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SHAKSPEAIIIANA:— Passage  in  "Measure  for  Measure"  — Mr.  W.  II. 

Shakspeare's   Sonnets  —  Portrait   of  Shakspeare  —  Baccare  —  Tap  — 

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Titles  of  the  French  Noblesse,  by  J.  Macray  —  Names  of  Numbers, 

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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JANUARY  7,  I860. 

NO.  210.  — CONTENTS. 

NOTES:— The  Bonasus,  the  Bison,  and  the  Bubalus,  1  — 
The  Beffana,  an  Italian  Twelfth  Night  Custom,  5  — The 

—  Aldine  Aratus,  Ib.—  Bankrupts  during  the  Reign  of 
Elizabeth,  6— The  King's  Scutcheon,  Ib.  —  Alexander  of 
Abouoteichos  and  Joseph  Smith   —  Peele's  "Edward  I." 
Ib. 

MINOR  NOTES  :  —  Sir  Isaac  Newton  on  the  Longitude  — 
Relics  of  Archbishop  Leighton  —  Longevity  of  Clerical  In- 
cumbents —  Carthaginian  Building  Materials  —  Swift's 
Cottage  at  Moor  Park,  8. 

QUERIES:  — Rev.  Thomas  Bayes,  &c.,9  —  The  Throw  for 
Life  or  Death,  10  — An  Excellent  Example:  Portrait  of 
Richard  II.  —  Peppercomb  —  Oliver  Goldsmith  —  Memo- 
rial of  a  Witch  —  Yoftregere  —  Crispin  Tucker  —  The 
Four  Fools  of  the  Mumbles  —  Cleaning  a  Watch  on  the 
Summit  of  Salisbury  Spire  — Accident  on  theMedway  — 
Temple  Bar  Queries  —  Translations  mentioned  by  Moore 
—Bishop  preaching  to  April  Fools  —  The  Yea-and-Nay  Aca- 
demy of  Compliments  —  Ballad  of  the  Gunpowder  Treason 

—  Dispossessed  Priors  and  Prioresses— Supervisor— Ame- 
rica known  to  the  Chinese,  &c.,  11. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS:— A  Case  for  the  Spectacles  — 
"  Trepasser : "  to  die  —  Life  of  Lord  Clive  —  "  A  propos  de 
bottes  "  —  "  The  Ragman's  Roll "  —  Claude,  Pictures  by,  13. 

REPLIES:— Watson,  Home,  and  Jones,  14— George  Gas- 
coigne-the  Poet,  15  —  Barony  of  Broughton :  Remarkable 
Trial,  16  —  Bocardo  —  Horse-talk  —  Claudius  Gilbert  — 

—  Heraldic  Drawings  and   Engravings  —  Three  Church- 
wardens—  Notes  on  Regiments  —  Rev.  William  Dunkin, 
D.D.  —  Sir  Peter  Gleane  —  Spoon  Inscription  —  Mrs.  Myd- 
dleton's  Portrait  —  Lingard's  "  England : "  Edinburgh  and 
Quarterly  Reviewers,  17. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


THE  BONASUS,  THE  BISON,  AND  THE 
BUBALUS. 

Herodotus,  in  the  passage  in  which  he  describes 
the  camels  of  Xerxes  as  attacked  by  liens  on  their 
march  across  the  upper  part  of  the  Chalcidic  pe- 
ninsula, through  the  Paeonian  and  Crestonian  ter- 
ritories, mentions  incidentally  that  there  were,  in 
his  own  time,  wild  oxen  in  this  region,  whose  horns, 
of  immense  size,  were  imported  into  Greece  (vii. 
126. ;  see  "  N.  &  Q.,"  2nd  S.  viii.  81.). 

Aristotle  adverts  to  the  bonasus  in  several  pas- 
sages of  his  works  on  natural  history ;  and  in  one 
he  gives  a  detailed  description  of  the  animal 
(Hist.  An.,  ii.  1.  and  16.;  ix.  45. ;  De  Part.  An., 
iii.  2.).  The  following  is  a  summary  of  his  ac- 
count:—  The  bonasus,  in  appearance,  size,  and 
voice,  resembles  an  ox.  It  has  a  mane  ;  its  colour 
is  tawny  ;  and  it  is  hunted  for  the  sake  of  its 
flesh,  which  is  eatable.  Its  horns  are  curved,  and 
turned  towards  one  another,  so  as  to  be  useless 
for  attack.  Their  length  is  somewhat  more  than  a 
(nrida/j.^,  or  palm  (=  9  inches)  ;  their  thickness  is 
such  that  each  contains  nearly  half  a  chous  (= 
nearly  3  pints),  and  their  colour  is  a  shining 
black.  It  is  a  native  of  Paeonia,  and  is  found  on 
Mount  Messapius,  which  forms  the  boundary  of 
Paeonia  and  Msedica.  The  Pseonians  call  it  by 
the  name  of  monapus.  (H.  A.,  ix.  45. ;  compare 
Camus,  Notes,  vol.  ii.  p.  135.) 


The  preceding  account  of  Aristotle  is  repeated 
in  an  abridged  form  in  Pseud-Aristot.  de  Mirab.  1.,. 
where  the  name  of  the  mountain  is  corrupted  into 
"Ua-au'os,  that  of  the  animal  into  &6\ivdos,  and  the 
Paeonian  name  into  iJ.6va.nros ;  and  in  Antig.  Caryst.r 
Hist.  Mir.,  53.,  where  the  name  of  the  mountain 
is  corrupted  into  Mapowos,  and  the  Paeonian  name 
of  the  animal  into  ju<Wros.  There  is  a  short 
notice  of  the  same  animal  in  JElian,  Nat.  An.,  vii. 
3.,  where  its  Pseonian  name  is  said  to  be  jurfw^.. 
The  account  of  Aristotle  is  briefly  reproduced  by 
Pliny,  N.  H.,  viii.  16. 

Messapius  is  known  as  the  name  of  a  raountaia 

j  in  Bceotia  (JEsch.  Ag.,  284. ;  Strab.  ix.  2.  §  13.),. 

i  and  as  the  ethnic  appellative  of  tribes  in  Locris 

and  lapygia  (Thuc.,  iii.  101.)  ;  but  the  mountain 

of  that  name  on  the  borders  of  Paeonia  is  only 

mentioned  in  the  passage  of  Aristotle  just  cited.. 

Pteonia  is  the  country  lying  between  Macedonia, 

and  the  territory  inhabited  by  the  Thracian  tribe 

of  the  Msedi.     (See  Dr.  Smith's  Diet,  of  Anc. 

Geogr.,  art.  HJSDI.) 

Pausanias,  writing  about  1 70  A.D.,  and  there- 
fore at  an  interval  of  about  500  years  from  Aris- 
totle, states  that  he  had  seen  Pseonian  bulls  ia 
the  Roman  amphitheatre,  which  he  describes  as 
shaggy  over  the  whole  body,  but  particularly  on 
the'breast  and  neck  (ix.  21.  2.).  He  likewise  re- 
cords a  brazen  head  of  a  bison,  or  Paeonian  bull, 
dedicated  at  Delphi  by  Dropion,  son  of  Deon, 
king  of  Paeonia;  and  he  proceeds  to  give  a  de- 
tailed account  of  the  manner  in  which  these  savage 
animals  were  hunted.  He  speaks  of  them  as  an, 
extant  species,  and  says  that  they  are  the  most 
difficult  of  all  animals  to  take  alive  (x.  13.). 

Oppian,  the  author  of  the  Cynegetica,  a  poem 
composed  about  200  A.D.,  describes  the  bison 
(£(Vo>j/),  and  states  that  its  name  was  derived  from, 
its  being  an  inhabitant  of  Bistonian  Thrace.  It 
has  (he  says)  a  tawny  mane,  like  a  lion.  Its 
horns  are  pointed,  and  turned  upwards,  not  out- 
wards ;  hence  it  throws  men  and  animals  upright 
into  the  air.  The  tongue  of  the  bison  is  narrow 
and  rough,  and  with  it  he  licks  off  the  flesh  of  his 
prey  (Cyn.,  ii.  159—175.). 

Athenaeus,  xi.  c.  51.,  illustrates  at  length  the 
ancient  custom  of  drinking  from  horns ;  and  he 
cites  Theopompus  as  stating,  in  the  2nd  book  of 
his  Philippica,  that  the  kings  of  Paeonia,  in  whose 
dominions  there  were  oxen  with  horns  so  large  as 
to  hold  3  and  4  choes  (9  and  12  quarts),  used 
them  as  drinking  cups,  with  silver  and  gold  rims 
round  the  mouth. 

An  epigram  in  the  Anthology,  attributed  to  the- 
poet  Antipater  (who  lived  about  100  B.C.),  de- 
scribes the  head  of  a  wild  bull,  dedicated  by 
Philip  of  Macedon,  which  he  had  killed  in  the 
chase,  upon  the  ridges  of  Orbelus.  This  mountain 
was  situated  on  the  Pasonian  frontier  of  his  king- 
dom (Anth.  Pal.,  vi.  115.).  An  extant  epigram  of 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"*  S.  IX.  JAN.  7.  '60. 


Addieus  the  Macedonian,  who  was  contemporary 
with  Alexander  the  Great,  likewise  celebrates  the 
feat  of  Peucestes,  in  killing  a  wild  bull  in  the 
defiles  of  the  Pseonian  mountain  of  Doberus ;  the 
horns  of  which  he  converted  into  drinking  cups, 
as  a  memorial  of  his  prowess  (Anth.  Palt  ix.  300.). 
It  is  remarkable  that  this  epigram  in  the  Vatican 
MS.  is  inscribed,  'A5aioi>  els  TlevKe<frt]v  rov  KO.XOV- 
fj-evov  ^opfipov  Aoxewravra :  for  fo/xjSpoy  is  evidently 
the  same  word  as  zubr,  which,  according  to  Schnei- 
der, Eel  Phys.,  vol.  ii.  p.  25.  (Jena,  1801),  was 
anciently  zombr  or  zimbr,  the  native  Polish  name 
of  the  Aurochs,  to  which  reference  will  be  pre- 
sently made. 

The  Prconian  bull  of  Herodotus  and  Theo- 
pompus,  the  Pseonian  bonasus  of  Aristotle,  the 
Pseonian  bison  of  Pausanias,  and  the  Thracian 
bison  of  Oppian,  are  evidently  the  same  animal. 
Wild  oxen,  of  great  ferocity,  are  mentioned  by 
Varro  as  abundant  in  Dardania,  Media,  and 
Thrace  at  his  own  time  (R.  R.  ii.  1.  5.). 

Besides  the  Pseonian  bonasus  or  bison,  other 
races  of  oxen  are  mentioned  in  antiquity  as  dis- 
tinguished by  the  size  of  their  horns.  Thus 
JElian  (Nat.  An.  iii.  34.)  states  that  the  horn  of 
an  Indian  ox,  containing  three  amphorae,  was 
brought  to  Ptolemy  the  Second.  (A  Greek  am- 
phora =  8  gallons  7  pints.)  Pliny  (viii.  70.)  says 
that  the  horns  of  Indian  oxen  are  four  feet  in 
width.  The  same  writer  reports  that  the  northern 
barbarians  were  accustomed  to  drink  out  of  the 
horns  of  the  urus  ;  two  of  which  contained  a  Ro- 
man nrna  (=  2  gallons  7|  pints).  Some  horns 
of  a  Sabine  ox,  of  great  size,  were  preserved  in 
the  vestibule  of  the  temple  of  Diana  on  the 
Aventine  at  Rome,  and  were  illustrated  by  a 
sacred  legend.  (Livy,  i.  45. ;  Val.  Max.  vii.  3.  1.; 
Victor,  de  Vir.  III.  7.;  Plut.  Qucest.  Rom.  4.)  The 
Molossian  oxen  had  very  large  horns,  the  shape 
of  which  was  described  by  the  historian  Theo- 
pompus.  (AtJien.  xi.  p.  468.  D.)  Buffon  re- 
marks that  some  of  the  species  of  ox  have  horns 
of  great  size  :  there  was  one  (he  says)  in  the 
Cabinet  du  Roi,  3£  feet  in  length,  and  7  inches  in 
diameter  at  the  base ;  he  adds  that  several  tra- 
vellers declare  themselves  to  have  seen  horns 
which  contained  15  and  even  20  pints  of  fluid. 
(Quad.  torn.  v.  p.  75.) 

An  account  of  a  carnivorous  race  of  wild  oxen 
in  Ethiopia  is  given  in  Agatharchides,  de  Mari 
Rubro,  c.  76.  with  C.  Miiller's  note;  Diod.  iii. 
35. ;  Strab.  xvi.  4. 16. ;  JEIian,  Nat.  An.  xvii.  45. ; 
Plin.  N.  H.  viii.  30.  Most  of  the  details  are 
fabulous.  It  may  be  observed  that  Oppian,  in 
the  passage  above  cited,  describes  the  Pteonian 
bison  as  a  carnivorous  animal. 

According  to  Caesar,  three  wild  animals  were 
found  in  the  Hercynian  forest.  1.  An  ox  having 
on  its  forehead  one  horn  with  antlers.  2.  The 
alces.  3.  The-  urus,  a  large  ox  with  a  horn  of 


great  size,  which  was  used  as  a  drinking  horn.  (B. 
G.  vi.  26—8.) 

Macrobius,  Sat.  vi.  4.  s.  23.,  commenting  on 
Virg.  Georg.  ii.  474.,  "  Silvestres  uri,"  says :  — 
"  Uri  Gallica  vox  est,  qua  feri  boves  significan- 
tur." 


In  the  tragedy  of  Seneca,  Hippolytus  thus  ad- 
dresses Diana :  — 

"  Tibi  dant  variae  pectora  tigres, 
Tibi  villosi  terga  bisontes, 
Latisque  feri  cornibns  uri." — Hipp.  63 — 5. 

Pliny  (viii.  15.)  distinguishes  the  bison  jubatus 
from  the  urus,  and  makes  them  both  natives  of 
Germany.  He  considers  them  as  animals  un-. 
known  to  the  Greeks,  and  therefore  as  different 
from  the  Pasonian  ox,  the  description  of  which  he 
copies  from  Aristotle ;  for  in  another  passage  he 
states  that  the  Greeks  had  never  ascertained  the 
medicinal  properties  of  the  urus  and  the  bison, 
although  the  forests  of  India  abounded  with  wild 
oxen  (xxviii.  45.). 

According  to  Solinus,  c.  20.,  in  the  Hercynian 
forest,  and  in  all  the  north  of  Europe,  the  bison 
abounded ;  a  wild  ox  with  a  shaggy  mane,  swifter 
than  a  bull,  and  incapable  of  domestication.  He 
likewise  states  that  the  horns  of  the  urus  were  of 
such  a  magnitude,  as  to  be  used  for  drinking 
vessels  at  the  tables  of  kings. 

The  bison  was  one  of  the. animals  brought  to 
Rome  for  the  combats  or  hunts  in  the  circus.  Thus 
Martial  describing  the  prowess  of  a  certain  Car- 
pophorus,  in  fighting  with  wild  animals  in  the 
Roman  amphitheatre,  says :  "  Illi  cessit  atrox  bu- 
balus  atque  bison."  (Spect.  23.)  Again,  in 
speaking  of  the  games  of  the  circus,  he  says  :  — 

"  Turpes  esseda  quod  trahunt  bisontes." — i.  105. 
Lastly,  in   his   enumeration   of   a   number    of 
things  which  are  not  so  worn  as  the  old  clothes  of 
Hedylus,  he  includes  — 

"  Rasum  cavea  latus  bisontis." — ix.  58. 

j  — an  allusion  to  the  cage  in  which  the  animal  was 

!  kept    at  Rome.     Compare  Horat.  Art.  Poet.,  ad 

':  Jin. :  "  Velut  ursus  objectos  caverc  valuit  si  fran- 

i  gere  clathros."     Dio  Cassius  (Ixxvi.  1.)  describes 

i  a  great  celebration  of  games  in  the  time  of  Se- 

verus  (202  A.D.),  at  which  700  animals  were  let 

loose   and     slain   in   the    amphitheatre,    namely, 

bears,  lions  and  lionesses,  leopards,  ostriches,  wild 

asses,  and  bisons.     "  The  latter,"  says  Dio,  "  is  a 

species  of  oxen,  savage  both  in  its  race  and  its 

appearance"  (^upSapmbv  T<>  yevos  ical  T>/Z/  fyiv). 

The  bubalus  is  coupled  by  Martial  with  the 
bison  ;  he  mentions  them  both  as  animals  killed 
in  the  games  of  the  circus.  Pliny  (viii.  15.)  states 
that  the  bubalus  was  in  his  time  commonly  con- 
founded with  the  urus  ;  whereas  the  former  was 
properly  an  African  animal,  resembling  both  the 
ox  and  the  deer.  Herodotus  (iv.  192.)  and  Poly- 
|  bius  (xii.  3.)  mention  the  bubalus  as  an  African 


2^  S.  IX.  JAN. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


animal,  and  the  latter  speaks  of  its  beauty.  Strabo 
(xvii.  3.  s.  4.)  makes  it  a  native  of  Mauritania,  and 
couples  it  with  the  dorcas.  According  to  Oppian, 

ftlie  bubalus  is  a  stag,  less  than  the  euryceros,  but 
greater  than  the  dorcus.  Cyneg.  ii.  300-314.  (The 
platyceros  of  Pliny,  xi.  45.,  is  a  stag.)  Ammianus 
Marcellinus  (xxii.  15.  s.  14.)  says  that  capreoli  and 
bubali  are  found  in  the  arid  plains  of  Egypt. 
Philostratus  (Vit.  Apollon.  vi.  24.)  describes  06ay- 
poi  and  fiovrpayoi  in  ^Ethiopia.  "The  latter  (he 
remarks)  partake  of  the  natures  of  the  ox  and  the 
stag."  It  is  recorded  by  Dio  that  C.  Fufetius  Fango, 
a  commander  sent  by  Caesar  to  Africa,  having  re- 
tired into  the  mountains  after  a  defeat,  was 
alarmed  at  night  by  a  herd  of  bubali  which  ran 
across  his  encampment,  and  which  he  mistook  for 
the  enemy's  horse,  and  that  he  killed  himself  in 
consequence  (xlviii.  23. ;  compare  Appian,  B.  C. 
v.  26.)- 

Gesner  and  Buffbn  conceive  the  bonasus  of  Aris- 
totle to  be  the  European  bison  or  aurochs.  Cu- 
vier  (notes  to  the  French  translation  of  Pliny, 
torn.  vi.  416.),  identifies  the  bonasus  of  Aristotle 
with  the  aurochs,  and  accounts  for  the  curvature 
of  the  horns  in  the  bonasus  by  supposing  that  it 
was  an  accidental  peculiarity  of  the  individual 
described  by  Aristotle.  The  author  of  the  art. 
Bison  in  the  Penny  Cyclopaedia  likewise  identifies 
the  bonasus  of  Aristotle  with  the  aurochs.  But 
Camus  (Notes  sur  FHist.  d'An.  tfArist,  p.  138.) 
thinks  that  the  European  bison  and  the  ancient 
bonasus  were  distinct  species  of  wild  oxen,  which 
is  likewise  the  conclusion  of  Beckmann  in  his  ex- 
cellent note,  Aristot.  Mir.  p.  11. 

An  account  of  the  fossil  oxen,  and  of  their  re- 
mains, is  given  by  Pictet  in  his  Traite  de  Paleon- 
tologie  (ed.  2.),  torn.  i.  p.  363-6.  Pictet  (p.  364.) 
considers  the  urus  as  an  extinct  species.  The 
fossil  oxen  of  the  British  isles  are  described  in 
Professor  Owen's  Hist,  of  Brit.  Foss.  Mamm.,  p. 
491-515. 

A  peculiar  race  of  wild  oxen,  having  an  affinity 
to  the  extinct  species,  is  still  extant  in  the  forest 
of  Bialavieja,  which  is  situated  in  the  government 
of  Grodno  in  Lithuania,  at  no  great  distance 
from  the  confines  of  Prussia  and  Russia,  and  which 
covers  an  area  of  twenty-nine  square  German 
miles  of  fifteen  to  a  degree.  These  oxen,  known 
in  Germany  by  the  appellation  of  aurochs,  bear 
the  native  Polish  name  of  Zubr.  Their  number 
in  1828  was  estimated  to  be  between  700  and  900. 
The  aurochs  or  European  bison  is  described  as 
being  of  great  weight  and  of  enormous  strength, 
but  as  a  slow  mover  :  it  is  stated  that  he  can 
master  three  wolves.  He  has  large  horns,  and  a 
long  shaggy  mane.  The  existing  species  has  al- 
ways been  confined  to  Lithuania,  and  probably 
to  the  forest  of  Bialavieja ;  where  it  has  been 
preserved,  in  consequence  of  this  district  having 
been  kept  untouched,  as  a  hunting  ground  for  the 


kings  of  Poland.  A  full  and  authentic  account  of 
the  aurochs,  and  of  the  forest  which  it  inhabits,  is 
given  in  the  elaborate  work  of  Sir  Roderick  Murchi- 
son,  M.  de  Yerneuil,  and  Count  Alexander  von 
Keyserling,  On  the  Geology  of  Russia  in  Europe 
(1845,  4to.),  vol.  i.  pp.  503.  638.  Two  young 
animals  of  this  species,  a  male  and  a  female,  were, 
in  consequence  of  the  application  of  Sir  Roderick 
Murchison,  presented  by  the  Emperor  Nicholas 
to  the  Zoological  Society  of  London :  but  unfor- 
tunately they  died  in  a  short  time.  Professor 
Owen  has  informed  me  that  he  dissected  the 
young  male,  but  found  its  anatomy  so  closely 
agreeing  with  the  description  by  Bojanus  in  the 
Nova  Ada  Acad.  Natur.  Curios.^  4to.  torn,  xiii., 
as  not  to  require  recording  in  the  Proceedings  of 
the  Zoological  Society.  Many  preparations  of  the 
bones  and  viscera  were  made  for  the  Museum  of 
the  College  of  Surgeons,  one  of  which  shows  the 
difference  in  the  number  of  ribs  between  the 
European  and  American  bisons,  the  former  (or 
aurochs)  having  fourteen  and  the  latter  fifteen 
pairs.  For  a  copious  history  of  the  wild  oxen  of 
Europe,  see  Griffith's  Cuoier,  vol.  iv.  pp.  411-8., 
4to. 

The  Pseonian  bonasus,  or  bison,  appears  to  have 
been  a  species  of  wild  ox,  cognate,  but  not  iden- 
tical, with  the  aurochs.  The  ancient  bonasus, 
like  the  modern  aurochs,  was  confined  to  a  single 
and  limited  tract  of  Europe  ;  but  since,  unlike  its 
modern  congener,  it  was  not  preserved  in  a  royal 
forest,  it  became  extinct.  The  aurochs  would 
long  ago  have  met  the  same  fate,  if  its  race  had 
not  been  perpetuated  by  the  accidental  protec- 
tion which  it  has  received  from  the  kings  of 
Poland  and  the  emperors  of  Russia.  The  un- 
wieldy size  of  the  aurochs,  and  its  slowness  of 
movement,  would,  notwithstanding  its  enormous 
strength,  have  soon  made  it  the  prey  of  men,  if  it 
had  not  been  intentionally  preserved  from  destruc- 
tion ;  and  its  savage  nature  would  have  prevented 
it  from  being  perpetuated  in  a  state  of  domestica- 
tion. It  may  be  remarked  that  the  horns  of  the 
bonasus,  as  described  by  Aristotle,  resemble  in 
shape  the  horns  of  the  Indian  buffalo. 

The  ancient  bubalus  appears  originally  to  have 
been  a  species  of  antelope,  found  in  Northern 
Africa  (Antilope  bubalus  of  Pallas).  It  is  called 
Beto'el-wash,  or  wild  ox,  by  the  Arabs  :  in  size 
it  is  equal  to  the  largest  stags  (Penny  CycL,  art. 
ANTELOPE,  No.  61.,  vol.  ii.  p.  90.).  A  full  ac- 
count of  the  lubale  is  given  by  Buffon,  Quad., 
(torn.  v.  p.  309. ;  torn.  x.  p.  180.)  :  he  identifies 
it  with  the  same  species  of  North  African  ante- 
lope or  gazelle,  to  which  he  gives  the  appellation 
of  vache  de  Barbarie.  The  same  view  is  taken  by 
Camus,  Notes  sur  VHist.  d'An.  d'Aristote,  p.  146. 
Bochart  (Hierozoicon,  ii.  28.;  iii.  22.)  likewise 
considers  the  bubalus  as  a  species  of  stag.  The 
herd  of  animals  which  ran  across  the  encamp- 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2n*  S.  IX.  JAX.  7.  'CO. 


ment  of  Fango  at  night,  and  which  he  mistook  for  ' 
the  enemy's  horse,  were  doubtless  a  herd  of  this 
species  of  antek>pes,  and  not  of  buffaloes,   as  the  ! 
word  £ov/8aAi5es  in  Dio  is  erroneously  rendered  I 
in  Smith's  Biogr.  Diet.,  art.  FANGO. 

The  transfer  of  the  name  bubalus  from  an  an- 
telope to  a  wild  ox,  which  had  become  common  in 
the  time  of  Pliny,  and  was  the  established  use  in 
later  times,  doubtless  originated  in  the  supposed 
derivation  from  0ui)s  or  bos.  This  etymon  is  given 
by  Isidore  Origin,  (xii.  1.),  though  he  designates 
the  bubalus  as  an  animal  found  in  Africa,  which 
cannot  be  tamed.  When  Martial  speaks  of  the 
bubalus  and  bison  being  killed  in  the  Roman  cir- 
cus, he  refers  to  wild  oxen;  it  is  certain  that 
wild  animals  of  this  genus  were  transported  alive 
to  Italy,  and  slain  in  the  combats  of  the  amphi- 
theatre. Pausanias  states  that  the  Pieonian  bulls 
had  been  exhibited  in  his  time  at  Rome  ;' bisons 
are  expressly  mentioned  by  Dio  as  included  in 
the  great  spectacle  of  Severus  ;  and  Martial  even 
speaks  of  bisons  being  harnessed  to  Celtic  cars  on 
a  similar  occasion. 

Agathias  states  that  when  Theodebert,  king  of 
the   Franks,  was   hunting   in   his  dominions    (in  ! 
some  German  or  Belgian  forest)  in  552  A.D.  he  j 
met  with  his  death  in  the  following  manner  :  — 

"  While  he  was  on  his  way  to  the  chase,  he  was  en-  i 
countered  by  a  bull,  of  great  size  and  extended  horns ;  j 
not  of  the  tame  kind,  which  has  been  broken  to  the  ! 
plough,  but  an  inhabitant  of  the  woods  and  mountains,  j 
accustomed  to  attack  everything  which  it  meets.    These  j 
wild  oxen  are,  I  believe,  called  bubali ;  and  they  abound  j 
in  this  region :  for  the  valleys  are  covered  with  trees,  j 
the  mountains  are  in  a  state  of  wildness,  and  the  climate  | 
is  cold;  circumstances  in   which  this  animal  delights,  j 
Theodebert,  seeing  one  of  these  bulls  rushing  upon  him 
from  a  thicket,  stood  to  receive  the  onset  with  his  lance ; 
but  the  bull  missed  his  aim,  and  was  carried  against  a  j 
tree,  the  force  of  the  blow  overthrew  the  tree,  and  Theo- 
debert was  killed  by  the  fall  of  one  of  the  branches."  : 
(i.  4. ;  compare  Gibbon,  c.  41.  vol.  v.  p.  206.) 

Gregory  of  Tours  likewise   records  an  event  ! 
which  grew  out  of  the  anger  of  King  Gun  tram  at  , 
a  bubalus  having  been  killed  without  his  permis-  j 
sion  in  a  royal  forest  in  the  Vosges  in  590  A.D.  i 
(x.  10. ;  Dom  Bouquet,  vol.  ii.  p.  369.).     In  the  i 
sixth  century,    therefore,  wild   oxen   were   pre-  | 
served  in  forests  for  the  hunting  of  the  Frankish 
kings.    An  adventure  of  Charlemagne  near  Aix- 
la-Chapelle  is  described  by  the  Monachns  San- 
gallensis  (ii.  c.  11.  In  Pertz,  Mon.   Germ.  Ant. 
vol.  ii.  p.  751.),  who  says  that  he  was  in  the  habit 
of  going  into  the  forest  to  hunt  the  bison  or  the 
urus;  and  that  on  one  occasion  his  boot  was  torn 
in  an  encounter  with  a  wild  bull. 

The  law  of  the  Alamanni  inflicts  a  penalty  on 
any  person  who  kills  a  bison  or  a  bubalus.  "  Si 
quis  bisontem,  bubalum,  vel  cervum  prugit  (?), 
f uraverit  aut  occiderit,  xii.  sol.  componat."  (  Lex 
Alamann.  tit.  99.  §  1.)  A  similar  provision  occurs 
in  the  Law  of  the  Bavarians  :  "  De  his  canibus 


qui  ursos  vel  bubalos,  id  est,  majores  feras,  quod 
svartzwild  dicimus,  persequuntur,  si  de  his  occi- 
derit, cum  simili  et  vii.  solid,  componat."  (Lex 
Bajuvar.  tit.  19.  s.  7.) 

The  Nibdungen  Lied,  a  poem  of  the  13th  cen- 
tury, likewise  commemorates  the  hunting  of  the 
bison.  Thus  it  is  said  of  Guntlier  and  Hagen  : — 

"  Mit  ihren  scliarfen  Spicren  sie  wollten  jagen  Schwein, 
Baren  und  Wisencle  :  was  mochte  Kithneres  gesein  ?  " 
V.  3671.  ed.  v.  der  Hagen. 
Again,  in  another  place  :  — 

"  Darnach  schlug  er  schiere  ein  'n  Wisent  und  ein  'n 

Elk, 
Starke  Ure  viere  und  einen  grimmen  Schelk." 

V.  3753—4. 

In  which  passage  Sclielk  appears  to  denote  a  red 
deer. 

A  "  wisentshorn"  is  mentioned  v.  8018.  Von 
der  Hagen,  in  the  Glossary,  derives  loisent  from 
bisen,  bissen,  to  rage  ;  but  the  word  is  manifestly 
a  corruption  of  bison. 

PaulusDiaconus,~indeed,  states  that  bubali  were 
first  introduced  into  Italy  in  596  A.D.,  and  caused 
great  astonishment  to  the  inhabitants.  "  Tune 
primuni  caballi  silvatici  et  bubali  in  Italiam  delati, 
Italia}  populis  miracula  fuerunt."  (iv.  1.  in 
Murat.  Script.  Eer.  It.  vol.  i.  p.  457.)  The  bu~ 
balus  here  signified  appears,  however,  to  be  the 
buffalo,  which  still  exists,  in  a  state  of  domestica- 
tion, in  different  parts  of  Italy,  but  particularly 
in  the  Roman  Campagna  and  the  Pontine  Marshes, 
where  these  animals  have  long  been  preserved  by 
the  government  of  the  Popes.  See  Buffon,  Quad. 
torn.  v.  p.  52.  and  the  valuable  communication 
of  Monsignor  Caetani  (whose  family  had  long 
reared  the  buffalo  in  the  Pontine  district),  in- 
serted by  Buffon  in  torn.  x.  p.  67.  Buffon  re- 
marks that  the  buffalo  was  unknown  in  ancient 
Italy,  and  that  the  animal  introduced  in  the  sixth 
century  was  of  the  Indian  or  African  breed. 

The  word  bubalus,  as  appears  from  passages 
cited  by  Ducange  in  v.,  also  occurs  in  medieval 
writers  under  the  forms  bufalus  and  biiflus ;  and 
hence  have  been  derived  the  Italian  bufalo  or 
bufolo,  and  the  French  buffle.  This  origin  of  the 
modern  Romance  forms  is  pointed  out  by  Monsig- 
nor Caetani  in  Buffon,  who,  in  illustration  of  the 
conversion  of  b into/,  compares  the  Italian  bifolco 
from  the  Latin  bubulcus. 

Instead  of  the  Italian  word  buffalo,  which  is 
now  employed  by  naturalists,  our  ancestors  used 
the  word  buff,  from  the  French  buffle,  to  designate 
the  animal.  They  likewise  used  buff-skin  and 
buff-leather,  for  the  skin  and  leather  of  the  buffalo. 
See  the  Etymologica  of  Junius  and  Skinner,  Cot- 
grave's  French  Dictionary,  Todd  and  Richardson 
in  v.  Johnson,  in  his  Dictionary,  has  the  follow- 
ing explanation :  — 

"  Buff.  n.  s.  a  sort  of  leather  prepared  from  the  skin  of 
the  buffalo;  used  for  waistbelts,  pouches,  and  military 
accoutrements.  2.  The  skins  of  elks  and  oxen  dressed  in 


2-d  S.  IX.  JAN.  7.  '60. ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


oil,  and  prepared  after  the  same  manner  as  that  of  the 
buffalo.  3.  A  military  coat  made  of  thick  leather,  so  that 
a  blow  cannot  easily  pierce  it." 

The  word  buffle  bears  the  same  meaning  in  French  : 
"  Buffle  se  dit  aussi  d'uii  cuir  de  buffle  ou  autres 
anirnaux,  prepare  et  accommode  pour  porter  a  la 
<*uerre  comme  une  espece  de  juste-au-corps." 
(Diet,  de  VAcad.)  The  word  "  buffe,  buffle,  buffet, 
coup  de  poing,  soufflet,"  is,  according  to  Barba- 
zan,  cited  by  Roquefort  in  v.,  derived  from  buffle, 
because  thick  gloves  (still  called  buffle)  were  made 
of  the  hide  of  the  buffalo. 

Consignor  Caetani,  in  Buffon,  torn.  x.  p.  81., 
states  that  the  skin  of  the  Italian  buffalo  is  used 
for  the  traces  of  ploughs,  and  for  the  coverings  of 
boxes  and  trunks;  and  that  it  is  not  employed, 
like  that  of  the  ox,  for  making  the  soles  of  shoes, 
because  it  is  too  heavy,  and  admits  the  water. 

The  expression  "  to  stand  buff,"  for  "  to  stand 
firm,"  which  occurs  in  Hudibras's  epitaph  :  — 
"  And  for  the  good  old  cause  stood  buff, 

'Gainst  many  a  bitter  kick  and  cuff; 
alludes  to  the  thick  leather  jerkin  which  served  as 
a  defence.  As  the  leather  used  for  this  jerkin  was 
of  a  tawny  hue,  the  word  luff  came  to  denote  a 
colour  ("  buff-coloured  ") ;  hence  it  acquired  as 
an  adjective  the  sense  which  it  now  commonly 
bears  in  English,  and  which  is  peculiar  to  our 
language.  This  acceptation  of  the  word  is  how- 
ever of  no  great  antiquity ;  the  earliest  writer 
from  whom  it  is  cited  is  Goldsmith ;  and  it  is  not 
even  mentioned  in  Johnson's  Dictionary.  We  may, 
therefore,  conclude  that  the  phrase  "blue  and 
buff,"  for  the  colours  of  the  Whig  party,  does  not 
ascend  beyond  the  middle  of  the  last  century. 

G.  C.  LEWIS. 


THE  BEFFAXA, 
An  Italian  Twelfth  Night  Custom. 

The  Beffana  is  said  to  have  been  an  old  woman, 
who  was  busily  employed  in  cleaning  the  house 
when  the  three  kings  were  journeying  to  carry 
the  treasures  to  be  offered  to  the  infant  Saviour. 
On  being  called  to  see  them  pass  by,  she  said  she 
could  not  just  then,  as  she  was  so  busy  sweeping 
the  house,  but  she  would  be  sure  to  see  them  as 
they  went  back.  The  .kings  however,  as  is  well 
known,  returned  to  their  own  country  by  another 
way ;  so  the  old  woman  is  supposed  to  be  ever 
since  in  a  perpetual  state  of  looking  out  for  their 
coming,  something  after  the  manner  of  the  legend 
of  the  wandering  Jew.  She  is  said  to  take  great 
interest  in  the  welfare  of  young  children,  and 
particularly  of  their  good  behaviour.  Through 
most  parts  of  Italy  on  the  twelfth  night  the 
children  are  put  to  bed  earlier  than  usual,  and  a 
stocking  taken  from  each  and  put  before  the  fire. 
In  a  short  time  there  is  a  cry,  "  Ecco  la  Beffana ! " 
and  the  children  hurry  out  of  bed,  and  rusli  to 


the  chimney ;  when  lo  !  in  the  stocking  of  each  is 
a  present,  supposed  to  have  been  left  by  the  Bef- 
fana, and  proportioned  in  its  value  to  the  be- 
haviour of  the  child  during  the  past  year.  If  any 
one  has  been  unusually  rebellions  and  incorrigible, 
behold !  the  stocking  is  full  of  ashes.  This  de- 
grading and  disappointing  circumstance  is  gene- 
rally greeted  by  a  torrent  of  tears,  and  the  little 
rebel  is  then  told,  if  he  or  she  will  promise  most 
faithfully  to  be  better  behaved  for  the  future,  the 
stocking  shall  be  replaced,  and  perhaps  the  Bef- 
fana may  rely  on  the  promises  of  amendment,  and 
leave  some  little  present  as  she  comes  back.  Ac- 
cordingly the  child  is  pat  to  bed  ngain,  and  in  a 
short  time  the  cry  is  again  raised,  "  Here's  the 
Beffana,"  and  the  child  jumps  up,  runs  to  the 
stocking,  and  finds  some  little  toy  there,  which  of 
course  the  parents  have  placed  there  in  the  in- 
terim. Any  misbehaviour  during  the  following 
year  is  met  with,  "  Oh  !  you  naughty  child,  what 
did  you  promise  on  Epiphany  ?  No  more  presents 
will  you  get  from  the  Beffana." 

On  the  preceding  night  a  sort  of  fair  is  held, 
consisting  of  the  toys  so  to  be  presented,  which  is 
crowded  to  excess.  On  one  occasion  when  I 
witnessed  it  at  Rome,  the  soldiers  were  sent  for 
to  clear  the  way,  as  the  people  got  so  closely 
packed  there  was  no  means  of  getting  about. 
The  interest  excited  could  scarcely  be  believed  in 
England. 

The  name  Beffana  is  probably  a  corruption  of 
Epifania.  ;A.  ASHPITEL. 

Poets'  Corner. 


THE  ALDINE  ARATUS. 

In  the  Catalogue  of  the  portion  of  the  Libri 
library  sold  by  Messrs.  Leigh  Sotherby  and  Wil- 
kinson in  August,  the  Lot  138.  stands  thus :  — 

"  138.  ARATI  Solensis  Pbtenomena,  cum  Commentariis, 
Grace.  Accedit  Procli  Diadochi  Sphaera  Thoma  Linacro 
Britanno  Interprete  ad  Arcturum  Cornubice  Valliaque  II- 
lustrissimum  Principem. 

"  FIRST    EDITION,   LARGE  PAPER,  VERY  RARE,  unknown 

to  Renouard,  folio  (Venetiis  apud  Aldum,  1499). 

"  This  is  a  portion  of  the  Aldine  Edition  of  the  Astro- 
nond  Veteres  taken  off  separately,  probably  for  the  use  of 
Aldus  himself,  as  there  are  several  marginal  notes  in 
his  AUTOGRAPH.  No  copy  of  the  complete  work  on  large 
paper  is  known.  Prefixed  to  the  translation  of  Proclus 
are  the  Dedication  to  Alberto  Pio  Prince  of  Carpi,  the 
letter  of  the  celebrated  William  Grpcyn  to  Aldus,  dated 
London,  VI  Cal.  Sept.  and  the  Dedication  of  Linacre  to 
the  Prince  of  Wales." 

1  have  long  been  somewhat  incredulous  about 
"  Very  rare "  books,  and  my  scepticism  has  not 
been  diminished  by  finding  that  (so  far  as  I  can 
judge  from  a  cursory  comparison)  a  volume  which 
has  been  on  my  shelf  some  forty  years  just  an- 
swered this  description.  Not  being  acquainted 
with  the  handwriting  of  Aldus,  I  cannot  tell  whe- 
ther the  Greek  MS.  notes  in  the  margin  of  my 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»<*  S.  IX.  JAN.  7.  'GO. 


copy  are  his  autographs ;  but  I  see  nothing  in 
their  character  or  ink  which  should  lead  one  to 
doubt  that  they  may  be.  It  occurred  to  me  that 
if  there  were  two  copies  thus  annotated  or  cor- 
rected, there  would  probably  be  more  ;  and  I 
should  be  obliged  to  any  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
who  have  access  to  the  catalogues  of  large  collec- 
tions, if  they  would  give  me  information;  and  also 
if  they  would  tell  me  what  Lot  138.  of  the  first 
day's  sale  at  the  Libri  sale  sold  for. 

Having  this  occasion  to  mention  my  copy,  may 
I  be  allowed  to  state,  very  briefly,  one  or  _  two 
particulars  respecting  it  which  are  not  entirely 
without  interest,  and  may  perhaps  elicit  some 
farther  Notes  and  Queries  ? 

(1 .)  About  the  middle  of  the  book,  at  the  be- 
ginning of  the  sheet  N  of  the  Greek  text,  on  a 
page  most  of  which  is  blank,  there  is  written 

"  Domino  Edouardo  Wotono  hunc  libru  dono 
dedit  Joannes  Foxus.  1529. 

A  more  recent  hand  (probably  a  good  way  on  in 
the  succeeding  century)  has  written  on  the  side  of 
this  inscription  — 

"  he  made  the  booke  of  martyres ;" 
and  underneath  the  name  of  Fox  has  added  "Mag- 
dalenensis." 

(2.)  On  what  was  a  blank  page  at  the  end  of 
the  book,  there  is  what  I  suppose  to  be  an  ela- 
borate horoscope,  of  which  1  do  not  understand 
much  more  than  what  follows  :  — 
"  Elnerse  nobilissitnas 

filiae  Comitis  Wygor 

nise  prasclarissimi 

genitura.    An.  D.  1527 

die  Aprilis  28.  hora  fere 

vndecima  ante  meri- 

die." 

(3.)  The  book  having  beeri  rebound,  and  the 
fly-leaf  having  parted  from  the  board,  some  more 
modern  hand  (but  still  of  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury) has  written  on  it  a  copy  of  political  verses, 
eighteen  in  number,  which  may  perhaps  be  known 
to  those  who  are  better  acquainted  with  the  poetry 
of  the  period.  They  begin  :  — 

"  Come  imp  roiall  come  away 
Into  black  night  we'l  turne  bright  day." 

I  must  not,  however,  trespass  too  much  on  your 
columns,  and  will  at  present  only  add,  that  the 
title-page  of  the  volume  is  marked  with  the  H.M. 
familiar  to  book  collectors.  If  this  should  meet 
the  eye  of  any  such  who  has  a  priced  catalogue  of 
Mr.  Meen's  books,  I  should  be  glad  to  know  what 
the  Aratus  sold  for.  S.  R.  MAITLAND. 

Gloucester. 


BANKRUPTS  DURING  THE  REIGN  OF 
ELIZABETH. 

At  a  time  when  the  law  of  bankruptcy  is  about 
to  be  revised,  it  may  not  be  uninteresting  to  the 


readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  to  look  back  at  a  list  of 
>ersons  whose  failures  in  trade  seem  to  have  given 
ilann  to  the  country ;  and  it  may  be  presumed 
rorn  its  date,  the  17 tli  of  Elizabeth,  to  have  been 
;he  moving  cause  of  the  revise  taking  place  of  the 
Bankruptcy  law  as  it  had  existed  from  its  first 
nstitution  in  the  34th  of  Henry  VIII.  :  — 

List  of  Bankrupts,  an  preserved  in  the  Lansdowne  MS., 
vol.  xiii.  art.  13.  of  the  Thirteenth  Year  of  Queen  Eliz- 
abeth ;  specifying  the  several  Places  throughout  the  King- 
dom ivhere  the  Bankrupt  failed,  and  in  most  instance* 
the  amount  for  iL'hich  he  became  registered  as  a  Bankrupt. 

London.     George  Harmer,  grocer,  bankrupt  for  10007. 

London.     William  Cowper,  vyntner,  for  200  marks. 

Newe  Sarum.     John  Cannon,  chapman,  for  3007. 

London.     John  Blackman,  grocer,  for  COO/. 

London.     Wilfride  Lawtie,  scryviner,  for  30  07. 

Somerset.     Henry  Grenefall,  of  Ilmynster,  for  3007. 

London.     Richard  Lethiers,  dyer,  for  1000  marks. 

Norff.    John  Keyrk,  tanner,  for  3007. 

Devon.     Roger  Androwe,  for  1207. 

London.     Gefferey  Goffe,  draper,  for  6007. 

London.     Peter  Vegleman,  for  20007. 

London.     William  Longe,  for  20007. 

Yorke.     John  Johnson,  merchant,  for  3007. 

Norff.     Richard  Skarle,  chapman,  for  6007. 

Sowthwarlie.     Danne  Weston,  for  4007. 

Brystowe.     George  Higgyas,  merchant,  for  10007. 

Carmarthen.     "William  Lloyd,  chapman,  for  1007. 

Shrewsbury.     Roger  Benyngton,  draper,  for  4007. 

Civistat.  Sar.     George  Snelgar,  tanner,  for    .    .    . 

London.    Robert  Turner,  for  3007. 

London.    James  Stocke,  goldsmyth,  for 3007. 

London.    RafFe  Burton,  clothier,  for  1057. 

London.     Thomas  Parker  and  William  Parker,  for  3007. 

London.     Richard  Sharpe,  mercer,  for  10007. 

Cornewall.     Nicholas  Morcombe,  merchant,  for  lOOe7. 

London.     Anthony  Tucke,  for  20007. 

Hallyfax.     Wylliam  Cater,  clothier,  for  10007. 

Bark.     Bryan  Chamberlan,  for  60007. 

Devon.    Pawle  Yartle  for  1007. 

Yorkeshire.     William  Carter,  clothier,  for  6007. 

London.    Thomas  Staynton,  mercer,  for  30007. 

London.     William  Bodye,  merchant,  for  4007. 

London.     Charles  Hobson,  chaundeler,  for  5007. 

Coventry.    Walter  Pyper,  alias  Stone,  clothier,  for  3007. 

London.     Fawke  Salter,  for  8007. 

Surr.     William  Childe,  for  4007. 

Devon.     John  Tucker,  merchant,  for  4007. 

Safforne  Wallden.     William  Clarke,  tanner,  for  4007. 

London.    Ellys  Hamer,  mercer,  for  5007. 

Exeter.    Anthony  Halstaffe,  merchant,  for  4007." 

HENRY  ELLIS. 


THE  KING'S  SCUTCHEON. 
I  copy  the  following  from  a  deposition  in  the 
Domestic  Papers  of  the  State  Paper  Office,  under 
the  date  of  1620,  June  17.  The  whole  paper 
contains  an  account  of  a  squabble  at  an  inn  in 
Norwich,  in  which  William  Paslew,  one  of  the 
messengers  in  ordinary  of  the  King's  chamber, 
was  seriously  hurt.  Paslew  was  staying  at  the 
inn  upon  Council  business,  when,  at  about  eleven 
o'clock  at  night,  the  inmates  were  aroused  by  "  a 
great  extraordinary  knocking"  at  the  gate.  Pas- 
lew  had  just  before  accompanied  some  persons 


S.  IX.  JAN.  7.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


who  had  called  upon  him  to  the  inn  yard,  and 
having  wished  them  goodnight,  had  stepped  into 
the  kitchen  to  have  a  gossip  with  the  landlady. 
Attracted  by  the  uproar  at  the  gate,  he  again  went 
out  into  the  yard;  and  just  at  that  moment,  the 
chamberlain  of  the  inn  opened  the  gate  and  ad- 
mitted a  magnate  of  that  country,  Mr.  Augustine 
Sotherton,  accompanied  by  one  Mr.  Mileham. 
The  extract  to  which  I  now  wish  to  draw  atten- 
tion will  tell  the  remainder  of  the  story  :  — 

"  When  the  said  Mr.  Sotherton  and  Mr.  Mileham  were 
come  into  the  yard,  and  the  said  Paslew,  seeing  and 
knowing  them,  did  friendly  salute  them,  asking  them  if 
ihey  pleased  to  drink  a  cup  of  wine,  which  the  said  Pas- 
lew"  called  for,  and  courteously  put  off  his  hat,  and  stood 
still  bare,  and  drunk  to  him,  the  said  Mr.  Sotherton,  and 
told  him  that  he  knew  well  his  father,  saying  that  he  was 
an  honest  gentleman  and  a  merchant ;  whereupon  the 
said  Mr.  Sotherton  bodd  the  said  Paslew  leave  prating 
of  his  father;  unto  which  the  said  Paslew  answering, 
said,  '  I  say  nothing  but  well  of  your  father.'  '  No,'  said 
Mr.  Sothertou,  'you  are  a  prating  knave.'  'No,'  said 
Paslew,  '  I  am  no  knave,  I  am  the  King's  servant;'  and 
therewith  shewed  him  his  Majesty's  Scutcheon,  hanging  there 
upon  the  breast  of  the  said  Paslew.  Unto  which  the  said 
Mr.  Sotherton  said:  'Are  you  the  King's  man?  No! 
you  are  a  counterfeit,  and  a 'cheating  knave.'  Unto  which 
Paslew  replied,  and  said:  'A  better  man  than  you  would 
not  have  said  so.  If  your  father  had  been  alive,  he  would 
not  have  said  so.'  With  that  the  said  Mr.  Sotherton 
drew  out  his  Stillato,  and  struck  the  said  Paslew  there- 
with upon  the  head,  being  still  bare-headed,  and  broke 
his  head,  so  that  the  blood  ran  down  about  his  face  to 
the  quantity  of  a  pint  at  least,  and  so  continued  bleeding 
as  that  they  had  much  ado  to  stanch  it." 

Another  witness  describes  the  wound  given  to 
Paslew  as  "  a  cut,  of  the  length  of  an  inch  and  a 
half  at  the  least,  down  to  the  skull." 

The  circumstance  of  an  English  gentleman  of 
the  reign  of  James  I.  wearing,  and  using,  his  stiletto 
is  one  worthy  of  notice ;  but  I  specially  wish  to 
ask  your  correspondents  whether  they  can  refer 
me  to  any  example,  either  in  reality  or  in  en- 
graving, of  the  kind  of  badge  which  is  here 
termed  "the  King's  Scutcheon"  (scutcliin  in  the 
original),  and  is  described  as  if  hung  round  the 
neck  of  Paslew.  JOHN  BRUCE. 


ALEXANDER  OF  ABONOTEICHOS  AND 
JOSEPH  SMITH. 

"No  one  can  read  the  graphic  account  which 
Lucian  gives  of  his  contemporary  the  oracle-mon- 
ger Alexander,  —  a  little  pamphlet  in  which  the 
author's  keen  sense  and  inborn  hatred  of  charla- 
tans are  seen  to  the  best  advantage,  —  without 
being  struck  by  the  marked  resemblance  which 
the  history  bears  to  that  of  the  founder  of  Mor- 
monism. 

Thus  in  chapter  ten  we  are  told  that  Alexander 
commenced  his  career  by  discovering  brazen  plates 
in  the  temple  of  Apollo  at  Chalcedon,  which  pro- 
mised the  speedy  advent  of  .ZEsculapius  and  his 
father  Apollo.  Again,  by  appealing  to  ancient  le- 


gends and  by  winning  the  support  of  existing  oracles, 
Alexander  produced  much  the  same  effect  upon 
his  Paphlagonian  neighbours  as  Smith  and  his 
successors  have  done  among  our  Bible-reading 
populations,  by  promising  a  city  of  the  blessed  in 
the  West,  and  by  a  caricature  of  Old  Testament 
institutions.  In  chapter  forty-two  we  find  hus- 
bands ready  to  surrender  their  wives  to  be 
"  sealed  "  to  the  prophet,  and,  if  he  did  but  deign 
to  cast  his  eye  upon  them,  rejoicing  as  though  the 
happiness  of  the  house  were  thenceforth  secure. 
Alexander's  jealousy  of  "  the  Atheists "  (i.  e. 
Christians  and  Epicureans)  has  its  parallel  in  the 
Mormon  treatment  of  "  Gentiles,"  which,  however, 
it  must  be  confessed,  is  but  a  natural  result  of  the 
cruel  persecutions  which  broke  up  the  settlement 
at  Nauvoo.  The  claim  to  the  gifts  of  healing,  of 
tongues,  and  of  revelations,  is  also  common  to  the 
two  impostors,  and  in  the  followers  of  both  we  see 
the  same  implicit  obedience,  even  in  matters  which 
would  seem  least  of  all  to  admit  of  external  inter- 
ference, the  same  surrender  of  "fortune,  and  often 
of  an  unspotted  reputation,  to  a  delusion  openly 
denounced  by  intelligent  bystanders.  Would  that 
we  could  add  that  the  ends  of  the  two  were  the 
same ;  would  that  Smith,  like  Alexander,  had 
been  suffered  to  die  in  peace,  and  that  his  blood 
had  not  been  shed  to  become  the  seed  of  a  spuri- 
ous church ! 

To  complete  the  parallel  it  need  only  be  added 
that  the  chief  followers  of  Alexander  the  impos- 
tor and  of  Smith  disputed  the  succession  to  their 
masters'  inheritance  of  successful  lying  much  as 
the  captains  of  Alexander  of  Macedon  fought  for 
the  dominion  of  the  world.  J.  E.  B.  MAYOR. 

St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 


PEELE'S  "EDWARD  I." 

There  are  two  passages  in  this  play  which  show 
in  a  remarkable  manner  how  most  glaring  typo- 
graphical errors  may  escape  the  notice  or  baffle 
the  sagacity  of  even  the  most  acute  critics.  It 
is  well  known  that  this  play  has  been  edited  by 
Mr.  Dyce,  and  criticised  by  Mr.  Mitford,  and 
yet  the  passages  in  question  are  unnoticed  or  un- 
explained. 

In  p.  91.  (Dyce's  2nd  edit.)  the  Novice  says  to 
the  Friar,  who  had  desired  him  to  hie  to  the  IQWH 
and  return  "  with*cakes  and  muscadine  and  other 
junkets  good  and  fine  :" — 

"  Now,  master,  as  I  am  true  wag, 
I  will  be  neither  late  nor  lag, 
But  go  and  come  with  gossip's  cheer, 
Ere  Gib  our  cat  can  lick  her  ear. 
For  long  ago  I  learned  in  school 
That  lovers'  desire  and  pleasures  cool. 
Saint  Ceres'  sweets  and  Bacchus'  vine ; 
Now,  master,  for  the  cakes  and  wine." 

It  is  so  printed  and  pointed  by  Mr.  Dyce,  and 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  JAX.  7.  '60. 


neither  he  nor  Mr.  Mitford  makes  any  remark  on 
it ;  arid  yet  surely  the  four  last  lines  are  at  least 
very  like  nonsense.  Now  I  think  it  is  easy  to 
make  good  sense  of  thorn  by  supposing  them  to 
be  a  paraphrase  of  the  Terentian  Sine  Cerere  et 
Liberofriget  Venus  which  the  Novice  had  "learned 
in  school."  I  would  amend  them  thus  :  — 

"  For  long  ago  I  learned  in  school 
That  Love's  desire  and  pleasures  cool 
Sans  Ceres'  wheat  and  Bacchus'  vine. 
Now,  master,  for  the  cakes  and  wine." 

At  p.  104.  we  read :  — 

-'  But  specially  we  thank  you,  gentle  lords, 
That  you  so  well  have  governed  your  griefs 
As,  being  grown  unto  a  general  jar, 
You  chuse  King  Edward,  by  your  messengers, 
To  calm,  to  qualify,  and  to  compound: 
Thank  Britain's  strife  of  Scotland's  climbing  peers." 

On  this  last  line  Mr.  Dyce  says,  "  There  is  some 
mistake  here."  Mr.  Mitford  is  silent.  Would  it 
not  be  sound  criticism  to  read  the  last  two  lines 
as  follows?  — 

"  To  calm,  to  qualify,  and  to  compound 

TK  ambitious  strife  of  Scotland's  climbing  peers." 

By  the  way,  Guenthian,  the  name  of  the  Friar's 
mistress,  is  the  Welsh  female  name  Gwenllian,  and 
it  is  properly  accented.  THOS.  KEIGHTLET. 


SIR  ISAAC  NEWTON  ON  THE  LONGITUDE.  —  In 
a.  MS.  Diary  of  Sir  John  Philipps,  the  fourth  ba- 
ronet of  Pieton  Castle  (ob.  1736),  I  find  the  follow- 
ing interesting  entry :  — 

"  Jan.  9,  1724, 1  waited  upon  Sr  Is.  Newton  with  Mr 
"Semler's  book  concerning  ye  Longitude.  He  said  there 
was  no  other  way  of  finding  the  Longitude  at  sea,  than 
by  improving  ye  method  whereby  it  is  found  by  land,  i.  e. 
by  ye  eclipses  of  the  moon,  and  ye  inmost  satellites  of 


work  was  rather  keeping  yc  longitude  than  finding  it, 
and  that  he  believed  no  dock  cou'd  be  so  justly  made  and  re- 
gularly ordered  as  to  keep  ye  ship's  way  for  any  considerable 
voyage  without  ye  loss  of  many  leagues.  That  'twou'd  be  very 
difficult  to  measure  the  way  of  ye  sea  by  any  other  me- 
thod than  what  is  used  at  present,  because  ye  ship  will 
carry  the  surface  of  ye  water  along  with  it." 

What  would  Sir  Isaac  have  said  could  he  have 
beheld  the  marvellous  perfection  to  which  the 
construction  of  the  marine  chronometer  has  been 
brought  in  the  present  day  ? 

JOHN  PAVIN  PHILLIPS. 

Haverfordwest. 

RELICS  OF  ARCHBISHOP  LEIGHTON. — Extract  of 
a  letter  from  Mr.  Leigh  ton  Dennett,  Woodman- 
cote  Place,  October  16,  1859,  to  James  Reid,  Esq., 
Wellfield,  near  Glasgow  :  — 

"With  regard  to  Archbishop  Leighton  I  am  afraid  I 
-.shall  not  be  able  to  furnish  you  with  much  information," 


more  than  is  generally  known  to  everybody  who  has  read 
his  works.  I  believe  you  are  aware  that  my  father  holds  a 
little  farm  at  Horsted  Keynes  that  was  Archbishop  Leigh- 
ton's,  which  is  in  his  possession,  on  account  of  his  being 
the  nearest  living  heir.  He  has  also  his  coat  of  arms  en- 
graved on  a  silver  seal  attached  to  a  piece  of  the  watch 
chain  that  Archbishop  Leighton  wore,  which  is  steel,  the 
impression  of  which  I  enclose.  We  have  also  a  copper- 
plate of  his  likeness,  from  which  at  different  times  there 
has  been  a  great  many  struck  off,  and  the  plate  is  now 
much  worn.  It  is  about  the  size  of  a  quarto  volume,  and 
from  its  general  appearance  one  would  be  inclined  to 
think  it  must  have  been  the  frontispiece  of  some  work, 
although  it  is  not  the  same  as  we  generally  see  bound  up 
with  Leighton's  works,  but  certainly  the  features  in  both 
are  similar  —  the  inscription  on  the  plate  is  as  follows, 
Robertus  Leightonus  S.S.  Th  professor  Primarius  et  Aca- 
demic Edinburgenae  Praefectus,  ^Etatis  46." 

The  impression  of  the  seal  above  referred  to  is 
enclosed :  would  the  Editor  be  pleased  to  describe 
it  to  his  readers.  G.  N. 

[The  seal  bears  the  arms  of  Leighton,  a  lion  salient,and 
the  crest  a  lion's  head  erased.  It  is  not  an  archiepiscopal 
seal,  but  was  probably  the  seal  of  Leighton  when  a3'oung 
man,  as  the  helmet  is  that  of  an  esquire.  The  helmet 
and  lambrequin  show  it  to  be  a  seal  as  early  as  Charles  I. 
or  earlier;  the  colours  are  consequently  not  marked. 
According  to  Nisbet  the  arms  of  Leighton  are  argent,  a 
lion  salient  gales.— ED.  "  N.  &  Q."] 

LONGEVITY  OF  CLERICAL  INCUMBENTS.  —  A 
Note  in/'  N.  &  Q."  (2nd  S.  yiii.  53.)  on  this  sub- 
ject reminds  me  that  when  sixty  years  of  age  in 
1 848  I  had  occasion  for  a  certificate  of  my  bap- 
tism, and  on  proceeding  to  my  native  town,  In- 
gatestone,  co.  Essex,  after  a  lapse  of  half  a  cen- 
tury, I  found  the  same  rector  living,  the  Rev. 
John  Lewis,  who  was  so  at  the  period  of  my  birth 
and  baptism,  and  had  the  custody  of  the  old 
Registers,  there  being  no  register  of  births  in 
those  days.  The  old  gentleman  was  still  hearty 
at  the  age  of  eighty-six,  and  recollected  me  and 
my  parents,  and  himself  handed  me  the  required 
document.  He  survived  only  a  few  months  from 
that  time.  JNO.  BANISTER. 

Charter-house,  London. 

CARTHAGINIAN  BUILDING  MATERIALS. — Brixey's 
private  hotel  at  Landport,  near  the  railway  sta- 
tion, has  been  partly  built  with  the  materials  of 
a  house  in  Portsmouth  recently  pulled  down  to 
form  a  site  for  the  new  barracks.  One  of  the 
chimney-pieces  has  been  transferred  to  the  coffee- 
room.  It  is  a  fine  specimen  of  marble-work,  and 
evidently  had  been  constructed  by  a  connoisseur 
and  traveller  (Qy.  who  ?).  The  frieze  is  of  Egyp- 
tian green  marble  in  a  bordure  or  moulded  band 
of  white  alabaster.  Deeply  engraved  in  well- 
formed  Roman  capitals  is  — 

"BASILICA  PTOLOEM.E  ALEXANDRIA.    MAR.  21. 

1801." 

On  the  north  jamb  immediately  under  the  necking 
and  a  patera  is  cut  "CARTHAGE,"  and  on  the  south 
side  in  a  corresponding  situation  "  D.  B.  C.  146." 


2«d  S.  IX.  JA*.  7.  '60. ] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


9 


This  Carthaginian  marble  is  very  beautiful ;  it  has 
dark  red  veins  on  a  light  brown.      A.  J.  DUNKIX. 

SWIFT'S  COTTAGE  AT  MOOR  PARK.  —  A  short 
time  ago,  being  at  Waverley  Abbey,  I  was  invited 
to  see  a  cottage  which  was  said  to  have  been  inha- 
bited by  Swift.  It  is  a  very  small  low  building, 
at  the  end  of  Moor  Park  (which,  as  is  well  known, 
was  formerly  the  seat-  of  Sir  William  Temple), 
and  appears  to  have  been  the  house  of  some  of  the 
labourers.  Over  the  door  of  one  of  the  rooms  the 
following  lines  are  painted  :  — 

"Pleruraque  grata)  divitibus  vices; 
Mundieque  parvo  sub  lare  pauperum 
Ccenje,  sine  aulauis  et  ostro, 
Sollicitam  explicuere  frontem." 

These  lines,  which  you  will  remember  are  from 
Horace,  Carm.  iii.  29.,  seem  ill  to  accord  with  that 
spirit  which  never  was  at  ease  but  among  coronets 
and  mitres.  They  are  said  to  have  been  placed 
there  by  Swift's  order ;  but  if  so,  the  inscription 
must  have  been  renewed,  for,  from  the  appearance 
of  the  paint,  it  can  scarcely  be  twenty  years  old. 
Sir  William  Temple  died  1699,  and  Swift,  as  it 
appears  from  a  letter  to  Stella,  Sept.  1710,  was 
afterwards  on  bad  terms  with  the  family.  From 
its  appearance  it  seems  difficult  to  believe  that  he 
ever  inhabited  the  cottage ;  though  such  is  the 
tradition.  Can  any  reader  of  "  N".  &  Q."  give  any 
farther  information  on  the  subject  ?  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 


tilueritf. 

REV.  THOMAS  BATES,  ETC. 
Before  I  make  my  Query  let  me  second  the 
proposal  made  in  p.  456.  preceding,  that  decision 
should  not  be  announced  on  subjects  which  cannot 
be  discussed.  It  is  not  to  the  credit  of  our  age 
that  abstinence  on  this  point  is  necessary  for 
peace  :  but  it  cannot  be  denied  that  on  all  subjects 
on  which  men  think  warmly  it  is  openly  avowed, 
by  four  persons  out  of  five  at  least,  that  opinions 
contrary  to  their  own  are  offensive.  A  century 
and  a  half  ago  opinions  might  be  openly  stated, 
and  opinions  about  opinions  as  openly  :  we  have 
rescinded  the  second  permission,  and  are  there- 
fore obliged  to  rescind  the  first.  We  are  a  tender 
and  ticklish  race.  I  forget  what  illionth  of  an 
inch  Newton  found  for  the  thickness  —  or  rather 
thinness — of  a  soapbubble;  but  the  skin  of  an 
educated  man  will  beat  it  in  time,  if  we  go  on  as 
now. 

^  Unquestionably  no  banner  of  any  side  in  reli- 
gious or  political  controversy  has  ever  been  dis- 
played in  "N.  &Q,"  Whether  this  be  due 'to 
the  discretion  of  contributors  or  to  the  suppres- 
sion of  the  editor  is  among  the  secrets  of  the  edi- 
tor's desk  ;  and  had  better  remain  so.  But  there 
is  a  diminutive  of  the  banner  called  a  banderol  or  i 


bannerol^  of  which  I  believe  each  knight  had  one 
for  himself:  and  this  is  sometimes  half  unfurled  ; 
and  more  frequently  of  late  than  in  former  years. 
In  the  very  admonition  which  I  now  second  there 
is  a  division  of  the  members  of  one  church  into 
"  High  Churchmen  and  Puritans,"  which  is  very 
like  a  banderol :  though  perhaps  all  that  is  meant 
is,  as  in  Swift's  celebrated  case,  that  the  piebald 
horses  of  all  degrees  of  mixture  shall  by  common 
intendment  be  included  under  black  and  white 
horses. 

There  are  many  ingenious  ways  of  unfurling  the 
banderol.  A  person  may  contrive  to  let  us  know 
that  he  thinks  &c.  is  &c.  and  not  &c.  by  h^s  mode 
of  informing  us  that  "  the  pages  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  are 
not  the  place  to  discuss  whether  &c.  be  &c.  or  &c." 
Again,  there  are  clever  modes  of  eliminating  all 
but  the  opinion  which  is  to  be  insinuated. 
"  Grandmamma,"  said  the  little  boy,  "  I  wish  one 
of  us  three  was  hanged ;  I  don't  mean  pussy  ;  and 
I  don't  mean  myself."  This  little  boy,  now  grown 
up,  has  written  several  articles  in  "  N.  &  Q,.,"  and 
some  of  no  mean  merit :  and  he  writes  under  more 
than  one  signature. 

Your  journal  is  a  kind  of  public  pic-nic,  at 
which  each  person  is  expected  to  present  his  dish 
quite  plain,  without  any  condiment  except  salt. 
There  are  difficulties  about  any  other  arrangement. 
"  Ah  !  "  said  an  epicure  at  a  public  table,  "  Peas ! 
the  first  this  season  !  Capital !  "  —  shaking  pep- 
per over  them  all  the  time.  His  opposite  neigh- 
bour thereupon  scattered  the  contents  of  a  little 
box  over  the  dish,  quietly  observing,  "  Sir  ! 
you  like  pepper ;  I  like  snuff."  Nee  lex  justior 
ulla. 

I  was  led  to  these  reflexions  by  a  Query  which  I 
have  to  make,  in  which,  by  very  little  manage- 
ment, I  might  have  shaken  the  flag  of  heresy  in 
the  faces  of  the  orthodox  of  all  varieties.  In  the 
last  century  there  were  three  Unitarian  divines, 
each  of  whom  has  established  himself  firmly 
among  the  foremost  promoters  of  a  branch  of 
science.  Of  Dr.  Price  and  Dr.  Priestley,  in  their 
connexion  with  the  sciences  of  life  contingencies 
and  chemistry,  there  is  no  occasion  to  speak :  their 
results  are  well  known,  and  their  biographies  are 
sufficiently  accessible.  The  third  is  Thomas  Baye?, 
minister  at  Tunbridge  Wells,  where  he  died  in 
1761.  Whiston  belongs  to  an  older  period,  though 
he  must  have  been  long  the  contemporary  of 
Bayes :  and  so  does  Humphrey  Ditton.  It  might 
be  made  a  query  which  wrote  most,  Whiston  or 
Priestley.  I  see  Priestley's  writings  set  down  as 
making  seventy  octavo  volumes ;  and  the  Whis- 
ton list  was  too  long  for  the  Biographia  Britan- 
nical  Could  any  good  references  be  given  for 
complete  lists  of  the  writings  of  both  ? 

To  return  to  Bayes.  I  want  to  find  out  more 
about  him  :  and  therefore  state  all  I  know.  He 
first  turns  up,  in  1736,  as  one  of  the  writers  in  the 


10 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«"i  S.  IX.  JAN.  7.  '60. 


celebrated  Berkleian  controversy  about  the  prin- 
ciples of  fluxions  :  — 

"An  introduction  to  the  Doctrine  of  Fluxions,  and  de- 
fence of  the  mathematicians  against  the  objections  of  the 
author  of  the  Analyst,  so  far  as  they  are  designed  to 
affect  their  general  methods  of  reasoning.  London: 
Printed  for  J.  Noon  ....  1736,  8vo." 

This  very  acute  tract  is  anonymous,  but  it  was 
always  attributed  to  Bayes  by  the  contemporaries 
who  write  in  the  names  of  authors;  as  I  have 
seen  in  various  copies  :  and  it  bears  his  name  in 
other  places. 

Whiston,  in  his  Autobiography  (p.  425.,  2nd 
ed.),  mentions  a  conversation  he  had  at  Tunbridge 
Wells  with  Bayes  in  1746.  He  calls  Bayes  the 
successor  of  Humphrey  Ditton,  who  it  thus  ap- 
pears was  also  Unitarian. 

But  the  work  on  which  the  fame  x)f  Bayes  will 
rest  is  his  paper  in  the  Philosophical  Transactions 
for  1763,  and  the  supplement  in  the  volume  for 
1764.  These  papers  were  communicated  after 
Bayes's  death  by  Mr.  Richard  (afterwards  Dr.) 
Price.  They  are  the  mathematical  foundation  of 
that  branch  of  the  theory  of  probabilities  in  which 
the  probabilities  of  the  future  are  matter  of  cal- 
culation from  the  events  of  the  past.  Bayes 
shows  a  very  superior  mathematical  power  :  and 
Laplace,  who  makes  but  slight  mention  of  him,  is 
very  much  indebted  to  him.  More  justice  has 
been  done  by  Dr.  C.  Gouraud,  in  his  short  His- 
toire  du  Calcul  des  Probdbilites,  Paris,  1848,  8vo. 

"Bayes,  geometre  anglais,  d'une  grande  penetration 
d'esprit,  de'termina  directement  la  probabilite  que  les  pos- 
sibilites  indiquees  par  les  experiences  deja  faites  sont 
comprises  dans  des  limites  donue'es,  et  fournit  ainsi  la 
premiere  idee  d'une  theorie  encore  inconnue,  la  theorie 
de  la  probabilite  des  causes  et  de  leur  action  future 
conclue  de  la  simple  observation  des  eVenements  pas- 
se'es." 

Bayes  gave  more  than  the  premiere  idee:  he 
worked  out  a  method  for  solving  problems  involv- 
ing large  numbers  of  cases  :  not  so  easily  used  as 
Laplace's  method  helped  by  tables,  but  far  more 
easy  than  could  have  been  expected.  Accord- 
ingly, Bayes  is  one  of  the  chief  leaders  in  the  ma- 
thematical theory  of  probabilities.  What  he  did 
was  of  small  extent,  judged  by  paper  and  print, 
but  of  fundamental  importance  and  wide  conse- 
quence :  he  is  of  the  calibre  of  De  Moivre  and 
Laplace  in  his  power  over  the  subject.  He  chose 
to  keep  his  researches  to  himself,  and  they  would 
probably  have  been  lost  but  for  Dr.  Price  :  of 
whom  I  may  add  that  he  appears  as  a  far  more 
powerful  mathematician  in  his  explanations  and 
comments  upon  Bayes  than  in  any  part  of  his 
own  writings  on  his  own  subjects. 

I  have  ascertained  that  there  is  no  chance  of 
any  of  Dr.  Price's  papers  being  in  existence,  at 
least  of  those  which  have  any  reference  to  the 
time  at  which  Bayes  was  alive.  A.  DE  MORGAN. 


THE  THROW  FOR  LIFE  OR  DEATH. 
I  want  an  authority  for  the  following,  recorded 
in  the  Familie  Magazijn  for  1859,  p.  271. :  — 

"As  King  William  III.  of  England,  the  Stadtholder 
of  the  Netherlands,  was  besieging  Namur  in  1695,  sundry 
soldiers  from  his  army  suffered  themselves  to  be  seduced 
by  the  want  which  reigned  in  tiie  camp  to  go  a  maraud- 
ing, though  such  a  transgression  of  the  martial  law  had 
been  forbidden  on  pain  of  death.  Most  of  these  ma- 
rauders were  caught  by  the  country  people  and  killed: 
only  two  of  them  Avere  able  again  to  reach  the  camp  un- 
scathed. In  the  mean  while,  however,  their  absence  had 
been  noticed,  and  without  delay  they  were  sentenced  to 
death.  Already  the  following  morning  it  had  to  be  exe- 
cuted by  hanging. 

"  The  morning  had  dawned,  and  the  necessary  prepa- 
rations were  being  made  to  follow  up  the  verdict.  The 
general- in-chief,  however,  to  whom  both  the  condemned 
were  known  as  brave  soldiers,  wanted  to  save  one  of 
them,  and  thus  commuted  their  yesterday's  judgment  in 
so  far,  that  they  should  have  to  throw  at  dice  for  their 
life. 

"  In  former  times  it  often  was  the  custom,  in  the  appli- 
cation of  military  punishments,  when  the  judge  did  not 
desire  to  bring  the  law  home  upon  all  the  delinquents,  to 
let  it  be  decided  by  lot,  who  should  be  free  and  who 
should  suffer.  And  so  it  also  happened  in  this  case,  that 
both  the  marauders  were  led  to  a  drum,  in  order  there- 
upon to  cast  the  decisive  throw.  A  few  hundred  paces 
farther  the  fatal  pole  already  stood  erect,  and  its  aspect 
rendered  the  scene,  so  awful  in  itself,  still  more  impres- 
sive. Full  of  anxious  expectation,  a  group  of  officers,  the 
regimental  chaplain,  and  the  executioner,  silently  and 
with  an  earnest  mien  surrounded  the  poor  fellows.  With 
a  shaking  hand  one  of  the  condemned  now  took  up  the^ 
dice,  which  were  offered  to  him.  He  threw  .  .  .  two* 
sixes !  But,  as  soon  as  he  noticed  what  he  had  cast,  he 
wrung  his  hands  in  despair  and  gave  himself  up  as  lost. 
Who,  however,  will  picture  his  delight,  when,  in  the  next 
moment,  he  saw  that  his  fellow  also  had  thrown  .  .  .  two 
sixes ! 

"  The  commanding  officers  were  not  a  little  stricken  with 
this  strange  occurrence,  and  stared  at  each  other  in  mute 
astonishment.  They  were  nearly  at  a  loss  how  to  act. 
But  the  orders  which  had  been  "given  to  them  were  too 
precise,  that  they  should  have  dared  to  deviate  from  them : 
BO  they  commanded  both  the  men  to  throw  again.  This 
was  done :  the  dice  were  cast,  and  indescribable  was  the 
universal  amazement,  when  in  the  throws  of  both  there 
upturned  .  .  .  two  fives!  Loudly  the  spectators  now 
called  out,  that  both  should  be  pardoned.  The  case,  in- 
deed, was  extraordinary,  and  the  officers  thus  resolved  to 
ask  for  new  directions  in  such  an  out-of-the-way  predi- 
cament, and  momentarily  to  put  off  the  execution. 

"  To  get  further  orders,  they  accordingly  applied  to  the 
court  martial,  which  they  still  found  assembled.  Long 
was  the  discussion,  but  at  last  the  disheartening  reply 
was  given,  that  new  dice  had  to  be  tendered  to  the  delin"- 
quents,  and  that  again  they  had  to  tn>-  their  lot.  Once 
more  both  of  them  cast,  and,  lo  .  .  .  each  had  thrown 
two  fours'! 

"  *  This  is  the  finger  of  God ! '  said  all  present. 

"The  officers,  now  quite  upset,  again  laid  down  the 

strangeness  of  the  case  before  the  still  deliberating  court 

!  martial.    This  time,  even  over  the  members  of  that  court, 

there  crept  a  shudder.    They  began  to  distrust  the  justice 

•  of  their  sentence,  and  resolved  to  make  the  decision  of  the 
i  dilemma,  whether  or  not  the  judgment  should  be  executed, 
i  depend  on  the  general-in-chief,  whose  arrival  they  every 

•  moment  expected. 


IX.  JAN.  7.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


11 


"  The  Prince  of  Vaudemont  came.  Immediately  lie 
was  informed  of  the  singular  fact,  and,  in  order  better  to 
appreciate  the  case,  he  made  both  the  Englishmen  appear 
before  him.  Now,  they  had  to  tell  him  all  the  circum- 
stances of  their  clandestine  desertion  of  the  camp  and 
everything  besides,  that  had  occurred  to  them.  The 
prince  listened  attentively,  and  when  they  had  spoken, 
his  mouth  uttered  to  the  poor  culprits  the  word  of 
4  Pardon,''  '  It  is  impossible,'  quoth  he,  '  in  such  an 
uncommon  case,  not  to  obey  the  voice  of  divine  Provi- 
dence.' " 

J.  H.  VAN  LENNEP. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht,  Dec.  17,  '59. 


AN        EXCELLENT       EXAMPLE  I       PORTRAIT       OF 

RICHARD  II. — William  Lambarde,  Esq.,  Keeper 
of  the  Records  in  the  Tower,  wrote  a  "  Pandectee 
of  all  the  Rolls,  Bundles,  &c.,  in  the  Tower  of 
London,"  whereof  Queen  Elizabeth  had  given  to 
him  in  charge,  21  Jan.  1600-1.  He  records  the 
following  speech  from  her  :  — 

"  Her  Majestic  chearefully  receaved  the  same  into  her 
Hands,  saynge  you  intended  to  present  this  Booke  unto 
mee  by  the  Countice  of  Warwicke;  but  I  will  none  of 
that,  for  if  any  subject  of  myne  doe  mee  a  service,  I  will 
thankfully  accept  it  from  his  owne  hands.  Then  open- 
inge  the  Booke,  saves,  you  shall  see  I  can  read,"  &c. 

The  Queen  4i  demaunded  whither  I  hadd  seene  any  true 
Picture  or  lively  Representation  of  his  Countenance  or 
Person.  To  which  Lambarde  replied,  '  None  but  such 
as  be  in  comon  Hands.'  And  Her  Majesty  continued, 
'  The  Lord  Lumly,  a  lover  of  Antiquities,  discovered  it 
fastened  on  the  backside  of  a  doore  of  a  back  Roome  wich 
hee  presented  unto  mee,  praynge  with  my  Good  Leave 
that  I  might  putt  itt  in  Order  with  my  Auncestors  and 
Successors.  I  will  commaund  Tho.  Kneavett,  Keeper  of 
my  House  and  Gallery  at  Westminster,'  to  shew  it  unto 
thee.' " 

Is  this  portrait  extant  ? 

"  Being  called  away  to  prayer,  shoe  putt  the  Booke  in 
her  Bosome,  having  forbidden  mee,  from  the  first  to  the 
last,  to  fall  uppon  my  knee  before  her,  concludinge, 
'Farewell,  Good  and  honest  Lambarde.' — 1601,  4th  Au- 
gust." 

W.P. 

PEPPERCOMB.  —  I  shall  feel  obliged  to  any  one 
who  will  enlighten  me  as  to  the  origin  of  the 
name  of  Peppercomb,  a  pretty  little  coomb  open- 
ing on  the  Bristol  Channel  halfway  between 
Bideford  and  Clovelly. 

The  only  other  instances  I  know  of  the  word 
Pepper  appearing  in  names  of  places  are  Pepper- 
Hill,  near  Launceston,  Cornwall,  and  Pepper- 
Harrow,  near  Godalming,  Surrey,  and  in  both 
these  cases  also  I  am  ignorant  of  the  cause  of  the 
nomenclature.  N.  S.  L. 

OLIVER  GOLDSMITH.  —  His  room  or  garret  in 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  was  held  in  veneration 
by  the  students  ;  and  a  piece  of  glass  on  which  he 
had  written  his  autograph  was  handed  down  from 
tenant  to  tenant  as  a  sacred  relic.  It  is  now  no 
longer  there  !  What  became  of  it  ? 

GEORGE  LLOYD. 


MEMORIAL  OF  A  WITCH. — In  Lord  Hollo's  Park, 
Dunconib,  Perthshire,  is  a  stone  cross  bearing  this 
inscription  :  — 

"  Maggy  Walls  burnt  here  as  a  witch,  1657." 

Will  any  of  your  numerous  readers  state  if 
they  know  of  any  other  memorial  to  an  unfortu- 
nate witch  ?  CHATTODTJNUS. 

YOFTREGERE.  —  In  Alton  church  (Hants)  is 
the  following  inscription,  which,  as  nearly  as  I 
could  do  so,  is  copied  verbatim  et  literatim  :  — 

"  Xofr  Walaston  grome  of  ye  chambers  &  on  of  ye  yoft- 
regere  unto  Hen.  viii.  Ed.  vi.  Philip  &  Marye  &  Elizth." 

I  suppose  this  awkward-looking  word  to  be  as- 
tringer,  or  one  of  the  description  of  falconer?, 
given  by  many  old  authors.  Juliana  Berners  (ed. 
Wynkyn  de  Worde,  1496,  b.  iij  recto)  says,  "Ye 
shall  understonde  that  they  ben  callyd  Ostregeres 
that  kepe  goshavvkes  or  tercelles  ; "  and  Cowell 
(Law  Diet.}  says  "  Ostringers,  falconers,  properly 
that  keeps  a  goshawke." 

Can  any  of  your  readers  give  more  information 
on  the  subject,  and  does  it  throw  light  on  the 
disputed  passage  in  All's  Well  that  Ends  Well  — 
"  enter  a  gentle  Astringer  ?  "  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

CRISPIN  TUCKER. — Where  can  I  meet  with  any 
account  of  this  worthy,  said  to  have  been  a 
poetaster  and  bookseller  on  old  London  Bridge 
somewhere  about  the  beginning  of  the  last  cen- 
tury. Are  any  broadsides,  poems,  or  books  written 
or  published  by  him  st  ill  to  be  met  with  ?  C.  T. 

THE  FOUR  TOOLS  or  THE  MUMBLES. — In  The 
Daily  Telegraph  of  Dec.  6th  was  a  capital  leader 
on  the  "  Four  Merchants  of  Liverpool,"  in  the 
course  of  which  the  writer  mentioned  that :  — 

"  An  old  Welsh  story,  entitled  the  « Four  Fools  of  the 
Mumbles,'  relates  how  certain  Cambrians  proved  them- 
selves the  supreme  Idiots  of  the  Universe.' 

Where  is  the  story  of  the  Four  Fools  of  the 
Mumbles  to  be  found  ?  AMBROSE  MERTON. 

CLEANING  A  WATCH  ON  THE  SUMMIT  or 
SALISBURY  SPIRE. — The  papers  from  time  to  time 
note  the  circumstance  that  some  daring  person 
has  climbed  this  spire  to  oil  the  weathercock. 
This  is  a  dangerous  feat,  as  the  top  of  the  spire  is 
404  feet  from  the  ground.  It  is  ascended  by 
ladders  for  about  three-fourths  of  its  height, 
which  are  fixed  inside  the  spire.  A  small  door 
then  opens,  and  the  adventurer  has  to  climb  the 
rest  of  the  way  by  a  series  of  irons,  something 
like  the  handles  of  flat  irons,  which  are  fixed  in 
the  stone  work,  and  by  which  he  is  able  to  make 
his  way  to  the  top  to  complete  his  dizzy  work. 
About  forty  years  ago,  I  am  told,  some  persons 
were  assembled  at  the  "Pheasant"  in  Salisbury, 
and  were  talking  about  this  feat,  when  a  watch- 
maker, of  the  name  of  Arnold,  who  was  present, 


12 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


2«d  S.  IX.  JAN.  7.  '60. 


offered  for  a  small  wager  to  ascend  the  spire ;  to 
take  with  him  his  tools  and  a  watch  ;  to  take^the 
watch  to  pieces  on  the  very  top  of  the  spire  ; 
to  clean  it  properly,  and  bring  it  down  in  less 
than  an  hour.  He  accordingly  climbed  the  spire, 
fixed  his  back  against  the  stem  of  the  weather- 
cock, completed  his  task,  and  descended  within 
the  given  time.  This  is  so  curious  a  circumstance 
in  the  annals  of  horology,  I  should  be  glad  of  the 
exact  date,  if  any  readers  of  "  -3ST.  &  Q."  could 
furnish  it.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

ACCIDENT  ON  THE  MED  WAY.— A  correspondent 
in  the  Maidstone  Journal  (Dec.  24,  1859)  in 
describing  an  ancient  cannon  lately  found  in  the 
river  at  Gillingham  Reach,  says  that  whilst 
making  inquiries  respecting  the  discovery,  he  was 
informed  of  a  singular  occurrence^  which  is  re- 
lated to  have  happened  some  sixty  or  seventy 
years  since,  and  which  is  believed  to  be  unnoticed 
in  any  of  the  Kentish  annals  :  — 

"  At  the  period  in  question,  the  captain  of  a  ship  of 
war  lying  in  the  Medway,  at  no  great  distance  from  the 
Gun  Wharf,  gave  a  ball  on  board,  and  whilst  the  fes- 
tivities were  at  the  highest,  the  vessel  suddenly  sank, 
and  but  few  escaped  a  watery  grave.  Our  informant  said 
he  had  heard  his  grandmother  frequently  relate  the 
anecdote,  and  her  vivid  recollection  of  seeing  the  ladies 
and  officers  brought  out  of  the  river  in  full  dress  and 
laid  upon  the  Gun  Wharf." 

Can  any  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  furnish 
any  information  respecting  this  catastrophe  ? 

ALFRED  J.  DUNKIN. 

Dartford. 

TEMPLE  BAR  QUERIES.  —  If  any  of  your  cor- 
respondents could  give  me  any  information  con- 
cerning the  early  history  of  Temple  Bar,  I  should 
feel  greatly  obliged,  especially  with  reference  to 
the  following  points  of  inquiry.  Who  built  the 
present  Bar  ?  The  City  or  the  Government  ? — 
Was  the  former  Temple  Bar  of  wood  or  of  stone  ? 
If  the  latter,  when  was  it  built  ? — When  were  the 
rails  and  posts  removed,  and  the  first  bar  erected 
across  the  street? — Was  that  bar  removed  in 
James  I.'st  reign? — Have  there  been  three  bars? 
Answers  to  any  of  these  Queries  would  greatly 
oblige  me,  or  any  communications  privately  ad- 
dressed. J.  A.  G.  GUTCH. 

52.  Upper  Charlotte  Street, 
Fitzroy  Square. 

TRANSLATIONS  MENTIONED  BY  MOORE.  —  In 
reading,  lately,  Moore's  Memoirs  and  Journal,  I 
found  in  the  latter,  under  date  2nd  Sept.  1818, 
mention  made  of  "a  collection  of  translations 
from  Meleager,  sent  to  me  with  a  Dedication  to 
myself,  written  by  a  Mr.  Barnard,  a  clergyman  of 
Cave  Castle,  I  think,  Yorkshire.  They  are  done 
with  much  elegance.  I  had  his  MS.  to  look  over." 
Can  you  or  any  of  your  readers  state  whether 
such  a  work  was"  ever  published,  and  when  and 


where?  and  if  a  copy  of  the  book  is  now  procura- 
ble, at  what  price,  and  from  whom  ? 

I  would  ask  the  same  questions  as  to  another 
passage  in  the  same  Journal,  under  date  22nd 
Aug.  1826,  wherein  the  poet  acknowledges  re- 
ceipt of  "  a  letter  from  a  Mr.  Smith  sending  me  a 
work  (Translations  from  the  Grcelt)  by  Leopold 
Joss."  What  was  the  title  of  this  work,  by  whom 
published,  and  where  now  to  be  got  ?  SENEX. 

BlSHOP    PREACHING     TO     APRIL     FoOLS. Full 

fifty  years  ago,  before  you  had  taught  us  to  make 
a  note,  I  had  an  old  story  book,  square,  and  with 
many  woodcuts.  One  story  was  :  "  How  a  Ger- 
man Bishop,  after  the  manner  of  Howlglass,  did 
preach  to  a  Congregation  of  April  Fools."  The 
bishop  was  represented  with  a  crozier  in  his  hand, 
and  a  sword  by  his  side.  Can  any  reader  of  "  N. 
&  Q."  oblige  me  with  the  story,  which  I  have 
completely  forgotten,  as  well  as  the  name  of  the 
book  ?  P.  J.  T. 

THE  YEA-AND-NAY  ACADEMY  OF  COMPLI- 
MENTS. —  Lately  I  picked  up  at  the  stall  of  a 
"  flying  stationer "  an  imperfect  copy  of  a  book, 
which  has  verified  the  saying,  "  A  groat's  worth 
of  _wit  for  a  penny"  The  running  title  of  it  is, 
"  The  Yea-and-Nay  Academy  of  Compliments." 
It  appears  to  me  a  cleverly  written  performance, 
and  curiosity  induces  me  to  inquire  of  the  Editor 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  who  was  its  author  ? 

From  numerous  local  references,  it  looks  to  be^ 
the  production  of  a  London  scribe.  Its  entire 
object  is  to  show  up  through  a  variety  of  phases  of 
character  the  Friends  or  Quakers,  named  the 
"  Bull-and-Mouth  people,"  and  who  seem  to  have 
been  under  considerable  obloquy  and  persecution 
for  their  principles. 

