
ford— "  Vive  la  Beige,"  215— '  Ingoldsby '  Bebus— Deeds 
and  Abstracts  of  Title— The  Vicar  of  Waken*  eld— "  Bed 
of  roses"  — Overing  Surname  — Club  Etranger— Barry 
O'Meara,  216— Washington  Irving's  'Sketch- Book '—Sir 
John  Arundel— Bibles  with  Curious  Beadings— Grinling 
Gibbons  —  Brisbane  Family — "Apssen  counter" — Lord 
Chief  Justice  and  the  Sheriff,  217— Beynolds's  Pocket- 
Books— "  Wimple,"  218. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :— '  A  Dictionary  of  Oriental  Quota- 
tions ' — Beviews  and  Magazines. 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


JAMES    HARRISON, 
PAINTER   AND    ARCHITECT. 

ONE  of  our  most  beautiful,  and,  from  an 
•art-educational  point  of  view,  most  useful, 
public  collections,  is  that  of  the  water- 
colour  pictures  in  the  National  Gallery  of 
British  Art  at  the  Victoria  and  Albert 
Museum.  Among  these  is  a  picture  which 
was  acquired  in  1876,  under  the  "  William 
Smith  bequest."  I  have  always  been  in- 
terested in  river-  and  sea-  scapes,  and  have 
given  my  attention  to  this  one  in  particular, 
as,  though  it  is  charmingly  painted,  little 
Deemed  to  be  known  about  it. 

The  picture  is  first  entered  in  the  Victoria 
and  Albert  catalogue  of  water-colours  for 
1878,  where  it  is  called  "  River  with  Vessels 


(1829),  by  Thomas  Harrison,"  birth  and 
death  being  unknown.  In  the  ]  884  edition 
it  is  attributed  to,  and  entered  as  by,  G.  H. 
Harrison  of  the  Old  Water-Colour  Society, 
who  died  20  October,  1846. 

The  Thames  barge  with  a  cleckload  of 
straw  on  the  right  at  once  proclaims  it  to  be 
in  English  waters.  Knowing  the  ports 
of  the  south  and  east  coasts  of  England 
fairly  well,  I  soon  identified  the  picture  as 
being  a  view  on  the  Orwell  ;  and  accordingly 
in  the  1888  edition  of  the  catalogue  it  is 
described  thus  :  '  The  River  Orwell  and  the 
Bridge  near  Ipswich.'  In  the  1893  edition 
it  is  no  longer  under  the  name  of  G.  H.  H., 
but  as  follows: — "Harrison  (?  Thomas, 
died  1829,  aged  85)."  The  entry  in  the  next 
andlast  edition,  1908,  shows  that  the  catalogue 
has  been  compiled  with  much  greater  care. 
It  reads  :  "  Harrison  (James),  exhibited 
landscapes  at  the  Royal  Academy  1827-46." 
Then  follows  the  description  as  above,  and 
the  size  in  inches,  "  8£  by  13|,  signed  and 
dated  1829." 

Not  being  absolutely  satisfied  that  the 
description  I  had  suggested  was  accurate, 
I  paid  a  visit  last  year  to  Harwich,  and  a 
sail  up  the  Orwell  at  once  satisfied  nay 
doubt.  But  I  took  several  pencil  notes  of 
the  structure  of  the  bridge,  and  on  returning 
compared  them  with  the  picture,  and  estab- 
lished the  identity  entirely  to  my  own 
satisfaction.  I  had  often  wished  to  go  by 
land  to  the  bridge,  but,  being  a  bad  walker, 
was  never  able  to  do  so.  However,  last 
year  I  was  able  to  get  there,  as  now  a  cor- 
poration tramway  runs  right  up  to  the 
bridge,  namely,  Bourne  Bridge,  Wherstead. 
I  found  that  the  roof  of  the  house  represented 
behind  the  two-masted  topsail  schooner  was 
the  old  "Ostrich  Inn,"  one  of  great  local 
celebrity.  The  sign  is  an  ostrich  with  a  horse- 
shoe in  its  mouth.  This  inn  and  the  bridge 
are  mentioned  in  '  Materials  for  the  History 
of  Wherstead,'  by  F.  Barham  Zincke, 
Chaplain  to  the  Queen,  1893.  When  Zincke 
wrote  he  said  the  ostrich  on  the  signboard 
had  no  horseshoe  in  its  mouth,  but  it  has 
one  now,  and  over  it  the  motto  "  prudens 
que  patiens."  '  At  the  Sign  of  the  Ostrich,' 
by  Charles  James,  1895,  is  not  the  inn  above- 
mentioned,  but  "the  Ostrich  at  Colnbrook, 
some  seventeen  miles  from  London  on  the 
Great  West  road." 

The  Wherstead  inn  is  well  worth  a  visit, 
for  it  must  be  several  hundred  years  old, 
and  the  disposition  of  the  bar  parlour  and 
other  rooms  is  still  the  same  as  it  was 
originally.  Needless  to  say,  I  took  the  hint 
comprised  in  the  verse  on  an  old  inn  I  was 


202 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  9, 1011. 


at  thirty  years  ago,  called  "  The  Five-Barred 
Gate":— 

This  gate  hangs  high  and  hinders  none  ; 
Refresh  and  pay  and  pass  along. 

Any  one  writing  about  English  artists 
must  inevitably  be  indebted  to  Mr.  Algernon 
Graves's  two  great  books,  '  A  Dictionary  of 
Artists,'  1893,  and  'The  Royal  Academy 
Exhibitors,  1769-1904,'  though  he  gives 
no  biographical  information. 

Having  found  out  something  about  the 
picture,  I  have  for  some  time  been  trying 
to  ascertain  who  the  "  J.  Harrison  "  was 
who  painted  it.  This,  I  think,  I  have  now 
accomplished,  as  the  following  shows.  I 
first  verified  Mr.  Graves's  entries  from  the 
Royal  Academy  catalogues.  In  this  way 
we  find  that  two  "  J."  Harrisons  exhibited 
for  some  years.  As  Mr.  Graves  points  out, 
the  indexer  of  the  Royal  Academy  catalogues 
has  mixed  them  up  in  a  hopeless  manner. 
Inaccuracies  in  the  Royal  Academy  cata- 
logues continued  to  1869,  for  on  22  May  in 
that  year  I  contributed  a  note  (4  S.  m. 
486)  dissecting  the  catalogue,  and  showing 
that  to  several  of  the  numbers  no  artist's 
name  was  given,  that  one  number  had 
no  picture  or  artist,  and  that  other  numbers 
were  given  twice. 

The  above  James  was  one  of  the  "  J.'s  "  ; 
the  other  J.  Harrison  was  a  miniature 
painter  called  John.  James  Harrison's  first 
exhibit  is  in  1827,  '  View  of  Margate 
Harbour':  the  word  "view"  seems  to 
foretell  what  was  going  to  happen  sub- 
sequently. The  next  year  he  exhibits 
'  Entrance  to  Harwich,  Essex.'  In  1829 
he  has  only  a  sort  of  architectural  drawing, 
the  '  South  Front  of  Somerset  House,'  and 
John  Harrison  did  not  exhibit.  In  1831  we 
have  a  view  of  a  gentleman's  residence 
which  was  being  erected  from  the  design,  and 
under  the  superintendence,  of  J.  Harrison. 
His  namesake  John  also  exhibits  a  '  Portrait 
of  John  Anderson,  Esq.'  I  cannot  help 
noticing  the  entry  just  above  it :  "  360, 
Portrait  of  -  -  Brunei,  Esq.,  by  J.  Ram- 
say." That  -  -  tells  a  tale  of  extraordinary 
ignorance. 

In  1832,  from  30,  Myddleton  Street  (so  in 
the  Royal  Academy  catalogue,  not  Square, 
as  Mr.  Graves  has  it),  Clerkenwell,  Nos.  73 
and  185  are  put  to  James  Harrison's  name. 
These  are  portraits  and  belong  to  John 
Harrison,  to  whom,  to  make  sure,  the  indexer 
has  given  them  as  well.  But  James  did  not 
exhibit  in  1832,  though  his  name  is  in  the 
index  as  just  stated.  In  1833  James  has 
a  design  for  the  '  Lawn  Front  of  the  Molt, 
South  Devon.' 


In  1833  a  "  J.  Harrison  "  had  a  landscape 
at  the  New  Water-Colour  Society,  according 
to  Graves's  Dictionary.  Fortunately  a  copy 
of  the  New  Water-Colour  Society's  catalogue 
of  this  date  is  preserved  in  "  The  Library, 
Victoria  and  Albert  Museum,"  in  the  Wm. 
Smith  bequest.  In  1834  James  is  credited 
(at  the  Royal  Academy)  with  No.  82,  which 
was  by  John,  who  is  given  No.  995,  which, 
however,  belonged  to  James ;  it  is  '  Proposed 
Design  for  Trinity  Church,  Woolwich.'  In 
1835  neither  exhibited. 

In  1836,  for  the  first  and  only  time,  the 
latter 's  name  is  in  full,  "  James."  He  is 
credited  with  three  exhibits  :  No.  74,  which 
has  no  description;  No.  113,  'Study';  and 
No.  1009,  which  last  alone  I  should  say  was 
his,  '  Design  for  City  of  London  Schools,'  to 
which  the  committee  awarded  the  third 
premium.  John's  name  is  not  in  the  index. 

In  1837  there  are  five  exhibits  numbered 
1102.  James's  is  No.  1102§  (not  in  Graves), 
and  it  is  a  design  for  Dodbrooke  Rectory, 
South  Devon.  In  1838  he  has  no  exhibit. 

In  1839  he  had  the  '  Garden  Front  of  a 
Villa,'  and  lastly  in  1846  another  residence, 
No.  1244,  '  Ken  sal  House,  Harrow  Road, 
erected  from  the  designs  and  under  the 
superintendence  of  J.  Harrison  '  :  address 
1,  Holford  Square,  Pentonville.  I  trust  to 
Mr.  Graves  in  saying  that  James  did  not 
again  exhibit.  But  for  this  last  address 
further  identification  would,  I  believe,  have 
been  hopeless.  It  discovers  two  things  : 
first,  the  address,  which  has  enabled  me  to 
trace  James  subsequently  in  the  Post  Office 
Directory ;  secondly,  it  seems  to  disclose 
his  relationship  to  Mrs.  G.  H.  Harrison  ; 
for  under  her  name  in  the  index  I  find  "see 
above  address  "  (i.e.  James's).  Then  I  find 
that  Mrs.  Harrison's  address  is  given  in  the 
indexes  as  at  1,  Holford  Square  from  1845 
to  1858.  Her  husband  died  on  20  October, 
1846,  in  which  year  he  exhibited  for  the  last 
time  (see  J.  L.  Roget's  'Old  Water-Colour 
Society,'  1891). 

I  infer  that  James  and  G.  H.  H.  were 
brothers,  the  sons  of  the  well-known  flower- 
painter  Mrs.  G.  H.  Harrison,  formerly  Mary 
P.  Rossiter.  She  had  twelve  children  and 
brought  them  all  up  on  her  own  earnings — 
see  Redgrave's  '  Dictionary  of  Artists,'  and 
also  Graves  and  Roget.  In  1863  her  address 
in  the  Royal  Academy  catalogue  is  "  Squire's 
Mount,  Hampstead,"  which  was  the  house 
of  Frederick  Harrison.  After  1863  her 
name  does  not  appear  in  the  Royal  Academy 
catalogues. 

After  1846  the  Royal  Academy  catalogues 
are  no  further  use  for  this  inquiry,  so  I  had 


us.  iv.  SEPT. 9,  i9iL]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


203 


recourse  to  the  Post  Office  Directory. 
James  was  at  1,  Holford  Square  (Mrs.  G.  H. 
Harrison's  address)  from  1844  to  1848  as 
an  architect  and  surveyor,  then  he  moved 
to  34a,  Moorgate  Street ;  in  1875  he  went 
to  22,  Basinghall  Street ;  and  in  1880  to 
1,  Guildhall  Chambers.  His  name  disappears 
after  1881.  I  have  searched  at  the  Probate 
Office  in  that  year  and  after,  but  have  not 
found  any  will  proved. 

Thus  I  infer  that  James  began  life  as  a 
painter,  and  had  circumstances  favoured 
him,  he  would  have  continued  in  that  pro- 
fession ;  but  he  found  his  living  in  archi- 
tecture, and  that  was  the  profession  he 
pursued. 

One  of  James  Harrison's  pictures  is  in  the 
well-known  collection  of  water-colours  formed 
by  Dr.  John  Percy,  F.R.S.  (died  1889  :  see 
Boase's  'Modern  English  Biography'). 
About  700  artists  and  1,500  pictures  were 
represented  in  this  collection.  An  exhibi- 
tion of  selected  works  took  place  at  the 
Burlington  Fine- Arts  Club  in  1876,,  the 
catalogue  (anonymous)  being  compiled,  not, 
as  might  be  supposed,  by  the  owner,  but 
by  Sir  Wm.  Drake.  Dr.  Percy  took  Drake's 
catalogue  as  a  groundwork,  but  unwisely, 
as  he  very  soon  buried  it  with  his  own 
additions  of  every  kind.  We  must  con- 
gratulate ourselves  that  Dr.  Percy's  cata- 
logue was  acquired  for  the  Print-Room  by 
Sir  Sidney  Colvin.  It  is  crammed  with  bio- 
graphical information  about  the  artists,  and 
original  letters  from  many  of  the  great  judges 
of  art  of  the  time,  and  sometimes  has  the 
names  of  the  persons  of  whom  he  bought 
and  the  prices  he  gave.  It  is  curious  to 
note  the  artists  who  are  not  represented  : 
E.  Duncan,  F.  J.  Skill,  C.  Davidson,  and 
many  others.  Dr.  Percy  had  no  example 
by  C.  F.  Williams,  a  collection  of  whose 
water-colours  is  at  the  Southampton  Public 
Library.  Williams  was  an  exhibitor  from 
1827  to  1841.  Of  the  sale  of  Dr.  Percy's 
collection  at  Christie's  long  accounts  will  be 
found  in  The  Times  of  19  and  26  April,  1890. 

The  following  is  from  the  entry  in  Dr. 
Percy's  own  MS.  catalogue  : — 

"  Boat  on  the  shore,  with  stormy  sky  and  several 
small  figures.  At  the  bottom  right-hand  corner 
is  written  '  J.  Harrison,  1830.'  Pure  water  colour, 
9Jw.  X  6£h.  Capital  drawing.  One  of  Hollo- 
way's  stock  taken  to  by  Goupil  &  Co." 

In  the  margin  is  this  pencil  note  :  "P. 
Harrison:  is  it  J.  or  F.  ?  "  showing  that  he 
knew  nothing  about  the  artist,  although  his 
name  comes  immediately  after  a  water- 
colour  by  Mrs.  Mary  Harrison.  On  the  first 
page  of  the  catalogue  Dr.  Percy  explains 


that   "  the  expression  '  pure  water  colour  ' 
means  freedom  from  body  colour." 

This  inquiry  fhas  been  greatly  aided 
by  the  facilities  that  are  given  at  the 
Victoria  and  Albert  Museum  Library,  where 
the  books  are  all  under  one's  hand,  so  to 
speak.  Readers  who  would  study  or  write 
about  art  matters  will  find  the  greatest 
assistance  by  going  to  this  fine  library. 

When  I  consider  the  time  and  trouble  this 
note  has  taken  to  compile,  I  cannot  help 
thinking  of  the  vast  work  there  is  to  be  done, 
if  only  a  short  account  is  to  be  given  of 
the  thousands  of  artists  in  Graves's  'Dic- 
tionary,' of  whom  nothing  is  known  except 
that  they  exhibited. 

RALPH   THOMAS. 


F.  J.  SKILL,  AN  UNAPPRECIATED 
ARTIST. 

IN  The  Athenceum  of  12  August,  in  a  review  of 
'  Lovel  the  Widower,  and  other  Stories r 
(the  "  Harry  Furniss  Centenary  Edition  of 
Thackeray"),  I  notice  one  striking  para- 
graph :— 

"  Mr.  Purniss  emphasizes  a  point  he  has  already 
made — that  illustrations  worked  out  as  drawings 
on  wood  by  other  artists  from  Thackeray's  rough 
sketches  can  hardly  be  described  as  Thackeray's. 
Swam,  the  well-known  engraver,  told  Mr.  Furniss 
that  an  artist  called  Skill  made  many  such  draw- 
ings." 

It  seems  somewhat  hard  on  the  memory  of 
a  conscientious  wood-draughtsman,  who 
had  a  decent  share  of  reputation  fifty  or 
sixty  years  ago,  to  write  of  him  as  an  un- 
known artist ;  yet  it  is  too  true  that  his 
tame,  careful  style  would  simply  "  dish " 
sketches  of  the  sort  described. 

Skill — who,  according  to  "Bryan,"  was 
born  about  1824,  and,  says  the  same  autho- 
rity, "  died  March  8,  1881,  of  a  broken  heart, 
having  failed  to  attract  public  attention " 
— was,  I  have  been  told,  brought  up  as  a 
steel-engraver ;  his  drawings,  rather  cold 
and  laboured,  would  seem  to  bear  out  this 
statement.  As  a  landscape  painter  in  water 
colour  he  made  a  small  success  ;  became  a 
member  of  the  Institute  ;  and  although  in 
England  he  was  "  comparatively  little  known 
in  art  circles,"  he  was  a  frequent  exhibitor 
in  Paris. 

By  no  means  a  genius,  scarcely  even  gifted 
with  "  cleverness,"  he  honestly  supported 
his  name  of  "  Skill  "  :  care  and  skill,  patience 
and  perseverence,  marked  all  his  work.  He 
was  one  of  those  artists  "  discovered  "  by 
George  Stiff  when  he  was  floating  the  old 
London  Journal :  the  front-page  "  oval  " 


•204 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT  .  9, 1911. 


-portrait,  signed  F.  J.  Skill,  was  for  some 
few  years  a  leading  attraction.  After  1854 
he  was,  however,  superseded  by  Francesco 
Sargent,  whose  woodcut  portraits  were  less 
^artistic,  but  who  was,  no  doubt,  better  at  a 
likeness.  Skill  always  had  the  ambition 
to  be  an  illustrator  of  serial  stories';  but, 
•except  on  CasselTs  Family  Paper  (1860-61), 
his  talents  in  this  direction  were  slighted. 
"Time  and  again  he  would  join  the  staff  of 
:Some  ephemeral  weekly  or  monthly  ;  but 
.after  leaving  The  London  Journal  he  cannot 
"be  said  to  have  prospered.  For  portraits  on 
wood  H.  Anelay  had  in  those  days  first  place 
on  The  Illustrated  London  News  ;  Bow  Bells 
employed  T.  H.  Wilson  ;  while  CasselVs 
favoured  many  portrait  -  artists,  amongst 
others  Ed.  Morin,  and,  best  of  all,  the  late 
'Thomas  Dewell  Scott. 

Towards  the  last  Skill  devoted  himself  to 
landscape-painting,  visiting  the  Continent 
rBkstching — notably  at  Venice.  Between 
1858  and  1876  he  exhibited  twenty-six 
pictures  in  London,  yet  with  disheartening 
results.  Had  he  striven  more  after  force 
.and  action  in  his  work,  and  less,  maybe, 
after  dainty  pencilling,  he  would  perhaps 
have  been  a  greater  success  ;  but,  alas  ! 
passed  over  while  he  lived,  he  is  now 
remembered  only  by  a  couple  of  pictures 
.at  South  Kensington  and  a  few  lines  in 
Bryan.  I  do  not  think  he  ever  married. 
Bryan  does  not  give  his  Christian  names 
in  full  ;  I  believe  they  were  Frederick  John. 
HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 

39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennington  Lane. 


URBAN    V.'S    FAMILY   NAME. 

POPE  URBAN  V.  (1362-70)  appears  to  have 
been  a  man  of  talent,  learning,  and  integrity, 
and  was  connected  with  England  by  his 
attempt  to  put  into  practical  force  John's 

frant  of  England  as  a  fief  to  the  Papal 
ee,  and  also  by  his  contest  with  Wickliff. 
But  I  find  no  little  confusion  as  to  his 
family  name,  and  am  led  by  examination 
of  the  point  to  conclude  that,  instead  of 
belonging  to  some  otherwise  totally  obscure 
French  family,  he  was  a  scion  of  one  of 
the  oldest  and  most  powerful  of  the 
European  mediaeval  septs,  i.e.,  of  the 
Grimaldi,  Princes  of  Monaco,  Salerno,  &c., 
and  holders  of  numerous  dukedoms,  mar- 
quisates,  &c.,  in  Italy,  Spain,  and  France. 

That  there  is  uncertainty  in  the  matter 
is  clear  from  the  fact  of  his  family  name 
being  so  diversely  given  by  various  writers. 
'The  excellent  '  Histoire  d'Urbain  V.'  by 


Abbe  Magnan  (Paris,  1862)  calls  Urban  V. 
Guillaume  de  Grimoard,  and  does  not 
mention  his  family  beyond  his  father.  ;I 
have  been  unable  to  procure  copies  of  the 
lives  of  Urban  V.  by  Charbonald  (Paris, 
1872)  and  by  Albanes  (Paris,  1872),  so  I  am 
unaware  by  what  name  those  writers  call 
this  Pope.  Other  writers  spell  the  name 
as  follows  : — 

1.  Grimoard. — Platina  ;      Duchesne  ;       Camp- 
bell ;      Waller  ;      Gould  ;      Choisy  ;      McBurney  ; 
Chambers  ;      Gregorovius  ;      .Mosheim  ;      '  Ency- 
clopaedia Americana.' 

2.  Grimoardi.  —  Bosquet ;    Muratcri ;    Taylor  ; 
Bower. 

3.  Grimardi. — Duchesne  ;    Rose. 

4.  Grimaud.— Pleury  ;    Nicolas. 

5.  Grimoald.   —  Froissart  ;        '  Encyclopaedia 
Britannica.' 

6.  Grimoaldi. — Henschenio  ;  Riccioli. 

7.  Grymbold. — Bale. 

8.  Grimaldo.  —  Dobelli  ;      '  Bullarum    Roman- 
orum.' 

9.  Grimaldi.  —  Cavallerus,       '  Pontificum    Ro- 
manoruin       Effigies'  ;        '  Epitome       Pontificum 
Romanorum  Cardinalium '  ;   a  Latin  Life. 

10.  Grimoaldus. — Baronius,  Raynaldi. 

There  is  a  sufficient  similarity  between 
these  varieties  to  suggest  their  being  variants 
of  the  same  name,  and  the  only  great  family 
name  of  that  time  among  them  is  No.  9, 
Grimaldi,  Grimaud  (4)  is  a  corruption  of 
the  same  ;  for  in  Provence  is  the  Golfe  de 
Grimaud,  named  after  Gibalin  Grimaldi, 
who  conquered  that  part  from  the  Saracens 
(  Pemberton,  '  History  of  Monaco  '  ).  As, 
therefore,  in  Gibalin's  case  Grimaldi  was 
turned  to  Grimaud,  so  it  may  have  been 
in  that  of  Urban  V.  The  spelling  Grymbold 
(7)  is  that  applied  to  the  Elizabethan  poet 
Nicholas  Grimaldi,  who  in  his  '  Cicero  ' 
spells  his  name  Grimald.  For  the  same 
reason  Urban' s  name  may  have  been 
corrupted  from  Grimaldi  to  Grymbold. 
Grimoald  (5),  Grimoaldi  (8),  and  Grimoaldus 
(10),  are  evidently  the  same  name  with 
Italian  and  Latin  terminations.  In  this 
form  the  early  Dukes  of  Benevento  often 
appear,  instead  of  as  Grimaldi.  The  spel- 
lings Grimardi  (3)  and  Grimoard  (1)  differ 
more  It  seems  as  if  the  I  had  been  accident- 
ally changed  to  r,  and  then  perpetuated. 
Otherwise  all  the  spellings  appear  to  be 
derived  from  Grimaldi. 

This  conclusion  is  almost  certain,  since 
three  authorities  gi^  nis  name  as  Grimaldi, 
viz.,  Cavallerus,  *  Pontificum  Romanorum 
Effigies,'  Basse,  1585  ;  Panvinius,  'Epitome,' 
Venetiis,  1559  ;  and  a  Latin  Life  of 
Jrban  V.  in  which  he  and  his  brother 
are  spoken  of  as  "  Gullielimus  Grimaldi" 
and  "  Angelicus  Grimaldi." 


us. iv.  SEPT.  9,  ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


205 


Urban  V.  was  of  a  family  settled  at 
Grisac  in  Provence  ;  in  fact,  in  that  part 
of  France  where  the  Grimaldi  had  formerly 
large  possessions  at  Antibes,  Cannes,  Frejus, 
&c.  As  many  members  of  the  Grimaldi 
family  became  Cardinals,  it  would  be  natural 
that  one  should  reach  the  Papacy ;  but 
Urban  V.  is  the  only  Pope  who  can  have 
belonged  to  this  family. 

The  other  form  (8)  is  exactly  how  the 
Grimaldi  of  Spain  spelt  the  name.  On  the 
whole,  therefore,  it  would  seem  that  the 
family  name  of  Pope  Urban  V.  was  Guillaume 
da  Grimaldi.  L.  M.  R. 


ELIZABETHAN  PLAYS  IN  MANUSCRIPT. — 
Sir  Edward  Sullivan,  writing  in  The  Nine- 
teenth Century  for  July,  says  : — 

"  Not  one  original  MS.  of  even  a  single  play 
[produced  between  1572  and  1642]  has  survived, 
and,  so  far  as  I  am  aware,  we  have  but  one 
instance  of  the  preservation  of  an  actor's  acting 
part — Alleyn's  part  of  Orlando  Purioso." 
The  MS.  of  '  Sir  Thomas  More,'  preserved 
in  the  British  Museum,  is  mostly,  if  not 
altogether  belonging  to  the  Elizabethan 
period.  The  peculiar  interest  of  this  play 
is  that  some  critics  consider  part  of  the  MS. 
to  be  not  only  Shakespeare's  composition, 
but  also  to  be  in  his  actual  handwriting. 

P.    A.    McELWAINE. 

R.  L.  STEVENSON  AS  A  SCIENTIFIC  OB- 
SERVER.— There  is  a  reference  to  him  in 
the  book  by  his  father,  Thomas  Stevenson, 
on  '  The  Design  and  Construction  of  Har- 
bours,' 3rd  ed.  (Edinburgh,  1886),  p.  163. 
The  son  is  stated  to  have  made  some  obser- 
vations on  deflected  waves  at  Pulteney 
Town  breakwater,  from  which  the  father 
calculated  the  value  of  a  constant  in  a  certain 
formula.  L.  L.  K. 

BRITISH  MUSEUM  :  EARLIEST  GUIDE. — 
'  The  General  Contents  of  the  British 
Museum,'  a  crown  octavo  volume  of  103 
pages,  published  by  R.  &  J.  Dodsley,  1761, 
is  apparently  the  earliest  guide-book  to 
Montague  House  and  its  contents.  Its 
author  was  Edmund  Powlett,  who  on 
5  December,  1761,  sold  a  half  share  in  the 
profits  to  James  Dodsley  for  eight  guineas. 
A  like  sum  was  to  be  paid  in  the  event  of 
a  second  edition  of  750  copies  being  issued. 
An  agreement  to  this  effect  now  before  me 
affords  the  first  identification  of  its  author. 

Although  it  was  suitable  for  the  purpose, 
apparently  the  public  were  not  interested 
in  the  British  Museum,  and  a  second  edition 
of  the  guide  was  not  required.  At  this  date 


Newbery  was  publishing  his  popular  guide 
to  Westminster  Abbey,  following  the  very 
successful  book  by  Coull,  but  evidently 
the  less  general  interest  in  the  Museum, 
or  the  restrictions  as  to  admission,  prevented 
Bloomsbury  from  affording  a  rival  attraction 
to  the  waxworks  and  other  wonders  at 
Westminster. 

The  London  Magazine  did  not  give  much 
publicity  to  the  Museum  until  1763,  and  The 
Royal  Magazine  only  included  (February, 
1764)  a  description  in  a  long  contribution 
entitled  '  A  Tour  through  the  Cities  of 
London  and  Westminster.' 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS, 

"  READY-MONEY  MORTIBOY  "  :  ORIGINAL 
OF  THE  CHARACTER. — It  is  always  interesting 
to  know  who  were  the  originals  of  familiar 
characters  in  works  of  fiction.  I  therefore 
pass  on  the  following  item  of  information 
to  '  N.  &  Q.' 

There  has  recently  died  at  Northampton 
Mr.  Charles  Cecil  Becke,  the  Borough  Coroner. 
In  the  obituary  notice  in  The  Northampton 
Mercury  it  is  stated  that  his  mother  "  was 
a  sister  of  the  late  Mr.  Henry  Billington 
Whitworth,  who  amassed  a  large  fortune, 
and  figures  in  Besant  and  Rice's  famous- 
novel — he  was  the  original  of  '  Ready- 
Money  Mortiboy.'  ' 

It  will  be  recalled  that  Mr.  James  Rice 
was  a  Northampton  man,  and  that  the  above- 
mentioned  novel  was  the  first  work  written 
in  collaboration  with  Sir  Walter  Besant. 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 
Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

LINLATHEN  :  ITS  POSITION. — One  of  the 
most  remarkable  Scotsmen  in  the  second 
half  of  the  nineteenth  century  was  Thomas 
Erskine,  who  is  almost  universally  desig- 
nated "  of  Linlathen."  He  corresponded 
with  the  most  prominent  religious  thinkers 
of  his  day,  was  a  close  friend  of  Principal 
Shairp  and  Dr.  John  Brown  of  '  Rab  and 
his  Friends,'  and  was  greatly  esteemed  by 
Carlyle.  He  frequently  had  Carlyle  as  a 
guest  at  Linlathen,  and  he  entertained  him 
at  his  Edinburgh  residence  in  1866  when  he 
delivered  the  famous  Rectorial  address. 

Like  many  more  who  speak  and  write 
of  Linlathen,  Froude  seems  to  have  had 
only  a  vague  conception  of  its  position.  In 
chap.  xx.  of  '  Carlyle' s  Life  in  London,' 
vol.  ii.  p.  94,  after  saying  that  the  philo- 
sopher of  Chelsea  had  gone  on  a  visit  to  his 
Scottish  friend,  he  introduces  the  first  letter 
from  the  country  quarters  with  the  remark, 
"  He  meanwhile  was  reporting  his  successful 
arrival  in  Fife."  Linlathen,  however,  is  in 


206 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  9, 1911. 


Forfarshire,  on  the  Dighty  Water,  near 
Monifieth.  Two  sentences  from  the  remi- 
niscences contributed  by  Principal  Shairp  to 
*  Letters  of  Thomas  Erskine  of  Linlathen ' 
make  the  matter  quite  clear  : — 

"  After  we  had  returned  from  our  drive,  we 
sat  for  some  time  on  the  lawn  just  over  the 
Dighty  Water,  which  ran  underneath  the  bank  on 
which  the  house  stands ....  With  any  of  his  guests 
at  Linlathen  who  cared  for  it,  Mr.  Erskine  used 
to  continue  his  talk,  not  only  in  his  library  and 
along  the  corridor,  but  in  walks  about  the  place, 
or  in  a  longer  walk  to  the  bare  bleak  links  of 
Monifieth,  where  the  outlook  was  on  the  eastern 
sea." 

Quoted  in  Prof.  Knight's  '  Principal 
Shairp  and  his  Friends,'  p.  220. 

THOMAS  BAYNE. 

COVERHAM  HOUSES. — Dr.  Cox  notes  in 
'  Sanctuaries  and  Sanctuary  Seekers,'  p.  303, 
that  in  1369, 

'*  at  9  o'clock  on  the  Saturday  before  St.  Valen- 
tine's Day,  William  de  Wallan  placed  himself 
within  the  church  of  Cromwell  and  tarried  there 
until  the  following  Thursday,  when  he  confessed 
before  the  coroner  to  having  stolen  a  horse  worth 
100s.  from  the  Abbot  of  Coverham,  Richmond- 
shire." 

Dr.  Cox  remarks  :  "  This  was  a  great  price  ; 
the  horse  was  probably  a  pacing  palfrey." 

I  do  not  know  how  that  may  have  been, 
but  Coverham  canons  owned  a  famous  breed 
of  white  horses,  of  which  traces  are  still 
observable  in  Coverdale  and  the  country 
adjacent.  The  monks  of  Jervaulx  had  also 
a  celebrated  stud.  (See  Murray's  '  Hand- 
book for  Travellers  in  Yorkshire,'  pp.  329, 
330.)  ST.  S  WITHIN. 

RAILWAY  :  FIRE-DAMP  :  EARLY  MEN- 
TION.—In  the  Historic  MSS.  Commission 
Report  just  published  on  the  archives  of 
Lord  Middleton  at  Wollaton,  Notts,  mention 
is  made  on  pp.  169-77  of  a  colliery  railway 
in  Nottinghamshire  (worked,  of  course,  by 
horses)  in  daily  use  in  the  reign  of  Queen 
Elizabeth  for  the  conveyance  of  coals  to 
the  Trent  for  shipment  to  London. 

Fire-damp  is  also  spoken  of  as  early  as  in 
1316  ("ventus  qui  vocatur  le  dampe,"  pp. 

R.  B. 
Upton. 

«,  [THT  ^S1?8*  <luotation  for  "fire-damp"  in 
the  N.L.D  is  from  the  Philosophical  Trans- 
actions for  1677.  There  is  a  cross-reference  to 
damp,  where  the  first  example  of  "  damp  " 
in  coal-mines  is  from  Bacon's  '  Sylva,'  1626.] 

SNAKES  DRINKING  MILK.— To  the  instances 
^C,or^  ™ihe  Tenth  Series  (see  x.  265, 
316,  335,  377,  418  ;  xi.  157,  336)  I  may  add 
two  that  have  come  to  my  knowledge. 


The  first  happened  in  Rhodesia — a  little 
girl  was  missed  in  the  afternoons,  and  at 
last  was  found  on  the  roof  of  her  father's 
house,  with  a  saucer  of  milk  beside  her 
and  a  most  venomous  snake  lapping  it  up. 
The  next  day  the  same  thing  occurred. 

In  Queensland  a  boa,  or  carpet  snake, 
drank  each  night  the  milk  placed  on  a 
table  beside  the  bed  for  an  invalid.  The 
sick  person  was  removed  into  another  room, 
and  watch  was  kept.  The  snake  came  as 
usual,  and  while  drinking  the  milk  was  shot. 
(Mrs.)E.  C.  WIENHOLT. 

Woodheys,  West  Park,  Eltham. 

HIGHGATE  ARCHWAY. — The  following,  as 
quoted  by  The  Observer  from  its  issue  of 
18  August,  1811,  may  be  of  interest : — 

"  On  Monday,  in  honour  of  the  Prince 
Regent's  birth,  the  foundation  stone  of  the 
Highgate  Archway  was  laid  by  Mr.  Vazie, 
engineer  of  the  works,  when  the  workmen  were 
regaled  with  a  plentiful  supply  of  strong  beer, 
brewed  for  the  occasion." 

This  refers,  of  course,  to  the  structure 
demolished  fourteen  years  ago,  when  the 
present  fine  arch  was  erected  by  the  London 
County  Council.  CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 

OLDEST  BRITISH SOLDIER. — The  following 
from  The  Daily  Telegraph  of  7  August  seems 
worth  a  place  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  : — 

"  The  King  has  been  graciously  pleased  to 
present  a  Coronation  Medal  to  A.  McNichol,  the 
oldest  soldier  in  the  British  Army.  He  joined  the 
1st  Foot  Regt.,  Aug.  2,  1837,  at  19  years  of  age  ; 
he  is  now  93.  He  is  the  oldest  pensioner  at  Chelsea, 
and  served  with  the  oldest  regiment  of  the  British 
Army." 

A.  F.  R. 

TAILOR  AND  POET. — Few  people  can  have 
described  themselves  legally  as  poet.  I 
think  it  therefore  worth  noting  in  '  N.  &  Q.' 
that  Daniel  Nelson,  born  in  Tralee,  describes 
himself  in  his  attestation  paper  as  a  recruit 
in  Major  Boyle  Roche's  Regiment,  20  Sep- 
tember, 1775,  as  "  Taylor  and  Poet " 
("Scotland  Letters  and  Papers,"  P.R.O., 
Second  Series,  bundle  45,  No.  171). 

J.  M.  BULLOCH. 
118,  Pall  Mall,  S.W. 

THOMAS  WOOLDRIDGE,  ALDERMAN  OF 
BRIDGE  WARD.  (See  MR.  BEAVEN'S  query, 
US.  ii.  27.) — Mr.  Wooldridge,  "once  an 
alderman  of  London,  and  possessed  of 
immense  property,"  is  mentioned  in  The 
London  Chronicle  for  26-29  Dec.,  1789, 
p.  622,  as  being  then  a  prisoner  for  debt  at 
Boston  in  New  England. 

DANIEL  HIPWEUL. 


n  s.  iv.  SEPT.  9,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


207 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


STRAWBERRY  HILL  :  '  DESCRIPTION  OF 
THE  VILLA,'  1774.  —  Among  the  publica- 
tions of  the  Strawberry  Hill  Press  in  the 
sale  catalogue  of  J.  W.  K.  Eyton,  London, 
1848,  is  this  item  :  — 

"1464.  Description  of  the  Villa.  Another 
edition  of  65  pages,  complete  ;  sewed,  uncut,  ib. 
[Strawberry  Hill],  4to,  1774. 

"  This  edition  is  stated  by  Kirgate  as  having  been 
printed  only  for  the  use  of  the  servants  in  showing 
the  house." 

Does  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  possess,  or 
know  of  the  existence  of,  this  or  a  similar 
copy  ?  If  so,  I  should  greatly  appreciate 
it  if  an  exact  description  and  collation  were 
forwarded  to  me,  care  of  the  Editor  of 
<  N.  &  Q.' 

Eyton  may  have  secured  this  copy  from 
Kirgate'  s  collection  through  the  collection 
of  R.  P.  Cruden.  Various  bibliographers 
of  the  Strawberry  Hill  publications  cite  this 
edition,  but  apparently  none  of  them  has 
seen  and  examined  it.  E.  P.  MERRITT. 

Boston,  U.S.A. 


MY  EYE  AND  BETTY  MARTIN."  -  In 

a  review  of  Mr.  Patterson's  '  Tillers  of  the 
Soil  '  in  Public  Opinion  for  27  January 
last,  p.  81,  col.  1,  I  read  the  following  quota- 
tion from  the  book  :  — 

"  '  They  tell  you,  as  a  nation,  we  can't  feed 
our  own  —  that  is,  in  meat  and  corn.  I  tell  you 
that's  all  my  eye  and  Betty  Martin.'  " 

Consulting  the  '  N.E.D.,'  I  found  sub 
*  Eye,'  sb.1,  2.  Phrases,  h,  "  Slang  or  vulgar. 
All  my  eye  ;  all  humbug,  '  stuff  and  non- 
sense '  "  ;  but  no  mention  is  made  of  "  Betty 
Martin  "  except  —  though  not  as  in  the  above 
quotation  from  Mr.  Patterson's  book  —  in 
one  or  two  quotations.  In  fact,  I  find  there 
the  following  variant  readings  :  — 

1768,  Goldsmith,  '  The  Good-natured  Man,' 
II.,  "  That's  all  my  eye." 

1782,  '  George  Bateman,'  II.  113,  "  That's 
all  my  eye,  and  my  elbow,  as  the  saying  is." 

1785,  Grose,  'Class.  Diet.  Vulg.  Tongue,'  s.v. 
'  Betty  Martin,'  "  That's  my  eye  betty  martin." 

1819,  Moore,  '  Tom  Crib's  Mem.  Congress,'  2, 
"  All  my  eye,  Betty." 

1811,  Poole,  '  Hamlet  Travestied,'  I.  i.,  "  As 
for  black  clothes,  —  that's  all  my  eye  and  Tommy." 

I  shall  feel  much  obliged  for  an  explana- 
tion of  the  origin  of  the  phrases  in  which 
"  Betty  Martin  "  and  "  Tommy  "  figure. 


Was  the  1782  quotation  the  original 
phrase  in  full,  or  was  it  an  attempt  to 
"  elbow  ' '  Betty  out  of  the  way  ?  ' '  Tommy ' ' 
would  seem  to  have  cropped  up  unexpectedly. 

J.  F.  BENSE. 

Arnhem,  the  Netherlands. 

[For  another  variant  see  8  S.  xi.  146,  512  ; 
xii.  298.] 

"  PUT  THAT  IN  YOUR  PIPE  AND  SMOKE  IT." 

—The  'N.E.D.'  gives  1884  for  this  rather 
vulgar  phrase.  It  is  certainly  much  earlier. 
The  Richmond  (Va.)  Enquirer,  7  Feb., 
1860,  p.  1/3,  has:  "Let  the  Tribune  put 
all  this  in  its  pipe  and  smoke  it."  The 
expression  is  undoubtedly  English.  Can 
some  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  produce  an  earlier 
instance  ?  RICHARD  H.  THORNTON. 

36,  Upper  Bedford  Place,  W.C. 

MACAULAY  ON  THE  WAR  OP  THE  SPANISH 
SUCCESSION. — In  this  essay  allusion  is  made 
to— 

1.  The  Lord  Keeper  who,   in   1593,   ad- 
dressed Parliament  on  the  power  of  Spain 
(p.  12,  Blackie's  edition). 

2.  "An  honest  Englishman"   who,  in  a 
memorial  to  Queen  Mary,  describes  the  dan- 
gerous nature  of  Spaniards  (p.  16). 

3.  A   poem   or   play   in   which   Calderon 
celebrates  Aranjuez  (p.  35). 

4.  A    "  German   captive   who,   when   the 
irons  which   he  had  worn  for   years  were 
knocked  off,  fell  prostrate  on  the  floor  of  his 
prison"  (p.  40). 

5.  "  An  ingenious  Tory  "  who   "  lately  " 
discovered  a  parallel  between  Archbishops 
Williams  and  Vernon  (p.  85). 

Can  any  of  your  learned  readers  enlighten 
one  remote  from  reference  libraries  about 
the  names  of  the  above  ?  SOLUS. 

RICHARD  CROMWELL  :  "  WHEN  DICK  THE 
FOURTH,"  &c. — In  a  copy  which  I  bought 
recently  of  '  The  Generall  Historie  of  the 
Turkes,'  by  Richard  Knolles,  3rd  ed.,  1621, 
are  the  following  lines,  written  in  faded  ink 
on  a  blank  page  : — 

When  Dick  the  fourth  began  to  raigne 

Hey  down  down  a  downe 
He  was  a  pretty  smugg  fac'd  swaine 

Downe,  downe  adowne. 
His  Father  he  a  Brewer  was 

His  mother,  a  milkmaid  woll  to  passe 
His  Uncle  a  Plowjogginge  Asse 

hey  downe,  downe  a  downe 
Hey  downe,  downe,  downe,  downe,  doxy. 
I   am  very  doubtful  about  my  reading  of 
"milkmaid    woll    to    passe "    and    "  Plow- 
jogginge Asse." 

Are  these  lines  in  print  in  any  book  ? 
Whoever  wrote  them  in  the  old  book  to 
which  I  refer  would  appear  to  have  set  some 


208 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  9, 1911. 


store  by  them,  as  the  first  two  lines  are 
written  again  at  the  foot  of  the  last  page  of 
the  index. 

On  the  said  blank  page  are  other  lines, 
e.g., 

Lets  not  repine  that  Men  and  names  doe  dye 
Since  stone  built  Cittyes  dead  &  ruin'd  lye. 
This  is  in  the  faded  brown  ink,  but  has  been 
rewritten  above  by,  I  think,  another  hand. 
ROBERT  PIEBPOINT. 

MARY  WOLLSTONECRAFT  :  MRS.  BROWN. 
—Mary  Wollstonecraft,  on  hearing  that  some 
friends  disapproved  of  her  action  in  abetting 
the  escape  of  her  sister,  Eliza  Bishop,  from 
a  drunken  husband,  writes  (January,  1784) 
to  her  other  sister  Everina  : — 

"I  knew  I  should  be  the  Mrs.  Brown— the 
shameful  incendiary— in  this  shocking  affair  of  a 
woman's  leaving  her  bedfellow." 

Is  the  Mrs.  Brown  here  mentioned  a 
fictitious  or  historical  character  ?  C.  J. 

CHAPLAINS  :  THEIR  STATUS.  —  By  the 
statute  of  21  Hen.  VIII.,  c.  13,  ss.  13-21, 
it  was  enacted  that  the  chaplain  of  a  noble- 
man, or  other  privileged  person,  might  hold 
two  benefices.  Sir  Robert  Phillimore  ( '  Book 
of  Church  Law  ')  says  that  this  Act  was  in 
great  measure  repealed  by  57  Geo  III 
c.  99,  and  that 

"1  and  2  Viet.  c.  106  repeals  this  statute  alto- 
gether, and  the  question  as  to  the  chaplains  of 
privileged  persons  would  now  seem  to  depend  on 
the  common  law  alone  :  and  it  is,  to  say  the  least 
uncertain  whether  the  peculiar  status  of  such 
chaplains  is  in  any  way  recognized  by  the  existing 

It  would  appear  that  the  qualification  for 
holding  two  benefices  was  not  necessary 
if  the  person  were  Doctor  or  Bachelor  of 
Divinity,  Doctor  of  Law,  or  Bachelor  of 
Canon.  Law  ;  otherwise  he  was  obliged  to 
nobleman  app°intment  as  chaplain  to  some 

Now  the  University  of  Oxford,  on  the 
authority  of  Dr.  Bliss,  quoted  in  Dean 
Burgoo  s  Lives  of  Twelve  Good  Men,'  had 
not  given  degrees  in  Canon  Law  for  cen- 
SSfi,  SJ?  ™nclude  that  a  point  was 
stretched  and  the  degree  of  Bachelor  in 
Civil  Law  allowed  to  stand  for  it.  I  well 
remember  when  I  was  an  undergradulte 
hearing  the  Vice-Principal  of  my  College 

k 


t    Dr.   Bliss  also  said   that     "  LL."   means 

nrtSS  KClnn   f1?    Canon— a   form   still 
preserved  by  Cambridge  and  Dublin  in  the 


degrees  LL.B.,  LL.D.,  Oxford  retaining  the 
terms  B.C.L.  and  D.C.L.,  though  these 
have  often  been  confused  by  writers. 

A  relative  of  my  own  was  appointed  in 
1831  to  a  benefice  to  be  held  under  bond  of 
resignation  with  his  own,  from  which  it 
was  nine  miles  distant,  his  qualification 
being  that  of  nobleman's  chaplain.  About 
a  year  after  resignation,  he  was  appointed 
to  it  again,  also  under  bond,  but  it  does  not 
appear  under  what  law,  the  chaplain's 
qualification,  as  I  understand  the  matter, 
having  been  repealed. 

The  dispensations  granted  by  the  Arch- 
bishop and  the  King  for  the  former  tenure 
are  in  my  possession.  I  should  like  infor- 
mation as  to  the  latter  case. 

The  status  of  domestic  chaplain — an 
office  which  I  myself  hold — is  now,  it  would 
seem,  purely  honorary.  E.  L.  H.  TEW. 

Upham  Rectory. 

"  THE  ROAD  TO  JERUSALEM,"  INN* 
SIGN. — There  is,  or  was  quite  lately,  an  inn 
with  this  sign  close  under  Nottingham 
Castle.  The  local  tradition  is  that  it  was  a 
pilgrimage  inn.  There  is  a  good  deal  about 
pilgrimage  inns  in  Messrs.  Maskell  and 
Gregory's  '  Old  Country  Inns,'  but  no  mention 
of  this  particular  hostelry  or  of  the  sign 
it  bears.  Is  the  local  tradition  correct  ? 

C.  C.  B. 

ANCIENT  METAL  Box. — A  small,  flat, 
circular  box  has  a  hinged  lid,  and  is  made  of 
bronze  or  some  similar  alloy.  It  is  almost 
exactly  the  size  of  a  modern  penny.  With 
its  lid  it  slightly  exceeds  the  thickness  of 
four  pennies  placed  one  on  another.  Both 
the  box  and  its  lid  are  very  shallow,  it 
being  difficult  to  distinguish  them.  Both 
are  adorned  with  a  roughly  drawn  cross 
formed  of  double  rows  of  impressed  dots, 
evidently  made  with  the  point  of  a  nail  or 
some  such  tool. 

The  box  was  found  in  the  grounds  of  an 
ancient  priory,  a  fact  which  confirms  the 
inference  as  to  its  use,  drawn  from  its  shape 
and  ornamentation,  namely,  that  it  was  a 
receptacle  for  conveying  the  Host  from  the 
altar  to  the  sick  and  infirm  in  the  neighbour- 
hood. Can  some  reader  say  whether  this 
supposition  is  correct  ? 

JOHN  T.  KEMP. 

T.  &  P.  GALLY,  PRINTSELLERS. — I  have 
some  old  prints  which  were  sold  by  T.  &  P. 
Gaily,  and  I  should  be  glad  to  know  when  the 
firm  flourished.  The  prints  are  of  a  very 
common  type,  yet  interesting,  and  appear 
to  be  among  the  earliest  coloured  ones  issued. 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  9,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


209 


Two  which  bear  their  name  are  entitled 
'  Charming  Florist '  and  '  Reaper  and  Shep- 
herdess.' Two  others,  which  do  not  bear 
their  name,  are  'The  Flower  of  Wales' 
and  '  Came  to  fulfil  all  Righteousness,' 
the  latter  being  a  crude  representation  of 
the  Nativity.  Three  are  about  seven  inches 
by  five ;  the  others  about  half  those 
measurements.  They  are  of  the  earliest 
kind  which  adorned  the  walls  of  cottages. 
THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 
Work  sop. 

LUNATICS  AND  PRIVATE  LUNATIC  ASY- 
LUMS.— I  wish  to  know  the  name  of  a  book 
(published  some  thirty  years  ago)  in  which 
a  full  exposure  was  given  of  the  way  in 
which  people  were  sent  into  private  lunatic 
asylums.  The  book  described  how,  for  the 
benefit  of  the  relations  of  the  so-called 
lunatic  and  for  the  benefit  of  the  keeper 
of  the  asylum,  men  and  women  were  suddenly 
deprived  of  their  liberty. 

THOMAS  HERBERT. 

13,  King  Street,  Brighton. 

[We  presume  our  correspondent  is  familiar  with 
Charles  Reade's  '  Hard  Cash,'  which  offers  some 
evidence  on  the  subject.] 

"  EVERY  IRISHMAN  HAS  A  POTATO  IN  HIS 
HEAD." — This  is  a  new  saying  to  me,  and, 
according  to  Augustus  Hare,  from  whose 
*  Guesses  at  Truth  '  I  have  taken  it,  it  means 
that  Irishmen  are  glib  and  eloquent.  Is 
the  saying  still  current  ? 

M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 
Percy  House,  South  Hackney. 

OLIVER  CROMWELL'S  WIFE  :  BOURCHIER 
FAMILY. — What  relation  was  Oliver  Crom- 
well's wife  to  the  old  Bourchiers,  who  were 
related  to  the  old  Cromwells,  1089-1450  ? 

A.  C.  H. 

"  SEVECHER."  —  In  1563  the  church- 
wardens of  Cirencester  presented  John 
Browne,  a  "  sevecher,"  for  some  offence. 
What  was  his  occupation  ? 

F.  S.  HOCKADAY. 
Highbury,  Lydney. 

BAKER  FAMILY  OF  SISSINGHURST. — Do 
any  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  know  where  the 
portraits  of  the  extinct  Baker  (baronet) 
family  of  Sissinghurst,  Cranbrook,  Kent, 
now  are  ?  I  understand  that  the  portrait 
of  Sir  John  Baker,  Kt.,  was  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood of  Ipswich  about  100  years  ago  : 
he  was  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer  to 
Henry  VIII.  and  Queen  Mary.  I  should  be 
grateful  for  any  information. 

C.  T.  BAKER. 


AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED.  — - 
Can  any  one  give  me  the  source  of  the 
following  quotation  ? 

Al  tuo  martirio  cupida  e  feroce 

Questa  turba  cui  parli  accorrera  ; 

Ti  vertammo  a  veder  sulla  tua  croce 

Tutti,  e  nessuno  ti  compiagnera. 

STUART  MASON. 

Who  is  the  author  of  the  following  beautiful 
lines  ? 
When  life  as  on  an  evil  dream  looks  down  upon 

its  wars, 
And  the  white  light  of  Christ  outsprings  from 

the  red.  disc  of  Mars, 
His  fame  which  led  the  stormy  van  of  victory, 

well  may  cease, 
But  never  that  which  crowned  the  man  whose 

victory  was  peace. 

-  They  were  quoted,  at  a  dinner  given  by  the 
Lord  Mayor  at  the  Mansion  House  to  the 
foreign  ambassadors,  by  Mr.  Russell  Lowell,, 
who  at  the  time  was  American  Ambassador 
to  this  country.  W.  GRACE. 

ST.  ESPRIT. — At  Marton,  near  Leaming- 
ton, the  parish  church  is  dedicated  to  this 
saint.  Can  any  reader  tell  me  anything 
a,bout  him,  and  also  if  other  churches  in 
England  are  dedicated  to  this  saint  ? 

M.  L.  D. 
[St.  Esprit=the  Holy  Spirit  ?] 

EDWARD  LISTER  :  THOMAS  LYSTER. — 
Can  any  one  give  me  the  authority  for,  or  a 
proof  of  the  correctness  of,  the  statement 
in  the  '  Dictionary  of  National  Biography ' 
that  Edward  Lister,  whose  biography  is 
given  there,  was  "  elder  brother  of  Sir 
Matthew,"  son  of  William  Lister  of  Thorn- 
ton ? 

I  also  desire  information  regarding 
"  Thomas  Lyster,  Philomath,"  of  whom, 
'*  ^tat.  sure  63,  A.D.  1698,"  there  is  an 
engraved  portrait  by  R.  White. 

(Rev.)    H.  L.  L.  DENNY. 

Holy  Trinity,  Sloane  Street,  S.W. 

THYNNES  OF  LONGLEAT  AND  SIR  W. 
COVERT. — Can  any  of  your  readers  inform 
me  if  there  was  any  connexion  between  the 
Thynnes  of  Longleat  and  Sir  Walter  and 
Lady  Covert  circa  1630  ? 

FREDERIC  TURNER. 

JEW  AND  JEWSON  SURNAMES. — What  is 
the  origin  of  these  surnames  ?  About  what 
period  are  they  first  met  with  ?  Are 
members  of  these  families  descendants  of 
Jews  who  perhaps  remained  here  after  the 
Expulsion  in  1290  ?  In  Oxford  there  is  a 
dealer  in  antiquities  named  Tyler  Jew.  He 
is  unacquainted  with  the  origin  of  his 
name.  ISRAEL  SOLOMONS. 


210 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       m  s.  iv.  SEPT.  9,  MIL 


CHARLES  ELSTOB,  son  of  the  Rev.  Charles 
Elstob,  D.D.,  Prebendary  of  Canterbury, 
was  admitted  to  St.  John's  College,  Cam- 
bridge, 22  May,  1714,  aged  16.  Who  was 
his  mother  ?  When  did  he  die  ? 

G.  F.  R,  B. 

ABRAHAM  ELTHAM  was  admitted  to  West- 
minster School  in  March,  1717/18,  aged 
11.  I  should  be  glad  to  obtain  any  infor- 
mation about  him.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

GEORGE  ENGLAND  was  admitted  to  West- 
minster School  in  April,  1719,  aged  12. 
Particulars  of  his  parentage  and  career  are 
desired.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

THE  REV.  —  —  ILIFF  is  described  as  one  of 
the  Masters  of  Westminster  School  by 
G.  E.  C.  in  his  '  Complete  Peerage  '  (iii.  248, 
v.  34)  under  '  Egremont '  and  '  Leconfield.' 
I  should  be  glad  to  learn  his  Christian  name 
and  how  long  he  was  an  assistant  master 
there.  Whom  did  he  marry  ?  and  when 
did  he  die  ?  G.  F.  R.  B. 

GEORGE  IRELAND  graduated  B.A.  at 
Oxford  from  Exeter  College  3  February, 
1736/7.  I  should  be  glad  to  ascertain  the 
date  of  his  death  and  any  further  particulars 
of  his  career.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

IVATT. — William  Ivatt  was  admitted 
to  Westminster  School  in  April,  1719, 
aged  8  ;  and  Richard  Ivatt  in  September, 
1728,  aged  8.  I  should  be  glad  to  learn 
particulars  of  their  parentage  and  careers. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

GORDON  HOUSE,  SCUTARI. — Dr.  Douglas 
Arthur  Reid,  formerly  assistant  surgeon  of  the 
90th  Light  Infantry,  in  his  '  Memories  of  the 
Crimean  War  '  says  (p.  86)  that  in  August, 
1855,  he  was  sent  to  Gordon  House,  "  a 
Turkish  house  attached  to  the  Hospital  " 
at  Scutari.  Why  was  it  called  Gordon 
House  ?— after  Sir  John  William  Gordon 
R.E.,  of  Gordon's  Battery  ? 

118,  Pal.  Mall,  S.W.  «T' «- BU1LOCH. 

MOYLE  BOOK-PLATE.— Are  there  any  book- 
plates (armorial)  of  this  family  extant  ? 
The  arms  are  Gules,  a  mule  passant  argent 
Lhere  is  no  example  in  the  British  Museum 
collection.  ARTHUR  STEPHENS  DYER 

207,  Kingston  Road,  Teddington. 

LEMAN  STREET,  E.— I  should  be  pleased 
if  any  one  could  inform  me  of  the  pronun- 
ciation and  of  the  origin  of  the  name  of  this 
street.  Is  it  called  after  Sir  John  Leman 
who  was  Lord  Mayor  of  London  in  1616  ? 

T.  s! 


MASONIC   DRINKING -MUG: 
FROG  OR  TOAD  MUGS. 

(11  S.  iv.  168.) 

QUEEN'S  COLLEGE,  OXFORD,  has  a  mug  of 
the  same  capacity  as  that  described  by  MR. 
C.  S.  BURDON,  with  a  brown  frog  (or  perhaps 
toad)  attached  inside.  The  outside  is, 
however,  decorated  not  with  Masonic  em- 
blems, but  with  a  picture  inscribed  : — 

"  An  East  View  of  the  iron  Bridge  over  the 
Wear  near  Sunderland.     Foundation  Stone  laid 
by  R.  Burdon,  M.P.  Sep*.  24th  93 
Height  200  f    t  „ 
Span    236  " 

The  picture  is  signed  "  Edwd  Barker." 
Below,  and  outside  the  fringe  which  frames 
the  picture  at  the  bottom,  is  on  either  side 
"Cast  Iron  214  tons,"  "Wrought  do. 
46  Tons,"  and  in  the  middle  "  Vix  Desper- 
andus  in  Auspice  Deo." 

William  Owen,  a  former  butler  of  the 
College,  has  inscribed  on  a  paper  attached  to 
the  bottom  of  the  mug  : — 

"  '  The  Wear  Pottery,'  at  South  wick,  nr 
Sunderland,  established  by  Messrs.  Brunton  & 
Co.,  succeeded  by  Messrs.  Moore  &  Co.  See 
Chaffers,  p.  589. 

"  On  another  of  these  mugs  is  inscribed  : — 
Though  malt  and  venom  seem  united, 
Don't  break  my  pot  or  be  affrighted." 

The  pot  was  formerly  used  by  the  Taber- 
dars  of  the  College  when  entertaining  their 
friends  at  their  supper  on  Christmas  Eve. 
It  was  filled  with  beer,  and  as  the  drinker 
gradually  emptied  the  vessel,  the  liquor 
gurgled  round  the  toad's  body.  When  he 
looked  into  the  mug  for  the  cause,  he 
saw  the  toad's  eyes  glistening  out  of  the 
fluid.  The  supper  was  discontinued  shortly 
after  1861. 

More  than  one  Burdon  has  been  a  member 
of  the  College.  John,  whom  I  knew,  was 
Michel  Fellow  from  1834  to  1845,  and  Rector 
of  English  Bicknor,  then  in  the  gift  of  the 
College,  from  1844  to  1877. 

JOHN  R.  MAGRATH. 

An  interesting  and  well-illustrated  article 
on  these  Sunderland  frog  mugs  and  jugs  will 
be  found  in  The  Connoisseur,  vol.  ix.  p.  94. 
Several  firms  who  made  them  are  named, 
and  among  them  Messrs.  Phillips,  who  had 
potteries  near  Sunderland  at  the  commence- 
ment of  the  last  century,  and  at  Hylton  on 
Tyne  in  1817.  The  Wear  Bridge,  which 
appears  on  many  of  them,  was  begun  in 
1793  (when  the  foundation  stone  was  laid 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  9.  i9ii.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


211 


by  Mr.  Burden,  M.P.),  and  completed 
in  1796.  Frog  mugs  were  made  to  com 
memorate  both  events,  and  others  exis 
bearing  dates  up  to  1813.  They  were  after 
wards  copied  by  the  Staffordshire  potters 
but  Messrs.  Phillips'  name  gives  the  approxi- 
mate date  of  the  mug  referred  to  by  MR.  C.  S 
BURDON.  ALAN  STEWART. 

The  mug  seen  by  MR.  BURDON  is  evidently 
a  Sunderland  "  toad  mug."  If  MR.  BURDON 
wrote  to  Mr.  P.  W.  Bull  at  the  House  of 
Commons,  that  gentleman  would  probably 
supply  him  with  valuable  information  from 
his  fund  of  knowledge.  Q. 

A  Masonic  drinking-mug  with  a  toad  inside 
may  be  something  rare,  but  there  are  many 
"  toad-mugs "    without    Masonic    emblems 
outside.     Many    are    of    Wear-side    make, 
and  are  known  as  "  Sunderland  toad  mugs.' 
I  have  a  mug  which  shows  the  bridge,  anc 
part  of  pottery  works,  at  which,  no   doubt 
the  mugs  were  made.        THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 


FRENCH  COIN  :  REPUBLIC  AND  EMPIRE 
(11  S.  iv.  149).— The  inscription  NAPOLEON 

EMPEREUR  REPUBLIQUE       FRANQAISE        OH 

French  coins  is  well  known,  not  only  to 
numismatists,  but  also  to  people  who  have 
resided  in  France.  In  the  Introduction  to 
'  France  '  I  wrote  in  1898  : — 

"Amateurs  of  the  diversified  French  coinage 
of  the  nineteenth  century  are  familiar  with  a  series 
of  gold  pieces  of  great  beauty,  struck  when  it  was 
young,  the  oldest  bearing  the  revolutionary 
date  An  XII,  and  the  most  modern  that  of  four 
years  later,  1808.  They  are  still  in  circulation. 
Their  unworn  outlines  tell  of  ninety  years' 
hoarding,  and  betoken  the  national  virtue  of 
thrift ....  The  image  and  superscription  are  worthy 
of  note,  not  merely  for  their  preservation  of 
Caesar's  finely  cut  profile,  but  because  on  their 
face  is  engraved  '  Napoleon  Empereur  '  and  on 

the     reverse     '  Republique     Frangaise.' The 

legend  on  these  coins,  with  all  its  inconsistency, 
seems  to  indicate  the  form  of  government  which 
France  needs,"  &c. 

In  addition  to  silver  coins,  such  as  that 
described  by  MAJOR  WILLCOCK,  I  possess 
a  number  of  gold  pieces  (of  twenty  francs) 
of  the  early  Napoleonic  period,  gathered 
in  the  everyday  exchange  of  French  cur- 
rency. Among  them  are  two  bearing  the 
revolutionary  date  "An  12  "  (September, 
1803-September,  1804).  The  head  is  almost 
identical  on  each,  the  first  being  inscribed 
on  the  obverse  BONAPARTE  PREMIER  CONSUL, 
the  other  NAPOLEON  EMPEREUR,  and  each 
on  the  reverse  REPUBLIQUE  FRANCHISE  : 
AN  12,  both  reverses  being  apparently 
struck  from  the  same  die.  The  next  in  the 


series  bears  a  more  finely  cut  profile  of  Napo- 
leon, with  shorter  hair,  with  the  inscrip- 
tion on  one  side  NAPOLEON  EMPEREUR,  and 
on  the  other  REPUBLIQUE  FRAN£AISE  :  AN  13 
— the  design  of  the  reverse  being  different 
from  that  of  An  12.  Another,  with  the 
head  laurel-crowned,  is  inscribed  NAPOLEON 

EMPEREUR      and      REPUBLIQUE      FRANQAISE  : 

1807 — the  Revolutionary  Calendar  having 
been  abolished  at  the  end  of  1805,  nineteen 
months  after  the  proclamation  of  the  Empire. 
Another,  otherwise  almost  identical,  bears 
the  date  1808. 

The  first  of  the  Napoleonic  coins,  in 
my  incomplete  collection,  inscribed  EMPIRE 
FRANCAIS,  is  dated  1810 — a  laurel-crowned 
head  by  the  same  engraver  as  those  of  1807 
and  1808.  An  interesting  piece  of  the  latter 
date  is  inscribed,  around  a  completely 
different  head,  NAPOLEONE  IMPERATORE 
E  RE  1808,  and  on  the  other  side  not  the 
Republic,  still  recognized  on  the  French 
coinage,  but  REGNO  D'ITALIA  :  20  LIRE. 

Of  44  years  later  I  have  a  twenty-franc 
piece  inscribed  on  the  obverse  LOUIS 
NAPOLEON  BONAPARTE,  and  on  the  reverse 
REPUBLIQUE  FRANgAiSE  :  1852 — the  year  in 
which  the  Second  Republic  came  to  an  end 
in  name  as  well  as  in  reality.  On  the  first 
coins  struck  after  Louis  Bonaparte  proclaimed 
himself  Emperor,  he  had  NAPOLEON  m. 
EMPEREUR  stamped  on  the  obverse,  and 
REPUBLIQUE  FRANCAisE  on  the  reverse,  after 
the  manner  of  his  uncle.  But  this  issue  was 
small,  and  specimens  of  it  are  rare,  though 
provincial  notaries  sometimes  get  them, 
extracted  from  the  bas  de  laine  of  the  French 
peasantry.  J.  E.  C.  BODLEY. 

Among  a  good  many  five-franc  pieces 
I  have  one  with  NAPOLEON  EMPEREUR  on 
the  obverse,  and  REPUBLIQUE  FRANCAISE 
on  the  reverse,  as  given  by  MAJOR  WILLCOCK  ; 
but  its  date  is  1808.  The  date  of  his  ex- 
ample is  AN  13,  which  equals  23  September, 
1804 — 22  September,  1805.  It  is  therefore 
evident  that  the  contradictory  inscriptions 
asted  for  some  years. 

I  have  also  a  five-franc  piece  dated  AN  12, 
:he  last  year  of  the  Republic  and  the  first 
of  the  Empire  (28  May,  1804),  bearing  the 
nscriptions  BONAPARTE  PREMIER  CONSUL 

and  REPUBLIQUE  FRAN9AISE. 

According  to  one   (dated   1889)   of  those 
money-sheets    published    in    France    giving 
-^presentations   (poorly  drawn)  of  coins  to 
>e  refused  and  of  those  to  be  accepted,  there 
were    two    five-franc   pieces    dated   AN    12, 
he  one  bearing  NAPOLEON  PREMIER  CONSUL, 
he  other  NAPOLEON  EMPEREUR,  each  having 


212 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [IIS.IV.SBPT.  9,1911. 


REPUBLIQTJE  FRAN9AISE  on  the  reverse. 
The  said  sheet  also  gives  a  five-franc  piece 
dated  1811,  with  NAPOLEON  EMPEREUR  on 
the  one  side,  and  EMPIRE  FRAN£AIS  on  the 
other. 

If  this  money-sheet  is  to  be  trusted,  the 
gradual  change  was  : — 

1.  "  Bonaparte  Premier  Consul." 

2.  "  Napoleon  Premier  Consul,"  both  in 
An  12. 

3.  "  Napoleon  Empereur,"  An  13  and  1808, 
all  with  "  Republique  Francaise." 

4.  After     about     three     or     four     years, 
"  Napoleon      Empereur "      and      "  Empire 
Fran9ais." 

I  notice  that  MAJOR  WILLCOCK  gives  the 
date  of  his  piece  as  AN  13.  0.  I  doubt 
whether  the  "  0  "  has  anything  to  do  with 
the  date.  On  the  earliest  of  the  coins  to 
which  I  am  referring  is,  at  the  foot  of  the 
reverse,  AN  12.  .L.  (there  being  nearly  a 
quarter  of  an  inch  between  the  stop  follow- 
ing 12  and  that  preceding  L.).  On  that 
dated  1808  there  is  a  stop  after  the  date,  and 
after  nearly  a  quarter  of  an  inch  the  letter  A 
without  stops.  Further,  on  a  five-franc 
piece  of  Louis  XVIII.  I  find  1814  Q — space 
as  above,  no  stops.  In  each  case  the  letter 
is  balanced  on  the  other  side  of  the  date 
by  a  device  :  in  the  first  a  flower,  in  the 
second  a  cock,  in  the  third  something  which 
I  cannot  make  out.  Where  the  letter  has  a 
stop  on  each  side,  so  has  the  device  ;  if  the 
letter  has  none,  the  device  has  none. 

The  head  of  Bonaparte  First  Consul  is,  in 
my  opinion,  much  superior  to  that  of 
Napoleon  Emperor  of  the  Republic.  The 
former  has,  of  course,  no  wreath  ;  the  latter 
has.  The  former  is  like,  but  is  not  the  same 
as  that  of  NAPOLEONE  IMPERATORE  E  RE  on 
the  Italian  five-franc  pieces. 

The  absence  of  the  wreath  in  half-francs, 
francs,  and  (I  think)  two-franc  pieces  of 
Napoleon  III.  has  for  several  years  made 
many  coins  not  current.  The  five-franc 
pieces  of  Napoleon  III.  without  the  wreath 
are,  I  think,  still  current.  In  fact,  I  believe 
that  all  five-franc  pieces  coined  in  France 
from  the  time  of  the  First  Republic  till 
to-day  are  good.  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

CARACCIOLO  FAMILY  (11  S.  iv.  69,  136, 
173). — This  illustrious  Neapolitan  family 
was  first  admitted  into  the  Libro  d'Oro  of 
the . '  Almanach  de  Gotha  '  in  1909,  and  in 
the  issue  for  that  year  will  be  found,  under 
the  heading  '  Aveliino,'  pp.  264-9,  a  short 
account  of  the  family  and  a  sketch  pedigree 
commencing  with  Domizio  Caracciolo  Rosso, 
who  was  created  Dukejjrf  Atripalda  by 


King  Philip  II.  of  Spain  in  1572.  His  son 
Marino,  the  second  duke,  was  created  Prince 
of  Aveliino  by  the  same  king  in  1589.  His 
descendant  Marino  Francesco,  the  fifth 
prince  and  sixth  duke,  was  ambassador 
from  the  Emperor  Charles  VI.  to  the  Holy 
See,  and  was  created  a  Grandee  of  Spain  in 
1708,  and  a  Prince  of  the  Holy  Roman 
Empire,  with  the  qualification  of  "  Celsis- 
simus"  and  of  "Cher  et  bien-aime  Cousin" 
and  the  right  of  striking  money,  in  1715. 
The  present  holder  of  these  dignities  is 
Francesco,  thirteenth  Prince  of  Aveliino 
and  fourteenth  Duke  of  Atripalda,  born  in 
1860,  who  succeeded  in  1901  his  father 
Marino,  mentioned  by  MR.  ROBERT  PIER- 
POINT  at  the  last  reference. 

The  family  is  descended  from  a  feudal 
house  in  Southern  Italy,  which  since  the 
twelfth  century  has  thrown  out  several 
branches.  Many  of  these  are  extinct,  and 
among  those  still  existing  the  principal  are 
those  of  Aveliino  and  of  the  Princes  of  Tor- 
chiarolo,  who  are  descended  from  a  younger 
son  of  the  above-mentioned  Prince"  Marino 
Francesco.  This  branch  is  very  widely 
extended,  and  many  of  its  members  seem 
to  have  intermarried  with  plebeian  families. 

The  Dukedom  of  S.  Arpino  seems  to  have 
been  originally  a  Spanish  dignity.  Ambrogio, 
the  third  Prince  of  Torchiarolo  (1755-1818), 
and  great-grandfather  of  the  present  Prince, 
married  in  1775  Maria  Teresa  Sanchez 
de  Luna,  daughter  of  the  Duque  de  S. 
Arpino  (1750-1842).  W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 

MR.  PIERPOINT  confirms  my  statement 
precisely  in  giving  Settanni  as  the  surname 
of  the  Emilia,  who  married,  4  March,  1876, 
Giovanni,  brother  of  Prince  Giuseppe  Carac- 
ciolo. Her  humble  origin  will  explain  the 
silence  of  the  '  Annuario  '  on  her  birth  and 
parentage. 

She  was  a  bella  bionda  of  a  type  greatly 
admired  by  Italians  from  its  rarity.  Her 
only  sister  married  a  well-known  English 
painter  about  1870. 

Capri  peasant-girls  frequently  attracted 
foreign  artists  and  others  by  their  classic 
features,  and  a  descendant  of  one  now  sits  in 
our  House  of  Peers. 

WILLIAM  MERCER. 

SIR  THOMAS  MIDDLETON  (US.  iv.  169). 
—He  was  of  Stanstead  Montfichet,  Essex, 
son  and  heir  of  Thomas  Middleton  of  the 
same  place  by  Constance,  daughter  of 
Thomas  Bromefield,  Alderman  of  London. 
He  was  baptized  at  St.  Antholin's,  London, 
21  April,  1654  ;  knighted  at  Whitehall 
14  December,  1675  ;  M.P.  for  Harwich 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  9,  i9ii.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


213 


1679-81,  1681,  1689-90,  1690-95,  1695-8, 
and  February,  1699,  to  1700  ;  and  nominated 
Sheriff  of  Essex  8  November,  1688,  but 
declined  to  serve.  He  died  11  June,  1702  ; 
buried  at  Stanstead  Montfichet.  Will  dated 
16  July,  1694  ;  proved  30  July,  1702,  by 
son  Thomas.  By  his  wife  Mary,  daughter 
and  heiress  of  Sir  Stephen  Langham  of 
Quinton,  Northants,  he  had  two  sons  and 
three  daughters,  of  whom  his  second  daugh- 
ter Constance  (born  28  December,  1682) 
married  (1)  in  1703  Sir  Roger  Burgoyne, 
fourth  Baronet  of  Sutton,  Beds  ;  (2) 
Christopher  Wren,  Esq.,  of  Wroxall,  War- 
wick, who  died  24  August,  1747. 

W.  D.  PINK. 

JOHN  NIANDSEB  (11  S.  iv.  169).  — 
Ninezergh  is  a  farmhouse  on  the  left  bank 
of  the  river  Kent,  half  a  mile  south-west 
of  L  evens  Hall,  in  the  parish  of  Heversham, 
Westmorland.  Thomas  de  Niandesherye  or 
Niansahe  attests  local  charters  in  1317  and 
other  near  years.  By  deed  dated  at  Nyand- 
serghe  on  Sunday  next  after  All  Saints', 
24  Edward  III.  (1350),  John  de  Nyandsergh 
gave  to  Sir  Matthew  de  Redemane,  Kt.,  his 
lands,  tenements,  meadows,  and  wastes  of 
Nyandsergh,  within  the  town  of  Levenes, 
with  warranty  (Reg.  of  deeds  at  Levens  Hall, 
fol.  67  d).  An  indult  was  granted  to  Peter 
de  Nyenzer  of  Lund-on- the- Wolds  in  1397 
(Papal  Reg.,  v.  118).  William  Nyander  is 
named  in  the  will  of  Sir  Thomas  Strickland, 
Kt.,  made  in  1430  (Scott,  '  The  Stricklands 
of  Sizergh,'  62).  Thomas  Nyanser  was  a 
feoffee  named  in  a  Harington  deed  in  1462 
('  Cal.  of  the  Patent  Rolls,  1467-77,'  p.  456). 

John  Niandesergh  of  Niandesergh, 
Westmorland,  "  squyer,"  suffered  forfeiture 
of  his  estates  not  only  for  the  death  of  John 
Tybbay,  as  related  in  the  query,  but  also 
for  the  death  of  William  Gerard  of  Burton- 
in-Kendal  (ibid.,  1413-16,  pp.  219,  251  ; 
Cal.  Inquis.  ad  quod  Damnum,  369  6). 
He  was  described  as  of  co.  Nottingham  in 
respect  of  the  manor  of  Langar,  which  was 
of  the  inheritance  of  Margaret  his  wife, 
daughter  and  coheir  of  Robert  Tibetot,  and 
widow  of  Roger,  Lord  Scrope  of  Bolton 
(Thoroton's' Nottinghamshire,'  ed.  Throsby, 
i.  204).  The  will  of  Nicholas  Nyandezer 
of  the  parish  of  St.  Frith,  London,  was 
proved  in  1496  (P.C.C.  Wills,  28  Vox). 

It  would  be  interesting  to  know  how  it 
was  that  a  Westmorland  yeoman  of  small 
estate  obtained  in  marriage  the  widow  of 
Lord  Scrope  of  Bolton.  Was  it  in  reward 
for  services  rendered  in  the  French  wars  ? 

W.  FARRER. 

Hall  Garth,  Carnforth. 


THIRTEENTH  (US.  iv.  167). — A  subsidy 
from  laymen  of  a  thirteenth  of  their  annual 
rents  and  movable  chattels  was  granted  to 
King  John  on  9  February,  1206/7.  Elabo- 
rate instructions  were  given  for  the  collecting 
of  this  tax.  Any  one  convicted  of  frau- 
dulently removing  his  goods,  or  appraising 
them  below  their  value,  was  to  forfeit  the 
whole  and  his  body  to  be  committed  to 
prison. 

The  sum  paid  in  the  county  of  Lancaster 
for  fifteenths  in  1226  amounted  to  553Z. 

SIB  JAMES  MTJBBAY  will  find  some  inter- 
esting details  about  this  in  vol.  xxvii.  pp. 
1,  6,  7,  148,  158,  of  the  Lancashire  and 
Cheshire  Record  Society. 

HENBY  FISHWICK. 

The  earliest  instance  of  the  payment  of 
a  thirteenth  which  I  can  find  was  in  1207, 
when  an  "  assisa  de  terciodecimo "  was 
levied  on  the  movable  property  of  laymen  for 
the  defence  of  the  kingdom.  See  Patent 
Roll  8  John,  M.  3  dorso,  quoted  in  '  Lan- 
cashire Lay  Subsidies '  (Record  Society, 
vol.  xxvii.),  pp.  35-6.  The  author  (the  late 
J.  A.  C.  Vincent)  attempted  a  general 
survey  of  the  taxation  of  England  down  to 
the  end  of  the  reign  of  Edward  I.  The 
volume  is  a  mine  of  information  as  to 
fifths,  sevenths,  ninths,  fifteenths,  twentieths, 
and  fortieths,  and  other  kinds  of  taxation. 

R.   S.  B. 

BAGSTOB  SURNAME  (US.  iv.  170).— The 
suffix  -stor  is  merely  an  arbitrary  variant 
of  -ster.  Perhaps  it  was  suggested  by  the 
Devonshire  Tors,  with  which  it  may  have 
been  mistakenly  connected.  Certainly  the 
original  form  was  the  A.-S.  bcecestre  ;  whence 
the  Mid.  Eng.  bakestere,  baxstere,  baxtere. 
more  corruptly  bagstere,  later  bagster,  latest 
bagstor.  The  suffix  -ster  is  the  A.-S.  double 
suffix  -es-tre,  as  in  spin-ster. 

WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

SWEETAPPLE       SUBNAME  :          SWEETAPPLE 

COURT  (11  S.  iii.  66,  134,  213,  293).— Much 
information  on  members  of  the  Sweetapple 
family  has  already  been  supplied  at  the  above 
references  by  correspondents  of  N.  &  (J. 
I  shall  be  glad  to  learn  whether  Sweetapple 
Court  in  London  once  belonged  to  Sir  John 
Sweetapple  or  was  named  after  him. 

I  should  also  be  grateful  for  any  further 
facts  bearing  on  our  pedigree.  Our  crest  is  : 
on  a  mural  coronet  argent  a  plain  cross 
gules.  Motto  :  "  Crux  nostra  corona. 

H.  ALGAB  SWEETAPPLE,  M.D. 

Parkside,  Adelaide,  South  Australia. 


214 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        rn  s.  iv.  SEPT.  9, 1911, 


HENRY  WATKINS,  M.P.  (US.  iv.  170).— 
H.  Watkins,  who  was  M.P.  for  Brackley  for 
a  few  months  in  1714  (obtaining  the  seat  on 
petition  after  being  defeated  at  the  general 
election  of  1713),  died  25  March,  1727, 
aged  61.  ALFRED  B.  BEAVEN. 

Leamington. 

STOCKINGS,  BLACK  AND  COLOURED  ( 1 1  S.  iv. 
166). — In  one  of  Hawthorne's  '  Twice-Told 
Tales  '  ('  Sunday  at  Home,'  I  believe,  the 
date  of  which  is  1837)  there  is  an  allusion 
to  ladies'  white  stockings.  The  essayist 
is  sitting  at  his  window  on  a  rainy  Sunday 
morning,  watching  the  churchgoers  as  they 
pass.  The  ladies  hold  up  their  skirts  out  of 
the  wet,  and  display  a  good  deal  of  stock- 
ing. Hawthorne  notices  that  white 
stockings  are  more  effective  than  dark  ones  ; 
and  he  adds  quaintly:  "It  is  curious  that 
this  should  strike  me,  but  it  does  " — or  words 
to  that  effect.  Are  we  to  conclude  that  white 
stockings  were  then  coming  into  vogue  ? 
Certainly  they  were  not  going  out,  in  the  old 
country  at  any  rate,  for  I  remember  them 
as  being  almost  universally  worn  quite 
twenty  years  later.  C.  C.  B. 

Miss  Miggs  displayed  "  more  black  cotton 
stocking  than  is  commonly  seen  in  public  " 
('Barnaby  Rudge,'  chap.  Ixxx.).  I  cannot 
recollect  that  my  mother,  who  was  born  in 
1824,  ever  wore  any  but  white  stockings. 

W.  C.  B. 

About  1850  children  and  women  for  the 
most  part  wore  stockings  of  white  material, 
which  was  made  on  rotary  machines, 
then  cut  into  pieces  of  certain  lengths,  and 
further  cut  to  form  the  foot  portion.  Ser- 
vants as  a  rule  wore  black  stockings,  knitted, 
until  a  new  kind  were  made  known,  as  "Bra- 
ganza,"  and  most  of  them  were  "ribbed" 
on  the  machines.  The  hand  framework 
knitters  were  up  to  this  at  their  best,  but  the 
rapid  rate  of  production  on  the  rotary 
machines  soon  displaced  them. 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

I  remember  reading  in  a  newspaper 
(name  and  date  forgotten)  that  the  present 
fashion  of  black  stockings  was  brought  in 
by  Yvette  Guilbert,  J.  P.  STILWELL. 

^  Despite  the  fact  that  Hone  compares 
"  women's  blacks"  with  "white  cottons," 
I  am  persuaded  the  former  designation  is  an 
error  for  "women's  slacks,"  which  answer 
to  the  description  in  every  particular. 
Thirty  years  ago  a  few  were  always  kept 
in  stock  at  the  country  shop  where  I  then 


was,  and  I  daresay  they  may  yet  be  met 
with  in  out-of-the-way  country  districts, 
although  townspeople  know  them  not,  nor 
their  name.  E.  G.  B. 

GYP'S  '  PETIT  BOB  '  :  "  ROBE  EN  TOILE 
1  VOILE"  (11  S.  iv.  170).— Toile  a  voile 
is  what  we  English  call  canvas,  and  that 
'  The  Concise  Oxford  Dictionary '  defines 
as  "  strong  unbleached  cloth  of  hemp  or 
flax  for  sails,  tents,  painting  on."  Its 
very  name  denotes  its  "  cannabaceous " 
nature,  but  manufacturers  have  included 
under  the  same  term  a  kind  of  loosely  woven 
stuff,  which  I  cannot  attempt  to  describe, 
that  is  capable  of  consisting  of  cotton, 
wool,  silk,  and  other  materials.  It  is  sur- 
prising that  the  '  C.O.D.'  makes  no  mention 
of  the  holey  fabric  known  as  canvas,  used 
by  workers  of  tent-  and  cross-stitch  in  Berlin 
wools. 

I.  agree  with  MR.  G.  H.  WHITE  that  English 
boys  of  eight  did  not  wear  frocks  in  1882, 
unless  the  name  were  applied  to  smocks 
or  overalls  to  protect  their  better  garments 
when  they  were  at  play.  These  are  still 
donned,  and  contribute  to  the  peace  of 
mind  of  all  concerned.  '  The  Drapers'  Dic- 
tionary '  has  a  helpful  notice  of  canvas  : — 

"  It  was  once  used  for  outer  clothing.     '  Striped 
canvas  for  doublets  '  (Dekker). 
Look  you,  Francis,  your  white  doublet  will  sully. 
'  King   Henry    IV.,'    Pt.    I." 

I  should  suppose  that  little  Bob's  upper 
garment  was  of  some  kind  of  strong  linen. 
Perhaps  it  was  what  I  have  heard  referred 
to  as  a  "  tunic."  ST.  SWITHIN. 

CAPT.  DRAYSON'S  '  THIRD  MOTION  OF  THE 
EARTH'  (11  S.  iv.  168). —The  following 
notice  appearing  under  Science  in  the  List 
of  New  Books  in  The  Athenceum  of  29  August 
may  perhaps  be  of  interest  to  MAJOR  LESLIE  : 

"  Draysonia  :  being  an  Attempt  to  Explain 
and  Popularise  the  System  of  the  Second  Rotation 
of  the  Earth,  as  Discovered  by  the  late  Major- 
General  A.  W.  Drayson.  Also  giving  the  Probable 
Date  and  Duration  of  the  Last  Glacial  Period, 
and  furnishing  General  Drayson's  Data,  from 
which  any  Person  of  ordinary  Mathematical 
Ability  is  enabled  to  Calculate  the  Obliquity  of 
the  Ecliptic,  the  Precession  of  the  Equinoxes, 
and  the  Bight  Ascension  and  Declination  of  the 
Fixed  Stars  for  any  Year,  Past,  Present,  or  Future, 
by  Admiral  Sir  Algernon  F.  R.  de  Horsey,  3/6  net." 

MAJOR  LESLIE  has  presumably  consulted  the 
catalogues  of  the  libraries  at  the  Royal 
Military  Academy,  Woolwich  ;  Royal  Artil- 
lery Institution  ;  Royal  Engineers'  Institute, 
Chatham  ;  and  Royal  United  Service  Insti- 
tution. T.  T.  V. 


us. iv. SEPT.  9,  mi.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


215 


CARDINAL  ALLEN  (11  S.  iv.  30,  78,  116). — 
The  following  are  copies  (made  for  me 
recently)  of  the  inscriptions  on  the  monu- 
ment of  Cardinal  Allen  in  Rome : — 

GVILELMO   ALANO    LANCASTRIENSI   S.B.E. 
PBESB.    CARD.   ANGLIAE    QVI    EXTORRIS    A    PATRIA 

PERFVNCTVS    LABORIBVS    DIVTVRNIS   IN 

ORTHODOXA   RELIGIONE    TVENDA   SVDORIBVS 

MVLTIS   IN   SEMINARIIS    AD    SALVTEM   PATRIAE 

INSTITVENDIS    FOVENDIS    PERICVLIS   PLVRIMIS 

OB     ECC.     ROM.     OPERE     SCRIPTIS     OMNI     CORPORIS 

ET   ANIMI    CONTENTIONE    DEFENSAM  HIC   IN 

EIVS  GREMIO  SCIENTIAE  PIETATIS  MODESTIAE 

INTEGRITATIS    FAMA    ET   EXEMPLO    CLARVS   AC 

PUS    OMNIBVS    CHARVS    OCCVBVIT    XVII    CAL.    NOV. 

AN.    AETA.    LXIII    EXILII    XXXIII    SAL.    HVMA. 

MDXCIV 
INTER   LACRYMAS    EXVLVM   PRO    RELIGIONE 

CIVIVM   PERPETVVM   ILLORVM   EFFVGIVM 

GABRIEL  ALANVS  FRATER  THOMAS  HESCHETVS 

SORORIS  FILIVS  FRATRI  AVVNCVLO  CHARISS. 

OPTIME    OPTIMEQ.    MERITO 

MOERENTES   POSVERVNT 

D.O.M. 

GABRIELI   ALANO   PIETATE   AC 

VITAE   INNOCENTIA   SINGVLARI 

QVEM   VT   AMORIS    SANCTIQVE 

EXILII   VINCVLVM   CVM   GVLIELMO 

FRATRE    CARDINALI   ANGLIAE 

IN   VITA   CONIVNXERAT   SIC    NEC 

LOCVS    IPSE   IN   MORTE   SEPARAVIT 

OBIIT   DIE   XXIIII   MARTII   ANNO 

AETATIS   SVAE   LVIII   HVMANAE 

SALVTIS    MDXCVII 

THOMAS   ALANVS    AVVNCVLI 

OPTIMI   AMANTISSIMI 

MEMORIAE 

POSVIT 

The  spelling  of  the  name  here,  "Alan," 
is  the  same  as  in  the  will  of  the  Cardinal's 
uncle  Thomas  Lyster  of  Westby,  and  may, 
no  doubt,  be  considered  the  correct  form. 

(Rev.)  H.  L.  L.  DENNY. 
Holy  Trinity,  Sloane  Street,  S.W. 

GRAND  SHARRI  TEPHLIA  (US.  iv.  149).— 
I  imagine  that  the  founder  of  this  society 
was  a  perverted  Hebrew.  "  Sharri  Tephlia  " 
seems  a  mere  corruption  or  "  vocalism  "  of 
"  Shangerei  Tephillah"  or  "the  Gates  of 
Prayer."  I  believe  the  Spanish  Jews  call 
their  "  Snogas  "  "  Shangerei  Tephillah  "  : 
hence  the  applied  phrase. 

M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

MOOR,  MORE,  AND  MOORY-GROUND  (US. 
iii.  450 ;  iv.  37). — I  am  much  interested 
in  H.  P.  L.'s  reply  as  to  the  origin  of  "  moory 
ground."  In  this  part  of  Hampshire  a 
tree  stump  or  root  is  called  a  "  more  "  ; 
therefore  the  "Moory  Ground"  at  Cramp  - 
moor  is  probably  the  site  of  woods,  and  is 
possibly  part  of  Ampfield  Wood  (An-field), 
said  by  Miss  Charlotte  Yonge  in  her  '  Keble's 
Parishes  '  to  be  "  primeval." 


The  note  on  Skidmore  is  also  most  helpful, 
for  Upton  is  in  the  adjoining  parish  of 
Nursling  (anciently  Nutshalling).  Upton  is 
represented  by  a  few  cottages  and  Upton 
House,  interesting  as  having  been  the  resi- 
dence of  Admiral  Sir  Thomas  Trowbridge  of 
Nelsonic  fame.  F.  H.  SUCKLING. 

Highwood,  Romsey. 

"MAKE  A  LONG  ARM"  (US.  iv.  44,  118, 
158).  —  From  1849  the  expression  "Will 
you  make  a  long  arm?"  was  commonly 
used  by  my  grandfather  and  his  family. 
We  used  to  lay  the  authorship  at  their  door, 
as  they  were  rather  apt  in  inventing  expres- 
sions. E.  C.  WIENHOLT. 
Woodheys,  West  Park,  Eltham. 

COWPER  ON  LANGFORD  (US.  iv.  109,  151). 
—It  may  be  as  well  to  mention  that  Lang- 
ford's     epitaph    is    recorded      by    Cansick 
('Epitaphs    of    Middlesex:      St.    Pancras,' 
1869),  and  that  the  date  of  his  death  is  there 
given  as  18  September,  1774.     With  a  few 
verbal  differences,  the  lines  reprinted  from 
Lysons    by   MR.    HUMPHREYS    precede    the 
following  obituary  records  : — 
Abraham  Langford, 
Late  of  St.  Paul,  Covent  Garden, 
Died  18th  of  Sepr  1774  aged  63  years. 
Abraham  Langford, 
Late  of  Highgate, 
Who  died  Octr  11*M8 17 

Aged  65  years. 

Also  Miss  Elizabeth  Langford, 

Who  died  August  8th  1830 

Aged  47  years. 

Mary  Ann  Langford, 

Died  Jan  20th  1834 

in  her  50th  year. 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

"  VIVE  LA  BELGE"  (11  S.  iv.  129,  174).— 
The  date  of  the  visit  of  English  volunteers  to 
Belgium  was  July,  1869.  When  the  teams 
were  squadded  for  the  shoot,  some  of  the 
members  recognized  each  other  as  belonging 
to  the  Masonic  body,  and  after  the  match 
was  over  fraternized  in  a  manner  common 
to  craftsmen.  The  Belgian  brethren  held 
a  lodge  of  emergency  to  entertain  their 
English  fellow-craftsmen,  and  to  commemo- 
rate the  event  had  a  bronze  medal  struck, 
and  distributed  among  those  who  took  part 
in  the  impromptu  and  particularly  happy 
gathering.  I  was  not  there,  but  am  rather 
proud  to  possess  one  of  the  medals  then 
struck. 

This  medal  is  of  bronze,  and  a  little  larger 
than  a  shilling,  milled  inside  the  rim  and 
with  plain  outer  edge.  On  the  obverse,  in 
compass  form,  covering  the  all-seeing  eye  in 
a  triangle,  are  the  words  OR.'.DE  LIEGE. 


216 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  9,  ion. 


Underneath  is  a  representation  of  square 
and  compasses  composed  of  these  tools, 
with  the  mallet  and  trowel  deftly  worked 
in  as  part  of  the  symbol.  Opposite  is  what 
probably  represents  the  arms  of  Liege. 
Underneath  is  the  Masonic  date  (Anno  lucis) 
7V.  M.\  5869.  On  the  reverse  is  a  triangle 
enclosing  two  hands  clasped  in  greeting. 
On  the  left  of  the  triangle  is — AUX  TTT.  *. 
On  the  right,  ccc.  \FFF.\  ;  and,  underneath, 
ETRANG.'.  The  medal  is  signed  SOUVENIR 

DU  F. '.   BRICHATJT.  ANDREW   HOPE. 

Exeter. 

*  INGOLDSBY  LEGENDS  '  :  REBUS  (11  S.  iv. 
170). — The  writer  wished  to  indicate  that 
the  lady  who  desired  a  contribution  to  her 
album  was  a  bore  ;  so  he  designed  to  give 
her  a  slight  shock.  The  answer  is  "  album," 
with  a  punning  reference  to  "  all." 

WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

[Several  other  correspondents  thanked  for 
replies.] 

DEEDS  AND  ABSTRACTS  OF  TITLE  : 
SOCIETY  FOR  THEIR  PRESERVATION  (11  S.  iv. 
148,  194).  —  The  Yorkshire  Archaeological 
Society  and  the  Thoresby  Society,  both  of 
Leeds,  collect  old  deeds  and  abstracts  of 
title,  and  probably  would  accept  them  on 
the  terms  that,  if  required,  they  should 
be  returned  at  owners'  risk.  G.  D.  L. 

Leeds. 

THE  VICAR  OF  WAKEFIELD  (11  S.  iv.  170). 
— MR.  LYNN  will  find  a  discussion  of  the 
point  which  he  has  raised  in  Lupton's 
'  Wakefield  Worthies,'  pp.  182-8,  where  it 
is  pointed  out  that  the  character  of  Dr. 
Primrose  may  have  been  drawn  from  the 
Rev.  Benjamin  Wilson,  Vicar  of  Wakefield 
from  1750  to  1764,  and  that  Goldsmith 
probably  had  paid  a  visit  to  Wakefield 
before  writing  his  novel.  There  is  a  "  Thorn- 
hill  "  near  Wakefield,  and  a  "  Primrose " 
Hill  in  the  city.  MATTHEW  H.  PEACOCK. 

"BED  OF  ROSES"  (11  S.  iv.  126,  176).— 
Having  returned  home,  I  can  now  correct 
my  previous  reference.  The  phrase  appears 
in  Ossian  (Temora),  Book  VI.  Clun-galo 
(wife  of  Conmor,  King  of  Inis-hana,  and 
mother  of  Sul-malla)  is  here  represented 
as  missing  her  daughter,  after  she  had 
fled  with  Cathmor.  She  exclaims  :— 

"  Where  art  thou,  beam  of  light  ?  Hunters 
A0nYthe  mos&y  rock»  saw  Ye  the  blue-eyed  fair  ? 
Are  her  steps  on  grassy  Lumon,  near  the  bed  of 
™f  ?  Ah  me  !  I  behold  her  bow  in  the  hall. 
Where  art  thou,  beam  of  light  ?  " 

"Blue  eyed  fair  "  has  also  passed  into  a 
proverb.  JAS.  CURTIS,  F.S.A. 


Surely  the  phrase  "bed  of  roses "  is 
derived  from  the  story  of  the  Sybarite  who 
suffered  from  sleeping  on  a  crushed  rose-leaf. 
Cf.  "  Die  of  a  rose  in  aromatic  pain." 

Mr.  Gladstone,  writing  to  Monckton 
Milnes  in  1843,  says  with  regard  to  the 
Independent  M.P.  :  "  His  seat  must  less 
and  less  resemble  a  bed  of  roses." 

GLADSTONIAN. 

OVERING  SURNAME  (US.  iv.  89,  178).— 
Charles  Overing  of  Carey  Street,  goldsmith, 
entered  his  name  and  mark  at  Goldsmiths' 
Hall  in  April,  1697.  Little  is  known  of 
him  ;  and  examples  of  his  work  are  extremely 
rare,  although  he  appears  to'  have  carried 
on  his  business  for  at  least  20  years,  since 
I  have  a  drinking-cup  made  by  him  in  1717. 
Apparently,  also,  no  one  of  the  same  name 
succeeded  him  in  the  business. 

H.  D.  ELLIS. 

7,  Roland  Gardens,  S.W. 

CLUB  ETRANGER  AT  HANOVER  SQUARE 
(US.  ii.  407,  477;  iii.  96;  iv.  179).— From 
'  Notes  and  Jottings  on  Hanover  Square  and 
the  St.  George's  Club  '  I  extract  the  follow- 
ing :— 

"  This  Club,  known  originally  as  the  Cercle 
des  Strangers,  was  established  to  give  club 
accommodation  to  that  very  large  floating  popu- 
lation of  London  formed  by  American,  Conti- 
nental, and  Colonial  visitors  who  visit  England 
for  long  or  short  periods ....  And  in  order  more 
fully  to  carry  out  their  laudable  intentions,  and 
thus  to  realize  the  design  of  the  founders  of  this 
Club,  by  rendering  it  emphatically  a  National 
Club,  or  rather,  a  truly  Cosmopolitan  Club — a 
Cercle  des  Nations — an  important  and  numerously 
attended  meeting,"  &c. 

This  makes  it  clear  that  "  Cercle  des  Nations ' 
was  only  an  intention,  never  a  name  for  the 
St.  George's  Club. 

But  all  this  is  remote  from  the  original 

?uery.  Further  information  on  this  might, 
suggest,  be  obtained  from  a  collection  of 
the  concert  tickets  engraved  by  Bartolozzi 
after  Cipriani.  I  think  that  some  for  the 
Cercle  Etranger  at  Hanover  Square  were 
printed.  ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

BARRY  O'MEARA,  NAPOLEON'S  SURGEON 
AT  ST.  HELENA  (11  S.  iv.  167). — He  was  the 
son  of  Jeremiah  O'Meara,  a  "  member  of 
the  legal  profession,"  by  Miss  Murphy, 
sister  of  Edmund  Murphy,  M.A.  of  T.C.D., 
and  Rector  of  Tartaraghan,  co.  Armagh. 
He  is  supposed  to  have  been  a  descendant  of 
the  Irish  medical  family  of  which  Dermod 
or  Dermitius  Meara  (fl.  1610),  author  and 
physician,  and  his  son  Edmund  Meara  or 
O'Meara  (d.  1690),  physician,  were  members. 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 


n  s.  iv.  SEPT.  9,  i9ii.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


217 


WASHINGTON    IRVING' s     '  SKETCH-BOOK  ' 
(11  S.  iv.  109,  129,  148,  156,  196).— 17.    These 
lines  are  the  burden  of  the  carol  '  The  Sunnv 
Bank  '   ('  Songs  of  the  Nativity,'  pp.  24  to 
26,    published   by   J.    C.    Hotten,    no    date, 
but    presumably    about    1870).     The    carol 
consists   of   nine   verses,    and    is   also   given 
condensed  as  follows  : — 
As  I  sat  on  a  sunny  bank 
On  Christmas  Day  in  the  morning, 
I  spied  three  ships  come  sailing  by, 
And  who  should  be  with  those  three  ships 
But  Joseph  and  his  fair  lady  ? 
Oh,  he  did  whistle  and  she  did  sing, 
And  all  the  bells  on  earth  did  ring 
For  joy  that  our  Saviour  He  was  born 
On  Christmas  Day  in  the  morning. 

MATILDA  POLLARD. 
Belle  Vue,  Bengeo. 

SIR  JOHN  ARUNDEL  OF  CLERKENWELL 
(11  S.  iii.  367,  415,  491  ;  iv.  32,  97).— The 
printed  register  of  marriages  at  St.  Bene't 
Paul's  Wharf,  London  (Harl.  Soc.,  1911), 
contains  (p.  253)  this  entry  : — 

"1801,  Apl.  18.  Sir  John  ARUNDEL,  Kuight,  of 
Huntingdon,  co.  Huntingdon,  W.,  and  Sarah  Anne 
Sharpe,  of  St.  Benedict,  Paul's  Wharf,  S. ;  by 
Richard  Edwards,  Lecturer.  Licence.  Wit.  : 
Sarah  Freeman,  William  Sharpe,  Mary  Freeman." 

Were  the  Freemans  related  to  either  the 
Arundel  or  the  Sharpe  family  ? 

EUGENE  F.  McPiKE. 
135,  Park  Row,  Chicago. 

BIBLES  WITH  CURIOUS  READINGS  (US.  i'ii. 
284,  433  ;  iv.  158).— I  shall  be  glad  if  one 
of  the  contributors  on  this  subject  can 
tell  me  in  what  translation  of  the  Bible 
appears  the  reading  "  Paul  the  knave  of 
Jesus  Christ,"  and  in  what  place.  I  asked 
the  question  at  10  S.  xii.  128,  but  without 
obtaining  the  desired  information. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 


In  Brewer's  'Historic  Note-Book'  (1891) 
there  is  a  list  of  English  printed  Bibles, 
including  those  with  eccentric  names.  A 
special  account  of  each  of  these  Bibles  will 
also  be  found  under  its  own  heading,  giving 
the  origin  and  meaning  of  the  different 
titles.  Among  these  I  notice  the  "  Devil's 
Bible,"  the  "  Silver  Bible,"  and  so  on. 

HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 

39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kemrington  Lane. 

[Reply  from  W.  B.  anticipated  at  earlier 
references.] 

GRINLING  GIBBONS  (11  S.  iv.  89,  137, 
154). — In  the  twelfth  volume  of  the  Trans- 
actions of  the  British  Archaeological  Associa- 
tion there  is  a  statement  with  respect  to  the 
restoration  of  the  carvings  of  this  sculptor 


by  a  Mr.  Rogers,  who  was  an  expert.  The 
editor  states  that  a  Life  of  Grinling  Gibbons 
was  an  artistic  desideratum,  and  suggests 
that  Mr.  Rogers  should  undertake  it.  Was 
this  ever  done  ? 

Other  instances  of  Gibbons' s  work  occur 
in  the  reredos  of  the  Hamburgh  Lutheran 
Church,  Little  Trinity  Lane,  Dalston  ;  the 
monuments  of  Rebecca,  Henry,  and  Anna- 
bella,  children  of  Sir  Richard  Atkins,  in 
Clapham  parish  church ;  Belton  House, 
Grantham  ;  and  many  other  places. 

The  earlier  volumes  of  *  N.  &  Q.'  contain 
many  notes  on  Gibbons  and  his  works, 
especially  vols.  iii.  and  iv.  of  the  Fourth 
Series. 

T.  CANN  HUGHES,  M.A.,  F.S.A. 
Lancaster. 

BRISBANE  FAMILY  (11  S.  iv.  49). — In 
Arthur's  '  Family  and  Christian  Names ' 
(New  York,  1857)  this  personal  name  is 
derived  from  the  Cornish  brez  or  brys,  judg- 
ment, and  ban,  a  hill,  hence  "  mount  of 
judgment."  In  Gaelic,  it  appears,  breasban 
means  "  royal  mount,"  and  brisbeinn,  "  the 
broken  hill."  N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

"  APSSEN  COUNTER"  (10  S.  xii.  349; 
11  S.  i.  116). — MR.  P.  LUCAS  inquired  as  to 
the  meaning  of  "  apssen  counter "  in  a 
bequest  in  an  early  Sussex  will.  I  suggest 
that  it  was  a  sandboard  used  for  teaching 
A  B  C — schoolmasters  taught  the  young 
"  apeseyes  "  (or  their  abc's)  on  some  such 
board.  H.  A.  HARRIS. 

Thorndon  Rectory,  Eye,  Suffolk. 

THE  LORD  CHIEF  JUSTICE,  THE  SHERIFF, 
AND  VENTILATION  (11  S.  iv.  169). — The 
paragraph  referred  to  by  E.  R.  seems  to 
have  been  somewhat  confused,  for  the 
case  had  nothing  to  do  with  a  window  and 
ventilation. 

At  the  Assizes  held  at  Guildford  in  August, 
1860,  the  High  Sheriff  was  William  John 
Evelyn,  Esq.,  of  Wotton  House,  the  then 
representative  of  the  family  of  the  diarist. 
The  judges  were  the  Lord  Chief  Justice 
Cockburn  and  Justice  Blackburn,  the  latter 
presiding  in  the  Crown  Court,  from  which 
he  ordered  the  public  to  be  cleared,  on  the 
ground  that  the  noise  was  so  great  that  he 
could  not  hear  the  evidence.  After  the 
public  had  been  excluded  a  week,  Mr. 
Evelyn  as  Sheriff,  thinking  this  contrary  to 
law,  issued  a  placard  and  ordered  the  whole 
court  to  be  opened.  For  this  Mr.  Justice 
Blackburn  fined  him  5007.,  and  the  Lord 
Chief  Justice,  as  senior  judge,  inflicted  the 
fine  and  gave  the  Sheriff  a  lecture. 


218 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         m s.  iv.  SEPT. o,  1911. 


A  full  account  of  the  scene,  which  took 
place  during  the  trial  of  a  prisoner  for  utter- 
ing a  note,  appeared  in  The  West  Surrey 
Times,  4  and  11  August,  1860.  The  late 
Serjeant  Ballantine,  who  had  appeared  as 
counsel  in  several  cases  before  Mr.  Justice 
Blackburn,  in  '  Some  Experiences  of  a 
Barrister's  Life,'  1890  ed.,  p.  333,  gives 
a  brief  but  just  account  of  the  transaction  ; 
and  a  full  and  detailed  narrative  is  included 
in  a  pamphlet  published  by  Mr.  W.  J. 
Evelyn,  entitled  '  A  Letter  addressed  to  the 
Magistrates  of  the  County  of  Surrey,'  to 
which  a  plan  of  the  court  is  prefixed.  As  a 
matter  of  history,  it  may  be  added  that  the 
fine  was  paid,  but  afterwards  remitted. 

A.  RHODES. 

SIB  JOSHUA  REYNOLDS'S  POCKET-BOOKS 
(US.  iii.  267,  313).— MB.  HOBACE  BLEACKLEY 
may  like  to  know  that  twenty-seven  of 
Sir  Joshua's  pocket-books  now  belong  to 
the  Royal  Academy  ;  see  Devon  and  Corn- 
wall Notes  and  Queries,  vol.  vi.  part  vii., 
July,  1911,  p.  214.  H.  TAPLEY-SOPEB. 

Royal  Albert  Memorial,  Exeter. 

"  WIMPLE  "  (11  S.  i.  202,  498  ;  iv.  138).— 
In  my  reply  at  the  last  reference  for  "  spellie  " 
read  skellie,  and  for  the  second  "  right  " 
read  left.  As  different  forms  of  the  line 
occur,  I  may  add  that  my  quotation  was 
made  from  '  The  Book  of  Scottish  Poems,' 
edited  by  J.  Ross.  W.  B. 


0n 


A  Dictionary  of  Orienlal  Quotations  (Arabic  and 
Persian).     By   Claud  Field.     (Sonnenschein  & 

Co.) 

IP  Orientals  were  in  the  habit  of  making  long 
quotations  from  their  standard  authors  in  the 
course  of  conversation  or  otherwise,  this  book 
might  be  of  considerable  service  to  them.  But 
every  one  who  has  lived  amongst  them  knows 
that  they  no  more  do  this  than  Englishmen 
embellish  their  talk  with  Hamlet's  soliloquy  or 
Portia's  dissertation  on  the  quality  of  mercy. 
Nevertheless  this  book  will  be  of  use  in  assisting 
pur  ^fellow-  country  men  to  understand  and  enter 
into'the  spirit  of  the  East. 

Mr.  Field  has  shown  great  industry  in  com- 
piling this  anthology,  and  we  do  not  complain 
of  his  confining  himself  to  those  writers  who  have 
received  the  honours  of  an  English  translation. 
It  would,  we  think,  have  been  an  advantage 
if  the  Arabic  and  Persian  extracts  had  been  placed 
in  separate  sections.  A  Persian  and  an  Arab 
differ  from  each  other  as  much  as  a  Slav  differs 
from  an  Anglo-Saxon,  and  it  would  have  been 
more  convenient  to  the  reader  if  he  could  have 
studied  their  respective  temperaments,  so  far  as 


they  are  expressed  in  literature,  en  gros,  if  we  may 
use  the  phrase,  rather  than  en  detail.  The  pre- 
Islamitic  authors  might  also  have  been  con- 
veniently separated  from  those  belonging  to  the 
centuries  after  Mohammed. 

With  regard  to  the  Persian  section,  only  two 
quotations  have  been  given  from  Firdausi,  who 
may  be  regarded  as  the  Malory  of  Persia  and  the 
representative  of  the  romantic  spirit  in  Iran. 
The  numerous  quotations  from  the  '  Anwar-i- 
Suheili  '  and  the  later  Persian  writers  show  the 
enormous  influence  which  the  introduction  of 
Islam,  with  its  fatalistic  creed,  had  upon  the 
mind  of  the  naturally  light-hearted  Persian,  and 
which  the  scientific  spirit  of  Omar  Khayyam, 
with  its  elaborate  inquiry  into  the  How  and  the 
Why,  ineffectually  endeavoured  to  turn  into  more 
agnostic  channels.  The  Persian  bent  is  seen  in 
such  a  quotation  as  the'f  olio  whig  from  Shabistari : 

Did  the  Musalman  understand  what  the  Idol  is, 
He  would  know  there  is  religion  even  in  idolatry. 

Here  it  must  be  remembered  that  the  Persian 
was  never  a  but-parast,  or  idol- worshipper,  but 
the  pre-Islamite  Arab  was,  and  so  long  as  the 
worship  of  Yaghuth  and  Allat  was  sincere,  in  the 
Persian  mind  it  was  a  case  for  tolerance. 

One  quotation  from  the  '  Rubai'yat '  may  be 
interesting  to  English  readers,  partly  because  it 
is  not  included  in  FitzGerald's  paraphrase,  and 
partly  because  it  elucidates  the  problem  of  Omar's 
faith.  Literally  translated  from  the  Persian, 
the  passage  runs  : — 

"  One  hand  upon  the  Koran,  and  one  hand 
upon  the  cup,  at  one  time  near  to  the  lawful, 
at  another  time  near  to  the  unlawful,  the  alabaster 
dome  of  turquoise  sees  me  neither  an  absolute 
unbeliever  nor  a  complete  Musulman." 

Mr.  Whinfield,  whose  translation  is  followed 
by  Mr.  Field,  turns  the  lines  as  under  : — 

One  hand  with  Koran,  one  with  wine-cup  dight, 
I  half  incline  to  wrong,  and  half  to  right  ; 
This  crystal  azure  dome  beholds  in  me 
A  sorry  Moslem,  yet  not  heathen  quite. 

This  is  as  near,  perhaps,  as  translation  can  go. 

In  a  work  of  this  kind,  in  which  several  hundred 
quotations  are  transliterated,  misprints  are  in- 
evitable, but  they  are  rare.  In  the  quotation 
jiven  above  we  have  made  a  slight  correction,  as 
'half  incline"  is  misprinted  "have  incline,"  while 
n  the  Persian  text  nizd  should  be  nazd.  On  p. 
198  riz-i-wagha  should  be  ruz-i-wagha. 

On  the  whole,  the  extracts  have  been  carefully 
jhosen,  and  the  book  should  be  useful  in  popular- 
zing  the  wisdom  of  the  East.  Some  phrases 
lave,  indeed,  a  familiar  ring  to  English  ears. 
'  The  camel  will  not  go  through  the  eye  of  a 
needle  "  (p.  263)  recalls  a  well-known  passage  in 
;he  New  Testament ;  while  "He  bites  his  finger 
n  spite  against  strangers  "  (p.  286)  is  remi- 
niscent of  a  famous  faction-fight  in  '  Romeo  and 
Juliet.' 

LORD  DUNRAVEN  opens  The  Nineteenth  Century 
vith  a  political  discourse  on  the  Constitution, 
n  which  he  has  been  convicted  of  inaccuracy 
:oncerning  the  Parliament  Bill  by  The  West- 
ninster  Gazette.  Mr.  J.  Ellis  Barker  in  *  The 
Labour  Revolt  and  its  Meaning '  gives  some 
striking  figures  of  the  wages  of  the  poor,  and  says 
hat  "  the  unskilled  American  negroes  in  the  South 


i is.  iv.  SEPT.  9,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


219 


of  the  United  States  earn  more  and  live  better 
than  the  skilled  British  artisans."  This  position 
of  affairs  is,  as  might  be  expected,  put  down  to 
Free  Trade.  Mr.  Mann  "  has,  perhaps,  without 
knowing  it,  killed  Free  Trade."  Then  comes  the 
moral :  "If  we  double  the  wages  of  our  workers 
— and  they 'can  be  doubled  under  a  Tariff — we  shall 
destroy  the  worst  of  our  social  diseases  and 
improve  and  elevate  the  race."  Without  ex- 
pressing any  opinion  as  to  this  opinion  or  conjec- 
ture, we  may  point  out  that  this  sort  of  reform 
does  not  seem  yet  to  have  got  much  hold  of  the 
working-man.  Mr.  Morton  Luce  has  an  interesting 
article  on  '  The  Hybrid  Art,'  i.e.,  the  art  which 
partakes  both  of  prose  and  poetry,  with  special 
reference  to  '  The  Agonists  '  of  Mr.  Hewlett. 
Mr.  Luce  is  now  revealed  as  the  author  of  a  book 
of  verse  which  made  some  stir,  '  Thysia.'  Miss 
Gertrude  Kingston  in  '  Some  Ordinary  Observa- 
tions on  Extraordinary  Occurrences  '  deals  with 
the  mixture  of  futility  and  apparently  genuine 
and  pertinent  matter  to  be  found  in  various  super- 
normal revelations.  She  describes  some 
seances  which  she  has  attended,  but  her  science 
concerning  the  subject  is  more  verbose  than 
satisfactory.  In '  The  Ethics  of  Medical  Practice  ' 
Prof.  J.  A.  Lindsay  defends  the  doctors  against 
the  aspersions  of  a  writer  in  the  July  number  of 
The  Nineteenth  Century.  It  is  difficult  to  speak 
fairly  of  a  whole  profession,  but  we  think  the 
ordinary  man  is  justified  in  complaining  of  the 
charges  of  specialists.  So  many  guineas,  as  a 
friend  said  to  us,  do  not  go  well  with  talk  about 
self-sacrifice  and  suffering  humanity. 

Mrs.  A.  M.  W.  Stirling  has  an  excellent  article 
about  a  real  character,  the  fourth  Earl  of  Albe- 
marle,  '  A  Master  of  Horse.'  '  The  Speech  of  the 
Roads,'  by  Mr.  D.  MacRitchie,  President  of  the 
Gypsy  Lore  Society,  discourses  various  forms 
of  jargon  and  cant  as  well  as  the  genuine  Romani 
language.  Mr.  E.  Beresford  Chancellor  has  a  good 
subject  in '  Architectural  Masterpieces  of  London,' 
of  which  the  man  in  the  street  knows  hardly 
anything.  We  think,  however,  that  the  educated 
man  knows  more  than  the  writer  implies.  The 
verdict  that  ten  out  of  twelve  of  this  class,  taken 
at  random,  could  probably  only  connect  Wren 
with  St.  Paul's,  and  mention  no  other  London 
architect  and  building,  is  contradicted  by  our 
own  experience. 

IN  The  Cornhill  Sir  James  Yoxall,  M.P.,  dwells 
on  the  waste  of  '  Parliamentary  Time,'  and  the 
futility  of  many  debaters.  Any  one  even  with 
a  casual  knowledge  of  the  House  of  Commons 
will  be  able  to  verify  his  conclusions.  Mr. 
Andrew  Lang  in  c  Shakespeare  or  X.  ?  '  shows 
that  Mr.  George  Greenwood's  arguments  in  his 
book  '  The  Shakespeare  Problem  Restated  '  are 
not  so  irrefragable  as  some  people  think  them. 
While  the  extant  facts  concerning  the  man  from 
Stratford  are  far  from  satisfactory,  the  theory 
suggested  by  Mr.  Greenwood  involves  also  grave 
difficulties.  'The  Shakspere  Allusion -Book,' 
2  vols.,  1909,  should  certainly  be  consulted  by 
all  who  attempt  to  investigate  the  question. 
'  Something  to  be  Forgotten,'  by  Mr.  Claude  E. 
Benson,  is  a  horrible  but  effective  story  of  a 
Beast-God  in  South  America.  Mr.  Gosse  has  a 
lively  and  striking  account  of  a  visit  to  '  A  Danish 
Poet,'  Frederik  Paludan-Miiller.  This  is  the 
second  of  his  papers  concerning  a  visit  to  Den- 
mark in  1872,  and  We  hope  that  he  may  in  time 


produce  enough  to  form  a  book  on  his  Danish 
friends. 

In  '  An  Airship  Voyage  '  Mr.  H.  Warner  Allen 
gives  an  account  of  a  journey  from  Moisson  to  the 
Army  Balloon  Factory,  South  Farnborough. 
Mr.  A.  C.  Benson  had  no  particular  intimacy  with 
'  Bishop  Wordsworth  of  Lincoln,'  a  much  older 
man  than  himself.  All  the  same,  he  describes 
his  career  and  character  in  a  striking  way.  The 
examination  paper  this  month  is  by  Canon 
Beeching  on  Dr.  Johnson,  the  questions  set  by 
Mr.  Godley  on  Tennyson  being  answered. 

The  Fortnightly  is,  naturally,  full  of  the  Parlia- 
ment Bill  and  the  results  of  its  being  passed.. 
There  is  also  an  article  on  '  Sir  Eldon  Gorst  and 
his  Successor  in  Egypt,'  by  W.,  which  seems; 
to  be  more  judicial  than  some  recent  outbursts, 
on  the  subject.  Sir  Eldon  is  credited  with  a  want, 
of  dignity,  an  irritability  of  temper,  and  an. 
indifference  to  the  show  which  appeals  to  Oriental 
minds  ;  and  it  is  considered  that  these  handicaps 
delayed  recognition  of  the  success  of  his  policy^ 
which  was  coming  to  him  in  full  measure  when  he- 
fell  ill.  Mr.  James  Milne  indulges  in  too  much, 
sentimental  verbosity  in  '  The  Scottish  Emi- 
grant's Farewell.'  He  wishes  that  the  Scotchi 
could  by  a  rearrangement  of  land  be  induced  to. 
stay  in  their  native  country.  There  are  three- 
articles  of  interest  on  French  writers.  M.  Augustia 
Filon  in  '  Racine  in  the  Dock  '  discusses  a  life- 
of  the  French  poet  by  one  of  his  descendants,  and 
finds  it  unduly  critical.  Mr.  Francis  Gribble, 
whose  writing  is  always  bright  and  entertaining, 
has  a  lively  article  on  '  Theophile  Gautier '  ; 
and  Mr.  Arthur  Ransome  introduces  M.  '  Remy 
de  Gourmont '  as  "  a  writer  whose  books  are  read! 
in  every  country  but  ours."  M.  de  Gourmonfc, 
has  certainly  a  wide  range  in  his  books.  He  has: 
written  novels,  literary  and  philosophical  criti-- 
cism,  comment  on  contemporary  events,  and] 
scientific  work.  K.  L.  Montgomery's  '  Some- 
Writers  of  the  Celtic  Renaissance  '  refers  to  the 
young  Irish  school  whose  success  deserves  more 
recognition  in  England  than  it  has  hitherto 
received.  Of  the  two  short  stories,  '  The  Kite- 
Flyer  '  is  not  so  much  a  tale  as  a  moving  little 
picture ;  '  A  Runaway  Affair,'  by  Walter 
Lennard,  is  poignant. 

IN  the  September  number  of  The  Burlington 
Magazine  the  usual  editorial  articles  do  not  appear* 
an  omission,  we  suppose,  due  to  well-earned 
holidays.  The  frontispiece  shows  in  colour  a 
fine  Spanish  carpet  of  the  fifteenth  century,  one  of 
several  discussed  by  Mr.  A.  van  de  Put.  The 
important  '  Inventory  of  the  Arundel  Collec- 
tion,' by  Miss  Mary  L.  Cox,  is  continued.  Mr, 
P.  M.  Turner  seeks  to  discover  the  painter  of 
'  A  Galiot  in  a  Gale,'  purchased  for  the  National 
Gallery  in  1895,  and  catalogued  as  the  work  of 
the  elder  Cotman.  He  makes  out  a  good  case 
for  Copley  Fielding  as  the  painter,  and  shows 
by  an  illustration  the  likeness  between  the  picture 
and  another  by  Copley  Fielding  in  the  Kunsthalle 
of  Hamburg.  In  '  Some  Approximations  '  Sir 
Martin  Conway  gives  the  result  of  comparing 
photographs  of  many  ages  and  countries  gathered 
from  all  sorts  of  quarters,  and  sometimes  even 
cut  out  of  books.  He  is  an  indefatigable  buyer  of 
reproductions  of  works  of  art,  and  tells  us 
that  he  once  bought  2  cwt.  at  a  time  of  sale  cata- . 
logues. 


220 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES-        [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT  9, 1911. 


It  would  have  been  interesting  to  have  the 
expert  views  of  The  Burlington  on  the  theft  of 
Leonardo's  '  La  Gioconda '  from  the  Louvre ; 
but  the  loss  probably  occurred  too  late  in  the 
month  of  August  to  be  noticed.  As  we  write 
(4  September)  there  is  no  certain  news  of  the 
whereabouts  of  the  picture,  but  we  hope  that  its 
withdrawal  may  be  merely  temporary,  not  engi- 
neered for  gain,  but  only  as  a  means  of  showing 
how  inadequately  so  great  a  treasure  has  been 
guarded. 

BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — SEPTEMBER. 

MR.  L.  C.  BRAUN  sends  Catalogues  72  and  73. 
The  former  includes  a  large  number  of  engraved 
views  in  Bedfordshire,  Berkshire,  Essex,  Hamp- 
shire, Hertfordshire,  Kent,  &c.,  besides  those 
under  Wales.  Under  London  we  note  the  interior 
of  the  Society  of  Arts,  1809  ;  the  Hall  of  the 
Bank  of  England,  1808  ;  Billingsgate,  the  same 
date ;  the  interior  of  the  Surrey  Institute, 
Blackfriars  Road,  1809  ;  the  Blue-Coat  School, 
showing  the  annual  oration ;  Exhibition  of 
Water-Colours  in  Old  Bond  Street;  Buck- 
ingham Palace,  1809  ;  Chelsea  Hospital 
pensioners  seated  at  dinner ;  Covent  Garden 
Market  during  the  Westminster  election,  1808  ; 
the  House  of  Commons  during  a  debate  in  the 
same  year  ;  Hungerford  Suspension  Bridge, 
1860,  &c.  Under  Topographical  Books  are 
Haines's  'Monumental  Brasses,'  2  vols.,  1861, 
21.  5s.  ;  Suckling's  '  Essex,'  4to,  1845,  II.  5s.  ; 
Stone's  '  Architectural  Antiquities  of  the  Isle  of 
Wight,'  1891,  II.  10s.  ;  and  '  The  Post  Office 
Directory  '  for  1828,  red  morocco,  6s.  There  are 
also  a  number  of  engraved  portraits. 

Catalogue  73  contains  among  first  editions 
'  Our  Mutual  Friend,'  Lytton's  '  The  Disowned,' 
4  vols.,  Meredith's  '  The  Tale  of  Chloe,'  Lever's 
f  The  Knight  of  Gwynne,'  and  Kipling's  '  Second 
Jungle  Book  '  and '  The  Seven  Sea's.'  The  original 
Pictorial  Edition  of  Shakespeare  by  Charles 
Knight,  cloth,  8  vcls.,  4to,  is  11.  15s.  There  are 
lists  under  Foreign  Literature.  Under  Pottery 
iind  Porcelain  is  the  last  edition  of  Litchfield, 
1908,  20s.  Grose's  '  Antiquities  of  Scotland,' 
•2  vols.,  imperial  8vo,  calf,  1789-91,  is  also  20s. 
It  was  in  this  work  that  '  Tarn  o'  Shanter  '  first 
.appeared.  There  are  lists  under  Military  and 
Naval  and  Poetry.  In  the  Addenda  are  books 
irom  the  library  of  Miss  Bird  (Mrs.  Bishop), 
the  well-known  explorer,  some  of  these  being 
presentation  copies. 

Mr.  B.  Dobell's  Catalogue  198  starts  with 
.engravings  from  the  famous  Huth  Collection.  We 
notice  also  '  Lyrical  Ballads,'  the  first  edition  of 
1798,  very  rare,  121.  ;  the  '  Gradus  ad  Cantabri- 
giam,'  with  coloured  plates,  21.  10s.  ;  a  long 
letter  of  Dickens  complaining  of  incivility  at  the 
theatre,  1847,  6Z.  6s. ;  and  Wordsworth's  '  Poems,' 
first  edition,  2  vols.,  scarce,  1807,  11.  There  are 
two  first  editions  of  Arnold's  delightful  '  Friend- 
ship's Garland  '  ;  and  a  set  of  Jane  Austen, 
illustrated  mostly  by  Mr.  Hugh  Thomson,  is 
attractive.  We  note  also  several  interesting 
Dickensiana  besides  the  letter  above  ;  Florio's 
'  Montaigne,'  third  edition,  1632,  21.  10s.  ;  Rus- 
kin's  '  Seven  Lamps  of  Architecture,'  first  edition, 
II.  5s.  ;  and  several  entries  worth  attention 
under  Shakespeare,  Stevenson,  and  Tennysop. 


Messrs.  Henry  Sotheran  &  Co.'s  Price  Current 
717  contains  sets  of  The  Alpine  Journal,  The 
Mathematical  Journal,  the  Chaucer,  Kent  Archaeo- 
logical, and  Palaeontographical  Societies,  Naval 
Architects'  Institute,  and  others.  It  is  rich  in 
works  on  Kent,  which  include  a  choice  copy  of 
Hasted,  35Z.  ;  Havell's  '  Cruise,'  1823,  8Z.  8s.  ; 
and  the  rare  work  by  Lewis,  '  History  and  Anti- 
quities of  the  Isle  of  Tenet,'  second  edition,  1736, 
6Z.  6s.  Under  Entomology  will  be  found  Curtis's 
big  work,  9  vols.,  royal  8vo,  cloth,  1862,  18Z.  18s. 
(published  at  43Z.  16s.  net)  ;  Blackwall's  '  Spiders,' 
3Z.  3s.  ;  Entomologist's  Magazine,  44  vols.,  new 
half-calf,  1864-1908,  10Z.  10s.;  McCook's  'Ame- 
rican Spiders,'  3  vols.,  4to,  cloth,  uncut,  Phila- 
delphia, 1889-93,  10Z.  10s.  ;  and  an  original 
subscriber's  copy  of  Moore's  '  Lepidoptera  of 
Ceylon,'  3  vols.,  4to,  bound  from  the  parts  in  half 
crushed  morocco  extra,  1880-87,  14Z.  14s.  There 
are  works  on  Costume,  Keramics,  Military,  and 
Northumberland.  Under  Thackeray  is  an 
Edition  de  Luxe,  and  under  Carlyle  a  Library 
Edition.  Other  works  are  Boswell's  '  Life  of 
Johnson,'  extra-illustrated  with  over  500  portraits 
and  views,  4  thick  vols.,  8vo,  half-morOcco,  1826, 
9Z.  9s.  ;  Linton's  '  Masters  of  Wood  Engraving,' 
large  paper  (limited  to  100  copies),  New  Haven, 
Connecticut,  1889,  uncut,  5Z.  5s.  ;  an  original 
subscriber's  copy  of  Gould's  'Birds,'  5  vols., 
imperial  folio,  green  morocco  super  extra,  1873, 
63Z.  ;  and  a  long  set  of  Ritson,  33  vols.,  1783- 
1833,  25Z.  Under  Scott  is  a  complete  set  of  early 
editions.  There  is  an  uncut  set  of  the  scarce 
work  of  Shoberl  and  Pyne,  '  The  World  in  Minia- 
ture,' with  over  720  coloured  plates  of  costume, 
&c.,  43  vols.,  18mo,  old  paper  boards,  Ackermann, 
1821-7,  18Z.  18s.  Under  Trials  is  a  '  Complete 
Collection  of  Proceedings  for  High  Treason,'  by 
T.  B.  and  T.  J.  Howell,  with  Jardine's  Index, 
34  vols.,  royal  8vo,  half-bound,  1809-28,  12Z.  12s. 
There  is  a  set  of  Vanity  Fair,  1868-98,  60  vols., 
folio,  cloth,  111.  17s. 


tn  (K0rasp0ntottts, 

To  secure  insertion  of  communications  corre- 
spondents must  observe  the  following  rules.  Let 
each  note,  query,  or  reply  be  written  on  a  separate 
slip  of  paper,  with  the  signature  of  the  writer  and 
such  address  as  he  wishes  to  appear.  When  answer- 
ing queries,  or  making  notes  with  regard  to  previous 
entries  in  the  paper,  contributors  are  requested  to 

Eut  in  parentheses,   immediately  after  the  exact 
eading,  the  series,  volume,  and  page  or  pages  to 
which    they    refer.    Correspondents    who    repeat 
queries    are  requested    to  head    the  second  com- 
munication "  Duplicate." 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub- 
Ushers  " — at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

M.  L.  D.  ("Horse-play"). — The  '  N.E.D.' 
defines  this  as  "  Rough,  coarse,  or  boisterous 
play,  passing  the  bounds  of  propriety."  The 
illustrative  quotations  range  from  1589  to  the 
present  day. 

J.  H.  ("  Bartolozzi  Mezzotints  "). — You  should 
consult  a  fine-art  dealer. 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  16,  ion.]      NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


221 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  16,  1911. 


CONTENTS.-NO.  90. 

NOTES:— The  Refugee  Family  of  La  Motte,  221-' The 
Concise  Oxford  Dictionary,'  223  —  Funeral  of  Lords 
Kilmarnock  and  Balmerino,  22.4 — Col.  Newcome's  Death 
—A  Figment  about  John  Balliol,  225  — David  Hume's 
Grave — Signs  of  Old  London — Signs  of  Old  Country  Inns, 
226— College  Fellowship  sold  in  1591— Breda  Cockneys- 
Holed  Bridal  Stones,  227. 

QUERIES :— Rev.  Dr.  Ogilvie— 'The  Mother  and  Three 
Camps ' — '  Wine  and  Walnuts ' —  The  Castle  Howard 
Mabuse :  Two  Dogs,  227— American  National  Flower- 
Peers  immortalized  by  Public-Houses — Charles  Water- 
ton's  Pamphlets  — Col.  Sir  J.  Abbott  —  Meridian  of 
London — Cornish  Genealogy  and  the  Civil  War — Authors 
Wanted— French  Theorist  on  Love,  228— "  Complain  "  in 
Gray — "Force"  in  Selden — 'Guesses  at  Truth':  Con- 
tributors—"  During,"  "Notwithstanding,"  Ac.— C.  C. 
Babington — '  Scammel  "=  to  tread  on— Lieut.  Gordon 
Urquhart— J.  Raine,  c.  1783— "  Knipperdoling  " :  "Ninny- 
Broth,"  229— Punning  Book -Titles— D.  Johnson— B.  King 
— W.  Kingsley  — H.  Kirby  — C.  Knowles— 'La  Corre- 
spondance  Prive"e ' —  Paris  Barriers  —  Coull's  London 
Histories— Dr.  Price,  the  Druid— French  Coin,  230. 

REPLIES  :— Fives  Court,  St.  Martin's  Lane,  231— Maida— 
King  George  V.'s  Ancestors,  232— "  Cytel  "—Riming  His- 
tory of  England,  233— Board  of  Green  Cloth— Theses  by 
Secretary  Reid  —  London  Directories,  234  —  Stonehenge 
and  Merlin— "  Tea  and  turn  out  "—Wall  Churches,  235— 
"  Tout  comprendre  " — SS.  Bridget,  Gertrude,  and  Foillan, 
236—  "Caratch"— Military  and  Naval  Executions— Rev. 
P.  Gordon's  '  Geography,'  237 — Aynescombe — Thirteenth 
—Per  centum—"  Gifla  "  :  "  Faerpinga  "— "  Bombay  Duck," 
238  — The  Harmonists:  Philanthropic  Society  —  Bacon 
Family  — '  Pilgrim's  Progress '—  Langley  Hill  — "  Thy- 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS :— Mr.  Bass  Mullinger's  '  University 
of  Cambridge '— '  Notes  on  Sussex  Churches '— '  National 
Review.' 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


THE  REFUGEE  FAMILY  OF 
LA  MOTTE. 

THE  reference  at  10  S.  ix.  147,  'Origin  of 
some  London  Streets,'  to  the  house  of  De  la 
Motte  near  the  Exchange,  suggests  a  query 
as  to  the  nationality  of  this  name,  so  fre- 
quently to  be  met  with  in  East  Anglian 
pedigrees,  and  also  in  London.  I  have 
recently  been  much  interested  in  the  story 
of  a  refugee  family  of  De  la  Motte  who 
escaped  from  Tournai  in  France  at  the  time 
of  the  religious  persecutions  in  the  sixteenth 
century,  and  who  settled  at  Southampton. 
They  were  clothworkers,  and  manufacturers 
of  a  material  known  as  "  Hampton  serge," 
and  their  history,  and  that  of  the  various 
Huguenot  families  with  which  they  were 
connected,  is  told  in  a  very  interesting 
manner  by  the  registers  of  the  French 
Church  and  by  the  Court  Leet  records  of 
the  town. 


The  '  Registre  de  l'%lise  Wallonne  de 
Southamptonne  '  commences  in  1567,  and, 
besides  the  names  of  all  those  who  were 
admitted  into  "  la  Cene  "  and  who  made 
profession  of  their  faith,  it  contains  accounts 
(between  the  years  1568  and  1667)  of  all 

"  les  jeusnes  publics  qui  se  son  fectes  en  ceste 
eglise  centre  les  tamps  daflictions  selon  la  cous- 
tume  des  eglises  de  Dieu," 

which  is  practically  a  history  of  their  times, 
from  their  own  point  of  view,  told  in  exceed- 
ingly quaint  French.  The  earliest  Pasteur  at 
Southampton  appears  to  have  been  Maitre 
Wallerand  Theuelin,  a  native  of  Frelinghien, 
who  admitted  the  first  (recorded)  De  la  Motte 
on  6  January,  1577,  when  "  Pierre  maitre 
d'ecole "  made  profession  of  faith.  M. 
Theuelin,  who  also  admitted  his  own  wife, 
"  called  Elizabeth  le  Makieu,"  in  July,  1568, 
appears  to  have  laboured  most  devotedly 
at  the  time  of  the  visitation  of  the  plague, 
which  he  says 

"  broke  out  on  the  day  after  the  holding  of  'la 
St.  Cene,'  on  the  7th  of  July  [1583],  when  public 
prayers  were  appointed  to  be  said  every  evening 
at  five  o'clock,  to  make  petition  against  this 
epidemic." 

Also,  on  the  occasion  of  "le  jeusne  public," 
held  on  12  September  in  the  same  year, 
supplication  was  made 

"  on  behalf  of  the  churches  in  France,  menaced 
by  war  ;  and  for  those  of  Flanders,  troubled  by 
the  Spanish  ;  and  for  the  church  of  this  town, 
grievously  afflicted  by  the  plague,  by  which  some 
fifty  persons  of  this  congregation  have  already 
perished,  besides  four  hundred  in  the  town." 

The   Cene   held   on    6    September    (1584) 
was  to  be  the  last  of  this  good  Pasteur, 
"  who  was  taken  ill  the  next  day,  and  who  died 
on  the  13th  between  five  and  six  of  the  clock  at 
night,  and  was  buried  on  the  following  day." 

His  successor  was  Phillippe  de  la  Motte, 
a  native  of  Tournai,  whose  wife  appears  to 
have  been  the  fourth  person  whom  he 
buried  at  Southampton  : — 

"  JeuneMassis,  femme  de  Phillippe  de  la  Motte, 
Ministre  de  la  parole  de  Dieu,  February  2nd, 
1586." 

Jacques  Massis,  father  of  the  said  Jeune, 
was  buried  14  March. 

On  16  November  of  the  same  year  is  the 
entry  of  the  marriage  of 

"  Phillippe  de  la  Motte,  widower,  native  of  Tour- 
nai, and  Judith  Des  Maistres,  spinster  of  Armen- 
tieres,  with  the  consent  of  her  parents." 

She  made  her  profession  of  faith  on  the 
1st  of  July,  1582,  at  Southampton,  as 
"  Judicht  Des  Maistres,  jeune  fille,  chez 
Montonniers,"  at  which  time  she  must  have 
been  very  young,  for  she  long  survived  her 
husband.  She  died  in  1640,  having  had 


222 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s.  iv.  SEPT.  ie,  ion. 


no  fewer  than  thirteen  of  her  children 
baptized  at  his  church. 

The  names  of  Tournai  and  of  Armentieres 
here  acquire  additional  interest  in  the  light 
of  the  late  Mr.  W.  J.  C.  Moens's  '  Walloons 
and  their  Church  at  Norwich,'  p.  4  (Huguenot 
Society,  1888),  in  which  he  says: — 

"  The  Flemings  and  Walloons came  for  the 

greater  part  from  West  Flanders ....  bringing  with 
them  so  many  industries  before  almost  unknown 

in  this  country Bailleul,  Cassell,  Bergues, 

and  Bourboug,  were  the  four  Chatellenies  whence 
they  chiefly  came."  Again:  "  Flanders,  formerly 
a  province  of  France,  was  ceded  absolutely  to  the 
Emperor  Charles  the  Fifth  in  August,  1529,  more 
than  half  the  population  being  of  the  reformed 
religion,  openly  or  secretly."  Also:  "Philip 
the  Second ordered  the  repression  of  this  so- 
called  heresy." 

The  people  saw  in  the  presence  of  the 
Spanish  troops  a  menace  against  their 
liberty,  and  there  was  no  one  who  would 
not  die  to  defend  it.  In  the  month  of 
October,  1561,  a  French  minister  set  himself 
up  to  preach  in  the  market -place  of  Tournai, 
and  the  whole  town  soon  resounded  with 
the  chant  of  the  Psalm  "a  la  Calvin." 
At  Valenciennes  the  same  took  place  at 
night,  and  armed  bands  of  men  collected 
to  set  free  the  prisoners  who  had  been  arrested 
by  the  authorities. 

In  the  last  days  of  May,  1566,  the  preach- 
ings commenced  at  Bondnes,  near  Tournai. 
Three  or  four  thousand  people  were  collected 
together  to  hear  the  minister,  who  was  a 
Frenchman,  the  chief  people  and  ladies 
of  Tournai  being  among  the  crowd.  The 
women  were  seated ;  behind  them  were 
ranged  the  men,  holding  their  halberds  and 
swords  raised. 

There  were  other  preachings  near  Valen- 
ciennes, Armentieres,  and  Warneton,  fol- 
lowed by  hangings,  burnings,  and  the 
wheel,  all  of  which  forms  a  dramatic  back- 
ground for  a  little  scene  which  took  place 
outside  the  walls  of  Southampton  in  1591, 
when,  according  to  the  record  of  Maitre 
Phillippe  de  la  Motte, 

"  La  Serenissime  Elizabeth,  Queen  of  England, 
came  to  Southamptonne  on  the  4th  of  September 
with  a  Great  Court,  and  departed  on  the  seventh 
of  the  same  month  about  midday.  And  as  she 
came  without  the  town,  we,  who  had  been  unable 
to  gain  access  to  her  presence  before,  approached 
her  person  and  gave  her  thanks  for  the  twenty- 
four  years  which  we  have  passed  in  unity  in 
this  town,  under  the  benign  clemency  of  her  pro- 
tection (under  God),  in  all  tranquillity  and  peace. 
To  which  the  Queen  graciously  replied,  thanking 
God  that  He  had  given  her  power  to  help  and 
succour  the  poor  strangers  whose  prayers,  she  was 
confident,  had  helped  her." 

The  family  of  Des  Maistres,  from  Armen- 
tieres and  "la  Chastilenie  de  1'Isle,"  were 


also  clothworkers.  Of  these  were  Baltasar 
Des  Mestres  (made  profession  of  faith  1574)  ; 
Judith  (Madame  la  Motte),  profession  1582 ; 
and  Marie,  profession  1584.  The  latter  was 
married  at  Southampton  on  12  November 
to  "Robert  le  Page  de  Fecan  en  Caux" 
(their  children  were  Rachael,  Pierre,  and 
Susanne  le  Page,  baptised  respectively  in 
1598,  1600,  and  1603). 

Baltasar  was  buried  on  20  April,  1605, 
and  his  daughter  Elizabeth  (baptized  at 
Southampton  1579,  and  made  profession 

7  March,  1596),  was  married  on  18  July,  1604, 
to  Timothee  Blier,  Ministre  du  St.  Evangle, 
and  a  native  of  Rouen.     Their  children  were 
Phillippe,  baptized  1605,  Jacques  1607,  and 
Timothee  Blier  1609. 

The  first  baptismal  entry  of  the  De  la 
Motte  children  was  on  11  March,  1589  : — 

"  Judith,  daughter  of  Phillippe  de  la  Motte, 
minister  of  God's  word,  sponsor  Baltasar  Des- 
Mestres." 

This  child  was  followed  by  twelve  others,  in- 
cluding Jane  (1591),  Phillippe  (1592),  Marie 
(1594),  Jan  (1597,  obit.  1601),  Daniel  (1598), 
Abigail  (1600),  Josept  (11  Aug.,  1602), 
Jacques  (1603,  obit.  Sept.,  1603).  On 

8  February  of    1603    special   prayers   were 
ordered  to  be  made  publicly  in  this  church 
"against  the  contagious  disease  now  menacing 
us,  two  or  three  of  our  congregation  having 
already  fallen  victims."     This  was  followed 
by    the    announcement    on    11    July,    1604, 
that  "  the  pestilence  is  now  in  the  midst  of 
the   republic   of  this   church."     There   is   a 
note  to  say  that  all  who  could  do  so  left 
the  town.     The  De  la  Mottes  appear  to  have 
gone    to    Eling,    and    the    register    of    that 
church    for     1604    shows    the    baptism    of 
"Martha,  daughter  of  Phillippe  de  la  Motte, 
Minister   of    the   French  Church."      On   16 
January,   1605,  the  Walloons  had  a  service 
called  an    "  Action   de  graces  publiques  et 
Solennelles,"  that    it  had    pleased    God  -to 
arrest    the    plague,    both    in    this    republic 
and  also  in  the  town.      Then  in  1606  came 
a  daughter,  Anne,  to  the  Pasteur  and  his 
wife  ;    followed  in  August,   1608,  by  a  son, 
Mathew.     This     large     family     occupied     a 
house  in  Bull  Street,  where  they  carried  on 
their  dyeing  operations,  as  appears   by  the 
complaints    presented    at    the    Court    Leets 
for  1615-16:— 

"  the  servants  of  Mr.  Phillip  de  la  Motte  doe  caste 
their  woad  and  dyenge  water  out  of  the  dye 
house  in  the  back  part  of  Bull  Streeth,  which 
is  most  unseemlie  and  causeth  unsavorie  smells  to 
the  people  passing  bye,  and  therefore  not  suffer- 
able." 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  16,  ion.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


223 


Also,  there  is  a  complaint  as  to 
"  refuse  behind  La  Motte's  stable  door,  and  three 
heaps  in  Bull  Street.    Fined  four  pence,  and  to  be 
removed  by  midsummer  next  on  pain  of  twelve 
pence." 

The  widow  Des  Mestres  was  also  reported 
in  1611  to  have  "a  decayed  house  at  the 
south  end  next  the  street,  which  is  ready 
to  fall  down"  ('Court  Leet  Records,' 
Southampton  Record  Society,  vol.  i.  part  ii.). 

In  1604  a  complaint  was  also  presented  as 
to  the  trading  of  foreigners  : — 

"  The  comon  complaints  and  grievaunce  of 
Shoppkeepers  of  this  towne,  namely,  Lynnen 
drapers,  woolen  drapers,  grocers,  and  other  men 
of  trade  of  like  qualitie,  against  the  too  muche 
Libertie  w°h  the  frenchmen  and  aliens  heere 
resident  have  and  doe  enjoye  as  well  as  in  buy- 
enge  and  sellinge,  barteringe  and  exchaunge, 
Hath  eftsones  mooved  us  as  Sworne  men  to  the 
state  of  the  Towne  To  present  and  comende 
the  same  to  your  advised  good  consideracons, 
beinge  well  knowne  to  some  of  our  companie, 
That  Mr.  Lamote,  peter  Legayr,  Estien  Latalas, 
John  Hersaunt,  Baltaster  demastre,  and  Robert, 
Lepage,  doe  daylie  and  weeklye,  as  well  as  in 
Grosse  as  retayle,  sell  to  the  people  both  of  the 
town  and  countrie  in  there  howses  divers  sorts 
of  Lynnen  and  wollen  cloth  and  grocery  ware 
at  there  pleasures  as  freelie  as  any  Burgess 
amongst  us.... We  further  desire  they  may  be 
strictly  warned ....  and  that  there  Lynnen 
clothe  that  they  bringe  it  to  the  Lynnen  hall 
there  to  sell  the  same  according  to  the  order  of 
the  town  and  not  otherwise  upon  peine  of  20s.  a 
piece  for  everie  tune  they  shall  doe  to  the  con- 
trarie." 

In  this  church's  register  of  burial  is  a 
note  that 

"  Phillippe  de  la  Motte,  Minister  of  God's  Word 
of  famous  memory,  deceased  on  the  sixth  day  of 
May,  1617,  and  was  buried  on  the  18th,  being 
followed  to  the  grave  by  all  the  magistrates  of  the 
town." 

Judith,  the  widow,  and  her  son  Jan 
appear  to  have  carried  on  the  business,  for 
according  to  the  'Books  of  Examinations 
and  Depositions  made  before  the  Justices  of 
Southampton'  on  the  18th  of  August,  1624, 
Jean  de  la  Motte  (examined)  exposed  that 
"they  dyed  all  their  serges  within  the 
dwelling  house  of  the  said  Judith." 

Mr.  F.  W.  Camneld,  in  an  article  contri- 
buted to  the  Hampshire  Field  Club  Papers 
(vol.  v.  1906),  entitled  '  The  Maritime  Trade 
of  Southampton  in  the  Seventeenth  Century, 
says  that  "  a  worsted  cloth  called  Hampton 
serge  was  introduced  and  manufactured  by 
the  Walloons,"  and  that  on  one  occasion 
the  ship  transporting  these  bales  of  serge 
to  La  Rochelle,  in  France,  was  taken  by  ,a 
Spanish  man-of-war,  and  the  traders  lost 
their  goods. 

The  burial  of  Judith,  widow  of  Phillippe 
de  la  Motte,  minister  of  this  church,  took 


ilace  on  18  August,  1640,  when  she  wa& 
nterred  "  dedans  le  tombeau  de  1'Eglise 
de  St.  Jean."  Of  all  their  children,  Joseph 
de  la  Motte  (buried  beside  her  on  28  March, 
L672)  alone  appears  in  the  later  registers  of 
;he  French  Church,  of  which  he  was  an 
Elder  ;  and  after  its  rites  there  buried  his 
e,  Jacamaga,  on  15  August,  1644.  Of 
lis  daughters,  Anne  was  married  ther& 
n  September,  1669,  to  Jean  Ralens  ;  Judith 
married  Elie  de  Gruchy  of  Jersey,  in  Febru- 
ary of  the  same  year ;  and  Elizabeth 
married  Cornelius  Matcham.  This  family 
of  Macham  (sic)  were  of  St.  Noets,  Cornwall, 
whence  Thomas,  settling  in  Southampton, 
married  Patience,  daughter  of  Richard 
Dornellius,  merchant  of  i  that  town.  By  her 
le  was  father  of  Cornellius  Macham,  of  the 
Darishof  St.  Lawrence  (buried  at  Holy  Rood, 
Southampton,  25  December,  1693).  He 
married  Elizabeth  de  la  Motte,  buried  beside 
lim  30  September,  1706.  It  was  from  the 
elder  brother  of  the  St.  Noets  family  that 
descended  Mr.  George  Matcham  (sic)  who 
was  married  at  Bath  on  26  February,  1787, 
:o  Catherine,  youngest  daughter  of  the 
Rev.  Edmund  Nelson  of  Burnham  Thorpe, 
Norfolk,  the  "  Kitty  "  of  the  letters  of  her 
illustrious  brother  Horatio  Nelson. 

F.  H.  SUCKLING- 


'  THE     CONCISE     OXFORD 
DICTIONARY.' 

SARAH  HUGGINS  is  a  good  plain  cook; 
she  cannot  boil  potatoes,  burns  her  sauces, 
fries  indifferently,  makes  heavy  pastry  and 
cakes,  and  does  not  attempt  entrees  ;  but 
I  can  recommend  her  as  a  reliable  cook." 
The  character  you  give  '  The  Concise  Oxford 
Dictionary  '  in  your  number  of  26  August  is 
so  much  on  these  well-known  lines,  the 
damnatory  details  bulk  so  large  beside  the 
general  commendation,  that  your  readers 
will  be  puzzled  unless  you  allow  us  to  answer 
the  questions  in  which  you  "  criticize  the 
judgment  with  which  the  collaborators  have 
done  their  part." 

1.  "  Only  '  current >}  words  are  admitted  ; 
yet  we  find  foreign  words,  like  chapeau- 
bras,  voe,  and  Zeitgeist,  to  the  exclusion  of 
Biblical  and  Shakespearian  words  like 
neese,  tache,  and  mobled.  Why  not  these- 
as  well  as  Milton's  scrannel,  which  does  find 
a  place,  and  the  Mahound  of  old  plays,  and 
niddering?"  It  is  perhaps  a  sufficient 
justification  of  our  omitting  neeze,  tache,  and 
mobled,  and  including  scrannel,  Mahound^ 
and  niddering,  to  state  the  '  N.E.D.'s " 


224 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  IB,  wn. 


•characterization  of  each ;  these  we  give 
in  quotation  marks,  merely  writing  abbre- 
viations in  full ;  the  remarks  in  brackets 
.are  ours.  Neeze  is  "  now  northern  dialect 
and  Scotch  "  (we  add  that  its  use  in  the 
A.V.  and  Shakspere  seems  to  be  limited 
to  the  two  passages  in  Job  and  '  Mid- 
summer Night's  Dream'  not  in  'N.E.D.')  ; 
.tache  is  "  obsolete  or  archaic  "  (not  in  Shak- 
:spere  ;  in  the  A.V.  only  among  the  technical 
details  of  the  Tabernacle  in  Exodus)  ; 
mobled  is  "  obsolete  except  in  dialect " 
(used  by  Shakspere  in  one  passage,  to  be 
ridiculed).  Of  the  opposed  list,  scrannel 
is  not  called  either  obsolete  or  archaic,  and 
the  remark  "  now  chiefly  as  a  reminiscence 
of  Milton's  use  "  implies  both  that  it  has 
still  some  currency  and  that  the  Milton  line 
is  familiar  (Browning,  Mr.  Austin  Dobson, 
and  Carlyle  all  use  the  word)  ;  Mahound  is 
"  now  only  archaic  "  (we  give  it  for  the  reason 
that  it  is  common  in  historical  novels,  and 
may  be  met  also  as  a  facetious  archaic 
•  ornament)  ;  niddering  is  not  called  obsolete 
or  archaic,  and  the  remark  "  the  modern 
currency  of  the  word  is  due  to  Scott " 
;  again  implies  a  certain  currency  (our  special 
reason  for  including  it  is  that  all  schoolboys 
learn  how  William  I.  drew  Anglo-Saxons 
to  his  standard  by  applying  this  epithet 
to  the  laggards).  Of  the  other  set  of  words 
that  your  critic  would  wish  away  unless 
neese  and  tache  and  mobled  are  admitted, 
chapeau-bras  has  a  historical-novel  currency, 
voe  a  travel-book  currency,  and  Zeitgeist 
a  newspaper  currency. 

It  comes  to  this  :  your  critic's  real  griev- 
ance is  that  we  have  made  a  dictionary  of 
current  English  instead  of  a  complete  English 
dictionary.  We  willingly  admit  that  all 
English  is  better  than  current  English  ;  but 
current  English  is  on  our  title-page.  And 
have  you  considered  what  the  difference 
in  bulk  would  amount  to  ?  It  would  be 
the  merest  absurdity  (except  perhaps  for 
advertising  purposes)  to  give  all  the  Shak- 
sperian  obsolete  words  like  neeze,  and  the 
Biblical  obsolete  words  like  tache.,  unless 
the  Shaksperian  and  Biblical  obsolete  senses 
of  still  current  words  were  also  given  ; 
and  the  obsolete  words  are  a  drop  in  the 
•ocean  of  obsolete  senses. 

2.  "If  vulgar  words  are  recognized,  why 
do  we  look  in  vain  for  cabbage,  to  pilfer, 
and  razzle-dazzle,  the  showman's  merry-go- 
round  ?  " 

The  latest  *  N.E.D.'  quotations  of  cabbage 
in  the  slang  senses  pilfer  and  crib,  being 
respectively  38  and  49  years  old,  confirm 
our  impression  that  it  is  represented  in 


current  slang  only  by  its  derivative  cab,  in 
the  etymology  of  which  we  accordingly  refer 
to  cabbage  as  archaic.  Razzle-dazzle  may  be 
current  in  the  sense  named,  but  we  have 
never  heard  it,  and  the  '  N.E.D.'  has  only 
one  quotation. 

3.  "  Why    should    bridge,    the    game    of 
cards,  bean-feast,  and  nincompoop  be  queried 
as  of  unknown  origin  ?  " 

Bridge  is  queried  because  nothing  is  said 
of  its  etymology  either  in  the  '  N.E.D.' 
(vol.  i., published  before  the  word  was  current) 
or  in  any  of  our  other  authorities  (Skeat, 
the  'Century,'  the  'Standard,'  &c.),  and 
because  we  could  find  no  confirmation  of 
the  etymology  given  in  some  small  dic- 
tionaries. Bean-feast  is  queried  because 
the  '  N.E.D.'  records  three  entirely  different 
accounts  of  its  origin,  and  authorizes  none 
of  them.  Nincompoop  is  queried  because 
the  '  N.E.D.'  declares  its  origin  to  be  obscure. 

4.  "  Was  the  original  meaning  of  catacomb 
(cata-kumbas)  '  at  the  boats '  ?     The  '  N.E.D.' 
does  not  commit  itself  to  such  a  statement." 

Nor  do  we. 

5.  "Is  misty,  used  of  undefined  opinions, 
identical  with  misty  (nebulosus)  ?  " 

According  to  the  '  N.E.D.'  (and  our  other 
authorities),  it  is  ;  and  with  hazy  and  foggy 
to  illustrate  a  figurative  use  already  too 
obvious  to  require  illustration,  we  see  no 
reason  to  invoke  the  obsolete  variant  of 
mystic,  which  is  the  only  other  misty  recorded 
in  the  '  N.E.D.' 

H.  W.  AND  F.  G.  FOWLER. 

[We  think  the  authors  have  distinctly  under- 
rated the  definite  terms  of  praise  in  which  we 
mentioned  their  work.  We  said  we  were  *'  most 
grateful"  for  it,  and  that  sentiment  is  a  good  way 
off  damning  it  with  faint  praise.  "Mobled"  in 
Shakespeare  need  not  be  ridiculed.] 


LORDS    KILMARNOCK   AND    BAL- 
MERINO  :    THEIR  FUNERAL. 

THE  bought  ledger  of  an  undertaker  in 
business  at  Fleet  Market,  1745-7,  has 
recently  come  into  my  possession.  Some 
entries  are  worth  transcribing. 

Amongst  the  purchases  from  Mr.  Nowell, 
coffin-plate  maker,  in  1746,  were  : — 
Aug.   18.     Doub(le)   Lead  pl(ate)  3  p(ai)r 

flo(were)d  gilt  (plates)  Kilmarnock    .      13     0 

7  Coronets  gilt       . .  Kilmarnock    .      10     6 

5  doz.  drops  . .  . .  . .  .        42 

Aug.  16.     Doub.  lead.  pi.  3  pr.  small  flo'd. 

Gilt            . .           . .      Balmarino          .      13     0 
7  Lords'  Coronets  Gilt 10     6 

6  doz'n  Drops  gilt  . .  . .  .        42 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  16,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


225 


There  was  bought  of  Mr.  Gladman, 
coffin-maker,  in  the  same  year  : — 
Aug.  16.  A  6  ft.  3,  17  by  21,  Sing.  Close- 
Nailed  Lid  . .  Lord  Balmerino  . .  15  0 
A  6  ft.  3,  16  by  20 . .  Earl  Kilmarnock  . .  14  0 
The  other  purchases  on  or  about  this  date, 
of  gloves,  nails,  candles,  scarves,  hoods, 
palls,  &c.,  are  not  identified,  and  the  pay- 
ments for  horse  hire,  and  "  soldering  up  the 
body  "  do  not  include  these  two  funerals  ; 
but  amongst  the  charges  incurred  with  Mr. 
John  Lodington  for  hire  of  plumes  is  the 
following  : — 

1746,  July  12.     For  the  use  of  15  Plu(mes) 
Black      Ost(rich)      Feathers,      Lovett 

(?  Lovat)  £150 

The  date  Aug.  16,  occurring  twice  in  these 
entries,  is  correct,  as  the  purchases  would  be 
made  a  few  days  before  the  coffins  and  their 
appurtenances  were  required.  The  Lovett 
or  Lovat  entry  is  very  doubtful.  The  date 
does  not  admit  of  its  being  connected  with 
the  execution  of  Simon,  Lord  Fraser  of  Lovat, 
which  did  not  take  place  until  the  following 
April.  D.  C.  Bell  ('The  Chapel  in  the 
Tower,'  p.  323)  quotes  a  letter  from  the 
Duke  of  Newcastle  to  the  commanding 
officer  of  the  Tower,  beginning  "  Mr.  Steven- 
son, the  undertaker,  in  whose  custody  the 
body  of  Lord  Lovat  now  remains."  There 
is  a  remote  suggestion  in  this  that  the 
account-book  before  me  is  that  of  Stevenson. 
I  have  searched  diligently  amongst  all 
the  entries  for  further  details  relating  to  the 
funerals,  but  without  success,  and  I  am 
much  disappointed  that  no  expense  was 
incurred  with  "  Mr.  Ware,  Herald  Painter," 
for  "  an  atchievment "  (sic),  or  "  silk 
escoutcheons "  (sic),  or  "  banners,  shields, 
and  long  pencils." 

The  rediscovery  of  the  three  coffins  is, 
I  believe,  first  recorded  in  Wilkinson's 
'Londina  Illustrata '  (circa  1817).  The 
plates  are  now  exhibited  on  the  west  wall 
of  the  chapel.  ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 


COL.  NEWCOME'S  DEATH. — There  is  an 
interesting  comparison  to  be  made  between 
the  death  of  the  old  trapper  as  related  in 
Fenimore  Cooper's  story  '  The  Prairie," 
and  the  pathetic  end  of  Col.  Newcome 
The  few  sentences  which  follow  I  give  fron 
Thackeray's  novel  *  The  Newcomes  '  : — 

"  At  the  usual  hour  the  chapel  bell  began  to  toll 
and  Thomas  Newcome's  hands  outside  the  bed 
feebly  beat  time.  And  just  as  the  last  bell  struck 
a  peculiar  sweet  smile  shone  over  his  face,  and  he 
lifted  up  his  head  a  little,  and  quickly  said 
'  Adsum,'  and  fell  back.  It  was  the  word  we  used 
at  school,  when  names  were  called ;  and  lo,  he,  whos 


leart  was  as  that  of  a  little  child,  had  answered 
o  his  name,  and  stood  in  the  presence  of  The 

Master." 

The  death  of  the  old  trapper  is  thus  described! 
n  Cooper's  *  Prairie,'  which  was  published 

a  quarter  of  a  century  earlier  : — 

The  old  man,  supported  on  either  side  by  his 
riends,  rose  upright  to  his  feet.  For  a  moment 
le  looked  about  him,  as  if  to  invite  all  in  presence 
o  listen  (the  lingering  remnant  of  human  frailty), 
ind  then,  with  a  fine  military  elevation  of  the  head, 
md  with  a  voice  that  might  be  heard  in  every  part 
f  that  numerous  assembly,  he  pronounced  the 

word 'Here!'" 

GEORGE  WHERRY. 
Cambridge. 

A  FIGMENT  ABOUT  JOHN  BALLIOL. — 
There  is  a  danger  that  the  fame  of  the 
bunder  of  Balliol  College  should  suffer  from 
an  altogether  imaginary  scandal.  In  The 

hurch    Quarterly  Review  for  last  July,    at 
p.  373,  it  is  said  that 

;John  de  Balliol was  once  on  a  time  very 

drunk,  in  a  manner  most  unbecoming  his  station  in 
ife,  and  in  his  madness  he  put  a  grave  insult  on- 
my  Lord  the  Bishop  of  Durham." 
The  source  of  the  story  is  an  account  of 
Bishop  Chirkham  of  Durham  given  in  the* 

Lanercost  Chronicle  '  under  1260.  It  runs- 
as  follows  : — 

"Contigit   enim    baronem    suse    diocesis,    totius- 

nglice  noniinatissimum,  cervicisse  contra  hones- 
tatem  sui  gradus,  et  ecclesise  reverentiam  almd 
perperam  commisisse." 

Manifestly  sui  refers  not  to  Balliol,  but  to 
the  bishop  ;  and  equally  manifestly  the 
construction  requires  the  omission  of  the 
comma  after  gradus.  But  this  being  so,  it 
follows  that  cervicisse  and  commisisse  cannot 
stand  together  in  a  single  clause  ;  and  we 
may  assume  with  confidence  that  the  editor 
or  transcriber  wrote  cervicisse  by  mistake 
for  cervicose,  "  in  a  stiff-necked  manner." 
The  text  then  will  read  : — 

"Contigit  enim  baronem  suse  diocesis cervicosfr 

contra  honestatem  sui  gradus  et  ecclesiae  reveren- 
tiam aliud  perperam  commisisse." 

But  even  if  the  reading  of  the  printed 
edition  were  correct,  cervicio  (a  verb  other- 
wise unknown)  would  mean  "  to  behave  in 
a  stiff-necked  manner,"  and  could  not 
possibly  come  from  cervisia,  "beer."  The 
mistranslation  seems  first  to  appear  in  the 
Baroness  de  Paravicini's  '  Early  History  of 
Balliol  College'  (1891),  p.  46,  where  the 
founder  is  said  to  have  "  gotten  himself 
drunk  with  beer,  quite  contrary  to  the  fair 
esteem  beseeming  his  rank  "  ;  but  it  must 
not  be  charged  to  the  author,  who  expressly 
says  that  she  owes  her  translations  to  the 
kindness  of  friends.  C.  A. 


226 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  iv.  SEPT.  IG,  ion. 


DAVID  HUME'S  GRAVE. — I  gathered  from 
Huxley's  monograph  on  Hume  ("  English 
Men  of  Letters")  that  the  memorial  which 
marks  his  grave  was  of  a  simple  character, 
and  the  inscription  thereon  as  brief  as  pos- 
sible. On  p.  44  the  Professor  writes  as 
follows  : — 

"  Faithful  to  the  last  to  that  profound  veracity 
which  was  the  secret  of  his  philosophic  greatness, 
he  ordered  that  the  simple  Roman  tomb  which 
marks  his  grave  should  bear  no  inscription  but 

David  Hume 
Born  1711.     Died  1776. 
Leaving  it  to  posterity  to  add  the  rest." 
In    the    absence    of    further    particulars    I 
assumed  that  this    "order"    was   faithfully 
observed. 

From  the  volume  of  The  Leisure  Hour 
for  1865  (pp.  87-90)  I  learn  that  Hume's 
grave  is  marked  by  a  huge  mausoleum  not 
unlike  a  martello  tower,  standing  in  the 
cemetery  on  the  south-west  flank  of  Calton 
Hill,  Edinburgh.  Over  the  door  is  in- 
scribed 

David  Hume 

Born  April  26th  1711     Died  August  25th  1776 
Erected  in  memory  of  him 

in  1778. 

In  an  alcove  above  this  inscription  is  an 
urn  bearing  the  following  inscription  to  the 
memory  of  the  wife  of  Hume's  nephew  : — 

Jane  Alder 

feminse  benigna3  optimse 
uxori  suavissimse 

hanc  urnam 
felicis  conjugii  memor 

posuit 

David  Hume 

A.D.  MDCCCXVII 

Behold  I  come  quickly. 

Thanks  be  to  God  which 

giveth  us  the  victory  through 

our  Lord  Jesus  Christ. 

On  a  tablet  in  the  interior  of  the  building 
is  the  following  to  the  memory  of  Hume's 
nephew  and  his  sons  and  daughter  : — 


I  am  the  Resurrection  and  the  Life. 

St.  John  xvi.  25. 
Sacred  to  the  memory  of 
the  Honble  David  Hume 

of  Ninewells 
one  of  the  Barons  of  Exchequer 

and  of  his  sons 

John,  David  and  Joseph 

who  lie  buried  here. 

Miss  Elizabeth  Hume 

Died  16th  Nov.   1848 

Erected  1840. 

Do     these     particulars     concerning     David 
Hume's  resting-place  still  hold  good  ? 

JOHN  T.   PAGE. 


SIGNS  OF  OLD  LONDON.  (See  11  S.  i. 
402,  465  ;  ii.  323  ;  iii.  64,  426.) — The  sub- 
joined list  of  London  signs,  &c.,  of  the  Com- 
monwealth period  is  compiled  from  the 
account  of  rentals  and  surveys  set  out  in  the 
'  Lists  and  Indexes '  at  vol.  xxv.  pp.  209-14  : 
Bayley's  Place,  adjoining  the  Victualling  House 

in  St.  Botolph,  Aldgate. 
Mermaid  Tavern,  and  Crown  (tenement),  Charing 

Cross. 
Fry  ing -Pan,    Nag's    Head,    and    Glovers'    Arms 

(messuages),  Clerk  en  well. 
Half  Moon,  Collery  Row,  Stepney. 
Quest  House  (tenement),  parish  of  St.  Andrew, 

Holborn. 

Unicorn  (inn),  St.  John  Street,  Clerkenwell. 
Hare  and  Hound  (tenement),  ditto. 
The   Conduit,   and   Conduit   Head,   King   Street, 

Westminster. 
King's  Slaughter-House,  Millbank,  St.  Margaret's , 

Westminster. 

Stone  Tower,  New  Palace  Yard,  ditto. 
Bear    Tavern,    and   Black-a-Moor's    Head,    same 

locality. 

Star-Chamber  House,  and  Ship  Tavern,  ditto. 
Stone  Gatehouse  (tenement),  parish  of  St.  Mar- 
garet, Westminster. 
Three  Bells  (tenement),  Strand. 
King's  Printing  House,  Thames  Street. 
"  Three  Flower  de  Luces,  in  the  Bound  Wool- 
staple,"  St.  Margaret's,  Westminster. 
Dog  Tavern,  New  Palace  Yard. 

No  London  topographer  who  undertakes 
any  research  can  afford  to  neglect  the  rich 
stores  of  material  available  in  the  P.R.O. 
WILLIAM  McMuRRAY. 

SIGNS  OF  OLD  COUNTRY  INNS. — In  reading 
recently  the  MS.  account  of  a  Border  gentle- 
man's ride  to  London  in  1715,  it  occurred 
to  me  that  it  would  be  worth  preserving  in 
'  N.  &  Q.'  the  many  signs  of  old  hostelries 
therein  mentioned.  They  are  now  given 
in  the  order  of  the  outward  journey  : — 

Newcastle,  Scots  Arms. 

Durham,  Griffin. 

Darlington,  White  Horse. 

Topcliff,  Angel. 

Leeds,  Rose  and  Crown. 

Doncaster,  White  Hart. 

Lincoln,  Angel. 

Sleaford,  Bose  and  Crown. 

Leecham,  Blue  Bell. 

Norwich,  Angel. 

Bramford,  White  Elm. 

Chelrnsf  ord,  Crown  and  Shears. 

Rumford,  Hare. 

London,  Swan  with  Two  Necks,  Lad  Lane. 

On  the  homeward  journey,  although  the 
different  stopping-places  are  mentioned,  the 
only  place  where  the  name  of  the  inn  is 
given  is  at  York,  where  it  was  "  The  Black 
Swan,"  situated  in  Coney  Street. 

J.  LINDSAY  HILSON. 

Public  Library,  Kelso. 


ii  B.  iv.  SEPT.  16,  ion.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


COLLEGE  FELLOWSHIP  SOLD  IN  1591. — 
The  acquittance  from  Leonard  Ithell,  late 
Fellow  of  Jesus  College,  Cambridge,  to 
Richard  Deeringe  of  Pluckley,  Kent,  for  151. , 
in  consideration  of  his  resignation  of  his 
fellowship  in  favour  of  George  Deeringe, 
B.A.,  12  Nov.,  1591,  is  contained  in  Add.  MS. 
34,195,  f.  8  (Brit.  Mus.). 

DANIEL  HIPWELL. 

BREDA  COCKNEYS. — 

"  To  the  font  in  Breda  cathedral  William  III. 
attached  the  privilege  of  London  citizenship. 
Any  child  christened  there  could  claim  the  rights 
of  a  Londoner,  the  origin  of  the  sanction  being 
the  presence  of  English  soldiers  in  Breda  and  their 
wish  that  their  children  should  be  English  too. 
Whether  or  not  the  Dutch  guards  who  were  helping 
the  English  at  the  end  of  the  seventeenth  century 
had  a  similar  privilege  in  London  I  do  not 
know." 

So  writes  '  A  Wanderer  in  Holland,'  Mr. 
E.  V.  Lucas  (p.  282).  ST.  SWITHIN. 

HOLED  BRIDAL  STONES.  (See  10  S.  ix. 
509;  x.  329.) — Angelo  Mosso,  'The  Dawn 
of  Mediterranean  Civilization '  (Fisher 
Unwin,  1910),  p.  234,  writes  :— 

"  An  aperture  in  the  stones  of  a  dolmen  is 
common  in  France  and  Syria  and  other  countries. 
We  do  not  know  the  reason  of  this  aperture  in 
the  dolmens  ;  possibly  it  indicates  a  belief  in  the 
soul,  and  was  to  enable  it  to  get  in  or  out  of  the 
tomb." 

There  is  such  a  hole  in  the  superincumbent 
slab  of  a  dolmen  at  Minervino,  Lecce,  in 
the  province  of  Otranto,  Italy.  Signer 
Mosso  reproduces  a  photograph  of  this 
dolmen,  though  it  does  not  show  the  hole 
in  the  stone,  which  apparently  can  only 
be  seen  from  above  or  below. 

Sir  Norman  Lockyer's  book,  '  Stone- 
henge  and  other  British  Stone  Monuments 
Astronomically  Considered '  (Macmillan  & 
Co.,  1906),  deals  with  the  purpose  of  the  hole 
which  is  perforated  through  some  of  the 
stones  of  our  "  ancient  monuments."  He 
is  of  opinion  that  it  was  used  as  a  sight-line, 
through  which  the  astronomer-priest  could 
view  the  sunrise  in  November  and  the  sunset 
in  May,  and  that  it  therefore  had  a  close 
connexion  with  early  seasonal  observations. 

The  connexion  of  these  holed  stones 
with  children  and  marriage  ceremonies 
would  be  a  secondary  one,  arising  from  the 
popular  belief  in  their  sacred  character. 
The  folk-lore  connected  with  these  prehistoric 
rude  stone  monuments  would  be  an  interest- 
ing study,  and  there  is  probably  much  on  the 
subject  hidden  away  in  archaeological  pub- 
lications. FREDK.  A.  EDWARDS. 


227 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  name's  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


REV.  DR.  OGILVIE,  BROTHER  OF  THE 
POET. — In  a  correspondence  which  I  am 
editing  there  is,  in  a  letter  from  England 
of  27  September,  1803,  this  statement : — 

"I  made  excursions  to  Egham,  Runny  Mead, 
and  Cooper's  Hill,  near  which  I  spent  two  days  in 
the  family  of  the  worthy  Dr.  Ogilvie,  a  brother  of 
the  poet."  ff  .  • 

Can  any  one  inform  me  what  ecclesiastical 
charge  or  prefermentlthis  Dr.  Ogilvie  held, 
or  give  me  any  definite  particulars  regarding 
his  life  ?  ARTHUR  LOWNDES. 

143,  East  37th  Street,  New  York. 

'  THE  MOTHER  AND  THREE  CAMPS,' 
'  GUARD  SALUTE,'  OR  *  THE  POINT  OF  WAR.' 
— There  is  an  old  and  well-known  piece  of 
military  music  which  is  played  by  the  fifes 
(1)  at  reveille,  (2)  when  trooping  the  colour, 
(3)  at  military  funerals  after  the  third  volley 
has  been  fired  over  the  grave.  For  each 
occasion  it  bears  a  different  name.  When 
played  at  reveille  it  is  called  '  The  Mother 
and  Three  Camps  '  ;  when  used  at  the  cere- 
mony of  trooping  the  colour  it  is  called 
'  Guard  Salute  '  ;  and  when  employed  at 
military  funerals  it  is  known  as  '  The  Point 
of  War.' 

Can  any  of  your  readers  assist  me  in 
assigning  a  date  to,  and  tracing  the  origin 
of,  the  music,  and  also  in  ascertaining  the 
meaning  of  the  names  and  why  there  should 
be  three  of  them  ?  C.  F.  SOMERVILLE. 

'  WINE  AND  WALNUTS  '  :  "  EPHRAIM 
HARDCASTLE." — Who  was  "  Ephraim  Hard- 
castle,  Citizen  and  Drysalter,"  who  wrote 
this  amusing  work,  first  published  in  1823  ? 
Was  Hardcastle  the  pen-name  of  W.  H. 
Pyne  ?  If  so,  where  can  I  obtain  par- 
ticulars of  his  life  ?  S.  J.  A.  F. 

['Wine  and  Walnuts'  was  written  by  W.  H. 
Pyne.  There  is  a  pretty  full  account  of  him  in  the 
'D.N.B.,'  contributed  by  Mr.  Lionel  Cust.] 

THE  CASTLE  HOWARD  MABUSE  :  Two 
DOGS. — This  masterpiece  of  Gossart  (known 
as  Maubeuge  or  Mabuse  after  the  town  of  his 
birth),  just  bought  for  the  nation  for 
40,OOOL,  and  now  on  view  at  the  National 
Gallery,  includes,  in  addition  to  the  many 
figures  in  it,  two  dogs.  They  are  rather  un- 
kempt and  scraggy,  long-legged,  and  unlike 


228 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  ie,  1911. 


any  breed  of  dogs  I  know  at  the  present  day- 
The  picture  was  painted  more  than  500  years 
ago,  and,  if  for  no  other  reason,  it  is  valuable 
as  showing  us  the  breed  of  dog  which  was 
then  popular.  Is  the  breed  extant  now, 
or  which  existing  breed  does  it  nearest 
approach  in  appearance  ? 

J.  HARRIS  STONE. 

THE  AMERICAN  NATIONAL  FLOWER. — 
What  is  this  ?  Inquiry  in  several  quarters 
has  failed  to  identify  it  ;  yet  in  the  appa- 
rently official  account  of  the  signing  on 
3  August,  at  the  White  House,  Washington, 
of  the  Arbitration  Treaty  between  Great 
Britain  and  the  United  States,  published 
in  the  press  here  on  4  August,  the  table  used 
for  the  purpose  is  described  as  having  on 
it  merely  copies  of  the  treaty,  an  inkstand, 
and  a  "  tall  vase  filled  with  a  golden  pod  of 
the  American  national,  flower."  What  was 
the  actual  flower  placed  in  this  vase  ? 

W.  S.  B.  H. 

[Some  London  papers  spoke  of  a  vase  filled  with 
"golden  rod,  the  American  national  flower."] 

PEERS  IMMORTALIZED  BY  PUBLIC-HOUSES. 
— Coming  up  in  the  train  the  other  day 
through  the  Borough,  I  noticed  the  legend 
"The  Earl  of  Beaconsfield  "  over  a  public- 
house.  This  induces  me  to  ask  how  many 
peers,  apart  from  purely  territorial  mention, 
have  been  immortalized  in  this  way.  One  is 
familiar  with  Marlborough,  Nelson,  Pitt, 
and  the  Marquis  of  Granby  ;  but,  doubtless, 
there  are  many  others.  N.  M. 

CHARLES  WATERTON'S  PAMPHLETS.  — 
Charles  Waterton,  the  traveller  and  natural- 
ist, who  wrote  several  interesting  books 
concerning  his  wanderings  and  also  on 
natural  history,  was  the  author  of  several 
pamphlets  on  local  matters  of  his  own  day. 
The  former  have  been  catalogued  in  '  The 
Bibliographer's  Manual  '  ;  the  latter,  so  far 
as  I  can  ascertain,  have  not  been  recorded, 
and  have  now  become  very  scarce.  If  any 
one  can  contribute  a  list  of  these  to  '  N.  &  Q.,' 
he  will  be  doing  a  great  service  to  the  lite- 
rature of  Yorkshire.  COM.  EBOR. 

COL.  SIR  J.  ABBOTT  :    '  CONSTANCE  '  AND 
ALLAOODEEN.'— Before     1893    two    books 
entitled       Constance '     and      '  Allaoodeen  ' 
probably    poems,    were    published,    written 
by  Col.  Sir  James  Abbott,  Bengal  Artillery 
There  is  no  copy  of  either  of  them  in  the 
British    Museum    or    India    Office    Library 
Information  is  desired  concerning  them. 
01  v  (Major)  J.  H.  LESLIE. 

31,  Kenwood  Park  Road,  Sheffield. 


MERIDIAN  OF  LONDON. — Where  in  London 
was  the  meridian  taken  to  be  ?  J.  Adams 
in  his  'Index  Villaris,'  1680,  gives  "the 
latitude  of  each  particular  place,  and  the 
respective  difference  of  longitude  eastward 
and  westward  from  London  "  ;  e.g.,  Green- 
wich, Greenwich  House,  and  Greenwich 
Mount,  are  given  as  of  latitude  51°  31'  and 
longitude  0°  04'  E. 

Was  there  any  building  in  London  which 
might  be  regarded  as  the  predecessor  of  the 
Greenwich  Observatory  ? 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

CORNISH  GENEALOGY  AND  THE  CIVIL  WAR. 
— I  shall  be  much  obliged  if  any  of  your 
readers  can  give  me  assistance  in  the  follow- 
ing matter. 

I  am  engaged  on  working  out  the  history 
of  a  family  of  the  small  landed  proprietor 
class,  established  in  the  north-eastern  corner 
of  Cornwall.  I  have  gone  through  the 
parish  registers  of  the  neighbourhood,  and 
have  obtained  therefrom  a  fairly  complete 
account  of  the  births,  marriages,  and  deaths 
in  the  family  from  the  date  at  which  the 
registers  begin  (about  the  middle  of  the 
sixteenth  century)  to  the  present  time. 
I  should  like  to  obtain  additional  informa- 
tion, but  do  not  know  where  to  look  for  it. 
For  example,  it  appears  almost  certain 
that  some  members  of  the  family  fought 
in  the  Cornish  army  under  Sir  Beville 
Granville  in  the  Civil  War.  Are  there  any 
lists  extant  of  the  officers  or  men  who  served 
in  this  army  ?  Or  are  there  any  other 
sources  from  which  information  relating 
to  such  a  family  is  likely  to  be  obtainable  ? 
DAVID  SHEARME. 
4,  Summerleaze,  Bude,  N.  Cornwall. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — 

1.  "Tranquillizing  influence"  of  the  green  earth 
(quoted  in  Stevenson's  '  Virginibus  Puerisque '). 

2.  The  "sanctimonious  ceremony"  of    marriage 
(ibid.). 

3.  Is  not  a  man's  walking,  in  truth,  always 

"a    succession    of   falls"?     (quoted    by    Carlyle, 
'  Heroes ' :  Mahomet). 

P.  C.  G. 

"  The  gods  never  give  with  both  hands,"  quoted 
by  Lady  Helen  Forbes  in  her  novel  *  The  Bounty 
of  the  Gods.' 

W.  A.  M. 

FRENCH  THEORIST  ON  LOVE. — Stevenson 
in  his  '  Virginibus  Puerisque '  writes  : — 

"  I  remember  an  anecdote  of  a  well-known  French 
theorist,  who  was  debating  a  point  eagerly  in  his 
cdnacle.  It  was  objected  against  him  that  he  had 
never  experienced  love.  Whereupon  he  rose,  left 
the  society,  and  made  it  a  point  not  to  return  to  it 


ii  s.  iv.  SKPT.  IB, 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


229 


until  he  considered  that  he  had  supplied  the  defect. 
'Now,'  he  remarked  on  entering,  'now  I  am  in  a 
position  to  continue  the  discussion.'" 

Who      was      this      "  well  -  known     French 


theorist  "  ? 


P.  C.  G. 


GBAY'S  '  DEATH  OF  RICHARD  WEST  '  : 
"  COMPLAIN." — In  the  Aldine  edition  of 
Gray's  '  Poems,'  p.  90,  we  read  : — 

To  warm  their  little  loves  the  birds  complain. 
Can  any  of  your  readers  suggest  a  meaning  ? 

J.  M. 

[The  birds  court  their  mates  by  singing  in 
springtime.  "  Complain "  we  take  to  be  a 
Latinism,  as  in  the  "Dulce  queruntur  aves"  of 
Ovid.] 

SELDEN'S  '  TABLE  TALK  '  :  "  FORCE." — 
In  Selden's  '  Table  Talk,'  under  the  heading 
'  Creed,'  what  is  meant  by  "  force  "  in  the 
second  line,  described  as  not  a  part  of  the 
Athanasian  Creed  ?  J.  M. 

'  GUESSES  AT  TRUTH  ' :  CONTRIBUTORS. 
— From  the  preface  to  '  Guesses  at  Truth  '  it 
would  appear  that  only  the  two  brothers 
Augustus  and  Julius  Hare  contributed  to 
the  making  of  them.  Yet  I  find  short, 
pithy,  dithyrambic  dicta  signed  "  T.," 
"  O.  L.,"  "  L.,"  and  one  or  two  longer  notes 
signed  "a,"  also  "A."  and  "  R."  Were 
there  other  contributors  ?  If  so,  who  were 
they  ?  How  was  the  work  originally  pro- 
duced ?  M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

Percy  House,  South  Hackney. 

"  DURING,"  "  NOTWITHSTANDING,"  &c. — 
I  wish  to  raise  a  point  of  grammar  which 
is  not  free  from  difficulty.  English  gram- 
marians usually  class  during  among  preposi- 
tions, and  notwithstanding  among  adverbs 
or  conjunctions.  In  each  case  the  word 
is  taken  immediately  from  the  Latin, 
through  the  law-books,  as  durante  bene- 
placito,  during  good  pleasure ;  durante 
viduitate,  during  widowhood;  non  obstante 
veredicto,  notwithstanding  the  verdict.  Now 
I  should  say  that,  when  a  word  is  thus 
literally  transferred,  it  cannot  change  its 
grammatical  character  in  the  act  of  transfer, 
and  therefore  that  during  and  notwithstanding 
furnish  instances  of  the  case  absolute, 
which  is  certainly  not  extinct. 

With  these  may  be  classed  except,  in  such 
sentences  as  Milton's 

God  and  his  son  except, 
Created  thing  not  valued  he,  nor  shunn'd  : 
that  is,   Deo  ac   Filio   exceptis  ;     and  Acts 
xxvi.    29,    "  except    these    bonds,"    exceptis 
vinculis  his.      Save    comes  within  the  same 
category,    as    in   the    phrase    salvo    contene- 
mento. 


If  it  be  urged  that  notwithstanding  some- 
times occurs  as  the  equivalent  of  never- 
theless,  the  answer  is  that  any  such  case 
involves  an  ellipsis. 

Perhaps  some  reader  who  has  made  a 
study  of  grammars  can  tell  us  who  intro- 
duced the  classification,  which  has  long  been 
popular.  RICHARD  H.  THORNTON. 

36,  Upper  Bedford  Place,  W.C. 

CHAS.  CARDALE  BABINGTON.  —  Are  any 
particulars  relating  to  his  birth  at  Ludlow 
given  in  the  'Memorials  of  Charles  Cardale 
Babington,'  published  in  1897  ? 

I  have  seen  the  notice  of  Babington 
in  the  Supplement  to  the  '  D.N.B.' 

J.  K. 

Brighton. 

"  SCAMMEL  "=  TO  TREAD  ON. — In  a  road 
at  Lustleigh,  on  the  borders  of  Dartmoor, 
a  snake  was  seen  wriggling  across,  when  an 
old  woman  called  loudly  to  a  lady  who  was 
passing,  "  Don't  'ee  scammel  tap  o'en." 

When  I  lived  at  Exminster,  the  farm 
carter  came  to  report  himself  for  not  going 
on  duty  one  morning.  He  hobbled  into  my 
office,  and  was  evidently  in  pain.  "  What 
is  the  matter,  Ponsford  ?  "  I  asked.  "  Oh, 
doctor,  th'  ole  mare  has  scammelled  'pon 
un,"  he  said,  referring  to  his  foot.  He  was 
a  native  of  Dunsford  on  the  Teign. 

What  is  the  derivation  of    this  word,  and 
is  it  used  in  any  other  county  than  Devon- 
shire ?  G.  SYMES  SAUNDERS,  M.D. 
5,  Burlington  Place,  Eastbourne. 

LIEUT.  C.  GORDON  URQUHART. — Could 
any  of  your  readers  tell  me  where  and  when 
Lieut.  Charles  Gordon  Urquhart  of  Braelang- 
well  was  married,  and  where  his  daughter 
Lilias  was  born  ?  C.  G.  Urquhart  was  a 
cornet  in  the  2nd  Dragoons  from  1811  to  1814; 
a  lieutenant  in  the  Rifle  Brigade  from  1814 
to  1822  ;  and  for  some  months  in  1823  he 
was  in  the  84th  Foot.  D.  W.  G. 

JOHN  RAINE,  c.  1783. — At  Edlingham, 
near  Alnwick,  on  16  September,  1783,  Mr. 
John  Raine  of  Gray's  Inn,  Middlesex, 
married  Mary  Baty,  daughter  of  the  vicar 
there,  by  licence.  Can  some  reader  give 
me  information  as  to  John  Raine' s  family 
and  career  ?  A.  CARRINGTON. 

Northam,  N.  Devon. 

"  KNIPPERDOLING  "  :  "  NINNY-BROTH  "  : 
'  HUDIBRAS  REDIVIVUS.' — What  may  be  the 
meaning  of  "  Knipperdoling,"  which  is  in 
a  line  from  *  Hudibras  Redivivus,'  a  pam- 
phlet published  in  1708  ?  Some  lines  later 


230 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       rn  s.  iv.  SEPT.  w,  1911. 


is  the  term   "  ninny-broth,"   which  is  sug- 
gestive of  a  meaning. 

This  '  Hudibras  Redivivus '  is  of  two 
cantos,  and  is  prefaced  by  "  An  Apology  "  to 
"  Fanaticks,  Dissenters,  Moderators,  Whigs, 
Low-Church-men,"  &c.  In  the  Preface  the 
author  says  that  he  intends  "  to  publish  it 
monthly,  if  I  am  not  disappointed."  Who 
was  the  author,  and  did  he  publish  monthly  ? 
THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

["  Knipperdoling  "  or  "  Knipperdolling  "  is  a 
synonym  i'or  a  religious  fanatic,  derived  from  a 
Miinster  Anabaptist  of  1533-5,  Bernhard  Knipper- 
dolling. The  'N.E.D.'  defines  "ninny-broth"  as 
coffee,  and  quotes  the  line  from  '  Hudibras 
Redivivus'  in  illustration.] 

PUNNING  BOOK-TITLES. — I  shall  be  glad 
if  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  will  tell  me  who 
was  the  author  of  punning  titles  for  sham 
books  in  a  library  (i.e.,  Hogg  on  Bacon),  and 
where  the  list  is  to  be  found.  Was  it 
Hood,  or  Hook,  or  Jerrold,  or  Lamb  ? 

L.  M.  R. 

rA  '  List  of  Imitation  Book-Backs'  was  made  by 
Dickens  for  Mr.  Eeles.  in  1851,  and  can  be  seen  in 
the  edition  of  his  '  Letters,'  published  by  Messrs. 
Macmillan,  1893,  or  in  the  "  National  Edition  "  of 
his  works,  vol.  xxxvii.,  pp.  279  and  280.  A  long 
list  of  sham  book-titles  by  Hood  will  be  found  at 
8  S.  i.  63,  229,  301.  For  other  lists  see  9  S  viii 
212;  ix.  384,432.] 

DTJKE  JOHNSON  was  admitted  to  West- 
minster School  in  July,  1726,  aged  11.  Par- 
ticulars of  his  parentage  and  career,  as  well 
as  the  date  of  his  death,  are  wanted. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

BEVINGTON  KING  was  admitted  to  West- 
minster School  in  October,  1730,  aged  10. 
I  should  be  glad  to  obtain  any  information 
about  him.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

WILLIAM  KINGSLEY  was  admitted  to 
Westminster  School  in  January,  1743/4, 
aged  8.  Can  any  correspondent  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
give  me  particulars  concerning  him  ? 

-  G.  F.  R.  B. 

HAMILTON  KIRBY,  according  to  Gent.  Maq 
for  1767,  p.  479,  died  at  Eltham  18  Septem- 
ber, 1767.  Particulars  of  his  parentage  and 
of  his  age  at  death  are  desired. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

CHARLES  KNOWLES  was  admitted  to  West- 
minster School  in  February,  1717/18,  aged  14 
Any  information  about  him  would  be  of  use' 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

'  LA  CORRESPOND ANCE  PRIVEE  '  is  stated 
to  have  been  a  paper  printed  in  London 
about  1822,  when  Chateaubriand  was  stayin^ 
here  as  ambassador  extraordinary.  Cf.  (f. 


Pailhes,  '  La  Duchesse  de  Duras  et  Chateau- 
briand '  (Paris,  1910),  p.  212.  No  trace  of  it 
can  be  found  in  the  British  Museum  Library 
Catalogue.  The  paper  is  referred  to  in  the 
correspondence  of  the  duchess  with  the 
ambassador.  Are  any  numbers,  if  not  whole 
files,  of  it  known  to  exist  ?  L.  L.  K. 

PARIS  BARRIERS. — These  barriers  were 
erected  by  Calonne,  in  order,  I  believe,  to 
secure  the  payment  of  the  octroi.  They  are 
mentioned  by  Thackeray  as  still  existing 
in  the  thirties.  When  were  they  removed  r' 

C.  J. 

THOMAS  COULL'S  LONDON  HISTORIES. — 
This  industrious  topographer,  printer,  and 
publisher  produced  an  interesting  series  of 
local  histories  in  pamphlet  form  between 
1861  and  1865.  'The  History  and  Tradi- 
tions of  St.  Pancras, '  1861, '  The  History  and 
Traditions  of  Holborn,  St.  Giles,  and  Blooms- 
bury,'  1863,  *  The  History  and  Traditions  of 
Islington,'  1864,  and  '  The  Illustrated  History 
and  Traditions  of  London,'  1865,  are  before 
me  ;  but  I  believe  he  also  issued  similar  works 
on  Marylebone  and  Clerkenwell.  I  should 
be  obliged  if  any  one  possessing  copies  would 
give  date  of  publication,  &c. 

The  London  work  was  to  be  issued  in 
sixpenny  parts,  but  apparently  only  one 
was  issued,  F.  Pitman  of  20,  Paternoster 
Row,  being  associated  with  Coull  Brothers 
of  156,  Gray's  Inn  Road,  as  publishers. 
Part  II.  was  promised  for  21  December, 
1865,  but  I  have  not  seen  a  copy. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

DR.  PRICE,  THE  DRUID. — Can  any  reader 
give  me  information  respecting  this  person, 
who,  I  believe,  attempted  to  revive  the 
Druidic  cult,  constituting  himself  "  High 
Priest  of  the  Sun"  ?  I  should  be  glad  to 
hear  of  any  publications  in  existence  by 
him  ;  and  also  to  know  whether  or  not  the 
movement  initiated  by  him  still  exists. 

E.  H.  C. 

FRENCH  COIN  WITH  OBVERSE  IMPRESSION 
ON  REVERSE. — I  have  a  five-franc  piece  on 
the  obverse  of  which  are  the  head  of  Napo- 
leon, the  inscription  NAPOLEON  EMPEREUR, 
and  under  the  head  the  monogram  of  (?) 
the  designer,  all  in  convex.  The  monogram 
is  perhaps  "  Tr."  On  the  cutting  of  the  neck 
in  very  small  letters  is  the  name  "  Brenet  " 
(?).  (All  of  this  is  exactly  what  appears 
on  the  obverse  of  a  five-franc  piece  of 
1808.)  On  the  reverse  the  obverse  im- 
pression is  reproduced  in  concave,  excepting 
that  only  part  of  "Brenet"  (?)  appears. 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  16,  ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


231 


How  would  such  an  error  in  stamping 
occur  ?  Are  there  many  like  coins  ?  The 
one  which  I  have  came  to  me  a  good  many 
years  ago  in  small  change.  I  kept  it 
as  a  curiosity.  I  once  asked  a  money- 
changer about  it ;  he  told  me  that  it  was 
good  as  money.  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 


FIVES   COURT,    ST.   MARTIN'S   LANE: 
TENNIS    COURT,    HAYMARKET. 
(11  S.  iv.  110,  155,  176.) 

FROM  COL.  PRIDEATJX'S  interesting  reply 
(ante,  p.  155)  we  learn  the  exact  site  of  the 
Fives  Court,  St.  Martin's  Lane.  It  was  near 
"  The  Horse  and  Dolphin "  public-house 
at  No.  25  (now  rebuilt),  called  sometimes  in 
sporting  parlance  "  The  Prad  and  Swimmer," 
a  favourite  haunt  of  "  the  Fancy."  We 
also  learn  that  the  Fives  Court  was  destroyed 
before  February,  1820  ;  and  apparently  the 
Tennis  Court  in  Windmill  Street  then  became 
an  arena  for  boxing.  Nothing  material, 
however,  has  been  said  about  the  Tennis 
Court,  Haymarket.  I  am  therefore  tempted 
to  add  a  few  words  on  this  subject. 

There  can,  I  think,  be  no  question  that 
the  building  near  the  south-west  end  of 
James  Street,  now  Orange  Street,  Hay- 
market,  is  the  one  referred  to  as  follows  by 
Phil  Porter,  in  verses  published  1682  : — 

Farewel,  my  dearest  Piccadilly, 
Notorious  for  good  dinners. 

Oh,  what  a  Tennis  Court  was  there  ! 
Alas  !  too  good  for  sinners  ! 

Two  views  of  this  tennis  court  are  before 
me.  The  one  in  "  Old  and  New  London,' 
vol.  iv.  p.  229,  had  been  drawn  when  it  was 
still  used  for  its  original  purpose,  which 
continued  until  some  time  in  1866.  A  com- 
parison of  this  with  photograph  112,  issued 
in  1886  by  the  Society  for  Photographing 
Relics  of  Old  London,  shows  the  alterations 
which  took  place  when  the  structure  was 
adapted  for  the  business  of  a  firm  of  army 
clothiers.  It  may  be  observed  that  windows 
were  then  inserted  in  the  lower  part,  and  the 
openings  above,  formerly  protected  by  net- 
work, were  glazed  ?  an  effort  was  made  to 
move  the  stone  floor,  which  had  a  high 
reputation,  but  it  had  been  worn  too  thin 
to  be  used  elsewhere.  The  Society's  photo- 
graph was  taken  from  the  north-west  corner 
of  the  street,  by  the  Haymarket.  The 
brick  house  next  to  the  tennis  court  on 
the  east  had  by  that  time  been  rebuilt  or 


refronted,  but  beyond  it  appears  a- building 
partly  timbered,  which,  as  we  learn  from  a 
note  by  Mr.  Alfred  Marks,  the  accomplished 
Secretary,  was  then  still  known  as  "  the 
Barn."  It  was  opposite  the  end  of  Oxendon 
Street,  and  remained  till  about  1890. 
Query,  had  this  been  also  at  some  time  a 
tennis  court  ?  Mr.  Julian  Marshall  in  his 
'Annals  of  Tennis  '  (1878)  says  : — 

"  There  were,  indeed,  formerly  two  courts  here, 
but  within  the  memory  of  the  oldest  inhabitant 
there  has  been  no  play  in  the  second,  which  was 
used  for  storing  the  scenery  of  the  King's  Theatre." 

The  still  existing,  though  much  defaced 
tennis  court,  now  occupied  by  wholesale 
booksellers  and  newsagents,  has  on  it  (not 
in  its  original  position)  a  stone  tablet  with 
the  inscription  "  James  Street,  1673."  In 
all  probability,  however,  it  is  older,  having 
been  attached  to  the  celebrated  gaming- 
house called  in  cant  language  Shaver's 
Hall,  which,  according  to  Peter  Cunningham, 
faced  Piccadilly  Hall,  and  was  "  erected 
in  the  reign  of  Charles  I.  by  a  gentleman- 
barber,  servant  to  Philip  Herbert,  Earl  of 
Pembroke  and  Montgomery."  In  this  court, 
it  is  affirmed  by  Marshall,  repeating  a  general 
tradition,  "  Charles  II.  with  his*  brother  the 
Duke  of  York  used  frequently  to  play  "  ; 
and  here,  in  the  early  sixties  of  last  century, 
I  first  became  acquainted  with  the  splendid 
game  of  tennis.  PHILIP  NORMAN. 

COL.  PRIDEAUX'S  quotation  (ante,  p.  155) 
from  'Doings  in  London'  fixes  the  site 
of  the  Fives  Court  in  St.  Martin's 
Street.  It  is  to  be  observed,  however, 
that  the  many  items  "  Fives  -  Court," 
"  Raquet  -  Court,"  "  Tennis  -  Court,"  in 
Lockie's  '  Topography  of  London,'  1810 
and  1813,  and  also  the  items  "  Five  [sic] 
court,  Petticoat  lane,"  "  Racket  court, 
Fleet  street,"  and  "  Tennis  court  "  (three) 
in  '  The  New  Complete  Guide,'  1774-5, 
relate  clearly  to  blocks  of  dwellings,  and 
not  to  courts  for  games.  As  MR.  A.  FORBES 
SIEVEKING  points  out  in  his  query,  an 
ordinary  fives  court  is  all  too  small  for  a 
ring,  and  has  no  gallery  ;  it  appears,  then, 
that  "  Fives  Court  "  was  a  generic  name 
for  a  boxing-arena,  or  what  was  really  a 
covered  racquet,  or  even  a  tennis,  court.  The 
Tennis  Court  in  Great  Windmill  Street  was 
that  of  Piccadilly  Hall,  and  survived  to  be 
converted  into  the  Argyll  Rooms,  latterly 
the  Trocadero  ;  the  Tennis  Court  in  James 
(now  incorporated  with  Orange)  Street, 
Haymarket,  appertained  to  Shaver's  Hall. 

Their  sites  are  named  in  Porter's  rare  map 
of  about  1660.  In  The  Builder  of  2  January, 


232 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  iv.  SEPT.  16, 1911. 


1904,  will  be  found  a  view  of  the  James 
Street  Court,  from  a  photograph  taken 
e  curis  Mr.  Alfred  Marks,  together  with  a 
plan  of  the  neighbourhood  as  in  1799.  The 
Builder  of  2  July,  1904,  describes  and  illus- 
trates with  plans  the  manifold  changes  made 
in  St.  Martin's  parish  in  1801-1900  ;  two 
of  the  plans,  showing  St.  Martin's  Street 
with  its  courts,  the  Upper  Mews,  and  around, 
are  reproduced  from  E.  Waters' s  Survey, 
1799,  of  the  parish,  and  that  Survey  as 
corrected  to  1840  by  James  Wyld. 

W.  E.  D.  MILLIKEN. 

The  Fives  Court  in  St.  Martin's  Lane,  the 
Tennis  Courts  in  Windmill  Street,  and 
the  Tennis  Court  in  James  Street,  Hay- 
market,  were  three  distinct  places.  Hazlitt 
describes  Cavanagh  as  playing  fives  in  the 
Fives  Court,  but  I  cannot  ascertain  the  date  : 
Cavanagh  was  dead  in  1819,  and  did  not 
play  for  the  last  two  or  three  years  of  his 
life. 

The  second  volume  of  '  Boxiana  '  speaks 
of  the  Fives  Court  in  St.  Martin's  Street, 
Leicester  Fields,  as  being  in  high  repute  for 
sparring  exhibitions  in  1818.  At  the  end 
of  the  same  volume  are  accounts  of  exhibi- 
tions there  from  1816  to  1818;  but  these 
could  not  have  included  the  earliest,  for  the 
sparring  then  took  place  on  a  stage,  whereas 
"originally"  the  combatants  stood  on  the 
floor.  In  vol.  i.  of  '  Boxiana  '  is  a  picture, 
drawn  and  etched  by  George  Cruikshank, 
of  a  sparring  match  at  the  Fives  Court,  and 
this  is  evidently  the  same  court  as  the  one 
depicted  in  the  engraving  of  1821,  where 
Randall  and  Turner  (not  Martin)  are  sparring. 
I  see  no  great  resemblance  to  a  fives  court 
or  a  tennis  court.  There  are  about  100 
people  in  the  engraving  of  1821,  of  whom 
nearly  40  are  identified  in  the  key  plan  ; 
and  it  is  more  than  once  stated  that  the  court 
would  hold  1,000  people.  Obviously  the 
building  must  have  been  altered  since  it 
was  used  as  a  fives  court. 

The  late  Mr.  Julian  Marshall  in  his  '  Annals 
of  Tennis'  gives  a  detailed  account  of  the 
Tennis  Courts  in  Windmill  Street  and  in 
James  Street,  and,  if  the  Fives  Court  had 
ever  been  a  tennis  court,  it  would  not 
have  escaped  his  notice.  The  Tennis  Court 
in  Windmill  Street  was  repaired  and  opened 
for  a  display  of  the  art  of  self-defence  in 
1820.  It  was  used  for  roller  skating  in 
1823,  and  afterwards  for  billiards,  as  a 
workshop  for  lamps,  for  a  waxworks  exhi- 
bition, and  finally  for  the  site  of  the  Argyll 
Rooms. 


Tennis  was  played  in  the  court  in  James 
Street  until  1866.  I  have  before  me  a  letter 
from  Thomas  Stone,  the  head  professional 
at  the  Royal  Tennis  Court  in  Melbourne, 
and  he  mentions  that  in  1859  he  went  to  the 
Haymarket  court  as  a  professional. 

J.  J.  FREEMAN. 


MAID  A  :  JAMES  GRANT  (11  S.  iv.  110,  171). 
— I  am  greatly  obliged  for  the  exhaustive 
replies  to  my  query,  as  also  to  MAJOB 
WILLCOCK  for  a  private  communication. 

I  have  read  several  good  accounts  of  the 
battle,  in  one  of  which,  however,  the  writer 
makes  it  appear  that  the  flank  companies, 
which  .formed  the  provisional  grenadier  and 
light  battalions  respectively,  were  those 
detached  from  the  regiments  engaged,  viz., 
20th,  27th,  35th,  58th,  78th,  and  81st, 
whereas  it  is  evident  that  the  61st  was  repre- 
sented in  them. 

A  good  description  of  the  battle  is  given 
by  James  Grant  in  his  '  Adventures  of  an 
Aide-de-Camp,'  allowance  being  made  for  the 
fiction  with  which  it  is  entwined  ;  but  he 
surely  exceeds  the  licence  granted  to  authors 
of  that  class  in  substituting,  at  the  evacua- 
tion of  the  fortress  of  Scylla  some  eighteen 
months  later,  the  name  of  his  hero  for  that  of 
Lieut. -Col.  Robertson,  the  real  commandant. 
I  am  aware  that  in  his  '  British  Battles  by 
Land  and  Sea  '  he  gives  the  right  name, 
but  that  does  not  excuse  what  would  seem 
to  be  an  unwarrantable  liberty.  It  is  one 
thing  to  place  an  imaginary  officer  in  the 
ranks  of  a  regiment,  as  many  writers  of 
fiction  have  done — e.g.,  in  the  Light  Cavalry 
charge  at  Balaclava  ;  but  it  would  be  quite 
another  to  put  some  fictitious  leader  in  the 
place  of  Lord  Cardigan. 

I  have  just  seen  in  '  An  Introductory 
History  of  England,'  by  C.  R.  L.  Fletcher, 
the  following  :  — 

"  It  was  on  that  occasion  that,  an  alarm  being 
suddenly  given,  the  Grenadiers  and  the  Innis- 
killings,  who  were  bathing  from  the  beach,  rushed 
from  the  water,  seized  their  muskets,  and  fell  in 
stark  naked." 

What  is  the  authority  for  this  statement  ? 
I  have  not  met  with  it  in  any  of  the  accounts 
that  have  previously  come  in  my  way. 

E.  L.  H.  TEW. 
Upham  Rectory. 

KING  GEORGE  V.'s  ANCESTORS  (11  S.  iv« 
87,  134,  173). — Some  literary  associations 
may  help  to  impart  individuality  to  what 
might  otherwise  seem  rather  shadowy  per- 
sonages. Frederick  V.  of  Denmark  was  the 


n  s.  iv.  SEPT.  16, 1911.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


233 


patron  of  Klopstock,  whose  '  Messias  '  was 
dedicated  to  him.  Frederick  II.  of  Hesse 
Cassel,  unfortunately  distinguished  as  having 
sold  his  subjects  to  fight  against  the  Ame- 
rican colonists  in  the  War  of  Independence, 
was  the  correspondent  of  Voltaire,  whom  he 
visited  at  Ferney.  In  early  life  he  was  for 
several  years  under  the  tuition  of  J.  P.  de 
Crousaz,  a  professor  at  Lausanne  whose 
attack  on  Pope's  '  Essay  on  Man  '  incited 
Warburton  to  vindicate  the  poet's  orthodoxy, 
and  was  thus  the  occasion  of  the  latter' s 
becoming  Pope's  official  interpreter.  Mark 
Pattison  in  his  introduction  to  the  '  Essay  ' 
makes  a  curious  slip  in  describing  De 
Crousaz  as  "in  the  service  of  the  Elector 
of  Hesse  Cassel."  Frederick  II.  was  Land- 
graf.  His  son,  William  IX.,  became  the 
first  Elector  in  1803,  under  the  title  of 
William  I.  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

Bad  Wilduuejen. 

"  CYTEL  "  IN  ANGLO-SAXON  NAMES  (11  S. 
iv.  187). — The  answer  as  to  the  sense  of 
Wolf -kettle  and  Thor-kettle  (not  Thor's 
kettle)  is  simple  and  direct :  they  had  no 
particular  significance  at  any  time.  The 
leading  principle  concerning  these  names 
is  that  they  usually  (but  by  no  means  always) 
consist  of  two  elements  artificially  hitched 
together.  Thus  Wulf-gar  (modern  E.  Wool- 
gar)  meant  "  wolf-spear."  In  this  case  the 
two  constituents,  "  wolf "  and  "  spear," 
are  significant  ;  but  the  casual  compound 
has  no  special  reference  to  anything  what- 
ever. Till  this  principle  is  understood, 
all  is  confusion. 

It  follows  that  there  is  a  large  number 
of  names  beginning  with  "  wolf,"  few  of 
which  make  sense.  Take,  for  example, 
Wulf-stan,  "  wolf -stone,"  modern  E.  Wool- 
ston  ;  whether  "  wolf-stone  "  makes  sense 
or  not  is  of  no  consequence. 

There  is  nothing  really  remarkable  about 
this.  If,  for  example,  a  boy  were  now  to 
be  baptized  John  Mark,  such  a  boy  might 
be  regarded,  from  an  old  Teutonic  point  of 
view,  as  having  the  name  Johnmark.  And 
a  little  reflection  will  show  that  some  such 
view  was  necessary,  because  a  large  number 
of  names  was  required,  especially  in  ages 
when  surnames  were  not  in  vogue.  By 
combining  two  elements  casually  the  number 
of  available  names  was  enormously  increased, 
owing  to  the  variety  of  combinations  that 
could  thus  be  produced. 

The  best  book  on  Christian  names  is  that 
by  Miss  Yonge  ;  but  it  is  rapidly  becoming 
obsolete  for  modern  requirements,  owing  to 
the  large  number  of  errors  which  it  contains. 


Many  of  these  were  due  to  her  ignorance  of 
Teutonic  philology  ;  and  not  a  few  were  due 
to  her  wholly  mistaken  attempts  to  manipu- 
late Teutonic  names  so  as  to  extract  definite 
sense  out  of  their  casual  forms. 

WALTER  W.  SKEAT, 

Ulfcytel  and  Thurcytel  are  also  written 
Ulfchil  and  Thurchil.  Cytel  means,  as  MR. 
HILL  states,  kettle,  or,  as  I  should  prefer, 
place  of  the  sacred  cauldron  where  the 
heathen  Danes  performed  their  rites.  But 
Thurchil  was  a  very  common  Saxon  Domes- 
day name.  A  Turchil  was  son  of  Ailwyn, 
Vice-comes  of  Warwick,  from  whom  de- 
scend the  Ardens  of  Warwickshire  and 
Shakespeare,  according  to  Dugdale. 

Churchill  is  probably  Anglo-Saxon,  and 
not  derived  from  De  Courcelles,  as  has  been 
suggested.  Chil  might  also  mean  "  child  " 
or  "  son  of."  My  own  surname  Raven- 
shaw  was  originally  Ravenshall  and  Raven- 
chell,  from  the  Ravenchil  in  Domesday 
Book  (Cheshire).  The  Saxon  after  the 
Conquest  would  pronounce  the  ch  as  sh, 
We  say  "  cat,"  the  Frenchman  chat — 
exactly  the  same  word.  Hrofenchetel,  a 
Domesday  place  in  Cheshire,  is  the  modern 
Henshaw,  hrofen  being  firafen,  or  Saxon  for 
raven.  There  must  be  many  more  instances. 
J.  RAVENSHAW. 

Oxford  and  Cambridge  Club. 

HISTORY     OF    ENGLAND     WITH    RIMINO 
VERSES    (11    S.   iv.    168). — The  learning   of 
these  "Kings"  was  an  early  duty  of  mine, 
I  have  a  reprint  of  them  before  me  now, 
brought  down  to  the  reign  of  good  Queen 
Victoria ;     but  to  the  best  of  my  belief  the 
original  rimester  lost  breath  with  George  IV.. 
MR.  CAMPBELL  LOCKE'S  memory  is  not  quite 
accurate   as  regards   the  verses,   neither  is 
my  own,  but  I  think  we  are  referring  to  the 
same  work.     William  I.  begins  : — 
William  the  Conqueror  first  we  will  view, 
Who  at  Hastings  the  army  of  Harold  o'erthrew  ; 
His  laws  were  all  made  in  the  Norman  tongue, 
And  at  eight  every  evening  the  Curfew  was  rung. 

The  reprint  emanated  from  Nottingham 
(Dunn  &  Fry,  South  Parade,  1874),  and  the 
supplementary  poet  was  identified  with  that 
place,  since  it  appears,  under  William  IV., 
The  Cholera  raged,  the  Reform  Bill  was  passed, 
Our  Castle  was  stormed,  and  burnt  at  the  last. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

All  the  lines  quoted  by  the  REV.  CAMP- 
BELL LOCK  are  contained  in  a  series  of 
36  eight-line  verses,  of  which  I  have  a  copy, 
taken  from  '  True  Stories  from  English 
History,  by  a  Mother,'  4th  ed.,  with  3$ 


234 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  ie,  1911. 


engravings  (John  Harris,  St.  Paul's  Church- 
yard, 1838),  each  verse  forming  the  heading 
to  a  separate  prose  chapter.  Considerable 
difficulty  was  obviously  experienced  by  the 
author  in  finding  suitable  rimes,  and  now 
and  then  the  result  is  more  prosaic  than 
poetic.  I  append,  as  a  specimen  of  well- 
meaning  effort,  the  concluding  verse,  which 
is  better  than  some  others  : — 
The  Princess  Victoria,  when  only  eighteen, 
Took  her  seat  on  the  throne  of  Old  England  as 

Queen. 

Ye  Britons,  with  virtue  and  valour  attend  ; 
Be  prompt  to  uphold  her,  and  strong  to  defend. 
May  justice  and  mercy,  and  goodness  and  truth, 
Like  a  sunbeam  adorn  the  bright  brow  of  her  youth ; 
May  oppression  and  wrong  'neath  her  sceptre  bow 

down, 
And  her  heart  find  delight  in  her  country's  renown. 

W.  B.  H. 

BOARD  OF  GREEN  CLOTH  (11  S.  iv.  89, 
137). — I  suggest  that  MRS.  FORTESCUE  should 
refer  to  '  Angliae  Notitia  ;  or,  The  Present 
State  of  England,'  by  Edw.  Chamberlayne, 
which  according  to  the  '  Dictionary  of 
National  Biography  '  was  first  published  in 
1669.  I  have  the  fifteenth  edition,  1684, 
in  which  is  an  account  of  the  Board  of  Green 
Cloth,  p.  152,  with  a  list  of  the  officers  on 
p.  160.  The  account,  with  some  few 
omissions  and  alterations,  is  reproduced 
in  '  Magnao  Britanniae  Notitia ;  or,  The 
Present  State  of  Great-Britain,'  by  John 
Chamberlayne,  referred  to  by  ST.  SWITHIN 
(ante,  p.  137). 

Besides  the  fifteenth  edition  of  Edw. 
Chamberlayne' s  book,  I  have  three  editions  of 
his  son  John  Chamberlayne's  enlarged  repro- 
duction, viz.,  those  of  1708,  1726,  1755. 
In  each  is  a  list  of  the  officers.  In  my  1726 
edition,  p.  106  of  the  '  General  List,'  some 
one  has  crossed  out  John,  Duke  of  Argyle 
and  Greenwich  ("Lord  Steward  of  His 
Majesty's  Houshold"),  and  written  in  the 
margin  "  D.  of  Dorsett."  Similarly  "  Sr  P. 
Methuen "  takes  the  place  of  the  Right 
Honourable  Hugh,  Earl  of  Cholmondeley, 
Treasurer  ;  "  E.  of  Lincoln "  that  of 
William  Pultney,  Esq.,  Cofferer;  and 
"  P.  Finch  "  that  of  Paul  Methuen,  Esq., 
Comptroller. 

Reference  may  also  be  made  to  '  The 
Official  Handbook  of  Church  and  State,' 
new  and  thoroughly  revised  edition  (John 
Murray,  1855),  compiled  by  Samuel  Red- 
grave, pp.  13,  14  :— 

"The  Palace  anciently  formed  an  exempt  juris- 
diction, which  was  subject  to  the  court  of  the  Lord 
Steward  of  the  Household,  held  in  his  absence  by 
the  Ireasurer,  the  Comptroller,  or  the  Steward  of 
the  Marshalsea." 


Acts  of  Parliament  are  referred  to. 
3  Hen.  VII.  c.  14  conferred  certain  powers 
on  the  Board.  33  Henry  VIII.  c.  12  gave 
enlarged  powers  for  trial  and  punishment 
of  treasons,  misprisions,  murders,  &c.,  in 
any  palaces  or  houses  of  the  king,  or  other 
house  where  he  resides.  This  extensive 
jurisdiction,  having  long  fallen  into  disuse, 
was  in  part  repealed  by  9  Geo.  IV.  c.  31; 
and  the  civil  jurisdiction  which  the  court 
continued  to  exercise  till  1849  was  abolished 
in  that  year  by  stat.  12  and  13  Viet.  c.  101. 
ROBERT  PJERPOINT. 

THESES  BY  MR.  SECRETARY  THOMAS 
REID  (11  S.  iv.  163). — Line  19  from  bottom 
of  col.  1,  for  "essentia"  reac^  essentia. 
Line  17  from  bottom,  for  "  cruitur "  read 
eru-itur.  Line  5  from  top  of  col.  2,  for 
"  quae  "  read  qua. 

I  have  a  suspicion  that    "  intrivere "    in 
line  8  of  col.  2  is  wrong,  though  I  am  not 
able    to    suggest   an    amendment.     It    is    a 
Latin  word,  but  is  difficult  to  construe  here. 
JOHN  R.  MAGRATH. 

LONDON  DIRECTORIES  OF  THE  EIGH- 
TEENTH CENTURY  (11  S.  iv.  168). — Messrs. 
Kelly,  the  publishers  of  the  '  Post  Office 
Directory,'  have  a  comprehensive  collec- 
tion, which  can  be  consulted  on  payment  of 
a  fee.  The  B.M.  collection  is  fairly  com- 
plete ;  see  the  '  London  Directory,'  8vo, 
'The  New  Complete  Guide,'  12mo,  and 
Kent's  Directories.  A  few  not  in  the 
Museum  collection  are  before  me,  and  I 
should  be  pleased  to  let  J.  R.  F.  G.  have 
sight  of  them.  ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

The  British  Museum  contains  a  fairly 
lengthy  series  of  London  directories  of  the 
eighteenth  century.  I  think  there  are  some 
gaps  in  the  series.  Baldwin's  '  New  Com- 
plete Guide '  is  the  title  of  one  of  the  earliest, 
best,  and  longest-lived.  It  gives  not  only 
a  list  of  all  the  streets,  &c.,  in  the  City  of 
London,  but  also  a  fairly  complete  alpha- 
betical list  of  the  tradesmen,  in  addition  to 
much  other  information.  The  earliest  issue 
I  have  is  that  of  1770,  which  is  the  twelfth 
edition.  I  think  it  came  out  annually. 

W.  ROBERTS. 

18,  Kings  Avenue,  Clapham  Park, 

There  are  a  number  of  old  London  direc- 
tories in  the  Newspaper  Room  of  the  British 
Museum,  accessible  to  "readers"  only. 
There  is  also  a  good  collection  in  the  Refer- 
ence Library  of  the  Bishopsgate  Institute, 
Bishopsgate,  E.C.,  open  free  to  the  general 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  16,  mi.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


235 


public,  where  the  courteous  Librarian,  Mr. 
C.  F.  W.  Goss,  gives  searchers  every  assist- 
ance. 

Messrs.  Kelly  of  High  Holborn,  W.C., 
have  a  number,  but  here  a  search  fee  is 
charged  of  one  shilling  for  each  volume 
inspected.  E.  E.  NEWTON. 

7,,  Achilles  Road,  West  End,  Hampstead. 

STONEHENGE  :  '  THE  BIRTH  OF  MERLIN 
(11  S.  iv.  128,  178). — Stonehenge  was  first 
mentioned  in  the  ninth  century  by  Nennius, 
who  asserts  that  it  was  erected  in  commemo- 
ration of  the  four  hundred  nobles  who  were 
treacherously  slain  near  the  spot  by  Hengist 
in  472.  A  similar  account  of  its  origin  is 
given  in  the  triads  of  the  Welsh  bards, 
where  its  erection  is  attributed  to  Aurelius 
Ambrosius,  the  successor  of  Vortigern 
('Ency.  Brit.,'  llth  ed.,  vol.  xxv.  p.  961). 
In  the  prose  romance  of  '  Merlin  ;  or,  The 
Early  History  of  King  Arthur  '  (c.  1450-60), 
edited  by  Wheatley  and  published  by  the 
Early  English  Text  Society,  1899,  p.  57, 
it  is  related  how  "Merlin  moves  the  stones 
to  Stonehenge." 

Several  incidents  in  the  play  of  '  The 
Birth  of  Merlin,'  such  as  the  begetting  of  a 
child  by  the  agency  of  a  demon,  are  found 
in  Geoffrey  of  Monmouth,  '  Historia  Reg. 
Brit.,'  v.  18.  For  the  intercourse  of  the 
devil  with  women  see  Burton's  '  Melancholy,' 
Part  III.  sect  2.  The  sprinkling  of  founda- 
tions with  blood  (IV.  i.)  is  in  Nennius, 
*  Hist.  Brit.,'  40,  42  ;  the  fight  of  the  dragons, 
and  the  interpretation  (IV.  v.),  Nennius, 
'  Hist.,'  42  ;  and  the  death  of  Vortigern 
(IV.  iii.-v.),  Nennius,  '  Hist.,'  47,  48.  lii  V.  i. 
the  devil  is  enclosed  in  a  rock.  This  appears 
in  the  legend  to  have  been  Merlin's  fate,  for 
in  1603  appeared  for  the  first  time  in  print 
some  old  alliterative  Scottish  prophecies 
attributed  to  Merlin,  in  which  we  read 
(1.  11.  114-20).— 

When  the  cragges  of  Tarbat  is  tumbled  in  the  sey, 
At  the  next  sommer  after  sorrow  for  ever. 
Beides  bookes  have  I  scene,  and  Banister's  also, 
Mervelous  Merling  and  all  accordes  in  one. 
Mervelous  Merlins;  is  wasted  away 
With  a  wicked  woman,  woe  might  shee  be ; 
For  shee  hath  closed  him  in  a  craige  on  Cornish  cost. 

This  woman,  according  to  the  Celtic  legend, 
js  the  enchantress  Nimiane. 

Concerning  Merlin,  it  has  been  considered 
whether  there  were  two  Merlins  or  one, 
that  is,  whether  Merlinus  Ambrosius  and 
Merlinus  Caledonius  (Myrddin)  had  a  separate 
existence.  Rhys  ( '  Studies  in  Arthurian 
Legend,'  p.  162)  remarks  that  "under  the 
name  Ambrosius  or  Emrys  were  confounded 
the  historical  Ambrosius  and  the  mythic 


Merlin  Ambrosius,  in  whom  we  appear  to 
have  the  Celtic  Zeus,  in  one  of  his  many 
forms." 

Nennius  ('Historia  Britonum,'  cap.  xl., 
&c;)  does  not  give  the  name  of  Merlin  ;  for 
the  boy  who  is  born  without  a  father, 
and  who  explains  to  the  king  why  his  castle 
walls  do  not  stand,  replies,  on  being  asked 
his  name,  "  I  am  called  Ambrose,"  the  British 
for  which  is  Embries,  that  is,  the  leader. 
The  only  really  historical  personage  is  the 
Welsh  bard  Myrddin,  and  Merlin  Ambrosius 
is  for  the  most  part  legendary.  G  eoffrey 
of  Monmouth  ('Vita  Merlini')  borrowed  the 
name  Ambrosius  from  Nennius,  and  Merlin 
(Myrddin)  from  Welsh  tradition.  A  slight 
amount  of  actual  prophetic  Welsh  tradition, 
added  to  a  much  larger  amount  of  prophecy 
concocted  by  Geoffrey  himself,  made  up  the 
book  of  Merlin's  prophecies.  The  Merlin  of  the 
play  will  erect  the  monument  in  honour  of 
his  mother.  This  is  the  author's  variation 
of  the  legendary  accounts,  unless  he  owed 
anything  to  the  older  '  liter  Pendragon,' 
acted  by  the  Admiral's  company  in  1597. 

TOM  JONES. 

"TEA  AND  TURNOUT"  (11  S.  iv.  170).—- 
Although  the  phrase  quoted  by  DIEGO  is 
seldom  heard,  its. origin  is  fairly  obvious. 
To.  old-fashioned  folk  who  had  not  reconciled 
themselves  to  the  afternoon-tea  habit  the 
more  substantial  meal  formerly  in  vogue 
would  no  doubt  seem  much  more  hospitable 
than  a  light  afternoon  tea,  and  the  idea 
underlying  the  phrase  appears  to  be  that 
the  new  form  of  hospitality  is  of  a  very 
insignificant  description,  and  that  the  guest 
is  expected  not  to  linger  after  the  con- 
clusion of  the  meal,  but  to  take  his  leave, 
or — in  popular  language — "  turn  out  "  at 
once.  LEONARD  J.  HODSON. 

WALL  CHURCHES  (11  S.  iii.  287,  377, 
434). — I  see  no  mention  of  Silchester,  Hants, 
in  this  connexion.  There  the  modern  church 
is  built  close  to  the  mound  of  the  east  wall 
of  the  Roman  city,  and  its  graveyard  tops 
the  mound  of  the  wall.  This  church  has 
thirteenth-century  work  remaining  in  it, 
and  probably  is  the  descendant  of  the 
earliest  Saxon  church  of  the  manor.  It 
stands  but  a  short  way  south  of  the  original 
east  gate.  Visitors  are  told  that  at  the  east 
gate,  or  near  it,  a  temple  stood  wherein 
Roman  legions  left  their  eagles  while  in  the 
city.  The  Society  of  Antiquaries  has  un- 
earthed two  temple  structures  contiguous 
to  this  churchyard,  but  on  its  west  side, 
though  they  may  have  extended  more  to  the 
east. 


236 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      tn  s.  iv.  SEPT.  u>,  1911. 


Probably  the  tradition  of  this  being  a  sacred 
site  determined  the  placing  here  of  the 
earliest  Saxon  church,  and  so  of  its  present 
representative.  Might  some  similar  cause 
have  existed  elsewhere  ?  S.  ANDREWS. 

"  TOUT      COMPRENDRE      C'EST      TOUT      PAR- 

DONNER"  (11  S.  iv.  86,  136,  154).—  That 
striking,  semi-divine  saying,  "  Tout  connaitre 
c'est  tout  pardonner,"  has  always  seemed 
to  me  equal  to  the  best  utterance  in  the 
•  Imitation.'  I  have  ventured  a  translation  : 

Be  patient,  should  your  brother  fall — 
Know  all,  and  you  will  pardon  all. 

PERCY  FITZGERALD. 

STREET  NOMENCLATURE  (US.  iv.  187). — 
The  Paris  Directory  ('Paris,  Vol.  II.,  Rues 
et  Plans')  gives  the  raison  d'etre  of  Paris 
street-names  thus : — 

"  Bolivar  (rue).  Libe"rateur  de  I'Ame'rique  Me"ri- 
dionale,  1783-1830." 

"  Ferronnerie  (rue  de  la).  St.  Louis  avait  permis 
aux  ferronniers  de  s'y  etablir." 

"  Paix  (rue  de  la).  Nom  substitue  h,  celui  de 
Napoleon  en  1814,  apres  la  signature  de  la  paix." 

"  Lincoln  (rue).  President  des  fitats  Unis,  1809- 
1864." 

This  might  possibly  afford  a  few  hints 
to  your  Indian  correspondent,  though  the 
preponderance  of  French  biography  would 
evidently  lessen  its  value.  F.  A.  W. 

SS.  BRIDGET,  GERTRUDE,  FOILLAN,  AND 
FEBRONIA  (US.  iv.  189).— St.  Berlinda  is 
shown  at  Meerbeeke  standing  at  the  side  of 
a  cow,  but  I  was  not  aware  that  St.  Bridget 
is  ever  so  accompanied.  She  was,  however, 
the  child  of  a  milkmaid,  and  was  not  far 
from  being  born  in  a  byre.  Some  of  her 
acts  were  associated  with  cows,  and  on  one 
occasion  she  was  a  miraculous  substitute 
for  a  "milky  mother  of  the  herd."  One  of 
her  nuns  was  ill,  and  no  milk  was  to  be  had, 
so  the  saint  ordered  a  companion  to  fill  a 
jug  with  water,  which,  when  it  was  poured 
out,  was  found  to  be  milk  that  was  as  warm 
and  good  as  if  it  had  been  just  drawn  from 
the  cow  ('Irish  Folk-lore,'  by  Lageniensis, 

Baring-Gould  has  an  admirable  passage 
embodying  theories  as  to  the  mouse  of  St. 
Gertrude  of  Nivelles  ('Lives  of  the  Saints,' 
March  vol.,  pp.  308,  309) : 

"  By  a  curious  popular  superstition,  she  was  sup- 
posed to  harbour  souls  on  their  way  to  paradise 
It  was  said  that  this  was  a  three  days''journey.  The 
first  night  they  lodged  with  S.  Gertrude,  the  second 
5  *u  ?abri«1'  and  the  third  was  in  paradise, 
bhe  therefore  became  the  patroness  and  protector 

departed  souls.  Next,  because  popular  Teutonic 
superstition  regarded  mice  and  rats  as  symbols  of 


souls,  the  rat  and  mouse  became  characteristics  of 
S.  Gertrude,  and  she  is  represented  in  art  accom- 
panied by  one  of  these  animals.  Then,  by  a  strange 
transition,  when  the  significance  of  the  symbol  was 
lost,  she  was  supposed  to  be  a  protectress  against 
rats  and  mice,  and  the  water  of  her  well  in  the 
crypt  of  Nivelles  was  distributed  for  the  purpose  of 
driving  away  these  vermin.  In  the  chapel  of 
S.  Gertrude,  which  anciently  stood  in  the  enclosure 
of  the  castle  of  Mohn  near  Huy,  little  cakes  were 
distributed,  which  were  supposed  to  banish  mice 

In  order  to  explain  the  significance  of  the  mouse 

in  pictures  of  S.  Gertrude,  when  both  meanings 
were  abandoned,  it  was  related  that  she  wao  wont 
to  become  so  absorbed  in  prayer  that  a  mouse 
would  play  about  her  and  run  up  her  pastoral  staff, 
without  attracting  her  attention." 

St.  Foillan  was  an,  Irish  worthy  of  the 
seventh  century.  He  was  invited  with 
others  by  St.  Gertrude  to  settle  at  Nivelles, 
and  was  murdered  by  brigands  in  the  forest 
of  Soignies  when  he  was  on  his  way  to  visit 
his  brother  Ultan.  St.  Fursey  was  another 
of  his  brothers. 

St.  Febronia  was  a  virgin  martyr  who 
touched  the  third  and  fourth  centuries,  and 
was  martyred  brutally  under  Diocletian, 
one  Selenus  being  directly  responsible  for  the 
treatment  inflicted  on  the  beautiful,  harm- 
less victim.  She  was  one  of  fifty  virgins 
who  were  in  a  convent  at  Sibapte  in  Syria, 
and  a  very  picturesque  account  of  her  is 
given  in  '  Lives  of  the  Saints,'  June  vol., 
p.  343,  &c.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

Though  the  cow  is  not  the  usual  emblem 
of  St.  Bridget,  it  is  probably  used  in  refer- 
ence to  her  dairy- work  and  her  miraculous 
multiplication  of  butter.  See  Butler's  *  Lives 
of  the  Saints  '  and  Hone's  '  Everyday  Book/ 
i.  197. 

The  mouse  is  said  to  belong  to  St.  Gertrude 
either  because  she  protected  her  monastery 
against  mice,  or  because  she  remained  so  long 
at  her  devotions  that  they  watched  around 
her.  It  is  an  old  Belgian  custom  to  offer 
the  first  corn  to  St.  Gertrude  as  a  precaution 
against  mice.  F.  D.  WESLEY. 

St.  Gertrude  in  Tyrol  (and  I  believe  in 
other  countries)  is  regarded  as  the  protectress 
against  rats  and  mice,  and  mural  inscrip- 
tions invoking  her  assistance  against  these 
domestic  pests  may  still  be  seen  on  the  walls 
of  Tyrolese  peasant  houses.  k  Tradition  says 
she  was  a  daughter  of  St.  Itta,  aunt  of  Pepin, 
father  of  Charles  Martel.  17  March  is  her 
day.  MARIE  LOUISE  DUARTE. 

Harrogate. 

St.  Foillan  was  one  of  three  brothers,  all 
canonized,  sons  of  Fyltan,  King  of  Munster. 
Soon  after  the  year  650  he  travelled  to  Nivelle 
in  Brabant,  where  St.  Gertrude  detained 


n  s.  iv.  SEPT.  16,  i9iL]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


237 


him  in  her  nunnery  to  instruct  the  nuns  in 
the  convent.  On  his  way  to  visit  his  brother, 
St.  Ultan,  who  had  founded  a  monastery  at 
Fosse,  near  Liege,  he  was  assassinated  by 
robbers  or  infidels  in  the  forest  of  Char- 
bonniere  in  Hainault,  on  31  October,  655 
{see  Alban  Butler's  'Lives  of  the  Saints.'). 

WM.  NORMAN. 

[MR.  A.  R.  BAYLEY  and  L.  L.  K.  also  thanked  for 
replies.] 

"CARATCH"  (11  S.  iv.  189).— This  word 
is  probably  the  same  as  cratch,  which  is  a 
Yorkshire  dialect  word  meaning  a  wooden 
frame  for  holding  bottles.  "  A  cratch  filled 
with  bottles  fell  down  the  staircase,"  Mather's 
4  Songs  of  Sheffield'  (1862). 

In  the  case  in  question,   the  word  may 
perhaps  have  been  engraved  on  one  of  the 
six  bottles  merely  to  indicate  that  it  together 
with  the  other  five  formed  a  complete  set. 
WALTER  B.  KINGSFORD. 

United  University  Club. 

"  Caratch  "  is  probably  the  same  thing  as 
41  carack  "  or  "  caracki,"  a  favourite  relish 
to  meat  with  our  Anglo-Indian  grand- 
fathers. According  to  '  The  Nabob's 
•Cookery  Book,'  by  P.  O.  P.  (no. date),  this 
is  how  it  was  made  : — 

"Chop  eight  pickled  walnuts  and  one  head  o^ 
garlic,  put  these  into  a  large  jar,  add  walnut  vinegar, 
«oy,  arid  mushroom  catsup,  of  each  half  a  tumblerful, 
A  tablespoonful  of  Harvey  sauce,  and  one  quart  of 
vinegar ;  put  the  jar  in  a  dry  place,  and  shake  it 
•every  day  for  a  month  ;  a  few  spoonfuls  of  mango 
pickle  is  a  great  improvement." 

FRANK  SCHLOESSER. 

Can  "caratch"  be  meant  for  "kharadj," 
the  Turkish  word  for  capitation  tax,  con- 
tribution, &c.  V  The  initial  kh  is  pronounced 
like  ch  in  German  or  Scotch  "  loch." 

L.  L.  K. 

According  to  the  '  N.E.D.,'  "  caratch  " 
is  an  Arabic  word  signifying  the  tribute  or 
poll-tax  levied  by  the  Turks  on  their  Chris- 
tian subjects.  The  earliest  quotation  given 
Is  from  1682.  A.  K.  BAYLEY. 

MILITARY  AND  NAVAL  EXECUTIONS  (11  S. 
iv.  8,  57,  98,  157,  193).— My  information  on 
this  subject  was  picked  up  many  years  ago, 
when  serving  in  the  Austro-Hungarian 
army.  According  to  the  service  regulations 
then  in  force,  which  we  had  to  know  by 
heart,  the  procedure  was  as  follows.  The 
culprit  was  led  into  a  square  formed  by 
troops  with  fixed  bayonets,  and  had  to  stand 
at  the  centre  of  one  of  the  sides  of  the  square. 


The  military  judge  then  read  out  aloud  to 
him  the  death  sentence,  and,  having  broken 
a  staff  in  two,  threw  the  fragments  to  the 
feet  of  the  culprit,  whose  eyes  were  then 
bandaged.  While  this  was  being  done, 
the  soldiers  standing  immediately  behind 
him  moved  away  in  silence,  making  an 
opening  in  the  square,  and  the  firing  party, 
whose  members  he  was  at  liberty  to  choose 
himself,  took  up  their  position,  and,  at  the 
words  of  command  of  their  officer,  took 
aim  and  fired.  At  the  slightest  sign  of 
life  a  second  party,  standing  in  readiness 
behind  the  first,  fired  another  volley  to 
put  the  man  out  of  his  misery. 

I  see  by  the  account  of  the  recent  execution 
at  Toulon  that  "  le -premier  maitre  abaissait 
son  sabre."  This  reminds  me  of  an  old 
controversy  as  to  whether  it  was  more 
merciful  to  give  the  fatal  signal  by  silently 
lowering  the  sword  or  by  word  of  command. 
The  objection  to  the  silent  signal  is  that  it 
is  more  difficult  to  aim  if  the  movement  of 
the  officer's  sword  has  to  be  watched  at 
the  same  time.  L.  L.  K. 

REV.  PATRICK  GORDON'S  '  GEOGRAPHY  ' 
(11  S.  iv.  188). — I  transcribe  for  MR.  BULLOCH 
the  title-page  of  my  copy  of  this  work.  It 
is  inserted  in  MS.  by  myself,  and  I  forget 
where  I  got  it:  it  will  be  noticed  that  the 
dates  are  queried  : — 

"  Geography  Anatomized :  |  or  |  A  Complete  Geo- 
graphical Grammer,  |  Being  a  short  and  exact 
Analysis  of  the  whole  Body  of  Modern  Geography ; 
after  a  new,  plain  and  easie  Method,  whereby  any 
person  may  in  a  short  time  attain  to  the  Knowledge 
of  that  most  noble  and  useful  Science,  &c.  |  To  which 
is  subjoin'd,  |  The  present  State  of  the  European 
Plantations  in  the  East  and  West  Indies,  with 
a  Reasonable  Proposal  for  the  Propagation  of  the 
Blessed  Gospel  in  all  Pagan  Countries.  |  Illustrated 
with  Dive/s  Maps  J  by  |  Pat.  Gordon,  M.A.  | 
f?  Second  Edition!  |  London  |  [?  1699]." 

This  is  not,  however,  a  second  edition,  but 
a  later  one,  as  the  Preface  proves 

C.  C.   B. 

My  edition  of  the  '  Geography  Anatomiz'd  ' 
is  the  seventeenth.  The  title-page  agrees 
with  that  given  by  MR.  BULLOCH  except  the 
last  paragraph,  the  variation  being  as 
follows  : — 

"The  Seventeenth  Edition,  Corrected,  and  some- 
what Enlarged ;  and  a  Set  of  New  Maps,  by  Mr. 
Senex.  By  Pat  Gordon,  M.A.  F.R.S.  London  : 
Printed  for  D.  Midwinter,  A.  Ward,  J.  &  P.  Knap- 
ton,  J.  Brotherton,  J.  Clarke  (Exchange),  S.  Birt, 
T.  Longman,  C.  Hitch,  R.  Hett,  J.  Hodges,  T. 
Cooper,  and  J.  Davidson.  M.DCC.XLI." 

There  are  17  maps.  D.  A.  BURL. 

Melrose  Cottage,  Epsom. 


238 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  ie,  1911. 


AYNESCOMBE,  SURREY  (11  S.  iv.  130). — 
Neither  in  Lewis's  '  Surrey  '  nor  in  Manning 
and  Bray  have  I  met  with  Aynescombe. 
I  came  across  a  couple  of  Aynescombe 
family  portraits  lately,  and  if  MR.  ANS- 
COMBE  will  communicate  with  me,  I  can 
tell  him  where  they  may  be  seen. 

FREDERIC  TURNER. 

Esmond,  Egham,  Surrey. 

THIRTEENTH  (US.  iv.  167,  213). — As  an 
example  of  similar  taxation,  see  *  A  Declara- 
tion of  the  Ancient  Tenthe  and  XVth 
chargeable  within  the  Countie  of  Lancaster,' 
1569-70,  'Lancashire  Lieutenancy'  (Chet. 
Soc.,  vol.  xlix.),  p.  24.  R.  S.  B. 

PER  CENTUM  :  ITS  SYMBOL  (11  S.  iv.  168). 
— Probably  the  origin  of  the  mark  %,  which 
.means  per  cent,  is  owing  to  "00"  designat- 
ing centum  or  hundred,  the  units  placed 
before  signifying  the  number  of  hundreds. 
As  one  of  the  meanings  of  per  is 
"through,"  the  diagonal  line  drawn  through 
or  between  the  two  ciphers  will  give  the 
exact  meaning  of  the  symbol  % — i.e.,  a 
line  drawn  through  or  "  per  "  "00"  (centum] 

T.  SHEPHERD. 

My  own  idea  is  that  the  symbol  %  has 
nothing  to  do  with  "per  centum,"  but  is  a 
form  invented  by  bankers  and  others  to 
indicate  the  special  nature  of  the  deduction 
permissible,  as  interest,  discount,  or  com- 
mission charges.  Thus  5  %  might  mean 
a  rebate  of  Is.  in  the  pound  for  prompt 
payment,  or  for  interest,  or  for  services 
rendered.  Originally,  I  fancy,  the  symbol 
was  used  to  specify  net  deductions  only 
(say,  3%  =  a  3  discount  net)  as  distinguished 
from  fractional  particles,  say  3|  or  4-i, 
l.ut  with  the  growth  of  commerce  the  usage 
became  general  in  all  instances,  so  that  we 
now  say  5  %,  5|  %,  or  6|  %  to  indicate 
the  amount  chargeable  according  to  the 
nature  of  the  transaction. 

M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

"GIFLA":  "F^RI>INGA"  (11  S.  iv.  43, 
133,  196). — DR.  MORLEY  DAVIES'S  suggestion 
is  perfectly  reasonable,  but  so  is  the  counter 
suggestion  that  the  note  was  made  because 
the  tenth-century  editor  really  knew  the 
position  of  "  Fa?rpinga."  It  may  be  taken 
for  granted  that  the  '  Tribal  Hidage  '  had 
by  that  time  ceased  to  be  understood,  as 
witness  the  summation  and  the  interpolation 
West  Sexena "  before  the  100,000. 
Guessing  at  place-names  is  of  no  help  in 
the  interpretation  of  the  document  ;  the 
possibilities  are  too  numerous.  But  there 


seems  hope  in  the  facts  that  the  Domesday 
hidage  of  the  district  herein  called  "  the 
Mercians'  land"  is  somewhere  about  30,000, 
and  that  the  compiler  had  an  orderly  mind  ; 
where  his  names  are  known  to  us,  we  find 
them  arranged  in  geographical  sequence,  as 
Peak,  Elmet,  Lindsey  with  Hatfield,  and 
the  Gyrwa  districts  ;  or,  again,  East  Angles, 
East  Saxons,  Kent,  Sussex. 

In  some  cases  Domesday  Book  fails  to 
record  the  ancient  hidage — Mr.  Baring  has 
shown  this  in  the  case  of  Northamptonshire  ; 
but  in  many  (if  not  most)  cases  it  does  so, 
or  allows  this  old  hidage  to  be  traced  out. 
I  think  it  is  more  than  a  coincidence  that 
it  gives  700  carucates  for  Derbyshire  and 
500  hides  for  Cheshire  (without  Chester), 
while  the  '  Tribal  Hidage '  assigns  1,200 
hides  to  the  Peak-dwellers.  Further  study 
of  it  may  lead  to  identifications  of  the  more 
obscure  tribal  areas,  which  seem  to  be 
mostly  in  the  East  Midland  district.  The 
situation  of  the  Chiltern-dwellers  is  known, 
and  as  "  Frcrpinga  "  is  only  in  the  fourth 
place  after  that  name,  the  tribe  was  probably 
either  part  of  the  Chiltern-dwellers  or 
seated  near  them.  "  Middle  England  "  was 
immediately  to  the  north,  and  therefore 
the  old  note  "  Fserpinga  is  in  Middle 
England"  cannot  be  rejected  off-hand. 

J.  BROWNBILL. 

"BOMBAY  DUCK"  (US.  iv.  187). — There 
are  numerous  references  to  the  Bombay 
duck,  or  bummaloe  fish,  in  Anglo-Indian 
cookery  books.  Col.  Kenny  -  Herbert 
("  Wyvern  ")  mentions  it  ;  and  in  '  Indian 
Dishes  for  English  Tables,'  by  "  Ketab  " 
(1902),  I  find  :— 

"  Sooktie  (Bombay  duck)  are  Indian  cured  fish, 
dried  and  salted  ;  they  may  be  served  at  any  meal 
as  a  relish  with  meat,  or  to  be  eaten  with  brefid  and 
butter.  To  prepare  them  for  table  toast  before  a 
clear  fire  till  quite  crisp  and  beginning  to  curl  up  ; 
serve  without  butter  or  grease  of  any  kind." 

"  Bombay  ducks  "  are  served  at  every 
reputable  London  restaurant  as  an  accom- 
paniment to  curry,  in  the  same  way  as 
"  poppadaums,"  and  a  series  of  relishes,  in 
little  dishes,  called  collectively  a  "sambal." 
"  Bombay  ducks  "  may  be  had  from  Stem- 
bridge's,  just  off  Leicester  Square. 

FRANK  SCHLOESSER. 

According  to  Ogilvie's  '  Imperial  Diction- 
ary,' "Bombay  duck"  is  the  name  of  the 
fish  Saurus  ophiodon,  called  "  bummalo " 
or  "  bummaloti  "  by  the  natives  in  India. 
I  have  seen  it  recently  on  the  bill  of  fare  of 
Lyons' s  Restaurant  in  Victoria  Street,. 
Westminster.  L.  L.  K. 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  16,  MIL]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


239 


THE  HARMONISTS  :  THE  PHILANTHROPIC 
SOCIETY  (11  S.  iv.  188). — The  latter  was 
established  in  1788,  for  the  prevention  of 
crimes,  &c.,  and  incorporated  in  1805.  It 
had  a  small  house  at  Cambridge  Heath  first, 
and  one  at  Bermondsey,  but  these  were 
superseded  by  a  larger  establishment  at 
London  Road,  near  the  Obelisk,  St.  George's 
Circus.  Part  of  this  was  called  The  Reform, 
and  here  several  trades  were  carried  on, 
printing  being  one.  About  1850  the  estab- 
lishment was  removed  to  Redhill,  Surrey, 
where,  I  believe,  the  Society  still  carries  on 
operations.  There  are  many  of  the  Society's 
reports  in  the  British  Museum,  with  lists 
of  patrons,  subscribers,  &c. 

The  Society  of  Harmonists,  formed  in 
London  in  1794,  were  glee  singers  of  a 
superior  class.  The  earliest  programme,  or 
book  of  words,  is  dated  1798,  when  they  gave 
a  Ladies'  Concert  on  22  March  of  that  year 
at  "  The  New  London  [Tavern],"  Cheapside  ; 
they  gave  another  at  the  same  place  on 
29  March,  1802.  There  are  two  books  of 
words  of  glees,  &c.,  performed  by  the  Har- 
monists, published  in  1798,  and  presented 
to  them  by  George  Fryer.  At  each  of  these 
Ladies'  Concerts,  and  in  the  book  of  words, 
the  first  item  is  '  The  Harmonists'  Glee,' 
commencing, 

Sober  lay  and  mirthful  Glee, 
Harmony,  belong  to  thee  ! 

It  was  written  for  the  society  by  Samuel 
Birch,  while  the  music  was  composed  by 
Stevens  for  three  voices  and  chorus.  This 
Samuel  Birch  was  Alderman,  dramatist, 
and  pastrycook,  and  his  shop  is  still  standing 
in  Cornhill.  The*  composer  was  Richard 
John  Samuel  Stevens,  organist  of  the 
Temple  Church  and  the  Charterhouse, 
Professor  of  Music  at  Gresham  College, 
and  a  great  glee  composer  (see  Grove's 
'Dictionary  of  Music  ').  One  of  the  books 
of  words  has  a  MS.  note  showing  that  it 
was  a  presentation  copy  from  Stevens  to 
H.  Bangley.  The  glee  was  No.  397  of  the 
*  Cyclopedia  of  Music  '  published  in  1856. 

One  of  the  six  stewards  at  the  first  Ladies' 
Concert  was  a  Mr.  Birch  ;  at  the  second 
concert  Mr.  Birch  was  again  a  steward, 
another  being  Mr.  Fryer,  whom  I  assume 
to  be  the  George  Fryer  who  appears  on  the 
book  of  words" published  in  1798  as  donor 
to  the  Harmonists  ;  but  beyond  this  I  have 
no  information. 

The  collection  mentioned  by  XYLOGRAPHER 
as  printed  in  1813  is  entirely  different  from 
the  preceding  ones.  The  title-page  is  the 
same,  with  the  exception  of  the  date,  but 
the  poetry  is  not  the  same.  A.  RHODES. 


BACON  FAMILY  OF  WILTSHIRE  (11  S.  iv. 
189).— Possibly  Hoare's  'Wiltshire,'  V.  ii. 
45,  or  '  Visitatio  Comitatus  WiltoniaB,  1623,' 
printed  by  Sir  T.  Phillipps,  may  give  a 
clue.  A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

'  PILGRIM'S  PROGRESS,'  SECOND  EDITION* 
1678  (11  S.  iv.  25).— I  am  sorry  that  I  tran- 
scribed the  extract  wrongly.  The  "  not  " 
in  1.  5  from  foot  of  col.  1  should  be  omitted. 

N.  W.  HILL. 

L ANGLE Y  HILL  (11  S.  iv.  169). — He  was 
probably  identical  with  Langley  Hill,  attor- 
ney-at-law  and  Clerk  of  the  Grocers'  Com- 
pany, who,  according  to  The  London  Evening 
Post,  No.  2850,  for  11  February,  1746,  had 
married,  "  a  few  Days  since,"  Miss  Con- 
stantia  Melmoth,  with  10,000/.,  at  Audley 
Chapel,  in  the  parish  of  St.  George,  Hanover 
Square.  DANIEL  HIPWELL. 

"  THYMALOS  "  :  "  MOUSE  OF  THE  MOUN- 
TAINS "  (11  S.  iv.  189). — According  to 
Liddell  and  Scott,  0i>/xaAAos  was  an  unknown 
fish;  they  give  a  reference  to  ^Elian,  '  N.  A.,' 
14,22.  ' 

"  Mouse  of  the  mountain "  is  given  in 
'  N.E.D.'  as  the  marmot,  with  a  quotation* 
of  1593  which  mentions  its  oil  as  an  ointment. 

W.  C.  B. 

Thymallus  or  thumallos  was  a  genus  of 
salmonoid  fishes,  the  graylings.  The  name- 
was  given  to  this  fish  by  Ausonius,  from  the 
fancied  resemblance  of  its  odour  to  that  of 
the  water-thyme  upon  which  it  was  supposed 
to  feed.  TOM  JONES. 

[MR.  A.  R.  BAYLEY  and  MR.  R.  VAUGHAN  GOWER- 
also  thanked  for  replies.] 


0tt 


The  University  of  Cambridge.  —  Vol.  III.  From 
the  Election  of  Buckingham  to  the  Chancellorship 
in  1626  to  the  Decline  of  the  Platonist  Movement. 
By  James  Bass  Mullinger.  (Cambridge  Uni- 
versity Press.) 

MORE  than  a  quarter  of  a  century,  the  Preface 
explains,  has  elapsed  since  the  second  volume  of 
this  work  appeared  ;  but  the  delay  is  amply 
justified.  Mr.  Mullinger  has  in  the  interval  beeni 
a  frequent  contributor  to  the  '  D.N.B.,'  and  has- 
gathered  from  his  work  on  that  great  collection 
of  biographies  and  the  researches  of  other  careful 
scholars  —  especially  in  various  histories  ol 
Colleges  —  a  mastery  of  detail  which  puts  his 
Cambridge  book  beyond  cavil.  The  result  is  a 
history  admirable  alike  for  its  judgment  and 
research,  supported  by  abundant  annotation  and 
a  full  index. 


240 


NOTES  AND  Q  LJERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  ie,  1911, 


The  period  is  one  in  which  "  the  importance  of 
the  two  Universities  ....  in  relation  to  the  country 
iit  large,  was  not  only  unprecedented,  but  un- 
surpassed even  in  much  later  times."  Threatened 
with  degradation  and  expulsion,  many  scholars 
held  firmly  to  the  cause  of  liberal  education  and 
spiritual  freedom.  Exiles  in  Virginia  and  Hol- 
land gratefully  regarded  Cambridge  as  the 
fountain-head  of  true  doctrine,  and  John  Harvard 
left  a  perpetual  memorial  of  his  name  in  the  new 
country.  Nor  was  the  period  one  mainly  of 
barren  theological  discussion.  Several  Professor- 
ships were  founded.  Fulke  Greville,  Lord  Brooke, 
a  poet  as  well  as  a  courtier,  had  an  enlightened 
conception  of  the  study  of  history.  A  Professor- 
ship of  Arabic  was  established  in  1632,  and  a 
Lectureship  in  Anglo-Saxon  in  1638. 

Among  the  accounts  of  the  Cambridge  Pla- 
tonists,  the  career  and  fine  character  of  Henry 
More  are  particularly  attractive.  His  con- 
ception of  the  philosophic  life  was  more  severe, 
one  fancies,  than  that  of  most  dons  before  or 
•since ;  and  putting  aside,  with  Mr.  Mullinger, 
the  absurdities  and  extravagances  of  his  studies 
in  the  Cabbala,  prophecies,  &c.,  a  modern  inclined 
to  mysticism  would  find  much  that  is  admirable 
in  his  teaching. 

On  the  social  life  of  the  times  and  the  Uni- 
versities— there  are  frequent  references  to  Oxford 
— the  volume  is  a  mine  of  information.  Here 
is  a  passage  concerning  Tobias  Conyers,  a  poor 
lad  inducted  by  his  Tutor  Hotham  into  the  place 
of  Chapel  Clerk  at  Peterhouse  in  the  absence  of 
the  Master.  Conyers,  exhilarated  by  his  promo- 
-tion,  took  to  drinking  : — 

"  In  those  days,  when  a  collegian  wanted  to 
tipple,  he  either  dropped  in  at  the  bar  of  one  of 
the  town  inns  or  into  his  college  butteries.  But 
a  '  Bible  Clerk  '  would  probably  be  chary  of 
being  seen  enter  at  the  White  Bull  or  the  White 
Horse,  and  it  was  when  he  had  one  day  been 
•  drinking  at  the  Peterhouse  tap,  that  Conyers 
was  there  joined  by  a  '  rakel  '  from  Pembroke 
Hall,  when  the  latter,  under  the  influence,  it 
may  be  conjectured,  of  the  strong  ale,  raising 
the  pewter  to  his  lips,  astounded  the  bystanders 
by  drinking  to  the  health  of — '  the  King '  ! 
Reports  were  already  current  that  Conyers  had 
been  seen  keeping  company  with  certain  '  malig- 
nants  '  ;  and  it  appears  to  have  been  undeniable 
that  on  this  occasion  he  had  '  pledged  the 
toast'  although  '  not  upon  his  knees.'  There 
was,  however,  no  help  for  it.  Hotham  sum- 
moned his  pupil  to  his  chamber,  and  there  flogged 
him  '  before  two  or  three  of  the  scholars,'  and  then 
Bent  him  home  to  his  father.  ..." 

The  result  was  a  long  and  virulent  controversy. 

WE  are  not  surprised  to  find  that  a  third  edition 
has  been  issued  of  Mr.  Frederick  Harrison's 
Notes  on  Sussex  Churches  (Hove,  Combridge). 
The  little  volume  is  handy  in  form,  and  within 
its  modest  limits  offers  a  great  deal  of  concise 
information  on  the  many  noteworthy  churches 
of  the  county.  The  present  edition  has  been 
revised  and  enlarged,  and  is  well  illustrated. 
It  should  find  its  way  into  the  pocket  of  the 
many  wayfarers  who  enjoy  the  air  of  the  downs 
or  the  greater  excitements  of  the  seaside.  The 
prefatory  '  Notes  on  Architecture '  are  very 
useful,  for  they  indicate  the  various  styles  and 
the  books  to  which  the  real  student  will  go  for 
.ampler  understanding. 


The  National  Review  for  this  month  is  as  out- 
spoken as  usual  concerning  politics,  and  puts 
forward  as  its  "  delenda  est  Carthago " 
"  B.  M.  G.,"  which  constant  readers  will  easily 
interpret  as  indicating  the  disappearance  of  Mr. 
Balfour  from  leadership.  "  .Die-hard  "  has  some 
verses  '  To  the  Noble  Abstainer  and  the  Noble 
Renegade.'  Further  comment  in  prose  brings 
in  the  royal  prerogative  in  a  way  of  which  we 
cannot  approve.  Capt.  Humphries  has  an 
interesting  article  on  '  The  Homing  Power  of 
Animals,'  and  Mr.  A.  Maurice  Low  writes  well,  as 
usual,  on  '  American  Affairs.'  Under  the  title 
of  '  A  Shooting  Star '  Capt.  H  arry  Graham  con- 
siders the  career  of  Charles  Townshend,  who 
was  a  skilful  trimmer  in  politics,  and  in  1759, 
according  to  Hujne,  "  passed  for  the  cleverest 
fellow  in  England."  He  had  no  great  know- 
ledge, but  a  positive  genius  for  debate.  Some 
amusing  anecdotes  appear  in  this  article.  '  The 
Creed  of  an  Agnostic  Spiritualist,'  by  Mr.  J. 
Arthur  Hill,  is  also  worth  attention.  He  is  a 
"  psychical  researcher,"  and  inclined  to  accept, 
rather  against  his  will,  the  position  that  things 
happen  which  orthodox  science  does  not  account 
for. 

FRIENDS  will  be  glad  to  hear  that  Mr.  John 
Collins  Francis  is  making  good  recovery  from  the 
sudden  illness  which  was  the  sequel  of  a  chill  four 
weeks  back. 


to 


We  must  call  special  attention  to  the  followino 
notices:— 

ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries  '  "—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub^ 
Ushers  "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  B.C. 

To  secure  insertion  of  communications  corre- 
spondents must  observe  the  following  rules.  Let 
each  note,  query,  or  reply  be  written  on  a  separate 
slip  of  paper,  with  the  signature  of  the  writer  and 
such  address  as  he  wishes  to  appear.  When  answer- 
ing queries,  or  making  notes  with  regard  to  previous 
entries  in  the  paper,  contributors  are  requested  to 
put  in  parentheses,  immediately  after  the  exact 
heading,  the  series,  volume,  and  page  or  pages  to 
which  they  refer.  Correspondents  who  repeat 
queries  are  requested  to  head  the  second  com- 
munication "  Duplicate." 

COCYTUS  ("  T.  K.  Hervey  ").—  A  list  of  Hervey's 
works  is^  appended  to  the  account  of  him  in  the 
'  p.N.B.'  His  poems  were  collected  by  his 
widow,  and  published  in  1866  at  Boston,  Mass. 

E.  M.  F.  ("  Construction  of  an  ^Eolian  Harp").  — 
See  the  replies  at  9  S.  x.  514  ;  xi.  33. 

F.  H.  S.—  Forwarded. 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  23,  mi.]      NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


241 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  23,  1911. 


OONTENTS.-No.   91. 

NOTES  :— The"ophile  Gautier,  241— Shakespeariana,  243— 
Mr.  Weare:  Thurtell :  VV.  Webb  —  Queen  Elizabeth's 
Portraits  at  Hampton  Court,  244  —  Roger,  Bishop  of 
St.  Andrews,  and  Queen  Ermengard  —  Buckland  and 
Richard  Bell,  245  —  Holinshed  Bibliography  —  Finch 
Family  Tradition — Dumas  on  Cleopatra's  Needles,  246 — 
Army  Bandmasters  and  Officers'  Mess— Bishop  Zachary 
Pearce,  247. 

QUERIES:  — Bristol  M.P.'s— '  Essay  on  the  Theatre'— 
Madeleine  Hamilton  Smith,  247—'  Lord  Macaulay's  Last 
Lines' — Printers'  Errors  in  'Pickwick  Papers' — "Our 
incomparable  Liturgy  "— "  Ignoble  tobagie  "—Pirates  on 
Stealing — Gold  Ring  at  Verulam  —  Noble  Families  in 
Shakespeare,  248— Author  of  'Guy  Livingstone'— Reuben 
Browning's  Latinity — Ragnor  Lodbrok's  Sons — H.  Etough 
—Salisbury  of  WestmeUh— Griffin :  Wilkes:  Arnold- 
Sir  J.  Fen  wick,  249— Beszant  Family— Etherington  Family 
— "  Scotch  science  "—  Cymmau  —  West-Country  Charm- 
Dates  in  Roman  Numerals — Trees  growing  from  Graves — 
"  Beat  as  Batty  "—Judge  M'Clelland,  250. 

REPLIES: -Private  Lunatic  Asylums— Strawberry  Hill, 
251 — "J'y  suis,  j'y  reste" — Eighteenth-Century  Shake- 
speares,  252—'  Church  Historians  of  England,'  253— John 
Niandser — "  All  my  eye  and  Betty  Martin,"  254 — French 
Coins  — Grinling  Gibbons  and  Rogers,  255— "Apssen 
counter  "—Urban  V.— Lieut. -Col.  Ollney,  256— C.  Elstob 
— Highgate  Archway— Black  Stockings— St.  Esprit— The 
Lord  Chief  Justice  and  the  Sheriff,  257— Club  Etranger— 
Cardinal  Allen— Jew  and  Jewson— Metal  Box— Leman 
Street— Dickens  and  Thackeray— The  Cuckoo,  258— Daniel 
Horry— Rev.  J.  Hutchins— Bibles  with  Curious  Readings 
— "Put  that  in  your  pipe"  —  Twins  and  Second  Sight 
— "  Castles  in  Spain  "— "  Sevecher,"  259. 

NOTES   ON  BOOKS:— 'A    History   of    Architecture   in 

London.' 
Notices  to  Correspondents. 


THEOPHILE    GAUTIER. 
31  AUG.,  1811—23  OCT.,  1872. 

THE  present  year  is  memorable  as  the  cen- 
tenary of  the  birth  of  two  men  who  have 
exercised  in  not  dissimilar  ways  a  powerful 
influence  upon  the  literature  of  their  re- 
spective countries  —  William  Makepeace 
Thackeray  and  Theophile  Gautier.  Both 
were  novelists,  poets,  travellers,  essayists, 
and  art-critics.  As  a  novel,  '  Mademoiselle 
de  Maupin  '  can  scarcely  be  deemed  inferior 
to  '  Vanity  Fair  '  ;  as  a  series  of  poems, 

*  Emaux     et    Camees '     will    probably    be 
thought  to  occupy  a  higher  place  than  the 

*  Ballads  '  ;    as  a  book  of  travels,   '  Tra  los 
Montes  '    possesses   qualities  which  we  fail 
to  find  in  '  A  Journey  from  Cornhill  to  Grand 
Cairo '  ;     but    in    the    art    of    the    essayist 
there   is  perhaps  nothing  in  the  works   of 
Gautier    which    is    quite    comparable    with 
the     '  Roundabout     Papers.'     The     Basque 


blood  in  Gautier  naturally  inclined  him  to 
romance,  and  it  was  about  the  time  that 
Thackeray  was  making  his  first  attempts 
at  art-criticism  in  the  Pays  Latin  of  '  The 
Paris  Sketch-Book  '  that  "  Theo  le  Chevelu  " 
began  to  think  of  deserting  the  pencil  for 
the  pen. 

An  ardent  admirer  of  Hugo,  to  whom  he 
had  been  introduced  by  Sainte-Beuve — 
the  "  oncle  Beuve  "  of  his  ever-affectionate 
admiration — he  first  came  into  prominent 
notice  when,  a  lad  of  eighteen,  he  led  the 
claque  at  the  first  performance  of  '  Hernani ' 
on  25  February,  1830,  wearing  the  famous 
crimson  waistcoat  which  became  the  ori- 
namme  of  the  "  Romantics."  "  Je  n'ai 
jamais  mis  mon  gilet  rouge  qu'une  fois  ; 
je  1'ai  porte  toute  ma  vie,"  said  Gautier — 
a  statement  true  perhaps  in  spirit,  but 
inexact  in  point  of  detail,  for  he  not  only 
wore  it  on  every  one  of  the  thirty-two  days 
during  which  the  play  ran,  but  at  several 
dinner-parties  during  the  course  of  that 
eventful  year. 

A  few  months  afterwards,  while  the 
Revolution  of  July  was  in  full  swing,  he 
produced  his  first  little  volume  of  '  Poesies,' 
which  was  printed  at  his  father's  expense. 
Every  day  the  anxious  poet  went  to  the 
shop  of  the  bookseller  Mary,  who  had  pub- 
lished the  book,  and  peered  through  the 
glass  windows  in  the  hope  of  seeing  the 
little  heap  of  unsold  copies  diminishing 
in  bulk  ;  but  there  was  scarcely  any  sale, 
and  in  1833  the  190  pages  of  which  the  book 
was  composed  were  incorporated  in  another 
volume  called  '  Albertus,  ou  1'ame  et  le 
peche,'  which  contained  nothing  new  except 
the  poem  from  which  it  took  its  title  and 
twenty  other  pieces.  This  also  had  scarcely 
any  sale,  and  Gautier  took  over  nearly 
the  whole  issue  and  distributed  the  copies 
as  presents  to  his  friends.  Like  too  many 
others,  the  book  had  no  value  until  it  was 
out  of  print.  At  the  present  time  both 
these  little  volumes  are  worth  their  weight 
in  gold  ;  and  even  in  1886  the  Noilly  copy 
of  the  '  Poesies,'  enriched  with  several 
original  sketches  by  Gautier  and  numerous 
autograph  poems,  fetched  as  much  as 
2,370  francs.  To-day  it  would  be  worth 
considerably  more  than  double  as  much. 

In  the  same  year  Gautier  published  '  Les 
Jeunes-France,'  a  collection  of  short  stories 
which  was  the  beginning  of  his  fame.  This 
was  followed  two  years  later  by  the  great 
romance  which  established  his  reputation, 
and  which,  with  the  exception  of  *  Emaux 
et  Camees,'  is  perhaps  the  only  work  of 
Gautier  which  will  survive  the  test  of  Time — 


242 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  iv.  SEPT.  23, 1911. 


'  Mademoiselle  de  Maupin  ' — the  only  work, 
moreover,  which  he  asked  his  daughters  not 
to  read,  as  he  felt  he  could  not  look  them 
comfortably  in  the  face  if  they  did  so.* 
In  1838  appeared  the  romance  of  '  For- 
tunio,'  which  had  run  through  Le  Figaro 
the  previous  year  as  a  feuilleton  under  the 
title  of  '  L'Eldorado  '  ;  and  also  a  volume 
of  poems,  called  '  La  Comedie  de  la  Mort.' 
His  next  work,  which  was  published  in  1839, 
was  'Une  Larme  du  Diable,'  which  amongst 
other  matter,  contained  three  short  stories 
— *  Le  Petit  Chien  de  la  Marquise,'  '  La 
Morte  Amour euse,'  and  '  Une  Nuit  de 
Cleopatre  ' — each  a  masterpiece  in  its  re- 
spective genre.  In  1843  the  delightful 
account  of  his  travels  in  Spain,  known  as 
'  Tra  los  Monies,'  was  published  ;  in  1852 
the  '  Emaux  et  Camees,'  and  in  1863  '  Le 
Capitaine  Fracasse,'  a  cape-and-sword  ro- 
mance which  had  been  on  the  stocks  a  long 
time,  as  it  was  announced  as  being  "  sous 
presse  "  in  the  '  Fortunio  '  volume  of  1838. 
Many  other  works  were  published  from 
time  to  time,  but  with  the  exception  of 
'  Le  Roman  de  la  Momie,'  which  appeared 
in  1858,  they  were  more  or  less  of  a  journal- 
istic nature. 

Notwithstanding  his  red  waistcoat,  his 
frogged  redingote,  his  blague,  and  his  tumul- 
tuous entries,  with  the  other  young  bloods 
of  Bohemia,  into  La  Chaumiere  and  the 
other  dancing-saloons  of  Montmartre,  Theo 
was  naturally  of  a  gentle,  and  even  timid, 
disposition.  All  this  tapage  merely  served 
as  a  cloak  to  his  real  character.  Conse- 
quently, after  sharing  for  some  years  a 
set  of  rooms  in  the  Hue  du  Doyenne  with 
his  friends  Arsene  Houssaye,  Gerard  de 
Nerval,  and  Camille  Kogier,  and  tasting 
all  the  pleasures  that  Bohemia  could  give, 
his  thoughts  began  to  turn  to  domesticity. 
He  married  Ernest  a  G-risi,  the  sister  of  the 
famous  Giulia,  the  singer,  and  the  no  less 
celebrated  Carlotta,  the  dancer,  with  the 
latter  of  whom  he  had  been  desperately, 
but  hopelessly,  in  love.  They  lived  together 
happily  enough,  and  when  she  died,  she 
left  him,  like  Thackeray,  Math  two  daughters, 
who  were  the  joy  of  his  declining  years. 
But  in  order  to  provide  them  with  bread 
and  butter,  he  had  to  work  like  a  slave  at 
journalism.  Like  Thackeray  again,  he  de- 
tested regular  work,  and  he  could  never 
keep  his  study  in  order.  His  daughter 
Judith  tells  us  how  he  would  make  an 
extempore  desk  of  two  or  three  books, 


*  Gautier  sold  this  book  to  the  publisher  Eugene 
Renduel  for  1,509  francs.  A  single  copy  would 
fetch  double  that  sum  nowadays. 


placed  one  on  top  of  the  other  ;  would  hunt 
for  his  pen  and  ink,  which  were  usually 
nowhere  to  be  found  ;  and  would  send  over 
to  the  grocer's  for  a  quire  of  paper.  He 
did  not  care  what  noise  was  in  the  room, 
and  preferred,  indeed,  to  be  "  un  peu 
derange."  But  once  he  was  settled  down, 
his  pen  ran  on  steadily,  and  half-sheets  of 
writing  paper  were  soon  covered  with  his 
beautifully  clear  and  neat  handwriting — 
not  very  unlike  Thackeray's,  by  the  way. 
No  erasures  were  ever  made,  nor  was  it 
necessary  to  read  a  proof.  "  La  phrase 
arrive,"  he  told  his  daughter,  "  choisie  et 
definitive  :  c'est  dans  ma  cervelle  que  les 
ratures  sont  faites." 

After  a  hard  day's  work,  the  evenings  in 
the  little  white  villa  at  Neuilly  were  spent 
in  acting  charades  and  other  forms  of 
amusement,  and  on  Thursday  evenings  the 
house  was  open  to  friends.  Gustave  Dore 
was  a  frequent  visitor  :  he  hated  to  hear  his 
paintings  praised,  but  loved  to  be  nattered 
on  the  manner  in  which  he  sang  his  Tyrolese 
songs  or  played  the  violin,  or  on  his  skill 
as  a  conjurer  or  as  an  organizer  of  charades 
and  tableaux  vivants.  Sometimes  the  sar- 
donic face  of  the  younger  Dumas  would 
peer  through  the  half-open  Venetians,  and 
his  sinister  voice  would  terrify  the  girls  by 
exclaiming  in  the  midst  of  their  games  : 
"  Quelle  famille  !  " 

The  end  came  after  a  long  illness,  during 
which  the  great  stylist  never  ceased  to 
indulge  in  dreams  and  to  project  new 
fashions  in  writing.  A  monument  was 
raised  to  his  memory  in  the  volume  of 
elegies  called  '  Le  Tombeau  de  Theophile 
Gautier,'  in  which  the  introductory  poem 
was  written  by  his  master,  Victor  Hugo,, 
who  was  his  senior  in  age  by  nine  years, 
and  was  to  survive  him  by  thirteen  more. 
In  this  poem  a  fine  panegyric  is  bestowed 
on  the  dead  writer  : — 

Fils  de  la  Grece  antique  et  de  la  jeune  France, 

Mage  a  Thebes,  druide  au  pied  du  noir  menhir. 

But  the  chief  interest  to  English  readers 
lies  in  the  fact  that  the  great  poet  whose 
loss  we  had  not  long  ago  to  deplore  con- 
tributed no  fewer  than  six  pieces  to  the 
collection — two  in  English,  two  in  French, 
one  in  Latin,  and  one  in  Greek.  No  finer 
tribute  from  one  poet  to  another  could  be 
found  than  the  '  Memorial  Verses,'  crowned 
with  the  following  lines: — 

Blue  lotus-blooms  and  white  and  rosy-red 
We  wind  with  poppies  for  thy  silent  head. 

And  on  this  margin  of  the  sundering  sea 
Leave  thy  sweet  light  to  rise  upon  the  dead. 

W,  F;  PRIDEAUX, 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  23,  ion.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


243 


SHAKESPEARIANA. 

'  LEAR,'  III.  vi.  :   THE  COURT. — 

Lear.  I  will  arraign  them  straight. 

[To Edgar]   Come,   sit   thou    here,    most    learned 

justicer.  III.  vi.  22-3. 

Thou- robed  man  of  justice,  take  thy  place. 
[To    the,    Fool}    And    thou,    his    yoke  -  fellow    of 

equity, 
Bench  by  his  side.      [To  Kent  ]    You  are  o'  the 

commission, 
Sit  you  too.  III.  vi.  39 -42. 

The  mad  king  is  constituting  a  court  to 
try  the  unnatural  daughters  who  are  haunting 
his  imagination.  One  could  hardly  blame 
him  if  he  were  confused  in  his  ideas  about 
the  tribunal  he  was  establishing,  and  it  would 
perhaps  be  vain  to  attempt  to  identify  the 
court  with  any  of  those  known  in  the  Tudor 
times. 

It  seems  that  the  court  has  been  taken  by 
a  very  learned  editor  (the  late  W.  J.  Craig) 
to  be  a  Court  of  Petty  Sessions,  but  it  is 
really  a  much  higher  tribunal. 

"  Justicer  "  is  a  corruption  of  "  Justiciar," 
a  high  officer  in  the  time  of  William  I.,  who 
took  the  king's  place  when  the  latter  was 
absent  from  the  land,  and  held  a  position  to 
which  the  Chancellor  succeeded  under 
Edward  I.  The  word  continued  to  be  used 
in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth  for  a  High  Court 
judge  and  also  for  a  justice  of  the  peace. 
The  words  "  most  learned "  may  suggest 
that  the  High  Court  or  professional  lawyer 
(who  would  be  a  "robed  man  of  justice") 
is  intended ;  and  the  expression  "  his 
yoke-fellow  of  equity "  makes  this  very 
probable.  The  latter  can  hardly  be  used  of  a 
justice  of  the  peace,  who  had  no  equitable 
jurisdiction,  but  applies  rather  to  the 
Chancellor,  who  might  be  described  as  the 
"  yoke-fellow  of  equity "  of  the  Chief 
Justice  of  the  King's  Bench.  Certainly  a 
justice  of  the  peace  would  not  be  put  on  a 
level  of  judicial  equality  (yoke-fellow)  with 
the  Lord  Chancellor. 

The  word  "  commission "  is  taken  by 
Mr.  Craig  ('Lear,'  "  Arden  Shakespeare") 
to  mean  a  justice  of  the  peace.  We  speak  of 
"  commission  of  the  peace,"  but  we  also 
speak  of  "  commission  of  Assize,"  and  those 
"o'  the  commission"  are  High  Court  judges 
or  have  the  status  of  such  for  the  Assize. 
We  are  told  of  the  "  sergeant  of  the  lawe  " 
that 

Justice  he  was  ful  often  in  assyse 

By  patente,  and  by  pleyn  commissiouu. 

I  think  it  is   "  commission "   in  the  higher 
sense  to  which  Kent  has  been  appointed. 


I  do  not  suggest  that  Shakspere  had  the 
Star  Chamber  in  mind  when  he  formed  a 
court  consisting  of  a  temporal  peer,  the 
Chancellor,  and  a  [?  Chief]  Justice  ;  but  these 
were  actually  members  of  the  Star  Chamber 
as  constituted  by  Henry  VII. 

This  note  does  not  positively  state  what  the 
exact  nature  of  the  court  is  ;  it  only  strives, 
to  show  that  it  is  not  a  tribunal  presided 
over  by  a  j  ustice  of  the  peace  that  is  intended.. 

P.    A.    McELWAINE. 
'LUCRECE,'   1086. 

Revealing  day  through  every  cranny  spies. 
The  so-called  Northumberland  MS.  has  on 
its  front  cover  a  variant  of  this  line  : — 

Revealing  day  through  every  cranny  peeps. 
Marston,    in   an   early   allusion   hitherto,    I 
believe,  unnoticed,  '  2  Antonio  and  Mellida,' 
I.  ii.   23-4,  paraphrases  Shakespeare's  line,, 
but  prefers  the  MS.  version  : — 

yon  faint  glimmering  light 

Ne'er  peep'd  through  the  crannies  of  the  East,. 

CHAS.  A.  HERPICH. 
New  York. 

[The  Northumberland  MS.  surely  gives  a  casual 
remembrance  of  the  line  rather  than  a  reading. 
The  word  "  spies "  is  necessary  because  it  rimes, 
with  "  eyes"  lower  down.  ] 

'  2  HENRY  IV.,'  II.  iv.  21  :  ULYSSES  AND» 
UTIS  (11  S.  iv.  83). — The  same  explanation 
of  "  Utis  "  is  offered  by  Mr.  Gollancz  in  the 
notes  to  "  The  Temple  Shakspere,"  and  is  also 
given  in  Phin's  '  Shakspere  Cyclopaedia,' 
the  latter  a  very  useful  book  which  might, 
be  better  known.  W.  E.  WILSON. 

Hawick. 

SHAKESPEARE  AND  "  WARRAY  "  :  SONNET- 
CXLVI.  (11  S.  iv.  84). — I  cannot  help  thinking 
that  if  Shakespeare's  "  array  "  =  "  warray," 
it  was  the  survival  of  the  word  "  verye  '* 
used  in  the  night-spell  of  Chaucer's  *  Milleres 
Tale  '  :— 

Jesus  Crist,  and  seynt  Benedight, 
Blesse  this  hous  from  every  wikked  wight, 
For  nightes  verye,  the  white  pater-noster  ! 
q.e.d.   against  night   "  perils  and  dangers," 
annoyance  ("  worry  "),  say  the  white  pater- 
noster, the  white  paternoster  being  a  devo- 
tional charm  which  is  to  be  read  in  Thorns' s- 
paper    on   the    above   passage   in   Folk-lore 
Record,  vol.  i.  p.  151.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

Miss  GUINEY'S  ingenious  suggestion  is; 
surely  unnecessary.  However  we  read  the 
first  words  of  the  line — and  many  different 
readings  have,  as  is  well  known,  been 
favoured  by  different  editors — "  array " 
makes  good  sense — better,  it  seems  to  me,. 


244 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  23, 1911. 


than  "  warray."  There  is  no  military  sug- 
gestion in  it ;  to  array  means  here  simply 
to  clothe  ;  the  soul,  the  centre  of  our  com- 
posite being,  is  represented  as  clad  in  flesh — 
*'  sinful  earth " — one  of  the  commonest 
of  metaphors.  If  we  look  at  the  original 
version  as  given  by  Main  from  the  quarto, 
the  proposed  emendation  appears  even  less 
likely  than  when  it  is  compared  with  some 
modern  versions  : — 
Poore  soule  the  center  of  my  sinf  ull  earth, 
My  sinfull  earth  these  rebbell  powres  that  thee 
array. 

None  of  the  emendations  of  the  first  half 
•of  the  second  line  is  perhaps  final,  but 
"  these  "  ought  to  be  allowed  to  stand,  arid 
"  these  "  evidently  refers  to  actually  present 
objects,  the  powers  of  the  body.  Dyce 
reads  "  those,"  which  might  refer  to 
distant  powers,  but  "these"  cannot.  And 
the  whole  sonnet  is  concerned  similarly 
with  the  antithesis  of  soul  and  body  in  such 
a  way  as  should  make  it  needless  to  ques- 
tion the  accepted  reading.  C.  C.  B. 


MR.    WM.    WEARE  :     THURTELL  : 
WILLIAM    WEBB. 

(See  6  S.  xi.  468  et  seq.  ;   8  S.  iv.  216  et  seq.) 

THE  above  references  will  suffice  to  put 
readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  on  the  track  of  a  con- 
siderable correspondence  which  took  place 
in  the  summer  of  1885  and  autumn  of  1893 
.as  to  the  genesis  of  the  well-known  Catnach 
rime 

They  cut  his  throat  from  ear  to  ear — 
..a  question  which  was  also  discussed  by 
George  Augustus  Sala  in  his  '  Echoes  of  the 
Week  '  in  The  Illustrated  London  News  in 
-the  autumn  of  1884.  The  authorship  was 
attributed  to  Thackeray,  Hood,  and  other 
eminent  personages.  It  may  therefore  in- 
terest some  of  your  readers  to  revert  to  the 
subject,  so  I  give  certain  particulars  I  have 
discovered  for  what  they  are  worth. 

In  vol.  ii.  of  The  Sporting  Review  for  1839 
Lord  William  Lennox  contributed  an  article 
on  the  '  Industrious  Classes  of  the  Metro- 
polis,' which  he  entitled  '  No.  2.  The  Last 
of  the  Links. ' 

The  subject  of  his  article  was  one  William 
Webb,  otherwise  known  as  "  Flare  up  " 
alias  "  Hoppy."  He  had  fallen  from  the 
high  estate  of  a  tumbler  in  a  perambulating 
circus  to  being  a  linkman.  He  was  trans- 
ported for  stealing  the  jewels  of  a  prima 
donna  while  she  was  leaving  the  Opera- 
House,  and  died  on  his  way  to  the  Antipodes. 


Lord  William  describes  him  as  very  versatile 
and  witty,  and  as  the  author  of  numerous 
proverbs  and  bon  -  mots.  He  attributes 
to  him  the  origin  of  the  saying, 

He  that  prigs  vot  is  not  his'n, 

If  he's  cotched  must  go  to  prison. 

That  he  had  a  vein  of  humour  is  unques- 
tionable, for,  when  sentenced  to  transporta- 
tion for  life,  he  bowed  to  the  Recorder  and 
asked  if  he  could  be  favoured  with  an  "  addi- 
tional week."  When  about  to  start  on  his 
last  journey,  he  wrote  to  a  friend  saying 
that  he  contemplated  a  trip  to  a  remote 
colony,  and  should  shortly  embark  in  a  ship 
that  had  been  provided  for  him  at  the 
expense  of  the  country,  adding  that  he 
took  with  him  a  letter  of  introduction  from 
the  Secretary  of  State,  and  was  transported 
at  the  idea. 

Lord  William  asserts  with  some  confidence 
that  he  was  the  author  of  the  following 
poem  (!),  which,  it  will  be  seen,  includes  the 
lines  that  have  been  already  so  fully  dis- 
cussed : — 

Air — "  There  is  nae  luck  about  the  house." 

They  asked  him  down  from  London  town 
A-shooting  for  to  go, 

But  little  did  the  gemman  think 
As  they  would  shoot  him  too. 

So  Ruthven  went,  from  Bow.  Street  sent, 

Searching  the  country  over 
Until  he  pitched  into  Joe  Hunt, 

John  Thurtell,  and  Bill  Probert. 

His  throat  they  cut  from  ear  to  ear, 

His  brains  they  punched  in  ; 
His  name  was  Mr.  William  Weare 

Wot  lived  in  Lyon's  Inn. 

Confined  he  was  in  Hertford  Jail, 

A  jury  did  him  try, 
And  worthy  Mr.  Justice  Park 

Condemned  him  for  to  die. 

Now  Mr.  Andrews  he  did  strive, 

And  Mr.  Chitty  too, 
To  save  the  wicked  wretch  alive  ; 

But  no  !    it  would  not  do. 

Upon  the  gallows  tree  he  hung, 

Suspended  by  the  neck. 
This  fatal  story  have  we  sung 

Foul  murder  for  to  check. 

Lord  William  cites  the  above  from  memory, 
he  says,  but  leaves  the  impression  on  the 
reader  that  there  were  still  other  stanzas. 

WlLLOUGHBY   MAYCOCK. 


QUEEN  ELIZABETH'S  PORTRAITS  AT  HAMP- 
TON COURT  BY  ZUCCARO  OR  ZUCCHERO. 
(See  11  S.  iii.  487.)— To  one  of  J.  P.  R 's 
queries  an  answer  may  be  found  in  Mrs. 
Jameson's  '  Handbook  to  the  Public  Gal- 
leries of  Art  in  and  near  London,'  John 
Murray,  f  1845. 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  23,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


245 


In  Part  II.  the  Hampton  Court  catalogue, 
are,  s.v.  Frederic  Zuccaro  : — 
243.  Queen  Elizabeth,   holding  a  feather  fan.     To 

the  waist ;  less  than  life.     When  about  50. 
658.  Queen   Elizabeth,    full   length,  in  a  fantastic 

dress. 

As  to  the  latter,  an  extract  from  Walpole, 
i.  271,  is  given. 

In  the  1871  reprint  of  the  1786  edition  of 
Horace  Walpole' s  'Anecdotes  of  Painting 
in  England,'  p.  91,  s.v.  Frederick  Zucchero, 
is  the  following,  which  differs  very  slightly 
from  Mrs.  Jameson's  version  : — 

"  She  is  drawn  in  a  forest,  a  stag  behind  her,  and 
on  a  tree  are  inscribed  these  mottoes  and  verses. 
which,  as  we  know  not  on  what  occasion  the  piece 
was  painted,  are  not  easily  to   be   interpreted: — 
'  Injusti  justa  querela ' ;    a  little   lower,    '  Mea  sic 
mihi';   still  lower,    '  Dolor  est  mediciria  ed  tori' 
(should  be,  '  dolori ').    On  a  scroll  at  the  bottom— 
The  restless  swallow  fits  my  restlesse  mind, 
In  still  revivinge,  still  renewinge  wrongs ; 
Her  juste  complaints  of  cruelty  unkinde 
Are  all  the  musique  that  my  life  prolonges." 

Ten  more  lines  follow.     Walpole  adds  : — 

"  Tradition  gives  these  lines  to  Spenser :  I  think 
we  may  fairly  acquit  him  of  them,  and  conclude  they 
are  of  her  majesty's  own  composition,  as  they  much 
resemble  the  style  of  those  in  Hentznerus,  p.  66  of 


the  English  edition." 


ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 


ROGER,  BISHOP  OF  ST.  ANDREWS,  AND 
ERMENGARD,  QUEEN  OF  SCOTLAND. — In  the 
'  D.N.B.'  life  of  Roger,  Bishop  of  St.  Andrews 
(d.  1202) — a  younger  son  of  Robert  de  Beau- 
mont, 3rd  Earl  of  Leicester — it  is  said  that 
"the  marriage  in  1186  of  his  relative 
Ermengarde,  daughter  of  Richard,  Viscount 
de  Beaumont,  with  William  the  Lion,  King 
of  Scotland,  probably  accounts  for  the 
description  of  him  as  cousin  of  the  king." 

I  do  not  know  how  "the  queen  could  be 
related  to  the  bishop,  and  suspect  that  the 
writer  may  have  confused  Ermengard's 
family  with  the  great  Norman  house  of 
Beaumont,  of  which  Roger  was  a  scion.  In 
any  case  no  such  explanation  is  required, 
as  the  king  and  the  bishop  were  undoubtedly 
cousins,  both  being  descended  from  Isabel, 
daughter  of  Hugh  the  Great,  Count  of 
Vermandois,  younger  son  of  Henry  I., 
King  of  France.  The  bishop  was  great- 
grandson  of  her  first  marriage,  with  Robert 
de  Beaumont,  Count  of  Meulan  and  (after- 
wards) 1st  Earl  of  Leicester ;  whilst  the 
king  was  grandson  of  her  second  marriage, 
with  William  de  Warenne,  2nd  Earl  of 
Surrey. 

As  Roger  died  in  1202,  and  he  was  one  of 
the  witnesses  to  the  charter  of  his  brother 
Robert,  4th  Earl  of  Leicester,  to  the  monks 


of  St.  Andrew  of  Gouffern  ( '  Cal.  Documents 
in  France,'  No.  607),  we  can  reduce  the  date- 
limits  of  this  charter  from  "1198-1204" 
to  1198-1202.  G.  H.  WHITE. 

St.  Cross,  Harleston,  Norfolk. 

FRANK  BUCKLAND  AND  RICHARD  BELL. — 
A  few  weeks  ago  I  had  occasion  to  consult 
an  article  in  The  Bankers'  Magazine  concern- 
ing the  forgery  of  bank-notes  by  the  French 
prisoners  of  war  during  the  conflict  with 
Napoleon  which  marked  the  opening  years 
of  the  nineteenth  century.  The  subject, 
though  of  interest  in  one  way,  is  foreign 
to  this  note,  with  one  exception,  which 

?erhaps   is  worth  recording   in    '  N.    &   Q.' 
he  forgeries  at   the  best  were  somewhat 
clumsy,    but   circumstances   favoured   their 
circulation. 

The  gentleman  for  whom  I  made  the  con- 
sultation, though  a  native  of  Scotland,  has 
resided  many  years  in  the  Midlands,  and 
told  me  that  he  paid  his  entrance  University 
fees  with  Scotch  bank-notes  ;  the  recipient 
closely  scanned  the  new  ones,  but  accepted 
the  dirty  ones  which  had  been  in  circulation 
without  looking  at  them.  A  hundred  years 
ago  coin  was  scarce,  and  one-pound  notes 
were  the  ordinary  means  of  circulation  for 
small  amounts,  and  the  circulation  of  forged 
notes  was  facilitated  by  the  dirty  appearance 
and  state  of  the  notes.  As  a  piece  of  evi- 
dence I  showed  the  gentleman  the  following 
extract : — 

"  The  total  value  of  the  lot  of  sheep  on  the  Scars 
was  very  great.  The  money  transactions  take  place 
seldom  by  cheque,  generally  by  notes  and  gold. 
Mr.  Bell  showed  me  the  money  he  had  received  for 
his  lambs.  I  not  only  saw,  but  smelt  the  money 
from  afar.  It  consisted  of  a  roll  of  Scotch  bank 
one-pound  notes,  nasty,  dirty,  ragged  pieces  of 
paper,  looking  only  fit  for  the  fire.  These  notes,  I 
understand,  are  sometimes  quite  intolerable ;  the 
notes  from  Wick  are  the  worst,  there  is  a  charming 
odour  of  fish  about  them.  Mr.  Bell's  notes  smelt  of 
sheep." 

This  is  from  an  article  in  Frank  Buckland's 
'  Notes  and  Jottings  from  Animal  Life,' 
ed.  1882,  pp.  37-48,  entitled  '  Carlisle  Cattle 
Market.'  Buckland  says  his  guide  was  a 
Mr.  Bell  of  Langholme,  who  took  him  to  his 
house,  and  showed  him  the  "  Hand-fasting 
place  "  (p.  45).  Parenthetically,  it  may  be 
stated  that  this  bit  of  folk-lore  has  already 
been  discussed  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  (see  1  S.  ii.  151, 
282,  342),  and  it  was  usually  assumed  to  be 
a  Scottish  betrothal  custom,  but  from 
Hone's  '  Year-Book,'  p.  525,  we  find  the 
custom  was  in  vogue  near  Weymouth  as 
late  as  1817. 

On  showing  the  extract  to  my  Scottish 
friend,  he  at  once  spoke  of  a  Mr.  Richard 


246 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [u  s.  iv.  SBPT.  23,  mi. 


Bell,  whom  he  once  knew  as  a  great  natural- 
ist, an  eccentric,  and  an  enthusiast,  and 
who  died  recently  at  an  advanced  age.  He 
told  me  also  several  anecdotes  about  him 
which  I  cannot  repeat,  but  on  consulting 
the  British  Museum  Catalogue,  I  found  a 
Richard  Bell  of  Castle  Oer  entered  as  the 
author  of  a  book  called  '  My  Strange  Pets 
and  other  Memories  of  a  Country  Life,'  pub- 
lished in  1905.  A  casual  glance  sufficed  to 
show  the  identity  of  the  two  men.  Frank 
Buckland  speaks  of  his  museum  and  his 
kangaroo  and  pair  of  storks  (p.  45),  but  at  the 
end  of  Bell's  fascinating  volume,  pp.  156-70, 
is  a  correction  of  Frank  Buckland' s  account 
of  the  visit.  Mr.  Bell  says  that  Buckland 
has  confounded  a  formal  visit  with  Mr. 
Bartlett  (?  of  the  Zoological  Gardens), 
which  occurred  on  19  September,  1874,  with 
a  casual  meeting  on  9  September,  1873,  at 
Carlisle.  A.  RHODES. 

HOLINSHED  BIBLIOGRAPHY.  —  In  the 
article  on  Holinshed  in  the  '  D.N.B.'  (new 
edition,  vol.  ix.  p.  1025,  col.  1)  it  is  stated 
in  the  description  of  the  first  edition  of  the 
*  Chronicles,'  that  the  arms  on  the  back  of 
the  title-page  are  those  of  William  Cecil, 
Lord  Burghley.  I  find  the  same  statement 
made  in  Hazlitt's  '  Bibliographical  Collec- 
tions,' First  Series,  p.  217. 

The  arms  are  surely  those  of  Holinshed 
himself  (see  Burke' s  '  General  Armory,' 
1884  ed.,  p.  499).  Burghley's  arms  do  not 
appear  in  either  volume,  but  the  error  is 
possibly  accounted  for  by  the  fact  that  at  the 
beginning  of  the  dedication  of  vol.  i.  part  i. 
there  is  a  large  C  enclosing  the  crest  and 
motto  of  the  Cecils. 

The  'D.N.B.'  also  errs  in  stating  that  there 
are  1876  pages  in  vol.  ii.  There  are,  as  a 
matter  of  fact,  1540  (erratically)  numbered 
pages,  the  last  being  marked  1876,  and 
1648  pages  in  all.  S.  O.  MOFFET. 

Kendal. 

FINCH  FAMILY  TRADITION. — I  have  clipped 
the  paragraphs  reprinted  below  from  a 
snippet  column  in  a  country  paper  : — 

"  Viscount  Maidstone,  who  is  being  congratulated 
on  the  birth  of  a  heir,  counts  among  his  ancestry  a 
Lord  Chancellor,  two  Speakers,  Lady  Winchilsea, 
the  poetess,  and  the  Lord  Winchilsea  who  went 
through  a  form  ot  duel  with  the  Duke  of  Wellin"- 
ton,  and  eight  years  later  married  the  Duke's  great- 
niece.  Viscount  Maidstone  is  heir  not  only  to  the 
Winchilsea  peerage,  but  also  to  the  Earldom  of 
Nottingham,  the  two  peerages  having  been  com- 
bined in  1729  on  the  death  of  the  sixth  Earl  of 
\\  me  hilsea,  when  his  title  passed  to  his  kinsman 
Daniel  1  inch,  who  for  forty-seven  years  had  held 
the  former  earldom.  It  was  this  Lord  Nottingham 
who  sold  Kensington  House,  now  Kensingtoi 


falace,  to  William  III.,"  and  built  Burley-on-the- 
Hill,  said  to  be  the  biggest  commoner's  'house  in 
England. 

"A  strange  tradition  is  attached  to  the  house. 
The  story  goes  that  in  the  long  ago  one  of  the 
Finches  sold  himself  to  the  devil,  who,  later,  when 
le  came  to  claim  his  bargain,  took  his  victim's 
heart.  Only  by  the  performance  of  a  terrible 
penance  or  test  can  this  bargain  with  the  Evil  One 
ae  wiped  out.  The  terms  involve  a  sojourn  of  seven 
years  in  solitary  confinement  in  a  cell  or  cage  at 
Burley-on-the-Hill.  Food  or  drink  of  any  kind  is 
allowed,  but  the  hermit  must  see  or  speak  to  no 
one,  though  he  may  emerge  from  his  prison  at 
night,  and  walk  abroad  within  certain  prescribed 
imits.  More,  it  is  stoutly  asserted  in  the  neigh- 
3ourhood  that  within  living  memory  one  member 
of  the  family  attempted  to  fulfil  these  conditions, 
and  managed  to  hold  out  for  two  years,  when  he 
ost  his  reason.  At  any  rate,  it  is  a  fact  that  there 
s  at  Burley  to  this  day  a  Hermit's  Cell  and  like- 
wise a  Hermit's  Wall  within  the  grounds  of  the 
mansion." 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

ALEX  ANDRE  DUMAS  ON  CLEOPATRA'S 
NEEDLES. — Cleopatra's  Needle  on  the  Vic- 
toria Embankment  has  recently  received 
a  "coating"  of  baryta  water  in  order  to 
preserve  it  from  the  ravages  of  our  sul- 
phurous climate.  There  were  two  Cleo- 
patra's Needles  on  the  site  at  Alexandria 
whence  Sir  Erasmus  Wilson  brought  the 
ancient  and  historic  monolith  which  since 
1878  has  stood  in  our  midst.  Alexandre 
Dumas  in  his  book  entitled  '  Quinze  Jours 
au  Sinai'  (1841)  refers  to  both  obelisks, 
puring  a  visit  to  Alexandria  in  the  spring 
of  1830  he  made  notes  of  their  positions, 
which  he  thus  described  : — 

"  Au  milieu  de  mines  presque  sans  formes, 
qu'on  reconnalt  cependant  pour  avoir  et6  celles 
des  bains,  de  la  bibliotheque  et  des  theatres,  il 
n'est  reste'  deb  out  que  la  colonne  de  Pompee  et 
1'une  des  aiguilles  de  Cleopatre,  car  1'autre  est 
couchee  et  a  moiti6  ensevelie  dans  le  sable." 

In  an  earlier  part  of  the  book  Dumas 
describes  the  column  of  Pompee  and  the 
Needle  of  Cleopatra  as  the  "  seules  ruines 
qui  restent  de  la  cite  du  Macedonien." 
His  third  and  final  reference  to  the  Needles 
is  as  follows  : — 

"  Quant  aux  aiguilles  de  Cleopatre,  dont 
1'une,  ainsi  que  nous  1'avons  dit,  est  encore 
debout  et  dont  1'autre  est  couchee,  ce  sont  des 
obelisques  de  granit  rouge  a  trois  colonnes  de 
caracteres  sur  chaque  face  :  ce  fut  le  Pharaon 
Mceris  qui,  mille  ans  avant  le  Christ,  les  tira  des 
carridres  de  la  chaine  libyque,  ainsi  que  d'un 
ecrin,  et  les  dressa  de  sa  main  puissante  devant 
le  temple  du  Soleil.  Alexandrie  les  envia,  dit- 
on,  a  Memphis,  et  Cleopatre,  malgre  les  murmures 
de  la  vieille  aieule,  les  lui  enleva  comme  des 
bijoux  qu'elle  n'etait  plus  assez  belle  pour  posse"der. 
Les  des  antiques  qui  servaient  de  base  a  ces 
obelisques  existent  encore  et  reposent  sur  un 
socle  de  trois  marches  :  ils  sont  de  construction 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  23,  mi.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


247 


gr^co-romaine,  et  viennent  appuyer  par  leur  date 
architectural  la  tradition  populaire,  qui  fait 
remonter  leur  seconde  Erection  a  1'an  38  ou  40 
avant  le  Christ." 

T.   H.   B ARROW. 

[The  history  of  Cleopatra's  Needle  is  related 
at  length  in  The  Athenceum  of  7  July,  22  September, 
57  October,  3  November,  and  15  December,  1877. 
There  is  also  a  long  article  in  The  Graphic  of 
2  February,  1878.] 

ARMY  BANDMASTERS  AND  THE  OFFICERS' 
MESS. — In  a  paper,  '  The  Band  of  the  Royal 
Marines  (Portsmouth  Division)  and  Lieut. 
George  Miller,'  which  appears  in  The  Musical 
Times  for  September,  the  writer  says  : — 

"For  many  years  before  himself  becoming  an 
offiper,  he  was  an  honorary  member  of  the  officers' 
mess.  This  was  a  rare  social  distinction,  highly 
esteemed,  and  marked  the  rising  status  of  that 
branch  of  his  profession  so  well  represented  by 
Lieut.  Miller." 

Miller  was  appointed  Bandmaster  of  the 
Marines  in  1884,  and  "  received  his  com- 
mission as  lieutenant  in  1892,  and  is,  there- 
fore, the  senior  bandmaster  of  the  British 
Army."  It  would  be  of  interest,  I  think, 
if  correspondents  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  could  recall 
instances  where  Army  bandmasters,  non- 
commissioned, have  enjoyed  the  same 
privilege.  Grattan  Cook,  who  was,  about 
sixty  years  ago,  Bandmaster  of  the  2nd 
Life  Guards,  told  Charles  (brother  of  George 
Augustus)  Sala,  as  a  proof  how  highly 
esteemed  he  was  in  the  regiment,  that  he 
dined  at  the  officers'  mess.  This  statement, 
which  I,  for  one,  never  doubted,  was  at  times 
disputed  on  the  ground  that  such  an  arrange- 
ment would  be  contrary  to  regulations,  and 
therefore  must  be  set  down  as  "  soldiers' 
brag."  Yet  not  only  may  "  the  exception 
prove  the  rule,"  but  Grattan  Cook,  being,  I 
presume,  a  "  civilian "  bandmaster,  would 
doubtless  occupy  a  position  distinct  from 
the  ordinary  N.C.O.  of  the  period. 

HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 
39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennington  Lane. 

DR.  ZACHARY  PEARCE,  BISHOP  OF 
ROCHESTER. — He  married  Mary  Adams, 
of  St.~Giles-in-the-Fields,  Middlesex,  in  the 
parish  church  of  St.  George  the  Martyr, 
Queen  Square,  Holborn,  on  6  Feb.,  1721/2 
(parish  register). 

He  was  the  defendant  in  a  Chancery  case, 
Adams  v.  Peirce  (sic),  determined  in  Trinity 
Term,  1724  (Wm.  Peere  Williams,  '  Reports 
of  Cases  in  the  High  Court  of  Chancery,' 
6th  ed.,  1826,  vol.  "iii.  p.  10,  and  vols.  i. 
p.  383,  ii.  p.  643,  iii.  p.  204). 

A  portrait  of  Dr.  Pearce  (Holl  sc.)  is 
inserted  in  The  Biographical  Magazine, 
1820,  vol.  ii.  p.  66.  DANIEL  HIPWELL. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


BRISTOL  M.P.'s  :  SIR  ARTHUR  HART  AND 
SIR  JOHN  KNIGHT. — I  should  be  glad  to 
learn  something  as  to  Sir  Arthur  Hart  and 
Sir  John  Knight,  who  were  members  of 
Parliament  for  Bristol  both  in  the  Conven- 
tion and  in  the  first  Parliament  of  William 
and  Mary. 

Of  the  first  I  can  find  out  nothing.  He  is 
not  even  in  Le  Neve's  '  Knights,'  if  the 
Index  is  to  be  trusted  ;  and  Marshall  in 
his  Index  gives  no  reference  to  a  Gloucester- 
shire family  of  the  name. 

Of  the  second  there  is  a  life  in  '  D.N.B.,' 
and  the  author  speaks  doubtfully  of  his 
relationship  to  his  namesake,  who  was  bur- 

fess  for  Bristol  in  more  than  one  of  Charles 
I.'s  Parliaments.  Le  Neve  seems  to  make 
him  his  eldest  son,  and  this  is  supported  by 
a  letter  from  the  Rev.  Dr.  Dixon,  Rector  of 
Weyhill,  Hants,  who  married  Abigail,  the 
older  Sir  John  Knight's  sixth  daughter, 
and  in  1690  claims  both  the  contemporary 
burgesses  as  near  relatives  of  his  wife.  It 
is  the  exact  nature  of  this  relationship  which 
I  primarily  wish  to  discover. 

JOHN  R.  MAGRATH. 
Queen's  College,  Oxford. 

'  ESSAY  ON  THE  THEATRE,'  c.  1775  :  R. 
CUMBERLAND. — Can  any  reader  inform  me 
where  I  can  find  an  anonymous  '  Essay  on 
the  Theatre,'  published  between  17  Decem- 
ber, 1774,  and  the  middle  of  July,  1775  ? 
I  may  add  that  the  files  of  newspapers  and 
magazines  in  the  British  Museum  of  this 
date  have  been  searched  in  vain.  The 
pamphlet,  for  such  it  must  be,  is  a  critic  on 
R.  Cumberland's  plays,  particularly  on  that 
entitled  '  The  Fashionable  Lover.' 

E.  H. 
Strassburg. 

MADELEINE  HAMILTON  SMITH. — In  1857, 
at  Edinburgh,  there  was  tried  for  murder 
a  young  woman  of  Glasgow  named  Madeleine 
Hamilton  Smith.  She  was  acquitted  by 
the  Scotch  verdict  of  "  Not  proven."  The 
case  was  emphatically  a  cause  celebre,  and 
created  a  great  sensation  in  its  day. 

When  and  where  did  she  die,  and  where 
is  she  buried  ?  FRANCIS  M.  ROSER. 

New  York. 


248 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       m  s.  iv.  SEPT.  23, 1911. 


'  LOUD  MACATJLAY'S  LAST  LINES  :  A 
RIDDLE.'  —  A  friend  of  mine  has  found 
in  an  old  MS.  commonplace-book,  kept 
apparently  about  1860,  the  following  set 
of  verses.  They  are  entitled  or  headed, 

LORD  MACAULAY'S  LAST  LINES. 
A  RIDDLE. 

Come,  let's  look  at  it  closely, 
Tis  a  very  ugly  word, 
And  one  that  makes  one  shudder 
Whenever  it  is  heard. 
It  may'nt  be  always  wicked, 
It  must  be  always  bad, 
And  speaks  of  sin  and  suffering 
Enough  to  make  one  mad. 
They  say  it  is  a  compound  word, 
And  that  is  very  true, 
And  then  they  decompose  it, 
Which  of  course  they're  free  to  do. 
If  of  the  dozen  letters 
We  take  off  the  h'rst  three, 
We  leave  the  nine  remaining 
As  sad  as  they  can  be  ; 
For  though  it  seems  to  make  it  less, 
In  fact  it  makes  it  more, 
For  it  takes  the  brute  creation  in, 
Which  was  left  out  before. 
Let's  try  if  we  can't  mend  it ; 
It's  possible  we  may, 
If  only  we  divide  it 
In  some  new-fashioned  way. 
Instead  of  three  and  nine, 
Let's  make  it  four  and  eight. 
You'll  say  that  makes  no  difference, 
At  least  not  very  great. 
But  only  see  the  consequence  : 
That 's  all  that  need  be  done 
To  change  this  mass  of  sadness 
To  unmitigated  fun. 
It  clears  off  swords  and  pistols, 
Revolvers,  bowie  knives, 
And  all  the  horrid  weapons 
By  which  men  lose  their  lives. 
It  wakens  holier  feelings, 
And  how  joyfully  is  heard 
The  native  sound  of  gladness 
Compressed  into  one  word. 
Yes  !  four  and  eight,  my  friends, 
Let  that  be  yours  and  mine, 
Though  all  the  host  of  demons 
Rejoice  in  three  and  nine. 

Can  any  reader  say  if  it  is  possible  to  test 
their  authenticity,  or  if  anything  is  known 
of  them  ?  EDWARD  ERASER. 

[The  answer  is  "  Manslaughter."  The  lines  have 
been  attributed  to  Dr.  Maitland  as  well  as  to 
Alacaulay.  See  7  S.  xii.  372.] 

*  PICKWICK  PAPERS  '  :  PRINTERS'  ER- 
RORS IN  FIRST  EDITION  — My  copy  of  '  Pick- 
wick,' which  is  a  bound  volume  of  the 
original  issue  taken  by  my  father  in  numbers, 
contains  a  list  of  errata,  the  first  item  of 
which,  "  Page  1,  line  9,  for  1817,  read  1827  " 


is  itself  an  error,  as  the  line  referred  to 
actually  has  "  1827."  On  p.  5  there  is  an 
error  in  the  second  line,  "  segun  "  for  "be- 
gun," which  is  not  in  the  list  of  errata. 

Have  these  errors  been  noticed  before  ? 
How  is  the  former  to  be  explained  ? 

C.  C.  B. 

"  OUR      INCOMPARABLE       LlTURGY." Can 

any  reader  kindly  say  who  first  used  this 
phrase  as  descriptive  of  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer  ?  F.  S. 

MlCHELET    ON     "  IGNOBLE     TOBAGIE." In 

Stevenson's  '  Virginibus  Puerisque'  we  read  : 

"  Lastly,  no  woman  should  marry  a  teetotaller, 
or  a  man  who  does  not  smoke.  It  is  not  for 
nothing  that  this  '  ignoble  tobagie,'  as  Michelet 
calls  it,  spreads  all  over  the  world." 

Where  does  Michelet  say  so  ?        P.  C.  G. 

PIRATES  ON  STEALING. — In  '  Virginibus 
Puerisque  '  we  also  read  : — 

"Or  perhaps  better  still,  the  inward  resolution 
of  the  two  pirates,  that  '  so  long  as  they  remained 
in  that  business,  their  piracies  should  not  again  be 
sullied  with  the  crime  of  stealing.' " 

What    is    the    allusion    contained    in    this 


passage 


P.  C.  G. 


GOLD  RING  FOUND  AT  VERULAM. — In  a 
scrapbook  I  have  come  upon  the  following 
newspaper  cutting.  I  do  not  know  its 
date,  but  think,  from  the  person  to  whom 
the  volume  once  belonged,  that  it  must  be 
at  least  sixty  years  of  age,  and  may  be 
considerably  older.  Unhappily,  neither 
name  of  the  paper  nor  date  is  given  ;  the 
passage  is,  however,  as  follows  : — 

"  A  few  days  since  two  gentlemen,  whilst  ex- 
ploring the  ruins  of  ancient  Verulam,  near  St. 
Albans,  discovered  under  a  mass  of  stones  a  large 
ring  of  pure  gold,  weighing  about  three  ounces,  on 
the  extensive  surface  of  which  was  [sic]  emblematic- 
ally embossed  the  four  seasons." 

Is  it  known  what  has  become  of  this  treasure, 
which,  if  not  lost  once  more,  mast  be  very 
valuable  ?  EDWARD  PEACOCK,  F.S.A. 

NOBLE  FAMILIES  IN  SHAKESPEARE. — I 
have  long  wished  to  know  how  many  noble 
families  or  gentry  of  the  present  day  can 
claim  ancestors  who  are  mentioned  in  the 
works  of  Shakespeare,  including  his  poems 
and  the  dedications  attached.  Somebody 
Kas  probably  made  such  a  list  before  now. 
If  so,  I  should  be  glad  to  see  it.  I  do  not 
imagine  that  the  list  would  be  very  long, 
even  with  due  allowance  for  the  liberal 
views  concerning  ancestors  which  prevail 
in  the  peerage.  POURQUOI  PAS. 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  23,  mi.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


249 


AUTHOR  OF  '  GUY  LIVINGSTONE.' — I  have 
somewhere  seen  G.  A.  Lawrence,  the  author 
of  '  Guy  Livingstone,'  described  as  "Major." 
Did  he  ever  hold  a  commission  in  the  British 
Army  ?  In  his  book  '  Border  and  Bastille,' 
in  which  he  describes  his  futile  attempt  to 
join  the  Confederate  forces  in  the  Southern 
States  of  America,  he  is  styled  "Major" 
and  "  Colonel  "  ;  but  as  he  says,  a  step  in 
rank  was  accorded  him  in  each  new  place  he 
entered.  The  '  D.N.B.'  gives  an  account  of 
him,  but  I  should  like  to  know  more  of  his 
life.  That  he  was  a  wide  reader,  a  good 
classical  scholar  never  at  a  loss  for  an  apt 
quotation  or  an  illustration  from  ancient 
or  modern  history,  is  evident  from  his  books  ; 
and  he  must  also  have  travelled  much  both 
at  home  and  abroad,  been  a  keen  sportsman, 
and  mixed  much  in  society.  Though  a 
Balliol  man,  he  took  his  degree  from  New 
Inn  Hall,  and  was  called  to  the  Bar,  but 
seems  never  to  have  practised. 

E.  L.  H.  TEW. 
Upham  Rectory. 

REUBEN  BROWNING'S  LATINITY.  — 
Reuben  Browning  was  Browning's  uncle, 
a  clerk  in  Rothschild's  Bank  in  New  Court. 
On  the  occasion  of  a  Rothschild  wedding, 
a  silver  inkstand  with  a  choice  Latin  inscrip- 
tion was  presented  by  the  clerks  ('  Life  and 
Letters  of  Robert  Browning,'  by  Mrs. 
Sutherland  Orr,  revised  by  F.  G.  Kenyon, 
1908,  p.  75).  This  fell  under  the  eye  of 
Lord  Beaconsfield,  who  declared  "  it  was 
the  most  appropriate  thing  he  had  ever 
come  across,"  and  that  "  the  selector  was 
one  of  the  first  Latin  scholars  of  the  age." 
Can  we  have  the  original  inscription  given 
to  us,  and  its  source  ? 

M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 
Percy  House,  South  Hackney. 

RAGNOR  LODBROK'S  SONS  :  HULDA. — In 
a  work  called  '  Chronique  du  Chateau  de 
Gironville,'  by  the  Due  de  Gironville,  is  a 
chapter  descriptive  of  a  vision  by  Bjorn 
Ironside  in  which  his  father  Ragnor  Lodbrok 
appears  to  Bjorn,  and  prophesies  what  will 
happen  to  him  arid  to  his  brothers.  Among 
other  things  Bjorn  is  to  marry  the  beautiful 
virgin  Hulda.  Is  this  taken  from  any 
known  piece  of  Northern  literature  ?  and 
does  the  name  Hulda  occur  in  early  or  late 
sagas,  or  elsewhere  ?  J.  H.  MOORE. 

HENRY  ETOUGH.  (See  10  S.  xii.  430; 
11  S.  i.  76,  193.)— I  should  like  to  remind 
correspondents  that  nay  query  at  the  second 
reference  remains  unanswered.  I  find  that 
my  Henry  Etough  was  landlord  of  "  The 


Bull  and   Mouth  Inn"  from  1724  to   1728. 
I  suppose  he  can  hardly  have  been  a  Jew. 
WILLIAM  MCMURRAY. 

SALISBURY  FAMILY  OP  WESTMEATH. — - 
Sir  George  Stanley  of  Crosshall  in  Lancashire, 
Knight  Marshal  of  Ireland  in  the  reigns  of 
Queens  Mary  and  Elizabeth,  called  "  the 
Black  Knight  of  Ireland " — who  died  in 
1570,  and  was  descended  from  Thomas,  first 
Earl  of  Derby — left  two  daughters,  Mary 
and  Agnes.  The  former  married  Sir  Thomas 
Hesketh  of  Rufford  in  Lancashire.  The 
other  sister,  Agnes  Salisbury,  got  special 
livery  of  her  estate  in  1592,  as  appears  by  a 
Fiant  of  Elizabeth,  and  was  seised  of  the 
lands  of  Glaskearne  in  Westmeath. 

Can  any  reader  state  to  what  branch  of 
the  Salisbury  family  the  husband  of  Agnes 
Stanley  belonged  ?  If  there  was  any  issue 
of  this  marriage,  is  the  pedigree  thereof  on 
record  ?  P.  M.  K. 

GRIFFIN,  WILKES,  AND  ARNOLD  FAMILIES. 
— Can  any  one  give  me  information  respect- 
ing these  families  and  the  connexion  between 
them  ? 

Sarah  Ann  Griffin,  an  orphan,  and  only 
child  and  heir  of  Thomas  Griffin  (of  Fratton, 
Hants),  and  great-granddaughter  of  Richard 
Wilkes,  was  in  1771,  when  eleven  years  of 
age,  admitted  as  tenant  of  the  manor  of 
Mengham,  Hayling  Island,  and  because  of 
her  minority  the  custody  of  the  estate  was 
granted  to  her  uncle,  William  Arnold  of 
Hoxton.  Mr.  Arnold,  collector  of  Customs 
at  Cowes,  the  father  of  Dr.  Thomas  Arnold 
of  Rugby,  was  also  a  relation. 

Another  relative  of  Sarah  Ann  Griffin 
(who  in  1787  married  Capt.  Walter  Lock, 
R.N.,  at  Fareham,  Hants)  was  William 
Griffin,  who  lived  and  died  at  South  Lambeth. 
In  1818  he  was  Secretary  to  the  Board  of 
Ordnance,  a  valuable  appointment  which 
tie  held  till  his  death.  I  should  be  glad  to 
know  whether  any  of  his  descendants  are 
now  living.  CAMPBELL  LOCK. 

Ashknowle,  Whitwell,  Ventnor. 

SIR  JOHN  FENWICK,  BEHEADED  IN  1697.—- 
I  have  read  somewhere — and  when  I  did 
so,  forgot  Capt.  Cuttle's  advice  to  make  a 
note  of  it— that  Sir  John  Fenwick,  Bt.,  who 
was  beheaded  on  28  January,  1697,  and 
buried  the  same  evening  in  the  Church  of 
St.  Martin' s-in-the-Fields,  left  an  illegiti- 
mate son,  "  who,  on  the  death  of  Lady  Mary 
Fenwick,  the  widow  of  Sir  John,  was  taken 
by  Sir  William  Blackett,  and  put  to  sea." 
I  think  I  read  this  either  in  Brand's  '  History 
of  Newcastle '  or  Hodgson's  '  History  of 


250 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       m  s.  iv.  SEPT.  23, 1911. 