A  jocular  anecdote,  related  at  p.  28,  of  "  Friend 
B.  a  Quakering  vintner,"  who  had  sold  some  wine 
to  the  king— a  "  prince  of  very  excellent  humour' 
—  but  which  wine  Friend  would  not  deliver  till 
he  had  obtained  an  interview  with  the  king  as  to 
its  payment,  makes  me  think  that  the  allusion  is 
to  the  "  merry  monarch,"  and  that  the  book  may 
date  some  time  in  the  reign  of  Charles  the  Second. 

G.N. 

BALLAD  OF  THE  GUNPOWDER  TREASON.  —  Can 
any  of  your  correspondents  supply  a  copy  of  the 
real  original  ballad  of  the  gunpowder  treason  ? 
Every  one  almost  can  give  you  a  couplet  or  so, 
and  there  it  stops.  Few  would  imagine  how  very 
difficult  it  is  to  obtain  the  entire  ballad  as  sum; 
on  the  5th  of  Nov.  a  century  ago.  M.  H 

DISPOSSESSED  PRIORS  AND  PRIORESSES.  —  Have 
any  biographies  at  any  time  been  published  of  the 
priors  and  prioresses  who  were  deprived  of  their 
monasteries  by  Henry  VIII.  ?  I  wish  to  ascer- 
tain the  subsequent  fate  of  Agnes  Sitherland,  who 
was  the  last  prioress  of  the  Nunnery  of  Grace- 
Dieu  at  Ashby-de-la-Zouch,  and  surrendered  it 


2nd  S.  IX.  JAN.  7.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


13 


on  the  27th  of  October,  1539.  According  to  Ni- 
chols, in  his  History  of  Leicestershire,  she  received 
sixty  shillings  reward,  and  a  pension,  the  amount 
of  which,  however,  he  does  not  mention.  Has  not 
some  pious  Catholic  recorded  the  sufferings  ^and 
deaths  of  these  persons  ?  T.  E.  S. 

SUPERVISOR.  —  In  the  reign  of  Queen  Eliza- 
beth, and  earlier  periods,  I  find  many  references 
to  the  supervisors  of  the  counties  of  England,  and 
also  the  supervisors  of  North  Wales  and  of  South 
Wales.  AVhere  can  I  learn  what  were  the  duties 
of  this  officer,  who  appears  to  have  received  a  fee 
from  the  crown  ?  I  do  not  think  he  acted  as 
"surveyor,"  in  the  present  meaning  of  that  word; 
but  I  imagine  that  he  was  more  of  a  local  receiver 
of  rents  for  the  crown.  I  shall  be  glad  to  have  a 
certified  explanation  of  the  duties  of  the  officer. 

W.  P. 

AMERICA  KNOWN  TO  THE  CHINESE.  —  In  an  In- 
dian paper  some  time  ago  appeared  a  letter  from 
a  correspondent  in  China,  in  which  it  was  asserted 
that  a  Chinese  book  had  been  discovered,  con- 
taining an  account  of  a  voyage  to  Mexico  in  the 
fourth  century  of  the  Christian  Era.  Has  any- 
thing been  heard  about  this  at  home  ?  EXTJL. 
Bombay  Presidency. 

CRESWELL:  SLAVES. — About  five  years  ago,  a 
paragraph  went  the  round  of  the  papers  to  the 
effect  that  an  owner  of  slaves,  named  Creswell, 
had  died  in  America,  at  New  Orleans  or  St.  Louis 
•I  think,  intestate.  This  was  afterwards  followed 
by  another  paragraph  relating  to  the  sale,  &c.,  of 
his  property.  A  relation  of  mine  is  anxious  to 
learn  the  title  and  dates  of  any  newspaper  con- 
taining them  ;  but  references  to  American  papers 
would  be  preferable.  S.  F.  CRESWELL. 

Radford,  Nottingham. 

AUTHORSHIP.  —  Will  any  reader  be  so  good  as 
to  tell  me  who  were  the  authors  of  these  two 
books  ?  — 

1.  "  The  History  of  the  Church  of  Great  Britain  from 
the  Birth  of  Our  Saviour  until  the  Year  of  Our  Lord 
1G67.     London,   1674,  4to."      (The  Dedication  signed 
«G.  G.") 

[By  George  Geeves.  Vide  the  Rev.  H.  F.  Lyte's  Sale 
Catalogue,  Lot  1646;  and  Straker's  last  Catalogue  ar- 
ranged according  to  Subjects,  no  date,  art.  6110.] 

2.  "  De  Templis ;    a  Treatise  of  Temples.     London, 
1638,  12mo."    (The  Dedication  signed  "  R.  T.") 

A  TEMPLAR. 

HERBERT'S  SUNDAY.  —  Can  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents call  to  mind  an  old  church  tune,  to 
which  those  words  of  George  Herbert  may  be  set, 
"  Oh  day,  most  calm,  most  bright ! "  &c.  6,  8,  8, 
8,  8,  8,  6  ?  VRYAN  RHEGED. 

THOMAS  RANDOLPH.  —  Thomas  Randolph  was 
Master  of  the  Posts  and  Chamberlain  of  the  Ex- 
chequer to  Queen  Elizabeth.  In  Historical  Notes 
he  is  mentioned  as  Sir  Thomas,  and  is  said  to  have 


been  four  times  ambassador  to  Scotland,  and  to 
have  died  in  1590.  He  married  Mrs.  Ursula 
Coppinger,  and  had  a  son  Ambrose.  His  second 
child  Frances  married  Thomas  Fitzgerald,  who, 
with  his  wife,  was  buried  at  Walton-upon-Thames. 
What  were  his  arms,  and  was  he  related  to  the 
poet  Thomas  Randolph,  who  died  in  1634?  or 
to  Dr.  John  Randolph,  Bishop  of  London  in 
1809  ?  I  should  be  grateful  for  any  farther  infor- 
mation relating  to  him.*  SHILDON. 

PETRARCH. — Some  months  ago  I  observed  an  an- 
nouncement of  some  new  discovered  Italian  poetry 
of  Petrarch.  Has  the  fact  been  confirmed,  or  has 
anything  more  transpired  as  to  the  supposed  dis- 
covery of  farther  poems  by  the  lover  of  Laura  ? 

VAUCLLSE. 


A  CASE  FOR  THE  SPECTACLES. — I  have  lately 
met  with  a  volume  with  the  following  title  :  — 

"  A  Case  for  the  Spectacles,  or  a  Defence  of  Via  Tuta, 
the  Safe  Way,  by  Sir  Humphry  Lynde,  Knight,  in  answer 
to  a  Book  written  by  J.  R.  called  a  paire  of  Spectacles, 
Together  with  a  treatise  Intituled  Strictune  in  Lyndo- 
mastygem  by  way  of  supplement  to  the  Knight's  answer, 
where  he  left  off  prevented  by  death.  And  a  Sermon 
Preached  at  his  Funerall  at  Cobham,  June  14th,  1636. 
By  Daniel  Featley,  D.D.  London :  Printed  by  M.  P.  for 
Robert  Milbourne,  at  the  signe  of  the  Vnicorne  in  Fleet 
Street,  neere  Fleet  Bridge,  1638." 

Where  can  I  find  any  account  of  this  contro- 
versy, and  any  particulars  in  connexion  with  Sir 
Humphry  Lynde  and  Daniel  Featley,  D.D.  ? 
Who  was  the  J.  R.  mentioned  in  the  title-page  ? 
At  p.  17.  of  the  work  a  "Mix  Lloyd  the  Ro- 
manist" is  spoken  of  in  terms  that  lead  one  to  sup- 
pose he  was  the  author  of  the  Paire  of  Spectacles. 
At  p.  18.  the  same  person  is  called  John  Floyd, 
and  the  name  occurs,  spelt  in  this  manner,  at  pp. 
116. 127. 142.;  p.  145.  he  is  said  to  be  a  "  Jesuite." 
Is  anything  known  of  this  Lloyd  or  Floyd  ? 

LIBYA. 

[On  June  27,  1623,  a  discussion  took  place  at  Sir  H. 
Lynde's  house  on  the  Romish  controversy.  Drs.  Featlcv 
and  White  on  one  side,  and  the  Jesuits  Fisher  and  Swete 
on  the  other.  A  report  of  the  debate  was  published  by 
command  of  Archbishop  Abbot,  entitled  The  Romish 
Fisher  Cavght  and  Held  in  his  Owne  Net;  or  a  True  Re- 
lation of  the  Protestant  Conference  and  Popish  Difference : 
a  Justification  of  the  one,  and  Refutation  of  the  other,  in 
matter  of  Fact  and  Faith.  By  Daniel  Featly,  D.D.  4to. 
1624.  The  names  of  the  persons  present  at  this  discus- 
sion are  given  at  p.  46.  A  Case  for  the  Spectacles,  &-c. 
has  been  republished  by  the  Reformation  Society  in  Gib- 
son's Preservative  against  Popery,  Supplement,  vol.  v., 
edited  by  R.  P.  Blakeney,  M.A.] 

"  TREPASSER  :  "  TO  DIE.  —  I  shall  feel  much  ob- 
liged to  any  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q."  who  will 
furnish  me  with  the  exact  value  and  origin  of  the 

[*  Thomas  Randolph  is  noticed  in  our  last  volume, 
pp.  12.  34.— ED.]  . 


14 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  JAN.  7.  '60. 


above  ancient  French  word.  Is  it  a  single  or  com- 
pound word ;  and,  if  the  latter,  can  it  be  an  abbre- 
viation of outre-passer,  as  if  one  should  say  "to  pass 
out  of  time  ?"  An  answer  will  oblige  A.  B.  R. 

[The  French  etymologists  derive  trepasser,  through  its 
corresponding  noun  tre'pas.  death  (in  old  Fr.  trespas,  It. 
trapasso,  Romance  traspas,  trespas,)  from  L.  trans  and 
passus;  and  Me'nage  is  very  decided  in  maintaining  that 
the  Fr.  tres  (of  disputed  origin)  is  from  the  L.  trans. 
We  think,  however,  that  some  consideration  is  certainly 
due  to  our  correspondent's  suggestion  that  trepasser  may 
possibly  be  an  abbreviation  of  outrepasser,  taking  outre 
(formerly  oultre)  as  a  Fr.  modification  of  the  L.  ultra, 
and  at  the  same  time  bearing  in  mind  that  we  have  in 
It.  oltrapassare,  oltrepassare,  and  in  Romance  outrapas- 
sar,  outrepassar.] 

LIFE  OF  LORD  CLIVE. — Who  has  collected  the 
best  account  of  this  extraordinary  man  ?  Or  must 
his  Life  be  sought  for  in  the  history  and  the 
journals  of  the  times  in  which  he  lived  ? 

VRYAN  RHEGED. 

[Consult  The  Life  of  Robert  Clive,  collected  from  the 
Family  Papers,  communicated  by  the  Earl  of  Powis,  by 
Major- Gen.  Sir  John  Malcolm,  K.C.B.,  3  vols.  8vo.,  1836. 
Also  "  Lord  Clive,"  by  the  late  Lord  Macaulay,  in  The 
Traveller's  Library,  1851.] 

"  A  PROPOS  DE  BOTTES."  —  Can  any  one  tell 
me  the  origin  of  the  phrase  a  propos  de  bottes  f 

SELRACH. 

[In  offering  the  received  explanation  of  this  phrase,  it 
is  necessary  to  premise  that  on  this  side  of  the  Channel, 
we  use  the  expression  in  a  sense  somewhat  more  limited 
than  that  attached  to  it  by  the  French.  We  say  "&  pro- 
pos de  bottes  "  (or  "  a  propos  to  nothing  "),  when  a  sub- 
ject is  "  brought  in  neck  and  shoulders.'"  But  in  France 
they  apply  the  phrase  to  any  thing  that  is  done  without 
motive.  "II  dit  des  injures  a.  propos  de  bottes."  "II  se 
fache  a  propos  de  bottes."  The  saying  is  thus  accounted 
for.  A  certain  Seigneur,  having  lost  an  important  cause, 
told  the  king  (Francois  I.)  that  the  court  had  un-booted 
him  (1'avait  de'botte).  What  he  meant  to  say  was,  that 
the  court  had  decided  against  him  (11  avait  etc*  deboute,  cf. 
med.-Lat.  debotare).  The  king  laughed,  but  reformed  the 
practice  of  pleading  in  Latin.  The  gentlemen  of  the  bar, 
feeling  displeased  at  the  change,  said  that  it  had  been 
made  a  propos  de  bottes.  Hence  the  application  of  the 
phrase  to  any  thing  that  is  done  "  sans  motif  raison- 
nable,"  or  "  hors  de  propos."  (Cf.  Bescherelle  on  botte.) 
A  slightly  different  explanation,  but  to  the  same  effect, 
is  given  by  Carpentier  under  debotare,  DuCange.] 

"THE  RAGMAN'S  ROLL." — What  is  the  origin  of 
this  title  to  the  catalogue  of  names  of  those  Scots 
who  swore  fealty  to  Edward  I.  ?  DORRICKS. 

[So  many  conjectures  have  been  offered  respecting  the 
origin  of  the  uncouth  appellation,  "  Ragman  Rolls,"  that 
we  must  refer  our  correspondent  to  the  editorial  Preface 
to  Instrumenta  Publica  sive  Processus  super  Fidelitatibus 
et  Homagiis  Scotorum  Domino  Regi  Anglia  Factis  A.D. 
1291—1296  (Bannatyne  Club),  4to.  1834,  edited  by  T. 
Thomson,  as  well  as  to  Dr.  Jamieson's  elaborate  illus- 
trations of  the  meaning  of  this  word  in  his  Etymological 
Dictionary,  4to.  1808.  Mr.  Thomson  says,  that  "  it  seems 
to  be  abundantly  obvious  that  in  diplomatic  language 
the  term  Ragman  properly  imports  an  indenture  or  other 
legal  deed  executed  under  the  seals  of  the  parties ;  and 
consequently  that  its  application  to  the  Rolls  in  question 


implies  that  they  are  the  record  of  the  separate  ragmans, 
or  sealed  instruments  of  homage  and  fealty,  executed  by 

the  people  of  Scotland Dr.  Jamiesou  is  inclined  to 

prefer  a  Teutonic  etymology,  suggested  by  what  seems  to 
have  been  rather  an  infrequent  use  of  it,  implying  ac- 
cusation or  crimination.  It  must,  however,  be  confessed 
(adds  Mr.  Thomson)  that  after  all  the  origin  of  Ragman 
still  remains  a  problem  for  future  lexicographers."] 

CLAUDE,  PICTURES  BY.  —  According  to  Smith's 
Catalogue  of  Painters,  Claude's  *  "  Judgment  of 
Paris  "  is  in  the  possession  of  the  Duke  of  Buc- 
cleugh.  I  should  be  obliged  to  any  reader  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  who  would  inform  me  in  which  of  his 
Grace's  collections  it  is  contained.  Also  in  what 
collection  is  Claude's  "  Cephalus  and  Procris," 
which,  when  engraved  by  Vivares,  was  in  the 
possession  of  Lord  Clive  ?  H.  S.  ORAM. 

[Of"  Cephalus  and  Procris"  there  are  two  pictures  in 
the  National  Gallery.  Of  the  "  Judgment  of  Paris  " 
there  are  four ;  one  in  the  collection  of  the  Duke  of  Buc- 
cleugh,  and  one  formerly  in  that  of  the  Prince  of  Peace 
at  Rome.] 


WATSON,  HORNE,  AND  JONES. 

(2nd  S.  viii.  396.) 

It  would  be  satisfactory  if  MR.  GUTCH'S  Query 
should  draw  forth  any  sermon  written  by  the 
Rev.  George  Watson.  I  never  yet  met  with  one, 
nor  can  I  find  mention  of  his  name  and  works  in 
any  Catalogue  which  I  have  consulted.  Their 
scarcity  will  presently  be  explained.  The  sermon," 
of  which  Mr.  JONES  speaks  in  MR.  GUTCH'S  ex- 
tract, is  thus  alluded  to  by  Bishop  Home,  in  his 
Commentary  on  the  Nineteenth  Psalm  :  — 

"  If  the  reader  shall  have  received  any  pleasure  from 
perusing  the  comment  on  the  foregoing  Psalm,  he  stands 
indebted  to  a  Discourse  entitled  '  Christ  the  Light  of  the 
World,'  published  in  the  year  1750,  by  the  late  Rev.  Mr. 
George  Watson  [of  University  College]  for  many  years 
the  dear  companion  and  kind  director  of  the  author's 
studies ;  in  attending  to  whose  agreeable  and  instructive 
conversation  he  has  often  passed  whole  days  together,  and 
shall  always  have  reason  to  number  them  among  the  best 
spent  days  of  his  life ;  whose  death  he  can  never  think  of 
without  lamenting  it  afresh :  and  to  whose  memory  he 
embraces,  with  pleasure,  this  opportunity  to  pay  the  tri- 
bute of  a  grateful  heart." — Bishop  Home's  IVorks,  vol.  ii. 
p.  119. 

The  same  prelate  has  appended  the  following 
note  to  his  own  striking  and  beautiful  sermon, 
"  The  prevailing  Intercessor"  :  — 

"  The  plan  and  substance  of  the  foregoing  Discourse 
are  taken  from  one  published  some  years  ago,  by  my  late 
learned  and  valuable  friend  the  Rev.  Mr.  Watson.  But 
it  always  seemed  to  me  that  he  had  much  abated  the 
force  and  energy  which  the  composition  would  otherwise 
have  possessed,  by  introducing  a  secondary  and  subordi- 
nate subject.  I  was  therefore  tempted  to  work  up  his 
admirable  materials  afresh." —  Works,  vol.  iv.  p.  370. 

An  interesting  sketch  of  Mr.  Watson's  cha- 
racter, with  a  high  tribute  to  his  talents,  will  be 


2'"'-  S.  IX.  JAN.  7.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


15 


found  in  Jones's  Life  of  Bishop  Home.  The 
latter,  as  we  have  seen,  was  Mr.  W.'s  pupil,  ^and 
was  so  delighted  with  his  tutor  that  he  remained 
an  entire  vacation  in  Oxford  in  order  that  he 
might  prosecute  his  studies  under  one  who  is 
described  as  "  so  complete  a  scholar,  as  great  a 
divine,  as  good  a  man,  and  as  polite  a  gentleman, 
as  the  present  age  can  boast  of." 

Jones  states  that  Mr.  Watson  never  published 
any  large  work,  and  will  be  known  to  posterity 
only  by  some  occasional  pieces  which  he  printed 
in  his  lifetime.  He  notices  a  sermon  preached 
before  the  University  of  Oxford  on  the  29th 
May,  "  An  Admonition  to  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land," and  a  fourth  sermon  "  On  the  Divine  Ap- 
pearance in  Gen.  xviii."  This  last  sermon,  Jones 
adds,  "  was  furiously  shot  at  by  the  Bushfighters 
of  that  time  in  the  Monthly  Review."  To  this  at- 
tack Mr.  Watson  returned  a  repi}7,  so  able,  in 
Jones's  opinion,  that  if  he  wished  to  contrast  Mr. 
Watson  with  his  reviewers,  he  would  put  the  letter 
into  any  reader's  hand,  of  which  he  supposes  "  no 
copies  are  now  to  be  found,  but  in  the  possession  of 
some  of  his  surviving  friends"  Dr.  Delany  made 
honourable  mention  of  this  reply  in  the  third 
volume  of  his  Revelation  examined  with  Candour. 
From  the  foregoing  remark  Watson  may  have 
printed  his  sermons  and  other  works  solely  as 
gifts  to  his  friends,  and  which  will  account  for 
their  scarcity. 

He  probably  induced  both  his  young  friends, 
Jones  and  Home,  to  adopt  the  opinions  of  Mr. 
Hutchinson. 

These  opinions,  we  know,  were  embraced  by 
other  excellent  men  ;  the  Lord  President  Forbes 
(pronounced  by  Warburton  "  one  of  the  greatest 
men  which  ever  Scotland  bred  "),  Parkhurst,  and 
Mr.  W.  Stevens  were  in  the  list,  but  the.  number 
was  small,  as  the  system  was  obscure,  and  some- 
what unattractive.  "As  the  followers  of  Hut- 
chinson did  not  form  a  distinct  Church  or  Society, 
and  continued  to  belong  to  the  Church  with  which 
they  were  formerly  connected,  they  did  not  so  far 
give  way  to  schism  as  to  compose  a  sect."* 

No  men  could  have  been  less  inclined  than 
Hutchinson's  friends  to  constitute  themselves  a 
party,  "that  bad  thing  in  itself;"  and  though  they 
were  spoken  of  with  contempt  and  acrimony,  they 
could  have  replied  with  Hooker,  "  to  your  railing 
we  say  nothing,  to  your  reasons  we  say  what 
follows."  At  the  early  age  of  nineteen  Home 
sat  down  to  attack  the  Newtonian  system,  and  at 
twenty-one  he  unwisely  published  his  work;  it 
was  entitled, — 

"  The  Theology  and  Philosophy  in  Cicero's  Soranium 
Scipionis  explained,  or  a  brief  Attempt  to  demonstrate 
that  the  Newtonian  System  is  perfectly  agreeable  to  the 
Notions  of  ihe  wisest  Ancients,  and  vhat  Mathematical 
Principles  are  the  only  sure  ones.  London,  1751." 
Svo,  Pp.  55. 

*  Mosheim's  Ecc.  Hist.  vi.  304.  note. 


A  copy  of  this  rare  tract  was  lent  me  by  my 
late  valued  friend  Mr.  Barnwell  of  the  British 
Museum  in  1830.  I  have  never  seen  a  second. 

Home's  friends  were  sensible  of  its  faults  :  so 
was  the  author,  who  doubtless  used  his  best  en- 
deavours to  suppress  it.  It  appeared  afterwards 
in  another  and  unexceptionable  form.  Amongst 
the  comments  passed  upon  it  there  is  a  bitter  one 
by  Warburton,  who  tells  his  friend  Kurd,  "  there 
is  one  book,  and  that  no  large  one,  which  I  would 
recommend  to  your  perusal,  it  is  indeed  the  ne 
plus  ultra  of  Hutchinsonianism."  * 

We  must  not  take  leave  of  Bp.  Home  without 
adverting  to  one  of  the  most  exquisite  works  in 
our  language,  his  Commentary  on  the  Psalms. 
He  had  drank  deeply  of  that  "  celestial  fountain," 
as  the  Book  of  Psalms  has  been  well  called,  and 
he  tells  us  that  whilst  pursuing  his  daily  task, 
"food  and  rest  were  not  preferred  before  it." 
The  result  was  the  production  of  a  work,  prized 
by  both  the  young  and  the  old,  described  as  "a 
book  of  elegant  and  pathetic  devotion,"  but  which 
deserves  the  far  higher  epithet  of  evangelical. 

Walpole,  in  1753,  speaks  of  the  Hutchinsonian 
system  as  "  a  delightful  fantastic  one,"  and  some- 
what rashly  concludes  that  it  has  superseded 
Methodism,  quite  decayed  in  Oxford,  its  cradle  !  f 
"One  seldom  hears  anything  about  it,  in  town,"  he 
adds;  and  certainly  it  was  not  likely  to  engage 
Walpole's  attention  beyond  that  of  furnishing 
matter  of  ridicule  for  his  pen. 

Hutchinson's  own  writings  were  given  to  the 
world  in  1749—1765,  in  thirteen  octavo  volumes. 
Their  slumber  for  years  on  book- shelves  must 
have  been  deep  and  undisturbed.  A  short  but 
masterly  notice  of  the  author  will  be  found  in 
Whitaker's  Richmondshire,  i.  364. 

J.  H.  MA.EKLAXD. 


GEORGE  GASCOIGNE  THE  POET. 

(2na  S.  viii.  453.) 

I  may  take  upon  me  to  answer  the  question 
put  by  G.  H.  K.  to  the  authors  of  the  Athena 
Cantab.,  as  1  believe  the  only  documentary  evi- 
dence "  relative  to  the  George  Gascoigne  who 
was  in  trouble  in  1548,"  is  a  passage  that  has 
recently  passed  under  my  editorial  review  in  a 
volume  (entitled  Narratives  of  the  Reformation) 
prepared  for  the  Camden  Society,  but  not  yet 
issued  to  its  members.  It  occurs  in  the  Auto- 
biographical Anecdotes  of  Edward  Underhill  (for- 
merly in  part  published  by  Strype)  and  is  as 
follows :  — 

"  I  caused  also  mr.  Gastone  the  lawyare,  who  vras  also 
a  greate  dicer,  to  be  aprehendid ;  in  whose  howse  Alene 
(the  prophecyer)  was  mouche,  and  hadde  a  chamber  ther, 


*  Warburton's  Correspondence,  p.  86. 
f  Correspondence)  vol.  ii.  257. 


16 


NOTES  AND  QUEPvIES. 


S.  IX.  JAN.  7.  'GO. 


where  was  many  thynges  practesed.  Gaston  hadde  an 
old  Avyffe  who  was  leyde  under  the  borde  alle  nyght  for 
deade,  and  when  the'womene  in  the  mornynge  came  too 
wynde  her,  the}-  founde  thatt  ther  was  lyffe  in  her,  and 
so  recovered  her,  and  she  lived  aboute  too  yeres  after. 

"  By  the  resworte  off  souche  as  came  to  seke  for  thj'nges 
stollen  and  lost,  wiche  they  wolde  hyde  for  the  nonst,  to 
bleare  ther  husebandes'  ies  withalle,  saynge  '  the  wyse 
mane  tolde  them,'  off  souche  Gastone  hadde  choyce  for 
hym  selffe  and  his  frendes,  younge  lawers  of  the  Temple." 

To  the  name  of  "  Gastone  "  I  have  appended 
this  note :  — 

"  This  is  probably  the  true  name,  and  not  Gascoigne. 
One  of  the  Knights  of  the  Bath  made  at  the  coronation 
of  Queen  Mary  Avas  Sir  Henry  Gaston. 

And  in  the  Appendix  I  have  added  these 
further  remarks  :  — 

"  The  authors  of  the  Ailience.  Cantubrigienses,  vol.  i. 
p.  374.  are  inclined  to  '  fear '  that  this  was  George  Gas- 
coigne, afterwards  distinguished  as  a  poet.  Still  there  is 
room  to  hope  to  the  contrary,  not  only  because  Gas- 
coigne's  flowers  of  poesy  did  not  begin  to  bud  until  1562, 
whereas  poets  generally  show  themselves  at  an  early  age  : 
but  further,  because  ''Gastone  the  lawyer '  had  '  an  old 
wife '  as  early  as  the  date  of  Underbill's  anecdotes,  that 
is,  about  1551." 

The  names  Gascoigne  and  Gaston  are,  I  pre- 
sume, really  distinct,  and  not  interchangeable, 
like  Berkeley  and  Barllett,  Fortescue  and  Foshew, 
Throckmorton  and  Frogmorton,  Foljambe  and 
Fulgehum,  and  some  others  :  but  of  this  I  am  not 
sure,  and  should  be  glad  to  be  further  informed. 
JOHN  GOUGH  NICHOLS. 

We  beg  to  refer  G.  H.  K.  to  Strype's  Memo- 
ii.  114.     Strjpe  cites  Foxii  MSS. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 


BARONY  OF  BROUGHTON:  REMARKABLE 

TRIAL. 
(2nd  S.  viii.  376.  438.) 

Although,  as  G.  J.  says,  there  never  were  a 
provost  and  bailies  of  the  barony  of  Broughton, 
there  existed  at  the  beginning  of  last  century,  and 
long  previously,  a  court  presided  over  by  a  Baron 
Bailie  appointed  by  the  superior  of  the  barony 
and  regality  of  Broughton  (otherwise  Brochtoun 
and  Burghton),  who  also  possessed  the  office  of 
Justiciar.*  At  one  time  the  burgh  and  regality  of 
Canongate,  part  of  Leith,  and  lands  in  the  coun- 
ties of  Haddington,  Linlithgow,  Stirling,  and 
Peebles,  were  included  under  his  jurisdiction,  while 
originally  the  whole  formed  part  of  the  lordship 
of  Holyrood  House.  The  magistrates  of  Edin- 
burgh afterwards  acquired  the  superiority  of 
Canongate  and  other  lands,  and  the  Governors  of 


*  Sir  Lewis  Bellenden  of  Auchineule  had  a  charter  in 
1591  of  the  barony  of  Broughton,  and  his  grandson  Sir 
William  Bellenden  was,  10  June,  1661,  created  Lord  Bel- 
lenden of  Broughton. 


Heriot's  Hospital  the  greater  part  of  the  remain- 
der. A  remarkable  instance  of  the  exercise  by 
this  court  of  the  highest  criminal  jurisdiction  oc- 
curred 142  years  ago.*  Two  boys,  the  sons  of 
Mr.  Gordon  of  Ellon,  Aberdeenshire,  were  mur- 
dered on  28th  April,  1717,  by  their  tutor  Robert 
Irvine,  in ^ revenge  for  their  having  blabbed  some 
moral  indiscretion  on  his  part  which  they  had  wit- 
nessed. This  took  place  on  a  spot  now  forming 
part  of  the  new  town  of  Edinburgh,  but  then  open 
ground^  and,  being  in  sight  of  the  Castle  Hill, 
it  is  said  persons  walking  there  saw  the  deed 
committed.  The  murderer  was  taken  red-hand, 
i.  e.  immediately  after  the  fact,  and  put  on  his 
trial  on  30th  April  before  the  Baron  Court  of 
Broughton,  when,  being  convicted  by  a  jury,  he 
was  sentenced  to  be  hanged  next  day  at  Green- 
side  (now  a  part  of  Edinburgh),  having  his  hands 
first  struck  off.  This  sentence  was  accordingly 
carried  into  execution  on  1st  May,  and  his  body 
was  thrown  into  a  quarry  hole  near  the  place  of 
the  murder.  In  this  the  bailie  followed  the  usage 
of  inferior  criminal  courts  possessed  of  such  juris- 
diction, of  trying  and  executing  criminals  within 
three  suns,  although  the  act  1695,  cap.  4,  ex- 
tended the  time  of  execution  to  a  period  not  ex- 
ceeding nine  days  after  sentence.  In  such  an 
atrocious  case  there  could  be  no  room  for  the 
royal  mercy.  It  has  been  erroneously  stated  that 
the  perpetrator  of  this  crime  was  taken  before  the 
Lord  Provost  of  Edinburgh  as  High  Sheriff,  who 
had  him  tried,  convicted,  sentenced,  and  executed 
within  twenty-four  hours.  This  is  negatived  by 
the  above  facts,  which  are  derived  from  the  con- 
temporary notices  contained  in  three  numbers  of 
the  Scots  t  Courant  newspaper.  It  certainly  seems 
startling  that  at  that  period  the  comparatively 
humble  judge  of  a  court  of  barony  and  regality 
to  the  south  of  the  Forth  should  have  exercised 
such  high  functions,  and  that  these  powers  still 
existed  in  1747,  when  the  Heritable  Jurisdiction 
Abolition  Act  (20  Geo.  II.  c.  43.)  was  passed. 

B.R. 


BOCARDO  (2nd  S.  viii.  270.)  —  It  is  here  stated 
(on  the  authority  of  Nares)  that  Bocardo  was 
"  the  old  north  gate  of  Oxford,  taken  down  in 
1771,"  and  used  as  a  prison.  The  following  ad- 
ditional information  may  be  acceptable. 

In  the  Preface  to  Pointer's  Oxoniensis  Academia, 
the  author  says  :  — 

"  Bocardo  (which  is  now — i.e.  1749  —  the  City  Prison 
for  Debtors  and  Felons)  was  then  (i.  e.  the  thirteenth 
century)  their  Public  Library,  where  not  only  Books 
were  kept,  but  University  Records  preserv'd." 


*  On  a  previous  occasion,  John  Balleny,  bailie  of  the 
regality  of  Broughton,  having  waived  his  privilege  of 
exclusive  jurisdiction  in  a  case  of  murder,  took  his  seat 
as  cojusticiar  on  the  bench  of  the  Supreme  Justice  Court, 
14  February,  1621. 


S.  IX.  JAN.  7.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


17 


It  is  singular  that  no  reference  is  made  to  this 
in  Ingrain's  Memorials. 

Warton's  couplet  from  the  Newsman's  Verses 
for  1772  has  already  been  given.  ^  The  following 
note  is  appended  to  the  couplet  in  The  Oxford 
Sausage :  — 

"  BOCAKDO.  The  City  Gaol,  &c.  taken  down  by  the 
Oxford  Paving  Act." 

Bocardo  is  also  mentioned  in  the  same  book,  in 
The  Castle  Barbers  Soliloquy,  1760. 

In  the  rare  Latin  poem  Oxonium  Poema,  1667 
(from  which  I  quoted  the  description  of  Old 
Mother  Louse,  of  Louse  Hall,  2nd  S.  vii.  404.) 
the  author  passes  from  Baliol  College,  and  thus 
speaks  of  Bocardo :  — 

"Jame    pete    Bacardi    Turres,    Portasque 
"  Bocardo.  patentes, 

nerlPnS  Atque  obolum   (si  forte  tenes)  da  dives 

egenis." 

He  then  describes  Carfax  Conduit  and  church, 
("  Carfaxe  quasi  quatrevois")  and  thus  refers  to 
the  Castle :  — 

"A  tergo  stat  cum  veteri  Vetus    aggere 
"  Castle,  and  Castrum. 

The  Gallons.         ^ec  procul    hinc  furca   est,    Fures    et 
scorta  cavete." 

CUTHBERT  BEDE. 

SPOON  INSCRIPTION  (2nd  S.  viii.  512.)— Although 
yQur  correspondent  does  not  ask  for  an  explana- 
tion of  the  inscription  upon  the  spoon,  one  cannot 
answer  his  inquiry  —  "  whether  it  is  probable  that 
this  spoon  was  used  in  the  rite  of  baptism?"  — 
without  attempting  to  ascertain  what  the  inscrip- 
tion means,  crabbed  as  it  is.  It  consists  of  Ger- 
man mixed  with  Latin,  and  runs  thus  :  — 

"  AN.  NO.  1669. 

DiSBLVT   .  ESV.  CERIST  .  GOTESSOIN .  DEEMS 
GVNSREIN  VON  ALLEN  SVJDEN 

CHIIST  TVML.  BSBEN.  ASTF.  ALBES  SER 
DENSLENS.  WASSEN." 

This,  verbally  divided,  and  reduced  to  ordinary 
type,  becomes  — 

«  An.  no.  |  1669. 
Das  ]  Blut.  |  esu  |  Christ.  Gotes  |  Sohn  der  |  ma 

g  |  uns  |  rein  |  von  |  alien  |  Sunden.  | 
Christ  turn  |  1.  baben.  |  ast  |  f.  al  |  bes  ser  | 

den  |  alens.  |  Wassen." 
That  is  :  — 

"  Anno  1669. 

Das  Blut  Jesu  Christi,  Gottes  Sohn,  der  ma- 
cht  uns  rein  von  alien  Sunden.  (See  1  John  i.  7.,  Luther's 

Version.) 

Christum  liebhaben  ist  fiel  besser 
den  aliens  Waschen." 

This,  certainly,  is  not  very  first-rate  German  ; 
but  it  may  be  thus  rendered  :  — 

"  Anno  1669. 

"  The  blood  of  Jesus  Christ,  the  Son  of  God,  makes  us 
clean  from  all  sin. 

"  To  love  Christ  is  better  than  all  washing." 
"Den"  (denn)  is  an  old  Ger.  form  of  "  dann," 


than,  now  "  als" :  just  as  in  old  Eng.  than  was 
occasionally  spelt  then. 

It  seems  very  probable  that  the  spoon  may  have 
been  either  a  baptismal  gift,  or  in  some  way  or 
other  connected  with  the  rite  of  baptism. 

Without  an  opportunity  of  inspecting  the  "head 
with  long  flowing  wig,"  one  can  hardly  venture 
to  conjecture  whom  or  what  it  represents. 

Hone,  in  his  Every  Day  Book,  Jan.  2o.,  de- 
scribes an  old  practice  at  christenings  of  present- 
ing spoons  called  Apostle- spoons,  the  full  number 
being  twelve.  Persons  who  could  not  afford  this 
gave  a  smaller  number,  or  even  a  single  spoon 
with  the  figure  of  the  saint  after  whom  the  child 
was  named,  or  to  whom  the  child  was  dedicated, 
or  who  was  the  patron  saint  of  the  donor. 

THOMAS  BOYS. 

MRS.  MYDDLETON'S  PORTRAIT  (2nd  S.  viii.  377. 
423.)  —  A  highly  respectable  tradesman  of  this 
city  has  in  his  possession  a  portrait  of  Mrs.  Myd- 
dleton.  It  was  originally  in  the  possession  of  the 
late  Sir  Edward  Hales,  Bart.,  of  Hales  Place,  near 
this  city.  It  is  a  half-length,  and  has  every  ap- 
pearance of  being  authentic.  The  lady  wears  a 
pearl  necklace,  and  is  habited  in  a  low  dress  of 
crimson,  with  Avhite  or  yellow.  The  hair  is  in 
small  curls.  JOHN  BRENT,  Jun. 

Canterbury. 

LINGARD'S  "ENGLAND:"  EDINBURGH  AND  QUAR- 
TERLY REVIEWERS  (2nd  S.  viii.  469.)  —  The  two 
articles  on  Dr.  Lingard's  History  of  England,  in 
the  Edinburgh  Review,  were  written  by  John  (not 
TF.)  Allen,  This  is  acknowledged  by  himself  in 
his  "Reply  to  Dr.  Lingard's  Vindication,  in  a 
Letter  to  Francis  Jeffrey,  Esq.,  London,  1827," 
in  these  terms  :  — 

"  I  have  never  made  a  secret  of  my  being  the  author 
of  the  two  articles  in  the  Edinburgh  'Review  on  Dr.  Lin- 
gard's History  of  England" 

In  an  account  of  John  Allen,  published  in 
Knight's  English  Cyclopaedia,  he  is  said  to  have 
taken  a  degree  in  medicine  at  Edinburgh  in  1791. 
In  1795  he  published  "  Illustrations  of  Mr.  Hume's 
Essay  concerning  Liberty  and  Necessity."  Forty- 
one  articles  in  the  Edinburgh  Review  are  attri- 
buted to  him  on  subjects  chiefly  connected  with 
the  British  constitution,  and  with  French  and 
Spanish  history.  The  earliest  article  on  constitu- 
tional subjects  attributed  to  him  is  that  on  the 
Regency  question,  May,  1811.  In  the  number 
for  June,  1816,  he  is  said  to  have  written  an  ela- 
borate essay  on  the  constitution  of  Parliament. 
The  latest  article  which  he  is  supposed  to  have 
contributed  to  the  Review  is  that  on  church  rates, 
October,  1839.  He  wrote  the  "History  of  Europe" 
in  the  Annual  Register  for  1806;  and  in  1820,  a 
"  Biographical  Sketch  of  Mr.  Fox."  In  1830,  he 
published  an  "  Inquiry  into  the  Rise  and  Growth 
of  the  Royal  Prerogative  in  England;"  and  in 


18 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"d  S."  IX.  JAN.  7.  '60. 


1833,  a  "Vindication  of  the  Ancient  Independ- 
ence of  Scotland."  He  died  April  3,  1843.  His 
character  has  been  eloquently  drawn  by  his  friend 
Lord  Brougham,  in  the  third  series  of  the  "  His- 
torical Sketches  of  the  Statesmen  of  the  Time  of 
George  TIL" 

"  A  Reply  to  Dr.  Lingard's  Vindication  of  his 
History  of  England"  as  far  as  respects  Arch- 
bishop Cranmer,  by  the  Rev.  H.  J.  Todd,  appeared 
in  1827. 

The  article  in  the  Quarterly  Review,  vol.  xxxiii., 
on  the  Reformation  in  England,  and  that  in  vol. 
xxxvii.  on  Hallam's  Constitutional  History  of  Eng- 
land, are  ascribed  to  Robert  Southey  by  a  writer 
under  the  signature  of  "  T.  P."  in  the  Gentleman's 
Magazine  for  June,  1844,  p.  579.  'A?ueus. 

HORSE-TALK  (2nd  S.  i.  335.)  —  In  making  this 
Query,  J.  K.,  of  Wandsworth,  Surrey,  assured 
your  readers,  "  It  involves  an  etymological  ques- 
tion of  considerable  interest  to  students  of  the 
legal  and  constitutional  history  of  England, 'as  I 
hope  to  be  able  to  show  in  your  pages  hereafter." 
But,  although  answers  were  received  from  your 
learned  correspondent  F.  C.  H.  (who  anticipated 
•what  I  had  to  say  on  Norfolk  horse  talk),  from 
MR.  STEPHENS,  and  others,  J.  K.  has  not  fulfilled 
his  promise.  I  am  curious  (and  may  I  say) 
somewhat  incredulous  as  to  any  such  results ; 
may  I  therefore  call  upon  him  to  lay  it  before 
your  readers  ?  Let  me  add  a  contribution  to  the 
history  of  horse  talk.  In  "  Robyn  Hode  and  the 
Potter "  (2nd  ballad  in  Ritson)  ocjcurs  the  fol- 
lowing stanza  (lines  113 — 117)  :  — 

"  Thorow  the  help  of  howr  ladej", 
Felowhes,  let  me  alone ; 
Heyt  war  howte,  seyde  Roben, 
To  Notynggam  well  y  gon." 

There  can  be  little  doubt,  I  think,  though 
Ritson  queries  the  meaning  of  "  Heyt  war  howte," 
that  it  was  Robin's  exclamation  to  his  horses, 
when  with  the  potter's  cart  and  horses,  he 

"...  droffe  on  hes  wey 
So  merry  ower  the  londe. 
Heres  mor  and  after  ys  to  save 
The  best  ys  behinde." 

As  some  of  your  readers,  too,  will  say  if  J.  K. 
fulfils  his  promise.  E.  G.  R. 


where  the  enmities  of  twenty  generations  lie  buried,  in 
the  great  Abbey." 

Gag  and  Magog.  The  Giants  in  Guildhall;  their  Real 
and  Legendary  History.  With  an  Account  of  other  Civic 
Giants  at  Home  and  Abroad.  By  F.  VV.  Fairholt,  F.S.A. 
With  Illustrations  by  the  Author.  (Hotten.) 

Mr.  Fairholt  is  a  sound  antiquary,  and  an  accomplished 
artist;  and  in  this  little  volume  his  pen  and  pencil  com- 
bined have  curiously  illustrated  one  of  the  most  interest- 
ing chapters  in  the  social  history  of  the  great  trading 
corporations  of  the  olden  times. 

Government  Examinations  :  being  a  Companion  to  "  Un- 
der Government,"  and  a  Key  to  the  Civil  Service  Examin- 
ations. By  J.  C.  Parkinson.  (Bell  £  Daldy.) 

Mr.  Parkinson's  Under  Government  told  us  pretty  ac- 
curately what  every  situation  under  government  was 
worth,  including  its  prospective  as  well  as  its  immediate 
advantages ;  from  this  "  Companion  "  we  may  learn  all 
the  necessary  qualifications  for  each  office,  and  the  steps 
required  to  obtain  admission  to  the  service  of  the  Crown, 
including  the  most  recent  change  in  each  office. 

Lens's  Extract  Boolt  prepared  for  the  Reception  of  Va- 
rious Scraps  from  Various  Sources,  but  especially  from  the 
Newspapers.  (Letts,  Son,  &  Co.) 

This  is  really  a  capital  idea.  Well  may  the  publisher 
remind  us  how  often  we  have  made  cuttings  of  interest 
•from  newspapers,  and  lost  them  before  we  could  find  a 
fitting  place  for  their  preservation.  This  little  book, 
wfth  its  Index,  supplies  the  want :  and  we  think  many 
readers  of  "  1ST.  £  Q."  will  thank  us  for  drawing  their  at- 
tention to  it. 

We  have  a  few  words  to  say  respecting  some  of  pur 
'  contemporaries.  Fraser  is  quite  up  to  the  mark.  Mr. 
Peacock's  Memoir  of  Shelley  is  extremely  interesting. 
The  Laureate's  Sea  Dreams,  and  Tom  Brown  at  Oxford, 
Chaps.  VII.,  VIII.,  and  IX.,  give  value  to  Maemillan. 
Bentley's  Quarterly  Review  starts  with  a  strong  political 
article,  The  Coming  Political  Campaign,  and  has  another, 
Mill  on  Liberty.  The  paper  on  The  Ordnance  Survey  is 
amusing  and  instructive.  The  same  may  be  said  of  that 
on  Domestic  Architecture.  The  literary  articles  are  four 
in  number,  and  well  varied  —  George  Sand,  Ben  Jonson, 
Modern  English,  and  Greeh  Literature,  and  the  Number, 
which  fully  maintains  the  reputation  which  the  Review 
has  obtained,  concludes  with  a  Biographical  Sketch  of 
The  Earl  of  Dun donald. 


NOTES    ON   BOOKS,   ETC. 

LORD  MACAULAY,  the  brilliant  Orator,  the  exquisite 
Poet,  the  unrivalled  Essayist,  and  the  greatest  Historian 
which  our  age  has  seen,  has  been  added  to  the  list  of  the 
mighty  dead.  Wednesday,  the  28th  of  December,  1859, 
deprived  England  of  him  who  has  in  so  many  ways  shed 
lustre  upon  her  glorious  literature.  Lord  Macaulay  has 
died  full  of  honours,  if  not  of  years,  and  on  Monday  he 
will  be  laid  in  the  "  one  cemetery  only  worthy  to  contain 
his  remains  —  in  that  temple  of  silence  and  reconciliation 


Among  other  articles  of  interest  winch  u-e  have  been  compelled  to  post- 
pone until  next  v/cek,  are  papers  on  The  Gowry  Conspiracy,  The 
Sweeper  of  the  Crossings,  Bazels  of  Baize,  Sea  Breaches,  Suffragan 
Bishop  of  Norwich  ;  tot/ether  with  many  Notes  on  Books,  and  the 
Monthly  Feuilleton  on  French  Literature. 

THE  INDEX  to  t7ic  volume  just  completed  will  be  delivered  with  "N.  & 
Q."  of  the  2lst  instant. 

P.  II.  B.  will  find  in  SJialcspeare's  Coriolanus,  Act  I.  Sc.  3. :  — 
"  He  has  such  a  confirmed  countenance, 
I  saw  him  running  after  a  gilded  butterfly." 

V.  D.  P.  The  Letter  of  Cromwell  to  his  daughter  Bridget  Ireton,  of 
whicli  you  have  kindly  forwarded  us  a  copji,  has  been  printed  by  Carlyle, 
vol.  i.  p.  213,  edition,  1857. 

Heplies  to  other  correspondents  in  our  next. 

EnRATA.  — 2ndS.  viii.  p.  481.  col.  ii.  1. 18.  from  bottom,  for11  Kol- 
rcad  "  Kol-of ;  "  1.  23./or  "  Konsten,"  read  "  Konst-en  ;  "  p.  503.  col.  i 
1.  9.  for  "  Schouwtooned,"  read  "  Schouwtoonech  :  "  1.  12.  for  "s 
tien,"  read  "  statica  ;  "  p.  529.  col.  i.  1.  35.  for  "  fitted,"  read  "filled.' 

"NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is 
iisued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  subscription  for  STAMPKD  COPIES  , 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the.  Publishers  (including  the  Hal 
yearly  INDEX)  is  lls.  4rf.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order 
favour  of  MESSRS.  BELL  AND  D  AID  Y,  188.  FLEET  STREET,  E,C.;  to  K'~ 
!  aU  COMMUNICATIONS  KOR  THS  EDITOR  shmrfd  be  addressed. 


2nd  S.  IX.  JAN.  7.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


WESTERN    LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 
ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1843. 

Directors. 

H.  E.  Bieknell.Esq.  E.  Lucas,  Esq. 

T.  S.  Cocks,  Eaq.  F.  B.  Marson,  Esq. 

G.  H.  Drew,  Esq.  M.A.  A.  Rooinscn,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman, Esq.  J-  £.  3eager,Esq. 

F.  Fuller.Esq.  J.  B.  White, Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq. 

Physician — W.  R.  Basharn,  M.D. 

Hankers.  — 'Meant.  Cocks,  Biddulph.and  Co. 

Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  this  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  paying  a  Premium,  as  permission  is  given  upon   « 
application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  the  con- 
ditions detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 
LOANS  from  100Z.  to  500/.  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 

"  eAttent'icn  is  also  invited  to  t^e  rates  of  annuity  granted  to  .old  lives, 
for  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 
Example :  iOOJ.  cash  paid  down  purchases— An  annuity  of — 


A/7 

\jtvt 


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t  Octavo  Volume,  cloth,  is  provided  with  a  printed 
INDKX  to  receive  those  valuable  Scraps  which  now 
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A  CHROMATIC      MICROSCOPES.  —  SMITH, 

BECK  &  BECK,  MANUFACTURING  OPTICIANS,  6.  Cole- 


10   4    c  to  a  male  life  aged  60) 

12  3    1  „  65 1  Payable  as  long 
14  16   3                ..  7<M     as  he  is  alive. 

13  11  10 


W 


Now  ready,  10th  Edition,  price  /v.  Gd.,  of 

MR.     SCRATCHLEY'S     MANUAL,     on 

FRIENDLY  SOCIETIES,  with  RULES,  TABLES,  and  Jin  EXPO- 

SITION of  the  TRUE  LAW  OF  SICKNESS. 

SHAW  &  SONS,  Fetter  Lane  ;  and  LAYTONS,  150.  Fleet  Street,  E.C. 


LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  LONDON, 
S.W.  • 


The  Funds  or  Property  of  the  Company  as  at  3\st  Decem- 
ber, 1858,  amounted  to  652/.I3/.  3s.  10eZ.,  invested  in 
Government  or  other  approved  securities. 

THE  HON.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  ESQ.,  Deputy-Chairman. 

INVALID  LIVES.  _  Persons  not  in  sound  health  may  have  their 
lives  insured  at  equitable  rates. 

ACCOMMODATION  1^  PAYMENT  OF  PREMIUMS.-  Only,  one- 
half  of  the  Annual  Premium,  when  the  Insurance  is  for  life,  is 
required  to  be  paid  for  the  first  five  years,  simple  interest  being 
charged  on  the  balance.  Such  arrangement  is  equivalent  TO  AN 

IMMEDIATE   ADVANCE    OF  50   PER   CENT.   UPON    THE    ANNUAL   PREMIUM, 

without  the  borrower  having  recourse  to  the  unpleasant  neces- 
sity of  procuring  Sureties,  or  assigning  and  thereby  parting  with  his 
Policy,  during  the  currency  of  the  Loan,  irrespective  of  the  great 
attendant  expenses  in  such  arrangements. 

The  above  mode  of  insurance  has  been  found  most  advantageous 
when  Policies  have  been  required  to  cover  monetary  transac- 
tions, or  when  incomes  applicable  for  Insurance  are  at  present 
limited,  as  it  only  necessitates  half  the  outlay  formerly  required 
by  other  Companies  before  the  present  system  was  instituted  by 
this  Office. 

LOANS  —  are  granted  likewise  on  real  and  personal  Securities. 

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to  the  Resident  Director, 

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By  order, 

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NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


S.  IX.  JAN.  14.  '60. 


THE 


ARCHITECTURAL    PHOTOGRAPHIC 
ASSOCIATION.    ' 

9.  CONDUIT   STREET,  W. 


President. 
WILLIAM  TITE,  Esq.,  M.P.,  F.R.S. 

Trustees. 

SYDNEY  SMIRKE,  Esq.,  R.A. 
WILLIAM  TITE,  Esq.,  M.P.,  F.R.S. 

Treasurer. 

EDWARD  I'ANSON,  Esq.,  9.  Laurence  Pountney  Lane,  B.C. 
Committee. 


George  Aitchison.  Jun.,  Esq. 
Arthur  Ashpitel,  Esq.,  F.S.A. 
William  Burses,  Esq. 

E.  N.  Clifton,  E 

F.  P.  Cockerell, 
Benjamin  Ferrey,  Esq. 
Charles  Fowler,  Jun., 
H.  B.  Garling,  Esq. 
Octavius  Hansard,  Esq. 
Charles  Forster  Hayward,  Esq. 
Robert  Hesketh,  Esq. 

T.  Hayter  Lewis,  Esq. 
J.  M.  Lockyer,  Esq. 


George  Mair,  Esq.,  F.S.A. 

George  Morgan,  Esq. 

Chas.  C.  Nelson,  Esq.,  Hon.  Sec. 

R.  I.  B.  A. 
John  Norton,  Esq. 
F.  C.  Penrose,  Esq.,  M.A. 
George  Gilbert  Scott,  Esq.,  A.R.A. 


G.  E.  Street,  Esq. 
J.  P.  St. . 


.  Aubyn,  Esq. 

C.  B.  Thurston,  Esq.,  B.A.,  F.S.A. 
J.  Whichcord,  Esq.,  F.S.A. 
M.  Digby  Wyatt,  Esq.,  F.S.A. 


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Honorary  Secretary. 
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Curator. 
Mr.  Henry  Moody. 

Bankers. 
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The  Annual  Exhibition  of  Photographs  will  this  Year  be  held  at  the 
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Regent  Street,  W.,  during  February  and  the  early  part  of  March,  1860. 
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r 

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Rev.  Hugh  M'Neile,  D.D. 


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ILLUSTRATIVE   OP    THE  LIFE    OF 

SIR  PETER  PAUL   RUBENS. 

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Collection  of  Pictures  formed  by  Robert  Carr,  Earl  of  Somerset ; 
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First ;  and  also  m  relation  to  the  Artists  and  Patrons  of  Art  of 
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NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


THE      AT'HEWJIUM. 

XHE  attention  of  the  Proprietors  has  been  directed 
to  the  inconvenience  caused  by  the  increasing  bulk  of  the  yearly 
umes     It  has  been  represented  to  them  that  when  the  ATHE- 
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whilst  now  it  has  increased  to  double  that  number.    The  Proprietors 
hw therefore  resolvecl  that  the  ATHENAEUM    shall,  in  future  be 
paged  in  half-yearly  volumes,  and  an  enlarged  Index  given  with  each 
volume  in  January  and  July. 

Every  Saturday,  price  Fourpence,  of  any  Bookseller, 

THE     ATHEN^UM, 

JOURNAL  or  LITERATURE,  SCIENCE,  AND  ART; 

(Stamped  to  go  Free  by  Poet,  5d.)  contains  :  _ 

Reviews,  with  Extracts,  of  every  important  New  Eng- 
lish Book,  and  of  the  more  important  Foreign  Works. 

Reports  of  the  Proceedings  of  the  Learned  Societies, 
with  Abstracts  of  Papers  of  Interest. 

Authentic  Accounts  of  Scientific  Voyages  and  Ex- 
peditions. 

Foreign  Correspondence  on  Subjects  relating  to 
Literature,  Science,  and  Art. 

Criticisms  on  Art,  with  Critical  Notices  of  Exhibi- 
tions, Picture  Collections,  New  Prints,  &c. 

Music  and  Drama,  including  Reports  on  the  Opera, 
Concerts,  Theatres,  New  Music,  &c. 

Biographical  Notices  of  Men  distinguished  in  Li- 
terature, Science,  and  Art. 

Original  Papers  and  Poems. 

"Weekly  Gossip. 

Miscellanea,  including  all  that  is  likely  to  interest  the 


informed. 


THE  ATHEKTJE1TM 


is  so  conducted  that  the  reader,  however  distant,  is,  in  respect  to 
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the  Original  MS.  in  the  Brit.  Mus.    Edited  by  CHARLES  EDWARD 
LONG,  M.A. 

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II.  NARRATIVES  OF  THE  DAYS  OF  THE  REFORMATION, 
and  the  Contemporary  Biographies  of  Archbishop  Cranmer  :  selected 
from  the  Papers  of  John  Foxe  the  Martyrologist.    Edited  by  JOHN 
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NOTES    AND    QUERIES: 


of 


LITERARY  MEN,  ARTISTS,  ANTIQUARIES, 

GENEALOGISTS,  ETC. 
.  Price  4rf.  unstamped  ;  or  5d.  stamped. 


CONTENTS  OF  No.  210.  —  JANUARY  ?TH. 

NOTES:— The  Bonasus,  the  Bison,  and  the  Bubalus  — 
The  Beffana,  an  Italian  Twelfth  Night  Custom  — The 
Aldine  Aratus —  Bankrupts  during  the  Reign  of  Elizabeth 

—  The   King's    Scutcheon— Alexander   of  Abonoteichos 
and  Joseph  Smith  —  Peele's  "  Edward  I." 

MINOR  NOTES:  — Sir  Isaac  Newton  on  the  Longitude  — 
Relics  of  Archbishop  Leighton  — Longevity  of  Clerical  In- 
cumbents—Carthaginian Building  Materials  —  Swift's 
Cottage  at  Moor  Park. 

QUERIES :  —  Rev.  Thomas  Bayes,  &c.  —  The  Throw  for  Life 
or  Death— An  Excellent  Example:  Portrait  of  Richard 
II.  — Peppercomb  — Oliver  Goldsmith— Memorial  of  a 
"Witch  —  Yoftregere  —  Crispin  Tucker  —  The  Pour  Fools 
of  the  Mumbles  —  Cleaning  a  "Watch  on  the  Summit  of 
Salisbury  Spire — Accident  on  the  Medway  —  Temple  Bar 
Queries  —  Translations  mentioned  by  Moore  —  Bishop 
preaching  to  April  Pools  —  The  Yea-and-Nay  Academy  of 
Compliments— Ballad  of  the  Gunpowder  Treason— Dis- 
possessed Priors  and  Prioresses  — Supervisor— America 
known  to  the  Chinese,  &c. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :—  A  Case  for  the  Spectacles  — 
"  Trepasser : "  to  die  —  Life  of  Lord  Clive  —  "  A  propos  de 
bottes  "  —  "  The  Ragman's  Roll "  —  Claude,  Pictures  by. 

REPLIES:— Watson,  Home,  and  Jones— George  Gas- 
coigne  the  Poet  —  Barony  of  Broughton :  Remarkable 
Trial  — Bocardo  —  Horse-talk—Claudius  Gilbert  —  He- 
raldic Drawings  and  Engravings  —  Three  Churchwardens 

—  Notes  on  Regiments  —  Rev.  "William  Dunkin,  D.D.  —  Sir 
Peter  Gleane  —  Spoon  Inscription  —  Mrs.  Myddleton's 
Portrait  — Lingard's  "England:"  Edinburgh  and  Quar- 
terly Reviewers.      , 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 

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Second  Series,  Vols.  I.  to  VII.,  37.  13*.  6d.  cloth  »  and 

General  Index  to  First  Series,  price  5a.  cloth,  bds.  may  still  be  had . 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


S.  IX.  JAN.  14.  '60. 


COMPLETION 

NICHOLS'S  LITERARY  ANECDOTES 

AND 

ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  LITERATURE 

OF   THE 

EIGHTEENTH    CENTURY. 

IN  SEVENTEEN   VOLUMES  OCTAVO, 


This  Day  is  published,  with  Seven  Plates,  price  1Z.  Is., 

The  EIGHTH  VOLUME  of  LITERARY  ILLUSTRATIONS, 
containing  :  —  I.  Memoir  of  John  Nichols,  Esq.,F.S.A.,  by  Alexander 
Chalmers,  F.S.A.  _  Visit  to  an  Octogenarian,  by  Dr.  Dibdin.  _  Letters 
of  Condolence  on  Mr.  Nichols's  Death,  with  notices  of  the  writers  :  Bp. 
Law,  Bp.  Burgess,  Dean  Rennell,  Sir  W.  Betham,  M.  Bland,  Esq.,  Dr. 
Bliss,  J.  Britton,  J.  Brown,  Rev.  Weeden  Butler,  J.  Caley,  Esq.,  A. 
Chalmers,  F.S.A.,  Dr.  Dibdin,  F.S.A.,  I.  D'Israeli,  Esq.,  William  T. 
Fitz-Gerald,  Esq.,  D.  Gilbert,  Esq.,Pres.  R.A.,  W.  Hamper,  L.  Han- 
sard, Esq.,  Dr.  Maton,  Sir  Harris  Nicolas,  and  Archdeacon  Wrangham. 

—  Letters  of  Sir  Walter  Scott  to  Mr.  Nichols. 

II.  Correspondence  of  Dr.  Percy,  Bishop  of  Dromore,  with  Andrew 
Caldwell,  Esq.,  Mr.  John  Pinkerton,  Dr.  Ducarel,  Dr.  Pegge,  R.  Gough, 
Earl  of  Hardwicke,  J.  Bowie,  T.  Warton,  Dr.  Farmer,  Bp.  Porteus,  T. 
Maurice,  R.  Cumberland,  C.  Cracherode,  Dr.  T.  Nash,  Lord  Stowell, 
Sir  J.  Reynolds,  Bp.  Barrington,  Bp.  Lowth,  T.  J.  Mathias,  T.  Tyr- 
whitt,  Sir  Boyle  Roche,  Sir  J.  Banks,  Bp.  Douglas,  Lord  Hailes,  Horace 
Walpole,  Mrs.  Piozzi,  Isaac  Reed,  and  many  others. 

III.  ADDITIONS   and  CORRECTIONS  to  the  LITERARY  ANECDOTES   and 
ILLUSTRATIONS  Of  the  LITERATURE  of  the  EIGHTEENTH  CENTURY,  with 
NUMEROUS  BIOGRAPHICAL  NOTICES. 

Among  the  AUTHORS,  ARTISTS,  and  LEARNED  MEN  noticed,  are  :  — 
G.  Basevi,  Mrs.  E.  Berkeley,  W.  L.  Bowles,  W.  Bray,  Rev.  G.  Butler, 
E.  Capell,  Dr.  J.  Carr,  A.  Chalmers,  G.  Chalmers,  J.  Cradock,  Sir  H. 
Croft,  P.  Cunningham,  I.  D'Israe?  i,  F.  Douce,  T.  Fisher,  Forster  Family, 
T.  D.  Fosbroke,  Goodenough  Family,  Dr.  Goldsmith,  R.  Gough,  J. 
Gutch,  J.  Haslewood,  J.  T.  Hawkins,  W.  Hayes,  A.  Highmore,  Sir  R. 
C.  Hoare,  J.  Holt,  Sir  R.  H.  Inglis,  S.  Ireland,  W.  Langton,  G.  H.  Locker, 
E.  Malone,  T.  Maurice,  Sir  S.  Meyrick,  Dr.  Napleton,  Sir  Isaac  Newton, 
J.  Nicol,  S.  Pegge,  T.  Pennant,  R.  Polwhele,  J.  Pridden,  T.  Rackett, 
J.  Gage-Rokewode,  J.  Schnebbelie,  J.  T.  Smith,  Tattersall  Family, 
Jon.  Toup,  W.  Turner,  R.A.,  Mrs.  Jane  West,  Dr.  T.  D.  Whitaker, 
Bishop  Watson,  Dr.  R.  Yates. 

Also  the  BOOKSELLERS,  PRINTERS,  LETTER  FOUNDERS,  and  STATIONERS 
of  the  EIGHTEENTH  CENTURY. 

IV.  LITERARY  CORRESPONDENCE  —  including  Letters  of  W.  Bowyer, 

—  Ames,  N.  Bowman,  Dr.  Farmer,  Forster  Family,  W.  Mason  the 
Poet,  Baron  Maseres,  Bp.  Percy,  H.  Taylor,  Bp.  Warburtou,  T.  Warton 
the  Poet,  Rev.  J.  Whitaker. 

V.  Characters  of  his  Contemporaries,  by  the  Rev.  WILLIAM  COLE. 
VI.  General  Indexes  to  the  Eight  Volumes  of"  Literary  Illustrations." 


The  following  portions  of  the  Two  Works  are  still  on  Sale  :  — 

LITERARY   ANECDOTES,   Vol.  VI1L,    21s. ;    Vol.    IX.   and 
Index  II.,  30s. 

LITERARY  ILLUSTRATIONS,  Seven  Vols.,  71.  7s. ;  Vols.  VII. 
and  VIII.  containing  the  Percy  Correspondence  and  Indexes,  21.  2s. 

NICHOLS  &  SONS,  25.  Parliament  Street. 


NOW  READY,  PRICE  SIX  SHILLINGS. 

SERMONS 

PREACHED   IN   WESTMINSTER: 

BY    THE 

REV.  C.  F.  SECRETAN, 

Incumbent  of  Holy  Trinity,  Vauxhall  Bridge  Road. 
The  Profits  will  be  given  to  the  Building  Fund  of  the  West- 
minster and  Pimlico   Church  of  England   Commercial 
School. 

CONTENTS : 


I.  The  Wa 
II.  The    Woman 


taken     in 


III.  The  Two  Records  of  Crea- 

tion. 

IV.  The  Fall  and  the  Repent- 

ance of  Peter. 
V.  The  Good  Daughter. 
VI.  The  Convenient  Season. 
VII.  The  Death  of  the  Martyrs. 
VIII.  God  is  Love. 

IX.  St.   Paul's   Thorn  in  the 

Flesh. 
X.  Evil  Thoughts. 


XI.  Sins  of  the  Tongue. 
XII.  Youth  and  Age. 

XIII.  Christ  our  Rest. 

XIV.  The  Slavery  of  Sin. 
XV.  The  Sleep  of  Death. 

XVI.  David's  Sin  our  Warning. 
XVII.  The  Story  of  St.  John. 
XVIII.  The  Worship  of  the  Sera- 
phim. 
XIX.  Joseph  an  Example  to  the 

Young. 

XX.  Home  Religion . 
XXI.  The.  Latin  Service  of  the 
Romish  Church. 


"  Mr.  Secretan  is  a  pains-taking  writer  of  practical  theology.  Called 
to  minister  to  an  intelligent  middle-class  London  congregation,  he  hag 
to  avoid  the  temptation  to  appear  abstrusely  intellectual,— a  great  error 
with  many  London  preachers,— and  at  the  same  time  to  rise  above  the 
strictly  plain  sermon  required  by  an  unlettered  flock  in  the  country. 
He  has  hit  the  mean  with  complete  success,  and  produced  a  volume 
which  will  be  readily  bought  by  those  who  are  in  search  of  sermons  for 
family  reading.  Out  of  twenty-one  discoufses  it  is  almost  impossible 
to  give  an  extract  which  would  show  the  quality  of  the  rest,  but  while 
we  commend  them  as  a  whole,  we  desire  to  mention  with  especial  re- 
spect one  on.  the  '  Two  Records  of  Creation,'  in  which  the  vexata 
qucestio  of  '  Geology  and  Genesis  '  is  stated  with  great  perspicuity  and 
faithfulness;  another  on  *  Home  Religion,'  in  which  the  duty  of  the 
Christian  to  labour  for  the  salvation  of  his  relatives  and  friends  is 
strongly  enforced,  and  one  on  the '  Latin  Service  in  the  Romish  Church,' 
which  though  an  argumentative  sermon  on  a  point  of  controversy,  is 
perfectly  free  from  a  controversial  spirit,  and  treats  the  subject  with 
great  fairness  and  ability."— Literary  Churchman. 

"  This  volume  bears  evidence  of  no  small  ability  to  recommend  it  to 
our  readers.  It  is  characterised  by  a  liberality  and  breadth  of  thought 
which  might  be  copied  with  advantage  by  many  of  the  author's  bre- 
thren, while  the  language  is  nervous,  racy  Saxon.  In  Mr.  Secretan's 
sermons  there  are  genuine  touches  of  feeling  and  pathos  which  are  im- 
pressive and  affecting ;  —  notably  in  those  on  '  the  Woman  taken  in 
Adultery,'  and  on  '  Youth  and  Age.'  On  the  whole,  in  the  light  of  a 
contribution  to  sterling  English  literature,  Mr.  Secretan's  sermons  are 
worthy  of  our  commendation."—  Globe. 

"  The  sermons  are  remarkable  for  their  'unadorned  eloquence'  and 
their  pure,  nervous  Saxon  sentences,  which  make  them  intelligible  to 
the  poorest,  and  pleasing  to  the  most  fastidious.  .  .  .  There  are  two 
wherein  Mr.  Secretan  displays  not  only  eloquence  but  learning—that  on 
the  Mosaic  account  of  the  creation  as  reconcilable  with  the  revelations 
of  geological  science,  and  that  on  the  Latin  service  of  the  Romish 
Church  —  both  showing  liberality,  manliness,  and  good  sense."  — 
Morning  Chronicle. 

"  Mr.  Secretan  is  no  undistinguished  man  :  he  attained  a  considerable 
position  at  Oxford,  and  he  is  well  known  in  Westminster— where  he  has 
worked  for  many  years  — no  less  as  an  indefatigable  and  self-denying 
clergyman  than  as  an  effective  preacher.  These  sermons  are  extremely 
plain  — simple  and  pre-eminently  practical-  intelligible  to  the  poorest, 
while  theje  runs  through  them  a  poetical  spirit  and  many  touches  of 
the  highest  pathos  which  must  attract  intellectual  minds."  —  Weekly 
Mail. 

"  They  are  earnest,  thoughtful,  and  practical  _  of  moderate  length 
and  well  adapted  for  f&milies."— English  Churchman. 

"  Practical  subjects,  treated  in  an  earnest  and  sensible  manner,  give 
Mr.  C.  F.  Secretan's  Sermons  preached  in  Westminster  a  higher  value 
than  such  volumes  in  general  possess.  It  deserves  success."—  Guardian. 

London:  BELL  &  DALDY,  186.  Fleet  Street,  B.C. 


New  Edition,  8vo.,  cloth,  10s.  6d., 

IIEA  ITTEPOENTA  ;  or,  The  Diversions  of  Purley. 

By  JOHN  HORNE  TOOKE.  With  numerous  Additions  from 
the  Copy  prepared  by  the  Author  for  Republication.  To  which  is  an- 
nexed his  Letter  to  JOHN  DUNNING,  Esq.  Revised  and  corrected, 
with  additional  Notes,  by  RICHARD  TAYLOR,  F.S.A.,  F.L.S. 

London  :  WILLIAM  TEGG,  85.  Queen  Street,  Cheapside,  E.G. 

In  4  thick  Vols.  8vo.,  illustrated  with  730  Engravings,  and  a  Portrait  of 
the  Author.    Price  II.  Hs.  cloth. 

ONE'S  YEAR  BOOK,  EVERY  DAY  BOOK, 

AND  TABLE  BOOK. 

***  This  work  has  been  thoroughly  corrected,  and  all  the  plates  re- 
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numerous  wood-blocks. 

London  :  WILLIAM  TEGG,  85.  Queen  Street,  Cheapeide,  B.C. 


E 


H 


S.  IX.  JAN.  14.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEMES. 


19 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JANUARY  14,  18GO. 


N».  211.— CONTENTS. 

NOTES: —  The  Gowry  Conspiracy,  19  —  The  Crossing 
Sweeper,  20  — The  Graffiti  of  Pompeii,  21  — A  Difficult 
Problem  solved  during  Sleep,  22. 

MINOR  NOTES  :  —Notes  on  Regiments —The  Stuart  Papers 
—  Writers  who  have  been  bribed  to  Silence  —  Child  saved 
by  a  Dog  —  Use  of  the  Word  "  Sack,"  23. 

QUERIES:— MS.  Poems  by  Burns,  24— Bazels  of  Baize, 
--,__  A  Question  in  Logic— Quotation  Wanted  —  Electric 


mation  —  Metrical     

Tracton  —  Orlers's  Account  of  Leyden—  Fafelty  Clough  — 
Stakes  fastened  together  with  Lead  as  a  Defence  — Ex- 
traordinary Custom  at  a  Wedding  —  Sepulchral  Slabs  and 
Crosses  —  Sir  Mark  Kennaway,  27. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS:  — Eikon  Basilica:  Picture  of 
Charles  I.  — Taylor  the  Platonist  — To  fly  in  the  Air- 
Boiled— Anglo-Saxon  Literature  — The  Coan  —  "  Parlia- 
mentary Portraits,"  27. 

REPLIES:— Anne  Pole,  29  —  Sea-breaches,  30  — The  "Te 
Deum  "  Interpolated  ?  31  —  The  Suffragan  Bishop  of  Ips- 
wich, 32  — Translations  mentioned  by  Moore— Claudius 
Gilbert  —  John  Gilpin  —  Note  about  the  Records,  temp. 
Edward  III.  —  The  Prussian  Iron  Medal  —  Lodovico 
Sforza  —  Misprint  in  Seventh  Commandment  —  MS.  News 
Letters  —  Derivation  of  Hawker  —  Sending  Jteck  after 
Yes,  &c.,  33. 

Monthly  Feuilleton  on  French  Books,  &c. 


THE  GOWRY  CONSPIRACY. 

We  have  in  the  State  Paper  Office  some  con- 
temporary letters,  apparently  partly  official  and 
partly  private,  which  contain  a  good  deal  of  in- 
formation about  the  curious  and  inexplicable  con- 
spiracy of  the  Earl  of  Gowry. 

Foremost  amongst  the  writers  is  Mr.  George 
Nicholson,  who  was  in  Edinburgh  when  the  plot 
was  discovered,  and  who  writes  from  that  city  on 
the  6th  of  August,  1 600,  to  Sir  Robert  Cecil, 
Secretary  of  State.  He  gives  us  a  long  account 
of  the  different  circumstances  attending  the  exe- 
cution of  the  plot,  both  before  the  King  arrived  at 
Gowry's  House,  and  after,  when  the  Master  made 
his  attack  upon  him ;  his  information  being  evi- 
dently taken  from  the  report  first  current  in 
Edinburgh,  and  which  was  doubtless  circulated 
by  the  Council.  His  letter  is  interesting  and  mi- 
nute. I  give  it  nearly  verbatim  as  far  as  relates 
to  Gowry,  omitting  here  and  there  a  few  words  : — 

"  It  may  please  your  Honour, 

"  This  day  morning,  at  9  hours,  the  King  wrote  to  the 
Chancellor's  Secretary  and  to  others,  and  to  one  of  the 

Kirk and  the  King's  Secretary  told  me,  That 

yesterday  the  Earl  of  Gowry  sent  the  Master  his  Brother, 
Mr.  Alexander  Kuthven,  to  the  King,  hunting  in  Falk- 
land Park  [and  told  him],  that  his  Brother  the  Earl  had 
found  in  an  old  Tower  in  his  house  at  St.  Johnston's  a 
great  Treasure,  to  help  the  King's  service  with,  which  he 
said  his  Brother  would  fain  have  the  King  go  to  see 


quickly  that  day:  Whereon,  after  the  King  had  hunted 
a  while,  and  taken  a  drink,  he  took  fresh  horse,  and  dis- 
charged his  Company,  with  the  t)uke  (of  Lennox)  and 
the  Earl  of  Mar,  then  in  company  with  him,  and  taking 
only  a  servant  with  him,  rode  with  the  Master.  The 
Duke  (of  Lennox)  and  the  Earl  of  Mar  though  yet  fol- 
lowed, and  the  King  met  by  the  way  the  Lord  of  Inchaf- 
fray,  who  also  rode  with  him  to  St.  Johnston's,  where 
the  King  coming,  the  Earl  meeting  him  carried  him  into 
his  house,  and  gave  him  a  good  dinner,  and  afterwards 
went  to  dinner  with  the  rest  of  the  Company.  The 
Master,  in  the  mean  time  of  their  dinner,  persuaded  the 
King  to  go  with  him  quietly  to  see  it  (the  Treasure),  and, 
the  King  discharging  his  Company  from  following,  went 
with  the  Master  from  staith  to  staith,  and  chamber  to 
chamber,  looking  for  it,  the  lords  behind  him,  until  he 
came  to  a  chamber  where  a  man  was,  whom  the  King 
thought  was  the  man  that  kept  the  Treasure. 

"  Then  the  Master  caught  hold  on  the  King,  and  drew 
his  dagger,  saying  he  (the  King)  had  killed  his  Father 
and  he  would  kill  him.  The  King  with  good  words  and 
measures,  struggled  to  dissuade  him,  saying  he  was 
young  when  his  father,  and  divers  other  honest  men, 
were  executed;  that  he  was  innocent  thereof;  that  he 
had  restored  his  Brother,  and  made  him  greater  than  he 
(ever)  was;  that  if  he  killed  him  (the  King),  he  would 
not  escape  nor  be  his  heir.  That  he  presumed  Master 
Alexander  had  learned  more  divinity  than  to  kill  his 
prince,  assuring  him  and  faithfully  promising  him  that  if 
he  would  leave  off  his  enterprize  he  would  forgive  him 
and  keep  it  secret,  as  a  matter  attempted  upon  beat  and 
rashness  onely.  To  this  the  Master  replied :  « What  he 
was  preaching  that  should  not  help  him,  He  should 
dye.'  And  that  therewith  he  struck  at  the  King,  and 
the  King  and  he  both  fell  to  the  ground.  The  Master 
then  called  to  the  man  there  present  to  kill  the  King : 
the  man  answered  he  had  neither  heart  or  hand.  And 
yet  he  is  a  very  courageous  man.  The  King  having  no 
dagger,  but  in  his  hunting  clothes  with  his  horn,  yet  de- 
fended himself  from  the  Master ;  and,  in  struggling,  gqt 
to  the  window,  where  he  cried  '  Treason,'  which  Sir  Thp. 
Erskine,  John  Ramsey,  and  Doctor  Harris  hearing,  ra.n 
up  after  the  King,  but  found  the  door  shut  as  they  could 
not  pass.  Sir  John  Ramsey  knowing  another  way,  got 
up,  and  in  to  the  King,  who  cryed  to  John  he  was  slain : 
whereon  John  out  with  his  rapier,  and  killed  the  Master, 
In  the  mean  time  the  Earl  of  Gowry  told  the  Duke  and 
the  rest  that  the  King  was  gone  away  out  at  a  back 
gate,  and  they  ran  out,  and  Gowry  with" them ;  but  miss- 
ing him,  the  Earl  said  he  wold  go  back  and  see  where 
the  King  was.  The  Earl  took  with  him, a  steel  Bonnet 
and  two  Rapiers,  and  ran  up  the  stairs.  Sir  John  Ram- 
sey meeting  him  with  drawn  swords,  Sir  Thomas  Erskin 
and  Docter  Harris  being  then  come  to  join,  after  sundry 
strokes  in  and  killed  the  Earl ;  Sir  Thomas  being  hurt, 
and  Docter  Harris  mutilated  and  wanting  two  fingers, 
[During]  this  stir  The  Townsmen,  and  Gowry's  friends 
in  evil,  appearing,  said  they  would  have  account  where 
the  Earl  was  ....  and  to  pacify  them  the  Duke  and 
Earl  of  Mar  were  sent  to  the  Magistrates,  and  so  quieted, 
[and]  the  King  and  his  Company  got  away.  The  King 
thanking  God  for  his  deliverance.  Yesternight  he 
knighted,  as  I  hear,  John  Ramsey  and  Docter  Harris, 
but  the  Secretary  told  it  not  me. 

"  Upon  this,  letters  came  from  the  Courts,  the  whole 
Counsell  here  (at  Edinburgh)  convened,  and  in,  and  at 
one  of  the  clock  rose  and  came  all  to  the  Market  Cross; 
and  there,  by  sound  of  trumpets,  intimated,  but  in 
brief,  the  happy  Escape  of  the  King ;  and  then  in,  and 
,  ,  .  .  made  (order)  jn  Council  for  the  people  to  thank 
God  for  it,  and  in  joy  thereof  to  ring  bejls  and  build 
bonfires,  Mr-  David  Lindsave,  standing  at  the 


20 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«d  S.  IX.  JAN.  14.  '60. 


made  a  pithy  and  fit  exhortation  to  the  people  to  pray 
God  for  it ;  and  therewith  he  prayed  and  praised  God  for 
the  same,  the  whole  Counsel  on  their  knees  on  the  Cross, 
and  the  whole  people  in  the  streets  in  like  sort.  The 
bells  are  yet  ringing,  the  youths  of  the  town  gone  out.  to 
skirmish  for  joy,  and  bonfires  are  to  be  built  at  night. 

"  The  Council  go  this  tyde  over  to  the  King  for  further 
deliberation  in  this  matter.  The  King  at  his  return  to 
Falklands  quickly  caused  [to  be]  thrust  out  of  the 

house  from  the  Queen,  Gowry's  two  sisters and 

swore  to  root  out  the  whole  house  and  name. 

"  Upon  the  Convening  of  the  Council,  the  Ports  of  the 
Towne  were  shut  for  apprehending  Gowry's  other  bro- 
thers, and  the  lands  are  to  be  given  to  these  new  knights 
and  others. 

"  Tins  is  the  information  and  report  come  here  by  the 
Proclamation,  which  some  yet  doubt  to  be  fully  so. 

"  Gowry's  Secretary  is  taken,  and  matters  hoped  to  be 
discovered,  by  him. 

"  Your  honors 

"  Humbly  at  Comandment, 

"  GEO.  NICOLSON." 

The  improbabilities  of  this  story  even  then,  it 
appears,  were  apparent,  and  the  people  seem  to 
have  doubted  the  truth  of  it  from  the  first.  In 
another  letter,  dated  the  llth  of  August,  also 
written  to  Cecil,  and  by  Nicholson,  we  are  told 
farther :  — 

"  The  Doubt  of  the  truth  thereof  still  increaseth  ex- 
ceedingly ;  and  unless  the  King  takes  some  of  the  Con- 
spirators, and  gives  them  out  of  his  hands  to  the  Town 
and  Ministers  to  be  tried  and  examined  for  the  confess- 
ing and  clearing  of  the  matter  to  them  and  the  people, 
upon  the  scaffold  at  their  execution,  a  hard  and  danger- 
ous contempt  will  arise  and  remain  in  the  hearts  of  the 
people,  and  of  great  ones,  of  him  and  his  dealings  in  this 
matter.  For  it  is  begun  to  be  known  that  the  Report 
coming  from  the  King  differs.  That  the  man  that  should 
have  been  in  the  Chamber  for  killing  the  King,  should 
be  able,  and  yet  without  heart  or  hand,  should  have 
many  names,  and  yet  that  no  such  man  should  be  taken, 
or  known  or  judged  to  be"  (exist). 

In  a  letter  of  a  later  date  (August  14th),  we 
have  a  minute  account  of  the  proceedings  that 
subsequently  took  place  at  the  Cross.  This  Gowry 
conspiracy  must  have  caused  James  much  humili- 
ation :  — 

"  On  Monday  the  King  came  over  the  water  to  Leith, 
then  he  went  to  the  Kirk,  heard  Mr.  David  Lyndsay 
make  a  pithy  exhortation  to  him  to  do  justice  to  his  de- 
liverance, and  afterwards  the  King  came  up  to  this 
town  (Edinburgh) ;  and  at  the  very  Market  Cross  here, 
Mr.  Galloway,  his  Minister,  making  Declaration  of  the 
matter,  and  taking  upon  his  soul  and  conscience  that  it 
was  cruel  murder  intended  by  Gowry  against  the  King, 
The  King  then,  in  the  same  place  where  the  Officers 
make  their  Proclamations,  confirmed  what  Mr.  Patrick 
(Galloway)  had  said,  and  with  exceeding  wonderful  pro- 
testations vowed  to  do,  and  to  do  justice  without  solici- 
tation of  Courtiers." 

We  have,  besides  these  two  letters,  some  far- 
ther account  from  the  same  individual.  In  a 
letter  to  Cecil  of  the  21st  of  August  he  says :  — 

"  The  more  the  King  dealeth  in  this  matter,  the  greater 
doth  the  doubts  rise  with  the  people  what  is  the  truth. 
Mr.  John  Rind,  the  Pedagogue,  has  been  extremely 
booted,  but  confesseth  nothing  of  that  matter  against  the 


Earl  or  his  Brother.  Neither  do  Mr.  Thomas  Cranston 
or  George  Cragengelt  confess  anything  to  argue  any 
matter  or  intent  in  the  Earl  (as  I  heard).  These  men 
have  protested  the  same  very  deeply,  and  that  in  case 
torture  make  them  say  otherwise,  it  is  not  true  or  to  be 
trusted.  Already  the  Hangman  of  this  Town  is  sent  for 
and  gone  to  the  King,  to  execute  some  or  all  of  them." 

W.  0.  W. 


THE  CROSSING  SWEEPER. 

I  have  more  than  once  heard  the  following  very 
remarkable  story  from  a  venerable  friend  who 
was,  rather  more  than  twenty  years  ago,  one  of 
the  principal  members  of  my  congregation ;  who 
had  himself  heard  it  from  the  gentleman  to  whom 
the  incident  happened,  and  who  was  his  highly 
respected  personal  friend.  Its  substantial  truth 
may,  therefore,  be  confidently  relied  on ;  while  its 
remarkable  character  seems  to  make  it  worthy 
of  preservation  among  "  N.  &  Q." 

The  late  Mr.  Simcox,  of  Harbourne  near  Bir- 
mingham, a  gentleman  largely  engaged  in  the 
nail  trade,  was  in  the  habit  of  going  several  times 
a  year  to  London  on  business,  at  a  period  when 
journeys  to  London  were  far  less  readily  accom- 
plished than  they  are  at  present,  being  long  before 
the  introduction  of  railways.  On  one  of  these 
occasions  he  was  suddenly  overtaken  by  a  heavy 
shower  of  rain,  from  which  he  sought  shelter  un- 
der an  archway,  as  he  had  not  any  umbrella  with 
him,  and  was  at  a  considerable  distance  from  any 
stand  of  coaches.  The  rain  continued  for  a  long 
time  with  unabated  violence,  and  he  was  conse- 
quently obliged  to  remain  in  his  place  of  shelter, 
though  beginning  to  suffer  from  his  prolonged 
exposure  to  the  cold  and  damp  atmosphere.  Un- 
der these  circumstances  he  was  agreeably  ^surprised 
when  the  door  of  a  handsome  house  immedi- 
ately opposite  was  opened,  and  a  footman  in  livery 
with  an  umbrella  approached,  with  his  master's 
compliments,  and  that  he  tad  observed  the  gen- 
tleman standing  so  long  under  the  archway  that 
he  feared  he  might  take  cold,  and  would  there- 
fore be  glad  if  he  would  come  and  take  shelter  in 
his  house — an  invitation  which  Mr.  Simcox  gladly 
accepted.  He  was  ushered  into  a*  handsomely- 
furnished  dining-room,  where  the  master  of  the 
house  was  sitting,  and  received  from  him  a  very 
friendly  welcome. 

Scarcely,  however,  had  Mr.  Simcox  set  eyes  on 
his  host  than  he  was  struck  with  a  vague  remem- 
brance of  having  seen  him  before :  but  where  or 
in  what  circumstances,  he  found  himself  altoge- 
ther unable  to  call  to  mind.  The  gentlemen  soon 
engaged  in  interesting  and  animated  conversation, 
which  was  carried  on  with  increasing  mutual  re- 
spect and  confidence ;  while,  all  the  time,  this  re- 
membrance kept  continually  recurring  to  Mr. 
Simcox,  whose  inquiring  glances  at  last  betrayed 
to  his  host  what  was  passing  in  his  mind.  "  You 


S.  IX.  JAN.  14.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


21 


seem,  Sir,"  said  he, "  to  look  at  me  as  though  you  had 
seen  me  before."  Mr.  Simcox  acknowledged  that 
his  host  was  right  in  his  conjectures,  but  con- 
fessed his  entire  inability  to  recal  the  occasion. 
"  You  are  right,  Sir,"  replied  the  old  gentleman  ; 
"  and  if  you  will  pledge  your  word  as  a  man  of 
honour  to  keep  my  secret,  and  not  to  disclose  to  any 
one  what  I  am  now  going  to  tell  you  until  you  have 
seen  the  notice  of  my  death  in  the  London  papers, 
I  have  no  objection  to  remind  you  where  and  how 
you  have  known  me. 

"  In  St.  James's  Park,  near  Spring  Gardens,  you 
may  pass  every  day  an  old  man  who  sweeps  a  cross- 
ing there,  and  whose  begging  is  attended  by  this 
strange  peculiarity ;  that  whatever  be  the  amount 
of  the  alms  bestowed  on  him  he  will  retain  only  a 
halfpenny,  and  will  scrupulously  return  to  the 
donor  all  the  rest.  Such  an  unusual  proceeding 
naturally  excites  the  curiosity  of  those  who  hear 
of  it ;  and  any  one  who  has  himself  made  the  ex- 
periment, when  he  happens  to  be  walking  by  with 
a  friend,  is  almost  sure  to  say  to  him,  *  Do  you  see 
that  old  fellow  there  ?  He  is  the  strangest  beg- 
gar you  ever  saw  in  your  life.  If  you  give  him 
sixpence  he  will  be  sure  to  give  you  five  pence  half- 
penny back  again.'  Of  course  his  friend  makes 
the  experiment,  which  turns  out  as  predicted ;  and, 
as  crowds  of  people  are  continually  passing,  there 
are  numbers  of  persons  every  day  who  make  the 
same  trial ;  and  thus  the  old  man  gets  many  a  half- 
penny from  the  curiosity  of  the  passers-by,  in  ad- 
dition to  what  he  obtains  from  their  compassion. 

"I,  Sir,"  continued  the  old  gentleman,  "am  that 
beggar.  Many  years  ago  I  first  hit  upon  this  ex- 
pedient for  the  relief  of  my  then  pressing  necessi- 
ties ;  for  I  was  at  that  time  utterly  destitute ;  but 
finding  the  scheme  answer  beyond  my  expecta- 
tions, I  was  induced  to  carry  it  on  until  I  had  at 
last,  with  the  aid  of  profitable  investments,  realised 
a  handsome  fortune,  enabling  me  to  live  in  the 
comfort  in  which  you  find  me  this  day.  And 
now,  Sir,  such  is  the  force  of  habit,  that  though  I 
am  no  longer  under  any  necessity  for  continuing 
this  plan,  I  find  myself  quite  unable  to  give  it  up  ; 
and  accordingly  every  morning  I  leave  home,  ap- 
parently for  business  purposes,  and  go  to  a  room 
where  I  put  on  my  old  beggar's  clothes,  and  con- 
tinue sweeping  my  crossing  in  the  park  till  a 
certain  hour  in  the  afternoon,  when  I  go  back  to 
my  room,  resume  my  usual  dress,  and  return 
home  in  time  for  dinner  as  you  seeypae  this  day." 