Northumberland,'  but  it  might  have  been 
in  some  other  book.  If  any  reader  of 
'  N.  &  Q.'  has  knowledge  of  the  fact  that 
Sir  John  Fenwick  at  his  death  left  an  ille- 
gitimate son,  and  would  inform  me  where 
such  fact  is  recorded,  I  should  be  very  much 
obliged.  R.  C.  BOSTOCK. 

BESZANT  FAMILY  OF  WILTSHIRE. — I  should 
be  grateful  if  any  reader  could  kindly  say 
if  anything  is  known  of  the  history  of  the 
Beszant  family  of  Wiltshire.  The  name 
is  spelt  in  a  variety  of  ways.  Fifty  years 
ago  the  Rector  of  Devizes  brought  to  see 
my  mother  an  antiquarian  friend,  who  told 
her  that  he  had  been  for  years  working  up 
the  history  of  the  family,  that  the  charge 
on  her  arms  was  a  fish  (I  have  since  been 
told  it  is  a  dolphin) ,  and  that  some  mem- 
bers of  the  family  were  Counts  of  Flanders, 
one  of  them  being  a  contemporary  of  Simon 
de  Montfort.  I  have  also  been  informed 
that  there  is  an  interesting  account  of  the 
family  in  some  old  French  records,  any 
reference  to  which  would  be  most  gratefully 
appreciated.  H.  BEAZANT. 

Round  way,  Friern  Barnet,  N. 

ETHERINGTON  FAMILY. — I  wish  to  find 
out  all  I  can  about  the  history  of  the  Ether- 
ington  family,  at  one  time  governors  of 
Pickering  Castle,  Yorkshire,  latterly  of 
Driffield  ;  also  concerning  the  parentage 
of  Joseph  Ktherington,  born  1782,  died 
1839,  at  Preston.  Is  there  such  a  thing  as 
a  history  of  Pickering  Castle  and  neighbour- 
hood ?  ji]. 

"  SCOTCH  SCIENCE." — What  is  the  origin 
of  this  term,  meaning  main  force  and  stu- 
pidity combined  ? 

The    expression    is    well    understood    by 
mariners,    particularly    those     of    the    deep 
sea,  as  distinguished  from  coasting  men 
W.  W.  HALLAM. 

CYMMAU,  FLINTSHIRE.— I  shall  be  very 
grateful  if  any  one  can  give  me  information 
concerning  the  owners  or  occupiers  of  a 
property  known  as  the  "  Cymmau "  in 
Flintshire  during  the  period  from  1700 
to  1780,  or,  failing  that,  will  tell  me  where 
such  information  could  be  obtained 

'E.  D. 

WEST-COUNTRY  CHARM.— Can  any  one 
tell  me  the  words  of  an  old  West-Country 
charm  which  was  uttered  by  lovers  with 
their  hands  clasped  over  running  water,  as 
a  pledge  of  eternal  fidelity  ? 

p    ...  A.  MONTAGUE. 

Crediton. 


DATES  IN  ROMAN  NUMERALS. — Will  some 
reader  explain  the  following  method  of 
writing  dates  ? 

1.  CIOICXCVI. 

2.  CIOIOGXCVII. 

3.  CIODLXXIX.  F.  R.  F. 

[cio  =  M  =  1000;io=D  =  500;thus  the  second  date 
is  1697,  and  the  third  1579.  The  first  instance  is 
more  difficult.  Will  our  correspondent  give  the 
authority  where  he  met  with  it  ?  At  9  S.  xi.  368  a 
peculiar  example  of  a  date  in  Roman  numerals  was 
cited  by  our  late  Editor  over  the  signature  he  some- 
times used,  H.  T.,  the  last  letters  of  his  Christian 
name  and  surname.  See  also  the  discussion  of 
Roman  numerals  as  dates  at  9  S.  iii.  90,  214,  423  • 
iv.  57,  151,233,428;  v.  366.] 

TREES  GROWING  FROM  GRAVES. — Is  it 
possible  to  ascertain  how  the  belief  arose 
that  trees  springing  forth  from  a  tomb — 
the  seed  having  lodged  in  a  crevice  and 
germinated — are  a  sign  that  the  person 
commemorated  was  a  sceptic,  refusing  to 
believe  in  the  resurrection  of  the  body,  and 
that  this  was  a  judgment  on  impiety  ? 

We  have  in  Hertfordshire  no  fewer  than 
three  examples  of  this  remarkable  super- 
stition— at  Aldenham,  Tewin,  and  Watford— 
and  in  none  of  these  instances  can  be  traced 
any  ground  for  the  statement. 

Does  the  belief  prevail  in  other  counties  ? 
Can  it  be  traced  to  Puritanic  influence,  or 
is  it  merely  a  desire  to  offer  an  explanation 
for  these  phenomena  of  nature  ? 

W.  B.  GERISH. 

Bishop's  Stortford. 

"  BEAT  AS  BATTY  "  :  "  BUSY  AS  BATTY." 
—The  former  phrase  is  quoted  in  the  Devon- 
shire Association  Transactions  of  1910  as  a 
local  saying  implying  that  the  user  of  it, 
be  it  domestic  or  workman,  is  quite  tired 
out  with  the  work  in  hand,  this  having 
proved  almost  too  much. 

The  latter  form  was  often  heard  by  the 
present  writer  in  his  youth,  as  signifying  that 
the  one  who  had  been  "  as  busy  as  Batty  " 
had  indeed  had  his  time  fully  and  entirely 
occupied  in  the  duties  performed.  Is  the 
second  a  generally  used  equivalent  of  the 
former  local  expression  ?  And  who  was 
Batty  ?  W.  S.  B.  H. 

JUDGE  M'CLELLAND. — In  what  year  was 
Judge  M'Clelland  born,  and  in  what  year 
did  he  die  ?  He  acted  as  civil  judge  (pro- 
bably in  Ulster)  during  the  latter  part  of  the 
eighteenth  century  and  the  beginning  of 
the  nineteenth.  Whose  son  was  he  ?  Did 
he  leave  any  issue  ?  and  if  so,  where  does 
that  branch  of  the  M'Clelland  family  reside  ? 

Z. 


ii s.  iv.  SEPT.  23,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


251 


LUNATICS    AND    PRIVATE    LUNATIC 
ASYLUMS. 

(US.  iv.  209.) 

THIS  subject  has  been  frequently  introduced 
in  novels,  both  previous  to  and  since  the 
publication  of  '  Hard  Cash.'  Amongst  those 
I  have  read,  I  would  mention  '  Valentine 
Vox  the  Ventriloquist,'  by  Henry  Cockton  ; 
*The  Parricide,'  by  G.  W.  M.  Reynolds 
(issued  in  Reynolds'  Miscellany,  and  reprinted 
in  "Dicks'  English  Library");  'Amy 
Lawrence  ;  or,  the  Freemason's  Daughter,' 
by  J.  F.  Smith  (London  Journal,  1850  ; 
reprinted  in  new  London  Journal  about 
1890,  and,  I  think,  as  a  shilling  volume 
about  the  same  time) ;  and  '  Left  to  Them- 
selves '  (CasseWs  Family  Paper,  1860).  I 
cannot  now  recall  the  name  of  the  author 
of  this  tale,  though  she  was  well  known  as 
a  religious  and  moral  writer  :  the  story  was 
illustrated  by  Skill. 

In  1858  the  subject  of  private  asylums 
was  greatly  discussed  in  the  press,  one  or 
two  sensational  cases  having  been  brought 
before  the  law  courts.  It  was,  indeed, 
chiefly  from  the  newspaper  reports  that 
the  novelists  sketched  their  incidents.  We 
should,  however,  I  think,  always  make 
allowance  for  exaggeration  as  regards  the 
alleged  ill-treatment  of  patients. 

HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 
39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennirigtou  Lane. 

If  MR.  THOMAS  HERBERT  is  referring  to 
*  Valentine  Vox  the  Ventriloquist,'  which 
has  a  plot  answering  his  requirements,  he 
must  be  alluding  to  a  late  edition.  The 
first  was  published  in  1840,  the  next  in  1853  ; 
others  appeared  in  1870,  1878,  and  1882. 

The  first  edition  of  '  Hard  Cash '  was 
in  1863,  followed  by  others  in  1868  and  1872. 

A.  RHODES. 

I  fancy  that  MR.  THOMAS  HERBERT  may 
be  thinking  of  '  Valentine  Vox,'  by  Henry 
Cockton,  of  which  the  thirty-sixth  thousand 
was  issued  by  George  Routledge  &  Co.  in 
1855.  The  chief  purpose  of  that  work  was 
to  draw  attention  to  the  cruelties  and  horrors 
connected  with  private  lunatic  asylums.  The 
torture  of  a  sane  patient  by  tickling  the  soles 
of  his  feet  with  a  feather,  just  before  the 
visiting  Commissioners  entered  his  room 
(chap,  xxx.),  made  an  indelible  impression 
on  my  mind.  ST.  SWITHIN. 


I  presume  that  MR.  HERBERT  refers  to 
the  book  entitled  '  My  Experiences  in  a 
Lunatic  Asylum,'  "by  a  Sane  Patient," 
which  was  published  by  Chatto  &  Windus 
over  thirty  years  ago,  price  5s.  A  review 
of  it  appeared  in  The  Literary  World  of 
14  February,  1879.  A.  FROOD. 

Probably  the  book  intended  is  '  A  Prodigal 
Daughter,'  anonymous,  published  about 
1879.  G.  W.  E.  R. 

[MR.  J.  T.  PAGE,  MATILDA  POLLARD,  and 
L.  M.  R.  all  refer  to  'Valentine  Vox.'] 


STRAWBERRY  HILL  :  '  DESCRIPTION  OF 
THE  VILLA,'  1774  (11  S.  iv.  207).— This 
little  work  is  exceedingly  scarce,  and  though 
a  collector  of  "  Walpoliana,"  I  have  not 
met  with  a  copy  in  the  catalogues  of  auc- 
tioneers or  booksellers  for  many  years  past. 
Mr.  Eyton's  copy  was  bought  by  Lilly  the 
bookseller  for  the  small  sum  of  three  shil- 
lings. It  was,  I  think,  wrongly  dated  1774. 

About  1760  Walpole  began  to  have 
catalogues  of  his  collections  printed  for  the 
use  of  his  visitors.  The  first  seems  to  have 
been  a  '  Catalogue  of  Pictures  and  Drawings 
in  the  Holbein-Chamber  at  Strawberry- 
Hill,'  a  little  pamphlet  of  8  pages,  which  is 
known  to  bibliographers.  At  the  sale  of 
the  Darner  Collection  by  Messrs.  Hodgson 
&  Co.  on  30  April,  1902,  a  copy  of  the 
pamphlet  formed  lot  127,  and  was  sold  for 
the  high  sum  of  2Sl.  10s.  The  next  issue 
consisted  of  '  Curiosities  in  the  Glass  Closet 
in  the  Great  Bedchamber,'  a  tract  of  4 
pages,  of  which  a  copy  (lot  128)  was  sold 
from  the  Darner  Collection  for  \l.  16s. 
As  the  Great  Bedchamber  was  not  built  on 
to  the  house  till  1770,  this  catalogue  could 
not  have  been  printed  till  after  that  date.  A 
third  catalogue  was  that  of  the  '  Pictures, 
Curiosities,  &c.,  in  the  Cabinet  of  Enamels 
and  Miniatures,  and  in  the  Glass  Cases  on 
each  side  of  it,'  a  pamphlet  of  18  pages, 
of  which  two  copies  were  sold  at  the  same 
time  for  \l.  10s.  each  (lots  129,  130),  and 
two  more  in  the  supplementary  Darner 
Sale  on  23  October,  1902  (lots  415,  416), 
when  the  price  fell  in  each  case  to  14s. 
The  last  two  items  do  not  seem  to  have 
been  recorded  by  any  bibliographer,  and 
Messrs.  Hodgson  suggest  that  all  three 
pamphlets  may  have  formed  part  of  the 
'  Description  '  of  which  MR.  E.  P.  MERRITT 
is  in  search,  and  which  seems  to  have  been 
issiied  in  1772. 

I  should  be  glad  to  know  what  became  of 
the  collection  of  Strawberry  Hill  publications 


252 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  23, 1911. 


and  other  works  by  Horace  Walpole,  of 
which  a  Catalogue  was  printed  in  1813. 
They  consisted  of  thirty-six  volumes,  uni- 
formly bound  in  red  morocco. 

W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 

"  J'Y  suis,  J'Y  BESTE  "  (11  S.  iv.  44,  94, 
155,  197). — The  engraving  in  which  an  English 
officer  was  represented  as  sent  to  interview 
MacMahon  in  the  Malakoff,  mentioned  by 
F.  A.  W.,  must  have  been  a  mere  work  of 
imagination.  The  English  could  have  had 
no  reason  for  sending  an  officer,  through 
all  the  confusion  of  the  two  attacks,  to  get 
an  answer  which  might  be  falsified  at  any 
moment.  MacMahon,  in  a  letter  given  at 
p.  137  of  M.  le  Comte  Fleury's  '  Societe  du 
Second  Empire '  (Albin  Michel),  describes 
how  he  was  cheered  by  the  English  as  he 
passed  by  them  when  he  did  leave  the 
Malakoff,  victorious.  Writing  apparently 
immediately  after  the  event,  he  says  of  the 
assault,  "  On  arrive  enfin,  je  suis  dans 
Malakoff  et  je  m'y  maintiens,"  which,  as  the 
editor  says,  is  the  famous  phrase,  become 
legendary.  He  certainly  would  have  men- 
tioned such  an  extraordinary  event  as  the 
visit  of  the  English  officer.  If,  as  always 
then  reported,  the  phrase  was  said  in  answer 
to  an  order  to  retire,  he  would  hardly  pub- 
lish it,  as,  practically,  it  was  a  reproach  to 
Pelissier,  the  Commander-in-Chief. 

It  is  worth  while  reminding  this  genera- 
tion that,  instead  of  sending  useless  ques- 
tions, the  English  materially  assisted  the 
French  to  hold  the  Malakoff  by  sweeping  the 
western  slope  of  it — up  which  the  Russians 
were  attacking,  to  try  and  retake  the  fort — 
by  guns  from  the  Quarries. 

R.  PHIPPS,  Colonel  late  R.A. 

Many,  many  years  ago  I  read  or  heard 
another  explanation  of  the  origin  of  the 
phrase.  I  report  it  without  vouching  for  its 
accuracy. 

After  the  storming  of  Fort  Malakoff, 
MacMahon  received  a  message  from  the 
Commander-in-Chief,  Pelissier,  stating  that 
it  would  be  advisable  to  evacuate  the  ruins 
of  the  fort,  because  it  might  have  been  under- 
mined by  the  Russians  before  leaving  and 
the  French  troops  might  be  blown  up  with 
the  fort.  MacMahon  refused  to  do  so,  and 
said  :  "  J'y  suis,  j'y  reste."  Nevertheless 
the  engineers  did  their  duty  :  electric  wires 
were  found,  and  immediately  cut. 

I  see  that  the  explanation  given  ante, 
pp.  197-8,  as  an  answer  to  the  English 
general  Michael  Biddulph,  is  included  in 
the  fifth  edition  of  Fumagalli's  '  Chi  1'ha 
detto  ?  '  Milan,  1909,  No.  331. 


But  the  real  question  is  :  To  whom,  and 
in  what  circumstances,  was  the  reply  made  ? 

H.  GAIDOZ. 
22,  Rue  Servandoni,  Paris  (VP). 

Tenniel's  cartoon  appeared  in  Punch 
for  3  November,  1877.  It  represents  Mac- 
Mahon "  stuck  in  the  mud "  of  Legitim- 
ism,  Bonapartism,  and  Clericalism,  around 
which  flows  the  tide  of  the  "  Republican 
majority."  The  Marshal  with  folded  arms 
says,  "  J'y  suis,  j'y  reste."  In  a  later  cartoon 
(29  December,  1877)  he  is  being  pulled  out 
of  the  mud  by  France  (the  familiar  female 
figure),  leaving  his  monarchical  and  imperial- 
ist boots  behind.  The  historic  phrase  is  now 
modified  to  "  Je  n'y  suis  plus — mais — je 
reste."  F.  H.  C. 

Very  shortly  before  the  time  at  which  this 
phrase  is  attributed  to  Marshal  MacMahon 
a  homely  English  equivalent  was  afforded 
in  R.  S.  Surtees's  sporting  novel  '  Handley 
Cross  ;  or,  Mr.  Jorrocks's  Hunt,'  the  preface 
to  which  is  dated  October,  1854.  In  chap, 
xvi.  Jorrocks  writes  in  a  letter:  ''For 
where  the  M.F.H.  dines  he  sleeps,  and 
where  the  M.F.H.  sleeps  he  breakfasts." 

W.  B.  H. 

SHAKESPEARES  IN  THE  EIGHTEENTH  CEN- 
TURY (11  S.  iv.  146). — The  following  cita- 
tion, which  is  interesting  in  respect  of  the 
association  of  the  names  of  Shakespear  and 
Hathaway,  was  issued  at  the  instance  of  a 
proctor  exercent  in  the  Bishop  of  Glou- 
cester's Consistory  Court  in  1738,  in  a  suit 
for  the  recovery  of  his  fees  in  another  cause, 
in  which  the  Gloucestershire  Shakespear  had 
been  unsuccessful. 

The  act-books  of  Gloucester  Consistory 
Court  show  that  Shakespear  did  not  appear 
as  cited,  and  was  decreed  to  be  in  contempt 
and  contumacious,  and  in  pain  thereof  was 
excommunicated. 

Sigillum  Hen.  Penrice  Mil.  LL.D.  Cane.  Gloucest. 

Sir  Henry  Penrice  Knight  Doctor  of  Laws  Vicar 
General  in  Spirituals  of  the  Right  Reverend 
Father  in  God  Martin  by  divine  permission  Lord 
Bishop  of  the  Diocese  of  Gloucester  and  of  his  Epis- 
copal Consistory  Official  principal  lawfully  con- 
stituted To  Henry  Williams  and  Richard  Hathaway 
our  Sworn  Apparitors  Greeting  We  Command  and 
require  Yee  that  Yee  or  one  of  you  do  Cite  or  Cause 
to  be  Cited  William  Shakespear  of  the  parish  of 
Wotton  underedge  in  the  Diocese  of  Gloucester 
Yeoman  that  he  do  appear  before  Us  or  our  lawfull 
Surrogate  or  other  competent  Judge  in  this  behalf e 
in  the  parish  Church  of  Dursley  in  the  Diocess  of 
Gloucester  upon  Tuesday  the  Seventh  Day  of 
November  instant  at  ten  of  the  Clock  in  the  fore- 
noon there  to  answer  to  Richard  Elly  of  the  City  of 
Gloucester  Gentleman  one  of  the  Proctors  of  the 
Consistory  Court  for  the  said  Diocese  of  Gloucester 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  23, 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


253 


in  a  certain  Cause  of  Substraction  [M'C]  of  Fees  And 
further  to  do  and  receive  as  Justice  shall  require 
and  the  Execution  hereof  you  are  required  to 
certifie  to  us  our  lawfull  Surrogate  or  other  com- 
petent Judge  in  this  behalf  Given  under  the  seal 
of  our  Office  the  first  day  of  November  in  the  Year 
of  our  Lord  1738.  W.  MOUNT  Register. 

F.    S.    HOCKADAY. 
Highbury,  Lydney,  Glouc. 

4  CHTJKCH  HISTORIANS  OF  ENGLAND  '(US. 
iii.  308,  373  ;  iv.  58,  117,  154).— I  am  now 
able  to  give  verbatim  quotations  from  the 
letter  to  which  I  referred  at  iii.  373  and 
iv.  117. 

In  March,  1883,  I  addressed  a  letter  to 
Messrs.  Seeley  &  Co.,  54,  Fleet  Street, 
inquiring  whether  the  following  parts  were 
all  that  had  been  published  :  Pre-Ref  orma- 
tion  Series,  Vol.  I.  Part  II.  to  Vol.  V.  Part  I. 
Reformation  Series,  Vol.  I.  Part  II.  to  Vol. 
VIII.  Part  II. 

Mr.  George  Seeley  replied  in  a  letter  dated 
"  London,  March  12,  1883."  In  this  he 
says  : — 

"  The  parts  you  have  are  all  that  were  published 
except  V ol.  1.  Pt.  I.  of  the  Reformation  Series, 
which  was  published  some  time  after  the  others. 

"  Several  notices  were  sent  to  the  subscribers  and 
advertisements  [appeared]  in  various  periodicals, 
and  if  you  replied  to  them  I  cannot  account  for  your 
not  having  received  that  part.  So  many  of  the  sub- 
scribers neglected  to  fulfil  their  engagements  that  it 
was  not  possible  to  complete  the  other  series." 

The  "  other  "  means  the  "  Pre-Ref ormation." 
After  giving  a  few  particulars  of  the  history 
of  the  publication,  the  writer  adds  : — 

"  I  was  unable  to  do  more  than  complete  the  later 
series,  and  when  I  was  obliged,  by  the  effects  of  an 
accident,  finally  to  give  up  business,  the  whole 
affair  was  wound  up  and  the  stock  and  plates  dis- 
posed of.  I  am  afraid  that  you  will  find  some  diffi- 
culty in  obtaining  the  missing  part." 

There  are  illustrations  in  the  Reformation 
Series  in  Vol.  III.  Part  II.  and  in  most  of  the 
following  parts. 

As  various  mistakes  have  appeared  in 
the  correspondence  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  it  may 
be  well  to  give  a  correct  list  of  all  the 
volumes  and  parts  issued  of  each  series,  their 
contents,  and  their  dates  of  publication. 
I  am  able  to  do  this  as  I  have  the  books 
before  me,  minus  Vol.  I.  Part  I.  of  the 
Reformation  Series,  and  of  this  missing  part 
I  have  a  publisher's  notice  (see  later). 

The  Pre-Ref  ormation  Series  consists  of 

Vol.  I.  Part  II.  Historical  Works  of  the  Vener- 
able Bed  a.  1853. 

Vol.  II.  Part  I.  Anglo-Saxon  Chronicle.  Chronicle 
of  Florence  of  Worcester.  1853. 

Vol.  II.  Part  II.  Chronicle  of  Fabius  Ethelwerd. 
Asser's  Annals  of  King  Alfred.  Book  of  Hyde. 
Chronicles  of  John  Wallingford  (or  John  of  Walling- 
ford).  History  of  Ingulf.  Gaimar.  1854. 


Vol.  III.  Part  I.  History  of  the  Kings  of  England, 
and  of  his  own  Times,  by  William  of  Malmesbury. 
1854. 

Vol.  III.  Part  II.  Historical  Works  of  Simeon  of 
Durham.  1855. 

Vol.  IV.  Part  I.  Chronicles  of  John  and  Richard 
of  Hexham.  Chronicle  of  Holyrood.  Chronicle  of 
Melrose.  Jordan  Fantosme's  Chronicle.  Documents 
respecting  Canterbury  and  Winchester.  1856. 

Vol.  IV.  Part  II.  History  of  William  of  New- 
burgh.  Chronicles  of  Robert  de  Monte.  1856. 

Vol.  V.  Part  I.  History  of  King  Henry  the  First. 
Acts  of  Stephen,  King  of  England,  and  Duke  of 
Normandy :  Giraldus  Cambrensis  concerning  the 
Instruction  of  Princes  :  Richard  of  Devizes  :  History 
of  the  Archbishops  of  Canterbury,  by  Gervase,  Monk 
of  Canterbury:  Robert  of  Gloucester's  Chronicle: 
Chronicle  of  the  Isle  of  Man.  1858. 

The  Pre-Reformation  list  given  by  MR. 
A.  R.  BAYLEY  at  the  second  reference  is  not 
perfect,  the  sequence  is  wrong,  and  Vol.  V. 
Part  I.  is  omitted. 

The  statement  in  F.  H.'s  query  (iii.  308) 
that  the  Rev.  Joseph  Stevenson  was  the 
translator  is  wanting  in  precision.  The  Rev. 
Joseph  Stevenson,  M.A.  of  University 
College,  Durham,  Vicar  of  Leighton  Buzzard, 
was  the  editor  of  the  Pre-Reformation 
Series  ;  he  was  also  the  translator  of  all 
the  books  thereof  excepting  Vol.  II.  Part  I. 
and  Vol.  III.  Part  I.  Of  the  former  he 
translated  a  portion. 

"  With  the  exception  of  a  few  unimportant  cor- 
rections, the  English  version  of  the  earlier  portion 

of  the  Saxon    Chronicle is    a  reprint    of    that 

which  was  published  in  1848  by  Mr.  Petrie," 
i.e.,  apparently  in  Henry  Petrie' s  '  Materials 
for   the   History   of   Britain '    (see   Preface, 
p.  xv). 

In  Vol.  III.  Part  I.  (i.e.,  William  of 
Malmesbury)  the  translation 

is  fundamentally  the  English  version  published  in 
the  year  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  fifteen, 

by  the  Rev.  John  Sharpe but  so  corrected  and 

extended  as  to  represent  the  improved  text  pub- 
lished by  Mr.  Hardy  in  one  thousand  eight  hundred 
and  forty." 

The  writers  referred  to  are  the  Rev.  John 
Sharpe,  B.A.,  Rector  of  Castle  Eaton, 
Wiltshire,  and  Thomas  Duff  us  Hardy,  Esq., 
Assistant  Keeper  of  Her  Majesty's  Records 
(see  Preface,  p.  xv). 

The    Reformation    Series    contains    only 

'  The  Acts  and  Monuments  of  John  Foxe  ' 

and    matter    concerning    Foxe.     There  are 

ight  volumes,  each  consisting  of  two  parts 

bound  separately. 

Vol.  I.  Part  I.  of  this  series  I  have  not  got. 
It  was  published  some  time  after  the  others 

:e  Mr.  Seeley's  letter  above).  I  have, 
however,  a  reference  to  it  in  a  printed 

Second  Notice "  sent  to  subscribers, 
October,  1868,  by  Mr.  George  Seeley,  then  of 


254 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  23,  ion. 


32,  Argyll  Street,  Regent  Street.  It  reads  : 
"  Vol.  I.  Part  I.,  containing  The  Life  and 
Vindication  of  John  Foxe,  is  in  the  Press." 
It  was  apparently  published  about  the  end 
of  1868,  perhaps  later. 

All  the  other  parts  I  have,  being  '  The 
Acts  and  Monuments  of  John  Foxe.'  Their 
dates  are  as  follows  : — 

Vol.  I.  Part  II.  1853. 

Vol.11.  Part  I.  1854. 

Vol.  II.  Part  II.  1854. 

Vol.  III.  Part  I.  1855. 

Vol.  III.  Part  II.  1855. 

Vol.  IV.  Part  1.  1856. 

Vol.  IV.  Part  II.  1857. 

Vol.  V.  Part  I.  1857. 

Vol.  V.  Part  II.  1858. 

Vol.  VI.  Part  I.  1858. 

Vol.  VI.  Part  II.  1859. 

Vol.  VII.  Part  I.  1861. 

Vol.  VII.  Part  II.          1861. 

Vol.  VIII.  Part  I.         1868. 

Vol.  VIII.  Part  II.        1868. 

It  is  evident  that  Mr.  Seeley  hoped  to 
continue  the  Pre-Reformation  Series.  I 
have  a  letter  from  him  (found  among  the 
papers  of  my  late  father,  who  was  a  sub- 
scriber), dated  32,  Argyll  Street,  Regent 
Street,  Oct.  30,  1868,  in  which  is  the  follow- 
ing:— 

"The  parts  we  are  now  issuing  will  complete 
Foxe's  Acts,  £c.  V.  5  pt.  2  of  the  Pre  Refn  series  is 
ready  for  the  press,  and  will  be  issued  as  soon  as 
possible  after  the  delivery  of  Foxe  is  completed. 
We  propose  then  to  send  a  circular  to  the  subscribers 
to  ascertain  their  wishes  as  to  the  further  progress 
of  the  work.  Foxe  would  be  an  imperfect  work 
without  the  3  parts  now  issuing  ;  but  the  works  in- 
cluded in  the  other  series  being  independent  of 
each  other,  they  will  be  complete  as  far  as  they  go, 
whether  the  series  is  continued  or  not.  We  intend 
to  make  it  a  complete  book,  but  the  extent  of  it  will 

depend    upon   the    subscribers    themselves The 

whole  property  is  now  in  my  hands,  and  I  hope  to 
proceed  with  it  without  any  further  impediment." 
Unfortunately,  even  Vol.  V.  Part  II.  of  the 
Pre-Reformation  Series,  "ready  for  the 
press  "  in  1868,  never  appeared.  Also  of  the 
same  series  Vol.  I.  Part  I.  never  appeared. 
According  to  a  notice  facing  the  titJe-pao-e 
of  Vol.  I.  Part  II.  of  the  said  Pre-Reforma- 
tion Series, 

"The  first  part  of  Vol  I.,  consisting  chiefly  of 
Prefaces  and  other  introductory  matter,  and  the 
History  ot  the  Early  British  Church,  is  Deferred  till 
a  later  period." 

It  will  be  seen  that  each  volume  of  each 
series  either  was  or  was  intended  to  be 
divided  into  two  parts,  and  that  a  full  set 
of  what  was  issued  should  consist  of  eight 
parts  of  the  Pre-Reformation  Series  and 
sixteen  parts  of  the  Reformation  Series,  as 
given  above.  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

St.  Austins,  Warrington. 


JOHN  NIANDSEB  (11  S.  iv.  169,  213). — In 
regard  to  Niandser's  marriage  with  Lady 
Scrope  of  Bolton,  may  I  refer  MB.  FABBEB 
to  G.  E.  C.,  '  Complete  Peerage,'  vii.  85, 
note  d,  and  '  Testamenta  Eboracensia ' 
there  cited  ?  In  1412  one  Matthew  Niand- 
ser  was  a  feoffee  of  some  of  Scrope' s  lands 
('Plac.  in  Cancell.,'  470),  the  same  person 
probably  who  as  Matthew  de  Niandsergh 
was  one  of  the  jurors  for  Westmorland  in 
1402  ('Feudal  Aids,'  v.  196). 

W.  H.  B.  BIBD. 

10,  Arundel  Gardens,  W. 

"ALL      MY      EYE      AND      BETTY     MABTIN  " 

(11  S.  iv.  207).— In  reply  to  MB.  J.  F. 
BENSE'S  question  as  to  "  all  my  eye  and 
Betty  Martin  "  in  my  novel  '  Tillers  of  the 
Soil,'  I  may  say  that  "  Joe  Miller  "  relates 
that  a  seaman  of  his  day,  being  caught  in 
a  heavy  shower  in  some  Continental  port, 
went  into  a  Roman  Catholic  church  during 
service.  Whilst  he  remained,  probably  five 
to  ten  minutes,  the  choir,  or  the  congrega- 
tion, chanted — as  a  refrain  or  response,  no 
doubt— "Ah!  mihi,  beate  Martine."  Then, 
when  the  sailor  returned  aboard  his  ship, 
and  was  asked  what  fine  sights  he  had 
seen,  the  main  thread  in  his  yarn  was  his 
visit  to  the  church,  with  the  oft-repeated 
remark  :  "  But  all  I  could  make  o'  what 
they  said  was  'All  my  eye  an'  Betty  Martin.' ' ' 
In  time  the  phrase  grew  to  mean  "All  non- 
sense." As  "  Joe  Miller "  was  some  50 
years  prior  to  Mr.  BENSE'S  earliest 
quotation,  we  can  only  infer  that  all  the 
examples  were  efforts  to  "  elbow "  the 
original  out  of  the  way.  In  other  words, 
they  were  true  "Joe  Millers." 

J.  E.  PATTEBSON. 

I  have  known  this  saying  all  my  life  in 
use  in  Northamptonshire  and  Warwickshire. 
Miss  Baker  in  her  '  Northamptonshire  Glos- 
sary '  says  : — 

"Many  of  our  most  popular  vulgarisms  may  be 
traced  to  some  whimsical  perversion  of  language  or 
facts  ;  and  it  has  been  supposed  that  some  ancient 
hyrnn  or  prayer  to  St.  Martin,  one  of  the  worthies 
of  the  Romish  Calendar,  contains  the  words  '  0  mihi 
beate  Martine,'  which  someone,  more  prone  to  pun- 
ning than  praying,  has  distorted  into  this  prevalent 
plebeian  phrase." 

See  also  7  S.  ix.  216,  298. 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

In  The  Cambridge  Chronicle,  more  than 
thirty  years  ago,  I  saw  this  expression  in  the 
form  of  mediaeval  Latin,  thus  :  "  Hei 
mihi  !  Beate  Martin'  !  "  It  was  used 
derisively  in  a  letter  against  my  candida- 
ture for  an  appointment. 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  23,  MIL]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


255 


The  phrase  may  perhaps  have  its  origin 
in  a  popular  jest  which  ridiculed  the  in- 
vocation to  St.  Martin. 

GEORGE  WHERRY. 

Cambridge. 

There  is  a  phonetic  resemblance  in  "  Betty 
Martin  "  to  "  Berta  e  Martino,"  Berta  of  the 
mill  and  Martino  the  thrasher,  the  Italian 
types  of  stupidity,  alluded  to  in  Dante, 
*  Par.'  c.  xiii.  v.  139.  B.  D.  MOSELEY. 

I  have  heard  it  said  that  "  All  my  eye 
and  Betty  Martin  "  is  used  by  sailors,  and 
*'  All  my  eye  and  Tommy "  by  soldiers. 
But  "  It 's  all  my  eye,"  and  "  It 's  all  Tommy 
rot "  are  in  constant  usage.  Some  say 
"'  All  my  eye  and  Peggy  Martin."  There 
are  many  similar  phrases  meaning  the  same, 
as  "It's  all  Dick,  Tom,  and  Harry." 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

[Several  other  correspondents  give  "  0  mihi, 
Beate  Martine,"  as  the  source.] 

FRENCH  COINS  :  REPUBLIC  AND  EMPIRE 
(11  S.  iv.  149,  211).— If  MR.  PIERPOINT  is 
interested  in  the  coinage  of  the  Republic 
and  the  Empire,  he  will  do  well  to  examine 
c*aref  ally  the  pieces  in  his  collection.  Unless 
he  has  been  singular  in  his  search,  he  will 
find  on  them  the  distinguishing  marks  by 
which  the  progress  of  French  armies  under 
Napoleon  was  chronicled.  When  a  country 
or  province  possessing  its  own  mint  was  over- 
run, French  gold  and  silver  five-franc 
pieces  were  issued  bearing  the  effigies  of 
the  First  Consul  or  Emperor  on  one  side, 
and  of  the  Republic  or  Empire  on  the 
reverse.  This  was  the  case  at  Milan,  Turin, 
Rome,  and  Amsterdam,  and  probably  at 
other  places.  More  than  fifty  years  ago  I 
was  staying  with  a  Swiss  banker,  M.  Rodolphe 
Tissot,  who  had  a  very  large  set  of  these 
various  issues  ;  but  at  this  time  I  can  only 
remember  the  distinguishing  mark  of  the 
Rome  mint,  a  wolf  suckling  two  babes, 
minutely  engraved  under  the  bust  of 
Napoleon. 

I.  may,  perhaps,  mention  in  this  connexion 
the  interesting  collection  of  Greek,  Asian, 
and  Roman  coins  formed  by  M.  Tissot, 
part  of  which  was  purchased  for  the  British 
Museum  and  part  for  the  Louvre.  All  these 
coins  were  found  in  Switzerland,  and  for  the 
most  part  during  M.  Tissot' s  lifetime, 
extending  over  ninety  years.  They  are 
probably  arranged  in  their  respective  places 
in  the  two  museums  ;  but  if  their  source 
has  been  noted — as  it  was  in  the  copy  of 
M.  Tissot' s  catalogue  which  he  gave  me — 
a  very  interesting  deduction  might  be  made, 


suggesting  that  even  in  the  most  remote 
periods  of  commercial  intercourse  Switzer- 
land was  a  highway  of  the  nations. 

L.  G.  R. 

During  the  twenty-two  years  I  have 
handled  French  coins  daily,  a  certain 
number  of  pieces  bearing  the  Emperor's 
head  on  the  one  side,  and  "  Republique 
Fran9aise "  on  the  other,  have  passed 
through  my  hands  ;  but  I  never  understood 
they  were  rare  enough  to  be  sought  for  by 
collectors.  My  remarks  refer  to  the  "  louis  " 
(gold  twenty- franc  piece)  and  the  "  ecu  " 
or  silver  five-franc  coin.  If  any  fifty- 
centime,  one-franc,  or  two-franc  pieces  were 
struck,  they  would  be  called  in  by  now 
(1866  is,  I  believe,  the  present  limit).  But 
all  five-franc  pieces  struck  since  the  decimal 
system  of  coinage  was  introduced  at  the 
time  of  the  Revolution  are  still  current. 
I  have  never  seen  a  French  current  gold 
coin  anterior  to  Napoleon's  advent,  but  this, 
I  fancy,  is  simply  because  the  First  Republic 
had  no  gold  to  strike,  and  was  obliged  to 
content  itself  with  paper  money,  silver, 
and  copper. 

If  any  of  your  correspondents  wish  to 
complete  their  collection,  I  would  suggest 
personal  application  to  the  uniformed 
cashiers  at  the  big  Parisian  banks  (like  the 
Credit  Lyonnais,  Boulevard  des  Italiens). 
These  men  handle  thousands  of  pounds  of 
change  daily,  and  I  am  pretty  sure  could 
obtain  such  comparatively  common  coins 
as  those  under  discussion  within  a  reason- 
able time.  F.  A.  W. 

The  letter  after  the  date  is  the  local 
mark  of  the  atelier  monetaire  where  the  coin 
comes  from.  According  to  Lalanne's 
'  Diet.  hist,  de  la  France  '  (which  certainly 
is  to  be  found  among  the  reference  books  of 
the  British  Museum),  the  letter  O  denotes 
Riom.  See  Lalanne,  s.v.  '  Monnaies 
(hotels  des).'  H.  GAIDOZ. 

22,  Rue  Servandoni,  Paris  (VIe). 

GRINLING  GIBBONS  AND  ROGERS  (11  S. 
iv.  89,  137,  154,  217).— It  would,  I  think, 
be  interesting  to  know  more  of  the  Mr. 
Rogers  mentioned  at  the  last  reference. 
Probably  a  good  many  carvings  loosely 
attributed  to  Gibbons  were  in  fact  by  this 
artist.  I  have  a  copy  of  the  sale  catalogue 
of  a  "  choice  and  valuable  assemblage  of 
exquisite  carvings  in  wood  by  that  un- 
rivalled artist,  Mr.  Rogers,  displaying  in 
every  variety  the  refined  taste  and  exquisite 
manipulation  for  which  he  is  so  justly  cele- 
brated." The  sale  was  held  at  Christie's, 


256 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        m  s.  iv.  SEPT.  23, 1911. 


26  June,  1861.  It  included  several  important 
specimens  of  Grinling  Gibbons.  The  cata- 
logue contains  a  number  of  illustrations. 

W.  ROBERTS. 
18,  King's  Avenue,  Clapham  Park. 

"  APSSEN  COUNTER"  (10  S.  xii.  349; 
11  S.  i.  116  ;  iv.  217). — The  suggestion  that 
"  apssen "  can  refer  to  abseys,  i.e.  to 
A-B-C,  seems  to  me  to  be  obviously  inade- 
quate, and  indeed  impossible,  since  this 
does  not  account  for  the  final  n.  The  suffix 
-en,  as  in  wood-en,  wooll-en,  &c.,  is  adjec- 
tival, being  cognate  with  the  Lat.  suffix 
-inus,  and  usually  means  "  made  of."  I 
take  apsen  (the  second  s  being  super- 
fluous) to  be  merely  the  usual  old  spelling 
of  aspen,  which  is  short  for  aspen-tree. 

"Aspen  is  an  adj.,  like  (/olden,  and  is  used  tor 
aspen-tree,  from  M.E.  a*p ;  cf.  Chaucer,  'Cant. 
Tales,'  7249.  A.-S.  cespe,  ceps.  Allied  to  Dutch 
e.sp,  Icel.  asp,  Dan.  and  Swed.  asp  ;  G.  espe,  aspe."— 
Skeat, '  Concise  Etym.  Diet.,'  Oxford,  1911. 

See  also  lime  (2),  lind,  lind-en,  in  the  same> 
pp.  295,  296.  WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

As  this  query  has  just  received  a  fresh 
reply,  I  should  like  to  say  that  there  is  no 
doubt  that  the  answer  given  at  11  S.  i. 
116  is  correct,  that  is  to  say,  that  the  counter 
was  made  of  aspen  wood.  In  Kentish 
parish  books  in  the  middle  of  the  eighteenth 
century  one  frequently  finds  "  apps  timber  " 
or  even  "  epps  timber,"  and  even  to-day  this 
form  is  by  no  means  obsolete.  According 
to  the  '  N.E.D.,'  one  of  the  O.E.  forms  was 
"  seps."  PERCY  MAYLAM. 

Canterbury. 

URBAN  V.'s  FAMILY  NAME  (11  S.  iv.  204). 
—The  suggestion  that  Guillauine  Grimoard, 
Pope  Urban  V.'s  patronymic,  was,  in  reality, 
Grimaldi  is  ingenious.  But  how  about  the 
Grimoards  of  Fronsac  (Perigord)  ?  Pope 
Urban' s  father  was  a  Grimoard,  lord  of 
Grisac  and  Bellegarde,  in  the  diocese  of 
Mende.  These  Gevaudan  Grimoards  bore 
Gules,  a  chief  dancetty  or,  as  distinguished 
from  the  Argent,  a  chief  dancetty  azure, 
of  the  Perigourdin  family.  From  this 
armorial  variation  J.  Mallat,  writing  in  the 
Bulletin  of  the  Soc.  Histor.  et  Archeol.  du 
Perigord  (xxiii.,  198,  1896),  argues  that 
Fronsac  threw  off  a  branch  which  estab- 
lished itself  in  the  Limosin  (where  it  can  be 
traced  in  ^the  twelfth  century),  whence  the 
line  of  Gevaudan,  in  which  district  it  was 
firmly  rooted  at  the  time  of  Guillaume 
Grimoard' s  elevation  to  the  Papacy.  He 
cites  a  statement  that  this  line  of  Grisac 


in  the  Gevaudan  came  "  ex  militaribus  de 
Segur  qui  Grimoardi  cognominantur."  Segur 
is  in  the  Bas-Limousin.  Moreover,  an  in- 
scription "  qu'on  lisait  "  in  the  cloister  of 
the  Augustines  at  Toulouse  ran  "  Urbanus 
Papa  Quintus  Lemovicensis,"  &c. 

Albanes'  paper,  '  Recherches  sur  la  famille 
de  Grimoard  et  sur  ses  possessions  terri- 
toriales  au  XIVe  siecle,'  was  published  in  the 
Bulletin  of  the  Society  of  the  Lozere  (xvii, 
79,  1866)  ;  the  same  journal  contains 
(v,  78,  1854)  a  notice  of  the  discovery  of  the 
tomb  of  Pope  Urban' s  parents. 

To  resume,  L.  M.  R.  has  to  prove  that  all 
these  Grimoards  were  of  the  Grimaldi  stock. 
Armorially,  the  theory  he  bases  upon  the 
name  variations  or  spellings  gains  in  plausi- 
bility when  the  dancetty  chief  of  Grimoard 
is  compared  with  the  jusilly  coat  of  Grimaldi 
— that  is,  from  the  standpoint  of  early 
"  cadency."  But  his  theory  is  as  yet  only 
stated  ;  the  likeness  of  the  names  proves 
nothing.  And  the  Grimaldis  were  surely 
not  quite  one  of  "  the  most  powerful  of  the 
mediaeval  septs."  As  regards  Grimaldo  of 
Spain,  is  it  proved  that  the  Marques  de 
Grimaldo  (temp.  Philip  V.)  was  of  GrimalcU 
extraction  ?  I  do  not  think  Saint-Simon 
imagined  so.  Of  course,  the  marquis  bore 
the  jusilly.  SICILE. 

I  perceive  that  L.  M.  R.  accepts  Onuphrius 
Panvinius's  'Epitome'  (1559)  as  his  autho- 
rity for  the  spelling  of  Grimaldi,  the  family 
name  of  Urban  V.  Had  my  old  friend 
Grissell  still  lived,  he  might  have  added 
his  special  knowledge  to  the  question  of  the 
Pope's  origin.  Under  my  eyes  I  have  not 
the  '  Epitome,'  nor  Panvinius's  Latin  Life 
of  Urban  V.  But  I  possess  this  Jesuit 
writer's  'De  Ludis  Circensibus  et  de  Tri- 
umphis,'  which  contains  many  woodcuts  of 
Rome  in  the  sixteenth  century,  showing  the 
destruction  of  numerous  monuments  since 
that  period.  This  author  was  born  at 
Verona  in  1529,  and  died  in  Palermo  in 
1568,  producing  in  less  than  forty  years 
a  voluminous  series  of  publications.  His 
'  Epitome,'  quoted  by  L.  M.  R.,  extended 
from  St.  Peter  up  to  Pope  Paul  IV.,  and  was 
published  in  Latin  at  Venice  in  1573  after 
his  death.  WILLIAM  MERCER. 

LIEUT. -CoL.  OLLNEY  (11  S.  iv.  48). — 
John  Harvey  Ollney  (1774-1837)  entered 
the  82nd  Foot  as  Ensign  in  1802,  but  on  its 
reduction  the  same  year  he  entered  the 
9th  Foot,  and  was  placed  on  half -pay 
in  1803.  He  then  served  in  the  Royal 
South  Gloucester  Militia  as  Major  and  as 


n  s.  iv.  SEPT.  23, 1911.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


257 


Lieutenant-Colonel  from  1803  to  1816.  In 
1798  he  married  at  Bath,  but  had  no 
children.  In  1828  he  was  living  on  the 
Continent. 

Lieut. -Col.  Ollney  in  1837  bequeathed 
108  pictures  to  the  National  Gallery,  of 
which  only  18  were  accepted. 

E.  H.  FAIRBROTHER. 
[T.  S.  R.  W.  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

CHARLES  ELSTOB  (US.  iv.  210). — In  the 
Catalogue  of  the  London  Library  is  the 
following  entry  : — 

"Elstob  (Eliz.),  English  Saxon  Homily  on  Birth- 
day of  St.  George  (transl.),  8vo,  1709.  Rudiments  of 
Grammar  for  the  English  Saxon  Tongue,  4to,  1715." 

Perhaps  this  lady  was  the  mother,  or  at 
least  a  relative,  of  Charles  Elstob,  and  may 
help  G.  F.  R.  B.  A.  LEWIS. 

HIGHGATE  ARCHWAY  (11  S.  iv.  206). — 
A  cutting  from  The  Daily  Mail  of  3  January, 
1901,  announces  that  "  the  last  remaining 
portion  of  the  old  Highgate  Archway  is 
now  being  removed."  The  same  paragraph 
also  contains  the  statement  :  "The 
memorial  stone,  dated  October  31,  1812, 
has  been  taken  away."  What  eventually 
became  of  this  interesting  memorial  ? 

A  paragraph  from  The  Times  of  3  Novem- 
ber, 1812,  devoted  to  a  description  of  the 
contemplated  work,  opens  as  follows  : — 

"  On  Saturday  last  [31  October]  the  corner  stone 
of  Highgate  Archway  was  laid  in  the  presence  of  the 
Directors,  by  Edward  Smith,  Esq.,  their  Chairman." 

As  this  is  subsequently  referred  to  as  "  the 
first  stone,"  the  announcement  made  by 
The  Observer  of  18  August,  1811,  would 
seem  to  be  somewhat  premature.  What 
is  the  explanation  of  this  seeming  anomaly  ? 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

STOCKINGS,  BLACK  AND  COLOURED  (US. 
iv.  166,  214). — My  recollections  are  in 
accordance  with  those  of  MR.  RATCLIFFE. 
But  the  late  Mr.  Marmaduke  Constable  of 
Walcot  in  the  parish  of  Alkborough  objected 
to  his  servants  wearing  black  stockings, 
because  he  thought  it  an  uncleanly  habit. 
It  was  not  at  once  seen  if  the  stockings 
wanted  washing.  On  one  occasion  when  he 
went  into  his  kitchen  and  saw  some  black 
stockings  hanging  up  to  dry,  he  'took  them 
with  the  tongs  and  threw  them  on  the  fire. 

J.  T.  F. 

Winter  ton,  Doncaster. 

ST.  ESPRIT  (11  S.  iv.  209).— The  church 
at  Wappenbury,  Warwickshire,  is  under 
the  same  dedication  as  that  of  Marton,  and 
the  French  rendering  of  Holy  Spirit  is,  I 
believe,  in  both  cases  anglicized  into  Esperit 


(see  '  Studies  in  Church  Dedications,'  vol.  i. 
p.  24).  In  this  ascription  we  have  a  trace 
of  Norman  influence,  just  as  we  had  formerly 
in  the  name  of  the  fine  church  of  St.  Wolfran 
at  Grantham,  which  trace  a  learned  vicar, 
towards  the  end  of  last  century,  obliterated 
when  he  insisted  on  the  building  being  called 
"St.  Wulf ram's,"  in  order  to  demonstrate 
that  the  saint  himself  was  a  Teuton.  We 
should  lose  a  precious  historic  indication  if 
insular,  or  any  other,  prejudice  led  the  parish 
priests  of  Marton  and  Wappenbury  to 
english  St.  Esprit  or  Esperit  into  Holy 
Ghost.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

St.  Esprit' s  Church  at  Marton,  Warwick- 
shire, was  anciently  appropriated  to  the 
monastery  of  Nuneaton.  The  register  dates 
from  1660.  It  was  rebuilt  in  1871  with  the 
exception  of  the  embattled  tower  at  the  west 
end,  which  is  of  the  thirteenth  century. 

St.  Esprit  was  the  title  of  an  order  of 
knighthood  founded  by  Henry  III.  of  France 
in  1578,  and  abolished  in  1791. 

T.  SHEPHERD. 

THE  LORD  CHIEF  JUSTICE,  THE  SHERIFF, 
AND  VENTILATION  (11  S.  iv.  169,  217).— 
Ten  days  or  so  before  the  incident  recorded 
by  MR.  RHODES  in  his  reply,  a  passage  at 
arms  occurred  between  Judge  Blackburn 
and  Mr.  John  W.  Evelyn  on  the  opening  of 
the  Assizes  at  Guildford.  The  county  had 
turned  out  in  force,  and  Mr.  Evelyn,  who  was 
a  most  courteous  gentleman,  suggested  to 
the  Judge  that  it  would  only  be  an  act  of 
courtesy  if,  when  thanking  the  jury  for  their 
attendance,  he  would  include  the  other 
gentlemen  who  had  come,  but  had  not  been 
sworn  in.  This  the  Judge  declined  to  do, 
therefore  Mr.  Evelyn  said  he  would,  and 
accordingly  proceeded  to  carry  out  his  in- 
tention when  Judge  Blackburn  had  thanked 
the  jury. 

On  the  Sheriff  standing  up  to  tender  his 
thanks,  the  Judge  ordered  him  to  sit  down  ; 
but  on  his  insisting  on  carrying  out  his 
good  intention,  Judge  Blackburn  fined  him 
500Z.  for  contempt  of  court.  However, 
his  friends  prevailing  on  him  to  tender  an 
apology,  the  fine  was  remitted. 

MR.  RHODES  will  pardon  my  correcting  his 
statement,  "as  a  matter  of  history  "  ;  for 
in  the  second  unpleasant  incident  (which  he 
recorded)  the  fine  was  paid,  but  never 
remitted,  although,  according  to  able  legal 
opinion,  Judge  Blackburn  was  wrong  in 
closing  the  courts  to  the  public,  and  the 
Sheriff  had  only  done  his  duty  in  having 
them  reopened.  E.  H.  FAIRBROTHEP. 

[MR.  JAMES  CURTIS  also  thanked  for  reply.] 


258 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  23, 1911. 


CLUB  ETRANGER  AT  HANOVER  SQUARE  : 
CERCLE  DES  NATIONS  (11  S.  ii.  407,  477  ; 
iii.  96 ;  iv.  179,  216).  —  The  Cercle  des 
Etrangers  was  also  called,  if  my  memory 
does  not  betray  me,  Cercle  des  Nations.  It 
was  situated  at  the  north  corner  of  Cavendish 
Place  and  Regent  Street  (Langham  Place, 
as  it  was  then  called).  By  a  coincidence, 
I  dined  there  on  one  occasion  when  the 
question  of  its  being  transferred  to  Hanover 
Square  was  discussed  by  my  host  and  some 
friends  ;  but  to  the  best  of  my  belief  the 
project  was  not  realized.  Possibly  this  was 
due  to  the  fact  that  the  Cercle  des  Nations 
had  a  brief  and  not  altogether  brilliant 
career.  I  was  surprised  at  the  sumptuous- 
ness  of  the  dinner  provided  as  much  as  at 
the  modicity  of  the  charge  made  for  it. 
But  the  explanation  appeared  when,  at  a 
later  hour,  with  very  slight  formalities, 
I  was  allowed  to  pass  into  an  inner  room 
where  baccarat  was  being  played,  and  for 
high  stakes.  This  must  have  been  in  the 
late  seventies  or  early  eighties  of  the  last 
century.  L.  C.  R. 

CARDINAL  ALLEN  (US.  iv.  30,  78,  116, 
215). — I  do  not  think  that  we  can  accept 
the  spelling  on  the  monument  at  Rome  or 
in  the  will  of  Thomas  Lyster  as  conclusive 
evidence  of  the  correct  spelling  of  Cardinal 
Allen's  name.  In  the  time  of  Henry  VIII. 
a  branch  of  the  family  lived  at  Rossall  in 
the  parish  of  Poult on-le-Fylde  (see  Chetham 
Soc.  vol.  viii.  New  Series),  and  amongst  the 
debts  due  to  the  monastery  of  Dieulacres 
at  the  Dissolution  were  "  To  Elizabeth 
Alenn  of  Rossall  xii11 "  and  "  To  John 
Alenn  of  Rossall  iiij11."  This  John  Allen 
was  buried  in  Bispham  Church  before  1530, 
and  his  son  George  left  a  will,  dated  27 
March,  1530,  in  which  he  describes  himself 
as  "  George  Alen  of  Rosshall,"  and  his  four 
sons  are  called  "  Alens."  One  of  them 
removed  to  London,  where  he  was  sub- 
sequently known  as  Thomas  Allen. 

John,  the  second  son  of  George,  and  father 
of  the  Cardinal,  was  bailiff  of  Rossall  under 
the  Abbot  of  Dieulacres  in  1539.  In  1566 
John  Hogson  of  Little  Carleton  (in  Poulton) 
in  his  will  requested  "Master  John  Allen 
to  be  his  supervisor  "  ;  and  in  1565  Richard 
Cropper,  the  Vicar  of  Poulton,  bequeathed 
to  "  Majister  Allen  xii'1." 

In  the  books  of  Oxford  University  William's 
name  appears  as  Allen  and  Alyn.  In  no 
one  instance  have  I  found  the  name  spelt 
Alan,  except  as  quoted  by  the  REV.  H.  L.  L. 
DENNY  (ante,  p.  215). 

HENRY  FISHWICK. 


JEW  AND  JEWSON  SURNAMES  (11  S.  iv. 
209). — Canon  C.  W.  Bardsley  in  his  '  English 
Surnames'  (1897)  says  that  "Jew,"  as 
representing  such  former  entries  as  "  Roger 
le  Jew "  or  "  Mirabilla  Judseus,"  is  un- 
doubtedly of  purely  Israelitish  descent. 

On  the  other  hand,  he  identifies  Jewson 
with  Jewitson,  a  common  surname  in  the 
rolls  of  the  thirteenth  and  fourteenth  cen- 
turies, derived  from  Juet  (Jowet  or  Jowett 
in  the  North),  a  once  familiar  corruption  of 
the  diminutive  Juliet.  The  last-named 
equals  Gilot,  a  diminutive  of  the  female 
Christian  name  Julian  or  Juliana  (pp.  74y 
167).  A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

May  not  these  and  similar  names  have 
originated  with  an  ignorant  parish  clerk 
or  careless  parson  ?  The  old  names  Dew, 
Dewhurst,  Dewson,  and  Tewson  are  easily 
mispronounced  or  misheard.  How  often 
one  may  hear  a  vocalist  sing  of  certain 
bonnie  braes  "  where  early  falls  the  jew  "  ! 

A.  T.  W. 

ANCIENT  METAL  Box  (US.  iv.  208).— I 
think  it  more  likely  that  the  box  in  question 
was  used  to  contain  the  wafers  before  con- 
secration, and  not  to  convey  the  Sacrament 
to  the  sick.  Such  boxes  are  still  in  use  for 
that  purpose.  H.  BEAZANT. 

Round  way,  Friern  Barnet. 

LEMAN  STREET,  E.  (11  S.  iv.  210).— I  was 
once,  many  years  ago,  in  this  street.  The 
name  was  then  pronounced — allowing  for 
the  difference  between  the  vowels  a  and  o — 
as  the  fruit  lemon.  J.  P.  STILWELL. 

DICKENS  AND  THACKERAY  (11  S.  iv.  47r 
153). — Madame  Mantalini  does  not  seem 
to  have  been  the  only  example  of  the  trans- 
ference of  a  Dickens  name  to  Thackeray's 
pages.  '  Vanity  Fair  '  contains  an  allusion 
of  the  kind.  The  closing  paragraph  of 
chap,  vii.,  descriptive  of  old  London  coach- 
ing days,  introduces  a  prominent  character 
from  '  The  Pickwick  Papers.'  Here  are  the 
particular  sentences  : — 

"  Where  is  the  road  now,  and  its  merry  incidents 
of  life  ?  Is  there  no  Chelsea  or  Greenwich  for  the 
old  honest  pimple-nosed  coachmen  ?  I  wonder 
where  are  they,  those  good  old  fellows?  Is  old 
Weller  alive  or  dead  ? " 

W.  B. 

THE  CUCKOO  AND  ITS  CALL  (11  S.  iii. 
486  ;  iv.  30,  75,  96,  135,  195).— The  whole 
question  has  been  treated  at  length  in  Eug. 
Rolland's  *  Faune  Populaire,'  vol.  ix. 
('  Oiseaux  Sauvages  '),  Paris,  1911,  pp.  124— 
150.  H.  GAIDOZ. 

22,  Rue  Servandoni,  Paris  (VIC). 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  23,  mi.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


259 


DANIEL  HOBBY  (11  S.  iv.  89,  138).— 
I  am  now  able  to  give  further  information 
in  regard  to  Daniel  Horry,  which  I  find  in 
a  most  interesting  work  describing  Colonial 
and  Revolutionary  times  in  South  Carolina, 
viz.,  '  Eliza  Pinkney,'  by  Mrs.  Harriott 
Horry  Ravenel. 

Daniel  Horry  was  the  son  of  Col.  Daniel 
Horry  of  Hampton,  Santee,  S.C.,  and 
Harriott  Pinkney,  daughter  of  the  Hon. 
Charles  Pinkney,  and  was  born  in  1769. 
He  was 

"  sent  to  England  very  young,  became  so  attached 
to  European  life  that  he  never  returned  to  America, 
except  on  visits.  He  settled  in  France,  where 
he  married  the  niece  of  General  La  Fayette, 
Eleonore  de  Fay  de  la  Tour  Maubourg,  daughter 
of  the  Comte  de  la  Tour  Maubourg.  They  left 
no  children.  A  lovely  portrait  of  this  lady  still 
exists.  A  portrait  of  her  husband  (who,  dropping 
the  name  of  Daniel,  called  himself  Charles  Lucas 
Pinkney  Horry),  a  most  beautiful  painting  by 
Romney,  was  unhappily  destroyed  in  1865.  It  was 
a  full-length  picture  representing  a  handsome 
youth  in  college  gown  and  buff  satin  breeches.  He 
held  his  cap  in  his  hand,  and  seemed  stepping  from 
the  doorway  (beautifully  painted)  of  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge." 

E.  H.  H. 

REV.  JOHN  HUTCHINS  (10  S.  xi.  409). — 
He  had  served  as  curate  of  the  parish  of 
St.  Botolph,  Aldersgate,  prior  to  his  in- 
stitution to  the  rectory  of  SS.  Anne  and 
Agnes,  Aldersgate,  14  September,  1796. 
See  the  case  of  Hutchins  v.  Denziloe  and 
Loveland,  argued  and  determined  in  the 
Consistory  Court  of  London,  9  February 
and  14  May,  1792,  included  in  Haggard's 
«  Reports,'  1822,  vol.  i.  pp.  170,  181. 

His  son,  the  Rev.  James  Toll  Hutchins, 
Librarian  of  Sion  College,  London,  a  member 
of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  B.A.  1803, 
M.A.  1810  ('Graduati  Cantabrigienses,' 
1823,'  p.  254),  was  instituted  Rector  of 
St.  Alphage,  London  Wall,  4  March,  1842, 
and  died  in  1851  (Hennessy,  'Novum 
Repertorium  Ecclesiasticum  Parochiale 
Londinense,'  1898,  pp.  Ix,  87). 

DANIEL  HIPWELL. 

BIBLES  WITH  CTJBIOUS  READINGS  (11  S. 
iii.  284,  433  ;  iv.  158,  217).— The  best 
account  of  the  "  Knave's  Bible "  will  be 
found  in  'Brewer's  Dictionary  of  Phrase 
and  Fable,'  1894  :— 

"  In  an  old  version  of  the  Bible  we  read  '  Paul,  a 
knave  of  Jesus  Christ,  called  to  be  an  apostle,'  &c. 
(Rom.  i.  1.).  This  version,  we  are  told,  is  in  the 
Harleian  Library,  but  is  generally  supposed  to  be  a 
forgery.  But,  without  doubt,  Wycliff  (Rev.  xii. 
5,  13)  used  the  compound  '  knave-child,'  and 
Chaucer  uses  the  same  in  the  '  Man  of  Lawe's  Tale,' 
line  5130." 


The  notice  in  Edwards' s  *  Words,  Facts, 
and    Phrases,'    1897,    is    practically    similar 
to  the  above.          HEBBEBT  B.  CLAYTON. 
39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennington  Lane. 

In  Our  Race  (a  quarterly  magazine  pub- 
lished at  New  Haven,  Connecticut)  for 
June,  1911,  p.  47,  is  a  list  of  35  "Remark- 
able Bibles,"  of  which  14  are  Bibles  with 
curious  readings.  No.  6  is  the  Knave 
Bible  (Romans  i.  1 ),  but  no  date  is  given. 

L.  M.  R. 

The  "Idle  Bible,"  1809.— The  word 
"idol"  is  printed  "idle"  in  the  sentence 
"Woe  to  the  idol  shepherd  that  leave th 
the  flock  !  "  (Zech.  xi.  17). 

T.  SHEPHEBD. 

"  Paul,  a  knave  of  Jesus  Christ '?  (Romans 
i.  1),  occurs  in  the  Wycliffite  Bible,  where 
"knave"  is  reverently  used  for  "servant," 
the  latter  being  the  reading  of  the  A.V. 
In  Anglo-Saxon  Cndpa  is  a  servant,  literally 
a  boy  (Germ.  Knabe).  Compare  *  Antony 
and  Cleopatra,'  IV.  xiv.  12,  where  Antony- 
talks  with  his  friend  Eros  : — 

My  good  knave  Eros,  now  thy  captain  is 
Even  such  a  body. 

TOM  JONES. 

"PUT  THAT  IN  YOUB  PIPE  AND  SMOKE 
IT"  (11  S.  iv.  207).— See  'Pickwick,'  chap, 
xvi.  (Sam  Weller  to  Job  Trotter) :  "  The 
next  time  you  go  out  to  a  smoking  party, 
young  feller,  fill  your  pipe  with  that  'ere, 
reflection."  G.  W.  E.  RUSSELL. 

TWINS  AND  SECOND  SIGHT  (US.  iii.  469*;: 
iv.  54,  156). — There  is  a  fairly  general  opinion 
that  twins  are  very  sensitive  in  regard  to> 
each  other,  and  "  feel  for  each  other '" 
when  something  out  of  the  common  is  hap- 
pening to  either.  I  have  heard  "a  twin2' 
express  himself  in  this  way.  Girl  twins 
are  considered  more  sensitive. 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

"CASTLES  IN  SPAIN":  "CASTLE  IN 
THE  AIB"  (11  S.  iv.  66,  113,  178).— See  the, 
remarks  in  the  «N.E.D.'  s.v.  'Castle," 
11.  Littre  cites  the  Mercure  Francis  of 
1616  to  account  for  the  origin  of  the  phrase, 
but  questions  the  absolute  truth  of  the^ 
statement.  N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

"SEVECHEB"  (11  S.  iv.  209). —Probably 
"searcher."  Searchers  were  persons  who 
were  formerly  elected  (with  the  other  parish 
officers)  to  "  search  '*  the  body  of  a  deceased 
person  in  order  to  ascertain  the  cause  of 
death.  W.  McM. 


260 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv. SEPT. 23, 1911. 


0n  ?800ks, 


A  History  of  Architecture  in  London.     By  Walter 

H.  Godfrey.      (Batsford.) 

MB.  GODFREY  claims  for  architecture  that  it  is 
the  crystallization  of  history,  just  as,  in  a  much 
less  marked  degree,  are  the  arts  of  literature  and 
painting.  In  an  interesting  Introduction  he 
traces  the  succeeding  waves  of  Hellenic,  Roman, 
and  Byzantine  influence  upon  the  art  of  building 
in  Europe.  Citing  as  examples  Ictinus  and 
Callicrates,  he  discusses  that  intense  idealism 
which  characterized  the  Greek  nation,  and 
expressed  itself  in  the  conception  of  such  master- 
pieces as  the  'Parthenon. 

The  sense  of  proportion,  with  its  resultant 
harmony  and  unity,  was  the  secret  of  the  Greeks' 
success.  For  complicated  types  of  construction 
they  had  no  desire  ;  the  plea  of  novelty  was 
probably  unknown  to  them,  and  would  at  any 
rate  have  been  considered  superfluous.  The 
height  of  simplicity  marked  the  zenith  of  their 
success. 

Mr.  Godfrey  quotes  the  words  of  Horace, 
Grsecia  capta  ferum  Victorem  cepit,  et  artes 
Intulit  agresti  Latio, 

and  points  out  that  though  the  Romans  were  able 
to  deprive  the  Greeks  of  their  liberty,  they  were 
themselves  forced,  because  of  their  own  material- 
ism, to  become  the  patrons  of  Greek  art.  It  was 
the  genius  of  the  Greeks,  after  all,  that  clothed 
the  imperial  arches  of  Vespasian's  Colosseum 
with  their  beautiful  veneer  of  stone. 

A  discussion  of  the  Roman  arch  leads  to  the 
important  year  324  A.D.,  in  which  Constantine 
virtually  put  an  end  to  the  classical  Roman  period 
by  removing  the  capital  of  the  Empire  to  Byzan- 
tium. The  universal  style  which  logically  should 
have  been  evolved  from  the  Roman  Imperial 
design  was  the  Byzantine  dome  construction. 
But  this  only  became  fully  developed  in  the  reign 
of  Justinian,  when  the  famous  church  of  San  eta 
Sophia  at  Constantinople  was  built  ;  and  even 
then  it  was  largely  confined  to  the  East  and 
to  Italy.  Thus  it  must  be  left  out  of  account 
in  discussing  the  Romanesque  development  of 
Northern  and  Western  Europe.  What  the  reign  of 
Constantine  did  for  architecture  was  to  signalize 
the  triumphant  appearance  of  the  Christian 
Church,  because  for  more  than  a  thousand  years 
after  this  period  the  history  of  the  one  became  the 
history  of  the  other. 

The  work  of  the  latter  is  traced  in  four  chapters, 
through  the  Romanesque,  and  the  Gothic  periods 
of  the  thirteenth,  fourteenth,  and  fifteenth  cen- 
turies. The  last  of  these  witnessed  its  completion 
so  far  as  architecture  was  concerned  ;  for  a  great 
-enthusiasm  for  the  building  of  country  houses 
and  town  mansions  had  arisen  by  that  time.  And 
the  dissolution  of  the  monasteries  in  the  reign 
of  Henry  VIII.  brought  about  their  wholesale 
adaptation  into  splendid  mansions,  of  which  there 
is  left  to  us  a  great  example  in  the  Charterhouse. 

The  Tudor  period,  the  early  Renaissance  of 
Elizabethan  and  Jacobean  times,  and  the  middle 
seventeenth-century  Renaissance  of  the  Inigo 
Jones  period  are  all  discussed  in  an  interesting 
manner.  A  clever  model  of  the  Fortune  Theatre 


in  Golden  Lane  has  recently  been  made  from  plans 
prepared  by  Mr.  Godfrey  in  collaboration  with  Mr. 
William  Archer.  An  illustration  of  this  theatre, 
in  which  Shakespeare  is  supposed  to  have  acted, 
will  be  found  in  the  chapter  dealing  with  mid- 
seventeenth-century  work,  though  from  a  chrono- 
logical point  of  view  one  would  have  expected  to 
find  it  among  the  buildings  of  the  early  Renais- 
sance period. 

The  longest,  and  perhaps  the  most  important, 
chapter  in  the  book  is  that  which  gives  new  side- 
lights upon  the  work  and  characteristics  of  Sir 
Christopher  Wren. 

The  volume  closes  with  the  discussion  of  the 
Georgian  period,  and  an  appreciation  of  the  work 
of  the  brothers  Adam.  Robert  Adam  died  in 
1792.  Of  so  little  importance  does  Mr.  Godfrey 
consider  the  work  of  the  Victorian  enthusiasts 
that  he  dismisses  them  with  a  single  paragraph. 
He  gives  as  his  reason  for  this  treatment  the  fact 
that  their  work  was  not  far-reaching  enough  to 
warrant  its  inclusion.  In  this  book,  therefore, 
a  complete  history  has  not  been  attempted.  Its 
significance  lies  rather  in  the  completeness  of  its 
view,  which  is  purposely  a  bird's-eye  one. 

At  the  beginning  of  each  chapter  there  is  a  list 
of  the  principal  buildings  of  the  period  with 
which  it  deals.  Plentiful  illustrations  are  supplied, 
but,  owing  to  their  arrangement,  constant  refer- 
ence to  them  is  rendered  rather  wearisome  work. 
Good  maps  and  an  index  are  also  provided. 


in  <B0rmp0nfattts. 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
ind  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
communications  which,  for  any  reason,  we  do  not 
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WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "  The  .Editor  of  '  Notes  and  Queries  '  "—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub 
lishers  "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

To  secure  insertion  of  communications  corre- 
spondents must  observe  the  following  rules.  Let 
each  note,  query,  or  reply  be  written  on  a  separate 
slip  of  paper,  with  the  signature  of  the  writer  and 
such  address  as  he  wishes  to  appear.  When  answer- 
ing queries,  or  making  notes  with  regard  to  previous 
entries  in  the  paper,  contributors  are  requested  to 
put  in  parentheses,  immediately  after  the  exact 
heading,  the  series,  volume,  and  page  or  pages  to 
which  they  refer.  Correspondents  who  repeat 
queries  are  requested  to  head  the  second  com- 
munication "  Duplicate." 

JOHN  WTARD  ("Sent  to  Coventry").  —  See  the 
quotations  under  Coventry  in  the  '  New  English 
Dictionary,'  and  the  articles  at  9  S.  iv.  264,  335. 

W.  B.  ("  The  East  bow'd  low  before  the  blast"). 
—Answered  at  10  S.  vi.  173. 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  so,  leu.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


261 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  M,  1911. 


CONTENTS.— No.  92. 

NOTES:— George  I.  Statue  in  Leicester  Square,  261  — 
Cromwelliana,  262  —  Epitaphiana,  264 — '  Interludium  de 
Clerico  et  Puella'— FitzGerald  Anecdote:  Two  Versions 
—Children  of  George  II.  and  the  Prince  of  Wales,  266— 
Wasps  forecasting  the  Weather—"  In  spite  of  his  teeth  " 
-"  Sniping"  :  Early  Instances — Hellings  Family,  267. 

QUERIES  :— "Selfist"— McClelland  of  North  Dakota,  267 
Robert  Bruce,  Earl  of  Boss— James  St.  John  of  South 
Carolina  —  American  Historical  Documents  —  Ceylon 
Officials  and  Writers— Stafford  of  Wokingham— Signora 
Corradini— 'A  Caxton  Memorial,'  268— Miles  &  Evans's 
Club  —  Scissors  :  "  Pile  "  Side  —  Watchmakers'  Sons  — 
Zadig  of  Babylon — Kniveton  Family — Gresham  Family — 
Tattershall :  Elsham  :  Grantham — Raphael's  Cartoons  : 
Le  Blon's  Copies— Noel,  Cook  to  Frederick  the  Great,  269 
— L.  Lanoe  — P.  Leigh  R.  Lodge  — B.  Lyndon  — W. 
Thacker— Thackeray  on  the  Marquis  de  Soubise's  Cook- 
Pope's  Description  of  Swift— Fulani,  Nigerian  Tribe — 
"Grecian  "in  1615— Epicurus  at  Herculaneum— Hunyadi 
Janos — Peare  Family,  270. 

REPLIES  :— Peers  immortalized  by  Public-Houses— Naked 
British  Soldiers  at  Maida,  271— Thirteenth— Per  centum  : 
its  Symbol— Cornish  Genealogy  and  the  Civil  War,  272— 
Dr.  Price  the  Druid,  273— Highgate  Archway,  274— London 
Directories— Washington  Irving's  'Sketch- Book '—Eliza- 
bethan Plays  in  Manuscript,  275 — Authors  Wanted  — 
'Guesses  at  Truth  '— Uniacke  Family— "  Complain  "  in 
Gray — "Ipecacuanha"  in  Verse—"  Water-Suchy" — Seven- 
teenth-Century Quotations,  276  — "  Scammel "—  Overing 
Surname— Henry  Fielding  and  the  Civil  Power,  277— 
Selden's  'Table  Talk':  "  Force  "—History  of  England 
with  Biming  Verses,  278 — "Hie  locus  odit,  amat,"&c.— 
Col.  Abbott :  '  Allaooddeen '—  Women  Carrying  their 
Husbands— Hamilton  Kerby— Belgian  Coin  with  Flemish 
Inscription,  279. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :-Dr.  Macray's  '  Fellows  of  Magdalen 
College,  Oxford' — Dr.  Kriiger's  ' Unenglisches  English.' 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


JSotes. 

GEORGE    I.    STATUE    IN    LEICESTER 

SQUARE : 

CANONS,    NEAR    EDGWARE. 
(See  11  S.  ii.  7,  50,  98,  135,  199  ;    iii.  152.) 

AT  the  second  reference  I  wrote  that  Mr. 
H.  B.  Wheatley  in  '  London  Past  and 
Present,'  1891,  states  that  the  statue  of 
George  I.  formerly  in  Leicester  Square 
was  uncovered  with  some  ceremony 
19  November,  1748.  Then  I  quoted  John 
Hollingshead  as  saying  in  '  The  Story  of 
Leicester  Square,'  1892,  that  it  could  not 
have  been  erected  in  1748,  as  a  print  of 
the  square  dated  1751  shows  a  Dutch- 
looking  tree  in  the  middle.  (Hollingshead 
adds,  "  Perhaps  the  print  is  wrongly 
dated.") 


I  further  gave  an  extract  from  Peter 
Cunningham's  '  Handbook  to  London,'  new 
edition,  1851,  in  which  he  says  : — 

"  I  have  a  proof  of  the  view  in  Leicester  Square 
in  the  1754  ed.  of  Stow,  without'the  statue  in  the 
centre.  The  print  in  the  book  contains  the  statue  : 
it  was  therefore  in  all  likelihood  erected  about 
1754." 

I  wrote  that  possibly  Mr.  Wheatley  had 
good  reason  for  giving  1748  as  the  date. 

At  5  S.   iv.    138  is  an  abbreviation  of  a 

paragraph    in    The    Gentleman's    Magazine 

which  confirms  Mr.   Wheatley' s  statement. 

The  whole  paragraph  is  worth  reproduction  : 

November  1748  Saturday  19 

Being  the  birth  day  of  the  Princess  of  Wales, 
was  a  very  splendid  appearance  of  nobility  and 
gentry  at  Leicester-House,  when  his  Royal 
Highness  observing  some  of  his  lords  to  wear 
French  stuffs,  immediately  ordered  the  D.  of 
Chandos,  his  groom  of  the  stole,  to  acquaint  them, 
and  all  his  servants  in  general,  that  after  that  day 
he  should  be  greatly  displeased  to  see  them  appear 
in  any  French  manufactures  ;  the  same  notice 
was  given  to  the  ladies. — The  fine  statue  of  K. 
George  I.  in  Leicester-square,  was  uncovered  on 
the  above  occasion.  —  Gentleman's  Magazine, 
vol.  xviii.  1748,  p.  521. 

The  Duke  of  Chandos  here  spoken  of  was 
Henry,  second  Duke.  It  is  interesting  to 
note  that  he  was  present  at  the  uncovering 
of  the  statue,  which  had  been  erected  by 
his  father,  the  first  Duke,  at  Canons.  The 
story  of  how  the  second  Duke  bought  his 
second  wife  is  told  at  4  S.  vi.  179.  The 
evidence  is  not  convincing. 

According  to  '  London  :  being  an  Accu- 
rate History,'  &c.,  by  David  Hughson, 
LL.D.  ( =David  Pugh,  LL.D.  ;  see  ante, 
p.  70),  vol.  vi.  pp.  418,  419,  foot-note, 
the  estate  of  Canons  was  sold  by  order  of 
the  Earl  of  Aylesbury,  father-in-law  of 
Henry,  the  second  Duke  of  Chandos,  and 
one  of  the  trustees  in  whom  it  was  vested. 

"As  no  purchaser  could  be  found  for  the 
house,  that  intended  to  reside  in  it,  the  materials 
of  the  building  were  sold  by  auction,  in  1747, 
in  separate  lots,  and  produced,  after  deducting 
the  expences  of  the  sale,  eleven  thousand  pounds 
[It  had  cost  £250,000 — ibid.,  p.  416,  foot-note.] 
The  marble  staircase,  in  particular,  was  purchased 
by  Philip  earl  of  Chesterfield,  for  his  house  in 
May  Fair  [each  step  consisted  of  one  piece,  twenty- 
two  feet  long — ibid.,  p.  417,  foot-note]  ;  the  fine 
columns  were  bought  for  the  portico  of  Wansted 
House.  The  magnificent  chapel  was  pulled  to 
pieces,  and  the  painted  window  purchased  by  the 
parish  of  Great  Malvern,  in  Worcestershire  ;  the 
great  iron  gate  is_  before  Hampstead  church  ; 
and  the  equestrian  statue  of  George  L,  one  of  the 
numerous  sculptures  that  adorned  the  grounds, 
is  now  [i.e.  1809]  the  ornament  of  Leicester 
Square." 

Assuming   that   Hughson    (Pugh)    and    The 
Gentleman's  Magazine  are  correct,  the  statue 


262 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  a  iv.  SEPT.  so,  1911. 


was  sold  at  Canons  in  1747,  and  uncovered 
in  Leicester  Square  in  1748. 

In  the  '  Dictionary  of  National  Biography  ' 
I  find,  s.v.  Brydges,  James,  first  Duke  of 
Chandos  : — 

"  The  statue  of  George  I.  helped,  till  1873,  to 
make  Leicester  Square  hideous." 

As  far  as  I  know,  there  is  no  evidence  of 
this  until  after  the  removal  of  Wyld's 
Great  Globe  and  the  mutilation  of  the  statue. 
Any  one  reading  the  extract  who  knew  no- 
thing about  the  state  of  Leicester  Square 
forty  years  ago  would  believe  that  the  statue 
was  originally  hideous. 

Besides  the  references  given  above,  there 
are  some  twenty-five  to  thirty  in  '  N.  &  Q.,' 
beginning  with  the  First  Series,  ii.  21 1.  They 
—or  most  of  them — are  to  be  found  s.v. 
'  Leicester  Square,'  '  George  I.  statue  in 


and  '  Baron  Grant.'       ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 


CROMWELLIANA. 

(See  11  S.  iii.  341  ;    iv.  3,  103.) 
V.  CROMWELL'S  MONUMENT  AND  ITS  FATE. 

THE  destruction  of  Cromwell's  monument 
in  Henry  VII. 's  Chapel  at  Westminster 
Abbey  is  an  event  described  by  modern 
writers  as  having  taken  place  "  at  the 
Restoration."  This  is  quite  wrong  :  it 
was  destroyed,  at  the  end  of  May,  1659, 
by  order  of  the  restored  Rump  Parliament. 
William  Younger  published  his  '  Brief 
View  of  the  late  Troubles  '  in  August,  1660, 
stating  that  he  first  began  this  chronicle  in 
the  register  book  of  his  parish.  After 
describing  the  downfall  of  Richard  Cromwell 
and  the  restoration  of  the  Rump  in  May, 
1659,  he  continues  : — 

"  And  now  all  mouthes  are  open  in  an  instant 
against  the  late  protector  Oliver,  reproaching 
him  as  the  worst  of  Tyrants  and  Usurpers, 
tearing  his  hearse  or  statue  in  pieces,  defacing 
and  pulling  down  his  sumptuous  monument 
that  was,  but  a  few  weeks  before  at  a  most  vast 
charge,  set  up  in  Westminster." 

The  "  Calendar  of  the  MSS.  of  the  Marquis 
of  Bath  at  Longleat,'"  vol.  ii.,  published  in 
1907,  sets  out  a  letter  from  T.  Ross  at 
Brussels  on  4  June  (i.e.  25  May,  O.S.)  to 
Col.  Gervase  Holies,  in "  which  the  writer 
states  that  the  Rump 
"  with  all  voted  old  Cromwell  a  tyrant,  and 
caused  his  statue  to  be  demolished  in  West- 
minster, and  sent  Dick  (with  a  promise  of  £10,000 
per  annum)  to  grass  in  the  country." 


The  licensed  newsbooks  having  been 
restored  by  the  Rump,  The  Weekly  Post, 
No.  5,  for  31  May-7  June,  1659,  p.  37, 
gives  the  following  account  of  what  took 
:>lace  : — 

"  The  stately  and  magnificent  monument  of 
the  late  lord  protector,  set  up  at  the  upper  end 
of  the  chancel  in  the  Abbey  at  Westminster,  is 
taken  down  by  order  of  the  Council  of  State,  and 
publick  sale  made  of  the  Crown,  Scepter  and  other 
Royal  ornaments  after  they  were  broken.  The 
nscription  set  upon  the  wall  is  said  to  be  this, 
Great  in  policy,  but  matchless  in  Tyranny.' 
[t  was  put  up  by  one  of  the  Royall  party,  but 
pull'd  down  by  one  of  the  soldiery." 

Finally,  a  pamphlet  entitled  *  Twenty- 
seven  Queries  relating  to  the  general  good 
of  these  nations.  Which  will  neither  please 
madmen  nor  displease  rational  men ' 
(6  June,  1659)  inquires  :— 

"  Whether  they  that  caused  the  great  Engine 
set  up  in  Henry  the  Seventh's  Chappel  to  be 
baken  down  did  not  do  better  and  more  to  the 
liking  of  all  the  good  people  of  the  Land  than  they 
that  caused  it  to  be  set  up  ?  " 

The  effigy  was  not  destroyed,  according 
to  Winstanley's  '  Worthies,'  probably  be- 
cause it  had  been  deposited  in  the  wainscot 
press  previously  mentioned,  and  "saved 
from  the  mob." 

VI.  A  FRAUDULENT  VERSION  OF  CROMWELL'S 
PRAYER  PRINTED  BY  CARLYLE. 

On  9  June,  1659,  according  to  Thomason 
— two  or  three  weeks  after  the  destruction  of 
Cromwell's  monument — the  following  pam- 
phlet was  published  : — 

"  A  collection  of  several  passages  concerning 
his  late  highnesse,  Oliver  Cromwell,  in  the  time 
of  his  sickness.  Wherein  is  related  many  of  his 
expressions  upon  his  deathbed.  Together  with 
his  prayer  within  two  or  three  dayes  before  his 
death.  Written  by  one  that  was  then  Groom 
of  his  Bedchamber.  Entered  according  to  order. 
London.  Printed  for  Robert  Ibbitson,  dwelling 
in  Smithfield  near  Hosier  Lane  end,  1659." 

Ibbitson  entered  this  tract,  under  this 
title,  in  the  Stationers'  Register  on  7  June — 
a  fact  which  bears  witness  to  the  accuracy 
of  Thomason' s  dates. 

Robert  Ibbitson  was  the  publisher  of 
the  "  newsbooks,"  "  relations,"  and  other 
writings  of  Henry  Walker,  the  ironmonger, 
from  March,  1648,  to  September,  1655,  when 
Cromwell  made  Nedham  sole  journalist. 
The  date  of  the  commencement  of  Walker's 
arrangement  with  Ibbitson,  a  sort  of  partner- 
ship, is  shown  by  Walker's  statement  in 
his  Perfect  Occurrences,  No.  65,  for  24-31 
March,  1648  :— 

"  Reader  !  I  have  now  contracted  with  Robert 
Ibbitson,  from  whom  I  have  assurance  satisfactory 


n  s.  iv.  SEPT.  so,  i9ii.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


263 


for  the  well  printing  of  the  Occurrences  as  I 
collect  them  for  this  present  year  1648.  And  do, 
therefore,  commit  it  to  his  care.  And  I  doe 
protest  against  any  other  that  shall  be  published 
not  to  be  collected  by  me.  Luke  Harruney, 
Cleric,  [sic]." 

After  this,  with  the  exception  of  a  few- 
tracts  by  Walker's  friends,  Ibbitson  then 
published  Walker's  work  only  ;  all  of  which, 
of  course,  was  carried  by  the  "  Mercury 
women  "  in  their  baskets,  and  retailed  by 
them  with  the  newsbooks  ;  for  Ibbitson 
was  a  printer  only,  kept  no  bookshop,  and 
had  no  publishing  business,  as  such.  When, 
therefore,  licensed  newsbooks  were  abolished 
in  1655,  and  Walker  ceased  to  write,  Ibbitson 
ceased  to  publish.  These  statements  can 
easily  be  verified  by  an  inspection  of  the 
documents  credited  to  Ibbitson  in  the 
'  Catalogue  of  the  Thomason  Tracts.'  Their 
internal  evidence,  together  with  the  adver- 
tisements in  Walker'  s  newsbooks,  supplies 
ample  proof  of  the  facts. 

When  the  Rump  restored  the  freedom  of 
the  press  in  May,  1659,  Walker,  as  Crom- 
well's old  journalist,  was  not  permitted  to 
publish  a  newsbook  again  ;  and  Nedham, 
Cromwell's  official  journalist,  was  removed 
from  his  post,  and  the  Anabaptist  John 
Canne  installed  by  Parliament  in  his  stead. 
Henry  Walker,  therefore,  was  the  author  of 
this  pamphlet,  the  first  published  by  Ibbit- 
son since  1655,  and  he  wrote  it,  partly  in 
defence  of  Cromwell,  partly  in  defence  of 
himself  and  his  friends.  Not  only  did 
Walker  attack  the  Rump  in  it  (on  p.  21),  by 
writing  : — 

"  Oh  that  Instruments  fit,  faithful  and  fearing 
God,  should  ever  be  discountenanced  and  disused, 
whom  God  hath  hitherto  owned  and  honoured. 
And  carnal  men,  enemies  to  God's  work,  by  fair 
pretences  like  Tobia  and  Sanballat  creep  in  into 
their  room.  Our  leaf  will  quickly  wither  ;  yea, 
there  will  be  a  withering  every  way  upon  these 
nations,"  &c.  ; 

but  he  also  attacked  his  old  enemies  the 
Quakers  upon  p.  16.  (For  an  account  of 
his  pamphlet  war  with  the  Quakers,  mis- 
described  by  S.  R.  Gardiner,  see  the  present 
writer's  article  on  '  George  Fox  and  Walker 
the  Ironmonger,'  in  The  Friends'  Quarterly 
Examiner  for  October,  1910.) 

In  the  reference  in  the  pamphlet  to  Crom- 
well's son  Robert  (who  died  at  Felsted  in 
1630  at  the  age  of  9)  the  strokes  show 'that 
Walker  shared  the  popular  idea  that  the 
Robert  Cromwell  executed  at  Tyburn  in 
1632  was  this  son  : — 

"  This  Scripture  did  once  save  my  life  when  my 

eldest  son died,  which  went  as  a  dagger  to 

my  heart,  indeed  it  did." 


Hardly  a  passage  in  the  tract  will  bear 
analysis.  It  should  be  compared  with 
Walker's  '  Serious  Observations  lately  made 
touching  his  Majesty  '  in  order  to  see  the 
same  texts  applied  to  Charles  II.  as  he 
applied  to  Cromwell. 

Lingard  was  the  first  historian  to  quote 
this  terribly  impious  panegyric ;  and, 
noticing  that  one  Underwood  is  mentioned! 
in  the  Thurloe  State  Papers  as  Cromwell's 
groom  of  the  chamber,  he  attributed  it  to 
Underwood.  Carlyle,  observing  that  Fox 
the  Quaker  said  that  Charles  Hervey  was 
groom  of  the  chamber,  assigned  it  to  the 
"  pious  Hervey  "  without  any  other  justi- 
fication. Was  Walker  "  then "  a  groom 
of  Cromwell's  bedchamber  ?  Very  probably 
he  was  ;  for  on  23  June,  1658,  John  Storer 
was  appointed  to  Walker's  church  of 
"  Martin's  Vintery "  (George  Hennessy> 
'  Novum  Repertorium,'  &c.,  p.  467).  Evi- 
dently, Walker  had  been  a  failure  at  St.. 
Martin's  Vintry,  as  in  his  other  cures,  and 
Cromwell  must  have  made  provision  for 
one  of  his  favourite  preachers. 

The  "prayer"  is  the  most  untruthful 
part  of  the  tract.  Carlyle  states  that  it  is 
found  in  "many  old  Notebooks."  It  is 
not ;  nor  did  people  in  the  seventeenth 
century  use  notebooks  as  a  rule.  The  placing 
of  its  date  "  two  or  three  days "  before 
Cromwell's  death,  and  therefore  in  the  height 
of  a  great  storm  (in  which,  the  wits  of  the 
day  said,  the  devil  came  for  Cromwell — 
this  is  why  Walker  antedated  the  prayer); 
its  length  ("something  is  here  omitted," 
adds  Walker)  ;  its  carefully  chosen  phrases,, 
unlike  the  utterances  of  a  dying  man,  and 
unbroken  train  of  thought,  render  it  astonish- 
ing that  so  many  distinguished  writers 
should  have  accepted  it. 

The  following  interpolation  in,  the  prayer 
is  clearly  false  : — 

"  I  may,  I  will  come  to  Thee  for  Thy  people. 
Thou  hast  made  me  (though  very  unworthy)  a 
mean  instrument  to  do  them  some  good  and  Thea 
service." 

The  genesis  of  this  is  shown  by  the  follow- 
ing quotations  : — 

"  Whether  or  no  Peter  Sterry,  the  Court  con- 
fessor, when  he  preach' d  in  the  chapel  the  very 
next  day  after  his  highness  died  and  uttered  in 
that  his  sermon  there  words  ;  either  these,  or  to. 
this  effect,  viz.  '  As  certainly  as  I  hold  the  word 
of  God  in  my  left  hand  so  certainly  is  his  late 
highnesse  now  at  the  right  hand  of  God  interceding 
for  the  iniquities  of  this  sinful  nation,'  did  not 
commit  an  high  and  most  horrid  piece  of  blas- 
phemy ?  And  then,  whether  he  does  not  very  well 
deserve  to  be  a  fellow-feeler  of  James  Naylor's- 
sentence  and  to  be  as  coarsely  used  as  he,  who  yet 
continues  at  his  expiatory  task  of  pounding; 


264 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       fiis.iv.  SEPT.  so,  1911. 


hemp  in  the  House  of  Correction." — '  Eighteen 
New  Court  Queries,'  26  May,  1659. 

"  Mr.  Sterry  in  the  chapel  after  his  [Cromwell's; 
death  [said]  '  O  Lord,  Thy  late  servant  here  is 
now  at  Thy  right  hand  interceding  for  the  sins 
of  England.'  "  —Robert  Baillie's  '  Letters  and 
Journals,'  ii.  429 — a  letter  dated  31  January, 
1661. 

Burnet,  in  his  '  History  of  his  own  Times,' 
i.  141,  adds  that 

"  Sterry,  praying  for  Richard,  used  these 
indecent  words,  next  to  blasphemy,  '  Make  him 
the  brightness  of  the  father's  glory  and  the 
express  image  of  his  person.'  " 
A  second  interpolation, 
"  Pardon  such  as  desire  to  trample  upon  the  dust 
of  a  poor  worm  ;  for  they  are  Thy  people  too," 

refers  to  the  destruction  of  the  monument 
by  the  Rump. 

The  order  books  of  the  Council  of  State 
are  lost,  but  the  index  entry  on  28  July, 
"  Mr.  Walker  to  have  liberty,"  shows  that 
Walker  was  imprisoned  until  that  date  for 
his  attack  on  the  Rump  (Calendar  of  State 
Papers,  Domestic). 

Finally,  Walker's  enemy  John  Crouch,  in 
Mercurius  Democritus  No.  7,  for  7-14  June, 
1659,  has  a  scurrilous  attack  upon  Walker 
in  his  pamphlet,  which  begins  : — 

"  A  paper  soul'd  piece  of  mortality  [Walker] 

living  in Row,  not  far  from  Sacrilege  Alley, 

making  more  haste  than  good  SPEED,  was  shot 
in  the  brain  by  Captain  Quart  "  (Butler). 

Then  follows  a  long  description  of  Walker, 
as  Cromwell,  lying  in  state,  too  abominable 
for  citation. 

Some  copies  of  Walker's  pamphlet  have 
a  portrait  of  Cromwell  prefixed,  with  the 
different  title,  '  An  account  of  the  last 
houres  of  the  late  renowned  Oliver ....  Drawn 
up  and  published  by  one  who  was  an  Eye 
and  Ear  witness  of  the  most  part  of  it"'  ; 
but  the  catch-letters,  catch- words,  and 
printer's  faults  in  them  prove  them  to  be 
part  of  the  same  edition. 

In  the  life  of  Cromwell  called  '  The  Perfect 
Politician,'  a  pamphlet  published  in  Febru- 
ary, 1660,  by  the  booksellers  Roybould  and 
Fletcher  (when  Monck  declared  for  a  free 
Parliament),  Walker's  "  prayer  "  is  repeated 
with  slight  verbal  alterations.  The  writer 
of  this  tract  signed  his  initials,  "I.  S.," 
to  the  preface,  and  may  have  been  the  Speed 
alluded  to  in  Crouch's  attack  upon  Walker. 
That  Walker  had  collaborators  in  his 
numerous  literary  frauds  is  evident,  and 
Speed  may  have  helped  him  in  this  last  one  ; 
but  I  believe  this  to  be  the  sole  known 
seventeenth  -  century  copy  of  Walker's 
"prayer."  J.  B.  WILLIAMS. 

(To  be  concluded.} 


The  instructive  articles  of  MB.  J.  B. 
WILLIAMS  remind  me  that  from  1850  up 
to  the  present  time  there  is  hardly  a  volume 
of  '  N.  &  Q.'  which  in  some  way  or  other 
does  not  treat  of  matters  relating  to  Oliver 
Cromwell  or  his  family. 

At  6  S.  ii.  109  reference  is  made  to  the 
second  edition  of  'The  Perfect  Politician,' 
&c.  Beside  me  lies  the  third  edition, 
printed  at  "  The  Three  Bibles,"  in  St. 
Paul's  Churchyard,  in  1681.  In  this  we 
have,  to  a  large  extent,  .what  Sir  Richard 
Baker  wrote  in  his  '  Chronicles  of  the  Kings 
of  England'  (1674,  pp.  651,  658).  With 
respect  to  the  burial,  after  particulars  regard- 
ing the  placing,  dress,  &c.  of  "  the  Effigies," 
he  states  :  "  The  corps  had  been  privately 
inhumed  many  days  before  the  solemnity, 
in  Henry  the  Seventh's  Chapel." 

MB.  WILLIAMS' s  conclusion  that  the  body 
was  never  exposed  to  public  view  is,  so  far 
as  my  reading  goes,  unquestionably  correct. 
ALFRED  CHAS.  JONAS. 


EPITAPHIANA. 

MANCHESTEB  :  ST.  ANN'S  CHUBCHYABD. 
— Many  years  ago,  before  the  extension  of 
the  street  and  passage,  I  copied  a  full  com- 
memorative slab  of  the  noted  John  Shaw  at 
St.  Ann's  Churchyard,  Manchester,  near 
his  old  residence  and  business,  which  may 
be  worth  preservation  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  : — 

Here  lyeth  the  Body  of  John  Shaw  who  died 
Jany  26tu  1796  Aged  80  years  ;  Ann  his  wife 
buried  the  27th  of  March  1752  Aged  34  William 
Son  of  John  Shaw  buried  Janry  the  11th  1739  ; 
also  Elizabeth  his  Daughter  burd  Novbr  the  11th 
&  Mary  his  Dautr  buried  Decbr  the  23li  1748  ; 
Ann  his  Daughter  bur'1  Octr  29th  1750;  Sarah  hi; 
Daughter  biiried  Aprl  the  15(h  1756  ;  John  his 
Son  buried  Janr>  the  23d  1763  ;  James  his  Son 
3uried  Dec  the  14th  1771  ;  Also  Sarah  Daur  of 
James  Shaw  who  died  19th  Sepr  1773  Aged  2  years. 

The  following  inscription  is  from  a  slab 
next  to  the  above.  The  people  may  have 
?een  related  to  the  above  John  Shaw,  of 
Smithy  Door  : — 

Here  lyeth  ye  Body  of  Bernard  Shaw  buried 
Apr1  the  12th  1763  Aged  76  ;  Sarah  hi  <  Wife  burd 
Pebr-v  ye  13th  1740  ;  Sarah  Daughter  of  Bernard 
Shaw,  bur'1  Janr-v  ye  4th  1737  /R  ;  Also  Mary  his 
Daughte-  burd  Novbr  6th  1738  ;  Also  Thomas 
Shaw  died  Septr  21"3  1808  Aged  78  years. 

Another  noted  vault-slab  reads  thus  : — 
Here  lie  interred  the  Remains  (which  through 
Mortality  are  at  present  Corrupt  but  which 
shall  one  day  most  surely  be  raised  against  O/c]  to 
ImmortaMty  and  put  on  Incorruption )  of  Thomas 
Deacon  the  greatest  of  Sinners  and  the  most 
unworthy  of  primitive  Bishops  v  ho  died  the 
16th  February  1753  in  the  56th  year  of  his  Age. 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  3o,i9ii.j        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


265 


And  of  Sarah  his  Wife  who  died  July  4th  1745 
in  the  45th  of  her  Age. 

The  Lord  grant  unto  the  Faithful  here  under 
lying  that  they  may  find  mercy  of  the  Lore 
in  that  day.— [2]  Tim:  1:  18. 

And  of  Richard  Redemptus  their  Son  who  diec 
4th  day  of  June  1737  aged  4  weeks. 

And  of  Elizabeth  Eusebias  their  Daughter  A*  ho 
died  23rd^of  August  175J,  Aged  lu  years  and  a  half 

Also  of  Edward  Erastus  Deacon  M:D:  who 
departed  this  Life  13th  day  of  March  1813  Aged 
72  years. 

And  of  Elizabeth  his  Wife  who  departed  this 
Life  21st  day  of  January  1812  Aged  66  years. 

Here  is  another  slab  near  Mr.  Shaw's, 
representing  early  Manchester  tobacconists  : 

Here  resteth  the  Body  of  William  Worrall  of 
Manchesf  Tobacconist  who  was  buried  April 
ye  3d  1749  in  ye  49th  year  of  his  Age.  Also  Lydia 
his  wife  (&  after  WTife  to  Sam1  Barrow)  bur'1 
Feb'y  the  23d  1772  Aged  70  y«  Also  Samuel 
Barrow  of  Manch  Tobacconist  who  was  buried 
Janr-v  the  27th  1756  Aged  42— 

RB 

WW  Tobnist 

FREDERICK  LAWRENCE  TAVARE. 
Manchester. 


CHESTER  CATHEDRAL. — On  a  tablet  in 
the  south  transept  of  Chester  Cathedral  is 
the  following  : — 

Sacred  to  the  memory  of  John  Paul,  late  of 
the  White  Lion  in  this  City,  who  departed  this 
life  July  10th,  1805,  aged  56.  He  was  a  sincere 
friend  and  an  honest  M*>n.  And  in  his  line  of 
Business  few  superior. 

W.  B.  H. 

AMERICAN  SCURRILOUS  EPITAPHS. — By 
this  term  I  mean  epitaphs  imputing  blame. 
Here  are  two  instances :  one  from  The 
Boston  Traveller,  the  other  from  The  Sussex 
(N.J.)  Register.  The  first  is  from  Milford, 
New  Hampshire  : — 

Caroline  H..  wife  of  Calvin  Cutter,  M.D., 
Murdered  by  the  Baptist  Ministry  of  the  Baptist 
Churches,  as  follows,  Sept.  28th,  1838,  set.  33. 
She  was  accused  of  lying  in  Chrrch  Meeting, 
by  the  Rev.  D.  D.  Pratt  &  Deac.  Albert  Adams- 
was  condemned  by  the  church  unheard.  She  was 
reduced  to  poverty  by  Deac.  William  Wallace. 
When  an  ex  parte  council  was  asked  of  the 
Milford  Baptist  Church,  by  the  advice  of  their 
Committee,  George  Raymond,  Calvin  Averill, 
&  Andrew  Hutchinson — they  voted  not  to  receive 
any  communication  upon  the  subject.  The  Rev. 
Mark  Carpenter  said  he  thought  as  the  good  old 
Deac.  Pearson  said  "  we  have  got  Cutter  down 
and  it  is  best  to  keep  him  [fur?  ]  down."  The 
intentional  and  malicious  destruction  of  her 
character  and  happiness  as  above  described  de- 
stroyed her  life.  Her  last  words  upon  the  subject 
were,  "  Tell  the  truth  and  the  iniquity  will  come 
out." 


The  second  is  from  a  burying-ground  near 
Morristown,  N.J.  : — 

In  memory  of  Charles  H.  Salmon,  who  was 
born  September  10th,  1858.  He  grew,  waxed 
strong,  and  developed  into  a  noble  son  and  loving 
brother.  He  came  to  his  death  on  the  12th  of 
October,  1884,  by  the  hand  of  a  careless  drug 
clerk  and  two  excited  doctors,  at  12  o'clock  at 
night  in  Kansas  City. 

RICHARD  H.  THORNTON. 

36,  Upper  Bedford  Place,  W.C. 

SOMERBY,  LINCOLNSHIRE. — On  the  south 
wall  of  Somerby  Church,  near  Grantham, 
is  the  following,  copied  by  me  in  July  : — 

Here  lyeth  the  body  of  Mrs  lane 

Brownlowe  eldest  davghter 

of  Sr  Richard  Brownlowe 

Baronet  and  of  his  wife  Dame 

Elizabeth  davghter  to  lohn 
Freeke  Esq  of  yorn  Cortney 

in  the  Covnty  of  Dorset 

She  deceased  the  16  yeare  of 

her  1  fe  the  1  of  lune  1670 

She  was  of  a  solid  seiaovs 

temper  of  a  competent  statvre 

And  a  fayre  compleaciton  whose 

Sovle  now  is  perfectly  butyfyed 

With  the  frivtion  [sic]  of  God  in 

Glory  and  whose  body  in  His 

Dew  time  he  will  rais  to 

The  injoyment  of  the  same. 

a  small  slab  beneath  the  above  is 

EPITAPH. 

Here  lyes  a  virgin  whose  clear  conscience  may 
"ompar'd  with  whitest  vellom  trvly  say 
The  spot  lyes  there  who  clens'd  me  wrott  His  name 
So  firm  vpon  me  I  am  still  the  same 
His  whilst  I  liv'd  He  own'd  me  still  I'm  His 
Preserv'd  by  Him  till  I  enjoy  trve  blis. 

J.  FOSTER,  D.C.L. 
Tathwell  Vicarage,  Louth,  Lines. 

WATCHMAKER'S  EPITAPH  AT  L  YD  FORD. — 
The  following  epitaph  to  the  memory  of  a 
ocal  watchmaker  may  be  seen  above  his 

grave  close  to  the  porch  of  St.   Pedrock's 

/hurch,  Lydford,  Devon  : — 

Here  lies  in  horizontal  position  the  outside  case 

George  Routleigh,  Watchmaker,  whose  abilities 

n  that  line  were  an  honour  to  his  profession  :  integ- 

ity  was  his  mainspring,  and  prudence  the  regulator 

if  all  the  actions  of  his  life  :    humane,  generous,  and 

iberal,  his  hand  never  stopped  till  he  had  relieved 

distress  :  so  nicely  regulated  were  all  his  move- 
ments that  he  never  went  wrong,  except  when  set 

i-going  by  people  who  did  not  know  his  key  :  even 
hen  he  was  easily  set  right  again  !  He  had  the  art 
if  disposing  his  time  so  well  that  the  hours  glided 

iway  in  one  continued  round  of  pleasure  and 
lelight,  till  an  unlucky  moment  put  a  period  to  his 
xistence  !  He  departed  this  Life,  November  14, 
802,  aged  57  :  wound  up  in  hopes  of  being  taken  in 
and  by  his  Maker,  and  being  thoroughly  cleaned 
nd  repaired,  and  again  set  going  in  the  world  to 
ome. 

ALAN  STEWART. 


266 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  so,  ion. 


*  INTERLUDIUM  DE  CLEBICO  ET  PUELLA.  ' 
— One  of  the  three  characters  in  this  frag- 
mentary dialogue — which,  notwithstanding 
its  Latin  title,  is  written  in  English  of  about 
the  beginning  of  the  fourteenth  century — is 
called  Home  Helwis  or  Elwis.  This  name 
gives  trouble  to  the  most  recent  editor  of 
the  text,  W.  Heuser,  Anglia,  xxx.  (1907), 
p.  306  ff.  "  Mome  "  means  "  aunt."  In- 
stances of  the  word  in  this  sense  will  be  found 
in  the  '  New  English  Dictionary,'  s.v.  '  Mome.' 
In  his  efforts  to  explain  the  proper  name 
however,  Mr.  Heuser  appears  to  go  un' 
warrantably  far  afield.  He  writes  (p.  319)  :" 

"So  ergibt  sich  eine  merkwiirdige  spur  fiir  den 
ratselhafteu  nanien  '  (H)elwys,'  den  die  kupplerin 
in  dem  interludium  triigt,  in  dem  familienuamen 
Helwys,  auch  geschrieben  Elwes,  Elwaies,  £c.,  der 
im  16.  jahrhundert  ira  osten  Englands  nachweisbar 
ist.  Das  '  Dictionary  of  National  Biography ' 
erwiihnt  einen  Sir  Gervase  Helwys,  sohn  des  John 
Helwys  (starb  1581)  of  Worlaby  in  Lincolnshire, 
vielleicht  eine  zufallige,  aber  immerhin  merk- 
wiirdige iibereinstimmung  mit  dem  fiir  das  inter- 
judium  nachgewiesenen  ursprungsgebiet." 

Is  not  all  this  super-subtle  in  the  highest 
degree  ?  Common  sense  would  seem  to 
make  it  clear  that  Helwys  or  Elwys  is  merely 
a  Middle  English  spelling  of  the  Christian 
name  Eloise  (Heloi'se).  In  the  only  passage 
of  Chaucer  where  the  name  is  used,  according 
to  Prof.  Skeat's  index  ('Wife  of  Bath's 
Prologue,'  1.  677),  it  appears  in  the  very 
similar  form  of  Helowys. 

C.  F.  TUCKER  BROOKE. 
New  Haven,  Conn. 

FITZGERALD  ANECDOTE  :  Two  VERSIONS, 
— In  T.  P.'s  Magazine  for  the  current  month 
is  a  paper  by  Mr.  Morley  Adams  entitled 
'  Some  New  FitzGerald  Stories.'  One  of 
these  stories  relates  how  FitzGerald,  tra- 
velling from  Woodbridge  to  London  with  his 
"  handyman,"  found  it  raining  hard  on 
arrival,  and,  not  having  brought  his  um- 
brella with  him,  sent  his  man  back  to  Wood- 
bridge  for  it,  while  he  himself  stayed  in  the 
waiting-room  until  his  servant's  return. 
There  is  a  prima  facie  improbability  about 
this  story,  as  FitzGerald,  though  enjoying 
a  modest  competence,  was  scarcely  the  man 
to  travel  about  with  a  servant,  nor  would  he, 
I  think,  have  incurred  the  expense  of  a 
return-fare  for  such  a  trifling  purpose. 

Mr.  Adams,  while  pointing  out  that  few 
of  those  who  were  brought  into  fairly  intimate 
relations  with  E.  F.  G.  survive,  adds  that 
there  are  still  living  many  men  and  women 
who  remember  "  the  striking,  if  eccentric, 
form  that  slouched  through  the  narrow 
streets "  of  Woodbridge.  One  of  these  is 


a  friend  of  mine,  who  holds  a  good  position 
in  the  banking  world,  and  who  between 
thirty  and  forty  years  ago  occupied  a  post 
in  the  bank  at  Woodbridge  with  which 
FitzGerald  kept  his  account.  This  gentle- 
man used  to  be  brought  into  frequent  contact 
with  FitzGerald,  whom  he  knew  well,  and 
he  has  told  me  several  stories  of  him. 
Amongst  them  was  the  anecdote  narrated  by 
Mr.  Adams — told,  however,  with  a  difference. 
The  hero  of  it  was  not  Edward,  but  his  elder 
brother  John,  who,  the  younger  always 
said,  was  the  maddest  of  all  the  FitzGeralds. 
John  was  travelling  to  London  with  his 
servant,  and  at  an  intermediate  station 
alighted  for  refreshment,  and  greatly  enjoyed 
some  excellent  sandwiches.  Having  eaten 
as  much  as  he  wanted,  he  handed  the  re- 
mainder to  his  man,  who,  thinking  his  master 
no  longer  required  them,  ate  them  all  up. 
On  arriving  at  the  terminus,  John  Fitz- 
Gerald asked  for  the  sandwiches,  and  was 
astounded  to  hear  that  they  had  all  dis- 
appeared. "Well,  James,"  he  said,  "I 
didn't  mean  you  to  eat  them,  but  as  you 
have  done  so,  and  I  know  I  shall  never  get 
such  good  sandwiches  here,  take  the  next 
train  and  bay  some  more,  and  I  '11  wait 
at  the  station  until  you  come  back."  Which 
was  accordingly  done. 

These  two  versions  of  the  same  story  may 
afford  an  illustration  of  the  transmutation 
and  transmigration  of  folk-tales. 

W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 

GEORGE  II.  AND  THE  PRINCE  or  WALES, 
1721-51  :  BAPTISM  OF  THEIR  CHILDREN. — 
The  parish  registers  of  St.  Anne,  Soho, 
record  the  baptisms  of  three  children  of 
George  Augustus,  Prince  of  Wales,  after- 
wards King  George  II.  : — 

1.  William     Augustus,     bap.      15     April, 
1721. 

2.  Mary,     bom     22    Feb.,     1722/3,    bap. 
24  March. 

3.  Louisa,  bom  7  Dec.,  1724,  bap.  23  Dec. 
The  baptisms  of  five  children  of  his  son, 

Frederick  Lewis,  Prince  of  Wales,  who  died 
at  Leicester  House,  31  March,  1751,  also 
appear  in  the  register  : — 

1.  William   Henry,    born    14  Nov.,    1743, 
bap,  26  Nov. 

2.  Henry  Frederick,  born  22  Oct.,   1745, 
bap.  19  Nov. 

3.  Louisa   Anne,   born   8   March,    1748/9, 
bap.  1  April,  1749. 

4.  Frederick,    born    13    May,    1750,    bap. 
17  June. 

5.  Carolina  Mathilda,  born  11  July,  1751, 
bap.  22  July.  DANIEL  HIPWELL. 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  30,  ion.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


267 


WASPS      FORECASTING      THE      WEATHER. 

In  the  treatise  on  '  British  Social  Wasps,'  by 
Mr.  Ormerod,  M.D.,  the  second  edition  of 
which  appeared  in  1868,  there  is  a  prophecy 
of  a  dry  summer  in  the  immediate  future, 
based  on  the  conduct  of  wasps.  In  many 
parts  of  England  similar  prognostications 
might  have  been  made  in  the  present  year. 
A  gamekeeper  long  ago  told  Mr.  Ormerod 
that  the  height  above  the  water  at  which 
wasps  make  their  nests  is  a  rough  index  to 
the  rain  that  is  expected  to  fall  during  the 
summer.  In  a  rainy  season  they  make  their 
nests  at  the  top  of  a  bank  ;  when,  on  the 
contrary,  it  is  to  be  an  uncommonly  dry 
year,  they  do  their  work  near  the  water- 
level. 

From  what  we  have  heard  elsewhere 
from  other  persons,  it  seems  probable  that 
there  is  much  truth  in  the  above  statement. 

ASTARTE. 

"  IN  SPITE  OF  HIS  TEETH." — The  following 
appears  to  be  a  very  early  illustration  of 
this  common  expression,  if  I  am  right  in  so 
translating  it.  The  passage  occurs  in  a 
Plea  Roll  of  1  Hen.  V.  A  certain  man  had 
been  hung  up  in  a  peculiar  way  to  extort 
from  him  the  whereabouts  of  his  brother, 
whom  it  was  sought  to  kill,  and  the  entry 
concludes  thus  : — 

"  Et  eum  susperisum  detinuerunt  quousque  ipse 
essenciam  predict!  Thome  t'ratris  sui  invitis  ejus 
dentibus  detegebat." 

C.    SWYNNERTON. 

"  SNIPING  "  :  EARLY  INSTANCES. — It  may 
be  of  interest  to  note  that  the  military  phrase 
*'  sniping  "  is  not  of  comparatively  recent 
origin,  as  is  commonly  supposed.  It  occurs 
in  the  military  dispatches  of  the  Nepaul 
War,  1814-16 ;  and  I  have  come  across 
it  three  times  in  a  private  diary  of  the  first 
Mahratta  War,  1803-6.  It  seems  to  be 
used  in  these  instances  as  an  ordinary 
expression,  and  probably  dates  from  a 
more  remote  period. 

H.  BIDDULPH,  Capt.  R.E. 
[An  example  of  its  use  as  early  as  1773  was  cited 
by  Sm  HERBERT  MAXWELL  at  9  S.  xi.  434.    See  also 
"Snipers"  and  "Sniping,"  8  S.  xii.  128,  150,  237, 
438  ;  9  S.  xi.  308.1 

HELLINGS  FAMILY. — In  Hull  there  is  a 
family  of  this  curious  name,  the  father  and 
uncle  of  which  came  from  South  Devonshire 
coast  towns. 

The  Morning  Leader  of  21  February  last 
also  records  the  marriage  on  16  February, 
at  St.  Nicholas's  Church,  Brighton,  of 
"  Stanley  Clifford,  third  son  of  Edward 


Hellings,  of  Oaklands,  Dyke  Avenue, 
Brighton,  to  Norah  Katharine,  third  daugh- 
ter of  the  late  W.  H.  Brigden,  of  Oaklands, 
Hassocks,  and  of  Mrs.  Brigden." 

RONALD  DIXON. 
46,  Maryborough  Avenue,  Hull. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


"  SELFIST." — I  remember  having,  pro- 
bably more  than  forty  years  ago,  read  in 
some  modern  book  a  quotation  from  a 
seventeenth- century  writer,  worded  (as 
nearly  as  I  can  recollect)  as  follows  :  "  The 
divisions  among  mankind  proceed  from  their 
being  all  of  one  sect,  namely,  Selfists."  My 
impression  was  that  the  quotation  occurred 
in  one  of  Archbishop  Trench's  works,  and 
that  the  same  book  contained  the  following 
amusing  example  of  the  odd  interpretations 
to  which  the  expressions  of  old  writers 
are  rendered  liable  by  changes  in  the  lan- 
guage :  "There  is  scarce  any  man  who 
doth  not  sometimes  allow  himself  a  more 
ostentatious  carriage,  a  more  liberal  pro- 
portion of  port,  than  strict  reason  would 
justify."  However,  Trench's  books  have 
been  searched  for  the  passages  in  vain. 
I  should  be  glad  if  any  correspondent  would 
tell  me  in  what  book  they  are  quoted. 

I  should  also  be  grateful  for  any  early 
examples  of  the  word  selfist  ;  the  material 
collected  for  the  Dictionary  contains  only 
one  instance  earlier  than  the  nineteenth 
century  (1649,  from  a  translation  of  Beh- 
men).  The  '  Imperial '  and  '  Century  '  Dic- 
tionaries give  a  reference  to  "  Jer.  Taylor," 
but  this  seems  to  be  miscopied  from  the 
'  Webster  '  of  1864,  which  has  correctly 
"  I.  Taylor  "  (i.e.,  Isaac  Taylor,  '  Nat.  Hist. 
of  Enthusiasm,'  1829). 

HENRY  BRADLEY. 

Oxford. 

MCCLELLAND  OF  NORTH  DAKOTA. — A  John 
McClelland  died  in  North  Dakota  about 
1898  or  1900 ;  his  property  was  divided 
among  relatives  in  England  and  Ireland. 

1.  Did  he  hold  the  rank  of  military  captain 
during  the  American  War  of  the  sixties  ? 
I  have  seen  the  photograph,  and  read  a 
short  account,  of  a  Capt.  John  McClelland 
in  the  number  of  Blue  and  Grey  for  June, 
1895. 


268 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       ui  s.  iv.  SEPT.  30, 1911. 


2.  Can  any  of  the  legatees  of  John 
McClelland  inform  me  of  his  mother's  maiden 
name. 

Please  send  replies  direct. 

BARRY  GASCOYGNE. 
Gromngen,  Holland. 

ROBERT  BRUCE,  EARL  OF  Ross. — King 
Robert  Bruce  is  said  to  have  had  an  ille- 
gitimate son,  also  bearing  the  name  Robert 
Bruce,  who  was  created  Earl  of  Ross.  I 
should  like  to  learn  who  was  his  mother. 
Pennsylvania.  RUNNEMEDE. 

JAMES  ST.  JOHN  or  SOUTH  CAROLINA. — 
James  St.  John  went  to  South  Carolina  in 
1730  with  "  Letters  Patent  from  the  Crown. 
He  was  commissioned  Surveyor-General 
and  Auditor  of  his  Majesty's  Revenue  "  in 
the  (then)  colony  of  South  Carolina.  His 
death  is  recorded  in  Old  St.  Philip's  Church, 
Charleston,  in  1743.  I  should  be  glad  to 
ascertain  the  date  of  his  birth  and  his 
parentage  and  ancestry. 

E.  HAVILAND  HILLMAN,  F.S.G. 
c/o  Anglo-South  American  Bank, 
Old  Broad  Street,  E.C. 

AMERICAN  HISTORICAL  DOCUMENTS. — A 
list  of  about  seventy  documents,  memoirs, 
letters,  and  reports  from  the  year  1540  on- 
wards of  travels  into  the  States  of  Florida, 
Arizona,  &c.,  is  given  in  '  Two  Thousand 
Miles  on  Horseback — Santa  Fe  and  Back,' 
by  J.  F.  Meline  (New  York,  Hurd,  1868), 
Many  of  these  documents  were  then  at  the 
office  of  the  Secretary  of  State  at  Santa  Fe ; 
and  there  were  also  many  valuable  papers 
at  the  office  of  the  Surveyor  -  General,  the 
oldest  bearing  the  date  of  1682.  Have  these 
been  printed  yet  ?  M.  N. 

CEYLON  OFFICIALS,  WRITERS,  &c. I 

should  be  glad  of  information  as  to  the  ante- 
cedents and  careers  of  the  following. 

1.  Capt.  Thomas  Ajax  Anderson,  19th 
Foot.  He  was  in  Ceylon  1798-1816,  and 
wrote  '  The  Wanderer  in  Ceylon  :  a  Poem 
in  Three  Cantos,'  London,  1817.  It  is  in 
the  octosyllabic  verse  of  Scott  and  Byron, 
and  is  of  some  merit.  He  had  already  pub- 
lished, while  on  leave,  '  Poems  written  chiefly 
in  India,'  London,  1809,  one  of  which  is 
'  To  the  Memory  of  Alexander  Anderson. 
M.D.,  late  Superintending  Surgeon  in  Mysore,' 
who  was  probably  a  relative.  He  has  achieved 
the  distinction,  such  as  it  is,  of  being  the 
first  person  to  write  verse  on  the  subject  of 
Ceylon,  its  scenery  and  social  life.  For  this 
reason  he  might  have  been  given  a  short 
notice  in  the  '  D.N.B.,'  but  (with  Major 
Forbes,  who  wrote  an  excellent  book  on  the 


island ;  Lieut. -Col.  James  Campbell,  the 
earliest  writer  on  the  sport  of  the  country  ; 
and  William  Knighton,  its  first  English 
historian)  he  has  been  excluded,  though 
H.  C.  Sirr  receives  notice  (included  under 
that  of  his  father,  it  is  true),  and  his  worth- 
less book  is  said  to  be  "  of  interest." 

2.  John    Angus,    Acting    Deputy    to    the 
Paymaster  for  the  Eastern  Division,  Trin- 
comalee  ;   1802-3,  Sitting  Magistrate,  Pettah, 
Colombo,  and  Lieutenant,  Colombo  Militia, 
1803  ;     left    Ceylon    for    Madras,    15    April, 
1803.     To  which  branch  of  the  Angus  family 
did  he  belong  ? 

3.  J.  H.  Harington,  who  wrote  '  Remarks 
intended  to  have    accompanied  Capt.   Ma- 
hony's   Paper    "  On  Singhala  or    Ceylon  "^ 
(see    '  Asiatic    Researches,'    vol.    vii.    1803, 
pp.  32-56).     Mr.  Harington  was  for  a  short 
time  resident  in  Colombo  in  1797.     In  what 
capacity  ? 

4.  Henry  Bristowe  Onion,  Ordnance  De- 
partment,   Ceylon,     1838-40.     He    died    at 
Colombo,   1  May,   1840.     He  wrote  a  poem 
called    '  The  Minstrel  Wanderer,'    which  he 
published     at     Colombo,     1838,     "2s.     6d. 
stitched."     Has  any  one  seen  a  copy  of  the 
book  ?  PENRY  LEWIS. 

STAFFORD  FAMILY  OF  WOKINGHAM. — 
Is  anything  known  of  William  Stafford  of 
the  Holt,  Wokingham,  who  died  at  his  house 
in  New  Norfolk  Street  on  20  July,  1796  ? 
What  was  the  maiden  name  of  Mary  Alethea 
Stafford,  his  wife  ?  Are  any  of  his  descend- 
ants alive  ?  HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 

SIGNORA  CORRADINI. — Did  an  Italian 
dancer  of  this  name  appear  at  one  of  the 
London  theatres  in  December,  1767  ? 

HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 

'  A  CAXTON  MEMORIAL.' — In  a  volume 
of  bibliographical  pamphlets  which  I  had 
bound  up  a  good  many  years  ago,  I  find 
one  entitled  '  A  Caxton  Memorial,'  con- 
sisting of  extracts  from  the  churchwardens' 
accounts  of  the  parish  of  St.  Margaret,  West- 
minster, illustrating  the  life  and  times  of 
William  Caxton.  This  '  Memorial '  is  re- 
printed, for  private  circulation,  from  The 
Builder  of  7  and  21  August,  1880.  There 
is  no  name  of  author  ;  I  think  it  must 
have  been  written  by  the  late  Mr.  T.  C. 
Noble,  who  gave  me  my  copy.  A  letter  of 
his,  reprinted  from  The  Bookseller,  is  in- 
serted. The  pamphlet  is  full  of  details  of 
the  social  life  of  the  time  of  Caxton,  and 
I  should  like  to  be  sure  as  to  its  authorship. 

W.  ROBERTS. 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  30,  mi.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


269 


MILES  &  EVANS'S  CLUB. — J.  H.  Jesse 
in  '  Selwyn  and  his  Contemporaries  '  quotes 
(p.  27  of  the  1882  edition)  the  following 
passage  from  Wilberforce's  diary  : — 

';  I  belonged  at  that  time  to  five  clubs  :  Miles  & 
Evans',  Brooks',  Boodle's,  White's,  and  Goose- 
tree's." 

Wilberforce  was  referring  to  the  period  when 
first  he  came  to  London,  i.e.,  about  1780-81. 
The  four  clubs  last  mentioned  are,  of  course, 
well  known  ;  but  can  any  one  tell  me  any- 
thing further  about  Miles  &  Evans  ?  They 
appear  from  the  rate-books  to  have  occupied, 
from  1785,  69-70,  St.  James's  Street,  the 
house  now  occupied  by  Arthur's  Club. 

J.  R.  F.  G. 

SCISSORS  :  "  PILE  "  SIDE. — When  a  pair 
of  scissors  lies  on  the  table  the  "  mark  " 
side  is  usually  uppermost,  that  is,  the  side 
with  the  maker's  name  or  mark  on  it.  The 
other  side  is  called  the  "  pile  "  side.  Why  ? 
Is  it  because  of  its  resemblance  to  the 
heraldic  pile  ? 

What  is  the  trade  name  for  the  two  holes 
through  which  the  thumb  and  first  finger  are 
thrust  when  the  pair  of  scissors  is  in  use  ? 

G.  S.  H. 

WATCHMAKERS'  SONS. — Besides  Rousseau 
and  Victor  Cousin,  I  cannot  recall  any  men 
of  mark  in  art,  letters,  or  diplomacy  who 
were  sons  of  watchmakers.  I  believe  the 
late  Lord  Swaythling  was  the  son  of  a 
Liverpool  watchmaker.  There  must  be 
many  others  who  have  distinguished  them- 
selves. Will  some  one  add  to  the  list  ? 

M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 
Percy  House,  South  Hackney. 

ZADIG  OF  BABYLON. — Can  your  readers 
tell  me  where  I  can  learn  anything  about 
Zadig  and  his  method  ?  He  is  said  to  have 
lived  at  Babylon  in  the  days  of  King  Moab- 
dar.  INSHRIACH. 

KNIVETON  FAMILY.—!.  Thomas  Kniveton 
of  Mugginton,  co.  Derby,  m.  (secondly),  1661, 
Anne  Pegge,  by  whom  he  had  three  daugh- 
ters and  two  sons.  To  whom  were  the  said 
daughters  married  ? 

2.  Thomas     Kniveton     (son     of     above), 
b.  1716  ;    d.  1776. — Had  he  not  any  sisters 
married   besides  Anne  ?     She  m.    the   Rev. 
Benj.    Hancock    of    Uphill,    co.    Somerset, 
according  to  Burke's  '  Landed  Gentry.' 

3.  Who    was  Thomas  Kniveton,  c.   1740, 
living      at     Butterton,      near      Newcastle  - 
under  -  Lyme  ?        "  The  said  Mr.   Kniveton 
either    had,  in   his  own  right,    or    else  was 
descendant    of     a     gentleman     at      Derby 


entitled  to,  a  baronetcy,  which  may  be 
found  at  the  Heralds'  Office"  (letter  dated 
1804).  Were  the  last  two  Knivetons  one 
and  the  same  person  ? 

ST.  CLAIR  BADDELEY. 

GRESHAM  FAMILY. — Can  any  correspond- 
ent adduce  proof  of  the  existence  of  any 
relationship  between  the  Greshams  of  the 
Royal  Exchange  and  one  John  Gresham, 
tailor,  of  Gutter  Lane,  a  parishioner  of  the 
parish  of  St.  John  Zachary  from  c.  1591  to 
1616  ?  The  name  is  occasionally  set  down 
as  Grason  or  Grayson,  but  I  think  Gresham 
was  the  correct  form. 

WILLIAM  McMuRRAY. 

St.  Anne  and  St.  Agnes,  Gresham  Street,  E.C. 

TATTERSHALL  :  ELSHAM  :  GRANTHAM. — 
The  Times,  when  printing  the  recent  corre- 
spondence about  Tattershall  Castle,  divided 
the  word  as  Tatters-hall.  In  the  neighbour- 
hood it  is  known  as  Tatter-shal.  Perhaps 
some  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  will  give  us  the 
derivation  and  correct  pronounciation. 

Elsham  and  several  other  places  in  the 
county  fall  in  the  same  category.  It  is 
also  interesting  to  note  that  the  ordinary 
man  of  the  district  speaks  of  Grant-ham, 
whilst  his  educated  superior  says  Gran-tham. 
Who  is  correct  ?  W.  D. 

Lincoln. 

RAPHAEL'S  CARTOONS  :  LE  BLON'S 
COPIES. — Raphael's  Cartoons  at  Hampton 
Court  were  copied  by  James  Christopher  Le 
Blon  about  1729  for  the  purpose  of  being 
reproduced  in  tapestry,  an  enterprise  which 
was  never  carried  out.  The  company  which 
was  formed  got  into  financial  difficulties, 
and  the  copies  in  question  were  sold  to  a 
Mr.  John  Ellis  about  1742.  I  should  be 
glad  to  know  if  they  are  still  in  existence. 
They  were  apparently  full  size,  and  are  said 
to  have  been  not  quite  finished.  Any  m±or' 
mation  bearing  upon  the  subject  would  be 
welcomed.  R-  M.  BTJRCH. 

79A,  Wood  bridge  Road,  Guildford. 

NOEL,  COOK  TO  FREDERICK  THE  GREAT. — 
In  '  Le  Cuisinier  Etranger '  (Paris,  chez 
Delacour,  1813),  by  A.  T.  Raimbault  (pseu- 
donym for  Charles  Cousin  d'Avalon),  I 
find  a  reference  to  M.  Noel,  with  whom 
Frederick  the  Great  ("  qui  etait  un  peu 
gastronome")  had  twenty  minutes'  talk 
every  day  about  the  royal  table  and  what 
was  to  appear  thereon.  Is  anything  known 
of  this  chef,  his  training,  history,  and  gas- 
tronomic works  ?  FRANK  SCHLOESSER. 
Kew. 


270 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       m  s.  iv.  SEPT.  so,  1911. 


LEWIS  LANOE,  son  of  James  Lanoe  of 
Jersey,  was  admitted  a  scholar  of  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge,  in  1701.  I  should  be 
glad  to  obtain  further  information  of  his 
career,  and  the  date  of  his  death. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

PHILIP  LEIGH  was  elected  from  West- 
minster to  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  in 
1620.  Particulars  of  his  parentage  and 
career  are  desired.  .G.  F.  B.  B. 

ROBERT  LODGE  was  elected  from  West- 
minster to  Ch.  Ch.,  Oxford,  in  1659.  His 
name  does  not  appear  in  Foster's  '  Alumni 
Oxonienses.'  Can  any  correspondent  of 
'  N.  &  Q.'  give  me  information  about  him  ? 

G,  F.  R,  B. 

RICHARD  LYNDON,  son  of  Sir  John 
Lyndon,  Kt.,  was  admitted  a  scholar  of 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  in  1694.  Who 
was  his  mother  ?  What  was  his  career  ? 
When  did  he  die  ?  G.  F.  R.  B. 

WILLIAM  THACKER. — Can  any  of  your 
readers  tell  me  when  William  Thacker  died, 
and  anything  about  his  family  ?  In  Pater- 
son's  'Roads,'  1824  and  1831  editions,  I 
find  :  "  Near  Over  Penn,  Wolverhampton, 
at  Michall  Hall,  William  Thacker,  Esq." 

JOHN  W.  THACKERAY. 

Bromley  House  Library,  Nottingham. 

THACKERAY  ON  THE  MARQUIS  DE  SOUBISE'S 
COOK. — Speaking  of  Sterne's  sentimental 
outbursts  over  the  dead  donkey,  Thackeray 
says  ('  English  Humourists  ')  :  "  Like  M.  de 
Soubise's  cook  on  the  campaign,  Sterne 
dresses  it  and  serves  it  up  quite  tender  and 
with  a  very  piquante  sauce."  To  what 
does  this  allude  ?  C.  B.  W. 

POPE'S  DESCRIPTION  OF  SWIFT. — In  the 
'  English  Humourists  '  Thackeray  also  quotes 
Pope  as  saying  of  Swift :  "  His  eyes  are  as 


azure  as  the  heavens,  and  have  a  charming 
archness  in  them."  Can  any  one  give 
me  the  reference  for  this  ?  C.  B.  W. 

FULANI,  A  NIGERIAN  TRIBE. — 

"  By  far  the  most  interesting  people,  to  my  mind, 
are  the  Fulanis.  They  are  supposed  to  have 
originally  come  over  from  Egypt,  hundreds  of  years 
ago  ;  they  certainly  have  the  Egyptian  type  of 'face; 
both  men  and  women  are  very  handsome,  there 
being  no  trace  of  negro  blood  in  them.  They  are  a 
wandering  race  of  farmers,  having  no  towns  but 
continually  moving  about  the  country  with  their 
cattle,  making  a  camp  of  grass  huts  whenever  they 
halt.  Ihey  are  a  very  quiet  and  honest  people,  but 
very  shy,  so  that  it  is  almost  impossible  for  a  white 
man  to  get  a  Fulani  to  talk  to  him." 

The  above  extract  from  the  letter  of  a 
young  officer  in  the  North  Nigerian  Regi- 


ment may  interest  many  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
besides  myself.  I  hope  that  some  one  may 
be  able  to  tell  me  more  about  this  ancient 
tribe.  Who  has  written  anything  about 
them  ?  A.  E.  P.  RAYMUND  DOWLING. 

Oxford  and  Cambridge  Club. 

[The  article  on  the  Fula  in  the  new  edition  of  the 
'  Encyclopaedia  Britannica '  says  that  they  were 
originally  herdsmen  in  the  western  and  central 
Sudan,  and  adds:  "The  question  of  the  ethnic 
affinities  of  the  Fula  has  given  rise  to  an  enormous 
amount  of  speculation,  but  the  most  reasonable 
theory  is  that  they  are  a  mixture  of  Berber  and 
Negro.  This  is  now  the  most  generally  accepted 
theory.  Certainly  there  is  no  reason  to  connect 
them  with  the  ancient  Egyptians."  Among  the 
authorities  cited  at  the  end  of  the  article  is  Sir  F. 
Lugard's  paper  on  '  Northern  Nigeria '  in  The  Geo- 
graphical Journal  for  July,  1904.  ] 

"  GRECIAN  "  IN  1615. — In  the  St.  Columb 
(Cornwall)  parish  accounts  I  find  under 
1615  "  Pd  Wm.  Wills  laid  out  for  the  grecian 
and  the  sercher  for  pirattes,"  the  following 
entry  being  16dL  spent  on  the  beacon. 
What  was  "  the  grecian  "  ?  YGREC. 

EPICURUS  AT  HERCULANEUM. — Can  any 
correspondent  inform  me  what  work  con- 
tains the  most  exhaustive  account  of  the 
fragments  of  Epicurus  discovered  at  Her- 
culaneum  ?  Has  anything  of  importance 
been  published  since  the  '  Hercul.  Voll. 
Collectio  Altera,'  published  at  Naples  in 
1866  ?  VERUS. 

Carlton  Lodge,  Cheltenham. 

HUNYADI  JANOS.  —  The  famous  Hun- 
garian general  Janos  or  John  Hunyady  was 
born  in  1389,  at  the  village  of  Hunyad  in 
Transylvania,  being,  as  is  supposed,  a 
natural  son  of  King  Sigismund  of  Hungary 
and  a  woman  of  humble  birth. 

The  spring  whence  is  obtained  the  bitter 
cathartic  mineral  water,  Hunyadi  Janos, 
is  situated,  it  appears,  in  the  vicinity  of 
Budapest.  Does  Hunyadi  signify  Huns' 
Town,  and  can  the  name  of  the  natural 
water  be  rendered  "  Hungarian  John "  ? 
At  Spa,  Belgium,  one  of  the  mineral  springs 
is  called  Prince  of  Conde,  after  the  French 
general,  I  presume.  Will  some  corre- 
spondent of  '  N.  &  Q.'  explain  how  the 
Hungarian  water  received  its  singular  appel- 
lation ?  N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

PEARE  FAMILY. — Can  any  one  help  me  to 
the  coat  of  arms  of  a  family  named  Peare, 
who  were  living  in  the  Isle  of  Wight  in  the 
seventeenth  century  ?  Richard  Peare  of 
the  Inner  Temple  was  Recorder  of  Romsey 
from  1638  to  about  1650.  F.  H.  S. 


n  s.  iv.  SEPT.  30,  i9ii.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  271 


PEERS    IMMORTALIZED    BY    PUBLIC- 
HOUSES. 

(US.  iv.  228.) 


ALTHOUGH  N.  M. 
references,  I  think 

Inn. 

Bridge  water  Arms 
Brownlow  Arms 
•Clarendon  Arms 
Cowper  Arms     . . 
Dimsdale  Arms 
Duncombe  Arms 
Lytton  Arms     . . 
Salisbury  Crest . . 
Seb  right  Arms  . . 
Strathmore  Arms 
Townshend  Arms 
Verulam  Arms  . . 


would  exclude  territorial 
that  in  these  days,  when 

Locality. 

Little  Gaddesden 
Berkhamstead  . . 
Watford 
Digswell 
Hertford 
Hertford 
Knebworth 
Hatfield 
Hamstead 
St.  Paul's  Walden 
Hertford 
St.  Albans 


There  is  at  Haxey  in  Lincolnshire  a  public- 
house  with  the  sign  of  "  The  Duke  William," 
in  memory  (I  believe)  of  the  hero  (or 
"  Butcher  ")  of  Culloden.  I  have  been  told 
that  there  are  other  inns  with  this  sign  in 
the  North  of  England.  C.  C.  B. 

Surely  there  is  a  "  Lord  Palmerston " 
somewhere  in  London.  COCKNEY. 

[Yes  :  there  are  four  or  five  in  various  dis- 
tricts.] 

At  the  junction  of  High  Street  and  Notting- 
ham Street,  Marylebone,  is  a  licensed 
house  with  the  sign  "  The  Lord  Tyrawley." 
As  this  peer  does  not  make  so  conspicuous 
a  figure  in  history  as  those  mentioned  by 
N.  M.,  it  would  be  interesting  to  learn  his 
claims  to  public-house  "  immortality." 

T.  H.  BARROW. 

[The  inn  is  named  after  Sir  Charles  O'Hara, 
created  in  1706  Baron  Tyrawley  in  the  peerage  of 
Ireland,  or  his  son,  who  succeeded  him  in  the 
title.  Both  were  distinguished  soldiers,  and  the 
campaigns  in  which  they  took  part  are  recorded 
in  the  '  D.N.B.'] 

In  High  Street,  Lewisham,  there  is  a 
"  Duke  of  Cambridge,"  and,  at  a  short 
distance,  a  "  Salisbury  Hotel."  The  latter, 
a  few  years  ago,  displayed  a  portrait  of  the 
late  Marquis  of  Salisbury,  but,  owing  to 
some  local  dispute,  the  sign  was  moved  from 
the  roadway,  and,  I  think,  not  replaced. 
The  house  was  formerly,  I  believe,  "  The 
White  Hart,"  and  so  appears  in  Kelly's 
'  Directory '  for  1855.  The  neighbouring 
house  does  not  there  appear. 


inn  signs  are  rapidly  diminishing  with  the 
extinction  of  licences,  it  may  not  be  amiss 
to  give  a  list  of  those  which  commemorate 
peers  and  local  persons  of  note.  The  follow- 
ing is  a  list  I  have  compileTl  for  Hertford- 
shire : — 

Person. 

Duke  of  Bridgewater 

Earl  Brownlow 

Earl  of  Clarendon 

Earl  Cowper 

Baron  Dimsdale 

T.  Slingsby  Duncombe,  M.P.  for  Hertford 

Lord  Lytton 

Lord  Salisbury 

Sir  Edgar  Sebright 

Earl  Strathmore 

Marquess  Townshend 

Earl  Verulam 

W.  B.  GERISH. 

In  the  same  '  Directory '  there  is  in- 
cluded, in  Dartmouth  Row,  Blackheath,  a 
"  Duke's  Head  " — probably  referring  to 
Wellington.  None  of  these  three  peers  had» 
as  far  as  I  know,  any  connexion  with  the 
district.  F.  D.  WESLEY. 

MAIDA  :  NAKED  BRITISH  SOLDIERS  (US. 
iv.  110,  171,  232). — In  answer  to  his  inquiry 
as  to  the  authority  for  the  story  of  the 
Grenadiers  and  Inniskillings  falling  in  naked 
at  Maida,  I  would  again  refer  the  REV. 
E.  L.  H.  TEW  to  Sir  Henry  Bunbury's 
'  Military  Transactions  in  the  Mediter- 
ranean'  (privately  published  1851),  also 
contained  in  his  '  Narratives  of  the  Great 
War  with  France '  (published  1854),  for 
perhaps  the  best  account  at  first  hand  of 
this  incident.  Bunbury  was  acting  as  both 
Adjutant  and  Quartermaster-General. 

Brigadier-General  Lowry  Cole's  brigade 
consisted  of  the  seven  companies  of  the 
Grenadier  Battalion  and  eight  of  the 
1st  Battalion  27th  (or  Inniskilling)  Regi- 
ment, the  latter  "  the  only  battalion  of  old 
soldiers  "  present  in  the  British  ranks. 

The  action  was  over  by  midday,  and  the 
bulk  of  the  British  force  had  returned  to 
the  beach  for  repose.  I  quote  from  pp.  249 
and  250  later  edition,  or  pp.  62  and  63  of 
the  1851  edition  : — 

"  We  were  amused  by  an  alerte  attended  by 
laughable  circumstances.  A  permission  had  been 
given  that  the  men  of  each  brigade  in  turn  might 
refresh  themselves  by  bathing  in  the  sea,  the  rest 
lying  by  their  arms.  While  the  Grenadiers  and 
Enniskillens  were  in  the  water,  a  Staff  officer 
came  galloping  in  from  the  front,  crying  aloud  that 


272 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  30, 1911. 


the  enemy's  cavalry  were  coining  down  !  In  a 
moment  the  troops  sprang  to  their  arms  and 
formed  ;  and  Cole's  brawny  brigade  rushing  out 
of  the  sea,  and  throwing  their  belts  over  their 
shoulders,  grasped  their  muskets  and  drew  up 
in  line,  without  attempting  to  assume  an  article 
of  clothing.  The  alarm  was  utterly  groundless  ; 
a  great  dust  and  an  imperfect  view  of  a  herd  of 
scampering  buffaloes  had  conjured  up  a  vision  of 
French  Chasseurs  in  this  noodle  of  an  officer,  one 
of  my  assistants." 

C.  HAGGARD. 

The  paragraph  quoted  by  MB.  TEW  is 
from  Mr.  C.  K.  Fletcher's  '  Introductory 
History  of  England,'  iv.  273,  where  6,300 
is  given  as  the  number  of  the  French  there  ; 
but  the  full  account  of  the  battle,  with  plans, 
by  Prof.  Oman,  in  the  Journal  of  the  Royal 
Artillery  for  March,  1908,  shows  from 
French  sources  that  the  field  state  was 
6,440  (p.  564),  and  on  the  preceding  page 
that  of  the  English  is  given. 

The  incident  happened  after  the  battle, 
when  the  English  commander  had  gone 
aboard  Sir  Sidney  Smith's  flagship,  and  is 
described  in  Sir  Henry  Bunbury's  '  Narrative 
of  some  Passages  in  the  Great  War  with 
France,  1799  to  1810,'  pp.  249-50.  Sir 
Henry  was  Quartermaster-General  to  Sir 
James  Craig,  who  commanded  the  English 
forces. 

It  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  since  that 
time  the  old  numbers  of  regiments  have  been 
altered,  while  some  have  disappeared  from 
the  Army  List.  From  the  English  field  state 
above  alluded  to,  it  appears  that  "Cole's 
brawny  brigade "  consisted  of  six  com- 
panies (including  the  Grenadier  companies) 
of  the  20th,  now  the  East  Devon  Regi- 
ment, which  bears  "  Maida "  on  the 
colours,  and  the  27th,  the  Inniskillings 
(not  the  6th  Dragoon  Guards,  who  also 
bear  "  Maida  "  011  the  colours).  The  36th 
(Hereford  Regiment)  is  now  linked  with  the 
29th  Regiment  ;  the  81st  (Lincoln  Regi- 
ment) is  now  the  second  battalion  of  the 
47th  Lancashire,  and  also  bears  the  name 
of  the  battle  on  the  colours,  as  does  De 
Watteville's.  A.  RHODES. 

This  battle  being  fought  on  the  4th  of 
July,  1806,  the  weather  was  very  hot,  and 
after  the  engagement  each  of  the  brigades 
received  permission  to  bathe  in  the  sea.  An 
alarm  being  raised  that  the  French  cavalry 
was  approaching,  the  Grenadiers  and  the 
27th  Regiment  at  once  rushed  out  of  the 
water,  seized  their  belts  and  muskets,  and 
fell  into  line  "  ready  to  fight  and  give  a 
good  account  of  themselves  without  a 


shred  of  clothing."  See  Fortescue's  '  History 
of  the  British  Army,'  Book  XIII.  chap.  xi. 
p.  351  (Macmillan  &  Co.,  1910). 

T.  F.  D. 

THIRTEENTH  (US.  iv.  167,  213,  238).— 
This  was  one  of  the  feudal  aids  or  tallages 
levied,  like  scutage  and  carucage,  on  special 
occasions  by  the  Norman  and  Plantagenet 
kings,  but  on  the  inhabitants  of  towns  and 
royal  demesnes  only.  The  first  imposition 
on  movables  was  made  in  1188  on  the  occa- 
sion of  the  Saladin  tithe.  Tallages  varied 
at  different  times  in  the  proportion  of  assess- 
ment, the  two  most  common  rates  being  the 
tenth  and  the  fifteenth  ;  but  I  have  found 
the  following  assessments  'also  mentioned  : 
a  fourth,  fifth,  sixth,  seventh,  eighth, 
twelfth,  thirteenth,  fourteenth,  fifteenth, 
sixteenth,  eighteenth,  twentieth,  twenty- 
fifth,  thirtieth,  and  fortieth. 

Stubbs  in  his  '  Constitutional  History,' 
vol.  i.  p.  586,  refers  to  this  particular  tax  : — 

"  The  assessment  of  the  thirteenth  in  A.D. 
1207  was,  however,  not  made  by  juries,  but  by 
the  oath  of  the  individual  payer  taken  before  the 
justices  ;  the  contribution  of  the  clergy  being  a 
matter  of  special  arrangement  made  by  the  arch- 
deacons." 

N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

PER  CENTUM:  ITS  SYMBOL  (11  S.  iv. 
168,  238). — MR.  SHEPHERD'S  explanation  of 
the  symbol  %  seems  a  little  wide  of  the 
mark.  It  surely  represents  the  space  for 
fractions  of  a  pound,  whether  expressed  in 
shillings  and  pence  or  in  fractions.  Thus 
5  %  per  cent  stands  for  51.  per  100Z.,  and 
5 1  per  cent  for  51.  15s.  per  100Z.  Nobody 
would  think  of  writing  5|  %  per  cent. 

HERBERT  MAXWELL. 

CORNISH     GENEALOGY     AND     THE     CIVIL 
WAR  (US.  iv.  228).— The  following  list  is 
taken  from  "  A  True  Relation  of  the  Pro- 
ceedings  of   the   Cornish  Forces   under   the 
command    of    the    Lord    Mohune    and    Sir 
Ralph  Hopton,  &c.     London.       Printed   for 
Philip    Smith"     (19    May),     1643.     I    have 
preserved  the  eccentric  spelling. 
A  List  of  His  Majestie's  Commanders  in  chiefe, 
also  the  names  of  the  Colonells,  Lieutenant- 
Colonell's,     Serjeant-Majors     and     Captaines 
of  his  Majestie's  forces  in  Cornwall. 

Lord  Mohune,  L.  Generall. 

Sir  Ralph  Hopton,  Lieutenant  Generall. 

Colon  ell  Ashburnham,  Serjeant-Major-Generall. 

Sir  Nicholas  Slanning,  Colonell  of  one  foot 
regiment. 

Sir  John  Berkeley,  Lieutenant  Colonell.  Ser- 
jeant-Major Mannington.  Captains,  Weeks, 
Cooke,  Foster,  Rich,  Smallacombe,  Rous,  Piper 
and  Poulson. 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  so,  1911.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


273 


M.  Basset,  Colonell  of  a  Foot  regiment. 

M.  Alexander,  Lieutenant  Colonell.  M. 
Burton,  Serjeant-Major.  Captains,  Butler,  Win- 
ter, Fisher,  Rose,  Frier,  Reynolds  and  Ware. 

Sir  Bevill  Greenvile,  Colonell  of  one  foot  regi- 
ment. 

Sir  Peter  Courtney,  Lieutenant  Colonell.  M. 
Dercy,  Serjeant-Major.  Captains,  Piper,  Estcot, 
Ford,  Porter,  Smith,  Watts  and  Penvawne. 

M.  Trevanion,  the  yonger,  Colonell. 

M.  Edgecombe,  Lieutenant  Colonell.  M.  Carey, 
Serjeant  -  Major.  Captains,  Wise,  Smithcot, 
Hollyard,  Bates,  Stokes  and  Newton. 

L.  Mohune,  Colonell  of  one  foot  regiment. 

Sir  William  Courtney,  Lieutenant  Colonell. 
M.  Parrey,  Serjeant-Major.  Captains,  Lambert, 
Grlyn,  Saul,  WTilliams,  Mannington  and  Cory. 

M,  Kadolphin,  Colonell  of  a  regiment. 

Sir  Thomas  [blank],  Lieutenant  Colonell.  M. 
Peters,  Serjeant-Major.  Captains,  Hill,  Mount- 
forke,  Silver,  Wooton,  Willis  and  Upton. 

M.  Trevanion,  Colonell  of  one  foot  regiment. 

M.  Arundell,  Lieutenant  Colonell.  M.  ;Tre- 
lawny,  Serjeant-Major.  Captains,  Grosse,  Bur- 
lacy,  Haswarfe,  Boskoyne,  Ballard  and  Frost. 

M.  Crue,  Provost  Martiall. 

M.  Fuller,  Secretary  of  the  Army. 

M.  Weekley,  Captaine  of  the  carriages. 

M.  Cory,  Quarter-Master. 

"  Captain-Reformadoes,"  &c.,  of  Devon, 
Somerset,  and  Dorset  mentioned  are 

"  the  Sheriff  of  Devon,  Colonell  Thomas  Fulford 
of  Fulford,  Ackland  of  Ackland  Esquire,  Gifford 
of  Brightley  and  Huish  Esquires,  Yeoman  of 
Upton  Esquire,  Archdeacon  Cotton,  one  of  the 
prebends  of  Exceter,  the  clergie  men  of  all  parts 
in  abundance." 

J.  B.  WILLIAMS. 


Possibly  MR.  SHEARME  may  find  some 
information  in  '  A  Survey  of  Englands 
Champions,'  by  Josiah  Ricraft,  1647.  I 
am  referring  to  the  reprint,  which  has  a 
second  title-page,  "The  Civill  Warres  of 
England  briefly  related ....  from  Anno. 

1641 to  Anno.  1648.  Collected  by  John 

Leycester,"  1649.  (See  W.  Carew  Hazlitt's 
'  Hand-Book  to  the  Popular,  Poetical,  and 
Dramatic  Literature  of  Great  Britain,' 
1867,  s.v.  Leycester  and  Ricraft,  where  the 
date  1647  is  attributed  to  both  titles.) 

On  pp.  155.  .66  is 

"  A  Catalogue  of  the  Earles,  Lords,  Knights, 
Generalls,  Colonels,  Lieutenant-Colonels,  Majors, 
Captaines,  and  Gentlemen  of  worth  and  quality 
slain  on  the  Parliament  and  Kings  side,  since  the 
beginning  of  our  uncivil  civil  Warrs  ;  With  the 
number  of  Common  Souldiers  slain  on  both  sides  : 
As  also  a  List  of  those  that  have  fled  out  of  the 
Kingdome." 

On  p.  157,  in  the  list  of  those  "  Slain  on 
the  Kings  side,"  I  find  "  Sir  Bevil  Greenvil 
son  to  the  Marquesse  of  Hartford  slain  neer 
Marsh-field." 


On  p.  166  Sir  Rich.  Greenvil  is  among 
"  those  that  have  fled  out  of  the  Kingdom." 

It  may  be  that  in  the  catalogue,  which 
does  not  pretend  to  be  complete  (see  p.  166), 
are  the  names  of  some  Cornwall  men  of  less 
importance  than  the  two  Greenvils. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

DR.  PRICE  THE  DRUID  (US.  iv.  230).— 
The  following  fragmentary  notes  are  from 
recollection  of  having  met  Dr.  Price  on  a 
couple  of  occasions  at  Pontypridd  and 
had  some  correspondence  with  him.  I  can- 
not fix  the  date  of  his  death,  but  think  it 
must  have  been  in  the  early  nineties. 

Dr.  Price  claimed  to  be  the  last  of  the 
true  Druids,  devoted  himself  to  helping 
the  poor  and  infirm,  restored  the  large 
serpent-mound  on  the  hill  near  Pontypridd, 
and  carried  out  many  Druidic  rites,  including 
sacrifices.  On  ceremonial  occasions  he  wore 
priestly  garments,  but  at  other  times  his 
more  obvious  articles  of  attire  were  a  long 
rough  homespun  cloak,  and  a  cap  of  fox- 
skin  with  the  tail  hanging  down  his  back. 
He  was  greatly  persecuted  at  times  by  the 
rougher  element  in  the  valleys,  and  during 
some  of  his  mystic  rites  was  pelted  with 
stones  and  large  sods  of  turf.  Kindness  to 
animals  was  one  of  his  strong  points,  and 
when  the  railwaymen  refused  to  allow  his 
dog  to  travel  in  a  carriage,  the  doctor  in- 
sisted on  going  in  the  guard's  van  with  the 
dog. 

A  son,  borne  to  the  doctor  by  his  house- 
keeper, was  announced  as  Jesus  Christ,  and 
was  the  subject  of  a  couple  of  lithographed 
charts,  filled  with  astrological  signs,  Druidic 
symbols,  and  other  matters.  At  least,  these 
charts  were  said  to  refer  to  the  son  in  question. 
I  am  not  sufficiently  versed  in  the  Welsh 
tongue  and  the  symbolism  to  know  whether 
it  really  was  so,  or  whether  the  meaning  was 
entirely  ideal. 

At  the  death  of  Dr.  Price  there  was  much 
opposition  to  the  disposal  of  his  remains  in 
accordance  with  his  will,  by  cremation  in  a 
great  box  of  perforated  iron  surrounded  by 
a  huge  bonfire.  Eventually  the  rite  was 
carried  out  as  directed,  and  after  the  fire 
had  burnt  out  and  the  iron  box  become  cold, 
surprise  was  expressed  that  only  a  few  tiny 
ashes  remained  in  the  box. 

Dr.  Price  seemed  to  be  a  very  sincere 
nthusiast,  with  a  large  knowledge  of  the 
ancient  lore  that  he  loved.  Probably  he 
was  misguided  in  some  things  :  certainly 
tie  was  misunderstood,  misrepresented,  and 
persecuted.  H.  SNOWDEN  WARD. 

Authors'  Club. 


274 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  so,  1911. 


Forty  years  or  more  ago  I  knew  Dr. 
Price.  In  this  world  we  all  have  our  little 
peculiarities ;  in  some  they  are  more 
strongly  accentuated  than  in  others  ;  when 
they  are  not  our  own,  we  considerately  term 
them  eccentricities.  A  man  whom  I  think 
I  may  safely  term  eccentric  was  Dr.  Price. 
When  I  knew  him,  he  was  a  handsome  old 
man  of  about  70  years  of  age,  with  clean- 
•cut  features  and  a  long  flowing  white  beard. 
He  claimed  to  be  a  lineal  descendant  of  some 
ancient  Druid  ;  but  his  eccentricity  did  not 
stop  at  this  ;  he  actually  ventured  to  play 
the  Druid,  and  in  a  costume  which,  to  say  the 
least,  was  attractive,  if  not  startling.  It 
consisted  of  trousers  of  a  vividly  green 
-cloth,  with  a  jacket  to  match,  the  latter 
being  ornamented  with  scollops  or  van- 
dykes,  edged  with  red.  His  head  was  covered 
by  a  huge  fur  cap  made  from  the  head  of  a 
wolf,  to  which  was  attached  a  portion  of  the 
•skin  and  the  animal's  tail,  which  hung 
down  his  back.  To  see  him  parading  the 
streets  of  London  in  this  attire  afforded  no 
little  wonder  to  the  crowd  of  small  boys 
usually  found  following  in  his  wake. 

Price  was,  I  remember,  tried  for  unlaw- 
fully burning  (with  Druidical  ceremonies  ?) 
the  dead  body  of  his  infant  child  upon  the 
top  of  some  Welsh  mountain.  The  late  Mr. 
Justice  Stephen,  who  tried  the  case,  held, 
however,  that  the  burning  of  a  dead  body 
was  not  in  itself  unlawful,  and  so  the  doctor 
was  acquitted,  and  cremation  received  an 
impetus  from  the  judge's  decision. 

T.  W.  TEMPANY. 
Richmond,  Surrey. 

T  remember  this  eccentric  man  thirty 
years  ago  at  Eisteddfoddau  in  Wales  to 
which  I  used  to  go  as  musical  adjudicator. 
He  wore  the  skins  of  animals,  was  looked 
upon  as  a  crank,  and  was  followed  in  the 
streets  by  a  rabble  of  boys.  Probably  Sir 
Vincent  Evans,  Secretary  of  the  Cymm- 
rodorion  Society,  Chancery  Lane,  W.C., 
knows  his  story,  and  can  tell  your  corre- 
spondent if  he  really  had  any  message  to  his 
time-  J.  SPENCER  CTJRWEN. 

If  E.  H.  C.  will  consult  the  files  of  the  Car- 
diff newspapers  (Western  Mail  and  South 
Wales  Daily  News)  for  the  years  1883-4, 
he  will  find  in  them  a  great  deal  of  contem- 
porary information  about  Dr.  Price.  He  was 
at  that  time  an  old  man,  but  his  doings 
excited  much  popular  interest.  I  never 
heard  that  he  had  any  disciples,  and  it  is 
not  at  all  likely  that  his  "  movement " 
skived  him.  A.  MORLEY  DAVIES. 

YVmchmore  Hill,  Amersham. 


Dr.     William     Price     died     23     January, 
1893.     A  good  account  of  him,  with  many 
references,    will    be    found    in    the    second 
volume  of  Boase's    '  Modern  Biography.' 
WILLIAM  E.  A.  AXON. 

Manchester. 

HIGHGATE  ARCHWAY  (11  S.  iv.  206,  257). 
— I  venture  to  think  that  the  language  used 
by  the  reporter  has  misled  MB.  CECIL 
CLARKE  in  his  belief  that  the  paragraph  he 
quotes  from  The  Observer  of  1811  refers  to  the 
laying  of  the  foundation  stone  of  the  actual 
Archway  which  was  demolished  in  1898. 
The  date  of  the  paper,  18  August,  1811, 
proves  this  :  for  a  brass  plate  which  was 
fixed  on  the  Archway,  as  the  present  genera- 
tion knew  it,  bore  an  inscription  to  the  effect 
that  the  foundation  stone  was  laid  by  Edward 
Smith,  Esq.,  on  the  31st  day  of  October, 
1812.  The  discrepancy  is  easily  accounted 
for  by  a  reference  to  the  history  of  the  under- 
taking. 

Mr.  Robert  Vazie  was  the  engineer  to 
the  Highgate  Archway  Company,  and  his 
original  proposal,  which  was  accepted 
(though  condemned  from  the  first  by  Rennie), 
was  to  carry  the  road  through  a  long  tunnel 
under  the  hill ;  and  probably  the  festivities 
alluded  to  were  to  celebrate  the  commence- 
ment of  the  operations  for  carrying  this  into 
effect.  On  15  April,  1812,  however,  when 
about  half  finished,  the  entire  works  col- 
lapsed, and  the  tunnel  was  completely 
filled  with  earth.  That  scheme  was  there- 
upon abandoned  and  a  new  one  adopted, 
which  resulted  in  the  present  Archway  Road, 
with  the  Archway,  the  foundation  stone 
of  which  was  laid  in  that  year,  over  it. 

The  tunnel  scheme  was  always  unpopular, 
and  the  accident  caused  a  great  sensation 
in  London.  It  was  even  represented  on  the 
stage  in  a  play  called  '  The  Highgate  Tunnel  ; 
or,  The  Secret  Arch.'  Some  wag  also  pro- 
duced a  satirical  prospectus  for  removing 
Highgate  Hill  entirely,  with  the  houses  upon 
it.  It  ran  as  follows  : — 

''  The  Highgate  Archway  having  fallen  in, 
it  is  intended  to  remove  the  whole  of  the  hill 
entire,  with  the  houses,  gardens,  fields,  roads,  and 
footpaths,  by  a  mechanical  slide,  .constructed 
so  as  to  remove  the  whole,  including  the  chapel 
and  burial  ground.  It  is  intended  to  remove 
the  hill  into  the  vale  behind  Caen  Wood,  where 
the  seven  ponds  now  are,  thereby  forming  a 
junction  with  Hampstead  and  inviting  the  ap- 
proach of  the  two  hamlets  in  a  more  social  manner. 
On  the  spot  wrhere  Highgate  now  stands  it  is  in- 
tended to  form  a  large  lake  of  salt  water  of  two 
miles  over  or  thereabouts,  beginning  at  the 
north  end  of  Kentish  Town,  and  reaching  to  the 
spot  where  '  The  White  Lion  '  at  Finchley  now 
stands." 


ais.  iv.  SEPT.  30, 191 1.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


275 


'The  prospectus  went  on  to 
the  said  lake  was 


TV 


^present  that    been  one  of  the  many  victims  of  that  in- 
satiable barathrum  of  the  drama,  the  oven  of 


"  to  be  supplied  with  sea  water  from  the  Essex 
coast  by  means  of  earthenware  pipes,  iron  pipes 
being  injurious  to  sprats  ;  to  stock  the  lake  with 
all  kinds  of  sea  fish  except  sharks,  there  being 
plenty  of  land  sharks  to  be  had  in  the  neighbour- 
hood, so  as  to  supply  the  metropolis  with  live 
sea-water  fish  at  reduced  prices,  and  to  have  one 
hundred  bathing  machines  to  accommodate  the 
metropolis  with  sea  bathing." 

Further,  it  was  intended 

"  to  erect  a  large  building  in  the  centre  of  the 
wood,  called  Coal  Pellwood,  on  the  north  side 
of  the  intended  lake,  which  building  was  to 
be  used  for  insane  surveyors  and  attorneys 
who  have  lately  infested  the  neighbourhood  of 
Highgate,  to  the  annoyance  of  the  ordinarv 


inhabitants. 


ALAN  STEWART. 


LONDON  DIRECTORIES  OF  THE  EIGH- 
TEENTH CENTURY  (11  S.  iv.  168,  234). — The 
most  obvious  and  most  accessible  of  all 
libraries  for  this  purpose  is  that  of  the 
Corporation  of  London  at  Guildhall.  Here 
will  be  found  a  well-nigh  complete  series  of 
London  Directories  and  of  similar  publica- 
tions which  preceded  the  London  Direc- 
tory as  we  now  know  it,  the  present  chief 
Librarian,  Mr.  Kettle,  having  devoted  special 
attention  to  the  completion,  so  far  as  pos- 
sible, of  the  admirable  series  got  together 
by  his  predecessors  in  office. 

GEORGE  POTTER. 

10,  Priestwood  Mansions,  Highgate,  N. 

WASHINGTON  IRVING' s  *  SKETCH-BOOK  ' 
(11  S.  iv.  109,  129,  148,  156,  196,  217).— 
No.  10  (Jeremy  Taylor),  "  There  is  a  grave 
digged,"  &c.,  is  taken  from  the  Funeral 
Sermon  on  the  Countess  of  Carbery,  under 
one-fifth  through,  vol.  viii.  p.  433  in  Eden's 
edition  of  Taylor's  works. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

Aberystwyth. 

ELIZABETHAN  PLAYS  IN  MANUSCRIPT  (11  S. 
iv.  205). — Sir  Edward  Sullivan's  assertion 
that  "  not  one  original  MS.  of  even  a  single 
play  [produced  between  1572  and  1642] 
has  survived  "  is  not  strictly  accurate,  for 
in  the  British  Museum — among  the  "  Auto- 
graph Literary  Works,  &c.,"  CaseX — there  is 
"  the  unique  autograph  MS.  of  Philip  Massinger's 

4ma  nrorJ-ir       '   T^^IT^-IT,^       ^^       ~\7"^,-.       T  i~-i-    >        _  i_         «j  A       T 


the  pie-eating  Somerset  Herald  ;  and  that 
one  copy  did  perish  there  can  be  very  little 
doubt.  Colley  Gibber,  however,  had  men- 
tioned his  having  seen  a  transcript  of  it, 
with  the  stage  directions  inserted  in  the 
margin  ;  and  in  the  year  1844,  "  concealed 
in  a  vast  mass  of  rubbish,"  this  very  tran- 
script turned  up  once  more.  The  discoverer, 
Mr.  Beltz,  made  a  present  of  it  to  the  public 
through  the  long  defunct  Percy  Society. 

A  play  by  Massiriger,  the  name  of  which 
does  not  appear,  Sir  Henry  Herbert  on 
11  January,  1630/31,  refused  to  license, 
because  it  contained  dangerous  matter,  as 
the  deposing  of  Sebastian,  King  of  Portugal, 
by  Philip  II.,  and  there  being  a  peace  sworn 
betwixt  the  Kings  of  England  and  Spain. 
There  is  little  doubt  (vide  '  Ency.  Brit.,' 
vol.  xvii.)  that  this  was  the  same  piece  as 
'  Believe  as  You  List,'  in  which  time  and 
place  are  changed,  Antiochus  being  substi- 
tuted for  Sebastian,  and  Rome  for  Spain.  In 
the  prologue  Massinger  ironically  apolo- 
gizes for  his  ignorance  of  history,  and  pro- 
fesses that  his  accuracy  is  at  fault  if  his 
picture  comes  near  "  a  late  and  sad  example." 
The  obvious  "  late  and  sad  example  "  of  a 
wandering  prince  could  be  no  other  than 
Charles  I.'s  brother-in-law,  the  Elector 
Palatine.  The  source  of  Massinger's  play 
seems  to  have  been  '  The  True  History  of  the 
Late  and  Lamentable  Adventures  of  Don 
Sebastian,  King  of  Portugal,  after  his  Im- 
prisonment in  Spain  until  the  Present  Day,' 


London,  1602. 


TOM   JONES. 


In  the  MS.  Department  of  the  British 
Museum  is  an  ancient  Latin  MS.  play  of 
'  John  the  Baptist,'  by  Nicholas  Grimaldi, 
M.A.,  the  Elizabethan  poet,  and  editor  of 
Tottel's  '  Miscellany.'  It  is  bound,  and 
labelled  "  Nicolai  Grimoaldi  Archipropheta 
Tragcedia.  Mus.  Brit.  Bible.  Reg.  12.  A. 
xlvi.,"  and  in  1757  belonged  to  George  II. 
The  press-mark  is  :  466, 
p.  198.  This  play  of  ^  ^ 

was  printed  at  Cologne  in  1548.  There  is  no 
date  to  the  MS.,  but  it  is  evidently  of  the 
sixteenth  century,  and  a  careful  examination 
of  it  led  me  to  conclude  it  was  a  holograph 


i.    12.   A.    xlvi., 
Archipropheta  ' 


tragedy    '  Believe    as    You    List,'    as    submitted  i  copy  by  the  author.     The  paper  contains 
for  approval  to  Sir  H.   Herbert,   Master  of  the    ^ «VL.Trmrk.    t.hft   same   as   is    on   an   origin 


Revels,  and  bearing  his  licence,  dated  6  May, 
1631.  This  is  the  only  known  autograph  work  of 
any  eminent  dramatist  of  the  Elizabethan  period, 
except  the  Masques  of  Ben  Jonson.  The  stage 
directions,  &c.,  have  been  added  by  other  hands." 
In  Lieut. -Col.  Cunningham's  edition  it  is 
observed  that  this  MS.  was  believed  to  have 


watermark,  the  same  as  is  on  an  original 
letter  by  Nicholas  Grimaldi  to  Cecil,  1549, 
also  in  the  Museum. 

The  best  printed  notice  of  this  poet  is 
by  Sir  Sidney  Lee  in  the  '  Dictionary  of 
National  Biography,'  though  he  does  not 
mention  the  letter.  A  translation  of  the 


276 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  ao,  wn. 


'  Archipropheta '  was  privately  printed  in 
1906,  and  is,  I  believe,  in  the  British  Museum, 
Cambridge,  and  other  libraries.  There  are 
various  small  differences  between  the  MS. 
and  the  printed  copy,  and  the  Dedication  is 
dated  from  Exeter  College,  instead  of  Christ 
Church.  D.  J- 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED   (11  S. 
iv.  189).— 
All  Heaven  and  Earth  are  still,   though    not  in 

sleep, 
But  breathless,  as  we  grow  when  feeling  most. 

Childe 


These    lines    are    from    Byron' 
Harold,'  Canto  III.  stanza  89. 

LIONEL    SCHANK. 

'  GUESSES  AT  TRUTH  '  :  CONTRIBUTORS 
(11  S.  iv.  229). — In  the  memoir  (signed 
E.  H.  P.)  prefixed  to  Macmillan's  1867 
edition  of  this  work  we  are  told  that  in  the 
first  edition  the  '  Guesses  '  contributed  by 
Augustus  Hare,  which  were  considered  by 
his  brother  "  as  the  main  substance  of  the 
book,"  were  left  without  any  special  sign 
of  authorship.  The  contributions  of  Julius 
were  indicated  by  the  initial  U,  those  of  his 
brothers  Francis  and  Marcus  by  R  and  A 
respectively  ;  and  there  were  a  few  others, 
admitted  then  or  afterwards,  which  were 
marked  in  like  manner  with  the  second 
letter  of  the  names,  Christian  or  surname, 
of  the  contributors.  These,  says  E.  H.  P., 
"  belonging  as  they  do  to  persons  whose 
names  are  not  otherwise  memorable,  it 
seems  hardly  necessary  to  identify." 

C.  C.  B. 

UNIACKE  FAMILY  (US.  iv.   188).— There 
is  a  story  in  the  Uniacke  family  that  James 
Uniacke,  the  first  owner  of  Mount  Uniacke,  co 
Cork,  was  present  at  the  battle  of  the  Boyne 
and,   when  King  William's  horse  was  shoi 
under  him,  gave  his  horse  to  the  King,  who 
drew  a  pistol  from  his  holster  and  handed 
it  to  Uniacke,  saying  he  was  a  faithful  anc 
brave  man.     Since  that  time  the  descendants 
of  James  Uniacke  have  taken  for  their  crest 
a   dexter   arm  in  armour   holding   a  pistol, 
with  the  motto  "  Faithful  and  brave."     The 
family  crest  previous  to  this  appears  to  have 
been    a   dexter    arm   gauntleted,    holding    a 
hawk's  lure  with  the  motto   "Unicus  est." 

James  Uniacke  after  the  Boyne  was  given 
a  commission  in  the  regular  army.  The 
original  commission,  that  of  cornet  in  Col. 
Henry  Conyngham's  Regiment  of  Irish 
Dragoons,  dated  16  March,  1693,  is  in  the 
possession  of  Mr.  Lambert  Uniacke,  Monks- 


GRAY'S  SONNET 
RICHARD  WEST  '  : 
229).— 

To  warm  their  little  loves  the  birds  complain. 
This  line  occurs  in  a  part  of  the  sonnet 
which  Wordsworth  adjudged  to  be  of  no  value 
apparently  because  it  is  written  in  a  style 
of  "  poetic  diction."  Be  this  as  it  may,  the 
word  "  complain  "  is  here  used  in  a  sense 
not  peculiar  to  Gray.  WThen  Crashaw's 
Musician  ('Music's  Duel')  upon  his  Jute 
invokes  "  sweetness  by  all  her  names,"  he 

s    represented  as    "  complaining  his    sweet 
cares  "  ;    Somerville,  in  '  The  Chace,'  says 

the  bird 

That  glads  the  night  had   cheer'd  the  list'ning 
groves  with  sweet  complainings. 


ON  THE  DEATH  or  MR. 
"COMPLAIN"  (11  S.  iv. 


GALLY    KNIGHT  : 


IPECACUANHA"    IN 


town,  co.  Cork. 


G.  W.  STOCKLEY. 


VERSE  (11  S.  iv.  102,  152).— At  the  latter 
reference  I  gave  '  Thyrsis  et  Phyllis  '  as  the 
heading  of  Samuel  Butler's  Latin  transla- 
tion of  '  Damon  and  Juliana  '  in  the  third 
edition  of  '  Arundines  Cami,'  1846,  and 
URBANUS  gave  '  Ne  quid  nimis '  as  the 
heading  in  the  sixth  edition. 

In  the  fifth  edition,  1860,  p.  127,  the  head- 
ing is  '  Aegrescit  medendo.' 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT.  • 

"SOUCHY":  "  WATER-SUCHY  "  (11  S. 
iii.  449;  iv.  13,  96,  137).— In  'The  Ency- 
clopaedic Dictionary '  occurs  the  word  souchet, 
Fr.,  a  dish  of  Dutch  origin  in  which  fish  is 
served  in  the  water  or  stock  in  which  it  is 
boiled.  '  The  Century  Dictionary '  has 
zoutch,  v.t.  (origin  obscure),  to  stew  whiting, 
eels,  &c.,  in  just  enough  water  to  cover  them. 
Whether  the  Dutch  zouten,  to  salt,  has  any 
connexion  with  the  above  words,  I  do  not 
kiiowT.  TOM  JONES. 

SEVENTEENTH  -  CENTURY  QUOTATIONS 
(10  S.  x.  127,  270,  356,  515  ;  xi.  356  ;  xii. 
217;  11  S.  i.  351;  ii.  235,  392).— No.  32 
was  given  thus  : — 

Pectoris  et  cordis  pariter  proprieque  monile 
Ornatus.  Colli  sunt  torques,  auris  in  aures, 
Annulus  est  manuum,  sicut  armillae  brachiorum, 
Atque  periscelides  exornant  crura  puellse. 

This  is  a  form  of  the  following  lines   in   the 
'  Synonyma '  of  Johannes  de  Garlandia  : — 
Pectoris  estproprie  spinter:  pariterque  monile. 
Ornatus  colli  fit  torques  :  &  auris  inaures. 
Anulus  est  manuum  :  sunt  armillse  scapularum, 
Atque  perichelides  exornant  brachia  nymphse. 

See  sign.  i.  iii.  verso  in  the  Paris  edition  of 
1494,  and  Hv  recto  in  Richard  Pynson's 
edition  of  1509,  both  "cum  expositione 


ii  s.  iv.  SEPT.  so,  Mil.]      NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


277 


magistri  Galfridi  anglici."  The  reading 
"crura  puellae  "  is  more  in  keeping  than 
"  brachia  nymphae  "  with  the  explanation  of 
" perichelides  "  ( " periscelides  " )  by  "quasi 
circa  cmra  "  given  in  the  '  Expositio  '  of 
Galfridus  Anglicus  (Geoffrey  the  Gram- 
marian). These  four  lines  are  not  to  be  found 
in  the  text  of  the  '  Synonyma  '  printed  in 
Migne's  '  Patrologia,'  vol.  cl.  Mr.  C.  L. 
Kingsford  remarks  in  his  life  of  Johannes 
de  Garlandia  in  the  'D.N.B.'  : — 

"  No  doubt  they  [i.e.  the  'Synonyma'  and  the 
'  ^Ecquivoea ']  were  revised  from  time  to  time  by 
teachers,  and  in  their  existing  form  may  be  by 
Matthew  of  Vendome,  to  whom  they  are  ascribed 
in  some  manuscripts." 

EDWAKD  BENSLY. 

"  SCAMMEL  "=TO     TREAD     ON     (11      S.     iv. 

229.)— This  is  merely  a  form  of  the  verb 
"  to  scamble,"  and  means  to  push,  shove, 
and  trample  on.  "  Scamble,"  as  a  dialect 
word,  is  still  used  in  these  senses  in  Worces- 
tershire, Berks,  and  other  counties. 

"  Doan't  scamble  the  osses  ower  the  plough." 
"  Now  then,  don't  scamble  that  straw  about  now 
I've  put  it  up  together." 

"  They  pegs  have  abin  in  an'  skammeled  awl 
awver  my  flower-nat." 

The  last  quotation  is  Devonian. 

The  word  is  used  two  or  three  times  by 
Shakspeare  with  precisely  the  same  mean- 
ing : — 

"  Scambling,  out-facing  boys." — '  Much  Ado,' 

"  The  scambling  and  unquiet  time." — '  Henry 

"  England  now  is  left  to  tug  and  scamble." — 
'  K.  John,'  IV.  iii. 

The  word  is  nearly  allied  to  "  scramble." 

WALTER  B.  KINGSFORD. 
United  University  Club. 

There  is  a  reference  in  the  '  English  Dialect 
Dictionary  '  to  "  scammel,"  one  meaning  of 
which  is  to  trample  upon. 

W.  B.  GERISH. 

In  Sussex  we  have  a  very  similar  word  in 
"  spannel,"  which  W.  D.  Parish  in  his 
'  Dictionary  of  the  Sussex  Dialect '  defined 
as  to  make  dirty  footmarks  about  a  floor,  as 
a  spaniel  does.  The  likeness  between  the 
words  is  so  great  that  one  is  inclined  to 
doubt  whether  ^Parish's  derivation  of  the 
word  from  the  dog  is  the  right  one. 

PERCEVAL  LUCAS. 

I  have  heard  "  scammel  "  used  in  East 
Sussex  and  also  in  West  Cornwall. 

It  is  doubtless  a  variant  of  "scamble." 
4  The  Century  Dictionary  '  gives  the  deriva- 


tion of  "scamble"  as  from  the  Middle 
English  "  scamlen  "  (as  verbal  noun  "  scam- 
ling  ")  ;  origin  unknown. 

R.  VAUGHAN  GOWER. 
Ferndale  Lodge,  Tunbridge  Wells. 

"  Scammel,"  used  in  Scotland  and  pro- 
vincial dialects,  is  the  same  as  "scamble," 
which  is  of  obscure  origin  ('N.E.D.')  ;  the 
meaning  is  to  move  awkwardly.  It  includes 
the  sense  of  such  words  as  "  scramble," 
"shamble,"  "stumble,"  "trample,"  and  so 
tread  upon.  TOM  JONES. 

OVERING  SURNAME  (11  S.  iv.  89,  178, 
216). — In  his  reply  at  the  last  reference 
MR.  H.  B.  ELLIS  has  confused  two  persons. 
Charles  Overing  of  Carey  Lane  (a  small 
thoroughfare  connecting  Gutter  Lane  and 
Foster  Lane,  now  bounded  on  its  north  side 
entirely  by  Goldsmith's  Hall)  was  a  gold- 
smith who  carried  on  business  in  the  locality 
from  c.  1693  to  1708  only,  his  death  occurring 
in  the  latter  year. 

His  relative  James  Overing,  also  a  gold- 
smith, was  a  ratepayer  in  respect  of  a  neigh- 
bouring (but  not  adjoining)  house  from 
1698  to  1727,  his  widow  being  assessed  in 
1728.  The  cup  which  MR.  ELLIS  possesses 
is  doubtless  of  his  manufacture. 

Further  information  in  regard  to  the 
Overings  will  appear  in  my  '  Records.' 

WILLIAM  MCMURRAY. 

The  surname  Overing  is  certainly  rare. 
There  are  few  surnames  which  are  not  to 
be  found  in  the  Catalogue  of  the  British 
Museum  Library,  but  the  only  entry  under 
this  is  a  sermon  published  in  1670  by  John 
Overing,  M.A.  (on  2  Chron.  xxxv.  24,  25), 
with  the  title  '  Hadadrimmon  ;  or,  Josiah's 
Lamentation.'  A.  RHODES. 

HENRY  FIELDING  AND  THE  CIVIL  POWER 
(US.  iii.  486;  iv.  58). — F.  B.  M.  advises 
me  to  "  see  '  D.N.B.'  "  in  regard  to  my 
note  on  this  point  ;  and,  having  done  so, 
I  am  wondering  whether  he  had  taken  that 
step  before  seeking  to  make  a  correction. 
In  October,  1751 — the  date  of  the  incident 
to  which  I  called  attention — Henry  Fielding 
was  exercising  his  full  magisterial  powers 
in  London,  while  his  half  brother  Sir  John 
Fielding,  who  had  been  his  assistant  for 
some  years,  became  his  successor  on  his 
death  in  1754.  All  this  is  in  '  D.N.B.'  ; 
and,  as  I  previously  noted,  "  Henry  Fielding, 
Esq.,"  is  given  specifically  in  the  newspapers 
of  October,  1751,  as  the  name  of  the  most 
active  of  all  London  justices. 

ALFRED  F.  ROBBINS. 


278 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       m  s.  iv.  s«w.  :*>,  1911. 


SELDEN'S  '  TABLE  TALK  '  :  "  FORCE  ' 
(11  S.  iv.  229). — T  should  say  that  "  force  ' 
is  here  a  form  of  "  farce  "  or  "  farse,"  that  is 
interpolation.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

HISTORY  OP  ENGLAND  WITH  RIMING 
VERSES  (US.  iv.  168,  233).— I  have  an  old 
book,  cr.  8vo,  leather-bound,  68  pp.  (ex- 
clusive of  a  24-page  introduction),  entitled 
'  Poetical  Chronology  of  Ancient  and  English 
History  ;  with  Historical  and  Explanatory 
Notes,'  London,  printed  by  A.  J.  Valpy, 
Red  Lion  Court,  Fleet  Street  ;  sold  by 
Longman  &  Co.,  Baldwin  &  Co.,  G.  B. 
Whittaker,  Rivingtons,  and  Simpkin 
Marshall,  1827.  In  the  preliminary  "Ad- 
vertisement" the  author,  R.  V.  (R.  Valpy, 
D.D.,  F.A.S.),  gives  us  to  understand  that 
the  "'Ancient  "  part  is  a  reprint  from  a  series 
of  '  Chronological  Verses  '  by  Mr.  Hooke, 
the  Roman  historian,  revised  by  Bishop 
Lowth  ;  the  second  (English)  poem, 
revised  version  of  a  '  Poetical  Chronology  of 
the  Kings  of  England,'  preserved  in  The 
Gentleman's  Magazine.  This  revision  was 
considered  "absolutely  necessary"  "from 
a  sense  of  moral  and  political  propriety," 
the  author  of  the  '  Poetical  Chronology  ' 
1  laving,  seemingly, 

'•  cast  a  shade  of  unmerited  obloquy  over  the 
character  of  some  English  Princes.  Much  altera- 
tion was  therefore  required.  For  the  lines  from 
the  time  of  Charles  I.  to  the  present  reign,  both 
inclusive — with  the  exception  of  James  II. — 
the  writer  of  these  sheets  is  responsible." 

We  may  thus,  I  presume,  infer  that  the 
earliest  printed  English  metrical  chronology 
was  the  one  published  in  The  Gent.  Mag. 
The  "Ancient  History"  verses  in  my  book 
commence  : — 

Anno  Mundi,  1656. 

O'er  sixteen  cent'ries  the  revolving  sun, 
And  summers  fifty-six,  his  course  had  run, 
When  sinful  man  drew  heav'n's  just  vengeance 

down, 
In  one  wide  deluge  the  whole  earth  to  drown. 

The  poem  concludes  with  the  birth  of  the 
"  Prince  of  Peace." 

The  "  English  History  "  starts  :— 

Normans. 
William  the  Conqueror. 

1066. 

When  years  one  thousand  and  threescore  and  six 
Had  pass'd,  since  Christ  in  Bethlem's  manger  lay. 
Then  the  stern  Norman,  red  from  Hastings'  field, 
Bruis'd  Anglia's  realm  beneath  his  iron  sway. 

The  final  verse,  "  George  the  Fourth," 
runs  : — 

•  1820. 

In  eighteen  hundred  twenty,  George  the  Fourth, 
Whose  Regent  arm  the  toils  of  State  had  prov'd, 
Ascends  the  throne  :     O  may  he  florish  long, 
Loving  his  people,  by  his  people  lov'd  ! 


Riming   chronologies   were   much   in   vogue 
during  the  early  years  of  the  last  century. 
One  I  used  to  learn  when  a  child  began  : — 

First  William  the  Norman, 

Then  William  his  son, 
Henry,  Stephen,  and  Henry, 

Then  Richard  and  John. 

Then  came  Henry  the  Third, 

Edwards  One,  Two,  and  Three  ; 

And  again,  after  Richard, 
Three  Henries  we  see. 

I   forget    all   the   rest,  except  the  last   two 
lines : — 

God  sent  us  Victoria, 

May  she  long  be  the  last ! 

I  cannot  recall  the  date,  nor  the  name  of 
the  author — if,  indeed,  his  name  was  men- 
tioned. There  was  an  old  song  written  on 
the  same  principle,  the  chorus  at  the  end 
of  each  verse  proclaiming  "  They  were  all 
of  them  kings  in  their  turn  !  "  but  I  cannot 
distinctly  remember  the  words,  though  I 
am  quite  familiar  with  the  tune. 

HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 

39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennington  Lane. 

When  a  small  boy,  I  had  to  learn  the 
history  of  England  by  rime,  and  I  do  not 
remember  having  known  the  lines  given  by 
ST.  SWITHIN  as  the  commencement  of  the 
verse  relating  to  William  the  Conqueror. 
To  the  best  of  my  recollection,  the  verse 
with  which  I  was  familiar  ran  as  follows  : — 

In  1027  William  the  First  was  born, 
In  1066  on  Christmas  morn 
O'er  England  he  doth  reign. 

Some  of  the  subsequent  verses  are  still 
?resh  in  my  memory,  but  unfortunately  I 
iave  forgotten  the  name  of  the  work  from 
which  they  come.  R.  VAUGHAN  GOWER. 

Ince  and  Gilbert  in  their  '  Outlines  of 
English  History :  with  Notices  of  the 
National  Manners  and  Customs,  Dress. 
Arts,  &c.'  (W.  Kent  &  Co.,  Paternoster 
rlow,  1867),  include  eight  pages  of  metrical 
composition.  They  emphasize  its  "  evident 
utility,"  on  the  ground  that  "  this  method 
f  teaching  history  is  at  once  sure  and  easy." 
They  recommend  teachers  to  give  portions 
of  these  rimes  as  home  lessons  and  to  insist 
on  the  learning  of  the  metre.  "The  metres," 
he  authors  point  out,  "  may  be  sung  to 
Dopular  tunes."  The  Roman  period  is  thus 
netrically  opened  : — 

In  43  a  Roman  host 

From  Gaul  assailed  our  southern  coast  ; 

Caractacus  in  nine  years  more, 

A  captive,  left  his  native  shore  ; 

Boadicea,  from  loss  in  strife, 

In  61  destroyed  her  life. 


iis.  iv.  SEPT.  so,  MIL]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


279 


The  periods  separately  dealt  with  in  this 
manner  are  the  Roman,  the  Anglo-Saxon, 
the  Danish,  the  Norman,  the  Plantagenet,  the 
York  and  Lancaster,  the  Tudor,  the  Stuart, 
the  Commonwealth,  and  the  Hanoverian, 
the  last  concluding  thus  : — 
In  1830  William  Fourth  ascends  his  brother's 

throne, 
And  Grey  and  Russell  in  '32  the  Great  Reform 

Bill  won. 
And  when  our  Queen  ascended,  and  when  Prince 

Albert  came  ; 
When    Hardinge,    Sale,    and    Napier   brave   held 

high  the  British  name  ; 
When  at  Alma  and  at  Inkermann  we  struck  the 

Russian  low, 
When    Albert    died,    the    Great    and    Good— all 

British  boys  should  know. 

T.  H.  BARROW. 

[The  lines  quoted  by  MB.  VAUGHAN  GOWER  and 
MR.  BARROW  are  part  of  the  same  version.] 

"  HlC    LOCUS    ODIT,    AMAT,"    &C.    (11    S.    lii. 

66,    131). — Andrew  Amos  in  his   '  Gems  of 
Latin  Poetry,'   p.    331,   gives  the  following 
distich,  headed  '  Stadt-House  at  Delft ' : — 
Haec  domus  amat,  punit,  conservat,  honorat, 
Nequitiem,  pacem,  scelera,  jura,  probos. 

"  Odit  "  should  obviously  be  inserted  before 
"  amat,"  and  it  seems  almost  impossible 
that  "  scelera  "  can  be  anything  but  a  slip 
for  "  crimina."  Amos  adds  an  English 
version  : — 
This  House  hates  vice,  loves  peace,  swift  vengeance 

flings 

Impartial  upon  malefactors'  heads  : 
To  laws  insulted  timely  succour  brings, 
And  glory  round  the  brows  of  virtue  sheds, 

and   says  :     "  The   Latin   and    English    are 
from  Dr.  Watts' s  Correspondence." 

These  Latin  lines,  in  which  each  verb  of  the 
series  governs  its  separate  accusative,  are 
an  example  of  the  kind  known  as  "  versus 
correlative,"  one  of  the  best-known  instances 
of  which  is  the  couplet  on  Virgil  ascribed 
to  Pentadius  : — 

Pastor  arator  eques  pavi  colui  superavi, 
Capras  rus  hostes  fronde  ligone  boves. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 
[The  last  word  of  the  epigram  is  also  read  manu.~\ 

COL.  SIR  J.  ABBOTT  :  '  CONSTANCE  '  AND 
'  ALLAOODDEEN  '  (11  S.  iv.  228). — I  have  a 
copy  of  '  Allaooddeen,  a  Tragedy,  and  other 
Poems,'  by  the  author  of  '  Constance,'  &c. 
It  was  published  by  Smith,  Elder  &  Co. 
in  1880,  cr.  8vo,  cloth.  The  cover  has  on 
the  back,  in  gilt,  a  six-storied  tower  seen 
through  a  palace  or  temple  window. 

The  book  of  230  pp.+xi  pp.  consists  of 
an  Advertisement  (really  a  preface)  of  3  pp. 
Then  the  play  of  164  pp.,  with  notes  on  the 
play,  6  pp.  After  that  comes  '  The  Legend 


of  Raniwar  '  (with  introduction  and  notes), 
26  pp.  ;  and  lastly  Miscellaneous  (poems), 
34  pp.,  comprising  '  The  Desert  Child,' 
'  Mr.  Puck,'  '  The  Yes,'  *  Sul  Margine,' 
'Song'  ("Thou  art  all  in  all  to  me"), 
'  Ariel,'  '  The  Strain  of  other  Days,'  '  Battle- 
Song'  ("Hark  the  crash  of  hurtling  foe- 
men!"),  'Sonnet,'  'Scene:  Gate  of  West- 
minster Abbey  '  (8  pp.). 

On  the  fly-leaf  at  the  end  is  an  advertise- 
ment of  '  Constance,'  a  tale,  crown  8vo, 
price  6s.,  with  reviews  from  papers,  including 
one  in  Allen's  Indian  Mail  of  28  January, 
1878,  which  would  probably  give  much  fuller 
details,  and  one  from  The  Liverpool  Weekly, 
Albion,  dated  17  November,  1877. 

The  scene  of  '  Allaooddeen '  is  laid  at 
Delhi,  and  the  dramatis  personce  include 
Allaooddeen,  Ghiljie  Emperor  of  Delhi  ;. 
his  eldest  son,  Prince  Khizr ;  Kafoor,  a 
eunuch  created  Khan  Khanan,  Lord  of 
Lords ;  Nizamooddeen,  a  Muhummadan 
saint  of  the  Tchoustie  sect ;  Ubdal  the 
Afghaun,  an  assassin  in  the  pay  of  the  saint ; 
Dewilde  or  Dewul  Devi,  daughter  of  Kowilde; 
Kowilde  or  Kowul  Devi,  favourite  queen  of 
Allaooddeen  ;  and  a  lot  of  fictitious  cha- 
racters. J.  T. 

WOMEN  CARRYING  THEIR  HUSBANDS  ON~ 
THEIR  BACKS  (11  S.  ii.  409,  452,  518).— 
A  somewhat  extensive  bibliography  on  the 
subject  (naturally,  largely  with  foreign, 
references)  will  be  found  at  pp.  615-18  of 
the  'Remarks  '  toM.  Montanus's  '  Schwank- 
biicher'  (1557-66),  edited  by  J.  Bolte  for 
the  "  Bibliothek  des  Litterarischen  Vereins- 
in  Stuttgart,"  1899. 

A.    COLLINGWOOD    LEE. 

HAMILTON  KERBY  (11  S.  iv.  230). — The 
arms  of  the  Kerby  family,  according  to. 
Papworth,  Glover,  and  Burke,  were  Argent,, 
on  a  fesse  vert,  three  crosses  patte  or. 

Hamilton  Kerby  of  Antigua  married 
Anna  Warner  of  a  well-known  family  of 
that  island.  He  had  with  other  issue 
Sarah  (born  1755,  died  1833),  who  married 
in  1781  Robert  Pott,  and  had  issue.. 
Another  daughter  married Wilgress. 

L.  C.  PRICE. 
Bwell. 

BELGIAN  COIN  WITH  FLEMISH  INSCRIPTION 
(US.  iv.  88,  176).— I  think  that  Flemish, 
first  appeared  on  Belgian  coins  about  1887. 
At  any  rate,  I  have  this  year  seen  several 
Belgian  francs  of  that  date.  They  bear 
on  the  obverse  the  inscription  "  Leopold  II. 
Koning  dor  Belgen,"  and  on  the  reverse 
"  Eendracht  Maakt  Macht." 

JOHN  B.  WAINE WRIGHT. 


280 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        m  s.  iv.  SEPT.  30, 1911. 


Register  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford.  —  New 
Series.  Vol.  VII.  Fellows,  1882-1910.  By 
William  Dunn  Macray.  (Frowde.) 
DR.  MACRAY  needs  no  introduction  to  the  readers 
of  '  N.  &  Q.,'  who  will  join  with  us  in  heartily 
congratulating  him  on  the  happy  completion  of 
his  Register  the  first  volume  of  which  was  issued 
in  1894.  His  own  record  amongst  that  of  the 
Fellows  of  the  College  appears,  with  a  reproduction 
of  an  admirable  portrait,  on  pp.  53  and  54,  and 
.even  those  who  know  that  he  is  a  veteran  may  be 
surprised  to  learn  that  he  began  at  Magdalen 
as  a  schoolboy  as  far  back  as  1836.  The  College 
can  hardly  possess  a  more  devoted  son,  and  the 
work  before  us  shows  the  fullness  and  care  in 
detail  which  are  rare  nowadays  and  indicate  a 
labour  of  love. 

The  list  of  Fellows  is,  indeed,  brilliant,  and  their 
publications  represent  a  wide  range  of  learning. 
Dr.  Macray  is  more  than  up-to-date  in  this  section 
of  his  book,  for  he  mentions  work  shortly  to  be 
expected,  e.g.,  a  series  of  musical  compositions 
by  Mr.  A.  W.  Pickard-Cambridge.  Nor  are  books 
alone  recorded  ;  the  reader  will  find  a  formidable 
list  of  papers  both  in  English  and  foreign  languages 
under  the  names  of  H.  A.  Miers,  J.  L.  Myers,  and 
H.  M.  Vernon. 

Before  this  section  come  '  Extracts  from 
Registers  and  Bursars'  Accounts,'  which  provide 
a  good  deal  of  varied  interest.  There  are  refer- 
ences concerning  animals  for  the  College  Grove, 
successes  on  the  river,  electric  lighting,  the  May 
Day  hymn,  and  the  last  of  the  Fellow  Commoners, 
who  died  in  1888.  It  was  not  until  1882  that  the 
quarter-days  of  the  College  were  ordered  to  corre- 
spond with  those  usually  recognized.  In  1892 
there  were  more  than  150  applicants  for  the  place 
of  head  cook.  In  1895  and  1898  about  500  people 
attended  the  College  ball.  Prince  Christian 
Victor  planted  two  trees  in  the  College  Grove  in 
1898.  Numerous  contributions  to  the  cause  of 
good  learning  are  mentioned,  and  the  College 
has  been  generous  in  lending  its  treasures  in  the 
way  of  books.  Wolsey's  illuminated  gospel- 
book,  lent  in  1908,  was  insured  for  200L  The 
same  great  ecclesiastic  appears  in  extracts  from 
'  The  Earliest  Bursar's  Books  '  at  the  end  of  the 
volume,  where  a  facsimile  is  added  giving  what 
is  regarded  as  beyond  doubt  his  autograph 
(13th  week  of  Third  Term,  1497). 

There  is  also  a  list  of  Presidents  who  were  not 
before  their  election  members  of  the  College 
(1448-1688).  Of  Richard  Mayew,  appointed 
1480,  the  College  possesses  the  will  with  a  long 
inventory  of  his  plate,  both  reproduced  here.  In 
1552  and  1650  there  were  arbitrary  appointments 
of  f  Vimbridge  men  to  the  Headship.  Bonaventure 
Giffard,  the  last  of  the  Presidents  mentioned, 
lived  through  troublous  times  to  the  age  of  ninety- 
two,  and  has  attracted  the  attention  of  our  own 
contributors. 

Dr.  Macray  ends  his  Preface  with  a  touching 
sentence  in  which  he  speaks  of  his  "  unfailing 
heart  and  will."  No  one  could  have  done  more 
to  carry  on  the  work  begun  by  another  enthusiastic 
antiquary  and  devoted  son  of  the  College,  John 
Rouse,  Bloxham. 


Unenglisches     English.     Von     Dr.     G.      Kriiger. 

(Dresden,  Kochs.) 

DR.  KRUGER  has  made  a  collection  of  some  of 
the  worst  mistakes  which  the  German  makes 
when  he  tries  to  speak  English,  due  to  his  con- 
forming the  foreign  idiom  to  his  own,  the  result 
being  a  kind  of  supposititious  English.  According 
to  the  German  saying  which  he  takes  as  the  motto 
of  his  book,  "  It  looks  like  wine,  but  it  isn't." 
This  Germanic  caricature  of  our  tongue  produces, 
as  might  be  expected,  some  queer  results.  The 
worthy  Teuton  speaks  of  a  young  man  being 
solide  when  he  means  steady  and  respectable. 
The  sick  man  "  betters  himself  "  (sick  gebessert) 
when  his  health  improves  ;  he  is  todmude  when 
dead-tired  ;  and  "  sleeps  fast  "  (fest  schlaft) 
when  he  goes  fast  asleep.  If  poor,  he  goes  to  the 
Arbeitshaus  or  work-house.  When  he  uses  an 
improper  expression  it  ist  kein  parlamentarisch. 
An  ineligible  young  man  in  a  matrimonial  point 
of  view  ist  kcinc  besondere  Partie.  We  often  have 
a  difficulty  in  recognizing  the  original  of  this 
"  English  as  she  is  spoke."  Dr.  Kriiger  tells  us, 
e.g.,  that  sind  Sie  im  Englischen  firm  ?  is  equivalent 
to  "  Are  you  well  up  [?  strong]  in  English  ?  "  A 
person  uneasy  or  suspicious  is  said  to  have  einen 
Floh  ins  Ohr  gesetzt.  A  paar  of  shillings  does  duty 
for  a  few  or  two  or  three.  The  book,  regardless 
of  its  title,  is  largely  made  up  of  corrupted  Galli- 
cisms which  would  be  as  unfrench  in  France  as 
the  other  words  undoubtedly  are  unenglish  in 
England. 

MR.  R.  A.  PEDDIE,  whose  name  is  familiar  to  the 
bibliographical  readers  of  'N.  &  Q.,'  will  deliver  his 
lecture  on  '  How  to  Use  the  Reading-Room  of  the 
British  Museum,'  in  the  Lecture-Room  of  the 
Museum,  on  the  afternoons  of  Saturdays,  7  and  28 
October,  and  2  December  this  year,  and  the  first 
Saturday  in  January,  February,  and  March  next. 
Admission  to  the  lecture  is  free. 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
iind  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
communications  which,  for  any  reason,  we  do  not 
print,  and  to  this  rule  we  can  make  no  exception. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  '  Notes  and  Queries'" — Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub 
lishers  " — at  the  Office,  Brea/n's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

COL.  J.  H.  ("Captive  of spear  and  bow  ").— A 

faulty  remembrance  of  2  Kings  vi.  22. 

R.  V.  G.  ("To  return  to  our  muttons ").— From 
the  fifteenth-century  'Farce  de  Maistre  Pierre 
Patelin,'  sc.  xix.  There  is  a  long  note  on  the  saying 
in  King's  valuable  'Classical  and  Foreign  Quota- 
tions,'3rd  ed.,  p.  303. 


us. iv. OCT. 7, ion.]          NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


281 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  7,  1911. 


CONTENTS.— No.  98. 

NOTES  :— The  Halletts  of  Canons,  281— Thackeray : 
Thackery:  Wray— Bewickiana,  283— Napoleon  Relic  in 
India,  284— Pronunciation  of  "  Ch  "  in  Early  English- 
Statues  in  London — Learned  Horses,  285 — The  Bells  of 
Bosham— Church  closed  on  Vicar's  Death— The  Cassi- 
terides  and  Lyonesse,  286 — Wymondley  Tradition  and 
Julius  Csesar— '  Caesar's  Dialogue,'  1601— "As  dark  as  a 
stack  of  black  cats,"  287. 

QUERIES:— "I  am  paid  regular  wages,"  287— "Jerusa- 
lem-Garters"—'The  Velvet  Cushion '— Jane  Austen's 
'  Persuasion ' — 28th  Regiment  at  Cape  St.  Vincent — 75th 
Regiment  at  Delhi  —  Annie  Keary's  '  Last  Day  of 
Flowers'— St.  Frideswide  of  Oxford,  288— Napoleon's 
" Guard "—"  As  sure  as  God  made  little  apples"— B.  D. 
Wyatt— "  Old  Clem  "— Chelvey  Church,  Somerset— Wood 
Engraving  and  Process  Block— Spurring  Book-plate— F. 
Knibbel,  Artist  —  Lightfoot  of  Birmingham  —  Axford 
Family— Eighteenth-Century  School-Book,  289— Ether- 
ington  Family — Kilbo— British  Royal  Arms  in  Milan — 
Spanish  Motto— Heine  and  Byron— '  Maitre  Gue"riu'— 
"  Aspinshaw,  Leather  Lane" — T.  Oliver  of  Bond  Street- 
Grand  Khaibar— Diatoric  Teeth— Arno  Surname— Purvis 
Surname—"  Walm"  as  a  Street-Name,  290. 

REPLIES  :— Bristol  M.P.'s,  291— Queen  Elizabeth's  Por- 
traits at  Hampton  Court — Printers'  Errors  in  '  Pickwick 
Papers,'  292— Theophile  Gautier— Paris  Barriers,  293— 
"  J'y  suis,  j'y  reste  " — "  All  my  eye  and  Betty  Martin,"  294 
—Daniel  Horry— Authors  Wanted— Military  Executions 
— Stonehenge  —  Charles  Waterton's  Pamphlets  —  Frank 
Buckland,  295— Noble  Families  in  Shakespeare— Rev. 
Thomas  and  Joseph  Delafield — Army  Bandmasters,  296 — 
Trees  growing  from  Graves  —  Stockings,  Black  and 
Coloured,  297— Henry  Etough— St.  Hugh  and  "  the  Holy 
Nut"— First  Perforated  Postage  Stamps,  298— Grinling 
Gibbons  and  Rogers — Twins  and  Second  Sight — A  labaster 
Boxes  of  Love,  299. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :— '  Educational  Charters  and  Docu- 
ments '-De  Quincey— '  The  Cornhill.' 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


THE  HALLETTS  OF  CANONS  : 
GAINSBOROUGH'S  'MORNING  WALK.' 

I  SUPPOSE  it  is  an  experience  common  to 
others  as  well  as  myself  to  find  how  very 
little  is  known  of  the  biographies  of  many  of 
those  whose  features  are  familiar  to  us  in 
famous  portraits.  In  compiling  catalogues 
of  portraits  by  Romney  and  Hoppner  it  was 
always  my  object  to  obtain  some  biographi- 
cal details  of  each  subject,  for  these  details 
are  as  much  part  and  parcel  of  the  picture 
as  its  provenance  or  its  history.  Messrs. 
Graves  and  Cronin  did  the  same  for  Sir 
Joshua  Reynolds  ;  and  the  late  Alfred 
Whitman  and  Mr.  Gordon  Goodwin,  follow- 
ing the  example  of  Chaloner  Smith,  did  the 
same  for  the  portraits  engraved  by  such 
masters  as  fell  to  their  lot  to  catalogue. 

Sir   Walter   Armstrong    in    his  big    book 
on  Gainsborough   gives  a  fairly  full    list   of 


portraits  by  that  artist,  but  little  or  nothing 
in  the  shape  of  biography  ;  and  this  list, 
which  is  probably  referred  to  99  times  out 
of  every  hundred  that  the  book  is  consulted, 
is  relegated  to  an  Appendix,  instead  of 
forming  a  chief  feature  of  the  book.  Criti- 
cism of  all  kinds  is  fleeting  and  individual, 
the  conclusions  of  to-day  may  cause  derision 
to-morrow  ;  but  a  carefully  compiled  cata- 
logue raisonne  must  always  have  a  certain 
amount  of  permanent  value. 

I  am  led  to  make  these  few  remarks  be- 
cause, having  to  furnish  a  few  biographical 
details  concerning  one  of  Gainsborough's 
most  beautiful  pictures — Sir  Walter  Arm- 
strong goes  so  far  as  to  describe  it  as  "  the 
finest  picture  painted  in  the  eighteenth 
century  " — I  found  I  had  undertaken  a  task 
which,  instead  of  occupying,  as  I  had  anti- 
cipated, a  few  minutes,  necessitated  two 
or  three  days'  labour.  The  picture  to  which 
I  allude  is  the  well-known  group  of  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Hallett,  popularly  known  under  its 
engraved  title  of  '  The  Morning  Walk,'  the 
property  of  Lord  Rothschild. 

Who  were  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hallett  ?  Not  a 
single  line  is  to  be  found  in  any  book  on 
Gainsborough — there  is  an  abundance  of 
praise  and  criticism,  but  not  a  single  bio- 
graphical fact.  The  picture  was  exhibited 
by  the  present  owner  at  the  Old  Masters 
in  1885,  No.  95,  and  catalogued  as  '  Portraits 
of  Squire  Hilliard  [sic]  and  his  Wife '  ; 
but  nothing  of  a  biographical  nature  was 
revealed.  It  is  obvious  that  Squire  Hallett 
and  his  wife  were  important  people  in  their 
day,  but  that  day  was  before  Burke  took 
the  "  landed  gentry "  under  his  genea- 
logical wing.  I  have  therefore  had  to 
"  burrow  "  for  my  own  facts,  and  in  doing 
this  I  have  gone  through  The  Gentleman's 
Magazine  for  over  a  century.  My  somewhat 
voluminous  notes  may  be  useful  to  future 
students,  and  I  think  they  are  worthy  of 
permanent  record  in  the  pages  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 

Gainsborough's  picture  represents  William 
Hallett  of  Canons,  Middlesex,  and  his  wife 
(nee  Stephen).  There  were  three  William 
Halletts  of  Canons,  and  Gainsborough's 
picture  is  of  the  third  of  these  and  his  wife. 

1.  The  first  William  Hallett,  who  died 
17  December,  1781,  was  at  one  time  an 
eminent  cabinet-maker  in  St.  Martin's  Lane. 
He  bought  at  the  sale  in  1747  the  estate  of 
Canons,  in  the  parish  of  Whitchurch,  near 
Edgware,  where  the  Duke  of  Chandos,  who 
had  accumulated  a  vast  fortune  as  Paymaster 
to  the  Army  in  the  reign  of  Queen  Anne, 
had,  as  is  well  known,  erected  a  magnificent 
residence,  and  where  the  Duke  lived  in 


282 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  7, 1911. 


splendour  from  about  1712  till  his  death  in 
1744.  At  the  sale  (see  ante,  p.  261)  Hallett 
purchased  the  principal  lot,  and  erected  on 
the  site  of  the  famous  mansion  a  "  villa  " 
with  the  materials  that  composed  his  "  lot." 
The  two  porters'  lodges  alone  were  allowed 
to  remain,  and  these  Hallett  raised  a  story 
higher  "  that  he  might  fit  them  up  for 
gentlemen."  Walpole  mentions  the  sale  of 
this  place  to  a  cabinet-maker  as  a  mockery 
of  sublunary  grandeur.  William  Hallett 
married  the  daughter  of  James  Hallett — 
probably  a  relative — of  Dunmow,  Essex. 
She  died  at  Edgware  28  June,  1810,  at  the 
age  of  95,  having  survived  her  husband 
29  years.  By  a  curious  coincidence,  on  the 
day  of  her  death  Canons  was  put  up  for  sale 
by  auction  by  the  then  owner,  Mr.  O'Kelly. 

2.  William  Hallett  the  second,  who  died 
vita  patris,  12  May,  1767,  was  known  as 
William  Hallett,  jun.,  of  Little  Canons, 
and  was  married  twice.  The  Gentleman's 
Magazine  of  1753  (p.  590)  records  the  mar- 
riage of  William  Hallett,  jun.,  to  "  Miss 
[Hannah]  Hopkins,  30,000/."  She  was  the 
daughter  and  heiress  of  John  Hopkins  of 
Bretons,  Essex,  a  collateral  descendant  of 
a  City  merchant  known  as  "Vulture  Hop- 
kins," who  died  in  1732  worth  300,000/. 
There  was  at  least  one  child  of  this  Hallett- 
Hopkins  marriage,  for  The  Gentleman's 
Magazine  of  1779  (p.  566)  records  the  mar- 
riage, 26  October,  at  Whitchurch  of  John 
E.  Dolben,  only  son  of  Sir  William  Dolben, 
Bt.,  to  Miss  Hallett,  granddaughter  of  James 
(i.e.  William)  Hallett  of  Canons  and  of  the 
late  J.  Hopkins  of  Bretons,  "  with  a  fortune 
of  70,OOOZ."  Mrs.  Dolben  died  at  Penton- 
ville  12  January,  1807. 

William  Hallett  married  secondly,  in 
September,  1761,  Eliza,  daughter  of  Abra- 
ham Chambers,  banker  of  New  Bond  Street, 
and  by  her  had  three  children  :  ( 1 )  Lettice, 
born  June,  1763,  married  1  December, 
1787,  the  Rev.  J.  Mulso,  jun.,  Vicar  of  South 
Stoneham,  Hants  ;  (2)  William,  the  third 
of  that  name,  see  below  ;  and  (3)  Frances, 
born  posthumous  in  August,  1767.  She 
married  first,  in  1786,  Mr.  Saunders,  a 
surgeon*  in  the  Middlesex  Militia ;  and 
secondly  Capt.  Armstrong,  paymaster  of  the 
1st  Battalion  of  the  67th  Regiment. 

William  Hallett' s  widow  married  secondly, 
as  his  third  wife,  in  December,  1791,  the 
Rev.  Rd.  Harington,  and  died  in  1817  at 
the  age  of  75.  This  lady's  portrait  was 
painted  by  John  Russell,  and  a  small  oval 

*  Also  described  as  "an  apothecary  at  Farning- 
ham,  Kent." 


of  it  was  anonymously  engraved  :  it  may 
be  identified  by  a  beaded  cross  suspended 
from  the  neck. 

3.  William  Hallett  the  third  was  born 
in  June,  1764,  and  inherited  his  grandfather's 
estate  at  Canons,  of  which  an  engraving 
was  published  in  1782,  and  is  reproduced  in 
W^alford's  'Greater  London'  (i.  294).  He 
married  30  August,  1785,  at  Whitchurch, 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  the  late  Mr.  Stephen, 
a  surgeon  of  Breakspeare,  Middlesex,  with 
"  a  handsome  fortune."  It  was  soon  after 
this  marriage  that  Gainsborough  painted 
his  famous  picture,  which  remained  in  the 
family  for  nearly  a  century.  Hallett  sold 
Canons  in  1786  to  Capt.  Dennis  O'Kelly, 
"  a  successful  adventurer  on  the  turf  "  (but 
more  famous  as  the  owner  of  the  celebrated 
racehorse  Eclipse),  who  left  it  to  his  nephew, 
who,  as  we  have  seen,  again  sold  it  in 
1810. 

Mrs.  Hallett  died  16  April,  1833,  "after 
a  married  life  of  48  years,"  being  described 
in  The  Gentleman's  Magazine  as  "  the  wife 
of  William  Hallett,  Esq.,  of  Candys,  near 
Southampton."  Mr.  Hallett  himself  sur- 
vived his  wife  nine  years,  dying  at  Candy& 
21  November,  1842,  in  his  79th  year,  and  was 
described  as  "  formerly  of  Denford  House, 
near  Hunger  ford,  Berks."  He  seems  to 
have  been  somewhat  of  a  roving  disposition 
in  the  matter  of  country  residences,  for  after 
selling  Canons,  he  purchased  the  Dunch 
estate  at  Wittenham,  Berks,  and  also 
Farringdon  (the  latter  estate  had  been  in  the 
Pye  family  for  200  years)  in  the  same  county. 
He  for  a  time  resided  at  Denford,  and 
finally  died  at  Candys. 

The  births  of  only  two  children  of  Gains- 
borough's Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hallett  are  recorded 
in  The  Gentleman's  Magazine  :  (1)  a  son 
8  August,  1786,  probably  identical  with  the 
William  Hallett,  jun.,  of  Philliols,  Dorset, 
who  married  in  August,  1827,  Mary,  eldest 
daughter  of  Robert  Radclyffe  of  Foxdenton 
Hall,  Lanes  ;  (2)  at  Brighton,  15  August, 
1791,  "  the  lady  of  William  Hallett,  Esq., 
of  Farringdon  House,  Berks,  a  daughter." 
This  daughter  may  have  been  Charlotte, 
his  second  daughter,  who  married  in  1812 
George  Kerr  (afterwards  Kerr-Nelson)  of 
Chaddleworth,  Berks.  There  was  another 
son,  for  The  Gentleman's  Magazine  records 
the  death  (6  August,  1812,  from  the  effects 
of  an  ague  caught  at  Ciudad  Rodrigo),  aged 
18,  of  R.  S.  Halletts  (sic),  second  son  of 
William  Hallett  of  Denford,  Berks,  a  lieu- 
tenant in  the  58th  Foot. 

Further  search  in  The  Gentleman's  Maga- 
zine and  elsewhere  would  doubtless  reveal 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  7,  mi.]          NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


283 


other  facts  concerning  the  Hallett  family, 
but  this  brief  notice  of  four  generations  may 
be  taken  as  sufficient  for  the  present  occa- 
sion, in  that  it  shows  the  ancestors  and 
descendants  of  the  lady  and  gentleman  in 
Gainsborough's  great  picture. 

W.  ROBERTS. 
18,  King's  Avenue,  Clapham  Park,  S.W. 


THACKERAY:  THACKERY  : 
WRAY. 

THE  memory  of  the  author  of  '  Vanity  Fair  ' 
having  been  prominently  in  our  minds  at 
the  recent  centenary  of  his  birth,  even  such 
a  trifle  as  the  origin  of  his  rather  unfamiliar 
surname  may  be  of  some  interest  to  those 
who  have  read  with  much  pleasure  the  re- 
miniscent notes  of  him  contributed  to  these 
pages  by  MB.  JOHN  COLLINS  FRANCIS. 

"  Thackray  "—so  spelt  in  the  Ordnance 
Survey — is  the  name  of  an  ancient  home- 
stead in  the  Yorkshire  parish  of  Fewston 
in  the  Forest  of  Knaresborough — no  doubt 
one  of  those  rough  stone  houses  with  mul- 
lioned  windows  often  met  with  in  that  part 
of  the  country.  The  name  was  formerly, 
and  more  correctly,  spelt  "  Thackwray." 
"  Wray  "  meant  a  corner,  as  PROF.  SKEAT 
stated  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  (ante,  p.  35)  when  refer- 
ring to  Harrogate,  formerly  "  Heywray- 
gate."  As  to  the  prefix  "  Thack,"  it  is 
probably  "  Th'  Ack,"  from  a  venerable  or 
remarkable  oak  growing  on  the  site,  and 
known  by  that  name  even  before  there  was 
a  house  there. 

Those  who,  in  former  days,  lived  in, 
and  possibly  held,  this  ancient  homestead, 
must  have  been  the  forefathers  of  all  the 
Thackerys  we  find  scattered  about  York- 
shire, some  of  whom,  like  the  author's 
ancestors,  got  no  further  than  the  adjoin- 
ing parish  of  Hampsthwaite.  "  The  name 
is  now  widely  diffused  in  this  part  of  York- 
shire," wrote  the  late  Mr.  Walbran  of 
Ripon,  a  well-known  antiquary.  The  some- 
what surprising  statement,  "  no  locality 
now  bearing  it  has  hitherto  been  found," 
occurs  in  a  full  account  of  the  families  of  the 
name,  especially  of  the  descendants  of  the 
Head  Master  of  Harrow,  compiled  by  the  late 
Mr.  John  Gough  Nichols,  F.S.A.,  the  editor 
of  The  Herald  and  Genealogist  (vol.  ii.  pp.  315 
and  440). 

The  earliest  instance  of  the  name — in  a 
contemporary  record — is  given  by  Mr.  Wal- 
bran in  his  '  Memorials  of  Fountains  Abbey.' 
In  1336  John  de  "  Thakwra  "  held  of  the 
Abbot  and  Convent  one  messuage  and 
30  acres  (i.e.  two  oxgangs)  at  Hartwith. 


The  family  continued  to  be  tenants  and  ser- 
vants at  the  abbey  granges  until  the  Dis- 
solution, holding  then  Sykesforth  Grange. 
They  intermarried  with  the  Askwiths  of 
Pot  Grange  and  of  Hampsthwaite. 

I  remember  having  read  somewhere  that 
the  novelist  himself  once  visited  Hamps- 
thwaite, and  was  shown  over  the  church  by 
one  of  his  own  name  and  race,  but  did  not 
make  himself  known.  He  probably  also 
did  not  know  of  the  existence  of  the  place 
whose  name  he  bore,  nor  that  he  was  then 
so  near  it — a  six-mile  drive  across  a  bold 
and  picturesque  country  with  fine  views. 

The  name  has  been  found  spelt  in  many 
different  ways,  but  it  is  a  pity  that  the  w, 
though  hardly  sounded,  should  have  dropped 
out  in  most  cases  ;  sometimes  qu  was  used 
for  it.  "  Wrey  "  would  seem  to  have  meant 
at  one  time  something  more  than  a  corner,, 
in  fact  a  small  meadow  of  irregular  shape,, 
or  an  angular  strip  of  ground,  or  even  a 
sharp  turn  in  a  road.  To  judge  from  the- 
Ordnance  map,  there  appears  to  have  been 
at  Thackery  such  a  meadow,  within  the  bend 
of  the  stream  at  the  back  of  the  house. 
Mr.  Walbran  gives  these  instances  :  "a 
close  of  medoo  called  Thakeley  wrey,  con- 
taining by  estimation  xv  acres  "  !  (at  Aid- 
burgh  Grange),  and  "  one  close  of  medoo 
callid  Barkhouse  wray." 

Sometimes  the  word  is  used  in  the  plural^ 
as  "  The  Wrays  "  in  Escrick,  which  I  have 
seen  spelt  in  deeds  "Wreays"  and  "Rayes." 
Here  a  by-road  goes  up  and  down  over  a  low 
ridge,  reminding  one  of  the  original  meaning 
of  "to  rise "  (see  Prof.  Skeat's  '  Etymo- 
logical Dictionary  ' )  having  been  to  rise  and 
fall  as  well.  "  Dunmail  Raise  "  in  the  Lake 
District  is  an  example.  "  Wry  "  seems  to 
have  a  distinct  root.  Perhaps  "  wray " 
may  have  once  meant  uneven  ground  where 
at  first  even  a  scythe  would  be  useless. 

A.  S.  ELLIS. 

Westminster. 


BEWICKIANA. 

As  my  queries  at  10  S.  ix.  307  elicited  only 
one  reply — that  from  MR.  D.  CROAL  THOM- 
SON (p.  394) — perhaps  I  may  be  permitted 
to  give  what  information  I  have  been  able 
to  glean  since. 

The  cut  of  the  'Farmyard,'  the  head- 
piece to  the  Introduction  to  vol.  i.  of  '  The 
Birds  '  in  the  eighth  (1847)  and  "  Memorial  " 
(1885)  editions,  is  no  doubt  an  entirely  new 
engraving,  but  why  the  flight  of  fieldfares 
was  reversed  remains  unexplained. 


-284 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [11  s.  iv.  OCT.  7, 1911. 


The  copperplate  engraving  '  Bird-Catching 

-at  Orkney  '  I  find  was  published  in  Pennant's 

•'  Arctic  Zoology,'  first  edition,  1784  (second 
edition  1792),  and  copied  in  The  European 
Magazine  for  May,  1785  ;  but  each  of  those 
plates  differs  from  mine  in  the  size  of  the 

.engraved  surface. 

The  net  on  the  hind- quarters  of  the  horse 
in  the  tail-piece  at  p.  254,  vol.  i.  of  '  The 
Birds,'  first  edition,  1797,  is  intended  to 

•  catch  the  dung  for  manure  ;  but  I  should 
like  to  know  if  this  was  a  common  practice 
in  Bewick's  time,  or  merely  a  bit  of  his 
humour. 

J.  G.  Bell  states  in  his  '  Catalogue  of 
Bewick's  Works,'  1851,  that  no  demy  copies 
of  the  second  (1805)  edition  of  '  The  Birds  ' 
were  printed,  but  in  the  appendix  to  Bewick's 
memoir,  1862,  p.  341,  a  letter  to  Mrs.  M. 
(London),  dated  20  May,  1805,  is  given,  in 
which  Bewick  says,  "  A  second  edition  of 
both  volumes  of  'The  Birds'  is  now  at 
press"  ;  and  in  the  letter  to  Messrs.  Vernor, 
Hood  &  Sharpe,  dated  14  September,  1805, 
given  in  full  in  Mr.  D.  C.  Thomson's  '  Life 
and  Works  of  Thomas  Bewick,'  1882,  Bewick 
says,  "  A  new  edition,  consisting  of  500  sets 
of  the  '  British  Birds,'  in  two  volumes 
demy,  is  now  ready  for  delivery" — evi- 

.  dently  the  edition  referred  to  in  the  letter 
to  Mrs.  M.  (the  original  of  the  latter  letter 

as  now  in  the  Hornby  Library,  Liverpool). 

I  think  the  explanation  is  that  there  was 
undoubtedly,  as  Bewick  states,  an  edition 
demy  8vo  size  printed  in  1805,  but  consisting 
of  a  copy  of  the  1805  edition  of  vol.  i.  and 

.an  exact  reprint  of  the  first  (1804)  edition 
of  vol.  ii.,  both  of  the  volumes  being  dated 
1804.  I  have  two  volumes  as  described 
bound  alike,  but  of  course  that  does  not 
prove  that  they  were  issued  together.  Of 
the  second  (1805)  edition  of  vol.  ii.  there  do 
not  appear  to  have  been  any  demy  copies, 
none  being  known  to  be  in  existence. 

Mr.  D.  C.  Thomson  at  p.  191  of  his  '  Life  ' 
says  :  "It  may  be  useful  to  note  that  the 
first  volumes  of  '  The  Birds  '  which  bear  the 

.date  1804  are  simply  second  (1805)  editions 
with  a  different  title-page."  This  is  so  in 
the  case  of  the  demy  copies,  as  stated  above  ; 
but  there  is  another  edition  of  vol.  i.,  royal 
8vo,  dated  1804,  which  must  have  been 
issued  later  than  1805,  as  it  contains  all  the 
additional  cuts  that  are  given  in  the  1816 
edition.  The  companion  vol.  ii.,  royal  8vo, 
is  also  dated  1804,  but  is  a  reprint  of  the 
first  edition  of  that  date,  with  the  exception 
of  the  tail-pieces  at  pp.  136  and  269,  which 

.  are  in  the  second  state. 


The  Addenda  to  the  '  British  Birds  '  on 
seven  pages,  with  four  figures  of  birds,  and 
two  tail-pieces,  printed  by  Edw.  Walker 
and  undated,  must  have  been  printed  after 
May,  1822,  as  that  date  is  referred  to  in  the 
text  on  p.  1.  They  were  really  Addenda 
to  the  two  supplements  published  sepa- 
rately in  1821  ;  and  the  cuts  of  the  three 
land  birds,  one  water  bird,  and  two  tail- 
pieces, with  the  text  descriptive  of  them, 
were  included  in  the  supplements  (still 
dated  1821),  and  usually  bound  up  with 
the  fifth  (1821)  edition  of  'The  Birds,'  but 
sometimes  with  other  editions. 

WHITE  LINE. 


NAPOLEON  RELIC  IN  INDIA. — There  has 
been  some  correspondence  recently  in  The 
Times  and  other  papers  with  respect  to  the 
discovery  of  a  sketch  by  Capt.  Marryat  of 
Napoleon,  and  the  following  note  of  another 
sketch  of  him  may  interest  readers  of 
'  N.  &  Q.' 

Many  years  ago  in  India  an  officer  then 
in  command  of  the  fort  of  Chunar,  near 
Benares,  showed  me  a  small  oil  sketch  of  the 
head  of  the  Emperor  on  a  pillow  surrounded 
by  clouds.  On  the  back  of  the  canvas 
was  pasted  a  piece  of  paper  which  had  been 
partially  destroyed  by  white  ants,  on  which 
could  still  be  deciphered  the  legend,  written 
in  a  very  fine  foreign  hand,  "  Esquisse 
cinq  heures  apres  la  mort  en  presence  du 
General  B nd." 

The  history  of  the  painting  related  to  me 
by  the  owner  amounted  to  this  only.  A 
sergeant  of  Artillery  had  said  to  him  : 
"  Sir,  you  like  old  things,  and  in  the  bazaar 
there  is  an  old  picture  that  may  suit  you." 
This  was  the  sketch,  which  was  bought  for 
a  song.  I  forget  the  particular  bazaar,  but 
think  it  was  in  Northern  India. 

It  seems  probable  that  the  sketch  was 
made  by  Madame  Bertrand,  and  that  it  was 
made  in  the  presence  of  her  husband,  the 
General.  I  saw  it  mentioned  lately  that 
Madame  Bertrand  was  something  of  an 
artist,  and  that  on  the  Bellerophon  she 
made  a  sketch  of  the  Emperor  which  she 
gave  to  a  naval  officer  on  board. 

But  how  can  we  account  for  this  sketch 
in  an  Indian  bazaar  ?  Those  who  years 
ago  amused  themselves  by  hunting  for 
curiosities  in  the  bazaars  of  Upper  India  will 
remember  the  variety  of  interesting  objects 
with  which  the  search  was  occasionally 
rewarded.  I  have  myself  rescued  several 
small  objects  which  told  the  sad  tale  of 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  7,  mi.]          NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


285 


plunder  during  the  Mutiny,  and  I  was  able 
to  restore  to  the  family  a  miniature  of  a 
poor  lady  who  was  one  of  the  many 
victims. 

The  presence  of  the  Napoleonic  relic  may 
possibly  be  thus  explained.  Mr.  Fraser, 
the  Resident  at  Delhi,  who  was  assassinated 
there  some  little  time  before  the  Mutiny, 
was,  it  was  related,  a  great  admirer  of 
Napoleon.  He  visited  him  at  St.  Helena 
when  going  home  on  furlough,  and  made 
the  prisoner  a  present  of  his  library.  In 
recognition  of  this,  Napoleon  sent  Fraser 
his  bust  by  Canova,  and  his  Cross  of  the 
Legion  of  Honour.  On  Fraser' s  death  these 
came  into  the  possession  of  his  successor 
Sir  T.  Metcalfe  (a  brother  of  Lord  Metcalfe), 
from  whom  they  descended  to  his  son  Sir 
T.  Metcalfe,  who  was  magistrate  of  Delhi 
at  the  time  of  the  Mutiny,  and  the  story  of 
whose  escape  will  be  remembered  by  some 
of  your  readers.  After  the  siege,  the  bust 
was  found  in  the  Metcalfe  house  at  Delhi 
and  the  Cross  of  the  Legion  of  Honour  in  a 
drawer  of  an  old  bureau,  where  it  had  escaped 
the  notice  of  the  plunderers.  It  seems  not 
improbable  that  the  sketch  above  alluded 
to  may  have  formed  part  of  a  Napoleonic 
collection  of  Fraser' s.  The  Cross,  I  may 
mention,  came  later  into  the  possession  of 
Lady  Clive  Bayley,  daughter  of  Sir  T. 
Metcalfe,  who  was  good  enough  to  show  it 
to  me  on  more  than  one  occasion. 

The  purchaser  of  the  picture  in  the  bazaar 
had  a  shrewd  notion  of  its  value,  as  he 
offered  it  to  me  at  the  time  at  a  price  far 
beyond  what  I  was  inclined  to  give. 

J.  H.  RIVETT-CARNAC. 

Schloss  Rothberg,  Rougemont,  Switzerland. 

"  CH  "  :  ITS  PRONUNCIATION  IN  EARLY 
ENGLISH. — It  is  worth  noting  that  the  pro- 
nunciation of  the  ch  in  Early  English  was 
precisely  that  of  the  modern  ch  in  church. 
Thus  the  statement  made  ante,  p.  233,  col.  2, 
that  "  the  Saxon  after  the  Conquest  would 
pronounce  the  ch  as  sh ;  we  say  '  cat,' 
the  Frenchman  chat"  is  evidently  founded 
on  the  assumption  that  the  Norman  sounded 
ch  as  in  modern  French.  Yet  English  has 
preserved  a  large  number  of  words  which 
prove  the  contrary,  such  as  chafe,  chain, 
chair,  chalice,  chamber,  &c.  The  pronuncia- 
tion of  ch  as  sh,  as  in  champagne,  chamois, 
and  the  like,  is  only  possible  in  the  case  of 
words  borrowed  from  French  in  compara- 
tively modern  times  ;  suppose  we  say, 
after  1500.  The  Early  English  ch  was  never 
pronounced  as  sh,  either  in  native  or  Norman 
words. 


The  only  difficulty  that  can  arise  is  in  the 
case  of  Domesday  Book  and  some  very  early 
Norman  documents,  in  which  we  often  find 
ch  used  to  denote  the  sound  of  k  when  the^ 
vowel  e  or  i  follows,  precisely  as  in  modern 
Italian.  All  this  has  been  explained  more' 
than  once,  as,  e.g.,  in  an  article  at  the  end 
of  my  '  Notes  on  English  Etymology.'  Seer 
also  the  article  on  ch  in  the  '  N.E.D.' 

WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

STATUES  IN  LONDON  :  WILLIAM  III.  AND 
RICHARD  I. — '  Haydn's  Dictionary  of  Dates ' 
(25th  ed.,  1910)  gives  a  list  of  the  "  chief 
statues  in  London,"  but  omits  that  of 
William  III.,  which  was  presented  by  the 
German  Emperor  in  1907,  and  afterwards 
set  up  in  front  of  Kensington  Palace,  a  very 
appropriate  place  for  it.  But  it  is  in  the 
middle  of  a  locked  enclosure,  and  although  I 
have  a  tolerably  long  sight,  I  could  not  read 
the  inscription,  except  the  first  line,  "  William 
III."  I  was  glad,  therefore,  to  see  the  late 
MR.  HARLAND  -  OXLEY'S  transcript  of  it 
at  10  S.  x.  371.  He  remarks  that 
it  is,  "I  fancy,  a  trifle  too  far  off  for 
comfortable  inspection  or  perusal  of  the 
inscription  ;  at  least  I  found  it  to  be  so.'r 
Surely  this  arrangement  ought  to  be  altered  ;. 
an  inscription  should  be  in  a  place  where  it 
can  be  read  by  all. 

The  '  Dictionary,'  besides  omitting  this- 
statue  from  its  list,  gives  that  of  Richard  I, 
twice  over,  describing  one  as  "in  Old  Palace 
Yard,"  and  the  other  as  "  near  Westminster 
Abbey."  W.  T.  LYNN. 

Blackheath. 

LEARNED  HORSES. — We  had  the  German 
Hans  a  short  time  ago  among  us.  Jonson- 
mentions 

Old  Banks  the  juggler,  our  Pythagoras, 

Grave  tutor  to  the  learned  horse. 

Dr.  Hudson  in  a  note  to  '  Love's  Labour's 
Lost'  ("Era  Shakespeare,"  p.  15),  quoting 
this  epigram  and  Sir  Kenelm  Digby's  state- 
ment as  to  what  the  beast  could  do,  adds 
that  Banks,  with  his  horse,  is  said  to  have 
had  a  narrow  escape  from  the  Capuchins, 
who  suspected  him  of  being  in  league  with 
the  devil. 

Adam  Kiraly  de  Szathmar,  a  Hungarian 
traveller,  has  left  us  information  about  an 
English  horse  which  he  saw  performing  in 
the  fair  at  Saint-G ermain  in  1 7 1 7.  The  beast 
could  correctly  tell  the  time,  the  value  of  a 
coin,  and  the  number  o  pips  on  a  card, 
giving  its  answers  by  knocks  on  a  board 
with  its  hoof,  and  then  restore  the  coin  to  the 
owner,  and  the  card  to  the  individual  who* 


286 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  7,  ion. 


drew  it  from  the  pack,  "  without  being  told 
who  they  were." 

It  could  "  distinguish  colours,  persons, 
and  names  of  kings  "  ;  could  drink  like  a 
human  being,  drink  and  sit  up  like  a  dog, 
and  finally  went  round  and  begged  for  alms. 

L.  L.  K. 

[LADY  RUSSELL  contributed  at  10  S.  ii.  281 
a  very  interesting  article  on  Banks  and  his  wonder- 
ful horse,  drawn  forth  by  a  short  note  on  Hans,  the 
German  prodigy,  by  our  late  Editor.] 

THE  BELLS  OF  BOSHAM. — There  are  numer- 
ous legends  of  bells  that  have  been  stolen 
and  that  have  proved  too  heavy  a  burden 
for  the  vessel  that  was  to  bear  them  away. 
There  are  stories,  too,  of  subaqueous  bells 
that  are  yet  able  to  ring  a  message  to  the 
world  above — perhaps,  as  some  one  remarks, 
because  they  are  wringing  wet — but  the 
mode  in  which  the  Bosham  bells  are  to  be 
recovered  is,  to  me,  a  novel  expedient, 
and  I  feel  sure  that  the  following  para- 
graph, furnished  by  The  Morning  Post 
of  16  September,  will  be  read  with  interest 
by  some  of  the  brotherhood  of  *  N.  &  Q.' 
now,  and  by  many  a  searcher  in  its  pages  in 
later  times  : — 

"The  architectural  worker  will  find  in  Bosham 
Church  a  wealth  of  interesting  matter  ;  it  is  Early 
Norman,  or  possibly  late  Saxon,  in  parts,  and  at 
any  rate  has  several  different  architectural  styles 
well  illustrated  and  one  or  two  unique  features. 
The  lover  of  legend  will  be  told  of  the  fate  of  the 
earlier  bells — how  the  Danes,  driving  up  the  river 
in  their  black  war-galleys,  harried  and  burned  and 
pillaged,  taking  with  them  the  bells  of  the  church, 
which  by  the  anger  of  the  gods  were  made  to  pierce 
a  hole  through  and  sink  the  ships,  while  they  them- 
selves found  rest  at  the  bottom  of  the  creek. 
Legend  also  tells  that  any  successful  attempt  to 
raise  the  bells  must  be  made  by  the  aid  of  a  team 
of  absolutely  white  oxen.  On  one  occasion  a  bell 
was  brought  right  up  to  the  very  bank,  and  poised 
on  its  side,  but  it  fell  back  into  the  water  just  as 
another  pull  would  have  swayed  it  on  to  the  land, 
and  it  was  discovered  on  examination  that  there 
\vas  a  black  hair  in  the  coat  of  one  of  the  team. 
Superstitious  inhabitants  bid  you  listen  ts  the 
sound  of  the  submerged  bells  chiming  in  tune  to 
their  successors  in  the  adjoining  belfry." 

ST.   SWITHIN. 

CHURCH  CLOSED  ON  VICAR'S  DEATH. — 
It  used  to  be  the  custom — and  may  be  so 
still  in  some  places — for  persons  who  had 
lost  a  relative  to  stay  away  from  church 
should  a  Sunday  intervene  between  the 
death  and  the  funeral.  By  so  doing  they 
were  supposed  to  "  show  respect  to  the 
memory "  of  the  departed.  Many  years 
ago  I  heard  a  story  in  which  this  custom 
reached  the  climax  of  absurdity,  for  on  the 


death  of  a  certain  clergyman  the  church- 
wardens shut  up  the  church  in  token  of 
respect !  This  I  took  to  be  a  fiction. 

But  a  correspondent  of  The  Church  Times 
has  sent  to  that  paper  a  copy  of  a  broadsheet, 
which  runs  as  follows  : — 

In  consequence  of  the  lamented  death  of  the 

Rev.  J.  Kirk, 

the  Churchwardens  have  thought  it  proper,  as  a 
mark  of  respect  to  his  memory,  that  Divine 
Service  should  not  be  performed  in  St.  Mary's 
Church,  until  after  his  interment,  which  will  not 
take  place  before  the  ensuing  week. 

Scarborough,  Nov.  9th,  1827. 
The  correspondent  adds  :     "I  think  the 
accompanying  gem  deserves  to  be  put  on 
record."     And  so  think  I. 

E.  L.  H.  TEW. 
Upham  Rectory. 

THE  CASSITERIDES,  SCILLY  ISLES,  AND 
LYONESSE.  —  Herodotus.  Pliny,  Strabo, 
Festus  Avienus,  Tacitus,  Diodorus  Siculus, 
and  Publius  Crassus  all  contain  allusions  to 
the  Cassiterides.  Among  more  modern 
writers  on  the  subject  I  have  noted  the 
following  : — 

Leland,  'Itinerary'  (1533). 

Camden,  '  Britannia '  (1599). 

Carew,  '  Survey  of  Cornwall '  (1602). 

Robert  Heath,  '  Cornwall  and  the  Isles  of  Scilly ' 
(1750). 

Rev.  John  Troutbeck,  'Scilly'  (1751). 

Borlase,  'Antiquities'  (1754). 

Borlase,  '  Observations  on  the  Scilly  Isles  '  (1756). 

Gilbert  White,  '  Natural  History  and  Antiquities 
of  Selborne.' 

Da  vies  Gilbert,  '  History  of  Cornwall.' 

Hitchins  and  Drew,  'History  of  Cornwall '  (1817). 

Yarrell,  '  British  Birds.' 

Rev.  I.  W.  North,  'A  Week  in  the  Isles  of 
Scilly '(1850). 

Walter  Cooper  Dendy,  '  The  Beautiful  Islets  of 
Britaine '  (1860). 

J.  O.  Halliwell,  *  Rambles  in  Western  Cornwall 
by  the  Footsteps  of  the  Giants,  with  Notes  on  the 
Celtic  Remains  of  the  Land's  End  District  and  the 
Islands  of  Scilly '(1861). 

Dr.  G.  Smith,  'Cassiterides'  (1863). 

Sir  Walter  Besant,  '  Armorel  of  Lyonesse. 

Baring-Gould,  '  Book  of  the  West.' 

T.  Thornton  Macklin,  M.D.,  4  The  Climate  of  the 
Isles  of  Scilly.' 

Great  Western  Railway  Company,  '  The  Cornish 
Riviera '  (1905). 

Transactions  of  the  Geological  Society  of  Corn- 
wall. 

J.  C.  Tonkin  and  Prescott  Row,  '  Lyonesse,'  with 
preface  by  Sir  Walter  Besant  (the  Homeland 
Handbook  of  the  Isles  of  Scilly,  1906). 

Robert  Shackleton,  '  The  Strangest  Corner  of 
England'  (Harper's  Magazine,  some  time  between 
1904  and  1910). 

Q  (A.  T.  Quiller-Couch),  'Major  Vigoureux' 
(about  1907). 

J.  Harris  Stone,  'England's  Riviera'  (1909). 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  7,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


287 


J.  Gaming  Walters,  '  The  Lost  Land  of  King 
Arthur '(1909). 

Henry  Sharpe,  '  Britain  B.C.,  as  described  in 
Classical  Writings '  (?  1910). 

RONALD  DIXON. 

46,  Marlborough  Avenue,  Hull. 

WYMONDLEY  TRADITION  AND  JULIUS 
CAESAR. — The  celebrated  chestnut  tree,  esti- 
mated to  be  between  600  and  800  years  old, 
which  stands  in  the  field  adjoining  Wymond- 
ley  Bury,  and  was  illustrated  by  Gilpin  in 
his  '  Forest  Scenery,'  1789,  has  a  tradition 
attached  to  it.  It  is  to  the  effect  that  the 
tree  was  planted  by  Julius  Caesar  in  B.C.  55 
to  mark  the  extent  of  his  first  invasion  of 
Britain. 

This  belief  seems  worthy  of  some  investiga- 
tion, as  oral  tradition  nearly  always  pos- 
sesses some  basis  of  fact.  Csesar,  we  are 
told,  remained  in  Britain  on  the  first  occa- 
sion some  three  weeks  only,  so  it  is  scarcely 
possible  that  he  could  have  advanced  so 
far  northwards  as  this.  His  camp  was  in 
the  neighbourhood  of  the  South  Foreland, 
where  his  fleet  lay  at  anchor. 

His  second  invasion  took  place  the  follow- 
ing year  (B.C.  54)  :  he  landed  in  March, 
took  among  other  places  Verulamium,  and 
returned  home  in  September.  It  seems 
quite  possible  that  he  did  not  march  further 
east  than  Wymondley,  and  he  may  have 
erected  some  sort  of  a  boundary  mark, 
perhaps  of  earth,  to  indicate  the  extent  of 
his  conquest,  and  the  tree  in  question  may 
stand  near  the  site  of  it.  W.  B.  GEBISH. 

Bishop's  Stortford. 

'  CJESAR'S  DIALOGUE,  1601. — A  rare  book 
is  named  as  among  the  Church  goods  of  St. 
Columb,  Cornwall,  in  1601.  In  the  accounts 
I  find  :  "  one  booke  called  Cesar's  Dyologe, 
one  new  booke  of  prayer  for  the  fastinge 
and  cominge  to  Church  on  the  Wednesday." 

This  reference  to  the  '  Dialogue  '  is  the 
only  one  I  know  in  parish  accounts,  and  its 
occurrence  may  be  worth  noting.  The  full 
title  is  '  Caesar's  Dialogue  ;  or,  a  Familiar 
Consultation,  containing  the  first  Institu- 
tion of  a  Subject,  in  allegiance  to  his  Sove- 
raigne,'  London,  1601.  On  the  title-page  is 
"  Give  therefore  to  Caesar,"  &c.  The  Preface 
(16  pp.)  is  signed  E.  N.  ;  the  *  Dialogue  '  (on 
the  subject  of  sedition)  runs  to  132  pp.  The 
B.M.  Catalogue  gives  E.  Nisbet  as  author. 

YGBEC. 

"  AS  DARK  AS  A  STACK  OP  BLACK  CATS  " 
is  an  expression  used  by  the  boatmen  of 
Western  America,  meaning  very  dark. 

O.  H.  DARLINGTON. 

Pittsburg,  Pa. 


(SJmms. 

WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


"I     AM     PAID     REGULAR     WAGES  ":       THE 

PASSIVE  WITH  AN  OBJECT.  —  The  sentence 
"  I  am  paid  regular  wages  "  is  a  curious 
construction  for  various  reasons.  First, 
for  its  want  of  logicalness.  Prof.  Th.  Peck 
in  '  What  is  Good  English  ?  '  condemns 
it  as  "a  preposterous  locution."  It  is  a 
passive  construction  with  an  object,  a  thing 
otherwise  unheard  of  mT  grammar.  That 
the  part  after  the  verb  is  such  is  asserted 
by  Prof.  A.  Smith,  who  in  his  '  Studies  in 
English  Syntax  '  says  : — 

A  man  who  had  adopted  two  children,  Robert 


was  given  ner  by  ner  guardian.     To  my 
objective  is  the  only  case  possible,  he  and  she  being 
absolutely  un-English." 

The  him  and  her  sound  to  my  ear  un-English 
too,  but  I  must  leave  the  responsibility  for 
them  to  the  American  scholar. 

Grammarians  have  tried  to  account  for 
the  construction  by  supposing  a  misunder- 
standing of  an  older  one  :  me  wees  gegiefen 
an  &6fc  =  "to  me  was  given  a  book."  The 
position  of  the  dative  in  front  of  the  predi- 
cate, which  is  the  usual  place  of  the  subject, 
led — they  say — to  its  being  taken  for  the 
subject ;  it  was  therefore  changed  to  /. 
The  position  of  book  immediately  after  the 
predicate — that  is,  in  the  usual  place  of  the 
object — led  to  its  being  taken  for  the 
object. 

Misunderstandings  are  common  in  every 
language.  But  one  must  ask  oneself  why 
such  a  simple  construction  as  the  above 
could  ever  be  misinterpreted,  even  by  very 
plain  minds.  And  if  such  a  thing  ever 
happened,  how  came  it  that  the  original 
and  logical  one  was  kept  by  the  side  of  the 
new  one  ?  It  is  still  good  English  to  say 
"  a  book  was  given  to  me,"  and  this  is  by 
many  regarded  as  the  better  English.  The 
frequent  hearing  of  this  should  preserve 
anybody  from  misunderstanding  clear  sen- 
tences. 

But  this  is  not  all.  Why  has  the  con- 
struction been  restricted  to  a  score  of  verbs  : 
accord,  afford,  allow,  ask,  give,  hand, 
make  ("I  was  made  amends"),  offer, 
pardon,  pay,  promise,  refuse,  show,  spare, 
teach,  tell,  and  a  few  more  ?  Why  is  one 


288 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         in  s.  iv.  OCT.  7,  mi. 


not  allowed  to  say  "  I  was  sold  a  book," 
"  I  was  lent  a  book  "  ?  I  have  a  feeling 
that  the  Irish  use  the  construction  on  a 
more  extensive  scale,  but  I  may  be  mis- 
taken. What  I  should  like  to  ask  my 
fellow-readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  is  this  :  Do  they 
regard  the  construction  as  legitimate,  and 
do  the  bulk  of  educated  English  persons 
use  it  without  scruple  ?  In  some  cases,  as 
in  "  I  was  given  to  understand,"  no  choice 
even  seems  to  me  to  be  left.  Do  the  un- 
educated use  the  form  ?  Is  there  a  ten- 
dency noticeable  to  extend  it  to  verbs  which 
as  yet  have  not  come  within  its  sphere  ? 
Are  the  names  of  things  also  made  its 
subject  ?  Do  people  feel  the  word  after 
the  predicate  to  be  an  object  ? 

G.  KRUEGER. 
Berlin. 

"  JERUSALEM-GARTERS." — What  are  Jeru- 
salem-garters ?  Sir  Daniel  Fleming  paid 
in  May,  1682,  in  London,  12s.  for  clouded 
silk-stockings  and  Jerusalem-garters.  The 
'  N.E.D.'  gives  no  help  under  either  word. 
JOHN  R.  MAGRATH. 

Queen's  College,  Oxford. 

'  THE  VELVET  CUSHION.' — I  have  an 
interesting  little  book  entitled  '  The  Velvet 
Cushion.'  It  was  published  anonymously 
with  this  imprint  :  "  London  :  Printed  for 
T.  Cadeir  and  W.  Davies,  Strand  ;  By  G. 
Sidney,  Northumberland-street.  1814." 

Can  any  one  tell  me  the  name  of  the 
author  ?  ARTHUR  LOWNDES. 

143,  East  37th  Street,  New  York. 

[Halkett  and  Laing  state  that  the  author  was 
the  Rev.  J.  W.  Cunningham  of  St.  John's  College, 
Cambridge.] 

JANE  AUSTEN'S  '  PERSUASION.' — In  '  Per- 
suasion '  some  expressions  and  allusions 
occur  that  are  difficult  to  understand  at  the 
present  day.  Any  light  that  can  be  thrown 
on  the  following  will  be  acceptable. 

1.  "  She  only  came  on  foot  to  leave  more 
room  for  the  harp,  which  was  bringing  in 
the  carriage  "    (chap.  vi.). — I  do  not  find  the 
intransitive  use  of  "to  bring  "  noted  in  any 
of   the  larger    dictionaries  ;      can   the   word 
be  so  used  ?    Here  it  sounds  like  a  provin- 
cialism, the  sense  being  that  of  "  coming  "  or 
"  being  brought." 

2.  "I    should    recommend    Gowland.... 
You  see  how  it  has  carried  away  her  freckles  " 
(chap.  xvi.). — Was  this  a  specific  made  from 
the  gowland  or  golland,  i.e.  buttercup,  or  was 
it  called  after  the  name  of  the  manufacturer  ? 

3.  "  She  has  a  blister  on  one  of  her  heels 
as  large  as   a  three-shilling  piece"    (chap, 
xviii.). — There    was    a    seven- shilling    piece 


current  from  1797  to  1813;  was  the  three- 
shilling  piece  in  use  also  between  these  dates, 
and  what  was  its  history  ? 

4.  Who  was  the  "  inimitable  Miss 
Larolles,"  mentioned  in  chap.  xx.  ?  The 
Emma  and  Henry  alluded  to  in  chap.  xii. 
are  characters  in  T.  Morton's  play  '  Speed  the 
Plough.'  N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

28TH  REGIMENT  AT  CAPE  ST.  VINCENT. — 
A  portion  of  the  28th  Regiment  was  de- 
tached to  serve  as  marines,  under  the  com- 
mand of  Lieut. -Col.  the  Hon.  Edward 
Paget,  in  Sir  John  Jervis  s  fleet,  and  par- 
ticipated in  the  naval  action  off  Cape  St. 
Vincent  in  1797.  Can  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
kindly  tell  me  the  name  of  the  ship  in  which 
the  detachment  served  ? 

CLAUDE  PAGET. 

The  White  House,  Exmouth. 

75TH  REGIMENT  AT  DELHI. — Does  any 
regimental  history  exist  of  the  old  75th 
Regiment  of  the  Line,  now  the  second 
battalion  of  the  Gordon  Highlanders  ?  Or 
can  any  reader  recommend  me  a  history  of 
the  Indian  Mutiny  in  which  the  part  of 
this  particular  regiment  in  the  storming 
of  Delhi,  &c.,  is  fully  and  exactly  described  ? 
I  wish  to  trace  the  actual  services  of  a  cor- 
poral or  sergeant  who  probably  took  part 
in  these  historic  incidents.  F.  A.  W. 

ANNIE  KEARY'S  '  LAST  DAY  or  FLOWERS/ 
— Can  any  of  your  readers  tell  me  where  a 
poem  by  Annie  Keary,  called  '  The  Last 
Day  of  Flowers,'  is  to  be  found  ?  It  begins  : 

Brother,  before  we  go  to  bed 

Let's  run  to  the  garden  gate, 

And  gather  a  bunch  of  cuckoo-flowers  : 

To-morrow  'twill  be  too  late. 

It  was  published,  I  think,  in  a  Mid- Vic- 
torian collection  of  children's  poems. 

MARY  R.  ROBINSON. 
Watford. 

ST.  FRIDESWIDE  or  OXFORD. — I  shall  be 
obliged  for  reference  to  any  old  MS.  lives 
of  this  saint  in  any  library  or  private  col- 
lection. Those  at  the  B.M.,  Bodleian,  and 
Cambridge  University  Library  have  been 
consulted.  In  a  sale  of  Phillipps  MSS., 
June,  1893,  lot  658,  a  volume  of  lives  of 
English  and  other  female  saints,  was  pur- 
chased by  Mr.  Quaritch,  and  ultimately 
was  secured  by  a  Mr.  Seveson  or  Siveson. 
Can  any  one  identify  this  collector,  and 
inform  me  if  his  library  is  still  intact  ? 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  7,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


289 


NAPOLEON'S  "  GUARD." — Will  some  o 
your  correspondents  give  me  information 
as  to  the  composition  of  the  famous 
"Guard"  ?  I  presume  that  it  was,  like 
the  Roman  "  legio,"  a  small  army  in  itself 
comprising  horse,  foot,  and  artillery.  But 
on  what  principle  were  the  regiments  forming 
it  selected  ?  One  reads  of  the  8th  Hussars 
of  the  Guard,  or  the  5th  Cuirassiers  (or  what- 
ever number  it  may  be)  of  the  Guard.  Also, 
when,  or  in  what  circumstances,  was  the 
"  Young  Guard  "  enrolled  ? 

E.  L.  H.  TEW. 
Upham  Rectory. 

"  AS   SURE  AS    GOD  MADE  LITTLE  APPLES." 

— I  recently  heard  this  saying  twice  in  the 
same  week  in  the  Manchester  district.  Is 
the  expression  modern  and  local,  or  com- 
paratively well  established  in  our  literature  ? 
Are  there  many  variants  of  the  same  idea 
extant  ?  M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

Percy  House,  South  Hackney. 

BENJAMIN  DEAN  WYATT. — I  should  be 
glad  to  ascertain  the  full  dates  of  his  birth 
and  death.  Who  was  his  mother  ?  Was  he 
ever  married  ?  The  '  Diet.  Nat.  Biog.,' 
Ixiii.  180,  does  not  give  the  desired  infor- 
mation. G.  F.  R.  B. 

"  OLD  CLEM  "  :  '  GREAT  EXPECTATIONS.' 
—The  allusion  to  "  Old  Clem "  by  ST. 
S  WITHIN  (ante,  p.  196)  leads  me  to  ask, 
Are  the  words  of  the  song  to  which  Dickens 
refers  in  chap,  xii  of  'Great  Expectations' 
obtainable  ?  It  will  be  remembered  that 
"  Joe  used  to  hum  fragments  of  (a  song)  at 
the  forge,  of  which  the  burden  was  Old 
Clem."  If  any  one  can  supply  the  actual 
words  of  this  ditty,  I  shall  be  grateful. 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

CHELVEY  CHURCH,  SOMERSET. — In  '  In- 
cised and  Sepulchral  Slabs  of  N.W.  Somer- 
setshire,' by  R.  W.  Paul,  1882,  it  is  said  :— 

"In  a  window  on  the  north  side  of  the  nave  are 
the  following  arms  in  painted  glass,  viz.,  Arg., 
between  3  leopards'  heads  gu.,  on  a  bar  sable,  a 
crescent  or,  impaling  Gu.,  3  bars  arg.  within  a 
bordure  of  the  last." 

I  should  be  glad  to  know  what  families 
these  arms  represent.  D.  K.  T. 

WOOD  ENGRAVING  AND  PROCESS  BLOCK. 
— Is  it  possible  to  tell  definitely  whether  an 
illustration  is  from  an  engraved  woodblock 
direct,  or  from  an  electro  facsimile  of  the 
block,  or  from  a  process  block  ?  The  last, 
I  understand,  can  only  be  printed  on  glazed 
or  "  plate  "  paper.  E.  N.  G. 


SPURRING  BOOK  -  PLATE.  —  Who  was 
Richard  .^Eneas  Spurring,  to  whom  the 
following  book-plate  belonged  ?  Azure,  a 
Calvary  cross  (3  steps)  or  Crest,  an  arm  in 
armour  embowed,  holding  a  falchion. 

ARTHUR  STEPHENS  DYER. 
207,  Kingston  Road,  Teddington. 

F.  KNIBBEL,  OR  KNIBBER,  OR  KNIBBE, 
is  the  signature  on  an  old  painting  in  my 
possession.  Any  information  regarding  the 
artist  is  kindly  requested. 

C.    SWYNNERTON. 

LIGHTFOOT  OF  BIRMINGHAM. — Can  any- 
body afford  me  information  concerning 
John  Lightfoot,  who  was  buried  in  a  vault 
of  St.  Bartholomew's,  Birmingham,  17  Octo- 
ber, 1810,  aged  71  years  ?  I  wish  to  dis- 
cover when  he  settled  in  Birmingham,  who 
was  his  father,  and  what  was  the  maiden 
name  of  his  wife  (Anchoret).  Any  infor- 
mation concerning  him  or  his  family  will 
be  welcome.  MARY  L.  PENDERED. 

AXFORD  FAMILY. — I  wish  to  discover 
whether  there  was  an  Isaac  Axford,  Court 
milliner,  in  Maddox  Street,  Bond  Street,  in 
the  early  part  of  the  nineteenth  century  ; 
and,  if  so,  what  relation  he  was  to  the  Isaac 
Axford  who  married  Hannah  Lightfoot 
in  1753  and  Mary  Bartlett  in  1759,  finally 
settling  in  Warminster.  Was  he  any  rela- 
tion of  Oliver  Axford,  a  silk  merchant 
living  in  Sloane  Square  about  1830  ? 

MARY  L.  PENDERED. 

EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY  SCHOOL-BOOK. — I 
should  be  glad  to  be  enabled  to  identify  a 
Dook,  of  which  I  have  what  is  evidently  the 
nain  portion,  pp.  5  to  194  inclusive,  but 
neither  the  title-page  nor  conclusion.  The 
size  is  12mo,  and  I  put  the  date  of  issue  at 
about  1775,  though  it  may  well  be  earlier. 
The  work  was  obviously  intended  for  a 
chool-book,  and  the  above  portion  contains 
chapters,  or  headings,  numbered  II.  to 
DLL,  all  printed  in  double  column,  English 
n  the  first  column,  and  Latin  equivalent  in 
)he  second,  with  a  wood  engraving,  one- 
;hird  the  size  of  the  duodecimo  page,  follow- 
ng  each  heading.  These  illustrations  -are 
of  an  interesting,  and  almost  cyclopaedic, 
character,  depicting  as  they  do  often  more 
than  a  dozen  of  the  objects  described,  or  the 
use  of  which  is  indicated,  in  the  English  and 
L,atin  text  underneath.  The  range  of  sub- 
uects  treated  is  too  long  to  give  in  detail, 
>ut  includes  the  earth  and  its  products, 
natural  history,  trades  and  occupations,  arts 
and  sciences,  amusements,  and  matters 


290 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         m  s.  iv.  OCT.  7,  IQII. 


religious  and  military.  The  woodcut  illus- 
trations remind  me  of  some  I  have  seen 
in  the  hieroglyphic  Bibles  of  the  eighteenth 
century  which  are  occasionally  met  with. 

W.  B.  H. 

ETHERINGTON  FAMILY  AND  PICKERING 
CASTLE. — I  wish  to  learn  the  history  of  the 
Etherington  family,  at  one  time  Governors 
of  Pickering  Castle,  Yorkshire,  latterly  of 
Driffield  and  Hull ;  also  the  parentage  of 
Joseph  Etherington,  born  1782,  died  at 
Preston  1839. 

Is  there  a  book  published  dealing  with 
Pickering  Castle  and  the  part  it  played 
during  the  Civil  Wars  ?  E.  E. 

KILBO. — What  is  the  meaning  of  this 
word,  which  appears  in  several  Scottish 
place-names  ?  A  property  near  Meigle,  in 
Perthshire,  is  called  Drumkilbo  ;  and  a 
corrie  in  Glen  Doll  Forest,  in  Forfarshire, 
is  known  as  Corrie  Kilbo.  Is  the  Tcil  derived 
from  the  Gaelic  till,  meaning  a  church,  or 
from  cul,  the  back,  or  coille,  a  wood  ?  Is 
the  bo  the  same  as  in  Skibo  and  Embo,  in 
Sutherlandshire,  which  Mr.  Johnston  (in  his 
'  Place  -  Names  of  Scotland  ')  derives  from 
the  Norse  bol,  a  dwelling  ?  T.  F.  D. 

BRITISH  ROYAL  ARMS  IN  MILAN. — On  the 
pavement  of  the  two  transepts  of  the 
Galleria  Vittorio  Emanuele  at  Milan,  built 
from  the  designs  of  Guiseppe  Mengoni  in 
1865-72,  there  are  two  mosaic  reproductions 
of  the  royal  arms  of  Great  Britain  and  Ire- 
land. On  the  pavement  of  the  main 
gallery  are  two  mosaic  reproductions  of  the 
royal  arms  of  the  house  of  Savoy.  Is  it 
the  fact  that  the  arcade  in  question  was 
built  by  a  British  company  ? 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

SPANISH  MOTTO. — I  should  like  a  transla- 
tion of  the  following  motto  :  "  La  Cabra 
ha  Tornado  la  Granada."  A.  MYNOTT. 


'  MA!TRE  GUERIN.'  —  In  Stevenson's  '  Vir- 
ginibus  Puerisque  '  we  read  :  "  '  What,  are 
you  afraid  of  marriage  ?  '  asks  Cecile  in 
'  Maitre  Guerin.'  '  Oh,  mon  Dieu,  non  !  ' 
replies  Arthur,  '  I  should  take  chloroform.'  ' 
Who  wrote  the  book  in  question  ? 

P.  C.  G. 


HEINE  AND  BYRON. — I  should  be  grateful 
if  any  of  your  readers  could  supply  me 
with  the  German  of  Heine's  translation  of 
Byron's  stanzas  in  '  Childe  Harold  '  com- 
mencing 

Adieu,  adieu,  my  native  land. 
Some  years  ago  I  bought  in  Leipsic  a  small 
pocket  edition  of  Heine's  lyrics  in  German 
which  contained  the  translation  referred  to, 
but  unfortunately  I  have  lost  the  book, 
and  have  been  unable  since  to  find  the  poem 
in  any  edition.  So  far  as  I  can  remember, 
Heine  translated  only  two  stanzas,  viz., 
the  first  and  last.  E.  N. 


['  Maitre  Guerin  '  was  a  comedy  by 
Augier,  produced  at  the  Com6die  Franchise  on 
28  December,  1864,  and  published  a  little  later. 
The  author  died  in  1889.] 

"  ASPINSHAW,  LEATHER  LANE,  LONDON." 
—  This  is  the  wording  of  the  maker's  name- 
plate  upon  an  old  printing  press  in  an  oak 
frame,  and  probably  of  late  eighteenth- 
century  construction.  Will  any  corre- 
spondent kindly  mention  the  date  when 
Aspinshaw's  name  occurs  in  London  Direc- 
tories ?  The  inquiry  made  at  10  S.  xi.  429 
has  remained  unansvrered. 

R.  OLIVER  HESLOP. 
Newcastle-upon-Tyne. 

j  "THOMAS  OLIVER,  BOND  STREET."  — 
The  name  occurs  in  a  document  dated  1785. 
Does  it  appear  in  a  London  Directory  of 
that  period  ;  and,  if  so,  what  was  his  occupa- 
tion ?  R.  OLIVER  HESLOP. 

Newcastle-upon-Tyne. 

THE  GRAND  KHAIBAR.  —  The  Daily  Journal 
of  20  July,  1725,  included  the  following 
among  its  London  news  :  — 

"  This  Day  comes  on  the  Election  of  Master  of 
the  Grand  Khaibar,  in  the  room  of  Mr.  Robert 
Prior,  deceased,  at  which  the  several  Members, 
Honorary  Brothers,  and  Candidates,  are  desired  to 
assist." 

Is  anything  known  of  the  history  of  this 
apparently  pseudo-Masonic  body  ? 

P.  G.  D. 

DIATORIC  TEETH.  —  What  is  the  derivation 
of  the  word  "  diatoric  "  as  applied  to  arti- 
ficial teeth  ?  M.  LETTS. 

ARNO  SURNAME.  —  Is  there  any  record  of 
a  family  of  this  name  in  this  country  ? 

A.  H.  ARKLE. 

PURVIS  SURNAME.  —  I  am  anxious  to  know 
the  derivation  and  meaning  of  the  surname 
Purvis,  which  appears  in  various  parts  of 
the  country,  but  chiefly  in  the  Border 
districts.  K.  P.  K. 

"  WALM  "  AS  A  STREET-NAME.  —  Can  any 
reader  tell  me  the  derivation  of  the  name 
"  walm,"  used  as  the  name  of  a  road  in  the 
north-west  of  London,  and  in  a  similar 
connexion  in  the  city  of  York  ? 

E.  A.  L. 


iis.  iv.  OCT.  v,  i9iL]          NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


291 


BRISTOL  M.P.'s  :    SIR  ARTHUR  HART 
AND    SIR    JOHN    KNIGHT. 

(US.  iv.  247.) 

I  THINK  DR.  MAGRATH  must  mean  Sir 
Richard  Hart.  He  and  Sir  John  Knight  (II. ) 
were  returned  for  Bristol  to  the  Convention 
and  the  first  Parliament  of  William  and 
Mary  in  1689.  Both  were  Tories.  Hart 
had  served  in  the  Parliaments  of  1681  and 
1685.  Knight  was  new  to  Parliament. 
Both  were  members  of  Bristol  Corporation, 
Hart  being  an  alderman,  and  having  served 
the  offices  of  Sheriff  and  Mayor  (1668  and 
1680  respectively).  He  died  16  January, 
1701/2. 

Knight  was  not,  so  far  as  I  know,  related 
to  the  man  of  the  same  name  who  served  in 
Charles  II. 's  Parliaments.  That  Knight 
became  "  Sir  "  in  1663,  and  died  on  16 
December,  1683,  aged  71. 

The  second  Sir  John  received  his  title  in 
1682.  The  two  were  active  members  of  the 
Corporation,  and  writers  of  Bristol  history 
have  found  it  very  difficult  to  avoid  confusing 
one  with  the  other.  The  second  was  the 
less  reputable  It  was  his  speech  that  was 
burnt  by  the  hangman,  although  there  is 
good  reason  for  doubting  his  capacity  to 
compose  it.  An  example  of  his  composition 
is  a  note  addressed  to  a  brother  alderman  : — 

"Sir  John  Knight  presents  his  compliments  to 
Sir  Richard  Crumpe,  and  have  a  hat  which  are  not 
mine.  If  you  has  a  hat  which  are  not  yourn  prob- 
ably it  are  the  missing  one." 

Knight  was  the  son  of  a  Bristol  sugar  refiner, 
and  died  in  February,  1718. 

There  is  in  existence  a  letter  written  by  the 
Duke  of  Beaufort  in  May,  1686,  informing 
Lord  Sunderland  that  he  has  let  the  Mayor 
and  magistrates  of  Bristol 

"  know  the  King's  resentment  of  their  late  proceed- 
ings there  and  of  Sir  John  Knight's  behaviour  both 
upon  this  and  other  occasions,  and  have  made  them 
such  an  exhortation  from  myselfe  as  I  thought 
proper." 

This  followed  a  persecution  of  a  small  Roman 
Catholic  congregation  in  the  city,  Sir  John 
Knight  being  chief  persecutor. 

There  was  a  seventeenth-century  Tory 
alderman  of  Bristol  named  Arthur  Hart 
(not  Sir  Arthur),  but  I  cannot  find  that  he 
ever  represented  the  city  in  Parliament. 
He  died  in  1705. 

If  DR.  MAGBATH  has  access  to  John  Lati- 
mer's  '  Annals  of  Bristol  in  the  Seventeenth 
Century,'  he  will  find  many  references  to 


Sir  Richard  Hart  and  the  two  Sir  John 
Knights.  Should  he  be  unable  to  consult 
the  volume,  I  might  perhaps  be  able  to 
send  him  further  information  on  particular 
points.  CHARLES  WELLS. 

134,  Cromwell  Road,  Bristol. 

Sir  Richard  (not  Sir  Arthur)  Hart,  M.P.  for 
Bristol  in  1681,  December,  1685-7,  1689-90, 
and  1690-95,  and  an  unsuccessful  candidate 
in  1695  and  1698,  was  of  Hanham,  Somerset, 
and  son  of  George  Hart,  sometime  Alderman 
and  Sheriff  of  Bristol,  who  died  in  1658. 
He  was  elected  a  Common  Councilman  of 
Bristol  in  1661  ;  Alderman  in  October, 

1680,  till  removed    13   June,    1686  ;     reap- 
pointed     17     October,      1688,     till     death. 
Knighted    at    Whitehall    27    October,    1680 
(see    Le    Neve,    p.    342).     Was    Sheriff    of 
Bristol  1668-9,  and  Mayor  1680-81.     Died 
16  January,  1701/2.     M.I.  in  St.  Nicholas's 
Church,  Bristol. 

Sir  John  Knight  senior,  M.P.  for  Bristol 
in  1660,  1661-79,  March-July,  1679,  and 
1679-81,  and  an  unsuccessful  candidate  in 

1681,  was,  as  stated  by  Le  Neve,  a  merchant 
of  Bristol,  and  third  son  of  George  Knight, 
merchant,     sometime     Alderman     and     (in 
1639-40)     Mayor     of     Bristol,      by    Anne, 
daughter   of  William  Dyos  of  Bristol.     He 
was    born    at    Bristol    in     1612  ;      elected 
Common    Councillor    in    September,     1650, 
and    Sheriff     on    15    September,    1660,   but 
was  then  excused  ;  Alderman,  April,  1662  ; 
Mayor     1663-4.       Knighted    5    September, 
1663.     Married  Martha,  daughter  of  Thomas 
Cole  of  Bristol,  gent.     Died   16  December, 
1683,     aged    71.     Buried    in    the    Temple 
Church,  Bristol.     Left  numerous  children. 

Sir  John  Knight  junior,  M.P,  for  Bristol 
1689-90  and  1690-95,  and  an  unsuccessful 
candidate  in  1695  and  1698,  was  son  of  the 
John  Knight  who  was  Alderman  of  Bristol 
from  1672  till  his  death  in  1679,  and  Mayor 
in  1670-71.  He  was  cousin  to  Sir  John 
Knight  senior.  He  was  elected  a  Common 
Councillor  in  June,  1674,  until  1685  ;  re- 
elected  in  1688  until  he  resigned  in  1702  ; 
Sheriff  1681-2  ;  Mayor  1690-95.  Knighted 
at  Newmarket  12  March,  1682.  Married 
Anne,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Smith  of  Long 
Ashton.  Died  in  poverty  at  Congresbury, 
Somerset,  3  February,  1717/18  (see  'D.N.B.'). 
Left  issue  from  whom  descend  the  Knights 
of  Tythegston  Court,  Glamorgan. 

I  may  add  that  particulars  of  these  John 
Knights  may  be  found  in  '  Bristol  Lists, 
Municipal  and  Miscellaneous,'  by  the  Rev. 
A.  B.  Beaven.  W.  D.  PINK. 

Lowton,  Newton-le- Willows. 


292 


NOTES  AND   QUERIES.         [ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  7, 1911. 


Williams' s  '  Parliamentary  History  of 
the  County  of  Gloucester  '  states  (p.  122) 
that  Sir  John  Knight  was  the  only  son 
of  the  John  Knight  who  served^as  member 
temp.  Charles  II. 

Is  not  Sir  Arthur  Hart  a  slip  for  Sir 
Robert  Hart,  who  represented  the  city  in 
1681,  1685-7,  and  1689-95  ?  Williams  gives 
(pp.  120-21)  some  interesting  particulars 
of  Sir  Robert,  which  I  shall  be  pleased  to 
forward  to  your  correspondent  if  he  has  not 
access  to  the  book.  ROLAND  AUSTIN. 
Gloucester  Public  Library. 

As  there  was  little  information  obtainable 
from  reference  books  concerning  the  Harts 
of  the  West  Country,  I  made  a  special  study 
of  them,  and  worked  out  their  pedigrees,  as 
I  found  they  were  very  numerous  and  of  a 
good  position. 

The  Harts  of  Bristol  were  descended  from 
George  Hart  of  Uphaie,  Axminster,  clothier 
(d.  1591).  His  eldest  son  George  became 
a  wealthy  linen  draper  of  Bristol ;  married 
Marie  Knight  (sister  of  Sir  John  Knight), 
and  died  in  1658. 

They  had  five  sons,  of  whom  Sir  Richard 
Hart  of  Hanham,  Gloucestershire,  was  the 
eldest,  and  was  M.P.  for  Bristol  in  the  Parlia- 
ment of  1  William  and  Mary.  He  died 
1701.  Their  fourth  son  Arthur  was  a 
merchant  of  Bristol,  and  its  Mayor,  but  was 
never  knighted.  He  was  twice  married  : 
by  his  first  wife  he  had  a  son  and  a  daughter. 
He  died  in  1686.  E.  H.  FAIRBROTHER. 


QUEEN  ELIZABETH'S  PORTRAITS  AT  HAMP- 
TON COURT  BY  ZUCCHERO  (11  S.  iv.  244). — 
The  portrait  here  of  '  Queen  Elizabeth  with 
a  Feather  Fan'  (No.  306  of  the  current 
catalogue)  is  probably  by  Zucchero.  The 
grounds  for  this  attribution  are  given  in 
my  '  Royal  Gallery  of  Hampton  Court ' 
(ed.  1898),  No.  616,  p.  226,  where  J.  F.  R. 
will  find  a  plate  of  the  picture.  The  fan 
she  holds  is  probably  the  one  given  her  by 
Leicester  in  1574.  I  ascribe  the  painting 
to  1575,  when  Elizabeth  was  42.  In  my 
opinion  50  is  too  old  for  this  face. 

The  portrait  called  '  Queen  Elizabeth  in 
a  Fanciful  Dress  '  (No.  346  of  the  current 
catalogue)  is  discussed  by  me  in  the  same 
book,  No.  349,  p.  138,  where  there  is  a  plate 
of  the  picture,  and  also  in  a  supplemental 
note  thereto,  p.  310,  where  reasons  are  given 
for  doubting  whether  it  is  by  Zucchero,  or, 
indeed,  even  represents  Queen  Elizabeth  at 
all. 

I  think  I  have  found  out  the  real  person- 
age depicted,  and  also  the  writer  of  the 


verses,  sometimes  ascribed  to  Spenser,  or 
even  to  Queen  Elizabeth  herself.  These 
further  facts  will  appear  in  the  new  edition 
of  my  book,  now  preparing. 

ERNEST  LAW. 
The  Pavilion,  Hampton  Court  Palace. 

'  PICKWICK  PAPERS  ':  PRINTERS'  ERRORS 
IN  FIRST  EDITION  (11  S.  iv.  248). — In  the 
early  issues  of  '  Pickwick  '  the  error  "  1817  " 
for  "  1827  "  is  to  be  found,  as  also  its  entry 
in  the  "  Errata."  There  were  various 
issues  of  the  book. 

"  Of  part  one,  the  binder  prepared  four  hundred ; 
of  part  fifteen,  his  order  was  for  more  than  forty 
thousand."  —  Forster's  'Life  of  Charles  Dickens,' 
5th  ed.,  1872,  vol.  i.  p.  108. 

I  have  three  '  Pickwicks,'  all  bearing  the 
date  1837  on  the  pictorial  title-page.  Two 
of  them  have  that  date  on  the  printed  title- 
page  ;  the  other  has  1838  thereon.  All 
three  have  the  same  list  of  "  Errata."  The 
two  former  have  the  error  referred  to,  viz., 
"  1817  "  for  "  1827."  The  third  has  the 
notice  concerning  it  in  the  "Errata,"  al- 
though it  does  not  occur  in  the  letterpress. 
Similarly  the  last  "  erratum  "  is  unnecessary 
in  this  1838  edition,  in  which  "  George 
Yard,  Lombard-Street,"  properly  takes  the 
place  of  "  Sun  Court,  Cornhill  "  (p.  541). 

C.  C.  B.'s  copy  of  *  Pickwick  '  is,  there 
can  be  little  doubt,  one  of  an  issue  later 
than  the  first. 

I  think  that  I  am  right  in  saying  that 
among  the  marks  of  a  copy  of  the  first  issue 
are  the  following  : — 

1.  In   the   pictorial   title-page   the   board 
over  the  door  of  the  inn  has  "  Veller  "  for 
"  Weller,"   and  "Tobacco"   appears  in  the 
bottom  line. 

2.  Facing  pp.  69  and  74  are  respectively 
the    plates    (drawn    and    etched    by     Buss) 
of  the  "  Muggleton  Cricket  Match,"  and  the 
fat  boy  surprising  Miss  War  die  and  Tupman 
in  the  arbour. 

As  is  wTell  known,  Dickens,  not  liking 
Buss's  plates,  got  Hablot  Browne  to  take 
his  place.  The  plates  substituted  by  the 
latter  for  Buss's  two  etchings  are  (p.  74) 
"  The  fat  boy  awakes  on  this  occasion  only," 
i.e.,  the  arbour  scene,  and  (p.  76)  "  Mr. 
Wardle  &  his  friends  under  the  influence  of 
the  Salmon." 

The  early  issues  have  the  plates  "  before 
letters,"  whether  Seymour's,  Buss's,  or 
Browne's. 

The  printed  title-page  of  '  Pickwick  '  of 
the  earliest  issue  contains  an  error.  We 
read  "  with  forty- three  illustrations,  by 
R.  Seymour  and  Phiz,"  whereas  two  of  them 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  7,  ion.]          NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


293 


are  in  fact  by  Buss.  Browne  having  suc- 
ceeded Buss  during  the  publication  of  the 
fourth  part,  most,  I  think,  of  the  issue  of  the 
first  edition  contained  no  Buss  plates,  and 
so  the  title-page  ignored  the  rejected  artist, 
whose  plates  appear  in  the  earliest  issue. 

The  '  Pickwick  '  "  Errata  "  appear  on 
the  verso  of  the  leaf  which  contains  "  Direc- 
tions to  the  Binder  "  : — 

"The  under  -  mentioned  Plates,  which  have  no 
annexed  references,  are  to  be  placed  in  the  following 
order." 

The  first  mentioned  is  "  Mr.  Winkle  entering 
the  Sedan  Chair,"  to  face  p.  391.  In  none  of 
my  three  copies  can  I  find  any  "  Directions 
to  the  Binder "  concerning  the  preceding 
plates,  although  only  some  of  them  have 
"  annexed  references." 

It  is  curious  that  in  the  1838  issue,  or 
edition,  whereas  two  out  of  the  six  errata — 
the  first  and  the  last — are  corrected  in  the 
text  though  remaining  in  the  list,  the  other 
four  are  left  untouched.  I  have,  however, 
almost  ceased  to  be  surprised  at  the  vagaries 
of  "  Errata."  I  have  seldom  corrected  a 
book  according  to  its  "  Errata "  without 
finding  one  or  more  mistakes  in  the  "  errata  " 
themselves.  ROBERT  PIEBPOINT. 

At  the  time  '  Pickwick  '  was  being  pub- 
lished in  parts,  these  would  be  printed  on 
hand  presses,  giving  but  a  few  hundred 
impressions  per  hour,  and  there  are  at  least 
three  explanations  of  the  erratum  in 
C.  C.  B.'s  copy  being  unnecessary. 

1.  The  circulation  may  have  been  such 
as  to  require  every  sheet  to  be  duplicated 
in  composition,  to  expedite  the  presswork, 
one     "  forme "     (the     technical     term     for 
the  type  in  its  iron  frame)  having  the  correct 
date,  and  the  other  a  wrong  one. 

2.  Even  with  a  single  forme,  part  of  the 
issue  may  have  been  worked,   and  the  mis- 
take then  noticed  and  corrected. 

3.  The  forme  may  have  been  lifted,  and 
again  sent  to  press,  in  consequence  of  the 
demand    exceeding    the    number    originally 
provided  for.     In  this  case,  a  proof-reader 
would  probably  run  over  a  "press  proof" 
before  the  further  supply  was  printed  off, 
and  thus  detect  the  "  literal." 

Some  of  the  incorrect  sheets  may  have 
gone  out,  but,  if  not,  the  publisher  would 
hardly  reprint  for  a  trifling  mistake,  trusting 
to  the  "  Errata  "  issued  when  the  work  was 
completed  to  set  matters  right,  although 
this  would  not  be  needed  by  some  of  the 
copies.  Bearing  in  mind  the  unnoticed 
slip  mentioned  by  C.  C.  B.,  I  favour  the 
second  suggestion  as  the  most  likely  solution. 


I  have  an  edition  dated  1863,  which  has 
errata  for  four  errors,  two  of  these  being  a 
date  :  "  1827  "  to  be  read  for  "  1830  "  on 
pp.  185  (1.  25)  and  202  (1.  30),  both  referring 
to  the  writ  issued  in  Bardell  v.  Pickwick. 
It  would  be  interesting  to  know  which  date 
was  given  in  the  paper  parts. 

Glancing  through  the  book  (which  I 
have  not  opened  for  many  years),  I  noticed 
other  mistakes  which  are  unquestionably 
printers'  errors  :  P.  98,  1.  20,  "  control  "  is 
spelt  "  controul "  ;  p.  182  has  the  fig.  1 
dropped  from  the  folio  ;  p.  253,  1.  26,  the  I 
has  gone  from  "  unsuccessful  "  ;  and  p.  341, 
1.  5,  the  o  and  n  in  "  inscription  "  have  been 
transposed.  CHARLES  S.  BUBDON. 

THEOPHILE  GATJTIEB  (11  S.  iv.  241). — 
The  delightful  paper  by  COL.  PBIDEAUX 
which  I  have  just  read  leads  me  to  mention 
that  Gautier's  '  Tra  los  Montes  '  was  trans- 
lated into  English  in  the  sixties.  I  believe 
the  book  is  now  out  of  print.  I  have  it 
somewhere  among  my  hoards,  but  cannot 
place  it.  M.  L.  R.  BBESLAB. 

Percy  House,  South  Hackney. 

PABIS  BABBIEBS  (11  S.  iv.  230).— The 
"barriere"  still  exists  in  Paris,  the  term 
being  applied  to  the  gates  of  the  fortifica- 
tions where  the  octroi  is  levied.  Napoleon 
III.  enlarged  the  "  enceinte  "  of  Paris  just 
half  a  century  ago  ;  but  a  line  of  boulevards 
plainly  marks  the  original  boundaries.  To 
cite  a  spot  familiar  to  all  tourists,  the  Arc 
de  Triomphe  represents  (roughly)  the  site 
of  the  Barriere  de  1'Etoile.  The  Etoile- 
Villette  tramway  follows  the  old  line  of 
fortifications.  On  the  Boulevard  de  Cour- 
celles  may  still  be  seen  one  of  the  old  gate- 
houses (now  known  as  the  "Rotonde") 
at  the  entrance  to  the  Pare  Monceau.  At 
La  Villette  tramway  terminus,  masked  by  an 
overhead-railway  girder-construction,  may 
be  seen  a  second  gatehouse  —  the  one  that 
figures  in  Detaille's  painting  of  the  reception 
of  Napoleon's  victorious  "  Grande  Armee," 
by  the  Municipality  of  Paris.  Halfway 
between  these  surviving  gatehouses  is  the 
site — now  ultra-modernized — of  the  Bar- 
riere St.  Denis,  where  travellers  from  London 
entered  Paris  in  the  younger  days  of  Thacke- 
ray (refer  to  '  Invasion  of  France  '  :  '  Paris 
Sketchbook'),  and  even  of  Dickens,  who 
sketched  D'Evremond's  route  ('Tale  of 
Two  Cities  ' )  from  memory.  The  Beauvais 
road  was  preferred  to  the  present  railway 
route  by  Amiens  as  being  a  few  "posts'" 
shorter  in  coaching  days.  The  octroi-man 
met  the  diligence  at  the  "barriere,"  and 
accompanied  it  to  the  hotels  to  see  trunks 


294 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  7, 1911. 


opened  (Brockedon's  *  Road-Book  from 
London  to  Naples,'  1835).  It  was  Calonne's 
original  octroi  barrier  that  gave  rise  to  the 
well-known  line.  F.  A.  W. 

Paris. 

"  J'Y  suis,  J'Y  RESTE"  (11  S.  iv.  44,  94, 
155,  197,  252). — The  extraordinary  diffi- 
culty in  tracing  the  authorship  and  original 
form  of  even  the  most  popular,  striking,  and 
modern  phrases  is  once  more  illustrated 
by  the  maze  of  contradiction  which  surrounds 
this  one.  M.  Gabriel  Hanotaux,  for  ex- 
ample, in  his  great  work  on  '  Contemporary 
France  ' — I  quote  from  the  English  transla- 
tion, vol.  ii.  p,  10 — says  that,  when 
"  questioned  later  as  to  the  authenticity  of  these 
words,  he  [MacMahon]  said  he  had  simply  indicated 
his  determination  not  to  retire.  '  I  do  not  think 
that  I  gave  my  thought  that  epigrammatic  form, 
J'y  suis,  j'y  reste  I  am  riot  given  to  phrases.' " 

Years  after  this  was  published,  the  Marquis 
de  Castellane  claimed  the  credit  of  the  crea- 
tion for  himself  ;  and  in  May,  1908,  he  told  in 
his  memoirs,  then  appearing  in  the  Revue 
Hebdomadaire,  how  he  had  a  speech  to  make 
before  the  National  Assembly  on  the  pro- 
posal to  extend  MacMahon's  powers.  He 
confided  to  the  Marquise  that  he  wanted 
an  epigram  to  hammer  his  point  home, 
and  the  Marquise  suggested  one  : — 

"On  the  following  day,"  runs  his  narrative,  "I 
made  my  speech,  and  this  was  my  peroration  :  'Do 
.to-day  for  France  what  MacMahon  did  sixteen 
years  ago  for  the  army  at  the  Malakoff.  He  was 
the  first  to  enter  the  citadel.  It  was  mined. 
It  seemed  about  to  bury  him  in  its  ruins.  But  no 
matter.  He  ran  to  the  telegraph  and  sent  his  chief 
this  message,  sublime  in  its  simplicity :  "  J'y  suis, 
j'y  reste!"' 

"  The  effect,"  the  Marquis  continued,  "  was 
indescribable,  and  the  newspapers  have 
ever  since  insisted  upon  the  historic  phrase 
which  the  Marshal  never  uttered,  but  which 
my  young  wife  invented  for  my  use."  But 
the  Castellane  story  was  immediately  con- 
tradicted by  U  Eclair  on  the  strength  of  a 
letter  written  by  General  Biddulph  to  M. 
Germain  Bapst.  General  Biddulph,  then 
attached  to  the  submarine  telegraph  service, 
entered  the  Malakoff  soon  after  MacMahon 
had  stormed  it,  and  found  the  Marshal  in 
what  seemed  a  precarious  position.  He 
wrote — I  am  retranslating  from  the  French  : 
"  After  having  looked  on  for  some  time  at  the 
spectacle,  I  went  up  to  General  MacMahon,  and 
after  informing  him  of  my  position  on  the  Head- 
quarters Staff,  proposed  to  make  myself  useful  by 
informing  the  English  commander  of  his  situation 
General  MacMahon,  who  had  maintained  an 
admirable  calm,  replied  that  all  was  well.  *  You 
can  tell  the  English  General,'  he  added,  '  ouefy  suis 
et  que  j'y  reste.  " 


That  ought  to  be  conclusive,  and  the  pre- 
sumption, .as  was  pointed  out  at  the  time, 
is  that  the  Marquis  de  Castellane' s  memory 
was  at  fault.  ALFRED  F.  BOBBINS. 

"  ALL     MY     EYE     AND      BETTY     MARTIN  " 

(US.  iv.  207,  254). — I  am  afraid  that  the 
story  of  the  sailor  and  the  Latin  prayer 
mentioned  by  several  correspondents,  and 
given  in  Brewer's  '  Dictionary  of  Phrase  and 
Fable  '  as  the  only  known  explanation  of  this 
saying,  will  not  be  of  much  service  in  fixing 
a  date  for  its  introduction  into  our  slang- 
vocabulary.  The  anecdote  does  not  appear 
in  my  copy  of  '  Joe  Miller  '  (a  "  Genuine 
Edition,"  printed  and  sold  by  James  Barker, 
Great  Russell  Street,  Covent  Garden,  no 
date,  but  probably  published  before  1751), 
and  it  was  probably  inserted  as  padding 
in  later  editions. 

HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 
39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennington  Lane. 

I  cannot  refrain  from  protesting  against 
the  explanation  of  this  phrase  offered  by 
some  correspondents  —  one  which  had,  I 
imagined,  received  its  death-blow  long  since 
namely,  that  it  is  a  corruption  of  "  O  mihi 
beate  Martine."  If  such  an  ejaculation  were 
ever  uttered  in  prayer,  it  would  be  pronounced 
according  to  ecclesiastical  and  Continental 
practice  somewhat  as  if  written  for  English 
readers  "  O  meehee  bayahteh  Marteeneh." 
It  is  impossible,  therefore,  that  it  should 
give  rise  to  the  vulgar  phrase  attributed  to 
that  source.  These  spurious  etymologies 
of  the  "  Goat-and-Compasses  "  type  die  very 
hard,  but  it  is  surely  high  time  that  their 
currency  should  be  checked,  for  they  are 
very  disturbing  to  one's  equanimity. 

HERBERT  MAXWELL. 

Charles  Lee  Lewes  in  his  '  Memoirs,' 
4  vols.,  1805,  gives  an  account  of  "  the  origin 
of  the  vulgarism  '  My  eye,  Betty  Martin  '  : 
(i.  120-24).  According  to  this  memoirist, 
"  the  public  are  indebted  for  this  common 
expression ' '  to  one  Elizabeth  Grace,  who 
married  "  a  young  gentleman  of  a  reputable 
family  in  co.  Meath,  Ireland,"  circa  1741. 
She  refused  to  support  Martin,  saying  : — 

"  Bah,  bah,  Mr.  Gentleman,  so  I  was  made  your 
property  to  maintain  you  in  idleness,  was  I?  Oh, 

my  eye,  for  that  my  dear.     There Christopher 

Martin,  there's  the  door " 

Betty  afterwards  married  a  Mr.  Workman, 
and  became  an  actress.     Lee  Lewes  gives 
a  long  account  of  her  various  adventures. 
HORACE   BLEACKLEY 

[Reply  from  MR.  J.  F.  BENSE  next  week.] 


n  s.  iv.  OCT.  7,  ion.]          NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


295 


DANIEL  HOBBY  (11  S.  iv.  89,  138,  259). — 
The  reference  to  Romney's  portrait  is 
borne  out  by  Romney's  diary,  which 
records  that  Mr.  Horry  (Romney  wrote  the 
name  with  a  diaeresis  over  the  y)  sat  for  a 
whole  length  in  1789,  and  that  he  paid 
100  guineas  for  it  on  15  March,  1790  ;  it 
was  dispatched  to  South  Carolina  22  July, 
1790  (see  Ward  and  Roberts's  '  Romney,' 
Catalogue  Raisonn6,  p.  80).  Mr.  Horry 
sat  for  a  second  portrait,  a  kitcat,  in  1791-2, 
but  this  was  never  finished. 

It  is  doubtless  this  Mr.  Horry  to  whom 
MB.  W.  P.  COURTNEY  referred  at  10  S.  vi. 
46  in  connexion  with  Jowett  and  his  "  little 
garden."  W.  ROBEBTS. 

Was  not  Eleonore  de  Fay  de  la  Tour 
Maubourg  the  granddaughter — not  the  niece 
—of  General  Lafayette  ?  Marie-Jean-Paul- 
Roch- Yves-Gilbert  Motier  de  la  Fayette 
(General  Lafayette)  was  an  only  child.  He 
married  Adrienne  de  Noailles,  second 
daughter  of  Jean-Paul-Francois  de  Noailles, 
Due  d'Ayen.  Their  elder  daughter 
Anastasie  de  la  Fayette  married  in  1798 
Comte  Charles  de  la  Tour  Maubourg. 
Eleonore  de  Fay  de  la  Tour  Maubourg  would 
thus  be  the  granddaughter  of  General  Lafay- 
ette, and  the  niece  of  his  only  son  George 
Washington  de  la  Fayette. 

FBANCES  HILL  THOMAS. 

AUTHOBS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (11  S. 
iv.  88). — MB.  R.  L.  MOBETON'S  second 
quotation,  "  Multi  ad  sapientiam  pervenire 
potuissent,"  &c.,  is  from  Seneca,  Dialogue  ix, 
'De  Tranquillitate  Animi,'  i.  16  (11): 
"  Puto  multos  potuisse  ad  sapientiam  per- 
venire, nisi  putassent  se  pervenisse,  nisi 
quaadam  in  se  dissimulassent,  quaedam 
opertis  oculis  transsiluissent." 

EDWABD  BENSLY. 

Aberystwyth. 

MILITABY  EXECUTIONS  (11  S.  iv.  8,  57, 
98,  157,  193,  237).— My  remarks  on  p.  98 
referred  to  British  practice  only,  but  I 
spoke  of  what  has  occurred  in  *  the  Lee- 
Metford  era.  Difference  in  design  of  the 
weapon  used  would  not  affect  the  procedure, 
which  was  the  subject  of  the  inquiry. 

During  the  last  war,  a  number  of  Boer 
desperadoes  were  shot  under  military  law 
in  the  manner  I  described,  for  butchery 
of  unarmed  men,  wounded  soldiers,  and 
civilians,  and  such  like  offences.  Although 
the  death  penalty  was  awarded  several  times 
by  courts -martial  to  British  soldiers  during 
the  campaign,  this  was  invariably  com- 
muted by  the  G.O.C.  to  penal  servitude  of 


varying  terms,  according  to  c  the  nature 
of  the  offence.  Information  from  many 
quarters  is  against  military  executions 
having  taken  place  in  the  British  Army 
for  many  years  past — before'"  flogging  was 
abolished,  in  fact.  Except  during  active 
service,  soldiers  guilty  of  serious  crimes 
(not  purely  military),  such  as  murder  or 
attempt  to  murder,  and  robbery  from 
civilians,  are  handed  over  to  the  civil  power 
to  be  dealt  with.  CHABLES  S.  BUBDON, 

STONEHENGE  :  '  THE  BIBTH  OF  MEBLIN  ' 
(11  S.  iv.  128, 178,  235).— MB.  HABBIS  STONE 
should  refer  to  the  Stonehenge  Bibliography 
Number  of  The  Wiltshire  Archaeological 
and  Natural  History  Society  Magazine, 
edited  by  the  Rev.  E.  H.  Goddard,  being 
vol.  xxxii.  No.  96  (December,  1901)  of  that 
magazine.  I  note  that  there  '  The  Birth  of 
Merlin '  is  attributed  to  Thomas  Middle- 
ton  and  Wm.  Rowley. 

PEBCY  MAYLAM. 

Canterbury. 

CHABLES  WATEBTON'S  PAMPHLETS  (11  S.  iv. 
228). — I  have  two  pamphlets  by  Charles 
Waterton,  published  at  Wakefield  in  1835. 
They  are  in  the  form  of  letters  addressed 
to  Robert  Jameson,  Regius  Professor  of 
Natural  History  at  Edinburgh.  They  are 
written  in  Water  ton's  usual  caustic  style, 
and  must  have  made  poor  Jameson  very 
uncomfortable.  FBEDEBIC  TUBNEB. 

Egham. 

FBANK  BUCKLAND  (11  S.  iv.  245).— MB. 
RHODES' s  reference  to  this  naturalist  reminds 
me  of  an  old  friend  whom  he  often  used  to 
visit  in  years  gone  by,  the  Rev.  Scott  F. 
Surtees  of  Dinsdale  Manor  House,  a  pretty 
place  on  the  Lower  Tees.  Above^the  Manor 
House  is  Fishlocks,  which  was  also  Mr. 
Surtees' s  property,  where  there  used  to  be 
a  high  crescent-shaped  dam,  constructed,  I 
believe,  by  Smeaton,  the  celebrated  engineer. 
As  there  are  many  salmon  in  the  Tees,  it 
was  quite  a  sight  to  watch  the  fish  in  their 
vain  attempts  to  leap  the  dam.  At  the 
end  of  one  of  Buckland's  visits  he  was  driven 
to  the  railway  station  by  Mr.  Surtees' s 
servant,  who  was,  I  believe,  coachman  and 
fisherman  combined.  The  naturalist  took 
his  seat  on  the  box  alongside  the  driver  for 
a  gossip.  Not  only  were  there  salmon  in  the 
river,  but  also  many  bull-trout,  which  the 
man  said  were  caught  and  sent  to  France 
to  be  sold  as  salmon.  Buckland  wondered 
how  it  was  that  French  people  did  not  know 
the  difference  between  the  ^  fish,  as  their 


296 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  7,  IQIL 


tails  were  so  unlike — one  being  straight,  the 
other  zigzag.  The  fisherman  replied  that  a 
pair  of  scissors  made  them  all  alike  ! 

R.  B— B. 
South  Shields. 

NOBLE  FAMILIES  IN  SHAKESPEARE  (11  S. 
iv.  248). — I  imagine  that  a  careful  study  of 
such  publications  as  G.  E.  C.'s  '  Complete 
Peerage,'  the  works  of  Mr.  J.  Horace  Round, 
the  'D.N.B.,'  the  '  Nobilities  of  Europe' 
and  the  '  Plantagenet  Roll  of  the  Blood 
Royal '  by  the  Marquis  of  Ruvigny  and 
Raineval,  the  recent  edition  of  Douglas's 
'  Peerage  of  Scotland,'  and  The  Ancestor 
would  show  that  a  vast  number  of  living 
persons  are  descended  from  certain  histori- 
cal characters  mentioned  by  Shakespeare. 
For  instance,  the  principal  royal  families 
of  Europe  will  be  found,  I  think,  to  be  de- 
scended in  one  branch  or  another  from 
John  of  Gaunt,  Duke  of  Lancaster  (see 
'Richard  II.).  Henry  VIII. 's  six  wives 
were  all  descendants  of  King  John  ;  and  the 
noble  families  of  Seymour  and  Howard  are 
vigorous  to-day — not  to  mention  the  royal 
house  of  Hapsburg  and  its  many  branches. 

From  the  first  Howard  Duke  of  Norfolk 
(the  "  Jockey  of  Norfolk  "  in  '  Richard  III.') 
are  derived  the  Dukes  of  Norfolk  and  Bed- 
ford, and  the  Earls  of  Suffolk  and  Carlisle. 
From  the  first  Earl  of  Northumberland 
and  his  son  Sir  Henry  Percy  ("  Hotspur," 
'  Henry  IV.')  come  the  Dukes  of  Northum- 
berland ;  from  William,  Lord  Hastings,  the 
Earls  of  Huntingdon ;  and  from  Queen 
Elizabeth  Wydville  ('  Henry  VI.,  Part  III.,' 
and  '  Richard  III.'),  as  Lady  Grey,  the  Earls 
of  Stamford.  The  Dukes  of  Beaufort  derive 
from  Edmund  Beaufort,  Duke  of  Somerset 
('  Henry  VI.,  Part  II.)  ;  the  Marquess  of 
Abergavenny  from  Edmund,  Duke  of  York 
('Richard  II.')  ;  and  the  Dukes  of  Atholl 
from  Thomas  Stanley,  first  Earl  of  Derby 
('Richard  III.'),  and  also,  through  Mary, 
Queen  of  France,  from  Edward  IV. 
('  Henry  VI.,  Part  III.,'  and  '  Richard  III.'). 
The  Dukes  of  Argyll  descend  from  a  sister 
of  King  Robert  Bruce  ;  the  Dukes  of  Suther- 
land from  a  daughter  of  the  same  king  ;  the 
Marquesses  of  Huntley  from  James  I.  of 
Scots  ;  and  the  Dukes  of  Hamilton  from 
James  II.  of  Scots.  The  above  four  descents 
imply  a  pedigree  from  Duncan  and  Mal- 
colm III.  Canmore  (see  '  Macbeth  '). 

These  are  but  a  few  of  those  who  can 
claim  an  ancestor  immortalized  in  Shakes- 
peare. The  recent  Shakespeare  Ball,  held 
at  the  Albert  Hall,  included  a  number  of 
living  descendants  of  the  poet's  creations. 


If  an  everyday  example  is  permissible, 
the  present  writer  may  be  forgiven  for  men- 
tioning that  in  common  with  very  many 
of  his  fellow-countrymen,  from  King 
George  V.  downwards,  he  has  a  descent  from 
James  I.  of  Scots  and  his  queen,  Joan 
Beaufort  (viz.,  from  Duncan,  Malcolm  III., 
and  John  of  Gaunt)  ;  and  that  a  young 
cousin  of  his  can,  in  addition,  show  a  descent, 
similar  to  that  given  above  to  the  Dukes  of 
Atholl,  from  Thomas  Stanley,  first  Earl 
of  Derby,  and  from  Edward  IV. 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

REV.  THOMAS  AND  JOSEPH  DELAFIELD 
(US.  iii.  347,  412).— W  .  C.  B.'s  very  inter- 
esting reply,  which  gives  the  titles  of 'the 
five  historical  manuscripts  of  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Delafield  formerly  for  sale  by  Mr. 
T.  Hayes  of  Manchester,  does  not  state 
whether  Joseph  Delafield  was  joint  author 
of  these  works  or  how  his  name  came  to  be 
connected  with  them  ;  see  note  at  5  S.  vi. 
165. 

The  association  of  the  names  is  puzzling, 
for  the  only  contemporary  Joseph  Delafield 
revealed  by  an  exhaustive  inquiry  was  a 
Baptist,  a  citizen  of  London,  and  in  business 
a  merchant.  He  was  fifth  cousin  in  the  male 
line  to  the  Rev.  Thomas  Delafield.  It  would 
be  most  interesting  to  know  where  these 
manuscripts  now  are.  Perhaps  W.  C.  B. 
may  be  able  and  willing  to  add  these  items 
of  information  to  the  valuable  notes  he  has 
already  published. 

JOHN  Ross  DELAFIELD 

Riverdale-on-Hudson,  New  York  City. 

ARMY  BANDMASTERS  AND  THE  OFFICERS' 
MESS  (11  S.  iv.  247).— Since  1881  Army 
bandmasters  upon  appointment  receive  what 
is  called  a  warrant,  which  is  something  like 
a  commission,  but  signed  by  the  Secretary 
of  State  for  War.  There  is  a  big  difference 
between  warrant  and  non  -  commissioned 
rank.  In  the  days  of  Army  civilian  band- 
masters, it  is  very  probable  that  those  belong- 
ing to  crack  corps,  such  as  the  Guards  and 
Royal  Artillery  —  e.g.,  Dan  Godfrey  and 
Chevalier  Zavertal  before  being  taken  on 
the  strength — would  be  dining  members  of  the 
officers'  mess.  But  I  question  if  Mr.  Miller's 
honorary  membership  extended  so  far  as 
that.  Probably  it  would  mean  the  obtain- 
ing liquid  refreshment  thereat,  instead  of  in 
the  sergeants'  mess,  to  which  warrant 
officers  belong.  I  remember  one  instance 
of  an  unmarried  warrant  officer  (a  Master 
Gunner)  "  messing  "  with  officers  ;  but 
this  occurred  with  a  departmental  corps,  and 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  7,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


297 


at  an  out-station  where  a  couple  of  com- 
missioned officers  formed  the  maximum 
number,  and  no  sergeants'  mess  existed. 

The  information  quoted  from  The  Musical 
Times  is  not  quite  correct.  Lieut.  G.  J. 
Miller,  M.V.O.,  was  made  Second  Lieutenant 
on  15  November,  1899,  and  honorary  lieu- 
tenant 28  December,  1899.  The  first  is 
combatant  rank,  i.e.,  the  same  as  the  ordinary 
officer's,  whilst  the  other  is  the  honorary 
commission  given  to  Riding-M asters,  Quarter- 
masters, Inspectors  of  Army  Schools,  Com- 
missaries and  Deputy  Commissaries  of 
Ordnance,  and  such  like.  The  present 
bandmasters  of  the  2nd  Life  Guards,  the 
Grenadier  Guards,  and  the  Coldstream  Guards 
have  combatant  commissions  as  Second 
Lieutenants.  The  Royal  Marines  being  under 
the  Admiralty,  Mr.  Miller  can  scarcely  be 
considered  as  "in  the  Army,"  although  the 
dates  of  his  Army  rank  given  above  would 
make  him  senior  to  any  Army  bandmaster 
(including  those  in  the  Household  Brigade, 
their  commissions  being  of  later  date)  in  the 
event  of  his  band  being  combined  with 
another,  or  brigaded,  a  very  unlikely 
occurrence.  Regimental  bandmasters  appear 
in  the  officers'  mess  in  many  corps  once  a 
week  on  the  mess  night,  as  it  is  customary 
for  the  bandmaster  to  be  called  in  when 
the  National  Anthem  has  been  played,  a 
glass  of  wine  being  handed  to  him.^ 

CHARLES  S.  BURDON. 

Up  till  a  few  years  ago  most  bandmasters, 
if  not  all,  were  civilians,  and  some,  when 
they  joined  according  to  the  new  regulation, 
were  rapidly  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
warrant  officer,  others  received  a  commission 
afterwards.  Chevalier  Zavertal,  who  was 
bandmaster  of  the  Royal  Artillery  at  Wool- 
wich, was  allowed  to  wear  a  beard — the  only 
man  in  the  service,  except  pioneers,  who  had 
that  permission.  A.  RHODES. 

According  to  Mr.  Kipling,  the  regimental 
bandmaster  is  "  asked  in  to  'ave  a  glass  o' 
sherry- wine  o'  Mess-nights  "  : — 

"  Then  I'll  be  a  bloomin'  orf'eer.  Then  I  '11  ask 
you  to  'ave  a  glass  o'  sherry-wine.  Mister  Lew,  and 
you'll  bloomin'  well  'ave  to  stay  in  the  hantyroom 
while  the  Mess-Sergeant  brings  it  to  your  dirty 
'ands."— 'The  Drums  of  the  Fore  and  Aft.' 

PERCEVAL   LUCAS. 

TREES  GROWING  FROM  GRAVES  (11  S.  iv. 
250). — A  young  German  countess  who  lived 
about  one  hundred  years  ago  was  a  noted 
sceptic,  specially  opposed  to  the  doctrine 
of  the  Resurrection.  At  the  age  of  thirty 


she  died,  but  before  her  death  gave  direc- 
tions that  her  grave  should  be  covered  with 
a  solid  slab  of  granite,  that  around  it  should 
be  placed  a  square  block  of  stone,  and  that 
the  corners  should  be  fastened  to  each  other 
and  to  the  granite  slab  by  heavy  iron  clamps. 
On  the  covering  was  carved  this  inscrip- 
tion :  "  This  burial-place,  purchased  to  all 
eternity,  must  never  be  opened."  But  a 
little  seed  sprouted,  and  the  tiny  shoot 
found  its  way  between  the  side  stone  and 
the  upper  slab  and  grew  there.  Slowly,  yet 
steadily,  it  forced  its  way  until  the  iron 
clamps  were  rent  and  the  granite  slab  was 
lifted,  and  is  now  resting  on  the  trunk  of  a 
tree,  which  is  large  and  flourishing.  No 
wonder  the  people  of  Hanover  look  on  that 
stone  with  a  feeling  of  superstitious  awe. 

W.  CLARK  THOMLINSON. 
Low  Fell,  Gateshead. 

In  1887  I  saw  in  the  Gartenkirchhof, 
Marienstrasse,  Hanover,  an  often  photo- 
graphed tomb,  out  of  which  a  birch  was 
growing.  A  little  local  guide  points  out 
that  there  is  behind  the  chapel 
"  eine  Grabstatte,  deren  Sandsteinquader  von  einer 
herauswachsenden  Birke  gehoben  und  auseinander 
gesprengt  sind.  Unten  am  Sockelsteine  steht 
eingemeisselt :  '  Dieses  auf  ewig  erkauf  te  Begrab- 
niss  darf  nie  geoffnet  werden '  (Siehe  die  Novelle, 
O.  Warbeck,  'Das  geoffnete  Grab')," 

which  work,  I  regret  to  say,  I  have  not  read. 
The  story  respecting  the  grave  told  at 
Hanover  is  that  the  owner  of  the  grave 
defied  the  Resurrection,  but  I  think  the 
inscription  merely  means  that  he  had  pur- 
chased the  space  in  perpetuity. 

The  handbook  reminds  me  that  Werther's 
Charlotte,  Ramberg  the  painter,  and  Caroline 
Herschel  were  buried  in  the  Gartenkirchhof. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

I  remember  a  former  Swiss  pastor  in  Lon- 
don relating  at  a  French  Bible  class  that  a 
young  man  whom  he  knew  had  an  agnostic 
acquaintance  who  gave  instructions  that  a 
stone  should  be  placed  on  his  grave,  observ- 
ing that  God  would  never  remove  it.  Some 
years  afterwards  the  young  man  passed  near 
the  grave,  and  felt  curious  as  to  whether 
anything  had  happened.  A  large  tree  was 
growing  from  among  the  fragments  of  the 
stone.  FRANCIS  P.  MARCHANT. 

Streatham  Common. 

STOCKINGS,  BLACK  AND  COLOURED  (11  S. 
iv.  166,  214,  257). — Black  stockings  for 
women  were  fashionable  in  England  long 
before  the  vogue  at  the  variety  theatres 
of  Mile.  Yvette  Guilbert,  whose  special 
dress  effect,  indeed,  was  secured  not  by  these 


298 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         m  s.  iv.  OCT.  7, 1911. 


articles  of  apparel,  but  by  long  black  suede 
gloves,  drawn  above  the  elbow,  which  stooc 
out  in  startling  contrast  against  her  pale 
face  and  all-white  dress.  A.  F.  R. 

I  remember  reading  that  it  was  Du 
Maurier's  Punch  pictures  that  made  black 
hose  fashionable  for  children.  I  am  un- 
fortunately cut  off  from  access  to  back 
numbers  of  the  English  humorous  weekly, 
which  is  often  valuable  as  a  record  of  passing 
fashions  ;  but  a  reference  to  old  photo- 
graphs confirms  my  impression.  In  my 
knickerbocker  days  (1866-73  or  so)  we  all 
(boys  and  girls)  wore  white  socks  or  stockings, 
but  my  first  recollections  of  London  (1879) 
are  associated  with  dark  hosiery.  This 
would  roughly  fix  the  date  of  the  transfor- 
mation, which  was  probably  identical  with 
the  abandonment  of  the  crinoline  and  dress 
improver,  and  the  advent  of  the  jersey, 
"pull-back"  skirt,  and  Princesse  costume 
— a  change  which  was  popularly  supposed 
to  mark  the  date  when  the  exile  of  the 
Empress  Eugenie  made  the  Princess  of 
Wales  (now  the  Queen-Mother  Alexandra) 
the  leader  of  fashion  in  certain  circles. 

ANGLO-PARISIAN. 

HENRY  ETOUGH  (11  S.  iv.  249). — My 
friend  the  late  Miss  Elizabeth  Isabella 
Frances  Saundersoii-E tough,  fourth  in  de- 
scent from  a  brother  of  the  Rev.  Henry 
E tough,  the  Rector  of  Therfield,  Herts, 
told  me  the  Etoughs  were  of  Scotch  origin. 

This  so  far  agrees  with  The  Gentleman's 
Magazine,  vol.'lvi.  p.  25,  which  states  that 
the  above  Henry  "  began  his  career  by  setting 
out  from  Glasgow  "  ;  but  I  do  not  think 
the  family  had  long  resided  in  Scotland, 
for  I  can  find  no  references  to  the  name 
in  that  country.  I  suggest  that  the  family 
descended  from  the  Etoughs  of  Whalley, 
Lancashire,  undoubtedly  the  old  home  of 
the  family  in  England.  It  will  also  probably 
be  found  that  Mr.  Henry  E  tough,  the  land- 
lord of  "  The  Bull  and  Mouth  Inn ' '  mentioned 
by  MR.  McMuRRAY,  was  a  descendant  of 
those  of  Whalley.  The  Rev.  R.  N.  Whitaker, 
in  his  '  Handbook  of  Whalley,'  1884,  p.  74, 
states  that  it  is  curious  to  see  how  long  some 
families  continue  in  the  same  trade,  and 
adds  : — 

"  Take  the  family  of  the  Eatoughs,  forjnstance  ; 
they  have  been  woodmen  from  father  to" son  from 
the  thirteenth  century  down  to  our  days.  Ellen 
Eatough,  widow  of  John,  formerly  woodman  at 
the  Abbey,  passed  away  in  the  year  1868,  in  one 
of  the  few  thatched  cottages  which  were  built 
out  of  the  walls  of  the  Abbey." 


It  will  be  noted  that  Mr.  Whitaker 
spells  the  name  "  Eatough,"  but  the  registers 
of  the  parish  church  of  Whalley  (they  begin 
in  1538)  show  that  the  name  in  the  sixteenth 
century  was  written  Etoughe.  The  registers 
up  to  1601  were  printed  by  the  Lancashire 
and  Cheshire  Parish  Register  Society  in 
1900.  For  the  period  there  are  24  Etoughe 
entries,  the  first  being  the  christening  of 
John,  son  of  Thomas  Etoughe,  in  1539. 
Henry  as  a  Christian  name  occurs  during  the 
period :  a  Henry  Etough  was  buried  in 
1553,  and  his  wife  eight  years  previously. 

Some  members  of  the  Whalley  family 
wrote  the  name  Eatough  in  the  eighteenth 
century,  for  the  will  of  Margaret  Eatough 
of  Clitheroe,  a  township  in  Whalley  parish, 
was  proved  at  York  in  1742.  The  will  of  a 
Richard  Etough  of  Clitheroe  was  also  proved 
in  1737.  Both  are  at  York. 

In  this  connexion  it  may  be  well  to  mention 
that  the  name  Etough  occurs  as  a  Christian 
name  in  the  Tookey  family  of  Thrapston, 
for  when  copying  some  of  the  inscriptions 
in  Spratton  Churchyard,  Northants,  some 
years  ago,  I  came  across  a  headstone  to 
Catherine  Etough,  eldest  daughter  of  the 
late  Robert  Tookey,  surgeon  of  Thrapston, 
and  Catherine  Anne,  his  widow.  She  died 
5  April,  1822,  aged  19. 

I  have  compiled  a  short  pedigree  of  the 
Etough  family,  chiefly  from  information 
given  to  me  by  Miss  Saunderson-E tough, 
which  I  shall  be  pleased  to  show  to  MR. 
SOLOMONS  or  MR.  McMuRRAY. 

The  Etough  arms  are  Az.,  a  chevron 
ermine  between  three  swords  ppr.  Crest, 
a  dexter  arm  embowed,  vambraced  holding 
in  the  hand  a  sword,  all  ppr.  Motto  : 
"  Audaces  fortuna  juvat."  These  arms, 
crest,  and  motto  appear  on  the  Etough 
tablet  in  St.  Martin's  Church,  Stamford, 
Lines,  and  on  the  book-plate  of  Henry 
Gladwell  Etough,  R.N.  (1783-1853). 

CHAS.  HALL  CROUCH. 
62,  Nelson  Road,  Stroud  Green,  N. 

ST.  HUGH  AND  "  THE  HOLY  NUT  "  (11  S.  iv, 
69,  156). — Perhaps  the  allusion  is  to  the  seed 
of  Ipomora  tuberosa,  popularly  known  a& 
Virgin  Mary's  nut  or  kidney,  for  which  see 
10  S.  xii.  256.  N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

THE  FIRST  PERFORATED  POSTAGE  STAMPS- 
(11  S.  iii.  183,  251  ;  iv.  197).— Henry  Archer, 
the  inventor  and  patentee  of  the  machine 
for  perforating  postage  stamps  in  1847, 
died  at  Pau,  Basses-Pyrenees,  2  April,  1863. 

T.  SHEPHERD. 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  7,  i9ii.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


299 


GBINLING  GIBBONS  AND  ROGEBS  (11  S.  iv. 
89,  137,  154,  217,  255).— In  Mid-Victorian 
days  George  Alfred  Rogers  had  a  high 
reputation  in  artistic — especially  architec- 
tural— circles  although  he  is  but  little 
known  to  a  later  generation.  His  art-school 
was  situated  in  Maddox  Street,  and  several 
of  his  pupils  turned  out  well.  One,  the  wife 
of  a  country  clergyman,  executed  the  wood- 
carving  for  her  husband's  church.  Charles 
Knight's  '  Cyclopaedia  of  the  Industry  of 
All  Nations,'  1851,  referring  to  "  Jordan's 
carving  machinery  "  (art.  '  Carving  '),  says  : 

"  A  very  large  amount  of  the  carving  in  the 
new  Houses  of  Parliament  has  been  effected  by 
this  machine.  The  more  delicate  work  for  the 
same  building,  requiring  hand-processes,  is  en- 
trusted to  Mr.  Rogers,  whose  exquisite  produc- 
tions have  done  much  towards  the  revival  of  a 
taste  for  this  art." 

Rogers  was  also  engaged  successfully  on 
the  interior  carving  of  various  churches  in 
London  and  the  provinces — among  others, 
St.  Michael's,  Cornhill. 

Late  in  life  he  published  two  books,  only 
one  of  which  is  in  the  British  Museum  : — 

"  The  Art  of  Wood-Carving  :  Practical  Hints 
to  Amateurs,  and  a  Short  History  of  the  Art. 
By  George  Alfred  Rogers,  Artist  in  Wood  to  the 
Queen  and  Professor  at  the  Crystal  Palace  Schools 
of  Art ;  Author  of  '  Some  Account  of  the  Wood- 
Carvings  of  St.  Michael's  Church,  Cornhill.' 
London  :  Virtue  &  Co.,  Ivy  Lane.  1867." 

The  work  contains  several  wood-cut  illus- 
trations by  the  author — frames,  brackets, 
panels,  &c. 