Mr.  Simcox,  as  a  gentleman  and  a  man  of 
honour,  scrupulously  fulfilled  his  pledge ;  but  hav- 
ing seen  in  the  London  papers  the  announcement 
of  the  beggar's  death,  he  then  communicated  this 
strange  story  to  my  friend.  Whether  he  men- 
tioned his  name  or  not,  I  cannot  tellt';  but  I  do  not 
remember  ever  to  have  heard  it,  nor  did  I  feel 
at  liberty  to  ask  for  it.  The  friend  from  whom  I 
heard  this  narrative  died  in  1838,  and  from  his 


manner  of  relating  the  incident  I  should  infer  that 
it  had  probably  taken  place  some  twenty  or  thirty 
years  before. 

As  the  interest  of  this  narrative  altogether  con  • 
sists  in  its  being  a  statement  of  fact,  though 
strange  as  any  fiction,  I  think  it  my  duty  to  au- 
thenticate it  with  my  name  and  address. 

SAMUEL  BACHE, 
Minister  of  the  New  Meeting-House, 

Birmingham. 
December  21, 1859. 

P.S.  I  have  to-day  read  the  foregoing  narrative 
to  Robert  Martineau,  Esq.,  a  magistrate  of  this 
borough,  who  authorises  me  to  say  that  he  has  a 
distinct  recollection  of  it,  having  himself  heard  it 
from  the  same  friend,  and  is  also  able,  therefore, 
to  authenticate  this  statement.  S.  B. 


THE  GRAFFITI  OF  POMPEII. 

As  many  of  your  readers  will  be  doubtless  in- 
terested in  all  that  relates  to  the  city  of  Pompeii, 
I  venture  to  send  you  a  few  notes  descriptive  of 
the  following  work  :  — 

"  Graffiti  de  Pomp^i.  Inscriptions  et  Gravures  trace'es  au 
stylet  recueillies  et  interpreters  par  Raphael  Garrucci. 
Seconde  edition,  4to.  Paris,  1856.  Text,  4to.  and  Atlas 
of  Plates." 

These  notes  are  founded  upon  the  text  of  this 
work,  or  are  extracts  from  an  article  in  the  Edin- 
burgh Review,  No.  224.,  October,  1859  ;  but  more 
especially  from  a  most  interesting  tract, 

"  Inscriptions  Pompeianae,  or  Specimens  and  Fac- 
similes of  Ancient  Inscriptions  discovered  on  the  Walls 
of  Buildings  at  Pompeii,  by  Dr.  Christopher  Wordsworth. 
8vo.  London.  J.  Murray,  1837." 

Now  what  are  these  Grafiiti?  Street  scrib- 
blings  found  rudely  traced  in  charcoal  or  red 
chalk,  or  scratched  with  a  stylus  in  the  plaster  of 
the  walls  or  pillars  in  the  public  places  of  the  city. 
A  Londoner  whose  memory  is  well  stored  with 
whitewash  of  this  kind,  who  can  recall  the  gallant 
fleet  which  sailed  down  of  aforetime  the  long  brick 
wall  of  Kew  Gardens,  who  remembers  the  pressing 
appeals  made  to  him  to  secure  his  fortune  by 
"  Gro  to  Bysh's  Lucky  Corner,"  who  can  revive  the 
moral  injunctions  which  met  him  on  all  sides  of 
"Try  Warren's"  or  "Buy  Day  and  Martin's 
Blacking,"  whose  patriotism  was  stirred  by  "  Vote 
for  Liberty  and  Sir  Francis  Burdett,"  or  whose 
humanity  was  awakened  by  "  an  appeal  on  behalf 
of  Buggins  and  his  six  small  children,"  may  per- 
haps smile  at  a  work  which  has  exhumed  in  some 
respects  not  very  dissimilar  whitewash,  although 
generally  of  a  higher  character,  and  of  which  the 
"  scribble  "  is  accompanied  by  a  learned  disserta- 
tion. But  constituted  as  man  is,  he  has  ever  an 
interest  in  all  that  illustrates  the  social  history  of 
man.  We  live  through  associations  —  with  the  past 


22 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  JAN.  14.  '60. 


through  knowledge — with  the  future  through 
faith.  It  is  a  form  of  that  belief  in  the  eternity  of 
being  which  lies  in  the  inward  recesses  of  the 
soul.  It  is  this  which  impels  men  to  travel,  which 
leads  to  the  exploration  of  the  vestiges  of  anti- 
quity, which  makes  the  graves  to  give  up  their 
dead,  whether  it  be  the  rude  tomb  of  a  Saxon 
chief,  or  the  city  of  Pompeii  recovered  and  bared 
to  the  glarish  eye  of  day,  by  the  continuous  la- 
bours of  the  most  eminent  archaeologists. 

In  this  respect,  in  relation  also  to  the  early 
period  of  Western  civilisation  in  a  form  whether 
as  regards  religion,  laws,  manners,  and  customs 
now  utterly  passed  away,  the  ruins  of  Hercula- 
neum  and  Pompeii  possess  an  interest  superior  to 
all  others.  The  ruins  of  the  East,  of  Egypt, 
Greece,  and  Italy  are  portions  of  a  whole,  the 
fragments  of  successive  ages  of  continuous  mental 
development ;  but  the  remains  of  Pompeii  may  be 
considered  as  the  perfect  monument  of  a  city  which 
went  down  into  the  grave  whilst  the  sound  of  re- 
velry was  in  its  streets,  and  the  pulse  of  life  was 
thick  beating  in  its  veins.  Here  society  presents 
itself  as  it  lived  and  moved  and  had  its  being. 
Knowledge,  arts,  public  pursuits,  social  customs 
and  manners,  general  depravity  and  moral  aspects, 
the  individual  and  the  general,  here  alike  are 
shown  in  the  deep  shadows  of  a  once  Jbright  day. 
These  street  scribblings  then  possess  much  in- 
terest. Graffiti,  as  may  be  readily  supposed,  are 
of  great  antiquity.  They  are  found  among  the 
ruins  of  Egypt  from  the  days  of  the  Ptolemies  to 
those  of  Victoria  :  in  the  peninsula  of  Sinai,  amid 
the  ruins  of  Greece  and  Italy.  Aristophanes, 
Lucian,  Plautus,  and  Propertius  allude  to  them. 
In  the  city  of  Rome  the  eloquence  of  walls  was 
very  powerful.  It  aided  the  Agrarian  Laws  of 
Tiberius  Gracchus,  as  it  would  now  the  Man- 
chester platform  of  John  Bright.  Sometimes  they 
are  quotations  from  Ovid,  but  there  are  none  from 
Horace.  This  is  natural.  Ovid  presented  to  the 
Pompeian  the  reflex  subjectivity  of  his  own 
thought;  Horace  charms  by  a  severe  style;  the 
first  is  the  poet  of  sensuous  feeling,  the  latter  of 
cultivated  intellect.  The  oldest  Latin  MS.  per- 
haps in  existence  is  a  scribble  which  carries  us 
back  in  imagination  from  the  present  to  A.D.  18, 

"TI  CAESARE  TERTIO  GERMANICO  CAESAR.  ITER. 
COS." 

Next  an  advertisement  for  a  game  of  rackets 
to  be  played.  Inscriptions  which  record  the 
badge  of  slavery  by  their  own  grammatical  forms. 
An  appeal  to  the  Pilicrepi  or  ball  players  to  vote 
for  Fermus  at  the  next  election  of  municipal  offi- 
cers. A  legal  threat  ?  "  Somius  threatens  Cor- 
nelius with  an  action  the  day  after  tomorrow." 
These  words  were  probably  scrawled  by  some 
slave  on  the  stucco  while  the  lawyers  of  Pompeii 
were  engaged  in  pleading. 

Then  scraps  of  poetry,  doggrel  verses,  notices  of 


a  spot  visited.  A  name,  with  the  intimation  the 
owner  was  a  thief.  Verses  in  praise  of  a  mistress. 
Notice  of  lost  property,  and  rewards  for  its  re- 
covery. Philosophical  apophthegms.  School- 
boys' scrawls,  to  aid  perhaps  the  recital  of  the 
morning  lesson,  and  first  lines  in  penmanship. 
Lampoons,  caricatures,  and  indications  of  the 
most  morbid,  disgusting,  lascivious  ribaldry. 
Others  are  of  higher  pretension,  as  attempts  to 
parody  the  pompous  style  of  epistolary  dispatches. 
"Pyrrhus,  C.  Heio  conlegae  salutem.  Moleste 
fero  quod  audivi  te  mortuam  ;  itaque  Vale."  Dr. 
Wordsworth  adds,  p.  71.,  an  effusion  of  raillery 
somewhat  similar  is  the  following :  it  is  a  slave's 
character :  "  Cosmus  nequitiae  est  magnussimae." 
The  new  superlative,  "  magnussimae,"  coined  for 
the  occasion,  may  remind  you  of  the  story  of  his 
eminence  Cardinal  York,  who  was  irritably  tena- 
cious of  his  royal  dignity,  and  when  asked  at  din- 
ner in  too  familiar  a  style,  as  he  thought,  whether 
he  could  taste  a  particular  viand,  replied,  "  Non 
ne  voglio,  perche  il  Re  mio  padre,  non  ne  ha 
mangiato  mai,  e  la  Regina  mia  madre  maiissimo." 
To  this  may  be  added  lists  of  champions  in  the 
arena,  enumerating  their  victories. 

It  may  be  doubtful  whether  literature  and  art 
have  lost  much  by  the  destruction  of  Pompeii. 
Extremes  meet ;  the  highest  point  of  wealthy  civi- 
lisation touches  upon  the  extreme  of  intellectual 
debasement.  We  may  have  lost  some  great  me- 
morials of  art,  of  an  imaginative  and  graceful  form 
of  decoration,  the  reflection  of  the  happy  sensuous- 
ness  of  an  Italian  people  living  beneath  the  influence 
of  a  joyous  sky,  and  a  philosophy  which  taught  in 
strains  of  the  highest  poetry  that  man  should  pre- 
fer the  present  to  the  future,  the  actual  to  a 
possible  ideal, — omit  to  think  of  the  morrow,  and 
seize  with  ecstasy  the  brimming  cup  of  pleasure 
which  the  DAY  presented  to  his  lips — but  nothing 
which  could  teach  nations  how  to  live,  could  add 
an  invention  to  promote  social  happiness,  or  a 
virtue  which  could  stimulate  as  example,  has 
perished  beneath  the  ashes  of  this  CITY  OF  THE 
PLAIN.  S.  H. 


A  DIFFICULT  PROBLEM  SOLVED  DURING 
SLEEP. 

In  his  Volksmagazijn  voor  Burger  en  Boer  (vol. 
ii.  p.  27.),  the  Rev.  J.  de  Liefde  relates  a  re- 
markable case  of  somnambulism  :  and,  though  it  is 
the  first  time  I  have  seen  it  in  print,  I  can  very  well 
remember  that  my  father  often  told  me  the  same. 
The  author  writes  :  — 

"  In  1839  I  fell  in  with  a  clergyman  (he  is  now  dead : 
but  of  his  truthfulness  I  never  yet  entertained  a  doubt), 
who  communicated  to  me  the  following  incident  from  his 
own  life's  experience : 

"  '  I  was,'  said  he,  *  a  student  at  the  Mennonite  Semi- 
nary at  Amsterdam,  and  frequented  the  mathematical 


S.  IX.  JAN.  14.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


23 


lectures  of  Professor  van  Swinden.*  Now  it  happened 
that  once  a  banking-house  had  given  the  Professor 
question  to  resolve,  which  required  a  difficult  and  prolix 
calculation.  And  often  already  had  the  mathematical 
tried  to  find  out  the  problem,  but  as,  to  effect  this,  som 
sheets  of  paper  had  to  be  covered  with  ciphers,  the  learnet 
man,  at  each  trial,  had  made  a  mistake.  Thus,  not  t( 
overfatigue  himself,  he  communicated  the  puzzle  to  ten 
of  his  students,  me  amongst  the. number,  and  begged  u 
to  attempt  its  unravelling  at  home.  My  ambition  did 
not  allow  me  any  delay.  I  set  to  work  the  same  evening 
but  without  success.  Another  evening  was  sacrificed  to 
my  undertaking,  but  again  fruitlessly.  At  last  I  bent 
myself  over  my  ciphers,  a  third  evening.  It  was  winter 
and  I  calculated  to  half  past  one  in  the  morning  .  .  . .  al 
to  no  purpose!  The  product  was  erroneous.  Low  at 
lieart,  I  threw  down  my  pencil,  which  already,  that  time, 
had  beciphered  three  slates.  I  hesitated  whether  ] 
would  toil  the  night  through  and  begin  my  calculation 
anew,  as  I  knew  that  the  Professor  wanted  an  answer 
the  very  same  morning.  But  lo !  my  candle  was  already 
burning  in  the  socket,  and,  alas !  the  persons  with  whom 
I  lived  had  long  ago  gone  to  rest.  Thus  I  also  went  to 
bed,  my  head  filled  with  ciphers,  and,  tired  of  mind,  I  fell 
asleep.  In  the  morning  I  awoke  just  early  enough  to 
dress  and  prepare  myself  to  go  to  the  lecture.  I  was 
vexed  at  heart,  not  to  have  been  able  to  solve  the  ques- 
tion, and  at  having  to  disappoint  my  teacher.  But,  O 
wonder !  as  I  approach  my  writing-table,  I  find  on  it  a 
paper,  with  ciphers  of  my  own  hand,  and,  think  of  my 
astonishment!  the  whole  problem  on  it,  solved  quite 
aright  and  without  a  single  blunder.  I  wanted  to  ask 
my  hospita  whether  any  one  had  been  in  my  room,  but 
was  stopped  by  my  own  writing.  Afterwards  I  told  her 
what  had  occurred,  and  she  herself  wondered  at  the 


*  Jean  Henri  van  Swinden,  born  at  the  Hague  June  the 
8th,  1746,  died  March  9th,  1823 ;  Art.  Liberal.  Mag.  et 
Phil.  Dr.  in  June  1766,  after  having  publicly  defended  a 
dissertation  De  Attraction:  appointed  Professor  of 
Natural  and  Speculative  Philosophy  at  the  Academy  of 
Francken,  towards  the  end  of  the  same  year ;  inaugurates 
his  lecture  by  an  oration  De  Causis  Errorum  in  Rebus 
Philosophicis ;  gets  just  renown  and  bad  health  in  con- 
sequence of  his  observations  concerning  Electricity,  the 
Deviation  of  the  Magnetic  Needle  and  Meteorology, 
printed  in  the  works  of  the  most  celebrated  learned  So- 
cieties of  Europe ;  his  Recherches  sur  les  Aiguilles  Aimant^es 
et  leurs  Variations,  of  more  than  500  pages,  in  1777,  got 
the  Medal  of  the  Paris  Academy  of  Sciences,  and  his  Dis- 
sertatio  de  Analogia  Electricitatis  et  Maqnetismi  next  year 
is  crowned  with  the  prize  by  the  Electoral  Academy  of 
Bavaria;  nominated  Professor  at  Amsterdam  of  Philo- 
sophy, Mathematics,  Astronomy,  and  Physic  in  1785,  he 
takes  up  this  post  with  a  public  speech,  De  Hypothesibus 
Physicis,  quomodo  sint  e  mente  Newtonis  adhibendce.  In 

'98,  he,  with  Aeneae,  is  committed  to  Paris  to  take  part 
in  the  deliberations  about  the  new  system  of  weights  and 
measures:  and,  of  these  deliberations,  he  is  called  to 
make  a  report,  first  to  the  Class  of  Mathematical  and 
Natural  Sciences,  and  then  to  the  whole  Institute.— For 
an  account  of  his  life  and  very  numerous  writings,  see 
Hulde  aan  de  Nagedachtenis  van  Jean  Henri  van  Swinden 
(te  Amsterdam  bij  C.  Covens  en  P.  Meyer  Warnars, 

24),  containing,  from  pp.  1—72,  a  panegyric  in  his 
Honour  by  Dr.  David  Jacob  van  Lennep,  and,  from  pp.  73 
—-100,  a  poem  in  his  praise  by  Hendrik  Harmen  Klijn. 
L  List  of  his  Lectures  and  Discourses  in  the  Society 
Felix  Mentis,  section  Natural  Philosophy,  fills  pp.  103— 
LlO,  whilst  the  enumeration  of  his  Works  occupies  pp. 
Ill — 122. 


event ;  for  she  assured  me  no  one  had  entered  my  apart- 
ment. 

"  '  Thus  I  must  have  calculated  the  problem  in  my 
sleep,  and  in  the  dark  to  boot,  and,  what  is  most  remark- 
able, the  computation  was  so  succinct,  that  what  I  saw 
now  before  me  on  a  single  folio  sheet,  had  required  three 
slates-full,  closely  beciphered  at  both  sides,  during  my 
waking  state.  Professor  van  Swinden  was  quite  amazed 
at  the  event,  and  declared  to  me,  that  whilst  calculating 
the  problem  himself,  he  never  once  had  thought  of  a  so- 
lution so  simple  and  so  concise.' " 

J.  H.  VAN  LENNEP. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht. 


Minat 

NOTES  ON  REGIMENTS  (passim).  —  Allow  me  to 
call  attention  to  what  I  humbly  conceive  to  be  a 
curious  blunder  in  the  motto  of  the  5th  (Prin- 
cess Charlotte  of  Wales')  Regiment  of  Dragoon 
Guards  :  "  Vestigia  nulla  retrorsum" 

The  birth-place  of  these  words  is  Horace,  1 
Epist.  i.  74. :  — 

"  Olim  quod  vulpes  asgroto  cauta  leoni 
Respondit,  referam :  Quia  me  vestigia  terrent 
Omnia  te  adversum  spectantia,  nulla  retrorsum." 

Thus  the  real  meaning  is,  the  fox  is  too  cau- 
tious to  enter  the  lion's  den ;  the  notion  of  a  trap 
terrifies  us ;  let  us  have  nothing  to  do  with  the 
enemy,  because  there  is  danger. 

A  mistake  as  absurd  as  quaint  when  considered 
in  connection  with  any  British  regiment,  and  spe- 
cially with  one  bearing  on  its  colours  the  proud 
titles  "  Salamanca,"  "  Vittoria,"  "  Toulouse," 
"  Peninsula,"  "  Balaklava,"  &c. 

I  wonder  if  the  Regimental  Records  give  any 
explanation  of  the  motto.  W.  T.  M. 

Hongkong,  Anniv.  Balaklava.  1859. 

THE  STUART  PAPERS.  —  Inquiry  was  made  in 
"IST.  &  Q."  (2nd  S.  iii.  112.),  whether  there  was 
any  known  list  of  persons  on  whom  titles  were 
conferred  by  James  II.  after  his  abdication,  and 
by  his  son  and  grandson.  A  well-informed  cor- 
respondent in  reply  (2nd  S.  iii.  219.)  gave  some 
information  in  respect  to  a  particular  patent,  but 
knew  not  of  any  published  or  MS.  lists.  I  think 
it  well,  therefore,  to  inform  your  correspondent 
that  Browne,  in  the  Appendix  to  his  History  of 
the  Highlands,  gives  a  large  collection  of  letters 
Irom  the  Stuart  Papers,  and  amongst  them  one 
from  Mr.  Edgar,  secretary  to  the  Chevalier,  to 
young -Glengary,  wherein  he  says  (iv.  51.),  — 

"His  Majesty  being  at  the  same  time  desirous  to  do 
vhat  depends  on  him  for  your  satisfaction,  he,  upon  your 
•equest,  sends  you  here  enclosed  a  duplicate  of  your 
jrandfather's  warrant  to  be  a  peer.  You  will  see  that  it 
s  signed  by  H.  M.,  and  I  can  assure  3~ou  it  is  an  exact 
duplicate  copie  out  of  the  book  of  entries  of  such  like  papers" 

Here  then  is  proof,  of  what  might  reasonably 
lave  been  assumed,  that  there  was  a  "  book  of 
sntries"  of  such  grants.  Is  that  book  in  exist- 


24 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«a  g.  ix.  JAN.  14.  '60. 


ence?    Is  it  amongst  the  Stuart  Papers  in  the 
possession  of  Her  Majesty  ? 

How  much  it  is  to  be  regretted  that  those  his- 
torical documents  are  not  in  the  British  Museum. 
At  the  present  rate  of  publication  the  contents 
•will  not  be  known  to  our  historians  for  half  a 
dozen  centuries.  The  first  volume  of  the  Atter- 
bury  Correspondence  (from  that  collection)  was 
published  in  1847,  and  I  am  still  hoping  to  live 
to  see  the  second.  T.  S.  P. 

WRITERS  WHO  HAVE  BEEN  BRIBED  TO  SILENCE. 
—  Is  there  any  truth  in  the  allegation  made  by 
Cox,  in  his  Irish  'Magazine  for  March,  1811, 
namely,  that  the  Rev.  Dr.  Charles  O' Conor,  libra- 
rian to  the  Duke  of  Buckingham  at  Stow,  printed 
in  1792,  at  Dublin,  A  History  of  the  House  of 
O' Conor  (2  vols.  8vo.),  but  that  "administration 
felt  alarmed  that  such  a  picture  of  British  ar- 
rogance and  Irish  subjection  should  go  abroad, 
and  bought  it  up.  It  was  offered  up  as  a  burnt 
offering  in  those  very  cells  in  Dublin  Castle  that 
once  enclosed  an  O'Donel,  an  O'Neil,"  &c.,  &c. 
"  This  book  was  one  of  the  most  interesting  on 
Irish  affairs."  Is  there  any  copy  accessible  of  this 
History  of  the  House  of  O' Conor?  The  Rev.  Dr. 
Charles  O'Conor  was  formally  suspended  by  Arch- 
bishop Troy  in  1812.  He  occasionally  wrote 
under  the  signature  of  "  Columbanus."  W.  J.  F. 

A  CHILD  SAVED  <BY  A  DOG.  —  Is  the  following  a 
fact  ?  — 

"  A  Dundee  paper  states  that  as  a  railway  van  was 
going  along  Keptie  Street,  a  child  was  in  danger  of 
being  run  over.  Seeing  this,  a  mastiff  dog  belonging  to 
Mr.  W.  Reid,  flesher,  sprung  from  the  side  paving,  seized 
the  astonished  and  frightened  child  by  the  clothes,  and 
placed  it  in  safety  to  the  delight  of  a  great  number  of 
lookers  on." 

I  have  this  from  the  New  York  Independent, 
vol.  xi.  No.  573.  for  Thursday,  Nov.  24,  1859. 

J.  H,  VAN  LENNEP. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht. 

USE  or  THE  WORD  "  SACK."  ~-  The  accom- 
panying extract  from  the  parish  register  of 
Havering-atte-Bower,  Essex,  will,  I  think,  be  in- 
teresting to  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  inasmuch 
as  it  exhibits  a  curious  fact,  and  also  as  showing 
the  common  and  ordinary  use  of  the  word  Sack 
at  a  period  which  I  confess  caused  me  some  sur- 
prise, seeing  that  during  the  last  century  the  edi- 
tors of  Shakspeare  are  so  full  of  conjecture  as  to 
what  this  word  applied  :  — 

"  At  a  vestry  held  at  St.  Marie's  Chappel,  Havering, 
yie  gth  Of  NOV.  1717,"  among  other  things  it  was  agreed : 
"  Likewise  y*  a  pint  of  Sack  be  allowed  to  y°  Minister 
y*  officiates  ye  Lord's  Day  yle  Winter  Season. 

«  Present, 

"  T.  Shortland,  Chaplain," 
and  six  others. 

JOHN  GLADDING. 


MS.  POEMS  BY  BURNS. 

Having  lately  purchased  a  volume  .of  Burns' 
Poems,  dated  Edinburgh,  April,  1787,  being  the 
3rd  edition,  I  was  surprised  to  find  when  I  got  it 
home  that  at  the  end  of  the  volume  were  several 
pieces  in  manuscript  writing,  which  I  presume  were 
pieces  that  the  poet  had  composed  shortly  after 
the  volume  was  printed  :  several  blank  pages  had 
evidently  been  inserted  for  the  purpose  of  being 
written  on  when  it  was  bound.  Could  any  of  your 
numerous  correspondents  give  any  information  whe- 
ther^the  handwriting  is  by  Burns,  or  whose  hand- 
writing ?  if  not  his,  whether  it  is  any  member  of 
the  family  P^  It  is  printed  by  Strahan,  Cadell,  & 
Creech,  Edinburgh,  and  has  the  whole  of  the 
original  subscribers'  names  inserted  with  the  num- 
ber of  copies,  alphabetically  arranged,  beginning 
with  the  "  Caledonian  Hunt,  100  copies,"  &c.,  &c. 
The  number  of  pieces  in  writing  is  thirteen — five 
are  evidently  in  the  handwriting  of  a  female. 
Now  Cunningham  says,  in  his  edition,  that  the 
Epistle  to  Captain  Grose,  which  is  in  this  volume 
in  manuscript,  dated  22nd  July,  1790,  was  not  in 
print  before  180-:  it  is  dedicated  to  A.  De  Car- 
donnel,  who  was  an  antiquary.  I  should  like  to 
know  more  about  the  man,  as  my  volume  has  also 
the  arms  of  Mansf*  S.  de  Cardonnel  Lawson, 
with  the  motto,  "  Rise  and  shine,"  pasted  in  the 
inside:  although  Cunningham  does  say  that  it 
was  known  to  exist  in  manuscript  before  that 
date,  viz.  180-.  The"  pieces  are  these,  viz. :  — 

"  Sketch.  The  first  thoughts  of  an  Elegy  designed  for 
Miss  Burnet  of  Monboddo." 

"  Epigram  on  Capt.  Grose." 

"  Queen  Mary's  Lament." 

"  Epistle  to  A.  De  Cardonnel,  (beginning)  '  Ken  ye 
ought  o' Capt.  Grose?'" 

"  Tarn  O'Shanter.    A  Tale." 

"  Holy  Willies  Prayer." 

These  are  in  a  lady's  handwriting. 

"  On  seeing  a  wounded  Hare  limp  by  me  which  a  fel- 
low had  shot." 

"  Song :  <  Anne  thy  charms  my  bosom  fire.'  " 

«  A  Grace  before  Dinner." 

"  Let  not  woman  e'er  complain :  tune  '  Duncan  Gray.' " 

"  Sent  by  a  lady  to  Robt.  Burns :  '  Stay  my  Willie- 
yet  believe  me.' " 

"  Here's  a  health  to  ane  I  lo'e  dear." 

"  On  Sensibility :  to  Mrs.  Dunlop  of  Dunlop." 

"  Highland  Mary. 

"  Ye  banks  and  braes,  and  streams  around 
The  castle  o'  Montgomery." 

I  trust  you  will  exCuse  the  length  of  this  epistle, 
as  I  found  I  could  not  do  justice  to  it  unless 
I  gave  you  full  particulars,  hoping  you  will  be 
able  to  throw  some  light  on  the  writing,  and 
the  name  Cardonnel;  as  I  think  the  gentleman 
may  have  been  a  personal  friend  of  the  poet's, 
and  some  relation  may  be  living  who  can  ex- 
plain the  matter.  T.  SIMPSON. 


2»a  S.  IX.  JAN.  14.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


BAZELS  OF  BAIZE. 

In  Malcolm's  Londinium  Redivivum,  vol.  ii.  p. 
147.,  an  extract  is  given  from  a  MS.  of  John 
Stowe,  which  states  that  "  Seven  Bazels  of  Baize 
had  been  sent  into  Christ's  Hospital,  and  that  as 
many  more  would  have  been  sent,  but  for  the 
late  interruption  of  Joscelyn  Briznan,  and  his 
unlawful  supporters  of  Castle  Baynard  Ward." 
This  was  in  July,  1585.  This  Joscelyn  Briznan 
was  a  retailer  of  ale,  called  at  that  date  "a 
Tipler,"  and  the  Baize  which  he  was  required  to 
send  to  Christ's  Hospital,  was  exacted  from  him 
as  a  fine  for  trespasses  which  he  had  committed 
in  following  that  business. 

Bayse-maker. —  In  Chatnbers's  Journal,  Oct. 
16,  1858,  p.  258.,  in  an  enumeration  of  copper 
tokens  (the  Harringtons  alluded  to  "  N.  &  Q.," 
2nd  S.  viii.  497.)j  there  is  mention  of  a  token 
issued  by  a  Bayse-maker.  Neither  the  issuer's 
name,  nor  the  place  where  it  was  issued,  is  men- 
tioned. 

Bayze  or  bayes,  see  Skinner's  Etymologicon 
Lingua  Anglicance,  where  the  following  explana- 
tion is  given  of  these  words  :  — 

"  To  play  or  run  at  Bayze.  Vox  omnibus  nota,  quibus 
fanum  Botolphi  seu  Bostonium  agri  Lincolniensis  Empo- 
rium, notum  est,  aliis  paucis.  Sic  autem  iis  dicitur  Cer- 
tamen  seu  'Ayw,  Currendi  pro  certa  mercede,  praemio  vel 
Bpa/Seiw.  Credo  &  nom  Bayes,  Laurus,  quia  fortasse  olim 
victor  Serto  Laureo,  consuetissimo  victorias  insigni,  fuit 
redimitus." 

I  have  given  the  entire  paragraph  from  Skin- 
ner, literatim  et  punctuatim,  capitals,  &c.,  and  have 
done  so,  not  because  I  have  any  doubt  that  the 
entire  paragraph  does  not  allude  to  the  old  Eng- 
lish game  of  Prisoner's  Base  or  Prison  Bars,  as 
described  by  Strutt  at  p.  78.  of  his  Sports  and 
Pastimes;  but  because  I  wish  to  be  informed, 
through  the  medium  of  your  pages,  what  particu- 
lar interest  the  town  of  Boston  had  with  this  game, 
as  intimated  by  Mr.  Skinner ;  he  was  a  Lincoln- 
shire man,  and  most  probably  had  some  reason  for 
what  he  has  said.  Nares  gives  Base,  Prison  Base,  or 
Prison  Bars,  and  shows  that  it  was  used  by  Mar- 
low,  Shakspeare,  Chapman,  and  others.  Halliwell 
has  Bayze,  Prisoner's  Base,  and  gives  Skinner  as 
his  authority.  Bailey  says,  "to  play  or  run  at 
Bays,  an  exercise  used  at  Boston  in  Lincolnshire." 
I  am  very  anxious  to  know  Skinner's  and  Bailey's 
authority  for  this  ascription. 

I  cannot  make  any  satisfactory  solution  of  the 
Bazels  of  Baize  quoted  by  Malcolm  from  John 
Stowe' s  MS.,  unless  the  former  has  made  an  error 
in  copying  from  the  MS.,  and  that  the  expression 
ought  to  read  Bavins  of  Baize  or  Basse.  Bavin 
is  the  old  name  for  a  small  fagot  of  brushwood  or 
other  light  material ;  see  Bailey,  Nares,  &c. ;  and 
dried  rushes  are  called  basse  or  bass  in  the  northern 
counties  of  England.  See  Cowell  and  other  au- 
thorities on  the  subject.  These  bavins  of  baize  or 


basse  might  be  useful  at  Christ's  Church' to  strew 
the  floors  with  when  rushes  were  used  for  that 
purpose ;  but  how  the  providing  them  became  a 
suitable  penalty  to  be  paid  by  the  law-breaking 
"  Tipler  "  I  am-quite  unable  to  discover.  I  ask 
the  readers  and  correspondents  of  "  N.  &  Q.'*  to 
assist  me. 

The  Bayse-maker  who  issued  the  copper  token 
alluded  to  by  Chambers,  was  probably  a  manufac- 
turer of  the  coarse  woollen  cloth  with  a  long  nap, 
still  known  as  baise,  and  formerly  known  as  baize, 
bays,  or  bayze.  Bailey  says  "  Baize,  coarse  cloth 
or  frieze  of  Baia,  a  city  of  Naples  ;  or  of  Colches- 
ter, &c.,  in  England." 

If  I  be  right  in  my  conjectures,  the  word  baize 
and  its  variations  bayse  and  bayze,  as  given  by 
Malcolm,  Chambers,  and  Skinner,  meant  respec- 
tively—  dried  rushes,  coarse  woollen- cloth,  and 
the  game  of  Prison  Base.  I  shall  be  glad  to  re- 
ceive either  corroboration  or  correction  of  my 
conjectures.  PISHEY  THOMPSON. 

Stoke  Newington. 


A  QUESTION  IN  LOGIC.  —  A  great  many  per- 
sons think  that  without  any  systematic  study  it  is 
in  their  power  to  see  at  once  all  the  relations  of 
propositions  to  one  another.  With  some  persons 
this  is  nearer  the  truth  than  with  others  :  with 
some  it  is  all  but  the  truth  ;  that  is,  as  to  all  such 
relations  as  frequently  occur.  I  propose  a  case 
which  does  not  frequently  occur  ;  and  I  shall  be 
curious  to  see  whether  you  receive  more  than  one 
answer :  for  I  am  satisfied,  by  private  trial,  that 
you  will  not  receive  many. 

When  two  assertions  are  made,  either  one  of 
them  follows  from  the  other,  or  the  two  are  con- 
tradictions, or  each  is  indifferent  to  the  other. 

Now  take  the  three  following  assertions  :  — 

1.  A  master  of  a  parent  is  a  superior. 

2.  A  servant  of  an  inferior  is  not  a  parent. 

3.  An  inferior  of  a  child  is  not  a  master. 

It  is  to  be  understood  that  absolute  equality  be- 
tween two  persons  is  supposed  impossible  :  so  that, 
any  two  persons  being  named,  one  of  them  is  the 
superior  of  the  other.  First,  is  either  of  these 
three  propositions  a  consequence  of  another  ?  Is 
either  a  contradiction  of  another  ?  Are  any  two  of 
them  indifferent  ?  Secondly,  to  those  who  have 
made  a  study  of  logic,  What  theorem  settles  the 
relation  or  want  of  relation  of  these  three  propo- 
sitions ?  Where  has  that  theorem  been  virtually 
applied  in  a  common  logical  process  ?  I  am  not 
aware  that  it  has  ever  been  stated. 

Should  any  correspondent  prefer  it,  he  may  re- 
quest you  to  forward  his  answer  to  me,  as  not  to 
be  published  unless  it  be  correct. 

A.  DE  MORGAN. 

QUOTATION  WANTED.  —  I  shall  be  obliged  if 
either  you,  or  any  of  your  readers,  will  inform  me 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES- 


S.  IX.  JAN.  14.  '60. 


who  is  the  author  of,  and  where  I  can  find,  the 
following  lines  :  — 

"  Can  he  who  games  have  feeling  ?    Yes  he  may, 
But  better  in  my  mind  he  had  it  not, 
For  I  esteem  him  preferable  far, 
In  rate  of  manhood,  that  has  not  a  heart, 
To  him  who  has,  and  makes  vile  use  of  it : 
The  one  is  a  traitor  unto  nature,  which 
The  other  can't  be  called." 

Wishing  you  and  all  your  contributors  a  happy 
New  Year,  A  CONSTANT  READER. 

ELECTRIC  TELEGRAPH  HALF  A  CENTURY  AGO.— 
Turning  over  some  old  magazines  to  find  a  date,  I 
chanced  to  light  on  the  following  epigram,  dated 
Oct.  1813 :  — 

"  On  the  Proposed  Electrical  Telegraph. 
"  When  a  victory  we  gain 

(As  we've  oft  done  in  Spain) 
It  is  usual  to  load  well  with  powder, 
And  discharge  'midst  a  crowd 
All  the  park  guns  so  loud, 
And  the  guns  of  the  Tower,  which  are  louder. 

u  But  the  guns  of  the  Tower, 

And  the  Park  guns  want  power 
To  proclaim  as  they  ought  what  we  pride  in ; 

So  when  now  we  succeed 

It  is  wisely  decreed 
To  announce  it  from  the  batteries  of  Leyden" 

To  announce  it  from  the  batteries  of  Leyden. 
Cavallo  is  stated  to  have  been  the  first  to  suggest 
the  use  of  electricity  in  passing  signals :  and  the 
earliest  attempts  in  England  are  said  to  have  been 
made  by  a  gentleman  at  Hammersmith.  Can  any 
reader  furnish  me  with  the  date  and  particulars 
of  his  experiments  ?  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

LANDSLIPS  AT  FOLKSTONE. — The  cliff  at  Folk- 
stone  has  been  subject  to  a  recurrence  at  distant 
periods  of  sudden  descents  in  vast  and  very  ex- 
tensive masses. 

The  first  we  have  particular  mention  of  is  in 
the  Philosophical  Transactions,  vol.  xxix.  p.  469. 
by  the  Rev.  John  Sackette,  giving  an  account  of  a 
very  uncommon  sinking  of  the  earth  near  Folk- 
stone  in  Kent ;  and  also  of  the  Eoyal  Society's 
Transactions  by  the  Rev.  John  Lyon,  vol.  Ixxvi. 
p.  200.,  giving  an  account  of  a  subsidence  of  the 
ground  near  Folkstone,  on  the  coast  of  Kent.  In 
the  present  century  we  have  to  notice  three  such 
occurrences.  There  was  a  descent  on  Sunday, 
March  8,  1801,  which  for  magnitude  was  the 
largest  and  most  extensive  of  any  which  have 
taken  place.  Not  to  encroach  upon  your  space 
with  details  of  this  event,  it  will  suffice  to  refer 
your  readers  to  the  Annual  Register  for  1801 
(Chronicle,  pp.  7.  and  8.).  In  enumerating  the 
second  decline  of  surface  of  the  cliff  in  May,  1806, 
it  will  also  be  sufficient  to  point  to  a  curious  ac- 
count of  it  in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine,  vol. 
Ixxvi.  fpr  June,  1806,  p.  575. ;  and  for  tfce  last 


landslip  we  have  to  notice,  it  will  be  found  in  The 
Times  of  Dec.  14,  1859,  as  having  happened  on 
•the  8th  of  that  month. 

^  As  to  me  there  appears  something  very  extraor- 
dinary in  these  repeated  events,  I  would  appeal 
to  any  of  your  geological  readers  to  inform  me  of 
their  cause.  2.  2. 

BOOKS  OP  AN  ANTIPAPAL  TENDENCY  WRITTEN 

BEFORE  THE  REFORMATION.  I  shall  be  much  ob- 

liged  to  any  of  your  readers  who  can  furnish  me 
with  the  titles  of  any  books  printed  before  the 
year  1516,  containing,  first,  expressions  of  dissent 
upon  religious  grounds  from  the  Church  of  Rome; 
secondly,  objections  to  the  temporal  power  of  the 
Church  as  then  exercised  ;  and,  thirdly,  prophecies 
of  convulsions  likely  to  disturb  the  Church  about 
the  beginning  of  the  sixteenth  century.  I  am  de- 
sirous of  obtaining  as  complete  a  list  as  I  can, 
and  should  also  be  glad  to  be  furnished  with  the 
names  of  any  modern  writers  who  have  noticed 
these  early  symptoms  of  reform.  As  an  example 
of  the  first  class  of  books,  I  would  mention  Pierce 
Plowman's  Vision  and  Complaynte  ;  as  an  illustra- 
tion -  of  the  second,  Le  Songe  du  Vergier,  first 
printed,  Paris,  1491,  in  which  the  claims  of  the 
spiritual  and  temporal  powers  are  supported  re- 
spectively by  the  arguments  of  a  priest  and  of  a 
knight ;  and  as  instances  of  the  third  class,  the 
prophecies  of  Methodius  and  of  Joseph  Grunpeckh. 

West  Derby. 

METRICAL  VERSION  OF  THE  PSALMS  IN  WELSH. 
—  Are  these  set  to  the  same  tunes  as  the  metrical 
version  in  English,  or  have  they  tunes  peculiar  to 
themselves  ?  In  particular  I  would  ask  whether 
a  tune  called  "  Bangor"  is  suited  to  the  Welsh 
version  (6,  6,  7,  7,  7,  7,)  ?  It  does  not  appear  to 
me  to  be  applicable  to  English  words,  either  of 
the  old  or  the  new  version  ?  VRYAN  RHEGED. 

LORD  TRACTON.  —  I  have  tried,  but  in  vain, 
to  trace  this  nobleman's  ancestry.  His  family 
name  was  Dennis.  Is  there  anything  known  of 
his  family  ?  Y.  S.  M. 

ORLERS'S  ACCOUNT  OF  LEYDEN. — I  have  in  my 
possession  a  small  4to.  volume  with  the  following 
title :  — 

"  Beschrijvinge  der  Stad  Leyden.  Tot  Leyden  By 
Henrick  Haestens,  Jan  Orlers,  ende  Jan  Maire.  Anno 
clo.Ioc.xim." 

On  the  fly-leaf  is  written  (in  the  handwriting, 
as  I  have  been  informed,  of  the  late  Wm.  Ford 
of  Manchester)  : — "  Liber  Perrarus  et  auctoritate 
publica  suppressus.  v.  Fresnoy."  The  work  is 
c[uite  perfect,  and  contains,  besides  views  of  build- 
ings and  portraits,  a  series  of  curious  large  cop- 
per-plate engravings  illustrating  the  siege  of 
Leyden  in  1574.  I  should  be  obliged  if  any  of 
your  correspondents  who  may  be  acquainted  with 


2*a  S.  IX.  JAN.  14.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Dutch  Bibliography  would  inform  me  what  is  the 
value  and  rarity  of  this  book,  and  where  any 
notice  of  it  may  be  found  ?  I  should  also  be  glad 
to  know  why  it  was  suppressed.  K.  C.  C. 

FAFELTY  CLOUGH.  —  A  few  days  ago  a  person 
was  brought  for  interment  to  the  church  here, 
who  came  from  a  place  pronounced  "  Fafelty 
Clough,"  a  district  within  a  mile  hence.  Can 
any  of  your  readers  give  the  orthography  of  this 
word  ?  Due  inquiry  has  been  made  amongst  the 
local  literary  authorities,  but  neither  the  deriva- 
tion nor  spelling  can  be  ascertained.  One  of  the 
gentlemen  present  while  this  is  being  written  had 
two  masons,  father  and  son,  from  "  Fafelty 
Clough,"  who  were  called  Joe  Fafelty  and  Jim 
Fafelty,  whose  real  name  was  Lord. 

This  is  a  district  where  much  stone  is  got  for 
building  and  flooring  purposes,  and  a  suggestion 
is  made  that  the  words  in  question  mean  Faulty 
Cliff.  TRUTH-SEEKER. 

Whitworth,  near  Rochdale. 

STAKES  FASTENED  TOGETHER  WITH  LEAD  AS  A 
DEFENCE.  —  Bede,  in  his  Ecclesiastical  History 
(lib.  i.  cap.  2.),  describes  the  victory  by  Caesar 
over  the  Britons,  and  his  pursuit  of  them  to  the 
River  Thames  ;  and  goes  on  to  say  :  — 

"  On  the  farther  bank  of  this  river,  Cassobellaunus 
being  the  leader,  an  immense  body  of  the  enemy  had 
placed  themselves :  and  had  studded  (prastruxerat)  the 
bank  of  the  river,  and  almost  the  whole  of  the  ford  under 
water,  with  very  sharp  stakes  (acutissimis  sudibus) ;  the 
vestiges  of  which  stakes  are  to  be  seen  there  to  this  day, 
and  it  appears  to  the  spectators  that  each  of  them  is  thick 
(grosse)  as  the  human  thigh,  and  lead  having  been  poured 
round  them  (circumfusa?  plumbo),  they  were  fixed  im- 
moveably  in  the  bottom  of  the  river." 

How  this  could  have  been  done  seems  quite  in- 
comprehensible :  where  could  they  have  obtained 
the  enormous  quantity  of  lead  necessary  for  the 
purpose,  and  in  what  way  could  the  melted  metal 
have  been  used  under  water?  Camden  (Hist., 
p.  155.)  places  the  site  of  the  battle  that  ensued 
at  a  place  called  Coway  Stakes,  near  Oatlands,  in 
Surrey.  I  have  heard  a  tradition  that  some  of 
them  existed  in  the  memory  of  persons  now  living ; 
and  that  they  were  of  oak,  and  carefully  charred 
by  the  action  of  fire,  probably  to  preserve  them. 
Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  inform  me  whether 
there  are  now  any  remains  of  these  stakes,  and 
can  they  throw  any  light  on  this  singular  story  of 
their  being  united  together  by  lead.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

EXTRAORDINARY  CUSTOM  AT  A  WEDDING. — The 
author  of  the  paper  on  "  Marriage  in  Low  Life," 
in  Chambers  s  Journal  (vol.  xii.  p.  397.),  says  that 
persons  have  been  known  to  come,  at  Easter  time, 
into  a  certain  church  on  the  eastern  borders  of 
London,  with  long  sticks,  to  the  ends  of  which 
were  fastened  pieces  of  sweet-stuff;  of  which  the 


clerk,  on  going  to  request  them  to  lay  -down  their 
staves  before  coining  into  the  chancel,  was  re- 
quested to  partake.  In  what  church  has  this  ex- 
traordinary practice  ever  been  witnessed  ?  It  is 
the  carrying  out  with  a  vengeance  of  the  Greek* 
custom  of  sweetmeats  being  poured  over  the 
heads  of  newly-married  couples.  I  can  find  no 
reference  in  Brand.  P.  J.  F.  GANTILLON. 

SEPULCHRAL  SLABS  AND  CROSSES.  —  The  fol- 
lowing sentence  will  be  found  at  p.  29.  of  the  Rev. 
Edward  L.  Cutts'  Manual  for  the  Study  of  the 
Sepulchral  Slabs  and  Crosses :  — 

"  In  the  case  of  a  layman,  the  foot  of  the  cross  is  laid 
towards  the  east ;  in  that  of  an  ecclesiastic  towards  the 
west ;  for  a  layman  was  buried  with  his  face  to  the  altar, 
a  cleric  with  his  face  to  the  people.  This  rule,  however, 
was  not  invariably  observed." 

Unfortunately  for  those  interested  in  the  sub- 
ject there  are  no  references  to  the  localities  of 
existing  examples ;  but  which  it  is  probable  some 
of  your  readers  will  obligingly  supply.  ' 

In  continuation,  it  is  very  desirable  to  know  if 
inscriptions  were  included  in  the  same  distinction, 
and  consequently  were  obliged  to  be  read  stand- 
ing with  the  face  towards  the  east.  The  latter 
question  is  suggested  by  the  desire  to  forward  an 
example  bearing  every  evidence  of  being  origin- 
ally placed  in  the  position  it  now  occupies. 

H.  D'AVENEY. 

Blofield. 

SIR  MARK  KENNAWAY.  —  In  2nd  S.  ii.  368. 
mention  is  made  of  a "  Sir  Mark  Kennaway," 
Knight,  as  brought  up  from  the  court  of  the 
"  Savoy,  1716,  for  divers  criminal  acts  against  the 
King's  Majesty." 

The  wife  of  a  very  kind  friend  of  mine,  of  a 
similar  name,  is  very  anxious  to  obtain  some  infor- 
mation as  to  who  Sir  Mark  Kennaway  was,  and 
from  whence,  and  if  your  correspondent  at  the 
time  the  No.  of  "  N.  &  Q."  was  published  (Nov.  7, 
1857),  could  communicate  any  information,  and 
would  kindly  transmit  it  to  me,  or  reply  in  your 
next  number,  he  would  very  much  oblige 

WM.  COLLYNS. 

Haldon  House,  Exeter. 


toft!) 

EIKON  BASILICA:  PICTURE  OF  CHARLES  I. 
I  am  much  obliged  to  you  and  your  correspon- 
dents (2nd  S.  viii.  356.  444.  500.)  for  answering 
my  Query  respecting  the  editio  princeps  of  this 
work.  Since  writing  about  it,  I  have  succeeded 
in  obtaining  a  copy  with  Marshall's  plate,  but  un- 
luckily the  book  is  imperfect.  It  agrees  in  the 
minutest  details  with  the  one  I  first  described,  and 
has  no  trace  of  the  curious  variations  observed  by 


*  See  Schol,  on  Ar.,  Plut.  768, 


28 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  JAN.  14. 


E.  S.  TAYLOR.  My  present  object  is  to  send  a 
note  respecting  the  plate,  and  one  which  will  in- 
terest such  of  your  readers  as  do  not  already  pos- 
sess the  information. 

In  New  Remarks  of  London,  or  a  Survey  of  the 
Cities  of  London  and  Westminster,  collected  by 
the  Company  of  Parish  Clerks,  London,  1732,  al- 
lusion is  made  either  to  the  original,  or  a  remark- 
able imitation  of  this  picture.  Under  the  head  of 
"  St.  Botolph,  Bishopsgate,"  at  p.  152.  is  the  fol- 
lowing :  — 

"  Remarkable  places  and  things.  Tho'  it  was  not  in- 
tended to  mention  anything  remarkable  within  any  of  the 
churches,  yet  there  is  one  in  this  which  I  cannot  pass  by. 
For  here  is  a  spacious  piece  of  painting,  being  the  picture 
of  King  Charles  I.  in  his  royal  robes,  at  his  devotion, 
with  his  right  hand  on  his  breast,  and  his  left  holding  a 
crown  of  thorns ;  and  a  scroll,  on  which  are  these  words, 
Christo  tracto.  And  by  the  crown  at  his  feet  these  words, 
Mundi  calco,  sphndidam  et  gravem.  In  a  book  which  lies 
expanded  before  him  are  these  words,  In  Verbo  tuo,  on 
the  left  hand  page ;  and  on  the  right,  Spes  mea.  Above 
him  is  a  glory,  with  the  rays  darting  on  his  majesty's 
head,  and  these, '  Carolus  I.  ov  OVK  $v  a£ios  6  KOO-JUOS,'  Heb.  xi. 
38.  On  another  ray,  shining  on  his  head  toward  the 
back  part,  these  words,  Clarior  e  Tenebris.  Behind  his 
back  is  a  ship  tossed  on  the  sea  by  several  storms,  and 
these  words,  Immota  Triumphans;  also  Nescit  Naufra* 
giiim  Virtus,  and  Crescit  sub  pondere  Virtus. " 

I  quote  this  literally,  with  its  apparent  errors. 
For  those  who  have  the  engraving,  it  will  be 
needless  to  point  out  the  resemblances  and  differ- 
ences, as  they  will  be  seen  at  once.  There  is, 
however,  one  detail  which  leads  me  to  imagine 
that  the  print  is  a  copy  —  the  king's  left  hand  is 
here  upon  his  breast,  and  his  right  hand  holds  the 
crown  of  thorns.  This  change  would  easily  occur 
in  producing  an  engraving,  but  I  do  not  see  how 
it  would  be  at  all  likely  in  copying  a  painting,  or 
a  print. 

Whether  this  interesting  picture  is  still  in  St. 
Botolph's  church,  I  am  not  aware;  but  in  the 
third  volume  of  London  and  Middlesex,  1815  (p. 
153.),  the  Rev.  J.  Nightingale  says :  "  On  the 
wall  of  the  stairs,  leading  to  the  north  gallery,  is  a 
fine  old  picture  of  King  Charles  I.,  emblematically 
describing  his  sufferings."  At  that  period  this 
painting  must  have  been  in  the  church  greater 
part  of  a  century,  and  it  was  probably  brought 
from  the  old  building,  which  was  removed  about 
1725  to  make  way  for  the  present  structure. 

B.  H.  C. 

[The  painting  may  still  be  seen  on  the  stairs  leading 
to  the  north  gallery  of  Bishopsgate  church.  Pepys  was 
under  the  impression  that  it  was  copied  from  the  Eikon 
Basilike :  "  Oct.  2,  1664  (Lord's  day),  walked  with  my 
boy  through  the  city,  putting  in  at  several  churches, 
among  others  at  Bishopsgate,  and  there  saw  the  picture 
usually  put  before  the  king's  book,  put  up  in  the  church, 
but  very  ill  painted,  though  it  were  a  pretty  piece  to  set 
up  in  a  church."  The  picture,  however,  is  not  the  one 
engraved  for  the  Eikon  Basilike,  but  relates  to  the  fron- 
tispiece of  the  large  folio  Common  Prayer  Book  of  1661, 
and  consists  of  a  sort  of  pattern  altar-piece,  which  it  was 


intended  should  generally  be  placed  in  the  churches. 
The  design  is  a  sort  of  classical  affair,  derived  in  type 
from  the  ciborium  of  the  ancient  and  continental  churches : 
a  composition-  of  two  Corinthian  columns,  engaged  or 
disengaged,  with  a  pediment.  It  occurs  very  frequently 
in  the  London  churches,  and  may  be  occasionally  re- 
marked in  country-town  churches^  especially  those  re- 
stored at  the  King's  coming  in.  Any  one  who  has  ever 
seen  the  great  Prayer-Book  of  1661,  will  at  once  recog- 
nise the  allusion.  — Vide  Gent.  Mag.,  March  1849,  p.  226. 
Consult  also  European  Mag..  Ixiv.  391. ;  and  "  N.  &  O ." 
1»*  S.  i.  137.] 

TAYLOR  THE  PLATONIST. — Has  there  ever  been 
published  a  biography  of  Thomas  Taylor  the  Pla- 
tonist?  Where  can  I  see  a  list  of  his  original 
works  and  translations  ?  EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

[An  interesting  biographical  notice  of  Thomas  Taylor, 
who  died  Nov.  1,  1835,  appeared  in  The  Athenceum,  and 
copied  into  the  Gent.  Mag.  of  Jan.  1836,  p.  91.  Some 
account  of  his  principal  works  is  given  in  this  article.  A 
copious  and  very  curious  memoir  of  his  early  life  will  be 
found  in  British  Public  Characters  of  1798,  pp.  127—152. 
It  is  supposed  to  have  been  written  by  himself;  and  cer- 
tainly the  minute  private  particulars  it  contains,  must  have 
been  immediately  derived  from  him.  A  Catalogue  of  his 
very  curious  library  was  printed  in  1836.  See  "  N.  &  Q." 
2nd  S.  ii.  489. ;  iii.  35.,  for  some  notices  of  him.] 

To  FLY  IN  THE  AIR. — It  is  a  common  expression 
with  some  people,  if  you  ask  them  to  do  a  thing 
which  they  think  they  are  unable  to  do,  to  answer 
"  You  might  as  well  ask  me  to  fly  in  the  air." 
Whence  did  this  phrase  take  its  origin  ?  A.  T.  L. 

[Without  falling  back  upon  antiquity,  one  naturally 
understands  by  the  expression,  "  you  might  as  well  ask 
me  to  fly  in  the  air"  an  intimation  that  what  is  asked 
is  something  wholly  beyond  the  speaker's  power  to  grant ; 
q.  d.  "  You  don't  suppose  1  am  a  witch  ?  "  Our  folk  lore 
is  rich  in  such  expressions,  implying  utter  inability :  as, 
when  a  person  is  asked  for  money,  "  You  don't  suppose  2 
am  made  of  gold?  "  —  with  which  cf.  the  reply  of  hale, 
elderly  persons,  when  asked  "  How  are  you  ?  " — "  Hearty 
as  a  buck ;  but  can't  jump  quite  so  high  !  "  But  if,  in  ex- 
planation of  the  phrase  cited  by  our  correspondent,  we 
must  really  come  upon  the  stores  of  former  ages,  we 
would  suggest  that  the  phrase  "you  might  as  well  ask 
me  to  fly  in  the  air,"  was  specially  used  in  reply  to  those 
requests  which  could  not  be  carried  out  and  executed 
without  expeditiously  covering  a  certain  amount  of  dig* 
tance.  "  It  can't  be  done  in  the  time,  unless  I  could  fly" 
This  idea  carries  back  our  thoughts  to  the  winged 
seraphs  of  the  Old  Testament,  who  flew  to  execute  the 
divine  commands,  with  the  swiftness  of  lightning :  "  I  am 
a  man,  not  an  angel."  Or,  if  the  allusion  be  to  heathen 
times,  "  I  am  not  Iris,  the  winged  messenger  of  Juno ; 
nor  Mercury,  the  winged  messenger  of  Jove.  To  serve 
you,  I  would  willingly  do  any  amount  of  distance  on 
Shanks's  mare ;  but  don't  ask  me  to  fly  : " — meaning,  u  I 
shan't  bridge,  and  am  yours,"  &c.] 

BOLLED.  —  This  word  is  used  in  Exodus  ix.  31. 
What  is  its  exact  meaning  and  derivation  ? 

D.  S.  E. 

[The  passage  in  question  is  cited  in  Todd's  Johnson, 
where  it  is  stated  that  the  word  boll,  as  applied  to  flax, 
means  the  globule  which  contains  the  seed.  In  this  sense 
the  two  concluding  clauses  of  the  verse  correspond :  "  the 
barley  was  in  the  ear,  and  the  flax  was  boiled,  $o  LXX. 


2*d  S.  IX.  JAN.  14.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


29 


TO  8e  \ivov  <nrepii.a.ri£ov,  and  Vulg.,  "et  linum  jam  folliculos 
germmaret."  Other  interpreters  have  understood  that 
the  flax  was  in  that  state  when  it  had  the  corollas  of 
flowers;  and  others,  again,  that  it  was  in  the  stalk  or 
haulm.  Something  may  be  said  in  favour  of  either  view ; 
but  we  incline  to  that  first  given,  both  as  respects  the 
English  word  boiled,  and  the  true  meaning  of  the  original 
passage  in  Exodus.] 

ANGLO-SAXON  LITERATURE. — I  should  be  obliged 
if  you  would  name  one  or  more  books  giving  gra- 
phic accounts  of  Anglo-Saxon  manners  and  insti- 
tutions. S.  P. 

[The  following  works  will  help  our  correspondent  to 
an  acquaintance  with  Anglo-Saxon  manners  and  institu- 
tions : — Sharon  Turner's  History  of  the  Anglo-  Saxons,  4  vols. 
8vo.  1802-5 ;  Palgrave's  -Rise  and  Progress  of  the  English 
Commonwealth,  Anglo-Saxon  Period,  4to.  1832 ;  Palgrave's 
History  of  England,  Anglo-Saxon  Period  (Family  Li- 
brary), 1831 ;  Lappenberg's  History  of  England  under  the 
Anglo-Saxon  Kings,  translated  by  B.  Thorpe,  2  vols. 
8vo.  1845 ;  The  Saxons  in  England,  by  J.  M.  Kemble, 
2  vols.  8vo.  1849  ;  Polydore  Vergil's  English  History,  by 
Sir  Henry  Ellis  (Camden  Society),  4to.  1846 ;  Strutt's 
Chronicle  of  England,  4to.  2  vols.  1777-8 ;  Strutt's  Corn- 
pleat  View  of  the  Manners,  Customs,  Arms,  fyc.  of  the  In- 
habitants of  England,  3  vols.  4to.  1775-6  ;  Strutt's  Sports 
and  Pastimes,  4to.  1801 ;  and  Miller's  History  of  the  An- 
glo-Saxons (Bohn's  Illustrated  Library),  1856 ;  while  for 
Anglo-Saxon  literature  generally  he  may  consult  Mr. 
Thomas  Wright's  Coup  d'GEil  sur  le  Progres  et  sur  VEtat 
de  laLitteratureAnglo-SaxonneenAngleterre,  8vo.  1836.] 

THE  COAN.  — In  Chambers' s  Annals  of  Scotland, 
under  the  date  of  Oct.  1602  (vol.  i.  p.  369.),  there 
is  a  notice  of  a  feud  between  the  clans  of  Mac- 
kenzie of  Kintail  and  Macdonald  of  Glengarry. 
After  a  number  of  outrages  on  both  sides,  Mr. 
John  Mackenzie,  parson  of  Dingwall,  taking  ad- 
vantage of  Glengarry's  absence  on  the  Continent, 
accused  him,  before  the  Lords  of  Council  at  Edin- 
burgh, of  being  instigator  of  a  certain  murder  ; 
and  also  "  he  proved  him  to  be  a  worshipper  of 
the  Coan,  which  image  was  afterwards  brought  to 
Edinburgh,  and  burned  at  the  Cross."  What 
was  the  Coan  f  DORRICKS. 

[As  authors  who  mention  "  the  Coan,"  appear  to  write 
under  the  impression  that  their  readers  understand  the 
phrase,  we  trusted  that  there  were  some  who  knew  more 
about  it  than  we  do,  and  that  a  former  Query  on  the 
subject  (2nd  S.  vii.  277.)  would  bring  us  a  speedy  answer 
from  our  friends  in  the  North.  In  the  hope  that  we  may 
yet  receive  a  reply  from  those  who  are  best  able  to  give 
it,  we  shall  content  ourselves  for  the  present  with  offering 
a  conjecture. 

As  "  the  Coan"  was  "  an  image  used  in  witchcraft"  and 
as  it  was  also  "  worshipped  "  —  an  "  object  of  idolatry  " — 
we  know  not  what  to  understand  by  it  but  an  image  of 
the  devil.  The  devil  was,  by  general  repute  and  consent, 
the  object  of  witch -worship ;  and  we  are  not  aware  that 
there  was  any  other.  The  term  Coan  may  on  this  sup- 
position correspond  to  the  old  kuhni,  or  kueni,  which,  ac- 
cording to  Grimm  (Deut.  Mythol,  1835,  p.  562.),  is  still  a 
provincial  term  applied  in  Schweitz  (one  of  the  Swiss 
Cantons)  to  the  devil :  —  quasi  der  kuhne,  verwegene,  the 
audacious,  the  daring  one  ?  In  Lowland  Scotch,  also,  we 
find  "  Cowman"  the  devil ;  we  suspect, however,  that  the 
relation  between  Cowman  and  Coan  is  more  in  sound  than 
in  etymology. 


The  worship  of  the  devil  by  witches  is  a  practice, 
though  essential  to  our  theory,  too  notorious  to  need 
more  than  a  passing  notice  here.  In  the  14th  century,  a 
woman  confessed  "  se  adorasse  diabolum  illi  genua  flec- 
tendo."  (Grimm,  p.  600.)  Some  of  the  rites,  indeed,  are 
better  told  in  Latin  than  in  English.  "  Ibi  conveniunt 
cum  candelis  accensis,  et  adorant  ilium  caprum  osculantes 
eum  in  ano  suo  "  (p.  601.).  The  image,  or  form  in  which 
the  devil  was  worshipped,  was  generally  that  of  a  goat ; 
and  a  wooden  goat,  very  likely  meaning  no  harm,  may 
have  been  the  identical  Coan  that  was  burnt  at  Edin- 
burgh. The  alleged  custom  of  worshipping  the  devil  by 
lighting  candles  before  him  has  led  to  the  German  phrase 
"  dem  Teufel  ein  Licht  anstecken  "  (p.  566.),  which  elu- 
cidates our  own  "  holding  a  candle  to  the  devil."  And  in 
allusion  to  the  practice-  of  honouring  the  evil  one  with 
drink-offerings  or  libations  (Cf.  "  deofles  cuppan,"  the 
devil's  cup,  Ulfilas,  1  Cor.  x.  21.),  it  is  still  usual  in  Ger- 
many to  say  that  a  man  leaves  an  offering  for  the  devil 
("  lasse  dem  Teufel  ein  Opfer  "),  when  he  does  not  empty 
his  glass.  Hence  our  own  vernacular  phrase,  when  a 
manfinishes  the  tankard,  of  "  not  leaving  the  devil  a  drop." 
Thus  many  of  our  commonest  expressions  have  a  latent 
connexion  with  remote  antiquity ;  for  German  mythology 
is  as  old  as  the  hills. 

In  connecting  "Coan"  (through  " kueni,"  the  devil,) 
with  the  modern  Ger.  kiihn,  it  should  be  borne  in  mind 
that  among  the  old  forms  of  kiihn  we  find  kian,  chuen, 
and  chuan.  Adelung.~\ 

"PARLIAMENTARY  PORTRAITS." — Who  was  the 
author  of  an  8vo.  volume,  published  in  London  in 
1815,  and  entitled  Parliamentary  Portraits;  or, 
Sketches  of  the  Public  Character  of  some  of  the 
most  distinguished  Speakers  of  the  House  of  Com- 
mons ?  ABHBA. 

[These  parliamentary  sketches  are  by  Thomas  Barnes, 
late  principal  editor  of  The  Times,  who  died  7  May,  1841. 
They  were  contributed  to  The  Examiner,  at  the  time  it 
was  edited  by  Leigh  Hunt.  Moore  and  Hunt  were 
Barnes's  intimate  companions  in  youth,  and  differed  from 
him  in  nothing  but  the  politics  of  his  later  life.  Leigh 
Hunt,  speaking  of  his  imprisonment  in  1815,  says, 
"There  came  my  old  friend  and  schoolfellow,  Thomas 
Barnes,  who  always  reminds  me  of  Fielding.  It  was  he 
that  introduced  me  to  Alsager,  the  kindest  of  neighbours, 
a  man  of  business,  who  contrived  to  be  a  scholar  and  a 
musician."  Barnes  was  unquestionably  the  most  accom- 
plished and  powerful  political  writer  of  the  day,  and  par- 
ticularly excelled  in  the  portraiture  of  public  men.] 


ANNE  POLE. 
(2nd  S.  viii.  170.  259.) 

The  ladies  to  whom  NOTSA  referred  in  reply  to 
my  Query,  were  not  descended  from  the  same 
branch  of  the  Pole  family,  and  could  render  me 
no  assistance.  I  write  now  to  give  all  the  inform- 
ation I  can,  in  the  hope  that  it  may  lead  to  more. 
Anne  Pole  was  apparently  the  youngest  daughter 
and  eleventh  child  of  Sir  "Geffrye  Poole"  (as  he 
wrote  his  own  name  on  the  walls  of  the  Beau- 
champ  tower  in  1562),  the  brother  of  Cardinal, 
and  second  son  of  Sir  Richard  Pole,  K.G.  All 
the  Pole  or  Poole  pedigrees,  and  lives  of  Arthur 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2n<i  S.  IX.  JAN.  i4.  ''60. 


Hildersham,  agree  in  making  her  the  wife  or  se- 
cond wife  of  Thomas  Hildersham  of  Stechworth, 
Cambridge,  though  the  name  of  the  place  is  very 
variously  spelled.  The  arms  of  this  Thomas  Hil- 
dersham were  —  sable,  a  chevron  between  three 
crosses  patonce,  or.  He  was  the  son  of  Thomas 
Hildersham  (married,  1.  Miss  Hewston  of  Swaff- 
ham,  and  2.  Margaret  Harleston  of  Essex),  and 
grandson  of  Richard  Hildersham  (married  Miss 
Ratcliffe  of  Stechworth),  and  great  grandson  of 
Thomas  Hildersham  of  Ely.  (Harleian  MSS., 
1534.  fol.  121.  or  122.;  1449.  fol.  27  b. ;  1103. 
fol.  226.,  &e.).  He  had  also  two  brothers:  1. 
Richard,  who  removed  to  Moulton,  in  Suffolk, 
where  he  died  (30th  July,  1573)  ;  he  adopted 
three  cinque/oils  in  lieu  of  the  crosses  patonce  in  his 
arms;  and  his  will  was  proved  at  London,  llth 
Feb.  1573-4;  and  2.  William,  who  died  at  Cam- 
bridge, leaving  a  nuncupative  will,  proved  at 
London,  7th  June,  1599.  By  Anne  Pole  he  had 
the  well-known  Arthur  Hildersham  («  N.  &  Q." 
2nd  S.  viii.  474.),  born  6th  Oct.  1563,  at  Stech- 
worth ;  married,  5th  Jan.  1590,  to  Anne  Barfoot 
of  Lamborn  Hall,  Essex,  who  survived  him  ten 
years  ;  died  4th  March,  1631,  leaving,  as  appears 
by  his  will  (proved  at  Leicester,  7th  May,  1632), 
three  sons :  Samuel,  Timothy,  and  one  between, 
name  unknown  ;  and  one  daughter,  Sara  Luni- 
mas  or  Lomax.  In  this  will  he  mentions  his  bro- 
ther Richard,  but  whether  by  whole  or  half-blood 
does  not  appear.  Lady  Pole,  relict  of  Sir  Geof- 
frey, left  a  will,  proved  in  London  20th  Sept. 
1570,  in  which  she  mentioned  all  her  children 
known  to  be  living  at  the  time,  except  Anne. 
But  we  have  reason  to  suppose  from  Clarke's  Life 
of  Arthur  Hildersham,  annexed  to  his  Martyro- 
logy,  that  she,  as  well  as  her  husband,  was  alive 
when  Arthur  was  at  College,  which  could  not  be 
earlier  than  1578,  as  they  then  cast  him  off  on 
account  of  his  change  of  religion.  Moreover  they 
must  still  have  been  in  relation  with  the  Pole 
family ;  as  Thomas,  his  father,  had  intended  to 
get  him  forward  by  the  interest  of  the  Cardinal. 
From  this  time  all  trace  is  lost  of  Thomas  Hilder- 
sham and  Anne  Pole.  Information  is  required  as 
to  when  and  where  they  were  born,  married,  died, 
or  had  their  wills  proved;  as  to  the  name  of 
Thomas's  first  wife  or  Anne's  second  husband,  and 
as  to  their  other  children  by  this  or  other  mar- 
riages. The  registers  of  Stechworth  begin  in  1666, 
a  century  too  late,  and  contain  no  trace  of  the 
Hildershams.  Those  at  Moulton  contain  the 
births  of  the  second  family  and  the  death  of  Ri- 
chard Hildersham,  all  under  the  name  of  Elder- 
sam.  There  is,  however,  an  old  MS.  note  in  the 
fly-leaf  of  my  copy  of  Arthur  Hildersham's  Ser- 
mons on  the  51st  Psalm,  which  has  been  altered 
by  a  second  hand.  The  words  inserted  by  the 
second  writer  are  added  in  brackets,  and  those 
omitted  are  italicised  in  the  following  copy  i  — 


"  The  author  of  this  book,  Arthur  Hildersham,  was 
brother  in  law  or  half  brother  to  Miss  [Mr]  Ward,  they 
being  both  by  the  same  mother,  but  by  different  fathers, 
and  the  said  [who  had  issue]  Miss  "Ward  mar.  John 
Savidge  of  Ashby  Old  Park." 

This  would  imply  that  Anne  Pole  married  a 
Mr.  Ward  as  her  second  husband,  and  that  the 
Miss  Ward  was  her  daughter  or  grand- daughter 
by  this  marriage.  But  Anne  Pole's  grandson 
Samuel  was  probably  born  in  1592  (he  was  ejected 
from  the  living  of  West  Felton,  in  Shropshire,  as 
a  Nonconformist  in  1662),  and  it  is  therefore  not 
likely  that  her  grand-daughter  should  have  been 
born  in  1657,  and  died  in  1735,  like  this  Miss 
Ward.  A  generation  may  have  been  skipped  by 
the  writer.  Miss  Ward,  that  is,  Mrs.  Savidge,  is 
stated  on  her  tombstone  at  Ashby-de-la-Zouch, 
to  be  the  daughter  of  Thomas  and  Anne  Ward, 
and  her  own  name  was  Anne.  Her  parents  were 
of  Burton-on-Trent,  where  the  registers  have 
these  entries :  — 

"  1653.  Thomas  Ward,  paterfamilias,  sep.  18  Aug. 

"  1660.  Sara  Ward,  filia  Thorn,  et  Annse,  Bapt.  27 
Septembris. 

"  1662.  Thomas  Ward,  paterfamilias  :  sepultus  11 
March." 

The  recurrence  of  the  names  Anne  and  Sara 
(not  Sarah),  seem  to  favour  the  connexion  with 
Anne  Pole  and  Sara  Hildersham  (afterwards  Mrs. 
Lummas  or  Lomax).  I  am  particularly  interested 
in  tracing  this  connexion  between  Anne  Pole  and 
the  Wards.  The  latter  are  supposed  to  have  been 
originally  from  Stenson,  near  Derby,  and  may 
have  been  connected  with  the  Wards  of  Shenston, 
near  Lichfield,  whose  history  is  in  Nichols's  Lei' 
cestershire.  Any  information  which  would  tend 
to  verify  or  disprove  the  assertions  in  the  MS. 
note  above  cited,  will  be  most  thankfully  re- 
ceived. ALEX.  J.  EJLLIS. 

2.  Western  Villas,  Colney  Hatch  Park,  N. 


SEA-BREACHES. 
(2nd  S.  viii.  468.) 

I,  too,  have  heard  many  wonderful  stories  of  the 
inroads  of  the  sea  in  the  neighbourhoods  referred 
to  by  your  correspondent  (?).  Among  the  rest 
my  boyish  fancy  was  tickled  with  the  story  of  a 
Norfolk  Curtius  who  was  a  very  fat  man,  who 
stopped  a  breach  at  its  commencement  by  de- 
liberately sitting  down  in  it  while  others  placed 
sand-bags,  faggots,  &c.,  behind  him !  Subsequent 
inquiries  have  not  confirmed  this  anecdote.  The 
first  Act  of  Parliament  I  have  found  on  the  sub- 
ject is  Anno  Vicesimo  Septimo  Elizabethse  Re- 
ginae,  cap.  xxiv.  (1585).  This  recites  an  Act 
2  &  3  Philip  &  Mary,  for  employing  statute  labour 
on  highways;  states  that  such  labour  is  not  re- 
quired in  the  neighbourhood  of  these  banks,  and 
empowers  the  Justices  of  the  Peace  in  the  general 


2nd  S.  IX.  JAN.  14.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


31 


Sessions  of  the  County  of  Norfolk  to  transfer 
such  statute  labour  of  persons  residing  within 
three  miles  of  the  sea  banks  to  make  and  repair 
any  of  them,  which  are  not  and  ought  not  to  be 
made  and  maintained  at  the  particular  charge  of 
any  person  or  persons,  or  at  the  charge  of  any 
township,  or  by  Acre-shot,  or  other  common 
charge. 

This  act  is  continued  by  3  Car.  I.  c.  4.  and 
16  Car.  I.  c.  4.  The  next  act  is  7  James  I.  cap. 
xx.  The  Preamble  commences  :  — 

"  Whereas  the  sea  hath  broken  into  the  County  of 
Norfolk,  and  hath  surrounded  much  hard  grounds,  be- 
sides the  greatest  part  of  the  marshes  and  low  grounds 
within  the  Towns  and  Parishes  of  Waxtonesham,  Pall- 
ing, Hickling,  Horsey,"  and  about  seventy  other  parishes 
in  Norfolk  and  sixteen  in  Suffolk. 

"  For  remedy  of  so  great  a  Calamity  it  is  enacted, 
That  the  Lord  "Chancellor  shall  from  time  to  time  award 
Commissions  under  the  Great, Seal  to  the  Lord  Bishop  of 
Norwich,  and  to  eleven  or  more  Justices  of  the  Peace  of 
Norfolk  and  to  Six  or  more  Justices  of  Suffolk," 

•who  have  powers  given  them  to  levy  a  tax  for 
the  repair  of  the  breaches  and  various  other 
necessary  purposes. 

This  Act,  which  at  first  was  temporary,  was 
continued  by  3  Car.  I.  c.  4.  s.  28.,  and  made  per- 
petual by  16  Car:  I.  c.  4.  The  Act  of  Elizabeth 
was  also  only  temporary. 

I  have  been  unable  to  discover  any  other  Act 
on  this  subject ;  nor  do  I  know  under  what  Act 
the  Commissioners  of  Sea  Breaches  recently  levied 
a  rate  on  these  parishes.  Nor,  though  I  have 
heard  that  there  is  an  Act,  as  your  correspondent 
says,  to  make  it  penal  to  cut  the  "  marrum,"  have 
I  discovered  one.  But  by  the  15  &  16  Geo.  II. 
c.  33.,  "  plucking  up  and  carrying  away  starr,  or 
bent,  or  having  it  in  possession,  within  five  miles  of 
the  sandhills,  was  punishable  by  fine,  imprison- 
ment, and  whipping."  This  refers  to  Lancashire 
and  the  N.W.  counties.  I  copy  it  from  Halliwell, 
who  quotes  it  from  Moor's  Suffolk  Words.  I  can 
show  that "  marrum"  was  anciently  called  "  starr" 
in  Norfolk. 

I  have,  I  fear,  made  this  reply  extend  to  a  very 
unreasonable  length ;  but  I  am  very  anxious  to 
learn  (and  willing  to  impart  also,  when  I  know) 
anything  concerning  the  drainage  of  the  marshes 
formed  by  the  rivers  discharging  themselves  into 
the  sea  at  Yarmouth.  I  formerly  put  a  Query 
on  this  subject  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  but  it  elicited  no 
reply.  It  is  somewhat  singular  that  so  little 
should  be  known  about  it,  as  the  Abbey  of  St. 
Bennet's  in  the  Holm  had  such  large  possessions 
in  these  marshes,  which  probably  was  the  cause  of 
the  Bishop  of  Norwich  (who  succeeded  to  the 
property  of  that  abbey)  being  made  a  commis- 
sioner by  the  act  7  James  I.  cap.  xx.  But  I  find 
from  the  review  in  the  Athenaeum  of  the  Chronicle 
of  John  of  Oxnedes  —  a  monk  of  this  abbey  — 
that  some  information  is  there  given  as  to  inun- 


dations at  Hickling,  Horsey,  &c.,  in  one  of  which 
nine  score  persons  perished,  and  the  water  rose 
a  foot  above  the  high  altar  in  Hickling  Priory.  I 
have  not  yet  seen  the  work  itself,  but  hope  to  do 
so,  and  to  discover  in  it  something  bearing  on  the 
question.  E.  G.  R. 


THE  «TE  DEUM"  INTERPOLATED? 
(2nd  S.  viii.  352.) 

What  is  the  "  offensiveness  "  of  the  three  ver- 
sicles  in  the  "  Te  Deum  "  (11 — 13),  "enumer- 
ating the  Three  Persons  of  the  Trinity  "  ?  Sup- 
posing the  "  Te  Deum "  to  have  been  written, 
according  to  the  current  tradition,  when  an  emi- 
nent Father  of  the  Church  was  baptized,  the 
same  threefold  enumeration  would  doubtless  take 
place  in  the  baptismal  formula,  as  enjoined  by 
our  Lord  himself  (Matt,  xxviii.  19.).  What  of- 
fence, then,  if  it  appeared  simultaneously  in  a 
hymn  composed  on  the  occasion  ? 

On  examining  the  text  of  the  "  Te  Deum,"  as 
it  exists  in  the  oldest  records,  we  find  no  shadow 
of  a  pretext  for  supposing  that  the  three  versicles 
in  question  "  are  interpolated."  The  Latin  text, 
which  is  unquestionably  the  oldest,  has  them ;  so 
has  the  old  German  or  Teutonic,  into  which  the 
"^Te  Deum "  was  rendered  in  the  early  part  of 
the  ninth  century  (**  seculi  IX'  initio  in  Theotis- 
cam  linguam  conversus  ")  ;  in  fact,  no  old  Version 
is  without  them.  Even.  Sarnelli,  of^all  conjectural 
critics  apparently  the  most  slashing  and  crotchety, 
who  would  fain  omit  versicles  2 — 10.,  leaves  vv. 
11 — 13  intact.  According  to  his  suggestion  the 
versicles  would  run  thus:  1,  11,  12,  13,  &c. ;  not 
that  there  seems  to  be  the  least  pretence  for  this 
omission,  any  more  than  for  that  of  vv.  11 — 13. 

Any  attempt  to  infer  the  interpolation  of  the 
three  versicles  from  the  supposed  "  sequence  of  the 
hymn,"  (first  the  even  versicles  answering  the 
odd,  and  afterwards  the  odd  answering  the  even), 
must  be  taken  with  a  grain  of  salt.  That  the 
*'  Te  Deum  "  was  originally  divided  as  it  is  now, 
there  seems  great  reason  for  doubting.  Its  pre- 
sent number  of  versicles  is  29.  But  in  the  Teu- 
tonic version,  already  referred  to,  the  whole  29 
make  only  16  distinct  portions,  thus  :  —  1,  2  ;  3, 
4;  5,  6;  7—9;  10—13;  14—16;  17;  18,  19; 
20  ;  21  ;  22,  23  ;  24,  25  ;  26  ;  27;  28  ;  29.  Again  ; 
three  versicles  of  the  hymn  as  it  now  stands,  4 — 6, 
are  but  an  expansion  of  a  single  verse  of  Isaiah 
(vi.  3.).  Little  can  be  inferred,  then,  from  the 
sequence  or  correspondence  of  the  versicles,  as  we 
now  have  them  in  their  separate  state. 

We  are  thus  led  to  ask  the  question,  What  can 
have  first  suggested  the  idea  of  an  interpolated 
"  Te  Deum  "  ?  Can  it  by  any  possibility  be  Bona- 
ventura's  astounding  parody  ?  There,  the  *'  Te 
Deum  laudamus  "  becomes  "  Te  matrem  Dei  lau- 
damus;"  and  the  three  versicles,  11 — 13,  are 


32 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ix.  JAN.  14.  '60. 


actually  struck  out,  the  "  Three  Persons  of  the 
Trinity  "  give  place,  in  order  that  the  Virgin  may 
be  worshipped  instead ! 

Struck  out :  — 
"  Patrem  immense  majestatis ; 
Venerandum  tuum,  verum,  et  unicum  Filium ; 
Sanctum  quoque  Paracletum  Spiritum." 

Substituted :  — 
"  Matrem  divinje  majestatis, 
Venerandam  te  veram  Regis  ccelestis  puerperam, 
Sanctam  quoque  dulcedinem  et  piam." 

Can  it  be  this  appalling  substitution  which  first 
suggested  the  idea  that  the  three  older  versicles 
are  an  interpolation  ?  THOMAS  BOYS. 


THE  SUFFRAGAN  BISHOP  OF  IPSWICH. 

(2nd  S.  viii.  225.  296.  316.) 
In  reference  to  Thomas  Manning,  suffragan 
Bishop  of  Ipswich,  in  1536,  perhaps  the  following 
information  relative  to  the  terms  on  which  he  re- 
tired from  the  office  of  Prior  of  Butley,  in  Suffolk, 
may  neither  be  useless  to  inquirers,  nor  destitute 
of  interest  generally.  I  copy  it  from  considerable 
collections  made  by  myself  some  years  since  for 
the  History  of  St.  Mary's  College,  intended  to 
have  been  established  in  Ipswich  by  Cardinal  Wol- 
sey,  and  better  known  as  Cardinal's  College  —  an 
establishment  which  may  be  said  indeed  to  have 
possessed  no  real  history,  as  although  the  build- 
ings were  nearly  completed,  the  institution  shared 
the  fate  of  its  founder,  and  fell  into  disgrace  with 
him  who  had  conceived  the  excellent  project. 
The  article  I  now  forward  was  taken  from  the 
Chapter  House  Papers  ;  but  the  particular  refer- 
ence, so  that  the  document  might  be  consulted  by 
others,  I  have  at  present  mislaid.  Manning  suc- 
ceeded Augustine  Rivers  as  Prior  of  Butley,  who 
died  Sept.  24,  1528,  and  was  buried  in  St. 
Anne's  chapel  in  the  church  of  the  monastery. 
Manning  also  became  the  last  Warden  of  the  Col- 
lege of  Metyngham. 

"  It  is  agreed  on  the  King's  or  Soveraigne  lordes  be- 
halfe,  that  Thomas,  Suffragan  of  Gippeswiche,  shall  have 
these  thinges  folowyng  :  — 

«  Annuyties  and  Wages. 

Ffirst  an  annuytie  or  yerly  pension  for 
the  terme  of  his  liff  of  xx  marks. 

Item,  reasonable  pensions  to  be  granted 
to  the  chanons  of  Butley,  and  ther 
wages  due  also  to  be  payd  -  -  .  .  „  . 

Item,  the  wages  of  all  the  servants  to  be 


"  Jewelrys,  Plate,  and  household  Stuff. 

Item,  he  shall  have  the  mytre  and 
crosse  staff,  w*  all  his  pontificalls  -  ... 

Item,  he  shall  have  his  chamber  stuffe 
in  the  Priory  of  Butley,  w*  all  tha 
app'tenance,  and  also  all  the  plate  be- 
longing as  -well  to  his  owne  chamber 
and  table,  as  also  goyng  abrode  in  the 


Ix  combes. 
xxx  combes. 
x. 


X. 

v  score. 


house  (the  plate  of  the  churche  alone 
excepted)        - 

Item,  he  shall  have  the  good  porcion  of 
the  stuff  of  household  as  Brasse,  pew- 
ter, copper,  candell,  and  other  thinges 
like 

"  Corn  and  Catall 

Item,  he  shall  have  barley  and  malte  - 
Item,  he  shall  of  whete       - 
Item,  he  shall  have^  horse  and  geldings 
Item,  he  shall  have  mares    - 
Item,  he  shall  have  bullocks 
Item,  he  shall  have  of  kyne 
Item,  he  shall  have  of  shepe 

"  Dettes  to  be  payd. 

Item,  such  dettes  as  be  owyng  to  any 
persons  to  be  payd,  that  is  to  say  to 
the  children  of  Robert  Mannyng  -  xxxiiij1. 

Item,  to  the  Kynsman  of  William  Pres- 
ton -  XXX1. 

Item,  to  Alies  Broke  -  xl1. 

Item,  to  the  children  of  Robert  Manyng 

the  younger     -----    xxvj.  xiii.  iiij. 
Item,  to  the  Kynsfolke  of  Sr  Alexander 

Redberd xi. 

Item,  to  Mr  Wryotesley,  &c.        -        -    xl  yearly. 
Item,  to  John  Jay  the  ferme  of  Grandy 

hall  for  -        -        -        -        -        -    xl  yeares. 

Item,  to  the  Prio*  Sister  one  annut  for 

the  term  of  life        -        -        -        -    iij.  vj.  viij. 
Item,  of  the  vestments  of  the  churche 

ij,  copes  iij,  ij  vestments  for  the  prests 

and  or  chain1"." 

I  possess  other  memorials  relating  to  this  Tho- 
mas Manning,  which  shall  be  given  to  "  N.  &  Q." 
as  soon  as  I  find  them.  JOHN  WODDERSPOON. 

Norwich. 


TRANSLATIONS  MENTIONED  BY  MOORE  (2nd  S. 
ix.  12.)  —  In  reply  to  the  inquiry  of  SENEX,  I 
beg  to  say  that  I  am  the  "  Mr.  Smith  "  who  sent  the 
Greek  music  and  Greek  translations  to  Thomas 
Moore  in  1826. 

The  English  title  of  the  work  in  question  is 
Specimens  of  Romaic  Lyric  Poetry  with  a  Trans- 
lotion  into  English :  to  which  is  prefixed  a  concise 
Treatise  on  Music,  by  Paul  Maria  Leopold  Joss. 
Printed  for  Richard  Glynn,  36.  Pall  Mall,  1826. 

Mr.  Joss  was  a  distinguished  German  gentle- 
man, jurist,  and  scholar,  with  whom  I  was  ac- 
quainted in  Cephalonia,  where  he  held  a  civil 
office  under  our  government.  Afterwards  he  be- 
came a  professor  in  the  Ionian  University,  and  a 
practitioner  at  the  bar  in  Corfu.  He  was  there 
when  I  last  heard  of  him,  and  there  I  hope  he 
still  lives  and  thrives.  If  SENEX  have  any  diffi- 
culty in  procuring  a  copy  of  the  work  mine  is  at 
his  service.  HENRY  P.  SMITH. 

Sheen  Mount,  East  Sheen. 

CLAUDIUS  GILBERT  (2nd  S.  iv.  128.)  — He  en- 
tered Trin.  Coll.  Dublin,  23d  March,  1685,  aged 
sixteen  ;  was  son  of  Claudius  Gilbert,  "  Theo- 
logii,"  and  was  born  and  educated  at  Belfast. 

Y.S.M. 


2*d  S.  IX.  JAN.  14.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


33 


JOHN  GILPIN  (2nd  S.  viii.  110.)  —"In  a  small 
volume  containing  a  printed  book  dated  1587, 
and  various  manuscripts  chiefly  written  by  a 
clergyman,  Christopher  Parkes  (Yorkshire),  with 
dates  from  1655  to  1664,  and  in  another  hand 
1701,  also  on  the  fly-leaf  amongst  other  direc- 
tions, showing  that  the  volume  was  in  demand,  is 
written,  —  *  To  be  left  att  Mr.  John  Gilpin's 
House  att  the  Golden  Anchor  in  Cheapside  att 
ye  corner  of  Bread  S:  London.'  This  was  not 
written  after  1701,  and  may  have  been  written 
before  that  date." 

"  Cowper's  ballad  was  first  printed  in  1782,  but 
without  the  information  that  it  was  founded  upon 
a  story  told  him  by  Lady  Austen,  a  widow,  who 
heard  it  when  she  was  a  child.  Mr.  West  writes 
in  1839,  that  Mr.  Colet  told  him  fifty  years  ago, 
say  about  1789,  or  seven  years  after  the  publi- 
cation of  the  ballad,  that  one  Beyer,  then  in  his 
dotage,  and  who  did  not  live  at  the  corner  of 
Bread  Street,  was  the  true  Gilpin.  Mr.  Colet 
did  not  get  the  true  story  from  Mr.  Beyer,  which 
must  have  differed  from  the  poet's  amplified  and 
excusably  exaggerated  tale.  The  fact  is  that 
Beyer  knew  nothing  about  Gilpin  till  he  read 
Cowper's  ballad :  he  was  not  a  train-band  captain. 
The  reason  why  the  true  Gilpin  was  not  disco- 
vered is  because  nobody  looked  for  him  amongst 
the  earlier  records  of  the  city  and  its  trade  com- 
panies. His  name  was  supposed  to  be  fictitious, 
because  he  did  not  live  in  Cowper's  time,  and  it 
was  not  generally  known  that  Lady  Austen  had 
told  him  an  old  story." 

The  above  has  been  handed  to  me  by  a  learned 
friend,  now  aged  eighty,  who  tells  me  that  his 
mother  told  him  the  story  of  John  Gilpin,  eo 
nomine,  in  his  childhood,  and  said  she  had  heard 
it  when  a  child.  A.  DE  MORGAN. 

NOTE  ABOUT  THE  RECORDS  TEMP.  EDWARD  III. 
(2nd  S.  viii.  450.)  — The  contributor  of  this  Note 
has  not  stated  its  source,  nor  the  date,  either  of 
its  being  written,  or  of  the  record  from  which  it 
was  derived.  The  latter  appears  to  be  in  1341, 
when  Edward  the  Third  had  reigned  "  these  four- 
teen yeares,"  and  at  which  time  Thomas  de  Eves- 
ham  (whose  name  is  turned  into  Evsann)  suc- 
ceeded John  de  St.  Paul  as  Master  of  the  Rolls. 
But  we  ought  also  to  be  informed  where  this 
memorandum  was  found,  and  at  least  the  ap- 
parent age  of  the  MS.,  which,  from  the  spelling,  is 
perhaps  not  anterior  to  Elizabeth  or  James  the 
First.  J.  G.  N. 