I  have  often  thought  George  Alfred  was 
related  to  W.  H.  ("Harry")  Rogers,  a 
well-known  ornamental  designer  in  wood 
and  stone,  who  flourished  forty  or  fifty 
years  ago  ;  but  I  have  no  real  grounds  for 
this  belief.  HEBBEBT  B.  CLAYTON. 

39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennington  Lane. 

Readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  will  find  in  early 
numbers  of  The  Art  Journal  (then  The  Art 
Union]  some  facts  of  interest  concerning 
Rogers,  the  wood-carver  whose  name  has 
been  mentioned  in  connexion  with  Grinling 
Gibbons.  In  The  Art  Union,  1845,  p.  341, 
is  a  note  on  the  work  of  Mr.  Rogers  of  Great 
Newport  Street ;  and  in  an  article  in  1847, 
p.  211,  some  illustrations  are  given  of  several 
brackets  in  boxwood  carved  by  the  artist. 

There  appear  to  have  been  two  artists, 
father  and  son,  at  work  in  the  middle  of  the 
nineteenth  century.  In  The  Art  Journal, 
1866,  an  illustration  is  given  of  a  side- 
board-carving representing  the  knighting 
of  Sir  Edward  Waldo.  I  may  add  that  in 
1867  Mr.  W.  G.  Rogers  read  a  paper  before 


the   Royal    Institute    of   British   Architects 
on  Grinling  Gibbons. 

Several  carvings  are  contributed  by  Mr. 
Mark  Rogers  to  the  present  exhibition  at 
the  White  City.  I  do  not  know  if  he  is  a 
descendant.  A.  YOCKNEY. 

TWINS  AND  SECOND  SIGHT  (11  S.  iii. 
469  ;  iv.  54,  156,  259). — Abundance  of 
information  on  this  subject  will  be  found 
in  Galton's  '  Inquiries  into  Human  Faculty,' 
a  section  of  which  is  devoted  to  '  History 
of  Twins.'  See  the  edition  just  issued  in 
"  Everyman's  Library,"  pp.  155-73. 

WM.  H.  PEET. 

ALABASTEB  BOXES  OF  LOVE  (11  S.  ii. 
169). — The  quotation  is  from  Dr.  J.  R.  Miller's 
*  Weekday  Religion,'  chap.  xvi.  ( '  Kindness 
that  Comes  Too  Late  ').  G.  H.  J. 


0tt 


Educational  Charters  and  Documents.     By  Arthur 
F.  Leach.     (Cambridge  University  Press.  ) 

THE  history  and  literature  of  pedagogy  is  a 
department  of  knowledge  which  Mr.  Leach  has 
made  peculiarly  his  own.  His  aim  in  the  present 
volume  is  to  do  for  the  educational  history  of 
England  what  Bishop  Stubbs  in  his  '  Select 
Charters  '  did  for  its  constitutional  history.  The 
remarkable  collection  of  representative  charters 
and  documents  which  he  has  brought  together, 
ranging  from  the  foundation  of  the  Canterbury 
School  in  631  to  the  Board  of  Education  Scheme 
in  1909,  will  be  invaluable  to  the  student  of" 
education  ;  while  his  illuminating  Introduction,. 
in  which  he  traces  the  evolution  of  the  grammar 
school,  Indus  literarius  (a  term  found  in  Plautus),. 
will  be  of  interest  to  all  readers. 

The  study  of  Greek  was  introduced  into  schools,. 
it  seems,  by  Archbishop  Theodore  of  Tarsus, 
though  the  teaching  of  the  classics  had  been 
sternly  prohibited  by  Pope  Gregory  the  Great. 
From  the  very  beginning  the  school  and  the- 
Church,  the  master  and  the  priest,  stood  to  one 
another  in  the  closest  relationship,  and  the  bishop 
was  the  school  inspector.  An  interesting  refer- 
ence to  the  game  of  football  in  London  schools 
occurs  in  1118,  when  the  boys  resort  to  a  field 
in  the  suburbs  ad  lusum  pilce  celebrem  ;  but  we 
question  whether  this  means  "  a  solemn  game 
of  ball,"  as  Mr.  Leach  translates  it,  unless  boys 
of  that  date  were  very  different  from  those  of 
ours.  We  also  much  doubt  whether  the  fact  of 
salutary  discipline  being  administered  in  St. 
Albans  Grammar  School,  1309,  by  the  bachelors, 
bacularii,  indicates  that  they  got  their  name 
from  the  disciplinary  stick,  baculus  (p.  xxx). 

We  have  noticed  a  few  other  slips.  Mr.  Leach 
translates  Alcuin's  line  "  Cassiodorus  item, 
Chrysostomus  atque  Johannes,"  "  Cassiodorus, 
Chrysostom  and  John  "  (p.  17),  as  if  three  persons 
were  referred  to  instead  of  two.  Johannes  le- 


300 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES- 


[11  S.  IV.  OCT.    7,  1911. 


Plumer,  usher  at  a  school  in  1311,  is~more  likely 
to  have  been  a  penman,  plumarius,  than  a  plumber 
(p.  255).     When  a  Merton  boy  in  his  school-bill, 
1300,  is  charged  a  halfpenny  "  pro  sutura  cali- 
garum  et  pro  agulet,"   the  last  item  is  not  an 
eylet,  as  Mr.  Leach  suggests,  but  evidently  the 
needle  used  in  the  darning  of  his  socks  (old  Fr. 
aiguilette,    a    diminutive   of   aiguille,  L.    aculeus, 
and  the  same  word  as  aglet).     On  p.   466  libell 
chartacci  is  misrendered  "  parchment  note-books. 
It  might  have  been  pointed  out  that  the  glomeri 
(grammar)   studied   at   Cambridge,    1276,    is   th 
same  word  as  our  "  glamour  "  ;    and  a  note  t 
explain  who  was  the  writer  Susenbrotus,  read  b 
the  Westminster  boys  in  1560,  would  have  been 
welcome. 

Mr.  Leach  has  provided  a  valuable  and  interest 
ing  book  on  a  much-neglected  subject. 

De  Quincey.     Edited  by  Sidney  Low.      "  Master 
of  Literature."     (Bell  &  Sons.) 

"  THERE  are  few  authors,"  the  editor  remarks 
"  who  have  less  to  lose  and  more  to  gain  by 
being  read  in  Selections.  The  best  of  him  can 
toe  presented  in  comparatively  small  compass.' 
The  selections  are  well  chosen  for  diversity  o 
style,  critical  essays  being  included,  besides 
.extracts  from  the  '  Confessions,'  the  '  Satire, 
*  The  English  Mail  Coach,'  '  Analecta,'  and  others 
In  the  Introduction  the  personality  is  wel 
touched  of  the  modest,  reserved  little  man,  with- 
out reticence  in  print,  to  whom  "  not  many  things 
happened,"  whose  adventures  were  "  those  of  the 
spirit  and  intellect  "  ;  and  some  pleasant  anec- 
dotes make  us  regret  our  author's  own  censure  of 
all  anecdotes  as  false.  Mr.  Low  seems  at  times 
to  have  doubted  unnecessarily  his  own  capacity 
for  being  intelligible,  so  that  a  fresh  paragraph 
begins  by  telling  us  what  we  have  already  well 
understood  in  the  last. 

Speaking  of  De  Quincey's  appreciation  of  music, 
Mr.  Low  suggests  that  the  "  spirit  of  the  great 
tone-poets  gives  a  distinctive  quality  to  the  best 
of  his  writing."  Of  Charles  Lamb's  deficiency  in 
this  sense  he  says  :  "  It  follows  that  he  [Lamb]  has 
no  sense  of  the  rhythmical  in  prose  composition." 
It  is  interesting  to  note  that  poets  and  prose- 
poets  are  often  deficient  in  the  musical  sense.  We 
cannot,  however,  agree  that  Charles  Lamb  had 
tl  no  sense  of  the  rhythmical  in  prose  composition." 
In  the  writings  of  Elia  there  is  surely  some  of  the 
rhythm^  and  cadence,  the  "lucent  vision  of 
Mozart,"  which  Mr.  Low  discovers  in  De  Quincey. 
But  we  applaud  the  stress  which  Mr.  Low  lays 
upon  the  metrical  quality  of  the  best  prose. 

The  editor's  notes,  heading  his  selections,  are 
interesting,  and  the  book  should  find  wide  appre- 
ciation. 

IN  The  Cornhill  for  October  Mr.  A.  C.  Benson 
concludes  his  '  Leaves  of  the  Tree  '  with  a  paper 
on  Matthew  Arnold.  He  tells  of  an  occasion 
when  his  father,  then  Bishop  of  Truro,  was 
bantered  by  Arnold  in  a  manner  not  quite  tactful. 
He  quotes  the  phrase  used  as  an  instance  of  one 
of  those  half-genial,  half-ironical  utterances  which 
gave  rise  to  that  reputation  for  conscious  supe- 
riority which  the  '  Letters  '  belied.  On  Matthew 
Arnold  and  education  Mr.  Benson  has  little  that 
is  new  to  say.  In  the  essayist's  opinion  it  was 
Arnold  s  religious  position  and  influence  which 
most  effectively  helped  his  generation. 


*  A  Garden  in  Shadwell '  is  an  eloquent  appeal 
by  the  Bishop  of  Stepney  for  carrying  out  the 
plan  of  a  riverside  breathing-space  for  East 
London  as  a  memorial  of  King  Edward  VII. 
The  Bishop  has  discovered  a  suitable  site,  and 
suggests,  as  adjuncts  to  the  scheme,  a  floating 
swimming  bath,  a  basin  of  shallow  water  for  the 
children,  and  a  garden  which  would  revive  the 
tradition  for  famous  roses  which  still  lingers  in 
the  neighbourhood.  Such  a  terrace,  garden,  and 
playground  conjures  up  a  pleasant  vision  in  a 
desert  of  dismal  monotony  which  we  may  well 
hope  may  before  long  become  a  practical  reality. 

In  '  Leaves  from  a  Note-Book  in  Denmark  ' 
Mr.  Edmund  Gosse  describes  the  publishing  house 
of  Gyldendal.  The  idea  of  embracing  all  that 
was  best  in  Norway  in  one  common  fold  with  the 
best  of  Denmark  was  the  aim  of  the  most  dis- 
tinguished member  of  the  firm — Frederik  Hegel. 
At  his  graveside  Georg  Brandes  said  that  Hegel 
had  enabled  the  little  Denmark  to  subjugate  the 
literature  of  so  proud  and  so  sensitive  a  neigh- 
bour as  Norway. 

Dr.  W.  H.  Fitchett  writes  of  '  Waterloo  as 
Napoleon  Saw  It '  ;  while  short  stories  are 
'  The  Bust  of  Marcel  Mathieu,'  by  Katharine 
Tynan,  and  '  Lex  Talionis,  by  Mr.  W.  H.  Adams, 
the  latter  a  vivid  description  of  a  Gold  Coast 
fetish  shrine  and  of  the  perils  and  desperate 
courage  found  in  the  native  convert  to  Chris- 
tianity. In  '  At  the  Sign  of  the  Plough  '  appear 
a  set  of  questions  on  Kipling  by  Mr.  C.  L.  Graves, 
and  the  answers  to  questions  on  Dr.  Johnson. 
[Notices  of  other  magazines  next  week.] 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
uid  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
iication,  but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
communications  which,  for  any  reason,  we  do  not 
print,  and  to  this  rule  we  can  make  no  exception. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
lor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  arid  otner  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
:o  "The  Editor  of  '  Notes  and  Queries'" — Adver- 
oisements  and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub 
ishers  "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
rane,  E.G. 

To  secure  insertion  of  communications  corre- 
pondents  must  observe  the  following  rules.  Let 
ach  note,  query,  or  reply  be  written  on  a  separate 
hp  of  paper,  with  the  signature  of  the  writer  and 
ucn  address  as  he  wishes  to  appear.  When  answer  - 
ng  queries,  or  making  notes  w  ith  regard  to  previous 
ntnes  in  the  paper,  contributors  are  requested  to 
Hit  in  parentheses,  immediately  after  the  exact 
leading,  the  series,  volume,  and  page  or  pages  to 
which  they  refer.  Correspondents  who  repeat 
ueries  are  requested  to  head  the  second  com- 
numcation  "  Duplicate." 

RAYMUND  ("Shakespeare's  Monument  at  Strat- 
ord  ).— See  one  of  the  lives  of  Shakespeare. 

J.  P.  S.  ("Consumption").— Not  suitable  for  our 
olumns. 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  H,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


301 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  Ik,  1911. 


CONTENTS.-NO.  94. 

NOTES  :— Fulke  Greville,  Lord  Brooke  :  his  Epitaph,  301— 
Inscriptions  at  St.  John's,  Westminster,  302—"  Wigesta," 
304  — Tilleman  Bobart  —  Jonathan  Wild's  Influence  — 
Hamlet  Johnson,  1590—'  Remarkable  Passages  in  the  Life 
of  a  Private  Gentleman,'  305  — Funeral  with  Heraldic 
Accessories — Gordon  of  Park  Baronetcy — The  Macdonald 
Chieftainship,  306  —  Sundial  Inscription  —  Rev.  John 
M 'Bride— Richmond,  Yorkshire  :  Market  Custom,  307. 

OUERIES  .'—Nelson  :  "  Musle  "—John  Jarvis  the  Dwarf- 
Mr.  Stock,  Bibliophile.  1735,  307— Midhurst  Grammar 
School— Jonathan  Wild's  "Ghost"— Statues  in  Venice- 
Alexander  Ross  :  Wm.  Ross— John  Preston,  D.D.— Bishop 
Percy,  308— Norman  Court :  Whitehead  Family— Authors 
Wanted—'  Nibelungenlied  ' :  its  Localities— Baked  Pears 
==  Wardens  — "  Bon-chr^tien  "  Pears  —  Robert  Parr,  Cen- 
tenarian, 309 — Dr.  W.  Mead,  Centenarian — Earl  of  Jersey's 
Ancestress— Obsolete  Fish— Coloman  Mikszath's  Works  in 
English— John  Lord,  Bt.— Wanstead  Flats  and  George  III. 
— Angell  Family  — "  Friday  "  as  Christian  Name  —  Le 
Botiler  Family,  310. 

REPLIES  :-Madeleine  Hamilton  Smith,  311-Miles's  Club, 
312— Ceylon  Officials— C.  Corbett,  Bookseller—"  All  my 
eye  and  Betty  Martin  "— '  A  Caxton  Memorial  '—George  I. 
Statue  in  Leicester  Square,  313— Pope's  Description  of 
Swift—"  Busy  as  Batty  "— Tattershall :  Grantham,  314— 
Hulda— Dates  in  Roman  Numerals— Bibles  with  Curious 
Readings— The  Lord  Chief  Justice  and  the  Sheriff— 
1  Essay  on  the  Theatre,'  315— Leman  Street— Urban  V.'s 
Family  Name,  316— "Pile"  Side  of  Scissors— C.  Elstob— 
Zadig  of  Babylon— Hunyadi  Janos,  317— John  Owen— 
"Hie locus  odit,"  &c. — "Terrapin,"  318. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS:  — Capt.  Whitaker's  'Enfield'  — 
Reviews  and  Magazines. 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 
Notices  to  Correspondents. 


FULKE  GREVILLE,  LORD  BROOKE: 
HIS    EPITAPH. 

THE  violent  death  suffered  by  Lord  Brooke 
at  the  hands  of  his  valet  Ralph  Haywood 
is  well  known.  Apparently  in  his  will 
Brooke  had  granted  annuities  to  many  of  his 
dependents,  but  for  some  unknown  reason 
omitted  any  mention  of  his  old  servant  Hay- 
wood.  The  '  Dictionary  of  National  Bio- 
graphy '  says  : — 

"  The  neglect  rankled  in  Hay  wood's  mind, 
and  on  1  Sept.  following,  while  waiting  on  his 
master  as  he  lay  in  bed  at  his  London  house  in 
Holborn,  Haywood  charged  him  with  injustice. 
Brooke  severely  rebuked  Haywood's  freedomfof 
speech,  whereupon  Haywood  stabbed  him  with 
a  sword.  Haywood  straightway  withdrew  to 
another  room  and  killed  himself.  Brooke  was 
seventy -four  years  old  and  did  not  long  survive  his 
wound.  He  died  30  Sept.,  1628,  after  adding  one 
more  codicil  to  his  will  bequeathing  handsome 
legacies  to  his  surgeons  and  attendants  in  his 
illness." 


As  a  result  of  this  unfortunate  affair  two 
attacks  on  Brooke  and  his  character  have 
come  down  to  posterity.  The  one  is  a 
tractate  (B.M.  Addit.  MS.  4839,  printed 
in  *  Biographia  Britannica  ' )  representing 
Brooke  as  extremely  parsimonious ;  the 
other  is  an  epitaph  in  verse,  also  repre- 
senting Brooke  as  parsimonious.  It  seems 
strange  that  both  of  these  pieces  should 
attack  Brooke  at  the  one  point  that  we  take 
to  be  unassailable — his  generosity. 

The  only  copy  hitherto  known  of  the 
defamatory  epitaph  was  first  reproduced  in 
Huth's  *  Inedited  Poetical  Miscellanies,' 
1870.  This  has  been  reprinted  in  Grosart's 
edition  of  Brooke's  works  ("  Fuller  Worthies' 
Library  ").  Recently  I  purchased  a  seven- 
teenth-century commonplace  book  dating 
from  about  1640.  In  this  volume  appears 
again  the  defamatory  epitaph,  in  fuller  form 
(with  the  addition  of  six  lines)  and  with 
different  and  generally  better  readings. 
I  am  sorry  if  the  re-occurrence  of  this  poem 
shows  that  the  number  of  Brooke's  enemies 
was  larger  than  has  been  generally  sup- 
posed. Since  the  poem  has  already  been 
printed,  and  will  probably  be  of  permanent 
interest  to  students  of  Brooke,  I  desire  to 
record  this  fuller  and  better  version  : — 

Epitaph  on  the  old  swearing  Lord  Brookes. 

Reader  I'le  be  sworne  vpon  a  booke 

Here  lies  ye  Bight  vgly  ye  Ld  Brooke 

Who,  as  I  have  a  soule  to  save, 

Did  not  deserve  to  have  a  grave. 

For  I  would  I  might  never  goe  farther 

He  was  accus'd  of  a  horrible  murther 

Because  t'was  thought  he  began 

To  kill  one  Ralph  Howard  his  man 

Wch  for  my  part  by  Gods  lyd 

I  beleave  he  never  did. 

Ill  natur'd  he  was,  else  l#t  me  never  wagg, 

For  he  never  was  known  to  lend  his  f reind  a  nagg  ; 

And  would  to  God  I  were  fleade 

If  he  lock  not  in  his  trunke  ye  nippins  of  bread 

Besides  would  I  might  never-  stirr  more 

But  for  spending  he  would  have  line  wth  a  whore. 

And  it  would  make  a  man  very  sick 

To  thinke  how  ill  he  rewarded  his  musick. 

Nay,  there  be  a  huge  company  thinke 

He  wrote  down  few  legacies  for  sparing  Inke. 

For  I  protest  and  as  I  hope  to  live 

Of  all  things  on  earth  he  did  not  love  to  give 

For  so  costive  he  was  and  wary  of  thrift 

He  would  not  helpe  his    freind  at  a  dead  lift. 

He  call'd  his  executor  ragga  muffin 

Because  he  was  expensive  to  buy  a  new  coffin 

For  I  pray,  quoth  he,  to  what  intent 

Should  ye  wormes  be  well  hous'd  since  they  pay 

no  rent  ? 

And  by  this  sad  light  that  shines 
He  thought  it  simple  to  pay  tithes  to  divines 
For  when  he  was  dying,  he  disputed  at  large 
Whether  his  soule  might  travell  to  save  charge 
And  just  as  his  soule  was  about  to  begone 
Cause  corne  was  deare  he  eate  brown  bread!  at  the 

com'union. 


302 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  14, 1911 


Solitary  he  was  for  going  a  lone 

No  body  would  goe  with  but  that's  all  one. 

To  save  Faggotts  in  winter  by  Dragon  &  Bell 

Most  are  of  opinion  he  went  to  hell. 

Well,  would  I  might  never  goe  out  of  ye  rome^i 

Hee'le  be  very  Melancholly  at  ye  day  of  doome. 

JOSEPH  QUINCY  ADAMS,  Jun. 
Cornell  University,  Ithaca,  N.Y. 


INSCRIPTIONS    IN    BURIAL-GROUND 
OF  ST.   JOHN'S,  WESTMINSTER. 

THIS  burial-ground,  now  a  public  garden, 
is  in  Horseferry  Road.  The  inscriptions  are 
gradually  disappearing,  owing  to  the  scaling 
of  the  stone  and  the  depredations  of  the 
children  who  frequent  the  place.  A  tablet 
on  the  west  wall  has  the  following  : — 

St.  John  the  Evangelist,  |  Westminster.  |  This 
burial-ground  having  been  closed  for  |  interments 
by  order  in  Council,  dated  Oct.  31st,  1853,  |  was 
opened  as  a  public  garden  |  May  23rd,  1885,  by  | 
their  Graces  the  Duke  and  Duchess  of  West- 
minster. |  C.  W.  Furse,  Rector,  |  F.  Seager  Hunt, 
Treasurer,  |  Charles  Wright,  Hon.  Secretary. 

Mr.  John  Edward  Smith  in  his  '  Parochial 
Memorials  of  St.  John  the  Evangelist, 
Westminster  '  (1892),  gives  a  full  history  of 
this  burial-ground,  which  was  purchased  in 
1729  and  consecrated  in  1731,  but  says 
little  about  the  inscriptions.  He  mentions 
No.  224,  in  which  the  date  and  age  are  not 
now  clearly  legible,  which  had  been  clumsily 
altered  to  make  the  age  of  the  deceased  appear 
as  146,  instead  of  46,  and  states  the  correct 
year  of  death  to  be  1732.  The  tombstones 
are  placed,  some  against  the  east  and  west 
walls  of  the  garden,  some  as  slabs  beneath 
those  walls.  On  the  west  side  a  number  of 
slabs  are  concealed  under  the  gardener's 
tool-houses,  glass-houses,  &c.,  and  it  was 
impossible  to  get  at  them.  These  abstracts 
were  made  in  July,  1911. 

1.  A  four-sided  tomb  within  a  railing  near  the 
north-west  corner. 

Mrs.  Eliz.  Roome,  d.  12  Sept.,  1762,  a.  28. 

Mr.  Wm.  Bacchus,  d.  9  Oct.,  1767,  a.  31. 

Mrs.  Grace  Bacchus,  mother  of  the  above, 
d.  17  Sept.,  1771,  a.  64. 

Mr.  John  Bacchus,  f.  of  the  above  Eliz.  and 
Wm.,  d.  23  May,  1781,  in  his  81st  year. 

Arms,  Quarterly,  a  saltire.  Crest,  a  (horse  ?) 
passant,  gorged  (?) 

.  WEST  SIDE. 

A  line  of  headstones  placed  against  the  wall, 
beginning  at  .south  end. 

2.  Eliz.  Sarah,  w.  of  James  Boys,  of  this  p., 
d.    27    April,    1831,    a.    50.     Wm.    Henry   Boys, 
second  s.  of  the  above,  d.  19  Dec.,  1833,  at  Old 
Calabar,  on  the  coast  of  Africa,  in  his  27th  year. 
Martha,     dau.    of    James    and    Jane    Bojs,     d. 
22  Sept.,  1845,  a.  2  years  6  months. 


3.  Margaret  Tappenden,  of  this  p.,  b.  2  Dec 
1752,  d.  28  April,  1838.     James  Tappenden,  husb'I 
of  the  above,  b.  1  Oct.,  1742,  d.  (30)  April,  18(11). 
Sophia  Frances  Tappenden,  wid.,  dau.  of  the  above 
James  Tappenden. . . . 

4.  John  Schrader,  d.  11  Jan.,  1837,  a.  43. 

5.  Samuel   Kay,    Esq.,    of under   Line,    in 

the ncaster,       Surgeon temporary  . . 

10  June,  1845,  a.  48. 

[The  following  three  stones  are  partially  covered 
oy  a  manure  heap.] 

6.  Ann  Trickett,  d mber  16...          a    7- 

Also 

7.  [Illegible.'] 

8.  Augustin  Le  Maire,  d.  30  Dec a.  61. 

9.  Mrs.  Clarissa  Pocock,  w.  of  Mr.  Wm.  Pocock 
of  Palace  Street,  Westminster,  d.  15  Dec.,  18(3)1 
a.  (4)2.      Also  in 1886,  a.  10  yrs mths 

10.  John  Clarke,  d.  3  Sept.,  1834,  a.  66.     Phillis 
w.  of  the  above,  d.  12  June,  1842,  a.  70. 

11.  The  family  grave  of  John  and  Mary  Ann 
Darby.     Robert    Darby,    d.    20    Oct.,    1843,    a. 
16  mths.     Jane  Darby,  d.  21  May,   1852,  a.   13 
mths. 

12.  Maria  Elizabeth,  d.  of  Chas.  William  and 
Elizabeth  Wright,  of  Bowling  Street,  d.  14  Dec 
1840,  a.  2  yrs.  7  mths. 

13.  William     Walters,     d.     21     March,     1829 
^   o2"  T^rs'  ,Eliza  Walters>  wid.   of  the  above, 
d.   23   July,   1829,  a.  50.     Jane  Morris  Walters' 
dau.  of  the  above,  d.  16  Feb.,  1834,  a.  15. 

14.  Sally    Beech,     d.     19     Dec.,    1836,     a.    56. 
Joseph  Beech,  husb.  of   the  above,  d.    4    July, 
1838,  a.  68. 

15 n  Barber. . . . 

16.  Mary,  w.  of  Mr.  Isaac  Wilkinson,  d.  3  Aug., 
1845,  a.  74. 

17.  Mr.    Thomas    Aldin,    d.    18    March,    1845, 
a.  61,  having  lived  more  than  30  years  in  this- 
parish.     Matilda   Aldin,    his    wid.,    d.    13    April,. 
1847,  a.  63. 

18.  Charlotte,  w.  of  William  Hemblen  Brissen- 
den,   of  this  p.,  d.  8  Jan.,   1839,  a.  41.     W.  H. 
Brissenden,   husb.    of    the    above,    d.    27    Feb.^ 

19.  Richard  Pitt,  of  this  p.,  d.  29  Dec.,  1841. 
a.  63.    Catherine  Pitt,  wid.  of  the  above,  d.  9  June, 
1853,  a.  71.     Henry  Ric.    Harris    Deane,  grand- 
son of  the  above,  d.  10  Oct.,  1853,  a.  2(3). 

20.  Mrs.  Sarah  Coster,  w.  of  Mr.  John  Coster, 
of  Smith  Square,  d.  15  Feb.,  1847,  a.  65. 

21.  Mr.    E.   Bright,    d.    11    Dec.,    1834,   a.   37. 
Also   Mrs.    Eliza    Aldridge,    wid.    of    the    above, 

£  28  I5dt  iSV.  a.  3l9yea?harleS'  """  ^^^ 

22.  Isabella    Jane,    w.    of    George    Gaven,    d. 
9  Oct.,  1838,  in  her  19th  year.     Edward  Lovett 
Hopkins,   s.   of  Edward  John    and    Sarah  Mary 
Hopkins,  b.  25  Sept.,  1847,  d.  5  April,  1848. 

23.  M isman  |  who ber,     1836  I  A 

s  | of  |  Mr.    Thomas    Sisman  I  who    died     3: 

Nov.,  1836,  |  a.  64. 

24.  Thomas    Witford,    d.    28    May,    1831,    a.. 
23  months. 

25.  The  three  children  of  William  and  Margaret 
Seymour.     William    Curtis,     d.     9     Nov.,     1836, 
a.  4  yrs.  6  months.     Thomas  Edward,  d.  24  Nov., 
1836,    a.     17    months.     Margaret,    d.    14    Oct., 
1840,  a.  20  months. 

26.  Mrs.  Eliz.  Mercer,  formerly  of  Dover,  late 
of  this  p.,  d.  31  Oct.,  1829,  a.  69.     Mr.  Robert 
Todman,  of  Edinburgh,  d.  11  Aug.,  1834,  a.  50. 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  14,  i9ii.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


303 


27.  Elizabeth  Tuffnal,  w.  of  George  Hayes,  of 
St.  Margaret's,  d.  8  July,  1840,  in  her  29th  year. 
Also   George   and   William,    sons    of   the   above, 
a.  20  months. 

28.  Miss  Elizabeth  Wyatt,  d 1830.  Susanna 

Hughes,   d.   18   March,   1831,   a.   40.     Miss  Ann 
Mallett,  d.  15  Feb.,  1841,  a.  72. 

29.  Mrs.    Sarah    Boehm    Standfast,    niece    of 
George  Pink,  Esq.,  of  Abingdon  St.     (Date  gone.) 

30.  Mr.  Benjamin  Brown,  of  this  p.,  d.  22  Feb., 

1827,  a.  78.     Mr.  Robert  Brown,  bro.  of  the  above, 
d.  18  July,  1827,  a.  74.     Mrs.  Mary  Brown,  sister 
of  the  above,  d.  22  Aug.,  1833,  a.  7(8). 

31.  Elizabeth  Augusta,  d.  of  James  H.  S.  and 
Sarah  Farebrother,  d.  15  Dec.,  1827,  a.  14  months. 

32.  Mrs.  Mary  Fleetham,  d.  20  Jan.,  1829,  a.72^ 

33.  David  Batt  Rawden,  d.  16  Sept.,  182(5), 
a.  45. 

[Two    stones    occur    here,    hidden    behind    the 
gardener's  house.] 

34.  (Mary),  w.   of  Mr.  —  Harris,  d.  31   Dec., 
1823,  a.   80.     Mrs.  Mary  Maskell,   d.  23  March, 
1840,  a.  94. 

35.  Jane,  w.  of  Wm.  Mack,  d.  28  June,  1827, 
a.  43.    Emma,  w.  of  Wm.  Mack,  jun.,  d.  23  April, 
1833,  a.  23. 

36.  Hugh,  s.  of  Capt.  John  Piper,    of  Norfolk 
Island,  in  the  South  Pacific,  b.  23  Aug.,   1808, 
d.  16  Jan.,  1813,  leaving  his  afflicted  parents  to 
deplore  his  loss. 

37.  Mr.  John  Miles,  of  this  p.,  d.  Jan.  4,  1810, 
a.    46.     John,    s.    of   the   above,  drowned   when 
bathing    in    the    Thames,    on    Sunday    morning, 
26  May,  1811,  a.   19.     Mrs.  Margaret  Miles,  w. 
of  the  above,  d.  22  May,  1839,  in  her  70th  year. 

38.  Elizabeth  Home,  d.  April  7,  1799,  a.  77. 

39.  Frederica  Shuter  Ruffe,  d.  Sept.  11,  1815, 
a.   7    mths.     Lavinia  Shuter   Ruffe,   d.   Aug.   8, 
1822,  in  her  llth  year.     James  Ruffe,  d.  April  7, 

1828,  a.  12  mths.     Henry  Ruffe,  d.  Dec.  5,  1829, 
a.  7  mths.     Alfred  Ruffe,  d.  27  Aug.,  1830,  a.  — 

40.  Harriet  Hunt,    d.   of    James   and  Harriet 
Hunt,  d.  March  6,  1816,  a.  3  yrs. 

41.  Hugh   Cracroft,   b.    15    Nov.,    1794,    d.    16 
March,  1796.     Frederick  William,  (eldest?)  s.  of 
Alexander  Wilson,  Esq.,  b.  at  Onore  hi  the  E. 

|      Indies,  25  June,  1809,  d.|6  Aug.,  1814. 

42.  Mrs.    Anne   Barker,    w.    of   Mr.    Nathaniel 
Barker,  d.  Feb.  21,  1829,  in  her  53rd  year. 

43.  Mrs.  Catherine  Bickley,  d.  Oct.  29,   1815, 
a.    72.     Mrs.    Sarah  Barrow,  dau.  of  the  above, 
d.  Aug.  20,  18—,  a.  75. 

44.  Edward  Stephenson,   s.   of    Lieut. -Colonel 
....  a.  (4?). 

45.  Mr el     Hughes  | ter-master     Ser- 
geant | llth  Regt.  Foot,  j  d.  13  Mar.,  1838, 

in  his  45th  year. 

46.  S.  N.,  d.  18  Jan.,  1823,  a.  79.     Mr.  Robert 
Cadman,  d.  Oct.  28, 1832,  a.  63. 

47.  Sarah,   w.    of   Thomas  Baker,    of   this   p., 
d.    March   30,    1821,    a.    60.     Mr.    Thos.    Baker, 
d.  Feb.  4,  1831,  a.  65. 

48.  Mr.  John  Morlidge,  d.  25  June,  1825,  a.  48. 

49.  Rear-Admiral  Cornthwaite  Ommanney,  d. 
26  March,  1801,  a.  65.     Martha,  his  wid.,  died  18 
March,  1813,  a.  65.    Edmund  Woods  Ommanney, 
their  grandson,  s.  of    Henry  >nd  Ann  Manaton, 
d.  19  May,  1813,  a.  2  years.      Anthony  Tenterden 
Hollist,  b.  Dec.  14,  1830,  d.  May  6,  1836.     John 
Hasler  Hollist,  b.  Jan.  16,  1832,  d.  May  1,  1836. 


Capron  Hollist,  b.  Feb.  16,  1834,  d.  May  3,  183ft 
Sons  of  Hasler  Hollist,  of  Lodsworth,  Sussex,. 
Esq.,  and  Georgiana,  his  w.,  the  dau.  of  Molyneux 
Ommanney. 

50.  George  Noble,  Esq.,  Purser  in  the  Royal 
Navy,    Secretary    to    the    Admiral. ..  .Viscount 
Duncan,  d.  15  June,  1804,  in  his  48th  year. 

51.  John   Kennedy,    of    this   p.,    d.    12    Nov.r 
1825,  a.  75. 

52.  Robert  Johns,   d.    14   April,   1836,   a.   22. 
Also  two  of  his  sisters,   Elizabeth,   d.   10   Nov., 
1823,  a.  18  mths.     Sarah,  d.  14th a.  3  yrs. 

53.  Louisa  Wilcock,  d.  15  June,  1845,  a.  34, 
An  affectionate  wife,,  a  kind  and  dutiful  mother. 

EAST  SIDE. 

Headstones  against  the  wall,  beginning  at 
northern  end. 

54.  Stamp.     [The  rest  blank.] 

55.  [Blank.] 

56.  Mr.  Thomas  Tee,  of  this  p.,  d.  Jan.  3,  1820;, 
a.  39.     Also  2  daughters  and  1  son. 

57 Nicholson.... 

58.  John    Osbobni,    d.    Jan.    (17)7-,    [in    the]! 
49th  year  of  his  age.    Also  2  chn.,  John,  d.  16  Dec.,. 
1776,  a.  lyr 

59.  Maria    Parkins,    d.    Mar.    -,    18 — .     Wm^ 
Parkins .... 

60.  Mr.    Jacob    Segrott,    baker,    of    this    p., 
d.  12  Sept.,  18(11),  a.  40.     Also  Eliza,  dau.  of  the 
above    and  Ann,  his  w.,  d.  10  Feb.,  1812,  a.  4. 
Mary,  d.  of  sd  Jacob  and  Ann  Segrott,  d.  Aug.  19,. 
1815,  a.  11. 

61.  Rebecca  Bullock,  d.  21  Sept.,  1801,  a.  42. 
Mr.   James  Bullock,  father   of  the  above,  d.   30 
Sept.,  1801,  a.  69.     Also  Mr.   Edward  Bullock. 
[Lower  portion  of  stone  hidden.] 

62.  Barnett  Winsla(de),  d.  18  Feb.,  1826,  in  his 
65th  year.     He  was  14  years  Parish  Clerk.     Also- 
Jane  Winsla(de) of  the  above 

63.  [Nearly  all  gone.] 

64.  [do.]  d.  1821. 

65 or,    w[ife] el    Bish — ,    of    this    p.,. 

d.  2  Feb., Also  Henry  Will  Bis — ,  the  s.  of 

the  above.     [Lower  part  hidden.] 

66.  Mrs.  Margaret  Richards,  w.   of  Mr.  George 
Richards,  of  this  p.,  d.  —  18(11).     Also  Mr.  Geo. 
Richards,  husb.  of  the  above,  d.  — ,  181-. 

67.  Mr.  (David)  Borrow 

68.  Edward  Richards,  d.  19  Feb.,  1843,  a.  24, 
Stone  laid  by  his  youngest  bro.,  H.  G.  R. 

69.  William  (James). 

70.  John,  s.  of  Robert  and  Martha  Robinson,, 
of  this  p.,  d.  May  3,  1820,  a.  7  months. 

71.  [All  gone.] 

72.  Mr.   James   Caldwall,    artist,   d.   9   March , 
1822,  a.  84.     Jane  Hogg,  sp.,  d.  14  Oct.,  1834,  in 
her  81st  year. 

73.  Mr.  Thomas  Greenaway,  d.  Oct.  22,  1786, 
a.  66.     Mrs.  Susanah  Greenaway,  wid.  of  the  above, 
d.  30  Nov.,  1792,  a.  79.     Mrs.  Martha  Mitchell, 
d.  20  Oct.,  179-,  a.  -4  yrs. 

74.  Thomas,  s.  of  John  and  Mary  Lamb,  of  this 
p.,  d.  29  June,  1817,  in  his  18th  year.     Mr.  John 
Lamb,  f.  of  the  above,   d.  2  July,  1830,  a. — . 
Also  .... 

75.  Ann,w.  of  Thos.  Ward,  of  this  p.,  d.  Aug.  9, 
1846,  a.  46.     A  tender  mother. 

76.  Mary    Frances    Norris,    dau.    of    William 
and   Mary   Norris,   d.   2-  May,   1817,   a.   4  yrs, 
11    days.     Mrs.    Mary  ^  Norris,    w.    of    William, 


.•304 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s.  iv.  OCT.  u,  1911. 


d.  7  Nov.,  1829,  a.  57.     Prances  Mary  Spivey, 
granddau.    of    the  above,  d.  18  Jan.,  1832,  a.  6 
days. 

77.  Mrs.    Rebecck    (sic)    Hedger,    d.    —    Dec., 

1803,    a.    51.     Also    Mr.    William son-in-law 

:[to  the  ab]ove,  d.  12  Jan Also  Mr(s.)  El 

fWo]odwa[rd],    dau.    of   the   above  Mr.   William 
:[Wood]ward. 

78.  Samuel  Hemmings,  of  this  p.,  d.  13  March, 
1831,    a.    50.     Also    Mrs.    Susannah    Hemmings, 
w.  of  the  above,  d.  10  June,  1840,  a.  60.     Also 
Charles  John  H.,  s.  of  the  above .... 

79.  Leonard,  s.  of  Leonard  and   Lucy  Turney, 

•of  Millbank  St.,  d.  14 ary,  1821,  a.  — .     Also 

Thorn. .  . .,  bro.  of  above,  d ust,  1821.     Also 

Jo brother bov-,      d.    182-.        Also      Mr. 

Leonard 

80.  Mr.  Philip  Brassington,  d.  13  Feb.,  179(6), 
a.  66.     Mary,  w.  of  the  above,  d.  16  Feb.,  1807, 
a.  67.     Mr.  William  Brassington,  s.  of  the  above, 
d.  18(23).     Also.... 

81 widow  of d a.  (70). 

82.  Mr.  John  Lloyd,  d.  Nov.  13,  1835,  in  his 
70th    year.     An    affectionate    husband,     tender 
.father,  &c. 

83.  Sarah  Rogers,   d.   14  Feb.,    ....,  a.   1  yr. 
5   months.     Thomas   Rogers,    d.   23    Dec.,    1827, 
.a.  59. 

84.  John  Fortey,  late  of  Millbank,  d.  27  Feb., 
1793,  in  his  (4)3rdyear.     Mary,  hiswid.,  d.  12  May, 
1821,  a.  76.     Sarah,  d.  of  the  above,  d 1821. 

85.  Maria,  w.  of  Mr.  William  WTright,  d.  8  May, 
1836,  a.  29.  Also  2  chn.,  who  died  in  their  infancy. 
Also   Mrs.   Margaret  Goldh(a)wk,    d.    16    April, 
18-3,  a.  72,  mother  of  the  a 

86.  Mr.  John  Tomlin,  d.  24  Oct.,  1822,  a.  24. 
Also  Henry  Tomlin,  d.  9  April,  1823,  a.  13  months. 
Mr.  Alexander  Ritchie,  d.  20  June,  1845,  a.  (6)0. 

87.  William  (G) . . .  .Also  3  chn.  who  died  in 

88.  Mary   Johnson,    d.   of  Mr.   John  Johnson, 
of  this  p.,  Paviour,  and  Catherine,  his  w.,  who  d. 
•23  Sept.,  1795,  a.  5  months.     Also  Mr.  Woodu(s) 
Johnson,    f.    of    the    above   Mr.    John    Johnson, 
•d.  —  Jan.,  1797,  a.  — .    Also  Ha. . . .,  dau.  of. ... 

89.  George  Earnell,   d.  24  June,   1808,  a.  34. 
Georgiana    Earnell,    d.    25    May,    1813,    in    her 
tfth  year.     Also  the  chn.   of  Francis  and  Sarah 
Wheelhouse.     Francis,  d.  17  Jan.,  18 — ,  a.  3  yrs. 
1  month.  Sarah,  d.  20  July,  18-,    a.    5    years   8 

months.     Elizabeth  Ann,  d.  Aug., ,  a.  15  yrs. 

•9  months.     Also  the  above  Francis  Wheelhouse, 
a  native  of  Thirsk  in  Yorkshire,  d.  May,   1830, 
an  his  57th  year. 

G.  S.  PARRY,  Lieut. -Col. 
17,  Ashley  Mansions,  S.W. 

(To  be  continued.} 


"  WIGESTA." 

THIS  land-name  appears  in  the  *  Tribal 
Hidage,'  and  the  district  referred  to  is  the 
only  one  assessed  therein  at  900  hides. 
The  gen.  pi.  ending  in  -a  is  normal,  but  no 
tribe  or  sib  called  the  Wigestas  is  known, 
either  in  history  or  legend.  Of  course  there 
are  words  like  wigesta  :  Dr.  Gale,  for 
.instance,  adduced  Wigist(thorpe),  near 


Oundle  ;  and  Mr.  Brownbill  has  suggested 
Wichestan(stou),  the  name  of  a  Bedfordshire 
hundred  in  Domesday  Book.  But  the  for- 
mer indicates  Wit-gist ;  cf .  Witlaf ,  Witmund, 
Witwulf,  and  Eangist,  Frithugist,  Wulfgist  ; 
the  latter  is  the  Norman  representative 
of  an  O.E.  Wlh-stan(-es  stou),  ch  being  the 
Norman  way  of  indicating  the  guttural 
tenuis,  and  the  e  merely  euphonic.  There 
is  also  an  O.E.  name  Wlg-stan,  but  there  is 
no  reason  to  suppose  that  the  scribe  who  late 
in  the  tenth  century  copied  out  what  we 
call  the  *  Tribal  Hidage  '  would  have  intro- 
duced an  e  into  "  Wigstan,"  either  orally  or 
graphically. 

The  suggestion  that  g  in  wigesta  may 
represent  c  is  contrary  to  what  we  know  of 
the  palaeography  of  the  document.  It  has 
been  stated  in  previous  articles  that  medial 
g  in  this  MS.  of  c.  1000  sometimes  misre- 
presents n  ;  for  instance,  noxgaga,  ohtgaga, 
and  widerigga  have  been  shown  to  be  mis- 
takes for  Oxnaga,  Ohtnaga,  and  SuSerigna. 
A  fourth  instance  may  be  furnished  by 
wigesta,  and  the  hypothetical  form  *winesta 
points,  albeit  obscurely,  to  what  may  be  the 
true  word. 

In  the  ninth  and  tenth  centuries  there 
was  more  than  one  abnormal  way  of  forming 
the  letter  d,  and  among  the  errors  of  mediaeval 
scribes  must  be  included  the  substitution 
of  Is  for  initial  d,  and  of  sc  and  st  for  the 
same  letter,  both  in  initial  and  medial 
positions.  An  initial  d  composed  of  a 
reverted  s  followed  by  a  stroke  which  was 
mistakable  for  c  or  t  was  partly  responsible 
for  the  ghost- words  "  Scromail,"  "  Scroc- 
mail,"  "Scrocmagil"  (  —  Drocmagil  for  Broc- 
magil)  in  the  A.-S.  Chronicles  A,  E,  and  F 
(annal  607).  Gaimar's  "  Scorham  "  for  Deor- 
ham  may  also  be  cited.  Instances  of  medial 
st :  :  c?are  *1.  cebustus  :  :  gebudus  (i.e.,  Gepi- 
dus)  ;  2.  rostri  :  :  Rodri  ;  3.  dustnon  (with 
d  :  :  cl  and  on  :  :  ou)  :  :  Cludnou  ;  4.  cloust :  : 
Cloud  ;  5.  sercedur  (with  er  :  :  el)  :  :  selcestur 
(i.e.,  Silchester)  ;  6.  pilestius  :  :  piledius  (i.e., 
Pledius,  the  Irish  name  of  Palladius  the 
Deacon).  With  these  errors  in  view,  I 
suggest  that  wigest-  (with  g  :  :  n  and  st :  :  d) 


*  1.  'Hist.  Brittonum,'  Chartres  MS.,  scr. 
eleventh  cent.,  ed.  Mommsen,  p.  160,  1.  5 ;  2. 
'Annales  Cambrise,'  annal  ccclx,,  Harley  MS. 
3859,  scr.  c.  1110;  3.  '  Llyfr  Achau,'  scr,  c'.  1590; 
cf.  Archiv  f.  celtische  Lexikographie,  i.  520,  525;  4. 
Cotton  MS.  Domitian  A.  XVII.,  cited  by  Nicolas, 
'  Chronology  of  History.'  p.  140,  note ;  5.  '  The 
Text  of  the  Bruts  from  the  Red  Book  of  Hergest,' 
scr.  fourteenth  cent.,  ed.  Rhys  and  Evans,  p.  415; 
6.  see  '  The  Pedigree  of  Patrick,'  ed.  Stokes,  '  The 
Tripartite  Life  of  Patrick,'  from  twelfth-century 
MSS. 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  K,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


305- 


may     stand     for     the     familiar     stem-form 
Wined-. 

Wineda(land)  signifies  the  land  of  the 
Winedas.  This  race  is  referred  to,  inter  al., 
by  the  sea-captain  Ohthere,  whose  narrative 
was  included  by  King  Alfred  in  his  version 
of  Orosius.  Ohthere  indicated  the  position 
of  the  Danish  town  Haithaby,  which  the 
Anglo-Saxons  called  "  aet  HaeSum,"  in  the 
following  way  :  "  se  stent  betuh  Winedum 
and  Seaxum  and  Angle,  and  hyrS  in  on 
Dene  "  ;  i.e.,  "  it  stands  between  the  Wine- 
das  and  the  Saxons  and  Angeln,  and  belongs 
to  Denmark."  The  name  of  the  Winedas 
also  appears  in  the  fifth-century  poem  of 
'  Widsift,'  11.  58-62,  among  the  following 
names  of  Teutonic  tribes  :  Sweos,  Geats, 
South  Danes,  Wenlas  (i.e.,  Longobardi), 
Wsernas,  Wicingas,  Gefthas,  then  come  the 
Winedas,  followed  by  Gefflegas,  Englas, 
SwaBfas,  Seaxas,  Sycgas,  and  Sweord-Weras. 
That  the  Winedas,  and  the  Venedi  of 
Tacitus' s  '  Germania  '  (§  xlvi.),  and  the 
Wends  of  a  later  time,  were  the  same  people, 
has  never  been  proved,  and  the  stems 
Wined-  and  Wenod-,  Weonod-,  are  not  neces- 
sarily identical.  In  §  xl.  Tacitus  enumerates 
Longobardi  (cf.  Wenlum  of  "WidsiS"), 
Reudingi  (MS.  -igni),  Angli  (cf.  Englum), 
Varini  (cf.  Wsernum),  Eudoses,  Auiones, 
Suardones  (cf.  Sweord-Werum,  and  also 
Sweordona  of  our  '  T.  H.'  [MS.  -ora]),  and 
Giuthones  (MSS.  and  printed  texts  have 
nuithones,  a  hitherto  unexplained  form  in 
which  n  :  :  g,  and  the  three  minims =iu). 

I  know  of  but  one  place-name  in  Anglian 
Britain  which  appears  to  present  the  stem 
Wined-  :  it  is  "  Winnedona  "  (cf.  Lindesfar- 
ona  and  Sweord-ona).  This  was  near  Ash- 
bourne  in  Derbyshire,  and  it  occurs  in  a 
twelfth  -  century  charter  in  the  British 
Museum,  sc.  Wolley  Charter,  ix.  2.  Its  posi- 
tion is  unsuitable,  however,  because  wigesta 
comes  in  the  list  between  Spaldaland  and 
Herefarnaland.  ALFRED  ANSCOMBE. 


TILLEMAN  BOB  ART. — Forty-eight  years 
HENRY  T.  BOBART  stated  in  '  N.  & 
(3  S.  iii.  150)  that  he  would  be  glad  of  infor- 
mation respecting  Tilleman  Bobart  (son  of 
Jacob  Bobart,  first  Curator  of  the  Physic 
Garden  at  Oxford),  who  resided  at  Wood- 
stock. I  enjoyed  reading  '  N.  &  Q.'  in  1863, 
and  still  enjoy  reading  it  in  1911.  I  hope 
that  MR.  H.  T.  BOBART  is  alive  to  receive 
information  I  would  gladly  give  him  about 
Tilleman  Bobart.  GEORGE  MACKEY. 

Stratford  House,  Highgate,  Birmingham. 


JONATHAN  WILD'S  INFLUENCE. — In  The 
Daily  Journal  for  5  July,  1725,  appeared  the 
following  paragraph  which,  in  effect,  is  what 
would  now  be  termed  a  "  leader-note  "  : — 

"  The  Sessions  ended  last  Friday  [2  July]  at 
the  Old  Bailey,  when  Elizabeth  Roberts,  alias 
Bostock,  received  Sentence  of  Death  for  the 
Murther  of  a  Pastry  Cook  in  Swithin's-Lane.  'Tis 
remarkable  that  since  the  Dissolution  of  Jonathan 
Wild,  not  one  Felon  has  been  convicted  capitally, 
which  by  some  is  attributed  to  a  Reform  amongst 
the  Rogues,  and  by  others  to  the  Want  of  a 
proper  Person  to  detect  them  ;  but  be  these- 
Matters  as  they  may,  most  or  all  agree,  that  the 
giving  of  Mr.  Wild  his  Quietus,  was  just  and. 
absolutely  necessary." 

The  extreme  rarity  of  comment  upon  any 
subject  whatever  in"the  London  daily  press 
of  that  period  makes  this  outburst  the  more 
noteworthy,  as  showing  the  unique  position 
Wild  held*  in  the  public  mind.  It  remains 
only  to  be  added  that  a  fortnight  later  the 
woman  in  question  "  was  repriev'd  in  Order 
to  her  Pardon."  ALFRED  F.  BOBBINS. 

HAMLET  AS  BAPTISMAL  NAME  IN  1590. — 
The  register  of  the  Archdeaconry  of  Essex 
records  that  on  "  November  18,  1590,  in 
ecclesia  de  West  ham.  .  .  .Hamlettus  John- 
son de  West  ham  "  produced  a  certificate 
"  that  he  hath  reconciled  himself e  to  the 
minister  and  churchwardens,  and  confessed 
his  falte,  and  shewed  him  selfe  sorye  for 
his  offence,  and  promised  reformacion." 

A.  CLARK. 

Great  Leighs,  Chelmsford. 

[Many  instances  of  the  use  of  Hamlet  as  a 
Christian  name  will  be  found  at  10  S.  viii.  4,  155, 
237,  329,  418,  436 ;  xii.  98.  This  week's  Athenceum 
contains  an  epitaph  by  Peacock  on  a  schoolfellow- 
named  Hamlet  Wade.] 

'  ACCOUNT  OF  SOME  REMARKABLE  PAS- 
SAGES IN  THE  LIFE  OF  A  PRIVATE  GENTLE- 
MAN.'— I  have  before  me  a  copy  of  a  curious 
theological  work,  which  has  been  doubt- 
fully attributed  to  Daniel  Defoe  : — 

"  An  Account  of  some  Remarkable  Passages 
in  the  Life  of  a  Private  Gentleman  :  -with  Reflec- 
tions thereon.  In  Three  Parts.  Relating  to 
Trouble  of  Mind,  some  violent  Temptations, 
and  a  Recovery  ;  in  order  to  awaken  the  Pre- 
sumptuous, arid  encourage  the  Despondent. 
Left  under  his  own  Hand,  to  be  communicated 

to  the  Public  after  his  Decease Glasgow  £ 

Printed  for  and  sold  by  Robert  Banks,  Book- 
seller in  Stirling.  MDCCLXV."  I2mo,  pp.  250[2], 

At  the  end  is  "  A  List  of  the  Subscribers' 
Names,"  as  though  the  book  was  then- 
published  for  the  first  time.  The  first 
sdition  appeared  at  London  in  1708. 

Mr.  W.  H.  Allnutt  had  no  note  of  this, 
Stirling  bookseller. 

WILLIAM  E.  A.  AXON, 
Manchester. 


306 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [n  s.  iv.  OCT.  u,  ion. 


FUNERAL  WITH  HERALDIC  ACCESSORIES 
IN  1682. — The  following  transcript  of  an 
•estimate  for  a  funeral  with  heraldic  acces- 
sories, from  an  original  paper  in  my 
possession,  may  be  usefully  inserted  in 
•  N.  &  Q.'  :— 

For  Mr  Dugdale  to  give  an  Acct.  to   Mr   Henry 
Grey  of  Envile  Com.  Staff,  for  ye  Funerall 

of  an  Esqr.  Publiquely  Solemnized  : 
The  Boom  for  ye  Corps  to  be  ringed  -with 
Bayes  [baize],  the  Escocheons  for  the  Corps  on 
Buckram,  a  Pall  of  Velvet  Five  breadths,  a  Penon 
-of  his  Armes  His  Helme  &  Crest,  his  Coat  of  Armes, 
a,  Chief  Mourner  and  two  Assistants. 

This  is  ye  Rule  Established  by  ye  Lords  Comm'rs 
1668.  But  is  generally  varyed  in  these  2  par- 
ticulars : 

1.  The  Room  for  ye  Corps  to  be  hung  with 
bayes,   and  ye  outer  Room  ringed  with  bayes, 
.and  the  passage  or  Stair  Case  to  be  ringed  also. 

2.  The  Escocheons  for  ye  body  to  be  silk,  those 
in  ye  Room  for  ye  Corps  Buckram,  the  outward 
Room    &    passage    Paper    &    so    the    Church    or 
Chancell  which  is  usually  ring'd  with  bayes  also. 

If  there  be  three  officers  of  Armes,  then  one 
carries  ye  Penon,  another  the  Helme  &  Crest  & 
the  third  ye  Coat  of  Armes,  but  if  there  be  onely 
two,  then  ye  Penon  is  born  by  a  Relation  or 
Principal  Seryt  to  ye  Defunct,  as  ye  Officers  of 
Armes  shall  direct : 

There  may  require  : — 

£    s.  d, 

8  Silk  Scocheons  ©  6s.  8d 2  13  04 

2  doz.  of  Buckram  @,  30s.  per  doz.      . .  3  00  00 

.3  dozen  of  Paper  @  12s.  per  doz.          . .  4  16  00 
A  Penon  of  ye  Armes  to  hang  up  in  ye 

Church         . .           . .           . .           . .  2   13  04 

A  Surcoat  of  Armes  to  hang  up  in  ye 

Church         . .           . .           . .           . .  3  00  00 

Helm  &  Crest  &  Wreath  to  hang  up  in 

ye  Church 2  00  08 

Irons  to  hang  them  up,  boxes,  &c.      . .  10  00 

An  Atchievemt  over  ye'dore    . .          . .  3   10  00 
'The  Hire  of  a  Velvet  Pall  6s.  8d.  p.  diem 

10  days 3     6  08 

A  Depositum  on  Copper  for  ye  Coffin. .  1   10  00 
'Two  Officers  of  Armes  &  Transporta- 
tion money . .           . .           . .           ..  60  00  00 


88  06  00 

Where  there  is  a  publick  Funerall  ye  Officers 
•of  Armes  Register  a  Funeral  Certificate  Gratis 
which  otherwise  would  be  20  Nobles  the  Fee. 

The  Chief  Mourner  and  his  Two  Assistants  ye 
•Officers  of  Armes  &  he  who  carries  ye  Penon  may 
be  in  close  morning  vizt  Gownes  and  hoods,  the 
Rest  as  many  as  they  think  fitt  in  long  Cloakes. 
If  there  be  a  Horse  to  Carry  the  body  from  ye 
House  to  ye  Church  then  ye  Trimming  of  ye  Horse 
with  Shields,  Shaffroons,  Scocheon  &  Pencills  or 
Feathers  may  be  lOZi.  more. 

The  charge  for  the  helm  and  crest  was 
originally  entered  as  21.  6s.  8d.  ;  the  6s. 
was  struck  through,  but  was  included  in 
the  total,  88Z.  65.  Qd.  G.  B.  M. 


GORDON  OF  PARK  BARONETCY. — G.  E.  C. 
was  quite  correct  in  noting  ( '  Complete 
Baronetage,'  iv.  345)  that  Ernest  Gordon 
and  his  son  John  had  no  right  to  assume 
this  baronetcy,  as  the  former  did  on  the 
death  of  Sir  John  James  Gordon,  4th 
Baronet,  in  1780.  But  he  was  not  appa- 
rently aware  that  Sir  John  James  Gordon 
left  a  son,  John  Benjamin  Gordon  (born 
1  September,  1779),  who  survived  him, 
for  he  appears  among  the  children  in  a  '  List 
of  Cadets  in  England '  dated  25  Aiigust, 
1782,  though  he  is  not  in  the  next  issue, 
28  December,  1783.  The  baronetcy  was 
taken  up  in  1804  by  this  child's  younger 
brother  Sir  John  Bury  Gordon,  the  founder 
of  the  30th  (Indian)  Lancers,  (Gordon's 
Horse),  who  was  therefore  6th  and  not  5th 
Baronet.  Historians  of  the  baronetage  may 
be  interested  in  the  fact. 

J.  M.  BULLOCH. 

118,  Pall  Mall,  S.W. 

THE  MACDONALD  CHIEFTAINSHIP. — The 
Times  of  22  September,  under  the  heading 
'  Highland  Feud  Settled  :  the  Chieftainship 
of  the  Clan  Macdonald,'  contained  the  follow- 
ing :— 

"  An  arrangement  has  been  arrived  at  for  the 
settlement  of  the  feud  which  has  existed  for  several 
hundred  years  as  to  the  chieftainship  of  the  Clan 
Macdonald.  The  matter  was  made  public  at  a 
dinner  held  in  the  Highland  Village  at  the  Glasgow 
Exhibition  under  the  joint  auspices  of  the  Mac- 
donald Society  of  Glasgow  and  the  Clan  Ranald 
Society  of  Edinburgh. 

"  The  chair  was  occupied  by  Sir  J.  H.  A.  Mac- 
donald, who,  in  responding  to  the  toast  of  the 
Clan  Macdonald  Societies,  remarked  that  he 
thought  the  question  of  the  chieftainship  had  been 
settled  in  a  reasonable  and  sensible  way.  He 
did  not  know  whether  the  feud  was  so  terrible 
that  they  could  not  live  in  the  near  neighbourhood 
of  one  another,  but  he  noticed  that  the  signatures 
to  the  agreement  had  been  appended  one  in 
Russia,  the  second  in  South  Africa,  and  the  third 
in  England.  He  hoped,  now  that  the  feud  was 
at  an  end,  that  at  their  next  gathering  they  would 
see  the  three  chiefs  assembled  at  their  festive 
board. 

"  Sir  Alexander  Bosville  Macdonald,  replying 
to  the  toast  of  '  The  Chiefs  of  Clan  Ranald, 
Glengarry,  and  Speat,'  said  that  at  any  time 
during  the  past  400  years  it  would  have  been 
impossible  for  one  chief  to  respond  to  the  toast 
of  the  two  others.  With  the  smash  up  of  the 
Lordship  of  the  Isles  at  the  end  of  1400,  the  policy 
of  the  Government  of  the  day  was  to  breed  discord 
among  the  three  branches  of  the  clan  until 
jealousy  became  almost  a  hereditary  instinct. 
That  had  gone  on  down  to  the  present  day,  to 
the  detriment  of  the  clan.  All  three  of  them 
professed  an  unbroken  line  of  pedigree,  while  even 
if  it  could  be  proved  that  one  of  them  represented 
the  senior  line,  that  would  not  make  him  chief  of 
the  whole  clan.  They  had  to  get  the  voice  of  the 
whole  clan,  but  as  the  clan  was  scattered  all  over 


ii  8.  iv.  OCT.  14,  MIL]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


307 


the  world  that  was  impossible.  His  friend  Clan- 
ranald  thought  the  matter  out,  and  a  treaty  was 
drawn  up.  The  treaty  was  to  the  effect  that  none 
of  them  for  one  instant  renounced  his  individual 
claim  to  be  the  senior  branch,  but  that  for  the 
good  of  the  clan  they  agreed  to  bury  the  hatchet, 
and  to  act  in  amity  with  one  another.  A  diffi- 
culty arose  as  to  what  would  happen  if  the  three 
of  them  turned  up  at  one  dinner.  Who  would 
take  precedence  ?  He  suggested  that  they  should 
'  toss  up,'  and  in  the  treaty  they  would  find  a 
clause  providing  that  whoever  won  would  for 
that  night  only  take  precedence  of  the  two  others. 
{Laughter  and  cheers.)  Now  that  the  three  had 
decided  to  bury  the  hatchet,  he  hoped  that  their 
view  of  the  matter  would  not  be  distasteful  to  the 
clan.  The  treaty  would  be  published  in  due 
course,  and  he  thought  the  clan  would  find  nothing 
in  it  that  would  offend  susceptibilities  from  what- 
ever point  of  view." 

The    settlement    of    this    historic    dispute 
appears  to  me  worthy  of  record  in  '  N.  &  Q.' 
JAS.  CURTIS,  F.S.A. 

SUNDIAL  INSCRIPTION  AT  SEVENOAKS. — 
Collectors  of  sundial  inscriptions  may  be  glad 
to  note  the  following,  which  I  recently 
copied  in  the  garden  of  an  old  hotel  ("  The 
Royal  ")  in  the  town  of  Sevenoaks,  Kent : — 

As  the  long  hours  do  pass  away, 
So  doth  the  life  of  man  decay, 

1630. 

Long  liffe  ye  King  Charles. 
The  above  is  an  interesting  variation  from 
those  given  on  pp.  49  and  50  in  Mrs.  Gatty's 

*  The  Book  of  Sundials  '  (Bell  &  Sons,  1889). 

HENRY  TAYLOR. 
Busthall,  Kent. 

REV.   JOHN  M 'BRIDE   OF  BELFAST. — His 

*  Sample   of   Jet   Black   Prelatic   Calumny, 
in  Answer  to  a  Pamphlet  called  A  Sample 
of   True   Blue    Presbyterian   Loyalty,'    4to, 
Glasgow,   1713,  is  a  curious  work  on  Irish 
history,   written   during   the  period   of  his 
banishment  from  Ireland  for  refusing  to  take 
the  Sacramental  Test. 

DANIEL  HLPWELL. 

RICHMOND,  YORKSHIRE  :  MARKET  CUS- 
TOM.— It  appears  to  me  that  the  following 
notice  from  The  Yorkshire  Herald  of  23 
September  is  worthy  of  a  corner  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  : 

"  An  Old  Custom  at  Richmond. — Keeping  up 
an  ancient  custom,  the  Mayor  of  Richmond 
{Councillor  A.  Currie)  has  presented  a  bottle  of 
wine  to  the  farmer  attending  the  Richmond 
Market  who  brought  in  the  first  sample  of  the 
produce  of  the  harvest  field  in  a  bulk.  This  has 
been  secured  by  Mr.  James  Barker,  of  Hipswell 
Hall,  who  brought  in  a  splendid  quantity  of 
wheat." 

ST.  SWITHIN. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


NELSON  :  "  MUSLE." — On  9  June,  1805, 
when  Capt.  Champain  reported  to  Nelson 
that  on  the  6th  he  had  seen  the  French  fleet 
standing  to  the  northward,  past  Prince 
Rupert's  Bay  (see  Nicolas,  '  Dispatches,' 
&c.,  vi.  452),  Nelson  turned  to  his  flag 
captain  and  said  :  "  Hardy,  there  's  life 
in  a  musle  yet."  About  the  reading  there 
is  little  doubt.  Concerning  the  "  mu " 
there  is  none  ;  the  "  sle  "  might  be  "  ch," 
but  I  do  not  think  it  is,  and  clearly  "  much  " 
would  be  nonsense  ;  only  what  is  "musle  "  ? 
Can  any  one  suggest  a  meaning  ?  Mussel 
naturally  occurs ;  but  did  any  one  ever 
talk  of  life  in  a  mussel — in  the  implied  sense, 
at  least  ?  J.  K.  LAUGHTON. 

JOHN  JAB, vis  THE  DWARF. — James  Caul- 
field  in  '  Portraits,  Memoirs,  and  Characters 
of  Remarkable  Persons  from  the  Reign  of 
Edward  III.  to  the  Revolution,'  London, 
1813,  vol.  i.  p.  8,  gives  a  print  of  the  dwarf 
John  Jarvis,  who  died  1558  or  1560,  and 
states  that  it  was  from  the  original  statue, 
which  was  in  the  possession  of  George 
Walker,  Winchester  Row,  Lisson  Green. 
The  print  was  published  by  Caulfield  in 
1796,  and  underneath  is  written  "  Walker 
pinxit  1795."  Caulfield  says  : — 

"  The  statue  of  this  dwarf  has  been  for  more 
than  200  years  in  the  family  of  the  present  pos- 
sessor. It  is  most  inimitably  carved  in  oak,  and 
coloured  to  resemble  the  life." 
In  a  note  an  anecdote  is  given  showing 
it  was  at  one  time  in  the  possession  of 
Dr.  Hugh  Kennedy  of  Hornchurch,  Essex. 
Can  any  of  your  readers  give  me  information 
as  to  the  present  whereabouts  of  this  statue  ? 
KARL  PEARSON. 

Galton  Eugenics  Laboratory, 
Gower  Street.  W.C. 

MB.  STOCK,  BIBLIOPHILE,  1735. — In  the 
first  volume  of  Techener's  Bulletin  du  Biblio- 
phile there  are  some  interesting  '  Biblio- 
giana,  ou  Anecdotes  Bibliographiques,'  one 
of  which  concerns  a  "  M.  Stock,  bibliomane 
anglais." 

In  1735  the  Recollets  of  Antwerp  decided 
to  get  rid  of  their  library,  which  consisted 
of  about  1,500  volumes,  manuscript  and 
printed,  which  they  regarded  as  "  vrais 
bouquins  de  nulle  valeur."  They  were 


308 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  u,  1911. 


removed   to    the   gardener's   chamber,    anc 
after    some    months     the      "  Pere    gardie 
decida    dans    sa    sagesse    qu'on     donnerai 
tout     ce     fatras     au     dit    jardinier."     Th 
gardener,  wiser   than  the  Fathers,  called  in 
a  M.  Vanderberg,  an  amateur  and  literar 
man,  who  purchased  the  collection  for  "  u 
ducat  du  quintal."     Soon  after  M.  Vander 
berg   showed   his   purchase   to    "  M.    Stock 
bibliomane  anglais,"  who  gave  "  a  1' instant 
14,000  francs  for  the  MSS.  alone. 

"  Quels  furent  la  surprise  et  les  regrets  des  PP 
Ke'collets  a  cette  nouvelle  !  Us  sentirent  bie 
qu'il  n'y  avait  pas  moyen  d'en  revenir ;  mais 
tout  confus  qu'ils  etaient  de  leur  ignorance,  i] 
allerent  hunib  lenient  solliciter  une  indemnit 
de  M.  Stock,  qui  n'h£sita  pas  a  leur  donne 
encore  1,200  frs.,  tant  il  etait  satisfait  de  son 
acquisition." 

I  cannot  find  any  trace  of  this  Mr.  Stoc] 
as  a  book-collector,  nor  of  the  manuscripts 
Can  any  of  your  readers  throw  light  on  thi 
curious  transaction  and  its  principal  figure  ? 

W.  ROBERTS. 

MIDHURST  GRAMMAR  SCHOOL. — Can  any 
one  give  me  names,  dates,  &c.,  of  any  old 
boys  of  Midhurst  Grammar  School,  foundec 
by  Gilbert  Hannam  in  1672  ?  I  should  be 
glad  of  any  information  concerning  the  school 
or  its  founder.  ERNEST  F.  Row. 

The  Grammar  School,  Midhurst. 

JONATHAN  WILD'S  "  GHOST."— In  The 
Daily  Post  for  5  February,  1726,  there 
appeared  the  following  announcement : — 

"  Since  the  Death  of  Jonathan  Wild  has  been 
so  much  lamented  for  Want  of  his  useful  Intelli- 
gence, this  is  to  inform  the  Publick,  that  his 
Q-host  gives  constant  Attendance  every  Night 
at  a  certain  House  in  Bury-street ;  where  he 
resolves  all  Sorts  of  Questions. 

;£  N.B.  As  his  former  Business  was  to  dis- 
cover Robberies  committed,  he  has  now  the  Gift 
of  revealing  Rogueries  intended." 

I  cannot  find  that  this  was  in  any  way 
followed  up,  and  it  is  so  curious  that  one 
would  like  to  know  more  about  it. 

ALFRED  F.  BOBBINS. 

STATUES,  &c.,  IN  VENICE.— In  'Ancient 
fetatues  Greek  and  Roman  ;  designed  from 
the  Celebrated  Originals  in  St.  Mark's,  and 
other  Public  Collections  in  Venice,  by 
A.  Zanetti,  and  engraved  by  the  First 
Italian  Masters,'  London,  1800,  large  folio, 
are  one  hundred  plates  of  statues,  busts,' 
&c.  All  except,  I  think,  eleven  are  described 
as  in  the  Entrance  Hall  (Antisala)  of  the 
Library  of  St.  Mark. 

Are  these  statues,  &c.,  of  the  Antisala 
still  to  be  seen  in  Venice  ?  That  I  have 


found  no  mention  of  them  in  guide-books 
does  not  establish  a  negative.  Is  there  a 
Library  of  St.  Mark  which  can  be  visited  ? 
A  good  many  of  the  plates  are  dedicated  to 
English  noblemen  and  gentlemen. 

According  to  Brunet,  s.v.  '  Antiche  (delle) 
statue  greche  e  romane  di  San-Marco .... 
(da  Ant. -Mar.  Girolamo  ed  Alessandra 
Zanetti),'  the  collection  was  published  in 
Venice  in  1740. 

Of  the  statues  which  are  not  "in  the 
Antisala,"  there  are  five  plates  of  statues 
in  the  courtyard  of  the  Doge's  Palace 
(Cortile  del  Palazzo  Ducale),  four  of  the 
horses  on  St.  Mark's  Church,  and  two  of  the 
lions  at  the  gate  of  the  Arsenal. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

ALEXANDER  Ross  :  WILLIAM  Ross. — In 
1500  James  IV.  granted  the  chaplaincy  of 
Dunskaith  to  Alexander  Ross.  In  1544 
letters  of  legitimation  were  granted  to  his. 
son  Nicholas.  Alexander  is  referred  to  as 

quondam  D.  Alexander  Ros  capellanus 
de  Dunskaith."  But  Alexander  probably 
died  before  1533,  as  in  that  year  a  deed  is- 
signed  by  Nicholas  as  "  capellanus  de  Duns- 
kaith." Can  any  correspondent  tell  me 
where  I  could  find  information  as  to  the 
parentage  and  date  of  death  of  the  above 
Alexander  Ross  ? 

William  Ross,  great-grandson  of  the  above, 
was  born  on  the  last  Monday  in  October, 
1574  (see  quotation  from  Kalendar  of  Fearn 
in  Hist.  MSS.  Second  Report,  p.  179). 

:te  witnesses  a  deed  in  Forres  in  1608,  but 
no  further  trace  of  him  can  be  discovered 
by  me.  Can  any  correspondent  give  me 
advice  as  to  where  I  should  be  likely  to  find 
details  as  to  William's  marriage  and  death  ? 

las  the  Kalendar  of  Fearn  in  the  possession 
of  the  Duke  of  Sutherland  ever  been  printed  ? 

S.  B.  C.  R. 

JOHN  PRESTON,  D.D. — Can  any  one  tell 
me  where  I  can  find  a  list  of  the  works  of 

he  above  writer  ?  I  believe  them  to  be 
numerous.  Lowndes's  '  Bibliographer's 
Manual  '  (1864)  does  not  contain  the  name 
of  any  of  them.  I  have  heard  that  a  sermon 

f  his  preached  before  Charles  I.  in  1630 
was  afterwards  published,  and  was  much 

dmired.  L.  S.  M. 

BISHOP    THOMAS    PERCY. — The    30th    of 
ept ember   last  was   the   centenary   of   the 
eath  of  Thomas  Percy,  Bishop  of  Dromore 
nd   compiler  of  the   *  Reliques.'     I  should 
>e  very  glad  if  some  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
were  able  to  supply  a  description  of  his  grave 


n  s.  iv.  OCT.  H,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


309 


and  a  copy  of  any  inscription  recorded  there- 
on. He  is  buried  in  "a  vault  in  the  north 
aisle  of  Dromose  Cathedral.  It  will  be  re- 
called that  the  late  Rev.  John  Pickford, 
for  over  50  years  a  valued  contributor  to 
'N.  &  Q.,'  published  a  'Life  of  Thomas 
Percy '  in  1867.  JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

NORMAN  COURT,  HAMPSHIRE  :  WHITE- 
HEAD  FAMILY. — I  shall  be  glad  to  know 
if  anything  further  has  been  discovered  as 
to  the  nameless  pictures  at  Norman  Court, 
discussed  at  10  S.  viii.  345,  415,  474  ;  ix. 
71,  and  whether  they  are  Whitehead  por- 
traits. 

I  should  also  like  to  point  out  that  MR. 
EVERITT'S  surmise  (in  his  interesting  account 
of  the  Whitehead  family  at  the  last  refer- 
ence) that  1612  is  the  earliest  mention  of 
the  name  of  "  Norman  Court  "  is  not  correct. 
I  have  a  note  of  the  use  of  the  name  in  1589, 
and  it  was  probably  used  much  earlier — 
possibly  from  the  time  of  the  ownership  by 
the  Norman  family  in  the  fourteenth 
century,  from  which  MR.  EVERITT  himself 
derives  the  name.  I  think  John  Whitehead 
was  Sheriff  in  1470,  not  1479. 

It  should  be  mentioned  that  Francis 
Thistlethwayte  took  the  Whitehead  name 
and  arms  on  succeeding  to  the  Norman 
Court  property,  so  that  it  is  correct  to  say 
that  the  manor  of  West  Titherley  was  in  the 
possession  of  Whiteheads  down  to  1751,  the 
date  of  his  death,  that  is,  for  well  over 
300  years. 

I  shall  be  much  obliged  for  further  infor- 
mation as  to  this  family  or  any  of  its  collateral 
branches.  B.  WHITEHEAD,  B.A. 

2,  Brick  Court,  Temple. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — Ishall 
be  glad  to  learn  the  name  of  the  author  of 
the  following  lines  : — 

If  thou  do  ill,  the  joy  fades,  not  the  pains, 
If  well,  the  pain  doth  fade,  the  joy  remains. 

A.  MYNOTT. 

Behold  the  fate  of  sublunary  things  : 

She  exports  coal  that  once  imported  kings. 

Who  wrote  these  lines  ?  I  know  to  what 
they  refer,  but  not  who  wrote  them  or  where 
they  are  to  be  found.  W.  SENIOR. 

Royal  Societies  Club,  St.  James's  Street,  S.W. 

*  NlBELUNCENLIED  '  :      ITS     LOCALITIES. 

Can  any  of  the  localities  mentioned  in  the 
'  Nibelungenlied  '  (I  have  Simrock's  version) 
be  identified  ?  For  example,  Tronje,  Hagen's 
home.  Metz,  Ortewein's  home.  Alzeie 
(?  Alsace).  Santen  am  Rheine.  J.  D. 

Camoys  Court,  Barcombe. 


BAKED  PEARS="  WARDENS  "  :  BEDFORD 
FAIR. — From  an  old  magazine  (Odd-Fellows 
Magazine,  January,  1846)  I  gather  that  tat 
Bedford  Fair,  held  for  two  days  at  Michael- 
mas, a  special  feature  was  the  sale  of  baked 
pears,  served  directly  from  a  large  earthen 
pan  into  saucers.  The  baked  pears^are 
known  as  "  wardens,"  and  are  sold  with 
this  street  cry  : — 

Smoking  hot, 

Piping  hot, 

Who  knows  what  ? 

I  am  got 

In  my  pot : 
Hot  baked  wardens. 
All  hot !  all  hot !  all  hot ! 

The  magazine  suggests  two  origins  for  this 

curious  name.     The  first  is 

"  that  baked  or  stewed  pears  were  invented  and 

used  as  a  great  luxury   by  the   prior  and  monks 

of  Warden,  an  ancient  monastery,    a   few    miles 

distant " ; 

the  other  is 

"  that  a  man  named  Warden,  residing  in  an  adjacent 

village,  grew  great  quantities  of  these  pears,  and  for 

many  years  regularly  attended  Bedford  fair  and 

market  to  dispose  of  them." 

It  would  be  interesting  to  know  if  Bedford 
Fair  is  still  held  at  Michaelmas,  and  if  baked 
pears  are  still  sold  thereat  as  "  wardens," 
and  with  the  "  cry  "  given  above  ;  also  if 
the  name  is  peculiar  to  Bedford,  as  indicated 
by  the  explanations  cited. 

J.  HARRIS  STONE. 

PEARS  :  "  BON-CHRETIEN  "  AND  "  DOY- 
ENNE DU  COMICE." — In  *  The  Later  Years 
of  Catherine  de  Medici  '  Miss  Sichel  suggests 
that  "  les  poires  de  bon  Chretien "  may 
have  got  their  name  because  persons  fasting 
could  obtain  a  dispensation  for  eating  them 
in  Lent.  Williams's  bon-chretien  pears 
certainly  do  not  keep  even  till  Christmas, 
much  less  till  Lent.  Why  were  they  so 
named  ? 

Can  any  one  explain  the  name  of  another 
pear — "  Doyenne  du  Cornice  "  ?  J.  D. 

Camoys  Court,  Barcombe. 

ROBERT  PARR,  CENTENARIAN. — This  per- 
son died  at  Kinver,  a  small  village  near 
Bridgenorth,  Shropshire,  in  August,  1757, 
aged  124  years.  Was  any  tombstone  erected 
to  his  memory  ?  If  so,  could  any  reader 
oblige  me  with  the  full  inscription  ? 

It  is  a  remarkable  fact  that  his  father 
lived  to  the  age  of  109,  and  his  grandfather 
to  113  ;  while  his  great-grandfather,  Thomas 
Parr  of  Alberbury,  Shropshire,  died  at  the 
amazing  age  of  152.  L.  H.  CHAMBERS. 

Amersham. 


310 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         m  s.  iv.  OCT.  H,  1911. 


DR.  WILLIAM  MEAD,  CENTENARIAN. — Mead 
was  a  physician  of  considerable  eminence  ; 
he  resided  at  Ware,  Herts,  and  died  there 
28  October,  1652,  aged  148  years.  When 
and  where  was  he  born,  and  was  any 
memorial  erected  to  his  memory  ? 

A  Richard  Mead,  also  a  distinguished 
physician,  was  born  at  Stepney,  1673  ;  he 
was  the  son  of  the  Rev.  Matthew  Mead, 
originally  Rector  of  Great  Brickhill,  Bucks, 
and  afterwards  of  Stepney,  whence  he  was 
ejected  in  1662  for  non-conformity.  Was 
either  of  these  persons  related  to  Dr.  William 
Mead  ?  L.  H.  CHAMBERS., 

Amersham. 

EARL  OF  JERSEY  :  LINES  ON  HIS  ANCES- 
TRESS.— In  a  notice  of  the  Earl  of  Jersey 
which  appeared  in  The  Sketch  of  30  July, 
1902,  it  was  stated  that  he  "  has  royal  blood 
in  his  veins,  one  of  his  ancestresses  having 
been  that  Queen  Dowager  of  France,  a  sister 
of  Henry  VIII.,  who  inspired  some  of  the 
finest  verses  ever  written  in  our  language." 
Is  this  descent  through  Eleanor,  second 
daughter  of  Mary  Tudor  ?  It  can  scarcely 
be  through  Catherine,  granddaughter  of  the 
latter  and  sister  of  Lady  Jane  Dudley 
(Grey),  for  her  marriage  to  Lord  Hertford 
seems  to  have  been  called  in  question.  I 
cannot  recollect  whom  Eleanor  married, 
though  I  think  I  have  seen  it  stated,  but 
I  have  searched  in  vain  among  my  books  of 
reference.  What  were  these  verses,  and  by 
whom  were  they  written  ? 

E.  L.  H.  TEW. 

Upham  Rectory. 

OBSOLETE  FISH.  —  Recently  there  came 
into  my  possession  a  quaint  54-page  pam- 
phlet entitled  '  Walwyn's  Housekeeper's 
Guide  and  Tradesman's  Instructor '  for 
1831-2  (1,  Nevil's  Court,  Fetter  Lane, 
one  shilling).  It  gives  the  fish  in  season  for 
each  quarter  of  the  year,  with  the  majority 
of  which  we  are  familiar  ;  but  the  following 
are  unknown  to  me,  and  contemporary 
dictionaries  have  failed  to  help  me  : — 

Guard  fish.  Tusk. 

Alloc  (?  alose  =  shad).        Rocket. 

Shafflings.  Kinsori. 

Glout.  Dose  (?  dace). 

Teries.  Gollin. 

Tollis.  Bearbet. 

Lying ,  (?  ling).  Hollebet  (?  halibut). 

The  pamphlet  seems  to  have  been  care- 
lessly compiled,  and  these  names  may  have 
been  casually  taken  from  older  books. 
What  were  these  fishes  ? 

FRANK  SCHLOESSER. 


COLOMAN  MlKSZlTH's  WORKS  IN  ENGLISH. 

— I  can  find  only  the*following  translations  : 

'St.  Peter's  Umbrella'  (four  editions). 

'The  Good  People  of  Palocz '  (instead  of  'The 

oodPalocz  People'). 

'Garments  of  the  King:  a  Story,'  in  the  New 
York  '  Current  Literature,'  vol.  xliii.  (1907). 

I  have  in  years  gone  by  seen  translations 
of  other  short  stories  of  this  popular  Hun- 
garian writer  in  English  magazines,  but 
cannot  find  them  again.  Can  any  reader 
help  me  ?  Now  that  he  is  dead,  his  grateful 
countrymen  are  collecting  his  works  in  all 

i  T       T       IT 

languages.  L.  JL.  i\* 

JOHN  LORD,  AFTERWARDS  OWEN,  BT.— 
I  shall  be  glad  if  some  reader  of  'N.  &  Q.' 
will  refer  me  to  a  pedigree  (printed  or  other- 
wise) of  Joseph  Lord  of  co.  Pembroke,  who 
married  Corbetta,  daughter  of  General 
John  Owen,  and  whose  son  John  assumed 
the  name  and  arms  of  Owen,  and  was  created 
a  baronet  in  1813.  J.  H.  Y. 

WANSTEAD  FLATS  AND  GEORGE  III. — In 
'  Nooks  and  Corners  in  Essex  '  it  is  said 
concerning  Wanstead  Flats  :  "It  was  here 
that  King  George  III.  held  the  review  of 
his  10,000  troops."  What  was  the  date 
of  this  review,  and  where  can  an  account  of 
it  be  found  ?  There  does  not  appear  to  be 
any  mention  of  it  in  Broadley's  '  Napoleon 
and  the  Invasion  of  England.'  G.  H.  W. 

ANGELL  FAMILY  OF  BERKS. — Can  any 
reader  give  me  information  respecting  the 
early  history  of  the  Angell  family,  who 
owned  property,  and  lived  in  Binfield,  for 
about  200  years  ?  K.  E.  CAS  WALL. 

Angell  House,  Binfield,  Berks. 

"  FRIDAY  "  AS  CHRISTIAN  NAME. — The 
other  day,  when  near  Waltham  Abbey,  I  was 
surprised  to  hear  a  child  called  by  this 
name.  I  believe  Sunday  has  been  so  used. 
Have  the  other  days  of  the  week  been 
drawn  upon  by  parents  at  the  christening 
of  their  offspring  ?  It  seems  a  strange 
custom  to  me.  M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

[See  '  Christian  Names  derived  from  Weekdays,' 
by  the  late  JAMES  PLATT,  at  8  S.  viii.  388.J 

LE  BOTILER  OR  BUTLER  FAMILY. — Were 
the  Le  Botilers  (Butlers)  of  England  and 
Ireland  descended  from  the  Norman  and 
Jersey  family  of  Le  Boutillier  (viz.,  the 
Cupbearer)  ?  In  a  charter  of  Henry  II. 
Hamond  le  Bouteillier  gave  lands  to  the 
hospital  at  Caen  founded  by  William  the 
Conqueror.  Among  the  Norman  seigneurs 
who  were  benefactors  to  St.  Etienne,  Guil- 
laume  le  Bouteillier  d'Aubigny  au  Cotentin 
(Comte  de  Sussex)  is  mentioned. 


ii s.  iv.  OCT.  M,  1911.1         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


311 


The  arms  of  the  Jersey  family  are  Azure, 
seven  chevronels  or,  in  base  a  stag  argent. 
Crest,  a  hand  with  oaksprig,  sleeved  gules, 
cuff  argent.  Was^the  Butler  family  entitled 
to  both  shields,  viz.,  three  covered  cups  (pre- 
sumably adopted  from  their  ancient  office), 
and  was  this  privilege  carried  with  them 
from  Normandy  to  England  and  Ireland  ? 

T.  W.  CAREY. 


MADELEINE    HAMILTON    SMITH. 

(US.  iv.  247.) 

MADELEINE  HAMILTON  SMITH,  whose  trial 
began  in  Edinburgh  on  Tuesday,  30  June, 
1857,  and  lasted  till  Thursday,  9  July,  and 
is  one  of  the  most  notorious  cases  of  the  last 
century,  died  at  Melbourne  as  Mrs.  George 
Wardle  29  September,  1 893.  The  St.  James's 
Gazette  of  20  November,  1893,  p.  5,  had  an 
article  upon  the  case,  arising  from  the 
announcement  of  the  death  of  this  famous 
lady  :— 

"  A  strange  and  romantic  and  once  famous 
tale  of  mystery  is  brought  to  mind  by  the  news 
that  Madeleine  Hamilton  Smith,  at  one  time  Mrs. 
Hora,  and  more  lately  Mrs.  Wardle,  has  just  died 
at  Melbourne ....  The  family  went  to  Australia, 
where  she  married  a  Dr.  Hora,  but  was  afterwards 
separated  from  him.  Then  she  returned  to  Eng- 
land, married  again,  but  was  again  unfortunate, 
for  she  and  her  husband  agreed  to  live  apart. 
Some  years  ago  she  went  back  to  Australia, 
where,  it  seems,  her  chequered  and  stormy  career 
came  to  a  close  at  the  age  of  57." 

In  the  printed  accounts  of  the  trial  the 
curtain  naturally  drops  when  the  trial  is 
over,  and  nothing  more  is  said  of  the  move- 
ments of  Miss  Smith.  I  am  able  to  give  the 
following  facts. 

Madeleine  Hamilton  Smith  was  the  eldest 
child  of  James  Smith,  architect,  of  7,  Blys- 
wood  Square,  Glasgow,  and  of  Rowaleyn, 
near  Row,  on  the  Gareloch.  She  was  born 
in  Glasgow,  1835  ;  educated  at  Clapton 
(Mr.  Boase  by  a  slip  says  Clapham)  ;  and 
seduced  by  Pierre  Emile  L'Angelier  in  May, 
1856  :  he  died  from  arsenic  poisoning  23 
March,  1857.  The  trial  ended  on  Thursday, 
9  July,  1857,  the  jury  at  half-past  one  finding 
a  verdict  in  the  various  indictments  of  either 
"  not  guilty  "  or  "  not  proven."  Madeleine 
on  being  dismissed  from  the  bar  descended 
by  a  trapdoor  to  a  room  where  she  changed 
her  clothes,  and  then  remained  in  the  pre- 
cincts of  the  court  till  five  minutes  past  four 
in  the  afternoon,  when  she  went  outside, 
accompanied  by  her  brother  "  and  another 


young  gentleman,"  and  walked  as  far  as 
St.  Giles's  Church,  where  a  cab  was  waiting, 
in  which  she  drove  to  the  Slateford  Station 
of  the  Caledonian  Railway.  There  she 
took  the  five-o'clock  train  to  Stepps  Station, 
near  Glasgow,  and  then  took  a  conveyance 
and  drove  to  Rowaleyn,  her  father's  country 
house.  There  she  probably  remained  for 
some  time,  though  there  were  rumours  soon 
after  that  she  had  gone  to  Australia. 

A  paragraph  appeared  in  The  Times, 
6  March,  1858,  in  which  it  was  said  that  the 
statements  circulated  that  Miss  Smith  had 
arrived  in  Australia  were  not  true:  "Miss 
Smith  has  never,  it  appears,  changed  her 
place  of  residence  since  she  left  Glasgow." 
This  paragraph  may  have  been  a  "blind." 
At  any  rate,  in  1857,  the  year  of  the  trial, 
she  appears  to  have  married  Tudor  Hora, 
afterwards  a  surgeon,  and  both  went  to 
live  at  Melbourne.  Four  years  after  her 
marriage  with  Hora  she  married  her  second 
husband  in  London.  This  was  in  1861. 
Although  she  selected  a  fashionable  London 
church  in  which  to  be  married,  the  wedding 
was  kept  very  secret.  In  The  Chelsea  and 
Pimlico  Advertiser,  6  July,  1861,  there 
appears  a  paragraph  as  follows : — 

"  Miss  Madeleine  Smith,  who,  it  will  be  re- 
membered, was  tried  a  few  years  ago  at  Glasgow 
[error  for  Edinburgh]  for  poisoning  her  sweetheart, 
and  was  discharged,  the  verdict  being  '  not 
proven,'  has  turned  up  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Plymouth.  A  contemporary  says  she  is  about 
to  be  married." 

She  had,  in  fact,  been  married  two  days 
before  the  date  of  the  issue  of  this  paragraph. 
Her  second  husband  was  George  Wardle,  an 
artist,  then  living  at  5,  Bloomfield  Terrace, 
Pimlico.  His  father  was  Hugh  Wardle, 
a  druggist.  She  herself  was  at  the  time  of  the 
wedding  living  at  72,  Sloane  Street,  a  house 
occupied  by  Mrs.  Grace  Maxon.  The  wedding 
took  place  at  St.  Paul's,  Knightsbridge, 
4  July,  1861,  and  was  performed  by  the 
Rev.  Robert  Liddell  (d.  29  June,  1888,  and 
associated  with  the  famous  Westerton  and 
Beale  case).  The  witnesses  were  Madeleine's 
father  James  Smith  and  H.  Hoverlock. 
Mr.  Wardle  afterwards  became  connected 
with  a  well-known  firm  of  decorators. 

In  case  fuller  information  is  required 
by  your  New  York  correspondent  I  append 
a  few  bibliographical  notes.  By  far  the 
fullest  and  best  account  is  found  in  "  Trial 
of  Madeleine  Smith.  Edited  by  A.  Duncan 
Smith,  F.S.A.(Scot.),  Advocate.  London, 
Sweet  &  Maxwell.  Glasgow  and  Edinburgh, 
William  Hodge,"  n.d.  [1905].  This  is  a 
book  of  great  value,  but  is  marred  by  one 
serious  defect — no  index.  There  are  seven 


312 


NOTES  AND    QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  u,  1911, 


other  reports  of  the  trial,  four  of  which  were 
issued  in  Edinburgh  in  the  year  of  the  trial, 
and  three  in  London  (also  in  1857).  The 
daily  newspapers  from  Wednesday,  1  July, 
1857,  to  Friday,  10  July,  are  filled  with 
details.  See  also  Cornhill,  November,  1896, 
pp.  639-53,  article  by  J.  B.  Atlay  (afterwards 
reprinted  in  '  Famous  Trials  of  the  Century,' 
1899)  ;  G.  W.  M.  Reynolds,  Miscellany, 
xix.  72,  with  a  poor  woodcut  portrait ; 
Harper's  Weekly,  1857,  i.  508,  with  portrait ; 
and  The  St.  James's  Budget,  24  November, 
1893,  p,  20,  which  also  has  a  rough  portrait. 
The  best  impression  of  Madeleine  Smith's 
appearance  can  be  obtained  from  the  minute 
descriptions  of  her  which  were  printed  at 
the  time  of  the  trial  notably  one  which  was 
contributed  to  The  Ayrshire  Express,  and 
is  quoted  in  the  '  Annual.  Register,'  1857, 
and  also  by  Duncan  Smith  in  his  book  on 
the  trial  (supra}.  Irving' s  '  Annals  of 
Our  Time,'  i.  489-90,  has  a  good  abstract  of 
the  trial.  Reference  may  also  be  made  to 
the  following  : — 

'  Studies  in  Black  and  Red,'  by  Joseph  Forster, 
1896. 

'  Poison  Romance  and  Poison  Mysteries,'  by 
C.  J.  S.  Thompson,  1899. 

'  The  Memoir  of  John  Inglis,'  by  J.  C.  Watt, 
p.  85.  (Inglis,  then  a  young  man,  defended 
Madeleine,  and  it  is  said  that  she  was  the  only 
client  that  he  ever  visited  in  prison. ) 

'  Madeleine  Smith  and  Scottish  Jurisprudence,' 
44  pp.,  or  Dublin  Revietv,  vol.  xliii.  (1857). 

Law  Magazine  and  Law  Review,  iv.  67-96  (1857). 

Brown  and  Stewart's  '  Reports  of  Trials,' 
1883  (294-364). 

'  Who  Killed  L'Angelier  ?  with  Remarks  on 
the  mode  of  conducting  Crown  Prosecutions  in 
Criminal  Cases,'  by  Scrutator.  Edinburgh,  1857. 

'  Madeleine  tried  at  the  Bar  of  Common  Sense 
and  Common  Humanity.  Being  a  Plea  for  the 
Coroner's  Inquest  in  Scotland,'  by  Historicus. 
Glasgow,  1858. 

'  Poison  for  Rats  ;  or,  an  Apology  for  Miss 
Smith,'  n.d.  (printed  by  W.  H.  Collingridge, 
London),  a  frenzied  pamphlet. 

Journal  of  Jurisprudence,  August,  1857. 

Lancet,  July  and  August,  1857. 

Edinburgh  Medical  Journal,  August,  1857. 

'  The  Maybrick  and  Madeleine  Smith  Case 
Contrasted,'  by  L.  E.  X.,  1889. 

'  The  Case  of  Madeleine  Smith  re-examined  and 
compared  with  Tawell,  Palmer,  and  Bacon, 
showing  how  Tawell  was  unjustly  hanged.' 
[By  Omicron.]  London,  1857.  (John  Tawell 
was  hanged  at  Aylesbury  14  March,  1845.  Thomas 
Fuller  Bacon  was  convicted  of  poisoning  his 
mother  in  the  same  month  and  year  as  Madeleine 
Smith  was  tried.  Palmer's  case  was  in  1856.) 

The  letters  of  Madeleine  Smith  to  L'An- 

felier  were  printed  in  New  York  by  the  Astor 
team  Printing  Press,  but  they  are  found  in 
far  fuller  and  more  accurate  form  in  Duncan 
Smith's  book,  where  also  are  given  several 
pages  in  facsimile  of  her  handwriting. 


It  is  as  well  to  record  here  that  on  Monday, 
3  February,  1890,  Malcolm  McLeod  Nichol- 
son, formerly  a  clerk  in  the  Justiciary  Office, 
Edinburgh,  was  tried  in  that  city  on  a  charge 
of  having  stolen  from  the  Justiciary  Office 
inter  alia  219  documents  relating  to  the 
case  of  Madeleine  Smith,  consisting  of  letters 
passing  between  her  and  L'Angelier  and 
printed  copies  of  the  said  letters.  Nicholson 
was  sentenced  to  twelve  months'  imprison- 
ment. Various  well-known  booksellers  in 
Edinburgh  gave  evidence  that  he  had 
offered  the  letters  for  sale  to  them.  This 
was  an  important  and  interesting  case, 
reported  fully  in  the  newspapers  at  the 
date  given  above. 

I  may  add  that  Madeleine  Smith  had  two 
brothers  and  two  sisters. 

A.  L.  HUMPHREYS. 

187,  Piccadilly,  W. 

[MR.  F.  C.  WHITE  also  thanked  for  reply.] 


MILES'S  CLUB  (11  S.  iv.  269). — Miles's 
Club  was  started  as  a  gambling  club  by 
Richard  Miles,  who  in  1773  was  associated 
with  a  Mr.  Kenney  in  the  management  of 
the  Savoir  Vivre  Club  in  St.  James's  Street. 
Three  years  later  they  moved  to  the  other 
side  of  the  street,  and  opened  a  club  as 
"  Kenney's  "  where  Boodle's  Club  now  is. 
When  Brookes' s  Club  became  fashionable, 
Kenney's  declined,  and  the  house  was  sold 
to  Harding,  the  proprietor  of  Boodle's, 
who  moved  his  club  there  from  Pall  Mall. 
Kenney  retired  into  private  life,  and  Miles 
opened  a  clubhouse  "  near  St.  James's 
Place,  originally  White's  Chocolate  House,'* 
in  1781.  This  he  conducted  as  "  Miles's 
Club  "  till  31  December,  1809,  when  he  was 
compelled  to  close  it  for  lack  of  support, 
as  most  of  his  members  deserted  him  for  a 
club  kept  by  Raggett  in  St.  James's  Square. 
Miles  became  bankrupt,  and  the  house  was 
afterwards  acquired  by  Arthur's  Club, 
and  rebuilt  about  1825. 

Miles  went  to  live  at  Abingdon,  whence  in 
1834  he  issued  an  appeal  for  assistance. 
'  The  Memorial  of  Richard  Miles,  the 
Proprietor  or  Conductor  of  one  of  the  Princi- 
pal Club-Houses  in  St.  James's  Street  for 
upwards  of  Thirty  Years.'  In  this  pamph- 
let he  prints  a  list  of  the  bad  debts  he 
made  in  the  club,  giving  the  names  of  over 
twenty  noblemen  and  gentlemen  who,  he 
says,  owed  him  11,303£.  14s. 

In  the  edition  of  1790  of  '  Hoyle's  Games 
Improved,'  by  Charles  Jones,  Miles's  is 
mentioned  among  the  fashionable  houses 
where  the  games  were  played. 

F.  JESSEL. 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  14,  i9ii.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


313 


.  CEYLON  OFFICIALS  (11  S.  iv.  268). — It  may 
help  MB.  PENRY  LEWIS  to  obtain  the  infor- 
mation he  seeks  if  I  mention  the  fact  that 
the  Dutch  possessions  in  Ceylon  were  cap- 
tured and  occupied  by  a  division  of  the  East 
India  Company's  Madras  army  ;  and  that 
the  civil  affairs  were  administered  by  Madras 
civilians  until  it  was  settled  by  the  British 
Government  whether  the  new  possessions 
were  to  be  considered  the  property  of  the 
Company  or  the  Crown.  When  the  decision 
was  arrived  at,  the  Madras  officials  and 
soldiers  were  recalled  to  the  coast ;  but 
some  of  the  King's  regiments  remained. 

John  Angus  and  J.  H.  Harington  were 
Madras  officials.  Their  records  may  be 
found  at  the  India  Office.  Capt.  Anderson 
of  the  19th  Regiment  was  a  King's  officer. 
If  there  is  any  record  of  him  in  existence, 
it  will  be  found  in  his  old  regiment,  or  at 
the  War  Office,  or  with  his  family. 

FRANK  PENNY. 

CHARLES  CORBETT,  BOOKSELLER  (11  S.  iv. 
148,  197). — I  am  much  obliged  to  your 
correspondents  for  answering  my  queries 
respecting  Sir  Charles  Corbett.  Could  MR. 
HIP  WELL  tell  me  whence  he  derived  the  in- 
formation that  Charles  Corbett  was  the 
third  son  of  Charles  Corbett,  bookseller, 
and  that  he  was  a  clerk  in  Johnson's  L  ottery 
Office  ?  HENRY  R.  PLOMER. 

"  A.LL     MY     EYE     AND      BETTY     MARTIN  " 

(11  S.  iv.  207,  254,  294).— At  first  sight  it 
would  seem  as  if  "  Joe  Miller,"  as  cited  by 
MR.  J.  E.  PATTERSON,  ante,  p.  254,  had 
hit  upon  the  source  of  this  vulgarism. 
Unfortunately,  however,  John  Mottley,  or 
the  author  of  the  jestbook  from  which  he  drew 
this  story  of  the  seaman,  would  never  have 
related  it  in  this  form,  if  he  had  remembered 
(or  should  I  say  known  ?)  that  phonetically 
it  would  be  impossible  for  any  one  in  a 
church  on  the  Continent  to  hear  "All  my 
eye  and  Betty  Martin,"  or  anything  resemb- 
ling it,  when  "Ah!  mihi,  beate  Martine," 
is  read,  or  said,  or  sung,  or  chanted.  So  the 
story  is  a  mere  invention  of  Mottley 's,  or 
perverted  by  him  in  the  borrowing,  or  some- 
body else's  invention,  and  as  an  explanation 
of  the  origin  of  the  phrase  it  does  not  hold 
water.  In  fact,  I  begin  to  suspect  that  the 
origin  as  stated  by  Miss  Baker  and  others 
is  one  more  instance  of  "  popular  etymology," 
for  which  in  this  particular  case  "  Joe 
Miller  "  is  responsible.  I  hope  that  more 
trustworthy  evidence  may  be  forthcoming. 

J.  F.  BENSE. 
Arnhem,  the  Netherlands. 


'A  CAXTON  ^MEMORIAL  '  (US.  iv.  268). — 
I  am  enabled  to  clear  up  MR.  ROBERTS' & 
doubts  on  the  matter  of  the  authorship  of  this 
pamphlet  by  the  following  letter,  which  is 
attached  to  William  Blades' s  copy,  now  in  the 
possession  of  the  St.  Bride  Foundation 
Typographical  Library : — 

17,  Lenthall  Road,  Dalston,  E. 

Sept.  7,  1880. 
DEAR  SIR, 

The  enclosed  "trifle"  will  possibly  afford 
you  some  interest.  One  or  two  items  only  may  be 
new  to  you,  but  the  Pamphlet  may  be  worthy  of  a 
corner  among  your  other  Caxton  papers. 

I  am  glad  I  have  had  a  look  through  these  interest- 
ing volumes.  It  is  nearly  12  years  ago  I  sent  to  press 
my  account  of  the  Fleet  St.  Printing  ;  and  I  am  now 
getting  up  fresh  materials  for  another  edition. 

If  you  want  any  doubt  set  right,  I  shall  be  pleased 
to  look  at  the  Caxton  books  for  you  at  any  time. 
Yours  faithfully. 

T.  C.  Noble. 

W.  Blades,  Esqre,  11,  Abchurch  Lane. 
There  is  a  note  on  the  fly-leaf  of  the  letter 
as  follows  : — 

Christening  Register,  St.  Margaret's,  West* 
minster,  1647,  April  27.  Ingham  Blades  S  to  Ralph 
by  Martha. 

Finally,  there  is  a  manuscript  note  on  the 
title  :— 

With  the  Compts  of  the  Author  T.  C.  Noble. 
I  do  not  understand  the  reference  made  in  the 
letter  to  another  work  of  the  author  on 
"  the  Fleet  St.  Printing."  I  cannot  trace 
any  such  work  in  this  library.  It  may, 
however,  be  that  Noble  was  referring  to 
the  chapter  on  the  Fleet  Street  printing 
press  in  his  'Memorials  of  Temple  Bar.' 

R.  A.  PEDDLE. 
St.  Bride  Foundation,  Bride  Lane,  E.G. 

This  reprint  from  The  Builder  of  August, 
1880,  is,  as  MR.  ROBERTS  conjectures,  the 
work  of  Mr.  Theophilus  Charles  Noble. 
A  copy,  inscribed  "  With  the  Compliments 
of  the  author  T.  C.  Noble,"  is  in  the  Thomas 
Greenwood  Library,  Manchester. 

WILLIAM  E.  A.  AXON. 

GEORGE  I.  STATUE  IN  LEICESTER  SQUARE 
(11  S.  iv.  261). — In  The  Graphic  of  4  July, 
1874,  appeared  an  engraving  showing 
Leicester  Square  in  1753,  and  another  of 
the  Square  in  1874  as  improved  by  Baron 
Grant.  The  statue  of  George  I.  is  shown  in 
position  in  the  former  picture,  but  in  the 
letterpress  the  subject  is  referred  to  as 
George  II. 

In  The  Illustrated  London  News  of  1 1  Janu- 
ary, 1868,  was  a  full-page  engraving  en- 
titled '  A  Sketch  in  Leicester  Square.'  This 
gives  an  excellent  idea  of  the  then  mutilated 
statue  and  the  disgraceful  state  of  the  Square 


314 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  u,  mi. 


Unfortunately,  I  do  notj^possess  the  letter- 

Eress  which  accompanied  this  engraving, 
n  the  same  journal  of  5  September,  1874, 
appeared  a  long  article  on  Leicester  Square, 
but  "  the  gilt  metal  statue  of  George  I. 
on  horseback  "  was  dismissed  in  a  couple  of 
lines.  JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

POPE'S  DESCRIPTION  or  SWIFT  (11  S.  iv. 
270). — Thackeray  doubtless  got  this  from 
'  Observations,  Anecdotes,  and  Characters 
of  Books  and  Men,'  by  the  Rev.  Joseph 
Spence.  Pope  is  there  quoted  as  saying 
in  1735  :— 

''That  picture  of  Dr.  Swift  is  very  like  him: 
though  his  face  has  a  look  of  darkness  in  it,  he  has 
very  particular  eyes :  they  are  quite  azure  as  the 
heavens,  and  there  is  a  very  uncommon  archness  in 
them." 

Edmund  Malone's  note  says  the  picture 
was  probably  a  portrait  of  Swift  by  Jervas. 
The  above  extract  is  from  Murray's  edition 
of  Spence,  1820,  p.  135. 

STEPHEN  WHEELER. 
Oriental  Club,  Hanover  Square. 

See  Joseph  Spence's  '  Anecdotes,'  edited 
by  S.  W.  Singer,  1820  ;  Underbill's  selection 
from  the  '  Anecdotes,'  p.  87  ;  and  Forster's 
*  Life  of  Swift,'  p.  227. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

[MR.  T.  BAYNE  and  MR.  W.  E.  BROWNING  also 
thanked  for  replies.] 

"  BEAT  AS  BATTY  "  :  "  BUSY  AS  BATTY  " 
<11  S.  iv.  250). — I  remember  well  the 
phrase  "  busy  as  Batty  "  in  Eastern  Corn- 
wall forty  years  ago  ;  but  I  always  took 
it  to  have  a  satirical  suggestion,  it  being- 
applied  to  those  who  made  a  parade  of  their 
-energy — who,  in  fact,  were  bustling  rather 
than  truly  busy.  DUNHEVED. 

TATTERSHALL:  ELSHAM:  CRANTHAM  (US. 
iv.  269). — There  is  no  difficulty  as  to  the 
original  pronunciation,  whatever  it  may  be 
now.  There  is  no  such  suffix  as  -shall,  or 
-sham,  or  -tham,  or  -pham,  though  all  these 
are  now  fairly  common.  For  example, 
there  are  Elt-ham  and  Mep-ham  in  Kent, 
which  those  who  go  by  the  spelling  pro- 
nounce as  El-tham  and  Me-pham  or  Me-fam. 
The  countryman  often  preserves  the  old 
sound,  because  he  goes  by  what  he  has  heard 
rather  than  by  what  he  reads.  A  good 
example  is  Acle  in  Norfolk,  which  old 
people  used  to  pronounce  as  Ac-lea  (i.e., 
Oak-lea)  ;  but  the  learned  reader  pronounces 
it  as  Aikel,  which  is  nonsense.  In  the 
case  of  Tattershall,  I  believe  the  r  to  be 
modern;  for  it  is  spelt  Tatteshalle  in  the 


'  Inquisitiones  post  Mortem,'  i.  286,  temp. 
Edw.  II.  The  apparent  sense  is  "  Tatt's 
hall"  or  "Tat's  hall";  compare  Tatsfield 
in  Surrey.  The  way  to  verify  this  is  for 
some  one  with  leisure  to  find  out  the  oldest 
known  spellings. 

So,  also,  for  the  certain  solution  of  Elsham 
and  Grantham,  we  require  very  early  spel- 
lings. Failing  these,  I  should  guess  Elsham 
to  mean  "  JElli's  home,"  with  the  same 
prefix  as  Els-worth  in  Cambs. 

And  I  should  guess  Grantham  (spelt  as 
now  in  the  time  of  Edward  I.)  to  mean 
"  home  [or  else  "  ham,"  i.e.,  enclosure] 
beside  the  Grant,"  notwithstanding  the  fact 
that  it  is  now  called  the  Witham.  Grant  is 
well  known  to  be  a  Celtic  river-name,  occur- 
ring in  Grantabridge,  the  old  name  of  Cam- 
bridge, and  in  Grantachester,  the  still  older 
name  of  Cambridge  referred  to  by  Beda ;  also 
in  the  old  Grant-sete,  afterwards  altered  to 
Granceter,  and  respelt  Grantchester,  later 
than  1700,  by  confusion  with  Beda's  name 
for  Cambridge  ;  for  the  antiquaries  of  the 
eighteenth  century  delighted  in  making 
"  learned  "  mistakes. 

WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

In  my  copy  of  '  Topographical  Account 
of  Tattershall,'  printed  at  Horncastle  in 
1813,  the  alternate  name  given  is  Tateshall, 
and  the  arms  of  Tateshall  are  mentioned  as 
appearing  on  the  chimney  pieces. 

J.  JACOBS. 

149,  Edgware  Road,  W. 

The  "  educated  superior  "  is  a  creature  of 
modern  growth.  The  late  Canon  Worsley, 
Rector  of  Little  Ponton,  and  his  family, 
always  called  their  neighbouring  town 
Grant-' am ;  and  some  60  years  ago  a 
farmer  at-  Saltfleetby  was  always  called 
Mr.  Grant-' am,  by  the  educated  and  un- 
educated alike.  J.  T.  F. 
Winter  ton,  Doncaster. 

Grantham  is  my  native  town,  and  I  have 
always  understood  that  it  was  Grant-ham. 
'  The  Century  Cyclopaedia  of  Names  '  has 
"  grant-am,"  and  Blackie's  '  Comprehensive 
Dictionary  '  gives  the  same  pronunciation, 
with  the  addition  of  the  aspirate  in  the  latter 
syllable.  Grantham  people  generally  say 
Grant-um.  A  few  years  ago  I  saw  on  a 
gingerbread  stall  at  a  Lancashire  fair  the 
painted  legend  "  Grantum  Gingerbread." 
W.  H.  PINCHBECK. 

Words  with  such  terminations  are  snares 
for  compositors.  See,  e.g.,  '  D.N.B.,'  xxxvi. 
29 9a,  "  Hot-ham."  The  pronunciation  is 
Hiith-am.  W.  C.  B. 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  H,  i9iL]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


315 


RAGNOB  LODBBOK'S  SONS  :  HULDA  (US. 
iv.  249). — At  8  S.  viii.  33  it  is  stated  that 
there  are  two  Huldas  in  Northern  story  : 
Hulda  the  propitious,  the  Queen  of  the  Flax 
Maidens ;  and  Hulda,  the  Queen  of  the 
Kobolds.  BENJ.  WALKEB. 

Gravelly  Hill,  Erdington. 

The  name  Hulda  occurs  in  the  Leeds 
Parish  Church  Registers  for  July,  1724,  as 
follows  :  "  Richard  Pickering's  Ch.  Millhill. 
Born  June  26.  Baptised  23.  Huldah." 

G.  D.  LTJMB. 

Leeds. 

DATES  IN  ROMAN  NUMEBALS  (11  S.  iv 
250). — The  following  dates,  as  written, 
were  inscribed  in  the  old  register  of  Wotton 
Church  by  John  Evelyn  the  diarist : — 

CIOIOXCVI. 

cioiocxcvn. 

The  third  instance  which  I  cited  I  recently 
copied,  but  have  not  made  a  note  where 
it  came  from. 

The  representations  of  the  M  and  the  D 
were  the  puzzle.  F.  R.  F. 

F.  R.  F.'s  query  as  to  the  dates  indicated 

*>y 

1.  CIOIOXCVI. 

2.  cioiocxcvn. 

3.  CIODLXXIX. 

is,  I  think,  correctly  answered  thus  : — 

1.  A.D.  1196. 

2.  A.D.  1297. 

3.  A.D.  1179. 

The  i  before  one  reverse  c  signifies  500 ; 
i  before  two  reverse  c's  signifies  1000 ; 
each  c  indicates  100;  xc  =  90 ;  vi  =  6  ; 
and  D  =  500.  PATBICK  GBAY. 

Dundee. 

Why  were  the  letters  10  adopted  to  repre- 
sent D  or  500,  and  cio  to  represent  M  or 
1000  ?  F.  A.  EDWABDS. 

[F.  R.  F.  has  cleared  up  our  difficulty  with 
respect  to  his  first  date,  which  in  his  query  he 
wrote  as 

CIOICXCVI. 

Now  that  he  has  reversed  the  third  c,  the  date 
reads  easily  as  =1596. 

We  think  MR.  GRAY  is  mistaken  in  his  inter- 
pretation of  the  dates  intended. 

With  regard  to  MR.  EDWARDS'S  question,  the 
similarity  in  shape  between  10  and  D,  and  between 
cio  and  M,  may  have  led  to  the  use  sometimes 
of  one  form,  sometimes  of  the  other.] 

BIBLES  WITH  CTJBIOUS  READINGS  (11  S. 
iii.  284,  433  ;  iv.  158,  217,  259).— It  is  so 
rarely  we  find  a  printer's  error  in  a  modern 
Bible  that  I  trust  I  may  be  pardoned  for 
mentioning  one  which  I  have  noticed  in 


my  reference  Bible  (Oxford  :  Printed  at  the 
University  Press,  M.DCCC.LV.).  It  occurs 
in  Jeremiah  xxxi.  15  :  "  Rahel  weeping 
for  her  children."  In  Matt.  ii.  18  the  name 
is  spelt  correctly — "  Rachel." 

HEBBEBT  B.  CLAYTON. 

["  Rahel "  is  not  a  misprint.  It  is  the  spelling 
in  Jeremiah  in  the  pearl  edition  of  the  A.V. 
printed  by  Eyre  &  Spottiswoode  in  1867.  The 
Revised  Version  adopts  "  Rachel"  in  this  passage.] 

THE  LOBD  CHIEF  JUSTICE,  THE  SHEBIFF, 
AND  VENTILATION  (US.  iv.  169,  217,  257).— 
The  original  query  was  about  ventilation 
and  a  fine  inflicted  by  Lord  Chief  Justice 
Cockburn  on  a  Sheriff,  no  date  or  place 
being  given.  The  fining  of  a  Sheriff  by  a 
Judge  is  not  a  common  occurrence,  and  I 
happened  to  know  a  good  deal  about  the 
only  instance  that  seemed  to  fit  the  query, 
and  confined  my  answer  as  much  as  possible 
to  the  incident,  which  had  nothing  whatever 
to  do  with  ventilation.  MB.  E.  H.  FAIB- 
BBOTHEB  goes  more  into  details.  There  were 
two  occasions  when  a  fine  was  imposed, 
each  for  a  different  offence  :  the  first  was 
remitted  almost  as  soon  as  inflicted;  tie 
second  was  paid,  and  never  remitted. 

I  may  take  this  opportunity  of  adding 
another  little  item,  not,  perhaps,  generally- 
known.  Serjeant  Ballantine  in  his  '  Remi- 
niscences,' as  I  mentioned  in  my  reply, 
alludes  to  the  incident,  saying  that  he 
and  Serjeant  Shee  visited  Mr.  Evelyn  at 
Wotton.  The  Sheriff' s  action  was  attributed 
to  legal  advice  given  on  that  occasion.  The 
Serjeant  rightly  denies  that.  Mr.  Evelyn's 
legal  adviser  on  the  matter  was  Mr.  Toulmin 
Smith,  as  may  be  seen  in  The  Abinger 
Monthly  Record,  January,  1893,  where  the 
Guildford  incident  is  alluded  to  in  one  of  a 
series  of  articles  on  'Knights  of  the  Shire 
for  the  County  of  Surrey,'  in  the  portion 
dealing  with  Mr.  W.  J.  Evelyn  as  member 
of  Parliament  for  the  Western  Division  of 
that  county.  A.  RHODES. 

'  ESSAY  ON  THE  THEATBE,'  c.  1775 : 
R.  CUMBEBLAND  (11  S.  iv.  247). — In  the 
twelfth  volume  of  '  The  Harleian  Miscellany,' 
published  in  1811,  there  is  a  long  poem 
which  is  probably  the  one  your  Strassburg 
correspondent  has  in  mind.  On  p.  146 
the  title  is  thus  given  : — 

"  An  Essay  on  the  Theatres  :  or,  The  Art  of 
Acting.  In  Imitation  of  Horace's  Art  of  Poetry. 
— MS. — Never  before  Fruited. — Ex  Noto  Fictum 
Carmen.  Hor."  ^j  »•»** 

It  is  anonymous,  and  contains  four  lines 
more  than  the  476  of  the  '  Epistola  ad 
Pisones.' 


316 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  u,  1911. 


I  should  like  to  know  what  grounds  the 
querist  has  for  saying  that  the  '  Essay ' 
was  "  published  between  17  December, 
1774,  and  the  middle  of  July,  1775,"  and 
that  it  is  a  criticism  "on  R.  Cumberland's 
plays,  particularly  on  that  entitled  '  The 
Fashionable  Lover.'  '  Neither  Cumber- 
land nor  his  play  is  mentioned  in  the  poem 
printed  in  '  The  Harleian  Miscellany,'  which 
from  internal  evidence  must  have  been 
written  some  years  before  the  above  date. 
For  instance,  Hogarth,  who  died  in  1764, 
is  still  in  the  land  of  the  living  : — 

Should  Hogarth,  with  extravagant  conceit, 
Make  a  strange  group  of  contrast  figures  meet. 

Again,    we   have   a  reference   to   a   famous 

actor  : — 

Fame  gives  this  rule,  if  we  to  fame  may  trust, 
Tragedians  only  act  a  Falstaff  just : 
In  this,  indeed,  long  famous  have  they  been, 
For  Betterton  was  matchless,  now  is  Quin. 

Quin,    unrivalled    in  his     impersonation    of 
Falstaff,  on  retiring  from  the  stage  took  up 
his  abode  at  Bath,  where  he  died  in  1766. 
A  reference  is  made  to  Colley  Gibber  : — 
Vain  all  the  puffs  to  publick  papers  sent  ; 
Vain  all  the  arts  ev'n  C-bb-r  could  invent. 

Gibber  died  in  1757.  It  would  therefore 
follow  that  the  poem  to  which  I  refer  was 
composed  not  before  the  date  just  mentioned, 
nor  later  than  1766.  I  am  strongly  inclined 
to  believe  that  this  is  the  '  Essay  '  which  your 
correspondent  desires  to  see. 

JOHN  T.  CURRY. 

LEMAX  STREET,  E.  (11  S.  iv.  210,  258).— 
For  twenty  years  (1876-96)  I  was  continu- 
ally in  touch  with  the  neighbourhood  in 
which  this  street  is  situated.  The  name 
.  was  almost  universally  pronounced  as 
"  lemon,"  with  an  occasional  lapse  to 
"  le-m'an.''  I  have  heard  a  porter  use 
both  these  pronunciations  almost  in  the 
same  breath  when  calling  out  the  name  of 
the  station.  "  JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

MR.  STILWELL  is  quite  correct,  When  I 
resided  in  that  district,  many  years  ago,  we 
always  referred  to  it  as  Lem'an  Street,  with 
accent  on  the  "  lem."  Curiously  enough, 
I  was  introduced  recently  to  a  lady  of  that 
name,  and  it  was  pronounced  in  the  same 
way  by  her  friends,  i.e.,  as  "  lemon." 

M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

URBAN  V.'s  FAMILY  NAME  (US.  iv.  204, 
256). — As  to  Don  Giuseppe,  Marques  de 
Grimaldo  (1660-1733),  Secretary  of  State 
to  Philip  V.,  Moreri  in  his  Spanish  '  Historical 
Dictionary,'  1753,  says  that  Don  Giuseppe 
was  a  Grimaldi,  of  that  branch  settled  at 


Seville.  He  also  mentions  Prince  Francesco* 
Grimaldo  of  the  Spanish  branch,  who  claimed? 
to  be  of  the  Genoese  Grimaldi,  affirming; 
that  he  had  always  kept  up  his  establish- 
ment at  Genoa.  Mr.  (afterwards  Sir)  George 
Bowyer,  in  a  letter  in  my  possession,  dated 
Genoa,  1  January,  1834,  says  that  the  minister 
was  a  Corsican  ;  and  the  Grimaldis  of  Corsica 
came  from  Genoa,  and  some  are  still  living 
in  that  island. 

Battilana  in  his  '  Nobilita  di  Genova,' 
Geneva,  1826,  vol.  ii.,  begins  the  genealogy 
of  the  Grimaldi  with  Grimaldo,  Consul  of 
Genoa,  1162;  then  follow  8  pp.  headed 
Grimaldo,  and  the  name  Grimaldo  appears- 
as  late  as  1460  at  least. 

A  letter  relating  to  the  death  of  the- 
Marquis  Joseph,  from  Francesco  di  Grimaldi,. 
is  in  the  British  Museum,  Additional  MS- 
15,577,  fo.  392;  and  a  volume  of  his  letters,. 
&c.,  is  in  Egerton  MS".  No.  364. 

Piferrer  in  his  '  Nobiliario,'  vol.  iii.  p.  98, 
gives  the  pedigree  of  the  Seville  Grimaldo,, 
and  the  dates  would  agree  with  his  Francesco 
Martinez  being  the  son  of  Bernardo  of  the 
Carignano  (Piedmont)  branch  as  set  out 
by  Venasque  in  his  '  Genealogica  Grimaldse- 
Gentis  Arbor,'  Parisiis,  1647,  p.  134. 

The  expression  "  one  of  the  most  powerful 
of  the  medieval  septs,"  used  of  the  former 
position  of  the  Grimaldi,  may  be  questioned  ; 
but  having  had  among  them  6  Principalities,. 
5  Dukedoms,  13  Marquisates,  9  Countships, 
and  40  Baronies,  besides  numerous  Lordships, 
and  having  given  many  Doges  to  Genoa,, 
and  one  to  Venice,  and  Cardinals  to  Rome, 
they  must  have  come  pretty  near  it. 

I  should  have  given  the  title  of  the  second 
life  of  Urban  V.  to  which  I  referred  ante? 
p.  204,  as  "  Vie  du  B.  Urbain  V.  Pape.  Par 
M.  Charbonnel.  Marseille,  1872."  Another 
account  of  him  is  to  be  found  in  "  l^tude  sur 
les  Relations  Politiques  du  Pape  Urbain  V. 
avec  les  Rois  de  France  Jean  II.  et  Charles  V. 
Par  Maurice  Prou.  Paris.  1887." 

I  have  no  knowledge  when  the  change- 
took  place,  if  it  did,  from  Grimaldi  to 
Grimoard  ;;  such  changes  were  certainly  not 
uncommon.  Thus  a  Grimaldi  in  Normandy 
changed  his  name  to  Bee  Crispin.  One  of 
them  was  standard-bearer  to  William  I.  in 
his  invasion,  and  received  very  large  grants,, 
the  name  being  again  changed  to  Fitz- 
william,  I  suppose  in  compliment  to  the- 
Conqueror,  and  this  great  family  still  bears, 
the  arms  and  motto  of  the  Grimaldi. 

The  old  legal  family  of  Grimord  in  Pro- 
vence was,  I  found,  called  Grimaldi ;  and 
they  were  formerly  numerous  there. 

L.  M.  R. 


n  s.  iv.  OCT.  14,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


317 


According  to  good  authorities,  Pope 
Urban  V.  was  of  French  or  Proven9al 
•extraction,  being  the  son  of  Grimoard,  lord 
of  Grisac  in  the  Gevaudan,  which  is  said 
to  be  included  in  the  modern  department 
•of  Lozere.  Larousse  places  the  town  of 
Grimaud  in  the  department  of  Var.  The 
transliteration  of  the  French  Grimoard  in 
Italian  would  be  Grimoaldo,  which  is  the 
form  adopted  in  Boccardo's  '  Enciclopedia 
Italiana.  '  Grimoard  and  Grimaud  are  dif- 
ferent names  in  modern  French,  though 
perhaps  they  stand  in  the  relation  of  Jehan 
to  Jean.  '  The  Encyclopaedia  Britannica  ' 
is  in  accord  with  Boccardo,  but  styles  the 
Pontiff  also  Grimaud  de  Beauvoir. 

N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

SCISSORS:  "PILE"  SIDE  (11  S.  iv. 
269). — Scissors  are  stamped  on  the  upper 
side.  The  "  pile  "  side  is  the  under  side. 
I  quote  the  following  from  my  *  Concise 
Dictionary,'  s.v.  pile  (2)  : — 

"  In  the  phrase  cross  and  pile  (of  a  coin), 
answering  to  the  modern  '  head  and  tail,'  the  pile 
took  its  name  from  the  pile  or  short  pillar  on  which 
the  coin  rested  when  struck ;  see  Cotgrave, 
«.v.  pile." 

Of  course  the  coin  rested  on  its  under  side  ; 
and  the  cross  was  stamped  on  the  upper 
one.  WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

"Pile"  is  the  reverse  of  the  "cross"  or 
face  side  of  a  coin.  "  Cross  and  pile " 
was  a  play  with  money,  as  we  now  say 
*'  head  or  tail,"  in  tossing.  The  word  is  the 
same  in  French,  "  Pile  ou  face."  See 
Du  Maurier's  '  The  Martian,'  at  p.  156,  with 
an  illustration. 

The  trade  name  for  the  two  holes  through 
•which  the  thumb  and  fingers  are  put  in  using 
a  pair  of  scissors  is  "the  bows." 

W.  E.  BROWNING. 

A  pair  of  scissors  consists  of  blades, 
shanks,  and  bows.  "  Bow "  is  described 
in  the  '  N.E.D.,'  11  a,  as  a  ring  or  hoop  of 
metal,  &c.,  forming  a  handle. 

TOM  JONES. 

CHARLES  ELSTOB  (11  S.  iv.  210,  257). — 
In  J.  J.  Sheahan's  '  History  of  Buckingham- 
shire,' p.  813,  under  Beaconsfield,  it  is  said 
that  there  is  a  mural  monument  in  the  chancel 
to  Mrs.  Jane  Elstob,  who  died  in  1779. 
As  Elstob  is  a  very  uncommon  name,  this 
person  may  possibly  have  been  a  relative 
of  Charles  Elstob.  I  hope  to  be  able  to 
forward  a  full  copy  of  the  inscription  later. 
L.  H.  CHAMBERS. 

Amersham. 


ZADIG  OF  BABYLON  (US.  iv.  269). — Per- 
haps INSHRIACH  has  not  seen  T.  H.  Huxley's 
On  the  Method  of  Zadig,'  the  first  essay  in 
that  author's  '  Science  and  Hebrew  Tradi- 
tion '  (viz.,  vol.  iv.  of  Hjuxley's  Collected 
Essays),  and  also  printed  in  Popular  Science 
Monthly,  vol.  xvii.,  and  Eclectic  Magazine, 
vol.  xcv.  This  was  originally  a  lecture  de- 
livered in  1880  at  the  Working  Men's  College 
in  Great  Ormond  Street.  Huxley  playfully 
remarks  in  the  opening  pages  of  his  lecture : — 

"  It  is  said  that  he  [Zadig]  lived  at  Babylon  in  the 
time  of  King  Moabdar ;  but  the  name  of  Moabdar 
does  not  appear  in  the  list  of  Babylonian  sove- 
reigns brought  to  light  by  the  patience  and  the 
industry  of  the  decipherers  of  cuneiform  inscrip- 
tions in  these  later  years  ;  nor  indeed  am  I  aware 
that  there  is  any  other  authority  for  his  existence 
than  that  of  the  biographer  of  Zadig,  one  Arouet 
de  Voltaire,  among  whose  more  conspicuous 
merits  strict  historical  accuracy  is  perhaps  hardly 
to  be  reckoned." 

Voltaire's  story  was  supposed  to  have  been 
founded,  in  part,  if  not]  wholly,  upon  *  The 
Hermit '  by  Thomas  Parnell ;  but  earlier 
writers  than  Parnell  had  used  the  idea — 
for  instance,  the  French  author  Bluet 
d'Arberes  in  1604.  A  chapter  in  Voltaire's 
'  Zadig  '  bears  the  heading  '  L'Ermite.' 

A.  L.  HUMPHREYS. 
187,  Piccadilly,  W. 

The  reference  is  to  the  famous  story  of 
'  Zadig '  by  Voltaire,  of  which  there  are 
numerous  editions  and  translations.  '  On 
the  Method  of  Zadig  '  is  one  of  Huxley's 
illuminating  lectures  which  will  be  found  in 
his  '  Science  and  Culture.' 

WILLIAM  E.  A.  AXON. 

'Zadig,'  of  which  there  is  a  convenient 
reprint  in  Voltaire's  *  Romans  Choisis, '  Paris, 
Jean  Gillequin  &  Cie  (1  fr.  25). 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

[MB.  W.  E.  BROWNING,  M.,  and  S.  W.  also  refer 
to  Voltaire.] 

HUNYADI  JANOS  (11  S.  iv.  270). — This 
means  John  of  Hunyad,  but  Hunyad  does 
not  mean  "  Huns'  Town,"  and  the  name  of 
the  water  cannot  be  rendered  as  Hungarian 
or  Hunnish  John.  The  spring  which  is 
situated  within  walking  distance  of  Buda- 
pest, behind  St.  Gerard's  Mount,  was  no 
doubt  named  by  the  owner  after  the  famous 
"  White  Knight  "  ;  another  spring  bears 
the  name  of  Francis  Joseph,  the  King  of 
Hungary  ;  and  yet  another,  that  of  Eliza- 
beth, his  unfortunate  queen.  Your  New 
York  correspondent  himself  adduces  the 
instance  of  the  Prince  de  Conde  spring,  and 
there  are  other  examples.  There  is,  e.g., 
the  Rakoczy  spring,  named  after  another 


318 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  u,  1911. 


Hungarian  hero,  at  Bad  Kissingen  ;  and  a 
few  years  ago  I  saw  some  bottles  of  a  similar 
kind  of  water  labelled  "  Lord  Roberts,"  from 
a  spring  in  Transdanubian  Hungary. 

\ j.  I...  l\. 

JOHN  OWEN  OF  HEMEL  HEMPSTEAD 
(11  S.  iv.  9). — I  enclose  copies  of  the  entries 
of  his  marriage  and  that  of  his  daughter, 
and  of  the  birth  of  his  children,  from  the 
Friends'  Registers  for  Hertfordshire. 

From  the  minute  books  of  the  Monthly 
Meeting  of  Hempstead,  Watford,  and  Albans, 
it  appears  that  John  Owen  was  a  pro- 
minent member  of  the  Society  of  Friends 
in  that  part  of  Hertfordshire.  He  was 
Clerk  of  the  Monthly  Meeting  from  1706 
until  1737,  when  he  removed  to  London. 

A  record  is  also  preserved  in  this  Library 
of  the  case  of  John  Owen,  schoolmaster  at 
"  Hempsted  in  Hartfordshire,"  when  he 
appeared  before  a  "  spiritual  court "  at 
Welwin,t4th  of  8th  month,  1705,  "  concerning 
teaching  school." 

In  the  London  register  there  is  record  of 
the  death  of  a  John  Owen,  aged  63,  in  1743  ; 
also  of  Sarah,  wife  of  John,  aged  61,  1739, 
and  of  John,  son  of  John,  aged  74,  1740. 

We  have  no  means  of  definitely  connecting 
this  John  Owen  with  the  Hertfordshire  one, 
but  it  appears  probable  that  they  are  the 
same.  NORMAN  PENNEY. 

Friends'  Reference  Library,  E.G. 

[We  have  forwarded  the  register  extracts  to 
the  querist.] 

"  HlC    LOCUS    ODIT,    AMAT,"    &C.    (11    S.    ill. 

66,  131 ;  iv.  279). — "  Boves  "  at  the  last  refer- 
ence was  a  lapsus  calami  for  "  manu  "  ; 
and  "  versus  correlative  "  should  be  "  versus 
correlative"  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

"  TERRAPIN  "  :  A  PROPOSED  ETYMOLOGY 
(11  S.  iv.  106). — Having  just  got  a  sight  of 
the  latest  section  of  the  letter  T  in  the 
'N.E.D.,'  I  am  glad  to  say  that  my  con- 
jecture as  to  the  derivation  of  this  name  from 
terre-plein,  the  sloping  surface  of  a  rampart, 
seems  to  be  well  justified.  Under  the  verbal 
form  of  that  word  I  find,  "  Terre-plein 
(corruptly  terrapin),  v.  obsolete  :  rare  : 
to  furnish  with  a  terre-plein,"  which  is 
followed  by  a  quotation  from  the  '  Fort 
St.  George  Records,'  1672  :  "  Whither  the 
Curtains  of  the  Christian  Town  to  bee 
strengthened  and  Terrapined." 

This  proves  that  terrapin  had  been  evolved 
from  the  French  or  Spanish  word  at  Madras 
at  least ;  and  if  the  term  existed  in  Asia, 
it  was  probably  already  known  in  Europe 
and  America  as  well.  N.  W.  HILL. 


on 


An**  Illustrated  Historical  and  Topographical 
Account  of  the  Urban  District  of  Enfield.  By 
Cuthbert  Wilfrid  Whitaker,  Capt.  (Bell  & 
Sons.) 

STUDENTS  of  topography  should  welcome  Capt, 
Whitaker's  endeavour  to  preserve  for  future 
generations  a  description  of  the  parish  of  Enfield, 
which  has  many  interesting  historical  and  literary 
reminiscences,  and  which,  as  he  points  out,  has 
already  lost  its  characteristic  features  of  a  pleasant 
country  town  and  become  a  London  suburb. 

Personally  we  should  have  preferred  the  author 
to  deal  somewhat  more  at  length  with  the  earlier 
historical  and  antiquarian  aspect  of  his  subject, 
but  his  desire  seems  rather  to  have  been  to  furnish 
full  details  of  the  parish  as  it  is  at  the  present 
day,  and,  dealing  with  a  place  where  the  old  land- 
marks are  being  ruthlessly  effaced  by  the  builder, 
this  portion  of  the  book  will  no  doubt  prove 
valuable. 

The  author  divides  his  work  into  four  portions, 
of  which  the  first  is  devoted  to  a  short  general 
introduction,  followed  by  a  sketch  giving  details 
of  the  earlier  topographical  and  antiquarian 
history  of  the  parish,  its  manors,  &c.,  and  showing 
its  evolution  from  prehistoric  times  down  to  the 
present. 

In  Part  III.  the  author  takes  the  reader  through 
the  various  portions  of  the  district,  pointing  out 
its  features  as  they  exist  at  present  ;  and  this 
is  followed  by  Part  IV.,  '  Biographical  Sketches,' 
in  which  short  details  are  recorded  of  numerous 
literary  and  other  persons  who  lived  in  or  were 
associated  with  the  parish,  and  the  catholic 
nature  of  which  may  be  gathered  from  the  fact 
that  it  ranges  from  King  Alfred  to  Walter  Pater 
(1839-94).  To  many  readers,  at  any  rate  to 
lovers  of  Charles  Lamb,  the  most  interesting 
portion  of  the  book  will  probably  be  the  compre- 
hensive account  of  Charles  and  Mary  Lamb 
during  their  residence  at  Enfield,  contributed  by 
Mr.  H.  Dugdale  Sykes,  and  extending  to  upwards 
of  30  pages. 

Finally,  there  is  an  appendix  giving  full 
particulars  of  Local  Government,  Poor  Law,, 
and  other  matters,  statistics  of  population,  &c., 
and  a  bibliography,  as  the  author  says,  "  for 
reference  if  required,  or  for  avoidance  by  those 
who  consider  statistics  tiresome  and  unnecessary." 
Although  undoubtedly  dry  reading,  these  statis- 
tics should  prove  useful  to  present  residents,  and 
of  value  to  future  workers  in  a  like  field. 

The  work,  which  is  a  handsome  volume  of 
400  pages,  is  well  furnished  with  maps,  plans,  and 
upwards  of  100  illustrations.  There  is  also  a 

somprehensive    table    of    contents    and    a   good 

ndex. 

The  Fortnightly  of  this  month  is  more  than 
usually  strong  in  literary  articles.  We  would 
draw  attention  to  '  Mary  Shelley's  Suitors,'  who- 
ncluded  John  Howard  Payne,  the  author  of 
Home,  Sweet  Home,'  and  Washington  Irving. 
John  Trelawny  appears  to  the  writer  of  the  article, 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  i4t  1011.1         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


319 


Mr.  Francis  Gribble,  as  hardly  answering  to  the 
title  of  a  suitor.  Another  article  particularly 
worth  reading  is  that  on  '  Nelson  as  seen  in  his 
Letters  '  (Sir  Harris  Nicolas's '  Nelson's  Dispatches 
and  Letters'). 

*  Anna  Karenina  :  an  Appreciation,'  is  also 
a  depreciation,  by  Mr.  Low,  of  Merejkowsky's 
volume  on  Tolstoy.  As  we  account  the  apprecia- 
tion of  the  book  we  have  read  as  too  laudatory, 
we  conceive  that  the  depreciation  of  what  we 
have  not  read  may  be  too  denunciatory.  Over- 
emphasis also  somewhat  mars  Mr.  Walter  Sichel's 
'  English  Aristophanes,'  an  attempt  to  liken  Sir 
William  Gilbert  to  the  Greek  comic  poet.  Maeter- 
linck's essay  on  '  Death  '  is  largely  an  argument 
for  a  common-sense  view  which  would  lead  natur- 
ally to  the  elimination  of  fear  in  those  in  health 
of  mind  and  body,  though  many  generations  will 
doubtless  pass  away  before  such  reasonableness 
will  become  sufficiently  fixed  to  stand  the  test  of 
ill-health  of  mind  or  body. 

MB.  W.  S.  LILLY'S  article  in  The  Nineteenth 
Century  on  '  The  Philosophy  of  Strikes  '  is  un- 
doubtedly one  of  the  few  really  helpful  contribu- 
tions to  the  study  of  the  question  which  have 
been  made  as  the  outcome  of  the  recent  industrial 
disturbances.  We  make,  we  believe,  the  only 
possible  criticism  when  we  say  that  he  is  almost 
virulent  in  the  case  of  the  ignorant  extravagances 
of  the  toilers,  and  tenderly  denunciatory  of  the 
cultivated  extravagances  of  the  rich.  The  same 
distinction  is  apparent  in  dealing  with  the  force 
majeure  of  the  manual  worker,  i.e.,  the  strike, 
and  the  counter  of  the  capitalist,  which  consists 
in  masterly  inactivity  while  he  maintains  himself 
on  his  amassed  wealth.  Alongside  of  this  appa- 
rent disposition  towards  feudalism  is  the  severest 
criticism  we  have  seen  of  the  present  Government 
and  the  party  system  generally. 

A  careful  article  by  Mrs.  Pinsent  examines  and 
discusses  the  results  of  the  Elementary  Education 
(Defective  and  Epileptic  Children)  Act  of  1899. 
Her  plea  for  continuity  of  control  for  a  large 
percentage  of  the  feeble-minded  is  supported 
by  facts  which  emphasize  the  folly  of  continued 
shelving  of  this  question.  The  prevalent  haziness 
of  expression  on  the  subject  of  the  epileptic  as 
distinct  from  the  defective  is  not  touched  on. 

Mr.  Frederic  Harrison  as  an  old  traveller  of 
sixty-six  years'  experience  gives '  My  Reisebilder — 
Old  and  New.'  He  writes  as  one  to  whom  the 
cities  of  Europe  are  more  familiar  than  to  most 
men  is  their  own  capital,  and,  in  a  style  at  once 
discursive  and  provocative,  distributes  praise 
or  blame  for  this,  that,  or  the  other  vanished  or 
captured  beauty. 

General  Maunsell's  article  on  '  The  Siege  of 
Delhi,'  while  in  no  way  traversing  the  best  narra- 
tives of  that  event,  testifies  to  certain  misconcep- 
tions in  historians  of  the  siege.  Another  Indian 
study-  is  '  Why  India  Lags  Behind,'  in  which 
the  author,  Saint  Nihal  Singh,  draws  attention  to 
the  spirit  of  suspicion  which,  he  avers,  is  having  a 
prejudicial  effect  upon  the  legitimate  aspirations 
of  his  people.  *  Glorious  Robert  Browning  '  is  an 
appreciation  of  the  poet  by  Emily  Hickey, 
which  would  have  lost  nothing  by  diminished 
exuberance  of  expression.  Other  subjects  treated 
are  '  The  Revival  of  Boxing  '  and  '  Our  Moslem 
Sisters.' 


The  Burlington  opens  with  an  appreciation  by 
Mr.  Charles  S.  Read  of  the  distinguished  collector 
to  whom  the  nation  is  so  greatly  indebted  for  the 
share  he  had  in  the  formation  of  the  National 
Art-Collections  Fund — Mr.  Max  Rosenheim.  The 
frontispiece  is  a  beautiful  reproduction  of  one  of 
those  careful  copies  of  English  Primitives  which  Mr. 
Tristram  has  for  several  years  been  making.  This 
is  a  painted  roundel  from  the  Bishop's  Chapel  at 
Chichester,  about  2  ft.  6  in.  in  diameter,  painted 
in  fine  tempera  heightened  with  gilding.  Num- 
bers of  these  paintings  by  national  artists,  executed 
between  the  twelfth  and  the  sixteenth  centuries, 
are  to  be  found  up  and  down  the  country, 
and  deserve  serious  consideration  by  students  of 
painting. 

The  newly  discovered  miniature  of  Thomas 
Cromwell  which  Mr.  Lionel  Cust  attributes  to  Hans 
Holbein,  unfortunately  lost  to  the  National  Por- 
trait Gallery,  finds  place  amongst  other  notable 
miniatures  in  Mr.  Pierpont  Morgan's  collection. 
He  is  to  be  congratulated  on  the  possession  of  a 
Holbein  Which,  though  damaged,  shows  unmis- 
takably the  master's  hand  in  its  skilful  drawing 
of  the  somewhat  vulgar  physiognomy  of  Henry's 
plebeian  adviser. 

'  Chinese  Stone  Sculpture  at  Boston  '  is  the 
subject  of  an  article  by  Mr.  Frederick  W.  Coburn,. 
in  which  he  claims  for  some  of  the  pre-Buddhistic 
exhibits  rank  amongst  the  world's  masterpieces. 
The  art  of  •  stone  sculpture,  which  grew  up  in 
China  in  the  second  and  first  centuries  B.C., 
flourished  for  nearly  a  millennium,  and  then 
disappeared,  is  being  rediscovered  to-day  with 
surprise.  Incidentally  the  author  has  something 
to  say  on  the  acquisitive  faculty  of  the  Japanese. 

Mr.  G.  F.  Hill  writes  on  the  Italian  medals  in 
the  Salting  Collection,  praising  their  quality  as 
extraordinarily  high.  Mr.  Goulding  has  an 
article  on  Nicholas  Dixon  the  limner,  and  Mr. 
Alfred  Jones  one  on  '  Old  Chinese  Porcelain  made 
from  English  Silver  Models.'  Most  of  these 
copies  were  made  between  1722  and  1795,  when 
an  extensive  trade  between  China  and  Europe 
was  established,  though  one  example  in  the 
Victoria  and  Albert  Museum  Mr.  Jones  assigns 
to  an  earlier  period. 

MB.  MAUBICE  Low  on  '  American  Affairs  '  in 
The  National  Review  has  some  caustic  comments  on 
America's  methods  of  setting  about  the  prelimin- 
aries of  treaty-making.  His  reproduction  of  the- 
pro  and  con  newspaper  comments  on  President 
Taft's  tariff  policy  will  be  the  cause  of  sympathy 
between  those  Englishmen  and  their  transatlantic 
cousins  who  regret  the  want  of  the  judicial  spirit 
in  the  world's  press.  Mr.  Low  quotes  The  New 
York  Herald  on  the  subject  of  America's  "  Heads 
I  win,  tails  you  lose  "  position  in  the  case  of  war- 
between  England  and  Germany. 

After  reading  Mr  Low's  article,  our  readers 
will  probably  centre  their  attention  on  '  Garrick's 
"  Grand  Tour,"  '  by  Mr.  Austin  Dobson,  and 
'  Voltaire  and  his  Age,'  by  Prof.  Pelham  Edgar. 
The  former  suffers  from  discursiveness,  but  in  the 
latter  we  realize  Voltaire  as  the  man  of  his  age. 
Certainly  the  spirit  of  the  present  day  is  adverse 
to  his  principle  that  "  You  must  be  economical 
in  your  youth,  and  you  find  yourself  in  your  old 
age  in  possession  of  a  capital  that  surprises  you  ; 
and  that  is  the  time  of  life  when  fortune  is  most 
necessary  to  us." 


320 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         in  s.  iv.  OCT.  w,  MIL 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — OCTOBER. 

MR.  BERTRAM  DOBELL'S  Catalogue  199  presents 
an  interesting  collection  of  "  out-of-the-way " 
books.  Among  the  choicer  items  we  notice  a 
set  of  the  original  issue  of  Durfey's  '  Wit  and 
Mirth,'  1719  ;  Young's  '  Night  Thoughts  '  with 
the  marginal  designs  by  William  Blake  (in  un- 
cut state)  ;  and  Nashe's  '  Christ's  Teares  over 
Jerusalem.' 

From  Mr.  Dobell  also  comes  Part  II.  of  his 
Catalogue  of  Autograph  Letters  and  Historical 
Manuscripts,  containing  a  large  collection  of 
letters,  chiefly  of  celebrities  of  the  nineteenth 
•century,  but  including  some  of  earlier  date,  and 
also  a  selection  of  foreign  letters  and  documents. 
The  Catalogue  is  interesting  reading  on  account 
of  Mr.  Dobell's  annotations  and  its  many 
quotations. 

Messrs.  Drayton  &  Sons  of  Exeter  send  two 
Catalogues.  No.  228  contains  Green's  '  Ency- 
clopaedia of  Medicine  and  Surgery,'  10  vols., 
41.  4s.  ;  '  Le  Cabinet  des  Fees,'  41  vols.,  31.  15s.  ; 
Boase  and  Courtney's  '  Bibliotheca  Cornubi- 
ensis,'  3  vols.,  1874,  11.  4s.  ;  and  '  Encyclopaedia 
Britannica,'  10th  ed.,  35  vols.,  half -morocco, 
51.  5s.  There  are  also  fine  proof  portraits  of 
Fox,  Pitt,  Lord  Brougham,  and  other  notabilities. 

Catalogue  229  is  devoted  to  Modern  Theology- 
Among  the  contents  are  '  The  Preacher's  Complete 
Homiletical  Commentary  on  the  Old  Testament,' 
:21  vols.,  21.  2s.  ;  Butler's  '  Lives  of  the  Fathers,' 
12  vols.,  calf,  11.  Is.  ;  Grimm  and  Thayer's 
-'  Greek-English  Lexicon  to  the  New  Testament,' 
1886,  1Z.  Is.  ;  and  '  The  Speaker's  Commentary 
on  the  Bible  and  Apocrypha,'  13  vols.  (published 
at  121.  19s.),  21.  5s. 

Messrs.     Maggs     Brothers'     Catalogue     270     is 
-devoted   entirely   to   Autograph   Letters,    Signed 
Documents,   and   Manuscripts.     The   frontispiece 
is  a  facsimile  of  one  of  Keats's  letters  to  Fanny 
Brawne,  in  which  he  says,  "  I  should  like  to  cast 
the    die    for    Love    or    death,"    95L     Literature 
figures    largely   in   the    Catalogue.     There    is    an 
autograph  poem  by  R.  L  S.,    '  Embro  Hie  Kirk,' 
consisting  of  11  six-line  verses,  95Z.     A  pen-and- 
rink  drawing  by  Thackeray  of  his  coat  of  arms, 
with   autograph   note   at  foot,   is   26Z.     A   letter 
from    Tennyson    expresses    his    pleasure    at    an 
Arctic    Cape    being    named    after    him,    11.    10s. 
Pope   writes   to    Tonson,    asking   him   to    "bind 
Gulliveriana  and  letter  it  thus   Libels   on  Swift 
.and  Pope,"  25Z.     Melancholy  interest  is  lent  to 
Hesba  Stretton's  letter,    "  I   have  been  terribly 
shocked  at  the  death  of  Mr.  Charles  Dickens .... 
He  was  always  so  liberal,"  by  the  announcement 
*of  her  own  death  this  week.     Of  special  interest 
to  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  will  be  a  long  letter  from 
Robert    Browning    referring    in    terms    of     high 
praise  to  '  Dorothy,'  a  poem  published  anonym- 
ously ,    but    Written     by    A.     J.     Munby,     whose 
initials  were  familiar  to  older  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
London  clubs  are  just  now  figuring  in  our  pages, 
and  Messrs.  Maggs  offer  the  original  manuscript 
book   of   rules   of   the   famous   Whig   Club,   with 
.autograph   signatures   of   the   members,   for   60Z. 
Drama     is     represented     by     a     correspondence 
between  Garrick  and  Mrs.   Abington    (38Z.),    and 
a  letter  written  at  Montreal  by  Edmund  Kean, 
;in  which  he  expresses  his  hope  that  his  Canadian 


tour  will  enable  him  to  reap  such  a  "  Dramatic 
Harvest"  that  he  will  be  able  to  accomplish  his 
'one  ambition ....  to  possess  Drury  Lane  Theatre ' ' 
10Z.  10s.).  The  Catalogue  is  replete  with  interest. 

Mr.  C.  J.  Sawyer's  Catalogue  27  includes 
Byron's  Works,  Library  Edition,  extra-illustrated 
with  coloured  portraits  and  plates,  6  vols., 
bound  in  blue  levant  morocco,  6Z.  6s.  ;  Dickens, 
Edition  de  Luxe,  with  original  drawings,  30  vols., 
half  citron  levant  morocco,  27Z.  10s.  ;  Browning's 
Complete  Works,  17  vols.,  finely  bound,  6Z.  6s.  ; 
Baker's  '  Newe  Jewell  of  Health,'  1576,  6Z.  10s.  ; 
Boorde's  '  Breviary  of  Healthe,'  1557,  10Z.  15s.  ; 
and  Pater's  'Marius  the  Epicurean,'  first  edition, 
with  autograph  letter  inserted,  4Z.  14s.  Qd.  The 
Catalogue  contains  also  a  large  number  of  stan- 
dard historical  works  by  Lecky,  Green,  Duruy, 
Gardiner,  Banke,  Bawlinson,  and  Walpole. 

Messrs.  Young  &  Sons'  Liverpool  Catalogue 
CCCCXXV.  contains  Cruikshank's  own  copy 
(with  his  signature)  of  the  first  edition  of  Grimm's 
'  Fairy  Tales,'  illustrated  by  himself  ;  a  complete 
set  of  the  original  editions  of  Surtees's  sporting 
novels  ;  a  copy  of  the  Nuremberg  Chronicle, 
1493  ;  first  edition  of  Florio's  Montaigne,  1603  ; 
a  fine  original  impression  of  Bewick's  celebrated 
'  Chillingham  Bull,'  with  the  border  ;  an  extra- 
illustrated  copy  of  Miss  Berry's  Journals  ;  speci- 
mens of  fine  bindings  and  of  early  printing  ; 
an  almost  complete  set  of  the  original  editions  of 
Sir  R.  F.  Burton's  books  of  travel ;  first  edition  of 
Carlyle's  '  French  Revolution '  ;  many  fine 
Baxter  prints  ;  collections  of  books  about 
America,  birds,  history,  Isle  of  Man,  the  lathe, 
Liverpool,  natural  history,  Scotland,  and  sport  ; 
and  books  illustrated  by  Blake,  Bewick,  Diirer, 
Alken,  Turner,  and  other  artists. 

[Notices  of  other  Catalogues  held  over.] 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
ind  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  '  Notes  and  Queries'"— Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub^ 
lishers  "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

To  secure  insertion  of  communications  corre- 
spondents must  observe  the  following  rules.  Let 
each  note,  query,  or  reply  be  written  on  a  separate 
slip  of  paper,  with  the  signature  of  the  writer  and 
such  address  as  he  wishes  to  appear.  When  answer- 
ing queries,  or  making  notes  with  regard  to  previous 
entries  in  the  paper,  contributors  are  requested  to 
put  in  parentheses,  immediately  after  the  exact 
heading,  the  series,  volume,  and  page  or  pages  to 
which  they  refer.  Correspondents  who  repeat 
queries  are  requested  to  head  the  second  com- 
munication "  Duplicate." 

J.  W.  R. — Forwarded. 

ASTARTE  ("  Millions  of  spiritual  creatures 
walk  the  earth  "). — '  Paradise  Lost,'  Book  IV. 
1.677.  t 


us. iv. OCT. 21, ion.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


321 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  SI,  1911. 


CONTENTS.— No.  95. 

NOTES  :— '  Dives  and  Pauper,'  321— King's  'Classical  Quota- 
tions,' 323—'  Howden  Fair  '—Wordsworth  :  "  Quam  nihil 
ad  genium,  Papiniane,  tuum  !  " — Thackeray  and  a  Child, 
325— Pepys  Bobbed  —  Hertfordshire  Inscriptions— "  W  " 
pronounced  like  "V"— Earl  of  Tarras,  326— Mytton  and 
Hard  wick  e  MSS.—  Origin  of  Grosvenor  Square— Filey 
Bay  Custom— Aylraer's  '  History  of  Ireland,'  327. 

QUERIES  :  —  "  Thon  "  :  "  Thonder  "  —  "  Thorpsman  "  — 
Crosby  Hall  Roof,  327— Omar  Khayyam  Bibliography- 
Barnard  Family — J.  Downman  :  Barnard — Curious  Will, 
1564  —  Welsh  Canonized  Saints  —  Sainte-Beuve  —  Jessie 
Brown  and  the  Relief  of  Lucknow,  323 — Authors  Wanted 
—  Haldeman  Surname  —  Rhoscrowther  —  Peter  Pindar 
MSS.— Oyster  Club— Lyons,  Surgeon,  1725  — Baron  de 
Waller,  329— Pitt  Family  of  Cosey  Hall— Kingsley  and 
Browning — Penge — P.  Courayer  on  Anglican  Orders  — 
TJpham  Latin  Inscriptions  —  Frost  Arms  —  Jefferson- 
Sampson— Porch  Inscription,  330. 

REPLIES :— Peers  immortalized  by  Public-Houses,  331— 
Thackeray:  Wray— John  Balliol,  333— Maida :  Naked 
British  Soldiers,  334  —  Fulani  or  Fulahs  —  "  Bombay 
Duck,"  335— French  Church  in  Threadneedle  Street— 
Watchmakers'  Sons— Henry  Fielding— "  Tea  and  turn 
out,"  336—'  Point  of  War '— "  Grecian  "  in  1615— Authors 
Wanted-Sir  J.  Abbott— Hulda—F.  Knibberch,  337— 
Heine  and  Byron— Spanish  Motto— Paris  Barriers,  338— 
Rev.  T.  Delafield  —  Lord  Beauchamp  —  The  Cuckoo— 
4  Persuasion  '—Grand  Khaibar— Hamilton  Kerby— Street 
Nomenclature,  339. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS:— 'The  Roman  Era  in  Britain'— 
'Coriolanus.' 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


'DIVES    AND    PAUPER.' 

THE  '  Dictionary  of  National  Biography ' 
follows  time-honoured  tradition  in  accepting 
the  attribution  of  the  anonymous  dialogue 
*  Dives  and  Pauper '  to  a  certain  Henry 
Parker,  Carmelite  of  Doncaster,  who  died 
in  1470.  But  tradition,  even  if  it  reaches 
back  to  Bale,  is  a  very  dubious  guide  to 
truth,  and  it  seems  more  than  doubtful 
in  this  case  if  tradition  has  any  foundation 
in  reality. 

Of  Henry  Parker's  life  and  deeds  the 
most  adequate  account  is  to  be  found  in 
Gregory's  Chronicle.  He  "  was  borne  in 
Flete  Strete,  a  skyner  ys  sone,"  and  in  1464 
was  of  such  years  as  to  be  called  "  the  yong 
fryer  "  ('  Historical  Collections  of  a  Citizen 
of  London,'  pp.  228,  230).  Nothing  is  said 
of  his  degree  of  Doctor  of  Divinity,  nor  of  his 
authorship  of  the  dialogue  in  question,  nor 
of  his  death.  The  chronicler  is  interested 
only  in  the  part  the  friar  took  in  the  acri- 
monious dispute  in  London  concerning  the 


mendicancy  of  Christ  and  in  the  friar's 
London  origin.  Leland  in  his  account  of 
Parker  ('  Commentarii  de  Scriptoribus  Bri- 
tannicis,'  ed.  1709,  p.  452)  makes  no  allusion 
to  '  Dives  and  Pauper  '  ;  and  the  untrust- 
worthy Bale  is  the  first  authority  for  the 
attribution  (' Scriptorum  Illustrium  Majoris 
Britanniae  Summarium,'  ed.  1559,  p.  609). 
Bale  is  followed  by  Pits,  Fabricius,  Tanner, 
and  others,  including  the  *  D.N.B.',  which 
in  turn  is  followed  by  '  The  Cambridge 
History  of  English  Literature '  (vol.  ii., 
p.  321)".  Incidentally,  it  may  be  mentioned 
the  last-named  work,  doubtless  by  a  slip 
describes  the  dialogue  as  finishing  with  a 
treatise  on  holy  poverty. 

'  Dives  and  Pauper  '  has  been  hitherto 
little  used  by  historians,  but  he  who  would 
acquire  a  knowledge  of  fifteenth-century 
witchcraft  and  demonology,  of  fifteenth- 
century  clergy  and  laymen,  might  read  many 
books  before  he  found  so  much  to  his  purpose 
as  is  therein.  He  would,  moreover,  get  no 
inconsiderable  entertainment  by  the  way, 
despite  certain  barren  tracts  of  long-faded 
theology,  unrelieved  by  disquisitions  upon 
things  of  this  world.  For  the  reasons 
suggested  above,  to  the  student  of  social 
history — and,  for  another  reason  which 
will  afterwards  appear,  to  the  student  of 
English  literature — the  date  of  composition 
of  the  dialogue  is  a  matter  of  some  little 
importance,  more  particularly  since  its 
present  ascription  appears  to  be  erroneous 
in  point  of  time  by  about  half  a  century ; 
it  seems,  in  fact,  that  he  who  wrote  the 
book  was  a  contemporary  not  of  Caxton, 
but  of  Chaucer. 

Three  MSS.  of  the  dialogue  are  in  the 
British  Museum  (Harl.  149,  Reg.  17c.  XX., 
and  Reg.  17c,  XXL),  and  another  is  in  the 
Cathedral  Library  at  Lichfield.  If  there 
are  others  extant,  a  fairly  diligent  search 
in  the  usual  works  of  reference  has  failed 
to  reveal  them.  Only  two  of  these  four 
MSS.  (all,  in  various  ways,  incomplete) 
contain  any  note  as  to  the  identity  of  the 
author.  On  the  first  page  of  MS.  Reg.  17c. 
XXI.  there  is,  in  a  hand  apparently  of  the 
seventeenth  century,  an  inscription,  "  Hen- 
ricus  Parker  Monachus  qui  calruit  Anno  D. 
1471  Author  fuit  istius  libri  "  ;  MS.  Reg.  17c. 
XX.  is  similarly  favoured  ;  but  as  the  hand 
in  each  case  is  the  same,  and  as  the  MSS. 
are  both  attributed  by  the  Museum  autho- 
rities to  the  first  half  of  the  fifteenth  cen- 
tury, the  statement,  probably  borrowed 
from  Bale  or  some  equally  dependable  source, 
is  of  no  great  value.  Harley  149  (apparently 
a  little  later  than  the  two  Royal  MSS.) 


322 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [n  s.  iv.  OCT.  21, 1911. 


and  the  Lichfield  MS.  (for  information  as 
to  which  I  am  indebted  to  the  Bishop 
of  Stafford)  have  preserved  an  inviolate 
anonymity. 

The  discreet  author,  while  preferring  to 
leave  his  name  to  conjecture — being  possibly 
not  uninfluenced  in  this  determination 
by  certain  constitutions  of  Archbishop 
Arundel's,  touching  disputations  as  to  the 
veneration  of  saints'  images  and  other 
matters  suspiciously  heretical — has  never- 
theless provided  evidence  sufficient  to  refute 
Bale's  light-hearted  guess  as  to  his  name 
and  age,  for  it  appears  that  he  was  engaged 
upon  the  book  at  least  as  early  as  1405, 
although  he  had  possibly  not  completed  his 
task  in  1409.  In  chap,  xlvii.,  upon  the 
First  Commandment,  Pauper  says  : — 

"  In  the  sere  of  oure  lord  m°cccc°  ]>e  Kalendys  of 
Januerie  fellyn  on  ]>e  thiirsday  whan  as  they  seyne 
shulde  followe  plente  of  alle  gode  and  pees  also/  but 
]?at  3ere  folwyd  grete  hungre,  grete  pestylence, 
sodeyn  deth,  'werre  wyt  in  ]>e  lond,  and  werre 
wytoutyn,  drede  sorwye  and  care  and  tribulacyoun 
in  every  degre  be  Kalendys  han  chaunged  sythyn 
from  day  to  day  and  ]>is  }ere  ben  comyn  a^en  on 
\>e  thursday/  but  our  dysese  chaungyth  not  but 
alway  into  werse  for  our  sin  alway  moryth  and  not 
lessyth." 

The  natural  construction  to  be  put  upon 
this  passage,  which  is  quoted  as  it  appears 
in  MS.  Reg.  17c.  XXI.,  is  that  it  was  written 
in  1405,  the  year  next  after  1400  in  which 
the  1st  of  January  fell  upon  a  Thursday.  A 
little  before,  in  chap,  xxix.,  on  the  same 
Commandment,  Dives  had  spoken  of 

"  ]>at  wonderful  comete  and  starre  whiche  aperyd 
upon  J>islond/  ]>e  }ere  of  oure  lord  m°cccc°ii°  from  ]?e 
ephyphany  tyl  to  weks  after  estren  ]>at  was  pe  mydde 
of  apprylle," 

from  which  it  would  seem  that  the  event  was 
still  fresh  in  the  writer's  mind,  although, 
it  is  true,  his  account  differs  from  that  of 
other  contemporary  writers  (e.g.,  Walsing- 
ham,  '  Hist.  Angl.,'  p.  248),  "  cometa 
apparuit  mense  Martis  "  ;  '  Historical  Col- 
lections of  a  Citizen  of  London,'  p.  103, 
"  Also  thys  yere  there  was  a  sterre  that  was 
callyd  Comata .  .  .  .  and  he  duryd  V  wekys 
and  more  "  ;  cf.  also  '  Chronicon  Adae  de 
Usk,'  ed.  1904,  p.  75). 

This  strong  evidence  as  to  the  date  of 
composition  is  supported  by  allusions  to 
what  appear  to  be  other  events  of  the  first 
decade  of  the  fifteenth  century  or  earlier 
years.  Dives,  for  example,  speaking  of 
the  comet,  remarks  upon  the  countries  in 
the  realm  that  have  been  destroyed  and 
changed  into  other  lordship  and  nations 
since  the  star  appeared  ;  and  he  adds  that 
both  the  King  and  all  the  realm  are  likely  in  a 


short  time  to  be  changed  and  destroyed, 
[n  chap,  xviii.  on  the  Second  Commandment 
hie  considers  it  possible  that  the  realm 
may  be  translated  again  to  the  Britons  or 
some  other  tongues  ;  he  has  already  in  the 
seventeenth  chapter  declared  the  land  to 
ae  in  point  to  be  lost  and  changed  to  another 
nation 'and  into  a  new  tongue.  Now  if,  as 
seems  obvious,  the  allusion  is  to  Glend- 
ower's  rebellion,  such  violent  language 
could  not  have  been  very  well  used  at  a  date 
much  later  than  1405.  Another  allusion 
is  apparently  to  the  deaths  of  Richard  II. 
and  Archbishop  Scrope,  and  possibly  of 
Sudbury  ;  Pauper  in  chap.  Ix.  on  the  First 
Commandment  states  that  now  the  English 
have  made  many  martyrs,  that  they  spare 
neither  their  own  king  nor  their  bishops : 
they  slew  St.  Thomas,  their  bishop  and 
father,  and  would  by  common  clamour 
and  common  assent  have  slain  their  king. 
In  chap,  xxvii.  on  the  Fourth  Command- 
ment there  is  a  reference  to  the  rebellion  of 
the  poor  people  against  their  sovereigns, 
presumably  the  revolt  of  1381.  Statements 
in  the  eleventh  chapter  on  that  Command- 
ment, and  in  the  third  chapter  on  the  sixth, 
that  now  men  say  that  no  lewd  folk  should 
meddle  with  God's  law  or  the  Gospel  or 
Holy  Writ,  and  that  men  are  forbidden 
to  have  God's  law  in  their  mother  tongue, 
may  have  reference  to  the  Constitutions 
against  the  Lollards  enacted  at  Oxford  in 
1407  and  re-enacted  in  London  in  1409. 
Other  allusions  to  "  this  land "  being 
brought  "  in  bitter  bales  "  (chap.  iii.  on  the 
Sixth  Commandment,  chap.  iv.  on  the  Fifth 
Commandment)  are  certainly  not  incon- 
sistent with  authorship  under  Henry  IV. 

As  for  such  evidence  as  is  afforded  by 
the  authorities  quoted  in  the  book,  not  one, 
so  far  as  I  have  been  able  to  check  their 
existence,  appears  to  be  such  as  would  not 
be  available  in  the  latter  half  of  the  four- 
teenth century  ;  I  have  traced  no  quotation 
from  any  part  of  the  '  Corpus  Juris  Can- 
onici '  later  than  the  Liber  Sextus,  and 
Durandus  and  Nicholaus  de  Lyra  seem  to  be 
the  two  most  recent  authors  used. 

To  my  mind,  there  is  no  doubt  that 
'  Dives  and  Pauper  '  was  composed  between 
the  years  1405  and  1410  ;  the  book  probably 
took  a  considerable  time  to  write,  but  I 
cannot  imagine  why  the  author  should  let 
stand  the  passage  quoted  above  from  chap, 
xlvii.  on  the  First  Commandment  if  he  were 
still  engaged  upon  his  labours  in  1411,  when 
New  Year's  Day  was  once  more  a  Thursday. 
If  this  conclusion  is  accepted,  the  author- 
ship of  Henry  Parker,  Carmelite  and 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  2i,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


323 


skinner's  son,  is  impossible,  although,  of 
course,  another  Henry  Parker,  unknown 
to  fame,  may  have  claims  in  the  matter  ; 
but  upon  the  identity  of  the  author  I  have 
no  views.  The  allusions,  however,  to  Kent 
(Second  Commandment,  chap,  xv.),  Col- 
chester (Fourth  Commandment,  chap,  iv.) 
and  Oxford  (Fifth  Commandment,  chap.  xi. ) 
may  point  to  residence  in  the  Southern 
counties  :  there  do  not  appear  to  be  any 
allusions  to  other  parts  of  England. 

One  other  matter  in  the  'D.N.B.'  needs 
correction,  and  that  is  the  statement  that 
the  editions  of  Pynson  and  Wynkyn  de 
Worde  are  identical  except  in  orthography. 
This  statement  would  be  approximately 
true  if  made  of  Wynkyn  de  Worde  and 
Berthelet,  but  Pynson' s  text  differs  con- 
siderably from  the  later  Editions.  In  his 
edition  "  precepts "  are  found  where  the 
others  have  "  commandments  "  ;  words 
omitted  by  him  are  supplied  by  the  others, 
and  vice  versa ;  he  uses  "  men "  for 
"  them,"  "  wreche  "  for  "  wretchedness  " 
(First  Commandment,  chap.  lx.),  and  so, 
in  like  manner,  in  many  places  ;  and  he 
will  on  occasion  vary  a  whole  phrase : 
e.g.,  where  Berthelet  and,  with  slight  differ- 
ences in  spelling,  Wynkyn  de  Worde  have 
"  And  moreouer  they  haue  ordeined  a 
comon  lawe,  that  what  man  speketh  with 
the  treuth  ayeinst  theyr  falshode  he  shal 
be  hanged,  drawen  and  beheded,"  Pynson 
begins,  "  And  more  so  welaway  they  haue.  . " 
(First  Commandment,  chap.  xxix.).  I  may 
add  that  the  British  Museum  manuscripts 
all  differ  considerably  from  the  printed 
editions  ;  the  two  Royal  MSS.  give  approxi- 
mately the  same  text,  but  apparently  not 
that  used  by  any  of  the  printers. 

Harley  149  appears  to  be  very  corrupt. 
The  following  renderings  of  a  brief  passage 
in  chap,  xviii.  on  the  Second  Commandment, 
(1)  as  in  that  MS.  and  (2)  as  in  Berthelet — 
the  other  printers  closely  approximate — 
illustrate  in  some  measure  the  divergences 
between  the  texts  : — 

(1)  "And  now  alas  in  owre  dayes  we  fallen  into 
periurie  in  the  heyest  degre,  nout  won  but  mye  all. 
And  qwhat  blod  hathe  ben  sched  sythyn  be  cause 
of  periurie  no  tonge  can  well  telle." 

(2)  "And  nowe  alas  newely  in  our  dayes  we  be 
fallen  in  periury  in  the  hyghest  degre,  not  one  but 
nygh  all.      And  what  bloudde  hathe  be    shedde 
sythen  bycause  of  our  periurie,  no  tongue  can  telle." 

With  the  details  of  Henry  Parker's  life 
as  given  by  the  '  D.N.B.'  this  note  is  not 
concerned,  except  in  so  far  as  his  supposed 
authorship  of  '  Dives  and  Pauper '  is  in- 
consistent with  the  date  of  composition 
suggested  above  ;  but  I  am  constrained  to 


remark  upon  the  statement  that  he  "  was 
brought  up  at  the  Carmelite  House  at 
Doncaster,  whence  Jie  proceeded  to  Cam- 
bridge." As  I  have  found  no  authority  for 
this  assertion  among  all  the  cloud  of  wit- 
nesses cited  by  the  '  Dictionary '  beyond 
a  passage  in  Hunter's  '  South  Yorkshire ' 
(i.  18),  I  conclude  that  that  book  is  the  source 
of  information.  Hunter  drew  partly  upon 
Pits  and  partly,  apparently,  upon  his  own 
imagination  ;  hence  he  affirmed  that  Parker 
"  was  bred  from  infancy  in  this  house " 
(of  Carmelites  at  Doncaster),  an  unlikely 
enough  circumstance  in  the  career  of  a^ 
London  skinner's  son,  despite  contemporary 
allegations  against  the  friars.  But  of  Par- 
ker's London  "origin  neither  Hunter  nor  the 
'D.N.B.'  makes  mention. 

One  point  of  interest  in  '  Dives  and! 
Pauper '  is  an  allusion  to  Robin  Hood  con- 
tained in  chap.  li.  on  the  First  Command- 
ment. This  allusion  appears  hitherto  to  have 
escaped  the  notice  of  those  who  have  written 
of  that  hero  :  in  any  case,  it  is  an  early 
mention  of  him ;  but  if  the  book  was 
written  during  the  period  I  have  suggested,, 
the  allusion  would  seem  to  be  the  second 
known  in  English,  coming  before  that  to  be 
found  in  Andrew  of  Wyntoun's  Chronicle. 

One  reference  in  *  Dives  and  Pauper ' 
raises  a  question  to  which  I  have  found  no 
answer.  Chap.  xlii.  on  the  First  Command- 
ment is  stated  in  the  index  to  be  "  Of  Our 
Lady's  fast  new  founden,  and  of  the  chang- 
ing of  the  day  yearly."  The  practice 
referred  to — newly  introduced,  apparently^ 
at  the  date  of  composition — was  to  fast 
every  Monday  in  the  year  when  Lady  Day 
fell  on  a  Monday,  every  Tuesday  when  it 
fell  on  a  Tuesday,  and  so  on.  The  question 
is,  When  was  "this  practice  introduced  ? 
If  in  1410  or  before  the  suggestions  set 
forth  above  are  further  confirmed  ;  if  after 
that  date,  they  may  be  shaken.  I  am 
open  to  conviction,  and  should  be  glad  to 
receive  instruction  in  the  matter. 

H.  G.  RICHARDSON. 


KING'S    'CLASSICAL    AND     FOREIGN 
QUOTATIONS.' 

(See  10  S.  ii.  231,  351 ;     in.  447  ;     vii.   24  ; 
ix.  107,  284,  333  ;    x.   126,  507  ;    xi.  247  , 
xii.   127;     11  S.  i.  463;     ii.   123,  402.) 
No.  1059,    "  Inde   datae   leges   ne  fortior* 

omnia  posset." — King  gives  no  reference  for 

this  line,  describing  it  simply  as  a  law  maxim. 

It  is  from  Ovid,  '  Fasti,'  iii.  279. 


*  The  better  reading  is  "  firmior." 


324 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  21, 1911. 


No.  1061,  "  Index  animi  sermo." — This 
again  is  put  down  as  a  law  maxim.  It  is 
worth  noting  that  Marcellus  Palingenius  in 
his  '  Zodiacus  Vitae  '  i.  194,  has 

Index  est  animi  sermo,  morumque  fidelis 
Haud  dubie  testis. 

No.  1528,  "  Mens  sequa  in  arduis." — King 
offers  no  account  of  this  beyond  saying  that 
it  is  the  inscription  under  Warren  Hastings's 
portrait  in  the  Council  Chamber  of  Calcutta. 
Surely  the  ultimate  source  is  Horace, 
4  Odes,'  II.  iii.  1-2, 

^Equam  memento  rebus  in  arduis 
Servare  mentem. 

No.  2185,  "  Qufe  prosunt  omnibus  artes," 
is,  we  are  told,  the  motto  of  the  Surgeons' 
Company.     The  origin  of  the  words  is  not 
given.     They    are    Ovid's.     See    'Metamor- 
phoses,' i.  523  (Apollo  is  speaking)  : — 
Ei  mihi,  quod  nullis  amor  est  sanabilis  herb  is, 
Nee  prosunt  domino,  quse  prosunt  omnibus  artes. 

Pope  may  have  had  this  in  mind  when, 
addressing  Samuel  Garth  in  his  Second 
Pastoral,  he  wrote 

Hear  what  from  Love  unpractis'd  hearts  endure, 
From  Love,  the  sole  disease  thou  canst  not  cure. 

No.  2491,  "  Septem  convivium,  iiovem 
convitium,"  is  described  as  a  proverb,  without 
further  reference.  But  see  chap.  5  of  Julius 
Capitolinus's  Life  of  the  Emperor  Verus 
in  the  '  Historia  Augusta  '  :  "  Septem  con- 
vivium, novem  vero  convicium  ll  \  and  com- 
pare 11  S.  i.  433. 

No.  3019. 
Absente   auxilio   perquirimus   undique   frustra, 

Sed  nobis  ingens  indicis  auxilium  est. 

This  is  the  first  in  King's  list  of  '  Adespota.'" 
Had  he  given  the  immediate  source  from 
which  the  quotation  was  taken,  the  task  of 
tracing  its  author  might  possibly  have  been 
lightened.  Can  the  couplet  have  been 
written  for  the  express  purpose  of  being 
placed  at  the  head  of  an  index  V  I  have  noted 
a  curious  parallel.  The  English  -  Welsh 
Dictionary  by  the  Rev.  John  Walters 
(1721-97:  see  'D.N.B.'),  Rector  of  Lan- 
dough,  Glamorganshire  (London,  1794), 
bears  on  its  title-page  the  motto 
Lexicon  hoc  tandem  vulgatum  (en  accipe)  curat 
Ne  tendas  dubio  tramite,  Lector,  iter. 

"Frustra.  .  .  .perquirere  ''  is  in  Lucretius, 
vi.  381-2. 

No.  3022  (among  the  'Adespota'). 
"  Audax  ad  omnia  foemina,  quse  vel  amat 
vel  odit.?J — Burton  quotes  this  in  his 
'Anatomy  of  Melancholy,'  not  very  far  from 
the  end  of  III.  ii.  ii.  iv.  The  words  are  taken 
from  the  so-called  Epistle  of  Valerius  to 
Rufinus,  'Ne  ducat  uxorem,'  which  is 


printed  among  the  spurious  works  of  St. 
Jerome  in  Vallarsi's  ed.,  Verona,  1742, 
vol.  xi.  col.  245  (second  numbering),  and 
in  Migne's  'Patr.  Lat.,'  vol.  xxx.  col.  259. 
See  Lange's  'Polyanthea,'  s.v.  'Mulier,'  and 
W.  Teuffel's  'Hist,  of  Rom.  Lit,,5  trans, 
by  G.  C.  W.  Warr,  vol.  ii.  §  477,  7.  But 
the  epistle  is  included  as  Walter  Map's  in 
his  'De  Nugis  Curialium,'  Distinctio  IV. 
cap.  iii.,  p.  149  in  Thomas  Wright's  edition, 
Camden  Society,  1850.  I  quote  the 
passage  as  given  in  Vallarsi : — 

"  Livia  yirum  suum  interfecit,  quern  nimis 
odiit.  Lucillia  suum,  quern  nimis  amavit.  Ilia 
sponte  miscuit  aconitum  :  hsec  decepta  f  urorem 
propinavit  pro  amoris  poculo ....  Exemplo  harum 
experimentum  cape :  quod  audax  est  ad 
omnia  qua3  amat  vel  odit  femina  ["  qucecumque 
amat,"  &c.,  in  Wright's  text  of  '  De  Nugis  Curia- 
lium ']." 

Livia  is  the  wife  of  Tiberius's  son  Drusus, 
unless  the  reference  is  to  the  legend  about 
Augustus's  consort.  The  story  of  Lucilia 
has  been  familiarized  by  Tennyson's  'Lucre- 
tius.' 

No.  3036,  "  Defuncti  ne  injuria  affician- 
tur."  -  Under  this  "  adespoton "  King 
refers  to  No.  462,  "  De  mortuis  nil  nisi 
bonum,'1  where  he  quotes  from  Diogenes 
Laertius,  i.  69,  the  maxim  ascribed  to  Chilo  : 
TOV  TeOvijKOTa  p.}]  /caKoAoyetv.  "Defuncti," 
&c.,  appears  to  be  simply  a  translation  of 
the  Greek.  Philip  Camerarius  is  evidently 
referring  to  the  same  maxim  when  he  writes 
('Op.  Subcis.,'  Cent.  I.  cap.  iii.)  "  Extat 
enim  praaceptum  Sapientum  :  Defuncti 
iniuria  ne  afficiuntor."  In  Gesner's  trans- 
lation of  Stobseus's  '  Florilegium  '•  TOV  rere- 
Xevr^Kora  /XT)  /caKoAoyet  (cxxii.)  is  rendered 
"  Defunctum  non  maledictis  afficias.'* 

No.  3039, 

De  male  queesitis  vix  gaudet  tertius  haeres, 
Nee  habet  eventus  sordida  praeda  bonos. 

King  calls  this  "a  mediaeval  epigram, 
probably  prompted  by  the  seizure  of  church 
property,"  but  gives  no  reference  for  its 
occurrence.  It  was  pointed  out  by  Novus 
in  *N.  &  Q.'  as  far  back  as  1  S.  x.  216,  that 
the  lines  are  quoted  in  Walsingham's 
'Historia  Anglicana.'  See  H.  T.  Riley's 
edition  in  the  Rolls  Series,  vol.  i.  p.  481. 
Riley's  note,  while  not  overlooking  the 
metrical  error,  calls  the  lines  "  rather 
Ovidian.'1  He  does  not  seem  to  have  been 
aware  that 

Non  habet  eventus  sordida  prseda  bonos 

is  Ovidian.  It  comes  from  '  Am  ores,'  i.  10, 
48.  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

Bad  Wildungen. 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  21,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


325 


'HOWDEN    FAIR.' 

THE  manuscript  of  which  I  give  a  transcript 
below  is  a  song  which,  I  believe,  has  not 
hitherto  been  printed.  I  have  for  many 
years  made  inquiries  about  it,  but  have  never 
heard  of  it  except  from  those  Lincolnshire 
folk  who  were  in  the  habit  of  going  to  the 
fair,  and  not  one  of  them  has  ever  seen  it 
in  print.  The  copy  before  me  is,  I  think, 
about  eighty  years  old.  Two  persons  have 
taken  part  in  the  writing. 

HOWDEN  PAIR — Tune  Nancy  Dawson. 

It's  I  have  been  to  Howden  Pair, 

And  O  what  sights  did  I  see  there  ; 

To  hear  my  Tale  will  make  you  stare 

And  see  the  horses  showing. 

They  come  from  East,  they  come  from  West, 

And  some  they  lead,  and  drive  the  rest 

Unto  the  fair  at  Howden. 

Tal  lal  lal,  Talrared,  unto  the  fair  at  Howden. 

All  ages,  too,  as  I'm  alive, 
Prom  one  to  two  to  thirty-five, 
And  some  they  scarce  could  lead  or  drive, 
Or  in  the  Streets  could  show  them. 
There  was  blind  and  lame  &  wingalled,  too, 
Crib-biters  there  were  not  a  few, 
And  Roarers  more  than  one  or  two 
All  at  the  fair  at  Howden. 

Tal  lal  lal  lal  la  ra  le  over  again,  all  at  the  fair  at 
Howden. 

There  were  blacks  and  bays,  and  duns  and  greys, 
And  sorreled  horses,  aye  and  mares, 
And  Pyeballed,  too,  I  do  declair, 
And  more  than  I  do  know  on  ; 
Broken  winded  too  I  saw, 
And  some  for  panting  scarce  could  go, 
And  there  were  clickers  too  I  know, 
All  at  the  fair  at  Howden. 
Chorus. 

Now  some  upon  the  stones  were  shown, 
And  others  found  upon  soft  ground 
While  up  the  Hill  their  heads  were  thrown, 
And  that's  the  way  to  show  them. 
They  can  gain  or  lose  an  inch  or  two 
By  managing  the  Hoof  or  shoe  ; 
Oh  they  this,  and  more  can  do, 
All  at  the  fair  at  Howden. 

Then  the  Dealers  through  the  streets  did  splash, 

And  swing  round  them  a  long  whip  lash, 

And  say,  my  lads,  come  stand  a  slash 

And  let's  have  room  to  show  them. 

They'l  crack  their  whips  and  curse  &  swear, 

And  cry,  my  lads,  be  of  good  chear, 

Now  this,  my  boys,  is  Howden  fair. 

How  do  you  like  the  fair  at  Howden  ? 

EDWARD  PEACOCK,  F.S.A. 
Kirton-in-Lindsey. 


WORDSWORTH  :  "  QUAM  NIHIL  AD  GENIUM, 
PAPINIANE,  TUUM  !  " — As  resident  in  Cam- 
bridge, and  for  many  years  librarian  of 
Wordsworth's  own  college,  St.  John's, 
I  have  more  than  once  been  asked  where  the 


following  "  quotation,"  on  the  title-page  of 
the  second  volume  of  the  fourth  edition  of 
his  '  Lyrical  Ballads  '  (1805),  comes  from  : — 

Quam  nihil  ad  genium,  Papiniane,  tuum  1 
On  the  assumption  that  it  was  a  quotation, 
I  asked  others.  But  as  none  of  our  best- 
read  scholars,  including  the  late  Prof. 
J.  E.  B.  Mayor,  was  able  to  solve  the  diffi- 
culty, I  ultimately  came  to  the  conclusion 
that  it  is  not  a  quotation,  but  a  line  composed 
by  Wordsworth  himself  or  suggested  to  him 
by  Coleridge.  What  appeared,  however,, 
especially  to  point  to  this  conclusion  was  the 
fact  recorded  by  the  poet's  nephew  and  bio- 
grapher (the  former  Bishop  of  Lincoln), 
that  Wordsworth  had  at  one  time  aspired 
to  entering  the  legal  profession  ('  Life  of 
Wordsworth,'  ii.  466).  For,  if  such  were  the 
case,  it  is  easy  to  understand  that,  in  the 
course  of  his  reading,  or  possibly  when 
attending  lectures  at  Cambridge,  he  could 
hardly  have  failed  to  become  familiar  with 
the  name  of  Papinianns  as  that  of  the  greatest 
of  the  earlier  Roman  jurists,  the  vast- 
ness  of  whose  labours,  when  compared  with 
Wordsworth's  first  poetical  compositions- 
(if,  indeed,  such  a  comparison  were  possible), 
might  well  suggest  to  the  poet  the  plaintive 
admission  contained  in  the  above  line. 

J.    BASS    MULLINGER. 
Cambridge. 

[The  line  occurs  in  Selden's  introductory  address. 
"  From  the  Author  of  the  Illustrations  "  to- 
Drayton's  '  Polyolbion.'  See  Mr.  T.  Hutchin- 
son's  note  on  '  Untraced  Mottoes  in  Wordsworth  ' 
in  The  Athenceum  for  24  December,  1898  ;  and 
the  article  by  COL.  W.  F.  PBIDEAUX  at  10  S.  v. 
116.] 

THACKERAY  AND  A  CHILD. — MR.  FRANCIS'S 
recent  articles  on  Thackeray  have  recalled 
to  my  memory  an  incident  of  childhood. 

I  had,  in  Yorkshire,  a  very  dear  girl 
friend.  She  possessed  an  uncle  of  literary 
attainments,  and  she  used  to  tell  me  of  a. 
great  gentleman  who  came  one  day  to  his- 
house  when  she  was  very  little.  After  the 
fashion  of  those  times,  she  was  asked  to- 
repeat  something  to  the  guest.  He  took 
her  on  his  knee,  and  she  recited  a  child's- 
tiymn.  When  she  had  finished,  he  said 
in  a  husky  voice,  "  Thank  you,  my  dear,'r 
and  kissed  her,  as  he  set  her  down.  There 
were  tears  in  his  eyes.  The  gentleman's- 
name  was  William  Makepeace  Thackeray. 

I  give  the  story  as  I  always  heard  it ;. 
and,  growing  older,  I  used  to  try  in  vain, 
to  reconcile  it  with  the  name  "  cynic '" 
as  applied  to  Thackeray. 

LILY  WATSON. 


326 


NOTES  AND  Q  QERIES.        [11  s.  iv.  OCT.  21, 1911. 


PEPYS  ROBBED.  —  E.  Hallam  Moor- 
house,  in  her  recently  published  *  Samuel 
Pepys,  Administrator,  Observer,  Gossip," 
narrates  (p.  308)  the  quaint  story  of  her 
hero  having  been  robbed  on  the  highway  at 
Chelsea  on  Michaelmas  Day,  1693,  the 
robbers  demanding  of  the  party  "  what  they 
had,  which  Mr.  Pepys  readily  gave  them," 
.as  he  himself  stated  in  evidence  at  the 
Old  Bailey.  But  a  later  robbery  from  the 
diarist,  and  that  not  very  long  before  his 
death,  is  to  be  found  recorded  in  The  Post 
Boy  for  7-9  May,  1700,  when  there  appeared 
the  following  advertisement : — • 

"Lost  about  a  Fortnight  ago  out  of  Mr.  Pepy's 
house,  in  Porter's  Street  by  Leicester  Square, 
.a  hair  Portmantle  Trunk  with  an  Hat-case, 
wherein  were  the  following  things,  viz.  A  Broad 
Cloath  Coat  trim'd  with  black,  a  black  silk 
Wastcoat,  a  pair  of  Knit  Breeches,  Deer-colour 
.and  white,  3  new  silver  Spoons,  one  of  which  had 
.a  Scoop,  niark'd  F.H.E.,  a  silver  Salver,  the  same 
mark,  and  underneath  D.C.A.,  large  Manuscript 
Book  of  Receipts,  3  Lignum  Vitum  Casters, 
•6  Lace  and  plain  Shirts,  4  white  Hankerchiefs, 
two  Silk  red  and  blew,  2  plain  and  4  Laced- 
Neck-clothes  ;  also  a  little  Gold  Purse  with  a 
hair  Ring,  under  the  Cristal  with  a  Cypher  F.H. 
And  a  Leather  shooting  Pouch  with  33Z.  in  Gold 
.and  Silver,  with  several  other  things  :  Whoever 
gives  Notice  of  them  to  Mr.  Pepy's  aforesaid, 
or  Mr.  Campbell,  Goldsmith,  at  the  Three  Crowns 
in  the  Strand,  shall  have  5  Guinea's  Reward,  or 
proportionately  for  any  of  the  said  Goods  that 
.are  recover' d." 

There  is  the  true  Pepysian  touch  about 
the  description  of  the  various  daintily 
coloured  articles  of  apparel  which  makes 
this  record  of  especial  value. 

ALFRED  F.  ROBBINS. 

HERTFORDSHIRE  INSCRIPTIONS.  —  From 
time  to  time  I  have  noted  in  these  pages 
the  progress  made  in  transcribing  the  inscrip- 
tions in  the  churches  and  churchyards, 
chapels  and  burial-grounds  in  the  county 
of  Hertford.  The  recording  of  all  the 
memorials  it  has  been  found  possible  to 
decipher  in  the  above-named  places  of 
sepulture  has  now  been  completed  for  the 
.following  parishes  : — - 

HUNDRED  OF  HERTFORD. 
Great  Amwell,  Bayford,  Bengeo,  Little 
Berkhamsted,  Bramfield,  Broxbourne,  Ches- 
hunt,  Essendon,  Hertford,  Hertingford- 
bury,  Hoddesdon,  Stapleford,  Tewin,  and 
Wormley. 

HUNDRED  OF  DACORUM. 
Aldbury,  Aldenham,  Great  Berkhamsted, 
Bovingdon,    Bushey,    Caddington,    Chipper- 
field,  Flamstead,  Flaunden,  Great  Gaddes- 


den,  Little  Gaddesden,  Harpenden,  Hemel 
Hempstead,  Kensworth,  King's  Langley, 
Markyate,  North  Mimms,  Northchurch, 
Puttenham,  Shenley,  Studham,Tring,Wheat- 
hampstead,  and  Wigginton. 

The  inscriptions  in  the  Hundred  of  Hert- 
ford have  been  carefully  transcribed,  an 
index  of  names  prepared,  and  bound  in 
volumes,  which  may  be  freely  consulted, 
by  arrangement,  in  my  library  at  Ivy  Lodge, 
Bishop's  Stortford,  or  inquiries  will  be  duly 
answered  if  a  stamped  and  addressed 
envelope  is  enclosed. 

The  inscriptions  in  the  Hundred  of  Daco- 
rum  await  transcription  from  the  rough 
slips,  indexing,  and  binding  before  they 
will  be  available  for  reference. 

Considerable  progress  has  been  made  with 
the  recording  of  inscriptions  in  the  last 
Hundred,  that  of  Cashio,  and  it  is  hoped  that 
it  may  be  possible  to  complete  the  work  in 
the  summer  of  1912. 

W.  B.  GERISH. 


"W"  PRONOUNCED  LIKE  "  V."  —  In  the 
September  Pall  Mall  Magazine,  Miss  Flora 
Masson,  writing  of  '  The  London  of  Other 
Days,'  suggests  a  somewhat  plausible  origin 
for  a  habit  of  speech  once  prevalent  among 
lower-class  Cockneys.  The  ballad  from 
which  she  quotes  I  have  not,  myself,  hitherto 
met  with  ;  but  no  doubt  it  was  popular  in 
its  day  :  — 

"  Our    grandmother"  used    to    quote,    for    our 
benefit  ....  an  old  song  which  she  could  remember 
hearing  a  maiden  aunt  warble  :  — 
Ven  Villiam,  at  eve,  met  me  down  by  the  stile, 
How  sveet  vas  the  nightingale's  lay. 
.  .  .  .and  she  used  to  explain  to  us  how  it  was 
then  still  '  the  mode  '  to  pronounce  all  the  w's 
as  if  they  were  v's,  in  imitation  of  the  broken 
English  of  the  German-born  Georges." 

HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 
39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennington  Lane. 

THE  EARL  OF  TARRAS.  —  Annotators  of 
the  historic  peerage  may  like  to  know  that 
Margaret  Scott,  the  youngest  daughter  of 
the  curiously  named  and  conditioned  Earl 
of  Tarras,  Lord  Alemoor  and  Campcastell, 
married  Thomas  Gordon,  an  officer  of  the 
Scots  Fusiliers.  The  '  Scots  Peerage,' 
vii.  82,  gives  her  birth  only.  But  in  her  will, 
onfirmed  21  June,  1749  ('Edinburgh  Com- 
missariot  Testaments,'  vol.  112),  she  is 
described  in  1741  as  "  daur.  of  the  deed. 
Walter,  Earl  of  Tarras,  and  relict  of  Lieu- 
tenant Thomas  Gordon  of  the  Royall  Scots 
Fuzeleers."  She  died  at  Edinburgh  7  May, 


ii  &  iv.  OCT.  21,  MIL]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


327 


1749,  leaving  264Z.  11s.  6d.  Her  husband 
belonged  to  the  Gordons  of  Buthlaw,  Aber- 
deenshire,  progenitor  of  the  more  famous 
Thomas  Gordon,  who  fought  for  the  inde- 
pendence of  Greece.  J.  M.  BULLOCH. 
118,  Pall  Mall. 

MYTTON  AND  HAKDWICKE  MSS. — I  am 
informed  by  a  friend  that  in  'N.  &  Q.'  for 
27  December,  1902  (9  S.  x.  509),  inquiry 
was  made  as  to  these  MSS.  I  have  in  my 
possession  Wm.  Hardwicke's  MS.  pedigrees 
of  about  1,400  Shropshire  families ;  also 
Mytton's  MSS.  for  a  history  of  Bridgnorth. 
R.  F.  HASLEWOOD. 

The  Croft,  Bridgnorth,  Shropshire. 

GROSVENOR  SQUARE  :  ITS  ORIGIN. — The 
following  account  of  the  origin  of  Grosvenor 
Square  appeared  as  an  advertisement  in 
The  Daily  Post  of  12  July,  1725  :— 

"  The  several  New  Streets  design' d  in  Grosvenor 
Buildings  in  the  Parish  of  St.  George,  Hanover 
Square,  and  lying  between  New  Bond-street  and 
Hyde  Park,  where  [sic]  last  Week  particularly 
nam'd ;  upon  which  Occasion  Sir  Richard 
Grosvenor,  Bart.,  gave  a  very  splendid  Entertain- 
ment to  his  Tenants  and  others  concern' d  in  those 
Buildings ;  where  he,  having  sometime  since 
obtain'd  a  Grant  for  a  Gate  into  Hyde  Park,  is 
now  erecting  the  same,  as  also  a  Lodge,  for  a 
Keeper  constantly  to  attend  thereat,  at  his  own 
proper  Cost  and  Charges  ;  and  which  will  very 
speedily  be  open'd,  for  the  Conveniency  of  the 
Nobility  and  Gentry  inhabiting  those  Parts. 
In  the  Center  of  those  new  Buildings  there  is  now 
making  a  new  Square,  call'd  Grosvenor  Square, 
which  for  its  Largeness  and  Beauty,  will  far  exceed 
Any  yet  made  in  or  about  London." 

ALFRED  F.  BOBBINS. 

FILEY  BAY  :  MANORIAL  CUSTOM. — The 
following,  taken  from  The  Eastern  Morning 
News  of  23  September,  deserves  to  come  into 
the  net  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  : — 

"  A  RELIC  OP  FEUDALISM. — Yesterday  the  lord 
of  the  manor  of  Hunmanby  and  Filey  exercised 
his  manorial  right  of  having  a  net  drawn  round  the 
full  sweep  of  Filey  Bay  from  the  White  Rocks 
to  Filey  Brigg,  a  distance  of  five  miles.  The  net 
was  drawn  by  two  horses,  and  extended  a  bow- 
shot from  the  shore.  It  is  some  years  since  the 
right  was  enforced." 

AYLMER'S  '  HISTORY  OF  IRELAND,'  1650. — 
Among  the  Irish  books  enumerated  in  'Biblio- 
theca  ex  omni  Facultate  Librorum '  (C. 
Majoris),  8vo,  Mechlin,  1767,  is  a  copy  of 
Aylmer's  'History  of  Ireland,'  printed  at 
Louvain  in  1650,  an  edition  which  is  appa- 
rently undescribed  by  bibliographers. 

DANIEL  HIPWELL. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


"THON":  "  THONDER." — Thon  is  used 
for  yon,  as  the  third  or  most  remote  of  the 
three  demonstratives,  this,  that,  and  thon, 
in  Scotland,  and  to  some  extent  in  the 
Northern  counties  of  England.  Thonder  = 
yonder,  extends  further  into  England,  and, 
with  its  variants  thander,  thender,  thinder, 
appears  as  far  south  as  Hereford,  Northants, 
and  East  Anglia.  We  have  no  examples  of 
these  before  1804,  when  thon  is  quoted  by 
Jamieson  from  a  minor  Scottish  poet,  W. 
Tarras,  whose  history  and  locality  are 
unknown  to  me.  I  do  not  remember 
thon  in  Allan  Ramsay  or  Burns  ;  the  latter 
was  "  wae  to  think  upo'  yon  den,"  not 
"thon  den."  But  thon  may  occur  also, 
and  we  should  be  glad  of  any  instances 
before  1800.  J.  A.  H.  MURRAY. 

"  THORPSMAN." — In  Walter  White's 
'  Eastern  England  '  (1865),  vol.  ii.  p.  18,  the 
writer,  referring  to  -thorp  in  local  names, 
says :  "In  some  of  the  old  manuscripts 
villagers  are  called  thorpsmen."  In  Robin- 
son's '  Glossary  of  Whitby  '  (1876)  "  Thorps- 
men,  villagers,"  is  given  from  "  Old  local 
print,"  whence  it  is  included  in  '  Eng.  Dial. 
Diet.'  Both  references  are  too  vague  to 
be  verified.  To  us  thorps-men  is  known 
only  as  one  of  the  numberless  made-up  words 
in  the  Preface  to  N.  Fairfax's  '  Bulk  and 
Selvedge  of  the  World,'  1674,  and  we  should 
be  glad  to  learn  of  its  occurrence  anywhere 
else  in  book  or  MS.  Thorp  as  a  separate 
word  for  "village"  is  itself  rare,  and  proof 
of  actual  use  of  the  thorpsman  is  desirable. 
J.  A.  H.  MURRAY. 
Oxford. 

CROSBY  HALL  ROOF. — There  is  an  article 
in  The  Art  Journal  for  March,  1851,  p.  84, 
describing  the  collection  of  casts  and  original 
objects  illustrating  mediaeval  art  brought 
together  by  Lewis  N.  Cottingham,  a  well- 
known  architect  of  the  last  century.  The 
following  passage  occurs  in  the  course  of  the 
article  : — 

'The  most  important  work  in  wood-carving 
possessed  by  Mr.  Cottingham  is  the  highly  en- 
riched pannelled  ceiling  of  oak  which  was  taken 
irom  the  Council  Chamber  of  Crosby  Hall.  It  is 
in  the  best  state  of  preservation,  and  has  its 
corbels,  spandrils,  pendants,  &c.,  painted  and 
gilt,  being  remarkable  as  one  of  the  finest 


328 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  21,  mi. 


examples  of  domestic  architecture  of  the  fifteenth 
century  now  remaining  :  it  is  peculiarly  interest- 
ing as  conveying  a  striking  impression  of  the 
splendid  style  in  which  the  merchant  princes  of 
that  day  were  lodged." 

It  is  now  too  late  to  inquire  how  Mr.  Cotting- 
ham  became  possessed  of  this  valuable  relic  ; 
but,  in  view  of  the  re-erection  of  Crosby  Hall 
at  Chelsea,  it  is  a  matter  of  present-day 
interest  to  ask  whether  the  roof  is  still  in 
existence,  and  who  is  now  the  owner. 

The  collection  was  advertised  for  sale  by 
Messrs.  Christie  &  Manson  in  The  Art 
Journal  Advertiser,  June,  1850 ;  and  this 
was  followed  by  a  descriptive  paragraph 
in  the  July  number  of  The  Art  Journal, 
p.  233.  An  illustrated  catalogue  of  the 
collection  was  prepared  by  Henry  Shaw, 
F.S.A.,  several  of  his  woodcuts  being  used 
in  the  article  in  The  Art  Journal  for  March, 
1851,  above  referred  to.  Was  the  collection 
eventually  dispersed,  or  sold  en  bloc  ?  It 
may  be  added  as  a  matter  of  interest  that 
Mr.  Cottingham's  collection  was  housed  at 
his  residence  in  the  Waterloo  Bridge  Road. 

R.  B.  P. 

OMAR  KHAYYAM  BIBLIOGRAPHY. — I  am 
collecting  materials  for  a  bibliography  of 
the  '  Rubaiyat '  of  Omar  Khayyam,  and 
should  be  glad  to  know  of  any  English 
translations  or  versions,  other  than  Fitz- 
Gerald's,  not  included  in  the  following  list : — 

Caddell,  Cooper,  Corvo,  Costello,  Curtis, 
Cutter,  Dooman,  Emerson,  Garner,  Heron- 
Allen,  Johnson,  Keene,  Kerney,  Le  Gallienne, 
McCarthy,  Norton,  Ouseley,  Payne,  Powell, 
Pratt,  Roe,  Rogers,  Simpson,  Stigard, 
Stokes,  Talbot,  Thompson,  Whalley,  Whin- 
field,  Whitney,  and  Whittaker  and  Lowenberg. 

Please  reply  direct.  A.  G.  POTTER. 

126,  Adelaide  Road,  Hampstead.  N.W. 

[See  also  10  S.  ii.  322,  398  ;  iv.  105,  249  : 
x.  307,  391  ;  xi.  54.] 

BARNARD  FAMILY. — What  was  the  maiden 
name  of  the  wife  of  John  Barnard  of  Berkeley 
Square,  London,  who  died  circa  1784  ? 
John  Barnard  was  the  son  of  the  celebrated 
Sir  John  Barnard  (ob.  1764),  who  was  Lord 
Mayor  in  1737.  HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 

Fox  Oak,  Walton-on-Thames. 

JOHN  DOWNMAN,  A.R. A. :  MISSES  CLARKE  : 
BARNARD.— 1.  What  were  the  Christian 
names  of  the  two  Miss  Clarkes  whose  por- 
traits were  painted  by  John  Downman,  and 
whom  did  they  marry  ?  They  were  the 
daughters  of  Graham  Clarke  of  Fenham 
House,  Newcastle-upon-Tyne. 


2.  Who  was  the  Mr.  Barnard  whose 
portrait  was  painted  by  Downman  in  1777  ? 
He  is  described  in  Dr.  Williamson's  book  a& 

of College,  Cambridge,  a  friend  of  Lord 

Althorp's.  H.  C.  BARNARD. 

Bury  Orchard,  Wells,  Somerset. 

CURIOUS  WILL,  1564. — Mr.  J.  Rogers  in 
4  Sherwood  Forest,'  1908,  p.  352,  gives  aa 
extract  from  the  will  of  Sir  John  Markham. 
of  Cottom,  Notts,  who  died  in  1564,  which 
commences  thus  : — 

"In  the  name  of  God  Amen.... I,  Sir  John 
Markham  of  Cottom,  in  the  county  of  Notts, 
Knighte,  hole  yn  bodie,  my  wittes  and  memory 

symple  but  not  decayed Firste,    I   give   and 

bequethe  my  soule  to  Almighty  God Further, 

I  give  my  bodie  to  the  earthe,  and  my  Sinnes  to 
the  Divell  and  the  Worlde." 

Are  these  unusual  expressions,  "  wittes  and 
memory  symple  "  and  "  Sinnes  to  the  Divell 
and  the  Worlde "  ?  They  are  certainly 
very  quaint,  and  seem  to  deserve  record  in 
'  N.  &  Q.'  Can  parallels  be  produced  ? 
J.  B.  McGovERN. 

St.  Stephen's  Rectory,  C.-on-M.,  Manchester. 

WELSH  CANONIZED  SAINTS. — It  is  stated 
that  St.  David  was  canonized  by  Pope 
Callistus  IT.  about  1120.  At  what  date  was 
St.  Teilo  canonized  ?  What  other  Welsh 
saints  have  been  canonized  ? 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

SAINTE-BEUVE. — The  catalogue  of  the 
last  exhibition  held  at  the  Grafton  Galleries 
by  the  International  Society  of  Sculptors, 
Painters,  and  Gravers  contained  the  follow- 
ing (copied  verbatim)  : — 

"  A  cherished  dream  of  Saint-Beaure  was  the 
erection  of  a  temple  to  the  neglected  and  mis- 
understood. '  Aux  artistes  qui  n'ont  pas  brille, 
aux  amants  qui  n'ont  pas  aime",  &  celle  elite 
infinie  que  ne  visiterent  jamais  1'occasion  le 
bonheur  ou  la  gloire,'  "  &c. 

Will  any  reader  kindly  confirm  the  correct- 
ness of  the  quotation  and  give  its  source  ? 

M.  F.  H. 

JESSIE     BROWN    AND     THE     RELIEF     OP 
LUCKNOW. — Frederick  Goodall,  R.A.,  made 
the    above    the    subject    of    a    fine    picture 
(reproduced    in    the    Christmas    number    of 
The  London  Magazine  of  1910).     Vandenhoff 
wrote  of  Jessie  Brown  : — 
By  night  and  day,  with  rare  unwearied  zeal, 
She   cheer' d   the*  soldiers,   brought   their   scanty 

meal, 

Bore  orders  to  the  walls,  the  wounded  nurs  d, 
With  words  of  comfort  slaked  their  dying  thirst. 

We  are  told  further  that  "worn  out  by 
ministrations,  she  fell  asleep,  and  dreamed 
she  heard  the  Highland  slogan.  But  it 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  21,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


329 


was  no  dream,  and  Lucknow  was  relieved 
by  the  gallant  Campbells." 

Is  anything  known  of  the  parents  and 
ancestors  of  Jessie  Brown,  of  the  village 
(or  town)  and  county  she  came  from,  and 
of  her  after  career  ?  Was  she  connected 
with  the  Campbells  ?  Where  is  Goodall's 
painting  now  ?  RONALD  DIXON. 

46,  Marlborough  Avenue,  Hull. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — 
I  am  anxious  to  know  where  the  following 
lines  come  from  ;  they  are,  I  think,  the 
work  of  a  Scottish  author  : — 

Unreasonable,  reasonable  creature, 

Who  makes  his  reason  subject  to  his  will. 

ASTABTE. 

Whence  comes  the  following  ? — 

Summer  isles  of  Eden,  set  in  dark  purple  spheres 
of  sea. 

I  find  the  quotation  at  p.  76,  vol.  i.  of  Sir 
Harry  Johnston's   '  Uganda  Protectorate.' 
COLIN  CAMPBELL. 

[Tennyson,  'Locksley  Hall,'  164,  which  has 
"  lying  '' for  "set."] 

Where  can  I  find  the  following  verse  ? — 

When  I  lie  in  the  cold  brown  earth, 
With  the  mould  upon  my  breast, 

Say  not  that  I  did  well  or  ill, 
But  only  "  He  did  his  best." 

G.   DU  C. 

The  following  verse  or  couplet  is  the  motto 
of  a  chapter  of  a  novel  whose  author  I 
cannot  recall : — 

It  chanced,  Eternal : 
God  that  chance  did  guide. 

I  think  it  is  from  Edmund  Spenser,  but  I 
cannot  find  it.  E.  JOHN  TUDOR. 

HALDEMAN  SURNAME. — Can  any  one  throw 
light  on  the  origin  of  this  surname  ?  A 
young  Swiss,  who  spells  it  Haldemann, 
informs  me  that  there  is  some  evidence  that 
his  family,  then  named  Haleman,  came 
from  Scotland  in  the  sixteenth  century. 
If  so,  the  name  has  now  disappeared  there. 
I  find  one  instance  only,  and  that  in  the 
*  London  Directory.'  In  Lausanne  there 
is  a  Rue  Haldemand.  Can  it  be  Aleman= 
German  ?  H.  W.  DICKINSON. 

RHOSCROWTHER  :  LLANDEGEMAN  :  RHOS- 
Y-CRYTHER. — Rhoscrowther  seems,  in  the 
seventh  century,  when  this  part  of  Pem- 
brokeshire was  British,  to  have  been  called 
Llandegeman  (or  Llandegymman),  after 
the  patron  saint,  St.  Decuman. 

Subsequently  it  seems  to  have  been 
known  as  Rhos-y-cryther,  i.e.,  the  "  Fiddler's 


Moor  "  (or  possibly  Rhos-y-cryther  is  more 
ancient  than  Llandegymman).  ' '  Crowther,' ' 
the  English  for  the  Welsh  "  crythwr,"  gave 
the  more  modern  name  of  Rhoscrowther. 

How  can  I  find  out  the  approximate 
dates  and  reasons  of  the  three  changes  ? 

R.  H.  S. 

"  PETER  PINDAR,"  DR.  JOHN  WOLCOT  : 
MSS. — 1.  Can  any  one  give  me  information 
(stating  authorities),  about  "Peter  Pindar," 
Dr.  John  Wolcot,  in  addition  to  that  given 
in  the  article  '  Wolcot '  in  the  '  Dictionary 
of  National  Biography '  and  in  former 
numbers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  ?  Details  of  his  early 
life  are  particularly  required.  I  am  ac- 
quainted with  Crabb  Robinson's  notice  of 
him. 

2.  Messrs.  Puttick  &  Simpson  sold  on 
17  May,  1877,  a  considerable  quantity  of 
MSS.  relating  to  Dr.  John  Wolcot.  Will 
readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  who  possess  any  MSS. 
relating  to  Dr.  Wolcot,  or  are  aware  of  the 
existence  of  any,  kindly  communicate  with 
me  ?  H.  ROWLANDS  S.  COLDICOTT. 

69,  Cowley  Road,  Oxford. 

OYSTER  CLUB.— At  2  S.  vii.  390  P.  H.  F., 
in  an  answer  to  a  query  about  Dr.  Wolcot, 
mentions  "  an  Oyster  Club,  of  which  Dr. 
Wolcot  was  one  of  the  heads."  Can  any 
one  give  me  information  about  this  club  ? 
H.  ROWLANDS  S.  COLDICOTT. 

LYONS,  SURGEON,  1725.— In  his  auto- 
biography Benjamin  Franklin  says  that  he 
became  acquainted  with  '*  one  Lyons  a 
surgeon,  author  of  a  book  entitled  *  The  In- 
fallibility of  Human  Judgment.'  "  I  should 
like  to  learn  whether  the  surgeon  was  a 
member  of  the  Jewish  persuasion. 

M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

Percy  House,  South  Hackney. 

BARON  DE  WALLER  :  SIR  ROBERT  WALLER 
AT  AGINCOURT. — In  a  little  French  book 
entitled  *  Devoir  et  Sagesse,  ou  le  livre  d'or 
des  jeunes  personnes,'  par  Madame  Amelie 
Schoppe,  published  in  1838,  and  apparently 
translated  from  the  German,  mention  is 
made  of  a  Baron  de  Waller,  called  also  on 
another  page  Monsieur  de  Waller.  Is  this 
merely  a  name  of  the  authoress's  imagina- 
tion, or  had  the  name  really  a  Continental 
origin,  and  is  it  a  territorial  name,  as  the 
'  de  "  would  suggest  ? 

Who  was  the  Robert  Waller  (Knight) 
who  saved  the  life  of  the  Duke  of  Orleans  (?) 
at  the  battle  of  Agincourt  ? 

NORFOLK  WALLER. 


330 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        rn  s.  iv.  OCT.  21, 1911. 


PITT  FAMILY  OF  COSEY  HALL,  GLOTJCESTER- 
SHIBE. — Where  can  I  find  a  pedigree  of  the 
above  family  ?  I  am  particularly  anxious 
to  learn  the  parentage  of  John  Pitt  of 
Gloucester,  whose  daughter  Sarah  married 
Isaac  Nind  of  Overbury,  Worcestershire, 
about  1760.  I  understand  the  above  John 
Pitt  was  a  member  of  the  Pitt  family  of 
Cosey  Hall.  Is  he  the  Col.  John  Pitt  of 
Cosey  Hall  who  married  Lady  Diana 
Howard,  daughter  of  Henry,  5th  Earl  of 
Suffolk  ?  Any  information  will  be  most 
acceptable.  Kindly  communicate  direct. 
CHAS.  HALL  CROUCH. 

62,  Nelson  Eoad,  Stroud  Green,  N. 

KINGSLEY  AND  BROWNING. — In  a  brilliant 
riming  letter  to  Tom  Hughes,  Kingsley 
genially  says  : — 

Leave  to  Robert  Browning 

Beggars,  fleas,  and  vines. 

To  judge  by  the  lines  in  sequence,  the 
humorist  is  referring  to  some  poems  of  Brown- 
ing on  those  topics  ;  yet  I  cannot  recall  any. 
Will  some  one  kindly  enlighten  me  ? 

M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 
Percy  House,  South  Hackney. 

PENGE  AS  A  PLACE-NAME. — Could  any 
one  inform  me  as  to  the  origin  of  the  name 
Penge,  once  in  the  parish  of  Battersea,  and 
now  in  the  county  of  Kent  ?  The  name 
appears  on  a  map  in  Camden's  '  Britannia,' 
1610,  as  "  Pens-greene,"  while  in  the  end 
of  the  eighteenth  century  we  find  "  Pens 
Green "  and  "  Penge  Common "  on  the 
same  map  in  close  proximity. 

S.  HODGSON. 

PETER  COTJRAYER  ON  ANGLICAN  ORDERS. 
— Has  the  work  which  Peter  Courayer  wrote 
on  Anglican  Orders,  while  a  student  at  the 
Sorbonne,  ever  been  reprinted  ?  Dean 
Stanley  calls  him  the  "  Blanco  White  of  the 
eighteenth  century  "  ('  Historical  Memorials 
of  Westminster  Abbey  '),  and  he  was  buried 
in  the  Abbey  in  1776.  An  English  transla- 
tion seems  to  have  been  published  in  the 
eighteenth  century,  but  I  think  there  must 
have  been  another  since  then. 

FREDERICK  T.  HIBGAME. 

UPHAM  LATIN  INSCRIPTIONS  :  HOLDWAY 
AND  EWEN. — In  this  churchyard  is  a  tomb- 
stone bearing  a  coat  of  arms  with  what 
seem  to  me  to  be  three  crosses,  the  upper 
bar  of  each  ending  in  something  like  a  circle 
with  spikes  or  rays.  There  is  a  bend  (is  that 
the  right  name  ?)  across  the  shield.  The 
name  is  Hold  way,  and  the  date  1777.  This 
name  does  not  appear  in  'Fairbairn's  Crests,' 


but  on  the  other  part  of  the  stone — a 
double  one — is  the  name  of  a  daughter  who 
married  a  Ewen,  to  which  name  a  crest  is 
assigned  by  Fairbairn.  Is  it  likely  that 
the  shield  belonged  to  Ewen  ?  I  should  be 
grateful  to  any  one  versed  in  heraldry  for 
information  as  to  the  right  description  of  the 
armorial  bearings,  and  also  for  the  name 
of  the  family  to  which  they  belong. 

There  are  also  two  stones  with  Latin 
inscriptions  of  dates  1701,  1703,  and  1719, 
but  there  does  not  seem  to  be  any  reason — 
social  or  otherwise — for  the  employment 
of  that  language.  Can  any  one  enlighten 
me  ?  E.  L.  H.  TEW. 

Upham  Rectory. 

FROST  ARMS  AT  WINCHESTER. — When 
recently  in  Winchester  Cathedral,  I  observed 
on  the  cornice  of  the  screens  between  choir 
and  choir  aisles  the  arms  of  Bishop  Fox 
(d.  1528),  indeed  a  series  of  them,  alternating 
with  those  of  William  Frost,  who  was  steward 
of  the  bishopric  during  Bishop  Fox's  episco- 
pate. William  Frost's  arms  are,  as  I  read 
them,  Arg.,  on  a  chevron  sa.,  between 
three  owls  gu.,  a  —  —  az."  It  is  on  the  latter 
point  that  I  desire  information.  The  charge 
on  the  chevron  appears  like  a  blue  rosette 
or  a  figure  very  nearly  resembling  the  con- 
ventional Japanese  chrysanthemum,  but, 
having  regard  to  the  fact  that  the  tincture 
is  certainly  azure  and  that  it  is  charged  on  a 
chevron  sable,  I  think  there  must  be  some 
mistake.  Can  any  correspondent  enlighten 
me  ? 

It  may  be  noted  that  Burke  in  his 
'  Armoury '  gives  the  arms  as  above,  but 
on  the  black  chevron  charges  a  quatrefoil 
or,  for  the  family  of  Frost. 

FRED  C.  FROST,  F.S.A. 

Teignmouth. 

JEFFERSON = SAMPSON. — Can  any  corre- 
spondent of  '  N.  &  Q.'  give  me  particulars 
of  the  ancestry  of  a  Robert  Jefferson,  surgeon 
of  Dublin,  who  married  Elizabeth  Sampson 
of  the  parish  of  St.  Mark,  Dublin,  on 
30  January,  1739,  or  the  parentage  of  this 
lady  ?  WM.  JACKSON  PIGOTT. 

Manor  House,  Dundrum,  co.  Down. 

PORCH  INSCRIPTION  IN  LATIN. — Perhaps 
some  of  your  readers  may  be  able  to  give 
me  the  original  Latin  of  an  inscription  (now 
quite  illegible)  on  the  porch  of  an  old  manor 
house,  of  which  something  like  the  following 
was  given  me  as  a  translation  about  fifty 
years  ago  :  "If  thou  wouldst  be  a  wise  man, 
take  heed  of  these  three  things  :  what  thou 
sayest :  where  thou  sayest  it :  when  thou 
sayest  it."  H.  F.  FITZGUILLAUME. 


ii s.  iv.  OCT.  21,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


331 


PEERS     IMMORTALIZED     BY    PUBLIC-HOUSES. 

•    (11  S.  iv.  228,  271.) 

THE  names  of  the  nobility  are  liberally  scattered  over  every  quarter  of  London  in 
this  connexion,  and  there  is  also  a  pleasing  assortment  of  "Heads"  and  "Arms"  in 
addition.  A  reference  to  the  '  London  Directory '  supplies  a  list  of  24  Dukes,  1 1 
Marquises,  19  Earls,  30  unclassified  "  Lords,"  and  10  Admirals,  some  of  whom  figure 
among  the  Lords  : — 

Dukes.  Marquises.  Earls.  ""Lords."  Admirals. 

Albany  Anglesea  Aberdeen  Arran  Blake 

Albemarle  Camden  Amhurst  Belgrave  Carter 

Argyll  Clanricarde  Beaconsfield  Burleigh  Codrington 

Bedford  Cornwallis  Cathcart  Campbell  Duncan 

Bridgewater  Granby  Chatham  Cardigan  Hawke 

Cambridge  Hastings  Derby  Clive  Keppel 

Clarence  Lansdowne  Devon  Clyde  Mann 

Cornwall  Lome  Durham  Collingwood  Napier 

Cumberland.  Salisbury  Eglinton  Derby  Nelson 

Devonshire  Wellesley  Ellesmere  Duncan  Rodney 

Edinburgh  Westminster  Essex  Elgin 

Gloucester  Grey  Hampden 

Grafton  Lonsdale  Hill 

Kendal  Percy  Hood 

Kent  Romney  John  Russell 

Marlborough  Russell  Liverpool 

Norfolk  St.  Vincent  Morpeth 

Richmond  Warwick  Napier 

Suffolk  Zetland  Nelson 

Sussex  Palmerston 

Sutherland  Raglan 

Wellington  Ranelagh 

Wurtemburg  Rodney 

York  j,  Somers 

Southampton 

Stanley 

Tredegar 

Truro  ;: 

Tyrawley 

Vernon 

A  similar  collection  of  names  will,  I  think,  be  found  in  the  counties.  I  have  compiled 
for  the  county  of  Kent  a  short  list  of  peers  and  eminent 'persons  connected  with  special 
localities,  on  somewhat  similar  lines  to  those  MB.  GEBISH  adopted  for  Hertfordshire  ;  but 
doubtless  some  instances  have  escaped  my  notice. 

Inn.  Locality.  Person. 

Amhurst  Arms        . .        Riverhead   . .  . .       Earl  Amhurst,  principal  landowner. 

Angerstein  Hotel    . .        Greenwich  . .       John  Julius  Angerstein  of  Blackheath. 

Bouverie  Arms        . .       Folkestone  . .  . .       Bouveries,  Earls  of  Radnor,  were  Lords  of  the  Manor. 

Burrage  Arms         . .       Plumstead  . .  . .       Bartholomew  de  Burgh  erst  was  Lord  of  the  Manor  in 

1353. 
Dacre  Arms  . .       Lee   . .          . .  . .       Baron  Dacre  of  Lee. 

Dartmouth  Arms    . .       Forest  Hill  . .  . .       Earl  of  Dartmouth. 

Dering  Arms  . .       Pluckley-cum- 

Pevington     . .       Derings,  Lords  of  the  Manor  since  c.  1250. 
General  Wolfe         . .       Westerham  . .  . .       Born  in  the  parish. 

Glo'ster  Hotel         . .       Greenwich    . .  . .       Humphrey,  Duke  of  Gloucester,  bought  land  there  for 

his  house  "  Plesaunce  "  in  1433. 

Gundolph  . .        Rochester    . .  . .       Gundulph,  Bishop  of  Rochester  1077  to  1100."! 

Henry  VIII.  . .       Hever  . .  . .       Anne  Boleyn  born  at  Hever. 

Lord  Bexley  Arms . .        Bexley          . .  . .       Lord  Bexley  was  Chanc.  of  Exch.  1812-23.     Seat  at 

Foot's  Cray. 

Sir  John  Morden     . .       Lewisham    . .  . .       Founded  Morden  College.     B.  1623,  d.  1708. 

Sondes  Arms  . .       Faversham  . .  . .       Sondes  family  held  manor  since  1640. 

WM.  NOBMAN 


332 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  21, 1911. 


I  have  compiled  the  following  list  for  Kent.  As  it  is  rather  lengthy,  I  have 
confined  it  to  those  houses  named  after  Peers  and  Baronets,  and  have  excluded  those 
named  after  members  of  the  Royal  Family  : — 


Person. 

Marquess  of  Abergavenny. 
Earl  of  Beaconsfield 
Marquess  Camden. 


Earl  of  Clarendon. 

Earl  of  Darnley. 

Sir  Henry  Dering,  Bt. 

Duke  of  Marlborough. 


Inn.  Locality. 

Abergavenny  Arms          Frant 

Beaconsfield  Arms. .       Dover 

Camden  Arms         . .        Ramsgate    . . 

Camden  Arms         . .       Pembury 

Camden  Inn  . .        Tunbridge  Wells 

Clarendon  Inn         . .        Chatham 

Darnley  Arms         . .        Gravesend    . . 

Dering  Arms  . .        Ashford 

Duke  of 

Marlborough        . .        Margate 

Duke  of 

Marlborough 

The  Earl  Grey 

The  Earl  St.  Vincent 

The  Earl  of  War- 
wick 

Fagge  Arms 

Faversham  Arms 

Goldsmid  Arms 

Leicester  Arms 

Lord  Bexley  Arms . . 

The  Lord  Duncan 

Lord  Eardley  Arms 

Lord  Exmouth  Arms 

The  Lord  Homes- 
dale 

The  Lord  Napier 

The  Lord  Palmerston 

The  Lord  Raglan 

The  Lord  Raglan 

The  Lord  Roberts 

Nevill  Arms 

Old  Lord  Raglan 

Sir  Jeffery  Amhers 

Sir  Robert  Peel 

Torrington  Arms 

Viscount  Hardinge 

In  addition  to  the  above  there  are  public-houses  named  after  the  Duke  of  Wellington  at 
Ashford,  Chatham,  Crayford,  Deal,  Dover,  Gravesend,  Maidstone,  Margate,  New  Brompton, 
and  Sheerness ;  and  after  Lord  Nelson  at  Broadstairs,  Canterbury,  Chatham,  Deal,  Dover, 
Folkestone,  Gravesend,  Hythe,  Maidstone,  Ramsgate,  Rochester,  Sheerness,  Sittingbourne, 
and  Whitstable.  R.  VATJGHAN  GOWER. 

Ferndale  Lodge,  Tunbridge  Wells. 


Ashford 

99                                    99 

Folkestone 

Earl  Grey. 

it       Ramsgate 

Earl  St.  Vincent. 

Welling 

Earl  of  Warwick. 

Ashford 

Sir  John  Fagge,  Bt. 

Faversham 

Earl  of  Faversham. 

Groombridge 

Sir  Julian  Goldsmid,  Bt. 

Penshurst 

Earl  of  Leicester. 

Bexley 

(Query.) 

Chatham 

Viscount  Duncan. 

3         Belvedere 

(Query.) 

ns      New  Brompton 

Viscount  Exmouth. 

Bromley 

Viscount  Holmesdale. 

Chatham 

Lord  Napier. 

on      Penge 

Lord  Palmerston. 

Staplehurst 

Lord  Raglan. 

Ashford 

Earl  Roberts. 

Tunbridge  Wells      .  . 

Marquess  of  Abergavenny. 

Chatham 

Lord  Raglan. 

~>         Sevenoaks 

Field-Marshal  Sir  Jeffery  Amherst,  1st  Baron  Amherst 

Chatham 

Sir  Robert  Peel,  Bt. 

Mereworth 

Earl  of  Torrington. 

New  Brompton 

Viscount  Hardinge  of  Lahore. 

To  the  list  should  be  added  "The  Duke 
of  St.  Albans,"  at  the  foot  of  West  Hill, 
Highgate.  CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 

"The  Chandos  Arms,"  Edgware,  Middle- 
sex, named  from  the  Duke  of  Buckingham 
and  Chandos,  the  owner  of  Canons,  should 
be  added  to  the  list.  F.  S.  SNELL. 

As  there  have  been  included  in  these  lists 
public-houses  which  commemorate  local 
persons  of  note,  as  well  as  peers — and  lists 
of  the  former  will  prove  both  interesting  and 
valuable — I  would  note  "  The  Bennett's 
Arms  "  at  Lawhitton,  near  Launceston.  The 
name  commemorates  a  family  long  passed 
away — that  of  Bennett  of  Hexworthy,  the 


most  noteworthy  of  whose  representatives 
was  Col.  Robert  Bennett,  M.P.  for  Cornwall, 
and  Launceston  in  the  Civil  War  period,  and 
a  member  of  Cromwell's  Council  of  State 
(for  him  see  '  D.N.B.,'  vol.  iv.  p.  236). 

DUNHEVED. 

The  second  Lord  Tyrawley  (ante,  p.  271) 
won    a    more    enduring    memorial    than    a 
public-house  sign,  being  pilloried  by  Pope, 
'  Imitations  of  Horace  '  Book  I.  Epistle  VI.  : 
Go  dine  with  Chartres,  in  each  vice  outdo 
K  [innou]  1's  lewd  cargo,  or  T  [yrawle]y's  crew. 
EDWARD  BENSLY. 

In  addition  to  the  Tyrawley  peerage 
creation  of  1706  (Charles  O'Hara)  men- 
tioned in  the  editorial  note  to  MB.  T.  H. 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  21,  i9ii.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


333 


BARROW'S  reply,  there  was  a  later  one,  for 
James  Cuffe,  eldest  son  of  James  Cuffe  of 
Elm  Hall,  co.  Mayo  (born  in  1748),  M.P.  for 
Mayo  and  a  Privy  Councillor,  was  created 
Baron  Tyrawley  in  1797.  He  died  15  June, 
1821,  when  the  peerage  became  extinct. 
There  is  a  mezzotint  of  him  in  the  Irish 
National  Gallery,  by  John  Raphael  Smith 
after  William  Cuming,  R.H.A. 

WILLIAM  MACARTHTJR. 
Dublin. 

In  my  reply  on  p.  271  the  locality  of 
"  The  Sebright  Arms  "  should  have  appeared 
as  Flamstead,  not  "  Hamstead." 

W.  B.  GERISH. 


THACKERAY:  WRAY  (11  S.  iv.  283). — 
I  find  myself  alluded  to  in  this  article,  but 
I  cannot  agree  with  some  of  the  statements 
therein  made. 

That  Thack  is  short  for  Th'  ack,  and  means 
"  the  oak,"  is  highly  improbable.  We  are 
told  that  it  arose  from  "  a  venerable  or 
remarkable  oak  growing  on  the  site,  and 
known  by  that  name  even  before  there  was 
a  house  there."  But  we  are  not  told  that 
there  is  any  evidence  for  the  tree  having  been 
known  by  that  name.  Much  more  likely 
it  was  called  aik.  The  Old  Yorkshire  for 
"  the  oak  "  would  have  been  th'  aik,  on  the 
doubtful  supposition  that  the  th  was  prefixed. 

Surely  thack  is  the  common  A.-S.  thcec,  a 
thatch,  covering,  roof,  &c.,  and  occurs  in 
Thack-thwaite  and  Thaxted  (Thack-stead). 
It  was  used  of  thatching  material  as  well  as 
of  a  roof  ;  for  which  see  the  '  E.D.D.' 

Wray  is,  as  rightly  stated,  "  a  corner." 
Whether  the  compound  had  reference  to 
"long,  coarse  grass,"  as  in  the  'E.D.D.,' 
or  to  a  "  thatched  house,"  I  do  not  presume 
to  say  ;  but  I  do  strongly  advocate  the 
recognition  of  the  dialect  word  thack  in  the 
present  connexion. 

What  I  mostly  deprecate  is  the  handling 
of  the  etymology  of  wray  in  a  way  which 
philologists  cannot  endorse.  It  is  connected, 
we  are  told,  with  the  verb  to  rise  ;  that  is 
to  say,  we  are  expected  to  admit  that  the  w 
in  wray  and  the  s  in  rise  both  go  for  nothing. 
On  the  contrary,  the  w  is  most  significant ; 
there  was  never  such  a  verb  as  to  wrise. 

Next,  we  are  told  that  wry  seems  to  have 
a  distinct  root,  whereas  it  is  well  known  that 
wray  and  wry  are  closely  connected,  and  are 
only  distinguished  by  vowel-gradation,  as 
was  shown  two  years  ago  at  least.  In  the 
'  Vergleichendes  Worterbuch  der  Indoger- 
manischen  Sprachen '  by  A.  Fick,  and  in 


the  Third  Part  of  it,  edited  by  Falk  and 
Torp  in£1909,  at  p.  417,  will  be  found  the 
root  wrih,  with  the  derivative  wrigon,  A.-S. 
wrigian,  to  wry  or  turn  aside,  and  (on  p.  418) 
the  derivative  wraiha,  adj.,  turned  aside, 
and  wriga,  adj.,  wry,  twisted.  Of  course 
wraiha  goes  with  the  A.-S.  wrd,  a  corner. 
Mid.  Eng.  wro,  because  the  Teutonic  ai 
always  appears  as  a  in  A.-S.  And  the  same 
ai  comes  out  as  ai  in  Northern  English,  as 
in  A.-S.  dc,  an  oak,  North  E.  aik.  So  the 
Southern  wro  is  the  regular  variant  of  the 
Northern  wrai  or  wray.  Wro  is  duly  recorded, 
with  six  examples  of  its  use,  in  Stratmann's 
'  Mid.  Eng.  Diet.,'  under,  the  correct  heading 
wrd,  at  p.  694. 

The  conceptions  denoted  by  rise  and  wry 
are  radically  different.  Rise  meant,  originally, 
to  go  up  (or  down)  in  a  vertical  direction ; 
whereas  wry  meant  to  wind  in  and  out  on 
a  horizontal  plane.  It  makes  a  great  differ- 
ence. 

The  *  English  Dialect  Grammar  '  records 
more  than  twenty  pronunciations  of  oak; 
but  ak  does  not  appear.  The  fact  is  that 
oak  appears  as  ak  only  when  another  con- 
sonant follows;  "oak- town"  appears  as 
Ac- ton  because  e  t  follows  the  fc-sound. 

It  is  interesting  to  find  that  wray  exists 
in  Greek.  The  A.-S.  a  is  the  Gk.  ot,  and  the 
Teutonic  h  is  the  Gk.  K.  And  Greek  drops 
initial  w.  Now  write  out  the  Teut.  wraiha 
(final  -a  =  Gk.  -09),  and  it  appears,  letter  for 
letter,  as  poiKos,  which  means  "  crooked." 
WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

In  considering  the  meaning  of  the  name 
Thackeray  it  may  be  well  to  remember  that 
in  Yorkshire  thatch  is  called  thack,  and 
a  thatcher  becomes  a  thacker.  Thacker, 
Theaker,  and  Theakston  are  all  known  as 
surnames,  the  last-mentioned  being  obviously 
of  a  local  origin.  Mr.  Bardsley  ('English 
and  Welsh  Surnames  ')  interprets  Thackeray 
as  "  the  corner  or  place  set  apart  for  storing 
thack  or  thatch."  ST.  SWITHIN. 

There  was  a  place  in  the  parish  of  Hutton 
Bushell,  near  Scarborough,  called  Cocker- 
way,  Cockwray,  or  Cockrah  ;  see  Yorkshire 
Arch.  Jour.,  vii.  45  ;  North  Riding  Rec. 
Soc.,  N.S.,  i.  221.  W.  C.  B. 

A  FIGMENT  ABOUT  JOHN  BALLIOL  (US.  iv. 
225). — In  my  note  I  pointed  out  that  the  text 
of  the  '  Chronicle  of  Lanercost '  which  de- 
scribes the  cause  of  the  foundation  of  Balliol 
College  must  be  corrupt,  and  that  cervicisse 
is  a  blunder  for  cervicose.  I  have  now  taken 
an  opportunity  of  consulting  the  only 


334 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  ?i,  wn. 


manuscript  in  which  the  '  Chronicle  '  is 
preserved,  Claudius  D.  vii.  in  the  Cottonian 
collection,  and  find  that  cervicisse  is  a  silent 
emendation  of  the  editor.  The  manu- 
script has  cervitese,  which  is  nonsense  ;  and 
any  one  acquainted  with  the  handwriting 
of  the  fourteenth  century  Mall  see  at  once 
that  it  has  arisen  from  a  misreading  of  cer- 
vicose.  The  sentence  in  question  will  then 
run  as  follows  : — 

"Contigit  enim  Baronem  sue  diocesis  tocius 
Anglie  nominatissimum  cervicose  contra  honestatem 
sui  gradus  et  ecclesie  reverenciam  aliquid  [not 
aliucl,  as  printed]  perperam  commisisse." 

G.  A. 

MAIDA:  NAKED  BRITISH  SOLDIERS  (US. 
iv.  110,  171,  232,  271). — Permit  me  to  point 
out  an  error  in  MR.  RHODES' s  reply  on 
p.  272.  He  says  : — 

"  From  the  English  field  state  above  alluded  to, 
it  appears  that  '  Cole's  brawny  brigade  '  consisted 
of  six  companies  (including  the  Grenadier  com- 
panies) of  the  20th,  now  the  East  Devon  Regi- 
ment." 

Since  1881  this  regiment  has  been  converted 
into  the  Lancashire  Fusileers. 

JOHN  W.  LEE,  Colonel. 

I  am  again  much  indebted  to  correspond- 
ents for  interesting  information.  But  is 
MR.  RHODES  quite  accurate  in  all  his  state- 
ments ?  It  was  Sir  John  Stuart  who  com- 
manded the  English  force,  not  Sir  James 
Craig.  Sir  John  was  made  Count  of  Maida 
for  the  victory.  Again,  the  20th  is  no  longer 
the  East  Devon  Regiment,  but  the  Lan- 
cashire Fusiliers.  Thirdly,  the  Regiment 
de  Watteville  cannot  bear  "  Maida "  on 
its  colours,  it  having  now  no  existence, 
since  it  was  disbanded  after  Waterloo,  as 
another  correspondent  has  stated.  Again, 
a  sentence  runs,  "  the  27th,  the  Innis- 
killings  (not  the  6th  Dragoon  Guards,  who 
also  bear  Maida  on  the  colours)."  The 
parenthesis  should  close  after  the  word 
"  Guards."  There  were  no  British  cavalry 
present,  and  MR.  RHODES  is  wrong  in 
styling  the  6th  Dragoon  Guards  "  Innis- 
killings,"  a  title  which  belongs  to  the  6th 
Dragoons,  the  former  regiment  being  known 
as  the  Carabiniers.  E.  L.  H.  TEW. 

Upham  Rectory,  Hants. 

MR.  RHODES  has  made  some  mistakes 
as  regards  the  nomenclature  of  certain 
British  infantry  regiments.  For  instance, 
the  20th  Regiment  of  Foot  is  not  now  the 
East  Devon  Regiment.  For  the  last  thirty 
years  its  designation  has  been,  and  is  now, 
the  Lancashire  Fusiliers  (1st  Battalion). 


Why  the  6th  Dragoon  Guards  is  mentioned 
by  him  at  all  is  not  easy  to  understand.  He 
is  possibly  thinking  of  the  6th  (Inniskilling) 
Dragoons.  The  81st  was  never  called  the 
Lincoln  Regiment.  It  was  the  Loyal  Lin- 
coln Volunteers,  and  is  now  the  2nd  battalion 
of  the  Loyal  North  Lancashire  Regiment. 

I  venture  to  commend  the  following 
books  as  giving  the  correct  names  of  regi- 
ments at  any  period  of  their  existence  : — 

The  Official  Monthly  Army  List. 

*  Records  and  Badges  of  the  British  Army,'  by 
Chichester  and  Burges-Short.  Published  by  Gale 
&  Polden. 

'Regimental  Records,'  by  J.  S.  Farmer.  Pub- 
lished by  Grant  Richards.  1901. 

JOHN  H.  LESLIE,  Major. 

Sheffield. 

There  appears  to  be  a  little  obscurity  as 
to  the  composition  of  Cole's  Brigade,  so  a 
full  copy  of  it  from  the  Field  State  will 
better  explain  the  whole  thing.  It  consisted 
of  eight  companies  of  the  27th  Regiment, 
and  a  Grenadier  Battalion  composed  of  six 
companies,  that  is,  the  leading  companies 
from  the  20th,  27th,  36th,  58th,  81st,  and  De 
Watteville' s  Regiments.  The  27th  mustered 
27  officers  and  754  men,  of  whom  in  the 
battle  6  men  were  killed  and  47  wounded  ; 
the  Grenadier  Battalion  had  21  officers  and 
642  men,  of  whom  6  men  were  killed,  1 
officer  and  26  men  wounded  (Journal  of  the 
Royal  Artillery,  March,  1908). 

As  a  further  explanation  I  may  add  that 
battalions  were  differently  composed  at  that 
time.  Grenadiers  were  soldiers  who  threw 
hand  grenades,  but  though  these  weapons 
became  obsolete,  the  title  Grenadier  was 
retained,  and  each  regiment  had  a  Grenadier 
company,  always  posted  on  the  right  of 
the  line  or  head  of  the  column.  They  were 
selected  or  picked  men,  the  tallest  and 
stoutest,  and  at  the  time  of  the  battle  of 
Maida  were  clothed  differently  from  the 
rest  of  the  battalion  to  which  they  belonged, 
&c.  (James,  '  A  New  and  Enlarged  Military 
Dictionary,'  1810). 

As  a  curiosity,  I  give  a  note  from  a  book 
which  contains  a  brief  account  of  the  battle, 
and  an  anecdote  of  the  20th  Regiment  :— - 

"  The  men  were  bathing.  The  bugle  sounded. 
Without  waiting  to  dress,  the  soldiers  threw  on 
their  accoutrements  and  fell  in — they  even 
attacked  the  enemy  '  in  puris  naturalibus.'  " 
This  is  from  Stocqueler's  '  Familiar  History 
of  the  British  Army,'  p.  146,  which,  to  say 
the  least,  is  history  distorted. 

A.  RHODES. 

[MB.  T.  H.  BARROW  and  MR.  J.  C.  RINGHAM 
also  thanked  for  replies.] 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  21,  i9iL]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


335 


FULANI    OB    FULAHS,     A    NlGEBIAN    RACE 

(US.  iv.  270). — There  is  no  ground  for  sup- 
posing that  the  Fulani — or  Fulahs,  as  they 
are  generally  called  by  English  writers — 
came  from  Egypt.  They  are  spread  over 
a  large  area  of  the  western  and  central 
Sudan,  and  are  regarded  as  a  race  rather 
than  a  tribe.  Prof.  A.  H.  Keane  writes  of 
them  in  '  Africa,'  Vol.  I.,  1895,  in  '  Stan- 
ford's Compendium  of  Geography  and 
Travel '  :— 

"  The  Fulahs  are  originally  Hamites,  probably 
to  be  identified  with  the  Leuksethiopi  ('  White 
Ethiopians  '),  placed  by  Pliny  south  of  the 
Mauretanian  Gsetulians,  on  the  confines  of  the 
Black  Zone.  They  may  be  regarded  as  the 
pioneers  of  the  northern  peoples  for  ages  pressing 
southwards  in  the  direction  of  Sudan,  which 
region  they  reached  at  such  a  remote  epoch  that 
they  have  lost  all  memory  of  their  primitive 
Hamitic  speech,  and  now  speak  a  language  of 
distinctly  Negro  type." 

Their  name  (singular  Palo,  plural  Fulbe), 
which  appears  to  have  the  general  meaning 
of  light  or  fair  or  red,  in  contradistinction  to 
the  more  or  less  black  colour  of  the  Sudanese 
aborigines,  has  assumed  a  great  variety  of 
forms  amongst  the  surrounding  populations. 
Thus  they  are  called  Fula  by  the  Mandingoes ; 
Fulaji  or  Fellani  by  the  Hausa  ;  Fulata  or 
Fellata  by  the  Kanuri ;  Fullan  by  the 
Arabs  ;  Afut  or  Ifulan  by  the  Southern 
Tuaregs  ;  Afellen  or  Ifellenen  by  the  North- 
ern Tuaregs,  Peul  or  Poul  by  French  travel- 
lers, besides  other  more  or  less  doubtful  forms. 

R.  N.  Gust  in  his  '  Modern  Languages  of 
Africa,'  Triibner  &  Co.,  1883,  gives  a  list 
of  about  a  score  of  books  dealing  with  them 
and  their  language.  Further  information 
may  be  found  in  the  following  works  : — 

Hodgson,  William  B.— The  Foulahs  of  Central 
Africa,  and  the  African  Slave-Trade.  New 
York,  1843.  8vo.  And  his  Notes  on  Northern 
Africa,  New  York,  1844,  8vo. 

Lauture,  Count  d'Escayrac  de. — M4moire  sur 
le  Soudan  :  G6ographie  Naturelle  et  Politique, 
Histoire  et  Ethnographic,  Mceurs  et  Institutions 
de  1'Empire  des  Fellatas,  &c.,  Paris,  1855-6. 
Svo. 

Crozals,  J.  de. — Les  Peulhs.     Paris,  1883.     Svo. 

Monteil,  Lieut.-Col.  P.  L. — De  Saint  Louis  a 
Tripoli  par  le  Lac  Tchad.  Paris,  1895. 

Robinson,  C.  H. — Hausaland.     1896. 

Mockler-Ferryman,  Major  A.  F. — British  West 
Africa.  London,  the  Imperial  Press,  Limited, 
1898.  Svo. 

Tremearne,  Capt.  A.  J.  N. — The  Niger  and  the 
West  Sudan.  London,  1910. 

Annales  de  Geographic,  IV.  1894-5,  pp.  346-68. 
— Les  Boyaumes  Foulb6  du  Soudan  Central,  by 
Lieut.  L.  Mizon. 

Le  Mouvement  Geographique,  1896,  p.  311. 

Nouvelles  Annales  des  Voyages,  1840,  iv.  pp.  136- 
140  ;  1842,  iii.  p.  350. 


Journal  and  Proceedings  of  the  Royal  Geo- 
graphical Society  ;  and  The  Geographical  Joumalt 
passim. 

All  these  works  are  in  the  library  of  the 
Royal  Geographical  Society,  1,  Savile  Row, 
W.  The  list  does  not  pretend  to  be  exhaus- 
tive, for  many  other  travellers  and  writers, 
French  especially,  deal  with  the  Fulahs  and 
their  relations  with  the  various  peoples 
among  whom  they  have  settled.  They  are 
an  interesting  race,  and  a  monograph,  with 
a  full  bibliography,  would  not  be  unwelcome. 
FBEDK.  A.  EDWARDS,  F.R.G.S. 

The  late  Lieut.  Boyd  Alexander,  in  his 
book  '  From  the  Niger  to  the  Nile,'  vol.  i; 
p.  190,  speaking  of  the  Fulani,  says  that 
they  are  an  Eastern  people  who  settled  in 
Egypt,  having  come  from  further  east  still. 
They  are  supposed  to  have  been  driven  from 
Egypt  during  the  Theban  dynasty  2,500 
years  ago.  They  own  large  herds  of  horses, 
cattle,  and  sheep.  In  their  march  west- 
ward they  have  kept  to  the  fertile  plains, 
avoiding  the  desert.  The  "Cow"  or 
"  Bush "  Fulani  are  thought  to  be  the 
purest  stock. 

Other  authorities  think  that  Darfur  was 
their  primitive  home,  and  that  from  there 
they  migrated  west  and  south.  For  fur- 
ther information  about  these  interesting 
people,  see  Lady  Lugard's  '  A  Tropical 
Dependency.'  A.  LEWIS. 

"  BOMBAY  DUCK  "  (11  S.  iv.  187,  238).— 
There  can  be  little  doubt,  I  think,  that  the 
Rev.  James  Cordiner's  supposition  (see  10  S. 
xii.  5)  that  this  expression  arose  among 
sailors  is  right ;  my  recollections  of  my 
father,  the  late  Mr.  Norman  Hill,  indeed, 
go  far  towards  confirming  it.  He  had  been 
an  oat  for  some  thirty  years  in  the  waters  of 
India,  China,  and  Japan  till  the  vessel  he 
commanded,  the  s.s.  Ly-ee-moon,  was  pur- 
chased in  1863,  on  account  of  her  speed, 
for  the  Mikado  as  the  imperial  yacht. 
Consequently  he  had  formed  a  very  natural 
predilection  for  Oriental  dishes.  I  remember 
well  that  when  we  had  a  curry  for  dinner, 
he  always  took  a  piece  of  bummelo  along 
with  it ;  and  on  these  occasions  he  used 
to  speak  of  the  relish  indifferently  as  "  Bom- 
bay duck "  or  "  dungaree  duck."  Now 
"  dungaree "  is  a  coarse  calico  of  Indian 
manufacture,  and  "  duck  "  is  the  name  of 
a  similar  material  used  formerly  in  the  making 
of  sailors'  clothes,  and  applied  at  a  later  date 
to  trousers  made  from  it.  Sailors  in  the 
East,  being  regaled  with  the  dried  bummelo 
fish  together  with  rice,  humorously  dubbed 


336 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         tn  s.  iv.  OCT.  21, 1911. 


the  former  "  dungaree  duck,"  from  its 
likeness  when  in  strips  to  the  cloth  material, 
just  as  they  were  wont  to  allude  to  hard  salt 
junk  as  "  mahogany."  As  the  bummelo, 
too,  was  plentiful  around  Bombay,  the  alter- 
native appellation  of  "Bombay  duck"  is 
sufficiently  accounted  for  ;  but  in  any  case 
the  word  "  duck "  in  the  Anglo-Indian 
vocabulary  must  havehad  reference  primarily 
to  the  dress  material,  to  which  the  dried 
fish  bore  so  striking  a  resemblance,  and  not 
to  the  aquatic  bird,  as  has  often  been 
assumed.  That  it  should  have  afterwards 
come  to  be  a  popular  term  for  the  nether 
garments  of  the  uniform  of  soldiers  in  the 
Bombay  presidency,  who  wore  this  species 
of  khaki  ;  and  finally  become  a  nickname  for 
the  sepoy  troops  themselves,  the  original 
signification  being  lost  sight  of,  is  only  a  com- 
monplace occurrence  in  philology. 

I  trust  the  '  N.E.LV  may  be  led  to  adopt 
this  solution  of  the  matter,  which  to  me 
appears  incontrovertible.  N.  W.  HILL. 

FIRE  OF  LONDON:  FRENCH  CHURCH  IN 
THREADNEEDLE  STREET  (11  S.  iv.  9). — 
Although  myself  unable  to  answer  MR. 
ALECK  ABRAHAMS'S  question,  it  may  facili- 
tate a  reply  from  others  to  remind  them  that 
the  French  Church  stood  on  the  site  of  the 
Hall  of  Commerce,  a  venture  of  Mr.  Moxhay's 
(see  10  S.  iii.  307,  &c.),  and  now  replaced  by 
a  bank  and  some  stockbrokers'  offices. 
There  is  a  fine  frieze  and  group  of  figures 
on  the  walls,  well  worth  attention.  But 
few  seem  to  glance  at  them  in  this  busy 
quarter.  CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 

WATCHMAKERS'   SONS    (11   S.  iv.   269). 

Beaumarchais,  too,  was  the  son  of  a  watch- 
maker, and  during  his  earlier  years  was 
apprenticed  to  the  trade  of  his  father,  which 
he  afterwards  forsook  for  literature.  In 
connexion  with  him  it  may  not  be  out  of 
place  to  repeat  the  story  of  the  French 
nobleman  who,  in  the  days  of  Beaumar- 
chais's  elevation  and  popularity,  wished  to 
insult  him  by  reminding  him  of  his  obscure 
origin  and  former  humble  trade.  The  noble- 
man handed  Beaumarchais  his  watch,  asking 
him  to  put  it  right.  The  ex- watchmaker, 
quite  equal  to  the  occasion,  protesting  he 
was  very  clumsy,  but  would  do  his  best, 
took  the  watch  and  deliberately  dropped  it 
on  the  ground.  GURNER  P.  JONES. 

Augustus  Caron  de  Beaumarchais  (1732- 
1799)  was  the  son  of  a  watchmaker,  and 
according  to  Jean  Fleury  ('  Histoire  elemen- 
taire  de  la  Litterature  francaise,'  p.  263), 


"  il  exerga  quelque  temps  la  profession  deson 
pere,  et  inventa  meme  un  perfectionne- 
ment  dans  le  mecanisme  des  montres." 

The  following  extract  from  '  Beeton's 
Book  of  Anecdotes  '  may  interest  the  querist  : 

"  Beaumarchais,  the  author  of  '  The  Marriage 
of  Figaro,'  was  the  son  of  a  Paris  watchmaker, 
but  raised  himself  to  fame,  wealth,  and  rank  by 
the  force  of  his  talents.  An  insolent  young 
nobleman  undertook  to  wound  his  pride  by  an. 
allusion  to  his  humble  origin,  and,  handing  him 
his  watch,  said,  '  Examine  it,  sir  ;  it  does  not 
keep  time  well.  Pray  ascertain  the  cause.' 
Beaumarchais  extended  his  hand  awkwardly, 
as  if  to  receive  the  watch,  but  contrived  to  let 
it  fall  on  the  pavement.  '  You  see,  my  dear  sir,' 
replied  he, '  you  have  applied  to  the  wrong  person  ; 
my  father  always  declared  that  I  was  too  awk- 
ward to  be  a  watchmaker.'  " 

J.  F.  BENSE. 

Arnhem,  the  Netherlands. 

Sir  Samuel  Romilly  (1757-1818)  was  the 
son  of  a  London  jeweller,  who  not  improbably 
was  also  a  maker  of  watches.  William  Ward, 
ancestor  of  Lord  Dudley,  was  jeweller  to 
Queen  Henrietta  Maria  (see  '  Burke' s  Peer- 
age ').  Sir  Edward  Clarke,  K.C.,  is  the  son 
of  a  jeweller  (see  '  Who's  Who  ').  M. 

HENRY  FIELDING  AND  THE  CIVIL  POWER 
(US.  iii.  486  ;  iv.  58,  277).— It  seems  that  in 
'  Sixty-Eight  Years  of  the  Stage '  Mrs. 
Charles  Calvert,  speaking  of  a  condemned- 
cell  ballad  she  learnt  in  her  childhood, 
explains  the  line 

There  Fielding's  gang  did  we  pursue 
by  "  Fielding,  it  may  be  mentioned,  was  the 
celebrated     Bow     Street     detective."     This 
The  Morning  Post  emends  by 
"  '  Magistrate  '  would  be  nearer  the  mark,  the  re- 
ference doubtless  being  to  Sir  John  Fielding — the 
novelist's  blind  half-brother — who  in  the  middle 
of  the  eighteenth  century  put  into  practice  the 
system  suggested  by  Henry  for  ridding  London 
of  dangerous  characters." 

Now  The  Times  says  the  Fielding  referred 
to  was  "  surely  not  a  '  Bow  Street  detective' 
but  a  much  greater  man — the  magistrate 
and  novelist." 

Somebody  must  be  wrong  :   who  is  right  ? 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

"TEA  AND  TURN  OUT"  (11  S.  iv.  170, 
235)  — I  am  obliged  by  MR.  HODSON'S 
remarks,  but  what  I  wished  to  know  was 
not  the  meaning,  which  is  pretty  obvious 
but  the  origin,  at  some  date  before  1823. 
That  is,  what  was  displaced  by  the  change 
of  fashion  ?  In  those  days  people  in  general 
did  not  dine  at  an  hour  which  we  consider 
late,  and  tea  was  probably  served  after 
dinner  not  before.  DIEGO. 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  21, 1911. j        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


337 


'  THE  MOTHER  AND  THREE  CAMPS  '  : 
"POINT  OF  WAR'  (11  S.  iv.  227)  —"Point 
of  war "  here  means  the  form  of  salute 
ordered  to  be  paid  to  the  memory  of  a 
deceased  soldier,  and  consists  of  a  volley 
fired  by  a  party  of  soldiers  over  the  grave 
-at  the  termination  of  the  funeral  service. 

For  the  literal  meaning  of  the  order  see 
my  remarks  at  10  S.  xi.  337. 

N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

For  "  point  of  war  "  see  10  S.  viii.  96. 

J.  H.  L. 

The  phrase  "  point  of  war "  occurs  in 
Macau  lay  s  '  Ivry  '  : — 

Then  on  the  ground,  while  trumpets  sound  their 

loudest  point  of  war, 
Fling  the  red  shreds,  a  foot-cloth  meet  for  Henry 

of  Navarre. 

F.  A.  W. 

"GRECIAN"  IN  1615  (11  S.  iv.  270).— 
Perhaps  a  form  of  the  old  word  for  steps  ; 
see  "  grece  "  and  "  gree  "  in  '  N.E.D.' 
Thus  at  Lincoln  there  were  "  grecian 
stairs "  in  the  Close  (Maddison,  '  Vicars 
Choral,'  1878,  p.  26).  W.  C.  B. 

Does   not   this   come   from    "greece"  =  a 

flight   of     steps  ?     At   Lincoln     there   is    a 

beautiful  stairway  leading  to  the  Cathedral, 

and  bearing  the  label  "The  Grecian  Steps." 

SUSANNA  CORNER. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (11  S. 
iv.  8,  58). — The  contributors  who  have 
dealt  with  the  verse 

Whether >n  the  scaffold  high 
have  not  noted  how  closely  it  was  echoed 
in  Mr.  T.  D.  Sullivan's  '  God  Save  Ireland,' 
written    "  in  memory   of   the   execution   of 
William    F.    Allen,    Michael     Larkin,    and 
Michael    O'Brien,    23rd    November,    1867," 
the  last  three  lines  of  the  refrain  being 
Whether  on  the  scaffold  high 
Or  the  battle-field  we  die, 
Oh,  what  matter,  when  for  Erin  dear  we  fall  ! 

POLITICIAN. 

COL.  SIR  J.  ABBOTT  :  '  CONSTANCE  ' 
AND  '  ALLAOODDEEN  '  (11  S.  iv.  228,  279).— 
I  have  now  learnt  that  both  these  books  are 
in  the  British  Museum  and  Bodleian  Libraries. 
They  were  published  anonymously,  and 
when  searched  for  under  'Abbott'  could 
not  be  found. 

Your  correspondent  J.  T.  kindly  sent  me 
his  copy  of  *  Allaooddeen,'  and  I  was  thus 
able  to  trace  '  Constance.'  The  latter  was 
published  by  Smith,  Elder  &  Co.  in  1877. 


In  the  Bodleian  Library  the  two  books 
are  catalogued  under  the  heading  '  Poesis,' 
and  in  the  British  Museum  under  their  titles. 

J.  H.  LESLIE. 

RAGNOR  LODBROK'S  SONS  :  HULDA  (US. 
iv.  249,  315). — Miss  Yonge  in  '  Christian 
Names  '  (1884,  p.  214)  says  :— 

"That  Frau  Bertha  is  an  impersonation  of  the 
Epiphany  there  seems  little  doubt,  but  it  appears 
that  there  was  an  original  mythical  Bertha,  who 
absorbed  the  brightened  night,  or  if  the  bright 
night  gave  a  new  title  to  the  old  mythical  Holda, 
Holla,  Hulla,  Huldr  (the  faithful,  or  the  muffled),  a 
white  spinning  lady,  who  is  making  her  feather-bed 
when  it  snows.  She,  too,  brings  presents  at  the  year's 
end ;  rewards  good  spinners,  punishes  idle  ones  ; 
has  a  long  nose,  wears  a  blue  gown  and  white  veil, 
and  drives  through  the  fields  in  a  car  with  golden 
wheels.  Scandinavia  calls  her  Hulla,  or  Huldr  the 
propitious ;  Northern  Germany  Holda,  probably  by 

adaptation  to  hold  (mild) Some  have  even  tried 

to  identify  Holda  with  Huldah,  the  prophetess,  in 
the  Old  Testament,  but  this  is  manifestly  a 
blunder." 

ERNEST  B.  SAVAGE. 

St.  Thomas,  Douglas. 

F.  KNIBBERCH  (11  S.  iv.  289). — The 
Secretary  of  the  Bedford  Library  has  given 
me  the  painter's  full  name.  It  is  Frangois 
Knibberch,  who  studied  with  Van  den  Zande 
at  Milan. 

I  had  already  judged  that  the  scene 
depicted  was  probably  in  Northern  Italy. 
Apparently  a  ruined  monastery,  coming 
well  towards  the  centre  of  the  picture, 
occupies  the  right  side,  showing  high  up  a 
noble  apse  and  tower  in  the  Romano- 
Gothic  style  usual  in  Northern  Italy,  as, 
for  instance,  round  Lake  Como.  To  the 
left  are  hills,  and  a  long  valley  between 
them  and  the  buildings.  There  is  a  running 
fountain,  with  lion's  head  and  stone  trough, 
in  the  wall  of  the  monastery,  besides  a 
woman  bearing  a  pitcher  on  her  head,  goats 
under  great  trees  on  the  extreme  right,  &c. 
The  canvas  measures  5  ft.  by  3  ft.  6  in. 

Is  anything  known  about  this  picture  ? 

C.    SWYNNERTON. 

The  following  extract  from  Bryan's 
'  Dictionary  of  Painters  '  refers,  seemingly, 
to  the  artist  sought  for  : — 

"  Knibberch,  Fran9ois  De,  was  a  Dutch  landscape 
painter  of  the  seventeenth  century.  Early  left  an 
orphan,  he  was  placed  by  his  guardian  with  a 
painter  at  Milan,  named  Van  den  Zande,  a  native 
of  Utrecht,  by  whom  he  was  very  badly  treated. 
On  his  return  to  his  own  country  in  1629,  he  was 
received  in  the  corporation  of  St.  Luke  at  the 
Hague." 

HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 

39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennington  Lane. 


338 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  21, 1911. 


HEINE  AND  BYBON  (US.  iv.  290). — Heine 
translated  the  whole  of  the  stanzas  in  '  Childe 
Harold  '  beginning 

Adieu,  adieu  !  ray  native  shore 
Fades  o'er  the  waters  blue, 

under  the  title  '  Gut'  Nacht.' 

E.  N.  will  find  the  translation  on  pp.  226- 
228  of  '  Buch  der  Lieder '  (David  Nutt, 
270,  Strand,  1886),  which  can  probably  still 
be  obtained  from  the  publisher,  now  of 
57  to  59,  Long  Acre. 

JOHN  B.  WAINE WRIGHT. 

Heine's  translation,  beginning 

Leb  wqhl !  leb  wohl !  im  blauen  Meer 
Verbleicht  die  Heimat  dort, 

and  headed  '  Gut'  Nacht  !  (Childe  Harold, 
Erster  Gesang),'  may  be  seen  in  the  first 
volume  of  his  '  Sammtliche  Werke,'  p.  226 
(Hamburg,  Hoffmann  &  Campe,  1885).  In 
the  only  other  copy  of  the  '  Buch  der  Lieder  ' 
that  I  have  by  me  (Stuttgart,  Carl  Krabbe, 
1893)  it  is  given  on  p.  121.  As  all  ten  stanzas 
of  the  original  are  translated,  the  poem  is 
too  long  to  copy  out,  but  I  imagine  that  it 
will  be  found  in  almost  any  modern  edition 
of  the  '  Buch  der  Lieder.'  The  first  volume 
of  Hoffmann  &  Campe' s  collected  edition 
of  Heine  can  (could,  at  any  rate,  a  few  years 
ago)  be  bought  separately  for  one  mark. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

[MR.  M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR,  MR.  W.  A.  B.  COOLIDGE, 
MR.  H.  DAVEY,  and  H.  S.  B.  W.  also  thanked  for 
replies.] 

SPANISH  MOTTO  (US.  iv.  290).— In  1483 
the  Conde  de  Cabra  took  El  Rey  Chico 
(Boabdil),  King  of  Granada,  who  had  made 
a  raid  on  Spanish  territory.  This  may  have 
given  rise  to  the  joke  "La  Cabra  ha 
tornado  la  Granada"  ("  The  Goat  has  taken 
the  pomegranate").  In  the  absence  of 
context  I  throw  this  out  as  a  suggestion. 
See  Lafuente  -  Alcantara,  '  Historia  de 
Granada,'  ii.  221.  A.  D.  JONES. 

Oxford. 

Cabra  is  a  goat,  tornado  is  to  take  or  cap- 
ture, Granada  is  a  pomegranate.  This 
would  make  the  motto  "  The  Goat  has  taken 
the  pomegranate,  or  Granada." 

Another  translation  of  cobra  is  an  engine 
formerly  used  to  throw  stones,  and  a  second 
translation  of  granada  is  hand-grenade. 

Can  Gonsalvo  de  Cordova,  who  conquered 
Granada  in  1492,  have  had  the  nickname 
of  the  Goat  ?  MATILDA  POLLARD. 

Belle  Vue,  Bengeo. 

The  literal  translation  of  this  motto 
would  read  "  The  she-goat  has  taken  [in  the 
sense  of  eating]  the  hand-grenade,"  alluding, 


I  suppose,  to  the  saying  that  a  goat  will 
eat  anything,  such  as  tin,  iron,  or  even 
explosives.  It  doubtless  refers  to  an  unwise- 
action  or  perhaps  fatal  mistake. 

QTJIEN  SABE. 
[ST.  SWITHIN  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

PARIS  BARRIERS  (US.  iv.  230,  293).— I 
may  supplement  F.  A.  W.'s  interesting  reply 
by  inviting  attention  to  Alfred  Delvau's- 
'  Histoire  Anecdotique  des  Barrieres  de 
Paris,'  which  is  the  standard  work  on  the  sub- 
ject. Delvau  was  no  dryasdust  antiquary,, 
but  his  knowledge  of  Paris  was  extensive 
and  peculiar,  and  his  numerous  works  on  the 
gay  city  are  written  in  the  charming,  irres- 
ponsible style  which  reminds  us  of  that  of 
Leigh  Hunt,  whose  books  about  London 
constitute  such  delightful  reading.  Delvau 
describes  in  a  fascinating  way  the  "  barrieres,' 
sixty  in  number,  which  in  1786  Calonne 
authorized  the  Farmers-General  to  erectr 
together  with  connecting  walls  "  pour 
arreter  les  progres  toujours  croissants  de 
la  contrebande."  These  works  aroused  a- 
good  deal  of  discontent  in  Paris,  and  gave 
rise  to  the  following  epigram  : — 

Pour  augnienter  son  numeraire 

Et  raccourcir  notre  horizon, 

La  Ferme  a  juge  necessaire 

De  mettre  Paris  en  prison. 

During  the  Revolution  the  walls  were 
demolished,  but  the  gates  were  allowed  to 
remain.  These  had  been  erected  from  the 
plans  of  the  architect  Le  Doux,  and  although 
Delvau  is  not  sparing  in  his  condemnation  of 
that  worthy,  some  of  the  arches,  so  far  as  one 
can  judge  from  the  delicate  etchings  by 
Emile  Therond  which  illustrate  the  book, 
were  of  fine  proportions  and  were  constructed 
on  classical  models.  The  "  Barriere  de 
Passy  "  may  serve  as  an  example  of  this. 
"  monumental  "  style,  and  as  Delvau  sar- 
castically remarks,  to  be  "monumental" 
was  quite  sufficient  for  the  inartistic  Parisian. 
On  1  January,  1860,  the  order  was  given  for 
all  these  barriers  to  be  suppressed,  and  they 
were  rapidly  destroyed,  with  the  exception 
of  a  few  which  were  still  standing  when  Del- 
vau published  his  book  in  1865. 

Besides  the  barriers  of  the  Farmers- 
General,  there  were  a  considerable  number 
of  older  gates.  Most  of  these  were  erected 
at  the  entrance  of  the  various  Faubourgs. 
The  Porte  St.  Denis,  which  is  mentioned  by 
F.  A.  W.,  was  probably  the  best  known  of 
these,  as  it  was  the  one  by  which  travellers 
from  England  gained  entry  into  Paris,  while 
the  Porte  St.  Martin  gave  its  name  to  a  well- 
known  theatre.  W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  21,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


339 


REV.  THOMAS  AND  JOSEPH  DELAFIELD 
(11  S.  iii.  347,  412;  iv.  296).— My  know- 
ledge of  the  MSS.  on  sale  by  Hayes  goes 
no  further  than  his  catalogue.  I  notice  that 
he  describes  them  as  "by  Joseph  Delafield," 
except  that  on  '  Immortality,'  which  is 
"  by  T.  Delafield."  No  dates  are  given. 
A  curious  extract  from  one  of  the  Bodl. 
MSS.  is  printed  at  9  S.  i.  320.  W.  C.  B. 

LORD  BEAUCHAMP  (11  S.  iv.  170). — The 
paper  in  the  Philos.  Trans,  for  1741,  pp.  870- 
871,  is  the  first  of  several  accounts  of  a 
"  Fireball."  It  was  seen  from  "  the 
Mount  in  Kensington  Gardens,"  and  the 
explosion  was  heard  by  Lord  Beauchamp 
(11  December,  1741).  It  is  a  very  juvenile 
production,  the  composition  of  George 
Seymour,  born  in  September,  1725,  who 
"  as  son  and  heir  of  a  titular  earl  was 
himself  generally  known  as  Viscount  Beau- 
champ  "  ('Complete  Peerage,'  ed.  G.  E.  C., 
iv.  227,  vii.  180).  W.  P.  COURTNEY. 

THE  CUCKOO  AND  ITS  CALL  (11  S.  iii. 
486  ;  iv.  30,  75,  96,  135,  195,  258).— If  the 
frosts  of  October  do  not  render  a  reference 
to  the  blithe  new-comer  out  of  date,  it  may 
be  mentioned  that  Dekker  commences  his 
'  Guls  Hornbook  '  thus  :  "I  sing  (like  the 
cuckooe  in  June)  to  bee  laugh  t  at :  if  there- 
fore I  make  a  scurvy  noise,  and  that  my 
tunes  sound  unmusically .  .  .  . " 

MR.  E.  MARSTON  has  already  referred 
(ante,  p.  31)  to  the  fact  that  in  June  the 
cuckoo  changes  its  tune. 

P.    A.    McELWAINE. 

JANE  AUSTEN'S  'PERSUASION'  (11  S.  iv. 

288). — 1.  "The  harp was  bringing." — 

Is  not  this  merely  an  example  (perhaps  an 
extension)  of  the  usage  to  be  found  in  "  the 
house  was  building,"  "  the  tea  was  making," 
&c.?  4.  Miss  Larolles  is  a  character  in 
Miss  Burner's  '  Cecilia,'  first  appearing  in 
Book  I.  chap.  iii.  This  query  was  answered 
at  10  S.  vi.  91. 

Is  not  "  the  feelings  of  an  Emma  towards 
her  Henry,"  in  chap.  xii.  of  '  Persuasion,' 
a  reference  to  Prior's  poem  *  Henry  and 
Emma  '  ?  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

1.  "  Bringing   in   the   carriage." — Do   we 
not    sometimes    find    sentences    like    this  ? 
"  The  house  was  building  "  instead  of  "  being 
built."  NORTH  MIDLAND. 

2.  A  specific  from  buttercups  has  been  used 
for  raising  blisters,   and   a   cosmetic   made 
from  cowslips  removes  freckles.     These  are 
old  remedies.     About  the  time  '  Persuasion  ' 


was  published,  Coleridge  wrote  :  "I  can  so 
far  command  myself  as  to  check  the  intolera- 
ble itching  by  a  mixture  of  goulard  and  rose- 
water,"  '  Letters,'  ii.  692  (1818).  In  this 
instance  the  name  is  taken  from  the  manu- 
facturer, Thomas  Goulard  (see  'N.E.D.'). 

TOM  JONES. 

Gowland's  Lotion  is  an  old  cosmetic  wash 
which  had  once  a  great  vogue,  but  is  not 
much  heard  of  now.  C.  C.  B. 

An  author  respected  by  my  grandmother, 
and  not  altogether  disregarded  by  me, 
Dr.  Thomas  J.  Graham,  writer  of  '  Modern 
Domestic  Medicine,'  enables  me  to  answer 
the  second  of  MR.  HILL'S  queries.  The 
mention  of  Gow^land  took  me  at  once  to- 
p.  14,  where  it  is  stated  "  Gowland's  Lotion 
is  a  solution  of  sublimate  [of  mercury]  in  an 
emulsion  of  bitter  almonds."  It  is  evident 
that  this  has  nothing  to  do  with  buttercups. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

[MR.  A.  R.  BAYLEY  and  W.  C.  B.  also  thanked  for 
replies.] 

THE   GRAND   KHAIBAR  (11    S.  iv.    290). 

The  Daily  Journal  paragraph  of  1725  was 
probably  a  "  skit,"  and  may  have  been. 
intended  as  a  preliminary  advertisement 
for  the  '  Ode  to  the  Grand  Khaibar,'  pub- 
lished in  1726,  of  which  only  two  copies  are 
known  to  exist  in  England.  The  '  Ode ' 
consists  of  twenty-seven  verses,  and  was 
reprinted  in  full  by  Mr.  John  T.  Thorp 
in  '  Masonic  Papers,'  iii.  1904.  W.  B.  H. 

P.  G.  D.  asks  :  "Is  anything  known 
of  the  history  of  this  apparently  pseudo- 
Masonic  body  ?  "  MR.  A.  M.  BROADLEY 
put  almost  the  same  question  in  '  N.  &  Q.' 
in  August,  1908,  but  did  not  evoke  any 
response.  He  made  it  perfectly  clear, 
however,  that  the  Grand  Khaibar  was  not 
a  "  pseudo-Masonic  body,"  and  he  men- 
tioned the  publication  in  1726  of  an  ode  by 
George  Roberts,  who  threw  ridicule  on  the 
Freemasons  and  their  lodges. 

T.  H.  BARROW. 

HAMILTON  KERBY  (11  S.  iv.  230,  279). — 
See  his  pedigree  in  my  '  History  of  the  Island 
of  Antigua,'  ii.  120.  V.  L.  OLIVER. 

STREET  NOMENCLATURE  (11  S.  iv.  187, 
236).— The  Rev.  Dr.  MacCready,  Howth, 
co.  Dublin,  published  a  little  work  on  Dublin 
nomenclature.  It  contains  rules  of  re- 
search, and  deductions,  which  may  be 
applied  to  other  cities. 

WILLIAM  MACARTHUR. 
Dublin. 


340 


NOTES  AND  Q  UERIES.        tii  s.  iv.  OCT.  21, 1911. 


on 


The    Roman   Era   in    Britain.     By   John   Ward, 

F.S.A.     (Methuen  &  Co.) 

THIS  volume  of  "  The  Antiquary's  Books  "  will 
certainly  be  of  service  to  the  general  reader  who 
desires  to  gain  an  adequate  notion  of  those  traces 
of  Roman  occupation  and  influence  which  are 
still  to  be  found  in  England  and  Scotland.  The 
illustrations  of  altars,  tombstones,  pottery, 
glassware,  implements,  and  personal  adornments 
are  all  useful  and  enlightening  ;  but  the  plans 
and  maps  may  be  considered  of  still  greater  ad- 
vantage. The  latter  give  a  definite  idea  of  what 
the  physical  condition  of  Roman  Britain  was,  as 
-contrasted  with  that  of  our  modern  island.  They 
•show  clearly  how  much  the  brain  and  hand  of 
man  has  to  accomplish  before  a  district  in  the 
rough  can  be  made  to  support  a  numerous  popula- 
tion. "  The  Roman  hold  upon  the  country," 
explains  Mr.  Ward,  "  once  established,  the  great 
works  which  had  in  view  the  development  of  its 
natural  wealth  were  immediately  put  in  hand, 
and  chief  of  these  was  a  magnificent  system  of 
durable  roads  and  posting-stations.  Under  the 
.security  of  the  imperial  rule  the  rural  population 
rapidly  increased,  and  the  zenith  of  prosperity 
was  reached  in  the  Constantine  period." 

After  a  description  of  the  means  of  com- 
munication comes  a  chapter  on  military  remains, 
and  following  it  a  painstaking  account  of  the  large 
country  houses,  which  "  abounded  in  the  fertile 
lowlands  and  vales  of  the  southern  half  of  Eng- 
land. Northwards  their  remains  are  found  in 
Lincolnshire,  and  they  practically  cease  with 
York  and  Aldborough.  This  distribution  repre- 
sents the  portions  of  the  island  where  the  popula- 
tion was  most  Romanized  and  wealthy,  and  where 
the  conditions  of  life  were  best  and  the  land  most 
cultivated."  These  houses  were  not  places  of 
defence.  The  Romano-Briton  lived  under  an 
authority  which  was  able  to  keep  a  man's  family 
and  property  safe.  Hence  the  fortresses  and 
strongholds  that  became  a  feature  of  medieval 
feudalism  were  unneeded.  General  order  and 
safety  being  enjoyed  under  the  Pax  Romana  the 
homes  of  the  wealthier  persons  of  the  time  were 
planned  for  domesticity  and  agriculture,  as  their 
remains  indicate.  Public  buildings  and  baths 
tell  the  same  story  of  safety  and  confidence  in 
the  power  of  the  government  to  preserve  the  peace. 
After  an  account  of  the  patchwork  of  religious 
beliefs  which  Britain  shared  with  the  rest  of  the 
dominions  of  the  Empire,  Mr.  Ward  treats  of  the 
religious  buildings  and  altars  which  have  been 
discovered  here.  From  this  subject  he  naturally 
passes  to  sepulchral  remains,  and  tombstones 
with  their  inscriptions,  some  of  which  still  stir 
us  with  that  touch  of  nature  which  makes  the 
worshipper  of  the  best  and  greatest  Jupiter,  or 
Isis,  or  Mithras,  at  one  with  the  men  of  to-day. 
"  Her  freedman  Cascilius  Musicus  placed  this," 
records  one  funeral  monument.  "To  Simplicia 
Florentina,  a  most  innocent  thing,  who  lived  ten 
months  ....  the  father  erected  this,  '  '  says  another. 
*'  To  Fabia  Honorata,  Fabius  Honoratius,  tribune 
of  the  First  Cohort  of  Vangiones,  and  Aurelia 
Egleciane,  raised  this  to  their  daughter  most 
sweet,"  is  the  inscription  on  a  third. 

The  implements,  utensils,  and  appliances  used 
in   ordinary  life,  from  the  Claudian  conquest  in 


A.D.  43  till  the  end  of  the  Roman  era  in  Britain 
four  hundred  and  fifty  years  later,  receive  due 
attention. 

Mr.  Ward  may  be  said  to  succeed  in  giving  a 
clear,  if  condensed,  account  of  all  existing  evidence 
which  indicates  wliat  the  conditions  of  human 
life  were  in  this  island  when  guided  and  controlled 
by  the  practical  spirit  of  the  Latin  race. 

Coriolanus,  edited  by  A.  W.  Verity  (Cambridge 
University  Press),  is  a  useful  addition  to  the 
"  Pitt  Press  Series."  General  information  is 
liberal,  and  the  notes  are  adequate.  We  do  not, 
however,  agree  with  Mr.  Verity  that  this  play  is 
the  least  modern  of  Shakespeare's  tragedies. 
To  us,  on  the  contrary,  it  seems  that  nothing 
could  be  more  appropriate  to  certain  issues  of 
so-called  modernity  than  the  struggle  in  the 
strong  man's  soul  between  the  self-advertisement 
and  popular  cajolery  of  the  stump-orator,  and 
the  proud  yet  modest  dignity  of  the  man  of  action. 
Nor  do  we  think  with  Mr.  Verity  that  "  this 
tragedy  has  no  prominent  character  who  excites 
and  keeps  our  full  sympathy."  What  greater 
appeal  to  an  English  schoolboy  than  the  brave 
man's  abhorrence  of  public  praise,  of  hearing  his 
"  nothings  monstered,"  of  currying  favour,  or 
of  cant  and  brag  ?  Of  such  stuff  surely,  despite 
its  flaws,  was  the  "  stiff-necked  pride  "  of  Corio- 
lanus  ;  and  so  far  from  agreeing  with  Mr.  Verity 
that  this  stiff-necked  pride  "  deserves  no  pity 
,vhen  the  inevitable  befalls,"  we  should  cite  the 
play  as  pre-eminently  a  fulfilment  of  the  Aris- 
totelian maxim. 

The  hints  on  dramatic  irony  are  useful,  though 
we  do  not,  with  Mr.  Verity,  think  it  well  said  that 
'  Macbeth  '  is  "  oppressive  with  the  sense  of 
something  subtly  malignant  and  inexorably 
revengeful  in  the  forces  that  rule  the  world,  of  a 
tragic  irony  in  the  ultimate  scheme  of  things." 
No  fates  are  malign  or  revengeful  that  punish 
or  revenge  man's  malignity.  Macbeth  is  not, 
like  (Edipus  the  King,  a  sufferer  from  the  irony 
of  Fate  ;  and  surely  to  suggest  this  to  young 
readers  is  to  blink  the  entire  ethics  of  the  pla'y. 

The  glossary  is  excellent,  derivations  being 
freely  given.  Instead  of  the  somewhat  damping 
statement  that  "  cog  "  is  of  unknown  origin, 
"  like  most  slang  words,"  it  might  perhaps  have 
been  remarked  that  the  Welsh  peasant  even  to 
this  day  uses  the  word  "  cogeo  "  for  cheating  at  a 
game,  as  distinguished  from  "  twyllo  "  for 
cheating  at  commerce.  But  we  bow  to  Mr. 
Verity  if  he  has  any  evidence  that  this  rare  and 
ancient  British  word  was,  like  others  of  a  very 
different  character,  imported  into  Wales. 


to  <K0rasp0ntottis, 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
ind  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  i'aith. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries'"  —  Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  PuK 
lishers  "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

C.  C.  ("  Who  fills  the  butchers'  shops  with  great 
blue  flies").—  From  '  Loyal  Effusion,'  the  first  of  the 
Rejected  Addresses,'  by  Horace  and  James  Smith. 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  28,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


341 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  28,  1911. 


CONTENTS.-No.  96. 

NOTES:— A.  S.  Henning,  the  First  'Punch'  Artist,  341- 
Capt.  Morris's  '  Solid  Men  of  Boston,'  342— Cromwelliana, 
343 — Descendants  of  Bradshaw  the  Regicide  —  Daniel's 
•  Whole  Workes,'  1623.  344  —  Beaumont  and  Fletcher  : 
'  Monsieur  Thomas ' — Kelmscott  Press  Type — Christopher 
Bassnett,  345  —  Submarine  Boats  in  1828  — 'N.E.D.' : 
"  Simple  "  to  "  Sleep  " — "  Happen  " — Spettigue,  Carpenter, 
and  Rowe  Families— W.  Woollett,  Draughtsman,  346. 

QUERIES  :— Sir  Francis  Drake  and  the  Middle  Temple— 
Du  Bellay  —  Rev.  S.  Greatheed  —  Miss  Howard  and 
Napoleon  III.— Mary  Jones's  Execution,  347— Bristol 
Cathedral  Clock— Capt  Kynoch  at  Quatre  Bras— Burial 
Inscriptions  —  Dr.  Arnold  and  '  Humphry  Clinker  '— 
"FS."=3*.  2<f.— 'Comus'  at  Covent  Garden— '  Standard 
Psalmist,'  348  — Bp.  Chirbury  —  Rhoscrowther  —  Norris 
Surname  —  C.  F.  Lawler — Edward  Long  MS.  —  Lions 
modelled  by  Alfred  Stevens  —  Felix  Smith  and  Louis 
XVIII.,  349. 

REPLIES  :— Napoleon's  Imperial  Guard,  350  — Nelson: 
"Musle"  —  "Swale,"  its  Meanings,  351  —  American 
National  Flower  —  Errors  in  'Pickwick,'  352  —  Hicks 
Family  — Gyp's  'Petit  Bob'— Spanish  Motto,  353  — 
Military  Executions— Learned  Horses—"  Old  Clem,"  354 
—Essay  on  the  Theatre— Ceylon  Officials,  355— Mr.  Stock, 
Bibliophile  —  Authors  Wanted  — "  I  am  paid  regular 
wages,"  356— Jonathan  Wild's  "  Ghost"— Purvis  Sur- 
name, 357 — "Walm"  as  a  Street-Name — Omar  Khayyam 
— '  Dives  and  Pauper,'  358. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :— '  Specimens  of  Bushman  Folk-lore.' 
Booksellers'  Catalogues. 
Notices  to  Correspondents. 


A.  S.  HENNING, 
THE  FIRST   'PUNCH'   ARTIST. 

WHILE  we  are  yet,  as  it  were,  still  celebrating 
the  seventieth  birthday  of  dear  old  Punch, 
I  should  like  to  jot  down  a  few — alas  ! 
very  few — stray  notes  about  the  artist  who, 
of  all  his  contemporaries,  was  the  one  who 
made  Punch  a  reality — saved  it  from  ap- 

E earing  in  the  guise  of  a  vulgar  broadside, 
ke,  say,  Punch  in  London  (1832),  or  any 
other  of  the  wretched  ephemeral  comic 
papers  of  pre-Punch  days.  The  earliest 
*'  big  cut  "  (the  necessity  for  a  "  big  cut  " 
was  said  to  have  been  first  decided  by  Mrs. 
Ebenezer  Landells)  was  from  the  pencil  of 
A.  S.  Henning,  who,  in  spite  of  his  awkward 
ill-drawn  figures,  and  a  general  lack  of  both 
force  and  finish  in  his  work,  had  acquired 
a  name  not  very  far  inferior  to  that  of  Crow- 
quill.  Among  Mr.  Punch's  pioneer  artists, 
we  are  all  familiar  with  such  names  as 
Phiz,  Kenny  Meadows,  H.  G.  Hine  and 
Oowquill ;  but  few  have  ever  so  much  as 


heard  of  the  men  who  did  the  real  spade- 
work  —  Henning,  Newman,  Brine,  John 
Phillips,  T.  H.  Jones,  J.  V.  Barrett,  &c. 

Archibald  Skirving  Henning  was  born, 
I  believe,  in  1805  ;  the  family  Bible  says  : 
"  born  at  Edinburgh  on  the  18th  of  Feb- 
ruary at  30  minutes  past  3  a.m."  His  father, 
John  Henning,  son  of  a  Paisley  carpenter, 
developing  a  talent  for  modelling  and  carving, 
speedily  attained  a  high  reputation,  first 
in  Glasgow  and  Edinburgh,  whence  he 
removed  to  London  in  1811.  Here,  besides 
receiving  the  appointment  of  Teacher  of 
Modelling  to  the  Princess  Charlotte,  he 
exhibited,  at  the  Royal  Academy  and  other 
galleries,  44  works  (1812-35).  He  died 
1851  (see  'Diet.  Nat.  Biog.').  The  eldest 
son,  John  Henning,  jun.,  following  in  his 
father's  footsteps  as  a  successful  sculptor, 
exhibited  in  London  62  works  (1816-52). 

Archibald  S.  Henning,  lacking  the  calm, 
precise  mind  of  his  father  and  brother, 
early  forsook  sculpture  for  figure-painting — 
water-colour,  I  think  ;  perhaps,  however, 
in  both  mediums — exhibiting  (1825-34)  23 
pictures  at  the  Royal  Academy,  British 
Institution,  and  Suffolk  Street.  But  he 
soon  found  his  true  vocation  as  a  wood- 
draughtsman — probably  in  this  influenced 
by  his  brother-in-law  Kenny  Meadows. 
His  figure  subjects  were  (to  express  it  mildly) 
rather  too  "  Frenchy,"  but  they  were  well 
received.  Prints  of  roues  and  demi-mon- 
daines  were  then,  as  indeed  at  all  times, 
much  appreciated  by  the  "  smart  set," 
though  the  prices  paid  for  the  sketches 
would  not,  perhaps,  have  tempted  really 
talented  artists  to  pander  to  such  a  taste. 
Henning  was  just  in  time  to  pose  as  leading 
artist  on  The  Town,  a  "rag"  to  which  Leech 
also  sometimes  contributed. 

When  Punch  was  projected,  ways  and 
methods  being  talked  over,  Henning  was 
selected  for  principal  artist.  Phiz  and 
Crowquill  were  approached ;  but  they 
rather  hung  back,  perhaps  doubtful  of  being 
sufficiently  remunerated.  So  Henning 
(helped  by  Newman)  stepped  into  the  hon- 
ourable position  of  chief  artistic  contributor 
to  the  new  venture.  For  some  months  he 
held  first  place,  but  as  time  went  on  recruits 
were  enlisted  ;  Henning' s  mannerisms  grew 
tiresome,  and  with  the  change  of  proprietor- 
ship, or  shortly  after,  he  left  in  the  summer 
of  1842. 

Henning  soon  found  work  (for  which, 
however,  he  was  not  always  sure  of  pay- 
ment) on  the  various  comic  and  other 
illustrated  papers  of  the  day — Joe  Miller  the 
Younger  (a  speculation  of  Ingram  &  Cooke), 


342 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  », 1911. 


1845  :  The  Man  in  the  Moon,  1847  ;  Chat, 
1848-9.  Keeping  up  his  old  friendship 
with  Albert  Smith,  he  supplied  the  illustra- 
tions for  'The  Gent,'  'The  Ballet  Girl,' 
and  other  brochures  published  by  David 
Bogue.  In  1851  he  joined  the  staff  of  The 
Illustrated  London  Paper,  a  short-lived 
rival  to  The  Illustrated  London  News.  The 
same  year  he  brought  out  a  comic  book  on 
'  The  Great  Exhibition.' 

About  this  time  he  seems  to  have  retired 
from  newspaper  work  ;  one  or  two  old  cus- 
tomers, such  as  Landells  and  Thomas 
Littleton  Holt,  still  believed  in  him,  but 
he  was  generally  regarded  as  "  played  out." 
But  I  do  not  think  it  was  this  which  caused 
his  retirement  :  his  father's  death  very 
likely  left  him  provided  for,  without  the 
necessity  of  drudging  at  a  profession  which 
he  may  have  learnt  to  dislike.  He  died, 
aged  59,  4  July,  1864,  in  Manchester  Street, 
Argyll  Square,  his  demise  being  scarcely 
even  recorded  by  the  press. 

His  son,  Walter  G.  Henning,  exhibited 
three  portraits  at  the  Royal  Academy, 
1865.  Mrs.  Henning,  who  exhibited  a 
portrait  at  the  British  Institution,  1854  was, 
I  should  think,  the  wife  of  Archibald  S. 
Henning. 

Agnes,  Archibald's  elder  sister,  married 
Kenny  Meadows.  She  was  a  thrifty,  careful 
wife,  and  I  have  always  understood  they  were 
a  happy  couple.  The  younger  sister  of 
Archibald,  Margaret,  married  Joseph  Thomp- 
son, whose  daughter,  also  named  Margaret, 
married  James  Hannay.  Agnes,  daughter 
of  John  Henning,  jun.,  married  George 
Hodder,  one  of  the  founders  of  Punch. 

A  likeness  of  A.  S.  Henning,  after  a  minia- 
ture by  his  son  Walton,  appears  in  Spiel- 
mann's  '  History  of  "  Punch." 

HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 

39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennington  Lane. 


CAPT.   MORRIS'S    'SOLID    MEN 
OF   BOSTON.' 

MR.  RICHARD  H.  THORNTON  has  just  called 
my  attention  to  some  queries  which  have 
never  been  answered,  though  asked  so  long- 
ago  as  1888.  At  7  S.  vi.  483  MR.  W.  H. 
PATTERSON  printed  a  broadside  song  headed 
"Bow  Wow  Wow.  As  sung  by  Mr.  Hooke 
at  the  Anacreontic  Society,"  in  which  are 
mentioned  "  Billy  P — t,"  "  Daddy  Jenky," 
"Trimmer  Hal,"  and  "  Ebenezer  Barber, 
Who  sailed  right  from  England  and  lies  in 
Boston  harbour."  The  last  was  purely 
fictitious,  but  the  others  were  Pitt,  Charles 


Jenkinson,  and  Henry  Dundas.  "  Some 
curious  expressions,"  wrote  MR.  PATTERSON, 
"occur  in  the  song,  which  are  perhaps  Ameri- 
canisms, or  may  be  intended  to  appear 
as  such  "  ;  and  "  Perhaps  some  Boston 
correspondent  could  say  if  the  song  was 
ever  known  over  there,  or  if  'Ebenezer 
Barber '  had  any  existence  outside  these 
verses." 

The  song  was  written  by  Capt.  Charles 
Morris  (1745-1838),  of  whom  there  is  a  notice 
in  the  '  D.N.B.'  It  was  printed  in  1786 
in  '  Asylum  for  Fugitive  Pieces,'  ii.  246-50, 
where  it  is  entitled  "  Billy  Pitt  and  the  Far- 
mer. By  Captain  Morris  "  ;  in  1840  in 
'  Lyra  Urbanica  ;  or,  The  Social  Effusions 
of  the  Celebrated  Capt.  Charles  Morris,' 
ii.  41-4,  where  it  is  entitled  "  Pitt  and  Dun- 
das' s  Return  to  London  from  Wimbledon.. 
American  Song  "  ;  and  presumably  (though 
I  have  not  seen  this  book)  in  1786  in  'A 
Collection  of  Songs  by.... Capt.  Morris/ 
The  versions  in  the  broadside,  in  the 
'  Asylum,'  and  in  '  Lyra  Urbanica  '  differ 
in  length  and  in  many  readings. 

Though  popular  in  its  day,  the  song  would 
long  ago   have  been  forgotten  but   for  its 
final  stanza,  as  follows  : — 
Solid  Men  of  Boston,  banish  strong  potations, 
Solid  Men  of  Boston,  make  no  long  orations, 
Solid  Men  of  Boston,  go  to  bed  at  Sun  down, 
And  never  lose  your  way,  like  the  Loggerheads  of 

London. 

The  expression  "  solid  men  of  Boston  " 
is  proverbial  on  this  side  of  the  water  ; 
but  whether  it  originated  in  the  above  song, 
or  was  picked  up  in  this  country  by  Capt. 
Morris  when  he  served  here  in  the  17th 
Regiment  of  Foot,  the  present  writer  does 
not  know. 

On  1  April,  1794,  the  song  had  the  honour 
of  being  quoted  in  the  House  of  Commons 
by  both  Burke  and  Sheridan,  who  had  then 
quarrelled,  as  thus  appears  ('  Parl.  History,' 
xxxi.  206-10)  :— 

"  Mr.  Francis  said,  that  before  he  offered  his 
opinion  on  the  bill,  he  could  not  but  complain 
of  a  practice,  which  prevailed  in  that  House,  and 
which  in  effect  took  away  all  freedom  of  debate, 
by  confining  every  discussion,  on  subjects  of 
importance,  to  three  or  four  individuals.  That, 
on  this  point,  he  spoke  with  great  impartiality. 
That  a  few  distinguished  persons,  by  occupying 
the  whole  time  of  the  House  with  speeches  of 
many  hours,  not  only  wore  out  the  patience  of  the 
few  who  attended  them,  while  a  majority  of 
the  members,  perhaps,  were  taking  their  nourish- 
ment or  their  repose,  but  precluded  all  others 
from  offering  their  opinion  ever  so  shortly,  for 
want  of  an  opportunity  of  being  heard  even  for 
a  moment .... 

"  Mr.  Burke  declared  that  he  should  not  be 
unmindful  of  the  hint  given  by  Mr.  Francis, 


n  s.  iv.  OCT.  28,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


343 


and  drawn  from  a  precept  in  a  writer  of  very  high 
authority  with  the  gentleman  opposite  to  him, 
captain  Morris — 

Solid  men  of  Boston  make  no  long  potations. 
Solid  men  of  Boston  make  no  long  orations. 

Bow  !    wow  !    wow  ! 

And  this  injunction  he  could  the  more  readily 
comply  with,  as  he  had  in  fact  very  little  to  say 
upon  the  subject .... 

"  Mr.  Sheridan  felt  himself  much  disappointed 
in  that  kind  of  defence,  which  he  had  a  right  to 
expect  from  Mr.  Burke,  of  the  conduct  of  the 
marquis  of  Rockingham,  and  supposed,  that  the 
injunction  against  long  orations  was  not  the  only 
moral  precept  in  that  system  of  ethics  alluded  to, 
which  served  to  regulate  the  conduct  of  that  right 
hon.  gentleman.  He  would  remind  him  of  another 
passage  in  the  same  approved  writer,  in  which  he 
says, 
He  went  to  Daddy  Jenky,  by  Trimmer  Hal 

attended, 
In  such  company,  good  lack  !     how  his    morals 

must  be  mended. 

Bow  !    wow  !    wow  !  " 


ALBERT  MATTHEWS. 


Boston,  U.S. 


CROMWELLIANA. 

(See  11  S.  iii.  341  ;    iv.  3,  103,  262.) 

VII.  THE    FATE    OF    CROMWELL'S    EFFIGY 

AND  BODY. 

Mercurius  Publicus,  during  the  existence 
of  Monck's  temporary  "  Council  of  State," 
pending  the  King's  return,  was,  more  or  less 
nominally  written  by  Giles  Dury,  a  connex- 
ion by  marriage  of  Sir  Thos.  Clarges  and 
Henry  Muddiman's  assistant.  The  number 
of  this  newsbook  for  24-31  May,  1660, 
has  a  graphic  account  of  the  frenzied  delight 
of  the  nation  at  the  King's  safe  entry  into 
his  capital  on  29  May,  and  terminates 
it  as  follows  : — 

"  The  solemnity  of  the  day  was  concluded  by 
an  infinite  number  of  bonfires,  it  being  observable 
that  as  if  all  the  houses  had  turned  their  chimnies 
into  the  streets  (the  weather  being  very  warm). 
There  were  almost  as  many  fires  in  the  streets 
as  houses  throughout  London  and  Westminster. 
And,  among  the  rest,  in  Westminster  a  very 
costly  one  was  made,  where  the  effigies  of  the 
old  Oliver  Cromwell  was  set  up  on  a  high  post 
with  the  arms  of  the  '  Commonwealth  '  ;  which, 
having  been  exposed  there  awhile  to  the  publick 
view,  with  torches  lighted,  that  every  one  mighi 
take  better  notice  of  them,  were  burnt  together." 

So  much  for  the  effigy  ;     but  the  outrage 
of  its  mock  funeral  was  avenged  in  a  grimmer 
fashion.     I  do  not  think  the  passages  hav 
ever  before  been  quoted.     Henry  Muddiman 
was  sole  journalist  at  the  end  of  the  year 
and  this  is  what  he  has  to  say  on  the  sub 
ject : — 

"  This  day  (Jan.  26),  in  pursuance  of  an  ordei 
of  Parliament  the  carcases  of  those  two  horric 


egicides  Oliver  Cromwell  and  Henry  Ireton- 
were  digged  up  out  of  their  graves  which  (with 

hose  of  John  Bradshaw  and  Thomas  Pride) 
are  to  be  hang'd  up  at  Tyburn  and  buried  under 

he  gallows." — The  Kingdomes  Intelligencer  21-28 

anuary,  1661. 

A  day  or  two  later  he  tells  his  readers  : — 
"  This   day.  Jan.   30.    (we   need  say  no   more 
>ut  name  the  day  of  the  moneth)  was   doubly 
>bserved  ;     not  onely  by  a  solemn  fast,  sermons, 
and    prayers    at    every    Parish    church     for    the 
recious  blood  of  our  late  pious  soverain  King 
iharles  the  First  of  ever  glorious  memory  ;     but 
ilso  by  publick  dragging  those  odious  carcases  of 
Oliver  Cromwell,  Henry  Ireton,  and  John  Brad- 
haw    to    Tiburn.     On    Monday    night    CromWell 
and   Ireton    in  two   severall   carts,   were   drawn 
;o   Holborn  from   Westminster,   after  they  were 
digged  up  on  Saturday  last,  and  the  next  morning 
Bradshaw.     To-day  they  were  drawn  upon  sledges 
;o   Tiburn.     All  the  way,  as  before  from   West- 
minster, the  universal  outcry  of  the  people  went 
along    with    them.     When    these    their    carcases 
were   at   Tiburn   they   were   pull'd   out   of   their 
coffins  and  hang'd  at  the  several  angles  of  that 
;riple  tree,  where  they  hung  till  the  sun  was  set. 
After  which  they  were  taken  down,  their  heads 
cut  off,  and  their  loathsome  trunks  thrown  into 
a  deep  hole  under  the  gallowes." 

Muddiman  was  a  Cambridge  man,  which 
adds  point  to  his  conclusion  : — 

"  And  now  we  cannot  forget  how  at  Cambridge, 
when  Cromwell  first  set  up  for  a  rebell,  he  rode 
under  the  gallowes,  where  his  horse  curvetting 
threw  his  cursed  '  highness '  out  of  the  saddle 
(as  if  he  had  been  turned  off  the  ladder)  the  spec- 
tators then  observing  the  place  and  rather  pre- 
saging the  work  of  this  day  than  the  monstrous 
villainies  of  this  day  twelve  years.  But  he  is 
now  again  thrown  under  the  gallows,  never  more 
to  be  digg'd  up,  and  there  we  leave  him." — Mer- 
curius Publicus,  24-31  January,  1661. 

According  to  the  MS.  note  of  the  collector, 
George  Thomason  on  the  "  3rd  day  after  yfc 
Cromwell,  Bradshaw,  and  Ireton  were  hanged 
at  Tiburn  and  their  boddies  turned  into  a 
hole  under  ye  Gallowes,"  the  following 
poem  was  printed.  It  is  a  broadside  with 
a  heavy  black  border  : — 

On  the  death  of  that  Grand  Impostor,  Oliver  Crom- 
well.    Who  died  September  the  3.  1658. 
So  let  him  die.     So  to  his  grave  be  sent 
And,  as  his  life,  his  death  proved  turbulent 
In  such  loud  tempests  let  him  end  his  days 
As  witches  their  accurs'd  familiars  raise 
The  Devil  in  a  dreadful  hurricane 
Approaches  thus  the  trembling  Indian. 
Those  happy  storms  how  should  we  prize 
Had  they  but  sooner  sung  his  exequies 
Ere   he   had  perfected   that  black   design 
Which  to   this   day  brands   the  first   Cataline 
And  stopped  those  louder  cries  of  blood  that  calt 
For  curses  to  attend  his  funeral. 
The  tracing  of  those  sanguine  paths  he  trod 
Made  Attila  be  styled  the  "  Scourge  of  God." 
Well  made  this  Scarlet  Hypocrite  his  boast 
Not  in  the  Prince  of  Peace,  but  Lord  of  Host 
Though  to  rejoice  in  numbers  of  men  slain 
Suits  not  with  David  but  withJTamberlaine. 


344 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [n  s.  iv.  OCT.  28, 1911 


Yet,  well  were  we  if  his  immortal  hate 

Had  ended  in  the  men  of  State 

But  who  the  Church's  miseries  will  scan 

Will  find  him  England's  Dioclesian 

T'was  not  enough  himself  t'  have  guilty  been 

But  Jeroboam  must  make  Israel  sin. 

All  must  obedient  be  to  his  behests 

Making  the  meanest  of  the  people  priests 

And  Golden  Calves  must  now  be  God's  to  them 

Bethel's    preferred    before    Jerusalem 

There  must  they  sacrifice  and  incense  burn 

For  fear  the  Crown  to  David's  House  return 

Who,   since  that,   Heaven,  would  not  wish  him 

dead. 
Yet,  that  his  hand  had  earlier  withered. 

The  reference  in  this  effusion  to  the  mean 
"  priests"  (of  whom  Walker  was  the  arch 
type)  proves  that  it  was  Presbyterian  in 
sympathy.  It  may  be  claimed,  therefore, 
jas  evidence  of  the  Puritan  sentiment  about 
Cromwell. 

The  dates  affixed  to  the  tracts  cited  in 
the  foregoing  articles  will  enable  the  reader 
to  trace  them  in  the  '  Catalogue  of  the  Thom- 
ason  Tracts.'  J.  B.  WILLIAMS. 

• '  The  Civil  Warres.  By  an  Impartiall 
Pen,"  i.e.,  John  Davies  of  Kidwelly,  1661, 
is  a  book  for  the  most  part  of  no  authority. 
But  the  account  of  Cromwell's  death  and 
funeral  is  near  to  the  date,  and  must  repre- 
sent the  current  talk  amongst  the  royalists 
of  the  time,  so  that  it  is  worth  a  brief  refer- 
ence : — 

•"  He  first  lay  in  State  in  Somerset-house, 
where  his  Effigies  made  of  Wax ....  (together 
with  the  Corps)  first  stood  till  it  was  thence 
removed  into  another  room,  and.  .  .  .was  exposed 
to  publick  view  till  the  three  and  twentieth  of 
November,  when  the  Effigies  and  Corps  were 
carryed  to  Westminster  Abbey.  .  .  .the  Effigies 
was.  .  .  .placed  under  a  Momument  [sic]  of  Wood 
framed  for  that  purpose,  and  there  some  dayes 
.exposed  to  publick  view  :  The  Corps  as  was  said 
had  been  before  privately  buryed  in  Harry  the 

.•Sevenths  Chappel "—P.  363. 

W.  C.  B. 


BRADSHAW  THE  REGICIDE  :  HIS  DESCEN- 
DANTS.— The  following  reference  to  the  last 
-of  the  Bradshaws  appeared  in  The  Irish 
Times  of  the  17th  inst  : — 

"  DEATH  OF  THE  LAST  OF  THE  BRADSHAWS. — 
At  Coolree  Farm  Lodge,  on  the  southern  slope 
.of'tthe  famous  '  Three  Rocks,'  which  was  the 
camping  ground  of  the  rebels  in  '98,  there  has 
died  recently  Mr.  Robert  Armstrong  Bradshaw, 
the  last  lineal  descendant  of  one  of  the  most 
famous  men  in  English  history.  The  Mr.  Brad- 
shaw just  deceased  was  the  only  surviving  son 
of  the  late  Rev.  Paris  Bradshaw,  one  time  Rector 
of  Dysart,  co.  Waterford,  who  was  the  last  and 
only  living  descendant  of  Henry  Bradshaw,  the 
Regicide,  who  was  appointed  by  the  Cromwellian 
Parliament  '  President  of  the  Court  of  Justice,' 


and  '  Chief  of  the  famous  one  hundred  and  thirty- 
two  Commissioners,'  who  tried  Charles  I.,  and 
who  eventually  pronounced  sentence  on  him, 
and  signed  the  King's  death  warrant. 

"  On  the  restoration  of  the  Stuarts,  Bradshaw 
fled  to  Ireland  for  a  time,  and,  though  an  Act  of 
Attainder  (Act  12  Car.  II.,  c.  30)  was  passed,  by 
which  Bradshaw,  Cromwell,  Ireton,  and  their 
issues  were  declared  traitors,  and  deprived  of  all 
civil  rights  and  all  lands  or  possessions  they  were 
enjoying,  at  the  time  the  Act  was  passed 
Cromwell  and  Bradshaw  had  been  sleeping  in 
their  graves  some  years.  Yet,  in  the  case  of 
Bradshaw's  heirs,  the  law  did  not  seem  to  have 
been  followed  up  by  any  very  active  measures,  as 
their  small  Irish  property  was  retained. 

"  The  descendants  of  the  Bradshaw  family 
lived  on  in  their  Irish  obscurity,  on  what  pro- 
perty they  possessed  in  this  country,  till  now 
the  last  of  this  old  Cromwellian  stock  ended  his 
days  almost  forgotten,  and  almost  unknown, 
in  the  old  man  who  has  just  died  near  Wexford 
in  his  eighty-second  year.  One  daughter  still 
survives,  who  is  married  to  a  small  farmer  in  the 
neighbourhood.  But  the  name  of  Bradshaw  is 
extinct. 

"  In  the  tumbledown  old  house  at  Coolree,  near 
Wexford,  there  are  preserved  many  strange  relics 
and  heirlooms  of  the  family,  and  many  curious 
documents.  It  is  to  be  hoped  at  least  some  of 
these  may  be  secured  by  some  of  the  learned 
societies  or  museums  as  historic  records  of  the 
stirring  times  when  Henry  Bradshaw  played  such 
a  part  in  the  troublous  times  of  Cromwell,  and  who 
pronounced  Charles  Stuart  '  a  tyrant,  a  murderer, 
and  a  traitor  to  his  country.'  " 

The  Irish  Times  of  the  18th  inst.  had  this 
additional  note  : — 

"  '  Death  of  the  Last  of  the  Bradshaws.'  " — 
In  reference  to  the  paragraph  which  appeared 
under  this  heading  in  the  Irish  Times  of  yester- 
day, Mr.  Charles  J.  Hill  writes  to  us  to  say  that 
part  of  the  historical  sketch  of  the  Bradshaw 
amily  was  incorrect.  John,  and  not  Henry, 
Bradshaw,  he  says,  was  the  President  of  the 
2ourt  of  Justice  appointed  by  the  Cromwellian 
Parliament,  and  John  Bradshaw  did  not,  as  was 
stated,  flee  to  Ireland  after  the  restoration  of  the 
Stuarts.  He  died  in  1659,  and  was  buried  in 
Westminster  Abbey.  Mr.  Hill  adds  that  he  has 
documentary  evidence  of  the  fact  that  Robert 
Armstrong  Bradshaw,  who  recently  died  at 
Coolree,  near  Wexford,  was  not  a  direct  lineal 
descendant  of  John  Bradshaw,  the  President  of 
:he  High  Court,  who  tried  and  condemned  Charles 
Stuart  as  '  a  tyrant,  a  murderer,  and  a  traitor 
;o  his  country.'  " 

WILLIAM  MACARTHUR. 

Dublin. 

[The  Irish  Times  was  certainly  wrong  in  its 
Cromwellian  history.  MB.  S.  A.  D'AncY  is 
hanked  for  sending  a  similar  cutting.] 

DANIEL'S  '  WHOLE  WOBKES,'  1623. — In 
;he  sale  catalogue  by  Messrs.  Sotheby 
23  October  and  four  following  days)  lot 
LI 00  consists  of  this  book,  and  in  the  descrip- 
tion the  words  are  added,  "  wants  portrait." 
Although  Messrs.  Sotheby  are  probably 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  28,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


345 


aware  that  no  portrait  properly  belongs  to 
the  book,  this  remark  may  perhaps  convey 
a  wrong  impression  to  some  people.  It  may 
therefore  be  well  to  point  out  that  that 
portion  of  the  book  which  includes  '  The 
Civile  Wares'  is  made  up  of  the  "remain- 
der" sheets  of  the  edition  of  1609.  Some 
copies  have  bound  up  with  them  the  original 
engraved  title-page  containing  a  portrait 
of  Daniel  by  Cookson  ;  and  a  few  have  also 
the  dedication  to  Marie,  Countess  Dowager 
of  Pembroke,  A  copy  of  the  '  Whole  Workes,' 
without  this  engraved  title-page  and  dedica- 
tion is  quite  perfect,  though  no  doubt  its 
value  would  be  enhanced  if  either  one  or 
both  were  included.  W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 

BEAUMONT  AND  FLETCHER  :  '  MONSIEUR 
THOMAS.' — In  this  play,  Act  V.  sc.  vi.,  there 
is  a  passage  which  has  never  been  explained. 
But  the  explanation  is  not  difficult,  when  once 
pointed  out. 

Sam.  Thou  art  not  married  ? 

Hylas.  By  th'mass,  but  I  am,  all  to  be  married  ; 
I  am  in  the  order  now,  Sam. 

The  difficulty  is  in  the  first  line  of  Hylas's 
speech.  In  ed.  1778  alterations  are  proposed ; 
on  which  Mason's  note  is  that  neither  the 
old  text  nor  the  proposed  readings  can  be 
right.  Weber  says  the  same,  and  proposes 
a  new  reading  in  which  he  has  no  faith  ; 
and  ends  by  leaving  the  reader  "  to  adopt 
any  variation  which  pleases  him  best." 

The  right  answer  is  to  accept  the  text 
as  it  stands,  merely  remembering  that 
both  "  ail-to  "  and  "  be-married  "  are  com- 
pound words.  The  former  means  "  alto- 
gether "  or  "  very "  ;  the  latter  means 
"  much  married  "  or  "  completely  married." 
And  the  whole  line  means — "  By  the  mass, 
but  I  am  !  very  much  married,  indeed  !  " 
The  poor  man's  case  was  simply  irremediable. 

I  find  that  the  phrase  occurs  again  in  Ben 
Jonson,  'The  New  Inn,'  V.  i.,  where  Fly 
says  that  Lord  Beaufort  is  *'  all  to  be 
married." 

The  compounds  with  be-  as  a  prefix  are 
so  numerous  that  the  '  N.E.D.'  could  not 
deal  with  them  all ;  so  that  be-married 
is  omitted.  WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

KELMSCOTT  PRESS  TYPE. — The  Times 
Literary  Supplement  of  28  September 
states 

"that  after  Morris's  death....  his  ornaments 
and  borders  were  presented  to  the  nation,  and 
are  kept  at  the  British  Museum  ;  his  types  are 
in  the  hands  of  his  trustees." 

The  foregoing  is  on  the  lines  of  a  card  I  saw 
some  time  since  in  the  Sunderland  Public 


Library,  to  the  effect  that  a  book  exhibited 
was  "  printed  from  types  cut  by  William 
Morris."  Information  as  to  the  numbed 
of  years  required  to  cut  types  sufficient  for 
a  good-sized  work  was  omitted. 

I  presume  that  by  "  ornaments  and  bor- 
ders "  is  meant  the  original  zincos,  not  the 
electros  or  stereos  actually  employed  in  the 
printing  of  Kelmscott  Press  productions. 
The  Golden  Type  employed  in  some  of  these, 
as  the  Times  reviewer  says,  was  modelled 
upon  the  heavy-face  Roman  of  Nicolas 
Jenson,  and  was  cast  by  one  of  the  older 
English  letter-foundries,  Sir  Charles  Reed 
&  Sons,  now  absorbed  by  another  firm. 
I  am  uncertain  as  to  who  engraved  the  pun- 
ches, but  the  matrices  struck  therefrom 
were  made  by  Reeds,  who  always  kept  a 
small  stock  of  type  on  hand.  This  was  put 
into  the  melting-pot  after  Morris's  death, 
in  the  presence  of  his  representatives,  the 
punches  and  matrices  being  taken  away  by 
them,  and  presented  to  the  British  Museum. 

Whatever  this  institution  has  in  its 
keeping  would  not  prevent  reproduction, 
as  type-designs,  &c.,  in  this  country  can  only 
enjoy  the  limited  protection  that  registra- 
tion gives  ;  so  that  there  would  be  no  diffi- 
culty in  copying  the  Golden  Type  (or  any 
other  Morris  type-face).  Several  type- 
foundries,  English  and  American,  have 
brought  out  similar  "  faces "  with  such 
titles  as  Jenson  Old  Style,  Italian  Old  Style, 
Venetian  Old  Style,  Morris  Old  Style,  &c. 
A  leading  American  type-foundry  has  sold 
Morris  borders  and  initials  for  some  time 
past  as  well.  CHARLES  S.  BURDON. 

[The  punches'  (like  those  of  other  first-class 
modern  types)  were  cut  by  Mr.  Prince.  We  believe 
our  correspondent's  account  is  strictly  accurate 
as  to  the  Troy  and  Chaucer  founts,  but  that  Mr, 
Morris's  trustees  reserved  the  Golden  Type  for 
use  in  a  few  selected  works.  The  only  blocks 
in  existence  of  the  illustrations,  borders,  deco- 
rative initials,  &c.,  are  in  the  British  Museum. 
We  believe  that  during  Mr.  Morris's  lifetime  the 
use  of  the  American  reproductions  of  his  type 
was  stopped ;  but  until  some  one  is  public- 
spirited  enough  to  incur  the  expense  of  a  pro- 
tracted lawsuit,  it  is  impossible  to  say  what  pro- 
tection is  afforded  by  copyright  and  registration 
of  design.  It,  is  however,  fairly  easy  to  dis- 
tinguish between  type  fom  original  matrices 
made  by  a  punch  and  type  from  electrotype 
matrices  made  from  photographs  of  print.] 

CHRISTOPHER  BASSNETT,  NONCONFOR- 
MIST MINISTER. — He  was  the  son  of  Nathaniel 
Bassnett  (ob.  1699)  of  Chester,  apothecary, 
churchwarden  of  St.  Peter's,  Chester,  1661-2, 
by  his  wife  Frances  (married  1658),  daughter 
of  Ralph  Richardson,  High  Sheriff  of  Cheshire. 
His  birth,  30  January,  1677,  and  baptism, 


346 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s.  iv.  OCT.  ss,  ML 


3  February  following,   are  recorded  in  the 
parish  register  of  St.  Peter,  Chester. 

He  was  settled  as  actual  minister  of  Kaye 
Street  Chapel,  Liverpool,  before  13  Sep- 
tember, 1709.  His  wife  Anne  (Eaton), 
married  9  Feb.,  1713/14  (cf.  '  The  Noncon- 
formist Register,  generally  known  as  the 
Northowram  or  Coley  Register,'  ed.  J. 
Horsfall  Turner,  1881),  was  previously  the 
wife  of  John  Cheney,  mercer  of  Warrington, 
and  appears  to  have  died  at  Liverpool, 
13  September,  1737  (ibid.). 

Three  of  his  children  are  mentioned  in 
Kaye  Street  Chapel  register :  Frances 
<bap.  11  Dec.,  1715),  wife  of  John  William- 
son of  Liverpool,  clerk  ;  Ann,  bap.  23  April, 
1718  ;  and  Ann  (the  second  of  that  name), 
bap.  15  March,  1723,  who  survived  her 
father. 

Administration  of  his  estate  was  granted 
by  the  Consistory  Court  of  Chester,  1 1  August 
1744,  to  Frances  Williamson,  the  eldest 
daughter.  He  was  only  remotely  connected 
with  the  Bassnetts  of  Coventry. 

Nothing  is  known  of  the  descendants  of 
Christopher  Bassnett's  children,  but  his 
brother  William  had  a  son  and  a  daughter  ; 
the  latter  was  married  to  Edward  Cropper. 
The  son,  Nathaniel  Bassnett,  merchant  in 
New  Broad  Street,  London,  1755,  was  father 
of  the  wife  of  Thomas  Percival,  M.D.,  F.R.S., 
whose  daughter  was  the  mother  of  Sir  Ben- 
jamin Heywood,  Bt.  (1793-1865),  banker 
at  Manchester.  (See  H.  D.  Roberts's  '  Hope 
Street  Church,  Liverpool,  and  the  Allied 
Nonconformity,'  1909,  pp.  32-4.) 

This  note  will  supplement  the  Rev.  Alex- 
ander Gordon's  account  of  Christopher 
Bassnett  in  the  '  D.N.B.,'  iii.  387. 

DANIEL  HIPWELL. 

SUBMARINE  BOATS  IN  1828. — I  find  among 
my  notes  a  reference  to  an  article  in  the 
Stuttgart  Morgenblatt  for  9  September 
1828.  L.  L.  K. 