THE  PRUSSIAN  IRON  MEDAL  (2nd  S.  viii.  470.) 
— The  Prussian  iron  medal  was  not  given  to  those 
Prussian  patriots  who  in  the  wars  against  Nap.  I. 
sent  in  their  jewels  and  plate  for  their  country's 
service,  but  to  those  who,  as  civilians  or  non- 
combatants,  accompanied  the  Prussian  armies.  A 
full  description  of  it  may  be  found  in  Bolzenthal's 


work  on  medals  (Denkmunzen),  ed.  1841,  p.  26., 
No.  74.,  and  a  representation  of  it  in  plate  xvi  of 
the  same  work.  Motto,  "  Gott  war  mit  uns.  Ihm 
sey  die  Ehre !  "  ("  God  was  with  us.  To  Him  be 
the  glory  !  ")  And  on  the  field,  "  Fur  Pflichttreue 
/im/  Kriege."  (For  fidelity  in  the  war.)  Form 
oval,  with  a  ring  for  suspension.  To  all  com- 
batants was  granted  a  circular  medal  of  captured 
gun  metal  (No.  73.).  So  far  as  those  patriots 
who  devoted  their  jewels  and  plate  are  concerned, 
the  facts  are  these.  All  being  surrendered,  "  La- 
dies wore  no  other  ornaments  than  those  made  of 
iron,  upon  which  was  engraved :  '  We  gave  gold 
for  the  freedom  of  our  country ;  and,  like  her,  wear 
an  iron  yoke.1 "  A  beautiful  but  poor  maiden, 
grieved  that  she  had  nothing  else  to  give,  went 
to  a  hair-dresser,  sold  her  hair,  and  deposited  the 
proceeds  as  her  offering.  The  fact  becoming 
known,  the  hair  was  ultimately  resold  for  the 
benefit  of  fatherland.  Iron  rings  were  made,  each 
containing  a  portion  of  the  hair  ;  and  these  pro- 
duced far  more  than  their  weight  in  gold. 

Such  is  the  account  given  in  Edwards's  History 
and  Poetry  of  Finger  Rings,  1855,  pp.  190,  191. 
The  author  refers  in  a  note  to  The  Death  War- 
rant, or  Guide  to  Life,  1844  (London),  a  work 
which  I  have  not  been  able  to  meet  with. 

THOMAS  BOYS. 

LODOVICO  SFORZA.— In  "N.  &  Q."  (2nd  S.  vii. 
47.)  I  asked  why  Lodovico  Sforza  was  called 
"  Anglus."  Among  the  replies  given,  MR.  BOASE 
(2nd  S.  vii.  183.)  referred  to  a  medal  on  which 
Galeazzo  Maria  Sforza  was  styled  "  Anglerie-que 
Comes."  My  attention  has  since  been  drawn  to 
a  passage  in  Cancellieri's  Life  of  Columbus,  edi- 
tion of  1809,  p. .212.  note  :  in  which,  quoting  from 
Ratti's  account  of  the  Sforza  family,  he  states 
that  "  the  title  of  Counts  of  Anghiera,  which  had 
belonged  to  the  Visconti,  was  retained  by  the 
Sforzas,  their  successors."  Signor  Ratti  adds, 
that  Anghiera  having  formerly  had  the  rank  of  a 
city,  and  having  lost  that  rank,  Lodovico  Sforza 
restored  it  by  two  very  ample  charters.  This  act 
strengthens  the  claim  of  Lodovico  to  the  title, 
Anglus,  given  him  by  Scillacio.  Anglerius,  or 
Anglus,  is  formed  from  Angleria,  the  Latin  for 
Anghiera.  NEO-EBORACENSIS. 

MISPRINT  IN  SEVENTH  COMMANDMENT  (2nd  S. 
viii.  330.)  —  A  correspondent  inserts  a  Query  re- 
specting the  edition  of  the  English  Bible,  in  which 
the  word  "  not "  was  omitted  from  the  seventh 
commandment.  The  edition  in  which  this  error 
occurs  was  printed  in  1631,  not  in  1632.  If  Nix 
will  refer  to  "  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  v.  389,  390.,  he  will 
see  this  edition,  and  two  others  of  the  same  year, 
particularly  described.  It  is  said  that  there  is  a 
fourth  issue  with  a  different  title-page.  This  I 
have  not  seen,  but  the  three  others  are  distinct 
reprints. 


34 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«*S.  IX.  JAN.  14.  '60. 


I  have  also  in  my  possession  a  copy  of  a  German 
Bible,  Luther's  version,  printed  at  Halle  in  1731, 
small  12mo.,  in  which  the  same  omission  occurs  in 
the  same  commandment.  (See  Ebert,  No.  219.) 
Could  this  have  also  been  accidental  ? 

I  desire  at  this  time  to  correct  a  mistake  in  the 
article  above  referred  to  (p.  390.).  In  speaking 
of  the  American  editions  of  the  Douny  and 
Rhemish  version,  the  printer  has  made  me  say, 
"  there  was  a  fourth  edition  printed  in  Phila- 
delphia in  1804,  from  the  fourth  Dublin  edition, 
and  perhaps  another  edition  previously."  The 
first  fourth  was  superfluous  ;  and  I  am  now  satis- 
fied that  no  edition  of  this  version  was  printed 
between  the  years  1790  and  1805. 

NEO-EBORACENSIS. 

MS.  NEWS  LETTERS  (2nd  S.  yiii.  450.)— In 
answer  to  the  Query  if  any  particular  series  of 
such  letters  exist,  I  beg  to  say  —  on  the  authority 
of  Mr.  Adam  Stark — that  the  Town  Council  of 
Glasgow  was  believed  to  have  retained  a  profes- 
sional newswriter  for  the  purpose  of  a  weekly 
supply  from  his  pen,  and  that  a  series  of  these 
newsletters,  descending  as  low  as  1711,  was  dis- 
covered in  Glammis  Castle,  Scotland.  I  cannot 
say  if  they  were  ever  printed. 

Ben.  Jonson  in  his  Masque  (presented  at  Court 
in  1600)  entitled  News  from  the  New  World, 
makes  one  of  the  characters  describe  himself  as  — 

"  Factor  for  news  for  all  the  shires  of  England.  I  do 
write  my  thousand  letters  aweek  ordinary,  sometimes  one 
thousand  two  hundred,  and  maintain  the  business  at 
some  charge,  both  to  hold  up  my  reputation  with  mine 
own  ministers  in  town,  and  my  friends  of  correspondence 
in  the  country.  I  have  friends  of  all  ranks  and  of  all 
religions,  for  which  I  keep  an  answering  catalogue  of 
despatch,  wherein  I  have  my  Puritan  news,  my  Protes- 
tant news,  and  my  Pontifical  News." 

Twenty-five  years  subsequently  to  this  Masque, 
Burly  Ben,  in  his  Staple  of  News  (acted  in  1625), 
clearly  notes  the  transition  from  the  written  to 
the  printed  news-paper  when  he  deprecatingly 
says  of  the  pamphlets  of  news  published  and  sent 
out  every  Saturday,  that  it  is  "  made  all  at  home, 
BO  syllable  of  truth  in  them;  than  which  there 
cannot  be  a  greater  disease  in  nature,  or  a  fouler 
scorn  put  upon  the  times." 

-"  .     ...    Unto  some, 
The  very  printing  of  them  makes  them  news 
That  have  not  the  heart  to  believe  anything 
But  what  they  see  in  print." 

W.  J.  STANNARD. 
Hatton  Garden. 

DERIVATION  OF  HAWKER  (2ndS.viji.432.)— The 
derivation  of  hawker  from  hawk  (accipiter)  pro- 
posed by  Alphonse  Esquiros,  is  just  that  which 
was  preferred  by  Skinner,  and  for  the  same  reason ; 
because  the  hawker,  like  the  hawk,  goes  to  and 
fro.  "  Hawkers  sic  dicuntur  quia,  instar  Accipi- 
trum,  hue  illuc  errantes  lucrum  seu  praedum  qua- 
quaversum  venantur."  (Etym.  Vocal.  Forens.) 


In  explanation  of  this  etymology  it  should  be 
borne  in,  mind  that  the  hawker,  who  is  now  a  seller, 
was  formerly  a  buyer ;  he  bought  up  articles,  and 
so  raised  their  price  in  the  market.  Hence  Skin- 
ner's allusion  to  the  predaceous  habits  of  the 
hawk. 

The  hawker's  habit  of  going  about  from  place 
to  place,  and  rambling  backwards  and  forwards, 
"  hue  illuc,"  is  also  a  point  of  correspondence  with 
the  habits  of  the  hawk  kind.  Some  hawks  sail  in 
perpetual  circles ;  the  Blue  Hawk  or  Hen  Harrier 
"  has  been  seen  to  examine  a  large  wheat  stubble 
thoroughly,  crossing  it  in  various  directions,  for 
many  days  in  succession."  (Yarrell,  British  Birds, 
1856,  i.  109.)  So  also  in  N.  America.  Red-tailed 
hawks  "  may  be  seen  beating  the  ground  as  they 
fly  over  it  in  all  directions."  (Nut-tall,  1840,  p. 
103.)  "  Hawkers,  persons  who  went  about  from 
place  to  place."  (Bailey.) 

Between  "hawks"  and  "hawkers,"  however, 
there  exists  an  etymological  link  which  is  generally 
overlooked  ;  namely,  in  the  verb  "  to  hawk,"  in  its 
old  but  not  very  usual  sense  of  going  to  and  fro. 
This  meaning  is  not  mentioned  in  the  Dictionaries; 
and  the  only  example  on  which  I  can  at  this  in- 
stant lay  my  hand  is  in  Bingley's  description  of 
the  dragon-fly.  "  The  Rev.  R.  Sheppard  informs 
me  that  in  the  summer  of  1801  he  sat  for  some 
time  by  the  side  of  a  pond,  to  observe  a  large 
dragon-fly  as  it  was  hawking  backwards  and  for- 
wards in  search  of  prey."  (Animal  Biog.  1813,  iii. 
233.) 

How  much  rushing  to  and  fro,  running  forwards, 
running  back,  as  the  rival  parties  prevailed,  in 
the  noble  game  of  hockey  !  Hockey  was  formerly 
Hawkey.  (Halliwell.) 

These  suggestions  are  simply  offered  in  illustra- 
tion of  the  etymology  of  "  hawker  "  proposed  by 
Skinner  ;  and  not  with  any  wish  to  depreciate  the 
derivation  which  your  correspondent  appears  to 
prefer.  THOMAS  BOYS. 

SENDING  JACK  AFTER  YES  (2nd  S.  viii.  484.) — 
Fielding,  at  the  end  of  Tom  Thumb,  uses  sending 
Jack  for  mustard  in  a  like  sense.  I  do  not  know 
why : — 

"  So  when  the  child,  whom  nurse  from  danger  guards, 
Sends  Jack  for  mustard  with  a  pack  of  cards, 
Kings,  queens  and  knaves  throw  one  another  down, 
And  the  whole  pack  lies  scattered  and  o'erthrown  ; 
So  all  our  pack  upon  the  floor  is  cast, 
And  my  sole  boast  is,  that  1  fall  the  last." 

FlTZHOPKINS. 

Garrick  Club. 


MONTHLY  FEUILLETON  ON  FRENCH  BOOKS. 

1.   Contes  et  Apologues  Indiens  inconnus  j usqu'a  ce  jour, 
suivis  de  Fables  et  de  Poesies  Chinoises,  traduction  de  M. 


IX.  JAN.  14.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Stanislas  Julien,  Membre  de  PInstitut.  2  vols.  12mo. 
Paris,  L.  Hachette. 

The  study  of  Oriental  literature  is  now  growing  rapidly 
in  France  as  elsewhere,  and  we  can  already  anticipate  the 
time  when  a  knowledge  of  Sanscrit  will  be  considered  an 
essential  element  in  every  gentleman's  education.  Messrs. 
Renan,  Caussin  de  Perceval,  Renan,  Eugene  Burnouf,  may 
be  named  amongst  those  who  have  chiefly  aided  in  bring- 
ing about  this  result,  and  the  two  volumes  to  which  we 
would  call  the  attention  of  our  readers  are  attempts — and 
very  happy  ones  —  to  interest  the  reading  public  in  re- 
searches which  must  open  up  literary  treasures  of  the 
most  remarkable  character. 

Both  India  and  China  have  contributed  to  the  volumes 
translated  by  M.  Stanislas  Julien,  under  the  title  Contes 
et  Apologues  Indiens,  for  the  amusing  tales  there  collected 
originally  came  from  the  banks  of  the  Ganges ;  the  San- 
scrit text,  however,  exists  no  more,  and  it  is  from  a  Chinese 
version  that  the  French  savant  has  been  obliged  to  perform 
his  own  task.  The  development  of  Buddhism  in  the 
"  celestial  empire  "  sufficiently  explains  why  the  Indian 
Avaddnas,  or  similitudes,  should  exist  at  the  same  time  in 
the  double  form  just  now  mentioned.  An  additional 
value  is  imparted  to  the  Contes  et  Apologues  by  the  fact 
that  they  have  hitherto  escaped  the  observation  of  all 
those  whose  pursuits  are  directed  towards  either  Sanscrit 
or  Chinese  literature.  M.  Stanislas  Julien  discovered  the 
whole  collection  in  a  Chinese  Cyclopaedia,  where  it  occurs 
with  the  metaphoric  title  Yu-lin  (the  forest  of  similes'). 
The  author  of  this  work  seems  to  have  been  a  man  named 
Youen-thal,  or  Jou-hien,  who,  after  having  obtained  (so 
says  the  Catalogue  of  the  Imperial  Library  at  Pekin) 
a  doctor's  degree  in  1565,  rose,  at  a  later  period,  to  the 
important  post  of  chief  justice.  The  Yu-lin  is  compiled 
from  eleven  recueils  of  similes  or  comparisons,  the  titles 
of  which  are  enumerated  by  M.  Julien ;  it  is  an  extremely 
valuable  production,  if  we  either  examine  its  intrinsic 
qualities  or  compare  it  with  analogous  works  of  Greek  or 
Latin  origin.  We  can  only  hope  that  the  learned  trans- 
lator will  be  induced  to  proceed  with  his  undertaking,  and 
to  give  us  his  promised  version  of  the  Fa-youen-tchou-lin, 
as  also  another  volume  of  Chinese  fables.  By  way  of 
sequel  to  the  Indian  Avaddnas,  which  make  up  the 
greater  part  of  the  work,  M.  Julien  has  added  a  few 
pieces  purely  Chinese  by  origin,  and  these  are  not  the  less 
curious  feature  in  the  series. 

2.  Nouvelles  Chinoises,  traduction  de  M.  Stanislas  Julien. 
12mo.  Paris,  L.  Hachette. 

M.  Stanislas  Julien  informs  us  in  the  Preface  to  this 
volume,  that  "  les  Chinois  possedent  plusieurs  romans  his- 
toriques  fort  estimes,"  and  he  now  offers  a  specimen  of 
mandarinic  fiction  both  to  the  readers  who  are  fond  of 
Oriental  literature,  and  to  the  more  frivolous  who  like 
novels  and  tales  in  whatsoever  garb  they  may  appear. 
Certainly,  after  studying  the  sayings  and  doings  of 
modern  heroes  and  heroines,  the  chronicles  of  modern 
fashionable  life  and  the  mysteries  of  French  boudoirs,  it 
must  be  uncommonly  piquant  to  know  how  love-affairs 
were  conducted  in  China  during  the  fourteenth  century, 
and  to  be  engrossed  by  the  adventures  of  Mister  Wang- 
yung  and  Mademoiselle  Tiao-tchan.  However,  it  would 
have  been  quite  impossible  to  translate  in  extenso  one  of 
the  aforesaid  Chinese  novels,  reaching,  as  they  do,  to  the 
enormous  proportions  of  twenty  volumes  —  and  such  vo- 
lumes  !  Clarissa  Harlowe,  ScudeVy's  Clelie,  Alexandre 
Dumas'  Three  Musketeers,  it  is  true  are  fascinating  enough 
to  make  us  forget  their  rather  undue  length  ;  but  who  would 
undertake  to  wade  through  twice  ten  quartos  of  descrip- 
tions, conversations,  and  narratives,  about  John  China- 
man ?  Not  half  a  dozen  persons,  we  would  venture  to  say, 


amongst  the  subscribers  to  the  Bibliotheque  des  Chemins 
de  Fer.  M.  Stanislas  Julien  has  therefore  very  wisely 
limited  his  enterprising  spirit  to  a  selection  of  three  epi- 
sodes, which,  complete  in  themselves,  will  give  a  suffi- 
ciently correct  idea  of  the  imaginative  literature  of  the 
Chinese.  They  are  borrowed  from  an  historical  romance 
entitled  San-Kouz-tchi,  or  History  of  the  Three  King- 
doms. 

It  is  well  known  that,  about  the  year  220  of  our  era, 
when  the  Han  dynasty  became  extinct  with  the  emperor 
Hien-ti,  China  was  divided  into  three  kingdoms,  Cho,  Wei", 
and  Wou.  Under  the  reign  of  Hien-ti  lived  a  remarkable 
man,  Tong-tcho,  who  from  the  rank  of  a  general  quickly 
rose  to  become  prime  minister.  Then,  carried  away  by  his 
ambition,  he  rebelled  against  his  master,  dethroned  him, 
usurped  the  title  of  Governor-general  of  the  empire,  and, 
after  a  long  series  of  atrocities,  would  have  seated  him- 
self at  the  helm  of  the  state,  if  another  minister,  disgusted 
at  his  crimes,  had  not  caused  him  to  be  murdered.  It  is 
the  death  of  Tong-tcho  that  M.  Stanislas  Julien  selects 
as  the  opening  chapter  of  his  volume ;  the  name  of  the 
historian  who  compiled  the  annals  of  the  three  kingdoms 
is  Tchin-tcheou,  and  from  his  narrative  the  novelist  To- 
kouang-tchong  borrowed  the  chief  incidents  of  his  cele- 
brated romance,  San-koue'-tchi,  in  which,  according  to 
M.  Stanislas  Julien,  "  il  releva  Paridite  des  faits  par  un 
style  noble  et  brillant,  et  entremela  son  recit  d'episodes 
d'un  inte'ret  dramatique  .  .  .  .qui  sont  de  son  invention, 
et  qui  ont  puissamment  contribue"  au  succes  de  son  ou- 
vrage." 

The  second  extract  is  called  Hing-lo-tou,  or  The  Mys- 
terious Painting;  and  the  third,  Tse-hiong-hiong,  or  The 
Two  Brothers  of  Different  Sexes,  the  plot  of  this  last 
•tale  being  founded  on  one  of  those  disguises,  or  traves- 
tissements,  so  common  even  among  novelists  of  the  present 
day. 

3.  Les  Mbralistes   Orientaux,  Pense"es,  Mazimes,   Sen- 
fences,  et  Proverbes,  tires  des  meilleurs  ecrivains  de  POrient, 
recueillis  et  mis  en  ordre  alphabetique  par  A.  Morel, 
12mo.    Paris,  L.  Hachette. 

The  third  publication  we  have  to  mention  is,  like  the 
two  previously  noticed,  derived  from  Eastern  sources.  In 
a  collection  of  extracts  on  moral  philosophy,  the  first  place 
must  necessarily  be  given  to  those  nations  whose  penchant 
for  proverbs  and  pithy  sayings  has  always  been  so  strong. 
It  is  interesting  to  see  how  other  men  have  thought  on 
the  subjects  which  will  always  interest  the  whole  of  hu- 
manity, and  if,  to  quote  from  the  Preface  of  the  book  now 
under  consideration,  "  la  nature  des  proverbes  nous  ap- 
prend  le  caractere  et  le  genie  propres  de  chaque  nation," 
no  better  guide  can  be  suggested  to  an  accurate  know- 
ledge of  nationalities  than  a  work  like  M.  Morel's  Mo- 
ralistes  Orientaux.  "  Les  pense"es,"  the  translator  conti- 
nues, "  sur  notre  destination  et  notre  nature  sont  force"- 
ment  plus  sobres  ;  le  sujet  y  contient  et  refrene  1'ecrivain, 
sans  le  priver  d'esprit  et  d'agrement.  Ainsi  les  Chinois 
ont  le  style  inge"nieux  quand  ils  moralisent ;  les  Semites 
brillent  par  Penergie  pittoresque ;  les  Persans,  par  la  dou- 
ceur face'tieuse ;  les  Turcs,  par  la  gravite  hautaine ;  les 
Indiens,  par  une  elegante  simplicite."  This  enumeration 
includes  all  the  sources  from  which  M.  Morel  has  bor- 
rowed ;  the  Zend-Avesta,  the  Hitopadesa,  the  works  of 
Confucius,  the  Koran,  and  the  Gulistan  of  Saadi,  will  be 
found  largely  quoted  from  in  this  volume,  which  embraces, 
besides,  a  large  variety  of  extracts  supplied  by  the  canonic 
and  apocryphal  Books  of  the  Old  Testament.  A  short 
account,  both  biographical  and  bibliographical,  of  the 
authors  laid  under  contribution,  has  been  prefixed,  and 
also  a  very  copious  Index,  for  the  purposes  of  reference. 

4.  La  Vie  de  Saint  Thomas  le  Martyr,  Archeveque  de 
Canterbury,  par  Gamier  de  Pont  Saint  Maxence,  pofete 


36 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


g.  jx  JAN,  14.  '60. 


du  douzieme  siecle ;  public's  et  pr&e'de'e  d'une  Introduc- 
tion, par  C.  Hippeau,  Professeur  a  la  Faculte'  des  Lettres 
de  Caen.  8vo.  Paris,  A.  Aubry. 

The  history  of  the  quarrel  between  Thomas  k  Becket 
and  King  Henry  II.  is  one  which  has  been  the  source  of 
many  controversies.  Some  writers  still  exist  Avho,  for- 
getting what  the  position  of  the  Church  was  during  the 
middle-ages,  would  fain  represent  the  Archbishop  as 
merely  an  ambitious,  intolerant,  and  domineering  prelate, 
anxious  to  secure  his  own  power,  whilst  pretending  to 
uphold  the  authority  of  the  Church;  M.  Augustin 
Thierry,  as  most  of  our  readers  know,  bent  upon  seeing 
throughout  the  whole  range  of  English  history  a  perpe- 
tual conflict  of  races  between  the  Saxons  and  the  Nor- 
mans, and  to  consider  the  life  of  Thomas  k  Becket  as  an 
episode  in  this  struggle,  and  to  represent  the  Constitution 
of  Clarendon  and  the  subsequent  tragedy  as  a  further  act 
of  tyranny  exercised  by  the  invaders  over  the  conquered 
English.  M.  Hippeau,  in  his  most  interesting  and  in- 
structive Preface,  does  not  go  so  far  ;  and,  instead  of 
seeing  in  this  transaction  a  question  of  nationalities,  he 
explains  it  altogether  as  the  natural  issue  of  that  contest 
which  has  always"  been  going  on  between  the  temporal  and 
the  spiritual  powers  —  the  Church  and  the  State.  "  The 
quarrel,"  says  M.  Hippeau,  "n'est  autre  chose  qu'une 
question  de  competence  judiciaire.  Mais  quand  le  droit  de 
juger  et  de  punir  est  un  objet  de  contestation  entre  deux 
puissances  aussi  considerables  que  Pe'taient  au  douzieme 
siecle,  d'un  cote  1'Eglise  stipulant  en  quelque  sorte  pour 
les  peuples,  et  de  1'autre  la  Royaute,  soutenue  dans  ses 
pretentious  par  les  chefs  de  1'aristocratie  militaire,  elle  ne 
pouvait  que  prendre  des  proportions  immenses." 

Amongst  the  numerous  writers  who  have  left  us  bio- 
graphies and  memoirs  of  Thomas  &  Becket,  one  of  the 
most  important  is  Gamier  de  Pont  Saint  Maxence,  whose 
Chronicle  is  now  for  the  first  time  published  in  an  entire 
form.  The  Abbe'  De  la  Rue  (Bardes  et  Trouveres,  vol.  iii.) 
had  already  given  an  account,  though  short  and  insuf- 
ficient, of  that  annalist.  M.  Immanuel  Bekker  had  edited 
(Memoires  de  V Academic  de  Berlin,  yols.  for  1838  and 
1846)  a  few  fragments  from  his  Chronicle,  and  Dr.  Giles, 
alluding  to  him  in  his  history  of  the  prelate,  does  not 
consider  the  details  he  supplies  as  deserving  much  atten- 
tion. We  are  quite  inclined  to  think  with  M.  Hippeau 
that  Gamier  de  Pont  Saint  Maxence  is  on  the  contrary 
one  of  the  best  authorities  concerning  the  eventful  life  of 
Thomas  &  Becket,  and  that  he  is  indeed,  "  sur  tous  les 
points  essentiels,  d'une  exactitude  scrupuleuse." 

The  curious  reader,  by  referring  to  vol.  xxiii.  of  the 
Histoire  Littemire  de  la  France  will  find,  from  the  pen  of 
M.  V.  Leclerc,  an  able  notice  of  our  rhymester ;  we  shall 
therefore  merely  state  here  that  Gamier  was  in  England 
during  the  year  1172,  that  is  to  say,  two  years  after  the 
murder  of  the  prelate,  and  that  he  spent  four  in  the  com- 
position of  his  Chronicle. 

«  Guarnier  li  clercs  di  Punt  fine-ci  sun  sermun 
Del  martir  Saint  Thomas  et  de  sa  passiun ; 
Et  meinte  fez  li  list  a  la  tumbe  al  barun. 
L'an  secund  ke  li  sainz  fu  en  1'eglise  ocis 
Comenchai  cest  roman  et  mult  m'en  entremis. 
Des  privez  Saint  Thomas  la  ve'rite'  apris." 

A  first  narrative,  which  he  wrote  under  the  exclusive 
impression  of  his  own  feelings  and  of  his  partiality  for 
Thomas  a  Becket,  appears  to  have  been  less  satisfactory : — 

"  Primes  treitai  de  joie  et  sovent  i  menti ; 
A"  Chantorbire  alai ;  laveriteoi; 
Des  amis  Saint  Thomas  la  verite  cuilli 
Et  de  eels  ki  1'aveient  des  s'enfance  servi." 

Garnier's  poem  consists  of  5,872  lines  in  the  Alexandrine 
measure,  divided  by  the  rhyme  into  stanzas  of  fire  lines 


each ;  it  forms  a  complete  biography  of  the  Archbishop, 
and  has  been  published  from  a  manuscript  in  the  Impe- 
rial Library  at  Paris  (No.  6236,  Suppl  Fran^ais)  manu- 
script which  formerly  belonged  to  Richard  Heber.  The 
British  Museum  possesses  also  two  manuscripts  of  this 
metrical  Chronicle  (Hurl  No.  270,  and  Cotton,  Domitian, 
xi.),  but  both  are  incomplete.  The  Wolfenbuttel  manu- 
script, edited  by  M.  Bekker  (Leben  des  H.  Thomas  von 
Canterbury,  alt  Franzosischen,  Berlin,  1838),  is  better 
than  the  English  texts,  though  inferior  to  the  French 
one ;  it  has  furnished  M.  Hippeau  with  a  supplemental 
fragment  describing  the  public  penance  which  the  King 
of  England  had  to  undergo  in  Canterbury  cathedral. 
The  Introduction,  extending  to  nearly  sixty  pages,  not 
only  gives  the  history  of  the  poem,  and  all  the  bibliogra- 
phical details  connected  with  it,  but  also  discusses  very 
fully  the  life  and  character  of  Thomas  k  Becket.  We 
shall  not  examine  any  further  this  portion  of  the  work, 
except  in  order  to  remark  that  M.  Hippeau  discards  as 
entirely  fictitious  the  famous  story  respecting  Mathilda 
and  Gilbert,  first  recorded  by  an  anonymous  compiler  in 
the  Quadrilogus  of  1495,  and  subsequently  adopted  by 
M.  Augustin  Thierry  and  Dr.  Giles,  merely  on  such 
doubtful  authority.  Not  one  of  Becket's  contemporaries 
alludes  to  the  romantic  intercourse  between  the  Saracen 
maiden  and  Gilbert  k  Becket,  whilst  Gamier  de  Pont 
Saint  Maxence,  and  many  other  writers  of  the  same 
epoch,  mention  the  Archbishop's  parents  as  being  both 
of  Norman  extraction. 

We  recommend,  in  conclusion,  M.  Hippeau's  book 
most  especially  to  the  English  reader,  who  cannot  but  be 
Interested  by  the  fresh  light  it  throws  upon  a  momentous 
episode  in  the  history  of  this  country.  The  name  of  the 
publisher,  M.  Aubry,  is  enough  to  guarantee  the  beauty 
and  correctness  of  the  volume  as  a  specimen  of  French 
typography.  GUSTAVB  MASSON. 

Harrow-on-the-Hill. 


Among  other  Papers  of  interest  which  will  appear  in  our  next  Number, 
will  be  Burghead,  Clavie  and  Durie;  English  Comedians  in  Germany; 
Prohibition  of  Prophecies  ;  General  Literary  Index,  &c. 

THE  INDEX  TO  VOLUME  EIGHT  unll  be  issued  with  "N.  &  Q."  of  Satur- 
day, January  21. 

CHELSEGA.  The  Carol  called  Joy's  Seven  is  well  known,  and  printed 
in  Sandys'  Christmas  Carols,  p.  157. 

E.  W.    The  oft  quoted, 

"  Well  of  English  undeflled," 
is  from  Spenser's  Faerie  Queen,  Book  IV.  Canto  2.  St.  32. 

EXUL'S  Anagram,  "  Quid  est  veritas?  Vir  est  qui  adest,"  has  already 
appeared  in  "  N.  &  Q.,  2nd  S.  vii.  114. 

X.  A.  X.  Only  Part  I.  of  Edward  Irving's  Missionary  Oration  was 
published. 

ZETA.    Bollard,  in  his  British  Ladies,  says,  "  What  use  Elizabeth 
Legge  made  of  her  learning,  or  whether  she  wrote  or  translated  any  thing, 
I  know  not.   -  The  following  works  are  not  in  the  British  Museum, 
,  1821  ; 

Works,  1794  __  nne  Flinerss  aot  te  Jez- 
reelite,  1844,  is  a  dramatic  poem.  -  Edward  Lewis  was  of  St.  John's 
College,  Cambridge,  A.M.  1726  --  Edward  Stanley,  author  o/Elmira, 
1790,  does  not  appear  in  Romilly's  Catalogue. 

L.  R.  P.    "  Sending  to  Coventry  "  has  been  noticed  in  our  1st  S.  vi.  318. 


Jephtha's  Daughter 
DarwelVs  Poetical  "Works,  1794 


Revenge  Defeated  and  Sell-Punished,  1818; 
Anne  Flinders's  Naboth  the  Je 


F.  K.  The  Speeches  on  the  Equalisation  of  the  Weights  and  Mea- 
sures, 1 790,  were  by  Sir  John  Riggs  Miller,  Bart,  as  stated  on  the  title- 
page  of  the  pamphlet. 

ERRATA.  — 2nd  S.viii.  p.  497.  col.  i.  line  13.  from  bottom  for  "Ann 
Countess  of  Harington,  read  "Lady  Harington,  the  widow  of  John 
Baron  Harington  above  mentioned:"  2nd  S.  ix.  p.  6.  col.  ii.  1.9.  for 
"  Thirteenth,"  read  "  Seventeenth;  "  p.  12.  col.  ii.  last  line  but  2.  for 
"  Sitherland,"  read"  Litherland." 

"NOTES  AND  QUEKIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  11*.  id.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  MESSRS.  BKLL  AND  DAU>Y,186.  FLEET  STREET,  B.C.;  to  whom 
all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  THH  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


ix.  JAN.  14.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


H.  E.  Bicknell.Esq. 
T.  8.  Cocks,  Esq. 
G.  H.  Drew,  Esq.  M.A. 
W.  Freeman,  Esq. 
F.  Fuller,  Esq. 

j.  r~ 


WESTERN    LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 
ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON, S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1849. 

Directors. 

E.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Marson-Eaq. 
A.  Robinson,  Esq. 

J.L.  Seager,Esq. 
__  .B.  White, Esq. 

'H.  Goo'dhart.Esq. 

Physician.— W.  R.  Basham,  M.D. 

Bankers Messrs.  Cocks,  Biddulph.andCo. 

Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  this  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  paying  a  Premium,  as  permission  is  given  upon 
application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  the  con- 
ditions Detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 
LOANS  from  100?.  to  500*.  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 

SeAtten^ion  is  also  invited  to  the  rates  of  annuity  granted  to  .old  lives, 
for  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  society. 
Example :  100L  cash  paid  down  purchases— An  annuity  of — 
£  s.  d. 

lo   4   o  to  a  male  life  aged  60) 
12    3    1  „  65  (Payable  as  long 

14  16   3  „  70  f    as  he  is  alive. 

18  11  10  .,  75.F 

Now  ready,  10th  Edition,  price  7s.  6d.,  of 

MR.     SCRATCHLEY'S     MANUAL,     on 

FRIENDLY  SOCIETIES,  with  RULES,  TABLES,  and  an  EXPO- 
SITION of  the  TRUE  LAW  OF  SICKNESS. 
SHAW  &  SONS,  Fetter  Lane  ;  and  LAYTONS,  150.  Fleet  Street,  E.C. 

UNITED   KINGDOM 

LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  LONDON, 


The  Funds  or  Property  of  the  Company  as  at  31st  Decem- 
ber, 1858,  amounted  to  652,618/.  3s.  IQd.,  invested  in 
Government  or  other  approved  securities. 

THE  HON.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  ESQ.,  Deputy-Chairman. 

INVALID  LIVES.  — Persons  not  in  sound  health  may  have  their 
lives  insured  at  equitable  rates. 

ACCOMMODATION  IN  PAYMENT  OF  PREMIUMS.-  Only  one- 
half  of  the  Annual  Premium,  when  the  Insurance  is  for  life,  is 
required  to  be  paid  for  the  first  five  years,  simple  interest  being 
charged  on  the  balance.  Such  arrangement  is  equivalent  TO  AN 

IMMEDIATE    ADVANCE    OP  50   PER   CENT.   UPON    THE    ANNUAL    PREMIUM, 

without  the  borrower  having  recourse  to  the  unpleasant  neces- 
sity of  procuring  Sureties,  or  assigning  and  thereby  parting  with  his 
Policy,  during  the  currency  of  the  Loan,  irrespective  of  the  great 
attendant  expenses  in  such  arrangements. 

The  above  mode  of  insurance  has  been  found  most  advantageous 
when  Policies  have  been  required  to  cover  monetary  transac- 
tions, or  when  incomes  applicable  for  Insurance  are  at  present 
limited,  as  it  only  necessitates  half  the  outlay  formerly  required 
by  other  Companies  before  the  present  system  was  instituted  by 
this  Omce. 
LOANS  —are  granted  likewise  on  real  and  personal  Securities. 

Forms  of  Proposal  and  every  information  afforded  on  application 
to  the  Resident  Director, 

8.  Waterloo  Place,  Pall  Mall,  London,  S.W. 
By  order, 

E.  LENNOX  BOYD,  Resident  Director. 

ANDSOME  BRASS  and  IRON  BEDSTEADS. 


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Manufacturers,  196.  Tottenham-court  Road,  W. 


ACHROMATIC  MICROSCOPES.  —  SMITH, 
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MR. 

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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


37 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JANUARY  21.  18GO. 


NO.  212.  — CONTENTS. 

NOTES:— "Books  Burnt:"  — Lord  Bolingbroke,  37  — 
Burghead:  Singular  Custom:  Clavie:  Durie,  38 —  Gene- 
ral Literary  Index:  Index  of  Authors,  39  — The  Execu- 
tioner of  King  Charles  I.,  41  —  Edward  Kirke,  the  Com- 
mentator on  Spenser's  "  Shepheard's  Calender,"  42. 

MINOE  NOTES  :  —  Origin  of  "  Cockney  "  —  Unburied  Coffins 

—  Historical  Coincidences  :  French  and  English  Heroism 
at  Waterloo  and  Magenta— The  French  in  Wales  — Ju- 
nius,  42. 

QUERIES:  — Lord  Macaulay  —  Swift's  Marriage  —  Burial 
in  a  Sitting  Posture— Monteith  Bowl  —  Quotation  Wanted 

—  Excommunication  of  Queen  Elizabeth  —  King  Bladud 
and   his  Pigs  — Judges'  Costume  — Bp.  Downes'  "Tour 
through  Cork  and  Ross"— Celtic  Families  —  Magister 
Richard   Hewlett  —  Oldys's   Diary  —  The    Battiscombe 
Family  — Crowe  Family  —  Charles  II.  —  Pepysiana  —  The 
Young  Pretender— Sir  George  Paule  —  Pickering  Family 

—  Sir  Hugh  Vaughan,  44. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWEES  :  — Antonio  Guevara— Post  Of- 
fice in  Ireland  — Anthony  Stafford  —  Anonymous  Author 
—Orrery  — Sir  Henry  Rowswell  —  Bishop  Lyndwood,  46. 

REPLIES:  — English  Comedians  in  the  Nethei-lands,  48  — 
The  De  Hungerford  Inscription,  49  —  Prohibition  of  Pro- 
phecies, 50  —  Folk-lore  and  Provincialisms,  51  —  The  Mayor 
of  Market  Jew  or  Marazion  —  The  King's  Scutcheon  —  Sir 
Peter  Gleane  —  Arithmetical  Notation  —  Boydell's  Shak- 
speare  Gallery— Sir  Robert  le  Grys  — The  Three  Kings 
of  Colon  —  Cutting  one's  Stick :  Terms  used  by  Printers  — 
Heraldic  Drawings  and  Engravings  —  Three  Churchwar- 
dens —  Cabal—  Geering  —  Hildesley's  Poetical  Miscellanies 

—  Discovery  of  Gunpowder  Plot  by  the  Magic  Mirror  — 
Campbellton,  Argyleshire,  &c.,  54. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c: 


"BOOKS  BURNT:"  LORD  BOLINGBROKE. 
In  the  first  volume  of  the  Diaries  and  Corre- 
spondence of  the  Rt.  Hon.  George  Rose,  edited  by 
the  Rev.  Leveson  Vernon  Harcourt*,  I  find  the 
following  note,  which  may  be  added  to  your  re- 
cords of" Books  Burnt : "  — 

"Lord  Bolingbroke  had  printed  six  copies  of  his  Essay 
on  a  Patriot  King,  which  he  gave  to  Lord  Chesterfield, 
Sir  William  Wyndham,  Mr.  Lyttleton,  Mr.  Pope,  Lord 
Marchmont,  and  to  Lord  Cornbury,  at  whose  instance 
he  wrote  it.  Mr.  Pope  lent  his  copy  to  Mr.  Allen,  of 
Bath,  who  was  so  delighted  with  it  that  he  had  an 
impression  of  500  taken  off,  but  locked  them  up  se- 
curely in  a  warehouse,  not  to  see  the  light  till  Lord 
Bolingbroke's  permission  could  be  obtained.  On  the  dis- 
covery, Lord  Marchmont  (then  living  in  Lord  Boling- 
broke's house  at  Battersea)  sent  Mr.  Gravenkop  for  the 
whole  cargo,  who  carried  them  out  in  a  waggon,  and  the 
books  were  burnt  on  the  lawn  in  the  presence  of  Lord 
Bolingbroke." 

The  editor  has  attached  this  note  to  the  follow- 
ing early  entry  in  Rose's  Diary  :  — 

"  It  appears  by  a  letter  of  Lord  Bolingbroke's,  dated 
in  1740,  from  Angeville,  that  he  had  actually  written 
some  essays  dedicated  to  the  Earl  of  Marchmont,  of  a 
very  different  tendency  from  his  former  works.  These 
essays,  on  his  death,  fell  into  the  hands  of  Mr.  Mallet,  his 
executor,  who  had  at  the  latter  end  of  his  life  acquired  a 
decided  influence  over  him,  and  they  did  not  appear 
among  his  lordship's  works  published  by  Mallet ;  nor  have 

*  2  Vols.  8vo.    Bentley.    (Just  published.) 


they  been  seen  or  heard  of  since.  From  whence  it  must 
be  naturally  conjectured  that  they  were  destroyed  bjf  the 
latter,  from  what  reason  cannot  now  be  known ;  possibly, 
to  conceal  from  the  world  the  change,  such  as  it  was,  in 
his  lordship's  sentiments  in  the  latter  end  of  his  life,  and 
to  avoid  the  discredit  to  his  former  works.  In  which  re- 
spect he  might  have  been  influenced  either  by  regard  for 
the  noble  viscount's  consistency,  or  by  a  desire  not  to 
impair  the  pecuniary  advantage  he  expected  from  the 
publication  of  his  lordship's  works." 

Upon  this  Mr.  Harcourt  notes  :  — 

"  The  letter  to  Lord  Marchmont,  here  referred  to,  has  a 
note  appended  to  it  by  Sir  George  Rose,  the  editor  of  The 
Marchmont  Papers,  who  takes  a  very  different  view  of  its 
contents  from  his  father.  He  gravely  remarks,  that  as 
the  posthumous  disclosure  of  Lord  Bolingbroke's  inve- 
terate hostility  to  Christianity  lays  open  to  the  view  as 
well  the  bitterness  as  the  extent  of  it,  so  the  manner  of 
that  disclosure  precludes  any  doubt  of  the  earnestness  of 
his  desire  to  give  the  utmost  efficiency  and  publicity  to 
that  hostility,  as  soon  as  it  could  safely  be  done ;  that  is, 
as  soon  as  death  could  shield  him  against  responsibility 
to  man.  Sir  George  saw  plainly  enough  that  when  he 
promised  in  those  essays  to  vindicate  religion  against  di- 
vinity and  God  against  man,  he  was  retracting  all  that  he 
had  occasionally  said  in  favour  of  Christianity ;  he  was  up- 
holding the  religion  of  Theism  against  the  doctrines  of 
the  Bible,  and  the  God  of  nature  against  the  revelation  of 
God  to  man." 

It  is  painful  to  reflect  upon  this  prostration  of 
a  splendid  intellect;  and  I  am  but  slightly  re- 
lieved by  Lord  Chesterfield's  statement  in  one  of 
his  letters  published  by  Lord  Mahon,  in  his  edi- 
tion of  Chesterfield's  Works,  that  "  Bolingbroke 
only  doubted,  and  by  no  means  rejected,  a  future 
state."  Lord  Brougham  says  :  — 

"  The  dreadful  malady  under  which  Bolingbroke  long 
lingered,  and  at  length  sunk, — a  cancer  in  the  face, — he  bore 
with  exemplary  fortitude,  a  fortitude  drawn  from  the  na- 
tural resources  of  his  mind,  and  unhappily  not  aided  by 
the  consolations  of  any  religion ;  for,  having  early  cas*t 
off  the  belief  in  revelation,  he  had  substituted  in  its 
stead  a  dark  and  gloomy  naturalism,  which  even  re- 
jected those  glimmerings  of  hope  as  to  futurity  not 
untasted  by  the  wiser  of  the  heathens." 

We  know  that  Bolingbroke  denied  to  Pope  his 
disbelief  of  the  moral  attributes  of  God,  of  which 
Pope  told  his  friends  with  great  joy.  How  un- 
grateful a  return  for  this  "excessive  friendliness  " 
the  indignation  which  Bolingbroke  expressed  at 
the  priest  having  attended  Pope  in  his  last  mo- 
ments ! 

Bolingbroke  died  at  Battersea  in  1752,  and 
some  sixty  years  after  (in  1813),  a  home-tourist 
gleaned  in  the  village  some  recollections  of  Bol- 
ingbroke and  his  friend  Mallet.  The  tourist  was 
Sir  Richard  Phillips,  who,  in  the  early  portion  of 
his  Morning's  Walk  from  London  to  Kew,  in  1813, 
describes  Bolingbroke's  house  as  then  converted 
into  a  malting-house  and  a  mill !  Some  parts  of 
the  original  house,  however,  then  remained ;  and 
among  them  "  Pope's  room,"  in  which  he  wrote 
his  Essay  on  Man :  this  was  a  parlour  of  brown 
polished  oak,  with  a  grate  and  ornaments  of  the 
age  of  George  I. 


38 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«*  S.  IX.  JAN.  21.  '60. 


Now  for  the  reminiscences  of  the  two  philoso- 
phers :  — 

"  On  inquiring  for  an  ancient  inhabitant  of  Battersea 
(says  Sir  Richard),  I  was  introduced  to  a  Mrs.  Gilliard, 
a  pleasant  and  intelligent  woman,  who  told  me  she  well 
remembered  Lord  Bolingbroke ;  that  he  used  to  ride  out 
every  day  in  his  chariot,  and  had  a  black  patch  on  his 
cheek,  with  a  large  wart  over  bis  eyebrows.  She  was 
then  but  a  girl,  but  she  was  taught  to  look  upon  him 
with  veneration  as  a  great  man.  As,  however,  he  spent 
little  in  the  place,  and  gave  little  away,  he  was  not  much 
regarded  by  the  people  of  Battersea.  I  mentioned  to  her 
the  names  of  several  of  his  contemporaries,  but  she  recol- 
lected none,  expect  that  of  Mallet,  whom  she  said  she 
had  often  seen  walking  about  in  the  village,  while  he  was 
visiting  at  Bolingbroke  House." 

JOHN  TIMBS. 


BURGHEAD:  SINGULAR  CUSTOM:  CLAVIE: 
DURIE. 

The  village  of  Burghead  is  situated  on  the 
southern  shore  of  the  Moray  Frith,  about  nine 
miles  distant  from  Elgin,  the  county  town  of 
Morayshire.  Though  its  former  glory  has  now 
departed,  it  was  at  onetime  a  great  military  strong- 
hold, occupying  almost  the  whole  of  a  remarkable 
promontory  which  stretches  out  into  the  sea  in  a 
westerly  direction.  Unfortunately  for  the  anti- 
quary, the  fortifications  which  once  defended  it 
were  almost  all  demolished  in  the  course  of  im- 
provements on  the  harbour  and  the  village,  com- 
menced to  be  made  about  the  year  1808;  but  a 
beautiful  plan  of  them  with  sections  will  be  found 
in  General  Roy's  Military  Antiquities,  plate  xxxiii. 
Those  who  can  refer  to  this  map  may  observe  that 
the  innermost  of  the  four  ramparts,  which  run 
from  sea  to  sea,  makes  a  semicircular  curve  round 
a  particular  spot.  This  was  then  a  green  hollow, 
which  tradition  had  long  pointed  out  as  the  site 
of  the  well  of  the  fort;  and  excavations  under- 
taken here  in  1809  by  the  late  Wm.  Young,  Esq., 
resulted  in  its  discovery.  It  is  hewn  with  great 
care  and  skill  out  of  the  solid  rock,  and  still  yields 
a  supply  of  excellent  water.  An  account  of  this 
interesting  relic  of  the  past  is  said  to  be  contained 
in  the  Advertisement  to  the  second  edition  of  Pin- 
kerton's  Enquiry  into  the  History  of  Scotland  pre- 
ceding the  Reign  of  Malcolm  the  Third.  Edin. 
1814. 

The  existence  of  these  remains  has  given  rise 
to  various  opinions  regarding  the  early  history  of 
Burghead.  Roy,  and  those  who  take  him  as  their 
guide,  identifying  it  with  the  n-repwrbi/  orpcn-cforeSor 
of  Ptolemy  and  the  Ptoroton  of  the  treatise  De 
Situ  Britannia,  usually  attributed  to  Richard  of 
Cirencester,  consider  the  fortifications  to  have 
been  originally  the  work  of  the  Romans,  admit- 
ting, however,  that  the  Danes  may  have  after- 
wards in  some  degree  altered  them  during  their 
occupation  of  the  promontory.  On  the  discovery 
of  the  well,  antiquaries  of  this  school  unhesita- 


tingly gave  it  the  designation  it  still  popularly 
retains^  of  the  "  Roman  Well,"  and  it  has  even 
been  dignified  by  some  of  them  with  the  name  of 
a  Roman  Bath,  though  nothing  more  inconvenient 
for  the  purposes  of  a  lavatory  can  well  be  con- 
ceived. Stuart,  misled  in  this  way,  actually 
founds  an  argument  in  favour  of  Burghead  hav- 
ing been  a  Roman  station,  on  the  existence  there 
"  of  a  Roman  bath,  and  also  of  a  deep  well,  built 
in  the  same  manner  (!)  "  (Caledonia  Eomana,  2nd 
eel.  p.  214.)  But  as  this  is  certainly  the  "  Burgh  " 
or  Fort  of  Moray,  said  by  Torfaeus  (Orcadcs)  to 
have  been  built  (circa  A.  D.  850)  by  Sigurd,  a 
Norwegian  chief  who  had  invaded  that  part  of 
Scotland,  and  which  is  elsewhere  mentioned  by 
him  as  a  Norwegian  stronghold  under  the  name  of 
Eccialslacca,  there  are  others  who  believe  that 
both  the  fortifications  and  the  well  are  the  work 
of  the  Norsemen.  The  Naverna  of  Buchanan 
(Rerum  Scot.  Hist.},  which  that  author  repre- 
sents the  Danes  as  seizing  and  occupying  for  a 
time  in  the  reign  of  Malcolm  II.,  is  doubtless 
identical  with  Burghead,  as  Roy  correctly  sur- 
mises. Dr.  Daniel  Wilson,  a  high  authority  on 
all  questions  of  Scottish  archaeology,  is  of  opinion 
that  this  fort,  along  with  several  others  of  the 
so-called  Roman  posts  described  by  General  Roy, 
bears  conclusive  marks  of  native  workmanship. 
He  admits,  indeed,  that  Burghead  may  possibly 
include  some  remains  of  Roman  works. 

"  The  straight  wall,"  he  says,  "and  rounded  angles,  so 
characteristic  of  the  legionary  earthworks,  are  still  dis- 
cernible, and  were  probably  still  more  obvious  when 
General  Roy  explored  the  fort;  but  its  character  is  that 
of  a  British  fort,  and  its  site,  on  a  promontory  inclosed 
by  the  sea,  is  opposed  to  the  practice  of  the  Romans  in 
the  choice  of  an  encampment."  (Prehist.  Ann.  of  Scotland, 

^  The  object  of  the  present  communication  is  to 
give  a  short  account  of  a  singular  custom  that  has 
been  observed  in  Burghead  from  time  immemorial, 
in  the  hope  that  some  of  your  readers  will  be  able 
to  trace  its  origin,  as  well  as  the  etymology  of 
two  words,  unknown  elsewhere  in  the  north  of 
Scotland,  which  will  be  frequently  employed  in 
describing  it;  and  the  preceding  remarks  have 
been  made  as  possibly  affording  a  clue  to  guide 
the  researches  of  any  who  may  take  the  trouble  of 
inquiring  into  this  somewhat  curious  subject. 

On  the  evening  of  the  last  day  of  December, 
(Old  Style)  the  youth  of  the  village  assemble 
about  dusk,  and  make  the  necessary  preparations 
for  the  celebration  of  the  "  clavie."  Proceeding 
to  some  shop  they  demand  a  strong  empty  barrel, 
which  is  usually  gifted  at  once,  but  if  refused, 
taken  by  force.  Another  for  breaking  up,  and  a 
quantity  of  tar  are  likewise  procured  at  the  same 
time.  Thus  furnished  they  repair  to  a  particular 
spot  close  to  the  sea-shore,  and  commence  opera- 
tions. A  hole  about  four  inches  in  diameter  is  first 
made  in  the  bottom  of  the  stronger  barrel,  into 


2»d  S.  IX.  JAN.  21.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


39 


which  the  end  of  a  stout  pole  five  feet  in  length 
is  firmly  fixed  :  to  strengthen  their  hold  a  num- 
ber of  supports  are  nailed  round  the  outside  of 
the  former,  and  also  closely  round  the  latter. 
The  tar  is  then  put  into  the  barrel,  and  set  on 
fire;  and  the  remaining  one  being  broken  up, 
stave  after  stave  is  thrown  in  until  it  is  quite  full. 
The  "  clavie,"  already  burning  fiercely,  is  now 
shouldered  by  some  strong  young  man,  and  borne 
away  at  a  rapid  pace.  As  soon  as  the  bearer 
gives  signs  of  exhaustion  another  willingly  takes 
his  place ;  and  should  any  of  those  who  are  ho- 
noured to  carry  the  blazing  load  meet  with  an 
accident,  aS  sometimes  happens,  the  misfortune 
excites  no  pity  even  among  his  near  relatives.  In 
making  the  circuit  of  the  village  they  are  said 
to  confine  themselves  to  its  old  boundaries.  For- 
merly the  procession  visited  all  the  fishing  boats, 
but  this  has  been  discontinued  for  some  time. 
Having  gone  over  the  appointed  ground,  the 
"clavie"  is  finally  carried  to  a  small  artificial 
eminence  near  the  point  of  the  promontory,  and 
interesting  as  being  a  portion  of  the  ancient  forti- 
fications, spared  probably  on  account  of  its  being 
used  for  this  purpose,  where  a  circular  heap  of 
stones  used  to  be  hastily  piled  up,  in  the  hollow 
centre  of  which  the  "  clavie "  was  placed  still 
burning.  On  this  eminence,  which  is  termed  the 
"  durie,"  the  present  proprietor  has  lately  erected 
a  small  round  column  with  a  cavity  in  the  centre 
for  admitting  the  free  end  of  the  pole,  and  into 
this  it  is  now  placed.  After  being  allowed  to  burn 
on  the  u  durie  "  for  a  few  minutes,  the  "  clavie  " 
is  most  unceremoniously  hurled  from  its  place, 
and  the  smoking  embers  scattered  among  the  as- 
sembled crowd,  by  whom,  in  less  enlightened 
times,  they  were  eagerly  caught  at,  and  fragments 
of  them  carried  home  and  carefully  preserved  as 
charms  against  witchcraft.  At  a  period  not  very 
remote,  superstition  had  invested  the  whole  pro- 
ceedings with  all  the  solemnity  of  a  religious  rite, 
the  whole  population  joining  in  it  as  an  act  neces- 
sary to  the  welfare  and  prosperity  of  the  little 
community  during  the  year  about  to  commence. 
But  churches  and  schools  have  been  established  in 
Burghead,  and  the  "clavie"  has  now  degenerated 
into  a  mere  frolic,  kept  up  by  the  youngsters 
more  for  their  own  amusement  than  for  any  bene- 
fit which  the  due  performance  of  the  ceremony  is 
believed  to  secure.  Still  there  are  not  a  few  of 
the  "  graver  sort "  who  would  regret  if  such  a 
venerable,  perhaps  unique,  relic  of  antiquity  were 
numbered  among  the  things  that  are  past  and 
gone,  and  who  bestow  a  welcome  on  the  noisy 
procession  as  it  annually  passes  their  doors. 

Of  the  great  antiquity  of  the  practice  now  de- 
scribed there  can  be  no  doubt,  while  everything 
connected  with  it  clearly  indicates  its  religious 
character.  So  far  as  I  have  been  able  to  ascer- 
tain, the  "  clavie "  is  unknown  in  all  the  other 


fishing  villages  along  the  north-east  coast,  or  in- 
deed elsewhere  in  Scotland,  which  could  scarcely 
be  the  case  if  it  is  a  remnant  of  an  ancient  super- 
stition at  one  time  common  to  the  native  popula- 
tion of  the  north.  On  the  contrary,  the  inference 
seems  plain  that  it  was  once  foreign  to  the  soil 
where  it  afterwards  became  so  firmly  rooted.  But 
when,  whence,  and  by  whom  was  it  transplanted? 
If  I  might  hazard  a  conjecture  I  should  be  dis- 
posed to  look  to  Scandinavia  for  traces  of  the 
parent  stock.  Not  less  puzzling  is  the  etymology 
of  the  words  "  clavie  "  and  "  durie."  Webster 
gives  clevy  or  clevis  as  a  New  England  term  ap- 
plied to  a  draft  iron  on  a  cart  or  on  a  plough,  sug- 
gesting its  derivation  from  Lat.  clavis  ;  but  beyond 
the  similarity  of  their  literal  elements  there  ap- 
pears no  connexion  between  the  American  and 
the  Burghead  word.  Perhaps  I  ought  not  to 
omit  to  mention  that  the  villagers,  when  speaking 
of  the  fortifications  that  crowned  the  heights  of 
the  promontory,  invariably  call  them  "the  baileys," 
said  to  be  an  Anglicised  corruption  of  ballium, 
which  again  has  been  derived  from  the  Lat.  val- 
lum. 

Should  any  of  your  correspondents  be  induced 
by  what  I  have  written  to  take  up  the  investiga- 
tion of  these  curious  questions,  they  will  confer  a 
great  favour  by  communicating  the  result  of  their 
inquiries  to  "  N.  &  Q."  JAMES  MACDONALD. 

Elgin. 


GENERAL  LITERARY  INDEX.  — INDEX  OF 
AUTHORS. 

A  friend  of  Professor  Brewer,  editor  of  Rogeri 
Baconi  Opera,  under  the  superintendance  of  the 
Master  of  the  Rolls,  has  called  my  attention  to 
that  publication,  and  suggested  that  a  MS.  re- 
cently purchased  for  and  deposited  in  the  Chetham 
Library,  should  be  made  known  to  that  gentle- 
man. Not  having  yet  seen  the  volume  referred 
to,  I  know  not  whether  Mr.  Brewer  is  already 
acquainted  with  the  contents  of  this  MS. ;  but 
the  prospect  of  affording  acceptable  information 
to  others  interested  in  the  works  of  the  great  Eng- 
lish philosopher,  as  well  as  to  the  learned  Editor, 
induces  me  to  furnish  through  "  N.  &  Q."  the  de- 
scription of  the  MS.,  and  also  of  his  other  works, 
which  is  incorporated  in  the  new  Catalogue  of  the 
Chetham  Library. 

"  Bacon  (Roger)  The  Myrrour  of  Alchimy  (composed 
by  the  thrice  famous  and  learned  fryer  R.  B.,  sometime 
fellow  of  Martin  College,  and  afterwards  of  Brazen-nose 
Colledge  in  Oxenforde ;  also  a  most  excellent  and  learned 
discourse  of  the  admirable  force  and  efficacie  of  Art  and 
Nature,  with  certaine  other  worthie  treatises  of  the  like 
argument)."  Sm.  4to.  Creede,  Lond.,  1597. 

Imperfect,  wanting  the  title-page  and  first  four  pages : 
contains  pp.  84. 

(I  have  inserted  his  titles  which  I  find  here,  more  par- 
ticularly, because  I  find  that  the  writer  of  his  Life  in  the 
Biographia  Brit.,  art.  BACON,  appears  not  to  be '"  very 


40 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2»a  g.  IX.  JAN.  21.  '60. 


clear  whether  he  was  of  Merton  College  or  Brazen-nose 
Hall ;  and  perhaps,"  says  he,  "he  studied  at  neither,  but 
spent  his  Time  at  the  p'ublic  Schools."  See  his  Notes,  d 
and  e.)  —  Radcliffe. 

The  same  treatises  as  the  "  Speculum  Alchemic,"  etc., 
in  Part  n.  The  Latin  only  is  in  the  Bodleian.  In  the 
British  Museum  is  the  same  edition,  1597. 

"  Perspectiva  in  qua  ab  aliis  fuse  traduntur  succincte 
nervose  et  ita  pertractantur  ut  omnium  intellectui  facile 
pateant.  Nunc  primum  in  lucem  edita  opera  et  studio 
Johannes  Combachiii.  (Cum  tractatu  de  Speculis.)  4to. 
Francofurti,  1614." 

"In  eodem  volumine,  Specula  Mathematica.  In  qua 
ostenditur  potestaa  Mathematicae  in  scientiis  et  rebus  et 
occupationibus  huius  mundi." 

"  Item,  Joannis  Archiepiscopi  Cantvariensis  [Joannis 
Peccam],  Perspective  Commvnis  Libri  Tres.  Coloniae. 
1627." 

On  his  knowledge  of  all  sorts  of  glasses,  see  Dr.  Plot's 
Hist,  of  Oxfordshire,  p.  215.  seqq.,  and  Dr.  Freind.  His 
Perspectiva  is  in  the  5th  book  of  the  following :  — 

"  Opus  majus  ad  Clementem  IV.  Ex  MS.  codice  Dub- 
liniensi  cum  aliis  quibusdam  collate  nunc  primum  edidit 
S.  Jebb."  Fol.  Lond.,  1733. 

"  It  contains  a  multitude  of  things  that  one  would 
scarcely  expect  to  find  in  a  performance  under  this  title. 
For  it  was  the  custom  of  our  author  never  to  confine  his 
thoughts  too  strictly  unto  any  particular  subject ;  but  on 
the  contrary  believing,  as  he  did,  that  all  sciences  had  a 
relation  amongst  themselves,  and  were  of  use  to  each  other, 
and  all  of  them  to  Theology ;  it  was  very  natural  for  him 
to  illustrate  this  in  a  work  calculated  to  shew  how  the 
study  of  Divinity  might  be  best  promoted." —  Biog.  Brit. 
His  life  is  copiously  described  in  theBiographiaBritannica, 
and  in  the  Biographie  Universelle,  which,  observes  Dean 
Milman,  in  his  Latin  Christianity  (vol.  vi.),  "  has  avoided 
or  corrected  many  errors  in  the  old  biographies."  An 
analysis  of  the  "  Opus  Majus,"  which  is  a  collection  of 
the  several  pieces  he  had  written  before  the  year  1266, 
and  which,  to  gratify  the  Pope  Clement  IV.,  he  greatly 
enlarged  and  ranged  in  some  order,  is  given  in  the 
first  work  referred  to  above.  Picus  Mirandula,  Del  Rio 
Wierus,  and  others,  maintain  that  in  Roger  Bacon's 
works  there  is  a  great  deal  of  superstition.  See  Bayle's 
Diet.  But  "  throughout  Bacon's  astrological  section 
(read  from  p.  237.)  the  heavenly  bodies  act  entirely 
through  their  physical  properties — cold,  heat,  moisture, 
drought.  The  comet  causes  war,  not  as  a  mere  arbitrary 
sign,  nor  as  by  magic  influence  (all  this  he  rejects  as 
anile  superstition),  but  as  by  intense  heat  inflaming  the 
blood  and  passions  of  men.  It  is  an  exaggeration  un- 
philosophical  enough  of  the  influences  of  the  planetary 
bodies,  and  the  powers  of  human  observation  to  trace 
their  effects,  but  very  different  from  what  is  ordinarily 
conceived  of  judicial  astrology." — Milman.  Maier,  in  his 
Symbola  Aurece  Mensce,  proves  him  to  have  been  no  con- 
jurer, and  to  have  had  no  connexion  with  Friar  Bungay 
and  the  brazen  head.*  The  seven  years'  labour  feigned 
to  have  been  spent  on  this  head  must  have  been  given  to  the 
search  of  the  stone,  which  is  farther  proved  by  the  exist- 
ence of  some  alchemical  tracts  and  letters  passing  under 
Bacon's  name,  one  of  which  contains  a  valuable  chemical 
axiom,  applicable,  according  to  Maier,  to  many  other 
works  besides  Bacon's :  "  Cum  dico  veritatem  mendacium 
puta ;  cum  mendacium  veritatem." — Maier's  "  Symbola," 
etc.,  reviewed  in  Thomson's  Annals  of  Philosophy  (vol. 
vi.)  by  the  Rev.  J.  J.  Conybeare.  "  In  Geography  he 
was  admirably  well  skilled,  as  appears  from  a  variety  of 
passages  in  his  works,  which  show  that  he  was  far  better 

*  See  "The  famous  Historic  of  Fryer  Bacon,"  in 
Thoms's  Early  English  Fictions. 


acquainted  with  the  situation,  extent,  and  inhabitants, 
even  of  the  most  distant  countries,  than  many  who  made 
that  particular  science  their  study,  and  wrote  upon  it 
in  succeeding  times.  This  I  suppose  was  the  reason 
which  induced  the  judicious  Hackluyt  to  transcribe  a 
large"  discourse  out  of  his  writings  into  his  noble  collec- 
tion of  Voyages  and  Travels."  .  .  .  .  "  What  he  has  pub- 
lished is  taken  out  of  that  part  of  our  author's  'Opus 
Majus,'  in  which  he  treats  expressly  of  Geography,  and 
gives  so  clear  and  plain,  so  full  and  yet  so  succinct  an  ac- 
count of  the  then  known  world,  as,  I  believe,  is  scarcely 
to  be  found  in  any  other  writer  either  of  the  past  or  pre- 
sent age." — Biog.  Brit.  The  writer  here  gives  incorrect 
reference.  The  "  Excerpta  qusedam  de  Aquilonaribus 
mundi  partibus  ex  quarta  parte  Majoris  Operis  fratris  R. 
Baconi,"  are  not  in  Hackluyt's  collection,  but  that  of 
Purchas,  iii.  52 — 60. 

"  Baconus,  Bacconus,  seu  Bacho  (Rogerius)  De  Alche- 
mia  Libellus,  cui  titulum  fecit,  Speculum  Alchemije  v. 
Mangeti  Bibl.  Chemica,  i.  613-16.  Epistolaa  de  Secretis 
Operibus  Artis  et  Naturae,  et  DeNullitate  Magiae.  Opera 
Johannis  Dee,"  etc.,  617-26.  Printed,  according  to  the 
Biog.  Brit.,  "  Paris,  1542,  4to. ;  Basil,  1593,  8vo. ;  Ham- 
burgh, 1608,  1618,  8vo.  It  is  also  involved  in  the  fifth 
volume  of  the  Theatrum  Chemicum"  Dee's  notes  are  in 
the  Hamburgh  edition,  and  in  the  two  collections.  The 
Fire  Ordeal  is  here  noticed  as  having  been  used  by  Ed- 
ward the  Confessor  to  test  the  chastity  of  his  mother.  — 
Manget,  p.  624.  The  Aqua  Purgationis  of  the  Mosaic 
Law  is  also  referred  to,  p.  618.  (See  Acoluthus.)  "There 
were  ordeals  by  hot  water,  by  hot  iron,  by  walking  over 
live  coals,  or  burning  ploughshares.  This  seems  to  have 
been  the  more  august  ceremony  for  queens  and  empresses, 
undergone  by  one  of  Charlemagne's  wives,  our  own  queen 
Emma,  the  empress  Cunegunda." — Milman's  Latin  Chris- 
tianity, i.  397.  By  Theutberga  also,  wife  of  Lothaire  II, 
King  of  Lorraine,  see  Milman,  ibid.  ii.  364.  The  ordeal 
was  held  by  Hincmar  (De  Divortio  Hlotharii  et  Theut- 
bergae)  to  be  a  kind  of  baptism.  All  the  ritualists  — 
Martene,  Mabillon,  Ducange,  and  Muratori — furnish  ample 
citations.  In  the  tenth  and  eleventh  chapters  he  men- 
tions the  ingredients  of  gunpowder,  and  shows  his  know- 
ledge of  its  effects.  On  Alchemy,  or  the  art  of  transmuting 
metals,  of  which  our  author  has  left  many  treatises,  see 
Boerhaave's  Chemistry,  vol.  i.  p.  200.,  and  Maier's  Symbola 
Aurece  Mensce.  His  notions  on  the  medicinal  virtues  of 
gold,  the  aurum  potabile  or  golden  elixir,  are  found  in 
ch.  vii.,  in  "  Opus  Majus,"  p.  469.,  and  his  book  "  De 
retardatione  accidentium  senii"  (see  MSS.  infra.}.  In  the 
"Opus  Majus"  (pp.  466-72.)  is  mentioned  the  great 
secret,  the  grand  elixir  of  the  chemists,  far  beyond  the 
tincture  of  gold  in  its  effects.  An  enumeration  of  his  dis- 
coveries and  inventions  will  be  found  in  Dr.  Freind's 
History  of  Physic  (ii.  233.  et  seqq.}  ;  Morhofii  Polyhistor 
(vide  Index) ;  Brucker  (iii.  817-22.) ;  Milman's  History 
of  Latin  Christianity  (vi.  302.).  For  additional  refer- 
ences consult  Histoire  Litteraire  de  la  France.  His  various 
works,  manuscript  and  printed,  are  enumerated  in  Jebb's 
Prcefat.,  xiii. ;  Baleus,  342. ;  Pitseus,  366. ;  Leland's  Com- 
ment, de  S.  B.,  258. ;  Cave,  i.  741. ;  Oudin,  iii.  190.  The 
most  copious  list  is  in  Tanner's  Bibliotheca  Britannico- 
Hibernica.  A  list  of  printed  editions  will  be  found  in 
Watt.  See  also  MSS.  in  this  Catalogue,  and  Part  I. 

"  A  Catalogue  of  European  Manuscripts  in  the  Chetham 
Library. 

"  Bacon  (Roger)  Medical  Treatises  ;  vellum,  4 to.-, 
Saec.  xiii."  —  "A  collection  of  treatises  by  this  author, 
apparently  written  in  the  13th  century,  in  the  hand  which 
is  very  commonly  used  for  books  of  "this  description,  and 
which  differs  material^  from  books  of  Law  or  Theology. 
It  contains :  —  1.  p.  1 — 32  b.  His  treatise  de  retardatione 
accidentium  senectutis.  This  work  has  been  printed  at 


2nd  S.  IX.  JAN.  21.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


41 


Oxford,  1590  date.  But  the  printed  work  itself  is  very 
rare,  and  probably  would  be  much  improved  by  compari- 
son with  such  a  text  as  this.  2.  32  b — 34.  An  excerpt 
from  Bacon's  treatise  de  Regimine  Senum  et  Seniorum. 

3.  34  (b) — 37  b.  A  treatise  de  Balneis  senum  et  seniorum. 

4.  37  b.  The  Antidotarium :  '  quern  fecit  Rogerus  Bacon.' 
An  inedited  treatise.    5.  45  b.  A  treatise  'editione  sive 
compositione  fratris  Rogeri  Bacon,'  concerning  the  gra- 
duation of  medicines   and  the  composition   thereof  as 
founded  upon  the  rules  of  Geometry.    6.  58.  '  De  errori- 
bus  medicorum  secundum  fratrem  Rogerum  Bacon.'     A 
short  treatise  of  some  curiosity.    7.  75.  '  Excerpts  from 
the  Opus  Majus  of  Friar  Bacon,  as  published  by  Doctor 
Jebb.' 

"  F.  PALGRAVE. 

«  1843." 

This  description  is  on  a  leaf  recently  inserted. 
In  the  Catalogue  of  the  Manuscript  Library  of 
the  late  Dawson  Turner,  Esq.,  from  which  this 
volume  came,  there  is  an  "  abstract  from  an  ac- 
count of  the  several  articles  written  upon  one  of 
the  fly-leaves  by  Mr.  James  Cobbe,  through  whose 
hands  many  of  the  Spelman  MSS.  appear  to  have 
passed."  The  value  of  this  MS.  is  diminished 
by  the  circumstance  of  every  treatise  here  men- 
tioned being  deposited  in  the  Bodleian  and  other 
libraries.  BIBLIOTHECAR.  CHETHAM. 


THE  EXECUTIONER  OF  KING  CHARLES  I. 

The  following  curious  dialogue,  in  metre,  is 
copied  from  a  contemporary  broadside  in  the 
British  Museum,  and  is  probably  unique.  The 
date  of  publication  assigned  to  it  by  Thomason, 
the  collector  of  the  "King's  Pamphlets,"  is  the 
3rd  July,  1649.  The  sheet  is  surmounted  with  a 
rude  woodcut  of  the  executioner,  Richard  Bran- 
don, in  the  act  of  striking  off  the  head  of  King 
Charles,  whose  hat,  apparently  from  the  force  of 
the  blow,  is  thrown  up  into  the  air.  Between  the 
Dialogue  and  the  Epitaph,  there  is  also  a  repre- 
sentation of  a  coffin,  bearing  three  heraldic  shields 
on  its  side.  Perhaps  the  long-disputed  question, 
"  Who  was  the  executioner  of  Charles  I.  ?"  —  may 
be  determined  by  this  curious  contemporary 
broadside.  Brandon  died  on  Wednesday,  20th 
June,  1649,  and  was  buried  on  the  following  day 
in  Whitechapel  churchyard.  The  burial  register 
of  St.  Mary  Matfelon  has  the  entry  on  the  21st : 
"  Buried  in  the  churchyard,  Richard  Brandon,  a 
ragman  in  Rosemary  Lane ; "  to  which  has  been 
added:  "This  R.  Brandon  is  supposed  to  have 
cut  off  the  head  of  Charles  I."  It  is  said  that  the 
large  fee  (30Z.)  demanded  by  Brandon  for  his 
services  on  the  fatal  30th  of  January,  was  paid  to 
him  in  crown  pieces,  the  whole  of  which,  upon 
reaching  his  lodgings,  he  immediately  handed  over 
to  his  wife.  0. 

"  A    DIALOGUE ;    OR  A  DISPUTE   BETWEEN   THE   LATE 
HANGMAN  AND   DEATH. 

"  Hangm.  What,  is  my  glass  run? 
Death.    Yes,  Richard  Brandon. 


"  Hangman. 

"  How  now,  stern  Land-lord,  must  I  out  of  door? 
I  pray  you,  Sir,  what  am  I  on  your  score  ? 
I  cannot  at  this  present  call  to  mind, 
That  I  with  you  am  anything  behind. 

"  Death. 

"  Yes,  Richard  Brandon,  you  shall  shortly  know, 
There's  nothing  paid  for  you,  but  you  still  owe 
The  total  sum,  and  I  am  come  to  crave  it ; 
Provide  yourself,  for  I  intend  to  have  it. 

"  Hangman. 

"  Staj',  Death,  thou'lt  force  me  stand  upon  my  guard ; 
Methinks  this  is  a  very  slight  reward : 
Let's  talk  awhile,  I  value  not  thy  dart, 
For,  next  thyself,  I  can  best  act  thy  part. 
«  Death. 

"  Lay  down  thy  axe,  and  cast  thy  ropes  away, 
'Tis  I  command,  'tis  thou  that  must  obey ; 
Thy  part  is  play'd,  and  thou  go'st  off  the  stage, 
The  bloodiest  actor  in  this  present  Age. 

"  Hangman. 

"  But,  Death,  thou  know'st,  that  I  for  many  years, 
As  by  old  Tyburn's  records  it  appears, 
Have  monthly  paid  my  Taxes  unto  thee, 
Ty'd  up  in  twisted  hemp,  for  more  security ; 
And  now  of  late  I  think  thou  put'st  me  to't, 
When  none  but  Brandon  could  be  found  to  do't : 
I  gave  the  blow  caus'd  thousand  hearts  to  ache, 
Nay  more  than  that,  it  made  three  kingdoms  quake : 
Yet  in  obedience  to  thy  pow'rful  call, 
Down  went  that  Cedar,  with  some  shrubs,  and  all 
To  satisfy  thy  ne'er-contented  lust, 
Now,  for  reward,  thou  tell'st  me  that  I  must 
Lay  down  my  tools,  and  with  thee  pack  from  henco ; 
Grim  Sir,  you  give  me  a  fearful  recompence. 

«  Death. 

"  Brandon,  no  more,  make  haste,  I  cannot  stay, 
Thy  know'st  thyself  how  ill  /  brooke  delay ; 
Though  thou  hast  sent  ten  thousand  to  the  grave, 
What's  that  to  me,  'tis  thee  I  now  must  have : 
'Tis  not  the  King,  nor  any  of  his  Peers 
Cut  off  by  thee,  can  add  unto  thy  years ; 
Come,  perfect  thy  accompts,  make  right  thy  score ; 
Old  Charon  stays,  perhaps  he'll  set  thee  o'er. 

"  Hangman. 

"  Then  /  must  go,  which  many  going  sent ; 
Death,  thou  did'st  make  me  but  thy  instrument, 
To  execute,  and  run  the  hazard  to ; 
Of  all  thou  didst  engage  me  for  to  do, 
In  blood  to  thee  how  oft  did  I  carouse, 
Being  chief-master  of  thy  slaughter-house ! 
For  those  the  Plague  did  spare,  if  once  I  catcht  'em 
With  axe  or  rope  I  quickly  had  despatcht  'em. 
Yet  now,  at  last,  of  life  thou  wilt  bereave  me, 
And  as  thou  find'st  me,  so  thou  mean'st  to  leave  me : 
But  those  black  stains,  1  in  thy  service  got, 
Will  still  remain,  though  I  consume  and  rot. 
Strike  home,  all  conq'ring  Death !  I,  Brandon,  yield, 
Thou  wilt,  I  see,  be  Master  of  the  field. 

"  EPITAPH. 

"  Who,  do  you  think,  lies  buried  here  ? 
One  that  did  help  to  make  hemp  dear ; 
The  poorest  subject  did  abhor  him, 
And  yet  his  King  did  kneel  before  him ; 
He  would  his  Master  not  betroy, 
Yet  he  his  Master  did  destroy ; 
And  yet  no  Judas :  In  records  'tis  found 
Judas  had  thirty  pence,  He  thirty  pound." 


42 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"*  S.  IX.  JAN.  21.  '60. 


EDWARD   KIRKE,   THE   COMMENTATOR  ON 
SPENSER'S  "  SHEPHEARD'S  CALENDER." 

The  ShephearcTs  Calender  of  Spenser  was  first 
published  in  1579,  by  E.  K.,  who  has  prefixed 
thereto  an  epistle  to  the  most  excellent  and 
learned  both  orator  and  poet,  Maister  Gabriel 
Harvey,  and  "  The  Generall  Argument  of  the 
whole  Booke."  He  is  likewise  author  of  the  "Ar- 
guments of  the  several  Aeglogues,  and  a  certaine 
Glosse  or  scholion  for  the  exposition  of  old  wordes 
and  harder  phrases." 

In  a  letter  from  Spenser  to  the  "  Worshipfull 
his  very  singular  good  friend  Maister  G[abriel] 
H[arvey],  Fellow  of  Trinity  Hall  in  Cambridge," 
dated  "Leycester  House  this  16  of  October, 
1579,"  are  these  passages  :  — 

"  Maister  E.  K.  hartily  desireth  to  be  commended  unto 
your  Worshippe,  of  whom,  what  accompte  he  maketh, 
your  selfe  shall  hereafter  perceive,  by  hys  paynefull  and 
dutifull  verses  of  your  selfe. 

"  Thus  much  was  written  at  Westminster  yesternight ; 
but  comming  this  morning,  beeyng  the  sixteenth  of 
October,  to  Mystresse  Kerkes,  to  have  it  delivered  to  the 
carrier,  I  receyved  youre  letter,  sente  me  the  laste  weeke ; 
whereby  I  perceive  you  other  whiles  continue  your  old 
exercise  of  versifying  in  English;  whych  glorie  I  had 
now  thought  shoulde  have  bene  onely  ours  heere  at 
London,  and  the  Court." 

At  the  close,  speaking  of  letters  which  he  wishes 
to  receive  from  Harvey,  he  says  :  — 

"  You  may  alwayes  send  them  most  safely  to  me  by 
Mistresse  Kerke,  and  by  none  other." 

From  the  mention  of  Mrs.  Kerke,  and  of  E.  K. 
in  this  letter,  it  was  long  since  conjectured  that 
E.  K.  was  E.  Kerke. 

Mr.  Craik  {Spenser  and  his  Poetry,  40.)  re- 
marks :  — 

"  If  E.  K.  was  really  a  person  whose  Christian  name  and 
surname  were  indicated  by  these  initial  letters,  he  was 
most  probably  some  one  who  had  been  at  Cambridge  at 
the  same  time  with  Spenser  and  Harvey,  and  his  name 
might  perhaps  be  found  in  the  registers  either  of  Pem- 
broke Hall,  to  which  Spenser  belonged,  or  of  Christ 
Church  [Christ's  College]  or  Trinity  Hall,  which  were 
Harvey's  colleges." 

Your  correspondent  J.  M.  B.  ("N.  &  Q."  1st 
S.  x.  204.)  drew  the  attention  of  your  readers  to 
this  subject  upwards  of  five  years  ago. 

We  have  now  ascertained  that  a  person  named 
Edward  Kirke  was  ma'triculated  as  a  sizar  of 
Pembroke  Hall  in  November,  1571.  He  subse- 
quently migrated  to  Caius  College,  and  graduated 
as  a  member  of  that  house,  B.  A,  1574-5,  M. A. 
1578. 

Spenser  was  matriculated  as  a  sizar  of  Pem- 
broke Hall,  20  May,  1569,  proceeded  B.A.  1572-3, 
and  commenced  M.A.  1576, 

It  will  be  seen,  therefore,  that  Spenser  and 
Edward  Kirke  were  contemporaries  at  Cambridge, 
and  were  for  some  time  of  the  same  college. 

As  it  has  also  been  conjectured  that  E.  K.  was 


*  Edward  King,  it  may  be  satisfactory  to  state 
that  the  earliest  person  of  that  name  who  occurs 
amongst  the  Cambridge  graduates,  is  Edward  King 
of  S.  John's  College,  B.A.  1597-8,  M.A.  1601. 
These  dates  render  it  very  improbable  that  he 
could  have  been  the  E.  K.  of  1579. 

Under  these  circumstances  we  feel  justified  in 
assigning  the  editorship  of  the  Shcpheartfs  Calen- 
der to  Edward  Kirke,  and  shall  accordingly  notice 
him  in  the  forthcoming  volume  of  Athence  Can- 
tabrigienses.  He  was.  evidently  a  man  of  consi- 
derable talent,  and  we  cannot  but  regret  our 
inability  to  give  any  other  particulars  of  him  than 
may  be  collected  from  this  communication. 

It  is  somewhat  remarkable  that  none  of  the 
biographers  of  Spenser  appear  to  have  been  aware 
that  Gabriel  Harvey,  the  common  friend  of  Spen- 
ser and  Kirke,  between  his  leaving  Christ's  Col- 
lege and  being  elected  a  Fellow  of  Trinity  Hall, 
was  a  Fellow  of  Pembroke  Hall.  He  was  elected 
a  Fellow  there  (being  then  B.A.)  3rd  Nov.  1570  ; 
but  we  are  not  now  enabled  to  state  how  long  a 
period  elapsed  before  he  removed  to  a  Fellowship 
at  Trinity  Hall. 

We  think  it  very  probable  that  Harvey  was 
the  tutor  both  of  Spenser  and  Kirke  at  Pembroke 
Hall.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 


ORIGIN  OF  "COCKNEY."  —  In  "The  Turnament  of 
Tottenham  ;  or,  the  Wooeing,  Winning,  and  Wed- 
ding of  Tibbe,  the  Reeves  Daughter  there,"  in 
Percy's  Reliques,  vol.  ii.  p.  24.,  occur  the  follow- 
ing lines  descriptive  of  the  wedding  feast  with 
which  the  "  turnament"  closed  :  — 

"  At  the  feast  they  were  served  in  rich  array  ; 
Every  five  and  five  had  a  cokney"  . 

The  learned  editor  says,  with  reference  to  the 
meaning  of  cokney,  that  it  is  the  name  of  "  some 
dish  now  unknown."  May  not  the  cant  term 
Cockney,  applied  to  Londoners,  have  arisen  from 
their  fondness  for  this  dish  ?  In  the  same  way 
that  in  Scotland  a  Fife  man  is  styled  a  "  Kail- 
supper,"  and  an  Englishman  in  France  is  termed 
"  un  rosbif."  DORRICKS. 

UNBURIED  COFFINS.  —  The  late  interesting  dis- 
cussion in  the  pages  of  "  N",  &  Q."  relative  to  the 
unburied  coffins  in  Westminster  Abbey,  calls  to 
mind  a  note  which  I  made  some  time  since  from  a 
pleasing  work  entitled  An  Excursion  to  Windsor 
in  July,  1810,  by  John  Evans,  Jun.,  A.M.,  Lon- 
don, 1817.  In  a  brief  account  of  Stains,  he  says  : 

"  The  church  is  at  the  extremity  of  the  town,  but  has 
nothing  remarkable,  with  one  exception.  In  a  small 
apartment  under  the  staircase,  leading  to  the  gallery,  is 
presented  the  spectacle  of  two  unburied  coffins  containing 
human  bodies,  covered  with  crimson  velvet.  They  are 


2nd  S.  IX.  JAN.  21.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


43 


placed  beside  each  other  on  trestles,  bearing  respectively 
the  following  inscriptions :  — . 

"  ' Jessie  Aspasia,  the  most  excellent  and  truly  beloved 
wife  of  Fred.  W.  Campbell,  Esq.,  of  Barbeck,  N.B.,  and 
of  Woodlands,  Surry.  Died  in  her  28th  year,  July  11, 
1812.' 

"  '  Henry  E.  A.  Caulfield,  Esq.,  died  September  8, 1808, 
aged  29  years.' 

"  The  Sexton  tells  us,  that  the  lady  was  daughter  of 
W.  T.  Caulfield,  Esq.,  of  Rahanduff,  in  Ireland,  by  Jessie, 
daughter  of  James,  third  Lord  Ruthven,  and  that  she 
bore  with  exemplary  patience  a  fatal  disorder,  produced 
by  grief  on  the  death  of  her  brother.  They  now  lie  to- 
gether in  unburied  solemnity." 

Feeling  an  interest  in  these  parties  for  genealo- 
gical purposes,  &c.,  I  would  be  glad  to  know  if 
the  bodies  have  since  been  removed  to  their  an- 
cestral burial-place  ?  or  do  they  still  lie  under  the 
staircase  leading  to  the  gallery  in  the  church  of 
Stains  ?  R.  C. 

Cork. 

HISTORICAL  COINCIDENCES  :  FRENCH  AND  ENG- 
LISH HEROISM  AT  WATERLOO  AND  MAGENTA  :  — 

"  L'EmpeVeur  (Napoleon  III.)  est  sur  la  route.  Le 
Colonel  Raoul  vient  lui  dire  de  la  part  du  general  Reg- 
naud  de  St.  Jean  d'Angely,  que  la  masse  des  ennemis 
augmente  &  chaque  instant,  et  qu'il  ne  peut  plus  tenir,  si 
on  ne  lui  envoj'e  pas  du  renfort.  '  Je  n'ai  personne  a.  lui 
envoyer,'  repond  avec  calrae  1'Empereur :  '  dites  au  gene- 
ral qu'il  tienne  toujours  avec  le  peu  de  monde  qui  lui 
reste.'  Et  le  ge'neral  tenait." — Saturday  Review,  Dec.  31, 
1859,  review  of  La  Campagne  d  Italic  de  1859,  Chroniques 
de  la  Guerre,  par  le  Baron  de  Bazancourt. 

"  One  general  officer  was  under  the  necessity  of  stating 
that  his  brigade  was  reduced  to  one-third  its  number,  and 
that  those  who  remained  were  exhausted  with  fatigue, 
and  that  a  temporary  relief  seemed  a  measure  of  peremp- 
tory necessity.  'Tell  him,'  said  the  Duke,  'what  he  pur- 
poses is  impossible.  He,  I,  and  every  Englishman  on  the 
iield,  must  die  on  the  spot  we  now  occupy.'  .  .  .  '  It  is 
enough,'  said  the  general.  '  I,  and  every  man  under  my 
command,  are  determined  to  share  his* fate.'"  —  Paul's 
Letters  to  his  Kinsfolk,  1816. 

Two  curious  instances  of  the  two  commanders 
and  their  generals  at  Waterloo  and  Magenta,  for 
which  I  suspect  Scott  and  Baron  de  Bazancourt 
would  be  equally  puzzled  if  required  to  produce 
their  authorities.  J.  H.  L. 

THE  FRENCH  IN  WALES.  —  The  Times  news- 
paper, during  the  last  week,  has  contained  a  cor- 
respondence relative  to  the  French  landing  in 
Wales  in  1797.  The  following  memoranda  made 
at  the  time  appeared  in  yesterday's  issue.  If  re- 
printed and  indexed  in  "  N.  &  Q."  they  will  be 
of  use  to  the  future  historian ;  if  left  unnoticed 
in  that  wide  sea  of  print,  they  will  probably  be 
forgotten :  — 

"  To  THE  EDITOR  OF  THE  «  TIMES.' 
"  Sir, — Permit  me,  with  all  due  deference  both  to  the 
Hon.  G.  penman  and  M.  Edouard  Tate,  to  give  through 
the  medium  of  your  columns  a  full,  true,  and  particular 
account  of  the  French  landing  in  Wales,   from  an  old 
writing  in  my  possession  written  at  the  time :  — 
"  '  On  the  22d  of  February,  1797,  that  part  of  the  De- 


vonshire coast,  situated  at  the  mouth  of  the  Bristol 
channel,  was  thrown  into  the  greatest  consternation  by 
the  appearance  of  three  frigates,  which  entered  the  small 
harbour  of  Ilfracombe,  scuttled  some  merchant  ships,  and 
endeavoured  to  destroy  every  vessel  in  the  port.  From 
this  place  they  departed,  standing  across  the  channel 
towards  the  side  of  Pembroke;  they  were  discovered 
from  the  heights  of  St.  Bride's  Bay,  as  they  were  steering 
round  St.  David's  Head.  They  afterwards  directed  their 
course  towards  Fishgard,  and  came  to  anchor  in  a  small 
bay  not  far  from  Lanonda  church,  at  which  place  they 
hoisted  French  colours  and  put  out  their  boats;  they 
completed  their  debarcation  on  the  morning  of  the  23d, 
when  numbers  of  them  traversed  the  country  in  search  of 
provisions,  plundering  such  houses  as  they  found  aban- 
doned, but  offering  no  molestation  to  those  inhabitants 
Avho  remained  in  their  dwellings.  The  alarm  which  they 
had  first  created  soon  subsided,  as  their  numbers  did  not 
exceed  1,400  men,  wholly  destitute  of  artillery,  though 
possessed  of  70  cartloads  of  powder  and  ball,  together 
with  a  number  of  hand  grenades.  Two  of  the  natives  be- 
came victims  of  their  own  temerity;  in  one  of  these  in- 
stances a  Frenchman  having  surrendered  and  delivered 
up  his  musket,  the  Welshman  aimed  a  blow  at  him  with 
the  butt-end  of  it,  when  self-preservation  induced  the 
Frenchman  to  run  him  through  the  body  with  his  bay- 
onet, which  he  had  not  delivered  up.  Soon  after  the  in- 
vaders surrendered  themselves  prisoners  of  war  to  Lord 
Cawdor,  at  the  head  of  700  men,  consisting  of  volunteers, 
fencibles,  yeomen  cavalry,  and  colliers.  The  frigates  set 
sail  for  the  coast  of  France,  but  two  were  captured  on  the 
first  night  in  the  ensuing  month,  while  standing  in  for  the 
harbour  of  Brest,  by  the  San  Fiorenzo  and  Nymph  fri- 
gates. They  proved  to  be  La  Resistance,  of  48  guns,  and 
La  Constance,  of  24.  The  officer  in  command  stated, 
when  captured,  that  the  whole  expedition  consisted  of 
600  veteran  soldiers,  besides  sailors  and  marines.  It  was 
alleged  at  the  time  in  favour  of  the  French  Government 
that  this  expedition  was  merely  an  experiment.' 
"  I  am,  Sir,  yours  obedienthr, 
"  Leek,  Dec.  21."  "  G.  MASSEY." 