'  NEW  ENGLISH  DICTIONARY  '  :  "  SIM- 
PLE "  TO  "  SLEEP." — I  notice  a  few  omissions 
from  this  new  double-section. 

1.  "  Sistent,"    an    old   medical   term. — In 
Alleyne's      '  New      English      Dispensatory  ' 
(1733)  there  is  a  chapter  devoted  to   "  sis- 
tents,"  that  is,  to  medicines  which  "  diminish 
or  take  away  the  above-mentioned  causes 
of  acceleration  [of  the  motion  of  the  blood]." 

2.  "  Sistra." — Folkard  ('  Plant  Lore,'  &c., 
p.  237)  quotes  from  Dr.  Prior  a  passage  from 
*  The    Crete    Herball '    in    which    "  sistra  " 
is  used  as  a  name  for  dill,  contrary  to  some 
who  call  it  "mew."      "  Sistra,"  says  the  old 


herbalist,  "is  of  more  vertue  than  Mew, 
and  the  leaves  be  lyke  an  herbe  called 
Valde  Bona" 

3.  "  Sinphonie  "       and       "  simphonie." — 
These  both  occur  in  '  Alphita  '  as  names  for 
henbane. 

4.  I  am  surprised  to  find  1875  the  earliest 
date    for     "  syphon "     in    connexion    with 
mineral   waters.     I    was   familiar   with  the 
invention  at  least  eight  years  before  then. 

C.  C.  B. 

"  HAPPEN." — The  euphemism  "  if  any- 
thing should  happen  "  seems  to  have  escaped 
the  attention  of  the  editors  of  the  '  N.E.D.' 
[In  the  event  of]  "  any  thing  happening  to 
his  father  "  is  called  a  modern  phrase  in 
1829  (Blackivood's  Mag.,  June,  p.  719). 

RICHARD  H.  THORNTON. 
36,  Upper  Bedford  Place,  W.C. 

SPETTIGUE,  CARPENTER,  AND  ROWE 
FAMILIES. — MR.  ROBERT  PIERPOINT,  ante, 
p.  24,  in  a  note  upon  the  copy  of  a  Carpenter- 
Rowe  document,  made  at  Launceston  in 
1808  by  Stephen  Spettigue  says:  "I  am 
far  from  sure  about  the  name  '  Spettigue.'  " 

I  may  therefore  record  that  Stephen 
Spettigue,  a  member  of  one  of  the  oldest 
Launceston  families,  was  Mayor  of  the 
borough  in  1808-9,  as  he  had  been  in 
1791-2  and  again  in  1795-6  ;  as  Solomon 
Spettigue  had  been  in  1770-71,  and  again 
in  1775-6  and  1784-5;  and  as  John  Spet- 
tigue in  1805-6. 

The  William  Rowe  mentioned  as  "  Jus- 
tice "  in  the  copy  had  been  Mayor  in  1806-7  ; 
and  both  he  and  Coryndon  Rowe  filled  the 
civic  chair  on  more  than  one  occasion,  as, 
before  them,  had  done  Coryndon  Carpenter, 
at  various  dates  in  the  eighteenth  century. 
For  Sir  William  Carpenter  Rowe,  son  of 
Coryndon  Rowe,  and  Chief  Justice  of  Ceylon 
1856-9,  I  would  refer  MR.  PIERPOINT 
to  Messrs.  Boase  and  Courtney's  '  Biblio- 
theca  Cornubiensis,'  vol.  ii.  604. 

DUNHEVED. 

WILLIAM  WOOLLETT,  DRAUGHTSMAN  AND 
LINE  ENGRAVER.  —  William  Wollett  (sic) 
of  St.  Bridget's,  otherwise  Bride's,  London, 
engraver,  bachelor,  23,  and  Hannah  Morris 
of  St.  Saviour's,  Southwark,  spinster,  21, 
were  married  at  St.  Saviour's  Collegiate 
Church,  Southwark,  by  virtue  of  a  licence 
from  the  Commissary  Court  of  Surrey. 
The  allegation  for  the  licence  is  dated 
21  December,  1758.  Woollett  appears  to 
have  been  twice  married,  his  widow  being 
Elizabeth  Woollett  (see  'D.N.B.,'  Ixii. 
430). 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  28,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


347 


The  marriage  allegations  pertaining  to 
the  late  Commissary  Court  of  Surrey  are 
preserved  in  a  new  muniment-room  at 
Southwark  Cathedral. 

DANIEL  HIPWELL. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 

Sm  FRANCIS  DRAKE,  "  UNITS  DE  CON- 
SORTIO  MEDII  TEMPLI." — In  the  catalogue 
of  '  Notable  Middle  Templars '  by  Mr. 
John  Hutchinson,  formerly  Librarian  to  the 
Middle  Temple,  appears  the  following  memo- 
randum under  the  heading  Drake,  Sir 
Francis  : — 

"  The  connexion  of  this  famous  admiral  with  the 
Inn  appears  in  the  following  memorandum  in  the 
Records  :  '  Die  Jovis  quarto  die  Augusti  anno  D'ni 
1586  annoq.  regni  D'ne  Elizabethe  Regine  28°Fran- 
ciscus  Drake  Miles  unus  de  consortio  Medii  Templi 
post  navigationem  anno  preterito  susceptam  et 
Omnipotentis  Dei  beneficio  prospere  peractam, 
aceessit  tempore  prandii  in  aulam  Medii  Templi 
ac  recognovit,  Joanni  Savile  armigero  tune  Lectori, 
Matheo  Dale,  Thome  Bowyer,  Henrico  Agmon- 
desham  et  Thome  Hanham  magistris  de  banco  et 
aliis  il'm  pra?sentibus,  antiquam  familiaritatem  et 
amicitiam  cum  consortiis  generosorum  Medii 
Templi  praedict.,  omnibus  de  consortiis  in  aula 
praesentibus,  cum  magno  gaudio  et  unanimiter, 
gratulantibus  reditum  suum  foelicem." 

Mr.  Hutchinson  then  proceeds  to  say  : — 

"  From  this  memorandum  it  would  appear  that 
this  renowned  admiral  was  a  member  (censors)  of 
the  Middle  Temple,  and  tradition  affirms  that  he 
was  so.  There  is,  however,  no  record  of  the  ad- 
mission of  any  Francis  Drake  on  the  register  of  the 
Inn." 

I  myself  do  not  feel  certain  that  the  above 
Latin  memorandum  proves  that  Drake  was 
a  member  of  the  Middle  Temple.  "  Socie- 
tas  "  is  the  usual  word  for  a  "  Society  "  of 
one  of  the  Inns  of  Court,  "  socius  "  being  the 
usual  word  for  one  of  its  members.  Why 
on  this  occasion  only  should  "  consortium  " 
be  used  ?  for  the  word  is  nowhere  else 
found  in  our  records,  which  begin  in  the 
reign  of  Henry  VII.  And  why  is  it  used  in 
the  plural  ?  I  think  there  must  be  some 
difference  between  "  societas  "  and  "  con- 
sortium," and  I  should  be  much  obliged  if 
any  of  your  readers  would  throw  light  on 
the  passage. 

I^may  mention  that  when  Drake  "  dropped 
in"  to  Hall  at  luncheon  -  time,  he  was 
actually  a  member  of  the  Inner  Temple, 
having  been  specially  admitted  a  "  socius  " 


of  that  Inn  on  28  July,  1582.  See  Inder- 
wick's  '  Records  of  the  Inner  Temple.'  Is 
there  a  known  instance  of  any  one  as  early 
as  the  reign  of  Elizabeth  being  a  member 
of  both  Inns  ?  MEDIO-TEMPLARIUS 

Du    BELLAY. — Amongst     a     number     of 
waste  leaves,  printed  proofs,   and  authors' 
copy,   the   refuse   of  a  Paris  printing-office 
of  the  middle  of  the  sixteenth  century,  I 
found  two  leaves  of  Latin  verse,  beginning 
Ad  Hilermum  Bellaium  Cognomine  Langium. 
Venisti  columen  mee  Camaenae 
Votis  omnibus  expetitus  usque 
Venisti,  &c. 

I  should  be  glad  to  learn  if  these  have  been 
printed,  and  if  so,  in  what  book. 

E.   GORDON  DUFF. 
Prince's  Park,  Liverpool. 

REV.  SAMUEL  GREATHEED. — I  should  be 
glad  of  any  references  to  the  Rev.  Samuel 
Greatheed,  the  friend  of  the  poet  Cowper. 
The  references  in  Southey  and  Hay  ley's 
Lives  of  Cowper,  and  in  Wright's  '  Letters 
of  Cowper,'  are  known  to  me.  I  want  details 
of  his  parentage,  life,  and  career,  and  to  know 
whether  any  of  his  letters  have  been  pub- 
lished. L.  E.  T. 

Pemb.  Coll.,  Camb. 

Miss  HOWARD  AND  NAPOLEON  III.— 
A  French  correspondent  desires  information 
about  Miss  Howard,  an  Englishwoman, 
who  was  a  well-known  mistress  of  Louis 
Napoleon,  afterwards  Napoleon  III.  I  shall 
be  obliged  if  some  one  can  tell  me  the  date 
and  place  of  her  birth,  or  any  other  particu- 
lars concerning  her.  I  am  told  she  was  born 
at  Brighton.  HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 

Fox  Oak,  near  Walton-on-Thames. 

MARY  JONES'S  EXECUTION,  1771. — Mary 
Jones  was  sentenced  to  death  at  the  Old 
Bailey  on  12  September,  1771,  for  stealing 
a  few  yards  of  lace  from  a  shop  on  Ludgate 
Hill,  and  executed  at  Tyburn  on  16  October 
following.  She  is  described  as  a  very 
beautiful  woman  of  26,  and  committed  the 
theft  to  buy  food  for  her  children,  being  in 
the  greatest  poverty  owing  to  her  husband 
having  been  carried  off  by  a  pressgang. 

Her  sad  case  seems  to  have  attracted  little 
attention  at  the  time,  but  became  famous  a 
few  years  later  when  Sir  William  Meredith, 
in  a  speech  in  the  House  of  Commons  on 
13  May,  1777,  referred  to  her  execution  as 
a  foul  murder.  The  story  has  often  been 
related  in  histories  of  crime,  but  beyond 
Meredith's  speech  and  the  accounts  in  the 
newspapers  and  magazines  I  have  come 
across  no  contemporary  references  to  Mary 


348 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        tii  s.  iv.  OCT.  as,  mi. 


Jones.     I  have  not  even  been  able  to  find 
the  Sessions  paper  containing  a  report  of  her 


trial. 


I  shall  be  obliged  for  information. 
HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 


BRISTOL  CATHEDRAL  CLOCK. — In  a  docu- 
ment of  the  year  1630,  of  which  I  have 
a  copy,  there  is  noted  a  sum  "  Paide  to 
Richard  Hebdi.  .  .  .h  "  (or  perhaps  it  is 
Heidi....)  "for  makinge  ye  Horologe  at 
ye  lower  end  of  ye  Cathedrall  Church,  with 
divers  and  sundry  motions  in  it .... 
131.  6s.  8d." 

Can  any  reader  help  me  to  the  surname  of 
the  maker  of  this  horologe  ?  In  the  original 
it  is  partly  illegible.  E.  T.  MORGAN. 

Bristol  Cathedral. 

CAPT.  JOHN  KYNOCH  :  QUATRE  BRAS. — 
In  the  church  at  Waterloo  there  is  a  tablet 
inscribed  : — 

Sacred  to  the  Memory  of  Captains 
Neil  Campbell 
Duncan  Macpherson 
John  Kynoch 
John  Rowling 
Eweri  Kennedy 
and  9  Non-Commissioned  Officers 

75  privates, 

of    the  79th   Regiment  of  Highlanders 
who  fell  in  the  memorable  Battles  of  Quatre  Bras 
and  Waterloo,  16,  18  June,  1815.     In  which  actions 
were  also  wounded  of  the  same  corps  24  Officers,  375 

Non-Cqm.  officers  and  privates. 

In    testimony    of   the    valour    of     their    deceased 

brethren  in  arms  this   tablet  is  inscribed  by  the 

surviving  officers  of  the  same  regiment. 

How  sleep  the  brave  who  sink  to  rest? 

By  all  their  country's  wishes  blest. 

Can  any  correspondent  tell  me  the  place 
of  birth  and  the  parentage  of  Capt.  John 
Kynoch,  which  are  not  known  at  the  head- 
quarters of  the  regiment  ? 

Probably  a  record  could  be  found  in  the 
files  of  The  Scotsman,  or  the  newspapers  of 
Perth  and  Inverness  (where  are  depots  of 
the  regiment),  after  the  arrival  of  news  of  the 
battles  containing  lists  of  the  killed  and 
wounded. 

Adjutant  Kynoch,  appointed  19  May, 
1814,  served  in  the  Peninsular  War,  being 
wounded  at  the  battles  of  the  Pyrenees  and 
Toulouse.  He  was  killed  in  action  at  Quatre 
Bras,  16  June,  1815.  J.  K. 

Brighton. 

BURIAL  INSCRIPTIONS. — Can  any  one  in- 
form me  if  the  inscriptions  in  the  following 
burial-grounds  have  been  published  ? — 

1.  St.    George's,    Hanover   Square,   Bays- 
water  Road. 

2.  High  Street,   Lambeth. 

3.  St.  Mary's,  Paddington  Green,  church 
and  churchyard.  G.  S.  PARRY. 


DR.  THOMAS  ARNOLD  AND  '  HUMPHRY 
CLINKER.' — In  'The  Life  and  Correspond- 
ence '  of  Dean  Stanley,  by  Prothero  and 
Bradley,  2  vols.,  3rd  ed.,  1894,  chap,  iv., 
p.  65,  we  read  : — 

"He  [Arnold]  was  looking  at  something  about 
Smollett,  and  said  'Humphry  Clinker'  was  not 
thought  enough  of,  generally  ;  and  upon  my  telling; 
him  I  had  never  read  it—'  Oh  !  you  must  read 
"Humphry  Clinker";  if  you  have  not  got  it,  I 
will  lend  it  to  you.  It  is  not  too  much  to  say  that 
I  have  read  it  through  fifty  times  '—and  accordingly 
he  jumped  up  and  got  it  down  for  me." 

Can  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  say  whether 
there  is  on  record  another  instance  of 
a  schoolmaster  recommending  '  Humphry 
Clinker '  to  a  pupil  ?  It  seems  a  little 
puzzling  why  so  austere  a  moralist  as  Dr. 
Arnold  should  be  so  enthusiastic  in  its  praise. 
FREDERICK  CHARLES  WHITE. 

26,  Arran  Street,  Roath,  Cardiff. 

'  KNIGHT    OF    THE    BURNING    PESTLE  '  : 

If  you  desire  the  price,  shoot  from  your  eye 
A  beam  to  this  place  and  you  shall  espy 
F.S.,  which  is  to  say,  my  sweetest  honey, 
They  cost  me  three  and  twopence,  or  no  money. 

I.  ii. 

How  does  "  FS."  mean  three  and  two- 
pence ?  Of  what  is  it  a  contraction  ? 

P.  A.  MCELWAINE. 

'  COMUS  '  AT  COVENT  GARDEN  THEATRE. — • 

Mr.  Walter  V.  Daniell's  Catalogue  No.  1, 
New  Series,  1910,  contains  the  following 
entry  :— 

"403.    Milton,  Comus,  as  acted  at  the  Theatre 
Royal,  Covent  Garden,  Madame  Vestris'  manage- 
ment, a  neatly  written  manuscript,  4to." 
When  did  this  performance  take  place  ? 

R.  B.  P. 

'  THE  STANDARD  PSALMIST  '  :  W.  H. 
BIRCH  :  REV.  W.  J.  HALL. — I  have  recently 
had  lent  to  me  the  first  volume  of  the  above 
work,  the  title-page  of  which  is  worded  as 
follows  : — • 

"The  |  Standard  Psalmist,  |  A  Collection  of 
Tunes  I  for  |  Congregational  and  Private  Devotional 
Singing,  |  adapted  to  the  |  Rev.  W.  J.  Hall's  Selec- 
tion of  Psalms  and  Hymns  |  Arranged  for  four 
voices,  with  organ  or  pianoforte  accompaniment,  | 
by  I  W.  H  Birch,  Organist  of  Saint  Mary's 
Church,  |  Amersham.  |  Vol.  I.  I  Ent.  Sta.  Hall. 
Price  Is.  Qd.  |  London  :  |  Hall,  Virtue  and  Co.  25 
Paternoster  Row;  and  Jewell  and  Letchford,  17 
Soho  Square.  |  Amersham :  |  Published  by  W. 
Broadwater,  Letter -Press  Music  Printer,  High 
Street." 

The  book  consists  of  214  pages,  and  contains 
many  beautiful  melodies  of  the  old  composers 
without  alteration  or  amendment,  thirteen 
of  the  tunes  were  composed  for  this  work 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  28,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


349 


by  the  editor  himself,  and  three  other 
written  by  him  also  appear.  A  tune  calle< 

'  Portland  Street '  was  also  written  for  th 
collection  by  S.  W.  New,  organist  of  Littl 
Portland  Street  Chapel,  London. 

The  book  is  not  dated,  but  from  the  style 
of  the  music  and  wording  I  should  think 
it    was    published    some    time    during    the 
sixties.     Evidently  more  than  one  volum 
appeared,  for  Mr.  E.  T.  King  of   Amersham 
tells  me  that  he  has  vols.  i.  and  ii.,  and  h< 
believes  there  were  five  or  six  altogether 
Another  person   living   at   Amersham,    anc 
himself  a  native  of  the  town,  informed  me 
that  Mr.  Birch  was  the  first  organist  at  the 
parish  church,  for  before  he  came  the  singing 
was  led  by  a  string  band.     It  is  thoughl 
that  Mr.   Birch  came  to  Amersham  about 
1855,    and    continued    to    reside    here    til 
c.  1868,  when  he  removed  to  Caversham  as 
music-master,  at  Mr.  E.  West's  school.     Can 
any  reader  give  me  further  information  about 
him — when  and  where  he  was  born,  and  the 
date  of  his  death  ? 

Who  was  the  Rev.  W.  J.  Hall  who  edited 
the   '  Selection  of  Psalms  and  Hymns  '    to 
which  the  music  in  *  The  Standard  Psalmist 
is  set  ?     Was  he  a  Minor  Canon  of  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral,    and    the    same    person    who    in 
1865  was  appointed  Rector  of  St.  Clement's, 
Eastcheap,  and  was  still  Rector  there  in  1885  ? 
Any  particulars  about  him  will  be  welcome. 
L.  H.  CHAMBEBS. 

Amersham. 

BISHOP  CHIRBURY  AT  RHOSCROWTHER. — 
Among  the  incumbents  of  Rhoscrowther, 
Pembrokeshire,  occurs  "  David  Chirbury, 
presented  1451,  Ap.  14.  Bishop  of  Dromore, 
Ireland  "  (Patent  29  Henry  VI.  p.  1.  m.  9). 

I  seek  information  about  the  bishop, 
e.g.,  why  he  came  to  Rhoscrowther,  where 
he  was  buried,  &c.  R.  H.  S. 

RHOSCROWTHER,  PEMBROKESHIRE  :  IN- 
CUMBENTS.— My  list  of  incumbents  goes 
back,  with  three  blanks,  to  1324.  What 
documents  should  be  searched  for  earlier 
incumbents  ?  R.  H.  S. 

NORRIS  SURNAME. — Can  any  of  your 
readers  tell  me  the  origin  of  the  surname 
Norris,  and  when  and  where  it  is  first  met 
with  ?  W.  N.  H. 

C.  F.  LAWLER. — I  wish  to  obtain  informa- 
tion concerning  C.  F.  Lawler,  who  flourished 
at  the  end  of  the  eighteenth  century,  and  is 
credited  in  the  B.M.  Catalogue  with  the 
authorship  of  a  considerable  number  of 
pamphlets  written  under  the  assumed  name 


of  "  Peter  Pindar,"  which  name  was  the 
property  of  Dr.  John  Wolcot  the  satirist. 
Beyond  the  fact  that  he  is  noticed  in  bio- 
graphical dictionaries  of  the  time  as  the 
author  of  '  Selim,  a  Tale,'  I  can  obtain  no 
information  about  Lawler. 

H.  ROWLANDS  S.  COLDICOTT. 
69,  Cowley  Road,  Oxford. 

EDWARD  LONG  MS. — Charles  Edward 
Long,  the  grandson  of  Edward  Long  the 
historian  of  Jamaica,  quotes  at  2  S.  vii.  426 
from  a  manuscript  memoir  written  by  his 
grandfather  concerning  the  historian's  early 
life.  Can  any  one  give  me  information 
about  this  MS.  ? 

H.  ROWLANDS  S.  COLDICOTT. 

LlONS  MODELLED   BY  ALFRED    STEVENS. 

The  lions  surmounting  the  railing  round  the 
Duke  of  Wellington's  monument  in  St. 
Paul's  Cathedral  are  identical  with  those  on 
the  railing  in  front  of  the  Law  Institution  in 
Chancery  Lane.  Can  any  one  say  or  suggest 
how  this  came  about  ?  Stevens  designed 
his  lions  with  a  peculiar  frill  round  the  neck, 
and  is  thus  referred  to  in  Architecture  for 
May,  1898,  in  a  review  of  Mr.  Walter  Crane's 
book  *  The  Bases  of  Design  '  : — 

'  The  Assyrians  sculptured  their  lions  with 
carefully  marked  manes  and  faces  that  were 
ornamented  in  such  a  way  as  to  typify  strength, 
energy,  and  dignity.  Nowadays  in  sculpturing 
such  animals  there  is  a  tendency  to  embody 
photographic  accuracy,  with  the  consequent  loss 
of  the  leonine  character.  Alfred  Stevens  recog- 
nized that  weakness,  and  added  a  little  formalism 

his  lion  on  the  outer  railing  of  the  British 
Museum,  which  was  probably  unequalled  in 
modern  work — and  now  the  lion  has  been  re- 
moved." 

From  this  it  would  appear  that  the  Museum 

railings    once    bore    similar    lions.     As    the 

^aw  Institution  building  dates  from  before 

he  art  of  Stevens,  who  was  unknown  until 

ne     designed     the     Wellington     monument 

ifter  1852,  the  lions  now  in  front  of  it  could 

not  have  been  so  placed  in  the  first  instance. 

Are  they  the  lions  which  were  formerly  on 

he  British  Museum  railings,  now  transferred 

o  Chancery  Lane  ?     If  not,  what  became 

>f  those  at  the  Museum  ?  W.  B.  H. 

FELIX  SMITH  AND  Louis  XVIII. — Wil- 
iams  in  his  '  History  of  Watford,'  1884,  gives 
i  brief  account  of  one  Felix  Smith,  the  church 
•pganist,  and  narrates  the  following  incident 
oncerning  him  : — 

"  Once  he  performed  a  strange  ceremony,  the 
ccasion  being  the  return  of  Louis  XVIII.  to 
^rance  from  his  residence  near  Aylesbury. 
.mith  was  seated  at  his  door  in  the  High  Street, 
Watford,  which  was  approached  by  a  flight  of 
teps  :  he  was  armed  with  a  dagger,  which  it  was 


350 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        m  s.  iv.  OCT.  28, 1911. 


said  he  plunged  into  a  pillow  as  the  King  passed 
— a  strange  ceremony  which  was  never  properly 
explained,  but  was  thought  at  the  time  to  be 
a  token  of  membership  of  some  society  to  which 
the  King  and  he  belonged." 

Mr.  Williams' s  surmise  scarcely  seems 
probable.  Would  not  the  ceremonial  be  an 
instance  of  sympathetic  magic,  akin  to  the 
device  of  sticking  pins  in  the  victim's  effigy — 
the  pillow  in  this  instance  representing  the 
King,  and  stabbing,  the  form  of  death  it 
was  desired  to  bring  about  ? 

W.  B.  GERISH. 


NAPOLEON'S    IMPERIAL     GUARD. 

(US.   iv.   289.) 

THE  subject  of  the  REV.  E.  L.  H.  TEW'S 
query  is  rather  difficult  to  condense,  so 
intimately  is  it  connected  with  the  fortunes 
of  Napoleon. 

In  1787  the  distinguished  Gardes  de  la 
Prevote  de  1' Hotel  were  disbanded  after  an 
existence  of  550  years  from  the  time  of  St. 
Louis.  A  number  of  their  least  worthy 
members  were  subsequently  incorporated 
in  the  Garde  de  la  Convention  of  500  men 
formed  in  1793.  This  force  became  in 
1795  the  Garde  du  Directoire  (120  infantry 
and  120  cavalry),  again  changed  to  the 
Garde  Consulaire  of  over  2,000  men  at  the 
close  of  1799.  This  force  was  considerably 
augmented  between  1802-3  and  July,  1804, 
when  the  title  was  changed  to  Garde 
Imperiale. 

With  regard  to  numbers  :  the  total  of 
9,798  of  1804  gradually  increased  to  112,500 
in  1814.  Of  1,050  men  who  landed  in 
France  from  Elba  with  Napoleon  on  1  March, 
1815,  700  were  of  the  Old  Guard  and  Polish 
Lancers  (known  as  "  Escadron  Napoleon  "). 
In  the  Hundred  Days  the  Guard  numbered 
25,866  ;  the  field  state  shows  16,100  present 
at  Waterloo. 

With  regard  to  composition  :  it  com- 
prised all  arms,  viz  : — 

Old  Guard. — Grenadiers  a  pied,  Grenadiers 
a  cheval,  Chasseurs  a  pied,  Chasseurs  a 
cheval,  Dragons  de  1'Imperatrice,  Gendarmes 
a  cheval,  Lanciers  polonais,  Lanciers  rouges 
(chevau-legers),  Artilleurs  a  pied,  Artilleurs 
a  cheval,  Fusiliers-grenadiers,  Sapeurs  du 
genie,  Soldats  du  train,  Marins  de  la  garde, 
Mameloucks,  Velites,  &c. 

Young  Guard.  —  Tirailleurs  -  grenadiers, 
Tirailleurs-chasseurs,  Voltigeurs,  Flanqueurs, 
Eclaireurs,  Gardes  d'honneur,  Pupilles,  &c. 


Particular  interest  is  attached  to  such 
original  corps  as  the  Marins,  Gardes  d'hon- 
neur, Mameloucks,  Velites,  and  Pupilles. 

The  officers  were  distinguished  men  of 
professional  merit,  not  always  of  a  class 
liable  to  be  swayed  by  society  influence  in 
Paris.  All  ranks  enjoyed  substantial  privi- 
leges of  pay,  precedence,  dress,  &c.,  which 
tended  to  bind  them  strongly  to  their 
sovereign  and  commander.  At  first  the 
grand  material  offered  by  the  veterans  of 
the  armies  of  Italy  and  Egypt  justified  a 
qualifying  service  of  ten  years  and  several 
campaigns  ;  but  as  numbers  increased  this 
high  standard  was  lowered,  and  ages  and 
services  were  woefully  diminished  at  the 
end  of  1809,  after  Essling. 

The  formation  of  the  Young  Guard  of 
16,000  men  about  1811  was  no  doubt 
prompted  by  the  impression  made  on 
Napoleon  of  the  value  of  picked  bodies  of 
men  at  the  crisis  of  an  engagement,  after 
finding  himself  faced  at  Austerlitz,  Jena, 
Eylau,  and  Friedland  by  the  Imperial 
Guards  of  Russia  and  Austria  and  the 
Royal  Guard  of  Prussia.  They  wore  the 
uniform  of  the  Guard,  but  in  reality  ceased 
to  be  a  "  troupe  d' elite,"  and  were  little 
superior  to  the  line  regiments  at  whose 
expense  they  had  been  created. 

The  traditions  of  the  Garde  Imperiale 
remained  splendid  in  spite  of  deterioration 
in  physique  and  spirit  of  discipline  ;  and  the 
Bourbons  at  both  restorations  would  have 
been  wiser,  in  their  own  interests,  to  treat  the 
grand  remains  of  Napoleon's  "  Grognards  " 
with  more  consideration.  C.  HAGGARD. 

It  would  take  much  space  to  give  a  full 
account  of  Napoleon's  Guard,  but  the  follow- 
ing may  correct  some  of  the  errors  usually 
made  by  English  writers. 

Formed  originally  from  the  Guard  of  the 
Directory  and  of  the  Councils,  with  Bona- 
parte's Guides,  it  gradually  grew  till  it  became 
a  large  force.  In  1812  the  Old  Guard  had 
two  regiments  of  Chasseurs  a  pied  and  two. 
of  Grenadiers  a  pied.  For  cavalry  it  had 
one  regiment  of  Grenadiers  a  cheval,  one  of 
Chasseurs  a  cheval,  one  of  Dragoons,  and 
three  of  Chevau-Legers-Lanciers,  the  second 
of  which  was  the  famous  "  Red  Lancers." 
It  also  had  artillery  engineers,  sailors, 
gendarmerie,  train,  &c.,  a  complete  corps. 
Originally  four  campaigns  and  proof  of 
bravery  were  required  for  entrance.  It 
never  had  Hussars  ;  and,  whatever  French 
and  English  writers  say,  it  never  had 
Cuirassiers,  although  I  possess  a  French 
portrait  of  one. 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  28,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QU  EBIES. 


351 


The  Young  Guard  was  composed  of 
recruits,  at  first  picked,  but  its  cadres 
(officers,  sous-officiers,  &c.),  contrary  to  the 
English  system,  came  from  the  Old  Guard, 
young  men  joining  an  old  framework. 
The  regiments  of  the  Young  Guard  had 
numerous  names — Fusiliers,  Tirailleurs,  &c. 

A  company  of  Mameloucks  was  attached  to 
the  cavalry  of  the  Old  Guard.  In  1814 
the  total  strength  was  102,706.  The  real 
Old  Guard,  which  perished  in  Russia  and 
in  1813-14,  was  a  closely  knit  body,  with  its 
own  traditions.  That  which  the  English 
met  at  Waterloo,  composed  of  brave  old 
soldiers,  had  not  the  cohesion  of  the  original 
Guard.  The  English  had  a  mania  for  believ- 
ing they  had  met  the  Old  Guard  in  Spain, 
and  the  Cuirassiers  of  the  Guard  sweep 
through  the  pages  of  Lever  and  of  more 
serious  writers.  The  term  "  Moyenne  Garde  " 
does  not  appear  till  1815. 

R.  PHIPPS,  Colonel  late  R.A. 

Napoleon  I.  constituted  his  famous  Im- 
perial Guard  on  29  July,  1804,  the  nucleus 
being  formed  by  the  existing  Garde  Con- 
sulaire.  It  then  included  9,775  men.  In 
1804  eight  companies  of  Velites  were  added  ; 
and  in  1806  four  more  infantry  regiments 
and  a- regiment  of  dragoons.  These  were  all 
picked  veterans,  but  in  1807  the  Young 
Guard  was  formed  from  recent  recruits, 
including  a  regiment  of  Polish  Lancers,  and 
two  battalions  of  Velites  (Florence  and 
Turin).  Thus  a  century  ago  (1811-12) 
the  Guard  mustered  57,346  men.  It  con- 
tinued to  be  increased,  till  in  1813  it  num- 
bered 81,000,  and  would  have  reached  over 
100,000  had  not  Napoleon's  fall  and  exile 
cut  short  his  plans.  Resuscitated  during 
the  Cent  J  ours, 

La  garde,  espoir  supreme  et  supreme  pens£e, 
included  at  Waterloo  eighteen  infantry  and 
four  cavalry  regiments. 

It  fell  with  the  First  Empire,  to  be 
revived  with  the  Second  Empire  by  Napoleon 
III.,  and  figure  at  Magenta  and  Solferino 
before  once  more  disappearing  in  the  Metz 
and  Sedan  catastrophes.  To  this  epoch 
belong  the  famous  Cent  Gardes,  the  smaller 
personal  bodyguard  of  which  a  few  survivors 
still  linger  in  Paris — -the  Guides,  Zouaves, 
and  other  famous  corps. 

Even  under  the  present  republic  the  tra- 
dition has  to  some  slight  extent  been  pre- 
served, the  mounted  Garde  Municipale  and 
the  foot  regiment  of  the  Garde  Republicaine 
—the  "gendarmes"  of  Paris — being  the 
flower  of  the  French  army  in  physique,  long 
service,  and  good  character,  and  usually 


figuring  in  the  place  of  honour  in  such  State 
pageants  as  the  reception  of  foreign  sove- 
reigns, &c.  ANGLO-PARISIAN. 

'  The  Old  Guard,'  by  J.  T.  Headley,  Lon- 
don, 1852,  gives  a  full  history,  with  many 
illustrations  showing  events,  uniforms,  &c. 

W.  B.  H. 

[MR.  H.  B.  CLAYTON  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

NELSON:  "  MUSLE  "  (11  S.  iv.  307).— 
In  answer  to  SIR  J.  K.  LAUGHTON'S  query, 
I  may  say  that  I  have  through  life  been 
familiar  with  the  saying  "  There's  life  in  a 
mussel  !  "  It  a  favourite  expression  with 
my  mother,  who  would  quote  it  as  often 
as  she  heard  or  read  of  some  one  whom 
she  had  regarded  as  timid  or  "  simple " 
performing  a  smart  or  courageous  act.  I 
do  not  know  what  would  be  the  right  way  of 
spelling  the  final  word,  though  I  fancy  I  have 
met  with  the  saying  in  print  ;  but  I  have 
always  taken  it  for  granted  that  the  funda- 
mental idea  was  to  select  the  mollusc  as  a 
good  example  of  low  vitality. 

Another  old  saying,  somewhat  similar, 
though  not  exactly  so  in  its  meaning,  is 
"  Orson  is  endowed  with  reasons  !  "  — a 
jeering  commentary  sometimes  uttered  by 
a  bully  when  he  finds  himself  countered 
in  a  trial  of  wits  by  the  innocent  who  seemed 
such  an  easy  prey. 

HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 


le  yet 
a  lad. 


is  a 

saying  I  heard  often  enough  as  a  lad.  May 
not  "  musle  "  be  a  misprint  for  "  mule  "  ? 
I  am  not  confusing  the  phrase  with  "  There's 
life  in  the  old  dog  yet,"  a  saying  which  some 
of  the  old  folks  used  as  "  There  's  fight  in  the 
old  dog  yet."  THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

Possibly  Nelson  used  the  word  "  musle  " 
to  signify  a  loiterer.  "  Musle "  is  the 
obsolete  form  of  "  muzzle  "=  to  skulk,  to 
loiter,  and  the  expression  "  Put  some  life 
into  the  sluggard  "  is  a  common  one. 

Dickens  in  '  Pickwick  Papers  '  calls  one 
of  his  characters  "  Mr.  Muzzle." 

R.  VAUGHAN  GOWER. 
[Further  reply  next  week.] 

"  SWALE,"  ITS  AMERICAN  AND  ENGLISH 
MEANINGS  (11  S.  iv.  67,  114,  175).— At  the 
second  reference  a  correspondent  remarks 
that  "  there  does  not  seem  much  reason  to 
doubt  that  '  swale  '  =  clearing  in  the  passage 
cited."  The  difficulty  with  this  explana- 
tion is  that,  so  far  as  appears,  the  word 
"  swale  "  has  never  had  that  meaning  in  this 
country.  In  1816  J.  Pickering  remarked : 
"To  Swale  or  Sweal.  To  waste  or  blaze 


352 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [n  s.  iv.  OCT.  28, 1911. 


away.  Used  here  in  this  expression  :  The 
candle  sweals "  ('  Vocabulary,'  p.  185). 
No  American  example  of  the  word  in  this 
sense  is  known  to  the  present  writer,  though 
Pickering's  statement  may  have  been  cor- 
rect a  century  ago.  As  a  topographical 
term,  however,  the  word  has  been  used  here 
for  two  and  a  half  centuries  ;  but  as  the 
definitions  found  in  American  dictionaries 
are  not  wholly  satisfactory,  some  examples 
will  be  pertinent  : — 

"  Wm.  Mackeaney  12  loades  to  cutt  in  that 
Meadowe  where  Joseph  Skelton  did  mow  the  last 
yeare  if  so  much  may  be  had  in  that  meadowe 
within  Dedham  bounds  and  if  he  be  not  there  sup- 
plyed  he  may  cutt  in  a  place  called  the  Swale 
adjoyning  to  the  Ceacler  bwampe."— 1667,  'Dedham 
Records,'  iv.  135. 

"  The  road  is  to  be  three  rods  wide  from  the  said 
Elbougs  of  the  Wall  till  it  is  across  the  rocky  swale 
or  run."— 1783,  '  Dudley  Records,'  ii.  254. 

"  The  Sulphur  Springs  are  just  within  the  limits 
of  Farmington.  A  swale  or  valley,  of  near  a  mile 
in  extent,  affords  in  several  places  copious  springs 
of  water."— 1805,  T.  Bigelow,  '  Journal  of  a  Tour  to 
Niagara  Falls '  (1876),  p.  37. 

"Among  the  interval-lands  are  to  be  reckoned 
the  swales,  or  rich  hollows,  lying  behind  the  up- 
lands, by  which  latter  they  are  separated  from  the 
meadows.  These  hollows  are  in  levels  greatly 
raised  above  the  meadows,  and  have  not  been 
visited  by  floods  for  ages,  but  are  composed  of  bog- 
earth,  formed  by  the  long  growth  and  repeated 
decay  of  timber,  together  with  their  aptness  for 
collecting  and  detaining  water  on  their  surface.''— 
1809,  E.  A.  Kendall, '  Travels  through  the  Northern 
Parts  of  the  U.S.,'  iii,  193-4.  (Kendall  was  an 
Englishman.) 

"  Ontario  county,  as  far  as  Canandaigua  lake,  has 
a  gently  inclined  surface,  which  descends  towards 
Seneca  and  Canandigua  lakes,  and  the  Erie  canal. 
The  whole  seems  to  be  a  kind  of  plain,  rising  from 
all  of  these  lakes.  The  space  between  Geneva  and 
Canandaigua  is  mostly  composed  of  low  swales 
ranging  northerly  and  southerly."— 1829,  J.Macauley, 
'  Hist,  of  New  York,'  i.  32. 

"  Sivale,  in  the  sense  of  a  tract  of  low,  generally 
swampy,  land,  is,  in  like  manner,  an  old  word  pre- 
served in  the  remoter  districts  of  New  England  and 
some  parts  of  the  Far  West.  '  Branching  from  the 
Colorado,  near  the  mouth,  it  glides  easily  down 
across  the  desert  through  a  swale,  a  quarter  of  a 
mile  wide'  (T.  F.  Meagher  'Colorado,'  &c.)."— 1872, 
M.  S.  De  Vere,  '  Americanisms,'  p.  556. 

"  Iron  made  from  the  native  bog  ore  of  the  creeks 

and  swails  of     Two   Mile  River became   more 

valuable  than  gold."— 1884,  J.  D.  W.  Hall,  •  Ancient 
Iron  Works  in  Taunton,'  in  New  England  Hist,  and 
Gen.  Register,  xxxviii.  269. 

ALBERT  MATTHEWS. 

Boston,  U.S. 

THE  AMERICAN  NATIONAL  FLOWER  (US. 
iv.  228). — Golden-rod  (or  common  golden- 
rod),  Solidago  virgaurea,  has  been  accepted 
by  general  consent  in  recent  years  as  the 
national  flower  of  the  United  States — 
partly  as  the  result  of  a  newspaper  canvass 


widely  conducted.  No  other  striking,  dis- 
tinctive flower  is  more  widely  spread. 
Golden-rod  is  found  in  every  State  and 
Territory  of  the  Union,  and  in  a  great  variety 
of  situations  it  flourishes  vigorously  as  one 
of  the  commonest  wild  flowers.  Several 
other  flowers  have  been  suggested,  including 
the  shy  trailing  arbutus,  the  may-flower, 
and  the  dog-wood,  and  each  has  its  sup- 
porters. It  is  curious  that,  of  nearly 
twenty  species  of  golden-rod  grown  in 
Britain  as  garden  flowers,  the  only  one  in- 
digenous to  the  country  is  the  "  common  " 
golden-rod  which  has  been  chosen  for  the 
national  flower  of  America. 

H.  SNOWDEN  WARD. 
The  Authors'  Club. 

An  American  relative  tells  me  that  there 
was  a  movement  in  favour  of  adopting  the 
golden-rod  as  the  national  emblem,  but  that 
strong  opposition  was  forthcoming  from 
sufferers  from  hay-fever  through  pollen,  in 
which  this  flower  is  rich.  Its  official  adop- 
tion has  therefore  been  left  in  abeyance. 

FRANCIS  P.  MARCHANT. 

Streatham  Common. 

From  an  article  on  '  Corn  as  the  National 
Floral  Emblem,'  in  The  Dallas  News,  I  quote 
the  following  : — 

"  Recently  there  has  been  considerable  agitation 
favoring  the  suggestion  that  Indian  corn  be  made 
the  national  floral  emblem  of  the  United  States. 
The  idea  seems  to  be  meeting  with  widespread 
approbation,  and  if  the  move  continues  to  grow  as 
it  has  recently,  it  is  likely  to  become  formidable." 

QUIEN  SABE. 

Can  there  indeed  be  such  a  thing  as  an 
American  national  flower  ?  In  such  a  vast 
and  far-extending  continent  what  one 
flower  could  be  universally  accepted  as 
such  ?  When  I  was  in  California,  I  noticed 
that  beautiful  flower  the  eschscholtzia  grow- 
ing freely  in  the  open  country,  and  I  was 
told  that  was  "  the  national  or,  rather, 
State  flower."  I  think  it  likely  or  possible 
that  each  State  may  have  its  own  flower  ; 
but  if  there  be  indeed  a  national  flower, 
I  do  not  remember  ever  hearing  of  it. 

DOUGLAS  OWEN. 

'  PICKWICK  PAPERS  '  :  PRINTERS'  ERRORS 
IN  FIRST  EDITION  (US.  iv.  248,  292).— 
A  few  months  ago  Messrs.  Maggs  Brothers, 
the  well-known  Strand  booksellers,  adver- 
tised in  one  of  their  catalogues  a  copy  of  the 
first  issue  of  *  Pickwick  '  in  parts,  and  gave 
a  full  bibliographical  description  of  the 

nuliarities  which  distinguished  that  issue, 
o  not  myself  possess  a  copy  of  that  issue 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  28,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


353 


in  parts,  but  I  have  a  bound  copy,  and, 
on  comparing  it  with  the  description  given 
by  Messrs.  Maggs,  found  that  it  agreed  with 
it  in  every  particular.  I  do  not  think  that 
so  full  an  account  of  this  scarce  book  has 
been  given  in  any  bibliography  of  Dickens  ; 
and  if  this  should  meet  the  eye  of  Messrs. 
Maggs,  I  think  they  would  render  a  useful 
service  to  collectors  if,  with  the  Editor's 
permission,  they  reproduced  it  in  the  pages 
of  '  N.  &  Q.,'  instead  of  allowing  it  to  remain 
among  the  more  ephemeral  contents  of  a 
catalogue.  So  far  as  I  can  judge  from  the 
description  given  by  MB.  ROBERT  PIER- 
POINT,  the  two  copies  of  '  Pickwick  '  in  his 
possession  with  the  date  1837  on  the  title- 
page  probably  belong  to  the  first  issue. 

W.  F.  PRIDEATTX. 

An  interesting  paper  by  Mr.  Percy  Fitz- 
gerald in  The  Academy  of  the  30th  of  last 
month,  entitled  '  Pickwick  Riddles,'  dis- 
cusses the  readings  of  the  dates  1817  and 
1827,  and  explains  the  difficulties  experienced, 
by  Dickens  in  reconciling  their  connexion. 
A  second  paper  in  the  issue  of  the  7th  inst. 
deals  with  further  curious  "  noddings  " — 
as  Mr.  Fitzgerald  happily  puts  it — in  the 
book.  ROLAND  AUSTIN. 

Gloucester  Public  Library. 

In  the  first  edition  Lord  Mutanhed  at  Bath 
uses  the  highly  offensive  expletive  "  Crucify 
me."  In  a  later  edition  this  was  changed 
to  "  Crush  me  "  ;  but  it  is  now  restored  to 
its  original  form. 

The  chapter  in  which  the  scene  occurs  is 
XXXIV.  in  some  editions,  and  XXXV.  in 
others.  F.  VERISOPHT. 

HICKS  FAMILY  (11  S.  iv.  89).— I  believe 
that  the  Hicks  boys  who  went  to  West- 
minster School  were  members  of  the  well- 
known  family  of  that  name.  Let  me 
suggest  that  the  volume  of  Mrs.  W.  Hicks 
Beach  which  is  called  '  A  Cotswold  Family  ' 
should  be  consulted,  especially  pp.  256-62. 
W.  P.  COURTNEY. 

GYP'S  '  PETIT  BOB  '  :  "  ROBE  EN  TOILE  A 
VOILE"  (11  S.  iv.  170,  214). — I  am  much 
obliged  to  ST.  SWITHIN  for  his  kind  attempt 
to  solve  the  problem  ;  possibly  the  garment 
was  an  overall,  or  a  tunic.  But  did  tunics 
exist  then  ?  I  think  that  in  England 
they  were  not  reintroduced  until  a  much 
later  date.  On  the  other  hand,  overalls 
certainly  were  used  in  the  early  eighties  ; 
I  remember  wearing  a  brown  holland  one, 
although  I  do  not  think  that  I  still  did  so 
when  I  was  eight.  But  the  practice  differs 


very  much  in  different  families.  Last 
year,  when  I  asked  a  small  boy  of  six  if  he 
wore  overalls,  he  replied  with  obvious 
surprise,  "  O  no  !  Don't  you  think  I'm  too 
old  ?  "  When  I  informed  him  that  I  knew 
a  boy  who  was  still  in  overalls  at  ten,  he 
smiled  sweetly,  and  ejaculated,  "  Rats  !  " 

But  if  the  robe  were  merely  an  overall 
to  keep  Bob's  clothes  clean,  ST.  SWITHIN  does 
not  explain  why  the  boy  had  to  be  careful 
"  pas  faire  de  taches  a  sa  robe."  It  is  true 
that  I  have  heard  of  an  unfortunate  boy 
who,  when  nine  years  old,  had  not  only 
to  wear  overalls,  but  at  meals  had  also  to 
wear  a  bib  to  keep  his  overall  clean  ;  I  have, 
however,  always  looked  on  this  as  a  unique 
instance  of  parental  carefulness.  Again, 
though  eight  seems  an  unlikely  age  for  frocks, 
if  he  were  not  in  petticoats  I  do  not  see  why 
Bob  should  not  be  allowed  to  "  mettre  mes 
jambes  en  Fair."  I  am  afraid  that  my  ideas 
of  "la  tenue  "  are  lax,  for  I  see  no  objection 
to  a  boy  standing  on  his  head  or  turning 
somersaults — a  delightful  occupation  when 
one  is  young  and  supple. 

I  suppose  that  "  holland  "  is  not  a  possible 
translation  for  toile  a  voile. 

G.  H.  WHITE. 

St.  Cross,  Harleston,  Norfolk. 

SPANISH  MOTTO  (11  S.  iv.  290,  338).— 
The  translation  of  "La  cabra  ha  tornado  la 
granada  "  is  "  The  goat  has  taken  the  pome- 
granate." This  would  appear  to  refer  to 
Don  Diego  Fernandez  de  Cordova,  second 
Count  of  Cabra,  and  to  Boabdil,  el  Chico, 
Moorish  King  of  Granada,  the  State  ex- 
emplified armorially  by  a  pomegranate. 

In  1843  Boabdil  was  taken  prisoner  after 
the  battle  of  Lucena,  in  which  the  Spanish 
forces  were  commanded  by  the  Count  of 
Cabra.  In  memory  of  this  achievement, 
the  actual  capture  of  Boabdil  being  disputed 
between  them,  the  old  Count  of  Cabra,  lord 
of  Baena,  and  the  young  Alcaide  of  Los 
Donceles,  lord  of  Comares  (representatives 
of  the  second  and  third  lines  of  the  great 
house  Fernandez  de  Cordova),  quartered  in 
their  arms  the  bust  of  the  Moorish  King  of 
Granada  in  chains,  surrounding  the  whole 
achievement  with,  in  trophy,  the  twenty- 
two  flags  captured  from  the  Moors  at  Lucena. 
Comares  also  took  for  motto  "  Omnia  per 
ipso  facta  sunt,"  a  claim  to  which  Cabra  re- 
torted with  "  Sine  ipso  factum  est  nihil." 

The  whole  story  is  resumed  by  Fernandez 
de  Bethencourt  in  his  *  Historia  genealogica 
de  la  monarquia  espanola,'  &c.,  vol.  vii.  44- 
50.  To  decide  the  truth  of  either  claim  to 
Boabdil' s  capture  is  impossible,  but  it 


354 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        m  s.  iv.  OCT.  -28, 1911. 


appears  probable  that  the  Alcaide's  men 
effected  it,  Cabra,  Marshal  of  Castile,  being 
in  supreme  command.  The  authority  men- 
tioned states  (p.  44)  that  the  troops  which 
encountered  the  Moorish  king,  after  he 
abandoned  the  siege  of  Lucena — where  the 
Alcaide  had  been  shut  up — marched  under 
the  banner  of  the  Count's  town  of  Cabra,  not 
that  of  (his  lordship)  Baena. 

According  to  Washington  Irving  ('  Con- 
quest of  Granada,'  cap.  xv.),  whose  authority 
was,  of  course,  Antonio  de  Agapida, 
* '  the  Co\mt  discovered  that,  in  the  hurry  of  his 
departure  from  home,  he  had  forgotten  to  bring 
the  standard  of  Vaena,  which  for  upwards  of 
eighty  years  had  always  been  borne  to  battle  by 
his  family.... He  took,  therefore,  the  standard 
of  Cabra,  the  device  of  which  is  a  goat  and  which 
had  not  been  in  the  wars  for  the  last  half -century." 

According  to  this  version  also  (cap.  xvi.), 
it  was  to  the  young  Diego  Fernandez  de 
Cordova,  Alcaide  of  Los  JJonceles  (lord  of 
Comares),  that  Boabdil  surrendered. 

This  Count  of  Cabra  died  in  1487  ;  the  sig- 
nature of  his  eldest  son,  successor,  and  name- 
sake is  among  the  first  appended  to  the 
capitulation  deed  of  the  city  of  Granada  at 
its  fall  in  1491.  SICILE. 

MILITARY  EXECUTIONS  (11  S.  iv.  8,  57, 
98,  157,  193,  237,  295).— MR.  CHARLES  S. 
BTJRDON  states  that  during  the  South 
African  War,  "  although  the  death  penalty 
was  awarded  several  times  by  courts- 
martial  to  British  soldiers ....  this  was 
invariably  commuted  by  the  G.O.C.  to  penal 
servitude,"  &c.  It  will,  however,  be  re- 
membered that  three  officers  of  the  Aus- 
tralian contingent  were  shot  by  sentence  of  a 
court-martial,  held  under  the  orders  of  Lord 
Kitchener,  for  the  murder  of  a  Boer  prisoner. 

The  last  execution  of  an  English  regular 
soldier  for  a  military  offence  was  that  which 
took  place  in  1861  or  1862  shortly  after  the 
amalgamation  of  the  local  European  force 
in  India  with  the  British  Army.  There  was 
a  good  deal  of  discontent  with  the  terms  of 
re-enlistment,  &c.,  and  this  at  last  cul- 
minated in  open  mutiny.  Sir  Hugh  Rose, 
who  was  then  Commanuer-in-Chief  in  India, 
thought  the  time  had  come  to  make  an  ex- 
ample, and  an  unfortunate  soldier  had  to 
pay  the  penalty.  I  was  then  a  young  officer 
serving  in  India,  and  the  incident  naturally 
made  a  great  impression  on  rne. 

W.  F.  PRIDEATJX. 

LEARNED  HORSES  (11  S.  iv.  285). — How 
did  Banks's  horse  get  to  the  top  of  St.  Paul's 
to  "  override  the  vane  "  ?  I  imagine  by 
means  of  inclined  planes,  which  may  have 


been  attached  to  the  scaffolding  used  in 
rebuilding  the  spire  ;  for  I  think  I  am  right 
in  saying  that  the  damage  done  by  lightning 
to  that  lofty  erection  had  not  been  made 
up  for  when  Morocco  was  famous.  How- 
ever, there  is  in  Hone's  '  Table  Book ' 
(p.  540)  a  passage  from  Malcolm's  '  Manners 
of  Europe  '  which  makes  me  doubt  my  own 
rationalistic  explanation  of  the  marvel : — 

"On  the  last  day  of  February,  1680 a  pers9n 

adorned  in  a  tinsel  riding  habit,  haying  a  gilt 
helmet  on  his  head  and  holding  in  his  right  hand  a 
lance,  in  his  left  a  helmet  [?]  made  of  a  thin  piece  of 
plate  gilded,  and  sitting  upon  a  white  horse,  with  a 
swift  pace  ambled  up  a  rope  six  hundred  feet  long, 
fastened  from  the  quay  to  the  top  of  St.  Mark  s 
tower  [Venice].  When  he  had  arrived  half  way,  his 
tinsel  coat  fell  off,  and  he  made  a  stand,  and,  stoop- 
ing his  lance  submissively,  saluted  the  doge  sitting 
in  the  palace,  and  flourished  the  banner  three  times 
over  his  head.  Then,  resuming  his  former  speed, 
he  went  on,  and,  with  his  horse,  entered  the  tower 
where  the  bell  hangs  ;  and  presently  returning  on 
foot,  he  climbed  up  to  the  highest  pinnacle  ot  the 
tower ;  where  sitting  on  the  golden  angel  he 
nourished  his  banner  again  several  times.  This 
performed,  he  descended  to  the  bell-tower;  and 
there  taking  horse  rode  down  again  to  the  bottom 
in  like  manner  as  he  had  ascended,"  i.e.,  on  the  rope. 

ST.   SWITHIN. 

A  contribution  from  Pepys's  Diary  may 
be  added  to  the  information  already  given — 
on  1  September,  1668  :— 

"To  Bartholomew  Fair,  and  there  saw the 

Mare  that  tells  money,  and  many  things  to  admira- 
tion." 

On  7  September  : — 

"  Saw  the  dancing  mare  again,  which  to-day  I  find 
to  act  much  worse  than  the  other,  she  forgetting 
many  things." 

For  the  wonderful  horse  of  the  year  1595» 
with  an  illustration,  see  Chambers' s  '  Book 
of  Days,'  i.  225.  TOM  JONES. 

D' Israeli  in  the  '  Curiosities  of  Literature  ' 
(George  Koutledge  &  Sons,  1865),  vol.  i. 
p.  169,  states  :— 

"  A  horse  that  had  been  taught  to  tell  the  spots 
upon  cards,  the  hour  of  the  day,  &c.,  by  significant 
tokens,  was,  together  with  his  owner,  put  into  the 
Inquisition  for  both  of  them  dealing  with  the 
devil ! " 

HUGH  S.  MACLEAN. 

Bury. 

"  OLD  CLEM  "  :  '  GREAT  EXPECTATIONS  ' 
(11  S.  iv.  289). — The  Folk-lore  Journal, 
vol.  ii.  (1884),  contains,  pp.  321-9,  a  valuable 
paper  by  Mr.  Frederick  E.  Sawyer  on  '  "  Old 
Clem  "  Celebrations  and  Blacksmiths'  Lore.' 
In  it  is  a  legend  taken  down  by  a  Steyning 
doctor  from  the  lips  of  a  Sussex  blacksmith, 
embodying  the  song  of  '  The  Jolly  Black- 
smith,' the  words  of  which,  says  Mr.  Sawyer 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  28,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


355 


in  a  note,  "  have  been  supplied  by  several 
Sussex  correspondents,  and  the  version  now 
given  is  corrected  and  collated  from  four 
versions  slightly  differing."  As  the  "  Old 
Cole  "  of  the  song  was  "  Old  Clem  "  in  one 
version,  it  is  not  improbable  that  the  song 
is  that  for  which  MB.  PAGE  inquires.  The 
words  are  : — 

THE  JOLLY  BLACKSMITH. 

Here's  a  health  to  the  jolly  Blacksmith, 

The  best*  of  all  fellows, 
Who  works  at  his  anvil 
While  the  boy  blows  the  bellows  ; 
For  it  makes  his  bright  hammer  to  rise  and  to  fall, 
;Says  the  Old  Colef  to  the  Young  Cole,  and  the 
Old  Cole  of  all. 

Chorus. 
Twankie    dillo,  twankie   dillo,    dillo,   dillo, 

dillo,  dillo,  dillo. 

With  a  roaring  pair  of  bagpipes   made  of 
the  green  willow. 

:2.  If  a  gentleman  call  his  horse  for  to  shoe, 
He  makes  no  denial  to  one  pot  or  two  ; 
For  it  makes  his  bright  hammer,  &c. 
Chorus. 

3.  Here's  a  health  to  the  pretty  girl  the  one  he 

loves  best. 

She  kindles  a  firet  all  in  his  own  breast 
Which  makes  his  bright  hammer,  &c. 
Chorus. 

4.  Here's  a  health  to  King  George  and  likewise 

his  Queen, 
And  all    the  Royal    Family  wherever   they're 

seen, 
Which  makes,  &c.  Chorus. 

The  music  of  the  song  is  also  given,  on 
which  Mr.  Sawyer  comments  : — 

"  The  spirited  music,  which  is  traditional,  and 
does  not  occur  in  Chappell's  '  Popular  Music  of 
the  Olden  Time,'  was  kindly  written  down  by 
Mr.  Samuel  Willett  of  Cuckfield,  Sussex,  and  is 
confirmed  by  several  Sussex  people." 

G.  L.  APPEBSON. 
Oakdene,  Haywards  Heath,  Sussex. 

ESSAY  ON  THE  THEATBE,  c.  1775  :  R. 
CTJMBEBLAND  (11  S.  iv.  247,  315).— Many 
thanks  to  MB.  CUBBY  for  his  information  as 
to  the  '  Essay  on  the  Theatres,'  but  I  much 
regret  that  it  is  not  the  Essay  that  I  am 
searching  for.  My  authority  for  my  asser- 
tions is  no  less  a  person  than  R.  Cumberland 
himself.  He  refers  to  this  '  Essay  on  the 
Theatre  '  in  the  "  Dedication  "  attached  to 
the  printed  copy  of  his  comedy  '  The 
Choleric  Man,'  and  speaks  of  it  in  the  follow- 
ing terms  : — 

"  Some  learned  animadversions  of  yours, 
entitled  an  '  Essay  on  the  Theatre  ' — in  which 
you  profess  to  draw  a  Comparison  between 


*  •"  Prince  "  in  one  version. 

t  "  Clem  "  in  one  version. 

£  One  version  gives  it  "  carries  a  fire." 


Laughing  and  Sentimental  Comedy,  and  in  which 
you  are  pleased  evidently  to  point  some  obser- 
vations at  my  comedy  of  '  The  Fashionable 
Lover.'  " 

There  must  be  also  some  allusions  to  ancient 
comedy  in  the  anonymous  (probably  Grub 
Street)  pamphlet  or  article  alluded  to,  for 
Cumberland  goes  on  to  give  "  Detraction  " 
some  hard  slaps  in  the  face  as  to  his  acquaint- 
ance "  with  the  comic  writers  of  antiquity." 

As  '  The  Fashionable  Lover  '  was  played 
for  the  first  time  on  20  January,  1772,  the 
Essay  cannot  well  have  been  written  before 
this  date.  The  first  three  editions  of  '  The 
Choleric  Man '  were  published  before  the 
autumn  of  1775,  so  that  the  date  I  gave 
is  probably  correct.  The  edition  of  this 
play  published  in  Bell's  "  British  Theatre  " 
is  dated  1793,  and  that  seems  to  have  been 
the  next  edition  after  that  of  1775  ;  it  is 
hardly  likely  that  Cumberland  would  have 
waited  eleven  years  before  replying  to  his 
anonymous  detractor.  E.  H. 

Strassburg. 

CEYLON  OFFICIALS  :  CAPT.  T.  A.  ANDEB- 
SON  (US.  iv.  268,  313). — I  am  much  obliged 
to  the  REV.  DB.  PENNY  for  having  endea- 
voured to  assist  me  in  my  inquiries,  but, 
having  spent  nearly  thirty-three  years  in  the 
Ceylon  Civil  Service,  I  am  aware  of  the 
circumstances  attending  the  capture  of  the 
Dutch  possessions  in  Ceylon,  and  the  employ- 
ment of  Madras  officials  for  some  years  in  the 
island.  Such  were  Robert  Andrews,  Josiah 
Du  Pres  Alexander,  Robert  Alexander, 
Arthur  Garland  Blake,  Thomas  Eraser, 
Frederick  Gahagan,  George  Garrow,  George 
Gregory,  Joseph  Greenhill,  John  Jervis, 
Joseph  Kerby,  and  John  McDouall,  to 
whom  must  now  be  added  John  Angus  and 
J.  H.  Harington.  This,  I  think,  completes 
the  list. 

The  family  of  Capt.  Anderson,  if  any 
representatives  of  it  exist,  has  probably 
some  record  of  him ;  but  I  particularly 
wish  for  information  as  to  his  family,  and 
also  as  to  the  family  of  John  Angus. 

PENBY  LEWIS. 

Thomas  Ajax  Anderson,  who  was  born  in 
1783,  held  the  following  commissions:  Ensign, 
19th  Foot,  15  July,  1799  ;  Lieutenant, 
17  November,  1801  ;  Captain,  4  October, 
1809.  Half -pay  of  60th  Foot,  8  April,  1819. 

He  probably  served  in  the  wars  of  1803-4 
and  1815  and  the  rebellion  of  1818,  as  he 
alludes  to  all  these  campaigns  in  his  '  Wan- 
derer in  Ceylon  '  poems.  He  died  8  January, 
1824.  M.  L.  FEBBAB,  late  19th  Foot. 


356 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         tn  s.  iv.  OCT.  23, 1011. 


The  date  of  the  commission  of  Thomas 
Ajax  Anderson  as  ensign  in  the  19th  Foot 
was  15  July,  1799  ;  and  as  captain,  23  March, 
1807.  He  is  mentioned  in  Dr.  Henry 
Marshall's  '  Ceylon,'  London,  1846,  p.  144. 
In  the  Army  List  of  1803  his  name  is  printed 
"  Henderson,"  both  in  the  list  of  officers 
of  the  19th  and  in  the  index.  W.  S. 

MR.  STOCK,  BIBLIOPHILE,  1735  (11  S.  iv. 
307). — The  story  given  by  MB.  ROBERTS 
is  told  in  chap.  v.  of  William  Blades's 
'  Enemies  of  Books,'  on  the  authority  of 
Edmond  Werdet  ( ?  in  his  '  Histoire  du  Livre 
en  France,'  Paris,  1851).  The  date  is  1775 
(not  1735),  and  the  purchaser  is  described 
as  "  Mr.  Stark,  a  well-known  London  book- 
seller." It  seems  almost  too  much  of  a 
coincidence  that  in  a  similar  story,  in  which 
a  gardener  and  old  books  figure,  and  which 
Mr.  Blades  tells  immediately  before  the 
above,  on  the  authority  of  a  letter  from  the 
Rev.  C.  F.  Newmarsh  to  S.  R.  Maitland, 
the  scene  being  near  Gainsborough  and  the 
year  1844,  we  read  of  "  Stark,  a  very  in- 
telligent bookseller." 

My  copy  of  '  The  Enemies  of  Books  '  is 
Elliot  Stock's  1896  edition  ;  but  the  refer- 
ence may  perhaps  be  of  help  to  MR.  ROBERTS. 
EDWARD  BENSLY. 

AUTHORS  or  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (11  S. 
iv.  309). — 

If  thou  do  ill,  the  joy  fades,  not  the  pains  ; 

If  well,  the  pain  doth  fade,  the  joy  remains. 
The  lines  quoted  by  MR.  MYNOTT  are  from 
George  Herbert  at  the  end  of  his  '  Church 
Porch.'  The  idea  has  been  traced  back  to 
Cato  and  Musonius,  and  my  late  old  friend 
Dr.  W.  A.  Greenhill  several  times  printed, 
in  leaflets  and  otherwise,  a  collection  of 
parallel  passages  with  the  heading  '  The 
Contrast  :  Right  or  Wrong.'  I  may  refer 
to  the  second  edition  of  'Annals  of  the 
Bodleian  Library,'  1890,  pp.  53-4. 

W.  D.  MACRAY. 

[C.  C.  B.,  Miss  E.  JACOB,  MR.  W.  B.  KINGS- 
FORD,  and  A.  E.  T.  also  thanked  for  replies.] 

"  I     AM     PAID      REGULAR     WAGES  "  :       THE 

PASSIVE  WITH  AN  OBJECT  (US.  iv.  287). 

Grammarians  may  be  grateful  to  DR. 
KRUEGER  for  calling  attention  to  a  solecism 
which  has  become  of  late  distressingly  fre- 
quent. The  sentence  which  he  quotes, 
"  I  was  given  him  by  his  father,"  exemplifies 
its  commonest  and  most  offensive  form; 
and  his  explanation  that  it  arose  originally 
from  a  misconception  of  the  old  English 
me  WCBS  gegiefen  is  plausible.  The  rule  seems 
to  be  that  while  the  direct  object  of  a  verb 


transitive  becomes  the  subject  of  that  verb 
when  thrown  into  the  passive  form,  its 
indirect  object  can  never  assume  this  place. 
Such  a  phrase  as  "  The  envoy  was  given  his 
instructions "  ought  to  be  altered  by  an 
editor  or  queried  by  a  reader.  So  with 
most,  but  not  all,  of  the  other  instances 
suggested  by  DR.  KRUEGER.  "  I  was  told  a 
curious  anecdote  "  ;  "  He  was  accorded,  or 
refused,  or  allowed,  a  place  of  honour  "  ; 
"  We  were  offered,  promised,  afforded, 
a  safe  conduct  "  ;  "I  was  made  amends"  ; 
"  He  was  shown  more  mercy  than  he  de- 
served," should  be  scored  with  the  nigrum 
theta  as  at  once  ungrammatical  and  illogical. 
Perhaps  the  remaining  phrases — "  She  is 
paid  a  pound  a  week"  ;  "I  was  taught 
good  manners  at  school  "  ;  "  They  were 
pardoned  all  except  their  great  offences  " 
— may  be  treated  as  ellipses  :  paid  by^  a 
pound  a  week  ;  instructed  in  good  manners  ; 
pardoned  of  their  offences.  But  as  one  of 
those  to  whom  your  correspondent  appeals, 
I  answer  that  the  remaining  constructions 
which  he  impugns  should  be  condemned  as 
wholly  illegitimate  ;  and  that  it  behoves  all 
grammarians  to  protest  against,  and  where 
possible  to  expunge,  them.  ORBILIUS. 

The  passive  construction  with  an  object 
appears  strictly  correct,  if  judged  by  the 
analogy  of  Latin.  In  the  case  of  some  Latin 
verbs  we  can  have  a  double  accusative  in  the 
active  construction  ;  thus,  "  Interrogo  Cice- 
ronem  sententiam,"  "  I  ask  Cicero  his 
opinion."  In  the  passive  construction  "  the 
accusative  of  the  thing  remains"  ('Public 
Schools  Latin  Primer'):  "Cicero  interro- 
gatus  sententiam  dixit,"  &c.,  "  Cicero,  being 
asked  his  opinion,  said,"  &c.  See  Madvig's 
Latin  Grammar,  translated  by  Woods, 
5th  ed.,  §  228.  It  is  impossible,  therefore, 
to  say  that  the  construction  in  question  is 
otherwise  unheard  of  in  grammar.  I  would 
suggest  that  the  English  passive  construc- 
tion "I  was  given  her,"  following  on  the 
active  construction  "  gave  her  to  me," 
is  an  imitation  and  extension  of  the  above 
passive  construction. 

With  regard  to  the  restriction  of  the  con- 
struction in  question  to  a  small  number  of 
verbs,  it  may  be  worth  noting  that  in  Latin 
the  construction  is  likewise  confined  to  a 
small  number  of  verbs,  corresponding  (but 
very  roughly)  to  the  description  of  verbs 
mentioned  by  DR.  KRUEGER  :  see  Madvig 
as  above.  I  do  not  see  how,  in  the  light 
of  Latin,  it  can  be  doubted  that  the  word 
after  the  predicate  is  an  object. 

NICHOLAS  GELL. 


ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  28,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


JONATHAN  WILD'S  "  GHOST  "  (11  S.  iv. 
308). — One  appears  to  detect  in  the  passage 
quoted  by  MB.  ROBBINS  a  certain  ribald 
note,  but  it  is  natural  that  with  the  super- 
stitious there  should  arise  a  belief  in  the 
ghosts  of  those  who  have  not  been  safely 
put  under  the  ground.  MB.  BOBBINS  is 
probably  aware  that  Jonathan  Wild's  body 
wai  handed  over  to  surgeons  for  dissection 
immediately  after  the  execution  at  Tyburn, 
and  not  buried  in  the  ordinary  way. 

"  London,  May  26. — Yesterday  Jonathan  Wild, 
Robert  Sperry,  William  Sandford,  and  Robert 
Harpham,  were  executed  at  Tyburn.  The  Mob 
discover' d  a  most  surprizing  Satisfaction  When 
they  were  assured  Wild  was  to  suffer  ;  for,  at  his 
coming  into  the  Cart  at  Newgate,  they  set  up  the 
loudest  Shouts  and  Huzzas  that  ever  Was  heard, 
which  were  continued  all  the  Way  to  the  Place  of 
Execution.  A  Temper  very  uncommon,  and, 
indeed,  very  unbecoming,  on  so  melancholy  an 
Occasion.  In  Holborn  he  had  his  Head  broke 
by  a  Stone  thrown  from  a  Window,  so  that  the 
Blood  ran  down  him  ;  and  other  Insults  of  a 
barbarous  Nature  were  offered  to  him.  Having, 
the  Night  before,  taken  a  great  Quantity  of 
Liquid  Laudanum  to  dispatch  himself  ;  he  died 
stupifled  and  insensible.  His  Body  was  carried 
off  by  the  Surgeons." — Daily  Journal,  No.  1359, 
May,  1725. 

"  Last  Sunday  Morning  there  was  found  upon 
the  White-hall  Shore,  in  St.  Margaret's  Parish, 
the  Skin,  Flesh  and  Entrails  (without  any  Bones) 
of  a  human  Body  ;  the  Coroner  and  Jury  that 
sat  upon  it,  ordered  it  to  be  bury'd,  Which  was 
done  on  Tuesday  last,  in  the  Burying  Ground  for 
the  Poor,  and  the  Surgeon  who  attended  them, 
gave  it  as  his  Opinion,  that  it  could  be  no  other 
than  the  Remains  of  a  dissected  Body.  It  was 
observed  that  the  Skin  of  the  Breast  was  hairy, 
from  whence  People  Conjecture  it  to  be  part  of  the 
renowned  Jonathan  Wild." — Daily  Journal,  No. 
1369,  Saturday,  5  June,  1725. 

Alexander  Smith,  whose  '  Life  '  of  Wild 
was  issued  the  year  after  Wild  was  hanged, 
appears  uncertain  as  to  what  ultimately 
became  of  Wild's  body:  — 

"  Never  did  any  Malefactor  die  so  much  un- 
pitied  as  this  Fellow  ;  his  untimely  End  was 
unlamented  by  all ;  every  Body  rejoyced  to  see 
him  dancing  between  Heaven  and  Earth,  as  un- 
worthy of  either ;  and  when  his  detestable 
Carcass  was  cut  down,  so  outragious  were  the 
Rabble,  that  they  had  certainly  De-Witted  it, 
or  torn  him  to  peices,  but  that  it  was  by  a  Strata- 
gem of  his  Widow  brought  away  by  two  Surgeons, 
who  pretended  they  had  an  Order  to  fetch  his 
Body  to  their  Hall  to  Anatomize  it ;  which  upon 
this  Account  was  deliever'd  to  them,  and  they 
again  deliever'd  it  to  them  that  Were  to  Inter  it." 
— Capt.  Alex.  Smith's  '  Memoirs  of  the  Life  and 
Times  of  the  Famous  Jonathan  Wild,'  &c.,  London, 
1726,  8vo,  p.  22. 

"  Where  he  was  Buried  we  cannot  learn,  for 
the  Funeral  Obsequies  were  privately  perform'd, 
least  the  Mob  knowing  where  he  lies,  they  should 
go  and  pull  him  Head  and  Shoulders  out  of  his 
Grave "—Ibid.,  p.  23. 


Wild  was  himself  a  constant  advertiser 
in  the  newspapers  during  the  early  years  of 
the  eighteenth  century.  I  have  seen  collec- 
tions of  his  advertisements,  and  the  an- 
nouncement quoted  by  MB.  ROBBINS  reads 
almost  like  a  parody  of  one  of  Wild's  own 
advertisements,  and  may  have  been  inserted 
by  some  enemy  jubilant  at  Wild's  being  now 
put  out  of  the  way.  The  bitterness  against 
Wild  can  hardly  now  be  realized,  but  can 
be  partly  understood  by  such  a  paragraph 
as  the  following  : — 

"  I  shall  here  take  Notice,  that  every  Execution- 
Day,  Jonathan  being  mounted  on  Horse-Back, 
he  would  in  great  Triumph  ride  a  little  before  the 
Criminals  that  were  going  to  die,  and  at  some 
Taverns  in  the  Way  call  for  half  a  Pint  of  Wine, 
telling  the  People  about  him,  with  the  greatest 
Exultation,  and  Joy  imaginable,  that  some  of  his 
Children  were  coming,  they  were  just  behind  : 
So  when  he  went  deservedly  to  be  hang'd,  several 
Thieves  went  a  little  before  the  Cart,  telling 
People,  their  Father  was  coming,  he  's  just 
behind." — Smith's  '  Life,'  p.  24. 

If  the  Bury  Street  referred  to  is  Bury  Street, 
St.  James's,  it  seems  a  curious  coincidence 
that  a  more  famous  Jonathan — Jonathan 
Swift — had  in  this  same  month  and  year 
(February,  1726)  arrived  from  Ireland  on  a 
visit,  and  was  then  living  in  Bury  Street. 
Was  the  announcement  quoted  by  MB. 
ROBBINS  a  joke  ?  A.  L.  HUMPHBEYS. 

187,  Piccadilly,  W. 

PTJBVIS  SUBNAME  (11  S.  iv.  290). — The 
O.F.  pour-  and  pro-  are  identical  ;  so  I 
suppose  that  Purvis  is  another  form  of 
Provis.  Bardsley  equates  Provis  with 
Provost,  .but  I  doubt  the  connexion. 

I  suggest  that  Purvis  and  Provis  both 
represent  a  Lat.  adj.  prouisus.  The  adv. 
proulso,  prudently,  occurs  in  Tacitus  ;  so 
that  prouisus  meant  "prudent,"  and  could 
easily  be  an  epithet  or  surname,  like  our 
Wise.  Godefroy's  '  Old  French  Dictionary  ' 
has :  "  Provis,  part,  passe,  prevoyant." 
That  is  to  say,  the  form  is  that  of  a  past 
participle,  but  the  sense  is  "  provident  "  or 
"  prudent."  He  cites  the  following  example 
from  a  MS.  of  the  '  Catholicon  '  :  "  Cir- 
cumspectus,  sages,  provis." 

This  seems  to  give  all  that  we  want. 

WALTEB  W.  SKEAT. 

One  of  the  name  tells  me  that  Purvis, 
Purviss,  Purves,  are  various  spellings  used 
during  the  past  by  the  same  family.  My 
informant's  family  is  Scottish,  the  last  few 
generations  living  as  seafaring  folk  on 
the  east  coast,  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Arbroath. 


358 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s,  iv.  OCT.  28,  mi. 


In  France  "  Puvis  "  is  met  with,  as  in 
Puvis  de  Chavannes  the  painter,  and  is 
supposed  to  be  derived,  or  vice  versa,  from 
Purvis. 

In  the  Chino-Japanese  War  the  Chinese 
cruiser  Chi-yuen  had  as  engineer  an  English- 
man named  Purvis.  The  crippled  Chi- 
yuen  made  a  valiant  attempt  to  ram  the 
Yoshino,  but  sank  in  the  attempt,  Purvis 
going  down  with  his  ship. 

WILLIAM  BRADBROOK. 

Bletchley. 

Lower  wrote  in  his  '  Patronymica  Bri- 
tannic a  '  : — 

"  According  to  the  account  given  in  B.  L.  G. 
[Burke's  '  Landed  Gentry '],  the  Purvises  of 
Darsham,  co.  Suffolk,  originated  from  the  family 
of  Purvis  '  of  that  Ilk  '  in  Scotland.  '  That 
Ilk,'  however,  does  not  seem  to  be  identified, 
although  the  name  Purveys  or  Perves  is  found  in 
ancient  records  of  the  Lowland  counties.  I 
think  the  name  is  more  likely  to  be  derived  from 
the  A.  Norm,  pervis  or  parvise,  which  Kelham 
defines  as  '  the  outer  court  or  palace  or  great 
house.' .  .  .  .Such  was  the  place  in  Palace-yard, 
near  Westminster  Hall,  mentioned  by  Fortescue, 
'  De  Laud.  Leg.  Ang.,'  c.  51  ;  and  Dugdale  also 
takes  notice  of  the  Pervyse  of  Paioles." 

"  Parvise  "  is  now  the  current  name  for  a 
room  over  a  church  porch,  sometimes  for 
the  porch  itself,  and  for  a  monastic  enclosure 
such  as  that  in  the  embrace  of  cloisters. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

"  WALM  "  AS  A  STREET  -  NAME  (11  S.  iv. 
290). — In  several  twelfth-century  charters 
the  name  of  the  street  in  York  now  known  as 
Walmgate  appears  as  "  Walbegate  "  and 
"  Walmagate."  These  variants  may  assist 
in  the  derivation  of  "  Walm,"  which  seems 
to  be  a  personal  name.  W.  FARRER. 

The  compiler  of  '  Eboracum,'  published 
in  York  in  1788,  propounds  a  Roman  origin 
for  this  name.  Certainly  colour  is  given  to 
the  suggestion  by  reference  to  a  plan  of  the 
city,  which  shows  Walmgate  to  be  the  only 
straight  street  of  any  length  within  the 
boundary  of  the  city  walls.  The  author 
says  : — - 

"  Walmgate  is  a  long  broad  street,  extending 
from  Foss-bridge  to  the  bar.  It  has  borne  that 
name  above  five  hundred  years,  as  appears  by 
a  grant  of  some  houses  in  it  to  the  nunnery  at 
Clementhorp,  in  the  time  of  Walter  Gray,  arch- 
bishop ;  but  this  name  is  thought  to  be  a  corrup- 
tion from  Watlingate,  where  the  Roman  road 
begun  from  York  to  Lincoln,  and  to  some  of  the 
eastern  seaports.  The  street  out  of  the  bar  was 
anciently  called  so." 

Walter  Gray  was  the  thirty-third  Arch- 
bishop, occupying  the  see  from  1217  to  1256. 

WM.  NORMAN. 


The  fact  of  "  walm  "  being  denned  as  "  a 
bubble  in  boiling "  suggests  that  some 
spring  existed  at,  or  near,  Walm  Lane, 
Cricklewood,  to  which  E.  A.  L.  presumably 
refers  :  hence  its  title.  CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 
[MR.  T.  SHEPHERD  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

OMAR  KHAYYAM  BIBLIOGRAPHY  (11  S.  iv, 
328). — I  find  that  I  omitted  from  my  list 
the  names  of  Axon,  Cowell,  Guiterman, 
Palmer,  Scott,  Siller,  and  Topakyan,  each 
of  whom  translated  into  English  some  por- 
tion of  the  '  Rubaiyat  of  Omar  Khayyam.' 

A.  G.  POTTER. 

126,  Adelaide  Road,  Hampstead,  N.WT. 

'DIVES  AND  PAUPER'  (11  S.  iv.  321).— 
Into  my  note  a  few  errors  have  crept.  On 
p.  321,  col.  2,  11.  11-9  from  foot,  the  inscrip- 
tion in  MS.  Reg.  17c.  XXI.  should  read 
"  Henricus  Parker  Monachus  qui  claruit 
Anno  D.  1470....";  on  p.  322,  col.  1,, 
1.  24,  for  "  sorwye  "  read  "  sorwe  "  ;  and 
on  p.  323,  col.  1,1.  13  from  foot,  for  "  mye  " 
read  "  nye."  Three  or  four  other  minute 
corrections  would  be  required  to  represent 
faithfully  the  originals  quoted,  but  these 
may  rest.  H.  G.  RICHARDSON. 


0n 


Specimens  of  Bushman  Folk-lore.  Collected  by 
the  late  W.  H.  I.  Bleek,  Ph.D.,  and  L.  C. 
Lloyd,  and  edited  by  the  latter.  (George 
Allen  &  Co.) 

THE  names  of  the  enthusiastic  workers  who 
amassed  this  valuable  collection  are  a  sufficient 
guarantee  that  the  utmost  patience  and  care  were 
given  to  the  undertaking.  The  468  pages  of  the 
volume  contain  mythology,  legends,  songs,  and 
narratives,  accompanied  by  an  English  transla- 
tion, which  renders  the  original  idiom  as  closely 
as  possible. 

A  perusal  of  the  book  leaves  the  reader  in 
saddened  sympathy  with  the  race  of  pygmies, 
•who  formerly  held  their  own  among  the  fiercest 
and  the  most  gigantic  animals  of  South  Africa. 
Till  the  successive  appearance  of  the  Hottentot, 
the  pitiless  Bantu,  and  the  still  more  deadly 
white  man,  the  little  yellow  dwarfs,  armed  with 
poisoned  arrows,  found  life  a  good  thing  in  the 
land  of  lions,  leopards,  and  huge  pachyderms. 
Progressive  races  are  apt  to  be  ill  at  ease  in  their 
environment,  since  they  are  continually  modifying 
the  world  around  them,  with  the  result  that  they 
never  become  fully  adapted  to  it.  During  the  period, 
of  quite  unknown  length,  when  the  Bushman  had 
his  country  to  himself,  he  seems  to  have  grown 
admirably  fitted  to  surroundings  which  it  was 
beyond  his  power  to  alter  to  any  great  degree. 
Stress  of  circumstances  moulded  him  until  he  was 
mentally  and  physically  adjusted  to  the  position 


n  s.  iv.  OCT.  28,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


359 


which  he  had  to  occupy.  Like  the  Australian 
black  and  the  Eskimo,  he  filled  his  place  in  the 
natural  order  of  things  exactly. 

Childlike  as  he  is  said  to  have  been  in  all  matters 
not  connected  with  immediate  bodily  wants,  he 
had  a  skill  and  cunning  in  gaining  the  necessities 
of  life  which  could  not  well  be  surpassed.  In  fair- 
ness, too,  it  ought  to  be  allowed  that  he  could  at 
times  show,  himself  to  be  a  mature  human  being 
in  his  social  affections.  Some  capacity  for  self- 
sacrifice  did  exist  in  the  race.  This  is  proved 
by  a  narrative  among  the  personal  histories  given 
at  the  end  of  the  folk-lore  proper.  One  of  the 
few  surviving  members  of  the  expiring  nation, 
who  had  brought  up  a  dead  brother's  daughter, 
relates :  "  For  her  father  died,  leaving  her. 
I  was  the  one  who  Went  (and)  fetched  her,  when 
her  mother  had  just  died. .  .  .1  went  to  fetch  her 
. .  .  .while  I  felt  that  I  was  still  a  young  man, 
and  I  was  fleet  in  running  to  shoot. .  .  .She  (would) 
eat  with  my  (own)  child,  which  was  still  (an  only) 
one.  And  then  they  would  both  grow,  going  out 
from  me  (to  play  near  the  hut)  ;  because  they 
both  ate  my  game  ('  shot  things  ')."  The  feeling 
embodied  in  these  words  cannot  reasonably 
be  considered  infantile,  however  childlike  the 
speaker  may  have  been  in  most  respects. 

Again,  '  The  Story  of  the  Young  Man  of  the 
Ancient  Race,  who  was  carried  off  by  a  Lion 
when  asleep  in  the  Field,'  contains  the  elements 
of  tragedy  as  it  is  felt  by  mature  minds.  After 
he  had  escaped  for  a  time,  "  the  people  at  home  " 
made  in  their  savage  way  great  sacrifices  to  save 
him,  "  while  they  felt  that  their  heart's  young 
man  he  was."  When"  the  lion  would  not  die, 
although  the  people  were  shooting  at  it,"  they 
went  so  far  as  to  throw  children  to  the  animal, 
and  subsequently  offered  it  a  girl,  though  in  vain, 
for  the  lion  wanted  only  "  the  young  man  whose 
tears  it  had  licked."  In  such  straits  the  people, 
speaking,  said  :  '  Say  ye  to  the  young  man's 
mother  about  it,  that  she  must,  although  she  loves 
the  young  man,  she  must  take  out  the  young  man, 
she  must  give  the  young  man  to  the  lion,  even  if 
he  be  the  child  of  her  heart.  For  she  is  the  one 
who  sees  that  the  sun  is  about  to  set,  while  the  lion 
is  threatening  us  ;  the  lion  will  not  go  (and)  leave 
us  ;  for  it  insists  upon  (having)  the  young  man.' 
And  the  young  man's  mother  spoke,  she  said :  'Ye 
may  give  my  child  to  the  lion  ;  ye  shall  not  allow 
the  lion  to  eat  my  child  ;. .  .  .for  ye  shall  killing 
lay  it  upon  my  child  ;  that  it  may  die,  like  my 
child  ;  that  it  may  die  lying  upon  my  child.' .... 
And  the  lion  spoke  ;  it  said  to  the  people  about 
it,  that  this  time  was  the  one  at  which  it  would 
die  ;  for  it  had  got  hold  of  the  man  for  whom  it 
had  been  seeking  ;  it  had  got  hold  of  him  !  And 
it  died,  while  the  man  also  lay  dead  ;  it  also  lay 
dead  with  the  man."  Here,  irrational  as  the  plot 
of  the  legend  may  be,  and  simple  as  the  language 
is,  the  mental  suffering  suggested  is  that  of  men 
and  women. 

It  is  interesting  to  observe  that  in  a  few  in- 
stances Bushman  belief  has  developed  along  the 
lines  followed  by  European  folk-lore.  In  one 
myth  the  wind  is  represented  as  dwelling  in 
a  "  mountain's  hole,"  as  the  four  winds  in  Hans 
Andersen's  story,  and  in  other  legends,  live  in  a 
cave.  The  bull  in  which  rain  becomes  incarnate — 
"  he  resembled  a  bull,  while  he  felt  that  (he) 
was  the  Rain's  body  " — has  his  home  in  a  water 
pit,  and  the  pit  becomes  dry  when  it  feels  that  the 


Rain  has  gone  out.  This  conception  is  not  far 
from  that  of  the  water-bull  of  Scotch  streams 
and  lochs. 

The  South  African  pygmy,  who  has  many  myths 
about  the  heavenly  bodies,  also  agrees  with  the 
white  race  in  showing  deference  to  the  new  moon. 
The  Englishwoman  who  clings  to  traditional 
custom  still  curtsies  to  it.  Probably  she  continues- 
to  invoke  it  in  love-affairs.  The  dwarfs  of  the 
South  pray  to  it  also  in  their  own  fashion.  Again, 
the  Englishwoman  feels  that  ill-luck  will  follow 
if  she  sees  the  new  moon  through  glass,  even 
through  her  spectacles  ;  and,  like  her  husband,, 
she  is  convinced  that  pigs  must  be  slaughtered 
when  the  moon  is  waxing,  otherwise  the  flesh 
will  waste  and  diminish  when  cooked.  On  their- 
part  the  Bushmen  are  told  by  their  mothers  that 
"  the  moon  is  not  a  good  person  if  we  look  at  him," 
one  reason  being  that,  "  if  we  had  looked  at  him,, 
the  game  which  we  had  shot  would  go  along  also- 
like  the  moon."  The  stars  appear  to  be  connected! 
with  hunting,  too,  but  in  a  different  manner  : 
"  They  cursed  for  the  people  the  springboks' 
eyes."  Canopus  could  be  invoked  that  he  might 
"  lend  his  arm  "  to  a  hunter  who  missed  his  aiuii 
when  shooting  arrows  at  a  springbok. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — OCTOBER. 

CATALOGUE  278  of  Mr.  J.  G.  Commin  of  Exeter 
is  naturally  strong  in  Devonshire  items.  Among 
these  we  may  mention  a  collection  of  27  Broad- 
sides and  Ballads,  including  '  The  Lamentation 
of  Rebecca  Downing,'  condemned  to  be  burnt  in 
1782  for  poisoning  her  master,  27.  10s.  ;  '  Epis- 
copal Registers  of  the  Diocese  of  Exeter,'  edited 
by  Prebendary  Hingeston-Randolph,  9  vols.,. 
4Z.  ;  Brice's  Weekly  Journal,  1729-31,  21.  2s.  (on 
the  death  of  the  proprietor  his  body  lay  in  state 
at  an  inn,  every  person  who  came  to  see  it  paying 
a  shilling  to  defray  the  cost  of  the  funeral)  ;  and 
Thomas  Risdon's  '  The  Decimes ;  or,  A  Coro- 
graphicall  Description  of  the  County  of  Devon," 
a  seventeenth-century  manuscript  of  280  pages, 
from  the  library  of  our  old  contributor  Dr.. 
Brushfield.  Among  the  general  entries  are  J. 
Richardson's  '  Fauna  Boreali- Americana,'  with 
upwards  of  150  engravings,  4  vols.  in  3,  1829—37, 
51.  10s.  ;  Payne  Collier's  manuscript  collections  for 
a  Life  of  the  great  Earl  of  Essex,  31.  10s.  ;  Strutt's 
'  Dress  and  Habits  of  the  People  of  England,'  with 
143  plates  in  colour,  2  vols.,  1796-9,  31.  15*.  ; 
Baret's  '  Alvearie,'  1580,  4L  10s.  r  and  two  black- 
letter  volumes — Thomas  Raynald's  '  The  Birth 
of  Man-Kinde,  otherwise  named  the  Woman's 
Booke,'  curious  cuts,  in  contemporary  vellum, 
1634,  31.  10s.  ;  and  Wigon's  '  Most  Excellent 
Worckes  of  Chirurgery,'  "  Imprynted  by  EdWarde 
Whytchurch,"  1550,  4Z.  10s.  There  are  lists 
under  Dickensiana,  Folk-lore,  London,  and 
Pamphlets. 

The  Remainder  Catalogue  (No.  380)  of  Mr. 
Wm.  Glaisher  contains  some  interesting  books 
at  moderate  prices,  including  H.  L.  Adam's- 
'  Oriental  Crime,'  full  of  picturesque  and  enter- 
taining details  ;  one  of  Mr.  William  Andrews's- 
chatty  books,  '  At  the  Sign  of  the  Barber's  Pole  '  ;• 
R.  H.  Case's  '  English  Epithalamies,'  a  com- 
prehensive collection  of  the  nuptial  songs  of  the 
Elizabethans ;  Craig's  '  Life  of  Lord  Chester- 
field '  ;  Allan  Fea's  '  James  II.  and  his  Wives,' 
entertaining  records  of  this  Stuart  king  ;  Frank 


360 


NOTES  AND  Q  UERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  OCT.  28, 1911. 


Finn's  '  Ornithological  Oddities,'  with  many 
plates ;  Harry  Quilter's  '  Opinions  on  Men, 
Women,  and  Things,'  containing  17  representa- 
tive papers  by  this  well-known  art-critic  and 
writer  ;  Mr.  Hugh  de  Selincourt's  '  Life  of  Sir 
Walter  Raleigh,'  a  popular  account  of  the  times 
of  the  great  Elizabethan  ;  Seyffert's  excellently 
illustrated  '  Dictionary  of  Classical  Antiquities  '  : 
and  '  Paul  Verlaine :  his  Life  and  Work,'  an 
English  translation  of  Lepelletier's  biography. 

Mr.  John  Grant  sends  from  Edinburgh  his 
Annual  Catalogue  of  Remainders.  We  mention 
several  of  these,  the  first-named  price  being  that 
at  which  the  books  were  originally  published  : 
'  Raeburn's  Life  and  Works  '  (51.  5s.  net,  21.  10s.)  ; 
'  British  Birds  with  their  Nests  and  Eggs,'  6  vols. 
(51.  5s.,  11.  lls.  6d.)  ;  Bronte  Novels,  12  vols., 
with  63  illustrations  (31.  10s.,  11.  10s.)  ;  The 
Reliquary  and  Illustrated  Archaeologist,  Vols.  I.  to 
XV.  (91.  net,  4Z.  10s.);  Arber,  'An  English 
Garner,'  12  vols.  (21.  8s.  net,  11.  10s.)  ;  Miles, 
'  Pugilistica :  the  History  of  British  Boxing,' 
3  vols.,  20s.  ;  Lapide,  '  Commentary  on  the 
Gospels  and  Epistles,'  8  vols.  (4Z.  16s.,  11.  lls.  Qd.) ; 
and  '  Montaigne's  Essays,'  3  vols.  (11.  lls.  Qd. 
net,  20s.). 

Mr.  Alex.  WT.  Macphail  of  Edinburgh  has  in 
his  Catalogue  109  of  Rarities  in  Scottish  and  other 
Literature  some  interesting  water-colour  drawings 
and  black-and-white  sketches  by  eminent  Scot- 
tish artists,  such  as  McTaggart,  Sir  David  Wilkie, 
Geikie,  and  George  Hay  ;  a  curious  collection  of 
Burnsiana  ;  and  books  relating  to  the  Highlands. 
Under  Scottish  Art  there  are  many  engravings 
after  native  artists.  There  is  also  an  original 
drawing  by  Cosway,  '  Mary  kissing  the  Dead 
Christ,'  a  fine  piece  of  work. 

Messrs.  Maggs  Brothers  devote  their  Catalogue 
271  to  Engraved  Portraits  by  and  after  distin- 
guished artists  of  the  eighteenth  and  nineteenth 
centuries.  The  frontispiece  depicts  Mrs.  Abing- 
ton  as  Roxalana  in  '  The  Sultan,'  stipple  engraving 
by  J.  K.  Sherwin,  71.  17s.  Qd.  There  are  three 
mezzotints  of  Garrick  ;  and  a  mezzotint  of  Mrs. 
Siddonsas  Zara  in  '  The  Mourning  Bride,' by  J.  R. 
Smith  after  Lawrence,  is  351.  Dr.  Holland  Rose's 
work  has  drawn  fresh  attention  to  William  Pitt, 
of  whom  there  is  an  engraving  by  P.  M.  Alix  after 
A.  Hickel,  351.  A  section  of  the  Catalogue  is 
devoted  to  Napoleonica,  including  portraits  of 
Napoleon,  the  Empress  Marie  Louise,  and  the 
little  King  of  Rome.  A  collection  of  ten  portraits 
of  Napoleon's  principal  generals  is  45  guineas. 
A  brilliant  lettered  proof  impression  of  Turner's 
engraving  of  Sir  Walter  Scott,  after  Raeburn,  is 
1201.  ;  and  S.  Cousins's  mezzotint  of  Burns,  after 
Walker  and  Nasmyth,  251.  There  are  also 
numerous  examples  of  beauties  painted  by  Rey- 
nolds, Roinney,  and  Lawrence. 

Mr.  W.  M.  Murphy  sends  from  Liverpool  his 
Catalogue  167.  Among  the  principal  items  are 
a  complete  set  of  Archaeologia  from  the  commence- 
ment to  1910,  251.  ;  '  Chronicon  Nurembergense,' 
1493,  3QI.  ;  sets  of  the  Archaeological  Institute 
Journal,  Civil  Engineers  '  Minutes  and  Proceedings, 
Historical  Manuscripts  Commission's  Reports, 
Society  of  Antiquaries,  &c.  ;  and  Baxter's  Master- 
piece, '  The  Opening  of  Parliament,'  15Z.  15s. 

Catalogue  168  includes  a  set  of  Ruskin's  Works , 
Library  Edition,  38  vols.  (published  at  42Z.),  new, 
21  guineas;  sets  of  the  bejt  editions  of  Tennyson, 


Jane  Austen,  Bentham,  ani  Disksai  ;  se^enl 
important  sporting  books,  and  many  other  inter- 
esting items. 

Messrs.  Sotheran's  Price  Current  718  contains, 
as  usual,  many  notable  things.  Among  these  we 
may  mention  Dugdale's  '  Monasticon,'  enlarged 
by  Caley,  Ellis,  and  Bandinel,  and  with  over  200 
fine  engravings,  8  vols.  folio,  1846,  newly  bound  in 
half  black  morocco,  20Z.  ;  Chippendale's  '  Gentle- 
man and  Cabinet-Maker's  Director,'  second  edi- 
tion, with  161  copperplates,  folio,  1755,  321.  ; 
Descourtilz'  '  Ornithologie  Bresilienne,'  with  48 
large  coloured  plates,  atlas  folio,  1852,  25Z.  ; 
'  Les  Metamorphoses  d'Ovide,'  with  140  plates 
after  Eisen,  Monnet,  Moreau,  and  others,  4  vols. 
quarto,  1767,  63Z.  ;  Repton's  '  Landscape  Garden- 
ing,' with  39  plates,  mostly  coloured,  and  movable 
slips  to  show  the  effect  of  alterations,  royal  quarto, 
1803,  1QL  16s.  ;  a  complete  set  of  the  Waverley 
Novels  (all  first  editions  except  '  Guy  Mannering  ' 
and  '  Tales  of  my  Landlord  '),  74  vols.,  1814-32, 
newly  bound  in  half  crushed  olive  morocco,  60Z.  ; 
Chaloner  Smith's  '  British  Mezzotinto  Portraits,' 
illustrated  with  125  portraits  from  the  mezzo- 
tints in  the  author's  collection,  4  vols.,  1884,  half 
red  Levant  morocco  extra,  42Z.  ;  and  Hoare's 
'  Wiltshire,'  Ancient  and  Modern,  8  vols.  in  9,  a 
complete  set  on  large  paper,  1812—52,  56Z.  ;  and 
'Modern  Wiltshire,'  6  vols.  in  11,  1822-52, 
37/.  10.§.  There  is  also  an  important  collec- 
tion of  books  on  Ireland,  comprising  over  250 
entries,  and  including  many  from  Prof.  AUunson's 
library. 

Mr.  Albert  Sutton  of  Manchester  has  just  issued 
Catalogue  191,  which  is  entirely  devoted  to  books 
relating  to  Shakespeare  and  the  Drama.  It 
represents  a  collection  of  about  two  thousand 
volumes,  and  is  illustrated  with  reproductions 
from  old  title-pages  and  portraits.  There  are 
over  a  hundred  and  fifty  different  editions  of 
Shakespeare's  separate  and  collected  works. 
Among  the  more  important  items  may  be  men- 
tioned '  Dramatists  of  the  Restoration,'  14  vols., 
4Z.  4s.  ;  '  The  Early  English  Dramatists,'  12 
vols.,  6Z.  10s.  ;  '  The  Mermaid  Series  of  Drama- 
tists,' 21.  5s.  ;  the  Publications  of  the  New  Shak- 
spere  Society,  bound  in  30  vols.,  15Z.  ;  the  Percy 
Society  Publications,  94  vols.,  IQl.  ;  and  Griggs's 
"  Shakespeare  Quarto  Facsimiles,"  43  vols., 
14Z.  14s.  The  Catalogue  has  been  carefully 
compiled. 


to 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  .address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
communications  which,  for  any  reason,  we  do  not 
print,  and  to  this  rule  we  can  make  no  exception. 

E.  L.  ("  Svastica,  Swastika,  or  Fylfot").  —  See  the 
articles  at  7  S.  x.  409,  457  ;  xi.  234,  278,  436  ;  xii.  1516. 

J.  F.  LEIGH  CLARE  ("  '  Parapet  '=Foot  walk  ").— 
See  the  article  by  MR.  ROBERT  PIERPOINT  at  10  S. 
x.  366. 

F.  JESSEL.  —  Please  send  address.      We  have  a 
letter  for  you. 

A.  C.  H.—  Forwarded. 


us. iv. NOV. 4, ion.]          NOTES  AND   QUERIES. 


361 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  KOV EMBER  ff,  1911. 


CONTENTS. -No.  97. 

:NOTES  :— Statues  and  Memorials  in  the  British  Isles,  361— 
Palaeologus  Family  in  England— Commissioned  Band- 
masters, 364— The  Earl  of  Surrey  and  De  Bai'f— Shake- 
speare Allusions  —  Domesday  Book  and  the  Luttrell 
Family;  365— Syllepsis  or  Zeugma—"  Silly  Season  "— Cock- 
flghting  and  Coronation  Mugs  — Sir  Joseph  Napier— 
Colley  Gibber's  Marriage -"Strip  and  Go  Naked=  "  Gin, 
366. 

QUERIES  :— Jacob  Behmen— Bishop  Elphinstone's  Tomb- 
Motto  of  Cotton's  '  Angler  '—Arms  of  Midhurst— Hulton 
Abbey  Cartulary— Mil  ton-next-Gravesend,  367— Pin  in 
Necromancy— Arms  of  the  Colonies— Duchesse  de  Berri 
et  de  St.  Leu  — Burial  in  Woollen:  " Dolberline "— 
'Englische  Schnitzer '— John  Worsley,  Schoolmaster— 
'  Memoirs  of  H  B.  H.  Charlotte  Augusta ' — Daniel  and 
Edward  Purcell  —  "  Broken  Counsellor,"  368  —  Wesley 
Journals — Drury  Family  Arms — Clerks  of  the  Peace — 
Knockanegonly  :  Garugh  —  John  Bode,  1639  — "  Fra- 
ternal "  :  "  Sisterly,"  369— Marlowes,  370. 

REPLIES  :— John  Preston,  D.D.,  370— "  Warden  "  Pears, 
371— "Bon  Chretien"  Pears— Bristol  M.P.'s,  372— 
"Thon":  "Thonder"  —  "Thorpsman"  —  Nelson: 
"  Musle,"  373— C.  Corbett,  Bookseller— Earl  of  Jersey's 
Ancestress — Dumas  on  Cleopatra's  Needles,  374 — History 
of  England  with  Riming  Verses,  375— Arno  Surname— 
T.  Oliver,  Bond  Street— Leman  Street,  376— "  All  my 
eye  and  Betty  Martin"— "As  sure  as  God  made  little 
apples "— Dates  in  Roman  Numerals,  377— R.  Parr, 
Centenarian,  378— Dr.  Mead,  Centenarian— Twins  and 
Second  Sight,  379. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS:-' Frederick  James  Furnivall'— 
Reviews  and  Magazines. 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


STATUES   AND    MEMORIALS   IN   THE 
BRITISH    ISLES. 

(See  10  S.  xi.  441;  xii.  51,  114,  181,  401; 
11  S.  i.  282;  ii.  42,  242,  381;  iii.  22, 
222,  421  ;  iv.  181.) 

MEN  OF  LETTERS  (continued). 

Hughenden,  Bucks. — On  an  eminence  in 
Hughenden  Park  is  an  obelisk  about  50  feet 
high,  erected  in  1863  by  Viscountess  Beacons- 
field  to  the  memory  of  her  husband's  father, 
Isaac  D' Israeli,  author  of  'The  Curiosities 
of  Literature.'  It  is  thus  inscribed  : — 

In  memory  of  Isaac  Disraeli  of  Bradenham  in 
this  county,  Esquire,  and  Hon.  D.C.L.  of  the 
University  of  Oxford,  who  by  his  happy  genius 
diffused  among  the  multitude  that  elevating  taste 
for  literature  which,  before  his  time,  was  the 
privilege  only  of  the  learned.  This  monument 
was  raised  in  affectionate  remembrance  by  Mary 
Anne,  the  wife  of  his  eldest  son  the  Bight.  Hon. 
Benjamin  Disraeli,  Lord  of  the  Manor  ;  Chancellor 
-of  the  Exchequer,  1852,  1858,  1859,  and  now 
for  the  sixth  time  Knight  of  this  Shire. 

j  An  inscription  to  the  memory  of  Vis- 
countess Beaconsfield,  who  died  15  December, 
1872,  has  since  been  added. 


Freshwater,  Isle  of  Wight. — On  the  anni- 
versary of  Tennyson's  birthday,  6  August, 
1897,  a  beacon  cross  was  dedicated  to  his 
memory  on  the  outermost  angle  of  the 
western  coast  of  the  island.  It  is  con- 
structed of  Cornish  granite,  and  is  about 
38  feet  high.  The  ceremony  of  unveiling 
was  performed  by  the  Very  Rev.  Dr.  Bradley, 
Dean  of  Westminster,  and  prayers  were 
offered  by  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury. 
The  spot  is  one  to  which  Tennyson  used  to 
make  a  daily  pilgrimage,  and  was  formerly 
occupied  by  the  Nodes  Beacon.  On  the  east 
face  of  the  cross  is  the  following  inscription  : 

In  Memory  of 
Alfred  Lord  Tennyson 

this  Cross  is  raised, 

A  Beacon  to  Sailors, 

By  the  people  of  Freshwater  and  other  friends 

in  England'  and  America. 

Arbury,  near  Nuneaton. — Close  to    South 

Farm,     where     George     Eliot     (Mary    Ann 

Evans)    was    born    22    November,    1819,    a 

monument  has  been  erected  to  her  memory  in 

Arbury  Park.     It  was  set  up  by  Mr.  F.  A. 

Newdigate-Newdigate,   in  whose  family  her 

father  was  employed  as  land  agent.     The 

memorial     is     in    shape    like    a  milestone, 

and  stands  on  three  receding  blocks.       The 

front  is  thus  inscribed  : — 

George 

Eliot 

1819-1880. 

Sheffield. — On  26  August,  1854,  a  bronze 
statue  of  Ebenezer  Elliott,  the  Corn-Law 
Rhymer,  was  erected  by  public  subscription 
in  the  Market-Place.  It  is  the  work  of 
Barnard,  and  represents  the  poet  bareheaded, 
seated  upon  a  knoll.  In  1875  it  was  re- 
moved to  its  present  position  in  Weston 
Park,  "where  it  remains,  sadly  neglected,  if 
not  despised,  as  a  work  of  art."  On  the 
plain  square  pedestal  is  carved  the  one  word 

ELLIOTT. 

Sheffield. — At  the  cost  of  1,OOOZ.,  raised 
by  public  subscription,  a  bronze  statue  of 
James  Montgomery,  the  journalist-poet,  was 
placed  over  his  grave,  near  the  principal 
entrance  of  the  General  Cemetery,  in  1861. 
On  the  pedestal  it  is  stated  that  a  prominent 
part  was  taken  in  the  erection  of  the  statue 
by  the  teachers,  scholars,  and  friends  of 
Sunday  schools  in  Sheffield.  There  are 
also  inscribed  suitable  extracts  from  Mont- 
gomery's poems  '  Prayer  '  and  '  The  Grave,' 
and  the  following  lines  : — 

Here  lies  interred,  beloved  by  all  who  knew  him, 
the  Christian  poet,  patriot,  and  philanthropist. 
Wherever  poetry  is  read,  or  Christian  hymns  sung, 
in  the  English  language,  '  he  being  dead,  yet 
speaketh,'by  the  genius,  piety  and  taste  embodied 
in  his  writings. 


362 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  t,  mi. 


The  statue,  which  is  described  as  "a 
capital  likeness,"  was  the  work  of  John 
Bell.  (See  8  S.  vii.  333.) 

*  Dorchester,  Dorset. — Beside  the  south 
porch  of  the  church  of  St.  Peter  is  a  bronze 
statue  of  William  Barnes,  "  the  laureate  of 
Dorset."  It  was  designed  by  E.  Roscoe 
Mullins,  and  unveiled  by  the  Bishop  of 
Salisbury  4  February,  1889.  The  parson- 
poet  is  represented  standing  erect,  bare- 
headed, clad  in  long  loose  coat  and  knee- 
breeches.  His  hands  are  crossed  in  front, 
and  the  right  hand  loosely  grasps  a  manu- 
script. The  pedestal  is  thus  inscribed  : — • 

Rev.  William  Barnes 

1801-1886. 

Zoo  now  I  hope  his  kindly  feace 
Is  gone  to  yind  a  better  pleace  : 
But  still  wi'  vo'k  a-left  behind, 
He'll  always  be  a-kept  in  mind. 

The   above  lines   are   taken  from  Barnes's 
'  Rural  Poems  in  the  Dorset  Dialect.' 

Stratford-on-Avon. — To  commemorate  the 
jubilee  of  Queen  Victoria  Mr.  G.  W.  Childs 
of  Philadelphia  presented  a  Shakespeare 
fountain  and  clock-tower  to  the  town.  It 
stands  in  Rother  Street,  and  was  unveiled 
by  Sir  Henry  Irving  on  17  October,  1887. 
The  structure  is  50  feet  high,  the  lower  part 
being  of  Peterhead  granite,  and  the  upper 
part  of  Bolton  gray-stone.  Above  the  four 
dials  of  the  clock  is  a  spire  terminating  with 
a  gilded  vane  and  flanked  by  four  turrets. 
At  the  angles  below  are  displayed  shields 
containing  the  arms  of  Great  Britain  and  the 
American  stars  and  stripes.  It  is  thus 
inscribed  : — 

(South  side  :  over  entrance  :) 

The  gift  of  an  American  Citizen, 
George  W.  Childs  of  Philadelphia, 

to  the  town  of  Shakespeare, 
in  the  Jubilee  Year  of  Queen  Victoria. 

(North  side  :  over  fountain  :) 

Honest  water 
Which  ne'er  left  man  i'  the  mire. 

'  Timon  of  Athens,'  Act.  I.  sc.  ii. 
(West  side  :) 

In  her  days  every  man  shall  eat  in  safety, 
Under  his  own  vine,  what  he  plants  ;  and  sing 
The  merry  songs  of  peace  to  all  his  neighbours  : 
God  shall  be  truly  known  ;     and  those  about  her 
From  her  shall  read  the  perfect  ways  of  honour, 
And  by  those  claim  their  greatness,  not  by  blood. 

'  Henry  VIII.,'  Act.  V.  sc.  iv. 
(East  side  :) 

Ten  thousand  honours  and  blessings  on  the 
bard  who  has  thus  gilded  the  dull  realities  of  life 
with  innocent  illusions.  —  Washington  Irving's 
*  Stratford-on-Avon.' 

In  the  garden  on  the  south  side  of  the 
Memorial  Theatre  stands  the  group  of 


bronze  statuary  presented  to  the  town  in 
1888  by  the  sculptor,  Lord  Ronald  Suther- 
land Gower.  The  five  figures  were  modelled 
by  Lord  Ronald  in  Paris,  the  work  taking 
the  greater  part  of  twelve  years  to  accom- 
plish. They  consist  of  Shakespeare  and 
four  of  his  principal  characters — Lady 
Macbeth  (Tragedy),  Hamlet  (Philosophy)^ 
Prince  Henry  (History),  and  Sir  John 
Falstaff  (Comedy). 

The    figure    of  Shakespeare    crowns    the- 
design,    and    is    represented    seated,    bare- 
headed   and    leaning    forward.     The    right 
hand  grasps  a  quill  pen,  and  the  left  arm 
is  thrown  negligently  over  the  back  of  a 
chair,    the    hand    grasping    a    manuscript. 
The  four  figures  stand  round  the  circular 
pedestal,  and  above  them  are  inscribed  the 
following  characteristic  quotations  : — 
(North  side  : )         Lady  Macbeth. 
Life's  but  a  walking  shadow,  a  poor  player 
That  struts  and  frets  his  hour  upon  the  stage, 
And  then  is  heard  no  more. 

'  Macbeth,'  Act  V.  sc.  vii. 
(South  side  : )         Prince  Henry. 
Consideration,  like  an  angel,  came, 
And  whipt  the  offending  Adam  out  of  him. 

'  Henry  V.,'  Act  I.  sc.  1. 
(East  side:)         Hamlet. 

Good  night,  sweet  Prince, 
And  flights  of  angels  sing  thee  to  thy  rest. 

'  Hamlet,'  Act  V.  sc.  ii, 
(West  side:)  Falstaff. 

I  am  not  only  witty  in  myself, 
But  the  cause  that  wit  is  in  other  men. 

'  2  Henry  IV.,'  Act  I.  sc.  ii. 
Below  these  are  inscribed  : — 
(North  side  :)          Ronald  Gower 

to 

S  tratf  ord-up  on- Av  on. 

(South  side : )  This  monument  was  unveiled  on  the 
10th  Oct.,  1888,  by  Lady  Hodgson,  wife  of  Sir 
Arthur  Hodgson,  K.C.M.G.,  in  the  fifth  year  of 
his  mayoralty. 

In  New  Place  Garden  is  the  group  in 
relief  formerly  on  the  Boy  dell  Gallery,  Pall 
Mall.  It  depicts  Shakespeare  seated  on  a 
mound  between  the  Dramatic  Muse  (left) 
and  the  Genius  of  Painting  (right).  The 
former  grasps  a  lyre,  and  with  her  left 
hand  presents  a  wreath  to  the  poet  ;  the 
latter  holds  a  palette  and  brushes,  and  with 
her  right  hand  draws  attention  to  the  central 
figure.  Beneath  are  Hamlet's  lines  (Act  I. 
sc.  ii.)  : — 

He  was  a  man  ;    take  him  for  all  in  all, 
I  shall  not  look  upon  his  like  again. 
On  the  plinth  is  inscribed  : — 

This  alto-relievo  |  representing  Shakespeare 
seated  between  the  Dramatic  Muse  and  the  Genius 
of  Painting  |  (formerly  in  the  front  of  the  Shake- 
speare Gallery,  Pall  Mall,  London)  |  was  presented 
to  this  Town  by  |  Charles  Holte  Bracebridge,. 
Esq.  |  Atherstone  Hall  |  1871. 


ii  s. iv. NOV.  4, 19H.3         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


363: 


In  an  alcove  on  the  front  wall  of  the 
Town  Hall  is  a  leaden  (?)  statue  of  Shake- 
speare, presented  by  Garrick  in  1768.  The 
poet  is  represented  leaning  his  left  elbow 
upon  a  pedestal,  and  in  his  left  hand  grasping 
an  open  scroll,  to  which  he  points  with  his 
right  hand.  It  bears  the  following  words 
from  Act  V.  sc.  i.  of  '  A  Midsummer  Night's 
Dream  '  : — 

The  poet's  eye,  in  a  fine  frenzy  rolling, 
Doth  glance  from  heav'n  to  earth,  from  earth   to 

heav'n  ; 

And  as  imagination  bodies  forth 
The  forms  of  things  unknown,  the  Poet's  pen 
Turns  them  to  shapes,  and  gives  to  airy  nothing 
A  local  habitation  and  a  name. 

Immediately  below  the  figure  are  Hamlet's 
lines  : — 

Take  him  for  all  in  all,    ' 
We  shall  not  look  upon  his  like  again. 

Below  this  is  inscribed  : — 

The  Corporation 
and  Inhabitants  of  Stratford 

Assisted    by 
The  munificent  Contributions 

of  the  Noblemen 

and  Gentlemen  in  the  Neighbourhood 

Rebuilt  this  Edifice  in  the  Year  1768. 

The  Statue  of  Shakespear 

and  his  Picture  within 
were  given  by  David  Garrick,  Esq. 

Keswick. — Fronting  Friar's  Crag — "  one 
of  the  three  most  beautiful  scenes  in  Europe," 
as  Ruskin  called  it — a  monolith  has  been 
placed  to  his  memory.  It  was  unveiled 
by  Ruskin' s  cousin  Mrs.  Arthur  Severn  on 
'  6  October,  1900.  It  stands  about  50  paces 
from  the  face  of  the  Crag,  and  consists  of  a 
block  of  Skiddaw  granite,  rough  and  un- 
hewn as  it  came  from  the  quarry.  On  the 
front  a  circular  portrait  medallion  of  Ruskin 
is  sunk  in  the  slab  ;  and  on  the  back  is 
carved  the  design  used  as  his  symbol. 
The  memorial  is  thus  inscribed  : — 
(Front :)  John  Buskin 

MDCCCXIX      +      MDCCCC 

The  first  thing 

which  I  remember 

as  an  event  in  life 

was  being  taken  by 

my  nurse  to  the  brow 

of  Friar's  Crag  on 

D  er  went  water. 

(Back  :)  The  Spirit  of  God 

is  around  you  in  the 
air  that  you  breathe 
His  glory  in  the 
light  that  you  see 
and  in  the  fruitful- 
ness  of  the  earth  and 
the  joy  of  its  creatures. 
He  has  written  for  you 
day  by  day  His  revelation 
and  He  has  granted  you 
day  by  day  your  daily 
bread. 


(On  plinth:) 

In  keeping  of  the  National  Trust  for  places  of 
historic  interest  and  natural  beauty. 

Killearn,  Stirlingshire.  —  At  the  birth- 
place of  George  Buchanan  (1506-82)  the 
neighbouring  gentry  erected  an  obelisk  of 
white  millstone  grit  to  his  memory  in  June,. 
1788.  It  is  19  feet  square  at  the  base,  and 
rises  to  a  height  of  103  feet.  No  inscription 
was  placed  upon  it  at  the  time.  Beneath 
the  foundation  stone,  however,  a  hermetically 
sealed  bottle  was  deposited,  containing  a 
silver  medal  with  the  following  inscription  : — 

In  Memoriam 

Georgii  Buchanani 

Poetae  et  Historic!  celeberrimi : 

Accolis  Hujus  Loci  ultro  Conferentibus,. 

Hsec  Columna  Posita  est,  1788 
Jacobus  Craig  Architect,  Edinburgen. 

At  the  base  of  the  memorial  the  following 
eulogium,  composed  by  Prof.  William 
Ramsay  of  Glasgow  University,  was  in- 
scribed in  1850  : — • 

Memoriae  JEternae 
Georgii  Buchanani 

Vivi 

Inter  Fortes  Fortis 

Inter  Doctos  Docti 

Inter  Sapientes  Sapientissimi 

Qui  Tenax  Propositi 

Impiorum  Sacerdotium  minas  ridens 

Tyrannorum    saevorum    minas    spernena 

Purum  Numinis  Cultum 

Atque 

Jura  Humani  Generis 
A    Pessima   Superstitione    atque   ab    infima   ser- 

yitute. 
Imperterritus  Vindicavit 

Hoc  Monumentum 

Domum  Paternam  et  Natalia  Bura  Prospectans 

Sumptibus  et  Pietate  Populorum 

Olim  Extructum 

JEtas  Postera 

Reficiendum  Curavit 

Anno  Christi  D.N. 

MDCCCL. 

Paisley. — Robert  Tannahill,  the  weaver- 
poet,  was  born  at  Paisley  2  June,  1774,  and 
at  the  centenary  of  his  birth  a  series  of  annual 
concerts  for  the  singing  of  his  songs  was 
organized  in  his  native  town.  By  this  a 
fund  of  800Z.  was  raised,  which  formed  the 
nucleus  of  a  public  subscription  for  a  monu- 
ment to  his  memory.  On  20  October,  1883, 
a  bronze  statue,  erected  on  a  pedestal  of 
red  Aberdeen  granite,  was  unveiled  by  Mr. 
W.  Peattie,  Chairman  of  the  Anniversary 
Committee.  It  is  the  work  of  Mr.  D.  W. 
Stevenson,  A.R.S.A.,  and  is  placed  on  the 
border  of  the  Abbey  Churchyard,  in  front 
of  the  Town  Hall.  A  granite  obelisk  marks 
Tannahill' s  grave  in  the  West  Relief  Church 
Burial-Ground  ;  and  a  tablet  has  also  been 
placed  on  the  house  in  which  he  was  born. 


364 


NOTES  AND   QUERIES.         [11  s.  iv.  NOV.  4,  ML 


Newcastle-on-Tyne. — On  the  wall  of  No.  2, 
Tramlington  Place,  a  tablet  was  unveiled 
*by  Earl  Percy  on  15  September,  1893.  It 
is  thus  inscribed  : — 

.John  Collingwood  Bruce,  LL.D.,  D.C.L.,  F.S.A. 
Antiquary,  Historian,  and  Philanthropist : 

Spent  the  last  40  years  of  his  life 
and  wrote  the  History  of  the  Roman  Wall 

in  this  house. 

Born  xv  September,  MDCCCV. 
Died  v  April,  MDCCCXCii. 

In  a  niche  on  his  Academy  has  been  placed 
a  bronze  statue  of  Bruce.  It  is  the  work 
of  Ralph  Hedley,  and  was  unveiled  by  Sir 
Gainsford  Bruce  11  July,  1896.  Below  it  is 
a  brass  plate  with  the  following  inscription  : 
John  Collingwood  Bruce,  LL.D.,  D.C.L.,  F.S.A. 
Site  of  Percy  Street  Academy 

Founded  by  John  Bruce  in  1806 

and  conducted  by  John  Collingwood  Bruce 

from  1834  to  1860. 

I  desire  to  offer  to  SIB  JAMES  MURRAY, 
MB.  W.  SALT  BRASSINGTON,  MR.  WALTER 
SCOTT,  MR.  W.  R.  B.  PRIDE AUX,  and  others 
my  sincere  thanks  for  their  valued  help. 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 


PAL-^OLOGUS  FAMILY  IN  ENGLAND. 

(See  10  S.  vii.  209,  254,  336,  416  ;   viii.  334.) 

THE  subjoined  notes  from  the  Calendars  of 
State  Papers  (Domestic  Series)  should  be 
helpful  to  any  one  who  might  desire  to  trace 
the  connexion  between  the  family  of 
Palseologus  that  was  settled  in  England  and 
Barbados  in  the  seventeenth  century,  and 
the  illustrious  house  that  furnished  the  last 
rulers  of  the  Eastern  Empire  at  Constanti- 
nople. 

Domestic,  Charles  I.,  XCVI.,  Xo.  47,  Plymouth, 
March  19,  1628. — Theodore  Paleologus  to  Bucking- 
ham. Thanks  for  the  courtesy  shown  him  by  the 
Duke  at  Plymouth.  Prays  to  be  taken  into  his 
service.  Is  a  gentleman  born  of  a  good  house, 
and  accomplished  in  all  kinds  of  accomplishments 
worthy  of  the  name  he  bears,  but  unfortunate 
in  the  reverse  of  fortune  experienced  by  his 
ancestors  and  himself. 

Has  lived  and  shed  his  blood  in  war  from  his 
youth,  as  the  late  Prince  of  Orange  and  other 
noblemen,  both  English  and  French,  have  testi- 
fied. 

Proffers  himself  as  faithful  and  competent  to 
serve  the  King,  and  ready  to  show  gratitude  to 
the  Duke.  [French.] 

Domestic,  Charles  I.,  CCLIX.,  Xo.  13,  January 
13,  1633-4. — Gregory  Agropulus,  a  Grecian 
Minister,  says  he  came  into  the  kingdom  about 
7  September  last,  and  brought  letters  from  the 
Patriarch  of  Constantinople  to  Andreas  Paleologus, 
a  Grecian. 

Domestic,  Charles  I.,  CCCCIX.,  Xo.  26,  4  Jan- 
uary, 1638-9. — Thomas  Gay,  Lieutenant- Gover- 
nor of  St.  Michael's  Fort,  near  Plymouth  (his 


salary  being  £30  a  year),  sends  a  list  of  soldiers. 
Thirty  of  them,  includii 
had  £12  a  year. 


Thirty  of  them,  including  Ferdinando  Paleologus, 


Committee  for  Advance  of  Money  (Proceedings), 
Part  III.,  p.  1492. — Warrants  for  payment  of 
money,  6  May,  1644. 

Capt.  Paleologus — In  part  arrears  due  by  the 
State.  Date  of  part  order — 4  Mav,  1643.  Sum 
£50.  Reference,  Vol.  57,  25. 

From  the  Army  Lists  of  the  Roundheads  and 
Cavaliers,  1642.  Edited  by  Edward  Peacock, 
F.S.A.  (2nd  ed.,  1874.  London,  Chatto  & 
Windus.)  British  Museum,  2400,  c.  5  : — 

1642.  In  the  Lord  St.  John's  Regiment  (forthe 
Parliament)  under  the  Earl  of  Essex. — Lieut. 
Theo.  Palioligus. 

A  foot-note  by  the  editor  of  the  1874 
edition  of  the  Army  List  of  1642  says  that 
this  Theodore  was  one  of  the  family  of 
Palaeologus  of  Landulph,  co.  Cornwall. 

In  1640  Theodore  Palaeologus  was  a 
lieutenant,  under  Sir  Jacob  Astley,  in  the 
expedition  under  the  Earl  of  Northumber- 
land. 

In  view  of  the  statement  on  p.  95  of  vol. 
xviii.  of  Archceologia,  that  John,  the  son  of 
Theodore  of  Landulph,  had  not  been  traced, 
it  should  be  stated  that  on  the  26th  of  June, 
1644,  John  and  Ferdinando  Paleologus  were 
in  Barbados,  where  they  were  witnesses  to 
an  agreement  executed  on  that  date.  See 
vol.  i.  p.  365  of  '  Recopies  of  Deeds  '  in  the 
Registration  Office  at  Bridgetown,  Barbados. 

On  p.  313  of  vol.  i.  of  the  Register  for 
St.  Michael's  parish,  Barbados,  the  marriage 
is  recorded,  under  the  year  1684,  of  Theodore 
Paleologus  and  Mrs.  Martha  Bradbury.  In 
Barbados  atfthat  date  maiden  ladies  were 
referred  to  fas  "Mrs.,"  as  they  were  in 
England.  A  Capt.  Christopher  Bradbury 
died  in  St.  Michael's  parish  in  1685  ;  he 
was  probably  related  to  Miss  Martha  Brad- 
bury. N.  DARNELL  DAVIS. 

Royal  Colonial  Institute, 

Northumberland  Avenue. 


COMMISSIONED    BANDMASTERS. 

MR.  RHODES'S  account  of  Army  bandmasters 
(ante,  p.  297)  would  give  the  impression 
that,  during  the  last  few  years,  Army  band- 
masters were  made  warrant  officers  when 
first  appointed,  and  received  commissions 
later,  which  is  far  from  being  the  case. 
Warrant  rank  was  created  more  than  thirty 
years  ago,  bandmasters  being  one  class  of 
non-commissioned  officer  to  obtain  it,  and 
six  years  afterwards  Dan  Godfrey,  of  the 
Grenadier  Guards,  was  appointed  Honorary 
Second  Lieutenant.  The  promotion  occa- 
sioned great  surprise  throughout  the  Army, 
and  more  than  eleven  years  elapsed  before 
a  similar  honour  was  gazetted.  This  was 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  4,  mi.]         NOTES  AND   QUERIES. 


365- 


given  to  Lieut.  Miller  (whose  promotion 
I  dealt  with  on  the  before-mentioned  page), 
and  since  then  several  Army  bandmasters 
have  been  promoted  to  second  lieutenancies, 
and  continued  to  practise  their  profession. 
A  few  have  also  been  promoted  quarter- 
master, with  the  honorary  rank  of  lieutenant, 
the  first  one  being  Bandmaster  Read  (now 
deceased)  of  the  1st  Middlesex  Regiment, 
on  11  June,  1890.  I  give  below  a  complete 
list  of  commissioned  bandmasters  to  date, 
and  it  will  be  noticed  that  not  a  single 
cavalry  or  line  regiment  is  represented, 
although  Lieut.  Rogan  served  in  the  West 
Surrey  Regiment,  Lieut.  Hall  in  the  Dra- 
goons, and  Lieut.  Williams  in  the  10th 
Hussars  and  the  Royal  Marine  Artillery, 
before  they  received  their  Household 
Brigade  Bandmasterships. 
Godfrey,  D.,  Grenadier  Guards,  2nd  Lieut., 

1  July,  1887. 
Miller,  G.J..  M.V.O.,  2nd  Lieut.,  15   Nov.,  1899. 

Lieut,,  28  Dec.,  1899. 
Zavertal,  L.,  Royal  Artillery,  2nd  Lieut.,  28  Dec., 

1898. 
Sommer,  J.,  Roval  Engineers,  2nd  Lieut.,  4  Feb., 

1899. 
Franklin,  C.,  Egyptian  Army,  2nd  Lieut ,  13  March, 

1901  ;    now  Director,  Royal  Naval  School  of 

Music. 
Wright,  J.,  Royal  Marines,  2nd  Lieut.,  6  Nov., 

1901. 
Rogan,  .!.,  M.V.O.,  Coldstream  Guards,  2nd  Lieut., 

27  Feb.,  1904. 
Hall,   C.,  M.V.O.,  2nd  Life  Guards,  2nd  Lieut., 

25  Jan.,  1905. 
Williams,    A.,    M.V.O.,    Grenadier    Guards,    2nd 

Lieut.,  2  Jan.,  1907. 
Ferguson,     F.,     Egyptian     Army,     2nd     Lieut., 

14  Oct.,  1908. 
Green,  B.,  Royal  Marines,  2nd  Lieut.,  Oct.,  1911. 

Lieuts.  Godfrey,  Zavertal,  and  Sommer 
have  retired  on  pension,  and  Lieut.  Wright 
is  deceased.  CHARLES  S.  BURDON. 


THE  EARL  OF  SURREY  AND  DE  BAIF. — 
Students  of  sonnet  literature  must,  like  my- 
self, have  come  across  in  more  than  one 
anthology  a  sonnet  by  the  Earl  of  Surrey, 
beginning 

Set  me  whereas  the  sun  doth  parch  the  green  ; 
and  Mr.  John  Dennis  in  his  '  Selection  of 
English  Sonnets '  quotes  in  his  notes  one 
from  '  The  Phoenix'  Nest,'  1593,  which  reads 
like  an  imitation  of  the  former,  and  is  un- 
signed. 

Whether  Surrey  himself  claimed  originality 
for  his  work  is  of  no  importance  now ; 
but  I  would  modestly  suggest  that  during 
his  various  sojourns  in  France  he  may  have 
come  across  and  borrowed  even  more  than 
the  mere  subject  from  the  Pleiadist,  J.  A. 
de  Bai'f  (1532  to  1589),  unless,  which  is  less 


likely,  the  latter  has  borrowed  from  Surrey .- 
Of  course  the  sonnets  are  not  absolutely 
identical,  but  are  too  similar  to  have  been, 
both  original  in  the  true  sense. 

I  quote  the  French  sonnet  from  '  Poesies 
choisies  de  J.  A.  de  Baif,'  by  L.  Becq  de 
Fouquieres,  Paris,  1874,  for  such  as  it  may 
interest : — 

Mets  moi  dessus  la  mer  d'oii  le  soleil  se  leve, 
Ou  pres  du  bord  de  1'onde  oil  sa  ilame  s'eteint  ; 
Mets  moi  au  pais  froid,  ou  sa  chaleur  n'ateint, 
Ou  sur  les  sab  Ions  cuits  que  son  chaud  rayon  greve  j. 
Mets  moi  en  long  ennuy,  mets  moi  en  joye  breve, 
En  franche  liberte,  en  servage  contraint ; 
Soit  que  lib  re  je  soy,  ou  prisonnier  relreint, 
En  assurance,  ou  doute,  ou  en  guerre  ou  en  treve  ;. 
Mets  moi  au  pie  plus  bas  ou  sur  les  hauts  somets 
Des  mons  plus  esleve"s,  6  Meline,  et  me  mets 
En  une  triste  nuit  ou  en  gaye  lumiere  ; 
Mets  moi  dessus  le  ciel,  dessons  terre  mets  moi,, 
Je  seray  tousjours  mesme,  et  ma  derniere  foy 
Se  trouvera  tousjours  pareille  a  la  premiere. 

The  superiority  of  Surrey's  more  varied 
sonnet  does  not,  of  course,  affect  the  quea- 
tion  of  origin.  A.  WEBER. 

SHAKESPEARE  ALLUSIONS. — 

1.  Be  thou  the  Lady  Cressit-light  to  mee, 
Sir  Trollelolle  I  will  prove  to  thee. 

Rowlands,  '  The  Letting  of  Humors  Blood 
in  the  Head-Vaine,'  1600,  Satyre  4. 

2.  Yet  let  none  say  he's  broke  or  run  away, 
But  (as  the  wiser  call 't)  he  did  convey 
Himself  e  into  a  Church,  in  policie. 

John  Taylor,  'Hill  -'ANePfiHOS  :  or,    An, 
Ironicall  Expostulation  '  (1648),  A.  3. 

3.  Tell  me  no  more  of  Laureated  Ben, 
Shakespear,  and  Fletcher,  once  the  wiser  men. 
Their  Acts  ('tis  true)  were  Sublime  I  yet  I  see 
They  'r  all  Revisedly  compos'd  in  thee. 

Arth.    Tichborne,    before    M.    Stevenson's 
'  Poems,'  1673. 

4.  In  Shakespear  read  the  Reason  mixt  with  Rage, 
When  Brutus  with  fierce  Cassius  does  engage 
In  loud  expostulations  in  the  Tent, 

The  heights  of  Passion,  Turns,  and  the  Descent 
Observe,  and  what  th'  art  likely  to  despise, 
Is  that  in  which  th'  Excellence  chiefly  lies. 

'  Innocui    Sales  :     a    Collection    of    Ne\r 
Epigrams,'  1694,  p.  16. 

I  am,  of  course,  aware  that  No.    1  may 
have  no  reference  to  Shakespeare's  '  Troilus 
and  Cressida,'  but  the  passage  seemed  worth 
recording,    if    only    to    compare    with    the 
lines  beginning- 
Come,  Cressida,  my  cresset  light, 
of    '  Histriomastix,'    which,   by   the  way,  I 
cannot  find    in  the     '  Shakspere    Allusion- 
Book.'  G.    THORN-DRURY. 

DOMESDAY  BOOK  AND  THE  LUTTRELL 
FAMILY. — The  Daily  Telegraph  of  12  Octo- 
ber, in  its  review  of  the  Report  of  the  Inland 
Revenue  Commissioners  for  the  year  ended 


366 


NOTES  AND   QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  *,  1911. 


31  March  last,  contained  a  notable  para- 
graph which  deserves  to  be  included  in  the 
pages  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  :— 

**  In  some  interesting  introductory  observations 
on  the  land  value  duties,  the  Commissioners  refer 
to  the  general  valuation  of  all  land  in  the  United 
Kingdom  now  in  progress.  '  The  magnitude  of 
this  task  will  be  appreciated,'  they  say,  '  when 
it  is  mentioned  that  the  number  of  hereditaments 
in  the  three  kingdoms  amounts  approximately 
to  11,000,000.  To  find  a  parallel  to  this  scheme 
of  universal  valuation  we  have  to  go  back  to  the 
Domesday  Book  of  William  the  Conqueror, 
and  it  is  of  peculiar  interest,  as  forming  a  link 
between  the  eleventh  and  the  twentieth  century 
valuations,  that  in  at  least  one  instance — there 
are  probably  others — we  have  in  the  course  of 
pur  survey  met  with  an  estate  which  has  remained 
in  the  hands  of  one  family  from  the  date  of  the 
Domesday  Book  to  the  present  time.'  This 
property,  it  is  explained,  is  in  the  parish  of  East 
Quantockshead,  and  is  in  the  possession  of  Mr. 
A.  F.  Luttrell,  a  lineal  descendant  of  Ralf  Pay- 
nell,  who  held  it  in  the  reign  of  William  the  Con- 
queror." 

W.  BRADBROOK. 

SYLLEPSIS  OB  ZEUGMA  :  '  PICKWICK.' 
(See  '  "  Pickwick "  :  Miss  Bolo,'  ante, 
pp.  89,  158.) — These  references  give  an 
example  taken  from  *  Pickwick,'  chap, 
xxxiv.,  p.  382  of  the  first  edition,  1.  6  from 
foot.  May  I  offer  another  example  also 
from  '  Pickwick,'  chap,  xv.,  p.  157  of  the 
first  edition,  1.  3  from  foot  ? 

"  Mr.  Tupman  returned  to  his  companions  ;  and 
in  another  hour  had  drowned  all  present  recol- 
lection of  Mr.  Alfred  Jingle,  or  Mr.  Charles  Fitz- 
Marshall,  in  an  exhilarating  quadrille  and  a  bottle 
of  champagne." 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

"SILLY  SEASON"  FOR  NEWSPAPERS. — 
The  '  N.E.D.'  defines  the  "  silly  season  "  as 
**  the  months  of  August  and  September, 
when  newspapers  supply  the  lack  of  real 
news  by  articles  or  discussions  on  trivial 
topics  "  ;  and  supplies,  as  its  earliest  illus- 
trative reference,  the  remark  of  Punch 
of  9  September,  1871,  "The  present  time 
of  the  year  has  been  named  '  the  silly 
season.'  " 

But  the  idea  is  very  much  earlier,  as  is 
evident  from  the  following  extract  from 
The  Daily  Journal  of  6  September,  1725  : — 

"  The  story  of  the  pretended  Stratagem  of  the 
Smugglers  at  Buntington  in  Yorkshire,  in  burning 
a  Tun  of  Pitch  and  other  combustable  Matter  at 
Sea,  to  divert  the  Officers  of  the  Customs,  while 
they  run  Goods  a-shoar,  as  published  in  The 
Evening  Post  and  other  Papers,  we  are  well 
assured  is  entirely  false,  and  is  only  a  Piece  of 
Invention  contrived  (according  to  Custom)  to 
amuse  the  ignorant  at  this  barren  Season  of  News." 

ALFRED  F.  BOBBINS. 


COCK-FIGHTING  AND  CORONATION  MUGS. — 
The  following  paragraph  appeared  in  The 
Yorkshire  Post  of  28  June  of  this  year  :— 

"  A  CURIOSITY  IN  CORONATION  MUGS. — A  most 
original  Coronation  memento  was  presented  to 
the  children  of  Dalston,  Cumberland,  consisting 
of  a  mug  bearing  the  Royal  portraits,  the  parish 
coat  of  arms,  and  a  representation  of  the  famous 
fighting  Dalston  black-red  gamecocks,  With  the 
defiant  motto,  '  While  I  live  I  crow.'  In  old 
days  Dalston  was  a  great  centre  of  cock-fighting, 
and  its  pit  birds  were  renowned  among  cockers 
for  courage  and  stamina.  They  were  allied  in 
blood  to  the  black-red  breed  kept  by  the  Earls  of 
Derby.  Many  old  strains  are  still  maintained  in 
the  neighbourhood,  and,  it  is  whispered,  are  occa- 
sionally tested  for  courage.  Old  English  game 
fanciers  are  already  seeking  to  acquire  the  mugs 
as  curiosities." 

T.  SHEPHERD. 

SIR  JOSEPH  NAPIER. — On  the  walls  of  the 
chapel  of  the  cemetery  at  St.  Leonards- 
on-Sea,  in  which  his  body  lies  entombed, 
a  tablet  is  fixed  with  the  following  inscrip- 
tion : — 

Sacred  to  the  Memory 

of 
The  Right  Hon.  Sir  Joseph   Napier,  Bart., 

Ex-Lord  Chancellor  of  Ireland, 
Born  26  December,  1804.     Died  9  December, 

1892. 
An  earnest  and  humble  Christian, 

he  consecrated 

to  the  Master's  service  the  rare  abilities  he 

possessed,  and  after  a  life  spent  in  advancing  the 

interests  of  justice,  learning,  and  religion, 

he  was  summoned  to  the  nearer  and  holier 

service  of   the   church  above, 
having   won  the   victory  through   his    Lord   and 

Saviour,  Jesus  Christ. 

Peace,  peace  !   he  is  not  dead — he  doth  not  sleep, 
He  hath  awakened  from  the  dream  of  life. 

I  take  the  above  from  an  article  on  this  great 
Ulsterman  in  Great  Thoughts  for  14  October, 
written  by  the  editor,  Dr.  R.  P.  Downes. 
WILLIAM  MACARTHUR. 
Dublin. 

COLLEY  GIBBER'S  MARRIAGE. — The  parish 
register  of  St.  James,  Duke's  Place,  Aldgate, 
in  the  City  of  London,  records  the  marriage 
of  Colle  (sic)  Gibber  with  Cathrine  (sic) 
Shore  on  6  May,  1693. 

DANIEL  HIPWELL. 

"  STRIP  AND  Go  NAKED,  ALIAS  STRIKE- 
FIRE  "  =  GiN. — The  Daily  Journal  of  6  July, 
1725,  recorded  that  three  evenings  before 

"  an  elderly  Man  that  carried  a  Basket  in  Hunger- 
ford  Market  for  his  Livelihood,  was  drowned  in  an 
excessive  Quantity  of  Strip  and  go  Naked,  alias 
Strikefire,  alias  Gin,  at  a  notorious  Brothel  in  the 
Strand ;  the  poor  miserable  Wretch  expiring 
under  too  great  a  Dose  of  that  stupefying  Bene- 
diction." 


iis.  iv.  NOV.  4,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


367 


In  Farmer  and  Henley's  '  Dictionary  of 
Slang  and  Colloquial  English,'  1820  is  given 
as  the  date  for  strip-me-naked  as  a  slang 
term  for  gin,  and  1830  for  stark  naked  in 
the  same  connexion. 

ALFRED  F.  BOBBINS. 

[A  good  deal  about  slang  names  for  gin  will  be 
found  at  9  S.  vi.  161,  233,  286,  353,  475.] 


Qturtas. 

WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


JACOB  BEHMEN. — I  should  be  greatly 
obliged  to  any  one  who  has  made  a  special 
study  of  the  works  of  this  great  German 
philosopher  and  mystic,  if  he  would  kindly 
put  himself  in  communication  with  me  and 
help  to  settle  a  matter  of  considerable 
interest  I  am  engaged  on  a  life  of  Sir 
Henry  Vane  the  younger,  and  I  have  good 
reason  to  believe  that  he  was  in  his  religious 
writings  considerably  indebted  to  Behmen. 
The  aid  of  an  expert  in  deciding  this  ques- 
tion would  be  gratefully  accepted  and 
acknowledged  by  me.  JOHN  WILLCOCK. 

Lerwick,  Shetland. 

BISHOP  ELPHINSTONE'S  TOMB. — William 
Elphinstone,  Bishop  of  Aberdon,  founded  a 
University  and  a  collegiate  church  in  Aber- 
don, a  suburb  of  Aberdeen,  about  1500. 
He  died  in  1514,  and  was  interred  before 
the  altar  of  the  University  church.  About 
six  years  afterwards  a  splendid  tomb  was 
erected  over  his  grave.  The  principal 
feature  of  the  tomb  was  the  effigy  of  the 
bishop  in  gilt  brass,  lying  on  a  black  marble 
slab.  At  the  head,  which  was  probably 
to  the  east,  there  were  two  candelabra, 
one  on  either  side,  each  supported  by  a 
cherub.  At  the  sides  were  twelve  accessory 
figures  representing  Faith,  Hope,  Charity, 
Justice,  Prudence,  &c.,  with  their  dis- 
tinctive emblems,  all  in  gilt  brass.  At  the 
Reformation  in  1560  service  in  the  church 
ceased :  it  was  allowed  to  lie  desolate ; 
and  the  effigy,  candelabra,  and  accessory 
figures  were  stolen  and  sold.  One  account 
says  that  the  figures  stood  round  the  slab,  and 
another  says  they  supported  it,  which  seems 
probable,  as  the  slab  is  now  only  a  little 
above  the  level  of  the  floor. 

The  church  was  restored  in  1894,  but  not 
the  tomb.  It  has  now  been  resolved  to 
restore  the  tomb  also,  and  1,600Z.  has  been 


subscribed  for  the  restoration.  It  being 
nearly  400  years  since  the  tomb  was  dese- 
crated, there  is  some  doubt  regarding  the 
probable  height  of  the  candelabra  and  the 
accessory  figures,  and  the  way  in  which 
the  slab  was  supported.  Suggestions  on 
these  points  would  be  thankfully  received. 
Is  there  anywhere  in  Britain  or  on  the  Con- 
tinent a  similar  tomb  ?  Was  it  usual  about 
1520  to  inter  bishops  with  the  head  to  the 
east  ?  and  if  so,  where  can  instances  be  seen  ? 

JOHN  MILNE,  LL.D. 
Aberdeen. 

COTTON'S  'ANGLER':  ITS  MOTTO. — Did 
Charles  Cotton  compose  the  lines, 

Qui  mi  hi  non  credit,  faciat  licet  ipse  periclum 

Et  fuerit  scriptis  sequior  ille  meis, 
which  appear  on  the  title-page  of  part  ii. 
of    '  The   Complete  Angler,'    or   are   they  a 
quotation  ?     Three  well-known  living  Cam- 
bridge classics  have  given  up  the  search. 

STAPLETON  MARTIN. 

The  Firs,  Norton,  Worcester. 

MlDHTJBST   :     ARMS     OF     THE     BOROUGH. — 

In  Dallaway's  '  History  of  the  Western 
Division  of  the  County  of  Sussex'  (1815) 
the  Borough  and  Manor  of  Midhurst  are 
stated  to  have  had  a  common  seal,  bearing 
as  arms :  "  Two  foresters  standing  with 
their  bows  on  either  side  an  oak-tree." 
I  can  find  no  other  reference  to  any  arms 
borne  by  the  Borough,  and  the  Heralds' 
College  has  none  recorded.  Can  any  one 
give  me  information  on  the  subject  ? 

ERNEST  F.  Row. 
The  Grammar  School,  Midhurst. 

HULTON  ABBEY  CARTULARY. — I  should  be 
glad  to  know  who  is  the  present  possessor 
of  the  cartulary  of  Hulton  Abbey,  which  was 
in  private  possession  some  thirty  or  so  years 
ago.  P.  M. 

MANOR  OP  MILTON-NEXT-GRAVESEND. — 
This  manor,  held  of  the  Crown  as  of  the 
barony  of  Munchesney  as  one-fourth  of  a 
knight's  fee,  was  acquired  in  fee  simple 
by  Sir  Simon  Burley,  executed  on  5  May, 
1388,  by  whose  forfeiture  it  came  into  the 
king's  hands.  On  10  February,  1391/2,  it 
was  granted  by  letters  patent,  for  payment, 
to  the  king's  half-brother,  John  Holland, 
Earl  of  Huntingdon,  and  others.  Sir  Rey- 
nold Cobham  died  seised  of  it  on  12  October, 
1405,  and  at  his  Inq.  p.m.  it  was  found  that 
it  had  been  granted  to  him  by  the  name  of 
Reynold  Cobham,  Esq.,  and  Elizabeth  his 
wife,  in  exchange  for  lands  in  Essex  and 
Middlesex,  by  John  Hadle  and  Thomasia 


368 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         ui  s.  iv.  NOV.  4,  mi. 


his  wife,  who  had  purchased  it,  jointly 
with  Sir  Arnold  Savage  and  John  St.  Ger- 
mayn,  citizen  and  grocer,  from  William 
Daubeney,  William  Goldington,  and  Peter 
Taddelowe.  I  should  be  much  obliged  to 
any  one  who  would  supply  further  infor- 
mation about  the  ownership  of  the  manor 
between  1392  and  1405.  Hasted's  account 
of  it  is  certainly  inaccurate. 

G.  O.  BELLEWES. 
13,  Cheyne  Row,  S.W. 

PIN  ix  NECROMANCY. — What  is  the  pre- 
cise significance  of  the  pin  in  the  outfit  of  a 
witch  ?  It  seems  to  have  been  essential 
that  it  should  be  crooked,  not  merely  bent. 
Quantities  of  them  are  said  to  have  been 
vomited  by  the  victims,  or  else  discovered 
about  their  garments.  Although  pins 
played  an  important  part  in  nearly  all  the 
trials  for  alleged  witchcraft  in  Hertfordshire, 
the  witnesses  do  not  seem  to  have  attached 
any  special  meaning  to  their  presence,  other 
than  as  conclusive  evidence  that  the  person 
upon  whom  they  were  found  was  bewitched. 

W.  B.  GERISH. 

Bishop's  Stortford. 

[Miss  E.  D.  Longman  and  Miss  S.  Loch  have  just 
published  a  volume  devoted  to  '  Pins  and  Pin- 
cushions,' in  which  they  deal  with  legends  and 
superstitions  connected  with  the  pin.] 

COLONIES  :  THEIR  ARMS. — What  illus- 
trated work  contains  the  arms  of  our  Colonies 
and  dependencies  ?  VERUS. 

DUCHESSE    DE    BERRI    ET    DE     ST.     LEU. — 

Ca,n  any  one  tell  me  who  was  Henrietta 
Josephine  Stuart  de  Bourbon  Bonaparte, 
Duchesse  de  Berri  et  de  St.  Leu  ?  She  was 
a  child  in  England  during  Queen  Victoria's 
reign,  and  was  said  to  have  been  crowded 
by  the  Pope,  but  as  monarch  of  what  country? 

W.  B.  C. 

BURIAL  IN  WOOLLEN  :  "  DOLBERLINE." 
— On  4  October  1678,  a  patent  was  granted 
to  Amy  Potter,  widow,  for 

"making  of  Flanders  Dolberline,  and  all  other 
laces  of  woollen,  to  be  used  in  dresses  for  the  decent 
buriall  of  the  dead  or  otherwise,  which  may  tend  to 
the  increasing  of  woollen  manufacture,  and  accord- 
ing to  an  Act  for  burying  in  woollen." 

The  word  "  dolberline  "  does  not  occur  in 
the  '  N.E.D.,'  and  I  am  anxious  to  know 
what  it  is.  It  is  not  necessary  to  assume 
that  it  was  a  looped  fabric  such  as  is  now 
generally  understood  by  the  word  "  lace  "  ; 
it  was  probably  a  trimming,  in  which  sense 
the  word  is  still  used,  as,  for  instance,  "  gold 
lace  "  and  "  coach  lace."  R.  B.  P. 


'  ENGLISCHE  SCHNITZER.' — Dr.  Krueger's 
'  linen glisches  English,'  reviewed  ante,  p.  280^ 
reminds  me  of  a  similar  book  published 
many  years  ago  under  the  title  '  Englische 
Schnitzer '  ('English  Howlers'),  but  I 
have  not  made  a  note  of  the  author's  name* 
Can  any  reader  oblige  me  with  it  ? 

L.  L.  K. 

JOHN  WORSLEY,  SCHOOLMASTER  AT  HERT- 
FORD.— John  Worsley  kept  a  school  at  Hert- 
ford (circa  1730-40)  at  which  John  Wilkes 
was  a  pupil.  Is  anything  known  of  thi& 
school  or  of  its  proprietor  ? 

HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 

'MEMOIRS  or  H.R.H.  CHARLOTTE 
AUGUSTA  '  :  ELIZABETH  NEWMAN. — A  copy 
of  '  Memoirs  of  her  late  Royal  Highness 
Charlotte  Augusta,'  &c.,  is  bound  in  calf 
and  lettered  on  the  back  in  what  seems  an 
unusual  fashion.  The  lettering  is  simply 
"  Charlotte  "  in  the  second  division  of  the 
six  spaces  in  the  tooling,  and  in  the  fifth 
space  is  "  Eliz  |  Newman  |  1818."  This  i& 
so  unusual  that  an  explanation  is  desirable. 
It  appears  to  be  a  rebinding  of  the  book,, 
for  the  pages  have  suffered  somewhat  from 
the  plough.  At  the  end  of  the  '  Memoirs  ' 
are  136  pages  of  '  A  Sacred  Memorial,' 
which  is  composed  of  "  one  hundred  and 
twenty  sermons  preached  on  the  day  of 
her  interment  by  the  most  eminent  divines 
of  all  denominations."  These  were  selected 
by  Robert  Huish,  author  of  '  The  Memoirs,' 
and  used  as  a  supplement.  Who  was  Eliza- 
beth Newman  ?  THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

DANIEL  PURCELL.  —  Will  some  reader 
kindly  give  information  about  this  organist  ? 
He  was  a  brother  of  Henry  Purcell,  and  was 
organist  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  and 
of  St.  Andrew's,  Holborn.  I  wish  to  know 
of  any  compositions  by  him,  and  when  and1 
where  he  was  born  and  died. 

Please  reply  direct.        L.  H.  CHAMBERS. 

Amersham. 

EDWARD  PURCELL. — Edward,  the  only 
surviving  son  of  the  great  Henry  Purcell, 
was  organist  of  St.  Margaret's,  Westminster, 
from  1726  to  1740.  Any  particulars  regard- 
ing him  and  a  list  of  his  compositions  are 
asked  for.  L.  H.  CHAMBERS. 

"  BROKEN  COUNSELLOR." — In  the  register 
of  a  parish  church  in  Bucks  a  rector  who  was 
called  to  the  living  in  1709  is  described  as  a 
"  broken  counsellor."  I  should  be  glad  of 
an  explanation  of  these  words.  E.  A.  L. 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  4, 1911.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


369 


WESLEY  JOURNALS. — The  late  R.  Denny 
Urlin,  in  his  '  Churchman's  Life  of  Wesley,' 
says  that  the  original  Journals,  from  whicl 
selections  had  been  published  by  Wesley 
himself,  and  subsequently  by  his  executors, 
passed  through  Henry  Moore  to  his  repre- 
sentative, Mr.  W.  Gandy.  They  are  con- 
tained in  many  volumes  of  shorthand.  Mr. 
Urlin  in  vain  asked  more  than  once  to  be 
allowed  to  inspect  them.  WTiat  became 
of  them  on  Mr.  Gandy 's  death  ?  Have 
any  further  parts  of  them  been  published  ? 
Mr.  Gandy,  expressing  some  anxiety  as  to 
the  fate  of  these  papers,  was  advised  to 
deposit  them  in  the  British  Museum  ;  but 
whether  this  course  was  adopted  or  not  I 
do  not  know.  E.  L.  H.  TEW. 

Upham  Rectory. 

DRURY  FAMILY  ARMS. — The  arms  of 
Drury  of  Ireland  as  depicted  on  the  funeral 
certificate  of  Katherine,  the  wife  of  Sir 
John  King,  Kt.,  are  Argent,  a  bordure 
gules ;  on  a  chief  vert,  a  cross  tau  between 
two  mullets  of  the  first  (Muskett's  '  Suffolk 
Manorial  Families,'  p.  359).  Katherine, 
Lady  King,  was  the  daughter  of  Thos. 
Drury  of  Laughlin,  co.  Carlow,  which 
Thomas  was  the  son  of  Robert  of  the  same 
place  ;  and  the  said  Robert  was  the  son  of 
Edmund  Drury  of  Horton,  Bucks,  who  was 
the  fourth  son  of  Sir  Robert  of  Hedgerley, 
Bucks.  Now  the  arms  of  the  above  Ed- 
mund as  given  on  the  ancient  pedigree  of 
1602  are  Argent,  on  a  chief  vert,  a  tau 
between  two  mullets  or,  pierced  gules,  with 
a  crescent  or  on  a  crescent  sable  for  differ- 
ence. 

Two  generations  later  than  Katherine, 
Lady  King,  I  find  that  "  John  Drury, 
Esq.,  was  interred  from  Meath  Street  to 
St.  Michan's  Church,  Dublin,  ye  11  Day  of 
December,  1722,  with  escochions,"  &c. 
These  "  escochions  "  also  bear  the  bordure 
gules,  and  are  impaled  with  Walcope.  This 
John  Drury  was  grandson  of  Thomas  of 
Laughlin  (Add.  MS.  4820). 

I  shall  be  glad  of  any  information  as  to 
the  date  of,  and  reason  for,  adding  the 
bordure  gules,  and  altering  the  metal  of  the 
charges  from  or  to  argent  by  this  branch  of 
the  family,  and  why  they  did  not  continue 
to  bear  the  arms  of  their  ancestor  Edmund 
Drury,  with  his  mark  of  cadency. 

The  Drurys  of  Laughlin,  as  shown,  were 
directly  descended  from  the  Drurys  of 
Hawstead,  and  I  am  anxious  to  know 
whether  there  is  any  authority  for  these 
changes  in  the  arms.  CHARLES  DRURY. 

12,  Ranmoor  Cliffe  Road,  Sheffield. 


CLERKS  OF  THE  PEACE  :  THEIR  SIGNA- 
TURES. —  Have  these  officials  any  prescrip- 
tive or  legal  right  to  sign  the  notices  of 
Quarter  Sessions  or  summonses  to  jurors 
with  their  surnames  only,  as  if  they  were 
members  of  the  peerage  ?  In  our  county 
borough  the  Town  Clerk  is  also  Clerk  of  the 
Peace.  In  the  former  capacity  he  signs 
documents  J.  H.  E  —  s  ;  in  the  latter  as 
E—  s.  Why  ?  W.  S.  B.  H. 

[See  7  S.  xii.  469,  491  ;  and  especially  the  numerous 
references  to  former  articles  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  supplied 
by  MR.  EVEBARD  HOME  COLEMAN  at  8  S.  i.  11.] 


GARUGH  :       KNOCKA- 

BROW.  —  Lands  thus  named  are  mentioned 
in  the  will  of  Maurice  Tyrrell  of  Kildangan, 
co.  Meath,  in  1722.  They  are  probably  in 
Meath,  Kildare,  Westmeath,  or  King's 
County,  and  I  shall  be  glad  of  information 
as  to  their  situation. 

HENRY  W.  POOK,  Col. 
121,  Hither  Green  Lane,  Lewisham,  S.E. 

JOHN  BODE,  1639.  —  On  the  leaf  before 
the  title-page  of  a  copy  of  the  fourth  edi- 
tion of  '  Life  Eternal!,'  by  John  Preston, 
D.D.,  London,  1634,  in  my  possession,  is 
the  following  presentation  inscription  :  — 
To  my  worthie  Cosin,  Mr.  John  Bode,  esquier. 

Sr,  Amidst  this  revolution  and  present  muta- 
billitie  of  earthly  things,  nothing  can  be  more 
oportune,  nor  any  cogitations  more  abaysable  to 
byholde  our  spirits,  than  to  reflecte  upon  the 
eternitie  and  perfection  of  allmightie  god,  into 
whose  presence  when  we  shall  (once)  be  admitted 
we  shall  then  remaine  in  a  stable  condition.  And 
theirfor  I  do  here  offer  to  your  consideration, 
this  (purse)  full  of  (freshe)  directions  and  you 
shall  (use)  with  me  this  (informing)  treatise  [which 
if  my  (affection)  to  the  Author  misleade  me  not] 
will  prove  very  fruitfull  to  that  effecte,  from  the 
reading  wheorof  I  will  not  longer  detaine  you  then, 
while  I  subscribe  my  selfe 

your  affectionate  cosin, 

WM:  STRICKLAND. 

London  (April)  (21th)  1639. 

The  words  within  (     )  are  difficult  to  de- 
cipher. 

This  book  was  presented  by  Sir  Wm. 
Strickland,  Bt.,  of  Boynton,  a  Baron  of 
Oliver  Cromwell's  Upper  House,  to  his 
cousin  John  Bode,  whose  name  is  written 
on  the  title-page.  Can  your  readers  supply 
ne  with  information  respecting  this  John 
Bode  ?  Other  names  inscribed  in  the  book 
are  "  Robeart  "  Grange  and  William  Grange. 

T.  F.  M. 

"  FRATERNAL  "  :  "  SISTERLY."  —  Is  it  not 
ather  curious  that  there  is  no  word  that  can 
DC  used  by  women  as  men  use  "  fraternal  "  ? 
'  Sisterly  "  is  the  only  adjective  that  is' 


370 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [11  s.  iv.  NOV.  4, 1911. 


available,  but,  somehow,  "  yours  frater- 
nally "  and  "  yours  sisterly  "  do  not  seem 
to  express  a  similar  sentiment.  Is  it  pos- 
sible that  philologists  have  missed  a  word 
that  would  have  been  useful  to  the  feminine 
sex  ?  CHAS.  KING. 

Stratton,  Cornwall. 

MARLOWES. — What  is  the  origin  of  this 
name  ?  It  occurs  as  the  name  of  a  house 
in  Berkhamsted,  and  a  road  or  perhaps 
district  in  Hemel  Hempstead. 

W.  B.  GEBISH. 


JOHN    PRESTON,    D.D. 
(11  S.  iv.  308.) 

A  LIST  of  this  writer's  books  may  be  found 
in  '  D.N.B.,'  where  it  accompanies  a  bio- 
graphy by  the  Rev.  Alexander  Gordon  ;  also 
in  Allib  one's  *  Dictionary  of  Authors,'  in 
Darling's  '  Cyclopaedia  Bibliographica,'  and 
in  the  B.M.  Catalogue.  Preston  preached 
several  sermons  before  both  James  I.  and 
Charles  I.,  and  one  of  his  volumes  is  entitled 
*  Sermons  preached  before  His  Majestie  and 
upon  other  Special  Occasions.'  Your  corre- 
spondent should  see 

'>    "  The  Life  of  the  RenoAvned  Doctor  Preston, 

writ  by  his  Pupil,  Master  Thomas  Ball,  D.D 

in  the  year  1628.  Now  first  published  and  edited 
by  E.  W.  Harcourt,  Esq.,  M.P.  Oxford,  Parker, 
1885,"  8vo. 

This  is  a  most  detailed  life  of  Preston,  the 
manuscript  of  which  was  discovered  at 
Nuneham,  and  is  still  there.  This  book 
forms  the  basis  of  any  study  of  Preston's 
life.  Extracts  had  been  published  earlier, 
but  it  was  not  until  1885  that  the  book  was 
issued  entire. 

"  John  Preston,  the  son  of  Thomas  &  Alice 
Preston,  was  borne  at  Heyford,  in  Northampton- 
shire ;  a  towne  divided  by  a  little  river  into  ye 
Upper  and  Lower  Heyfords,  and  is  in  the  Maps 
oft  writ  in  ye  plural  number.  It  is  a  Rectory, 
and  hath  a  faire  church  in  the  Lower  Heyford 
but  yet  stands  in  divers  parrishes. 

"That  farme  where  Mr  Thomas  Preston  lived 
is  m  Bugbrooke  parrish,  where  they  buried  & 
baptized.  Heere  was  John  the  son  of  Thomas 
Preston  baptized  Octob  27th  1587.  Yet  was 
descended  from  that  family  of  the  Prestons  that 
lived  at  Preston  in  Lancashire,  from  Whence  his 
great  grand-father  removed,  upon  occasion  of 
a  fatall  quarrel  wth  one  Mr.  Bradshaw  a  neigh- 
bour-gentleman, whom  in  his  owne  defence  he 
slew,  &  satisfied  the  law,  £  was  acquitted  for 
it ;  but  not  the  kindred  of  the  person  killed,  who 
wayted  an  opp'tunity  of  revenge,  as  the  manner 
of  those  Northern  Countryes  then  was."— Ball's 
Life,  pp.  1-2. 


The  following  is  a  very  picturesque 
account  of  Preston's  preaching  before 
James  I.  : — 

"  It  came  to  Mr.  Preston's  turn  to  preach 
before  the  King  at  Royston.  It  fell  out  that  his 
course  came  upon  a  Tewsday,  when  the  King 
was  at  Hintchingbrook ;  the  Court  was  very 
thin,  the  Prince  &  Duke  of  Buckingham  both 
abroad,  and  the  King  himselfe  was  for  a  hunting 
match  that  day,  and  gave  order  that  the  sermon 
should  begin  at  eight  aclock.  Master  Preston 
had  some  at  court  that  were  solicitous  as  well 
as  he,  &  they  told  him  it  would  give  very  great 
content  if  he  would  take  some  occasion  in  the 
sermon  to  shew  his  judgement,  as  he  had  done 
before,  about  set  formes.  Dr.  Young,  Deane  of 
Winchester  (of  whom  I  spake  before)  did  then 
attend,  and  when  the  King  came  in  &  sate  down 
in  the  chaire,  he  told  him  who  it  was  that  preached, 
&  said  he  hoped  he  would  give  content.  I  pray 
God  he  doth,  said  the  King.  His  text  was 
Jo"  I.  16.  '  And  of  his  fulness  have  all  we 
received,  and  grace  for  grace  '  ;  wch  he  so  cleerely 
opened,  &  applyed,  that  the  King  sate  all  ye 
while  very  quiet,  &  never  stirred  or  spake  to 
anybody,  but  by  his  lookes  discovered  he  was 
pleased. 

"  When  all  was  done,  he  came  unto  him  as 
the  manner  was  to  kisse  his  hand,  when  ye  King 
asked  him  of  What  Preston  he  was  descended  ? 
he  answered  of  that  in  Lancashire  ;  then  said  the 
King,  you  have  many  of  yor  name  and  kindred 
very  eminent,  and  Preston  the  Priest,  although 
a  Papist,  is  a  very  learned  man. 

"  Great  hast  was  made  to  bring  in  dynner, 
and  the  King  was  very  pleasant  all  the  tyme, 
had  his  eye  continually  on  Mr  Preston,  &  spake 
of  divers  passadges  in  the  sermon  wth  much 
content ;  specially  that  of  the  Arminians  putting 
God  into  the  same  extremity  that  Darius  was 
put  in  (Dan.  6.)  when  he  would  have  saved  Daniel 
but  could  not.  But,  as  soone  as  ever  Mr  Preston 
was  retyred,  the  Marquess  Hamilton  kneeled 
downe,  and  besought  the  King  that  he  might 
comend  the  Preacher  to  him  for  his  Chaplyn  ; 
protested  that  he  did  not  know  him,  but  that  he 
was  moved  by  the  weight  &  strength  of  that  he 
had  delivered  ;  told  him  that  he  spake  no  pen 
&  Inckorne  language,  but  as  one  that  com- 
prehended what  he  said,  and  that  he  could 
not  but  have  substance  &  matter  in  him.  The 
King  acknowledged  all,  but  said  it  was  too  early, 
remembered  Newmarket  busyness,  &  was  re- 
served."— Ball's  '  Life,'  pp.  65-6. 

As  "  Newmarket  busyness  "  was  on  this 
occasion  so  important,  Preston  had  to  wait 
for  his  appointment  as  chaplain  ;  but,  being  a 
courtier  and  political  intriguer,  he  found 
a  kinsman,  Sir  Ralph  Freeman,  who  was 
married  to  a  relative  of  the  first  Duke  of 
Buckingham,  and  through  the  latter' s 
interest  he  was  made  chaplain  to  Charles  I. 
The  sermon  named  above  was  copied  out  to 
show  to  Prince  Charles.  (It  was  afterwards 
—1640— printed.) 

"  Both  Prince  &  Duke  had  bin  abroad,  & 
neither  of  them  had  heard  of  ye  sermon.  When 
therefore  Mr  Preston  was  brought  unto  ye  Duke, 


n  s.  iv.  NOV.  4,  MIL]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


371 


lie  very  seriously  received  him ;  told  him  it 
was  the  Prince's  unhappiness  &  his  to  be  absent 
when  he  did  preach  ;  &  therefore  desired  him  that 
he  would  voutsafe  a  coppy  of  his  sermon  to  him  ; 
and  beleeve  that  he  would  be  ready  to  the  best 
and  utmost  of  his  power  to  serve  him. 

"  There  were  many  other  courtiers  that 
desired  coppyes  of  ye  sermon  ;  and,  ye  court  not 
:staying  there,  Master  Preston  came  home  to 
furnish  coppies.  He  never  penned  sermon  word 
for  word,  but  wrote  what  came  into  his  mynde, 
And  as  it  came,  &  that  in  no  good  hand,  &  so  it 
was  a  business  to  provide  these  coppies  ;  w°h 
yet,  he  seriously  attended  untill  they  were  written 
faire,  and  then  goes  to  court,  where  the  Duke 
presents  him  to  ye  Prince  ;  and  so  he  was  made 
&  admitted  chaplin  to  ye  Prince  in  ordinary,  for 
as  then  the  Prince  had  not  compleated  the  number 
he  intended,  wch  was  six  ;  these  were  each  in- 
tended1 to  wayt  two  months  by  the  yeare,  to 
preach  unto  ye  howsehold  upon  yc  Lord's  days, 
&  p'forme  such  dutyes  as  were  required  of  them." 
— Ball's  '  Life,'  pp.  69-70. 

Preston  died  20  July,  1628,  and  is  buried 
at  Fawsley,  Northamptonshire.  He  should 
not  be  confused  with  a  contemporary, 
another  John  Preston,  Vicar  of  East  Ogwell, 
Devonshire.  In  the  'D.N.B.'  surely  "Finch- 
ingbrook  is  a  misprint  for  Hinchingbrooke. 
A  portrait  of  Preston  may  be  found  in  certain 
editions  of  '  The  New  Covenant,'  his  best- 
known  work.  A.  L.  HUMPHREYS. 

187,  Piccadilly,  W. 

A  full  list  of  the  published  works  (24 
in  number)  of  this  author  is  to  be  found  in 
the  '  D.N.B.,'  in  which  an  excellent  account 
of  this  leading  Puritan  divine  is  given. 
There  is  also  a  concise  biography  of  him  in 
Prof.  Masson's  '  Life  of  John  Milton  '  (1859), 
which  closes  with  the  remark,  "  He  died 
July  20,  1628,  and  left  not  a  few  writings." 

The  striking  sermon  (mentioned  by 
L.  S.  M.)  preached  by  Dr.  Preston  before 
Charles  I.  in  1627  (not  1630),  and  afterwards 
published,  may  be  that  referred  to  in  the 
'  D.N.B.'  in  the  following  words  r — 

"  In  November,  1627,  Preston  preached  before 
Charles  at  Whitehall  a  sermon  which  was 
regarded  as  prophetic  when,  on  the  following 
Wednesday,  news  arrived  of  Buckingham's  defeat 
•at  R6  (Nov.  8th).  He  was  not  allowed  to  preach 
Again,  but  considered  that  he  had  obtained  a  moral 
victory  for  his  cause." 

In  1630  was  published  a  volume  of  '  Five 
Sermons  preached  before  His  Majestie.' 
From  an  examination  of  the  texts  of  these 
as  given  in  the  'D.N.B.,'  I  think  that  the 
one  most  likely  to  have  been  used  on  the 
occasion  mentioned  above  is  that  on  1  Samuel 
xii.  20-22.  THOS.  F.  MANSON. 

[W.  C.  B.,  MB.  F.  J.  BURGOYNE,  MB.  W.  B. 
OEBiSH,and  H.  C.  S.  are  also  thanked  for  their 
replies.] 


BAKED  PEARS  ="  WAKDENS  "  :  BEDFORD 
FAIR  (11  S.  iv.  309). — The  connexion  between 
"  wardens  "  and  Bedford  Fair  is  easy  and 
natural.  In  the  new  edition  (1910)  of  my 
larger  '  Etymological  Dictionary  '  (which  is 
immensely  in  advance  of  all  former  editions), 
I  give  the  etymology  of  "  warden."  Briefly, 
the  older  spelling  was  wardon  (varying  to 
war  done,  wardoun,  war  dun),  and  the  pear 
was  so  named  from  Wardon  (A.-S.  Weard- 
dun)  in  Beds.  It  is  even  possible  that 
"  the  man  named  Warden  "  may  have  owed 
his  name  to  the  same  place  ;  though,  of 
course,  his  ancestor  may  have  been  a  warden 
somewhere. 

I  add  that  "  the  arms  of  Wardon  Abbey 
were  Argent,  three  wardon-pears  or."  This 
information  I  gathered  from  Sir  F.  Madden' s 
edition  of  the  '  Privy  Purse  Expenses  of 
Princess  Mary,'  p.  272.  I  shall  be  greatly 
obliged  if  any  correspondent  can  verify  this, 
or  say  what  authority  Madden  had  for  his 
statement. 

The  popular  etymology  of  "warden," 
that  it  means  a  keeping  pear,  is  not  only 
false,  as  failing  to  explain  the  older  spellings, 
but  is  also  obviously  absurd.  A  warden  was 
not  a  man  who  kept  himself,  but  one  who 
guarded  other  people. 

For  "  warden-pies  "  see  '  Winter's  Tale,' 
IV.  iii.  48.  WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

In  Hogg's  '  Fruit  Manual,'  5th  ed.,  p.  662, 
it  is  said  that  the  name  is  derived  from  the 
Cistercian  Abbey  of  Warden  in  Bedfordshire, 
the  arms  of  which  were  Ar.,  three  warden 
pears  or,  two  and  one  ;  but  the  counter-seal 
appended  to  the  deed  of  surrender,  preserved 
among  the  Augmentation  Records,  bears 
the  abbatial  arms,  namely,  a  demi-crosier 
between  three  warden  pears. 

Hogg  considered  that  the  variety  which 
gave  rise  to  the  name  is  now  called  the 
Black  Worcester  or  Parkinson's  Warden. 

J.  F.  R. 

"  Warden,"     meaning    a    pear,     is    well 
known.      '  The  Century  Dictionary  '  defines 
it  as  "  A  kind  of  pear  used  chiefly  for  roasting 
or  baking." 
Ox-cheek  when  hot,  and  wardens  baked,  some 

cry, 
But  'tis  with  an  intention  men  should  buy. 

W.  King,  '  Art  of  Cookery,'  i.  541. 

"  Wardone,  peere,  volemum.  Wardone  tree, 
volemus."  '  Prompt.  Parv.,'  p.  616. 

R.  VAUGHAN  GOWER. 

The  author  of  '  The  Ingoldsby  Legends  ' 
evidently  did  not  consider  warden  pies  to 
be  commodities  peculiar  to  Bedford.  In 


372 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  *, 1911. 


*  Nell  Cook,'  written  about  1840,  the  scene 
of  which  is  laid  in  Canterbury,  we  read  : — 
The  Canon  sighed — but,  rousing,  cried,  "  I  answer 

to  thy  call, 
And   a   warden-pie's   a   dainty   dish   to   mortify 

withal." 

E.  G.  B. 

[We  have  forwarded  to  MB.  HARRIS  STONE  the 
extract  from  Hogg's  '  Fruit  Manual '  sent  by 
MR.  ANDREW  HOPE.  MR.  A.  E.  P.  RAYMUND 
BOWLING  is  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

PEARS  :  "  BON  CHRETIEN  "  AND  "  DOY- 
ENNE DU  COMICE  "  (US.  iv.  309).  —The 
origin  of  the  name  "  bon  chretien"  for 
a  sort  of  pear  is,  I  think,  to  be  found  in 
Rabelais,  '  Pantagruel,'  Liv.  IV.  ch.  54  : — 

"  En  fin  de  table,  Homenaz  nous  donna  grand 
nombre  de  grosses  et  belles  poires,  disant  : 
Tonez,  amis  :  poires  sont  singulieres,  lesquelles 
ailleurs  ne  trouverez.  Non  toute  terre  porte  tout : 
Indie  seule  porte  le  noir  ebene....en  ceste  isle 
si'ule  naisseiit  ces  belles  poires.  Faictes-en, 
si  bon  vous  semble,  pepinieres  en  vos  pays. — 
Comment,  demanda  Pantagruel,  les  nommez- 
vous  ?  Elles  me  semblent  tres-bonnes,  et  de 
bonne  eau.  Si  on  les  cuisoit  en  casserons  par 
quartiers  avecques  un  peu  de  vin  et  de  sucre,  je 
pense  que  seroit  viende  tres-salubre  tant  es 
malades  comme  es  sains. — Non  aultrement, 
respondit  Homeiiaz.  Nous  sommes  simples  gents, 
puis-qu'il  plaist  a  Dieu.  Et  appellons  les  figues, 
figues  ;  les  prunes,  prunes  ;  et  les  poires,  poires. — 
Vraiement,  dist  Pantagruel,  quand  je  serai  en 
mon  mesnage  (ce  sera,  si  Dieu  plaist,  bien  tost), 
3 'en  affierai  et  enterai  en  mon  jardin  de  Touraine 
sus  la  rive  de  Loire,  et  seront  dictes  poires  de 
bon  Christian.  Car  onques  ne  vid  Christians 
meilleurs  que  sont  ces  bons  papimanes." 

A.  D.  JONES. 
Oxford. 

The  name  ';  Doyenne  du  Cornice  "  comes 
from  the  fact  that  this  pear  was  raised  in 
the  garden  of  the  Cornice  Horticole  at  Angers. 
The  original  tree  first  fruited  in  1849. 

Mr.  R.  D.  Blackmore,  the  author  of 
'  Lorna  Doone,'  was  a  great  authority  on 
pears,  and  said  of  this  variety  : — 

';  This  is,  to  my  mind,  the  best  of  all  pears  ; 
very  healthy,  a  certain  cropper,  of  beautiful 
growth,  and  surpassing  flavour.  I  have  grown  it 
to  the  weight  of  14  oz.  on  heavily  cropped  trees. 
But  on  a  \vall  it  is  far  inferior." 

Popular  and  modern   opinion   confirms   the 
novelist's  verdict. 

There  is  a  Doyen  Dillen,  and  there  are 
twenty-nine  pears  which  rejoice  in  the  name 
of  "  Doyenne  " — not  "  Doyenne." 

ANDREW  HOPE. 
[    Exeter. 

Hogg,  '  Fruit  Manual,'  5th  ed.,  mentions 
several  Bon  Cretien  pears,  and  considers  the 
winter  Bon  Cretien  to  be  the  type  of  the 
c  lass.  It  is  ripe  from  December  to  March. 


He  mentions  several  explanations  of  the- 
name,  but  says  :  "  Perhaps  the  most  prob- 
able derivation  is  from  the  Greek  panchresta,. 
from  TTO.V  and  XP1?0"1^  and  of  which  the 
Chrustumium  of  the  Romans  may  also  be  a 
derivation."  I  cannot  find  this  word.  The 
proposed  derivation  seems  far-fetched. 

J.  F.  R. 

The  origin  of  the  name  Bon  Chretien  has 
never  been  definitely  determined.  It  is- 
thought  to  be  the  Crustumiumof  the  Romans; 
and  Munting  affirms  that  it  appears  to  hav& 
received  its  present  name  at  the  beginning 
of  Christianity,  and  that  from  its  title  it 
deserved  the  respect  of  all  gardeners. 
Switzer  explains  that  the  pears  are  so  called 
from  not  rotting  at  the  heart,  but  beginning 
to  decay  from  the  exterior. 

Another  name  for  the  pear  is  Bon  Chretien 
de  Tours  or  de  St.  Martin,  that  saint  being 
said  to  have  first  obtained  the  variety — 
perhaps  more  probably  from  its  coming  into 
season  at  Martinmas. 

There  is  still  a  further  derivative  given, 
viz.,  that  St.  Francis  de  Paula,  the  founder 
of  the  Minims,  brought  the  species  from 
Calabria,  where  it  is  said  to  grow  in  great 
quantities,  introducing  it  into  France  at 
the  time  when  he  was  .ordered  by  Pope 
Sixtus  IV.  to  a,ttend  the  dying  Louis  XL. 
The  affectionate  name  of  both  monarch  and 
people  for  the  saintly  and  humble  visitor 
was  "  Le  bon  chretien,"  and  this  was  con- 
ferred on  the  fruit  he  introduced.  Ram- 
bosson  in  the  '  Histoire  des  Plantes  '  (Paris,. 
1868)  has  this  remark  : — 

"  Le  Bon  Chretien  nous  a  £t£  donn6  par  Saint 
Francois  de  Paula  que  Ton  surnommait  le  Bon 
Chretien  : — 
L'humble  Francois  de  Paule  etait  par  excellence,. 

Chez  nous  nomine  le  bon  chretien  ; 
Et  le  fruit  dont  le  saint  fit  part  a  notre  France 

De  ce  nom  emprunta  le  sien." 

A.  E.  P.  RAYMUND  DOWLING. 

The  '  N.E.D.'  gives  quotations  (under 
Bon)  for  Bon  Chretien  from  1575.  I  re- 
member that,  more  than  50  years  ago, 
my  father  explained  the  name  to  me  as. 
meaning  that  it  was  a  thoroughly  good 
pear,  without  any  nonsense  or  hypocrisy— 
from  peel  to  core  as  good  as  it  professed  to 
be  ;  just  what  a  "  good  Christian  "  is,  as 
distinguished  from  those  who  think  more  of 
outward  show.  ERNEST  B.  SAVAGE. 

St.  Thomas',  Douglas. 

BRISTOL  M.P.'s :  HART  AND  KNIGHT 
FAMILIES  (US.  iv.  247,  291).— It  is  such 
a  feat  to  catch  my  friend  MR.  DUNCOMBE 
PINK  tripping,  however  infinitesimal  may 


us. iv. NOV. 4, 1911.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


373 


be  the  error,  that  I  cannot  refrain  from 
pointing  out  that  he  is  wrong  in  saying  that 
George  Hart  (father  of  Sir  Richard)  was  an 
Alderman  of  Bristol.  He  was  a  Common 
Councillor  without  attaining  to  the  higher 
dignity,  from  1645  till  his  death  in  1658. 
And  MR.  PINK  is  also  in  error  in  saying  that 
Sir  John  Knight  junior  was  a  Common  Coun- 
cillor (continuously)  from  1674  to  1685. 
He  declined  to  accept  office  when  first  elected 
in  1674,  but  was  again  chosen  11  Sep- 
tember, 1679,  and  consented  to  serve,  but 
was  not  sworn  till  21  August,  1680. 

MR.  WELLS,  whose  dates  appear  to  be 
taken  from  my  '  Bristol  Lists,'  is  quite 
accurate  in  the  information  which  he  con- 
tributes, but  I  am  inclined  to  doubt  the 
authenticity  of  the  illiterate  composition 
which  he  ascribes  to  the  younger  Sir  John. 
His  authority,  I  presume,  is  Nicholls's 
'  History  of  Bristol,'  vol.  iii.  p.  142,  where 
its  original  source  is  given  in  a  foot-note  as 
"Kemy's  MS."  (whatever  that  may  be),  with 
regard  to  which  my  feeling  is  that  of  Falstaff's 
tailor  as  to  Bardolph's  security. 

MR.  AUSTIN  quotes  Williams' s  *  Parlia- 
mentary History  of  the  County  of  Glou- 
cester '  as  stating  that  Sir  John  Knight 
the  younger  was  a  son  of  the  Caroline  M.P., 
but  the  statement  is  erroneous. 

MR.  FAIRBROTHER  gives  the  date  of 
Arthur  Hart's  death  as  1686,  which,  as  he 
was  not  Mayor  till  1689,  is  obviously  in- 
correct. MR.  WELLS'S  date  (1705)  is  the 
true  one. 

WTith  regard  to  the  relationships  of  the 
Knights,  I  dealt  with  that  subject  exhaust- 
ively at  9  S.  iii.  321-2,  and  adduced  the 
evidence  on  which  my  article  was  based. 
I  think,  however,  that  one  statement  therein, 
and  one  only,  requires  modification. 

On  the  authority  of  Garrard  (which  I  now 
recognize  to  be  not  conclusive),  I  assumed 
that  George  Knight,  father  of  the  elder  Sir 
John,  was  a  son  of  Francis  (twice  Mayor  of 
Bristol)  who  died  in  1616,  and  was  father  of 
Edward,  who  was  father  of  Alderman  John 
Knight,  the  father  of  Sir  John  junior. 
Now  against  this  we  have  two  facts  :  ( 1 ) 
Francis  in  his  will  does  not  mention  a  son 
George.  (2)  Le  Neve  in  his  '  Pedigrees  of 
Knights  (p.  175)  makes  George  the  son  of 
"  John  Knight  of .  .  .  .com.  Oxon."  If  this 
be  the  case,  I  should  be  inclined  to  suggest 
that  George  may  have  been  either  a  (much 
younger)  half-brother  or  a  nephew  of  Francis. 
George's  eldest  son  was  named  Francis. 
That  George  and  Francis  were  nearly 
related  is  supported  by  the  fact  that  George's 
son  John  (afterwards  the  elder  knight), 


Francis's  second  son  Edward,  and  Edward's 
son  John  (the  father  of  Sir  John  the 
younger)  united  in  a  conveyance  of  pro- 
perty in  1658,  as  pointed  out  in  the  article 
referred  to  above.  Francis  was  a  member 
of  the  Bristol  Common  Council  as  early  as 
1579,  and  George  was  born  in  1570. 

ALFRED  B.  BEAVEN. 
Leamington. 

By  an  unfortunate  slip,  I  wrote  at  p.  292* 

Sir  "  Robert  "  Hart  instead  of  Sir  Richard. 

I  am  sorry  the  error  should  have  been  made,. 

the  more  so  as  I  refer  in  my  reply  to  "  a  slip." 

ROLAND  AUSTIN. 

"THON":  "THONDER"  (11  S.  iv.  327), 
— There  are  no  examples  in  Burns  of  either 
of  these  forms,  and  it  is  questionable  if  they 
were  used  by  Allan  Ramsay.  William 
Tarras,  from  whom  Jamieson  illustrates 
"  thon  "  as  a  word  of  Northern  Scotland, 
was  a  Buchan  man.  His  *  Poems,  chiefly  in 
the  Scottish  Dialect,'  appeared  at  Edin- 
burgh in  1804.  See  William  Walker's 
'  Bards  of  Bon-Accord,'  p.  648. 

THOMAS  BAYNE. 

"Thon"  and  "  thonder,"  as  forms  of 
"  yon  "  and  "  yonder,"  are  very  common  in 
the  county  Antrim.  I  have  for  some  time 
been  of  opinion  (perhaps  mistakenly)  that 
"  yon  "  and  "  yonder  "  are  corrupt  forms  of 
"  thon  "  and  "  thonder  "  ;  the  y  being  the 
same  perversion  of  the  Anglo-Saxon  ]?• 
(thorn)  as  we  have  in  the  common  forms 
"ye"  and  "  yt "  ("the"  and  "that"), 
each  of  which  appears  in  the  inscription  on 
Shakespear's  grave,  "  Good  friend  for 
Jesus  sake  forbeare,"  &c.  }>on  is  the 
instrumental  case,  masculine  singular,  of 
the  demonstrative  pronoun  "  se  "  (that)  in 
Anglo-Saxon. 

I  shall  be  interested  to  know  if  I  am  mis- 
taken in  this  theory.     Unfortunately,  I  know 
of  no  use  of  the  th  forms  in  literature,  nor 
have  I  come  across  any,  so  far  as  I  am  aware. 
P.  A.  MCELWAINE. 

Dublin. 

[MB.  TOM  JONES  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

"THORPSMAN"  (11  S.  iv.  327).— The 
etymology  of  "  thorpe  "  or  "  thrope,"  dis- 
cussed at  6  S.  xi.  386,  437,  may  be  noticed 
in  connexion  with  the  above. 

TOM  JONES. 

NELSON:    "  MUSLE  "  (11  S.  iv.  307,  351). 

Is  it  not  possible  that  the  word  should  be 

spelt  "muzzle,"  and  the  meaning  be  "a 
fight  with  confidence  of  thrashing  the- 


374 


NOTES  AND  Q  UERIES.         fn  s.  iv.  NOV.  4, 1911. 


opponent  "  ?  I  conjecture  this  because 
the  '  Diet,  of  Modern  Slang,'  1859,  gives  the 
meaning  of  "  muzzle "  as  "to  fight  or 
thrash  "  ;  the  word  may  come  from  asso- 
ciation with  guns.  J.  JACOBS. 
149,  Edgware  Road,  W. 

CHARLES  CORBETT,  BOOKSELLER  (US.  iv. 
148,  197,  313). — The  information  concerning 
the  soi-distant  Baronet's  occupation,  and 
place  in  Charles  Corbett's  family,  is  derived 
from  '  The  Baronetage  of  England  '  (Lon- 
don :  Printed  for  John  Stockdale,  Picca- 
dilly, 1806),  p.  554 — one  of  the  authorities 
cited  in  my  reply. 

"  Sir  "  Charles,  the  cousin  of  Sir  Richard 
<?orbett,  fourth  and  last  Baronet,  is  said  to 
have  been  descended  from  Waties  or  Waitess, 
the  fifth  son  of  Sir  Edward  Corbet  or  Corbett, 
the  first  Baronet.  Waties  Corbett,  son  of 
the  afore-named  Waties,  had  a  son  Thomas, 
whose  son  Charles  Corbett,  bookseller,  was 
the  father  of  the  claimant  Baronet.  He 
married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Thomas 
Robbins  of  Barbados,  by  whom  he  had  issue 
three  sons  and  four  daughters.  His  wife 
died  in  1803.  DANIEL  HIP  WELL. 

EARL  OF  JERSEY  :  LINES  ON  HIS  ANCES- 
TRESS (11  S.  iv.  310). — Eleanor  Brandon, 
daughter  of  Mary  Tudor  and  Charles  Bran- 
don, Duke  of  Suffolk,  married  Henry  Clifford, 
Earl  of  Cumberland.  Their  only  daughter 
and  heiress,  Margaret  Clifford,  married 
Henry  Stanley,  Earl  of  Derby.  Their  son, 
Ferdinando  Stanley,  Earl  of  Derby,  married 
Alice,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Spencer  of 
Althorp,  and  on  his  death  in  1594  left  three 
daughters  and  coheiresses,  of  whom  the 
second,  Frances,  married  John  Egerton,  Earl 
of  Bridgewater.  Their  great  -  grandson, 
Scroop  Egerton,  Duke  of  Bridgewater,  by 
his  first  wife,  Elizabeth,  daughter  and  co- 
heiress of  John  Churchill,  Duke  of  Marl- 
borough,  had  a  daughter  Anne,  who  mar- 
ried, first,  Wriothesley  Russell,  Duke  of 
Bedford,  and,  secondly,  William  Villiers, 
Earl  of  Jersey,  the  ancestor  of  the  present 
earl.  By  his  second  wife,  Rachel,  daughter 
of  Wriothesley,  Duke  of  Bedford,  and  sister 
of  his  son-in-law,  the  Duke  of  Bridgewater 
had  a  daughter  Louisa,  who  married  Gran- 
ville  Leveson-Gower,  Marquis  of  Stafford, 
the  ancestor  of  the  present  Duke  of  Suther- 
land, 

The  poem  referred  to  by  the  writer  in  The 
Sketch  is  probably  the  epistle  addressed 
by  "Charles  Brandon,  Duke  of  Suffolk, 
to  Mary,  the  French  Queen,"  which  forms 
one  of  '  England's  Heroical  Epistles,'  by 


Michael  Drayton.  It  is  supposed  to  be 
written  in  reply  to  one  from  the  queen, 
and  without  going  to  the  length  of  eulogy 
adopted  by  The  Sketch,  it  certainly  contains 
some  very  fine  lines.  The  following  may 
be  taken  as  a  specimen  :  — 

One  of  thy  tressed  Curls  then  falling  down, 

As  loath  to  be  imprisoned  in  thy  Crown, 

I  saw  the  soft  Air  sportively  to  take  it, 

And  into  strange  and  sundry  forms  to  make  it  ; 

Now  parting  it  to  four,  to  three,  to  twain, 

Now  twisting  it,  then  it  untwist  again  ; 

Then  make  the  threads  to  dally  with  thine  Eye, 

A  Sunny  Candle  for  a  golden  Fly. 

At  length  from  thence  one  little  tear  it  got, 

Which  falling  down  as  though  a  Star  had  shot, 

My  up-turn'd  Bye  pursu'd  it  with  my  Sight, 

The  which  again  redoubled  all  my  Might. 

W.  F.  PRIDEATJX. 


Eleanor  Brandon,  younger  daughter  of 
Mary  Tudor  by  her  second  husband,  married 
Henry,  Earl  of  Cumberland.  Their  only 
child,  Margaret,  married  Henry,  4th  Earl 
of  Derby,  while  William,  3rd  Earl  of  Jersey, 
married  (1733)  Anne,  granddaughter  of  the 
aforesaid  Henry,  4th  Earl  of  Derby. 

W.  A.  B.  COOLIDGE. 
Chalet  Montana. 


DUMAS  ON  CLEOPATRA'S  NEEDLES  (11  S. 
iv.  246).  —  To  the  references  given  add 
'  Egyptian  Obelisks,'  by  Henry  H.  Gorringe, 
Lieutenant-Commander  United  States  Navy 
(London,  J.  C.  Nimmo,  1885,  large  4to).  The 
author  contrived  and  carried  out  the  re- 
moval of  the  obelisk,  sister  to  that  in  London, 
from  Alexandria  to  Central  Park,  New  York. 
The  book  gives  an  account  of  this  work 
(including  the  negotiations),  as  well  as  of 
the  removal  of  the  Luxor  Obelisk  to  Paris, 
and  of  that  of  the  other  Alexandria  Obelisk 
to  London.  There  are  fifty  illustrations, 
many  of  which  give  the  machinery  used 
in  removing  and  erecting  the  three  obelisks, 
as  well  as  that  used  for  the  Vatican  Obelisk. 
The  chapters  about  the  New  York  Obelisk 
are  by  Gorringe  ;  those  about  the  Paris, 
London,  and  Vatican  obelisks  are  by 
Lieut.  Seaton  Schroeder,  United  States 
Navy,  who  was  Gorringe' s  assistant.  There 
is  also  a  chapter  giving  "  A  Record  of  all 
Egyptian  Obelisks,"  as  well  as  one  of 
' '  Notes  on  the  Ancient  Methods  of  Quarry- 
ing, Transporting,  and  Erecting  Obelisks." 
Chap.  viii.  (the  last),  being  an  "  Analysis  of 
the  Materials  and  Metals  found  with  the 
Obelisk  at  Alexandria,"  is  "  arranged  by 
Prof.  Persifor  Frazer." 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  4,  Mil.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


375 


'  Alexandre  Dumas  on  Cleopatra's  Needle  ' 
inclines  me  to  think  that  the  following 
account  of  a  much  earlier  date  may  be  of 
interest  to  some  of  your  readers,  more  par- 
ticularly as  it  gives  the  approximate  date 
when  our  Cleopatra's  Needle  was  over- 
thrown, and  also  a  curious  suggestion  as  to 
its  removal  to  England. 

The  extract  is  taken  from  a  very  inter- 
esting account  of  a  journey  from  Madras  to 
Marseilles,  via  the  Red  Sea  and  overland  from 
Cosseir,  orKosseir,  to  Alexandria,  by  a  servant 
of  the  Hon.  East  India  Company,  Mr.  Eyles 
Irwin,  in  the  year  1777,  which  is  perhaps  the 
first  account  of  an  "  overland  "  journey  from 
India  to  Europe,  although  it  would  appear 
that  it  was  not  unusual  for  servants  of  the 
East  India  Company  to  proceed  from 
Alexandria  to  Suez,  and  via  the  Red  Sea  to 
India  in  the  Company's  ships. 

"  Oct.  1st,  1777.  In  the  afternoon  we  went 
to  see  Cleopatra's  Needle,  which  lies  to  the  east- 
ward of  the  city  [Alexandria].  It  is  almost  close 
to  the  sea,  and  lifts  up  its  head  amidst  an  heap 
of  ruins,  which  appear  to  have  been  a  circle  of 
magnificent  buildings,  which  surround  it. 

"It  is  said  that  there  were  originally  three 
obelisks  which  bore  the  name,  and  that  one  has 
been  buried  by  its  own  weight  and  the  rising  of 
the  sand  about  it. 

"It  is  certain,  however,  that  two  of  them 
stood  here  at  about  fifty  yards  asunder — one  of 
them  was  torn  up  by  the  roots  in  a  violent  storm 
some  years  ago,  and  '  prone  on  the  ground  lies 
grovelling  many  a  rood.' 

"  These  obelisks  are  of  granite,  which  is  the 
marble  peculiar  to  this  place.  They  are  of  a 
single  stone,  sixty  feet  in  length,  and  covered 
on  all  sides  with  hieroglyphics. 

"  The  one  which  is  standing  yields  only  in 
beauty  to  Pompey's  Pillar  among  the  remains 
of  this  august  city,  and  it  is  a  -wonder  that  no 
attempt  has-  been  made  to  transport  the  fallen 
needle  to  Europe. 

"  What  a  beautiful  termination  would  it  make 
to  one  of  the  vistas  at  Chatsworth  !  What  a 
noble  addition  would  it  prove  to  the  collection  at 
Stow  1  But  the  expenses  would  be  too  heavy 
for  any  but  a  princely  purse  to  discharge,  and  the 
relic  would  be  too  valuable  for  any  but  a  monarch 
to  possess." 

The  author  also  gives  an  account  of 
Pompey's  Pillar  and  the  prank  of  some  Eng- 
lish sailors,  who  by  means  of  a  kite  got  a 
rope  over  the  top,  by  which  they  ascended. 
In  proof  of  this  he  says  that  the  initials 
of  their  names  were  legible  in  black  paint 
just  beneath  the  capital.  They  found  that 
a  foot  and  ankle  of  a  statue  were  at  the  top. 
Near  Pompey's  Pillar  were  a  number  of 
granite  pillars,  about  thirty  feet  high,  of 
a,  single  stone,  placed  in  parallel  lines, 
thirty  of  which  were  still  standing. 

H.  A.  C.  SATJNDERS. 


I  remember  well  the  solitary  obelisk  now 
standing  erect  on  the  Thames  Embank- 
ment when  it  was  lying  prone  on  the  sand 
at  Ramleh,  close  to  Alexandria  in  Egypt, 
as  it  supplied  a  convenient  seat  after  a  walk 
on  the  seashore  in  the  burning  heat. 

Ismail  Pasha  or  his  predecessor,  I  believe, 
had  presented  it  to  the  English  nation  prior 
to  1868,  the  year  that  I  made  its  acquaint- 
ance ;  and  it  started  its  adventurous  voyage 
to  England  just  ten  years  later  through 
the  munificence  of  Sir  Erasmus  Wilson, 
when  it  broke  loose  from  its  moorings  in 
the  stormy  Bay  of  Biscay  before  it  was 
safely  landed  on  our  coasts. 

Dumas  speaks  of  one  Needle  as  "couchee 
et  a  moitie  ensevelie  dans  le  sable  "  in  1830, 
but  he  does  not  mention  whether  at  Ramleh 
or  elsewhere.  WILLIAM  MERCER. 

HISTORY     or    ENGLAND     WITH    RIMING 
VERSES  (11  S.  iv.  168,  233,  278).— I  remem- 
ber approximately  the  first   two  verses  of 
the  "  old  song  "  referred  to  by  MR.  HERBERT 
B.  CLAYTON  at  the  last  reference  : — 
The  Romans  in  England  at  first  did  sway, 
And  the  Saxons  after  them  led  the  way, 
And  they  tugged  with  the  Danes  till  an  overthrow 
Which  both  of  them  got  from  the  Norman  bow  ; 

Yet  barring  all  pother, 

Both  one  and  the  other 

Were  all  of  them  kings  in  their  turn. 
King  William  the  Conqueror  first  did  reign, 
And  William  his  son  by  an  arrow  was  slain, 
And  Henry  the  First  was  a  scholar  bright, 
And  Stephen  was  forced  for  his  crown  to  fight. 

Yet  barring  all  pother,  &c. 

JOHN  R.  MAGRATH. 
Queen's  College,  Oxford. 

By  a  curious  coincidence  MR.  HERBERT  B. 
CLAYTON  has,  so  to  speak,  forced  my  hand, 
and  I  hope  he  will  force  others  to  answer  his 
query  satisfactorily.  I  have  spent  some 
time  over  the  '  History  of  England '  in  verse 
he  alludes  to,  and  have  some  notes  on  it. 
There  are  about  half  a  dozen  editions  of  a 
song  in  the  Music  Catalogue  in  the  British 
Museum,  ranging  from  1790  to  1876.  The 
first  line  is  "  The  Romans  in  England  they 
once  did  sway,"  and  the  song  concludes  with 
"  They  were  all  of  them  kings  in  their  turn." 
The  title  is  '  The  Chapter  of  Kings :  a 
celebrated  historical  song,  written  by  Mr. 
Collins,  and  sung  by  Mr.  Dignum.'  Another 
edition  says,  "  Sung  with  universal  applause 
by  Mr.  Collins,  author  of  'The  Brush.3' 
The  later  editions  (1839  and  onwards)  are 
"  carried  on  to  the  present  Reign  with 
Chronological  References,  by  D.  M." 

One  bibliographical  item  ought  not  to  be 
omitted.  In  1 8 1 8  a  little  book  was  published 


376 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        tn  s.  iv.  NOV.  4, 1911, 


called  '  The  Chapter  of  Kings,'  which  no  doubt 
was  considered  a  work  of  art  at  the  time. 
Each  verse  has  two  pictures — the  lines  of 
the  verse  underneath,  and  the  historical 
facts  at  top.  Now  '  The  Brush '  was  an 
entertainment,  and  as  such  was  published 
as  late  as  1899  in  Oxberry's  'Theatrical 
Banquet.'  The  song  was  sung  in  'The 
Brush  '  by  the  author,  in  the  character  of 
an  Irish  schoolmaster,  as  we  learn  from  a 
little  book  published  at  Birmingham  in 
1804,  entitled  '  Scripscrapologia  :  Collins's 
Doggerel  Dish  of  all  Sorts,  consisting  of 
songs,  comic  tales,  quaint  epigrams.'  To 
this  a  portrait  of  Collins  is  prefixed,  and  from 
the  contents  it  seems  he  was  a  Bath  personage 
or  performer.  That  is  as  far  as  I  can  carry 
the  matter  at  present.  Unfortunately,  Bath 
material  for  Collins  seems  scarce  :  Keene's 
Bath  Journal  for  the  years  likely  to  give 
particulars  of  Collins  is  not  in  the  British 
Museum.  A.  RHODES. 

'  History  of  the  Kings  and  Queens  of 
England  in  Verse,  from  King  Egbert  to 
Queen  Victoria,'  by  A.  Rossendale,  appeared 
in  1846 ;  and  in  the  following  year  there  was 
published  '  The  Royal  Remembrancer  ;  or, 
Versified  History  of  English  Sovereigns.' 
The  author,  W.  Worth,  covers  the  same 
period  ;  but  there  is  no  resemblance  between 
the  two  works.  Thomas  Dibdin  also  pro- 
duced a  metrical  version  of  English  history  ; 
the  manuscript  was  in  rny  hands  a  few  years 
ago,  but  I  cannot  give  its  title  at  present. 
ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

ARNO  SURNAME  (11  S.  iv.  290). — In  one 
case,  at  least — Arno's  Grove,  Southgate, 
Middlesex — this  name  appears  as  a  form  of 
Arnold.  Some  account  of  this  interesting- 
house,  formerly  "  Arnold's  Grove,"  appears 
in  Thome's  'Environs  of  London,'  part  ii. 
p.  560.  A  description  of  Arno's  Grove  will 
also  be  found  in  '  The  Beauties  of  England 
and  Wales  '  (London  and  Middlesex),  vol.  ii. 
p.  709,  facing  which  reference  is  a  fine  con- 
temporary engraving  of  the  mansion. 

F.  S.   SNELL. 


Court,"  was  some  years  ago  purchased 
by  Roman  Catholics,  and  is  now  used  as  a 
reformatory  for  youthful  offenders  of  that 
faith.  E.  T.  MORGAN. 

Bristol  Cathedral. 

MR.  A.  H.  ARKLE  can  find  the  name  of 
Arno  in  the  current  London  *  Post  Office 
Directory,'  in  the  "  Court "  section,  and 
the  son  of  this  Arno  in  the  suburban  division 
of  the  same  '  Directory.'  The  former  would 
be  described  in  French  as  a  rentier,  whilst 
the  latter  is  a  Fellow  of  the  Surveyors? 
Institution.  A.  H. 

[DRYASDUST  and  MB.  A.  LEWIS  are  thanked  for 
replies.] 

THOMAS  OLIVER,  BOND  STREET  (US.  iv. 
290). — There  is  no  one  of  this  name  among 
Bond  Street  residents  in  the  '  Universal 
British  Directory,'  1790-91.  There  were  then 
four  of  the  name  living  in  Mark  Lane,  Brick 
Lane,  Fleet  Street,  and  Brook  Street.  The 
prerogative  will  of  Robert  Oliver  of  St. 
James's,  Westminster,  proved  4  Feb.,  1773, 
mentions  his  godson  Robert  Oliver,  son  of 
Thomas  Oliver.  W.  ROBERTS  CROW. 

According  to  the  '  Universal  British 
Directory  of  Trade  and  Commerce'  (1791), 
he  then  traded  as  a  French  trimming-maker 
at  112,  New  Bond  Street. 

DANIEL  HIPWELL. 

There  was  a  clock-  and  watch-maker 
named  Thomas  Oliver  in  business  in  1790- 
1800  at  2,  Brook  Street,  Hanover  Square,, 
which  is  close  to  Bond  Street. 

TOM  JONES. 

Thomas  Oliver  was  a  well-known  jeweller 
|  and  goldsmith  at   17,  Fleet  Street,  at  this 
date,  but  I  cannot  find  this  name  at  Bond 
Street  anywhere  near  1786. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

LEMAN  STREET,  E.  (11  S.  iv.  210,  258,  316).. 
—In  the  "  Antiquities  "  column  of  The  East 
London  Advertiser  for  13  July,  1901,  is  a 
long  account  of  this  street  and  of  the  Leman 
family,  written  by  myself.  The  paper  was- 
reprinted  in  '  East  London  Antiquities.' 
The  street  was  named  after  William  Leman, 


Latimer,  in  his  '  Annals  of  Bristol  in  the 
Eighteenth  Century,'  says  that  a  publican 

of  the  name  of  Arno  kept  an  inn  in  High  !  a  nephew  of  Sir  John  Leman,  Lord  Mayor  of 
Street,  Bristol,  in  the  year  1773.  London   in    1616-17,    and   the   inheritor   of 

About  a  mile  from  Bristol  Railway  Station, 
along  the  Bath  Road,  there  is  a  locality 
named  "  Arno's  Vale,"  but  the  derivation 
of  this  designation  is  unknown. 

About  1757  a  Bristol  merchant  named 
Reeve  built  a  large  mansion  at  Arno's  Vale. 
This  mansion,  which  was  known  as  "  Arno's 


the  greater  part  of  his  estates,  which  included 
a  considerable  amount  of  property  in  the 
East  End.  Goodman's  Fields  were  some- 
times known  as  Leman' s  Fields.  William 
Leman  married  Rebecca,  elder  daughter  and 
coheiress  of  Edward  Prescott,  citizen  and 
salter.  He  was  created  a  baronet  3  March, 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  4,  MIL]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


377 


1664/5,  and  was  buried  at  Northaw,  co. 
Herts,  3  September,  1667.  He  was  suc- 
ceeded in  the  baronetcy  by  his  eldest  son, 
William,  who  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Sir 
Lewis  Mansel,  Bt.,  of  Margam,  co.  Gla- 
morgan. He  died  18  July,  1701,  and  was 
succeeded  by  his  grandson  William,  his 
eldest  son,  Mansel  Leman,  having  prede- 
ceased him.  Mansel  Leman  had  married  on 
17  May,  1683,  Lucy  Alie  of  St.  Dunstan's-in- 
the-East.  It  was  through  these  marriages 
that  Great  Prescott  Street,  Mansel  Street, 
and  Great  and  Little  Alie  Streets  derived 
their  names. 

The  name  was  accented  on  the  first  syl- 
lable, as  in  the  ordinary  word  that  occurs 
dn  the  old  Shakespearian  song  : — 

A  cup  of  wine,  that 's  brisk  and  fine, 

And  drink  unto  the  leman  mine, 
And  a  merry  heart  lives  long-a. 

'  Henry  IV.,'  Part  II.,  V.  iii. 
W.  F.  PEIDEAUX. 

"  ALL     MY     EYE      AND      BETTY     MARTIN  " 

•(11  S.  iv.  207,  254,  294,  313).— May  I  submit 
the  following,  which  I  copy  from  a  newspaper 
cutting  dated  December,  1906  ? — 

"  MY  EYE  AND  BETTY  MARTIN. — The  origin 
of  this  phrase  has  been  given  by  Dr.  Butler,  who 
was  head  master  of  Shrewsbury  School,  and  after- 
wards Bishop  of  Lichfield  and  Coventry.  It 
appears  that  many  years  ago  a  party  of  gipsies 
were  apprehended  and  taken  before  a  magistrate. 
The  constable  gave  evidence  against  a  very 
•extraordinary  woman,  named  Betty  Martin. 
She  became  violently  excited,  rushed  up  to  him, 
and  gave  him  a  tremendous  blow  in  the  eye. 
After  which  the  boys  and  rabble  used  to  follow 
the  unfortunate  officer  with  cries  of  '  My  eye  and 
Betty  Martin.'  " 

H.    GOUDCHAUX. 

Versailles. 

[MB.  T.  SHEPHERD  and  MR.  GEORGE  WHERRY 
-are  also  thanked  for  replies.] 

"  AS    SURE  AS  GOD    MADE  LITTLE  APPLES  " 

(11  S.  iv.  289). — I  have  always  understood 
that  this  was  a  Devonshire  or  West-Country 
proverb,  and  that  the  full  rendering  was  : 
"  As  sure  as  God  made  little  apples  on  big 
.trees."  JOHN  HODGKIN. 

I  remember  this  saying  in  Norwich  more 
than  forty  years  ago  ;  and  quite  recently 
I  heard  it  here  in  Bristol.  Curiously  enough, 
in  both  places  I  recall  it  as  having  been  used 
by  old  Army  officers. 

FREDERICK  T.  HIBGAME. 

This  is  a  widely  known  saying — in  North 
Midland  counties  at  any  rate  and  years  ago 
I  often  heard  it  in  Derbyshire  in  this  form, 
""As  sure  as  God  made  crab  apples." 


Crab  or  wild  apples  are  by  no  means 
enticing  to  eat  until  they  have  been  well 
"smothered,"  and  even  then  are  "as  sour 
as  a  crab  "  ;  but  some  eat  them  with  a 
relish  and  consider  them  good  for  the  body 
medicinally,  though  in  what  way  I  cannot 
say.  It  is  a  fruit  despised,  yet  some  say 
things  in  its  favour  and  find  pleasure  in 
"  munching  "  it.  THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

Worksop. 

I  have  never  heard  this  expression,  but 
it  recalls  a  saying  familiar  to  me  in  London, 
"  I  can't  do  so-and-so  for  little  apples." 

H.  I.  B. 

"  He  can't  do  this,  that,  or  the  other  for 
little  apples  "  has  appeared  within,  I  should 
say,  the  last  ten  years,  probably  originating 
at  one  of  the  Universities.  These  "  little 
apples  "  have  ousted  from  favour  the  older 
symbols,  "  toffee,"  "  nuts,"  &c. 

SUSSEX. 

[C.  C.  B.  and  MR.  F.  A.  RUSSELL  are  also 
thanked  for  their  replies.] 

DATES  IN  ROMAN  NUMERALS  (11  S.  iv. 
250,  315). — The  best  *  Synopsis  of  the  Roman 
Numerals  '  which  I  have  met  with  is  in  '  The 
Tutor's  Assistant ;  being  a  Compendium  of 
Arithmetic,'  &c.,  by  Francis  Walkingame.  I 
suppose,  perhaps  wrongly,  that  the  Synopsis 
is  given  in  all  editions  of  Walkingame. 
Mine  is  "By  T.  Crosby.  A  New  Edition 
corrected.  .  .  .by  Samuel  Maynard,  editor  of 
Keith's  Mathematical  Works,  &c.,  1848." 

On  p.  45,  foot-note,  mention  is  made  of 
S.  Maynard,  Mathematical  and  Philosophical 
Bookseller,  No.  8,  Earl's  Court,  Cranbourn 
Street,  Leicester  Square. 

The  Synopsis  appears  on  pp.  19-22. 
Walkingame,  Crosby,  or  Maynard  says  that 
he  has  been  chiefly  indebted  to  the  following 
w^orks  :  Peter  Bungus,  '  Bergomatis  Nu- 
merorum,'  &c.,  second  edition,  4to,  Bergomi 
ooioxci ;  M.  I.  Tritheme,  '  Polygraphie,' 
4to,  Paris,  1561  ;  and  I.  Gerrard,  '  Sigla- 
rium  Romanum,'  4to,  London,  MDCCXCII. 
In  the  date  of  the  first  of  these  three  books 
the  figure  8,  which  we  call  Arabic,  lying  on 
its  side,  means  1000. 

In  the  Synopsis  the  reversed  c  (i.e.,  o) 
is  invariably  placed  half  above  and  half 
below  the  line.  This,  however,  is  not  a 
general  rule.  For  1000  there  are  twelve 
variants  :  M  ;  or  M  ;  or  oo  ;  or  a  large  O 
standing  on  and  pierced  by  something  like 
an  anchor;  or  DO:  ;  or  ciO  ;  or  i ;  or  8  ; 
or  a  symbol  in  the  shape  of  St.  Andrew's 
Cross  with  plain  ends  ;  or  one  like  M,  its 
dexter  stroke  barbed,  with  a  shallow  middle, 


378 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        m  s.  iv.  NOV.  4,  mi. 


in  which  stands  an  I  (?  an  Egyptian  cross)  ; 
or  one  resembling  a  trident  standing  on  its 
prongs,  with  a  short  handle  capped  by  a 
stroke  ;  or  M  . 

The  complications  are  puzzling,  e.g., 
when  what  I  have  compared  to  a  trident  has 
the  stroke  cutting  the  handle  instead  of  on 
the  top,  the  symbol  equals  100,000.  Again, 
another  symbol  for  100,000  resembles  the 
conventional  feather  of  an  arrow,  a  per- 
pendicular line  supported  on  each  side  by 
three  diagonal  lines.  The  addition  of  one 
supporting  line  on  each  side  raises  the  figure 
to  1,000,000.  These  are  a  few  examples. 

Following  these  numerical  letters  and  sym- 
bols, which  range  from  1  to  10,000,000,000, 
are  two  notes.  The  first  of  these  gives 
examples  of  the  point  or  stop,  often  intro- 
duced to  divide  one  character  from  another, 
when  the  number  is  expressed  by  more  than 
one  letter,  e.g.,  C.XL  ;  C.D.XC.IX.  The 
second  gives  the  "  marks  frequently  seen 
added  to  magical  characters  (see  H.  C. 
Agrippa,  'De  Occulta  Philosophia,'  folio, 
1533)  "  ;  e.g.,  a  plain  Latin  cross  means  ten  ; 
the  same  minus  the  dexter  arm  means  five ; 
the  same  cross  plus  a  lower  arm  on  the 
sinister  side  equals  fifteen  ;  and  so  on,  till 
the  cross  with  o  attached  to  the  sinister 
arm  means  one  thousand.  Then  follow 
"  Roman  characters,  found  in  ancient  Latin 
manuscripts.  .  .  .seemingly  arbitrary." 

The  dates  given  by  F.  R.  F.  in  his  query, 
amended  on  p.  315,  are  undoubtedly  1596, 
1697,  and  1579.  MB.  GRAY'S  interpretations 
require  the  addition  of  400  in  each  case. 

The  discussion  concerning  Roman  nu- 
merals gives  me  an  opportunity  of  asking  the 
following  question  :  Why,  in  English  and, 
perhaps,  other  letterpress,  is  a  full  stop 
placed  after  the  Roman  numeral  ? 

I  am  open  to  correction,  but  I  believe  that 
the  stop  does  not  appear  in  ancient  Roman 
inscriptions,  except  as  dividing  all  words, 
numbers  included,  from  one  another. 

I  have  inspected  a  good  many  coins, 
almost  all  of  the  nineteenth  and  this  century 
— English,  French,  Spanish,  Prussian,  Portu- 
guese, &c.  In  only  two  instances  have  I 
found  the  stop  as,  perhaps,  the  completion 
of  the  numeral  :  one  is  a  twopenny  piece  of 
George  III.,  dated  1797 ;  the  other  is  a 
120-grani  piece  of  Ferdinand  II.,  King  of  the 
Two  Sicilies,  1856.  The  intention  of  the 
stop  above  the  line  in  the  twopenny  piece 
is  doubtful.  The  half-crown  (1817)  and 
the  crown  (1820)  of  "George  III"  have  no 
stop  after  the  numeral.  A  rupee  dated 
1835  has  "William  IIII,  King."  The 


comma  divides  IIII  from  King,  and  after 
King  comes  a  full  stop,  as,  similarly,  a  full 
stop  follows  1835  on  the  reverse. 

Our  coins  of  the  last  King  and  of  the 
present  have  VII  and  V  respectively,  with- 
out stops.  The  Roman  numerals  on  the 
faces  of  clocks  and  watches  have  none. 

One's  bookbinder,  unless  he  is  forbidden  to 
do  so,  as  mine  has  been  for  many  years, 
puts  in  the  stop  wherever  he  can,  although 
it  may  be  unnecessary.  Perhaps  it  counts 
as  a  letter  in  the  bill.  According  to  my 
observation,  one  hardly  ever  finds  the  stop 
on  "  publisher's  cloth  "  after  the  numbers  of 
the  volumes,  or  after  the  title,  &c. 

ROBEBT    PlEBPOINT, 

My  answer  to  F.  R.  F.'s  query  was  based 
on  the  Scottish  method  of  enumeration,  e.g., 
Nelson's  monument  at  Forres,  N.B.,  erected 
in  1806.  The  date  is  there  expressed  by 
looioooovi.,  which  means  that  I  before 
two  reverse  c's  signifies  1000 ;  I  before  one 
reverse  c  imports  500 ;  3  c  letters  indicate 
300;  vi,  6=1806  (People's  Friend,  31  May, 
1909).  PATBICK  GBAY. 

Dundee. 

The  following  from  The  Library  World,. 
1899-1900,  vol.  ii.  p.  218,  may  help  your 
querist : — 

"  In  old  books  M[  =  1000]  is  sometimes  given  ins 
this  manner  cio,  and  the  D  like  10,  therefore  CIOD 
is  1500.  Look  on  the  two  cs  which  are  equal  to 
M,  or  1000,  as  a  circle,  thus — O,  and  consider  it 
to  be  1000  ;  then  by  cutting  it  in  two,  ciO,  you  have 
two  500s." 

Thus  cio|io|xcvi  =  1596  ;  cio|ioc]xcvii  = 
1697;  cio|D|LXxix=1579.  F.  C.  C. 

Huddersfield. 

[It  has  been  the  general  practice  of  printers 
to  insert  a  full  stop  after  Roman  letters  used  as 
numerals  for  dates  or  to  distinguish  sovereigns 
bearing  the  same  Christian  name  ;  but  the  late 
Howard  Collins  in  his  '  Authors'  and  Printers' 
Guide,'  which  is  intended  as  a  style-book  for 
printing-offices,  advocates  the  omission  of  the- 
full  stop  in  the  above  instances.  In  recent 
numismatic  works  the  point  is  often  omitted. 

MR.  GRAY  reverses  every  c  in  his  Nelson  in- 
scription, thus  introducing  a  fresh  element  of 
uncertainty.] 

ROBEBT  PABB,  CENTENABIAN  (11  S.  iv.. 
309). — Although  I  cannot  say  whether  there 
is  an  inscription  at  Kinver,  Staffs,  to  the 
above,  the  following  note,  which  I  made  from 
The  Sheffield  Advertiser  of  16  November, 
1792,  may  be  of  interest  to  your  corre- 
spondent : — 

"  Lately  at  Skiddy's  Aim  House  in  Cork,  Cathe- 
rine Parr,  aged  103,  great-granddaughter  of 
Thomas  Parr  of  England." 

CHAS.  HALL  CBDUCH. 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  4,  MIL]         NOTES  AND  QU  ERIES. 


379 


In  L'Intermediaire,  10  Septembre,  1911, 
is  to  be  found  a  reproduction  of  a  portrait  of 
Jean  Causeur,  with  a  brief  account  of  his 
life.  He  was  born  in  1638,  at  the  village  of 
Ploumoguer,  in  Lower  Brittany,  and  died 
on  10  July,  1775,  at  the  village  of  Saint- 
Mathieu,  near  Brest  !  In  his  latest  years 
his  beard  became  replaced  by  a  slight  down, 
but  at  the  age  of  120  he  still  shaved  himself 
and  knelt  down  to  hear  mass. 

As  members  of  the  white  race  reach  their 
prime  about  30,  it  is  scarcely  credible  that 
any  of  them,  even  if  of  very  placid  tempera- 
ment, resist  the  wear  and  tear  of  life  for 
four  or  five  times  that  period.  Negro 
slaves  in  America  have  been  credited  with 
reaching  an  immense  age.  To  what  years 
do  African  blacks  attain  ?  They  mature 
earlier  than  whites,  but  having  less  highly 
developed  brains,  they  do  not  suffer  from 
the  mental  anxiety  which,  according  to 
doctors,  saps  the  strength  of  many  whites. 

M.  P. 

DR.  WILLIAM  MEAD,  CENTENARIAN  (11  S. 
iv.  310). — The  inscription  to  this  person  is 
to  be  found  on  an  altar -tomb  in  Ware 
churchyard,  close  to  the  south-east  corner  of 
the  church.  It  reads  : 

In  memory  of  William  Mead,  M.D., 

Who  departed  this  life  the  28th  of  October, 

1652,  aged  148  Years  and  9  Months 

3  Weeks  and  4  Days. 

In  the  parish  register,  under  burials,  we 
find:— 

"  1652.  Nov.  4.  George  Mead,  doctor  of 
Physick." 

No  age  is  specified,  and  the  Christian  name 
is  not  the  same  ;  but  the  entry  doubtless 
refers  to  William  Mead,  who  died  at  Tun- 
bridge  Wells,  and  was  brought  to  Ware  for 
burial. 

Local  tradition  states  that  Mead's  age  was 
but  48,  the  *'  1 "  being  added  by  a  mason  when 
the  inscription  was  recut  on  a  new  slab  some 
sixty  years  ago.  Perhaps  the  same  humorist 
altered  George  to  William. 

W.  B.  GERISH. 
[MR.  C.  HALL  CROUCH  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

TWINS  AND  SECOND  SIGHT  (11  S.  iii.  469  ; 
iv.  54,  156,  259,  299). — I  am  sorry  we  have 
lost  sight  of  the  curious  statement  made 
by  your  original  correspondent :  that  a 
certain  twin  could  detect  another  twin, 
though  unrelated  to  her  and  a  stranger. 
This  differs  from  the  sympathy,  physio- 
logical and  psychological,  between  twins 
of  one  bearing  which  has  of  late  been  dis- 
cussed in  '  N.  &  Q.'  ST.  SWITHIN. 


on 


Frederick  James  Furnivall  :   a  Volume  of  Personal 
Record.     (Oxford  University  Press.) 

FURNIVALL'S  seventy-fifth  birthday  was  cele- 
brated by  a  miscellany  to  which  scholars  from 
many  quarters  contributed.  It  was  felt  that  his 
great  services  to  English  letters  deserved  some 
special  recognition.  Now,  again,  when  his  long 
life  is  ended,  a  host  of  friends  have  joined  together 
in  giving  some  idea  of  the  man,  his  splendid 
enthusiasm,  his  many  lovable  qualities,  and  his 
extravagances.  Mr.  John  Munro,  wlio  has  been 
associated  With  him  in  Shakespearian  work, 
leads  off  with  a  memoir  which  gives  an  excellent 
idea  of  the  Doctor  and  no  fewer  than  forty-nine 
friends  follow. 

From  all  these  appreciations  one  who  did  not 
know  Furnivall  can  get  an  idea  of  the  vividness 
of  his  personality,  his  lack  of  reserve,  and  the 
boyishness  which  he  retained  to  the  end.  His 
vigour  was,  no  doubt,  in  part  due  to  his  ascetic 
habits  ;  and  the  fact  that  he  received  his  friends 
in  an  A.  B.C.  shop  rather  than  in  an  opulent, 
London  Club  is  characteristic  of  him. 

He  was  always  pugnacious  and  "  loved  a  row," 
and  on  occasions  of  this  sort  one  might  say  of  him 
what  Ben  Jonson  said  of  Shakespeare  :  "  Some- 
times it  was  necessary  he  should  be  stop'd  : 
Sufflaminandus  erat,  as  Augustus  said  of  Haterius." 
Most  of  these  outbursts  are  now  wisely  forgotten,, 
but  his  friends  ought  to  have  kept  him  in  better 
order.  As  late  as  1909  '  The  Shakspere  Allusion- 
Book  '  prints  a  note  of  his  concerning  a  woodcut 
of  some  old  drunkards  with  beasts'  heads  at 
table  ;  who  are  said  to  represent  "  certain  swinish 
Shakspereans."  To  allow  such  vulgar  abuse  to 
appear  was  to  do  no  service  to  the  wonderful 
old  enthusiast. 

This  is  Furnivall  at  his  worst,  which  his  best 
far  outweighs.  The  reader  who  sees  in  these 
pages  the  many  enterprises  which  he  initiated,  and 
the  success  which  was  due  to  his  untiring  effort, 
will  be  amazed.  From  all  points  of  view  come 
tributes  to  his  vivacity,  his  great  kindliness,  and 
his  invaluable  powers  of  encouragement.  There 
are  many  amusing  touches,  and  even  those  who 
had  no  personal  acquaintance  with  Furnivall  will 
be  able  to  recognize  that  he  was  truly  a  remarkable 
man.  The  savant  has  a  way  of  being  largely 
useless  to  the  world,  because  he  does  not  radiate,. 
if  we  may  use  the  expression,  any  of  his  learning. 
Furnivall,  alike  in  sport  and  scholarship,  was  alive 
every  inch  of  him,  and  he  made  the  best  use  of 
his  powers. 

'  THE  COMBAT  OF  THE  THIRTY  '  is  among  the 
many  historical  subjects  lately  mentioned  in 
L'Intermediaire.  An  inquirer  who  asked  whether 
the  story  may  not  be  mere  legend  is  referred 
by  one  correspondent  to  the  Revise  de  Bretagne, 
de  Vendee  et  d'Anjou,  1896,  t.  ii.  pp.  164- 
192,  for  the  most  complete  account  of  the  cele- 
brated feat  of  arms,  while  another  writer  gives  a 
list  of  the  men  who  fought.  The  St.  John's-tide 
bonfires,  which  were  lighted  in  Paris  itself  in 
the  middle  of  the  eighteenth  century,  receive 
attention  ;  and  the  coinage  issued  by  the  Order 
of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem  comes  under  notice, 
reference  also  being  made  to  the  position  of  the 


380 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        mi  a  iv.  NOV.  4, 1911. 


Templars  as  financiers.  In  an  interesting  dis 
cussion  of  the  exact  position  of  "  ecuyers  ' 
(esquires),  who  were  untitled  men  of  gentle  blood 
It  is  pointed  out  that  "  noble  homme  "  original!' 
meant  "  gentilhomme,"  that  is,  man  of  goo 
lineage,  though  later  it  was  degraded  in  usag( 
till  it  became  very  often  exclusive  of  gentle  birth 
Other  notes  treat  of  De  Seze,  who  defendec 
Louis  XVI.  during  his  trial ;  of  the  wounds  receive! 
Tjy  Napoleon  the  Great,  and  of  Louis  Napoleon' 
escape  from  Ham.  More  than  one  ingenious 
historical  explanation  is  offered  of  the  proverbia 
expression  "  As  vicious  as  a  red  ass,"  but  pro 
bably  the  saying  in  reality  indicates  that  a  red 
haired  donkey,  like  a  red-haired  man  or  a  blacl 
leopard,  is  credited  with  an  easily  ruffled  temper 

The  Cornhill  opens  with  three  articles  concerning 
Nelson,  the  first  speaking  of  the  Victory,  the  seconc 
of  Nelson  and  Lady  Hamilton  at  Altona,  anc 
the  third  of  '  Nelson  as  Women  Saw  Him.'  La 
Comtesse  d'Oilliamson's  account  of  '  The  Tombs 
of  the  Plantagenet  Kings'  is  introduced  as  parl 
•of  a  visit  to  Fontevrault  Abbey,  but  it  approxi- 
mates to  guide-book  literature.  Mr.  W.  C.  D 
Whetham  and  his  wife  in  '  The  Conversion  oJ 
the  Master  '  show  how  a  Head  of  a  College  was 
induced  to  modify  his  views  about  religion 
and  chapel  services.  '  Flowers  of  the  Thames 
and  Cam  '  are  flowers  of  scholarship  and  epigram, 
pleasantly  revived  for  us  by  a  veteran  scholar, 
the  Rev.  W.  C.  Green,  whose  reminiscences  go 
back  a  long  way.  There  is  something  very 
attractive  in  the  easy  grace  of  Eton  scholarship 
at  its  best.  Mr.  G.  A.  B.  Dewar's  article  on 
'  The  Wild  Bird's  Throat  '  should  not  be  missed, 
for  it  is  excellent  alike  in  matter  and  style.  Mr. 
George  Greenwood  has  two  pages  in  reply  to 
Mr.  Lang's  attack  in  September  on  his  book  on 
Shakespeare,  and  contends  that  his  position  and 
arguments  have  been  misconceived.  The  lite- 
rary questions  this  time  are  on  '  The  Pilgrim's 
Progress,'  the  answers  to  the  Kipling  paper  being 
given. 

IN  The  Nineteenth  Century  the  Bishop  of 
Winchester  makes  an  important  reply  to  Mr. 
Emmet's  paper  of  last  month  concerning  free- 
dom of  thought  and  assertion  of  authority  in  the 
discussion  of  sacred  subjects.  Mr.  J.  H.  White- 
house,  M.P.,  ha,s  a  very  sensible  article  on 
'  Britain  and  Germany,'  suggesting  methods 
which  might  lessen  the  friction  between  the  two 
countries.  The  greater  newspapers  ought  "to 
preserve  the  public  from  vicious  fictions"; 
members  of  the  Reichstag  ought  to  come  over  as 
guests  of  our  Parliament ;  and  there  should  be  a 
special  mission  to  Berlin,  headed  by  a  carefully 
chosen  man  such  as  Lord  Haldane.  In  '  East  and 
West  '  Sir  Bampfylde  Fuller  enumerates  some 
striking  differences  of  thought.  Mrs.  M.  L. 
Woods  has  been  studying  '  Shelley  at  Tan-yr-allt.' 
The  poet's  mysterious  adventure  there  with  a  man 
who  attacked  him  in  the  night  is  capable  of  a 
local  explanation  which  would  hardly  occur  to 
the  writer  of  this  paper.  Mr.  Norman  Pearson's 
paper  on  '  The  Idle  Poor  '  is  startling,  and  we 
are  quite  in  agreement  with  his  views  as  to 
habitual  vagrants.  Sentimentalism  is  here,  as  he 
rightly  says,  a  great  bar  to  reform.  The  "  tramp's 
taste  for  prison  "  is  well  developed,  and  he  brings 
unfair  odium  on  the  genuine  worker  who  is  un- 
employed. Mrs.  Barbara  Wilson  gives  a  clever 


and  critical  account  of  '  Country  -  House  Visits ' 
as  now  carried  out.  Mr.  Beckles  Willson  writes 
with  authority  on  '  The  Defeat  of  "  Continental- 
ism  "  in  Canada  :  from  a  Canadian  Standpoint,' 
and  Sir  Walter  Gilbey  has  some  interesting 
'  Recollections  of  Seventy  Years,'  dealing  specially 
with  questions  of  traffic,  railways,  cycles,  &c. 
He  mentions  that  his  friend  Mr.  Tegetmeier, 
now  in  his  ninety-fourth  year,  travelled  in  the 
old  steam  carriage,  which  was  not  fast  enough  to 
oust  the  well-appointed  and  well-horsed  coach. 

THE  editorial  in  The  Burlington  Magazine  is 
occupied  with  '  Our  Patrimonio  Artistico,'  i.e., 
means  to  secure  to  the  nation  "  the  few  remaining 
masterpieces  which  are  of  such  importance  that 
their  loss  might  be  considered  as  a  national 
disgrace."  A  confidential  agreement  between  the 
Government  and  owners  is  suggested  which  would 
secure  a  reversion  of  the  right  to  buy,  and 
eliminate  the  profits  of  the  middleman.  Such 
owners  might  reasonably  expect  to  be  "  placed 
in  a  privileged  position  as  regards  death  duties 
and  succession  duties." 

Mr.  Roger  Fry  begins  an  admirable  account  of 
the  '  Exhibition  of  Old  Masters  at  the  Grafton 
Galleries,'  and  Mr.  Campbell  Dodgson  contributes 
'Some  Notes  on  Diirer,'  which  are  at  once  autho- 
ritative and  admirably  illustrated.  '  The  Limoges 
Enamels  in  the  Salting  Collection,'  by  Mr.  H.  P. 
Mitchell,  also  includes  many  reproductions.  The 
frontispiece  of  the  number  presents  a  striking 
statue  of  Athena  owned  by  the  Duchess  of  Con- 
naught,  which,  Sir  Cecil  Smith  points  out,  belongs 
to  the  type  of  '  Minerva  Pacifique,'  the  patron- 
goddess  of  maidens  rather  than  of  war  or  wisdom. 


(K0rasp0ntonts, 


We  must  call  special  attention   to  the  following 

notices  :  — 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
sommumcations  which,  for  any  reason,  we  do  not 
print,  and  to  this  rule  we  can  make  no  exception. 

To  secure  insertion  of  communications  corre- 
pondents  must  observe  the  following  rules.  Let 
each  note,  query,  or  reply  be  written  on  a  separate 
•>hp  of  paper,  with  the  signature  of  the  writer  and 
uch  address  as  he  wishes  to  appear.  When  answer- 
rig  queries,  or  making  notes  with  regard  to  previous 
entries  in  the  paper,  contributors  are  requested  to 
mt  in  parentheses,  immediately  after  the  exact 
leading,  the  series,  volume,  and  page  or  pages  to 
which  they  refer.  Correspondents  who  repeat 
queries  are  requested  to  head  the  second  com- 
munication "  Duplicate." 

H.  M.  W.  ("Between  the  stirrup  and  the  ground 
|  He  mercy  sought  and  mercy  found  ")  —  See  the 

articles  on  this  subject  at  8  S.  viii.  518. 

S.  V.  B.  ("Freedom  of  the  City")-—  The  thir- 
eenth  division  of  the  article  'Freedom'  in  the 
New  English  Dictionary  '  runs  :  "  The  right  of 
articipating  in  the  privileges  attached  to:  a, 

membership  of  a  company  or  trade  ;  b,  citizenship 
f  a  town  or  city  ;  often   conferred  honoris  causa 

ipon  eminent  persons." 

A.  E.  P.  R.  D.—  Please  insert  references  at  the 
ead  of  your  replies.  See  notice  above. 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  11,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


381 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  NOVEMBER  11,  1911. 


CONTENTS. -No.  98. 

NOTES  :— Gibber's  '  Apology,'  381— Casanova  in  England 
382— Nicholas  Grimald  :  John  Grymbolde— John  Weevei 
and  Shakespeare,  384— Prof.  V.  E.  Mourek— Hough  ton 
Hall  Pictures— St.  Olave's,  Silver  Street,  385— Lord  Rose- 
bery  on  Books  —  The  Act  against  Profane  Swearing  — 
Francois  de  Gain  de  Montaignac— Bearded  Soldiers,  386. 

QUERIES  :— Maryland  Proverb  :  "  Shoe  her  horse  round ' 
—John  Ledyard,  Traveller— John  Bankes,  Haberdasher, 
387  —  Printing :  an  Unpublished  Manuscript  —  Bill  of 
Rights  Society— Precedence — Author  of  Sonnet — News- 
paper "  Editions  "— '  The  Noon  Gazette  and  Daily  Spy  '— 
Haggatt  Family  — Lowther  Family,  388— Robert  Ball- 
Prisoner  at  Plumpton  —  Luck  Cups  — Burrell  Family— 
Dorehill  Family — Early  Arms  of  France — '  Progress  of 
Error  '—William  Alabaster— R.  Anstruther— Cambridge 
•Cormell— Cockerell  Covert— Hare  Family— Pedestals  of 
Statues— Walters :  Halley :  Ward,  389— Orange  Emblems, 
390. 

REPLIES :— Municipal  Records  Printed,  390— Mrs.  Dal- 
rymple  Elliott— Eighteenth-Century  School-Book,  392— 
Rhoscrowther — Epicurus  at  Herculaneum,  393 — Coloman 
Mikszath's  Works  in  English— Weare  and  Thurtell- 
Le  Botiler  or  Butler  Family— Statues  in  Venice— West- 
Country  Charm,  394— John  Lord  :  Owen— Private  Lunatic- 
Asylums—  '  Nibelungenlied  '—Friday  as  Christian  Name 
— Hamlet  as  Baptismal  Name— Stonehenge — Diatoric 
Teeth,  395 -Obsolete  Fish,  396— Haldeman  Surname- 
Noble  Families  in  Shakespeare — London's  Royal  Statues, 
398— Aspinshaw,  Leather  Lane,  Holborn— MacClelland 
Family— Axford  Family,  399. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  : -Escott's  'Masters  of  English 
Journalism '— '  Woodstock '— '  The  National  Review.' 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 
Notices  to  Correspondents. 


GIBBER'S    'APOLOGY.' 

*'  MANY  of  the  greatest  men  that  ever  lived 
have  written  biography.  Boswell  was  one 
of  the  smallest  men  that  ever  lived,  and  he 
has  beaten  them  all."  Lord  Macaulay  may 
say  what  he  likes  ;  I  decline  to  believe  that 
a  great  work  can  be  executed  by  a  small  man. 
Notwithstanding  his  wealth  of  illustration, 
Macaulay  only  shows  that  Boswell  had 
many  weaknesses  and  a  few  serious  faults. 
The  lives  of  Marlborough  and  Napoleon 
afford  sufficient  evidence  that  the  possession 
of  weaknesses  and  faults  does  not  prevent  a 
man  from  being  great.  Macaulay  himself 
gives  a  list  of  Johnson's  flaws  and  infirmities, 
l>ut  he  does  not  deny  his  greatness.  Every 
great  man  has  his  imperfections,  just  as 
ordinary  mortals  have  theirs,  but  surely  the 
best  criterion  of  greatness  is  the  capacity 
to  do  great  things.  Boswell  was  vain  ;  so 
were  Wolfe  and  Nelson  ;  he  sometimes  drank 
too  much  ;  so  did  William  Pitt ;  he  laid  his 


inner  soul  bare  to  the  world  ;  so  did  St. 
Augustine.  All  the  rhetoric  in  the  world 
will  not  convince  me  that  Boswell  had  not 
in  him  the  quality  of  greatness. 

Gibber  affords  another  example  of  those 
whom  the  world  has  agreed  to  treat  with 
contempt.  He  happened  to  fall  foul  of  a 
great  satirist,  and  people  have  accepted  him 
at  the  satirist's  valuation.  No  epithets  were 
too  bad  for  him,  and  doubts  were  even 
thrown  upon  his  personal  courage  at  a  time 
when  a  readiness  to  use  the  sword  was  a  part 
of  every  Englishman's  equipment.  Yet  no 
one  can  deny  that  '  An  Apology  for  the  Life 
of  Mr.  Colley  Gibber  '  is  the  finest  theatrical 
history  in  the  English  language,  and  that  its 
author  must  have  possessed  some  elements  of 
greatness.  His  contemporaries  recognized 
this  fact,  and  the  book  went  through  several 
editions  within  twenty  years  of  its  first  pub- 
lication. During  the  nineteenth  century 
only  two  separate  editions  were  published, 
so  far  as  my  knowledge  goes — that  of  Bell- 
chambers,  which  appeared  in  1822,  and  Mr. 
Nimmo's  fine  issue  of  1889,  which  was 
edited  with  much  taste  and  learning  by  the 
late  Robert  W.  Lowe.  It  is  rather  surprising 
that  the  '  Apology '  has  not  been  included 
in  one  of  the  numerous  series  of  standard 
English  works  which  are  in  course  of  being 
produced  in  such  profusion  by  Mr.  Dent  and 
other  publishers  of  the  present  day.  Should 
such  an  issue  be  in  contemplation,  the  follow- 
ing remarks  may,  perhaps,  be  of  service  to 
the  editor. 

I  have  in  my  possession  a  copy  of  Bell- 
hambers's  edition  of  the  '  Apology,'  which 
I  purchased  some  five-and-thirty  years  ago, 
and  which  is  enriched  by  a  large  number  of 
manuscript  annotations.  Who  the  writer 
was  I  have  no  means  of  knowing,  but  he  must 
tiave  been  a  person  who  had  an  intimate 
knowledge  of  the  literary  history  of  the 
eighteenth  century.  I  propose  to  reproduce 
two  or  three  of  the  most  important  of  these 
annotations. 

The    '  Apology '    was    dedicated    "To    a 
/ertain  Gentleman,"  who  is  generally  iden- 
tified with  Henry  Pelham.     This  identifica- 
tion is  accepted  by  Mr.   Lowe,   who,  after 
quoting    in    its    support   Davies's    '  Life    of 
Garrick,'  ii.  377,  and  John  Taylor's  *  Records 
of    my    Life,'    i.    263,    adds:      "From    the 
nternal  evidence  it  seems  quite  clear  that 
this  is  so."     My  annotator,  however,  sug- 
ests  that  it  was  George  Bubb  Dodington,  to 
whom  Gibber  subsequently  dedicated,  under 
date    1    Jan.,    1746/7,    his    '  Character    and 
bnduct    of    Cicero    Considered,'    1747.     A 
perusal  of  MB.  W.  P.  COURTNEY'S  excellent 


382 


NOTES  AND  Q  UERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  n,  ion. 


articles  on  Bubb  Dodington  (10  S.  xii.  461 
504)  will  show  that  on  the  internal  evidence 
of  the  dedication,  this  is  not  an  improbable 
attribution.  Gibber's  reference  to  "  Tus 
culum  (for  so  I  will  call  that  sweet  retreat 
which  your  own  hands  have  raised),  where 
like  the  famed  orator  of  old,  when  public 
cares  permit,  you  pass  so  many  rational 
unbending  hours,"  seems  decidedly  to  point 
to  Eastbury  in  Dorsetshire,  where  Bubb 
Dodington  used  to  entertain  his  literary 
friends.  "  How  many  golden  evenings," 
says  Gibber,  in  a  flash  of  eloquent  retrospec- 
tion, "  in  that  theatrical  paradise  of  watered 
lawns  and  hanging  groves,  have  I  walked  and 
prated  down  the  sun,  in  social  happiness  !  " 
This  merely  echoes  the  language  used  by 
Young  and  Thomson  in  praise  of  "  Pierian 
Eastbury." 

Near  the  commencement  of  his  first 
chapter,  in  speaking  of  raillery,  Gibber 
observes  : — 

"  There  are  two  persons  now  living,  who 
though  very  different  in  their  manner,  are,  as 
far  as  my  judgment  reaches,  complete  masters 
of  it ;  one  of  a  more  polite  and  extensive  imagina- 
tion, the  other  of  a  knowledge  more  closely 
useful  to  the  business  of  life  "  ; 

and  he  then  proceeds,  in  one  of  the  best  pas- 
sages of  the  book,  to  give  a  careful  analysis 
of  the  characteristics  of  these  two  masters 
of  the  art  of  raillery.  The  first,  whom  he 
describes  as  having  a  title,  is  universally 
recognized  as  Lord  Chesterfield  ;  the  second, 
"  who  is  so  far  from  having  a  title,  that 
he  has  lost  his  real  name,"  has  never  yet 
been  satisfactorily  identified.  Bellchambers 
queries  if  this  was  Bubb  Dodington,  and  Mr. 
Lowe,  in  a  note  on  the  passage,  quotes  from 
'  The  Laureat,'  p.  18,  that  the  portraits  were 
"  L — d  C — d  and  Mr.  E — e,"  and  suggests 
that  the  latter  name  may  stand  for  Erskine. 
I  cannot  find  that  any  Erskine  living  at  that 
time  answers  to  the  character,  and  I  feel 
sure  that  my  annotator  has  knocked  the 
nail  on  the  head  when  he  states  that  the 
portrait  is  that  of  Giles  Earle,  known  among 
his  intimates  as  "Tom"  Earle.  Earle, 
though  now  forgotten,  was  a  man  of  some 
prominence  in  his  day,  and  occupies  a 
niche  in  the  '  D.N.B.'  He  was  a  minor 
politician  and  one  of  the  convivial  com- 
panions of  Walpole,  and  I  have  no  doubt 
that  Gibber's  pen  has  done  full  justice  to 
his  merits. 

In  this  connexion  I  may  refer  to  the  verses 
entitled  '  A  Dialogue  between  G.  Earle,  Esq., 
and  B —  Doddington,  1741,'  communicated 
by  the  late  MR.  ALBERT  HARTSHORNE  to  these 
columns  (11  S.  ii.  10).  MR.  HARTSHORNE 
said  that  he  had  no  means  of  ascertaining 


whether  this  peculiar  example  of  t  he- 
literature  of  the  time  had  ever  appeared  in 
print.  The  verses  are  by  Sir  Charles  Han- 
bury  Williams,  and  were  printed  in  his 
'  Odes,'  of  which  three  editions  were  issued 
—in  1775,  1780,  and  1784.  As  all  these 
editions  are  rather  scarce,  I  will  refer  the 
reader  to  '  The  Works  of  Sir  Charles  Hanbury 
Williams,'  1822,  i.  30. 

There  are  many  other  notes  in  this  copy  of 
the  '  Apology,'  but  I  will  confine  myself  to- 
quoting  one  on  Mrs.  Tofts  the  singer  (chap, 
xii.),  as  Mr.  Lowe  says  nothing  about  this- 
lady  :— 

"  I  know  not  if  it  be  true,  but  a  Gentleman  of 
good  intelligence  assured  me  ye  Mrs.  Tofts  was 
a  natural  daughter  of  the  well-known  BP  Burnett. 
She  afterwards  married  one  Smith,  a  rich  English 
Banker  at  Venice,  where  the  Gentleman  who  told 
me  this  saw  her  at  her  own  house.  It  was  on  her 
that  was  made  a  well-known  Epigram  or  some- 
thing like  it  which  I  think  has  been  imputed  to- 
Sr  Richard  Steel  [sic] : — 

ON  MBS.  TOFTS. 
So  great  is  thy  beauty,  so  sweet  is  thy  song, 
As  had  drawn  both  the  beasts  and  their  Orpheus- 

along  ; 

But  such  is  thy  av'rice  and  such  is  thy  pride, 
That  the  beasts  must  have  starv'd,  and  the  Poet 

have  died. 

The  Gentleman  who  told  me  he  saw  her  at  Venice- 
conflrm'd  to  me  this  her  character  for  pride." 

W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 


CASANOVA    IN    ENGLAND. 

See  10  S.  viii.  443,  491  ;   ix.  116  ;   xi.  4,37  ; 
US.  ii.  386  ;  iii.  242.) 

ONE  of  the  most  noteworthy  incidents 
during  Casanova's  residence  in  London 
was  his  adventure  with  Mile.  La  Charpillon,. 
a  beautiful  courtesan,  barely  seventeen  years- 
Did,  which  resulted  in  his  imprisonment 
n  Newgate  and  his  appearance  before  Sir 
John  Fielding.  He  speaks  of  her  as  a  ]adx 
'  que  tout  Londres  a  connue  "  (Gamier  ed" 
d.  485),  or  as  the  Rozez  edition  puts  it  i 
'  que  tout  Londres  connaissait  alors  !r 
Rozez  ed.,  vi.  7).  In  spite  of  this  statement 
I  have  been  unable  to  find  a  reference  to 
his  person  in  any  of  the  newspapers,  maga- 
ines,  pamphlets,  poems,  or  memoirs  of  the 
>eriod.  Ten  years  later,  however,  when 
Casanova's  Mile.  La  Charpillon  would  have 
>een  twenty-six  or  twenty-seven  years  old, 
he  famous  John  Wilkes  became  acquainted 
vith  a  lady  who  bore  a  very  similar  name, 
^his  was  Mile.  Marianne  Genevieve  de 
"harpillon,  whom  "  the  patriot "  met  in 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  11,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


38$ 


September,  1773,  in  the  company  of  his 
friends  Chase  Price  and  John  Churchill,  the 
poet's  brother.  She  was  then  living  in  Black 
and  White  Lands  Lane,  Chelsea,  and  it  is 
worthy  of  notice  that  Casanova  took  a  house 
in  Chelsea  for  his  Mademoiselle.  Wilkes 
and  Marianne  became  great  friends,  and  he 
soon  began  to  dine  very  often  at  Madame 
de  Charpillon's  home,  where  the  party  usually 
included  Mile,  de  Charpillon,  a  Mile.  Julie, 
and  a  Miss  Retsell.  About  November,  1773, 
the  De  Charpillons  appear  to  have  re- 
moved to  30,  Titchfield  Street,  and  it 
seems  probable,  judging  from  her  letters, 
that  the  girl  was  Wilkes' s  mistress  until 
May,  1777,  when  the  pair  had  a  violent 
quarrel.  Some  corroborative  evidence  of 
this  liaison  is  offered  by  Henry  Angelo, 
who  states  that  one  of  Wilkes' s  lady-loves 
was  a  Madame  Champignon  (sic).  ('  Remin. 
of  Henry  Angelo,'  1904,  i.  42,  ii.  42.)  The 
Morning  Post  also,  on  4  July,  1777,  has  a 
paragraph  to  the  effect  that  "  the  dress  of 
the  Alderman  and  that  also  of  his  French 
favourite  has  of  late  much  improved."  In 
spite  of  the  quarrel,  Wilkes  and  the  lady 
corresponded  until  November  of  that  year. 
Her  letters  are  written  in  French  and  are 
very  illiterate.  Mile,  de  Charpillon  seems 
to  have  resided  also  in  Winchester  Row, 
near  Paddington,  and  at  No.  13,  Upper 
Seymour  Street.  Her  friend  Miss  Maria 
Retsell  lived  at  No.  34,  Little  Castle  Street, 
Oxford  Road ;  and  the  address  of  another  of 
her  friends,  one  Mrs.  Chanu,  was  46,  Rupert 
Street.  These  names  and  addresses  may 
be  useful  for  the  purpose  of  identification, 
for  I  am  anxious  to  discover  wrhether 
Casanova's  La  Charpillon  and  Wilkes' s 
De  Charpillon  were  one  and  the  same 
person.  At  present,  one  fact  only  seems 
to  associate  the  two  ladies — they  were  both 
living  with  a  grandmother,  a  mother,  and 
an  aunt. 

While  walking  with  his  friend  Vicenzo 
Martinelli  near  Piccadilly,  Casanova  declares 
that  he  witnessed  an  incident  which  Horace 
Walpole  had  related  in  a  letter  to  Mann  on 
1  September,  1750,  thirteen  years  before 
the  memoirist  visited  London.  Casanova's 
account  will  be  found  in  the  Rozez  edition, 
v.  469,  and  in  the  Gamier  edition,  vi.  461. 
To  save  time  I  merely  quote  from  Walpole' s 
*  Letters'  (Toynbee),  iii.  14  : — 

"  They  have  put  in  the  papers  a  good  story 
made  on  White's  :  a  man  dropped  down  dead 
at  the  door,  was  carried  in  ;  the  club  immediately 
made  bets  whether  he  was  dead  or  not,  and  when 
they  were  going  to  bleed  him,  the  wagerers  for 
his  death  interposed,  and  said  it  would  affect 
the  fairness  of  the  bet." 


Casanova's  story,  which  is  substantially 
the  same,  has  been  translated  by  MB. 
RICHARD  EDGCUMBE  at  8  S.  xi.  44.  Either 
the  adventurer  has  borrowed  Walpole' s 
story,  which  Martinelli  may  have  related, 
to  him,  or  the  same  incident  occurred  twice^ 
in  the  space  of  thirteen  years.  It  is  more 
reasonable  to  believe  that  Casanova  is- 
speaking  from  hearsay. 

The  dinner  at  M.  Guerchy's,  where- 
Casanova  states  he  met  the  Chevalier  d'Eon^ 
whom  he  took  to  be  a  woman  in  man's 
clothes  (Gamier  ed.,  vi.  356),  must  have- 
taken  place  between  17  October  and  2& 
October,  1763,  for  it  was  not  until  the  former- 
date  that  the  French  Ambassador  arrived 
in  London,  and  D'Eon  dined  with  Guerchy 
for  the  last  time  on  the  latter  date.  (See 
'  D'Eon  de  Beaumont,'  by  Homberg  and 
Jousselin,  Martin  Seeker,  p.  87.) 

In  the  Gamier  edition,  vi.  439,  Casanova 
says  he  was  riding  to  Kingston  when  he  had 
a  fall  from  his  horse  at  the  door  of  Miss 
Chudleigh's  house,  but  in  the  Rozez  edition,. 
v.  465,  the  accident  is  alleged  to  have  hap- 
pened "  vis-a-vis  du  palais  du  due  de  King- 
ston." This,  of  course,  must  have  been 
Kingston  House,  near  the  Prince's  Gate  into 
Hyde  Park,  where  Miss  Chudleigh  was- 
living  with  the  duke  at  the  time.  She 
witnessed  the  scene  from  the  window,  and 
had  the  fallen  horseman  carried  indoors. 

One  evening  at  Covent  Garden  the  singer 
Ferdinando  Tenducci  introduced  Casanova 
to  "  sa  femme  legitime  dont  il  avait  deux 
enfants  "  (Garnier,  vii.  43).  Probably  Casa- 
nova was  imposed  upon,  and  the  children 
were  not  Tenducci' s.  Three  years  later,  on 
19  August,  1766,  Tenducci  went  through  the 
marriage  ceremony  at  Cork  with  Dorothea 
Maunsell,  and  the  marriage  was  declared  null 
and  void  in  November,  1 775.  (See  '  Trials  for 
Divorce,'  S.  Bladon,  1780,  vol.  vii.) 

"  Le  general  Bekw Anglais  qui  com- 

mandait  le  regiment  du  feld-marechal  air 
service  du  roi  de  Prusse  "  (Garnier,  vi.  469),, 
would  seem  to  be  Major-General  John  Beck- 
with,  who,  according  to  the  '  D.N.B.,' 
"  commanded  the  20th  Regt.  at  the  battle 
of  Minden  and  the  brigade  of  grenadiers 
and  highlanders  in  the  Seven  Years'  War." 
He  was  the  father  of  Sir  George  and  Sir 
Thomas  Sydney  Beckwith,  two  distin- 
guished soldiers.  Carlyle  refers  twice  to  a 
Col.  Beckwith. 

Casanova  says  that  Mile.  La  Charpillon 
lived  in  "  Danemark  Street,  Soho."  He  is 
mistaken.  Denmark  Street  is  in  the  parish 
of  St.  Giles.  HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 


384 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  n,  1911. 


NICHOLAS  GRIMALD:    JOHN 
GRYMBOLDE. 

<See  7  S.  xii.  286  ;   9  S.  iv.  325  ;  11  S.  iv.  275.) 

'THE  Elizabethan  poet  and  translator,  and 
•editor  of  Tottel's  *  Miscellany,'  has  his  name 
:spelt  Grymbold  in  the  Christ  College  books, 
1537  ;  Grimbold  and  Grymbold  by  Bishop 
Ridley  ('  Letters,'  Parker  Society)  ;  and 
Orimbold  in  the  Eccles  Episcopal  Register, 
1551  (MS.  Bodleian). 

But  it  has  not  been  noticed,  I  believe,  in 
this  connexion,  that  a  John  Grymbolde, 
•chaplain,  took  his  B.A.  degree  at  Oxford 
in  April,  1514  ('  Oxford  Registers,'  printed). 

All  these  names  are  evidently  the  same, 
/and,  being  very  uncommon  in  England, 
naturally  suggest  relationship.  Both  men 
.also  took  the  B.A.  degree  at  Oxford,  one  in 
1514,  the  other  in  1542,  and  both  were 
chaplains. 

N.  G.'s  birth  is  given  as  1519  or  1520; 
it  is  therefore  quite  possible  that  J.  G.  was 
the  father  of  N.  G.,  for  J.  G.,  being  already 
a  chaplain  in  1514,  must  have  been  at 
least  21,  more  probably  25  ;  for  N.  G., 
though  a  man  of  acknowledged  ability  and 
learning,  did  not  become  chaplain  till  he 
was  33. 

J.  G.,  therefore,  at  N.  G.'s  birth  in  1520, 
would  be  either  25  or  30.  N.  G.  says  that 
his  father  was  alive  in  1552,  which,  if  he  was 
25  in  1514,  would  make  him  63  in  1552,  a 
very  consistent  age. 

N.  G.  was  born  in  Huntingdonshire,  appa- 
rently at  Brownshold.  I  failed  to  find  any 
such  place  ;  but  there  is  an  old  town  in 
that  county,  called  Leighton-Brameswold, 
which  might  possibly  be  the  place. 

I  have  been  obligingly  informed  that,  in 
the  MS.  Bursar's  Book  of  Christ  College, 
Cambridge,  is  an  entry,  not  hitherto  noticed, 
of  Grymbold,  as  a  sick  scholar  who  had 
received  allowance  in  lieu  of  the  commons 
which  he  was  unable  to  eat,  1537-8.  This 
is  undoubtedly  N.  G.,  who  was  B.A.  in  1539- 
1540  at  Cambridge 

In  Mr.  Arber's  valuable  reprint  of  Tottel's 
'Miscellany,'  1870,  at  p.  xv  he  mentions 
N.  G.'s  '  New  Year's  Verses  to  Catherine 
Day  '  ;  but  I  am  unable  to  find  any  such. 

At  p.  97  is  a  respectful,  affectionate  poem 
to  a  London  lady,  called  "  Carie,"  to  whom 
he  seems  to  have  been  engaged.  This  was 
printed  1557  ;  and  N.  G.  finally  left  Oxford, 
either  for  St.  Albans  or  London,  in  1555  ; 
and  as  he  speaks  of  hunting  through  London 
for  her,  and  he  was  then  working  with 
'Tottel,  it  was  probably  the  latter,  at  least 


ultimately.  He  may  therefore  naturally, 
at  this  time,  or  in  1556,  have  married  this 
lady  ;  and  in  his  poem  on  a  wedding,  p.  100, 
he  pointedly  speaks  of  the  advantage  he 
will  gain  by  marriage. 

In  this  case,  the  "  son "  he  mentions 
would  be  a  reality,  not  a  figure  ;  and  such 
a  son  would  explain  why  his  '  Oratio  ad 
Pontifices '  was  published  in  1583,  or  some 
21  years  after  his  death  (such  a  son  being 
then  26) ;  and  also  why  his  '  Paraphrase  on 
Virgil '  was  published  in  1591,  nearly  30  years 
after  his  death.  There  would  seem  to  be 
needed  some  special  reason  why  a  Latin 
sermon  should  be  first  published  20  years 
after  the  death  of  the  writer,  who  was  of 
no  great  social  standing,  and  had  fallen  from 
the  only  social  position  he  once  had. 

N.  G.  was  chaplain  to  a  Protestant 
bishop  1552  (Ridley),  and  in  1556  "  Orator," 
which  Mr.  Arber  says  means  chaplain,  to 
a  romish  bishop  (Thirlby)  :  an  almost 
unique  experience,  one  would  think,  specially 
as  in  1554  he  had  been  adjudged  to  be  hung, 
drawn,  and  quartered  for  treason  !  Bishop 
Ridley  had  supported  Lady  Jane  Grey, 
1553,  and  doubtless  his  chaplain,  N.  G., 
followed  his  lead,  and  hence  his  treason. 

Of  the  poems  in  the  '  Miscellany,'  it 
would  seem  probable  that  most  of  those  by 
"  uncertain  authors  "  were  by  N.  G.  He  was 
the  editor,  and,  as  Mr.  Arber  points  out,  in 
the  second  edition  30  poems  of  N.  G. 
disappear,  as  does  even  his  name  ;  for  his 
10  which  do  appear  are  only  signed  "  N.  G." 

In  fact,  in  1557  N.  G.  was  under  a  cloud, 
and  nothing  more  is  credited  to  his  prolific 
pen  up  to  1562,  when  he  died. 

Among  his  acknowledged  poems  is  one 
'  To  Z.  K.  S.,'  which  seems  suitable  for 
Lady  Katherine  Seymour,  widow  of  Henry 
VIII.,  who  married  the  Protector's  brother, 
and  died  in  1548,  when  N.  G.  was  29.  Bishop 
Bale  mentions  a  poem  on  Lord  Edward 
Seymour,  brother-in-law  to  Katherine,  by 
N.  G.  ('  Scriptores  Brytanni,'  Basle,  1557). 

On  p.  112  is  an  epitaph  on  Sir  James 
Wilford.  He  was  Provost  Marshal  of  the 
English  army  at  Pinkie,  1547  (Grant, 
'  British  Battles,'  i.  135).  The  verses  on 
Wilford  by  one  of  the  "  uncertain  authors," 
p.  153,  are  probably  his  also.  D.  J. 


JOHN  WEEVEB  AND  SHAKESPEARE. — A 
few  weeks  ago  Messrs.  Sidgwick  &  Jackson 
published  for  me  a  reprint  of  John  Weever's 
'Epigrams,'  1599.  Since  the  book  appeared 
Mr.  A.  H.  Bullen  has  called  my  attention  to 
a  point  of  considerable  interest  in  Weever's 
work,  which,  I  am  sorry  to  say,  escaped  me 


us.  iv.  NOV.  ii,  ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


385 


when  I  was  preparing  the  notes.  It  is  wel 
known  that  the  collection  includes  a  sonnet 
in  praise  of  Shakespeare,  but  it  seems  never 
to  have  been  noticed  that  Weever  carriec 
his  admiration  to  the  point  of  appropriating 
Shakespeare's  words. 

In    '  Epig.'    xv.    of    the    third    "  week ' 
(i.e.    section,   or  book),   '  In  Fucam,'   occur 
the  lines  : — 

A  withered  Hermite  fiue-score  winters  worne 
Might  shake  off  fiftie,  seeing  her  beforne. 

Save  for  the  last  three  words,  this,  as  Mr. 
Bullen  points  out,  is  quoted  verbally  from 
'  Love's  Labour's  Lost,'  IV.  iii.  242-3. 

Other  less  important  borrowings  from  this 
scene  occur  in  the  same  "  week  "  of  '  Epi- 
grams.' In  '  Epig.'  xii.  Weever  has  the 
lines  : — 

Her  face  is  pure  as  Ebonie  ieat  blacke, .... 

Beautie  in  her  seemes  beautie  still  to  lacke. 
Cf.  '  Love's  Labour's  Lost,'  IV.  iii.  247,  251: 

By  heaven,  thy  love  is  black  as  ebony .... 

That  I  may  swear  beauty  doth  beauty  lack. 
In    '  Epig.'    xi.    the    phrase    "  eagle-sighted 
eies  "  may  also  perhaps  be  a  reminiscence 
of  the  same  scene,  1.  226. 

Lastly,  the  ninth  '  Epigram '  of  the  "week" 
runs  as  follows  : — 

IN  BATTUM. 

Battus  affirm 'd  no  Poet  euer  writte, 
Before  that  Loue  inspir'd  his  dull  head  witte, 
And  yet  himselfe  in  Loue  had  witte  no  more, 
Than  one  stark  mad,  thogh  somwhat  wise  before. 

Taking    into    consideration    these    other 
references  to   *  Love's  Labour's  Lost,'  is  it 
not  probable  that  "  Battus  "  is  Shakespeare's 
Biron,  who,  as  everybody  knows,  says, — 
Never  durst  poet  touch  a  pen  to  write 
Until  his  ink  were  temper'd  with  Love's  sighs, 

'  Love's  Labour's  Lost,'  IV.  iii.  346-7, 
and  who,   as    "  wit   turn'd  fool "    by  love, 
agrees  exactly  with  the  subject  of  the  epi- 
gram ?     If  so,  Weever  may,  I  think,  claim 
to  have  written  the  very  first  scrap  of  critical 
comment  upon  a  Shakespearian  character. 
B.  B.  MCKEBBOW. 

PBOF.  V.  E.  MOUBEK. — In  '  N.  &  Q.'  for 
15  September,  1906,  a  note  appeared  ('A 
Great  Bohemian  Teacher  ' )  referring  to  the 
sixtieth  birthday  of  Prof.  Dr.  V.  E.  Mourek, 
LL.D.  A  wide  circle  of  English  friends  will 
learn  with  deep  regret  that  this  eminent 
lexicographer,  and  translator  of  Smiles  and 
Thackeray,  died  suddenly  from  heart  failure 
on  24  October.  To  the  students  of  Prague 
Bohemian  University  **  Taticek "  (dear 
father)  Mourek  was  guide,  philosopher,  and 
friend.  I  am  proud  to  have  enjoyed  his 
unbroken  friendship  since  he  welcomed  me 


at  the  Tycho  Brahe  festival  ten  years  agor 
when  he  was  active  as  the  courteous  and 
efficient  secretary.  The  deepest  sympathy 
will  go  out  to  Mrs.  Mourek,  a  charming  Irish 
lady  who  kept  open  house  to  young  English- 
women visiting  or  residing  at  Prague,  to 
many  of  whom  she  has  been  a  friend  in  need. 
Bohemia  is  the  poorer  by  the  loss  of  one  of 
her  best  sons.  FRANCIS  P.  MABCHANT, 
Streatham  Common. 

HOUGHTON  HALL  PICTUBES  :  THEIB  SALE 
IN  1779. — In  these  days,  when  we  read 
so  much  about  the  deportation  of  works 
of  art  from  this  country,  the  following 
extract  from  The  Gentleman's  Magazine  for 
May,  1779,  may  be  interesting  to  readers  of 
'  N.  &  Q.'  :— 

"  The  Empress  of  Russia  has  purchased  the- 
Houghton  collection  of  pictures  for  43,OOOL 
They  were  estimated  at  40,OOOZ.,  but  the  Empress 
advances  3,OOOZ.  for  the  liberty  of  selecting  such 
of  them  as  are  most  suited  to  her  purpose  of 
establishing  a.  school  for  painting  in  her  capital- 
The  rest  will  probably  be  disposed  of  by  auction 
in  England. — Such  is  the  fate  of  this  first  collection, 
in  Great  Britain  ;  which,  exclusive  of  presents, 
cost  its  noble  proprietor  near  100,000?.  to  form, 
and  which  ought  to  have  been  added  to  the 
Devonshire  or  Bedford  collections  :  but  is  gone,, 
if  it  survives  the  hazard  of  the  sea  or  the  risque* 
of  war,  to  assist  the  slow  progress  of  the  arts 
n  the  cold  unripening  regions  of  the  North." 

Cassell's  '  Gazetteer  of  Great  Britain  and 
[reland '  (1896),  commenting  upon  this 
transaction,  adds  :  "  Those  which  now 
adorn  the  walls  are  of  no  conspicuous  merit,, 
except  only  the  '  Fortune-Teller  '  by  Opie." 
In  The  European  Magazine,  February, 
1782,  will  be  found  an 

'  Authentic  Catalogue  of  the  Houghton  Collec* 
;ion  of  Pictures,  lately  sold,  and  transmitted 
to  the  Empress  of  Russia,  with  the  price  which 
was  paid  to  Lord  Orford  for  each  Painting,  as- 
settled  by  the  appraisement." 
The  prices  here  stated  are  very  low  as  com- 
pared with  those  paid  for  Old  Masters  in 
our  days  ;  few  of  the  prices  reached  5001. , 
and  then  it  was  usually  for  a  pair. 

The  collection,  which  had  been  arranged  in 
'  Salons  "  bearing  the  names  of  the  different 
Dainters,  was  made  known  to  the  public  in  a 
eries  of  engravings  published  a  short  time 
>efore  the  sale  by  Alderman  Boydell. 

HEBBEBT  B.  CLAYTON. 

ST.OLAVE'S,  SILVEB  STBEET  :  ITS  CHUBCH- 
YABD  INSCBIPTIONS. — Not  far  from  the  old 
General  Post  Office  is  Silver  Street,  and  at 
he  corner  of  this  and  Monkwell  Street 
s  "The  Cooper's  Arms,"  so  happily  identi- 
ied  by  Dr.  Wallace  as  standing  on  the 
site  formerly  occupied  by  the  house  in. 


-386 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [n  s.  iv.  NOV.  11, 1911. 


which  Shakespear  lodged.  This  tavern  is 
a  plain  Georgian  house,  having  six  win- 
dows in  Silver  Street  above  the  bar,  two 
.above  two,  and  several  (I  think  twelve) 
windows  in  Monkwell  Street,  so  that 
the  length  of  the  house  is  in  Monkwell 
Street  (I.L.N.,  26  February,  1910).  On 
•comparing  this  with  the  view  of  the  house 
in  the  isometrical  plan  of  1560,  it  is  seen 
that  they  exactly  agree,  so  far,  for  in 
Aggas's  map  this  corner  house  runs  down 
Muggle  Street,  as  it  was  then  called.  So  it 
would  seem  as  if  "  The  Cooper's  Arms " 
just  covered  the  space  formerly  occupied 
by  Shakespear' s  lodging  house. 

Opposite  "  The  Cooper's  Arms  "  is  Falcon 
Square  ( Shakespear' s  crest  was  a  falcon), 
which  consists  of  the  remnant  of  the  old 
churchyard  of  St.  Olave  (Harper's  Magazine, 
March,  1910). 

This  little  secluded  cemetery  is  very  small, 
Tather  grimy,  and  contains  four  young 
trees  and  four  benches.  It  is  raised  above 
the  narrow  street,  and  so  is  approached 
through  a  rusty  gate  by  a  few  broken  stone 
steps.  It  contains  three  headstones  laid 
flat,  and  three  table  tombs,  all  much  worn 
and  defaced.  The  only  legible  inscriptions  I 
lound  are  the  following  : — 

1.  On  an  oval  stone  in  the  left    entrance 
wall,  in  capitals — 

This 

Wall  and  Railing 

Were  Erected  By 

Voluntary  Subscriptions 

Anno  Domini  1796 

William  Webster 

Churchwarden. 

2.  On  a  square  stone  in  the  right  entrance 
wall,  in  capitals,  underneath  a  carved  skull 
.and  cross  bones — 

This  was  the  Parish  Church 

Of  St.  Olave's,  Silver  Street. 

Destroyed  by  the  Dreadful 

Fire  in  the  Year  1666. 

3.  On  a~i  oblong  stone  in  the  left  entrance 
wall,  in  capitals — 

St.  Olave  Silver  Street. 
This  Churchyard  was  thrown 
Back  and  the  Road  widened 

Eight  feet  by  the 

Commissioners    of    Sewers 

At  the  Request  of  the  Vestry 

Anno  Domini  1865. 
H.  Cummings,  Rector. 

C.  E '  Wuson    }   Churchwardens. 

4.  On  a  stone  slab  covering  a  brick  table 
tomb,  in  capitals — • 

Kerl 

grandson  of  the  above 

Died  October        1802. 

Aged       years. 


5.  On  a  carved  stone  table  tomb,  in 
capitals — 

The  Wife  of  John  Bull. 

Mont  joy's  house  being  in  St.  Olave  parish, 
Shakespear  may  have  attended  this  church, 
and  occasionally  lounged  in  this  ancient 
churchyard,  in  which  some  of  his  acquaint- 
ances may  be  buried.  D.  J. 

LORD  ROSEBERY  ON  BOOKS. — The  recent 
remarks  of  Lord  Rosebery,  deploring  the 
large  number  of  useless  books  (The  Times, 
17  October),  have  their  parallel  in  the  follow- 
ing remarks  of  Sir  Thomas  Browne  (1605- 
1682)  in  his  '  Religio  Medici'  (Part  I. 
sec.  xxiv.)  : — 

"  I  have  heard  some  with  deep  sighs  lament 
the  lost  lines  of  Cicero,  others  with  as  many  groans 
deplore  the  combustion  of  the  Library  of  Alex- 
andria ;  for  my  own  part,  I  think  there  be  too 
many  in  the  world,  and  could  With  patience 
behold  the  urn  and  ashes  of  the  Vatican." 

M. 

THE  ACT  AGAINST  PROFANE  SWEARING. — 
Here  is  an  excerpt  from  The  New  Monthly 
Magazine,  1  September,  1819,  part  ii. 
p.  253  :— 

"  Somersetshire. — By  way  of  caution  to  the 
clergy  of  this  county,  we  state,  that  an  informa- 
tion was  lately  laid  against  the  vicar  of  Wellington, 
who  was  fined  51.  for  omitting  to  read  publicly  in 
his  church  the  Act  against  profane  swearing,  as 
required  by  law." 

The  warning  conveyed  in  this  notice 
warrants  the  inference  that  the  Act  (19  Geo. 
II.,  c.  21)  was  not  invariably  read  in  the 
churches  of  Somersetshire  on  the  appointed 
four  Sundays  following  the  Quarter  Days. 
DANIEL  HIP  WELL. 

FRANQOIS  DE  GAIN  DE  MONTAIGNAC. — 
Perhaps  space  can  be  found  for  a  note  on 
this  Bishop  of  Tarbes,  concerning  whom 
errors  have  crept  into  three  well-known 
books  of  reference.  Gams,  in  his  '  Series 
Episcoporum,'  p.  635,  wrongly  states  that 
he  did  not  resign  his  see  (which  he  resigned 
6  November,  1801),  and  that  he  died  in  1802. 
Both  the  *  Nouvelle  Biographie  Gen6rale,' 
xix.  190,  and  the  '  Biographie  Universelle,' 
xxix.  14,  wrongly  state  that  he  died  in  1806 
in  a  convent  near  Lisbon.  He  was  buried 
in  Old  St.  Pancras  Churchyard  in  June, 
1812,  aged  68.  See  W.  E.  Brown,  '  St. 
Pancras  Open  Spaces  '  (St.  Pancras,  1902),  32. 
JOHN  B.  WAINE WRIGHT. 

BEARDED  SOLDIERS. — Chevalier  Zavertal 
was  by  no  means  the  only  instance  of  a 
soldier  being  permitted  to  wear  a  beard 
(ante,  p.  297),  as,  contemporary  with  him, 
I  knew  of  three  other  army  men  having 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  11,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


387 


this  unusual   concession,    all  upon  medica 
grounds.     Field-Marshal  Sir  Evelyn  Wood 
V.C.,  is  an  example  familiar  to  the  majority 
of  people.     In  addition  to  the  pioneers  a 
home,  soldiers  serving  in  India  were  allowec 
to   grow  beards  in  former  days  ;    but  the 
regulations  having  been  altered,   there  ar 
now    no    exemptions,    either    at    home    or 
abroad,  except  for  the  reason  given  above 
The  practice  had  become  virtually  obsolete 
a  long  time  before  the  official  cancellation. 
CHARLES  S.  BURDON. 


fijmrws, 

WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in 
formation  on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


MARYLAND  PROVERB  :  *  '  SHOE  HER  HORSE 
ROUND."  —  In  one  of  the  few  records  stil 
preserved  of  a  Court  Leet  and  Court  Baron 
held  on  a  manor  in  the  Colony  of  Maryland  is 
the  following  :  — 


ss  A  Court  Le^  and  Court 
Baron  of  Thomas  Gerard 
Esqr: 

there  held  on  Thursday  the  XXVIIth  Oct.  1659, 

by  Jno.  Eyves,  gent.  Steward  there. 

"  Jtem  weeprsent  that  Clove  Mace  about  Easter 
last  1659  came  to  the  house  of  John  Shancks  one 
of  the  Lord  of  the  Mannors  tenants  being  bloudy 
&  said  that  Robin  Coox  &  his  wife  were  both  vpon 
him  &  the  said  John  Shancks  desired  John  Gee  to 
goe  wth  him  to  Clove  Maces  house  &  when  they 
the  sd  John  Shancks  &  John  Gee  came  to  the  said 
Cloves  his  house  in  the  night  &  knocked  att  the 
dore  asking  how  they  did  what  they  replyed  then 
the  sd  John  Shancks  &  John  Gee  haue  forgotten 
But  the  sd  John  Shancks  asked  her  to  come  to  her 
husband  &  shee  replyed  that  hee  had  abused 
Bob  in  &  her  and  the  said  John  Shancks  gott  her 
consent  to  come  the  next  morning  &  Robin  vp 
to  bee  freinds  wth  her  husband  &  as  John  Shancks 
fcaketh  shee  fell  downe  on  her  knees  to  bee  friends 
wth  her  sd  husband  but  he  would  not  be  freinds 
Wth  her  but  the  next  night  following  they  vwere 
friends  and  Bartholomew  Phillipps  saith  that  shee 
related  before  that  her  husband  threatened  to 
beate  her  &  said  if  hee  did  shee  would  cutt  his 
throat  or  poyson  him  or  make  away  &  said  if  ever 
Jo:  Hart  should  come  in  agayne  shee  would  gett 
John  to  bee  revenged  on  him  &  beate  him  &  hee 
beared  the  said  William  Asiter  say  thc  shee  dranke 
healths  to  the  Confusion  of  her  husband  and  said 
flhee  would  shooe  her  horse  round  &  hee  the  said 
Bartholomew  Phillips  heard  the  said  Robin  say 
if  ever  hee  left  the  house  Cloves  should  never  goe 
wth  a  whole  face.  Jt  is  ordered  that  this  businesse 
bee  transferred  to  the  next  County  Cort  according 
to  Law." 

The  inquiry  I  would  make  is,  What  was 
meant  by  the  wife  saying  "  Shee  would  shooe 


her  horse  round  "  ?  This  must  have  been 
a  well-known  phrase  at  that  period.  Is 
there  any  authoritative  explanation  of  it  ? 

R.  F.  BRENT. 
Baltimore. 

JOHN  LEDYARD,  TRAVELLER. — Referring 
to  the  '  Life  and  Letters  of  John  Ledyard,' 
by  Jared  Sparks  (London,  Colburn,  1828),  I 
should  be  glad  of  the  following  information  : 

1.  Is  anything  known  concerning  a  relative 
of  the  same  surname,   "  a  rich  merchant  " 
living  in  London  between  1772  and  1777  ? — 
Pp.  42-3. 

2.  Is  any  record  known  of  the  marriage 
of  a  (John  ?)  Ledyard  (of  England,  not  an 
American)  and  a  Miss  Yarborough  between 
1690  and  1701  ? 

3.  Was  "  the  family  name  "  ever  placed 
on  a  carriage  in  those  days  ?  or  are  "  family 
arms  "  intended  when  it  is  said  that  Ledyard 
saw  "  the  family  name  "  on  a  carriage,  and 
thus  found  the  house  of  his  relative  ? — P.  44. 

4.  Can     anything    be     learnt     of     "  the 
Swedish  portrait  "  of  John  Ledyard  which 
was  at  Somerset  House  when  he  was  pre- 
paring to  go  to  Africa  under  the  auspices 
of  the  African  Association  and  Sir  Joseph 
Banks  ?       (Mrs.)  CHARLES  S.  FAIRCHILD. 

Cazenovia,  Madison  Co.,  New  York. 

JOHN  BANKES,  HABERDASHER.  —  John 
Bankes  (sometimes  spelt  Banks)  by  his  will 
gave  certain  money  to  charity,  and  also 
benefited  the  Haberdashers'  Company. 

In  his  will,  which  is  dated  21  March,  1716, 
he  is  described  simply  as  citizen  and  haber- 
dasher of  London,  and  he  desired  that  he 
should  be  buried  "  in  the  Burying  ground 
of  Winchester  Park  in  Southwark,  near  my 
irst  wife  and  daughter  there  interred." 
The  last  record  of  his  attendance  at  a  meet- 
ng  of  the  Court  of  this  Company  is  on 
28  November,  1719.  Probate  of  his  will 
,vas  granted  by  the  Prerogative  Court  of 
Canterbury  on  26  April,  1720,  and  he  must 
herefore  have  died  between  these  two  dates. 

John  Bankes  was  a  man  of  very  con- 
iderable  means,  and  was  probably  fairly 
•veil-known  in  his  day,  and  in  the  grant 
f  probate  of  his  will  he  is  referred  to  as 

John  Bankes,   late  of  the  Parish  of   St. 
Benedict  near  Paul's   Wharf,  London,  but 
n  the  Parish  of  Battersea  in  the  County  of 
urry,  deceased." 

The  Haberdashers'  Company  are  desirous, 
I  possible,  of  ascertaining  the  date  of  his 
death  and  the  place,  of  his  burial,  and  al- 
hough  a  very  careful  search  has  been  made 
n  the  Southwark  records,  no  result  has  been 
btained. 


388 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  n,  1911. 


I  should  be  exceedingly  glad  if  any  of 
your  readers  could  throw  any  light  upon  the 
date  of  his  death  and  the  place  of  his  burial. 
JNO.  EAGLETON. 

Haberdashers'  Hall,  Gresham  Street,  E.G. 

PRINTING  :  AN  UNPUBLISHED  MS. — Can 
any  of  your  readers  assist  me  to  trace  the 
present  whereabouts  of  the  following  item 
in  the  Libri  sale  of  April-May,  1861  ? — 

"4112.  Le  Brun  (M.)  Anecdotes  Typographiques 
ou  Ton  vpit  la  Description  des  Coutumes,  Mceurs  et 
Usages  singuliers  des  Compagnons  Imprimeurs. 

"Unpublished  Manuscript,  dated  lr  7bre  1762, 
folio,  Brux.,  1762. 

"  A  very  curious  work,  entirely  prepared  for  the 
press,  formerly  in  the  '  Bibliotheque  Publique  de 
PAcademie  Roy-ale  des  Sciences  de  Bordeaux.'  The 
author  calls  himself  'Ancien  Prote.  Graveur  et 
Auteur.'" 

R.  A.  PEDDIE. 

St.  Bride  Foundation,  Bride  Lane,  E.G. 

BILL  OF  RIGHTS  SOCIETY. — The  "  Society 
for  supporting  the  Bill  of  Rights "  was 
founded  in  1769  by  Home  Tooke  and  others, 
and  used  to  meet  at  "  The  London  Tavern." 
Does  its  minute-book  still  exist  ? 

HOBACE  BLEACKLEY. 

PRECEDENCE. — Does  the  wife  of  a  Privy 
Councillor  take  precedence  according  to  the 
rank  of  her  husband,  as  does,  for  instance, 
the  wife  of  a  knight  of  an  Order,  whose  rank, 
even  that  of  a  Grand  Cross,  is  below  the 
rank  of  a  member  of  the  Privy  Council  ? 
or  is  she,  like  the  wife  of  the  Archbishop  of 
Canterbury,  ignored  in  the  list  ?  If  so, 
such  omissions  appear  to  be  senseless.  A 
man  who  has  received  the  honour  of  the 
Privy  Council,  recognized  as  much  higher 
than  knighthood  or  a  baronetcy,  and  who 
has  precedence  above  these,  should,  like 
these  others,  be  able  to  secure  recognition 
of  his  wife  also  on  the  list.  It  is  presumed 
that  although  the  wife  of  an  archbishop  or 
bishop  has  no  place  on  the  list,  still  that,  by 
courtesy,  precedence  is  accorded  to  her  in 
general  society.  But  is  precedence  given 
her  at  Court  ?  OUTIS. 

AUTHOR  OP  SONNET  WANTED. — Will  any 
of  your  readers  kindly  tell  me  if  they  have 
ever  seen  in  print,  or  if  they  know  who  wrote 
— before  1869 — a  sonnet  beginning  : — 
Runs  thus  forever  Time's  untarrying  river, 
Glide  ever  thus  the  sands  within  his  glass  ; 
Life  is  but  fleeting  to  the  longest  liver, 
Days  like  a  flash  and  years  like  moments  pass. 
Joys  wing  the  hours .... 

I  have  it  in  the  handwriting  of  a  relative 
who  has  died  ;  I  believe  it  to  be  his  own 
composition,  but  as  it  is  unsigned  I  cannot 


print  it  as  his  without  making  every  effort 
to  discover  that  it  is  not.  I  shall  be  very 
grateful  to  any  one  who  will  help  me 
through  your  columns. 

G.  E.  MEREDITH. 

NEWSPAPER  "  EDITIONS."  (See  10  S.  HL 
287  ;  viii.  117.) — I  am  still  awaiting  a  reply 
to  my  query  of  over  six  years  since,  "  What 
is  a  newspaper  edition  ?  "  and  I  should  be 
the  more  glad  to  have  it  because  the  practice 
of  labelling  newspapers  on  the  title-page 
with  the  name  of  a  particular  "  edition " 
has  spread  very  largely  from  the  evening 
journals,  to  which  it  was  long  confined,  to- 
their  morning  contemporaries.  For  ex- 
ample, The  Daily  News  now  has  a  label,. 
"  Late  London  Edition  "  ;  The  Daily  Chro* 
nicle,  "  Late  Extra  Edition "  ;  and  The 
Daily  Mail,  "  Greater  London  Edition,' f 
to  distinguish  a  particular  section  of  the 
issue  from  that  earlier  printed.  A.  F.  R. 

'  THE  NOON  GAZETTE  AND  DAILY  SPY.' — - 
This  interesting  daily  summary,  published 
at  12  o'clock,  had,  I  believe,  a  very  short 
career.  Is  the  date  of  its  first  and  last 
issue  known  ?  Fox  Bourne  (i.  237)  says 
that  for  republishing  in  an  aggravated  form 
a  paragraph  giving  offence  to  the  Russian 
Ambassador,  the  printer  was  condemned  to 
prison  for  eighteen  months  arid  fined  200Z. 
This  occurred  in  1781,  and  probably  caused 
the  discontinuance  of  the  paper. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

HAGGATT  FAMILY.  —  Can  any  of  your 
readers  give  me  information  respecting  the 
family  of  Nathaniel  Haggatt  of  the  Middle 
Temple,  who  married  Frances  Beckford, 
17  December,  1677,  daughter  of  Richard 
Beckford,  Alderman  of  the  City  of  London  ? 
I  shall  be  glad  to  know  dates  and  particulars 
of  marriage.  A  Nathaniel  Haggatt  was 
a  planter  in  Barbados  about  1740.  The 
Rev.  George  Haggatt  was  for  forty-two 
years  Rector  of  All  Saints',  Ruston, 
Northants.  H.  C.  BARNARD. 

Bury  Orchard,  Wells,  Somerset. 

LOWTHER  FAMILY.  —  Who  holds  the 
baronetcy  conferred  upon  John  Lowther 
(of  Lowther  ?)  circa  1638  ?  He  married 
Mary  Fletcher  as  his  first  wife,  and  was 
grandfather  to  John,  2nd  Baronet  and 
1st  Viscount  Lonsdale.  What  became  of  his 
sons  Christopher  and  Hugh,  who  were  mer- 
chants in  London,  and  of  his  great-grand- 
children the  issue  of  Christopher  Lowther  of 
Wressle  ?  H.  FANSHAWE. 

34,  Forest  Drive,  Manor  Park,  E. 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  11,  i9iL]        NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


389 


ROBERT  (?)  BALL. — He  was  Mayor  of  a 
Devonshire  town,  probably  Bideford  or 
Barnstaple,  in  the  early  part  of  last  century. 
Information  as  to  place  and  date  of  the 

mayoralty    of    the    above Ball,    his 

parentage  and  career,  would  be  welcomed. 

F.  PAUL. 

61,  Marmion  Road,  Southsea. 

PRISONER  AT  PLUMPTON. — In  an  article 
in  a  newspaper  on  Sussex  I  read  as  follows  : 

"The  old  house  at  Plump  ton ....  remained 
to  tell  the  tale  of  the  prisoner  who  spent  his  years 
in  weary  repentance,  hearing  the  droning  fly  upon 
the  casement  and  the  cry  of  water-fowl  in  the 
moat." 

With  reference  to  the  above,  can  any  of 
your  readers  tell  me  the  history  of  the  afore- 
mentioned prisoner  ?  BLACK  CAP. 

LUCK  CUPS. — Can  any  one  tell  me  who 
are  the  possessors  of  historical  luck  cups  ? 
and  is  there  any  pamphlet  on  the  subject  ? 
I  know  of  the  "  luck  cups "  of  Edenhall 
and  of  the  Bacon  family  in  the  Isle  of  Man, 
and  am  told  there  is  a  third.  RAVEN. 

[Much  information  will  be  found  at  8  S.  iii.  125, 
176.  At  the  second  reference  the  late  MR.  SIDNEY 
HARTLAND  mentions  that  he  has  discussed  such 
drinking  cups  in  the  sixth  chapter  of  his  '  Science 
of  Fairy  Tales.'] 

BURRELL  FAMILY. — Can  any  one  give  me 
particulars  of  ancestors,  contemporary  rela- 
tions, and  some  descendants  of  John  Burrell 
of  Cornforth  (or  Carnforth),  who  had  seven 
children,  and  who  was  born  between  1725 
and  1740  ?  I  shall  be  much  obliged  for  any 
information.  Please  reply  direct. 

JAMES  BOWEN  BURRELL. 

19,  Fulwood  Park,  Liverpool. 

DOREHILL  FAMILY. — Is  anything  known 
of  the  family  or  descendants  of  Mr.  W.  A. 
Dorehill,  who  was  living  in  1835-6  at  Chalk, 
in  Kent  ?  Please  reply  direct. 

C.  VAN  NOORDEN. 

35,  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields,  W.C. 

EARLY  ARMS  OF  FRANCE. — Is  the  state- 
ment in  Fabyan's  '  Chronicle  '  that  before 
the  days  of  Clovis  "  all  Frenche  kynges  vsed 
to  bere  in  theyr  armes  iii  todys  "  accepted 
by  heralds  as  an  undoubted  historic  fact, 
or  is  it  nothing  more  than  a  picturesque 
sixteenth-century  legend  ? 

BENJ.  WALKER. 

Gravelly  Hill,  Erdington. 

'THE  PROGRESS  OF  ERROR.' — Can  any 
correspondent  furnish  me  with  the  name 
of  the  author  of  '  The  Progress  of  Error,'  a 
poem  ?  W.  B.  H. 


WILLIAM  ALABASTER. — According  to  the 
'D.N.B.,'  vol.  i.  p.  211,  he  "was  made  a 
Prebendary  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  and 
received  the  living  of  Tharfield  [?  Therfield] 
in  Hertfordshire."  Neither  Le  Neve  nor 
Hennessy  appears  to  give  him  as  a  Pre- 
bendary. When  was  he  installed  at  St. 
Paul's  ?  Can  any  one  give  me  the  dates  of 
his  M.A.,  B.D.,  and  D.D.  degrees  at  Cam- 
bridge ?  G.  F.  R.  B. 

ROBERT  ANSTRUTHER,  M.P.  for  Anstruther 
Easter  in  1793-4.  Who  was  he  ?  When  was 
he  born,  and  when  did  he  die  ? 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

CAMBRIDGE  CORMELL  was  admitted  to 
Westminster  School  in  1725,  aged  13.  Par- 
ticulars of  his  parentage  and  career  are 
desired.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

COCKERELL  COVERT  was  admitted  to 
Westminster  School  in  1722,  aged  13.  Any 
information  concerning  him  would  be  ac- 
ceptable. G.  F.  R.  B. 

HARE  FAMILY. — Can  any  reader  say  where 
is  to  be  found  a  complete  pedigree  of  the 
Hares — Lords  Coleraine — who  resided  at 
or  near  Tottenham,  Middlesex,  in  the  seven- 
teenth and  eighteenth  centuries  ?  What, 
if  any,  relationship  was  there  between 
this  family  and  the  Hares  of  Enfield  and 
Wormley,  Hertfordshire  ? 

C.  F.  HILTON. 
Exeter. 

PEDESTALS  OF  STATUES. — Many  of  the 
modern  statues  in  cities  are  set  up  on 
pedestals  so  high  that  they  are  rarely  looked 
it.  What  was  the  average  height  of  the 
pedestals  of  a  few  of  the  best  statues  in  the 
Forum  at  Rome  ?  JOHN  MILNE. 

WALTERS  :  HALLEY  :  WARD  :  WRIGHT. 
—At  11  S.  i.  66,  under  the  heading  of  '  Ward, 
Wright,  and  Day  Families,'  was  given  an 
extract  from  the  will  of  Francis  Halley,  sen. 
dated  1698),  in  which  he  mentioned  his 
sister  Mary,  wife  of  John  Ward. 

*Mr.  R.  J.  Beevor  now  finds  in  the  third 
volume  of  the  marriage  register  of  St. 
James's,  Duke's  Place,  this  entry  : — 

"  April  1,  1694.  John  Ward,  b.,  and  Mary 
Walters,  s.  Francis  Halley." 

This  indicates  that  Francis  Halley's 
mother,  Anne,  had  thrice  married :  first, 
a  Walters ;  second,  William  Halley  (obit 
circa  1673-5)  ;  and  third,  a  George  Coney, 
as  shown  by  some  unpublished  Chancery 
Proceedings  also  examined  by  Mr.  Beevor. 
It  would  be  interesting  to  discover  her 
maiden  surname.  Was  it  Pyke  ?  I  have 


390 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s,  iv.  NOV.  11, 1911. 


already  shown  that  Francis  Halley,  sen., 
married  in  1696  Eleanor  Pyke,  daughter  of 
Richard  Pyke  and  Eleanor  his  wife.  There 
is  an  indenture  between  Francis  Halley, 
Richard  Pyke,  et  al,  dated  21  April,  1694, 
which  might  seem  to  imply  some  previous 
relationship  between  those  families. 

The  '  Register  of  St.  Bene't,  Paul's 
Wharf  (London,  1911,  p.  234)  shows  this 
marriage-entry  : — 

"  1779,  Nov.  9.  Wm.  Wright,  of  this  parish, 
B.,  and  Mary  Pike,  of  the  same,  S.,  by  John 
Gibbons,  Curate.  Banns,  Wit.  :  W.  Purnell, 
Charles  Home." 

EUGENE  F.  McPiKE. 

135,  Park  Row,  Chicago. 

ORANGE  EMBLEMS. — Who  was  the  maker 
of  old  glassware  with  Orange  emblems  ? 
Are  they  still  produced  in  England  —  also 
delph  figures  of  William  III.  (I  think  made 
long  ago  in  Staffordshire)  ? 

WILLIAM  MACABTHUB. 

Dublin. 


MUNICIPAL    RECORDS    PRINTED. 
(11  S.  ii.  287,  450,  529  ;  iii.  493  ;    iv.  131.) 

ALLOW  me  to  thank  the  gentleman  who  one 
day  left  a  kind  note  on  the  desk  I  occupied 
at  the  British  Museum,  recommending  a 
certain  book  on  the  shelves  to  me.  I  know 
the  book  well,  but  he  will  see  that  my  list 
was  compiled  for  biographical  and  genea- 
logical purposes,  and  consequently  is  supple- 
mentary to  topographical  or  genealogical 
guides  already  published. 

With  regard  to  G.'s  complaint  that  I  had 
omitted  the  volume  of  Glasgow  Burgh 
Records  published  in  1908,  I  can  only  say 
that,  though  published  by  the  Scottish 
Burgh  Records  Society  at  Edinburgh  in 
1908,  it  was  not  received  at  the  British 
Museum  till  25  July,  1911,  a  month  after 
the  publication  of  the  number  of  '  N.  &  Q. 
containing  my  list,  and  it  will  be  some 
little  time  before  the  volume  appears  in 
the  Catalogue.  I  may  also  point  out  thai 
a  subsequent  volume,  dealing  with  the  perioc 
A.D.  1739-59,  published  by  the  Corporation 
in  1911,  is  in  the  Catalogue.  All  these  wil 
appear  in  the  supplementary  list  which  ] 
hope  to  contribute  to  '  N.  &  Q.'  ;  as  wil 
'  The  Records  of  the  Trades  House  of  Glas 
gow,'  published  in  1910. 

G.    likewise  mentions   several  Trade  In 
corporations,    apparently    not    the    volume 


ust  alluded  to.  In  the  British  Museum 
ire  two  volumes,  one  dealing  with  the 
hardeners,  the  other  with  the  Weavers— 
>oth  of  these  have  been  noticed.  If  any  more 
lave  been  published,  they  have  not  yet 
reached  the  Catalogue  of  the  British  Museum 
^ibrary. 

Coming  now  to  the  REV.  A.  B.  BEAVEN 
iii.  494),  he  has  done  splendid  work,  often 
under  difficulties,  but  he  confuses  descrip- 
ion  with  criticism.  As  I  said  about  his 
Bristol  book,  an  index  would  virtually 
duplicate  the  work,  but  to  have  to  wade 
through,  say,  seven  hundred  years  of  annual 
names  to  drop  on  the  right  one  is  no  light 
;ask.  MB.  BEAVEN  is  too  well  acquainted 
with  books  not  to  know  the  value  of  an 
ndex  ;  many  a  book,  good  in  itself,  is  spoilt 
or  want  of  an  index,  such  as  Bacon's 
Annalles  of  Ipswich  '  and  plenty  of  printed 
Darish  registers.  MB.  BEAVEN'S  book  on 
London  would  be  improved  by  an  index, 
and  I  sincerely  hope  one  will  appear  in  a 
future  volume. 

Finally,  with  reference  to  London  itself, 
the  bibliography  is  disappointing,  the  sub- 
jects overlap  so  much,  and  I  know  of  a  list 
of  Freemen  of  the  City  of  London,  published 
over  two  years  ago,  of  which,  when  these 
lines  were  written,  a  copy  had  not  reached 
the  British  Museum.  Though  the  list  is 
disappointing,  I  venture  to  think  that  it 
is  the  fullest^  yet  published. 
LONDON. 

Camera  Regis  ;  or,  a  Short  View  of  London  : 
containing  the  Antiquity,  Fame,  Walls,  Bridge, 
Biver,  Gates,  Tower,  Cathedral,  Officers,  Courts, 
Customs,  Franchises,  &c.,  of  that  Renowned 
City.  By  John  Brydall.  (1676.)  No  index. 
The  Priviledges  of  the  Citizens  of  London  :  con- 
tained in  the  charters  granted  to  them  by  the 
several  Kings  of  this  Realm,  and  confirmed  by 
sundry  Parliaments.  Comprehending  the  whole 
Charter,  only  Words  of  Form  left  out.  Now 
seasonably  publisht  for  general  information, 
upon  the  occasion  of  the  Quo  Warranto  brought 
against  the  said  City.  (1682.)  At  the  end 
of  the  second  charter  of  Charles  I.  is  a  curious 
list  of  duties  leviable  on  certain  articles. 
Privilegia  Londini  ;  or,  the  Laws,  Customs,  and 
Priviledges  of  the  City  of  London.  Wherein 
are  set  forth  all  the  Charters ....  all  their 
general  and  particular  Customs,  &c.  "  With 
an  Exact  Table  to  the  whole."  (1702.) 

Third    Edition,    with    large    Additions.     By 
W.  Bohun.     (1723.) 

An  Epitome  of  the  Privileges  of  London,  including 
Southwark,  as  granted  by  Royal  Charters,  con- 
firmed by  Acts  of  Parliament,  and  established  by 
Ancient  Custom,  with  remarks  on  the  repeated 
invasions  of  the  rights,  franchises,  and  juris- 
diction of  the  Metropolis  of  Great  Britain.  By 
D.  Hughson.  (1816.)  Table  of  Contents, 
Glossary,  Privileges  and  Customs  alphabetic- 
ally arranged. 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  11,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


391 


Memorials  of  London  and  London  Life,  in  the 
Thirteenth,  Fourteenth,  and  Fifteenth  Cen- 
turies. Being  a  series  of  extracts,  local,  social, 
and  political,  from  the  early  Archives  of  the 
City  of  London.  A.D.  1276-1419.  By  H.  T. 
Riley.  (1868.)  General  Index. 

Liber  Albus,  compiled  A.D.  1419.  Edited  by  H.  T. 
Riley.  Rolls  Series.  I.  (1859.)  No  index. 

Liber  Custumarum  and  Liber  Horn,  with 
extracts  from  the  Cottonian  MS.  Claudius  D. 
ii.  Vol.  II.  Part  I.  Ditto.  (I860.)  Part  II. 
(1860.) 

At  end  of  Vol.  II.  is  a  Glossary  of  Mediaeval 
Latin,  a  Glossarial  Index  of  Festivals  and  Dates, 
and  a  General  Index. 

Vol.  III.  Translation  of  the  Anglo-Roman 
passages  in  Liber  Albus,  Glossaries,  Appendices, 
and  Index.  (1862.) 

Liber  Albus  :  the  White  Book  of  the  City  of 
London.  ByH.T.  Riley.  (1861.) 

Analytical  Index  to  the  Series  of  Records  known 
as  the  Remembrancia,  preserved  among  the 
Archives  of  the  City  of  London.  A.D.  1579- 
1664.  By  W.  H.  Overall.  (1878.)  General 
Index. 

The  Historical  Charters  and  Constitutional  Docu- 
ments of  the  City  of  London.  By  an  Antiquary 
[i.e.  Walter  de  Gray  Birch].  (1884.) 

Revised  Edition,  1887.  Index,  Glossary, 
Notes  and  Corrections. 

London  and  the  Kingdom  :  a  History,  derived 
mainly  from  the  Archives  at  Guildhall.  By 
R.  R.  Sharpe.  (1894.)  3  vols.  Facsimiles 
prefixed  to  each,  and  Index  at  end  of  last. 

A  Discourse  on  some  Unpublished  Records  of  the 
City  of  London.  By  E.  Freshfield.  (1887.) 
No  index. 

Calendar  of  Letters  from  the  Mayor  and  Corpora- 
tion of  the  City  of  London.  Circa  A.D.  1350- 
70.  By  R.  R.  Sharpe.  (1885.)  Index  of 
Persons. 

Calendar  of  Letter-Books  preserved  among  the 
Archives  of  the  Corporation  of  the  City  of 
London  at  the  Guildhall. 

Letter-Book  A.  Circa  A.D.  1275-98.  By 
R.  R.  Sharpe.  (1899.) 
Letter-Book  B.  Circa  1275-1312.  (1900.) 
Letter-Book  C.  Circa  1291-1309.  (1901.) 
Letter-Book  D.  Circa  1309-14.  (1902.) 
Letter-Book  E.  Circa  1314-37.  (1903.) 
Letter-Book  F.  Circa  1337-52.  (1904.) 
Letter-Book  G.  Circa  1352-74.  (1905.) 
Letter-Book  H.  Circa  1375-99.  (1907.) 
Letter-Book  I.  Circa  1400-22.  (1909.) 
Each  volume  has  a  full  Index. 

Abstracts  of  Inq.  Post  Mort.  relating  to  the  City 
of  London.  Parti.  1485-1561.  (1896.)  Index 
Library,  Vol.  XV.  Contents,  Index  Nominum, 
Index  Locorum. 

Some  Account  of  the  Citizens  of  London  and  their 
Rulers  from  1060  to  1867.  By  B.  B.  Orridge. 
(1867.)  Table  of  Contents,  but  no  index. 

Woodcocks'  Lives  of  the  Illustrious  Lords  Mayors 
and  Aldermen  of  London.  With  a  brief  history 
of  the  City  of  London.  Also  a  Chronological 
List  of  the  Lords  Mayors  and  Sheriffs  of  London 
and  Middlesex  from  the  earliest  period  to  the 
present  time.  ( 1846. )  By  W.  and  R.  Woodcock. 
Table  of  Contents  ;  Lists  chronological,  but  no 
index. 


Chronicles  of  the  Mayors  and  Sheriffs  of  London, 
A.D.  1188  to  A.D.  1274.  Attributed  to  Arnald 
Fitz-Thedmar,  Alderman  of  London  in  the 
reign  of  Henry  III.  (1863.)  Notes  and  Index. 
(See  next  item. ) 

The  French  Chronicle  of  London,  A.D.  1259  to 
A.D.  1343.  (1863.)  Bound  with  the  preceding 
Notes  and  Index. 

Some  Account  of  the  Lord  Mayor  and  Sheriffs  of 
the  City  of  London,  1601  to  1625.  By  G.  E. 
Cokayne.  (1897.)  Chronological  List  and  Index. 

Facsimile  of  a  Heraldic  MS.  entitled  '  The  Names 
and  Armes  of  them  that  hath  beene  Alldermen 
of  the  Warde  of  Alldersgate  since  the  tyme  of 
King  Henry  6,  beginninge  at  the  30  yeere  of 
his  Reigne,  vntil  this  present  yeeare  of  our  Lord 
1616,'  by  John  Withie.  (1878.) 

The  Aldermen  of  Cripplegate  Ward  from  A.D.  1276 
to  A.D.  1900.  Together  with  some  account  of 
the  office  of  Alderman,  Alderman's  Deputy,  and 
Common  Councilman  of  the  City  of  London. 
By  J.  J.  Baddeley.  (1900.)  Full  Index. 

The  Aldermen  of  the  City  of  London  temp. 
Henry  III.  With  notes  on  the  Parliamentary 
Representation  of  the  City,  the  Aldermen,  and 
the  Livery  Companies,  the  Aldermanic  Veto, 
Aldermanic  Baronets  and  Knights,  &c.  By 
A.  B.  Beaven.  (1908.)  There  is  a  good  Table 
of  Contents  ;  the  arrangement  is  chronological, 
but  there  is  no  index.  In  the  British  Museum 
Catalogue,  however,  the  work  is  marked  "  In 
progress  "  ;  therefore,  as  I  have  said  above, 
I  hope  an  index  will  appear  in  a  future  volume. 

List  of  the  Commissions  of  Lieutenancy.  (1690.) 
Broadside. 

Register  of  Freemen  of  the  City  of  London  in  the 
reigns  of  Henry  VIII.  and  Edward  VI.  By  C. 
Welch — London  and  Middlesex  Archaeological 
Society  Transactions. 

List  of  the  Principal  Inhabitants  of  the  City  of 
London,  1640,  from  Returns  made  by  the  Alder- 
men of  the  several  Wards.  By  W.  J.  Harvey. 
(1886.)  No  index. 

Returns  of  Aliens  dwelling  in  the  City  and  Suburbs 
of  London,  from  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.  to 
that  of  James  I.  By  R.  E.  G.  Kirk.  Part  I. 
1523-71.  (1900.)  Part  II.  1571-97.  (1902.) 
Part  III.  1598-1625.  Additions,  1522-93. 
(1907.)  Part  IV.  (1908.) — Publications  of  the 
Huguenot  Society,  Vol.  X.  Each  part  indexed, 
and  the  last  volume  is  a  General  Index  to  the 
whole  of  the  persons  and  places. 

The  London  Register  of  Merchants  and  Traders  : 
For  the  Year  1775 ....  Names  and  Places  of 
Abode ....  London  and  Westminster,  South  - 
wark  and  Parts  adjacent. . .  .Lists,  &c.  (1775.) 
Names  alphabetical. 

A  Collection  of  the  Names  of  the  Merchants  living 
in  and  about  the  City  of  London ....  Directing 
them,  at  the  first  sight  of  their  name,  to  the 
place  of  their  abode.  (1677.)  Names  alpha- 
betical. Reprinted  by  Hotten  in  1863. 

The  Lists  of  the  Liveries  of  the  Fifty-Six  Com- 
panies in  the  City  of  London  :  as  delivered  upon 
Oath  to  the  Right  Hon.  Sir  Thomas  Abney, 
Knt.,  Lord  Mayor.  With  an  Account  who 
Poll'd,  and  who  did  not,  at  the  late  Election  of 
Members  of  Parliament  for  the  said  City  of 
London.  Begun  Monday,  Jan.  20.  Ended 
Thursday,  Jan.  23.  As  also  the  Account  of  the 
Scrutiny  begun  the  27  Jan.,  and  ended  the 
First  of  February,  1700.  (1701.)  Lists  are 
alphabetical. 


392 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  n,  1911. 


List  of  the  Livery  of  London,  with  their  places  of 
abode  and  businesses,  under  the  heads  of  their 
respective  Companies,  distinguishing  by  italics 
those  who  are  not  free  of  the  City  &c.  To 
which  is  added  an  useful  Index.  By  T.  Tom- 
lins.  (1775. )  The  Index  is  not  of  names,  but  of 
the  Companies,  and  the  names  are  alphabetical. 

The  City  of  London  Year-Book  and  Civil  Directory 
for  1910.  Including  Livery  Companies'  Guide, 
List  of  Liverymen  Voters,  a  Biographical 
Directory,  Corporation  Directory  (including 
the  Committees  of  the  Court  of  Common  Coun- 
cil), London  County  Council  Directory  (includ- 
ing its  Committees),  Lloyd's,  Baltic  and  Stock 
Exchange,  Members  of  Parliament,  City  Chari- 
ties, Hospitals  and  Schools,  Churches.  Super- 
seded the  City  of  London  Directory.  Index. 

A.  RHODES. 

(To  be  continued.) 


MRS.  GRACE  DALRYMPLE  ELLIOTT  ( 1 1  S.  ii. 
324,  371). — As  I  am  at  present  engaged  in 
editing  the  diaries  of  Grace  Dalrymple 
Elliott's  niece  (Frances,  Lady  Shelley),  in 
which  there  is  an  account  of  that  remarkable 
woman,  I  should  be  really  grateful  to  MR. 
HORACE  BLEACKLEY  if  he  would  state  his 
reason  for  saying  that  "  Grace's  name  should 
be  spelt  Eliot."  Lady  Shelley  spells  it 
"  Elliott." 

I  should  also  be  grateful  to  MR.  HARVEY 
GEM  if  he  would  favour  me  by  allowing 
me  to  see  his  copy  of  Grace  Balrymple's 
book  '  Journal  of  my  Life  during  the  French 
Revolution.'  According  to  Lady  Shelley, 
the  book  was  published  by  the  heroine's 
granddaughter.  RICHARD  EDGCUMBE. 

Edgbarrow,  Crowthorne,  Berks. 

EIGHTEENTH  -  CENTURY  SCHOOL  -  BOOK 
(11  S.  iv.  289).— -The  book  that  W.  B.  H. 
possesses  is  evidently  one  of  the  later  editions 
of  Hoole's  '  Commenius,'  of  which  the  full 
title  of  the  first  edition  is  as  follows  : — 

"  Joh.  Amos  Commenii  |  Orb  is  |  sensualium  | 
Pictus  :  |  Hoc  est  |  Omnium  fundamentalium  in 
mundo  rerum,  |  &  in  vita  Actlonum,  |  Pictura  & 
nomenclatura.  | 

"  Joh.  Amos  Commenius's  |  Visible  |  World  :  | 
or,  |  a  Picture  and  Nomenclature  of  all  the  Chief 
Things  |  that  are  in  the  world  ;  and  of  mens 
employment  therein.  |  A  work  newly  written 
by  the  Author  in  Latine  (and  High-Dutch)  being 
one  of  his  last  Essays,  and  the  |  most  suitable 
to  childrens  capacities  of  any  that  he  |  hath 
hitherto  made  I  and  translated  into  English.  I 
By  Charles  Hoole,  M.A.  | 

"  For    the    Use    of    Young    Latine-Scholars.  I 
Nihil   est   in   intellects   quod   non   prius   fuit   in 
sensu.      Arist.  j  LONDON,  |  Printed     by      T.     B. 
for  S.  Mearne,  Book-binder  I  to  the  Kings  most 
ExceUent  Majesty,  1672." 

The  engravings  in  this  edition  are  copper- 
plates ;  in  the  later  editions  these  were  super- 
seded by  rough  woodcuts.  The  twelfth 


edition,  dated  1777,  has  these  woodcuts  ; 
it  contains  CLIII.  headings,  text  ending  on 
p.  197 ;  then  follow  1  page  blank,  and  6  pp. 
of  Index  not  numbered.  There  are,  in 
the  copy  of  this  edition  which  I  have 
examined,  8  pp.  before  the  paging  of  the 
text  commences.  The  book  is  in  twelves, 
and  the  size  of  the  above  copy,  apparently 
in  original  binding,  is  6f  in.  by  3H  in. 
The  editor  was  a  Mr.  Jones. 

Comenius  was  celebrated  for  this  book 
and  his  'Janua  [or  Porta]  Linguarum 
Reserata,'  of  which  I  have  the  following 
Editions:  London,  1639;.Amst.,  Elzevir, 
1649  ;  and  London,  1659.  The  copy  of  the 
last  belonged  to  Archdeacon  Nares,  who 
made  this  note  on  the  fly-leaf  : — 

"  Sorbiere,  who  knew  Comenius,  speaks  of 
him  as  an  adventurer  and  impostor,  '  Sorberiana,' 
61  p.,  and  Bayle  fully  confirms  that  opinion. 
Among  other  things  he  set  up  for  a  prophet, 
or  infallible  interpreter  of  the  prophets.  His 
'Janua,'  however,  and  his  '  Orbis  sensualium,' 
had  a  prodigious  success  throughout  Europe.  See 
Bayle  in  Comenius." 

JOHN  HODGKIN. 

W.  B.  H.'s  school-book  must  be  the 
'  Orbis  Pictus.'  My  copy  is  a  demy  18mo, 
calf  bound,  and  entitled  : — 

"  Joh.  Amos  Commenii  |  Orbis  Sensualium 
Pictus  :  I  hoc  est,  |  Omnium  principalium  in 
Mundo  Be-  |  rum,  &  in  vita  Actionum,  |  Pictura 
&  Nomenclatura.  |  Joh.  Amos  Commenius  s  | 
Visible  World  :  |  or,  a  |  Nomenclature,  and  Pic- 
tures ;  I  of  all  |  The  chief  things  that  are  in  the 
World,  I  and  of  Mens  Employments  therein  ;  | 
In  above  an  150  Copper  Cuts.  |  Written  |  By  the 
Author  in  Latin  and  High-Dutch  |  being  one  of 
his  last  Essays,  and  the  most  |  suitable  to 
Childrens  Capacities  of  any  that  |  he  hath  hitherto 
made.  I  Translated  into  English  |  By  Charles 
Hoole,  M.A.  |  For  the  Use  of  Young  Latin 
Scholars.  |  Nihil  est  in  intellectu,  quod  non  prius 
fuit  in  sensu.  Arist.  I  London.  Printed  for, 
and  sold  by  John  Sprint,  at  the  |  Bell  in  Little 
Britain.  1705." 

My  College  library  has  another  copy. 
This  is  a  demy  12mo,  bound  in  paper  boards. 
There  is  no  alteration  in  the  title  except  the 
omission  of  the  word  "  copper "  before 
"cuts,"  and  the  addition  of  "The  Twelfth 
Edition.  Corrected  and  Enlarged  and  the 
English  made  to  answer  Word  for  Word 
to  the  Latin."  The  imprint  is  "London: 
printed  for  S.  Leacroft,  at  the  Globe,  Charing 
Cross.  MDCCLXXVII." 

The  '  Orbis  Pictus  '  was  for  some  time  the 
most  popular  school-book  in  Europe.  The 
first  edition  of  the  original  was  printed  at 
Nuremberg  in  1658,  so  Hoole  must  have 
procured  a  copy  of  it  almost  immediately, 
as  the  preface  to  his  translation  is  dated 
25  January,  1658  (N.S.  1659).  The  eleventh 


n  s.  iv.  NOV.  11,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


393 


edition  of  the  translation  was  published  in 
1727  ;  an  address  to  the  editor  of  the 
twelfth  edition  says  ' 'the  '  Orbis  Pictus  '  of 
Comenius  is  now  fallen  totally  into  disuse  as 
a  school-book,  though  no  other  comparable 
to  it  has  been  substituted  in  its  place." 

A  list  of  Hoole's  writings  and  translations 
is  given  in  the  '  Athena?  Oxonienses  '  (1691), 
ii.  273.  DAVID  SALMON. 

Training  College,  Swansea. 

W.  B.  H.'s  description  of  the  remains  of 
his  book  tallies  with  one  in  my  possession 
entitled 

"  Job.  Amos  Commenius's  Visible  World ; 
or,  a  Nomenclature  and  Pictures  of  all  the  chief 
things  that  are  in  the  World,  and  of  Men's 
Employments  therein." 

This  was  written  originally  in  Latin  and 
High-Dutch,  and  was  translated  into  English 
by  Charles  Hoole,  M.A.,  in  1658.  Each 
subject  is  illustrated  with  a  curious  woodcut. 
My  copy  is  dated  1705,  and  bears  several 
autographs  of  my  great-grandfather's,  exe- 
cuted when  a  boy  some  12  years  old,  with 
the  dates  1756  and  1757.  At  those  dates 
he  was  at  Eton,  so  probably  the  book  was 
in  use  there.  WALTER  E.  MANNERS. 

The  book  is  probably 

"  The  London  Vocabulary,  English  and  Latin, 
. . .  .for  the  use  of  Schools.  By  James  Green- 
wood, author  of  the  '  Essay  towards  a  practical 
English  Grammar.'  London  :  Printed  and  sold 
by  R.  Halsey  at  the  Plough  and  Harrow,  1712 
(2nd  edit.)." 

This  book  appears  to  have  been  in  use  at  a 
private  school  at  Hindley,  near  Wigan, 
kept  by  an  old  local  family  up  to  about 
1860,  a  copy  bearing  the  name  of  a  pupil, 
"  James  Marsh,  1718,"  being  found  amongst 
a  number  of  other  old  Latin  books  at  the 
dispersal  of  the  school  effects.  M.  N. 

[W.  C.  B.  and  MB.  C.  VAN  NOOBDEN  are  also 
thanked  for  replies.] 

RHOSCROWTHER  :  LLANDEGEMAN  :  RHOS- 
Y-CRYTHER  (11  S.  iv.  329). — Places  do  not 
change  their  names  suddenly.  Llandegeman 
occurs  under  various  forms  in  the  Laws  of 
How  ell  the  Good  ('  Ancient  Laws  and  In- 
stitutes of  Wales,'  273,  749)  ;  Rhoscrowther 
occurs  under  various  forms  in  Inquisitions 
of  Edward  II.  and  Edward  III.  (Owen's 
'  Pembrokeshire,'  pt.  ii.  304) ;  but  the  second 
did  not  supplant  the  first  on  some  definite 
date  between  the  twelfth  century  and  the 
fourteenth.  I  suppose  there  can  be  no 
doubt  that  the  Welsh  name  gave  way  to  the 
English  (or  rather  the  Anglicized)  name 
because  the  Welsh-speaking  people  in  South 
Pembrokeshire  had  been  forced  to  give  way 


to  an  English-speaking  people.  Though 
Crowther  comes  originally  from  crwth,  a 
fiddle,  it  may  in  Rhoscrowther  be  a  family 
name.  The  '  Black  Book  of  St.  Davids ' 
(1326)  speaks  in  a  South  Pembrokeshire 
survey  of  a  burgage  tenement  "  formerly 
belonging  to  le  Crouther "  (ed.  Willis- 
Bund,  151).  DAVID  SALMON. 
Swansea. 

EPICURUS  AT  HERCULANEUM  (11  S.  iv, 
270).— The  chief  works  (since  1866)  on  the 
papyri  of  Herculaneum  (these,  of  course r 
apart  from  books  on  mosaics,  mural  paint- 
ings, &c.)  are  those  of  Domenico  Com- 
paretti  : — 

Comparetti,  Domenico.  Papiro  ercolanese  in- 
edito.  Torino,  1875  (Loescher). 