K.  P.  D.  E. 

Christmas  Eve. 

JUNIUS.  —  If  this  question  ever  was  solved,  the 
secret  has  not  transpired,  and  the  subject  may  be 
said  to  remain  as  problematical  as  ever.  In  Quar- 
terly Review  for  April  last  (p.  490.),  it  is  stated 
that  George  III.,  when  labouring  under  aberra- 
tion of  mind,  even  when  most  delirious,  possessed 
such  "reticente"  that  he  never  divulged  any 
matters  which  in  his  rational  moments  it  was  his 
object  to  conceal.  It  repeats  his  words  to  Major- 
Gen.  Desaguliers  in  1772  :  "  We  know  Junius — 
he  will  write  no  more."  And  the  reviewer  adds, 
"  there  can  be  little  doubt,  that  the  King  knew 
Francis's  secret,  and  he  never  communicated  it." 
This,  however,  is  not  reconcilable  with  the  follow- 
ing statement  in  Diaries  and  Correspondence  of 
the  Rt.  Hon.  George  Rose,  just  published  by  the 
Rev.  Leveson  V.  Harcourt,  in  2  vols.  8vo. ;  where, 
in  vol.  ii.  p.  184.,  it  is  related  that,  on  October  31, 
1804,  the  King,  when  riding  out  with  Mr.  Rose, 
asked  him  whether  he  knew,  or  had  any  fixed 
opinion  as  to  who  was  the  author  of  Junius  f  To 
which  Mr.  Rose  replied,  he  believed  no  one  living 
knew  to  a  certainty  who  the  author  was,  except  Lord 


44 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  IX  JAN.  21.  '60. 


Grenville,  but  that  he  had  heard  him  say  positively 
he  did.  That  he  (Mr.  Rose)  himself  had  a  strong 
persuasion  Gerard  Hamilton  (Single-speech  Ha- 
milton) was  the  author;  that  he  knew  him  well, 
and  from  a  variety  of  circumstances  he  had  no 
doubt  in  his  own  mind  of  the  fact.  These  ac- 
counts being  so  contradictory,  I  think  we  may 
conclude  that  George  III.  was  not  cognisant  of 
the  authorship  of  the  Letters  of  Junius^  and  so  far 
the  question  remains  still  a  mystery.  2.  2. 


LOUD  MACAULAY.  —  I  shall  be  glad  if  any  of 
your  readers  can  favour  me,  —  and  in  so  doing 
your  subscribers  generally, — with  any  addition  to 
the  pedigree  of  the  late  Lord  Macaulay,  .which  I 
here  subjoin :  — 

Rev.  — —  Macaulay 

(Dumbarton). 


Eev.  John  Macaulay  = Campbell. 

(Inverary). 

Zachary  Macaulay,  Esq. 

Thomas  Babington,  Lord  Macaulay. 

I  have  understood  that  the  late  lord's  kinsmen 
in  Leicestershire  claim  descent  from  an  ancient 
house  of  the  name.  Was  this  the  house  of  Ma- 
caulay of  Ardincaple,  to  whom  the  grandmother 
of  Smollett  the  novelist  belonged,  which  is  sup- 
posed to  have  been  a  branch  of  the  Earls  of  Len- 
nox, but  is  claimed  as  Celtic  by  writers  of  that 
school  ?  The  race  of  a  man  like  the  historian  is 
a  matter  of  some  interest.  FITZGLLBERT. 

Canonbury. 

[The  following  notice  of  Lord  Macaulay's  ancestry  oc- 
curs in  The  New  Statistical  Account  of  Scotland,™.  491., 
Argyleshire :  "  Lord  Macaulay  will  be  deemed  by  High- 
landers at  least,  who  are  said  to  trace  blood  relationships  to 
sixteenth  cousins,  to  be  not  very  remotely  connected  with 
the  parish  of  Ardchattan  in  Argyleshire.  His  grand- 
mother, the  daughter  of  Mr.  Campbell,  of  Inveresragan, 
in  our  close  vicinity,  married  the  Rev.  John  Macaulay, 
minister  of  Lismore  and  Appin,  to  which  parish  he  was 
translated  from  South  Uist  in  1755.  From  Lismore  Mr. 
Macaulay  was,  in  1765,  translated  to  Inverary,  and  after- 
wards he  left  Inverary  for  the  parish  of  Cardross.  The 
property  of  Inveresragan,  which  consists  only  of  two 
farms,  was  afterwards  disposed  of  to  the  proprietor  of  Ard- 
chattan, otherwise  it  is  believed  the  family  of  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Macaulay  being  the  nearest  heirs  would  have  succeeded  to 
the  inheritance."  —  ED.] 

SWIFT'S  MARRIAGE. — Would  one  of  your  able 
correspondents  kindly  inform  me  in  your  valuable 
publication  of  the  reason  why  Dean  Swift  mar- 
ried secretly  ?  Father  Prout,  in  his  article  on 
Dean  Swift's  madness,  says  :  — 

"  The  reasons  for  such  secrecy,  though  perfectly  fami- 
liar to  me,  may  not  be  divulged An  infant  son  was 

born  of  that  marriage  after  many  a  lengthened  year,  &c." 


Who  was  that  child  ?  Or  did  the  refined  and 
gentle  Stella  ever  become  a  mother  ?  I  am  quite 
in  the  dark  on  the  subject.  As  a  matter  of  course, 
I  do  not  credit  Father  Prout's  assertion  of  his 
being  the  lost  child  whom  William  Woods  kid- 
napped in  the  evening  of  October,  1741.  Any 
information  on  this  subject  will  oblige, 

H.  BASCHET. 

BURIAL  IN  A  SITTING  POSTURE.  —  This  custom 
prevails  among  the  inhabitants  of  Canara  and 
Telinga  in  India;  as  also  among  some  of  the 
Marattas.  Bodies  belonging  to  the  "  Stone  Age" 
have  been  found  buried  in  this  singular  posture. 
Some  of  the  tribes  of  North  America  also,  if  I 
remember  rightly,  adopted  this  mode  of  burial. 
I  shall  feel  much  obliged  if  some  of  your  corre- 
spondents will  kindly  inform  me  of  any  other  in- 
stances of  this  kind  they  may  have  come  across. 

EXUL. 

MONTEITH  BOWL. — The  Corporation  of  Newark 
possess  a  silver  bowl,  with  a  movable  rim  shaped 
like  the  top  of  a  chess  castle.  The  inscription 
round  the  bowl  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  This  munteth  and  thirteen  cups  were  given  by  The 
Honourable  Nicholas  Saunderson  to  the  Corporation  of 
Newark  upon  Trent,  A.  D.  1689." 

Johnson  says,  "  Monteth  (from  the  name  of  the 
inventor),  a  vessel  in  which  glasses  are  washed." 

"  New  things  produce  new  words,  and  thus  Monteth 
Has  by  one  vessel  sav'd  his  name  from  death." 

King,  Art  of  Cookery. 

In  the  new  edition  of  Nares's  Glossary,  it  is 
called  "  Monteith,  a  vessel  used  for  cooling  wine- 
glasses." Are  these  vessels  common  ?  Who  was 
Monteth  or  Monteith,  and  what  is  the  exact  use  of 
the  movable  rim  ?  *  R.  F.  SKETCHLEY. 

QUOTATION  WANTED.  — 

"  See  where  the  startled  wild  fowl  screaming  rise, 
And  seek  in  marshalled  flight  those  golden  skies : 
Yon  wearied  swimmer  scarce  can  win  the  land, 
His  limbs  yet  falter  on  the  watery  strand, 
Poor  hunted  hart !  I.  The  painful  struggle  o'er, 
How  blest  the  shelter  of  that  island  shore: 
There,  whilst  he  sobs  his  panting  heart  to  rest, 
Nor  hound  nor  hunter  shall  his  lair  molest." 

B.E. 

EXCOMMUNICATION  or  QUEEN  ELIZABETH.  — 
What  was  the  diplomatic  effect,  according  to  the 
public  law  of  Europe,  of  the  excommunication 
of  Queen  Elizabeth  ?  Did  Spain  and  the  Empire 
regularly  declare  war  subsequently  to  that  bull 
of  Pius  V.,  or  in  1588,  before  the  approach  of  the 
Armada?  or  did  they  consider  England  beyond 
the  pale  of  international  courtesy?  Are  there 
any  documents  preserved  upon  this  point  ?  Were 
the  expeditions  of  Drake  against  Spain  regarded 
as  reprisals  for  the  excommunication  and  the 
Armada  ?  There  was  certainly  a  difference  of 

[*  Notices  of  the  Mouteith  bowl  occur  in  our  lrt  S.  ix. 
452.  599. ;  xi.  374.— ED.] 


2»d  S.  IX.  JAN.  21.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES, 


45 


opinion  amongst  the  Romanist  jurisconsults  upon 
this  matter,  since  France  continued  diplomatic  in- 
tercourse. Are  there  any  historical  notices  ex- 
tant upon  the  subject-?  J.  R- 

KING  BLADUD  AND  HIS  PIGS.  —  The  city  of 
Bath  has  a  curious  and  somewhat  comic  tra- 
dition (which  is  noticed  in  its  local  guide  books) 
that  the  old  British  King  Bladud  (father  of 
King  Lear  or  Leal),  being  reduced  by  leprosy  to 
the  condition  of  a  swineherd,  discovered  the  me- 
dicinal virtues  of  the  hot  springs  of  Bath  while 
noticing  that  his  pigs  which  bathed  therein  were 
cured  of  sundry  diseases  prevailing  among  them. 
Warner,  our  chief  writer  on  the  history  of  Bath, 
quotes  this  tradition  at  large  from  Wood,  a  local 
topographer  of  the  preceding  century,  who  gives 
it  without  authority.  Warner  states  that  al- 
though the  legend  may  appear  absurd,  it  is 
noticed  and  accredited  by  most  British  anti- 
quaries of  antiquity.  Now  as  we  do  not  find  it 
in  Geoffrey  of  Monmouth,  or  any  early  author  of 
antiquarian  lore  whom  we  have  yet  consulted,  I 
take  the  liberty  of  directing  the  attention  of  your 
sagacious  readers  to  the  point,  so  that  by  the  aid 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  the  question  concerning  King 
Bladud's  pigs  may  finally  be  settled.  The  direct 
question  is  this,—  What  are  the  most  ancient  ex- 
isting authorities  for  this  legend,  which,  though  ap- 
parently unimportant  in  itself,  is  connected  with 
some  points  of  old  British  history,  in  whose  solu- 
tion antiquaries  are  justly  interested. 

FKANCIS  BARHAM, 

St.  Mark's  Place,  Bath. 

JUDGES'  COSTUME.  —  In  Sir  William  Dugdale's 
Origines  Juridicales,  at  page  98.,  in  the  20  Ed. 
III.,  the  King,  by  his  precept  to  the  Keeper  of 
his  Great  Wardrobe,  directs  him  to  provide  the 
different  justices  therein  named  with, — 

"  For  their  Summer  Vestments  for  that  present  year  half 
a  short  Cloth,  and  one  piece  of  fine  Linnen  silk ;  and  for  the 
Winter  season  another  half  of  a  Cloth  colour  Curt  with  a 
Hood  and  three  pieces  of  fur  of  white  Budg.  And  for  the 
feast  of  the  Nativity  of  our  Lord,  half  a  cloth  colour  Curt, 
with  a  Hood  of  two  and  thirty  bellyes  of  minevere, 
another  belly  with  seven  tires  of  minever,  and  two  furs  of 
silk." 

Doubtless,  Sir,  some  of  your  numerous  cor- 
respondents who  are  learned  in  mediaeval  cos- 
tume will  be  able  to  answer  some  or  all  of  the 
following  queries  :  — 

What  kind  of  fabric  is  meant  by  linnen  silk  f 

What  is  the  meaning  of  "  curt  ?  "  Has  it  refer- 
ence to  the  colour  or  the  width  of  the  "  cloth  ?  " 

What  were  "  tires  "  of  silk  ? 

And  what  were  "furs  of  silk?  "  Could  they  have 
been  merely  imitations  of  furs  analogous  to  our 
so-called  "  sealskin  ?  " 

An  answer  to  these  queries  will  greatly  oblige 

CAUSIDICUS. 


Bp.     DOWNES'     "  TOUR    THROUGH     CoRK     AND 

Ross."— Dive  Downes,  D.D.,  ancestor  of  the  late 
Lord  Downes  (for  some  years  Lord  Chief  Justice 
of  the  Court  of  King's  Bench,  Ireland),  was  pro- 
moted to  the  bishoprick  of  Cork  and  Ross  in  the 
year  1699  ;  and  has  been  described  by  Bishop 
King,  of  Derry,  as  "  a  man  considerable  for  gra- 
vity, prudence,  and  learning,  both  in  divinity, 
ecclesiastical  law,  and  other  sciences."  He  wrote 
(as  we  are  informed  by  Archdeacon  Cotton  in 
his  Fasti  Ecclesia  Hibernicce,  vol.  i.  p.  230.),  an 
interesting  journal  of  a  "  Tour  through  the  Dio- 
ceses of  Cork  and  Ross,"  which  is  preserved  in 
the  manuscript  room  of  the  Library  of  Trinity 
College,  Dublin.  Would  it  not  be  a  boon  to 
many  readers  to  print  this  document,  either  se- 
parately, or  in  some  one  of  the  suitable  periodi- 
cals of  the  day  ?  ABHBA. 

CELTIC  FAMILIES. — Is  there  a  work  about  to 
be  published  purporting  to  give  the  history  of 
the  ancient  Celtic  families  of  Ireland,  and  if  so, 
what  is  its  title  ?  MILES. 

MAGISTBR  RICHARD  HOWLETT.  —  Can  any  one 
give  me  any  information  as  to  the  ancestors  or 
descendants  of  the  above,  who  in  1616  was  tutor 
to  Oliver  Cromwell  at  Sidney  Sussex  College, 
Cambridge  ?  Was  he  in  any  way  connected  with 
the  Norfolk  Howletts  ?  CHELSEGA. 

OLDYS'S  DIARY.  —  Oldys  left  a  Diary,  and  as  I 
may  judge,  of  no  little  interest,  from  such  ex- 
tracts which  I  have  seen.  It  was  in  the  possession 
of  J.  Petit  Andrews,  Esq.,  of  Brompton,  in  1785. 
It  was  entituled  Diarium  Notabile,  and  is  de- 
scribed as  an  octavo  pocket-book,  gilt  leaves.  In 
whose  possession  is  it  at  present  ?  *  ITHURIEL. 

THE  BATTISCOMBE  FAMILY. — Having  obtained 
all  the  information  I  desire  concerning  the  first 
of  my  Queries  through  the  kind  assistance  of  the 
Editor  and  B.  S.  J.,  I  should  feel  greatly  obliged 
to  any  correspondent  for  answers  to  my  Queries 
concerning  William  Battiscombe,  who,  I  have 
since  learnt,  was  nearly  related  to  Mr.  Robert 
Battiscombe,  the  royal  apothecary,  had  two 
brothers  James  (or  John  ?)  and  Daniel  (men- 
tioned in  the  reply)  ;  had  issue  William  John, 
and  died  180-.  How  were  the  said  Robert  and 
William  Battiscombe  connected  ? 

I  have  also  heard  that  the  former  married  a 
French  lady  and  died  s.  p.  Am  I  correct,  and  if 
so,  what  was  her  name,  and  what  are  the  dates  of 
their  deaths  ?  When  did  Peter  Battiscombe  of 
Vere  Wotton,  father  of  the  said  Robert  (living  in 
1796)  die?  A.  SHELLEY  ELLIS. 

Bristol. 

[*  For  a  notice  of  Oldys's  Autobiography,  see  our  1st  S. 
v.  529.— ED.] 


46 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«<i  S.  IX.  JAN.  21.  '60. 


CROWE  FAMILY.  —  Information  is  desired  re- 
specting the  descent,  marriages,  &c.  of  Sir  Sack- 
vill  Crowe,  who  lived  in  the  time  of  Charles  I., 
and  Dr.  Charles  Crowe,  Bishop  of  Cloyne,  Ire- 
land, who  died  26  October,  1724.*  H. 

CHARLES  II.  —  The  following  letter  of  King 
Charles  II.  was  written  during  his  residence  in 
Jersey :  — 

"  Progers,  I  would  have  you  (besides  the  embroidred 
sute)  bring  me  a  plaine  riding  suite  with  an  innocent 
coate,  the  suites  I  have  for  horseback  being  so  spotted 
and  spoiled  that  the}'  are  not  to  be  scene  out  of  this 
island.  The  lining  of  the  coate  and  the  petit  toies  are 
referred  to  your  greate  discretion,  provided  there  want 
nothing  whe'n  it  comes  to  be  put  on.  I  doe  not  remember 
there  was  a  belt  or  a  hat  band  in  your  directions  for  the 
embroidered  suite,  and  those  are  so  necessarie  as  you 
must  not  forget  them. 

"  CHARLES  R. 

"Jearsey,  14th  Jan. 
old  stile,  1649." 

"  To  Mr.  Progers." 

The  above  letter  is  printed  in  Bonn's  edition 
of  the  Memoirs  of  the  Count  de  Grammont, 
notes,  p.  381.  My  inquiry  is  directed  as  to 
where  is  or  was  the  original  of  this  letter,  and  is  it 
in  print  elsewhere  ?  CL.  HOPPER. 

PEFYSIANA.  — 

1.  To  what    church  near   Southampton    does 
Pepys  allude,  when  he  speaks,  in  the  Diary  for 
April  26,  1662,  of  a  little  churchyard,  where  the 
graves  are  accustomed  to  be  all  sowed  with  sage  ? 

2.  Feb.  8,  166f.     For  "JosiaKs  words,"  read 
"Joshua's  words"  (xxiv.  15.). 

P.  J.  F.  GANTILLON. 

THE  YOUNG  PRETENDER.  —  In  the  first  number 
of  Cassell's  History  of  England—"  The  Reign  of 
George  III.,"  by  William  Howitt — it  is  stated 
that  among  the  crowd  who  witnessed  the  corona- 
tion of  George  III.  was  Charles  Stuart,  the  heir 
de  jure  of  the  throne  ?  Is  this  a  well-authenti- 
cated fact  ?  WM.  DOBSON. 

Preston. 

SIR  GEORGE  PAULE. — I  am  desirous  to  obtain 
some  particulars  respecting  Sir  George  Paule, 
author  of  a  Life  of  Archbishop  Whitgift.  He  de- 
scribes himself  as  "  Comptroller  of  his  Grace's 
Houshold;"  and  his  Life  of  Whitgift  was  pub- 
lished, in  1699,  in  the  same  volume  with  Dr. 
Richard  Cosin's  Conspiracy  for  Pretended  Reform- 
ation. 

Browne  Willis  (Notit.  Parl.)  mentions  Sir  Geo. 
St.  Poll  as  M.P.  for  the  county  of  Lincoln  in  the 
parliaments  of  1588  and  1592  ;  and  as  M.P.  for 
Grimsby  in  1603.  This  Sir  George  St.  Poll  had  a 
nephew,  George,  son  of  John  St.  Paul  of  Camp- 

[*  Dr.  Charles  Crow,  Bishop  of  Cloj'ne,  died  on  June 
26,  1726,  according  to  Cotton's  fasti  Eccles.  Hiber- 
nica,  i.  271.— ED.]  I 


sale,  by  whom  he  was  succeeded  in  part  of  his 
estates,  and  (I  suppose)  in  his  baronetcy — for  he 
was  knight  and  baronet. 

Can  the  author  of  the  Archbishop's  Life  be 
identified  with  either  of  these  Georges  (uncle  or 
nephew),  supposing  the  saint  to  have  been  ban- 
ished from  the  name  in  charity  to  the  Puritan 
scruples  of  the  times  ?  Upon  this  supposition,  the 
Sir  George  Paul,  who  is  mentioned  by  Willis  as 
M.P.  for  Bridgnorth  in  1628,  may  possibly  have 
been  the  nephew :  the  uncle  being  the  last  Sir 
George,  who  lived  in  Lincolnshire,  i.  e.  the  M.  P. 
for  Grimsby,  1603. 

It  should  be  remembered  that  Whitgift  was 
born  at  Grimsby,  and  received  the  rudiments  of 
his  education  at  the  monastery  of  Wellow,  where 
hi§  uncle  was  abbot ;  and  that,  for  seven  years  of 
his  after  life,  he  was  dean  of  Lincoln. 

It  may  be  worth  observing  farther,  that  there 
is  a  George  Poivle,  Esq.,  mentioned  by  Willis  as 
M.  P.  for  Hindon,  Wilts,  in  1601  ;  and,  four  years 
previously,  as  M.  P.  for  Downton  in  the  same 
county.  There  would  seem  to  have  been  a  family 
of  this  name  in  Wiltshire,  apparently  in  no  way 
connected  with  the  St.  Paules,  or  St.  Polls,  of 
Lincolnshire.  Still  it  is  observable  that  Richard 
Cosin,  LL.D.,  and  Richard  Cosyn,  or  Cossyn, 
LL.D.,  may  be  found  as  M.  P.  for  both  these 
places  in  1586  and  1588.  This  can  hardly  have 
been  any  other  than  Richard  Cosin,  "  Dean  of 
Arches  and  Official  Principal  to  Archbishop  Whit- 
gift," the  author  of  the  other  treatise  bound  up 
with  the  Life.  J.  SANSOM. 

PICKERING  FAMILY. — Can  you  give  me  any  in- 
formation as  to  John  Pickering,  who  founded  the 
grammar-school  at  Tarvin,  near  Chester,  in  1300. 
Thomas  Pickering  of  Tarvin  received  the  free- 
dom of  the  city  for  serving  as  a  volunteer  at 
Culloden.  Was  he  descended  from  this  John 
Pickering  ?  THOMAS  W.  PICKERING. 

SIR  HUGH  VAUGHAN,  styled  as  of  Littlehampton, 
co.  Middlesex,  was  Gentleman-usher  to  Henry, 
VIII.,  and  subsequently  for  some  time  Captain  or 
Governor  of  the  Island  of  Jersey.  Can  any  of 
your  correspondents  inform  me  whether  he  has 
any  recognised  descendants  ?  and  where  to  find 
additional  data  respecting  him,  other  than  that 
given  by  Bentley  in  his  Excerpla  Historica  f 

J.  BERTRAND  PAYNE. 


hut!) 

ANTONIO  GUEVARA.  —  A  small  4to.  volume  has 
just  come  under  my  notice,  respecting  which  I 
wish  to  make  a  Query.  It  is,  judging  from  the 
typography  (for  the  title-page  is  wanting)  of  the 
latter  end  of  the  sixteenth  or  early  part  of  the 
seventeenth  century.  The  indiscriminate  use  of 


2nd  S.  IX.  JAN.  21.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


47 


the  v  and  u  is  abundantly  exemplified  in  its  pages. 
The  "  Prologue  "  states  the  work  to  be  "entituled 
the  Mount  of  Calvary,  compiled  by  the  Reuerend 
Father,  Lord  Antonie  de  Gueuara,  Bishop  of  Mon- 
donneda,  preacher  and  chronicler  vnto  the  Em- 
perour  Charles  the  fift."  Is  this  work  scarce  ? 

S.  S.  S. 

[This  work  is  entitled  "  The  Mount  of  Caluarie,  com- 
piled by  the  Reverend  Father  in  God,  Lord  Anthonie  de 
Gueuara,  Bishop  of  Mondonnedo,  Preacher,  Chronicler, 
and  Councellor,  vnto  Charles  the  fift,  Emperour.  Where- 
in are  handled  all  the  Mysteries  of  the  Mount  of  Cal- 
uarie, from  the  time  that  Christ  was  condemned  by  Pilat, 
vntill  hee  was  put  into  the  Sepulcher,  by  Joseph  ^and 
Nichodemus.  At  London,  printed  by  Edw.  All-de  for 
lohn  Grismond,  and  are  to  be  sold  at  his  shop,  at  the 
little  North  dore  of  Paules,  at  the  signe  of  the  Gunne, 
1618."  Antonio  Guevara,  a  Spanish  prelate,  was  born  in 
the  province  of  Alava,  and  became  a  Franciscan  monk. 
He  was  nominated  to  the  bishopric  of  GuadiaB,  in  the 
kingdom  of  Granada,  and  afterwards  to  that  of  Mondon- 
nedo in  Galicia.  He  died  in  1544.  He  is  the  author  of 
several  other  works.  The  well-known  saying,  that  "  Hell 
is  paved  with  good  intentions "  has  been  attributed  to 
him.] 

POST-OFFICE  IN  IRELAND. — When  was  the 
post-office  first  regularly  established  in  Ireland  ? 
And  where  may  information  upon  the  subject  be 
found  ?  •  ABIIBA. 

[Our  correspondent  will  have  to  consult  the  Parlia- 
mentary History  of  the  United  Kingdom  for  the  inform- 
ation he  requires.  A  proclamation  of  Charles  I.,  1635, 
commands  his  Postmaster  of  England  and  Foreign  Parts 
to  open  a  regular  communication  by  running  posts  be- 
tween the  metropolis  and  Edinburgh,  West  Chester,  Holy- 
head,  Ireland,  &c.  But  the  most  complete  step  in  the 
establishment  of  a  post-office  was  taken  in  1656,  when  an 
Act  was  passed  "  to  settle  the  postage  of  England,  Scot- 
land, and  Ireland."  Additional  chief  letter  offices  were 
established  by  9  Annas  in  Edinburgh  and  Dublin.  In 
1784,  the  Irish  post-office  was  established  independent  of 
that  of  England ;  but  the  offices  of  Postmasters-general 
of  England  and  Ireland  were  unitecHnto  one  by  1  Will. 
IV.  cap.  8.,  1831.  By  2  Will.  IV.  cap.  15.  1832,  the  Post- 
master-general is  empowered  to  establish  a  penny-post 
office  in  any  city,  town,  or  village,  in  Ireland.  The  new 
post-office  of  Dublin  was  opened  Jan.  6,,  1818.] 

ANTHONY  STAFFORD.  —  What  is  known  of  An- 
thony Stafford's  history  ?  The  date  of  his  birth 
and  death,  or  any  other  particulars?  Did  he 
publish  any,  and  what,  works  besides  The  Femall 
Glory  ?  and  is  there  any  modern  edition  of  this 
work  known  ?  The  date  of  the  first  edition  is 
1635.  G.  J.  M. 

[Anthony  Stafford,  descended  from  a  noble  family,  was 
born  in  Northamptonshire,  and  educated  at  Oriel  College, 
Oxford,  where  he  took  his  degree  of  M.A.  in  1623.  He 
died  in  1641.  See  Lowndes  and  Watt  for  a  list  of  his 
works.  There  is  no  modern  edition  of  his  Femall  Glory ; 
hut  in  1656  it  was  republished,  and  entitled  The  Prece- 
dent of  Female  Perfection.  A  curious  account  of  this 
work  will  be  found  in  Wood's  Athena  Oxon.,  iii.  33.] 

ANONYMOUS  AUTHOR.  —  Who  was  the  trans- 
lator of  "  The  Contempt?.-  of  the  World,  and  the 
vanitie  thereof,  written  by  the  reuerend  F.  Diego 


de  Stella,  of  the  order  of  S.  Fr.  of  late  translated 
out  of  the  Italian  into  Englishe."  A°  Dnl  1582. 
No  place  of  publication,  16mo.  ?  The  dedication 
is  — 

"  To  my  deare  and  lovinge  Countrywomen,  and  Sisters 
in  Christ  assembled  together  to  serue  God  vnder  the 
holie  order  of  S.  Briget  in  the  towne  of  Rone  in  Fraunce." 
It  concludes  — 

"From  th«  prison,  Aprilis  7.  Anno  domini.  1584.  nost. 
capt.  7.  Your  faythfull  well  wilier,  and  true  frende  in 
Christ  Jesu.  G.  C." 

It  will  be  seen  the  date  of  the  title  is  two  years 
earlier  than  that  of  the  dedication.  The  writer  is 
evidently  a  Roman  Catholic  suffering  imprison- 
ment ;  probably  a  prisoner  of  state  detained  for 
participation  in  some  of  the  numerous  conspira- 
cies of  the  reign  of  Elizabeth.  Perhaps  some  of 
your  readers  can  supply  his  name. 

G.  W.  W.  MINNS. 

[We  have  before  us  the  third  English  edition,  trans- 
lated from  the  Spanish,  of  Diego's  Contempt  of  the  World, 
"at  S.  Omers,  for  John  Heigham.  Anno  1622."  18mo. 
The  Dedication  commences  "  To  the  Vertvovs  Religious 
sisters  of  the  holie  Order  of  S.  Briget,  my  deare  and  lou- 
ing  countrie  women  in  our  Lord  lesus  Christi,  increase  of 
grace  and  euerlasting  happines."  The  sentence  "  From 
the  prison,"  &c.  is  omitted ;  but  concludes  with  the  words 
"  your  faithful  wel  wilier,  and  true  frende  in  Christ  lesu. 
G.  C."  The  "  Approbatio  "  at  the  end  of  the  book  is 
dated  "  Decembris,  1603,"  and  signed  "  Georgius  Coluene- 
sius,  S.  Theol.  Licent.  et  Professor,  librorum  in  Academia 
Duacensi  Visitator."  At  first  we  were  inclined  to  attri- 
bute the  initials  to  Gabriel  Chappuys,  the  editor  of  the 
French  translation ;  but  the  earliest  edition  we  find  by 
him  in  Niceron,  xxxix.  109.,  is  that  of  1587.] 

ORRERY.  —  Can  the  etymology  of  the  word 
orrery  be  ascertained?  Has  it  anything  to  do 
with  the  Latin  horarium?  CURIOSUS. 

[About  the  year  1700,  Mr.  George  Graham  first  in- 
vented a  movement  for  exhibiting  the  motion  of  the  earth 
about  the  sun  at  the  same  time  that  the  moon  revolved 
round  the  earth.  This  machine  came  into  'the  hands  of 
a  Mr.  Rowley,  an  instrument  maker,  to  be  forwarded  to 
Prince  Eugene.  Mr.  Rowley's  curiosity  tempted  him  to 
take  it  to  pieces ;  but  to  his  mortification  he  found  he 
could  not  put  it  together  again  without  having  recourse 
to  Mr.  Graham.  From  this  circumstance,  Mr.  Rowley 
was  enabled  to  copy  the  various  parts  of  the  machine ; 
and  not  long  after,"  with  the  addition  of  some  simple 
movements,  constructed  his  first  planetarium  for  Charles 
Earl  of  Orrery.  Sir  Richard  Steele  (Spectator,  No.  552.. 
and  Guardian,  No.  1.),  thinking  to  do  justice  to  the  first 
encourager,  as  well  as  to  the  inventor,  of  such  a  curious 
instrument,  called  it  an  Orrery,  and  gave  to  Mr.  J.  Row- 
ley the  praise  due  to  Mr.  Graham.  (Desaguliers's  Course 
of  Experimental  Philosophy,  i.  431.,  4to.,  and  Gent.  Mag. 
June,  1818,  p.  504.)  Webster  and  other  lexicographers 
agree  in  this  etymology ;  yet,  supposing  it  to  be  correct, 
there  may  still  have  been  some  allusive  reference  to  the 
Latin  horarium.  ] 

SIR  HENRY  ROWSWELL.  —  Who  was  Sir  Henry 
Rosewell  of  Ford  Abbey  in  Devonshire?  of  what 
family  ?  and  on  what  occasion  was  he  knighted  ? 
Grey  has  noticed  him  in  the  preface  to  his  edition 
of  Hudibras,  and  has  shown  that  not  he,  but  Sir 


48 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[2n*  S.  IX.  JAN.  21.  '60. 


Samuel  Luke,  was  the  hero  of  that  poem.  Lysons 
tells  us  that  Sir  Henry  Rosewell  married  into  the 
family  of  the  Drakes,  but  nothing  farther. 

X.  A.  X. 

[William,  third  son  of  Richard  Rowswell  (sometimes 
spelt  Rosewell)  of  Bradford,  in  the  county  of  Wilts,  was 
solicitor  to  Queen  Elizabeth ;  he  bought  the  manor  of 
Carswell  in  the  parish  of  Broadhembury,  in  the  county  of 
Devon,  and  dying  in  1565,  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest 
son  William,  who  purchased  the  site  of  the  ancient  Ab- 
bey of  Ford,  and  seated  himself  there.  He  was  suc- 
ceeded by  his  son  Sir  Henry  Rowswell,  who  resided  at 
Ford  Abbey  in  Sir  William  Pole's  time  (circa  1630),  but 
afterwards  sold  it  to  Sir  Edmund  Prideaux. 

This  Sir  Henry  was  knighted  at  Theobalds  on  the  17th 
or  19th  of  February,  1618.  His  wife  was  Mary,  daugh- 
ter of  John  Drake  of  Ashe;  his  family  arms^  per  pale 
gules  and  azure,  a  lion  rampant  argent.  Crest :  a  lion's 
head  couped  argent.  We  are  indebted  to  Mr.  Tuckett's 
Devonshire  Collections  for  the  above  information.] 

BISHOP  LTNDWOOD.  —  Lyndwood,  the  author 
of  the  Provinciale,  where  born  ?  Was  he  of  a 
family  of  merchants  of  that  name,  to  whose  me- 
mory there  are  some  brasses  in  the  church  of 
Linwood  parish,  near  Market  Rasen  ? 

J.  SANSOM. 

[William  Lyndwood,  Bishop  of  St.  David's,  was  de- 
scended from  a  respectable  family  seated  at  Lyndewode  or 
Linwood,  near  Market  Rasen,  in  the  county  of  Lincoln, 
at  which  place  he  was  born.  He  is  stated  to  have  been 
one  of  seven  children.  Gough  (Sepulch.  Mon.  ii.  52.)  has 
printed  an  inscription  on  a  slab  in  the  church  of  that 
parish  to  the  memory  of  John  and  Alice  Lyndewode,  who 
are  thought  to  have  been  the  father  and  mother  of  the 
bishop.  The  father  died  in  1419.  Gough  («&.  53.)  has 
also  printed  another  inscription  derived  from  the  same 
church,  to  the  memory  of  a  second  John  Lyndewode,  who 
died  in  1420,  and  who  is  stated  to  have  been  a  brother  of 
the  bishop.  We  are  indebted  for  these  particulars  to  a 
valuable  biographical  notice  of  the  bishop  in  the  Archceo- 
logia,  xxxiv.  411-417.] 


ENGLISH  COMEDIANS  IN  THE  NETHERLANDS. 

(lrt  S.  ii.  184.  459. ;  iii.  21. ;  vii,  114.  360.  $03.  ; 
2nd  S.  vii.  36.) 

Mr.  L.  Ph.  C.  van  den  Bergh,  J.  U.  D.,  in  the 
first  part  of  his  's  Gravenhaagsche  BijzonderJieden 
('s  Gravenhage  Martinus  JSTijhoff,  1857),  p.  20 — 
23.,  writes :  — 

"  Already  in  1605  a  company  of  English  comedians  or 
camerspelers  *  had  erected  its  trestles  at  the  Hague,  and  it 
seems  they  gave  some  representations  during  the  fair. 
The  Hof  van  (Court  of ')  Holland,  taking  ill  that  this 
was  done  without  its  knowledge,  thought  fit  to  summon 
the  players,  and  by  them  was  acquainted,  that  they 
had  an  act  of  consent  from  the  Prince,  and  the  magis- 
trates' permission  for  eight  or  ten  days:  that,  further- 
more, thej'  took  three  pence  a  spectator'.  Hereupon  they 
were  forbidden  to  play  after  the  current  week.  (Resolu- 
tion 's  Hofs,  May  10th,  1605.)  Thus,  probably,  this  as- 
sociation of  actors  will  have  given  its  representations  in 

*  Rhetoricians. 


a  tent  or  booth,  pitched  up  for  the  purpose,  and  in  the 
number  of  Englishmen  then,  as  appears  from  elsewhere, 
residing  at  the  Hague,  we  find  good  reason  for  their 
doing  so. 

"  In  the  month  of  June  of  next  year,  they,  with  the 
Stadtholder's  leave,  again  made  their  entrance-bow  to 
the  public,  but  again  only  stayed  for  a  short  time :  which 
latter  fact,  considering  the  journey  from  England  to  the 
Low  Countries,  makes  us  surmise  that  they  also  will 
have  played  in  other  towns  of  the  United  Provinces, 
though  written  proofs  of  this  suggestion  still  be  wanting.* 
And  it  seems  they  had  '  a  good  house,'  for  in  the  month 
of  April,  1607,  they,  for  a  third  time,  found  themselves 
at  the  Hague,  and  again  the  Hof  interfered  and  hin- 
dered them  from  giving  any  farther  representations  until 
the  fair. 

"  But,  in  1608,  the  States,  by  express  edict,  opposed 
their  authority  against  all  scenical  representations  of 
whatever  kind  being  given  at  the  Hague,  forbidding 
them  as  scandalous  and  pernicious  to  the  -commune,  and' 
thus,  during  a  couple  of  years,  no  vestige  of  any  stage- 
playing  occurs. 

"  The  nation,  meanwhile,  had  grown  accustomed  to 
such  shows:  even  protestant  England  had  admitted, 
and  the  Stadtholder  with  his  court  seem  to  have  re- 
lished them.  And  so  it  happened  that  when,  in  1610, 
the  strolling  actors  again  presented  themselves,  the  Court 
of  Holland,  by  resolution  of  September  24,  authorised 
them  to  perform  on  Monday,  Tuesday,  Wednesday,  and 
Thursday,  for  which  leave  they  should  have  to  pay  to 
the  deacons,  in  behalf  of  the  poor,  a  sum  of  20  pounds ; 
this  licence  was  prolonged  for  a  week  on  the  29th.  A 
similar  permission  was  granted  to  them  on  October  9, 
1612:  this  time  for  a  fortnight.  Whether  they  since 
came  back  more  than  once,  I  cannot  say,  as  I  do  not 
again  find  them  noticed  before  the  year  1629,  when  the 
magistrate,  under  the  stipulation  of  thirty  guilders  for 
the  orphan -house,  repeated  for  them  his  allowance  to 
perform  at  the  fair.  In  December  of  that  year  their  li- 
cence was  renewed,  and  the  tennis-court  of  the  Hof,  in 
the  present  Hoflaan,  conceded  to  their  use. 

"  But  once  more,  since  that  period,  I  fell  in  with  an 
English  company  of  actors,  which  resided  at  the  Hague 


*  If  Mr.  Van  den  Bergh  had  looked  over  his  Navorscher, 
he  would  not  have  oyerlooked  what  is  stated  there  (Na- 
vorscher's  Sijblad,  l«o"0,  pp.  xl.  and  liv. ;  cf.  «  K  &  Q." 
1st  S.  vii.  360.  503.)  about  the  English  players  and  their 
peregrinations ;  we  can  almost  follow  them  step  by  step. 
I  will  not  mention  the  troop  of  Robert  Browne  (sic,  not 
Bronv;  vide  infra),  that,  in  October,  1590,  performed 
at  Leyden  (Navorscher,  viii.  7 ;  "  N.  &  Q."  2»*  S.  vii.  36.), 
nor  allude  to  the  company  of  "  certain  English  come- 
dians," who  played  at  the  townhall  of  Utrecht  in  July, 
1597 ;  but  will  only  refer  to  the  association  of  players 
that  (with  John  Wood  as  manager?)  appears  at  the 
Court  of  Brandenburgh  before  August  the  10th,  1604 : 
comes  to  Leyden  on  September  30  of  the  same  year :  has 
an  act  of  consent  from  his  Excellency  of  Nassau,  bearing 
the  date  of  December  22 :  returns  to  Leyden  on  January 
the  6th,  1605 :  plays  at  Koningsberg  in  Prussia  before 
the  Duchess  Maria  Eleonora  in  October :  is  sent  away 
from  Elbing  "  because  of  its  having  produced  scandalous 
things  on  the  stage : "  is  found  at  Rostock  in  1606,  and 
again  dismissed  in  1607.  It  seems  this  company,  as  your 
present "  Judge  and  Jury,"  acted  extempore,  and  like  the 
latter  frequently  overstepped  the  then  much  less  rigid 
rules  of  decency.  That  such  English  comedians  were  not 
unknown  at  Amsterdam  in  1615  is  proved  by  what  is 
said  in  Brederoo's  Moortje,  Act  III.  Sc.  4.  See  the  trans- 
lation by  my  friend  John  Scott  of  Norwich,  "  N.  &  Q,' 
l»t  S.  vii.  361. 


2»a  S.  IX.  JAN.  21.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


49 


at  least  from  November,  1644,  to  about  February,  1645 : 
their  names,  as  recorded  in  an  act  passed  by  notary, 
were :  Jeremias  Kite,  William  Coock,  Thomas  Loffday, 
Edward  Schottnel  [sic],  Nathan  Peet  and  his  son. 
{Dingtalen  's  Hofs,  Reg.  No.  25.)  It  does  not  appear 
actresses  belonged  to  this  troop. 

"To  such  of  my  readers,  however,  as  ask  me  what  kind 
of  representations  these  stagers  used  to  give,  I,  to  my  i 
disappointment,  cannot  supply  the  information  wanted :  I 
but  1  deem  it  probable  that,  with  other  plays,  they  also 
will  have  performed  the  pieces  of  Shakspeare,  Marlowe, 
Ben  Jonson,  and  their  cotemporaries.  For  only  with  this  j 
supposition  I  am  able  to  explain  to  myself  how  the  works 
of  the  poet  I  named  first  came  already  to  be  known 
here  so  early,  and  so  soon  were  translated  into  Dutch :  j 
and  this  at  a  period  when  they  were  yet  unnoticed  else-  i 
where.  Thus,  already  in  1G18,  the  well-known  Jan  i 
Jansz.  Starter  gave  Ins  version  of  Shakspeare's  Mitch 
Ado  about  Nothing  in  his  Blyendigh  Truysspel  van  Timbre 
de  Cat-done  endc  Fenicie  van  Messine  (Merrily-ending  Tra- 
gedy of  Timbre  de  Cardone  and  I'enicia  of  Messina) ; 
Leeuwarden,  1618,  in  4to.  See  van  Halmael,  Bijdragen 
tot  de  Geschiedenis  van  het  Tooneel  [  Contributions  towards 
the  History  of  the  Stage"]:  Leeuwarden,  p.  82.  Starter's 
performance,  being  very  rare,  never  came  under  my 
hands.  I  may,  however,  not  pass  under  silence  that  one 
of  my  friends,  who  read  Starter's  comedy,  did  not  judge 
it  an  imitation  after  Shakspeare,  but  rather  a  working 
up  of  an  old  novel.  If  it  be  so,  I,  of  course,  retract  my 
surmise.*  Jacob  Struys,  in  1634,  gave  the  dramatic 
play  of  Romeo  en  Juliette,  which  was  personated  in  the 
old  chamber  of  the  Rhetoricians  at  Amsterdam,  and 
which,  to  all  probability,  also,  is  followed  after  Shak- 
speare :  whilst  Jan  Vos's  notorious  tragedy  of  Aran  en 
Titus,  of  which  already  in  1656  there  appeared  a  fifth 
edition,  is  nothing  else,  as  Bilderdijk  has  demonstrated, 
but  a  free  imitation  of  the  English  poet's  Titus  Androni- 
cus.  Perhaps  more  examples  are  extant  of  such  trans- 
lations, but  how  is  their  earliness  to  be  explained  other- 
wise than  by  the  supposition  that  beforehand  their 
originals  had  become  known  by  the  English  comedians 
of  that  time?" 

I  conclude  with  a  Letter  of  Credence,  addressed 
to  the  States  General  in  favour  of  a  Company  of 
English  Comedians,  and  communicated  by  M.  van 
den  Bergb,  l.L,  p.  41.  He  says  :  — 

"This  document,  recently  discovered  by  the  Clark- 
chartermaster  J.  A.  de  Zwaan  Cz.,  in  a  bundle  of  letters 
belonging  to  the  States  General,  I  thought  too  interesting 
not  to  publish  it,  now  the  occasion  offers.  By  it  we  see 
that,  already  in  1591,  in  various  towns  of  Holland,  and 
probably  too  at  the  Hague,  English  comedians  were  seen, 
personating  tragedies,  comedies  and  histories,  quite  ac- 
cording to  the  difference,  also  made  by  Shakspeare,  with 
whom,  for  instance,  the  pieces  of  which  kings  are  the 
heroes  in  the  same  way  are  called  histories.  The  fact 
that  the  company  was  in  the  service  of  a  private  gentle- 
man reminds  us  of  the  custom  in  the  middle  ages,  also 
with  us,  that  the  principal  barons  usually  retained  one 
or  more  pla3rers,  a  custom  of -which  the  baronial  accounts 
furnish  many  an  example.  The  agilitez  [see  "  N.  &  Q." 

ld  S.  vii.  30.]  were  tricks,  whether  of  legerdemain  [leap- 
ing] or  otherwise,  performed  in  the  interludes  mean- 
whiles  to  divert  the  public." 

Follows  the  letter :  -— 

"  Messieurs,  commeles  presents  porteurs  Robert  Browne 


["N.  &Q."2»d  S.  vii.  36.],  Jehan  Bradstrier,  Thomas 
Saxfield,  Richard  Jones,  avec  leurs  consorts,  estants  mes 
joueurs  et  serviteurs,  ont  delibere  de  faire  ung  voyage  en 
Allemagne,  avec  intention  de  passer  par  les  pai's  de  Zea- 
lande,  Hollande  et  Frise,  et,  allantz  en  leur  diet  voyage, 
d'exercer  leurs  qualitez  en  faict  de  muaique,  agilitez  et 
joeux  de  commedies,  tragedies  et  histoires,  pour  s'entre- 
tenir  et  fournir  a  leurs  despenses  en  leur  diet  voyage. 
Cestes  sont  partant  pour  vous  requerir  monstrer  et 
prester  toute  faveur  en  voz  pai's  et  jurisdictions,  et  leur 
octroyer  en  ma  faveur  Vostre  ample  passeport  soubz  le 
seel  des  Estatz,  afin  que  les  Bourgmestres  des  villes  es- 
tantz  soubz  vos  jurisdictions,  ne  les  empeschent  en  pas- 
sant d'exercer  leur  dictes  qualitez  par  tout.  En  quoy 
faisant,  je  vous  en  demeureray'a  tous  oblige',  et  me  treu- 
verez  tres  appareille'  a  me  revencher  de  vostre  courtoisie 
en  plus  grand  cas.  De  ma  chambre  a  la  court  d'Angle- 
terre,  ce  xe  jour  de  Febrier,  1591. 

"  Vostre  tres  affecsione'  a  vous 

"  fayre  plaisir  et  sarvis, 

"  C.  HOWARD." 
J.  H.  VAN  LENNEP. 
Zeyst,  near  Utrecht, 
Dec.  21.  1859. 


*  The  title  of  Starter's  production  aburidantly  shows 
Shakspeare  was  not  imitated  by  him. 


THE  DE  HUNGERFORD  INSCRIPTION. 
(2nd  S.  viii.  464.) 

This  inscription  is  printed  by  Mr.  Gough  in  his 
Sepulchral  Monuments,  vol.i.  p.  107.,  and  engraved 
in  his  Plate  xxxvin.  It  is  also  engraved  by  Sir 
Richard  C.  Hoare,  in  his  Modern  Wiltshire,  "Hun- 
dred of  Heytesbury,"  Plate  vm.  But  unfortu- 
nately neither  of  these  plates  is  from  an  accurate 
tracing  or  rubbing.  Sir  Richard  Hoare's,  indeed, 
is  a  mere  copy  of  Mr.  Gough's,  except  that  some 
corrections  are  made  in  the  French  inscription, 
and  he  has  left  the  escocheon  blank,  where  Mr. 
Gough  represented  the  arms  of  Heytesbury,  be- 
cause (he  says)  "  no  armorial  bearings  were  ever 
engraved  on  it."  This  probably  is  to  be  explained 
by  the  fact  of  the  arms  having  been  painted,  not 
"  engraved,1'  or  carved,  for  it  is  not  likely  that 
Mr.  Gough  supplied  them ;  and,  if  painted,  they 
were  probably  obliterated  when  the  stone  was  re- 
moved from  the  south  wall  of  the  church  to  the 
north,  as  Sir  R.  C.  Hoare  records. 

Neither  Mr.  Gough's  nor  Sir  R.  C.  Hoare's 
copies  of  the  inscription  are  perfectly  correct; 
nor  is  that  furnished  to  "  N.  &  Q."  by  MB.  HOP- 
PER immaculate.  In  the  fifth  line,  instead  of 
iour  we  should  read  com,  the  phrase  tant  com  being 
a  repetition  of  that  spelt  tant  cu  in  the  second  line. 
In  the  sixth  the  word  queried  by  MB.  HOPPER 
is  non.  The  whole  (when  the  contractions  are 
extended)  then  reads  as  follows  :  — 

"  Ky  por  monsire  Robert  de  Hungerford  taunt  cum  il 
vivera  et  por  1'alme  de  ly  aprcs  sa  mort  priera,  synk  centz 
et  sinquante  jours  de  pardon  avera,  grants'  de  qatorse 
Evesques  taunt  com  il  fuist  en  vie :  Par  quei  en  noun  de 
charite"  Pater  et  Ave." 
i.  e.  :  — 

"  Whoso  shall  pray  for  Sir  Robert  de  Hungerford  whilst 
he  shall  live,  and  for  his  soul  after  his  death,  shall  have 


50 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  JAN.  21.  '60. 


five  hundred  and  fifty  days  of  pardon,  granted  by  fourteen 
bishops  whilst  he  was  alive :  Wherefore  in  the  name  of 
charity  (say)  Pater  and  Ave." 

When  Gough,  quoting  Mr.  Lethieullier,  states 
that  "This  plate,  having  no  date,  shows  it  was 
set  up  in  his  life-time,"  he  misreports  Mr.  Lethi- 
eullier's  words.  Mr.  Lethieullier  (Archceologia, 
ii.  296.)  is  speaking  of  the  effigy  of  Sir  Robert 
when  he  says,  "This  having  been  set  up  in  his 
life-time,  there  is  no  being  certain  as  to  its  date." 
The  inscription,  when  it  asks  for  prayers  for  Sir 
Eobert  "  so  long  as  he  shall  live,"  proves  that  it 
was  erected  in  his  life-time.  That  fourteen  bishops 
should  have  promised  five  hundred  and  fifty  days 
of  pardon  to  all  comers  for  an  object  so  perfectly 
personal  as  the  temporal  and  spiritual  welfare  of 
Sir  Robert  Hungerford  seems  very  strange  to 
our  modern  notions ;  but  there  is  no  d<5ubt  that 
there  was  a  market  always  open  for  the  sale  of 
these  visionary  benefits.  The  bishops  who  made 
such  grants  were  generally  those  of  inferior  grade, 
or  suffragans :  the  amount,  of  pardon  to  which 
their  grants  were  usually  limited  was  forty  days, 
and  sometimes  thirty.  If  each  of  the  fourteen  to 
whom  Sir  Kobert  Hungerford  was  endebted  had 
granted  forty  days,  the  total  would  have  amounted 
to  560  :  probably  they  were  all  for  forty  days  but 
one,  and  that  for  thirty  days  only.  There  will  be 
found  a  long  catalogue  of  such  indulgences  granted 
to  the  fabric  of  the  church  of  Durham,  at  the  end 
of  the  edition  of  the  Rites  of  Durham,  printed  for 
the  Surtees  Society  in  1842 ;  and  several  to  a  far 
less  important  structure,  the  Guild  Chapel  atStrat- 
ford-upon-Avon,  are  described  in  the  folio  volume 
upon  that  building,  commenced  by  the  late  Thomas 
Fisher,  F.S.A.,  and  edited  by  myself  after  Mr. 
Fisher's  death.  JOHN  GOUGH  NICHOLS. 


PROHIBITION  OF  PROPHECIES. 

(2nd  S.  viii.  64.) 

The  prohibition  of  prophecies  dates  from  anti- 
quity. The  Chaldaji  or  mathematici,  the  profes- 
sors of  astrological  prediction,  were  prohibited 
by  various  acts  of  the  Roman  emperors  ;  but  the 
craving  after  this  species  of  divination  prevented 
the  laws  from  being  rigorously  enforced.  See 
Tacit.  Ann.  ii.  32.,  xii.  52. ;  Hist.  i.  22.,  ii.  62.  In 
the  third  of  these  passages  Tacitus  calls  the  mathe- 
matici a  "  genus  hominum  pot  en  ti  bus  infidum, 
sperantibus  fallax,  quod  in  civitate  nostra  et 
vetabitur  semper  et  retinebitur."  See  also  Dio 
Cass.  Ixv.  1.;  Suet.  Vitell  14.;  and  the  laws  in 
Cod.  Theod.  ix.  16.;  Cod.  ix.  18.;  Coll.  Leg. 
Mos.  et  Rom.  tit.  15.  There  was  a  rescript  of  the 
Emperor  Marcus  Antoninus,  which  denounced 
transportation  to  an  island  against  any  person 
who  terrified  the  minds  of  others  with  super- 
stitious fear.  (Dig.  48.  19.  30.)  A  rescript  of 


Diocletian  and  Maximian  permitted  geometry, 
but  proscribed  the  art  of  the  mathematicus  or 
astrologer  as  pernicious :  "  Artem  geometriae 
discere  atque  exercere  publice  interest.  Ars 
autem  mathematica  damnabilis  est  et  interdicta 
omnino."  (Cod.  ix.  18.  2.)  Ulpian  (Coll.  15.) 
says  on  the  rescript  of  Marcus :  "  Et  sane  non 
debent  impune  ferri  hujusmodi  homines,  qui  sub 
obtentu  et  monitu  deoruni  quEedam  vel  renun- 
tiant  vel  jactant  vel  scientes  confingunt."  (Com- 
pare Rein,  Criminalrecht  der  Homer,  p.  905.) 

According  to  the  law  laid  down  by  Pnulus 
(Sentent.  Rec.  v.  21.),  all  persons  professing  to  be 
inspired  diviners  are  treated  as  criminals.  "  Yati- 
cinatores  qui  se  deo  plenos  adsimulant  idcirco 
civitate  expelli  placuit,  ne  humana  credulitate 
publici  mores  ad  spem  alicujus  vi  corrumperentur, 
vel  certe  ex  eo  populares  animi  turbarentur." 
Paulus  proceeds  to  declare  that  the  punishment 
for  their  first  offence  is  flogging  and  simple  banish- 
ment ;  but  that  if  this  does  not  suffice,  they  are 
subject  to  imprisonment  or  transportation  to  an 
island.  To  consult  an  astrologer  or  other  di- 
viner concerning  the  health  of  the  emperor,  or 
the  state  of  public  affairs,  was  a  capital  offence. 
The  same  punishment  was  due  to  a  slave  for  a  simi- 
lar consultation  concerning  the  health  of  his  master. 
Paulus  adds  that  the  safer  course  is  to  abstain  not 
merely  from  the  practice  of  divination,  but  even 
from  all  knowledge  of  it,  and  from  the  perusal  of 
books  of  divination.  The  latter  doctrine  is  re- 
peated in  Cod.  Theod.  ix.  16.  8.  with  respect  to 
the  study  of  mathematical  or  astrological  writings  : 
"  Neque  enim  dissimilis  culpa  est  prohibita  dis- 
cere quam  docere." 

Maecenas  in  his  speech  to  Augustus  warns  him 
against  magicians,  who  by  false  predictions  lead 
the  people  to  disturbance.  (Dio  Cass.  Hi.  36.) 

It  has  been  remarked  that  when  a  person  re- 
ceives a  prophecy,  promising  him  some  great  ele- 
vation of  dignity,  his  disposition  is,  not  to  sit 
quiet,  awaiting  the  spontaneous  fulfilment  of  his 
destiny,  but  to  resort  to  active  measures  for 
bringing  about  the  event.  This  observation  has 
been  illustrated  by  a  reference  to  the  example  of 
Macbeth,  who  is  not  satisfied  to  await  the  natural 
accomplishment  of  the  prophecy  of  the  weird  sis~ 
ters  that  "  he  shall  be  king  hereafter,"  but  murders 
Duncan  in  order  to  obtain  his  crown.  This  ten- 
dency of  human  nature  did  not  escape  the  pene- 
tration of  Tacitus,  who  thus  comments  on  the 
prediction  of  the  astrologer  Ptolemseus  that  Otho 
would  one  day  become  emperor  :  — "  Sed  Otho 
tamquam  peritia  et  monitu  fatorum  prsedicta  ac- 
cipiebat,  cupidine  ingenii  humani  libentius  ob- 
scura  credendi.  Nee  deerat  Ptolema3us,Jam  et 
sceleris  instinctor,  ad  quod  facillime  ab  ejusmodi 
voto  transitur."  —  Hist.  i.  22.  (Compare  Meri- 
vale's  Rome  under  the  Emperors,  vol.  vi.  p.  386.) 

It  is  this  tendency  which  has  led  to  the  pro- 


S.  IX.  JAN.  21.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


51 


hibition  of  prophecies :  notwithstanding  the  sup- 
posed sanctity  of  diviners,  predictions  have  been 
rendered  penal,  because  they  unsettle  men's 
minds,  and  stimulate  them  to  take  active  steps 
for  accomplishing  the  downfal  of  princes,  or  for 
bringing  about  other  political  changes,  to  which 
the  prediction  points.  L. 


FOLK-LORE  AND  PROVINCIALISMS. 
(2nd  S.  viii.  483.) 

Brangle.  —  This  word  is  used  in  Lincolnshire, 
and  is  given  by  Halliwell  in  quite  an  opposite 
meaning  to  that  ascribed  to  it  by  the  translators 
of  Rabelais,  where  it  seems  to  mean  to  prevent 
difficulty.  Mr.  Halliwell  says,  "  Brangled,  con- 
fused, entangled,  complicated.  Lincolnshire"  And 
so  I  have  always  heard  it  applied.  Thus,  a  con- 
fused and  complicated  account  is  called  "  a 
brangled  account." 

Cushion.  —  In  the  parish  accounts  of  Wrangle, 
near  Boston,  "  A  velvet  quishon  of  greene  "  is 
mentioned  as  belonging  to  the  pulpit  in  1673. 
See  Chaucer's  Troilus  and  Cressidat  Book  iii.  line 
961.,  where  liquishen"  for  Cushion  occurs. 

Leery  is  frequently  used  in  Lincolnshire  to 
express  feeling  shy,  bashful,  under  restraint. 
Thus,  a  country  girl  will  say,  "  I  felt  quite  leery 
when  the  lady  spoke  to  me." 

Widbin. — Your  correspondent  A.  A.  says,  that 
the  Anglo-Saxon  for  the  Red  Dogwood  is  CORN- 
treou.  It  is  rather  singular  that  the  botanical 
name  of  the  Dogwood —  Cornus  florida  —  should 
approach  so  near  to  the  Anglo-Saxon ! 

Singing  before  Breakfast — "  If  you  sing  before 
breakfast,  you  will  cry  before  night,"  is  a  very 
common  saying  in  almost  every  part  of  Lincoln- 
shire. PISHEY  THOMPSON. 

Stoke  Newingtou. 

I  send  a  few  provincialisms  not  in  Halliwell  (ed. 
1855)  :  —  / 

Crump,  a  knock,  more  especially  on  the  head. 
Cambridgeshire. 

Dee,  noise. — Cambridgeshire. 

Haling-way,  towing-path. — Cambridgeshire. 

Cambridgeshire  people  pronounce  two,  do,  and 
the  like,  as  tew,  dew,  &c. ;  they  also  insert  to- 
gether in  such  phrases  as  "  What  are  ye  at  there, 
together  ?  " 

Scoggin,  a  vane,  weathercock. — Kent. 

Brangle,  decidedly  from  ebranler,  to  shake 
(act). 

Lear.  Halliwell,  s.  v.  says  Lear  =  hollow, 
empty. 

Maiden. — I  have  often  heard  a  most  dearly- 
loved  deceased  friend,  born  in  Lancashire,  use  the 
word  maiden  in  the  sense  of  clothes'-horse :  in 
the  same  county  the  word  winter-hedge,  given  by 
Halliwell,  is  used  in  the  same  meaning. 

P.  J.  F.  GANTILLON. 


BKANGLE  (2nd  S.  viii.  6.  483.),  like  the  Scotch 
brangle,  to  shake,  to  vibrate,  is  probably  from  the 
French  branler,  brandir.  Cushion  is  from  French 
coussin,  from  Germ,  hussen,  hissen,  perhaps  derived 
from  the  Heb.  D*O>  "  a  bag,"  "  purse."  Huffkins 
may  be  a  diminutive  formed  from  huff,  "  to  swell," 
from  A.-S.  hebban,  to  "  raise."  Leer  may  come 
from  leer,  "  empty,"  from  A.-S.  gelcer.  A  simnel 
or  symnel  is  "  a  kind  of  cake  made  of  sugar,  flour, 
plums  and  saffron  "  (Marriott's  Eng.  Diet.),  from 
L.  simila,  flour,  fine  meal;  whence  the  A.-S. 
symbel,  simble,  simle,  a  feast,  banquet,  supper.  A 
maiden  was  likewise  a  sort  of  guillotine ;  and 
gleer  may  be  connected  with  the  Dan.  glar,  Icel. 
gler,  glass.  R.  S.  CHARNOCK. 


THE  MAYOR  OF  MARKET  JEW  OR  MARAZION 
(2nd  S.  viii.  451.) — While  staying  some  time  since 
at  Marazion  in  Cornwall,  I  went  into  the  little  old 
church  with  the  clergyman,  who,  pointing  out  a 
large  high  bishop's  throne-like  kind  of  seat,  said  : 
"  That  is  the  mayor's  seat,  and  it  is  a  common 
saying  here  —  '  In  one's  own  light  like  the  Mayor 
of  Marazion.'  "  Certainly  the  position  and  appear- 
ance of  the  seat  justifies  the  legend. 

W.  DE    MOHUN. 

THE  KING'S  SCUTCHEON  (2nd  S.  ix.  6.)  —  In 
answer  to  MR.  BRUCE,  perhaps  the  following  in- 
formation may  be  of  service :  —  My  father  was  a 
King's  Messenger  for  upwards  of  forty  years,  and 
served  under  fifteen  or  sixteen  prime  ministers. 
When  on  duty,  that  is  to  say  travelling  with 
despatches,  he  always  wore  a  scutcheon  or  badge 
of  this  description :  as  well  as  I  can  recollect, 
a  small  lozenge-shaped  frame  about  four  inches 
long,  made  of  some  metal  very  strongly  gilt,  in- 
side of  which  was  the  arms  of  England,  painted 
on  some  kind  of  stout  paper,  I  think ;  so  it  ap- 
peared to  me.  This  was  covered  by  a  thick  glass 
let  into  the  frame  ;  from  the  bottom  of  the  frame 
and  affixed  to  it  by  a  ring  depended  a  small  solid 
silver  greyhound,  in  full  chase.  The  badge  was 
worn  round  the  neck  by  a  broad  blue  ribbon.  It 
was  his  authority  for  passing  turnpikes  toll  free, 
through  parks  and  any  private  property,  and  in 
fact  anywhere  he  had  occasion  to  go,  and  like- 
wise for  pressing  posthorses  or  carriages  on  the 
road.  In  reading  MR.  BRUCE'S  Note  it  struck 
me  there  was  a  great  similarity  in  the  two  cases, 
as  I  know  my  father's  was  a  very  ancient  office, 
he  receiving  as  part  of  his  fees  4d.  per  day  for 
livery,  which  fee  had  been  in  existence  from  the 
time  of  Elizabeth.  He  also  held  his  situation  by 
patent.  S.  J.  S. 

SIR  PETER  GLEANE  (2nd  S.  viii.  187,)— For  par- 
ticulars of  him,  see  Blomefield's  Norfolk,"  Village 
of  Hardwick,"  where  are  still  the  remains  of  a 
red-brick  house,  surrounded  by  a  moat,  in  which 
he  resided.  X,  Y. 


52 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2»*  S.  IX.  JAN.  21.  '60. 


ARITHMETICAL  NOTATION  (2nd  S.  viii.  41.  460. 
520.)  —  The  common  usage  of  the  middle  ages 
being  to  divide  number  into  digitus,  articulus,  and 
compositus,  I  presume  that  computus,  occurring 
with  the  two  other  words,  must  be  taken  as  either 
intended  to  be  compositus,  or  as  a  mistake,  until 
more  instances  are  produced.  I  never  found  any 
word  but  compositus  joined  with  digitus  and  arti- 
culus. 

There  is  no  doubt  that  compotus  and  computus 
are  the  same  word,  and  that  either  spelling  is  very 
frequent.  But  my  experience  is  utterly  at  vari- 
ance with  that  of  H.  F.,  who  pronounces  "  an  ac- 
count of  money"  to  be  a  meaning  of  compotus 
common  enough  to  be  called  the  usual  one. 
When  doctors  differ,  a  third  doctor  must  be  called 
in :  and  I  call  in  Doctor  Ducange,  whom  I  have 
never  till  now  consulted  on  this  question.  He 
first  points  out  that  computus  originally  means 
computation  of  any  kind,  and  cites  ancient  au- 
thors, as  Julius  Firmicus  and  St.  Jerome.  He 
then  goes  on  thus  :  —  "  Compotus,  seu  Computus, 
apud  Scriptores,  Ecclesiasticus  potissimum  intelli- 

gitur "     Of  this  he  goes  on  to  give  ample 

instances,  noticing  also  the  manner  in  which  Com- 
potista  means  a  settler  of  time  by  the  sun  and 
moon,  &c.  If  H.  F.  can  support  his  assertion  that 
the  usual  meaning  of  computus  refers  to  money,  it 
will  be  a  useful  correction  of  Ducange.  As  at 
present  informed,  I  take  the  fact  to  be  that  "  Com- 
putus Ecclesiasticus,"  the  standing  title  of  the 
calendar,  subsided  into  "Computus,"  with  "Ec- 
clesiasticus" understood,  just  as  "Holy  Bible" 
has  subsided  into  "  Bible,"  or  "  sum  total "  into 
"  sum,"  a  word  which  never  implied  addition 
until  it  came  to  stand  alone  after  keeping  com- 
pany with  "  total."  No  doubt  there  may  be  occa- 
sional uses  of  the  original  meaning  of  computus : 
the  question  is  about  their  frequency. 

Before  leaving  this  subject,  I  notice  some 
amount  of  tendency  to  confusion  between  Com- 
putus and  Compositus,  from  Compositio,  used  as  a 
translation  of  Syntaxis.  The  Almanac  called  the 
"  Compost  of  Ptolemseus "  seems  to  contain  the 
word  in  a  confusion  between  the  senses  of  Com- 
putus and  Syntaxis.  Ducange  notices  one  instance 
of  Compositus  used  for  Computus. 

A.  DE  MORGAN. 

BOYDELL'S  SHAKSPEARE  GALLERY  (2nd  S.  viii. 
50.  97.  313. 457.)  It  is  singular  that  those  gentle- 
men who  have  attempted  to  reply  to  V.  H.  Q.'s 
original  Query  should  be  unacquainted  with  that 
interesting  volume,  The  Patronage  of  British  Art; 
an  Historical  Sketch,  comprising  an  Account  of  the 
Rise  and  Progress  of  Art  and  Artists  in  London, 
from  the  beginning  of  the  Reign  of  George  the 
Second,  &c.,  by  John  Pye,  8vo.  1845.  In  this 
work  (p.  279.)  will  be  found  a  reprint  of  Mr. 
Tassie's  Sale  Catalogue,  indicating  the  subjects, 
names  of  artists,  purchasers,  and  prices  of  the 


different  works  which  formed  the  Shakspeare 
Gallery.  V.  H.  Q.  may  also  be  referred  to  a 
very  interesting  essay,  entitled  "  The  Shakespeare 
Gallery, — an  Illustration,"  which  forms  the  second 
section  of  a  pamphlet  by  that  able  advocate  of 
British  Art,  the  late  William  Carey,  entitled 
Varice;  Historical  Observations  on  Anti-British 
and  Anti-Contemporarian  Prejudices,  &c.,  8vo. 
1822.  The  chief  object  of  this  essay  is  to  show 
that  the  striking  events  of  English  history,  es- 
pecially as  delineated  by  the  forcible  pencil  of 
Northcote,  possessed  stronger  interest  and  brought 
higher  prices  at  the  sale  than  the  more  imagina- 
tive and  academical  compositions  of  Hamilton, 
Angelica  Kauffman,  and  others.  An  account 
of  the  lottery  also  appeared  in  the  Projector, 
No.  XLIL,  and  was  reprinted  in  the  Gentleman  s 
Magazine,  vol.  Ixxv.  p.  213.  WILLIAM  BATES. 

SIR  ROBERT  LE  GRYS  (2nd  S.  viii.  268.)  —  The 
family  of  Le  Grys  is  extinct  in  Norfolk.  C.  Le 
Grys  was  owner  of  the  manor-house  of  Morton 
in  Norfolk,  of  which  parish  Robert  Le  Grys  was 
rector  till  1790.  He  was  a  good  scholar  and  a 
friend  of  Dr.  Samuel  Parr.  X.  Y. 

THE  THREE  KINGS  OF  COLON  (2nd  S.  viii.  505.) 
— There  is,  at  this  time,  a  public-house  in  Boston, 
Lincolnshire,  called  the  "  Indian  Queen  ;  "  it  pro- 
bably took  its  name  from  some  fancifully  dressed 
figures  which  I  well  remember  were  painted  on 
its  ancient  sign-board.  There  were  three  figures, 
and  these  were  so  uncouth,  and  unlike  anything 
known  at  that  time,  that  the  house  had  borne  the 
name  of  "  The  Three  Merry  Devils."  This  tavern 
originally  bore  the  name  and  sign  of  "  The  Three 
Kings  of  Cologne,"  but  the  sign  faded,  and  the 
title  became  obsolete,  and  the  medieval  designa- 
tion of  the  house  was  desecrated  and  degraded  as 
I  have  stated. 

Another  tavern  in  Boston  has,  at  present,  for 
its  name  the  curious  combination  of  "  The  Bull 
and  Magpye,"  and  bears  for  its  sign  a  literal  bull 
and  as  literal  a  magpye.  This  name  and  sign  has 
also  mediaeval  origin.  The  ancient  title  of  the 
house  was  the  "  Bull  and  Pie,"  both  words  having 
a  reference  to  the  Roman  Catholic  faith  ;  the  bull 
being  the  Pope's  Bull,  and  Pie  or  Pye  being  the 
familiar  name  in  English  for  the  Popish  Ordinal ; 
that  is,  the  book  which  contained  the  ordinances 
for  solemnising  the  offices  of  the  Church.  A  MS. 
called  The  Salisbury  Pie,  —  Regula3  de  omnibus 
historiis  inchoandi,  &c.,"  was  advertised  for  sale 
by  Mr.  Kerslake,  of  Bristol,  in  1858.  This  was 
one  of  the  Service  Books  of  the  Romish  Church. 
There  was  a  celebrated  inn  in  Aldgate  called  the 
"  Pie  "  in  1659,  and  later.  See  Nares's  Glossary, 
p.  16.  ed.  1857;  see  also  Gutch's  Collect.  Cur.  ii. 
169.  Pie  or  Pye  is  supposed  to  be  an  abridge- 
ment of  the  Greek  word,  Pinax,  an  index. 

PISHEY  THOMPSON. 


S.  IX.  JAN.  21.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


53 


CUTTING  ONE'S  STICK  :  TEEMS  USED  BY  PRIN- 
TERS (2ud  S.  viii.  478.)  —  May  not  this  phrase, 
which  does  not  mean  abrogating  a  covenant,  or 
cutting  the  connection  with  anybody,  but  simply 
going  away,  be  rather  derived  from  an  expression 
very  commonly  used  in  printing  offices  ?  A  com- 
positor who  wants  a  holiday,  or  a  little  recreation, 
will  say,  "  Well,  I  am  tired  of  this.  I  shall  cut 
the  stick  (i.  e.  the  composing-stick)  for  to-day, 
and  go  and  take  a  walk."  I  have  been  told  the 
phrase  "  in  the  wrong  box  "  is  derived  from  the 
compositor's  expression  when  he  finds  a  letter  in 
the  wrong  place;  and  that  "to  mind  your  p's  and 
q's"  comes  from  the  same  source,  these  letters 
being  so  like  each  other,  and  so  liable  to  be  mis- 
taken the  one  for  the  other  by  young  compositors, 
who  have  not  got  quite  used  to  read  letters  the 
reverse  way. 

May  I  venture  to  add,  — 

"  An  old-fashioned  saying  is  often  in  use, 
Bidding  people  '  to  look  to  their  P's  and  their  Q's ; ' 
A  better  example  we  now-a-days  find, 
Tis  our  N's  and  our  Q's  we  are  careful  to  mind." 

A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

The  illustration  given  by  SIR  J.  EMERSON 
TENNENT  (p.  478.)  from  Zechariah,  of  the  "cutting 
one's  stick  "  being  symbolical  of  the  abrogation  of 
a  friendly  covenant,  or  the  disruption  of  family 
bonds,  reminds  me  of  the  provisions  in  the  Salic 
Law  ;  and  the  forms  there  laid  down  for  a  person 
who  desired  to  repudiate  all  connection  with  his 
kinsmen  :  — 

"  LXIII.  De  eo  qui  se  de  parentilla  tollere  vult. 

"  1.  Si  quis  de  parentilla  tollere  se  voluerit,  in  mallo 
ante  tunginum  aut  centenariura  ambulet,  et  ibi  quatuor 
ftistes  alninos  super  caput  suum  frangat,  et  illas  quatuor 
paries  in  mallo  jactare  debet,  et  ibi  dicere,  ut  et  de  jura- 
mento,  et  de  haireditate,  et  de  tota  illorum  se  ratione  tollat, 

"  2.  Et  si  postea  aliquis  de  parentibus  suis  aut  moritur, 
aut  occiditur,  nihil  ad  eum  de  ejus  hsereditate,  vel  de 
compositione  pertineat. 

"  3.  Si  autem  ille  occiditur,  aut  moritur,  compositio  aut 
haereditas  ejus  non  ad  haeredes  ejus,  sed  ad  fiscum  per- 
tineat, aut  cui  fiscus  dare  voluerit." 

W.  B.  MAC  CASE. 

^  HERALDIC  DRAWINGS  AND  ENGRAVINGS  (2nd  S. 
viii.  471.) — We  are  told  by  that  careful  antiquary, 
Mr.  J.  R.  Planche,  in  his  Pursuivant  of  Arms, 
1852,  p.  20.,  that  the  mode  of  indicating  the  tinc- 
tures in  engraving  is  said  to  be  the  invention  of 
an  Italian,  Padre  Silvestre  de  Petra  Sancta ;  the 
earliest  instance  of  its  use  in  England  being  the 
death-warrant  of  King  Charles  I.,  to  which  the 
seals  of  the  subscribing  parties  are  represented  as 
attached. 

Gules  seems  to  be  represented  by  perpendicular 
lines,  as  blood  running  down;  azure,  by  horizontal 
lines,  as  a  level  expanse  of  blue  water ;  vert,  by 
diagonal  lines,  as  indicating  a  green  hill ;  sable, 
by  the  cross  lines,  as  darkness.  ACHE. 


THREE  CHURCHWARDENS  (2nd  S.  viii.  146.) — At 
Attleborougb,  Norfolk,  three  churchwardens  are 
;  chosen  annually,  and  there  is  evidence  that  the 
I  custom  existed  as  far  back  as  1617.  It  appears 
from  the  fourth  bell  at  S.  John  Maddermarket, 
Norwich,  that  in  1765  there  were  three  church- 
wardens. I  cannot  say  whether  such  is  the  case 
now.  At  S.  Michaei-at*  Thorn,  in  the  same  city, 
there  are,  I  believe,  three.  At  S.  Michael  Cos- 
lany  (also  in  Norwich)  forty  years  ago,  I  am 
told  there  were  three.  But  this  would  appear  to 
have  been -unusual,  for  when  they  presented  them- 
selves to  be  sworn,  the  Archdeacon  (Bathurst) 
jocosely  exclaimed,  "  Any  more  churchwardens 
for  S.  Michael  Coslany,  gentlemen,  any  more  ?" 

EXTRANEUS. 

CABAL  (1st  S.  iv.  443.  &c.)— I  think  I  can  furnish 
as  early  an  instance  as  any  of  those  adduced  by 
your  correspondents  of  the  use  of  this  word : 
being  employed  in  a  sort  of  Spy-book  (MS.) 
about  the  year  1663. 

*'  Needham  (Marchmont}  practises  physic  in  S*  Thomas 
Apostles,  holds  no  great  cabal  with  the  disaffected,  though 
much  courted  to  it ;  is  not  very  zealous,  only  despairs  of 
grace  from  the  king." 

Macaulay,  in  History  of  England,  says  that 
"  during  some  years  the  word  cabal  was  popu- 
larly used  as  synonymous  with  cabinet"  and  con- 
siders the  appellation  as  applied  to  the  ministry  of 
1671  only  a  "  whimsical  coincidence."  CL.  HOPPER. 

GEERING  (1st  S.  viii.  340.)  —  Henry  Geering, 
late  of  St.  Margaret's,  Isle  of  Thanet,  Kent,  and 
afterwards  of  Dublin,  Gent.,  died  intestate,  and 
administration  was  granted  to  Richard  Geering, 
of  Dublin,  his  brother,  26  April,  1694,  by  the 
Court  of  Prerogative  in  Ireland.  Can  any  cor- 
respondent from  the  Isle  of  Thanet  supply  me 
with  information  respecting  this  Henry  Geering 
or-  his  family  ?  Perhaps  some  memorial  of  them 
appears  in  the  parish  register  of  St.  Margaret's. 

Y.  S.  M. 

HILDESLEY'S  POETICAL  MISCELLANIES  (2nd  S. 
viii.  472.)  — In  the  church  of  Wyton,  or  Witton, 
Huntingdonshire,  is  a  monument  to  the  memory 
of  Mark  Hildesley,  M.A.,  who  is  stated  to  have 
been  for  sixteen  years  rector  of  that  and  the  ad- 
joining parish  (Houghton).  He  died  April  28th, 
1726,  aged  fifty-eight,  and  the  monument  was 
erected  by  "  M.  H.  Filius  Defuncti  natu  Maxi- 
mus."  B. 

DISCOVERY  or  GUNPOWDER  PLOT  BY  THE  MAGIC 
MIRROR  (2nd  S.  viii.  369.)  —  I  have  an  imperfect 
copy  of  the  Prayer  Book  with  this  plate,  of  a 
much  later  date  than  that  alluded  to  at  p.  369. 
The  title-page  and  some  leaves  are  gone  ;  but  the 
Order  in  Council  of  1760  for  the  use  of  the  usual 
prayers  is  in  it ;  and  the  prayers  mention  King 
George  III.,  Queen  Charlotte,  and  George  Prince 
of  Wales.  S.  O. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


2"d  S.  IX.  JAN.  21.  '60. 


CAMPBELLTON,  ARGYLESHIRE  (2nd  S.  viii.  380.) 
— I  purchased  at  a  book  sale  in  Edinburgh,  nearly 
two  years  ago,  a  work  entitled  Views  of  Camp- 
bellton and  Neighbourhood,  published  by  Wm. 
Smith,  junr.,  Lithographer,  Edinburgh  (43  pp. 
la.  fol.)  It  contains  nearly  a  dozen  views,  among 
which  there  is  one  of  the  "  Main  Street  of  Camp- 
bellton  "  with  the  ancient  cross  which  COTHBERT 
BEDE  mentions.  In  the  printed  description  which 
accompanies  the  views  the  cross  is  thus  alluded 
to:  — 

"  The  Cross,  which  stands  in  the  centre  of  the  street,  is 
a  very  handsome  pillar  of  granite,  and  is  richly  orna- 
mented with  sculptured  foliage.  It  bears  on  one  side 
this  inscription :  « Haec :  est :  crux :  Domini :  Yvari :  M :  K : 
Eachyrna  :  quondam  Rectoris  :  de  Kyregan :  et  Domini : 
Andre  nati  :  ejus  :  Rectoris  :  de  Kilcoman  :  qui  hanc 
crucem  fieri  faciebat.' 

"  Gordon  (by  report  only)  mentions  this  as  a  Danish 
obelisk,  but  does  not  venture  its  description,  as  he  never 
saw  it.  The  tradition  of  the  town,  however,  is,  that  it 
was  brought  from  lona,  and  we  are  inclined  to  be  of  the 
same  opinion,  although  it  has  been  stated  in  a  lately  pub- 
lished work  that  this  tradition  is  improbable,  from  the 
circumstances  of  its  being  likely  that  the  x  was  not  re- 
moved far  from  where  it  was  originally  placed ;  as  also 
that  the  name  Kyregan,  of  which  M'Eachran  was  rector, 
sounding  something  like  Kilkerran  and  Kilcoman,  of 
which  Mr.  Andrew  was  rector,  being  similar  to  Kilcoivin, 
an  ancient  parish  now  joined  to  that  of  Campbellton.  This 
kind  of  derivation  certainly  bears  some  ingenuity,  if  not 
probability.  Yet  when  one  considers  the  intercourse 
which  existed  between  Kintyre  and  the  island  of  lona 
for  such  a  length  of  time,  as  is  proved  from  the  inti- 
macy existing  between  St.  Columba  and  St.  Ciaran 
during  the  whole  of  their  lives,  as  also  the  fact  of  there 
being  many  Ionian  crosses  of  undisputed  origin  dis- 
tributed throughout  the  country  and  found  in  places 
much  more  unlikely  than  Campbellton,  connected  with 
the  description  of  the  stone,  the  nature  of  the  sculpture, 
and  the  tradition  of  the  country,  he  is  naturally  led  to 
conclude  that  the  cross  was  actually  brought  from  lona. 
However,  come  from  where  it  might,  it  is  a  great  orna- 
ment to  the  town.  There  also  a  public  well  of  pure  spring 
water  issues  from  a  fountain  in  the  cross.  The  Kintyre 
Club  has  adopted  the  figure  of  this  x  as  one  of  its  distin- 
guishing badges." 

Referring  to  my  copy  of  Pennant's  Tour,  1772, 
IJfind  that  the  first  paragraph  of  the  above  is 
taken  from  his  work. 

If  CUTHBERT  BEDE  desires  to  get  a  copy  of 
the  views  and  letter-press,  I  will  be  glad  to  part 
with  my  copy  at  the  price  it  cost  me.  J.  N. 

Inverness. 

THE  BOOK  OP  HY-MANY  (2nd  S.  viii.  512.)  — 
MR.  KELLY  asks,  "  Can  any  of  your  correspon- 
dents inform"  him  "  in  whose  custody  this  doubt- 
less highly  curious  ancient  MS.  is  at  the  present 
time  ?  "  The  Leabhar  Hy  Maine,  or  the  Book  of 
the  O'Kellys,  was  among  the  Stowe  MSS.  These 
were  all  bought  by  the  present  Earl  of  Ashburn- 
ham,  who  no  doubt  is  the  actual  owner.  In  the 
Transactions  of  the  Tberno- Celtic  Society,  torn.  i. 
part  i.  p.  cxxi.,  may  be  seen  a  lengthened  descrip- 
tion of  its  contents.  '  C. 


ROUND  ABOUT  OUR  COAL  FIRE  (2nd  S.  viii.  481.) 
—  Inferring  from  DR.  RIMBAULT'S  article  on  this 
subject,  that  he  has  not  seen  the  first,  second,  and 
third  editions  of  this  tract,  I  beg  to  -say  that  I 
possess  the  latter,  which  is,  however,  without 
date.  It  contains,  moreover,  a  sheet  less  than 
DR.  RIMBAULT'S  edition,  and  differs  too  as  to  the 
title-page,  which  being  shorter,  and  character- 
istic in  its  way,  I  venture  to  transcribe  :  — 

"Round  about  our  Coal- Fire:  or  Christmas  Entertain- 
ments, containing  Christmas  Gambols,  Tropes,  Figures, 
&c.  with  Abundance  of  Fiddle-Faddle-Stuff  ;  such  as 
Stories  of  Fairies,  Ghosts,  Hobgoblins,  Witches,  Bull- 
beggars,  Raw-heads  and  Bloodj'-Bones,  Merry  Plays,  &c. 
for  the  Diversion  of  Company  in  a  Cold  Winter-Evening, 
besides  several  curjous  Pieces  relating  to  the  History  of 
Old  Father  Christmas ;  setting  forth  what  Hospitality  has 
been,  and  what  it  is  now.  Very  proper  to  be  read  in  all 
Families.  Adorned  with  many  curious  Cuts.  The  Third 
Edition.  London.  Printed  for  J.  Roberts  in  Warwick- 
Lane,  and  sold  by  the  Booksellers  in  Town  and  Countrv. 
Price  Is."  Pp.  48. 

The  cut  of  the  "  Hobgoblin  Society "  is  face- 
tiously described  as  being  "  from  an  original 
painting  of  Salvator  Rosa,"  and  the  following 
one,,  of  "  Witches  at  an  Assembly,"  as  "  from  a 
Capital  Piece  by  Albert  Durer,  as  supposed  by 
the  hardness  of  the  drawing."  There  is  no  Pro- 
logue in  my  copy,  but  an  excellent  Epilogue, 
which,  however,  as  DR.  RIMBAULT  promises  to 
return  to  the  subject,  I  leave  to  his  discretion.  A 
copy,  bearing  the  same  title  as  mine,  and  also 
without  date,  was  sold  for  seventeen  shillings  at 
Mr.  Halliwell's  sale  of  his  Shakspearian  collections 
in  May,  1856.  WILLIAM  BATES. 

DICKSON  OF  BERWICKSHIRE  (2nd  S.  viii.  398.) — 
I  am  unable  to  give  D.  any  information  as  to  the 
Dicksons  of  Brightrig,  but  I  am  quite  certain 
that  the  family  of  Belchester  is  not  extinct.  The 
late  George  Dickson,  Esq.,  of  that  place,  who  died 
some  few  years  ago,  was  married,  and  left  issue 
one  son  and  a  daughter ;  the  former  is  now  an 
officer  in  the  army.  CHATHODUNUS. 

NATHANIEL  FAIRCLOUGH  (2nd  S.  viii.  398.)  —  In 
answer  to  the  request  of  MESSRS.  C.  II.  & 
THOMPSON  COOPER  for  farther  information  re- 
specting this  gentleman,  I  beg  to  say  that  in  The 
History  and  Antiquities  of  Lambeth,  by  John 
Tanswell,  of  the  Inner  Temple,  8vo.  Lond.  1857, 
p.  136.,  is  an  account  of  "  Daniel  Featlye,  Feat- 
ley,  or  Fairclough,  D.D."  It  states,  inter  alia, 
that  he  was 

"Presented  to  this  living  [St.  Mary's,  Lambeth]  on 
February  6,  1618.  He  was  the  son  of  John  Featley,  by 
Marian  Thrift  his  wife,  and  was  born  on  the  15th  March, 
1582,  at  Charlton-upon-Otmore,  near  Oxford,  but  was 
descended  from  a  Lancashire  family  named  Fairclough, 
which  he  changed  to  Featley,  to  the  great  displeasure  of 
his  nephew,  who  wrote  an  account  of  his  life." 

Nathaniel  Fairclough  was  probably  the  nephew 
here  referred  to.  T.  P.  L. 


2"*  S.  IX.  JAN.  21.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


55 


LUCKY  STONES  (2nd  S.  viii.  267.)  — There  is  no 
mystery  about  "  lucky  stones."  They  are  gene- 
rally composed  of  flint,  and  come  mostly  from 
the  chalk  districts.  When  flint  is  in  a  fluid  state, 
its  particles  have  a  mutual  attraction  for  each 
other,  whereby  they  will  aggregate  into  Clumps. 
This  has  been  frequently  proved  by  artificial  ex- 
periment. When  the  fluid  flint  was  originally 
disseminated  through  the  chalk,  it  gradually  ag- 
gregated into  such  nodules  or  irregular  figures  as 
the  crevices  in  the  chalk  favoured.  Flint  nodules 
are  of  the  most  varied  and  fantastical  forms.  In 
the  case  of  "  lucky  stones"  the  flint  merely  col- 
lected round  something  softer  than  itself,  which 
afterwards  decayed  out  or  wore  out,  and  conse- 
quently left  a  hole.  P.  HUTCHINSON. 

SIR  HUMPHRY  (OR  HUMFREY)  LYNDE  (OR 
LIND)  (2nd  S.  ix.  13.)— Sir  H.  Lynde  was  author  of 
Via  Tufa  and  Via  Devia  (Prynne's  Canterburies 
Doome,  pp.  168.  170.  185.).  He  was  a  friend 
of  Simon  Birckbeck's  (Birekbeck's  Protestanfs 
Evidence,  1657  ;  Preface,  §  1.).  He  is  noticed  by 
Duport  (Musce  Subsecivcc,  p.  20.).  Notices  of  the 
controversy  at  his  house  may  be  seen  in  a  letter  to 
Joseph  Mead,  printed  in  the  very  useful  but  ill- 
edited  collection  known  as  Birch's  Court  and 
Times  of  James  I.  (Lond.,  1849,  vol;  ii.  p.  408.)  ; 
and  in  a  letter  of  John  Chamberlain's  to  Sir  D. 
Carle  ton  (July  12,  1623,  S.  P.  O.)  One  Humphry 
Lynd,  curate  of  Maidstone,  is  mentioned  by  Le 
Neve  (Protestant  Bishops,  vol.  i.  part  i.  p.  206.). 