Ditto.  Belazione  sui  papiri  ercolanesi.  Boma, 
1880  (Loescher). 

Ditto.  La  villa  dei  Pisoni  in  Ercolano  e  la- 
sua  biblioteca.  Napoli,  1879  (Giannini). 

Comparetti,  D.,  e  De  Petra,  G.  La  Villa 
Ercolanese  dei  Pisoni,  i  suoi  monument!  e  la  sua 
biblioteca.  Bicerche  e  notizie.  Torino,  1885 
(Loescher). 

Also  an  article  by  Comparetti  in  Rivista  di 
Filologia  ed  Istruzione  classica,  Turin,  1879. 

VERUS  should  consult  the  heading  '  Epi- 
curus '  in  Engelmann's  *  Biblio.  Scriptorum 
Classicorum '  (Scriptores  Graeci),  Leipsic, 
1880,  p.  299  ;  Spengel's  '  Die  Hercul. 
Rollen  '  in  '  Philologus,'  1863  (supplementary 
volume)  ;  Gompertz,  *  Hercul.  Studien/ 
Leipsic,  1865-6  ;  and  Kreibig's  '  Epicurus  ' 
(a  modern  study  of  the  philosopher).  The 
'  Herculanensium  Voluminum  '  ( Collect  io 
Altera)  was  continued  to  1877,  and  perhaps 
later.  I  append  a  fairly  full  list  of  books, 
all  of  which  deal  with  the  discoveries  of 
papyri  at  Herculaneum  : — 

Blanco,  Lorenzo.  Epitome  dei  Volumi  Erco- 
lanesi. Napoli,  1841  (Criscuolo). 

Ditto.  Saggio  della  semiografia  dei  Volumi 
Ercolanesi.  Napoli,  1842  (Criscuolo). 

Ditto.  Varieta  nei  Volumi  Ercolanesi,  vol.  i. 
parte  1  e  2.  Napoli,  1846  (Criscuolo). 

Boot,  Dr.  Joh.  Notices  sur  les  manuscrita 
trouves  a  Herculanum.  Amsterdam,  1841 
(Muller). 

Castrucci,  G.  Tesoro  letterario  di  Ercolano 
ossia  la  reale  officina  dei  Papiri  ercolanesi  indicate, 
per  1'arciprete  Giacomo  Castrucci,  lettore  degli 
stessi  ecc.  Napoli,  1852  (Stamp,  del  Fibreno). 

Davy.  Bagguaglio  degli  sperimenti  per  lo 
svolgimento  dei  papiri  ercolanesi  (Napoli,  s.d. 
stamperia  della  Biblioteca  Analitica). 

Fragmenta  Herculanensia ;  descriptive  cata- 
logue of  the  Oxford  copies  of  the  Herculanean- 
rolls,  together  with  the  texts  of  several  papyri, 
accompanied  by  (48)  facsimiles.  With  intro- 
duction and  notes,  edited  by  W.  Scott.  Oxford, 
1885,  Clarendon  Press  ;  London,  H.  Frowde. 

Hayter,  John.  The  Herculanean  and  Pom- 
peian  MSS.  A  letter  to  the  Prince  Begent,  1800 
(Privately  printed). 


394 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       in  s.  iv.  NOV.  n,  1911. 


•  Herculanensia  ;  or,  archaeological  and  philo- 
logical dissertations,  containing  a  manuscript 
found  among  the  ruins  of  Herculanum.  By  W. 
Drummond  and  B.  Walpole.  London,  1810 
(Cadell). 

Martini,  Emidio.  Catalogo  generate  dei  Papiri 
Ercolanesi. 

Murr,  Ch.  Th.  De  papyris  seu  voluminibus 
graecis  Herculanensibus  commentat  (Argentorati, 
1804,  Levrault). 

Quaranta,  Bernardo.  (Segretario  perpetuo  dell' 
Accademia  Ercolanese  ecc.)  De'  Papiri  Erco- 
lanesi ossia  Storia  della  loro  scoperta,  qualita, 
figura  e  svolgimento.  Napoli,  1835. 

Sickler,  F.  C.  L.  Die  Herkulanensischen  Hand- 
schriften  in  England,  und  meine,  nach  erhaltenem 
Kuf  und  nach  Auftrag  der  englischen  Regierung 
im  Jahr  1817  zu  ihrer  Entwickelung  gemachten 
Versuche.  Leipzig,  1819  (Brockhaus). 

Ventriglia,  FT.  Commentariolum  in  vetus 
litteratum  marmor  Pompeiis  effossum.  Neapoli, 
1852. 

A.  L.  HUMPHREYS. 

187,  Piccadilly,  W. 

COLOMAN  MIKSZATH'S  WORKS  IN  ENGLISH 
^11  S.  iv.  310). — Since  sending  my  query  I 
have  received  from  the  Chief  Librarian  of 
the  Hungarian  Academy  of  Sciences  a  printed 
list  of  the  Mikszath  translations  into  about 
o.  dozen  different  languages.  Among  those 
done  into  English  I  have  found  two  more, 
namely  : — 

'  Heathen  Master  Filcsik,'  published  at  Cleve- 
land, Ohio,  1910. 

'  Step  by  Step,'  which  appeared  in  Hungary, 
.an  English  periodical  published  at  Budapest 
<1908-10). 

L.  L.  K. 

MR.  WILLIAM  WEARE  :  THURTELL  :  WIL- 
LIAM WEBB  (11  S.  iv.  244). — In  addition  to 
the  references  given,  the  authorship  of  the 
verses  on  the  murder  of  Weare  was  dis- 
cussed at  10  S.  viii.  349.  In  a  letter  to  The 
Standard,  which  appeared  16  March,  1903, 
the  late  Sir  Spencer  Ponsonby-Fane  gave 
four  verses  as  having  been  quoted  by  his 
father  (Lord  Bessborough)  seventy  years 
ago.  Three  of  these  are  given  by  MR. 
MAYCOCK,  but  the  other  I  have  not  seen 
elsewhere.  It  ran  : — 

They  knocked  him  down 
With  a  pocket  pistol, 
His  throat  they  badly  cut : 
Then  into  a  ditch, 
In  a  sack  well  stitch, 
This  wounded  man  they  put. 
The  verse   "When  Ruthven  went"    there 
appears  as  a  refrain  or  chorus.       W.  B.  H. 

LE  BOTILER  OR  BUTLER  FAMILY  (US.  iv. 
310). — It  is  useless  to  seek  a  common  origin 
for  families  bearing  such  names  as  Butler, 
Smith,  Baker,  &c.  Any  man  who  was  a 
butler,  smith,  baker,  &c.,  at  the  time  when 


surnames  were  crystallizing,  might  found  a 
family  of  that  name.  The  baronial  house 
of  Boteler  or  Butler,  of  Wemme  and  Overs- 
ley,  is  said  to  have  owed  its  name  to  the 
founder  being  butler  to  Robert  de  Beaumont, 
Count  of  Meulan  and  1st  Earl  of  Leicester ; 
whilst  the  Lords  Boteler  of  Warrington  are 
said  to  have  been  descended  from  a  butler  to 
Ranulf  de  Gernon,  Earl  of  Chester.  No 
doubt  there  are  many  other  families  of 
Butler  whose  ancestors  held  that  post  in 
different  households. 

The  famous  Irish  house  of  which  Lord 
Ormonde  is  the  head  took  its  name  from  the 
hereditary  office  of  Chief  Butler  of  Ireland, 
and  had  no  connexion  with  any  of  the 
English  Butlers.  In  England  the  office  of 
king's  butler  was  a  serjeanty  hereditary  in 
the  family  of  Aubigny,  Earls  of  Sussex  or 
Arundel  (frequently  referred  to  as  "  de 
Albini,"  a  mistranslation  of  de  Albineio,  the 
Latinized  form  of  d' Aubigny),  who,  however, 
never  used  Boteler  as  a  surname.  The 
Aubignys  had  no  connexion  with  the  cas- 
tellans of  Ivry,  who  were  hereditary  butlers 
of  Normandy  at  the  time  of  the  Conquest, 
nor  had  they  any  connexion  with  Hamon 
the  butler,  to  whom  MR.  CAREY  refers. 

I  take  it  that  this  Hamon  pincerna  was 
a  royal  butler  in  Normandy,  as  Henry  II. 
calls  him  his  serjeant  ('  Cal.  of  Docts.  in 
France,'  No.  620).  Hamon,  who  witnessed 
many  of  the  king's  charters,  married  Agnes, 
daughter  and  coheiress  of  Geoffrey,  "  son 
of  Mabel"  (ibid.),  and  had  a  son  William 
(No.  832).  Hamon  was  a  benefactor  to  the 
Abbeys  of  Savigny  (ibid.)  and  Longues  (No. 
1453).  I  do  not  know  that  there  is  any- 
thing to  connect  him  with  the  Channel 
Islands.  G.  H.  WHITE. 

St.  Cross,  Harleston,  Norfolk. 

STATUES,  &c.,  IN  VENICE  (US.  iv.  308).— 
The  Library  of  St.  Mark  or  Bibliotheca 
Marciana  is  in  the  Palazzo  Ducale.  This 
institution,  with  which  the  names  of  Fran- 
cesco Petrarca  and  Marino  Sanudo  are 
intimately  connected,  should  not  be  con- 
founded with  Sansovino's  Libreria  Vecchia, 
now  part  of  the  royal  palace.  It  is  open 
to  all,  every  day  in  the  week,  except 
Sundays  and  holidays,  from  9  A.M.  to  4  P.M. 
Special  permission — never  refused  to  bona 
fide  students — is,  however,  required  for 
admission  to  the  famous  collection  of 
manuscripts.  J.  F.  S. 

WEST-COUNTRY  CHARM  (11  S.  iv.  250).— 
See  chap.  i. — '  Over  Running  Water  ' — of 
William  Black's  novel  '  Shandon  Bells.' 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 


ii  B.  iv.  NOV.  11,  mi.]      NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


395 


JOHN  LORD  :  OWEN  (11  S.  iv.  310). — I  think 
J.  H.  Y.  will  find  all  that  is  known  concerning 
the  pedigree  of  the  late  Sir  John  Owen  in  a 
book  written  by  me  and  called  '  The  Church 
Book  of  St.  Mary  the  Virgin,  Tenby.'  It 
can  be  procured  from  John  Leach,  publisher, 
Tenby.  I  may  say  I  have  no  pecuniary 
interest  in  its  sale.  EDWARD  LAWS. 

LUNATICS  AND  PRIVATE  LUNATIC  ASYLUMS 
(11  S.  iv.  209,  251).— A  scene  in  'Notes  and 
Gold,'  a  four-act  drama  by  myself,  produced 
by  Mr.  W.  H.  Brougham  at  Bradford  on 
31  August,  1885,  was  devoted  to  an  escape 
from  a  private  lunatic  asylum. 

ALFRED  F.  BOBBINS. 

*  NlBELUNGENLIED  '  :          ITS        LOCALITIES 

(11  S.  iv.  309). — Troneje  or  Tronege,  Hagen's 
home=Tronia  or  Kirchberg  in  Alsace ; 
Metz,  Ortwin's  home,  the  well-known  fortress 
on  the  Moselle  or  Mosel ;  Alzeije=Alzei,  a 
small  town,  not  in  Alsace,  but  near  Worms 
on  the  Rhine ;  Santen=Xanten  on  the 
Lower  Rhine,  opposite  Wesel  (cf.  Aug. 
Liibben's  '  Worterbuch  '  to  the  '  Nibelungen- 
lied,'  Oldenburg,  1865,  p.  210). 

H.  KREBS. 

FRIDAY  AS  CHRISTIAN  NAME  (11  S.  iv. 
310). — This  is  certainly  rare,  though,  as 
pointed  out  by  the  Editor,  it  is  more  common 
amongst  foreigners  (see  8  S.  viii.  388). 
Crabbe,  in  one  of  his  poems  describing  the 
christening  of  a  foundling,  winds  up  with 
And  Anthony  Monday  to  the  workhouse  went. 

A  Monday  Haward,  a  widow,  was  buried 
at  Seaham  in  October,  1667  ('  Chronicon 
Mirabile,'  p.  76).  Anthony  Monday  occurs 
as  the  name  of  a  sixteenth-century  author 
and  translator. 

"  Festival  names  "  were  common,  Easter 
probably  being  the  most  popular,  and  being 
confused  with  Esther.  A  foundling  dis- 
covered in  Sunderland  on  Easter  Day  was 
baptized  by  the  name  of  Easter  at  Bishops- 
wearmouth  on  28  August,  1705  (ibid.,  p.  74). 
Epiphany  was  another  such  name  common 
to  both  sexes.  The  will  of  Epiphany 
Holland  of  Kent  was  proved  January,  1731 
(10  Isham).  Mr.  Michaelmas  Whatton  and 
Michaelmas  Danbie  were  buried  at  North- 
allerton. — the  first  in  1637,  the  second  in 
1639.  It  was  possibly  a  foundling  named 
Darke  Satterday  who  was  [?  buried]  at  St. 
Nicholas's,  Newcastle,  on  25  February,  1597 
('  Chronicon  Mirabile,'  p.  97).  Probably  the 
girl  christened  Friday  was  born  on  that  day 
in  the  week.  A.  RHODES. 

|"C,  C.  B.  is  also  thanked  for  reply.] 


HAMLET  AS  BAPTISMAL  NAME  IN  1590 
(US.  iv.  305). — Hamlet  and  Hamnet  were 
once  common,  surviving  till  nearly  the  close 
of  the  eighteenth  century.  The  two  forms 
were  sometimes  applied  to  the  same  indi- 
vidual, as  13  June  and  13  November,  1502, 
Hamlet  Clegg  and  Hampnet  Clegg  appear  in 
the  '  Privy  Purse  Expenses  of  Elizabeth  of 
York,'  pp.  21  and  62.  The  son  of  Shake- 
speare was  christened  Hamnet  after  his  god- 
father, Hamnet  Sadler.  It  is  really  the  pet 
form  of  the  Norman  name  Hamon,  through 
various  forms — Hamonet,  Hamelot,  &c. 
There  is  a  deal  of  information  on  the  name 
in  Bardsley's'  Curiosities  of  Puritan  Nomen- 
clature,' where  there  are  seven  references 
in  the  index.  *  N.  &  Q.'  is  quoted  for  one 
of  the  instances  at  10  S.  viii.,  while  another 
in  the  same  volume  is  given  independently. 

A.  RHODES. 

STONEHENGE  :  '  THE  BIRTH  OP  MERLIN  ' 
(11  S.iv.  128,  178,  235,  295).— In  1881  Prof. 
Flinders  Petrie  made  observations  with  the 
object  of  ascertaining  the  date  of  the  erec- 
tion of  this  temple.  On  the  assumption  that 
Stonehenge  was  built  for  sun-worship,  and 
correctly  orientated  at  a  time  when  the 
sun  rose  immediately  behind  the  Friar's  Heel 
on  21  June,  he  came  to  the  conclusion  that 
Stonehenge  was  built  about  730  A.D.,  and 
his  ruling  was  accepted  until  Sir  Norman 
Lockyer  and  Mr.  Penrose  made  similar 
observations  in  June,  1901.  They  came  to 
the  conclusion  that,  assuming  Stonehenge  to 
have  been  built  as  a  Temple  of  the  Sun,  with 
the  Friar's  Heel  as  a  pointer  indicating  the 
spot  on  the  horizon  at  which  the  sun  rose 
on  21  June,  the  date  of  its  erection  must  be 
1680  B.C.  +200  years,  a  date  which  approxi- 
mately coincides  with  that  arrived  at  by 
Mr.  Gowland  on  other  considerations. 
Hence  it  seems  this  calculation  may  be 
accepted  as  giving  the  correct  date,  always 
provided  that  Stonehenge  was  originally  a 
Temple  of  the  Sun  (see  Mr.  Arthur  J.  Ire- 
.and's  '  Stonehenge  '). 

WILLIAM  MACARTHUR. 
Dublin. 

DIATORIC   TEETH   (11   S.  iv.    290).— -The 
New   English  Dictionary '    has    "  Diatory, 
obs.  form  of  '  dietary.'  '      This  is  probably 
he  solution.  E.  G.  VARNISH. 

Constitutional  Club. 

I  would  suggest  that  "  diatoric  "  is  formed 
iom  the  Greek  word  Siaropos  (  =  piercing), 
and  that  the  epithet  is  intended  to  be  de- 
scriptive of  the  business  capacity  of  the 
:eeth  in  question.  DUNHEVED  [2]. 


396 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv,  NOV.- n,  wn. 


OBSOLETE  FISH  (US.  iv.  310). — I  think 
these  fish-names  arose  from  an  attempt 
to  imitate  tKe  pronunciation  of  a  French- 
man, and  are  mostly  incorrect.  Thus  tenes 
is  for  tense,  a  foreign  and  ignorant  pronun- 
ciation of  tench. 

A  few  of  them  can  be  disposed  of  on 
the  above  supposition  : — 

Guard-fish  ;  i.e.,  gar-fish.  Glout  ;  error 
for  gloat,  a  species  of  eel  ('  N.E.D.').  Tenes  ; 
tench.  Lying  ;  error  for  "  lyng,"  a  ling. 
Tusk  ;  an  occasional  spelling  of  torsk,  a 
gadoid  fish  ('  Century  Diet.,'  with  a  drawing 
of  it).  Rocket  ;  error  for  rochet,  the  red 
gurnard  ('N.E.D.').  Kinson ;  variant  of 
Kingston,  a  name  for  the  angel-fish  or  monk- 
fish  ('N.E.D.').  Dose;  error  for  dace 
(formerly  pronounced  "daace").  Gollin  ; 
some  kind  of  fish,  obsolete  ('N.E.D.'). 
Bearbet  ;  misprint  for  "bearbel,"  i.e.,  barbel. 
Hollebet  ;  halibut. 

I  doubt  if  alloc  means  an  alose,  or  shad. 
It  reminds  me  rather  of  a llec,  which  was  a 
Late  Latin  name  for  a  herring.  I  find  in 
Wright's  '  Vocabulary,'  ed.  Wiilcker,  col.  181, 
1.  3  :  "  Allec,  vel  iairus,  vel  taricius,  vel 
sardina,  haering."  WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

The  passage  to  which  MB.  SCHLOESSER 
refers  would  seem  to  have  been  taken  from 
"  The  Art  of  Cookery,  made  Plain  and 
Easy  ;  by  a  Lady,"  that  is  to  say,  the  book 
popularly  known  as  '  Mrs.  Glasse's  Cookery.' 
On  p.  323  of  the  second  edition  (which  is 
the  first  8vo  edition,  and  was  published  in 
the  same  year  as  the  first  edition,  namely, 
1747)  there  may  be  found  lists  of  fish  in 
season  for  Candlemas,  Midsummer,  Michael- 
mas, and  Christmas  quarters,  and  as  they 
contain  the  names  of  sundry  fishes,  in  addi- 
tion to  those  specially  mentioned  by  MB. 
SCHLOESSER,  with  which  I,  for  one,  was  not 
at  all  familiar,  it  may  perhaps  be  of  interest 
to  give  the  lists  in  extenso,  with  notes  upon 
the  names  of  unusual  occurrence  : — 
Candlemas  Quarter. 
Fish  in  Season. 

Lobsters,  Crabs,  Crawfish,  River  Crawfish, 
Guard-fish,  Mackerel,  Breams,  Barbel,  Roach, 
Shad  or  Alloc,  Lamprey  or  Lamper-eels,  Dace, 
Bleek,  Prawnes,  and  Horse-Mackerel. 

The  Eels  that  are  taken  in  Running  Water,  are 
better  than  Pond  Eels  ;  of  those  the  silver  ones 
are  most  esteemed. 

Midsummer  Quarter. 

Turbuts  and  Trouts,  Soals,  Grigs,  Shafflins 
and  Glout,  Tenes,  Salmon,  Dolphin,  Flying- 
Fish,  Sheep-Head,  Tollis,  both  Land  and  Sea, 
Sturgeon,  Seale,  Chubb,  Lobsters  and  Crabs. 

Sturgeon  is  a  Fish  commonly  found  in  the 
Northern  Seas  ;  but  now  and  then  we  find  them 
m  our  great  Rivers,  the  Thames,  the  Severn, 


and  the  Tyne.  This  Fish  is  of  a  very  large  Size- 
and  will  sometimes  Measure  eighteen  Feet  in 
length.  They  are  much  esteemed  when  Fresh, 
cut  in  Pieces  and  roasted  or  baked,  or  pickled  for 
cold  Treats.  The  Cavier  is  esteem' d  a  Dainty, 
which  is  the  Spawn  of  this  Fish.  The  latter  End. 
of  this  Quarter  comes  Smelts. 

Michaelmas  Quarter. 

Cod  and  Haddock,  Coalfish,  White  and  Pouting: 
Hake,  Lyng,  Tuske  and  Mullet  Red  and  Grey, 
Weaver,  Gurnet,  Rocket,  Herrings,  Sprats, 
Scales  and  Flounders,  Plaise,  Dabs  and  Smeare- 
Dabs,  Eels,  Chare,  Scate,  Thornback  and  Homlyn,. 
Kinson,  Oysters  and  Scollops,  Salmon,  Sea  Pearch 
and  Carp,  Pike,  Tench,  and  Sea  Tench. 

Scate  Maides  are  black,  and  Thornback  Maide* 
white.  Gray  Bass  comes  with  the  Mullet. 

In  this  quarter  are  fine  Smelts  and  holds  till 
after  Christmas. 

There  are  two  Sorts  of  Mullets,  the  Sea  Mullet 
and  River  Mullet,  both  equally  good. 
Christmas  Quarter. 

Dorey,  Brile,  Gudgeons,  Gollin,  Smelts,  Crouch, 
Perch,  Anchovy  and  Loach,  Scollop  and  Wilks». 
Periwinkles,  Cockles,  Mussels,  Geare,  Bearbet 
and  Hollebet. 

The  explanations  requisite  seem  to  be  the 
following  : — 

Candlemas  Quarter. 

Guard  fish = garfish  or  hornfish,  Esox 
belone. 

Shad  or  alloc  =  the  shad  or  allose  of  Ray> 
Clupea  alosa. 

Horse  mackerel  =  the  scad,  Scomber 
trachurus. 

Midsummer  Quarter. 

Grigs,  Anguilla  minima,  Junius,  '  No- 
menclator,'  1585. 

Shafflins,  Anguilla  media,  "  a  scaffling 
dicitur,"  idem. 

Glout. — This  is  also  an  eel  according  to* 
the  '  N.E.D.'  It  is  called  gloat,  glot,  glout,  or 
glut.  Pennant  says  that  the  fish  known  as 
grig's  in  the  Thames  are  known  as  grigs  or  gluts 
at  Oxford.  G.  C.  Davies,  '  Norfolk  Broads  ' 
(1883),  xxxi.  243,  refers  to  the  "hooking"1 
eel,  or  "  gloat,"  the  blackish  medium-sized 
eel  taken  by  anglers,  babbers,  and  on  night- 
lines. 

Tenes,  tollis,  both  land  and  sea. — Of 
these  I  can  find  nothing  to  indicate  what 
they  were. 

The  lying  fish  of  MB.  SCHLOESSER  is  seen 
to  be  flying- fish  in  Mrs.  Glasse's  book. 

The  sheephead  will,  I  think,  in  all  pro- 
bability be  found  to  be  one  of  the  Sparus 
group.  In  America  there  is  a  fish  with  this 
name,  of  which  the  '  Century  Dictionary  * 
(Times  edition),  vol.  vii.  p.  5561,  col.  2, 
gives  the  following  description  : — 

"  Sheepshead. — 2.  A  Sparoid  fish,  Archosargus, 
or  Diplodus  frobatoccphalus  (formerly  known  as 
Sargus  ovis),  abundant  on  the  Atlantic  coast  of 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  ii,  MIL.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


397 


the  United  States,  and  highly  esteemed  as  a 
food-fish.  It  is  a  stout  and  very  deep-bodied 
fish,  with  a  steep  frontal  profile,  of  a  grayish 
colour  with  about  eight  vertical  dark  bands, 
and  the  fins  mostly  dark.  It  attains  a  length  of 
30  inches,  though  usually  found  of  a  smaller  size. 

"3.  A  Scisenoid  fish  of  the  fresh  waters  of  the 
United  States,  Haplodinotus  grunniens,  also 
called  drum,  croaker,  and  thunder-pumper." 

Nares  (ed.  1859,  p.  767)  gives  :— 
"  Sargon,  or  Sargus.     A  fish  said  by  Schneider, 
on  JBlian,  to  be  the  Sparus  of  Linnaeus,  in  English, 
therefore,  the  gilt-head." 

Possibly,  therefore,  the  sheephead  may  be 
a  Sparus,  such  as  the  Sparus  dentatus  or 
toothed  gilt-head  ;  the  ordinary  gilt-head 
liaving  been  suggested  as  the  equivalent  for 
the  gollins.  The  sargus  and  its  love  for 
goats  has  been  dwelt  on  by  Du  Bartas  and 
his  translator  Sylvester. 

Michaelmas  Quarter. 

Coal  fish. — Oadus  carbonarius,  is  still 
quoted  in  the  Billingsgate  and  Grimsby 
Market  reports. 

White  and  pouting  hake  are  probably  the 
whiting,  Oadus  merlangus,  and  the  whiting 
pout,  Gadus  barbatus. 

Tuske,  or  torske,  is  Gadus  callarias. 
Rocket =Fr.  rouget,  or  red  mullet,  Mullus 
foarbatus. 

Smeare  dabs=  Pleuronectes  microcephalus. 
Chare  =  char,  the  Windermere  fish,   Salmo 
•alpinus. 

Homlyn=the    homelyn   ray,    also    called 
the  home,  sand,  or  spotty  ray,  Raia  maculata. 
Kinson,  a  corruption  of  kingstone,  other- 
wise the  angel  fish,  monkfish,  or  shark  ray, 
.Squatina  angelus. 

Scate  maides  and  thornback  maides  are 
the  females  of  these  fishes. 

Christmas  Quarter. 

Gollin. — I  am  somewhat  uncertain  as  to 
what  this  means  ;  but  it  may  be  a  corrup- 
tion of  "golden,"  in  which  case  it  would  seem 
to  indicate  the  golden-maid  or  -wrasse, 
also  known  as  the  gilt-head,  rather  than  the 
golden  carp  or  goldfish,  although  these  are 
•edible  and  said  to  be  quite  good. 

Crouch = the  crucian,  known  as  the 
'Crouger  in  Warwickshire,  the  Gibele  carp,  or 
Cyprinus  carassius.  This  fish  is  known  as 
•carouche  in  Berlin,  and  on  the  Thames  as  the 
'German  carp.  .  . 

Bearbet  =  the  burbot,  Gadus  lota. 
Hollebet  =  the  hollibut  or  halibut,  Pleuro- 
nectes hippoglossus. 

Dose,  mentioned  by  MR.  SCHLOESSEB, 
would  appear  to  be  intended  for  the  dace 
given  by  Mrs.  Glasse  :  possibly  dose  is  a 
misprint. 


I  do  not  feel  at  all  sure  that  Mrs.  Glasse' s 
list  is  original,  but  I  cannot  find  it  in  several 
of  the  earlier  cookery  books  that  I  have 
consulted  for  this  especial  purpose. 

Curiously  enough,  MB.  SCHLOESSEB  in  his 
'  Greedy  Book,'  whilst  pointing  out  (p.  84) 
that  Dr.  Kitchiner  wrongly  dates  the  first 
edition  of  "  Mrs.  Glasse  "  as  1757,  falls  into 
a  similar  error  himself  on  p.  86,  where  he 
gives  the  date  as  1745.  The  correct  date  is 
1747.  JOHN  HODGKIN. 

Guardfish  should  certainly  not  be  classed 
as  obsolete.  It  is  one  of  the  best-known 
fishes  in  Australian  waters,  and  the  word  is 
in  colloquial  use  in  Melbourne,  Sydney, 
and  other  centres.  Boys  abbreviate  it  into 
"  gardy."  Prof.  Morris  ('Austral-English,' 
p.  158)  seems  to  think  that  "  garfish "  is 
the  more  correct  form,  while  stating  that 
some  are  of  opinion  that  "  guardfish  "  was 
the  original  spelling.  The  Professor  favours 
the  view  that  the  word  is  derived  from  the 
Anglo-Saxon  gar — spear,  dart,  javelin — 
in  allusion  to  the  long  spear-like  projection 
of  the  jaws  of  this  fish.  J.  F.  HOGAN. 

Royal  Colonial  Institute, 

Northumberland  Avenue. 

Tusk. — Dr.  J.  Jacobsen  (University  of 
Copenhagen),  in  his  '  Dialect  and  Place- 
Names  of  Shetland  '  (1897),  states  :— 

The  cod  is  in  Norway  and  Denmark  called 
torsk,  while  the  tusk  (torsk)  is  called  brosma, 
brosme,  which  name  is  still  used  in  Shetland, 
pronounced  brismik." 

The  tusk  is  an  edible  sea  fish,  caught  off 
the  coasts  of  the  Shetland  Isles.  When 
full  grown  it  is  smaller  than  the  full-sized 
cod,  but  its  flesh  is  firmer  and  more  palatable. 
Its  dorsal  fins  are  well  developed,  its  head 
and  body  are  plump,  and  the  skin  is  darker 
in  colour  than  that  of  the  ling.  When  salted 
and  dried,  its  flesh  is  firmer  and  more 
glutinous  than  the  cod's. 

THOS.  F.  MANSON. 

Will  MB.  SCHLOESSEB  allow  me  to  supple- 
ment his  question  ?  Formerly  we  had  150 
sail  of  large  fishing  smacks  which  belonged 
to  this  town — now,  alas  !  all  gone  away. 
They  often  brought  in  a  fish  which  when 
stuffed  and  baked  was  extremely  good ; 
it  was  called  locally  "  latchet  "  :  it  had  a 
large  head  out  of  all  proportion  to  its  body. 
I  do  not  hear  of  it  to-day. 

W.  W.  GLENNY. 

Barking,  Essex. 

[MR.  R.  V.  GOWER,  MR.  T.  JONES,  MR.  A.  E. 
STEEL,  and  MR.  J.  WILLCOCK,  are  thanked  for 
replies.] 


398 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       ffii  s.  iv.  NOV.  n,  1911. 


HALDEMAN  SURNAME  (11  S.  iv.  329). — 
Surely  the  name  is  German.  Haleman 
might  easily  have  been  changed  into  Halde- 
man  if  the  latter  was  already  in  use."  Halde  " 
is  given  in  Fliigel's  '  German  Dictionary  ' 
as  a  provincial  word  meaning  a  hill  or  a 
holt.  But  the  original  sense  was  "  a  slope." 
Breul  translates  Halde  by  "  declivity " 
which  is  the  best  sense. 

The  sb.  was  derived  from  an  old  adjective 
viz.,  the  O.H.G.  kald,  Norse  hallr,  A.-S 
heald,  meaning  "  sloping  down,"  or  "  lean- 
ing to  one  side." 

Besides  the  examples  given  in  Toller,  ] 
have  found  three  in  Birch's  'A.-S.  Charters, 
at  vol.  ii.  524,  vol.  iii.  33  and  338.  The  first 
of  these  is  dated  943,  and  gives  us  "  on 
healdan  weg,"  i.e.,  on  the  way  downhill. 
Bardsley  has  no  record  of  such  a  name  in 
England.  WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

There  was  a  family  of  note  in  England 
named  Haldimand,  of  Swiss  extraction. 
William  was  a  director  of  the  Bank  of  England 
and  M.P.  for  Ipswich,  and  Sir  Frederick 
Haldimand,  K.B.,  Governor  of  Quebec. 

R.  J.  FYNMORE. 
[R.  B.  is  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

NOBLE  FAMILIES  IN  SHAKESPEARE  (11  S. 
iv.  248,  296). — An  immense  number  of 
people  are  descended  from  Shakespearian 
characters,  but  lineal  male  descendants  now 
sitting  in  the  House  of  Lords  are  not  many. 
The  Marquis  of  Abergavenny  is  the  lineal 
representative  of  Ralph  Neville,  Earl  of 
Westmoreland  ('1  King  Henry  IV.'),  a 
peerage  which  was  forfeited  in  1570, 
though  his  title  of  Abergavenny  is  derived 
through  Edward  Neville,  the  sixth  son 
of  that  Earl.  From  John  Talbot,  "  the 
great  Alcides  of  the  field"  ('1  King- 
Henry  VI.1),  is  lineally  descended  in  the 
male  line  the  Earl  of  Shrewsbury  and 
Talbot.  The  Earl  of  Huntingdon  is  the 
lineal  descendant  of  William,  Lord  Hastings 
('  3  King  Henry  VI.'),  although  the  Barony 
of  Hastings,  being  heritable  by  females, 
is  held  by  the  Earl  of  Loudoun.  From 
Thomas,  Lord  Stanley  ('King  Richard  III.'), 
is  descended  the  Earl  of  Derby ;  while  from 
"  Jockey  of  Norfolk "  (ibid.)  we  have  as 
descendants  in  the  House  of  Lords  the  Duke 
of  Norfolk,  the  Earls  of  Carlisle,  Suffolk 
and  Berkshire,  and  Emngham,  and  Lord 
Howard  of  Glossop. 

I  think  this  list  exhausts  the  number  of 
peers  who  are  lineally  descended  in  the 
male  line  from  characters  mentioned  by 
Shakespeare,  though  there  are,  of  course, 
a  large  number  of  collateral  Howards, 


Nevilles,  and  Talbots.  Of  peers  who  are 
descended  in  the  female  line  may  be  named 
the  Dukes  of  Somerset,  Northumberland, 
Athole,  and  Portland  (through  De  Vere, 
Earl  of  Oxford),  Lord  Stafford,  Lord  Petre, 
Lord  Saye  and  Sele,  Lord  Mowbray  and 
Stourton,  and,  I  think,  Lord  Bagot. 

It  would  take  too  much  space  to  go  through 
all  the  historical  plays,  and  I  will  confine 
myself  to  the  earliest,  '  King  John.'  In 
this  play  five  great  feudal  barons  are  among 
the  characters — William  Marshall,  Earl  of 
Pembroke  ;  Geoffrey  FitzPeter  or  FitzPiers, 
Earl  of  Essex  ;  William  Longsword,  Earl  of 
Salisbury  ;  Roger  Bigod,  Earl  of  Norfolk  ; 
and  Hubert  de  Burgh,  Earl  of  Kent.  Of 
the  last  three  I  am  unable  to  trace  any 
living  descendants,  though  some  probably 
exist,  but  the  first  two  are  still  represented 
in  the  House  of  Lords.  The  five  sons  of 
William  Marshall,  who  successively  held  the- 
Earldom  of  Pembroke,  died  without  children, 
but  their  sister  Joan  married  Warine  de 
Montchesni,  and  their  daughter  and  heiress 
Joan  married  William  de  Valence,  Earl  of 
Pembroke.  Their  daughter  and  heiress, 
Joan  married  John,  Lord  Comyn  of  Bade- 
noch,  whose  daughter  Elizabeth  married 
Richard,  Lord  Talbot,  the  direct  ancestor 
of  the  Earl  of  Shrewsbury.  Mary,  the 
daughter  of  Geoffrey  FitzPiers,  married 
Henry  de  Bohun,  who  was  created  Earl  of 
Hereford'  in  1199.  Eleanor,  the  daughter 
and  heiress  of  the  sixth  earl,  married  Thomas 
of  Woodstock,  Duke  of  Gloucester,  and  their 
daughter  and  heiress  Anne  married  Henry 
Bourchier,  Count  of  Ewe,  and  afterwards  Earl 
of  Essex.  Their  daughter  Cecily  married  John 
Devereux,  Lord  Ferrers  of  Chartley,  from 
whom  the  present  Viscount  Hereford  is 
lineally  descended.  From  this  John 
Devereux  are  also  descended  in  the  female 
iine  the  Marquis  Townshend  and  Earl 
Ferrers,  as  well  as  a  large  number  of  com- 
moners. 

Henry  Wriothesley,  Earl  of  Southampton, 
jo  whom  '  Venus  and  Adonis '  and  '  The 
Rape  of  Lucrece  '  were  dedicated,  is  repre- 
sented in  the  House  of  Lords  by  the  Duke 
of  Bedford  and  the  other  peers  belonging 
:o  the  family  of  Russell. 

W.  F.  PRIDEATJX. 

LONDON'S  ROYAL  STATUES  (11  S.  iv.  188). 
— Information  can  be  had  in  the  lately 
ssued  '  Return  of  Outdoor  Memorials  in 
London'  (Messrs.  P.  S.  King  &  Son,  2-4, 
3rreat  Smith  Street,  Victoria  Street,  West- 
minster, post  free  Is.  8^cL). 

WILLIAM  MAC  ARTHUR. 
Dublin. 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  ii,  .MIL]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


399 


ASPINSHAW,  LEATHER  LANE,  HOLBOBN 
(11  S.  iv.  290). — John  Aspinshaw  was 
established  in  business  as  a  printers'  smith, 
&c.,  at  61,  Leather  Lane,  in  1791  ('  Uni- 
versal British  Directory  of  Trade  and  Com- 
merce,' 1791).  DANIEL  HIPWELL. 

MACCLELLAND  FAMILY  (11  S.  iv.  69,  195). 
— MacLellan  in  Scotland  is  MacClelland  in 
Ulster.  Cleland  is  a  variant. 

WILLIAM  MACABTHUB. 

Dublin. 

AXIOBD  FAMILY  (11  S.  iv.  289).— In 
c  Kelly's  Post  Office  London  Directory ' 
(1851)  appears  Mrs.  Mary  Axford,  milliner, 
4,  Maddox  Street.  T.  SHEPHEBD. 


on 


Masters  of  English  Journalism  :  a  Study  of 
Personal  Forces,  by  T.  H.  S.  Escott  (Fisher  Unwin), 
has  the  merit  of  being  at  once  lively  in  style,  and 
close  packed  with  information.  Mr.  Escott  is 
an  old  hand  in  journalism,  and  with  his  abundant 
store  of  knowledge  he  might  have  made  his  book 
at  least  twice  as  big.  As  it  is,  the  narrative  suffers 
occasionally  from  too  many  facts,  and  we  are 
shifted  so  quickly  from  one  man  to  another  that 
we  are  apt  to  lose  the  connexion.  There  are 
also  some  repetitions  which  might  have  been 
avoided,  and  are  readily  ascertainable  by  con- 
sulting the  Index. 

Still,  the  whole  narrative  is  distinctly  animated, 
and  every  page  is  thoroughly  readable.  In  his 
introductory  chapter  the  author  goes  as  far  back 
as  ancient  Greece,  using  a  paper  by  Jebb  which, 
it  might  have  been  noted,  has  been  printed  in  that 
fine  scholar's  '  Essays  and  Addresses  '  since  1907. 
Further  chapters  consider  the  beginnings  of 
English  journalism  ;  Defoe  to  Addison  ;  Swift 
to  Philip  Francis  (here  regarded  as  the  author  of 
the  Junius  letters)  ;  Cobbett  ;  the  two  Hunts, 
Perry,  and  Stuart  ;  and  the  Walters  of  The 
Times,  with  other  successful  caterers  for  the  public 
taste  whose  career  and  personality  are  known  to 
many.  We  find  even  verdicts  about  the  work 
of  living  giants  of  press  enterprise.  Though  it 
is  pleasant  to  read  so  optimistic  a  view  as  Mr. 
Escott's  on  some  men  and  enterprises  of  the 
present  day,  we  feel  that  the  awkwardness  of 
calling  attention  to  their  defects  and  failures 
must  influence  any  writer,  and  perhaps  it  would 
have  been  better  to  deal  only  with  those  whose 
work  is  done,  and  concerning  whom  more  free- 
dom of  speech  is  permitted.  We  agree  with 
many  of  Mr.  Escott's  acute  and  well-phrased 
judgments,  but,  when  he  comes  to  the  present  day, 
we  cannot  accept  all  his  dicta.  He  does  not 
detect  "any  really  downhill  movement"  in  the 
quality  and  position  of  journals  and  journalists. 
Comment  on  this  verdict  may  differ  according  to 
the  point  of  view.  To  the  present  writer  the 
standard  of  style  and  decency  to-day  seems  lower 
than  it  was,  and  there  is  a  lack  at  once  of  in- 
dependence and  of  honest  opinion  untouched  by 
popular  clamour  which  is  duly  recognized  here 


(pp.  336  and  337).  Like  America,  we  are  "  news- 
paper ridden  rather  than  newspaper  ruled  " 
(p.  343),  and  there  are  increasing  signs  of  dis- 
satisfaction at  a  press  which  does  not  even  repre- 
sent public  opinion,  but  lends  itself  to  extra- 
vagance alike  of  censure  and  eulogy.  If  there  is 
a  cultured  University  element  formerly  unknown, 
there  is  also  a  new  host  of  amateurs  who  have  no% 
real  talent  for  the  business  and  no  education  worth; 
considering. 

Mr.  Escott  goes  so  far  as  to  say  that  the  modern 
journalist  is  fortunate  because  his  work  "  prevents- 
his  being  entirely  at  the  mercy  of  the  publisher, 
who,  in  this  age  of  literary  over-production,  finds 
himself,  really  through  no  fault  of  his  own, 
obliged  to  sweat  his  writers  rather  than  pay  them.' r 
That  sentence  contains  a  great  deal  that  call* 
for  thought,  and  at  least  one  assumption  which 
we  cannot  concede. 

We  notice  the  name  of  our  late  Editor  as  & 
contributor  to  The  Reader,  and  several  other  vivid 
figures  who  belonged  to  the  less  conventional  side- 
of  London  life,  such  as  the  short-lived,  but  charm- 
ing W.  J.  Prowse,  the  intransigeant  Robert 
Brough,andthe  wildly  brilliant  Grenville  Murray- 
David  Christie  Murray  is  not  mentioned,  though 
he  was  at  one  time  the  editor  of  The  Morning, 
an  early  example  of  the  halfpenny  newspaper 
which  foundered,  we  think,  on  the  rock  of  non- 
union labour. 

Woodstock.     Edited  by  A.  S.  Gaye.     (Cambridge- 
University  Press.) 

THE  editor  tells  us  in  his  Introduction  that 
'  Woodstock  '  was  written  to  please,  not  to- 
educate.  The  fear  in  this  carefully  prepared' 
edition  is  not  that  the  young  reader  will  fail  to  be 
educated  as  well  as  pleased,  but  rather  that  he- 
will  take  alarm  at  the  liberality  of  the  notes  before 
him  and  think  he  is  going  to  be  educated  only. 
The  Introduction  gives  a  slight  but  adequate 
sketch  of  the  circumstances  in  which  the  noveP 
was  written,  with  some  general  remarks  and 
criticisms.  A  glossary  will  hardly  need  to  be1 
referred  to  for  such  words  as  "  peak  "  and  others, 
generally  obvious  when  taken  in  their  context. 
The  work,  however,  is  well  done,  and  deserves 
appreciation. 

The  National  Review  now  considers  "  A.  M.  G.'r 
as  well  as  "  B.  M.  G.,"  though  the  most  space  is- 
devoted  to  a  consideration  of  the  manoeuvres  of 
the  Fourth  Party  as  a  lesson  for  the  present  day. 
Sir  A.  Griffith- B os ca wen  has  a  striking  article 
on  '  The  Crying  Need  of  Housing  Reform.' 
Wit  and  good  sense  alike  distinguish  Mr.  Charles 
Brookfield's  remarks  '  On  Plays  and  Play- writing.' 
He  points  out  that  managers  are  not  such  good 
judges  of  plays  as  they  were,  and  do  not  get  the 
right  people  to  modify  their  deficiency  in  that 
respect.  Mr.  H.  C.  Biron  has  a  lively  article  on 
'  Dr.  Johnson  and  Dr.  Dodd,'  and  the  efforts 
made  to  save  the  fashionable  preacher  from  his 
deserved  punishment  as  a  forger.  Mr.  W. 
Roberts's  '  Old  Masters  at  the  Grafton  Galleries  ' 
adds  to  the  detailed  study  and  research  concerning 
pictures  which  is  a  feature  of  to-day,  and  a 
salutary  check  on  the  assumptions  and  attribu- 
tions of  connoisseurship.  We  are  pleased  to  see 
a  sympathetic  account  of  *  Mr.  R.  L.  Borden  r 
by  Mr.  Maxwell  H.  H.  Macartney,  for  we  believe 
he  deserves  all  that  is  said  of  him,  and  will  do» 
much  to  reduce  corruption  in  Canada* 


400 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [iis.iv. -NOV.  11,1911. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — NOVEMBER. 

MESSRS.  BROWNE  &  BROWNE'S  Newcastle 
Catalogue  101  contains  some  interesting  items, 
especially  early  American ;  Beaumont  and 
Fletcher,  1647,  a  fine  copy,  251.  ;  The  London  and 
English  Catalogues  of  Books,  1814-1907,  24  vols., 
8Z.  •  a  fine  set  of  Dibdin's  Bibliographical  Works, 
16Z. ;  Surtees's  '  History  of  Durham,'  large  paper, 
30Z.  ;  and  George  Fox's  '  Battle-Door  for  Teachers,' 
1660,  15Z.  There  are  also  books  of  French  eigh- 
teenth-century engravings,  Works  on  the  Drama, 
&c. 

Mr.  Henry  Davey's  Catalogue  30  is  a  general 
list  We  may  mention  Manwood's  '  Lawes  of 
the  Forest,'  black-letter,  1615,  21.  12s.  Qd.  ;  '  Le 
Livre  Rouge,'  containing  a  list  of  secret  pensions 
at  the  time  of  the  French  Revolution,  2  vols.  in  1, 
1790,  31.  15s.  ;  the  first  edition  of  Darwin's 
*  Origin  of  Species,'  1859,  11.  5s.  ;  and  the  Library 
Edition  of  Richardson's  Novels,  19  vols.,  1902, 
3Z.  15s. 

Among  the  principal  items  in  Mr.  William 
Downing's  Birmingham  Catalogue  507  are  the 
Villon  Society's  '  Arabian  Nights '  ;  Occult 
Philosophy,  including  Albertus  Magnus,  Salmon, 
and  '  The  Anatomie  of  Mortalitie,'  1632  ;  three 
heraldic  MSS.,  including  one  of  great  beauty  and 
interest  (on  vellum)  with  10  plates  of  arms,  4to, 
full  morocco,  60Z.  ;  and  '  Moths  and  Butterflies 
of  the  U.S.A.,'  With  illustrations  composed  of  the 
.actual  wings  of  the  insects  described,  2  vols. 

Mr.  William  Glaisher's  November  Catalogue  of 
Remainders  includes  Cundall's  '  History  of 
British  Water-Colour  Painting,'  with  58  coloured 
plates,  7s.  Qd.  ;  Gasquet's  '  Greater  Abbeys  of 
England,'  with  60  coloured  plates,  7s.  Qd.  ;  'Auto- 
biography and  Memoirs  of  the  Eighth  Duke  of 
Argyll,'  2  vols.,  7s.  Qd.  ;  and  other  Works  at  low 
prices. 

Mr.  E.  Joseph's  Catalogue  14  contains  the 
library  of  Dr.  John  Campbell  Oman,  including 
many  interesting  and  scarce  books  relating  to 
the  various  religions  of  the  world  and  to  philo- 
sophy, besides  works  on  India  and  the  East. 
The  second  part  of  the  Catalogue  comprises  all 
classes  of  literature,  including  many  items  on 
London,  Spiritualism,  Philology,  Shakespeare 
and  the  Drama,  and  Sport  and  Travel.  We  may 
mention  Papworth's  '  Select  Views  of  London,' 
with  76  coloured  plates,  tall  copy,  1816,  20Z.  ; 
Johnson's  '  Poets,'  edited  by  Chalmers,  21  vols., 
1810,  6Z.  6s.  ;  '  Hansard's  Parliamentary  Debates,' 
1901-8,  111  vols.,  and  House  of  Commons' 
Debates,  1909,  13  vols.,  221.  10s.  ;  '  Peregrine 
Pickle,'  first  edition,  4  vols.,  1751,  Ql.  6s.  ;  and 
the  Villon  Society's  translation  of  the  '  Thousand 
and  One  Nights,'  &c.,  13  vols.,  1882-9,  12Z.  12s. 

Messrs.  Sotheran's  Price  Current  720  is  devoted 
to  Meteorology,  Terrestrial  Magnetism,  and 
Airmanship.  Included  are  the  rare  three  original 
editions  of  Dr.  William  Gilbert's  celebrated 
'  De  Magnete '  (1600,  1628,  1633)  ;  a  copy  of 
Norman's  '  New  Attractive  '  of  1585,  which  con- 
tains the  discovery  of  the  inclination  of  the 
magnetic  needle  ;  Lana's  '  Prodromo  '  (1670), 
the  earliest  work  formulating  a  theory  of  aero- 
statics, and  making  the  first  suggestion  of  a 
balloon  ;  and  many  other  rare  and  interesting 
.books. 


Mr.  James  Thin  of  Edinburgh  devotes  his 
Catalogue  169  to  Natural  History.  The  Pro- 
ceedings of  the  Berwickshire  Naturalists'  Field 
Club,  1831-1905,  19  vols.,  is  IQL  10s.  ;  Harvie- 
Brown  and  Buckley's  '  Vertebrate  Fauna  of  Scot- 
land,' complete  set,  11  vols.,  16Z.  16s.  ;  J.  G. 
Millais's  '  Mammals  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland, 
with  many  illustrations,  3  vols.,  13Z.  ;  Nature 
1869-1909,  81  vols.,  10Z.  10s.  ;  and  The  Zoologist 
1843-1910,  68  vols.,  12Z.  10s.  Under  Ornithology 
are  The  Auk,  Vols.  I.-XXVIL,  18Z.  10s.  ;  Dresser's 
'  Birds  of  Europe,'  with  over  700  illustrations, 
9  vols.,  60Z.  ;  The  Ibis,  1859-1910,  56  vols., 
95Z.  ;  Lord  Lilford's  '  Birds  of  the  British  Islands,' 
With  421  coloured  plates,  7  vols.,  55Z.  ;  and  Selby's 
'  Illustrations  of  British  Ornithology,'  with 
383  coloured  figures,  4  vols.,  22Z.  10s. 

Messrs.  Young  &  Sons  of  Liverpool  include 
in  their  Catalogue  CCCCXXVI.  Higden's  '  Poly- 
cronicon,'  1527  ;  an  extensively  extra-illustrated 
copy  of  Lysons's  '  London  '  ;  many  examples  of 
modern  artistic  binding  ;  a  large  volume  of  Chinese 
drawings  ;  a  collection  of  original  editions  of 
Lever's  Works  ;  books  printed  at  the  Kelmscott 
Press  ;  an  uncut  copy  of  Egan's  '  Boxiana  '  ; 
and  many  sporting  books.  There  are  also  several 
old  coloured  prints  ;  an  original  water-colour 
drawing  by  Kate  Greenaway  ;  the  first  English 
edition  of  King  James  I.'s  '  Basilicon  Doron,' 
1603  ;  an  uncut  set  of  the  first  edition  of  Hone's 
Every-Day  and  Table  Books  ;  extra-illustrated 
copies  of  Voltaire's  '  La  Pucelle,'  1789,  Madame 
Junot's  Memoirs,  and  Byron's  Poetical  Works, 
besides  books  about  Coaching,  Charles  I.,  the 
Drama,  France,JIreland,  Italy,  Quakers,  Volcanoes, 
and  Yorkshire,  and  interesting  examples  of  early 
printing. 

HERR  LEO  LIEPMANNSSOHN  will  conduct  at 
Berlin  on  the  17th  and  18th  inst.  a  sale  of  inter- 
esting autographs  of  eminent  musicians.  The 
Catalogue  just  published  contains  valuable  manu- 
scripts of  Bach,  Beethoven,  Chopin,  Haydn, 
Mendelssohn,  Mozart,  and  Weber  from  the  family 
of  the  famous  pianist  and  composer  Ignaz 
Moscheles  (the  intimate  friend  of  Mendelssohn), 
who  for  many  years  resided  in  London.  There 
are  also  autograph  manuscripts  and  letters  of 
Berlioz,  Brahms,  Liszt,  Thomas  Moore,  Mozart, 
Schubert,  and  Schumann,  and  a  magnificent 
collection  of  Wagner  autographs  from  the  heirs 
of  the  late  Alfred  Bovet  of  Paris,  the  distinguished 
autograph  collector.  The  Catalogue  will  be  sent 
free  on  application  to  14,  Bernburgerstrasse, 
Berlin. 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
ind  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancerv 
Lane,  E.G. 

RAVEN  ("Derivation  of  'Saunter'").— See   the 
note  by  PROF.  SKEAT  at  10  S.  ii.  224. 
T.  JONES  ("  Holed  Stones  ").— Proof  received. 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  is,  mi.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


401 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  NOVEMBER  18,  1911. 


CONTENTS.— No.  99. 

NOTES :— Bevis  Buhner,  401— Unknown  Picture  of  Ponte 
fract  Castle— Burial  Inscriptions  at  St.  John's,  West 
minster,  403 — James  Caldwall,  Artist — King's  Theatre 
(Opera-House),  Hay  market— Crystal  Palace  Tickets,  405 
— Long's  Hotel,  Bond  Street — Dud  Dudley — Fire-papers 
406. 

QUERIES  :— William  Hone  -Rev.  Henry  Grey— Turners  of 
Sussex— Sir  Walter  Ralegh's  House  at  Youghal— Japanese 
.Gods —  Nicolay  Family — 'The  Intelligencer,' 407 — Major 
H.  Bowyer  Lane— " Resurrection  Men" — 'Old  Morgan  at 
Panama' — Capt.  Edwardes=Forster —  Manzoni's  'Pro- 
messi  Sposi ' — "  Rydyng  aboute  of  victory  " — Authors  oJ 
Quotations— Hoi  worthy  Portrait— T.  Raynsford  of  Little 
Compton — '  Cockles  and  Mussels ' — Dr.  Johnson  and  '  The 
Pilgrim's  Progress,'  408— Dry  Weather  in  Nineteenth 
Century — Surrey  Institute— Burgh-on-Sands — '  Diary  of  a 
Blase '— '  Slang  Terms  and  the  Gipsy  Tongue,'  409— 
King's  Bench  Prison,  Southwark— J.  Addenbrooke— F.  T. 
Egerton— H.  F.  Jadis— "Fent,"  Trade  Term— Ambrose 
Gwinett  and  '  The  London  Gazette,'  410. 

REPLIES  :— "  Peter  Pindar,"  410  — '  Comus '  at  Covent 
Garden,  411— Baron  de  Waller— Jane  Austen's  'Per- 
suasion'—Pronunciation  of  "Cb,"  412 -C.  Elstob— P. 
Courayer  on  Anglican  Orders— Wood  Engraving  and 
Process  Block— Military  Executions— Filey  Bay  Custom, 
413— Nelson  :  "  Musle  "—Sir  Francis  Drake— Mary  Jones's 
Execution— Authors  Wanted— Grosvenor  Square,  414— 
"Old  Clem,"  415— Col.  Gordon  in  'Barnaby  Rudge'— 
Burial  Inscriptions— Jessie  Brown  and  the  Relief  of 
Lucknow,  416 — Norris  Surname — Hardwicke's  Shropshire 
Pedigrees— Bagstor  Surname,  417— History  of  England 
with  Riming  Verses— Thackeray  :  \Vray,  418— Pope  on 
Swift  —  Fielding  and  the  Civil  Power  —  Pirates  on 
Stealing— Wymondley  Tradition,  419. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :—' Recollections   of   a   Long   Life'; 

'  Weever's  Epigrammes '— '  Greenes  Newes.' 
.'Notices  to  Correspondents. 


BEVIS    BULMER. 

Did  I  not  tell  you  I  was  bred  in  the  mines 
Under  Sir  Bevis  Bullion  ? 

Ben  Jonson,  '  The  Staple  of  News.' 


BULMER  was  the  first  Englishman  to 
obtain  any  reputation  as  a  mining  engineer. 
His  name  does  not  occur  in  the  '  D.N.B.,'  but 
it  figures  somewhat  prominently,  in  con- 
nexion with  mining  and  other  industrial 
projects,  in  our  records  between  the  years 
1586  and  1610. 

The  Lansdowne  MSS.  contain  a  letter, 
No.  26(11),  from  Gawin  Smith  to  Lord 
Burghley,  written  apparently  from  the 
North  of  England,  in  which  it  is  stated  that 
Bulmer  had  been  engaged  by  Foulis,  a 
goldsmith  of  Edinburgh,  to  work  a  mine  in 
Scotland.  This  is  the  earliest  mention  of 
tfiis  name  which  has  been  discovered  so  far. 
The  document,  which  is  undated,  has  been 
assigned  to  the  year  1578,  but,  since  there 
is  reason  for  .thinking  that  Foulis  had  not 


embarked  upon  mining  work  much  before 
1592,  this  date  is  probably  some  years  too 
early. 

In  1584  Buhner  figures  with  Sir  Julius 
Caesar  in  a  grant  of  a  patent  for  lighthouses 
(Add.  MS.  12497).  In  1586  he  was  engaged 
in  lead-mining  in  the  Mendip  Hills  (Acts  of 
the  Privy  Council).  Twenty  years  later 
he  was  still  working  mines  in  that  district 
(State  Papers,  .Dom.).  About  1587  he 
commenced  mining  and  smelting  silver  lead 
at  Combmartin,  Devonshire.  He  presented 
a  cup  made  from  silver  produced  here  to 
the  Earl  of  Bath  (Westcote's  '  Devon '  : 
Fuller's  'Worthies') 

In  1588  Bulmer  obtained  a  patent  for  an 
invention  of  a  machine  for  slitting  iron 
bars;  this  was  renewed  in  1605,  sub- 
sequently transferred  to  Clement  Daw- 
beney,  called  in  in  1612,  and  regranted  to 
Dawbeney  in  1618  for  twenty- one  years. 
There  is  no  evidence  that  Bulmer  himself 
worked  the  patent,  but  it  is  clear  that  it 
was  of  considerable  value. 

In  1593  Bulmer  obtained  from  the  Corpora- 
tion of  London  a  lease  permitting  him  to 
erect  on  Broken  Wharf  a  machine  for  pump- 
ing up  Thames  water  for  a  public  supply. 
The  machine  consisted  of  a  chain  pump 
worked  by  horses ;  it  was  completed  in  1594-5. 
The  tower  is  shown  in  Hollar's  '  View  of 
London,'  1647  (Stow's  '  Survey,'  1603  ; 
Strype's  '  Stow,'  1720 ;  Stow's  '  Annals,' 
Howe's  ed.,  1615  ;  Sharpe,  '  London  and  the 
Kingdom ').  As  a  record  of  this  under- 
taking Bulmer  presented  the  Lord  Mayor 
with  a  cup  made  of  Combmartin  silver, 
bearing  an  inscription,  which,  together 
with  that  on  the  cup  referred  to  above,  was 
given  in  '  N.  &  Q.,'  7  S.  vii.  101.  The  Lord 
Mayor's  cup  has  been  melted  down  and 
made  into  three  separate  cups,  which  are 
still  at  the  Mansion  House,  with  inscriptions 
:o  the  effect  that  they  are  the  gift  of  Bevis 
Bulmer.  The  fate  of  the  other  cup  is  not 
known.  Coming  on  to  1597,  we  have  clear 
evidence  that  Bulmer  was  in  partnership 
with  Foulis  in  lead  mines  in  Lanarkshire 
Reg.  Privy  Council  of  Scotland).  The 
ETatfield  MSS.  contain  letters  from  him  in 
reference  to  the  farm  of  wines  and  of  tin 
coinage  in  1599-1600. 

In   1599  he  was  granted  the  farm  of  a 
:ax  on  sea  coal. 

Upon  the  accession  of  James  I.  the 
!alendars  of  State  Papers  show  that  Bulmer 
received  several  grants  in  reference  to  gold 
and  silver  mining  in  Scotland.  In  1603 
several  rivers  were  assigned  to  him  to  search 
or  gold  and  silver,  and  in  1606  he  received 


402 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES,        tii s.  iv.  NOV.  is, ion. 


a  lease  of  all  the  gold  and  silver  mines  in 
Scotland.  In  1604  he  was  given  a  free  gift 
of  100?.,  as  well  as  200Z.  to  be  employed  about 
the  gold  mines  in  Scotland.  Other  free 
gifts  of  1001.  and  6001.  were  paid  to  him  in 
1607  and  1608  respectively.  In  1607  there 
is  a  discharge  of  Sir  Bevis  Buhner  and 
others  of  the  duty  on  sea  coal  and  of  rents 
on  any  demise  made  by  the  late  queen,  and 
in  1608  a  release  of  all  arrears  in  which  he 
stands  indebted  for  imposts  on  sea  coals  and 
a  discharge  for  2,419Z.  lQs.'10d.  granted  him 
to  be  employed  about  the  mines  in  Scotland. 

In  the  same  year,  1608,  he  was  appointed 
master  and  surveyor  of  the  earthworks  of  the 
lately  discovered  silver  mines  at  Hilderston, 
which  position  he  held  until  1610  (Reg. 
Privy  Council  of  Scotland  ;  Cochran- 
Patrick,  '  Early  Records ....  Mining  in  Scot- 
land '  ;  Irving,  '  Upper  Ward  of'  Lanark- 
shire'). 

It  will  be  noted  that  Bulmer  is  referred 
to  above  as  Sir  Bevis  ;  it  would  appear  that 
it  was  in  1604  that  he  was  knighted,  but 
his  name  is  not  given  in  Philipot's  '  Collection 
of  all  the  Knights  Bachelors,'  &c.  In  the 
Hatfield  MSS.  (Hist.  MSS.  Commission)  is 
a  letter  dated  1597,  from  Sir  John  Palking- 
ton,  which  is  stated  to  be  endorsed  by, 
among  others,  Sir  Bevis  Bulmer.  Possibly 
there  has  been  an  error  in  transcribing  the 
Christian  name,  but  in  any  case  it  is  quite 
clear  that  the  subject  of  this  note  was  not 
a  knight  at  that  period. 

Of  Bulmer' s  life  and  character,  the  only 
intimate  account  which  we  have  is  to  be 
found  in  Stephen  Atkinson's  '  The  Dis- 
coverie  and  Historic  of  the  Gold  Mynes  in 
Scotland.'  This  appears  to  have  been 
written  in  the  year  ]  619  ;  it  was  printed  by 
the  Bannatyne  Club  in  1825  under  the 
editorship  of  Gilbert  Laing  Meason,  from 
a  MS.  in  the  Advocates'  Library,  Edinburgh. 
There  is  a  copy  in  the  British  Museum 
(Harl.  MS.  4621)  which  appears  to  be  in 
substantial  agreement  with  the  printed  book. 
Atkinson  was  a  Londoner,  and  had  served 
an  apprenticeship  as  a  refiner  of  gold  and 
silver,  and  probably  it  was  as  a  refiner  of 
silver  at  Combmartin  that  he  was  first 
employed  by  Bulwer.  His  "  first  teaching 
and  erudition  (in  mining)  came  from  Mr. 
B.  B.  an  ingenious  gent."  According  to 
this  author,  Bulmer  was  engaged  in  seeking 
for  gold  in  Scotland,  at  places  which  he 
names,  during  the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  and 
"  he  builded  a  very  fayre  countrey  house  to  dwell 
in  ;  he  furnished  it  fitting  for  himselfe  and  his 
family  ;  he  kept  therein  great  hospitallity  ; .  .  .  . 
but  it  is  said  that  his  hospitallity  and  [want  of] 


frugality  were  the  theeves  that  burst  in,  and  so 
robbed  his  house,  and  cutt  his  purse  bottom 
cleane  aWay,  and  thus  he  consumed  him  selfe  and 
wasted  what  he  did  gett  in  gold  which  was  much, 
....  And  he  had  alwayes  many  irons  in  the  fier, 
besides  those  which  he  presently  himselfe  looked 
on  ;  and  often  times  intricate  matters  in  hand 
to  decyde  ;  and  too  many  prodigall  wasters, 
hanging  on  every  shoulder  of  him.  And  he 
wasted  much  himselfe,  and  gave  liberally  to 
many,  for  to  be  honoured,  praised,  and  magnified, 
else  he  might  have  bin  a  rich  subject ;  for  the 
least  of  these  frugalities  [sic]  were  able  to  robb  an 
abbott.  By  such  synister  meanes  he  was  im- 
poverished, and  followed  other  idle  veniall  vices 
to  his  dying  day,  that  were  not  allowable  of  God 
nor  man  :  and  so  once  down  aye  down,  and  at  last 
he  died  at  Awstin-moore  in  my  debt  300Z.  starling, 
to  my  great  hinderance,  and  left  me  in  Ireland 
much  in  debt  for  him  &c.  God  forgive  us  all  our 
Sinnes  !  But  if  he  had  lived  to  this  day,  un- 
doubtedly he  might  have  paid  all  men." 

Atkinson    informs    us    that    Bulmer    pre- 
sented to  Queen  Elizabeth  a  porringer  made 
from   gold   found   in   Scotland,  upon  which 
were  inscribed  the  following  lines  : — • 
I  dare  not  give,  nor  yet  present, 
But  render  parte  of  that's  thy  owiie 
My  minde  and  hart,  shall  still  invent 
To  seeke  out  treasure,  yet  unknowne. 

"  And  within  a  short  space  following  Mr. 
Bulmer  was  made  one  of  hir  Majesties  sworne 
servants  :  and  this  was  his  first  stepp  at  court, 
and  from  thence  he  learned  to  begg,  as  other 
courtiers  do.  He  had  witt  at  will,  and  frequented 
the  best  company  still  ;  thereby  his  old  freinds 
multiplied  and  sought  after  him  to  remember 
them,  and  then  much  creditt  was  given  unto  him 
on  every  side." 

This  presentation,  according  to  Atkin- 
son, took  place  shortly  before  the  grant  of 
the  imposition  on  sea  coal  (1599).  For  this 
he  was  to  pay  the  Queen  6,200?.  per  annum, 
and  Atkinson  alleges  that  he  made  1,OOOZ. 
a  year  clear  for  himself.  An  account  of  the 
first  half  year  of  the  farm,  in  the  Lansdowne 
MSS.,  however,  shows  a  deficit,  and  it  seems 
likely  that  Bulmer  at  no  time  made  the 
farm  pay. 

Bulmer  then  (again  following  Atkinson) 
wrote  "  a  book  of  all  his  acts,  workes  and 
devises,"  which  he  named  '  Bulmer 's  Skill/ 
According  to  this  book,  James  I.  in  the  first 
year  of  his  reign  in  England  devised  a  scheme 
for  procuring  capital  to  work  the  gold  mines 
in  Scotland.  Bulmer  was  to  get  together 
twenty-four  gentlemen  of  means,  each  to 
advance  3001. ,  for  which  disbursement 
each  man  was  to  have  the  honour  of  knight- 
hood bestowed  upon  him,  "  and  so  for  ever 
to  be  called  the  Knight  of  the  Golden 
Mynes,  or  the  Golden  Knight."  Bulmer 
was  to  be  governor  of  the  undertaking,  and 
he  appears  to  have  thought  that  the  scheme, 
being  that  of  the  King  himself,  was  quite 


n  s.  iv.  NOV.  is,  1911.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


403 


a  settled  thing,  and  was  much  elated. 
Robert  Cecil,  however,  seems  to  have  inter- 
vened, and  the  scheme  fell  to  the  ground. 
The  King  had  the  idea  that  the  best  way 
to  get  at  the  gold  was  to  level  all  the  moun- 
tains, "  hills  and  mountaines  be  turned 
into  dayles  and  vallies."  Bulmer  agreed 
that  this  was  a  sure  way,  but  "  chargeable." 
Nothing  is  known  of  the  fate  of  Bulmer's 
book,  but  from  Atkinson's  account  it  must 
have  been  a  mine  of  information.  Nor  is 
anything  known  of  Bulmer's  birth  and 
parentage.  He  died,  as  Atkinson  relates, 
at  Awstin-moor,  i.e.,  Alston  Moor,  Cumber- 
land, and  according  to  Surtees  ('  History  of 
Durham ')  in  1615.  Surtees  refers  to  an 
inventory  of  his  possessions,  and  states  that 
administration  was  granted  to  his  son  John. 
A  recent  search  at  the  Probate  Registry 
in  Durham  failed  to  bring  this  inventory  to 
light.  RHYS  JENKINS. 


PONTEFRACT  CASTLE  :  AN  UNKNOWN 
PICTURE  AT  HAMPTON  COURT. 

IN  the  Official  Catalogue  of  the  pictures 
at  Hampton  Court  Palace,  turning  to  the 
list  of  those  hung  in  the  "  Outer  Lobby  of 
Cardinal  Wolsey's  Closet,"  we  find  an  oil 
painting  numbered  916,  and  styled  simply 

"  A  Castle J  de  Momper." 

The  first  time — now  several  years  ago — 
I  noticed  this  work,  the  resemblance  to 
Pontefract  Castle  as  it  was  before  it  was 
razed  to  the  ground  by  order  of  Parlia- 
ment in  1649  struck  me  as  most  remark- 
able. Although  it  is  supposed  to  be  a  view 
of  a  castle  in  France  or  Germany  by  that 
Dutch  artist,  when  I  saw  the  painting 
again  on  26  September  last,  and  examined 
it  more  carefully,  I  found  I  was  not  mis- 
taken after  all,  for  it  is  Pontefract  Castle 
beyond  a  doubt.  This  picture  is  a  most 
valuable  and  interesting  one  because  by  a 
skilled  artist,  who  truthfully  delineated 
just  what  he  saw  and  nothing  more.  This 
cannot  be  said  of  the  enlarged  fantastic 
and  embellished  bird's-eye  view  engraved 
for  the  '  Vetusta  Monumenta,'  printed  by 
the  Society  of  Antiquaries  in  1736,  nor  of  a 
slightly  altered  copy  made  at  the  expense  of 
Lord  Rockingham.  There  are,  however, 
several  copies  existing  of  a  '  Plan  of  Ponte- 
fract,' showing  the  lines  and  forts  made  by 
the  besiegers  round  the  Castle,  of  which 
a  bird's-eye  view  is  given,  much  superior 
to  the  engravings  mentioned  as  a  reliable 
representation  of  this  grand  old  fortress. 
The  original,  it  is  said,  was  made  to  be  sent 
to  General  Fairfax. 


The  Hampton  Court  picture  is,  however,, 
much  more  trustworthy  than  any  of  these  ; 
it  is  not  a  bird's  -  eye  view,  but  shows 
the  Castle  in  true  perspective  from  the 
artist's  position  on  Bag  Hill  to  the  south. 
All  the  other  views  are  from  the  same  side. 
There  are  reduced  copies  of  these  in  the  late 
Mr.  Richard  Holmes' s  book,  '  The  Sieges 
of  Pontefract  Castle,'  8vo,  1887.  The  grand 
appearance  of  this  historic  English  castle 
is  well  preserved  in  this  fine  old  painting, 
but  utterly  destroyed  and  dwarfed  in  the 
other  views  by  the  details  put  in  being  all 
out  of  scale  with  the  building.  This  fault- 
is  common  to  all  mediaeval  attempts  to 
delineate  either  a  church  or  a  castle. 

The  artist,  Josse  de  Momper,  was  a  Dutch, 
landscape  painter  and  engraver  of  some 
fame,  but  this  picture  is,  I  suspect,  the  only 
evidence  of  his  ever  having  been  in  England. 
We  learn  from  Bryan's  '  Dictionary  of 
Painters  and  Engravers '  (new  edition) 
that  he  was  "born  at  Antwerp  in  1564, 
inscribed  in  the  guild  as  early  as  1581,  and 
died  in  1634."  Seven  of  his  pictures  are 
at  Dresden,  and  no  fewer  than  twelve  at 
Madrid. 

So  this  picture  must  have  been  painted 
at  least  fifteen  years  previous  to  the  demoli- 
tion of  the  Castle,  and  ten  before  the  first 
siege.  A.  S.  ELLIS. 

Westminster. 


INSCRIPTIONS    IN    BURIAL-GROUND 

OF   ST.   JOHN'S,   WESTMINSTER. 

(See  ante,  p.  302.) 

1  CONTINUE  my  list  of  the  •  inscriptions  on 
the  east  side  of  this  burial-ground  : — 

90.  Judith    Brooks,    d.    Sept.,    1814,    a.    (7)6, 

Also    Elizabeth    Brooks Mr.    Robert    Brooks, 

d.  June  6,  1830,  a.  63. 

91.  Frances,  w.  of  William  Harris,  of  this  p., 
d.  Oct.   14,   181(7),  in  her  59th  year.      Also  the 
above  William  Harris,  d.  May  8,. .  .  .a.  66. 

92.  Mary,  w.   of  William   Newton,   of  this  p., 
d.   13  Aug.,   1824,  in  her  37th  year.     Also  chn. 
of  the  above  :  Mary,  d.   13  May,   1813,  a.  2  yrs. 
8  mths.     William,  d.  21  March,   1816,  a.  4  yrs. 

2  mths.     Charles,   d.  2   Jan.,   1824,  a.   18  mths. 
Joseph,  d.  19  March,  1826,  a.  6  yrs.  7  mths. 

93.  [Blank) 

94 Vincent,  \v.  of  ...  .ent,  of  Millbank. . . . 

a.  39.  (Also) ...  .a  and  Eliz. . . .,  ...  .n  of  the 
above ....  Elizabeth  ....  in  the  .... 

95.  Mr.    James    Goombes    April   14,    1801, 

...  .-9  yrs.    .  .nces  Coombes,    ....   of  the  above 

"9"  6.  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Newall,  w.  of  Mr.  John 
Newall,  of  St.  Margaret's  p.,  d.  25  Feb.,  1816, 
a.  52.  Mr.  John  Newall,  (died)  Aug.,  1828. 

Also  G . .  . .   who  d a.  2  yrs.     Also  Mr.  J. 

N(ewall),  d.  August  ....  a.  70. 


404 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [n  s.  iv.  NO  v.  is,  1911. 


97.  Mrs.  Mary  Kaye,  w.  of  Mr.  John  Kaye,  o 
St.  Margaret's  p.,  one  of  His  Majesty's  Messengers 
d.  Aug.   18,  1815,  a.  45.     Miss  Emily  Kaye,  d 

13    Jan.,     1820,    a.     14.     Also Also    Joh 

Kaye,  (died)  Aug.  -,  1825. 

98.  Hannah,  w.  of  Mr.  George  White,  of  Tufto 
Street,  d.  23  Nov.,  1847,  in  her  72nd  year.     Als 
3  chn.  of  the  above  who  died  in  their    infancy 
Also  Mr.  George  White,  d.  22  Dec.,  1850,  in  hi 
75th  year. 

99.  William   Evatt,    d.    19   July,    1802,   a.    69 
Susannah,  his  w.,  d.  21  July,  1820,  a.  81.     Eliza 
beth  Evatt,  their  dau.,  2  Dec.,  184-,  a.  80.     Saral 
E....,  July,  184-. 

100.  Julia,  d.  of  William  and  Grace  Nettlefold 
d.  12  July,  1822,  a.  9  weeks.     Fanny,  their  dau. 
d.  25  Jan.,  1826,  a.  15. 

101.  Edward,     s.     of     William     and     Susanna 
Weatherstone,    d.     April    22,    1813,    a.    2    mths 
10  days. 

102 d.    of    d.    9    April Also 

Thomas,  s.  of  the  above,  19  Nov Also  Mary 

dau.    of   the   above,   born    18    Oct.,    ....,    d.    . 
Also  Mary  R 

103.  [Blank,    but   remains    of    a    coat    of    arnu 
exist;  the  crest  is  apparently  the  same  as  in  No.  1. 

104.  Mrs.  Ann  Haley,  of  this  p.,  d.  March  6 
181-,  a.  47 

105 sa  Da.  .  .  . 

106.  A    four-sided,    solid    granite    monument 
'Chr  Cass  I  Master  Mason  |  to  His  |  Maj.  Ordnance 

|  dy'd  April  21,  1734. 

107.  [This    and    the    following    inscription    are 
partly  concealed  behind  No.  106.] 

Hie  jacet....d.  12  Dec.,  1809 a.  (21). 

Bequiescat .... 

108.  E.  J.  F.,  d.  21  Jan.,  1805,  a.  32. 

109.  Anna  Maria,  w.  of  William  Flint,  of  His 
Majesty's  Council,  cl ber,  1811,  a.  . . 

110.  Elizabeth,    w.    of    Mr.    William    Goodwin, 
.of  this  p.,  d.  20  March,  1820,  a.  66.     Mr.  William 

Goodwin,  d.  July,  1824,  a.  66. 

111.  Mrs.  Mary  Bennett,   d.  Feb.  7,  1811,  a.  52. 
Mr.  Joseph  Bennett,  d.  Sept.  28,  1824,  a.  71. 

112.  John  Smith,  d.  8  Jan.,  1807,  a.  55.     Jane 
Wilkins,   niece   of  the   above,    d.   31    Dec.,    1815, 
a.  29.     Elizabeth,  w.  of  the  above,   d.   12   Jan., 
1818,  a.  61. 

113.  Mrs.    Lucy   McClough,    d.   April    1,    1826, 
a.    64.     Mr.   John   McClough,    d.   31   May,    1829, 
a.   36.     Also   John  Anilem   McClough,   s.    of   the 
above,  d.  July  16,  1843,  a.  21. 

114.  Lieut.  William  Curby,  7th  Royal  Veteran 
Battalion,    d.    July    6,    1814,    a.    59.     Elizabeth, 
his  wid.,  d.  Jan.  7,  1830,  a.  82. 

115.  Abraham  Nutthall,  d.  Dec.  3,  1828,  a.  48. 
Charlotte  Ann  Frostick,  d.  26  June,  1831,  a.  1  yr. 
7  mths.     Mrs.  Ann  Frostick,   d.    15   Aug.,   1831, 
a.  27. 

116.  Mr.  John  Burchell,  d.  1  July,  1833,  a.  30. 

117.  Capt.    John    Orton,     Royal    Marines,     d. 
11  Nov.,  1810,  a.  43. 

118.  Thomas    William    Lincoln,    d.    June    11, 
1820,  a.  1  yr.  4  mths.      Amos  Lincoln,  d.  June  17, 
1827,  a.   1  yr.  8  mths.     Amos  Lincoln,  f.  of  the 

.above,  d.  July  22,  1828,  a.  41. 

119.  Mrs.  Ann  Pattison,  d.  Dec.  10,  1851,  a.  81. 

120.  Mr.  William  Gifford,  d.  23  Jan.,  1841,  a.  59. 

121.  Mr.  Samuel  White,  late  of d.  7  Feb. 

Mrs.  Sarah  White,  w.  of  the  above,  d.  22  Oct., 

1817,  a.  32.     Miss  Mary  Ann  Street,  sister  of  the 
^bove,  d.  12  Nov.,  1817,  a.  23. 


122.  Mary  Pendegrass,  d.  Aug.  13,  1823,  a.  42. 

123.  [Blank.] 

124.  Mary   Mi(g)— ,    d.  -22,    a.    18.     Ann  — , 

d.  -10,   a.   7.        Mr.   E Archibald  and  Ann 

Mi(g)— of  this  p.     Also  Archibald  Mi(gn)ie,  late 
of  Millbank  Street,  d.  21  Nov.,  1852,  a.  70. 

125.  Mrs.     Melina    Beecher,     [wi]f[e]     of     Mr. 
Thomas  Beecher,  d.  10  Jan.,  1825,  a.  67.     Also 
Mr.  William  (sic)  Beecher,  husband  of  the  above, 
d.  18  April,  1831,  a.  70. 

126.  [Blank.] 

127.  Mr.  John  Jennings,  late  ci  Gough  Square, 
d.   18  July,     1779,  a.  — .     Also  his  w.  Alice,  d. 
June,  1782,  a.  (2)7. 

Afflictions  sore  long  time  we  bore 
Physicians  were  in  vain, 
Till  God  did  please  by  Death  to  ease 
Our  Sorrow  and  our  Pain. 

128.  Miss    Jane    Kitson,    d.    13    March,    1818, 
a.  6  yrs.  6  mths.     Mr.  George  Kitson,  d.  4  Jan., 
1819,  a.  32.     Mr.  Charles  Payne,  d.  22  May,  1822, 
a.  64. 

129.  Ellen  Sophia  Sambrook,  d.  Oct.  26,  1825, 
a.    2    yrs.    4    mths.     Eliza    Harriett    Sambrook, 
d.  30  Nov.,  183(2),  a.  6  years.     George  Roberts 
Sambrook,  d.  5  Nov.,  183(1),  a.  7  mths. 

130.  Mr.  William  Tooke,  d.  Oct.  9,  1824,  a.  32. 
A    dutiful    son    and    affectionate    brother.     Also 
Mr.  John  Robert  Tooke,  d.  April  30,  1831,  a.  44. 

131.  Charles,    eldest   s.    of    Charles    and   Mary 
Hatfleld,    of   this   p.,    d.    28    July,    1828,    a.    — . 
William  — mpion  Ha[tfield],  d.  July,  1839,  a.  — . 
Mr.   Charles   Hatfield,   f.   of  the  above,   d.   July, 
1848.     Ma[ry]  [Hatfjield 

132.  Mr.  James  Balding,  of  this  p.,  d.  3  Sept., 
18(4)4,  a.  47. 

133.  Mrs.    A(my)    Maxwell,    d.    (1831),    a.    60. 
41so  Mr.  George  Baker,  son-in-law  of  the  above, 
d.    1    Jan.,    1837,    a.    41.     Likewise    Mr.    James 
Vlaxwell,   husb.  of   the  above,  d.  27   April,  1853, 
i.  8-. 

134.  George  Simms,   d.   19  Aug.,   1829,  a.  39. 
aiie  Simms,  dau.  of  the  above,  d.  April  5,  1835, 

n  her  21st  year.      Elizabeth  Lacey,  sister  of  the 
,bove  Geo.  Simms,  d.  Sept.  23,  1837,  a.  — . 

135.  Jane,   w.   of  Thomas  Bell,   of  this  p.,   d. 
1  Dec.,  1827,  a.  64. 

136.  Mr.  William  Boon,  d.  July  16,  1840,  a.  61. 
L  kind  husband,  &c. 

137.  Mr.    Thomas    Powell,    late    of    the    34th 
Regiment,  d.  14  Nov.,  1828,  in  his  49th  year. 

Afflictions  sore  long  time  I  bore 
Physicians  were  in  vain 
Till  God  did  please  Death  should  me  seize, 
And  ease  me  of  my  pain. 

138.  Mary,    w.    of    Mr.    William    Simmons,    of 
his  p.,  d.  9  Feb.,  1833,  a.  59. 

139.  Mr.  Henry  Wilson,  d.  April  20,  1829,  a.  35. 
Mr.  David  J.  Wilson,  bro.  of  the  above,  d.  15  Dec., 
830,  a.  31.     Mr.  Robert  Wilson,  f.  of  the  above, 
.    20    Feb.,  1834,    a.   68.      Mr.    Robert   Wilson, 

of  the  above,  d.  11  Aug.,  1839,  a.  37. 

140.  Mrs.  Esther  New—,  d.  14  Jan.  —  ,  a.  69. 

141.  Mrs.  Jane  Cropp,  d.  Sept.  16,  1827,  a.  66. 
Ir.  Thomas  Cropp,  husb.  of  the  above,  d.  10  May, 
829,  a.  64. 

142.  Caroline  Thickbrpom,  d.  — ,  a.  1(3),  dau. 
f  William  and  R —  Thickbroom,  of  this  parish, 
Iso  Mr.  William  Thickbroom,  f.  of  the  above. 
.  April  29,  — ,  a.  — . 

143.  [Blank.] 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  is,  ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


405 


144.  [Blank.] 

145.  Mrs.  Anne  Riggs,  d.  15  July,  1822,  a.  69. 
•Miss  Anne  Riggs,  dau.  of  the  above,  d.  15  Dec., 

1824,  a.  45.    Mr.  William  Gabriel  Riggs,  d.  10  Jan., 
1830,  a.  80. 

146.  Elizabeth    Robieson,    d.    Dec.    26,    1844, 
a.  52.     George    Robieson,    builder,  husb.  of   the 
above,  d.  March  22,  1848,  a.  57. 

147.  Mrs.  Sarah,  relict  of  Lieut.-Col.  Farquhar, 
d.  — ber  27,  1803,  a.  — . 

148.  Mrs.  Edith  Price,  d.  26  Dec.,  1791,  a.  55. 
Mr.    John  Price,    d.    5    Oct.,    1802,   a.    59.     Mrs. 
Sarah   Turner,    d.    29    April,    1821,    a.    41.     Mrs. 
Esther  Price,  dau.  of  the  above  Mrs.  Sarah  Turner, 
d.  28  Sept.,  1836,  in  her  37th  year. 

149.  Charlotte,  w.  of  Charles  Miles,  d.  May  23, 
1816,  in  her  26th  year.     Also  Charles,  s.  of  the 
above  [no  date].     Also  Charles  Miles,  husb.  of  the 
above,  d.  Feb.  21,  1828,  a.  43. 

150.  Mr.  Joseph  Wright,  of  this  p.,  d.  17  March, 
1820,    a.    47.     Mrs.    Mary   Wright,    relict   of   the 
above,  d.  27  Nov.,  18 — ,  a.  67. 

151.  Edward    Read,    of    20,    Causton    Street, 
d.  (4)  June,  1851,  a.  (18).     Maria,  w.  of  the  above, 
d.  20  July,  1851. 

152.  Mrs.  Ann  Russ,  d.  —  30,  1830,  a.  70. 

153.  [Blank.] 

154.  Mrs.  Margaret "  Harrison ....  Also ....  Also 

m  Purn ,  s.  of 9th,  1817,  a.  — .     All 

of  this  parish. 

155.  Elizabeth 

156.  —  Agar,  ....  d 5th,  1818. 

157.  George  Boys,  of  this  p.,  d.  April  22,  1833, 
a.    49.     Four    sons    of    the    above,    — ,    George, 
Edmund,    and    Gilbert,    died    in    their    infancy. 
Mrs.  Mary  Boys,  wid.  of  the  above,  d.  Feb.  8, 
18(37),     a.     53.     Also     Georgiana     Susanna    — , 
grandd.  of  the  above,  d.  20  March  — . 

158.  Sarah  Boys,  eldest  dau.  of  the  Hev.  Daniel 
Boys  and    Sarah  Rider,  his  w.,  d.  1  July,  1839, 
a.  29. 

159.  Alexander,    s.     of    John    and    Elizabeth 
Percy,   d.   2   June,    1823,   a.    (4)  yrs.     Mrs.   Eliz. 
Percy,  mother  of  the  above,  d.  19  March,  1837, 
a.  33. 

160.  Sarah  Cooper,  of  this  p.,  d.  2-  Dec.,  1833, 
a.  6(3)  yrs.     Also  — m  Cooper,  [husban]d  of  the 
above,  d*—,  18(01). 

161.  Ha —  (Jo) — n,  died    D —       ,    a.   1    year. 
Sarah  F — ,  died  — ,  a.  — .     Also  Mr(s.)  — ,  wife 
of  — . 

162.  Jane-  Boys,  eldest   dau.  of  Thomas  Boys, 
Esq.,  and  Jane  his  w.,  d.  12  Feb.,  1851,  a.  80. 

G.  S.  PARRY,  Lieut.-Col. 
17,  Ashley  Mansions,  S.W. 

(To  be  continued.) 


JAMES  CALDWALL,  ARTIST. — Such  records 
as  those  of  COL.  PARRY,  ante,  pp.  302-4,  are  of 
the  greatest  value.  His  Xo.  72,  for  instance, 
tells  us  of  the  death  and  burial-place  of 
James  Caldwall  the  artist,  who  was  born  in 
1739,  and  who,  "  by  the  dates  on  his  prints," 
according  to  Bryan,  "  is  known  to  have  lived 
till  1789."  The  transcription  in  question 
clearly  proves  that  he  was  living  thirty-three 
years  afterwards.  W.  ROBERTS. 


One  Sunday  not  long  ago  I  made  a  note 
of  No.  72  in  this  list.  The  inscription  seems 
to  fit  in  with  a  notice  of  James  Caldwall 
in  Bryan's  '  Dictionary  of  Painters  and  En- 
gravers,' where  it  is  stated  that  the  artist 
was  born  in  1739  ;  this  agrees  with  the  age 
84  as  given  on  the  tombstone.  No  date  of 
death  is  given,  but  the  notice  and  tha 
inscription  evidently  refer  to  the  same 
person.  A.  RHODES. 

KING'S  THEATRE  (OPERA-HOUSE),  HAY- 
MARKET. — The  history  of  this  theatre  has 
yet  to  be  written,  and  would  be  a  welcome 
volume.  One  can  find  the  date  on  which 
any  particular  play  was  acted  at  Drury  Lane, 
Covent  Garden,  or  the  Little  Theatre  in  the 
Haymarket,  in  Genest's  *  Account  of  the 
English  Stage,'  but  it  is  necessary  to  go  to 
contemporary  newspapers  to  glean  informa- 
tion about  the  King's  Theatre.  Moreover, 
both  Genest  and  the  newspapers  generally 
give  a  portion  of  the  cast  at  the  three  other 
houses,  but  the  newspapers  seldom  mention 
the  names  of  the  performers  at  the  Opera- 
House.  Great  stars,  like  Heinel  and  Ga- 
brielli,  are  sometimes  announced,  but  the 
details  in  this  respect  are  very  meagre  ;  yet 
there  must  be  large  collections  of  playbills 
from  which  an  adequate  historical  account 
might  be  compiled.  Both  Dr.  Doran  and 
Barton  Baker  have  far  too  little  to  tell  us 
about  the  King's  Theatre. 

HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 

CRYSTAL  PALACE  TICKETS. — In  view  of 
the  increased  interest  excited  by  the  Crystal 
Palace  at  the  present  moment,  some  account 
of  the  tickets  in  use  there  in  the  late  fifties 
of  the  last  century  may  be  of  interest. 

Below  is  a  copy  of  a  Crystal  Palace  Opera 
Concert  ticket  : — 

GENTLEMAN'S. 
Crystal  Palace,  1858, 
Non- Transferable  Subscription  Ticket 

For  Opera  Concerts 
May  28  ;    June  11,  15  ;    July  9,  23  ;  August  6. 

Nu  A  4700 
Autograph   | 

Signature          W.  G.  Shand. 
of  Proprietor) 

N.B.  This  ticket  is  available  only  when  ac- 
companied by  a  Season  Ticket  bearing  the  same 
signature  as  the  above. 

Half  a  guinea. 
Bradbury  &  Evans,  Engravers,  Whitefriars, 

London. 

On  the  back  of  the  card  are  the  words  :— 

"  The  Proprietor  of  this  Ticket  must  signlMs 

or  her  name  on  the  face  of  the  Ticket,  and  also  in 

a  book  at  the  Palace,  and  produce  it  when  required 

by  the  servants  of  the  company. 


406 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [n  s.  iv.  NOV.  is,  ioii. 


"  This  Ticket  is  not  transferable,  and  if  presented 
1>y  another  than  the  Proprietor  it  will  be  forfeited, 
and  the  names  of  the  parties  published.  The 
Proprietor  must  observe  all  rules  that  may  be 
made  by  the  Directors  for  the  regulation  of  Visi- 
tors, and  for  reserving  seats  or  portions  of  the 
Palace. 

"If  this  ticket  is  lost  it  will  not  be  replaced. 

"  Bradbury  £  Evans,  Engravers,  Whitefriars, 

London." 

Below  is  a  copy  of  a  lady's  season  ticket  : — 

LADY'S. 

Crystal  Palace,  1858, 
Non-Transferable  Season  Ticket 
Available  from  1  May,  1858,  to  30  April,  1859. 

N°  3000. 
Axitograph  "j 

Signature    [•    M.  A.  Shand. 
of  ProprietorJ 

One  guinea. 
Bradbury  &  Evans,  Engravers,  Whitefriars, 

London. 

On  the  back  of  the  season  ticket  are  the 
words  : — 

"  The  Ticket  will  admit  the  Proprietor  to  the 
Palace  and  Park  whenever  open  to  the  Public, 
except  on  six  days,  the  right  to  which  is  reserved. 
The  proprietor  must  sign,"  &c. 

The  words  which  follow  are  the  same  as 
on  the  above  Opera  Concert  ticket. 

H.  G.  WARD. 
Aachen. 

LOXG'S  HOTEL,  BOND  STREET. — The 
closing  on  30  September  of  this  old-fash- 
ioned hotel  is  an  event  that  should,  I  think, 
be  mentioned  in  '  X.  &  Q.'  It  was  rebuilt 
in  the  spring  of  1888,  the  proprietors 
then  claiming  that  it  had  been  in  existence 
for  more  than  200  years,  though  it  did  not 
become  famous  till  the  earlier  part  of  the 
nineteenth  century.  An  historical  meeting 
in  the  old  house  was  that  which  took  place 
in  1815,  when,  as  The  Times  has  reminded  us, 
Sir  Walter  Scott  records  that  Lord  Byron 
dined  and  lunched  with  him  there,  this 
being  their  last  meeting.  Scott  adds  that 
he  never  saw  Byron  "  so  full  of  gaiety  and 
good  humour,  to  which  the  presence  of 
Mr.  Mat-hews  the  comedian  added  not  a 
little.  Poor  Terry  was  also  present."  Many 
other  references  can  be  culled  from  the  public 
press  of  May,  1888,  and  again  from  that 
of  October,  1911. 

My  object,  however,  in  writing  this  note 
is  to  draw  attention  to  a  novel  called 
'  Six  Weeks  at  Long's,'  my  copy  of  which 
is  described  on  the  title-page  as  the  fourth 
edition,  published  for  the  author  in  1817. 
It  has  the  motto  "  Longo  orcline  gentes." 
The  chief  interest  of  the  three  volumes 
lies  in  the  fact  that  they  introduce,  of  course 


under  fictitious  names,  a  number  of  person- 
ages then  living.  Lord  Byron  occupies  ar 
prominent  position  as  Lord  Leander,  and 
among  others  suggested  are  Lord  Barry- 
more,  the  Due  de  Berri,  Sir  F.  Burdett, 
Beau  Brummell,  and  Lady  Hamilton.  But 
it  would  require  prolonged  study  to  find 
out  in  all  cases  to  whom  the  rather  scurrilous 
descriptions  refer.  Mr.  Austin  Dobson  told 
us  in  Literature  of  20  Nov.,  1897,  that  the 
author  of  '  Six  Weeks  at  Long's'  was  Eaton 
Stannard  Barrett,-  born  at  Cork,  1786, 
of  whom  there  is  a  short  notice  in  the 
'  D.N.B.'  In  addition  to  this  novel  he 
wrote  a  "  mock  romance "  called  '  The 
Heroine  ;  or,  Adventures  of  Cherubina  '  ; 
also  a  comedy,  political  satires  against  the 
Whigs,  and  a  Popesque  eulogy  on  '  Woman,' 
of  which  four  lines,  beginning 

Not  she  with  trait'rous  kiss  her  Saviour  stung, 
are  said  to  figure  from  time  to  time,     not 
undeservedly,  among  "  Quotations  wanted." 
This  almost  forgotten    writer    died  of  con- 
sumption in  1820,  while  still  quite  young. 
PHILIP  NORMAN. 

DUD  DUDLEY. — The  ancient  memorial  in 
St.  Helen's  Church,  Worcester,  to  "  Dud 
Dudley,"  has  been  recently  restored  by  the 
Staffordshire  Iron  and  Steel  Institute,  and 
the  renovated  monument  was  unveiled  on 
7  October  by  Mr.  I.  E.  Lester,  the  President 
of  the  Institute.  The  memorial  has  been 
repaired  at  the  suggestion  of  Mr.  J.  W. 
Willis-Bund,  at  whose  instance  the  ancient 
inscription,  which  was  sinking  into  decay, 
has  been  accurately  reproduced.  One  of 
the  most  remarkable  monuments  to  a 
seventeenth  -  century  captain  of  industry, 
who  coupled  politics  with  a  military  career, 
and  science  and  commerce  with  a  very 
energetic  tendency  towards  litigation,  has 
thereby  been  repaired  and  preserved. 

W.  H.   QUARRELL. 

FIRE-PAPERS.  —  Before  it  be  too  late, 
something  ought  to  be  recorded  of  fire- 
papers,  wThich  until  not  very  long  ago  were 
a  feature  in  every  house. 

At  the  time  of  spring-cleaning  girls  used 
to  hawk  them  through  the  streets.  The 
cheaper  sort  were  made  of  thin  paper  cut 
into  scollops  and  Vandykes,  better  ones  were 
made  of  some  kind  of  fine  shavings,  and  all 
were  decorated  with  imitation  flowers,  e.g>, 
red  roses  and  green  leaves,  or  with  coloured 
bows,  or  with  gilt  stars.  They  were  strung 
on  a  small  bar  of  wood,  and  hung  in  the  fire- 
place so  as  to  cover  the  grate.  I  can  remem- 
ber being  allowed,  as  a  boy,  to  help  in  making 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  is,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


407 


a  choice  of  some — a  serious  matter,  for  the 
things  had  to  bear  the  daily  scrutiny  of  the 
family  for  five  months  of  the  year.  From 
the  time  of  spring-cleaning  no  fire  was 
allowed,  no  matter  what  the  weather,  until 
the  fair-day  of  our  Yorkshire  town,  11  Octo- 
ber, when  every  household  had  a  family 
gathering  and  held  high  festival. 

A  fire  in  a  bedroom  was  unheard  of,  except 
in  case  of  extreme  sickness.  The  chimney 
opening  was  closed  by  a  wooden  fire-board, 
not  to  keep  out  the  air,  but  to  stop  the 
incoming  of  blacks,  which  would  soil  the 
whiteness  of  the  summer  garniture.  Dickens, 
who  noticed  everything,  used  "  the  deal 
chimney-board  "  with  comic  effect  in  '  Wat- 
kins  Tottle  '  ('  Sketches '). 

Fire-papers  have  departed  with  their 
kindred  the  valentines,  and  have  been 
succeeded  by  hand-painted  screens,  vases  of 
real  flowers,  plants  in  pots,  and  ornamental 
drapery. 

Fly-papers  may  also  be  mentioned,  i.e., 
nets  made  of  flimsy  paper.  W.  C.  B. 


<Q  writs. 

WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


WILLIAM  HONE. — I  have  in  hand  a  book 
•on  '  William  Hone  :  his  Life  and  Times.' 
It  will  not  be  published  till  next  year,  and 
I  should  be  glad  to  hear  from  any  of  Hone's 
surviving  friends,  or  from  collectors  of 
materials,  letters,  &c.,  which  would  help 
to  perfect  the  book.  The  subject  has  always 
been  a  hobby  with  me.  My  father  was 
•a  friend  of  Hone,  and  I  have  rejoiced 
from  early  years  in  the  '  E very-Day  Book.' 
Oddly  enough,  another  publisher,  Alex- 
ander Macmillan,  also  wished  to  publish  a 
Life  of  Hone.  T.  FISHER  UN  WIN. 

Adelphi  Terrace,  Strand,  W.C. 

REV.  HENRY  GREY,  1778-1859. — In  the 
obituary  of  this  still-remembered  fine  old 
Edinburgh  divine,  from  the  pen  of  his  con- 
nexion George  Cupples,  author  of  '  The 
Green  Hand,'  appearing  under  date  of 
18  Jan.,  1859,  in  The  Witness,  Hugh  Miller's 
once-powerful  organ,  the  fact  of  Mr.  Grey's 
father  having  been  an  old-time  general 
practitioner  at  Alnwick  is  alluded  to.  To 
acquire  the  full  name  of  this  practitioner 
from  any  Northumbrian  antiquary  would 
gratify  me.  Comparing  the  notice  of  Mr. 


Grey  in  Hew  Scott's  '  Fasti  of  the  Scottish 
Church' — one  of  the  most  satisfactory  of 
modern  scholarly  fact-imparting  attempts 
on  a  large  scale — with  the  record  of  Mr. 
Augustine  Birrell  in  the  London  '  Who  's 
Who,'  it  would  seem  that  the  latter  is  a 
grandson_of  the  old  Edinburgh  divine. 

J.  G.  CUPPLES. 
Brookline,  Mass. 

TURNERS  OF  SUSSEX. — I  am  desirous  of 
tracing  the  ancestry  of  the  old  yeoman 
family  of  Turners  of  Mid- Sussex,  usually 
spoken  of  as  the  old  Sussex  Turners.  One 
hundred  years  ago  they  were  to  be  found 
at  Balcombe,  and  in  the  vicinity  of  Turner's 
Hill.  I  believe  their  home  previously  centred 
around  Horsham.  JAN.  TURNEUR. 

P.O.,  Bockhampton,  Australia. 

SIR  WALTER  RALEGH'S  HOUSE  AT 
YOUGHAL. — Where  can  I  find  a  detailed 
description  of  the  interior  of  this  house  ? 

INQUIRER. 

Philadelphia. 

JAPANESE  GODS. — Will  some  reader  of 
'  N.  &  Q.'  kindly  give  me  the  names  of  two 
or  three  gods  of  the  Japanese,  and  tell  me 
for  what  special  blessing  they  are  supplicated? 
I  want  also  a  short  prayer  which  may  be 
popular  with  the  Japanese.  JAPAN. 

NICOLAY  FAMILY. — Sir  William  Nicolay 
(1771-1842),  Governor  successively  of 
Dominica,  St.  Kitts,  &c.,  and  Mauritius,  is 
stated  in  the  '  D.N.B.'  to  have  been  "  of 
an  old  Saxe-Gotha  family  settled  in  Eng- 
land." He  was  son  of  Frederic  Nicolay,  of 
Westminster,  Esq.,  who  was  son  of  Gaspard 
Nicolay,  who  came  to  England  about  1730- 
1735  from  Saxe-Gotha,  and  had  some  ap- 
pointment about  the  English  Court.  Further 
information  regarding  this  Gaspard  and  his 
ancestry  is  sought.  SIGMA  TAU  [2]. 

'  THE  INTELLIGENCER.' — I  have  just  ac- 
quired a  copy  of  this  work,  which  is  by  the 
author  of  '  A  Tale  of  a  Tub,'  the  remainder 
of  the  title-page  reading  as  follows  : — 

:'The  Second  Edition  |  London  |  Printed  for 
Francis  Cogan,  at  the  |  Middle  -  Temple  -  Gate  in 
Fleet  Street  |  MDCCXXX." 

Will  any  one  kindly  tell  me  when  and  where 
the  first  edition  was  published  ?  I  cannot 
find  any  mention  of  the  work  in  Lowndes. 
It  is  written  in  Swift's  usual  free  style — 
in  many  cases  bitterly  sarcastic.  It  loses 
some  of  its  point  by  one's  not  knowing 
the  persons  who  suffer  under  his  trenchant 
pen.  It  is  arranged  after  the  manner  of 
The  Spectator.  WM.  NORMAN. 


408 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        tn  s.  iv.  NOV.  is,  1911. 


HEXBY  BOWYER  LANE,  Brevet-Major, 
Royal  Artillery,  died  at  Brighton  on  2  May, 
1 843.  He  had  served  with  the  rank  of  second 
captain  in  the  Peninsular  War  in  1809-10, 
and  again  in  1813-14. 

It  is  believed  that  letters  written  by  him 
from  Portugal  and  Spain  during  that  period 
are  extant.  Can  any  information  be  given 
as  to  their  present  possessor  ? 

J.  H.  LESLIE,  Major,  R.A. 

(retired  list). 


"RESURRECTION  MEN." — The  following 
paragraph  appeared  in  The  Northampton 
Mercury  of  2  November,  1811  : — 

"Last  week  the  whole  of  the  corps  denominated 
'  Resurrection  Men,'  employed  in  London  and  its 
environs,  struck  for  an  increase  of  wages.  Last 
winter  they  entered  into  a  similar  conspiracy,  and 
their  anatomical  friends  acceded  to  the  proposed 
advance  of  a  guinea  upon  each  body.  At  that  time 
they  received  3  guineas  a  corpse,  and  they  now 
demand  5  guineas  per  body,  male  or  female.  The 
surgeons  have  in  vain  remonstrated  with  them." 

How  did  this  remarkable  strike  end  ? 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

'OLD  MORGAN  AT  PANAMA.' — Could  any 
reader  tell  me  who  was  the  author  of  '  Old 
Morgan  at  Panama,'  one  of  the  pieces 
appearing  in  Dr.  Doran's  '  Bentley  Ballads  '  ? 

R,  P.  S. 

CAPT.  EDWARDES  =  FORSTER,  —  Could 
any  of  your  readers  help  me  to  find  out 
where  Capt.  David  John  Edwardes  of 
Rhyd-y-gorse,  Carmarthen,  married  on  14 
Oct.,  1817,  Caroline  Forster,  second  daughter 
of  John  Forster  of  Southend,  Kent,  as  I 
want  the  marriage  certificate  ? 

D.  J.  W.  EDWARDES. 

The  Bank  House,  Salisbury. 

MANZOXI  :  '  PROMESSI  SPOSI.' — Who  was 
the  translator  of 

';The  Betrothed  Lovers  [  a  |  Milanese  Tale  of  the 
XVIIth  Century  |  translated  |  from  the  Italian  |  of 
!   Alessandro  Manzoni  |  Pisa   [  Niccolo  Capurro, 
Lung '  Arno  |  1828  "  ? 

DUNHEVED  [2]. 

"  RYDYXG  ABOUTE  OF  VICTORY,"  &c. — 
Colet  in  his  '  Statutes  of  St.  Paul's  School ' 
says  :— 

"  I  will  they  use  noo  Kokfighting  nor  rydyng 
aboute  of  victory,  nor  disputing  at  sent  Bartilmews 
whiche  is  folish  babeling  and  losse  of  tyme." 

What  is  meant  by  "  rydyng  aboute  of 
victory"  ?  Horse-racing?  What  was  the 
"  folish  babeling  "  at  "  sent  Bartilmews  "  ? 

ST.  S  WITHIN. 


AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — Who 
wrote  the  following  lines  ? — 
We  hurry  to  the  river  we  must  cross, 

And  swiftly  downwards  every  footstep  tends  ? 
Happy  who  reach  it  ere  they  count  the  loss 

Of  all  their  memories  and  of  half  their  friends. 

I  believe  that  they  were  quoted  by  Mr. 
Chamberlain  in  a  speech  somewhere  about 
1883.  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

Can  any  one  supply  the  lines  beginning — 
Fly,  Honesty,  fly 


And  ending — 

Stay,  Honesty,  stay  in  this  favoured  retreat, 


For  the  lawyers  are  just  at  the  end  of  the  street, 
And  the  bargees  are  just  at  the  other, 
and    relate    the    anecdote    connected    with 
them  ?  R.  C.  C.  WILLIAMS. 

[The    first    epigram    was    written    by    James 
Smith  (1775-1839),  and  begins 
In  Craven  Street,  Strand,  ten  attorneys  find  place. 
A  rejoinder  by  Sir  George  Rose,  beginning 

Why  should  Honesty  seek  any  safer  retreat  ? 
is    included     in    Davenport     Adams's    '  English 
Epigrams  '  (Rout ledge),  p.  127.] 

HOLWORTHY  PORTRAIT,  CIRCA  1805.— I 
understand  that  in  some  series  of  portraits, 
circa  1805,  there  appears  a  full-figure  portrait 
of  Matthew  Holworthy,  in  the  uniform  of  a 
captain  of  the  7th  Light  Dragoons.  I  have 
searched  the  British  Museum  Print-Room 
without  success,  and  shall  therefore  be 
very  grateful  to  any  one  who  can  tell  me 
where  I  mav  see  a  copy. 

F.  M.  R.  HOLWORTHY,  F.S.G. 

THOMAS  RAYNSFORD  OF  LITTLE  COMPTON, 
co.  GLOUC. — Wanted,  date  of  marriage  of 
above  with  Barbara,  daughter  of  Dr.  Bent- 
ley,  physician  to  Henry  VIII.  (see  '  Vis.  of 
Glouc.,  1623').  F.  VINE  RAINSFORD. 

66,  Oseney  Crescent,  N.W. 

'  COCKLES  AND  MUSSELS.' — I  shall  be 
much  obliged  if  one  of  your  readers  will 
kindly  inform  me  who  is  the  composer  of 
this  song.  E.  F.  BUSHBY. 

2,  Egerton  Gardens,  S.\\  . 

DR.  JOHNSON  AND  '  THE  PILGRIM'S  PRO- 
GRESS.'— A  much-esteemed  and  able  writer 
says  in  the  October  number  of  The  Cornhill 
Magazine,  p.  543: — 

"  Dr.  Johnson  was  a  shrewd  and  perceptive  judge 
of  certain  qualities  in  literature,  but  the  fact  that 
he  thought  '  The  Pilgrim's  Progress '  a  stupid  and 
barbarous  book  does  not  make  Johnson  a  bad  critic, 
or  '  The  Pilgrim's  Progress '  a  bad  book. 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  18,1911.]        NOTES  AND   QUERIES. 


409 


Is  not  this  in  direct  contradiction  to  John 
son's  utterances  as  recorded  in  the  unim 
peachable  pages  of  Boswell's  '  Life  '? 

If  the  statement  is  not  a  lapsus  calam 
for    another    writer,    surely    many    reader 
and  lovers  of  the  old  philosopher  would  b 
glad  to  know  on  what  authority  he  is  said 
to  have  passed  these  strictures  on  Bunyan. 
FREDK.  CHARLES  WHITE. 

26,  Arran  Street,  Roath,  Cardiff. 

DRY  WEATHER  IN  NINETEENTH  CENTURY 
—I  shall  be  glad  to  learn  if  any  of  you 
readers  know  of  any  contemporary  account 
stating  that  the  years  1805  and  1815  wer 


exceptionally  dry. 


G.  L.  KENNEDY. 


SURREY  INSTITUTE. — Writing  under  the 
date  4  Dec.,  1819,  Joseph  Severn  invited 
his  friend  John  Keats  to  come  and  see  his 
correspondent's  picture  hung  at  the  Roya 
Academy  in  competition  for  a  gold  medal 
Accepting  this  invitation  two  days  later 
the  poet  invited  the  painter  "  to  return  the 
compliment  by  going  with  me  to  see  a  Poem 
I  have  hung  up  for  the  Prize  in  the  Lecture 
Room  of  the  Surrey  Institute,"  adding,  "  ] 
have  many  rivals  ;  the  most  threatening  are 
'  An  Ode  to  Lord  Castlereagh,'  and  a  new 
series  of  Hymns  for  the  New  new  Jerusalem 
Chapel."  This  citation  is  from  the  letter 
No.  CXLVL,  p.  436,  in  the  '  Collected  Corre- 
spondence of  Keats,'  London,  1895. 

The  Surrey  Institute  was  situated  at 
the  northern  end  of  Blackfriars  Road, 
a  few  doors  from  Blackfriars  Bridge,  and 
the  building,  known  later  as  "  The  Rotunda," 
still  remains.  Nearly  four  years  before  the 
date  of  Keats' s  letter,  viz.,  on  3  April,  1815, 
there  had  been  founded  "  in  a  large  upper 
room  in  Obelisk  Yard,  near  the  Obelisk  in 
St.  George's  Fields  " — i.e.,  at  the  extreme 
southern  end  of  Blackfriars  Road,  and  less 
than  half  a  mile  from  the  Surrey  Institute — 
a  Society  of  the  New-Church  (Sweden- 
borgians).  On  Whit  Sunday,  30  May,  1819 
— i.e.,  six  months  prior  to  Keats' s  letter — 
a  new  place  of  worship  erected  for  this  Society 
in  Waterloo  Road,  also  less  than  half  a  mile 
from  the  Surrey  Institute,  had  been  in- 
augurated (9  S.  v.  52).  There  can  be  little, 
if  any,  doubt  that  this  was  the  "  New 
new  Jerusalem  Chapel  "  for  which  the  said 
hymns  were  written. 

I  have  appealed  in  vain  to  present-day 
Swedenborgians,  through  their  monthly 
and  weekly  periodicals,  for  guidance  to  the 
text,  or  the  titles,  or  the  authorship  of  these 
hymns — they  appear  to  have  completely 
disappeared.  May  I  now  address  the  in- 
quiry to  the  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  ?  Possibly  was. 


one  of  them  may  have  access  to  the  printed 
or  MS.  records  of  the  Surrey  Institute,  should 
such  documents  exist. 

CHARLES  HIGHAM. 
169,  Grove  Lane,  Caniberwell,  S.E. 

BURGH-ON-SANDS  :  ITS  PRONUNCIATION. 
— Can  any  one  say  how  Burgh-on-Sands 
(near  Carlisle),  where  Edward  I.  diedfof 
dysentery  in  1307,  on  his  way  to  Scotland, 
comes  to  be  pronounced  as  though  spelt 


Bruff-on-Sands  ? 


T.  S. 


CAPT.  MARRYAT  :  '  DIARY  or  A  BLASE.' — 
In  the  German  Supplement,  p.  49,  of  Hugo's 
French  Journal  of  16  February,  1901,  is  the 
first  part  of  a  short  story  about  the  great 
ruby  of  the  King  of  Pegu.  It  is  said  to  be 
taken  from  the  'Diary  of  a  Blase,'  one  of 
Marryat's  "  less-known  books." 

Did  Marry  at  write  a  book  with  that  title, 
and  if  so,  is  it  to  be  found  by  itself  or  with 
other  writings  of  his  ? 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

'  SLANG  TERMS  AND  THE  GIPSY  TONGUE.' 

-In  Baity' s  Magazine  for  November,  1871, 
vol.  xxi.  p.  20,  there  is  an  interesting  article 
with  this  title,  signed  J.  C.  M.  H.,  and  it 
seems  possible  that  this  and  another  article 
>y  the  same  writer  have  been  overlooked 
}y  our  philologists.  Suggestions  are  made 
for  the  derivation  of  so-called  slang  terms 
which  the  author  takes  upon  himself  to 
ustify  as  being  words  derived  from  the 
*ipsy  language  and  from  Hindostanee. 
words,  chum  and  dust,  may  be  taken  as 
xamples. 

*  Hob  son- Job  son  '  does  not  mention  chum  ; 
nd  the  statement  that  chuma  is  the  Hindo- 
tanee    word    for    a    kiss,    and    tschummer, 
with  the    same   pronunciation,  is  its    gipsy . 
quivalent,  and  the  suggestion  that  thence 
we  get  the  word  chum  as  a  slang  term  for 

near  and  dear  friend,  are  not  noticed  in 
he  'N.E.D.' 

Again,  to  quote  from  the  article,"  'To  come 
own  with  the  dust '  is  the  slang  term  for 
o  produce  the  money.  '  Duster '  in  gipsy 
nd  Hindostanee  signifies  money."  This 
uggestion  is  not  noticed  in  the  '  N.E.D.' 

There  are  many  other  words — mushroom 
s  one — for  which  derivations  are  suggested 
which  appear  to  be  as  likely  as  those  to  be 
xrnnd  in  our  dictionaries,  and  I  am  curious 
o  know  whether  these  articles  have  been 
onsidered    and    rejected    as    unworthy  of 
erious  notice,  or  whether  they  have  been 
overlooked,  and  also  to  know  who  J.  C.  M.  H. 


J.  J.  FREEMAN. 


410 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  is,  mi. 


KING'S  BENCH  PRISON,  SOUTHWARK. — I 
should  be  obliged  for  any  references  to  de- 
scriptions of  a  debtor's  life  in  the  King's 
Bench  Prison  at  Southwark  about  the  middle 
of  the  eighteenth  century. 

HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 

JOHN  ADDENBROOKE,  son  of  John  Adden- 
brooke  of  Newport,  Salop,  was  appointed 
Rector  of  Sutton,  near  Shrewsbury,  in  1724, 
and  of  Upper  Sapey,  co.  Hereford,  in  1725. 
Was  he  any  relation  to  the  founder  of  Adden- 
brooke  Hospital  at  Cambridge  ?  When 
did  he  die  ?  G.  F.  R.  B. 

F.  T.  EGERTON,  of  Roche  Court,  Salisbury, 
signed  the  protest  against  the  abolition  of 
the  annual  play  in  the  College  Dormitory  at 
Westminster  in  1847.  I  should  be  glad  to 
obtain  anTr  information  about  him. 

G.  F.  R,  B. 

HENRY  FENTON  JADIS  was  admitted  to 
Westminster  School  in  1814.  I  have  reason 
for  believing  that  he  was  the  Henry  Jadis, 
clerk  of  the  Home  Department  in  the  India 
Board,  whose  name  is  given  in  'The  Royal 
Kalendar'  for  1837.  Can  any  correspondent 
give  me  particulars  of  his  parentage  and  the 
date  of  his  death  ?  G.  F.  R.  B. 

"  FENT  "  :  TRADE  TERM. — This  is  used 
by  a  certain  class  of  Manchester  warehouse- 
men or  "job  buyers,"  who  deal  in  remnants 
of  cloth,  calicoes,  muslins,  &c.  I  should  like 
to  know  the  origin  and  etymology  of  the  term, 
which  is  confined,  I  believe,  to  the  Lancashire 
district.  M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

AMBROSE  GWINETT  AND  '  THE  LONDON 
GAZETTE.' — There  are  strong  reasons  for 
believing  that  the  '  Adventures  of  Ambrose 
Gwinett '  are  mere  fiction,  and  Gwinett 
himself  a  myth.  The  various  editions  and 
versions  are  full  of  discrepancies,  errors,  and 
contradictions.  Can  any  one  say  whether 
Gwinett' s  advertisement  in  The  London 
Gazette  has  ever  been  traced  ?  His  narrative 
(published  1768)  says  :— 

"For  some  time  past  my  father,  my  master,  ana 
my  relatives  were  inclined  to  think  me  innocent 
and  in  compliance  with  my  earnest  request  an 
advertisement  was  published  in  The  London  Gazette 
representing  my  deplorable  circumstances,  anc 
offering  a  reward  to  any  person  who  could  give 
tidings  of  Air.  Richard  Collins  (the  name  of  the  man 
I  was  supposed  to  have  murdered),  either  alive  or 
dead. 

Can  any  one  having  access  to  The  London 
Gazette  of  1709  or  1710  (when  Gwinett's 
adventures  began)  say  whether  such  an 
advertisement  is  to  be  found  in  that  Gazette , 

G.  H.  W. 


'PETER  PINDAR,"   DR.  WOLCOTi 

(11  S.  iv.  329.) 

A  SHORT  account  of  Dr.  Wolcot  will  be  found 
Abraham  Hawkins's  '  Kingsbridge  and 
Salcombe,'  1819,  pp.  54-7,  174.  This 
book  was  dedicated  to  Wolcot,  and  I  have 
my  possession  the  dedication  copy, 
Beautifully  bound  in  old  red  morocco,  which 
was  presented  to  him,  with  an  appropriate 
nscription,  by  Mr.  Hawkins.  Dr.  Wolcot 
was  born  in  "  a  smart  little  mansion  with 
a  white  front,  on  a  gentle,  verdant  declivity, 
extending  to  the  water's  edge  at  the  flow 
of  the  tide,"  and  situated  within  the  parish 
of  Dodbrooke,  which  adjoins  Kingsbridge. 
This  house  was  his  property,  and  he  en- 
trusted the  sale  of  it  to  my  great-grandfather 
Mr.  George  Prideaux,  solicitor,  of  Kings- 
bridge.  The  following  urgent  letter  is 
still  among  my  family  papers  :— 
Broad  Street,  No.  37, 

Golden  Square,  London, 
DEAR  SIR,  Nov  :  25.  84. 

Hath  any  Person,  or  is  any  Person,  about 
taking  my  House  in  Dodbrooke  ?  I  wish  to  know 
before  I  visit  it,  which  will  be  in  about  three 
w"eeks  or  a  month.  My  good  Friend,  do  return 
me  an  Answer  by  Return  of  Post,  with  as  many 
other  Particulars  as  you  please. 

Poor    Lyd    hath   been    ill.     Matrimony    would 
have  put  all  her  Complaints  to  Flight. 

I  am  truly  yours,  J.  "YVoLCOT. 

Mr.  G.  Prideaux,  Kingsbridge. 
The  house  was  eventually  sold  to  the 
Rev.  Nathaniel  Wells,  \vho  rechristened  it 
"  Pindar  Lodge,"  and  put  on  a  new  front. 
After  his  death,  his  widow,  Mrs.  Juliana 
Wells,  continued  to  occupy  the  premises,  and 
was  living  in  them  when  Hawkins  published 
his  book.*  Subsequently  the  old  house,  with 
its  lawn,  which  had  two  or  three  handsome 
chestnut  trees  growing  on  it,  came  succes- 
sively into  the  possession  of  Capt.  Crozier  and 
Mrs.  Pell.  About  the  year  1834,  the  pro- 
perty was  purchased  by  Mr.  John  Foale 
Annis,  builder,  who  divided  it,  and  sold  the 
house  with  that  part  of  the  lawn  immediately 
in  front  of  it,  and  a  part  of  the  walled  garden, 
which  stood  on  the  other  side  of  the  road, 
behind  the  house,  to  Mr.  Joseph  Adams, 


*  Cyrus  Redding,  in  his  '  Fifty  Years'  Recollec- 
tions,' i.  201,  relates  that  on  one  occasion  he  went 
to  Dodbrooke  in  company  with  Turner  to  see  the 
house  in  which  Dr.  Wolcot  was  born,  and  that  the 
artist  took  a  sketch  of  it.  Redding  gives  no  dates, 
but  he  was  in  South  Devon  in  1811.  What  has 
become  of  the  sketch  ? 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  is,  ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


411 


coal  merchant,  who  built  cellars  and  made  his 
coal-yard  on  part  of  the  lawn.  The  portion 
retained  by  Mr.  Annis  consisted  of  the  little 
garden  and  the  remainder  of  the  lawn  ;  on 
these  he  built  stables.  He  also  retained 
part  of  the  walled  garden.  In  1874,  when 
Miss  Fox  published  her  book,  this  part  of 
the  premises  was  used  by  the  occupier  of 
''The  Anchor  Hotel,"  while  the  other  part, 
including  the  lawn,  comprised  cellars  and 
coal-yard.* 

Miss  Fox,  in  her  '  Kingsbridge  Estuary,' 
1864,  mentions  a  beautifully  executed 
miniature  of  Dr.  Wolcot,  the  work  of 
Walter  Stephens  Lethbridge,  which  was 
then  in  the  possession  of  my  great-uncle, 
Mr.  Charles  Prideaux,  F.L.S. ;  but  I  regret 
to  say  I  do  not  know  what  became  of  it 
after  his  death.  The  bulk  of  his  fine  col- 
lection of  china  was  purchased  by  Lady 
Charlotte  Schreiber,  and  is  now  in  the 
Victoria  and  Albert  Museum,  and  that  lady 
may  have  possibly  acquired  the  miniature 
also.  W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 

The  house  at  Dodbrooke,  Devon,  in 
which  Dr.  Wolcot  was  born,  was  situate 
upon  the  estuary.  It  had  belonged  to  his 
ancestors  for  many  'generations.  The  doctor 
had  plans  and  estimates  prepared  for  an 
improved  house,  but  at  the  last  moment 
changed  his  mind  and  sold  the  fee  simple 
(in  1795)  to  the  Rev.  Nathaniel  Wells.  The 
purchaser  took  down  most  of  the  fabric, 
and  began  the  rebuilding,  which  was 
finished  by  his  widow,  Mrs.  Juliana  Wells, 
the  owner  when  Lysons  wrote,  1822  (vol.  vi. 
p.  165).  In  the  poet's  time  there  was  on 
the  estate  a  thatched  barn  in  which  he 
sheltered  some  strolling  actors  who  had 
been  turned  out  of  the  adjoining  parish  of 
Kingsbridge.  The  circumstances  are  de- 
scribed in  the  two  odes  '  To  my  Barn ' 
('  Poems,'  vol.  ii.  pp.  123-4,  ed.  1809). 

As  a  boy  he  was  remembered  for  his 
strokes  of  humour  and  smart  repartees. 
His  schoolmaster  (at  Kingsbridge)  was 
John  Morris  (1717-1788),  a  native  of  Ring- 
wood,  Hampshire,  whose  virtues  are  recorded 
in  the  following  epitaph  : — 

Of  morals  pure  and  manners  mild, 
Preceptor  loved  by  ev'ry  child  : 
With  mind  possessed  of  classick  store, 
The  mien  of  meekness  MORRIS  wore. 
No  lofty  look  ;   no  pedant-pride  : 
t  He  sought  the  infant  step  to  guide  : 
A  virtuous  course  through  life  he  ran, 
And  strictly  proved  an  honest  man. 

*  '  Kingsbridge  and  its  Surroundings,'  by 
S.  P.  Fox,  p.  249,  ex  inform.  G.  B.  Lidstone,  Esq. 


From  his  instruction  "Wolcot  caught 
The  spark  that  kindled  radiant  thought, 
Illumined  paths  that  lead  to  fame, 
And  with  the  Nine  enrolled  his  name. 
Blest  shade  !   that  could  the  muse  inspire—- 
The modern  Pindar's  sounding  lyre  : 
Harmonious  lays  that  charm  the  heart, 
And  pleasure's  balmy  ze&t  impart. 
Such  liv'd  the  man  :   interred  he  lies, 
Expectant  with  the  good  to  rise  ; 
May  those  who  read  these  lines  as  well 
Deserve  among  the  just  to  dwell. 

Of  Wolcot' s  life  in  Jamaica  as  a  clergy- 
man, the  following  is  related  in  '  Chambers' s 
Encyc.,'  1877,  s.v.  Wolcot  :— 

"  His  congregation  consisted  mostly  of  negroes, 
and  Sunday  being  their  principal  holiday  and 
market,  the  attendance  at  church  was  very  limited. 
Sometimes  not  a  single  person  came  ;  and  Wolcot 
and  his  clerk — the  latter  being  an  excellent  shot 
— used  at  such  times,  after  waiting  for  ten  minutes, 
to  proceed  to  the  seaside,  to  enjoy  the  sport  of 
shooting  ring-tailed  pigeons." 

Among  the  admirers  of  Wolcot' s  poetry 
was  the  Polish  general  Kosciusko  (1756-1817), 
who  assisted  the  revolting  American  colonies 
in  the  War  of  Independence.  He  sent 
Wolcot  a  present  of  Falernian  wine  ('Ann. 
Reg.,  1795,'  32,  n.). 

In  the  trumped-up  case  of  crim.  con.  in 
which  Wolcot  was  involved  in  1 807,  as  a  result 
of  having  taught  his  landlady  to  act,  it 
was  stated  by  the  plaintiff's  counsel  that 
Wolcot  had  said  that  he  had  taught  Mrs. 
Siddons  to  act  ('Ann.  Reg.,  1807,'  Chron., 
p.  450).  Wolcot  mentions  Mrs.  Siddons 
several  times  in  his  poems,  but  does  not 
onfirm  this  statement. 

The  following  may  be  added  to  the  autho- 
rities mentioned  in  '  D.JST.B.'  : — A  paper  on 
Wolcot  by  the  Rev.  J.  M.  Hawker,  Rector  of 
Berrynarbor,  Ilfracombe,  printed  in  Trans. 
Devon.  Assoc.,  1877  ;  and  also  the  '  History 
of  Kingsbridge  '  by  Abraham  Hawkins,  the 
dedication  of  which  reads  : — 

"  To  |  John  Wolcot  M.D.  |  long  accredited  at 
,he  Court  of  Apollo  |  as  |  Peter  Pindar  Esq.  | 
These  pages  commemorative  of  the  |  History  and 
Topography  |  of  the  Vicinity  of  his  |  native 
Earth  |  are  |  (by  his  permission)  |  dedicated  |  as 
a  mark  of  sincere  respect  |  for  his  superior  genius 
and  talents  |  by  his  friend  I  the  Author." 

M. 


'  COMUS  '     AT    COVENT     GABDEN    THEATRE 

.11  S.  iv.  348). — The  performance  of  '  Comus  ' 
;ook  place  during  the  season  1839-40.  It 
was  considered  "  the  most  brilliant  produc- 
tion of  the  season,  presenting  the  most 
classical  and  perfectly  artistic  ensemble  of 
all  the  spectacle  pieces  brought  out  under 
:>he  Vestris-Mathews  management."  Ac- 
cording to  an  account  by  Vandenhoff, 


412 


NOTES  AND   QUERIES.        en  s.  iv.  NOV.  is,  1911. 


quoted  in  Henry  Saxe  Wyndham's  'Annals 
of  the  Co  vent  Garden  Theatre,'  2  vols., 
1906,  vol.  ii.  pp.  149-50,  "  it  did  little  more 
than  repay  its  outlay." 

THOMAS  WM.  HUCK. 
Saffron  Walden. 

The  occasion  may  have  been  that  to  which 
reference  is  made  by  Lord  Broughton  in 
'  Recollections  of  a  Long  Life,'  vi.  59.  After 
reporting  a  sitting  of  the  House  of  Lords  on 
the  evening  of  17  March,  1842,  he  proceeds  as 
follows  : — 

"  After  this  I  joined  my  children  at  Covent 
Garden  Theatre,  and  saw  '  Comus  '  and  '  The  Mar- 
riage of  Figaro.'  The  part  of  Susanna  was  per- 
formed by  Miss  Adelaide  Kemble,  an  exceedingly 
plain  person,  but  an  admirable  actress  and  singer, 
I  thought.  '  Comus  '  was  a  gorgeous  spectacle, 
and  pleased  me  as  much  as  it  did  my  children." 

In  vol.  v.  p.  233,  Lord  Broughton  states 
that  he  visited  Covent  Garden  on  14  Nov., 
1839,  to  see  '  The  School  for  Scandal,'  and 
that  he  "  did  not  like  any  of  the  actors 
except  perhaps  Madame  Vestris."  Thus 
the  management  is  likely  to  have  been  the 
same  on  both  dates.  THOMAS  BAYNE. 

This  masque  was  acted  at  Covent  Garden 
in  1772,  and  in  an  edition  published  in  1790 
there  appear  casts  of  the  piece  as  produced 
at  Covent  Garden,  Haymarket,  and  Drury 
Lane.  WM.  NORMAN. 

Plumstead. 

BARON  DE  WALLER  :  SIR  ROBERT  WALLER 
AT  AGINCOURT  (11  S.  iv.  329).— I  cannot 
believe  in  the  use  of  de  before  Waller  ;  it 
sounds  like  "  de  Baker  "  and  "  de  Mercer," 
which  are  impossible  forms.  But ' '  de  Waller ' ' 
may  easily  have  been  an  ignorant  substitu- 
tion for  "  le  Waller,"  which  is  not  only 
reasonable,  but  real.  Bardsley  says  that 
"  William  le  Waller,"  i.e.,  William  the  wall- 
builder,  was  bailiff  of  Norwich  in  1232 
(Blomefield's  '  History  of  Norfolk,'  iii.  58), 
more  than  two  centuries  before  the  word 
was  explained  in  the  '  Promptorium  Parvu- 
lorum.'  WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

Charles  Knight's  '  Old  England  '  contains  a 
lengthy  reference  to  the  battle  of  Agincourt. 
Mention  is  made  of  the  Duke  of  Orleans, 
but  there  is  no  indication  that  his  life  was 
saved  on  the  battle-field  owing  to  the  timely 
intervention  of  another  combatant.  "  Like 
the  Black  Prince,"  says  Knight,  "  Henry  V. 
brought  back  to  England  with  him  an  illus- 
trious captive,  the  Duke  of  Orleans,  who  had 
been  pulled  out  from  under  a  heap  of  slain. 
As  to  John  of  France,  so  to  this  royal  duke, 
the  most  marked  courtesy  was  paid."  '  Old 


England '  contains  an  engraving  showing 
the  Duke  writing  poetry  under  the  observa- 
tion of  a  well-armed  guard  while  a  prisoner 
in  the  Tower  of  London.  T.  H.  BARROW. 

JANE  AUSTEN'S  'PERSUASION'  (11  S.  iv. 
288,  339). — 1.  Cf.  "  Gladstone's  house  was 
painting " — Lord  Russell  to  Lord  Gran- 
ville,  23  November,  1868  (Granville's  '  Life,' 
vol.  ii.  p.  533).  G.  W.  E.  R. 

3.  The  seven-shilling  piece  mentioned  by 
MR.  N.  W.  HILL  was  of  gold  and  was  a  coin. 
The  three-shilling  piece  was  a  silver  token 
issued  by  the  Bank  of  England  to  supply  the 
dearth  of  small  currency.  Together  with 
a  smaller  token  of  Is.  6d.,  it  was  first  issued 
on  9  July,  1811,  and  Mr.  B.  B.  Turner 
('Chronicles  of  the  Bank  of  England') 
informs  us  that  between  that  date  and  1815 
the  amount  of  these  tokens  put  into  circula- 
tion was  four  and  a  half  millions  sterling. 

J.  H.  K. 

[MR.  K.  H.  HOPKINS  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

"  CH  "  :  ITS  PRONUNCIATION  (11  S.  iv. 
285). — PROF.  SKEAT  seems  to  bear  me  out 
(ante,  p.  233)  that  ch  was  pronounced 
sometimes  as  k,  and  more  often  as  ch, 
as,  for  instance,  in  child.  We  should 
remember  that  the  Saxon  Child,  as  in 
"  Childe  Harold,"  &c.,  meant  something 
in  the  nature  of  prince,  as  does  Infante 
in  Spanish.  Down  to  the  time  of  Edward  I. 
Norman-French  was  the  tongue  of  our 
courts  of  law  and  of  the  higher  classes, 
and  the  difficulty  with  Domesday  Book  is 
that  the  names  eventually  came  to  be 
written  as  pronounced.  Thus,  for  instance, 
the  Saxon  Englishmen  would  pronounce  the 
Norman  Carteret  as  Cartwright,  and  the 
Norman  Bourchier  as  Butcher.  In  the  same 
way  the  Norman  monk  would  alter  Saxon 
and  Danish  place-names  and  surnames 
into  accordance  with  Norman-French  pro- 
nunciation and  spelling.  We  were  dis- 
cussing chetel  as  a  suffix  in  such  names  as 
Ulfchetel  or  Ulfchil,  and  Turchetel  or  Tur- 
chil.  I  gave,  as  another  instance,  Raven- 
chetel  or  Ravenchil,  which  I  said  had  been 
corrupted  into  Raunchell  and  Ravenshall,  in 
Cheshire.  Ulfchetel  would  be  corrupted  into 
Ushaw,  w^hich  as  a  place-name  still  exists 
in  the  north  in  Ulf chit's  district,  as  does  also 
Ulshaw.  As  a  surname  it  would  be  Ussher, 
quite  common  in  the  same  district.  We  have 
in  Yorkshire  Ramechil,  sometimes,  accord- 
ing to  a  Yorkshire  archaeological  publication, 
written  Rameshil ;  and  the  modern  Ram- 
shaw  occurs  in  Yorkshire  and  Durham,  both 
as  a  place-name  and  a  common  surname. 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  is,  MIL]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


413 


(Who  ever  heard  of  a  wood  of  rams  ? 
Grimchil,  the  Yorkshire  thane,  still  gives 
his  name  to  the  Grimshaws,  and  so  on ; 
Ravenchil  in  Yorkshire  to  the  Renshaws 
and  to  Renshaw  Wood,  &c.  ;  and  in  Lan- 
cashire and  Cheshire  the  same  corruption 
(viz.,  Henshaw  from  Hrofenchetel)  is  found. 
From  all  of  which  I  think  it  follows  that  the 
exception  proves  the  rule,  viz.,  that  ch  as  a 
suffix  was  eventually  pronounced  and  written 
as  sh  in  the  instances  I  have  given. 

J.  RAVENSHAW. 
Oxford  and  Cambridge  Club. 

CHARLES  ELSTOB  (US.  iv.  210,  257,  317). — 
Elizabeth  Elstob  may  have  been  this  under- 
graduate's aunt,  but  she  was  not  his  mother, 
as  she  died  a  spinster  in  1756,  cet.  73.  Her 
brother,  Charles  Elstob,  with  whom  she 
lived  at  Islington,  may  have  been  his  father. 
I  have  no  data  at  hand  to  confirm  this. 
The  name  of  Elstob  still  occurs  in  the 
'  London  Directory  '  ;  perhaps  a  genealogy 
exists.  ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

PETER  COURAYER  ON  ANGLICAN  ORDERS 
(11  S.  iv.  330).— Father  Pierre  Francois 
Le  Courayer's  book,  written  in  French,  on 
the  validity  of  Anglican  orders,  was  pub- 
lished in  1723.  In  1725  the  Rev.  Daniel 
Williams  published  an  English  translation, 
of  which  a  second  edition  appeared  in  1728. 
Both  editions  were  full  of  errors  of  transla- 
tion, but  no  further  English  translation 
was  published  until  1844,  when  "  the  old 
translation  of  Mr.  Williams,  collated  through- 
out with  the  original,  and  in  consequence 
almost  entirely  rewritten "  (to  quote  the 
title-page),  was  issued  by  John  Henry 
Parker  of  Oxford.  This  is  a  most  exhaustive 
work,  with  an  elaborate  introduction  by 
the  editor  (whose  name  is  not  given)  and 
voluminous  notes.  F.  SYDNEY  EDEN. 

There  is  an  edition  of  this  book  published 
by  Parker  of  Oxford  and  Rivingtons  of 
London,  dated  1844.  It  is  a  singularly 
complete  work,  and  contains  a  translation 
of  the  author's  original  '  Letter  to  the 
Translator,'  dated  from  Paris,  March,  1724, 
as  well  as  some  account  of  the  editions  which 
had  been  issued  up  to  that  time. 

WM.  NORMAN. 
[W.  C.  B.  is  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

WOOD  ENGRAVING  AND  PROCESS  BLOCK 
(11  S.  iv.  289). — Nowadays,  wood  engraving 
is  practically  confined  to  the  illustration  of 
catalogues  and  similar  productions ;  the 
original  is  very  seldom  used,  as  a  com- 
paratively small  number  of  impressions 
would  ruin  the  block.  Electros  are  now  so 


carefully  moulded  that  I  question  whether 
the  most  expert  could  say  positively  which 
was  employed.  I  know  printers  who  claim 
to  be  able  to  distinguish  between  the  two 
blocks  when  looking  at  a  sheet,  but  the 
few  correct  "hits"  I  have  come  across 
seem  to  be  more  in  the  nature  of  lucky 
guesses  than  real  identification.  Good, 
hard  stereos,  at  the  commencement  of  the 
run,  are  quite  as  difficult  to  detect  as  the 
electro. 

Process  blocks  are  of  two  kinds  :  half-tone 
and  line ;  and  here  again  electros — especially 
by  the  lead-moulding  process — are  quite 
as  indistinguishable  from  the  original.  Half- 
tones are  made  direct  from  the  article, 
drawings,  or  photographs  (the  last-named, 
in  the  majority  of  cases),  and  must  be 
worked  on  a  "  surfaced "  paper,  which  is 
called  by  various  titles:  art,  enamelled, 
super-calendered,  coated,  &c.  Paper  with 
a  distinct  grain,  giving  the  appearance  of 
the  original  canvas,  is  now  largely  used  for 
three-  or  four-  colour  reproductions  of  paint- 
ings. Line  blocks  are  zincoed  from  drawings, 
and  do  not  require  paper  with  so  high  a 
finish  as  the  half-tone.  Many  line  blocks 
have  a  close  resemblance  to  wood  engrav- 
ings, familiar  examples  of  this  being  Punch 
cartoons.  CHARLES  S.  BTJRDON. 

MILITARY  EXECUTIONS  (11  S.  iv.  8,  57, 
98,  157,  193,  237,  295,  354).—  The  Times 
for  5  October  had  a  long  dispatch  from 
Teheran  headed  '  Arshad  -  Ed  -  Dowleh's 
Death :  a  Dramatic  Scene.'  The  first 
firing-party  all  missed,  and  were  afterwards 
arrested. 

Even  more  dramatic  was  "  L' Execution 
du  General  Malet  [1812].  Recit  par 
E.  Marco  de  Saint-Hilaire,"  pp.  894T9  in 
Archives  de  r  Anthropologie  Criminelle, 
&c.,  xxv.  (1910).  This  is  an  exhibit  to 
Dr.  Lacassagne's  'Les  Executions  militaires 
des  Condamnes  a  Mort,'  pp.  881-93,  and 
'  Deux  Soldats  condamnes  a  Mort  en  1910,' 
pp.  900-2.  These  make  a  fair  sample  of 
the  excellent  articles  on  Military  Crimes, 
Mental  Diseases,  &c.,  in  this  periodical,  to 
the  twenty-five  years  of  which  an  index  was 
issued  early  this  year. 

ROCKINGHAM. 
Boston,  Mass. 

FILEY  BAY  :  MANORIAL  CUSTOM  (US.  iv. 
327). — The  net  extended  a  bow-shot  from 
the  shore,  and  I  intended  that  the  extract 
should  be  accompanied  by  a  reference  to 
10  S.  i.  85,  where  the  extent  of  a  deer-leap 
is  said  to  be  a  bow-shot  ;  see  11  S.  iv.  138. 

W.  C.  B. 


414 


NOTES  AND  Q IJERIES.       tn  s.  iv.  NOV:  is,  1011, 


NELSON:  "MUSLE"  (11  S.  iv.  307,  351,  373). 
— I  must  thank  MB.  CLAYTON  for  his  satis- 
factory answer  (p.  351)  to  my  query.  I 
would  ask  him  to  increase  his  kindness  and 
say  what  part  of  the  country  his  mother 
came  from.  According  to  Bonn's  '  Hand- 
book of  Proverbs  '  and  to  Lean's  '  Collec- 
tanea ' — which  I  have  consulted  since  seeing 
MR.  CLAYTON'S  reply — the  expression  is 
Scottish.  It  is  difficult  to  see  the  Scottish 
connexion  with  Nelson.  I  feel  little  doubt 
that  the  bivalve  was  meant — Bonn's  editor 
seemingly  had  some,  and  gave  the  double 
spelling  ;  but  can  any  one — except  in  a 
medical  sense — talk  of  "  life  in  a  muscle  "  ? 
J.  K.  LAUGHTON. 

SIB,  FRANCIS  DRAKE,  "  UNUS  DE  CON- 
SORTIO  MEDII  TEMPLI  "  (11  S.  iv.  347).— 
If  it  is  doubtful  whether  Sir  Francis  Drake 
was  a  member  of  the  Middle  Temple,  it  is 
still  more  open  to  question  whether  "  he 
was  actually  a  member  of  the  Inner  Temple." 
His  name  is  not  included  in  the  list  of  mem- 
bers (1547-1660)  published  by  the  Inn.  The 
entry  of  28  Jan.  (not  July),  1582,  states  : 
"  Admission  of  Sir  Francis  Drake,  Knight, 
upon  ^a  fine  at  the  discretion  of  the  Trea- 
surer "  ;  but  Mr.  Inderwick  remarks  in  his 
Introduction  (p.  Ixxxviii),  "  Whether  Drake 
ever  took  up  his  admission  the  records  do 
not  show."  Not  one  of  the  other  great 
Elizabethan  seamen  has  his  name  inscribed 
on  the  books  of  the  Inner  Temple,  while 
Frobisher,  Hawkins,  Vere,  Norris,  and 
Raleigh  were  all  members  of  the  Middle 
Temple.  Drake,  of  course,  might  have 
been  the  exception  to  the  rule,  but  Mr. 
Inderwick' s  observation  is  weighty  against 
the  probability.  C.  E.  A.  BED  WELL. 

Middle  Temple  Library. 

MARY  JONES'S  EXECUTION,  1771  (11  S.  iv. 
347). — The  contemporary  account  of  the 
trial  of  Mary  Jones  is  to  be  found  in  the 
Proceedings,'  &c.,  held  at  the  Old  Bailey, 
11-24  Sept.,  1771,  being  the  seventh  session 
in  the  Mayoralty  of  the  lit.  Hon.  Brass 
Crosby,  Lord  Mayor,  No.  7,  Part  I.  p.  418. 
From  the  evidence  it  appeared  that  Mary 
Jones,  in  conjunct  ion  with  another  woman, 
who  was  acquitted,  went  to  about  fifteen 
shops  and  attempted  to  steal  various  articles. 
She  succeeded  in  taking  52  yards  of  worked 
muslin,  value  51.  10s.  One  of  the  witnesses 
gave  evidence  as  to  there  being  three  other 
confederates  waiting  outside  the  shops  that 
the  prisoners  entered.  They  were  occupied 
in  these  attempts  at  theft  from  three  till 
six  o'clock.  The  report  of  the  trial  is  com- 
pressed into  about  60  lines  of  double  column, 


and  is  therefore  somewhat  meagre.  There 
is  sufficient,  however,  to  show  that  the  crime 
was  not  one  occasioned  by  sudden  impulse, 
and  in  those  days  the  punishment  of  death 
was  the  usual  sentence.  Sir  Harry  Poland, 
in  his  lecture  on  '  Changes  in  Criminal  Law 
and  Procedure  since  1800'  ('Century  of 
Law  Reform :  Lectures  delivered  at  the 
request  of  the  Council  of  Legal  Education,' 
8vo,  1901),  states  that  "  over  200  cases  were 
capital  at  the  beginning  of  the  nineteenth 
century."  The  case  of  Mary  Jones  doubt- 
less occasioned  special  Sympathy  on  account 
of  her  youth,  good  looks,  and  the  fact  that 
her  husband  had  been  pressed.  I  am  afraid, 
however,  that  the  Old  Bailey  Sessions 
Papers,  to  which  I  have  referred,  contain  far 
more  pitiful  incidents. 

J.  E.  LATTON  PICKERING. 
Inner  Temple  Library. 

The  report  of  the  trial  of  Mary  the  wife 
of  William  Jones,  and  Ann  Styles,  spinster, 
who  were  indicted  for  stealing  "  4  pieces  of 
worked  muslin,  containing  52  yards,  value 
5l.  10s.,  the  property  of  William  Foot,  pri- 
vately in  his  shop,  August  7,"  will  be  found 
in  the  '  Sessions  Papers,'  vol.  xlvii.  p.  418. 
Mary  Jones  was  found  guilty  and  condemned 
to  death,  but  Ann  Styles  was  acquitted. 

G.  F.  R,  B. 
[J.  T.  is  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (11  S. 
iv.  329).— 

When  I  lie  in  the  cold  brown  earth. 
Mrs.  Dinah  Maria    Craik    (nee  Mulock),   in 
poems,  1852,  has, 

Say  not  that  she  did  well  or  ill. 
Only,  "  She  did  her  best." 

R.  A.  POTTS. 

Surely  MR.  TUDOR' s  quotation  should  be 
written  in  one  ten-syllabled  line — 
It  chanced— Eternal  God  that  chance  did  guide. 

G.  R. 

GROSVENOR  SQUARE  :  ITS  ORIGIN  (11  S. 
iv.  327).  —  Sir  Thomas  Grosvenor  of  Eaton, 
Bart.  (ob.  1700),  married,  1676,  in  her 
twelfth  year,  the  wealthy  and  unfortunate 
Mary,  dau.  and  h.  of  Alexander  Davies  (or 
Davis)  of  Ebury,  co.  Middlesex,  scrivener, 
whose  father,  John  Davies  of  Old  Jewry, 
draper,  married  Mary,  dau.  and  h.  of  Stephen 
Peacock,  husband  of  Elizabeth,  coh.  of 
her  brother,  Hugh  Audley  of  the  Inner 
Temple,  the  usurer,  who  died  "  great," 
by  repute,  and  "  infinitely  rich,"  on  15  Nov., 
1662  ;  his  land  in  London  was  fairly  co- 
terminous with  the  later  Mayfair.  Mary 


n  s.  iv.  NOV.  is, 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


415 


Davies,  who,  it  is  said,  passed  her  childhood 
in  Bourdon  House,  Davies  Street,  brought 
the  united  Audley  and  Goring  and  Ebury 
{Pimlico  and  Belgravia)  estates  in  marriage 
to  Sir  Thomas.  Their  son  Sir  Richard 
Grosvenor,  4th  Bart.,  began  to  build  on  the 
Audley  (Hyde,  or  Mayfair)  estate  with 
Hanover  Square  in  1718-19,  when  John 
Price  was  planning,  and  had  just  begun  to 
build  for  Lord  Harley  (Oxford)  in  Maryle- 
bone  Fields,  what  is  now  Lord  Howard  de 
Walden's  property. 

The  laying- out  of  Cavendish  and  Hanover 
Squares  on  the  common  axis  of  Holies 
Street,  Harewood  Place,  and  George  Street 
seems  to  indicate  that  the  two  ground 
landlords  mutually  communicated  their 
projects  and  plans.  Grosvenor  Square, 
654ft.  by  654ft.,  is  plotted  and  named 
in  the  Mackays'  large-scale  survey,  1725, 
of  the  parish  of  St.  George,  Hanover  Square, 
as  reconstituted  afresh  on  25  March  of  that 
year.  Kent  laid  out  the  Square,  garden  : 
one  would  like  to  know  if  he  took  further 
share  in  the  planning  of  Mayfair,  and  if 
Price  shared  in  it  too.  Most  of  the  parish 
had  been  taken  out  of  that  of  St.  Martin-in- 
the-Fields  ;  Grosvenor  Square  was  plotted 
near  to  "  Oliver's  Mount,"  and  athwart 
the  line  of  forts  thrown  up  around  the  town 
in  1643.  The  renumbering  of  all  the 
houses  in  1888,  and  some  renumbering,  with 
rebuilding,  since,  to  the  confusion  of  honest 
chroniclers,  have  resulted  in  the  substitution 
of  51  new  door-numbers  for  49  old.  As 
the  alterations  appear  to  be  unrecorded, 
I  may  mention  that  the  old  and  the  (last) 
new  numbers  stand  thus,  the  old  being 
printed  in  italics — Nos.  1-7  (1—7)  ;  8,  9, 
10  (9)  ;  11  (11)  ;  12-15  (12-15)  ;  16  (15 A.)  ; 
17-20  (16-19)  ;  21  (19A)  ;  22  (19s)  ;  23-32 
(20-29)  ;  (29 A)  ;  35-51  (30-46).  Of  these 
numbers  (old)  39,  now  44,  was  Lord  Har- 
rowby's  at  the  time  of  the  Cato  Street  con- 
spiracy ;  9  was  the  first  Lord  Lytton's  ; 
xS,  Lord  Derby's,  built  in  1773  by  Adam  ; 
30,  John  Wilkes's;  2,  W.  Beckford's ; 
32,  Duchess  of  Bolton's ;  and  24,  Lord 
Shaftesbury  the  philanthropist's.  The  re- 
building comprises  two  houses  on  the  north 
side — one  of  them  being  Lord  Derby's — 
and  those  now  numbered  3,  4,  22-3,  26-7, 
30,  38-9,  and  40-1-2. 

Much  further  information  about  the  pro- 
perty, and  the  building  and  rebuilding  on 
the  estates,  will  be  found  in  The  Builder 
of  6  July,  1901,  with  illustrations,  and  a 
reproduction  of  the  Mackays'  survey  of  the 
parish — a  fine  piece  of  work.  Charles  Mackay 
£tnd  his  son  Charles,  "  mathematicians," 


made  the  survey  to  a  1  in.  to  10  poles 
scale  in  1724-5,  upon  skins  of  vellum,  and 
presented  it  to  the  Vestry  ;  it  is  now,  I 
believe,  in  the  Mount  Street  Library.  On 
the  plan  are  inscribed  a  "List  of  the  Lords 
Spiritual  and  Temporal  present  Inhabitants 
of  the  Parish,"  a  painfully  detailed  rehearsal 
of  a  visitation  and  marking  of  the  new 
bounds  on  "  Ascension  day,  being  May  the 
14th,  1725,"  and  other  particulars.  Mr. 
Herbert  Siev eking' s  happy  citation  of  the 
survey  some  months  since  ended  for  ever 
the  long  and  much-vexed  controversy  con- 
cerning the  exact  site  of  the  gallows  when 
permanent,  at  Tyburn.  The  survey  de- 
lineates the  triple  gallows  with  a  boundary- 
mark  on  "  the  S.E.  Leg  of  Tyburn  where 
S"  G  was  mark'd." 

The  estate  muniments  contain  Henry 
Morgan's  "  mapp  or  plot  of  the  Lordship  of 
Eburie  being  situated  in  the  Parish  of 
Saint  Martins  in  the  Fields  Mrs.  Mary 
Dammison  [sic]  being  Proprietess,"  to  a 
1  in.  to  10  perches  scale,  53  in.  by  23  in., 
1675.  Confer  also  Rhodes' s  plan  of  the 
parish,  1761,  a  drawn  plan  in  the  Grace 
Collection  of  the  Mayfair  property  as  in 
1723,  with  the  intended  streets  around 
Grosvenor  Square,  and  the  survey,  in  the 
King's  Library,  British  Museum,  of  "  Mr. 
Audley' s  land  "  as  in  or  about  1710. 

W.    E.    D.-MlLLIKEN. 

"  OLD  CLEM  "  :  '  GREAT  EXPECTATIONS  ' 
(US.  iv.289,  354). — But  for  MR.  APPERSON'S 
reply,  I  should  have  said  that  here  is  the 
song  Joe  Gargery  sang. 3  It  will  be  found  in 
Hone's  '  Everyday  Book,'  vol.  i.  pp.  749-51  : 

Come,  all  you  Vulcans  stout  and  strong, 

Unto  St.  Clem  we  do  belong. 

I  know  this  house  is  well  prepared 

With  plenty  of  money  and  good  strong  beer, 

And  we  must  drink  before  we  part, 

All  for  to  cheer  each  merry  heart. 

Come,  all  you  Vulcans  strong  and  stout, 

Unto  St.  Clem  I  pray  turn  out ; 

For  now  St.  Clem's  going  round  the  town, 

His  coach  and  six  goes  merrily  round. 

Huzza-a-a. 

A  rime  like  prepared  and  beer  hardly  seems 
worthy  of  the  smiths.  I  should  have  thought 
their  poet  would  have  made  use  of  cheer; 
3ut  then  one  is  always  trying  to  help  people 
who  knew  better  than  oneself,  and  that  is 
why  there  is  so  much  Shakespeare  emenda- 
ion.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

I  am'much  obliged  to  MR.  APPERSON,  and 
also  to  another  correspondent  who  has 
written  to  me  privately,  for  drawing  my 
attention  to  '  The  Jolly  Blacksmith ' 


416 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       tn  s.  iv.  NOV.  is,  1911. 


song  as  given  in  The  Folk-lore  Journal. 
It  does  not,  however,  seem  to  me  at  all  to 
fit  in  with  the  song  indicated  by  Dickens. 
These  are  his  words  : — 

"  It  was  a  song  that  imitated  the  measure  of 
beating  upon  iron,  and  was  a  mere  lyrical  excuse 
for  the  introduction  of  Old  Clem's  respected  name. 
Thus  you  were  to — 

Hammer,  boys,  round — Old  Clem  ! 

With  a  thump  and  a  sound — Old  Clem  ! 

Beat  it  out,  beat  it  out — Old  Clem  ! 

With  a  clink  for  the  stout — Old  Clem  ! 

Blow  the  fire,  blow  the  fire— Old  Clem  ! 

Roaring  drier,  soaring  higher — Old  Clem  !  " 

Dickens  runs  this  all  on  as  prose  ;  but  I 
have  taken  the  liberty  of  setting  it  out  in 
lines,  the  better  to  accentuate  the  rime. 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

The  Elms,  Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

COL.  GORDON  IN  '  BARNABY  RUDGE  ' 
(11  S.  i.  11,  74). — At  the  latter  reference 
the  threat  put  into  the  mouth  of  "  Col. 
Gordon"  by  Dickens  (' Barnaby  Rudge,' 
chap,  xlix.)  is  attributed,  on  the  authority 
of  Lord  Stanhope's  '  History  of  England,' 
to  Col.  Murray,  "  one  of  Lord  George's 
kinsmen." 

It  is  quite  possible  that  more  than  one 
member  of  Parliament  threatened  Lord 
George  Gordon  with  death  on  the  occasion 
referred  to.  In  the  '  Dictionary  of  National 
Biography  '  we  read  under  "  Holroyd,  John 
Baker,  first  Earl  of  Sheffield  "  :— 

"  When  the  famous  petition  from  the  Pro- 
testant Association  was  presented  to  the  House 
of  Commons  by  Lord  George  Gordon  on  2  June, 
1780.  Holroyd  laid  hold  of  Lord  George,  saying  : 
'  Hitherto  I  have  imputed  your  conduct  to  mad- 
ness, but  now  I  perceive  that  it  has  more  of  malice 
than  madness  in  it  '  ;  adding  at  the  same  time 
that  if  any  of  the  mob  made  an  entrance  into  the 
house  he  would  instantly  inflict  summary  ven- 
geance on.  his  lordship  as  the  instigator." 

Sir  Walter  Besant  writes  : — 

"  His  [Lord  George's]  cousin,  General  Murray, 
actually  followed  him  sword  in  hand,  ready  to 
kill  him  on  the  first  appearance  of  the  mob." — 
'  London  in  the  Eighteenth  Century,'  1902,  p.  486. 

In  the  Parliament  of  29  November,  1774, 
to  1  September,  1780,  there  was  only  one 
Murray,  viz.,  .Col.  (later  Major- General) 
James  Murray  of  Strowan,  member  for 
Perthshire.  John  Baker  Holroyd,  elected 
at  a  by-election  15  February,  1780,  was 
member  for  Coventry.  The  latter,  as  leader 
of  the  Northumberland  Militia,  took  an 
active  part  in  suppressing  the  Gordon  riots. 
ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

BURIAL  INSCRIPTIONS  (11  S.  iv.  348). — 
For  copies  of  the  monumental  inscriptions  in 
the  mortuary  chapel  see  the  '  Brief  History 


of  St.  George's  Chapel,  Hyde  Park  Place, 
Cumberland  Gate,  W.,'  by  Cecil  Moore,  pub- 
lished by  Hatchards.  There  is  no  date  on 
the  title-page,  but  the  preface  is  dated 
"  Advent,  1883."  G.  F.  B.  B. 

The  inscriptions  in  the  burial-ground  of 
St.  George's,  Hanover  Square,  in  the  Bays- 
water  Road,  were  printed  in  Miscellanea 
Genealogica  et  Heraldica,  vol.  iii.,  Second 
Series,  p.  125,  and  subsequent  volumes. 

GEO.  J.  ARMYTAGE. 

Kirkley  Park,  Brighouse. 

JESSIE     BROWN     AND     THE    RELIEF     OF 

CKNOW  (11  S.  iv.  328).— See  '  N.  &  Q.,' 
2  S.  v.  147,  425  ;    7  S.  iii.  408,  483.     At  the 
econd  reference  it  is  stated  that  there  was 
no  Jessie  Brown  in  Lucknow,  and  that  the 
78th  did  not  play  their  pipes.     In  a  news- 
oaper  article  dated   3  May,    1889,   drawing 
attention    to    '  The    Music    of    the    British 
Army,'  contributed  to  The  National  Review 
or  May,  1889,  by  Mr.  F.  J.  Crowest,  refer- 
ence is  made  to  "  a  certain  Highland  lassie 
hut    up    in   Lucknow    during   the   Mutiny, 
and  straining  ears  and  eyes  for  the  tokens 
of  .coming  relief."     It  goes  on  to  say  : — 

"  This  Highland  lassie  never  lived  in  the  flesh, 
but  was  an  imaginative  creation  of  a  lady  who  had 
cultivated  her  ruling  faculty  by  much  writing  for 
the  newspapers  and  magazines.  This  lady  thought 
that  a  Highland  lassie  in  the  beleaguered  city 
would  be  good  copy. 

"  The    Highland   lassie    of    Lucknow,    in   fact, 
made  the  tour  of  the  world  of  print,  and  though 
there  is  absolutely  not  one  word  of  truth  in  her, 
he,   probably,   will  not  receive  her  official  and 
final  contradiction  until  the  Judgment  Day." 

I  have  seen  it  stated  that  Jessie  Brown 
was  the  wife  of  a  corporal. 

R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

Sandgate. 

Full  details  of  the  incident  mentioned 
appeared  in  The  Illustrated  London  Neius 
of  19  December,  1857.  They  are  given  in  a 
letter  written  "  by  a  lady,  one  of  the  rescued 
party."  Jessie  Brown  is  therein  referred  to 
as  "  the  wife  of  a  corporal  in  my  husband's 
regiment."  The  letter  ends  as  follows  : — 

"  Jessie  was  presented  to  the  General  on  his 
entrance  into  the  fort,  and  at  the  officers'  banquet 
her  health  was  drunk  by  all  present,  while  the 
pipers  marched  round  the  table  playing  once 
more  the  familiar  air  of  '  Auld  lang  syne.'  " 

Some  time  in  the  early  sixties  a  song  was. 
published  entitled  '  Jessie's  Dream,'  music 
by  John  Blockley,  words  by  Grace  Camp- 
bell. Prefixed  to  the  song  is  an  account 
similar  to  that  published  in  The  Illustrated 
London  News.  It  purports  to  be  an  extract 
'\from  a  letter  written  by  M.'de  Banneroi, 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  is,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


417 


a  French  physician  in  the  service  of  Mussur 
Rajah,"  who  relates  the  incident  "  as 
described  by  a  lady,  one  of  the  rescued 
party."  A  picture  of  the  scene  occupies 
the  principal  part  of  the  title-page  of  the 
song.  JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

NORRIS  SURNAME  (11  S.  iv.  349). — 
Bardsley  gives  the  origin  correctly.  The 
old  spelling  was  Noreis  or  Norreis,  which 
simply  means  "  a  Norwegian"  or  a  "  Norse- 
man "  :  one  who  came  from  Norway.  These 
forms  are  Anglo-French.  Continental  French 
employs  oi  for  A.-F.  ei,  and  so  has  the  form 
Norrois. 

The  name  is  very  old  ;  it  occurs,  meaning 
*'  Norman  "  or  "  Normans,"  in  Wace  and 
Gaimar.  WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

The  name  Norris  appears  to  be  of  French 
origin  and  to  mean  Northerner  or  Norwegian. 
It  appears  as  early  as  the  twelfth  century 
in  Geoffry  Gaimar's  '  Estorie  des  Engles,' 
where  it  is  used  to  designate  the  Norsemen : 

A  Fulef ord  se  combatirent, 

Norreis  idonc  le  champ  venquirent  ; 

Mais  d'ambes  parz  out  grant  occise 

Puis  ont  Norreis  la  terre  prise  ; 

and  again: — 

Quinte  jur  apres  reis  Harold  vint 
Centre  Norreis  bataille  tint. 
Co  fu  Harald  fiz  Godewine, 
Ki  des  Norheis  fit  discipline. 
Co  fut  al  Punt-de-la-Bataille  : 
Norreis  trovat,  pernant  almaille. 

See  '  Monumenta  Historica  Britannica ' 
(1848),  p.  827. 

The  barons  who  were  hostile  to  King  John 
were  known  as  "  Norenses "  or  North- 
countrymen,  despite  the  fact  that  they 
resided  in  various  parts  of  the  country.  It 
was  probably  as  common  in  the  forms  Le 
Noreis,  Norres,  Noreys,  &c.,  meaning  from 
the  North,  as  were  Le  Surrey  and  Le 
Southern  (the  latter  still  retained  in  the 
forms  Sothern  and  Sotheran),  meaning 
from  the  South.  It  is  probable,  though, 
that  it  has  been  confounded  with  La  Noryce, 
La  Nourrice,  which  we  still  have  in  the 
English  names  Nurrish  and  Nourse. 

THOMAS  Wat.  HUCK. 

Saffron  Walden. 

(1)  "  The  man  from  the  North  ";  (2)  offi- 
cial, "  the  nurse."  M.E.  Norice.  Earliest 
date,  1273,  "Noreis";  and  see  under 
*'  Nurse  "  (Bardsley's  '  Surnames  '). 

Noris. — French,  a  personal  name.  Norice 
in  '  Roll  of  Battell  Abbey  '  ;  Le  Norreis  in 
*  Rot.  Obi.  et  Fin.'  (Barber's  '  British  Family 
Names').  F.  B.  M. 


MYTTON:  HARDWICKE'S  SHROPSHIRE  PEDI- 
GREES (US.  iv.  327).— With  reference  to 
the  collection  of  Shropshire  pedigrees  now 
in  the  possession  of  MR.  HASLEWOOD,  some 
account  of  the  compiler  may  perhaps  find 
a  place  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  There  is  no  mention 
of  him  in  '  D.N.B.' 

William  Hardwicke  was  born  on  12  Janu- 
ary, 1772,  in  an  old  house  (once  the  property 
of  the  Ouseley  family)  at  Allscote,  in  the 
parish  of  Worfield,  near  Bridgnorth.  He  was 
educated  at  a  school  kept  by  Mr.  Isaac 
Dixon  at  Great  Barr,  in  the  county  of 
Stafford ;  and  soon  after  leaving  school 
was  articled  to  Mr.  John  Smith,  a  Wolver- 
hampton  solicitor.  After  being  himself 
admitted  a  solicitor,  Mr.  Hardwicke  practised 
for  many  years  at  Bridgnorth  in  partnership 
with  Mr.  Thomas  Devey  ;  and,  after  Mr. 
Devey's  death,  was  appointed  Registrar  of 
the  Court  of  the  Royal  Peculiar  of  Bridg- 
north, which  then  had  exempt  jurisdiction 
in  the  Diocese  of  Hereford  for  the  regis- 
tration' of  wills.  This  appointment  gave 
him  great  opportunities  for  indulging  his 
taste  for  genealogical  research  ;  and  he  is 
said  to  have  spent  all  his  leisure  in  pursuit 
of  this  taste.  Being  well  known  and 
popular,  he  was  allowed  to  have  free  access 
to  deeds  and  family  papers  belonging  to  his 
friends  ;  but  though  he  made  large  collec- 
tions of  MSS.,  and  established  a  reputation 
as  a  correct  genealogist  and  a  learned  anti- 
quary, he  does  not  appear  to  have  printed 
anything  beyond  occasional  contributions 
to  The  Gentleman's  Magazine.  The  results 
of  his  work  in  the  muniment  rooms  and 
among  the  parish  registers  of  South  Shrop- 
shire have  never  been  published. 

Mr.  Hardwicke  was  married  on  11  July, 
1803,  at  the  church  of  St.  Mary  Magdalene, 
Bridgnorth,  to  Charlotte,  the  only  daughter 
of  John  Beamond  of  Aldress,  in  the  parish 
of  Chirbury,  by  whom  he  had  a  numerous 
family.  He  died  at  Barmouth  on  12  Febru- 
ary, 1843,  and  was  buried  in  the  churchyard 
of  Llanaber.  W.  A.  PECK. 

Lincoln's  Inn. 

BAGSTOR  SURNAME  (US.  iv.  170,  213).— 
Has  Bagster  really  any  connexion  with 
Baxter  and  its  derivation,  as  given  by  PROF. 
SKEAT  ?  Does  it  not  come  from  Bag  with 
ster  affixed,  and  mean  "  one  who  bags,"  or 
"  fills  bags  "  ;  possibly  also  "  one  who  makes 
bags  "  ?  In  the  former  sense  it  occurs  in 
Sir  Walter  Scott's  '  St.  Ronan's  Well,' 
chap,  x.,  in  the  scene  between  Mowbray  and 
his  agent  Meiklewham.  Meiklewham  says 
to  Mowbray,  "If  you  are  so  certain  of  being 
the  bagster — so  very  certain,  I  mean,  of 


418 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES,      --fiis.lv.  NOV.  18,1911. 


sweeping  stakes — what  harm  will  Miss  Clara 
come  to  by  your  having  the  use  of  her 
siller?"  Mowbray  expected  to  "bag" 
10,OOOZ.  at  play,  if  only  he  could  get  500Z. 
to  stake  in  the  gamble. 

ALEX.  W ARRACK. 
Oxford. 

HISTORY  OF  ENGLAXD  WITH  RIMING 
VERSES  (US.  iv.  168,  233,  278,  375).— May 
I  say  under  this  heading  that  the  riming 
verses  mentioned  by  me  at  9  S.  x.  330,  and 
concerning  which  a  correspondent  inquired 
at  10  S.  x.  228,  were,  I  have  every  reason  to 
believe,  written  by  my  aunt,  the  late  Mrs, 
Everard  Healey,  in  the  fifties  or  early  sixties  ? 
Although  I  know  the  whole  of  our  kings  and 
queens  from  William  I.  to  Victoria  were 
included  in  the  verses,  I  have  so  far  been 
unable  to  find  any  complete  manuscript  or  to 
come  across  any  one  who  could  remember 
more  than  I  printed  at  9  S.  x.  330. 

I   have,    however,    recently   turned    up    a 
manuscript  of  the  lines  commencing — 
The  Romans  in  England  long  did  sway. 
It  appears  to  have  been  copied  by  my  late 
mother,   as  it  bears  her  maiden  name  and 
is  dated  26  January,  1850.     It  finishes  thus — 
May  our  present  Victoria  long  rule  us  in  love, 
And  the  young  Prince  of  Wales  be  bless' d  from 

above. 

The  '  History  of  England  in  Verse,'  by 
A.  Rossendale,  mentioned  by  MR.  ALECK 
ABRAHAMS  at  the  last  reference,  was  the 
work  of  the  Rev.  Albany  Rossendale  Lloyd, 
who  in  some  of  his  publications  used  his 
second  Christian  name  as  a  surname.  I 
believe  its  price  was  sixpence. 

To  the  numerous  references  already  given 
may  be  added  7  S.  iv.  66. 

JOHX  T.  PAGE. 

As  a  schoolboy  in  the  early  sixties  I 
remember  lines  which  have  not  been  quoted. 
As  far  as  memory  serves  me  they  com- 
menced : — 

The  Britons  of  old  were  the  lords  of  the  land. 
But  bowed  for  five  ages  to  Roman  command  ; 
Then  conquering  Saxons  the  people  enthralled, 
And  formed  seven  kingdoms,  the  Heptarchy  call' d  ; 
But  these  seven  kingdoms  were  soon  overthrown 
By  Egbert,*who  reigned  over  England  alone,  &c. 

J.  E.  LATTOX  PICKERING. 
Inner  Temple  Library. 

Probably  the  latest  of  these  lucubrations 
is  a  song,  the  words  and  music  of  which 
are  composed  by  one  John  J.  Cauchois 
(author  of  'Our  Presidents,'  1789  to  1910). 
It  was  published  in  the  United  States  last 
year,  under  the  title  of  '  Sovereigns  of 


England,  1066  to  1910,'  and  dedicated  to 
"  The  United  Kingdom  of  Great  Britain 
in  memory  of  King  Edward  the  Seventh." 
I  will  confine  myself  to  quoting  the  last 
verse  (there  are  three)  and  refrain  : — 
Next  in  line  was  Charles  the  Second,  joyful  for  his 

own ; 
James  the  Second  followed  him,  he  fled  and  lost 

the  throne. 
After  him  King  William  Third,  Prince  Soldier  of 

renown, 
Mary  Second,  next  Queen  Anne,  then  George  First 

wore  the  Crown. 
George  the  Second,  George  the  Third,  who  lived 

to  good  old  age  ; 
George  the  Fourth,  then  William  Fourth,  we  add: 

to  hist'ry's  page. 
Queen    Victoria    next    in    turn,     King    Edward' 

Seventh,  son 
George  the  Fifth  succeeded  him,  his  reign  now" 

just  begun. 

God  save  our  glorious  land  ;  with  love  \ve  cling 
To  our  traditions  old  :  "  God  save  our  King.'* 

WrLLO'ITG-HBY  MAYCOCK. 

A    school  -  book,    Bartle's    '  History,'    in 
use  many  years  ago,  had  at  the  beginning 
a  condensed  history  in  rime,  which  began  : — 
In  55  and  54  ere  Jesus'  birth 
Came  Caesar  o'er. 

At  Hythe  or  Deal  on  Cantuar's  coast 
First  lands  the  mighty  Roman  host. 
'Twas  then  the  standard-bearer  cried 
When  dashing  in  the  surging  tide, 
"  Come,  fellow-soldiers,  follow  me, 
Or  the  standard  falls  to  th'  enemy." 

W.  BRADBROOK. 

THACKERAY:  WRAY  (US.  iv.  283,  333). 
—The  generic  similarity  of  the  names 
Thackwray  and  Dockwray  is  noticed  by 
Dr.  Barber  in  his  '  British  Family  Names  ' 
(1894),  p.  208.  He  ascribes  Dockray  and 
Dockwra  to  a  local  name  in  Cumberland. 
It  is  singular,  however,  that  he  makes  no 
mention  of  the  family  name  Dacre.  But 
in  the  preface  (p.  ix)  of  S.  Baring-Gould's 
'Family  Names  and  their  Story'  (1910) 
we  read  :— 

"  The  Dacres  no  doubt  in  some  cases  derive 
from  a  crusading  ancestor  who  won  distinction  at 
Acre  ;  but  in  most  instances  take  their  name 
from  a  village  near  Penrith  so  called  ;  and  a 
Ranulph  de  Dacre,  co.  Cumberland,  who  figures 
in  the  '  Placita  quo  waranto  '  in  the  reign  of 
Edward  I.,  certainly  was  designated  after  this 
village." 

In  Surtees  Society's  vol.  xcvi.  occur  the 
following  f  forms  —  Dokweray,  Dokwraa, 
Dokray.  In  Flower's  '  Visitation  of  York- 
shire '  Dokeraa  appears.  If  the  name  that 
was  originally  Dacre  or  D'Acre  has  been 
corrupted  into  these  forms,  may  not  Thack- 
wray also  be  one  of  the  varieties  ?  In  point 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  is,  mi.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


419 


of  date  Dacre  appears  prior  to  any  Thack- 
wray  record,  and  through  the  first  vowel 
in  each  being  alike,  a  kinship  superior  even 
to  that  claimed  for  Dockwra  is  manifest. 
It  may  have  been  owing  to  the  Saxon  or 
English  habit  of  using  the  sound  th,  where 
a  Norman  or  Frenchman  would  use  a  pure 
dental,  that  an  easier  prelude  to  the  guttural 
ac  obtained  in  Thackeray.  The  Norman's  r, 
also,  well  pronounced  by  him,  would  be 
certain  to  prompt  his  English  hearers  to 
make  good  their  own  shortcomings  by  a 
firmer  vowel-termination. 

J.  N.  DOWLING. 
48,  Gough  "Road,  Edgbaston,  Birmingham. 

In  Northamptonshire  and   Warwickshire, 
too,  the  natives  generally  speak  of  thatch  as 
thack.     I  recall  an  old  couplet  well  known 
in  the  former  county  : — 
Thack  and  dyke 
Northamptonshire  like. 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

POPE'S  DESCRIPTION  or  SWIFT  (11  S.  iv. 
270,  314). — I  do  not  know  whether  the  text 
of  Malone's  selections  from  Spence's  MS. 
quoted  by  MR.  WHEELER  reads  "  look  of 
darkness,"  but  Singer's  edition  of  the 
'  Anecdotes '  and  Forster  in  his  '  Life  of 
Swift '  have  "  look  of  dulness." 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

HENRY  FIELDING  AND  THE  CIVIL  POWER 
(11  S.  iii.  486  ;  iv.  58,  277,  336).— I  have 
no  doubt  that  Henry  Fielding  was  the 
"Worshipful  Justice  Fielding"  of  The 
London  Morning  Penny  Post,  but  the  point 
is  not  so  certain  as  MR.  ROBBINS  thinks, 
because,  as  Miss  Godden  points  out  in  her 
'  Henry  Fielding,'  1910,  p.  219,  both  John 
and  Henry  appear  to  have  been  known  as 
"  Justice  Fielding  "  during  the  lifetime  of 
the  latter.  Henry  Fielding  was  sworn  in  as 
a  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  Westminster  on 
26  October,  1748,  and  on  13  January,  1749, 
as  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  Middlesex. 
His  work  in  this  dual  capacity  was  exceed- 
ingly heavy,  and  his  half-brother  John 
seems  to  have  assisted  him  for  some  years 
before  he  left  England  for  Lisbon.  In 
September,  1751,  cases  were  brought  before 
John  Fielding  and  others  "  at  Henry  Field- 
ing's house  in  Bow  Street "  ;  and  in  October, 
to  which  month  MR.  ROBBINS' s  extract 
belongs,  John  appears  among  the  Justices 
of  the  Westminster  Quarter  Sessions  (Middle- 
sex Records  Sessions  Books,  October,  1751). 
In  Mrs.  Charles  Calvert's  ballad,  "Field- 
ing's gang  "  refers  to  the  Bow  Street  runners, 
who  were  a  kind  of  police  force  under  the 


orders  of  the  magistrate  at  Bow  Street. 
Fielding  would  have  been  surprised  to  hear 
himself  called  "  the  celebrated  Bow  Street 
detective."  The  word  "  detective,"  for  an 
investigator  of  crime,  is  quite  a  modern 
term.  Sir  James  Murray's  first  date-quota 
tion  for  it  is  1843.  Unless  we  know  the  date 
of  the  ballad,  it  is  impossible  to  say  whether 
The  Times  or  The  Morning  Post  is  right,  as  the 
reference  may  be  to  either  of  the  brothers. 
W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 

Confining  my  reply  altogether  to  the 
query  of  ST.  SWITHIN  at  the  last  reference, 
whether  The  Morning  Post  or  The  Times 
comment  is  the  correct  one,  I  favour  that 
of  The  Morning  Post.  Both  Henry  Fielding 
and  his  half-brother  Sir  John  Fielding  were 
magistrates  for  Middlesex  and  Westminster. 
On  all  hands  Henry  is  admitted  to  have  been 
a  most  upright,  diligent,  and  efficient 
magistrate.  In  1751  he  published  his 
'  Inquiry  into  the  Increase  of  Robbers/ 
in  which  he  suggested  remedies,  which  were 
subsequently  adopted,  his  half-brother 
taking  a  leading  part  in  the  reforms.  At 
the  time  of  writing  his  '  Inquiry  '  Henry  was 
in  exceedingly  bad  health,  and  unable 
to  do  much  in  carrying  out  his  own  sugges- 
tions. In  1754  he  went  to  Lisbon  in  search 
of  health,  as  a  forlorn  hope,  and  died  there 
on  8  October  of  that  year. 

F.  A.  RUSSELL. 

4,  Nelgarde  Road,  Catford,  S.E. 

PIRATES  ON  STEALING  (11  S.  iv.  248). — 
The  quotation  is  from  '  Tom  Sawyer,'  the 
concluding  lines  of  the  twelfth  chapter.  P. 

WYMONDLEY  TRADITION  AND  JULIUS 
(11  S.  iv.  287). — Of  course  any 
connexion  of  Julius  Caesar  with  this  tree  is 
quite  out  of  the  question  ;  unless  indeed, 
as  MR.  GERISH  suggests,  Caesar  set  up  a 
mound  on  the  spot,  which,  having  remained 
for  1,200  years,  was  replaced  by  a  tree. 
This  seems  to  be  almost  equally  impossible. 
Whatever  age  tradition  may  assign  to  it,  the 
tree  is  probably  not  more  than  500  years  old. 
Chestnuts,  I  believe,  were  not  known  in 
this  country  earlier  than  that,  and  they 
cannot  be  compared  with  oaks,  which  have  a 
much  longer  life  ;  and  this  tree  has  certainly 
not  the  appearance  of  age  which  some  of 
the  older  oaks  have.  There  is  a  local 
tradition  that  the  tree  was  mentioned  in 
Domesday  Book.  This  is  entirely  mythical, 
as  are  the  numerous  similar  traditions 
relating  to  trees  (usually  oaks)  in  several 
of  the  English  counties. 

J.  FOSTER  PALMER. 


420 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        tn  s.  iv.  NOV.  is,  wii, 


on 


Recollections  of  a  Long  Life.  By  Lord  Broughton 
(John  Cam  Hobhouse).  With  Additional 
Extracts  from  his  Private  Diaries.  Edited  by 
his  Daughter,  Lady  Dorchester.  Vols.  V.  and 
VI.  With  Portraits.  (Murray.) 
THE  two  volumes  before  us.  complete  the  editor's 
4'  labour  of  filial  love,"  and  follow  Lord  Brough- 
ton's  career  up  to  22  April,  1852,  when  he  was 
invested  with  the  Order  of  the  Bath  at  Bucking- 
ham Palace.  He  did  not  die  till  1869,  and,  as 
the  Epitaph  printed  after  the  last  page  of  text 
records,  "  after  a  public  career  of  success  and 
honour,  found  unbroken  happiness  in  domestic 
repose,  which  he  adorned  by  his  rare  gifts  of 
scholarship  and  eloquence."  The  detailed  dis- 
cussions of  politics  in  the  pages  before  us  are 
occasionally  tedious  as  dealing  with  matters  long 
since  ventilated  in  a  dozen  histories,  but  we 
cannot  help  admiring  the  part  played  by  Hobhouse 
alike  in  Parliament  and  in  society.  We  are 
inclined,  indeed,  to  call  him  the  finest  gentleman 
of  his  time,  well  qualified  for  that  title  by  his 
diverse  gifts  and  the  good  use  he  made  of  them. 

The  vivid  interest  of  his  association  with  Byron 
is  lacking  for  these  later  years,  but  we  find  Hob- 
house  still  eager  about  Byron's  daughter  and 
Byron's  statue,  and  the  best  of  friends  ^  to  the 
poet's  memory.  Yet  he  was  no  blind  admirer,  for 
he  quotes  Macaulay's  remark  that  Byron  "  had 
but  one  hero  in  all  his  poems."  Of  that  over- 
powering talker  we  get  many  characteristic 
glimpses.  Once  the  diarist  is  able  to  correct  him, 
for  he,  too,  has  a  memory  which  can  be  appealed 
to  with  success.  Hobhouse  has,  too,  much  of 
that  intellectual  cxiriosity  which  is  more  charac- 
teristic of  the  eighteenth  century  than  our  own, 
and  his  pages  are  enlivened  with  many  curious 
notes,  stories  of  jests,  social  changes,  epigrams, 
&c.,  which  were  Well  worth  reproduction.  Of 
persons  he  was  a  shrewd  judge,  and  it  is  interest- 
ing to  see  his  record  of  waxing  and  waning  repu- 
tations. Pleasant  throughout  are  the  views  of 
Queen  Victoria  and  the  Court,  while  the  great 
.statesmen  of  the  day,  and  even  the  course  of 
Cabinet  meetings,  are  fully  sketched.  Melbourne, 
Palmerston,  and  Wellington  —  all  three  live  on  as 
potent  voices  when  most  of  their  contemporaries 
are  dead.  WTe  see  the  rise  of  "  Dizzy,"  who  speaks 
of  his  real  turn  for  classic  literature,  makes 
violently  brilliant  speeches,  and  takes  leave  of 
people  in  society  with  set  phrases.  Gladstone, 
too,  appears,  and  puzzles  people  with  a  speech 
•on  the  Maynooth  Grant  in  1845. 

The  infusion  of  humour  and  scholarship  in 
the  book  is  welcome.  Sydney  Smith  appears  in 
uproarious  spirits,  which  doubtless  commended 
the  moderate  wit  of  his  sayings.  Castlereagh's 
one  jest  is  much  better.  A  guest  of  Hobhouse 
once  heard  the  late  Duke  of  Cleveland  say,  when 
Virgil  was  mentioned,  "  Virgil  ?  Where  did  he 
live  ?  "  There  is  a  just  estimate  of  Thomas 
Campbell's  genius,  but  the  views  of  men  of  letters 
are  a  little  disappointing.  Carlyle,  seen  only  in 
a  glimpse  at  Bohn's  shop,  is  "  a  tall,  thin  man." 
Thackeray  is  "  a  most  agreeable  man,  very  tall 
and  big,  with  a  broken  nose,  and  always  wears 
spectacles."  Of  Tennyson's  poetry  the  diarist 
J'  said  something  disparaging,"  and  was  shocked 


to  find  that  '  In  Memoriam  '  was  dedicated  to 
the  son  of  the  Hallam  with  whom  he  was  break- 
fasting a£  Macaulay's. 

The  volumes,  which  present  to  us  a  figure  of 
exceptional  probity  and  brightness,  are  pro- 
duced in  a  style  worthy  of  their  contents. 

MB.  Pv.  B.  MCKERROW  has  begun  a  series  of 
reprints  of  some  minor  Elizabethan  and  Jacobean 
tracts,  printed  at  the  Oxford  University  Press, 
and  "  published  for  the  Editor "  by  Messrs. 
Sidgwick  &  Jackson.  The  first  two  volumes 
are  Weever' s  Epigrammes  in  the  oldest  cut  an'l 
newest  fashion,  1599,  and  Greenes  Newes  both 
from  Heauen  and  Hell,  by  B.  B.,  1593,  with 
Greenes  Funeralls,  by  B.  B.,  1594.  ,  The  object 
of  these  publications  is  to  put  within  the  reach 
of  students  works  of  great  rarity  which  exist  at 
most  in  only  one  or  two  copies,  and  are  conse- 
quently inaccessible  to  all  but  a  few  readers. 
The  series  is  thus  a  remarkable  tribute  to  the 
enthusiasm  of  the  learned  concerning  the  period, 
and  we  congratulate  Mr.  McKerrow,  who  is,  of 
course,  its  editor,  alike  on  the  form  of  the  books 
and  the  annotation  he  has  provided. 

In  themselves  the  authors  thus  honoured  are 
of  no  great  mark  ;  we  doubt  not,  indeed,  that 
there  are  better  epigrammists  than  Weever 
unprinted  to-day  ;  but  Weever  gives  us  a  remark- 
able early  reference  to  Shakespeare,  who  was 
further  mentioned  by  Mr.  McKerrow  in  a 
contribution  to  our  columns  concerning  his 
book  (ante,  p.  384).  There  is  a  good  deal 
of  broad  humour,  with  some  insight  into  the 
swindling  of  the  times,  in  the  volumes  before  us. 
Two  hundred  and  twenty-five  copies  only  for 
sale  have  in  each  case  been  printed.  '  Piers 
Plainnes  seauen  yeres  Prentiship,'  by  H.  C., 
1595,  and  '  Bubbe  and  a  Great  Cast,  and  Bunne 
and  a  Great  Cast,'  by  Thomas  Freeman,  1614,  are 
the  next  volumes  proposed,  but  their  issue  depends 
on  the  support  of  at  least  150  subscribers.  The 
price  (5s.)  is  moderate,  and  a  pledge  is  given  that 
it  will  not  be  reduced  by  "  remaindering." 


to  (K0msp0ttfonts« 

CORRESPONDENTS  who  send  letters  to  be  for- 
warded to  other  contributors  should  put  on  the  top 
left-hand  corner  of  their  envelopes  the  number  of 
the  page  of  '  N .  &  Q.'  to  which  their  letters  refer, 
so  that  the  contributor  may  be  readily  identified. 
Otherwise  much  time  has  to  be  spent  in  tracing  the 
querist. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries ' "—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub- 
lishers " — at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancerv 
Lane,  E.G. 

T.  RATCLIFFE  ("Points  for  men  :  pins  for  maids  ") 
—The  'N.E.D.'  defines  point,  II.  5,  as  "a  tagged 
lace  or  cord,  of  twisted  yarn,  silk,  or  leather,  for 
attaching  the  hose  to  the  doublet,  lacing  a  bodice, 
and  fastening  various  parts  where  buttons  are  now 
used."  The  quotations  for  this  sense  range  from 
1390  to  Sir  Walter  Scott. 

E.  LEGA-WEEKES.— Forwarded. 

CORRIGENDUM.— Ante,  p.  169,  col. 2,  1. 11,  for  "Sir 
John  Hare  "  read  St.  John  Hare. 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  2o,  WILD       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


421 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  XOVEMBEll  .W,  1011. 


CONTENTS.— No.  100. 

NOTES:— Frank  Nicholls,  M.D.,  421— Jubilee  of  the  Post 
Office  Savings  Bank,  423— Shakespeariana,  424— Corpora- 
tion of  London  and  the  Medical  Profession,  425— A 
Shakespeare  at  Barking,  1595 — Rhythm  and  Music — 
Metrical  Prose— "All  who  love  me  follow  me,"  426. 

QUERIES  :  — "  Sepurture  "—  Anquetil  Family  —  Spanish 
Titles  granted  to  Irishmen—' '  Salamander,"  a  Heavy  Blow, 
427  —  Authors  Wanted  —  George  Woodberry  —  Andrew 
Turnbull  of  Tweedmouth  —  Day  :  Freeman  :  Pyke  — 
Sheffield  Cutlery  in  1820,  428— J.  Innys— W.  Ives-J. 
Ivison— Southey's  Letters— "  Sabbath  day's  journey"— 
Father  Connolly,  Hymn-writer — Dr.  Theophilus  Leigh 

—  Bennett,  Lancashire  Murderer,   429  —  Cricket  Match, 
774— Evelyn  Hall— " Parkin "— " Fine  flower  of  poetry" 

—Traitors'  Gate,  430. 

REPLIES :— Miss  Howard  and  Napoleon  III.,  430— 'The 
Standard  Psalmist,'  433—"  Cytel "  in  Anglo-Saxon  Names 

—  "  FS.  =  3s.    2d."  —  Proprietary   Chapels  —  Touching   a 
Corpse,    434  —  "  Water-Suchy"  —  Halletts   of   Canons- 
Crosby    Hall  — Kelmscott   Press   Type,    435  — Arms   of 
Colonies  —  Manor  of  Milton- next -Gravesend  —  Authors 
Wanted  — Luck   Cups,    436— Spanish    Motto— Dates   in 
Roman  Numerals— Bristol  Cathedral  Clock — "Happen" 
— Marlowes— W.  Woollett— Penge  as  a  Place-Name— "  I 
am  paid  regular  wages,"  437— "Swale,"  "Sweal"— C.  F. 
Lawler— Noel,    Cook   to   Frederick   the    Great— Pears : 
"  Wardens"—"  Doyenn<$  du  Cornice  "—Lions  modelled  by 
Stevens  — Rev.  John  M 'Bride,  438— Queen  Elizabeth's 
Day  — '  Englische   Schnitzer '  —  '  Howden    Fair '—  Jessie 
Brown  at  Lucknow,  439. 

NOTES   ON    BOOKS  :  —  '  The     Cambridge     History     of 

English  Literature,'  Vol.  VII. 
Booksellers'  Catalogues. 
Notices  to  Correspondents. 


FRANK    NICHOLLS,    M.D. 

(See  11  S.  ii.   190,  295.) 

THE  inquiry  for  the  name  of  the  mother  of 
Dr  Frank  Nicholls  revived  in  my  mind  the 
feeling  that  his  eminence  in  his  profession 
justified  a  longer  memoir  than  that  which 
could  be  contained  in  the  '  D.N.B.,'  and  led 
to  the  composition  of  the  following  notice. 

His  father  was  John  Nicholls,  a  member 
of  the  family  owning  the  beautiful  estate 
of  Trereife  (situated  about  a  mile  from  the 
town  of  Penzance  in  Cornwall),  which  after- 
wards became  the  property  of  C.  V.  Le  Grice, 
the  friend  of  Charles  Lamb.  John  Nicholls 
was  born  in  1663,  sent  to  London  in  1680, 
&nd  after  having  "  served  a  laborious  clerk- 
ship "  was  in  1688  sworn  one  of  the  clerks 
of  the  High  Court  of  Chancery.  In  1705  he 
was  called  to  the  Bar  at  the  Middle  Temple, 
practised  for  some  years  with  success,  and 
then  returned  to  Trereife,  which  now 
belonged  to  him.  He  died  there  on  3  August, 
1714,  and  was  buried  at  Madron,  his  parish 


church,  a  characteristic  monument  being 
erected  to  his  memory.  His  wife  was  a 
daughter  of  Mr.  Foot  of  Truro  (C.  S.  Gilbert, 
'  Survey  of  Cornwall,'  ii.  209).  Three  sons 
and  one  daughter  survived  in  1714,  and  the 
second  of  the  sons  was  Frank  Nicholls. 

Frank  was  born  in  London  in  1699,  and, 
after  having  begun  his  education  at  a  private 
school  in  the  country,  was  sent  to  West- 
minster School.  He  was  entered  at  Exeter 
College  under  John  Haviland  on  4  March, 
1714/15  ;  matriculated  on  14  March,  when 
his  age  was  given  as  17;  and  continued  as  a 
sojourner  until  1  April,  1728.  His  degrees 
were  :  B.A.  14  Nov.,  1718  ;  M.A.  12  June, 
1721;  M.B.  16  Feb.,  1724/5;  and  M.D. 
16  March,  1729/30.  He  was  Reader  of 
Anatomy  at  the  University  of  Oxford, 
probably  from  about  1725,  and  held  the  office 
until  about  1745.  When  he  was  not  engaged 
in  these  lectures,  he  repaired  to  London  to 
prosecute  those  studies  in  anatomy  to  which 
he  was  devoted  throughout  life.  The  obser- 
vations which  formed  the  basis  of  his  paper 
in  the  Philos.  Trans,  for  1728  on  "  a  natural 
history  of  mines  and  minerals  "  were  made 
"  during  a  year's  stay  in  the  western  part 
of  Cornwall,"  but  a  practice  in  this  remote 
district  involved  much  fatigue,  and  did  not 
furnish  adequate  scope  for  his  energies. 

In  after  years  he  revisited  his  native 
county,  for  a  letter  written  by  E.  M.  Da  Costa 
to  him  in  January,  1770,  refers  to  some 
"  fine  minerals  "  which  he  had  lately  col- 
lected in  Cornwall.  But  from  1728  he  ceased 
to  live  there  (Nichols,  '  Illustrations  of 
Lit.,'  iv.  760). 

In  the  summer  of  1728  he  went  abroad. 
At  Amsterdam  he  examined  the  collections 
of  Fredrik  Ruysch  and  Albert  Seba,  the 
latter  of  whom  he  should  "  allways  esteem 
as  one  of  ye  most  curious  collectors  ye  world 
has."  He  was  at  Paris  in  November  and 
December,  1728,  and  rejoiced  that  as 
F.R.S. — he  had  been  elected  to  that  honour 
on  16  May — he  had  the  "  particular  honour  " 
of  sitting  with  the  Academy  at  its  meetings, 
and  was  not  relegated  to  a  gallery  from 
which  he  could  only  see  through  a  window. 
But  he  complained  of  the  "  badness  of  their 
wines  and  ye  meanness  of  their  entertain- 
ments," and  thought  of  leaving  for  Italy 
in  January,  and  so  "  home  again  by  next 
August  or  September"  (unpub.  MSS.  at  the 
Royal  Soc.). 

On  his  return  to  England  he  settled  in 
practice  at  London.  His  progress  in  his 
profession  was  probably  slow,  for  he  is 
mentioned  in  1730  as  a  candidate  for  the 
secretaryship  of  the  Royal  Society  ('Stukeley 


422 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s.  iv. NOV. 25, 1011. 


Diary,'  Surtees  Soc.,  vol.  Ixxiii.  p.  233). 
He  acquired  reputation  through  his  skill 
in  anatomy.  He  was  lecturing  on  that 
branch  of  medical  science  in  1728  (Wilks 
and  Bettany,  '  Guy's  Hospital,'  p.  87), 
became  F.R.C.P.  of  London  26  June,  1732, 
and  was  Censor  in  1735  and  1736.  In  1734 
and  again  in  1736  Nicholls  was  Gulstonian 
Reader  of  Pathology,  his  subject  in  the 
former  year  being  the  heart  and  its  circula- 
tion, and  in  the  latter  year  the  urinary 
organs  and  the  disease  of  stone.  In  1739 
he  read  the  Harveian  Oration,  which  was 
duly  printed  in  the  next  year  ;  and  for  a  term 
of  five  years  (from  30  August,  1746)  he  was 
Lumleian  Lecturer,  his  prcelectio  '  De  Anima 
Medica'  being  printed  in.  1750,  and  reprinted 
in  1771  and  1773.  He  was  appointed 
on  13  August,  1730,  Visceral  Lecturer  to 
the  United  Company  of  Barbers  and  Sur- 
geons •,  Osteology  Lecturer  on  17  July,  1735  ; 
and  on  19  August,  1736,  became  both 
Osteology  and  Muscular  Lecturer  (J.  F. 
South,  'Craft  of  Surgery,'  1886,  pp.  372-3). 

These  lectures  marked  a  new  era  in  the 
history  of  medicine.  The  young  students 
of  London,  and  not  a  few  from  Oxford  and 
Cambridge,  attended  them  in  crowds.  For 
"  the  novelty  of  his  discoveries,  the  grace- 
fulness of  his  manner,  and  the  charm  of  his 
delivery  "  attracted  both  them  and  persons 
of  all  ranks  and  professions.  Dr.  Thomas 
Lawrence,  his  future  biographer,  was  one 
of  his  audience,  and  formed  there  the 
acquaintance  of  Bathurst,  the  friend  of 
Johnson.  Dr.  William  Hunter  attended  the 
lectures  in  1742,  and  an  autograph  abridg- 
ment by  him  of  the  discourses  on  anatomy 
and  physiology  remains  in  No.  437  of  the 
MSS.  in  the  Hunterian  Museum  Library 
at  Glasgow.  "  The  syllabus  of  the  lectures 
—39  in  all — of  Nicholls  in  1743  included 
anatomy,  physiology,  the  general  principles 
of  pathology,  and  midwifery  "  (Wilks  and 
Bettany,  '  Guy's  Hospital,'  p.  87). 

Abstracts  of  seven  of  his  anatomical 
lectures  are  in  Addit.  MS.  401 8  b  at  the 
British  Museum,  and  through  the  interces- 
sion of  W.  N.  Boylston,  a  patron  of  Harvard 
University,  with  John  Nicholls,  "  a  valuable 
part  of  the  injected  anatomic  preparations  " 
made  by  him  was  presented  to  that  institu- 
tion. Stonhouse  (afterwards  Sir  James 
Stonhouse,  Bart.,  M.D.)  lived  with  him 
for  two  years  in  his  hoiise  in  Lincoln's  Inn 
Fields,  "  and  dissected  with  him,  which 
was  a  great  privilege,  and  for  which  he 
paid  a  large  sum."  Stonhouse  complains 
that  Nicholls  was  a  professed  Deist,  who 
took  great  pains  to  instil  his  principles  into 


the  minds  of  his  pupils  ('  Letters  from 
Orton  and  Stonhouse,'  ii.  261-2). 

In  the  early  part  of  1749,  on  the  death 
of  Dr.  John  Coningham,  one  of  the  eight 
elects,  or  council,  of  the  College  of  Phy- 
sicians, a  junior  to  Nicholls  was  appointed 
to  the  place;  Nicholls  thereupon  resigned 
his  lectureship,  and  for  the  future  took 
little  part  in  the  affairs  of  the  College. 
Every  one  was  surprised  at  the  slur,  and 
Dr.  Mead,  whose  youngest  daughter  and 
coheiress  Elizabeth  was  married  to  Nicholls 
in  1743,  resigned  in  the  next  year  his 
place  among  the  elects.  From  1753  to 
1760  Nicholls  was  physician  to  George  II. 
His  chief  paper  in  the  Philos.  Trans,  wa? 
an  account  of  the  dissection  of  that  monarch's 
body,  which  resulted  in  proving  that  he 
died  from  the  bursting  of  the  right  ventricle 
of  the  heart.  This  paper  was  submitted 
through  the  Lord  Chamberlain  to  the  new 
monarch,  who  saw  no  reason  why  it  should 
not  be  made  public. 

With  the  accession  of  this  new  king, 
George  III.,  trouble  arose.  "  Lord  Bute," 
said  Dr.  Johnson,  who  seems,  besides  giving 
"somewhere  or  other  an  account  of  the 
discourse  'De  Anima  Medica,' "  to  have 
been  personally  known  to  our  physician 
"  showed  an  undue  partiality  to  Scotchmen- 
He  turned  out  Dr.  Nicholls,  a  very  eminent  man, 
from  being  physician  to  the  King',  to  make  room 
for  one  of  his  countrymen,  a  man  very  low  in  hi& 
profession  [Duncan,  afterwards  Sir  William 
Duncan,  Bt.]." 

The  pension  which  was  proffered  to  him 
Nicholls  rejected  with  disdain.  Johnson 
told  Boswell  that 

"  whatever  a  man's  distemper  was,  Dr.  Nicholls 
would  not  attend  him  as  a  physician  if  his  mind 
was  not  at  ease  ;  for  he  believed  that  no  medicines 
would  have  any  influence.  He  once  attended  a 
man  in  trade,  upon  whom  he  found  none  of  the 
medicines  he  prescribed  had  any  effect  ;  he  asked 
the  man's  wife  privately  whether  his  affairs  were 
not  in  a  bad  way  ?  She  said,  No.  He  continued 
his  attendance  some  time,  still  without  success, 
At  length  the  man's  wife  told  him  she  had  dis- 
covered that  her  husband's  affairs  were  in  a  bad 
way." — '  Boswell,'  ed.  Hill,  ii.  354,  iii.  163. 

Sir  John  Hawkins  records  ('Life  of 
Johnson,'  2nd  ed.,  p.  407),  a  saying  of 
Nicholls,  which  Johnson  had  repeated  to 
him  with  high  commendation.  "  that  it  was 
a  point  of  wisdom  to  form  intimacies  and 
to  choose  for  our  friends  only  persons  of 
known  worth  and  integrity,  and  that  to  do 
so  had  been  the  rule  of  his  life."  Philip 
Thicknesse  preserves  this  anecdote: — 

"  Twenty  years  ago  I  called  in  Dr.  Nicholls  to 

near  and   dear  friend  whose  sudden   disorder 

alarmed    me    exceedingly.     The    honest    doctor 

would  neither  write  nor  take  a  fee,  and  the  only 


n  s.  iv.  NOV.  25,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


423 


thing  he  would  give  was  repose  and  rest  to  my 
friend." 

Thicknesse  was  dissatisfied,  called  in  another 
doctor,  but  was  now  convinced,  as  was  the 
patient,  that  Nicholls  was  right.  His 
"  disinclination  to  give  medicine  in  some 
instances "  was,  in  the  opinion  of  Thick- 
nesse, the  reason  of  his  banishment  from 
royalty  ('Valetudinarian's  Bath  Guide,' 
2nded.,  1780,  pp.  9-10). 

Nicholls  did  not  continue  in  his  profession 
after  the  loss  of  his  appointment  at  Court. 
His  son  John  matriculated  at  Oxford  in  1761, 
and  the  father  soon  took  up  his  residence 
in  his  old  haunts  at  that  University.  The 
son,  a  year  or  two  later,  began  to  study  in 
London,  whereupon  the  father  settled  in 
Surrey,  and  busied  himself  in  making  experi- 
ments— "  quid  laetas  segetes  in  agro  feraci 
faciat,  quid  agrum  sterilem  fcecundet."  He 
owned  the  estate  of  Eversheds  in  Ockley, 
and  for  some  years  made  the  house  his 
summer  residence.  Later  he  lived  in  a 
house  which  he  had  bought  at  Epsom,  and 
he  also  acquired  property  in  Lingfield. 

Nicholls  was  small  in  stature,  but  compact 
in  frame  and  agile.  He  possessed  a  charm- 
ing countenance,  expressing  dignity  and 
benevolence,  but  his  constitution  never  had 
been  robust,  and  in  his  youth  at  Oxford 
he  was  dangerously  ill  of  fever,  from  which 
he  was  rescued  by  the  skill  of  two  doctors — 
Frampton  and  Frewen.  In  after  life  he  was 
afflicted  with  an  "  inveterate  asthmatic 
cough."  Dr.  Johnson  says  that  he  hurt 
himself  "  extremely  in  his  old  age  by  lavish 
phlebotomy,"  no  doubt  in  the  hope  that  he 
might  free  himself  from  this  malady.  Still, 
he  lived  to  a  good  old  age,  dying  at  Epsom 
on  7  January,  1778.  His  widow  is  said 
to  have  died  at  Epsom  in  the  closing  months 
of  1803  (Gent.  Mag.,  1803,  Suppl.,  1255). 
They  had  five  children,  three  of  whom  died 
young.  There  survived  a  son  John,  to 
whom  I  may  return  at  a  later  date,  and  a 
daughter  Elizabeth,  who  married  William 
Martin  Trinder,  at  first  M.D.,  and  then  in 
orders. 

By  his  will,  dated  14  March,  1770,  and 
proved  29  January,  1778,  Nicholls  confirmed 
his  wife's  jointure  of  6,269Z.  12s.  Old  South 
Sea  annuities,  and  of  his  property  in  Ockley, 
Rusper,  and  Ifield  parishes,  and  left  to  her 
his  lands  in  the  parish  of  S$.  Giles-in-the- 
Fields.  At  her  death  everything  came  to 
John ;  to  his  daughter  and  her  husband 
he  left  20Z.  each. 

Dr.  Munk  calls  Nicholls  the 
"  inventor  of  corroded  anatomical  preparations. 
He  was  one  of  the  first  to  study  and  teach  the 


minute  anatomy  of  tissues.  He  was  also  the 
first  to  give  a  correct  description  of  the  mode  of 
production  of  aneurism,  and  he  distinctly  recog- 
nized the  existence  and  office  of  the  vaso-motor 
nerves." 

His  writings  are  set  out  in  the  '  Bibliotheca 
Cornub.,'  the  most  important  of  them  being 
his  'Compendium  Anatomicum  '  (1733,  1736, 
1738,  and  1742).  The  Latin  of  Nicholls 
in  his  *  De  Anima  Medica '  is  praised  by  Sir 
Egerton  Brydges  as  "  perspicuous,  classical, 
and  elegant  "  ('  Censura  Literaria,'  i.  192- 
204). 

In  1751  Nicholls  brought  a  swarm  of 
hornets  about  his  head  by  publishing 
anonymously  '  The  Petition  of  the  Unborn 
Babes  to  the  Censors  of  the  Royal  College 
of  Physicians,'  in  which  he  condemned 
the  practice  of  man-midwifery  by  members 
of  the  College,  and  satirized  the  Scotch  as 
well  as  some  of  his  principal  colleagues* 
An  account  of  this  pamphlet  is  contained 
in  the  life  (pp.  124-6)  by  John  Glaister  of 
William  Smellie,  who  speaks  of  him  as 
"  my  old  friend  and  preceptor  Dr.  Nicholls." 
The  midwives  applauded  him,  and  one  of 
them  is  said  to  have  presented  him  with  a 
bank-note  for  5001. 

The  basis  of  the  biography  of  Dr.  Frank 
Nicholls  is  the  Latin  life  of  him  by  his  pupil, 
Dr.  Thomas  Lawrence.  Parr  claimed  to 
have  found  one  fault  in  its  Latinity,  and  he 
told  Dr.  Haviland  to  read  and  find  it  out  by 
the  next  time  he  saw  him  (E.  H.  Barker, 
'  Lit.  Anecdotes,'  ii.  58).  To  this  biography  is 
prefixed  an  engraving  of  Nicholls  by  John 
Hall  from  a  model  by  Isaac  Gosset. 

W.    P.    COUBTNEY. 


JUBILEE  OF   THE   POST  OFFICE 
SAVINGS   BANK. 

A  NOTE  should  be  made  of  the  jubilee 
of  this  institution,  the  only  bank  in  the 
world  which  has  15,000  branch  estab- 
lishments, as  stated  by  the  Postmaster- 
General  at  the  celebration  at  the  Guildhall 
on  the  3rd  inst.  To  Gladstone  its  origin 
is  due,  and  so  rapidly  did  the  working  classes 
take  advantage  of  it  that  within  two  years 
the  amount  deposited  was  nearly  3,500,000^. 
Scotland,  however,  had  been  in  advance  of 
England,  for  last  year  the  Scotch  Trustee 
Savings  Bank  celebrated  its  centenary.  The 
last  Report  of  the  Postmaster- General  shows 
what  a  marvellous  success  the  Post  Office 
Savings  Bank  has  been.  There  were  at 
the  end  of  1910  19,975,375  deposits,  and  the 
sum  deposited  in  the  year  amounted  to 
46,205, 870/.,  the  deposits  exceeding  the- 


424 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  2.5, 1011. 


withdrawals  by  344,689Z.  The  interest 
credited  to  depositors  was  3, 949,46 II., 
and  the  total  amount  standing  to  the 
credit  of  depositors  on  Savings  Bank 
accounts  on  the  31st  of  December  last 
was  168,890,2152.— an  excess  of  4,294,1507. 
over  the  balance  due  at  the  end  of 
the  previous  year.  True,  indeed,  was  Mr. 
Samuel's  statement  as  to  the  far-seeing 
men  who  "  came  forward  and  provided 
what  might  be  called  the  State  stocking." 
Sir  Charles  W.  Sikes  (who,  as  stated  in 
the  'D.N.B.,'  first  broached  the  scheme 
in  an  anonymous  letter  to  The  Leeds 
Mercury  in  1850),  Mr.  George  Chetwynd, 
Lord  Stanley,  and  Mr.  Gladstone — theirs 
was  the  glory  of  having  foreseen  the  need 
and  utility  of  such  an  institution,  and  so 
wisely  framed  was  the  Savings  Bank  at  its 
outset  that  the  general  principles  and  the 
-chief  regulations  which  were  established 
fifty  years  ago  still  prevail  in  the  manage- 
ment of  the  Bank  to-day.  It  is  satisfactory 
to  find  from  the  Report  that  there  was  a 
decrease  of  1,500Z.  in  the  management 
expenses ;  that  the  amount  to  be  voted 
by  Parliament  to  make  good  the  deficit 
of  the  year's  working  is  18,649Z.,  as  com- 
pared with  5p,481Z.  for  the  year  1909;  and 
that  "  there  is  ground  for  hoping  that  the 
Post  Office  Savings  Bank  is  once  more  about 
to  show  an  annual  surplus.  The  net  surplus 
which  the  institution  has  yielded  to  the  Ex- 
chequer since  its  foundation  in  1861  is  now 
885.383Z."  JOHN  COLLINS  FRANCIS. 


SHAKESPEARIAN. 

SHAKESPEARE'S  "  QUIDDITS  "  AND  "  QUIL- 
LETS."— These  words  occur  in  several  of  the 
plays,  the  first  sometimes  taking  the  form 
of  "  quiddity,"  thus  : — 

How  now,  how  now,  mad  wag  !  What  ?  in  thy 
quips  and  thy  quiddities  ? 

'  1  Henry  IV.,'  I.  ii.  51. 

Why  may  not  that  be  the  skull  of  a  lawyer  ? 
Where  be  his  quiddities  noAV,  his  quillets  ? 

'  Hamlet,'  V.  i.  105. 

But  in  these  nice  sharp  quillets  of  the  law, 
Good  faith  1   I  am  no  wiser  than  a  daw. 

'  1  Henry  VI.,'  II.  iv.  17. 
Crack  the  lawyer's  voice, 
That  he  may  never  more  false  title  plead 
Nor  sound  his  quillets  shrilly. 

'  Timon  of  Athens,'  IV.  iii.  156. 
Some  quillets  how  to  cheat  the  devil. 

'  Love's  Labour  's  Lost,'  IV.  iii.  287. 
Glossaries  give  the  following  : — 
Globe  Edition  :— 

"  Quiddit,  quiddity,  a  subtle  question." 
'  '  Quillet,  quidlibet,  a  subtle^case  in  law." 


Clarendon  Press: — 
"  Quiddity,  subtlety." 
"  Quillets,  cavilling,  chicanery, '  Quidlibets.'  " 

Webster's  'Dictionary5  says: — 

"  Quiddity,  a  barbarous  term  used  in  school 
philosophy  for  essence." 

"  Quillet  [Lat,  Quidlibet,  what  you  please], 
subtlety,  nicety,  fraudulent  distinction,  petty 
cant." 

If  we  turn  to  a  good  English-German 
dictionary,  we  find  "quiddity"  translated 
by  Wesen,  the  German  philosophical  term 
for  pure  being,  and  here  we  have,  I  think, 
the  clue  to  the  origin  of  the  word.  Those  who 
know  something  of  the  older  logic  are  aware 
that  "quiddity"  ("that  which  answers  to 
the  question  quid  ?  what  ?  ")  is  the  English 
equivalent  to  the  first  of  the  Aristotelian 
categories  or  universal  predicables,  ovo-ia, 
and  signifies  "  substance."  The  word 
"  quillet  "  does  not  at  first  sight  suggest 
anything  of  this  kind,  but  the  analogy  of 
"  quiddit  "  may  lead  us  to  look  a  little 
further,  and  find  in  it  "  qualitas  "  or  quality, 
the  third  of  the  categories,  TTOIOV.  This,  at 
any  rate,  seems  a  more  reasonable  ety- 
mology than  "  quidlibet,"  to  which  Webster, 
the  Globe  Edition,  the  Clarendon  Shake- 
speare, and  the  German  lexicon  all  commit 
themselves.  If  this  view  is  correct,  and 
these  are  indeed  travesties  of  terms  occurring 
in  the  formal  logic  of  the  schools,  the  ques- 
tion arises,  how  do  they  come  to  bear  the 
opprobrious  meaning  rightly  attributed  to 
them  in  the  glossaries  ?  To  understand 
this,  we  must,  I  think,  consider  the  pro- 
minent position  held  by  logic  in  the  older 
learning  ;  it  touched  with  one  hand  the 
common  affairs  of  men,  and  reached  with 
the  other  high  into  the  realms  of  religion 
and  philosophy  ;  its  phraseology  found  its 
way  into  literature  and  into  all  documents, 
including  those  of  the  law.  It  will  bs  noticed 
that  in  three  of  the  quotations  given  there 
is  a  direct  allusion  to  the  law  or  lawyers, 
and  we  can  picture  to  ourselves  a  lawyer 
of  the  fifteenth  or  early  sixteenth  century 
defining  some  subject  of  litigation  hy  means 
of  the  categories,  thus  : — 
Quidditas,  ager. 
Quantitas,  jugera  quinque. 
Qualitas,  fertilis. 

Nothing  could  be  more  natural  than  the 
use,  by  the  uneducated,  of  a  corruption  of 
such  terms  a*  these — which,  being  quite 
unintelligible  to  them,  would  be  stigmatized 
as  legal  jargon — to  throw  ridicule  upon  a 
profession  which  has  always  been  credited 
by  the  masses,  however  unjustly,  with  a 
willingness  to  take  advantage  of  any  subtlety 
which  may  tell  in  favour  of  a  client. 


n  s.  iv.  NOV.  25,  ion.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


425 


Shakespeare  wrote^for  the  people,  and 
used  the  people's  language,  but  there  are 
indications  that  he  was  quite  aware  of  the 
more  technical  meaning  of  such  a  word, 
for  instance,  as  quality.  In  the  well-known 
line  with  which  Portia's  speech  in  '  The 
Merchant  of  Venice  '  begins — 

The  quality  of  mercy  is  not  strained, 
such  a  use  may,  I  think,  be  found.  I  am 
aware  that  the  line  is  usually  regarded  as 
meaning  "  Mercy  is  a  quality  which  is  free 
from  constraint,"  but  the  more  academic 
use  of  the  word  "  quality  "  seems  to  give 
the  better  sense,  which,  if  we  must  para- 
phrase a  beautiful  line  into  the  baldest  of 
prose,  would  stand  thus  :  "  The  essential 
characteristic  of  mercy  is  spontaneity," 
"  not-strained  "  being  united  by  a  hyphen, 
as  one  word  with  a  privative  sense. 

T.  P.  BLUNT. 

'  LEAK,'  I.  i.  :  THE  DIVISION  OF  THE 
KINGDOM. — Most  critics  seem  to  think  it 
necessary  to  offer  some  apology  for  Shake- 
speare's founding  a  play  upon  a  gross 
improbability,  and  it  has  been  pointed  out 
by  Coleridge,  in  justification  of  Shakespeare, 
that  "  it  was  an  old  story  rooted  in  the 
popular  faith." 

If  the  declared  love  of  his  daughters  be 
the  motive  of  Lear's  determination,  and  not 
a  mere  incident  in  the  transaction,  then  the 
aged  king  is  introduced  to  us  as  a  light, 
frivolous,  vain  old  man  with  a  most  bountiful 
lack  of  good  sense.  But  if  his  demand  for  a 
demonstration  of  affection  be  a  mere  after- 
thought, an  unhappy  inspiration  arising  out 
of  the  division  already  determined  upon 
(I.  i.  4-5,  37-8),  then  the  voluntary  abdica- 
tion or  retirement  of  Lear  is  not  without 
parallel  in  historic  times,  and  the  profession 
of  love  is  only  an  accident  which  alters  the 
original  design.  For  a  king  without  an  heir 
male  to  divide  his  kingdom  between  his  three 
daughters  would  hardly  have  been  a  strange 
act."  In  default  of  sons,  all  the  daughters 
of  a  feudal  lord  succeeded  to  the  estate  in 
equal  shares.  Lear,  therefore,  only  antici- 
pates the  division  of  his  estate  on  his  death. 
But,  "by  the  common  law,  freeholds  of  in- 
heritance were  not  generally  devisable  by 
will  ;  they  were  assignable  only  by  formal 
delivery  of  the  possession  thereof  in  the 
tenant's  lifetime."  If  Lear  wishes  Cordelia's 
share  to  be  a  third  more  opulent  than  her 
sisters',  he  must  assign  it  to  her  during  his 
life,  for  on  his  death  she  will  only  inherit 
equally  with  Goneril  and  Regan. 

The  partition  of  the  kingdom  is  not  "  the 
first  act  of  Lear's  developing  insanity."  If 


we  can  find  in  this  first  scene  the  seeds 
whence  madness  springs,  they  are  to  be 
found  rather  in  his  departure  from  his 
scheme  of  partition. 

P.    A.    McELWAINE. 

Dublin. 

'As  You  LIKE  IT,'  IV.  i.  172. — Surely 
Rosalind  did  not  say  what  the  copies  make 
her  say — "  the  most  pathetical  break-pro- 
mise." "  Apathetical  "  is  what  she  means, 
and  what  Shakespeare  made  her  say  :  the 
prefix  a  privatwum,  which  has  been  in- 
advertently omitted,  should  be  restored  to 
its  place,  if  we  would  make  the  lady  speak 
sense.  PHILIP  PERRING. 

7,  Lyndhurst  Road,  Exeter. 

'2  HENRY  IV.,'  II.  iv.  21  (11  S.  iv.  83, 
243). — Surely  the  explanation  given  by 
Steevens  is  by  far  the  best.  In  the  '  Cent. 
Diet.'  utas  (utis)  is  described  as  a  M.E.  word, 
derived  from  Old  French  utes  ("  octaves  "), 
which  means  (1)  an  octave,  the  eight  days 
of  a  festival ;  (2)  bustle,  excitement,  carousal. 
Hence  "  old  utis  "  corresponds  to  the  modern 
saying  "  a  rare  old  time."  X.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

Your  correspondent  (ante,  p.  84),  as  I 
understand  him,  quotes  Thersites  as  saying 
"  that  same  dog-fox,  Ulysses,  is  not  proved 
worth  a  blackberry."  May  I  point  out  that 
Thersites  says  nothing  of  the  kind  ?  What 
he  says  is  that  "  the  policy  of  Nestor  and 
Ulysses  [adjectives  omitted]  is  not  proved 
worth  a  blackberry  "  ( '  Troilus  and  Cressida,' 
V.  iv.  9-12).  J.  FOSTER  PALMER. 

8,  Royal  Avenue,  S.W. 


THE  CORPORATION  or  LONDON  AND  THE 
MEDICAL  PROFESSION. — Considering  the  fre- 
quency with  which  a  medical  man  occupies 
the  civic  chair  of  a  provincial  town,  it  is 
certainly  remarkable  that  in  London,  with 
a  municipal  history  of  eight  centuries,  one 
should  now  do  so  for  the  first  time  in  the 
person  of  Sir  Thomas  Boor  Crosby,  the  new 
Lord  Mayor.  The  reason  is,  I  believe, 
domestic.  In  London,  I  understand,  it  is^the 
custom  to  select  the  chief  magistrate  from  a 
restricted  number  of  Livery  Companies.  To 
this  number  do  not  belong  the  two  guilds 
having  an  affinity  with  the  profession  j  of 
medicine,  namely,  the  Apothecaries'  Com- 
pany and  the  Barber-Surgeons'  Company. 

Not  only  has  the  chief  magistracy  of 
London  been  a  sort  of  forbidden  fruit  to 
doctors,  but  the  occupancy  by  them  of 
other  high  civic  posts  has  been  extremely 
rare.  I  believe  it  will  be  found  that  the 


426 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [n  s.  iv.  NOV.  25, 1911. 


three  following  instances  form  a  complete 
list  of  the  tenancy  by  medical  men  of  such 
positions:  (1)  Thomas  Morestede,  surgeon  to 
Henry  IV.  and  Henry  V.,  was  Sheriff  in 
1436  ;  (2)  Sir  John  Ayliffe,  sergeant-surgeon 
to  Henry  VIII.  and  Edward  VI.,  was  Sheriff 
in  1548  ;  and  (3)  Edward  Arris,  surgeon  to 
Oliver  Cromwell,  was  Alderman  in  1651. 
S.  D.  CLIPPINGDALE,  M.D. 

A  SHAKESPEARE  AT  BARKING,  ESSEX, 
1595. — At  the  Archdeaconry  of  Essex  Court, 
held  at  Romford,  26  May,  1595,  William 
Nevell  brought  in  the  inventory  of  Edward 
Snaggs  of  Barking,  deceased.  The  mention 
of  his  shears  and  iron  shows  him  to  be  a 
tailor.  The  "  flagen  chare  "  was,  no  doubt, 
a  rush-bottomed  chair  ;  and  the  "  shurtt 
ban,"  shirt  band,  suggests  a  shirt,  not 
included  in  the  list,  possibly  because  he  was 
buried  in  it. 

"  A  not  of  the  aparelle  ande  goodes  of  Edward 
Snagges,  Praysed  by  Jains  Shackespere,  Thomas 
Duntone,  Thomas  Fisher,  as  foWellethe  : — 

"  Item,  wone  flocke  bed,  won  bowster,  won 
owlld  rownd  tabelle,  won  flagen  chare,  iiiis. 

"  Item,  won  fres  Jurkine,  wone  canuis  dub  let* 
.a  pare  of  hose,  a  shurtt  ban,  a  hatt,  a  pare  of 
stokins,  a  payre  of  showes,  a  payr  of  sheres,  a 
presing  Irene,  vis." 

A.  CLARK. 

Great  Leighs. 

RHYTHM  AND  Music. — The  reviewer  of 
Mr.  Sidney  Low's  '  De  Quincey '  (ante, 
p.  300)  quotes  a  criticism  to  the  effect  that 
since  Charles  Lamb  was  deficient  in  musical 
perception,  he  also  lacked  a  sense  of  the 
rhythmical  in  prose  composition. 

My  own  personal  experience  is  that  the 
faculty  of  detecting  metre  has  little  to  do 
with  music.  I  have  an  ear  so  dull,  musically, 
that  I  do  not  distinguish  one  note  from  the 
next  above  or  below  it  in  the  scale,  yet  I 
still  remember  trivial  sentences  which  people 
used  in  my  early  childhood,  simply  because 
they  fell  into  metre.  Further,  in  reading 
prose  I  have  no  difficulty  in  distinguishing  a 
line  which  is  accidentally  metrical,  though  I 
have  never  been  able  to  discover  how  sight 
alone  tells  the  brain  that  the  words  are 
rhythmical.  One  of  my  acquaintances  who 
has  a  very  sensitive  musical  ear  said  to  me 
not  long  ago  :  "  What  a  pity  it  is  that  you 
are  not  musical  !  for  when  you  hum  or 
chant  metre,  you  have  an  accurate  sense  of 
time." 

This  same  acquaintance  and  others  simi- 
larly gifted  have  no  delight  in  the  rhythmical 
beauty  of  some  parts  of  the  Old  Testament. 
They  fail  to  notice  it,  in  fact. 


How  many  poets  have  had  acute  musical 
perception  ?  and  how  many  composers  have 
shown  an  artistic  pleasure  in  the  rhythm  of 
prose  or  of  blank  verse  ?  Was  the  metrical 
genius  Swinburne  strikingly  musical  ? 

People  who  are  unable  to  dance,  because 
they  have  no  musical  sense,  yet  appreciate 
the  cadences  of  prose  and  poetry.  Their 
dullness  of  ear  in  one  respect  does  not 
prevent  acuteness  in  a  more  general  way. 
The  person  who  cannot  tell  one  tune  from 
another  may  hear  the  high-pitched  shriek 
of  a  bat  when  his  companions  are  unable  to 
do  so. 

The  effect  of  the  vibrations  which  cause 
one  note  to  be  unlike  another  was  not  per- 
ceived by  Lamb  ;  but  a  man  may  fail  to 
detect  the  quality  of  such  differing  vibra- 
tions, and  yet  exercise  discrimination  in 
verbal  sounds  and  cadences.  This  discrimi- 
nation, however,  is  not  necessarily  accom- 
panied by  the  power  of  writing  rhythmically. 
Not  all  the  worshippers  of  inspired  prose 
can  attain  to  beauty  of  style.  L.  C. 

METRICAL  PROSE. — "  Metrical,"  in  what 
your  reviewer  (ante,  p.  300)  says  of  the 
"  quality  of  the  best  prose,"  is,  I  presume, 
a  slip  for  "  rhythmical  "  ;  he  would  scarcely 
praise  metrical  prose,  or  attribute  it  to  De 
Quincey.  Such  sentences  as  Dickens  almost 
invariably  writes  when  he  becomes  emo- 
tional— e.g.,  "  And  still  her  former  self  lay 
there,  unaltered  in  this  change  " — are  surely 
vicious  in  any  prose,  and  they  will  not  be 
found,  I  fancy,  in  any  great  master.  They 
occur  on  almost  every  page  of  the  last  few 
chapters  of  '  The  Old  Curiosity  Shop,'  from 
which  the  one  I  quote  is  taken.  C.  C.  B. 

We  do  not  defend  blank  verse  in  prose,  but 
there  is  a  subtle  interchange  of  syllables  which 
approaches  metre,  and  Which  is  found  in  the  best 
prose.  Readers  of  Cicero  must,  for  instance,  have 
recognized  certain  favourite  endings  to  his 
sentences.  It  is  certain  that  a  delicate  sense  of 
rhythm  in  writing  can  coexist  with  ignorance  of, 
or  indifference  to,  music-] 

"  ALL  WHO  LOVE  ME  FOLLOW  ME." — In 
Lever's  '  Tom  Burke  of  Ours,'  chap.  Ixxxii., 
near  the  end,  the  writer  says  that  Eugene. 
Beauharnais,  having  fallen  back  on  Magde- 
bourg  (in  the  retreat  from  Moscow),  sent 
repeated  dispatches  to  the  Emperor  entreat- 
ing his  immediate  presence  among  the  troops, 
and  that  his  brief  reply  was  "  I  am  coming  ; 
all  who  love  me  follow  me."  "  How  the 
words  rang  in  my  ears  :  '  Tous  ceux  qui 
m'aiment.'  ' 

In  Creasy' s  '  History  of  the  Ottoman 
Turks,'  at  the  beginning  of  chap,  v.,  it  is 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  25, 1911.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


427 


written  that  Mahomet  II.,  being  in  Magnesia 
when  he  heard  of  the  death  of  his  father, 
Amurath  II.,  "  instantly  sprang  on  an  Arab 
horse,  and  exclaiming,  '  Let  those  who  love 
me  follow  me,'  galloped  off  towards  the 
shore  of  the  Hellespont." 

The  parallel  is  perhaps  worth  noting,  if 
the  sayings  are  authentic. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
^n  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


"  SEPTJRTURE." — This  mysterious  word 
is  given  by  Randle  Holme  ('Armoury,' 
Part  II.  pp.  11,  13)  as  a  synonym  of  expenced, 
said  of  angels'  wings.  (In  Part  III.  p.  156 
he  has  Sepulture,  probably  a  misprint.) 
In  Berry's  '  Encyclopaedia  of  Heraldry ' 
the  word  is  given  as  a  synonym  of  endorsed, 
and  the  limitation  to  the  wings  of  angels 
is  not  mentioned.  '  Parker's  Glossary  of 
Heraldry'  (1894)  has  "  Sepurture,  a  term 
applied  to  the  wings  of  birds,  synonymous 
with  endorsed."  Has  the  word  been  found 
in  any  earlier  writer  than  Holme,  and  is 
anything  known  as  to  its  origin  ? 

HENRY  BRADLEY. 
Oxford. 

ANQUETIL  FAMILY. — Among  the  inscrip- 
tions in  the  Gibraltar  cemeteries  transcribed 
by  COL.  G.  S.  PARRY  I  find  the  following 
(11  S.  ii.  483):— 

"  Francis  Anquetil,  Esq.,  Barrack  Master, 
d.  18  Dec.,  1836,  a.  49.  Erected  by  his  Brethren 
of  the  Lodge  of  Friendship." 

The  name  is  certainly  of  French  origin. 
Who  was  this  Anquetil  ?  Was  he  any  rela- 
tion to  the  three  brothers  of  the  name  who 
lived  in  the  second  half  of  the  eighteenth 
century  :  Anquetil,  prior  of  St.  Stephen  of 
Chateau-Renard,  the  French  historian ; 
Anquetil  du  Perron,  celebrated  traveller, 
member  of  the  Academie  des  Inscriptions 
et  Belles-Lettres  ;  and  Anquetil  de  Brian- 
court,  at  one  time  in  the  service  of  the  French 
East  India  Company,  afterwards  French 
Consul  at  Surat  ?  CHARLES  NOUGUIER. 
La  Valise,  par  Chateau-Renard,  Loiret. 

SPANISH  TITLES  GRANTED  TO  IRISHMEN. — 
I  should  like  to  ask  through  *  N.  &  Q.'  what 
has  become  of  the  titles  granted  by  the 
Spanish  monarch  Philip  IV.  to  the  Irishmen 


who  fought  in  the  wars  of  the  Netherlands 
1621-65.  Many  of  these  warriors  were 
compensated  by  the  monarch  by  ennoble- 
ment, but  definite  traces  are  vague,  not  only 
in  Dublin  records,  but  also  in  Madrid, 
Simancas,  and  Valladolid.  I  shall  be 
greatly  obliged  to  any  one  who  will  tell  me 
where  authentic  records  on  this  subject  may 
be  found,  with  a  description  of  the  arms 
granted.  RENE  DE  LAZLA. 

Paris. 

"  SALAMANDER,"  A  HEAVY  BLOW. — Benve- 
nuto  Cellini,  in  his  '  Autobiography,'  relates 
how,  when  he  was  quite  a  boy,  his  father 
struck  him  a  tremendous  blow,  in  order  that 
he  might  remember  all  his  life  that  he  had 
seen  a  salamander  in  the  fire ;  and  M. 
Anatole  France,  in  that  ironical  master- 
piece '  La  Rotisserie  de  la  Reine  Pedauque,' 
has  the  following  scene  : — 

"  . . .  .un  grand  homme  noir  aborda  la  r6tisserie, 
dans  une  rafale  de  neige  et  de  vent. 

"Une  Salamandre  !  line  Salamandre!  s'ecriait- 
il. 

"  Et  sans  prendre  garde  a  personne,  il  se 
pencha  sur  le  foyer,  dont  il  fouilla  les  tisons  du 
bout  de  sa  canne . .  . . '  Une  Salamandre  !  Je 
vois  une  Salamandre.' 

"  Mon  pere  etait  surpris  et  meme  choqu£  des 
facons  de  ce  visiteur. 

"  Que  Votre  Seigneurie  m' excuse,  dit-il,  je  ne 
vois  ici  qu'un  mechant  moine  et  point  de  Sala- 
mandre. Au  demeurani,  j'en  ai  peu  de  regret. 
Car,  a  ce  que  j'ai  oui  dire,  c'est  une  vilaine  bete, 
velue  et  cornue,  avec  de  grandes  griffes. 

"  Quelle  erreur  !  repondit  1'homme  noir,  les 
Salamandres  ressemblent  a  des  femmes,  ou,  pour 
mieux  dire,  a  des  Nymphes,  et  elles  sont  parfaite- 
nient  belles ....  II  f  aut  etre  philosophe  pour  voir 
une  Salamandre,  et  je  ne  pense  pas  qu'il  y  ait  des 
philosophes  dans  cette  cuisine. 

"  Vous  pourriez  vous  tromper,  monsieur,  dit 
I'abb6  Coignard.  Je  suis  docteur  en  the"ologie, 
maitre  es  arts.  Et  voici  Jacobus  Tournebroche, 
mon  61eve,  qui  sait  par  cceur  les  sentences  de 
Publius  Syrus. 

"  L'inconnu  tourna  vers  1'abbe  des  yeux 
jaunes 

"II  est  extremement  probable  que  cette 
Salamandre  est  venue  pour  vous  ou  pour 
votre  el  eve . .  . .  souffrez  que  votre  jeune  eleve 
approche  du  foyer  et  dise  s'il  ne  voit  pas  quelque 
ressemblance  d'une  femme  au-dessus  des  flammes. 

"  En  ce  moment,  la  fumee  qui  montait  sous  la 
hotte  de  la  chemin^e  se  recourbait  avec  xine 
grace  particuliere .... 

"  Je  ne  mentis  done  pas  tout  a  fait  en  disant 
que,  peut-etre,  je  voyais  quelque  chose. 

"  A  peine  avais-je  fait  cette  reponse  que  1'in- 

connu me  frappa  du  poing  l'6paule  si  rude- 

ment  que  je  pensai  en  avoir  la  clavicule  bris^e. 

"  Mon  enfant,  me  dit-il  aussitot,  d'une  yoix 
tres  douce,  en  me  regardant  d'un  air  de  bien- 
veillance,  j'ai  du  faire  sur  vous  cette  forte  im- 
pression afin  que  vous  n'oubliiez  jamais  que  voue 
Bivez  vu  une  Salamandre." 


428 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        in  s.  iv.  NOV.  25,  mi. 


Now  in  the  Suffolk  dialect  the  word 
" salamander"  is  used  at  the  present  day  to 
signify  a  sounding  blow.  Is  it  possible  that 
the  custom  of  striking  any  child  who  saw 
a  salamander  was  general  throughout  Europe 
in  the  Middle  Ages,  and  that  the  blow  is 
remembered  when  the  superstition  has  been 
long  forgotten  ?  I  shall  be  glad  of  any 
information  bearing,  however  remotely,  on 
this  subject.  MARMADU.KE  PICKTHALL. 

AUTHORS     OP     QUOTATIONS     WANTED. — 
Where  can  I  find  in  their  first  form  the  lines, 
And  Cotfcle,  not  he  whom  Alfred  made  famous, 
But  Joseph  of  Bristol,  the  brother  of  Amos  ? 

In  Byron's  '  Poetical  Works  '  (one- volume 
edition),  Mr.  E.  Hartley  Coleridge  at  p.  94, 
in  notes  on  'English  Bards  and  Scotch 
Reviewers,'  refers  us  to  the  'Poetry  of  the 
Anti-  Jacob  in,'  but  I  cannot  find  the  lines 
there — that  is,  in  the  well-known  volume  of 
poetry  selected  from  that  journal.  Some 
years  ago,  I  believe,  DR.  L.  M.  GRIFFITHS  of 
Clifton  asked  '  N.  &  Q.'  readers  for  the 
reference,  but  did  not  get  it. 

CHARLES  WELLS. 
134,  Cromwell  Road,  Bristol. 

Could  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  where 
I  shall  find  these  quotations  ? — 

1.  Earth  is  less  fragrant  now,  and  heaven  more 
sweet. 

2.  But  the  rose's  scent  is  bitterness 
To  him  that  loved  the  rose. 

HEINE. 

From  which  of  R.  L.  Stevenson's  books  is 
the  following  ? — 

"  To  know  what  you  prefer,  instead  of  saying 
Amen  to  what  the  world  tells  you  you  ought  to 
prefer,  is  to  have  kept  your  soul  alive." 

G.  M.  T. 

GEORGE  WOODBERRY  was  born  in  1792. 
He  entered  the  10th  Foot  (North  Lincoln- 
shires)  as  ensign  about  1808.  In  1813  he 
obtained  a  cornetcy  in  the  18th  Hussars, 
becoming  a  lieutenant  the  following  year. 
He  died  at  Lisbon,  1819,  and  every  search 
at  the  time  for  his  relatives  was  made  without 
avail.  Can  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  give 
any  help  ?  I  know  his  '  Journal.' 

HAROLD  MALET,  Col. 

Racketts,  Hythe,  Southampton. 

ANDREW  TURNBULL  OF  TWEEDMOUTH. 

What  is  known  of  this  individual,  said  to 
have  been  of  local  prominence  in  the  middle 
of  the  eighteenth  century  ?  Was  there 
ever  a  Turnbull  family  of  long  standing  at 
Tweedmouth,  and  how  far  can  it  be  claimed 


that  that  place  as  a  North  of  England  geo- 
graphic expression  is  synonymous  with  the 
town  or  city  of  Berwick-on-Tweed,  the  latter 
place  standing  between  Scotland  and  Eng- 
land, and  yet  not  belonging  to  either  of 
those  countries,  owing  to  some  mandatory 
compromise  in  the  dark  ages  ? 

J.  G.  CUPPLES. 
Brookline,  Mass. 

DAY  :  FREEMAN  :  PYKE. — In  the  search 
for  data  relating  to  these  families  (see 
ante,  p.  164),  particularly  the  two  latter, 
in  or  near  Greenwich,  1725-1800,  the  two 
entries  following,  of  voters,  were  found 
by  Mr.  R.  J.  Beevor  in  the  '  Poll  for  Knights 
of  the  Shire  to  Represent  the  County  of 
Kent,  July,  1802  '  :— 

"  James  Pike,  of  Deptford." 
"  Lucas  Freeman,  of  Deptford." 

The  register  of  christenings  at  St.  James's, 
Clerkenwell  (p.  214),  shows  : — 

"  1734,  June  20.  Charles,  s.  of  Charles  and 
Freeman  Lee  ;  born  19  June." 

The  italics  are  mine.  It  is  interesting  to 
see  this  implied  relationship  between  the 
families  of  Freeman  and  Lee,  when  we  have 
already  found  connexion  between  Freeman 
and  Pyke,  and  between  Lee  and  Pyke. 

John  Day  and  Ellinor  Jones  were  married 
at  St.  James's,  Clerkenwell,  17  April,  1666 
(cf.  '  Harl.  Soc.  Registers,'  vol.  xiii.  p.  124). 
We  have  found  Pyke  related  both  to  Jones 
and  to  Day. 

Further  facts  would  be  welcomed 

EUGENE  F.  MoPiKE. 

135,  Park  Row,  Chicago. 

SHEFFIELD  CUTLERY  IN  1820.  —  An 
anonymous  work,  published  by  Lheure 
of  Paris,  1820,  16mo  (in  eights),  128  pp., 
contains  information  as  to  the  Sheffield 
practice  of  tempering  steel  which  could, 
probably,  not  be  found  elsewhere.  The  work 
is  entitled  '  Manuel  de  1'Ouvrier  en  Fer,' 
but  the  running  title  is  '  Manuel  du  Coute- 
lier.'  In  the  preface  it  is  stated  that  the 
work  had  been  a  prodigious  success  in  Eng- 
land, which  would  lead  one  to  conclude 
that  an  English  original  had  existed  previous 
to  1820,  but  of  this  original  I  can  find  no 
trace.  Possibly  copies  were  circulated  in 
MS.  The  only  English  work  at  all  answering 
to  the  above  description  is  Kingsbury  on 
'  Razors,'  which  ran  through  numerous 
editions,  but  this  work,  though  utilized  by 
the  writer,  is  certainly  not  the  work  in  ques- 
tion. The  writer  appears  to  be  a  Frenchman 
long  resident  in  England,  if  one  may  judge 
by  his  intimate  acquaintance  with  English 


us. iv. NOV. 25, MI.]         NOTES   AND   QUERIES. 


429 


literature.  He  is  certainly  not  a  German, 
for  he  writes  Fahrenheit,  "  Fareinhet,"  and 
Hassenfratz,  "  Assemfratz."  Points  of  inter- 
est in  the  work  are  references  to  the  public 
forge  at  Sheffield,  where  the  cutlers  sent 
their  steel  to  be  hammered  into  plates,  and 
his  table  of  the  melting-points  of  the  fusible 
alloys  for  use  in  tempering  steel.  Who 
could  the  author  have  been  ?  The  work  is 
ten  years  prior  to  the  anonymous  treatise 
by  Holland  in  Lardner's  '  Cabinet  Cyclo- 
paedia,' and  two  years  earlier  than  the 
papers  by  Gill  in  his  '  Technical  Repository,' 
but  neither  of  these  writers  appears  to  be 
acquainted  with  this  French  work,  which, 
by  the  way,  is  not  recorded  in  Barbier.  I 
should  be  glad  of  any  information  which 
would  settle  the  question  of  its  authorship 
and  that  of  the  original  form  in  which  it 
circulated  in  this  country. 

E.  WYNDHAM  HULME. 
Sevenoaks. 

JAMES  INNYS  was  admitted  to  Westminster 
School  in  1736,  aged  10.  I  should  be  glad 
to  learn  anything  about  him.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

WILLIAM  IVES  was  admitted  to  West- 
minster School  in  1724,  aged  8.  Any 
information  concerning  him  would  be  of  use. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

JOHN  IVISON  was  admitted  to  Westminster 
School  in  1719,  aged  16.  Can  any  corre- 
spondent o£  '  N.  &  Q.'  help  me  to  identify 
him  ?  A  person  of  the  same  names  gradu- 
ated B.A.  at  Cambridge  from  Emmanuel 
College  in  1724.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

ROBERT  SOUTHEY'S  LETTERS.  —  1.  Who 
was  Portugal's  best  dramatic  writer,  whom, 
Southey  says,  the  Portuguese  burnt  to  death 
because  he  was  a  Jew  ? 

2.  Bampfylde's  sonnets  were  published  in 
1778.    Have  they  ever  been  reprinted  ?   Are 
they  meritorious  ? 

3.  Who  were  Probert,  Whittle  Harvey,  and 
Phillpotts  ? 

4.  Who  was  the  Hottentot  Venus  ? 

Any  information  about  these  forgotten 
worthies,  referred  to  in  Southey 's  letter  to 
Sir  Henry  Taylor,  will  be  esteemed.  Please 
reply  direct.  M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

Percy  House,  South  Hackney. 

"  SABBATH  DAY'S  JOURNEY." — I  have 
always  heard  the  phrase  "  a  Sabbath  day's 
journey"  used  to  denote  a  journey  'of 
great  length,  or  one  that  was  distasteful, 
or  involved  trouble  or  undue  exertion.  I 
am  now  informed  that  to  use  it  in  the  above 
sense  is  wrong,  as  the  phrase  has  its  origin 


in  Judaism,  and  meant  the  longest  journey 
permissible  on  the  Sabbath,  and  therefore 
a  short  journey  when  compared  with  the 
ordinary  day's  journey,  i.e.,  between  sunrise 
and  sunset.  Can  you  inform  me  in  which 
sense  the  phrase  should  be  used  ?  If  the 
latter  is  the  correct  interpretation,  then 
how,  and  in  what  manner,  came  the  perverted 
sense  to  be  adopted  ?  HUGH  DAVIDSON. 

[The  Biblical  use  is  certainly  the  original  sense 
of  the  expression.  The  '  N.B.D.'  says  under 
Sabbath-day  :  "  Sabbath  day's  journey  :  the 
distance  (2,000  ammoth  or  'ells  '=1,225  yards) 
which  (according  to  Rabbinical  prescription  in 
the  time  of  Christ)  was  the  utmost  limit  of  per- 
mitted travel  on  the  Sabbath."  The  great  Dic- 
tionary, which  is  famous  for  its  analysis  of  the 
various  senses  of  words  and  phrases,  does  not 
allude  to  the  use  of  the  expression  with  any 
other  meaning  ;  but  we  have  heard  it  employed 
in  the  opposite  way  mentioned  by  MR.  DAVIDSON.] 

FATHER  CONNOLLY,  HYMN-WRITER. — I  am 
in  urgent  need  (for  an  index)  of  the  bio- 
graphical particulars  mentioned  below,  and 
shall  be  most  grateful  to  the  correspondent 
who  has  the  leisure  and  the  kindness  to 
supply  them.  The  subject  was  a  priest — 
quoted  to  me  as  simply  Father  Connolly — 
sometime  chaplain  to  a  community  of  pious 
women  known  as  Helpers  of  the  Holy  Souls, 
in  or  about  London.  He  was  a  poet  and 
wrote  hymns,  hitherto  unpublished.  In 
1905  he  was  already  dead.  His  Christian 
names,  correct  spelling  of  surname,  dates 
of  birth  and  death,  and  statement  of  clerical 
positions  held  by  him  would  satisfy  my 
present  requirements.  S.  G.  OULD. 

Fort  Augustus,  N.  B. 

THEOPHILUS  LEIGH,  D.D. — Can  any  one 
give  me  particulars  of  Theophilus  Leigh, 
D.D.,  second  son  of  Theophilus  Leigh, 
barrister  at  law,  of  Adlestrop,  co.  Gloucester  ? 
He  matriculated  at  Trinity  College,  Oxford, 
12  April,  1709,  aged  15  ;  was  elected 
Scholar  of  Corpus  Christi  College  18  June, 
1711,  succeeding,  it  is  supposed,  to  a  Fellow- 
ship of  that  College  in  turn  ;  elected  Master 
of  Balliol  College  12  May,  1726,  which  office 
he  held  until  his  death,  3  January,  1785, 
aged  91,  having  served  as  Vice-Chancellor 
of  the  University  1738-41. 

I  shall  be  glad  to  know  who  his  mother 
was,  and,  if  he  married,  the  date  and  par- 
ticulars of  his  marriage  and  particulars  of  his 
children  (if  any).  F.  DE  H.  L. 

BENNETT,  THE  LANCASHIRE  MURDERER.- — 
Who  was  he  ?  and  what  was  the  character 
of  his  crime,  and  its  date  ? 

C.  E.  BRADSHAW. 


430 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  25, 1911. 


CRICKET  MATCH,  1774. — A  match  was 
played  on  Tichborne  Down,  Hants,  between 
Alresford  and  Alton-with-Chawton,  6  Aug., 
1774.  Owing  to  rain  and  a  dispute,  the 
match  was  not  finished.  I  shall  be  glad 
if  some  reader  can  give  the  names  of  the 
Alresford  eleven'  and  the  umpires  of  the 
match.  F.  K.  P. 

EVELYN  HALL. — Can  any  one  give  me 
information  as  to  Evelyn  Hall,  which  I  do 
not  think  exists  now,  but  was  standing  in 
Early  Victorian  times,  to  judge  from  a  print 
of  it  which  is  in  my  possession?  H.  E.  E. 

"  PARKIN."— In  Yorkshire  (the  West  Rid- 
ing) it  is  the  custom  to  make  "parkin"  for 
the  5th  of  November.  What  is  the  origin 
of  this  ?  RAVEN. 

"  FINE  FLOWER  OF  POETRY." — I  shall  be 
very  glad  if  any  reader  can  refer  me  to  the 
source  of  this  phrase.  I.  NEWTON. 

20,  Hanover  Square,  W. 

TRAITORS'  GATE. — Can  any  reader  kindly 
inform  me  how  old  the  Traitors'  Gate  at 
the  Tower  of  London  is,  and  what  became 
of  the  original  one  ?  T.  S. 


MISS  HOWARD  AND  NAPOLEON  III. 
(11  S.  iv.  347.) 

AN  article  on  Eliza  Howard's  relations  with 
Napoleon  III  was  published  in  a  Parisian 
daily  (my  newspaper  cutting  is  without 
title  or  date)  by  M.  Paul  Ginisty  at  the 
time  of  the  death  of  her  son,  the  Comte  de 
Bechevet. 

Her  real  name  was  probably  Elizabeth 
Harryet,  and  she  would  appear  to  have  been 
born  about  1825.  How  she  first  met  the 
Emperor  has  been  variously  recounted  ;  the 
only  faot  that  need  be  mentioned  here  is 
the  existence  of  a  Mr.  Fitzroy,  who  was 
presumably  for  some  time  the  future  Em- 
peror's rival  in  her  affections.  The  main 
point  is  that  her  relations  with  Louis  Na- 
poleon took  the  form  of  a  veritable  passion 
on  both  sides  ;  and  up  to  the  time  of  his 
accession  to  the  French  throne  she  shared 
all  his  secrets,  hopes,  and  ambitions,  and 
acted  as  his  counsellor,  his  friend,  and  even, 
it  is  said,  his  banker,  advancing  him  large 
sums  during  the  period  of  political  storm  and 
financial  struggle  which  preceded  his  final 


success.  When  he  became  Prince-President 
she  lived  close  by  the  Elysee,  in  the  Rue  du 
Cirque,  and  her  personal  influence  on  French 
politics  continued.  She  was  the  only  woman 
to  whom  the  secret  of  the  coup  d'etat  of  2  Dec. 
was  confided.  When  the  Prince-President 
definitely  assumed  the  imperial  purple,  he 
bestowed  on  Eliza  Howard  a  magnificent 
domain  at  La-Celle-St.-Cloud  (a  few  miles 
from  Paris),  with  the  titles  of  Comtesse  de 
Beauregard  and  Bechevet. 

Then  came  the  Emperor's  projects  of 
union  with  Mile,  de  Montijo.  The  Countess 
had  to  be  disposed  of  in  some  effectual  if 
temporary  manner.  She  was  shipped  to 
London  with  Mocquard,  the  Emperor's 
secretary  and  factotum,  ostensibly  (perhaps 
really)  to  induce  Fitzroy  to  cede  some 
letters  compromising  to  the  Emperor.  She 
succeeded  in  worming  from  Mocquard  the 
secret  of  Napoleon  III.'s  matrimonial  inten- 
tions ;  and  when  she  learnt  that  the  future 
Empress  was  not  the  member  of  any  Euro- 
pean reigning  family,  her  fury  knew  no 
bounds.  "  Sire,"  she  wrote,  "  I  could 
readily  have  sacrificed  myself  to  a  political 
necessity.  But  I  cannot  pardon  you  for 
immolating  me  to  a  caprice." 

On  her  return  to  Paris  she  found  her 
rooms  had  been  entered  by  the  police,  locks 
forced,  and  furniture  rifled  to  secure  her 
correspondence  with  Napoleon.  It  would 
appear  that  he  subsequently  called  upon  her 
in  person  in  order  to  explain  matters  ; 
but  she  received  a  hint  that  their  intimate 
relations  must  now  be  a  matter  of  the  past, 
and  she  lived  in  virtual  exile  at  La-Celle- 
St. -Cloud  henceforward. 

In  after  years  she  married,  at  Florence, 
a  certain  Clarence  Trelawney,  but  they 
separated  after  a  few  months'  union.  She 
died  in  August,  1865,  her  age  being  stated 
as  40,  and  was  buried  in  England. 

A  paragraph  published  in  an  English 
journal  some  time  ago  hints  that  had  not 
Eliza  Howard  existed,  the  imperial  throne 
of  France  might  have  been  occupied  by  an 
Englishwoman.  During  the  London  resi- 
dence of  the  future  Napoleon  III.,  he  was 
greatly  smitten  with  the  charms  of  a  Miss 
Rowles,  and  demanded  her  hand  in  marriage. 
She  incidentally  learned  of  his  liaison  with 
Miss  Howard,  and  promptly  broke  off  her 
engagement.  She  retired  to  her  country 
home,  which,  curiously  enough,  was  the 
very  mansion  that,  twenty  and  more  years 
later,  became  the  residence  of  the  exiled 
Emperor — Camden  Place,  Chislehurst. 

F.  A.  W, 

Paris. 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  25,  mi.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


431 


Elizabeth  Anne  Haryett  (by  some  given 
as  "  Hargett  ")  seems  to  have  been  born  in 
1824,  probably  the  daughter  of  a  Thames 
boatman  ;  she  became  known  as  a  courtesan 
in  London  in  1840  or  1841,  and  had  then  as 
her  friend,  or  anyhow  as  one  of  her  friends, 
Mr.  Fitzroy,  a  gambler  by  profession  ;  in 
1842  she  gave  birth  to  a  son,  who  will  be 
referred  to  hereafter.  She  was  then  living 
in  sumptuous  style  at  No.  277,  Oxford  Street, 
where  she  received  well-known  men.  At 
her  debut  as  a  fast  woman  she  assumed  and 
retained  afterwards  the  nom  de  guerre  of 
"Miss  Howard." 

It  was  only  in  1846  that  Prince  Louis 
Napoleon  became  acquainted  with  her,  so 
that  he  cannot  have  been  the  father  of  her 
son,  Martin  Constantin,  although  he  has 
often  been  credited  with  it.  She  then,  or 
possibly  a  little  later,  lent  the  pretender 
Prince  considerable  sums  of  money,  which 
are  believed  to  have  been  advanced  by  her 
on  the  account,  or  in  any  case  with  the 
assistance,  of  her  old  friend  Fitzroy.  When 
Prince  Louis  Napoleon  came  to  Paris  in 
1848  she  followed  him,  and  resided  first  at 
the  Hotel  Meurice,  in  the  Hue  de  Rivoli,  and 
afterwards  at  14,  Rue  du  Cirque.  She  was 
received  at  the  Tuileries  and  at  Saint-Cloud, 
and  was  recognized  as  the  Prince's  official 
mistress.  The  Prince  bought  for  her  the 
fine  estate  of  Beauregard,  close  to  Versailles, 
with  460  acres  of  park  and  the  two  farms  of 
Bechevet  and  Bellebat,  the  purchase  price 
of  which  is  supposed  to  have  been  240,0007.  ; 
it  is  not  quite  clear  whether  that  estate  was 
presented  to  her  in  1849,  or  only  in  1853, 
when  the  Prince,  who  had  then  become 
Emperor  Napoleon  III.,  married  Mile. 
Eugenie  de  Montijo,  Comtesse  de  Theba 
— more  probably  the  latter,  as  the  gift 
would  then  have  been  made  by  way  of 
compensation  for  Miss  Howard's  wounded 
feelings  and  disappointed  hopes.  At  the 
same  time  she  was  made  Comtesse  de 
Beauregard. 

Her  son,  Martin  Constantin,  was  created 
Comte  de  Bechevet,  but  I  almost  think  that 
must  have  been  later,  as  I  recollect  having 
had,  in  the  sixties,  a  very  pleasant  school- 
fellow by  the  name  of  Beauregard,  who  was 
known  to  us  all  to  be  the  son  of  "  Miss 
Howard,  the  Emperor's  lady  friend  "  before 
his  marriage.  I  lost  sight  of  him  after  our 
schooldays,  and  he  died  on  24  Aug.,  1907  ; 
his  will  appears  to  have  been  proved  in 
London  and  to  have  given  rise  to  a  lawsuit, 
a  report  of  which  would  doubtless  be  found 
in  the  English  papers  of  that  time,  probably 
in  October. 


Miss  Howard,  or  rather  the  Comtesse  de 
Beauregard,  married  in  1854  a  Cornish 
gentleman  named  Sir  Clarence  Trelaway 
(thus  reported  by  the  French  papers,  but 
may  have  been  Trelawny)  ;  the  marriage 
was  an  unhappy  one.  She  lived  afterwards 
a  retired  life  on  her  Beauregard  estate, 
devoting  much  of  her  time  and  money  to 
works  of  charity,  and  after  a  short  illness 
she  died  on  19  Aug.,  1865,  her  death  being 
registered  as  follows  : — 

"  In  the  year  1865,  on  the  19th  August,  died 
at  the  Beauregard  Castle,  Commune  of  Saint- 
Cloud  (Seine  and  Oise),  Elizabeth  Anne  Haryett, 
aged  41,  born  in  London,  wife  of  Clarence  Tre- 
laway. 

"  The  Mayor. 

"Signed:  L.  Mention." 

The  estate  of  Beauregard  was  sold  by  her 
son  in  1872  to  Baron  Maurice  de  Hirsch. 

I  am  indebted  for  pretty  well  the  whole  of 
the  foregoing  to  the  collection  of  L'lnter- 
mediaire  des  Chercheurs. 

H.    GOUDCHAUX. 

The  pseudonymous  author  of  '  The  Court 
of  the  Tuileries  '  states  that  in  the  entry  of 
Miss  Howard's  death,  in  the  registers  of  La- 
Celle-St. -Cloud,  near  Paris,  she  is  described 
as  "  Elizabeth  Anne  Haryett,  called  Miss 
Howard,  Countess  de  Beauregard,  born  in 
England  in  1823."  He  also  says  that  some 
English  works  (unnamed)  state  that  her 
real  name  was  Hargett.  That,  I  think,  is 
a  mistake,  for  in  certain  legal  proceedings 
relative  to  the  final  division  of  her  English 

Property,  which  took  place  before  Mr. 
ustice "  Warrington  in  Chancery  in  June, 
1909,  it  was  stated  by  counsel  that  a  large 
settlement  was  made  upon  her  in  1854,  when 
she  was  described  as  Elizabeth  Ann  Haryett 
Trelawney. 

The  author  already  cited  states  that  Miss 
Haryett  or  Howard  was  first  the  mistress 
of  a  famous  steeplechase  rider  in  London, 
and  then  of  Major  Mount  joy  Martin,  2nd 
Life  Guards  (born  1809,  died  in  London, 
1874).  She  had  an  exquisite  figure,  and  a 
head  and  features  like  the  masterpieces  of 
Greek  sculpture.  At  her  house  in  London 
such  men  as  the  Duke  of  Beaufort,  the  Earl 
of  Chesterfield,  the  Earl  of  Malmesbury,  and 
Count  D'Orsay  used  to  meet,  and  it  was  the 
last-named  who  introduced  Louis  Napoleon 
to  her.  He  was  smitten  by  her  charms, 
and  it  is  said  that  her  wealth  helped  to 
finance  his  Boulogne  expedition  of  1840. 
After  his  escape  from  Ham  in  1846,  and  until 
after  his  election  as  President  of  the  Republic 
in  1848,  she  continued  to  finance  his  opera- 
tions. She  followed  him  to  Paris,  and  settled 


432 


NOTES  AND   QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  25, 1911. 


down  in  a  little  house  in  the  Rue  du  Cirque, 
near  the  Elysee  Palace,  which  was  the 
President's  residence.  Here  the  President 
spent  the  evenings  when  he  could  escape 
from  the  Elysee,  in  company  with  Fleury  and 
his  intimates,  including  a  few  Englishmen, 
such  as  the  Marquess  of  Hertford.  When 
Louis  Napoleon,  in  the  months  preceding 
the  proclamation  of  the  Empire,  removed 
to  the  Chateau  St.  Cloud,  Miss  Howard 
created  great  scandal  by  insisting  on  follow- 
ing him,  and  she  clung  very  closely  to  him. 

Count  Horace  de  Viel  -  Castel,  in  his 
spiteful  '  Memoirs '  (vol.  i.  p.  123),  notes 
under  date  of  30  Oct.,  1852,  that  there  was 
a  State  performance  at  the  Opera,  at  which 
the  President  was  well  received,  adding  : — 

"  Better-disposed  persons  were  shocked  to  see 
the  President's  mistress,  Mrs.  Howard,  covered 
with  diamonds,  in  one  of  the  principal  boxes  ; 
it  had  a  very  bad  effect." 

In  the  following  January  Napoleon  married, 
and  it  required  large  payments,  much 
diplomacy,  and  even  threats  of  police  action 
to  quiet  the  furious  anger  of  the  lady  who 
had  aspired  to  share  the  highest  dignity  of 
the  Empire.  She  received  the  title  of 
Countess  de  Beauregard,  and  up  to  the 
beginning  of  1855  had  been  paid  218,OOOL, 
but  still  demanded  more.  She  met  in  Italy 
a  young  Englishman,  Mr.  Clarence  Trelawney, 
son  of  Mr.  Brereton  Trelawney,  one  of  the 
Cheshire  Trelawneys.  Clarence  Trelawney, 
who  had  been  an  officer  in  the  Austrian 
Hussars,  married  her  at  Florence  on  16  May, 
1854.  The  settlement  quoted  in  the  Chan- 
cery Court  was  made  upon  the  Countess  de 
Beauregard,  her  husband  Clarence  Tre- 
lawney, and  upon  their  children,  as  she 
should  by  will  appoint. 

The  marriage  was  an  unhappy  one ; 
there  were  no  children,  and  after  her  hus- 
band's death  in  1861,  the  Countess  de  Beau- 
regard  left  these  funds  upon  trust  for  her 
son,  Martin  Constantine  Haryett,  Count  de 
Bechevet,  for  life. 

The  Count  de  Bechevet  was  generally 
supposed  to  be  a  son  of  Louis  Napoleon, 
who  was  induced  to  confer  a  title  upon  him, 
but  there  is  some  doubt  whether  he  was  not 
the  son  of  Major  Mountjoyj  Martin,  the 
lady's  earlier  "  protector." 

During  the  winter  of  1864  the  Countess  de 
Beauregard,  still  furious  at  her  desertion  by 
the  Emperor,  made  herself  notorious  in 
Paris  by  driving  her  superb  bays  in  the  Bois 
de  Boulogne,  so  as  to  meet  and  stare  at  the 
Emperor  and  Empress,  and  by  turning  her 
opera-glasses  too  frequently  upon  them  at 
public  theatrical  performances.  She  died 


on  19  Aug.,  1865,  at  her  chateau  of  Beaure- 
gard. Two  years  later  her  son,  the  Count 
de  Bechevet,  married  Mile,  de  Csuzy,  of  a 
noble  Hungarian  house.  He  died  in  1907, 
leaving  behind  him  a  son,  Count  Richard 
Martin  de  Bechevet,  and  two  daughters, 
Madame  Ann  Haryett  de  Freminville  and 
Countess  Charlotte  Grizille  de  Bechevet. 
All  these  children  were  living  at  the  time  of 
the  Chancery  litigation  of  1909. 

ROBT.  S.  PENGELLY. 
Clapham  Park. 

Miss  Howard  was  the  assumed  name  of 
Elizabeth  Anne  Hargett.  She  was  born  in 
England  about  1817,  and  became  notorious 
in  London  as  a  courtesan  of  great  beauty. 
Prince  Charles  Louis  Napoleon  first  met 
her  when  he  came  to  London  after  his 
expulsion  from  Switzerland  in  1838  ;  she 
was  his  mistress  in  London,  1838  to  1840, 
when  she  lent  him  all  her  savings  (40,OOOZ.) 
towards  the  equipment  of  his  historic  adven- 
ture at  Boulogne.  The  security  for  this 
loan  was  a  mortgage  on  the  estate  of  Civita 
Nuova  in  the  March  of  Ancona,  which  the 
Prince  had  inherited  from  his  mother's 
husband.  The  mortgage  was  annulled  by 
payment  to  her  of  40,OOOZ.,  24  March,  1853. 
She  is  said  to  have  corresponded  with  the 
Prince  during  his  imprisonment  at  Ham,. 
Oct.,  1840,  to  May,  1846,  when  he  escaped, 
and  the  liaison  was  renewed.  She  resided  in 
Paris  from  1848,  at  first  in  the  Hotel  Meurice 
in  the  Rue  de  Rivoli,  and,  when  the  Prince 
became  President,  at  14,  Rue  du  Cirque,  close 
to  the  Elysee  Palace.  She  is  said  to  have  lent 
the  Prince  8,000,000fr.  at  the  time  of  his 
election  as  President.  He  became  Emperor 
of  the  French,  2  Dec.,  1852,  and  married 
Eugenie,  Countess  of  Teba,  29  Jan.,  1853, 
the  day  after  which  he  created  Miss  Howard 
Countess  de  Beauregard,  and  handed  her 
the  title-deeds  of  an  estate  on  the  Versailles 
road  called  Beauregard.  She  received  from 
the  Emperor  down  to  1  Jan.,  1855,  218,000?., 
including  the  40,OOOZ.  mortgage  paid  off. 
She  married  at  St.  James's,  Piccadilly, 
16  May,  1854,  Clarence  Trelawny,  an  officer 
in  the  Austrian  Hussars.  He  obtained 
a  divorce  in  Paris,  February,  1865.  To 
defy  the  Empress,  Miss  Howard  drove  in  the 
Bois  de  Boulogne  in  an  open  carriage  with 
servants  in  the  imperial  livery.  For  some 
time  all  Paris  was  diverted  by  the  presence 
of  the  two  Empresses.  This  caper  was  costly 
to  Miss  Howard,  as  she  was  (it  is  said) 
smothered  or  strangled  in  her  bed  by  the 
police,  acting  under  orders,  at  the  Chateau  de 
Beauregard,  Paris,  20  Aug.,  1865.  Her  son 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  25,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


433 


Martin  Howard  was  created  by  the  Emperor 
Comte  de  Beche vet,  January,  1865,  and  died 
August,  1907,  leaving  a  son  and  two  daugh- 
ters. Vide  '  The  Court  of  the  Tuileries,'  by 
le  Petit  Homme  Rouge,  1907,  pp.  182-93  ; 
'Memoirs  of  the  Baron  de  Rimini,'  1888, 
pp.  124-31  ;  '  The  Secret  Documents  of  the 
Second  Empire,'  translated  by  T.  Curry, 
1871.  FREDERIC  BOASE. 

Mrs.  or  Miss  Howard — her  real  name  was 
Elizabeth  Ann  Harryett — was  a  fashionable 
London  hetaira  in  the  late  thirties.  Meeting 
Louis  Napoleon  in  those  years  at  Lady  Bles- 
sington's,  she  conceived  for  him  a  strong 
attachment,  pouring  into  his  lap  much  of  the 
large  fortune  amassed  in  her  profession.  In 
conjunction  with  the  Princess  Mathilde  she 
financed  his  Boulogne  expedition,  and  sus- 
tained him  in  London  after  his  escape  from 
Ham.  She  followed  him  to  France  when 
President,  received  his  guests,  and  accom- 
panied him  on  his  progresses — 

in  Saturn's  reign 
Such  mixture  was  not  held  a  stain. 

He  bestowed  on  her  a  large  income,  the  title 
of  Comtesse  de  Beauregard,  and  the  chateau 
of  La  Celle,  near  Versailles,  once  the  home  of 
Madame  de  Pompadour.  When  his  marriage 
was  projected,  she  made  difficulties,  but  was 
persuaded  to  abdicate  and  to  leave  France 
by  a  subsidy,  it  was  said,  of  250, 0002. 
She  married  a  Mr.  Clarence  Trelawny,  an 
officer  in  the  Austrian  service,  was  divorced 
from  him,  and  died  in  1865.  Particulars  of 
her  career  will  be  found  in  Molloy's  '  Ro- 
mance of  Royalty,'  i.  321  ;  '  The  Court  of 
the  Tuileries,'  par  le  Petit  Homme  Rouge, 
pp.  182-93  ;  Lady  Cardigan's  '  My  Recollec- 
tions,' p.  104.  She  is  mentioned  in  Lady 
St.  Helier's  '  Memories  of  Fifty  Years,'  p.  45. 

W.  T. 

[F.  B.  M.  and  MB.  T.  SHEPHERD  also  thanked  for 
replies.] 

'  THE  STANDARD  PSALMIST  '  :  W.  H 
BIRCH  :  REV.  W.  J.  HALL  (US.  iv.  348).— 
William  Henry  Birch  was  a  well-known 
musician,  an  organist,  a  pianist,  and  a 
violinist;  a  composer  also  of  some  fame 
in  his  day.  The  list  of  his  works  can  be 
seen  in  the  Music  Catalogue  of  the  B.M., 
and  extends  to  about  a  dozen  pages  of 
entries.  Birch  was  born  at  Uxbridge, 
5  May,  1826.  He  studied  music  under 
Elvey,  H.  G.  Blagrove,  and  Robert  Barnett. 
He  was  organist  of  St.  Mary's  Church, 
Amersham,  teacher  of  music  at  Caversham, 
near  Reading,  and  he  had  a  musical  academy 
in  London  Street,  Reading.  He  composed 


among  numerous  other  works,  '  Gems  of 
Sacred  Harmony,'  1853  ;  '  Choruses,  Glees, 
Quartettes,  and  Trios,'  1856  ;  '  Sab- 
bath Recreation,  a  Selection  of  Favourite 
Sacred  Melodies,  '  1857  ;  '  Eveleen,  the 
Rose  of  the  Vale:  an  operetta,'  1869; 
'  The  Merry  Men  of  Sherwood  Forest,' 
1872  ;  '  Canticles  of  the  Church  of  England/ 
1875;  '  Twelve  Anthems,'  1877  ;  and  '  Wreck 
of  the  Argosy:  a  cantata,'  1879.  Besides 
his  work  at  Caversham,  Birch  was  organist 
at  Christ  Church,  Reading.  On  Sunday 
evening,  15  July,  1888,  he  was  seized  with 
paralysis  and  apoplexy.  He  became  un- 
conscious, and  died  in  this  condition  on 
18  July,  at  32,  Queen's  Crescent,  Queen's 
Road,  Reading.  He  was  buried  on  Satur- 
day, 21  July,  in  Reading  Cemetery.  His 
lifelong  friendship  with  Sir  George  Elvey, 
organist  of  St.  George's  Chapel,  Windsor, 
resulted  in  a  quartette  party  from  the 
famous  choir  of  that  place  attending  the 
funeral  and  singing  over  his  grave. 

The  Rev.  William  John  Hall,   b.  London, 
31  Dec.,  1793,  graduated  at  Corpus  Christi 
College,  Cambridge  :    B.A.  1821,  M.A.  1824. 
He     was     Priest     in     Ordinary     to     H.M. 
Chapel  Royal  1829   to   death  ;     Minor  Pre- 
bendary of  St.   Paul's   Cathedral ;     Second 
Canon    and     Senior     Cardinal     31     March, 
1826,  to    death  :    Vicar   of   Sandon,    Herts, 
1829-33  :     Rector    of    St.    Benet    with    St. 
Peter,     Paul's    Wharf,     London,    1835-51  ; 
Vicar  of    Tottenham,   Middlesex,    1851    to 
death.     Died    Beech    House,    High    Road, 
Tottenham,  16  Dec.,  1861.      'The  Standard 
Psalmist,'  which  appears  under  W.  H.  Birch's 
name    in    the    B.M.  Music    Catalogue,    was 
issued  in    two  volumes    (1853-4),   London, 
Hall,  Virtue   &    Co.       (printed   Amersham). 
Ha'll  is  best  known  to  hymnology  as  the 
editor  of  '  Psalms  and  Hymns  adapted  to  the 
Services  of  the  Church  of  England,'  London, 
1836.     This   book   is   commonly   known   as 
'  The  Mitre  Hymn-Book,'  from  the  impres- 
sion of  a  mitre  on  the  cover.     It  was  dedi- 
cated to  "  Charles  James,  Bishop  of  London," 
viz.,  Blomfield,  and  attained  to  a  circulation 
of  four  million  copies.     It  had  a  considerable 
influence  upon  the  hymnody  of  the  Church 
of   England.     There   were  fourteen  editions 
at    least    between  1836    and  1880.     In  this 
work  Hall  was  greatly  assisted  by  Edward 
Osier  (b.  Falmouth,  30  Jan.,  1798  ;    d.  Truro, 
7  March,  1863),  who  resided  with  him  (W.  J. 
Hall),  1835-6,  while  the  '  Mitre  Hymn-Book  ' 
was  being  prepared.     Osier  supplied  much 
original  material.     Besides  the  hymn-book 
referred  to  above,  Hall  was  the  author  of 
Lists  of  Books  recommended  by  Different 


434 


NOTES  AND  Q  UERIES.       in  s.  iv.  NOV.  25, 1911. 


Bishops,'  edited  by  W.  J.  H.,  1830;  'The 
Character  of  Miriam,'  London,  1844  ;  '  The 
Crucifixion,'  London,  1841  (both  the  above 
are  single  sermons)  ;  '  The  Doctrine  of 
Purgatory  and  the  Practice  of  Praying  for 
the  Dead  as  Maintained  by  the  Romish 
Church  Examined,'  London,  1843  ;  '  Many 
Mansions  '  (sermon),  London,  1849  ;  '  Popery 
or  Mystical  Jericho  '  (sermon),  London,  1840  ; 
and  '  Prayers  for  the  Use  of  Families,  to  which 
are  added  others  for  Private  Devotion,' 
London,  1847.  The  history  of  the  evolution 
of  Hall's  period  of  Church  of  England 
hymnody  is  given  in  Julian's  '  Dictionary 
of  Hymnology,'  pp.  334-8,  and  Hall's 
position  as  a  compiler  is  dealt  with  on  p.  336 
of  the  same  work. 

The  Rev.  William  John  Hall,  Rector  of 
St.  Clement,  Easttheap,  was  a  son  of  the 
above,  b.  17  March,  1830,  son  of  William  J. 
and  Anne ;  entered  Merchant  Taylors'  School 
February,  1838;  Trin.  Coll.,  Camb.,  B.A. 
1853,  M.A.  1857  ;  P.C.  Holy  Trinity, 
Tottenham,  1862  ;  Rector  of  Eastcheap, 
1865. 

Authorities  :  Robinson  (Charles  John), 
'  A  Register  of  Scholars  admitted  in  to 
Merchant  Taylors'  School,'  2  vols.,  Lewes, 
1882-3;  J.  D.  Brown,  'Dictionary  of 
Musicians,'  1886  ;  Julian's  '  Hymnology,' 
passim  (Julian  appears  to  have  used  what 
he  calls  "  Hall's  MSS."  in  compiling  his 
book) ;  Boase's  '  Modern  Biography '  ;  and 
Reading  Observer,  21  July  and  28  July,  1888. 
A.  L.  HUMPHREYS. 

187,  Piccadilly,  W. 

The  Rev.  W.  J.  Hall's  '  Psalms  and  Hymns 
-adapted  to  the  Services  of  the  Church  of 
England,'  known  as  the  '  Mitre  Hymn- 
book,'  was  published  in  1836,  and  went 
through  many  editions.  Mr.  Hall  was  a 
Minor  Canon  of  St.  Paul's,  and  held  other 
posts.  He  died  in  1861.  There  is  an 
account  of  him  in  Boase's  '  Mod.  Engi. 
Biog.'  ;  see  also  Crockford's  '  Clerical  Direc- 
tory,' 1860,  Miller's  '  Singers  and  Songs,' 
ed.  2,  1869,  p.  xi.  and  Cansick's  'Epitaphs 
of  Middlesex,'  1875,  iii.  61.  W.  C.  B. 

"  CYTEL  "  IN  ANGLO-SAXON  NAMES  (US. 
iv.  187,  233). — MB.  RAVENSHAW  says  his 
surname  is  derived  from  Ravenchil  in 
Domesday  Book.  So  is  the  surname  of 
Rawson,  which  became  first  Ravenson,  then 
Rawson.  This  family  is  mentioned  in  the 
Domesday  Book  as  holding  three  carucates 
of  land  in  Shipley  (Yorks)  and  other 
properties  in  Yorkshire  in  1086,  and  it 
had  been  located  in  the  valley  of  the  Aire 


long  before  the  Norman  Conquest.  The 
crest  is  a  raven's  head,  and  the  conversion 
from  Ravenchil  (child  of  the  Raven)  to 
Ravenson  is  very  obvious.  RAVEN. 

I  trust  MB.  RAVENSHAW' s  endeavour  to  de- 
rive the  patronymic  Churchill  from  Thurchil 
(Thurcytel)  will  be  successful.  A  far  more 
unlikely  change  is  noted  by  Canon  Bardsley, 
namely,  Anketil  into  Arkell  or  Archill, 
the  name  of  a  prominent  thegn  in  North- 
umberland who  took  part  in  the  revolt  of 
1068  against  William  I.  Bardsley  also  cites 
Grinketel,  which  became  Grinkle.  Cytel 
as  a  surname  developed  into  the  modern 
Chettle,  though  Kettle  is  also  to  be  met  with, 

PBOF.  SKEAT'S  remarks  on  the  formation 
of  quasi-surnames  in  Anglo-Saxon  times  are 
most  original  and  illuminating. 

N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

'  KNIGHT  OF  THE  BTJBNING  PESTLE  '  : 
"FS.  =  3s.  2cT'  (11  S.  iv.  348).— The  only 
difficulty  is  in  supposing  that  the  custom 
of  denoting  numbers  by  letters  is  so  old  as 
the  date  of  this  play.  It  is  common  enough 
now.  Take  any  word  or  words  that  consist 
of  ten  letters,  all  different  ;  they  need  not 
make  sense.  Take,  for  example,  the  words 
"  as  friendly."  Now  let  a  denote  1, 
s  denote  2,  and  so  on,  using  y  for  0.  Then 
it  is  obvious  that  fs  means  3s.  2d. 

WALTEB  W.  SKEAT. 
[MR.  RICHARD  WELFORD  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

VANISHING  LONDON  -.  PBOPBIETABY 
CHAPELS  (US.  ii.  202,  254,  293,  334  ;  iii.  149, 
193,  258). — Readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  may  be 
interested  to  know  that  Grosvenor  Chapel 
— a  chapel  of  ease  to  St.  George's,  Hanover 
Square — in  South  Audley  Street  has  recently 
been  thoroughly  done  up,  the  brickwork 
painted,  spire  repaired,  and  vane  regilt. 
One  scarcely  recognizes  the  old  edifice  in 
its  present  spick-and-span  condition. 

CECIL  CLABKE. 

Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 

TOUCHING  A  COBPSE  (11  S.  iv.  48,  95,  178). 
— Within  the  memory  of  my  informant, 
there  was  an  old  custom  in  this  place,  which 
is  an  interesting  variation  of  the  cases  cited 
by  your  correspondents.  Children  used  to 
be  taken  to  kiss  the  body  of  a  dead  person 
so  that  they  should  not  dream  about  him. 
The  practice  named  seems  to  have  prevailed 
here  at  least  till  1855,  and  probably  later. 

F.  S.  SNELL. 

Hendon,  N.W. 


ii  B.  iv.  NOV.  25,  mi.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


435 


"  SOUCHY  "  :  "  WATEB-STJCHY  "  (11  S. 
iii.  449  ;  iv.  13,  96,  137,  276).— Col.  A. 
Kenny-Herbert,  as  quoted  by  MB.  ROBERT 
PIEBPOINT  (ante,  p.  13),  seems  to  be  right 
in  deriving  these  words  from  Waterzootje 
(waterzode,  waterzoo,  or  sootje).  The  Dutch 
word  zode,  zoo,  zooi,  diminutive  zootje,  is 
related  to  the  verb  zieden,  to  boil,  English 
seethe,  and  means  "  a  quantity  of  food 
(especially  fish  or  greens)  enough  for  one 
meal,"  which  is  easily  accounted  for  by  the 
original  meaning  :  "a  quantity  cooked  at 
one  boiling."  As  in  the  Netherlands  zootje 
may  be  said  of  any  kind  of  fish,  it  is  easy 
to  understand  why  '  The  Cook's  Oracle ' 
should  have  suggested  "  flounders,  whitings, 
gudgeons,  or  eels  "  ;  and  the  fact  that  George 
Augustus  Sala  calls  "  Flounders  Water- 
Souchet  (or  Zootje)  a  Dutch  dainty,  for 
which  we  are  indebted  to  William  III.," 
makes  a  Dutch  origin  of  the  English  word 
still  more  likely.  If  borrowed  from  the 
Dutch,  the  original  pronunciation  of  the  ou 
may  have  been  like  that  of  ou  in  soul,  and 
of  the  ch  like  that  of  ch  in  church. 

The  initial  s  for  the  Dutch  z  may  be 
accounted  for  by  the  "fact  that  z  is  often 
voiceless  in  Dutch  ;  it  would  only  point  to 
the  word  having  been  borrowed  from  the 
spoken  and  not  from  the  written  language  ; 
additional  evidence  as  regards  this  is  the 
spelling  chy  for  tje. 

Zootje  is  also  used  in  the  expression 
*'  Het  is  me  een  zootje,"  meaning  "  They 
are  a  nice  lot."  J.  F.  BENSE. 

Arnhem,  the  Netherlands. 

THE  HALLETTS  OF  CANONS  (US.  iv.  281). 
— Thanks  to  the  courtesy  of  my  friend  MB. 
ALECK  ABBAHAMS,  I  am  able  to  add  a  few 
facts  to  this  article.  Mr.  Abrahams  has  a 
priced  catalogue  of  the  Canons  sale  extra- 
illustrated.  One  of  the  two  documents 
which  he  has  lent  me  would  seem  to  be  in 
the  handwriting  of  the  second  wife  of 
William  Hallett  (1).  It  runs  as  follows  :— 

"  The  Inscription  on  my  monument :  Lettice 
Hallett,  daughter  of  James  Hallett,  Gent:  Second 
Wife  of  William  Hallett,  Esq.,  of  Canons,  who  was 
deposited  in  a  vault  he  caused  to  be  built  in 
Whitchurch  near  this  place,  was  born  July,  1707, 
died  December  17,  1781.  Lettice  Hallett,  born 

Novbr,  1714,  married  June,  1756.  Died 

not  knowing  who  may  be  in  possession  of  Whit- 
church,  hath  desired  this  to  be  erected,  and  also 
the  cause  of  her  remains  being  buried  here." 

The  second  document  is  in  the  autograph  of 
Craddock,  a  friend  of  Richard  Gough,  and 
all  it  adds  to  the  above  is  that  the  vault 
was  built  in  the  chancel  of  the  church  of 
which  Halletfc  was  the  patron. 


The  Gainsborough  picture  was  No.  195 
(not  95,  as  stated  on  p.  281)  in  the  Old 
Masters'  Exhibition  of  1885,  and  the  error 
of  '  Squire  Hilliard  and  his  Wife '  arose 
from  the  fact  that  the  picture  was  obtained 
from  Mr.  William  Hilliard.  William  Hallett 
the  third  apparently  had  two  daughters 
besides  Charlotte,  who  married  Mr.  Kerr- 
Nelson.  One  of  these,  Emily,  married  the 
Rev.  Fulmer  William  Fowle,  Rector  of 
Allington,  Wilts,  who  had  nine  children, 
and  it  is  to  the  widow  of  one  of  these  (the 
Rev.  Edward  Fowle)  that  I  am  indebted 
for  some  further  particulars.  Another 
daughter  of  William  Hallett  the  third  seems 
to  have  married  a  Mr.  Hilliard,  and  the 
Gainsborough  picture  passed  into  this  branch 
of  the  family.  The  Kerr-Nelsons  appear  to 
have  become  extinct,  but  I  am  told  that 
there  are  still  descendants  of  the  Fowle  and 
Hilliard  branches.  W.  ROBEBTS. 

CBOSBY  HALL  (US.  iv.  327). — Both  the 
later  historians  of  Crosby  Place  provide 
information  on  the  removal  and  ultimate 
loss  of  the  ceiling  of  the  Council  Chamber. 
Mr.  Philip  Norman,  following  a  consideration 
of  the  various  descriptions  of  it  in  situ,  and 
Mr.  W.  F.  Goss  mention  its  purchase  by 
Charles  Yarnold  in  1819,  its  resale  to  L.  N. 
Cottingham  in  1825,  and  its  disappearance 
after  being  bought  by  a  "  Mr.  Walesby  " 
when,  in  1850,  Cottingham' s  Museum  was 
dispersed.  There  is  also  a  MS.  note  by 
Miss  Hackett : — • 

"  The  Council  Room  was  turned  into  a  Horn 
MU1,  and  the  lower  part  of  the  great  Hall  used  as 
Stabling.  A.D,  1816  the  then  owner*  Strickland 
Freeman,  anticipated  the  work  of  time  by  his 
extensive  dilapidations,  and  for  several  years  the 
ornamental  carvings  Within  reach  were  taken 
away  piecemeal,  or  were  used  as  firewood,  and 
the  neighbouring  families  could  only  regret  the 
devastation  which  they  were  unable  to  prevent/' 

Miss  Hackett  was,  I  believe,  born  at  8, 
Crosby  Square.  Her  parents  lived  there 
for  many  years.  ALECK  ABBAHAMS. 

KELMSCOTT  PBESS  TYPE  (US.  iv.  345).— 
The  editorial  note  confirmed  what  I  sur- 
mised, as,  apart  from  Mr.  Prince  being  in 
the  front  rank  of  typefounders'  punch- 
cutters,  he  worked  for  Messrs.  Reed.  I 
would  add  that,  whilst  it  is  an  easy  matter 
to  photo-zinco  initials  and  borders,  and  then 
electro  from  the  original  plate,  this  would  be 
very  difficult  from  single  types  (of  the  size 
employed  by  Morris),  and  I  have  never  heard 
of  it  being  done.  The  usual  procedure  is  to 
place  the  original  letters  in  an  electrotyping 
3attery,  and  "  grow  "  matrices  therefrom  ; 


486 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       fu  s.  iv,  NOV.  25,  mi. 


but,  owing  to  a  slight  contraction,  type  cast 
from  "  grown  "  matrices  can  be  generally 
detected  by  an  expert  typefounder.  An  j 
exact  reproduction  can  be  obtained  by  a 
method  in  which  either  a  punch-engraving 
or  a  matrix -cutting  machine  plays  an  impor- 
tant part.  The  type  to  be  copied  is  placed 
under  a  powerful  lens  in  a  strong  light,  and 
the  much-enlarged  image  projected  carefully 
traced.  From  the  drawing  a  punch  is 
engraved  and  a  matrix  struck,  or  the  matrix 
is  cut  direct  by  means  of  a  template  and 
pantograph.  Neither  of  these  processes, 
however,  would  have  been  possible  with  the 
Morris  types,  owing  to  the  surveillance 
exercised  over  them  ;  so  that  designing 
and  punch  -  engraving  were  necessary  for 
imitating,  in  the  first  instance  at  any  rate. 
This  is  what  took  place  with  Morris-type 
reproduction,  so  far  as  the  leading  American 
typefoundry  (the  first  to  reproduce)  was 
concerned,  though  its  product  has  since  been 
used  for  "  matrix-growing "  by  some  of 
the  smaller  English  foundries.  There  are 
very  few  punch-  or  matrix-cutting  machines 
in  this  country.  CHARLES  S.  BURDON. 

COLONIES  :  THEIR  ARMS  (11  S.  iv.  368). — 
In  reply  to  VERUS,  who  asks  what  illustrated 
work  contains  the  arms  of  our  Colonies  and 
dependencies,  I  may  say  that  a  volume  in  two 
parts  was  published  last  year  by  H.M.  Govern- 
ment containing  coloured  illustrations  of  the 
"  Flags,  Badges,  and  Arms  of  the  British 
Dominions  beyond  the  Seas."  This  can  be 
obtained  at  a  moderate  price  from  any  of  the 
agents  for  the  sale  of  official  publications. 
P.  EVANS  LEWIN,  Librarian  R.C.I. 

MANOR  01  MILTON  -  NEXT  -  GRAVESEND 
(US.  iv.  367).— Ls  it  not  possible  that  John 
Holland,  Earl  of  Huntingdon,  and  his  co- 
grantees  really  acquired  this  manor  in  1392 
as  trustees  for  the  Burley  family  ?  Sir 
Simon  Burley  was  a  close  friend  of  the 
royal  family,  and  Joan,  Princess  of  Wales, 
mother  of  John  Holland,  in  her  will,  dated 
within  her  castle  of  Wallingford,  7  Aug., 
proved  9  Dec.,  1385,  appointed  him  one  of 
her  executors. 

FRANCIS  P.  MAROHANT. 
Streatham  Common. 

John  Haddele  (Hadeleye),  who  granted 
this  manor  to  Reynold  Cobhain  in  exchange 
for  lands  in  Middlesex  and  Essex,  mentions 
in  his  will,  dated  1  Jan.,  1405/6,  his  manor 
called  "  Cobammes,"  in  the  parish  of 
Stepney  ('Calendar  of  Wills,  Court  of 
Husting,  London,'  part  ii.  pp.  417-18).  At 
his  Inq.  p.m.,  11  Hen.  IV.,  he  was  found  to 


hold,  by  grant  of  Reynold  Cobham  and 
Elizabeth  his  wife,  ten  acres  in  Stratford 
Langthorne,  Essex,  held  of  the  Abbot  of 
Stratford,  and  a  manor  called  "  Cobbammes  " 
in  Stepney,  Middlesex,  held  of  the  Bishop  of 
London.  If  the  date  at  which  he  became 
possessed  of  this  property  could  be  ascer- 
tained, it  would  fix  the  date  of  the  transfer 
of  Milton.  S.  L. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (11  S» 
iv.  28). — I  very  much  doubt  whether  any 
author  could  be  found  for  the  two  Latin 
lines  quoted  by  J.  T.  F.  from  a  stained 
window  at  Honington,  Warwickshire.  I 
should  conjecture  they  were  not  part  of  any 
poem,  but  composed  in  order  to  be  placed 
under  a  representation  of  Christ. 

Last  summer  I  copied  the  following,  which 
differs  in  only  two  words,  from  under  a 
crucifix,  erected  in  1777,  close  to  the  site 
of  the  old  Mtinstertor,  in  the  town  of  Fritz- 
lar:— 

Effigiem  Ohristi  cum  transis  semper  houora. 

Xon  tarn  en  effigiem  sed  quern  designat  adora. 

Probably  they  were  to  be  found  at  one  time 
in  many  places. 

In  Nathan.  Chytrams's  '  Delicise  '  (ed.  3, 
1606,  p.  510)  is  an  elegiac  couplet,  the  first 
line  of  which  bears  some  resemblance  to 
those  quoted  above.  It  is  said  to  be  under 
a  crucifix  on  a  monument  erected  in  memory 
of  Frederic  II.  of  Denmark,  near  Segeberg, 
Hoist  ein,  by  Henry  Rantzau,  in  1588  : — 
Ipsum  tu  Christum,  quern  crux  designat,  adora, 

Atque  tuum  placide  ferre  memento  crucem. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

LUCK  CUPS  (11  S.  iv.  389). — A  paragraph 
entitled  '  A  Goblet  with  a  Story  '  appeared 
in  The  Northampton  Herald  of  1  January, 
1909,  from  which  I  extract  the  following  : — 

"The  Arniston  branch  of  the  Dundas  family 
possesses  a  curious  Venetian  goblet,  and,  like  the 
famous  '  luck  '  of  Edenhall,  they  believe  that  their 
prosperity  depends  upon  its  preservation.  It  was 
given  by  his  mother  to  Sir  James  Dundas,  in  the 
reign  of  Queen  Mary,  with  an  injunction  to  pre- 
serve it  carefully,  or  misfortunes  would  attend  the 
family.'' 

Would  this  be  the  third  cup  to  which 
RAVEN  refers  ? 

An  engraving  from  a  copyright  photo- 
graph of 'the  '"Luck  of  Edenhall  Goblet' 
appeared  in  The  Daily  Mail  of  16  July,. 
1901.  JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

Long  Itchiiigton,  Warwickshire. 

In  the  editorial  note  reference  is  .  made- 
to  the  ':  late "  MR.  SIDNEY  HABTLAND. 
Fortunately,  MR.  HARTLAND  is  still  living  in 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  25, 19H.1        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


437 


Gloucester,  and,  so  far  as  one  can  say,  has 
many  years  before  him.  His  work  on 
'  Primitive  Paternity,'  published  by  the 
Folk-lore  Society  in  1909-10,  bears  witness 
to  his  activity  and  research. 

ROLAND  AUSTIN. 
Public  Library,  Gloucester. 

SPANISH  MOTTO  (US.  iv.  290,  338,  353).— 
By  a  freak  of  memory  the  writer  gave  "  Fray 
Antonio  de  Agapida"  as  the  historical  source 
of  Irving' s  account  of  the  war  of  Granada. 
This  highly  amusing  mnemonic  aberration 
is  perhaps  not  incomprehensible  in  one  who, 
though  not  unacquainted  with  Spanish 
chronicles  in  the  original,  has  not  read 
Washington  Irving  since  youth. 

In  proffering  a  humble  apology  to  the 
Editor  and  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.,'  the  writer 
finds  some  consolation  in  the  fact  that  the 
same  memory,  dormant  when  he  turned  up 
Washington  Irving,  now  enables  him,  un- 
prompted, to  rectify  the  "  howler." 

SICILE.  * 

DATES  IN  ROMAN  NUMERALS  (11  S.  iv. 
250,  315,  377):— 

clo.  Ix.  xlnx. 
Cal.  Decemb.  viii. 

John  Evelyn  recorded  in  his  '  Diary  '  (1648, 
29  Nov.)  that  he  had  an  inscription,  including 
this  date,  engraved  on  a  piece  of  plate  which 
he  gave  to  his  niece  on  her  marriage. 

F.  R.  F. 

BRISTOL  CATHEDRAL  CLOCK  (11  S.  iv.  348). 
— I  would  suggest  that  the  name  is  Hebditch. 
Forty  years  ago  this  name  abounded  at 
South  Petherton  in  Somersetshire,  of  which 
parish  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Bristol  are 
patrons.  S.  H.  A.  H. 

"HAPPEN"  (11  S.  iv.  346).— This  word 
was  used  as  a  familiar  equivalent  for  "  per- 
haps "  thirty  years  ago,  and,  for  aught  I 
know,  is  still  current  in  Yorkshire.  It 
seems  to  have  been  overlooked  by  lexico- 
graphers. Example  :  "  Happen  [i.e.,  per- 
haps] I  may  go  to-morrow." 

HENRY  SMYTH. 

Stamnore  Road,  Edgbaston. 

MARLOWES  (11  S.  iv.  370). — This  name  is 
probably  derived  from — (1)  mare  or  mere, 
A.-S.  for  a  pool  of  stagnant  water,  and  (2) 
•hlaw,  A.-S.  for  a  hill,  a  mound,  or  rising 
ground.  It  would  thus  appear  to  mean 
"  the  marsh  by  the  hill,"  or  the  "  pool  at 
the  foot  of  the  hill."  Norden,  speaking  of 
Berkhampstead  in  his  '  Speculum  Britannise,' 


says  that  the  Saxons  called  this  place  "  Berg- 
hamstedt  "  because  of  its  position  as  "  villa 
sita  inter  montes,"  and  it  is  more  than  prob- 
able that  the  position  of  the  Marlowes  is 
also  responsible  for  their  name. 

THOMAS  Wai.  HUCK. 
Saffron  Walden. 

WILLIAM  WOOLLETT  (11  S.  iv.  346). — 
What  was  the  date  of  his  birth  ?  He  was 
buried  in  St.  Pancras  Churchyard.  An 
engraving  of  his  gravestone,  "  as  recently 
restored  by  the  Graphic  Society,"  appeared  in 
The  Illustrated  London  News  of  29  Aug.,  1846. 
Thence  I  copy  the  following  inscription  : — 

William  Woollett 
Engraver  to  his  Majesty 

was  born  at 

Maidston  in  Kent 

upon  the  16  of  August 

MD.CC.XXXV. 

He  died  the  23  and 

was  interred  in  this  place 

on  the  28  day  of  May 

MD.CC.LXXXV. 

Elizabeth  Woollett 
Widow  of  the  above 
Died  December  15th  1819 
Aged  73  years. 

Cansick's  copy  of  the  above  inscription  gives 
the  date  of  birth  as  15  Aug.  He  also  repro- 
duces a  copy  of  the  inscription  to  Woollett' s 
memory  in  the  Cloisters,  Westminster,  the 
date  there  being  22  Aug.  This  coincides 
with  the  '  Vergers'  Guide  to  the  Abbey,' 
Allen  ('History  of  London,'  iv.  149),  how- 
ever, records  the  date  as  29  Aug.  I  shall 
be  glad  to  know  which  of  these  is  correct. 
JOHN  T.  PAGE. 
Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

PENGE  AS  A  PLACE-NAME  (11  S.  iv,  330). — 
Before  we  can  tell  the  origin  of  this  name, 
some  one  must  find  a  really  old  spelling  of  it. 
Evidence  of  the  seventeenth  century  is  abso- 
lutely valueless  ;  experience  shows  that  we 
must  try  to  obtain  a  spelling  earlier  than 
1300.  WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

"  I   AM  PAID   REGULAR  WAGES  "    (11    S.    iv. 

287,  356). — I  am  afraid  that  MR.  CELL'S 
ingenious  eureka  of  the  Latin  double 
accusative  will  not  assoil  the  faulty 
English  construction  anathematized  by 
DR.  KRUEGER.  The  Doctor's  position  (ante, 
p.  287)  is  that  since  a  passive  verb  cannot  have 
a  direct  object,  such  a  sentence  as  "I  was 
given  him  "  is  ungrammatical ;  he  adds  that 
it  is  illogical,  since  he,  not  I,  "  was  given." 
MR.  GELL  urges  against  this  that  when  in 
Latin  a  verb  of  asking  is  followed  by  two 
accusatives,  of  the  person  and  the  thing, 
the  verb,  if  cast  into  the  passive  .form,  carries 


438 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       m  s.  iv.  NOV.  25,  MIL 


after  it  an  accusative.  An  accusative,  yes  ; 
a  direct  object,  no.  The  double  accusative 
is  due  to  the  fact  that  certain  verbs — in- 
terrogo,  flagito,  doceo,  celo,  &c. — bear  a  double 
meaning.  Interrogo  Ciceronem  means,  "  I 
question  Cicero  "  ;  interrogo  sententiam,  "  I 
solicit  or  demand  his  opinion  "  ;  it  is  really 
a  double  sentence  with  a  zeugma  in  the  verb. 
Transformed  into  the  passive,  interrogo 
Ciceronem  becomes  "  interrogatus  Cicero  "  ; 
interrogo  sententiam  becomes  "  interrogata 
sententia  "  :  in  each  case  the  accusative 
belonging  to  the  other  meaning  of  the  verb 
is  by  the  Latin  idiom  retained,  but  retained 
indirectly  or  elliptically,  not  as  a  direct 
object.  The  only  English  word,  I  think, 
which  holds  this  double  meaning  is  "  ask  "  ; 
but  "  I  asked  him  his  opinion,"  "  I  asked 
him  a  guinea  for  the  book,"  are  colloquial, 
not  pure  English,  and  to  no  other  of  the 
words  cited  by  DR.  KRUEGER — afford,  give, 
offer,  &c. — does  the  Latin  analogy  apply. 

ORBILIUS. 

'  SWALE,"  "SWEAL"  :  ITS  AMERICAN  AND 
ENGLISH  MEANINGS  (US.  iv.  67,  114,  175, 
351). — When  a  boy  I  did  a  good  deal  of 
candle  -  holding  for  my  father  and  others 
whilst  they  were  working  on  winter  evenings. 
Thus  I  often  heard  this  word  used.  The 
nearest  spelling  that  I  can  get  to  the  pro- 
nunciation is  sweeul  or  sweeal.  The  word 
was  applied  indifferently  to  the  flame  being 
blown  aside,  and  to  the  guttering  produced 
thereby,  or  when  the  candle  was  held  out  of 
the  perpendicular.  Thus  it  seems  to  me 
that  the  two  ways  of  using  the  word  given 
at  the  last  reference  may  have  a  close  con- 
nexion in  origin.  ABM.  NEWELL. 

Longfield  Road,  Todmorden. 

C.  F.  LAWLER  (11  S.  iv.  349).— A  very  full 
notice  of  Dr.  Wolcot  in  the  anonymous 
'  Dictionary  of  Living  Authors  '  (by  F. 
Shoberl  and  W.  Upcott),  published  in  1816, 
ends  with  the  following  mention  of  Lawler  : — 

"  Latterly  the  name  of  Peter  Pindar  has  been  un- 
warrantably assumed  by  one  Lawler,  a  poetaster  of 
little  or  no  wit,  merely  to  deceive  the  public  and  to 
bring  some  profit  to  the  writer  and  his  bookseller.'' 

W.  D.  MACRAY. 

NOEL,  COOK  TO  FREDERICK  THE  GREAT 
(11  S.  iv.  269).— It  may  be  that  MR. 
SCHLOESSER  might  get  some  information  if 
he  were  to  write  to  the  proprietor  of  the 
Cafe  Noel-Peters,  Passage  des  Princes, 
Boulevard  des  Italiens,  Paris.  The  Passage 
runs  from  the  Boulevard  into  the  Rue  de 
Richelieu.  This  well-known  restaurant  was, 
I  believe,  founded  many  years  ago  by  one 


Peters,  an  Englishman.  "  Sandwiches,"  &c.r 
used  to  be  engraved  on  the  windows,  and 
probably  are  there  still. 

According  to  what  I  heard  perhaps  thirty 
years  ago,  Mr.  Peters  having  died,  his  widow 
married  M.  Noel.  Perhaps  he  was  a  de- 
scendant of  Frederick  the  Great's  Noel. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

BAKED  PE  ARS  =  "  WARD  ENS  "  (11  S  iv. 
309,  371).— In  answer  to  J.  F.  R.  (p.  372), 
Chrustumium  is  evidently  a  variant  of  the 
"  Crustumia  pira  "  of  Virg.,  '  Geo.,'  ii.  88. 
They  are  also  mentioned  by  Columella 
(v.  x.  18  andxii.  x.  4).  H.  K.  ST.  J.  S. 

PEARS  :  "  DOYENNE  DTI  COMICE  "  (11  S. 
iv.  309,  372).  —  This  pear  was  also  called 
"poire  de  la  St.  Michel,"  from  being  in 
season  from  Michaelmas.  "  Les  cornices 
agricoles  "  were  agricultural  unions  started 
in  the  sixteenth  century  in  France  for  the 
improvement  of  the  cultivation  of  land. 
They  took  their  names  from  the  Roman 
comitium  or  assembly  of  voters.  Doyenne 
(through  doyen,  eccles.  Lat.  decanum)  indi- 
cated the  superior  position  held  by  this  fruit 
in  the  estimation  of  its  producers,  and  is 
short,  I  suppose,  for  "poire  de  Doyenne." 
A.  E.  P.  RAYMUND  DOWLING. 

LlONS     MODELLED     BY     ALFRED      STEVENS 

(11  S.  iv.  349). — The  lions  on  the  railing  in 
front  of  the  Law  Institution  in  Chancery 
Lane  date  only  from  March,  1904,  when  the 
new  wing  at  the  corner  of  Carey  Street  was 
opened.  They  were  then  newly  made  from 
Steven s's  model  to  the  order  of  the  Law 
Society,  and  did  not  come  from  the  British 
Museum. 

Some  similar  lions  used  formerly  to  adorn 
the  railings  outside  the  British  Museum, 
but  about  twenty  years  ago,  when  Great 
Russell  Street  was  being  widened,  the  railing 
on  which  they  stood  was  removed,  as  it 
encroached  somewhat  on  the  public  foot- 
path ;  and  since  then  the  lions  themselves 
have  been  distributed  among  the  galleries 
inside  the  building,  and  may  be  seen  there 
at  any  time.  ALAN  STEWART. 

[MR.  ALECK  ABRAHAMS  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

REV.  JOHN  M 'BRIDE  OF  BELFAST  (11  S. 
iv.  307). — A  letter  of  1710  of  this  once  con- 
spicuous divine  appears  in  the  '  Wodrow 
Correspondence,'  3  vols.,  Edinburgh,  1843, 
followed  by  later  contemporary  mentions 
of  his  strikingly  named  fiery  polemic  tract 
and  the  turmoil  it  set  in  motion  at  the 
period.  J.  G..  CUPPLES. 

Brookline,  Massachusetts. 


ii  s.  iv.  NOV.  25,  mi.)        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


439 


QUEEN  ELIZABETH'S  DAY  :  17  NOVEMBER 
(11  S.  ii.  401,  453). — In  the  Chapter  Library 
at  Westminster  is  a  manuscript  volume  of 
'Poems  to  Q.  Elizabeth,'  of  about  1587. 
Among  the  writers  are  John  Packer, 
Peter  Smart,  and  John  Whit  gift :  see 
Robinson  and  James,  '  Manuscripts  of  West- 
minster Abbey,'  1909,  p.  90. 

Packer  himself  wrote  a  volume  of  Greek 
and  Latin  verses,  '  Elizabetha,  sive  Augus- 
tissimae  Anglorum  Principis  Encomium,'  for 
which  see  '  D.N.B.,'  xliii.  32  b. 

The  book  on  '  Clymactericall  Yeeres,'  by 
T.  W.,  1604  (11  S.  ii.  401),  was  written  by 
Thomas  Wright  ('  D.N.B.,'  Ixiii.  128  b). 

There  is  an  illustrated  article  on  this  day 
in  *  The  Book  of  Days,'  ii.  588-90. 

W.  0.  B. 

'  ENGLTSCHE  SCHNITZER  '  (11  S.  iv.  368).— 
*  EnglischeSprach-Schnitzer'  wasbyO'Clarus 
Hiebslac,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Fellow  of  the  German 
Athenaeum  in  London,  &c.  It  was  first 
published  at  Strassburg  in  1884.  A  second 
edition  was  issued  soon  after,  which  bears 
the  date  at  the  end  of  the  preface,  "  London, 
November,  1884."  My  copy,  which  is  a 
third  edition,  is  dated  "  London,  Mai,  1886." 
It  is  worthy  of  the  attention  of  every  student 
of  German  and  English,  and  especially  so 
if  one  is  interested  in  "  howlers." 

THOMAS  WM.  HUCK. 

Saffron  Walden. 

'HOWDEN  FAIR'  (11  S.  iv.  325).— MR. 
EDWARD  PEACOCK,  who  so  frequently  con- 
tributes dainties  to  the  banquets  of  '  N.&  Q.,' 
has  already  served  up  this  song  (7  S.  v.  345). 
There  are  slight  differences  in  the  versions, 
due,  no  doubt,  to  tricks  of  memory  on  the 
part  of  the  narrators.  I  do  not  know  who 
wrote  the  song,  which  suggests  by  means 
of  words  the  fuss  and  clatter  of  a  country 
horse-fair  almost  as  well  as  Rosa  Bonheur 
did  with  her  pigments.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

[W.  C.  B.  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

JESSIE  BROWN  AND  THE  RELIEF  or 
LUCKNOW  (11  S.  iv.  328,  416).— '  Jessie 
Brown ;  or,  the  Relief  of  Lucknow  :  a 
Drama  in  Three  Acts,'  was  written  by  Dion 
Boucicault  for  Wallack's  Theatre,  New 
York,  where  it  was  played  for  over  eighty 
nights.  It  was  first  given  in  England  in 
November,  1858,  at  the  Theatre  Royal, 
Plymouth,  under  the  management  of  J.  R. 
Newcome.  It  was  described  in  the  pre- 
liminary announcements  at  Plymouth  as 
being  "  a  new,  great,  and  original  play, 
founded  on  a  beautiful  episode  in  the  present 
Indian  War  "  ;  and  that  episode  was  set 


out  at  full  length  from  "  an  account  taken 
from  the  letters  of  a  lady,  one  of  the  rescued 
on  the  26th  September  [1857]  when  Luck- 
now  was  relieved  by  the  forces  under  Sir 
Colin  Campbell."  ALFRED  F.  ROBBINS. 


on 


The    Cambridge    History    of    English    Literature* 

Edited  by  A.  W.   Ward   and   A.  B.   Waller.— 

Vol.  VII.    Cavalier  and  Puritan.      (Cambridge 

University  Press.) 

STUDENTS  have  by  this  time,  we  imagine,  found 
this  history  invaluable.  It  is  full  of  facts,  and 
remarkably  accurate.  The  arrangement  of  the 
chapters,  too,  is  so  made  as  to  group  successfully 
some  writers  who  generally  escape  the  notice  of 
the  literary  critic. 

The  selection  of  contributors  shows  a  wide 
and  catholic  knowledge  of  the  world  of  scholar- 
ship, and,  though  they  have  their  differences  in 
style  and  manner  of  presentment,  every  one  of 
them  is  a  capable  judge  of  his  subject. 

In  the  special  sections  which  lie  a  little  outside 
belles  -  lettres  the  choice  of  the  editors  is  par- 
ticularly good.  The  chapters,  for  instance,  of 
Prof.  Sorley  on  '  Hobbes  and  Contemporary 
Philosophy  '  and  Prof.  Foster  Watson  on 
'  Scholars  and  Scholarship,  1600-60,'  should 
satisfy  at  once  the  advanced  reader  and  the 
ordinary  man  of  education  who  takes  a  general 
interest  in  their  themes. 

The  pleasantest  chapters  to  read,  and  not  the 
least  learned,  are  Dr.  Ward's  two  on  '  Historical 
and  Political  Writings.'  Prof.  Saintsbury's  extra- 
ordinary dialect,  which  spreads  over  three 
chapters,  we  tolerate  for  the  sake  of  his  erudition. 
He  dealt  with  Shakespeare  in  an  earlier  volume, 
and  in  this  he  is  entrusted  with  Milton,  and  gives 
a  satisfactory  estimate,  though  to  our  mind 
unduly  scorning  tradition  and  controversy. 
Thus  he  says  — 

"  His  college  sojourn  begins  the  Milton  legend 
and  controversy  —  tedious  and  idle  like  all  con- 
troversial legends,  and  to  be  kept  down  as  much 
as  possible." 

The  bookman  has,  it  seems  to  us,  an  exaggerated 
contempt  for  oral  tradition,  which  may  contain 
some  valuable  hint  of  fact  or  likelihood.  In  this 
case  of  Milton,  Johnson  makes  at  least  a  definite 
statement  which  "  may  safely  be  rejected," 
according  to  Dr.  Bass  Mullinger  in  his  masterly 
volume  of  Cambridge  history  issued  this  year. 
Whether  any  of  Johnson's  conclusions  here  can 
be  accepted  is  doubtful,  but  they  have  been 
followed  by  a  host  of  commentators  and  writers 
who  make  no  original  research,  and  therefore 
it  seems  to  us  that  the  evidence  was  worth 
exhibiting  and  appreciating  at  its  proper  value. 

On  the  verse  of  '  Paradise  Lost  '  Prof.  Saints- 
bury  is  at  once  concise  and  judicious,  and  his 
comments  on  the  influence  of  Milton  on  English 
letters  are  excellent.  When,  however,  he  adds 
that  Milton  "  has  had  few  admirer?  out  of  Eng- 
land," we  recall  more  than  one  piece  of  evidence 
that  '  Paradise  Lost  '  is  a  familiar  classic  in 
Russia.  In  dealing  with  Milton's  education  the 
Professor  introduces  us  to  a  new  adjective  which 
we  like,  "  Blimberian." 


440 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        cns.iv.  NOV.  25,1911. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — NOVEMBER. 

MESSRS.  GOAD  of  Bath  have  just  issued  two 
of  their  Shilling  Clearance  Lists.  These  are 
marked  Al  and  A2,  and  contain  over  1,000  entries. 

Messrs.  Higham's  Catalogue  504  is,  as  usual, 
principally  devoted  to  theology  and  kindred 
subjects.  We  may  mention  a  complete  set  of 
The  Church  Quarterly  Review,  October,  1875,  to 
October,  1911,  6Z.  15s.  ;  Hurrell  Froude's  '  Re- 
mains,' edited  by  Keble  and  Newman,  4  vols., 
1838-9,  11.  15s.  ;  Haddan  and  Stubbs's  '  Councils 
and  Ecclesiastical  Documents  relating  to  Great 
Britain  and  Ireland,'  3  vols.  in  4,  1869-71, 
3Z.  3s.  ;  Hastings's  '  Dictionary  of  the  Bible,' 
5  vols.,  1906,  4Z.  4s.  ;  The  Hibbert  Journal, 
Nos.  1-32,  21.  ;  a  manuscript  collection  of  360 
Hymns  and  11  Doxologies,  in  the  writing  of  Sir 
Richard  Hill  of  Hawkstone  Park,  3Z.  3s.  ;  and 
4  Tracts  for  the  Times,'  6  vols.,  1840-41,  II  5s. 

Mr.  J.  Jacobs  has  in  his  Catalogue  59  a  number 
of  tracts  by  Swift,  including  first  editions  of  the 
first  three  Drapier  Letters.  Under  Dublin  also 
will  be  found  a  collection  of  rare  tracts  printed 
there.  Other  entries  comprise  Barbier's  '  Dic- 
tionnaire  des  Ouvrages  Anonymes  et  Pseu- 
donymes,'  first  edition,  4  vols.,  1806,  21.  2s.  ; 
•64  early  numbers  of  The  Calcutta  Review,  61.  6s.  ; 
Crocker's  '  English  Dictionary,'  edited  by  Haw- 
kins, 1724,  1Z.  5s.  ;  Hamilton's  '  Grammont,' 
first  English  edition,  1714,  21.  2s.  ;  '  Monnaies 
inconnues  des  Eveques  des  Innocens,'  &c.,  first 
•edition,  46  plates,  1837,  11.  5s.  ;  the  first  edition 
of  the  '  De  Natura  Hominis  '  of  Nemesius,  and 
the  first  complete  edition  of  Cleander,  bound  in 
one  volume,  1565-6,  11.  5s.  ;  Ozell's  translation 
of  Brantome,  1744,  11.  5s.  ;  and  Rodkinson's 
translation  of  the  Babylonian  Talmud,  second 
edition,  20  vols.  in  10,  61.  6s. 

Messrs.  Lupton  Brothers  of  Burnley  send  their 
Catalogue  115,  which  is  arranged  in  three  sections, 
viz.,  General  Literature,  Natural  History  Science, 
and  Poetry  and  Drama.  Under  General  Lite- 
rature are  many  choice  books,  such  as  Smith's 
'  Catalogue  Raisonne,'  9  vols.,  1908,  2Z.  10s.  ; 
Nicolas's  '  Knighthood,'  containing  22  Baxter 
prints,  4  vols.,  8Z.  8s.  ;  the  illustrated  Library 
Edition  of  Dickens,  30  vols.,  three-quarters 
levant  morocco,  gilt  tops,  14L  14s.  ;  the  Library 
Edition  of  George  Eliot,  calf,  gilt  tops,  9Z.  ;  the 
eleventh  edition  of  '  The  Encyclopaedia  Britannica,' 
on  India  paper,  28  vols.,  flexible  sheepskin,  24Z.  ; 
'  The  Historians'  History  of  the  World,'  with 
bookcase,  25  vols.,  11.  10s.  (Times  price  25L)  ; 
and  the  scarce  first  edition  of  Jesse's  '  Pretenders,' 
2  vols.,  21.  15s.  A  set  of  the  Transactions  of  the 
Federated  Institution  of  Mining  Engineers, 
18  vols.,  is  priced  9Z.  ;  a  set  of  Pater's  Works, 
4Z.  10s.  ;  the  Library  Edition  of  Ruskin's  Works, 
38  vols.,  25Z.  ;  and  the  original  Library  Edition 
of  Scott,  extra-illustrated,  25  vols.,  three-quarter 
morocco,  gilt  tops,  12Z.  12s. 

The  Natural  Science  section  is  divided  into 
14  headings  to  facilitate  reference.  Under  Poetry 
and  Drama  are  Gilfillan's  '  Poets,'  48  vols.,  half- 
morocco,  4Z.  ;  Johnson's  '  English  Poets,'  68  vols., 
2Z.  5s.  ;  and  the  black-letter  edition  of  Chaucer, 
1602,  4Z.  4s. 

Mr.  W.  M.  Murphy  of  Liverpool  has  several 
important  books  in  his  Catalogue  169.  We  may 
mention  Audubon  and  Bachrnan's  '  Quadrupeds 


of  North  America,'  3  vols.,  coloured  plates, 
1851-4,  13Z.  13s.  ;  Journal  of  the  Asiatic  Society, 
1897-1909,  17  vols.,  6Z.  10s.;  Buller's  'Birds  of 
New  Zealand,'  hand-coloured  plates,  1873, 
5Z.  5s.  ;  the  Illustrated  Edition  of  Dickens,  30 
vols.,  4Z.  15s.  ;  Westwood's  '  Palaeographia  Sacra 
Pictoria  '  50  plates,  1863-5,  11.  ;  Bing's  '  Artistic 
Japan,'  6  vols.  in  3,  coloured  plates,  1888-91, 
5Z.  5s.  ;  Audsley  and  Bowes's  '  Keramic  Art  of 
Japan,'  2  vols.,  coloured  plates,  1875,  5Z.  10s.  ; 
Repton's  '  Landscape  Gardening,'  26  plates,  1794, 
11.  ;  Christopher  St.  Germain's  '  Dyaloges  be- 
tweene  a  Doctour  of  Divinitie  and  a  Student  in 
the  Lawes  of  Englande,'  black-letter,  1554,  5Z.  ; 
and  the  first  edition  of  '  Peregrine  Pickle,'  4  vols., 
1751,  5Z.  5s. 

Messrs.  Rimell's  Catalogue  227  includes  La 
Fontaine,  '  Contes  et  Nouvelles,'  Fermiers  Gene- 
raux  edition,  2  vols.,  beautifully  illustrated, 
Amsterdam,  1762,  50Z.  ;  Kentish  Tracts  of  the 
seventeenth  and  eighteenth  centuries,  31  bound 
in  1  vol.,  21Z.  ;  Pine's  Horace,  2  vols.,  1733,  15Z.  ; 
Bacon's  '  Advancement  of  Learning,'  first  edition, 
1605,  14Z.  14s.  ;  a  series  of  Leigh  Hunt's  Works, 
24  vols.,  nearly  all  first  editions,  8Z.  8s.  ;  J.  H. 
Jesse's  Works,  17  vols.,  all  first  editions,  21Z.  ; 
and  Wordsworth  and  Coleridge's  '  Lyrical  Ballads,' 
3  vols.,  1798-1800,  7Z.  17s.  6d.  Among  extra- 
illustrated  theatrical  Lives  are  those  of  Bannister, 
2  vols.,  HZ.  11s.  ;  Elliston,  2  vols.,  12Z.  12s.  ; 
Kemble,  2  vols.,  12Z.  12s.  ;  and  Macready,  2  vols., 
8Z.  8s.  There  is  also  a  long  series  of  books  illus- 
trated by  Cruikshank. 