J.  E.  B.  MAYOR. 

St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 

JOHN  LLOYD  (OR  FLOYD)  THE  JESUIT  (2nd  S. 
ix.  13.) — Of  John  Floyd,  alias  Daniel  a  Jesu, 
alias  Hermannus  Loemelius,  alias  Geo.  White, 
some  account  may  be  seen  in  Berington's  Memoirs 
ofPanzani,  pp.  124—126. 

It  is  so  hard  to  identify  members  of  a  perse- 
cuted sect,  forced  to  assume  a  succession  of  dis- 
guises, that  I  add  the  following  references,  with- 
out venturing  to  affirm  that  they  refer  to  the 
same  person  as  Panzani. 

One  Lloyd,  a  dangerous  Jesuit,  occurs  in 
Prynne's  Canterburies  Doome,  p.  453. ;  Lloyd, 
alias  Hen.  Smith,  a  Jesuit,  ibid.  p.  449. ;  one  Hen. 
Loyd,  or  Flud,  alias  Fras.  Smith,  alias  Rivers, 
alias  Simons,  provincial  of  the  Jesuits,  ibid.  pp. 
448-450.  J.  E.  B.  MAYOR. 

St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 

HERALDIC  (2lld  S.  viii.  531.)  — The  armorial 
bearings  on  the  impalement  mentioned  by  P. 
HUTCIIINSON  may  possibly  be  intended  for  the 
name  of  Batty  or  Battie,  as  they  somewhat  re- 
semble the  coat  granted  to  Battie  of  Wadworth 
and  Warmsworth,  Yorkshire,  viz.  a  chevron  be- 
tween three  goats  passant,  on  a  chief  a  demi- 
savage,  or  woodman,  holding  a  club  over  his 
shoulder,  between  two  cinquefoijs.  C.  J. 


THE  "  MISERS"  OF  QUENTIN  MATSYS  (2nd  S. 
viii.  469.)  —  The  Query  respecting  the  Misers  of 
this  artist,  suggests  another  Query  I  have  long 
thought  of  asking,  namely,  on  what  authority 
are  the  personages  represented  in  the  picture 
styled  misers  at  all  ?  They  appear  to  me  to  be 
two  merchants  looking  over  their  books.  Every- 
thing about  the  room  betokens  neatness  and 
order ;  both  men  are  well-dressed  in  the  burgher 
costume  of  the  time  ;  and  certainly  the  face  of 
the  man  nearest  to  the  spectator  is  pleasing  in 
expression,  and  bears  no  trace  of  a  miserly  or 
churlish  disposition. 

I  last  saw  the  picture  at  the  Manchester  Ex- 
hibition, and  could  not  get  near  enough  to  read 
the  entries  in  the  book  they  are  looking  over ;  but 
I  saw  that  it  was  an  account-book,  and  if  any 
person  familiar  with  Flemish,  and  with  the  cur- 
rent hand  of  the  time,  will  take  the  trouble  to 
read  the  entries,  some  light  may  be  thrown  upon 
the  subject  of  the  picture,  and  possibly  some  clue 
may  be  obtained  towards  identifying  the  persons 
represented.  .  J.  DIXON. 

SHAKSPEARE'S  CLIFF  CALLED  HAY  CLIFF  (2na 
S.  viii.  79.) — The  poor  people  for  some  miles  round 
still  call  it  Hay  Cliff,  i.e.  the  High  Cliff.  So  in 
West  Dorset  Hawkchurch  is  called  by  the  people 
Hay  Church,  i.e.  the  church  on  the  high  ground. 

G.  R.  L. 

HENRY  SMITH  (2nd  S.  viii.  254.)— I  am  able  to 
supply  the  missing  words  of  the  title-page  of  the 
edition  of  Henry  Smith's  Sermons  to  which  MR. 
BINGHAM  refers  ("  N.  &  Q."  p.  331.)  They  are 
as  follows  :  — 

"  At  London :  Imprinted  by  Felix  Kyngston  for 
Thomas  Man,  dwelling  in  Pater-noster  Row  at  the  signe 
oftheTalbot.  1611." 

My  copy  has  the  whole  of  the  "  Questions"  at 
p.  54.  to  which  MR.  BINGHAM  refers.  Should  the 
book  be  republished,  I  shall  have  much  pleasure 
in  placing  my  copy  at  the  disposal  of  the  Editor. 

C.  J.  ELLIOTT. 

Winkfield  Vicarage. 

BISHOPS  ELECT  (2nd  S.  viii.  431.)—  The  junior 
bishop  never  being  a  member  of  the  House  of  Peers, 
cannot,  of  course,  take  his  seat  before  his-consecra- 
tion  ;  but  I  much  doubt  whether,  even  under  the 
old  system — that  is,  before  the  creation  of  the  see 
of  Manchester  —  any  bishop  elect  only  could  have 
so  taken  his  seat ;  as  the  bishops  surely  sit  in  the 
House  as  Spiritual  Peers,  and  could  not  come 
under  that  denomination  until  entitled  to  it  by 
the  act  of  consecration.  J.  S.  S. 

"  PRUGIT  (?)  "  (2nd  S.  ix.  4.)  —  As  prugit  does 
not  accord,  in  tense,  with  the  verbs  which  follow 
(furaverit,  occiderit),  Du  Cange  suspects  that  the 
passage,  as  it  stands,  is  corrupt ;  and  therefore  for 
"  Si  quis  bisontem,  bubalum,  vel  cervum  prugit, 


56 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»*  S.  IX.  JAN.  21.  '60. 


furaverit  aut  occiderit"  he  proposes  to  read  "Si 
quis  bisontem,  bubal  urn,  vel  cervum  qui  prugit, 
furaverit,"  &c.,  taking  prugit.  as  equivalent  to  rugit. 
This  emendation  Du  Cange  supports  by  the  two 
following  citations  from  the  Lex Longob.  :  "Si  quis 
cervum  domesticum  alienum,  qui  non  rugit,  intri- 
caverit,"  and  "si  quis  cervum  domesticum  alie- 
num, qui  tempore  suo  rugire  solet,  intricaverit." 

The  proposed  emendation  is  liable  to  this  ob- 
jection, that  we  have  nothing  in  the  way  of 
evidence  to  prove  that  prugit  ever  stood  for 
rugit.  May  not  the  true  solution  be  that  the 
original  reading  was  q  rugit  (qui  rugit)  ;  and  that 
some  copyist,  not  minding  his  p's  and  q's,  for 
q  rugit  wrote  p  rugit,  whence  prugit  ? 

THOMAS  BOYS. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

Memoirs  of  the  Life  and  Times  of  the  Pious  Robert 
Nelson,  Author  of  "The  Companion  to  the  Festivals  and 
Fasts  of  the  Church."  By  Rev.  C.  F.  Secretan,  M.A., 
Incumbent  of  Holy  Trinity,  Westminster.  (Murray.) 

If  the  virtues  of  Robert  Nelson  were  not  tried  in  the 
fire  of  persecution,  yet  it  may  be  truly  said  of  him  that 
the  Church  of  England  has  had  no  more  zealous,  no  more 
worthy  son  —  none  who  in  his  station  has  done  more  to 
show  by  good  works  what  his  faith  was.  The  child  of  a 
wealthy  parent,  the  pupil  of  so  ripe  a  scholar  and  good  a 
churchman  as  Bishop  Bull,  it  was  Nelson's  good  fortune 
to  make  to  himself  friends  of  the  mammon  of  unrighte- 
ousness, by  using  his  means  and  influence  for  the  noblest 
purposes  —  the  benefit  of  his  fellow  creatures,  and  the 
promotion  of  God's  honour.  It  is  no  small  wonder,  then, 
that  it  should  be  left  to  a  writer  of  the  present  day  to 
give  us  the  life  of  one  who  exercised  so  much  influence 
on  the  times  in  which  he  lived,  by  his  labours  and  his 
writings,  more  especially  by  the  publication  of  his  Festi- 
vals and  Fasts,  which  Dr.  Johnson  pronounced  "  a  most 
valuable  help  to  devotion,"  and  to  have  had  the  greatest 
sale  of  any  book  in  England  except  the  Bible.  Mr. 
Secretan  has  been  fortunate  in  his  subject ;  and  that  it 
has  been  with  him  a  labour  of  love,  is  manifest  from  the 
extent  of  his  researches  as  well,  as  the  tone  of  his  book. 
While  perhaps  it  is  no  less  fortunate  for  the  memory  of 
Nelson  that  the  task  of  describing  his  various  good  works 
and  schemes  of  usefulness  should  have  fallen  upon  one 
who,  having  the  spiritual  charge  of  a  poor  metropolitan 
district,  is  especially  enabled  to  appreciate  the  value  of 
Nelson's  labours,  and  to  point  out  how  all  the  great  schemes 
of  social  improvement,  of  which  we  now  boast  so  freely, 
were  proposed  a  century  and  a  half  since  by  this  model 
of  a  Christian  gentleman.  There  can  be  little  doubt 
that  Mr.  Secretan's  Life  of  Robert  Nelson  is  an  important 
addition  to  our  Standard  Christian  Biographies. 

My  Diary  in  India  in  the  Year  1858-9.  By  William 
Howard  Russell,  Special  Correspondent  of  "  The  Times." 
With  Illustrations.  2  Vols.  (Routledge.) 

Of  the  great  descriptive  power  of  Mr.  Russell,  as  dis- 
played in  his  Letters  to  The  Times,  in  which  he  painted 
all  the  pride,  pomp,  and  circumstance  of  the  late  glo- 
rious but  unhappy  war  by  which  we  latety  reconquered 
India,  it  would  be  superfluous  to  say  one  word.  The 
present  volume,  which  relates  to  Mr. 'Russell's  own  per- 
sonal adventures,  and  what  we  may  call  the  inner  life  of 
that  great  Struggle,  is  equally  striking  and  interesting ; 


and  whether  we  regard  the  variety  of  characteristic 
anecdotes  of  so  many  of  those  who  made  their  names 
famous  in  those  days  of  peril  —  the  daring  incidents  and 
hair-breadth  escapes,  or  whether  we  consider  the  views 
of  Indian  policy  —  of  our  relations  with  the  natives  —  of 
the  principles  which  must  guide  our  future  rule  —  or  the 
occasional  sketches  of  the  natural  aspect  of  the  country, 
and  the  characteristics  of  the  various  races  now  under 
our  government, — we  know  of  no  book  better  calculated 
to  amuse  the  English  reader,  and  to  imbue  him  with  a 
vivid  notion  of  the  vastness  and  importance  of  our  Indian 
Empire. 

Country  Trips  :  a  Series  of  Descriptive  Visits  to  Places  of 
Interest  in  various  Parts  of  England.  By  W.  J.  Pinks. 
Vol.  I.  (Pickburn,  Clerkenwell.) 

A  series  of  interesting  papers  originally  published 
in  The  Clerkenwell  News.  This  is  really  turning  the  cheap 
press  to  good  account :  for  these  topographical  and  his- 
torical excursions  are  well  adapted  to  stimulate  juvenile 
curiosity,  and  enrich  the  mind  with  useful  knowledge. 
The  chapters  on  St.  Alban's  Abbey,  and  the  Memorials  of 
Shakspeare's  house,  are  particularly  interesting.  The 
mass  of  information  concentrated  in  this  small  volume 
does  high  credit  to  the  author's  diligence  and  research. 

The  success  which  has  attended  Mr.  Lovell  Reeve's 
Stereoscopic  Cabinet  has  induced  him  to  publish  a  Foreign 
Companion  to  it  at  the  same  price,  2s.  Gd.,  and  which 
may  be  forwarded  by  post  for  one  penny.  The  first 
number  contains  three  capital  stereoscopic  views  —  1.  The 
Halle  of  Bruges ;  2.  Sketch  of  Character  at  Rouen ;  and 
3.  Valley  of  the  Fl on,  Lausanne. 

BOOKS  RECEIVED. — 

Morphy's  Games  at  Chess,  being  the  best  Games  by  the 
distinguished  Champion  in  England  and  America.  Edited 
by  J.  Lowenthal.  (Bohn.) 

There  can  be  no  doubt  that  Mr.  Bohn  has  done  good 
service  to  the  chess-playing  world  by  this  valuable  ad- 
dition to  the  literature  of  that  fascinating  game. 

Rights  and  Wrongs.  A.  Manual  of  Household  Law.  By 
Albany  Fonblanque,  Jun.,  Esq.  (Routledge.) 

A  very  useful  companion  to  Mr.  Fonblanque's  sketch 
of  our  constitution,  How  we  are  governed,  detailing  as  it 
does  in  an  untechnical  and  familiar  manner  our  legal 
privileges  and  duties  in  the  various  relations  of  life. 


BOOKS     AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose. 

DE  TOCQDEVILLE'S  DEMOCRACY  IN  AMERICA.    4  Vols.    8vo. 
EVANS'  SUGAR  PLANTERS'  MANCAL. 

"Wanted  ^Richardson  Brothers,  23.  Cornhill,  E.C  . 


tfl 

B.  H.  COWPBR.  The  Revolt  of  the  Bees,  1826,  is  attributed  to  Mobcrt 
Owen. 

G.  F.  C.  See  The  Life  and  Death  of  Thomas  Lord  Cromwell,  by  W. 
S.  1602,  4«o. ;  republished  in  The  Ancient  British  Drama,  i.  350.,  1810. 

W.  P.    The  E.  O.  Table  is  described  in  The  World,  No.  180.,  in  "  The 
Humble  Petition  of  all  the  letters  in  the  alphabet,  except  E.  and  0." 
Notices  to  other  Correspondent*  in  our  next. 

"  NOTES  AND  QUERIES  "  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
ustied  in  .MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  Us.  4d.,  which  nay  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  MESSRS.  BELL  AND  DALDY,  186.  FLEET  STREET,  B.C.;  to  whom 
all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  TH«  EDITOR  thould  be  addressed. 


2»*  s.  IX.  JAN.  21.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QTJEKIES. 


WESTERN    LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 
ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

S.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  184?. 


H.  E.  Bicknell.Esq. 
s,  Esq. 


Directors. 


E.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Marson-Esq. 
A.  Robinson,  Esq. 


J.L.Seager,Esq. 
.  B. 


.White, Esq. 


T.  S.  Cock ,. 

G.  H.  Drew,  Esq.  M.A. 
W.  Freeman,  Esq. 
F.  Fuller.Esq. 
J.H.  Goodhart.Esq 

Physician.—  W.  R.  Basham,  M.D. 

Bankers.  —  Messrs.  Cocks,  Biddulph.andCo. 

Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  this  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  paying  a  Premium,  as  permission  is  given  upon 
application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  the  con- 
ditions detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 
LOANS  from  100J.  to  500Z.  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 

1  Attention  is  also  invited  to  the  rates  of  annuity  granted  to  old  lives, 
for  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 
Example :  100Z.  cash  paid  down  purchases— An  annuity  of- 

10   4    c  to  a  male  life  aged  60) 
12    3    l  „  eslPayableaslong 

14  16   3  «  70 1     as  he  is  alive. 

18  11  10  „  75J 

Now  ready,  10th  Edition,  price  7s.  Gd.,  of 

MR.     SCRATCHLEY'S     MANUAL,     on 

FRIENDLY  SOCIETIES,  with  RULES,  TABLES,  and  an  EXPO-. 

SITION  of  the  TRUE  LAW  OF  SICKNESS. 

SHAW  &  SONS,  Fetter  Lane  ;  and  LAYTONS,  150.  Fleet  Street,  E.C. 

UNITED   KINGDOM 

LIFE  ASSUEANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  LONDON, 
S.W. 


The  Funds  or  Property  of  the  Company  as  at  31st  Decem- 
ber, 1858,  amounted  to  652,6187.  3s.  10d,  invested  in 
Government  or  other  approved  securities. 

THE  HON.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  ESQ.,  Deputy-Chairman. 

INVALID  LIVES.— Persons  not  in  sound  health  may  have  their 
lives  insured  at  equitable  rates. 

ACCOMMODATION  IN  PAYMENT  OF  PREMIUMS.-  Only  one- 
half  of  the  Annual  Premium,  when  the  Insurance  is  for  life,  is 
required  to  be  paid  for  the  first  five  years,  simple  interest  being 
charged  on  the  balance.  Such  arrangement  is  equivalent  TO  AN 

IMMEDIATE   ADVANCE    OP  50  PER   CENT.   UPON    THE    ANNtTAI,   PREMIUM, 

without  the  borrower  having  recourse  to  the  unpleasant  neces- 
sity of  procuring  Sureties,  or  assigning  and  thereby  parting  with  his 
Policy,  during  the  currency  of  the  Loan,  irrespective  of  the  great 
attendant  expenses  in  such  arrangements. 

The  above  mode  of  insurance  has  been  found  most  advantageous 
when  Policies  have  been  required  to  cover  monetary  transac- 
tions, or  when  incomes  applicable  fur  Insurance  are  at  present 
limited,  as  it  only  necessitates  half  the  outlay  formerly  required 
by  other  Companies  before  the  present  system  was  instituted  by 
this  Office. 
LOANS  —are  granted  likewise  on  real  and  personal  Securities. 

Forms  of  Proposal  and  every  information  afforded  on  application 
to  the  Resident  Director, 

8.  Waterloo  Place,  Pall  Mall,  London,  S.W. 
By  order, 

E.  LENNOX  BO  YD,  Resident  Director. 

ANDSOME  BRASS  and  IRON  BEDSTEADS. 


DAL  &  SON'S  Show  Rooms  contain  a  large  Assortment  of  Brass 
Bedsteads,  suitable  both  for  ITome  Use  and  for  Tropical  Climates ; 
handsome  Iron  Bedsteads  with  Brass  Mountings  and  elegantly  Japan- 
ned ;  Plain  Iron  Bedsteads  for  Servants  :  every  description  of  Wood 
'  -ead  that  is  manufactured,  in  Mahogany,  Birch,  Walnut  Tree 
:s,  Polished  Deal  and  Japanned,  all  fitted  witli  Bedding  and  Fur- 
nitures complete,  as  well  as  every  description  of  Bedroom  Furniture. 

EAL  &  SON'S  ILLUSTRATED  CATA- 
LOGUE, containing  Designs  and  Prices  of  100  BEDSTEADS,  as 
as  of  150  different  ARTICLES  of  BED-ROOM  FURNITURE, 

UNTFREB  BY  PoST. 

HEAL  &  SON,  Bedstead,  Bedding,  and  Bed-room  Furniture 
Manufacturers,  196.  Tottenham-court  Road,  W. 


[ESTABLISHED  1841.] 

MEDICAL,   INVALID,   AND   GENERAL  LIFE 
OFFICE,  25.  Pall  Mall,  London.  —Empowered  by  special  Act  of 
iament. 

At  the  EIGHTEENTH  ANNUAL  MEETING,  held  on  the 
24th  November,  1859,  it  was  shown  that  on  the  30th  June 
last,— 

The  Number  of  Policies  in  force  was      -       -       -    6,110 

The  Amount  Insured  was          -       -    2,601,925?.  10s.  Sd. 

The  Annual  Income  was       -       -       -    121,263?.    7s.  Id. 

The  new  business  transacted  during  the  last  5  years 
amounts  to  2,482,798?.  16s.  lie?.,  showing  an  average  yearly 
amount  of  new  business  of  nearly 

HAX.F  A  mXX.X.XON  STERLING. 

The  Society  has  paid  for  claims  by  death,  since  its  esta- 
blishment in  1841,  no  less  a  sum  than  508,619?. 

HEALTHY  LIVES.—  Assurances  are  effected  at  home  or  abroad  at 
as  moderate  rates  as  the  most  recent  data  will  allow. 

INDIA.  —  Officers  in  the  Army  and  civilians  proceeding  to  India, 
may  insure  their  lives  on  the  most  favourable  terms  and  every  possible 
facility  is  afforded  for  the  transaction  of  business  in  India. 

NAVAL  MEN  AND  MASTER  MARINERS  are  assured  at  equita- 
ble rates  for  life,  or  for  a  voyage. 

VOLUNTEERS —  No  extra  charge  for  persons  serving  in  any  Vo- 
lunteer or  Rifle  Corps  within  the  United  Kingdom. 

RESIDENCE  ABROAD Greater  facilities  given  for  residence  in  the 

Colonies,  &c.,  than  by  most  other  Companies. 

INVALID  LIVES  assured  on  scientifically  constructed  tables  based 
on  extensive  data,  and  a  reduction  in  the  premium  is  made  when  the 
causes  for  an  increased  rate  of  premium  have  ceased. 

STAMP  DUTY.  —Policies  issued  free  of  every  charge  but  the  pre- 
miums. 

Every  information  may  be  obtained  at  the  chief  office,  or  on  applica- 
tion to  any  of  the  Society 's  agents. 

C.  DOUGLAS  SINGER,  Secretary. 

A  CHROMATIC      MICROSCOPES.  —  SMITH, 

±\_  BECK  &  BECK,  MANUFACTURING  OPTICIANS,  6.  Cole- 
man  Street,  London,  E.C.  have  received  the  COUNCIL  MEDAL  of 
the  GREAT  EXHIBITION  of  1851,  and  the  FIRST-CLASS  PRIZE 
MEDAL  of  the  PARIS  EXHIBITION  of  1855,  "For  the  excellence 
of  their  Microscopes." 

An  Illustrated  Pamphlet  of  the  10Z.  EDUCATIONAL  MICRO- 
SCOPE, sent  by  Post  on  receipt  of  Six  Postage  Stamps. 

A  GENERAL  CATALOGUE  may  be  had  on  application. 

"PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS   is  the   CHEAPEST 

L  HOUSE  in  the  Trade  for  PAPER  and  ENVELOPES,  &c.  Useful 
Cream-laid  Note,  5  Quires  for  6d.  Super  Thick  ditto,  5  Quires  for  Is. 
Super  Cream-laid  Envelopes,  6d.  per  100.  Sermon  Paper,  4s.,  Straw 
Paper,  2s.  6d.,  Foolscap,  6s.  6d.  per  Ream.  Manuscript  Paper,  3d.  per 
Quire.  India  Note,  5  Quires  for  Is.  Black  bordered  Note,  5  Quires  for 
Is.  Copy  Books  (copies  set).  Is.  8d.  per  dozen.  P.  &  C.'s  Law  Pen  (as 
flexible  as  the  Quill),  2s.  per  gross. 

No  Charge,  for  Stamping  Arms,  Crests,  $c.  from  own  Dies. 

Catalogues  Post  Free;  Orders  over  20s.  Carriage  paid. 

Copy  Address,  PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS, 
Manufacturing  Stationers :  1.  Chancery  Lane,  and  192.  Fleet  St.  E.C. 

"DENSON'S         WATCHES.  — 

"  Perfection  of  mechanism."  —  Morning  Post. 

Gold,  4  to  100  guineas  ;  Silver,  2  to  50  guineas.  Send  2  Stamps  for 
Benson's  Illustrated  Watch  Pamphlet.  Watches  sent  to  all  parts  of 
the  World  Free  per  Post. 

33.  and  34.  LUDGATE  HILL,  London,  E.C. 


GLENFIELD    PATENT    STARCH, 
USED  IN  THE  ROYAL  LAUNDRY, 

AND  PRONOUNCED  nv  HER  MAJESTY'S  LAUNDRESS,  TO  BIS 
THE  FINEST  STARCH  SHE  EVER  USED. 

Sold  by  all  Chandlers,  Grocers,  &c.  &c. 
WOTHERSPOON  &  CO.,  GLASGOW  &  LONDON. 

BROWN   &   POLSON'S 
PATENT    CORN     FXiOTTR, 

Preferred  to  the  best  Arrowroot. 

DKLICIOUS  in  PUDDINGS,  COSTARDS,  BLANCMANGE,  CAKE,  &C., 
and  especially  suited  to  the  delicacy  of 

CHILDREN  AND  INVALIDS. 
"  THIS  is  SUPERIOR  TO  ANYTHING  OF  THE  KIND  KNOWN."— .Ea?ice<. 

Obtain  it  where  inferior  articles  are  not  substituted. 

From  Grocers,  Chemists,  Confectioners,  and  Corn  Dealers. 

PAISLEY,  DUBLIN,  MANCHESTER,  and  LONDON. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»a  S.  IX.  JAN.  21.  '60. 


BOHN'S  SCIENTIFIC  LIBRARY  FOR  FEBRUARY. 

QTAUNTON'S  CHESS  PRAXIS.  — A  SUPPLE- 

O  MENT  TO  THE  CHESS  PLAYER'S  HANDBOOK,  containing 
all  the  most  important  Modern  Improvements  in  the  Openings,  illus- 
trated by  actual  Games  ;  a  revised  Code  of  Chess  Laws  ;  and  a  Collec- 
tion of  Mr.  Morphy's  Games  in  England  and  France ;  critically 
annotated.  (636  pages.)  Post  svo.  cloth.  6s. 

HENRY  G.  BOHN,  York  Street,  Covent  Garden,  London,  W.C. 
BOHN'S  PHILOLOGICAL  LIBRARY  FOR  FEBRUARY. 

T  OWNDES'S   BIBLIOGRAPHER'S    MANUAL 

JU  OF  ENGLISH  LITERATURE,  comprising  an  account  of  rare, 
curious,  and  useful  Books  published  in  England  since  the  Invention  of 
Printing  ;  with  Bibliographical  and  Critical  Notices  and  Prices.  New 
Edition,  revised  and  enlarged,  by  HENRY  G.  BOHN.  To  be  com- 
pleted in  Eight  Parts,  forming  4  Vols.  post  8vo.  Part  V.,  price  3s.  6d, 

*##  The  former  edition  had  within  the  last  year  become  so  scarce  as 
to  sell  by  auction  for  upwards  of  71.  The  present  will  be  a  full  and 
complete  reprint,  with  extensive  corrections  and  additions,  for  1Z.  8s. 

HENRY  G.  BOHN,  York  Street,  Covent  Garden,  London,  W.C. 
BOHN'S  ILLUSTRATED  LIBRARY  FOR  FEBRUARY. 

MARRYAT'S  MISSION ;  or,  SCENES  IN  AFRICA. 
(Written  for  Young  People.)     New  edition,  complete  in  one 
me,  post  8vo.  with  engravings  on  wood  by  Gilbert  and  Dalziel, 
cloth.    5s. 

HENRY  G.  BOHN,  York  Street,  Covent  Garden,  London,  W.C. 
BOHN'S  CLASSICAL  LIBRARY  FOR  JANUARY. 

TITARTIAL'S  EPIGRAMS,  literally  translated  into 

llJL  English  Prose,  each  accompanied  by  one  or  more  Verse  transla- 
tions selected  from  the  works  of  English  Poets,  and  various  other 
sources.  With  a  copious  Index.  Double  volume  (660  pages)  poet  8vo. 
cloth.  7s.  6d. 

***  This  has  been  unexpectedly  delayed  by  the  preparation  of  the 
Index,  but  ia  now  ready. 

HENRY  G.  BOHN,  York  Street,  Covent  Garden, London,  W.C. 

ROUT  HEDGE'S  CHEAP  LITERATURE. 


In  continuation  of  the 
HALF-HOURS  WITH  THE  BEST  AUTHORS, 

Which  is  now  Complete,  the  Publishers  will,  on  the  1st  of  February, 
issue  PART  I.  of 

THE  SPECTATOR,  Revised  Edition,  with  Notes. 
This  standard  work,  without  which  no  person's  library  can  be  said 
to  be  complete,  and  which  has  been  considered  as  a  model  of  English 
literature,  will  be  completed  in  about  TWENTY -ONE  FORTNIGHTLY  SIX- 
PENNY PARTS,  each  96  pages  in  a  Wrapper,  the  whole  forming  a  hand- 
some work  in  four  volumes,  each  500  pages.  Prospectuses  and  Specimens 
gratis  on  application. 

London:  ROUTLEDGE,  WARNE.  &  ROUTLEDGE,  Farringdon 
Street,  B.C. 

WEBSTER'S  DICTIONARY—NOW  READY. 

£    s.    d. 

In  Royal  8vo.,  extra  cloth      -     .-    -          -          -          0    16   0 

half  calf  -          -          -          -          0    18    0 

halfrussia        -          -          -          -  100 

„  full  russia        -          -  -          -          140 

Being  the  EIGHTH  EDITION,  in  One  Vol.,  1265  pages,  of 

WEBSTER'S  DICTIONARY  OF  THE  ENG- 
LISH LANGUAGE.  Exhibiting  the  Origin,  Orthography, 
Pronunciation,  and  Definition  of  Words;  comprising  also  a  Synopsis  of 
Words  variously  pronounced  by  different  Orthoepists,  and  WALKER'S 
Key  to  the  Classical  pronunciation  of  Greek,  Latin,  and  Scripture 
Proper  Names.  Revised  and  enlarged  by  C.  A.  GOODRICH,  Professor  in 
Yale  College.  With  the  addition  of  a  Vocabulary  of  modern  Geogra- 
phical Names,  and  their  Pronunciation.  The  new  words  that  have 
been  added  amount  to  several  thousands,  and  the  Dictionary  now  con- 
tains 27,000  more  words  than  Todd's  Edition  of  Johnson. 


NOTICE.  — i  To  preven 


intment  and  ensure  this  the  genuine 
ICTIONARY  (the  only  one  contain- 


ing all  the  words  of  the  4to.)  being  sent,  the  Public  are  respectfully 
•    requested,  in  ordering  through  Agents,  to  specify  ROUTLEDGE'S 
EDITION,  there  being  so  many  abridgments  now  published. 

"  We  have  no  hesitation  in  giving  it  as  our  decided  9pinion  that  this 
is  the  most  elaborate  and  successful  undertaking  of  the'  kind  which  has 
ever  appeared."  —  Times. 

London:  ROUTLEDGE,  WARNE,  &  ROUTLEDQE,  Farringdon 
Street,  E.C. 


Now  ready,  with  Copious  Index,  price  10s.  6d.  cloth,  bds., 

NOTES     AND     QUERIES, 


Second  Series — Volume  Eighth, 


The  following  are  some  of  the  Principal  Articles  to  be  found  in  it :  - 
English,  Irish,  and  Scottish  History. 

Lord  Lovat  in  1715— Warren  Hastings'  Impeachment -English  Actors 
in  Germany— Knights  created  by  Oliver  Cromwell  -  Prohibition  of 
Prophecy  —  Napoleon's  Escape  from  Elba  — Junius  and  Henry  Flood 

—  Cromwell  in  Scotland  —  Wolfe  at  Quebec  —  Massacre  of  Glencoe  — 
Duke  of  Buckingham's  Ghost  Story  — The  Pretender  _  Cornwallis 
Papers -Washington  Letter -Jacobite  MSS.- Forged  Assign  ats  - 
Gunpowder  Plot  —  Rebellion  of  1715. 

Biography. 

Abigail  Hill  — Antonio  de  Dominis  —  Herbert  Knowles— Cardinal 
Howard  — Defoe's  Descendants  — Mr.  James  Payne  —  Robert  Nelson 

—  Miltoniana  —  Sir  Humphrey  May  — James  Moore  — Was  Bacon  a 
Calvinist  —  Sir  Thomas  Roe— Zachary  Boyd _ Cardinal  Wolsey  — 
Sir  Amyas  Paulet  —  Francis  Burgersdicius  —  Dr.  John  Hewett. 

Bibliography  and  literary  History. 

Forgeries  on  Bunyan  —  Verstegan's  Restituta  —  Price  of  Bibles  _ 
Ussher's  Antiquitates— Caxton  Pension,  &c.— Shakspeariana— Michael 
Drayton's  Poems  —  Molly  Mog  —  Richard  Smith's  Book  Sale  —  Chat- 
terton  MSS.'— Bibliographical  Puzzle  — Milton's  Correspondence  — 
Abel  Ridpath  and  G.  Roper  _  Baratariana  —  Mrs.  Glasse's  Cookery- 
Bacon's  Essays  —  Fly-leaf  Scribblings  _  Book  Markers  —  The  Book 
of  Sports -Jest  Books. 

Popular  Antiquities  and  Folk  Lore. 

Witchcraft  in  Churning— Clapping  Prayer-Books  on  Good  Friday  — 
Faust  Legends  — Goose  at  Michaelmas  —  All  Fools  Day  — Jack  of 
Newbury  — Supernatural  at  the  Battles  of  Clavigo  and  Prague  — 
Round  about  our  Coal  Fire—  Gossip  about  Christmas  —  St.  Stephen's 
Day. 

Ballads  and  Old  Poetry. 

Molly  Mog  —  Elizabethan  Poetry  — Lady  Culros'  Dream  — The  Wren 
Song  —  Sonnet  by  Milton  —  Northamptonshire  Ballad  —  Bonnie  Dun  - 
dee  —John  Gilpin  —  O  whar  gat  ye  that  auld  crooked  penny. 

Popular  and  Provincial  Sayings. 

Proverbs  worth  preserving —  Mrs.  Grundy  —  Puppy  Pie  —  Folk-lore 
and  Provincialisms  —  Pill  Garlic  —  Cutting  one's  Stick  —  Scraping  an 
Acquaintance. 

Philology  and  Classical  literature. 

The  Vulture  in  Italy  —  The  Lion  in  Greece  _  Classical  Cockneyism  — 
Damask  —  Ancient  Name  of  the  Cat  —  Syr  Tryamoure  —  Lion  in 
Italy. 

Ecclesiastical  History,  &c. 

Archbishop  Leighton's  Works  —  Letters  of  Cranmer  and  Osiander 

Dean  Conybeare  —  Patron  Saints  —  Henry  Smith —  Erasmus  at  Ox- 
ford —  Episcopal  Registers  —  Life  of  Dean  Granville  —  Early  Edi- 
tions of  Foxe's  Martyrs  —  Suffragan  Bishops  —Rev.  George  Watson. 

Topography. 

Mediaaval  Architecture  of  .Venice  —  Adenborough  —  Mont  St.  Michael 
_  Bartholomew  Fair  —  Calcuith  —  York  House  —  Northumbrian 
Notes  —  Richmond  and  its  Maids  of  Honour  —  Aubrey's  Wiltshire. 

Genealogy,  Heraldry.  &c. 

Earldom   of  Melfort-Red  Ribbon  of  the  Bath -Tricolor  Flag 
France  _  Heralds'  Visitations  _  Kempenfeldt  Family— Butts  Fare 

—  Stratford  Family. 

Fine  Arts. 

Inn  Signs  by  Eminent  Artists  —  Paintings  at  Vauxhall  —  Artists' 
Quarrels,  temp.  Charles  L—  Grotesques  in  Churches  —  Statues  with 
Wax  Heads  — Sir  P.  P.  Rubens. 

Miscellaneous  Antiquities. 

Celtic  Remains  in  Jamaica  —  How  the  Lord  Chancellor  goes  to  West- 
minster —  Judges'  Black  Caps  —  Super-altars  —  Shooting  Soldiers  — 
The  Great  St.  Leger  —  Last  Wolf  in  Scotland  — Why  Luther  is  re- 
presented with  a  Goose. 


of 
.mily 


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SATURDAY,  JANUARY  28.  1860. 


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CONTENTS  FOR  FEBRUARY — No.  CCLXXVIII. 

OVINGDEAN     GRANGE: 

A  TALE  OF  THE  SOUTH  DOWNS. 
By  W.  HARRISON    AINSWORTH,   ESQ. 

PART  THE  FOURTH. 

Outremanche  Correspondence.    No.  I. 

Gurney  ;  or  Two  Fortunes.    A  Tale  of  the  Times.   By  Dudley  Costello. 

Chap.  XXIV.  to  XXVI. 
Romeo  and  Rosaline.    By  Monkshood. 
Maginn'a  Shakspeare  Papers. 
Lord  Elgin's  Mission. 
Belles  and  Blackcock  ;  or,  How  a  little  Candle  on  the  Moors  lighted 

Dyneley  to  his  Destiny.    By  Ouida.    In  Five  Chapters. 
Cephalonia.    Notes  on  the  Ionian  Islands. 
The  Russians  as  they  Are.    Drawn  by  One  of  Themselves. 
A  Vacation  Tour  in  Spain. 

London  :  RICHARD  BENTLEY,  New  Burlington  Street,  W. 

nOLBURN'S    NEW    MONTHLY  MAGAZINE, 

\J     Edited  by  W.  HARRISON  AINSWORTH,  ESQ. 
CONTENTS  for  FEBRUARY. 

No.  CCCCLXX. 
The  French  in  Abyssinia. 

EastLynne.    By  the  Author  of '  Ashley."    Part  the  Second.    Chap.  I. 
The  Moonlight  Interview. -Chap.  EL. Mr.  Carlyle's  Office.  —  Chap. 
.   III.  Richard  Hare,  the  Younger. 
Wallenstein.    By  Sir  Nathaniel. 
Curiosities  of  Ceylon. 

To  Eliza  Cook.    A  Birthday  Greeting.    By  W.  Charles  Kent. 
Peden  the  Prophet. 
All  Souls'  Day.    By  Mrs.  Bushby. 
A  Holiday  Tour  in  Spain.    By  a  Physician. 
Washington  Irving.    By  Cyrus  Redding. 
Arctic  Exploration. 
Resources  of  Estates. 

A  Special  Service  at  Westminster  Abbey.    By  Edward  P.  Rowsell. 
Will  there  be  a  Congress? 

CHAPMAN  &  HALL,  193.  Piccadilly,  W. 

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III.  ERASMUS  AS  A  SATIRIST. 

IV.  THE  SILENCE  OF  SCRIPTURE. 
V.  AUSTRIA. 

VT.  FORM  AND  COLOUR.  — SIR  G.  WILKINSON. 
VII.  WESLEY  AN  METHODISM. 
VIII.  CEYLON  AND  THE  SINGHALESE. 
IX.  PROFESSOR  GEORGE  WILSON. 
X.  FOSSIL  FOOTPRINTS—HITCHCOCK. 
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PHIC SOCIETY  of  LONDON  is  NOW  OPEN,  daily,  at  the  GAL- 


[C  ! 
BY, 


LERY,  5.  Pall  Mall  East.    Also  hi  the  evening  from  7  to  10. 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2**  S.  IX.  JAN.  28.  '60. 


Photographic  Portraits  of  Public  Men. 

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Rev.  Dr.  J.  A.  Hessey. 
Rev.  Dr.  Cureton. 
Rev.  Dr.  Ooulbum. 
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Dean 

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4 


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SIR  HENRY  ELLIS,  F.R.S.,  late  Director  of  the  Society  of  Anti- 
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PETER  CUNNINGHAM,  ESQ.,  F.S.A- 
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CHARLES  RICHARDSON,  LL. D.,  Author  of  the  "English  Dic- 
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.2ndS.  IX.  JAN.  28. '60.] 


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The  following  are  some  of  the  Principal  Articles  to  be  found  in  it :  — 

English,  Irish,  and  Scottish  History. 

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Bibliography  and  literary  History. 

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Ussher's  Antiquitates— Caxton  Pension,  &c.— Shakspeariana— Michael 
Drayton's  Poems  -  Molly  Mog  —  Richard  Smith's  Book  Sale  -  Chat- 
terton  MSS.  — Bibliographical  Puzzle  — Milton's  Correspondence  — 
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Faust  Legends  — Goose  at  Michaelmas  —  All  Fo9ls  Day  — Jack  of 

Newbury Supernaturals  at  the  Battles  of  Clavigo  and  Prague  — 

Round  about  our  Coal  Fire—  Gossip  about  Christmas  —  St.  Stephen's 
Day. 

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Earldom  of  Melfort_Red  Ribbon  of  the  Bath  —  Tricolor  Flag  of 
France—  Heralds'  Visitations  —  Kempenfeldt  Family— Butts  Family 

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Inn  Signs  by  Eminent  Artists  —  Paintings  at  Vauxhall  —  Artists' 
Quarrels,  temp.  Charles  I. —  Grotesques  in  Churches  —  Statues  with 
Wax  Heads  —  Sir  P.  P.  Rubens. 

Miscellaneous  Antiquities. 

Celtic  Remains  in  Jamaica  — How  the  Lord  Chancellor  goes  to  West- 
minster _  Judges'  Black  Caps  —  Super-altars  —  Shooting  Soldiers  — 
The  Great  St.  l.eger  — Last  Wolf  in  Scotland  — Why  Luther  is  re- 
presented with  a  Goose. 


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[2nd  s.  IX.  JAN.  28.  '60. 


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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


57 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JANUARY  28.  I860. 


N».  213.  —  CONTENTS. 

NOTES  — The  Lion  in  Greece,  57  —  Shakspeare  and  Henry 
Willobie,  59  —  Amesbury,  60  — Life  of  Mrs.  Sherwood: 
Fictitious  Pedigrees  of  Mr.  Spence,  61. 

MINOR  NOTES  :  —  Henry  VI.  and  Edward  IV.  —  Mariner's 
Compass  —  "  Walk  your  Chalks  "  —  Malsh  —  The  a-Becket 
Family  —  Lord  Nelson  and  Lady  Hamilton,  62. 

QUERIES:  — Radicals  in  European  Languages  —  Church 
Chests  — Rifle  Pits  —  Classical  Claqueurs  at  Theatres  — 
"Thinks  I  to  Myself"  — Hooper  — Ballad  against  Inclo- 
sures  — Robert  Keith  —  Baptismal  Font  in  Breda  Cathe- 
dral: Dutch-born  Citizens  of  England— "  Antiquitates 
Britannic*  et  Hibernicse  "  —Noah's  Ark  —  British  Society 
of  Dilettanti  — Acrostic  —Henry  VII.  at  Lincoln  in  1486 

—  Rev.  John  Genest  —  Hotspur  —  Henry  Constantino 
Jennings—  Pye-Wype,  63. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS:  — "Put  into  Ship-shape"  — 
Anna  Cornelia  Meerman  — Rev.  J.  Plumptre's  Dramas  — 
Rev.  W.  Gilpin  on  the  Stage  —  Quotation  —  "  The  Voy- 
ages, &c.  of  Captain  Richard  Falconer"  — MS.  Literary 
Miscellanies  — St.  Cyprian  —  Benet  Borughe  —  Topogra- 
phical Excursion,  65. 

REPLIES:  — Archiepiscopal  Mitre,  67  —  Bunyan  Pedigree, 
69  —  Donnellan  Lectures,  70  — The  "  Incident  in  the  '15 ' " 

—  Dr.  Shelton  Mackenzie  — Hymns  — Song  of  the  Doug- 
las—Wreck Of  the  Dunbar— Othobon's  Constitutions— 
Sympathetic  Snails  —  Scotch  Clergy  deprived  in  1689  — 
Curious  Marriage  —  Holding  up  the  Hand—  Derivation  of 
Rip, "  a  Rake  or  Libertine—"  My  Eye  and  Betty  Martin  "— 
Nathaniel  Ward  —  Family  of  Constantino  —  King  James's 
Hounds  —  Longevity  of  Clerical  Incumbents  —  The  Elec- 
tric Telegraph  half  a  Century  ago,  70. 

Notes  on  Books. 


THE  LION  IN  GREECE. 

In  a  former  article  upon  this  subject  (2nd  S.  viii. 
81.)  I  called  attention  to  the  improbability  of  the 
supposition  that  Aristotle  should  have  received 
upon  trust  from  Herodotus  a  false  statement  re- 
specting the  occurrence  of  the  lion  in  Northern 
Greece.  It  is  worthy  of  note  that  in  one  of  the 
passages  of  the  History  of  Animals  in  which  Ari- 
stotle mentions  this  fact,  he  introduces  it  on  the 
occasion  of  a  fabulous  story  that  the  lioness  pro- 
duces only  once  in  her  life,  because  she  casts  her 
womb  in  the  act  of  parturition.  This  foolish 
fable  ((j.v8os  \-r]p(a5i)$)  was,  he  says,  invented  by 
some  one  who  wished  to  account  for  the  rarity  of 
the  lion  (H.  A.  vi.  31.).  Now  the  author  of  this 
"  foolish  fable  "  is  no  other  than  Herodotus  him- 
self, who  relates  it  at  length  (iii.  108.)  ;  and  it 
seems  very  unlikely  that  Aristotle  should  have 
been  able  to  correct  the  historian's  account  of  the 
parturition  of  the  lioness,  but  should  not  have 
thought  it  worth  his  while  to  verify  the  more  ob- 
vious and  patent  fact,  of  the  occurrence  of  the 
lion  in  Northern  Greece.  (Concerning  this  fable, 
compare  Gell.  N.  A.  xiii.  7. ;  ^Elian,  V.  H.  x.  3. ; 
N.  A.  iv.  34.;  and  Antigon.  Caryst.  21.). 

In  another  passage  of  the  History  of  Animals, 
Aristotle  states  that  birds  with  crooked  talons  do 
not  drink.  He  then  proceeds  to  remark  inciden- 
tally ;  a,\\'  'HirioSos  riyvfei  TOVTO'  TreTronjKe  yap  T^V  TT)S 


/j.ai>Tfias  TrpoeSpo*/  aerbv   eV  rfj   8n)yt]fffi    rrj    irepi     TTJI/ 

irOklOpKiaV  T^V  NlVflU  TTlJWTa,   Vlll.    18. 

Out  of  the  four  manuscripts  of  this  treatise  col- 
lated by  Bekker,  three  give  'H<rio5os ;  one,  a  Vati- 
can MS.,  of  inferior  authority,  has  'HpJSoros.  The 
reading,  'H<rto5os,  is  received  by  Bekker.  Now 
Herodotus  twice  refers  to  his  Assyrian  history,  and 
promises  to  relate  in  it  some  facts  omitted  in  his 
general  history.  One  of  these  is  the  taking  of 
Ninus  by  the  Medes  under  Cyaxares  (i.  106. 
184.).  Hence  it  has  been  conjectured  that  Ari- 
stotle in  this  passage  referred  to  the  separate 
Assyrian  history  of  Herodotus  :  and  Wesseling 
(on  Herod,  i.  106.)  and  other  critics  have  preferred 
the  reading  'Kp68orog  in  the  passage  of  Aristotle, 
who  have  been  followed  by  Miiller  (Hist,  of  Gr. 
Lit.  c.  19.  §  2.).  Mr.  Rawlinson,  in  his  recent 
edition  of  Herodotus  (vol.  i.  249.),  gives  his  rea- 
sons for  adopting  the  same  view.  On  the  other 
hand,  nothing  is  known  of  any  poem  of  Hesiod  in 
which  a  narrative  of  the  siege  of  Ninus  could 
have  been  introduced ;  and  assuming  that  the 
siege  of  Ninus  intended  by  Aristotle  is  that  of 
Cyaxares,  the  date  of  this  event  would,  according 
to  Clinton,  be  606  B.C.,  which  is  long  subsequent 
to  the  time  assigned  to  the  life  of  Hesiod.  If, 
therefore,  'Hp^Soros  be  received  instead  of  'Ho-ioSos 
in  the  passage  of  Aristotle,  this  would  be  another 
correction  by  Aristotle  of  a  statement  of  Herodo- 
tus respecting  a  point  of  natural  history. 

It  must,  however,  be  admitted  that  the  substitu- 
tion of  the  name  of  Herodotus  in  this  passage  is 
open  to  powerful  objections.  There  is  no  proof  that 
the  Assyrian  history  of  Herodotus  was  ever  pub- 
lished. The  traces  of  it  which  Mr.  Rawlinson 
attempts  to  find  cannot  be  relied  on ;  Col.  Mure 
thinks  that  it  was  never  composed  (Hist,  of  Lit.  of 
J4nc.Grr.vol.v.p.332.).  The  phrase  TreiroiVe  and  the 
introduction  of  the  words  rbv  TTJS  jucwreius  irpSeSpoj' 
seem  likewise  to  imply  a  quotation  from  some 
poet ;  and  the  mention  of  so  minute  a  circum- 
stance as  an  eagle  drinking  is  more  suited  to  a 
poet  than  to  a  historian.  Hence  it  appears  that 
the  context  requires  the  name  of  a  poet  who 
might  have  introduced  a  narrative  of  the  siege  of 
Ninus  by  Cyaxares.  Such  a  poet  may  be  found 
in  Choerilus  of  Samos,  whose  epic  poem  on  the 
Persian  war  of  Xerxes  (called  ntpo^ls),  consisting 
of  several  books,  may  not  unnaturally  be  sup- 
posed to  have  contained  an  episode  on  the  siege  of 
Ninus.  The  words  navTeias  Trp6eSpos  would  suit 
hexameter  verse.  Up6fSpos  and  irpoedpia  are  not 
ancient  forms  :  they  are  quoted  from  no  writer 
prior  to  Herodotus  and  Aristophanes.  We  know 
that  the  poems  of  Choerilus  were  in  great  repute 
in  the  time  of  Plato  (Procl.  in  Tim.  p.  28.)  ;  Ari- 
stotle twice  cites  Choerilus  in  his  Rhetoric  (iii,  14, 
§  4.  6.),  and  once,  with  censure,  in  the  Topics, 
(viii.  1.).  He  flourished  about  the  year  404 
(Plut.  Lys.  18.),  and  was  originally  placed  in  the 


58 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ix.  JAN.  28.  '60. 


epic  canon.  The  inscription  on  the  tomb  of  Sar- 
dunapalus,  in  which  he  is  called  the  king  of  the 
great  city  of  Ninus,  appears  from  Cic.  Tus.  v.  35., 
Fin.  ii.  32.,  to  be  the  production  of  the  Samian 
Choerilus.  (See  Anthol.  App.  27.  ed.  Jacobs; 
Naeke's  Choerilus,  pp.  196.  sqq.)  'HaioSos  for 
Xwto/Aos  was  probably  an  ancient  corruption,  and 
'HpoSoroy,  the  reading  of  one  MS.,  was  a  conjectu- 
ral emendation  of  some  copyist  who  perceived 
that  Hesiod  could  not  have  mentioned  the  siege 
of  Ninus.  It  may  be  observed  that  in  the  passage 
of  a  Scholiast  cited  by  Naeke  (ib.  p.  112.)  the 
name  of  Choerilus  has  been  corrupted  into  Hero- 
dotus. Concerning  the  importance  of  the  eagle  in 
divination,  alluded  to  by  the  author  cited  in  this 
passage,  whoever  he  may  have  been,  see  Iliad. 
xxiv.  310. ;  Xen.  And),  vi.  1.  23. ;  and  Spanheim's 
note  ad  Callim.  Jov.  69. 

It  has  been  already  remarked  that  Hesiod  could 
not  have  alluded  to  the  siege  of  Ninus  by  Cyaxa- 
res.  The  time  of  Cyaxares  is  fixed  within  certain 
limits,  and  to  a  date  long  posterior  to  that  of 
Hesiod,  by  his  being  contemporary  with  the  total 
eclipse  of  the  sun  which  separated  the  Lydian 
and  Median  armies  (Herod,  i.  74.),  which  by  no 
astronomer  is  placed  earlier  than  625  B.C.,  and 
which  has  been  fixed  by  Airy  at  585  B.C.  (See 
DP.  Smith's  Diet,  of  Anc.  Biog.,  art.  CYAXAHES  ; 
Herschel*s  Outlines  of  Astronomy,  ed.  5.  p.  683.) 
It  may  be  added  that  the  extant  remains  of  He- 
siod contain  no  mention  of  Ninus,  or  Babylon,  or 
the  Assyrians,  or  the  Medes,  or  the  Persians ;  or 
of  any  eponymous  god  or  hero  connected  with 
these  cities  and  nations.  Perses  and  Perseis  in 
the  Theogony  (v.  356.  377.  409.  957.),  and  Perses, 
the  name  of  the  poet's  brother  in  the  "Weeks  and 
Days,"  are  devoid  of  all  reference  to  Persia.  A 
fragment  of  Hesiod  is  indeed  preserved,  in  which 
he  speaks  of  Arabus,  the  mythical  progenitor  of 
the  Arabians,  as  the  son  of  Mercury  by  Thronie 
the  daughter  of  King  Belus  (Fragm.  29.  ed.  Marck- 
scheffel;  compare  Fragm.  32.).  The  early  my- 
thology of  the  Greeks,  however,  connected  Belus 
with  Africa  rather  than  with  Asia.  Thus  .3Sschy- 
lus,  in  his  play  of  the  Supplices,  describes  Belus, 
the  son  of  Libya,  as  the  father  of  .ZEgyptus  and 
Danaus  (v.  314-20.).  According  to  Apollod.  i. 
4,,  Agenor  and  Belus  were  the  sons  of  Neptune 
and  Libya  :  Agenor  became  king  of  Phoenicia, 
and  Belus  king  of  Egypt.  The  early  logographer, 
Pherecydes,  likewise  establishes  an  affinity  between 
Agenoi',  Belus,  ^Egyptus,  and  Danaus,  though  by 
different  links  {Fragm.  40.,  ed.  C.  Muller).  Hence 
it  may  be  inferred  that  when  Hesiod  connects 
Arabus  with  Belus,  he  conceives  Belus  as  the  re- 
presentative of  Egypt,  and  not  of  Assyria.  He- 
rodotus, however,  transfers  Belus  to  Asia :  he 
places  this  name  in  the  series  of  the  Heraclide 
kings  of  Lydia  (i.  7.) ;  he  mentions  also  the  Tem- 
ple of  Jupiter  Belus  at  Babylon,  and  states  that 


one  of  the  gates  of  this  city  was  called  the  Belian 
gate  (i.  181.,  iii.  158.).  Bel,  or  Baal,  was  the 
name  of  the  Jupiter,  or  principal  god,  both  of  the 
Assyrians  and  of  the  Phoenicians :  see  Winer, 
Bibl.  R.  W.  in  these  names.  Hence  Virgil  makes 
Belus  the  father  of  Dido,  and  the  first  of  the  Ty- 
rian  kings  (JBa.,  i.  622.  729.).  Alexander  of 
Ephesus,  a  writer  contemporary  with  Cicero,  spoke 
of  Belus  as  the  founder  of  towns  in  the  island  of 
Cyprus  (Steph.  Byz.  in  xdir^eos,  Meineke,  Anal. 
Alex.,  p.  375.).  The  idea  of  Ninus,  as  the  founder 
of  the  Assyrian  empire,  seems  to  have  come  to  the 
Greeks  from  Ctesias:  see  Diod.,  ii.  1. ;  Ctesiae 
Fragm.,  p.  389.,  ed.  Baehr ;  Strab.,  xvi.  1.  §  2. 
His  name  does  not  occur  in  the  early  poets  or 
mythographers  :  Herodotus  makes  him  a  mythical 
king  of  Lydia,  (i.  7.).  Phoenix  of  Colophon,  the 
choliambic  poet,  who  lived  about  309  B.C.,  treats 
him  as  the  primitive  king  of  Assyria,  and  con- 
founds the  inscription  on  his  tomb  with  that  of 
Sardanapalus  (Athen.  xii.  p.  530  B.  ;  Paus.,  i.  9.  8.; 
Naeke,  Choerilus,  p.  226.). 

It  should  be  observed  that  in  the  Latin  version 
of  Avicenna's  Arabic  translation  of  the  History  of 
Animals,  the  passage  is  thus  rendered :  "  Home- 
rus,  quern  Arabes  Antyopos  vocant,  dicens  in 
captura  Ilion  vulturem  potu  suo  et  morte  prae- 
signasse  urbis  excidium."  (See  Schneider,  ad  loc.J. 
It  is  clear  that  Homer  cannot  be  alluded  to  ;  but 
the  substitution  of  Ilion  for  Ninus  might  lead  to 
a  different  emendation.  The  change  of  THNNI- 
NOT  into  THNIAIOT,  would  not  be  considerable; 
and  we  might  assume  that  Stesichorus  is  the  poet 
intended,  who  may  have  introduced  this  incident 
in  his  *I\iov  irepffis.  But  the  proper  names,  both 
of  men  and  animals,  have  undergone  much  cor- 
ruption in  this  Arabic  version  (see  Jourdain,  Re- 
cherches  sur  VAge  et  T  Origins  des  Tradactions 
Latines  d'Aristote  (Paris,  1 843),  p.  336—342.  And 
I  may  add,  upon  the  authority  of  competent  Arabic 
scholars,  that  there  is  no  word  in  Arabic  which  at 
all  resembles  Antyopos.  No  reliance  can,  there- 
fore, be  placed  on  the  proper  names  in  this  Latino- 
Arabic  version,  and  the  substitution  of  Choerilus 
seems  to  be  the  most  probable  solution  of  the 
difficulty. 

In  estimating  the  authority  of  Aristotle's  state- 
ments in  his  History  of  Animals,  we  must  consider 
not  only  the  careful,  sceptical,  and  scientific  cha- 
racter of  his  mind,  but  also  the  means  of  obtaining 
accurate  information  which  were  at  his  disposi- 
tion. Pliny  states  that  Alexander  the  Great, 
being  animated  with  a  desire  of  knowing  the  na- 
tures of  animals,  employed  Aristotle  for'the  pur- 
pose, and  placed  at  his  command  several  thousand 
men,  in  Asia  and  Greece,  who  were  occupied  in 
hunting,  fowling,  and  fishing,  and  those  who  had 
charge  of  parks,  herds  of  animals,  hives,  fishponds, 
and  aviaries,  in  order  that  his  knowledge  might 
extend  to  all  countries.  It  was  (Pliny  adds)  by 


2"d  S.  IX.  JAN.  28.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


59 


information  obtained  in  this  manner,  that  he  com- 
posed his  voluminous  writings  on  natural  history 
(N.  H.,  viii.  17.).  The  account  of  the  Greek 
writers  is  somewhat  different.  Athengeus  (ix.  p. 
398  B.)  states  that  Aristotle  received  800  talents 
(=195,000/.)  from  Alexander  for  his  History  of 
Animals.  2Elian  (  V.  H.,  iv.  1 9.)  speaks  of  a  gift 
of  an  enormous  sum  of  money  to  Aristotle  for  the 
same  purpose,  but  attributes  it  to  Philip,  evi- 
dently confounding  the  father  and  son.  This 
donation  is  likewise  alluded  to,  in  general  terms, 
by  Seneca,  de  Vit.  beat,  27.  Compare  Schneider, 
ad  Aristot.  H.  A.  Epimetr.  i.,  vol.  i.  p.  xlii. 

It  is  immaterial  whether  Alexander  placed  the 
services  of  numerous  persons  over  a  wide  extent 
of  country  at  Aristotle's  disposition  for  scientific 
information  concerning  animals,  or  furnished  him 
with  the  means  of  purchasing  those  services  on  a 
large  scale.  The  two  accounts  come  substantially 
to  the  same  result ;  and  they  are  corroborated  by 
the  internal  evidence  of  the  extant  work  on  ani- 
mals. Aristotle  exhibits  a  minute  knowledge  of 
facts  in  natural  history  in  a  variety  of  districts, 
which  a  private  observer,  unaided  by  a  public 
authority,  could  not  have  obtained.  He  fre- 
quently refers  to  observations  of  the  habits  of 
animals  made  by  professional  persons,  and  parti- 
cularly by  fishermen,  which  he  doubtless  procured 
in  the  manner  indicated  by  fliny.  The  detailed 
account  of  the  lion  in  H.  A.,  ix.  44.,  particularly 
describes  his  habits  when  attacked  by  hunters, 
and  was  doubtless  derived  from  the  information 
of  persons  who  had  pursued  the  lion  in  the  field. 

It  is  very  improbable  that,  with  these  facilities 
for  making  inquiries  of  hunters  and  herdsmen,  he 
should  in  two  places  have  repeated  so  important  a 
statement  as  that  of  the  presence  of  the  lion  in 
the  whole  of  Northern  Greece,  from  Abdera  in 
Thrace  to  the  confines  of  ^Jtolia,  without  verifica- 
tion, and  upon  the  mere  credit  of  Herodotus, 
whom  he  elsewhere  designates  as  a  fabulist,  and 
whose  errors  in  natural  history  he  points  out  and 
rectifies  in  several  places.  G.  C.  LEWIS. 


SHAKESPEARE  AND  HENRY  WILLOBIE. 
I  do  not  find  in  any  of  the  commentators  on 
Shakespeare  which  I  have  here  had  an  opportunity 
of  consulting,  any  notice  of  a  passage  in  Henry 
Willobie's  Aviso  (edition  of  1594  or  1596),  which 
it  may  be  conjectured  refers  to  him.*  As  the  book 
is,  I  believe,  rare,  I  extract  the  passage  in  full, 
together  with  two  sonnets  connected  with  it,  and 

[ *  Mr.  J.  P.  Collier,  in  the  Life  of  Shakspeare  prefixed 
to  his  edition  of  1858,  refers  at  p.  115.  to  this  passage  in 
Willobie,  now,  however,  we  believe  printed  for  the  first 
time  in  extenso.  In  his  Introduction  to  the  Rape  of  Lu- 
crecey  vol.  vi.  p.  526.,  Mr.  Collier  also  quotes  the  allusion 
to  Shakspeare  from  the  Commendatory  Poem  at  the  com- 
mencement of  the  Avisa.— ED.  «  N.  &  Q/»] 


which,  if  W.  S.  may  be  taken  for  Shakespeare's 
initials,  may  not  improbably  be  his  writing. 

May  we  not  also  conjecture  that  "  Mr.  W.  H.," 
to  whom  the  first  edition  (1609)  of  Shakespeare's 
Sonnets  was  dedicated,  may  have  been  his  friend, 
this  Henry  Willobie?  whose  sonnets,  written 
some  years  probably  before  Shakespeare's,  must 
have  been  known  to  him,  and  may  have  begotten 
—  that  is,  suggested — a  similar  work  to  our  im- 
mortal bard. 

Cant.  XLIIII. 
"  Henrico  Willobego.  Italo-Hispalensis. 

"  H.  W.  being  sodenly  infected  with  the  contagion  of  a 
fantastica-11  fit,  at  the  first  sight  of  A,  pyneth  a  while  in 
secret  griefe,  at  length  not  able  any  longer  to  indure  the 
burning  heate  of  so  feruent  a  humour,  bewrayeth  the 
secresy  of  his  disease  vnto  his  familiar  frend  W.  S.,  who 
not  long  before  had  tryed  the  curtesy  of  the  like  passion, 
and  was  now  newly  recouered  of  the  like  infection ;  yet 
finding  his  frend  let  bloud  in  the  same  vaine,  he  took 
pleasure  for  a  tyme  to  see  him  bleed,  and  in  steed  of  stop- 
ping the  issue,  he  inlargeth  the  wound,  with  the  sharpe 
rasor  of  a  willing  conceit,  perswading  him  that  he 
thought  it  a  matter  very  easy  to  be  compassed,  and  no 
doubt  with  payne,  diligence  and  some  cost  in  time  to 
be  obtayned.  Thus  this  miserable  comforter  comforting 
his  frend  with  an  impossibilitie,  eyther  for  that  he  now 
would  secretly  laugh  at  his  frends  folly,  that  had  giuen 
occasion  not  long  before  vnto  others  to  laugh  at  his  owne, 
or  because  he  would  see  whether  an  other  could  play  his 
part  better  then  himselfe,  and  in  vewing  afar  off  the 
course  of  this  loving  Comedy,  he  determined  to  see  whe- 
ther it  would  sort  to  a  happier  end  for  this  new  actor, 
then  it  did  for  the  old  player.  But  at  length  this  Co- 
medy was  like  to  haue  growen  to  a  Tragedy,  by  the 
weake  and  feeble  estate  that  H.  W.  was  brought  vnto, 
by  a  desperate  vewe  of  an  impossibility  of  obtaining  his 
purpose,  til  Time  and  Necessity,  being  his  best  Phisitions 
brought  him  a  plaster,  if  not  to  heale,  yet  in  part  to  ease 
his  maladye.  In  all  which  discourse  is  liuely  represented 
the  vnrewly  rage  of  vnbrydeled  fancy,  hauing  the  raines 
to  roue  at  liberty,  with  the  dyuers  and  sundry  changes 
of  affections  and  temptations,  which  Will,  set  loose  from 
Reason,  can  deuise,  &c." 

Then  follows  a  Sonnet  in  eight  stanzas  (seven 
of  which  are  given  in  Ellis's  Specimens,  ii.  376.)  by 
H.  W.,  complaining  of  his  want  of  success  in  his 
suit,  commencing,  — 

"  What  sodaine  chance  or  change  is  this, 
That  doth  bereaue  my  quyet  rest  ?  " 

and  ending  with  the  following  stanza  :  — 

"  But  yonder  comes  my  faythfull  frend, 
That  like  assaultes  hatlToften  tryde, 
On  his  aduise  I  will  depend, 
[for  whether]  Where  I  shall  winne,  or  be  denyde, 
And  looke  what  counsell  he  shall  giue, 
That  will  I  do,  where  dye  or  live." 

Cant.  XLV. 
W.  S. 

"  Well  met,  frend  Harry,  what's  the  cause 
You  looke  so  pale  with  Lented  cheeks  ? 
Your  wanny  face  and  sharpened  nose 
Shew  plaine,  your  mind  something  mislikes, 
If  you  will  tell  me  what  it  is, 
lie  helpe  to  mend  what  is  amisse. 


60 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«A  S.  IX.  JAN. 


'60. 


«  What  is  she,  man,  that  workes  thy  woe, 
And  thus  thy  tickling  fancy  moue  ? 
Thy  drousie  eyes,  and  sighes  do  shoe, 
This  new  disease  proceedes  of  loue, 

Tell  what  she  is  that  witch't  thee  so, 

1  sweare  it  shall  no  farder  go. 

"  A  heauy  burden  wearieth  one, 
Which'being  parted  then  in  twaine, 
Seemes  very  light,  or  rather  none, 
And  boren  well  with  little  paine : 

The  smothered  flame,  too  closely  pent, 

Burner  more  extreame  for  want  of  vent. 
"  So  sorrowes  shrynde  in  secret  brest, 
Attainte  the  hart  with  hotter  rage, 
Then  griefes  that  are  to  frendes  exprest, 
Whose  comfort  may  some  part  asswage : 

If  I  a  frend,  whose  faith  is  tryde, 

Let  this  request  not  be  denyde. 

"  Excessiue  griefes  good  counsells  want, 
And  cloud  the  sence  from  sharpe  conceits ; 
No  reason  rules,  where  sorrowes  plant, 
And  folly  feedes,  where  fury  fretes, 

Tell  what  she  is,  and  you  shall  see, 

What  hope  and  help  shall  come  from  mee." 

Cant.  XLVI. 
H.  W. 

"  Seest  yonder  howse,  where  hanges  the  badge 
Of  Englands  Saint,  when  captaines  cry 
Victorious  land,  to  conquering  rage, 

Loe,  there  my  hopelesse  helpe  doth  ly : 
And  there  that  frendly  foe  doth  dwell, 
That  makes  my  hart  thus  rage  and  swell." 

Cant.  XLVII. 

W.  S. 

"  Well,  say  no  more :  I  know  thy  griefe, 
And  face  from  whence  these  flames  aryse, 
It  is  not  hard  to  fynd  reliefe, 
If  thou  wilt  follow  good  aduyse : 

She  is  no  Saynt,  She  is  no  Nonne, 
I  thinke  in  tyme  she  may  be  wonne. 

Ars        "  At  first  repulse  you  must  not  faint, 
veteratoria.       Nor  flye  the  field  though  she  deny 
You  twise  or  thrise,  yet  manly  bent, 
Againe  you  must,  and  still  reply : 

When  tyme  permits  you  not  to  talke 
Then  let  your  pen  and  fingers  walke. 

Munera      "  Apply  her  still  with  dyuers  thinges, 
(crede  mitii)      (For  giftes  the  wysest  will  deceaue) 
homfnesq;       Sometymes  with  gold,  sometymes  with  ringes, 
deosq;          No  tyme  nor  fit  occasion  leaue, 

Though  coy  at  first  she  seeme  and  wielde, 
These  toyes  in  tyme  will  make  her  yielde. 

"  Looke  what  she  likes ;  that  you  must  loue, 
And  what  she  hates,  you.  must  detest, 
Where  good  or  bad,  you  must  approue, 
The  wordes  and  workes  that  please  her  best : 

If  she  be  godly,  you  must  sweare, 

That  to  offend  you  stand  in  feare. 

Wicked      "You  must  commend  her  louing  face, 
C£TO  witiM      For  women  ioy  in  beauties  praise, 
women.         You  must  admire  her  sober  grace, 
Her  wisdome  and  her  vertuous  wayes, 
Say,  t'was  her  wit  and  modest  shoe, 
That  made  you  like  and  loue  her  so. 

«  You  must  be  secret,  constant,  free, 
Your  silent  sighes  and  trickling  teares, 


Let  her  in  secret  often  see, 

Then  wring  her  hand,  as  one  that  feares 

To  speake,  then  wish  she  were  your  wife, 

And  last  desire  her  saue  your  life. 

"  When  she  doth  laugh,  you  must  be  glad, 

And  watch  occasions,  tyme  and  place, 

When  she  doth  frowne,  you  must  be  sad, 

Let  sighes  and  sobbes  request  her  grace : 

Sweare  that  your  love  is  truly  ment, 

So  she  in  tyme  must  needes  "relent." 

In  a  commendatory  poem  "  In  praise  of  Willobie 
his  Avisa,"  at  the  commencement  of  the  volume, 
is  the  following  stanza,  which  is  interesting  as 
containing  perhaps  the  earliest  notice  of  Shake- 
speare's Rape  of  Lucrece,  if,  as  I  believe,  this  edi- 
tion of  Willobie  is  the  first,  1594  :  — 

"  Though  Collatine  haue  deerely  bought, 
To  high  renowne,  a  lasting  life, 
And  found,  that  most  in  vaine  have  sought, 
To  haue  a  Faire,  and  Constant  wife, 

Yet  Tarquyne  pluckt  his  glistering  grape, 
And  Shakespeare  paints  poore  Lucrece  rape." 

This  poem  has  at  the  end,  in  the  place  of  the 
author's  name, — 

"  Contraria  Contrariis : 

Vigilantius :  Dormitanus." 

Does  it  contain  the  name  of  the  writer  in  disguise  ? 
In  the  article  on  Willobie,  in  Wood's  Athena  (i. 
756.)  is  given  a  copy  of  his  LXIII.  Sonnet,  which 
shows  how  essential  it  is  in  transcribing  ancient 
poetry  to  copy  carefully  the  ancient  spelling :  and  if 
that  had  been  done  in  this  instance,  it  will  be  per- 
ceived that  the  note  of  the  editor  would  not  have 
been  needed.  The  first  lines  of  one  of  the  stanzas 
are,  as  given  by  Bliss  :  — 

"  And  shall  my  follie  prove  it  true 
That  hastie  pleasure  doubleth  paine? 
Shall  griefe  rebound,  where  ioy  *  grew  ?  " 

to  the  third  line  of  which  this  note  is  appended  :— 

*  "  This  line  wants  a  word,  perhaps  it  should  be  '  ioy 
(first  or  once)  grew.'  "  —  Haslewood. 

In  the  original,  "ioyn  is  spelt  "  ioye,"  and 
pronounced  as  a  dissyllable,  which  of  course  makes 
the  metre  all  right,  without  the  necessity  of  inter- 
polating another  word. 

W.  C.  TREVELYAN. 

Wallington,  Newcastle-on-Tyne. 


AMESBURY. 

Amesbury,  Ambrosebury,  Ambrosia,  or  Ambrii 
Caenobium  (see  Leland,  Coll.,  ed.  1770,  vol.  iii. 
pp.  29. 32.  34.).  Here,  says  Bishop  Tanner,  is  said 
to  have  been  an  ancient  British  monastery  for  300 
monkes,  founded,  as  some  say,  by  Ambrius,  an 
abbat ;  as  others,  by  the  famous  Prince  Ambrosius 
(who  was  therein  buried,  destroyed  by  that  cruel 
Pagan  Gurmundus,  who  overran  all  this  country 
in  the  sixth  century).  (Confer  Geoffrey  of  Mon- 
mouth,  lib.  iv.  c.  4.)  About  the  year  980,  Alfrida, 
or  Ethelfrida,  the  queen  dowager  of  King  Edgar, 


°<*  S.  IX.  JAN.  28.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


61 


erected  here  a  monastery  for  nuns,  and  com- 
mended it  to  the  patronage  of  St.  Mary  and  St. 
Melorius, — a  Cornish  saint  whose  relics  were 
preserved  here.  Alfrida  is  said  to  have  erected 
both  this  and  Wherwell  monastery  in  atonement 
for  the  murder  of  her  son-in-law,  King  Edward 
(Chron.  de  Mailross,  anno  DCCCCLXXIX.,  Robert 
of  Gloucester  and  Bromton).  The  house  was  of 
the  Benedictine  order,  and  continued  an  inde- 
pendent monastery  till  the  time  of  Henry  II.  in 
1177.  The  evil  lives  of  the  abbess  and  nuns  drew 
upon  them  the  royal  displeasure. 

The  abbess  was  more  particularly  charged  with 
immoral  conduct,  insomuch  that  it  was  thought 
proper  to  dissolve  the  community :  the  nuns, 
about  thirty  in  number,  were  dispersed  in  other 
monasteries.  The  abbess  was  allowed  to  go 
where  she  chose,  with  a  pension  of  ten  marks,  and 
the  house  was  made  a  cell  to  the  Abbey  of  Fon- 
tevrault  in  Anjou  ;  whence  a  prioress  and 
twenty-four  nuns  were  brought,  and  established 
at  Ainesbury.  (Chron.  Bromton,  anno  MCLXXVII.) 
Eleanor,  commonly  called  the  Damsel  of  Bretagne, 
sole  daughter  of  Geoffrey,  Earl  of  Bretagne,  and 
sister  of  Earl  Arthur,  who  was  imprisoned  in 
Bristol  Castle,  first  by  King  John,  and  after- 
wards by  King  Hen.  III.,  on  account  of  her  title 
to  the  crown,  was  buried  according  to  her  own 
request  at  Ainesbury  in  1241,  the  25  Hen.  III. 

From  this  time  the  nunnery  of  Amesbury  ap- 
pears to  have  been  one  of  the  select  retreats  for 
females  in  the  higher  ranks  of  life.  Mary,  the 
sixth  daughter  of  King  Edward  I.,  took  the  reli- 
gious habit  in  the  monastery  of  Amesbury  in  1285, 
together  with  thirteen  young  ladies  of  noble  fami- 
lies. {Annul.  Wigorn.)  Walsingham,  in  the  Ypo- 
digma  Neustria,  says  the  king  and  queen  were 
averse  to  this  step,  and  that  was  taken  ad  instan- 
tiam  regis.  (Walsing.,  Hist.-Angl.} 

Two  years  after  this  (A.D.  1287),  Eleanor,  the 
queen  of  Henry  III.  and  the  mother  of  Ed- 
ward I.,  herself  took  the  veil  at  Amesbury,  where 
she  died,  and  was  buried  in  1292  (Walsing. 
anno  1292).  She  had  previously  given  to  the 
monastery  the  estate  of  Chadelsworth,  in  Berks,  to 
support  the  state  of  Eleanor,  daughter  of  the 
Duke  of  Bretagne,  who  had  also  become  a  nun 
there.  Amesbury  finally  became  one  of  the  richest 
nunneries  in  England  :  how  long  it  remained  sub- 
ject to  the  monastery  of  Foiitevrault,  we  are  not 
told. 

Bishop  Tanner  says  it  was  at  length  made  deni- 
zen, and  became  again  an  abbey. 

Isabella  of  Lancaster,  fourth  daughter  of  Henry, 
Earl  of  Lancaster,  grand-daughter  to  E.  Crouch- 
back,  son  of  Henry  II.,  was  prioress  in  1292. 
There  is  no  register  extant.  Amesbury  is  seven 
miles  north  from  Salisbury.  EDWARD  HOGG  FEY. 


EPIGRAM  CORNER. -No.  II. 

"  Esse  nihil,  dicis,  quidquid  petis,  Iinprobe  Cinna: 
Si  nil,  Cinna,  petis,  nil  tibi,  Cinna,  nego." 

"  Twas  '  a  mere  nothing ! '  Cinna  said,  he  sought : 
Then  1,  when  I  refused,  denied  him  nought." 


"  Cum  rogo  te  nummos  sine  pignore  — '  non  habeo '  - 

inquis, 

Idem,  si  pro  me  spondet  agellus,  babes. 
Quid  mihi  non  credis  veteri,  Thelesine,  sodali, 

Credis  colliculis  arboribusque  meis. 
Ecce  reum  Carus  te  detulit  —  adsit  agellus. 
Exsilii  comitem  quaeris  ?  agellus  eat." 

"  «  Tom,  lend  me  fifty ! '    Tom's  without  a  shilling  — 
I'll  give  a  mortgage  —  Tom's  cash  then  is  found. 
To  trust  his  old  tried  friend,  Tom  isn't  willing, 
But  trusts  implicitly  his  woods  and  ground. 
Tom  mav  ere  long  need  counsel  from  a  friend, 
For  mortgage,  not  for  me,  let  Tom  then  send." 

"  Nubere  vis  Frisco  —  non  miror,  Paulla  —  sapisti. 
Ducere  te  rion  vult  Priscus  —  et  ille  sapit." 

"  To  marry  Peter,  Polly  wisely  tries. 
Peter  won't  have  her  — Peter  too  is  wise." 

"  Nil  mihi  das  vivus:  dicis,  post  fata  daturum. 

Si  non  es  stultus,  scis,  Maro,  quod  cupiam." 
"  You'll  not  advance  me  sixpence  'till  you  die, 

Then  you  may  know  for  what  event  I  sigh." 


'  Omnia  pauperibus  moriens  dedit  Harpalus — hseres 
Ut  se  non  fictas  exprimat  in  lachrymas." 
"  When  all  his  fortune  Harpax  gave  the  poor, 
His  relatives  were  real  mourners  sure." 

A.  B.  R. 


LIFE  OF  MRS.  SHERWOOD:  FICTITIOUS 
PEDIGREES  OF  MR.  SPENCE. 

At  the  present  time,  when,  in  consequence  of 
increased  facilities  for  consulting  original  docu- 
ments in  our  public  offices,  and  from  other  causes, 
genealogical  researches  have  become  so  much 
more  general  than  they  were  a  few  years  ago,  it 
behoves  inquirers  to  be  on  their  guard  against 
artful  and  fraudulent  persons,  who  may  attempt 
to  palm  off  fictitious  pedigrees  and  heraldry. 

In  1st  S.  ix.  220.  ME.  R.  W.  DIXON  first  drew 
attention  to  the  tricks  of  a  Mr.  Spence  ;  and  sub- 
sequent communications  from  LORD  MONSON  and 
others  (1st  S.  ix.  275.)  were  sufficient  to  put  the 
readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  on  their  guard  against  Mr. 
Spence's  manoeuvres.  But  doubtless  he  had  pre- 
viously made  a  good  thing  of  his  pedigrees  ;  and 
I  think  we  owe  it  to  the  cause  of  truth  to  expose 
their  worthlessness  in  every  instance  that  may 
come  under  our  notice. 

On  reading  the  letter  of  the  UEV.  G.  F.  DASH- 
WOOD  (2nd  S.  viii.  435.),  I  was  at  once  struck  with 
the  Spencean  style  of  the  Butts  pedigree;  and, 
on  looking  over  the  "  Table  of  Descent "  in  Mrs. 
Sherwood's  Life  (London,  1854,  p.  5.),  I  can  at 


62 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°*  S.  IX.  JAN.  28.  '60. 


once  trace  the  old  hand.  I  have  already  had  some 
correspondence  on  this  subject  with  ME.  DASH- 
WOOD,  and,  while  agreeing  with  me  in  suspecting 
the  earlier  portion  of  Mrs.  Sherwood's  Table  to 
have  been  compiled  from  Spencean  materials,  he 
feels  anxious,  as  everyone  who  ever  knew  Mrs. 
Sherwood,  either  personally  or  by  her  writings, 
must  do, — utterly  to  repudiate  the  notion  of  that 
excellent  woman  having  knowingly  sanctioned  a 
fraud. 

I  see,  in  the  Preface  to  her  Life,  that  the 
editor  thanks  her  relative,  the  Rev.  H.  Short,  and 
her  kind  friend  F.  G.  West,  Esq.,  barrister-at-law, 
for  their  very  able  assistance :  "  without  which," 
she  says,  "  I  could  not  have  presented  to  the  pub- 
lic the  records  of  relationship  with  the  family  of 
Bacon."  It  does  not  appear  whether  these  gen- 
tlemen had  anything  to  do  with  the  early  part  of 
the  pedigree. 

The  first  entry  is  that  of  a  Butts  who  married 
the  daughter  and  heir  of  Sir  Wm.  Fitzhugh,  of 
Congleton  and  Elton,  co.  Chester  ;  and  the  second 
Butts  (Sir  William)  is  slain  at  the  battle  of  Pole- 
tiers^  after  having  married  a  daughter  of  Sir  Ra- 
nulph  Cotgrave,  Lord  of  Har grave,  co.  Chester. 
Then  follow  three  Butts's,  all  of  Congleton.  Now, 
on  referring  to  the  letters  of  ME.  DIXON  and  LOED 
MONSON,  the  reader  will  find  that  in  each  instance 
of  pedigree  supplied  by  Mr.  Spence,  the  materials 
were  said  by  him  to  be  derived  from  documents  in 
the  possession  of  the  Cotgreave  family  ;  and  while 
ME.  DIXON  was  furnished  with  an  ancestor  who 
fell  at  the  battle  of  Wakefield,  LOED  MONSON  was 
offered  one  who  was  slain  at  the  battle  of  Poic- 
tiers.  ME.  DIXON'S  ancestor  Ralph  was  made  to 
quarter  the  ensigns  of  Fitzhugh,  and  other  noble 
houses,  "  in  right  of  his  mother  Maude,  daughter 
of  Sir  Ralph  Fitzhugh  de  Congleton  and  Elton, 
co.  Chester,"  —  the  authority  given  being  that  of 
a  very  ancient  pedigree  of  the  Cotgreaves  de  Har- 
grave.  Still  the  old  cards,  shuffled  over  again  ! 
It  happened,  unfortunately  for  Mr.  Spence,  that 
both  ME.  DIXON  and  LOED  MONSON  had  made 
genealogy  their  special  study;  but,  no  doubt, 
many  persons  unacquainted  with  genealogical  mat- 
ters have  been  made  victims  to  Mr.  Spence's 
fictions. 

Perhaps  the  gentlemen  mentioned  by  the  editor 
of  Mrs.  Sherwood's  Life  would  kindly  inform  the 
readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  whether  my  suspicions  are 
correct?  and  whether  they,  or  Mrs.  Sherwood 
herself,  compiled  the  earlier  portion  of  the  Butts 
pedigree  from  materials  furnished  by  Mr.  Spence  ? 

JAYDEE. 


flats*. 

HBNET  VI.  AND  EDWAED  IV.  —  Sir  Richard 
Baker  says  that  the  body  of  the  deceased  Henry 
was  treated  with  great  indignity.  u  He  was 


brought  from  the  Tower  to  Paul's  Church  in  an 
open  coffin,  bare-faced,  where  he  bled ;  from 
thence  in  a  boat  to  Chertsey  Abbey,  without 
Priest  or  clerk,  torch  or  taper,  saying  or  singing, 
and  there  buried."  This  cannot  be  reconciled 
with  the  following  account  taken  from  the  Pellis 
receptornm :  — 

l<  De  Custubus  et  expensis  circa  sepulturam  predict! 
Henrici. 

"  Die  Martis,  xxiy  die  Junii. 

"  Hugoni  Brice,  in  denariis  sibi  liberatis  per  rnanus 
proprias  pro  tot  denariis  per  ipsum  solutis  tarn  pro  clero, 
tela  lineS,,  speciebus,  et  aliis  ordinariis  expensis,  per  ipsum 
appositis  et  expenditis  (sic)  circa  sepulturam  dicti  Hen- 
rici de  Windesore,  qui  infra  Turrim  Londoniaj  diem  suum 
clausit  extremum ;  ac  pro  vadiis  et  regardis  diversorum 
hominum  portantium  tortos,  a  Turre  praedictS,  usque 
Ecclesiam  Cathedral  em  Sancti  Pauli  Londoniae,  et  abinde 
usque  Chertesey  cum  corpore  praesenti  per  Breve  pnc- 
dictum. — xW.  iii8.  vid.  ob. 

"  Magistro  Richardo  Martyn  in  denariis  sibi  liberatis 
ad  Vices;  videlicet,  una  vice  per  manus  proprias  ixZ.  xs. 
xid.  pro  tot  denariis  per  ipsum  solutis  pro  xxviii.  ulnis 
telae  lineae  de  Holandia,  et  expensis  factis  tarn  infra  Turrim 
praedictam  ad  ultimum  Vale  dicti  Henrici,  quam  apud 
Chertsey  in  die  Sepulturse  ejusdem :  ac  pro  regardo  dato 
diversis  soldariis  Calesii  vigilantibus  circa  corpus,  et  pro 
conductu  Bargearum  cum  Magistris  ac  Nautis  remi- 
gantibus  per  aquam  Thamisis  usque  Chertesey  prseclic- 
tam ;  et  alia  vice  viii/.  xii8.  iiid.  pro  tot  denariis  per 
ipsum  solutis  iv.  Ordinibus  Fratrum  infra  civitatem  Lon- 
donise, et  Fratribus  Sanctae  Crucis  in  eadem,  et  in  aliis 
operibus  charitativis ;  videlicet,  Fratribus  Carmelitis  xx8. 
Fratribus  Augustinis  xx'.  Fratribus  Minoribus  xx8. 
Fratribus  Prsedicatoribus, "  pro  obsequjis  et  Missis  Cele- 
brandis  xl8.  et  dictis  Fratribus  Sanctae  Crucis  x8.,  ac  pro 
Obsequiis  et  Missis  dicendis  apud  Chertesey  praadictam, 
in  die  sepulturae  dicti  Henrici,  Hi8.  iiid.  per  Breve  prae- 
dictum.  xviii1.  iii'.  iid." 

JOHN  WILLIAMS. 

Arno's  Court. 

MAEINEE'S  COMPASS.  —  The  title  of  the  fol- 
lowing work,  now  printed  for  the  first  time,  will 
speak  for  itself:  — 

"  La  Composizione  del  Mondo  di  Ristoro  D'  Arezzo 
Testo  Italiano  del  1282  pubblicato  da  Enrico  Narducci. 
Rome,  1859,  8vo." 

The  following  allusion  to  the  compass-needle  is 
curious,  and  must  be  placed  among  the  early 
ones : — 

"  E  trouiamo  tali .  erbe  e  tali .  fiori  chella .  uirtude  del 
cielo  si  muouono  e  uanno  riuolti  tutta  uia  uerso  la  faccia 
del  sole  .  e  tali .  no  .  e  anche  langola  che  ghuidi  li  mari- 
nari  che  per  la  uirtu  del  cielo  e  tratta  e  riuolta  alia  Stella 
la  quale  e  chiamata  tramontana  (p.  264.) 

The  word  angola  can,  I  suppose,  only  mean  the 
angled,  sharp-cornered,  needle  which  guides  the 
mariners,  &c.  The  manuscript  is  dated  as  finished 
in  1282,  Ridolfo  inperadore  aletto,  Martino  quarto 
papa  residents,  Amen.  It  is  now  published  to 
rescue  Ristoro  from  oblivion,  to  show  the  condition 
of  the  Italian  language  in  the  thirteenth  century, 
and  to  give  an  idea  of  the  astronomical  and  physi- 
cal knowledge  of  the  time  :  it  will  serve  all  these 
purposes  well.  A.  DE  MOEGAN. 


2"d  S.  IX.  JAK  28.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


63 


*•  WALK  TOUR  CHALKS."  —  This  is  a  vulgarism 
which  I  have  heard  addressed  to  one  whose  com- 
pany is  no  longer  desired,  and  who  is  expected  to 
depart  from  your  presence  eo  instanti.  Has  the 
expr-ession  originated  as  follows  ?  It  appears  from 
Mr.  Riley's  Liber  Albus,  lately  printed,  Introduc- 
tion, p.  "iviii.,  that  there  anciently  existed  in 
London  a  custom  for  the  marshal  and  serjeant- 
chamberlain  of  the  royal  households,  when  in 
want  of  lodgings  for  the  royal  retinue  and  de- 
pendents, to  send  a  billet  (bilebim)  and  seize  arbi- 
trarily the  best  houses  and  mansions  of  the  locality, 
turning  out  the  inhabitants,  and  marking  the 
house  so  selected  with  chalk.  From  this  probably 
arose  a  saying,  urbane,  "You  must  now  please 
to  walk  out,  for  your  house  is  chalked;"  breviter, 
"you  must  walk,  you're  chalked;"  brevissime, 
"  walk  your  chalks."  C.  J. 

MALSH. — A  Huntingdonshire  woman  called  the 
damp,  moist  weather  that  we  had  at  the  close  of 
last  year,  as  "  very  mulsh  weather."  She  farther 
explained  this  species  of  weather  to  be  "  very 
ungiving."  Is  this  word  "  rnalsh,"  —  used  in  a 
i'eii"  country,  and,  as  I  find,  not  peculiar  to  the 
women  from  whose  lips  I  first  heard  it  —  a  cor- 
ruption of  "  marish,"  a  fen  word  much  iised  by 
Tennyson  ?  e.  g. :  — 

"  The  cluster'd  marisli- mosses  crept." 
"  And  far  through  -the  marish  green  and  still." 
"  And  the  silvery  marish  flowers  that  throng." 

CUTHBERT  BEDE. 

THE  A-BECKET  FAMILY.  —  Apropos  of  Mr. 
Robertson's  recent  history  of  Thomas  a  Beeket, 
the  following  may  be  worth  noting.  A  certain 
Italian  Marquis  who  was  still  alive  six  months 
back,  told  me  about  eight  years  ago  that  his 
mother  had  been  the  last  descendant  off  the 
noble  Pisan  family  of  Minabekti,  and  that  the 
origin  of  this  family  was,  that  after  the  death  of 
S.  Thomas  of  Canterbury,  a  younger  brother  ran 
away  from  England  and  settled  at  Pisa  ;  that  he 
called  himself  Becket  minor,  which  in  due  course 
was  transformed  into  the  name  given  above.  I 
am  pretty  certain,  though  the  name  does  not 
figure  in  "  Murray,"  that  there  is  a  monument  to 
some  member  or  members  of  the  family  in  Sa. 
Maria  Novella.  W.  H. 

LORD  NELSON  AND  LADY  HAMILTON.  —  Anec- 
dotes of  this  really  great  man,  when  coupled  with 
'•  the  taint,  that,  like  another  Dalikh,  she  cast 
upon  the  brave  man  whom  she  ensnared  by  her 
wiles,"  cannot  be  of  the  same  value  as  those  bear- 
ing on  his  great  achievements  ;  but  the  following 
is  brought  to  memory  by  some  extracts  from 'The 
Diary  and  Correspondence  of  the  late  Right  Hon. 
George  Rose,  £-c.,  and  may  be  considered  farther 
objectionable  as  corroborating  that  infatuation 
which  is  the  only  stain  on  his  otherwise  unblem- 
ished reputation. 


»  After  the  battle  of  _  the  Nile,  a  largo  medal  by 
Kuchler,  commemorative  of  the  victory,  and  beau- 
tifully set  in  crystal,  was  presented  to  Lord 
Nelson  :  on  receiving  it,  he  immediately  presented 
it  to  Lady  Hamilton,  saying,  "this  is  yours  by 
undoubted  right."  It  is  well  known  he  nourished 
the  belief  that  it  was  through  her  influence  with 
the  Queen  of  Naples  he  was  enabled  to  encounter 
the  French  fleet. 

A  full  description  of  this  medal  is  unnecessary; 
but  it  is  of  gold,  with  an  attempt  to  represent  the 
setting  sun,  the  position  of  the  fleets,  with  a  me- 
dallion likeness  of  the  hero.  H.  D'AVENEY. 


RADICALS    IN    EUROPEAN   LANGUAGES. — What 

number  (nearly)  of  the  radical  words  of  any  of  the 
principal  languages  of  Europe  (especially  Greek, 
Latin,  and  Anglo-Saxon)  are  connected  in  origin 
with  Sanscrit  roots  ?  -and  -what  proportion  does 
the  number  of  radicals  so  connected  in  any  lan- 
guage bear  to  the  whole  number  of  radicals  in  that 
language  ?  J.  V.  F. 

Dublin. 

CHURCH  CHESTS.  —  I  should  be  much  obliged 
to  any  of  the  learned  correspondents  of  "  N.  & 
Q."  who  would  refer  me  to  any  treatise  on  church 
chests,  or  inform  me  where  I  could  find  any  ac- 
count of  these  interesting  and  often  beautifully 
decorated  remnants  of  bye-gone  times. 

JOHN  P.  BOILEAU. 

Ketteringham  Park,  Wymondham. 

RIFLE  PITS.  —  These  have  b&en  said  to  have 
been  first  brought  into  use  at  Sebastopol,  but  in 
the  account  of  the  siege  of  Ciudad  Rodrigo  (Penin- 
sular Campaigns,  vol.  ii.  p.  321.)  which  was  un- 
dertaken by  Regnier  in  June,  1810,  the  author 
describes  the  planting  of  a  battery  of  forty-six 
guns,  and  says  "  by  this,  and  by  riflemen  stationed 
in  pits,  the  fire  of  the  garrison  was  kept  down,  and 
the  sap  was  pushed  to  the  glacis."  So  that  rifle- 
pits  appear  to  have  been  in  use  half  a  century  ago. 
Is  there  any  earlier  notice  of  them  ?  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

CLASSICAL  CLAQUEURS  AT  THEATRES. — A  very 
high  authority,  speaking  of  Percennius,  who  was 
the  ringleader  of  the  formidable  revolt  of  the  Pan- 
nonian  Legions  in  the  time  of  Tiberius  (A.  D.  14), 
and  was  afterwards  put  to  death  by  order  of 
Drusus,  says  that  he  had  been  originally  em- 
ployed in  theatres  to  applaud  or  to  hiss ;  but 
referring  to  Tacitus  (Ann.  i.  16.  &c.),  I  find  he 
merely  calls  him  "  dux  olim  theatralium  opera- 
rum,"  which  I  suppose  would  answef  to  some- 
thing like  our  stage  manager.  Is  there  any  other 
authority  for  representing  this  Percennius  as, 


64 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


s.  IX.  JAN.  28.  '60. 


\vhat  the  French  call,  a  claqueur ;  or  of  showing 
that  such  persons  were  ever  employed  in  ancient 
theatres  :  and  can  your  readers  refer  me  to  any 
other  passage  where  such  an  office  as  "  dux  the- 
atralium  operarum  "  is  mentioned  ?  C.  C.  T. 

"  THINKS  I  TO  MYSELF."  —  It  seems  the  au- 
thorship of  this  clever  and  amusing  little  book 
was  much  controverted  at  the  time  of  its  ap- 
pearance. A  friend  of  mine,  the  lamented  L.  J. 
Lardner,  Esq.,  told  me  on  the  best  authority,  as 
he  had  it  from  the  author  himself,  that  it  was  the 
production  of  a  Mr.  Dennys.  The  work,  from  its 
humour,  merits  a  republication. 

J.  H.  VAN  LENNEP. 
Zeyst,  near  Utrecht,  June  4,  1860. 

HOOPER,  the  martyr-bishop,  had  a  brother 
named  Hugh,  who,  settling  in  Jersey,  became  the 
source  of  a  family  now  in  existence  there.  I  am 
greatly  in  want  of  genealogical  details  respecting 
him :  of  what  family  he  came ;  the  names  of  his 
father,  brothers,  sisters,  &c.,  and  what  his  ances- 
tral (not  episcopal)  arms  were.  Also,  the  resi- 
dences of  his  descendants,  if  any. 

J.  BEETEAND  PAYNE. 

BALLAD  AGAINST  INCLOSUEES. — I  shall  be  much 
obliged  to  any  one  who  can  furnish  me  with  the 
words  of  a  song  very  popular  among  the  Lincoln- 
shire peasantry  during  the  last  twenty  years  of 
the  eighteenth  century — the  period  of  the  great 
inclosures.  It  consisted  principally,  I  believe,  of 
a  bitter  invective  against  landlords  and  lords  of 
manors. 

The  following  words  are  all  that  I  ever  heard : 

"  But  now  the  Commons  are  ta'en  in, 

The  Cottages  pulled  down, 
And  Moggy's  got  na  wool  to  spin 
Her  Lindsey-woolsey  gown." 

EDWAED  PEACOCK. 

Bottesford  Manor,  Brigg. 

KOBEET  KEITH.  —  Who  was  Kobert  Keith,  the 
translator  of  a  small  edition  of  the  Imitation  of 
Jesus  Christ  in  four  books,  by  Thomas  a  Kempis, 
printed  at  Glasgow,  for  R.  and  A.  Foulis,  18 mo., 
1774?  X.  A.  X. 

BAPTISMAL  FONT  IN  BREDA  CATHEDEAL  : 
DUTCH-BOEN  CITIZENS  OF  ENGLAND.  —  In  the 
Biographical  Notice  of  Professor  L.  G.  Visscher 
(born,  March  1,  1799,  ob.  Jan.  26,  1859,)*  it  is 
said  that  Visscher,  by  way  of  a  joke,  used  to  call 
himself  a  citizen  of  London,  because  baptism  had 
been  administered  to  him  at  the  font  of  Breda 
cathedral,  to  which  King  William  III.  of  England 
had  attached  the  privilege  of  London  citizenship. 
The  Professor's  father,  Teunis  Kragt  Visscher,  on 

*  See  Handelingen  der  Jaarlijksche  Algemeene  Verga- 
dering  van  de  Maatfchappij  der  Nederlandsche  Letter- 
kunde  te  Leiden,  gehouden  den  16e»  Jvnij,  1859,  pp.  66,  67, 


Sept.  19,  1799,  was  killed  by  a  British  bullet  near 
Schoorldam,  as  he  was  in  the  act  of  lifting  up  his 
battalion's  colours,  of  which  the  stick  had  been 
shot  in  two,  and  flourished  them  over  his  head 
that  again  they  might  be  conspicuous  to  all.  The 
ball  threw  him  from  his  horse,  when  he  had  already 
passed  the  bridge  ;  and  the  scared  animal  would 
have  carried  the  flag,  which  had  entangled  itself 
into  the  reins,  towards  the  English,  if  Sergeant 
Westerheide  had  not  rescued  it  from  the  midst  of 
the  enemy's  fire. 

I  suppose  the  privilege,  on  which  Visscher 
jokingly  prided  himself,  will  have  been  settled 
upon  the  Breda  font,  because  of  the  English 
troopers  residing  in  this  stronghold  under  Wil- 
liam III. 

But  I  want  to  ask  a  question  :  —  Are  the  chil- 
dren of  parents,  one  of  whom  —  the  mother,  for  in- 
stance—  is  English,  when  born  under  un-English 
colours,  still  considered  as  citizens  of  your  country? 

How  long  does  descent  from  English  blood  give 
a  right  of  English  birth  ?  Does  it  extend  to 
grandchildren  ?  J.  H.  VAN  LENNEP. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht. 

"  ANTIQUITATES  BEITANNIC^B  ET  HIBEENIC.SJ." 
— In  the  year  1836,  the  Royal  Society  of  Northern 
Antiquaries  announced  their  intention  of  publish- 
ing by  subscription  Antiquitates  Britannicce  et 
Hibernica,  or  a  collection  of  accounts  elucidating 
the  early  history  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland, 
extracted  from  early  Icelandic  and  Scandinavian 
MSS.  Was  this  intention  completed  ?  and  if  so, 
where  is  the  work  to  be  purchased  or  consulted  ? 
I  always  thought  it  extreme  carelessness  that  the 
editors  of  the  Monumentum  Historicum  Britannicum 
should  have  overlooked  the  great  store  of  matter 
connected  with  the  early  history  of  this  island  con- 
tained in  the  early  writers  and  MSS.  of  Scandi- 
navia and  Iceland.  C.  W. 

NOAH'S  AEK.  —  What  foundation  is  there  for 
the  traditional  form  of  Noah's  ark  ?  With  the  flat 
bottom  and  gable  roof,  it  is  by  no  means  calcu- 
lated for  a  safe  voyage,  although  from  the  dimen- 
sions given  in  Holy  Writ  it  is  generally  considered 
to  have  been  the  perfection  of  naval  architecture. 

W.  (Bombay.) 

BEITISH  SOCIETY  OF  DILETTANTI.  —  I  am  de- 
sirous to  be  made  acquainted  with  the  history  of 
this  society,  existing  about  the  middle  of  the  last 
century,  and  which  encouraged  and  assisted  Mr. 
James  Stuart  and  Mrs  Nicholas  Revett  in  their 
arduous  labours,  the  result  of  which  was  that  in- 
valuable work  The  Antiquities  of  Athens.  I  am 
desirous  to  know  who  were  the  president  and 
principal  promoters  of  this  scientific  association; 
where  in  London  their  meetings  were  held  ;  if 
they  published  their  u  Transactions  ;"  and  if  the 
society  is  still  extant.  I  have  heard  it  intimated 
that  the  above  bad  merged  into  the  Society  of  Arts, 


IX.  JAN.  28.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


65 


which  was  established  in  1753,  and  was  located  in 
the  Adelphi,  and  which  was  presided  over  and 
patronised  at  various  intervals  by  Charles  Duke 
of  Norfolk,  the  Dukes  of  Northumberland,  Rich- 
mond, Portland,  &c.  If  the  Dilettanti  were  in- 
corporated with  the  latter  society,  pray  at  what 
period  did  such  union  take  place  ?  2.  2. 

ACROSTIC.  —  At  the  end  of  a  form  of  prayer  for 
the  17th  Nov.,  set  forth  by  authority,  temp.  Eliza- 
beth (but  undated),  are  some  psalms  and  anthems 
appointed  to  be  sung.  One  of  these,  entituled  "  a 
Song  of  rejoysing  for  the  prosperous  Reigne  of 
our  most  gratious  Soveraigne  Lady  Queene  Eliza- 
beth," and  "made  to  the  use  of  the  25th  Psalm," 
is  arranged  so  as  to  be  an  acrostic  of  God  save  the 
Queen :  — 

G     Geve  laude  unto  the  Lorde, 
And  prayse  his  holy  name 
O      0  Let  us  all  with  one  accorde 

Now  magnifie  the  same 
D     Due  thanks  unto  him  yeeld 
Who  evermore  hath  beene 
S      So  strong  defence  buckler  and  shielde 
To  our  most  Royall  Queene. 

A     And  as  for  her  this  daie 

Each  where  about  us  rounde 
V     Up  to  the  side  right  solemnelie 

The  bells  doe  make  a  sounde 
E     Even  so  let  us  rejoyce 

Before  the  Lord  our  King 
T      To  him  let  us  now  frame  our  voyce 

With  chearefull  hearts  to  sing. 

H     Her  Majesties  intent 

By  thy  good  grace  and  will 
E     Ever  O  Lorde  hath  bene  most  bent 

Thy  lawe  for  to  fulfill 
Q     Quite  thou  that  loving  minde 

With  love  to  her  agayne 
V     Unto  her  as  thou  hast  beene  kinde 

O  Lord  so  still  remaine. 

E     Extende  thy  mightie  hand 

Against  her  mortall  foes 
E     Expresse  and  shewe  that  thou  wilt  stand 

With  her  against  all  those 
N     Nigh  unto  her  abide 

Upholde  her  scepter  strong 
E     Eke  graunt  with  us  a  joyjull  guide 

She  may  continue  long.  I.  C. 

Amen. 

This  curious  acrostic  takes  every  alternate  line 
of  the  psalm.  I  want  to  know  who  is  the  proba- 
ble author,  whose  initials,  I.  C.,  are  at  the  foot, 
or  do  they  stand  for  the  words  in  Christo  ? 

ABRACADABRA. 

HENRY  VII.  AT  LINCOLN  IN  1486.  —  This 
politic  sovereign  is  recorded  to  have  thought  it 
prudent  to  visit  the  northern  parts  of  the  king- 
dom in  the  first  spring  of  his  reign,  and  to  have 
"  kept  his  Easter  at  Lincoln."  Is  it  known  by 
what  route  he  made  his  progress  from  London, 
and  by  whom  he  was  attended  ? 

WILLIAM  KELLY. 
Leicester. 


REV.  JOHN  GENEST.  —  On  Dec.  14, 1859,  Put- 
tick  and  Simpson  sold  among  the  collections  of 
Mr.  Bell  of  Walisend,  an  autograph  latter  (signed) 
of  the  Rev.  John  Genest,  8  pages  folio,  and  con- 
taining dramatic  memoranda  for  1712.  It  was 
dated  8,  Bennett  Street,  Bath,  Nov.  20th,  and 
was  written  in  a  large  bold  hand.  I  conclude  he 
is  the  author  of  Some  Account  of  the  English 
Stage,  10  vols.  8vo.  1832.  What  is  known  of 
him,  and  when  did  he  die  ?  CL.  HOPPER. 

HOTSPUR. — What  is  the  earliest  record  of  the 
sobriquet  "Hotspur  "  applied  to  the  famous  Henry 
Lord  Percy  of  Alnwick?  G.  W.  ERNST. 

Liverpool. 

HENRY  CONSTANTINE  JENNINGS.  —  This  gen- 
tleman was  born  at  Shiplake,  Oxfordshire,  in 

1731  ;  married  before ;  he  buries  his  wife 

Julianna  in  1761  ;  he  married,  2ndly,  a  daughter 
of  Roger  Newell  of  Bobins  Place  in  Kent ;  in 
1815  he  is  living  in  Lindsey  Row,  Chelsea,  and  in 
or  about  the  same  time  he  preferred  a  claim  to  an 
abeyant  peerage ;  but  it  is  not  known  with  what 
success ;  he  is  supposed  to  have  died  in  the  King's 
Bench  Prison  about  1818 ;  his  inveterate  love  for 
the  fine  arts  was  no  doubt  the  cause  of  it.  If  any 
kind  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q."  would  furnish 
the  pedigree  of  his  family  from  about  1650  to  his 
death  it  would  be  thankfully  acknowledged  by  a 
relative.  DAVID  JENNINGS. 

Charles  Street,  Hampstead  Road. 

*  PYE- WYPE. —  Afield  in  the  parish  of  Middle 
Rasen  is  known  by  the  name  of  Pye-  Wype  Close. 
There  are  said  to  be  other  places  in  the  county  of 
Lincoln  bearing  the  same  name.  What  is  the 
meaning  of  Pye- Wype  ?  J.  SANSOM. 


"  PUT  INTO  SHIP-SHAPE."  —  Can  any  of  the 
readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  inform  me  of  the  origin  of 
this  phrase  ?  MERRICK  CHRYOSTOM,  M.A. 

[The  familiar  phrase  "  Put  into  ship-shape,"  which,  as 
commonly  used,  signifies  "  arranged,  put  into  order, 
made  serviceable  "  (as  when  a  vessel  in  ordinary  is  rig- 
ged and  prepared  for  sea),  appears  to  have  originated, 
verbally  at  least,  from  an  expression  which,  unless  some 
of  our  older  lexicographers  have  fallen  into  error,  bore  a 
by  no  means  kindred  meaning.  According  to  Ash  (1775) 
and  Bailey  (1736)  ship-shapen  signified  unsightly,  with  a 
particular  reference  to  a  ship  that  was  "  built  strait  up," 
or  wall-sided.  Webster  and  Ogilvie,  on  the  contrary, 
give  "  ship-shape  "  in  the  sense  which  it  now  bears  in 
common  parlance.  "  Ship-  shape,  in  a  seamanlike  man- 
ner, and  after  the  fashion  of  a  ship ;  as,  this  mast  is  not 
rigged  ship-shape;  trim  your  Bails  ship-shape." 

We  shall  feel  much  obliged  to  any  of  our  readers  who 
will  favour  us  with  an  example  of  ship-shapen  in  the 
older  signification  of  wall-sided  or  unsightly.  "Wall- 
sided  "  was  formerly  wale-reared.  Cf.  A.-S.  weall,  a 
wall.] 


66 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«a  s.  IX.  JAN.  28.  '60. 


ANNA  CORNELIA  MEERMAN. — I  have  a  copy  of 
Sermons  and  Discourses,  by  my  late  kinsman,  Dr. 
George  Skene  Keith,  minister  of  Keith  Hall  and 
Kinkell,  Aberdeenshire ;  London,  J.  Evans,  1785, 
on  the  title-page  of  which  is  this  autograph  in- 
scription by  the. Doctor's  cousin  and  patron  :  "  To 
Anna  Cornelia  Meerman,  by  Anthony  Earl  of 
Kintore,  Sept.  11,  1785."  Can  any  of  your  readers 
tell  me  who  Anna  Cornelia  Meerman  was  ?  I  have 
a  confused  notion  that  I  remember  her  name  in 
connexion  with  literature.  KIR'KTOWN  SKENE. 

Aberdeen. 

[This  lady  seems  to  be  Anna  Cornelia  Mollerus,  who 
was  first  married  to  Mr.  Abraham  Perrenot,  Doctor  of 
Laws,  celebrated  for  his  writings  on  philosophical  subjects 
and  on  jurisprudence,  and  for  some  Latin  Poems.  His 
widow  married  the  Hon.  John  Meerman,  first  counsellor 
and  pensionary  of  the  city  of  Rotterdam,  and  author  of 
Thesaurus  Juris  Civilis  et  Canonici,  and  numerous  other 
works.  Mrs.  Meerman  accompanied  her  husband  in  has 
various  travels,  and  was  his  constant  and  happy  com- 
panion till  his  death  in  1815.  The  Meerman  Library  Avas 
sold  by  auction  in  1824,  and  produced  131,000  florins.] 

REV.  J.  PLUMPTRE'S  DRAMAS. —  The  Rev.  J. 

Plumptre,  vicar  of  Great  Gransden,  published  in 
1818,  a  volume  of  Original  Dramas.  Could  you 
oblige  me  by  giving  the  dramatis  persona,  &c. 
of  three  of  these  little  dramas,  having  the  follow- 
ing titles  :  Winter,  The  Force  of  Conscience,  The 
Salutary  Reproof.  ZETA. 

[1.  Winter;  a  Drama  in  Two  Acts.  Characters:  Mr. 
Paterson,  pastor  of  the  village;  Richard  Wortham,  a 
farmer;  his  sons  John,  William,  and  Robert;  Henry 
Bright,  in  love  with  Betsy;  John  Awfield,  a  farmer; 
Thomas,  his  son ;  Kindman,  a  publican  ;  Wm.  Richards, 
parish  clerk;  John  Bradford,  a  shepherd;  a  waggoner 
and  a  boy.  Mary  Wortham,  wife  to  Wortham ;  Betsy 
and  Susan,  their  daughters ;  and  Mrs.  Kindman.  Scene  : 
The  country.  Time  :  A  night  and  part  of  the  next  morn- 
ing in  the  depth  of  winter. 

2.  The  Force  of  Conscience,  a  Tragedy  in  Three  Acts. 
Characters :  Mr.   Jones,   a  clergyman ;    Wm.   Morris,  a 
blacksmith ;  Edw.  Selby,  his  son-in-law ;  Robert  Ellis ; 
Geo.  Martin ;  Richard  and  James,  journeymen  to  Mor- 
ris ;  constable  of  the  village  and  of  the  town ;  gaoler ;  and 
three  spectators.     Esther,  daughter  to   Morris;    Dame 
Brown,  his  housekeeper;  Lucy,  sister  of  Ellis.     Scene:  a 
country  village,  and  a  neighbouring  county  town. 

3.  The   Salutanj  Reproof,  or  the  Butcher,  a  Drama  in 
Two  Acts.     Characters  :  Lord  Orwell ;  Sir  Wm.  Rightly ; 
Mr.   Shepherd,   a    clergyman;    Thomas    Goodman,   the 
butcher ;  Crusty,  a  baker ;  Muggins,  a  publican ;  George, 
son  to  Goodman ;  servant  to  Lord  Orwell ;  Mower.    Mrs. 
Goodman,  wife  to  Goodman ;  Ruth,  their  daughter ;  Mrs. 
Manage,  housekeeper  to  Lord  Orwell;  Mrs.  Crust3r,  wife 
to   Crusty;    Susan,  servant    to    Crusty;    Mowers,  &c. 
Scene:   a  country  village  about   fifty  miles  from  Lon- 
don.] 

REV.  W.  GILPIN  ON  THE  STAGE.  —  The  Rev. 
J.  Plumptre,  in  1809,  published  Four  Discourses 
on  the  Amusements  of  the  /Stage.  This  work  at- 
tracted a  good  deal  of  notice  at  the  time.  Among 
other  authors  quoted  by  Mr.  Plumptre  in  support 
of  his  views  regarding  the  reformation  of  the 
stage,  I  find  the  name  of  the  Rev.  W.  Gilpin, 


vicar  of  Boldre.  As  I  am  unable  to  refer  to  Mr. 
Plumptre's  volume,  could  you  oblige  me  by  giving 
the  passage  in  the  works  of  this  excellent  clergy- 
man, as  quoted  by  Mr.  Plumptre.  ZETA. 

[The  following  extract  occurs  at  p.  112.  of  Plump- 
tre's Discourses  on  the  Stage :  "  Gilpin,  in  his  Dialogues 
on  the  Amusements  of  Clergymen,  p.  116.,  in  the  person  of 
Dr.  Stillingfleet,  afterwards  Bishop  of  Worcester,  says  of 
the  playhouse,  '  What  a  noble  institution  have  we  here, 
if  it  were  properly  regulated.  I  know  of  nothing  that  is 
better  calculated  for  moral  instruction  —  nothing  that 
holds  the  glass  more  forcibly  to  the  follies  and  vices  of 
mankind.  I  would  have  it  go  hand  in  hand  with  the 
pulpit.  It  has  nothing  indeed  to  do  with  Scripture  and 
Christian  doctrines.  The  pageants,  as  I  think  they  were 
called,  of  the  last  century,  used  to  represent  Scripture 
stories,  which  were  very  improperly  introduced,  and 
much  better  handled  in  the  pulpit:  But  it  is  impossible 
for  the  pulpit  to  represent  vice  and  folly  in  so  strong  a 
light  as  the  stage.  One  addresses  .our  reason,  the  other 
our  imagination  ;  and  we  know  which  receives  commonly 
the  more  forcible  impression.'"  Again, tat  p.  187.,  Mr. 
Plumptre  gives  the  following  quotation :  "  Mr.  Gilpin 
(p.  124.)  wishes  to  have  different  theatres  for  the  different 
ranks  of  life :  '  In  my  Eutopia  (says  Gilpin)  I  mean  to 
establish  two  —  one  for  the  higher,  the  other  for  the 
lower  orders  of  the  community.  In  the  first,  of  course, 
there  will  be  more  elegance  and  more  expense ;  and  the 
drama  must  be  suited  to  the  audience,  by  the  representa- 
tion of  such  vices  and  follies  as  are  found  chiefly  among 
the  great.  The  other  theatre  shall  be  equally  suitable  to 
the  lower  orders.' "] 

QUOTATION.  —  Would  you  inform  me  who  is 
the  author  of  a  poem  entitled  "  The  Fisherman," 
and  in  which  the  following  couplet  occurs  ? 

"  There  was  turning  of  keys,  and  creaking  of  locks, 
As  he  took  forth  a  bait  from  -his  iron  box." 

CONSTANT  READER. 

[These  lines  are  from  "  The  Red  Fisherman,"  by  Win- 
throp  Mackworth  Praed.  See  his  Poetical  Works,  New 
York,  1844,  p.  71.] 

"  THE  VOYAGES,  ETC.  or  CAPTAIN  RICHARD 
FALCONER." — In  vain  I  have  tried  to  get  a  copy 
of  The  Voyages^  Dangerous  Adventures  and  Im- 
minent Escapes  of  Captain  Richard  Falconer. 
According  to  the  Literary  Gazette  for  1838,  p. 
278.,  a.Jifth  12mo.  edition  of  the  work  was  re- 
printed in  that  year  from  that  of  1734,  and 
published  in  London  by  Churton.  Are  these 
Voyages  a  fiction,  or  not  ?  J.  H.  VAN  LEKNEP. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht,  Jan.  4,  1860. 

[This  was  a  favourite  work  of  Sir  Walter  Scott,  but 
the  authorship  of  it  was  unknown  to  him.  In  a  letter  to 
Daniel  Terry,  Esq.,  dated  20th  Oct.  1813,  he  says:  "I 
have  no  hobby -horsical  commissions  at  present,  unless  if 
you  meet  with  the  Voyages  of  Capt.  Richard,  or  Robert 
Falconer,  in  one  volume,  *  cow-heel,  quoth  Sancho,'  I  mark 
them  for  my  own."  On  the  10th  Kov.  1814,  Sir  Walter 
again  writes  to  his  Dear  Terry,  to  thank  him  for  Capt. 
Richard  Falconer:  "To  your  kindness  I  owe  the  two 
books  in  the  world  I  most  longed  to  see,  not  so  much  for 
their  intrinsic  merits,  as  because  they  bring  back  with 
vivid  associations  the  sentiments  of  my  childhood  —  I 
might  almost  say  infancy."  On  a  fly-leaf  of  Scott's  copy, 
in  his  own  handwriting,  is  the  following  note:  "This 


2nd  s.  IX.  JAN.  28.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


67 


book  I  read  in  early  youth.  I  am  ignorant  whether  it  is 
altogether  fictitious,  and  written  upon  De  Jb  s  plan, 
which  it  greatly  resembles,  or  whether  it  is  only  an  ex- 
aggerated account  cf  the  adventures  of  a  real  person.  It 
is  very  scarce,  for,  endeavouring  to  add  it  to  the  other 
favourites  of  my  infancy,  I  think  I  looked  for  it  ten  years 
to  no  purpose,  and  at  last  owed  it  to  the  active  kindness 
of  Mr.  Terry.  Yet  Richard  Falconer's  Adventures  seem 
to  have  passed  through  several  editions."  (Lockhart's 
Life  of  Scott,  ed.  1845,  pp.  248.  305.)  The  work,  how- 
ever, is  fictitious,  and  the  production  of  William  Kufus 
Chetwood,  who  first  kept  a  bookseller's  shop  in  Covent 
Garden,  and  became  afterwards  prompter  to  Drury  Lane 
Theatre.] 

MS.  LITERARY  MISCELLANIES. —  Can  you  give 
me  any  account  of  the  following  authors,  whose 
works  are  in  the  Harleian  MSS.  ?  1.  Geo.  Bankes, 
author  of  "  Literary  Miscellanies,"  4050.  2.  An- 
tony Parker,  author  of  "  Literary  Miscellanies." 
3.  Stephen  Millington,  author  of  "  Literary  Mis- 
cellanies." Could  you  also  oblige  me  with  any  in- 
formation regarding  the  dates,  and  the  contents  of 
these  volumes  ?  ZETA. 

[Harl.  MS.  4050.  is  a  small  quarto  paper  book  of  273 
pages,  besides  some  loose  papers  inserted  in  different 
parts.  It  is  the  Common-place  book  on  theological  sub- 
jects of  George  Bankes,  who  appears  to  have  been  presi- 
dent of  some  college  from  the  verses  addressed  to  him.  at 
fol.  136.,  and  signed  Potter.  Cent.  xvii. 

Harl.  MS.  4048.  is  a  paper  book,  4to.  of  160  pages, 
written  in  English  and  Latin,  and  is  the  Common-place 
book  of  Antony  Parker.  It  is  chiefly  on  subjects  of  divi- 
nity, abstracts  of  sermons  preached  by  various  persons. 
Cent.  xvii. 

Harl.  MS.  5748.  is  a  paper  4to.  book,  consisting  of 
1.  Godwyn's  Roman  Antiquities,  translated,  as  it  seems, 
from  the  first  edition,  by  Stephen  Millington,  1641.  2. 
Phrases  collected  out  of  the  same  book  by  the  same 
person.  3.  Six  Latin  Declamations,  each  signed  Stepu. 
Millington.] 

ST.  CYPRIAN.  —  Can  you  inform  me  whether 
there  is  authority  for  supposing  that  St.  Cyprian, 
Bishop  of  Carthage  and  martyr,  was  a  negro  ? 

R.  T.  L. 

[The  great  St.  Cyprian  was  born  in  Africa,  and  pro- 
bably at  Carthage,  though  on  this  latter  point  there  is 
some  difference  of  opinion.  He  appears  to  have  inherited 
considerable  wealth  from  his  parents,  and  we  find  no 
traces  of  any  supposition  that  he  was  by  birth  a  negro, 
an  idea  which  may  have  arisen  from  his  being  termed  by 
St.  Jerome  "  Cyprianus  Afer."] 

BESET  BORUGHE.  —  Can  you  give  me  any  in- 
formation regarding  Benet  Borughe,  author  of 
a  poetical  translation  of  Cicero's  Cato  Major 
and  Minor,  Harleian  MS.  116.  What  is  the  date 
of  the  work  ?  ZETA. 

[The  Harl.  MS.  116.  is  a  parchment  book,  written  by 
different  hands,  in  a  small  folio.  The  third  article  is 
"  Liber  Minoris  Catonis  (fol.  98.)  et  Majoris  "  (fol.  99.), 
translatus  a  Latino  in  Anglicum  per  Mag.  Benet  Borughe. 
There  is  no  date,  but  the  MS.  seems  to  be  of  the  latter 
part  of  the  fifteenth  century.] 

TOPOGRAPHICAL  EXCURSION.  —  Has  that  por- 
tion of  the  Lansdown  MS.  volume,  No.  213.,  being 


the  tour  of  three  Norwich  gentlemen  through 
various  counties  in  1634  and  1635,  ever  been 
printed  in  extenso  ?  C.  E.  Iy. 

[The  greater  portion  of  this  Itinerary  will  be  found  in 
Brayley's  Graphic  Illustrator,  4to.  1834.  The  contribu- 
tor states  that  "  no  alteration  has  been  made  in  the  lan- 
guage, but  the  immaterial  parts  have  been  omitted,  and 
a  few  words  of  connexion  occasionally  introduced."  The 
long  poem  appended  to  the  Itinerary  is  also  omitted.  An 
extract  relating  to  Robin  Hood's  Well  is  printed  in  our 
2"dS.  Yi.  261.] 


llepltr*. 

ARCHIEPISCOPAL  MITRE. 
(2nd  S.  viii.  248.) 

It  is  perhaps  singular  that  no  precise  answer  can 
be  given  to*  your  correspondent's  Query,  "  How 
it  is  that  archbishops  bear  their  mitre  from  within 
a  ducal  coronet  ?  " 

The  variation  in  the  mode  of  bearing  the  mitre 
observed  between  the  metropolitans  and  the  suf- 
fragans, is  of  modern  date.  The  illustrations 
afforded  by  the  paintings  on  glass  which  decorate 
our  ancient  cathedrals,  and  the  representations 
upon  the  effigies  and  other  portions  of  monumental 
remains  in  those  sacred  edifices,  placed  in  memory 
of  numerous  ecclesiastical  dignitaries,  do  not  afford 
any  authority  for  a  distinction  between  the  mitres 
of  Archbishops  and  Bishops  (with  the  exception 
of  the  Bishops  of  the  See  of  Durham},  down  to 
the  period  of  the  Revolution. 

The  Records  of  the  College  of  Arms  do  not 
supply  a  single  authority  for  the  mitres  of  the 
Archbishops  issuing  from  or  placed  within  a  Ducal 
Coronet.  An  examination  of  the  various  instances 
where  mitres  are  depicted,  will  corroborate  this 
fact,  and  particularly  those  Records  termed  Funeral 
Certificates,  which  contain  many  entries  in  refer- 
ence to  deceased  Prelates,  and  to  which  the  armo- 
rial ensigns  of  their  respective  Sees,  as  well  as,  in 
numerous  cases,  those  of  their  paternal  bearings 
are  attached. 

The  last  entry  of  a  certificate  taken  upon  the 
death  and  burial  of  an  Archbishop,  is  that  of  Gil- 
bert Sheldon,  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  who  died 
9th  November,  1677  :  it  is  certified  and  attested 
by  Sir  William  Dugdale,  then  Garter,  and  there 
depicted  are  the  arms  of  the  See  of  Canterbury 
surmounted  by  the  episcopal  mitre,  without  any 
coronet. 

It  is  hardly  credible  that  at  this  period  any 
authority  for  the  coronet  existed,  or  so  experi- 
enced an  officer  as  Sir  William  Dugdale  would 
not  only  have  known  it,  but  have  seen  that  the 
record  of  his  official  act  had  been  correctly  made. 

The  variation,  therefore,  in  practice  between 
the  metropolitan  and  suffragans  must  be  traced 
to  a  period  subsequent  to  the  death  of  Sheldon, 
and  is  not  probably  of  earlier  date  than  the  com- 
mencement of  the  19th  century. 


frOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2n<*  S.  IX.  tax.  28.  '60. 


In  a  dissertation  entitled  An  Assemblage  of 
Coins  fabricated  by  Authority  of  the  Archbishops 
of  Canterbury ',  published  in  1772  by  Samuel 
Pegge,  M.A.  (p.  7.)»  that  writer,  when  speaking 
of  the  mitre,  remarks,  "  there  is  also  some  differ- 
ence now  made  in  the  bearing  of  the  mitre  by  me- 
tropolitans and  the  suffragans :  the  former  placing 
it  on  their  coat  armour  on  a  Ducal  Coronet,  a 
practice  lately  introduced,  and  the  latter  having  it 
close  to  the  escocheon."* 

In  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  the  month  of 
May,  1778  (vol.  xlviii.  p.  209.),  is  a  communica- 
tion (signed  Rowland  Rouse)  in  answer  to  a 
query  similar  to  the  present,  put  to  the  editor  of 
that  publication  in  July,  1775,  which  had  not  be- 
fore received  any  reply.  That  communication 
contains  some  remarks  upon  the  subject  of  mitres, 
illustrated  by  six  wood  engravings,  exhibiting 
their  various  shapes  and  forms,  and  giving  the 
authorities  from  which  they  were  taken. 

The  illustrations  are, 

No.  I.  The  mitre  of  Simon  Langham,  Arch- 
bishop of  Canterbury,  from  his  tomb,  anno  1376. 

No.  II.  That  of  Archbishop  Cranmer  (who 
died  1558),  in  Thoroton's  Antiquities  of  Notting- 
hamshire, fol.,  printed  in  1677. 

No.  III.  That  of  Archbishop  Juxon,  who  died 
in  1663,  from  a  window  in  Gray's  Inn  Hallf  with 
the  date  1663  under  it.  In  another  compart- 
ment of  the  same  window,  the  writer  adds,  were 
the  arms  of  John  Williams  Bishop  of  Lincoln,  and 
Lord  Keeper  of  the  Great  Seal  to  King  James  J 
with  a  mitre  of  the  very  same  character,  and  orna- 
mented in  the  same  form  and  fashion  as  those 
of  the  two  last- mentioned  Archbishops,  viz.  Cran- 
mer and  Juxon,  none  of  them  having  the  coro- 
net. 

No.  IV.  The  mitre  of  Archbishop  Gilbert 
Sheldon,  which  Mr.  Rouse  esteems  a  great  curio- 
sity as  being  the  first  instance  he  had  met  with  of 
a  specific  difference  between  the  mitre  of  an  Arch- 
bishop and  that  of  a  Bishop :  it  was  placed  over 
the  arms  of  Dr.  Gilbert  Sheldon,  Archbishop  of 
Canterbury,  by  that  very  able  and  judicious 
Herald  Francis  Sandford,  Lancaster  Herald,  in  his 
dedication  to  him,  the  Archbishop,  of  his  fine  print 
of  the  chapel  and  monument  of  King  Henry  VII., 
etched  by  Holler  in  1655.§  He  observes  that 
this  mitre  rises  from  a  coronet  composed  of  the 
circulus  aureus  heightened  up  with  pyramidical 
points  or  rays,  on  the  top  of  each  of  which  is  a 
pearl. 

This  seems  to  be  an  instance,  and  the  first  of  a 

*  Mr.  Pegge's  dissertation  is  dedicated  to  Archbishop 
Cornwallis,  and  on  the  top  of  the  page  is  a  shield  of  his 
arms,  viz.  the  See  of  Canterbury  impaling  Cornwallis,  and 
surmounted  with  a  mitre  in  the  ducal  coronet. 

t  Dugdale's  Oriqines  Judiciates.  fol.  1671,  p.  303. 

J  Ib.  302. 

§  Genealogical  History,  fol.  1677,  pp.  439. 442. 


deviation  from  the  usual  mode  of  depicting  the 
mitre,  and  that  on  a  plate  bearing  upon  the  face 
of  it  the  sanction  of  Lancaster  Herald,  though  it 
is  no  evidence  that  the  mitre  was  so  used  by 
Archbishop  Sheldon,  to  whose  funeral  certificate, 
as  already  remarked,  the  usual  mitre  was  attached 
by  Sir  William  Dugdale  twenty  years  afterwards. 
It  may  have  been  the  act  of  the  engraver,  and  not 
that  of  Sandford. 

Mr.  Rouse  calls  the  coronet  a  Celestial  Crown 
(but  it  is  more  of  an  Earl's  coronet),  and  says  he 
finds  it  not  many  years  after  changed  for  a  mar- 
quis's coronet,  citing  the  instance  of  the  mitre  at- 
tributed to  Bancroft. 

No.  V.  That  of  Archbishop  Sancroft  placed 
over  his  effigies  about  the  time  of  the  Revolution, 
in  R.  White's  print  of  the  Archbishop  and  six 
Bishops,  his  colleagues  (over  each  of  whom  there 
is  a  plain  mitre  only),  who  were  committed  to  the 
Tower  for  not  ordering  the  declaration  of  King 
James  for  liberty  of  conscience  to  be  read  in  their 
respective  dioceses.  The  same  form  of  mitre  was 
placed  by  the  same  R.  White  over  the  arms  of 
Archbishop  Tillotson  (Bancroft's  successor)  in  a 
print  of  him  prefixed  to  a  folio  volume  of  his 
Sermons  ;  but  on  an  octavo  edition  of  Tillotson's 
Sermons,  published  in  1701,  he  places  a  mitre  in 
no  wise  distinguished  from  that  of  the  ordinary 
mitre  of  a  Bishop,  and  resembling  that  of  Cranmer, 
No.  II. 

In  1730  the  Marquis's  Coronet  seems  to  have 
yielded  to  the  Ducal  Coronet,  as  in  the  illus- 
tration, 

No.  VI.  That  of  Archbishop  Wake,  whose 
mitre  rises  from  the  Ducal  Coronet  upon  the 
authority  quoted  of  a  work  entitled  The  British 
Compendium  (Lond.  12mo.  1731)  ;  and  this  pro- 
bably induced  the  remark  of  Mr.  Pegge,  that  the 
practice  was  then  lately  introduced.  The  same 
authority  ascribes  a  similar  rnitre  as  surmounting 
the  arms  of  Lancelot  Blackburn,  Archbishop  of 
York. 

With  the  exception  of  the  instance  of  the  mitre 
ascribed  by  Sandford  to  Archbishop  Sheldon,  the 
authorities  cited  cannot  be  said  to  have  any  of- 
ficial import,  but  rest  upon  the  acts  of  engravers 
and  persons  having  no  cognizance  of  the  subject, 
and  therefore  not  to  afford  any  authority  for  the 
practice  which  subsequently,  and  has  now  for 
many  years,  prevailed  with  the  Archbishops. 

It  would  seem  from  these  remarks  that  theirs* 
variation  in  the  usa^e  of  the  initre,  by  the  intro- 
duction of  a  coronet,  is  in  the  case  of  Archbishop 
Sheldon,  in  a  plate  dedicated  to  him  by  Francis 
Sandford,  Lancaster  Herald,  which  is  certainly 
a  singular  circumstance  when  adverting  to  the 
funeral  certificate  of  Archbishop  Sheldon,  re- 
corded in  1677,  where  the  mitre  is  without. 
Holler's  print  was  etched  in  1655  ;  and  although 
the  dedication  of  the  plate  bears  the  initials  of 


2»d  S.  IX.  JAN.  28.  '60. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Sandford,  it  is  by  no  means  certain  that  he  had 
any  supervision  in  the  engraving  of  the  arms, 
since  the  coronet  is  evidently  fanciful  in  this  in- 
stance, and  it  was  not  until  years  after  that  the 
Ducal  Coronet  made  its  appearance. 

It  may  be  said  that  down  to  the  Restoration 
there  was  no  difference  in  the  mitres  worn,  or 
surmounting  the  armorial  ensigns  of  the  Sees  of 
the  Archbishops  and  Bishops,  with  the  exception 
of  Durham. 

That  about  the  year  1688  Sancroft  (who  was 
consecrated  27  January,  1677-8,  in  Westminster 
Abbey,  and  deprived  1  February,  1690-1)  has 
ascribed  to  his  mitre  the  Marquis's  Coronet  in  a 
print  by  White,  and  the  Ducal  Coronet  is  ascribed 
to  that  of  Archbishops  Wake  and  Blackburn  in 
1730. 

That  since  1730  the  assumption  seems  to  have 
established  itself,  and  continued  to  the  present 
day ;  but  nothing  like  a  grant  or  legal  authority 
is  to  be  found  for  so  using  the  mitre  out  of  a  Ducal 
Coronet. 

It  has  been  hinted  that  the  style  of  "  Grace  " 
given  to  the  Archbishops,  being  that  given  to 
Dukes,  may  have  afforded  the  suggestion  of 
adding  the  ducal  coronet  to  the  mitre. 

In  the  Lambeth  Library  is  a  MS.,  No.  555.,  a 
small  4to.  bound  in  calf,  containing  the  arms  of 
the  respective  Prelates  of  the  See  of  Canterbury 
from  the  time  of  Lanfranc  to  that  of  Dr.  John 
Moore,  who  died  in  January,  1805.  The  arms 
are  illuminated  on  vellum,  and  surmounted  by  a 
mitre. 

From  the  commencement  down  to  the  bearing 
of  Thos.  Herring,  Archbishop  in  1747,  and  who 
died  1757,  the  character  of  the  mitres  are  similar, 
and  in  no  instance  does  the  mitre  appear  with  a 
ducal  coronet.  The  arms  of  Herring  are  followed 
by  those  of  Mathew  Hutton,  translated  from  the 
See  of  York  to  the  See  of  Canterbury  in  1757, 
and  his  coat  is  the  first  surmounted  with  a  mitre 
within  the  ducal  coronet.  From  that  time  to  the 
succession  of  Moore,  translated  from  Bangor  in 
1783,  which  is  the  last  in  the  MS.,  the  mitre  ap- 
pears within  the  ducal  coronet. 

In  the  great  window  in  Juxon's  Hall,  now  the 
library,  are  the  arms  of  various  Prelates  since  the 
Restoration  :  some  of  modern  date  have  the  mitre 
out  of  coronets,  which  in  some  instances  resemble 
more  those  of  a  marquis  or  foreign  count.  They 
have  been  executed  by  artists  without  reference 
to  accuracy.  The  bearing,  however,  of  the  mitre 
out  of  a  ducal  coronet  seems  to  have  been  adopted 
without  variation  since  the  elevation  of  Hutton  to 
the  See  of  Canterbury  in  1757.  These  remarks 
are  made  more  in  reference  to  the  mode  of  bear- 
ing the  mitre  by  the  Archbishops  of  Canterbury, 
though  I  am  not  aware  of  any  deviation  by  the 
Prelates  of  the  See  of  York  since  the  time  of 
Archbishop  Blackburn,  but  have  not  made  that 


rigid  inquiry  into  the  subject  as  in  the  case  of 
Canterbury.  G. 


BUNYAN  PEDIGREE. 
(1st  S.  ix.223.;  xii.491.;  2nd  S.  i.  81.  170.  234.) 

George  Bunyan  (1.)  married  Mary  Haywood 
(2.)  at  St.  Nicholas  church,  Nottingham,  1754, 
and  had  children  :  (3.)  Thomas,  1755  ;  (4.)  Ann, 
1756;  (5.)  George,  1758;  (6.)  Mary,  1760;  (7.) 
Mary,  1762  ;  (8.)  Elizabeth,  1763  ;  (9.)  William, 
U64  ;  (10.)  Sarah,  1765  ;  (11.)  William  and  (12.) 
George,  1766;  (13.)  Amelia,  1767.  ^ 

(3.)  Thomas,  Bombardier,  married  —  Mather, 
no  children ;  burgess  list,  Nottingham,  hosier, 
1776.  (4.)  Died  near  London,  at  Godmaster  (?) ; 
(5.)  died  young ;  (6.)  died  1761  ;  (7.)  married 
Mr.  Sanigear,  cashier  in  Bank  of  England,  died 
Dec.  11,  1856.  The  portrait  of  John  Bunyan, 
formerly  in  her  possession  ("  N.  &  Q.,"  2nd  S.  i. 
81.),  is  now  the  property  of  Mr.  Wilkinson,  Clin- 
ton Street,  Nottingham.  (8.)  Married  Thomas 
Pinder,  shoemaker,  and  had  children  :  George, 
Thomas,  Catherine,  and  Mary.  (9.)  Died  young. 
(10.),  (11.),  and  (12.),  died  when  babies.  (13.) 
Married  Thomas  Bradley,  1792,  and  had  children  : 
George,  Ann,  and  Thomas  ;  died  1858. 

From  (13.)  mainly  I  learnt,  among  others,  these 
particulars:  —  Her  father  was  born  at  Elstow 
(this  was  said  doubtfully),  and  his  marriage  dis- 
pleased Mary  Haywood's  father,  who  called  him 
"  the  tinker,"  and  made  him  go  to  church ;  but 
he  used  to  say,  "  This  morning  I  have  had  milk 
and  water,  this  afternoon  I  will  have  some  strong 
drink;"  and  used  to  go  to  the  meeting-house. 
But  after  the  birth  of  Thomas,  (2.)  was  never 
called  the  tinker's  wife.  (This  is  probably  the 
foundation  of  the  report  that  a  son  of  John  Bun- 
yan married  a  woman  of  property  in  Nottingham, 
and  had  to  abjure  his  sect.) 

(1.)  got  into  debt  in  consequence  of  his  politics, 
and  was  by  Lord  Howe  made  Inspector  of  Stores 
in  Philadelphia  on  approval.  He  there  died  of 
fever  (there  is  another  story),  when  (13.)  was 
about  twelve  or  thirteen  years  old.  This  would 
be  about  the  time  of  the  occupation  of  Phila- 
delphia by  the  British,  and  UNEDA  could  probably 
make  some  discovery  on  the  point. 

(1.)  had  a  brother,  Capt.  Wm.  Bunyan,  drowned 
at  sea :  his  wife  Elizabeth  lies  in  St.  Mary's 
chancel.  Nottingham  burgess  list :  Wm.  Bunyan, 
Lieutenant  in  the  Navy,  1767.  Bunyan,  Capt. 
William,  as  well  as  his  brother  George,  voted  for 
Hon.  William  Howe,  1774.  Perhaps  some  naval 
book-worm  could  help  me  to  farther  information. 

(1.)  had  a  sister  Catharine,  a  maiden  lady, 
whom  he  fetched  from  Bedford,  and  settled  as 
milliner  in  Nottingham  :  a  sister  or  other  near 
relation,  Susanna,  who  came  from  Bedford  on 


70 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[2n*  S.  IX.  JAN.  28.  '60. 


visits,  and  afterwards  kept  school  at  Stamford, 
and  died  there.  Catherine  died  at  Matlock. 

(13.)  had  a  Josephus,  which  Mr.  Mawkes,  for- 
merly curate  of  Ockbrook,  took  in  exchange  for 
another  book  :  in  it  was  written :  "  The  gift  of 
Catherine  Bunyan  to  Ann  Bunyan  ;"  "  Catherine 
Bunyan,  the  gift  of  her  honoured  father."  She 
thought  the  name  should  have  been  supplied  as 
John.  S.  F.  CHESWELL. 

School  House,  Tunbridge,  Kent. 


DONNELLAN  LECTURES. 
(2nd  S.  viii.  442.) 

The  following  is  a  complete  list  of  the  Donnel- 
lan  Lecturers,  and  of  the  subject  of  their  lec- 
tures :  — 

1794.  Thomas  Elrington,  D.D.    "The  Proof  of  Chris- 
tianity derived  from  the  Miracles  recorded  in  the  New 
Testament."    Published. 

1795.  Richard  Graves,  D.D.    "That  the  Progress  of 
Christianity  has  been  such  as  to  confirm  its  Divine  Ori- 
ginal."   Not  published. 

1796.  Robert  Burrowes,  D.D.      George  Millar,  D.D. 
(in  room  of  Dr.  Burrowes  resigned)  "  An  Inquiry  into  the 
Causes  that  have  impeded  the  further  Progress  of  Chris- 
tianity."   Not  published. 

1797.  Richard  Graves,  D.D.     "The  Divme  Origin  of 
the  Jewish  Religion,  proved  from  the  internal  Evidence 
of  the  last  Four  Books  of  the  Pentateuch."     Published. 

1798.  William  Magee,  D.D.     "The  Prophecies  relat- 
ing to  the  Messiah."    Not  published. 

1799.  John  Ussher,  A.M.   John  Walker,  A.M.  (in  room 
of  Mr.  Ussher,  resigned). 

1800.  William  Magee,  D.D.    "The  Prophecies  relating 
to  the  Messiah." 

1801.  Richard  Graves,  D.D.    "The  Divine  Origin  of 
the,  Jewish  Religion,  demonstrated  chiefly  from  the  inter- 
nal Evidence  furnished  by  the  last  Four  Books  of  the 
Pentateuch."    Published. 

1802.  Joseph  Stopford,  D.D. 
1803-6.  (No  appointment.) 

1807.  Bartholomew  Lloyd,  D.D.     "The  Providential 
Adaptation  of  the  Natural  to  the  Moral  Condition  of  Man 
as  a  fallen  Creature."    Not  published. 

1808.  (No  appointment.) 

1809.  Richard  H.  Nash,  D.D.     "The  Liturgy  of  the 
Church  of  England  is  conformable  to  the  Spirit  of  the 
Primitive  Christian  Church,  and  is  well  adapted  to  pro- 
mote true  Devotion."    Not  published. 

1810-14.  (No  appointment). 

1815-16.  Franc  Sadleir,  D.D.  "The  various  Degrees 
of  Religious  Information  vouchsafed  to  Mankind,  were 
such  as  were  best  suited  to  their  Moral  State  at  the  pecu- 
liar Period  of  each  Dispensation."  Published. 

1817.  (No  appointment.) 

1818.  William  Phelan,  A.M.     "Christianity  provides 
suitable  Correctives  for  those  Tendencies  to  Polytheism 
and  Idolatry  which  seem  to  be  intimately  interwoven 
with  Human  Nature."     Published  in  Phelan's  Remains, 
London,  1832. 

1819.  Charles  R.  Elrington,  D.D.     "  The  Doctrine  of 
Regeneration  according  to  the  Scriptures  and  the  Church 
of  England."    Not  published. 

1820.  (No  appointment.) 

1821.  James  Kennedy-Bailie,  B.D. 

1822.  Franc  Sadleir,  D.D.     "The  Formulas  of  the 


Church  of  England  conformable  to  the  Scriptures."  Pub- 
lished. 

1823.  James  Kennedy-Bailie,  B.D.  "  The  Researches 
of  Modern  Science  tend  to  demonstrate  the  Inspiration  of 
the  Writers  of  Scripture,  particularly  as  applied  to  the 
Mosaic  Records."  Published. 

1824-26.  (No  appointment.) 

1827-32.  Franc  Sadleir,  D.D.  "  The  Socinian  Contro- 
versy." Not  published. 

1833-34.     (No  appointment.) 

1835-37.  Joseph  Henderson  Singer,  D.D. 

1838.  James  Henthorn  Todd,  D.D.  "  Discourse  on  the 
Prophecies  relating  to  Antichrist  in  the  Writings  of 
Daniel  and  St.  Paul."  Published. 

1839-41.  James  Henthorn  Todd,  D.D.  "Six  Dis- 
courses on  the  Prophecies  relating  to  Antichrist  in  the 
Apocalypse  of  St.  John."  Published. 

1842.  William  Digby  Sadleir,  D.D. 

1843-47.  James  Henthorn  Todd,  D.D. 

1848-49.  Samuel  Butcher,  D.D.  "On  the  Names  of 
the  Divine  Being  in  Holy  Scripture."  Not  published. 

1850.  (No  appointment.) 

1851.  Mortimer  O'Sullivan,  D.D.    "The  Hour  of  the 
Redeemer."    Published. 

1852.  Wjlliam  Lee,  D.D.    "  The  Inspiration  of  Holy 
Scripture,  its  Nature  and  Proof."    Published. 

1853.  William  De  Burgh,  D.D.    "  The  early  Prophe- 
cies of  a  Redeemer,  from  the  First  Promise  to  the  Pro- 
phecy of  Moses."    Published. 

1854.  Charles  Parsons  Reichel,  B.D.     "  On  the  Chris- 
tian Church."    Not  published. 

1855.  James  Byrne,  A.M.     "Six  Discourses  on  Na- 
turalism and  Spiritualism."    Published. 

1856.  James  Mac  Ivor,  D.D.   "  Religious  Progression." 
Not  published. 

1857.  John  Cotter  Mac  Donnell,  B.D.    "  The  Doctrine 
of  the  Atonement,  deduced  from  Scripture,  and  vindi- 
cated from  Misrepresentation  and  Objections." 

1858.  James  Wills,  B.D.     Lectures  not  published. 

1859.  James  Mac  Ivor,  D.D.   "  Religious  Progression." 
Not  published. 


Dublin. 


THE  "INCIDENT  IN  'THE  '15.' "  (2nd  S.  viii.  409. 
445.)  —  General  Wightman's  seizure  of  Lady 
Seaforth's  coach  and  horses  made  some  noise  at  the 
time.  Thus  Baillie,  writing  from  Inverness  on  the 
30th  March,  1716,  to  Duncan  Forbes,  says  :  — 

"  General  Wightman  hath  taken  six  coach  horse  with 
coach  and  shaes  of  Seafort — the  coach  is  sent  on  board 
one  of  the  ship's  .  .  .  Some  say  here  that  it  would  have 
been  better  service  to  have  taken  the  guns  and  the  swords 
from  the  rebels  than  Seafort's  coach ;  but  G.  W.  is  fond 
of  the  bonny  coach  and  fine  horses." 

We  might  infer  from  this  that  the  seizure 
was  a  self- appropriation,  and  the  probability  is 
strengthened  by  another  seizure. 

Hosack,  in  a  letter  to  Forbes,  tells  him  that 
Fraserdale's  chamberlain  gave  Lord  Lovat  "  some 
information  about  Fraserdale's  plate;  and  Lord 
Lovat  as  he  was  going  to  Ruthven  demanded  it 
of  Provost  Clerk ;  but  he  positively  refused  him, 
and  I  believe  there  happened  some  hott  words. 
Afterward  Lovat  in  his  passion  dropt  something 
of  it  to  Wightman ;  who,  when  Lovat  was  gone, 
by  arreast  and  threatenings  of  prison,  procured 


2**  S.  IX.  JAK.  28.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


71 


the  plate  from  the  Provost.  I  do  not  know  yet 
what  Cadogan  may  do  in  it,  but  Wightman  did 
not  make  the  prize  for  Lovat."  Lovat  and  Fra- 
serdale  both  claimed  to  be  head  of  the  clan : 
Fraser,  a  Mackenzie,  as  having  married  the  heir- 
ess, a  daughter  of  the  late  Lord,  and  Lovat  as  his 
heir  male.  Lovat's  loyalty,  I  suspect,  rested  on 
the  fact  that  Fraserdale  was  of  the  adverse  fac- 
tion. Baillie,  writing  to  Forbes,  says  :  — 

"  I  am  pretty  well  informed  that  it  is  not  above  150 

pounds  in  value;  also  I  may  observe  that  G — *-  W n 

keeps  well  what  he  takes." 

Hosack  reports  the  results  on  the  10th  April : 

"  I  hear  Gen1  Cadogan  has  made  Lovat  a  present  of 
his  half  of  Fraserdale's  plate,  and  that  he  has  compounded 
for  the  other  half  \vh  Wightman." 

This  is  confirmed  by  a  letter  from  Lovat. 

T.  1. 1. 

DR.  SHELTON  MACKENZIE  (2nd  S.viii.  169.235. 
258.)  —  Thinking  it  possible  that  Dr.  Mackenzie 
had  not  seen  the  above  references  to  himself  in 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  I  lately  drew  his  attention  to  the  sub- 
ject, in  order  that  he  might  have  the  opportunity 
of  clearing  up  the  difficulty.  I  have  just  received 
his  reply,  dated  "  Philadelphia,  Dec.  26th,  1859  ;" 
and  from  it  make  the  following  extract :  — 

"  I  have  just  looked  over  the  '  Life  of  Maginn,'  prefixed 
to  the  5  volume  edition  of  Mtuff  tin's  Miscellanies,  and  find 
that  it  does  not  contain  a  word,  in  its  100  pages,  of  Ma- 
ginn's  having  helped  Ainsworth,  in  prose  or  verse.  But 
I  do  find,  in  a  previous  biography  which  I  wrote  for  vol. 
v.  of  my  edition  of  Noctes  Ambrosiance,  that  (on  the  au- 
thority of  the  Maginn  biography  written  by  Keiiealy,  in 
the  Dublin  University  Magazine),  I  have  said,  '  Most  of 
the  flash  songs,  and  nearly  the  whole  of  Turpin's  "  Ride 
to  York  "  in  Rookwood,  were  written  by  Maginn.'  I  dare 
say  that,  when  writing  the  enlarged  and  more  elaborate 
Memoir  for  the  Miscellanies,  1  doubted  the  fact,  and 
therefore  omitted  it.  Maginn,  among  other  reasons,  did 
not  know  the  country  between  London  and  York;  but 
Ainsworth  did. 

"  An  account  of  my  death  did  appear,  Nov.  1854,  not 
in  New  York,  but  in  the  London  Times." 

I  may  add  to  the  above,  that  Dr.  Mackenzie  is 
now  the  "literary"  editor  of  the  Philadelphia 
Press,  —  a  leading  democratic,  anti-administration 
paper,  published  in  the  city  whose  name  it  bears. 

R.  T. 

Albany,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  27. 

HYMNS  (2nd  S.  viii.  512.)  —  "Lo!  he  comes 
with  clouds  descending,"  claims  for  its  author 
Charles  Wesley,  and  is  to  be  found  in  his  hymns 
of  Intercession  for  all  Mankind,  1758.  Thomas 
Olivers  composed  the  tune  to  it  only.  "  Great 
God !  what  do  I  see  and  hear  ; "  the  first  verse  by 
Ringwald,  the  remaining  three  by  W.  B.  Collyer, 
D.D.  The  remaining  two  hymns  seem  to  be 
piecemeal  compositions,  of  which  most  of  the 
modern  compilations  consist,  especially  Mercer's. 

DANIEL  SEDGWICK. 
Sun  Street,  City. 


SONG  OF  THE  DOUGLAS  (2nd  S.  v..  169.  226. 
245.)  —  MR.  Girps  may  be  glad  to  learn,  even 
two  years  after  his  inquiry,  that,  if  an  article  in 
the  Spectator  of  the  24th  Dec.  1859,  may  be  be- 
lieved, the  song  of  which  he  quotes  some  lines  is  a 
modern  production,  written  by  the  authoress  of 
the  Life  of  John  Halifax,  who  has  lately  published 
this  with  other  poetical  pieces.  The  Spectator 
gives  the  poem  as  follows  :  — 

"  Could  ye  come  back  to  me,  Douglas,  Douglas, 

In  the  old  likeness  that  I  knew, 
I'd  be  so  faithful,  so  loving,  Douglas ! 
Douglas,  Douglas,  tender  and  true. 
"  Never  a  scornful  word  should  grieve  ye, 
I'd  smile  on  ye  sweet  as  the  angels  do, 
Sweet  as  your  smile  on  me  shone  ever, 
Douglas,  Douglas,  tender  and  true. 

"  0  to  call  back  the  days  that  are  past ! 

My  eyes  were  blinded,  your  words  were  few ; 
Do  you  know  the  truth  now  up  in  heaven, 
Douglas,  Douglas,  tender  and  true  ? 

"  I  never  was  worthy  of  you,  Douglas, 

Not  half  worthy  the  like  of  you. 
Now  all  men  seem  to  me  shadows ; — 
And  I  love  only  you,  Douglas,  tender  and  true. 

"  Stretch  out  your  hands  to  me,  Douglas, 

Drop  forgiveness  from  Heaven  like  dew, 
As  I  lay  my  heart  on  your  dead  heart,  Douglas, 
Douglas,  Douglas,  tender  and  true." 

These  fervent  lines  require  not  the  accessory 
charm  of  being  linked  to  an  old  legendary  verse 
with  which  they  appear  to  have  no  connexion. 
They  are  the  outpourings  of  the  heart  of  a  too 
scornful  maiden,  who,  having  hastily  refused  an 
offer  from  a  suitor,  finds,  after  his  death,  that  she 
had  really  loved  him,  and  had  not  intended  to  be 
taken  at  her  word. 

The  question  still  remains  whether  the  single 
line  in  Holland's  Howlet  is  original,  or  quoted 
there  from  some  earlier  poem.  STTLITES. 

WRECK  OF  THE  DUNBAR  (2nd  S.  viii.  414.)  — 
The  Dunbar  was  not  wrecked  entering  Melbourne, 
but  at  a  very  short  distance  from  the  South 
Head  at  the  entrance  of  Port  Jackson  (Sydney 
Harbour,  Kew  South  Wales),  at  a  place  well 
known  as  The  Gap.  The  unhappy  event  was 
caused  by  an  error  of  judgment  in  mistaking  The 
Gap  for  the  entrance  to  the  Harbour. 

Lloyd's  agent  at  Sydney,  or  Messrs.  J.  Fairfax 
&  Sons,  the  respected  proprietors  of  the  prin- 
cipal newspaper  there,  The  Sydney  Morning 
Herald,  would  doubtless  assist  your  correspondent 
in  carrying  out  his  praiseworthy  intentions. 

The  man  saved  was,  I  believe,  a  sailor,  and  his 
rescuer  probably  a  man  belonging  to  one  of  the 
Sydney  Head  pilot  boats. 

Reference  to  Deacon's  files  of  newspapers  from 
the  colony  about  the  date  referred  to  would  en- 
able your  correspondent  to  obtain  the  information 
he  seeks.  W.  STONES. 

Blackheath. 


72 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  JAN.  28.  '60. 


OTHOBON!S  CONSTITUTIONS  (2nd  S.  viii.  532.)— 
Perhaps  it  may  not  be  amiss  to  add  that  Otho- 
bonus  was  afterwards  Pope,  under  the  title  of 
Adrian  V.  His  reign,  however,  was  very  short, 
as  he  died  one  month  and  nine  days  after  his 
election,  and  before  episcopal  consecration.  Some 
years  before  the  Council  of  London  over  which 
he  presided,  that  is  circa  an.  1252,  he  had  been, 
although  a  Genoese,  Archdeacon  of  Canterbury. 
He  was  well  qualified,  therefore,  from  his  know- 
ledge of  the  state  of  the  English  church,  to  direct 
and  control  the  deliberations  of  the  Synod.  It 
is  of  some  interest  to  know  what  popes  had,  pre- 
viously to  their  wearing  the  tiara,  held  church 
preferment  in  England.  There  was  one,  for  in- 
stance, who  was  Bishop  of  Worcester ;  at  least, 
appointed  Administrator  of  the  Diocese  by  a  Bull 
dated  31  July,  1521.  This  was  Cardinal  Julianus 
de  Medicis,  afterwards  Clement  VII. 

If  your  correspondent  will  consult  the  Oxford 
edition  of  Lyndwood's  Provincial,  an.  1679,  he 
•will  not  only  find  the  Constitutions  of  Othobonus 
annexed,  but  a  very  copious  glossa  by  John  de 
Athona,  alias  John  Acton.  I  have  often  mar- 
velled why  that  same  edition  should  have  re- 
ceived the  University  "  imprimatur ; "  for,  al- 
though there  are  undoubtedly  many  things  suited 
to  the  present  state  of  things  in  England,  yet  a 
great  part  as  to  doctrine,  and  a  greater  part  as  to 
discipline,  is  applicable  only  to  the  times  pre- 
ceding the  separation  from  Rome.  Some  things, 
indeed,  there  are  which  not  one  of  us,  whether  he 
belongs  to  Rome  or  Canterbury,  considers  binding. 
For  example,  what  should  we  say  of  the  following 
strict  injunction  of  one  of  the  Constitutions  of 
Othobonus,  "  De  habitu  Clericorum  ?  " 

"  Statuimus  et  district^  precipitous,  ut  Clerici  universi 
vestes  gerant  non  brevitate  nimia  ridiculosas  et  notandas, 
sed  saltern  ultra  tibiarum  medium  attingentes,  aures 
quoque  patentes,  crinibus  non  coopertas.  et  Coronas  ha- 
beant  probandfi  latitudine  condecentes  ....  Nee,  nisi  in 
itinere  constituti,  unquam  aut  in  ecclesiis,  vel  coram  Prae- 
latis  suis,  aut  in  conspectu  communi  hominum,  publice 
infulas  suas  (vulgo  Coyphas  vocant)  portare  aliquatenus 
audeant  vel  praesumant.  Qui  autem  in  Sacerdotio  sunt, 
qui  etiam  sunt  Decani  aut  Archidiaconi,  necnon  omnes  in 
Dignitatibus  constituti  Curam  animarum  habentibus, 
Cappas  clausas  deferant." 

JOHN  WILLIAMS. 

Arno's  Court. 

SYMPATHETIC  SNAILS  (2ud  S.  viii.  503.)— I 
remember  reading  on  this  subject  a  series  of  com- 
munications which  appeared  in  La  Presse,  a  Paris 
newspaper,  a  few  years  since.  I  am  unable  to 
state  the  precise  time,  but  think  it  was  between 
the  years  1852  and  1856.  J.  MACBAY. 

SCOTCH  CLERGY  DEPRIVED  IN  1689  (2nd  S.  viii. 
329.  538.)  —  To  the  works  mentioned  by  B.  W. 
add  Lawson's  History  of  the  Scottish  Episcopal 
Church  from  the  Revolution  to  the  present  Time, 
8vo.  Edinb.  1842.  J.  MACRAY. 


CURIOUS  MARRIAGE  (2nd  S.  viii.  396.)  —  Such 
public  notifications  as  those  mentioned  by  MR. 
REDMOND  were  also  customary  in  Scotland,  as  in 
the  following  instances  :  — 

"  Last  week  Mr.  Graham,  younger,  of  Dongalston,  was 
married  to  Miss  Campbell  of  Skirving,  a  beautiful  and 
virtuous  young  lady."  —  Glasgow  Courant  (Newspaper), 
Feb.  9,  1747. 

"  On  Monda}'  last,  Dr.  Robert  Hamilton,  Professor  of 
Anatomy  and  Botany  in  the  University  of  Glasgow,  to 
Miss  Mally  Baird,  a  beautiful  young  la^dy  with  a  hand- 
some fortune."  —  Ibid.,  May  4,  1747. 

"  On  Monday  last,  Mr.  James  Johnstone,  Merchant  in 
this  place,  was  married  to  Miss  Peggy  Newall,  a  young 
ladv  of  great  merit,  and  a  fortune  of  4000Z."— •  Ibid.,  Aug. 
3,  1747. 

An  anecdote  is  current  of  an  old  Glasgow  shop- 
keeper who  announced  a  large  portion  to  each  of  his 
daughters  in  the  event  of  their  marriage.  The  bait 
took  rapidly,  but  when  it  came  to  the  paying  part 
of  the  business,  he  pled  as  his  apology  for  non- 
performance  an  inadvertency  in  having  at  that 
time  added  the  "year  of  God"  into  the  balance 
sheet  of  his  property  as  pounds  sterling.  G.  N. 

HOLDING  UP  THE  HAND  (2nd  S.  viii.  501.) — The 
mode  of  making  an  affirmation,  which  MR.  BOYS 
says  "  is  the  oldest  form  of  an  oath  recorded  in 
the  Bible,"  is  still  practised  in  the  United  States 
of  America.  The  Members  of  Congress,  when 
they  qualify  for  that  office,  are  asked  whether  they 
will  swear  or  affirm  their  loyalty  to  the  constitu- 
tion and  the  laws  of  the  country.  Those  who 
swear,  take  the  oaths  in  the  English  form ;  those 
who  affirm,  hold  up  the  right  hand,  and  bow  in 
assent,  when  the  Speaker  has  repeated  what  they 
are  required  to  affirm.  False  affirmation  is  sub- 
jected to  the  same  penalties  as  perjury,  and  no 
distinction  is  made  in  any  of  the  courts  of  law  be- 
tween evidence  taken  either  by  oath  or  affirma- 
tion. The  President  of  the  United  States  is 
allowed  to  affirm  if  he  chooses,  instead  of  taking 
the  oath  in  the  accustomed  form,  when  he  is  in* 
ducted  into  office.  PISHEY  THOMPSON. 

Stoke  Newington. 

DERIVATION  OF  RIP,  "  A  RAKE  OR  LIBER- 
TINE "  (2nd  S.  viii.  493.)  —This  is  a  terminal  ab- 
breviation (like  'bus  from  omnibus)  of  a  word  of 
reproach  very  commonly  used  in  the  last  century, 
viz.  demi-rep,  meaning  a  person  with  half  a  repu- 
tation. It  may  be  classed  with  another  slang 
term  current  about  the  same  time,  —  a  detni- 
fortune,  which  was  applied  to  a  carriage  drawn  by 
a  single  horse,  —  long  before  the  brougham  was 
invented,  or  found  so  generally  useful.  J.  G.  N. 

"  MY  EYE  AND  BETTY  MARTIN  "  (2nd  S.  viii.  491 .) 
— The  only  origin  I  have  ever  heard  ascribed  to 
this  phrase  is,  that  it  is  derived  from  a  monkish 
form  of  expression,  " Mihi  et  Beati  Martini"  In 
the  same  spirit  I  have  heard  the  expression, 
" Lets  sing  old  Rose,  and  burn  the  bellows"  de- 


S.  IX.  JAN.  28.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


73 


rived  from  a  schoolboy's  merry  shout  on  the 
arrival  of  the  holidays,  "  Let's  singe  old  Hose  and 
burn  libellos"-— meaning,  "  let  us  singe  the  mas- 
ter's wig,  and  burn  our  books  :  "  this,  of  course, 
would  only  apply  when  the  master's  name  was 
Rose.  These  expressions,  so  widely  spread 
through  the  length  and  breadth  of  England,  cer- 
tainly had  an  origin  in  something.  I  shall  like  to 
receive  others  than  those  I  have  thus  —  only  half 
in  earnest— ascribed  to  them.  PISHEY  THOMPSON. 

Stoke  Newington. 

NATHANIEL  WARD  (1st  S.  ix.  517.;  2nd  S.  v. 
319. ;  viii.  46.  76.)  —  Since  writing  our  former 
letter  respecting  the  loyal  rector  of  Staindrop,  our 
attention  has  been  drawn  to  the  circumstance 
that  your  correspondent  Socius  DUNELM  (2nd  S. 
v.  319.)  attributes  to  him  the  address  prefixed  to 
Samuel  Ward's  Jethro's  Justice  of  Peace,  1627. 
We  take  it,  however,  to  be  clear  that  that  address 
was  written  by  another  Nathaniel  Ward,  who  was 
of  Emmanuel  College;  B.  A.  1599,  M.A.  1603.  He 
was  preacher  at  S.  James's,  Duke  Place,  London  ; 
afterwards  beneficed  in  Essex,  and  died  1653. 
As  to  him  see  Brook's  Lives  of  the  Puritans,  iii. 
182.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

FAMILY  OF  CONST ANTINE  (2nd  S.  viii.  531.)  — 
I  conceive  that  your  querist  J.  F.  C.  alludes  to  a 
family  whose  pedigree,  &c.,  is  given  1h  Hutchins' 
Dorset,  to  which  work  I  would  refer  him  for  full 
particulars. 

William  Constantine  of  Merly  was  born  1612  ; 
educated  and  reader  at  the  Middle  Temple  ;  was 
Recorder  of  Dorchester  and  Poole,  and  knighted 
1668.  His  son  Harry  (by  his  first  marriage)  was 
born  1642,  and  died  1712,  having  sold  Merly  to 
—  Ash  of — ,  county  Wilts,  who  in  1752  disposed 
of  it  to  Ralph  Willett,  proprietor  of  a  large  estate 
at  St.  Christophers,  W.  I. 

Monuments  of  the  Constantine  family  are  to  be 
seen  in  the  minster  church  of  Wimborne. 

Hutchins'  History  and  Antiquities  of  the  County 
of  Dorset  was  originally  published  in  1774,  a  new 
edition  of  which  is  about  to  be  brought  out  by 
Mr.  Shipp,  bookseller,  Blandford,  who  would  be 
glad  to  receive  corrections  and  additions  from  au- 
thentic sources.  WILLETT  L.  ADYE. 

Merly  House,  Dorset. 

KING  JAMES'S  HOUNDS  (2nd  S.  viii.  494.)  —  Per- 
sons unaccustomed  to  old  manuscripts  are  very  apt 
to  mistake  the  contraction  ^  for  an  e,  and  conse- 
quently to  read  hoiunde  for  "howndes,"  as  is  twice 
done  in  the  extracts  from  the  churchwardens'  ac- 
counts of  Bray  here  printed.  It  is  also  necessary 
to  the  uninitiated  to  explain  that  prepte  means 
"precept:"  precepts  were  issued  by  the  justices, 
at  the  motion  of  the  royal  purveyors,  to  furnish 
the  king's  and  the  prince's  hounds  with  their  re- 
quisite provender.  J.  G.  N. 


LONGEVITY  or  CLERICAL  INCUMBENTS   (2nd  S. 
ix.  8.) — Besides  the  instance  of  clerical  longevity 

S'ven  by  your  correspondent  in  the  case  of  the 
ev.  'John  Lewis,  late  rector  of  Ingatestone  in, 
the  county  of  Essex,  other  instances  can  be  given 
occurring  in  the  same  county,  and  not  very 
far  from  Ingatestone.  The  parish  of  Stondon 
Massey,  distant  about  six  miles  from  Ingatestone, 
affords  a  remarkable  instance,  as  it  had  only  two 
rectors  during  a  period  of  106. years,  viz.,  the 
Rev.  Thomas  Smith,  who  was  presented  to  the 
living  in  1735,  and  died  in  1791,  when  he  was 
succeeded  by  the  Rev.  John  Oldham,  who  died 
in  1841.  Apropos  to  this  subject  is  the  following 
extract  from  the  volume  of  the  Gentleman  s  Mag' 
azine  for  1791 :  — 

"  On  January  19th,  1791,  died  the  Kev.  Thomas  Smith, 
Rector  of  Stondon  Massey,  Essex.  He  was  one  of  the 
five  rectors  of  the  five  adjoining  parishes,  whose  united 
ages  amounted  to  more  than  four  hundred  years.  The 
others  were  Harris  ofGrensted,  Henshaw  of  High  Ongar, 
Salisbury  of  Moreton,  Kippax  of  Doddinghurst." 

At  the  present  day,  the  parish  of  Kelvedon 
Hatch,  in  the  same  county,  has  only  had  three 
rectors  in  a  century,  viz.  the  Rev.  John  Cookson, 
who  was  presented  to  the  living  in  1760 ;  he  died 
in  1798,  and  was  succeeded  by  the  Rev.  Ambrose 
Serle,  on  whose  death,  in  1832,  the  Rev.  John 
Banister,  the  present  highly  esteemed  and  uni- 
versally respected  rector,  was  inducted  into  the 
living.  A  SUBSCRIBER. 

THE  ELECTRIC  TELEGRAPH  HALF  A  CENTURY 
AGO  (2nd  S.  ix.  26.)— In  reply  to  A.  A.,  I  beg  to 
say  that,  putting  aside  1he  anticipations  of  the 
electric  telegraph,  which  were  numerous  and 
curious,  Stephen  Gray,  a  pensioner  of  the  Charter 
House  in  1729,  made  electric  signals  through  a 
wire  765  feet  long,  suspended  by  silk  threads. 
Franklin's  experiments  (1748)  and  those  of  Ca- 
vallo  (1770)  left  electric  telegraphy  where  they 
found  it.  The  first  instrument  that  can  be  called 
a  telegraph  was  made  by  Mr.  J.  R.  Sharpe,  of 
Doe  Hill,  near  Alfreton,  in  1813.  This  employed 
the  newly  discovered  voltaic  electricity  ;  and  thus 
forms  an  epoch  in  the  art  of  electric  telegraphy. 
M.  Simmering,  also,  in  1814,  made  a  voltaic 
electric  telegraph.  In  the  mean  time,  however, 
the  experiments  of  Mr.  Ronalds,  near  Hammer- 
smith, had  been  commenced ;  and  in  1816,  that 
gentleman  constructed  his  telegraph,  which  was 
a  most  simple  and  ingenious  contrivance,  but -con- 
tained one  element  of  failure,  for  long  distances, 
viz.  the  employment  of  frictional  electricity.  To 
him,  however,  belongs  the  merit  of  some  of  the 
mechanical  details  adopted  in  modern  telegraphs.* 
He  was,  I  believe,  the  uncle  of  Dr.  Donaldson  of 
Cambridge.  CLAMMILD. 

Athenseum  Club. 


*  See   Descriptions  of  an   Electric  Telegraph,  and  of 
borne  other  Electrical  Apparatus.     8vo.  London.  1823. 


74 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  JAN.  28.  '60. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

Hamlet  by  William  Shakespeare,  1603;  Hamlet  by 
William  Shakespeare,  1604.  Being  exact  Reprints  of  the 
First  and  Second  Editions  of  Shakespeare's  Great  Drama 
from  ihe  very  rare  Originals  in  the  Possession  of  his  Grace 
the  Duke  of  Devonshire,  with  the  TWO  Texts  printed  on 

Eite  Pages,  and  so  arranged  that  the  Parallel  Passages 
'.ach  other.  And  a  Bibliographical  Preface,  l>y  Samuel 
nins.  (Sampson  Low.) 

It  may  be  a  question  whether  the  first  and  second  edi- 
tions of  Hamlet  are  most  to  be  prized  for  their  rarity  or 
their  literary  value,  as  illustrating  the  progress  of  the 
great  workman  by  whom  this  wondrous  drama  was 
fashioned.  The  forty  admirable  facsimiles  produced  by 
the  liberality  of  the  Duke  of  Devonshire,  under  the  super- 
intendence of  Mr.  J.  P.  Collier,  and  as  liberally  presented 
to  various  public  libraries  and  known  Shakspeare  stu- 
dents, served  apparently  but  to  stimulate  a  desire  on  the 
part  of  a  larger  public  'for  the  opportunity  of  comparing 
the  two  editions.  This  they  ai-e  now  enabled  to  do  in  a 
most  satisfactory  manner  for  fewer  pence  than  the  ori- 
ginals are  worth  pounds,  thanks  to  the  typographical 
skill  of  Mr.  Allen,  Jun.,  of  Birmingham,  and  to  the  edi- 
torial supervision  of  Mr.  Timmins. 

A.  History,  Military  and  Municipal,  of  the  Ancient 
Borough  of  Devizes,  and,  subordinately,  of  ihe  entire  Hun- 
dred of  Potterne  and  Cannings  in  which  it  is  included. 

This  is  obviously  the  work  of  a  Devizes  man,  and  in 
the  eyes  of  the  inhabitants  of  Devizes  we  doubt  not  it 
will  find  great  favour.  The  author  has  avoided  the  fault 
of  making  his  book  a  mere  mass  of  dry  names  and  dates, 
but  he  has  fallen  into  another  mistake,  that  of  not  con- 
fining his  book  to  the  proper  subject  of  it,  and  it  is 
almost  as  much  occupied  with  the  history  of  England 
generally  as  of  Devizes  in  particular.  This  will,  how- 
ever, make  the  History  of  Devizes  more  acceptable  to  the 
general  reader. 

An  Analysis  of  Ancient  Domestic  Architecture  m  Great 
Britain.  By  F.  T.  Dollman  and  J.  R.  Jobbins.  (Mas- 
ters.) 

The  examples  in  the  present  work  are  extremely  well 
chosen,  and  the  elevations  and  details  are  drawn  to  a 
larger  scale  than  usual,  with  a  view  to  supply  an  archi- 
tectural want  that  has  long  been  experienced  both  by 
students  and  professors.  The  work  bids  fair  to  be  one  of 
great  usefulness  to  all  who  are  interested  in  the  study  of 
our  ancient  domestic  architecture. 

Although  the  Quarterly  Review  just  issued  (No.  213.) 
contains  only  seven  articles,  it  will  be  found  a  varied  and 
amusing  number.  The  first  paper  on  The  Australian 
Colonies  and  the  Gold  Supply  is  obviously  written  by  one 
who  is  master  of  the  subject.  Cotton  Machines  and  their 
Inventors  is  an  interesting  sketch  of  the  rise  of  what  is 
now  one  of  our  most  important  branches  of  industry. 
China  and  the  War  gives  a  good  sketch  of  recent  pro- 
ceedings in  that  country,  and  of  the  course  to  be  pursued 
hereafter.  Religious  Revivals  is  a  temperate  and  well- 
considered  article.  The  Roman  Wall  in  Northumberland 
will  please  the  antiquary  and  scholar;  and  a  masterly 
sketch  of  the  Life  and  Works  of  Cowper  will  please  all 
readers.  The  last  article,  Reform  Schemes,  is  the  only 
really  political  article  in  The  Quarterly,  and  —  shall  we 
confess  the  truth  ?  — we  have  not  yet  read  it. 

BOOKS  RECEIVED — 

Brief  Sketches  of  Booterstown  and  Donnybrook.  By  the 
Rev.  B.  H.  Blacker.  (Herbert,  Dublin.) 

A  carefully  compiled  little  volume,  relating  briefly  the 
annals  of  the  Fair- renowned  Donnybrook. 


Memoirs,  Journal,  and  Correspondence  of  Thomas  Moore. 
Edited  and  abridged  from  the  First  Edition  by  the  Right 
Hon.  Lord  John  Russell.  People's  Edition.  To  be  com- 
pleted in  Ten  Parts.  (Longman  &  Co.) 

It  is  difficult  to  believe  that  cheap  publishing  can  go 
bej'ond  this — an  edition  of  Moore's  Memoirs  and  Journals* 
with  Eight  Portraits,  for  Ten  Shillings. 

Routledge's  Illustrated  Natural  History.  By  the  Rev. 
J.  G.  Wood.  (Routledge.) 

This  capital  popular  Natural  History  improves  as  it 
proceeds.  This  Tenth  Part  exceeds  in  beauty  and  in- 
terest any  of  those  which  have  preceded  it. 

DR.  HICKES'  MANUSCRIPTS. — 

A  painful  rumour  has  been  the  topic  of  conversation  in 
literary  circles  during  the  past  week.  It  appears  that 
three  large  chests  full  of  manuscripts,  left  by  the  cele- 
brated Dr.  George  Hickes,  the  deprived  Dean  of  Wor- 
cester, were  consigned  to  the  custody  of  his  bankers  after 
his  decease.  Owing  to  the  dissolution  of  the  firm,  the 
premises  have  been  lately  cleared  out,  and  the  whole  of 
these  valuable  documents  committed  to  the  flames  in  one 
of  the  furnaces  at  the  New  River  Head !  Here  is  a  loss, 
not  only  to  the  ecclesiastical  student  who  wishes  to  form 
an  impartial  judgment  on  the  history  of  the  English 
Church  at  the  eventful  period  of  the  Revolution  ;  but  of 
papers  illustrative  of  the  biographical  and  literary  history 
of  the  close  of  the  seventeenth  century.  For  it  is  well 
known  that  Dr.  Hickes  was  a  person  of  such  political, 
ecclesiastical,  and  literary  eminence  in  his  time,  that  he 
was  in  daily  correspondence  with  the  most  learned  men 
at  home  and  abroad.  It  is  melancholy  to  contemplate 
the  loss  literature  has  sustained  when  we  consider  that 
Dugdale,  Gibson,  Nioolson,  Elstob,  Robert  Harley,  Earl 
of  Oxford,  \^fcnle3%  Pepys,  Kettlewell,  Jeremy  Collier, 
Dodwell,  and  his  bosom  friend  the  pious  Robert  Nelson, 
were  among  his  correspondents.  Dr.  Hickes  died  on  Dec. 
15,  1715.  Mr.  Thomas  Bowdler  was  his  executor,  and  Mr. 
Annesley  the  overseer  of  his  will. 


BOOKS    AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO    PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentleman  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  name  and  address 
are  given  below. 

J.  J.  GRosLEy,  A  Toun  IN  LONDON,  &c.,  translated  from  the  French.    2 

Vols.  8vo.    1772. 

F.    A.  WENDEBORN,  VIEW  OP  ENGLAND   TOWARDS   THE   CLOSE   OF   THE 

18xH  CENTUKT,  translated  by  the  author  himself.    2  Vols.  8vo.  1 790-'J. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Jos.  Thorne,  11.  Forteaa  Terrace,  Kentish  town,  N.W. 


MUNCHACSEN'S  TRAVELS.  Mr.  Philips  will  find  no  less  than  seven  arti- 
cles on  this  subject  in  our  1st  Series. 

J.  H.  (Glasgow").  Has  not  our  correspondent  misunderstood  the  Arch- 
bishop, whose  remarks  refer  only  to  the  "first  edition  "  o/The  Directory. 

?    There  is  no  such  word  as  Paudite.    The  Gibsone  motto  is 
"  Pandite  cselestes  ports." 

H.  B.  It  has  never  been  satisfactorili/  shoivn  tliat  Richard  Baxter  was 
the  author  of  The  Heavy  Shove.  Our  correspondent  wishes  to  know  wJio 
was  the,  author  o/Salve  for  Sore  Eyes,  and  Pins  and  Needles  for  the  Un- 
godly. 

H.  B.  The  lines  on  London  Dissenting  Ministers  were  printed,  for  the 
first  time,  in  our  1st  S.  i.  454.  See  also  pp .  383.  445.  of  the  same  volume. 

F.  R.  S.  S.  A.  The  reference  is  to  the  University  of  Marburg,  a  town  of 
Hessen-Cassel  in  Germany.  We  believe  it  keeps  an  agency  in  London  J  or 
conferring  its  academical  honours. 

"NOTES  AND  QtjKniKs"  is  published  ctf  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  aho 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  /or 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  11s.  id.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  MESSRS.  BELL  AND  DALDY  ,186.  FLEET  STREET,  E.G.;  to  whom 
all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  THB  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


2nd  a  IX.  JAN.  28.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


UNITED   KINGDOM 

LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  LONDON, 


The  Funds  or  Property  of  the  Company  as  at  31st  Decem- 
ber, 1858,  amounted  to  652,618/.  3s.  10d.,  invested  in 
Government  or  other  approved  securities. 

THE  HON.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  ESQ.,  Deputy-Chairman. 

INVALID  LIVES. —  Persons  not  in  sound  health  may  have  their 
lives  insured  at  equitable  rates. 

ACCOMMODATION  IV  PAYMENT  OF  PREMIUMS.- Only  one- 
half  of  the  Annual  Premium,  when  the  Insurance  is  for  life,  is 
required  to  be  paid  for  the  first  five  years,  simple  interest  being 
charged  on  the  balance.  Such  arrangement  is  equivalent  TO  AN 

without  the  borrower  having  recourse  to  the  unpleasant  neces- 
sity of  procuring  Sureties,  or  assigning  and  thereby  parting  with  his 
Policy,  during  the  currency  of  the  Loan,  irrespective  of  the  great 
attendant  expenses  in  such  arrangements. 

The  above  mode  of  insurance  has  been  found  most  advantageous 
when  Policies  have  been  required  to  cover  monetary  transac- 
tions, or  when  incomes  applicable  for  Insurance  are  at  present 
limited,  as  it  only  necessitates  half  the  outlay  formerly  required 
by  other  Companies  before  the  present  system  was  instituted  by 
this  Office. 
LOANS  —  are  granted  likewise  on  real  and  personal  Securities. 

Forms  of  Proposal  and  every  information  afforded  on  application 
to  the  Resident  Director, 

8.  Waterloo  Place,  Pall  Mall,  London,  S.W. 
By  order, 

E.  LENNOX  BOYD,  Resident  Director. 

WESTERN    LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 
ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON, S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1842. 


H.  E.  Bicknell,Esq. 
T.  8.  Cocks,  Esq. 


Directors. 