THE  news  that  Mr.  Aleyn  Lyell  Reade  is  pub- 
lishing a  new  instalment  of  his  '  Johnsonian 
Gleanings  '  is  very  Welcome.  His  address  is 
Park  Corner,  Blundellsands,  near  Liverpool,  and 
all  good  Johnsonians  should  become  subscribers 
to  work  Which  is  at  once  fresh  and  careful. 
'  Francis  Barber,  the  Doctor's  Negro  Servant,' 
is  the  subject  of  the  new  part,  in  which  Mr.  Reade 
will  follow  the  career  of  him  and  his  family,  and 
afford  some  interesting  side-lights  on  Johnson. 


CORRESPONDENTS  who  send  letters  to  be  for- 
warded to  other  contributors  should  put  on  the  top 
left-hand  corner  of  their  envelopes  the  number  of 
the  page  of  '  IS .  &  Q.'  to  which  their  letters  refer, 
so  that  the  contributor  may  be  readily  identified. 
Otherwise  much  time  has  to  be  spent  in  tracing  the 
querist. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries'" — Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub- 
lishers " — at  the  Office,  Brea/n's  Buildmss,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

C.  C.  and  H.  R.  S.  C.— Forwarded. 

R.  J.  F. — Anticipated  ante,  p.  416 

S.  I).  C.— Anticipated  ante,  p.  417. 

L.  E.  M.  ("  '  Universal  British  Directory  of 
Trade  and  Commerce  '  :  Webb,  London  Watch- 
maker "). — Try  the  Guildhall  Library,  which  has 
a  large  collection  of  Directories  ;  also  F.  J. 
Britten's  '  Old  Clocks  and  Watches  and  their 
Makers,'  of  which  an  enlarged  edition  appeared 
last  June. 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  2,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


441 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  DECEMBER  2,  1911. 


CONTENTS. -No.  101. 

NOTES  :— Robert  Aske,  441— Dickens  and  th*  Inscribed 
Stone,  443— "  Scotland  for  Ever  !"  444— Dr.  Johnson  and 
Dr.  Dodd— A  Racket  Cow,  445— Bassett  or  Bassock 
Family— Death  of  Wolfe— Wart  Charms— Otter  at  a  CUy 
Station— Regimental  Sobriquets— Henry  Oliver,  Centen- 
arian— "  Samhowd,"  446. 

QUERIES:— Hebrew  Medal— ^penser  and  Dante-Lady 
Hamilton's  Hair— Matthew  Prior  of  Long  Island— Mor- 
land's  Inn  Sign,  447 — Lady  Bulmer— Ant-igallican  Society 
— Bennetto  Family— 'The  Robbers'  Cave'— St.  Bride's: 
J.  Pridden  —  Anvil  Cure  —  Yarm  :  Private  Brown  — 
Glastonbury,  and  Joseph  of  Arimathea— Latin  Accentua- 
tion, 448— Authors  Wanted  —  Dillon  on  Disraeli— Old 
Sampler— Lucius— The  Dublin  Gunns— Bequest  of  Bibles 
—'The  Young  Man's  Companion '—North  Devon  Words 
c.  1600— Murder  in  America— Hadria— Geese  and  Michael- 
mas Day,  450. 

REPLIES  :  —  Early  Arms  of  France,  450  —  Municipal 
Records  Printed.  451— Ceylon  Officials :  Capt.  Anderson, 
453  — Duke  of  Wellington's  First  School  —  Friday  as 
Christian  Name,  454— Hulda— American  National  Flower 
—'Progress  of  Error '— Tattershall :  Grantham,  455— 
Peers  immortalized  by  Public-Houses— Urban  V.'s  Family 
Name— Bradshaw  the  Regicide,  456— Porch  Inscription 
in  Latin— Lowther  Family  -Church  with  Wooden  Bell- 
Turret  —  Burgh-on-Sands,  457  -Noble  Families  in  Shake- 
speare — "  Broken  Counsellor  "— Weare  and  Thurtell  — 
"Fent"— John  Downman — Bearded  Soldiers— Military 
Executions,  458— "  Shoe  her  horse  round"— 'The  Noon 
Gazette '— Du  Bellay— Diatoric  Teeth  -R.  Anstruther, 
M.P.— Mr.  Stock,  Bibliophile,  459. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :— '  A  Thomas  Hardy  Dictionary  '— 
Dean  Swift's  Correspondence,  Vol.  II—1  King  Arthur  in 
History  and  Legend  '— '  Notes  on  Phipps  Families.' 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


ROBERT    ASKE. 

OF  the  life  of  this  famous  leader  of  the 
Pilgrimage  of  Grace  prior  to  the  rebellion 
very  little  is  known.  A  slight  addition  to 
our  knowledge  is  made  by  a  MS.  recently 
acquired  by  the  British  Museum,  and  it 
seems  well  that  this  should  be  recorded. 
The  MS.  in  question  (now  Add.  MS.  38133) 
was  formerly  Phillipps  MS.  3765.  It  is 
described  both  in  the  Phillipps  catalogue 
and  in  the  1911  sale  catalogue  as  containing 
genealogical  collections  by  Robert  Aske, 
but  Sir  Thomas  Phillipps,  who  published 
several  items  from  the  MS.  in  vol.  i.  of  the 
*  Collectanea  Topographica  et  Genealogica  ' 
(pp.  20,  168,  243,  324),  does  not  seem  to  have 
identified  this  person  with  the  leader  of  the 
Pilgrimage  of  Grace.  He  has  written  a  pencil 
note  on  the  back  of  the  cover,  stating  that 
*'the  name  of  the  Author  of  these  Pedigrees 
anpears  to  have  been  Robert  Aske,  '  Servant  to  the 
Earl  of  Northumberland,'  and  a  Herald  by  profes- 
sion. Qu.  if  any  account  of  him  in  Noble's  History 
of  the  College  of  Arms?" 


The  internal  evidence  of  the  MS.,  however, 
furnishes  very  strong  grounds  for  believing, 
firstly,  that  the  Aske  mentioned  in  it  was 
the  leader  of  the  Pilgrimage  of  Grace,  and, 
secondly,  that  he  was  not  the  collector  of  the 
pedigrees  and  miscellaneous  notes  contained 
in  the  volume. 

I  will  discuss  the  second  inference  first. 
The  papers  conjecturally  or  certainly  con- 
nected with  Aske  are  all,  with  one  exception, 
legal  in  character,  mainly  notes  of  law 
readings  and  cases,  and  forms  of  writs  and 
proceedings,  and  they  seem  to  have  no 
connexion  with  the  genealogical  and  his- 
torical collections  which  occupy  the  greater 
part  of  the  volume.  With  one  exception, 
they  all  fall  within  ff.  7-13  ;  but  the  original 
foliation,  dating  from  not  later  than  about 
the  middle  of  the  sixteenth  century,  begins 
on  f.  13  b  with  the  first  pedigree,  although, 
since  f.  14  forms  a  single  sheet  with  f.  8, 
the  contents  of  which  follow  on  from  f.  7, 
part  at  least  of  these  preliminary  papers 
must  have  belonged  to  the  volume  from 
the  beginning.  The  contents  of  the  volume 
are  very  miscellaneous,  and  many  hands  are 
represented.  Some  entries  are  by  persons 
certainly  other  than  Aske,  or  of  a  later  date 
than  Aske's  death  ;  e.g.,  on  f.  35  a  number 
of  notes  on  Charleton  arms  are  signed 
"Edward  Charleton"  with  the  date  1550, 
4  Edw.  VI.  So,  too,  on  f.  50,  in  a  pedigree 
of  the  Hamertons,  a  note  is  added  to  Sir 
Stephen  Hamerton's  name  "  pendeu  a 
Tyborne  a°  29  H.  8  "  (1537).  As  Hamerton 
was  executed  for  complicity  in  the  Pilgrim- 
age of  Grace,  and  Aske  was  at  this  time  a 
prisoner,  he  can  hardly  have  written  this 
note,  or  compiled  this  pedigree,  which  is  in 
the  same  hand  as  several  others  in  the 
volume.  These  facts  do  not,  of  course, 
prove  that  the  collection  was  not  made  by 
some  other  Robert  Aske  than  Aske  of 
Aughton,  but  they  clearly  rule  out  the 
latter  ;  and  since  the  Aske  papers  have, 
as  mentioned  above,  no  internal  connexion 
with  the  rest  of  the  collection,  and  are  in 
hands  which  do  not  occur  elsewhere,  it 
seems  unlikely  that  the  Aske  mentioned  in 
them  had  anything  to  do  with  the  compila- 
tion of  the  volume. 

It  remains  to  consider  the  evidence 
identifying  the  Aske  here  mentioned  with 
the  leader  of  the  Pilgrimage  of  Grace. 
Almost  the  only  facts  recorded  of  the  latter 
in  the  '  D.N.B.,'  apart  from  his  connexion 
with  the  movement,  are  that  he  was  a 
lawyer  and  that  he  belonged  to  the  Aughton 
branch  of  the  family,  both  of  which  state- 
ments can  be  confirmed  from  documents 


442 


NOTES  AND  Q  UERIES.          [11  s.  iv.  DEC.  2, 1011. 


in  '  Letters  and  Papers.'  In  J.  Foster's 
'  Collectanea  Genealogica,'  x.  1883,  p.  19, 
the  name  of  Robert  Aske  appears  as  ad- 
mitted at  Gray's  Inn  in  1527  ;  and  Foster 
identifies  this  person  with  Aske  of  Aughton  ; 
so,  too,  the  '  D.N.B.'  article  speaks  of  Aske 
as  a  "  fellow  of  Gray's  Inn."  Now,  as 
already  said,  the  papers  in  the  MS.  which 
mention  Aske  are,  with  one  exception, 
legal  notes,  evidently  by  some  law  student  ; 
and  since  they  have  no  connexion  with  the 
remaining  contents  of  the  volume,  it  seems 
not  unreasonable  to  suppose  that  the  legal 
papers  which  accompany  them,  but  do  not 
contain  Aske's  name,  come  from  the  same 
source.  Two  of  these  last-mentioned  papers 
(ff.  lib,  13),  both  in  the  same  hand,  contain 
notes  of  law  readings  by  a  lector  named 
Yorke  in  Lent  term,  22  Hen.  VIII.  (1531)  ; 
and  one  (f.  lib)  mentions  Gray's  Inn  as 
the  place.  The  lector  in  question  may 
well  have  been  Roger  Yorke,  who  is  named 
as  a  Fellow  of  Gray's  Inn  in  a  Subsidy 
Roll  of  1523,  printed  by  F.  A.  Inderwick, 
'  Calendar  of  the  Inner  Temple  Records,' 
1896,  vol.  i.  p.  460.  Here  we  get  these 
papers  definitely  connected  with  Gray's 
Inn  ;  and  the  dates,  here  and  in  the  others, 
well  suit  the  time  when  Aske,  admitted 
in  1527,  must  have  been  pursuing  his  legal 
studies. 

The  strongest  evidence  is,  however,  given 
by  the  papers  in  ff.  29-34  (same  hand  as 
ff.  7-9  b).  These  are  forms  of  writs  with 
notes  on  them,  and  the  name  of  Robert 
Aske  is  used,  doubtless  exempli  gratia.  The 
first  contains  the  words  "  rectum  teneatis 
Roberto  Aske  armigero  de  uno  messuagio 
cum  pertinentiis  in  Actonia  ' '  ;  and  another 
(f.  30)  gives  further  names  :  "  de  maneriis  de 
Actonia  et  Ellertonia  .cum  pertinentiis  et  de 
uno  messuagio  et  decim  [sic]  et  octo  bovatis 
terre  cum  pertinentiis  in  Cotyngwith  et 
Storwhath."  These  places  are  :  Aughton, 
Ellerton,  Cottingwith,  Storthwaite,  all  ad- 
jacent places  in  co*.  York  ;  and  it  is  clear 
that  the  Robert  Aske  mentioned  in  con- 
nexion with  them  must  be  Robert  Aske  of 
Aughton. 

A  further  question  now  arises.  None  of 
these  Aske  papers  seems  to  be  in  the  hand- 
writing of  Aske  himself.  The  hand  of 
ff.  7-9  b,  29-34  is  obviously  different  from 
Aske's,  though,  since  it  is  a  formal  scribe's 
hand,  it  is  not  wholly  impossible  that  he 
may  have  written  these  entries  in  a  different 
style  of  hand  from  that  of  his  ordinary  use, 
but  there  is  no  evidence  for  this.  The 
rougher  hand  seen  on  ff.  lib,  13  is  also 
probably  not  Aske's,  though  it  is  not 


possible  to  be  quite  certain  of  this,  since  all 
the  autograph  papers  of  Aske  in  *  Letters 
and  Papers  '  are  at  the  Record  Office,  not 
in  the  Museum  ;  but  such  comparison  of 
the  two  as  I  could  make  did  not  suggest 
any  great  resemblance  ;  nor  do  I  see  reason 
to  believe  that  Aske's  hand  appears  any- 
where in  the  volume.  In  view  of  this  it 
might  be  supposed  that  the  legal  papers 
have  no  connexion  with  Aske  ;  that  they  are 
miscellaneous  notes  by  more  than  one  person, 
and  that  Aske's  name  was  introduced 
merely  as  being  that  of  a  person  prominent 
at  the  time.  This,  however,  seems  to  be 
disproved  by  the  following  considerations  : 
(1)  Such  dates  as  occur  are  earlier  than  the 
Pilgrimage  of  Grace,  when  Aske  was  still 
unknown  to  fame.  (2)  The  local  know- 
ledge indicated  by  the  place-names  on  f.  30 
seems  to  presuppose  a  person  from  that 
neighbourhood.  (3)  If  these  papers  did 
not  form  a  single  collection,  it  seems  diffi- 
cult to  account  for  their  presence  in  a  volume 
dealing,  except  for  them,  with  genealogical, 
historical,  and  antiquarian  matters.  (4)  The 
document  on  f.  9  (of  which  presently)  seems 
conclusive  against  the  supposition  ;  it  at 
least  can  hardly  be  fictitious.  The  con- 
clusion seems  to  be  either  that,  despite 
appearances,  these  papers  were  really 
written  by  Aske,  using  various  styles  of 
hand,  or  else  that  they  are  copies  of  his  notes 
while  a  law  student,  perhaps  passed  about 
among  fellow-students. 

The  document  on  f.  9  just  referred  to, 
which  alone  of  the  Aske  papers  is  not  legal  in 
character,  is  the  only  one  which  gives  us 
any  substantial  addition  to  our  knowledge 
of  Aske's  career,  and  it  is  of  sufficient  interest 
to  justify  its  publication  in  full.  I  give  it 
as  it  is  in  the  MS.,  merely  extending  abbre- 
viations and  following  modern  usage  in 
regard  to  capital  letters  :— - 

Memorandum  that  I  Robert  Aske  seruaunt 
vnto  the  right  honorable  the  Erie  of  North- 
umberland hath  resauede  of  my  said  lord  and 
master  in  the  battelment  aboue  Sainte  Stevens 
Chapell  at  Westmonster  the  xvij6  day  of  May  in 
the  xix*  yer  off  King  Henry  the  viij  [1527]  as  doth 
aper  in  the  end  cZ, 

Wheroff  deliueryd  in  parcelles  by  my  said  lord 
commaundment  as  folowythe 

Inprimis  deliueryd  to  [blank]  Wilbert  my  lordes 
seruaunt  ffor  his  cosies  ridinge  by  post  to  Wresill 
[Wressell,  co.  York]  xxs. 

Item  to  my  said  lord  him  selff  in  his  chambre 
at  York  Place  in  gold  iijZ.  vijs.  v]d. 

Item  deliueryd  to  John  Jenkes  vpon  a  bill 
singned  with  my  lordes  own  hand  for  bord- 
wages*  iiijL  xviijs.  v]d. 

*  This  is  a  somewhat  earlier  instance  of  the 
word  than  the  first  given  in  the  '  N.EJD.'  (1539). 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  2,  MIL]          NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


443' 


Item  deliueryd  to  Masteres  Kellet  vpon  a  bill 


for    bordwages    singned 
hande 


[by]  my  said  lordes 
xliiijs.  ~x.d.  ob. 

Item  deliueryd  ffor  my  lord  seruauntes  at  the 
court  at  Greynwighe  [Greenwich]  on  Wednisday 
the  xvte  day  of  May  our  expenses  ther  vjs.  viijdL 

Item  deliueryd  to  John  Jenkes  by  my  lordes 
commandment  that  he  layd  doun  for  my  lord  xxd. 

Item  deliueryd  for  pynner  dost*  for  wri  tinge  the 
copey  of  the  lat  Erie  of  Northumberland  wil  iiijdL 

Item  deliueryd  ffor  bordwages  at  Kelletz  from 
the  xixto  day  off  May  vnto  ye  xxvj  day  of  the  same 
monthe  and  in  revardes  to  my  lord  concell  and 
other  his  commaundmentes  as  doth  aper  in  a  bill 


singned  with  my  lord  hand 


vZ.  viijs. 


Wyndishour  [Windsor]  by  my  said  lord  as  apperythi 
by  a  bill  therof  maid  and  examyned  by  my  lordL 
whervnto  he  hath  set  to  his  own  haund  the 


day  af  orsaid 


xlZ.  vijs. 


Papers,'    vol.    xii.   pt.     i.     p 
may     explain    his    attempts 


Item  deliueryd  to  Robert  Tenaunt  the  xxvii* 
day  of  May  in  revard  by  my  lordes  comaund- 
ment  xs. 

Item  deliueryd  to  Edward  Clefford  the  same 
day  at  Chelsowe  [Chelsea  ?]  to  my  lord  to  play 
at  kardes  xs. 

Item  deliueryd  to  my  lord  him  self  at  York 
Place  to  play  at  clekef  thre  fortypensj  of  gold 
xis.  iijd.  and  in  whit  money  xiis.  xxiijs.  iijd. 
Item  deliueryd  the  same  day  to  the  master  off 
Savoy  ffor  sertayne  playt  to  him  laid  in  pleghe 
by  my  said  lord  x7. 

f.  9  b.] 

Mensis  Maij  Item  deliueryd  ffor  a  lod  off  hay 
the  xxixte  day  off  May  to  my  lordis  hors  xs. 

Item  deliueryd  to  Sir  Thomas  Wardrope  for 
sertayn  Rayment  of  my  said  lordes  being  laid 
to  plegh  xvijs. 

Item  deliueryd  to  the  said  Sir  Thomas  Ward- 
rope  ffor  a  ring  and  other  sertayn  stouf  of  my  lord 
laid  vnto  pleghe  vpon  a  tokyn  of  a  paire  of  blake 
bedes  sent  to  me  fro  my  said  lord  the  last  day  of 
May  xijZ. 

Item  deliueryd  John  WTarzion  hoshier  the  same 
day  ffor  iiij  pair  of  hous  to  my  lord  xxvjs.  viijd. 
Mensis  Junij  Item  deliueryd  to  Sir  Thomas 
Parke  the  secunde  day  of  Junij  by  my  lordes 
comandment  for  kater  expenses  to  my  lordes 
houshold  xxL 

Item  deliueryd  ffro  the  xxvj'  day  of  May  ffor 
bordwages  and  other  expenses  and  deliueryes 
by  my  lordes  comaundment  vnto  ye  secund  day 
of  Junij  as  aperyth  by  a  bill  singned  with  my 
lordes  haunde  iiijZ.  viijs.  ii]d. 

Item  deliueryd  ffor  my  lord  ffrom  Monday  the 
iiij  day  of  Junij  vnto  ye  xj  day  of  the  same  month 
ffor  rewardes  expenses  and  houshold  nessessarijs 
as  apperyth  by  a  bill  examyned  and  singned  with 


It  appears  from  this  that  Aske  was  in 
1527  in  the  service  of  the  Earl  of  North- 
umberland (Henry,  sixth  Earl,  known  as 
"The  Unthrifty");  we  know  that  his 
brother  Christopher  was  later  in  that  of 
the  Earl  of  Cumberland  ( '  Letters  and 

545).       This 
to    persuade 

the  Earl  to  join  the  Pilgrimage  of  Grace 
and  the  care  for  the  Earl's  safety  which 
induced  him,  on  his  obstinate  refusal, 
to  send  him  to  York,  lest  popular  resent- 
ment should  lead  to  his  death;  see  E.  B. 
de  Fonblanque,  'Annals  of  the  House  of 
Percy,'  i.  453-6.  Since  1527,  the  date  of 
the  above  account,  was  the  year  of  his 
admission  into  Gray's  Inn,  it  is  possible  that 
le  came  up  to  London  about  that  time  with 
he  Earl. 

The  facts  above  recorded  do  not,  it  is 
rue,  add  much  to  our  knowledge  of  Aske's 
»rivate  life  ;  but  even  a  little  light  in  the 
ase  of  so  interesting  a  figure  is  welcome, 
n  conclusion,  I  may  call  attention  to  the 
MS.  from  which  I  have  obtained  the  infor- 
nation.  As  already  mentioned,  some  of  its 
contents  were  published  by  Phillipps,  but 
-hese  form  only  a  small  portion  of  the  whole,, 
and  many  interesting  items  remain. 

H.  I.  B 


my  lordes  own  hande 


xxx?.  xvijs. 


Item  deliueryd  for  my  lord  ffrom  the  xj  day  of 
Junij  vnto  the  xiiij  day  of  the  same  month  for 
forane  expenses  and  revardes  and  Jowels  bought  at 


*  Obscure     to     me.     The     preceding     "  for ' 
suggests  an  article  rather  than  a  personal  name 
A  friend  suggests  "penner's  dust,"  i.e.,  something 
like  sand  for  blotting.     I  am   not  sure    whether 
this  is  too  far-fetched.     The  reading  is  certain. 

t  "  Gleek  "  ;  see  '  N.E.D.'  The  earliest  in 
stance  there  is  1533.  Whether  "  cleke  "  is  { 
variant  form  or  a  mere  misspelling  I  do  not  know 
it  is  not  in  the  '  N.E.D.' 

t  Half-angels.  The  angel,  originally  wort] 
6s.  8d.,  had  been  raised  by  Henry  VIII.  in  1526 
to  7s.  6d.  (Wriothesley's  '  Chronicle  of  England, 
Cainden  Society,  1875,  vol.  i.  p.  15) 


DICKENS  AND  THE  INSCRIBED 
STONE. 

PICKWICK'  was  first  published  in  1836-7, 
and  it  contains  the  amusing  story  of  the 
mysterious  stone  which  caused  so  much- 
interest  and  confusion  among  the  learned 
Society  who  examined  it.  But  years  before 
occurred  in  real  life  a  stone  story,  so  remark- 
ably similar  that  it  might  have  been  the 
prototype  of  the  Dickens  fiction. 

During  the  academic  year  1779-80  a  stone, 
bearing  Roman  characters,  was  discovered  in 
the  lime  quarries  near  Paris,  called  Bellevue. 
It  was  a  square  stone,  and  the  characters 
were  separate,  having  no  apparent  connexion 
with  each  other.  The  members  of  the 
Academy  of  Inscriptions  of  Paris  assembled 
to  consider  the  matter.  The  secretary  was 
ordered  to  request  permission  of  the  Govern- 
ment for  this  antique  stone  to  be  given  them. 
Louis  XVI.  graciously  signed  an  order  to 
that  effect,  and  the  stone  was  transported 
at  no  little  expense  to  the  Louvre.  It  wair- 
received,  says  a  contemporary,  with  all  due1- 


444 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  iv.  DEO.  2, 1911. 


honour,  and  a  committee,  consisting  of  M. 
de  la  Curne,  the  Abbe  Barthelemy,  Dupuy 
(secretary),  M.  de  Breginguy,  M.  Auquetel, 
and  M.  Keralio,  laboured  unremittingly  to 
find  the  key  to  the  mystic  inscription.  Each 
member  produced  a  different  explanation. 

The  Academicians,  being  baffled,  consulted 
M.  de  Gebelin,  author  of  '  Le  Monde  Primi- 
•tif  '  ;  but  he  refused  his  assistance.  Mean- 
while the  Bellevue  Roman  stone  became  the 
one  engrossing  topic  of  Paris.  The  inscrip- 
tion was  copied  upon  hand-screens,  chimney 
ornaments,  ladies'  albums,  &c.,  and  entire 
evenings  were  spent  in  deciphering  the 
"  all-defying  enigma,"  as  it  was  termed.  At 
length  the  old  beadle  of  Montmartre  said 
h-3  could  solve  it,  if  the  Academy  gave  him 
a,  prize. 

A  friend  introduced  the  beadle  to  an 
Academician,  who  ridiculed  his  story,  as  did 
another  to  whom  he  brought  him ;  but, 
persisting,  he  was  invited  to  meet  the  com- 
mittee. 

He  then  explained  that  this  stone  con- 
tained a  direction  to  the  people  who  used  to 
bring  asses  with  baskets  for  lime,  having  been 
engraved  by  a  stonecutter  to  serve  as  a 
g.iide  which  path  to  take.  It  reads  :  "  Ici 
le  chemin  des  anes"  !  all  in  capitals.  A 
talented  lady,  writing  from  Paris,  said,  "  It 
kept  us  in  constant  laughter  for  nearly  a 
fortnight."  It  rivals  Dickens's  story  ;  truth 
is  stranger  than  fiction.  For  the  full  account 
see  '  The  Storm  and  its  Portents,'  by  Dr. 
T.  L.  Phipson,  1878,  from  p.  29  of  which  the 
following  facsimile  of  the  stone  is  copied  : — 


II 

E  M 

I  N 

I)  K 

A         NE  S 


L.  M.  R. 

[Dickens's  account  of  the  stone  which  deceived 
the  learned  has  been  compared  with  Scott's  in 
'  The  Antiquary  '  of  another  which  received  an 
elaborate  Roman  interpretation  it  did  not  de- 
serve. But  MR.  W.  A.  CLOUSTON  at  7  S.  xi.  383 
quoted  from  The  Weekly  Miscellany  of  Instruction 
and  Entertainment  for  1791  the  story  of  a  stone 
with  a  supposed  Roman  inscription  which  was 
said  to  have  been  dug  up  near  Aberdeen  "  some 
years  "  previously.  Was  the  Aberdeen  incident 
earlier  or  later  than  the  Bellevue  discovery  ? 
The  question  is  of  interest,  and  ought  to  be 
capable  of  proof  from  the  records  of  the  Academic 
des  Inscriptions.  Did  Dr.  Phipson  verify  the 
details  of  his  account  ?  It  is  curious  that  MR. 


W.  H.  HELM  at  10  S.  yii.  489  cited  from  M.  C. 
Virmaitre's  book  '  Paris  Oubli6  '  this  story  of 
"  le  chemin  des  anes "  ;  but  the  date  of  the 
discovery  at  Montmartre  was  given  as  1799,  or 
eight  years  later  than  MR.  CLOUSTON'S  extract 
from  The  Weekly  Miscellany.  Two  well-known 
French  writers  of  the  nineteenth  centiiry  have 
also  used  the  anecdote,  viz.,  Eugene  Labiche  and 
Edmond  About.  See  7  S.  xii.  18.] 


"  SCOTLAND  FOR  EVER  !  " 
THE      SCOT     IN     AMERICA. 

THE  inaugural  address  of  the  session  of 
the  Edinburgh  Philosophical  Institution, 
delivered  by  his  Excellency  the  Hon. 
Whitelaw  Reid,  on  November  1st,  on  'The 
Scot  in  America  and  the  Ulster  Scot,'  is  of 
such  historic  interest  that  it  is  worthy  of 
note  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  Mr.  Reid  said  that 
both  Puritan  and  Cavalier  in  the  New  World 
had  had  generous  recognition,  and  it  was 
full  time  to  show  appreciation  for  the 
pioneer  work  of  the  Scot  and  the  Ulster 
Scot.  "The  Puritans  did  not  seek  a  land  of 
religious  freedom,  nor  did  they  make  one. 
They  tried  Quakers  for  heresy,  bored  holes 
in  thsir  tongues  with  hot  irons,  and  if,  after 
this,  any  confiding  Quaker  trusted  himself 
again  to  th.3  liberal  institutions  of  the  colony, 
they  hanged  him.  They  tried  old  women 
for  witchcraft  and  hanged  them." 

The  honour  of   leading   the   struggle   for 
freedom   of    speech    and    of    the    American 
press  is  due,  Mr.  Reid  stated, 
"to  a  Scot,  Andrew  Hamilton,  who  went  in  1695 
from    Edinburgh    to    America    and    rose    to     be 

Attorney-General  of  Pennsylvania He  defended 

a  New  York  printer  in  a  trial  for  libel  on  the 
Royal  Governor,  which  was  construed  as  lihel  on 
the  King.  Hamilton  secured  an  acquittal,  and  with 
it  the  freedom  of  speech  and  of  the  press,  ever 
since  enjoyed  in  America  —  sometimes,  perhaps, 
over-enjoyed." 

"  The  flame  of  Independence  "  Mr.  Reid 
also  accords  to  a  Scot.  "  Neither  Puritan 
nor  Cavalier  kindled  the  flame  for  In- 
dependence." In  1759  Patrick  Henry, 
another  Scot,  maintained  the  indisputable 
right  of  Virginia  to  make  laws  for  herself, 
arraigned  the  King  for  annulling  a  salutary 
ordinance  in  the  sole  interest  of  a  favoured 
class,  and  said,  "  By  such  acts  a  king, 
instead  of  being  the  father  of  his  people, 
degenerates  into  a  tyrant,  and  forfeits  all 
right  to  obedience."  The  Court  exclaimed 
"  Treason  !  "  but  the  jury  brought  in  its 
verdict  against  Patrick  Henry's  clients  for 
one  penny,  "and  thus,"  said  Mr.  Reid,  *'  'the 
fire  in  Virginia  '  began."  Henry's  mother 
was  a  cousin  of  the  historian  Robertson  and 
of  the  mother  of  Lord  Brougham.  "  At 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  2,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


445 


the  outbreak  of  the  Revolutionary  War  it 
was  believed  that  one-third  of  the  entire 
population  of  Pennsylvania  was  of  Ulster 
Scottish  origin,"  and  "  out  of  the  fifty-six 
members  of  the  Congress  that  adopted  the 
Declaration  of  Independence,  eleven  were 
of  Scottish  descent.  It  was  written  by 
an  Ulster  Scot,  first  publicly  read  by  another, 
and  first  printed  by  a  third  Ulster  Scot." 

When  the  States  gained  their  inde- 
pendence, twelve  out  of  the  fifty-four 
members  of  the  Convention  were  of 
Scottish  descent,  among  them  Alexander 
Hamilton,  whose  efforts  to  secure  a  successful 
constitution  Mr.  Reid  described.  "  Wash- 
ington's first  Cabinet  contained  four  members 
— two  were  Scots,  and  a  third  was  an  Ulster 
Scot,"  while  two-thirds  of  the  first  Governors 
for  the  new  State  Governments  were 
either  of  Scottish  or  Ulster  Scottish  origin. 
The  same  tendency  distinguishes  the  list  of 
men  who  have  filled  the  office  of  President 
of  the  United  States.  Eleven  out  of  the 
twenty -five  were  of  Scottish  or  Ulster 
Scottish  origin. 

Mr.  Reid  concluded  his  address  in  these 
eloquent  words  : — 

"  We  have  not  forgotten  our  origin  or  our  obliga- 
tions. In  all  parts  of  the  continental  Republic 
hearts  still  turn  fondly  to  the  old  land,  thrilling 
with  pride  in  your  past  and  hope  for  your  future, 
and  joining  with  you,  as  we  have  good  reason  to 
join,  in  the  old  cry,  '  Scotland  for  ever  ! ' " 

I  have  taken  this  brief  summary  from, 
the  full  report  which  appeared  in  The  Daily 
Telegraph  on  November  2nd. 

JOHN  COLLINS  FRANCIS. 


DR.  JOHNSON  AND  DR.  DODD. — In  view 
of  the  prominence  given  in  The  National 
Review  for  November,  p.  456,  to  Horace 
Walpole's  description  of  a  visit  of  fashionable 
people  to  the  Magdalene  Asylum  to  hear  a 
sermon  by  Dr.  Dodd — "  a  very  pleasing 
performance  " — it  may  be  well  to  quote  the 
following  passage  from  the  '  Autobiography  ' 
of  Carlyle  of  Inveresk,  who  also  moved  in 
high  society  (p.  503  of  the  Blackwood  edition, 
1861,  and  p.  528  of  the  Foulis  edition,  1910)  : 

"  It  being  much  the  fashion  [in  1769]  to  go 
on  a  Sunday  evening  to  a  chapel  of  the  Magdalene 
Asylum,  we  went  there  on  the  second  Sunday  we 
were  in  London,  and  had  difficulty  to  get  tolerable 
seats  for  my  sister  and  wife,  the  crowd  of  genteel 
people  was  so  great.  The  preacher  was  Dr. 
Dodd,  a  man  afterwards  too  well  known.  The  un- 
fortunate young  women  were  in  a  latticed  gallery, 
where  you  could  only  see  those  who  chose  to  be 
seen.  The  preacher's  text  was,  '  If  a  man  look 
on  a  woman,'  &c.  The  text  itself  was  shocking, 
and  the  sermon  was  composed  with  the  least 


possible  delicacy,  and  was  a  shocking  insult  on 
a  sincere  penitent,  and  fuel  for  the  warm  passions- 
of  the  hypocrites.  The  fellow  was  handsome, 
and  delivered  his  discourse  remarkably  well  for 
a  reader.  When  he  had  finished,  there  Were 
unceasing  whispers  of  applause,  which  I  could 
not  help  contradicting  aloud,  and  condemning  the 
whole  institution,  as  well  as  the  exhibition  of  the 
preacher,  as  contra  bonos  mores,  and  a  disgrace 
to  a  Christian  city." 

w.  s. 

A  HACKET  Cow. — In  1904  Dr.  Hans  Hecht 
of  Kiel  published  '  Songs  from  David 
Herd's  Manuscripts,'  with  introduction- 
and  notes.  He  is  very  careful  of  his  texts, 
scrupulously  presenting  various  readings, 
and  he  annotates  judiciously  and  without 
didactic  effusiveness.  Occasionally  a  prof- 
fered equivalent  seems  less  precise  than  it 
might  have  been — geer,  for  example,  does 
not  necessarily  mean  "  tocher,"  and  loofs 
are  not  adequately  represented  by  "  hands  " 
— but,  generally,  the  marginal  glossary  is 
intelligible  and  sufficient.  Perhaps  the  most 
notable  exception  to  the  prevalent  accuracy 
occurs  in  the  notes  supplied  to  Song  XXV., 
which  is  entitled  '  Rantin,  Rovin  Lad.'  This 
is  the  lament  of  a  desolated  maiden  for  her 
Aberdonian  lover,  who  has  for  some  reason 
been  constrained  to  leave  her  and  to  go 
"  o'er  the  hills  and  far  away."  Resolving  to 
follow  him,  the  damsel  thus  enumerates 
certain  details  of  her  projected  arrange- 
ments : — 

I'll  sell  my  rock,  my  reel,  my  tow, 
My  gude  gray  mare  and  hacket  cow, 
To  buy  my  love  a  tartan  plaid, 
Because  he  is  a  roving  blade. 

Opposite  the  first  two  lines  Dr.  Hecht 
places  the  words  "  distaff  ;  fear  crumpled- 
horned,"  with  no  punctuation  mark  except 
that  which  follows  "  distaff."  With  regard 
to  this  particular  term  his  readers  should 
find  no  difficulty,  but  they  will  be  at  a  loss 
to  decide  which  of  the  remaining  words  in 
the  stanza  signifies  "  fear."  Clearly,  there 
is  something  amiss,  but  what,  it  is  impossible 
at  the  moment  to  say,  and  it  is  not  desirable 
to  indulge  in  conjecture.  As  to  the  "  hacket 
cow,"  however,  comment  may  be  allowed. 
"  Hacket "  in  Aberdeen  no  doubt  corre- 
sponds to  "  hawkit  "  in  the  southern  parts 
of  the  country,  and  "  hawkit  "  (which  Burns 
uses  in  'The  White  Cockade,'  his  Musical 
Museum  version  of  the  song)  means  having 
a  white  face.  "  Hawkie  "  is  the  name  com- 
monly given  to  a  cow  with  this  peculiarity, 
and  by  some  it  is  used  to  denote  a  cow 
generally.  It  will  be  remembered  that 
"  their  only  Hawkie "  figures  in  '  The 
Cotter's  Saturday  Night,'  and  that  a 


446 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  2, 1911. 


"  dawtet,  twal-pint  Hawkie  "  is  one  of  the 
sufferers  specified  in  the  '  Address  to  the 
Deil.'  Jamieson  suggests  that  the  term  is 
"allied  perhaps  to  Gael,  geal-cum,  to 
whiten."  In  any  case,  it  is  never  used 
with  reference  to  the  cow's  horns. 

THOMAS  BAYNE. 

BASSETT  OB  BASSOCK  FAMILY. — In  the 
parish  church  registers  of  Hythe,  Kent,  I 
notice  the  change  of  name  to  Bassett  from 
Bassock. 

1619,  Aug.  12.  Ferdinando  Bassocke  and 
Mary  Fremlin  married.  Several  of 
their  children  were  baptized  (1626- 
1634)  under  name  of  Bassock. 
1635,  April  16.  Ferdinand  Basso  3k  and 
Marian  Gibson  married. 

1657,  Oct.  13.     Ferdinando  Bassett,  Jurate, 

and  Mary  Smyth  married. 

1658.  Ferdinando  Bassett  issued  a  token  F^I. 
1628.  Elias    Bassock     and    Margret    White 

married. 

1629-40.  Children  of  Elias  Bassock  bap- 
tized. 

1642.  Margaret,    wife    of    Elias    Bassock, 

buried. 

1643,  July  22.     Elias  Bassocke  and  Johan 

Pashly  married. 

1657,  June  9.  John  Littlewood  and  Eliza- 
beth Bassett  married.  Witnesses, 
Ferdinando,  Elias,  and  John 
Bassett. 

From  1643  Bassock  disappears,  and 
Bassett  is  substituted  down  to  recent  times  ; 
several  members  filled  the  office  of  mayor. 

The  name  Bassock  occurs  in  other  parishes 
in  Kent :  a  Clement  Bassock  was  Mayor  of 
Canterbury,  1578.  R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

Sandgate. 

WEST'S  PICTURE  or  THE  DEATH  or 
GENERAL  WOLFE.  (See  10  S.  v.  409,  451, 
518;  vi.  113,  154,  173.)— The  following 
extract,  taken  from  '  A  Driving  Tour  in  the 
Isle  of  Wight,'  by  Hubert  Garle,  although 
:some  time  after  the  query  first  appeared 
in  '  N.  &  Q.,'  may  still  be  of  interest  to 
H.  G.  L.  :- 

"  It  was  said  of  an  old  man  who  acted  as 
;guide  to  the  Castle  [Carisbrooke]  that  he  always 
used  to  ask  visitors  if  they  had  ever  seen  him 
before.  On  one  occasion  a  gentleman,  after 
replying  in  the  negative,  said  that  he  had  seen 
a  portrait  of  some  one  very  much  like  him  in  the 
famous  picture  '  The  Death  of  General  Wolfe,' 
representing  the  scene  at  Quebec  on  13  Sept., 
1760.  It  turned  out  that  the  guide  had  been 
present  at  that  famous  general's  death,  sup- 
porting him  in  his  arms,  and  that  afterwards  he 
had  sat  for  his  portrait  in  the  picture.  According 
to  this  man,  too,  it  was  at  Newport,  I.W.,  that 


General  Wolfe  slept  for  the  last  time  on  English 
shores,  at  the  house  of  Joseph  Fitzpatrick,  Esq., 
St.  Cross,  situated  near  the  mill  at  the  bottom  of 
Hunnyhill." 

Possibly  some  extant  local  record  would 
give  the  name  of  the  castle  guide,  and  also 
the  name  of  the  ship  in  which  Wolfe  sailed. 

F.  K.  P. 

WART  CHARMS. — In  a  paper  about  'Warts' 
in  Smart  Novels  for  24  July  the  writer, 
discussing  various  magical  "  remedies," 
mentions  one  which  seems  to  me  but  little 
known  : — 

"  Wait  till  you  see  a  funeral,  then  stroke  the 
wart  in  the  direction  in  which  the  funeral  is  going, 
saying  at  the  same  time  :  '  Corpse,  corpse,  take 
my  wart  with  you.'  That  is  rather  a  gruesome 
sort  of  charm,  but  in  some  parts  of  the  country 
they  will  tell  you  that  it  never  fails  ;  but  here 
again  secrecy  is  important,  for  no  one  must  see 
or  hear  what  you  are  doing." 

HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 
39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennington  Lane. 

OTTER  AT  A  CITY  STATION. — The  following- 
curious  circumstance,  as  given  in  The  Pall 
Mall  Gazette  of  2  November,  seems  worthy 
of  chronicle  in  the  pages  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  : — 

"At  the  Mansion  House  Station  there  is  to  be 
seen  a  fine  specimen  of  a  female  otter,  which  was 
recently  caught  at  the  Acton  Town  Station  on 
the  District  Railway." 

CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 

REGIMENTAL  SOBRIQUETS.  (See  3  S.  vii. 
50.;— In  The  Kentish  Gazette,  31  Dec.,  1813, 
occurs  the  following  : — 

"  The  9th  or  Britannia  Regiment,  whose  Depot 
is  at  Canterbury,  have  got  an  addition  of  fifty  men 
from  the  East  Kent  Militia." 

The  regiment,  now  the  Norfolk  Regiment, 
has  the  figure  of  Britannia  for  a  badge,  but 
I  have  never  before  heard  it  described  as  the 
Britannia  Regiment.  R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

HENRY  OLIVER,  CENTENARIAN. — In  the 
churchyard  of  Old  St.  Kevin's,  Dublin,  is  a 
small  stone  erected  to  the  memory  of  Henry 
Oliver,  aged  136  years.  It  is  to  the  left  of 
the  entrance  from  Church  Lane. 

WILLIAM  MAOARTHUR. 

Dublin. 

"  SAMHOWD." — In  some  dialects — notably 
that  of  Derbyshire — the  words  sam  =  take, 
and  howd=ho\d,  are  in  common  use  as 
samhowd=to  take  hold,  or  to  "put  the 
shoulder  to  the  wheel."  A  foreman  shouts 
to  his  men  "  Samhowd  here  !  "  when  any- 
thing has  to  be  lifted  or  moved.  Another 
form  is  samhowdhither = come  here  and  take 


ii  s.  iv.  DEO.  2,  mi.]          NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


447 


hold,  or  lend  a  hand.  Amongst  workers  it 
is  well  understood.  When  the  work  is 
urgent  the  command  is  "  Now  then,  sam." 
Sam  at  times  takes  the  place  of  the  words 
"  oss  "  and  "  shape  "  ;  and  all  three  convey 
as  a  rule  the  same  meaning  to  the  workers. 
THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
;n  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


HEBBEW  MEDAL. — There  is  a  medal 
bearing  on  the  obverse  a  profile  head  of 
Christ  with  the  name  IC^*1  in  front  and  the 
letter  X  behind.  The  latter  I  suppose  to 
mean  year  1  of  some  era.  The  obverse  is 
wholly  occupied  by  a  Hebrew  inscription 
to  the  effect  that  the  Messiah  has  come,  &c. 
I  take  it  to  be  a  thing  made  by  Jews  to  be 
sold  to  Christians.  There  was  an  account 
of  it  in  'The  Amulet,'  one  of  the  annuals 
published  about  1830,  in  which  it  was,  I 
think,  accepted  as  genuine,  and  of  the 
greatest  interest.  I  should  be  glad  to  recover 
the  whole  of  the  inscription,  or  to  be  referred 
to  some  account  of  the  medal.  J.  T.  F. 

Bishop  Hatfield's  Hall,  Durham. 

SPENSER  AND  DANTE. — In  his  famous 
letter  to  Ralegh,  dated  23  January,  1589, 
Spenser  outlines  historically  the  various 
allegorical  works  he  had  consulted,  naming 
Ariosto  and  Tasso,  but  nowise  making 
reference  to  Dante.  This  omission  does  not 
appear  to  be  peculiar  to  Spenser  only. 
Very  few  writers  earlier  than  those  of  the 
seventeenth  century  (and  even  those  are 
extremely  limited  in  number)  make  any 
allusion  to  the  great  Florentine  genius  of  the 
thirteenth  century.  How  is  this  to  be 
explained  ?  M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

LADY  HAMILTON  :  COLOUR  OF  HER  HAIR. 
— In  Romney's  pictures  Lady  Hamilton  is 
depicted  with  auburn  hair.  It  is,  of  course, 
usual  for  hair  of  this  colour  to  get  darker 
with  advancing  years,  but  I  am  not  aware 
that  it  ever  turns  black,  unless  the  change 
is  due  to  artificial  means.  I  find,  however, 
that  several  persons  who  met  the  lady  in 
later  years  refer  to  her  hair  as  being  of  a 
dark  shade.  Mrs.  St.  George,  who  met  her 
at  Dresden  when  on  her  triumphal  progress 
through  Europe  with  Nelson  in  1800, 
speaks  of  her  dark  hair.  In  the  November 
number  of  The  Cornhill  Magazine  there  is 


an  article  on  *  Nelson  and  Lady  Hamilton 
at  Altona,'  in  which  several  letters  from 
an  English  gentleman  who  met  them  there 
are  given  in  extenso.  In  one  of  these,  which 
is  dated  "Altona,  3rd  Nov.,  1800,"  Lady 
Hamilton  is  referred  to  as  follows  :  "  Her 
very  fine  black  hair  was  very  negligent  ;  but 
advantageously  displayed  without  powder." 
Are  there  any  pictures  extant  of  about 
that  date,  or  later,  which  confirm  this 
description  ?  T.  F.  D. 

MATTHEW  PRIOR  OF  LONG  ISLAND  :  MAJOR 
DANIEL  GOTHERSON. — I  am  desirous  of  ob- 
taining information  in  regard  to  the  family  of 
a  Matthew  Prior,  who  sailed  from  England 
to  America  in  the  year  1663,  and  settled 

with  his  wife    Mary at  Killingworth, 

L.I.,  leaving  many  descendants.  It  is  certain 
that  previous  to  his  departure  he  had  dealings 
with,  and  lived  in  the  same  vicinity  as,  a 
Major  Daniel  Gotherson,  whose  wife  was 
Dorothea  Scott.  The  notorious  adventurer 
Capt.  John  Scott,  claiming  relationship  with 
Mrs.  Gotherson,  paid  them  a  visit,  and,  by 
wonderful  tales  of  the  great  estates  he  had 
upon  Long  Island,  induced  the  Major  to 
invest  several  thousand  pounds  in  the  said 
land.  The  Major,  who  owed  Matthew  Prior 
a  considerable  amount  of  money,  arranged 
with  him  to  go  with  Capt.  John  Scott  to 
Long  Island,  to  be  put  in  possession  of 
sufficient  land  to  cancel  the  indebtedness  ; 
but  on  arriving  there  it  appeared  that  Scott 
did  not  own  any  land,  but  had  palmed  off  on 
Major  Gotherson  a  spurious  claim. 

I  have  recently  received  a  copy  of  a  letter 
of  Matthew  Prior,  written  to  Col.  Francis 
Lovelace,  in  connexion  with  this  debt, 
dated  March,  1668,  at  Killingworth,  L.I., 
and  his  signature  is  accompanied  by  a 
seal  with  arms.  This  bears  upon  the  shield 
three  trefoils  slipped.  Unfortunately,  the 
seal  is  broken  at  the  top,  so  that  of  the  crest 
which  surmounts  the  shield,  only  the  lower 
portion  is  seen.  This  represents  the  four 
legs  with  some  heraldic  animal.  Can  any 
reader  identify  this  seal  as  belonging  to  a 
family  of  Prior,  or  locate  the  town  or  county 
where  Major  Daniel  Gotherson  resided  ? 
I  should  be  greatly  obliged  for  either  of  these 
items  of  information. 

E.  HAVILAND  HILLMAN,  F.S.G. 

c/o  Anglo-South  American  Bank,  Ltd., 
Old  Broad  Street,  E.G. 

GEORGE  MORLAND'S  INN  SIGN. — Can  any 
one  give  me  information  of  the  locality  of 
the  inn  painted  by  Morland  with  a  bell  on 
the  signboard,  or  the  history  attached  to  it  ? 

A.  L.  M. 


448 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         tn  s.  iv.  DEC.  2, 1911. 


LADY  BULMER  ALIAS  MARGARET  CHEYNE. 
— John  Bulmer  of  Pinchinthorpe,  Yorkshire, 
entered  his  pedigree  at  the  Heralds'  Visita- 
tion of  1584  (Foster,  '  Yorkshire  Pedigrees,' 
193).  He  stated  that  he  was  the  son  of  Sir 
John  Bulmer  (attainted  and  executed  for 
taking  part  in  the  Pilgrimage  of  Grace,  1537) 
by  his  second  wife  Margaret,  daughter  of 
Henry  Stafford,  who  had  lived  with  Sir  John 
and  had  two  children  before  marriage ; 
finally,  however,  they  had  been  married  and 
had  two  legitimate  children,  the  aforesaid 
John  and  a  daughter.  Henry  Stafford,  Earl 
of  Wiltshire,  second  son  of  the  second  Duke 
of  Buckingham  and  brother  of  Edward 
Stafford,  the  third  Duke  (beheaded  1521), 
died  without  legitimate  issue  in  1523.  In 
Graves' s  '  History  of  Cleveland,'  407-10, 
and  other  Bulmer  pedigrees,  Margaret  is 
represented  as  being  the  illegitimate  daugh- 
ter of  Edward  Stafford,  third  Duke  of  Buck- 
ingham. What  authority  is  there  for  this  ? 

In  the  indictment  of  Margaret  for  high 
treason,  15  May,  1537,  she  is  called  "Margaret 
Cheyne,  wife  of  William  Cheyne,  late  of 
London,  esquire"  ('Letters  and  Papers  of 
Henry  VIII.,'  xii.  (1),  1207) ;  and  Wriothesley 
('  Chronicle,'  63)  calls  her  "  Margrett  Chyney, 
after  Lady  Bolmer  by  untrue  matrymonye." 
G.  Brenan  ('The  House  of  Howard,'  i. 
218-19)  calls  Lady  Bulmer  the  natural 
daughter  of  the  Duke  of  Buckingham,  and 
says  that  her  character  was  "  foully  (and, 
as  has  since  been  shown,  lyingly )  attacked  by 
the  King's  lawyers."  Where  is  the  defence 
of  her  character  to  be  found  ?  The  only 
reference  given  by  Brenan  is  Wriothesley, 
and  he  believed  the  lawyers. 

M.  H.  DODDS. 
Home  House,  Low  Fell,  Gateshead. 

ANTIGALLICAN  SOCIETY.  —  A  society  of 
this  name  flourished  in  the  latter  half  of  the 
eighteenth  century.  Can  any  one  tell  me 
why  it  was  founded,  what  were  its  principles, 
and  how  long  it  existed  ? 

HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 

BENNETTO. — Can  any  of  your  readers  give 
information  respecting  a  family  of  the 
name  of  Bennetto,  supposed  to  have  settled 
in  Cornwall  about  1588,  and  believed  to  be 
of  Italian  or  Spanish  extraction  ? 

A.  E.  BENNETTO. 

15,  Slaithwaite  Road,  Lewisham,  S.E. 

'  THE  ROBBERS'  CAVE.' — I  should  be  glad 
to  know  the  name  of  the  author  of  this 
book — which  much  interested  me  as  a  boy, 
forty  years  ago — and  whether  it  is  still  pro- 
curable. G,  B.  M. 


ST.  BRIDE'S  :  J.  PRIDDEN. — This  book- 
seller, or  his  son,  made  considerable  research 
into  the  history  of  the  Religious  Society  of 
St.  Bride's,  and  their  volume  of  notes  was 
in  the  library  of  J.  Bowyer  Nichols  at  the 
time  of  his  death.  I  shall  be  pleased  to 
learn  of  its  present  whereabouts.  They  also 
made  voluminous  extracts  from  the  parish 
registers,  which  may  form  part  of  the  same 
work.  ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

ANVIL  CURE.  —  Marcelle  Tinayre,  in 
'  L' Ombre  de  F Amour,'  makes  mention  of 
a  wise  man  who  could  give  or  take  away  a 
fever  by  looking  at  the  victim,  and  who  was 
what  is  called  a  "  forgeur  "  de  malades.  It 
is  explained  "  On  pose  le  malade  sur  1'en- 
clume,  entre  quatre  cierges,  et  le  forgeron- 
sorcier  frappe  a  cote  de  lui  "  (p.  15)  Have 
we  any  occult  observance  that  resembles  this 
in  England  ?  ST.  SWITHIN. 

YARM  :  PRIVATE  BROWN. — According  to 
'  The  Soldier's  Companion  ;  or,  Martial 
Recorder,'  p.  3,  published  1824,  there  is,  or 
was,  at  Yarm,  a  sign  commemorating  the 
valour  of  Thomas  Brown,  a  private  in  the  3rd 
Dragoons  at  Dettingen  in  1743.  He  was 
granted  a  pension  of  30L  a  year  by  King 
George  II.,  and  died  in  1746  at  Yarm.  Can 
any  reader  o±  'N.  &  Q.'  tell  me  if  the  sign 
still  exists,  or  give  me  particulars  of  it  ? 

A.  RHODES. 

GLASTONBURY,  AND  JOSEPH  OP  ARI- 
MATHEA. — Some  years  ago  I  remember 
reading  in  one  of  the  daily  journals  that, 
while  making  excavations  in  the  grounds 
adjacent  to  Glastonbury  Abbey,  some 
workmen  came  across  the  remains  of  an 
ancient  wooden  structure.  Can  any  of  the 
readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  kindly  furnish  par- 
ticulars respecting  this  discovery,  and  also 
state  whether  these  relics  in  any  way  con- 
firmed the  well-known  legend  as  to  Joseph 
and  his  companions  having  erected  a 
wattled  wooden  church  near  the  site  of  the 
present  Abbey  ?  J.  BASIL  BIRCH. 

LATIN  ACCENTUATION. — (1)  There  were 
in- Latin  several  exceptions  to  the  common 
law  for  the  placing  of  accent  according  to 
quantity.  Where  can  I  find  these  exceptions 
treated  of  at  length  ? 

(2)  Brachet   says   that   filiolus,   gladiolus, 
&c.,  were  accented  on  the  penultima  from 
the  seventh  century.     How  can  it  be  shown 
that  they  were  ever  accented  otherwise  ? 

(3)  From    mulierem     come    the    Spanish 
muger,    the   Italian    mogliera,    and   the   old 


us. iv. DEC. 2, ion.]          NOTES  AND   QUERIES. 


449 


French  moillier.  Do  not  these  derivative 
show  conclusively  that  mulierem  must  hav 
been  accented  on  the  penultima,  thougl 
short?  W.  BUBD. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — Can 
any  of  your  readers  locate  the  following 
citation,  which  is  quoted  by  Dallas,  '  The 
Gay  Science/  vol.  i.  p.  283  ?  — 

Man  doth  usurp  all  space, 

Stares  thee  in  rock,  bush,  river,  in  the  face. 

Never  yet  thine  eye  beheld  a  tree, 

It  is  no  sea  thou  see'st  in  the  sea  : 

'Tis  but  a  disguised  humanity. 

WM.  H.  FLEMING. 
Philadelphia. 

Who  was  the  author  of  the  saying — I 
think  in  connexion  with  the  Boer  War — 
"  Any  fool  can  annex  "  ? 

LAWRENCE  PHILLIPS. 

I  shall  be  grateful  if  you  can  tell  me  where 
I  can  find  the  verses  of  which  the  following 
is  all  I  can  recollect,  and  also  if  you  can 
complete  the  verse  : — • 

It  is  not  growing  like  a  tree 

In  bulk better  be. 

E.  D.  TILL. 
[The   lines   are    Ben    Jonson's,   and    the  words 
omitted  are  "doth  make  men."] 

"Six  hours  for  a  man,  seven  for  a  woman,  and 
eight  for  a  fool,  Mr.  S." 

Attributed  to  one  of  the  Georges.    To  which  ? 
and  who  was  Mr.  S.  ?  J.  M. 

DILLON  ON  DISRAELI. — Mr.  Dillon  on  one 
occasion  called  Disraeli  "  a  harp  struck  by 
lightning."  What  did  he  mean  ?  I  have 
read  that  it  was  the  only  time  Dizzy  was  at 
a  loss  for  an  answer.  J.  D. 

OLD  SAMPLER. — No  date  is  given.  It  is 
a  map  of  England.  Some  of  the  names 
are  spelt  differently  from  the  present  way  : 
Teinmouth  for  Tynemouth,  Padsto  for 
Padstow,  and  Normandie.  It  was  worked 
by  Elizabeth  Mathers.  Can  any  one  tell  the 
date  ?  M.  A.  P. 

Lucius. — The  existence  of  this  king,  or 
prince,  is  by  some  authors  considered  a 
fable ;  others  temporize  by  saying  it  is  a 
matter  of  controversy.  The  latter  I  do  not 
desire  to  raise,  but  I  should  like  to  learn  some- 
thing about  the  '  Original  Epistle  of  Eleu- 
therinus  to  Lucius,'  of  which  Speed  in  his 
'  Chronicles '  (1625,  p.  102)  gives  a  copy ; 
the  original,  he  states,  "  was  in  the  Records 
and  Constitutions  of  the  City  of  London." 
A  marginal  note  reads  :  "  Now  in  the 
possession  of  Sir  Robert  Cotton,  Antiquary." 
ALFRED  CHAS.  JONAS. 


THE  DUBLIN  GUNNS.  —  The  Hon.  Mrs. 
Calvert  tells  in  her  diary,  '  An  Irish  Beauty 
of  the  Regency,'  of  the  "  Miss  Gunns."  "  I 
never  knew  such  girls,"  she  says  in  1808; 
"  they  sing  divinely  and  are  very  entertain- 
ing "  (p.  115).  She  met  them  again  at 
Geneva  in  1817,  when  they  "  sang  divinely  : 
they  have  wonderful  talents."  These  ladies 
were  the  daughters  of  George  Gun,  after- 
wards Gun-Cuninghame.  But  their  musical 
talent  suggests  that  their  family  may  have 
been  connected  with  Michael  Gunn  (d.  1861), 
father  of  the  late  Mr.  Michael  Gunn  (d.  1901), 
the  manager  of  the  Gaiety  Theatre,  Dublin. 
Is  this  so  ?  J.  M.  BULLOCH. 

BEQUEST  or  BIBLES.  —  "  By  the  will  of 
Philip  Lord  Wharton  1868  "  is  inscribed  on 
ajjBible  I  possess.  He  died  in  1695,  and  left 
a  charge  on  his  estates  to  supply  a  certain 
number  of  Bibles  annually  to  every  parish 
where  he  had  property.  Is  it  still  a  custom 
for  these  Bibles  to  be  presented  ?  T.  S. 

THE  YOUNG  MAN'S  COMPANION.'  —  I 
should  like  to  know  the  date  of  the  first  edi- 
tion of  this  book  by  William  Mather.  I  have 
a  very  battered  copy,  without  covers  —  a 
revised  edition,  the  preface  ending  :  — 

"  Bedford,  October  the  16th,  1713.  I  am  a 
well-wisher  of  the  general  good  of  all.  William 
Mather,  Aetatis  suse  77." 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

NORTH  DEVON  WORDS  c.  1600.  —  In  the 
Churchwardens'  Accounts  for  the  Parish 
Church  of  Hols  worthy  in  North  Devon  are 
;he  following  entries  :  — 

1598.    "  Bread  an  tea  an  sugar  an  worthings." 

"  Reed,  for  gyrte  sold  iijs.  Id" 

"  Pd.  to  a  breyse  at  Topsham  1  0." 

"  5  y  cards  of  dossles  to  make  a  Batchett  for  the 
" 


1609.  "  Item  Reed,  for  beanes  and  amyllyea 
old  5d." 

"  Sowne  money." 

have  never  before  seen  worthing,  gyrte  , 
Breyse,  dossles,  amyllyea,  or  sowne.  They  are 
lot  to  be  found  in  the  dialects  of  Devon  or 
West  Somerset,  nor  in  the  twenty  odd  Re- 
ports of  the  Committee  for  collecting  Devon- 
hire  Provincialisms,  appointed  by  the 
Devonshire  Association  for  the  Advancement 
>f  Science,  Literature,  and  Art.  I  should 
hink,  although  it  scarcely  seems  credible, 
hat  they  are  peculiar  to  Holsworthy  and 
istrict.  I  shall  be  very  much  obliged  to 
my  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  who  can  interpret 
hem  for  me,  and  turn  them  into  modern 
anguage,  if  possible.  A.  J.  DAVY. 

Torquay. 

[Is  breyse  a  variant  spelling  of  brief,  the  /  being 
ead  as  a  long  s  ?  ] 


450 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  2,  ion. 


MURDER  IN  AMERICA. — I  was  recently 
told  that  in  Household  Words  or  All  the 
Year  Round  about  1860,  in  a  series  of  articles 
on  murders  in  various  countries,  one  is 
mentioned  committed  by  a  man  named 
Holworthy  in  the  United  States.  He  is 
said  to  have  killed  his  wife  and  children 
under  exceptionally  terrible  circumstances, 
and  afterwards  to  have  committed  suicide. 
I  shall  be  very  grateful  to  any  reader  who 
can  give  me  the  reference. 

F.  M.  R.  HOLWORTHY.  F.S.G. 

Bromley,  Kent. 

HADRIA. — Can  anybody  give  me  tbe 
name  of  a  novel  published  some  fifteen  years 
ago,  one  of  whose  characters  was  named 
Hadria  ?  R.  USSHER. 

GEESE  AND  MICHAELMAS  DAY. — What  is 
the  connexion  between  the  eating  of  a 
goose  and  the  festival  of  St.  Michael  and  All 
Angels,  or  Michaelmas  Day  ?  RAVEN. 

[See  Brewer's  'Dictionary  of  Phrase  and  Fable.'] 


EARLY    ARMS    OF    FRANCE. 

(11  S.  iv.  389.) 

I  DO  not  believe  that  the  ancient  arms 
of  France  were  ever  anything  but  Azure, 
semee  of  fleurs-de-lis  or,  but  the  following 
extract  from  a  notebook  of  my  own  may 
prove,  at  least,  amusing  in  this  connexion. 
^  The  late  Rev.  E.  B.  Elliott,  of 
St.  Mark's,  Kemptown,  Brighton,  in  his 
'  Horse  Apocalypticae,'  iv.  69,  says  that  the 
three  frogs  in  Revelation  xvi.  13,  14,  mean 
France,  because  three  frogs  are  the  old 
arms  of  France  !  Montfaucon,  in  his  '  Monu- 
ments de  la  Monarchie  Francaise,'  gives  a 
frog  as  one  of  the  "  monuments  "  (badges  ?) 
of  King  Childeric  (956) ;  and  it  occurs  on  a 
medal  found  in  the  tomb  of  Childeric  at 
S.  Brece,  near  Tournay,  in  1623.  Typhotus 
(p.  25)  gives  as  a  device  on  a  coin  of  Louis  VI. 
a  frog  with  the  inscription  "  Mihi  terra 
lacusque."  M.  Court  de  Gibelin,  in  his 
'  Monde  Primitif  compare  avec  le  Monde 
Moderne'  (Paris,  1781),  says  (p.  181): 
"Nous  verrons  de  voir  que  les  armoiries  de 
la  Guyenne  sont  un  leopard,  celles  des 
Celtes  (surtout  les  Belgiques)  etaient  un 
lion,  et  celles  des  Francs  un  crapaud"  ;  and 
(p.  195)  he  relates  that  in  the  '  Cosmographie 
de  Munster'(?)  it  is  stated  that  the 
King  of  France,  having  penetrated  from 


Westphalia  into  La  Tongre,  saw,  in  a  dream, 
a  figure  with  three  heads,  a  lion,  an  eagle, 
and  a  frog.     A  celebrated  Druid,  whom  he 
:onsulted,    assured    him    that    the    figures 
ypified  the  three  powers  which  should  reign 
successively  in  Gaul :    the  Celts  symbolized 
the   lion,    Normans   by   the   eagle,    and 
Franks  by  the  frog. 

In  a  note  upon  one  of  the  prophecies  of 
Nostradamus,  De  Garancieres  observes  that 
before  the  kings  of  France  took  the  fleurs-de- 
lis  as  arms  the  French  bore  three  frogs 
(London,  1672,  p.  251).  M.  Pynsius,  editor 
of  Fabyan's  '  Chronicles,'  at  the  beginning 
of  the  account  of  Pharamond  (reigned  at 
Treves,  A.D.  420),  states  that  there  is  a 
shield  of  arms  bearing  three  frogs  with  the 
words  "  This  is  the  olde  armes  of  Fraunce  " 
(p.  57,  Ellis  ed.).  In  the  Franciscan  Church 
of  Innspruck  there  are  twenty-three  bronze 
figures  representing  the  most  distinguished 
persons  of  the  House  of  Austria  :  among 
them  Clovis,  King  of  France,  and  on  his 
shield  three  fleurs-de-lis  and  three  frogs. 
The  article  on  '  Heraldry  '  in  the  '  Encyclo- 
paedia Metropolitana '  says  : — 

"  Paulus  Emilius  blazons  the  arms  of  France, 
Argent,  three  diadems  gules  ;  others  say  they  bear 
three  toads  sable  on  a  field  vert,  '  which  cannot 
be  good  armory  '  (Guillim,  cap.  i.),  which,  if 
ever  they  did,  must  have  been  before  the  existence 
of  the  present  rules  of  blazonry." 

When  the  French  under  Louis  XIV.  took 
the  city  of  Arras  from  the  Spaniards,  the 
prophecy  of  Nostradamus  was  recalled, 
"  Les  anciens  crapauds  prendront  Sara  " 
(Seward's  '  Anecdotes,'  quoted  in  Wheeler's 
'  Noted  Names  of  Fiction,'  s.v.  '  Jean 
Crapaud').  J.  B.  P. 

A  long-exploded  legend  stated  that  the 
fleurs-de-lis  in  the  arms  of  France  were  a 
corrupted  form  of  an  earlier  coat,  Azure, 
three  toads  or,  the  reputed  coat  of  arms  of 
Pharamond. 

According  to  the  ancient  tradition,  at  the 
baptism  of  Clovis,  King  of  the  Franks,  the 
Virgin  sent  a  lily  by  an  angel  as  a  mark  of 
her  special  favour.  This  story  was  advanced 
by  the  French  bishops  at  the  Council  of 
Trent  in  a  dispute  as  to  the  precedence  of 
their  sovereign.  The  old  legend  as  to 
Clovis  would  naturally  identify  the  flower 
with  him,  and  it  should  be  noted  that  the 
names  Clovis,  Lois,  Loys,  and  Louis  are 
identical.  "Loys"  was  the  signature  of  the 
kings  of  France  until  the  time  of  Louis  XIII. 
There  can  be  little  doubt  that  the  term 
"fleur-de-lis"  is  quite  as  likely  to  be  a 
corruption  of  "  fleur-de-lois  "  as  flower  of  the 
lily.  The  chief  point  is  that  the  desire  was 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  2,  MIL]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


451 


to  represent  a  flower  in  allusion  to  the  old 
legend,  without,  perhaps,  any  very  definite 
•certainty  of  the  flower  intended  to  be  repre- 
sented (v.  A.  C.  Fox-Davies,  '  A  Complete 
•Guide  to  Heraldry-'  1909,  p.  273). 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

Let  old  Guillim  answer  this  question. 
Here  are  his  words  : — 

"  But  their  opinion  is  more  probable  who,  by 
the  Blazon  of  the  Shield  of  France,  would  shew 
that  the  first  Frankes ....  gave  unto  them  azure 
which  resembleth  the  water  (which  being  calme 
representeth  the  colour  of  the  Heavens)  and 
therein  three  fiower-de-lis,  or,  which  doe  grow 
plentifully  in  these  Marches.  Other  affirm  that 
the  same  was  sent  by  an  Angell  from  Heaven  to 
Clovis  the  first  Christian  King  of  France.  But 
Gregory  of  Towers  in  his  '  History  '  mentioned 
no  such  thing,  neither  does  it  appeare  that  they 
beare  those  Armes  before  the  time  of  King 
Pippine  but  after  the  time  of  Lewis  Le  Grosse, 
at  which  time  it  seemeth  that  Armories  beganne 
to  become  hereditarie  and  were  transferred  from 
father  to  sonne  in  each  family." 

HUGH  S.  MACLEAN. 
Bury,  Lanes. 

John  Guillim,  a  painstaking  writer  on 
heraldry  in  the  early  seventeenth  century, 
accepts  the  statement  of  three  toads  having 
been  the  early  arms  of  France,  and  further 
suggests  a  reason  for  their  adoption.  He 
says  ('  Display  of  Heraldrie,'  1611,  p.  150)  : 

"  The  field  is  Sol,  three  Toades,  erected  Saturne. 
This  coate-armour  was  long  time  borne  by  the 
Kings  of  France,  for  the  Boyall  Ensigne  of  their 
soueraigne  gpuernment,  vntill  Colodoneus  the 
son  of  Chilpricke  leauing  these  did  assume  three 

Flowres    de    Lyces    Sol  in  a  Field  Jupiter  ; 

Toades  and  Frogs  doe  communicate  this  naturall 
property,  that  when  they  sit,  they  hold  their 
heads  steady  and  without  motion  :  which  stately 
action  Spencer  in  his  '  Shepheards  Calender'' 
calleth  the  Lording  of  Frogs.  The  Bearing  of 
Toades  (after  the  opinion  of  some  Armorists) 
doth  signifie  a  hasty  Cholericke  man,  that  is 
easily  stirred  up  to  anger,  whereuntp  he  is  natur- 
ally prone  of  himselfe,  hauing  an  inbred  poison 
from  his  birth." 

WM.  NORMAN. 

The  arms  of  France  are  said  to  have  been 
three  frogs  or  toads,  which  were  changed 
into  fleurs-de-lis  by  Clovis  when  he  became 
a  Christian.  Much  about  it  has  been 
printed  at  2  S.  viii.  471  ;  ix.  113  ;  8  S.  x.  14. 
But  it  has  been  shrewdly  suspected  that  there 
never  was  any  real  variation,  the  mistake 
arising  from  the  similarity  in  outline  of  the 
two  charges.  By  looking  up  the  references 
in  the  General  Indexes  under  '  Fleur-de-lis  ' 
several  other  origins  will  be  found. 

W.  C.  B. 

[MR.  DOUGLAS  OWEN  is  also  thanked  for  reply.] 


MUNICIPAL  RECORDS  PRINTED  (11  S.  ii. 
287,  450,  529  ;  iii.  493  ;  iv.  131,  390).— 
Of  the  following  Livery  Companies  his- 
tories or  sketches  have  been  published,  of 
various  degrees  of  value  and  bulk,  ranging 
from  the  20  octavo  pages  about  the  Homers 
to  the  623  large  paper  concerning  the 
Barber  Surgeons.  I  have  not  given  the  full 
titles,  the  list  merely  indicating  those  of 
which  a  title  is  in  the  B.M.  Catalogue, 
where  some  are  to  be  found  under  the 
author's  name,  some  under  London — Livery 
Companies,  some  under  both.  There  are 
also  a  few  in  the  Guildhall  Library  which 
I  have  not  seen. 

LIVERY  COMPANIES. 

History  of  the  Twelve  Great  Livery  Companies  of 
London ;  principally  compiled  from  their 
Grants  and  Records,  with  an  Historical  Essay, 
and  Accounts  of  each  Company,  &c.  By 
Wm.  Herbert.  2  vols.  (1837,  1836.)  The  Com- 
panies are  Brewers,  Clothworkers,  Drapers, 
Fishmongers,  Goldsmiths,  Grocers,  Haber- 
dashers, Ironmongers,  Leathersellers,  Mercers, 
Merchant  Tailors,  Salters,  Skinners,  Vintners. 
Index  of  Matters. 

Apothecaries. — History  of  the  Society  of  A.  By 
C.  B.  B.  Barrett.  (1905.)  Index,  but  faulty 
with  regard  to  names. 

Armourers  and  Brasiers. — The  Ceremonial  and 
Observances  of  the  Worshipful  Company  of 
A.  and  B.,  in  the  City  of  London,  in  holding 
Courts  and  other  Meetings,  Elections,  Admis- 
sions, and  Entertainments.  By  C.  J.  Shoppee. 
(1885.)  Index  of  Matters. 

The  Barbers'  Company.  By  G.  Lambert.  (1890.) 
— Transactions  of  the  London  and  Middlesex 
Archaeological  Society,  VI.  123-89.  Index  at 
end  of  volume. 

History  of  the  Barber-Surgeons  of  London. 
By  T.  J.  Pettigrew.  (1853.) — Journal  of  the 
British  Arch.  Assoc.,  Vol.  VIII.  pp.  95-130. 
Very  few  names,  which  do  not  appear  in  the 
Index  to  the  volume. 

Barber-Surgeons. — Annals  of  the  B.-S.  of  London, 
compiled  from  their  Records  and  other  Sources. 
By  S.  Young.  (1890.)  Table  of  Contents, 
Chronological  Lists,  and  Index  Rerum  et 
Nominum. 

Anglise  Notitia,  or  the  Present  State  of 
England.  (1669.)  On  the  fly-leaves  of  the 
first  edition  is  a  MS.  list  of  names,  &c.,  of  the 
College  of  Physicians.  This  contains  some 
well-known  names,  and  is  ten  years  older  than 
the  earliest  published  by  the  College  of  Phy- 
sicians— see  next  entry. 

College  of  Physicians. — An  Exact  Account  of 
all  who  are  the  present  Members  of  the  King's 
College  of  Physicians  in  London,  and  others 
authorized  by  them  to  Practise  in  the  said 
City,  and  within  seven  miles  compass  thereof, 
whereby  Ignorant  and  Illegal  Pretenders  to  the 
exercise  of  the  said  Faculty  may  be  discovered, 
&c.  Fellows,  Candidates,  Honorary  Fellows, 
Licentiates.  (1676.) 

The  next  lists  are  for  1683,  1688,  1693,  1694, 
1695,  enlarged  1695,  Badger's  List  1659-95 
(alphabetical)  ;  then  1704,  1705,  1706  (this 
has  addresses),  and  so  on  till  the  last  in  1786. 


452 


NOTES  AND   QUERIES.         tn  s.  iv.  DEC.  2, 1911. 


Munk's  '  Roll  of  the  Royal  College  of  Phy- 
sicians, 1518  to  1825,'  contains  the  principal. 
For  Guy's  see  Wilk's  '  Biographical  Hist,  of 
Guy's  Hospital.' 

Basket  Makers. — A  short  Account  of....B.M. 
By  the  Clerk.  (1907.)  A  pamphlet  of  4£  pp. 

Blacksmiths.     See  Ironmongers. 

Bowyers. — Grant  of  Arms  to  the  Company  of  B., 
1488.  Regrant  by  Charles  II.,  1666,  of  Charter 
by  James  I.,  1621.  Extract  from  Will  of  Mr 
James  Wood,  &c.  (1901.)  No  index. 

Butchers. — A  Sketch  of  the  Early  History  of  the 
Worshipf ul  Company  of  B.  By  J.  Daw.  (1890.) 
No  index. 

Carpenters. — Historical  Account  of  the  Worshipful 
Company  of  C.  By  E.  B.  Jupp.  (1848.)  Table 
of  Contents,  Index,  and  Notes,  principally  of 
Matters. 

Second  edition,  with  Supplement  by  W.  W. 
Pocock.  (1887.)  Fuller  lists,  but  Index 
faulty. 

Clockmakers. — The  Names  of  the  Master,  Warden, 
Assistants,  and  the  rest  of  the  Livery  of  the 
Worshipful  Company  of  C.  Audit  Day, 
October  21,  1802.  Names  not  alphabetical. 

Then  lists  for  1852,  1853,  1855,  1860  (enlarged 
a  little),  1874,  with  a  few  intervals  to  1896. 

Some  Account  of  the  Worshipful  Company 
of  C.  By  S.  E.  Atkins  and  W.  H.  Overall. 
(1881.)  Contents.  There  is  an  Index,  in 
which  the  biographical  notices  are  marked  in 
different  figures. 

Clothworkers. — The  Charter  of  the  Company  of  C. 
(1648.) 

Chitwin's  Collections  of  ye  Company  of  ye 
Clothworkers  Priuilidges.  (1649.) 

Selections  from  the  Rules  and  Orders  of  the 
Court  of  the  C.  Company.  By  W.  B.  Towse. 
(1840.)  Index  of  Matters. 

Coopers. — Historical  Memoranda,  Charters,  Docu- 
ments, and  other  Extracts,  1396-1848.  By 
J.  F.  Firth.  (1848.)  Table  of  Contents, 
modern  list  of  Masters  and  Wardens,  but  no 
index. 

Cordwainers. — Brief  History  of  the  Company. 
Prefixed  to  '  The  Boots  and  Shoes  of  our  An- 
cestors,' a  catalogue  of  exhibits  in  1895.  No 
index. 

Couriers. — A  Short  History  of  C.  By  E.  H. 
Burkitt.  (1906.)  Chronological  list  of  Masters 
from  1682. 

Cutlers. — I  have  reason  to  believe  that  a  history 
of  this  Company  is  "  on  the  stocks,"  and  con- 
tains a  fine  list  of  apprentices. 

Dyers.- — Some  Account  of  the  History  and  An- 
tiquity of  the  Worshipful  Company  of  D.  By 

E.  C.  Robins.      (1881.) — Transactions  of  London 
and  Midd.  Arch.  Soc.,  V.   441-72.     There  are 
only  a  few  names,  and  not  all  these  are  in  the 
Index  to  the  volume. 

Fishmongers. — Short  Account  of  Portraits,  &c., 
in  the  possession  of  the  Company.  By  J. 
Wrench  Towse.  (1907.)  Index. 

Founders. — Annals  of  the  Worshipful  Companv  of 

F.  By    W.    M.    Williams.     (1867.)     Table    of 
Contents,  modern  list  of  Liverymen  and  Free- 
men, Index  chiefly  of  Matters. 

See  also  '  Notes  from  an  Old  City  Account- 
Book,'  by  J.  C.  L.  Stahlschmidt  (1886),  Archceo- 
logical  Journal,  XLIII.  162-76. 

1  Girdlers. — An  Historical  Account  of  the  Worship- 
ful Company  of  G.  By  W.  D.  Smythe.  (1905.) 
Index. 


Glass-Sellers. — The  Worshipful  Company  of  G.-S. 

of  London.     (1898.) 

Gold-Wyre  Drawers. — History  of  the  Worshipf  ul 
Company  of  Gold  and  Silver  Wyre-Drawers, 
and  of  the  Origin  and  Development  of  the 
Industry,  &c.  By  Horace  Stewart.  (1891.) 
Index. 

Goldsmiths. — Memorials  of  the  Goldsmiths'  Com- 
pany, 1335-1815.  2  vols.  (1896-7.)  Each 
volume  indexed. 

Grocers. — A  Short  Account  of  the  Company  of  G. 
from  their  original,  &c.  By  Wm.  Ravenhill. 
(1689.)  A  pamphlet  with  some  useful  lists  of 
names. 

Some  Account  of  the  Worshipful  Company 
of  G.  By  J.  B.  Heath.  (1st  ed.,  1829  ;  2nd, 
1854  ;  3rd,  1869.)  The  last  is  here  described. 
Table  of  Contents,  Appendix,  and  General 
Index. 

Facsimile  of  First  Volume  of  MS.  Archives  of 
the  Worshipful  Company  of  G.  A.D.  1345-1463. 
With  Extracts  from  the  Records  of  the  City  of 
London  and  Archives  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral. 
By  J.  A.  Kingdon.  Part  I.  (1886.) 

Early  Records  of  the  Company  of  G.  from 
1428  to  1462.  Part  II. 

Supplementary  Extracts,  &c.     Part  III. 
Beautiful  volumes,  but  no  index. 
Homers. — History  of  the  Worshipful  Company  o- 

H.  By  C.  H.  Compton.  (1902.)  No  index. 
Ironmongers. — A  Brief  History  of  the  Worshipful 
Company  of  I.,  A.D.  1351-1889.  With  an 
Appendix  containing  some  Account  of  the 
Blacksmiths'  Company.  By  T.  C.  Noble. 
(1889.)  Table  of  Contents,  but  no  Index. 
The  B.M.  copy  has  newspaper  cuttings  inserted. 
The  Appendix  contains  some  drawings  by 
George  Cruikshank  of  St.  Dunstan  and  the 
Devil. 

Some  Account  of  the  Worshipful  Company 
of  I.  By  J.  Nicholl.  (1851.)  Index  of  Arms, 
of  Names  of  Persons,  and  General  Index. 

Second  edition.  (1866.)  Same  arrangement, 
but  extended  and  improved. 

Leathersellers. — History ....  of  Worshipful  Com- 
pany of  L.  By  W.  H.  Black.  (1871.)  Table 
of  Contents,  plenty  of  names.  A  fine  volume 
with  beautiful  facsimiles,  plates,  &c.,  yet, 
though  the  compiler  had  been  Assistant  Keeper 
of  the  Public  Records,  there  is  no  index. 
Masons. — Records  of  the  Hole  Crafte  and  Fellow- 
ship of  M.,  with  a  Chronicle  of  the  History  of 
the  Worshipful  Company  of  M.  By  E.  Conder. 
(1894.)  Good  Table  of  Contents,  but  the  Index 
is  faulty,  as  a  few  only  of  the  many  names  in 
the  text  are  included. 

Mercers. — Remarks  on  the  Mercers  and  other 
Trading  Companies  of  London,  followed  by  some 
Account  of  the  Records  of  the  Mercers'  Com- 
pany. By  J.  G.  Nichols.  The  Plate  of  the 
Company.  By  G.  R.  French.  (1871.) — Trans. 
London  and  Midd.  Arch.  Soc.,  iv.  131-50. 
A  few  names,  some  of  which  are  in  the  Index, 
to  the  volume. 

Musicians. — The  Worshipful  Company  of  M. — 
First  ed.  (1902.)  Second.  (1905.)  Table  of 
Contents,  Lists,  &c.  No  index. 
Needlemakers. — The  Worshipful  Company  of  N. 
By  J.  E.  Price.  (1876.)  Mostly  modern,  and 
no  index. 


I 


n  s.  iv.  DEC.  2,  MIL]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Painter-Stainers. — Catalogue  of  the  Pictures. 
Prints,  Drawings,  &c.,  in  the  possession  of  the 
Worshipful  Company  of  P.-S.  (1908.)  Has 
some  useful  biographical  notes,  but  no  index. 
Parish  Clerks. — Collectanea  Ecclesiastica  :  being 
a  Collection  of  very  curious  Treatises .... 
relating  to  the  Rights  of  the  Clergy ....  a 
large  Appendix  containing  original  Papers, 

Records,  &c Concluding  with  an  Essay  on 

the  Office  and  Duties  of  Parish  Clerks.  By 
S.  Brewster.  (1752.)  Table  of  Contents,  but 
no  index. 

x  i        Some  Account  of  Parish  Clerks,  more  espe- 

j    cially  of  the  Ancient  Fraternity  (Bretherne  and 

Sisterne)   of   S.    Nicholas,   now  known   as   the 

•    Worshipful  Company  of  P.C.     By  J.  Christie. 

(1893.)     Table  of  Contents  and  Index,  but  the 

'  latter  is  very  defective  with  regard  to  names. 

Patternmakers. — The    Worshipful    Company    of 

P.     A  List  of  the  Masters,  Wardens,  &c.,  with 

a   '  Short  Account  of  the  Patten  '   and   '  Two 

Years  in  the  Chair'  by  G.  Lambert.     (1890.) 

Small  pamphlet,  quite  modern,  and  no  index. 

Paviors. — History  of    the    Worshipful   Company 

of  P with  brief  notices  of  London  Streets, 

their  Roadways  and  Pavements.  By  C. 
Welch.  (1909.)  Index,  but  faulty  both  for 
places  and  names. 

Pewterers. — History  of  the  Worshipful  Company 
of  P.,  based  upon  their  own  Records.  2  vols. 
(1902.)  General  Index. 

Poulters. — The  Charter  of  the  Worshipful  Com- 
pany of  P.,  London  :  its  Orders,  Ordinances, 
and  Constitution ....  With  a  List  of  the  Estates 
and  Charities  belonging  to  and  under  the  direc- 
tion of  the  Court  of  Assistants.  (1903.)  The 
concluding  portion  contains  a  few  names. 
Saddlers. — Descriptive  and  Historical  Account 

of  the  Guild  of  Saddlers By  J.  W.  Sherwell. 

(1889.)  Table  of  Contents  and  Index,  the 
latter  faulty  for  names. 

Shipwrights.— Short  Account  of  the  Worshipful 
Company  of  S.  By  R.  R.  Sharpe.  (1876.) 
Small  pamphlet  with  a  few  names  ;  no  index. 
-Skinners. — Some  Account  of  the  Worshipful 
Company  of  S ...  .being  the  Guild  or  Fraternity 
of  Corpus  Christi.  By  J.  F.  Wadmore.  (1902.) 
Table  of  Contents  and  Index,  but  the  latter 
faulty  as  regards  names. 

Stationers. — Orders,  Rules,  and  Ordinances  or- 
dained, devised,  and  made  by  the  Master,  and 
Keepers  or  Wardens,  and  Commonalty  of  the 
Mystery  and  Art  of  S.  (1682.)  Small  pamphlet. 
An  Ordinance  ordained,  devised,  and  made 
by  the  Master,  and  Keepers  or  Wardens,  &c. 
of  the  S.  (1678.)  Fuller  than  the  pre- 
vious one. 

Records  of  the  Worshipful  Company  of  S. 
By  C.  R.  Rivington.  (1883.)— Trans.  London 
and  Midd.  Arch.  Soc.,  vi.  280-340.  Many  names, 
but  Index  to  volume  faulty  for  these. 

Short  Account  of  the  Worshipful  Company 
of  S.,  1403-1903.  By  C.  R.  Rivington.  (1903.) 
Chronological  lists  of  Masters  and  Clerks,  but 
no  index,  though  containing  many  valuable 
names  (see  p.  41). 

Tallow  Chandlers. — Records  of  the  Worshipful 
Company  of  T.  C.  By  M.  F.  Monier- Williams. 
(1898.)  There  is  a  'Prefatory  Note'  to  the 
effect  that  the  materials  have  been  collected 
and  arranged  by  Mr.  Story  Maskelyne,  of  the 


P.R.O.,  and  Mr.  H.  F.  Wilson,  barrister-at- 
law  ;  but  though  the  book  is  a  mass  of  names, 
there  is  no  index. 

Tin  Plate  Workers. — A  Chronological  History  of 
the  Worshipful  Company  of  T.P.W.,  alias 
Wire  Workers,  of  the  City  of  London,  from 
the  date  of  its  Incorporation  to  the  Present 
Time.  By  E.  A.  Ebblewhite.  (1896.)  Good 
Table  of  Contents,  the  last  item  being  '  Index 
to  all  names  of  persons  and  places,  subjects, 
trade  terms,  &c.' 

Vintners. — Some  Account  of  the  Ward  of  Vintry 
and  the  Vintners'  Company.  By  W.  H, 
Overall. — Trans.  London  and  Midd.  Arch, 
Soc.,  iii.  404-31. — The  Muniments  of  the 
V.C.  By  J.  G.  Nichols.  Ibid.,  432-47. — 
Biographical  Notices  of  some  Eminent  Members 
of  the  V.C.  By  T.  Milbourn.  Ibid.,  pp.  448- 
471. — Description  of  the  Plate  and  Tapestry  of 
the  V.C.  By  G.  R.  French.  Ibid.,  pp.  472-91. 
(1870.) 

These  were  all  republished  with  revision  by 
T.  Milbourn.     (1888.)     Has  Index. 

Watermen. — History  of ....  the  Company  of  W. 
and  Lightermen  of  the  River  Thames,  with 
Numerous  Historical  Notes,  1514-1859.  By 
H.  Humpherus.  In  3  vols.  In  the  B.M, 
Catalogue  it  is  marked  "  In  progress,"  and 
each  volume  is  marked  as  received  under 
copyright  on  6  July,  1887.  It  reaches  only 
to  1849,  so  another  volume  was  intended. 
There  is  no  index  in  the  ordinary  sense,  but  a- 
valuable  classified  chronological  one. 

Wheelwrights. — Short    Account    of    the    Wheel- 
Wrights'   Company.     By  J.   B.  Scott.     (1884.) 
Chronological  lists  of  names,  but  no  index. 
A.  RHODES. 
(To  be  continued.) 

CEYLON  OFFICIALS  :  CAPT.  T.  A.  ANDER- 
SON (11  S.  iv.  268,  313,  355).— I  have  to 
thank  MB.  M.  L.  FERRAR  and  W.  S.  for 
details  concerning  this  officer's  service. 
With  reference  to  MR.  FERRAR' s  remarks  : 
Capt.  Anderson  served  in  the  wars  of  1803 
and  1815,  but  not  in  the  rebellion  of  1818, 
as  he  left  Ceylon  on  7  Nov.,  1816,  by  the 
ship  Alexander  with  his  family.  He  writes 
the  Introduction  to  the  '  Wanderer  '  from 
;'  Chelsea,  1  June,  1817."  He  was  in  Eng- 
_and  1807-8.  He  seems  to  have  become 
unpopular  in  the  regiment,  for  on  3  April, 
1811,  he  was  tried  by  court-martial  for  sub- 
mitting to  be  told  by  his  commanding 
officer,  Col.  the  Hon.  Patrick  Stuart,  that 
he  had  told  a  lie,  and  secondly  for  the  singular 
offence  of  "  not  having  fulfilled  his  written 
Dromise  to  leave  the  regiment  within  a  year 
)f  his  leaving  for  England  on  24th  Septem- 
ber, 1807."  He  was  acquitted  on  the  first 
charge,  but  convicted  on  the  second,  and 
publicly  reprimanded  in  April,  1812.  He 
vas  not,  however,  required  to  leave  the 
regiment — possibly  the  court  had  no  power 
;o  enforce  the  "  specific  performance "  of 
lis  promise.  He  was  evidently  not  in 


454 


NOTES  AND  Q  UEEIES.        in  s.  iv.  DEC.  2, 1911. 


favour  with  the  military  authorities,  for 
he  remarks  with  some  bitterness  in  his 
*  Adieu  to  Ceylon,  written  on  Board  of  Ship,' 
in  1816-17:— 

Farewell,  ye  Staff,  with  formal  face, 

In  all  the  pomp  and  "  pride  of  place," 

Of  you  I  have  not  much  to  say, 

I  never  touch'd  your  double  pay, 

But  ever  was  a  luckless  sinner, 

Who  seldom  shared  a  King's  house  dinner, 

While  every  idle  word  that  hung 


Upon  my  heedless  pen,  or  tongue, 
Was  deemed  a  sly  intei 


intended  hit, 
To  show  my  wicked  wanton  wit. 

From  which  it  seems  that  his  propensity 
for  writing  verses  was  not  appreciated. 
But  in  1803  he  had  been  very  friendly  with 
the  officers  massacred  at  Kandy — letters 
from  four  of  whom,  as  well  as  from  Major 
Davie,  the  commanding  officer,  he  prints 
at  the  end  of  his  '  Poems  written  chiefly 
in  India  '  ;  and  also  with  Surgeon  W.  S. 
Andrews  of  the  19th,  to  whom  he  dedicates 
this  book.  He  was  twice  married.  Two 
daughters — Julia,  "by  his  wife  -  — ,"  and 
Sarah,  by  his  second  wife  Sarah — were 
baptized  at  St.  Peter's  Church,  Fort  Colombo, 
on  10  April,  1808 ;  and  a  son,  Danvers 
Wentmore,  at  the  same  church  on  6  Sep- 
tember, 1811.  A  third  daughter,  Victoria 
Maria  Frances  Molesworth,  evidently  called 
after  the  6th  Viscount  Molesworth,  Lieut.  - 
Col.  2nd  Ceylon  Regiment,  who  was  in  the 
island  1805-15,  was  buried  at  Trincomalee 
on  20  June,  1816.  These  '  Poems  '  show 
that  he  was  a  Scotchman. 

Lieut.  Anderson  accompanied  Lieut. - 
Col.  Barbut's  expedition  to  Kandy  in  1803, 
leaving  Trincomalee  on  the  4th  of  February, 
and  reaching  Kandy  on  the  21st  of  the  same 
month.  He  was  allowed  by  General  Mac- 
dowall  to  return  to  Trincomalee,  and  left 
Kandy  on  the  20th  of  March  with  12  con- 
valescent Europeans  and  a  guard  of  30  men 
of  the  Malay  Regiment,  arriving  at  Trinco- 
malee on  the  28th.  It  was  owing  to  his 
desire  to  get  back  to  Trincomalee  that  he 
escaped  the  Kandy  debacle.  The  '  Journal  ' 
kept  by  him  during  his  service  with  Barbut 
is  printed  at  the  end  of  some  of  the  copies  of 
his  '  Poems  written  chiefly  in  India,'  but 
the  British  Museum  copy,  I  believe,  does  not 
contain  it.  He  was  appointed  commandant 
of  Calpentyn,  1  December,  1810,  and  was 
commandant  of  Batticaloa,  1815-16.  In 
the  war  of  1815  he  commanded  the  "7th 
Division,"  which  was  to  march  up  to  Kandy 
from  Batticaloa.  He  had  got  as  far  as 
Bintenne,  now  known  by  its  proper  name, 
Alutnuwara,  nearly  50  miles  from  Kandy, 
when  the  latter  place  was  taken  and  the  war 


was  at  an  end.  This,  in  addition  to  the 
information  received  from  your  corre- 
spondents, is  all  I  know  about  him. 

PENRY  LEWIS. 

THE  DUKE  OF  WELLINGTON'S  FIRST 
SCHOOL  (11  S.  iv.  107). — To  the  evidence 
given  in  my  former  notice  of  the  Duke's 
first  school  in  Trim  I  add  further  testimony. 

Sir  John  Talbot,  first  Earl  of  Shrewsbury 
(b.  about  1388,  d.  1453),  is  said  to  have  built 
"  Talbot  Castle  "  at  Trim,  co.  Meath,  where 
he  frequently  resided  during  his  different 
lieutenancies  of  Ireland,  and  where,  on  a 
stone  in  the  building,  the  Talbot  arms  may 
still  be  seen. 

This  house  became  the  Diocesan  School  of 
Meath,  its  head  master  at  the  very  beginning 
of  the  nineteenth  century  being  the  Rev. 
James  Hamilton,  M.A.  (b.  1776,  d.  1847), 
who  after  a  distinguished  career  at  Trinity 
College,  Dublin,  held,  in  addition  to  the 
curacy  of .  Trim,  the  small  rural  living  of 
Almoritia.  He  was  uncle  and  educator  of 
Sir  William  Rowan  Hamilton,  Kt.  (b.  1805, 
d.  1865),  Royal  Astronomer  of  Ireland,  whose 
'  Life,'  in  three  volumes,  by  Robert  Perceval 
Graves,  M.A.,  was  published  in  1882.  In 
the  first  volume,  p.  84,  is  the  following 
passage  : — 

"  The  Diocesan  School  of  Meath,  presided  over 
by  his  uncle,  was  held  in  the  remains  of  Talbot' s 
Castle,  built  by  '  the  Scourge  of  France '  early  in 
the  fifteenth  century,  when  he  was  Lord  Lieutenant 
of  Ireland.  In  this  school  the  illustrious  Duke  of 
Wellington  received  his  early  education,  and  here 
Hamilton  lived  with  his  uncle." 

The  house,  now  called  St.  Mary's  Abbey, 
within  the  precincts  of  which  it  stood,  was 
purchased  from  the  Hamiltons  by  Mr.  A.  V. 
Montgomery,  who  at  present  resides  there. 
He  has  kindly  written  to  me  as  follows  : — 

"  The  tradition  has  always  been  accepted  that  the 
young  Wesleys,  including  Arthur,  received  their 
early  education  here,  and  one  of  the  attics  is  reputed 
to  have  been  their  dormitory." 

R.  E.  E.  CHAMBEBS. 

Pill  House,  Barnstaple. 

FRIDAY  AS  CHRISTIAN  NAME  (11  S.  iv. 
310,  395). — MR.  RHODES,  at  the  latter  refer- 
ence, states  : — 

"  It  was  possibly  a  foundling  named  Darke 
Satterday  [should  be  Setterday]  who  was  [?  buried] 
at  St.  Nicholas's,  Newcastle,  on  25  February,  1597 
('Chronicon  Mirabile,'  p.  97)." 
This  entry  does  not  refer  to  a  burial  at  all, 
but  to  an  event — "  Darke  Setterday,  was 
25  feb.,  1597,"  meaning  that  the  day  was  so 
dark  as  to  be  known  by  that  appellative. 
Many  such  entries  are  made  in  old  parish 
registers.  RICHD.  WELFORD. 


n  s.  iv.  DEC.  2,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


455 


RAGNOR  LOD BUCK'S  SONS  :  HTJLDA  (11  S. 
iv.  249,  315,  337). — Hulda  seems  to  have  been 
somewhat  of  a  favourite  girl's  name  with 
the  early  English  Puritans,  a  liking  inherited 
by  their  offspring,  the  early  New  England  or 
American  Puritans.  In  the  five  New  England 
States,  but  more  especially  in  their  farming- 
districts,  the  name  still  occurs  ;  other- 
wise that  very  solid  New  England  scholar, 
James  Russell  Lowell,  would  hardly  have 
countenanced  its  use  as  an  everyday 
familiar  Yankee  feminine  appellative  in  his 
Yankee  farmhouse  idyll  of  '  The  Courtin',' 
told  in  Yankee  Doric.  Hulda,  as  one  of  its 
characters,  appears  in  the  following  verse 
from  that  poem  : — 

Zekle  crep'  up  quite  unbeknown 

An'  peeked  in  thru'  the  winder, 
An'  there  sot  Huldy  all  alone, 

With  no  one  nigh  to  hender. 

J.   G.   CtlPPLES. 
Brookline,  Massachusetts. 

THE  AMERICAN  NATIONAL  FLOWER  (11  S. 
iv.  228,  352).— The  golden-rod  is  certainly 
not  such,  its  pollen  being  popularly  held 
responsible  for  "  hay-fever "  (or  autumnal 
catarrh),  and  so  leading  to  the  objection, 
"  Better  have  a  flower  which  is  not  to  be 
sneezed  at."  Among  the  other  candidates 
urged  have  been  the  trailing  arbutus,  the 
pansy,  maize  or  Indian  corn,  the  mountain 
laurel,  the  tobacco  plant,  and  the  columbine 
(which  for  several  years  has  been  the  floral 
emblem  of  the  State  of  Colorado).  Sundry 
other  States  have  adopted  specific  flowers, 
but  the  United  States  (or  the  people  thereof 
unofficially)  have  adopted  none,  and  are 
unlikely  to  do  so.  RCCKINGHAM. 

Boston,  Mass. 

In  the  matter  of  a  national  flower,  let 
me  say  that  the  United  States  have  not  as 
yet  adopted  one.  Some  States  have  chosen 
&,  flower,  but  nothing  has  as  yet  been  decided 
in  regard  to  the  national  flower.  As  you  will 
see  from  the  following  extract,  the  Women's 
Clubs  have  decided  in  favour  of  the  mountain 
laurel  : — 

"  Kansas  City,  Nov.  6. — The  National  Federa- 
tion of  Women's  Clubs  has  decided  that  the  United 
States  has  gone  too  long  without  a  national  flower, 
and  club  women  of  the  country  have  been  asked 
to  sign  a  petition  asking  Congress  to  select  the 
mountain  laurel.  When  the  movement  has  been 
indorsed  by  the  clubs  the  federation  will  appoint 
.a  committee  to  present  the  petition  to  Congress 
.and  work  for  the  passage  of  an  act.  The  mountain 
laurel  is  a  small  flower  containing  the  red  and  white 
•colors  of  the  United  States  flag  and  unfolding  in 
almost  a  perfect  star." 

ARTHUR,  LOWNDES. 

143,  East  37th  St.,  New  York. 


The  following  reference  to  the  golden-rod 
occurs  in  Cobbett's  '  American  Gardener ' 
(1821).  Since  the  book  is  dedicated  to  an 
American  lady,  the  writer  could  scarcely 
have  spoken  of  the  plant  in  question  in  this 
manner,  if  it  had  been  at  that  date  the 
American  national  flower  : — 

"  That  there  is  a  great  deal  in  rarity  is  evident 
enough  ;  for,  while  the  English  think  nothing 
of  the  Hawthorn,  the  Americans  think  nothing  of 
the  Arbutus,  the  Rhododendron,  the  Kalmia,  and 
hundreds  of  other  shrubs,  which  are  amongst  the 

choicest  in  England Nay,  that  accursed 

stinking  thing  With  a  yellow  flower,  called  the 
'  Plain- Weed,'  which  is  the  torment  of  the  neigh- 
bouring farmer,  has  been,  above  all  the  plants  in 
this  world,  chosen  as  the  most  conspicuous  orna- 
ment of  the  front  of  the  King  of  England's 
grandest  palace,  that  of  Hampton-Court,  where, 
growing  in  a  rich  soil  to  the  height  of  five  or  six 
feet,  it,  under  the  name  of  '  Golden  Rod,'  nods 
over  the  whole  length  of  the  edge  of  a  walk,  three- 
quarters  of  a  mile  long,  and,  perhaps,  thirty  feet 
wide,  the  most  magnificent,  perhaps,  in  Europe. 
But,  be  not  too  hasty,  American,  in  laughing  at 
John  Bull's  king."— Paragraph  330. 

F,  D,  WESLEY, 

'PROGRESS  OF  ERROR'  (11  S.  iv.  389).— 
This  poem  was  written  (together  with  '  Truth,' 
'  Table-Talk,'  and  '  Expostulation  ')  by  Cow- 
per  in  the  winter  of  1780,  and  appeared 
early  in  1782.  The  lines  (335-52)  reflecting 
so  strongly  upon  Lord  Chesterfield  and  his 
letters  to  his  son  were  not  in  the  original 
draft,  but  were  sent  for  insertion  in  a  letter 
to  Newton  dated  21  January,  1781,  and 
slightly  altered — not  naming  Chesterfield. 

Probably  W.  B.  H.  will  find  it  interesting 
to  consult  the  notes  in  Bailey's  edition  of 
Cowper's  poems  (Methuen  &  Co.). 

W.  T.  LYNN, 

Blackheath. 

TATTERSHALL  :  ELSHAM  :  GRANTHAM 
(US.  iv.  269,  314). — There  was  a  time  when 
I  knew  Grantham  intimately  :  in  my  family, 
educated  or  uneducated,  we  called  it  Gran- 
tham, and  I  can  only  recall  one  person  of 
my  acquaintance — and  he  came  from  another 
county — who  spoke  of  Grant-ham,  and  was 
smiled  at  in  consequence.  MR.  W.  H. 
PINCHBECK  may  be  right  in  his  statement 
that  now  "  Grantham  people  generally  say 
Grant-um  "  ;  and  so  much  the  better,  if 
we  can  be  quite  sure  that  the  original  ending 
of  the  word  was  ham,  and  not  something  that 
has  become  tham.  How  did  the  h  get  into 
Thames,  which  is  the  "  smooth  "  or  "  tran- 
quil "  stream  ?  PROF.  SKEAT  says  Grant, 
whatever  it  may  mean,  is  a  Celtic  river-name  ; 
is  it  very  unlikely  that  the  calmness  of  the 
water  by  which  Grantham  stands  should 


456 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         111  s.  iv.  DEC.  2, 1911. 


suggest  an  adjective  to  qualify  the  Grant  ? 
The  Granthamites  would  be  amused  if  any 
learned  man  should  go  among  them  and 
presume  to  talk  to  them  of  their  Wit-ham, 
which  I  take  the  liberty  of  thinking  may 
denote  the  winding,  quiet  river.  Let  him 
ask,  too,  for  Els-ham  House  at  Grantham, 
and  I  think  he  would  puzzle  a  native. 

I  believe  Tattershall  is  often  called 
Tatters' al  ;  and  that  was  the  way  in  which 
men  spoke  of  its  namesake,  a  well-known 
firm  of  horse-dealers  near  Hyde  Park  Corner. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

PEERS  IMMORTALIZED  BY  PUBLIC-HOUSES 
(US.  iv.  228,  271,331). — There  is  an  error 
in  MR.  F.  S.  SNELL'S  reply  at  p.  332.  The 
owner  of  the  estate  of  Canons,  and  the 
builder  of  the  magnificent  house,  was  James, 
first  Duke  of  Chandos,  not  Duke  of  Buck- 
ingham and  Chandos,  who  died  1744.  The 
estate  and  house  were  sold  in  1747  (see 
ante,  p.  261).  James,  third  and  last  Duke, 
grandson  of  the  first  Duke,  died  in  1789. 
At  his  death  all  his  honours  became  extinct, 
excepting  the  Barony  of  Kinloss,  which 
devolved  on  his  only  daughter  and  heiress 
Anna  Elizabeth,  who  in  1796  married  the 
Marquis  of  Buckingham,  afterwards  (1822) 
created  Duke  of  Buckingham  and  Chandos. 

Apparently  Canons  came  into  the  posses- 
sion of  the  first  Duke  of  Chandos  by  his 
first  marriage  (1695)  with  Mary,  daughter, 
and  eventually  sole  heiress,  of  Sir  Thomas 
Lake  of  Canons.  See  G.  E.  C.'s  (Cokayne's) 
'  Complete  Peerage.' 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

URBAN  V.'s  FAMILY  NAME  (US.  iv.  204, 
256,  316). — At  the  end  of  his  interesting  note 
at  the  last  reference  L.  M.  R,  accepts  the 
alleged  descent  of  the  Norman  lords  of  Bee 
Crispin  (or  Crespin)  and  the  English  Fitz- 
williams  from  the  Grimaldi.  This  theory 
seems  to  have  been  based  en  an  armorial 
coincidence,  the  three  families  in  question 
all  bearing  a  lozengy  shield  of  silver  and 
gules.  But  as  ex  hypothesi  the  house  of 
Crispin  separated  from  the  parent  stock, 
and  the  Fitzwilliams  from  the  Crispins, 
before  heraldry  was  invented,  the  theory 
seems  far-fetched.  So  far  as  the  Fitz- 
williams are  concerned  their  alleged  descent 
is  certainly  fictitious,  the  first  known 
member  of  the  family  being  a  William  fitz 
Godric  who  was  living  more  than  a  century 
after  the  Conquest  (cp.  11  S.  iii.  215-16). 
Of  his  father  nothing  is  known  beyond  his 
name  Godric,  but  this  is  so  distinctively 
English  that  it  is  almost  certain  the  family 


was  of  English  origin.  The  name  Fitz- 
william  means  simply  "  Son  of  William," 
and  did  not  become  fixed  as  the  family 
name  until  more  than  two  centuries  after 
the  Conquest — the  head  of  the  family  temp. 
Edward  I.  being  styled  William  fitz  The  mas 
Ancestor,  xii.  114). 

The  standard-bearer  referred  to  is,  no 
doubt,  Turstin  fitz  Row,  who  bore  the 
Duke's  standard  at  Hastings  in  place  of 
Ralf  de  Toeni  ;  but  although  Turstin  has 
been  affiliated  to  the  house  of  Bee  Crispin, 
M.  Le  Prevost  denied  that  he  had  any 
connexion  with  them  (Planche,  '  Conqueror 
and  his  Companions,'  ii.  197)  ;  and  his 
estates  did  not  descend  to  the  Fitzwilliams, 
but  reverted  to  the  Crown — whether  by 
escheat  or  forfeiture  is  uncertain  (Round, 
'  Studies  in  Peerage  and  Family  Histcry,' 
p.  194). 

Even  the  alleged  descent  of  the  Norman 
Crispins  from  a  Prince  of  Monaco  seems  to 
be  in  need  of  proof,  as  Mr.  Oswald  Barren 
remarks  that  "  no  one  has  traced  a  common 
ancestry  for  the  seigneurs  of  Bee  Crespin 
and  the  Grimalcli  "  (Ancestor,  xii.  112). 

G.  H.  WHITE. 

St.  Cross,  Harleston,  Norfolk, 

BRADSHAW  THE  REGICIDE  (US.  iv.  344). 
— In  reply  to  a  statement  which  had  recently 
appeared  in  The  Illustrated  London  News 
to  the  effect  that  James  Edward  Bradshaw 
of  Fair  Oak  Park  was  the  lineal  descendant 
and  representative  of  the  regicide,  "  B." 
wrote  as  follows  in  the  issue  of  23  Feb., 
1856  :— 

"  Mr.  Bradshaw  of  Fair  Oak  is  descended  from 
the  Bradshaws  of  Darcy  Lever,  near  Bolton-le- 
Moors,  who  first  became  possessed  of  that  estate 
in  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  being  no  doubt  a 
younger  branch  of  the  Bradshaws  of  Bradshaw 
Hall,  near  the  same  town.  The  President  was 
also  descended  from  the  Bradshaws  of  Bradshaw, 
but  his  ancestors  branched  off  from  the  parent 
stock  a  century  before  the  Darcy  Lever  family, 
and  seated  themselves  at  Marple  Hall  in  Cheshire. 
He  was  the  youngest  son  of  Henry  Bradshaw  of 
Marple,  and,  dying  without  any  issue,  the  wreck 
of  his  enormous  wealth  descended  to  his  nephew, 
Harry  Bradshaw  of  Marple,  who  purchased 
Bradshaw  Hall  A.D.  1693,  when  the  head  of  the 
family  died  without  male  issue  ;  since  which  time 
the  estates  of  Marple  and  Bradshaw  have  con- 
tinued in  the  President's  family — having  de- 
scended in  the  female  line  to  the  Bradshaw- 
Isherwoods.  It  is  not  only  a  '  popular  belief  '  in 
Lancashire,  but  a  notorious  fact,  that  several 
branches  of  this  great  and  wealthy  family  became 
extinct  in  the  male  line  soon  after  the  President's 
death.  The  parent  stock  of  the  family,  which 
had  flourished  at  Bradshaw  since  the  time  of 
the  Conquest  for  twenty-five  generations  in  un- 
interrupted male  succession,  became  extinct  in 
1693.  The  President's  own  family  became 


11  S.  IV.  DEC  2,  1911.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


457 


extinct  in  the  male  line  about  1700,  when  the 
sole  heiress  of  the  family  married  an  Isherwood. 
The  Bradshaws  of  Chapel-en-le-Frith  failed  about 
the  same  period.  The  Bradshaws,  now  of  Barton, 
ended  in  a  female  the  beginning  of  the  last  cen- 
tury ;  and  the  Bradshaws  of  Haigh,  now  repre- 
sented by  the  Earls  of  Balcarres,  failed  at  the 
same  time.  To  these  might  be  added  the  Brad- 
shaws of  Makeney  and  of  M  >rebarne.  Thus, 
within  a  century  of  the  President's  time,  seven 
different  branches  at  least  of  his  family  either 
became  altogether  extinct,  or  merged  through 
females  into  other  families." 

See  also  11  S.  ii.  404. 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 
Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

PORCH  INSCRIPTION  IN  LATIN  (11  S.  iv. 
330). — The  thought  is  found  in  more  than 
one  author.  St.  Ambrose,  for  instance, 
*  De  Officiis  Ministrorum,'  lib.  i.  cap.  10, 
§  35,  has  : — 

"  Sapiens  ut  loquatur,  multa  prius  considerat, 
quid  dicat,  aut  cui  dicat,  quo  in  loco,  et  tempore." 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

This  is  perhaps  the  Latin  motto  that  your 
correspondent  is  seeking  : — 
Si  sapiens  fores,  sex  serva  quae  tibi  mando  : 

Quid  dicas,  et  ubi,  de  quo,  quomodo,  quando. 
Nunc  lege,  nunc  ora,  nunc  cum  fervore  labora, 

Tune  erit  hora  brevis,  et  labor  ipse  levis. 

I  make  eight,  not  six,  monitions.     The  lines 
were  found  on  a  stone  in  the  ruins  of  Guild- 
ford    Priory,     and    probably    many    other 
instances  exist.    The  first  part  was  often  used 
on  needlework  samplers  under  the  form  : — 
If  wisdom's  ways  you  Wisely  seek, 
These  things  observe  with  care, 
Of  whom  you  speak,  to  whom  you  speak, 
And  how,  and  when,  and  where. 

Mr.    W.    E.    Norris    in    '  Thirlby    Hall' 
(i.  315)  gives  another  version  : — • 
If  you  your  lips  would  keep  from  slips, 

Five  things  observe  with  care  : 
To  whom  you  speak,  of  whom  you  speak, 

And  how,  and  when,  and  where. 

A.  E.  P.  RAYMUND  DOWLING. 

LOWTHER  FAMILY  (11  S.  iv.  388). — Ac- 
cording to  G.  E.  C.,  *  Complete  Baronetage,' 
ii.  441 :  "The  issue  male  of  the  grantee  of" 
the  Lowther  Baronetcy  of  1638  (?)  "having 
failed,  the  Baronetcy  became  either  extinct 
or  dormant  ".  on  the  death,  24  May,  1806, 
of  Sir  James  Lowther,  created  Earl  of 
Lonsdale  in  1784. 

I  find  nothing  more  about  the  two  mer- 
chant sons  of  John,  the  first  Baronet  (1605- 
1675),  Christopher  and  Hugh,  of  whom  the 
former  is  in  the  pedigrees  called  "  a  Turkey 
merchant,"  and  the  latter  "  a  merchant  in 
London." 


His  grandson  Christopher,  second  son  of 
Sir  John's  third  son,  Richard  of  Mauds 
Meaburn,  M.P.  for  Appleby  1688,  by  his 
wife  Barbara,  daughter  of  Robert  Priokett  of 
Wressle  Castle,  co.  York,  is  said  by  Joseph 
Foster,  in  his  '  Yorkshire  Pedigrees,'  to  have 
married  Anne,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Cowper, 
and  to  have  died  sine  prole  before  1738. 
Burn  and  Nicolson  (i.  436)  say  that  Anne 
was  Sir  John  Cowper 's  only  daughter,  and 
that  he  was  "  cousin-german  to  the  Lord 
Chancellor  Cowper." 

JOHN  R.  MAGRATH. 

CHURCH  WITH  WOODEN  BELL-TURRET 
(11  S.  iii.  10,  95,  156).— The  church  of 
St.  Leonard,  Middleton,  near  Manchester, 
almost  answers  to  the  description  given  by 
W.  B.  H.  at  the  first  reference,  for  it  has 
(an  ugly)  "  square  wooden  bell-turret," 
saddle-backed,  and  its  site  is  on  high  ground, 
with  village  roofs  lower  on  the  left,  and 
woods  beyond.  I  cannot  vouch  for  the 
other  details  adduced,  although  I  have 
passed  the  church  frequently  and  visited 
it  once.  I  may  add  that  its  chronology  is 
as  follows  :  in  existence,  1091,  1291 ;  re- 
built, 1412,  1524  ;  restored,  1869. 

J.  B.  McGovERN. 

St.  Stephen's  Rectory,  C.-on-M.,  Manchester. 

BURGH-ON-SANDS  :        ITS       PRONUNCIATION 

(US.  iv.  409). — Brough  is  often  pronounced 
"  Bruff  "  in  Northumbria.  I  think  I  have 
heard  of  Beningbruff,  Bilbruff,  and  Heming- 
bruff,  though  the  names  meet  the  eye  as 
Beningbrough,  Bilbrough,  and  Heming- 
brough,  and  ofttimes  the  "brough"  is 
called  "  borough."  Brough  Hill  fair,  which 
used  to  be  a  famous  one  for  horses,  always 
took  place  at  Bruff.  R-o-u-g-h  spells  ruff, 
and  B-r-o-u-g-h  Bruff.  As  Prof.  Earle  wrote 
in  his  genial  work  on  '  The  Philology  of  the 
English  Tongue,'  p.  152  : — 

"  It  would  seem  that  there  is  hardly  any  of  these 
ugh  words  that  has  not  had  the  /sound  at  some  time 
or  in  some  locality.  The  '  Northern  Farmer '  says 
k  thruf '  for  through ;  and  in  Mrs.  Trimmer's 
'  Robins,'  chap,  vi.,  though  receives  a  like  treat- 
ment ;  for  Joe  the  gardener  says,  '  No,  Miss 
Harriet ;  but  I  have  something  to  tell  you  that  will 
please  you  as  much  as  tho'f  I  had.' " 
In  a  foot-note  the  Professor  adds  : — 

"  This  will  not  be  found  in  all  editions,  because 
such  rude  things  are  deemed  objectionable  by 
modern  educationists  ;  and  Mrs.  Trimmer  is  ex- 
purgated." 

The  pleasures  of  the  study  of  language  are 
many  and  great,  but  one  of  them  was  lost 
when  Prof.  Earle  was  called  away. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 
[MR.  A.  R.  BAYLEY  is  also  thanked  for  reply.] 


458 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         m  s.  iv.  DEC.  2, 1911. 


NOBLE  FAMILIES  IN  SHAKESPEABE  (11  S. 
iv.  248,  296,  398). — To  COL.  PRIDE AUX'S 
list  of  peers  descended  in  the  male  line  from 
characters  in  Shakespeare  may  be  added 
the  Earl  of  Stamford,  from  the  Marquess  of 
Dorset  ('  Richard  III.'),  and  Lord  Middleton, 
from  Lord  Willoughby  ('  Richard  II.')  ;  and 
the  Blounts  of  Maple  Durham  have  a  male 
descent  from  Sir  Walter  Blunt  ('  1  Henry 
IV.'). 

It  may  be  pertinent  to  add  that  the  Earl 
of  Berkeley  is  descended  in  the  male  line 
from  a  brother  of  "  Earl "  (recte  Lord) 
Berkeley  ('  Richard  II.'),  and  the  Scropes  of 
Danby  from  a  brother  of  Sir  Stephen  Scroop 
('Richard  II.'),  who  was  also  cousin  to 
Scroop,  Archbishop  of  York  ('  1  and  2 
Henry  IV.'),  and  to  Lord  Scroop  ('Henry 
V.').  "  G.  H.  WHITE. 

St.  Cross,  Harleston,  Norfolk. 

"  BROKEN  COUNSELLOR  "  (11  S.  iv.  368). — 
I  suggest  that  the  rector  thus  stigmatized 
was  a  failure  at  the  Bar  before  transferring 
his  abilities  to  the  Church.  "  Broken  limb 
of  the  law  "  was  a  term  of  derision  used  bv 
the  Rev.  W.  Cole  (see  Cole  MS.  5836,  f.  118) 
about  a  troublesome  parishioner. 

W.  BRADBROOK. 

MR.  WILLIAM  WEARE  :  THURTELL  (US. 
iv.  244,  394). — May  I  point  out  to  W.  B.  H. 
that  he  has  made  a  slip  in  referring  to  Sir 
Spencer  Ponsonby-Fane  as  "  the  late  "  ? 

J.  J.  H. 

"  FENT  "  :  TRADE  TERM  (11  S.  iv.  410). 
— It  seems  necessary  to  repeat  once  more 
that  there  are  two  dictionaries  which  explain 
these  things,  viz.,  the  '  E.D.D.'  and  the 
*  N.E.D.'  Both  give  the  etymology  of  the 
term.  Cf.  vent  (1)  in  both  my  Etymological 
Dictionaries.  WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

"  Fents "  is  a  technical  term  denoting 
the  ends  of  calicoes  of  various  descriptions, 
tacked  together.  The  name  is  likewise  given 
to  ends  of  imperfectly  printed  cambrics, 
which  are  sold  by  weight,  and  used  for  patch- 
work quilts.  Originally  the  meaning  was 
an  opening  or  slit  in  a  garment  ;  "slit"  was 
afterwards  applied  to  a  piece  of  material 
slit  off  ;  hence  to  ends,  and  so  to  remnants. 
Cotgrave  gives  Fr.  Fente,  a  clift,  rift,  slit, 
&c.  The  '  New  English  Dictionary  '  at 
sense  5  quotes  its  use  as  an  attribute  in 

"  Mr.  M started    in  business  as  a  fent 

and  general  merchant  "  ;  also  "  Fent-Dealer, 
a  piece  broker,  a  retailer  of  remnants  of 
cloth."  TOM  JONES. 


JOHN  DOWNMAN,  A.R.A. :  MISSES  CLARKE  : 
BARNARD  (11  S.  iv.  328). — The  following 
marriage  announcement  in  The  Lady's 
Magazine  for  August,  1775,  may  possibly 
assist  MR.  H.  C.  BARNARD  in  procuring  the 
information  he  seeks  :  "  Aug.  19.  The  Rev. 
Mr.  Barnard,  fellow  of  Eton  College,  to 
Miss  Frances  Clarke,  youngest  daughter  of 
the  late  James  Clarke,  Esq.,  of  the  six 
clerks  office."  T.  H.  BARROW. 

John  Graham  Clarke  of  Fen  ham  Hall, 
Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  had  five  daughters  : 
Mary,  who  married  E.  M.  Barrett,  and  be- 
came the  mother  of  Elizabeth  Barrett 
Browning ;  Frances,  who  was  united  to 
Sir  Thomas  Butler,  Bart.,  of  Garry hundon, 
co.  Carlow,  on  30  Jan.,  1812,  and  died 
30  Aug.,  1868,  leaving  issue  ;  Charlotte,  who 
became  the  wife  of  Richard  Butler,  brother 
of  the  foregoing,  on  13  June,  1822,  and  died 
in  1835,  leaving  an  only  daughter  ; 
who  married  Robert  Hedley  of  Bedlington, 
Northumberland,  and  had  issue  ;  and  Anne, 
who  died  unmarried.  Which  of  these  ladies 
Downman  painted  I  cannot  say,  but  prob- 
ably inquiry  among  members  of  the  Butler 
family  might  elucidate  the  point. 

RICHD.  WELFORD. 

Newcastle-upon-Tyne. 

BEARDED  SOLDIERS  (11  S.  iv.  386). — 
That  a  whole  regiment  should  have  worn 
beards  is  worth  noting.  This  was  the  case 
in  the  19th  Lancers  in  1820-21  ;  my  friend 
the  late  Col.  Freeman  of  the  18th  Hussars, 
who  saw  them,  told  me  that  "  they  wore 
them  neatly  cut  alike,  with  their  stable 
scissors."  HAROLD  MALET,  Colonel. 

I  do  not  wish  to  be  too  precise  or  "  split 
hairs,"  but  speak  of  the  regulations  affecting 
soldiers  at  the  present  day.  By  soldier  I 
mean  a  military  individual  below  the  rank 
of  a  commissioned  officer.  It  was  a  medical 
reason  for  which  Chevalier  Zavertal  was 
allowed  to  wear  his  beard.  The  last  time 
I  saw  Sir  Evelyn  Wood  he  did  not  have  a 
beard,  though  he  previously  had  worn  one. 
I  can  remember  the  soldiers  coming  home 
from  the  Crimea ;  many  wore  beards,  but 
there  has  been  more  than  one  regulation 
since  then.  A.  RHODES. 

MILITARY  EXECUTIONS  (11  S.  iv.  8,  57, 
98,  157,  193,  237,  295,  354,  413).— There  were 
at  least  two  cases  during  the  South  African 
War  in  which  the  death  penalty,  passed  on 
British  soldiers  at  a  court-martial,  was 
carried  out.  In  February,  1902,  five  Aus- 
tralian subalterns  were  tried  for  having 


ii s.  iv.  DEC.  2,  MIL]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


459 


murdered  in  cold  blood  twelve  Boer  prisoners, 
one  of  whom  was  a  clergyman,  in  the  Spelon- 
ken  district,  Transvaal.  Two  of  these,  who 
were  found  to  have  been  only  accessories, 
were  cashiered ;  one  received  life  imprison- 
ment, and  the  remaining  two  were  sentenced 
to  be  shot.  The  trial  caused  a  sensation  at 
the  time  ;  but  as  the  facts  were  incontestable 
and  demanded  exemplary  justice,  Lord 
Kitchener  was  of  opinion  that  no  clemency 
should  be  extended  to  the  two  guilty  officers. 
See  the  telegraphic  summary  in  The  Times 
of  5  April,  1902.  N.  W.  HILL. 

Now  York. 

We  are  still  without  a  definite  military 
authority  as  to  the  practice.  I  can  give  one 
instance  regarding  which  the  different  pic- 
torial representations  agree  at  least  as  to 
the  one  particular  now  under  discussion. 
In  '  The  Official  Records  of  the  Mutiny  of 
the  Black  Watch,'  at  p.  113,  is  'An  exact 
Representation  of  the  Shooting  the  three 
Highlanders  on  the  Parade  in  the  Tower.' 
The  year  was  1743.  The  firing-party  con- 
sisted of  eighteen  men,  drawn  up  in  three 
ranks  of  six  each.  The  front  rank  knelt 
and  fired,  the  second  stood  and  fired,  while 
the  rear  stood  at  what  I  call  a  kind  of 
"  port  arms " — while  on  the  right  the 
sergeant-major  gave  the  signal  to  fire  by 
dropping  a  handkerchief.  A.  RHODES. 

MARYLAND  PROVERB  :  "  SHOE  HER  HORSE 
ROUND  "  (11  S.  iv.  387). — I  suggest  that 
this  is  equivalent  to  "  make  a  complete 
job  of  it."  In  the  country  blacksmith's 
shop  in  which  I  saw  horses  being  shod  fifty 
years  ago,  the  term  used  when  four  shoes 
were  needed  was  "  shoe  him  all  round." 

W.  H.  PEET. 

All  my  life  I  have  known  the  word  shoo  — 
to  "  shove  "  or  push,  or  turn  about  ;  also 
to  drive  pigs,  fowls,  or  sheep  out  of  mischief. 
"  Now  then,  shoo  it  off,"  is  the  cry 
on  these  occasions.  Workmen,  when  mov- 
ing something  heavy,  say  "shoo  it";  and 
if  it  has  to  be  turned  round  or  over,  "  Now 
then,  shoo  it  round "  or  "  over."  The 
saying  of  the  woman — "  shooe  her  horse 
round  " — seems  to  be  plain  enough  :  that 
she  would  turn  her  back  on  her  husband 
altogether.  For  a  man  to  "  shoo  "  a  horse 
and  cart  would  be  to  turn  them  in  another 
direction.  No  doubt  the  proverb  went,  like 
many  other  sayings,  from  here  to  Maryland. 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 
Worksop. 

[W.  IS.  S.  also  thanked  for  reply.]:' 


'  THE  NOON  GAZETTE  AND  DAILY  SPY  ' 
(11  S.  iv.  388).  —  Perhaps  the  following  may 
have  some  reference  to  the  query  :  — 

J^7?L,,iuly5'  Mr"  Wheildon,  publisher  of  the 
Whitehall  Evening  Post,  and  Mr.  Ayres,  printer  of 
the  Middlesex  Journal,  were  sentenced  by  the  court 
of  King's-bench  to  pay  a  fine  of  100J.  each,  for  the 
publication  of  a  libel  against  the  Russian  ambassa- 
dor."—' The  Chronological  Historian,'  by  W.  Toone,. 


Toone  records  one  other  newspaper  affair  in 
1781,  under  date  25  June,  viz.,  that  the  Rev. 
Henry  Bate,  editor  and  part  proprietor  of 
The  Morning  Post,  was  sentenced  to  be 
imprisoned  one  year  in  the  King's  Bench- 
Prison  for  a  libel  on  the  Duke  of  Richmond. 
ROBERT  PIERPOINT.. 

Du  BELLAY  (11  S.  iv.  347).—  I  would  sug- 
gest that  the  lines  "  Ad  Hilermum  Bellaium 
Cognomine  Langium  "  are  by  "  the  French 
Horace,"  Salmon  Macrin.  Among  his  Latin 
poems  in  Part  II.  pp.  453-573  of  '  Delitis^ 
C.  Poetarum  Gallorum  '  are  two  addressed 
to  this  same  member  of  the  Du  Bellay 
family  —  whom  he  calls  "mi  patrone," 
which  corresponds  to  "  columen  meae  Ca- 
maense  "  —  and  one  to  his  wife. 

As  the  British  Museum  has  six  volumes  of 
Latin  poems  by  Macrin  printed  at  Paris, 
and  one  at  Poitiers,  I  suppose  there  may  be 
a  chance  that  the  lines  in  question,  though 
not  to  be  found  in  the  '  Delitiae,'  have  been 
printed.  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

University  College,  Aberystwyth. 

DIATORIC  TEETH  (11  S.  iv.  290,  395).  — 
As  Siaropos  means  "pierced,"  or  "bored 
through,"  I  presume  artificial  teeth  are 
meant,  that  are  held  in  position  by  means  of 
a  pivot  or  wire,  or  perhaps  grafted  on  to  the 
base  of  sound  teeth.  N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

ROBERT  ANSTRUTHER,  M.P.  (US.  iv.  389).. 
—  Foster,  in  '  Members  of  Parliament  — 
Scotland,'  describes  him  as  "  Probably  son  of 
Sir  John  Anstruther,  4th  Bt.,  M.P.,  Lieut- 
Col.  68th  Regiment  and  Col.  of  the  Tay 
Fencibles."  JOHN  PATCHING. 

MR.  STOCK,  BIBLIOPHILE,  1735  (11  S.  iv. 
307,  356).  —  Mention  of  the  late  Mr.  Elliot 
Stock's  name  in  connexion  with  this  query 
prompts  the  not  unreasonable  surmise  that 
one  of  his  ancestors  may  have  been  the 
Mr.  Stock  referred  to.  The  lamented  pub- 
isher  was,  as  the  writer  can  testify,  himself 
a  keen  collector,  and  the  passion  may  well 
aave  been  inherited.  CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 


460 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         ui  s.  iv.  DEC.  2, 1911. 


0n 


A  Thomas  Hardy  Dictionary  :  1he  Characters 
•and  Scenes  of  the  Novels  and  Poems  Alphabetically 
Arranged  and  Described,  by  F.  Outwin  Saxelby 
'(Boutledge),  is  a  very  capable  guide  to  the  subject, 
:and  should  be  of  considerable  use  to  those  who 
wish  to  refresh  their  memories  concerning  some 
story,  locality,  or  incident.  Synopses  are  pro- 
vided of  all  the  novels  and  stories,  and  the  details 
as  to  prototypes  are  presented  with  care.  In 
some  cases  there  is  no  exact  original,  or  some 
detail  has  been  added  which  does  not  belong  to 
it  _  a  fact  which  distresses  the  crowd  of  commen- 
tators who  hang  round  a  classic,  but  not  the  people 
who  realize  that  a  great  novelist  is  an  artist. 

Altogether,  this  seems  to  us  the  best  of  the 
literary  dictionaries  which  Messrs.  Routledge 
have  produced  of  late  years.  There  is  a  good 
Bibliography,  including  plays  founded-  on  the 
novels,  and  articles  and  books  on  Hardy  and 
Wessex.  Among  the  plays  we  do  not  see  mention 
of  a  drama  derived  from  '  Tess,'  and  it  was 
certainly  not  of  memorable  quality. 

The  brief  '  Biographical  Sketch  '  says  of  Mr. 
Hardy  :  "  His  special  studies,  apart  from  his 
profession,  were  the  Greek  and  Roman  classics, 
and  evidence  of  their  strong  influence  on  his  mind 
is  to  be  seen  in  his  work."  This  is  true,  and  a 
point  not  often  noted,  though  plain  to  any  one 
who,  like  the  present  reviewer,  has  made  a  study 
of  Mr.  Hardy's  range  of  literary  allusion. 

Vol.  II.  of  The  Correspondence  of  Jonathan 
Swift,  edited  by  Dr.  F.  Elrington  Ball  (Bell),  is 
as  excellent  as  its  predecessor,  and  should  establish 
the  work  in  the  favour  of  all  those  who  like  a  thing 
thoroughly  well  done,  yet  without  any  fuss  or 
parade.  Swift's  private  hopes  and  fears,  his 
likes  and  dislikes,  his  friends  and  enemies  —  all 
are  exhibited  before  us  in  his  correspondence  — 
the  term  including  letters  to  as  well  as  from  him. 
There  is  a  curious  interchange  of  letters  in  1713 
between  Steele  and  Swift,  the  latter  conceiving 
himself  injured  by  the  remarks  of  the  former  in 
his  new  paper  The  Guardian.  Swift  has  the  best 
.of  it,  though  Steele  plies  a  pretty  pen  on  his  own 
behalf.  Miss  Esther  Vanhomrigh  writes  lively 
letters  full  of  concern  for  her  admirer,  and  seems 
.of  the  present  century  when  she  asks  Swift, 
who  has  a  bad  head,  not  to  be  persuaded  "  to 
take  many  slops."  In  1713  begins  a  correspond- 
.  ence  with  Arbuthnot,  a  man  of  admirable  humour 
and  feeling,  who  deserved  the  love  of  his  friends. 
Pope,  Gay,  and  Prior  are  bright  letter-  writers, 
but  Archbishop  King,  who  occupies  a  good  deal 
of  space,  is  decidedly  dull.  The  volume  exhibits 
Swift's  character  better  than  a  dozen  fancy 
biographies,  and  is  admirably  edited,  the  notes  at 
the  bottom  of  the  pages  giving  all  the  explanations 
and  references  that  are  required. 

King  Arthur  in  History  and  Legend,  by  W.  Lewis 
Jones,  is  one  of  the  "  Cambridge  Manuals  of 

-Science  and  Literature"  (Cambridge  University 
Press),  which  seek  to  provide  summaries  of 
knowledge  by  experts.  Prof.  Lewis  Jones, 
following  the  lines  of  a  chapter  contributed  by 
him  to  '  The  Cambridge  History  of  English 
Literature,'  gives  in  his  137  pages  an  idea  of  the 

.evidence    concerning    Arthur's    personality    and 


legendary  fame.  Those  who  have  gone  at  all 
seriously  into  Arthurian  questions  know  how 
much  of  the  mist  of  conjecture  and  rival  theories 
involves  the  famous  figure.  We  can  but  make 
the  best  of  obscure  hints,  and  are  hampered 
everywhere  by  doubts  and  contradictions.  A 
sound  basis  for  inquiry,  with  references  to  authori- 
ties is  at  least  provided  by  this  judicious  and 
clearly  written  little  book,  which  gives  students  a 
fair  idea  of  the  difficulties  before  them.  The 
author  has  probably  more  definite  views  than  he 
has  stated,  e.g.,  concerning  sites  associated  with 
King  Arthur,  but  he  is  wise  in  not  being  dogmatic 
on  such  points. 

MAJOR  H.  R.  PHIPPS  has  just  published  Notes 
on  Phipps  and  Phip  Families  in  England,  Ireland, 
the  West  Indies,  and  New  England.  The  present 
pamphlet  (Part  I. )  deals  with  Phipps  of  Notting- 
ham and  Reading,  1570  to  1700,  and,  as  several 
queries  have  appeared  in  our  columns  on  the 
subject,  our  readers  may  be  glad  to  know  that 
Mr.  Henry  Gray,  of  1,  Churchfield  Road  East, 
Acton,  has  a  few  copies  of  the  pamphlet  on  sale. 
Major  Phipps  has  now  worked  out  his  pedigree 
from  1570  onwards  without  a  break,  and  uses 
arms  which  date  back  to  1664. 


THE  LONDON  COUNTY  COUNCIL  added  to  their 
memorials  a  few  days  ago  a  bronze  tablet  at  8, 
Canonbury  Square,  Islington,  where  Samuel  Phelps 
lived  from  about  1846  to  1867,  and  a  lead  tablet 
at  28,  Newman  Street,  Oxford  Street,  where 
Thomas  Stothard  lived  from  1794  until  his  death 
in  1834. 


EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addres&ed 
to  "The  Editor  of  '  Notes  and  Queries  '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub 
lishers  "  —  at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildups,  Chancery 
Lr.ne,  E.G. 

CORRESPONDENTS  who  send  letters  to  be  for- 
warded to  other  contributors  should  put  on  the  top 
left-hand  corner  of  their  envelopes  the  number  of 
the  page  of  'N.  &  Q.'  to  which  their  letters  refer, 
so  that  the  contributor  may  be  readily  identified. 
Otherwise  much  time  has  to  be  spent  in  tracing  the 
querist. 

To  secure  insertion  of  communications  corre- 
spondents must  observe  the  following  rules.  -Let 
each  note,  query,  or  reply  be  written  on  a  separate 
slip  of  paper,  with  the  signature  of  the  writer  and 
such  address  as  he  wishes  to  appear.  When  answer- 
ing queries,  or  making  notes  with  regard  to  previous 
entries  in  the  paper,  contributors  are  requested  to 
put  in  parentheses,  immediately  after  the  exact 
heading,  the  series,  volume,  and  page  or  pages  to 
which  they  refer.  Correspondents  who  repeat 
queries  are  requested  to  head  the  second  com- 
munication "  Duplicate." 

P.  W,  A.  ("Do  the  work  that's  nearest,"  &c.).— 
Charles  Kingsley,  'Invitation  to  Tom  Hughes.' 
See  10  S.  iv.  38. 

E.  J.  T.—  A  letter  to  be  forwarded  shonld  bear 
a  penny  stamp. 

CORRIGENDUM.—  Ante,  p.  366,  col.  1,  1.  9  from  foot, 
for  "  Buntington  "  read  Burlington. 


ii  8.iv.  DEC.  9,  i9ii.i          NOTES  AND   QUERIES. 


461 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  DECEMBER  <J,  1911. 


CONTENTS. -No.  102. 

NOTES  :— Casanoviana,  461— Signs  of  Old  Country  Inns,  462 
— Holed  Stones  :  Tolmens,  463— Eleanor  of  Bretagne — 
Mrs.  Caudle's  Curtain  Lectures— Timothy  Bright  on 
English  Medicines —Vanishing  Landmarks  of  London- 
Naval  Epitaphs  in  St.  Nicholas's,  Deptford,  464— Boleyn 
Family  in  Ireland — Sunday  Schools  in  1789—"  Writes 
me":  "Stand  it,"  465— Oxen  :  their  Names— Halley's 
Pedigree— Foreign  Journals  in  the  United  States— De 
Quincey's  '  Opium-Eater,'  466. 

QUERIES:— Queen  Mary's  Armorial  Bearings— Donny 
Family,  467— Eugene  Arain— James  Augustus  St.  John— 
Hating  of  Clergy  to  find  Armour— '  The  Convict  Ship'— 
Early  English  Bookbindings  —  Felicia  Hemans— Baau- 
clerk  Family,  463— Londop  Hectors'  Confederation— 
Edward  FitzGerald  and  •  N.  &  Q.'— "Dillisk"  and 
"  Slook  "  -  "  Pe  .  .  tt  "  —  William  Meadows  —  Authors 
Wanted— The  Sun  as  the  Manger  —  Latter  Lammas — 
"  America"  as  a  Scottish  Place  -  Name— Turpin  Jelfe— S. 
Jermyn  —  W.  Jesson  —  Warren  —  Juson,  469  —  Jockey 
Doctors-Wilson  Baptisms— Anglo  -  Saxon  Words— Mar- 
giret  A.  Jeffray — Lackington's  Medals— Prime  Serjeant, 
470. 

REPLIES:  — Edward  Purcell,  470  —  Ralegh's  House  at 
Youghal,  472 -Miss  Howard  and  Napoleon  III.— 'The 
Intelligencer'  —  H.  Fenton  Jadis.  473  — John  Worsley, 
Schoolmaster— "Rydyngaboute  of  victory,"  474— Gibber's 
*  Apology  ' — "  Had  I  wist,"  475 — Crystal  Palace  Tickets — 
Authors  of  Quotations  Wanted— Nelson  :  "  Musle,"  476  - 
Farington  of  Worden  — Spider  Stories,  477  — "Fent"— 
Jiarnard  Family  —  Learned  Horses  —  "  Burway  " — '  Slang 
Terms  and  the  Gipsy  Tongue '  —  Frost  Arms  at  Win- 
chester, 478. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS :  —  '  Growth  of  the  English  Parish 
Church ' — Reviews  and  Magazines. 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 


CASANOVIANA. 

CASANOVA  IN  ENGLAND.  (See  10  S.  viii. 
443,  491  ;  ix.  116  ;  xi.  437  ;  11  S.  ii.  386  ; 
iii.  242  ;  iv.  382.) — I  have  received  a  com- 
munication from  M.  Edouard  Maynial 
(the  author  of  '  Casanova  et  son  Temps,' 
a,  translation  of  which  has  been  published 
recently  by  Messrs.  Chapman  &  Hall) 
that  gives  some  further  evidence  to  prove 
the  identity  of  Casanova's  La  Charpillon 
and  Wilkes's  Charpillon  or  Charpillion.  It 
appears  that  the  name  of  Casanova's  lady 
was  also  Marianne.  M.  Maynial  writes : — 

"  Nous  savons  aujourd'hui  que  la  Charpillon 
d.e  Casanova  s'appelait  aussi  Marianne.  M. 
Aldo  Rava,  un  tres  6rud.it  Casanoyiste,  vient 
de  publier  a  Milan,  chez  Troves,  un  livre  du  plus 
grand  interet:  'Lettere  di  donne  a  Giacomo 
Casanova'  ('  Lettres  de  femmes  &  Jacques  Casa- 
nova ' ).  J'ai  fait  de  ce  curieux  livre  une  traduc- 
tion  franchise  qui  paraitra  prochainement  a 
Paris ....  Or  dans  ce  livre  vous  trouverez  a  la 
page  110-113  deux  amusants  billets  (absolument 
authentiques,  puisqu'ils  ont  et6  copies  aux 
archives  de  Dux)  de  la  Charpillon.  Le  premier  de 
ces  billets  est  sign6  :  *  Mariane  de  Charpillon,' 


ce  qui  est  exactement  le  nom  de  1'amie  de  Wilkes. 
Ce  detail  joint  a  la  circonstance  commune  que 
les  deux  Charpillons  vivaient  avec  une  grand' - 
mere,  une  mere,  et  une  tante,  ne  me  paralt  pas 
laisser  subsister  le  moindre  doute,  et,  pour  ma 
part,  je  considere  comme  resolu  des  maintenant 
1'interessant  probleme  litteraire  que  vous  avez 
pose." 

It  seems  improbable  that  in  ten  con- 
secutive years  there  should  be  living  in 
London  two  well-known  courtesans  named 
Marianne  Charpillon,  both  of  whom  resided 
with  a  grandmother,  a  mother,  and  an  aunt. 
I  shall  take  steps,  however,  to  have  some  of 
the  autograph  letters  of  Wilkes's  Charpillon 
compared  with  the  MSS.  at  Dux,  which  may 
put  the  question  beyond  dispute. 

HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 


EDWARD  TIRETTA. — The  researches  of 
MR.  RICHARD  EDGCUMBE  and  MR.  HORACE 
BLEACKLEY  have  rendered  '  N.  &  Q.'  such 
a  storehouse  of  information  relating  to 
Casanova  that  I  venture  to  add  an  item  of 
information  derived  from  a  source  that 
might  possibly  escape  their  attention.  The 
following  note  occurs  in  Dr.  Busteed's 
'  Echoes  from  Old  Calcutta,'  4th  ed.,  p.  341  : 

"  It  may  be  worth  noting  that  '  le  jeune  Comte 
Tiretta  de  Trevise  '  is  the  name  of  one  of  the 
many  boon  companions  whose  unsavoury  exploits 
in  the  service  of  Venus,  Casanova  tells  of  in  his 
extraordinary  '  Memoirs.'  Casanova  made  his 
acquaintance  early  in  1757  ;  he  was  then  twenty- 
five,  of  a  good  appearance,  with  a  noble  and  jovial 
air.  He  had  fled  to  Paris  from  Venice  to  escape 
the  consequences  of  a  breach  of  trust  there,  and 
arrived  destitute.  Casanova  set  him  up,  and 
put  him  in  the  way  of  making  a  rather  discreditable 
living.  He  witnessed  in  disreputable  company 
the  horrible  execution  of  Damiens,  the  would-be 
regicide,  and  was  much  given  to  gambling, 
fighting,  and  love-making.  After  the  loss  of  a 
favourite  mistress,  he  told  his  patron  that  he 
wished  to  try  his  fortune  in  India,  and  Casanova 
gave  him  a  letter  to  a  friend  in  Amsterdam, 
whence  he  was  sent  to  Batavia.  There  he  got 
into  trouble,  being  apparently  a  thorough  scamp. 
He  made  his  way  to  Bengal,  where  he  prospered 
mightily,  as  one  of  his  relations  told  Casanova 
that  he  was  there  in  1788 — rich,  but  unable  to 
realize  his  fortune  and  return  to  his  country." 

It  seems  that  Tiretta' s  business  in  Cal- 
cutta was  that  of  an  architect  and  land- 
surveyor,  and  he  was  also,  Dr.  Busteed 
thinks,  registrar  of  leases.  His  name  is 
still  preserved  in  that  of  a  bazaar  in  Calcutta. 
His  wife,  who  was  a  Mile.  Angelique  de 
Carrion,  died  in  1796,  after  three  years  of 
wedded  happiness,  and  was  buried  in  the 
Portuguese  burying-ground ;  but  nearly 
two  years  afterwards  the  widower  had  the 
remains  exhumed  and  transferred  to  a  grave 
in  a  cemetery  in  Park  Street  which  he  bought 


462 


NOTES  AND   QUERIES.          tn  s.  iv.  DEC.  9, 1911 


for  the  purpose,  and  presented  to  "  all  the 
Catholic  Europeans  or  their  immediate 
descendants  dying  in  this  Settlement." 
Her  tomb  is  still  standing — on  which  she 
is  described  as  "  Uxor  Edwardi  Tiretta, 
Tarvisini."  The  inscription  is  given  in 
'  The  Complete  Monumental  Register,'  by 
M.  Derozario,  Calcutta,  1815,  p.  148.  When 
Tiretta  himself  died  does  not  appear  to  be 
known,  but  as  no  memorial  of  him  exists 
in  any  of  the  Calcutta  cemeteries,  it  is  pos- 
sible that  he  returned  to  Europe. 

W.  F.  PRIDEATJX. 

CASANOVA  :  SOME  CHARACTERS  IDEN- 
TIFIED.— In  the  Gamier  edition  of  the  famous 
'  Memoires  de  Casanova '  there  are  many 
names  distorted  either  by  Casanova  himself 
or  by  his  successive  printers.  Some  of  these 
are  easily  identified,  e.g.,  "  the  Duke  of 
Rosebury"  (the  3rd  Earl  of  Rosebery,  who 
was  "  some  time  on  the  Continent  ") ;  "  Lord 
Talon,  son  of  Lord  Limore  "  (Lord  Tallow, 
son  of  the  Earl  of  Lismore,  of  Jacobite 
creation)  ;  and  "  Miss  Chodeleigh,"  at  once 
settled  as  she  is  described  as  "  devenue 
Duchesse  de  Kingston."  There  are  many 
other  instances  where  a  stroke  of  the  pen 
puts  all  right.  It  is  different,  however, 
with  another  class,  where  the  names  are  less 
well  known.  It  takes  some  research  to 
find  out  that  "leComte  de  Holstein,"  who 
appears  in  the  episode  of  "  La  Catinella  " 
(ii.  282),  was  the  brother  of  Johann  Friedrich 
Karl  d'Ostein  (1743-63),  Archbishop  of 
Mayence ;  and  that  "  la  Princesse  de  Toude- 
ville  "  (v.  12),  daughter  of  Madame  d'Urfe, 
was  really  Agnes  Marie  (d.  1  July,  1756, 
aged  24),  wife  of  Paul  Edouard  Colbert, 
Comte  de  Creuilly,  known  later  as  Due 
d'Estouteville.  In  the  episode  of  "  Rosalie  " 
(v.  105)  we  find  the  lady  welcomed  and 
admired  by  "  un  vieil  officier  qui  senommait 
Peterson  "  ;  this  was  none  other  than  Sir 
James  Paterson,  a  son  of  Sir  Hugh  Paterson 
of  Bannockburn,  Bart.,  who  was  lieutenant- 
general  in  the  army  of  the  King  of  Sardinia, 
and  Governor  of  Nice,  and  died  at  Bath 
5  Sept.,  1765. 

On  p.  153  of  vol.  vii.  Casanova  mentions 
a  love-affair  between  Lord  Macartney  and 
a  Russian,  Mile.  Chitroff.  This  seems  to  be 
the  same  lady  whom  Lord  Macartney  him- 
self describes  as  "  Mile.  Keyshoff .  .  .  .of  a 
great  family,  but  neither  young,  handsome, 
nor  clever ....  Her  only  merit  in  my  eyes 
was  a  passion  which  she  either  had  or 
affected  to  have  for  me  "  (p.  25,  H.  M.  Rob- 
bins's  '  Our  First  Ambassador  in  China'). 
I  have  been  fortunate  enough  to  find  con- 


temporary evidence  for  what  Casanova! 
writes  about  the  mother  of  Mile.  X.  C.  V, 
(ii.  347,  and  iv.  39  et  seq.,  which  evidently 
refers  to  the  same  family).  Lady  Mary 
Wortley  Montagu  wrote  to  Lady  Bute  from. 
Venice,  3  Oct.,  1758,  about  an  Anglo-Greek 
family  who  are  obviously  identical  ('  Letters,' 
ii.  339-40)  :— 

"  Three  fair  ladies  (I  should  say  four,  including, 
the  Signora  Madre)  set  out  for  London  a  few  days- 
ago.  As  they  have  no  acquaintance  there,  I  think 
it  very  probable  (knowing  their  assurance)  that 
some  of  them  may  try  to  make  some  by  visiting 
you,  perhaps  in  my  name.  Upon  my  word  I  never 
saw  them  except  in  public  and  at  the  resident's, 
who,  being  one  of  their  numerous  passionate 
admirers,  obliged  his  wife  to  receive  them.  The 
father's  name  was  Wynn  ;  some  say  he  had  1,200/. 
per  annum,  others  2,000/.  He  came  several  years 
since  to  Venice  to  dissipate  his  affliction  for  the 
loss  of  his  lady.  He  was  introduced  by  his  gondolier 
(who  are  as  industrious  as  the  drawers  at  London) 
to  this  Greek,  who  I  believe  was  then  remarkably 
handsome,  having  still  great  remains  of  beauty. 
He  liked  her  well  enough  to  take  her  into  keeping, 
and  had  three  daughters  by  her,  before  her  artifices 
prevailed  on  him  to  marry  her.  Since  then  she 
produced  two  boys.  Mr.  W.  died  here,  leaving  all! 
his  children  infants.  He  left  the  girls  1,500^.  each. 
The  mother  carried  them  all  to  England,  I  suppose- 
being  told  it  was  necessary  to  prove  the  marriage. 
She  stayed  there  one  year,  but  bein^  tired  of  tne- 
place,  where  she  knew  nobody,  nor  one  word  of  the- 
language,  she  returned  hither,  where  she  has 
flourished  exceedingly  and  receives  the  homage  of 
all  the  young  fellows  in  the  town,  strangers  and 
natives.  They  kept  a  constant  assembly,  but  had 
no  female  visitors  of  any  distinction.  The  eldest 
daughter  speaks  English.  I  have  said  enough  to- 
hinder  your  being  deceived  by  them,  but  should 
have  much  more,  if  you  had  been  at  Caenwood  in 
full  leisure  to  read  novels.  The  story  deserves  the- 
pen  of  my  dear  Smollett " 

In  one  place  Casanova  says  that  Madame- 
Winne's  eldest  daughter  (ii.  347)  was  then 
at  Venice,  "veuve  du  Comte  de  Rosenberg," 
Ambassador  from  Marie  Theresa  ;  in  another,. 
Mile.  X.  C.  V.,  "  devint  grande  dame  "  at 
Venice  (iv.  127).  I  take  it  she  was  "  1st 
Comtesse  Wynne  de  Rosenberg"  who  was 
author  of  '  Du  Sejour  des  Comtes  du  Nord; 
a  Venise  en  Janvier,  1782,'  Paris,  1782  ; 
'  Pieces  morales  et  sentimentales,'  Londonr 

1785  ;     'II  Trionfo  dei  Gondolieri,'   Venice, 

1786  ;     and    '  Altichiero,'    Padua,    1787  ;     as 
cited    in    Philippe    Monnier's     '  Venise    au 
XVIII.  Siecle.'          A.  FRANCIS  STEUART. 

79,  Great  King  Street,  Edinburgh. 


SIGNS  OF  OLD  COUNTRY  INNS. 
FOLLOWING  up  MB.  LINDSAY  HILSON'S  note- 
(ante,  p.  226),  I  give  a  list  of  inns  from  a 
manuscript  account  of  a  journey  from 
Liverpool  to  the  South  and  back,  begun 
24  April,  1768,  and  ended  7  June  of  the 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  9,  i9ii.j         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


463 


same  year.  The  writer,  Thomas  Chrichlow 
or  Win.  Gorten  (for  there  is  nothing  to  show 
which  wrote  the  account),  seems  to  have 
been  either  a  builder  or  architect,  as  a  great 
many  of  the  remarks  have  reference  to  the 
character  of  the  buildings  in  the  various 
places  they  visited. 

I  ought  to  add  that  the  list  is  made  out 
in  a  rather  confusing  way,  which  makes  it 
difficult  in  a  few  instances  to  be  sure  which 
inn  belonged  to  the  particular  town. 

Chester. — Coach  and  Horses.  Very  obliging 
and  moderate. 

Wrexham. — Red^  Lyon.  Very  obliging  and 
moderate. 

Bllesmere. — Oak.     Very  obliging  and  moderate. 

Shrewsbury. — Red  Lyon.  Very  obliging  and 
moderate. 

Ludlow. — Crown.     Very  obliging  and  moderate. 

Worcester. — Crown.  Very  obliging  and  mode- 
rate. 

Upton. — White  Lyon. 

Tewkesbury. — Hart.  Very  obliging  and  mode- 
rate. 

Gloucester. — King's  Head  (New  Inn). — Dirty, 
but  reasonable. 

Malvern. — Ship.     Moderate. 

Lidney. — Feathers.     Civil  and  moderate. 

Bristol. — White  Hart.  Very  obliging  and 
moderate. 

Chepstow. — Three  Cranes.  Very  obliging  and 
very  moderate. 

Bath.— Three  Tuns  and  White  Lyon.  Neat, 
but  very  dear. 

Devizes. — Bear,  Warminster.     Moderate. 

Salisbury. — Three  Lyons,  Lyon,  and  Cross  Keys. 
Obliging,  but  dear. 

Romsey. — Bell. 

Stockbridge. — King's  Head.  Extravagantly 
dear. 

Deptford.  —  Chequers  (?)  Dirty  and  extra- 
vagant. 

Winchester. — George.     Civil  and  moderate. 

Alresford. — Swan.     Moderate. 

Wickham. — King's  Head.     Moderate. 

Portsmouth. — George.     Obliging,  but  dear. 

Guildford. — White  Hart.   Moderate  and  decent. 

Cobham. — Red  Lyon.  Careless,  but  mode- 
rate. 

London. — Ax  Inn,  Aldermanbury.  Obliging 
and  moderate. 

Windsor. — Mermaid.     Civil,  but  d — d  dear. 

Oxford. — Angel.     Moderate. 

Woodstock. — Bear.     Genteel  and  moderate. 

Stowe,  Bucks. — Hart.  Very  obliging  and  very 
moderate. 

Warwick. — Swan.     Obliging  to  an  extreme. 

Birmingham. — White     Hart.     Obliging     and 
moderate. 

Wolverhampton. — Swan (?),  but  mode- 
rate. 

Stafford. — Swan.     Obliging  and  moderate. 

Newcastle. — New     Roebuck.     Obliging     and 
moderate. 

Holm  Chapel. — Red  Lyon  and  Postboy. 

Northwich. — Crosskeys  (?). 

Warrington.— White  Bull  (?). 


A.  H.  ABKLE. 


Birkenhead. 


HOLED      STONES  :   TOLMENS. 

(See  ante,  p.  227.) 

THE  holed  stone  is  a  peculiar  kind  of  pre- 
historic stone  monument,  presumably 
sepulchral,  occurring  in  Devonshire  and 
Cornwall,  in  Ireland,  Wales,  Scotland,. 
France,  Cyprus,  and  India.  The  size  of  the 
hole  varies  considerably — some  being  no- 
larger  than  a  half-crown,  others  affording  a 
passage  for  the  human  body.  Their  pur- 
pose is  unknown.  Fergusson  ( '  Rude  Stone 
Monuments,'  p.  255)  speaks  of  the  peculiarly 
binding  nature  of  an  oath  sworn  by  persons 
joining  hands  through  a  holed  stone  at 
Stenness.  There  was  the  stone  of  Odin,, 
the  great  monolith,  pierced  by  a  hole  at  a- 
height  of  5  ft.  from  the  ground,  which 
figures  so  prominently  in  Scott's  '  Pirate.' 
It  stood  150  yards  to  the  north  of  the- 
Ring  of  Stenness.  In  Scotland  libations  are- 
poured  through  holed  stones  in  honour  of 
Browny,  the  ~  supposed  guardian  of  bees. 
Miss  A.  W.  Buckland  suggests  that  the 
Men-an-Tol,  near  Penzance,  may  have  been*, 
connected  with  sun-worship,  and  in  the 
Journal  Anthrop.  Inst.,  ix.  153,  remarks : 
"  I  never  heard  of  libations  being  poured 
through  Cornish  holed  stones." 

Tolmens,  or  perforated  stones  for 
drawing  children  through,  and  adults  also,, 
in  order  to  cure  diseases,  occur  in  the 
East  Indies.  Two  brass  pins  were  carefully 
laid  across  each  other  on  the  top  edge  of 
such  a  stone  for  oracular  purposes  ('  Popular 
Antiquities,'  ii.  523).  Creeping  under  Tol- 
mens for  the  cure  of  diseases  is  still  practised 
in  Ireland  (Higgins's  'Druids,'  lix.).  Mrs.. 
Ellwood  ('Journey  to  the  East/  ii.  90) 
informs  us  that  near  a  fine  tank  on  Malabar 
Point  is  a  famous  hole  through  which 
penitents  squeezed  themselves  in  order  to 
attain  the  remission  of  their  sins.  The 
pirate  Angria  actually  landed  one  night, 
and  came  on  shore,  secretly  to  perform  this, 
superstitious  ceremony.  Sir  Arthur  Brooke 
('  Sketches,'  ii.  38)  found  them  in  Morocco. 
Gwilt,  in  the  '  Encyclopaedia  of  Architecture,' 
describes  the  Tolmen,  or  hole  of  stone,  as  a 
stone  of  considerable  magnitude,  so  disposed 
upon  rocks  as  to  leave  an  opening  between 
them,  through  which  an  object  could  be 
passed.  It  is  the  opinion  in  Cornwall  that 
invalids  were  cured  of  their  diseases  by  being 
passed  through  the  opening  above  men- 
tioned. 

TOM  JONES. 


464 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         in  s.  iv.  DEO.  9, 1911. 


ELEANOR  01  BRETAGNE.  (See  7  S.  iv. 
238.) — Among  the  many  lamented  corre- 
spondents of  '  N.  &  Q.'  who  have  passed 
away  is  one  who  in  former  years  enriched 
its  pages  under  the  sobriquet  of  "  Hermen- 
trude."  In  answer  to  queries  respecting  the 
above,  she  wrote  as  follows  :— 

"  In  1241  she  had  been  removed  to  Bristol,  where 
she  was  slowly  starved  to  death,  100?.  being  paid  to 
John  FitzGeoffrey,  Constable  of  Bristol  Castle,  on 
March  15,  '  ad  executioriem  Alienorse  corisanguinese 
Domini  Regis  facienda '  (Rot.  Exit.,  Michs.,  25-6 
Hen.  III.)." 

These  words  of  HERMENTRUDE'S  appear  in 
'  N.  &  Q.'  of  17  September,  1887. 

Having  always  found  the  writer  most 
dependable  and  painstaking,  I  assumed  the 
quotation  from  the  Issue  Rolls  to  be 
perfectly  correct.  In  my  work  on  the 
'  Royal  Daughters  of  England,'  vol.  i.  p.  95, 
I  wrote  : — 

"There  is  reason  to  suppose  she  was  slowly 
starved  to  death  or  otherwise  made  away  with,  as 
the  sum  of  one  hundred  pounds  was  paid  to  John 
FitzGeoffrey,  Constable  of  the  Castle,  on  15  March, 
1241,  ad  execationem  Alianorte  consaiu/uinece 
Domini  Reyis  facienda.  The  manner  of  her  death, 
as  far  as  I  am  aware,  has  never  yet  been  touched 
upon  by  historians." 

For  nearly  a  quarter  of  a  century  this 
grave  aspersion  on  the  character  of  Henry  III. 
has  never,  to  my  knowledge,  been  challenged. 

It  is  fortunate  indeed  that  the  Liberate 
Roll — wisely  consulted  by  Mr.  Hilary  Jenkin- 
son  (vide  his  letter  to  The  Athenccum,  2  Sep- 
tember, 1911) — has  cleared  Henry  III.  by 
giving  the  word  "  testamenti  "  after  "  execu- 
tionem,"  thereby  proving  FitzGeoffrey  to 
have  been  an  executor,  and  not  an  execu- 
tioner in  the  ordinary  sense  !  I  had  been 
entirely  misled  by  HERMENTRUDE'S  asser- 
tion, which  has  passed  current  for  twenty- 
four  years.  H.  MURRAY  LANE, 

Chester  Herald 

MRS.  CAUDLE'S  CURTAIN  LECTURES. — 
Any  of  your  readers  interested  in  super- 
cheries  litteraires  might  find  a  curious  in- 
stance of  involuntary  substitution  in  an 
old  number  of  the  Belfast  Northern  Whig. 
Mrs.  Caudle's  lectures  appeared,  by  arrange- 
ment, simultaneously  in  Punch  and  in  The 
Northern  Whig.  On  one  occasion  the  post 
broke  down  or  miscarried,  and  in  order  not 
to  disappoint  Irish  readers,  a  member  of  the 
proprietor's  family  furnished  The  Northern 
Whig  with  a  "  Curtain  lecture,"  of  which 
the  authenticity  was  ever  doubted.  It 
would  be  interesting  if,  by  a  collation  of  the 
files  of  the  newspaper  with  the  authorized 
version  of  Douglas  Jerrold's  text,  the  sub- 
stituted "  lecture  "  could  be  brought  to  light. 


The  writer  subsequently  became  the  wife  of 
the  editor  of  one  of  the  principal  London 
organs  of  the  Liberal  party,  and  for  many 
years  was  a  contributor  of  literary  articles 
to  The  Saturday  Review.  L.  G.  R. 

TIMOTHY  BRIGHT' s  '  TREATISE  ON  ENG- 
LISH MEDICINES.' — W.  J,  Carlton,  in  his 
'  Timothe  Bright,'  1911,  is  at  some  pains 
to  prove  that  the  '  Treatise  on  the  Suffi- 
ciency of  English  Medicines,'  by  T.  B.,  1580, 
was  written  by  Timothy  Bright,  and  not  by 
Thomas  Bedford,  as  stated  by  Watt.  The 
name  of  the  author  was  known  at  or  soon 
after  the  time  of  publication,  for  in  a  list 
of  the  books  of  Dr.  John  Hatcher  of  Cam- 
bridge, who  died  in  1587,  occurs  this  item  : 
"  Dr.  Bright' s  '  Treatise  on  English  Medi- 
cines.' '  W.  M.  PALMER,  M.D. 
Linton,  Cambs. 

VANISHING  LANDMARKS  or  LONDON. — 
To  the  long  list  of  effacements  from  our 
streets  must  now,  it  would  seem,  be  added 
"  The  Swiss  Cottage,"  at  the  corner  of 
Finchley  and  Upper  Avenue  Roads,  which 
is  earmarked  for  demolition.  This  pic- 
turesque old  tavern  has  contrived  to  retain 
an  almost  rural  appearance  amidst  the  many 
changes  of  a  progressive  neighbourhood. 
With  the  withdrawal  of  the  horse  omnibuses 
"The  Swiss  Cottage  "  has  lost  much  of  its 
characteristic  bustle  ;  for  its  yard  was 
always  made  lively  with  the  arrival  and 
departure  of  the  familiar  green  "  Atlases." 
The  site  has  been  acquired  for  building  pur- 
poses. Preserve  us  from  more  "  Flats  " 
or  "Mansions"!  CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 

NAVAL  EPITAPHS  IN  ST.  NICHOLAS'S,  DEPT- 
FORD.  —  In  this  church  several  mariners 
of  note  are  commemorated,  among  them 
Peter  Pett,  "  a  master  shipwright  in  the 
King  Yard,"  and  inventor  of  the  frigate,  who 
died  in  1652.  There  is  a  monument  to 
Capt.  Edward  Fenton,  who  accompanied  Sir 
Martin  Frobisher  in  his  second  and  third 
oyages,  and  afterwards  was  in  command  of 
an  expedition  for  the  discovery  of  the 
North-West  Passage.  Another  records  the 
exploits  of  Capt.  George  Shelvocke,  who  was 
3red  to  the  sea  service  under  Admiral 
Benbow,  and  who,  "  in  the  years  of  our 
Lord  1719-20-21-  and  22,  performed  a 
voyage  round  the  globe  of  the  world,  which 
most  wonderfully,  and  to  the  great  loss  of 
the  Spaniards,  compleated,  though  in  the 
nidst  of  it  he  had  the  misfortune  to  suffer 
shipwreck  upon  the  island  of  Juan  Fernandez, 
upon  the  coast  of  the  kingdom  of  Chili." 


n  s.  iv.  DEC.  9,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


465 


The  literary  associations  of  St.  Nicholas's, 
Deptford,  include  John  Evelyn,  the  diarist, 
wha  worshipped  here,  and  whose  two  sons 
rest  within  its  walls.  His  father-in-law, 
Sir  Richard  Browne,  the  owner  of  Sayes 
Court,  who  died  in  1683,  rests  in  the  church- 
yard, under  the  south-east  window.  The 
parish  register  records  the  death  of  Kit 
Marlowe,  the  dramatist,  who  was  killed  in 
Deptford  in  1593,  in  a  brawl  with  one 
Francis  Archer.  The  grave  cannot  be 
identified  ;  the  entry  in  the  register  runs  : 
"1st  June  1593  Christopher  Marlowe  slaine 
by  Francis  Archer." 

WILLIAM  MACARTHTJR. 

BOLEYN  FAMILY  IN  IRELAND  :  VARIOUS 
SPELLINGS.  (See  ante,  p.  6.) — For  a  further 
account  of  the  finding  of  the  Bullyn  tomb 
at  Clonoona  Castle,  King's  County,  see 
Burke' s  '  Anecdotes  of  the  Aristocracy,' 
2nd  ed.,  1849,  vol.  ii.  p.  242. 

In  MS.  F.  3,  23,  Trin.  Coll.  Library,  Dublin, 
it  is  stated  : — 

"  Dudley,  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Phillips,  m. 
Francesca,  dau.  of  Sir  Robert  Newcomen,  Bart., 
by  his  first  wife  '  Anna  Bullein,  proneptis  Eliz. 
Reg.  Angliae.'  " 

From  '  Burke's  Peerage  '  : — 

"  Sir  Alexander  Stewart,  2nd  Bart,  of  Fort 
Stewart,  m.  Catherine,  dau.  of  Sir  Robert  New- 
comen, Bart.,  by  his  wife  Anne  Boleyn.  She 
m.  secondly  Sir  Arthur  Forbes,  1st  Earl  of 
Granard,  and  d.  1714." 

From  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  Matricula- 
tion Registers  : — 
1682,  May  15.     Godfrey  Boleyn,  aged  16,  born  in 

co.  Meath,  son  of  Thomas  B. 
1684,  June  16.     Thomas  Bullen,  aged  24,  son  of 

Thomas  B.  of  Cheshire,  born  in  Cheshire, 

and  educated  at  Chester. 
1703/4.     Pullen  Whitney,  aged  17,  son  of  Thomas 

W.  of  co.  Meath. 
1719,  March   17.     Thomas  Bullen,   aged   18,  son 

of    Thomas    B.,    M.D.,    born    at    Nant- 

wight    (sic)    in    England,    educated    at 

Dublin. 
1723,   Oct.  2.     Richard  Bullen,  aged  18,  son  of 

Edward  B.,  gent.,  born  near  Kingsale. 
1751,  July  10.     George  Boleign  Whitney,  aged  15, 

son  of  Boleign  W. 

From  Fifteenth  Report  of  Commissioners 
on  the  Public  Records  of  Ireland  : — 
1667,  July  17.     John  Bolan  (or  Bolane),  grantee 

of  329  a.  2  r.   16  p.  in  lands  of  Fennor, 

co.  Meath. 

From  documents  in  Public  Record  Office, 
Dublin  :— 

Prerog.  Grant  of  Admon.,  8  Sept.,  1694,  to 
Mary  Boleyne,  widow  and  admix,  of  Godfrey  B. 
of  Fennor,  co.  Meath,  gent.,  deceased,  intestate. 
Jane  B.  and  Patience  B.  minors,  daughters  of 
said  deceased. 

Prerog.  Marriage  Licence,  26  Nov.,  1695. 
John  Leigh  of  Rathkenny,  co.  Meath,  about  to 


marry  Mary  Boleyne  of  St.  Peter's,  Drogheda, 
widow. 

Prerog.  Marriage  Licence,  20  Dec.,  1669. 
Thomas  Whitney  of  Mullingar,  co.  Westmeath, 
gent.,  about  to  marry  Maria  Bulleyne  of  Drogheda, 
spinster. 

Prerog.  Will  dated  8  Jan.,  1702/3,  proved 
8  June,  1703,  of  Jane  Boleyn  of  Drogheda,  widow. 
Mentions  her  Whitney,  Fox,  and  West  grand- 
children. 

From  *  Burke's  Peerage  '  (sub  '  Wicklow  ') : 
"  Rt.  Rev.  Robert  HoWard,  Lord  Bishop  of 
Elphin,  b.  1683,  m.  in  1724  Patience,  dau.  and 
sole  heir  of  Godfrey  Boleyne,  of  Fennor,  by  Mary 
his  wife,  sister  of  the  Rt.  Hon.  Henry  Singleton, 
Lord  Chief  Justice  of  the  Common  Pleas,  and 
had,  With  other  issue,  Ralph,  1st  Viscount 
WickloW." 

ERSKINE  E.  WEST. 
Cowper  Gardens,  Dublin. 

SUNDAY  SCHOOLS  IN  1789. — Kentish  Gazette, 
Feb.,  1789:  "The  Corporation  voted  five 
guineas  to  John  Lott  Eaton,  Esq.,  for  the 
use  of  the  Sunday  School." — Letter  from 
Hythe  in  Kent,  4  Feb.,  1789. 

R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

"  WRITES  ME  "  :  "  STAND  IT." — Some 
years  ago  I  ventured  to  pillory  (7  S.  ix.  305), 
under  my  old  pen-name  J.  B.  S.,  and  with 
much  subsequent  approbation,  the  too 
general  use  of  "  He  don't  "  as  an  ungram- 
matical  substitute  for  "  He  doesn't."  Let 
me  now  be  bold  enough  to  tilt  against  the 
two  equally  objectionable  misuses  of  English 
which  head  this  note.  The  first  has  obtained 
such  wide  currency,  alike  in  books,  news- 
papers, and  correspondence,  that  it  is  almost 
hopeless  to  recall  it.  But  it  is  never  too 
late  to  make  a  bold  stand  against  it.  That 
irresponsible  penny-a-liners  and  private 
letter- writers  use  "  he  writes  me "  with 
wearisome  iteration,  instead  of  "he  writes 
to  me,"  is  no  absolution  for  authors  of 
repute  or  the  makers  of  books  generally. 
Yet  many  such  seem  to  use  it.  A  recent 
instance  occurs  in  '  Chats  on  Autographs,' 
by  Mr.  A.  M.  Broadley,  p.  293  :  "  Of  Napo- 
leon I.  as  a  scribe  my  friend  Dr.  J.  Holland 
Rose  writes  me  as  follows."  "  Writes  me  " 
what  ?  Presumably  a  letter,  but  grammar 
exacts  either  the  addition  of  that  noun  or 
the  interposition  of  "  to." 

Then  as  to  "  stand  it  " — another  growing 
linguistic  impurity.  This,  too,  is  spoken 
and  written  in  varying  forms  with  impunity : 
"  stand  it  "  and  "  stood  it  "  for  "  put  it 
standing."  Mr.  Harold  Begbie  furnishes  a 
glaring  example  of  "  how  not  to  do  it  " 
in  his  '  Broken  Earthenware,'  p.  18  : — 

"  We  think  that  a  tramp  may  be  lifted  from  the 
gutters,  stood  upon  his  feet,  put  to  some  task,  and 
made  a  citizen." 


46G 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  9, 1911. 


"  May  be  stood  upon  his  feet "  !  Proh  dolor  ! 
Time  was  when  I  inclined  to  the  belief  that 
this  ugly  violation  was — like  "  there  he 
was  sat  " — ^indigenous  to  the  soil  of  Lanca- 
shire, but  I  have  since  learnt  that  it  has  a 
more  extended  growth.  May  it  soon  be 
rootod  and  routed  from  the  garden  of 
English  literature  !  Let  us  "  stand  it  "  no 
longer.  J.  B.  McGovERN. 

St.  Stephen's  Rectory,  C.-on-M.,  Manchester. 

[The  present  standard  of  English  is,  indeed, 
deplorable.  But  as  the  offenders  are  incorrigible, 
we  have  usually  found  it  waste  of  time  to  protest. 
We  hope  that  some  general  improvement  may  take 
place  in  writing,  grammar,  and  style,  which  will 
force  authors  to  write  better  if  they  are  to  be  read.] 

OXEN:  THEIB  NAMES. — As  a  supplement  to 
the  lists  of  '  Horses'  Names,'  US.  ii.  124,  283, 
364,  it  is  desirable  to  add  that  in  '  La  Douce 
Prance,'  by  Rene  Bazin,  1911,  there  is  a 
chapter  on  '  Le  Nom  des  Boeufs  de  France,' 
pp.  210-14,  which  is  full  of  interesting  folk- 
matters.  W.  C.  B. 

HALLEY'S  PEDIGREE.  (See  10  S.  vii. 
263  ;  11  S.  ii.  44.)— Since  the  preparation  of 
data  given  at  the  references  cited,  and  in 
addition  to  other  facts  presented  in  The 
Genealogist,  New  Series,  for  July,  1908, 
an  interesting  collection  of  entries  extracted 
from  the  parish  registers  of  Youlgreave, 
Derbyshire,  has  been  received  from  Mr. 
Arthur  Carrington  of  the  Downes,  Bideford, 
N.  Devon  (under  date  of  18  July,  1910). 
The  earlier  baptismal  entries  follow  : — 

1557,  Oct.  10.     Humphrey  Hallye,  son  of  Hum- 
phrey.    (This     is     the     earliest     entry     in 
register.) 

1558,  Sept.  20.     Elenor    Hallye,    dau.    of    John 
Hallye. 

1562,  Jan.  10.     George  Hally,  son  of  Hurnphrav 
Hallye. 

1564,  Feb.    25.     Rychard    Hawly,    son   of   John 
Hawly. 

1565,  Sept.  15.     Alice    Hawly,    dau.    of    Wyllm 
Hawlye. 

1566,  Sept.  15.     "  Alyce  Hallye." 

1567,  Apl.    14.     Rychard   Hallye,   son   of   Hum- 
phray  Hallye. 

1569,  Nov.  10.     ffrancys  hally,  son  of  Humphray 

hallye. 

1572,  Nov.  1.  Robt.  Halley,  son  of  Wyllm  hawly. 
1574,  Dec.  12.  ffrancys  hally  son  of  Michaell 

hawly. 

If  it  could  be  demonstrated  that  the 
famous  astronomer's  paternal  grandfather, 
Humphrey  Halley,  vintner  of  London,  was 
a  son  of  the  "ffrancys  hally"  baptized 
10  Nov.,  1569,  as  has  been  suggested,  the 
claim  of  Derbyshire  to  the  origin  of  the 
family  would  be  quite  fairly  established. 
A  further  search  must  be  made  through 
Chancery  proceedings,  Public  Record  Office, 


&c.,  but  some  facts  already  gleaned  by  Mr. 
R.  J.  Beevor  seem  to  lend  a  little  colour 
to  the  above  hypothesis. 

EUGENE  F.  McPiKE. 
135,  Park  Row,  Chicago. 

FOREIGN  JOURNALS  IN  THE  UNITED 
STATES. — The  following  table,  compiled  by 
Mr.  John  Cotton  Dana  of  the  Public 
Library,  Newark,  New  Jersey,  of  the  journals 
in  foreign  languages  published  in  the  United 
States  in  1910,  was  printed  in  The  Evening 
Post  (New  York)  on  3  March  last.  It  is  not 
only  of  interest  in  itself,  but  also  of  value  as 
suggesting  the  compilation  of  similar  sta- 
tistics for  the  United  Kingdom  : — 


Languages 

Arabic 

, 

Armenian 

. 

Bohemian 

. 

Bulgarian 

. 

Chinese 

, 

Croatian 

, 

Danish 

. 

Finnish 

. 

French 

. 

German 

, 

Greek  .  . 

t 

Hebrew 

. 

Hollandish 

Hungarian 

Italian 

Japanese 

Lithuanian 

Norwegian- 

Danish 

Polish 

, 

Portuguese 

. 

Rumanian 

. 

Russian 

Ruthenian 

Servian 

, 

Slovak 

, 

Slovenian 

Spanish 

Swedish 

, 

Welsh 

, 

No.  of  pubs. 

Circulation 

3 

— 

5 

6,000 

52 

369,000 

1 

4,000 

6 

10,000 

8 



8 

50,000 

15 

62,000 

34 

1,600,000 

632 



8 

32,000 

21 

300,000 

21 

79,000 

13 

56,000 

73 

283,000 

9 

20,000 

11 

32,000 

60 

415,000 

51 

210,000 

8 

17,000 

2 



4 

23,000 

1 

11,000 

1 

— 

16 

98,000 

7 

30,000 

55 

161,000 

71 

900,000 

2 

13,000 

The  German  figure  is  so  disproportionate, 
and  the  information  so  incomplete,  that  on 
that  head  there  seems  some  error. 

ALFRED  F.  ROBBINS. 

DE  QUINCEY'S  'OPIUM-EATER,'  1853. — It 
has  not,  I  think,  been  noticed  that  there 
are  two  distinct  issues  of  the  1853  edition 
of  the  '  Confessions.'  One  title-page  reads  : 

"  Confessions  |  of  an  |  English  Opium-Eater.  |  To 
weep  afresh  a  long  since  cancelled  woe,  |  And  moan 
the  expense  of  many  a  vanish'd  sight.  |  Shake- 
speare's Sonnets.  |  New  Edition.  |  London  :  |  Pub- 
lished for  the  Proprietor  by  |  Simpkin,  Marshall, 
and  Co.  Stationers'  Hall  Court  |  1853."  8vo,  pp.  iv, 
176. 

The  name  of  the  printers,  Bradbury  & 
Evans,  occurs  behind  the  title  and  on  the 
last  page.  The  other  issue  differs  only  in 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  9,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


467 


the  statement  on  the  title-page  that  it  was 
*'  published  for  the  proprietor  by  John  James 
"Tallant,  21,  Warwick  Square,  Paternoster 
Row."  This  variation  in  the  publishers, 
from  whatever  cause  arising,  is  curious. 

WILLIAM  E.  A.  AXON. 
Manchester. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
;n  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


<3UEEN  MARY'S  ARMORIAL  BEARINGS 
AT    THE    CORONATION. 

As  a  student  of  heraldry  I  have  been 
much  interested  in  the  different  descriptions 
and  illustrations  of  what  Queen  Mary's 
arms  really  are.  I  understand  that  Her 
Majesty,  when  Princess  of  Wales,  had 
.granted  to  her — as  arms — those  of  her  mother 
the  Duchess  of  Teck,  quarterly  with  those 
of  her  father  the  Duke  of  Teck.  And  these, 
-of  course,  are :  1st  and  4th  (for  Cam- 
bridge), the  royal  arms  as  borne  by 
George  III.,  differenced  by  a  label  of  three 
points  argent,  the  centre  point  charged  with 
the  St.  George's  Cross,  and  each  of  the  other 
points  with  two  hearts  in  pale  gules. 
2nd  and  3rd  (for  Teck),  Or,  three  stags' 
attires  fesseways  in  pale,  the  points  of  each 
attire  to  the  sinister  sable,  impaling  Or, 
three  lions  passant  in  pale  sable,  langued 
gules,  the  dexter  forepaws  of  the  last  ;  over 
all  an  inescutcheon  paly  bendy  and  sinister 
sable  and  or.  Supporters  :  on  the  dexter 
a  lion  guardant  or,  crowned  with  the  royal 
crown  proper  ;  on  the  sinister  a  stag  proper. 
The  whole  shield  ensigned  with  the  royal 
crown.  When  the  Queen  was  made  a  Lady 
of  the  Noble  Order  of  the  Garter,  the  shield 
would  be  placed  within  the  garter.  Sub- 
sequently Her  Majesty  was  granted  the 
additional  impalement  of  the  King's  arms 
on  the  dexter. 

In  The  Times  for  3  November,  1910,  an 
account  is  given  of  "  the  Queen's  Flag," 
prepared  at  the  College  of  Arms  and 
approved  by  the  King — the  description  of 
which  agrees  with  that  of  the  arms. 

A  correct  illustration  of  the  Queen's 
arms  figures  in  Burke' s  '  Peerage,'  &c. 
(1911).  But  in  Debrett's  'Peerage,'  &c. 
(1911)  the  Queen's  arms  are  incorrectly 
shown,  inasmuch  as  there  is  omitted  there- 
from the  inescutcheon  gules  charged  with 


the  golden  crown  of  Charlemagne,  which 
the  escutcheon  of  Hanover  should  bear 
surtout.  Further,  the  Royal  crown  which 
was  borne  over  the  Hanover  escutcheon  is 
also  omitted.  The  illustration  of  the 
Queen's  Royal  Standard  (or  Banner)  in 
The  Queen  for  24  June,  1911,'  and  the 
Queen's  Royal  Garter  Banner  depicted  in 
'  Black  and  White  Coronation  Souvenir ' 
(June,  1911) — together  with  representations 
of  the  Queen's  arms  on  illustrated  advertise- 
ments— follow  the  bad  example  set  by 
Debrett.  In  the  special  Coronation  number 
of  The  Sphere  a  correct  Royal  Standard  of 
George  III.  (from  1816)  is  shown.  But, 
strange  to  say,  the  arms  figuring  on  the 
Queen's  Throne  and  Chair  of  Estate  used 
at  the  Coronation  (as  illustrated  in  different 
Coronation  numbers  that  have  appeared) 
are — except  for  the  helmet,  crest,  and 
lambrequin — replicas  of  the  King's  arms  on 
His  Majesty's  Throne  and  Chair  of  Estate. 
Even  the  motto  "  Dieu  et  mon  Droit " 
appears  in  both  cases.  It  is  the  same  on 
Her  Majesty's  Throne  in  the  House  of  Lords. 
I  noticed  that  such  was  also  the  practice 
adopted  at  the  Coronation  of  Queen  Alex- 
andra, and  have  expected  to  see  the  question 
raised.  So  I  now  ask,  Why  are  these 
anomalies  allowed  to  persist  ? 

E.  WILSON  DOBBS. 
Toorak,  Victoria. 


DONNY  FAMILY. — Information  is  sought 
of  the  genealogy,  armorial  bearings,  &c., 
of  the  Donny  family.  The  family  of  this 
name  in  Belgium,  of  which  General  Baron 
Donny  is  the  head,  is  descended  from  a 
Donny  who  settled  in  Bruges  circa  1700, 
coming  from  Scotland.  According  to  family 
tradition,  he  was  of  Irish  extraction.  It  is 
thought  he  was  a  Jacobite.  He  was  twice 
married.  Both  of  his  wives  were  members 
of  the  Catholic  nobility  of  Belgium.  It  is 
presumed  he  was  a  Catholic  when  he  came 
to  Belgium,  as  in  Belgian  records  no  trace 
is  found  of  his  recantation.  Search  for  the 
family  in  Ulster's  office  w-as  fruitless.  The 
name"  does  not  appear  in  the  Prerogative 
Wills.  Does  it  appear  in  any  army  list  or 
State  paper  of  the  Stuart  period  ?  It  has 
been  suggested  that  the  family  is  a  branch 
of  the  Robertsons  of  the  Clan  Donachaidh. 
Are  the  Robertsons  descended  from  the 
Lords  of  the  Isles  ?  I  have  seen  a  statement 
to  this  effect,  "  according  to  Smibert  and 
Douglas's  '  Baronage.'  '  Will  some  one 
verify  this  reference?  I  regret  I  cannot 
indicate  it  less  vaguely.  The  Donny  family 


468 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         m  s.  iv.  DEC.  9, 1911. 


of  Belgium  will  be  grateful  for  any  informa- 
tion relating  to  those  of  its  name  in  Scotland 
or  Ireland. 

JOHN  DE  COURCY  MAC  DONNELL, 
Chairman  of  Union  Celtique, 

Brussels. 

EUGENE  ARAM. — I  am  preparing  a 
monograph  on  the  above,  and  have  consulted 
all  the  authorities  on  the  subject  at  any 
time  mentioned  in  '  N.  &  Q.,'  except  (1)  the 
MSS.  of  the  inquests  referred  to  at  11  S. 
ii.  105,  and  (2)  the  phrenological  observa- 
tiDns  on  Eugene  Aram's  skull  referred  to  at 
6  S.  xi.  131.  These  are  not  in  the  B.M. 
Catalogue,  though  the  Museum  is  trying  to 
get  a  copy.  Did  Spurzheim,  who  also  ex- 
amined the  skull,  write  any  report  on  it  ? 
No  printed  account  I  have  seen  gives  the 
verdict  at  either  inquest.  The  G.M.,  1759, 
and  the  1832  Richmond  edition  comment 
on  this.  No  doubt  the  purchaser  of  lot  120 
at  Sotheby's  sale  could  enlighten  us. 

Do  any  contemporary  newspapers  of 
1759,  over  and  above  the  following,  refer 
to  A  ram:  Universal  Chronicle,  Gazetteer  and 
London  Daily  Advertiser,  London  Evening 
Post,  Whitehall  Evening  Post,  The  Public 
Advertiser,  The  London  Chronicle,  and  Read's 
Weekly  Journal?  I  found  nothing  in  the 
last,  though  it  gave  other  circuit  news. 

As  a  barrister  and  LL.B.  I  can,  of 
course,  fully  deal  with  all  legal  and 
medico-legal  aspects  of  the  ca.se,  and  hope 
to  shed  much  new  light  on  it.  Does  any 
one  know  where  the  family  of  Theakston 
(the  coroner  mentioned  at  11  S.  ii.  105) 
reside  ?  I  should  like  to  get  in  touch  with 
them. 

Direct  replies  will  greatly  oblige.  I  am 
aware  that  Eugene  Aram's  cranium  is 
now  in  the  R.C.S.  Museum,  next  Thurtell's. 
I  should  be  glad  to  hear  of  a  copy  of  the 
Inglis  pamphlet.  ERIC  R.  WATSON. 

45,  Charlwood  Street,  S,W. 

JAMES  AUGUSTUS  ST.  JOHN  was  born  in 
Carmarthenshire  in  1801,  and  died  in  1875. 
He  was  a  journalist  and  miscellaneous  author 
of  repute,  connected  also  with  the  foundation 
of  the  paper  from  which  the  present  Court 
Journal  sprang.  I  am  engaged  in  writing 
his  biography,  and  shall  be  exceedingly 
obliged  for  any  personal  details.  Please 
reply  direct.  H.  ROY  DE  LA  HACHE. 

24,  Kenilworth  Avenue,  Wimbledon  Park,  S.W. 

THE  RATING  OF  CLERGY  TO  FIND  ARMOUR. 
— Some  time  about  the  middle  of  the  six- 
teenth century  the  clergy  were  first  ordered  to 
provide  armour  and  weapons  for  the  militia, 


but  I  cannot  find  the  exact  date.  There  are 
several  references  to  the  matter  in  '  The  Life 
of  Parker '  and  '  The  Parker  Correspond- 
ence '  under  the  year  1568,  when  it  seems  to 
have  been  an  innovation.  The  first  assess- 
ment found  for  the  diocese  of  Ely  is  dated 
1570,  and  the  last  is  dated  1636.  These 
lists  begin  with  the  bishop  and  end  with  the 
poorest  parish  priest,  giving  the  particular 
portion  of  a  soldier's  accoutrement  which 
each  was  to  find.  Information  is  desired  as 
to  the  origin  of  the  usage,  .and  when  it  was 
discontinued.  W.  M.  PALMER,  M.D. 

Linton,  Cambs. 

'  THE  CONVICT  SHIP.' — Verses  under  this 
heading,  beginning, 

Morn  on  the  waters  !  and  purple  and  bright 

Bursts  on  the  billows  the  flushing  of  light. 

O'er  the  glad  waves,  like  a  child  of  the  sun, 

See  the  tall  vessel  goes  gallantly  on  ! 
were   foiind   recently   in   the   papers   of    an 
Oxford  scholar.     Are  they  known  ?    and,  if 
so,  who  wrote  them  ?  HIPPOCLIDES. 

EARLY  ENGLISH  BOOKBINDINGS. — I  am 
engaged  in  putting  together  some  notes  on 
this  subject,  and  should  be  very  glad  to  have 
particulars  of  any  well-authenticated  ex- 
amples of  English  stamped  leather  binding 
dating  from,  say,  1200  to  1450.  The  loan 
of  any  photographs  or  rubbings,  for  repro- 
duction, would  also  be  welcome. 

R.  BURCH. 

79A,  Woodbridge  Road,  Guildford. 

FELICIA  HEMANS,  who  by  many  is 
thought  to  have  been  the  greatest  of  our 
English  female  poets,  died  on  16  May,  but 
in  what  year  we  have  not  ascertained.  She 
was  buried  in  Dublin,  but  we  are  not  aware 
that  any  worthy  monument  was  erected  to 
her  memory.  Can  these  things  be  inter- 
preted to  us,  and  our  minds  directed  to  a 
competent  biography  ?  N.  M.  &  A. 

[The  'D.N.B.'  states  that  Mrs.  Hemans  died 
in  1835.  The  bibliography  appended  mentions 
memoirs  by  her  sister  and  Mr.  W.  M.  Rossetti, 
besides  H.  F.  Chorley's  'Memorials  of  Mrs. 
Hemans,'  1836,  2  vols.] 

BEAUCLERK  FAMILY. — Topham  Beauclerk, 
only  son  of  Lord  Sidney  Beauclerk  (St. 
Albans),  was  born  December,  1739.  Where 
was  he  baptized  ?  Where  was  his  daughter, 
Lady  Mary  Beauclerk,  baptized  ?  She 
was  born  probably  1766-70,  and  married 
Count  Francis  Jenison  in  1797.  Is  anything 
known  about  Count  Jenison' s  first  wife, 
Charlotte  Josephine,  daughter  of  Baron 
Cornet  ?  She  was  divorced  between  1788 
and  1796.  Particulars  wanted. 

LEO  C. 


ii  B.  iv.  DEC.  9,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


469 


LONDON  RECTORS'  CONFEDERATION.  (See 
11  S.  i.  268.) — May  I  venture  to  point  out 
that  I  am  still  without  any  reply  to  this 
query,  notwithstanding  the  fact  that  one 
could  readily  be  furnished  by  any  one 
enjoying  access  to  the  University  Library  at 
Cambridge  ?  A  letter  which  I  addressed  to 
Mr.  George  Unwin  himself  in  regard  to  the 
matter  some  little  time  ago,  at  the  address 
of  his  publishers,  was  returned  to  me  by 
the  postal  authorities. 

WILLIAM  MCMURRAY. 
St.  Anne  and  St.  Agnes,  Gresham  Street,  E.C. 

EDWARD  FITZGERALD  AND  'N.  &  Q.'  — 
Was  the  translator  of  the  '  Rubaiyat '  ever 
a  contributor  to  '  N".  &  Q.'  ?  If  so,  references 
please.  I  am  led  to  insert  this  query  by 
reason  of  a  passage  in  a  letter  of  his  to  the 
editor  of  The  East  Anglian,  quoted  by  Mr. 
J.  Glyde  in  his  '  Life  of  Edward  FitzGerald,' 
p.  131  :— 

"Even  Notes  and  Queries,  with  all  the  scholars 
that  Bruce  so  long  has  led,  sometimes  smile,  some- 
times doze,  and  usually  gossip  about  what  is  the 
fashion  to  call  Folklore  at  Christmas." 

J.  B.  McGovERN. 

St.  Stephen's  Rectory,  C.-on-M.,  Manchester. 

"  DILLISK  "  AND  "  SLOOK." — In  Soyer's 
'  Charitable  Cookery  '  (1847)  I  find  references 
to  "  dillisk  "  as  an  ingredient  in  soups,  &c. 
He  refers  to  it  in  a  foot-note  on  p.  33  as 
"  Porpliyra  purpura — if  not  to  be  had,  use 
laver,  or  slook,  the  Ulva  lactuca"  Both 
"  dillisk  "  and  "  slook  "  are  unknown  to 
me,  although  from  Soyer's  mention  of  them 
in  connexion  with  laver,  I  gather  they  must 
be  marine  edible  vegetables — probably  some 
sort  of  seaweed — but  the  dictionaries  do  not 
help  me.  FRANK  SCHLOESSER. 

"PE..TT."—  In  1563  the  churchwardens 
of  Dymmocke,  Forest  of  Dean,  presented 
John  Davies  for  *'  resettinge  [harbouringe]  " 
of  John  Halle  and  his  "  pe.  .tt." 

Can  any  reader  suggest  the  missing  letter  ? 

F.    S.    HOCKADAY. 
Highbury,  Lydney. 

WILLIAM  MEADOWS. — Information  is  de- 
sired that  will  assist  in  tracing  the  parentage 
of  William  Meadows,  who  died  at  Welling- 
borough,  19  Nov.,  1811,  aged  80  years. 
William  Meadows  married — (1)  Elizabeth 
Bates,  at  Broxbourne,  Herts,  14  Sept.,  1760  ; 
(2)  Elizabeth  Houghton,  at  St.  John's,  West- 
minster, 15  May,  1775. 

Please  reply  direct. 

HENRY  MEADOWS. 

56,  Gracechurch  Street,  E.C. 


AUTHORS  or  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — Who 
is  the  author  of  the  following  lines  ? — 

1.  Like  flowers  in  mines,  that  never  see  the  sun, 
But  know  he's  there,  and  wonder  what  he  is 
And    ...     to  get  at  him. 

I  cannot  remember  the  last  line  accurately. 

2.  Such  thoughts 

.     .     .     the  past  bestows  on  us, 
Like  showers  along  the  dusty  road  of  life, 
Or  welcome  sunbeams  on  some  bleak  gray  morn, 
Cheering  the  soul  in  her  long  pilgrimage. 

T.  W.  W. 

THE    SUN    AS    THE    MANGER. — Can  any 

reader    help    me    towards    astrological  and 

astronomical     literature     bearing     on  the 
following  ? — 

"  At  certain  seasons  the  Sun  stands  between  the 
constellations  Taurus  and  Ursa  Major ;  this  latter 
constellation  is  then  called  the  Ass.  The  Sun  is 
then  known  as  the  Manger." 

W.  HOSKYNS  ABRAHALL. 

Tunbridge  Wells. 

LATTER  LAMMAS. — What  is  the  origin  and 
exact  meaning  of  this  ?  Sometimes  I  have 
heard  it  explained  as  the  equivalent  of 
'  Greek  Calends  "  ;  but  I  have  also  heard 
that  in  Wiltshire  it  is  used  colloquially  for 
coming  late  to  a  meeting.  A.  A.  M. 

"  AMERICA  "  AS  A  SCOTTISH  PLACE-NAME. 
— What  is  the  origin  of  "  America  "  as  a 
Scottish  place-name  ?  A  stretch  of  waste 
land  in  East  Fife,  now  used  as  a  golf-course, 
is  so  called  ;  and  on  the  outskirts  of  Dundee 
there  is  an  "  Americanium  Road."  Some 
etymologists  believe  the  word  to  be  a  corrup- 
tion from  the  name  of  an  old  Scottish  king 
or  man  of  note.  W.  B. 

TURPIN  JELFE  was  admitted  to  West- 
minster School  in  1724,  aged  9.  Particulars 
of  his  parentage  and  career  are  desired. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

STEPHEN  JERMYN  was  at  Westminster 
School  in  1728.  I  should  be  glad  to  obtain 
nformation  concerning  his  parentage  and 
career,  and  also  the  date  of  his  death. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

WILLIAM  JESSON  was  admitted  to  West- 
minster School  in  1741,  aged  10.     He  was 
robably    one   of  the   Warwickshire  family 
)f  that  name.      Can  any  correspondent  of 
N.  &  Q.'  help  me  to  identify  him  ? 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

WARREN  JUSON  was  admitted  to  West- 
minster School  in  1718,  aged  12.  Particulars 
•f  his  parentage  and  career  are  desired. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 


470 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [11  s.  iv.  DEC.  9, 1911. 


JOCKEY  DOCTORS. — Charles  II.,  when  at 
Newmarket  races,  is  said  to  have  amused 
himself  by  dubbing  people  "  M.D."  indis- 
criminately, the  holders  of  these  bogus 
titles  being  known  as  "  Jockey  Doctors." 
Can  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  kindly  furnish 
authority  for  this  rumour  ?  M.D. 

WILSON  :  CERTIFICATES  OF  BAPTISM 
WANTED. — Can  any  one  give  information  as 
to  where  Priscilla  Putterill  and  Samuel 
Wilson  were  married  ?  It  is  believed  to  have 
been  at  Northampton,  but  may  have  been 
in  one  of  the  surrounding  hamlets. 

Also,  could  any  one  give  information  as  to 
the  certificate  of  baptism  of  John  Wilson, 
born  26  Oct.,  1832,  in  Bedfordshire  or 
Northamptonshire  ;  and  the  certificate  of 
baptism  of  Samuel  Wilson,  born  at  Ampthill 
or  in  the  neighbourhood  between  July  and 
December,  1793-1800  ? 

Please  reply  direct.          JAMES  WILSON. 
68,  Beaconsfield  Road,  Lower  Edmonton. 

ANGLO-  SAXON  OBSOLETE  WORDS.  —  Is 
there  any  list  of  obsolete  Anglo-Saxon  words  ? 
If  so,  I  should  be  glad  if  you  could  give  me 
particulars  of  the  list  or  book.  ANTRIM. 

[Does  our  correspondent  "want  more  than  the 
ordinary  Anglo-Saxon  dictionary  ?] 

MARGARET  ANNE  JEFFRAY. — This  lady 
was  the  daughter  of  Dr.  James  Jeffray, 
Professor  of  Anatomy  in  the  University  of 
Glasgow,  by  his  wife  Mary  Brisbane,  the 
daughter  of  Walter  Brisbane  and  Margaret 
Paterson,  his  wife.  Her  mother,  Mrs. 
Jeffray,  died  before  1807,  and  her  grand- 
mother, Mrs.  Brisbane,  died  in  1808.  In 
Robertson's  edition  of  Crawfurd's  '  Renfrew- 
shire '  (p.  394),  published  in  1818,  it  says  : — 

"  The  said  Margaret  Anne  Jeffray  of  Milton 
[parish  of  Carluke,  Lanarkshire],  as  heiress  of 
these  two  ladies,  her  grandmother  and  grand- 
aunt  (Anne  Paterson),  now  inherits  the  estates  of 
the  family  of  Paterson  of  Craigton." 

Can  any  one  tell  me  if  the  above  Mar- 
garet Anne  Jeffray  married  and'  left  descen- 
dants ?  I  should  be  grateful  for  any  infor- 
mation regarding  her  or  her  descendants. 

E.  HAVILAND  HILLMAN,  F.S.G. 
c/o  Anglo-South  American  Bank,  Ltd., 
Old  Broad  Street,  E.G. 

LACKINGTON  THE  BOOKSELLER'S  MEDALS. 
— Did  Lackington  issue  more  than  one 
medal  ?  I  have  one,  which  is  rather  larger 
than  half-a-crown,  and  am  told  that  he 
issued  a  smaller  one.  These  medals  were 
to  "his  self -glory,"  and  cost  him  more 
than  a  hundred  pounds,  and  he  gave  the 
whole  issue  away.  THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 


PRIME  SERJEANT. — This  was  in  the  eigh- 
teenth century,  and  later,  the  title  of  an 
official  in  Ireland.  What  were  his  duties 
and  status  ?  Is  the  office  mentioned  in 
books  or  records  earlier  than  the  eighteenth 
century  ?  Is  it  still  in  existence  ;  and,  if 
not,  when  was  it  abolished  ? 

'  The  Century  Dictionary '  says  that 
"  Prime  or  premier  Serjeant  "  is,  in  England, 
"  the  queen's  (or  the  king's)  first  xserjeant- 
at-law."  I  have  so  far  failed  to  discover 
evidence  that  the  title  ever  existed  in  Eng- 
land, and  I  have  not  found  any  trace  of 
the  form  "  premier  Serjeant."  I  should  be 
glad  to  know  what  is  the  foundation  for  the 
statement  of  '  The  Century  Dictionary.' 

HENRY  BRADLEY. 
Oxford. 


EDWARD     PURCELL. 

(11  S.  iv.  368.) 

THE  name  of  Edward  Purcell  first 
appears  in  the  Registers  of  Westminster 
Abbey,  where  his  entry  of  baptism  occurs 
under  date  6  Sept.,  1689,  "  Edward,  son  of 
Henry  and  Frances  Purcell  "  (Chester's 
'  Registers  of  Westminster  Abbey,'  p.  74). 
The  Purcell  family  lived  on  the  west  side 
of  Dean's  Yard,  Westminster  (identified  by 
Edward  F.  Rimbault  in  1872  as  being 
"  on  the  site  of  a  house  now  occupied  by 
the  Precentor"),  and  here,  on  21  Nov., 
1695,  Henry  Purcell  died  (Chester's  '  Regis- 
ters,' p.  238),  and  his  widow  Frances  was 
left  sole  executrix  (see  Henry  Purcell' s  will 
in  W.  H.  Cummings's  '  Life,'  pp.  78-9). 
Edward  Purcell  was  only  six  years  old  at 
the  time  of  his  father's  death.  His  mother 
continued  to  reside  in  Great  Dean's  Yard 
with  Edward  and  Frances,  the  two  surviving 
children,  and  from  here  in  1696  she  issued 
'  A  Choice  Collection  of  Lessons  for  the 
Harpsichord,  or  Spinnet-  Composed  by  ye 
late  Mr.  Henry  Pnrcell,  Organist  of  his 
Majesties  Chappel  Royal  &  of  St.  Peters, 
Westminster.'  Three  editions  of  this  book 
were  sold  at  once,  and  in  1697  and  1698 
further  volumes  of  music  appeared,  viz., 
'  Ayres  '  and  '  Collections  '  by  "  the  late 
Henry  Purcell."  Edward  Purcell' s  home 
was,  after  1698,  moved  to  Richmond, 
Surrey,  where  his  mother  died  in  February, 
1706,  having  previously  made  a  nuncupative 
will,  7  Feb.,  1705/6,  "  as  she  sat  in  a  chair 
in  the  parlour  of  her  dwelling-house  at 
Richmond,  co.  Surrey."  She  appointed  Mr. 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  9,  mi.]          NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


471 


Thomas  Tovey  her  executor  until  her 
daughter  Frances  Purcell  should  reach  the 
age  of  eighteen,  when  she  was  to  be  exe- 
cutrix. The  will  stated  that,  according  to 
her  husband's  desire,  she  had  given  her 
"  deare  son  [Edward]  a  good  education,  and  she 
alsoe  did  give  him  all  the  Bookes  of  musick  in 
Generall,  the  organ,  the  double  spinett,  the  single 
spinett,  a  silver  tankard,  a  silver  watch,  two 
pairs  of  gold  buttons,  a  hair  ring,  a  mourning 
ring  of  Dr.  Busby's,  a  Larum  clock,  Mr.  Edward 
Purcell's  picture  [This  Edward  was  the  great 
Henry  Purcell's  brother,  b.  1653,  d.  20  June, 
1717,  buried  Wytham,  where  his  deeds  are 
recorded  at  length  on  a  stone.  This  Wytham 
— spelled  wrongly  as  "  Wightham  "  by  Rimbault 
— is  in  N.  Berkshire  and  near  Oxford.]",  handsome 
furniture  for  a  room," 

and  he  was  to  be  "  maintained  until  pro- 
vided for."  Mrs.  Purcell  was  buried  in 
Westminster  Abbey,  14  Feb.,  1706  :  "  The 
widow  of  Mr.  Henry  Purcell  in  the  middle 
of  the  north  aisle,  near  his  monument" 
(Chester's  '  Registers,'  p.  257). 

Daniel  Purcell  (Henry's  brother)  died 
November,  1717,  and  immediately  after 
his  death  there  appeared  in  The  Daily 
Courant,  12  Dec.,  1717,  the  following  :— 

"  Whereas  Edward  Purcell,  only  son  of  the 
famous  Mr.  Henry  Purcell,  stands  candidate  for 
the  organist's  place  of  St.  Andrew's,  Holborn, 
in  the  room  of  his  uncle  Mr.  Daniel  Purcell, 
deceased, — This  is  to  give  notice,  that  the  place 
is  to  be  decided  by  a  Generall  Poll  of  House- 
keepers of  the  said  Parish,whom  he  humbly  hopes, 
notwithstanding  the  false  and  malicious  reports 
of  his  being  a  Papist,  will  be  assistant  to  him  in 
obtaining  the  said  place.  N.B. — The  Election 
will  begin  upon  Tuesday  the  17th,  at  nine  in  the 
morning,  and  continue  till  Friday  following,  to 
four  in  the  afternoon." 

There  was  no  final  decision  as  to  who  was 
to  fill  the  place  until  17  Feb.,  1718,  when  a 
vestry  meeting  was  held,  and  the  question 
who  was  to  be  organist  was  settled.  The 
candidates  were  Short,  Isham,  Young,  Green, 
"  Pursill,"  Haydon,  Harris,  and  Hart. 
Green  was  unanimously  elected,  but  in 
April  of  the  same  year  he  resigned,  when 
there  was  another  election,  and  Edward 
tried  again,  but  was  unsuccessful,  Isham 
being  appointed. 

Although  it  is  not  quite  certain,  it  is  yet 
highly  probable  that  Edward  married  in 

1710,  when  he  was  21  years  old.     We  know 
that   his   wife's   name   was   Anne,    and   the 
Registers    of    St.    Margaret's,    Westminster, 
contain  the  entry  of  a  baptism  :    "4  May, 

1711,  Frances,    daughter    of    Edward    and 
Anne   Purcell,   born   on    19th  April."     The 
Registers    of    St.    Martin' s-in-the-Fields    for 
1716  contain  the  baptismal  entry,  11  Dec., 
"  Henry,  son  of  Edward  and  Anne  Purcell, 
born  26  Nov." 


On  8  July,  1726,  Edward  Purcell  was  made 
organist  of  St.  Margaret's,  Westminster, 
and  held  the  post  from  that  date  until  his 
death.  In  1738  he  was  enrolled  among  the 
first  list  of  members  and  founders  of  the 
Society  of  Musicians  (now  known  as  the 
Royal  Society  of  Musicians).  The  date  of 
his  death — which  occurred  on  1  July,  1740, 
but  which  in  the  '  D.N.B.'  is  left  a  matter  of 
conjecture — was  first  made  clear  in  a  valuable 
article,  signed  "Dotted  Crotchet,"  which 
appeared  in  The  Musical  Times,  1  Aug., 
1905,  p.  517.  The  death  is  recorded  in  two 
London  newspapers  —  The  Daily  Gazetteer 
and  The  Daily  Post,  2  July,  1740—"  Yester- 
day dy'd  suddenly  Mr.  Pursell,  Organist  of 
St.  Margaret's  Westminster,  a  Place  of 
50Z.  per  ann."  His  wife  did  not  long 
survive  him.  The  burial  registers  of  St. 
Margaret's  record  (19  Aug.,  1740)  the  inter- 
ment of  Anne  Purcell. 

Besides  the  children  of  Edward  and 
Anne  Purcell  referred  to  above  there 
was  another  child,  Edward  Henry,  whose 
registered  entry  of  birth  is  not  at  present 
known,  but  who  is  believed  to  have  been  a 
minor  at  the  date  of  his  father's  death 
(1740).  The  vestry  minutes  of  St.  Mar- 
garet's under  date  30  Oct.,  1746,  contain  the 
following  : — 

"  Mr.  Edward  Henry  Purcell,  son  and  adminis- 
trator of  Mr.  Edward  Purcell,  late  organist  of  the 
Parish  Church,  applied  to  the  vestry,  and  re- 
quested payment  of  the  salary  of  his  said  late 
father  as  organist  at  the  time  of  his  death." 

Chamberlaine's  '  Magnae  Britanniae  No- 
itia,'  1737  (p.  219),  gives  the  names  of  the 
hildren  of  the  Chapel  Royal,  and  we  find 
Edward  Henry  Purcell  in  the  list.  Among 
bhe  King's  music,  which  for  years  lay  in  an 
underground  room  at  Buckingham  Palace, 
and  which,  upon  the  accession  of  King- 
George  V.,  was  moved,  by  His  Majesty's 
permission,  to  the  B.M.,  there  is  a  volume 
n  Henry  Purcell's  autograph.  It  had  also 
Delonged  to  Edward  Purcell,  and  contains 
an  entry  in  his  hand  :  "  Score  booke — 
Anthems  and  Welcome  Songs,  and  other 
Songs,  all  by  my  father."  At  the  other  end 
of  the  book  is  an  autograph  inscription : 
'  Ed.  H.  Purcell,  grandson  to  the  author 
of  this  book." 

On  11  Aug.,  1753,  the  vestry  of  St.  John's, 
Hackney,  "  resolved  and  agreed  that  ye  place 
of  organist  of  the  Parish  be  and  is  declared 
vacant :  agreed  that  the  sallary  of  ye 
organist  of  the  Parish  be  settled."  They 
agreed  that  he  should  have  201.  a  year,  and 
}hey  further  decided  to  advertise  in  The 
Daily  Advertiser  that  the  post  was  vacant. 
On  22  Sept.,  1753,  six  candidates  appeared 


472 


NOTES  AND  Q  UEBIES.         [11  s.  iv.  DEC.  9,  ion. 


before  the  vestry,  and  among  them  Edward 
Henry  Purcell,  who  got  nine  votes.  He 
was  re-elected  annually  till  Easter,  24  April, 
1764,  when  there  is  an  entry  of  a 
"  complaint  having  been  made  against  Edward 
Henry  Purcell  the  present  organist. — Resolved — 
That  the  vestry  clerk  do  write  to  the  said  Edward 
Henry  Purcell  and  acquaint  him  that  the  Vestry 
insists  on  his  being  regular  in  his  attendance,"  &c. 

To  return  to  Edward,  the  subject  of  this 
notice  :  his  sister  Frances  (baptized  30  May, 
1688)  married  Leonard  Welsted  the  poet, 
son  of  the  Rev.  Leonard  Welsted,  Rector  of 
Abington,  Northants.  Welsted  the  younger 
had  been  a  scholar  at  Westminster,  whence 
he  was  elected  to  Trin.  Coll.,  Cambridge. 
Baker's  '  Northamptonshire,'  vol.  i.  p.  17, 
says  :  "  When  very  young  he  married  the 
daughter  of  Henry  Purcell,  the  celebrated 
musician,  and  obtained  an  appointment 
in  the  Secretary  of  State's  Office."  Both 
Frances  and  Leonard  were  of  the  same  age 
(19)  when  they  married.  The  Registers  of 
St.  Margaret's  record  the  baptism  of  their 
daughter  Frances,  2  Sept.,  1708.  Mrs. 
Welsted  died  in  1724,  and  the  daughter 
Frances  in  1726. 

Edward  Purcell  was  the  only  surviving 
son  of  Henry  Purcell.  Three  brothers  and 
one  sister  died  in  infancy.  The  following 
dates  from  the  Westminster  Registers  may 
be  useful  as  a  record  of  these  : — 

1682,  9  Aug.     John  Baptista,  son  of  Mr.  Henry 

Purcell.      (Baptism. ) 
1682,    17    Oct.     John   Baptista   Purcell,    a    child 

(Cloisters).     (Burial.) 

1686,  3  Aug.     Thomas  Purcell,  a  child.      (Burial.) 

Exact  date  of  birth  not  known. 

1687,  23   Sept.     Henry  Purcell,   a   child,    in  the 
East  cloister.      (Burial.)     Henry  was  bap- 
tized at  St.  Margaret's,  9  June,  1687. 

1693,  10  Dec.  Mary  Peters,  daughter  of  Henry 
and  Frances  Purcell.  (Baptism. ) 

The  date  of  death  of  this  child  is  not 
recorded,  but  she  does  not  appear  again  in 
Purcell' s  life,  nor  is  she  mentioned  in  the 
will  of  either  her  father  or  her  mother. 

I  am  not  aware  that  there  is  any  pub- 
lished music  by  Edward  Purcell. 

A.  L.  HUMPHREYS. 
187,  Piccadilly,  W. 


SIR  WALTER  RALEGH'S  HOUSE  AT 
YOUGHAL  (US.  iv.  407).— The  most  accu- 
rate account  of  Ralegh's  house  at  Youghal 
is  that  published  in  1852  by  the  Rev.  Samuel 
Hayman.  He  thus  describes  it  :— 

"A  large  dining-room  is  on  the  ground  floor 
from  which  is  a  subterranean  passage  connecting 
the  house  with  the  old  tower  of  St.  Mary's  Church 
In  one  of  the  kitchens  the  ancient  wide-arched 
fireplace  remains.  The  walls  are  in  great  part 


wainscoted  with  Irish  oak.  The  drawing-room 
— Sir  Walter's  study — retains  most  of  its  ancient 
beauty  with  its  fine  dark  wainscot,  deep  projecting 
windows  [one  of  these  must  be  "  the  deep  em- 
brasured window "  where  Ralegh  and  Spenser 
sat  when  they  read  together  the  MS.  of  '  The 
Fairy  Queen  '],  the  richly  carved  oak  mantel- 
piece rising  in  the  full  pride  of  Elizabethan  style 
to  the  height  of  the  ceiling.  The  cornice  rests 
upon  three  figures,  Faith,  Hope,  and  Charity, 
between  which  are  enriched  circular-headed 
panels ;  and  a  variety  of  emblematical  devices 
fill  up  the  rest  of  the  structure.  In  the  adjoining 
bedroom  is  another  mantelpiece  of  oak,  bar- 
barously painted  over.  The  Dutch  tiles  of  the 
fireplace  are  about  four  inches  square,  with 
various  devices  enclosed  in  a  circular  border. 
Behind  the  wainscoting  of  this  room  a  recess  was 
discovered  a  few  years  ago,  in  which  was  a  part 
of  the  old  monkish  library  hidden  at  the  period  of 
the  Reformation." 

The  elder  D'  Israeli  argued  that  Ralegh 
could  not  have  written  his  '  History  of  the 
World  '  because  he  had  not  books  of  refer- 
ence in  the  Tower  ;  but  amongst  the  volumes 
found  in  this  recess  were  two  fifteenth- 
century  works — a  black-letter  epitome  of 
early  historical  events,  and  Comestor's 
'  Historia  Scolastica  '  ;  and  Sir  John  Pope 
HenneFsy,  who  wrote  on  the  subject, 
thought  that  this  indicated  "  the  possibility 
that  Ralegh  had  been  taking  notes  from 
these  volumes  for  his  *  opus  magnum.'  " 

CONSTANCE  RUSSELL, 

Swallowtield  Park,  Readinsr. 

INQUIRER  will  find  a  short  account  of  the 
above  house  in  the  Journal  of  the  Kilkenny 
Arch.  Soc.,  New  Series,  vol.  i.,  Journal 
Royal  Soc.  Antiq.  Ireland,  vol.  iv.  pp.  25-8, 
with  an  illustration  of  the  exterior,  and  also 
of  '  Raleigh's  Yew  Trees.'  The  house  is 
now  called  "Myrtle  Grove."  In  1602 
Raleigh  sold  it  to  the  first  Earl  of  Cork.  It 
was  purchased  from  the  second  Earl  in  1670 
by  Samuel  Hayman,  and  was  in  1849  in 
the  possession  of  his  descendants.  See  also 
Lewis's  '  Topographical  Dictionary  of  Ire- 
land.' second  edition.  A.  E.  STEEL. 

A  description  of  the  interior  in  1856  is 
given  in  an  article  on  the  '  Ecclesiastical  Anti- 
quities of  Youghal,'  by  the  Rev.  S.  Hayman, 
in  vol.  i.,  Second  Series,  of  the  Journal  of 
the  Kilkenny  Archaeological  Society  (now 
the  Royal  Society  of  Antiquaries  of  Ireland), 
Dublin,  1858,  p.  27.  On  p.  26  is  a 
small  w.oodcut  of  the  exterior  of  the  house. 
It  was  then  occupied  by  Mr.  W.  J.  Pirn. 
W.  D.  MACRAY. 

In  The  Nineteenth  Century  for  November, 
1881,  there  is  an  article  by  the  late  Sir 
John  Pope  Hennessy,  the  then  occupant 
of  this  house,  entitled  '  Sir  Walter  Raleigh 


ii  s.  iv.  DEO.  9,  Mil.]          NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


473 


in  Ireland,'  the  opening  lines  of  which  give 
a  good  account  of  the  study,  then  "  much 
the  same."  This  article  was  expanded 
into  an  octavo  volume,  pp.  xi-j-263,  and 
published  by  Kegan  Paul  in  1883.  Canon 
Hayman's  '  Account  of  the  Present  State  of 
Youghal  Church.  .  .  .  and  Sir  Walter  Raleigh's 
House'  (Youghal,  n.d.),  enlarged  from  an 
article  in  The  Topographer  and  Genealogist 
for  March,  1847,  gives  fuller  architectural 
details.  This  account  was  again  reprinted 
in  '  The  Illustrated  Guide  to  St.  Mary's 
Collegiate  Church ....  at  Youghal,  co.  Cork  ' 
(Youghal,  1861),  with  a  woodcut  view  of  the 
house.  The  same  author  supplied  the  de- 
scription of  the  house  and  grounds  which 
appeared  in  '  The  Blackwater  in  Munster,' 
by  J.  R.  O'Flanagan,  London,  1844,  4to. 

EDITOR  '  IRISH  BOOK  LOVER.' 
Kensal  Lodge,  N.W. 

There  is  a  short  account  of  '  Ralegh's 
House,  Youghal,'  exterior  and  interior,  by 
Mr.  G.  H.  Orpen,  in  the  Journal  of  the  Royal 
Society  of  Antiquaries  of  Ireland  for  1903 
(vol.  xxxiii.  pp.  310-12). 

G.  L.  APPERSON. 

I  believe  that  the  present  occupier  is 
Sir  Henry  Blake,  formerly  Governor  of 
Jamaica.  The  estate  is  known  as  Myrtle 
Grove.  R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

My  impression  is  that  a  description  of  this 
interesting  house  (which  I  remember  visiting 
in  the  summer  of  1891)  has  been  printed  in 
Devon  Notes  and  Queries.  Possibly  the 
following  may  be  found  useful :  Dr.  T.  N. 
Brushfield's  papers  in  the  Transactions  of 
the  Devonshire  Association  ;  '  Raleghana,' 
Parts  I- VIII.  (1896,  1898,  1900,  1902-7)  ; 
'  Sir  Walter  Ralegh  and  his  "  History  of  the 
World  "  '  (1887)  ;  and  'Ralegh  Miscellanea,' 
Parts  I.  and  II.  (1909-10). 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

[BRIDGET  O'HARA  also  thanked  for  r^ply.] 

Miss  HOWARD  AND  NAPOLEON  III.  (US. 
iv.  347,  430). — I  am  informed  that  the 
correct  name  of  this  lady  was  Elizabeth  Ann 
Harryett  or  Haryett,  and  that  she  was  born 
at  Brighton  about  the  year  1823.  The 
following  entry  is  the  only  one  in  the  register 
of  the  Brighton  Parish  Church  at  that  period 
that  can  possibly  have  any  reference  to  her  : 
"  23  Oct.,  1822.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Henry 
and  Elizabeth  Herriott,  Preston  in  this 
County,  Brewer."  Is  this  the  register  of 
baptism  of  the  celebrated  Miss  Howard  ? 
HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 


'THE  INTELLIGENCER'  (11  S.  iv.  407). — 
This  was  the  title  of  a  halfpenny  weekly 
paper  published  at  Dublin,  and  written 
almost  entirely  by  Swift  and  his  friend 
Thomas  Sheridan.  It  began  in  1728,  and 
ran  to  twenty  numbers,  coming  to  an  end 
in  the  early  part  of  1729.  Swift  speaks  of  it 
in  a  letter  to  Pope  of  6  March,  1728/9 
(Pope's  '  Works,'  ed.  Elwin  and  Courthope, 
vol.  vii.  p.  145) :  "  a  paper  which  Dr.  Sheridan 
had  engaged  in,  called  The  Intelligencer,  of 
which  he  made  but  sorry  work,  and  then 
dropped  it."  The  first  collected  edition 
appeared  in  London  in  1729  ;  the  second, 
to  which  MR.  W.  NORMAN  refers,  "  by  the 
author  of  '  A  Tale  of  a  Tub,'  "  in  1730. 
Some  account  of  The  Intelligencer  is  given 
on  p.  60  of  that  useful  work  the  '  Catalogue 
of  the  Hope  Collection  of  Early  Newspapers 
and  Essayists  in  the  Bodleian,'  where  it  is 
stated  that  Nos.  1,  3,  5,  7,  9,  and  some  verses 
in  8  and  at  the  end  of  10,  15,  and  19,  were 
written  by  Swift.  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

The  first  number"  appeared  on   11   May, 

1728.  Swift   describes   his   connexion  with 
it  in  a  letter  to  Pope  dated  12  June,  1731. 
A  reprint  of  the  first  nineteen  numbers  (the 
first  English  edition)  appeared  in  London  in 

1729.  The  title-page  describes  it  as  "  Re- 
printed and  sold  by  A.  Moor  in  St.  Paul's 
Churchyard,  and  the  Booksellers  of  London 
and  Westminster.  1729."     Swift's  contribu- 
tions   are    reprinted    in    the    edition    of    his 
'  Prose    Works '     edited    by    Temple    Scott 
(Bell  &  Sons).          M.  A.  M.  MACALISTER. 

Halkett  and  Laing  say  that  it  was  by 
Thomas  Sheridan  and  Dean  Swift,  printed 
at  Dublin  (no  date),  reprinted  in  London, 
1729,  8vo,  pp.  4,  b.  t.,  217,  in  20  numbers. 
The  first,  third,  fifth,  seventh,  part  of  eighth, 
ninth,  tenth,  fifteenth,  and  nineteenth  are 
by  Swift  ;  the  rest  by  Sheridan. 

R.  A.  POTTS. 

[MR.  A.  R.  BAYLEY  and  G.  also  thanked  for 
replies.] 

HENRY  FENTON  JADIS  (11  S.  iv.  410). — 
This  is  probably  the  individual  whose  claim 
to  the  Gardner  peerage  was  rejected  by  the 
House  of  Lords  in  1825.  Alan  Hyde 
Gardner  (afterwards  Lord  Gardner),  a 
captain  R.N.,  married  Maria  Elizabeth 
Adderly.  During  her  husband's  absence  on 
duty  in  the  West  Indies  in  1802,  she  became 
the  mistress  of  Henry  Jadis,  Esq.,  and  on 
8  December,  1802,  gave  birth  to  Henry 
Fenton,  who  was  baptized  as  the  son  of 
Capt.  Gardner.  At  Easter,  1804,  Capt. 
Gardner  brought  an  action  against  Henry 


474 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  9, 1011. 


Jadis,  and  obtained  1,0001.  damages  ;  he 
also  obtained  a  divorce  in  the  Consistory 
Court,  and  his  marriage  was  dissolved  by 
Act  of  Parliament. 

WILLIAM  BRAD  BROOK. 

JOHN  WORSLEY,  SCHOOLMASTER  AT  HERT- 
FORD (US.  iv.  368). — Turner,  in  his  '  History 
of  Hertford,'  says  that  Mr.  Edward  Cox  of 
Cheshunt  erected  a  tenement,  which  he 
called  "  The  Tower  House,"  upon  that  part 
of  the  Castle  wall  where  a  round  tower, 
pointing  towards  Castle  Street,  anciently 
stood.  "  The  Tower  House  "  was  for  many 
years  occupied  as  a  school.  It  was  conducted 
by  a  Mr.  Worsley,  under  whom  the  celebrated 
John  Wilkes  and  Howard  the  philanthropist 
received  the  rudiments  of  a  classical  educa- 
tion. This  house,  to  which  there  was  an 
ascent  up  the  moat  by  a  flight  of  steps,  was 
pulled  down  several  years  ago. 

A  writer  in  The  Universal  Magazine  (vol. 
Ixxxvi.  p.  170,  1790)  says  :— 

"  The  father  of  John  Howard  being  a  Protestant 
Dissenter,  sent  his  son  to  a  Grammar  school  at 
Hertford,  the  master  of  which  was  Mr.  Worsley, 
a  gentleman  of  the  same  religious  principles  and 
of  considerable  learning.  He  was  the  author  of 
'  A  Translation  of  the  New  Testament  '  and  a 
Latin  grammar." 

Allibone  ('Dictionary  of  English  and 
American  Authors  ')  makes  brief  reference 
to  him  and  these  two  works. 

W.  B.  GERISH. 

Another  of  John  Worsley' s  pupil*  was 
John  Howard  the  philanthropist  (1726-90). 
Howard's  experience  of  the  school  was  un- 
fortunate, due  apparently  as  much  to  his 
own  weakly  constitution  as  to  his  master's 
incompetence.  Dr.  Aikin,  in  his  memoirs, 
says  that  Howard  in  after  life  was 
wont  to  speak  with  greater  heat  on  the 
point  of  his  early  schooling  than  on  almost 
any  other,  and  to  declare  that  he  left  school, 
after  seven  years'  tuition,  "  not  fairly  taught 
one  thing."  On  the  other  hand,  the  '  D.N.B.' 
speaks  of  Worsley  as  "  for  fifty  years  a  suc- 
cessful schoolmaster  at  Hertford  "  ;  while 
Wilkes' s  rapid  progress  in  his  studies  must  to 
a  certain  extent  be  placed  to  his  tutor's  credit. 

To  pedagogy  Worsley  added  authorship. 
The  works  from  his  pen  are  : — 

1.  "  Prosodia  Alvariana  auota  et  emendata,  in  qua 
syllabarum  quantitas  plene   breviter  et  perspicufe 
docetur.      Accedit  hue  appendix  de  patronymicis." 
London,  1735.    8vo. 

2.  "  UtvaKtdia     TrerpayXwaaa,     or,    Tables   of  the 
Greek,  Latin,  English,  and  French  Verbs,  declin'd 
throughout.     London,  1736."    8vo. 

3.  "Tables  of  French   Verbs.     Second  edition. 
London,  1745."    8vo. 


He  also  prepared  an  able  translation  of  '  The 
New  Testament ....  from  the  Greek  accord- 
ing to  the  present  idiom  of  the  English 
tongue.  With  notes  and  references,'  which 
was  published  after  his  death  (1770,  London, 
8vo),  by  subscription,  under  the  joint  editor- 
ship of  his  son,  Samuel  Worsley,  and  Matthew 
Bradshaw. 

In  1693  he  registered  a  place  of  meeting 
for  Protestant  Dissenters  at  Ware,  Herts. 
His  death  took  place  on  16  December,  1767. 

One  of  his  sons,  also  named  John,  con- 
tinued to  carry  on  the  school  at  Hertford  for 
thirty  years.  It  is  strange  that  it  should  be 
this  master  whom  the  'D.N.B.'  describes 
as  unsuccessful,  being  too  easy  a  disci- 
plinarian. He  published  a  Latin  Grammar 
(1771,  8vo),  and  died  at  High  Wycombe, 
Bucks,  in  1807.  He  may  perhaps  be  identi- 
fied with  the  minister  whose  name  appears 
in  a  list  of  preachers  for  the  benefit  of  the 
Charity  School  at  St.  Albans,  under  date 
1775,  when  the  amount  collected  was  20Z. 

The  son  Samuel  mentioned  above  was 
educated  at  Daventry  under  Dr.  Ashworth, 
and  was  pastor  of  the  Independent  Church 
at  Cheshunt,  Herts,  from  1765  until  his 
death  in  1800,  at  the  age  of  59.  He  was 
interred  in  Cheshunt  churchyard. 

At  the  same  period  there  was  a  John 
Worsley,  a  surgeon,  at  Ware,  Herts,  who 
died  24  November,  1776.  He  had  a  wife 
Grace,  and  three  children,  John,  Grace,  and 
Sarah. 

In  the  churchyard  of  St.  Andrew,  Hert- 
ford, is  an  inscription  to  Mary  Worsley, 
who  died  20  May,  1793,  aged  55.  Her  three 
children,  who  died  very  young,  are  also 
commemorated. 

Israel  Worsley,  Unitarian  minister,  born 
at  Hertford  in  1768,  was  the  grandson  of 
the  first  schoolmaster  and  son  of  the  second. 
The  '  D.N.B.'  gives  a  full  account  of  his  life 
and  writings.  T.  B.  S. 

"  RYDYNG  ABOUTE  OF  VICTORY,"  &c. 
(11  S.  iv.  408). — Under-paid  schoolmasters 
in  the  seventeenth,  eighteenth,  and  nine- 
teenth centuries  augmented  their  incomes 
by  the  receipt  of  "  Victor  penny  "  from  their 
pupils.  This  was  apparently  paid  for  the 
privilege  of  celebrating  the  result  of  a  con- 
test in  cock-fighting  or  throwing  at  cocks  by 
some  sort  of  procession,  in  which  the  owner 
of  the  victorious  bird  in  the  one  case,  or 
the  most  successful  thrower  in  the  other, 
'was  conducted  from  the  scene  of  battle  in 
triumph  :  this  practice  is  called  "  rydyng 
aboute  of  victory  "  in  Dean  Colet's  '  Statutes 
for  St.  Paul's  School.' 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC  o,  mi.]          NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


475 


As  for  the  "  folish  babeling "  at  "  sent 
Bartilmews,'  the  following  extract  from 
Strype's  edition  of  Stow's  '  Survey  of 
London  '  will  be  sufficient  explanation  : — 

"  Upon  Festival  days  the  Masters  made  solemn 
meetings  in  the  Churches,  where  their  Scholars 
disputed  logically  and  demonstratively.  The 
boys  of  divers  Schools  did  cap  or  pot  verses,  and 
contended  of  the  principles  of  Grammar.  The 
same  was  long  since  discontinued.  But  the 
arguing  of  the  School-boys  about  the  principles 
of  Grammar  hath  been  continued  even  till  our 
time,  for  I  myself,  in  my  youth,  have  yearly  seen 
(on  the  eve  of  St.  Bartholomew  the  Apostle)  the 
Scholars  of  divers  Grammar  Schools  repair  unto 
the  Churchyard  of  St.  Bartholomew  the  Priory 
in  Smithfield,  where  (upon  a  bank  boarded  about 
under  a  tree)  some  one  Scholar  hath  stepped  up, 
and  there  been  opposed  and  answered,  till  he 
were  by  some  better  Scholar  overcome  and  put 
down.  And  then  the  overcomer  taking  the  place, 
did  like  as  the  first  :  and  in  the  end,  the  best 
opposers  and  answerers  had  rewards,  which  I 
observed  not.  But  it  made  both  good  School- 
masters and  also  good  Scholars  (diligently  against 
such  times)  to  prepare  themselves  for  the  obtain- 
ing of  this  Garland." 

So  in  Smith's  '  Old  Yorkshire  '  (ii.  150)  :— 
"  On  St.  Bartholomew's  Day,  on  which  the 
fair  ended,  the  Scholars  from  the  Grammar 
Schools  of  Leeds,  Wakefield,  and  other  places, 
were  brought  to  Lee  Fair  (at  Woodkirk)  for 
disputation,  or  to  ascertain  their  proficiency  in 
classical  learning,  yearly  down  to  the  early  part 
of  last  century." 

MATTHEW  H.  PEACOCK. 

GIBBER'S  'APOLOGY'  (11  S.  iv.  381).— 
It  ought,  perhaps,  to  be  noted  that  the 
epigram  on  Mrs.  Tofts,  which  the  manuscript 
annotator  thought  had  been  imputed  to  Sir 
Richard  Steele,  is  usually  regarded  as 
Pope's.  SeeElwinand  Courthope's  edition, 
vol.  iv.  p.  444.  It  appeared  in  Pope  and 
Swift's  '  Miscellanies,'  1727.  The  epithet 
applied  to  her  beauty  in  the  first  line  should 
be  "  bright,"  not  "  great,"  while  her  song 
is  styled  "  charming." 

With  regard  to  the  identification  of  the 
second  of  the  "  two  persons  now  living," 
Mr.  E — e  of  '  The  Laureat,'  with  Giles 
Earle,  there  is  a  letter  of  this  last-named 
person  to  Mrs.  Howard,  afterwards  Countess 
of  Suffolk,  in  which  he  writes  : — 

"  I  hope  those  that  wish  me  best  had  rather 
I  should  mind  my  business  here  for  a  little  time, 
repair  my  farm-houses,  and  put  my  estate  in 
order,  that  has  been  neglected  these  ten  years." — 
10  Aug.,  1717,  vol.  i.  p.  15,  in  '  Letters  to  and 
from  Henrietta,  Countess  of  Suffolk,  and  her 
Second  Husband,  the  Hon.  George  Berkeley,'  1824. 

This  corresponds  very  well  with  what  Gibber  j 
says  :— 

"  He ....  turned  his  back  xvpon  his  frolicks 
abroad,  to  think  of  improving  his-  estate  at  home  ; 


in  order  to  which,  he  clapt  collars  upon  his  coach - 
horses ....  In  these  unpolite  amusements  he 
has. .  .  .look'd  about  him  like  a  farmer  for  many 
years." — '  Apology,'  1756,  vol.  i.  p.  13. 

The  substitution  by  his  friends  of  Tom  for 
Giles  is  illustrated  by  a  letter  of  Lady  Mary 
Wortley  Montagu's  to  Sir  James  Steuart 
in  1761  :  "  You  may  have  heard  of  a  face- 
tious gentleman  vulgarly  called  Tom  Earle, 
i.e.,  Giles  Earle,  Esq."  If  "a  certain 
gentleman,"  the  recipient  of  Gibber's  dedi- 
cation, is  Dodington,  there  is  especial  point 
in  "it  would  give  you  less  concern  to  find 
your  name  in  an  impertinent  Satyr,"  as  Bubb 
Dodington,  under  the  name  of  Bubo,  had 
been  Gibber's  fellow-sufferer  from  the  lash 
of  Pope's  satire.  But  how  do  the  words  of 
the  Dedication, 

"  Whether  the  Retreat  of  Cicero,  in  cost,  mag- 
nificence, or  curious  luxury  of  antiquities,  might 
not  outblaze  the  simplex  munditiis,  the  modest 
ornaments  of  your  Villa,  is  not  within  my  reading 
to  determine,'*' 

square  with  the  sumptuousness  of  Eastbury 
and  its  furniture  ?  (See  MB.  W.  P.  COURT- 
NEY'S account  at  10  S.  xii.  462.)  Is  this 
Gibber's  playfulness,  or  is  he  referring  to 
Dodington's  villa  at  Hammersmith,  so 
dear  to  Thomas  Carlyle  ?  "  That  un- 
common virtue,  your  Integrity,"  so  specially 
singled  out  by  Gibber,  seems  a  more  appro- 
priate compliment  for  Henry  Pelham  than 
for  Dodington. 

Those  who  know  the  '  Apology  '  will  share 
COL.  PRIDEATJX'S  surprise  that  it  has  not 
been  published  in  any  series  of  reprints. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

"HAD  I  WIST"  (11  S.  iii.  129,  172).— 
Another  instance  of  the  use  of  this  phrase, 
and,  though  not  in  the  '  N.E.D.,'  curious 
enough  to  be  added  to  those  quoted  by  me, 
occurs  in  Marlowe's  '  Edward  II.,'  when 
Warwick,  in  answer  to  Pembroke's  proposal 
to  carry  the  earls'  prisoner  Gaveston  to 
King  Edward  and  bring  him  back  again, 
exclaims  : — 

Pembroke,  what  wilt  thou  do? 
Cause  yet  more  bloodshed  ?    Is  it  not  enough 
That  we  have  taken  him  ;  but  must  we  now 
Leave  him  on  "Had  I  wist,"  and  let  him  go? 

Mmmo's  'British  Dramatists,'  p.  113,  col.  1. 
"  Must  we  now  leave  him  on  '  Had  I  wist'  ?  " 
plainly  means  :  Must  we  now  leave  him, 
and  thereby  run  the  risk  of  having  cause  to 
regret  our  compliance  ?  for  he  may  not  come 
back,  and  then  all  we  should  be  able  to  say 
would  be,  "Had  we  but  known,"  we  should 
not  have  allowed  him  to  go. 

J.  F.  BENSE. 
Arnhem,  the  Netherlands.  • 


476 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [11  s.  iv.  DEO.  9, 1911, 


CBYSTAL  PALACE  TICKETS  (US.  iv.  405). 
— The  season  ticket  for  the  Great  Exhibition 
of  1851  is  relatively  of  more  importance  than 
the  concert  tickets  quoted.  Probably,  also, 
a  great  number  are  still  extant.  The  text 
is  not  worth  quoting,  as  the  ticket  has  on 
the  face  only  its  purpose,  and  on  the  back 
rules  as  to  its  use  being  restricted  to  the 
owner,  whose  signature  it  bears.  Its  size — 
a  gentleman's  card — is  identical  with  that 
of  the  season  tickets  subsequently  issued 
for  the  Exhibitions  of  1862  and  1871.  The 
three  examples  before  me  belonged  to  the 
late  Sir  Frederick  Hendriks. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (US. 
iv.  329,  414).— 

It  chaunst  (eternall  God  that  chaunce  did  guide). 
Spenser's  '  Fairie  Queene,' 
Book  I.  canto  xi.  stanza  45. 

H.  DAVEY. 

The  lines  quoted  by  MR.  PIERPOINT  at 
p.  408  are  from  Lander's  '  Ode  to  Southey,' 
written  at  Florence  in  1833,  and  first 
printed  in  The  Athenceum  4  January,  1834. 
As  printed  in  Landor's  «  Works,'  1846  and 
1876,  they  run  as  follows  : 
We  hurry  to  the  river  we  must  cross, 

And  swifter  downward  every  footstep  wends  ; 
Happy,  who  re.ich  it  ere  they  count  the  loss 
Of  half  their  faculties  and  half  their  friends  ! 

STEPHEN  WHEELER. 

The  lines  by  James  Smith,  of  '  Rejected 
Addresses  '  celebrity,  and  Sir  George  Rose's 
impromptu  retort  have  often  been  quoted, 
but  not  always  correctly.  James  Smith  was 
himself  an  attorney,  and  the  cruel  epigram 
on  his  own  profession  was  made  at  a  dinner 
at  his  house  in  Craven  Street.  Sir  George 
Rose  was  a  member  of  the  Inner  Temple 
and  a  Bencher.  Many  of  his  telling  witti- 
cisms and  sparkling  epigrams  still  linger 
amongst  some  of  the  older  members  of  his 
profession.  He  died  in  1873  in  his  91st  year. 
The  following  may  be  accepted  as  the 
correct  version  of  the  lines  in  question  : — 
At  the  top  of  this  street  ten  attorneys  are  found, 
At  the  bottom  the  river  with  barges  is  crowned. 
Fly,  Honesty,  fly  to  some  safer  retreat, 
For  there's  craft  in  the  river — and  craft  in  the 
street  ! 

Sir  George  replied  : — 

Why  should  Honesty  fly  to  some  safer  retreat, 
From  the  lawyers  and  barges,  'od  rot  'em  ? 
For  the  lawyers  are  just  at  the  top  of  the  street, 
And  the  barges  are  just  at  the  bottom. 

J.  E.  LATTON  PICKERING. 
Inner  Temple  Library. 


With 


reference   to   R.  C. 
some    16    years    aj 


C.    WILLIAMS'S 

inquiry,    some    10    years    ago    I    hea.rd    the 
verses  repeated  by  a  late  Solicitor-General, 
who  gave  them  as  follows  : — 
In  Craven  Street,  Strand,  the  lawyers  abound, 
And  down  on  the  river  the  barges  are  found. 
Fly,  Honesty,  fly  to  a  safer  retreat, 
There's  craft  on  the  river  and  craft  in  the  street. 

The  retort  is  as  follows  : — 

Why,  Honesty,  fly  to  a  safer  retreat  ? 
Better  stick  to  good  friends  while  you've  got  'em  ; 
For  the  lawyers  are  up  at  the  top  of  the  street, 
And  the  barges  are  down  at  the  bottom. 

TRIN.  COLL.,  CAMS. 

As  a  grandson  of  one  of  the  ten  attorneys, 
I  am  very  familiar  with  the  epigrams.  They 
will  be  found  in  full  at  9  S.  iii.  440,  where 
it  is  stated  that  they  were  written  at  a 
dinner  in  Lincoln's  Inn. 

R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

Sandgate. 

[MR.  H.  C.  BEDDOE  and  MR.  W.  B.  KINGSFORD 
also  thanked  for  replies.] 

NELSON:  "  MUSLE  "  (11  S.  iv.  307,  351, 
373,  414).  —  In  response  to  SIR  J.  K. 
LAUGHTON'S  inquiry  in  his  extremely  kind 
mention  of  my  reply,  I  would  say  that 
my  mother  (nee  Mary  Graham)  was 
Irish,  of  Dublin  parentage,  though  I 
have  always  understood  that  her  family 
claimed  descent  from  the  great  Scottish 
clan.  Her  "  grandmother  Mackenzie,"  who, 
it  was  believed,  died  a  centenarian,  was,  I 
think,  Scotch  ;  so  it  may  have  been  from 
her  (she  lived  for  many  years  with  my 
mother's  parents  in  Capel  Street)  that  the 
phrase  came.  Bivalves,  like  jelly-fish,  have 
been  frequently  chosen  as  examples  of 
sluggish  vitality.  I  remember  reading  that 
Dr.  Whewell,  discussing  the  possibility  of 
the  stars  being  habitable,  observed,  "  But 
perhaps  they  [the  inhabitants]  are  oysters, 
and  don't  care  !  " 

May  I  mention  that  my  quotation, 
"  Orson  is  endowed  with  reason  !  "  rather 
failed  in  its  application  through  the  acci- 
dental addition  of  "  s  "  to  the  final  word, 
"reason"  ?  HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 

39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennington  Lane. 

Nelson  could  hardly  have  uttered  the 
words  in  any  bellicose  sense.  MR.  CLAY- 
TON'S interpretation  seems  the  most  likely  : 
that  the  great  commander,  being  tired  of 
watching  for  the  enemy,  meant  to  intimate 
that  even  an  admiral  should  be  thankful 
for  small  mercies  at  times.  Compare  the 
speech  of  Sir  Arthur  Wellesley  to  his  staff 
on  receiving  the  news  that  the  Government 
of  the  day  had  superseded  him  after  the 


n  s.  iv.  DEC.  9,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


477 


battle  of  Vimeira,  "  Now,  gentlemen,  we 
may  go  and  shoot  red-legged  partridges  "  ; 
iilso  Tilburina's  line  in  Sheridan's  '  Critic,' 
"  An  oyster  may  be  cross' d  in  love." 

N.  W.  HILL. 

The  use  of  a  Scottish  expression  of  the 
kind  by  Nelson  seems  plausible  enough. 
Adam  Duncan,  Viscount  Camperdown,  who 
immediately  preceded  him  as  a  British  naval 
commander  of  distinction,  must  have  at- 
tracted an  exceptional  number  of  Scottish 
sailors  to  the  fleet.  And  Nelson  himself 
would  probably  have  no  inconsiderable 
body  of  Scotsmen  under  his  leadership. 
In  my  very  young  days  I  was  acquainted 
with  a  venerable  Scotsman  wTho  had  served 
against  the  French  navy.  As  showing  the 
mixed  nature  of  his  ship's  crew,  I  may  add 
the  recollection  that,  when  describing  a 
fight  on  board  a  French  privateer,  he  men- 
tioned as  leading  boarders  with  him  a 
couple  of  Irishmen. 

Surely  SIB,  J.  K.  LAUGHTON  over-estimates 
the  difficulty  about  the  significance  of  the 
expression.  The  comparison  of  the  French 
fleet  to  a  half-comatose  mussel  is  a  rare  piece 
of  irony.  W.  B. 

In  the  miscellaneous  section  of  Andrew 
Henderson's  *  Scottish  Proverbs  '  two  con- 
secutive entries  are  :  "  There  's  life  in  a 
mussel  as  lang  as  it  can  cheep  "  and  "  There 's 
life  in  a  mussel  although  it  be  little."  In 
both,  of  course,  the  reference  to  the  bivalve 
is  obvious.  Nelson  may  have  heard  a 
Scottish  seaman  use  the  expression.  See 
Henderson's  '  Scottish  Proverbs,'  ed.  J. 
Donald,  p.  140  (Glasgow,  Thtomas  D.  Morri- 
son, 1881).  THOMAS  BAYNE. 

May  I  point  out  that  SIR  J.  K.  LAUGH- 
TON'S  reply,  at  the  last  reference,  suggests 
another  explanation  of  the  phrase  "  life 
in  a  musle  "  ?  The  word  "  musle  "  is  simply 
an  unusual  mode  of  spelling  "  muscle," 
the  muscles  being  taken  to  represent  the 
fleets  of  France.  The  French  navy  had  been 
mauled  and  battered  to  such  an  extent  as 
to  be  incapable  "  of  moving  a  muscle." 
"  There's  life  in  a  muscle  "  was  an  expres- 
sion borrowed  from  the  prize-ring.  It  is 
usual,  I  understand,  for  a  pugilist  who  has 
received  a  "  knock-out "  blow  to  give 
evidence  of  coming  to  his  senses  by  a  twitch- 
ing of  the  muscles.  Here  the  twitching 
muscle  was  the  news  of  French  ships  seen 
steering  in  a  certain  direction.  It  indicated 
to  Nelson  that  his  antagonist  was  coming 
to  his  senses  and  had  still  "  life  in  a  muscle." 

W.  SCOTT. 


FARINGTON  OF  WORDEN  (US.  iii.  385). — 
The  following  notes  from  the  baptismal 
registers  of  Leigh  (Lancashire)  decidedly 
support  the  older  version  of  this  pedigree 
as  against  the  revised  version  printed  in 
Burke' s  '  Landed  Gentry  '  in  1906  : — 
May,  1746.  William,  son  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Farring- 

ton,  vie.,  was  born  the  12,  and   baptized 

June  the  4th. 
Jan.  18,  1747/8.     Joseph,  son  of  the  Rev.  William 

Farrington,  vicar  of  Leigh 
Oct.    13,    1749.     Henry,    son    of    the    Rev.    Mr. 

William  Farington,  vicar. 
Nov.    10,    1752.     George,    son   of   the    Rev.    Mr. 

William  Farington,  vicar  of  Leigh. 
Aug.  27,  1755.     Richard  Atherton,  son  of  the  Rev. 

Mr.  William  Farington,  vicar  of  Leigh. 
Dec.    20,    1758.     Edward,    son   of   the   Rev.    Mr. 

William  Farington,  vicar. 
Oct.    10,    1760.     Robert,  son    of    the    Rev.    Mr. 

Farington,  vicar. 

The  vicar  signed  many  pages  of  the  regis- 
ters, including  the  one  containing  the  first 
of  the  above  entries,  as  William  Farington, 
using  the  ordinary  capital  for  the  surname  as 
against  the  ff  affected  by  his  present-day 
descendants.  It  may  be  useful  to  add  that 
the  pedigree  will  be  found  in  Burke  between 
names  beginning  with  Fe  and  those  with  Fi, 
the  form  FFARINGTON  being  used  in  the 
heading.  J.  B. 

SPIDER  STORIES  (US.  iv.  26,  76,  115,  137). 
— John  Barrow's  '  A  Voyage  to  Cochinchina,' 
1806,  p.  200,  has  this  passage  : — 

"  A  venomous  spider  is  very  common  in  the 
thickets  of  Java.  The  diameter  of  the  body  is 
nearly  2  inches  ;  and  the  length  of  the  fore-legs 
or  claws  near  4  inches,  covered  with  hair,  the 
colour  black,  and  the  mouth  red.  The  webs  spun 
by  this  animal  gave  us  considerable  trouble,  as 
we  traversed  the  woods  about  Anjerie  point. .  . . 
[Here  the  author  states  that  the  webs  are  able  to 
capture  birds.]  A  grave  gentleman  in  London 
observed  to  me  one  day  how  much  he  was  sur- 
prised to  find  so  marvellous  an  account  of  the 
strength  of  spider-webs  inserted  in  so  valuable  a 
book  as  the  Authentic  Account  of  the  Embassy 
to  China.  On  being  told  that  I  could  inform 
him  of  something  not  less  marvellous  respecting 
the  spiders  who  made  them,  which  was  that  the 
nails  of  their  fore-claws  were  so  large  and  strong, 
that  it  was  a  common  practice  in  Batavia  to  have 
them  mounted  on  gold  or  silver  handles  and  to 
use  them  as  tooth-picks,  I  have  little  doubt  he 
was  ready  to  exclaim  with  Gray  : — 

The  man  who  with  undaunted  toils 
Sails  unknown  seas  to  unknown  soils, 
What  various  wonders  feast  his  sight, 
What  stranger  wonders  does  he  write !  " 

The  Chinese  encyclopaedia  '  Yuen-kien-lui- 
han,'  1703,  torn,  cdxlix.,  abounds  with 
marvellous  spider  stories,  some  of  which 
may  be  rendered  thus : — 

"  A  spider  that  lives  in  certain  islands  is  as 
large  as  a  wheel,  12  feet  across,  variegated  with 
five  several  colours,  and  haunts  deep  wide  valleys 


478 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          m  s.  iv.  DEC.  9,  mi. 


It  puts  forth  webs  in  narrow  denies,  their  thickness 
vying  with  that  of  a  strong  rope  ;  scarcely  a 
tiger,  a  leopard,  an  elk  or  a  deer  touches  the  net, 
but  it  gets  in  so  complete  a  tangle  as  to  be 
unable  to  escape;  thus  it  perishes  and  rots, 
whereupon  the  spider  eats  it.  For  the  seamen 
who  Would  wander  over  the  place  to  gather  fire- 
wood it  is  therefore  necessary  to  go  a  hundred  of 
them  together,  each  handling  a  flambeau  with 
which  to  burn  out  the  webs.  Some  one  opines 
that  man  could  walk  the  sea  without  drowning 
if  he  put  on  shoes  made  of  the  spider's  skin. 

"  During  the  period  of  Yuen-ho,  a  man  named 
Su  Tan  went  several  tens  of  miles  over  Mount 
Tsioh-shan,  and  beheld  afar  amongst  the  crags 
a  large  white  brilliant  orbicular  light  10  feet  in 
diameter.  Thinking  it  was  a  sacred  spot,  he 
approached  it.  But  no  sooner  had  he  touched  the 
light  than  he  uttered  a  long  shriek  and  was 
instantly  enveloped  with  webs  so  densely  as  to 
look  like  a  cocoon.  At  the  same  time  there  ran 
towards  him  a  black  spider  as  huge  as  a  basin. 
His  servant  cut  open  the  webs  with  a  sharp  sword, 
but  found  his  master  already  dead  with  his 
brain  abstracted. 

"  Fei  Min,  passing  across  a  mountain,  met  a 
spider  which  began  to  surround  him  with  its  webs. 
He  shot  an  arrow,  which  killed  it.  Its  shape  was 
like  a  wheel.  He  brought  home  several  feet 
square  of  its  webs,  and  used  to  apply  an  inch 
square  of  them  to  the  sword-cuts  of  his  servants 
to  stop  the  bleeding,  which  it  did  instantaneously. 

"  Once  upon  a  time  a  Taoist  temple  near 
Mount  Tai  had  its  old  belvedere  blown  down  by 
a  storm.  It  was  found  full  of  human  bones, 
amidst  which  an  aged  spider  squatted  ;  it  was 
as  big  as  a  tea-kettle  of  5  litres  capacity,  and 
measured  several  feet  round  when  its  legs  were 
extended.  As  previously  many  children  of 
residents  in  the  vicinity  had  mysteriously  disap- 
peared, it  was  now  concluded  they  had  been 
netted  and  devoured  by  this  monster.  So  they 
burnt  it,  and  its  stench  was  quite  perceptible 
at  the  distance  of  ten  miles  and  over." 

The  Japanese  warrior  Minamoto  110 
Yorimitsu  (d.  1021)  is  reputed  to  have  anni- 
hilated a  dangerous  spider  that  measured 
7  ft.  in  length  (Oowada,  '  Yokyoku  Tsukai,' 
1906,  torn.  i.  p.  151). 

KUMAGUSTJ   MlNAKATA. 
Tanabe,  Kii,  Japan. 

"FENT"  :  TRADE  TERM  ( 1 1  S.  iv.  410,458). 
—The  word  is  not  confined  to  Lancashire. 
It  is  seen  over  shops  in  Sheffield  ;  and  the 
'N.E.D.,'  which  gives  its  history,  has  one 
example  from  a  Whitby  glossary. 

G.  C.  MOORE  SMITH. 

"Fent"  is  also  used  in  Yorkshire,  and  I 
once  saw  an  announcement  concerning  the 
sale  of  fents  in  York  itself.  As  MR.  BRESLAR 
knows,  fents  are,  generally  speaking,  rem- 
nants, and  particularly  rejected  ends  taken 
off  woven  materials  when  they  are  removed 
from  the  loom.  In  French  fente  is  a  split, 
crack,  crevice,  slit,  and  so  forth. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 


BARNARD  FAMILY  (11  S.  iv.  328). — In 
The  Home  Counties  Magazine  for  January, 
1909,  appeared  an  article  on  Sir  John 
Barnard,  Lord  Mayor  of  London,  by  W.  L. 
Rutton,  F.S.A.,  where  mention  is  made  of 
his  son  John  Barnard.  He  is  stated  to  have 
lived,  apparently  unmarried,  as  a  rich  man 
and  collector  of  works  of  art,  in  Berkeley 
Square,  and  died  worth  200,OOOZ.,  and 
having  no  issue  he  left  to  his  nephew  f 
Thomas  Hankey,  Esq.,  his  real  and  personal 
estate,  and  to  his  "  cousin  "  Joshua  Payne 
his  estate  called  Playtiatch,  in  the  parish 
of  Sunning,  Oxfordshire.  He  died  in 
Berkeley  Square  in  November,  1784,  and 
was  buried  on  1  December  in  the  vault 
under  the  chapel  of  the  burying-ground  of 
his  parish,  St.  George's,  Hanover  Square, 
on  the  Uxbridge  Road.  So  far  as  can  be 
ascertained  there  is  no  memorial  to  his 
memory.  If  he  were  married,  the  register 
of  that  parish  might  possibly  give  his  wife's 
Christian  name,  as  her  remains  would  most 
probably  rest  in  the  same  vault  with  his. 
L.  H.  CHAMBERS. 

LEARNED  HORSES  (11  S.  iv.  285,  354).— 
The  story  of  Banks'  s  wonderful  horse 
"  Morocco  "  ascending  to  the  vane  of 
St.  Paul's  is,  of  course,  fictitious.  After 
the  fire  of  1561  the  steeple  was  never  re- 
built, and  until  April,  1566,  the  roof  of  the 
nave  was  under  repair.  The  horse  was  in 
being  circa  1595,  when  there  was  no  vane  to 
climb  to.  George  Daniel,  who  possessed  a 
copy  of  Banks' s  excessively  rare  pamphlet, 
brings  a  story  of  the  horse's  intelligence  into 
'  Merrie  England  in  the  Olden  Time,'  ii.  285. 
ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

"BURWAY"  (11  S.  iv.  169). — This  seems 
the  same  word  as  burwe,  which  the  '  N.E.D.' 
explains  as  an  obsolete  form  of  "  borough  " 
and  "  burrow."  Probably  the  former  signi- 
fication is  the  one  required. 

N.  W.  HILL. 
New  York. 

'  SLANG  TERMS  AND  THE  GIPSY  TONGUE  ' 
(11  S.  iv.  409). — I  do  not  know  the  articles 
in  Baily's  Magazine,  and  I  cannot  refer  to 
them  ;  but  it  is  possible  that  they  are  the 
work  of  Mr  J.  Crowther  M.  Harrison,  a 
Hull  timber-merchant,  who  died  in  1891. 

W.  C.  B. 

FROST  ARMS  AT  WINCHESTER  (11  S.  iv. 
330). — With  reference  to  MR.  FROST'S  in- 
quiry, I  find  that  both  in  Berry  and  Edmond- 
son  the  Frost  arms  are  given  :  Arg.,  on  a 
chevron  sa.,  between  three  owls  gu.,  a  quatre- 
foil  az.  H.  B.  R.  j 


n  s.  iv.  DEC.  9,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


479 


on 


The  Historical  Growth  of  the  English  Parish 
Church.  By  A.  H.  Thompson,  F.S.A.  (Cam- 
bridge University  Press.  ) 

MR.  THOMPSON'S  concise  account  of  the  archi- 
tecture of  English  churches,  with  illustrations, 
is  one  of  the  useful  series  of  manuals  which 
are  in  course  of  being  issued  at  Cambridge,  and 
gives  a  large  amount  of  information  in  a  brief 
space.  The  erection  of  churches,  he  points  out,  is 
to  be  attributed  not  so  much  to  the  benefactions 
of  the  monasteries  and  religious  orders  as  to  the 
lord  of  the  manor,  who  founded  and  provided 
the  fabric  for  the  tenants  on  his  own  estate  ; 
and  he  lays  emphasis  on  the  fact  that,  quite 
apart  from  their  religious  associations,  the  parish 
churches  of  England  form  one  of  the  most  remark- 
able groups  of  historical  monuments  which  any 
nation  in  Europe  possesses.  Most  people  are 
probably  not  aware  that  the  west  porch  used  to 
be  called  the  Galilee  for  the  reason  that  the  last 
stage  of  the  Sunday  procession  was  reached  at 
that  point,  even  as  the  final  stage  of  the  Lord's 
life  on  earth  terminated  in  Galilee  after  His 
Resurrection.  J.  T.  Micklethwaite's  '  Modern 
Parish  Churches,'  1874,  might  be  added  to  the 
bibliography. 

IN  The  Cornhill  Magazine  for  December  Mrs. 
T.  H.  Huxley  has  some  sprightly  '  Pictures  of 
Australian  Life,'  1843-4,  which  show  her  own 
vigour  as  a  young  woman.  She  made  her  own 
and  her  mother's  dresses,  and  all  the  bread  for 
the  household,  and  rode  fearlessly  through  scrub, 
over  steep  banks  and  logs.  Mr.  Guy  Kendall 
has  a  dignified  'Ode  on  the  Tercentenary  of 
Charterhouse,'  and  Col.  C.  E.  Callwell  tells  a 
somewhat  mild  '  Tale  of  the  Staff  College.'  '  My 
Experiences  of  the  Railway  Strike,'  by  a  Railway 
Clerk,  is  vivid  and  well  written,  while  Mr.  Gilfrid 
Hartley  gives  a  good  idea  of  sport  in  '  An  Irish 
Deer  Forest.'  Major  MacMunn's  '  En  Avant  les 
Enfants  Perdus  !  '  is  an  amusing  story  of  mimic 
military  warfare.  Dr.  Squire  Sprigge  has  a  good 
subject  in  '  Medicine  in  Fiction,'  and  complains 
reasonably  of  the  lack  of  knowledge  shown  by 
novelists.  His  examples  are  mostly  not  of  recent 
date.  He  would  find,  we  think,  a  careful  and 
compelling  study  of  sleeping  sickness  in  Mr. 
Masefield's  '  Multitude  and  Solitude.'  The 
answers  are  given  to  questions  on  '  The  Pilgrim's 
Progress,'  and  Sir  Frederick  Pollock  sets  a 
paper  on  the  Falstaff  Cycle. 

IN  The  Fortnightly  the  best  of  the  political 
articles  is  Mr.  A.  A.  Baumann's  on  '  The  End  of 
the  Dual  Control  '  in  the  Conservative  Party. 
Mr.  Joseph  Solomon  has  a  highly  interesting  survey 
of  some  of  the  main  ideas  in  '  The  Philosophy  of 
Bergson.'  Mr.  Archibald  Hurd  in  '  The  Peril  of 
Invasion  :  Italy's  "  Bolt  from  the  Blue  "  '  main- 
tains that  the  transports  needed  to  land  troops 
by  the  Italians  show  the  impossibility  of  an 
invasion  of  England  even  by  70,  000  men.  This  is 
the  view  of  Sir  Arthur  Wilson  in  opposition  to 
Lord  Roberts.  '  The  Art  of  J.  M.  Synge,'  by  Mr. 
Darrell  Figgis,  and  '  Reality  in  Poetry,'  by  Mr. 
Laurence  Housman,  are  both  able,  but  the  former 
writer  suffers  from  an  affected  style.  Mr.  E.  V. 
Heward  tells  us  a  good  deal  of  interest  concerning 


'  The  Sun  :  Light  and  Life  of  the  World,'  and 
the  various  theories  as  to  how  its  terrific  heat  is 
maintained.  Mr.  Sydney  Brooks  has  an  inform- 
ing article  on  '  The  American  Yellow  Press,' 
which  the  recent  death  of  Mr.  Pulitzer  leads  him 
to  consider.  He  finds  something  good  to  say  for 
it,  though  he  does  not  stint  his  words  concerning 
its  enormities.  This  is  an  article  that  should 
not  be  missed.  '  Scenes  of  Revolutionary 
Life  in  Russia,'  by  Variag,  promise  well,  and 
show  us  the  complications  of  a  world  of  police 
and  revolutionaries. 

IN  The  Nineteenth  Century  '  Some  Reminis- 
cences of  Joseph  Knight,'  by  the  editor  of  our 
own  columns,  will  naturally  attract  our  readers. 
Several  stories  of  the  well-loved  figure  are  given, 
and  everything  may  be  regarded  as  authentic. 
The  writer  was  on  most  intimate  relations  with 
his  former  colleague,  and  has  recorded  what  he 
specially  wished  to  be  remembered.  An  interest- 
ing letter  from  Millais  to  Knight  is  included,  and 
Mr.  Charles  Boyd  adds  some  characteristic  com- 
ment  and  anecdote.  Those  who  knew  Joseph 
Knight  will  be  glad  to  see  the  radiant  side  of  his. 
personality  emphasized. 

Mr.  Stephen  Gwynn  contributes  some  good 
criticism  of  '  Mrs.  Humphry  Ward's  Novels  ' ;  and 
j  Mr.  E.  E.  Williams  has  a  timely  article  on  '  The 
Courts  and  the  Executive,'  with  reference  to  the 
recent  decisions  which  have  declared  the  views 
taken  by  various  public  departments  and  bodies 
of  their  powers  to  be  illegal.  The  matters  referred 
to  need  the  attention  of  every  one  who  believes 
in  the  freedom  supposed  to  be  an  English  right. - 
'  Liberty  of  Criticism  within  the  Church  of 
England,'  by  Mr.  Cyril  W.  Emmet,  is  an  effective 
rejoinder  to  the  Bishop  of  Winchester's  article- 
of  last  month.  There  seems  to  us  to  be  a  good 
deal  of  sense  in  what  he  says,  and,  though  we 
take  no  side  in  such  questions,  we  foel  that  the 
plain  man  wishes  for  more  of  the  spirit  and  less  of 
the  letter  of  religion  as  expounded  by  specialists. 
On  the  fundamental  facts  of  religious  life  "  all,'* 
hesays,  "areatone," — or  at  least  they  ought  to  be. 
Mr.  G.  S.  Street's  remarks  on  '  The  Social  English  ' 
are  at  once  clever  and  thoughtful.  He  detects, 
in  the  English  manners  of  the  last  twenty  years 
"  a  very  great  improvement  "  in  the  direction  of 
ease  and  naturalness.  The  '  Latest  Light  from 
Egypt  on  the  Holy  Scriptures,'  by  the  Rev.  E. 
McClure,  and  '  Smoke  Abatement,'  by  Mr.  J.  B.  C. 
Kershaw,  are  further  articles  worth  perusal. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — DECEMBER. 

AMONG  the  chief  items  in  Mr.  Alfred  Cooper's 
first  Clearance  Catalogue  are  a  reprint  of  the 
'  Aldine  Poets,'  complete  set,  21.  12s.  ;  Cassell's 
Magazine  of 'Art,  Vols.  I.-XII.,  11.  16s.  ;  '  Allge- 
meine  Weltgeschichte,  13  vols.,  21.  ;  Harrison's 
4  British  Classics,'  complete,  8  vols.,  1785,  11.  4s.  ; 
Hugo's  Novels,  13  vols.  (as  new),  21.  10s.  ;  and 
the  '  Library  of  Famous  Literature,'  20  vols.,  21. 
There  are  also  a  number  of  cantatas,  and  five 
pages  of  books  at  a  shilling  each. 

Mr.  Bertram  Dobell  sends  two  Catalogues. 
In  No.  200  are  first  and  early  editions  of  Milton, 
including  an  uncut  copy  of  '  Eikonpklastes,'  45Z.  ; 
first  editions  of  Keats's  '  Lamia,'  65L,  and 
'  Endymion,'  65Z.,  fine  copies  in  their  original 
boards  ;  and  many  other  choice  items. 


480 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  9, 1911. 


No.  201  contains  books  on  the  Drama,  Draughts, 
Scottish  History  and  Literature,  and  belles- 
lettres  in  general. 

Mr.  W.  Downing  of  Birmingham  opens  his 
Catalogue  508  with  '  The  Great  Masters  in  the 
Louvre  Gallery,'  containing  24  large  plates  in 
colours  and  240  other  illustrations,  12  parts, 
folio,  20Z.  net  (published  at  96Z.  net).  Another 
important  illustrated  work  is  Hassell's  '  Pictur- 
esque Rides  and  Walks,'  120  plates,  2  vols.,  1817, 
12Z.  12s.  '  The  Newgate  Calendar,'  illustrated  by 
Cruikshank,  4  vols.,  1824,  is  61.  Qs.  There  are 
lists  under  Egyptian  and  Chaldean  Antiquities 
and  under  Facetiae,  besides  books  printed  by 
Pickering  and  at  the  Riccardi  Press. 

Messrs.  Drayton  &  Sons  of  Exeter  send  two 
Catalogues.  No.  231  includes  Burgoyne's  '  Ex- 
pedition from  Canada,'  1780,  21.  2s.  ;  '  Sublime 
Views  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland,'  241  plates, 
complete  in  5  vols.,  31.  3s.  ;  and  Punch,  first 
39  vols.  in  20,  21.  10s.  There  is  also  a  list  of 
over  50  works  on  American  Indians,  including 
volumes  with  coloured  plates. 

No.  232  is  a  short  list  of  Books  for  Sermon- 
Makers  and  Students,  and  comprises  Hastings's 
'  Bible  Dictionary,'  5  vols.  ;  '  Encyclopedia 
Biblica,'  4  vols.  ;  and  books  by  Faber,  Liddon, 
Lightfoot,  Joseph  Parker,  and  others. 

Mr.  H.  G.  Gadney  of  Oxford  includes  in  his 
Catalogue  XXXV,  '  Bibliotheca  Classica  Latina,' 
143  vols.,  boards,  1819-26,  SI.  8s.  ;  Wilkes's 
'  English  Moths,'  1773,  21.  10s.  ;  Hakluyt's 
'  Principal  Navigation,  Voyages,'  &c.,  16  vols.  in 
17,  cloth,  1885-90,  61.  6s.  ;  Morris's  '  British 
Birds,'  6  vols.,  cloth,  1870,  31.  15s.  ;  and  Blake's 
'  Marriage  of  Heaven  and  Hell,'  Muir's  coloured 
reprint,  1885,  31.  15s. 

The  Christmas  Catalogue  of  Mr.  William 
Glaisher  contains  a  collection  of  books  illustrated 
in  colours.  We  mention  a  few,  putting  the  price 
at  publication  in  parentheses  :  '  The  Assisi  of 
St.  Francis  '  (20s.  net),  7s.  ;  Prof.  Margoliouth's 
'  Cairo,  Jerusalem,  and  Damascus  '  (42s.  net),  15s.  ; 
Liddell's  'China:  its  Marvel  and  Mystery'  (21s. 
net),  6s.  6d.  ;  '  Kent,'  by  Teignmouth  Shore  (20s. 
net),  6s.  6d.  ;  '  London  to  the  Nore,'  by  W.  L. 
Wyllie  (20s.  net),  6s.  Qd.  ;  '  The  Rhine,'  by  H.  J. 
Mackinder  (20s.  net),  7s.  ;  '  Switzerland  :  the 
Country  and  its  People,'  by  Clarence  Rook  (20s. 
net),  7s.  ;  and  'Hampshire,'  with  coloured  plates 
by  Wilfrid  Ball  (20s.  net),  6s.  Qd.  The  Catalogue 
also  contains  biographies  and  general  literature. 

Mr.  John  Grant  of  Edinburgh  makes  his  Cata- 
logue of  Second-Hand  Books  easy  of  reference 
by  introducing  many  sub-headings,  such  as 
Alpine  and  Climbing  Literature,  Bibles  and 
Prayer-Books,  Chess  Books,  Fine  Arts,  Genea- 
logy and  Heraldry,  Natural  History,  Occult 
Literature,  and  Sporting  Literature.  The  section 
devoted  to  Scottish  Literature  is  naturally  im- 
portant, and  includes  Sir  William  Eraser's 

Elphinstone  Family  Book,'  2  vols.,  51.  5s.  ; 
'  Memorials  of  the  Earls  of  Haddington,'  2  vols., 
51.  5s.  ;  and  '  Earls  of  Leven,'  3  vols.,  61.,  all 
privately  printed.  Among  the  general  entries 
we  note  a  complete  set  of  the  English  Dialect 
Society's  Publications,  bound  in  34  vols.,  111.  lls.  ; 
a  set  of  the  '  International  Scientific  Series,' 
98  vols.,  51.  10s.  ;  a  set  of  Paxton's  Magazine  of 
Botany,  16  vols.,  1834-49,  4Z.  4s.  ;  and  the  third 
edition  of  Sowerby's  '  English  Botany,'  13  vols., 
with  2,000  coloured  plates^  1863-73,  14L  14s. 


Messrs.  Maggs  Brothers'  December  Catalogue 
of  Autograph  Letters,  Manuscripts,  &c.,  contains 
many  literary  entries  of  interest.  Under  Bronte 
are  several  unpublished  poems  by  Charlotte, 
14  pp.,  1837-8,  bound  in  levant  morocco  by 
Riviere,  125Z.  ;  three  autograph  poems  by 
Anne,  1846-7,  similarly  bound,  75Z.  ;  and  some 
poetical  pieces  by  Emily,  1836-7,  bound  in 
morocco  by  Zaehnsdorf,  75Z.  A  long  letter  from 
Mrs.  Browning  in  1859  to  the  Rev.  W.  J.  Fox, 
with  half  a  page  added  by  her  husband,  is  18Z.  18s.; 
and  one  from  Byron  to  W.  J.  Bankes  the  traveller, 
mentioning  the  sale  of  Newstead,  30Z.  There  is  an 
autograph  article  by  Dickens,  entitled  '  Eccle- 
siastical Registries,'  attacking  the  abuses  that 
formerly  existed  in  connexion  with  diocesan 
registries  of  wills,  and  bound  in  levant  morocco 
by  Riviere,  315Z.  Malone's  original  draft  pro- 
spectus of  his  '  Third  Variorum  Shakespeare  '  is 
10Z.  10s.  Swinburne's  autograph  of  a  poem  on 
Shakespeare  entitled  '  An  Autumn  Vision,' 
8  pp.  folio,  is  105Z.  By  Thackeray  is  a  pencil 
sketch  of  George  IV.  as  a  baby  in*  his  mother's 
arms,  an  illustration  for  one  of  the  articles  on 
'  The  Four  Georges,'  38Z.  Perhaps  the  most 
important  historical  document  is  the  log  kept 
by  Capt.  Bligh,  apparently  for  his  private  use, 
while  commander  of  the  Bounty,  the  last  entries 
being  made  only  four  days  before  the  mutiny, 
185Z.  A  collection  of  40  letters  from  Lady 
Caroline  Lamb,  the  friend  of  Byron,  is  85Z. 

Messrs.  B.  &  J.  F.  Meehan  send  us  their  Cata- 
logue 69,  '  Rare,  Valuable,  and  Useful  Books.' 
This  forms  the  first  part  of  a  new  series  of  cata- 
logues, for  although  it  comprises  nearly  a  thou- 
sand items,  it  extends  only  to  the  letter  H. 
Its  most  noticeable  feature  is  a  valuable  collection 
of  armorial  and  other  book-plates,  and  book-plate 
and  heraldic  literature. 

The  Winter  Catalogue  of  Mr.  J.  Thomson  of 
Portobello,  Edinburgh,  comprises  sections  devoted 
to  America,  Botany,  Sport,  Pamphlets,  &c. 

Messrs.  Henry  Young  &  Sons  of  Liverpool 
include  in  their  December  Catalogue  several 
important  items,  such  as  a  collection  of  books 
with  beautifully  painted  edges  ;  an  illuminated 
Persian  MS.  ;  the  first  edition  of  Lamb's  '  Essays 
of  Elia,'  both  series,  uncut  ;  and  Brandt's  '  Ship 
of  Fools,'  1570.  There  are  also  the  first  edition  of 
Syntax's  '  Tours  '  ;  '  The  Analysis  of  the  Hunting 
Field  '  ;  '  Life  of  a  Sportsman  '  ;  '  Life  of  John 
Mytton  '  ;  Egan's  '  Life  in  London  '  ;  Mudford's 
'Waterloo,'  and  other  books  illustrated  by 
Rowlandson,  Cruikshank,  Alken,  and  Leech. 
Collectors  of  specimens  of  early  printing,  early 
wood  engraving,  and  modern  binding  will  find 
much  that  appeals  to  them. 


t0 


EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries  '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub- 
lishers "  —  at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

H.  C.  B.,  E.  L.,  and  F.  G.  W.—  Forwarded. 

CORRIGENDUM  —P.  447  col.  2,  1.  14  from  foot,  for 
"with"  read  of. 


us.  iv. DEC.  16,  Mil.]        NOTES  AND   QUERIES. 


481 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  DECEMBER  16,  1911. 


CONTENTS. -No.  103. 

NOTES:— Ear-piercing,  481— Hampshire  :  its  Formation, 
482  —  Inscriptions  at  St.  John's,  Westminster,  484  — 
Ludgate,  485— St.  Francis  of  Assisi  and  his  Snow  Family 
—Law-Hand,  486-"  Honorificabilitudinitatibus  "  :  Early 
Use-"  Subway,"  487. 

•QUERIES  :— Drummond  of  Hawthornden— '  Dictionary  of 
Musicians'  of  1822-7,  487— County  Bibliographies— ' Cata- 
logue of  Honor '— Bardsey  Family— Eugene  Aram  :  Daniel 
Clarke — Frick  Friday — Authors  Wanted — Thekeston  or 
Thexton  Family,  488— Heraldic— Dr.  Butler's  Curious 
Pictures  in  1618— Alex.  Forbes,  1564-1617— Reeve :  Day  • 
Pyke:  Sharpe,  489— "Riding  the  high  horse"— Curly 
"N"— Welsh  Quotation  —  Money  Value— Aaron  Hugh, 
Pirate— Guild  of  the  B.V.M.  in  Dublin— "  Polilla,"  4907 

REPLIES  :— Sir  Francis  Drake,  490  —  "  Cytel "  —  Passive 
with  an  Object,  491—'  Old  Morgan  at  Panama  '—Johnson 
and  '  The  Pilgrim's  Progress '  —  Pope's  Position  at  Holy 
Communion— Maida :  Naked  Soldiers,  492— Peers  immor- 
talized by  Public-Houses—Fire-Papers,  493 -Dud  Dudley 
— R.  Anstruther,  M. P.— John  Bode— Watchmakers'  Sons 
—"All  who  love  me"— 'The  Velvet  Cushion '—Rev.  Dr. 
Ogilvie— FS=3«.  2d.,  494-King's  Theatre,  Haymarket- 
Selden :  "  Force  "— "  Swale  "—Dry  Weather  in  Nineteenth 
Century— Tailor  and  Poet,  495— Authors  Wanted— Avia- 
tion in  1811  —  Milton-next-Gravesend  —  Corporation  of 
London  and  Medical  Profession  —  Father  Conolly — 
"Broken  Counsellor "— Pontefract  Castle,  496— Penge— 
John  Addenbrook— "  Happen  "—Omar  Khayyam—'  Diary 
of  a  BlasV  497— Morland's  Inn  Sign— Dillon  on  Disraeli 
— ' '  Vive  la  Beige  "— ' '  Make  a  long  arm  "— "Dolberline,"  498 
— H.  F.  Jadis— Overing— Tweedmouth— Private  Lunatic 
Asylums— Royal  Exchange— Urban  V.'s  Name,  499. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :— Skeat  on  English  Dialects—'  Chats 
on  Postage  Stamps '— '  Pickwick '  and  '  Nicholas  Nickleby ' 
— '  Burlington'—'  National  Review.' 

OBITUARY :— Henry  Snowden  Ward. 


EAR-PIERCING. 

THE  custom  of  piercing  the  ears,  in  one  form 
or  another,  is  common  to  almost  all 
countries  and  races  of  mankind.  It  has  been 
associated,  however,  at  different  periods  and 
in  different  places,  with  widely  varied  ideas. 
First,  of  course,  there  is  the  obvious  utili- 
tarian object  in  perforating  the  lobe  of  the 
ear — that  ornaments  (or,  in  some  cases, 
amulets)  may  be  suspended  from  it.  Piercing 
for  this  purpose  has  been  practised  chiefly 
by  the  female  sex,  although  in  many 
nations  (and  even  in  our  own  during  the 
Elizabethan  period)  it  has  extended  to  the 
male  also.  Secondly,  there  is  the  practice 
of  piercing  for  medicinal  purposes,  particu- 
larly for  the  cure  of  sore  eyes,  which,  as 
numerous  kind  replies  to  a  recent  query  of 
mine  in  these  columns  have  shown,  is  still 
more  or  less  prevalent  in  this  country. 
No  doubt  the  curative  effects  of  the  little 
operation  are  in  reality  due  to  the  counter- 
irritation  thereby  set  up,  but,  unless  I  am 
much  mistaken,  the  origin  of  the  practice 
must  be  sought  in  the  once  widespread 


belief  in  the  beneficent  properties  of  gold 
when  brought  into  close  contact  with  the 
body.  Thirdly,  there  is  the  association  of 
ear-boring  with  servitude,  of  which  we  have 
the  principal  example  in  Exodus  xxi.  6  : — 

"  Then  his  master  shall  bring  him  unto  the  judges ; 
he  shall  also  bring  him  to  the  door,  or  unto  the 
door-post ;  and  his  master  shall  bore  his  ear  through 
with  an  awl ;  and  he  shall  serve  him  for  ever." 

The  same  directions  occur  in  Deuteronomy 
xv.  17,  and  doubtless  represent  a  practice 
common  amongst  Oriental  peoples  at  that 
period,  symbolizing  the  permanent  attach- 
ment of  the  domestic  slave  to  the  house  of 
his  master.  Pierced  ears  are  said  to  have 
denoted  servitude  among  the  Phoenicians. 

There  is,  however,  a  fourth  and  more 
interesting  connexion  in  which  we  meet  with 
this  custom  of  ear-piercing,  both  in  the  old 
and  new  worlds.  In  all  nations  there  are 
ceremonies  connected  with  the  period  of 
adolescence,  commonly  of  a  nature  partly 
religious  and  partly  social,  marking  the 
development  of  the  boy,  and  his  approach 
to  man's  estate.  Among  savage  and  quasi- 
civilized  peoples  some  degree  of  bodily 
suffering  usually  accompanies  these  "  rites 
of  initiation,"  designed  partly,  perhaps, 
to  propitiate  the  malignant  powers,  and 
partly  to  test  the  endurance  and  self-control 
of  the  neophyte.  As  civilization  advances, 
however,  such  ceremonies  tend  to  become 
more  and  more  purely  symbolic,  though  the 
idea  of  physical  pain  often  remains  asso- 
ciated with  them.  (Perhaps  the  "slight 
blow  on  the  cheek  "  which  accompanies  the 
Pax  tecum  of  the  bishop  in  the  Latin  rite  of 
confirmation  has  some  such  significance.) 
The  custom  of  piercing  the  ears  appears  as 
a  ceremony  of  this  nature  in  several  widely 
separated  parts  of  the  world. 

It  existed  in  ancient  Peru,  where  it  formed 
an  important  religious  ceremony,  the  young 
nobles  undergoing  it  in  the  great  Temple  of 
the  Sun.  In  the  case  of  princes  of  the  blood 
royal  the  Inca  himself  performed  the  rite, 
piercing  the  lobes  of  the  boys'  ears  with  a 
golden  pin. 

It  is  also  a  custom  of  very  ancient  usage 
in  India,  and  is  thus  described  in  Sir  M. 
Monier- Williams' s  work  on  *  Brahmanism 
and  Hinduism,'  3rd  edition,  p.  360.  He 
tells  us  that  after  the  ceremony  of  cutting 
the  hair  in  the  seventh  or  eighth  year 
"another  ceremony  followed,  called  Ear-boring 
(Karnavedha).  This  was  treated  by  some  as  a  dis- 
tinct religious  rite The  boy  was  fed  with  honey  or 

something  sweet  and  made  to  sit  down  with  his  face 
towards  the  east.  Then  two  perforations  were  made 
in  his  right  ear,  and  a  particular  Mantra  from  the 
last  hymn  of  the  Sama-veda  was  recited.  Its  first 


482 


NOTES  AND   QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  ie,  1911. 


words  may  be  thus  translated,  *  Let  us  hear  what  is 
good  with  the  ears,  let  us  see  what  is  good  with  the 
eyes.'  A  similar  operation  was  performed  on  the 
left  ear,  except  that  three  perforations  were  made 
and  a  different  Mantra  from  the  Rig-veda  (vi.  75.  3) 
recited.  The  text  may  be  thus  translated :  *  This 
bowstring  drawn  tight  upon  the  bow  and  leading  to 
success  in  battle,  repeatedly  approaches  the  ear,  as 
if  embracing  its  friend  and  wishing  to  say  something 
agreeable,  just  as  a  woman  makes  a  murmuring 
sound  (in  her  husband's  ear).'  The  only  apparent 
reason  for  reciting  this  Mantra  at  the  Karnavedha 
Sanskara  is  that  the  word  Kama  occurs  in  it." 

In  Southern  India  the  ears  are  pierced 
at  a  very  early  age,  and  in  some  places  it  is 
customary  for  the  mother  to  amputate  a 
joint  of  one  of  her  fingers  as  a  votive  offering 
to  the  gods  on  the  same  occasion.  It  is  not 
customary  to  bore  a  boy's  nostril  except 
when  an  elder  son  has  died  in  infancy,  when 
the  new-born  boy  has  a  ring  inserted  in  his 
nose,  in  the  hope  that  the  malignant  powers, 
mistaking  him  for  a  girl,  may  pass  him  over. 

In  Burmah  "  ear-boring  "  is  a  great  cere- 
mony, especially  in  the  case  of  girls,  but  one 
apparently  more  of  a  social  than  of  a  reli- 
gious character,  being  accompanied  by  much 
domestic  festivity.  An  interesting  account 
will  be  found  in  Mrs.  Forsyth's  book  'Among 
Pagodas  and  Fair  Ladies.' 

There  is  so  little  literature  on  the  subject 
that  I  have  not  been  able  to  obtain  par- 
ticulars respecting  ear-piercing  in  other 
countries  where  it  is  prevalent,  but  pro- 
bably more  or  less  of  a  religious  character 
attaches  to  the  rite  in  most  places  where 
it  is  practised  with  boys.  I  remember 
reading  in  the  '  Life  of  Lafcadio  Hearn ' 
that  he  and  his  brothers  all  wore  gold  rings 
in  their  ears  in  boyhood,  a  custom  which  was 
associated  in  idea  with  the  three  Divine 
Persons,  a  third  wound  being  made  over 
the  boy's  heart.  Perhaps  some  reader  could 
throw  further  light  on  this  subject. 

Ear-piercing  seems  to  have  been  in  vogue 
during  the  last  century  at  more  than  one 
English  public  school,  but  probably  it  would 
be  assuming  too  much  to  see  any  connexion 
between  this  form  of  the  practice  and  the 
rites  which  we  have  been  considering.  At 
the  same  time,  so  many  curious  customs  are 
found  amongst  schoolboys  that  the  fact 
may  be  just  worth  mentioning. 

These  very  fragmentary  notes  do  not,  of 
course,  furnish  sufficient  matter  on  which 
to  found  a  theory  explanatory  of  the  sym- 
bolism attaching  to  the  rite  of  ear-piercing, 
but  the  idea  naturally  suggests  itself  that 
in  some  cases  a  connexion  may  exist  between 
this  custom  and  the  ancient  notion  which 
associates  the  external  ear  in  a  peculiar 
way  with  the  amative  faculties.  Toying 


with,  kissing,  and  playfully  biting  the  ears 
of  the  beloved  were  well-known  expressions 
of  amour  in  the  ancient  world,  and  it  is 
difficult  to  avoid  the  inference  that  the  jewel 
which  the  Athenian  boys  are  said  to  have 
worn  in  the  right  ear  was  of  erotic  signifi- 
cance. In  any  case,  the  custom  appears 
to  be  deserving  of  closer  attention  than  it 
has  yet  received  from  anthropologists  and' 
students  of  folk-lore.  E.  H.  C. 


HAMPSHIRE  :    ITS   FORMATION. 

IT  has  been  shown  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  (11  S.  ii.  212) 
that  the  totals  of  the  county  hidages  recorded 
in  Domesday  Book  agree  very  closely  with 
the  hidage  for  Mercia  and  Wessex  given  in 
the  '  Tribal  Hidage  '  ;  further,  that  the  gross 
totals  may  be  divided  into  parallel  groups 
exhibiting  a  like  correspondence.  Such 
grouping  must  be  tentative  at  first,  but 
may  in  time  lead  to  the  identification  of 
all  or  most  of  those  unknown  tribal  districts 
which  are  the  difficulty  of  the  list. 

Hampshire  provides  an  opportunity  for 
testing  the  parallel  suggested.  It  was 
already  a  well-defined  district  in  755  ('  A.-S. 
Chron.'),  though  the  name,  of  course,  may 
not  be  so  early.  Further,  we  have  Bede's 
statement  that  Wight  had  1,200  hides  about 
660.  This  would  be  an  excessive  number 
for  the  island  alone,  although  Bede  appears 
to  have  understood  it  so,*  but  may  easily  be 
accepted  if  the  Jutish  settlements  on  the 
mainland  be  included.  The  limits  of  these 
are  fairly  clear,  as  indicated  in  Mr.  R.  A. 
Smith's  article  in  the  '  Victoria  History  of 
Hampshire  '  (i.  373n.),  being  formed  by  a 
line  E.S.E.  from  King's  Somborne  to  Chi- 
chester,  with  the  addition  of  the  Meon 
Valley.  For  the  Domesday  Survey  Mr.  J.  H. 
Round's  articles  in  the  '  Victoria  History  ' 
have  been  used  in  the  following  attempt. 

The  hundred  divisions  existing  in  1086 
cannot  be  regarded  as  primitive,  especially 
in  the  centre  of  the  county,  but  taking  them 
as  they  stand  we  obtain  the  following  results, 
omitting  fractions  :  Isle  of  Wight,  200  hides  ; 
New  Forest,  258  ;  Southampton  district, 

*  Bede  gives  300  hides  to  Thanet,  which  has 
26,000  acres  ;  on  the  same  liberal  scale  Wight,  with 
93,000  acres,  might  have  had  over  1,000  hides.  It 
is  interesting  to  note  that  Kent  and  Surrey  together 
have  1,480,000  acres,  which  number  is  reduced  to- 
1,300,000  if  about  one -eighth  is  allowed  for  the 
former  excessive  amount  of  woodland  and  heath  in 
those  counties.  On  the  scale  of  Thanet  they-could 
then  contain  the  15,000  hides  assigned  to  Kent  in. 
the  '  Tribal  Hidage.' 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  16, 1911.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


483 


241  ;  Meon  district,  322  ;  Porchester  dis- 
trict, 142  ; — 1,163  in  all.  This  is  not  very 
far  from  Bede's  1,200  hides,  and  part,  at 
least,  of  the  defect  will  be  explained  later. 
One  section  of  these  figures  may  be  ques- 
tioned, viz.,  the  inclusion  of  the  hundreds  of 
King's  Somborne  (111  hides)  and  Buddles- 

fate  (39)  in  the  Southampton  district, 
heir  southern  parts  (e.g.,  Netley)  are  cer- 
tainly within  the  Jutish  limit,  but  the 
northern  parts  are  outside.  Domesday 
Book  records  that  to  the  manor  of  King's 
Somborne  belonged  the  soke  of  two  hun- 
dreds, and  these  were  probably  the  hundreds 
last  named.  They  had  150  hides  between 
them,  as  if  forming  the  moiety  of  an  older 
district  of  300  hides  from  which  they  had 
been  parted.  The  other  150  hides  may  have 
been  around  Southampton,  but  possibly 
should  rather  be  sought  at  Winchester. 
Here,  Mr.  Smith  (in  the  article  referred 
to)  argues,  the  Britons  long  retained  a 
district  or  little  kingdom,  which  ultimately 
fell  to  the  West  Saxon  king  without  strife. 
Such  an  addition  to  his  realm  might  explain 
the  king's  gift  of  Winchester  to  the  church 
there,  for  it  would  probably  be  easier  for 
him  to  grant  newly  acquired  territory  than 
to  alienate  part  of  his  hereditary  lands. 

If  King's  Somborne  and  Buddlesgate 
cannot  be  included  in  the  Jutish  sphere, 
compensation  for  their  150  hides  must  be 
found  in  the  central  hundreds  of  Esselie  and 
Fawley  ;  in  justification  it  can  be  pointed 
out  that  the  51  hides  in  Alresford  included 
4  hides  in  Soberton,  in  the  Meon  country. 

Domesday  Book  reveals  a  close  connexion 
between  the  Isle  of  Wight  and  the  New 
Forest  district ;  each  of  the  seven  hundreds 
in  the  latter  had  hides  in  the  Island  appur- 
tenant to  one  or  more  of  its  manors.  Per- 
haps the  true  figures  for  these  districts  were  : 
Wight,  250  hides  ;  New  Forest,  208. 

The  central  hundreds  of  Hampshire  were 
Fawley  (97  hides)  with  Falmere  (1),  Esselie 
(34),  and  Mantesberg  (77  or  83§).  To  these 
an  addition  must  be  made  on  account  of  the 
ancient  reduction  of  the  100  hides  of  Chil- 
combe  to  1  (in  Falmere).  Maitland  has 
pointed  out  ('D.B.  and  Beyond,'  496-8) 
that  most  of  this  reduction  had  been  re- 
covered before  1086,  only  28  hides  being 
missing  then.  The  true  total  will  thus  be 
237,  and  perhaps  another  50  should  be  added 
for  Winchester,  which  is  not  described  in 
Domesday  Book.  An  original  central  group 
of  300  hides  is  thus  suggested. 

In  the  northern  half  of  the  county  two 
noteworthy  groupings,  each  of  six  "  hun- 
dreds," appear  in  early  records  around 


Basingstoke  and  Wallop.  In  1274  the 
former  group  of  six  hundreds  consisted 
of  Basingstoke,  Burmanspit,  Hodington, 
Overton,  Holdshott,  and  Chuteley.  With 
Hodington  should  probably  be  taken  the 
Domesday  hundreds  of  Odiham  and  Edefel. 
There  were  438  hides  in  these  eight  hundreds. 
If  to  these  be  added  the  50  hides  of  the 
monastic  manor-hundred  of  Crundle,  cut 
off  the  outer  edge,  and  the  104£  of  the  ad- 
jacent Neatham,  a  total  of  592^  hides — in- 
round  numbers,  600 — is  obtained  for  this  com- 
pact north-eastern  quarter  of  the  county, 
a  district  that  was  little  or  not  at  all  inter- 
fered with  by  outlying  members  in  or  of 
other  hundreds.  The  argument  is  that  a 
primitive  group  of  600  hides  in  six  "  hun- 
dreds "  was  cut  down  by  successive  par- 
titions to  about  400  hides,  the  tradition 
being  maintained  all  along  by  assigning 
six  "  hundreds  "  to  the  central  manor. 

The  six  hundreds  appurtenant  to  Wallop 
in  1086 — paying  the  "third  penny  "  to  it— — 
are  not  known,  but  (following  indications 
afforded  by  Andover  deanery)  were  probably 
Broughton  (107  hides),  Andover  (122), 
Welford  (67),  Evinger  (98),  Hurstbourne  (19), 
and  Clere  (56),  having  a  total  of  469  hides. 
If  to  these  be  added  Barton  Stacey  (41)  and 
Micheldever  (116),  we  obtain  626  hides. 
These  probably  embrace  the  600  hides  which 
may  be  conceived  as  the  primitive  canton  of 
Wallop.  Of  the  hundreds  named,  Welford, 
Evinger,  and  Micheldever  are  artificial 
monastic  hundreds,  and  the  last  is  composed 
of  members  in  several  parts  of  the  county, 
viz.,  Micheldever  proper,  Cranbourne  to  the 
west,  Durley  and  Curdridge  near  Bishop's 
Waltham  (in  the  Jutish  district),  Farley 
Chamberlain,  Candover,  and  Abbot's  Worthy 
(see  Mr.  F.  Baring's  '  Domesday  Tables,'  192). 
The  apparent  excess  of  26  hides  may  there- 
fore reasonably  be  added  to  supply  defects 
in  the  Southampton  hidage,  and  then  (as 
already  hinted)  there  will  appear  some 
indication  that  there  was  anciently  a  dis- 
trict of  300  hides  around  that  town. 

The  recorded  hidage  of  the  county  is 
2,620,  without  making  any  allowance  for 
Winchester  or  for  Southampton.  Probably, 
therefore,  the  standard  or  ideal  hidage  was 
2,700,  thus  grouped  : — 

North-east    ...    Basingstoke...    600  hides. 
North-west   ...    Wallop         ...    600    ,, 
Central          ...    Winchester...     300    „ 
South  ...    Wight         ...   1200    „ 

It  has  already  been  suggested  in  '  N.  &  Q.' 
that  in  the  '  Tribal  Hidage  '  the  1,200  hides 
of  Wight  are  the  sum  of  those  of  the  Gifla 
(300),  Hicca  (300),  and  Wihtgara  (600).  The 


484 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  DEO.  ie,  1911. 


Winchester  group  may  be  the  300  of  Sweor- 
dora  ;  and  the  600  hides  each  of  the  East 
and  West  Willa  may  possibly  be  the  origin 
of  the  groups  round  Basingstoke  and  Wallop. 
Now  that  we  have  proceeded  thus  far, 
wider  deductions  at  once  offer  themselves. 
May  not  the  northern  half  of  Hampshire  be 
the  extreme  southern  limit  of  the  Chiltern- 
dwellers'  country  ?  If  so,  their  4,000  hides 
would  occupy  a  compact  area  on  both  sides 
of  the  Thames,  thus  : — 

North  Hampshire 1200  hides. 

Central  and  East  Berks...  1200  „ 
South  Oxford  (Chil tern)...  ?  750  „ 
South  Bucks  ,,  ...  750  ,, 
Hertfordshire  (Tring)  ...  100  „ 

According  to  Mr.  Baring's  '  Domesday 
Tables  '  there  were  1,180  hides  in  Berkshire 
from  Bray  westward  to  Kintbury,  748  in  the 
Aylesbury  and  (present)  Chiltern  hundreds 
of  Buckingham,,  and  100  in  Tring.  The 
Oxford  hidage  I  have  not  been  able  to  study, 
but  the  Chiltern  Hundreds  of  that  county 
were  the  "  4|  hundreds  "  round  Bensington 
or  Benson,  an  ancient  royal  manor  ;  and 
the  remaining  hides  may  perhaps  be  found 
in  Thame  and  Dorchester.  The  Berkshire 
1,200  divide  into  two  groups  of  about  600 
hides  each.  The  remainder  of  Berkshire 
(excluding  Abingdon  Abbey's  100  hides  of 
Hornier)  had  1,212  hides,  apparently  the 
1,200  hides  of  the  Unecungga  (or  Wantage). 
If  the  Berkshire  hundreds  be  arranged 
somewhat  differently,  viz.,  upon  the  lines 
of  the  old  rural  deaneries,  the  following 
hidages  result  :  Reading  (451)  and  Walling- 
ford  (117),  568;  Newbury,  654;  Abingdon 
(the  north  end  of  the  county,  including 
Wantage),  1,280.  J.  BBOWNBILL. 


INSCRIPTIONS    IN    BURIAL-GROUND 
OF  ST.  JOHN'S,  WESTMINSTER, 

(See  ante,  pp.  302,  403.) 

IN  my  earlier  articles  I  gave  the  inscriptions 
on  headstones  in  this  burial-ground.  I  now 
record  those  on 

STONES  LYING  FLAT.       EAST  WALL. 

Beginning  at  the  south  end. 

163.  Jane  Brocken,   d.   Aug.    16,    1804,   a.    18. 
Also  Jane,  w.  of  Mr.  John  Brocken,  mother  of  the 
above,   d.   Aug.    1,    1818,   a.   67.     Also  Mr.   John 
Brocken,  d.  Aug.  4,  1833,  a.  76.     Also  Mr.  George 
Brocken,    d.   Mar.   25,    1837,   a.    52.     Mrs.    Mary 
Ann  Brocken,  d.  Feb.  23,  1846,  a.  6(3). 

164.  Richard  —  Hillary,  [s.  of]  —  Hillary,  of 
[Horsefe]rry  Road,  d.  19  Feb.,  1843,  a.  6  mths. 
Also   Mr.    Richard   Hillary,   f.    of   the   above,    d. 

•2  April,  —4,  a.  5(2). 


165.  Mrs.  Jane,  [w.  of]  [J]ohn  H[owis]  of  fMill]- 
bank,   d.   — ,   a.   71.      Also  the  above  Mr.   John 
Howis,  d.  14  Feb.,  1808,  a.  76. 

166.  The  family  of  John  and  Elizabeth  Apple- 
ford.     Six  children  who  died  from  8  days  to  12 
years  and  5  weeks  old:    Ann,  d.  11  April,  1803. 
Harriot,   d.    13  April,   1809.     James,   d.   8  Aug., 
1814.     Sarah,    d.    16    Aug.,    1814.     Charles,    d. 
1  Sept.,   1814.     John,  d.   11  March,   1817.     Also 
Alfred  Anthony,    d.  20  Oct,  1817,  a.  2  yrs.  1  m. 
Eliza,  d.  18  March,  1823,  in  her  13th  year. 

167.  Elizabeth,    d.    of   James   and    [Eliza]beth 
Monnington.     Also  Thom[as]  [Monn]ington,  [who 
died  in  in]fancy.     Also  Mr.  J —  Monnington,  f.  of 
the  above,   d.   19  July,   1831,   a.   67.     Also  Mrs. 
Susanna  Washington,  d.  of  the  above,  d.  2  Aug., 
1831,  a.  35.     Also  Elizabeth  Monnington,  w.  of 
the  [above]  Mr.  James  M — . .  .  .in  her  75th  year. 

168 a.  57  yrs Also  Sarah  St[anton], 

w.  of  the  ....who  departed  this. ..  .September 
the.... aged  61  yrs.  Also  Mary  Baldwin,  sister 
of  the  above  Sarah  Stanton ....  departed  this  life 
30  Dec.,  — ,  aged  78. 

169 ber,  1814 Fanny Hewson,  (widow?) 

of  the  above, (15)  May,  1836,  a.  78.  Also 

of . .  .  .bertson. .  .  .to  the  above, . .  .  .Dec.,  1842, 
a.  — . 

170 Langley,  Esq.,  [of  La]ngley  Lodge 

in  the....  of  Tipperarv,  Ireland, ....  d.  16  June, 
180-,  a.  46. 

171 Miles a.  66.  Also  the  body  of 

Mrs.  Mary  Miles,  w.  of  the  above  Mr.  John  Miles, 
d.  12  Oct.,  1819,  a.  46.  Also  the  above  Mr.  John 
Miles,  d.  25  Feb.,  1829,  a.  86. 

172.  Isaac    Wilkinson,    late    of    Knightsbridge, 
d.  10  May,  1802,  a.  52.     An  affectionate  husband, 
a  tenderilfather. 

173.  Mary  Gallant,  d.  30  Sept.,   1739,  a.  6(1). 
Also    William    Gallant,    husband    of    the    above, 
d.  30  Oct.,  1755,  a.  78. 

174.  [Illegible.] 

175.  [Illegible.] 

176.  Mr.    Valne    Chittock,    d.    13    Nov.,     1786, 
a.    50.     Sarah    Chittock    [died]    10    May,    1796, 
a.   58.     Also  Mr.  William  Chittock,   d.  28   Nov., 
1834,  in  his  69th  year.     Harriot,  w.  of  Mr.  John 
Chittock,    of    this    p.,    d.    Jan.    19,    1836,    a.    63. 
Catherine  Matilda,  w.  of  the  above  Mr.  William 
Chittock,  d.  Feb.  — ,  1838,  a.  — .     Mr.  John  Chit- 
[tock]  d.  April   ...  .in  his  77th  year. 

177 Morris,  of  this  p.,  d.  —  Jan.,   1812 

,    and  Ann  his  w.,   d.   at  Staines,    11    Oct., 

1833,  in  her  79th  year. 

178.  Charles  Heath,  builder,  of  Bentinck 
Street,  St.  Mary  le  bone,  d.  Sept.  8,  1804,  a.  76. 
Susannah  Heath,  w  of  the  above,  d.  April  7, 
1784,  a.  62.  And  four  of  their  chn.,  namely, 
2  sons  and  2  daughters,  the  eldest  of  whom, 
Catherine,  w.  of  James  Gray,  of  St.  Giles  in  the 
Fields,  d.  Jan.  6,  1778,  a.  22. 

Let  not  thine  eye  this  tomb  inspect 
And  still  the  duty  of  thy  Soul  neglect. 
Also  Mrs.  Sarah  Millard,  niece  to  the  above  Mr. 
Charles  Heath,  w.  of  Mr.  Thomas  Millard,  Corn 
Factor,    of    St.    Marylebone,    d.    12    Dec.,    1818, 
a.    (5)8.     The    above    Mr.    Thomas    Millard,    d. 
27  May,  1825,  a.  65. 

179 Thomas 

180.  [Illegible.] 

181.  Mary  Ann  Hollands,  d.  June  7,  1810,  a.  7. 
Frederick  Hollands,  d.  Feb.   11,   1821,  a.  5  yrs. 
9  mths.     John  Hollands,  f.  of  the  above,  d.  Sept. 


n  s.  iv.  DEC.  16,  MI.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


485- 


16,  1827,  a.  50.     Emma  Hollands,  w.  of  the  above, 
d.  Nov.  29,  1837,  a.  61. 

182.  Martha,  d.  of  William  and  Elizabeth 
Halding,  d.  26  Dec.,  1830,  in  her  fourth  year. 
E(m)ily,  d.  of  the  above,  d.  1  Nov.,  (183)1,  a. 

—  months. 

183 rth(a)    Pa —    of    the    above, 

d.  29  Aug.,  1849,  a.  65. 

184.  Eli died  6  Dec.,   1843,  in  her  52nd 

year.     Also  Mary  Badcock,  mother  of  the  above, 
d.  Dec.  22,  1847,  a.  79.     Also  Mary  Walby,  d. 
March  20,  1853. 

185.  Mr.  John  Gough,    late  Quarter- Master  of 
the  Royal  East  Middlesex  Militia,  and  Governor 
of     H.M.     General     Penitentiary,     Millbank,     d. 
9  July,  1824,  in  his  51st  year,  leaving  a  wid.  and 
5    children.     Mary   Euphemia,    3rd    dau.    of   the 
above,  died  of  a  decline,  2  March,   1843,  a.  26. 
James  Latham  Clarke,  son-in-law  of  the  above,  d. 
after  a  few  hours'  illness,  1  Sept.,  1849,  a.  42. 

186.  William  James  Horton,  d.  25  July,  1846, 
a.  5  months.     Herbert  Horton,  d.  20  Dec.,  1850, 
a.  3  months. 

187.  Mrs.  Ann  Mallet,  d.  29  Feb.,  1812,  a.  68. 
Mr.  William  Mallet,  d.  25  Nov.,  1825,  a.  51.     Mr. 
John  Miller,  son-in-law  of  Mrs.  Ann  Mallet,  d.  Oct.  1 , 
1830,  a.   70.     Sarah  Maria  Haselwood,  grand-dau. 
of  John  Miller,  d.  June  12,   1836,  a.   11  weeks. 
Mr.    William   Miller,    [so]n   of    Mr.    John   Miller, 
d.  Jan.  20,  1837,  a.  37.     Mrs.  Sarah  Canter  Miller, 

—  of  the  above  Mr.  John  Miller,  d.  — ,  1853,  a.  80. 

188.  Robert     Jeffries,     of     2nd    Battn.    Cold- 
stream  Guards,  d.  Oct.  12,  1837,  a.  23.     Son  of 
John  and  Mary  Jeffries,  of  Swardstone,  Norfolk. 

189.  Two   children   of   William   and   Elizabeth 
Blackburn,    of   Millbank   Street,    namely,  James, 
d.  Feb.  14,  1801,  a.  3  ;    John,  d.  Feb.  20,  1803, 
a.  6  yrs.  7  mths.     Also  four  (sic)  children  of  the 
above  :    Ann,   d.  Sept.  28,   1805,  a.   4  ;    Edwd., 
d.  Aug.   21,    1807,  a.   7  yrs.   7  mths.  ;    John,   d. 
Dec.  3,  1800,  a.  3  yrs.  3  mths.  ;   Grace,  d.  Jan.  11, 
1810,   a.    1   yr.   7  mths.  ;     George,   d.   March   13, 
1820,  a.  3  yrs.  10  mths.     Also 

190.  Five  chn.  of  John  and  Susanna  Blackburn, 
of    Millbank    Street,   namely,  John    Mitchell,    d. 
Aug.  10,  1789,  a.  9  mths.  15  days  ;    Mary,  d.  Dec. 
24,    1796,    a.    4   yrs.    5   mths.    16    days  ;     Edwd. 
Deady,  d.  May  20,    — ,  a.  3  mths.  ;      Elizabeth, 
d.'Mar.  25,1802,  a.   1  yr.  8  m'ths ;  Mary  Ann,  d. 
Sept.  3,  1804,  a.  4  yrs.  14  days.     Also  the  above 
Susanna  Blackburn,  d.  Jan.  — ,  1805,  a.  4(1)  years. 
Also  [S]ara[h]  Elizabeth,  daughter 

191.  Sarah,    w.    of    Mr.    Be[njamin]    Thomas, 

farrier,    late    ,    d.    Oct.    -,    1791.     Also    Mr. 

Benjamin  [Thomas],  s.  of  the  above,  d.  Oct.  7, 
179(1),  a.  20.     Also  Mr.  Benjamin  Thomas,  husb. 
of  the  above  Sarah,  d.  April  22,  1805,  a.  62.     Mr. 
Thomas  Street,  son-in-law  of    Mr.  B.    Thomas, 
d.  Nov.,  1805.     Mary  Ann  Street,  —  of  the  above, 
d.  July,  1831. 

192.  Mr.  John  White,  of  Vine  Street,  d.  Sept.  — , 
a.    48.     Mrs.    Elizabeth    White,    mother    of    the 
above,  d.  Dec.  23,  1803,  a.  72.     Mr.  John  Francis 
White,  s.  of  Mr.  John  White,  d.  Sept.  27,  1804, 
a.   24.     Mrs.  Jane  Marsh,   d.  22   Sept.,    1812,   in 
her  72nd  year.     Mrs.  Ann  Maria  White,  relict  of 
Mr.  John  White,  d.  9  Jan.,  1827. 

193.  In  memory  of  Olivia  Selby,  Mary  Selby, 
Robert   Selby,    Robert    (sic)    Selby,    and   Fanny 
Selby,  chn.  of  Mr.  Robert  Walmisley  and  Eliza- 
beth his  w.,  who  each  died  under  10  mths.  old. 


194 Mr.   Robert  D — ,  s.  of  the  above* 

[d.]  Nov.  12,  — ,  a  21.     [Cha]rles  Robert,   [s.  of] 

Willi[am]    Daniel,    a.    10    mths [Mar  ?]y 

Daniel Mark  Daniel 1825. 

195.  William,  s.  of  William  and  (Mary)  Gifford, 
of  this  p.,  d.  June,  1810,  a.  (3)  yrs.  8  mths.  17  days.. 
John  Humphery  Gifford,  d.  10  Aug.,  1810,  a.  I  yr. 
10  mths.  28  days.     Mr.  Richard  Gifford,  d.  19  Oct., 
1829,    a.    26.     Mrs.    Mary    Gifford,    d,    12    Dec.r 
1836,  a.  53. 

196.  William     Jeremiah    Atkins     Watson,     bv 
2  March,  1811  ;    d.  2(8)  March,  1812,  a.  12  mths. 
2(6)  days.     Mr.  James  Atkins,  d.  30  Dec.,  1818, 
a.  78. 

A  faithful  Friend,  a  Father  dear, 
A  loving  Husband  lieth  here  ; 
In  peace  he  lived,  in  peace  he  died, 
Who  craved  his  life,  but  was  denied. 

Mary  Ann  Neve,  d.  2  July,  1822,  a.  8  mths. 
Mrs.  Sarah  Hunt,  d.  29  March,  1828,  a.  45.  Mrs. 
Adriana  Atkins,  d.  Oct.,  182(8),*a.  82. 

197.  Mary     Catherine,     d.     of     William     and 
Susjannah]   Waterhouse,   late   of   Smith   Square> 
d.  29  Oct.,  1823,  a.  46.     Mrs.  Elizabeth  Bas[s],. 
eldest  dau.  of  the  above  [Sus]annah  Waterhouse, 

widow  of  [Geor]ge  Bass,  R.N first  discovered 

[Bass's  Stra]ights  [sic],  which and  which. . . .. 

N[e]w  [So]uth  Wales, [Van  Di]eman's  La[ndJ 

died  23  Ju..  a.  56. 

198.  Mr.  Robert  Minns,  d.  5  April,  1791,  a.  42. 
Six  of  his  chn.  who  died  in  their  infancy :  Robert, 
James,   John  Cordy,    Stephen,   Hannah,   Robert 
[second].  Mary  Morrel,  granddau.  of  the  above,  d^ 

2  Feb.,  1806,  a.  3  yrs.  7  mths.  2  days.     Also 

1814. 

199.  Matthew    Lamb,    s.    of    Edward    Lamb* 
Solicitor  at  Daventry,  Northants,  and  Catherine 
—  Parsons,  his  w.,  d.  in  this  p.  23  April,  182(3  or  5), 
a.  32,  and  was  bur.  26  April.     This  stone  was 
restored  by  his  brother-in-law,  F.  R.  Philp,  M.D.* 
Cantab.,  in  June,  1878. 

200.  [T]hom[a]s   Hirsele(y),   of  this  p.,   brick- 
layer, d.  Sept.  3,  1731,  in  his  50th  year. 

G.  S.  PARRY,  Lieut.-CoL 
17,  Ashley  Mansions,  S.W. 

(To  be  continued.) 


LUDGATE. — In  The  Hampstead  and  High- 
gate  Express  for  11  November  is  a  report  of 
a  lecture  by  Sir  Laurence  Gomme  OIL 
'  Ancient  London,'  in  which  the  following 
passage  occurs  :  "  The  name  '  Ludgate  ' 
was  itself  a  Celtic  survival,  Lud  being  a 
Celtic  god  of  water  worship."  It  is  perhaps 
rash  to  differ  from  so  high  an  authority  as 
Sir  Laurence  Gomme,  but  before  accepting 
this  statement,  I  think  it  would  be  well  to* 
have  something  in  the  nature  of  historical 
evidence.  According  to  Sir  John  Rhys, 
Nudd  or  Lludd  was  a  Celtic  god  of  the  sea  f 
but  London  was  not  situated  on  the  sea, 
and  it  seems  improbable  that  the  Anglo- 
Saxons,  in  naming  the  gate,  would  have 


486 


NOTES  AND  Q  UERIES.         [ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  ie,  1911. 


had  recourse  to  an  ancient  god  whose  wor- 
ship had  expired  some  five  or  six  hundred 
years  previously.  If  we  wish  for  an 
Anglo-Saxon  eponym,  Luda,  Lude,  and 
Ludda,  with  many  dithematic  forms,  will 
be  found  in  Mr.  Searle's  '  Onomasticon 
Anglo- Saxonicum.'  Some  people  have  de- 
rived the  name  of  "  Billingsgate  "  from  the 
Celtic  god  Belenos  or  Belinos,  which  is 
found  in  the  regal  name  Cunobelinos  (Cym- 
beline),  but  there  is  surely  no  need  to  go 
beyond  the  well-known  A.-S.  "  Billing."  If 
a  personal  name  is  discredited,  we  have  the 
A.-S.  word  "  hlidgeat  "  or  "  hlydgeat,"  a 
postern  which  separated  the  city  from  the 
fields  beyond.  This  long  survived  as  "  lid- 
gate,"  a  field  gate,  as  well  as  in  the  proper 
names  Lydgate,  Lidgett,  Leggett,  &c.  Bos- 
worth  in  his  '  Compendious  Anglo-Saxon 
and  English  Dictionary '  gives  the  form 
"  ludgeat,"  a  postern  gate.  I  hardly 
think  that  Ludgate  was  one  of  the  more 
ancient  of  the  City  portals,  as  I  cannot 
find  it  mentioned  before  the  beginning  of 
the  fourteenth  century. 

W.  F.  PBIDEAUX. 

ST.  FRANCIS  OF  ASSISI  AND  HIS  SNOW 
FAMILY. — In  St.  Bonaventura's  biography 
of  St.  Francis  of  Assisi  we  are  told  of  a 
"  grievous  temptation  of  the  flesh  "  by  which 
he  was  beset.  After  scourging  himself  he 
went  into  the  garden,  and,  thrusting  his 
naked  body  into  a  great  snow  heap,  began 
to  pile  up  seven  heaps  of  snow  : — 

"  Behold,"  said  he,  "  this  larger  heap  is  thy 
wife,  these  four  be  two  sons  and  two  daughters, 
the  other  two  are  a  man  servant  and  a  maid 
servant,  that  thou  must  have  to  serve  thee. 
Bestir  thee  to  clothe  them,  for  they  be  perishing 
with  cold.  But  if  many  cares  for  them  trouble 
thee,  take  thou  care  to  serve  the  One  Lord." — 
Chap.  v.  s.  iv. 

A  curious  anticipation'of  the  spirit  of  this 
story  may  be  found  at  a  much  earlier  date. 
In  Dr.  E.  A.  Wallis  Budge's  translation  of 
the  Syriac  '  Paradise  or  Garden  of  the 
Holy  Fathers ....  of  the  Deserts  of  Egypt 
between  A.D.  250  and  A.D.  400  circiter ' 
(London,  1907,  vol.  ii.  p.  127,  No.  564)  there 
is^the  following  anecdote  : — 

"  There  was  a  certain  old  man  who  lived  in  a 
cell,  and  his  thoughts  said  unto  him,  '  Go,  take 
to  thyself  a  woman  '  ;  then  he  rose  up  straight- 
way and  kneaded  together  some  mud,  and  made 
thejfigure  of  a  woman,  and  he  said  to  himself, 
'  Behold  thy  wife  !  it  is  necessary  for  thee  to 
labour  with  all  thy  might  that  thou  mayest  be 
able  to  feed  her.'  And  he  laboured  with  his 
hands  and  twisted  many  ropes.  Then  after  a  few 
days  he  rose  up  and  made  the  figure  of  a  woman, 
and  said  unto  his  thoughts,  '  Behold,  thy  wife 


hath  brought  forth,  it  is  necessary  for  thee  to 
work  harder  to  keep  thy  wife  and  to  clothe  thy 
daughter  '  ;  and  thus  doing  he  vexed  his  body 
sorely.  And  he  said  unto  his  thought,  '  I  cannot 
bear  this  work,  and  since  I  am  unable  to  bear 
the  work,  a  wife  is  unnecessary  for  me  '  ;  and 
God  saw  his  labour,  and  did  away  his  thoughts, 
and  he  had  peace." 

WILLIAM  E.  A.  AXON. 
Manchester. 


LAW-HAND. —  The  following  passages  occur 
in  a  long  article  on  '  English  Handwriting  ' 
in  The  Times  Literary  Supplement  of 
2  November : — 

"Our  legal  documents ....  their  only  merit 
is  legibility ....  no  writing  was  ever  more  legible 
than  the  average  lawyer's  deed  of  the  present 
day ....  nothing  more  inartistic  has  ever  been 
produced ....  In  the  miraculously  finished  '  black- 
letter  Gothic  '  of  ecclesiastical  books  in  the 

fifteenth    century,    experts   easily   detect two 

pens  were  certainly  used,  a  thick  one  and  a  fine 
one." 

I  have  seen  a  considerable  number  of  deeds 
of  the  present  day,  many  of  them  in  a  com- 
monplace commercial  hand,  often  ill  done 
and  not  very  legible.  Law-hand  has  de- 
teriorated since  the  time  of  Charles  I.  In 
the  Commonwealth  it  was  very  bad.  But 
a  debased  imitation  of  the  old  hand,  with 
the  leading  words  in  what  was  called 
German  text,  was  not  unusual  in  the -last 
century.  I  served  under  articles  in  a  con- 
veyancing office  in  a  large  Northern  town 
from  1864  to  1869,  and  I  can  say  that  the 
use  of  two  pens  did  not  need  to  be  detected 
by  an  expert.  Our  engrossing  clerks  al- 
ways used  two  pens  for  the  leading  words 
in  large  characters.  The  thick  strokes 
were  done  by  a  wood  pen,  made  by  the  clerk 
himself,  by  simply  cutting  the  top  of  his 
penholder  into  the  required  shape.  They 
were  then  finished  by  the  ordinary  steel  pen. 
The  red  border-lines  were  drawn  by  a  tin 
pen,  a  cylinder  nipped  at  the  lower  end  so 
as  to  leave  a  narrow  exit  for  the  special 
liquid.  The  spacing  for  the  writing  lines  was 
marked  by  a  wheel-pricker. 

The  surface  of  the  skin  was  prepared  by 
the  application  of  pounce,  put  on  by  a  flat 
ball  of  rubber.  This  was  to  counteract 
greasiness,  to  fill  up  any  slightly  porous 
places,  and  to  give  a  better  bite  for  the  pen. 
As  pounce  is  destructive  to  cloth,  the  clerks 
had  black  holland  sleeves  to  draw  over  their 
arms.  Book-form  deeds,  which  have  the 
.disadvantage  of  necessitating  writing  on  the 
wrong  side  of  the  parchment,  had  not  been 
invented.  We  never  divided  a  word  at  the 
j  end  of  a  line,  and  never  punctuated.  The 
i  '  Legal  Notices '  printed,  e.g.  in  The  Times, 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  IB,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


487 


show  that  this  last  rule  is  still  observed  by 
some  lawyers. 

Indenting  is  still  kept  up,  but  it  has  no 
practical  value,  and  its  meaning  is  unknown 
to  the  average  scribe.  In  1869  I  visited 
Gray's  Inn  and  saw  tin  candlesticks,  and 
sand  for  blotting-paper,  still  in  use.  These 
may  be  matters  of  common  knowledge  to 
many  persons,  but  they  will  be  new  to  general 
readers,  and  deserve  to  be  recorded. 

W.  C.  B. 

"  HONOBIFICABILITTJDINITATIBTJS":  EARLY 

USE. — Mr.  Salisbury,  of  the  Record  Office, 
tells  me  that  he  has  found  this  word  on  the 
cover  of  Subsidy  Rolls  of  the  time  of  Ed- 
ward I.,  which  have  been  used  again  as  a 
cover  for  a  rental  of  45  Ed.  III.  The 
handwriting  of  the  word  would  be  of  about 
the  end  of  the  fifteenth  century,  and  it 
was  evidently  intended  only  as  an  exercise 
in  penmanship. 

It  is  strange  how  the  Baconians  build  so 
much  on  this  long  word,  since  Shakespeare 
puts  it  into  the  mouth  of  the  clown  Costard, 
-as  if  very  common  property. 

C.  C.  STOPES. 

"SUBWAY."  — Visitors  between  the 
Mother-Country  and  the  States  must  have 
been  puzzled  by  this  word  on  first  noticing 
it  posted  up  in  a  strange  city,  the  truth  being 
that  its  current  use  differs  materially  in  the 
two  countries.  In  the  crowded  thorough- 
fares of  London,  as  at  the  Mansion  House, 
**  sub  way"  denotes  a  passage  for  pedestrians 
leading  under  one  or  more  streets,  by  which 
they  can  cross  safely  from  one  side  of  the 
road  to  the  other.  In  Boston,  New  York, 
Philadelphia,  and  Chicago,  on  the  contrary, 
though  the  term  may  be  applied  to  an  under- 
ground way  constructed  to  relieve  the 
traffic  of  pedestrians  and  vehicles  in  a  con- 
gested centre,  it  is  mostly  confined  to  a 
subterraneous  electric  railroad  built,  not, 
like  the  "  tubes"  in  London,  at  a  consider- 
able depth,  but  close  to  the  surface,  and 
easily  accessible  by  a  short  flight  of 
steps,  as  in  the  London  Underground 
Railway.  The  New  York  Subway,  with 
a,n  extent  of  some  25  miles,  including 
the  tracks  for  local  and  express  trains, 
has  been  so  designated  since  it  was 
opened  in  1905. 

Both  in  England  and  America,  however, 
the  underground  passages  that  contain  the 
telegraph  wires,  gas  pipes,  and  water  mains 
-are  still  known  by  the  same  name. 

N.  W.  HILL. 
New  York. 


(Qmrus. 

WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
>n  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


DRUMMOND  OF  HAWTHORNDEN. — Being 
engaged  in  the  preparation  of  a  critical 
edition  of  the  poetical  works  of  William 
Drummond  of  Hawthornden,  I  should  be 
grateful  for  information  which  would  enable 
me  to  locate  a  copy  of  the  original  editions 
of  the  following  works  : — 

(1)  The    first    edition  of    'Teares  on  the 
Death  of   Meliades '    (Edinburgh,    1613).     I 
have   not  succeeded  in   finding  the  where- 
abouts of  Corser's  copy,  or  of  the  copy  that 
was  once  in  the  library  of  the  University  of 
Edinburgh. 

(2)  The  second  edition  of  '  Teares  on  the 
Death  of  Meliades,'   of  which  no  copy  so 
far  has  been  traced. 

(3)  '  The  Entertainment  of  the  high  and 
mighty  Monarch  Charles . . . . '    (Edinburgh, 
1633). 

(4)  '  To  the  Exequies  of   the  Honovrable 
Sr.  Antonye  Alexander,  Knight . .  .  . '  (Edin- 
burgh, 1638). 

More  than  one  of  Drummond' s  works 
are  still  registered  in  the  catalogues  of 
various  Scottish  libraries,  from  the  shelves 
of  which  they  have  long  since  mysteriously 
disappeared.  L.  E.  KASTNER. 

University  of  Manchester. 

'  THE  DICTIONARY  OF  MUSICIANS  '  OF 
1822-7.  —  Being  engaged,  with  the  assist- 
ance of  Mr.  Louis  A.  Klemantaski  and  other 
collaborators,  on  a  '  Dictionary  of  Writers 
on  Music,'  which  will  contain  consider- 
ably more  than  5,000  entries,  I  am  most 
anxious  to  include  notices  of  the  editor  and 
compilers  of  '  The  Dictionary  of  Musicians  ' 
(London,  Sainsbury,  1822-7).  In  the  article 
on  '  Dictionaries  of  Music  '  in  Grove's  book 
it  is  stated  :  "  As  regards  biography,  'The 
Dictionary  of  Musicians '  (2  vols.,  8vo, 
1822-7),  though  good  in  intention,  is 
imperfectly  carried  out."  There  is  no  indi- 
cation as  to  the  names  of  the  old  compilers  ; 
but  the  late  Sir  George  Grove  and  Mr.  J.  A. 
Fuller  Maitland's  contributors  in  several 
instances  incorporate  in  their  own  articles 
acknowledged  quotations  from  the  older 
work.  The  '  Dictionary,'  published  by 
Sainsbury,  with  the  exception  of  notices  of 
contemporary  English  musicians,  is  mainly 
based  on  French  and  German  works  and 
Burney's  and  Hawkins's  histories.  It  was 


488 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        m  s.  iv.  DEC.  IB,  1911. 


the  only  dictionary  of  its  kind  in  the  English 
language  for  more  than  half  a  century,  and 
the  editor  and  his  staff  of  writers  and  trans- 
lators are  deserving  of  a  niche  in  a  '  Diction- 
ary of  Writers  on  Music.'  Perhaps  some 
readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  can  oblige  me  with 
information  on  the  subject. 

ANDBEW  DE  TEBNANT. 
25,  Speenham  Road,  Brixton,  S.W. 

COUNTY  BIBLIOGRAPHIES. — I  shall  be  glad 
to  know  what  County  Bibliographies 
exist,  especially  topographical  ones,  besides 
the  following  : — 

Cornwall — Bibliotheca  Cornubiensis,  Boase  and 
Courtney,  1874. 

Devon — Bib.  Devoniensis,  J.  Davidson,  1852. 

Dorset — Bib.  Dorsetiensis,  Canon  Mayo,  1885. 

Hampshire — Bib.  Hantoniensis,  H.  M.  Gilbert, 
1872. 

Hereford — Bib.  Herefordiensis,  J.  Allen,  1821. 

Kent — Bib.  Cantiana,  J.  R.  Smith,  1837. 

Lancashire — Bib.  Lancastriensis,  Albert  Button, 
1898. 

Somerset— Somerset  Bibliography,  E.  Green,  1902. 

Staffordshire — Bib.  Staffordiensis,  Rupert  Siinms, 
1894. 

Surrey — A  Collation  of  Topographical  Works  re- 
lating to  Surrey,  by  ?,  1838. 

Sussex — Topographia  Sussexiana,  G.  S.  Butler, 
1866. 

There  are  also  several  General  Catalogues  : 
Upcott,  1818  ;  Hotten,  1863  ;  Anderson, 
1881.  Most  of  these  are  now  pretty  ancient. 

E.  A.  FRY. 
227,  Strand. 

'  THE  CATALOGUE  OF  HONOR.' — I  have 
found  among  some  old  papers  a  quotation 
from  a  book — apparently  ancient — bearing 
the  above  title.  Can  any  one  enlighten  me 
as  to  the  work  in  question  ?  A  direct  reply 
would  much  oblige  me. 

RICHABD  EDGCUMBE. 

Edgbarrow,  Crowthorne,  Berks. 

BABDSEY  FAMILY. — Christopher  Bardsey 
was  Rector  of  Asfordby  and  Vicar  of  Scalford 
c.  1560-62,  residing  at  the  latter  (Nichols's 
'  Leicestershire,'  ii.  pt.  i.  p.  316  ;  iii.  pt.  i. 
p.  17).  Can  any  of  the  readers  of  '  N".  &  Q.' 
give  any  information  about  him,  especially 
the  dates  of  his  institution  and  death  ? 
James,  son  and  heir  of  James  Bardsey  of 
Little  Gonerby,  near  Grantham,  was  aged 
18  in  1634  (Heralds'  Coll.  MS.  c.  23).  Is 
anything  further  known  of  him  ? 

H.  INCE  ANDEBTON. 

28,  Via  Gino  Capponi,  Florence. 

EUGENE  ABAM  :  DANIEL  CLABKE.  —  Can 
any  correspondent  give  me  (a)  the  verdict 
on  the  remains  discovered  at  Thistle  Hill 
—those  at  St.  Robert's  Cave  were  found  to 
be  Clarke's,  murdered  by  Houseman  and 


Aram  ;  and  (b)  a  reference  to  any  old  news- 
papers advertising  Clarke  as  missing  ?  Those 
I  have  searched  contain  nothing ;  but 
Philip  Coates  swore  he  was  advertised  for.. 
Please  reply  direct.  EBIC  R.  WATSON. 
45,  Charlwood  Street,  S.W. 

FBICK  FBIDAY. — Can  any  one  tell  the- 
origin  and  meaning  of  "  Frick "  Friday, 
applied,  it  seems,  to  the  Friday  in  Whitsun 
week  ? 

"Hocketyde  and  the  ffrycke  ffryday  —  by  the 
handes  of  or  wyves  and  vs  and  for  the  gatherynge 
of  the  sonnes  and  doughters  and  servants,  40s." — 
Churchwardens'  Accounts  of  St.  Edward  and 
St.  Thomas,  Sarura,  p.  280. 

An  entry  for  the  year  preceding  this  (1557-8) 
refers  to  gatherings  at  "  Hocketyde  and  the 
ffriday  in  the  Whitsun'  weke  "  (ib.,  p.  279). 
M.  DOBMEB  HABBIS. 

AUTHOBS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — 

Spiritus  non  potest  habitare  in  sicso. 
I  have  seen  this  dictum  attributed  to 
St.  Augustine,  but  I  could  not  find  it  in  his 
'  Opera,'  even  with  the  aid  of  an  index 
locupletissimus.  Can  any  one  tell  me  where 
it  hides  ?  B. 

Copenhagen. 

Can  any  reader  tell  me  who  were  the- 
authors  of  the  following  ? — 

1.  Affection  never  to  be  weaned  nor  changed 
By  any  change  of  fortune,  proof  alike 
Against  unkindness,  absence,  and  neglect : 
Fidelity,  that  neither  bribe  nor  threat 
Can  move  nor  ward 

2.  I  knew  not  what  it  was  to  die, 
But  knew  my  master  did  not  sleep. 

(Repeated  from  US.  iii.  388.) 

F.  D.  WESLEY, 

I  shall  be  glad  to  know  whence  comes  the 
following  line,  than  which  a  truer  was  seldom 
penned: — 

Call  it  but  pleasure,  and  the  pill  goes  down. 

W.  B.  C. 

THEKESTON  OB  THEXTON  FAMILY  OF 
YOBKSHIBE  &c. — An  inquiry  appeared  in 
'  N.  &  Q.'  of  1  June,  1872,  about  Sir  William 
Thekeston,  Kt.,  of  Flixton,  Suffolk,  in  regard 
to  which  I  can  give  a  little  information. 

William  Thekeston  or  Thexton  was  the 
son  and  heir  of  Sir  Richard  Thekeston,  Kt., 
who  lived  in  the  reigns  of  Elizabeth  and 
James  I.,  and  was  lord  of  the  manors  of 
Sedbergh,  Bedale,  Burneston,  and  Exelby, 
and  owner  of  extensive  estates  round  about 
Bedale,  including  that  of  Thekeston.  Sir 
Richard  Thekeston  is  stated  to  have  been 
a  merchant  in  London,  and  he  had  a  house 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  16,  ion.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


489 


and  garden  in  Charter-House  Churchyard 
and  Charter-House  Lane.  He. was  knighted 
by  James  I.  in  1603,  and  died  in  1609, 
leaving,  apparently,  one-third  of  his  York- 
shire estates  and  London  property  to  his 
son  and  heir  William,  then  5£  years  old. 
William  Thekeston,  son  of  Sir  Richard, 
married  at  Flixton,  Suffolk,  in  1624,  Dorothy 
Tasburgh,  gentlewoman,  and  he  was  knighted 
the  same  year.  He  died  and  was  buried  at 
Flixton  in  1649.  Administration  of  his 
estate  had  been  granted  that  year  to  three 
guardians  on  behalf  of  his  son  and  heir 
Richard,  late  of  Reedham,  who  in  1659 
attained  full  age,  when  "commission"  was 
granted  to  him.  He  seems  to  have  lived 
later  in  Surrey  (see  The  Ancestor,  vol.  iii. 
p.  140). 

The  family  was  presumably  of  Yorkshire 
descent,  and  connected  with  other  Yorkshire 
families  of  the  same  surname,  which  were 
fairly  numerous  in  the  seventeenth  century, 
as  proved  by  records  which  I  have  collated. 
I  wish  to  discover  the  age,  birthplace,  and 
parentage  of  Sir  Richard  Thekeston  of 
Thekeston.  Probably  he  was  born  between 
1520  and  1560.  Also,  I  should  like  to  find 
out  what  crest  and  motto  he  used  with  the 
coat  of  arms  (confirmed  in  1587).  Will 
any  readers  interested  in  the  Thekeston 
ancestry  communicate  with  me  ? 

HENRY  THEAKSTON. 

Spanish  Buildings,  Stanley  Street,  Liverpool. 

HERALDIC. — Could  any  of  your  readers 
kindly  identify  the  following  arms  ? — 

(1)  On    a    chevron    three    crosses  pattee 
between   three   bucks   passant.     (This   coat 
is  impaled  with  the  arms  of  Weld  of  Lul- 
worth,  but  I  can  find  no  family  connected 
with  the  Welds  bearing  these  arms.) 

(2)  Arg.,  on  a  fesse  azure  between  three 
horses  courant,  three  roundles  of  the  first. 
Arms  borne  circa  1800  on  a  shield  of  pretence 
by    a    widow    of    a   Walford    of    Sibthorp, 
Oxfordshire.  A.  FORTESCUE. 

Sprydoncote,  Exeter. 

DR.  BUTLER'S  CURIOUS  PICTURES  IN 
1618. — Amongst  the  goods  of  the  eccentric 
Dr.  Butler  of  Cambridge,  when  he  died 
in  1618,  are  enumerated  a  number  of 
pictures  : — 

"  Fifty-two  pictures  of  limned  work  and  divers 
sentences  written  on  tables,  valued  at  51.  10s. 

"  Eight  alabaster  pictures,  51. 

"Three  prospective  pictures  at  30s. 

"  Two  stone  pictures,  two  steel  pictures, 
two  ivory  pictures,  a  silk  picture,  an  enamelled 

§icture,    divers    small    pictures, — these    last    six 
bems,  with  a  bottle  of  ivory,  a  snakeskin,  and  an 
ostrich  egg,  are  valued  at  30s." 


What  weret  hese  various  pictures  ?  Dr. 
Butler  was  wel  known  during  his  lifetime 
as  being  fonder  of  curiosities  than  money, 
and  he  seems  to  have  been  successful  in  his 
hobby.  W.  M.  PALMER,  M.D. 

Linton,  Cambs. 

ALEXANDER  FORBES  (1564-1617). — The 
'  Dictionary  of  National  Biography  '  says  : — 

"Alexander  Forbes  (1564-1617),  bishop  of 
Aberdeen,  belonged  to  the  Brux  branch  of  the 
Forbes  family.  He  was  the  son  of  John  Forbes 
of  Ardmurdo  in  Aberdeenshire,  by  his  second  wife, 

a  daughter  of  Graham  of  Morphie One  of  his 

sons,  John  Forbes,  [was]  minister  of  Auchterless 
....  another,  Colonel  William  Forbes,  is  probably 
the  same  as  an  officer  of  that  name  and  rank  in 
the  army  of  Montrose." 

A  bishop  of  Aberdeen  was  a  son  of  William 
Forbes  of  Ar[d]murdo.  A  William  Forbes, 
colonel  in  the  army  of  Montrose,  was  a  sou 
of  George  Forbes  of  Skellater  by  Euphemia, 
daughter  of  William  Skene  of  Auchtererne. 

Will  some  of  your  readers  inform  me  if 
Alexander  Forbes  (1564-1617),  Bishop  of 
Aberdeen,  was  the  son  of  John  Forbes  ;  OP, 
if  not,  who  was  his  father  ?  Was  the  noted 
colonel  in  the  army  of  Montrose  a  son  of 
George  Forbes  of  Skellater  ?  J.  F.  J. 

Minneapolis. 

REEVE  :  DAY  :  PYKE  :  SHARPE. — The 
will  of  Richard  Pyke  of  Chelmsford,  Essex, 
dated  1726  (cf.  10  S.  viii.  44),  mentions  the 
testator's  granddaughters  Mary  Bland  and 
Jane  Day.  His  son,  William  Pyke  of  Green- 
wich, in  his  will,  dated  1727  (ibid.,  p.  45), 
mentions 

"  loving  niece  Mary  Reeve,  late  Mary  Bland,  fully 
provided  for  by  my  late  dear  father  Richard  Pyke  ; 
cousin  Archibald  Bruce  and  his  wife." 

"  Will  of  Richard  Day,  of  Epping,  Essex, 
aged  ;  grandson  Sir  Richard  Day  Jenoure  ;  kins- 
man Francis  Reeve,  citizen  and  tobacconist." — 
P.C.C.,  Reg.  Spurway,  folio  224  ;  circa  1740. 

'  Lewisham  Marriages  '  (p.  157)  shows  : — 

"  1742,  May  20.  James  Turpin  of  St.  Mary, 
Whitechapel,  and  Eleanor  Reeve  of  East  Green- 
wich." 

The  marriage  register  of  St.  Bene't, 
Paul's  Wharf  (London,  1910,  p.  179), 
contains  this  : — 

"  1718,  Oct.  10.  Thomas  Bruce  of  St.  Margaret, 
Westminster,  Midx.,  B.  and  Frances  Sharpe 
of  St.  James,  Westminster,  Midx.,  S.  — Cf.  ante, 
p.  217. 

In  the  Faculty  Office  Marriage  Licences 
we  find  : — 

"  1710,  Sept.  26.  Richard  Day  and  Mary 
Watkins."— P.  255. 

"  1704,  Dec.  22.  Henry  Attfield  and  Sarah 
Day."— P.  210. 


490 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  ie,  wn, 


I  should  be  very  grateful  for  any  further 
evidence  of  the  family  of  Reeve  being  related 
to  that  of  Day  or  Pyke. 

EUGENE  F.  McPiKE. 

135,  Park  Row,  Chicago. 

"  RIDING  THE  HIGH  HORSE." — I  have 
often  queried,  mentally,  the  origin  of  this 
saying  without  arriving  at  any  satisfactory 
solution.  The  nearest  approach  thereto 
occurs  in  a  phrase  I  read  in  'Lord  Herbert 
of  Cherbury  '  (Routledge)  :  "  The  exercises 
I  recommended  to  my  posterity  were  riding 
'  the  great  horse.'  '  Sir  Sidney  Lee's 
foot-note  is  very  helpful :  "  '  Great  horses  ' 
=  the  Roman  dextrarii,  French  destrier,  from 
dextra,  meaning  those  requiring  considerable 
art  in  management  as  opposed  to  palfreys 
and  nags."  "  Great  horses,"  big,  bony 
horses  of  the  Clydesdale  type,  were  needed 
in  the  seventeenth  century  to  carry  the 
heavily  armoured  men.  Bat  what  is  the 
'  '(high  horse  ' '  of  the  proverb  ? 

M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

CURLY  "  N." — In  old  charters  many 
words  ending  in  n  have  the  mark  *"  above 
this  letter.  What  is  its  meaning  ?  It  is 
sometimes  said  that  it  is  a  contraction 
mark  indicating  that  a  letter  following  n 
has  been  omitted  ;  in  some  names  it  seems 
to  indicate  that  the  letter  is  n,  and  not  u. 

JOHN  MILNE. 

Aberdeen. 

WELSH  QUOTATION.  —  Will  any  of 
your  Welsh  readers  tell  me  whether  they 
have  met  with  the  quotation  in  old  Welsh, 
"  Y  ddioddeuoedd  y  oruy,"  in  Biblical  or 
other  Welsh  literature  ?  The  date  is  1627. 

G.  B.  M. 

MONEY  VALUE. — What  is  the  value  meant 
by  such  statements  in  old  documents  as  the 
following  :  "  200  pounds  of  silver,"  "  25 
pounds  of  gold  "  ?  F.  R.  F. 

AARON  HUGH,  PIRATE. — I  should  be  much 
obliged  if  some  reader  could  give  me  infor- 
mation about  this  person,  who  circa  1770 
was  a  pirate,  and  afterwards  resided, 
and  died,  in  or  near  London  between  1821 
and  April,  1824.  LEWIS  HUGHES. 

49,  Emerald  Street,  Roath,  Cardiff. 

"  GUILD  OR  FRATERNITY  OF  THE  BLESSED 
VIRGIN  MARY  "  in  Dublin  at  the  end  of  the 
eighteenth  century.  What  was  this  ? 

W.  ROBERTS  CROW. 

"  POLILLA." — What  is  the  etymology  of 
this  Spanish  word,  which  means  moth  ? 

J.  M. 


SIR    FRANCIS    DRAKE: 

GIFFARD     OF     HALSBURY. 

(11  S.  iv.  347,  414.) 

THAT  Sir  Francis  Drake  was  "  specially  ad- 
mitted" a  member  of  the  Inner  Temple  in 
January,  1582/3,  is  indisputable.  The 
original  entry  is  to  be  found  in  the  "  Ad- 
mission Books"  1506-89,  fol.  203.  The 
fine  at  the  discretion  of  the  treasurer  was 
Drobably  quite  nominal.  In  any  case, 
there  would  be  no  record  of  payment, 
as  in  special  admissions  there  are  no  fees 
"  to  the  House."  Your  correspondent 
MEDIO-TEMPLARIUS  asks  the  pertinent  ques- 
tion, ' '  Is  there  a  known  instance  of  any  one 
as  early  as  the  reign  of  Elizabeth  being  a 
member  of  both  Inns  ?  "  I  know  of  none. 
It  should  be  noted  that  the  names  of 
Frobisher,  Vere,  and  Norris  were  entered  in 
the  Middle  Temple  books  on  the  same  day. 
They  were  admitted  en  bloc  and  causa 
honoris.  Hawkins  was  admitted  a  year 
later.  The  name  of  Drake  does  not  appear, 
the  obvious  explanation  being  that,  ten  years 
previously,  he  had  been  admitted  a  member 
of  the  Inner  Temple,  and  was  thus  precluded 
from  joining  another  Inn.  As  Mr.  Inderwick 
points  out,  Drake  had  many  friends  in  the  Inn 
to  which  he  was  admitted.  His  great  patron 
Robert  Dudley,  Earl  of  Leicester,  was  also 
"the  Palaphilos  [sic]  and  great  patron  of 
the  Inn." 

It  may  be  noted  that  Sir  Thomas 
Risdon,  who  was  present  at  the  Parliament 
at  which  Drake  was  admitted,  was  a 
Devonian  whose  biography  is  set  out  in 
Prince's  '  Worthies '  (p.  545).  Here,  for 
preservation  in  '  N.  &  Q.,'  may  be  recorded 
the  fact  that  Sir  Thomas  Risdon  died  at  a 
great  age.  Admitted  to  his  Inn  in  1553,  he 
was  made  a  Bencher  in  1568,  and  he  lived 
until  October,  1641.  His  mother  was  a 
Giffard  of  Halsbury.  At  this  present  time 
Lord  Halsbury  is  senior  Bencher  of  the  same 
Inn.  He  was  born  in  1825,  called  to  the  Bar 
in  1850,  and  made  a  Bencher  in  1865.  A  full 
and  accurate  pedigree  of  the  Giffards  is  given 
in  Burke's  'Peerage.'  It  was  compiled,  I 
understand,  by  John  Walter  de  Longueville 
Giffard,  sometime  a  judge  of  County  Courts, 
and  eldest  brother  of  Lord  Halsbury. 

It  would  be  interesting  to  know  if  longevity 
was  a  marked  characteristic  of  the  family. 
J.  E.  LATTON  PICKERING. 

Inner  Temple  Library. 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  16,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


491 


"  CYTEL  "  IN  ANGLO-SAXON  NAMES  (11  S. 
iv.  187,  233,  434).— I  am  sorry  to  see  the 
hope  expressed  that  it  may  be  possible  to 
derive  Churchill  from  Thurcytel.  It  is  like 
saying  that  the  derivation  of  dog  from  an 
A.-S.  docga  is  a  poor,  tame  thing,  and  that 
we  ought  not  to  rest  satisfied  till  we  can 
•derive  dog  from  the  A.-S.  cat.  Seeing  that 
there  are  four  places  in  England  called 
Churchill,  and  two  called  Church  Hill,  a 
plain  man  may  be  pardoned  for  hoping 
that  we  may  derive  Churchill  from  church 
and  hill.  There  is  no  point  in  upholding 
"  corruption  "  as  being  the  only  true  method. 

I  do  not  find  that  Canon  Bardsley  notes 
the  "  unlikely  change "  of  Anketil  into 
Arkell.  On  the  contrary  he  derives 
Anketil  from  Arnketil  with  omission  of  r, 
a,nd  Arkell  from  the  same  with  the  omission 
of  n  —  the  two  processes  being  separate, 
different,  and  incapable  of  transference. 
Because  the  English  tooth  is  cognate  with 
the  G.  Zahn,  it  does  not  at  all  follow  that 
one  of  these  forms  can  pass  into  the  other 
by  any  form  of  borrowing. 

I  cannot  continue  a  discussion  of  this 
question,  but  I  can  only  record  my  entire 
dissent  from  many  of  the  theories  that  have 
been  advanced ;  and  I  cannot  see  what 
good  can  result  from  throwing  all  phonetic 
laws  to  the  four  winds. 

I  further  protest  against  accepting 
Bardsley  as  an  infallible  guide.  His  infor- 
mation is  most  valuable,  but  we  must  test 
his  conclusions.  WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

"  I     AM     PAID     REGULAR     WAGES  "  :       THE 

PASSIVE  WITH  AN  OBJECT  (11  S.  iv.  287,  356, 
437). — To  DR.  KRUEGER'S  question  as  to 
whether  the  retained  object  with  a  passive 
verb  has  come  into  general  use  in  English,  I 
think  the  answer  must  in  general  be  a  nega- 
tive one.  As  for  the  grammarians,  it  is 
recognized,  for  example,  by  Knapp  ('  The 
Elements  of  English  Grammar,'  New  York, 
1908,  p.  148),  Webster  ('The  Elements  of 
Eng.  Grammar,'  Boston,  1904,  p.  139), 
Emerson  and  Bender  ( '  English  Spoken  and 
Written,'  Book  III.,  New  York,  1910,  p.  165), 
MacEwan  ('  The  Essentials  of  the  English 
Sentence,'  Boston,  1900,  p.  147),  Whitney 
('  Essentials  of  Eng.  Grammar,'  Boston, 
1877,  p.  130),  West  ('The  Elements  of  Eng. 
Grammar,'  Cambridge,  Eng.,  1893,  pp.  138, 
225),  Onions  ('An  Advanced  Eng.  Syntax,' 
2nd  ed.,  London,  1905,  p.  41,  with  com- 
ments), Powell  and  Connolly  ('A  Rational 
Grammar  of  the  Eng.  Lang.,'  New  York, 
1899,  p.  254),  and  H.  A.  Davidson  ('A  Guide 
to  Eng.  Syntax,'  Albany,  N.Y.,  1903,  pp.  19, 


31).  It  is  apparently  ignored  as  an  un- 
desirable or  rare  construction  by  Kittredge 
and  Arnold  ('  The  Mother  Tongue,'  Book  II., 
Boston,  1903),  Metcalf  ('Eng.  Grammar  for 
Common  Schools,'  New  York,  1894),  Blount 
and  Northup  ('An  Elementary  Eng.  Gram- 
mar,' New  York,  1911),  and  Earle  ('A  Simple 
Grammar  of  English  now  in  Use,'  London, 
1897).  If  it  is  discussed  in  'The  King's 
English'  (Oxford,  1906),  I  have  failed  to 
find  it.  Personally  I  dislike  the  construc- 
tion ;  and  some  of  my  colleagues  in  the 
Department  of  English  tell  me  they  share 
in  this  aversion.  The  construction  is,  of 
course,  wholly  illogical,  and  results  from 
slovenly  thinking  in  turning  the  active 
construction  into  a  passive  one.  In  "  He 
gave  me  a  watch,"  me  is  not  the  recipient  of 
the  action  ;  in  "  He  gave  me  away,"  me  is 
the  recipient  of  the  action.  The  folk-mind 
is  too  dull  to  observe  this  distinction  ;  thus 
arises  such  a  monstrosity  as  "I  was  given 
a  watch." 

While  I  believe  the  majority  of  good 
writers  still  avoid  this  construction,  I  must 
admit  that  it  occurs  in  the  writing  of  many 
of  some  repute.  I  have  lately  noted  the 
following  instances,  most  of  them  from 
current  periodicals  : — 

"  The  authorities  in  Richmond  must  be  taught 
a  lesson." — Joseph  E.  Johnston,  quoted  by 
Thomas  Nelson  Page,  Scribner's  Magazine,  Nov., 
1911,  1.  583,  col.  1. 

"  Later  he  was  offered  the  chair  of  chemistry 
at  Purdue  University." — Arthur  Wallace  Dunn, 
The  World's  Work,  Nov.,  1911,  xxiii.  31,  col.  2. 

"  Students  must  be  taught  to  use  their  own 
language  with  purity  and  propriety." — Thomas 
R.  Lounsbury,  Harper's  Mag.,  Nov.,  1911,  cxxiii. 
867,  col.  2. 

"  Sir  Wilfrid  was  fully  persuaded  that  his  policy 
would  strengthen  both  Canada  and  the  Crown." — 
Earl  Grey,  quoted  in  The  Independent,  2  Nov., 
1911,  Ixxi.  944,  col.  1. 

"  Mearns  and  Loring  were  notified  by  a  couple 
of  Masai  that  two  lions  had  killed  a  zebra  a  few 
miles  off." — Theodore  Roosevelt,  The  National 
Geographic  Mag.,  Jan.,  1911,  xxii.  28,  col.  1. 

"  Neither  government  nor  associations  of  la- 
borers can  be  permitted  to  overlook  or  defeat  the 
great  ends  of  freedom." — Editorial  article  in  The 
Century,  Sept.,  1911,  Ixxxii.  783,  col.  1. 

"  Scarcely  a  year  passed  that  he  was  not  voted 
substantial  gifts." — A.  C.  McGiffert,  in  same, 
p.  724,  col.  2. 

"  I  am  spared  describing,  and  you  are  spared 

reading  about,  the  ancestry of  Colonel  and 

Mrs.  Teddington  Fyles."— C.  B.  Fernald,  in  same, 
p.  765,  col.  2. 

"  Among  some  tribes  of  Dyaks  the  champion  is 
paid  his  fee  whether  he  wins  or  loses."— Ed wm  H. 
Gomes,  The  National  Geographic  Mag.,  Aug.,  If  11, 

"If  we  may  be  permitted  to  judge  the  future 
by  what  has  been  achieved  during  the  last  decade 


492 


NOTES  AND  Q  UERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  DEO.  ie,  ion. 


in  the  cause  of  peace,  I  think  it  will  richly  deserve 
this  title." — Cardinal  Gibbons,  The  Century  Mag., 
June,  1911,  Ixxxii.  306,  col.  1. 

If  one  insists  on  using  a  passive  construc- 
tion, it  is,  of  course,  difficult  to  avoid  this 
"retained  object."  But  the  passive  is  not 
inevitable,  and  in  many  cases  an  active  verb, 
being  more  forcible,  will  prove  more  effective. 
CLARK  S.  NORTHTJP. 

Ithaca,  N.Y. 

'  OLD  MORGAN  AT  PANAMA  '  (11  S.  iv.  408). 
—The  writer  of  this  spirited  effusion  was 
George  Ellis  Inman,  whose  name  is  attached 
to  the  poem  in  most  editions  of  '  The  Bentley 
Ballads,'  if  not  all ;  and  also  in  Bentley's 
Miscellany,  where  it  was  first  published  in 
1839.  A  brief  memoir  of  Inman  will  be 
found  in  '  D.N.B.,'  vol.  xxix.,  by  Mr. 
Francis  Watt.  R.  B. 

In  a  copy  of  the  '  Bentley  Ballads,'  edited 
by  John  Sheehan,  the  poem  is  printed  with 
a  note  to  the  effect  that  G.  E.  Inman,  the 
writer,  was  a  wine  merchant  in  the  City  of 
London,  who,  "  returning  home  late  one 
night  through  Hyde  Park ....  fell  into  the 
Serpentine,  and  was  drowned."  It  is  added 
that  he  wrote  a  couple  of  other  poems, 
which  were  also  published  in  Bentley' s 
Miscellany.  No  dates  are  given  in  this  note. 
H.  C.  CRAWLEY. 

[CoL.  R.  J.  FYNMORE  is  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

DR.  JOHNSON  AND  '  THE  PILGRIM'S  PRO- 
GRESS '  (11  S.  iv.  408).— I  wonder  what  will 
next  be  heaped  upon  Dr.  Johnson's  memory. 
I  cannot  say  of  my  own  knowledge  that  he 
did  not  think  "  '  The  Pilgrim's  Progress  '  a 
stupid  and  barbarous  book,"  but  it  is  most 
unlikely  that  he  held  any  such  illiterate 
opinion.  As  soon  as  I  read  MR.  WHITE'S 
query  I  remembered  the  anecdote  which 
I  now  quote  from  Croker's  Boswell's  '  Life 
of  Johnson,'  Appendix  V.,  p.  838  : — • 

"  Bishop  Percy  was  at  one  time  on  a  very  inti- 
mate footing  with  Dr.  Johnson,  and  the  Doctor 
one  day  took  Percy's  little  daughter  upon  his 
knee,  and  asked  her  what  she  thought  of  '  Pilgrim's 
Progress  '  ?  The  child  answered  that  she  had 
not  read  it.  '  No  !  '  replied  the  Doctor  ;  '  then 
I  would  not  give  one  farthing  for  you  '  ;  and  he 
set  her  down  and  took  no  further  notice  of  her." 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

THE  POPE'S  POSITION  AT  HOLY  COMMU- 
NION (11  S.  iv.  105,  179).— The  altar  referred 
to  in  my  previous  note  is  the  Altar  of  the 
Chair,  and  not,  as  MR.  PENRY  LEWIS  queries, 
the  Altar  of  the  Choir  (which  is  half  up  the 
nave  to  the  left  as  one  walks  up  the  church). 
As  a  matter  of  fact,  the  Altar  of  the  Choir 


is  closed  during  a  Pontifical  mass.  The- 
Altar  of  the  Chair  is  at  the  extreme  end  of 
the  apse.  The  learned  prelate  who  has  been 
good  enough  to  communicate  further  with 
me  on  the  subject  says  : — 

"When  the  Pope  pontificates,  the  upper  part  of 
the  cross  becomes  the  chancel,  and  the  space  is 
reserved  for  cardinals,  bishops,  and  prelates,  of 
whom  I  am  one.  At  the  '  Agnus  Dei '  the  Pope  and 
some  of  the  officiating  ministers  leave  the  High 
Altar  and  go  to  the  throne  in  front  of  the  Altar  of 
the  Chair  ;  and  after  the  '  Domine  nori  sum  dignus,' 
the  officiating  deacon  carries  the  Blessed  Sacrament 
to  the  Holy  Father,  who  then  communicates," 

and  receives  sitting,  as  mentioned  in  my 
first  note.  WILLIAM  GEORGE  BLACK. 

Ramoyle,  Dowanhill,  Glasgow. 

MAID  A  :  NAKED  BRITISH  SOLDIERS  (US. 
iv.  110,  171,  232,  271,  334).— I  must  beg 
pardon  for  several  inaccuracies  in  my  various 
replies,  none  of  which,  however,  affect  the 
main  point.  De  Watteville,  of  course,  is 
wrong — all  the  explanations  in  the  world 
will  not  alter  that.  If  MAJOR  LESLIE  will 
allow  a  civilian  to  prefer  Hart's  '  Army  List  * 
to  the  official  one,  I  prefer  it.  MAJOR 
LESLIE'S  references  are  good,  but,  like  all 
human  things,  the  books  he  names  are  not 
perfect.  There  is  nothing  in  Hart  between 
the  79th  and  the  83rd  Regiment,  but  the 
index  on  p.  591  helps.  Both  books  should 
be  studied  in  connexion  with  a  small  work 
by  Richard  Trimen,  called  '  The  Regiments 
of  the  British  Army,'  which,  unfortunately 
for  us,  was  published  in  1878. 

As  an  item  of  bibliography,  I  may  men- 
tion there  was  a  song  of  five  verses,  called 
'  The  Battle  of  Maida,'  by  Sir  George  Dallas, 
Bart.  ;  the  words  will  be  found  at  p.  70  of 
'  The  Soldier's  Companion,'  published  in 
1824.  It  was  set  to  music  by  Venanzio 
Rauzzini,  an  Italian  musician  well  known  in 
his  day,  and  sung  by  Braham  at  London 
and  Bath.  A.  RHODES. 

What  are  additional  instances  of  naked 
soldiers  in  battle  ?  In  fiction,  one  readily 
thinks  of  Kipling's  '  Taking  of  Lungtung- 
pen '  ;  in  painting,  of  Michael  Angelo's 
'  Cartoon  of  Pisa,'  now  lost,  wherein  were 
depicted  Florentine  soldiers  surprised  while 
bathing,  as  at  Maida. 

Ceremonial,  rather  than  accidental,  naked- 
ness in  battle  seems  to  be  treated  in  Hachen- 
bach's  '  De  Nuditate  Sacra  Sacrisque  Vin- 
culis,'  which  is  recent  and  highly  praised. 
Of  Mueller's  'Nacktheit  und  Entbloessung,* 
&c.,  I  know  nothing  except  a  citation. 

ROCKINGHAM. 

Boston,  Mass. 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  16,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


493 


PEEKS  IMMORTALIZED  BY  PUBLIC  -  HOUSES 
(11  S.  iv.  228,  271,  331,  456).— The  following 
is  a  list  of  Gloucestershire  houses  named 
after  peers  and  baronets,  with  one  or  two 
bearing  family  names  of  titled  personages. 
I  have  omitted  the  13  houses  named  "  Prince 


of  Wales,"  but  have  included  the  first 
three  on  my  list  as,  with  one  exception,  they 
occur  once  only  in  the  county.  Where 
the  origin  is  apparent  the  name  of  the 
person  after  whom  the  house  is  called  is  not 
given  : — 


Inn. 

Prince  Albert    . . 
Prince  Arthur    . . 
Princess  Royal 
Bathurst  Arms 
Beauchamp  Arms 
Beaufort  Arms 


Berkeley  Arms 

Codrington  Arms 
Darell  Arms 
Ducie  Arms 
Duke  of  Beaufort 
Duke  of  Brunswick 
Duke  of  Sussex . . 
Duke  of  Wellington 
Duke  of  York    . 


Earl  Grey 
Lygon  Arms 
Marlboro'  Arms 
Marlborough  Inn 
Marquess  of  Granby 
Marquis  of  Granby" 
Nelson    . 


Noel  Arms 

Raglan  Arms     . . 
Redesdale  Arms 
Russell  Arms     . . 
Salisbury 
Seagrave  Arms 
Somerset  Arms 
Somerset  Inn     . . 
Sherborne  Arms 

Suffolk  Arms      . . 
Wellington  Arms 

Wellington  Hotel 
Worcester  Arms 
York  Hotel 


Locality. 

Gloucester,  Rodborough 

Gloucester 

Rodborough 

North  Cerney 

Dymock 

Cheltenham,  Gloucester,  Kingswood, 
Mangotsfield,  Stoke  Gifford,  West- 
bury-on-Trym,  Wickwar 

Berkeley,  Cam,  Cheltenham,  Gloucester, 
Hinton,  Tewkesbury 

Wapley  and  Codrington,  Iron  Acton  . . 

Fretherne 

Gloucester  . .          . .          . . 

Cheltenham 

Hawkesbury 

Cheltenham,  ^Gloucester 

Gloucester 

Chalford,  Charlton  Kings,  Cheltenham, 
Cirencester,  Gloucester,  Horfield, 
Stroud,  Tewkesbury 

Quenington,  Wotton-under-Edge 

Chipping  Campden 

Fairford 

Cheltenham,  Cirencester,  Lechlade 

Winchcombe 

Gloucester 

Bisley,  Cheltenham,  Cirencester,  Glou- 
cester, King  Stanley,  Marshfleld, 
Minchinhampton,  Stroud,  Tewkesbury 

Chipping  Campden 


Gloucester 

More  ton-  in- th  e-Mars  h 

Cheltenham 

Cheltenham 

Weston  Subedge 

Cheltenham 


Aldsworth,       Cheltenham,      Lechlade, 

Northleach 

Cheltenham,  Gloucester 
Bourton-on-the-Water,          Gloucester, 

Horfield,  Moreton-in-the-Marsh 
Gloucester 

Cheltenham,  Gloucester 
Cheltenham 


Person* 


Earl  Bathurst. 
Earl  Beauchamp. 


Duke  of  Beaufort. 

Earl  of  Berkeley. 

Sir  G.  W.  H.  Codrington,  Bart* 

Sir  Lionel  Darell,  Bart. 

Earl  Ducie. 


Family  name  of  the  Beauchamps* 
Duke  of  Marlborough. 


Lord  Nelson. 

Family  name  of  Earl  of  Gains- 
borough. 
Baron  Raglan. 
Baron  Redesdale. 
Earl  Russell. 
Marquis  of  Salisbury. 
Baron  Seagrave. 
Duke  of  Somerset. 


Baron  Sherborne. 
Duke  of  Suffolk. 

Duke  of  Wellington. 

Marquis  of  Worcester. 
Duke  of  York. 


In  compiling  the  above  the  following 
rather  uncommon  names  of  public  -  houses 
were  noted  and  may  be  of  interest :  "  Bird  in 
Hand,"  "  Bird  in  View,"  "  Bishop  Blaize," 
"Corner  Cupboard,"  "Fire  Engine," 
"  Forge  Hammer,"  "  Happy  Return,"  "Hob- 
nails," "  King  David,"  "  Live  and  Let  Live," 
"Malt  Shovel,"  "Port  Cullis "  (after  the 
Beauforts),  "Ragged  Cot,"  "Trouble 
House."  The  last  is  suggestive. 

ROLAND  AUSTIN. 

Gloucester  Public  Library. 


FIRE-PAPERS  (US.  iv.  406). — It  would  be 
of  interest  to  know  when  these  first  came  into 
use.  I  remember  them  sixty  years  ago, 
and  think  they  were  not  known  at  a  much 
earlier  date.  They  were  then  called  "  fire- 
place aprons,"  and  seemed  of  a  more  sub- 
stantial make  than  those  of  a  later  date. 
In  country  places  they  were  made  and 
"peddled"  by  the  people  known  as  "  gipsy 
women,"  who  brought  them  strung  on  a 
short  pole,  with  the  request,  "  Army  fire 
appens  ?  "  As  far  as  I  remember  they  were 


494 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        tn  s.  iv.  DEC.  ie,  1911. 


of  stout  paper  of  different  colours,  with  a 
backing  of  brown  paper,  cut  apron-shape, 
and  ornamented  in  the  way  described  by 
W.  C.  B.  Folks  thought  a  lot  about  them, 
and  the  best  rooms  must  have  them  if 
ordinary  rooms  went  without.  A  lath  was 
at  the  back  of  each  near  the  top  to  keep  them 
in  shape,  and  to  the  lath  was  appended  a 
string-made  loop,  by  which  they  were  hung 
on  a  nail  in  the  chimney. 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

DUD  DUDLEY  (11  S.  iv.  406).—  I  may  add 
to  the  information  given  at  the  above 
reference  that  Mr.  Willis  Bund  has  prepared 
a  short  memoir  of  Dud  Dudley,  copies  of 
which  may  be  obtained  from  Mr.  W.  H. 
Carder,  Secretary  of  the  Staffordshire  Iron 
and  Steel  Institute,  158,  Tividale  Road, 
Tipton.  R.  B.  P. 

ROBERT  ANSTRUTHER,  M.P.  (US.  iv.  389, 
459). — This  was  Robert  Anstruther,  3rd 
eon  of  Sir  John  Anstruther,  2nd  Bt.  of  An- 
struther, co.  Fife  (creation  6  January,  1700), 
Colonel  of  the  68th  Regiment  and  of  the  Tav 
Fencibles.  Born  31  December,  1757;  mar- 
ried 9  May,  1801,  Anne  Nairn,  who  died 
27  September,  1804,  and  by  whom  he  had 
two  sons  and  a  daughter.  F.  DE  H.  L. 

JOHN  BODE,  1639  (11  S.  iv.  369).— This 
isrprobably  John  Bode  of  Davington  Priory, 
Kent,  who  died  in  Clerkenwell,  and  whose 
will  was  proved  P.C.C.  14  March,  1644/5  (51 
Rivers).  See  Hasted's  *  Kent,'  ii.  726-7,  for 
some  account  of  the  Bode  family,  and  the 
volumes  of  Kent  and  Essex  pedigrees  there 
referred  to.  PERCEVAL  LUCAS. 

WATCHMAKERS'  SONS  (11  S.  iv.  269,  336). 
—Robert  William  Elliston,  the  celebrated 
actor  and  manager,  was  the  son  of  a  watch- 
maker who  carried  on  business  in  Orange 
Street,  Bloomsbury,  and  whose  brother  was 
sometime  Master  of  Sidney  Sussex  College, 
Cambridge.  WM.  DOUGLAS. 

I  am  indebted  to  MR.  GURNER  JONES  and 
MR.  J.  F.  BENSE  for  their  interesting  ad- 
denda. I  may  add  Robert  Herrick,  whose 
father  and  uncle  were  both  Cheapside 
goldsmiths.  Sir  William  Herrick  joined  to 
his  profession  that  of  the  kindred  business 
of  banking  and  moneylending ;  whereas 
Herrick  was  a  jeweller  as  well,  possibly  a 
working  goldsmith  and  jeweller.  It  would 
be  interesting  to  know  whether  in  the 
centuries  before  the  eighteenth  our  gold- 
smiths were  professional  watchmakers  and 


repairers,  because  in  more  recent  years 
there  sprang  up  great  naval  clock  -  and 
chronometer  -  makers,  like  Frodshams  of 
Cornhill  and  Roskells  of  Liverpool,  who 
were  not  makers  of  jewellery  and  trinkets. 
M.  L.  R.  BRESLAB. 

I  think  I  am  right  in  saying  that  the 
trades  of  watchmaker  and  jeweller  were 
distinct  in  the  eighteenth  and  previous 
centuries.  The  jeweller  was  a  dealer  in 
gems  and  precious  stones ;  the  watch- 
maker was  a  very  highly  skilled  mechanic. 
The  East  India  Company  dealt  in  precious 
stones  of  various  kinds  with  native  (and 
sometimes  European)  jewellers,  who  had 
special  knowledge  of  their  values.  The 
trade  was  only  possible  for  men  of  con- 
siderable capital.  Reference  to  such 
jewellers  is  frequent  in  the  old  Madras 
records.  They  sold  "  pockets "  of  dia- 
monds, &c.  FRANK  PENNY. 

"  ALL  WHO  LOVE  ME  FOLLOW  ME  "  (11  S. 
iv.  426). — See  also  Garibaldi's  appeal  to 
his  troops  and  to  the  Roman  people:  "  Let 
him  who  loves  his  country  with  his  heart, 
and  not  with  his  lips  only,  follow  me " 
(Trevelyan's  '  Garibaldi's  Defence  of  Rome,' 
p.  231).  F.  B.  M. 

'THE  VELVET  CUSHION'  (11   S.  iv.  288). 
— Besides  the  above   (New  York,    1815),   I 
have  a  small  book  entitled  '  A  New  Covering 
to  the  Velvet  Cushion'  (New  York,  1815). 
H.  L.  FAIRCHILD. 

Cazenovia,  New  York. 

REV.  DR.  OGILVIE,  BROTHER  OF  THE 
POET  (11  S.  iv.  227).— The  Rev.  James 
Ogilvie,  D.D.,  was  chaplain  to  Lord  Forbes, 
and  curate  of  Egham.  In  early  life  he  had 
been  Rector  of  Westover,  Virginia,  but 
refusing  to  renounce  his  allegiance  to  Eng- 
land, he  was  compelled  to  leave  the  United 
States  at  the  outbreak  of  the  Revolution. 
On  returning  to  this  country  he  obtained 
the  charge  of  Egham,  where  he  lived  for 
many  years,  greatly  esteemed.  A  volume 
of  '  Sermons  on  various  Subjects  '  was  pub- 
lished by  him  in  1787.  He  was  living  in 
1816,  but  the  date  of  his  death  I  have  not 
ascertained.  SCOTUS. 

'  KNIGHT  OF  THE  BURNING  PESTLE  '  : 
=  3s.  2d.  (11  S.  iv.  348,  434).— We  have 
other  references  to  such  pricing  marks  in 
early  plays.  For  example,  in  Act  V.  sc.  iii. 
of  '  Pedantius,'  a  Latin  comedy  acted  in  the 
Hall  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  about 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  16,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


495 


1581,  which  has  lately  been  well  edited  and 
annotated  by  Mr.  Moore  Smith,  Gilbert,  a 
draper,  produces  his  book  to  show  Pedantius, 
a  schoolmaster  whom  he  is  dunning,  that  he 
has  himself  paid  two  crowns  and  a  half  per 
ell  in  London  for  some  silk,  that  amount 
being  represented  by  SSP,  which  Pedantius 
cannot  understand.  In  a  note  Mr.  Moore 
Smith  refers  us  to  W.  Rowley's  '  A  New 
Wonder,'  Act  I.  sc.  i.  : — 

Rich.  Read  the  gross  sum  of  your  broad  cloths. 
George.    68  pieces  at  B,ss,    and    1.:  57  at  L.ss, 
-and  o. 

F.  NEWMAN. 

KING'S  THEATRE  (OPERA-HOUSE),  HAY- 
:MARKET  (US.  iv.  405). — Probably  a  history 
exists  in  MS.,  as  several  attempts  at 
compiling  one  have  been  made.  James 
Winston,  for  many  years  manager  at  Drury 
Lane,  formed  large  historical  collections  on 
the  metropolitan  and  provincial  theatres, 
and  at  the  sale  of  his  library,  May,  1849, 
lots  477-84  were  all  excellent  material  for 
•a  history  of  the  house.  The  principal  item 
(lot  477,  121.  10s.,  Johnson)  was  Vice- 
•Chamberlain  Coke's  papers  relative  to  the 
Italian  opera  in  the  Haymarket,  1706-15; 
•and  lot  479  (Lacey,  II.  2s.)  was  historical 
collections  in  2  vols.,  4to,  of  the  Queen's 
Theatre,  Haymarket,  and  Lincoln's  Inn 
and  Drury  Lane  Theatres,  showing  the  per- 
formances nightly,  1710-29. 

Some  interesting  lots  of  pamphlets  also 
•occurred  in  the  sale^of  John  Field's  library, 
22  January,  1827.  ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

I  agree  with  MR.  HORACE  BLEACKLEY 
that  something  more  is  wanted  than  John 
Ebers's  meagre  '  Seven  Years  of  the  King's 
'Theatre  '  (which  he  doubtless  knows),  pub- 
lished in  1828  by  William  Harrison  Ains- 
worth,  with  six  very  interesting  lithograph 
portraits.  A.  FORBES  SIEVEKING. 

SELDEN'S  '  TABLE  TALK  '  :  "  FORCE  " 
<11  S.  iv.  229,  278).— I  doubt  if  "force" 
here  be  a  form  of  farce,  as  suggested  at  the 
latter  reference.  To  me  it  looks  as  if  the 
ninth  meaning  of  the  word  given  in  the 
*  N.E.D.,'  viz.,  "  the  real  import  or  significa- 
tion of  a  document,  statement,  or  the  like," 
were  sufficient :  "  the  preface,  and  the 
force,  and  the  conclusion,  which  are  not  part 
of  the  Creed."  The  preface  I  take  to  be 
the  first  paragraph  :  "  Whosoever  will  be 
saved ....  hold  the  Catholic  Faith";  the 
force,  the  second  paragraph :  "  Which 
Faith  except  every  one ....  shall  perish 
everlastingly  "  ;  and  the  conclusion,  follow- 
ing at  the  end  of  the  Creed  :  "  This  is  the 


Catholic  Faith  :  which  except  a  man  believe 
faithfully,  he  cannot  be  saved."  The 
Clarendon  Press  edition  of  '  Table  Talk,'  by 
S.  H.  Reynolds  (1892),  makes  no  comment 
on  the  passage  whatever.  N.  W.  HILL. 
New  York. 

"  SWALE,"  ITS  ENGLISH  AND  AMERICAN 
MEANINGS  (11  S.  iv.  67,  114,  175,  351,  438). 
— In  the  answers  to  this  question  I  do  not 
recollect  any  one  alluding  to  the  hollow,  with 
a  stream  intersecting  it,  called  East  and 
West  Swale,  which  separates  the  Isle  of 
Sheppey  from  the  mainland  of  Kent. 
The  entrance  to  the  East  Swale  is  near 
Whitstable,  alongside  Whitstable  Flats ; 
it  winds  westward  on  the  south  of  the  island, 
and  at  the  other  end  is  called  the  West 
Swale,  which  finds  its  exit  into  the  Medway 
at  Queensborough.  I  observe  that  it  is 
spelt  "  Swealwe  "  in  a  map  issued  by  the 
Oxford  Geographical  Institute  to  explain 
Alfred  the  Great's  campaigns.  This  hollow, 
with  the  river  running  through,  illustrates 
the  meaning  of  the  term  as  used  in  England. 

W.  W.  GLENNY. 
Barking,  Essex. 

"  Swale  "  is  a  term  commonly  applied  in 
the  central  part  of  the  State  of  New  York 
to  a  low,  damp  spot  in  meadows  or  woodland, 
not  so  wet  as  a  swamp. 

H.  L.  FAIRCHILD. 

Cazenovia,  New  York. 

DRY  WEATHER  IN  NINETEENTH  CENTURY 
(US.  iv.  409). — MR.  KENNEDY  might  find 
contemporary  accounts  in  old  magazines, 
such  as  The  Literary  Panorama  or  The 
Monthly.  However,  even  these  reports  fail 
at  times.  For  the  editor  of  The  Monthly 
on  1  March,  1810,  regrets  that,  "owing  to 
an  accident  which  has  occurred  by  the  frost 
to  our  rain-gauge,  we  are  unable  to  give  an 
accurate  account  of .  ,  . ." 

If  MR.  KENNEDY  cannot  find  what  he 
wants,  and  cares  to  drop  me  a  line,  I  will 
look  the  subject  up.  I  am  convinced  that 
neither  1805  nor  1815  equalled  this  last 
summer  in  dryness.  Mr.  C.  Harding  read 
a  paper  on  15  November  before  the  Royal 
Meteorological  Society  on  '  The  Astonishing 
Records  of  the  late  Summer.'  It  was 
unique.  The  records  of  Greenwich  reach 
back  to  1841.  J.  W.  SCOTT. 

20,  Paradise  Place,  Leeds. 

TAILOR  AND  POET  (11  S.  iv.  206).— This 
form  of  self-advertisement  is  uncommon, 
but  the  instance  given  by  MR.  BITLLOCH  is 
not  altogether  unique.  There  is  one  men- 
tioned by  Mr.  Ralph  Thomas  in  his  amusing 
work  on  'Swimming,'  p.  260  (Lond.,  1904). 


496 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       ten  s.  iv.  DEC.  ie.  mi. 


P.  H.  Pearce,  a  swimming  -  master  of 
Ramsgate,  fduly  "  magnified "  his  office, 
called  himself  esquire,  and  painted  the  word 
poet  after  his  name  on  his  bathing-machines. 
It  is  but  a  question  of  good  or  bad  taste. 
Tailors,  barbers,  shoemakers,  and  others 
are  artists  in  their  way.  If  you  have  any 
doubt  on  the  point,  test  it  upon  a  suitable 
opportunity.  EDWABD  SMITH. 

AUTHORS  or  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (11  S. 
iv.  428).  —  In  Byron's  '  Works,'  John 
Murray,  1859,  p.  427,  there  is  a  note  speak- 
ing of  Joseph  Cottle:  "the  same  person  has 
had  the  honour  to  be  recorded  in  The  Anti- 
Jacobin,  probably  by  Canning  "  : — 
And  Cottle,  not  he  who  that  Alfred  made  famous, 
But  Joseph,  of  Bristol,  the  brother  of  Amos. 
Possibly  these  lines  may  have  appeared  in 
The  Anti-Jacobin,  but  they  are  not  in 
'The  Poetry  of  the  Anti- Jacobin.'  There 
is  another  book  called  'The  Beauties  of 
the  Anti- Jacob  in,'  London,  1799,  in  which 
there  was  a  foot-note  (not  in  The  Anti- 
Jacobin],  by  the  editor,  to  one  of  the  poems, 
'  The  New  Morality,'  in  which  such  serious 
charges  were  brought  against  S.  T.  Coleridge 
that  he  contemplated  an  action  for  libel. 
Doubtless  a  copy  of  '  The  Beauties '  is  to  be 
found  in  the  British  Museum"  (see  Athenceum 
31  May,  1900).  R  A.  POTTS. 

G.  M.  T.  will  find  the  Stevenson  quotation 
he  seeks  in  '  An  Inland  Voyage,'  chapter 
*  The  Royal  Sport  Nautique  '  (p.  25). 

H.  S. 

AVIATION  IN  1811  (11  S.  iv.  5,  75).— Supple- 
menting its  remarks  of  9  June,  1811,  quoted 
at  the  first  of  these  references,  The  Observer 
of  24  November,  1811,  said  : — 

''The  watchmaker,  Degen,  made  an  attempt 
with  mechanical  wings,  of  his  own  construction, 
to  rise  in  the  air  at  Vienna  on  the  15th  ult.  He 
ascended  about  six  in  the  evening,  reached  an 
extraordinary  height,  and  descended  safely  near 
Irantemandorff,  district  of  Bruh." 


Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 


CECIL  CLARKE. 


MANOR  OF  MILTON-NEXT-GRAVESEND  (US 
iv.  367,  436).— The  Parliament  of  Shrews- 
bury having  declared  all  the  acts  of  the 

merciless"  Parliament  of  1388  to  be  null 
and  void,  the  King  on  23  October,  1398 
ordered  this  manor  to  be  restored  to  Roger 
Burley,  son  of  Sir  John  and  nephew  of  Sir 
Simon  Burley,  by  Richard  Ronhalle,  clerk, 

w  j(lr  °/  ??e)'  parson  of  St'  Michael's, 
Wood  Street,  John  Feriby,  Thomas  Godyng- 
ton,  and  John  Wynde  (Close  Roll,  22 


In  1404  Sir  Richard  Arundel  and  Alice 
his  wife  sued  Reynold  Cobham  and  Eliza- 
beth his  wife  for  one- third  of  the  manor 
as  dower  of  Alice  from  Roger  Burley, 
formerly  her  husband,  and  after  adjourn- 
ments obtained  a  judgment  by  default 
('De  Banco,'  Mich.  6  Hen.  IV.,  m.  124  d). 
In  the  same  year  John,  son  of  Roger  Burley, 
had  sued  other  persons  for  the  Here- 
fordshire manor  of  Leonhale,  also  forfeited 
by  Sir  Simon  Burley. 

Can  any  one  supply  information  about 
the  ownership  of  the  manor  between  1398 
and  1404  ?  G.  O.  BELLEWES. 

13,  Cheyne  Row,  S.W. 

THE  CORPORATION  OF  LONDON  AND  THE 
MEDICAL  PROFESSION  (11  S.  iv.  425). — DR. 
CLIPPINGDALE  is  wrong  in  thinking  that  in 
London  the  Chief  Magistrate  is  chosen  from 
a  restricted  number  of  Livery  Companies  ; 
he_need  not  necessarily  be  a  liveryman  at  all. 
He  is  elected  from  the  Aldermen,  and  the 
qualification  for  the  aldermanry,  apart  from 
the  pecuniary,  is  that  he  must  be  a  freeman, 
"  paying  scot  and  bearing  lot." 

PELLIPAR. 

FATHER  CONNOLLY,  HYMN- WRITER  (US. 
iv.  429).— At  the  end  of  the  article  on 
'  Roman  Catholic  Hymnody '  in  Julian's 
'  Dictionary  '  (p.  976)  there  is  a  lengthy  list 
of  hymn-books.  No.  28  is  "  Hymns  by  the 
Rev.  James  Conolly,  Missionary-Rector, 
London,  4th  edition,  1882."  This  gives 
the  correct  spelling  of  the  surname  and! 
one  of  the  clerical  positions  he  held.  No 
doubt  some  of  his  surviving  contemporaries 
among  the  London  clergy  will  be  able  to 
furnish  further  particulars. 

J.    F.    HOGAN. 

Royal  Colonial  Institute, 

Northumberland  Avenue. 

"BROKEN  COUNSELLOR"  (11  S.  iv.  368, 
458). — I  suggest  that  the  term  means  that 
the  counsellor  had  been,  on  his  own  applica- 
tion, formally  disbarred  by  his  benchers,  it 
being  against  the  declaration,  made  by  a 
barrister  on  call,  to  enter  into  orders  "while 
he  shall  remain  a  barrister." 

ERIC  R,  WATSON,  Bar.I.T. 

PONTEFRACT  CASTLE  :  PICTURE  AT  HAMP- 
TON COURT  (US.  iv.  403). — The  discovery  by 
your  correspondent  MR.  A.  S.  ELLIS  of  the 
identity  of  the  picture  of  'A  Castle*  by 
Josse  de  Momper,  No.  916  in  this  palace,. 
is  most  interesting  and  valuable,  and  I  need 
scarcely  say  that  the  information  he  supplies 
will  be  gratefully  noted  in  the  next  edition. 
of  the  Historical  Catalogue  of  the  pictures 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  16,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


497 


in  the  gallery.  MB.  ELLIS'  s  identification 
will  very  likely  lead  to  the  revealing  of  the 
history  of  the  picture,  and  of  further  facts 
about  De  Momper,  his  residence  in  England, 
and  his  probable  painting  of  pictures  for 
Charles  I.  ERNEST  LAW. 

The  Pavilion,  Hampton  Court  Palace. 

PENGE  AS  A  PLACE-NAME  (US.  iv.  330, 
437).  —  A  twelfth  -  century  instance  of 
this  name  occurs  among  the  Briefs  of  the 
Pleas  formerly  kept  in  the  Chapter  -  House 
at  Westminster.  The  record  states  that  a 
certain  John  de  Brumfeld  "  reced^  sine  die 
versus  Stephcmum  abbatem  Westmonas- 
teriensem  de  placito  bosci  de  Penge,  quia," 
&c.  ('Placitorum.  .Abbreviatio,'  1811,  p.  23, 
col.  ii.).  The  date  is  Michaelmas  Term  in 
the  first  year  of  King  John,  sc.  1199. 

While  awaiting  PROP.  SKEAT'S  explanation 
those  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  who  possess  his 
latest  volume,  'The  Place-Names  of  Berk- 
shire' (Clarendon  Press,  1911),  will  not 
fail  to  turn  to  p.  67  ("  Genge  ")  and  p.  17 
("  Pseginga  ")  therein. 

ALFRED  ANSCOMBE. 

30,  Albany  Road,  Stroud  Green,  N. 

JOHN  ADDENBROOK  :  DATE  OF  DEATH 
(US.  iv.  410).—  In  reply  to  G.  F.  B.  B.'s 
query  as  to  when  John  Addenbrook,  who 
was  instituted  to  the  living  of  Upper  Sapey 
in  this  diocese  in  1725,  died,  I  find  that  his 
successor  was  instituted  on  6  February,  1727, 
the  living  being  then  vacant  by  the  death  of 
John  Addenbrook.  H.  C.  BEDDOE. 

Diocesan  Registry,  Hereford. 

"HAPPEN"    (11    S.    iv.    346,    437).—  The 
use  of  the  word   "  happen  "   noted  at  the 
latter  reference   is  common  in  the  Midland 
Counties.     Usually,     but     not     always,     it 
occurs    as    "  m'appen  "     (=may    happen)^ 
"  M'appen  I  shall,  and  m'appen  I  shan't." 
In  the  Isle  of  Axholme  "  happen  "  is  used 
I  have  not  heard  it  elsewhere.     Instead 
accident  has  happened  to 


as 

of   sa 
him 
dent." 


aying    "  An   accident  has  happene     to 
"  we  sav  "  He  has  happened  an  acci- 


C.  C.  B. 


This  word  is  by  no  means  out  of  usage  in 
the  sense  of  perhaps.  A  man,  hoping  to  meet 
some  one,  says  :  "  Happen  I  shall  light  on 
him."  The  word  also  means  "  to  wrap  up  ' 
or  "  enfold,"  as  "  I  '11  happen  it  up  for  you." 
"  Happen  it  will  happen  "  is  another  way 
of  using  the  word.  THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

I  heard  a  variant  of  this  word  more  than 
fifty  years  ago  'in  a  farmhouse  in  Surrey. 
I  do  not  recollect  what  led  up  to  it,  but 
the  phrase  for  "perhaps"  was  "hap  it 
may  hap."  J.  P-  STILWELL. 


OMAR  KHAYYAM  BIBLIOGRAPHY  (11  S. 
iv  328,  358). — So  many  inquiries  have 
reached  me  concerning  translations  of  the 
'  Rubaiyat '  of  Omar  Khayyam  into  foreign 
languages,  that  I  think  the  following  list 
will  be  useful.  I  include  only  those  versions 
not  mentioned  in  Dole's  '  Multi- Variorum  ' 
edition,  and  shall  be  glad  to  know  of 
others  : — 

German.— Altschul,  Dresden,  1910  ;   Gitterman, 
Lieipzig,  1905  ;    Gribble,  Leipzig,  1907  ;    Preconi, 
urich,    1911  ;     Rosen,    Leipzig,    1909  ;     Schend, 
Leipzig. 

Italian. — Angeli,  Bergamo,  1910  ;  Chini,  Lan- 
ciano,  1907  ;  Crespi,  Milan,  1903  ;  Gottardi, 
Milan,  1903. 

French. — Grolleau,  Paris,  1902  ;  Henry,  Paris, 
1903  ;  Labor,  Paris,  1907  ;  Marthold,  Paris,  1910  ; 
Sibleigh,  Cleveland,  U.S.A.,  1900. 

Spanish. — Dublan,  Mexico,  1904 ;  Sierra, 
Madrid,  1907. 

Catalan. — Pastor,  Barcelona,  1907. 

Danish. — Bagger,  Copenhagen,  1900  ;  Christen- 
sen,  Copenhagen,  1903. 

Hebrew. — Imber,  New  York,  1905  ;  Massel, 
Manchester,  1907. 

Romani. — Axon  and  Crofton,  Manchester,  1899. 

Welsh  Romani. — Macalister,  Cambridge,  1907  ; 
Sampson,  London,  1902. 

Welsh. — Jones,  Oxford,  1907  ;  Williams,  Car- 
diff, 1908. 

Gaelic. — Carroll,  Chicago,  1909  ;  Mackechnie 
(— ?),  1908. 

Greek. — Crawley,  Boston,  1902. 

Basquish. — Dodgson,  London,  1907. 

Japanese.— Kakise,  Worcester  (U.S.A.),  1910. 

Russian.— Zhukovsky,  St.  Petersburg,  1897. 
A.  G.   POTTER. 
126,  Adelaide  Road,  Hampstead,  N.W. 

CAPT.  MARRYAT:  'DIARY  OF  A  BLASE' 
(US.  iv.  409). — Mr.  R.  B.  J[ohnson]'s  note 
in  Dent's  edition  of  Marryat's  '  Olla 
Podrida  '  succinctly  explains  : — 

/'  This  edition  of  '  Olla  Podrida '  does  not 
include  the  '  Diary  on  the  Continent,'  which  ap- 
peared first  in  The  Metropolitan  Magazine  (1835-6) 
as  '  The  Diary  of  a  Blase,'  continued  in  The  Neio 
Monthly  Magazine  (1837-8)  as  '  Confessions  and 
Opinions  of  Ralph  the  Restless.'  " 

Marryat  himself  described  the   '  Diary  '   as 
"  very  good  magazine  stuff." 

LIBRARIAN. 
Wands  worth. 

Perhaps  Marryat's  '  Diary  of  a  Blas6 ' 
never  appeared  in  book-form.  At  any  rate, 
I  have  portions  of  it  in  an  1835  volume  of 
The  Metropolitan  Magazine,  London,  re- 
printed in  New  Haven,  Connecticut.  The 
completing  portions  of  the  '  Diary  '  doubt- 
less appeared  in  the  next  volume  of  that 
same  magazine,  now  defunct,  but  at  one 
time  conducted  by  Marryat  himself. 

J.  G.  CUPPLES. 

Brookline,  Mass. 


498 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       tn  s.  iv.  DEC.  w,  1911. 


GEORGE  MORLAND'S  INN  SIGN  (11  S.  iv. 

447). — The     sign,     according     to     Hassell's 
'  Memoirs  of  the  Life,'  &c.,  was  that  of 
bull  not  a  "  bell." 

Morland  was  returning  from  Deal  to 
London  on  foot,  with  his  brother-in-law 
Williams.  A  riotous  evening  had  left  them 
penniless,  and,  with  a  "  craving  appetite 
for  some  refreshment,"  they  found  them- 
selves in  the  neighbourhood  of  a  roadside 
inn,  "  over  which  was  placed  an  animal 
intended  for  a  bull." 

Morland  entered  the  house,  obtained  the 
commission  to  paint  a  new  sign  for  five 
shillings,  and  persuaded  the  landlord  to 
send  to  Canterbury  to  purchase  the  needful 
materials.  Meanwhile  the  pair  refreshed 
themselves,  and  before  the  painting  was 
finished  had  disposed  of  "  a  dinner,  exhausted 
several  pitchers  of  good  ale,  and  a  quantum 
sufficit  of  spirits"  to  the  amount  of  ten 
shillings,  after  which,  convinced  that  it 
was  impossible  to  extract  the  difference, 
"  the  chagrined  landlord  reluctantly  suffered 
the  travellers  to  depart "  on  promise  of 
payment  at  a  future  day. 

"  Upon  his  arrival  in  town  Morland  related  the 
adventure  at  the  '  Hole  in  the  Wall,'  in  Fleet 
Street,  and  a  gentleman  set  off  privately  towards 
Canterbury  in  quest  of  the  '  Bull,'  which  he 
purchased  of  the  landlord  for  ten  guineas." 

Another  sign  mentioned  as  painted  by  Mor- 
land is  that  of  the  "  White  Lion  "  at  Pad- 
dington.  AITCHO. 

DILLON  ON  DISRAELI  (11  S.  iv.  449). — 
The  epithet  alluded  to  by  J.  D.  has  been 
not  infrequently  applied,  by  people  who 
favour  slang  expressions,  to  some  one 
whom  they  wish,  politely,  to  term  "  a 
blasted  lyre  !  "  I  can,  in  my  own  experi- 
ence, trace  it  back  to  1860  ;  but  I  think 
we  could  find  instances  of  far  earlier  date — 
probably  in  the  annals  of  duelling, 

HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 

39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennington  Lane. 

The  allusion  is  probably  the  reverse  of 
complimentary.  I  have  heard  it  put  into 
a  conundrum  in  reference  to  another  public 
man  :  "  Why  is  So-and-so  like  a  harp 
struck  by  lightning  ?  "  "  Because  he  is  a 
blasted  lyre."  FRANCIS  P.  MARCH  ANT. 

Streatham  Common. 

[Several  other  correspondents  reply  to  the  same 
effect.] 

"  VIVE  LA  BELGE  "  (IIS.  iv.  129, 174,215). 
— After  their  entertainment  in  London  the 
Belgian  visitors  dispersed  themselves  over 
the  country,  where  volunteers  who  had 
shared  in  the  hospitalities  of  Belgium  the 


year  before  were  anxious  to  reciprocate. 
A  small  party  came  to  Derby,  where  (after- 
being  escorted  from  the  station  by  the  local 
volunteer  battalion)  they  were  received  in 
the  Market-Place  by  the  Mayor  and  Corpora- 
tion amid  the  greatest  enthusiasm.  On 
their  way  to  Chatsworth,  where  they  went 
next  day  to  lunch,  they  alighted  at  Crom- 
ford  to  find  a  banner,  with  "Vive  la  Beige" 
in  large  characters,  stretched  across  the  road.. 
Before  they  entrained  again  at  Matlock 
Bridge  champagne  was  served,  literally  in 
buckets.  There  was  a  ball  for  them  that 
same  night,  but  perhaps  the  most  hilarious 
moment  of  a  very  memorable  time  was 
when,  in  returning  thanks  at  the  inevitable 
banquet,  a  captain  of  the  Belgian  National 
Guard  explained  with  the  utmost  gravity, 
and  in  excellent  English,  that  they  too  were 
volunteers,  just  as  we  were,  with  the  simple 
difference  that  they  were  "  obliged  to  be 
volunteers."  C.  M. 

Warrington. 

"  MAKE  A  LONG  ARM  "  (11   S.  iv.   44,  118, 
158,  215). — A  familiar  expression  here  also. 
H.  L.  FAIRCHILD. 

Cazenovia,  New  York. 

BURIAL  IN  WOOLLEN:  "  DOLBERLINE  " 
(US.  iv.  368).— Mrs.  Palliser  ('History  of 
Lace,'  1902)  alludes  to  the  custom  of  using 
lace  as  a  decoration  to  grave-clothes,  and  at 
p.  366  occurs  this  foot-note  : — 

"  That  grave-clothes  were  lace-trimmed  we 
infer  from  the  following  strange  announcement  in 
The  London  Gazette  for  August  12th  to  15th,  1678  : 

"  'Whereas  decent  and  fashionable  lace-shifts 
and  Dressings  for  the  dead,  made  of  woollen,  have 
been  presented  to  his  Majesty  by  Amy  Potter, 
widow  (the  first  that  put  the  making  of  such 
things  in  practice),  and  his  Majesty  well  liking 
:he  same,  hath  upon  her  humble  Petition,  been 
graciously  pleased  to  give  her  leave  to  insert  this 
advertisement,  that  it  may  be  known  she  now 
wholly  applies  herself  in  making  both  lace  and 
plain  of  all  sorts,  at  reasonable  prices,  and  lives 
in  Crane  Court  in  the  Old  Change,  near  St.  Paul's 
Church  Yard.' 

"  Again,  in  Nov.  of  the  same  year  : 

"  '  His  Majesty,  to  increase  the  woollen  manufac- 
ture and  to  encourage  obedience  to  the  late  act  for 
Burying  in  woollen,  has  granted  to  Amy  Potter 
jhe  sole  privilege  of  making  all  sorts  of  woollen 
.aces  for  the  decent  burial  of  the  dead  or  other- 
wise, for  fourteen  years,  being  the  first  inventor 
thereof.'  " 

Mrs.  Palliser  makes  no  special  mention 
of  woollen  lace,  nor  of  the  name  "  Dolber- 
ine."  Is  this  intended  for  "  Colbertine  "  ? 
At  p.  339  she  says  : — 

"  It  is  difficult  now  to  ascertain  what  descrip- 
tion of  lace  was  that  styled  Colbertine.  It  is 
written  Colberteen,  Colbertain,  Golbertain,  Col- 
yertine.  Evelyn  in  his  'Fop's  Dictionary  '  (1690); 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  16,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


499 


gives  '  Colbertine,  a  lace  resembling  net-work  of 
the  fabric  of  Monsieur  Colbert,  superintendent 
of  the  French  King's  manufactures."' 
But  point  d'Aleneon  lace  was  that  specially 
styled  "  the  fabric  "  of  Colbert,  and  Colber- 
tine appears  to  have  been  a  coarse  production. 
Swift  talks  of  knowing 

The  difference  between 
Rich  Flanders  lace  and  Oolberteen. 

'  Cadenus  and  Vanessa.' 
TOM  JONES. 

HENRY  FENTON  JADIS  (US.  iv.  410,  473). 
— The  following  is  of  earlier  date,  but  pos- 
sibly a  kinsman:  Henry  Jadis,  s.  John  of 
Dodington,  co.  Lincoln,  arm.  Hertford 
Coll.,  Oxon.,  matric.  19  March,  1796,  aged  17; 
B.A.  1801.  A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

OVERING  SURNAME  (US.  iv.  89,  178,  216, 
277). — In  the  '  Judge  Samuel  Sewall  Diary,' 
vol.  iii.  p.  330,  a  "  Mr.  Overing  "  is  men- 
tioned as  attending  a  Boston  funeral  as 
"  bearer  "  in  the  year  1723.  On  p.  375  of  the 
same  volume,  year  1726,  an  "  Attorney  Mr. 
Overing "  is  cited — probably  the  same 
individual.  He  was  seemingly  that  John 
Overing  whose  wife  was  daughter  of  the 
New  England  legal  magnate  Robert  Auch- 
mity,  and  whose  will,  mentioning  a  Sir 
Henry  Furnice,  was  proved  in  1748.  His 
brother,  "  James  Overing,  mariner,"  died 
in  Hopkins  ton  (now  Hopkinton),  Massa- 
chusetts, in  1746.  J.  G.  CUPPLES. 

Brookline,  Massachusetts. 

TWEEDMOUTH  (11  S.  iv.  428). — Tweed- 
mouth  is  on  the  south  side  of  Tweed  mouth, 
while  Berwick  is  on  the  north  side.  The 
two  places  are  connected  by  a  long,  quaint, 
many-arched  bridge  of  ancient  date,  the 
arches  differing  in  size.  Berwick  itself 
and  its  bounds — three  miles  north  and  west 
— are,  and  have  been  for  centuries,  a  portion 
of  England,  English  law  and  the  English 
church  being  in  evidence  there.  It  is  now, 
for  Parliamentary  and  other  purposes, 
a  portion  of  the  county  of  Northumberland. 
Contrary  to  the  vulgar  idea,  and  indeed  to 
the  teaching  of  some  school-books,  the 
Tweed  here,  and  for  some  three  miles  from 
its  mouth,  does  not  divide  Scotland  from 
England.  R.  B— R. 

South  Shields. 

LUNATICS  AND  PRIVATE  LUNATIC  ASYLUMS 
(11  S.  iv.  209,  251,  395).— It  is  probable 
that  the  sensational  trials  of  1858,  men- 
tioned at  the  second  reference,  which  drew 
attention  to  the  ill-treatment  of  patients 
in  lunatic  asylums,  were  the  motive  that 
caused  Wilkie  Collins  in  1860  to  write  his 


'  Woman  in  White,'  a  novel  that  soon, 
acquired  a  worldwide  celebrity.  The  story 
was  afterwards  dramatized. 

N.  W.  HILL. 
New  York. 

THE  ROYAL  EXCHANGE  (11  S.  ii.  508; 
iii.  385  ;  iv.  138,  176).— The  following  from 
The  City  Press  of  2  December  in  regard 
to  a  recent  meeting  of  the  Gresham  Trust 
will  be  read  with  interest  : — 

"...  .In  the  course  of  the  afternoon  incidental 
reference  was  made  to  the  fact  that  the  com- 
mittee were  about  to  consider  a  proposal  for  the 
publication  of  a  booklet  upon  the  frescoes  in 
the  ambulatory  of  the  Royal  Exchange." 
This  is  indeed  welcome  news. 

CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 

URBAN  V.'s  FAMILY  NAME  (11  S.  iv. 
204,  256,  316,  456). — At  the  last  reference 
Turstin  fitz  Row  should  have  been  Turstin, 
fitz  Ron  ;  the  proof  failed  to  reach  me. 

G.  H.  WHITE. 

St«  Cross,  Harleston,  Norfolk. 


on 


English  Dialects  from  the  Eighth  Century  to  the 

Present  Day.     By  the  Rev.  Walter  W.  Skeat. 

(Cambridge  University  Press.) 
THOSE  who  are 

keen  thro'  wordy  snares  to  track 
Suggestion  to  her  inmost  cell 

know  the  fascination  of  words  and  their  meanings. 
Unfortunately,  the  majority  of  writers  and  readers 
of  to-day  remain  in  ignorance  of  the  resources 
of  their  own  language,  and  either  go  to  bad  popular 
guides  or  neglect  their  occasional  instruction. 
In  this  little  manual  Prof.  Skeat  supplies  a  mas- 
terly introduction  to  "  English  in  the  native  garb," 
and  shows  the  many  sources  which  have  made 
our  tongue  what  it  is  to-day. 

He  gives  abundant  measure  of  illustration  from 
actual  words  in  common  use,  which  should  make 
the  book  of  interest  to  the  average  reader.  He 
points  out  also  that  what  are  regarded  as  mistakes 
in  dialect  are  sometimes  true  forms,  our  own  being 
due  to  phonetic  decay.  Among  other  notable 
remarks  we  find  the  Professor  explaining  that 
French  influence  in  our  dialects  has  been  neglected 
except  in  the  case  of  Scotland,  where  it  has  been 
exaggerated.  To  Anglo-French,  i.e.,  the  forms  of 
French  largely  peculiar  to  England,  are  due 
several  peculiarities  of  pronunciation.  Thus 
"  rouge  "  is  French,  but  "  rage  "  is  Anglo-French. 

Besides  the  illustrations  throughout  the  book, 
there  is  also  a  chapter  of  specimens  of  our  better 
dialect  writers,  which  range  from  Aberdeen  to 
East  Sussex.  A  Bibliography  will  aid  those  who 
wish  to  make  further  study,  and  at  the  end-there 
is  a  reproduction  of  the  only  English  proclama- 
tion of  Henry  III.,  18  October,  1258. 

The  manual  ought  to  be  adopted  widely  as  a 
beginners'  book  in  English,  for  it  is  written  in  a 


500 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  is,  1911. 


simple,  lucid  style,  and  wholly  devoid  of  the 
pompous  and  tortured  language  which  makes  the 
work  of  some  philologists  dull  and  lifeless. 

Chats    on    Postage    Stamps.     By    Frederick    J. 

Melville.     (Fisher  Unwin. ) 

MR.  MELVILLE  has  given  us  a  delightful  book 
which  will  prove  very  interesting  to  stamp  collec- 
tors. In  his  preface  he  says  :  "  True  students 
of  stamps  will  extract  from  them  all  that  they 
have  to  teach.  They  will  read  from  them  the 
development  of  arts,  manufactures,  social,  com- 
mercial, and  political  progress,  the  rise  and  fall 
•of  nations."  They  will  further  learn  a  great  deal 
of  geography  and  history,  e.g.,  which  Colonies 
Tbelong  to  the  various  Powers.  Mr.  Melville 
adds  that  they  will  be  trained  to  be  observant 
of  the  minutiee  that  matter,  and  will  broaden 
their  outlook  as  they  survey  their  stamps  "  from 
China  to  Peru." 

The  book  begins  with  a  dictionary  of  philatelic 
terms,  and  at  its  close  will  be  found  another 
of  philatelic  bibliography  and  an  excellent 
index.  The  first  part  deals  with  the  history  of 
stamps  and  stamp  collecting.  Then  comes  advice 
to  collectors,  while  chapters  vii.,  viii.,  and  ix. 
deal  with  the  romance  of  the  pastime,  and 
chapter  x.  reveals  the  treasures  of  some  of  the 
royal  and  municipal  collections. 

The  illustrations  are  well  produced  and  inter- 
esting, and  we  cordially  commend  the  book  at 
this  season  to  the  notice  of  all  parents  who  have 
children  interested  in  stamps.  We  remark 
that  Mr.  Melville  promises,  in  conjunction  with 
Mr.  C.  Nissen,  a  further  volume  on  the  subject 
of  '  British  Essays  and  Proofs,'  and  to  this  we 
shall  look  forward. 

MR.  HENRY  FROWDE  AND  MESSRS.  CHAPMAN 
&  HALL  send  us  copies  of  Pickwick  Papers  and 
Nicholas  Nickleby  with  coloured  plates.  The 
colour  may  please  some  readers,  but  it  is  added 
to  plates  which  are  already  dark  with  etched  lines, 
and  is  of  the  character  of  a  slight  wash,  which  we 
cannot  consider  effective.  The  fields  white  with 
snow  add  something  to  the  picture  of  Mr.  Pick- 
wick sliding,  but  in  most  cases  we  should  prefer  to 
:see  the  well-known  illustrations  by  Phiz  as  they 
left  his  hand.  The  reader  can  easily  judge  of  the 
•effect  of  the  new  departure  by  inspecting  the 
Maclise  portrait  of  Dickens,  which  is  the  frontis- 
piece to  '  Nicholas  Nickleby.'  The  type  of  the 
edition  is  very  readable,  and  the  red  binding 
is  suitably  cheerful. 

IN  The  Burlington  Magazine  for  December  we 
miss  the  editorial  which  deals  faithfully  with  some 
current  topic  of  importance  to  art-lovers.  The 
frontispiece  shows  a  Virgin  and  Child  in  which 
the  one  is  more  like  a  sister  to  the  other  than  a 
mother.  This  picture  and  others  are  discussed 
by  Mr.  Herbert  Cook  in  a  highly  interesting 
article^  on  '  Leonardo  da  Vinci'  and  some 
Copies'.'  The  theft  of  the  '  Monna  Lisa  '  has, 
*  Art  in  France  '  tells  us,  produced  a  state  of 
caution  at  the  Louvre  which  makes  one  uncertain 
of  being  admitted  to  any  of  the  rooms  on  any 
day.  '  II  Rosso  (Fiorentino)  by  Himself  (?)  ' 
introduces  an  artist  of  the  great  time  of  Italian 
painting,  about  whose  work  Sir  Claude  Phillips 
writes  a  fascinating  article.  Mr.  H.  N.  Veitch 
begins  a  study  with  illustrations  of  '  English 
Domestic  Spoons,'  which  promises  to  be  very 


illuminating.  He  deals  inter  alia  with  the  Latin 
cochlear,  a  spoon  for  eating  snails,  and  the  question 
of  "  Apostle "  spoons,  with  a  quotation  from 
'  Henry  VIII.'  Mr.  Roger  Fry  continues  his 
expert  account  of  the  '  Exhibition  of  Old  Masters 
at  the  Graf  ton  Galleries  ' ;  and  there  is  a  notice  of 
'  Gift-Books  '  of  the  illustrated  sort  which  is 
worth  attention  at  this  season. 

IN  The  National  Review  the  political  writing 
is  as  pungent  as  ever.  Mr.  E.  Cape!  Cure  seeks 
to  check  the  "  petulant  campaign  "  of  recent 
protest  against  Italy's  behaviour  in  Tripoli. 
Mr.  Paul  England  in  '  A  Plea  for  English  Song  ' 
discourses  sensibly  concerning  the  low  standard 
of  English  translation  which  opera  singers  have 
had  to  tolerate,  excepting  from  his  condemnation 
the  versions  of  H.  F.  Chorley.  Most  of  the  worst 
renderings  are  due  to  the  "  verbum  verbo  " 
fallacy  which  Horace  exposed  ;  and  the  free 
paraphrase  is,  as  Mr.  England  points  out,  much 
more  likely  to  produce  good  results.  Mr.  Edgar 
Syers  has  a  pleasant  article  on  '  The  Little  River,' 
i.e.,  the  Thames  above  Oxford.  Mr.  A.  Maurice 
Low  in  '  American  Affairs '  shows  that  President 
Taft  has  divided  his  party,  and  is  in  a  bad  way. 
'  Barbarous  Boyhood,'  by  Mr.  Bertram  Smith, 
is  penetrating  in  its  insight  into  the  strange  ways 
of  the  young  human  animal;  and  a  "  Post-Impres- 
sionist Scribbler  "  proffers  some  severe  criticism 
of  '  Pictorial  Art  in  South  London,'  i.e.,  certain 
wall-paintings  in  a  classroom  of  the  Borough 
Polytechnic  representing  '  The  Amusements  of 
London.' 


MR.  HENRY  SNOWDEN  WARD. — WTe  are  sorry 
to  notice  the  death,  reported  from  New  York 
on  Saturday  last,  of  Mr.  Henry  Snowden  Ward, 
a  contributor  to  our  columns.  He  was  an  expert 
Dickensian  and  photographer,  and  with  his  wife 
produced  an  excellent  and  fully  illustrated 
volume  on  '  The  Real  Dickens  Land.'  He  also 
published  a  book  on  '  Shakespeare's  Town  and 
Times.' 


EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries'" — Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub^ 
lishers  " — at  the  Office,  Brea/n's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

CORRESPONDENTS  who  send  letters  to  be  for- 
warded to  other  contributors  should  put  on  the  top 
left-hand  corner  of  their  envelopes  the  number  of 
the  page  of  'N.  &  Q.'  to  which  their  letters  refer, 
so  that  the  contributor  may  be  readily  identified. 
Otherwise  much  time  has  to  be  spent  in  tracing  the 
querist. 

A.  C.,  M.  H.  D.,  M.  L.  F.,  and  J.  R.  L.  H.— 

Forwarded. 

A.  P.,  Toronto  ("Colonial  Arms  ").— Thanks 
for  reply,  but  anticipated  at  p.  436  by  a  home 
correspondent. 

E.  L.  H.  TEW  ("  Camden  Society's  Publica- 
tions "). — Mr.  H.  E.  Maiden,  the  Secretary  of 
the  Royal  Historical  Society,  7,  South  Square, 
Gray's  Inn,  W.C.,  will  probably  be  able  to  supply 
bhe  information  you  seek. 


n  s.  iv.  DEC.  2.3,  i9ii.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


501 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  DECEMBER  23,  1911. 


CONTENTS. -No.  104. 

NOTES :— Christmas  in  Brittany,  501-Mistletoe,  502  — 
Christmas  Bibliography  —  Whittington  and  his  Cat : 
Eastern  Variants,  503— Christmas  :  its  European  Names 

—  Portrait  at  Hampton  Court  —  Portrait  found  in  an 
Indian  Bazaar,  505— Needles  in  China— Lord  Herbert  of 
Cherbury's  Rabbinical  Studies— Capt.  Cuttle's  Hook,  506. 

•QU  ERIES  :  —  Edward  Casaubon  —  St.  William's  Day  — 
Threading  St.  Wilfrid's  Needle- West  India  Committee 
—The  Staple  of  Calais— Keats's  '  Ode  to  a  Nightingale  '— 
"  Amurath  to  Amurath  succeeds  "—Authors  Wanted,  507 
— Straw  under  Bridges — Lord  Tilney — Bishops  addressed 
as  "My  Lord"— White:  Warren:  Milburn— John  Bright 
— Eliza  Wesley— Col.  Gordon—"  United  States  Security" 

—  Peploe  Grant  of   Arms,   508 — Thomas  Cromwell,  1752 — 
Dr.  Richard  Russell  — Grandfather  Clocks  in  France  — 
T.    Martin,  Miniature  Painter — Suasso  de  Lima — 'May- 
fair  '—  Balzac  —  Philip  Savage  —  Caversham  :    Chapel  of 

St.  Anne,  509. 

REPLIES  :— Hebrew  Medal,  510  —  Long's  Hotel  — Anti- 
gallican  Society,  512— "  Pe  .  .  tt "— W.  Alabaster,  513— 
Foreign  Journals  in  the  United  States  — E.  Purcell— 
"The  Swiss  Cottage  "— Yarm :  Private  Brown,  514  — 
Britannia  Regiment  — '  Convict  Ship '  —  Spenser  and 
Dante,  515— Prime  Serjeant — Authors  Wanted — Porch 
Inscription,  516—"  Walm  "— G.  Woodberry— 28th  Regi- 
ment—Riming History  of  England,  517  — Urban  V.'s 
Name — North  Devon  Words — Donny  Family  —  Lowther 
and  Cowper  Families,  518. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :— '  Pins  and  Pincushions.' 
Booksellers'  Catalogues. 

OBITUARY  :— W.  T.  Lynn-W.  M.  Graham  Easton. 
Notices  to  Correspondents. 


CHRISTMAS    IN    BRITTANY. 

ONLY  now  am  I  reading  Anatole  Le  Braz's 
admirably  told  '  Vieilles  Histoires  de  Pays 
Breton,'  and  I  feel  that  I  should  like  to 
impart  something  of  my  enjoyment  to  those 
within  the  circle  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  who  are  alive 
to  the  charm  of  the  folk-lore  of  a  rugged 
race,  which,  even  in  these  days,  keeps  much 
to  itself,  and  has  no  great  opinion  of  the 
rest  of  mankind. 

In  a  chapter  headed  '  Nedelek  '  =  Christ- 
mas, we  have  an  account  of  the  beliefs  which 
the  Bretons  have  interwoven  with  the 
Gospel  story.  A  few  days  before  Christmas 
singers  go  about  the  streets,  carolling  the 
Nativity,  and  often  the  rustics  assemble 
on  churchyard  steps  at  night,  regardless  of 
the  weather,  and  give  a  musical  rehearsal  of 
its  incidents.  The  Breton  legend  teaches 
plainly  that  it  was  not  because  there  was 
actually  no  room  in  the  inn  at  Bethlehem 
that  St.  Joseph  and  the  Blessed  Virgin  were 
refused  admission,  but  because  the  host 
wished  to  reserve  such  accommodation  as 
he  had  for  carriage-people.  "  No,  no  :  go 


along,"  cried  he  within  his  closed  doors ; 
"  we  do  not  house  vagabonds."  It  was  only 
when  his  son,  who  was  studying  for  the 
priesthood,  pleaded  for  the  old  man  and  the 
Maid,  that  they  were  allowed  to  take  shelter 
in  the  cattle-shed,  where,  before  morning, 

a  Mother  laid  her  Baby 
In  a  manger  for  His  bed  : — 
Mary  was  that  Mother  mild, 
Jesus  Christ  her  little  Child. 

When  she  wished  for  help  in  the  swathing, 
Joseph  sought  aid  from  the  inn  ;  but  the 
surly  host  refused  to  be  disturbed  from  his 
comfortable  Breton  bed  (lit  clos)  near  the 
hearth,  and  said  that  his  household  could  not 
be  troubled.  In  the  end  he  allowed  his 
daughter  Bertha,  who  had  but  stumps  within 
her  sleeves,  to  accompany  the  pleader  to 
the  shed  ;  and  as  soon  as  she  had  the  Infant 
placed  upon  her  lap,  she  no  longer  lacked 
arms  and  hands  wherewith  to  put  on  the 
swaddling  clothes.  Then  did  Bertha,  whose 
very  smile,  thereafter,  proved  miraculous, 
sing  a  cradle-song,  which  Breton  mothers 
still  use — and  sick  children  at  the  sound  of 
it  fall  asleep  and  are  cured.  "Thou  hast 
watched  by  me  on  earth  to-night,"  said 
Our  Lady  to  her  ; 

"  thou  shalt  enjoy  near  me  the  light  of  endless 
day.  Thy  festival  shall  be  celebrated  just  before 
mine.  Women  in  childbed  shall  invoke  thee  in 
their  pain,  and  bless  thee  in  their  joy.  Thou  shalt 
give  health  and  strength  to  nurslings,  and  to 
nurses  nutrition  inexhaustible.  This  promise 
which  I  make,  thou  inayst  be  sure  my  Son  will 
ratify." 

When  the  angels  sang  '  Gloria  '  the  whole 
world  thrilled,  and  everybody — the  mountain 
shepherds  first,  then  mariners,  labourers, 
artisans,  and,  last,  the  kings — trooped  to 
Bethlehem.  Even  in  limbo  the  spirits  were 
permitted  to  gaze  on  the  bright  face  of 
Emmanuel. 

Christmas  is  a  festival  still  for  the  dead 
as  well  as  for  the  living,  and  sometimes 
when  country-folk  are  on  their  way  to 
the  Midnight  Mass,  they  encounter  a  pro- 
cession of  souls,  headed  by  a  silent  priest 
accompanied  by  a  choirboy  who  shakes 
a  bell  which  makes  no  sound.  This  cortege 
makes  its  way  to  some  ruined  chapel,  and 
there,  on  an  altar  generally  deserted,  but 
now  mysteriously  vested  and  lighted, 
almost  inaudibly  the  Sacrifice  is  offered. 
The  souls  are  habited  in  white  or  grey  or 
black,  according  to  the  stage  of  their 
purification. 

On  Christmas  night  the  cattle  have 
double  provender,  and  they  are  better 
bedded  than  at  ordinary  times.  They 
talk  among  themselves  in  human  speech. 


502 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       m  s.  iv.  DEC.  23, 1911. 


A  terrible  tale  is  told  of  a  farmer  who, 
having  been  unmerciful  to  his  beasts, 
was  condemned  to  return  from  the  other 
world  at  this  season,  and  to  be  trodden 
underfoot  by  the  occupants  of  the  stable 
until  his  offences  were  expiated  by  suffering. 
Many  a  Breton  soul  is  supposed  to  come 
ba?k  to  earth  to  work  out  its  sentence. 

Not  only  animate  beings,  but  the  whole 
creation  enters  into  the  joy  of  Christmas- 
tide.  While  the  twelve  strokes  of  mid- 
night sound  on  the  Eve  of  the  Nativity, 
both  land  and  water  are  stirred  ;  treasure 
hoards  and  enchanted  halls  are  revealed, 
and  brown  leaves  which  may  yet  nutter 
on  the  trees  become  momentarily  green  ; 
love-compelling  golden  grass  (Vherbe  d'or) 
flowers,  and  scents  the  meadows.  The 
wells  give  wine  instead  of  water.  M.  Le 
Braz  asserts  that  there  are  poor  people 
in  Brittany  who  have  never  tasted  wine. 
Why,  it  is  asked,  should  not  the  Jesus,  who 
is  then  being  born  repeat  in  their  favour 
just  once  a.  year  the  miracle  of  Cana  ? 

ST.  SWITHIN. 


MISTLETOE. 

SOME  account  of  this  "  quaint  and  mystic  " 
plant,  the  Viscum  album  of  the  botanist, 
and  its  association  with  superstition,  may 
be  suitable  at  this  festive  season.  Although 
it  was  the  mistletoe  of  the  oak  that  the 
Druids  consecrated,  yet  the  green  tufts 
of  mistletoe  are  rarely  to  be  found  on  the 
oak  tree.  Its  favourite  trees,  in  this  country, 
appear  to  be  the  poplar,  whitethorn,  and 
especially  the  apple  tree  ;  it  also  grows 
on  willows,  limes,  elms,  and  firs  ;  less  often 
on  the  mountain  ash  and  maple.  It  has 
been  found  on  the  larch  and  the  cedar  of 
Lebanon.  In  Scotland  it  is  almost  unknown. 
At  no  period  of  its  existence  does  it  derive 
any  nourishment  from  the  soil.  The  mistle- 
toe held  111  veneration  by  the  Druids  was 
that  which  was  found  only  on  the  oak, 
and  its  virtues  depended  altogether  upon 
the  manner  in  which  it  was  obtained. 
A  religious  procession  of  Druids  and  Druid- 
esses  repaired  to  the  forest,  and  having 
found  the  mistletoe,  the  chief  priest  ascended 
the  oak  in  which  it  was  growing.  They  sang 
a  hymn — "  ad  viscum  cantare  Druidse 
solebant  " — and  then  the  plant  was  cut 
down  with  a  silver  sickle  and  received  in  a 
clean  white  sheet  spread  out  below,  and 
held  up  by  the  other  priests  ;  for  the 
mistletoe  lost  all  its  virtues  if  it  touched  the 
ground.  The  other  Druids  received  it  with 
respect,  and  the  attendant  youths  dis- 


tributed it  to  the  people  as  a  holy  thing,, 
crying,  "  The  mistletoe  for  the  New  Year." 

Other  superstitions  connected  with  this 
plant  are  recorded.  For  instance,  in  Sweden, 
a  ring  made  from  its  wood  is  considered 
to  be  a  charm  against  evil.  In  Worcester- 
shire there  is  a  popular  belief  that  farmers- 
were  in  the  habit  of  cutting  a  bough  of 
mistletoe,  and  giving  it  to  the  cow  that 
first  calved  after  New  Year's  Day  to  eat, 
as  this  was  supposed  to  avert  ill-luck  frcm 
the  dairy.  In  the  West  of  England  there 
is  also  a  tradition  that  the  Cross  was  made 
of  mistletoe,  which  until  that  time  had  been 
a  fine  forest  tree,  but  was  henceforth,  as  a 
punishment,  condemned  to  lead  a  parasitical 
existence,  and  never  to  draw  sustenance 
from  the  earth  again.  In  Brittany  the 
plant  is  named  herbe  de  la  Croix.  In  some 
districts  it  is  called  the  devil's  fuge — also  the 
spectre  wand,  from  a  belief  that  with  due 
incantations  a  branch  held  in  the  hand  will 
compel  the  appearance  of  a  spectre,  and 
require  it  to  speak.  Medicinally  it  was 
formerly  used  as  an  anti-spasmodic.  Persons 
in  Sweden  afflicted  with  epilepsy  carry 
with  them  a  knife  having  a  handle  of  oak 
mistletoe,  which  plant  they  call  "  thunder- 
besom,"  connecting  it  with  lightning  and 
fire.  The  oak  mistletoe  had  such  repute  for 
"helping"  in  the  diseases  incidental  to 
infirmity  and  old  age  that  it  was  called 
lignum  Sanctce  Crucis — wood  of  the  Holy 
Cross.  Sir  John  Colbatch  in  1720  pub- 
lished '  A  Dissertation  concerning  the 
Mistletoe  :  a  Most  Wonderful  Specifick  for 
the  Cure  of  Convulsive  Distempers,'  in 
which  he  says  : — 

"  This  beautiful  plant  must  have  been  designed 
by  the  Almighty  for  further  and  more  noble 
purposes  than  barely  to  feed  thrushes,  or  to  be 
hung  superstitiously  in  houses  to  drive  away 
evil  spirits." 

Sculptured  sprays  and  berries,  with  leaves 
of  mistletoe,  fill  the  spandrels  of  the  tomb 
of  one  of  the  Berkeleys  in  Bristol  Cathedral — 
a  very  rare  adornment,  because,  for  some 
unknown  reason,  the  parasite  has  been 
generally  excluded  from  the  decorations  of 
churches.  The  custom  of  decorating  houses 
at  Christmas  with  evergreens,  of  which  the 
mistletoe  is  one,  is  a  remnant  of  Druidism, 
and  was  originally  intended  as  an  inducement 
to  the  sylvan  spirits  to 

"  repair  to  them,  and  remain  unnipped  with  frost 
and  cold  winds,  until  a  milder  season  had  renewed 
the  foliage  of  their  darling  abodes." 

The  custom  of  kissing  under  the  mistletoe 
seems  to  have  been  derived  from  the  Scandi- 
navians. According  to  them  one  of  their 
most  beautiful,  bright,  and  good-natured 


n  s.  iv.  DEC.  23,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


503 


gods  was  killed  by  an  arrow  of  mistletoe, 
which  an  earth-god  had  shot  at  him.  The 
goddess  Friga  wove  a  spell  whereby  mistletoe 
was  prevented  from  growing  on  the  earth 
again  ;  hence  it  grows  on  trees  ;  and  she 
decreed  that  it  must  be  suspended  in  mid- 
pu;r,  and  under  it  the  kiss  of  peace  be  ex- 
changed ;  and  this  is  why  we  have  the 
mistletoe  in  our  houses  at  Christmas. 

TOM  JONES. 


CHRISTMAS  : 

BIBLIOGRAPHY    AND    NOTES. 
(Continued  from  US.  ii.  502.) 

TWENTY- SIXTH  LIST. 

14 — .  A  fifteenth-century  Christmas  carol,  in 
English,  of  5  stanzas,  with  the  refrain  "  And 
Ihesus  is  hys  name,"  in  Robinson  and  James, 
'  MSS.  Westm.  Abb.,'  1909,  p.  76. 

1631.  Taylor,  John.  The  Complaint  of  Christ- 
mas. And  the  Teares  of  Twelfetyde.  London  : 
Printed  for  I.  B.  and  H.  G.  and  are  to  be  sold  at 
the  signe  of  the  Marigold  in  Pauls  Church-yard. 
Sm.  4to. — Includes  '  A  Christmas  Carroll  to  the 
tune  of  PooreTom.'  Mr.  Tregaskis  asked  165L  for 
his  unique  copy  ;  see  The  Times,  15  March,  1911. 

16 — .  Wither,  George.  A  Christmas  Carroll. 
— Reprinted  at  the  Knickerbocker  Press,  with 
illustrations  by  Frank  T.  Merrill,  8vo,  pp.  103. 

1745.  Wesley,  John.  Hymns  for  the  Nativity 
of  our  Lord.  Sm.  8vo,  pp.  24. — First  ed.,  no 
date  ;  Osborn,  '  Wesleyan  Bibliography,'  1869, 
p.  18. 

1776.  Garrick,  D.  A  Christmas  Tale.— Acted 
27  Dec.,  1773  ;  '  D.N.B.,'  xxi.  23  a. 

18 — .  Southey,  Robert.  English  Eclogues.  The 
Old  Mansion.  [On  the  decay  of  Christmas- 
keeping.] 

18 — .  Benson,  Joseph,  Wesleyan  minister,  died 
1821.  "  For  fifty  years  he  preached  at  least  once, 
generally  twice,  and  not  seldom  thrice,  on  Christ- 
mas-day, this  blessed  day." — '  Memoirs,'  by 
Treffry,  1840,  p.  311. 

1833.  Christmas  Carols,  with  appropriate 
Music,  frontisp.,  sin.  4to,  J.  W.  Parker. 

187-.  The  Royal  Cradle,  and  other  Carols.  By 
S.  D.  N.  Photographs,  sq.  12mo,  pp.  48. 

187-.  Buchanan,  Robert.  The  Ballad  of  Mary 
the  Mother  :  a  Christmas  Carol.  8vo. 

187-.  Ewing,  Juliana  Horatia.  A  Christmas 
Mumming  Play. 

1901.  The  Blessing  of  the  Waters  on  the  Eve  of 
the  Epiphany  :  the  Greek,  Latin,  Syriac,  Coptic, 
and  Russian  Versions,  edited  and  translated  by 
John,  Marquess  of  Bute,  and  E.  A.  Wallis  Budge. 
8vo.— See  9  S.  xii.  502. 

1904.  WToodward,  G.  R.  The  Cowley  Caro 
Book  for  Christmas,  Easter,  and  Ascension-tide 
8vo,  pp.  88. 

1910.  Powell,  Rev.  James  Baden.  Six  Christ 
mas  Carols.  Three  series  (18  carols).  Novello. 

1910.  The  Vineyard,  No.  3.  Christmas  num 
ber. — Contains  many  articles  on  Christmas. 


1910.  The    Observance     of     Christmas     Day 
The  Times,  24  Dec. 

1911.  The  Twelfth  Day,  The  Times,  6  Jan. 
1911.     Graham,    Stephen.      Vagabond    in    the 

aucasus.     Contains  '  Christmas  in  Little  Russia ' 
and  '  Mummers  at  a  Country  House,'  pp.  24-51. 

1911.  The  Epiphany  Blessing  of  Water  in  the- 
Western  Church.  By  A.  M.  Y.  Baylay,  in  Pax, 
Daldey  Quarterly  Paper,  June,  pp.  311-21. — 
A  previous  article  on  the  Eastern  version,  in  the 
same,  Dec.,  1910. 

1911.  Christmas  at  the  Capital  of  Menelik. 
By  Ian  Hay.  Blackwood,  Sept. 

1911.  Bazin,  Rene".  La  Douce  France.  Con- 
tains '  Noel,'  pp.  87-90,  "  bergers  avec  un  agneau  '" 
at  Midnight  Mass. 

W.  C.  B, 


WHITTINGTON    AND    HIS    CATr 
EASTERN  VARIANTS. 

THIS  well-known  British  household  tale  has 
been  treated  with  its  sundry  variants — 
Italian,  Breton,  Norwegian,  Russian,  and 
Persian — in  W.  A.  Clouston's  '  Popular 
Tales  and  Fictions,'  1887,  vol.  ii.  pp.  65-78.. 
The  account  concludes  with  this  remark  : — 

"  With  regard  to  the  Russian  version,  Mr.. 
Ralston  thinks  there  can  be  little  doubt  as  to  its 
origin,  '  such  a  feature  as  the  incense-burning, 
pointing  directly  to  a  Buddhist  source  '  ;  and 
he  is  probably  right  in  this  conjecture,  notwith- 
standing the  circumstantial  and  unembellished 
narrative  of  the  Persian  historian  [Abdullah,  the 
son  of  Fazlullah,  in  whose  '  Events  of  Ages  and 
Fates  of  Cities  '  it  is  given],  to  which,  however, 
he  makes  no  reference.  The  original  Buddhist 
story — or  a  variant  of  it — may  well  have  reached 
Russia  via  China.  Yet  nothing  at  all  like  our 
story  has  hitherto  been  found  in  Indian  fiction, 
so  far  as  I  am  aware,  which  is  strange,  since  we 
have  seen  that  it  has  been  so  long  domiciled  in 
Persia  as  to  become  one  of  the  historical  traditions 
of  that  country.  But  if  the  facts  be  not  as  the 
Persian  historian  relates  them  [namely,  that  the 
monarchy  of  Kays  was  primarily  established  upon 
the  wealth  which  a  cat  of  a  poor  old  widow  at 
Siraf  had  put  in  her  possession  through  its  in- 
valuable service  to  an  Indian  sovereign  in  freeing 

him   from    mice] whence  came  the  story  into 

Persia  ?  From  India  unquestionably  ;  and  we 
may  trust  that  the  Buddhist  original  will  yet  be 
discovered." 

Has  this  expectation  of  Clouston  been 
fulfilled  ?  That  such  has  not  been  the  case 
I  gather  from  '  The  Encyclopaedia  Britannica,' 
1910,  vol.  xxviii.  p.  615,  where  the  deriva- 
tion of  this  tale  is  summarized  briefly 
thus  : — 

"Attempts  have  been  made  to  explain  the 
story  as  possibly  referring  to  vessels  called  '  cats,' 
which  were  employed  in  the  North  Sea  trade,  or 
to  the  French  achat  (purchase).  But  Thomas 
Keightley  ['  Tales  and  Popular  Fictions,'  1834] 
traced  the  cat  story  in  Persian,  Danish,  and 
Italian  folk-lore  at  least  as  far  back  as  the  thir- 
teenth century." 


504 


NOTES  AND   QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  23, 1911. 


For  my  part,  recently  making  a  general 
rummage  among  the  several  Chinese  trans- 
lations of  the  Buddhist  Canon,  I  have  come 
across  an  Indian  story  which  was  evi- 
dently contemporary  with  the  Buddha,  and 
was  recorded,  at  the  latest,  within  a  few  cen- 
turies of  his  death,  and  bears  a  striking 
appearance  of  having  been  the  main  source 
which  gave  rise  to  all  the  versions  that  exist 
in  Europe  and  Persia.  As  the  narration  is 
too  lengthy  for  insertion,  I  translate  it,  with 
some  omissions,  as  follows  : — 

"  In  times  of  yore  there  dwelt  an  opulent  man 
in  a  village.  Not  very  long  after  marriage  his 
wife  bore  him  a  son,  when  he  resolved  to  make 
a  voyage  for  acquiring  immense  riches.  Fearing 
that  to  leave  her  with  abundance  might  cause 
her  ruin  by  a  luxurious  life,  he  gave  his  wife 
&  very  limited  sum,  secretly  entrusting  most  of 
his  money  to  a  fellow-trader  on  condition 
that  he  should  relieve  her  in  all  emergencies. 
Thus  he  went  on  the  ocean,  was  shipwrecked,  and 
was  heard  of  no  more.  Thenceforth  his  trustee 
became  absolutely  heedless  of  the  contract  ;  his 
wife  and  son  lived  in  poverty,  succoured  now  and 
again  by  her  relatives.  When  the  son  had  grown 
up,  he  inquired  of  his  mother  what  had  been  his 
forefathers'  business.  '  Trade,'  she  replied.  He 
asked  her  to  get  funds  sufficient  for  him  to  start 
in  trade.  The  mother  answered,  '  I  have  now 
nothing  left,  after  having  so  hardly  reared  you 
up  with  the  frequent  help  of  our  relatives. 
But,'  continued  she,  '  So-and-so,  a  trader  in 
this  village,  was  formerly  a  bosom  friend  of  your 
father  ;  so  you  may  obtain  certain  aid  if  you  only 
call  upon  him  for  it.'  The  son  followed  the  advice 
and  went  to  see  him. 

"When  the  lad  came  close  to  the  trader's 
dwelling,  it  happened  that  the  master  was 
violently  rebuking  a  numskull  who  had  three 
times  lost  the  money  which  the  former  had  lent 
him.  Now  out  of  the  house  there  came  a 
maidservant  carrying  sweepings  with  a  dead 
rat  in  them.  Glancing  his  eye  thereon,  the 
master  asked  the  much-confounded  debtor  this 
offhand  question  :  '  Know  you  not  that  a  clever 
fellow  could  make  himself  rich  even  with  this 
dead  rat  as  the  only  means  to  set  himself 
up  ?  '  Overhearing  this,  the  lad  thought  it 
contained  a  great  truth.  He  followed  the 
maidservant  to  a  distance,  saw  her  throw  the 
rat  in  a  pit,  picked  it  up,  and  kept  it  by  him. 
Thence  he  went  to  a  city,  where  he  found 
a  cat  chained  by  the  neck  to  a  pillar,  and 
apparently  very  hungry.  He  showed  the  rat  to 
the  cat  which  began  to  spring  towards  it.  Now 
the  keeper  of  the  cat  appeared,  and  after  a 
brief  bargaining  with  the  lad  bartered  two 
handfuls  of  pease  for  the  dead  rat,  with  which 
to  feed  his  pet  animal.  The  lad  baked  the 
pease  upon  a  heated  tile.  After  eating  but  a 
small  portion,  he  put  the  remnants  in  his 
sleeves,  and  carried  them  with  a  potful  of  cool 
water  into  an  outlying  part  of  the  city  where 
woodcutters  used  to  halt  on  their  way  home. 
After  waiting  there  till  the  evening,  he  saw 
them  return  from  their  work,  and  accosted 
them,  saying,  '  Brothers  it  was  very  hot  to-day ; 
rest  yourselves  here  for  a  while.'  He  entertained 
them  with  his  pease  and  cool  water,  and  was 


given  by  everyone  of  them  a  faggot  with  thanks. 
He  made  them  into  a  bundle,  took  them  into  the 
market,  and  sold  them  for  cowries.  With  all  the 
money-shells  he  thus  earned  he  bought  a  quantity 
of  pease,  baked  them,  and  took  them  with  water 
as  before  to  the  woodcutters'  halting -place. 
By  daily  pursuing  the  same  course  he  became  at 
length  possessed  of  a  not  inconsiderable  fortune. 
One  day  he  told  them,  '  Do  not  weary  yourselves 
any  more  by  going  each  of  you  to  the  market  for 
vending  firewood  :  it  Will  be  far  better  for  you 
to  put  up  all  your  Wood  in  my  hut  and  let  me 
transact  the  sales  for  you  all.'  Their  consent  was 
unanimous  ;  ever  after  they  used  every  day  to 
bring  in  firewood  and  receive  the  price  from  him. 
Another  time,  it  incessantly  rained  for  a  whole 
week,  which  immensely  raised  the  value  of  fuel, 
so  that  his  gain  was  very  extraordinary. 

"Now  the  lad  considered  it  unwise  to  remain  in 
such  a  paltry  occupation  as  that  of  a  fuel-seller,  so 
he  turned  himself  into  a  dealer  in  miscellaneous 
Wares,  then  into  a  perfumer,  then  into  a  money- 
broker,  every  change  of  his  business  being  imme- 
diately attended  with  rapid  multiplication  of  his 
fortune.  As  the  last-named  business  of  his 
prospered  so  greatly  as  to  overshadow  the  fame 
of  all  other  money-brokers,  the  latter  used  to 
give  vent  to  their  anger  by  calling  him  the  Bat- 
Money-Broker,  holding  in  derision  his  riches, 
which  had  risen  from  a  single  rat's  carcass. 
Further,  full  of  raging  envy,  they  met  together 
and  deliberated  upon  how  to  overturn  the  estab- 
lishment of  this  marvellous  parvenu.  The  deci- 
sion they  came  to  was  that  they  should  somehow 
urge  the  lad  to  go  for  great  profits  on  the  ocean, 
where  he  might  meet  an  untimely  death,  as  was 
the  fate  of  his  father.  So  they  assembled  within 
earshot  of  his  office,  when  one  of  them  broke  forth 
loudly  into  this  speech  :  '  Know  you  not  this 
worldwide  principle,  The  more  the  generation 
proceeds,  the  more  degradation  obtains  ?  Thus, 
even  in  a  single  man's  life,  the  gradual  abasement 
of  his  status  compels  him  to  alter  his  means  of 
travelling,  from  elephant  to  horse,  from  horse  to 
sedan,  from  sedan  to  shanks's  mare.  And  it  is 
a  good  example  you  are  now  witnessing  in  this 
Bat-Money-Broker,  who  is  ever  toiling  in  such  a 
trivial  vocation  as  the  exchange  of  coins  and 
cowries,  whereas  all  his  fathers  were  renowned  for 
their  success  in  oceanic  trade.'  The  Bat-Money- 
Broker,  after  hearkening  to  this  speech,  went 
home  and  questioned  his  mother  :  '  Is  it  true  that 
my  ancestors  were  very  rich  because  of  bringing 
home  a  great  many  rarities  from  the  ocean  ? 
She  replied,  '  Yes,  it  is  true,'  for  she  rightly 
suspected  from  his  words  that  somebody  had 
already  disclosed  it  to  her  son. 

"The  mother's  answering  in  this  way  in- 
stantly stirred  up  in  his  mind  such  a  fervent 
desire  to  seek  for  treasures  over  the  ocean  that 
he  would  thenceforward  never  desist  from  entreat- 
ing her  permission  to  do  so.  Finally,  her  assent 
was  given,  though  very  reluctantly.  He  prepared 
a  large  vessel,  gathered  skilful  sailors  and  well- 
natured  companions,  and  departed  from  the 
harbour  under  propitious  gales,  which,  after  a 
comparatively  short  time,  made  the  vessel  reach 
the  Jewellery  Land  (Batnadvlpa).  Then  he 
formed  a  vast  collection  of  valuables  and  returned 
home  with  it.  Such  successful  voyages  in  safety  he 
made  seven  times  altogether,  whereby  he  became 
peerlessly  rich.  Then  his  mother  advised  him 
to  get  married,  but  he  answered,  *  Well,  I  \vill 


n  s.  iv.  DEC.  23,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


505 


get  married  when  I  shall  have  paid  all  my  debt.' 
While  she  was  wondering  who  was  really  his 
creditor,  he  produced  a  silver  platter,  piled  it 
up  with  gold  dust,  and  adorned  it  with  four 
images  of  a  rat  wrought  in  the  four  precious  sub- 
stances [i.e.,  gold,  silver,  crystal,  and  sapphire]. 
This  set  of  ornaments  he  carried  himself  into  the 
house  of  his  father's  trustee,  just  when  the  latter 
was  rehearsing  to  his  own  friends  the  wondrous 
rumour,  '  Know  you  not  that  this  Rat-Money- 
Broker  is  endowed  with  a  great  virtue  which 
enables  him  to  turn  at  pleasure  any  tiles  or 
stones  into  gold  or  jewellery?  '  As  soon  as  he  was 
led  in  by  a  doorkeeper,  he  presented  the  master 
with  those  sumptuous  articles,  and  declared  he 
had  thus  cleared  himself  from  his  debt — specifying 
the  four  artificial  rats  as  equal  to  the  original 
principal,  and  the  silver  platter  with  gold  dust  as 
an  equivalent  for  the  interest.  With  boundless 
amazement  the  master  observed,  '  I  have  no 
recollection  of  my  having  lent  you  money  on 
any  occasion  whatsoever.'  Then  the  Bat-Money- 
Broker  told  him  all  his  personal  history.  Upon 
learning  who  was  his  father,  the  master  said  to 
him,  '  Now  I  know  you  are  the  son  of  my  late 
intimate  friend.  And  why  should  I  accept  such 
a  repayment  from  you  ?  Contrariwise,  I  ought 
to  restore  to  you  all  that  your  dead  father  had 
entrusted  me  with  for  your  benefit.'  Then  he 
attired  his  eldest  daughter  superbly,  and  wedded 
her  to  the  Rat-Money-Broker." — Fol.  1-6  in 
the  32nd  tome  of  the  Japanese  '  Oobaku ' 
reprint  in  the  seventeenth  century  of  the  '  Kan- 
pan-shwoh  Yih-tsi-yu-pu  Pi-na-ya,'  or  a  Chinese 
translation  of  the  '  Mula-sarvasti-vada-nikaya- 
nidana,'  by  I-tsing  (A.D.  635-713),  the  distin- 
guished Buddhist  priest,  whose  travel  and  study 
in  India  occupied  the  years  between  671  and  695. 

This  Indian  story,  which  we  may  safely 
take  as  the  Buddhist  original  which 
Clouston  sought  for  in  vain,  differs  from 
the  European  and  Persian  variants  in  this 
particular,  that  it  is  a  rat  therein  which 
originates  the  immense  fortune  of  the  Rat- 
Money-Broker,  whereas  a  cat  is  made  the 
producer  of  the  great  wealth  of  Whittington 
or  the  old  widow  of  Kays.  To  explain  the 
cause  of  this  remarkable  difference,  I  shall 
proceed  to  examine  how,  in  ancient  times, 
the  rat  or  mouse  and  the  cat  were  regarded 
by  the  peoples  of  distinct  faiths  in  Asia, 
where  doubtless  these  stories  were  first 
formed.  KUMAGUSU  MINAKATA. 

Tanabe,  Kii,  Japan. 

(To  be  concluded.) 


CHRISTMAS  AND  ITS  NAME  IN  EUROPEAN 
LANGUAGES. — At  this  gladsome  time  of  the 
year  it  may  be  not  out  of  place  nor  unwel- 
come to  give  a  brief  synopsis  of  the  various 
names  applied  to  Christmas  in  our  living 
European  tongues,  though  not  embracing  the 
whole  of  them. 

1.  The  Dutch  call  it  Kerst-mis,  i.e.,  like 
Christmas  in  its  origin. 


2.  In  German  it  is  called  Weihnachten, 
i.e.,  geweihte  Nacht,  holy  night. 

3.  In  Old  Norse  or  Icelandic,  Jol,  whence 
Dano-Norwegian  and  Swedish  Jul,  i.e.,  our 
Yule. 

4.  In  French,  Noel  (i.e.,  dies  Natalis). 

5.  In  Italian,  Roumanian,  and  Portuguese, 
Natale,  Natal. 

6.  In  Spanish,  Navidad  (i.e.,  Nativitas). 

7.  In    Cech    or   Bohemian,    Vanoce    (i.e., 
adopted  from  Weihnachten). 

8.  In  Serbian,  Bozic  (i.e.,  Godly  day). 

9.  In  Polish,  Narodzenie,    Gody  (akin  to 
Lat.  gaudium  ?). 

10.  In  Bulgarian,  Razdane  (i.e.,  birth  [of 
Christ]). 

11.  In     Russian,     Rozdestvo     Christovo 
(= birth  of  Christ). 

12.  In  Modern  Greek,  Christugenna  (i.e., 
birth  of  Christ). 

To  return  home  again  to  the  British  Isles  : 

13.  In    Cymric    or    Welsh,    Nadolic    (i.e., 
mediaeval  Lat.  Natalicia). 

14.  In  Erse  or  Irish  and  Gaelic,  Nod  log, 
Notlaio  (i.e.,  Natalicia).  H.  KREBS. 

PORTRAIT  AT  HAMPTON  COURT. — There 
is  at  Hampton  Court  a  portrait  by  Kneller 
said  to  represent  '  Miss  Pitt,  afterwards 
Mrs.  Scroop  '  (Mr.  Law's  Catalogue,  No.  40), 
and  Mrs.  Jerrold,  in  her  book  on  '  The  Fair 
Ladies  of  Hampton  Court,'  has  suggested 
that  a  mistake  has  been  made  in  naming  it. 
I  think  she  is  right,  for  in  "  The  Second, 
Fourth,  and  Seventh  Satyrs  of  Monsieur 
Boileau  Imitated; .  .  .  1696,"  there  are  some 
lines  (p.  48)  '  To  a  Lady  whose  Name  was 
formerly  Scroup  [sic]  now  Pitts  [sic],  having 
seen  her  Picture  in  the  Gallery  at  Hampton- 
Court.'  In  some  commendatory  verses 
prefixed  to  the  volume  the  lady  is  referred 
to  as 

the  Goddess  who  shall  ever  live 
In  those  fair  colours,  which  your  Verses  give  : 
Whose  Matchless  Face,  and  all  perfections  shine, 
Less  bright  f rom  Kneller's  Skilful  hand,  than  thine. 
G.  THORN-DRURY. 

PORTRAIT  FOUND  IN  AN  INDIAN  BAZAAR. 
— With  reference  to  the  finding  in  India 
of  a  sketch  of  Napoleon  on  his  death-bed 
(see  ante,  p.  284),  a  distinguished  kins- 
woman of  mine  tells  me  of  a  similar  curious 
find  in  another  Indian  bazaar. 

Mrs.  Craven  (nee  de  la  Ferronnays)  told 
her  that  they  had  no  good  portrait  of  their 
sister-in-law  Alexandrine,  because  the 
fashions  in  her  day  were  so  hideous  !  But 
there  was  a  miniature  taken  of  her  in  fancy 
dress,  and  this  was  unfortunately  lost.  Many 
years  later  Sir  Mountstuart  Grant  Duff 


506 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         m  s.  iv.  DEC.  23, 1911. 


found  in  the  Madras  bazaar  a  miniature 
without  name,  which,  from  his  intimate 
acquaintance  with  the  family  of  the  writer 
•of  '  Le  Recit  d'une  Soeur,'  he  immediately 
recognized  and  bought.  This  was  the  long- 
lost  portrait.  But  no  explanation  was  ever 
forthcoming  of  the  manner  in  which  it 
found  its  way  to  India. 

J.  H.  RIVETT-CARNAC. 

NEEDLES  IN  CHINA:  QUAINT  USE. — 
"  The  importation  of  needles  at  Chungking  last 
year  increased  from  31,963,000  to  334,700,000. 
In  many  parts  of  the  province  these  are  put  to  a 
<use  that  is  not  perhaps  generally  known.  It  is 
-customary  to  ornament  the  centre  of  the  roof  ridge 
•of  a  Chinese  house  with  an  elaborate  plaster 
-decoration — usually  in  the  form  of  a  design  em- 
bodying the  character  '  fu,'  meaning  happiness. 
'To  prevent  this  being  damaged  by  the  depreda- 
tion of  crows,  large  numbers  of  needles  are  stuck 
point  outwards  into  the  plaster  while  it  is  still 

rSOft." 

I  cut  the  foregoing  paragraph  from  a  news- 
paper some  months  ago.  It  reminded  me 
of  what  Josephus  wrote  about  the  Temple 
of  Jerusalem  of  his  time,  in  '  Wars  of  the 
Jews,'  Book  V.  chap.  v.  sec.  6  : — 

"  On  its  top  it  had  spikes  with  sharp  points, 
to  prevent  any  pollution  of  it  by  birds  sitting 
mpon  it." 

ST.   SWITHIN. 

LORD    HERBERT    OF    CHERBURY'S    RAB- 
BINICAL STUDIES. — Though  Sir  Sidney  Lee 
Jias    elected    to    leave    the    question    quite 
open    both    in    his    valuable    introductory 
notice  and  in  the  appendices  to  his  edition  oJ 
Lord  Herbert  of  Cherbury's  'Autobiography 
.(Routledge),    we   know    too    much   of     the 
great  sixteenth  century  to  have  any  doubts 
whether  such  an  adventurous  spirit  as  Lore 
Herbert  would,  in  due  time,   be  drawn  to 
one  of  the  most  fascinating  of  studies.     He 
:spent  many  of  his  earlier  years  (from  1590 
to    1624)    among   the   foremost   Continenta 
scholars    and    philosophers  ;      but    I    think 
Isaac       Casaubon        ("that      incomparabl 
.scholar"    with  whom  Herbert     had    man; 
familiar    conversations  in  Paris  during  the 
year   1608)  must  have  directed   his   arden 
pupil  and  admirer  to  the  writings  of  Erasmus 
Reuchlin,    and  Buxtorf,    and    inspired  tin 
Rabbinical  enthusiasm  and  zeal  he  acquirec 
towards    the  end  of  his   career.      The  Ian 
guage  of   those  passages,  at  the  end  of  th 
'Autobiography,1  implies   more  than  a  cur 
sory  acquaintance  with  Rabbinical  method 
.and  machinery.    Writing  of  his  famous  wor] 
'  De  Veritate,'    which    Grotius   was    urgin 
him  to  print,  he  says  : — 

"  I  took  my  book  in  my  hands  and  devoutl. 
said  these  words  :    '  O  thou  eternal  God,    Autho 


f  the  light  which  now  shines  upon  me,  and 
river  of  all  inward  illuminations,  I  do  beseech 
'hee  of  Thy  infinite  goodness  to  pardon  a  greater 
squest  than  a  sinner  ought  to  make  ;  I  am  not 
atisfied  enough  whether  I  shall  publish  this 
look  "  De  Veritate  ";  if  it  be  for  Thy  glory,  I 
eseech  Thee  give  me  a  sign  from  heaven  ;  if 
iot,  I  shall  suppress  it.'  I  had  no  sooner  spoken 
hese  words,  but  a  loud  though  yet  gentle  noise 
ame  from  the  heavens,  for  it  was  like  nothing  on 
arth,  which  did  so  comfort  and  cheer  me,  that 
took  my  petition  as  granted." 

Ie  thereupon  decided  to  print  the  book, 
w  this  "  asking  for  a  sign  "  is  a  well-known 
Rabbinical  device,  and  was  introduced  sub- 
equent  to  the  close  of  the  canon,  and  the 
iges  of  prophecy,  as  a  coefficient  of  morality 
'  Mesachta  Yoma,'  9).  The  finest  example 
)f  the  uses  of  the  "  Bath  Koul,"  or  "  voice 
rom  the  skies,"  is  to  be  found  in  '  Pirke 
Aboth,'  vi.  2.  Rabbi  Joshua  Ben  Levi 
said  : — 

"  Every  morning  a  Bath  Koul  hovers  over 
Mount  Horeb  and  proclaims,  '  Woe  unto  all  who 
shall  despise  the  study  of  the  Torah  :  inasmuch 
as  whoso  fails  to  study  it  is  denounced  therein 
as  "  a  vile  being."  '  In  another  place  we  read: 

The  tablets  are  God's  own  handiwork,  and  the 
.nscriptions  "  graven  "  thereon  were  prepared  in 
Heaven.'  Now  you  are  not  to  spell  it  charuth 

graven),  but  cheiruth  (freedom)  ;  since  those 
only  are  '  freemen '  who  study  the  Torah  ; 
whoso  study  the  Torah  are  exalted  step  by  step  ; 
even  as  it  was  proclaimed  in  Numb.  xxi.  19,  '^In- 
somuch as  ye  did  consent  to  accept  "  the  gift  "  of 
Dhe  Torah  (Ummeemattono,  from  tnatton=g\it) 
ye  are  now  become  sole  legatees  of  the  Divine 
(Nacliliel),  and  with  "  this  boundless  heritage  " 
of  Mine  (Ummeenachliel),  ye  may  raise  your- 
selves to  "  the  highest  places  "  (Bamoth)  of  the 
World.'" 

From  such  rugged  material  the  old  exegetes 
struck  glittering  ore,  and  beguiled  the  scanty 
leisure  during  the  hours  periodically  allotted 
to  Seechath  Chulin  ("  informal  talks,"  or  con- 
versaziones), which  always  inaugurated 
"  the  heavv  debates"  associated  with  "  the 
Halacha  "  (jurisprudence). 

M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

Percy  House,  South  Hackney. 

CAPT.  CUTTLE'S  HOOK. — Everything  con- 
cerning Capt.  Cuttle,  our  "  guide,  philo- 
sopher, and  friend,"  is  of  interest  to  readers 
of  '  N.  &  Q.'  In  the  engraved  title  of  my 
copy  of  '  Dombey  and  Son,'  "  with  illus- 
trations by  H.  K.  Browne"  (1848),  the 
captain  has  his  hook  on  the  left  wrist  ; 
while  in  the  engraved  fantasy  facing  it, 
which  introduces  t  he  characters  of  the  story, 
he  wears  it  on  his  right  wrist.  On  p.  86  we 
are  told  that  he  "  re-attached  the  hook  to 
his  right  wrist."  In  seven  of  the  other  pic- 
tures in  the  book  he  appears  with  it  on  his 
"right  wrist"  ;  but  in  one  other  (opposite 


us. iv. DEC. 2U91L]         NOTES   AND   QUERIES. 


507 


p.  238)  it  is  on  the  left  wrist.  The  same 
is  found  in  the  "  Library  Edition-,"  pub- 
lished by  Chapman  &  Hall,  with  the  illus- 
trations by  "  Phiz  "  reproduced.  I  am 
not  a  close  student  of  Dickens,  although  I 
have  always  enjoyed  his  writings,  and  I 
dare  say  that  what  I  am  now  drawing  atten- 
tion to  is  well  known  to  many ;  but  it 
was  only  lately  that  I  noticed  it  myself. 

ERNEST  B.  SAVAGE. 
S.  Thomas,  Douglas. 

[See  also  10  S.  viii.  467.] 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
i  jrmation  on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
bo  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
n  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 

EDWARD  CASAUBON. — 

"MR.  BLEACKLEY,  while  erudite  and  exact, 
is  no  plodding  Dryasdust :  his  blood  consists  of 
healthy  corpuscles,  not  (as  was  fabled  concerning 
the  arterial  fluid  of  the  Rev.  Edward  Casaubon) 
of  semicolons  and  parentheses." — '  N.  &  Q.,' 
10  S.  ix.  59. 

Who  was  this  clergyman  ?  J.  B. 

Copenhagen. 

[George  Eliot's  '  Middlemarch,'  bk.  i.  chap, 
viii.,  near  the  end.  Edward  Casaubon  is  the 
middle-aged  scholar  whom,  to  the  disgust  of 
everybody,  Dorothea  Brooke  chooses  to  marry. 
Two  of  her  friends  are  discussing  the  matter  : — 

"  '  He  has  got  no  good  red  blood  in  his  body,' 
said  Sir  James. 

'  '  No.  Somebody  put  a  drop  under  a  magni- 
fying glass,  and  it  was  all  semicolons  and  paren- 
theses,' said  Mrs.  Cadwallader."] 

ST.  WILLIAM'S  DAY. — Can  any  one  kindly 
refer  me  to  any  historical  accounts  of  the 
observance  of  St.  William's  Day  (or  days) 
in  the  Minster  or  in  the  city  of  York  ? 

GEORGE  AUSTEN. 

The  Residence,  York. 

THREADING  ST.  WILFRID'S  NEEDLE. — 
Walbran,  in  his  '  Ripon  Guide,'  12th  ed., 
1875,  p.  67,  quotes  Fuller,  without  a  refer- 
ence, as  wittily  observing,  "  They  prick'd 
their  credits  who  could  not  thread  the  needle" 
— the  needle  being  a  wall  with  a  hole  in  it 
through  which  women  were  drawn  as  a 
test  of  their  chastity.  It  was  supposed  that 
if  they  could  not  be  pulled  through  they 
were  miraculously  detained,  and  their 
unchastity  assured.  I  do  not  find  the 
remark  of  Fuller  in  his  *  Church  History  ' 
or  in  the  '  Worthies,'  and  should  welcome 
a  proper  reference,  for  the  '  N.E.D.'  as 
well  as  for  myself.  J.  T.  F. 

Durham. 


WEST  INDIA  COMMITTEE. — I  am  anxious 
to  trace  the  early  history  of  the  West  India 
Committee.  Can  any  of  your  readers 
assist  me  with  information  regarding  it  ? 
The  earliest  minute-book  of  the  Committee 
is  dated  1759  ;  and  it  would  seem  that  in 
that  year  there  existed  a  Committee  of 
West  India  Merchants  and  a  Committee 
of  West  India  Planters.  The  full  title  of 
the  West  India  Committee  then,  and  for 
many  subsequent  years,  was  "  The  Standing 
Committee  of  West  India  Planters  and 
Merchants."  ALGERNON  E.  ASPINALL. 

GUILD  OF  MERCHANTS  OF  THE  STAPLE  OF 
CALAIS. — Where  can  a  list  be  seen  of  the 
constable  and  members  of  the  Guild  of 
Merchants  of  the  Staple  of  Calais  in  1661  ? 
Or,  if  the  Guild  was  dissolved  prior  to  that 
date,  where  may  such  a  list  for  the  last  years 
of  its  existence  be  found  ?  S.  G. 

KEATS' s  '  ODE  TO  A  NIGHTINGALE.'— 

The  same  [voice]  that  ofttimes  hath 

Charm'd  magic  casements,  opening  on  the  foam 

Of  perilous  seas,  in  faery  lands  forlorn. 

Is  there  an  allusion  here  to  some  well-known 
faery  story,  or  is  it  mere  beautiful  verbiage  ? 
One  would  have  thought  the  very  last  place 
to  find  a  nightingale  would  be  near  "  the 
foam  of  perilous  seas ' '  ;  and  why  are  the 
"  faery  lands  "  "  forlorn  "  ?  Can  some  one 
help  to  explain  the  relevance  of  the  lines  ? 
TRIN.  COLL.  CAMS. 

[By  a  coincidence,  Lucis  sends  a  query  about  the 
allusion  in  the  same  lines.l 

"  AMURATH   TO   AMURATH   SUCCEEDS. "- 
Whence    comes    the    well-known    quotation 
embodying    this    sentiment  ?        It    is    well 
known,  I  believe,  but  I  cannot  find  it  in  any 
of  the  usual  books  of  quotations.       N.  M. 
[' 2  Henry  IV.,'  V.  ii.] 

AUTHORS     or     QUOTATIONS     WANTED.— 
Can   any   one   identify  the   following   com- 
position, which  occurs  on  the  background 
of  a  portrait  of  an  unknown  man,  1548  ? — 
The  life  that  Nature  sends  Death  soon  destroyeth, 
And  momentarie  is  that  life's  remembrance  ; 
The  seeminge  life  which  peaceful  art  supplieth 
Is  but  a  shadow,  though  life's  perfect  semblans  : 
But  that  trewe  life  which  virtue  doth  restore 
Is  life  indeed,  and  lasteth  evermore. 

Can  any  reader  tell  me  where  the  follow- 
ing line  occurs  ? — 

Morning  arises  stormy  and  pale. 

E.  S.  SHERSON. 
39   Victoria  Street,  Westminster. 


508 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  iv.  DEO.  23, 1911. 


STRAW  UNDER  BRIDGES. — Why  are  bundles 
of  straw  hung  up  under  bridges  which  are 
being  repaired  ?  Why  straw  ? 

H.  K.  H. 

LORD  TILNEY  OR  TYLNEY. — John  Child, 
2nd  Earl  Tylney,  died  at  Naples,  "  where 
he  had  resided  many  years,"  on  17  Sept., 
1784  (Gent  Mag.,  liv.  pt.  ii.  797;  Burke's 
'  Extinct  Peerage,'  1883  ed.,  p.  118).  From 
the  references  to  this  nobleman  in  the  letters 
of  Horace  Walpole  and  in  Henry  Swinburne's 
'  Courts  of  Europe '  one  would  conclude 
that  he  was  an  inoffensive,  good-natured 
individual,  but  Wilkes  (mirdbile  dictu) 
calls  him  "  a  disgrace  to  his  country." 
Was  Lord  Tylney  guilty  of  any  misdeed 
that  would  justify  this  assertion  ? 

HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 

BISHOPS    ADDRESSED     AS     "  MY    LORD."- 

Is  a  Suffragan  Bishop,  or  any  Bishop  except 
a  peer  of  Parliament,  correctly  addressed 
as  "  My  Lord  "  ?  The  Duke  of  Buckingham, 
who  was  very'  exact  in  such  matters,  when 
Governor  of  Madras  would  not  address 
the  Metropolitan  Bishop  of  Calcutta  even 
as  "My  Lord,"  holding  that  only  peers  of 
Parliament  are  entitled  to  the  distinction. 
There  is  at  this  moment  a  case  in  point, 
and  I  should  be  glad  to  have  the  subject 
ventilated.  OUTIS. 

WHITE  :  WARREN  :  MILBURN. — Informa- 
tion is  desired  concerning  the  ancestry  of 
Richard  White  of  London,  b.  1779,  d.  Phila- 
delphia, 1843  ;  mar.  1805,  Elizabeth  Hallam, 
of  Leicestershire.  He  was  a  leather  merchant 
son.  of  Richard  White,  born  about  1750, 

and  Mary ,  born  in  Carmarthen,  Wales, 

1754. 

Information  is  also  desired  of  ancestry  of 
Thomas  Milburn,  b.  London  about  1802, 
leather  merchant.  He  married  Phoebe 
White,  daughter  of  Richard  White,  1825. 
Had  cousins  named  Warren  ;  an  uncle 
William  Warren  ;  uncles  Richard  -  -  and 
George  -  —  ;  and  aunt  Martha  -  — .  He 
and  his  family  came  to  America  about  1840, 
and  descendants  are  living. 

Kindly  communicate  direct. 

JOSEPH  M.  BEATTY,  Jun. 

Box  165,  Bryn  Mawr,  Pa. 

"  THE  BEST  or  ALL  GOOD  COMPANY  " 
(JOHN  BRIGHT). — A  series  of  small  books 
with  the  above  title  was  started  in  1878 
by  Messrs.  Houlston  &  Wright.  Each 
number  was  devoted  to  some  well-known 
author  or  public  man,  and  contained  a  short 
biography,  with  selections  from  his  writings 


or  speeches,  together  with  a  facsimile  of 
his  writing.  No.  1  dealt  with  Dickens, 
and  No.  3  with  Lord  Lytton.  At  the  end 
of  the  latter  book  is  a  list  of  forthcoming 
numbers,  amongst  which  occur  the  name& 
of  Cobden,  Macaulay,  Anthony  Trolloper 
and  John  Bright.  Can  any  one  tell  me 
how  many  parts  were  published,  and  especi- 
ally if  the  one  on  John  Bright  saw  the 
light  of  day  ?  JOHN  PATCHINQ. 

ELIZA  WESLEY. — Can  any  one  give  me 
name  and  address  of  any  surviving  relative 
of  the  late  Miss  Eliza  Wesley,  daughter  of 
Samuel  Wesley,  who  was  organist  of  two- 
City  churches  ?  (Rev.)  S.  SLADEN. 

63,  Ridgmount  Gardens,  W.C. 

COL.  GORDON. — I  have  a  steel  engraving, 
evidently  torn  from  a  book,  of  "  CoL 
Gordon,"  engraved  by  Hopwood  from  a- 
sketch  by  Rowlandson,  and  published  by 
J.  Stratford,  112,  Holborn  Hill,  4  August, 
1809.  I  have  a  suspicion  that  he  may  be 
Sir  James  Willoughby  Gordon  (1773-1851),. 
and  that  the  picture  may  have  illustrated 
a  pamphlet  against  the  Duke  of  York,  to- 
whom  he  was  military  secretary.  Can  any 
reader  identify  him  ?  J.  M.  BULLOCH. 

118,  Pall  Mail,  S.W. 

"  UNITED  STATES  SECURITY." — In  *  A 
Christmas  Carol '  what  does  Dickens  ex- 
actly mean  by  this  phrase  ?  Was  it  usual 
to  underrate  the  financial  security  of  the 
United  States  ?  The  way  in  which  the 
words  are  used  makes  it  appear  to  be  so. 
THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

PEPLOE  FAMILY  GRANT  or  ARMS  IN  1753. 
— As  possibly  an  exception  to  the  truth  of 
the  statements  officially  made  by  heralds 
in  their  grants  of  arms,  it  may  be  useful 
to  adduce  the  grant  made  23  Feb.,  1753, 
to  the  Rev.  Samuel  Peploe,  B.D.,  Chancellor 
of  Chester,  &c.,  as  recorded  in  the  Heralds' 
College.  It  recites  : — 

"  That  his  father,  the  late  Right  Reverend 
Doctor  Samuel  Peploe,  Lord  Bishop  of  Chester, 
did  bear  and  use  for  his  Arms  :  '  Azure,  a  chevron 
counter-embattled  between  three  bugle  horns  Or  '  j 
and  for  the  Crest :  '  Out  of  a  ducal  coronet  Or, 
a  reindeer's  head  Gules,  antler'd  Or,'  as  his  ances- 
tors heretofore  had  done,  but  being  desirous  to 
have  some  additional  bearing  thereunto  to  per- 
petuate the  singular  loyalty  of  his  father  to  His 
late  most  Sacred  Majesty  King  George  the  First 
at  the  battle  of  Preston  in  Lancashire  in  the  year 
1715,  and  also  his  advancement  in  the  Church  on 
that  account,  did  therefore  request,"  &c. 

With  regard  to  the  heraldic  portion  of 
this  statement,  I  have  before  me  a  Latin 
document  on  vellum,  being  the  Letters  of 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  23,  MIL]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


509 


Orders  granted  by  Samuel  Peploe,  Bishop  of 
Chester,  in  1732,  to  the  Rev.  Norman  Smith, 
to  which  a  large  oval  episcopal  seal  is 
appended,  stamped  wafer-wise,  with  shield 
displaying  the  arms  of  the  See  of  Chester 
impaling,  Ermine,  a  chevron  between  three 
martlets,  for  Peploe,  signed  by  the  bishop. 
I  have  also  a  licence  to  the  Rev.  John  Smith 
to  the  curacy  of  Warmingham  in  1749,  with  a 
similar,  though  smaller  seal  of  arms  wafered 
over  and  similarly  signed.  It  will  be  seen 
that  the  arms  used  are  quite  different  from 
those  imputed  to  him.  In  the  Oxford 
Matriculation  Register  he  is  described  as 
son  of  Palmore  Peploe  of  Dawley  Parva, 
Salop,  "  Pleb."  I  should  be  glad  to  have 
corroborative  evidence  with  regard  to  the 
services  rendered  by  his  "  singular  loyalty  " 
at  the  battle  of  Preston,  of  which  place  I  find 
he  was  Vicar  in  1715.  G.  B.  M. 

THOMAS  CROMWELL. — In  The  Gentleman's 
Magazine  for  1752  I  find  the  following  in 
the  obituary  :  "  The  Lady  of  Thos.  Crom- 
well, Esq.,  great-grandson  to  the  Protector, 
at  their  seat  in  Essex."  Who  was  this  Thos. 
Cromwell  ?  did  he  leave  issue  ?  and  what 
was  the  name  of  his  seat  ?  He  could  not 
have  been  Thomas  Cromwell  who  died  in 
Bridgwater  Square  in  1748.  Is  there  an 
index  published  to  the  obituaries  of  The 
Gentleman's  Magazine  later  than  1780  ? 

(Miss)  E.  F.  WILLIAMS. 

10,  Black  Friars,  Chester. 

DR.  RICHARD  RUSSELL,  who  was  known 
as  "  the  Father  of  Modern  Brighton," 
died  5  July,  1771.  I  should  be  glad  to 
obtain  particulars  of  his  parentage  and  the 
date  of  his  birth.  Mr.  Lewis  Melville,  in  his 
book  on  'Brighton'  (1909),  says  that  Russell 
was  the  son  of  a  London  bookseller,  and  that 
he  was  born  in  1687.  The  '  Diet.  Nat.  Biog.,' 
xlix.  470,  does  not  give  any  information 
on  these  points.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

[Erredge's  '  History  of  Brighthelmston,'  1862, 
gives  the  following  particulars  (p.  220)  : — 

"  Dr.  Russell  died  in  1759,  aged  72,  and  was 
interred  in  the  family  vault  at  South  Mailing  on 
the  25th  of  December.  He  was  the  son  of  Mr. 
Nathaniel  Russell,  a  surgeon  and  apothecary  of 
Lewes,  and  clandestinely  married  the  only 
daughter  of  Mr.  William  Kempe  of  South  Mai- 
ling."] 

GRANDFATHER  CLOCKS  IN  FRANCE. — A 
correspondent  in  a  recent  issue  of  Country 
Life,  in  giving  an  account  of  a  Welsh 
centenarian,  states  that  at  Bredgarn  Farm, 
near  Fishguard,  there  is  a  grandfather's 
clock  with  a  bullet-hole  in  the  case.  When 
the  French  landing  took  place  in  Wales  in 


1797,  the  soldiers  invaded  the  farm,  and 
one  of  them,  hearing  the  loud  tick  of  the 
clock,  took  it  to  be  a  noise  of  a  man  con- 
cealed in  the  case,  and  calling  out  "The 
enemy,"  he  fired  his  musket,  and  made  the 
hole  to  which  the  correspondent  refers. 
Can  any  of  your  readers  testify  as  to  the 
probability  of  this  tale,  and  say  if  grandfather 
clocks  were  then  so  rare  in  France  that  a 
soldier  would  be  ignorant  as  to  the  noise 
of  the  tick  ?  J.  LANDFEAR  LUCAS. 

T.  MARTIN,  MINIATURE  PAINTER. — Can 
any  reader  give  me  information  as  to  T. 
Martin,  who  appears  to  have  worked  about 
1845  ?  He  painted  portraits  in  Hereford- 
shire and  Worcestershire,  and  seems  to 
have  worked  at  Burslem,  possibly  on  china. 
John  Martin,  the  painter,  is  stated  to  have 
worked  on  china,  but  in  his  early  years  ; 
he  died  in  1854.  W.  H.  QUARRELL. 

I.  (OR  J.)  SUASSO  DE  LIMA. — I  should  be 
glad  of  some  biographical  details.  He  was 
a  South  African  man  of  letters,  and  died 
in  Cape  Town(?)  about  the  middle  of  the 
nineteenth  century.  He  was  probably  a 
native  of  Holland  and  a  member  of  a 
Sephardi  Jewish  family. 

ISRAEL  SOLOMONS. 

118,  Sutherland  Avenue,  W. 

*  MAYFAIR.' — Who  wrote  '  Mayfair,  in 
Four  Cantos,'  published  by  W.  H.  Ains- 
worth,  Old  Bond  Street,  1827  ? 

F.  JESSEL. 


BALZAC. — In  what  books  will  be  found 
passages  comparing  this  author  with  Shake- 
speare ? 


MEMOR. 


PHILIP  SAVAGE  was  Chancellor  of  Ire- 
land and  died  1717.  Who  were  his  parents  ? 

He  married  Mary .  What  was  her 

parentage  ?  W.  ROBERTS  CROW. 

CAVERSHAM  :  CHAPEL  OF  ST.  ANNE.  — 
Where  was  this  chapel  ? 

The  church  and  chapel  of  Blessed  Mary 
formed  part  of  the  original  endowment  of 
Notley  Abbey.  The  chapel  on  "  the  great 
bridge  "  went  with  the  manor,  and  is  entered 
with  it  in  the  Inquis.  Post  Mortem  of  Gilbert 
de  Clare,  Earl  of  Gloucester  and  Hertford, 
8  Edward  II.  ;  also  in  the  Inquis.  Post 
Mortem  of  Constance,  late  wife  of  Lord  le 
Despencer,  deceased,  4  Henry  V.  ('  Cal. 
Inquis.  Post  Mortem,'  iv.  25b).  In  neither 
case  is  the  dedication  of  this  chapel  given 
in  the  '  Calendar.' 

In     the     'Cal.     Inquis.     Post     Mortem, 
50  Edward  III.  second  numbers,  is  the  entry 


510 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  DEO.  23, 1911 


"  Edward  le  Despencer,  for  the  Abbot 
and  Convent  of  Nottele.  Caversham.  The 
Chapel  of  St.  Anne.  Oxon." — Vol.  ii. 
p.  357. 

It  has  been  assumed  that  the  chapel  on 
"  the  great  bridge  "  was  the  one  dedicated 
to  St.  Anne.  What  is  the  meaning  of  the 
expression  in  the  last  entry  "  for  the  Abbot 
and  Convent  "  ?  The  advowson  was  with 
the  rrianor.  F.  R.  F. 

Caversham. 


HEBREW    MEDAL. 
(US.  iv.  447.) 

THESE  Messianic  medals  can,  I  believe, 
be  called  neither  rare  nor  valuable.  I 
obtained  one  for  a  trifle  at  a  curiosity  shop 
just  outside  Leicester  Square,  but  un- 
fortunately lost  it  in  Sark  island,  and  so 
perhaps  some  fortunate  finder  will  recover 
it,  duly  aged,  and  treasure  it  as  a  Messianic 
medal  of  A.D.  33,  for  that  is  the  date  some 
have  assigned  to  such  medals !  See  two 
long  articles  on  the  subject  in  The  Rock 
(16  and  23  June,  1903). 

The  first  known  specimen  is  mentioned 
by  Ambrosius,  fl.  1513,  a  copy  of  whose  rare 
work  is  in  the  Library  of  Trinity  College, 
Dublin.  He  saw  it  at  Rome.  It  had  been 
purchased  from  a  Jew.  It  was  discussed 
by  the  learned  of  Europe  for  two  centuries  ; 
and  inferior  copies  were  made  with  slight 
variations.  Waserus  describes  and  engraves 
it  ('Antiq.  Num.  Hebrseorum,'  1605);  so 
does  Alstedius  ('  Praecognitia  Theologia,' 
1616),  and  Hottinger  likewise,  with  slight 
variations  ('  Cippi  Hebraeici,'  1658),  and 
Sota,  1672,  and  Lenaden  ('Heb.  Mixt .,' 
1696). 

In  the  Ashmolean  Library  is  a  bronze 
one,  slightly  varied.  The  Hebrew  inscrip- 
tion on  the  reverse,  in  square  letters,  means  : 
"  Naught  can  be  ascribed  to  Thee,  O  Elohim, 
of  the  fiery  indignation  which  covered  Him." 
On  the  obverse  is  the  conventional  portrait, 
with  "  Messias  "  on  the  collar  !  See  an 
engraving  of  this  specimen  in  'Truths  of 
Revelation,'  1831  (p.  257,  pi.  iii.  fig.  27). 
This  museum  also  has  a  specimen  in  silver, 
with  the  same  portrait  between  ishi  and  aleph, 
and  it  is  engraved  in  the  same  book  (pi.  i! 
fig.  1).  The  Hebrew  inscription  on  the 
reverse  differs,  meaning :  "  Messiah  the 
King  came  in  peace,  and  man,  man  was  made 
life." 


In  1899  Mr.  Cull  of  Enfield  possessed  one, 
of  silver  ;  there  was  no  specimen  of  it  in 
the  B.M.,  but  the  authorities  there  said  it 
was  Italian,  of  seventeenth  century.  The 
inscription  means :  "  Son  of  Jesse,  the 
Messiah,  was  crucified  on  the  sixth  day. 
He  lived "  (vide  Daily  Mail,  4  January, 
1899,  for  engraving  and  account). 

In  1831  Mr.  Rawson  of  Halifax  possessed 
a  bronze  one,  apparently  the  same  as  the 
silver  one  in  design,  and,  like  it,  engraved 
in  '  Truths,'  p.  259. 

Surenhusius  gives  an  illustration  and 
account  of  the  Messianic  medal  in  his 
'  Mischna,'  1700 ;  and  Rowland  has  de- 
scribed, and  given  a  sketch  of,  one  in  his 
'  Mona  Antiqua  '  (similar  to  Walsh's:  see 
next  paragraph).  Rowland's  was  found  in 
the  Cirque  of  Brin-gwin,  Wales.  He  sent  it, 
as  very  valuable,  to  Luid  of  the  Ashmolean 
Museum,  but  it  was  lost  in  transit,  though  a 
facsimile  was  preserved. 

About  1811  one  similar  to  the  Cork 
specimen  (see  next  example),  was  obtained 
by  Dr.  Walsh  at  Rostock,  and  he  engraves 
it  ('Essay  on  Coins,'  1828,  pi.  i.  p.  12). 
In  1812,  at  Friars  Walk,  Cork,  one  of  bright 
brass  was  found  in  a  potato  field,  and  Mr. 
Corbett  obtained  it.  Walsh  engraves  it, 
and  considered  it  to  be  the  oldest  yet  found. 
The  design  is  practically  the  same,  but  the 
inscription  means  :  "  The  Messiah  has 
reigned.  He  came  in  peace,  and,  being 
matle  the  Light  of  man,  He  lives."  It 
was  found  on  the  site  of  a  monastery 
coeval  with  the  introduction  of  Chris- 
tianity into  Ireland.  Facsimiles  of  it  were 
sent  to  the  learned,  and  it  excited  great 
interest. 

In  1813  Mr.  English  published  a  pamphlet 
on  this  medal.  One  of  the  translations 
of  it  reads  :  "  And  God  man  was  made  life  "  ; 
but  another  Hebraist  rendered  it :  "  And 
the  mighty  Man  was  made  life."  This 
medal  came  to  Mr.  Mackey  of  London  and 
Birmingham,  who  wrote  to  The  Daily  Mail 
(vide  supra)  concerning  it. 

About  1879  Mr.  Davis  purchased  one, 
and  wrote  of  it,  and  it  seems  similar  to  that 
Dr.  Walsh  engraves  (Daily  Mail,  vide  supra). 

Mr.  Heapy  gives  much  information  about 
these  Messianic  medals  ('  Likenesses  of 
Christ,'  1880  and  1886).  I  believe  Sir  Wyke 
Bayliss  brought  them  into  his  '  Rex  Regum.' 
The  French  Academy  of  Inscriptions  and  the 
Society  of  French  Antiquaries  examined 
one  of  the  medals  with  care,  but  opinions 
were  divided.  Some  said  it  was  modern, 
others  an  ancient  Christian  relic,  others 
a  countersign  used  in  Christian  secret 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  23,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


511 


assemblies.  An  account  with  a  woodcut  is 
in  The  Graphic,  15  April,  1899  ;  and  another 
with  a  woodcut  in  The  Daily  Mail,  ante, 
4  January,  1899.  The  specimen  which  the 
Academy  examined  was  bought  by  M. 
Boyer  d'Agen  for  two  soldi  at  Rome  in 
1897,  and  its  Syro-Chaldaic  legend  means 
the  same.  In  or  about  1898  MM.  Falize 
Freres,  goldsmiths  of  Paris,  published  a 
pamphlet  on  the  Boyer  d'Agen  medal. 

In  1899  Mr.  Jenuer  of  Liverpool  sent  a 
long  and  interesting  letter  to  The  Banner  of 
Israel  (19  April,  1899)  with  cuts  of  three 
medals.  He  suggests  they  were  struck 
by  early  Christian  Israelite  missionaries  to 
Britain.  The  inscriptions  on  two  of  these 
are  different  from  any  others,  and  seem  too 
much  injured  to  be  clear,  and  one  has  the 
usual  instruments  of  the  Passion. 

The  one  I  bought  in  1905  is  of  black 
bronze,  and  the  dealer  said  it  might  be  200 
years  old.  It  is  the  size  of  a  crown,  very 
much  worn  ;  the  obverse  and  reverse  are 
the  same  as  on  Dr.  Walsh's  (p.  258,  pi.  iii. 
fig.  26)  found  near  Cork. 

Such  is  all  that  I  have  found  about  these 
curious  Messianic  medals.  I  have  not  read 
the  account  in  'The  Amulet,'  1830,  but  I 
think  the  above  pretty  well  covers  the  ground, 
and  it  leaves  me  with  the  impression  that 
the  medals  were  made  in  the  Jewish 
Ghetto  in  Rome,  as  pretended  Christian 
antiquities,  but  at  different  dates  by  different 
people,  who  have  fancifully  varied  the  in- 
scription. The  bust  on  them  seems  taken 
from  the  celebrated  head  on  an  emerald 
given  by  a  Sultan  to  a  Pope,  and  frequently 
engraved.  L.  M.  R. 

I  have  a  similar  medal  to  that  re- 
ferred to  by  J.  T.  F.  I  have  seen  a 
silver  specimen,  but  mine  is  of  copper. 
Modern  ones  have  been  done  by  electro- 
type process.  It  is,  I  would  suggest,  the 
production  of  some  monastery  in  the  latter 
part  of  the  seventeenth  century,  and 
sold  to  believers  as  a  true  likeness  of  the 
Saviour.  It  is  certainly  not  the  work  of  a 
Jew — rather  of  one  with  but  an  elementary 
knowledge  of  the  holy  tongue. 

The  X  behind  the  head  is  the  initial  letter 
of  U*JnK  =  our  Lord;  the  word  in  front 
of  the  head  is  *B^= Jesus  (not  1£").  The 
obverse  inscription  is  rM?O/= Messiah, 
T/O  =  King,  &O  =  has  come,  DlWl£O  = 
in  peace.  The  rest  of  the  inscription  is 
somewhat  obscure,  and  I  would  put  forth 
the  following  explanation  tentatively : — 
D*1K1=and  man;  as  the  final  letter  is  D 


instead  of  0,  it  is  not  improbable  that  the 
author  of  the  inscription  had  in  mind  the 
suggestion  that  B'IK  are  the  initial  letters  of 
DIN  =  Adam,  111 =D  avid,  IWb= Messiah. 
There  existed  an  idea  that  the  soul  of 
Adam  entered  the  body  of  David,  and  then  • 
the  body  of  Jesus.  The  1=and  may  be  /  a 
stop.  The  next  word  is  again  DTK = Adam, 
>M?y= became,  <in=living  ;  i.e.,  Adam,  for 
his  disobedience,  was  adjudgedt  guilty  of 
death,  but  regained  everlasting  life  by  means 
of  this  transmigration  of  his  soul. 

ISBAEL  SOLOMONS. 

Replicas  of  this  medal  were  on  sale  in 
London  a  few  years  ago.  On  a  paper  given 
with  the  medal  it  said  : — 

"  This  medal  is  a  facsimile  of  a  remarkable  coin 
made  in  the  first  century  of  the  Christian  era, 
and  contains  a  unique  portrait  of  the  Saviour. 
The  original  was  discovered  in  the  Campo  del 
Fieri  (The  Jew  Market)  in  Rome.  The  obverse 
contains  a  portrait  of  Christ ;  the  reverse  side  an 
inscription  in  Hebrew  characters  which  reads  : 
'  The  Saviour  has  reigned,  He  came  peacefully  ; 
having  become  the  light  of  man,  He  lives  (or 
lived).'  It  is  well  known  that  the  first  Christians 
in  Rome,  owing  to  the  terrible  persecutions  to 
which  they  were  submitted,  were  compelled  often 
to  meet  in  secret.  Such  a  coin,  it  is  believed, 
was  used  as  a  token  to  admit  members  to  their 
meetings  in  the  Catacombs,  and  was  carried  by 
early  converts  as  a  means  of  recognition  without 
exchange  of  words." 

This  find  at  Rome  was  made  by  M. 
Boyer  d'Agen  in  the  spring  of  1897,  and  a 
pamphlet  giving  an  account  of  the  medal 
was  published  by  MM.  Falize  Freres  of  Paris. 
It  was,  however,  shown  by  M.  Battandier 
in  the  Rente  de  V Art  Chretien,  1897, 
p.  418,  that  the  medal  was  not  an  "  original," 
as  was  supposed.  In  an  article  in  The  Echo 
about  1898  it  war,  stated  that  "  the  so-called 
newly  found  portrait  of  Christ  has  been 
known  to  experts  in  this  country  for  nearly 
a  century,"  and  that  there  are  numerous 
specimens  in  bronze  and  lead  in  the  cabinets 
of  collectors  in  various  parts  of  the  king- 
dom, including  the  Bodleian  Library.  The 
first  known  specimen  was  found  in  1812 
by  a  farmer's  daughter  in  County  Cork 
when  digging  for  potatoes. 

The  inscription  on  this  was  rendered 
"  The  Messiah  has  reigned.  He  came  in 
peace,  and  being  made  the  light  of  man,  He 
lives."  Experts  of  the  day  believed  it  to 
be  a  genuine  "  tessera  "  or  amulet  "  struck 
by  the  first  Jewish  converts  to  Christianity, 
and  worn  by  them  as  a  pious  memorial  of 
their  Master." 

The  Reliquary  and  Antiquary  for  October, 
1904,  pp.  260-69,  contained  an  account  of 
these  medals,  and  pointed  out  that  a  similar 


512 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  23, 1911. 


phrase,  "  Christus  rex,  venit  in  pace  Deus 
homo  factus,"  was  used  as  a  formula  or 
incantation  against  demons  in  the  fourteenth, 
fifteenth,  and  sixteenth  centuries.  It  was 
suggested  that  "  the  medals  were  used  in  all 
probability  as  charms."  G.  H.  W. 

[MR.  ANDREW  SOUTH  also  thanked  for  reply.] 


LONG'S  HOTEL,  BOND  STBEET  (11  S.  iv. 
406). — '  Six  Weeks  at  Long's  '  I  believe  is  not 
by  E.  S.  Barrett.  The  original  attribution 
to  him  seems  to  be  in  '  N.  &  Q.,'  1  S.  viii. 
423  (1853),  from  ROBERT  BELL,  who,  I 
presume,  was  the  originator  of  the  Dublin 
Historical  Society  (see  Boase's  '  Modern 
English  Biography').  Bell's  account  is 
repeated  in  my  '  Handbook  of  Fictitious 
Names,'  1868,  see  p.  195  ;  then  by  W.  Daven- 
port Adams  in  his  most  useful  book  the 
'  Dictionary  of  English  Literature  '  (1878)  ,- 
next  in  Halkett  and  Laing's  '  Dictionary,' 
1882;  and  lastly  by  D.  J.  O'Donoghue  in 
'  The  Poets  of  Ireland,'  1892. 

The  writer  in  the  '  D.N.B.'  does  not  credit 
Barrett  with  '  Six  Weeks.'  Neither  do 
I  now  believe  the  pseudonyms  "  Cervantes 
Hogg "  and  "  Polypus  "  are  his.  I  took 
them,  I  presume,  from  the  National  Library 
Catalogue. 

I  have  never  seen  the  original  edition  of 
'  Six  Weeks,'  but  I  have  a  note  that  it  was 
first  published  in  1811  (?).  At  4  S.  i.  314 
(1868)  MR.  Axox  inquired  for  the  name  of 
the  author,  but  there  was  no  reply.  He 
states  the  date  as  1814.  The  copy  in  the 
National  Library  is  the  third  edition, 
dated  1817,  and  that  is  the  year  it  was 
noticed  in  The  Literary  Gazette  (p.  69). 
The  work  was  announced  as  by  "  a  military 
officer,"  which  Barrett  wTas  not. 

Some  fifteen  years  ago  I  read  through 
W.  Jerdan's  '  Autobiography,'  published  in 
1852,  the  year  before  BELL'S  note.  Though 
crammed  with  facts,  Jerdan's  four  volumes 
have  no  index,  but  I  made  notes  of  the 
matter  I  might  require.  In  vol.  ii.  p.  176, 
he  says  : — 

"  At  this  period  the  satirical  novel  called  '  Six 
Weeks  at  Long's,'  in  the  doing  of  which,  as 
formerly  stated,  I  had  a  hand  with  Michael 
Nugent  (a  few  years  before  a  fellow  "reporter  with 
me,  and  a  clever  fellow  to  boot,  though  he  never 
would  emerge  from  that  drudgery),  was  published. 
The  material  was  furnished  by  a  Military  Officer, 
I  think,  who  paid  us  for  our  literary  assistance, 
which,  as  far  as  I  can  remember,  was  not  of  the 
foremost  character." 

Now  Barrett  was  a  very  capable  writer* 
and  would  not  want  the  assistance  of  men 
no  better  than  himself ;  also  I  doubt  if 


his  circumstances  would  have  enabled  him 
to  live  at  one  of  the  most  expensive  hotels 
in  London,  or  to  pay  for  the  publication 
of  the  book,  as  the  title-page  states  he  did. 

Nugent  died  on  16  March,  1845.  Jerdan 
wrote  a  short  notice  of  him  in  The  Literary 
Gazette,  which  was  copied  into  The  Gentle- 
man's Magazine  (July,  1845,  p.  86).  Jerdan 
there  says  that  Nugent  was  one  of  those 
who  licked  '  Six  Weeks  at  Long's '  into 
shape,  and  that  the  material  was  furnished 
by  an  habitue  of  the  hotel. 

Nugent  was  one  of  the  few  authors  who 
escaped  the  lynx  eye  of  the  editor  of  '  A 
Biographical  Dictionary  of  Living  Authors,' 
1816. 

'  The  Handbook  of  Fictitious  Names  '  on 
p.  178  gives  this  information  : — 

"  The  following  are  a  few  of  the  characters 
mentioned  :  Vol.  I.,  220 — This  gentleman  [Words- 
worth ?]  ;  p.  226,  another  Poet  [Soutbey]  ; 
Vol.  II.  2— Lord  Yardlip  [Col.  Berkeley]  ;  3, 
a  Girl  of  fifteen  [Miss  Foote]  ;  Vol.  II.  206,  Lady 
Charlotta  [Bury]." — See  Barrett,  E.  S.,  in  the 
'  Biographical  Index.' 

It  is  unfortunate  that  Jerdan,  who  was  a 
contributor  to  '  N.  &  Q.,'  never  contra- 
dicted BELL'S  note.  If  the  whole  ques- 
tion were  carefully  looked  into,  and  all  the 
books  read,  I  believe  it  would  be  found  that 
Barrett  wrote  very  few  of  the  works  attri- 
buted to  him.  RALPH  THOMAS. 

ANTIGALLICAN  SOCIETY  (11  S.  iv.  448). — • 
Antigallican  Societies  reflected  those  un- 
bridled sentiments  of  hatred  towards  the 
French  which  began,  or  perhaps  were  only 
revived,  with  the  naval  defeat  suffered  by 
them  at  the  hands  of  the  brave  Admiral 
Benbow,  and  were  further  strengthened 
by  the  victories  of  Marlborough,  and  the 
scouring  of  the  seas  by  Anson  and  Hawke, 
when  in  1756  the  Indian  Empire,  and  in 
1759  the  Canadas,  were  added  to  the  British 
dominions.  All  these  triumphs  fostered  a 
spirit  of  boastfulness  which  culminated  in 
the  formation  of  Antigallican  Societies — • 
their  common  bond  being  hatred  of  Jean 
Crapaud,  who  was  ridiculed  on  the  stage  and 
insulted  in  the  streets. 

There  is  still,  I  think,  or  was  until  of  late 
years,  a  tavern  of  this  sign  in  Tooley  Street, 
Southwark.  There  was  also  an  "  Anti- 
gallican," the  sign  of  a  public-house  in 
Darkhouse  Lane,  in  1815.  It  was  at  the 
corner  of  the  street  next  the  river,  says  '  The 
Epicure's  Almanack,'  1815,  "The  Queen's 
Head "  occupying  the  opposite  corner. 
There  was  (also  in  1815)  another  "  Anti- 
gallican "  in  Threadneedle  Street,  next  door 
to  the  New  England  Coffee-House,  which  was 


n  s.  iv.  DEC.  23,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


513 


at  No.  61.  This  "  Antigallican "  served 
"  coffee,  chocolate,  tea,  soups,  fermented 
beverages,  and  artificial  mineral  waters 
only.  They  dressed  no  dishes  "  ('  Epicure's 
Almanack  '). 

Leigh  Hunt,  in  his  '  Saunter  through  the 
West  End,'  1861,  says  :— 

"  Antigallican  manners  were  inspired  by  the 
long  series  of  Maryborough  victories.  They 
encouraged  the  same  ill-manners  in  us  up  to  the 
period  of  the  revolutionary  wars,  when,  after 
taunting  the  French  for  half  a  century  with  their 
wooden  shoes  [cf.  the  Golden  Sabot  in  Hogarth's 
print],  and  their  servility  to  the  '  Grand 
Monarque,'  and  then  trying  our  utmost  to  keep 
them  confined  to  both,  we  discovered  that  to 
calumniate  a  great  nation  any  longer  was  neither 
worthy  of  us  nor  very  easy." 

In  the  Creed  Collection  of  Tavern  Signs 
in  the  British  Museum  Library  (vol.  i. ) 
is  a  bill  of  invitation  relating  to  the  "  Laud- 
able Association  of  Antigallicans,"  and  in 
the  mock-heroic  coat  of  arms  at  the  top  the 
French  shield  bearing  the  three  fleurs-de-lis 
represents  the  dragon,  which  is  being  over- 
come by  St.  George.  The  supporters  are 
a  lion  and  double-headed  eagle. 

After  Dr.  Johnson  ceased  to  write  for  The 
Literary  Magazine  it  gradually  declined, 
though  the  popular  epithet  of  Antigallican 
was  added  to  it,  and  in  July,  1758,  it  ex- 
pired (see  Boswell's  'Johnson').  There 
was  an  Antigallican  Passage  on  the  north 
side  of  Fleet  Street,  by  Temple  Bar  and 
Great  Shire  Lane  (Lockie's  'London  Topo- 
graphy,' 1810). 

J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 
26,  Auriol  Road,  West  Kensington. 

Dr.  Brewer's  '  Historic  Note-Book  '  gives 
the  following  : — 

"  Founded  in  1757.  '  To  promote  British 
manufactures,  extend  the  commerce  of  England, 
and  discourage  the  introduction  of  French  modes 
and  the  importation  of  French  commodities.' 
The  headquarters  of  the  Society  were  at  Lebeck's 
Head,  Strand.  St.  George's  Day  (23  April)  was 
the  day  of  their  anniversary  feast.  It  was  at 
its  best  in  1771." 

A.  H.  ARKLE. 

References  at  7  S.  iv.  67,  151,  292,  show 
this  society  as  existing  in  1749  and  in  1771. 
The  Gentleman's  Magazine,  vol.  xxiii.  (1753), 
p.  199,  contains  an  allusion  to  its  "  annual 
grand  association  "  at  Haberdashers'  Hall, 
and  at  pp.  245,  251,  389,  490,  537,  has  notices 
of  quarterly  meetings,  and  of  the  award 
of  prizes  for  needlework,  and  of  medals 
embossed  with  the  Society's  arms — one  to  a 
captain  in  the  Greenland  trade  "  for  having 
caught  the  greatest  number  of  whales  last 
season,"  and  one,  of  gold,  to  Capt.  Cockburn 


"  for  his  gallant  behaviour  to  the  commander 
of  the  French  squadron  on  the  coast  of 
Guinea."  There  is  also  an  account  of  a 
sermon  preached  before  the  Society. 

Amongst  the  subscribers  to  "  Social  Har 
mony ....  By  Thomas  Hale,  of  Darnhall, 
Cheshire,"  1763,  are  five  styled  "  Anti- 
gallican, Manchester."  There  is  an  eigh- 
teenth-century publication,  The  Anti-Galli- 
can,  in  (I  think)  three  volumes. 

W.  B.  H. 

"PE..TT"  (11  S.  iv.  469).— If  only  one 
letter  is  missing,  it  must,  I  think,  be  a. 
Peatt  or  peat  was  used  (see  'N.E.D.')  as  a 
depreciatory  epithet,  or  as  a  term  of  en- 
dearment, for  a  girl  or  woman.  The  mean- 
ing, in  the  present  case,  is  that  John  Halle 
had  a  lady  companion  whose  character  was 
considered  by  the  churchwardens  as  being 
unsatisfactory.  WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

Is  not  it  probable  that  the  missing  letter 
for  which  MR.  F.  S.  HOCKADAY  asks  is  the 
vowel  t,  and  that  John  Davies  was  "pre- 
sented "  by  the  churchwardens  of  Dym- 
mocke  in  the  Forest  of  Dean  to  the  local 
authority  for  harbouring  John  Halle  and 
his  petit  (little  one)  ?  The  churchwarden 
who  made  the  entry  may  have  had  a  know- 
ledge of  French,  and  used  the  word  in  its 
contracted  form.  In  the  sixteenth  and  the 
seventeenth  centuries  many  West  -  Country 
local  authorities  enforced  communal  regu- 
lations or  by-laws  prohibiting  the  harbour- 
ing of  strangers,  in  order  that  the  latter 
might  not  become  a  charge  on  the  per- 
manent residents.  Several  examples  of  the 
operation  of  this  restriction  are  given  by 
Mr.  Thomas  Wainwright  in  his  '  Reprint 
of  the  Barnstaple  Records  '  (pub.  1900). 

T.  H.  BARROW. 

WILLIAM  ALABASTER  (11  S.  iv.  389).— 
The  dates  of  the  degrees  of  William  Ala- 
baster, sometime  Fellow  of  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge,  are  as  follows :  A.B.  1587, 
A.M.  1591,  D. D.  1614  (ex  inform.  Dr.  J.  N. 
Keynes,  Registrary  of  the  University  of 
Cambridge). 

The  manuscript  of  his  work  '  Elisseis,'  a 
Latin  poem  in  hexameters,  with  a  long 
dedication  to  Queen  Elizabeth,  folio,  six- 
teenth century,  formed  lot  293  in  Messrs. 
Sotheby's  sale  by  auction  of  a  portion  of 
Sir  Thomas  Phillipps's  library  on  7  June, 
1910.  The  poem  contains  a  review  of  the 
principal  events  of  the  reign  of  Queen  Eliza- 
beth, as  well  as  of  earlier  reigns. 

DANIEL  HIPWELL. 


514 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       m  s.  iv.  DEC.  23,  mi. 


In  the  Errata  Volume  of  the  'D.N.B.' 
the  words  "  was  made  a  Prebendary  of 
St.  Paul's  Cathedral "  are  marked  for 
omission;  and  "  Tharfield  "  is  corrected  to 
"  Therfield."  A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

FOREIGN  JOURNALS  IN  THE  UNITED 
STATES  (11  S.  iv.  466).— MB.  ROBBINS'S 
interesting  enumeration  shows  a  remark- 
able result  in  respect  of  journals  in  Slavonic 
languages.  Some  which  are  inconspicuous 
in  Europe  are  highly  represented  in  Ame- 
rica, e.g.,  the  large  number  of  Bohemian 
and  Polish  newspapers,  while  Russian 
journals  are  very  few.  Lithuanian,  known 
to  few  besides  natives,  ranks  higher  than 
Croatian,  which  but  for  difference  of  alphabet 
is  usually  reckoned  with  Servian.  The 
figure  of  Slovak,  closely  akin  to  Cech,  is 
high,  and  it  is  surprising  to  find  so  many 
Slovene  journals.  A  key  is  thus  provided 
to  the  strength  and  culture  of  the  various 
immigrants.  FRANCIS  P.  MARCHANT. 

Streatham  Common. 

EDWARD  PURCELL  (US.  iv.  368,  470).— 
1  possess  published  copies  of  songs  by  Ed- 
ward Purcell  as  follows  : — 

"A  new  Song  set  by  Mr.  Edward  Purcell  (only  son 
to  the  late  Mr.  Henry  Purcell),  '  Lovely  fair  one, 
cease  to  charm  me.' " 

"  A  Symphony  Song  set  by  Mr.  Ed.  Purcell,  'Tho' 
Corinna  does  deny  me.'" 

There  is  no  publisher's  name  attached  to 
either  of  the  above  ;  they  were  printed 
probably  about  1700. 

Most  of  the  information  respecting  the 
Purcell  family  detailed  by  MR.  HUMPHREYS 
is  to  be  found  in  my  memoir  of  '  Purcell ' 
published  in  1881. 

WILLIAM  H.   CUMMINGS. 

VANISHING  LANDMARKS  or  LONDON  :  "THE 

Swiss  COTTAGE  TAVERN  "  (11  S.  iv.  464). 

MR.  CECIL  CLARKE'S  note  on  the  proposed 
removal  of  this  old  landmark  will  renew 
pleasant  recollections  in  the  minds  of 
many  "  regulars  "  on  the  Atlas  'buses  in  the 
sixties.  The  tavern,  with  the  toll-bar, 
seemed  to  mark  a  boundary  line  of  North 
London,  for  within  a  few  hundred  yards 
the  fields  commenced  which  gradually  led 
to  Hampstead  village,  and  which  also  con- 
tinued, on  a  downward  slope  to  the  west, 
to  almost  equally  rural  Kilburn.  As  far 
as  my  recollection  goes,  there  were  three 
meadows,  with  good  hedges  and  some  fine 
trees,  good  pasture -land  highly  coloured 
with  buttercups,  and  watered  by  the 
Shepherds'  Wells. 


The  Jehus  of  the  old  Atlas  and  City  Atlas 
'buses  were  characters.  May  I  call  to 
memory  "Viaduct  Tommy"  and  "The 
Duke  "  ?  The  former  (Tony  Weller  to  the 
life)  piloted  the  first  omnibus  over  Holborn 
Viaduct.  The  box-seat,  in  those  days,  was  a 
place  of  honour,  and  the  driver  a  personage. 

Readers  of  Wilkie  Collins  will  remember 
that  the  first  scene  in  '  The  Woman  in  White ' 
takes  place  in  the  lonely  Finchley  Road, 
leading  to  "The  Swiss  Cottage."  It  was 
from  the  cab-stand  adjoining  that  Hart- 
wright  assisted  Anne  to  escape  pursuit  from 
the  keepers  of  the  asylum. 

I  am  sure  many  old  North  London  "boys" 
of  the  sixties  and  early  seventies  will  regret 
with  MR.  CLARKE  and  myself  that  before 
very  long  "The  Swiss  Cottage  Tavern" 
will  cease  to  exist.  W.  H.  EDWARDS. 

Plymouth. 

"  YARM  :  PRIVATE  BROWN  (US.  iv.  448). 
— A  modern  guide-book  called  '  Rambles  in 
Cleveland,'  by  M.  Heavisides,  published  in 
Stockton,  1903,  gives  the  following  account 
of  Brown  : — 

"  We  do  not  proceed  far  before  we  arrive  at 
the  '  Tom  Brown  Inn,'  the  signboard  commemorat- 
ing this  gallant  soldier's  deeds  of  daring.  This 
brave  son  of  Mars  was  born  at  Yarm  and  joined 
a  regiment  of  Dragoons.  He  was  present  at  the 
battle  of  Dettingen,  fought  on  16  June,  1743. 
After  having  two  horses  shot  under  him  and  losing 
two  fingers  of  his  left  hand,  seeing  the  regimental 
standard  borne  off  by  some  of  the  enemy  in  con- 
sequence of  a  wound  received  by  the  cornet,  he 
galloped  into  the  midst  of  the  foe,  shot  the  soldier 
who  was  bearing  the  standard  away,  and,  having 
seized  it  and  thrust  it  between  his  thigh  and  the 
saddle,  gallantly  fought  his  way  back  through 
the  hostile  ranks,  and,  though  he  was  covered 
with  wounds,  bore  the  prize  in  triumph  to  his 
comrades,  who  greeted  him  with  three  cheers. 
In  this  valiant  exploit  Tom  received  eight  wounds 
in  his  face,  head,  and  neck,  three  balls  went 
through  his  hat,  and  two  lodged  in  his  back, 
wrhence  they  could  never  be  extracted.  Tom's 
bravery  excited  the  admiration  of  his  countrymen, 
his  achievement  was  painted  on  signboards,  and 
prints  representing  his  heroic  deeds  were  sold  in 
abundance.  His  body  lies  in  the  churchyard, 
but  there  is  no  stone  to  mark  the  spot." 

A.  H.  ARKLE. 

In  an  annual  called  '  Old  Yorkshire,' 
edited  by  William  Smith,  new  series,  vol.  iii., 
1891,  pp.  160-62,  there  is  an  account  of 
Thomas  Brown  and  his  wonderful  exploits, 
with  a  portrait,  but  no  mention  is  made  of 
the  inn  sign  at  Yarm.  He  was  a  private 
in  Bland' s  Dragoons,  and  his  portrait  was 
drawn  by  Boitard  and  by  George  Bickham. 
According  to  Baines's  '  Yorkshire  Directory,' 
1823,  there  was  an  inn  at  Yarm  with  the 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  23,  mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


515 


sign  of  "  The  Dragoon."  In  1857  this  nam 
had  gone,  and  "Tom  Brown"  appears 
Brown  was  born  at  Kirkleatham,  and  o: 
leaving  the  army  retired  to  Yarm. 

W.  C.  B. 

REGIMENTAL     SOBRIQUETS  :      BRITANNIA 
REGIMENT  (US.  iv.  446).— On  the  arriva 
of  our  regiment,  the  2nd  Batt.   13th  Ligh 
Infantry,   at  the  Mauritius  in   1863,  I  wa 
shown  by  the  Brigade-Major  at  the  Garrison 
Office,    Port    Louis,    a    heap    of   interesting 
documents   connected  with  the  capture   o: 
the  Mauritius  and  Bourbon  by  the  British 
in  1811.    When  we  moved  toMahebourg  the 
following  year,  I  found  a  solitary  leather 
bound    manuscript  casualty    book    in    the 
orderly  room,  of  the  regiments  engaged  in 
both    operations,    amongst    which    the    9th 
was    described    as     "  9th     (the    Britannia 
Regiment,"  the  56th  as  "56th  (the  Pompa 
dours)  Regiment."    The  county  titles  of  each 
"  East  Norfolk  "  and    "  West  Essex,"  were 
not  mentioned,  as  far  as  I  recollect.     How 
the  volume  in  question    happened    to    have 
been  left  there  I  cannot  make  out. 

R.  S.  CLARKE. 
Bishop's  Hall,  Taunton. 

'THE  CONVICT  SHIP'  (11  S.  iv.  468).— 
This  poem,  the  opening  lines  of  which  are 
quoted  in  the  query,  had  at  one  time  a  con- 
siderable vogue,  and  was  even  included  in 
some  school  Readers.  It  was  written  by 
Thomas  Kibble  Hervey  (1799-1859),  who 
is  given  a  column  in  the  '  D.N.B.'  In  the 
course  of  that  account  of  his  career  it  is 
stated  that  "  hie  popular  poem  '  The 
Convict  Ship'  first  appeared  in  the  'Lite- 
rary Souvenir  '  for  1825."  In  the  previous 
year  he  had  published  a  poem  entitled 
'  Australia,'  which  met  with  so  much 
success  that  he  abandoned  the  law  for  lite- 
rature. He  was  editor  of  The  Athenceum 
from  1846  until  1853,  having  previously 
been  a  contributor  to  its  columns.  He 
also  wrote  for  The  Dublin  Review,  The 
Art  Journal,  and  various  other  periodicals. 
He  died  on  27  Feb.,  1859,  at  Kentish  Town, 
and  was  buried  at  Highgate.  He  pub- 
lished five  books,  and  in  1866  his  widow 
brought  out  at  Boston,  U.S.A.,  a  complete 
collection  of  his  poems  with  memoir  and 
Portrait.  j.  p.  HOGAN. 

Royal  Colonial  Institute, 

Northumberland  Avenue. 

This  poem  was  written  by  Thomas  Kibble 
Hervey  (born  1799,  died  1859),  author  of 
'  Australia  '  (1824)  and  '  The  Poetical  Sketch 
Book1  (1829),  and  for  a  time  editor  of 


The  Athenazum.  '  My  Sister's  Grave  '  and 
'  The  Convict  Ship  '  are  perhaps  his  best- 
known  pieces  ;  they  are,  at  any  rate,  the 
only  things  of  his  I  remember  to  have 
met  with  in  anthologies.  C.  C.  B. 

This  poem  appears  in  many  anthologies — 
for  instance,  in  that  issued  by  the  Com- 
missioners of  National  Education  in  Ire- 
land, where  it  is  attributed  to  T.  K.  Hervey. 

EMERITUS. 

[MB.  W.  E.  A.  AXON,  W.  C.  B.,  MR.  ANDREW 
HOPE,  MR.  J.  E.  LATTON-PICKERING,  R.  W.  P., 
A.  T.  W.,  and  MR.  C.  T.  WATERS  also  thanked  for 
replies.] 

SPENSER  AND  DANTE  (11  S.  iv.  447). — 
May  not  the  break  with  Rome  have  had 
something  to  do  with  England's  neglect  of 
Dante  ?  Mr.  Paget  Toynbee  states  that 
the  earliest  quotation  of  any  length  from 
the  Italian  text  of  the  '  Commedia  '  printed 
in  England  was  a  passage  of  twenty-seven 
lines — a  curiosity  of  misprinting — from  the 
last  canto  of  the  '  Inferno  '  (xxxiv.  28-54), 
inserted  by  Thomas  Heywood,  the  dramatist, 
in  the  seventh  book  of  his  '  Hierarchie  of 
the  Blessed  Angels,'  which  was  published 
in  1635.  A.  R,  BAYLEY. 

Chaucer  was  familiar  with  Dante's  work, 
and  gives  illustrations  of  his  knowledge   in 
The  House  of  Fame,'  'The  Monk's  Tale,'  and 
otherwise.     The  studies  of  most  of  his  con- 
emporaries   and   immediate   successors   led 
them  less  far  a-field  than  he  was  able  to  go, 
and  thus  for  long  Dante  was  not  a  direct 
nfluence  in  English  verse.     Spenser,   how- 
ever, knew  him,  and  apparently  well,  for  again 
and  again  he  adapts  one  or  other  of  his  sug- 
gestions.     Two   examples  that    have    been 
duly  noted  by  experts  may  be  mentioned 
n    evidence.     In   the    '  Inferno,'    xxiv.    46, 
)ante  reflects  on  those  who  sit  at  ease  and 
trive  not  after  fame,  pointing  out,  as  Long- 
ellow  translates,  that  "  whoso  his  life  con- 
umeth  " 

Such  vestige  leaveth  of  himself  on  earth 
As  smoke  in  air  or  in  the  water  foam. 

ipenser  probably  had  this  in  view  when  he 
yrote  stanzas  40  and  41  of  '  Faerie  Queene,' 
I.  iii.,  beginning  thus  : — 
Whoso  in  pomp  of  proud  estate,  quoth  she, 
Does  swim,  and  bathes  himself  in  courtly  bliss, 
Does  waste  his  days  in  dark  obscurity, 
And  in  oblivion  ever  buried  is. 

The  other  passage  to  which  reference  has 
een  made  is  the  dancing  scene  in  '  Faerie 
^ueene,'  VI.  x.  10-16.  Altogether  delight- 
ul  in  and  for  itself,  this  in  its  inception 
nd  certain  of  its  details  almost  certainly 
wes  something  to  '  Purgatorio,'  xxix.,  xxx. 


516 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        fii  s.  iv.  DEC.  23, 1911. 


Other  similarities  might  readily  be  dis- 
covered. 

It  was  not  necessary  that  Spenser,  in  the 
letter  to  Ralegh,  should  refer  to  his  know- 
ledge of  Dante,  while  it  was  perhaps  indis- 
pensable for  him  to  intimate  that  in  the 
scheme  of  his  work  he  was  to  some  extent 
in  accord  with  his  predecessors,  Ariosto  and 
Tasso.  Had  he  annotated  his  poems  like 
Gray,  he  might  have  shown  where  he  occa- 
sionally met  or  utilized  Dante. 

THOMAS  BAYNE. 

[In  the  text  of  the  '  Inferno  '  the  lines  are 
xxiv.  50,  51  :— 

Cotal  vestigio  in  terra  di  se  lascia, 

Qua!  fuino  in  aere,  od  in  acqua  la  schiuma.] 

PRIME  SERJEANT  (11  S.  iv.  470). — 
Perhaps  the  following  extracts  will  give 
DR.  BRADLEY  the  information  he  wants  : — 

"The  Viceroy  '[Strafford,  in  1632]  increased  the 
number  of  Serjeants-at-Law,  which  rank  in  pre- 
ceding reigns  was  [confined  to  one  lawyer The 

ancient  name  of  King's  Serjeant  was  then  disused, 
and  the 'Prime'  and  Second  Serjeant  became  the 
accustomed  distinction  of  title."— Duhigg's  'History 
of  King's  Inns,'  p.  146. 

Duhigg  adds  at  p.  392  : — 

"The  degree  of  Serjeant-at-Law  in  Ireland  is 
limited  to  three.  In  Hilary  Term  1726  Robert 
Jocelyn  was  appointed  to  the  new  created  office  of 
'  Third  Serjeant-at-Law.' " 

Serjeant  Jocelyn  died  in  1756,  having  been 
raised  to  the  peerage  as  Viscount  Jocelyn 
and  Lord  Chancellor  of  Ireland — '  Dictionary 
of  National  Biography,'  xxix.  399. 

An  important  book  of  reference  with 
regard  to  the  early  history  of  law  in  Ireland 
is  '  The  Liber  Munerum  Hibernire,'  2  vols., 
folio.  SAMUEL  HORNER. 

Dublin. 

DR.  BRADLEY  will  find  a  list  of  Prime 
Serjeants,  who  appear  to  have  taken 
precedence  of  the  Attorney-  and  Solicitor- 
General,  in  C.  J.  Smyth's  '  Chronicle  of  the 
Law  Officers  of  Ireland,'  1839,  pp.  182-92. 
The  first  name  given  in  the  list  is  that  of 
Simon  FitzRichard,  who  flourished  temp. 
Edward  II.  The  office  was  abolished  in 
1805,  on  the  death  of  Arthur  Browne,  who 
had  been  appointed  in  1802. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

There  was  only  one  Serjeant  in  Ireland 
rip  to  1627,  the  first  recorded  appointment 
being  made  in  1326.  A  Second  Serjeant 
was  appointed  in  1627,  and  the  King's 
Serjeant  (as  up  to  that  date  the  only  then 
existing  Serjeant  was  called)  was  named 
Prime  Serjeant  ;  later  a  third  was  added, 
and  the  number  has  remained  ever  since 


at  three.  The  title  Prime  Serjeant  was 
bolished  in  1805,  the  last  holder  being 
Arthur  Browne ;  his  successor  was  called 
First  Serjeant,  and  each  successor  has  borne 
this  title. 

Further  information  of  a  detailed  kind 
may  be  found  in  Smyth's  '  Law  Officers  of 
[reland,'  1839,  and  Haydn's  '  Book  of 
Dignities.'  L.  A.  W. 

Dublin. 

There  appear  to  have  been  three  grades 
of  Serjeants  at  Law.  The  first  was  known 
as  Prime  Serjeants  or  "  Narratores  Regis." 
A  list  of  these  officials  will  be  found  in 
Smyth's  '  Chronicle  of  the  Law  Officers  of 
Ireland,'  published  in  1839.  It  will  be  worth 
while  to  compare  this  list  with  that  found  in 
Lascelles's  '  Liber  Munerum  Publicorum 
Hiberniae  '  (vol.  i.  part  ii.  p.  71,  part  iii.  p.  68), 
published  by  the  Record  Commission  in 
1852.  T.  C. 

[MR.  T.  H.  BARROW  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (US. 
iv.  449). — In  Palgrave's  '  Golden  Treasury,' 
ii.  77,  Ben  Jonson's  lines,  beginning 

It  is  not  growing  like  a  tree, 

appear  as  lyric  No.  xcvi.,  under  the  title 
'The  Noble  Nature.'  This  is  one  of  the 
numerous  misnomers  in  a  very  attractive 
book.  A  reader  of  Palgrave  to  whom 
Jonson's  poems  are  inaccessible  will  natur- 
ally conclude  that  the  single  stanza,  with 
its  distinctive  heading  and  the  poet's  name 
appended,  is  a  complete  and  independent 
product.  In  reality  it  is  the  third  strophe 
of  '  A  Pindaric  Ode  on  the  Death  of  Sir 
H.  Morison.'  THOMAS  BAYNE 

PORCH  INSCRIPTION  IN  LATIN  (11  S.  iv. 
330,  457). — The  second  of  MR,  DOWLING'S 
four  Latin  lines  will  not  scan,  probably 
owing  to  the  omission  of  the  word  "  cui  " 
(to  whom)  before  or  after  "  de  quo."  The 
addition  of  this  word  will  make  up  the  number 
of  monitions  in  this  line  to  six,  the  number 
of  them  stated  in  the  first  line.  In  the 
English  versions  of  the  advice  the  six  are 
reduced  to  five  by  omitting  "  quid  "  (what). 
The  first  two  of  MR.  DOWLING'S  Latin  lines 
are  hexameters.  The  last  two  make  an 
elegiac  couplet,  which  forms  a  distinct  set 
of  monitions,  not  closely  connected  with 
the  former  six.  JOHN  R.  MAGRATH. 

Queen's  College,  Oxford. 

In  the  first  two  lines  of  the  quatrain  at 
the  second  reference  the  metre  has  been 
mangled.  It  could  be  restored  by  reading 

Si  sapiens  fore  vis,  sex  serva  quse  tibi  mando  : 
Quid  dicas,  de  quo,  quomodo,  quando,  et  ubi. 


n  s.  iv.  DEO.  23,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


517 


The  use  of  "  fore  "  for  "  esse  "  is  post- 
classical.  The  transposition  of  "  et  ubi " 
not  only  makes  the  second  line  metrical, 
but  puts  the  last  three  precepts  in  the  order 
of  the  English  version, 

And  how,  and  when,  and  where. 

If  "  hses  "  were  substituted  for  "  sex  "  in  line  1 
we  should  get  rid  of  the  difficulty  as  to  the 
number  of  the  monitions.  But  the  second 
distich  in  the  version  given  by  MR.  RAY- 
MUND  DOWLING  has  little  connexion  with 
the  first,  and  the  first  two  lines  could  be 
taken  by  themselves  and  converted  into 
riming  hexameters  : — 

Si  sapiens  fore  vis,  sex  serva  quee  tibi  inando  : 
Quid  dicas,  et  ubi,  de  quo,  cui,  quomodo,  quando. 

The  insertion  of  "  cui  "  brings  the  number  of 
precepts  in  the  couplet  up  to  six. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

I  have  read  the  same  advice  in  the 
Hebrew  poems  of  Alcharizi.  He  may  have 
borrowed  the  idea  of  it  from  the  Fathers, 
with  whose  writings  he  was  in  all  likelihood 
familiar.  He  puts  it  a  trifle  more  humorously, 
as  becomes  an  Italian  of  the  age  of  Boccaccio. 
M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

"  WALM  "  AS  A  STREET-NAME  (11  S.  iv. 
290,  358). — According  to  Chambers's  '  His- 
tory of  Malvern,'  1817,  p.  136,  there  was  a 
spring  in  Tippin's  Rough  in  Newen's  Wood, 
in  the  parish  of  Ledbury,  called  "  Walm's 
Well  or  Wa'am's  well."  W.  C.  B 

The  second  signification  of  this  word 
given  in  the  '  E.D.D.'  may  account  for  the 
origin  of  the  name  Walm  Lane  at  Crickle- 
wood — a  measure  of  salt  after  boiling  ; 
the  example  there  given  being  :  "  The  salt 
made  is  not  disposed  into  sacks,  walms,  or 
any  other  measure,  but  lieth  in  huge  great 
heaps,"  ('Travels  Brereton,'  1634-5). 

N.  W    HILL. 

New  York. 

GEORGE  WOODBERRY  (11  S.  iv.  428).— 
In  the  official  '  Army  List '  of  1817,  under 
the  heading  '  18th  Light  Dragoons,  Hussars,' 
the  date  of  his  lieutenantcy  is  10  Dec., 
1812  ;  and  the  same  date  is  given  in  Dalton's 
*  Waterloo  Roll  Call.'  W.  S. 

28TH  REGIMENT  AT  CAPE  ST.  VINCENT  : 
75TH  REGIMENT  (11  S.  iv.  288). — Official 
Records  of  British  regiments  were  pub- 
lished about  1835.  The  author's  name  was 
Cannon.  WILLIAM  MACARTHUR. 

Dublin. 


HISTORY     OP     ENGLAND     WITH     RIMING 
VERSES  (11  S.  iv.  168,  233,  278,  375,418).— 
There    is    another  of  these  riming  histories 
which  I  do  not  think  I  have  seen  referred 
;o.     It   differs   from   the   others   in   that  it 
Begins  at  the    end    and  works   backwards. 
Unfortunately  I   have    only  the    following 
fragments.      The    entire  poem  (?)  must  be 
somewhat  extensive  : — 
This  is  the  Sovereign,  fair  and  young, 
Whose  plaudits  flow  from  every  tongue. 
Long  may  she  reign,  beloved,  in  peace  ; 
Each  year  her  happiness  increase. 
3f  all  her  ancient  royal  line 
May  hers  with  noblest  glory  shine  ; 
And  bright  in  History's  page  be  seen 
Victoria,  our  youthful  Queen. 
Niece  to  William  the  Fourth,  the  last  King  who 

reigned, 
When   the   Bill  for   Reform   was   contested   and 

gained  ; 

While  parties  were  eagerly  struggling  at  home, 
To  no  foreign  countries  our  armies  did  roam. 
The  ships,  too,  were  quietly  kept  at  their  stations, 
For  peace   was   preserved   by   the   neighbouring 

nations. 

GEORGE  IV. 
Son  of  the  patriarch  George  the  Third, 
In  whose  longest  of  reigns  great  events  occurred  : 
Duncan,    Howe,    Jarvis,  Nelson,    great    victories 

gained, 
And  Britain  the  rule  of  the  ocean  maintained. 

The  Young  Pretender  in  forty-five 
In  the  North  of  Scotland  did  arrive  ; 
At  Preston  Pans  the  Royalists  beat, 
But  at  Culloden  suffered  a  great  defeat  ; 
Then  fled  away  from  Britain's  shore, 
And  his  cause  was  lost  for  evermore. 

that  bad  [sic]  clever  man, 
Oliver  Cromwell,  the  State's  Director 
Under  the  title  of  Lord  Protector, 
When  Charles  the  First  had  lost  his  head, 
After  his  men  from  battle  had  fled. 
For  disputes  arose,  and  to  war  he  went 
With  his  unruly  Parliament. 

Edward  the  First,  of  lengthy  limb  ; 

Wales  was  annexed  to  the  realm  by  him. 

He  warred  with  the  Scots,  whom  often  he  beat, 

Though  they  rallied  again  after  each  defeat. 

HENRY  III. 

His  reign  was  the  longest  of  any  but  one  ; 

Son  of  the  weak  and  wicked  King  John. 

His  crown  to  the  Pope  through  fear  he  resigned, 

And  famed  Magna  Carta  at  Runnymede  signed. 

Brother  to  Richard  of  Lion-heart, 

Who  in  Palestine  played  a  warlike  part. 

The  Germans  in  prison  did  him  detain  ; 

At  the  siege  of  Chalons  in  France  he  was  slain. 

Henry  the    Second,  wise  and  great ; 

Yet  sorrow  reached  his  high  estate. 

From  Thomas  a  Becket  much  trouble  grew, 

Whom  at  church  the  King's  attendants  slew. 

For  which  Henry  himself,  without  complaint, 

Was  scourged  at  the  shrine  of  the  so-called  Saint 


518 


NOTES  AND  Q  UERIES.        [11  s.  iv.  DEC.  23,  ion. 


He  followed  Stephen,  whose  reign,  full  of  strife, 

Caused  a  fearful  waste  of  human  life. 

Henry  the  First,  by  learning  skilled, 

Who  reigned  when  his   brother  by  chance   was 

killed  ; 

William  called  Rufus,  which  signifies  Red  : 
A  prince  of  bad  morals  and  manners,  'tis  said. 
The  throne  by  his  quickness  in  travelling  he  won 
From  his  brother  Robert,  the  eldest  son 
Of  William  the  Conqueror,  stern  and  bold, 
Who  ordered  the  Curfew  bell  to  be  tolled, 
And  caused  the  Domesday  Book  to  be  made, 
And  the  Xorman  feudal  laws  obeyed. 
He  won  the  great  battle  on  Hastings  plain, 
Where  Harold  the  King  by  an  arrow  was  slain, 
While  his  men  with  Normans  in  combat  mixed, 
In  the  year  ten  hundred  and  sixty-six. 
Son  of  'Earl  Godwin,  and  successor 
To  good  King  Edward  the  Confessor. 
He  followed  three  Danes  on  the  throne  that  sate : 
The  first,  Canute,  who  was  called  the  Great  ; 
Then  two  of  his  sons  to  him  succeed  : 
Harold  called  Harefoot  because  of  highspeed  ; 
The  last  of  the  race  was  Hardicanute, 
Whose  grossness  with  royalty  little  did  suit. 
The  Danish  power  had  stronger  grown, 
And  the  Saxons  had  often  been  overthrown 
Since  the  days  of  great  Alfred,  brave  and  wise, 
\Yho  like  a  bright  star  in  the  dark  did  rise. 
He  laboured  incessantly  to  assuage 
The  fury  and  vice  of  a  barbarous  age. 
He  quelled  the  Danes,  who,  on  every  hand, 
Scattered  fire  and  sword  throughout  the  land. 
He  was  grandson  of  Egbert,  whom  we  call 
The  first  King  of  England.     He  ruled  over  all 
The  seven  kingdoms  the  Saxons  framed, 
And,*  from  their  number,  the  Heptarchy  named : 
Kent,  East  Anglia,  Sussex,  Wessex, 
Northumbria,  Mercia,  and  Essex. 
While  the  natives,  who  long  for  their  country  had 

striven, 

At  length  to  the  mountains  of  Wales  were  driven 
J3y  Jutes  and  Angles  from  Germany's  shore, 
Who  came  at  King  Vortigern's  summons  o'er, 
And  drove  Picts  and  Scots  beyond  the  Tweed, 
Who  invaded  the  Britons,  who  help  did  need, 
Feeling  of  power  and  help  bereft 
When  by  the  foreign  legions  left, 
Through  Goths  and  \randals,  tribes  of  the  North, 
From  forests  and  mountains  sallying  forth, 
Subduing  the  Romans,  once  so  bold, 
Most  famous  of  all  the  nations  old, 
Who  conquered  the  Britons,  a  barbarous  race, 
Chiefly  employed  in  war  and  the  chase, 
Who  dwelt  in  our  native  England. 

The  last  lines,  I  believe,  are  supposed 
to  be  repeated  over  and  over  again,  after 
the  manner  of  "  This  is  the  house  that  Jack 
built,"  but  I  am  afraid  that,  even  in  this 
truncated  and  sectional  form,  the  poem  is 
rather  long  for  the  pages  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 

J.  FOSTER  PALMER. 

8,  Royal  Avenue,  S.W. 

URBAX  V.'s  FAMILY  NAME  (11  S.  iv.  204, 
256,  316,  456,  499).— It  was  not  on  the  mere 
"  likeness  of  the  names  "  that  I  based  my 
suggestion,  but,  as  I  stated,  three  or  four 
ancient  reputable  writers  actually  name 
the  Pope  as  Gulielmo  Grimaldi,  and  now 


it  seems  that  Boccardo's  '  Enciclopedia 
Italiana'  writes  of  him  as  Grimoaldo  and 
Grimaud,  both  forms  of  Grimaldi. 

The  Latin  '  Life '  to  which  I  referred 
says  '  "  Quibus  libentissime  adnumerarim 
Angelicum  Grimaldi  creatum  Cardinalem 
ab  avo  suo  Urban  V.  antea  Gulielmo 
Grimaldi." 

If  Grimaud,  Grimoard,  and  Grimoaldo 
are  the  same  name,  it  comes  practically  to 
saying  that  the  Grimoards  were  Grimaldis, 
for  the  two  latter  are  undoubted  variations 
of  Grimaldi.  The  Grimoards  being  an  old 
Provencal  family  would  exactly  agree  with 
their  being  originally  Grimaldis  ;  for,  as  I 
noticed  before,  the  Grimaldi  were  settled 
in  Provence,  A.D.  973,  and  gave  their  name 
to  some  places  there.  This  seems  to  have 
been  somewhat  of  a  habit  with  them  ; 
for  a  castle  and  town  of  Grimaldo,  near 
Salamanca,  is  mentioned  ;  and  I  remember, 
some  years  ago,  climbing  up  to  the  village 
Grimaldi,  the  Italian  side  of  the  Pont  St. 
Louis,  beyond  Mentone.  There  is  also  a 
Grimaldi  in  Calabria.  L.  M.  R. 

NORTH  DEVON  WORDS  c.  1600  (US.  iv. 
449). — The  mention  of  "  tea  "  in  the  Hols- 
worthy  register  of  1598  is  very  surprising. 
If  authentic,  it  is  the  first  appearance  of  the 
word  in  the  English  language.  This  is  so 
unlikely  that  one  must  suppose  the  MS.  has 
been  incorrectly  read,  and  suspect  the 
correctness  of  some  of  the  other  words 
found  in  it.  G.  C.  MOORE  SMITH. 

[DiEGO  also  questions  meaning  of  "  tea  "  in  1598.] 

DONNY  FAMILY  (11  S.  iv.  467). — Apart 
from  the  genealogical  question,  it  may  be  of 
interest  to  recall  that  the  name  was  used  by 
Dickens,  who  gave  it  to  Miss  Donny  and  her 
sister  at  Greenleaf,  in  the  third  chapter  of 
'  Bleak  House.'  Dickens' s  practice  of  noting 
down  unusual  names  is  well  illustrated  by 
the  long  lists  from  his  '  Memoranda  '  printed 
in  Forster's  '  Life,'  vol.  hi.  chap.  xii. 

EDWARD  BENSLY, 

LOWTHER    AND    COWPER    FAMILIES    (11    S, 

iv.  388,  457). — It  is  correct  that  Chris- 
topher Lowther  married  Anne,  daughter  of 
Sir  John  Cowper,  and  at  the  time  of  her 
marriage  she  was  probably  the  only  daughter 
as  her  sister  Elizabeth  died  young.  She 
had,  however,  two  brothers — William  and 
Thomas — and,  by  her  father's  second  mar- 
riage, a  sister  Elizabeth,  who  was  surviving 
in  1759.  Sir  John  Cowper  was  a  grandson, 
and  Lord  Chancellor  Cowper  a  great-grand- 
son, of  Sir  vv'illiam  Cowper,  Bart.,  of  Non- 
ington,  Kent,  and  Hertford ;  hence  the 


n  s.  iv.  DEC.  23,  i9ii.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


519 


cousinship.  Christopher  Lowther  of 
Wressle,  so  far  from  dying  s.p.,  left  sons 
John,  Sturmy,  and  Robert,  and  a  daughter 
Anne.  I  believe  John  died  in  Durham  in 
1785  s.p.  It  would  appear  that,  if  any 
heirs  male  of  the  others  survive,  they  repre- 
sent the  direct  line  and  baronetcy  (but  no 
other  title)  of  Lowther  of  Lowther.  The 
present  Lonsdale  descent  is  from  a  younger 
brother  of  Sir  John,  and  the  title  a  revival  of 
two  similar  titles  which  died  out  from  want 
of  issue.  H.  FANSHAWE. 


on 


Pins  and  Pincushions.     By  B.  D.  Longman  and 

S.  Loch.     (Longmans  &  Co.) 

THIS  book  has  been  written  "  with  the  view  of 
pointing  out  the  great  importance  of  the  '  Pin,' 
both  in  ancient  and  modern  times,"  and'it  con- 
tains a  good  deal  of  matter,  both  learned  and 
entertaining,  concerning  one  of  the  smallest  of 
everyday  conveniences.  We  must,  however, 
remark  that  a  little  more  trouble  and  time  spent 
by  the  two  authors  would  have  sensibly  improved 
their  gatherings.  Their  volume  is  decidedly 
scrappy  ;  in  some  places  it  lacks  arrangement  ; 
and,  strangely  enough,  they  have  forgotten  to 
supply  an  Index.  They  talk  of  adding  dignity  to 
the  subject,  but  introduce  reflections  in  a  conver- 
sational style,  and  quote  from  The  Daily  Mail 
and  Tit-Bits.  The  illustrations  are  numerous 
and  very  attractive,  especially  in  the  earlier 
portion  of  the  volume,  where  prehistoric  pins  are 
figured  and  described.  Dickens,  we  are  told, 
used  to  wear  two  pins  connected  by  a  chain  in  his 
cravat,  and  thus  followed  the  type  of  those  used 
in  the  Bronze  Age.  From  early  days  up  to  recent 
times  pins  have  figured  largely  in  magic,  and  the 
accounts  here  of  various  usages  of  the  kind  are 
of  great  interest.  The  sticking  of  pins  into  a 
manikin  representing  the  person  one  wishes  to 
suffer  is  a  well-known  feature  of  witchcraft. 
We  note  that  a  popular  embodiment  of  such  a 
practice  appears  in  '  The  Leech  of  Folkestone  '  of 
'  The  Ingoldsby  Legends.'  The  doll  in  this  case 
had  great  ugly  pins  in  it,  "  those  extended  pieces 
of  black  pointed  wires,  with  which,  in  the  days  of 
toupees  and  pompoons,  our  foremothers  were  wont 
to  secure  their  fly-caps  and  head-gear  from  the 
impertinent  assaults  of  '  Zephyrus  and  the  Little 
Breezes.'  " 

When  the  writers  (p.  27)  ask  their  readers  to 
consider  for  a  moment  what  one  day  in  their 
lives  would  be  without  a  pin  of  any  kind,  they 
give  an  indication  of  their  sex.  The  pin,  except 
for  ornamental  purposes,  is  hardly  an  incessant 
concern  to  the  modern  man,  and  the  reservation 
is  added  later  (p.  145)  that  pins  are  "  now  more 
essentially  of  feminine  use."  Scarf  pins  and  tie- 
pins  are  not,  we  think,  so  popular  as  they  were, 
though  the-  well-dressed  young  man  uses  a  safety- 
pin  to  keep  his  tie  in  place  when  he  wears  a  soft 
collar. 

Pins  in  drinking-vessels  have  been  discussed 
in  our  columns,  as  also  a  "  policy  of  pin-pricks." 
We  do  not  know  what  is  the  earliest  use  of  pin- 
dropping  to  indicate  silence.  Pin  -pricked 


pictures  are  well  illustrated,  one  of  the  plates  pre- 
senting the  work  of  a  lady  now  in  her  101st  year. 

'  Pins  in  Poetry  and  Prose  '  gives  a  good  collec- 
tion of  quotations  from  the  former,  but  why  are 
not  the  authors  cited  arranged  in  alphabetical  or 
chronological  order  ?  It  seems  odd  to  jump  from 
Swift  to  Milton,  followed  by  Mrs.  Browning  and 
Shakespeare.  The  prose  selections  could  easily 
be  increased.  Thus  Swift  writes  in  his  '  Journal 
to  Stella  '  (Letter  XV.,  February,  1710/11)  : — 

"  Well,  you  shall  have  your  pins,  but  for 
candles  ends,  I  cannot  promise,  because  I  burn 
them  to  the  stumps." 

In  '  Adam  Bede,'  chap,  xv.,  Hetty  "  could  see 
the  head  of  every  pin  in  her  red-cloth  pin- 
cushion." Pincushions  were  in  earlier  days 
both  beautiful  and  elaborate,  as  is  shown  here, 
and  some  fine  examples  are  pictured  which  testify 
to  the  Jacobite  faith. 

In  a  new  edition  the  authors  might  revise  their 
derivation  of  the  word  "  pin."  The  last  two 
figures  in  the  date  of  Daudet's  death  (p.  125) 
should  be  reversed  ;  and  our  correspondent  Mr. 
Thomas  Ratcliffe  is  called  "  Radcliffe  "  in  the. 
Preface. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — DECEMBER. 

MB.  P.  M.  BARNARD'S  Tunbridge  Wells  Cata- 
logue 49,  '  Tracts,  Broadsides,  Sermons,  etc.," 
contains  591  entries,  chiefly  belonging  to  the 
seventeenth  century.  The  most  interesting  por- 
tion deals  with  the  years  1640-65  (250  items),  and 
includes  some  important  tracts  on  the  Civil  War 
and  Restoration.  Among  the  more  notable  items 
are  the  first  edition  (the  "mourning  edition"), 
of  Sylvester's  '  Lachrimae  Lachrimarum  '  (1612) 
on  the  death  of  Prince  Henry,  SI.  Ss.  ;  a  Par- 
liamentary declaration  on  horses  and  arms,  with 
a  woodcut  of  the  mark  used  on  them,  II.  12s.  ;. 
an  account  of  the  naval  successes  of  Sir  Richard 
Stayner  (1656)  and  Blake  (1657)  against  the 
Spaniards  ;  a  number  of  tracts  by  Prynne, 
besides  others  relating  to  Ireland  ;  and  several 
broadsides. 

Mr.  J.  G.  Commin  of  Exeter  includes  in  his 
Catalogue  280  The  Art  Journal,  complete  to 
1910,  62  vols.,  9Z.  10s.  ;  Magazine  of  Art,  com- 
plete set,  27  vols.,  51.  '  Records  of  New  Amster- 
dam,' 7  vols.,  31.  10s.  ;  Anglo-Saxon  Review, 
10  vols.,  31.  15s.  ;  Archaeological  Journal,  36  vols., 
4Z.  18s.  ;  and  several  English  Chronicles  bound  by 
Bedford.  Audsley  and  Bowes's  '  Keramic  Art  of 
Japan,'  2  vols.,  is  61.  15s.  ;  Bida's  etchings  to  the 
Four  Gospels,  2  vols.,  3Z.  15s.  ;  Britton's  '  Cathe- 
dral Antiquities,'  5  vols.,  21.  18s.  6d.,  and  '  Archi- 
tectural Antiquities,'  5  vols.,  31.  3s.  ;  and 
Chalmers's  '  Caledonia,'  7  vols.,  31.  There  are 
a  large  number  of  books  under  Devon  and  Corn- 
wall. Shaw's  '  Dresses  and  Decorations  of  the 
Middle  Ages,'  2  vols.,  is  21.  18s.  ;  Gillray's 
'  Caricatures  '  4  vols.,  7Z.|10s. ;  Guillim's  '  Heraldry,' 
best  edition,  Ql.  10s.  ;  and  Punch,  100  vols., 
11.  10s.  There  are  several  entries  under  Numis- 
matic, and  a  number  of  antiquarian  works  from 
the  library  of  the  late  Hardinge  F.  Giffard. 

Messrs.  W.  &  G.  Foyle,  who  issue  a  large 
number  of  classified  lists,  have  sent  us  their 
Catalogue  of  Literature  and  Reference  Books, 
which  includes  a  general  summary  of  all  their 
catalogues  ;  Selected  List  of  Educational  Books  ;-. 


520 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        m  s.  iv.  DEC.  23, 1911. 


Catalogue  of  Medical  Books  ;  Catalogue  of  Six- 
penny Books  ;  and  Catalogue  of  Technical  and 
Scientific  Books. 

Mr.  John  Grant  of  Edinburgh  sends  two  Cata- 
logues. The  first  is  devoted  to  Books  for  General 
Beading  and  for  Reference,  and  includes  '  The 
Corporation  Plate  of  the  Cities  and  Towns  of 
England  and  Wales,'  by  Llewellynn  Jewitt  and 
W.  H.  St.  John  Hope,  2  vols.,  387  illustrations, 
II.  15s.  ;  '  Old  English  Silver  and  Sheffield  Plate,' 
by  J.  W.  Caldicott  and  J.  Starkie  Gardner, 
87  plates,  11.  Is.  ;  '  The  Poetry  of  Badenoch,' 
by  the  Rev.  T.  Linton,  large-paper  edition, 
14s.  Qd.  ',  Baring-Gould's  '  Cornish  Characters 
and  Strange  Events,'  8s.  Qd.  ;  '  Water  :  its  Origin 
;and  Use,'  by  W.  Coles-Finch,  illustrated,  7s.  Qd.  ; 
•*  Le  Roman  de  Merlin,'  edited  by  Dr.  Oskar 
."Sommer,  17s.  Qd. ;  Helps's  '  Spanish  Conquest  in 
America,'  8s.  Qd.  ;  and  Ferguson's  '  Teutonic 
Name-System,'  1864,  6s.  Mr.  Grant  also  offers 
Vols.  V.-XXIII.  of  The  Classical  Review  for 
11.  5s.,  and  Vols.  X.-XXIII.  for  15s. 

Mr.  Grant's  second  Catalogue  contains  Colour- 
Books  and  Finely  Illustrated  Works.  These 
range  in  price  from  tenpence  for  a  short  account 
of  Irving,  illustrated  by  Mortimer  Menpes,  to 
•21.  10s.  for  Sir  Walter  Armstrong's  handsome 
volume  on  Raeburn,  so  that  pockets  of  all 
•capacities  can  be  suited. 

Mr.  George  T.  Juckes  calls  his  latest  Catalogue 
'  The  Bibliophile's  Christmas  Hamper.'  It  in- 
cludes a  choice  collection  of  books,  some  of  the 
most  noticeable  being  Browning's  Works,  17  vols., 
1888-1894,  20Z.  ;  Vallance's  '  Art  of  William 
Morris,'  1897,  10Z.  10s.  ;  Picart's  '  Religious  Cere- 
monies,' 12  vols.,  folio,  11.  Is. ;  Crane's  '  Spenser's 
Faerie  Queen,'  19  parts,  Japanese  vellum,  18Z.  18s.; 
'  An  Exposition  of  the  Work  of  Turner  by  Ruskin,' 
Edition  de  Luxe,  2  vols.,  folio,  Ql.  12s.  Qd.  ;  and 
Voltaire's  Complete  Works  in  English,  illustrated, 
43  vols.,  crimson  buckram,  20Z.  There  are  also 
many  items  for  more  modest  purses. 

Messrs.  Myers's  Catalogue  174  contains  a  set  o" 
8  folio  plates  after  Bunbury,  '  Uniforms  of  the 
British  Army  in  1791,'  choice  impressions  in 
fine  state,  12Z.  12s.  ;  a  pair  of  coloured  plates, 
'  Salmon  Fishing  in  Picturesque  Scottish  Streams, 
framed,  11.  Is.  ;  '  The  Peninsular  Heroes,'  proof 
mezzotint  after  Knight  by  Bromley,  large  folio, 
51.  5s.  ;  '  Heroes  of  Waterloo,'  51.  5s.  ;  '  Naval 
Heroes,'  51.  5s.  ;  a  selection  of  Sir  Robert  Strange's 
works  in  first  published  state  ;  four  rare  coloured 
views  of  the  London  Docks,  large  folio,  by  Daniell, 
1803,  framed,  36  guineas  ;  an  autograph  proof 
portrait  of  the  twelfth  Duke  of  Hamilton,  mezzo- 
tint after  Buckner  by  Wagstaff,  51.  5s.  ;  and  a 
mezzotint,  autograph  proof,  of  the  third  Marquis 
of  Londonderry,  51.  5s. 

From  Ludwig  Rosenthal's  Antiquariat,  Munich, 
we  have  a  Catalogue  of  Rare  and  Old  Books  in  the 
English  Language,  containing  2,883  items,  of 
which  we  may  mention  '  Vita3  Patrum,'  printed 
by  Wynkyn  de  Worde,  1485,  250Z.  ;  '  The  Royal 
Book/  printed  by  Caxton,  c.  1488,  250Z.  ;  Chippen- 
dale's '  Gentleman  and  Cabinet-Maker's  Director,' 
1762,  50Z.  ;  Fielding's  '  Tom  Jones,'  first  edition, 
1749,  151.  ;  Goldsmith's  '  Vicar  of  Wakefield,' 
first  edition,  1766,  150Z.  ;  Gribelin's  '  Book  of 
Ornament,'  1704,  301.  ;  and  Brunetti's  '  Sixty 
Different  Ornaments,'  1736,  40Z.  Many  other 


important  items  are  to  be  found  under  the  head- 
ings of  Bibliography,  Drama,  English  History 
and  Literature,  Medicine,  Shakespeare,  Theology, 
&c.,  at  prices  varying  according  to  the  degree  of 
rarity,  thus  catering  not  only  for  rich  collectors, 
but  also  for  students  of  art,  literature,  and  science. 
Coming  from  a  Continental  house,  this  is  a  re- 
markable catalogue. 

Messrs.  Sotheran's  Price  Current  721  is  a 
collection  of  books  suitable  for  Christmas  and 
New  Year  gifts.  It  begins  with  Ackermann's 
illustrations  of  the  Public  Schools,  with  plates 
coloured  by  hand,  1816,  211.  10s.  Esquemeling's 
'  Bucaniers  of  America,'  first  edition,  with  MS. 
matter  by  Mark  Noble,  1684-5,  is  251.  ;  the  first 
edition  of  '  The  Ingoldsby  Legends,'  3  vols.,  with 
illustrations  by  Cruikshank  and  Leech,  1QI.  16s.  ; 
an  extra-illustrated  set  of  Murray's  Library 
Edition  of  Byron,  10  vols.  in  12,  1830-39,  561.  i 
a  fine  illustrated  large-paper  set  of  Dibdin,  first 
editions,  6  vols.,  1817-23,  65Z.  ;  a  set  of  first 
editions  of  George's  Eliot's  Novels  and  Poems, 
27  vols.,  42Z.  ;  a  set  of  The  English  Historical 
Review,  25  vols.,  1886-1910,  42Z.  ;  a  brilliant 
copy  of  '  The  Houghton  Gallery,'  2  vols.,  1788, 
70 1.  :  the  first  edition  of  '  Endymion,'  original 
boards,  1818,  52Z.  10s.  ;  the  Edition  de  Luxe 
of  Meredith's  Works,  35  vols.,  37Z.  10s.  ;  James 
Shirley's  '  Six  New  Playes,'  first  edition,  with  two 
other  plays,  bound  in  1  vol.,  1653-5,  25Z.  ; 
85  drawings  of  Wedgwood  Vases  and  China,  60Z.  ; 
and  Westmacott's  '  English  Spy,'  first  edition, 
illustrated  by  Rowlandson,  Gillray,  and  others, 
2  vols..  35Z.  There  are  many  entries  -under 
Dickens. 

[Notices  of  other  Catalogues  held  over.] 


W.  T.  LYNN. — The  death  last  Monday  week  of 
Mr.  William  Thynne  Lynn,  the  astronomical 
expert  of  The  Athenceum,  also  deprives  '  N.  &  Q.' 
of  an  old  and  valued  correspondent.  Mr.  Lynn 
wrote  in  our  columns  for  many  years,  specially 
on  Biblical  subjects,  and  details  of  the  Calendar, 
such  as  the  chronology  of  Easter  and  the  date 
of  the  birth  of  Christ.  His  little  books  on  ele- 
mentary astronomy  had  a  considerable  popularity. 

W.  M.  GRAHAM  EASTON.  —  We  have  also  to 
regret  the  loss  of  another  contributor  in  Mr. 
W.  M.  Graham  Easton,  who  died  in  his  sleep  on 
the  8th  inst.  He  wrote  principally  on  genealogy 
and  Scottish  subjects. 


CORRESPONDENTS  who  send  letters  to  be'  for- 
warded to  other  contributors  should  put  on  the  top 
left-hand  corner  of  their  envelopes  the  number  of 
the  page  of  '  N .  &  Q.'  to  which  their  letters  refer, 
so  that  the  contributor  may  be  readily  identified. 
Otherwise  much  time  has  to  be  spent  in  tracing  the 
querist. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  '  Notes  and  Queries '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub- 
lishers " — at  the  Office,  Brea/n's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.C. 

F.  F.  B.— Forwarded. 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  so,  1911.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


521 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  DECEMBER  30,  1911. 


CONTENTS.— No.  105. 

NOTES  :— Sir  John  Gilbert  as  Illustrator,  521— Whitting- 
ton  and  his  Cat,  522— Epitaphiana,  524— Napoleon  and 
Dwidll.  of  Scotland— "  Homestead,"  525— "  Cockrod  "  : 
"Cockshoot"  — Smooth  or  Prickly  Holly  — Court  Leet: 
Manor  Court,  526. 

QUERIES  :— '  Milieux  d' Art '—Somerset  Carpenter  Arms— 
Phillipps  Family— Lairds  of  Drumminnor — Statue  in 
Cavendish  Square— Our  Lady's  Fast,  527— Thomas  Gower 
— Dark  Saturday  —  Oxford  Degrees  and  Ordination  — 
Beaupre  Bell-H.  Card -Bishop  Griffith— J.  Hindle— 
Ancient  Terms — Arno's  Grove,  523 — "Cousin  and  Coun- 
sellor "  —  Capt.  Stubbs  at  Salamanca  —  Catholick  as  a 
Surname -Dennie  of  London  and  Jamaica,  529 — Thiers's 
4  Traite"  des  Superstitions  '—Diseases  from  Plants— Broad- 
bent  Portraits— Capt.  Benjamin  Joseph— Coltman  Family, 
530. 

REPLIES  :— Halletts  of  Canons,  530  — "Quam  nihil  ad 
genium,  Papiniane,  tuum  ! " — Timothy  Bright,  531 — Rating 
of  Clergy  to  find  Armour—"  Dillisk"  and  "Slook,"  532— 
Holed  Stones,  533— Henry  Fielding  and  the  Civil  Power- 
Felicia  Hemans — Lucius,  534 — "  Though  Christ  a  thousand 
times  be  slain" — Langley  Hill — Miss  Howard — Gibber's 
'  Apology'  —  Tattershall  :  Elsham  :  Grantham,  535  — 
«'  Writes  me,"  536—  Theophilus  Leigh— Weare  :  Thurtell— 

"The  Swiss    Cottage"— Rev.  Iliff,    537— Authors 

Wanted—"  Honorificabilitudinitatibus  "—Daniel  Purcell 
— Jane  Austen's  'Persuasion' — Guild  of  the  B.V.M.  in 
Dublin— Southey's  Letters— Hamlet  as  Christian  Name, 
538— Manzoni :  'Promessi  Sposi,'  539. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :— '  Old  English  Libraries.' 
Booksellers'  Catalogues. 
Notices  to  Correspondents. 


SIR  JOHN  GILBERT  AS 
ILLUSTRATOR. 

IT  was  as  a  painter  that  John  Gilbert,  in 
1836,  made  his  first  bow  to  the  public ; 
some  two  years  later  he  tried  his  'prentice 
hand  as  a  black-and-white  illustrator  in 
the  service  of  Dean  &  Munday  of  Thread- 
needle  Street.  Miss  Corner's  '  Histories ' 
were  then  in  course  of  publication  by  this 
firm.  The  plates  for  '  England '  were  drawn 
by  T.  H.  Jones,  and  engraved  by  Daven- 
port. They  were,  however,  merely  small 
•copies  from  famous  pictures.  *  France  ' 
was  entrusted  to  John  Franklin  ;  but  his 
designs,  stiff  and  tame,  did  not  give  entire 
satisfaction.  He  would  nevertheless  prob- 
ably have  been  kept  on  for  the  rest  of  the 
series  ;  but  (so  the  story  goes)  during  his 
.absence  at  the  "  Eglinton  Tournament," 
Gilbert  "  called  in,"  and  was  commissioned 
to  design  the  plates  for  the  remaining 
volumes.  These  sketches,  after  all,  were 


more  like  historical  pictures  than  magazine 
or  newspaper  illustrations ;  and,  oddly 
enough,  he  never  made  another  drawing  for 
the  Threadneedle  Street  firm.  About  the 
year  1838,  some  sketches  in  pen-and-ink, 
or  pencil,  were  shown  (says  the  'D.N.B.') 
to  Mulready  by  Sheepshanks,  and  on 
Mulready's  advice  young  Gilbert  turned  his 
attention  to  wood-drawing.  A  '  Book  of 
Nursery  Rhymes,'  with  his  illustrations  on 
wood,  appeared  soon  after. 

It  is  said  that  he  met  with  a  smart  rebuff 
at  the  outset.  Some  of  his  drawings  on  the 
wood  were  given  to  Sam  Williams  to  engrave. 
Williams  at  that  time  was  a  sort  of  autocrat 
in  the  printing  and  publishing  world  ;  so, 
when  he  returned  the  blocks  with  the  con- 
temptuous remark  that  there  was  "  nothing 
to  cut  !  "  John  Gilbert's  fate  as  a  wood- 
draughtsman  seemed  decided.  But  Thomas 
Gilks,  a  fairly  good  engraver,  though  more 
respected  for  his  technical  knowledge  and 
judgment  than  for  his  own  handiwork, 
offered  to  undertake  the  cuts.  As  a  result 
the  artist's  success  was  assured.  So  grateful 
was  Gilbert  that  in  after  years,  when  his 
word  could  make  or  mar  a  xylographer,  he 
would  always  "  put  in  a  good  word  "  for 
Thomas  Gilks.  Very  probably,  however, 
this  little  anecdote  should  be  taken  with 
the  proverbial  "  grain  of  salt." 

When  Herbert  Ingram  was  starting  TJie 
Illustrated  London  News,  Henry  Vizetelly, 
his  chief  adviser,  at  once  thought  of  John 
Gilbert,  already  pretty  well  known  as  a 
draughtsman  who  could  sketch  quickly  from 
description.  His  work  formed  an  important 
contribution  to  the  new  venture.  In  1846 
began  his  connexion  with  The  London 
Journal  :  a  connexion  which  lasted,  with 
the  exception  of  a  few  months'  interval,  first 
in  1850,  and  again  in  1859,  till  the  spring  of 
1863  ;  when  Gilbert  abruptly — in  the  middle 
of  a  long  serial  story — announced  his  decision 
to  retire  finally  from  the  practice  of  wood- 
cut illustration.  George  Stiff,  in  an  "  edi- 
torial "  published,  if  I  remember  rightly,  in 
1848,  claimed  to  be  the  "  discoverer "  of 
John  Gilbert,  bracketing  him  with  Thomas 
Bolton,  the  engraver,  as  having  owed  his 
success  chiefly  to  The  London  Journal. 
But  in  1846  Gilbert  was  already  so  well 
known  that,  so  far  from  that  paper  being  his 
"  open,  sesame,"  to  fame,  it  was  undoubtedly 
his  genius  and  his  name  which  raised  it 
to  its  unrivalled  position  as  an  illustrated 
story  paper.  When  he  left,  the  proprietors 
were  so  fearful  lest  his  secession  should  cause 
a  serious  falling  -  off  in  the  sale  that  they 
requested  the  new  artists,  at  least  for  a 


522 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [IIS.IV.DEC.SO.IQII. 


while,  to  imitate  the  style  and  general  effect 
of  Gilbert's  drawings. 

That  Gilbert  really  felt  a  sentimental 
loyalty  to  George  Stiff  I  have  always  believed; 
and  I  feel  convinced  that,  but  for  the  final 
change  of  proprietorship,  he  would  have 
stayed  on  with  the  journal  for  a  few  years 
longer.  After  1863  he  very  seldom  returned 
to  wood-drawing  ;  and  even  his  paintings 
appear  to  have  been  undertaken  chiefly  for 
amusement.  Most  of  his  later  pictures  were 
presented  by  himself  to  various  public 
institutions  and  galleries  in  London  and  the 
provinces.  HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 

39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennirigton  Lane. 


WHITTINGTON    AND    HIS    CAT: 
EASTERN  VARIANTS. 

(Concluded  from  p.  505.) 

THE  paucity  of  books  now  at  my  hand 
prevents  me  from  ascertaining  what  manner 
of  morals  was  attributed  to  the  rat  and 
the  cat  by  the  Indians  before  the 'Buddha's 
advent.  All  that  I  know  is  that  the  Code  of 
Manu,  which  is  said  to  have  been  composed 
about  B.C.  900  or  1000  (J.  F.  Clarke,  '  Ten 
Great  Religions,'  Boston  and  New  York, 
1889,  p.  101),  attests  the  then  proverbial 
existence  of  the  fable  of  the  cunning, 
penitent  cat  (Gubernatis,  *  Zoological  Myth- 
ology,' 1872,  vol.  ii.  p.  54),  which  is  often 
reiterated  in  the  Buddhist  scriptures  (e.g., 
'  Mula  -  sarvasti  -  vada  -  vinaya  -  sangha-  bhe- 
daka-vastu,'  Chinese  translation  by  I-tsing, 
torn.  xx.  ;  '  Thah-pau-tsang-king,'  torn,  iii., 
wherein  the  cat  is  made  to  attempt  to  devour 
a  cock  after  enticing  him  to  marry  her). 
Tavernier,  '  Les  Six  Voyages,'  Paris,  1676, 
torn.  i.  p.  442,  states  that  the  Zoroastrians 
abhor  snakes,  vipers,  frogs,  toads,  emmets, 
crawfish,  rats,  mice,  &c.,  but  above  all  they 
loathe  the  cat  as  a  very  devilish  animal, 
so  that  they  never  keep  it  in  their  dwellings, 
choosing  rather  to  suffer  the  rats  and  mice 
to  make  disorder  therein.  And  I  believe 
the  same  tolerance  and  abhorrence  were 
shown  respectively  towards  rats  and 
cats  by  the  ancient  Indians,  whose  creed, 
Brahmanism,  possessed  so  many  points  of 
agreement  with  Zoroastrianism — both  having 
descended  from  the  primitive  Aryan  folk- 
religion.  So  the  modern  Indian  witch  is  said 
to  have  a  cat  familiar  (' Encyc.  Brit.,' 
llth  ed.,  vol.  xxviii.  p.  755);  and  I  remember 
having  read,  in  either  Victor  Jacquemont, 
'  Voyage  dans  1'Inde,'  Paris,  1841,  or  F.  E. 
Younghusband,  '  The  Heart  of  a  Continent,' 
London,  1896,  a  graphic  account  of  how 


differently  the  cat  is  received  by  the  Hindus 
and  the  Indian  Mohammedans. 

Buddhism,  though  fundamentally  opposite- 
to  Brahmanism  in  its  doctrines,  has  never- 
theless adopted  a  legion  of  usages  and 
legends  from  it,  not  excepting  the  com- 
miseration of  rats  and  mice  and  the  ab- 
horrence of  their  deadly  foe.  Further,  the 
Buddha's  teaching  of  universal  love,  which 
involves  the  strong  reproof  of  the  destruction 
of  any  life,  would  seem  to  have  greatly 
enhanced  both  of  these  feelings.  Thus  it  is 
a  Buddhist  belief  that  a  miser  or  a  double- 
tongued  man  would  be  reborn  as  a  cat  ( '  Ta- 
yung  -  pu  -  sah  -  fan  -  pieh-  nieh  -  pau  -  lioh  -  king, ' 
trans.  Chung-kai,  c.  433-41  A.D.),  and  that  the 
cat  is  a  recipient  of  a  false  teacher's  soul 
('  Mula-sarvasti-vada-nikaya-nidana,'  torn, 
xlvi.).  The  Japanese  specifically  exclude 
the  cat  from  a  group  of  animals  which  they 
represent  as  surrounding  and  mourning 
the  dying  Buddha,  saying  it  was  the  only 
creature  that  rejoiced  on  that  catastrophic 
occasion.  Also  they  hold  that  its  approach 
causes  a  human  corpse  to  become  possessed 
and  start  to  dance.  (For  allied  European 
superstitions  see  Tozer,  '  Researches  in  the 
Highlands  of  Turkey,'  1869,  vol.  ii.  p.  85.) 
Probably  these  notions  had  their  origin  in 
India,  whence  the  cat  is  reputed  to  have 
been  introduced  to  Japan  ('Neko  no  Soshi/ 
written  c.  1602,  reprint  Tokyo,  1901,  p.  5). 
According  to  the  Confucianist  '  Books  of 
Rites,'  chap,  xi.,  near  the  end  of  every  year 
the  ancient  Chinese  offered  feasts  to 
tigers  and  cats  in  token  of  thanks  for  their 
freeing  plantations  from  wild  hogs  and 
rats  respectively.  But  later  on  the  cat, 
primsevally  looked  up  to  as  godlike, 
was  degraded  to  a  diabolical  being  under  the 
influence  of  Indian  folk-lore  that  had  been 
brought  in  with  Buddhism.  For  instance, 
in  the  sixth  and  seventh  centuries  general 
persecutions  ravaged  China,  capitally  punish- 
ing several  thousands  of  families  because 
of  their  having  practised  unlawful  arts  by 
means  of  the  worship  of  a  cat's  spirit  ('  Yuen- 
kien-lui-han,'  1703,  torn,  cdxxxvi.  fol.  65). 
Filippo  de  Marini,  in  his  '  Historia  et  Rela- 
tione  del  Tunchino  e  del  Giapone,'  Roma, 
1665,  mentions  a  Tonquinese  usage  on  the- 
final  day  of  the  year,  namely,  to  picture 
above  the  threshold  the  Buddha  with  cats 
in  order  to  repel  the  evil  spirits  that  try 
to  enter  the  house.  Apparently  this  is 
partly  the  survival  of  their  forefathers'  cat 
worship,  and  perhaps  serves  to  strengthen 
Dr.  Nehring's  view  that  the  domesticated 
cat  has  a  dual  parentage,  one  stock  coming 
from  South-Eastern  Asia  and  the  other  from 


n  s.  iv.  DEC,  so,  1911.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


523 


North-Eastern    Africa    (for    which    opinion 
see  '  Encyc.  Brit.,'  llth  ed.,  vol.  v.  p.  488). 

The  two  quotations  given  below  will 
suffice  to  show  how  diametrically  opposite 
to  the  believers  in  the  religions  of  Indian 
or  Persian  production  are  the  Mohammedans 
in  their  treatment  of  cats  : — 

"  'Tis  true,  a  Dog  is  counted  an  obscene  and 
nasty  Creature  by  them  [the  Turks]. . .  .but  they 
nourish  a  cat  as  a  chaster  and  modester  Creature 
in  their  Judgments.  This  custom  they  received 
from  Mahomet ....  who  was  so  much  in  love  with 
a  Cat,  that,  when  one  of  them  fell  asleep  upon 
his  sleeve,  as  he  was  reading  at  a  table,  and  the 
time  of  his  Devotion  drew  near,  he  caused  his 
sleeve  to  be  cut  off,  that  he  might  not  awake  the 
Cat  by  his  going  to  the  Mosque." — A.  G.  Busbe- 
quius, '  Travels  into  Turkey,'  London,  1744,  p.  140. 

' '  On  the  eleventh  day,  as  we  were  walking  over 
the  city  [Damascus],  they  shewed  us  a  house,  very 
large  and  walled  round,  which  was  full  of  cats ; 
and  having  inquired  what  might  be  the  occasion 
of  it,  we  were  told  by  very  grave  serious  men, 
that  the  occasion  of  it  was  as  follows,  viz.,  That 
when  Mahomet  once  lived  there,  he  brought 
with  him  a  cat  in  his  sleeve,  which  he  was  wont 
to  stroke  with  his  own  hand,  and  to  feed  her,  to 
make  much  of  her  ;  and  not  only  so,  but  to  govern 
all  his  actions  by  her  directions.  And  the  fol- 
lowers of  Mahomet  to  this  day,  in  imitation  of 
him,  do  keep  and  worship  cats,  and  hold  it  for 
a  notable  piece  of  alms  and  charity  to  feed  them. 
And  if  anyone  of  those  creatures  should  happen 
to  be  starved  for  want  of  victuals,  they  reckon  he 
who  had  the  charge  of  keeping  her,  deserves 
condemnation  from  God.  For  this  reason  you 
shall  see  a  great  many  of  them  who  beg  meat  and 
ox  livers  and  hearts  in  the  markets  to  feed  the 
cats  with.  But  it  is  probable  this  base  and 
shameful  superstition  proceeded  from  some  other 
cause  :  For  we  know  that  Syria  of  old  was  pos- 
sessed by  the  Egyptians,  amongst  whom  it  was 
customary  to  worship  several  sorts  of  animals 
[including  the  cat]." — '  The  Travels  of  Martin 
Baumgarteii '  in  Churchill,  '  Voyages  and  Travels,' 
1732,  vol.  i.  p.  428. 

Quite  contrariwise  to  the  cat,  the  rat 
often  figures  in  Buddhism  as  a  beneficent 
animal.  When  the  Buddha  Sakyamuni 
was  publicly  accused  of  lewdness  by  a  wicked 
woman,  Indra  is  said  to  have  turned  himself 
into  a  white  rat  and  exposed  her  falsehood 
(Hiuen-tsang,  '  Si-yih-ki,'  A.D.  646,  torn.  vi.). 
The  rat  is  made  the  first  of  the  twelve  gods 
who  attend  the  Buddha,  Bhaichadjyaguru. 
Mahakala,  the  Buddhist  god  guarding  the 
kitchen,  has  been  popularly  made  by  the 
Japanese  one  of  the  seven  gods  of  wealth 
and  a  particular  favourer  of  rats.  The 
Chinese  Buddhists  appear  to  have  given  this 
attribute  to  another  god  of  wealth  as  well 
as  of  warfare,  Vais'rammana,  for  it  is 
recorded  that  once  in  the  eighth  century, 
when  a  city  was  besieged  by  the  Western 
barbarians,  he,  in  response  to  the  prayers  of 
the  famous  prelate  Amogha,  sent  into 


their  camp  rats  with  golden  hair,  which 
caused  their  rout  by  biting  off  all  the  strings 
of  their  bows  and  arbalests  (Tsan-ning  and 
others,  '  Sung-hau-sang-chuen,'  A.D.  988, 
torn.  i.).  The  above-cited  itinerary  of 
Hiuen-tsang,  who  flourished  a  century 
earlier  than  Amogha,  contains  a  similar 
story  running  thus  : — 

"  The  king  of  Kustana  is  said  to  have  issued 
from  the  god  Vais'rammana ....  On  the  main 
road  in  a  desert,  about  150  or  160  Us  from  its 
capital,  there  stands  a  hillock  consisting  of 
rats'  burrows.  It  is  the  native  tradition  that 
this  is  inhabited  by  a  chief  of  the  rats,  as  large  as. 
a  hedgehog  and  with  golden  and  silvery  hair, 
which,  on  every  egress,  is  followed  by  all  its. 
subjects.  Once  upon  a  time  a  Hiung-nu  army 
several  hundred  thousands  strong  invaded  this 
country  and  encamped  near  the  hillock.  The 
king  of  Kustana,  whose  forces  were  quite  inade- 
quate for  the  occasion,  burnt  incense  and  implored 
the  chief  rat  for  assistance.  The  same  night  he 
dreamt  of  a  huge  rat  that  advised  him  to  begin 
an  engagement  early  the  next  morning,  and  pro- 
mised to  aid  him.  Before  dawn  therefore  he  made 
such  an  impetuous  onset  upon  the  enemy  as  to 
put  them  all  to  complete  consternation,  when 
the  latter,  to  their  utmost  woe,  found  all  their 
bowstrings,  saddle-girths,  coats,  and  belts  un- 
sparingly damaged  by  rats.  They  surrendered 
all  at  once  and  were  made  prisoners  ;  their  leaders 
were  killed.  To  repay  this  great  benefit,  the 
king  erected  a  shrine  consecrated  to  the  rats,, 
which  the  whole  nation  worships  with  permanent 
devotion." — '  Si-yih-ki,'  torn.  xii. 

These  stories  of  the  golden-haired  rats,, 
though  fictitious  in  the  main,  intimate  that 
the  mediaeval  peoples  of  Eastern  Turkestan 
were  familiar  with  a  certain  chryso- 
chlorous  mammal  of  small  size  ;  other - 
instances  I  am  acquainted  with  are  a 
Japanese  species  of  Urotrichus,  the  European 
desmans,  the  golden  moles  and  Potamogale 
velox  of  Africa,  and  the  neotropical  two-toed 
ant-eater.  M.  A.  Stein's  discovery  in  that 
region  of  an  image  of  a  rat-god  attests  the 
former  prevalence  thereabout  of  the  cult 
of  the  rat.  See  his  '  The  Sand-buried  Cities . 
of  Khotan,'  London,  1903.  For  the  Euro- 
pean "  Roi  de  Rats,"  an  abnormal  produc- 
tion, see  E.  Oustalet's  article  in  La  Nature, 
9  June,  1900,  pp.  19-20,  with  an  illustration. 

Now  that  I  have  given  the  old  Indian 
legend  of  the  Rat  -  Money  -  Broker,  and 
have  also  exposed  the  different  feelings 
with  which  the  cat  and  the  rat  were  re- 
spectively regarded  by  the  Buddhists  and 
the  Mohammedans,  I  am  led  to  opine  in 
conclusion  that  the  original  Buddhist 
tradition  of  the  Rat  -  Money  -  Broker  was 
obviously  metamorphosed  into  the  current 
European  tale  of  Whittington,  principally 
after  the  Mohammedans  had  handled  it.. 


524 


NOTES  AND   QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv. -DEC.  so,  iwi. 


Their  particular  fondness  for  the  cat,  the 
animal  much  hated  by  the  Buddhists,  caused 
them  to  substitute  it  for  the  rat,  whereas 
several  other  features  remain  the  same  in 
both  of  these  stories — such  as  the  hero's 
early  poverty  and  sadness,  his  acquisition  of 
matchless  wealth  through  the  sale  of  an 
animal  and  through  navigation,  his  sub- 
sequent marriage  with  a  damsel  whose 
father  had  before  been  unkind  to  him,  &c. 

Finally,  I  deem,  it  useful  to  those  who 
take  interest  in  folk-lore  to  note  here  that 
:the  afore-cited  Buddhist  account  of  the 
constant  augmentation  of  the  Rat-Money- 
Broker's  wealth  that  accompanied  every 
change  of  his  business  was  probably  the 
archetype  of  a  well-known  Japanese  romance, 
which  is  briefly  as  follows  : — • 

"  A  poor  solitary  man  visits  Avalokites'vara's 
temple  at  Hase  and  prays  to  him  for  riches  unceas- 
ingly for  three  weeks.  On  the  final  night  he 
dreams  of  the  deity,  who  commands  him  to  leave 
the  temple  at  once  and  to  catch  and  keep  what- 
.ever  may  happen  to  come  near  him.  He  awakes 
.and  leaves  the  temple,  when,  just  beyond  the 
main  gate,  he  falls  down  because  of  a  false  step. 
Upon  rising  he  finds  his  hand  unwittingly  clasping 
a  wisp  of  straw,  which  he  keeps,  and  goes  on. 
Now  a  breeze-fly  came  buzzing  and  persisted  in 
flying  around  him  ;  he  caught  it,  tied  it  \\ith  the 
straw,  and  proceeded  therewith.  Then  he  met  a 
nobleman's  son,  who  took  such  a  fancy  to  the 
insect  that  he  gave  the  man  three  oranges  for  it. 
Advancing  further,  he  saw  a  lady  unable  to 
walk  because  of  excessive  thirst,  her  servants 
seeking  water  in  vain  ;  he  presented  to  her  all 
his  oranges,  which  sufficed  to  quench  her  thirst  ; 
grateful  for  his  bounty,  she  gave  him  three  rolls 
of  superb  cloths.  Next  morning  on  his  way  he 
met  a  cavalier,  whose  fine  stallion  had  suddenly 
expired  ;  for  its  skin's  sake  he  exchanged  one  of 
his  cloths  for  it.  But  no  sooner  had  the  cavalier 
gone  than  the  horse  returned  to  life  ;  he  rode  on 
it  and  reached  the  capital  (Kydto).  Next  morn- 
ing he  happened  to  meet  a  "man  just  wanting 
an  excellent  steed  to  accomplish  a  very  long 
journey,  who  gave  him  for  it  all  his  paddy-fields 
as  well  as  his  mansion.  Thence  the  poor  solitary 
man  became  very  opulent,  and  afterwards  the 
head  of  a  large  prosperous  family."  —  '  Udji 
Shiii,'  written  by  Minamoto  no  Takakuni  (A.D. 
1004-77),  chap.  xciv. 

KUMAGUSU    MlNAKATA. 

Tanabe.  Kii,  Japan. 


EPITAPHIANA. 

EPITAPH  TO  A  MUSICIAN. — In  the  church- 
yard of  Minstead,  near  Lyndhurst,  I  recently 
noted  an  interesting  epitaph,  which  is  set  out 
below.  At  the  head  of  the  gravestone  is  a 
very  good  delineation  of  the  serpent,  the 
obsolete  bass  of  the  cornet  tribe.  The 
mouthpiece  and  the  stops  are  still  well 
marked,  though  somewhat  worn  by  the 


passage  of  time.  The  serpent  is  now  only 
seen  in  museums  or  in  an  occasional  sale  ; 
it  was  pushed  out  of  use  by  the  ophicleide 
and  by  the  contrafagotto. 

To  the  Memory  of  |  Thomas  Maynard  who 
departed  |  this  life  July  9th  1807  aged  27  years  | 
The  Band  of  Musicians  of  the  |  South  Hants 

Yeomanry  |  (of  which  he  was  a  member)  |  in 

memory  of  their  esteem  |  caused  this  stone  to  be 
erected. 

In  love  he  lived  in  peace  he  died 

His  life  was with  GOD  denyd. 

Mary,  daughter  of  above 
Thomas  and  Lydia  his  wife. 

W.    H.    QlIARRELL. 

CHARTIST  MEMORIAL  AT  ANCOATS.  — 
Some  time  ago  I  copied  the  subjoined 
inscription  (to  the  memory  of  five  Chartists) 
on  a  stone  which  was  placed  upright 
against  the  wall  in  the  old  Round  Chapel 
yard,  Every  Street,  Ancoats,  Manchester. 
The  Open  Spaces  Committee  secured  the 
yard  for  a  garden  and  gymnasium,  and  the 
chapel  is  now  occupied  as  a  Salvation  Army 
barracks  : — 

Names 

of  the 

Monument  Committee 

Interred  beneath. 
Peter   Rothwell,    died   6th   Septr., 

1847,  aged  78  years. 
George  Hadfield,  died  12th  Jany., 

1848,  aged  59  years. 
George  Exley,  died  21th  Jany., 

1848,  aged  79  years. 
Henry  Parry  Bennett,  died  19 

Novr.,  1851,  aged  65  years. 

James  Wheeler,  died  13th  Septr., 

1854,  aged  63  years. 

The  yard  has  several  interesting  historical 
associations.  A  long  cutting  on  the  burial 
of  cholera  subjects  in  this  chapel  yard  (Rev. 
J.  Scho field's  cemetery)  will  be  found  in 
'Collection  of  Book  Cuttings,'  xii.  56,  pre- 
sented to  the  Library  at  Peel  Park,  Salford, 
t>y  the  daughter  of  the  late  Joseph  Brother- 
ton,  M.P. 

FREDERICK  LAWRENCE  TAVARE. 

Manchester. 

BROMLEY,  KENT. — The  following  epitaphs 
the   old    parish     churchyard,     Bromley, 
Kent,  should  be  of  sufficient  interest  to  find 
a  place  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  : — 

Sacred 
to  the  memory  of 

William  Ledger 
late  of  this  parish 
who  died  24th  January  1823. 
Aged  78  years 

Hee  who  now  lies  lone  beneath  this  sod 
Was  ever  mindful  of  his  God 
For  years  he  was  prepared  to  cue 
And  leave  this  World  of  misery 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  so,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QU  ERIES. 


525 


Though  robbed  on  earth  by  pretended  friends 

Injustice  done  him,  for  their  selfish  ends 

He  's  now  beyond  their  power  and  sphere 

As  thieves  and  robbers  cannot  enter  there 

But  let  these  wicked  beings  know 

The  time  will  come  for  them  to  go 

To  give  account  of  crimes  both  great  and  small, 

Before  the  Lord,  the  righteous  Judge  of  all 

And  there  receive  their  final  doom 

From  whence  they  never  more  can  come. 

Sacred 

to  the  memory 

of  Mrs  Elizabeth  Bigsby 

wife  of  Mr  Geoe  Bigsby 

who  died  May  10th  1829. 

Aged  22  years. 

Can  I  exemption  plead  when  death 

Projects  his  awful  dart 

Can  medicine  prolong  my  breath 

Or  virtue  shield  my  heart. 

Ah,  no  !  then  smooth  the  mortal  hour 

My  hope  on  Thee  depends 

Protect  me  by  Thy  Mighty  Power 

While  dust  to  rest  descends. 

F.  M.  R.  HOLWORTHY,  F.S.G. 

BELPEB  CHURCHYARD.— On  an  infant : — 

This  lovely  bud,  so  young  and  fair, 

Called  hence  by  early  doom, 
Just  come  to  show  how  sweet  a  flower 

In  Paradise  would  bloom. 

For  a  girl  aged  17  : — 

Weep  not  for  me,  my  parents  dear, 

Nor  fret  for  me  in  vain. 
Think  of  the  joys  that  we  shall  have 

When  we  shall  meet  again. 

M.  L.  B.  BRESLAR. 
South  Hackney. 

CHINGFORD  MOUNT  CEMETERY. — The  fol- 
lowing lines  refer  to  an  infant  six  months 
old:— 
Take,  holy  earth,  that  which  my  soul  held  dear  ; 

Take  the  sweet  gift  which  Heaven  so  lately  gave ; 
Take  the  sweet  infant  whom  the  fondest  care 

Could  not  preserve  from  this  its  mournful  grave. 

M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

WARWICK  CHURCHYARD,  CUMBERLAND. — 

In  memory  of 

James  Robinson  of  Aglionby 

who  died  July  10  1823 

aged  49  years. 

Farewell  to  all,  I  must  not  stay 
My  Saviour  calls,  I  must  away 
Yet  do  not  say  that  I  am  dead 
I  am  but  undress'd  and  gone  to  bed. 
I  sleep  in  the  dead  watch  of  the  night 
I  waken  at  the  dawn  of  the  light 
When  my  Saviour  calls  I  hope  to  rise 
Unto  that  life  which  never  dies. 

The  epitaph  is  said  to  have  been  composed 
by  Robinson  himself.  M.A.OxoN. 


NAPOLEON  AND  DAVID  II.  OF  SCOTLAND  : 
HISTORICAL  PARALLEL.  —  Those  who  are 
interested  in  parallel  or  coincident  passages 
may  care  to  note  the  following  :— 

A.D.  1815.  De  Baudus,  aide-de-camp  to 
Marechal  Soult  at  Waterloo,  made  notes  of 
Napoleon's  conversation  with  Soult,  Drouot, 
and  other  generals  at  Le  Caillou  on  the 
morning  of  18  June.  Soult  urged  that 
Grouchy  should  be  recalled  before  the  attack 
on  Wellington's  position  was  delivered. 
Napoleon  replied  rudely: — 

"  Parceque  vous  avez  e"te"  battu  par  Wellingtonr 
vous  le  regardez  comme  un  grand  g£n£ral.  Etr 
moi,  je  vous  dis  que  Wellington  est  un  mauvaia 
general,  que  les  Anglais  sont  de  mauvaises  troupes  T 
et  que  ce  sera  V affaire  d'un  dejeuner  !  " 

A.D.  1346.  The  chronicler  of  Lanercost, 
a  contemporary  authority,  describing  King 
David  II. 's  dispositions  before  the  battle 
of  Neville's  Cross,  where  he  was  totally 
defeated  and  taken  prisoner,  has  the  follow- 
ing : — 

"  Illo  enim  die  David,  ut  alter  Nabugadnasor, 
pluries  proprias  fimbrias  pompose  magnificavit, 
et  sine  aliquo  obstaculo  rite  regem  Scottorum  se 
ssepius  affirmavit;  [gentaculum]  suumparariprae- 
cepit,  et ,  cum  occiderit  Anglos  in  ore  gladii,  ad 
dictum  gentaculum  dixit  se  redire.  Sed  omnes  ejus 
famuli  cito  postea,  ita  cito  postea,  festinabant, 
quod  pulmentum  permiserunt  in  ignem  exire." 

That  is  : — 

"  On  that  day  David,  like  a  second  Nebuchad- 
nezzar, ostentatiously  made  the  fringes  of  his 
standard  many  times  larger,  and  repeatedly 
declared  himself  to  be  rightful  King  of  Scots 
without  any  hindrance.  He  ordered  his  breakfast 
to  be  made  ready,  and  said  that  he  would  return 
to  it  after  putting  the  English  to  the  sword.  But 
soon  afterwards,  yea  very  soon  after,  all  his 
servants  had  to  hurry  off,  allowing  the  food  to  fall 
into  the  fire." 

HERBERT  MAXWELL. 

"  HOMESTEAD."— The  earliest  example  of 
the  use  of  "  homestead  "  in  its  usual  modern 
sense  occurs  in  Dryden.  The  quotation 
appears  in  Johnson's  '  Dictionary,'  where 
the  only  reference  given  is  to  "  Dryden  "  ; 
which  is  far  too  vague.  The  same  quotation 
is  given  in  *  N.E.D.,'  but  still  without  any 
more  particular  reference,  as  no  one  could 
find  it.  For  some  thirty  years  I  have  been 
on  the  look  out  for  it,  and  have  frequently 
consulted  Dryden  to  discover  it.  And  now 
I  have  it  at  last  !  It  occurs  at  1.  62  of  his 
translation  of  the  twenty-ninth  ode  of  the 
first  book  of  Horace,  under  the  more  general 
title  of  'Translations  from  Horace.'  The 
reference  can  now  be  given  in  the  Supple- 
ment to  'N.E.D.' 

WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 


526 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  so,  1911. 


"  COCKROD  "  :      "  COCKSHOOT." — In     the 

*  N.E.D.'  the  word  cock-road,  -rood,  obs.,  is 
stated   to   be   synonymous   with   cockshoot. 
The  earliest  instances  quoted  are  of  1648  : 
"  Thou  hast  thy  cockrood,  and  thy  glade  To 
take  the  precious  phesant  made,"  and  "The 
net  caught  many  a  woodcock,  untill  the  said 
Aldermen   and   Sir    John    Maynard     broke 
through  it,  and  spoyled  the  cockroad."  From 

*  Chambers' s    Cyclopaedia  '    the  explanation 
is  quoted  that  straight   "  roads  "  were  cut, 
about    40  ft.     broad,     through     woods     or 
thickets,  and  nets  tied  to  two  opposite  trees 
for    the    taking    of    woodcocks ;      and    the 
definitions  given  by  Kersey  and   by   Bailey, 
identifying    the    cockroads    with    the    nets 
themselves,  instead  of  with  the  clearings,  are 
cited  as  "  erroneous." 

Having  come  upon  a  much  earlier  in- 
stance of  the  word  cockrod  than  the  above, 
in  Ministers'  Accounts,  Hen.  VIII.,  No.  6934, 
at  the  Record  Office,  I  think  the  extracts 
containing  it  may  be  of  interest,  the  more 
so  as  the  context  would  seem  to  demand 
an  alteration  or  expansion  of  the  inter- 
pretations offered  by  the  '  JST.E.D.,'  since 
it  would  seem  to  suggest  that  the  cockrod 
was  a  certain  fixed  measure  or  quantity  of 
land,  and  if  so,  that  the  second  element  in 
the  word  was  really  a  rod = pole  or  perch, 
rather  than  road  or  way.  Here,  then,  are 
the  extracts  : — 

"  7-8  Hen.  VIII.  [1515]  Hundredum  de 
Southaunton  [rectius  South  TaAvton]  :  [Burgus  de] 
Sele  : — Comp'tus  Ric'i  Frende,  P'pos'  ib'm  : — 

"Exit  Man'ii : — Et  de  iiijd  de  firma  ij 

Cokrod'  terr',  ib'm,  sic'  dimiss'  Joh'i  Gydeley 
hoc  anno,  tamen  nup'  ad  ix1'  p.  ann.,  ut  pz  in 
comp'us  p'ceden'. 

Ibid.,  "  8-9  Hen.  VIII.  [1516] et  de  iiijd  de 

firma  ij  Cokrod'  terr',  ib'm,  sicut  dimiss'  Joh'ni 
Gydeley  hoc  anno." 

The  notion  that  cockrod  may  have  meant 
a  certain  quantity  of  land  engenders  the 
suspicion  that  a  similar  meaning  might  have 
originally  attached  to  the  term  cockshoot, 
and  that  the  last  syllable  might  have 
signified,  as  in  accord  with  its  older  spelling, 
a  shot,  or  apportionment  of  land — perhaps 
a  traot  in  which  woodcock  and  other 
winged  game  (which,  from  very  early  times, 
were  ranked  with  "beasts  of  chase") 
abounded  or  were  preserved. 

But  the  'N.E.D.'  defines  cockshoot,  obs., 
as  a  broad  way  or  glade  in  a  wood,  through 
which  woodcocks,  &c.,  might  dart  or  shoot, 
so  as  to  be  caught  by  nets  stretched 
across  the  opening;  and  this  is  supported 
by  a  quotation  of  1587,  in  which  a  holed 
stone,  through  which  evil  spirits  were  sup- 
posed to  be  driven,  is  compared  to  a 


cockeshot.  After  Palsgrave's  definition,  1530, 
"  Cockesshote  to  take  wodcockes  with, 
uolee,"  the  next  later  instances  of  the  word 
cited  are  of  1601  and  1651 ;  but  in  the  com- 
bination "  cockeshotecorde  "  it  is  shown  to 
occur  as  early  as  1496. 

The  topographical  instances  mentioned 
in  the  '  N.E.D.'  may  be  supplemented  by 
the  following  : — 

"  John  Oade,  Gent.,  holdeth  on  messuage  or 
tenement  called  Woodhatch ....  lying  at  the  foot 
of  Cockshot  Hill."— MS.  Survey  of  the  Manor  of 
Reigate,  at  the  Priory  Estate  Office,  21  Jas.  I. 
(1623). 

"  There  are  no  streams  passing  through  the 
Hundred  [of  Swanborough]  except  a  rivulet  called 
the  Cockshoot  or  Cockshut,  which,  rising  in  the 
parish  of  Kingston,  washes  the  walls  of  the  ruined 
monastery  of  Lewes,  and  debouches  into  the  Ouse, 
to  S.  of  that  town." — Sussex  Archceological  Soc. 
Coll.,  vol.  xxix.  p.  127. 

ETHEL  LEGA-WEEKES. 

[PROF.  SKEAT  had  a  long  note  on  the  subject  at 
10  S.  i.  121,  followed  by  replies  on  pp.  195,  232  of 
the  same  volume.] 

SMOOTH  OB  PRICKLY  HOLLY. — "  Which 
is  best  to  like  ?  "  was  once  a  yearly  question 
in  an  old  village  I  well  know.  The  old 
vicar  and  his  wife — the  latter  taking  special 
interest  in  the  church  decoration — admitted 
both,  but  kept  the  smooth  from  the  altar 
portion  of  the  church,  and  used  both  for 
other  parts.  The  villagers  used  both,  but 
when  a  lot  was  brought  to  the  house,  the 
wife  took  good  care  that  the  first  portion 
which  came  in  should  be  non-prickly,  for 
it  would  ensure  that  she  would  be  master 
in  it  all  the  coming  year.  If  only  prickly 
holly  came  in  the  home,  the  "  mester  "  would 
remain  master.  It  was  best  to  have  some 
of  both  kinds.  THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

Worksop. 

COURT  LEET  :  MANOR  COURT.  (See  10  S. 
vii.  327,  377;  viii.  16,  93,  334,  413.)— 
The  winter  meeting  of  the  Hampstead  Manor 
Court  was  held  on  12  December  at  "  Jack 
Straw's  Castle,"  followed  by  the  customary 
lunch  at  this  famous  hostelry.  From  a  very 
interesting  account  given  in  The  Hampstead 
and  Highgate  Express,  we  learn  that  the 
usual  quaint  formalities  were  duly  observed. 
The  foreman  of  the  "  jury  "  stated  that  the 
first  bonfire  on  the  Heath  was  an  annual 
event  certainly  prior  to  1850,  when  an  effort 
to  stop  it  was  made  by  the  Lord  of  the 
Manor — apparently  without  success.  A 
bonfire  was  also  lighted  on  The  Battery 
when  King  William  IV.  visited  the  Earl  of 
Mansfield  at  Ken  Wood.  Reference  was 
made  to  the  old  parish  stocks  which  formerly 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  so,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


527 


stood  at  the  bottom  of  Flask  Walk,  in  which 
connexion  it  may  be  mentioned  that  the 
picturesque  archway  at  the  entrance  to 
the  Walk  from  High  Street  has  recently 
been  removed.  When  the  "  jury "  had 
finished  their  duties  they  had  "  license  to 
depart,  keeping  their  day  and  hour  on  a 
new  summons."  Copyholders  on  the  Heath 
appear  still  legally  to  retain  "  the  right  of 
pasturage,  the  right  to  take  a  load  of  sand 
if  for  the  copyholder's  own  use,  and  the 
right  of  wooding."  It  is  refreshing  to  know 
that  these  ancient  functions  are  still  per- 
petuated. CECIL  CLARKE. 
Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


'  MILIEUX  D'ABT.' — A  privately  printed 
book  bearing  this  title  was  noticed  in  The 
Saturday  Review,  19  May,  1906,  from  which 
I  gather  that  it  contains  some  interesting 
criticisms  of  George  Meredith's  works.  I 
am  anxious  to  obtain  a  description  of  the 
book  for  a  list  of  Meredithiana  I  am  compiling 
and  to  ascertain  the  author's  name.  A  letter 
addressed  to  the  printer,  Donald  Fraser, 
37,  Hanover  Street,  Liverpool,  has  elicited 
no  reply.  MAURICE  BUXTON  FORMAN. 
Cape  town. 

SOMERSET  CARPENTER  ARMS. — Does  any 
one  know  the  origin  of  the  Somerset  Car- 
penter arms  and  crest  ?  Vert,  an  escallop 
shell  arg.  between  two  pallets  or.  Crest, 
a  snail  ppr.  with  shell  on  top  arg.(?),  granted 
in  1663.  Henry  Carpenter,  Secretary  Gene- 
ral of  Leeward  Islands,  1701  et  seq.,  used 
these  arms  in  1685.  To  whom  were  they 
first  granted  ?  J.  H.  C. 

Utah. 

PHILLIPPS  FAMILY. — I  am  desirous  of 
tracing  the  ancestry  of  the  old  family  of 
Phillipps.  Clara  Philipps  was  my  mother's 
mother,  born  on  8  March,  1826  (where  ?)  ; 
she  married  at  London  on  4  Jan.,  1849,  the 
Freiherr  Adalbert  v.  Nordeck  zur  Rabenau, 
who  lived  at  Friedelhausen,  near  Giessen 
(Hessen),  Germany.  She  died  at  Friedel- 
hausen on  20  Feb.,  1867.  Can  any  infor- 
mation be  given  as  to  the  family  Phillipps, 
or  any  surviving  members  of  this  family  ? 

A.  COUNT  SCHWERIN-SCHWERINSBURG. 

Schwerinsburg,  Lowitz,  Pommern,  Germany. 


LAIRDS  OF  DRUMMINNOR. — I  copied  the 
following  list  a  few  years  ago  from  some 
work,  of  which  I  have  forgotten  the  title  : — 

"John  De  Forbes;  Fergus  De  Forbes;  Duncan 
De  Forbes,  1262 ;  Alexander  De  Forbes,  sovernour 
of  Urquhart  Castle,  killed  1304  ;  Sir  Alexander  De 
Forbes,  killed  at  Dupplin,  1332;  Sir  John  De 
Forbes,  1373;  Sir  Alexander  De  Forbes,  died 
1405,  married  Elizabeth  Kennedy  of  Dunure;  Sir 
Alexander  De  Forbes  (1st  Lord  Forbes)." 
Burke' s  '  Peerage '  gives  Sir  John  Forbes, 
died  1406,  as  the  father  of  the  1st  Lord 
Forbes.  Will  some  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  state 
if  the  above  list  is  correct,  and  the  relation- 
ship of  the  lairds  to  the  1st  Lord  Forbes  ? 
I  have  read  that  Sir  John  Forbes,  father  of 
the  1st  Lord  Forbes,  was  the  4th  son  of  the 
5th  laird  of  Drumminnor.  J.  F.  J. 

Minneapolis. 

CAVENDISH  SQUARE  :  EQUESTRIAN  STATUE. 
— Some  five  years  ago  I  first  noticed  that 
the  equestrian  statue  of  the  Duke  of  Cum- 
berland had  been  removed  from  its  pedestal 
in  the  centre  of  Cavendish  Square.  Since 
that  time  I  have  over  and  over  again  asked 
for  information  about  it,  and  have  got  no 
result.  The  curious  thing  is  that  I  have 
not  found  any  one  who  remembered  the 
statue,  even  amongst  those  who  have  been 
thirty  and  forty  years  in  the  immediate 
neighbourhood.  I  feel  sure  it  was  on  the 
pedestal  twenty  years  ago.  When  and 
why  was  it  removed  ? 

HERBERT  SIEVEKING. 

« DIVES  AND  PAUPER'  :  OUR  LADY'S  FAST. 
(See  ante,  p.  323.)  —  In  'Parish  Churches 
before  the  Reformation:  a  Contribution  to 
the  Leicestershire  Architectural  and  Archaeo- 
logical Society,'  by  M.  E.  C.  Walcott, 
B.D.,  F.S.A.  (1879),  I  find  the  following 
passage  : — 

"  *  Superfluous  fasts  are  those  called  the  Lady 
Fast,  S.  Trinyon's  (Ninian's)  Fast,  the  Black 
Fast  (abstinence  from  lacticinia),  S.  Margaret's 
Fast  (Queen  of  Scotland),  S.  Brandon's  Fast, 
S.  Patrick's  Fast,  Four  holy  Fridays  (Ember 
weeks),  S.  Anthony's  Fast,  between  S.  Marys 
days  (Dec.  8,  Feb.  2),  and  Lady  Fast  (once  a  week), 
seven  years  the  same  day  that  her  day  failed  on 
in  March,  or  one  year  with  bread  and  water. 
['Barnes'  Visit.,'  1577,  p.  17.  'Tyndale,'  i.,  98.]  " 
I  reproduce  it  as  printed.  The  quotations 
(for  I  presume  there  are  two)  are  evidently 
garbled,  and  I  have  searched  in  vain  for  the 
works  from  which  they  are  taken.  I  should 
be  greatly  obliged  to  any  one  who  would 
be  so  good  as  to  inform  me  in  which  of 
Tindale's  works  there  is  a  reference  to 
"  Lady  Fast,"  and  what  book  is  intended  by 
'  Barnes'  Visit.,  1577.' 

H.  G.  RICHARDSON. 


528 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       tn  s.  iv.  DEO.  so,  1911. 


THOMAS  Go  WEB  TEMP.  HENRY  V. — In 
Burke's  *  Peerage  and  Baronetage,'  under 
*  Sutherland,'  it  is  stated  that  Sir  Thomas 
Gower  of  Sittenham,  co.  York  (an  ancestor 
of  the  Dukes  of  Sutherland),  had  a  son  Sir 
Thomas  Gower,  who  served  in  the  wars  of 
France  under  Henry  V.  and  married  Joan, 
a  lady  who  was  born  at  Alen£on  in  France. 

In      the     Collection      Clairambault     (R. 
clxiv.  p.  4881)  at  the  Bibliotheque  Rationale, 
Paris,  I  have  found  the  following  entry  : — 
Gower  (Thomas). 

iScuyer  naguere  lieutenant  du  due  de  Bedford 
a  Alencon.  Sceau  rond,  de  38  mill,  lilcu 
ecartele  ;  au  1  et  4,  une  fasce  d'hermines  accom- 
pagnee  de  six  croisettes  recroisetees  au  pied 
fiche,  trois  en  chief  et  trois  en  pointe ;  au  2  et  3, 
un  chevron  accompagn6  de  3  feuilles  ;  penche, 
timbre"  a  d'un  heaume  cime  d'une  hure,  support^ 
par  2  lions  a  tete  humaine  et  a  longues  oreilles. 
Dans  le  champ  des  noauds  de  cordeliere.  En 
haut  la  devise,  Fences  y  devant. 
Thomas  Gower. 

Gages  de  la  Garnison  de  Cherbourg  13  Juillet, 

In  another  entry  he  is  referred  to  as  "  Lieu- 
tenant du  comte  de  Sommerset  a  Cherbourg." 

In  Burke's  *  General  Armory  '  the  arms 
on  the  first  and  fourth  divisions  of  the 
shield  referred  to  above  are  stated  to  be 
those  of  Gower  of  Worcestershire,  '  Glover's 
Ordinary  '  being  given  as  the  authority. 

Unfortunately,  I  have  no  copy  of  the  last- 
mentioned  work,  and  I  shall  be  very  glad 
if  any  correspondent  can  give  me  particulars 
of  any  members  of  the  Worcester.shire  family 
who  used  the  arms,  and  can  explain  why  a 
member  of  the  Yorkshire  family  (whose 
arms  were  quite  different)  used  them. 

To  what  family  do  the  arms  on  the  second 
and  fourth  divisions  of  the  shield  belong  ? 
R.  VAUGHAN  GOWER. 

Ferndale  Lodge,  Tunbridge  Wells. 

DARK  SATURDAY,  25  FEB.,  1597.  (See 
ante,  p.  454.) — Will  some  one  kindly  give 
any  astronomical  fact  which  would  explain 
the  cause  of  the  name  ? 

J.  P.  STILWELL. 

OXFORD    DEGREES    AND    ORDINATION. 

I  find  no  mention  in  the  catalogue  of  Oxford 
graduates  of  the  names  of  John  Romley  and 
John  Whitelamb  (or  White  Lamb),  curates 
of  Samuel  Wesley  at  Epworth.  I  always 
understood  that  they  were  at  Lincoln 
College,  the  latter  being  a  pupil  of  John 
Wesley  there.  Was  it  usual  in  the  eigh- 
teenth century  for  men  to  be  ordained  after 
a  year  or  two  at  the  University  ?  Sir  A. 
Conan  Doyle  in  his  novel  '  Dorothy  Forster ' 
describes  Robert  Patten,  author  of  the 


'  History  of  the  Rising  of  1715,'  as  M.A. ; 
but  he  was  certainly  not  a  graduate,  nor, 
if  my  memory  serves  me,  does  he  appear 
in  Foster's  'Alumni  Oxonienses  '  as  having 
even  matriculated.  E.  L.  H.  TEW. 

BEATJPRE  BELL  died  on  the  road  to  Bath 
in  August,  1745  (see  '  Diet.  Nat.  Biog.,' 
iv.  153).  I  should  be  glad  to  know  the  exact 
date  of  his  death  and  the  place  of  his  burial. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

HENRY  CARD. — The  '  Diet.  Nat.  Biog.,' 
ix.  36,  gives  no  parentage,  but  he  is  described 
in  '  Alum.  Oxon.'  as  the  son  of  John  Card 
of  Egham,  Berks,  gent.  I  should  be  glad  to 
ascertain  his  mother's  name,  and  to  obtain 
further  particulars  of  his  father. 

G.  F.  R,  B. 

GEORGE  GRIFFITH,  BISHOP  OF  ST.  ASAPH. 
When  and  whom  did  he  marry  ?  The 
'  Diet.  Nat.  Biog.,'  xxiii.  231-3,  states  that 
he  left  six  children,  but  says  nothing  about 
their  mother.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

JOHN  HINDLE. — When  did  he  die  in 
1796,  and  where  was  he  buried  ?  When 
did  he  graduate  Mus.  Bac.  ?  He  is  not 
credited  with  the  degree  in  '  Alumni  Oxoni- 
enses,' but  the  'Diet.  Nat.  Biog.,'  xxvi.  443, 
states  that,  according  to  the  title-pages  of 
his  works,  he  did  so  graduate. 

G.  F,  R.  B. 

ANCIENT  TERMS. — In  a  list  of  articles 
belonging  to  a  knight  temp.  Edw.  II.,  I 
find  terms  which  I  cannot  trace  in  any 
dictionary  to  which  I  have  access.  I  have 
italicized  the  words  in  the  following  list. 
Will  some  one  be  so  kind  as  to  interpret  ? 

Satun  chevantel  (also  chevarntel). 

Freyns  doryes  vends. 

1  peire  de  covertures  de  feer. 

ij  heaulmes  dont  lun  est  susoires  (also  susorres). 

Piesces  de  reyes  de  fil  por  trappes. 

1  peire  de  skinebans  (also  slcynebalds) . 

1  peire  des  bolges  noires  (also  boulges  and 
boulgys). 

1  banger  de  reie. 

1  sele  por  somer  (pro  soutar'). 

Un  macewel  penduz  de  une  cheyne  de  feer. 

xxix  de  ivastours  e  iij  vires  (for  cross-bows 
apparently). 

C.    SWYNNERTON. 

ARNO'S  GROVE. — Was  this  estate  (see 
ante,  p.  376)  named  after  an  Arnold  (a  one- 
time owner,  perhaps),  as  suggested  by  MR. 
SNELL  ?  It  was  certainly  styled  Arnold's 
Grove  in  1806  (Hughson's  '  London,' 
vol.  vi.  p.  398)  ;  but  in  Brewer's  '  Survey  of 
London  and  Middlesex  '  (1816)  it  is  called 
Arno's  Grove,  the  present  title.  So  far 
as  I  can  trace,  it  was  Sir  John  Weld  who 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  so,  MI.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


529 


built,  circa  1615,  the    mansion    that,    after 
belonging  to  some  intervening  owners,  was 
replaced  in  1720,  by  Sir  George  Colebrooke 
Bart.,  by  the  present-day  building.      An  en 
largement  was  made  in  1777  by  Sir  Willian 
Mayne,  Bart,  (afterwards  Lord  Newhaven) 
who  disposed  of  the  property  to  a  Mr.  James 
Brown.     From  him  it  was  purchased  by  Mr 
Isaac    Walker,    and  it  still   remains   in  the 
Walker  family,  one  generation  of  which  gav 
the    famous    seven    brothers    to    first-class 
cricket  in  the  period  1846-84. 

CHARLES  S.  BURDON. 

"  COUSIN  AND  COUNSELLOR." — When  was 
the  royal  greeting  of  "  cousin "  extendec 
to  viscounts  ?  Blackstone  relates  how 
Henry  IV.  thought  it  politic  to  acknowledge 
his  relationship — then  a  fact — to  every  ear 
in  England,  and  says  that  the  usage  con- 
tinued when  the  reason  had  failed.  Bui 
he  does  not  say  that,  when  the  title  oj 
viscount  was  created  in  a  later  reign, 
cousinhood  was  created  with  it. 

A.  T.  M. 

SALAMANCA,  1812:  CAPT.  G.  STUBBS. — On 
a  monument  in  the  Holy  Ghost  Burial- 
ground,  Basingstoke,  there  is  the  following 
inscription  : — 

"  To  the  Memory  of  George  Stubbs,  second  son  of 
Thomas  Stubbs,  Esqre,  and  Mary  his  wife,  late  a 
Capt"  in  His  Majesty's  61Bt  Reg*  of  Infantry,  who 
departed  this  life  on  the  22  July,  1812,  aged  35 
years. 

"  At  the  memorable  battle  fought  on  the  plains 
of  Salamanca  in  Spain,  the  command  of  the  regi- 
ment devolved  on  him,  and  whilst  gallantly  leading 
on  his  men  [he]  fell  in  the  midst  of  victory." 

Where  can  I  find  this  statement  verified  ? 
I  have  read  several  accounts  of  the  battle, 
but  this  man's  name  does  not  occur. 

R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

Sandgate. 

CATHOLICS:  AS  A  SURNAME. — In  the  regis- 
ters of  St.  John  the  Baptist's  Church,  Bath- 
easton,  Bath,  is  the  following  entry  ad  an. 
1792:  "April  21.  William  Smith,  B.  [mar- 
ried to]  Hannah  Sheppherd.  Witnesses  : 
Charlotte  Sheppherd,  William  Catholick." 
Is  not  the  last  surname  somewhat  unusual  ? 
Can  any  further  instances  of  it  be  given  ? 
At  all  events,  it  is  sufficiently  curious  to 
merit  noting  in  '  N.  &  Q.' 

J.  B.  McGovERN. 

St.  Stephen's  Rectory,  C.-on-M.,  Manchester. 

DENNIE  OF  LONDON  AND  JAMAICA. — Can 
any  one  throw  further  light  on  the  following 
pedigree  ?  I  should  bo  glad  of  information, 
if  any  is  forthcoming,  as  soon  as  possible, 


as  I  want  it  for  the  Lister  or  Lyster  family 
history  which  I  am  about  to  publish. 

Thomas  Dennie  (?  or  Denny,  there  being 
a  tradition  that  the  spelling  was  changed 
owing  to  a  family  quarrel),  of  Kingston, 
Jamaica,  in  and  before  1779,  was  of  Titch- 
field  Street,  parish  of  Marylebone,  London, 
when  he  made  his  will,  dated  14  Nov.,  1795, 
proved  P.C.C.  5  March,  1799.  It  mentions 
his  sons  Henry  and  Robert ;  his  daughter 
Sarah  and  Hon.  Simon  Taylor,  Clephalet 
ffitch,  Walter  Richmond,  Angus  Macbean, 
and  Thomas  Bagnold,  Esqs.,  all  of  the 
island  of  Jamaica,  executors.  His  sons 
were : — 

(a)  Robert  Dennie,  younger  son,  ensign 
38th  (S.  Staffs)  Regt.  of  Foot  14  Aug.,  1783 
('  Army  List,'  1785),  living  November,  1795. 
[Can  he  be  identical  with  Robert  Denny,  son 
of  Lieut.-Col.  Thomas  Denny,  7th  Dragoons 
(dead  in   1805),  ensign  Fifeshire  Fencibles 
January,    1796 ;     3rd    Garrison    Battalion, 
1808;   67th  Regt.  1808  or  1809;   3rd  Buffs 
1809,  captain  30  June,  1809;    m.  in  Dublin, 
August,    1805,  Helen,   dau.   Capt.  Anthony 
Lyster,    of    Grange,    co.    Roscommon    (and 
sister    of    Lady    Lees,    whose   family   were 
intimate  friends  of  Major  Henry  W.  Dennie, 
below),  and  had  issue  (with  a  dau.  Sophia, 

who  m.  Rev. Eaton,  and  had  issue)  a 

son  —  Robert    Denny   of     Kingstown,    co. 
Dublin,  d.  there  in  or  about  1841,   having 
m.  first,  1839,  Rebecca  S.  Irvine,  widow  of 
Christopher    Deey,    Esq.,  who    d.s.p. ;     m. 

2ndly ,  by  whom  (who  remarried  after 

his  death)  he  had  an  only  child  Helen,  who 
died  young  ?]. 

(b)  Henry  Dennie,  elder  son,  of   London, 
barrister-at-law,     admitted    Lincoln's    Inn, 
10  Feb.,  1779.    [Can  he  be  the  Henry  Denny 
who   m.    Sarah   Aldridge   at    St.    George's, 
Hanover  Square,  1774,  or  the  Henry  Denny, 
of  the  parish  of  St.  Clement,  buried  at  St. 
Paul's,     Co  vent    Garden,     28    Oct.,     1810, 
aged  55  ?]     He  m.   Grace,  dau.  of  William 
Steele,     and    granddaughter    of     Laurence 
Steele,  Esq.,  of  Rathbride,  co.  Kildare,  by 
whom  (who  remarried  Col.   William  Kent, 
ICTth  Foot,  and  d.  1856)  he  had  issue  a  son  : — 

Col.   William  Henry  Dennie,   C.B.,    13th 
Light    Infantry,    b.    "about    1785,"    "the 
gallant  Col.  Dennie"    killed  at  Jellalabad 
see    '  Dictionary    of   National   Biography,' 
Lady  Sale's  '  Journal,'  Sir  N.  Chamberlain's 
book   on   the    'Afghan   Campaign   of   '42,' 
Gossip  of  the  Century,'  '  Account  of  the  War 
ji  Afghanistan  in  a   Series  of  Letters  by 
Col.  W.  H.  Dennie,  C.B.,'  Dublin,  1843,  &c.). 
He  m.  a  French  lady,  and  had  issue  (besides 
hree  daus.  Grace,  Genevieve,  and  Aimee, 


530 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        m  s.  iv.  DEC.  so,  1911. 


"  of  great   beauty,"    who   d.    unmarried)   a 
son  and  a  dau.  : — 

Henry  William  Dennie,  Ensign  28th 
(N.  Glos.)  Regt.,  1841,  Captain  1854,  Brevet 
Major  1860,  wounded  in  the  Crimea,  d.  un- 
married in  the  Isle  of  Wight,  where  he  lived 
after  he  retired. 

Henriette  Lavinie  Dennie,  m.  Col.  Septimus 
Moore  Hawkins,  97th  Regt.,  and  had  issue. 

Please  reply  direct. 

(Rev.)  H.  L.  L.  DENNY. 

Holy  Trinity,  Sloane  Street,  S.W. 

THIEBS'S  '  TRAITE  DES  SUPERSTITIONS.' — 
I  should  be  glad  of  information  as  to  how 
many  editions  have  been  published  of 
J.  B.  Thiers's  'Traite  des  Superstitions  qui 
regardent  tous  les  sacremens,  selon  1'lScriture 
Sainte,  les  Dec-rets  des  Conciles,  et  les  senti- 
mens  des  Saints  Peres.'  Which  is  the 

best  edition  ?  S.  O.  MOFFET. 

Kendal. 

DISEASES  FROM  PLANTS. — Can  any  one 
name  plants  which  are  supposed  to  cause 
complaints  ?  We  have  primula  eczema, 
hay  fever,  daffodil  fingers,  and  privet  cough. 
What  others  are  known  ?  RAVEN. 

BROADBENT  PORTRAITS. — Information  re- 
specting portraits  of  any  members  of  Broad- 
bent  families  1650-1800  would  be  greatly 
appreciated.  LEO  C. 

CAPT.  BENJAMIN  JOSEPH. — In  a  foot- 
note by  Sir  Sidney  Lee  to  his  edition  of  the 
'Autobiography'  of  Lord  Herbert  of  Cher- 
bury  (Routledge),  he  writes  :— 

"In  Dec.,  1616,  Capt.  Benjamin  Joseph  sailed 
in  the  Globe  as  commander  of  the  East  India 
Company's  fleet.  In  the  following  March  Capt. 
Joseph,  a  man  of  extraordinary  note  and  respect, 
was  killed." 

I  believe  a  member  of  the  Jewish  persuasion 
sailed  with  Columbus,  and  I  have  read 
somewhere  the  suggestion  that  Marco  Polo 
was  of  that  nation.  Was  Capt.  Benjamin 
Joseph  of  Jewish  origin  ? 

M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

COLTMAN  FAMILY.— William  Coltman  of 
Fleckney,  co.  Leicester,  and  the  Tower  Ward, 
City  of  London,  left  two  daughters — Mary, 
wife  of  Tobias  Chandler,  and  Hanna,  who 
became  a  Mrs.  Herris  ;  but  no  sons.  His 
will  was  proved  in  the  P.C.C.  in  1643.  In 
it  he  mentions  his  uncle  Robert  Coltman  and 
Robert's  son  William ;  and  his  brothers 
John  Coltman,  with  a  son  John,  and  Abraham 
Coltman.  The  widow  married  William 
Wiberd. 


I  shall  be  much  obliged  for  any  assistance 
in  endeavouring  to  trace  the  descendants  of 
the  above-mentioned  Coltmans. 

S.  S.  McDowALL. 

Freugh,  Herne  Hill,  S.E. 


THE    HALLETTS    OF    CANONS. 
(US.  iv.  281,  435.) 

MR.  ROBERTS' s  interesting  notes  on  the 
Hallett  family — and  especially  the  name 
Lettice — aroused  in  me  some  faint  memory. 
On  reference  to  my  '  Reades  of  Blackwood 
Hill  and  Dr.  Johnson's  Ancestry '  the 
reason  for  this  became  apparent  (pp.  169- 
170)  ;  for  there  I  had  recorded  that 
"  James  Hallett,  Esq.,  of  Essex,"  married 
Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  Ambrose  Crowley, 
the  great  ironmaster,  and  sister  of  Lettice 
Crowley,  who  married  Sir  John  Hinde 
Cotton. 

From  Moraiit's  '  Essex,'  vol.  ii.  (1767), 
p.  424,  I  learn  that  the  manor  and  estate 
of  Merks,  in  Great  Dunmow,  "about  600Z. 
per  ann.,"  was  sold  by  Robert  Milborn, 
Esq.,  to 

"  Sir  James  Hallet,  Knt.  He  died  31  Jan., 
1733/4,  and  lies  buried  at  Little  Dunmow, 
with  Mary  his  wife. — James  Hallet,  Esq.,  his 
son  and  heir,  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Sir 
Ambrose  Crawley,  Knt.,  and  their  son  and  heir, 
James  Hallet,  Esq.,  is  present  Lord  of  Merks. 

"  He  hath  also  the  maner,  or  reputed  maner, 
of  Mynchons,  in  this  parish." 

A  little  further  on  (p.  428)  Morant  states 
of  Little  Dunmow  that,  some  time  after 
1700,  it  was  purchased  by 

"  Sir  James  Hallet,  Knt.,  who  dyed  31  Janu., 
1702/3  [sic].  His  son,  James  Hallet,  Esq., 
married  Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  Ambrose  Crawley, 
Knt.,  by  whom  he  had  8  children.  He  dyed 
16  Nov.,  1723,  aged  38,  and  his  widow  had  this 
estate  in  jointure.  Their  eldest  son,  James 
Hallet,  Esq.,  is  the  present  possessor." 

'  Musgrave's  Obituary  '  (Harleian  Society) 
shows  that  Sir  James  Hallet,  Kt.,  of  Cheap- 
side,  goldsmith,  died  31  January,  1734  ; 
that  Ambrose  Hallet,  grandson  of  Sir  James, 
died  27  July,  1732,  aged  20;  and  that 
Crawley  Hallet  of  Dunmow,  probably 
brother  to  Ambrose,  died  in  1767. 

MR.  ROBERTS  tells  us  (ante,  p.  282)  that  his 
first  "  William  Hallett  married  the  daughter 
of  James  Hallett — probably  a  relative — of 
Dunmow,  Essex,"  and  that  she  died  in  1810, 
aged  95.  We  are  there  left  to  infer  that 
she  was  the  mother  of  the  second  William 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  so,  ion.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


531 


Hallett  ;  but  MB.  ROBERTS'S  later  com- 
munication (p.  435)  seems  to  show  that  she 
cannot  have  been,  for  the  note  he  quotes 
states  that  she  was  born  in  1714,  and  married 
to  William  Hallett  the  first  (as  his  second 
wife)  in  1756,  three  years  after  the  marriage 
of  William  Hallett  the  second.  The  fact 
that  her  name  was  Lettice  is  most  significant ; 
indeed,  the  evidence  seems  conclusively  to 
show  that  her  father  was  the  same  James 
Hallett  who  married  Sir  Ambrose  Crowley's 
daughter.  Sir  Ambrose,  as  may  be  seen 
in  my  book,  died  in  1713,  the  year  before 
her  birth,  and  in  his  will  mentioned  no 
Hallett  grandchildren  except  Ambrose  and 
Mary. 

If  the  date  of  1756  is  correct  for  the  date 
of  William  Halle tt's  second  marriage,  it 
is  clear  that  the  Halletts  of  Canons  were 
not  descended  (in  the  female  line)  from  James 
Hallett  and  Mary  Crowley,  but  from  Wil- 
liam Hallett' s  unknown  first  wife.  I  have 
no  evidence  as  to  whether  the  two  Hallett 
families  were  of  common  descent,  but  their 
intermarriage  rather  points  to  it. 

Foster's  '  Alumni  Oxonienses  '  shows  that 
Ambrose,  son  of  James  Hallett  of  Middle- 
sex, armiger,  matriculated  19  May,  1729, 
aged  17,  from  Pembroke  College,  Oxford  ; 
while  his  brother  James,  described  as  son  of 
James  Hallett  of  St.  Andrew's,  Holborn, 
armiger,  matriculated  from  the  same  college, 
aged  18,  on  16  May,  1728,  was  of  Dun- 
mow  Priory,  Essex,  and  died  in  1767. 

MR.  ROBERTS  does  not  tell  us  positively 
that  William  Hallett  of  Philliols,  Dorset 
(ante,  p.  282),  was  son  of  William  Hallett 
of  Candys,  but  there  can  be  no  doubt  on 
the  point,  for  he  is  so  described  in  the 
'  Radclyffe  of  Foxdenton '  pedigree  in 
Burke's  '  Landed  Gentry,'  1853,  p.  1091. 

These  are  only  a  few  notes  collected  on 
the  spur  of  the  moment,  which  do  not,  I 
fear,  bear  very  closely  upon  MR.  ROBERTS' s 
inquiries.  But  they  might  be  useful  to 
any  one  inclined  to  follow  up  more  closely, 
by  reference  to  original  records,  the  question 
of  the  exact  connexion  between  the  two 
Hallett  families. 

ALEYN  LYELL  READE. 

Park  Corner,  Blundellsands,  nr.  Liverpool. 


WORDSWORTH  :  "  QTJAM  NIHIL  AD  GENIUM, 
PAPINIANE,  TUUM  !  "  (11  S.  iv.  325.) — It  has 
been  pointed  out  by  COL.  PRIDEAUX  (10  S. 
v.  1 1 6)  that  Selden,  in  the  '  Address  to  the 
Reader  '  prefixed  to  Dray  ton's  '  Polyolbion  ' 
(ed.  1622),  speaks  of  "  a  representation  of 
them,  whose  language  and  best  learning  is 


purchast  from  such  volumes  as  Rablais 
reckons  in  S.  Victor's  Library,  or  barbarous 
glosses  : — 

Quam  nihil  ad  Genium,  Papiniane,  tuum  !  " 

I  had  long  suspected  that  Selden  was  the 
author  of  this  line,  partly  because  his 
eminence  as  a  jurist  must  have  made  him 
familiar  with  Papinian,  and  partly  because 
of  his  skill  as  a  writer  of  elegiac  verse.  That 
skill  may  be  inferred  from  the  fact  that, 
when  he  was  only  ten  years  of  age,  he  com- 
posed the  Latin  couplet  carved  on  the 
lintel  of  his  home.  I  quote  the  lines  with  a 
slight  correction  of  the  unmetrical  form  in 
which  they  are  cited  from  G.  W.  Johnson^ 
'  Memoirs  '  in  Arber's  edition  of  Selden' s 
'Table-Talk'  :— 
Gratus,  honeste,  mihi ;  non  claudar,  inito,  sedebis  ; 

fur  abeas  ;   non  sum  facta  soluta  tibi. 

I  have  seen  it  suggested,  in  the  current 
number  of  The  Eagle,  that  the  line  in 
Papinian  is  quoted  by  Selden  as  an  example 
of  a  "  barbarous  gloss."  On  the  contrary, 
I  prefer  to  accept  the  line  as  Selden' s  own, 
and  as  expressing  his  own  condemnation  of 
the  "  barbarous  glosses."  So  far  from 
being  a  "  gloss,"  it  implies  that  such  "  bar- 
barous glosses  "  are  absolutely  worthless  in 
comparison  with  the  genius  of  Papinian. 
I  observe  that  Rabelais,  only  a  few  pages 
after  giving  the  list  of  the  library  of  St. 
Victor's,  honourably  mentions  Papinian, 
by  the  side  of  Plato  and  Cicero  (W.  F. 
Smith's  translation  of  Rabelais,  vol.  i. 
pp.  236-43,  and  p.  246). 

J..E.  SANDYS. 

Cambridge. 

TIMOTHY  BRIGHT  (11  S.  iv.  464).— DR. 
PALMER'S  note  on  Bright's  '  Treatise. . .  .of 
English  Medicines  '  will  settle  any  lingering 
doubt  as  to  the  authorship  of  this  little 
sixteenth-century  tract ;  but  Bright's  claim 
has  not  yet  been  recognized  in  the  British 
Museum  and  other  catalogues. 

Since   publishing   my    '  Timothe   Bright 
I    have    lighted    upon    a    small    additional 
scrap  of  information  which  may  be  worth 
preserving.    It  is  known  from  the  dedication 
of  one  of  his  books  that  the  doctor  was  in 
Ipswich  in  1584,  and  I  find  that  the  register 
of  St.  Mary-at-the-Quay  records  the  baptism 
of  Peter  Bright,  "  sonne  of  docter  Bright, 
on   5   July,    1584.     This  son,   according  to 
Thoresby,  was  buried  at  Barwick-in-Elmet 
eleven  years   later.     It  is   curious  to  note 
that  Bright's  four  sons  were  christened  suc- 
cessively Timothy,  Titus,  Peter,  and  Paul. 
W.  J.  CARLTON. 

47,  Ravenswood  Road,  Balham,  S.W. 


532 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s.  iv.  DEC. so,  1011. 


THE  RATING  or  CLEBGY  TO  FIND  ARMOUR 
(11  S.  iv.  468).— In  the  'Coventry  Leet 
Book  '  (transcribed  by  Mary  Dormer  Harris), 
vol.  ii.  p.  318,  are  the  names  of  priests  of 
Bablake  who  gave  money,  part  of  40Z., 
for  fourteen  men  to  go  with  Warwick  to 
fight  against  the  Lancastrians,  "  kyng  Kerry 
and  quene  Marget. ' '  The  names  of  the  priests 
are  given  in  a  paragraph  by  themselves, 
following  a  list  of  166  names  of  Coventry 
laymen  with  the  amount  they  each  paid. 
I  quote  from  the  paragraph  :  "  Will  Haddon, 
warden,  2s.  Qd.,  and  the  11  following  '  Capel- 
lani  '  4d.  each  [here  follow  their  names]. 
Rob.  Wode  and  Joh.  Blake,  '  Clerici,'  2d. 
between  them."  The  amounts  given  by 
the  laymen  range  from  13s.  to  Qd.  This 
was  in  the  year  1461. 

JESSIE  H.  HAYLLAR. 

Brighton. 

In  a  short  paper  on  '  County  Armaments 
in  Devon '  (Trans.  Devon  Association, 
vol.  xli.  p.  339)  I  have  touched  upon  this 
subject  of  the  military  liabilities  of  the  clergy, 
and  have  quoted  at  full  length  an  interesting 
document  at  the  Record  Office  (State  Pap. 
Dom.,  vol.  ex.  34),  dated  1576,  the  preamble 
of  which  runs  thus  : — 

"  Whereas  the  Bisshoppes  and  Clergie  upon 
greate  consideration  were  charged  by  Statute  A° 
p°  [i.e.,  first]  of  King  Edw.  the  sixt  wth  horse  and 
armure,  and  afterward,  A°  4  &  5  Ph.  &  Mary, 
were  discharged  by  ther  owne  finesse  then  sitteng 
at  the  helme,  under  color  of  a  better  p'vision  by 
a  new  statute  then  p'f erred,  repealing  all  former 
actes  for  horses  and  armoure,  and  wittingly 
omitteng  to  chardge  themselves  again  in  the  new  ; 
hit  is  most  requisite  (the  reason  and  cause  still 
remeyneiig)  by  some  way  to  reduce  them  to 
the  former  chardge.  The  reason  by  which  they 
stand  bownd  (though  their  persons  be  exempt)  to 
arme  others,  is  principally  the  law  of  nature  and 
nations,  wch  bindeth  all  p'sons  to  the  defence  and 
p'servation  of  their  naturall  contrey.  Also  laws 
in  France,  and  in  all  places  abowte  us,  wch  chardge 
the  clergie  wth  contribution  to  warres  in  respecte 
of  ther  temporaries." 

Among  the  Augmentation  Books  at  the 
Record  Office  (vol.  Ixxvii.)  is  a  list,  annotated 
by  Mr.  Salisbury  as  probably  of  16  Hen.  VIII., 
of  inhabitants  of  the  Hundreds  of  Westrygg 
and  Kirrier,  co.  Cornwall,  setting  forth 
under  each  parish  : — • 

"  First  the  yerely  vaylor  of  the  Spiritual  men  is 
possessions,  and  of  their  goodis  and  their  harnys, 
by  their  othis,  according  to  the  seid  commission  ; 
and  afterwards,  the  yerely  vaylor  of  the  temporall 
men  is  londis,  and  of  their  goodis  and  harnys." 
At  "  St.  Nyots  "  the  vicar,  Robert  Tubbe, 
whose  "  possessions  "  in  decimis,  obla- 
tions, &c.,  amount  to  131.  6s.  8d.,  and  the 
value  of  his  "  goods  "  to  the  same  sum,  is 
entered  as  "  full  Harnyssed." 


A  Harleian  MS.  (6939,  225)  gives  "A  Note 
or  View  of  the  armoure  imposed  upon  the 
whole  clergie  within  the  diocese  of  Exeter, 
taken  1595."  In  this,  under  the  heading 
"  Light  Horses,"  names  of  two  or  more 
clergymen  are  sometimes  bracketed  together, 
as  combining  to  furnish  one  such.  I  should 
think  probably  the  same  official  machinery 
was  employed  for  the  "  survey  "  of  clerical 
armour  as  for  the  assessment  or  collection  of 
"  Clerical  Subsidies." 

ETHEL  LEGA-WEEKES. 

May  I  refer  DR.  W.  M.  PALMER  to  the  last 
published  volume  of  the  Chetham  Society, 
'  The  Township  Booke  of  Halliwell,'  1640- 
1762,  which  I  had  the  honour  to  transcribe 
and  edit  ?  Therein  he  will  find  many 
instances  of  arms  and  accoutrements  of  war- 
fare being  supplied  by  the  township  and  by 
special  rating,  especially  for  the  armies 
fighting  during  the  Civil  War.  A  Poll  Tax 
for  arms  and  militia  was  collected  at  Halli- 
well so  late  as  1745,  and  realized  3Z.  12s.  6d. 
ARCHIBALD  SPARKE,  F.R.S.L. 

Reference  Library,  Bolton. 

"  DILLISK  "  AND  "  SLOOK  "  (11  S.  iv.  469). 
— The  statement  that  "  the  dictionaries  do 
not  help  "  us  is  not  true  of  the  '  N.E.D.' 
and  *  E.D.D.'  :  dictionaries  which  are 
neglected,  though  they  are  the  best.  Both 
say  that  dillisk  is  another  form  of  dulse. 
The  '  N.E.D.'  has  not  yet  come  to  slook  ; 
but  the  '  E.D.D.'  has  "  Sloke,  also  sloak, 
slouk,  sluice,  a  name  given  to  various  species 
of  Algae,  esp.  Ulva  lactuca,  Ulva  latissima, 
and  Porphyra  laciniata." 

WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

To  Irish  readers  these  words  present  no 
difficulty,  sloke  being  the  name  universally 
used  in  Ireland  for  the  seaweed  called  laver 
in  England.  Dillisk  or  dulsk  is  a  red 
(rather  like  maiden-hair  fern)  seaweed, 
which  is  dried  and  then  chewed  by  many 

?eople,  particularly  in  the  north  of  Ireland, 
t  used  to  be  sold  from  carts  or  barrows  in 
the  streets  of  Dublin,  the  principal  vendors 
having  their  stands  at  Carlisle  Bridge  and 
at  the  gates  of  Trinity  College.  They  have 
disappeared. 

Soyer  came  to  Ireland  during  the  famine 
of  1847  to  organize  cheap  and  effective 
cookery  for  the  population,  then  starving 
by  reason  of  the  total  failure  of  the  potato 
crop,  and  no  doubt  suggested  these  succulent 
seaweeds  as  being  obtainable  free  for  the 
trouble  of  gathering  them.  L.  A.  W. 

Dublin. 


us. iv. DEC. 30, mi.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


533 


Sloak,  or  laver,  is  "a  well-known  sea- 
weed," picked  off  the  rocks  in  the  sea. 
Balbriggan,  co.  Dublin,  is  celebrated  for 
the  quantity  of  sloak  found  on  seashore 
rocks.  When  properly  cooked  it  is  an 
excellent  vegetable,  but  as  beef  is  an  im- 
provement to  mustard,  so  roast  mutton  is 
an  improvement  to  sloak,  or  laver. 

PATRICK. 

Dublin. 

Dillisk,  dills,  are  Irish  and  Scotch  names 
of  dulse,  an  edible  species  of  seaweed,  the 
Rhodymenia  palmata.  In  Scotland  there 
is  a  saying : — 

"  He  who  eats  of  the  dulse  of  Guerdie,  and 
drinks  of  the  wells  of  Kindingie,  will  escape  all 
maladies  except  the  black  death." 

Sloak,  sloke,  and  sloukawn  are  synonyms 
partly  of  the  common  Porphyrse,  partly  of 
Ulvse,  but  more  especially  of  the  former, 
the  latter  being  usually  called  "  green 
sloke."  Laver  is  the  popular  name  given 
to  some  edible  seaweeds — the  Porphyra 
laciniata  and  the  Ulva  latissima.  The 
same  title  was  bestowed  by  Pliny  on  an 
aquatic  plant  now  unknown,  and  called 
also  sloke  or  sloken.  Porphyra  is  the  true 
laver,  or  sloke.  It  is  slimy,  or  semi- 
gelatinous  of  consistence  when  served  at 
table,  having  been  stewed  for  several  hours 
until  quite  tender,  and  then  being  eaten  with 
butter,  vinegar,  and  pepper.  It  may  be 
cooked  with  leeks  and  onions,  or  pickled, 
and  eaten  with  oil  and  lemon  juice.  The 
Englishman  calls  this  seaweed  laver,  the 
Irishman  sloke,  the  Scotsman  slake, 
and  the  student  Porphyra.  The  Ulva 
lactuca,  from  its  being  frequently  attached 
to  oysters,  is  called  oyster  green,  lettuce- 
laver,  and  green  sloke.  This,  together  with 
Ulva  latissima,  is  likewise  known  as  laver, 
because  sometimes  substituted  by  epicures 
for  the  true  laver  (Porphyra)  when  the  latter 
cannot  be  got  ;  but  it  is  inferior  to  its  purple 
companion.  TOM  JONES. 

Dillisk  is  both  Irish  and  Scotch  for  dulse. 
Dulse  is  apostrophized  by  Mr.  J.  M.  Barrie 
in  his  book  '  A  Window  in  Thrums,'  and  is  to 
this  day  gathered  from  the  rocks  of  the 
North  Sea  by  the  people  of  Arbroath  for 
culinary  purposes. 

Slook,  or  laver,  abounds  in  the  lower 
reaches  of  the  Bristol  Channel,  being  par- 
ticularly prolific  on  the  North  Devon  coast. 
Five  different  kinds  may  here  be  found: 
Porphyra  vulgaris,  the  common  purple 
laver ;  Porphyra  laciniata,  the  laciniated 
purple  laver;  Ulva  latissima,  the  broad 
green  laver;  Ulva  linza,  the  ribbon  green 


laver  ;  and  Ulva  crispa.  It  is  said  to  be 
more  palatable  than  the  Carrageen  moss 
(Chondrus  crispus)  of  Ireland,  and  to  be 
"equally  useful  in  chronic  illness." 

T.  H.  BARROW. 

[MR.  A.  E.  ARMSTRONG,  MR.  MICHAEL  F.  Cox, 
MR.  HUGH  S.  MACLEAN,  MR.  S.  L.  PETTY,  and  MR. 
HENRY  SMYTH  also  thanked  for  replies.] 

HOLED  STONES  :  TOLMENS  (US.  iv.  463). 
—  The  superstitious  ceremony  of  taking  an 
oath  while  joining  hands  through  a  holed 
stone  is  presumably  not  yet  obsolete  in 
the  north  of  Scotland,  or  at  any  rate  in  the 
Orkney  Islands,  which  from  the  end  of  the 
ninth  century  till  the  middle  of  the  thir- 
teenth were  ruled  by  Scandinavian  jarls. 
The  holed-stone  superstition  is  probably  of 
Scandinavian  origin.  The  following  excerpt 
is  from  a  novel  entitled  '  Twice  a  Traitor,' 
by  an  anonymous  author,  published  in 
1907  :— 

"  '  Here  we  are  at  the  Stones,'  said  Mr.  Manfred 
[to  Peggy],  as  they  emerged  from  the  stony  lane 
into  the  open  country  close  to  a  large  circle  of 
upright  stones,  in  the  centre  of  which  was  one 
taller  than  the  rest,  with  a  hole  through  it. 

"  '  Do  you  know  what  the  country  people 
say  about  these  stones  ?  ' 

"  '  No,  I  only  know  what  the  learned  people 
say.  Some  of  'their  theories  are  rather  wild,' 
answered  the  young  man,  smiling. 

"  '  If  you  want  anything  very  much,  you  should 
stand  on  that  stone  in  the  centre  on  which  the 
tall  stone  rests  upright"—  that  is  where  the  human 
sacrifices  were  offered  —  and  wish  with  all  your 
force  and  might.' 

"  '  Does  it  come  true  ?  ' 

"  '  Yes,  it  always  comes  true.'  .... 

"  They  were  standing  on  the  centre  stone,  side 
bv  side  ..... 

"  ____  Peggy  turned  away  ----  and  tried  to  see 
whether  her  arm  would  still  go  through  the  hole 
in  the  stone.  It  was  a  long  time  since  she  had 
made  the  attempt. 

"John  Manfred,  turning  suddenly,  saw  out- 
stretched fingers,  and  taking  them  in  his  held  them 
fast,  while  he  looked  over  the  stone  to  see  the  face 
of  the  owner  ;  he  declared  that  she  was  now  hia 
prisoner. 

"  '  Please  let  me  go,'  she  said  in  real  distress, 
'  you  do  not  understand.  I  was  only  trying  to 
see  whether  I  was  still  thin  enough  to  put  my 
arm  through.  Oh,  what  have  you  done  ?  ......  ? 

"  John  Manfred  went  as  far  as  Mrs.  Smith  a 
door,  and  Peggy  went  in.  Then  he  turned  his 
footsteps  in  the  direction  of  a  little  farm  a  mile 
outside  the  town,  for  he  knew  that  if  any  one 
could  tell  him  the  local  legends  the  widow  Moffat 
could.  He  must  know  without  delay  the  reason 
of  Peggy's  distress  when  their  hands  met  through 
the  hole  in  the  Druid  stone  ..... 

"  '  Mrs.  Moffat,  I  wonder  if  you  can  tell  me 
what  ceremony  is  connected  with  the  holt 


e  centre  one  at  the  Druid  Stones  ye'll 
be  meaning,  Mr.  Manfred.' 


534 


NOTES  AND  Q  UERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  so,  1911. 


"  He  nodded His  question  seemed  to  rouse 

memories  in  her,  for  she  looked  into  the  depths  of 
the  glowing  peat  fire  before  she  went  on,  as  if 
she  saw  pictures  there. 

'  '  Sixty  years  ago  on  Midsummer  Eve  my  man 
and  I  plighted  our  troth  there.  It's  this  way, 
sir.  If  ye  tak'  a  lass  there,  and  your  hands  meet 
through  the  holed  stone,  it's  as  good  as  being 
marrit  in  the  kirk.' .... 

"  '  But  I  suppose  you  were  married  at  the  kirk 
afterwards,'  he  said,  smiling  gently. 

"  '  Ay,  sir,  my  man  was  fond  o'  the  kirk.  He 
was  an  elder.  But  it  would  ha'  been  no  sin  for 
us  to  live  together  if  we  hadna'  gone  to  the  kirk 
at  all,  as  we  were  man  and  wife.  Our  island  folk 
plighted  their  troth  there  long  before  the  first  kirk 
was  built.' 

;  '  Then  it  was  really  regarded  as  binding,'  he 
said  gravely. 

"  '  Sairtainly.  I'm  no  saying  that  the  young 
folk  nowadays  would,  for  since  the  steamers  came 
here  and  the  touriks — asking  your  pardon,  sir — 
I  hardly  ken  the  auld  place.  But  there's  nae 
descendant  o'  old  Nancy  Moffat  that  would  break 
their  troth  if  they  plighted  it  through  the  stone.'  " 

T.  H.  BARBOW. 

HENBY  FIELDING  AND  THE  CIVIL  POWEB 
(11  S.  iii.  486;  iv.  58,  277,  336,  419).— 
The  quotation  given  by  MB.  ROBBINS  from 
the  London  newspaper  of  October,  1751, 
must  certainly  refer  to  Henry  Fielding, 
for  the  '  D.N.B.'  states  that  in  his  capacity 
as  magistrate  at  Bow  Street  he  was  carrying 
on  an  active  crusade  against  crime  down 
to  the  year  1753.  On  one  occasion  he  raided 
a  gambling  club  in  the  hope  of  arresting- 
some  notorious  highwaymen.  His  half- 
brother  John  only  became  assistant  magis- 
trate towards  the  end  of  1751.  In  1753 
Henry,  after  producing  an  elaborate  scheme 
of  poor-law  relief,  received  a  summons  from 
the  Duke  of  Newcastle,  when  about  to  start 
for  Bath  to  drink  the  waters,  and  was 
detained  in  London  to  advise  the  Govern- 
ment as  to  the  best  means  for  putting  a  stop 
to  the  frequency  of  robberies. 

Fanny  Burney,  too,  had  evidently  the 
author  of  '  Tom  Jones  '  in  mind,  as  a  dis- 
tinguished brother  -  craftsman,  when  she 
wrote  in  '  Evelina,'  letter  xiv.  : — 

"  'Let  me  go,  villain  that  you  are.  Let  me 
go,  or  I'll  promise  you  I'll  get  you  put  in  prison 
for  this  usage  ;  I'm  no  common  person,  I  assure 
you,  and,  ma  foi,  I'll  go  to  Justice  Fielding  about 
you  ;  for  I'm  a  person  of  fashion,  and  I'll  make 
you  know  it,  or  my  name  isn't  Duval.'  " 


New  York. 


N.  W.  HILL. 


FELICIA  HEMANS  (US.  iv.  468). There 

should  be  no  difficulty  in  discovering  the 
year  of  Mrs.  Hemans's  death.  The  accre- 
dited textbooks  all  give  1835,  the  majority 
of  them  not  specifying  month  and  day. 


Neglecting  this  safe  practice,  Prof.  George 
Saintsbury  ( '  Nineteenth  -  Century  Litera- 
ture,' p.  112)  ventures  a  guess,  and  guesses 
wrong.  Offering  no  ground  for  his  surmise, 
he  simply  states  that  "  she  did  not  live  to 
old  age,  dying  on  26th  April,  1835."  The 
correct  date,  as  stated  by  the  querists,  is 
16  May.  The  final  authority  for  the  poet's 
career  is  the  '  Memoir  '  by  her  sister,  Mrs. 
Hughes,  prepared  for  the  collective  edition 
of  the  '  Poems,'  7  vols.,  1839.  H.  F.  Chor- 
ley's  '  Memorials  of  Mrs.  Hemans,'  largely 
devoted  to  the  writer's  correspondence  and 
her  literary  work,  had  appeared  in  1837. 
Mr.  W.  M.  Rossetti  utilizes  these  records  in 
his  chapter  on  Mrs.  Hemans  ('  Lives  of 
Famous  Poets,'  p.  331).  It  may  be  added 
that  the  full  date  is  given  in  the  note  to 
Wordsworth's  'Extempore  Effusion  upon 
the  Death  of  James  Hogg,'  in  which  the  poet, 
eulogizing  Mrs.  Hemans,  says  she  was 
"  sweet  as  the  spring,  as  ocean  deep."  This 
poem  was  written  in  November,  1835. 

THOMAS  BAYNE. 

Mrs.  Hemans  died  in  Dublin,  16  May, 
1835.  Surely  nobody  seriously  considers 
her  our  greatest  English  poetess  ?  She  has, 
however,  as  it  seems  to  me,  been  unduly 
depreciated.  Wordsworth  spoke  highly  of 
her  poems,  but  she  has  no  place  in  our  more 
select  anthologies  :  Palgrave  and  Trench — 
and  even  Grant  Duff  ! — ignore  her.  Dennis 
quotes  two  of  her  sonnets,  but  speaks 
grudgingly  of  them.  They  are  certainly 
equal  to  a  good  many  of  those  in  '  Sonnets 
of  this  Century  '  ("  Canterbury  Poets  "), 
but  they  are  not  there.  Main,  in  his  col- 
lection, gives  five,  which  is  over-generous. 

C.  C.  B. 

There  is  a  marble  tablet  erected  to  Mrs. 
Hemans's  memory  in  the  parish  church  of 
St.  Ann,  Dawson  Street,  Dublin,  and  I 
believe  she  is  buried  in  the  vaults  of  that 
church.  I  have  also  seen  a  tablet  to  her 
in  some  church  in  Wales — St.  Asaph's  Cathe- 
dral or  some  church  in  its  vicinity,  I  think. 

L.  A.  W. 

Dublin. 

Lucius  (US.  iv.  449). — As  to  the  fictitious 
letter  said  to  have  been  sent  by  the  real 
second-century  Pope,  Eleutherus,  to  the 
fictitious  British  king  Lucius,  the  Rev. 
A.  W.  Haddan  and  Bishop  Stubbs  write 
('  Councils  and  Ecclesiastical  Documents 
relating  to  Great  Britain  and  Ireland,' 
vol.  i.,  Oxford,  1869,  p.  26)  as  follows  : — 

"  Finally,  the  fictitious  letter  of  Eleutherus 
(apud  Spelman,  i.  31,  and  Wilkins,  iv.  Appendix, 


us. iv. DEC. ao, ion.]         NOTES  AND   QUERIES. 


535 


703)  occurs,  among  other  plainly  fabulous  legends 
relating  to  Wales,  in  certain  spurious  additions 
to  the  Laws  of  Edward  the  Confessor  in  the 
'  Liber  Custumarum  '  (pp.  632-3,  ed.  Riley,  1860) 
belonging  to  the  Guildhall  of  London,  a  compila- 
tion (according  to  Mr.  Riley)  of  the  latter  part  of 
the  reign  of  Edward  II.,  from  which  it  was  first 
made  public  by  Harrison  and  Stow,  and  then  by 
Lambard, ' Apxaiovofj..,  pp.  142-3  (Cantab.,  1644)." 

The  above  remarks  are  probably  from  the 
pen  of  the  learned  A.  W.  Haddan,  who  was 
in  charge  of  the  Keltic  portion  of  the  great 
work  of  "  Haddan  and  Stubbs  "  (unluckily 
never  completed),  and  are  repeated  more 
briefly  in  Haddan's  '  Remains  '  (edited  by 
Bishop  Forbes  of  Brechin,  Oxford,  1876, 
p.  228). 

As  to  the  curious,  but  impossible  connexion 
of  the  British  king  Lucius  with  Coire  in  the 
Orisons,  see  my  edition  (1904)  of  '  Murray's 
Handbook  for  Switzerland,'  p.  407. 

W.  A.  B.  COOLIDGE. 

Grindelwald. 

"  THOUGH  CHRIST  A  THOUSAND  TIMES  BE 
SLAIN"  (11  S.  iv.  28,  97). — MB.  FORREST 
MORGAN  inquires  about  this  hymn,  sup- 
posed to  be  a  translation  from  Johann 
Scheffler  (Angelus  Silesius).  I  have  never 
seen  the  English  hymn,  but  I  should  think 
that  it  must  be  a  version  (probably  ex- 
panded) of  three  couplets  from  the  '  Cheru- 
binischer  Wandersmann  '  (Buch  I.,  Nos.  61, 
62,  63)  :— 

Wird  Christus  tausendmal  zu  Bethlehem  geboren, 
Und  nicht  in  dir,  du  bleibst  noch  ewiglich  ver- 

loren. 
Das  Kreutz  zu  Golgotha  kann  dich  nicht  von  dcm 

Bosen, 

Wo  es  nicht  auch  in  dir  wird  aufgericht,  erlosen. 
Ich  sag,  es  hilft  dir  nicht,  dass  Christus  auf- 

erstanden,     ' 
Wo  du  noch  liegen  bleibst  in  Simd-  und  Todes- 

banden. 

HENRY  BETT. 
Lincoln. 

LANGLEY  HILL  (11  S.  iv.  169,  239).— 
MR.  HIPWELL'S  guess  is  an  unfortunate  one. 
Langley  Hill,  whose  marriage  in  1746  MR. 
HIP  WELL  refers  to,  was  appointed  clerk  to  the 
Grocers'  Company  in  1720,  the  same  year 
in  which  the  Westminster  boy  was  admitted 
to  the  school,  aged  11.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

Miss  HOWARD  AND  NAPOLEON  III.  (11  S. 
iv.  347,  430,  473). — Clarence  Trelawny  was 
third  son  of  Capt.  Harry  Brereton  Trelawny 
of  Shotwick  Park,  Cheshire.  According  to 
the  books  of  reference  he  was  born  in  1826, 
and  married  in  1870  Mary,  daughter  of 
W.  S.  Campbell.  The  earlier  marriage  is 
not  mentioned  R.  S.  B. 


CIBBER'S  'APOLOGY'  (11  S.  iv.  381,  475). 
—I  must  thank  PROF.  BENSLY  for  the  further 
light  he  has  thrown  upon  this  subject.  I 
think  the  identity  of  "  Tom  "  Earle  with  the 
second  of  the  "  two  persons  now  living " 
may  be  taken  as  established.  With  regard 
to  "  a  certain  gentleman,"  I  should  be  glad 
to  know  if  any  description  can  be  found  of  a 
"  villa  "  belonging  to  Henry  Pelham  which 
would  correspond  with  the  language  of 
Gibber's  Dedication.  My  books  are  not 
accessible  at  present,  and  I  cannot  hunt 
up  the  matter  for  myself.  With  regard  to 
the  "  Integrity  "  argument,  I  do  not  attach 
much  weight  to  it.  Henry  Pelham  was 
doubtless  a  straighter  statesman  than  Bubb 
Dodington,  but  the  virtues  of  a  politician 
depend  very  much  upon  the  point  of  view. 
Integrity,  and  a  reputation  for  integrity, 
are  two  very  different  things,  and  I  question 
whether  Cibber  was  a  very  good  judge  of  the 
former. 

I  am  glad  that  PROF.  BENSLY  agrees  with 
me  in  thinking  that  the  '  Apology  '  is  worthy 
of  a  reprint.  My  note  was  written  before 
I  had  had  the  opportunity  of  reading  Mr. 
Rendall's  delightful  article  in  the  December 
Nineteenth  Century  entitled  '  Some  Reminis- 
cences of  Joseph  Knight,'  and  I  was  therefore 
pleased  to  find  that  this  was  also  the  view 
of  our  late  editor.  One  of  Knight's  favourite 
articles  in  the  '  D.N.B.'  is  said  to  have  been 
that  on  Colley  Cibber,  "  whose  '  Apology ' 
he  thought  worth  a  cheap  reprint,  and  used 
to  quote  with  gusto." 

I  may  add  that  my  annotator  makes 
repeated  references,  by  way  of  corroboration 
or  comparison,  to  '  An  Apology  for  the  Life 
of  Mr.  T[heophilus]  C[ibber],'  which  is  often 
attributed  to  Henry  Fielding.  Mr.  Lowe 
makes  little  or  no  use  of  this  book,  but  it 
should  certainly  not  be  neglected  by  any 
future  editor  of  Colley  Gibber's  work. 

W.  F.  PRIDE AUX. 

Villa  Paradis,  Hyeres. 

TATTERSHALL  :  ELSHAM  :  GRANTHAM 
(11  S.  iv.  269,  314,  455). — Uneducated 
people  use  the  traditional  pronunciation. 
With  them  ham  has  no  aspirate  because 
there  is  no  strong  accent  on  the  syllable. 
Persons  of  education,  dreading  a  dropped 
h  probably  avoid  the  difficulty  of  sounding 
it  in  a  slurred  syllable  by  combining  the 


Freeman  condemned  the  Gran-tham  and 
El-sham  type  of  pronunciation  in  round 
terms,  since  the  component  parts  of  the 
words  are  Grant-ham  and  Els-ham.  As 


536 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  so,  1011. 


for  Witham,  the  ancient  gibing  tale  that  the 
good  people  of  Little  Witham  were  witless 
enough  to  put  a  frog  into  a  cage,  under  the 
impression  that  it  would  prove  an  agreeable 
songster,  shows  by  implication  that  the  place 
was  formerly  Little  Wit-ham. 

Some  words  now  ending  in  ham  ought 
properly  to  be  written  um.  Housham, 
otherwise  Howsham,  was  anciently  Husum. 
To  a  Lincolnshire  labourer  it  is  'Oozum — to 
a  person  who  "  talks  fine "  How-sham. 
According  to  Streatfeild's  'Lincolnshire  and 
the  Danes,'  1884,  p.  224,  "  Um  is  the  Danish 
form  of  the  German  heim,  English  ham." 
Perhaps  Danish  influence  told  on  names 
which  are  evidently  English,  such  as  Mess- 
ingham  and  Burringham,  in  which  the  final 
syllable  is  pronounced  um  ;  but  possibly 
the  sound  merely  comes  from  the  syllable 
being  unstressed  ;  or,  again,  the  clashing  of 
English  with  Norman-French  may  have 
had  some  effect. 

When  did  it  become  a  sign  of  good  breed- 
ing to  sound  the  h  in  English  ?  Was  it 
restored  to  favour  when  James  I.  and 
his  Scots  came  into  England,  or  at  a 
later  time  ?  To  judge  by  the  spelling  of 
people  in  high  position,  there  was  great 
carelessness  of  diction  under  the  Tudors. 

T.  E.  G. 

"  Grant  "  being,  according  to  PEOF. 
SKEAT,  and  as  we  know  in  connexion  with 
Grantabrig,  now  Cambridge,  the  name  of  a 
river,  Grantham  is  probably  Grant-ham,  the 
homestead  on  the  Grant,  as  the  Witham 
was  apparently  called  originally. 

I  remember  Grant-ham  (the  h  dropped) 
as  a  surname  about  1850,  and  also  as  the 
name  of  the  town,  pronounced  in  the  same 
way  by  Canon  Worsley,  many  years  rector 
of  the  neighbouring  parish  of  Little  Ponton, 
and  by  his  family  in  1882.  If,  as  is  stated  at 
the  last  reference,  "  Grantham  people,  gene- 
rally say  Grantum,"  they  preserve  the 
traditional  pronunciation.  "  Gran-tham  " 
is,  I  have  no  doubt,  a  modern  corruption. 

J.  T.  F. 

Durham. 

Might  I  submit  a  further  solution  as  to  the 
origin  of  the  name  of  Grantham  ?  Eight 
miles  north  of  Grantham  is  Brandon,  on  the 
River  Brant ;  four  miles  further  north  is  Brant 
Broughton  (probably  the  Brunanborgh  where 
King  Athelstan  the  Saxon  defeated  King 
Anlaf  the  Dane  in  938),  also  on  the 
River  Brant  (i.e.,  Brunt  or  Brun).  Near 
Lincoln  are  Bransby  and  Branston  ;  near 
Frodingham  is  Brumby ;  near  Louth  is 
Bonby  ;  near  Stamford  is  Bourne — all  named 


Brun,  Brunby,  Brunnby,  or  Brunston  on  old 
maps.  In  Suffolk  is  Brantham  ;  and  in 
Mercia  alone  over  fifty  places  perhaps  owe 
their  origin  to  the  name  of  Brun.  Brun 
was  the  surname  of  all  the  kings  of  Mercia 
from  Crida,  495  A.D.,  to  Leofric,  the  husband 
of  Lady  G  odiva  of  Coventry,  sister  of  Thorold, 
High  Shrive  of  Lincoln.  Leofric  was  the 
[ast  Earl  Brun,  and  Hereward  was  his  son, 
slain  at  Bourne,  Brune,  or  Brun,  in  the 
Bruneswold  (Forest),  his  ancestral  home, 
n  1071.  Crida  was  eighth  in  descent  from 
Woden,  probably  through  Brond,  the  grand- 
son of  Woden. 

Close  by  Grantham  are  Marston  and 
Syston,  the  seats  of  the  Thorolds,  the  kins- 
men of  the  Bruns.  I  submit  that  at  one 
time  Grantham  was  Great  Brantham,  as 
distinguished  from  Brandon  (Brun's  Hill) 
on  the  River  Brant  (i.e.,  Brun's  River) ;  Brant 
Broughton  (Brunanborgh),  also  on  the  River 
Brant ;  and  Brantham,  near  Manningtree,  in 
Suffolk. 

Supposing  it  received  its  name  about  1,400 
years  ago,  one  can  easily  understand  that 
Great  Brantham  could  have  become  changed 
to  Grantham  in  the  course  of  time  ;  brevity 
alone  would  account  for  it,  as  also  would 
the  effacement  of  its  derivation  locally. 

CHARLES    LANSDOWN. 

"WRITES  ME"  :  "STAND  IT"  (11  S.  iv. 
465). — I  think  your  correspondent  has  not 
given  us  the  true  history  of  writes  me.  It  was 
once  perfectly  common,  and  has  been  in 
use  for  a  thousand  years.  In  Anglo-Saxon 
no  other  phrase  was  known,  because  me  was 
used  as  a  dative  as  well  as  an  accusative. 
And  even  now  we  use  me  without  to  when 
a  true  accusative  follows.  Surely  no  one 
would  be  so  pedantic  as  to  say  :  "  He  wrote 
to  me  a  letter  about  it."  The  alternative 
phrase  "He  wrote  a  letter  to  me  "  requires 
to  nowadays,  because  the  governed  pro- 
noun is  so  far  from  the  verb  ;  but  it  would 
have  been  quite  incorrect  in  the  days  of 
^Ethelred.  The  A.-S.  version  of  Luke  i.  3 
has  :  "  Me  gethuhte  writan  thee,"  it 
seemed  good  to  me  to  write  thee. 

There  are  some  interesting  examples  in 
Shakespeare  :  "  Will  you  then  write  me  a 
sonnet?"  ('Much  Ado,'  V.  ii.  4.)  "  He 
writes  me  here"  ('1  Hen.  IV.,' IV.  i.  31). 
"  Since  I  wrote  him"  ('  Cymb.,'  IV.  iii.  36). 

Briefly,  the  phrase  "he  writes  me"  is 
becoming  obsolete  merely  because  we  are 
ceasing  to  recognize  the  fact  that  me  was 
once  a  dative.  But  it  will  long  survive  in 
such  a  phrase  as  |"  give  me  the  book,"  in 
spite  of  protests.  WALTER  W»  SKEAT. 


ii  s.  iv.  DEC.  30,  mi.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


537 


THEOPHILUS  LEIGH,  D.D.  (11  S.  iv.  429). 
—There  is  a  short  notice  of  this  Master  of 
Balliol,  "  a  man  more  famous  for  his  sayings 
than  his  doings,"  with  some  of  the  sayings 
surviving  in  family  tradition,  in  chap.  i. 
of  the  Rev.  J.  E.  Austen  Leigh's  '  Memoir 
of  Jane  Austen,'  sixth  edition.  For  Mrs. 
Thrale's  letter  to  Dr.  Johnson  in  which  the 
Master's  pun  is  given  about  splitting  the 
table  and  dividing  the  board,  seeHayward's 
edition  of  Mrs.  Piozzi's  '  Autobiography, 
Letters,  and  Literary  Remains,'  second 
edition,  vol.  i.  p.  159. 

Jane  Austen's  mother  was  a  daughter  of 
the  Rev.  Thomas  Leigh,  a  younger  brother 
of  Theophilus.  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

It  appears  that  this  gentleman  was  the 
second  son  of  Theophilus  Leigh,  of  Adlestrop 
.and  Longborough,  by  his  second  wife,  the 
Hon.  Mary  Brydges,  eldest  daughter  of  Sir 
James  Brydges,  eighth  Baron  Chandos  of 
Sudeley ;  she  died  in  1703.  The  Hon. 
Mary  Brydges' s  second  brother,  Henry,  was 
Rector  of  Adlestrop  and  Prebendary  of 
Rochester.  TERTIUS. 

MR.  WILLIAM  WEARE  :  THURTELL  (11  S. 
iv.  244,  394,  458).— The  following  letter, 
referring  to  these  people,  appeared  in  The 
Times,  1820  :— 

"  SIR, — Notwithstanding  the  words  '  Front  i 
nulla  fides,'  1  think  we  are  seldom  deceived  in 
our  judgment  of  persons,  if  we  do  accurately 
•examine  their  exterior.  I  am  induced  to  make 
this  remark,  from  a  circumstance  which  occurred 
last  Sunday  week.  In  my  way  up  Conduit 
street  to  church,  my  attention  was  attracted  by 
a  very  smartly  dressed  man  and  his  companion, 
preparing  to  enter  a  gig,  standing  at  a  public 
house,  the  landlord  of  which  was  arranging  some- 
thing in  or  about  the  gig  for  them  ;  and  I  was 
insensibly  led  to  amuse  myself  by  surmising  in 
what  class  of  life  could  these  men  be,  who,  dressing 
•extravagantly  (as  one  certainly  was),  and  having 
a  gig,  live,  nevertheless,  at  a  dirty  public  house. 

"  The  men  were  not  ill  looking  in  the  face,  of 
good  height,  and  stout,  and  in  the  prime  of  life. 

"  I  looked  at  them,  or  rather  at  one  of  them, 
-very  attentively,  and  now  recall  that  my  looks 
-were  avoided. 

"  The  whole  appearance  was,  however,  so 
xinusual,  that  I  could  not  arrive  at  any  other 
conclusion,  but  that  there  was  very  great 
inconsistency. 

"  I  now  find,  by  your  paper,  and  by  an  inquiry 
I  made  at  the  public  house,  that  this  party  was 
the  murderer  John  Thurtell,  and  Hunt,  starting 
for  the  scene  of  their  outrage,  after  they  had 
•cleaned  themselves  from  the  dirt  they  had  received 
in  destroying  their  victim. 

"  How  frequently  do  we  find  that  inconsistency} 
trifling  as  it  may  appear  to  some,  is  the  forerunner, 
the  result,  or  the  companion  of  vice  J  S." 

D.  J. 


VANISHING  LANDMARKS  OF  LONDON  : 
THE  Swiss  COTTAGE  "  (11  S.  iv.  464,  514). 
— I  regret  to  hear  that  this  old  tavern  is 
about  to  become  a  thing  of  the  past,  as  it 
was  one  of  the  landmarks  of  my  boyhood. 
It  was  within  its  walls  that  Hocker,  after 
the  murder  of  Mr.  Delarue,  rested  for  a  time 
before  his  capture.  This  tragic  incident,  of 
which  an  account  will  be  found  in  Howitt's 
'  Northern  Heights,'  took  place  in  1843  or 
1844,  to  the  best  of  my  recollection  (I  am 
away  from  my  books),  and  created  an  im- 
mense excitement  in  the  St.  John's  Wood 
and  Hampstead  districts.  My  family  was 
residing  in  the  neighbourhood  at  the  time, 
and  one  of  my  earliest  recollections  is  of 
being  taken  by  my  nurse  to  view  the  scene 
of  the  murder  on  the  day  following  the 
tragedy.  Childish  memories  connected  with 
the  horrible  never  seem  to  fade,  and  I  yet 
have  before  my  mind's  eye  the  narrow  lane, 
bordered  with  hawthorn  hedges,  in  which 
the  crime  was  committed.  A  sketch  of  it, 
still  in  my  possession,  was  published  in 
The  Illustrated  London  News. 

W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 
[Hocker  was  executed  28  April,  1845.] 

THE  REV. ILIEF  (11  S.  iv.  210).— 

It  is  not  improbable  that  the  Rev.  Thomas 
Iliff,  of  Lincoln  College,  Oxford  (B.A.  1760), 
and  of  Nuneaton,  Warwickshire,  was  a 
master  at  Westminster  School.  He  was 
Curate  and  Lecturer  of  St.  Mary-le-Strand, 
Lecturer  of  St.  Michael  Bassishaw,  and 
Librarian  at  Westminster  Abbey.  He  re- 
sided during  many  years  in  Devereux  Court, 
Strand,  and  subsequently  in  Dean's  Yard, 
Westminster.  He  is  supposed  to  have  had 
eight  children  by  his  wife  Frances,  viz.  : 
Edward  Henry,  Thomas  (a  major  in 
the  H.E.I.Co.'s  service),  William,  Daniel, 
Richard,  Charles,  Frances,  and  Susannah 
(married  to  John  Morgan,  father  of  Sir 
Charles  Morgan,  and  subsequently  married 
to  the  Rev.  William  Bingley,  author  of 
'  Animal  Biography  ').  He  died  15  August, 
1803,  aged  66  years,  and  was  buried  at 
St.  Mary's,  Newington,  Surrey.  The  will 
of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Iliff,  of  Dean's  Yard, 
Westminster,  clerk,  dated  3  May,  1803,  was 
proved  in  the  P.C.C.  30  September,  1803 
(779  "Marriott"),  and  twice  subsequently 
(on  4  October,  1803,  and  10  August,  1822). 

The  eldest  son,  Edward  Henry  Iliff,  one  of 
the  residuary  legatees,  became  an  actor,  and 
for  some  time  played  in  an  inferior  capacity 
at  the  Haymarket  Theatre.  He  was  the 
author  of  '  A  Summary  of  the  Duties  of 
Citizenship,'  8vo  (1795);  'A  Tear  of 


538 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s.  iv.  DEC.  30, 1911. 


Sympathy  !  or,  Striking  Objects  of  Travel 
in  Italy,  Prussia,  Spain,  France,  Russia,  &c.,' 
12mo,  1796  ;  and  'Angelo,  a  Novel  founded 
on  Melancholy  Facts,'  12mo,  1796.  His 
wife,  Mary  or  Maria  (Palmer),  formerly  an 
actress,  wrote  '  Poems,  upon  Several  Sub- 
jects,' 12mo,  London,  1808;  2nd  ed.,  8vo, 
Malta,  1818. 

Frances  Iliff,  usually  styled  Mrs.  Wynd- 
ham,  was  the  mother  of  the  children  of  George 
O'Brien  (Wyndham),  third  Earl  of  Egre- 
mont. 

See  R.  Hovenden,  '  Monumental  Inscrip- 
tions in  the  Old  Churchyard  of  St.  Mary, 
Newington,  Surrey,'  part  i.,  1880,  p.  156; 
'  Biographical  Dictionary  of  Living  Authors,' 
1816,  p.  171  ;  Catalogue  of  the  Printed 
Books  in  the  British  Museum  ;  G.  E.  C.'s 
'  Complete  Peerage,'  s.n.  '  Egremont.' 

DANIEL  HIPWELL. 

AUTHORS  or  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (11  S. 
iii.  228).— 

The  bee  and  spider  by  a  diverse  power 
Suck  honey  and  poison  from  the  self-same  flow'r. 

Robert  Burton  in  speaking  of  his  book 
and  its  readers  has  a  comparison  which  illus- 
trates this  :  — 

"  Some  are  too  partial,  as  friends,  to  overween, 
others  come  with  a  prejudice  to  carp,  vilify, 
detract,  and  scoff  (qui  de  me  forsan,  quicquid  est, 
omni  conteniptu  contemptius  judicant)  ;  some  as 
bees  for  honey,  some  as  spiders  to  gather  poison." 
— 'Anatomy 'of  Melancholy,'  vol.  i.  p.  26  (Shil- 
leto's  ed.). 

Pope  in  his  '  Essay  on  Man,'  Ep.  i.  219,  has 
In  the  nice  bee,  what  sense  so  subtly  true 
From  pois'nous  herbs  extracts  the  healing  dew  ? 
The  spider  has  been  mentioned  in  the 
preceding  couplet.  Elwin  observes  in  a 
note  on  this  passage  of  Pope : — 

"  When  the  nectar  of  flowers  is  poisonous,  the 
bee  has  not  the  power  of  separating  its  noxious 
from  its  wholesome  properties,  nor  do  bees 
always  avoid  the  flowers  which  are  hurtful  to 
them." 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

"  HOXORIFICABTLITUDINITATIBUS  "  (11  S. 
iv.  487). — Certainly  it  is  absurd  to  build 
anything  upon  this  word,  as  it  is  so  much 
older  than  Elizabeth's  time.  It  is  duly 
given  in  Ducange,  with  a  quotation  from 
Albert  Mussato  (or  Mussati),  who  died  in 
1329  or  1330.  See  also  the  quotation  from 
Nashe  in  1599,  in  '  N.E.D.' 

WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

DANIEL  PURCELL  (11  S.  iv.  368). — Daniel 
Purcell  was  born  in  London  about  1660, 
and  died  in  1717.  His  compositions  include 
'  A  Lamentation  for  the  Death  of  Mr. 


Henry  Purcell.'  For  further  information 
see  '  Cathedral  Organists  Past  and  Present/ 
by  John  E.  West,  1899,  p.  120. 

CHAS.  HALL  CROUCH. 
62,  Nelson  Road,  Stroud  Green,  N. 

JANE  AUSTEN'S  'PERSUASION'  (11  S.  iv. 
288,  339,  412).—!.  The  author  seems  very 
partial  to  the  use  of  an  active  tense  where 
a  passive  would  now  be  insisted  on.  Thus 
in  '  Emma  '  I  find  : — 

"  The  proposal. .  .  .was  so  effectually  promoted 
that  soon  everything  was  clearing  away." 

"While  the  sleek,  well-tied  parcels  of  'Men's 
Beavers  '  and  '  York  Tans  '  were  bringing  down 
and  displaying  on  the  counter." 

"  Tea  was  carrying  round." 

4.  The  reference  to  Henry  and  Emma  is 
evidently  to  Prior's  version  of  '  The  Nut- 
brown  Maid '  rather  than  to  '  Speed  the 
Plough.'  N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

GUILD  OR  FRATERNITY  or  THE  BLESSED 
VIRGIN  MARY  (US.  iv.  490).— The  "  Frater- 
nity of  the  Blessed  Virgin  "  was  the  name  of 
the  Guild  of  Carpenters.  The  "  Guild  of 
the  Blessed  Virgin  Mary  "  was  that  of  the 
Shoemakers. 

From  the  members  of  these  and  the  other 
trade  guilds  of  Dublin  (numbering  in  all 
twenty-five)  the  Common  Council  men  were 
chosen  for  the  old  unreformed  Corporation 
of  Dublin. 

A  full  list  of  the  guilds  and  much  informa- 
tion about  them  will  be  found  in  War- 
burton,  Whitelaw,  and  Walsh's  '  History  of 
Dublin,'  vol.  ii.  p.  1064.  L.  A.  W. 

Dublin. 

ROBERT  SOUTHEY'S  LETTERS  (11  S.  iv. 
429). — For  a  notice  of  Whittle  Harvey  see 
2  S.  x.  109  :— 

"  While  alluding  to  Colchester  I  might  as  wetf 
make  a  Note  respecting  the  boyhood  of  Daniel 
Whittle  Harvey,  Esq.  When  under  articles  to  a 
solicitor  there,  named  Daniels,  the  aspiring 
youngster  scrawled  upon  a  wall  this  inscription  : 
D.  W.  Harvey,  Esq.,  M.P.  for  Colchester.  It 
nust  be  so.'  This  ambitious  dream  was  singu- 
larly enough  verified." 

Tymms's  'Family  Topographer,'  1832,  has 
Daniel  Whittle  Harvey,  Esq.,  M.P.,  Hare 
Hall,  Essex.  R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

Sandgate. 

HAMLET  AS  CHRISTIAN   NAME   (11   S.  iv. 
305,    395).  —  Hamlet,  or  (more  frequently) 
Hamblett,   is  still  to  be  found  in  Warring- 
ton,  both  as  surname  and  Christian  name.. 

C.  M. 

Warrington. 


us. iv. DEC. so,  1911.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


539 


MANZONI  :  '  PBOMESSI  SPOSI  '  (11  S.  iv. 
408). — The  translation  of  Manzoni's  romance, 
published  at  Pisa  in  1828  as  'The  Be- 
trothed,' was  made  by  C.  Swan.  See  B.M. 
Catalogue,  Clowes,  1886.  N.  W.  HILL. 


on 


Old  English   Libraries.       By  Ernest  A.    Savage. 

(Methuen  &  Co.) 

MR.  SAVAGE  is  an  enthusiastic  student  of  the 
development  of  literary  knowledge  in  England. 
He  sees  distinctly  that  any  one  seeking  to  under- 
stand the  mediaeval  mind  must  set  himself  to 
learn  what  books  influenced  educated  thought 
between  the  first  introduction  of  Christianity  and 
the  full  blossom  -time  of  the  Renaissance.  He 
therefore  begins  by  showing  how  the  early  Irish 
monasteries  derived  their  learning,  through  Gaul, 
from  Eastern  monachism  ;  and  how  the  beautiful 
manuscripts  which  they  eventually  produced 
played  a  part  in  the  civilization  of  England  and 
the  mainland  of  Europe.  It  was  the  followers  of 
the  Benedictine  rule  who  finally  established 
monastic  study  on  a  definite  plan,  although  it 
does  not  appear  that  the  rule  was  strictly  observed 
for  some  time  after  St.  Augustine  introduced  it 
into  England.  Progress  must  have  been  made 
in  some  fashion,  however,  both  in  the  southern 
counties  and  in  Northumbria,  which  became 
famous  for  the  learning  bestowed  on  it  by  Irish 
missionaries.  Mr.  Savage  relates  that  a  decree 
of  the  Council  held  at  Cloveshoe  in  747  pointed 
out  the  want  of  instruction  among  the  religious. 
Nevertheless,  England  was  in  high  repute  for 
its  scholars,  as  was  recognized  by  Charles  the 
Great  when  he  invited  Alcuin  to  his  Court  —  only 
a  few  years  before  the  Vikings  began  to  ravage 
Britain,  and  overwhelm  the  monasteries  with  a 
destruction  which  meant  the  loss  of  invaluable 
books.  Alfred  the  Great  "  bewailed  the  small 
number  of  people  south  of  the  Humber  who  under- 
stood the  English  of  their  service,  or  could  trans- 
late from  Latin  into  English."  Among  all  the 
cates  weighing  on  him,  he  found  courage  enough 
to  foster  the  national  literature,  with  the  result 
that  while  ecclesiastics  were  slaughtered  by 
piratical  hordes  of  pagans,  and  Latin  languished, 
work  could  yet  be  done  in  the  native  tongue.  For 
years  the  plight  of  the  monasteries  made  it  im- 
possible that  learning  should  prosper,  but  matters 
improved  under  the  influence  of  St.  Dunstan. 

After  the  Conquest  the  reformation  in  eccle- 
siastical affairs  which  was  brought  about  by 
Lanfranc  led  to  the  encouragement  of  know- 
ledge, and  the  production  of  accurate  texts 
of  patristic  books.  "  From  Lanfranc  to  the  close 
of  the  thirteenth  century  was  the  summer-time 
of  the  English  religious  houses  ----  During  this 
prosperous  age  some  of  the  great  houses  did 
their  best  work  in  writing  and  study."  When  a 
slow  decline  set  in,  the  coming  of  the  Friars 
imparted  fresh  energy  to  the  production  of  manu- 
scripts. Oxford  and  Cambridge,  too,  began  to 
do  good  work.  By  the  end  of  the  fourteenth 
century  a  few  books  were  usually  to  be  found  in  well- 
to-do  households,  and  the  custom  of  tale-tellers 
reciting  stories  from  memory,  or  reading  romances 
and  chronicles  to  an  audience  ill-provided  with  j 


manuscripts,  was  giving  way  to  a  more  individual 
use  of  literature.  In  the  middle  of  the  fifteenth 
century  book-collecting,  to  a  modest  degree,  was 
not  infrequently  practised.  Wills  and  inventories 
afford  testimony  that  before  the  end  of  Henry  VI.'s 
reign  the  first  impulse  of  the  Italian  Renaissance 
towards  the  study  of  Greek  and  Arabic  was  already 
producing  an  effect. 

To  make  his  account  of  the  slow  develop- 
ment of  English  letters  complete,  Mr.  Savage 
describes  the  methods  used  in  preparing 
and  adorning  manuscripts.  He  also  speaks  of 
the  curious  satchels  in  which  early  Irish  Christians 
kept  the  writings  which  they  had  beautified.  The 
book-boxes  and  book-rooms  of  a  much  later  age 
receive  the  attention  due  to  them,  and  the  author 
has  something  to  say  of  the  book-trade  as  it  existed 
a  little  before  the  discovery  of  printing.  Parch- 
ment-makers, scribes,  illuminators,  bookbinders, 
and  stationers  or  booksellers  all  interest  him. 
The  particular  importance  of  stationers  in  the 
Universities  is  carefully  explained.  By  1403  the 
Stationers'  Company  in  London  was  chartered. 
Grocers  also  sold  manuscripts,  parchment,  paper, 
and  ink.  King  John  of  France,  while  a  prisoner 
in  England  in  1360,  bought  paper  and  parchment 
from  the  grocers  of  Lincoln.  From  a  scribe  of 
Lincoln  he  bought  books,  some  of  which  are  now 
in  the  Biblioth£que  Nationale,  Paris.  Books- 
were  also  to  be  purchased  at  the  great  fairs. 
Though  the  monasteries  had  begun  by  producing- 
little  beyond  religious  and  grammatical  works, 
these  presently  proved  insufficient.  The  prejudice 
against  classical  Latin  literature  had  to  give  way. 
After  a  while  it  became  convenient  to  look  on  the 
works  of  some  heathen  authors  as  allegorical. 
"  Ovid  allegorized  contained  profound  truths  r 
his  '  Art  of  Love,'  so  treated,  was  not  unfit  for 
nuns."  Law  treatises  also  came  into  fashion, 
since  jurists  received  more  rewards  and  benefices 
than  theologians  and  philosophers.  Then  the 
stimulus  given  when  Greek  books,  and  Arabic 
versions  of  them,  became  obtainable  quickened! 
learning  with  new  energy.  It  was  in  the  four- 
teenth and  fifteenth  centuries  that  "  romances 
began  to  creep  into  all  the  libraries  save  the 
academic,  in  which  they  are  rarely  found."  The 
monks  added  some  to  their  collections,  probably 
a;b  first  that  they  might  be  copied  and  sold  to 
augment  the  monastic  income  ;  but  Mr.  Savage 
remarks  that  later  writers  echo  such  charges  as 
that  in  '  Piers  Plowman  '  which  declares  that  a 
friar  was  much  better  acquainted  with  the  '  Rimes 
of  Robin  Hood  '  and  '  Randal,  Erie  of  Chester/ 
than  with  his  Pater-noster.  It  cannot  be  doubted 
that  Piers  himself,  and  the  lays  relating  to  such 
heroes  as  Bevis,  Guy,  and  Havelok  the  Dane,  had 
great  influence  on  the  lives  of  illiterate  people. 
Even  cultivated  men  like  Bishop  Grosseteste 
enjoyed  listening  to  gestours  and  ballad-singers.. 
"  The  spun-out,  dreary  poems  which  now  make 
such  difficult  reading  are  infinitely  more  enter- 
taining when  read  aloud  :  the  voice  gives  life 
and  character  to  a  humdrum  narrative,  and  the 
gestour  would  know  how  to  make  the  best  of 
incidents  which  he  knew  from  experience  to  be 
especially  interesting  to  an  audience."  There  was 
nothing  to  prevent  him  from  improving  a  story 
when  a  telling  phrase  occurred  to  his  mind.  He 
might  also  dovetail  fresh  incidents  into  it.  IXo 
doubt  every  bear-baiting  or  church-ale  would  be 
entertained  with  a  slightly  different  version  of  the 
popular  narrative  of  the  day. 


540 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         m  s.  iv.  DEC.  so,  1911. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES.— DECEMBER. 

AMONG  items  of  interest  in  Mr.  H.  Dayey's 
Catalogue  31  are  Butler's  '  British  Birds,'  illus- 
trated, 6  vols.,  21.  10s.;  Richardson's  Novels, 
Library  Edition,  19  vols.,  31.  15s.;  the  National 
Edition  of  Shakespeare,  6  vols.,  1851,  11.  2s.  Qd.  ; 
the  Miniature  Edition,  40  vols.,  with  bookcase, 
II.  12s.  ;  and  Cowden  Clarke's  edition,  4  vols., 
1Z.  10s.  There  are  also  lists  under  America, 
Ireland,  London,  and  Sporting. 

Messrs.  Higham  &  Son's  Catalogue  505  con- 
tains the  library  of  a  retired  Irish  clergyman 
and  1,200  books  at  a  shilling  each.  Among  the 
more  important  entries  are  Martin's  '  Traictise 
declaryng  and  plainly  prouyng  that  the  pre- 
tended Marriage  of  Priestes  and  Professed 
Persones  is  no  Mariage,'  black-letter,  1554,  3Z.  3s. ; 
'  Jewish  Encyclopaedia,'  12  vols.,  2,000  illustra- 
tions, 10Z.  10s.  ;  Strype's  Works,  27  vols.,  1812- 
1828,  6Z.  10s.  ;  Expository  Times,  Vols.  I.-XX., 
41.  ;  Hibbert  Journal,  Nos.  1-37,  21.  10s.  ;  St. 
Augustine,  '  Opera  Ornnia,'  11  vols.  in  15,  1836, 
41.  ;  and  St.  Chrysostom,  '  Opera  Omnia,' 
13  vols.,  1834,  6Z.  There  are  also  lists  under 
Hymnology  and  Occult  Literature. 

Mr.  Edmund  Lister  of  Oldham  devotes  his 
Fourth  Catalogue  to  Book-Plates.  It  contains 
-descriptions  of  over  a  thousand  specimens,  and 
includes  the  book-plates  of  many  notable  men, 
such  as  Blackstone,  Buckle,  Cowper,  Julius 
Charles  Hare,  Joseph  Knight,  Joseph  Priestley, 
Southey,  Wordsworth,  and  Arthur  Young. 
Plates  by  Bewick,  Sherborn,  Bartolozzi,  and 
-other  artists  appear  in  the  Catalogue. 

Messrs.  Maggs  send  their  Catalogue  276,  Rare 
.and  Choice  Books.  The  title  is  fully  justified, 
there  being  numerous  specimens  of  beautiful 
bindings  and  literary  treasures,  besides  illu- 
minated Horse  ranging  in  price  from  12  OZ.  to 
•950Z.  Browning's  earliest  book,  '  Pauline,'  the 
rare  first  edition,  1833,  is  200Z.  ;  and  the  first 
.edition  of  Burns,  '  Poems,'  Kilmarnock,  1786, 
with  two  lines  of  '  The  Twa  Dogs  '  in  the  poet's 
autograph,  550Z.  There  is  also  the  collection  of 
•Cruikshank's  separate  engravings  formed  by 
•Capt.  Douglas,  all  inlaid  to  uniform  size,  and 
bound  by  Riviere  in  levant  morocco  extra,  1,500Z. 
"The  Dickens  entries  include  the  first  edition  of 
'  Sketches  by  Boz,'  the  original  20  numbers, 
112Z.  ;  and  a  set  of  55  Pickwick  Playing  Cards, 
with  illustrations  by  "  Kyd  "  of  the  principal 
Pickwickians,  45Z.  Under  French  Engraving  is 
a  collection  of  348  plates  by  the  Bonnarts  (father 
and  sons),  250Z.  A  collection  of  first  editions  of 
Thomas  Hardy,  40  vols.,  levant  morocco  extra, 
iis  120Z.  ;  and  a  similar  collection  of  Meredith, 
51  vols.,  calf  extra,  128Z.  10s.  There  are  also 
choice  items  under  Swinburne,  Tennyson,  and 
T.nckeray. 

Messrs.  Myers  include  in  their  Catalogue  175, 
under  Art,  a  copy  (one  of  25  only)  of  the 
Edition  de  Luxe,  on  Japanese  vellum,  of 
'  Jacob  Maris,'  by  T.  de  Bock,  with  90 
full  -  page  reproductions,  5Z.  (published  at 
J31Z.  10s.  net)  ;  and  the  original  issue  of 
Muther's  '  Modern  Painting,'  3  vols.,  2Z.  10s. 
'Under  Beardsley  are  a  complete  set  of  The  Savoy. 
3Z.  3s.  ;  '  Beardsley's  Early  Work,'  3Z.  3s.  ;  and 
-other  books  illustrated  by  the  same  artist. 


Wilde's  '  Salome",'  first  English  edition,  is  5Z.  5s.  ; 
Gould's  '  Birds  from  the  Himalayas,'  with 
80  coloured  plates,  10Z.  10s.  ;  Mrs.  Delany,  the 
two  series,  first  editions,  uncut,  5Z.  5s.  ;  a  large- 
paper  copy  of  Dibdin's  '  Northern  Counties,' 
with  the  plates  on  India  paper,  3  vols.,  uncut, 
6Z.  6s.  ;  an  extra-illustrated  copy  of  Gronow's 
'  Reminiscences,'  with  132  portraits  and  an 
autograph  letter  from  the  Duke  of  Wellington 
inserted,  extended  to  4  vols.,  bound  in  crushed 
morocco  extra,  15Z.  ;  Letchford's  illustrations  to 
Burton's  '  Arabian  Nights,'  71  plates  (proofs), 
atlas  folio,  6Z.  6s.  ;  Syntax's  three  '  Tours,'  fine 
copy,  10Z.  10s.  ;  '  English  Dance  of  Death,' 
first  edition,  HZ.  5s.,  and  the  '  Dance  of  Life,' 
uniform,  5Z.  15Z.  ;  a  coloured  view  of  St.  Helena, 
after  Huggins  by  Duncan,  7Z.  7s.  ;  and  Walpole's 
'  Royal  and  Noble  Authors,'  by  Park,  5  vols., 
crimson  morocco,  6Z.  10s. 

Mr.  G.  A.  Poynder  of  Reading  includes  in  his 
Catalogue  61  Bishop's  '  New  England  Judged,' 
1703,  21.  ;  Kolben's  '  Present  State  of  Cape  of 
Good  Hope/  1731,  1Z.  12s.  Qd.  ;  relics  of  McClin- 
tock's  voyage  in  search  of  Sir  John  Franklin  ; 
Bacon's  '  Essayes,'  original  calf,  1629,  3Z.  3s.  ; 
Maund's  '  Botanic  Garden,'  13  vols.,  fine  set,  1825- 
1851,  12Z.  10s.  ;  Dawkins's  '  Cave  Hunting,' 
the  first  copy  printed,  1873,  3Z.  ;  Royal  Society's 
Transactions,  39  vols.,  1857-90,  21Z.  ;  and 
Wiltshire  Archceological  and  Natural  History 
Magazine,  18  vols.,  1854-79,  7Z.  10s.  There  are 
also  scarce  works  on  natural  history,  early  editions 
of  Goldsmith,  first  editions  of  rare  items  by  Violet 
Fane,  and  addenda  of  interesting  old  prints. 

Mr.  Frank  Redway,  who  has  removed  to  9, 
Thornton  Road,  Wimbledon  Common,  includes 
in  his  Catalogue  of  Choice  and  Rare  Books 
(No.  10)  Americana  ;  first  editions  of  Bronte, 
Borrow,  Cruikshank,  Dickens,  Hardy,  Herrick's 
'  Hesperides,'  1648  (imperfect),  Kipling,  Lamb, 
Meredith,  Pater,  Rossetti,  Stevenson,  Swinburne, 
Thackeray,  Whistler,  Wilde,  and  Wordsworth  ; 
"  Association  "  Books  ;  and  a  collection  of  books 
illustrated  by  Kate  Greenaway,  W.  Crane,  Calde- 
cott,  and  others.  There  are  also  lists  under  Folk- 
lore, Ornithology,  and  Sporting. 

Mr.  C.  Richardson  of  Manchester  includes  in 
his  Catalogue  67  a  number  of  books  relating  to 
America  ;  a  copy  of  the  first  edition  of  Combe's 
'  English  Dance  of  Death  '  and  '  Dance  of  Life,' 
3  vols.,  original  cloth,  1815-17,  18Z.  10s.  ;  Calde- 
cott's  '  Complete  Collection  of  Graphic  Pictures,' 
folio,  cloth,  1888,  2Z.  Du  Fresnoy's  '  Art  of 
Painting,'  first  edition,  4to,  calf,  1695,  1Z.  10s.  ; 
Gladstone's  '  Studies  on  Homer,'  3  vols.,  1Z.  15s.  ; 
Motley's  Historical  Works,  original  Library 
Editions,  11  vols.,  7Z.  10s.  ;  Victor  Hugo's 
Novels,  Edition  de  Luxe,  13  vols,  3Z.  5s.  ;  first 
editions  of  Leigh  Hunt,  &c. 


t0  C0msp0ntonts. 


EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries'"  —  Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub- 
lishers "  —  at  the  Office,  Brea/n's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

COL.  CHIPPINUALL  ("  Washington  Irving's  'Sketch 
Book  '  ").—  Anticipated  ante,  p.  217- 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27,  1912. 


SUBJECT     INDEX. 


ELEVENTH    SERIES.— VOL.    IV. 


[For   classified     articles    see  ANONYMOUS    WORKS,    BIBLIOGRAPHY,    BOOKS    RECENTLY    PUBLISHED, 

EPITAPHS,    FOLK-LORE,  HERALDRY,      MOTTOES,    OBITUARY,     PLACE-NAMES,    PROVERBS      AND 

PHRASES,  QUOTATIONS,  SHAKESPEARIANA,    SONGS    AND     BALLADS,    SURNAMES,    and    TAVERN 
SIGNS.] 


Abbott  (Henry  Bethune),  Gray's  Inn,  1833,  149 
Abbott  (Col.  Sir  J.),  his  '  Constance '  and  '  Allaood- 

deen,'  228,  279,  337 

Abbott  (Mrs.  Jone)=John  Warner,  c.  1616,  174 
Abbott  (W.  H.),  his  '  Lyrics  and  Lays,'  published 

1867,  48,  94 
Abstracts  and  deeds  of  title,  the  preservation  of, 

148,  194,  216 

Accentuation  of  Latin  words,  448 
'  Account  of  some  Remarkable  Passages  in  the 

Life  of  a  Private  Gentleman,'  published  1708, 

305 
Act  against  profane  swearing,  public  reading  of, 

386 

Adams  (Mary)=Dr.  Zachary  Pearce,  c.  1721,  247 
Addenbrooke  (John),  Rector  of  Sutton,  1724,  410, 

497 

Affleck  (Gilbert),  Westminster  scholar,  1774,,  149 
African  analogue  to  Chaucer's  '  Pardoner's  Tale,' 

82  *r.- 

"  Agasonic,"  meaning  of  the  word,  28,  96  ^i 

Aishe  and  Gorges  families,  169 

Alabaster  (William),  Prebendary  of  St.  Paul's,  389. 

513 

Alabaster  boxes  of  love,  299 
Allen  (Cardinal  William),  his  coat  of  arms,  30,  78, 

116,  215,  258 

'  Alpine  Lyrics,'  published  1854,  the  author,  30,  94 
Alsop     (Timothy),    M.P.    Cromwell    .Parliament, 

date  of  his  death,  130 

"  America  "  as  a  Scottish  place-name,  469 
American  historical  documents,  from  1540,  268 
American  Indian  place-names,  Hoboken,  Oregon, 

86 

American  national  flower,  228,  352,  455 
American  scurrilous  epitaphs,  265 
Anderson  (Capt.  T.  A.),  his  military  career  c.  1803, 

355,  453 

Angell  family  of  Berks,  310 
Anglo-Saxon,  list  of  obsolete  words,  470 

Anonymous  Works :  — 

Account  of  some  Remarkable  Passages  in  the 

Life  of  a  Private  Gentleman,  305 
Catalogue  of  Honor,  488 
Caxton  Memorial,  bibliographical  pamphlet, 

268,  313 

Churches -of  Yorkshire,  14,  58 
Dives  and  Pauper,  321,  358,  527 
Essay  on  the  Theatre,  c.  1775,  247,  315,  355 
Letter,  poem,  88 

Mayfair,  in  Four  Cantos,  1827,  509 
Milieux  d'Art,  527 
Robbers'  Cave,  448 

St.  Aubin  ;   or,  The  Infidel,  a  novel,  28 
Velvet  Cushion,  published  1814,  288,  494 


Anquetil  family,  427 

Anstruther  (Robert),  M.P.  1793-4,  his  biography, 

Antigallican  Society,  c.  1780,  its  principles,  448, 

512 

Antiquities,  London,  museums  of,  34 
Anvil  cure  for  fever,  448 
Apophthegms  for  school  museum,  10 
Apparitions :  at  Bovingdon,  Herts,  30 ;  at  Pirton, 

Herts,  33,  134,  198 

"  Apssen  counter,"  meaning  of  the  phrase,  217,  256 
Aram  (Eugene),  newspapers  referring  to,  1759,  468  ; 

and  the  skeleton  at  Thistle  Hill,  488 
Arimathea  (Joseph  of),  legend  of  wooden  church, 

Glastonbury,  448 

Armorial  bearings  of  Queen  Mary  at  the  Corona- 
tion, 1911,  467 

Armour,  the  rating  of  clergy  for,  468,  532 
Arms,  British  Royal,  in  Milan,  290 
Army,  British,  pigtails  worn  in,  17 
Army  bandmasters   and  the  officers'   mess,   247. 

296,  364 

Arno,  origin  of  the  surname,  290,  376 
Arnold  (John)  of  Highnam,  1522,  110 
Arnold  (Matthew)  on  hurry  of  modern  life,  37 ; 

his  French  quotation,  149 

Arnold  (Dr.  Thomas)  and  '  Humphry  Clinker,'  348 
Arnold  (Sir  Nicholas),  d.  1580,  his  descendants,  42, 

110,  174 

Arnold,  Griffin,  and  Wilkes  families,  249 
Arno's  Grove,  origin  of  the  place-name,  528 
Artists,  water-colour,  biographical  details  of,  129 
Arundel   (Sir  John)  of  Clerkenwell,   c.   1588,  32, 

97,  217 
"  As  dark  as  a  stack  of  black  cats,"  meaning  of 

the  phrase,  287 
"  As  sure  as  God  made  little  apples,"  use  of  the 

phrase,  289,  377 
Ashby  (William),  Ambassador  to  Scotland  1588, 

90,  105 
Ashley,  or  Astley  (Katherine),  governess  to  Queen 

Elizabeth,  13,  52 

Ashton  (Sir  William),  M.P.  1624,  his  biography,  16 

1  Aske  (Robert)  of  Aughton,  1537,  and  a  MS.  on,  441 

"  Aspinshaw,   Leather  Lane,   London,"  name  on 

18th-century  printing  press,  290,  399 
Astley,  or  Ashley  (Katherine),  governess  to  Qxieen 

Elizabeth,  13,  52 

Astrsea  =--  Queen  Elizabeth,  poetical  name,  69 
'  Astrology  '  and  '  Encyclopaedia  Britannica,'  26 
Astwell  Castle  and  Manor,  Noi-thants.  its  owners, 

189 

Asylums,  private,  and  lunatics,  209,  251,  395,  499 
Austen  (Jane),  at  Southampton,  c.  1806,  67  ;  ex- 
pressions and  allusions    in  '  Persuasion,'    288, 

339,  412,  538 


542 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


Authors,  Elizabethan,  and  their  proofs,  86 
Aviation:  in  1811,5,75,  496;   in  1911,  Taxi-Aero 

at  Lucerne,  5 

Avignon,  railway  notice,  1790,  126 
Axford  family,  289,  399 
Aylmer's  '  History  of  Ireland,'  1650,  327 
Aynescombe,  Surrey,  its  locality,  130,  238 

B  and  G  confused  in  Domesday  and  Feudal  Aids,  17 
Babington  (Charles  Cardale),  his  birth,  229 
*'  Backseat  "  :   "  Take  a  back  seat,"  7 
Bacon  family  of  Wiltshire,  189,  239 
Baddeley  (Richard),  1620,  his  biography,  78 
Badger  '(William),    Mayor   of   Winchester,    1597, 

his  parentage,  68 

Bagstor  surname,  its  derivation,  170,  213,  417 
Baif  (J.  A.  de),  c.  1532,  and  the  Earl  of  Surrey,  365 
Bainbridge  (W.),  'Alpine  Lyrics,'  1854,  30,  94 
Baker  family  of  Sissinghurst,  209 
Ball  (Robert  ?),  Mayor  in  Devonshire,  c.  1810,  389 
Balliol  (John),  c.  1260,  imaginary  scandal,  225,  333 
Balmerino  (Lord),  his  funeral,  1746,  224 
Balzac  (H.  de),  books  comparing  him  with  Shake- 
speare, 509 

Bandmasters  of  the  Army,  commissioned,  364 
Bandmasters  of  the  Army  and  the  officers'  mess. 

247,  296,  364 

Bankes  (John),  haberdasher,  d.  c.  1720,  387 
Banks  (Robert),  bookseller  in  Stirling,  1765,  305 
Baptism,  certificates  of,  of  Wilson  family,  470 
Bardsey  family,  488 
Barham  (R.)»  "Sir  de  Lacy  "  at  the  Coronation, 

1838,  166;   rebus  in  '  Ingoldsby,'  170,  216 
Barnard    (Dr.),    Provost    of    Eton,    1765-81,    his 

mother  and  grandmother.  50 
Barna.rd  (Mr.),  painted  by  J.  Downman,  1777,  328, 

458 

Barnard  family,  328,  478 
Barracks.  Portobello,  Dublin,  regiments  at,  1828- 

1840,  50 
Barriers  of  Paris,  date  of  their  removal,  230,  293, 

338 

Barrows  :     long  barrows   and   rectangular   earth- 
works, books  on,  152 
Bassett  or  Bassock  family,  446 

Bassnett  (Christopher),  b.  1677,  his  biography,  345 
Bassnett  family,  345 
"  Bast,"  meaning  of  the  word,  7,  74 
Battle  of  Maida,  regiments  present  at,  110,  171, 

232,  271,  334,  492 

Battle  on  the  Wey,  1274,  24,  77,  113 
Baty  (Mary)  =  John  Raine,  c.  1783,  229 
Beards,  soldiers  allowed  to  grow  them,  386,  458 
Beauchamp  (Lord).  1741,  170,  339 
Beauclerk  family,  468 
Beaumont  and  Fletcher,  and  '  Monsieur  Thomas,' 

345 

"  Bed  of  roses,"  use  of  the  phrase,  126,  176,  216 
Bedford  Fair,  baked  pears  sold  at,  309,  371 
Behmen    (Jacob),    German   philosopher,    and   Sir 

Henry  Vane,  367 

Belgian  coin  with  Flemish  inscription,  88,  176,  279 
Bell  (Beaupre),  d.  1745,  place  of  burial,  528 
Bell  (Richard)  and  Frank  Buckland,  c.  1873,  245 
Bellini  (Giovan.),  his  portrait  of  Aldus  Manutius, 

130 

Bells  of  Bosham,  legend  of,  286 
Bell-turret,  church  with  wooden,  457 
Belly  and  the  body,  the  story,  9,  76 
Belper  churchyard,  epitaphs  in,  525 
Ben.  (Jo.),  his  '  Descriptio '  of  Orkney,  c.  1582,  89 
Bennett,  Lancashire  murderer,  date  of  his  crime, 

429 


Bennetto  family,  c.  1588,  448 

Benson    (Thomas),    d.    1824,    "  Master  of   Garra- 

way's,"  90 

Bentley  (Barbara  )=  Thomas  Raynsford,  408 
Bequest,  1695,  to  supply  Bibles  annually,  449 
Berri  (Duchesse  de)  et  de  St.  Leu,  her  identity, 

368 
Besant   (Sir  Walter),  his   "  Ready-Money  Morti- 

boy,"  205  . 
"  Best  of  all  Good  Company,"  series  of  books,  1878, 

508 

Beszant  family  of  Wiltshire,  250 
Bewick  (Thomas),  engravings  in  his  works,  283 
Bhreachan's  Cauldron  or  Corrie  Bhreachan,  Scotch 

place-name,  10,  58.  97,  137 
Bible,  "  but  "  ="  without  "  in  the,  26,  78,  158 
Bibles,  with  curious  readings,  158,  217,  259,  315; 

Lord  Wharton's  bequest,  1695,  449 
'  Biblia  Aurea,'  belonging  to  Charles  I.,  70, 113, 179 

Bibliography  :— 

Aylmer's  '  History  of  Ireland,'  1650,  327 

Bewick  (Thomas)',  283 

'  Biblia  Aurea,'  belonging  to  Charles  I.,  70, 

113,  179 

Biography  published  in  five  newspapers,  165 
Burton  (Robert),  44 
'Caesar's  Dialogue,'  1601,  287 
Cassiterides,  Scilly  Isles,  and  Lyonesse,  286 
'  Caxton  Memorial,'  268,  313 
Christmas,  503 

Coull  (Thomas),  his  London  histories,  230 
County  bibliographies,  488 
Daniel's  '  Whole  Workes,'  344 
De  Quincey's  '  Opium-Eater,'  466 
Dickens 's  '  Pickwick    Papers,'    first    edition, 

248.  292,  352 

'Dives  and  Pauper,'  321,  358,  527 
Drummond  (William),  487 
Elizabeth  (Queen),  observance  of  her  acces- 
sion day,  439 
Gordon  (Rev.  Patrick),  his  '  Geography,'  188, 

237 

Heraldic  visitations,  MS.,  29 
Holinshed,  246 

Mytton  and  Hardwicke  MSS.,  327,  417 
Omar  Khayyam,  328,  358,  497 
St.  Columb  and  Stratton  accounts,  c.   1547, 

7,  74 

Strawberry  Hill,  207,  251 
Thiers's  '  Traite  des  Superstitions,'  530 
Wesley  journals,  369 
'  Young  Man's  Companion,'  449 
Bill  of  Rights  Society,  1769,  its  minute-book,  388 
Birch  (W.  H,),  organist  of  Amersham,  1855,  348, 

433 

Birds,  drawings  of,  1760,  150,  190 
'  Birth  of  Merlin,'  play,   1614-23,   128,   178,  235, 

295,  395 

Bishops  addressed  as  "  My  Lord,"  508 
Bishop's    Stortford,    Queen    Elizabeth's    visit   to, 

27,  72 

Bishopsgate  Street  Without,  its  history,  118 
Blaquiere  (Lord  de)  and  Sampson  family  of  York- 
shire, 138 

Blincoe  (Robert),  his  burial-place  and  memorial,  10 
Blue  and  Orange,  Loyal  and  Friendly  Society,  170 
"  Blue  fish  "  from  nautical  song,  its  meaning,  108, 

157 

"  Blue  Peter  "  =British  signal  flag,  108,  157 
Blue  Rod,  Usher  of  the,  18 

Board  of  Green  Cloth,  history  and  officials  of,  89, 
137,  234 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


INDEX. 


543 


Boatman,  murderous  London,  1586,  16 

Bobart  (Tilleman)  of  Woodstock,  305 

Bode  (John),  1639,  his  biography,  369,  494 

Body  and  the  belly,  the  story,  9,  76 

Boleyn  family,  various  spellings  of  the  name,  465 

Boleyn  or  Bullen  family  in  Ireland,  6,  465 

''Bombay  duck"=a  fish  called  bummelo,   187, 

238,  335 
"Bon  Chretien"  pears,  origin  of  the  name,  309, 

372 
Bonaparte  (Napoleon)  :   his  surgeon  at  St.  Helena, 

167,  216  ;   relic  in  India  of,  284  ;   his  "  Imperial 

Guard,"  289,  350  ;    and  David  II.  of  Scotland, 

historical  parallel,  525 

Bonar  &  Co.,  London  firm  established  150  years,  31 
Book,  printed,  bequeathed  in  will  1507,  106 
Bookbindings,  early  English,  c.  1200-1450,  468 
Book-plates  :  of  Buckeridge  family,  150  ;  of  Moyle 

family,  210  ;    of  Richard  JEneas  Spurring,  289 
Books  in  wills,  106 

Books  recently  published:— 

Broughton's    (John     Cam    Hobhouse,   Lord) 

Recollections  of  a  Long  Life,  420 
Cambridge :     University  of  Cambridge,  Vol. 

IIL,byMullinger,  239 
Cambridge    History    of     English    Literature, 

ed.    by  A.  W.    Ward   and  A.    R,  Waller, 

Vol.  VII.,  439 
-Coleridge's  Biographia  Epistolaris  :    being  the 

Biographical    Supplement    of     Coleridge's 

*  Biographia    Literaria,'     with    Additional 

Letters,  &c.,  ed.  by  A.  Turnbull,  199 
'Concise  Oxford  Dictionary,  adapted  by  H.  W. 

and  F.  G.  Fowler,  179,"  223 
De  Quincey,  edited  by  S.  Low,  300,  426 
Dowden's    (Dr.    J.)    The    Church    Year   and 

Kalendar,  39 

Enfield,  Account  of,  by  Capt.  Whitaker,  318 
"Escott's     (T.     H.     S.)    Masters    of    English 

Journalism,  399 

Field's  (C.)  A  Dictionary  of  Oriental  Quota- 
tions (Arabic  and  Persian),  218 
Fournier's   (A.)   Napoleon  I.  :    a  Biography, 

200 
Furnivall  (Frederick    James)  :     a  Volume  of 

Personal  Record,  379 
•Godfrey's  (W.  H.)  A  History  of  Architecture 

in  London,  260 
•Gosset's    (A.   L.    J.)    Shepherds   of    Britain: 

Scenes  from  Shepherd  Life,  79 
Hardy  (Thomas)    Dictionary,    by    Saxelby, 

460 
Harvey's  (A.)  The  Castles  and  Walled  Towns 

of  England,  180 
Jaggard's  (W.)  Shakespeare  Bibliography  :    a 

Dictionary  of  every  Known  Issue  of  the 

Writings  of  our  National  Poet,  59 
Jones's  (W.  L.)  King  Arthur  in  History  and 

Legend,  460 
Law's     (E.)     Some     Supposed     Shakespeare 

Forgeries,  180 
Leach's    (A.    F.)    Educational    Charters    and 

Documents,  299 
Longman's  (E.  D.)  and  Loch's  (S.)  Pins  and 

Pincushions,  519 
Macray's     (W.     D.)     Register    of    Magdalen 

College,    Oxford,    New    Series,    Vol.    VII., 

Fellows  1882-1910,  280 
Melville's  (F.  J.)  Chats  on  Postage  Stamps, 

Morris's  (J.  E.)  An  Introduction  to  the  Study 
*  of  Local  History  and  Antiquities,  99 


Books  recently  published:— 

Mullinger's  (J.  B.)  The  University  of  Cam- 
bridge, Vol.  III.,  239 
Napoleon  L,  by  Fournier,  200 
New    English    Dictionary :     Scouring-Sedum 
(Vol.    VIII.),   by   H.    Bradley  ;     Si-Simple 
(Vol.  IX.),  by  W.  A.  Craigie,  159 
Oxford:       Register     of     Magdalen     College 

Vol.  VII.,  ed.  Macray,  280 
Records  of  the  English  Bible  :  the  Documents 
relating  to  the  Translation  and  Publication 
of  the  Bible  in  English,  1525-1611,  ed.  by 
A.  W.  Pollard,  18 

Savage's  (E.  A.)  Old  English  Libraries,  539 
Saxelby's    (F.    O.)    A    Thomas    Hardy    Dic- 
tionary :    the  Characters  and  Scenes  of  the 
Novels  and  Poems,  460 
Scots    Dialect    Dictionary,    compiled   bv   A 

Warrack,  118 

Scott  (Sir  W.),  Woodstock,  ed.  Gage,  399 
3eligmann's  (C.  G.  and  B.  Z.)  The  Veddas,  139 
Shakespeare  :    Shakespeare  Bibliography,  by 
Jaggard,     59;      Some     Supposed     Shake- 
speare   Forgeries,    by    Law,    180 ;     Corio- 
lanus,  ed.  Verity,  340 

Skeat's  (Rev.  W.  W.)  English  Dialects  from 

the  Eighth  Century  to  the  Present  Day,  499 

Specimens   of  Bushman  Folk-lore,   collected 

by  the  late  W.  H.  I.  Bleek,  Ph.D.,  and  L.  C. 

Lloyd,  and  edited  by  the  latter,  358 

Swift   (Jonathan),  Correspondence,   Vol.  II.. 

ed.  Ball,  460 
Thompson's  (A.  H.)  The  Historical  Growth  of 

the  English  Parish  Church,  479 
Ward's  (J.)  The  Roman  Era  in  Britain,  340 
West's  (G.  H.)  Gothic  Architecture  in  Eng- 
land and  France,  118 

Whitaker's    (Capt.    C.    W.)    An    Illustrated 
Historical  and  Topographical  Account  of 
the  Urban  District  of  Enfield,  318 
Booksellers'  Catalogues,  19,  40,  60,  80,  100,  120, 
140,  160,  220,  320,  359,  400,  440,  479,  519,  540 
Book-titles,  punning,  for  sham  books,  230 
"  Borrowing  days  "  and  the  weather,  55 
Bosham,  legend  of  the  bells  of,  286 
Bourchier  family  and  Oliver  Cromwell's  wife,  209 
Bovingdon,  Herts,  apparition  at,  30 
Box,  metal,  unearthed  in  priory  grounds,  its  use, 

208,  258 
Bradshaw  (Henry),  the  regicide,  his  descendants, 

344,  456 
Breda  Cathedral  font,  privilege  attached  to,  temp. 

William  III.,  227 

Bretagne  (Eleanor  of),  manner  of  her  death,  464 
Bridal  stones,  holed,  origin  of,  227,  463,  533 
Bridges  being  repaired,  straw  under,  508 
Bright  (John),  his  writings  in  "  The  Best  of  all 

Good  Company  "  series,  508 

Bright  (Timothy),  his  '  Treatise  on  English  Medi- 
cines,' 1580,  464,  531 
Brisbane  (Sir  T.  Makdougall),  his  descent  from 

Robert  the  Bruce,  34 
Brisbane  family,  49,  217 
Bristol  board,  earliest  manufacture  of,  8 
Bristol  Cathedral  clock,  the  maker,  348,  437 
Bristol  M.P.'s :  Sir  A.  Hart  and  Sir  J.  Knight,  247, 

291,  372 

'  British  Critic,'  changes  in  title,  11,  73 
British  Isles,  statues  and  memorials  in,  181,  361 
British  Museum,  earliest  guide,  1761,  205 
Brittany,  Christmas  customs  and  folk-lore,  501 
Broadbent  family  portraits,  1650-1800,  530 


544 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


"  Broken    counsellor,"     1709,    meaning    of    the 

phrase,  368,  458,  496 

Bromley,  Kent,  epitaphs  in  churchyard,  524 
Bromley  (William),  his  coat  of  arms,  188 
Brown    (Jessie)  and  the  relief  of    Lucknow,  328, 

416,  439 
Brown  (Mrs.),  alluded  to  by  Mary  Wollstonecraft, 

1784,  208 
Brown  (Private  T.)»  1743,  sign  commemorating, 

at  Yarm,  448,  514 

Browne  (Sir  Thomas),  1605-82,  on  books,  386 
Browning  (Reuben)  and  Latin  inscription,  249 
Browning  (Robert),  Kingsley's  rime  on,  330 
Bruce  (Robert),  Earl  of  Ross,  his  mother,  268 
Buckeridge  family,  book-plates  of,  150 
Buckland  (Frank)  and  Richard  Bell,  245,  295 
Bulfin,  Bulfinch,  surnames,  158 
Bullen  or  Boleyn  family  in  Ireland,  6,  465 
Bullyvant,  Buttyvant,  surnames,  18,  117,  158 
Buhner  (Bevis),  d.  c.  1615.  mining  engineer,  401 
Bulmer     (Lady),     alias     Margaret     Cheyne,     her 

character,  448 
Bunyan  (J.),    suppressed    passage   in  2nd  ed.  of 

'  Pilgrim's  Progress,'  25,  239  ;  Dr.  Johnson  and 

'Pilgrim's  Progress,'  408,  492 
Burgh -on-Sands,  pronunciation,  409,  457 
Burghal  Hidage  defence  scheme,  c.  878,  2 
Burial  in  woollen  and  "  dolberline,"  368,  498 
Burial  inscriptions :   London  burial-grounds,   32  ; 

at   St.   John's,   Westminster,    302,    403  ;    pub- 
lished, 348,  416.     See  also  Inscriptions. 
Burke  (Edmund)  and  Miss  Hickey,  129 
Burns    (Robert)    and    '  The    Wree    Wee    German 

Lairdie,'  poem,  14,  52 
Burrell  family,  389 

"  Bui-sell,"  meaning  of  the  word,  29,  73 
Burton  (Robert),  his  library,  44 
"  Burway,"  place-name,  its  meaning,  169,  478 
"  But  "  ="  without  "  in  the  Bible,  26,  78,  158 
Butler  (Dr.),  his  pictures  in  1618,  489 
Butler  or  Le  Botiler  family,  310,  394 
Buttyvant,  Bullyvant,  surnames,  18,  117,  158 
Byles  (Rev.  Mather)  and  Alexander  Pope,  166 
Byron  (Lord),  quoted  in  court  of  justice,  48  ;  and 

Heine,  290,  338 

'  Ca  Ira,'   played  by  English  military  band,  27, 

158,  199 
Cahoon  or   Colquhoun   (Sir  Humphrey),   d.  1722, 

118 
Calais,  Guild  of  Merchants  of  the  Staple  of,  1661, 

507 

Caldwall  (James),  artist,  date  of  his  death,  405 
Campbell  (Admiral  Donald),  his  parentage,  68 
Campbell  (Thomas),  his  poem  '  Napoleon  and 

the  English  Sailor,'  107,  156 
Campbell  (W.),  Scottish  giant,  exhibited  c.  1877, 

130,  198 

Canal,  Military,  at  Sandgate,  23 
Canons,  estate  near  Edgware,  261 
Capell     (Avice),     or     Mrs.     Jone     Abbott  =  John 

Warner,  c.  1616,  174 
Caracciolo  family,  69,  136,  173,  212 
"  Caratch,"  meaning  of  the  word,  189,  237 
Card  (Henry),  his  parentage,  528 
Carlyle    (Thomas)    and    "  Schicksal    und    eigene 

Schuld,"  13,  57 
'  Carmagnole,'    a     French     revolutionary    hymn 

played  by  English  military  band,  27,  158,  199 
Carolina,  South,  newspapers,  1732-74,  168 
Carpenter,    Cressingham,    Spettigue,    and    Rowe 

families,  24,  77,  113 
Carpenter  family  of  Somerset,  arms  of,  527 


Cartoons,  Raphael's,  copied  by  Le  Blon.  1729,  269 
Cartulary  of  Hulton  Abbey,  its  possessor,  1911, 367 
Casanova,  in  England,  1764,  382,  461 ;  characters 

in  his  '  Me" moires,'  462 
Casaubon   (Edward),  his  blood  "  semicolons  and 

parentheses,"  507 
Cassiterides,  Scilly  Isles,  allusions  to,  by  modern 

writers,  286 

Castle  Howard  Mabuse,  breed  of  two  dogs  in,  227 
Catholick  as  surname,  529 
'  Caudle's  (Mrs.)  Curtain  Lectures,'  a  substitution, 

464 
Causeur  (Jean),  centenarian  of  Brittany,  d.  1775, 

379 

Cave  glass,  Shetland  term,  its  meaning,  108 
Cavendish  Square,  equestrian  statue  removed,  527 
Caversham,  Chapel  of  St.  Anne,  c.  1350,  509 
'  Caxton     Memorial,'     bibliographical    pamphlet, 

1880,  268,  313 

Celtic  legend  of  the  Crucifixion,  106 
Centenarians  :    Jean  Causeur,  d.  1775,  379  ;    Dr. 

William  Mead,  d.  1652,  310,  379  ;   Henry  Oliver, 

446  ;     Catherine   Parr,   d.    1792,   378  ;     Robert 

Parr,  d.  1757,  tombstone  inscription,  309,  378 
Cercle  des  Nations  in  London,  c.  1880,  258 
Ceylon,  officials  and  writers,  &c.,  268, 313, 355, 453 
"  Ch,"  its  pronunciation  in  Early  English,  285,  412 
Channel  Tunnel  and  Mr.  Gladstone,  verses  on,  108 
Chapels,  proprietary,  in  London,  434 
Chaplains,  their  status,  208 
Charlemagne,  his  kindred,  168 
Charles  I.,  his  '  Biblia  Aurea,'  70,  113,  179 
Charles,  Prince  of  Bourbon-Capua,  his  biography, 

57 

Charm,  hands  clasped  over  running  water,  250,  394 
Charms  to  cure  warts,  446 

Charpillon  (Ma.rianne)  and  Casanova,  382,  461 
Chartist  memorial  at  Ancoats,  524 
Chaucer  (G.),  his  '  Pardoner's  Tale,'  African  ana- 
logue, 82 

Cheese,  Limburger,  and  coffin,  short  story,  29 
Chelvey  Church,  Somerset,  inscription  in,  289 
Chesham  Bois,  Bucks,  churchyard  inscriptions,  123 
Chess  and  duty,  a  comparison,  88 
Chester  Cathedral,  epitaphs  in,  265 
Cheyne  (Margaret),  Lady  Bulmer,  her  character, 

448 

China,  curious  use  of  needles  in,  506 
Chingford  Mount  Cemetery,  epitaph  in,  525 
Chirbury  (Bishop)  at  Rhoscrowther,  1451,  349 
Christian  names  :   Friday,  310,  395,  454  ;   Hamlet, 

305,  395,  538  ;    Helwis  or  Elwis,  266  ;    Hulda, 

249,  315,  337,  455  ;  Lugidio,  10  ;  Patience,  65 
Christmas,  in  Brittany,  501 ;  bibliography  of,  503  ; 

its  name  in  European  languages,  505 
Church,  French,  rebuilt  after  Fire  of  London,  9, 

336  ;     built   on   wall,    Silchester,    Hants,    235  ; 

closed  on  vicar's  death,  1827,  286  ;  with  wooden 

bell-turret,  457 
'  Church    Historians    of    England,'    published   by 

Seeley,  1853,  58,  117,  154,  253 
Churches  built  during  the  Commonwealth,  18 
'  Churches  of  Yorkshire,'  1844,  its  writers,  14,  58- 
Churchill,  derivation  of  the  surname,  233,  434,  491 
Churchyard  inscriptions  :    Chesham  Bois,  Bucks, 

123  ;    St.  Olave's,  Silver  Street,  385.     See  also- 

Inscriptions. 

Churchyards,  yews  in,  63,  155 
Cibber    (Colley),    his    marriage,    1693,    366 ;    his 

'Apology,'  381,  475,  535 
City  station,  otter  killed  at,  446 
Civil  War.  lists  of  Cornish  officers  and  men,  228,. 

272 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


INDEX. 


545 


Clarke    (Daniel),    newspaper   advertisements   for 

1759,  488 
€larke   (Misses),  c.   1777,  their  Christian  names, 

328,  458 

Clarke  (Rev.  T.),  Rector  of  Chesham  Bois,  98 
Claypans,  house  of  Knights  Hospitallers,  Kent,  87 
Cleopatra's   Needles,  Alexandre   Dumas   on,  246, 

O  4  4 

Clergy  rated  for  armour,  earliest  date  of,  468,  532 
Clerks  of  the  Peace,  their  signature,  369 
Clive  (Kitty),  actress,  b.  1711,  her  epitaph,  185 
Clock  of  Bristol  Cathedral,  its  maker,  348,  437 
Clocks,  grandfather,  in  France,  509 
Clothiers,  Guild  of,  in  16th  and  17th  centuries,  8, 

50, 118 

Clubs:  Whig  club  book,  from  1784,  46;  Club 
Etranger  at  Hanover  Square,  c.  1787,  179,  216, 
258 ;  Miles  &  Evans's  Club,  St.  James's  Street, 
1785,  269,  312 ;  Dr.  Wolcot  connected  with 
Oyster  Club,  329 
Cock-fighting,  picture  of,  on  Coronation  mugs,  366 

*  Cockles  and  Mussels,'  composer  of  the  song,  408 
"  Cockrod,"  meaning  and  derivation  of  the  word, 

526 
4C  Cockshoot,"    meaning    and    derivation    of    the 

word,  526 

Coffin  and  Limburger  cheese,  short  story,  29 
Coins:  Belgian,  with  Flemish  inscription,  88,  176, 

279  ;  French,  Republic  and  Empire,  "An  13.  0," 

149,  211,  255  ;  French,  with  obverse  impression 

on  reverse,  230 
Cole  Abbey,  inscriptions  in  St.  Nicholas'  Church, 

184 

Coleridge  (S.  T.)  and  "  Haud  tibi  spiro,"  65,  198 
College  Fellowship  sold  in  1591,  227 
Collet  (Sir  James),  Master  of  Fruiterers'  Company, 

1697,  188 
Colonies,   their   arms,  illustrated   book   on,    368, 

436 

Colquhounor  Cahoon  (Sir  Humphrey),  d.  1722, 118 
Coltman  family,  530 

Commonwealth,  churches  built  during  the,  18 
""  Complain,"   its  meaning  in   Gray's    '  Death   of 

Richard  West,'  229,  276 

*  Complete  Baronetage,'  additions  and  corrections, 

306 

Comyn  (Eli),  c.  1350,  his  arms  and  heirs,  189 
'  Concise  Oxford  Dictionary,'  answer  to  criticism, 

223 
Conolly  (Father  James),  hymn- writer,  d.  c.  1905, 

his  biography,  429,  496 
'  Convict  Ship,'  author  of  verses,  468 
Cook  (Capt.  James),  memorial  to,  30 
Cooper    (Fenimore),    his    '  The    Prairie,'    literary 

parallel,  225 
Corbett  (Charles),  Bart.,  bookseller,  d.  1808,  148, 

197,  313,  374 

•Cormell  (Cambridge),  Westminster  scholar,  389 
Cornish  genealogy  and  the  Civil  War,  228,  272 
Coronation,  1838,  Mr.  Barney  Maguire  on,  166 
Coronation,  1911,  and  West  Indians,  41  ;  Queen 

Mary's  armorial  bearings,  467 

Coronation  mugs,  picture  of  cock-fighting  on,  366 
Coronations,  mitres  worn  at,  27,  72 
Corpse,    touched    at    funerals,  48,  95,   178,   434; 

bleeding   in  presence  of  murderer  and  of  loved 

friends,  54 

Corradini  (Signora),  Italian  dancer,  c.  1767,  268 
'  Correspondence  Prive'e,'  paper  printed  in  London 

c.  1822,  230 
Corrie     Bhreachan,     or     Bhreachan's     Cauldron, 

Scotch  place-name,  10,  58,  97,  137 
•Cotton  (Charles),  motto  of  his  '  Angler,'  367 


histories,  published 

County  bibliographies,  topographical,  488 
Courayer  (Peter),  d.  1776,  his  work  on  Anglican 

orders,  translations  of,  330,  413 
Court  Leet,  Hampstead  Manor  Court,  1911,  526 
"  Cousin  and  counsellor,"  royal  greeting,  529 
Coverham  breed  of  white  horses,  206 
Covert  (Cockerell),  Westminster  scholar,  1722,  389 
Covert  (Sir  W.)  and  Thynne  family  of  Longleat, 

Cow,  "  hacket,"  meaning  of  the  word,  445 

Cow  and  viper  folk-lore,  147 

Cowper  (W.) :    his  "  Langford  of  the  show,"  109, 

151,  215  ;    and  Rev.  Samuel  Greatheed,  347  ; 

his  poem,  '  Progress  of  Error,'  389,  455 
Cowper  and  Lowther  families,  457,  518 
Creed,  farmer's,  from  18th-century  jug,  6 
Cressingham,  Carpenter,  and  Rowe  families,  24, 

4 4 5    1 lo 

Cricket  match,  1774,  names  of  the  players,  430 
Cromwell  (O.),  and  "  Think  it  possible  that  you 

may  be  wrong,"   68,    117  ;    his  wife's   descent, 

209.     See  Cromwelliana. 
Cromwell  (Richard),  lines  on,  c.  1621,  207 
Cromwell  (Thomas)  of  Essex,  c.  1750,  509 
Cromwelliana  :    Cromwell's  burial,  3  ;    Cromwell's 

effigy  and  its  mock  funeral,   103  ;    Cromwell's 

monument  and  prayer,  262  ;  Cromwell's  effigv 

and  body,  343 

Crosby  Hall  ceiling  of  oak,  described  1851,  327,  435 
Cross-legged  effigies  and  Crusaders,  88 
Crown  agents,  to  represent  Colonial  Governors,  92 
"  Crown  Prince  of  Germany,"  newspaper  error,  45 
Crucifixion,  Celtic  legend  of  the,  106 
Crump,  "  Mr.  Crump's  whim,"  his  identity,  108 
Crusaders  and  cross-legged  effigies,  88 
Crystal  Palace  tickets,  c.  1858,  405,  476 
Cuckoo,  calling  in  its  flight,  30,  75,  96,  135,  195, 

258,  339  ;  old  rimes  on,  31,  96,  135 
Cumberland  (R.),  essay  on  his  plays,  c.  1775,  247, 

315,  355 
Cunningham  (Allan)  and  '  The  Wee  Wee  German 

Lairdie,'  14,  52 
Cups,  historical  "  luck  cups,"  possessors  of,  389, 

436 
'  Curtain  Lectures,  Mrs.  Caudle's,'  a  substitution, 

464 

Cutlery,  Sheffield,  in  1820,  French  book  on,  428 
Cuttle  (Capt.),  his  hook  on  right  or  left  wrist,  506 
Cymmau,  a  property  in  Flintshire,  250 
"  Cytel,"  the  meaning  of,  in  Anglo-Saxon  names, 

187,  233,  434,  491 

Daniel  (S.),  his  '  Whole  Workes,'  1623,  344 
Dante   (Alighieri),  allusions  to,  by  early  writers, 

447,  515 

Darby  (John)=Eliza  Rebecca  Hart,  1835,  110 
Darnley  (Lord),  his  sister's  marriage,  89 
Dates  in  Roman  numerals,  2 50,  315,  377,  437 
David  II.  of  Scotland  and  Bonaparte,  historical 

parallel,  525 

Day,  Freeman,  and  Pyke  families,  428 
Day,  Reeve,  Pyke,  and  Sharpe  families,  489 
De  Jersey  family,  150 
"  De  la      in  English  surnames,  survival  of,  127, 

174 

De  Quincey  (T.),  '  Opium-Eater,'  edition  1853,  466 
Dead,  resurrection  of,  figures  on  tombstones,  37 
Deeds  and  abstracts  of  title,  the  preservation  of, 

148,  194,  216 
Deer-leaps,  references  for  information  on,  89,  138, 

156,  194 


546 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27,  1912. 


Degrees,  Oxford,  and  ordination,  528 
Dehany  (Philip),  M.P.  1778,  his  biography,  58 
Delafield  (Rev.  Thomas  and  Joseph),  authorship 

of  MS.,  296,  339 

Dennett  (Misses),  three  dancers,  c.  1816,  108,  173 
Dennie  family  of  London  and  Jamaica,  529 
Deptford,  naval  epitaphs  in  St.  Nicholas's,  464 
Derivations,  Prof.  Skeat  on,  7,  118 
Derry,  siege  of,  "  cutting  the  boom,     156 
Devon,  North  Devon  words  c.  1600,  their  meaning, 

449,  518 
Diatoric  teeth,  derivation  of  the  word,  290,  395, 

459 

Dickens  (C.)  :    his  Mantalini  and  W.   M.   Thacke- 
ray, 47,  153,  258  ;  emendation  in  '  Hamlet,'  84  ; 

Miss  Bolo  in  '  Pickwick,'  89,  158,  366  ;   Eatans- 

will newspapers  in  'Pickwick,'  146  ;  'Pickwick,' 

errors    in    first    edition,    248,     292,     352  ;     his 

allusion    to  song    '  Old  Clem,'  289  ,  354,    415  ; 

and  the  inscribed   stone,   443  ;    (.'apt.    Cuttle's 

hook.      506:     his     phrase       "United       States 

security,"  508 
'  Dictionary    of    Musicians,'    1822-7,    editor    and 

compilers,  487 
'  Dictionary  of  National  Biography,'  additions  and 

corrections,  86,  401 
Diderot  (Denis),  his  MS.  '  Paradoxe  sur  le  Come'- 

dien,'  27 

Dilke  (Sir  C.  W.),  collection  of  Keats  relics,  51 
"  Dillisk,"  seaweed  for  cooking,  meaning  of    the 

word,  469,  532 

Dillon  (John)  on  Disraeli,  449,  498 
Dinner  in  Serjeants'   Inn,  Chancery  Lane,   1839, 

5,  73 

Directories  of  London,  18th  century,  168,  234,"  275 
Diseases  caused  by  plants,  530 
Disraeli  (Benjamin),  and  E.Bulwer  (Lord  Lytton), 

25  ;    called  "  a  harp  struck  by  lightning,"  449, 

498 
'  Dives  and  Pauper,'  dialogue,  c.  1400,  author  of, 

321,  358,  527 
Doctors,  James  I.  on,  148 
Doctors,  "Jockey  Doctors,"  temp.     Charles    II., 

470 

Documents,  American  historical,  from  1540,  268 
Dodd  (Dr.),  his  sermon,  1769,  445 
Dog,  monument  to,  at  Quilon,  49 
Dogs,  breed  of,  in  Castle  Howard  Mabuse,  227 
"  Dolberline,"  meaning  of  the  word,  368,  498 
Domesday  Book,  and  the  Burghal  Hidage,  c.  878, 

2  ;  and  the  Luttrell  family,  365 
Donny  family,  467,  518 
Dorehill  family,  389 
Downman  (John),  A.R.A.,  c.  1777,  portraits  by, 

328,  458 
"  Doyenn6  du  Cornice  "  pears,  origin  of  the  name, 

309,  372,  438 
Drake   (Sir  Francis),   "  unus  de  Consortio  Medii 

Templi,"  347,  414,  490 

Drawing  the  organ,  1585,  meaning  of  the  term,  117 
Drayson     (Major-General    A.     W.),     his     '  Third 

Motion  of  the  Earth,'  168,  214 
Drinking  song,  French  peasant,  109 
Druidic  cult,  Dr.  Price  and  the  revival  of,  230,  273 
Drumminnor  (lairds  of)  and  the  1st  Lord  Forbes, 

527 

Drummond   (W.)   of   Hawthornden,   original  edi- 
tions of  his  works,  487 
Drury  family  arms,  369 

Du  Bellay,  Latin  verse  of  16th  century,  347,  459 
Dublin,  Portobello  Barracks,  regiments  at,  1828- 

1840,    50 ;    Fraternity    of   the    Blessed    Virgin 

Mary,  490,  538 


Dudley  (Dud),  his  memorial,  Worcester,  406,  494 
Dumas  (Alexandre)  and  Cleopatra's  Needles,  246, 

374 

Dumbleton,  origin  of  the  place-name,  89,  136,  179 
D'Urfey  (Thomas)  and  Allan  Ramsay,  58,  94 
"  During,"  "  notwithstanding,"  point  of  grammar, 

229 
Duty  and  chess,  a  comparison,  88 

Ear-piercing,  the  custom  of,  in  various  countries, 

481 

Earthworks,  rectangular,  and  long  barrows,  152 
Eatanswill  newspapers  in  '  Pickwick,'  146 
"  Editions  "  of  newspapers,  meaning  of  the  term, 

388 
Edward    II.    and    Simon   de   Swanland,    London 

merchant,  1 

Edward  VII.  in  '  Punch,'  as  baby  and  boy,  64 
Edwardes  (Capt.)  =  Caroline  Forster,  1817,  408 
Edwards    (George),    1694-1773,    his    drawings    of 

birds,  150,  190 
Effigies,    cross-legged,    denoting  burial-place  and 

Crusaders,  88 

Egerton  (F.  T.),  Westminster  scholar,  1847,  410' 
Eighteenth-century  school-book.  289,  392 
Eleanor  of  Bretayne,  manner  of  her  death,  464 
Elector  Palatine, V.  1685,  68,  136 
Electric  light  in  1853,  66 
Eliot  (George),    on    a    magic    ring,   48  ;    Edward 

Casaubon  in  '  Middlemarch,'  507 
Elizabeth  (Queen),  her  visit  to  Bishop's  Stortford, 

27,  72  ;    her  portraits  at  Hampton  Court,  244, 

292  ;    observance  of  her  accession  day,  439 
Elizabethan  plays  in  MS.,  205,  275 
Elliott  (Mrs.  G.  D.),  the  spelling  of  her  surname, 

392 
Elphinstone  (Bishop  William),  d.  1514,  his  tomb, 

367 
Elsham,  pronunciation  of  place-name,  269,  314, 

455,  535 
Elstob  (Charles),  Cambridge,  1714,  210,  257,  317, 

413 
Eltham    (Abraham),   Westminster   scholar,    1717, 

210 

Emblems,  Orange  emblems  on  glassware,  390 
Emerson  (R.  Waldo),  in  England,  1833,  69,  115, 

152,  198  ;    his  visit   to  Manchester,    1847,  90  ? 

and  "  Mr.  Crump's  whim,"  108 
'  Encyclopaedia  Britannica,'  Gustavus  Adolphus's 

birthplace,  26 
England,  history  of,  with  riming  verses,  168,  233, 

278,  375,  418',  517 

England  (George),  Westminster  scholar,  1719,  210 
English,  Early,  pronunciation  of  "  ch  "  in,  285,  412 
English  railroad,  the  earliest,  with  passengers r 

1812,  65 

Englishmen  with  tails,  from  a  mediaeval  MS.,  46 
Engraving,   wood,   and  process   block,    difference 

between,  289,  413 
Envy,  "  eldest  born  of  Hell,"  author  of  the  verse,. 

12 

Epicurus,  fragments  of,  at  Herculaneum,  270,  393" 
Epigram:  "  Hie  locus  odit,  amat,"  279,  318 

Epitaphs : — 

A  poor  and  friendless  boy  was  he  to  whom,  182: 
Affliction  sore  long  time  I  bore,  123 
American  scurrilous,  265 
An  earnest  and  humble  Christian,  366 
Beneath  in  the  ever  peacefull  grave,  12& 
Can  I  exemption  plead  when  death,  525 
Chartist  memorial  at  Ancoats,  524 
Chester  Cathedral,  265 


Tfotes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


INDEX. 


547 


Epitaphs : — 

Clive's  blameless   life  this  tablet  shall  pro- 
claim, 186 

•    Farewell  to  all,  I  must  not  stay,  525 
Hee  who  now  lies  lone  beneath  this  sod,  524 
Her  painful  heart  noW  is  at  rest,  123 
Here  lies  in  horizontal  position,  265 
Here  lyes  a  virgin  whose  clear  conscience  may, 

265 

Here  may  God's  creatures,  183 
Here  sleeps  a  youth  who  once  had  every  art, 

28,78 

Here  under  leys  Elizabeth  and  Mary  Bullyn,  6 
In  love  he  lived,  in  peace  he  died,  524 
Langford  (Abraham),  215 
Manchester,  St.  Ann's  Churchyard,  264 
Of  morals  pure  and  manners  mild,  411 
Oh,  let  one  wish,  go  where  I  will,  be  mine,  183 
Reader,  I'  le  be  sworne  vpon  a  booke,  301 
Reader,  This  plate  records  the  death,  147 
So  great  is  thy  beauty,  so  sweet  is  thy  song, 

382,  475 
Take,  holy  earth,  that  which  my  soul  held 

dear,  525 

The  bud  was  cropt  in  early  bloom,  123 
This  lovely  bud,  so  young  and  fair,  525 
Weep  not  for  me,  my  parents  dear,  525 
Zoo  now  I  hope  his  kindly  feace,  362 
Epitaphs:  Somerby  Churchyard,  Lincolnshire,  265  ; 

naval,  in  St.  Nicholas's,  Deptford,  464 
Ermengard,     Queen    of    Scotland,     and     Roger, 

Bishop  of  St.  Andrews,  245 
*  Essay  on  the  Theatre,'  c.  1775,  247,  315,  355 
Etherington  family  and  Pickering  Castle,  250,  290 
F-tough  (Henry)  of  SS.  Anne  and  Agnes,   1726, 

249,  298 

Evatt  family,  48 

Evelyn  Hall,  from  a  print,  its  locality,  430 
Ewen  and  Holdway,  tombstone  inscriptions,  Up- 

ham,  330 

Executions,  military,  modus  operandi,  8,  57,  98, 
157,  193,  237,  295,  354,  413,  458 

*'  Faerpinga  "  =etymology  of  place-name,  43,  133, 

196,  238 
Falmouth  (Lord),  MS.  Index  of  his  Charters,  the 

whereabouts  of,  10 
Families,  noble,   in  Shakespeare,   248,    296,   398, 

458 

Farington  family  of  Worden,  477 
*        Farmer's  Creed,  from  18th-century  jug,  6 
Fellowship,  college,  sold  in  1591,  227 
*'  Fent,"  trade  term,  its  origin,  410,  458,  478 
Fenwick  (Sir  John),  beheaded  in  1697,  249 
Fenwig  (Morlena),  character  in  fiction,  130 
Fergusson     (Robert),     his     '  Elegy '     on     '  Scots 

Music,'  35 
Fielding  (Henry),  d.  1754,  and  the  civil  power,  58, 

277,  336,  419,  534 
Filey  Bay,  old  manorial  right  enforced,  1911,  327, 

413 

Finch  family  tradition,  246 
Fingon  clan  in  '  Waverley,'  37 
Fire-damp,  early  use  of  the  word,  206 
Fire  of  London,  French  Church  rebuilt,  9,  336 
Fire-papers,  obsolete  house  decorations,  406,  493 
Fish,  obsolete  names  of,  their  identity,  310,  396 
FitzGerald  (Edward),  two  versions  of  anecdote, 

266;  and  '  N.  &  Q.,'  469 
•"  Fives  Court,"  St.  Martin's  Lane,  1803,  the  site 

of,  110,  155,  176,  231 
Fletcher  (Bishop  Richard)  of  Bristol,  1589,  28 


Fletcher  and  Beaumont,  and  '  Monsieur  Thomas,' 

345 

Flower,  national,  for  America,  228,  352,  455 
"  Folish  babeling  at  sent  Bartihnews,"  meaning 

of  the  phrase,  408,  475 

Folk-lore : — 

Anvil  cure  for  fever,  448 

Bells  of  Bosham,  286 

Bridal  stones,  holed,  227,  463,  533 

Celtic  legend  of  the  Crucifixion,  106 

Christmas  in  Brittany,  501 

Corpse  touched  at  funerals,  48,  95,  178,  434 

Hands  clasped  over  running  water,  250,  394 

Holly,  smooth  or  prickly,  526 

Mistletoe,  502 

"  Parkin  "  for  the  5th  of  November,  430 

Pin  in  necromancy,  368 

Tolmens,  perforated  stones,  463,  533 

Trees  growing  from  graves,  250,  297 

Viper  and  cow,  147 

Wart  charms,  446 

Wasps  and  the  weather,  267 

Wymondley  chestnut  tree  tradition,  287,  419 
Forbes  (Alexander),  1564-1617,  his  father,  489 
Forbes  (1st  Lord)  and  the  lairds  of  Drumminnor, 

527 

Forbes-Skellater  family,  17,  36 
"  Force,"  its  meaning  in  Selden's  '  Table  Talk,' 

229,  278,  495 

Ford,  Milward,  and  Oliver  families,  189 
Fordwich,  Kent,  king's  palace  at,  c.  1066,  4 
Foreign  journals  published  in  the  United  States, 

1910,  466,  514 

Forger  of  Ripon,  c.  1570,  date  of  his  death,  9 
Forster  ( Caroline  )=Capt.  Edwardes,  1817,  408 
Fort  Russell,  Hudson's  Bay,  c.  1760,  its  site,  130 
Fox  and  Knot  Street,  origin  of  the  name,  130,  178 
Foxes  as  guards  instead  of  dogs,  50 
"  Fr."  =father  or  friend  in  marriage  registers,  85 
France,    early   arms    of,   389,    450 :    grandfather 

clocks  in,  509 

Franklin  (Benjamin)  in  England,  152 
"  Franklin    days,"     18-21    May,    origin    of    the 

phrase,  9,  55 
"  Fraternal,"  "  sisterly,"  philological  comparison, 

"  Fraternity  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  Mary,"  c.  1790, 

490,  538 

Frederick  the  Great,  his  cook  Noel,  269,  438 
Freeman,  Day,  and  Pyke  families,  428 
Freeman,  Stuart,  Parry,  Pyke  families,  164 
French  Church,  rebuilt  after  the  Fire  of  London, 

French  coins:  Republic  and  Empire,  149,  211, 
255  ;  with  obverse  impression  on  reverse,  230 

French  peasant  drinking  song,  109 

French  theorist  on  love,  alluded  to  by  Stevenson, 
228 

Frescoes  in  the  Vatican,  the  words  on,  69,  116, 
154 

Frick  Friday,  origin  and  meaning  of  the  word, 

A  00 

Friday,    "  frick  Friday,"   meaning    of  the  word, 

488 

"  Friday  "  used  as  Christian  name,  310,  395,  454 
Frog  or  toad  mugs,  the  date  of,  168,  210 
Frost  arms  at  Winchester,  330,  478 
«  Fg>  =3S<  2d.,"  origin  of  the  contraction,  348,  4d4, 

Fulani  or  Fulahs,  a  Nigerian  race,  270,  335 
Funeral  with  heraldic  accessories,  1682,  306 
Funerals,  touching  a  corpse  at,  48,  95,  178,  4d4 


548 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


G  confused  with  B  in  Domesday  and  Feudal  Aids, 

"  Gabetin  "  =overall,  use  of  the  word,  26,  78 
Gag,  Parliamentary  term,  its  origin,  35 
Gainsborough    (Thomas),    his    picture     '  Morning 

Walk,'  281,  435,  530 

Gallot  (John),  actor,  and  Will  Watch,  35 
Gaily  (T.  &  P.),  printsellers,  date  of  the  firm,  208 
Garrick  (David)  and  Diderot's  MS.,  27 
Garugh,  Irish  place-name,  1722,  its  locality,  369 
Gautier  (Th^ophile),  1811-72,  his  biography,  241, 

293 

Gee,  origin  of  surname,  158 
Geese  and  Michaelmas  Day,  connexion  between, 

450 
Genealogical  collections,  form  of  preserving,  29, 

116 

Genealogy,  Cornish,  and  the  Civil  War,  228,  272 
George  I.  statue  in  Leicester  Square,  261,  313 
George  II.,  baptism  of  his  cnildren,  1721-4,  266 
George    III.,   his  statue    and    the    dragon,    147 ; 

review  of  troops  on  Wanstead  Flats,  310 
George  V.,  his  ancestors,  87,  134,  173,  232 
German  universities  and  eleemosynary  students, 

Ghosts  of  horses,  stories  of,  127,  176 

Gibbons  (Grinling),  books  on  the  life  of,  89,  137, 
154,  217,  255,  299 

Giffard  family  of  Halsbury,  490 

"  Gifla,"  Isleworth,  Islington,  etymology  of  place- 
name,  43,  133,  196,  238 

Gilbert  (Sir  John)  as  illustrator,  1838,  521 

Gin,  called  strikefire,  and  "  strip  and  go  naked," 

OUO 

Gipsy  language,  slang  terms  derived  from,  409,  478 
Glassware  with  Orange  emblems,  390 
Glastonbury,  excavation  of  wooden  structure,  448 
Glen  (James),  "  Swedenborgian,"  d.  1814,  150 
Glubb,  Plasse,  and  WTeekes  families,  186 
Gods,  Japanese,  the  names  of,  407 
Gordon  (Col.)  in  '  Barnaby  Rudge,'  his  identity, 

Gordon  (Col.),  steel  engraving  of,  1809,  508 
Gordon  (second  Duke  of)  1678-1728,  his  biography 

published  in  newspapers,  165 

Gordon  (Sir  J.  \Villoughby)  and  lithography,  90 
Gordon  (Nathaniel)  =  Laura  Turton,  c.  1760,  127 
Gordon  (Rev.  Patrick),  his  '  Geographv,'  dates  of 

editions,  188,  237 

Gordon  House,  Scutari,  origin  of  the  name,  210 
Gordon  of  Park,  baronetcy,  306 
Gorges  and  Aishe  families,  169 
"  Gothamites  "^Londoners,  name  used  1727,  25, 

loo j  IT & 
Gotherson  (Major  Daniel),  c.  1663,  and  Matthew 

Prior,  447 

Gounod  (Charles)  at  Saint  Raphael,  1866,  106 
Gower  (Thomas),  iemp.  Henry  V.,  arms  of   528 
Gower  family  of  Worcestershire,  53 
Grammar,    English,    illogical    constructions,    287 

356,  437,  491 

Grammar  School,  Midhurst,  names,  dates   &c    308 
Grandfather  clocks  in  France,  509 
Grant  (James),  author,  and  battle  of  Maida,  232 
Grantham,  pronunciation  of  place-name,  269,  314 

455,  535 

Graves,  trees  growing  from,  250,  297 
Gray    (Thomas)  :     his    '  Elegy,'    translations    and 


Great  Fosters,  Elizabethan  mansion,  at  Egham, 
Greatheed  (Rev.  Samuel),  friend  of  Cowper,  347 


"  Grecian,"  1615,  meaning  of  the  word,  270,  337 

Gresham  family,  269 

Greville  (Fulke),  Lord  Brooke,  d.  1628,  his  epitaph, 

301 

Grey  (Rev.  Henry),  1778-1859,  his  father,  407 
Griffin,  Wilkes,  and  Arnold  families,  249 
Griffith  (G.),  Bishop  of  St.  Asaph,  his  marriage,  528 
Grimald  (Nicholas),  1519-62,  his  life  and  poems, 

384 

Grimaldi  (Joseph),  1779-1837,  as  a  canary,  25,  95 
Grosvenor  Square,  its  origin,  1725,  327,  414 
Grymbolde  (John),  his  relation  to  Nicholas  Gri- 
mald. 384 
'  Guard  Salute,'  military  music  with  three  names, 

227,  337 

'  Guesses  at  Truth,'  the  contributors  to,  229,  276 
Guild  of  Clothiers  in  16th  and  17th  centuries,  8, 

50,  118 
Guild  of  Merchants  of  the  Staple  of  Calais,  1661, 

507 
"  Guild  or  Fraternity  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  Mary," 

c.  1790,  490,  538» 

Guillotine,  Parliamentary  term,  its  origin,  35 
Gunn  (the  Misses)  of  Dublin,  1808,  their  family, 

449 

Gustavus  Adolphus,  his  birthplace,  26 
Gwinett    (Ambrose),    advertisement    in    London 

paper,  1709,  410 
Gyp,  "  Robe  en  toile  a  voile,"  in  '  Petit  Bob,'  170, 


yp» 

214, 


353 


Hacket  (Sir  Andrew),  d.  1709,  68,  114 

"  Hacket "  cow,  meaning  of  the  word,  445 

"  Had  I  Wist,"  bogy  in  A.-S.  fairy-tale,  475 

Hadria,  character  in  a  novel,  its  title,  450 

Haggatt  family,  388 

Hakluyt  (Edmund)  at  Cambridge  University,  68 

Haldeman,  origin  of  the  surname,  329,  398 

Halfacree,  origin  of  surname,  134,  179 

Hall  (Rev.  W.  J.),  editor  of  '  Selection  of  Psalms 

and  Hymns,'  348,  433 
Hallett   family    of    Canons,    and    Gainsborough's 

picture,  281,  435,  530 
Halley  (Dr.  Edmond),  1682,  his  marriage  register, 

85,  198  ;   his  pedigree,  466 

Halley,  Walters,  Ward,  and  Wright  families,  389 
Hamilton  (Lady),  colour  of  her  hair,  447 
Hamlet  as  Christian  name,  1590,  305,  395,  538 
Hampshire,  formation  of  the  county,  482 
Hampstead  :    Keats  and  Sir  C.  W.  Dilke,  51 
Hampstead  Manor  Court  held  1911,  526 
Hampton  Court,  unknown  picture   at,  403,  496 ; 

portrait  of  a  lady  at,  505 

Handwriting  of  legal  documents,  c.  1864,  486 
Hanover    Square,    Club    Etranger    in,    179,    216, 

258 

"  Happen,"  \ise  of  the  word,  346,  437,  497 
Hardcastle  (Ephraim)=W.  H.  Pyne,  author,  227 
Hardwicke  and  Mytton  MSS.,  pedigrees,  327,  417 
Hare  (A.  and  J.),  'Guesses  at  Truth,'  229,  276 
Hare  (St.  John),  barrister,  1647,  169 
Hare  family,  389 
'  Harlequin     Gulliver,'     pantomime,     1818,     and 

Grimaldi,  95 

Harmonists,  Society  of,  c.  1813,  188,  239 
"  Harp    struck    by    lightning,"    meaning    of    the 

phrase,  449,  498 
Harrison  (James),  c.  1827,  painter  and  architect, 

201 

Hart  (Eliza  Rebecca)  =  John  Darby,  1835,  110 
Hart  (Sir  Richard),  M.P.,  his  biography,  247,  291, 

372 
Hawes  (Thomas),  rector  in  Wilts,  1709,  169 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27,  1912. 


INDEX. 


549 


Haymarket,  site  of  the  Tennis  Court,  c.  1867,  110, 

155,  176,  231 

Hayward  (William  Stephens),  novelist,  c.  1862, 149 
Haywra,  place-name,  its  locality,  35,  96 
Heathfield  (John),  Westminster  scholar,  1749,  149 
Heathfield  Cuckoo  Fair,  96,  135 
Heavens,  three,  from  funeral  sermon,  1657,  48, 158 
Hebrew  medal,  inscription  on,  447,  510 
Heine  (Heinrich),  his  visit  to  England,  1827,  115, 

152  ;  his  translation  of  Byron,  290,  338 
Hellings  family,  267 
Helwis,    name    in    '  Interludium    de    Clerico    et 

Puella,'  266 

Hemans  (Felicia),  d.  1835,  biography  of,  468,  534 
Hemington    (Henry    and    George),    Westminster 

scholars,  1724,  169 
Henley  (Rev.  Phocion),  c.  1759,  date  of  his  birth, 

129,"  177 

Henning  (A.  S.),  1805-64,  first '  Punch  '  artist,  341 
Henry  VII.,  picture  of  his  marriage,  7,  75 
Heraldic  accessories  at  funeral,  1682,  306 
Heraldic  visitations,  MS.  books,  1552,  1557,  29 

Heraldry :  — 

A  demi-lion  rampant,  ducally  crowned,  90 

A  dexter  arm  in  armour,  276 

Allen  (Cardinal),  30,  78,  116,  215,  258 

Arg.,  between  three  leopards'  heads  gules,  289 

Arg.,  on  bend  az.  three  escallops  of  the  field,  50 

Arg.,  on  a  chevron  sa.,  330,  478 

Arg.,    on   a   fesse   az.  between   three   horses 

courant,  489 

Arg.,  on  a  fesse  vert,  279,  339 
Arg.,  three  conies  in  pale  sable,  30,  78,  116 
Az.,  a  Calvary  cross  (three  steps)  or,  289 
Az.,  a  chevron  counter  -  embattled  between 

three  bugle  horns  or,  508 
Az.,  a  chevron  ermine  between  three  swords, 

298 

British  Royal  arms  in  Milan,  290 
Colonies,  their  arms,  368,  436 
Drury  family,  369 
France,  early  arms  of,  389,  450 
Gower  family,  temp.  Henry  V.,  528 
Gules,  a  mule  passant  argent,  210 
Holdway  and  Ewen  arms,  330 
Manum 'dextram  armatam,  24,  77 
Mary's  (Queen)  armorial  bearings  at  Corona- 
tion, 1911,  467 
Midhurst  arms,  367 

Mural  coronet  argent,  a  plain  cross  gules,  213 
On  a  chevron  three  crosses  patt^e,  489 
Or,  five  cross-crosslets  fitchee  sable  salterwise, 

150 

Or,  five  crosslets  sable  salterwise,  150 
Or,  on  a  chevron  vert,  28 
Quarterly,  a  saltire,  302 
Quarterly  per  fesse  indented,  188 
Robinson  family,  28 

Two  posts,  each  surmounted  by  a  cross,  90 
Vert,    an    escallop    shell    arg.    between   two 

pallets  or,  527 
Herbert    (Lord)    of    Cherbury,    his    Rabbinical 

studies,  506 

Herculaneum,  fragments  of  Epicurus  at,  270,  393 
Bering  (Julius),  Westminster  scholar,  1720,  169 
Herringman  (Jas.),  Westminster  scholar,  1725,  89 
Herringman  (John),  Westminster  scholar,  1728,  89 
Hertfordshire    inscriptions    from    churches    and 

burial-grounds,  326 
Hervey  (Thomas  Kibble),  1799-1859,  his    poem 

'  The  Convict  Ship,'  468,  515 
Hickey  (Miss),  friend  of  Burke  and  Reynolds,  129 


Hicks  (Henry  and  Robert),  Westminster  scholars, 

1718,  89,  353 
Hicks  (Michael),  Westminster  scholar,  1735,  89, 

353 

Hidage  assigned  to  various  burghs,  c.  878,  2 
Hiebslac  (O'Clarus),  his  '  Englische  Schnitzer,'  368, 

439 
Highgate  Archway,  foundation  stone  laid,  1811 

or  1812,  206,  257,  274 
Hill  (Langley),  Westminster  scholar,  1722,  169, 

239,  535 
Hindle  (John),  d.  1796,  his  graduation  Mus.Bac., 

528 

Historical  documents,  American,  from  1540,  268 
Historical  parallel,  Bonaparte  and  David  II.  of 

Scotland,  525 
History  of  England  with  riming  verses,  168,  233, 

278,  375,  418,  517 

Hoboken,  American  Indian  place-name,  86 
Holdway  and  Ewen,  tombstone  inscriptions,  Up- 

ham,  330 

Holinshed  bibliography,  246  | 

Holly,  smooth  and  prickly,  526 
Holworthy  (James),  artist,  his  paintings,  128 
Holworthy  (Matthew),  his  portrait,  c.  1805,  408 
Holworthy  |(  -  ),    murder     committed    by,    in 

America,  450 
"  Homestead,"  early  use  of  the  word  by  Dryden, 

525 

Hone  (William),  his  friends  and  letters,  407 
"  Honorificabilitudinitatibus,"   use   of  the  word, 

487,  538 
Hood  (Robin),  alluded  to  in  '  Dives  and  Pauper,' 

c.  1400,  321,  358 

Hook  (James),  Westminster  scholar,  1797,  109,  154 
Hooker  (Thomas),  Westminster  scholar,  1773,  109, 

154 
Horry   (Daniel),  Westminster  scholar,   1781,   89, 

138,  259,  295 
Horses  :   Coverham  horses,  206  ;  phenomenal  in- 

telligence, 285,  354,  478 
Horses'  ghosts,  stories  of,  127,  176 
Horsley  (Samuel)  at  Oxford  University,  1837,  68, 

154 

Hospitallers,  Knights,  in  Kent  :  Claypans,  87 
Houghton  Hall  pictures,  their  sale,  1779,  385 
House  of  Commons,  Speaker  Yelverton  and  the 

prayer,  38 
Household,  Royal,  history  and  officials  of,  89,  137, 

234 
Howard  (Miss)  and  Napoleon  III.,  347,  430,  473, 

'  Howden  Fair,'  Lincolnshire  ballad,  325,  439 
Huck  (Richard),  Vicar  of  Fishley,  Norfolk,  c.  1801, 

109 
'  Hudibras     Redivivus,'     "  Knipperdoling 

"  ninny  -broth  "  in,  229 
Hugh  (Aaron),  pirate,  c.  1770,  490 
Hugh  family,  8 
Hughes    (William),    Westminster    scholar, 

Hughson  (David)  =  David  Pugh,  author  of  '  Lon- 

don,' 70,  116,  198 
Hulda,  name  in  Northern  literature  and  sagas, 

249,315,337,455 

Hulton  Abbey  cartulary,  its  possessor,  1911,  367 
Hume  (David),  1711-76,  his  memorial  and  inscrip- 

tion, 226 

Hungerford  family,  70  .  . 

Hunyadi   Janos,   mineral  springs,   origin   of   the 

name,  270,  317 

Husbands  carried  by  their  wives,  279 
Hutchins  (Rev.  John),  c.  1796,  his  biography,  259 


and 


550 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


"  I  am   paid   regular   wages,"    grammatical  con 
struction,  287,  356,  437,  491 

"  Ignoble  tobagie,"  Michelet's,  quoted  by  Steven 
son,  248 

Iliff  (Rev.  — ),  Westminster  School  master,  210 
537 

Incumbents,  list  of,  of  Rhoscrowther,  Pembroke 
shire,  349 

India,    lotus    as    emblem    of,    27,     72  ;     relic    o 
Bonaparte  found  in,  284  ;    portrait   found  in 
bazaar,  505 

Indian  Queens,  Cornish  place-name,  128 

Inman    (G.    Ellis),    his    poem     '  Old    Morgan    a 
Panama,'  408,  492 

Inn  with  bell  sign  painted  by  G.  Morland,  447,  498 

Inns,  country,  signs   of,   c".    1715,   226,   462.     Se 
rl  avern  Sign*. 

Innys  (James),  Westminster  scholar,  1736,  429 

Inscriptions  :  in  London  burial-grounds,  32 
Flemish,  on  Belgian  coin,  88,  176,  279  ;  i 
churchyard,  Chesham  Bois,  Bucks,  123  ;  o 
medal/"  Vive  la  Beige,"  c.  1865,  129,  174,  215 
498;  in  St.  Nicholas'  Church,  Cole  Abbey,  184 
St.  Mary-le-Bone  Charity  School,  186  ;  on 
Cardinal  Allen's  monument,  215,  258  ; 
burial-ground,  St.  John's,  Westminster,  302 
403  ;  on  sundial,  Sevenoaks,  1630,  307  ;  from 
Hertfordshire  churches  and  burial-grounds 
326  ;  Latin,  in  Upham  Churchyard,  330  ;  Latin 
on  a  porch,  330,  457,  516  ;  in  burial-grounds 
published,  348,  416  ;  St.  Olave's  Churchyard 
Silver  Street,  385 

'  Intelligencer,'    weekly   paper,    Dublin,    c.    1728 
407,  473 

'  Interludium  de  Clerico  et  Puella,'  Helwis  in,  266 

"  Ipecacuanha  "  in  verse,  102,  152,  276 

Ireland  (George),  Oxford,  1736,  210 

Irish  schoolboys,  descriptions  of  parents,  c.  1750 
70,  138 

Irishmen,  Spanish  titles  granted  to,  427 

Irving   (Washington),  quotations  in  his  '  Sketch 

Book,'  109,  129,  148,  156,  196,  217,  275 
Isleworth,  Islington,  etymology  of  place-name,  43 

1 oo9  106 
Islington,  Isleworth.  etymology  of  place-name,  43 

loGj   luO 

Italian  proverb  on  monument,  c.  1600,  69 
Ivatt  (Richard),  Westminster  scholar,  1728,  210 
Ivatt  (William),  Westminster  scholar,  1719,  210 
Ives  (William),  Westminster  scholar,  1724,  429 
Ivison  (John),  Westminster  scholar,  1719,  429 

"  Jacobin  "  =  "  Jacobite,"     earliest     use     of     the 
name,  6 

"  Jacobite  "="  Jacobin,"     earliest     use     of     the 
name,  6 

Jadis  (Henry  Fenton),  Westminster  scholar   1814 
410,  473,  499 

James  I.  on  doctors,  148 

James  (G.  P.  R.),  his  novel  with  three  titles,  34 

Japanese  gods,  the  names  of,  407 

Jarvis  (John),  the  dwarf,  d.  c.  1558,  the  statue  of, 
oO  / 

Jefferson  (Robert )=  Elizabeth  Sampson,  1739,  330 

Jeff  ray   (Margaret  Anne),   her  marriage  and   de- 
scendants, 470 

Jeffreys  (Judge)  and  the  Temple  Church  organ,  13 

Jelfe  (Turpin),  Westminster  scholar,  1724,  469 

Jenner  (Edward),  M.D.,  and  Thomas  Jenner,  D.D., 
J.u9 

Jei69r  (Th°mas)'  D'D-'  and  Edward  Jenner,  M.D., 
Jermyn  (Stephen),  Westminster  scholar,  1728,  469 


Jersey  (Earl  of),  lines  on  his  ancestress,  310,  374 
"  Jerusalem-Garters,"  1682,  meaning  of  the  word, 

288 

Jesson  (William),  Westminster  scholar,  1741,  469 
Jew  and  Jewrson  surnames,  the  origin  of,  209,  258 
"  Jockey  doctors,"  temp.  Charles  II.,  470 
Johnson  (Duke),  Westminster  scholar,  1726,  230 
Johnson   (Dr.  Samuel),  anecdote  of  a  dinner  in 

Scotland,    105,    153  ;    and  tobacco,   148,   175  ; 

and   '  The  Pilgrim's  Progress,'   408,  492  ;    and 

Dr.  Dodd,  445 

Jones  (Mary),  her  execution,  1771,  347,  414 
Joseph  (Capt.  Benjamin),  d.  1617,  his  origin,  530 
Journals,  foreign,  published  in  the  United  States, 

1910,  466,  514 

Journals  by  Wesley,  whereabouts  of  the  MSS.,  369 
Jubilee  of  the  Post  Office  Savings  Bank,  423 
Jubilees,  royal,  49th  and  50th  anniversaries,  12 
Julius  Caesar  and  Wymondlev  chestnut  tree,  287, 

419 
Juson  (Warren),  Westminster  scholar,  1718,  469 

Kangaroo,  Parliamentary  term,  its  origin,  35 
Karr  (Alphonse)  at  Saint  Raphael,  1885,  106 
Keary  (Anne),  '  Last  Day  of  Flowers,'  poem,  288 
Keats  (J.),  his  associations  with  Hampstead,  51  ; 

his  '  Ode  to  a  Nightingale,'  507 
Kelmscott  Press  type,  345,  435 
Ken  (Bishop  Thomas),  his  mother,  10 
Kerby  (Hamilton),  d.  1767,  230,  279,  339 
Khaibar,  Grand  Khaibar,  pseudo-Masonic  body, 

c.  1725,  290,  339 

Kidkok  or  Kidcote,  its  meaning,  150,  176,  195 
Kilbo,  meaning  in  place-names,  290 
Kilmarnock  (Lord),  his  funeral,  1746,  224 
King,  his  health  drunk  by  Scots  Guards,  165 
King  (Bevington),  Westminster  scholar,  1730,  230 
King  (W.  F.  H.),  his  '  Classical  and  Foreign  Quota- 
tions,' 323 
King's  Bench  Prison,  Southwark,  debtor's  life  in, 

410 

King's  palace,  Fordwich,  Kent,  c.  1066,  4 
King's  Theatre,  Haymarket,  its  history,  405,  495 
Kingsley  (C.),  his  rime  on  Browning,  330 
Kingsley  (W.),  Westminster  scholar,  1743,  230 
Kingston  (Capt.  Strickland),  c.  1796,  107 
Kirby  (Hamilton),  d.  1767.     See  Kerby. 
Knibberch  (Frangois),  signature  on  old  painting, 

Knight,  articles  belonging  to,  temp.  Edward  II.,  528 
Knight  (Gaily),  his  ipecacuanha  rime,  102, 152,  276 
Knight  (Sir  John),  M.P.,  c.  1690,  247,  291,  372 
'  Knight  of    the  turning  pestle,'   "  FS  "  in,  348, 

434,  494 

Knights  Hospitallers  in  Kent :  Claypans,  87 
'*  Knipperdoling  "   in   '  Hudibras   Redivivus,'   its 

meaning,  229 
Iniveton  family,  269 
Knockabrow,  Irish  place-name,  1722,  its  locality, 

369 
£nockanegonly,     Irish     place-name,     1722,     its. 

locality,  369 

Snowies  (Charles),  Westminster  scholar,  1717,  230 
Kynoch  (Capt.  John),  killed  at  Quatre  Bras,  1815, 
348 

j&  Motte,  refugee  family,  221 
Backing-ton  (James),  bookseller,  his  medals,  470 
Lacy  (Sir  de),  and  the  Coronation,  1838,  166 

Lady  Fast,"  reference  to,  in  Tindale's  works,  527 
^afayette  family,  295 

Lamb  (Charles),  his  '  Rosamund  Gray,'  published 
1798,  36  ;   and  rhythm  in  prose,  426 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27,  1912. 


INDEX. 


551 


Lammas,  Latter   Lammas,   the    meaning   of   the 

term,  469 
Landmarks   of  London,  their  removal,  464,  514, 

DO  I 

Lane    (Brevet -Major   H.    Bowyer),    d.  1843,   his 

letters,  408 
"  Langford   of   the   show,"    in   Cowper's   '  Task  ' 

109,  151,  215 
Lanoe   (Lewis),  scholar  of  Trinity  Coll.,  Camb., 

1701,  270 

Latin  accentuation,  exceptions,  448 
Latin  porch  inscription,  330,  457,  516 
Latin  tombstone  inscriptions,  Upham,  330 
Latter  Lammas,  origin  and  meaning  of  the  term, 

469 

Law-hand,  writing  of  documents,  c.  1864,  486 
Lawler  (C.  P.),  writer,  c.  1790,  349,  438 
Lawrence  (G.  A.),  author  of  '  Guy  Livingstone,' 

249 

Le  Blon  (J.  C.),  copies  of  Raphael's  cartoons, 269 
Le  Botiler  or  Butler  family,  310,  394 
Lecky  (W.  E.  H.),  his  theory  of  morals,  147 
Ledyard  (John),  traveller,  allusions  in  his  '  Life,' 

387 

Leicester  Square,  George  I.  statue  in,  261,  313 
Leigh  (Philip),  Westminster  scholar,  1618,  270 
Leigh  (Theophilus),  D.D.,  1694-1785,  his  relations. 

429,  537 
Leman  Street,  E.,  pronunciation  and  origin  of  the 

name,  210,  258,  316,  376 

Leslie  (Brigadier-General  Alexander),  1740-94,  67 
'  Letter,'  poem,  its  author,  88 

Lightfoot  (John)  of  Birmingham,  1739-1810,  289 
Lightning,  John  Rosebrook  killed  by,  1866,  147 
Lima  (J.  Suasso  de)  of  South  Africa,*  509 
Limburger  cheese  and  coffin,  short  story,  29 
Linlathen,  Forfarshire,  its  position,  205 
Linton  (Henry),  artist,  c.  1854,  169 
Linton  (W.  J.),  artist,  c.  1854,  169 
Lions  modelled  by  Alfred  Stevens,  349,  438 
Lister  (Edward),  his  relations,  209 
Lithography  and  Sir  J.  Willoughby  Gordon,  90 
Llandegeman  :     Rhoscrowther :     Rhos-y-cryther, 

change  in  place-name,  329,  393 
Lodbrok  (Ragnor),  his  sons,  and  the  virgin  Hulda, 

249,  315 

Lodge  (Robert),  Westminster  scholar,  1657,  270 
Logarithms,  the  inventor  of,  89 
London  :  French  Church  rebuilt  after  Fire  of  Lon- 
don, 9, 336  ;  tavern,  "  Rose  of  Normandy,"  its  de- 
molition, 26  ;  museums  of  antiquities,  34  ;  Wel- 
lington statues  in,  55  ;  water  supply,  1641,  121 
directories  of  the  18th  century,  168,  234,  275 
royal   statues    and    memorials    of,     188,     398 
taverns,  Commonwealth  period,  226  ;   meridian 
of,  its  Whereabouts,  228  ;    statues  of,  William 
III.,  and  Richard  I.,  285  ;  Corporation  and  the 
medical     profession,    425,     496  ;      proprietary 
chapels    in,   434  ;    otter  at    City  station,    446 ; 
vanishing    landmarks,  464,  514,  537  ;  Rectors' 
Confederation,  469 
Londoners  called  "  Gothamites,"   1727,  25,   133, 

179 

Long  (Edward),  MS.  memoir  written  by,  349 
Longinus  and  St.  Paul,  64,  133 
Long's  Hotel,  Bond  Street,  the  closing  of,  1911, 

406,  512 

Lord  (John),  later  Owen,  Bart.,  c.  1813,  his  pedi- 
gree, 310,  395 
Lord  Chief  Justice,  the  Sheriff,  and  ventilation, 

169,  217,  257,  315 

Lotus  as  emblem  of  India,  explanation  of,  27,  72 
Louis  XVIII.  and  Felix  Smith,  organist,  349 


Louise   (Princess),  medal  to  commemorate  mar- 
riage of,  189 

Lowther  family,  388,  457,  518 
Loyal    and   Friendly  Society  of    the    Blue   and 

Orange,  170 
Lucius,  '  Original  Epistle  '  to,  alluded  to,  1625, 

449,  534 

Luck  cups,  historical,  possessors  of,  389,  436 
Lucknow,  the   relief  of,  and    Jessie  Brown,  328, 

416,  439 

Ludgate,  derivation  of  the  name,  485 
Ludlow  Castle  ruins,  whereabouts  of  panels  and 

furniture,  150,  196 
Lunatics  and  private  asylums,  book  on,  209,  251, 

395,  499 

Lush,  explanation  of  the  sxirname,  53,  118 
Lushington,  explanation  of  the  surname,  53,  118 
Luttrell  family  and  Domesday  Book,  365 
Lydford,  watchmaker's  epitaph  at,  265 
Lyndon  (Richard),  scholar  of  Trinity  Coll.,  Camb., 

'1694,  270 

Lyonesse,  allusions  to,  by  modern  writers,  286 
Lyons,  surgeon,  1725.  and  Benjamin  Franklin,  329 
'  Lyrics  and  Lays,'  by  Pips,  1867,  the  author  of, 

48,  94 

Lyster  (Thomas),  c.  1698,  his  biography,  209 
Lytton    (Edward    George,    Lord)    and   Benjamin 

Disraeli,  25 

Lytton  (Edward  Robert,  first  Earl  of),  his  memo- 
"rial  tablet,  165 

Mabuse,  picture  of  marriage  of  Henry  VII.,  7,  75  ; 

breed  of  dogs  in  Castle  Howard  picture,  227 
Macaulay  (Lord),  his  ancestry,  33  ;    his  allusions 
in  essay  on  war  of  the  Spanish  Succession,  207  ; 
his  last  lines,  a  riddle,  248 

M'Bride  (Rev.  John)  of  Belfast,  1713,  307,  438 
McClelland  (John)  of  North  Dakota,  d.  c.  1900,  267 
M'Clelland  (Judge),  c.  1800,  his  biography,  250 
M'Clelland  family,  69,  195,  399 
Macdonald  chieftainship,  settlement  of  feud,  306 
McNichol  (A.),  oldest  British  soldier,  206 
Maguire  (Mr.  Barney)  and  the  Coronation,  1838,. 

166 

Mahony  (Capt.  Dennis),  d.  1813,  107 
Maida,  regiments  present  at  the  battle  of,  110,  171, 

232,  271,  334,  492 
'  Mattre  Gue"rin,'  allusion  to,  290 
Malthus  (Thomas  Robert),  deacon,  1789,  126 
Manchester  /Emerson's  visit  to,  1847,  90  ;  epitaphs* 

in  St.  Ann's  Churchyard,  264 
Manger,  the  Sun  as  the,  astronomical  literature  on, 

469 

Manor  Court  Leet,  Hampstead,  held  1911,  526 
Manorial  custom,  Filey  Bay,  enforced,  327,  413 
Mantalini,     Dickens's      character,     and     WT.    M. 

Thackeray,  47,  153,  258 
Manuscripts :    relating  to  Dr.  John  Wolcot.  329, 

410;  unpublished  in  Libri  Sale,  388 
Manutius  (Aldus),  his  portrait  by  Bellini,  130 
Manzoni  (Alessandro),  his  '  Promessi  Sposi,'  trans- 
lator of,  1828,  408,  539 

Market  custom  at  Richmond,  Yorkshire,  307 
Markham  (Sir  John),  his  will,  1564,  328 
Marlowes,  origin  of  place-name,  370,  437 
Marriage  registers,  the  meaning  of  "  Fr."  in,  85 
Marryat  (Capt.),  his  '  Diary  of  a  Blase,'  409,  497 
Martin  (T.),  miniature  painter,  c.  1845,  509 
Mary  (Queen),  her  armorial  bearings  at  the  Coro- 
nation, 1911,  467 
Maryland  proverb,  1659,  "  Shoe  her  horse  round," 

387,  459 
Masonic  drinking-mug,  the  date  of,  168,  210 


552 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27,  1912. 


"  Master     of      Garra way's,"      Thomas     Benson, 

d.  1824,  90 
Mather  (William),  his  '  Young  Man's  Companion,' 

449 

*  Mayfair  in  Four  Cantos,'  1827,  509 
Mead  (Dr.  William),  centenarian,  d.  1652,310,379 
Meadows  (William),  d.  1811,  his  parentage,  469 
Medal,  commemorating  the  marriage  of  Princess 

Louise,  189;  with  Hebrew  inscription,  447,  510 
Medals  of  Lackington  the  bookseller,  470 
Medical  profession,   and  Corporation  of   London, 

425,  496 
'  Memoirs    of    H.R.H.    Charlotte    Augusta  '    and 

Elizabeth  Newman,  368 
Memorials  in  the  British  Isles,  181,  361 
Merchants  of  the  Staple  of  Calais,  Guild  of,  1661, 

507 

Meridian  of  London,  its  whereabouts,  228 
Merivale  (Dean),  illustration  of  perseverance,  10 
"  Meteor  Flag  "  =  Union  Jack,  108 
Metre,-   three-foot    anapaestic,    popular    in    18th 

century,  87,  136 

Metrical  and  rhythmical  prose,  426 
Michaelmas  Day  and  geese,  their  connexion,  450 
Michelet  (J.)  on  "  Ignoble  tobagie,"  248 
Middle  Temple  and  Sir  Francis  Drake,  347,  414, 

490 
Middleton  (Sir  Thomas),  his  wife  and  lineage,  169, 

212 

Midhurst,  arms  of  the  borough,  367 
Midhurst  Grammar  School,  names,  dates,  &c.,  308 
Mikszath  (Coloman),  Hungarian  writer,  his  works 

in  English,  310,  394 
Milan,  British  Royal  arms  in,  290 
Milburn,  White,  and  Warren  families,  508 
Miles  &  Evans's  Club,  St.  James's  Street,   1785, 

269,  312 

'  Milieux  d'Art,'  printed  1906,  the  author,  527 
Military  executions,   modus  operandi,  8,   57,   98 

157,  193,  237,  295,  354,  413,  458 
Milky  Way,  its  various  names,  135 
Millinery  in  1911,  86 
Milton  (John),  his  identity,  and  the  Company  of 

Coopers,  17 
Milton     (John),     '  Comus '     at     Co  vent     Garden 

Theatre,  348,  411 
Milton-next- Gravesend,  Manor  of,  ownership  of. 

1392-1405,  367,  436,  496 
Milward,  Ford,  and  Oliver  families,  189 
Mistletoe,  superstitious  associations,  502 
Mitres  worn  at  Coronations,  27,  72 
Money,  "  pounds  of  silver  "  and  "  gold,"  490 
'  Monsieur  Thomas,'  play,  meaning  of   a   line  in 

345 
Montaignac    (Francois    de    Gain    de),    Bishop    of 

Tarbes,  d.  1812,  386 
Monument  to  a  dog  at  Quilon,  49 
Moore  in  place-names,  origin  of  the  word    37    215 
Moory-ground,  origin  of  the  term,  37   215 
Morals,  W.  E.  H.  Lecky's  theory  of,  147 
Moray   (Earl   of),   his   "  bonny  "*  appearance,  68, 

More  in  place-names,  origin  of  the  word,  37    215 
Morland  (George),  inn  sign  painted  by,  447   498 
Morris  (Capt.  C.),  his  '  Solid  Men  of  Boston  '  342 
Moms   (Hannah )=  William  Woollett,    1758*,   346, 

Morris  (W.)  and  Kelmscott  Press  type   345    435 
Moscow,  cause  of  the  fire  of,  74,  116,  152 
Mother  and  son,  original  of  the  story,  9    77 
Mother  and  Three  Camps,'  military  music  with 

three  names,  227,  337 
Motto  and  arms  of  Robinson  family,  28 


Mottoes : — 

Audaces  fortuna  juvat,  298 

Crux  nostra  corona,  213 

Faithful  and  brave,  276 

La  Cabra  ha  Tornado  la  Granada,  290,  338, 
353,  437 

Longo  ordine  gentes,  406,  512 

Madr  er  moldur  auki,  28 

Nee  aspera  terrent,  199 

Prudens  que  patiens,  201 

Qui  mihi  non  credit,  367 

Sub  tegmine  fagi,  150 

Tarn  arte  quam  marte,  77 
Mourek  (Prof.  V.  E.)  of  Prague,  d.  1911,  385 
"  Mouse  of  the  mountains,"   from  apothecaries' 

catalogue,  1656,  189,  239 
Moyle  family,  book-plate  of,  210 
Mug,  Coronation,  picture  of  cock-fighting  on,  366 
Mug,  Masonic,  the  date  of,  168,  210 
Mummy  used  as  paint  by  artists,  7,  56,  138 
Municipal  records  printed,  list  of,  131,  390,  451 
Museums  of  London  antiquities,  34 
Music  :  R.  Fergusson  on  '  Scots  Music,'  35 
Music  and  rhythm  in  prose,  426 
Musician,  epitaph  on  a,  524 
"  Musle,"  "  Life  in  a  musle,"  meaning  of  the  word, 

307,  351,  373,  414,  476 
Mytton  and  Hardwicke  MSS.,  pedigrees,  327,  417 

"  N,"  curly  "  n  "  of  old  charters,  490 

Napier  (John),  1550-1617,  inventor  of  logarithms, 

89 

Napier  (Sir  Joseph),  1804-92,  his  epitaph,  366 
Napoleon  III.  and  Miss  Howard,  347,  430,  473,  535 
Naval  epitaphs  in  St.  Nicholas's,  Deptford,  464 
Necromancy,  meaning  of  the  pin  in,  368 
Needles  in  China,  quaint  use  for,  506 
Nelson  (Daniel),  c.  1775,  tailor  and  poet,  206,  495 
Nelson  (Lord)  and  the  phrase  "  Life  in  a  musle," 

307,  351,  373,  414,  476 

'  New  English  Dictionary,'  additions  and  correc- 
tions, 346,  368,  409,  475,  498,  525,  526 
Newcome  (Col.),  his  death,  literary  parallel,  225 
Newman    (Elizabeth)    and    '  Memoirs    of    H.R.H. 

Charlotte  Augusta,'  368 

Newman  (F.  WT.),  '  Paul  of  Tarsus,'  3rd  edition,  167 
Newspaper  "  editions,"  meaning  of  the  term,  388 
Newspapers,  "  silly  season  "  alluded  to,  1725,  366 
Newspapers,  South  Carolina,  1732-74,  168 
Newton  (Isaac)  and  his  namesake,  c.  1604,  108 
Niandser  (John),  c.  1414,  his  biography,  169,  213, 

254 

Nib  ^separate  pen-point,  54,  117,  158 
'  Nibelungenlied,'  localities  mentioned  in,  309,  395 
Nicholls  (Frank),  M.D.,  1699-1778,  421 
Nicolay  family,  407 
"  Ninny-broth  "     in    '  Hudibras    Redivivus,'     its 

meaning,  229 

Nisbet  (E.),  his  '  Caesar's  Dialogue,'  1601,  287 
Noel,  cook  to  Frederick  the  Great,  269,  438 
'  Noon  Gazette  and  Daily  Spy,'  daily  summary, 

c.  1781,  388,  459 
Norman  Court,  Hampshire,  nameless  pictures  at, 

309 

Norris,  origin  of  the  surname,  349,  417 
Notes  and  Queries,'  Edward    FitzGerald  a  con- 
tributor, 469 

'  Notwithstanding,"  "  during,"  a  point  of  gram- 
mar, 229 

Numerals,  Roman,  dates  in,  250,  315,  377,  437 
Nut,  "  the  Holy  Nut,"  meaning  of  the  term,  69, 
156,  298 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


INDEX. 


553 


O.K.,  explanations  of  the  term,  17 
Obituary : — 

Cokayne  (George  Edward),  200 

Easton  (W.  M.  Graham),  520 

Loftie  (Rev.  W.  J.),  20 

Lynn  (W.  T.),  520 

Ward  (Henry  Snowden),  500 
Officers'  mess  and  Army  bandmasters,  247,  296, 

364 
Officials  and  writers,  &c.,  of  Ceylon,  268,  313,  355, 

453 
Ogilvie  (Rev.  Dr.),  1803,  brother  of  the  poet,  227, 

494 

Oliver  (Henry),  centenarian  of  Dublin,  446 
Oliver  (Thomas),  Bond  Street,  1785,  290,  376 
Oliver,  Ford,  and  Milward  families,  189 
Ollney  (Lieut.-Col.),  d.  1837,  48,  256 
Omar  Khayyam,  bibliography,  328,  358,  497 
O'Meara    (Barry),    Bonaparte's    surgeon    at    St. 

Helena,  167,  216 

Orange  emblems,  glassware  with,  390 
Ordination  and  Oxford  degrees,  528 
Oregon,  American  Indian  place-name,  86 
Orgeat  =syrup  or  cooling  drink,  12 
Orkney,  Jo.  Ben.'s  '  Descriptio  '  of,  c.  1582,  89 
Otter  killed  at  City  station,  446 
"  Our  incomparable  Liturgy,"  origin  of  the  phrase, 

248 

Overing  surname,  89,  178,  216,  277,  499 
Owen  (John),  Bart.,  c.  1813,  his  pedigree,  310,  395 
Owen  (John)  of  Hemel  Hempstead,  schoolmaster, 

1720,  9,  318 

Oxen,  list  of  names  of,  466 
Oxford  degrees  and  ordination,  528 
Oyster  Club,  Dr.  Wolcot  connected  with,  329 

Paint,  mummy  used  as,  by  artists,  7,  56,  138 
Palace  of  Norman  kings,  Fordwich,  Kent,  4 
Palaeologus  family  in  England,  364 
"  Pale  beer,"  use  of  the  term,  1751,  26,  78 
Paris  barriers,  date  of  their  removal,  230,  293,  338 
'  Paris  Illustre,'  English  edition,  1888-9,  148 
"  Parkin  "  for  the  5th  of  November,  origin  of,  430 
Parliament,  payment  of   members,  instances,  187 
Parliamentary  slang  :    gag,  guillotine,  and  kan- 
garoo, 35 

Parodies  :   Gray's  '  Elegy,'  90,  135 
Parr   (Robert),   centenarian,   d.   1757,  tombstone 

inscription,  309,  378 

Parry,  Stuart,  Freeman,  Pyke  families,  164 
Patience  as  a  man's  name,  65 
"  Pe.  .tt,"  from  document,  1563,  missing  letters, 

469,  513 

Pearce  (Dr.  Zachary)  =Mary  Adams,  c.  1721,  247 
Peare  family,  270 
Pears:    "Bon    Chretien"    and     "  Doyenn6    du 

Cornice,"  309,  372 
Pears,  baked  =  "  wardens,"  sold  at  Bedford  Fair, 

309,  371.  438 

Peasant  drinking  song,  French,  109 
Pedestals  of  statues,  their  height  at  Rome,  389 
Peers  and  public-house  signs,  228,  271,  331,  456, 

493 

Penge,  origin  of  the  place-name,  330,  437,  497 
Peploe  family  grant  of  arms  in  1753,  508 
Pepys  (Samuel),  robbed  of  trunk,  its  contents,  326 
Per  centum,  derivation  of  the  symbol,  168,  238, 

272 
Percy  (Bishop  Thomas),  d.  1811,  his  grave  and 

inscription,  308 

Perforation  of  postage  stamps,  197,  298 
Peter  the  Great,  his  portraits,  17 


Philanthropic    Society,  c.   1813,    origin    of,    188, 

239 

Phillipps  family,  527      r    g     ' 
Pickering  Castle  and  Etherington  family,  290 
Picture  of  Pontefract  Castle,  c.  1600,  403,  496 
Pictures:    Houghton   Hall   collection,  their  sale, 

1779,  385 

Pictures,  curious,  of  Dr.  Butler,  1618,  489 
Piggott  (Ralph),  Catholic  judge,  1576,  38 
Pigtails  last  worn  in  British  Army,  17 
"  Pile  "  side  of  scissors,  meaning  of  the  word,  269, 

317 

Pin  in  necromancy,  meaning  of,  368 
Pindar  (Peter),  Dr.  Wolcot,  early  life,  329,  410 
Pirates  on  stealing,  origin  of  the  allusion,  248,  419- 
Pirton,  Herts,  apparition  at,  33,  134,  198 
Pitt  family  of  Cosey  Hall,  Gloucestershire,  330 
Pitti  Gallery,  portraits  in,  195 
Pitt's  Buildings,  houses  known  as,  1793,  50,  92 

Place-Names : — 

America,  in  Scotland,  469 

Burgh-on-Sands,  409,  457 

Burway,  169,  478 

Corrie  Bhreachan  or  Bhreachans  Cauldron, 
10,  58,  97,  137 

Dumbleton,  89,  136,  179 

Elsham,  269,  314,  455,  535 

Fserpinga,  43,  133,  196,  238 

Garugh,  369 

Gifla,  43,  133,  196,  238 

Grantham,  269,  314,  455,  535 

Haywra,  35,  96 

Hoboken,  86 

Indian  Queens,  128 

Isleworth,  43,  133,  196 

Islington,  43,  133,  196 

Kilbo  in,  290 

Knockabrow,  369 

Knockanegonly,  369 

Marlowes,  370,  437 

Moor,  More,  Moory-ground,  37,  215 

Oregon,  86 

Penge,  330,  437,  497 

Port  Henderson,  10,  58,  97,  137 

Rhoscrowther,  Llandegeman,  Rhos-y-crytherr 
329,  393 

Tattershall,  269,  314,  455,  535 

Thackray,  Thackwray,  283,  333,  418 

Wray  in,  283,  333,  418 
Plants  supposed  to  cause  disease,  530 
Plasse,  Weekes,  and  Glubb  families,  186 
Plays,  Elizabethan,  in  MS.,  205,  275 
Plume    (Archdeacon)    and    the    '  Dictionary    ol 

National  Biography,'  86 
Plump  in  voting,  use  of  the  term,  126 
Plumpton,  Sussex,  history  of  prisoner  at,  389 
Poet  and  tailor,  recruit's  legal  description,  206,  495 
'  Point  of  War,'  military  music  with  three  names, 

227,  337 
"  Polilla  "  =moth,  etymology  of  the  Spanish  word, 

490 
Pons  (Comte    de),    1747-93,  his  Christian  name, 

110 

Pontefract  Castle,  picture  of,  c.  1600,  403,  496 
Pope,  his  position  at  Holy  Communion,  105,  179, 

Pope    (Alexander),   quoted   in    court   of   justice, 
48  •    and    the     Rev.   Mather  Byles,    166  ;    his 
description  of  Swift,  270,  314,  419 
Porch  inscription  in  Latin,  330,  457,  516 
Port  Henderson,  Scotch  place-name,  10, 58, 97, 137 
Portrait  found  in  an  Indian  bazaar,  505 


554 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912 


Portrait  of  a  lady  at  Hampton  Court,  her  name 

505 

Portraits  of  Broadbent  families,  1650-1800,  530 
Post  Office  Savings  Bank,  its  Jubilee,  423 
Postage  stamps,  perforation  of,  197,  298 
Prayer,   daily,   used   in  House   of   Commons,   its 

author,  38 
Precedence  at  Court  of  wife  of  Privy  Councillor, 

388 
Preston  (John),  D.D  ,  c.  1630,  list  of  his  works,  308, 

370 
Price  (Dr.  William)  and   revival  of   Druidic  cult, 

230,  273 

'  Prick  of  Conscience,'  its  author,  1.1,  73 
Pridden  (J.),  bookseller,  on  St.  Bride's  Religious 

Society,  448 

Printing*  unpublished  MS.  on,  1762,  388 
Prior  (Matthew),  poet,  his  birthplace,  161 
Prior  (Matthew)  of  Long  Island,  c.  1668,  447 
Prison,   King's  Bench,  Southwark,   debtor's    life 

in,  410 

Prisoner  at  Plumpton,  Sussex,  history  of,  389 
"  Privet,"  etymology  of  the  word,  46 
Process  block  and  wood  engraving,  289,  413 
Procter    (B.  W.),  "  Barry    Cornwall,"    autograph 

verses  by,  48 
Profane     swearing,    public    reading    of    the    Act 

against,  386 

*  Progress  of  Error,'  poem,  the  author  of,  389 
Proofs  seen  by  Elizabethan  authors,  86 
Prose,  metrical  and  rhythmical,  426 

Proverbs  and  Phrases:— 

All  my  eye  and  Betty  Martin,  207,  254,  294, 

313,  377 

All  my  eye  and  Tommy,  207,  254 
All  who  love  me,  follow  me,  426,  494 
As  dark  as  a  stack  of  black  cats,  287 
As  sure  as  God  made  little  apples,  289,  377 
Beat  as  Batty,  250,  314 
Bed  of  roses,  126,  176,  216 
Broken  counsellor,  1709,  368,  458,  496 
Busy  as  Batty,  250,  314 
Castle  in  the  air,   or  in  Spain,  66,  113,  178, 

259 

Every  Irishman  has  a  potato  in  his  head,  209 
Fine  flower  of  poetry,  430 
Folish  babeling,  408,  475 

Happy  the  country  whose  annals  are  dull,  68 
Harp  struck  by  lightning,  449,  498 
His  beake  greater  than  his  wingrf,  69 
In  spite  of  his  teeth,  267 

J'y  suis,  j'y  reste,  44,  94,  155,  197,  252,  294 
Make  a  long  arm,  44,  118,  158,  215,  498 
Our  incomparable  Liturgy,  248 
Paint  the  lion,  109 

Put  that  in  your  pipe  and  smoke  it,  207,  259 
Riding  the  high  horse,  490 
Rydyng  aboute  of  victory,  408,  474 
Sabbath  day's  journey,  429 
Scotch  science,  250 
Shoe  her  horse  round,  387,  459 
Strip  and  go  naked,  366 
Take  a  back  seat,  7 
Tea  and  turn  out,  170,  235,  336 
Tertium  quid,  97 
Think  it  possible  that  you  may  be  wrong,  68, 

Tout  comprendre  c'est  tout  pardonner,   86, 

136,  154,  236 
Wait  and  see,  74,  157 

Ware  and  Wadesmill  worth  half  London,  167 
Watching  how  the  cat  jumps,  106 


Pugh  (David),  his    pseudonym  David  Hughson, 

70,  116,  198 

Pugh  (Edward),  artist,  c.  1793,  71,  116,  198 
'  Punch,'  Edward  VII.  in,  as  baby  and  boy,  64 ; 

seventieth  birthday  commemoration,  81 
Purcell  (Daniel),  organist,  his  biography,  368,  538 
Purcell  (Edward),  organist,  368,  470,  514 
Purvis  surname,  290,  357 
Pyke,  Day,  and  Freeman  families,  428 
Pyke,  Reeve,  Day,  and  Sharpe  families,  489 
Pyke,  Stuart,  Freeman,  Parry  families,  164 
Pyne  (W.  H.),  his  '  Wine  and  Walnuts,'  1823,  227 

Quatre  Bras,  Capt.  John  Kynoch  killed  at,  348 
"  Quiddits,"    origin   and   meaning   of   the    word, 

424 

"  Quillets,"  origin  and  meaning  of  the  word,  424 
Quilon,  monument  to  a  dog,  49 

Quotations : — 

[A]  factious  mouther  of  imagin'd  wrongs,  109 

A  succession  of  falls,  228 

Affection  never  to  be  weaned  nor  changed,  488 

Al  tuo  martirio  cupida  e  feroce,  209 

All  heaven  and  earth  are  still,  though  not  in 

sleep,  189,  276 

Amurath  to  Amurath  succeeds,  507 
And    Cottle,    not    he    whom    Alfred    made 

famous,  428,  496 

And  now  a  poet's  gratitude  you  see,  113 
And  when  he  died,  he  left  his  lofty  name,  109 
Anglicus   a   tergo   caudam   gerit  ;     est  pecus 

ergo,  46 

Any  fool  can  annex,  449 
Aux  artistes  qui  n'ont  pas  brille,  328 
Behold  the  fate  of  sublunary  things,  309 
But  the  rose's  scent  is  bitterness,  428 
Call  it  but  pleasure,  and  the  pill  goes  down, 

488 

Coughing  in  a  shady  grove,  103,  152,  276 
Earth  is  less  fragrant  now,  and  heaven  more 

sweet,  428 
Effigiem  Christ!  dum  transis  pronus  honora, 

28,  436 

Envy,  eldest  born  of  Hell,  12 
Fly /Honesty,  fly,  408,  476 
Give  me  the  child  untilhe  is  seven  years  old,  8 
Go,  litel  book !     God  send  thee  good  passage, 

34 

Haud  tibi  spiro,  65,  198 
I  knew  not  what  it  was  to  die,  488 
I  would  rather  know  less  than  know  so  much 

that  isn't  so,  28,  114 
If  thou  do  ill,  the  joy  fades,  not  the  pains,  309, 

356 
In  smoke  thou'rt  wisdom,  and  in  snuff  thou'rt 

wit,  88 

It  chanced,  Eternal,  329,  414,  476 
It  is  not  growing  like  a  tree,  449,  516 
Jesus  Crist,  and  seynt  Benedight,  243 
Let  this  be  held  the  Farmer's  Creed,  6 
Like  flowers  in  mines,  that  never  see  the  sun, 

469 

Man  doth  usurp  all  space,  449 
M^priser  1'erreur,  c'est  vouloir  l'homme,  n'est- 

il  pas  ?  149 
Morn  on  the  waters  !    and  purple  and  bright, 

468 

Morning  arises,  stormy  and  pale,  507 
Move  swiftly,  sun,  and  fly  a  lover's  pace,  28, 

76 
Multi  ad  sapientiam  pervenire  potuissent,  88, 

295 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27,  1912. 


INDEX. 


555 


Quotations  :— 

O,  Willie  has  gone  to  the  Parliament  House, 

108 

One  of  thy  tressed  Curls  then  falling  down,  374 
Pectoris  et  cordis  pariter  proprieque  monile, 

276 
Quam    nihil   ad   genium,    Papiniane,    tuum  ! 

325,  531 

Quoniam  11011  cognovi  litteraturam,  88,  136 
Buns  thus  forever  Time's  untarrying  river, 

388 

St.  Swithin's  Day,  if  thou  dost  rain,  45,  94 
Sanctimonious  ceremony,  228 
Schicksal  und  eigene  Schuld,  13,  57 
Search  the  sacred  volume.     Him  who  died, 

189 
Set  me  whereas  the  sun  doth  parch  the  green, 

365 

Six  hours  for  a  man,  seven  for  a  woman,  449 
Smug  and  silver  Trent,  16 
Spiritus  non  potest  habitare  in  sicco,  488 
Such  thoughts  the  past  bestoWs  on  us,  469 
Summer   isles   of   Eden,   set   in  dark  purple 

spheres  of  sea,  329 

The  bee  and  spider  by  a  diverse  power,  538 
The  cook,  her  book,  16 
The  gods  never  give  with  both  hands,  228 
The    life    that    Nature    sends     Death    soon 

destroyeth,  507 

The  more  he  saw,  the  less  he  spoke,  8,  58 
There  are  two  heavens,  both  made  of  love,  28 
They  cut  his  throat  from  ear  to  ear,  244,  394, 

458 

They  lit  the  fire,  and  fairies  came,  88 
Though  Christ  a  thousand  times  be  slain,  28, 

97,  535 

To  know  what  you  prefer,  428,  496 
Tranquillizing  influence,  228 
Tumble-Down  Dick  was  the  sweetest  of  men, 

153 

Unreasonable,  reasonable  creature,  329 
Vir  bonus  es  doctus  prudens  ast  haud  tibi 

spiro,  65,  198 

We  all  in  one  pinnace  are  rowing,  88 
We  hurry  to  the  river  we  must  cross,  408,  476 
When  Dick  the  Fourth  began  to  raigne,  207 
WThen  I  lie  in  the  cold  brown  earth,  329,  414 
When  life  as  on  an  evil  dream  looks  down 

upon  its  wars,  209 

Whether  on  the  scaffold  high,  8,  58,  337 
Winder,  which  is  the  seed  of  knowledge,  28: 

Y  ddioddeuoedd  y  oruy,  1627,  490 
Quotations,  King's  '  Classical  and  Foreign,   323 
Quotations  in  Washington  Irving's    Sketch-Book, 

109,  129,  148,  156,  196,  217,  275 
Quotations  in  Jeremy  Taylor,  12 2 

Bazs  left  at  holy  wells,  38 

Baikes    (Bobert),    Sunday-school    pioneer,    his 


,  the  earliest  with  passengers 

Bailway,  temp.  Elizabeth,  worked  by  horses,  20€ 

Bailwav  notice,  Avignon,  1790,  1^6 

Baine  (John),  c.  1783,  his  family  and  biography 

Bategh  (Sir  WT.),  his  house  at  Youghal,  407, ,472 
Bamlay  (Allan)  and  Thomas  D'Urfey,  58   94 
Raphael,  his  cartoons  copied  by  Le  Blon  1729,  26 
Bating  the  clergy  for  armour,  earliest  date  of,  468 
532 


laynsford  (Thomas)  =  Barbara  Bentley,  408 
Beady-Money  Mortiboy,"  original  of,  205 
^ebus  in  '  Ingoldsby  Legends,'  170,  216 
Records,  municipal,  list  of  printed,  131,  390,  451 
Sectors'  Confederation,  London,  469 
-eeye,  Day,  Pyke,  and  Sharpe  families,  489 
legiment,  28th,  at  Cape  St.  Vincent,  1797,  name 

of  the  ship,  288,  517 

Regiment,  75th,  at  Delhi,  c.  1857,  its  history,  288 
Legimental  sobriquet,  1813,  446,  515 
legiments  present  at  the  battle  of    Maida,  110, 

171,  232,  271,  334,  492 

Registers,  marriage,  the  meaning  of  "  Fr."  in,  85 
leid   (Mr.  Secretary  Thomas),  his  seven  theses, 

1609-10,  163,  234 
leprieve  for  99  years,  granted  1751,  70 

Besurrectipn  men,"  their  strike,  1811,  408 
leynolds  (Sir  Joshua),  and  Miss  Ilickey,  129  ;   his 

MS.  notebooks,  218 
Ihoscrowther :     Llandegeman :     Bhos-y-cryther, 

change  of  place-name,  329,  393 
Bhoscrowther,  Pembrokeshire,  list  of  incumbents 

of,  349;  Bishop  Chirbury  at,  1451,  349 
Ihythm  in  prose  and  music,  426 
lichard  I.,  his  statue  in  London,  285 
Richmond,  Yorkshire,  market  custom  at,  307 
Biddies  :    Spirit    of    our    mother,   10,    58 ;    Lord 

Macaulay's  last  lines,  248 
ling,  gold,  found  at  Verulam,  c.  1850,  248 
ling,  magic,  George  Eliot  on,  48 
lipon  famous  forger,  c.  1570,  date  of  his  death,  9 
'  Boad  to  Jerusalem,"  Nottingham  tavern  sign, 
208 

Bobbers'  Cave,'  the  author  of,  448 
lobinson  family  arms  and  motto,  28 
Bod-titles  :    Black  Bod,  18 
Rogers  (George  Alfred),  wood  carver,  and  Grinling 

Gibbons,  217,  255,  299 
Bolle  (Bichard)  and  '  The  Prick  of  Conscience,'  11, 

73 

Boman  numerals,  dates  in,  250,  315,  377,  437 
'  Bose  of  Normandy,"  London  tavern,  its  demoli- 
tion, 26 

Bosebery  (Lord)  on  useless  books,  386 
Rosebrook  (John),  killed  by  lightning,  1866,  147 
Ross  (Alexander),  c.  1500,  his  parentage  and  date 

of  death,  308 

Boss  (William),  b.  1574,  his  biography,  308 
Bowe,     Cressingham,    Spettigue,    and    Carpenter 

families,  24,  77,  113,346 
Boyal  Exchange,  frescoes  and  statues,  138,  176, 

499 
Boyal  Household,  history  and  officials  of,  89,  137, 

234 

Boyal  Society,  its  rarities,  1681,  18 
Boyal  Standard,  use  of  separate  quarters,  85 
Bussell  (Col.)  and  Fort  Bussell.  Canada,  c.  1760, 

130 

Bussell  (Dr.  Bichard),  "  father  of  modern  Brigh- 
ton," d.  1771,  509 

Bustat  (John),  chaplain  to  Charles  II.,  his  bio- 
graphy, 29 
St.  Andrews  (Boger,  Bishop  of),  and  Ermengar1, 

Queen  of  Scotland,  245 

St.  Bride's  Beligious  Society,  J.  Pridden  on,  448 
St.  Bridget  and  the  cow,  15th-century  picture,  189. , 

236 
St.   Clement  the  Pope,  his  day  kept  by  Wyre- 

mongers,  c.  1480,  147,  196 
St.  Columb  and   Stratton  accounts,  temp. 

St.  Dunst'an  and  Tunbridge  Wells,  54,  98 
St.  Esprit,  church  dedicated  to,  209,  25  < 


556 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


St.  Expeditus,  a  mythical  saint,  45,  92 

St.  Febronia,  her  martyrdom,  189,  236 

St.  Foillan,  her  history,  189,  236 

St.  Francis  of  Assisi  and  his  snoAV  family,  parallel 

story  of,  c.  250,  486 

St.  Frideswide  of  Oxford,  old  MS.  Life  of,  288 
St.  George  and  the  dragon,  16 
St.  George  and  the  lamb,  36 
St.  Gertrude  and  the  mouse,  meaning  of  picture  of, 

189,  236 

St.  Hugh  and  "  the  Holy  Nut,"  69,  156,  298 
St.  John  (James)  of  South  Carolina,  d.  1743,  268 
St.  John  (James  Augustus),  1801-75,  journalist,  468 
St.   John's,   Westminster,   inscriptions   in  burial- 
ground,  302,  403 

St.  Lugidio,  Irish  name,  English  equivalent,  10 
St.    Martin's    Lane,   site   of   the    "  FiAres   Court," 

c.  1803,  110,  155,  176,  231 
St.  Mary-le-bone  Charity  School,  Avail-inscription, 

St.  Nicholas,  Cole  Abbey,  inscriptions,  184 

St.  Olave's,  Silver  Street,  churchyard  inscriptions, 

385 

St.  Patrick  and  shamrock,  16,  76 
St.  Paul  and  Longinus,  64,  133 
St.  Sabinus  Avrecked  on  Woolacombe  Sands,  47, 

158 

St.  Salyius  wrecked  on  Woolacombe  Sands,  47,  158 
St.  SAvithin,  c.  800,  his   burial,  and  the  Aveather, 

45,  94 
St.    Wilfrid's    needle,    Fuller    quoted    in    '  Ripon 

Guide,'  507 

St.  William's  Day,  observance  of,  in  York,  507 
Sainte-Beuve  and  a  catalogue  quotation,  328 
Saint- Just,  the  life  of,  in  English,  90,  137 
Saints,  Welsh,  their  canonization,  328 
Salamanca,  battle,  1812,  Capt.  G.  Stubbs  killed  at, 

"  Salamander  "=  heavy  bloAAT,  origin  of  the  mean- 
ing, 427 

Salisbury  family  of  Westmeath,  249 
"  SamhoAvd  "=to  take  hold  of,  use  of  the  Avord, 

446 

Sampler,  map  of  England,  its  date,  449 
Sampson  (Elizabeth)  =  Robert  Jefferson,  1739,  330 
Sampson  family  of  Yorkshire,  138 
Sandgate,  Military  Canal  at,  23 
Sankey  (Dr.  F.  E.),  his  Avife,  c.  1800,  7 
Saturday,  Dark  Saturday,  25  Feb.,  1597,  454,  528 
Savage  (Philip),  Chancellor  of  Ireland,  d.  1717,  509 
Savings  Bank,  Post  Office,  its  Jubilee,  423 
"  Scammel  "  =  to  tread  on,  origin  of  the  word,  229, 

Scavenger  and  scaArager,  etymology  of  the  \vord, 

School  muserim,  apophthegms  for,  10 

School-book,  18th-century,  289,  392 

Schoolboys,     Irish,    descriptions    of     parents,    c. 

1750,  70,  138 

Schools,  Sunday,  in  1789,  465 
Scissors,   "  pile  "  side  of,  meaning  of  the  word, 

269,  317 

"  Scotch  science,"  origin  of  the  terra,  250 
Scots  and  Ulster  Scots  in  America,  444 
Scots  Guards  and  the  King's  health,  165 
Scots  music,  Robert  Fergusson  on,  35 
Scott  (Sir  W.),  Fingon  clan  in  '  Waverley,'  37  ; 
manna  of  St.  Nicholas  "  in  '  Kenilworth,'  75  ; 

and  the  inscribed  stone  in  '  The  Antiquary,'  443 
Scutari,  Gordon  House,  origin  of  the  name,  210 
Seal,  Elizabethan,  1591,  armorial  device  on,  90 
Seal  Avith  crest  and  "  S.  M.,"  18th-century,  90 
Second  sight,  tAvins'  poAver  of.  54, 156,  259,  299,  379 


Selden  (John),  1584-1654,  "force"   in  his  'Table 

Talk,'  229,  278,  495 
"  Selfist,"  use  of  the  word,  267 
Senior  Classics,  names  of  the  schools  of,  69,  115 
Senior  Wranglers,  names  of  the  schools  of,  69,  115 
"  Sense-carrier,"  origin  of  the  word,  187 
"  Sepurture,"  meaning  and  origin  of  the  word,  427 
Serjeant,    "  Prime   Serjeant,"    official   Irish  title, 

c.  1750,  470,  516 

Serjeants'  Inn,  Chancery  Lane,  dinner  in  1839, 5,  73 
"  Sevecher,"  meaning  of  the  word,  209,  259 
Sevenoaks,  sundial  inscription,  1630,  307 
Shakespeare  (J.)  at  Barking,  Essex,  1595,  426 
Shakespeare  (W.),  noble  families  in,  248,  296,  398, 
458  ;    allusions  to,    365  ;    and   Weever's  '  Epi- 
grams,' 384  ;  compared  with  Balzac,  509 
Shakespeares  in  the  18th  century,  146,  252 

Shakespeariana : — 

As  You  Like  It,  Act  IV.  sc.  i.,  "  pathetical," 

425 
Hamlet,  Act  III.  sc.  i.,  "  take  arms  against  a 

sea  of  troubles,"  84 
2  Henry  IV.,  Act  II.  sc.  iv.,  Ulysses  and  Utis, 

83,  243,  425 
Henry  V.,  Act  IV.,  Chorus,  "and  through  their 

paly  flames,"  84 

King  Lear,  Act  I.  sc.  i.,  division  of  the  king- 
dom, 425  ;   Act  III.  sc.  vi.,  the  Court,  243 
Luciece,  1086,  "  Revealing  day  through  every 

cranny  spies,"  243 
"  Quiddits  "  and  "  quillets,"  meaning  of  the 

words,  424 

Sonnet  CXLVL,  "  Warray,"  84,  243 
Titus  Andronicus,  Act  V.  sc.  i.,  "  As  true  a 

dog  as  ever  fought  at  head,"  85 
Twelfth  Night,  Act  II.  sc.  v.,  "  The  lady  of 

the  strachy,"  83 

Sharpe,  Reeve,  Day,  and  Pyke  families,  489 
Sharri  Tephlia  Society,  its  history  and  temple,  149, 

215 
Sheep,  their  colour  influenced  by  drinking-water, 

16 

Sheffield  cutlery  in  1820,  French  book  on,  428 
Sheridan     (R.  'Brinsley),    his     '  Critic,'     and    T. 

Vaughan,  47,  94 
Sheriff,  Lord  Chief  Justice,  and  ventilation,  169, 

217,  257,  315 

Shetland  words,  their  meaning,  108 
Shift  weaving,  Shetland  term,  its  meaning,  108 
Shipdem  family,  37 
Signature  of  clerks  of  the  peace,  369 
Signs,  country  inns,  c.  1715,  226,  462.     See  Tavern 

Signs. 

Signs,  London,  list  of,  226 
Silchester,  Hants,  Avail  church  in,  235 
"  Silly   season "    for   newspapers,    alluded   to   in 

1725,  366 
Sinecures  in  Government   gift  temp.  George  III., 

107,  177,  195 
"  Sisterly,"  "  fraternal,"  philological  compari^n, 

369 
Sit  well  (Sir  G.),  his  '  The  Normans  in  Cheshire, 

151 

Skeat  (Prof.)  on  derivations,  7,  118 
Skill  (F.  J.),  c.  1824-81,  unappreciated  artist,  203 
Slang  terms  derived  from  gipsy  language,  409,  478 
Sloane  (Sir  Hans),  d.  1753,  and  George  Edwards, 

190 

"  Slook,"  kind  of  edible  seaweed,  469,  532 
Smith  (Felix),  organist,  and  Louis  XVIIL,  349 
Smith    (Madeleine    Hamilton),  tried   for   murder, 
1857,  247,  311 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27,  1912. 


INDEX, 


557 


Smollett  (T-  G.),  Dr.  Arnold   on  •  Humphry  Clin- 
ker,' 348 

Snakes  drinking  milk,  206 

"  Sniping,"  military  term,  early  instances  of,  267 
Soldier,  oldest  in  British  Army,  joined  1837,  206 
Soldiers,  going  into  action  naked,  271,  334,  492; 

allowed  to  grow  beards,  386,  458 
Somerby,   Lincolnshire,   epitaphs   in   churchyard, 

A\)O 

-Son  and  mother,  original  of  the  story,  9,  77 
Songs  and  Ballads: — 

A  lobster  in  a  lobster-pot,  108,  157 
Bonny  Earl  o'  Moray,  68,  154 
Cockles  and  Mussels,  408 
Howden  Fair,  325,  439 
I  Believe  in  Human  Kindness,  69 
Lizzie  Lindsay,  33 

t         O  for  the  Life  of  a  Soldier,  29,  96 
Old  Clem,  289,  354,  415 
Old  Morgan  at  Panama,  408,  492 
Pour  eViter  la  rage  de  la  femme,  109 
Solid  Men  of  Boston,  342 
They  asked  him  down  from  London  Town, 

244,  394,  458,  537 
Tweedside,  87,  136 
Wee  Wee  German  Lairdie,  14,  52 
Ye  Mariners  of  England,  108 
Young  Son  of  Chivalry,  150 
Sorb  or  whitty  pear  tree,  Wyre  Forest,  destroyed 

1862,  145 
Soubise  (Marquis  de),  Thackeray's  allusion  to  his 

cook,  270 
Souchy  =  fish  stew,  old  cooking  recipe,  13,  96,  137, 

276,  435 
Southey   (Robert),   celebrities   referred  to   in  his 

letters,  429,  538 
Southwark,  King's  Bench  Prison,  debtor's  life  in, 

410 
Spanish  Armada,  ship  wrecked  in  Tobermory  Bay, 

46 

Spanish  motto,  its  meaning,  290,  338,  353,  437 
Spanish  titles  granted  to  Irishmen,  427 
Spenser  (Edmund)  and  Dante,  447,  515 
Spettigue,  Carpenter,  and  Bowe  families,  346 
Spider  stories,  26,  76,  115,  137,  477 
Spurring  (Richard  ^Eneas),  his  book-plate,  289 
Stafford  family  of  Wokingham,  268 
Stamps,  postage,  perforation  of,  197,  298 
"  Stand  it,"  use  of  the  phrase,  465,  536 
Standard,  Royal,  use  of  separate  quarters,  85 
'  Standard  Psalmist,'  arranged  by  W.  H.  Birch, 

c.  1857,  348,  433 

Stanhope  (John),  London  printer,  1664,  48 
Staple  of  Calais,  Guild  of  Merchants  of,  1661,  507 
Statues  :   Wellington  in  London,  55  ;   and  frescoes 
in   Royal    Exchange,    138,    176,    499  ;     in   the 
British  Isles,  181,  361 ;  royal,  of  London,  188, 
398  ;    Richard  I.  and  William  III.  in  London, 
285  ;     in    Venice,    308,    394  ;    height    of    their 
pedestals  at  Rome,  389  ;   equestrian,  removed 
from  Cavendish  Square,  527 

Stealing,  pirates  on,  origin  of  the  allusion,  248,  419 
Stevens  (Alfred),  lions  modelled  by,  349,  438 
Stevenson  (R.  L.),  as  a  scientific  observer,  205; 

his  allusion  to  '  Maitre  Guerin,'  290 
Stewart  (Major- General  Alexander),  1740-94,  67 
Stock  (Mr.),  bibliophile,  1735,  307,  356,  459 
Stockings,    black    and    coloured,    166,  214,    257, 

297 

Stone  (G.),  Archbishop  of  Armagh,  55 
Stone,  inscribed,  discovered  at  Bellevue,  c.  1779 : 
parallels  in  Soott  and  Dickens,  443       .    ,:  '\ 


Stonehenge,  legend  of  the  origin  of,  128,  178,  235, 
295,  395 

Stones,  holed  bridal,  origin  of,  227,  463,  533 

Strahan  (Andrew  and  William),  letters  written  to, 
67 

Stratton  and  St.  Columb  accounts,  temp.  Eliza- 
beth, 7,  74 

Straw  under  bridges  being  repaired,  508 

Strawberry  Hill,  '  Description  of  the  Villa,'  pub- 
lished 1774,  207,  251 

Street  names:  Fox  and  Knot,  130,  178;  Walm, 
290,  358,  517 

Street  nomenclature,  origin  and  meaning  of,  187, 
236,  339 

"Strikefire"  =gin,  use  of  the  word,  366 

"  Strip  and  go  naked  "=gin,  366 

Stuart  (Lady  Elizabeth),  Darnley's  sister,  her 
marriage,  89 

Stuart,  Freeman,  Parry,  Pyke  families,  164 

Stubbs  (Capt.  G.),  killed  at  Salamanca,  1812,  529 

Students,  eleemosynary,  and  German  universities, 
25 

Stuff  weaving,  Shetland  term,  its  meaning,  108 

Submarine  boats  in  1828,  346 

"  Subway,"  use  of  the  word  in  America,  487 

Sun  as  the  Manger,  astronomical  literature  on, 
469 

Sunday  schools  in  1789,  465 

Sundial  inscription,  Sevenoaks,  1630,  307 

Superstition  of  Finch  family,  246 

Surnames : — 

Arno,  290,  376 

Bagstor,  170,  213,  417 

Bulfin,  Bulfinch,  Bullyvant,  Buttyvant,  18, 

117,  158 
Catholick,  529 
Churchill,  233,  434,  491 
De  la  in  English,  127,  174 
Gee,  158 

Haldeman,  329,  398 
Halfacree,  134,  179 
Jew  and  Jewson,  209,  258 
Lush,  Lushington,  53,  118 
Norris,  349,  417 
Overing,  89,  178,  216,  277,  499 
Purvis,  290,  357 
Sweetapple,  213 

Surrey  (Earl  of)  and  J.  A.  de  Baif,  c.  lo,32,  6bo 
Surrey     Institute     and    Swedenborgian     hymns, 

409* 
Sustermans    (Justus),    1597-1681,    portraits    by, 

195 
"  Swale,"  American  and  English  meanings  of  the 

word,  67,  114,  175,  351,  438,  495 
Swammerdam,  his  '  History  of  Insects    translated, 

18 
Sw"anland    (Simon   de),    London   merchant,    and 

Edward  IL,  1 
"  SWeal,"  American  and  English  meanings  ot  the 

word,  351,  438,  495 
Swearing,  profane,  public  reading  of  Act  against, 

1819,  386 
Swedenborgians,  titles  and  authors  of  their  hymns, 

409 

"  Sweet  lavender,"  the  street-cry,  66 
Sweetapple  Court,  origin  of  the  name,  116 
Sweetapple  surname,  213 
Swift    (Dean),   Pope's    description   of,  ^ 270,    dl-i, 

419;    and    'The    Intelligencer,'    first    edition, 

407,  473  .    ,     -,  , 

"Swiss  Cottage  Tavern,"  its  removal,  464,  514 
Syllepsis  or  zeugma  :    '  Pickwick,   3b6 


558 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


"  Taborer's  Inn,"  temp.  Edw.  II.,  34 

Tailed  Englishmen,  from  a  mediaeval  MS.,  46 

Tailor  and  poet,  recruit's  legal  description,  206, 

495 

Tarras  (Earl  of),  his  daughter's  marriage,  326 
Tattershall,    pronunciation    of    place-name,    269, 

314,  455,  535 

Tavern  Signs: — 

Antigallican,  512 
Road  to  Jerusalem,  208 
Hose  of  Normandy,  26 
Swiss  Cottage,  464,  514 
Taborer's  Inn,  34 
Tumble-Down  Dick,  90,  153 
Whacok,  97 

Taverns:  in  London,  226  ;  country,  r.  1715,  226, 
462  ;  named  after  peers,  228,  271,  331,  456, 
493 

Taxi-aero  at  Lucerne,  1911,  5 
Taylor  (Jeremy),  quotations  in,  122 
Teeth,  diatoric,  derivation  of  the  word,  290,  395, 

459 

Telegraph,  use  of  name  in  magazine  title,  1796,  149 
Temple  Church  organ  and  Judge  Jeffreys,  13 
Tennis      Court,    Haymarket,    the    site     of,     110, 

155,  176,  231 

"  Terrapin,"  origin  of  the  word,  106,  318 
'  Test  amenta  Eboracensia,'  meaning  of  words  in, 

128 
Thacker    (William),    c.    1821,  date  of    his  death, 

270 

Thackeray  (W.  Makepeace),  1811-63,  centenary 
notice, '21,  61,  101,  141,178;  and  Dickens's 
Mantalini,  47,  153,  258  :  his  Col.  Newcome, 
literary  parallel,  225  ;  and  the  Marquis  de  Sou- 
bise's  cook,  270  ;  origin  of  the  name,  283,  333, 
418:  and  a  child,  325 
Thackery,  Thackray,  origin  of  the  name,  283, 

333,  418 

Theakston  family,  468 
Theatre,  anonymous  essay  on  the,  c.   1775,  247, 

315,  355 

"  Theatregoer,"  quotations  before  1885,  127 
Thekeston  or  Thexton  family  of  Yorkshire,  488 
Theorist.  French,  on  love,  alluded  to  by  Stevenson, 

228 

Thermometer,  earliest  use  of  the  word,  87,  134 
Theses,    seven,  by    Mr.   Secretary  Thomas   Reid, 

1(309-10,  163,  234 
'  Thespian  Telegraph,'  dramatic  magazine,   1796, 

149 

Thexton  or  Thekeston  family  of  Yorkshire.  488 
Thiers    (J.    B.),    his    '  Trait  6    des   Superstitions,' 

530 
Thirteenth,    early    English    tax,     167,    213,    238, 

272 
Thomson,    Bonar    &    Co.,  London    firm,  c.   1775, 

31 
4i  Thon,"  "  thonder  "  =yon,  yonder,  vise  of,  before 

1800,  327,  373 
"  Thorpsman  "  =  village!-,  etymology  of  the  word, 

327,  373 

Thunderstorm  over  the  Vosges,   1908,  split  hail- 
stones, 9 
Thurtell  (John)  and  William  Webb's  ballad,  244, 

394,  458,  537 
"  Thyinalos,"  from  apothecaries'  catalogue,  1656, 

189,  239 
Thynnc  family  of  Longleat   and  Sir  W.   Covert, 

r.  1630,  209* 
Tickets    for    the    Crystal    Palace,    c.    1858,    405, 

476 


Tilney  or  Tylney   (Lord),   d.    1784,  his  character. 

508 
Tiretta   (Edward),   c.    1757,   friend  of   Casanova, 

461 

Titles,  Spanish,  granted  to  Irishmen,  427 
Toad  or  frog  mugs,  the  date  of,  168,  210 
Tobacco,  Dr.  Samuel  Johnson  on,  148,  175 ; 

Michelet  on,  248 
Tobermory  Bay,  ship  of  Spanish  Armada  wrecked 

in,  46 
Tolmens,  perforated  stones,  cure  for  diseases,  463. 

533 
Tombstones,    figures    rising    from  the    dead  on, 

37 

Traitors'  Gate,  Tower  of  London,  date  of,  430 
Trees  growing  from  graves,  250,  297 
Tromp  (Admiral)  in  England,  1639,  48 
"  Tumble-Down  Dick,"  tavern  sign,  and  Richard 

Cromwell,  90,  153 
Tunbridge  WTells  and  St.  Dunstan,  the  tradition. 

54,  98 
Tunnel,  Channel,   and   Mr.   Gladstone,  verses  on, 

108 
Turnbull  (Andrew)  of  Tweedmouth,  c.  1750,  428. 

499 

Turner  family  of  Sussex,  407 
Turnspit  to  the  king,  a  member  of  Parliament,  107. 

177,  195 
Turton    (Laura)    =  Nathaniel     Gordon,    c.      1760. 

127 

Tweedmouth  and  Berwick-on- Tweed,  428,  499 
'  Tweedside,'  song  and  metre.  87,  136 
Twins  and  second  sight,  54,  156,  259,  299,  379 
Tylney   or   Tilney  (Lord),   d.    1784,  his  character. 

*508 

Type,  Kelmscott  Press,  345,  435 
Ulster,  called  "  Ultonia  "  in  mediaeval  times,  26 
Ulster  Scots  in  America,  444 
"  Ultonia  "  —  Ulster  in  mediaeval  times,  26 
Uniacke  family,  188,  276 
Union  Jack  called  "  Meteor  Flag,"  origin  of  the 

phrase,  108 
United  States,  foreign  journals  published  in,  1910, 

466,  514 

"  United  States  security,"  from  Dickens's  '  Christ- 
mas Carol,'  508 
Universities,  German,  and  eleemosynary  students, 

25 

Upham,  Latin  tombstone  inscriptions,  330 
Urban  V.  (Pope),  1362-70,  his  family  name,  204, 

256,  316,  456,  499,  518 
Urquhart  (Lieut.  C.  Gordon),  1811,  his  marriage, 

229 

"  V,"    "  w  "   pronounced   like,   Cockney  habit   of 

speech,  326 

Vane  (Sir  Henry)  and  Jacob  Behmen,  367 
Vatican  frescoes,  words  on,  69,  116,  154 
Vaughan   (T. ),   author,    d.    1811,   and   Sheridan's 

'  Critic,'  47,  94 

Venice,  statues  and  library  in,  308,  394 
Ventilation,  Lord  Chief  Justice   and  the  Sheriff, 

169,  217,  257,  315 

Verulam,  gold  ring  found  at,  c.  1850,  248 
Vicar,  church  closed  at  his  death,  1827,  286 
Victoria  (Queen),  her  maternal  great-grandmother, 

12  ;  her  visit  to  the  Marquis  of  Anglesey,  67, 

113,  134,  197 

Viper  and  cow  folk-lore,  147 
Virgin  Mary   (Blessed),    Guild   or   Fraternity  of, 

c.  1790,  490,  538 
"  Vive  la  Beige,"  medal  inscription,  c.  1865,  129, 

174,  215,  498 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


INDEX. 


559 


"  W  "   pronounced  like   "  v,"   Cockney  habit  of 

speech,  326 

Waddesdon  and  Westcott,  Bucks,  67 
"  Wait  and  see,"  political  catchword,  74,  157 
Waiter,  murdered,  charged  for  in  the  bill,  date  of 

story,  66 
Wakefield,  '  Vicar  of  Wakefield,'  its  locality,  170, 

216 
Wales    (Frederick  Lewis,  Prince  of),  baptism  of 

his  children,  266 

Wall  church  at  Silchester,  Hants,  235 
Wallace  (Sir  William),  his  \Velsh  descent,  146 
Waller  (Baron  de),  character  in  fiction,  his  identity, 

329,  412 

Waller  (Sir  Robert)  at  Agincourt,  329,  412 
"  Walm,"  derivation  of  the  street-name,  290,  358, 

517 
Walters,    Halley,    Ward,    and    Wright    families, 

389 

Walton  (Izaak),  his  wives,  10 
Wanstead  Flats,  George  III.'s  review  of  troops, 

310 
Ward,    Wright,    Walters,    and    Halley    families, 

389 
"  Wardens  "  =baked  pears,  sold  at  Bedford  Fair, 

309,  371,  438 
"  Ware   and   Wadesmill :     worth   half   London," 

origin  of  the  phrase,  167 
Warner  (John)  =  Avice  Capell  or  Mrs.  Jone  Abbott, 

c.  1616,  174 

Warren,  White,  and  Milburn  families,  508 
Warts,  charms  to  cure,  446 
Warwick  Churchyard,    Cumberland,    epitaph    in, 

525 

Wasps  and  the  weather,  267 
Watch  (Will),  the  smuggler,  his  identity,  35 
Watchmaker,  epitaph  at  Lydford,  265 
Watchmakers,  their  sons  distinguished  in  art  and 

letters,  269,  336,  494 
Water  supply  of  London,  1641,  121 
Water-suchy,     old     cooking     recipe,    137,      276, 

435 
Waterton  (Charles),  naturalist,  his  pamphlets,  228, 

295 

Watkins  (Henry),  M.P.  1712,  170,  214 
Weare  (Mr.  Wm.)  and  William  Webb's  ballad,  244, 

394,  458,  537 

Weather,  influence  of  saints  on,  45,  55,  94;    fore- 
told by  wasps,  267 
Weather,  dry,  1805,  1815,  contemporary  accounts, 

409,  495 
Weavers,  Guilds  of,  in  16th  and  17th  centuries,  8, 

50, 118 
Webb  (William),  comedian,  article  on,  1839,  68  ; 

and    the    cut -throat    baUad,    244,    394,    458, 

537 

Weekes,  Plasse,  and  Glubb  families,  186 
W7eever  (John),  his  '  Epigrams,'  1599,  and  Shake- 
speare, 384 

Wellington    (Duke    of),   statues   in   London,    55 ; 
his  first  school,  107,  454 ;  journal  of  his  Penin- 
sular campaign,  the  author,  148 
Wells,  sacred,  rags  and  clothes  left  at,  38 
Welsh  saints,  their  canonization,  328 
Wesley  (Eliza),  her  relatives,  508 
Wesley  (John),  MS.  journals,  their  whereabouts, 

qoq 

West  (Benjamin),  his  picture  of  death  of  General 

West  India  Committee,  c.  1759,  its  early  history, 

507 

WTest  Indians  and  the  Coronation,  41 
Westcott  and  Waddesdon,  Bucks,  67 


Westminster,  inscriptions    in    St.  John's    burial- 
ground,  302,  403 

Wey,  battle  on  the,  1274,  24,  77,  113 
"  Whacok,  le,"  sign  in  1404,  97 
Whig  Club  book,  from  1784,  46 
White,  Warren,  and  Milburn  families,  508 
Whitehead  family,  309 
Whittington  and  his  cat,  Eastern  variants,  503, 

522 

Whitty  or  Sorb  pear  tree,  destroyed  1862,  145 
"  Wigesta,"  land-name  in  '  Tribal  Hidage,'  304 
Wild    (Jonathan),  his   influence  commented   on, 

1725,   305;    his   "Ghost   resolving  questions," 

308,  357 

Wilkes,  Griffin,  and  Arnold  families,  249 
William  III.,  his  statue  in  London,  285 
Wilson  family,  certificates  of  baptism  of,  470 
Wimple,  Scotch  use  of  the  word,  138,  218 
Wint  (Peter  de),  artist,  his  works,  93 
Wolcot  (Dr.  John),  "  Peter  Pindar,"  his  early  life, 

329,  410 

Wolfe  (General),  picture  of  his  death,  446 
Wollstonecraft   (Mary),   c.    1784,   her  allusion  to 

"  Mrs.  Brown,"  208 
Women  carrying  their  husbands  on  their  backs, 

279 
Woodberry    (George),    1792-1819,    his    relatives, 

428,  517 
Woodward   (Major  Benjamin),   Cromwellian,   his 

biography,  8 

Wooldridge  (Thomas),  Alderman,  c.  1789,  206 
Woollen,  burial  in,  and  "  dolberline,"  368,  498 
Woollett   (William)  =  Hannah  Morris,   1758,   346, 

437 

Woolley  (Dr.),  his  wife,  c.  1800,  7 
Wordsworth  (W.)  and  "  Quam  nihil  ad  genium, 

Papiniane,  tuum,"  325,  531 
Worsley  (John),  Hertford  schoolmaster,  c.  1730- 

1740,  368,  474 

Wray  =  corner,  in  place-names,  283,  333,  418 
WTright,    Walters,    Halley,     and   Ward    families, 

389 
Wright's    Buildings,  houses  known  as,   1793,  50, 

92 
Writers  and  officials,  &c.,  of  Ceylon,  268,  313,  355, 

453 

"  Writes  me,"  use  of  the  phrase,  465,  536 
Wyatt  (Benjamin  Dean),  his  biography,  289 
Wyatt  (M.  C.),  his  statue  of  George  III.,  147 
Wymondley  chestnut  tree  and  Julius  Caesar,  287, 

Wyre  Forest,  Sorb  or  Whitty  pear  tree,  destroyed 

1862,  145 
Wyremongers,  St.  Clement's  Day  kept  by,  c.  1480, 

147, 196 

Yarm,  sign  commemorating   Private  T.   Brown, 

448,  514 
Yelverton    (Speaker)    and    House    of    Commons 

prayer,  38 
Yews,    their    association  with    churchyards,    03, 

York  (Duchess  of),  d.  1820,  her  will,  67 
'  Young  Man's  Companion,'  date  of  first  edition, 
449 

Zadig    of   Babylon,    temp.    King    Moabdar,    269, 

O1  rj 

Zeugma  or  syllepsis  :    '  Pickwick,'  366 
Zucchero  (Frederick),  his  portraits  of  Queen  Eliza- 
beth, 244,  292 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


AUTHORS'      INDEX. 


A.  (C.)  on  figment  about  John  Balliol,  225,  333 

Abrahall  (W.  Hoskyns)  on  Sun  as  the  Manger, 
469 

Abrahams  (Aleck)  on  British  Museum  :  earliest 
Guide,  205.  Club  Etranger  at  Hanover  Square, 
216.  Coull's  (Thomas)  London  Histories,  230. 
Crosby  Hall,  435.  Crystal  Palace  tickets,  476. 
Elstob  (Charles),  413.  Fire  of  London  :  French 
Church  in  Thread  needle  Street,  9.  History  of 
England  with  riming  verses,  376.  Jrving's 
(Washington)  '  Sketch-Book,'  196.  Kilmar- 
nock  (Lords)  and  Balmerino  :  their  funeral,  224. 
King's  Theatre  (Opera-House),  Haymarket,  495. 
Learned  horses,  478.  London  directories  of  the 
eighteenth  century,  243.  '  Noon  Gazette  and 
Daily  Spy,'  388.  Oliver  (Thomas),  Bond 
Street,  376.  "  Rose  of  Normandy,"  Marylebone 
Gardens,  26.  Royal  Society  :  its  rarities,  18. 
St.  Bride's  :  J.  Pridden,  448.  St.  Frideswide 
of  Oxford,  288.  '  Thespian  Telegraph,'  149. 
"  Tout  comprendre  c'est  tout  pardonner,"  136. 
"  Tumble-Down  Dick,"  90.  Water  supply  of 
London  in  1641,  121 

Adams  (J.  Quincy),  jun.,  on  Fulke  Greville,  Lord 
Brooke  :  his  epitaph,  301 

Aitcho  on  Bristol  board,  8.  Gibbons  (Grinling), 
89.  Morland's  (George)  inn  sign,  498 

Anderson  (P.  J.)  on  theses  by  Mr.  Secretary 
Thomas  Reid,  163 

Anderton  (H.  Ince)  on  Bardsey  family,  488 

Andrews  (S.)  on  wall  churches,  235 

Anglo-Parisian  on  Napoleon's  Imperial  Guard,  351. 
Stockings,  black  and  coloured,  298 

Anscombe  (A.)  on  Matthew  Arnold  on  modern 
hurry,  37.  Aynescombe,  Surrey,  130.  B  and 
G  confused  in  Domesday  and  Feudal  Aids,  17. 
"  Gifla  "  :  Isle  worth  :  Islington,  43.  Penge  as 
a  place-name,  497.  "  Wigesta,"  304 

Antrim  on  Anglo-Saxon  obsolete  words,  470 

Apperson  (G.  L.)  on  "  Castles  in  Spain  "  :  "  Castle 
in  the  air,"  178.  Emerson,  Heine,  and  Franklin 
in  England,  152.  Johnson  and  tobacco,  148. 
•'  Old  Clem  "  :  '  Great  Expectations,'  354. 
Ralegh  (Sir  Walter),  his  house  at  Youghal, 
473.  "  Vive  la  Beige,"  175 

Ardagh  (J.)  on  London's  royal  statues,  188 

Arkle  (A.  H.)  on  Antigallican  Society,  513.  Arno 
surname,  290.  Signs  of  old  country  inns,  462. 
Yarm  :  Private  Brown,  514 

Armytage  (G.  J.)  on  burial  inscriptions.  416 

Aspinall  (Algernon  E.)  on  West  India  Committee, 

507 
Astarte   on   authors    of    quotations  wanted,  329. 

Wasps  forecasting  the  weather,  267 
Austen  (Canon  G.)  on  St.  William's  Day,  507 
Austin   (Roland)  on  Bristol  M.P.'s  :    Sir  Arthur 
Hart  and  Sir  John   Knight,    292,    373.     Luck 
cups,    436.        Peers    immortalized    by    public- 
houses,    493.       '  Pickwick    Papers  '  :    printers' 
errors  in  first  edition,  353 


Axon  (W.  E.  A.)  on  '  Account  of  some  Remark- 
able Passages  in  the  Life  of  a  Private  Gentle- 
man,' 305.  'Caxton  Memorial,'  313.  De 
Quincey's  '  Opium-Eater,'  1853,  466.  Price 
(Dr.),  the  Druid,  274.  St.  Francis  of  Assisi  and 
his  snow  family,  486.  Zadig  of  Babylon,  317 

B.  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  488 
B.  (B.)  on  Sir  John  Arundel  of  Clerkenwell,  97. 
Bishopsgate  Street  Without  :  Sir  Humphrey 
Cahoon  or  Colquhoun,  118.  Sampson  family  of 
Yorkshire :  Lord  de  Blaquiere,  138 
B.  (C.  C.)  on  Jane  Austen's  '  Persuasion,'  339. 
'  Convict  Ship,'  515.  Gordon's  (Rev.  Patrick) 
'  Geography,'  237.  Gray's  sonnet  '  On  the 
Death  of  Mr.  Richard  West ' :  "  complain,"  276. 
'  Guesses  at  Truth  '  :  contributors,  276. 
"  Happen,"  497.  Hemans  (Felicia),  534. 
Metrical  prose,  426.  Milky  Way  :  its  various 
names,  135.  '  New  English  Dictionary '  : 
"  Simple  "  to  "  Sleep,"  346.  Peers  immor- 
talized by  public-houses,  271.  '  Pickwick 
Papers  '  :  printers'  errors  in  first  edition,  248. 
"  Road  to  Jerusalem,"  inn  sign,  208.  Shake- 
speare and  "  warray  "  :  Sonnet  cxlvi.,  243. 
Stockings,  black  and  coloured,  214 
B.  (E.  G.)  on  baked  pears  =  "  wardens  "  :  Bedford 
Fair,  371.  Stockings,  black  and  coloured, 
214 

B.  (G.  F.  R.)  on  H.  Betlmne  Abbott,  149.  Adden- 
brooke  (John),  410.  Affleck,  (Gilbert)  149. 
Alabaster  (William),  389.  Anstruther  (Robert), 
M.P.,  389.  Bell  (Beaupre),  528.  Burial  in- 
scriptions, 416.  Card  (Henry),  528.  Cormell 
(Cambridge).  389.  Covert  (Cockerell),  389. 
Egerton  (F.  T.).  410.  Elstob  (Charles),  210. 
Eltham  (Abraham),  210.  England  (George), 
210.  Griffith  (George),  Bishop  of  St.  Asaph, 
528.  Racket  (Sir  Andrew),  68.  Hakluyt  (Ed- 
mund), 68.  Hare  (St.  John),  169.  Hawes 
(Thomas),  169.  Heathfield  (John),  149.  Hem- 
ington,  169.  Hering  (Julius  [?  Julines]),  169. 
Herringman,  89.  Hicks,  89.  Hill  (Langley), 
169,  535.  Hindle  (John),  528.  Hook  (James), 
109.  Hooker  (Thomas),  109.  Horry  (Daniel), 
89.  Horsley  (Samuel),  68.  Huck  (Richard), 

109.     Hughes  (William),  109.     Iliff  (Rev. ), 

210.  Innys  (James),  429.  Ireland  (George), 
210.  Ivatt,  210.  Ives  (William),  429.  Ivison 
(John),  429.  Jadis  (Henry  Fenton),  410.  Jelfe 
(Turpin),  469.  Jermyn  (Stephen),  469.  Jesson 
(William),  469.  Johnson  (Duke),  230.  Jones's 
(Mary)  execution,  1771,  414.  Juson  (Warren), 
469.  King  (Bevington),  230.  Kingsley  (Wil- 
liam), 230.  Kirby  (Hamilton),  230.  Knowles 
(Charles),  230.  Lanoe  (Lewis),  270.  Leigh 
(Philip),  270.  Lodge  (Robert),  270.  Lyndon 
(Richard),  270.  Prime  Serjeant,  516.  Russell 
(Dr.  Richard),  509.  Wyatt  (Benjamin  Dean), 
289 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


INDEX. 


561 


B.  (H.)  on  "  Blue  Peter  "  :    "  Blue  fish,"  108 

B.  (H.  A.)  on  Saint- Just,  90 

B.  (H.  I.)  on  "  As  sure  as  God  made  little  apples," 
377.  Aske  (Robert),  441 

B.  (J.)  on  Edward  Casaubon,  507.  Farington  of 
Worden,  477.  Son  and  mother,  77 

B.  (M.  A.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  189 

JB.  (B.)  on  '  Old  Morgan  at  Panama,'  492.  Bail- 
way  :  fire-damp  :  early  mention,  206 

JB— r  (B.)  on  Frank  Buckland,  295.  '  Church 
Historians  of  England,'  58,  154.  "  Swale,"  its 
American  and  English  meanings,  176.  Tweed- 
mouth,  499 

B.  (B.  S.)  on  Miss  Howard  and  Napoleon  III.,  535. 
Sitwell  (Sir  G.),  'The  Normans  in  Cheshire,' 
151.  Thirteenth,  213,  238 

B.  (W.)  on  "  America  "  as  a  Scottish  place-name, 
468.  "  Bonny  Earl  o'  Moray,"  154.  Dickens 
and  Thackeray,  258.  Emerson  and  Heine  in 
England,  115.  Irving's  (Washington)  'Sketch- 
Book,'  196.  Nelson  :  "  musle,"  477.  "  Wim- 
ple," 138,  218 

B.  (W.  C.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  136. 
"  Castles  in  Spain  "  :  "  Castle  in  the  air,"  113. 
Christmas :  bibliography  and  notes,  503. 
Cowper  on  Langford,  151.  Cromwelliana,  344. 
Deer-leaps,  138.  Delafield  (Bev.  Thomas  and 
Joseph),  339.  Early  arms  of  France,  451. 
Elizabeth's  (Queen)  Day  :  17  November,  439. 
Filey  Bay  :  manorial  custom,  327,  413.  Fire- 
papers,  406.  "  Grecian  "  in  1615,  337.  Irving's 
(Washington)  '  Sketch-Book,'  156.  "  Kidkok," 
195.  Law-hand,  486.  Oxen :  their  names, 
466.  St.  Nicholas,  Cole  Abbey  :  inscriptions, 
184.  '  Slang  Terms  and  the  Gipsy  Tongue,' 
478.  '  Standard  Psalmist '  :  W.  H.  Birch  : 
Bev.  W.  J.  Hall,  434.  Stockings,  black  and 
coloured,  214.  Tattershall :  Elsham  :  Grant- 
ham,  314.  Thackeray :  Wray,  333.  "  Thy- 
malos  "  :  "  Mouse  of  the  Mountains,"  239. 
"  Walm "  as  a  street-name,  517.  Yarm : 
Private  Brown,  514.  Yews  in  churchyards, 
155. 

B.  (W.  E.)  on  "but  "="  without  "  in  the  Bible, 
158 

Bacon  (F.)  on  Bacon  family  of  Wiltshire,  189 

Baddeley  (St.  Clair)  on  Dumbleton,  place-name, 
136.  Kniveton  family,  269.  Vatican  frescoes, 
116.  Wellington's  Peninsular  Campaign,  148 

Bagster  (S.  S.)  on  Bagstor  surname,  170.  Ken 
(Bishop)  :  Izaak  Walton's  wives,  11 

Baker  (C.  T.)  on  Baker  family  of  Sissinghurst, 
209 

Baldock  (G.  Yarrow)  on  Maida:  Begiments  De 
Watteville  and  De  Bolle,  172 

Ball  (J.  Dyer)  on  spider  stories,  115 

Balston  (T. )  on  Washington  Irving's  '  Sketch- 
Book,'  109,  129,  148 

Barnard  (H.  C.)  on  Dr.  Barnard,  Provost  of  Eton, 
50.  Downman  (John),  A.B.A. :  Misses  Clarke  : 
Barnard,  328.  Haggatt  family,  388 

Barrow  (T.  H.)  on  "  dillisk  "  and  "  slook,'  533. 
Downman  (John),  A.B.A.  :  Misses  Clarke  : 
Barnard,  458.  Dumas  (Alexandre)  on  Cleo- 
patra's Needles,  246.  Grand  Khaibar,  339. 
History  of  England  with  riming  verses,  278. 
Holed  stones  :  tolmens,  533.  Peers  im- 
mortalized by  public-houses,  271.  "Pe..tt, 
513.  Waller  (Baron  de) :  Sir  Bobert  Waller  at 
Agincourt,  412 

Bartelot  (B.  G.)  on  Bev.  Phocion  Henley,  177 

Bayley  (A.  B.)  on  William  Alabaster,  514.  Ashley 
or  Astley  (Mistress  Katherine),  13.  Bacon 


family  of  Wiltshire,  239.  Belly  and  the  body, 
76.  Campbell's  '  Napoleon  and  the  English 
Sailor,'  156.  "  Caratch,"  237.  Early  arms  of 
France,  450.  George  V.'s  (King)  ancestors,  134. 
Henry  VII.  and  Mabuse,  75.  Hooker  (Thomas), 
154.  House  of  Commons  Prayer :  Speaker 
Yelverton,  38.  Hughes  (William),  154,  Jadis 
(Henry  Fenton),  499.  Jew  and  Jewson  sur- 
names, 258.  Lamb's  '  Bosamund  Gray,'  36. 
Mummy  used  as  paint  by  artists,  57.  Noble 
families  in  Shakespeare,  296.  O'Meara  (Barry), 
Napoleon's  surgeon  at  St.  Helena,  216.  Balegh's 
(Sir  Walter)  house  at  Youghal,  473.  Boyal 
jubilees,  12.  St.  Dunstan  and  Tunbridge  Wells, 
54.  Saint- Just,  137.  Spenser  and  Dante,  515. 
Stone  (Archbishop)  of  Armagh,  55.  Stone- 
henge  and  Merlin,  178.  '  Waverley  '  :  "  Clan 
of  grey  Fingon,"  37 

Bayne  (T.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  516. 
Battle  on  the  Wey  :  Carpenter,  Cressingham, 
and  Bowe  families,  113.  Burns  and  '  The  Wee 
Wee  German  Lairdie,'  52.  "  But"  ="  with- 
out "  in  the  Bible,  78.  Cuckoo  and  its  call,  75. 
Deer-leaps,  194.  D'Urfey  and  Allan  Bamsay, 
94.  '  Comus  '  at  Covent  Garden  Theatre,  412. 
Hacket  cow,  445.  Hemans  (Felicia),  534. 
Lamb's  '  Bosamund  Gray,'  36.  Linlathen : 
its  position,  205.  Nelson  :  "  musle,"  477. 
Scots  music,  35.  Spenser  and  Dante,  515. 
"  Thon  "  :  "  thonder,"  373.  '  Tweedside,'  song 
and  metre,  136.  "  Wait  and  see,"  157 

Beatty  (Joseph  M.),  jun.,  on  White  :  Warren  : 
Milburn,  508 

Beaven  (A.  B.)  on  Bristol  M.P.'s  :  Hart  and 
Knight  families,  372.  Corbett  (Charles),  book- 
seller, 197.  Watkins  (Henry),  M.P.,  214 

Beazant  (H.)  on  ancient  metal  box,  258.  Beszant 
family  of  Wiltshire,  250 

Beddoe  (H.  C.)  on  John  Addenbrook  :  date  of 
death,  497 

Bedwell  (C.  E.  A.)  on  Sir  Francis  Drake,  unus 
de  Consortio  Medii  Templi,"  414 

Bellewes  (G.  O.)  on  Manor  of  Milton-next- 
Gravesend,  367,  496 

Bennetto  (A.  E.)  on  Bennetto,  448 

Bense  (J.  F.)  on  "  All  my  eye  and  Betty  Martin, 
207,  313.      "Had  I  wist,"  475.      "  Souchy  "  : 

tt  i  1        _     5)        A  O  CT  "\T7«  4-rtV»*v»rt  V^kT»0        C!4-hYlC        rt^sft 


435. 


Watchmakers'  sons,  336 
96.     Austen's 


water-suchy, 

Bensly  (Prof.  E.)  on  "  agasonic, "  96.  Austens 
(Jane)  'Persuasion,'  339.  Authors  of  quota- 
tions wanted,  76,  113,  295,  436,  538.  Belly 
and  the  body,  77.  Burton's  (Bobert)  library, 
44.  Gibber's  '  Apology,'  475.  Donny  family, 
518.  Du  Bellay,  459.  Elector  Palatine  c.  1685, 
136.  Elizabeth  (Queen)  at  Bishop's  Stortford, 
72.  George  V.'s  (King)  ancestors,  232.  Gray  s 
'  Elegy  '  :  translations  and  parodies,  90.  Heine 
and  Byron,  338.  "  Hie  locus  odit,  amat,  &c., 
279,  318.  '  Intelligencer,'  473.  Irving  s 
(Washington)  'Sketch-Book,'  275.  Kings 
'  Classical  and  Foreign  Quotations,  323.  Leigh 
(Theophilus),  D.D.,  537.  Longinus  and 
Paul,  133.  Mummy  used  as  paint  by  artiste, 
56.  Peers  immortalized  by  public-houses,  332. 
Pope  and  Byron  quoted  in  a  court  of  justice,  48. 
Pipe's  description  of  Swift,  314,  419.  Porch 
inscription  in  Latin,  457,  516.  Quotations  in 
Jeremy  Taylor,  122.  Seventeenth-century  quo- 
tations, 276.  Sheep:  their  colour,  16.  Son 
and  mother,  77.  Stock  (Mr  ),  ^bhophile  1735, 
356.  "Tertium  quid,"  97.  "  Vir  bonus  es 
doctus  prudens  ast  haud  tibi  spiro,"  65.  Zadig 
of  Babylon,  317 


562 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


Bett  (H.)  on  "  Though  Christ  a  thousand  times  be 
slain,"  535 

Bevan  (F.  E.)  on  George  Eliot  on  a  magic  ring,  48 

Bibong  on  Longinus  and  St.  Paul,  133 

Biborg  on  Matthew  Arnold  on  modern  hurry,  37 

Biddulph  (H.)  on  "sniping":  early  instances, 
267 

Birch  (J.  Basil)  on  Glastonbury,  and  Joseph  of 
Arimathea,  448 

Bird  (W.  H.  B.)  on  John  Niandser,  254 

Black  (W.  G.)  on  Pope's  position  at  Holy  Com- 
munion, 105,  492 

Black  Cap  on  prisoner  at  Plumpton,  389 

Blair  (Sir  D.  O.  Hunter)  on  House  of  Commons 
Prayer  :  Speaker  Yelverton,  38.  St.  George 
and  the  lamb,  36.  St.  Patrick  :  St.  George,  16 

Bbackley  (Horace)  on  "  All  my  eye  and  Betty 
Martin,"  294.  Antigallican  Society,  448.  Bar- 
nard family,  328.  Bill  of  Rights  Society,  388. 
Casanova  in  England,  382.  Casanoviana.,  461. 
Corradini  (Signora),  268.  Howard  (Miss)  and 
Napoleon  III.,  347,  473.  Jones's  (Mary)  exe- 
cution, 1771,  347.  King's  Bench  Prison, 
Southwark,  410.  King's  Theatre  (Opera- 
House ),  Haymarket,  405.  Stafford  family  of 
Wokingham,  268.  Tilney  or  Tylney  (Lord), 
508.  Worsley  (John),  schoolmaster  at  Hert- 
ford, 368 

Bloom  (J.  Harvey)  on  Simon  de  Swanland  and 
King  Edward  II.,  1 

Blunt  (T.  P.)  on  Shakespeariana,  424 

Boase  (F.)  on  Miss  Howard  and  Napoleon  III., 
432 

Bodley  (J.  E.  C. )  on  French  coin:  Republic  and 
Empire,  211.  Military  and  naval  executions, 
193 

Bolland  (W.  C.)  on  Admiral  Donald  Campbell,  68 

Bonar  (Horatius)  on  Bonar  :  Thomson,  Bonar 
&  Co.,  31 

Bostock  (R.  C.)  on  Sir  John  Fenwick,  beheaded 
in  1697,  249 

Bradbrook  (W.)  on  "Broken  counsellor,"  458. 
Domesday  Book  and  the  Luttrell  family,  365. 
History  of  England  with  riming  verses,  418. 
Jadis  (Henry  Fenton),  473.  Purvis  surname, 
357 

Bradley  (H.)  on  Prime  Serjeant,  470.  "Selfist," 
267.  "  Sense-carrier,"  187.  "  Sepurture,"  427 

Bradshaw  (C.  E.)  on  Bennett,  the  Lancashire 
murderer,  429 

Brandreth  (H.  Samuel)  on  "  Happy  the  country 
whose  annals  are  dull,"  68 

Brehaut  (I.  L.)  on  touching  a  corpse,  95 

Brent  (R.  F.)  on  Maryland  proverb  :  "  Shoe  her 
horse  round,"  387 

Breslar  (M.  L.  R.)  on  "  As  sure  as  God  made  little 
apples,"  289.  Browning's  (Reuben)  Latinity, 
249.  Emerson  :  "  Mr.  Crump's  whim,"  108. 
Emerson  and  Manchester,  90.  Emerson  in 
England,  69.  Epitaphia.na,  525.  "  Every 
Irishman  has  a  potato  in  his  head,"  209. 
"  Fent,"  trade  term,  410.  Friday  as  Christian 
naine,  310.  Gautier  (Theophile),  293.  Grand 
Sharri  Tephlia,  215.  '  Guesses  at  Truth  '  : 
contributors,  229.  Herbert  (Lord)  of  Cher- 
bury's  Rabbinical  studies,  506.  Joseph  (Capt. 
Benjamin),  530.  Kingsley  and  Browning,  330. 
Leman  Street,  E.,  316.  Lyons,  surgeon,  1725, 
329.  "  Nib  "=  separate  pen-point/  158.  Per 
centum  :  its  symbol,  238.  Porch  inscription 
in  Latin,  517.  "  Riding  the  high  horse,"  490. 
Southey's  (Robert)  letters,  429.  Spenser  and 
Dante,  447.  Watchmakers'  sons,  269,  494 


Brierley  (Henry)  on  Princess  Victoria's  visit  to 
the  Marquis  of  Anglesey,  197 

Brockwell  (M.  W. )  on  Avignon :  old  railway 
notice,  126 

Brodribb  (C.  W.)  on  Gray's  '  Elegy  '  :  translations 
and  parodies,  135 

Brooke  (C.  F.  Tucker)  on  '  Interludium  de  Clerico 
et  Puella,'  266 

Brownbill  (J.)  on  Burghal  Hidage,  2.  "  Gifla," 
133.  "  Gifla  "  :  "  Faerpinga,"  238.  Hamp- 
shire :  its  formation,  482 

Browning  (W.  E.)  on  authors  of  quotations 
wanted,  76.  Scissors  :  "  pile"  side,  317 

Bull  (Sir  W.)  on  Duchess  of  York,  1820,  67 

Bulley  (H.  A.)  on  Gower  family  of  Worcester- 
shire, 53 

Bulloch  (J.  M.)  on  dog's  monument  at  Quilon,  49, 
Dublin  Gunns,  449.  Gordon  (Col.),  508. 
Gordon  (Second  Duke  of )  :  a  curiosity  in 
bibliography,  165.  Gordon  House,  Scutari,  210. 
Gordon  of"  Park  baronetcy,  306.  Gordon's 
(Rev.  Patrick)  '  Geography,'  188.  Lithography 
and  Sir  J.  Willoughby  "  Gordon,  90.  Tailor 
and  poet,  206.  Tarras  (Earl  of),  326.  Turton 
=  Gordon,  127 

Burch  (R.)  on  early  English  bookbindings,  468 

Burch  (R.  M.)  on  Raphael's  cartoons  :  Le  Blon's 
copies,  269 

Burd  ( W. )  on  Latin  accentuation,  448 

Burdon  (C.  S.)  on  Army  bandmasters  and  the 
officers'  mess,  296.  Arno's  Grove,  528.  Bearded 
soldiers,  386.  Commissioned  bandmasters,  364. 
Cuckoo  and  its  call,  96.  Kelmscott  Press  type, 
345,  435.  Masonic  drinking-mug,  168.  Mili- 
tary executions,  98,  295.  '  Pickwick  Papers  '  : 
printers'  errors  in  first  edition,  293.  WTood 
engraving  and  process  block,  413 

Burl  (D.  A.)  on  Rev.  Patrick  Gordon's  '  Geo- 
graphy,' 237 

Burrell  (J.  Bowen)  on  Burrell  family,  389 

Burton  (R.  J.)  on  deer-leaps,  194 

Bushby  (E.  F.)  on  '  Cockles  and  Mussels,'  408 

Butler  (C.  E. )  on  Raikes  Centenary,  37 


C.  (E.  H.)  on  ear-piercing,  481.      Price  (Dr.)  the 

Druid,  230 

C.  (F.  C.)  on  dates  in  Roman  numerals,  378 
C.  (F.  H.)  on  "  J'y  suis,  j'y  reste,"  252 
C.  (G.  du)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  329 
C.  (G.  E.)  on  Patience  as  a  man's  name,  65 
C.  (H.  M.)  on  George  III.  and  the  dragon  :    M.  C. 

Wyatt,  147 

C.  (J.  H.)  on  Somerset  Carpenter  arms,  527 
C.  (L.)  on  rhythm  and  music,  426 
C.   (Leo)   on  Beauclerk  family,  468.       Broadbent 

portraits,  530.     Bullyvant  :    Buttyvant,  18 
C.  (S.  D.)  on  Commonwealth  churches,  18.      Fox 

and    Knot    Street,    178.       Halfacree    surname, 

179 

C.  (T.)  on  Prime  Serjeant,  516 
C.    (W.    B.)   on   authors    of   quotations    wanted, 

8,    488.      Berri  (Duchesse    de)  et   de   St.  Leu", 

368 

C.  (W.  H.)  on  Elector  Palatine,  c.  1685,  68 
Campbell  (Colin)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted, 

329 

Carey  (C.)  on  aviation  in  1911  :   the  taxi-aero,  5 
Carey  (T.  W.)  on  Le  Botiler    or   Butler  family, 

310 

Carlton  (W.  J.)  on  Timothy  Bright,  531 
Carrington  (A.)  on  John  Raine,  c.  1783,  229 
Caswall  (K.  E.)  on  Angell  family  of  Berks,  310 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


INDEX. 


563 


Chambers  (L.  H.)  on  Barnard  family,  478.  Ches- 
ham  Bois  inscriptions,  123.  Elstob  (C.),  317. 
Gibbons  (Grinling),  138.  Henley  (Bev.  Pho- 
cion),  129.  Mead  (Dr.  William),  centenarian, 
310.  Parr  (Bobert),  centenarian,  309.  Purcell 
(Daniel),  368.  Purcell  (Edward),  368.  '  Stan- 
dard Psalmist  '  :  W.  H.  Birch  :  Bev.  W.  J. 
Hall,  348 
Chambers  (B.  E.  E.)  on  Duke  of  Wellington's 

first  school,  107,  454 
Church  (Sir  A.  H.)  on  mummy  used  as  paint  by 

artists,  56 

Citizen  on  "  Kidkok,"  150 

Clark  (A.)  on  Hamlet  as  baptismal  name  in  1590 
305.  Shakespeare  at  Barking,  Essex,  1595 
426 

Clarke  (Cecil)  on  aviation  in  1811,  5,  75,  496 
Club  Etranger  at  Hanover  Square,  179.  Coun 
Leet  :  Manor  Court,  526.  Fire  of  London 
French  Church  in  Threadneedle  Street,  336 
Highgate  Archway,  206.  Keats,  Hampstead 
and  Sir  C.  W.  Dilke,  51.  Otter  at  a  City 
station,  446.  Peers  immortalized  by  public 
houses,  332.  Boyal  Exchange,  138,  176.  499 
Stock  (Mr.),  bibliophile,  459.  "  Sweet  laven 
der,"  66.  Vanishing  London :  proprietary 
chapels,  434,  464.  "  Walm  "  as  a  street-name 
358 
Clarke  (Sir  Ernest)  on  "  King's  Turnspit  is  a 

Member  of  Parliament,"  107 
Clarke  (B.  S.)  on  regimental  sobriquets  :  Britannia 

Begiment,  515 

Clayton  (Herbert  B.)  on  "  All  my  eye  and  Betty 
Martin,"  294.  Army  bandmasters  and  the 
officers'  mess,  247.  Bibles  with  curious  read- 
ings, 217,  259,  315.  Burning  of  Moscow,  74 
Celtic  legend  of  the  Crucifixion,  106.  "  De  la  ' 
in  English  surnames,  174.  Dillon  on  Disraeli 
498.  Gibbons  (Grinling)  and  Bogers,  299 
Gilbert  (Sir  John)  as  illustrator,  521.  Henning 
(A.  S.),  first  'Punch'  artist,  341.  History  ot 
England  with  riming  verses,  278.  Houghton 
Hall  pictures  :  their  sale  in  1779,  385.  Knib- 
berch  (F.),  337.  Lunatics  and  private  lunatic 
asylums,  251.  "  Make  a  long  arm,"  118. 
Nelson  :  "  musle,"  351,  476.  Saint-Just,  137. 
Scots  Guards  and  the  King's  health,  165.  Skill 
(F.  J.),  an  unappreciated  artist,  203. 
"  Tumble  -  Down  Dick,"  153.  "  W  "  pro- 
nounced like  "  V,"  326.  Wart  charms,  446 
Clippingdale  (S.  D.)  on  Corporation  of  London 

and  the  medical  profession,  425 
Cockney  on  peers  immortalized  by  public-houses, 

271 

Coldicott  (H.  Bowlands  S.)  on  C.  F.  Lawler,  349. 
Long  (Edward)  MS.,  349.  Oyster  Club, 
329.  "  Peter  Pindar,"  Dr.  John  Wolcot :  MSS., 
329 

Com.  Ebor.  on  Charles  WTaterton's  pamphlets,  228 
Compiler  of  '  London  Citizens  of  1651  '  on  Milton 

and  the  Company  of  Coopers,  17 
Coolidge  (W.  A.  B.)  on  Cardinal  Allen's  arms,  78. 
'  Alpine  Lyrics,'  94.     Jersey  (Earl  of):  lines  on 
his  ancestress,  374.     Lucius,  534 
Corner  (Susanna)  on  "Grecian"  in  1615,  337 
Courtney    (W.    P.)    on    Lord    Beauchamp,    339. 
Henley    (Bev.    Phocion),    177.      Hicks   family, 
353.       "Hughson     (David)":       Edward     and 
David  Pugh,  70,  198.     Nicholls  (Frank),  M.D., 
421 

Craib  (T.)  on  "  Haywra,"  place-name,  35 
Crawley   (H.    C.)   on  '  Old   Morgan  at  Panama, 
492 


Crouch  (C.  Hall)  on  Henry  Etough,  298.  Parr 
(Bobert),  centenarian,  378.  Pitt  family  of 
Cosey  Hall,  Gloucestershire,  330.  Purcell 
(Daniel),  538 

Crow  (W.  Boberts)  on  "  Guild  or  Fraternity  of 
the  Blessed  Virgin  Mary,"  490.  Oliver  (Thomas), 
Bond  Street,  376.  Savage  (Philip),  509 

Cummings  (C.  L.)  on  Capt.  Cook  memorial,  30 

Cummings    (W.    H.)    on    "  Envy,    eldest-born   of 
hell,"  12.     Henley  (Bev.  Phocion),  177.     Pur- 
•  cell  (Edward),  514 

Cupples  (J.  G.)  on  Bev.  Henry  Grey,  1778-1859, 
407.  Lodbrok's  (Bagnor)  sons  :  Hulda,  455, 
M'Bride  (Bev.  John)  of  Belfast,  438.  Marryat 
(Capt.):  'Diary  of  a  Blase,'  497.  Overing 
surname,  499.  Turnbull  (Andrew)  of  Tweed- 
mouth,  428 

Curry  (F.)  on  "  Bed  of  roses,"  126 

Curry  (J.  T.)  on  belly  and  the  body,  77.  '  Essay 
on  the  Theatre,'  c.  1775 :  B.  Cumberland,  315, 
St.  George  and  the  lamb,  36.  Three  Heavens, 
48 

Curtis  (J.)  on  "Bed  of  roses,"  176,216.  "Bom- 
bay d\ick."  187.  Macdonald  chieftainship,. 
306 

Curwen  (J.  Spencer)  on  Dr.  Price  the  Druid, 
274 


D.  (E.)  on  Cymmau,  Flintshire,  250 

D.  (J.)  on  Dillon  on  Disraeli,  449.  '  Nibelungen- 
lied  '  :  its  localities,  309.  Pears:  "Bon 
Chretien"  and  "Doyenne  du  Cornice,"  309. 

D.  (M.  L.)  on  St.  Esprit,  209 

D.  (P.  G.)  on  Grand  Khaibar,  290 

D.  (T.  F.)  on  Sir  Thomas  Makdougall  Brisbane,  34. 
Fives  Court,  St.  Martin's  Lane  :  Tennis  Court, 
Haymarket,  176.  "  Gothamites  "  =  Londoners, 
179.  Hamilton  (Lady)  :  colour  of  her  hair, 
447.  Kilbo,  290.  Maida  :  naked  British 
soldiers,  272.  Port  Henderson  :  Corrie  Bhrea- 
chan,  137.  Spanish  Armada  :  ship  wrecked 
in  Tobermory  Bay,  46.  "  Think  it  possible 
that  you  may  be  wrong  "  :  Cromwell,  117. 

D.    (W.)    on   Tattershall  :      Elsham  :     Grantham 

Darby    (J.    T.)   on   John   Darby  =  Eliza   Bebecca 

Hart,  110 
Darlington  (O.   H.)  on  "  As  dark  as  a  stack  of 

black  cats,"  287 
Davey    (H.)    on    authors   of    quotations    wanted,. 

476 
Davidson   (Hugh)  on  "  Sabbath  day's  journey, 

Davies  (A.  Morley)  on  "  Gifla  "  :  "  Faerpinga,"  196, 

Price  (Dr.)  the  Druid,  274 
Davies  (WT.  H.)  on  '  The  Letter,'  poem,  88 
Davis    (N.    Darnell)    on    Palaeologus    family    in 

England,    364.     West    Indians    and   the  I 

nation,  41 
Davy  (A.  J.)  on  North  Devon  words  c.  1600,  449. 

Touching  a  corpse,  95 
Delafield   (John  Boss)   on   "  De  la       in  English 

surnames  :    survival  of  the  prefix,  127.       Dela- 
field (Bev.   Thomas  and  Joseph),  296.     West- 

cott  and  Waddesdon,  Bucks,  67 
Denny  (Bev.   H.    L.   L.)on  Cardinal  Al leu,  215, 

Dennie   of   London  and  Jamaica,  529.     Lister 

(Edward):   Thomas  Lyster,  209 
Dickinson  (H.  W.)  on  Haldeman  surname,  329 
Diego  on  mummy  used  as  paint  by  artists,  138, 

Boyal   Standard,   85.       "Tea   and   turn-out, 

170,  336 


564 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


Dixon  (Ronald)  on  Jessie  Brown  and  the  relief  of 
Lucknow,  328.  Cassiterides,  Scilly  Isles,  and 
Lyonesse,  286.  Hellings  family,  267 

Dobbs  (E.  Wilson)  on  Queen  Mary's  armorial 
bearings  at  the  Coronation,  467 

Dodds  (M.  H.)  on  Lady  Buhner  alias  Margaret 
Cheyne,  448 

Doran  (Alban)  on  '  La  Carmagnole,'  27 

Douglas  (W.)  on  Misses  Dennett,  173.  Watch 
Will)  :  John  Gallot,  35.  Watchmakers'  sons, 
494 

Dowling  (A.  B.  P.  Baymund)  on  Fulani,  a 
Nigerian  tribe,  270.  Pears  :  "  Bon  Chretien  " 
and  "  Doyenn6  du  Cornice,"  372,  438.  Porch 
inscription  in  Latin,  457 

Dowling  (J.  N.)  on  Thackeray  :   W7ray,  418 

Drury  (C.)  on  Drury  family  arms,  369 

Duarte  (Marie  Louise)  on  SS.  Bridget,  Gertrude, 
Foillan,  and  Febronia,  236 

Duff  (E.  Gordon)  on  Du  Bellay,  347 

Dunheved  on  "  Beat  as  Batty  "  :  "  Busy  as 
Batty,"  314.  Peers  immortalized  by  public- 
houses,  332.  Spettigue,  Carpenter,  and  Rowe 
families,  346 

Dunheved  [2]  on  diatoric  teeth,  395.  Manzoni  : 
'  Promessi  Sposi,'  408 

Dwight  (T.  F.)  on  portrait  in  Pitti  Gallery  : 
Justus  Sustermans.  195.  St.  Swithin's  Day,  94 

Dyer  (A.  Stephens)  on  Buckeridge  book-plate, 
150.  Moyle  book-plate,  210.  Spurring  book- 
plate, 289 


E.  on  Etherington  family,  250 

E.  (A.  R.)  on  Richard  Baddeley,  78 

E.    (E.)    on    Etherington    family    and    Pickering 

Castle,  290 

E.  (H.  E.)  on  Evelyn  Hall,  430 
E.  (K.  P.  D.)  on  touching  a  corpse,  95 
Eagleton  (Jno.)  on  John  Bankes,  haberdasher,  387 
Eden  (F.  Sydney)  on  Charles  Corbett,  bookseller, 

197.     Courayer  (Peter)  on  Anglican  orders,  413 
Edgcumbe   (R.)   on   '  Catalogue   of   Honor,'  488. 

Elliott  (Mrs.  Grace  Dalrymple),  392 
Editor  '  Irish  Book  Lover  '  on  Sir  Walter  Ralegh's 

house  at  Youghal,  472 
Edwardes     (D.     J.     W.)    on    Capt.     Edwardes  = 

Forster,  408 
Edwards  (F.  A.)  on  Lord  Beauchamp,  1741,  170. 

Dates    in   Roman   numerals,    315.       Fulani   or 

Fulahs,    a   Nigerian   race,    335.        George   V.'s 

(King)    ancestors,    87.      Holed    bridal    stones, 

227 
Edwards    (W.    H.)    on    vanishing    landmarks    of 

London  :    "  The  Swiss  Cottage  Tavern,"  514 
El  Soltero  on  Major-General  Alexander  Stewart: 

Brigadier-General  Alexander  Leslie,  67 
Ellis   (A.   S.)  on  Thackeray:    Thackery  :    Wray, 

283.     Pontefract  Castle':   an  unknown  picture 

at  Hampton  Court,  403 
Ellis  (H.  D.)  on  Overing  surname,  216 
Emeritus  on   "Bast,"  74.      'Convict   Ship,'    515. 

Skeat  on  derivations.  7 


F.  (F.  R.)  on  Caversham  :  Chapel  of  St.  Anne, 
509.  Dates  in  Roman  numerals,  250,  315,  437. 
Money  value,  490 

F.  (F.  T.)  on  French  thunderstorm,  9 

F.  (G.  S.)  on  Forbes  of  Skellater,  17 

F.  (J.  T.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  28. 
Hebrew  medal,  447.  Robinson  arms  and 
motto,  28.  St.  Patrick  and  the  shamrock,  76. 


Stockings,  black  and  coloured,  257.  Tatters- 
hall  :  Elsham  :  Grantham,  314,  536.  Thread- 
ing St.  Wilfrid's  needle,  507. 

F.  (S.  J.  A.  )  on  Fives  Court,  St.  Martin's  Lane : 
Tennis  Court,  Haymarket,  155.  Hook  (James), 
154.  '  Wine  and  Walnuts  '  :  "  Ephraim  Hard- 
castle,"  227 

Fairbank  (F.  R.)  on  deer-leaps,  89 

Fairbrother  (E.  H.)  on  Bristol  M.P.'s  :  Sir 
Arthur  Hart  and  Sir  John  Knight,  292.  Lord 
Chief  Justice,  the  Sheriff,  and  ventilation, 
257.  Ollney  (Lieut.-Col.),  256 

Fairchild  (Mrs.  Charles  S.)  on  John  Ledyard, 
traveller,  387 

Fairchild  (H.  L.)  on  "  Make  a  long  arm,"  498. 
"  Swale,"  its  English  and  American  meanings, 
495.  '  Velvet  Cushion,'  494 

Fanshawe  (H.)  on  Lpwther  family,  388.  Lowther 
and  Cowper  families,  518 

Farrer  (W.)on  John  Niandser,  213.  "  Walm  "  as 
a  street-name,  358 

Ferrar  (M.  L.)  on  Ceylon  officials  :  Capt.  T.  A. 
Anderson,  355 

Fishwick  (Col.  H.)  on  Cardinal  Allen,  258. 
Thirteenth,  213 

Fitzgerald  (Percy)  on  "Tout  comprendre  c'est 
tout  pardonner,"  236 

Fitz-Gerald  (S.  J.  Adair)  on  Campbell  the  Scottish 
giant,  130.  '  Young  Son  of  Chivalry,'  150 

Fitzguillaume  (H.  F.)  on  porch  inscription  in 
Latin,  330 

Fleming  (W.  H.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted, 
449 

Fletcher  (J.  M.  J.)  on  birthplace  of  Matthew 
Prior,  161 

Folkard  (G.  cle  C.)  on  Grinling  Gibbons,  154 

Forman  (Maurice  Buxton)  on  '  Milieux  d'Art,'  527 

Fortescue  (A.)  on  heraldic,  489 

Fortescue  (Mary  Teresa)  on  Board  of  Green  Cloth, 
89.  Caracciolo  family,  69.  Fort  Russell,  Hud- 
son's Bay,  130.  Pitt's  Buildings  :  Wright's 
Buildings,  50 

Foster  (J.)  on  Somerby,  Lincolnshire,  265 

Fowler  (H.  W.  and  F.  G.)  on  '  Concise  Oxford 
Dictionary,'  223 

Francis  (J.  Collins)  on  jubilee  of  the  Post  Office 
Savings  Bank,  423.  '  Punch,'  1841-1911,  81. 
"  Scotland  for  ever  !  "  the  Scot  in  America,  444. 
Thackeray  (William  Makepeace),  July  18th, 
1811-December  24th,  1863,  21,  61,  101,  141 

Eraser  (E.)  on  '  Lord  Macaulay's  Last  Lines  :  a 
Riddle,'  248 

Freeman  (J.  J.)  on  Fives  Court,  St.  Martin's  Lane  : 
Tennis  Court,  Haymarket,  232.  '  Slang  Terms 
and  the  Gipsy  Tongue,'  409 

Frood  (A.)  on  lunatics  and  private  lunatic 
asylums,  251 

Frost  (F.  C.)  on  Frost  arms  at  Winchester,  330, 

Frost  (W.  A.)  on  Disraeli  and  Bulwer,  25. 
Lytton  (First  Earl  of),  165 

Fry  (E.  A.)  on  county  bibliographies,  488 

Fynmore  (Col.  R.  J.)  on  authors  of  quotations 
wanted,  476.  Bassett  or  Bassock  family,  446. 
Brown  (Jessie)  and  the  relief  of  Lucknow,  416. 
Haldeman  surname,  398.  Jenner  (Edward), 
M.D.,  and  Thomas  Jenner,  D.D.,  169.  Lush 
and  Lushington  surnames,  53.  Military  Canal 
at  Sandgate,  23.  Pigtails  in  the  British  Army, 
17.  Ralegh's  (Sir  Walter)  house  at  Youghal, 
473.  Regimental  sobriquets,  446.  Salamanca, 
1812  :  Capt.  G.  Stubbs,  529.  Shipdein  family, 
37.  Southey's  (Robert)  letters,  538.  Sunday 
schools  in  1789,  465. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27,  1912. 


INDEX. 


565 


G.  on  Astraea  :  Italian  proverb,  69.  Municipal 
records  printed,  132 

G.  (B.)  on  M'Clelland  family,  69 

G.  (D.  W.)  on  Lieut.  C.  Gordon  Urquhart,  229 

G.  (E.  N.)  on  wood  engraving  and  process  block, 
289 

G.  (G.)  on  "  caratch,"  189 

G.  (J.  R.  F.)  on  London  directories  of  the  eigh 
teenth  century,  168.  Miles  &  Evans's  Club, 
269 

G.  (P.  C.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  228. 
French  theorist  on  love,  228.  '  MaltreGu^rin,' 
290.  Michelet  on  "  Ignoble  tobagie,"  248. 
Pirates  on  stealing,  248 

G.  (S.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  507. 
Guild  of  Merchants  of  the  Staple  of  Calais,  507 

G.  (T.  E.)  on  Tattershall:  Elsham  :  Grantham, 
535 

Gaidpz  (H.)  on  cuckoo  and  its  call,  258.  French 
coins  :  republic  and  empire,  255.  "  J'y  suis, 
j'y  reste,"  252 

Gascoygne  (Barry)  on  McClelland  of  North  Dakota, 
267 

Gell  (Nicholas)  on  "  I  am  paid  regular  wages  "  : 
the  passive  with  an  object,  356 

Gerish  (W.  B.)  on  apparition  at  Bovingdon,  30. 
Apparition  at  Pirton,  Herts,  134.  Elizabeth 
(Queen)  at  Bishop's  Stortford,  27.  Genea- 
logical collections,  116.  "  Haywra,"  place- 
name,  96.  Hertfordshire  inscriptions,  326. 
Lightning's  victim  :  John  Rosebrook,  147. 
Lush  and  Lushington  surnames,  53.  Marlowes, 
370.  "  Master  of  Garraway's,"  90.  Mead  (Dr. 
William),  centenarian,  379.  Peers  immorta- 
lized by  public-houses,  271,  333.  Pin  in 
necromancy,  368.  "  Scammel  "  =to  tread  on, 
277.  Smith  (Felix)  and  Louis  XVIIL,  349. 
Spider  stories,  76.  Trees  growing  from  graves, 
250.  "  Ware  and  Wadesmill  :  worth  half 
London,"  167.  Worsley  (John),  schoolmaster 
at  Hertford,  474.  Wymondley  tradition  and 
Julius  Caesar,  287. 

Gladstonian  on  "  Bed  of  roses,"  216 

Glenny  (W.  W.)  on  obsolete  fish,  397.  "  Swale  "  : 
its  English  and  American  meanings,  495 

Gorcock  on  belly  and  the  body,  9.  Son  and 
mother,  9 

Goudchaux  (H.)  on  "All  my  eye  and  Betty 
Martin,"  377.  Howard  (Miss)  and  Napoleon 
III.,  431 

Gould  (Arthur  W.)  on  Sir  James  Collet,  188 

Gower  (R.  Vaughan)  on  baked  pears  =  "  War- 
dens "  :  Bedford  Fair,  371.  Blue  Rod,  18. 
Comyn  (Eli),  189.  Cuckoo  rimes,  31.  "  Ga- 
betin,"  26.  Gower  (Thomas)  temp.  Henry  V., 
528.  "  Here  sleeps  a  youth,"  78.  History  of 
England  with  riming  verses,  278.  Nelson  : 
"  musle,"  351.  Peers  immortalized  by  public- 
houses,  332.  St.  Dunstan  and  Tunb ridge  Wells, 
98.  "  Scammel  "  =to  tread  on,  277.  "  Swale," 
its  American  and  English  meanings,  114 
Grace  (W.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  209 

Gray  (H.)  on  seal  with  crest  and  "  S.  M.,"  90 

Gray  (Patrick)  on  dates  in  Roman  numerals,  315, 

378 

Guiney  (L.  I.)  on  Shakespeariana,  84 
Gunn  "(Donald)  on  cuckoo  and  its  call,  135 
Gwyther  (A.)  on  '  Pickwick  '  :   Miss  Bolo,  89 

H.  on  Elector  Palatine  c.  1685,  136 
H.  (A.)  on  Arno  surname,  376 
H.  (A.  C.)  on  Oliver  Cromwell's  wife  :    Bourchier 
family,  209 


H.  (C.  W.  R.)  on  genealogical  collections,  29 

H.  (E.)  on  '  Essay  on  the  Theatre,'  c.  1775  :    R. 

Cumberland,  247,  355 
H.  (E.  H.)  on  Daniel  Horry,  138,  259 
H.  (F.)  on  "  bursell,"  29 
H.  (G.  S.)  on  scissors  :    "  pile  "  side,  269 
H.  (H.)  on  Stonehenge  and  Merlin,  178 
H.  (H.  K.)  on  straw  under  bridges,  508 
H.  (J.  J.)  on  Mr.  William  Weare:   Thurtell,  458 
H.  (M.  F.)  on  Sainte-Beuve,  328 
H.  (S.  H.  A.)  on  Bristol  Cathedral  clock,  437 
H.  (W.)  on  Sir  William  Ashton,  Kt.,  M.P.,  16 
H.»(W.  B.)  on  Antigallican  Society,  513.       Eigh- 
teenth-century school-book,  289.  Epitaphiana, 
264.     Grand     Khaibar,     339.     Grand     Sharri 
Tephlia,  149.     History  of  England  with  riming 
verses,  233.     "  J'y  suis,  j'y  reste,"  252.     Lions 
modelled     by     Alfred     Stevens,     349.     Louise 
(Princess)  Medal,  189.     '  Lyrics  and  Lays,'  48. 
Napoleon's  Imperial  Guard,  351.     '  Progress  of 
Error,'    389.     "  Wait    and    see,"    75.     Weare 
(Mr.  William)  :    Thurtell  :    William  Webb,  394 
H.  (W.  N.)  on  Norris  surname,  349 
H.  (W.  S.  B.)  on  American  national  flower,  228. 
"  Beat  as  Batty  "  :    "  Busy   as    Batty,"    250. 
Clerks  of  the  Peace  :    their  signatures,  369 
Hache  (H.  Roy  de  la)  on  James  Augustus  St.  John, 

468 

Haggard   (Col.   C.)   on   Maida,   171,  271.     Napo- 
leon's Imperial  Guard,  350.     "  O   for  the  life 
of  a  soldier!  "  96 
Hale  (W.  Hayne)  on  Dr.  Francis  E.  Sankey  :    Dr. 

Woolley,  7 

Hallam  (W.  W.)  on  "Scotch  science,"  250 
Harmatopegos  on  apparition  at  Pirton,  Herts,  33 
Harris  (C.  S.)  on  "  Thymalos  "  :    "  Mouse  of  the 

Mountains,"  189.     "  Wait  and  see,"  74 
Harris  (H.  A.)  on  "  apssen  counter,"  217 
Harris   (Leverton)   on  Miss   Hickey,   Burke,   and 

Reynolds,  129 

Harris  (M.  Dormer)  on  Frick  Friday,  488 
Haslewood    (R.    F.)    on   Mytton   and    Hardwicke 

MSS.,  327 
Hayllar  (Jessie  H.)  on  rating  of  clergy  to  find 

armour,  532 
Hedgcock  (F.  A.)  on  Diderot's  '  Paradoxe  sur  le 

Comedien  '  :    Garrick,  27 
Heine  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  428 
Hems  (H.  )  on  Lush  and  Lushington  surnames,  54 
Herbert    (T.)    on    lunatics    and    private    lunatic 

asylums,  209 

Herpich  (C.  A.)  on  Shakespeariana,  243.  '  Vir 
bonus  es  doctus  prudens  ast  haud  tibi  spiro," 
198 

Heslop  (R.  Oliver)  on  "  Aspinshaw,  Leather  Lane, 
London,"  290.  "  Oliver  (Thomas),  Bond 
Street,"  290 

Hibgame  (F.  T.)  on  "As  sure  as  God  made  little 
apples,"  377.  Blincoe  (Robert),  10.  Cpurayer 
(Peter)  on  Anglican  orders,  330.  Mitres  at 
Coronations,  27 

Higham  (C.)  on  James  Glen  of  Demerara,  150. 
Newman's  (F.  W.)  'Paul  of  Tarsus,'  167. 
Rolle's  Richard  '  Prick  of  Conscience  : 


Rolle's     (Richard) 

'  The   British    Critic,'    73. 


Surrey   Institute, 


Hill  (Lewin)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  8 
Hill  (N  W.)  on  American  Indian  place-names  : 
Hoboken  :  Oregon,  86.  Austen's  (Jane)  '  Per- 
suasion,' 288,  538.  "  Bombay  duck,  335. 
Brisbane  family,  217.  Bullyvant :  Bulfin : 
Bulfinch,  158.  "Burway,"  478.  Castles  m 
Spain  "  :  "  Castle  in  the  air,"  259.  "  Cytel 


566 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27,  1912. 


in  Anglo-Saxon  names,  187,  434.  Diatoric 
teeth,  459.  Drawing  the  organ,  117.  Fielding 
(Henry)  and  the  civil  power,  534.  Gee  sur- 
name, 158.  Halfacree,  134.  Hunyadi  Janos, 
270.  Lunatics  and  private  lunatic  asylums, 
409.  Lush  and  Lushington  surnames,  118. 
Manzoni  :  '  Promessi  Sposi,'  539.  Military 
•executions,  458.  '  Mother  and  Three  Camps  '  : 
'  Point  of  War,'  337.  Nelson  :  "  musle,"  476. 
"  Nib  "=  separate  pen-point,  54.  'Pilgrim's 
Progress,'  second  edition,  1678  :  suppressed 
passage,  25,  239.  "  Privet  "  :  its  etymology, 
46.  St.  Hugh  and  "  the  holy  nut,"  298. 
Selden's  '  Table  Talk  '  :  "  force,"  495.  Shake- 
speariana,  425.  " Subway,"  487.  "Terrapin": 
a  proposed  etymology,  106,  318.  Thackeray 
(William  Makepeace)*  178.  Thirteenth,  272. 
Urban  V.'s  family  name,  317.  "  Walm  "  as  a 
street-name,  517. 

Hillman  (E.  Haviland)  on  Brisbane  family,  49. 
Jeffray  (Margaret  Anne),  470.  Napier  (John) 
of  Merchiston,  inventor  of  logarithms,  89. 
Prior  (Matthew)  of  Long  Island  :  Major  Daniel 
Gotherson,  447.  St.  John  (James)  of  South 
Carolina,  268 
Hilson  (J.  Lindsay)  on  signs  of  old  country  inns, 

226 

Hilton  (C.  F.)  on  Hare  family,  389 
Hippoclides  on  '  Convict  Ship,'  468 
Hipwell  (Daniel)  on  Act  against  profane  swearing, 
386.  Alabaster  (William),  513.  Aspinshaw, 
Leather  Lane,  Holborn,  399.  Aylmer's  '  His- 
tory of  Ireland,'  1650,  327.  Bassnett  (Chris- 
topher), Nonconformist  minis-ter,  345.  Cibber's 
(Colley)  marriage,  366.  Clarke  (Rev.  Thomas) 
of  Chesham  Bois,  98.  College  fellowship  sold 
in  1591,  227.  Corbett  (Charles),  bookseller, 
197,  374.  "  Fr."  in  marriage  registers  :  St. 
James's,  Duke's  Place,  Aldgate,  85.  George  II. 
and  the  Prince  of  Wales,  1721-51  :  baptism  of 
their  children,  266.  Halley's  (Dr.  Edmond) 
marriage,  85.  Hill  (Langley),  239.  Hutchins 

(Rev.     John),     259.     Iliff     (Rev. ),     537. 

M'Bride  (Rev.  John)  of  Belfast,  307.  Oliver 
(Thomas),  Bond  Street,  376.  Pearce  (Dr. 
Zachary),  Bishop  of  Rochester,  247.  Woold- 
ridge  (Thomas),  Alderman  of  Bridge  Ward,  206. 
Woollett  (William),  draughtsman  and  line 
engraver,  346 
Hitchin-Kemp  (Fred. )  on  King's  Palace,  Fordwich, 

Kent,  4 

Hockaday  (F.  S.)  on  Sir  Nicholas  Arnold  :    John 
Arnold,  110.      "  Pe.  .tt,"  469.     St.  Columb  and 
Stratton  accounts,  74.   "  Sevecher,"  209.    Shake 
speares  in  the  eighteenth  century,  252 
Hodgkin   (J.)   on   "As   sure   as   God  made   little 
apples,"  377.     Eighteenth-century  school-book, 
392.     Obsolete  fish,  396 

Hodgson  (S.)  on  Penge  as  a  place-name,  330 
Hodson  (Leonard  J.)  on  "  Tea  and  turn  out,"  235 
Hogan  (J.  F.)  on  Father  Connolly,  hymn-writer, 

496.     '  Convict  Ship,'  515.      Obsolete  fish,  397 
Holmes  (R.)  on  Dumbleton,  place-name,  89 
Holworthy  (F.  M.  R.)  on  Epitaphiana,  524.     Hoi- 
worthy   (James),   artist,  128.     Holworthy  por- 
trait, c.  1805,  408.     Murder  in  America,  450 
Hope  (Andrew)  on  pears  :    "  Bon  Chretien  "  and 
"  Doyenn£  du  Cornice,"  372.      "  Vive  la  Beige,' 
215 

Hope     (R.     C.)     on     Port      Henderson:      Corrie 
Bhreachan     or     Bhreachan's     Cauldron  ?     10 
'  Testamenta  Eboracensia,'  128 
Homer  (S.)  on  Prime  Serjeant,  516 


Huck  <T.  W.)  on  '  Comus  '  at  Covent  Garden 
Theatre,  411.  '  Englische  Schnitzer,'  439. 
Marlowes,  437.  Norris  surname,  417 

Eughes  (Lewis)  on  Aaron  Hugh,  pirate,  490. 
Hugh  family,  8 

Hughes  (T.  Cann)  on  Emerson  in  England,  198. 
Gibbons  (Grinling),  217.  "  Hughson  (David)": 
Edward  Pugh,  116.  Long  barrows  and 
rectangular  earthworks,  152.  Water-colour 
artists,  129 

Hulme  (E.  Wyndham)  on  Sheffield  cutlery  in  1820, 
428 

Humphreys  (A.  L.)  on  Cowper  on  Langford,  151. 
Edwards's  drawings  of  birds  :  Sir  Hans  Sloane, 
190.  Epicurus  at  Herculaneum,  393.  Guilds 
of  weavers  and  clothiers,  50.  Preston  (John), 
D.D.,  370.  Purcell  (Edward),  470.  Smith 
(Madeleine  Hamilton),  311.  '  Standard  Psalm- 
ist '  :  W.  H.  Birch  :  Rev.  W.  J.  Hall,  433. 
Wild's  (Jonathan)  "  Ghost,"  357.  Zadig  of 
Babylon,  317 

Ibberson  (A.  E.)  on  Morlena  Fenwig,  130 

Indicus  on  street  nomenclature,  187 

Inquirer  on  Sir  Walter  Ralegh's  house  at  Youghal, 

407 
Inshriach  on  Zadig  of  Babylon,  269 

J.  (C.)  on  Paris  barriers,  230.  Wollstonecraft 
(Mary)  :  Mrs.  Brown,  208 

J.  (D.)'on  Elizabethan  plays  in  manuscript,  275. 
Grimald  (Nicholas)  :  John  Grymbolde,  384. 
Johnson  (Dr.)  in  Scotland,  105.  St.  Olave's, 
Silver  Street  :  its  churchyard  inscriptions,  385. 
W7eare  (Mr.  William)  :  Thurtell,  537 

J.  (G.  H.)  on  alabaster  boxes  of  love,  299. 
Authors  of  quotations  wanted,  28 

J.  (H.)  on  Cowper  on  Langford,  109 

J.  (J.  F.)  on  Alexander  Forbes,  1564-1617,  489. 
Lairds  of  Drumminnor,  527 

Jacobs  (J.)  on  Nelson:  "musle,"  373.  Tatters- 
hall  :  Elsham  :  Grantham,  314 

Jaggard  (W.)  on  military  executions,  57,  157 

Japan  on  Japanese  gods,  407 

Jenkins  (Rhys)  on  Bevis  Bulmer,  401 

Jerrold  (Clare)  on  Princess  Victoria's  visit  to  the 
Marquis  of  Anglesey.  134 

Jersey  (C.  P.  C.  de)  on  De  Jersey  family,  150 

Jessel  (F.)  on  '  Mayfair,'  509.     Miles's  Club,  312 

Johnston  (A.  W7.)  on  Jo.  Ben.  on  Orkney,  89. 
Shetland  words,  108 

Jonas  (A.  C.)  on  "Blue  Peter"  :  "blue  fish,"  157. 
Cromwelliana,  264.  '  Lizzie  Lindsay,'  34. 
Lucius,  449 

Jones  (A.  D.)  on  pears:  "Bon  Chretien"  and 
"  Doyenne^  du  Cornice,"  372.  Spanish  motto, 
338 

Jones  (Gurner  P.)  on  watchmakers'  sons,  336 

Jones  (Tom)  on  Jane  Austen's  '  Persuasion,'  339. 
Bibles  with  curious  readings,  259.  Burial  in 
woollen  :  "  Dolberline,"  498.  "  Dillisk  "  and 
"  slook,"  533.  Elizabethan  plays  in  manu- 
script, 275.  "  Fent  "  :  trade  term,  458. 
Holed  stones  :  tolmens,  463.  Learned  horses, 
354.  Mistletoe,  502.  Oliver  (Thomas),  Bond 
Street,  376.  St.  Swithin's  Day,  45.  "  Scam- 
mel"=to  tread  on,  277.  Scissors:  "pile" 
side,  317.  Shakespeariana,  85.  "  Souchy  "  : 
"  water-suchy,"  276.  Stonehenge  :  '  The  Birth 
of  Merlin,'  235.  Thermometer,  134.  "  Thorps- 
man,"  373.  "  Thymalos  "  :  "  Mouse  of  the 
Mountains,"  239.  Yews  in  churchyards,  63 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


INDEX. 


567 


K.  ( J. )  on  Chas.  Cardale  Babington,  229.  Kynoch 
(Capt.  John)  :  Quatre  Bras,  348.  Ludlow 
Castle,  150 

K.  (J.  H.)  on  Jane  Austen's  '  Persuasion,'  412 

K.  (K.  P.)  on  Purvis  surname,  290 

K.  (L  .L.)  on  "  Bombay  duck,"  238.  "  Caratch." 
237.  '  Correspond ance  Prive"e,'  230.  Eliza- 
beth (Queen)  at  Bishop's  Stortford,  72.  '  Eng- 
lische  Schnitzer,'  368.  Hunyadi  Janos,  317. 
Learned  horses,  285.  Miksz&th's  (Coloman) 
works  in  English,  310,  394.  Military  and  naval 
executions,  237.  St.  Clement  the'  Pope  and 
Wyremongers,  196.  Stevenson  (R.  L.)  as  a 
scientific  observer,  205.  Submarine  boats  in 
1828,  346 

K.  (P.  M.)  on  Salisbury  family  of  Westmeath, 
249 

Kastner  (L.  E.)  on  Drummond  of  Hawthornden, 
487 

Kelly  (R.  J.)  on  Boleyn  or  Bullen  family  in  Ire- 
land, 6 

Kemp  (J.  T.)  on  ancient  metal  box,  208 

Kempling  (W.  Bailey)  on  "  Crown  Prince  of  Ger- 
many," 45 

Kennedy  (G.  L.)  on  dry  weather  in  nineteenth 
century,  409 

King  (C.)  on  "  fraternal  "  :    "  sisterly,"  369 

Kingsford  (W.  B.)  on  "caratch,"  237.  "  Scam- 
mel  "  =to  tread  on,  277 

Krebs  (H. )  on  Christmas  and  its  name  in  European 
languages,  505.  '  Nibelungenlied  '  :  its  locali- 
ties, 395 

Krueger  (G.)  on  "backseat":  "take  a  back 
seat,"  7.  "I  am  paid  regular  wages  "  :  the 
passive  with  an  object,  287.  "  Swale,"  its 
American  and  English  meanings,  175.  "  Tout 
comprendre  c'est  tout  pardonner,"  86 


L.  (E.  A.)  on  "  broken  counsellor,"  368. 
"  Walm  "  as  a  street-name,  290 

L.  (F.  de  H.)  on  Robert  Anstruther,  M.P.,  494. 
Leigh  (Theophilus),  D.D.,  429 

L.  (G.  D.)  on  deeds  and  abstracts  of  title  :  society 
for  their  preservation,  216 

L.  (H.  P.)  on  moor,  more,  and  moory-ground,  37 

L.  (J.  A.)  on  Irish  schoolboys  :  descriptions  of 
parents,  70 

L.  (J.  B.  R.  J.)  on  chess  and  duty,  88 

L.  ( J.  H. )  on  '  Mother  and  Three  Camps  ' :  '  Point 
of  War,'  337 

L.  (R.  A.  A.)  on  Jane  Austen  at  Southampton,  67. 
Strahan  (William  and  Andrew),  67 

L.  (S.)  on  manor  of  Milton-next-Gravesend,  436 

Lane  (H.  Murray)  on  Eleanor  of  Bretagne,  464 

Lansdown  (C. )  on  Tattershall  :  Elsham  :  Grant- 
ham,  536 

Laughton  (Sir  J.  K.)  on  Nelson  :  "  musle,"  307, 
414 

Law  (Ernest)  on  Queen  Elizabeth's  portraits  at 
Hampton  Court  by  Zucchero,  292.  Pontefract 
Castle  :  picture  at  Hampton  Court,  496 

Laws  (Edward)  on  John  Lord:    Owen,  395 

Lazla  (Rene  de)  on  Spanish  titles  granted  to  Irish- 
men, 427 

Lee  (A.  Collingwood)  on  women  carrying  their 
husbands  on  their  backs,  279 

Lee  (John  W.)  on  Maida  :  naked  British  soldiers, 
334 

Leeper  (Prof.  Alex.)  on  siege  of  Derry,  156 

Lega-Weekes  (Ethel)  on  "  cockrod  "  :  "  cock- 
shoot,"  526.  Plasse  :  Weekes  :  Glubb,  186. 
Rating  of  clergy  to  find  armour,  532 


Leslie  (Major  J.  H.)  on  Col.  Sir  J.  Abbott  r 
'  Constance  '  and  '  Allaoodeen,'  228,  337, 
Drayson's  (Capt.)  'Third  Motion  of  the 
Earth,'  168.  Lane  (Henry  Bowyer),  408- 
Maida,  172,  334 

Letts  (M.)  on  diatoric  teeth,  290 

Lewin  (P.  Evans)  on  Colonies  :    their  arms,  436 

Lewis  (A.)  on  Charles  Elstob.  257.  Fulani  or 
Fulahs,  a  Nigerian  race,  335 

Lewis  (Penry)  on  Ceylon  officials,  writers,  &c., 
268,  355,  453.  Edwards  (G.):  drawings  of 
birds,  150.  Mahony  (Capt.  Dennis)  :  Capt. 
Strickland  Kingston,  107.  Pope's  position  at 
Holy  Communion,  179 

Leyson  (W.)  on  riddle,  58 

Librarian  on  Capt.  Marrvat :  '  Diary  of  a  Blase,' 
497 

Lock  (Rev.  Campbell)  on  Channel  Tunnel  and 
Mr.  Gladstone,  108.  French  peasant  drinking 
song,  109.  Griffin,  Wilkes,  and  Arnold  families, 
249.  History  of  England  with  riming  verses, 

Longstaff  (G.  B.)  on  St.  Sabinus  or  St.  Salvius,  47 

Lowndes  (Arthur)  on  American  national  flower,. 
455.  Ogilvie  (Rev.  Dr.),  brother  of  the  poet,, 
227.  '  Velvet  Cushion,'  288 

Lucas  (E.  V.)  on  Lieut. -Col.  Ollney,  48 

Lucas  (J.  Landfear)  on  grandfather  clocks  in 
France,  509 

Lucas  (Perceval)  on  Army  bandmasters  and  the 
officers'  mess,  297.  Bode  (John),  1630,  494. 
"  Scammel  "  =to  tread  on,  277 

Lumb  (G.  D.)  on  'Churches  of  Yorkshire,'  14,  58. 
Lodbrok's  (Ragnor)  sons  :  Hulda,  315 

Lynn  (W.  T.)  on  astrology  and  '  The  Encylco- 
pasdia  Britannica,'  26.  Campbell's  '  Napoleon 
and  the  English  Sailor,'  107.  Plume  (Arch- 
deacon) and  the  '  Dictionary  of  National  Bio- 
graphy,' 86.  '  Progress  of  Error,'  455.  Statues 
in  London  :  William  III.  and  Richard  I.,  285. 
Wakefield,  Vicar  of,  170 


M.  on  Elector  Palatine  c.  1685,  136.  "Pindar 
(Peter),"  Dr.  Wolcot,  411.  Rosebery  (Lord)  on 
books,  386.  "  Swale,"  its  American  and  English 
meanings,  114.  Watchmakers'  sons,  336 

M.  (A.  A. )  on  Latter  Lammas,  469 

M.  (A.  L. )  on  George  Morland's  inn  sign,  447 

M.  (A,  R.)  on  Senior  Wranglers  :  Senior  Classics, 
115 

M.  (A.  T.)  on  "  Cousin  and  Counsellor,"  529 

M.  (C.)  on  Hamlet  as  Christian  name,  538.  "  Vive 
la  Beige,"  498 

M.  (F.  B.)  on  "  All  who  love  me  follow  me,"  494. 
Fielding  (Henry)  and  the  civil  power,  58. 
Norris  surname,  417 

M.  (G.  B.)  on  funeral  with  heraldic  accessories 
in  1682,  306.  Peploe  family  grant  of  arms  in 
1753,  508.  '  Robbers'  Cave,'  448.  Welsh 
quotation,  490 

M.  (H.  E.)  on  "  meteor  flag,"  108 

M.  (J.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  28,  449. 
Gray's  '  Death  of  Richard  West ' :  "  complain," 
229.  "  Polilla,"  490.  Selden's  '  Table  Talk  '  : 
"  force,"  229 

M.  (L.  S.)  on  John  Preston,  D.D.,  308 

M.  (N.)  on  "Amurath  to  Amurath  succeeds,"  507. 
Peers  immortalized  by  public-houses,  228 

M.  (N.)  &  A.  on  Felicia  Hemans,  468.  Spider 
stories,  26 

M.  (P.)  on  Hulton  Abbey  cartulary,  367 

M.  (T.  F.)  on  John  Bode,  1639,  369 


568 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


M.  (W.  A.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  228 

M.A.Oxon.  on  Epitaphiana,  525 

M.D.  on  James  I.  on  doctors,  148.  Jockey 
doctors,  470 

McM.  (W.)  on  "  sevecher,"  259 

Macalister  (M.  A.  M.)  on  '  Intelligencer,'  473. 
Irving's  (Washington)  '  Sketch-Book,'  156 

MacArthur  (W.)  on  Bradshaw  the  regicide  :  his 
descendants,  344.  Bullyvant  :  Buttyvant,  117. 
London's  royal  statues,  398.  Loyal  and 
Friendly  Society  of  the  Blue  and  Orange,  170. 
MacClelland  family.  399.  Napier  (Sir  Joseph), 
366.  Naval  epitaphs  in  St.  Nicholas's,  Deptford, 
464.  Oliver  (Henry),  centenarian,  446.  Orange 
emblems,  390.  Peers  immortalized  by  public- 
houses,  332.  Regiment  (28th)  at  Cape  St. 
Vincent  :  75th  Regiment,  517.  Stonehenge  : 
'  The  Birth  of  Merlin,'  395.  Street  nomen- 
clature, 339 

Mac  Donnell  (J.  de  Courcy)  on  Donny  family,  467 

McDowall  (S.  S.)  on  Colt  man  family,  530 

McElwaine  (P.  A.)  on  belly  and 'the  body,  77. 
Cuckoo  and  its  call,  339.  Elizabethan  plays 
in  manuscript,  205.  '  Knight  of  the  Burning 
Pestle':  "  FS.  =3s.  2cL,"  348.  Murderous 
London  boatman  of  1586,  16.  Ripon  forger,  9. 
Shakespeariana,  243,  425.  Skeat  on  deriva- 
tions, 118.  "  Thon  "  :  "  thonder,"  373 

McGovern  (J.  B.)  on  Catholick  as  a  surname,  529. 
Church  with  wooden  bell-turret,  457.  Curious 
will,  1564,  328.  FitzGerald  (Edward)  and 
'  N.  &  Q.,'  469.  Military  executions,  8. 
"  Writes  me  "  :  "  Stand  it," '465 

McKerrow  (R.  B.)  on  John  Weever  and  Shake- 
speare, 384 

Mackey  (G.)  on  Tilleman  Bobart,  305.  Watkins 
(Henry),  M.P.  1712,  170 

MacKinnon  (F.  M.  A.)  on  apparition  at  Pirton, 
Herts,  198.  Uniacke  family,  188 

MacLean  (Hugh  S.)  on  early  arms  of  France,  451. 
Learned  horses,  354.  "Think  it  possible  that 
you  may  be  wrong  "  :  Cromwell,  117 

MacMichael  (J.  Holden)  on  Antigallican  Society, 
512 

McMurray  (G.)  on  mummy  used  as  paint  by 
artists,"? 

McMurray  (W.)  on  Henry  Etough,  249.  Evatt 
family,  48.  Gresham  "  family,  269.  London 
Rectors'  Confederation,  469.  Newton  (Isaac, 
and  his  namesake,  108.  Niandser  (John), 
c.  1414,  169.  Overing  surname,  277.  Raikes 
centenary,  115.  Signs  of  old  London,  226. 
"  laborer's  Inn,"  34 

McPike  (Eugene  F. )  on  Sir  John  Arundel  of 
Clerkemvell,  217.  Day:  Freeman:  Pyke,  428. 
Halley  (Dr.  Edrnond):  marriage,  198;  ipedigree, 
466.  Reeve  :  Day  :  Pyke  :  Sharpe,  489. 
Stuart:  Freeman:  Parry:  Pyke,  164.  Walters: 
Halley  :  Ward  :  Wright,  389 

Macray  (W.  D.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted, 
356.  Henley  (Rev.  Phocion),  177.  Lawler 
(C.  F.),  438.  Ralegh's  (Sir  Walter)  house  at 
Youghal,  472.  Sheridan's  'Critic':  Thomas 
Vaughan,  94 

Magrath  (J.  R.)  on  "  agasonic,"  96.  Bristol 
M.P.'s  :  Sir  Arthur  Hart  and  Sir  John 
Knight,  247.  Gray's  '  Elegy  '  :  translations 
and  parodies,  135/  History  of  England  with 
riming  verses,  375.  "  Jerusalem-Garters,"  288. 
Lowther  family,  457.  Masonic  drinking-mug  : 
frog  or  toad  mugs,  210.  Porch  inscription  in 
Latin,  516.  Theses  by  Mr.  Secretarv  Thomas 
Reid,  234 


Malet  (Col,  Harold)  on  bearded  soldiers,  458. 
Woodberry  (George),  428 

Manners  (W.  E.)  on  eighteenth-century  school- 
book,  393 

Manson  (T.  F.)  on  obsolete  fish,  397.  Preston 
(John),  D.D.,  371 

Marchant  (F.  P.)  on  American  national  flower,  352. 
Charlemagne's  kindred,  168.  Dillon  on  Dis- 
raeli, 498.  Eleemosynary  students  and  Ger- 
man Universities,  25.  Foreign  journals  in  the 
United  States,  514.  Horses'  ghosts,  176. 
Manor  of  Milton-next-Gravesend,  436.  Mourek 
(Prof.  V.  E.),  385.  Trees  growing  from  graves, 
297 

Marston  (E.)  on  cuckoo  and  its  call,  30.  Ken 
(Bishop)  :  Izaak  Walton's  wives,  11 

Martin  (Stapleton)  on  Cotton's  '  Angler '  :  its 
motto,  367 

Mason  (Stuart)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted, 
209.  '  Paris  Illustre,'  English  edition,  148 

Mathews  (C.  Elkin)  on  Bishop  Ken :  Izaak 
Walton's  wives,  10 

Matthews  (Albert)  on  Crown  agents,  92.  Morris's 
(Capt.)  'Solid  Men  of  Boston,'  342.  Rolle's 
(Richard)  '  Prick  of  Conscience':  '  The  British 
Critic,'  11.  "Swale,"  its  American  and  English 
meanings,  351 

Matthews  (J.  H.)  on  '  Lyrics  and  Lays,'  94 

Maxwell  (Sir  Herbert)  on  "All  my  eye  and  Betty 
Martin,"  294.  Napoleon  and  David  II.  of 
Scotland  :  historical  parallel,  525.  Per  centum  : 
its  symbol,  272.  Port  Henderson  :  Corrie 
Bhreachan,  58.  Wallace's  (Sir  William)  Welsh 
descent,  146 

May  on  St.  Lugidio,  10 

Maycock  (Willoughby)  on  history  of  England 
with  riming  verses,  418.  '  Ingoldsby  Legends  ' : 
rebus,  170.  "  Vive  la  Beige,"  174.  Weare 
(Mr.  Wm.):  Thurtell:  William  Webb,  244. 
Webb  (William),  comedian,  68 

Mayhew  (A.  L. )  on  "  bast,"  7.  "  Swale,"  its 
American  meaning,  67 

Maylam  (P.)  on  "  apssen  counter."  256.  Stone- 
henge :  '  The  Birth  of  Merlin,'  295 

Meadows  (H.)  on  William  Meadows,  469 

Medio-Templarius  on  Sir  Francis  Drake,  "  unus 
de  Consortio  Medii  Templi,"  347 

Memor  on  Balzac,  509 

Mercer  (W.)  on  Caracciolo  family,  136,  212. 
Charles  (Prince)  of  Bourbon-Capua,  57.  Dumas 
on  Cleopatra's  Needles,  375-  Emerson  and 
Heine  in  England,  115.  "  LTltonia,"  26.  Urban 
V.'s  family  name,  256.  Vatican  frescoes,  116, 
154 

Meredith  (G.  E.)  on  author  of  sonnet  wanted,  388 

Merritt  (E.  P.)  on  Strawberry  Hill  :  '  Description 
of  the  Villa,'  1774,  207 

Milliken  (W.  E.  D.)  on  Fives  Court,  St.  Martin's 
Lane  :  Tennis  Court,  Haymarket,  231.  Gros- 
venor  Square  :  its  origin,  414 

Milne  (J.)  on  curly  "  n,"  490.  Elphinstone's 
(Bishop)  tomb,  367.  Figures  rising  from  the 
dead,  37.  Pedestals  of  statues,  389.  Touching 
a  corpse  at  funerals,  48 

Minakata  (Kumagusu)  on  horses'  ghosts,  127. 
Spider  stories,  477.  Twins  and  second  sight, 
156.  Whittington  and  his  cat:  Eastern 
variants,  503,  522 

Moffet  (S.  O.)  on  Holinshed  bibliography,  246. 
Thiers's  '  Traite  des  Superstitions,'  530 

Montague  (A.)  on  West-Country  charm,  250 

Moore  (J.  H.)  on  Ragnor  Lodbrqk's  sons  :  Hulda, 
249 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27,  1912. 


INDEX. 


569 


Moreton  (R.  L.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted 

88.       Mitres    at    Coronations,    72.      Murderec 

waiter  charged  in  the  bill,  66 
Morgan  (E.  T.)onArno   surname,   376.      Bristo 

Cathedral  clock,  348 
Morgan  (Forrest)  on  "  agasonic,"  28.     Authors  o 

quotations   wanted,    114.       "Though    Christ  t 

thousand  times  be  slain,"  28 
Moseley   (B.    D.)   on    "All    my  eye    and   Betty 

Martin,"  255 
Mullinger    (J.    Bass)    on    Wordsworth  :     "  Quani 

nihil  ad  genium,  Papiniane,  tuum  !  "  325 
Murray   (Sir    J.    A.    H.)  on   "  theatregoer,"  127 

Thermometer,  87.    Thirteenth,  167.    "  Thon  " 
"  thonder,"  327.     "  Thorpsman,"  327 
Mutschmann  (Heinrich)  on  "  Schicksalund  eigene 

Schuld,"  13 
Mynott   (A.)   on   authors    of   quotations  wanted. 

309.     Spanish  motto,  290 

N.  (E.)  on  Heine  and  Byron,  290 

N.  (M.)  on  American  historical  documents,   268. 

Eighteenth-century  school-book,  393 
Nel  Mezzo  on  Dickens  and  Thackeray  :    Manta- 
lini,    47.       Indian     Queens,     place-name,    128. 
"  J'y  suis,  j'y  reste,"  44.     Shakespeariana,  83 
Newell     (Abm. )     on     "  Swale,"     "Sweal":      its 

American  and  English  meanings,  438 
Newman  (F. )  on  '  Knight  of  the  Burning  Pestle  '  : 

"FS.=3s.  2d.,"  494 
Newton    (E.    E.)    on   London   directories    of   the 

eighteenth  century,  234 

Newton  (I.)  on  "  Fine  flower  of  poetry,"  430 
Nicholson  (E.)  on  "  Franklin  days  "  :     "  Borrow- 
_ing  days,"  55.     "  Orgeat,"  12 
Nicklin  (T. )  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  94 
Nicoll    (Sir    W.    Robertson)   on    Dr.    Johnson    in 

Scotland,  153 

Nixon  (W.)  on  '  Alpine  Lyrics,'  30 
Noorden  (C.  Van)  on  Dorehill  family,  389 
Norman    (Philip)    on    Fives    Court,    St.    Martin's 

Lane  :  Tennis  Court,  Haymarket,  231.     Long's 

Hotel,    Bond     Street,     406.      Serjeants'     Inn: 

dinner  in  1839,  5,  73 
Norman  (W.)  on  William  Bromley,  armiger,  188. 

'  Comus  '    at     Covent     Garden    Theatre,     412. 

Courayer    (Peter)      on    Anglican     orders,    413. 

Early    arms   of    France,     451.     '  Intelligencer,' 

407.       Peers     immortalized    by    public-houses, 

331.       SS.    Bridget,     Gertrude,     Foillan,    and 

Febronia,    236.     "  Walm  "    as    a    street-name, 

358 

North  Midland  on  Jane  Austen's  '  Persuasion,'  339 
Northup  (Clark  S.)  on  "  I  am  paid  regular  wages  "  : 

the  passive  with  an  object,  491 
Nouguier  (C. )  on  Anquetil  family,  427 

O.  on  Charles  I.  :    '  Biblia  Aurea,'  179 

Oliver  (Mrs.  Elsie)  on  Ford,  Milward,  and  Oliver 

families,  189.     Hungerford  family,  70 
Oliver  (V.  L. )  on  Philip  Dehany,  M.P.  for  St.  Ives, 

58.     Kerby  (Hamilton),  339 

O'Neill  (H.  D.)  on  per  centum  :    its  symbol,  168 
O'Rahilly  (T.  F.)  on  '  Tweedside,'  song  and  metre, 

87 
Orbilius   on   "I   am   paid   regular  wages  "  :     the 

passive  with  an  object,  356,  437 
Osman  (Rev.  J.  W.)  on  Guild  of  Clothiers,  8 
Ould  (S.  G.)  on  Father  Connolly,  hymn- writer,  429 
Outis  on  bishops  addressed  as  "  My  Lord,"  508. 

Precedence,  388 
Owen  (Douglas)  on  American  national  flower,  352 


P.  on  pirates  on  stealing,  419 

P.  (F.  K.)  on  cricket  match,   1774,   430.     West's 

picture  of  the  death  of  General  Wolfe,  446 
£'  H;  ?"'  on  early  arms  of  France,  450 

?  Bobfrt  Parr>  centenarian,  379 
)  on  old  sampler,  449 

F°Ulan'  and 


M 
' 


burial  in  woollen  :  "  Dolberline  " 
qd«  n  u  TT  tf  Covent  Garden  Theatre, 
494  Crosby  Hal1  r°of>  327.  Dudley  (Dud),. 

a$£i(J'i?'^0u  "  A11  my  eye  and  BettY  Martin," 
254.  Bradshaw  the  Regicide,  456.  Brown 
(Jessie)  and  the  Relief  of  Lucknow,  416.  Clive 
(Kitty)  185.  Cowper  on  Langford,  215. 
1 0Vards  s  drawings  of  birds  :  Sir  Hans  Sloane, 
TT •  V.  (jeoi'ge  *•  statue  in  Leicester  Square,  313. 
Highgate  Archway,  257.  History  of  England 
with  riming  verses,  418.  Hume's  (David), 
grave,  226.  Leman  Street,  E.,  316.  Luck 
cups,  436.  Museums  of  London  antiquities,  34. 
Old  Clem  "  :  '  Great  Expectations,'  289,  415. 
Percy  (Bishop  Thomas),  308.  "  Ready-Money 
Mortiboy  :  original  of  the  character,  205. 
Resurrection  men,"  408.  Statues  and  me- 
morials in  the  British  Isles,  181,  361.  Thacke- 
ray :  Wray,  419.  West-Countrv  charm,  394. 
Woollett  (William),  437 
Paget  (Claude)  on  28th  Regiment  at  Cape  St. 

Vincent,  288 

Palmer  (A.  Smythe)  on  St.  Expeditus,  92 
Palmer  (J.  Foster)  on  history  of    England   with 
riming     verses,     517.       Shakespeariana,      425. 
Wymondley  tradition  and  Julius  Caesar,  419 
Palmer      (Dr.     W.     M.)     on     Timothy     Bright'a 
Treatise  on  English  Medicines,'  464.     Butler's 
(Dr.)  curious  pictures  in  1618,  489.     Rating  of 
clergy  to  find  armour,  468 

Parry  (Lieut.-Col.    G.    S.)  on  burial  inscriptions,. 
348.        Inscriptions    in    burial-ground     of    St. 
John's,  Westminster,  302,  403,  484 
'atching   (J.)  on    Robert    Anstruther,  M.P.,  459. 
"Best  of  all   Good   Company"  (John  Bright),. 
508 

atrick  on  "  dillisk  "  and  "  slook,"  533 
'atterson    (J.    E.)   on    "All  my   eye   and   Betty 
Martin,"  254 

Paul  (F.)  on  Robert  (?)  Ball,  389 
Peach    (C.    H.    R.)    on  Sir  Andrew  Hacket,  114.. 
Jeffreys      (Judge)    and     the     Temple     Church 
organ,  14.    Piggott  (Ralph),  Catholic  judge,  38 
Peacock  (E.)  on  Bishop  Fletcher.  28.     Gold  ring 
found  at  Verulam,  248.       '  Howden   Fair,'   325 
Peacock  (M.   H.)  on  "  kidkok,"   176.     "  Rydyng 
aboute    of     victorv,"     &c.,     474.       Wakefield, 
Vicar  of,  216 

Pearson  (Howard  S.)  on  deer-leaps,  138 
Pearson  (Karl)  on  John  Jarvis  the  dwarf,  307 
Peck   (W.   A.)   on  Mytton  :     Hardwicke's  Shrop- 
shire pedigrees,  417 
Peddie    (R.    A.)   on    'A   Caxton   Memorial,'  313.. 

Printing  :    an  unpublished  MS.,  388 
Peet  (W.  H.)  on  '  Alpine   Lyrics,'  94.     Maryland 
proverb  :   "  Shoe  her  horse  round,"  459.    Twins 
and  second  sight,  299 
Pellipar    on    Corporation    of    London    and    the 

medical  profession,  496 
Pendered    (Mary    L.)    on     Axford    family,     289.. 

Lightfoot  of  Birmingham,  289 
Pengelly  (R.  S. )  on  Miss  Howard  and  Napoleon  III., 
431.     Maida:     Regiments    De  Watteville    and 
De  Rolle,  171 


570 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


Penney  (Norman)  on  John  Owen  of  Hemel 
Hempstead,  318 

Penny  (F.)  on  Ceylon  officials,  313.  Watch- 
makers' sons,  494 

Perring  (Sir  Philip)  on  Shakespeariana,  425 

Petty  (S.  L.)  on  spider  stories,  137 

Phillips  (Lawrence)  on  authors  of  quotations 
wanted.  88,  449 

Phipps  (Col.  B.)  on  burning  of  Moscow.  1,52. 
"  J'y  suis,  j'y  reste,"  94,  252.  Military 
executions,  98.  Napoleon's  Imperial  Guard, 
350 

Pickering  (J.  E.  Latton)  on  authors  of  quotations 
wanted,  476.  Drake  (Sir  Francis)  :  Giffard  of 
Halsbury,  490.  History  of  England  with  riming 
verses,  418.  Jeffreys  (Judge)  and  the  Temple 
(  hurch  organ,  13.  Jones's  (Mary)  execution, 
1771,  414.  Lotus  and  India,  72 

Pickthall  (Marmaduke)  on  "  salamander,"  a 
heavy  blow,  427 

Pierpoint  (R.)  on  "  All  who  love  me  follow  me," 
426.  Authors  of  quotations  wanted,  408. 
Battle  on  the  Wey  :  Carpenter,  Cressingham, 
and  Rowe  families,  24.  Belgian  coin  with 
Flemish  inscriptions,  88.  Bibles  with  curious 
readings,  217.  Board  of  Green  Cloth,  234. 
Bonar :  Thomson,  Bonar  &  Co.,  32.  Carac- 
ciolo  family.  173.  '  Church  Historians  of 
England,'  117,  253.  Cornish  genealogy  and 
the  Civil  War,  273.  Cromwell  (Richard)  : 
"  When  Dick  the  fourth,"  &c.,  207.  Dates  in 
Roman  numerals,  377.  Dumas  on  Cleopatra's 
Needles,  374.  Elizabeth's  (Queen)  portraits 
at  Hampton  Court  by  Zuccaro  or  Zucchero, 
244.  French  coins  :  *  Republic  and  Empire, 
211  ;  obverse  impression  on  reverse,  230. 
George  I.  statue  in  Leicester  Square  :  Canons, 
near  Edgware,  261.  Gordon  (Col.)  in  '  Bar- 
naby  Rudge,'  416.  Gounod  (Charles)  and 
Alphonse  Karr  at  Saint  Raphael,  106.  "  J'y 
suis,  j'y  reste,"  155.  Knight  (Gaily)  :  "  ipe- 
cacuanha "  in  verse,  152,  276.  Marryat  (Capt. ) : 
'  Diary  of  a  Blase,'  409.  Meridian  of  London, 
228.  'Noel,  cook  to  Frederick  the  Great,  438. 
'  Noon  Gazette  and  Daily  Spy,'  459.  "  Paint 
the  lion,"  109.  Peers  immortalized  by  public- 
houses,  456.  '  Pickwick  '  :  Eatanswill  news- 
papers. 146  ;  printers'  errors  in  first  edition, 
292.  St.  Mary-le-bone  Charity  School,  186. 
"  Souchy,"  13.  Statues,  &c.,  in  Venice,  308. 
Syllepsis  or  zeugma  :  '  Pickwick,'  366.  "  Think 
it  possible  that  you  may  be  wrong  "  :  Cromwell, 
68.  "  Vive  la  Beige,"  129.  Wellington  statues 
in  London  :  M.  C.  Wyatt,  55 

Pigott  (Wm.  Jackson)  on  Jefferson  ^Sampson,  330. 
Middleton  (Sir  Thomas),  169 

Pinchbeck  (W.  H.)  on  Tattershall :  Elsham  : 
Grantham,  314 

Pink  (W.  D.)  on  Sir  Nicholas  Arnold,  42,  174. 
Arundel  (Sir  John)  of  Clerkenwell,  32. 
Ashby  (William),  Ambassador  to  Scotland, 
1588-90,  105.  Ashley  (Mistress  Katherine) 
or  Astley,  52.  Badger  (William),  68.  Bristol 
M.P.'s  :  Sir  Arthur  Hart  and  Sir  John  Knight, 
291.  Hacket  (Sir  Andrei),  114.  Middleton 
(Sir  Thomas),  212 

Plomer  (H.  R.)  on  Charles  Corbett,  bookseller, 
148,  313 

Politician  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  337 

Pollard  (Matilda)  on  Washington  Trving's  '  Sketch- 
Book,'  217.  Spanish  motto,  338 

Pollard-Urquhart  (Col.  F.  E.  R.)  on  burning  of 
Moscow,  116  I 


Pook  (Col.  H.  W.)  on  Knockanegonly :  Garugh  : 
Knockabrow,  369 

Potter  (A.  G.)  on  Omar  Khayyam  bibliography, 
328,  358,  497 

Potter  (G.)  on  London  directories  of  the  eighteenth 
century,  275 

Potts  (R.  A.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  58, 
414,  496.  '  Intelligencer,'  473 

Pourquoi  Pas  on  Charles  I. :  '  Biblia  Aurea,'  70. 
Johnson  and  tobacco,  175.  Noble  families  in 
Shakespeare,  248.  Shakespeariana,  84 

Prestage  (Edgar)  on  Tromp  in  England  :  John 
Stanhope,  London  printer,  1664,  48 

Price  (L.  C.)  on  Hamilton  Kerby,  279 

Prideaux  (Col.  WT.  F.)  on  burial  inscriptions,  32. 
Caracciolo  family,  212.  Casanoviana  :  Ed- 
ward Tiretta,  461.  Cibber's  '  Apology,'  381, 
535.  Daniel's  '  Whole  Workes,'  1623,  344. 
Emerson,  Heine,  and  Franklin  in  England,  152. 
Fielding  (Henry)  and  the  civil  power,  419. 
FitzGerald  anecdote  :  two  versions,  266. 
Fives  Court,  St.  Martin's  Lane  :  Tennis  Court, 
Haymarket,  155.  Gautier  (Th<k>phile),  31 
Aug.,  1811-23  Oct.,  1872,  241.  George  V.'s 
(King)  ancestors,  173.  Jersey  (Earl  of)  :  lines 
on  his  ancestress,  374.  Leman  Street,  E.,  376. 
'  Lizzie  Lindsay,'  33.  Ludgate,  485.  Mili- 
tary executions,  354.  Noble  families  in  Shake- 
speare, 398.  Paris  barriers,  338.  '  Pickwick 
Papers  '  :  printers'  errors  in  first  edition,  352. 
"  Pindar  (Peter),"  Dr.  Wolcot,  410.  Pitt's 
Buildings  :  Wright's  Buildings,  92.  Sheridan's 
'  Critic  '  :  T.  Vaughan,  47.  Strawberry  Hill  : 
'  Description  of  the  Villa,'  1774,  251.  "  Tout 
comprendre  c'est  tout  pardonner,"  154.  Van- 
ishing landmarks  of  London :  "  The  Swiss 
Cottage,"  537.  Victoria's  (Queen)  maternal 
great-grandmother,  12 

Prideaux  (W.  R.  B.)  on  Edwards's  drawings  of 
birds  :  Sir  Hans  Sloane,  193.  Statues  and 
memorials  in  the  British  Isles,  184 


Q.  on  Masonic  drinking-mug  :    frog  or  toad  mug, 

211.     Wyre  Forest  old  sorb  or  whitty  pear  tree, 

145 
Quarrell  (W.  H.)  on  Dud  Dudley,  406.     Epitaph- 

iana,  524.     Martin  (T.),  miniature  painter,  509 
Quien    Sabe    on  American   national    flower,    352. 

Carolina     (South)    newspapers,    168.       Spanish 

motto,  338 
Quill   on  novel  by   G.   P.    R.   James   with   three 

titles,  34 


R.  (A.  F.)  on  earliest  English  railroad  with  pas- 
sengers, 65.  Newspaper  "  editions,"  388.  Oldest 
British  soldier,  206.  "  Pale  beer,"  26.  Reprieve 
for  99  years,  70.  Stockings,  black  and  coloured, 
297 

R.  (D.  M.)  on  Princess  Victoria's  visit  to  the 
Marquis  of  Anglesey,  113 

R.  (E.)  on  Lord  Chief  Justice,  the  Sheriff,  and 
ventilation,  169 

R.  (G.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  414 

R.  (G.  W-  E-)  on  Jane  Austen's  'Persuasion,'  412. 
Lunatics  and  private  lunatic  asylums,  251. 
"  Nib  "^separate  pen-point,  158 

R.  (H.  B.)  on  Frost  arms  at  Winchester,  478 

R.  (J  F.)  on  baked  pears  ="  wardens  "  :  Bedford 
Fair,  371.  Lecky  and  theory  of  morals  in 
'  Pall  Mall  Budget,'  147.  Pears  :  "  Bon  Chr<§- 
tien  "  and  "  Doyenn6  du  Cornice,"  372 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27,  1912. 


INDEX. 


571 


R.  (J.  H.)  on  Elizabethan  seal,  90.  Falmouth's 
(Lord)  charters,  10 

B.  (L.  G.)  on  Mrs.  Caudle's  Curtain  Lectures,  464. 
Club  Etranger  at  Hanover  Square  :  Cercle 
des  Nations,  258.  French  coins  :  Republic  and 
Empire,  255 

R.  (L.  M.)  on  Bibles  with  curious  readings,  259. 
Dickens  and  the  inscribed  stone,  443.  Hebrew 
medal,  510.  Punning  book-titles,  230.  Urban 
V.'s  family  name.  204,  316,  518 

R.  (S.  B.  C.)  on  Alexander  Ross  :  William  Ross, 
308 

R.  (V.)  on  Gaily  Knight  :  "  ipecacuanha  "  in 
verse,  102.  Shakespeariana,  84 

Rainsford  (F.  Vine)  on  Thomas  Raynsford  of 
Little  Compton,  co.  Glouc.,  408 

Ratcliffe  (T.)  on  "  All  my  eye  and  Betty  Martin," 
255.  "  As  sure  as  God  made  little  apples," 
377.  Cuckoo  and  its  call,  31.  Fire-papers, 
493.  Gaily  (T.  &P.),  printsellers,  208.  "Hap- 
pen," 497.  "  Knipperdoling  "  :  "  ninny- 
broth  "  :  '  Hudibras  Redivivus,'  229.  Lack- 
ington  the  bookseller's  medals,  470.  Maryland 
proverb  :  "  Shoe  her  horse  round,"  459.  Ma- 
sonic drinking-mug  :  frog  or  toad  mug,  211. 
'  Memoirs  of  H.R.H.  Charlotte  Augusta  '  : 
Elizabeth  Newman,  368.  Nelson  :  "  musle," 
351.  "  Nib  "  =  separate  pen-point,  117.  "  Sam- 
howd,"  446.  Smooth  or  prickly  holly,  526. 
Stockings,  black  and  coloured,  214.  "  Swale  "  : 
its  American  and  English  meanings,  114. 
T\vins  and  second  sight,  54,  259.  "  United 
States  security,"  508.  '  Young  Man's  Com- 
panion,' 449 

Raven  on  "  Cytel  "  in  Anglo-Saxon  names,  434. 
Diseases  from  plants,  530.  Geese  and  Michael- 
mas Day,  450.  Luck  cups,  389.  "  Parkin," 
430.  Riddle,  10 

Ravenshaw  (J.)  on  "  ch  "  :  its  pronunciation, 
412.  "  Cytel  "  in  Anglo-Saxon  names,  233 

Read  (F.  W.)  on  "  plump  "  in  voting,  126 

Reade  (Alevn  Lyell)  on  Halletts  of  Canons,  530 

Rhodes  (A.)  on  Timothy  Alsop,  130.  Army 
bandmasters  and  the  officers  mess,  ^97. 
Bearded  soldiers,  458.  Buckland  (Frank)  and 
Richard  Bell,  245.  Caldwall  (James),  artist, 
405.  «  Carmagnole  '  :  '  §a  Ira,'  199.  Early 
printed  book  in  Suffolk,  106.  Electric  light 
in  1853,  66.  Friday  as  Christian  name,  395. 
"  Gag,"  "  guillotine,"  and  "  kangaroo  '  as 
Parliamentary  terms,  35.  Hamlet  as  baptismal 
name  in  1590,  395.  Harmonists  :  the  Philan- 
thropic Society,  239.  History  of  England  with 
riming  verses,  375.  Lord  Chief  Justice,  the 
Sheriff,  and  ventilation,  217,  31o.  Lunatics 
and  private  lunatic  asylums  251  •Maida: 
naked  British  soldiers,  172,  272,  334,  492. 
Military  executions,  157,  459.  Municipal  re- 
cords printed,  131,  390,  451.  Overing  surname 
178,  277.  "Pale  beer,"  78.  Payment  of 
Members  of  Parliament,  187.  St  •  Diinstan  and 
Tunbridge  Wells,  54.  "  Whacok,"  97.  Yarm  : 
Private  Brown,  448  ,  01 

Richardson  (H.  G.)  on  '  Dives  and  Pauper,    SJ1, 


doners,    25.     Grosvenor    Square  : 


327.  "  Jacobite  "="  Jacobin,"  6.  "  J'y  suis, 
j'y  reste,"  294.  Lunatics  and  private  lunatic 
asylums,  395.  Pepys  robbed,  326.  "  Silly 
season  "  for  newspapers,  366.  "  Strip  and  go 
naked,  alias  strikefire  "  =gin,  366.  Wild  (Jona- 
than), his  influence,  305  ;  his  "  Ghost,"  308 

Roberts  (W.)  on  James  Caldwall,  artist,  405. 
'  Caxton  Memorial,'  268.  Gibbons  (Grinling) 
and  Rogers,  255.  Halletts  of  Canons  :  Gains- 
borough's '  Morning  Walk,'  281,  435.  Horry 
(Daniel),  295.  London  directories  of  the 
eighteenth  century,  234.  Stock  (Mr.),  biblio- 
phile, 1735,  307.  Whig  Club  book,  46 

Robinson  (Mary  R.)  on  Annie  Keary's  '  Last  Day 
of  Flowers,'  288 

Rockingham  on  American  national  flower,  455. 
Cuckoo  and  its  call,  195.  Maida  :  naked 
British  soldiers,  492.  Military  executions,  413 

Roser  (Francis  M.)  on  Madeleine  Hamilton  Smith, 
247 

Row  (E.  F.)  on  Midhurst :  arm?  of  the  borough, 
367.  Midhurst  Grammar  School.  308 

Runnemede  on  Robert  Bruce,  Earl  of  Ross,  268 

Rushton  (F.  R.)  on  "  Blue  Peter  "  :  "blue  fish," 
157 

Russell  (F.  A.)  on  Henry  Fielding  and  the  civil 
power,  419 

Russell  (Right  Hon.  G.  W.  E.)  on  'Pickwick'  : 
Miss  Bolo,  158.  "  Put  that  in  your  pipe  and 
smoke  it,"  259 

Russell  (Lady)  on  Sir  Walter  Ralegh's  house 
at  Youghal,  472 

Russell  (M.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  58 

S.  (F.)  on  "  our  incomparable  Liturgy,"  248 

S.  (F.  H.)  on  Peare  family,  270 

S.  (H.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  496 

S.  (H.  C.)  on  Grinling  Gibbons,  137 

S.  (H.  K.  St.  J.)  on  baked  pears  ="  Wardens," 
438.  Rags  at  wells,  38 

S.  (J.  F.)  on  statues,  &c.,  in  Venice,  394 

S.  (R.  H.)  on  Bishop  Chirbury  at  Rhoscrowther, 
349.  Rhoscrowther  :  Llandegeman  :  Rhos-y- 
cryther,  329.  Rhoscrowther,  Pembrokeshire  : 
incumbents,  349 

S.  (R.  P.)  on  '  Old  Morgan  at  Panama,'  408 

S.  (S.  W.)  on  "  Though  Christ  a  thousand  times  be 
slain,"  97 

S.  (T.)  on  bequest  of  Bibles,  449.  Burgh-on- 
Sands  :  its  pronunciation,  409.  Fox  and  Knot 
Street,  130.  Leman  Street,  E.,  210.  Traitors' 
Gate,  430 

S.  (T.  B.)  on  John  Worsley,  schoolmaster  at  Hert- 
ford, 474 

S  (W.)  on  Ceylon  officials  :  Capt.  T.  A.  Anderson, 
356.  Johnson  (Dr.)  and  Dr.  Dodd,  445. 
"Think  it  possible  that  you  maybe  wrong  : 
Cromwell,  117.  Woodberry  (George),  517 

S  (W.  S.)  on  Forbes  of  Skellater,  36.  '  Kenil- 
worth':  "Manna  of  St.  Nicholas,"  75.  Port 
Henderson  :  Corrie  Bhreachan,  97.  Three 
Heavens,  158 

St.  Patrick  on  Barry  O'Meara,  Napoleon's  surgeon 
at  St.  Helena,  167 

St.  S  within  on  anvil  cure,  448.  Austen's  (Jane) 
'  Persuasion,'  339.  Bells  of  Bosham,  286. 
Board  of  Green  Cloth,  137.  Breda  cockneys, 
227.  Burgh-on-Sands  :  its  pronunciation,  457. 
"  Bursell,"  73.  "  But  "  ="  without  "  in  the 
Bible,  26.  "  Castles  in  Spain  "  :  "  Castle  in 
the  air,"  66.  Christmas  in  Brittany,  501. 
Corpse  bleeding  in  presence  of  the  murderer,  54. 


572 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


Coverham  horses,  206.  Cross-legged  effigies, 
88.  Cuckoo  rimes :  Heathfield  Cuckoo  Fair, 
135.  Farmer's  Creed,  6.  "  Fent "  :  trade 
term,  478.  Fielding  (Henry)  and  the  civil 
power,  336.  Finch  family  tradition,  246. 
"  Gabetin,"  78.  Gyp's  '  Petit  Bob  '  :  "  Robe 
en  toile  k  voile,"  214.  History  of  England  with 
riming  verses,  233.  '  Howden  Fair,'  439. 
Johnson  (Dr.)  and  tobacco,  175  ;  and  '  The 
Pilgrim's  Progress,'  492.  Learned  horses,  354. 
Lotus  and  India,  72.  Lunatics  and  private 
lunatic  asylums,  251.  "  Make  a  long  arm," 
158.  Merivale  (Dean)  on  perseverance,  10. 
Millinery  in  1911,  86.  Mummy  used  as  paint 
by  artists,  57.  Needles  in  China  :  quaint  use, 
506.  "  Old  Clem  "  :  '  Great  Expectations,' 
415.  Purvis  surname,  358.  Richmond,  York- 
shire :  market  custom,  307.  "  Rydyng  aboute 
of  victory,"  &c.,  408.  St.  Clement  the  Pope 
and  Wyremongers,  196.  St.  Esprit,  257.  St. 
Expeditus,  45.  St.  Hugh  and  "  the  Holy  Nut," 
69.  SS.  Bridget,  Gertrude,  Foillan,  and 
Febronia,  236.  Selden's  '  Table  Talk  '  :  "  force," 
278.  Shakespeare  and  "  warray  "  :  Sonnet 
CXLVI.,  243.  Stockings,  black  and  coloured, 
166.  "  Swale  "  :  its  American  and  English 
meanings,  114.  Tattershall  :  Elsham  :  Grant- 
ham,  455.  Thackeray  :  Wray,  333.  Touching 
a  corpse,  95,  178.  Trees  growing  from  graves, 
297.  Twins  and  second  sight,  379.  Viper  and 
cow  folk-lore,  147 

Salmon  (David)  on  eighteenth-century  school- 
book,  392.  Rhoscrowther  :  Llandegeman  : 
Rhos-y-cryther,  393 

Sandys  (Sir  J.  E.)  on  Wordsworth  :  "  Quam  nihil 
ad  genium,  Papiniane,  tuum  !  "  531 

Saunders  (G.  Symes)  on  King's  turnspits,  177. 
"  Scammel  "  =to  tread  on,  229.  "  Swale  "  :  its 
American  and  English  meanings,  175 

Saunders  (H.  A.  C.)  on  Dumas  on  Cleopatra's 
Needles,  375 

Savage  (Canon  E.  B.)  on  Capt.  Cuttle's  hook,  506. 
Lodbrok's  (Ragnor)  sons:  Hulda,  337.  Pears: 
"  Bon  Chretien  "  and  "  Doyenne  du  Cornice," 
372 

Schank  (Lionel)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted, 
276 

Schloesser  (F.)  on  "  Bombay  duck,"  238. 
"Caratch,"  237.  "  Dillisk  "  and  "slook,"  469. 
Noel,  cook  to  Frederick  the  Great,  269.  Obso- 
lete fish,  310 

Schwerin-Schwerinsburg  (A.  Count)  on  Phillipps 
family,  527 

Scott  (J.  W.)  on  dry  weather  in  nineteenth 
century,  495 

Scott  (W. )  on  Battle  on  the  Wey  :  Carpenter, 
Cressingham,  and  Rowe  families,  77.  '  Church 
Historians  of  England,'  117.  Dickens  and 
Thackeray  :  Mantalini,  153.  "  Gag,"  "  guillo- 
tine," and  "  kangaroo  "  as  Parliamentary 
terms,  35.  House  of  Commons  prayer  :  Speaker 
Yelverton,  38.  Nelson  :  "  musle,"  477.  Peter 
the  Great's  portrait,  17.  '  Waverley  '  :  "  Clan 
of  grey  Fingon,"  37 

Scotus  on  Burns  and  '  The  Wee  WTee  German 
Lairdie,'  14.  D'Urfey  and  Allan  Ramsay,  58. 
Macaulay's  (Lord)  ancestry,  33.  Ogilvie  (Rev. 
Dr.),  brother  of  the  poet.  494.  Swammerdam's 
'  History  of  Insects,'  18.  Twins  and  second 
sight,  54 

Senior  (W.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  309 

Sharpe  (Dr.  Reginald  R.)  on  St.  Clement  the  Pope 
and  Wyremongers,  147 


Shearme  (D.)  on  Cornish  genealogy~rand  the  Civil 
War,  228  '^ 

Shepherd  (T.)  on  Axford  family,  399.  Bibles 
with  curious  readings,  158,  259.  Cock-fighting 
and  Coronation  mugs,  366.  Dumbleton,  place- 
name,  179.  First  perforated  postage  stamps, 
298.  Per  centum  :  its  symbol,  238.  Port 
Henderson  :  Corrie  Bhreachan,  58,  97.  Royal 
jubilees,  12.  St.  Esprit,  257  fctf*.  < 

Sherborne  (Lord)  on  "  O.K.,"  17 

Sherson  (E.  S.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted* 
507 

Sherwood  (G.)  on  deeds  and  abstracts  of  title  r 
society  for  their  preservation,  194 

Shickle  (C.  W.)  on  John  Rustat,  29 

Sicile  on  Spanish  motto,  353,  437.  Urban  V.'s 
family  name,  256 

Siev eking  (A.  Forbes)  on  Matthew  Arnold's  French 
quotation,  149.  Fives  Court,  St.  Martin's 
Lane  :  Tennis  Court,  Haymarket,  110.  King's 
Theatre  (Opera-House),  Haymarket,  495 

Sieveking  (Herbert)  on  Cavendish  Square  :  eques- 
trian statue.  527 

Sigma  Tau  [2]  on  Nicolay  family,  407 

Skeat  (Prof.  W.  W.)  on  "  apssen  counter,"  256. 
Authors  of  quotations  wanted,  76.  Bagstor 
surname,  213.  Baked  pears  =  "  WTardens  ": 
Bedford  Fair,  371.  Beaumont  and  Fletcher  r 
'Monsieur  Thomas,'  345.  "  Bursell,"  73. 
"  Ch  "  :  its  pronunciation  in  early  English, 
285.  "  Cytel  "  in  Anglo-Saxon  names,  233, 
491.  "  Dillisk  "  and  "  slook,"  532.  "  Fent  "  : 
trade  term,  458.  Haldeman's  surname,  398. 
"  Haywra,"  place-name,  35.  "  Homestead," 
525.  "  Honorificabilitudinitatibus,"  538.  "  In- 
goldsby  Legends  '  :  rebus,  216.  '  Knight  of 
the  Burning  Pestle':  "FS.=3s.  2d.,"  434. 
Norris  surname,  417.  Obsolete  fish,  396.  Penge 
as  a  place-name,  437.  "  Pe.  .tt,"  513.  Purvis 
surname,  357.  St.  George  and  the  lamb,  37. 
Scissors  :  "  pile  "  side,  317.  Shakespeariana, 
83.  Tattershall  :  Elsham  :  Grantham,  314. 
Thackeray  :  Wray,  333.  Waller  (Baron  de)  : 
Sir  Robert  Waller  at  Agincourt,  412.  "  Writes 
me  "  :  "  Stand  it,"  536 

Sladen  (Rev.  S.)  on  Eliza  Wesley,  508 

Smith  (E.)  on  tailor  and  poet,  495 

Smith  (Prof.  G.  C.  Moore)  on  "  fent,"  478.  North 
Devon  words  c.  1600,  518 

Smyth  (H.)  on  "  happen,"  437.  Rags  at  wells, 
38 

Snell  (F.  S.)  on  Arno  surname,  376.  Peers 
immortalized  by  public-houses,  332.  '  St. 
Aubin  ;  or,  The  Infidel :  a  Novel,'  28. 
Touching  a  corpse,  434 

Solomons  (Israel)  on  Hebrew  medal,  511.  Jew 
and  Jewson  surnames,  209.  Lima  (J.  Suasso 
de),  509 

Solus  on  Macaulay  on  the  WTar  of  the  Spanish 
Succession,  207 

Somerville  (C.  F.)  on  '  Mother  and  Three  Camps/ 
'  Guard  Salute,'  or  '  The  Point  of  War,'  227 

Sparke  (Archibald)  on  rating  of  clergy  to  find 
armour,  532 

Spicer  (Newton)  on  Lady  Elizabeth  Stuart, 
Darnley's  sister,  89 

Squires  (E.  E.)  on  John  Owen  of  Hemel  Hemp- 
stead,  schoolmaster,  9 

Stapleton  (A.)  on  "  Gothamites  "  =  Londoners,  133 

Steel  (A.  E.)  on  Sir  Walter  Ralegh's  house  at 
Youghal,  472 

Steele  (R.  L. )  on  Shakespeares  in  the  eighteenth 
century,  146 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27, 1912. 


INDEX. 


573 


Steuart      (A.     Francis)     on     Casanoviana,     462. 

'  Maguire's  (Mr.  Barney)  Account  of  the   Coro- 
nation,   1838,'    166.        "  Souchy  "  :     "  water- 
suchy,"  137 
Stewart     (Alan)     on     Highgate     Archway,     274. 

Lions     modelled     by     Alfred     Stevens,     438. 

Masonic  drinking-mug  :  frog  or  toad  mugs,  210. 

Watchmaker's  epitaph  at  Lydford,  265 
Stilwell  (J.  P.)  on  Dark  Saturday,  25  Feb.,  1597, 

528.        Deer-leaps,      138.        "  Happen,"     497. 

Leman  Street,  E.,  258.      Stockings,  black  and 

coloured,  214.     "  Tumble-down  Dick,"  153 
Stockley  (G.  W.)  on  Uniacke  family,  276 
Stone  (J.  Harris)  on  baked  pears  =  "  Wardens  "  : 

Bedford  Fair,   309.      Castle  Howard  Mabuse  : 

two    dogs.   227.     Stonehenge :    '  The   Birth    of 

Merlin,'  128 
Stopes  (C.  C.)  on  "  Honorificabilitudinitatibus  ": 

early  use,  487 
Street  (E.  E.)  on  "  De  la"  in  English  surnames, 

174.     "  Make  a  long  arm,"  158 
Student  of  Old  English  on  "  but  "="  without  " 

in  the  Bible,  79 
Suckling    (F.    H.)    on   moor,    more,    and   moory- 

ground,    215.     Refugee    family   of    La    Motte, 

221 
Sussex  on  "  As  sure  as  God  made  little  apples," 

377.     Cuckoo  rimes  :    Heathfield  Cuckoo  Fair, 

96 
Sutherland  (A.)  on   Limburger  cheese  and  coffin, 

29 

Sutocs  on  Samuel  Horsley,  154 
Sweetapple  (H.  Algar)  on  Sweetapple  surname  : 

Sweetapple  Court,  213 
Sweeting  (W.  D.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted, 

58 
Swynnerton    (C.)   on   ancient   terms,  528.       "  In 

spite  of  his  teeth,"  267.      Knibberch  (F.),  289, 

337 


T.    (D.    K.)    on   Aishe  and  Gorges   families,  169. 

Chelvey  Church,  Somerset,  289.     Cuckoo  and 

its  call,  96,  195.     "  O  for  the  life  of  a  soldier!  " 

29 
T.  (E.  G.)  on  Cardinal  Allen's  arms,  116.     Book 

inscriptions,      34.        "  Schicksal      und     eigene 

Schuld,"  57 
T.  (G.  M.)  on  Cardinal  Allen's  arms,  30.      Authors 

of  quotations  wanted,  428 
T.  (J.)  on  Col.  Sir  J.  Abbott  :    '  Constance  '  and 

'  Allaooddeen,'  279 

T.  (L.  E.)  on  Rev.  Samuel  Greatheed,  347 
T.  (W.)  on  Miss  Howard  and  Napoleon  III.,  433 
Tapley-Soper  (H.)  on  deeds  and  abstracts  of  title  : 

society  for  their  preservation.  194.     Reynolds's 

(Sir  Joshua)  pocket-books,  218 
Tavar6  (F.  Lawrence)  on  Epitaphiana,  524 
Tay  (Row)  on   figures    rising  from  the   dead,  37. 

Military  executions,  98.      St.   George  and   the 

lamb,  36.     St.  Sabinus  or  St.  Salvius,  158 
Taylor  (C.  S.)  on  St.  Hugh  and  "  the  Holy  Nut," 

156 
Taylor  (G.  M. )  on  apophthegms  for  school  museum, 

Taylor  (H.)  on  sundial  inscription  at  Sevenoaks, 

307 

Tempany  (T.  W.)  on  Dr.  Price  the  Druid,  274 
Ternant  (Andrew  de)  on  '  Dictionary  of  Musicians  ' 

of  1822-7,  487 

Tertius  on  Theophilus  Leigh,  D.D.,  537 
'T'ew  (E.  L.  H.)  on  author  of  '  Guy  Livingstone,' 

249.     Chaplains  :     their   status,    208.,^Church 


closed  on  vicar's  death,  286.  First  perforated 
postage  stamps,  197.  Jersey  (Earl  of)  :  lines 
on  his  ancestress,  310.  Maida :  regiments 
present,  110,  232,  334.  Napoleon's  "  Guard," 
289.  Oxford  degrees  and  ordination,  528. 
Upham  Latin  inscriptions  :  Holdway  and 
Ewen,  330.  Wesley  journals,  369 

Thackeray  (J.  W.)  on  William  Thacker,  270 

Theakston  (H.)  on  Thekeston  or  Thexton  family 
of  Yorkshire,  488 

Theta  on  Vatican  frescoes,  69 

Thomas    (Mrs.  Frances  Hill)  on    Daniel    Horrv 
295.    Pons  (Comtede),  110 

Thomas  (Ralph)  on  Campbell  the  Scottish  giant, 
198.  Dennett  (Misses),  108.  Grimaldi  as  a 
canary :  '  Harlequin  Gulliver,'  95.  Harrison 
(James),  painter  and  architect,  201.  Long's 
Hotel,  Bond  Street,  512.  Wint  (Peter  de),  93 

Thomas-Stanford  (C.)  on  Charles  I.:  'Biblia 
Aurea,'  113 

Thomlinson  (W.  Clark)  on  Overing  surname,  89. 
Trees  growing  from  graves,  297 

Thorn-Drury  (G.)  on  portrait  at  Hampton  Court, 
505.  Shakespeare  allusions,  365 

Thornton  (R.  H.)  on  American  scurrilous  epi- 
taphs. 265.  Authors  of  quotations  wanted,  109. 
"  During,"  "  notwithstanding,"  &c.,  229.  Ed- 
ward VII.  in  '  Punch  '  as  baby  and  as  boy,  64. 
Grimaldi  as  a  canary,  25.  "  Happen,"  346. 
"  Make  a  long  arm,"  44.  Malthus  (Thomas 
Robert),  126.  Pope  (Alexander)  and  the  Rev. 
Mather  Byles,  166.  Proofs  seen  by  Elizabethan 
authors,  86.  "  Put  that  in  your  pipe  and  smoke 
it,"  207.  Tailed  Englishmen,  46.  "  Watching 
how  the  cat  jumps,"  106 

Till  (E.  D.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  449 

Trin.  Coll.  Camb.  on  authors  of  quotations 
wanted,  476.  Keats's  '  Ode  to  a  Nightingale,' 
507 

Tudor  (E.  John)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted, 
329 

Turner  (F.)  on  Aynescombe,  Surrey,  238. 
"  Burway,"  169.  Great  Fosters,  Egham,  125. 
Thynnes  of  Longleat  and  Sir  W.  Covert,  209. 
Waterton's  (Charles)  pamphlets,  295 

Turneur  (Jan.)  on  Turners  of  Sussex,  407 

U.  on  M'Clelland  family,  195 

Unwin  (T.  Fisher)  on  William  Hone,  407 

Urbanus  on  Gaily  Knight  :     "  ipecacuanha "    in 

verse,  152 
Ussher  (R.)  on  Hadria,  450 

V.  (L.)  on  Dublin  Barracks,  1828-40,  50.     Foxes 

as    guards    instead    of     dogs,    50.       Victoria's 

(Princess)  visit  to  the  Marquis  of  Anglesey,  67 
V.  (T.  T. )  on  Capt.  Drayson's  '  Third  Motion  of 

the  Earth,'  214.     "  Swale  "  :    its  American  and 

English  meanings,  114 
Vade-Walpole  (T.  H.  B.)  on  Elector  Palatine  c. 

1685,  136 
Varnish  (E.  G.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted, 

16.    Diatoric  teeth,  395 
Verisopht  (F. )  on  '  Pickwick  Papers  '  :    printers' 

errors  in  first  edition,  353 
Verus  on  Colonies  :    their  arms,  368.      Epicurus 

at  Herculaneum,  270 

W.  (A.  T. )  on  Jew  and  Jewson  surnames,  258 
W.  (C.  B  )  on   Pope's    description    of    Swift,  270. 

Thackeray  on  the  Marquis  de  Soubise's  cook, 

270 
Wt  (D.)  on  "  Here  sleeps  a  youth,"  28 


574 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  27,  1912. 


W.  (F.  A.)  on  Belgian  coin  with  Flemish  inscrip- 
tion, 176.  French  coins  :  Republic  and  Empire, 
255.  Howard  (Miss)  and  Napoleon  III.,  430. 
"  J'y  suis,  j'y  reste,"  197.  '  Mother  and  Three 
Camps  '  :  '  Point  of  War,'  337.  Paris  barriers, 
293.  Regiment  (75th)  at  Delhi.  288.  "Souchy," 
96.  Street  nomenclature,  236 
W.  (G.  H.)  on  apparition  at  Pirton,  Herts,  33. 
Gwinett  (Ambrose)  and  'The  London  Gazette,' 
410.  Hebrew  medal,  511.  Wanstead  Flats 
and  George  III.,  310 

W.  (G.  T.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  16 
W.    (L.    A.)    on    "dillisk"    and     "  slock,"    532. 
Hemans  (Felicia),  534.     Guild  or  Fraternity  of 
the  Blessed  Virgin  Mary,  538.     Prime  Serjeant, 
516 

W.  (S.)  on  '  La  Carmagnole,'  158 
W.  (S.  S.)  on  "  Bonny  Earl  o'  Moray,"  154.   Guild 

of  Clothiers,  118.     '  Lizzie  Lindsay,'  33 
W.  (T.)  on  W.  J.  Linton  :    Henry  Linton,  169 
W.  (T.  W.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  469 
Wainev  right  ( J.  B.)  on  Cardinal  Allen's  arms,  116. 
Belgian    coin    with    Flemish    inscription,    279. 
British  royal  arms  in  Milan,  290.     Cuckoo  rimes, 
31.     Heine  and  Byron,  338.     Irish  schoolboys  : 
description  of  parents,  138.    Montaignac  (Fran-  j 
cois  de  Gain  de),  386.      "  Wait  and  see,"  157.  j 
Welsh  canonized  saints,  328 
Walker    (Benj.)    on    early    arms  of    France,  389. 

Lodbrok's  (Ragnor)  sons  :    Hulda,  315 
Walker  (R.  Johnson)  on  Longinus  and  St.  Paul,  64  j 
Waller  (Norfolk)  on  Baron  de  Waller  :    Sir  Robert  j 

Waller  at  Agincourt,  329 

Wallis  (H.  A.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  28  ' 
Walsh  (Walter)  on  "  [  believe  in  human  kindness," 

69 

Ward  (H.  G.)  on  Crystal  Palace  tickets,  405 
WTard  (H.  Snowden)  on  American  national  flower, 

352.     Price  (Dr.)  the  Druid,  273 
Warner  (Sir  E.  Lee)  on  \Varner  =  Capell  or  Abbott, 

174 

Warrack  (A.)  on  Bagstor  surname,  417 
Watson  (Eric  R.)  on  Eugene  Aram,  468.     Aram 
(Eugene)  :  Daniel  Clarke,  488.     "  Broken  coun- 
sellor," 496 

Watson  (Lily)  on  Thackeray  and  a  child,  325 
Watson  (W.  G.  Willis)  on  "  Franklin  days,"  9 
Weber  (A.)  on  Earl  of  Surrey  and  De  Baii,  365 
Welford  (R.)  on  John  Downman,  A.R.A. :    Misses 
Clarke  :    Barnard,    458.       Friday  as    Christian 
name,  454.     Heraldic  visitations,  29 
Wells  (C.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  428. 
Bristol  M.P.'s  :   Sir  Arthur  Hart  and  Sir  John 
Knight,  291 
Werner    (A.)    on    Chaucer's    '  Pardoner's    Tale  '  : 

African  analogue,  82 

Wesley  (F.  D.)  on  American  national  flower,  455. 
Authors  of  quotations  wanted,  488.  Peers 
immortalized  by  public-houses,  271.  SS.  Bridget, 
Gertrude,  Foillan,  and  Febronia,  236 
West  (Erskine  E.)  on  Boleyn  family  in  Ireland  : 
various  spellings,  465 


Weyman  (H.  T.)  on  Ludlow  Castle,  196 

Whale  (G.)  on  King's  turnspits  :    sinecures   temp. 

George  III.,  195 

Wheeler    (Stephen)    on    authors    of    quotations 
wanted,  476.     Pope's  description  of  Swift,  314 
Wherry  (G.)  on  "All  my  eye  and  Betty  Martin," 
254.     Newcome's  (Col.)  death,  225     ' 

White  (F.  C.)  on  Dr.  Thomas  Arnold  and  '  Hum- 
phry Clinker,'  348.  Hay  ward  (William  Ste- 
phens), the  novelist,  149.  Johnson  (Dr.)  and 
'  The  Pilgrim's  Progress,'  408.  Senior  Wrang- 
lers :  Senior  Classics,  69 

White  (G.  H.)  on  Le  Botiler  or  Butler  family,  394. 
Gower  family  of  Worcestershire,  53.  Gyp's 
'  Petit  Bob  ' :  "  Robe  en  toile  a  voile,"  170,  353. 
Noble  families  in  Shakespeare,  458.  St.  Andrews 
(Roger,  Bishop  of)  and  Ermengard,  Queen  of 
Scotland,  245.  "Scavenger"  and  "scavager/' 
116.  Urban  V.'s  family  name,  456,  499 

Whitehead  (B.)  on  Norman  Court,  Hampshire  : 
Whitehead  family,  309 

Wienholt  (Mrs.  E.  C.)  on  authors  of  quotations 
wanted,  189.  "Make  a  long  arm,"  215.  Snakes 
drinking  milk,  206 

Willcock  (J.)  on  Jacob  Behmen,  367.  Lotus  and 
India,  27 

Willcock  (S.)  on  French  coin :  Republic  and 
Empire,  149 

Williams  (Miss  E.  F.)  on  Thomas  Cromwell,  509 

Williams  (J.  B.)  on  Cornish  genealogy  and  the  Civil 
War,  272.  Cromwelliana,  3,  103,  262,  343 

Williams  (R.  C.  C.)  on  authors  of  quotations 
wanted,  408 

Wilson  ( J. )  on  Wilson  :  certificates  of  baptism 
wanted,  470 

Wilson  (W.  E.)  on  deer-leaps,  156.  Shake- 
speariana,  243 

Wright  (T.  H.)  on  Astwell  Castle  and  Manor, 
Northants,  189 

Wyatt  (Ethel)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  8 


Xylographer  on  Harmonists  :  the  Philanthropic 
Society,  188.  Henry  VII.  and  Mabuse,  7. 
Manutius  (Aldus)  :  portrait  by  Bellini,  130. 
Procter  (B.  W.),  "Barry  Cornwall,"  48 


Y.  on  Major  Benjamin  Woodward,  8 

Y.  (J.  H.)  on  John  Lord,  afterwards  Owen,  Bt.,  310 

Y.  (X.)  on  deeds  and  abstracts  of  title:    society 

for  their  preservation,  148 

Ygrec on '  Cassar's  Dialogue,'  1601, 287.  "Grecian" 
in  1615,  270.  St.  Columb  and  Stratton  ac- 
counts, 7 

Yockney  (A.)  on  Grinling  Gibbons  and  Rogers,  299 
Yonge  (C.  F.)  on  Knights  Hospitallers  in  Kent  : 
Claypans,  87 


Z.  on  Judge  M'Clelland,  250 

Zephyr  on  "  Bonny  Earl  o'  Moray."  68 


LONDON  :   PRINTED   BY  JOHN    EDWARD  FRANCIS,    BREAM'S  BUILDINGS,    CHANCERY  LANE. 


AG  Notes  and  queries 

305  Ser.ll  v.4 

N7 
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