E.  Lucas,  Esq. 

F.  B.  Marson,  Esq. 
A.  Robinson,  Esq. 
J.L.Seager,EsQ. 
J.B.  White,  EBQ.. 


G.  H.  Drew,  Esq.  M.A. 
W.  Freeman,  Esq. 
F.  Fuller, EiQ,. 
J.H.Ooodhart.EsQ. 

Physician.— W.  R.  Basham,  M.D. 
s — Messrs.  Cocks,  Biddnlph.andCo. 


A  ctuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  this  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  paying  a  Premium,  as  permission  is  given  upon 
application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  the  con- 
ditions Detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 
LOANS  from  100Z.  to  500Z.  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 

Attention  is  also  invited  to  i*e  rates  of  annuity  granted  to  old  lives, 
for  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 
Example :  100Z.  cash  paid  down  pur  chases— An  annuity  of — 
£  s.  d. 
lo   4   o  to  a  male  life  aged  60) 

„  65 (Payable  as  long 


12    3    1 

14  16    3 
18  11  10 


as  he  is  alive. 


Now  ready,  10th  Edition,  price  7s.  Gd.,  of 

MR.     SCRATCHLEY'S     MANUAL,     on 

FRIENDLY  SOCIETIES,  with  RULES,  TABLES,  and  an  EXPO- 
SITION of  the  TRUE  LAW  OF  SICKNESS. 

SHAW  *  SONS,  Fetter  Lane  ;  and  LAYTONS,  150.  Fleet  Street,  E.G. 


TNTRODUCER    OF  THE    SOUTH    AFRICAN 

.1  PORT,  SHERRY,  &c.,  20s.  per  dozen,  BOTTLES  INCLUDED, 
an  advantage  greatly  appreciated  by  the  Public  and  a  constantly  in- 
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dozen. 

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cheques  "  Bank  of  London."    Price  Lists  forwarded  on  application. 

JAMES  L.  DENMAN,  05.  Fenchurch  Street.corner  of  Railway  Place, 
London,  E.C. 


ACHROMATIC  MICROSCOPES.  —  SMITH, 
BECK  &  BECK,  MANUFACTURING  OPTICIANS,  6.  Cole- 
man  Street,  London,  E.C.  have  received  the  COUNCIL  MEDAL  of 
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Copy  Address,  PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS, 
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PATENT    STARCH, 
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AND  PRONOUNCED  BV  HER  MAJESTY'S  LAUNDRESS,  TO  an 
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Sold  by  all  Chandlers,  Grocers,  me.  &c. 
WOTHERSPOON  &  CO.,  GI.ASOOW  &  LONDON. 


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Preferred  to  the  best  Arrowroot. 

DELICIOCS  in  PUDDTNOS,  CUSTARDS,  BLANCMANGE,  CAKE,  &c., 
and  especially  suited  to  the  delicacy  of 

CHILDREN  AND  INVALIDS. 
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Obtain  it  where  inferior  articles  are  not  substituted, 

From  Grocers,  Chemists,  Confectioners,  and  Corn  Dealers. 

PAISLEY,  DUBLIN,  MANCHESTER,  and  LONDON. 


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ordinary production*  of  modern  chemistry." — Illustrated  London  News, 
July  19,  1851. 

A  long  and  interesting  report  on  the  Products  of  E.  F.  Langdale's 
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Lancet,  will  be  found  in  that  Journal  of  Saturday,  January  10th,  1857. 
A  Copy  will  be  forwarded  for  Two  Stamps. 

AGENTS    WANTED. 


PIESSE  &"LUBINS'3  HUNGARY  WATER. 
This  Scent  stimulates  the  Memory  and  invigorates  the 

Brain. 

2s.  bottle  ;  10s.  Case  of  Six. 

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HPHE  AQUARIUM.— LLOYD'S  DESCRIPTIVE 

1    and  ILLUSTRATED  LIST  of  whatever  relates  to  toe  AQUA- 
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rice  Is. ;  or  by  Post  for  Fourteen  Stamps.    128 


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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  JAN.  28.  '60. 


SIMPKIN,  MARSHALL,  &  CO.'S 

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SATURDAY,  FEBRUARY  4.  1860. 


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On  1st  December,  price  1*.,  No.  LXXXVI.  N.  S.,  (O.  S.  No.  CLXX.) 

T1HE  ECCLESIASTIC. 

CONTENTS : — 

Theology  of  the  Kirk  of  Scotland  _  Galton's  Lectures  on  the  Book  of 
Revelation  —  Rawlinson's  Bampton  Lectures  (continued)  —  Natural 
Science  and  Theological  Science  —  Reviews  and  Notices  —  Note  on  the 
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THE  ECCLESIOLOGIST  for  FEBRUARY,    No. 
LXXXVI.    Price  Is.  Bd. 

CONTENTS : 

Ecclesiastical  Vestments,  &c.,  of  King's  College,  Cambridge.  No.  II. 
Furniture  and  Ornaments — Some  Notes  of  a  Tour  in  Germany.  No. 

IV — A  Miracle  Play  of  the  Twelfth   Century Sequentiae  Ineditae. 

No.  XXII.-The  Churches  of  North-west  Essex.-KUmore  Cathedral 
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NOTES:  — The  Lion  in  Greece  —  Shakspeare  and   Henry 

"Willobie  — Amesbury  — Life  of  Mrs.  Sherwood:  Fictitious 

Pedigrees  of  Mr.  Spence. 
MINOR  NOTES:  — Henry  VI.  and  Edward  IV.  —  Mariner's 

Compass  —  "  Walk  your  Chalks"  —  Malsh— The  a-Becket 

Family  —  Lord  Nelson  and  Lady  Hamilton. 

QUERIES:  —  Radicals  in  European  Languages  —  Church 
Chests  — Rifle  Pits  —  Classical  Claqueurs  at  Theatres  — 
"Thinks  I  to  Myself"— Hooper  — Ballad  against  Inclo- 
sures— Robert  Keith  — Baptismal  Font  in  Breda  Cathe- 
dral: Dutch-born  Citizens  of  England— "  Antiquitates 
Britannicse  et  Hibernicse  "  —Noah's  Ark  —  British  Society 
of  Dilettanti  —  Acrostic  —  Henry  VII.  at  Lincoln  in  1486 
—  Rev.  John  Genest  *—  Hotspur  —  Henry  Constantine 
Jennings—  Pye-Wype. 

QTT FRIES  •WITH  ANSWERS:  — "Put  into  Ship-shape"  — 
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ages, &c.  of  Captain  Richard  Falconer"  — MS.  Literary 
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phical Excursion. 

REPLIE  S  : — Archiepiscopal  Mitre  —  Bunyan  Pedigree  — 
Donnellan  Lectures  —  The  "  Incident  in  the  '15 ' "  — 
Dr.  Shelton  Mackenzie  — Hymns  — Song  of  the  Doug- 
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Sympathetic  Snails  —  Scotch  Clergy  deprived  in  1689— 
Curious  Marriage  —  Holding  up  the  Hand—  Derivation  of 
Rip,  a  Rake  or  Libertine—"  My  Eye  and  Betty  Martin"— 
Nathaniel  Ward  —  Family  of  Constantine—  King  James's 
Hounds  — Longevity  of  Clerical  Incumbents  •—  The  Elec- 
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75 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  FEBRUARY  4.  1800. 


N».  214.  — CONTENTS. 

NOTES:— Philip  Rubens,  the  Brother  of  Sir  Peter  Paul 
Rubens,  75  —  Gowrie  Conspiracy,  76  —  Firelock  and  Bayo- 
net Exercise,  Ib.  —  St.  Thomas  Cantilupe,  Bishop  of  Here- 
ford, 77. 

MINOR  NOTES  :  —  What's  in  a  Name  —  Fish,  called  Sprot  — 
Elizabeth  Blackwell,  M.D.  —  Singhalese  Folk-lore— <?  Could 
we  with  ink  the  ocean  fill  "  —  Vise,  Vised,  Viseed,;Visaed— 
Leighton's  Pulpit,  78. 

QUERIES :  —  A  Jew  Jesuit,  79  —  Mob  Cap  —  Naval  Ballad 

—  "  Frederic  Latimer  "  —  Scottish  College  at  Paris  —  Trea- 
surie  of  Sirnilies  —  Arms  —  Inscription  —  John  Ffishwick 

—  Versiera —  The  Sea  Serjeants  —  The  Label  in  Heraldry 
—Michael  Angelo  —Thomas  Sydenham  —  Rev.  Christopher 
Chilcott,  M.A.  —  " Bregis,"  &c.  —  John  Du  Quesne—  ''The 
Black  List "  —  Meuce  Family  —  Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs  — 
Dinner  Etiquette  —  Sir  Eustace  or  Sir  Estus  Smith,  79. 

QUEBIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  — Matthew  Scrivener  —  King 
David's  Mother  —  The  Butler  of  Burf ord  Priory  —  Monkey 

—  Samuel  Bayes  —  Crinoline :   Plon-Plon  —  Neck  Verse, 
&c.  —Herald  quoted  by  Leland,82. 

REPLIES:  — The  Hyperboreans  in  Italy,  84  —  Drummond 
of  Colquhalzie,  Ib.— Patron  Saints,  85  — Bishops  Elect,  Ib. 
— Macaulay  Family,  86  — The  Young  Pretender  in  Eng- 
land, Ib.—  Breeches  Bible— Bacon  on  Conversation  — 
Dr.  Dan.  Featly  —  Poems  by  Burns  —  Destruction  of  MSS. 

—  Origin  of  '*  Cockney  "  —  Sir  John    Danvers  —  Familiar 
Epistles  on  the  Irish  Stage— Folk-lore  — Rev.  William 
Duukin,  D.D.  —  Sana-Culottes  —  James  Anderson,  D.D.  — 
Henry  Lord  Power  —  This  Day  Eight  Days  —  Refreshment 
for  Clergymen  —  Lever  —  " Modern  Slang,"  &c.  —  "The 
Load  of  Mischief"  — Bazels  of  Baiae  — Samuel  Daniel  — 

—  Mince  Pies  —  Stakes  fastened  together  with  Lead  as  a 
Defence  —  Trepasser— Supervisor  —  Hymns  for  the  Holy 
Communion  —  Oliver   Goldsmith  —  The  Prussian    Iron 
Medal  —  The  Oath  of  Vargas,  &c.,  87, 


PHILIP  RUBENS, 

THE  BROTHER  OF  SIR  PETER  PAUL  RUBENS. 

Philip,  the  third  son  of  John  Rubens  and  Maria 
Pijpelincx*,  was  born  at  Cologne  (v.  Kal.  May, 
1574),  to  which  place  his  parents  had  fled  from 
their  native  city  of  Antwerp.  The  father  himself, 
a  man  of  great  erudition,  took  upon  himself  the 
education  of  his  son  Philip  at  home,  until  the  boy 
had  arrived  at  the  age  of  twelve,  when  he  closed 
a  life  of  usefulness.  The  widow,  with  her  chil- 
dren, returned  to  Antwerp ;  and  Philip,  having 
finished  his  studies,  entered  the  service  of  Joannes 
Richardotus,  President  of  the  Council,  as  his  secre- 
tary, and  was  entrusted  with  the  education  of  his 
two  sons,  William  and  Antony.  He  became  after- 
wards the  disciple  and  friend  of  the  learned  Jus- 
tus Lipsius,  and  travelled  into  Italy  with  one  of 
the  sons  of  his  first  patron,  Richardotus.  He  re- 
turned thence  1604.  'It  appears,  moreover,  that 
at  one  period  he  accepted  the  position  of  librarian 
to  the  Cardinal  Ascanius  Colonna.  The  Duke  of 
Tuscany  also  invited  his  services,  but  being  sum- 
moned by  the  senate  of  Antwerp  to  become  their 
secretary,  he  returned  to  the  city  of  his  ancestors. 
Anno  1608,  on  the  9th  of  October,  his  mother  de- 
Query,  which  is  the  correct  orthography  of  this  sur- 
name, Pypelincx,  or  Pijpelincx? 


parted  from    the  world,  having   completed   the 
seventieth  year  of  her  age. 

Philip  wedded  the  youngest  of  the  three  daugh- 
ters of  Henricus  de  Moy,  who,  within  a  year  of 
their  marriage,  presented  him  with  a  daughter, 
whose  name  we  learn  from  the  monument  was 
Clara.  But  in  the  flower  of  his  age,  and  arrived 
at  the  summit  of  his  ambition,  being  seized  with 
a  deadly  fever,  on  the  v.  Kal.  Sept.  1611,  he  was 
snatched  from  his  sorrowing  friends  and  compa- 
triots, leaving  his  brother,  the  great  painter,  the 
only  surviving  child  of  seven. 

Within  two  days,  his  remains  were  committed 
to  the  earth  in  the  church  of  St.  Michael. 

Shortly  after  (pridie  Id.  Septemb.),  his  widow 
gave  birth  to  a  son,  to  whom  Nicolaus  Rokoxius 
stood  sponsor,  and  gave  him  at  the  font  the  name 
of  his  father. 

In  memory  of  her  husband,  she  erected  a  monu- 
ment with  this  inscription,  the  wording  of  which 
is  alleged  to  be  from  the  pen  of  Sir  Peter  Paul 
Rubens,  the  force  of  which  would  be  marred  by 
any  translation  :  — 

"  PHILLIPPO  RUBENIO,  I.  C. 

Joannis  civis  et  senatoris  Antverp:  F. 

Magni  Lipsi  Discipulo  et  Alumno 

Cujus  doctrinam  paene  assecutus, 

Modestiam  feliciter  adaequavit : 

Bruxellae  Prassidi  Richardoto, 

Romas  Ascanio  Cardinali  columnar, 

Ab  Epistolis,  et  studiis, 

S.  P.  Q.  Antverpiensi  a  secretis. 

Abiit,  non  obiit,  virtute  et  scriptis  sibi  superstes, 

V.  Kal.  Septemb.  Anno  Christi  MDCXI.  astat.  xxxix. 

Marito  bene  merenti  Maria  de  Moy, 

Duum  ex  illo  liberorum  Claras  et  Philippi  mater, 

Propter  illius  ejusque  matris  Mariaa  Pijpelincx  sepulchrura , 

Hoc  moeroris  et  amoris  sui  monumeutum  P.  C. 

Bonis  viator  bene  precare  manibus : 

Et  cogita,  praeivit  ille,  mox  sequar." 

Upon  his  decease,"  Joannes  Noverus  addressed 
to  his  brother  a  long  epistle  of  condolence,  which 
commences  thus :  — 

"  Quod  in  luctu  summum  est  Petre  Paulle  V.  amicis- 
sime  ad  nobis  indenuntiato  hoc  casu  fratris  tui  luctuos- 
sima  scilicet  in  morte  evenisse,  merito  in  cselum  sublatis 
testamur  suspiriis,"  etc. 

Various  of  his  friends  and  admirers  wrote  elegies 
upon  his  death.  One,  addresssed  "  Ad  eximium 
virum  Petrum  Paulluin  super  obitu  fratris  ejus 
Phillipi  Rubeni,"  I  suspect  to  be  from  the  pen  of 
one  of  the  Brant  family.  The  concluding  lines  of 
one  of  these  elegiac  compositions,  by  Laurentius 
Beyerlinck,  makes  an  elegant  allusion  to  the 
;alents  of  the  great  painter  :  — - • 
"  Fac  etiam  ut  fratris  frater  post  fata  superstes, 

CEmula  cui  caelo  dextera,  mensque  data  est ; 

Qua  poterit,  certa  sellers  arte  exprimat  ora, 

Et  frater  fratris  vivat  in  effigie 

Dumque  hie  arte  sua,  superestque  in  imagine  Frater 

Alteri  ab  alterius  munere  surget  honos." 

The  undermentioned  letters,  Avritten  by  Philip 
;o  his  brother  Peter  Paul,  would  have  made  an 


76 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  FEB.  4.  '60. 


important  augmentation  to  the  recently  published 
Rubens'  Papers,  viz.  one  dated  "  Louanii  xii.  Kal. 
Jun.  MDCI.,"  commencing :  "  Ann  us  est  mi  frater 
cum  Italia  te  abduxit,"  etc.  Another  from  the 
same  to  the  same,  dated  "  Patavii  Idib.  Dec. 
MDCI.,"  beginning:  "Prima  votorum  Italian!  vi- 
dere,"  etc.  Another  from  the  same  to  the  same, 
dated  "  Patavii  Idibus  quintil.  MDCII.,"  which  com- 
mences thus  :  "  Fabulam  narras  vei  potius  agis 
mi  frater,"  etc. 

Philip  was  the  author  of  some  pieces  addressed 
to  his  brother :  one,  a  kind  of  epithalamium,  with 
this  heading,  "  Petro  Paullo  Rubenio  Fratri  suo 
et  Isabellas  Brantiae  nuptiale  fcedus  animo  et  stilo 
gratulatur."  Another  dedicated  "  Ad  Petrum 
Paullum  Rubenium,  navigantem,"  sent  to  him 
"  three  years  since  (as  he  mentions),  when  he  went 
into  Italy  out  of  Spain." 

I  would  by  way  of  Query  inquire  the  date  of 
this  paper,  as  I  find  no  mention  of  the  great  ar- 
tist being  in  Spain  at  so  early  a  period.  To 
conclude,  I  cannot  refrain  from  adding  the  flat- 
tering testimonial  given  to  him  by  that  prince  of 
scholars  Justus  Lipsius :  — 

"  Omnis  ordo, 
Quisquis  haec  leges. 

Ex  fide  et  vero  scies  scripta.  Philippam  Rubenium  domo 
Antverpia,  annos  P.  M.  quatuor  in  domo  et  contubernio 
meo  egisse,  mensae  participem,  serrnonis  et  disciplinae. 
Probitatem  a  natura  et  modestiam  attulisse,  item  semina 
aliqua  doctrinse,  quae  immane  quantum  in  spatio  illo 
brevi  auxit :  LatinS,  et  Graeca  literatura  promptus,  utrave 
orationis  sive  scriptione  disertus,  soluta  et  nexa.  His- 
torias  et  antiquitatem  addidit  et  quicquid  boni  bonitate  et 
celeritate  ingenii  hausit,  judicio  direxit.  Adeo  supra  rem 
nihil  adstruo,  ut  pro  re  non  dicam.  Vis  fidem  ?  experire 
et  sub  modestiae  illo  velo,  sed  paulatim  relege,  quae  dixi 
et  quae  non  dixi.  0  vos  quibus  virtus  et  honor  curse, 
carum  hunc  habete,  producite,  applaudite:  ita  utraque 
ilia  vos  respiciant,  et  hunc  Fortuna,  qua?  pro  meritis  non- 
dum  risit.  Scripsi  et  signavi 

"  JUSTUS  LIPSIUS,  Professor  et  His- 
toriographus  Regius  Lovanii,  xv. 
Kal.  Oct.  MDCI." 

CL.  HOPPER. 


GOWRIE  CONSPIRACY. 

On  looking  into  the  alleged  letters  of  Logan  of 
Restalrig,  as  they  were  for  the  first  time  correctly 
given  in  Mr.  Pitcairn's  Criminal  Trials  (Part  u. 
vol.  ii.),  there  are  some  things  not  easy  to  be  re- 
conciled with  their  genuineness.  One  of  them 
bears  to  be  dated  at  Fastcastle,  which  is  in  Ber- 
wickshire, upwards  of  forty  miles  from  Edin- 
burgh ;  and  though  the  name  is  not  given  of  the 
party  to  whom  it  was  sent,  that  party  was  evi- 
dently Alexander  Ruthven,  the  Earl  of  Gowrie's 
brother.  It  contains  this  passage  :  — 

"  Qhen  ye  hav  red,  send  this  my  letter  bak  agane  with 
ye  berar,  that  I  may  se  it  brunt  myself,  for  sa  is  the 
fasson  in  sik  errandis,  and  if  ye  please,  vryt  yowr  an- 
swer on  the  bak  hereof  in  case  ye  vill  tak  my  vord  for 
the  credit  of  the  berar." 


It  is  added  afterwards :  "  For  Godds  cause 
keep  all  things  very  secret." 

This  letter,  it  is  professed,  was  sent  by  the  per- 
son called  "  Laird  Bour,"  Logan's  confidential 
servant ;  and  on  the  very  day  of  its  date  in  Ber- 
wickshire, appears  another  letter  from  Logan  to 
Bour  himself,  committing  the  other  to  his  charge, 
and  dated  from  the  Canongate  of  Edinburgh.  This 
last  apparent  incongruity  may  possibly  admit  of 
explanation,  though  it  is  not  easy  to  see  how  ; 
but,  letting  that  pass,  there  remains  to  be  ex- 
plained — 

1.  How  came  Logan  either  to  trust  the  letter 
to  Bour,  and  much  more,  how  came  he  to  write 
to  him,  when  the  indictment  itself  bears  (see  p. 
280.   of  the   volume),    that   Bour  was  literarum 
prorsus  ignarus,  confirmed  by  what  is  afterwards 
said  of  Bour  on   p.   257.,    "  he   could  not  read 
himself." 

2.  Is  it  at  all  probable  that,  after  the  death  of 
the  Earl  of  Gowrie  and  his  brother,  Logan,  who  is 
represented  as  so  anxious  to  destroy  the  letter 
immediately  after  it  had  served  its  purpose,  should 
not  have  done  so  without  at  least  any  farther  de- 
lay, seeing  the  risk  he  personally  ran  by  its  pre- 
servation ;  yet  — 

3.  Not  only  does  he  not  appear  to  have  looked 
after  it,  but  to  have  allowed  this  confidential  ser- 
vant, Mr.  Bour,  to  take  it  (without  returning  it 
to  himself)  to   Sprot  the  notary,  in  order  that 
Sprot  might  decipher  it  for  Bour's  information ; 
and  — 

4.  Logan  lived  six  years  afterwards,   and  al- 
lowed Sprot  to  keep  possession  of  it  all  along. 

Some  of  your  readers,  who  take  an  interest  in 
this  mysterious  subject,  may  perhaps  be  able  to 
find  a  clue  for  unravelling  this  piece,  so  as  to  put 
it  in  keeping  with  King  James's  account  of  the 
business.  G.  J. 


FIRELOCK  AND  BAYONET  EXERCISE. 

At  a  time  when  the  rifle  and  sword-bayonet 
have  caused  the  introduction  of  new  evolutions  in 
France,  and  will,  I  have  no  doubt,  ultimately 
work  a  revolution  in  our  own  army,  your  mili- 
tary readers  may  be  interested  by  the  following 
document  found  amongst  a  mass  of  papers  con- 
nected with  the  army  in  Ireland  in  the  seven- 
teenth and  early  part  of  the  eighteenth  centuries, 
preserved  in  the  Ormonde  Muniment  Room  at  Kil- 
kenny Castle.  JAMES  GRAVES,  A.B. 

Kilkenny. 

THE  EXERCISE  OF  THE  FIRELOCK  AND  BAYONETT. 

Words  of  Comand. 

TAKE  CARE. 

1.  Joyne  your  Right  hand   to  y 
Firelocks          -  -          "  -  I. 

2.  Poise  your  Firelocks     -  -  1. 

3.  Joyne*yor  left  hand  to  yor  Fire- 
locks -  -    -        -I. 


2«"»  S.  IX.  FKB.  4.  'GO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


rk 

3. 
4. 
5. 
6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 
10. 
11. 
'  8. 

9. 
10. 

11. 
12. 

13. 
14. 
15. 
16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 
21. 
22. 
23. 
24. 
25. 
26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 
30. 
31. 
32. 
33. 
37. 
38. 
39. 
40. 
41. 
42. 
43. 
44. 
45. 
46. 


Cock  your  Firelocks      -  -  1. 

Present              -            -  -  1. 

Fire       -            -            -  -  1. 

Recover  your  Armes     -  -  1. 

Handle  your  slings        -  -  1. 

Sling  your  Firelocks     -  -  1. 

Handle  your  Matches   -  -  1. 

Handle  your  Granades  -  1. 

Open  your  Fuse  •   1. 

Guard  your  Fuse           -  -  1. 

Blow  your  Matches       -  -   1. 
Fire  &  throw  yor  Granades       -  1. 

Returne  your  Matches]-  -  1. 

Handle  your  Slings     '-  -  1. 

Poise  your  Firelocks     -  -  1. 

Rest  upon  your  Armes  -  1. 

Draw  your  Bayonetts  ••  1. 
Screw  your    Bayonetts  on  ye 

Muskett           -            -  -  1. 

Rest  3'our  Bayonetts     -  -  1. 
Charge  your  Bayonetts  breast 

high     -            -            -  -  1. 

Push  yor  Bayonetts      -  -  1. 

Recover  your  Armes    -  -  1. 

Rest  upon  your  Armes  -  1. 

Unscrew  your  Bayonetts  -  1. 

Returne  your  Bayonetts  -  1. 

Half  cock  your  Firelocks  -  1. 

Blow  your  Pans            -  -  1. 

Handle  your  Primers  -  -  1. 

Prime               -            -  -  1. 

Shut  your  Pans            -  -  1. 

Cart  about  to  Charge  -  1. 

Handle  your  Cartridges  -  1. 

Open  your  Cartridges  -  1. 

Charge  \vth  Cartridge  -  -  1. 

Draw  forth  your  Ramers  -  1. 

Hold  them  up   -             -  -  1 . 
Shorten  them  against  your  brest   1. 

Put  them  in  ye  Barrills  -  1. 

Ram  downe  your  charge  -  1. 

Recover  your  Ramers    -  -   1. 

Hold  them  up  -            -  -  1. 

Poise  your  Firelocks      -  -  1. 

Shoulder  your  Firelocks  -  1. 

Rest  your  Firelocks      -  -  1. 

Order  your  Armes        -  -  1. 

Ground  your  Armes      -  -  1. 

Take  up  your  Armes    -  -  1. 

Rest  your  Firelocks       -  -  1. 

Club  your  Firelocks      -  -  1. 

Rest  your  Firelocks      -  -  1. 

Shoulder                       -  -  1. 
"This  is  y«  Exercise  that  was 

Flanders    bv  Liev*.  General 

170|." 


ST.  THOMAS  CANTILUPE,  BISHOP  OF 
HEREFORD. 

The  learned  Alban  Butler  asserts  that  St. 
Thomas  of  Hereford  was  born  in  Lancashire. 
He  gives  no  authority  for  the  assertion.  Can 
any  of  your  readers  tell  me  if  it  rests  on  any 
foundation  ?  The  point  is  apparently  trivial ;  but 
it  is,  nevertheless,  interesting  to  thousands  of 
Roman  Catholics,  at  least  the  Catholics  of  Lan- 
cashire, reverencing  him  as  they  do  as  a  canonised 
saint;  and,  indeed,  is  not  devoid  of  interest  to 


any  Englishman,  who  must  regard  this  holy  bishop 
as  one  of  the  bright  stars  of  the  English  eccle- 
siastical firmament. 

In  my  opinion,  there  is  not  the  slightest  founda- 
tion for  this  assertion.  In  consulting  Dugdale's 
Baronage,  I  find  that  the  principal  residence  of 
the  noble  family  of  Cantilupe  was  at  Kenilworth. 
William,  the  first  Lord  Cantilupe,  grandfather  of 
St.  Thomas,  was  appointed  Governor  of  the 
Castle  of  Kenilworth,  in  Warwickshire,  which, 
says  Dugdale,  was  "  his  chief  residence."  He  also 
received  from  King  Henry  III.  the  confirmation 
of  the  manor  of  Aston,  in  the  same  county,  and 
called  from  the  name  of  the  family  Aston  Canti- 
lupe, now  Aston  Cantlow.  His  son  William,  the 
father  of  the  saint,  succeeded  to  his  sire's  posses- 
sions, embracing  property  in  various  counties ; 
but  there  is  not  the  least  trace  of  any  connexion 
witlrLancashire,  either  by  landed  property,  or  by 
personal  residence  of  St.  Thomas's  parents.  On 
the  contrary,  as  to  the  father,  his  movements 
were  in  a  contrary  direction.  Having  executed 
the  office  of  sheriff  for  the  counties  of  Nottingham 
and  Derby,  he  had  summons  (26  Hen.  III.)  "to 
fit  himself  with  horse  and  arms,  and  to  attend  the 
king  in  his  purposed  expedition  "  against  France. 
(Baronage,  p.  732.)  In  28  Hen.  III.  "  he  was 
one  of  the  Peers  sent  by  the  King  to  the  Prelates 
to  solicit  their  aid  for  money  in  support  of  his 
wars  in  Gascoigne  and  Wales."  In  the  next 
year  he  was  sent  as  the  representative  of  England 
to  the  first  General  Council  of  Lyons,  1245.  In 
fine  I  cannot  discover  anything  whatever  that 
connects  him  with  Lancashire.  As  to  his  mother, 
also,  there  could  be  nothing  which  would  require 
her  presence  in  that  county.  She  was  a  French 
lady,  previously  a  widow — Milisent,  Countess  of 
Evreux.  St.  Thomas,  then,  was  most  probably 
born  at  Kenilworth,  or  Aston  Cantilupe,  and  was 
consequently  a  Warwickshire  man. 

At  the  same  time,  I  think  I  can  detect  the  origin 
of  the  error.  Thomas,  Earl  of  Lancaster,  was  on 
the  22nd  of  March,  1322,  beheaded  at  Pontefract 
for  high  treason  and  rebellion.  After  his  death, 
an  extraordinary  idea  of  his  sanctity  prevailed  in 
the  northern  counties  :  so  much  so  that  a  guild 
was  dedicated  in  his  name,  called  "  Gilda  Beati 
Thomae  Lancastriensis  ; "  a  stone  cross  was  erected 
on  the  hill  where  he  was  executed,  which  was  so 
frequented  by  pilgrims  from  the  neighbouring 
parts  that  Edward  II.  commanded  Hugh  Spencer 
and  a  band  of  Gascoignes  to  station  themselves 
on  its  summit,  "  to  the  end  that  no  people  should 
come  and  make  their  praiers  there  in  worship  of 
the  said  Earle,  whom  they  took  verilie  for  a 
martyr."  However,  as  this  "  St.  Thomas  of  Lan- 
caster "  WHS  an  unrecognised  saint,  the  fame  of 
his  sanctity  gradually  died  away  ;  but  as  there 
was  another  St.  Thomas,  a  real  canonised  saint, 
the  date  of  whose  canonisation,  1319,  moreover, 


78 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  FKB.  4.  '60. 


nearly  coincided  with  the  execution  of  the  Earl 
in  1322,  the  popular  tradition  confounded  one 
Thomas  with  the  other,  and  St.  Thomas  of  Here- 
ford was  in  the  ideas  of  the  northerns  St.  Thomas 
of  Lancaster.  I  give  this  as  merely  my  own 
speculation. 

Perhaps  it  may  be  appropriate  in  conclusion  to 
quote  the  words  of  Edward  I.  in  his  first  letter 
to  the  Pope,  urging  the  canonisation  of  Thomas. 
He  thus  describes  his  character  :  — 

"  Thomas,  dictus  de  Cantilupo,  Ecclesire  quondam 
Herefordensis  Antistes,  qui  nobili  exortus  prosapia,  dum 
carnis  clausus  carcere  tenebatur,  pauper  spiritu,  mente 
mitis,  justitiam  sitiens,  misericordiaa  deditus,  mundus 
corde,  vere  pacificus."  (Rymer,  ii.  972.) , 

He  then  proceeds  to  speak  of  the  miracles 
performed.  This  was  written  in  1305;  but  it 
was  not  till  after  repeated  appeals  to  Rome  by 
Edward  II.,  which  may  be  seen  in  Rymer,  vol. 
iii.,  that  the  desired  canonisation  was  obtained, 
to  the  great  joy  of  the  English  Church  and 
nation.  JOHN  WILLIAMS, 

Arno's  Court. 


WHAT'S  IN  A  NAME.  —  The  following  anec- 
dote shows  how  the  French  laugh  at  the  Re- 
publican ideal,  and  if  not  true,  is  at  least  ben 
trovato :  — 

Under  the  Republique  Franchise  the  titles  of 
nobility  were  of  course  abolished  with  the  prefix 
du  or  de ;  farther,  the  saints  were  abolished ; 
farther,  the  names  of  the  months  were  abolished. 
Figurez-vous  the  arrival  of  a  French  nobleman, 
well  disposed  to  the  government  of  the  day,  at  the 
bureau  for  some  certificate  or  .other  document; 
the  following  colloquy  ensues  :  —  OFFICIAL. 
"  What  name  P  " —  GENTLEMAN.  "  Monsieur  le 
Comte  du  Saint  Janvier ! "  OFF.  "  Quoi  ?  "—Re- 
petition.— OFF.  "  No  Monsieur  now."  — •  GENT. 
"  Well,  le  Comte  du  Saint  Janvier"  —  OFF. 
(wrathfully)  "  No  counts."  —GENT.  "Pardon; 
du  Saint  Janvier."  —  OFF.  "  Sacre  bleu,  no  dus. 
GENT.  "  Saint  Janvier."  —  OFF.  (with  a  roar) 
"No  saints  here!  "-—GENT,  (wishing  to  be  con- 
ciliatory) "  Citoyen  Janvier"  —  OFF.  "Look  at 
ordonnance,  cy  no  Janvier  now." — GENT.  "  Mais, 
must  have  a  name ;  what  shall  I  call  myself."  — 
OFF.  "  'Cre  nom.  Citoyen  Nivoise  !  "  —  grand 
crash. — Liberte,  Egalite,  Fraternite. 

C.  D.,  LAMONT. 

FISH,  CALLED  SPROT.— The  following  Note  may 
be  interesting  :  — 

"  26s-  8<*«  received  from  four  London  boats,  called  'Stale- 
botes '  fishing  in  the  waters  of  Thames  for  Fish  called 
'  Sprot '  between  the  aforesaid  Tower  and  the  Sea  from 
Michaelmas  in  the  2nd  year  to  Michaelmas  in  the  3rd  year 
of  King  Edward  2nd  for  one  year  during  the  season,  to 
wit,  of  each  boat  6s.  8d.  by  ancient  custom  belonging  to 
the  aforesaid  Tower."  — Accounts  of  John  de  Crumbewell, 


late  Constable  of  the  Toiver  of  London.     Brit.  Mus.  Add. 
MS.  15,664.  f.  164b. 

"  Also  2^-  each  from  Pilgrims  coming  to  S.  James's 
(supra  muros,  at  what  is  now  called  Cripplegate)." 

ELIZABETH  BLACKWELL,  M.D. — This  lady  is 
not  the  first  instance  of  a  female  taking  a  medical 
degree,  for  we  read  of —  "  A  famous  young  woman 
at  Venice,  of  the  noble  family  of  Cornaras,  that 
spoke  five  tongues  well,  of  which  the  Latin  and 
Greek  were  two.  She  passed  Doctour  of  Physick 
att  Padua,  according  to  the  ordinary  forms,  and 
was  a  person  of  extraordinary  virtue  and  piety." 

CL.  HOPPER. 

SINGHALESE  FOLK  LORE. — The  following  bit  of 
Singhalese  folk  lore  deserves  a  place  in  your 
columns :  — 

"  The  Singhalese  have  the  impression  that  the  re- 
mains of  a  monkey  are  never  found  in  the  forest:  a  be- 
lief which  they  have  embodied  in  the  proverb,  that  '  he 
who  has  seen  a  white  crow,  the  nest  of  a  paddy  bird,  a 
straight  coco-nut  tree,  or  a  dead  monkey,  is  certain  to 
live  for  ever.'  This  piece  of  folk  lore  has  evidently 
reached  Ceylon  from  India,  \srhere.  it  is  believed  that  per- 
sons dwelling  on  the  spot  where  a  hanuman  monkey  (S. 
entellus)  has  been  killed,  will  die,  and  that  even  its  bones 
are  unlucky,  and  that  no  house  erected  where  they  are 
hid  under  ground  can  prosper.  Hence,  when  a  house  is 
to  be  built,  it  is  one  of  the  employments  of  the  Jyotish 
philosophers  to  ascertain  by  their  science  that  none  such 
are  concealed;  and  Buchanan  observes  that  'it  is  per- 
haps owing  to  this  fear  of  ill-luck,  that  no  native  will 
acknowledge  his  having  seen  a  dead  hanuman.'  " 

This  extract  has  been  taken  from  Sir  J.  Emer- 
son Tennent's  charming  book  on  Ceylon,  3rd  edit, 
vol.  i.  p.  133.  A  note  is  appended  to  the  last  sen- 
tence of  the  extract :  — 

"  Buchanan's  Survey  of  Bhagulpoor,  p.  142.  At  Gib- 
raltar it  is  believed  that  the  body  of  a  dead  monkey  is 
never  found  on  the  rock." 

W.  SPARROW  SIMPSON. 

"  COULD  WE  WITH  INK  THE  OCEAN  FILL."  — 
From  the  General  Index  to  the  1st  S.  of  "  N.  & 
Q.,"  p.  110.,  I  find  eleven  articles  have  appeared 
on  these  interesting  lines.  Another  version  oc- 
curs in  a  small  volume  of  MS.  Poems,  circa  1603, 
in  Addit.  MS.  22,601.,  p.  60.,  Brit,  Museum :  — 
"  If  all  the  earthe  were  paper  white 

And  all  the  sea  were  incke, 
'Twere  not  enough  for  me  to  write 
As  my  poore  harte  doth  thinke." 

VISE,  VISED,  VISEED,  VISAED. — All  these  turns 
of  a  word  are  occasionally  met  with  in  our  "  best 
public  instructors,"  in  connexion  with  passports. 
The  first  is  tolerable,  if  we  suppose  that  there  is 
no  English  way  of  expressing  "  is  your  passport 
vise?"  As  for  the  three  others — shades  of  Me- 
nage and  Johnson  !  —  what  barbarisms  are  here! 
In  the  second  and  third,  two  participles  are  yoked 
together  in  the  same  word  by  a  sort  of  Anglo- 
French  alliance  ;  not  on  equal  terms  however  j 
for  the  French,  at  the  same  time  that  it  retains 


2ni1  S.  IX.  FEB.  4.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


79 


the  termination  of  its  participle,  monopolises  the 
sound  of  the  vowels.  And  as  to  the  fourth, 
which  has  turned  up  conspicuously  within  the  last 
few  days  in  a  correspondence  with  the  United 
States  Legation,  I  think  "  it  weareth  such  a  mien 
as  to  be  shunned,  needs  but  be  seen."  If  the 
whole  trio  were  to  settle,  as  little  imps,  on  the 
sensorium  of  a  philologist  during  sleep,  they 
surely  would  conjure  up  the  visions  of  Fuseli,  and 
produce  a  night-mare. 

I  beg  to  propose,  therefore,  that  as  this  little 
foreigner  is  perpetually  crossing  and  recrossing 
the  Channel,  and  is  the  bosom,  companion  of 
thousands  of  Englishmen,  he  receive  a  patent  of 
naturalisation,  and  the  garb  of  a  Briton ;  and 
that  he  henceforth  be  styled  Mr.  Vise.  "  Is  your 
passport  vised  ?  "  will  then  be  plain  English.  And 
what  objection  can  there  be  ?  It  would  scarcely 
be  a  new  coinage.  There  is  a  cognate  word,  re* 
vise.  It  would,  with  a  little  use,  be  as  natural 
to  say,  "  to  vise  a  passport,"  as  to  revise  a  proof- 
sheet. 

"  Multa  renascentur  quse  jam  cecidere,  cadentque, 
Qua>  nunc  sunt  in  honore  vocabula,  si  volet  usus." 

This  has  been  lately  exemplified  in  the  word 
"  telegram."  It  sounded  oddly  at  first ;  but  now 
it  is  universally  adopted. 

I  have  hitherto  spoken  only  of  the  verb.  The 
case  of  the  substantive  visa  is  somewhat  different. 
But  even  here,  the  word  vise  might  be  used  as  a 
substantive  also  :  just  as  a  revoke  at  whist,  e.  g1., 
or  even  as  in  the  case  of  the  word  revise  itself, 
which,  as  a  substantive,  is  used  in  the  printing- 
office  to  denote  the  revised  proof;  and  in  "  1ST. 
&  Q."  (2ad  S.  ix.  6.)  your  distinguished  corre- 
spondent SIR  HENRY  ELLIS  speaks  of  the  "  re- 
vise of  the  bankruptcy  law."  However,  this  is 
not  so  necessary  as  the  avoiding  of  the  barbarisms 
above  alluded  to.  JOHN  WILLIAMS. 

Arno's  Court. 

LEIGHTON'S  PULPIT.  —  It  may  be  interesting  to 
your  correspondents  who  have  been  writing  on  the 
history  and  works  of  Archbishop  Leighton  to 
know  that  the  pulpit  in  the  church  of  Newbattle 
(near  Edinburgh),  of  which  parish  he  was  at  one 
time  minister,  and  from  which  the  present  in- 
cumbent  preaches,  is  the  pulpit  he  then  filled,  it 
having  never  been  changed.  T. 


A  JEW  JESUIT. 

The  following  story  may  be  interesting  at  the 
present  time,  when  the  case  of  the  Jewish  boy 
Mortara  is  exciting  so  much  attention.  It  oc- 
curs in  a  very  remarkable  work  by  an  Irish 
divine  of  the  last  century,  the  Rev.  Philip  Skel- 
ton,  whose  writings  I  would  recommend  to  your 


readers.  The  work  I  quote  from  is  entitled 
Seiiilia,  or  an  Old  2\  fan's  Miscellany ,  because  it 
was  written  in  the  seventy-ninth  year  of  the 
author's  age.  It  consists  of  a  number  of  mis- 
cellaneous articles,  chiefly  theological,  but  con- 
taining also  anecdotes  on  antiquarian,  historical, 
and  other  subjects.  The  folk  lore  contributors 
to  "N.  &  Q."  would  find  in  it  several  things 
to  their  taste ;  and  the  following  may  be  taken 
as  a  sample.  It  is  the  136th  article  (vol.  vi.  p. 
139.)  of  Skelton's  Works,  edited  by  the  Rev. 
Robt.  Lynam,  A.M.,  Lond.,  1824. 

"  An  old  gentleman,  a  Romanist,  and  a  man  of  truth, 
who  had  studied  physic  at  Prague,  and  practised  it  here 
[i.  e.  I  suppose,  in  Ireland]  with  reputation,  told  me 
that  when  he  was  there  two  Jews  were  executed  for  some 
crime  on  a  public  stage;  that  three  Jesuits,  mounting 
the  stage  with  them,  did  all  that  was  in  their  power  to 
convert  them  to  Christianity  in  their  last  moments ;  that 
one  of  these  Jesuits  pressed  his  arguments  with  a  force 
of  reason,  and  a  most  astonishing  power  in  speaking, 
surpassing  all  that  the  crowded  audience  had  ever  heard  ; 
that  the  Jews  did  nothing  all  the  time  but  spit  in  his 
face  with  virulence  and  fury;  and  that  he,  preserving 
his  temper,  wiped  off  the  spittle,  and  pursued  his  per- 
suasives, seemingly,  al  least,  in  the  true  spirit  of  Chris- 
tian meekness  and  charity,  but  in  vain.  This  very 
Jesuit  soon  after  died;  and  when  he  was  near  his  exit, 
his  brethren  of  the  same  order,  standing  round  his  bed, 
lamented  in  most  pathetic  terms  the  approaching  loss  of 
the  greatest  and  ablest  man  among  them.  The  dying 
man  then  said :  '  You  see,  my  brethren,  that  all  is  now- 
over  with  me.  You  may,  therefore,  now  tell  me  who  I 
am.'  One  of  them  answered ;  *  Our  order  stole  you  when 
little  more  than  an  infant  from  your  Jewish  parents,  and, 
from  motives  of  charity,  bred  you  a  Christian.'  '  Am  I 
a  Jew,  then? '  said  he;  '  I  renounce  Christianity,  and  die 
a  Jew.'  As  soon  as  he  was  dead,  the  Jesuits  threw  his 
naked  body  without  one  of  the  city  gates,  and  the  Jews 
buried  it.  Query,  had  this  man  ever  been  a  Christian  ? 
or,  if  he  mistook  Jesuitism  for  Christianity,  how  came  it 
to  pass,  that  the  approach  of  death,  and  his  being  pro- 
nounced a  child  of  Abraham,  should  all  at  once  recall 
him  to  his  family,  and  set  his  mere  blood  in  his  estima- 
tion above  all  the  principles  he  had  been  habituated  to 
from  infancy?  This  is  no  otherwise  .to  be  answered,  but 
by  taking  it  for  granted  that  either  he  was  delirious  at 
the  last,  or  judged  that  he  had  never  known  anything 
but  chicane  and  hypocrisy  for  Christianity." 

In  addition  to  the  queries  here  proposed  by  our 
author,  I  would  ask  whether  the  name  of  the 
Jesuit,  who  in  this  remarkable  manner  returned 
to  Judaism,  can  be  ascertained?  and  whether 
there  is  any  historical  record  extant  in  confirma- 
tion of  the  story  ?  JAMES  H.  TODD. 

Trin.  College,  Dublin. 


MOB  CAP.  —  Having  often  wondered  what 
could  be  the  origin  of  this  word,  I  was  pleased  to 
see  the  following  passage,  but  am  still  at  a  loss 
for  the  derivation  of  the  word,  which,  if  not  known, 
the  passage  may  assist  in  the  elucidation  of  it :  — 

"The  enormous  Elizabeth  Ruff,  and  the  awkward 
Queen  of  Scots'  Mob,  are  fatal  instances  of  the  evil  in- 


80 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  FEB.  4.  '60. 


fluence  which  courts  have  upon  fashions."  —  The  Con- 
noisseur, Thursday,  January  2,  1755. 

W.  P. 

NAVAL  BALLAD. — I  am  anxious  to  recover  the 
words  of  a  rough  naval  ballad  of  the  last  century 
relating  to  an  engagement  between  the  British 
under  the  command  of  Sir  Thomas  Matthews  and 
a  Spanish  fleet. 

I  never  knew  but  one  person  who  had  heard  of 
it,  and  he  could  only  remember  a  fragment.  The 
following  is  all  that  now  clings  to  my  memory  :  — : 

"  Our  Captain  he  was  a  man  of  great  fame, 
Sir  Thomas  Matthews,  that  was  his  name ; 
An4  when  in  the  midst  of  the  battle  he  came, 
He  cried, '  Fight  on  my  jolly  boys  with  courage  true 

and  bold, 

We  will  never  have  it  said  that  we  ever  was  con- 
trolled.' " 

EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

"  FREDERIC  LATIMER." —  Who  is  the  author  of 
a  novel  entitled  Frederic  Latimer,  or,  the  History 
of  a  Young  Man  of  Fashion,  3  vols.,  1799  ?  Is  it 
the  case  that  the  leading  incidents  of  this  story 
are  taken  from  reality  ?  and  to  what  members  of 
the  aristocracy  do  they  relate  ?  A.  J.  BEATSON. 

SCOTTISH  COLLEGE  AT  PARIS.  —  Allusion  was 
made  in  a  work  I  once  read  to  the  curious  MSS. 
preserved  in  the  Scottish  College  at  Paris  and 
the  repositories  at  St.  Germains.  Can  any  of 
your  correspondents  tell  me  the  locale  of  the 
college,  and  whether  any  MSS.  exist  there  rela- 
tive to  the  residence  at  St.  Germains  of  James 
the  Second  and  the  Pretender.  N.  H.  R. 

TREASURIE  OF  SIMILIES. — I  have  an  old  book 
of  which  I  should  much  like  to  discover  the  full 
title,  as  my  copy  is  very  imperfect.  The  running 
title  is  "a  Treasurie  or  Storehouse  of  Similies," 
and  it  seems  to  have  consisted  of  about  900  pages, 
small  quarto,  published,  I  should  suppose,  in  the 
early  part  of  the  seventeenth  century.*  There  are 
many  words  and  allusions  in  it  which  I  am  at  a 
loss  to  understand.  Perhaps  some  of  your  readers 
may  help  me.  The  writer  at  p.  793.  says  :  — 

"  As  sweete  trefoile  looseth  his  sent  seven  times  aday,  and 
receiveth  it  againe,  as  long  as  it  is  growing,  but  being 
withered  and  dried,  it  keepeth  still  its  savour,  so  the 
godly,  living  in  the  body,  shall  often  fall  and  recover 
againe ;  being  dead  shall  no  more  fall,  but  continue  in 
their  holinesse." 

What  fact  in  the  natural  history  of  the  trefoil 
does  this  refer  to  ?  Again  — 

"As  the  great  Castle  Gillofer  floureth  not  til  March  and 

[*  This  work  is  entitled  A  Treasvrie  or  Store- Hovse  of 
Similies  :  both  pleasaunt,  delightfull,  and  profitable,  for  all 
estates  of  men  in  generall.  Newly  collected  into  ff cades  and 
Common -places.  By  Robert  Cawdray.  London,  Printed 
by  Thomas  Creede,  dwelling  in  the  Old  Chaunge,  at  the 
Signe  of  the  Eagle  and  Childe,  neare  Old  Fish-Streete, 
1600.  It  is  dedicated  "to  the  Right  Worshipfvl,  and  his 
singular  benefactors,  Sir  lohn  Harington,  Knight,  as  also 
to  the  Worshipfull  lames  Harington,  Esquire,  his  brother." 
—ED.] 


April,  a  yeare  after  the  sowing,  and  Marian's  Violets  two 
yeares  after  their  sowing ;  so  the  grace  of  God  received  in 
baptism  does  not  by  and  by  shew  forth  itself  till  some 
yeares  after  the  infusion,"  p.  669. 

What  are  these  two  flowers  ?  The  book  is  full 
of  these  curious  references,  and  I  should  like  to 
know  more  about  it.  H.  B. 

ARMS.  —  Can  you  inform  me  what  family  bore 
the  following  arms  :  —  Argent,  3  bars  gules  be- 
tween six  martlets  proper,  3,  2,  and  1  ?  * 

C.  J.  ROBINSON. 

INSCRIPTION. — Wanted  an  explanation  of  the 
following  inscription,  which  is  to  be  seen  in  Dry- 
burgh  Abbey  on  one  of  a  number  of  stones,  an- 
cient and  modern,  collected  and  let  into  a  ruined 
wall  by  the  late  Lord  Buchan.  The  man  who 
at  present  shows  the  Abbey  says  that  he  has  heard 
that  it  is  the  tombstone  of  a  suicide :  — 

"  +  FL<DS€ 
TJAR5/C." 

I  fancy  that  these  letters  may  be  a  contraction 
of  longer  words.  K.  M.  B. 

JOHN  FFISHWICK.  —  Can  any  of  the  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  give  me  any  information  respecting  the 
ancestors  of  the  above  ?  He  was  licensed  incum- 
bent of  Wilton,  alias  Northwich,  Cheshire,  in 
1675,  and  was  buried  there  in  Nov.  1718.  H.F.F. 

VERSIERA.  —  Can  Prof.  DE  MORGAN  or  any 
of  your  correspondents  explain  the  reason  of  the 
strange  appellation  given  to  the  Curve  called,  in 
Italian,  the  "  Versiera,"  in  English,  the  "  Witch  " 
of  Agnesi,  invented  by  the  celebrated  female 
mathematician  of  Milan  ?  On  reference  to  the 
Italian  dictionaries,  I  find  the  word  "  Yersiera " 
means  a  fiend  or  hobgoblin.  PASCAL. 

THE  SEA  SERJEANTS.  —  I  have  been  informed 
that  there  was  a  Masonic  body  of  Loyalists  at- 
tached to  the  house  of  Stuart  who  adopted  this 
designation.  Does  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
remember  to  have  seen  them  alluded  to,  and  if  so, 
where?  S.  P.  R.+ 

THE  LABEL  IN  HERALDRY.  —  What  is  the 
meaning  of  the  heraldic  bearing  of  the  label  as 
a  distinguishing  mark  of  an  eldest  son  ?  I  have 
failed  to  discover  it,  after  many  inquiries. 

JOAN  FAMITCH. 

MICHAEL  ANGELO.  —  The  following  entry  is 
from  a  grant  book  of  Edw.  VI.  Is  anything 
known  farther  respecting  the  circumstances  under 
which  the  said  grant  was  made  ? 

"  Nov.  28,  5  Ed.  vj.  An  annuitie  of  xxu  to  Michaell 
Angelo  of  Florence,  for  life,  to  be.payd  at  th'augment' 
from  Christmas  last  quarterly." 

ITHURIEL. 

[*  There  appears  to  be  some  inaccuracy  in  the  above 
description.  It  must  either  be  2  bars  between  6  martlets 
8,  2,  and  1 ;  or  on  3  bars  6  martlets  3,  2,  and  1.— ED."] 


.  IX.  FEB.  4.  'GO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


81 


THOMAS  SYDENHAM.  —  Some  time  about  the 
commencement  of  the  present  century,  there  was 
a  Thomas  Sydenhaui,  Esq.,  in  the  East  India 
Company's  Madras  military  establishment.  He 
was  afterwards  Resident  at  the  Court  of  the 
Nizam  at  Hyderabad,  and  subsequently  returned 
to  Europe.  I  am  desirous  of  learning  where  and 
when  he  died :  if  possible,  also,  where  and  when 
he  was  bom  ;  if  he  was  married,  and  left  any 
children,  and  what  became  of  them.  I  wish  be- 
sides to  discover  in  what  part  of  England  his 
parents  resided  prior  to  his  going  out  to  India. 
If  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  will  kindly  furnish 
the  above  information,  I  shall  be  much  obliged. 

E.  Y.  H. 

REV.  CHRISTOPHER  CHILCOTT,  M.A. — I  should 
be  greatly  obliged  for  any  information  respecting 
this  clergyman,  the  name  of  his  cure,  &c.  He 
was  of  Magdalen  Hall,  Oxford;  B.A.  1687,  M.A. 
1690,  and  is  believed  to  have  settled  in  one  of  the 
western  counties.  C.  J.  ROBINSON. 


"  BREGIS,"  ETC.  —  In  an  inventory  of  the  _ 
of  the  church  of  Bodmin  delivered  over  to  the 
churchwardens,  A.  D.  1539,  occur  the  following- 
items,  concerning  which  I  would  ask  information  : 

"  It.  too  coopes  of  white  Satyn  of  bregis. 
It.  too  coopes  of  red  satyn  of  bregis. 
It.  a  pere  of  vestments,  called  molybere, 
It.  a  front  of  molyber. 
It.  3  vant.  clothes. 

It.  a  boxe  of  every  with  a  lake  of  sylver. 
It.  one  Jesus  cotte  of  purpell  sarcenett. 
It.  4  tormeteris  cotes." 

The  document  is  transcribed  in  the  Rev.  John 
Wallis's  "  Bodmin  Register."  THOMAS  Q.  COUCH. 

JOHN  Du  QUESNE.  —  Who  was  Johannes  Du 
Quesne,  Baro  de  Crepon,  of  whom  there  is  an 
engraving  by  Drevet.  Arms,  a  chevron  between 
three  oak  branches  bearing  acorns  ;  supporters, 
two  greyhounds  gorged.  F.  D. 

"  THE  BLACK  LIST."  —  A  work  in  my  posses- 
sion is  intitled  — 

"The  Principles  of  a  Member  of  the  Black  List  set 
forth  by  way  of  Dialogue,  London :  Printed  for  George 
Strahan,  at  the  Golden  Ball,  near  the  Ro}Tal  Exchange  in 
Cornhill.  1702.  8vo.  pp.  575." 

It  is  dedicated  to  — 

"  Robert  Hurley,  Esq.,  late  Speaker  to  the  House  of 
Commons,  and  to  all  the  Honourable  and  Worthy  Mem- 
bers of  the  late  Parliament  whose  names  are  inserted  in 
a  Paper  commonly  called  the  Black  List." 

At  first  sight  one  would  take  it  as  a  book  of  a 
political  complexion,  whereas  it  is  on  the  whole  a 
body  of  "  Christian  Meditations,"  or  in  other 
words,  a  kind  of  system  of  divinity  ;  and  if  all 
the  members  of  the  "Black  List"  espoused  its 
sentiments,  they  were  not  by  any  means  a  dan- 
gerous class  in  the  nation.  I  think,  however, 
there  must  have  been  some  political  reference  in-  J 


tended  by  the  designation  "  Black  List,"  and  if 
any  one  can  clear  up  why  so  called,  it  will  add 
to  the  interest  of  the  reader  as  rather  a  curious 
book  of  the  period.  G.  N. 

MENCE  FAMILY.  —  Rev.  Benj.  Hence,  B.A., 
Merton  Col.  Oxford,  1746;  M.A.  King's  Col. 
Cam.  1752  ;  Vicar  of  St.  Pancras,  and  Cardinal 
of  St.  Paul's,  1749  ;  Rector  of  All  Hallows,  London 
Wall,  1758  ;  ob.  19  Dec.  1796. 

"  In  whom  the  classical  world  have  lost  a  scientific 
genius,  and  whose  vocal  powers  as  an  English  singer  re- 
main unrivalled."  (Gent,  Mag.  vol.  Ixvi.  1116.) 

"  20  Feb.  1786.  Died,  Samuel  Mence,  one  of  the  Gen- 
tlemen of  H.M.  Chapel  Royal,  St.  James,  and  one  of  the 
Lay  Vicars  of  Lichfield,  brother  of  the  Rev.  B.  Mence  of 
St.  Pancras."  (Gent.  Mag.  vol.  Ivi.  276.) 

Information  respecting  the  character  of  these 
brothers  will  be  acceptable  to  W.  MENCE. 

Liverpool. 

FOXE'S  BOOK  OF  MARTYRS.  —  Notwithstanding 
the  careful  inquiries  of  MR.  NICHOLS  and  your 
other  correspondents,  there  still  remains  one  point 
connected  with  the  early  history  of  the  Book  of 
Martyrs  which  stands  in  need  of  investigation. 
Indeed,  I  am  rather  surprised  that  the  point -has 
not  been  investigated  by  some  of  your  contribu- 
tors, as  it  involves  a  question  of  some  literary 
interest.  Many  of  your  readers  are  aware  that 
doubts  have  been  from  the  first  entertained  of 
the  genuineness  of  Knox's  History  of  the  Reforma- 
tion. The  first  book  of  that  history,  written,  ac- 
cording to  M'Crie  in  1571,  contains  long  extracts 
from  Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  and  on  this  ground 
alone  Archbishop  Spottiswoode  denies  that  Knox 
ever  wrote  the  History,  for,  as  he  asserts,  no  edi- 
tion of  Foxe  had  then  appeared.  The  archbishop's 
argument  we  now  know  rests  on  a  false  founda- 
tion ;  but  it  establishes  a  very  curious  fact,  that, 
within  a  century  of  the  publication  of  the  first 
edition  of  the  Book  of  Martyrs,  the  edition  of 
1563  was  become  so  scarce  as  to  be  unknown 
even  to  so  accomplished  a  scholar  as  Spottis- 
woode. I  would  propose  therefore  for  investi- 
gation the  following  points  :  — 

Is  there  any  copy  in  Scotland  of  the  edition  of 
1563,  whose  existence  in  that  country  can  be 
traced  back  to  1570,  or  thereabouts? 

Were  any  means  used  to  destroy  the  copies  of 
the  early  editions  ?  as  we  can  scarcely  ascribe  to 
time  alone  their  extreme  rarity. 

Can  any  evidence  be  adduced  to  prove  (what  I 
believe  to  have  been  the  case)  that  the  accounts 
of  the  Scotch  martyrs  were  furnished  to  Foxe  by 
Knox  ?  R.J) 

Aberdeen. 

DINNER  ETIQUETTE. — The  writer  of  some  very 
agreeable  criticism,  in  one  of  our  late  Reviews 
(but  I  cannot  now  lay  my  hand  on  it)  respecting 
Miss  Austen's  novels,  observes  on  the  traits  of 


82 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES- 


I>a  S.  IX.  FEB.  4.  '60. 


social  manners  in  her  time  which  they  occasionally 
reveal.  Among  others  he  quotes  a  passage  which 
shows  that  in  those  days  (at  least  in  such  com- 
pany as  Miss  Austen  frequented)  it  was  the  cus- 
tom for  the  ladies  to  proceed  first  to  the  dining- 
room,  the  gentlemen  following,  instead  of  marching 
in  pairs,  each  gentleman  with  a  lady,  as  now  ;  and 
asks  what  other  authority  there  is  for  this  extinct 
fashion  ? 

Madame  de  Genlis  says  in  her  Memoirs  that 
such  was  the  fashion  in  Parisian  dinners  in  her 
youth :  — 

"  Lea  femmes  d'abord  sortaient  toutes  du  salon ;  celles 
qui  6taient  leplus  pres  de  la  porte  passaient  les  premieres. 
.  Le  maitre  et  la  raaitresse  de  la  maison  trouvaient 
facilement  le  raoyen,  sans  faire  de  scene,  d'engager  les 
quatre  femmes  les  plus  distingue'es  de  1'assemble'e  &  se 
mettre  &  c6t^  d'eux  "...  (that  is,  I  suppose,  each  flanked 
by  a  brace  of  ladies)— "  Commune'ment  cet  arrangement, 
ainsi  que  presque  tous  les  autres,  avait  e'te  decidd  en  par- 
ticulier  dans  le  salon." 

The  authoress  goes  on  to  say  that  the  modern 
(or  Noah's  ark)  fashion  was  confined  to  stiff  pro- 
vincial dinners  in  her  youth,  and  introduced  in 
food  society  at  Paris,  along  with  other  vulgarities, 
y  the  Revolution.    Your  correspondent  would  be 
glad  of  any  information  respecting   this  curious 
change  of  custom.    There  must  be  those  alive  who 
can  almost  remember  it  for  themselves,  or  at  least 
describe  it  from  good  traditional  authority. 

CI-DEVANT. 

SIB  EUSTACE  OR  SIR  ESTUS  SMITH.  —  Any  in- 
formation concerning  Sir  Eustace  or  Sir  Estus 
Smith,  who  resided  at  Youghal,  in  Ireland,  about 
the  year  1683,  his  family  or  descendants,  would 
confer  a  great  favour.  S — K. 

New  York. 


tflucrted 

MATTHEW  SCRIVENER.  —  I  shall  be  glad  of 
some  information  respecting  Matthew  Scrivener, 
a  divine  of  some  eminence  in  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury. He  wrote  A  Course  of  Divinity,  or  an  In- 
troduction to  the  Knowledge  of  the  True  Catholic 
Religion,  especially  as  professed  by  the  Church  of 
England,  in  two  parts  ;  the  one  containing  the 
Doctrine  of  Faith,  the  other  the  Form  of  Worship. 
London,  printed  by  Tho.  Roycroft  for  Robert 
Clavil  in  Little  Britain,  1674.  Is  this  book  of  any 
value  or  rarity  ?  Where  was  Scrivener  edu- 
cated ?  and  when  did  he  die  ?  Did  he  write  any 
other  books  on  divinity  besides  the  above  ? 

ALFRED  T.  LEE. 

[Matthew  Scrivener  was  a  Fellow  of  St.  Catharine 
Hall,  Cambridge,  and  vicar  of  Haselingfield  in  that 
county.  An  indenture  dated  1  June,  1695,  recites,  "  That 
Matthew  Scrivener,  bv  his  will  bearing  date  4  March, 
1687,  did  give  unto  the  Master  and  Fellows  of  St.  Ca- 
tharine's Hall  in  Cambridge,  and  their  successors,  all 
lands  in  Bruisyard  or  Cranford  (Suffolk),  or  elsewhere 


adjacent,  part  of  the  rents  and  profits  thereof  to  be  em- 
ployed for  certain  uses  and  purposes  therein  mentioned, 
and  the  remainder  of  the  rents  to  be  expended  about  the 
|  chapel  of  the  said  college  or  hall."     One  of  these  pur- 
!  poses  mentioned  in  his  will  was  the  augmentation  of  the 
|  living  of  Brnisyard  of  6Z.  13s.  4d.  per  annum  (Addit, 
MS.  5819.,  fol.  96  b.  Brit.  Mus.,  and  Kennett's  Case  of 
\  Impropriations,  p.  281.).     Besides  the  work  noticed  by  our 
correspondent  this  learned    Divine  wrote — 1.  Apologia 
pro  S.  JScclesice  Patribus  adversus  Joannem  Dall&um  de  usu 
patrum,  fyc. ;  accedit  apologia  pro  ecclesia  Anglicana  ad- 
versus nuperum  schisma.    4°  Lond.  1672.     2.  A  Treatise 
against  JDrunkennesse,  with  Two  Sermons  of  St.  Augustin. 
12mo.  Lond.  1685.     3.   The  Method  and  Means  of  a  true 
Spiritual  Life,  consisting  of  Three  Parts,  agreeable  to 
the  True  Ancient  Way.    8vo.  Lond.  1688.] 

KING  DAVID'S  MOTHER.  —  Can  any  correspon- 
dent kindly  enlighten  me?  I  have  searched  in 
vain  in  Josephus,  and  many  of  the  commentators. 
Some  persons  imagine  that  they  have  discovered 
her  in  2  Sam.  xvii.  25,  where  Abigail  is  stated  to 
be  the  daughter  of  Nahash,  and  sister  to  Zeruiah. 
Now  these  were  undoubtedly  the  daughters  of 
Jesse,  but  St.  Jerome  (Hieron.  Trad.  Heb.  in  lib. 
2.  Reg.  cap.  17.)  distinctly  states  that  Nahash  and 
Jesse  were  one  and  the  same  person.  Abulensis 
and  Liranus  confirm  this,  and,  indeed,  it  is  so  ex- 
plained in  the  margin  of  our  own  Bibles.  There 
is  no  other  passage  in  the  Bible  that  throws  any 
light  upon  the  matter.  I  repeat  it,  if  any  corre- 
spondent, skilled  in  Rabbinical  lore,  will  answer 
this  Query  he  will  confer  a  great  favour  upon  me. 
I  can  hardly  think  that  the  mother  of  so  great  a 
monarch  is  utterly  unknown. 

Since  writing  the  above,  I  have  referred  to  the 
admirable  index  of  the  First  Series  of  "  N.  &  Q.," 
and  found  that  the  question  has  already  been 
asked  (vol.  viii.  p.  539.).  It  seems  to  have  pro- 
duced but  one  reply  (vol.  ix.  p.  42.),  and  that 

I  merely  refers  to  2  Sam.  xvii.  25.  The  supposition 
of  Tremellius  and  Junius,  as  to  Nahash  being  the 
mother  of  David,  appears  to  me  to  be  completely 
set  aside  by  St.  Jerome,  who  has  not  only  stated 
positively  that  Nahash  and  Jesse  are  the  same 

;  person,  but  has  explained  the  meaning  of  the 
name  (a  serpent),  and  why  Jesse  was  so  called. 

C. 

Workington. 

[Our  correspondent  appears  to  have  thoroughly  inves- 
tigated this  question.  We,  also,  have  looked  into  it, 
and  have  come  to  the  conclusion  that  it  cannot  now 

1  be  decided.  David  occasionally  makes  mention  of  his 
mother  in  the  Book  of  Psalms ;  and  as  he  more  than  once 

1  speaks  of  her  as  the  Lord's  "  handmaid,"  we  may  con- 
clude that  at  any  rate  she  was  a  good  and  pious  woman, 
although  her  name  cannot  be  found  in  Sacred  Writ.  ] 

THE  BUTLER  or  BURFORD  PRIORY.  —  Can  any 
one  give  me  the  title  of  a  book,  published  many 
years  since,  containing  an  anecdote  related,  I 
think,  by  Mr.  Edgeworth,  of  a  butler  in  the  ser- 
vice of  Mr.  Lenthall  of  Burford  Priory  (a  de- 
scendant of  the  Speaker  of  that  name),  who, 
I  having  drawn  a  considerable  lottery  prize  —  some 


2**  S.  IX.  FEB.  4.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


83 


5,000/.,  if  I  remember  rightly — one  day  quietly 
intimated  to  his  master  his  desire  to  leave  his  ser- 
vice for  a  time,  in  order  (for  so  I  think  the  story 
ran)  to  gratify  a  life-long  wish  of  living  like  a 
gentleman  for  at  least  one  or  two  years,  and 
who,  at  the  expiration  of  that  period,  having  run 
through  the  whole  of  the  money  in  the  interval, 
actually  again  presented  himself  at  the  Priory, 
desiring  to  be  reinstated  in  his  old  place ;  which 
(he  being  a  valuable  servant)  was  accordingly 
done  ;  and  in  that  humble  capacity,  occasionally 
waiting  upon  the  narrator  of  the  anecdote,  he 
afterwards  contentedly  remained,  it  is  said,  for 
many  years.  R.  W. 

Athenaeum,  Pall  Mall. 

[The  circumstance  will  be  found  narrated  in  The  Percy 
Anecdotes,  in  the  volume  entitled  "  Eccentricity,"  p.  25.] 

MONKEY.  —  Is  this  word  to  be  derived  from 
the  Dutch  or  Flemish  mannehe,  a  little  man,  a 
man  in  miniature  ?  J.  li.  VAN  LENNEP. 

[The  derivation  suggested  by  our  correspondent  is 
supported,  not  only  by  French  and  German,  but  by  some 
analogies  of  our  own  language.  Ikey  is  little  Isaac,  Suhey 
is  little  Sue ;  so  monkey,  little  man.  The  same  law  of 
etymology  which  applies  to  monkey  may  be  extended  to 
donkey.  Here  don  is  dun  (allusive  to  colour) ;  whence 
donkey  (affectionately),  little  dun.  The  ass  bears  in  se- 
veral languages  a  name  referring  to  his  colour,  dun  or 
russet.  Heb.  chamor  (red)  ;  Sp.  and  Port,  burro,  from  Gr. 
Trvppb?  (red).  From  this  derivation  of  donkey  a  learned 
lady  of  our  acquaintance  always  pronounced"  the  word 
dunkey  (so  as  to  rhyme  with  monkey}.  Monkey,  however, 
may  be  derived  from  mono,  f.  mono,  the  common  name  in 
Sp.  for  a  monkey, —  or  from  the  Port,  macaco.'] 

SAMUEL  BAYES. —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
oblige  me  by  the  information  where  I  may  gain 
any  particulars  of  the  life  of  Samuel  Bayes,  vicar 
of  Grendon  in  Northamptonshire.  In  1662  he 
was  living  privately  at  Manchester,  and  there 
died.  In  what  year,  and  where  buried  ? 

C.  J.  D.  INGLEDEW. 

Northallerton. 

[The  Rev.  Samuel  Bayes  was  a  native  of  Yorkshire, 
and  received  his  education  at  Trinity  College,  Cambridge. 
He  held  for  some  years  the  living  of  Grendon  in  North- 
amptonshire, which  he  lost  at  the  Restoration ;  and  he 
seems  afterwards  to  have  had  another  living  in  Derby- 
shire, but  was  obliged  to  quit  that  also  upon  the  passing 
of  the  Bartholomew  Act  in  1662.  Upon  his  being  silenced 
he  retired  to  Manchester,  "  where  he  died  many  years 
since,"  says  Baxter.  Vide  Calamy's  Account,  p.  496.,  and 
Continuation,  p.  643.] 

CRINOLINE  :  PLON-PLON,  ETC.  —  Would  it  not 
be  welMo  save  the  time  and  trouble  of  future 
philologists  by  recording  the  origin  of  such  mo- 
dern words  as  the  above  ?  Somebody  must  know 
the  exact  origin  of  "crinoline"  —  a  word  appar- 
ently very  modern,  and  will  perhaps  inform  those 
less  enlightened.  "Plon-Plon"  is  a  nickname 
now  very  commonly  used  for  a  Prince  of  the 
Bonaparte  family,  but  not  one  in  a  hundred  knows 
its  origin  or  meaning.  As  several  correspondents 


explained  "  Bomba,"  perhaps  some  one  will  ex 
plain  this.  ESTE; 

[Crinoline  is  properly  a  stuff  made  of  crin,  or  horse- 
hair, "etoffe  de  crin."  The  crin  was  mixed  with  black 
thread.  —  Plon-plon  is  said  to  have  been  originally  craint 
plomb,  and  gradually  changed  to  plon  plon  for  the  sake  of 
euphony.  It  was  originally  applied  to  the  Prince  in 
question  during  the  Crimean  war,  for  reasons  sufficiently 
obvious.]  J 

NECK  VERSE,  ETC.  —  In  the  Penitent  Pilgrim, 
1641,  attributed  to  R.  Brathwaite,  chap.  18.,  it 
is  thus  referred  to  :  "  Should  I  with  the  poor 
condemned  prisoner  demand  my  look:'  Bailey, 
Diet,  vol.  ii.,  describes  the  process  thus  :  "  The' 
prisoner  is  set  to  read  a  verse  or  two  in  a  Latin 
book  [Bible]  in  a  Gothick  black  character,  com- 
monly called  a  neck  verse"  Can  any  one  point 
out  what  verse  is  commonly  called  a  neck  verse  f 
It  is  drolly  alluded  to  in  Gay's  What-tfyc  call 
it  f  a  farce  where  a  man  about  to  be  shot  reads 
part  of  the  title  to  the  Pilgrim's  Progress  as  his 
neck  verse.  In  the  same  interesting  little  volume 
by  Brathwaite,  chap,  viii.,  the  author,  among 
other  enjoyments,  mentions  "  odoriferous  soots  to 
cheer  thy  smell  "  Can  this  mean  sweets  ?  The 
word  is  strangely  used  by  Chaucer  and  Spencer. 

In  an  hour  glass,  what  term  is  used  for  the 
small  opening  that  allows  the  sand  to  escape  from 
the  upper  to  the  lower  department,  called  by 
Brathwaite  the  "  Crevit  of  thine  hour-glass  ?  " 

GEORGE  OFFOR. 

[The  verse  read  by  a  malefactor,  to  entitle  him  to 
benefit  of  clergy,  was  generally  the  first  verse  of  the  51st 
Psalm,  «  Miserere  mei,  Deus."  See  the  examples  iii 
Nares's  Glossary,  under  "  Neck-verse,  and  "  Miserere." 

Soote  is  sweet ;  used  by  Chaucer  as  sote :  e.  g.— 

"  They  dancen  deftely,  and  singen  soote, 
In  their  merriment." 

Spenser's  HobbinoWs  Dittie,  Sheph.  Kalend.,  Apr.  111. 

We  are  not  aware  of  any  particular  technical  name 

for  the  aperture  in  the  centre  of  the  hour-glass,  but  it 
would  most  probably  be  styled  the  neck.'} 

HERALD  QUOTED  BY  LELAND. —  In  Shilton's 
Battle  of  Stoke  Field  is  quoted  in  extenso  an  ac- 
count of  the  march  of  the  army  of  Henry  VII. 
from  Coventry  to  Nottingham,  "  from  a  journal 
kept  by  a  herald  attached  to  the  forces,"  and 
"  Leland"  is  given  as  the  authority  for  it.  I  pre- 
sume that  Leland's  Collectanea  must  be  the  work 
referred  to,  which  I  have  not  at  present  an  op- 
portunity of  consulting.  Is  it  known  who  was  the 
herald  by  whom  these  curious  particulars  were 
recorded  ?  WILLIAM  KELLY. 

Leicester. 

[We  have  not  been  able  to  get  a  sight  of  Shilton's 
Battle  of  Stoke  Field;  but  the  account  of  the  progress  of 
Henry  VII.  from  Coventry  to  Nottingham  is  printed  bv 
Leland  (Collectanea,  iv.  212—214.,  ed.  1770)  from  the 
Cotton.  MS.  Julius,  B.  xn.  pp.  20—27.  From  the  intro- 
ductory paragraph  (omitted  by  Leland),  we  learn  that 
he  King  was  accompanied  by  "  John  Rosse,  Esq.,  and 


84 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  FEB.  4.  '60. 


counsellor  of  the  said  King,  Lyon  King-of-Arms,  and 
Unicorn- pursuivant."] 


THE  HYPERBOREANS  IN  ITALY. 
(2nd  S.  vi.  181.) 

In  a  former  article  I  offered  some  remarks  upon 
the  passage  of  Heraclides,  cited  by  Plutarch,  in 
which  he  speaks  of  Rome  as  captured  by  an  army 
of  Hyperboreans,  and  as  being  situated  at  the 
extremity  of  Europe,  near  the  Great  Sea. 

The  most  probable  supposition  seems  to  be, 
that  Heraclides  conceived  Rome  as  situated  in 
the  far  west,  on  the  shore  of  the  external  or  cir- 
cumfluous ocean,  and  as  having  been  invaded  by 
an  army  of  Hyperboreans  who  descended  along 
the  northern  coast  of  Europe. 

Niebuhr,  however,  in  his  History  of  Rome,  vol.  i. 
p.  86.  (Engl.  transl).,  inverts  this  testimony,  and 
brings  the  Hyperboreans  to  Italy,  in  order  to 
identify  them  with  the  Pelasgians.  As  a  support 
to  this  fanciful  combination,  he  cites  a  passage  of 
Stephanus  Byzantinus  in  Tapnvvia,  who,  after  stat- 
ing that  TapKwia  or  Tarquinii  is  a  city  of  Etruria, 
which  derived  its  name  from  Tarchon  (compare 
Miiller,  Etrusker,  vol.  i.  p.  72.),  adds,  that  the 
Tarcyniei  are  a  nation  of  Hyperboreans,  among 
whom  the  griffins  guard  the  gold,  as  Hierocles  re- 
ports in  his  work  entitled  the  Philistores. 

Hierocles,  a  writer  of  uncertain  date,  but  pos- 
terior to  Strabo,  composed  a  work  called  fciAtWo- 
pes,  which  appears  to  have  contained  a  collection 
of  marvellous  stories  relating  to  remote  countries. 
Three  fragments  of  this  work  are  extant  (see  C. 
Miiller,  Frag.  Hist.  Gr.  vol.  iv.  p.  429-30.). 

The  Tarcynaei  of  Hierocles  seem  to  have  taken 
the  place  of  the  one-eyed  Arimaspians,  who  are  men- 
tioned by  yEscbylus  as  dwelling  near  the  griffins, 
in  an  auriferous  region,  at  the  eastern  extremity 
of  the  earth  (Prom,  782.).  According  to  Hero- 
dotus, the  Arimaspians  stole  the  gold  from  the 
griffins ;  the  griffins  dwelt  beyond  the  Arimas- 
pians, and  guarded  the  gold ;  the  Hyperboreans 
dwelt  beyond  the  griffins,  and  reached  as  far  as 
the  sea  (iii.  116.,  iv.  13.  27.).  But  there  is  no 
reason  for  thinking  that  the  Tarcynaei  were  any 
thing  but  the  fictitious  name  of  an  imaginary 
people,  supposed  to  dwell  near  the  griffins  at  the 
extremity  of  the  earth,  or  that  they  had  any  con- 
nexion with  Italy. 

Niebuhr  adds  a  further  conjecture,  founded  on 
the  mention  of  irep^epees  in  Herod,  iv.  33.  This 
was  a  name  of  certain  sacred  officers  at  Delos, 
which  was  derived  from  their  bringing  sacred  gifts 
from  the  Hyperboreans,  by  a  circuituous  route 
passing  through  the  Adriatic  and  Dodona,  Nie- 
buhr supposes  that  7rep<j>€p«y  is  borrowed  from  the 
Latin  word  perferre,  and  that  the  gifts  in  ques- 


tion were  sent  from  a  Pelasgian  tribe  in  Italy, 
called  Hyperboreans,  by  way  of  Dodona  to  De- 
los. The-  learning  respecting  these  bearers  of 
sacred  sheaves  is  collected  by  Spanheim  ad  Callim. 
Del,  283.  There  is  nothing  in  the  passages  ad- 
duced by  him  which  gives  any  countenance  to 
this  wild  conjecture.  The  explanation  of  Miiller, 
(Dor.  ii.  4.  4.),  who  connects  the  legends  respect- 
ing the  Hyperborean  messengers  with  the  worship 
of  Apollo  has  more  to  recommend  it;  but  the 
subject  is  one  of  those  fragments  of  ritual  history 
in  which  it  is  prudent  to  keep  strictly  within  the 
limits  of  the  accounts  handed  down  to  us  by  the 
ancients.  G.  C.  LEWIS. 


DRUMMOND  OF  COLQUHALZIE. 
(2nd  S.  viii.  327.) 

Perhaps  the  following  cutting  from  the  Perth- 
shire Courier  of  27th  October  may  be  useful  to  the 
correspondent  who  inquires  about  the  Colquhalzie 
family :  — 

"  A  correspondent  of  Notes  and  Queries  asks — '  Can 
any  of  your  readers  oblige  me  with  information  whether 
Drummond  of  Colquhalzie  in  Perthshire,  whose  estate 
was  forfeited  in  1745  or  1746,  was  related  to  the  then 
Earl  of  Perth  ?  and  if  so,  in  what  degree  ?  '  On  seeing 
the  above,  we  consulted  Malcolm's  Genealogical  Memoir 
of  the  most  noble  and  ancient  House  of  Drummond  (pub- 
lished at  Edinburgh  in  1808),  which  contains  an  ample 
genealogy  of  the  family  of  Colquhalzie,  as  a  branch  from 
the  main  stem  of  the  Drummonds.  The  following  is 
an  abstract  of  the  account  of  this  ancient  Perthshire 
family :  — 

"  Sir  Maurice  Drummond,  Knight  of  Concraig,  was 
the  second  son  of  Sir  Malcolm  Drummond,  the  10th 
thane  of  Lennox.  He  married  the  only  child  and  heiress 
of  Henry,  heritable  steward  of  Strathearn,  and  got  with 
her  the*  office  and  fortune  of  her  father  at  his  death. 
They  were  confirmed  to  him  by  King  David  Bruce,  and 
his  nephew  Robert,  earl  of  Strathearn,  in  1358.  He 
left  issue — 1,  Sir  Maurice,  who  succeeded;  2.  Malcolm, 
founder  of  Colquhalzie;  and  3,  Walter  of  Dalcheefick. 
This  Sir  Malcolm,  the  10th  thane,  was  the  ancestor  of 
the  families  of  Concraig,  Colquhalzie,  Pitkellony,  Mewie, 
Lennoch,  Megginch,  Balloch,  Broich,  Milnab,  &c.  These 
were  great  and  respectable  families,  whose  posterity 
flourished  long  in  Strathearn ;  but  they  are  all  now  ex- 
tinct except  Lennoch  and  Megginch. 

"  Malcolm  Drummond,  the  second  son  of  Sir  Maurice, 
purchased  the  half  lands  of  Colquhalzie,  and  his  succes- 
sors afterwards  secured  the  other  half.  He  was  a  man 
of  great  action  and  courage.  At  the  battle  of  Harlaw  he 
and  his  brother  Maurice  did  considerable  service.  He 

married Barclay,  daughter  to  the  laird  of  Collerny 

in  Fife,  and  had  one  son,  John,  who  succeeded. 

"John  Drummond,  2d  of  Colquhalzie,  married  

Campbell,  daughter  of  the  brother  of  the  earl  of  Argyle, 
and  had  by  her  four  sons  and  a  daughter. 

"  Maurice  (eldest  son),  3d  of  Colquhalzie,  succeeded 

about  14C6.  He  married Cunningham,  daughter  to 

the  laird  of  Glengarnoch,  by  whom  he  had  only  one 
daughter,  Margaret. 

"  Margaret  Drummond,  heiress  of  Colquhalzie,  married 
John  Inglis,  a  gentleman  in  Lothian,  the  marshal,  and 
a  special  servant  to  James  IV.,  and  left  three  sons  and 
two  daughters.  Her  youngest  daughter,  Margaret  Inglis, 


S.  IX.  FEB.  4.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


85 


got  the  lands  of  Colquhalzie  as  her  portion,  and  married 
David,  third  son  of  Thomas  Drummond,  first  of  Drum- 
mond-ernoch,  who,  by  her  right,  was  next  laird  of  Col- 
quhalzie, and  had  a  son  (John)  and  a  daughter. 

"  John  Drummond,  6th  of  Colquhalzie,  married  

Campbell,  daughter  of  Donald  Campbell,  abbot  of  Cupar, 
in  1538,  brother  to  the  laird  of  Ardkinglas,  and  got  with 
her  the  lands  of  Blacklaw  in  Angus.  He  had  three 
sons  and  five  daughters. 

"  John  Drummond  (eldest  son),  7th  of  Colquhalzie, 
married  Jean  Mauld,  daughter  of  the  laird  of  Melginch 
(Megginch),  in  Angus,  and  had  four  sons  and  four 
daughters.  The  third  son,  David,  at  first  minister  of 
Linlithgow,  and  lastly  at  Monedie,  married  Catharine, 
sister  to  Patrick  Smith  of  Methven. 

"John  Drummond  (eldest  son),  8th  of  Colquhalzie, 
married  Barbara  Blair,  daughter  to  the  laird  of  Tarsappie, 
and  sister  to  Sir  William  Blair  of  Kinfauns,  arid  had 
three  sons  and  three  daughters. 

"John  Drummond  (eldest  son),  9th  of  Colquhalzie, 
flourished  at  the  Revolution,  and  married  Anna,  daughter 
to  David  Graham  of  Gorthie,  and  had  four  sons,  John, 
David,  Robert,  and  James. 

"  By  the  grandson  of  John,  the  estate  teas  sold,  and  the 
male  line  of  the  family  is  now  extinct. 

"  The  Memoir  says  nothing  about  forfeiture  in  1745  or 
1746." 

I  may  add  that  the  name  of  the  present  pos- 
sessor of  the  Colquhalzie  estate  is  Hepburn. 

R.  S.  P. 


PATRON  SAINTS. 
(2nd  S.  viii.  141.  299.) 

Some  additions  to  the  names  already  given  will 
be  found  in  the  following  lines,  transcribed  from 
a  scarce  book  entitled  The  Mobiad ;  or  Battle  of 
the  Voice  (being  a  satirical  account  of  an  Exeter 
election),  by  Andrew  Brice  of  Exeter,  1770: — 

".    .    Convene  a  Chapter  of  those  Saints  who  bear 
O'er  Trades  and  Traders  tutelary  care.    .     . 
ST.  BLAISE,  who  —  (if  Monks  neither  fib  nor  doat) — 
Invok'd,  whip  !  presto !  heals  a  squinzy'd  Throat, 
Though  with  his  Flesh  in  bleeding  Tatters  rent, 
Might  come  th'  endanger'd  Combers  President. 
To  save  her  Coopers  from  a  mortal  quarrel 
Might  interpose  ST.  MARY  of  the  BARREL. 
To  just  St.  JOSEPH  ought  our  MUSE  refer, 
The  tugging  Joiner  and  the  Carpenter. 
Bricklayers  should  St.  GREGORY  obtain  ; 
The  Grace  of  ST.  ELOI  shou'd  Goldsmiths  gain. 
ST.  ANN  should  Grooms  assist,  though  none  invoke ; 
Ev'n  Butchers  claim  ST.  MARY  OF  THE  OAK  ; 
ST.  JAMES  to  Hatters  might  his  goodness  grant. 
Upholsters,  sav'd  from  Fall,  might  praise  VENANT. 
ST.  LE'NARD  should  no  Stone-cutter  forsake, 
Nor  MARY  OF  LORETTO  those  who  Bake. 
For  Taylors  the  beheaded  Saint  had  stood, 
Who  duck'd  Repentants  in  Old  Jordan's  Flood. 
ST.  CRISPIN  might  his  Gentlecraft  relieve ; 
ST.  EUSTACE  aid  to  Innholders  shou'd  give ; 
The  Flea'd  Apostle  with  his  knife  might  side       ) 
The  broil'd  ST.  LAURENCE  Safety  to  provide       V 
For  Curriers  and  tough  Tanners  of  the  Hide  ;      ) 
The  last-named  Saint  might  in  like  Wardship  hug 
Those  who  apply  or  vend  th'  aperient  Drug : 
Nor  leave  of  Aid  the  Woollen-drapers  bare, 
Nor  who  at  Wholesale  deal  in  Staple  Ware. 


The  swarthy  Artists  sweating  at  the  Forge 
Should  draw,  unasking,  to  their  Help,  ST.  GEORGE  ; 
Carmen  ST.  VINCENT  have  a  Guardian  Saint ; 
SAVIOR  keep  Sadler s  safe ;  LUKE  those  who  paint. 
Nay  JOB  perhaps  for  some  had  present  been 
Who've  done  lewd  Worship  to  the  Cyprean  Queen, 
Since  divers  might,  on  Scrutiny,  be  found 
With  aking  Bones  who  hoarsly  snuffle  Sound! 
These,  and  the  rest,  whom  canonizing  ROME 
Appoints  o'er  Craftsmen  might  in  Vision  come." 

CUTHBERT  BEDE. 


BISHOPS  ELECT. 
(2nd  S.  viii.  431.  ;  ix.  55.) 

Great  discussion  has  at  all  times  taken  place  as 
to  the  nature  of  a  bishop's  right  to  a  seat  in  Par- 
liament. A  satisfactory  conclusion  will  best  be 
arrived  at  by  a  short  consideration  of  a  bishop's 
position  as  regards  temporalities  both  before  and 
since  the  Conquest.  During  the  reigns  of  the 
Saxon  kings,  bishops  held  their  lands  in  frank 
almaign,  and  were  free  from  all  services  and  pay- 
ments, excepting  only  the  obligation  to  build  and 
repair  castles  and  bridges  (and  as  it  should  have 
been  added,  to  contribute  towards  the  expences  of 
expeditions).  William  I.,  however,  deprived  them 
of  this  exemption,  and  instead  thereof  turned 
their  possessions  into  baronies,  so  that  they  held 
them  per  baroniam,  and  this  made  them  subject  to 
the  tenures  and  duties  of  knights'  service. 

The  bishops  as  such  were  members  of  the 
Mycel-synod  or  Witena-gemot.  Another  argu- 
ment in  favour  of  their  spiritual  capacity  in  Par- 
liament is,  that  from  the  reign  of  Edw»  I.  to  that 
of  Edw.  IV.  inclusive,  great  numbers  of  writs  to 
attend  the  Parliament  were  sent  to  the  '•'•guar- 
dians of  the  spiritualities  "  during  the  vacancies  of 
bishoprics,  or  while  the  bishops  were  in  foreign 
parts.  The  writs  of  summons  also  preserve  the 
distinction  of  prelati  and  magnates ;  and  whereas 
temporal  lords  are  required  to  appear  in  fide  et 
ligeantia,  in  the  writs  of  the  bishops  the  word  lige- 
antia  is  omitted,  and  the  command  to  appear  is 
in  fide  et  dilectione.  See  Selden's  Titles  of  Ho- 
nour, 575. 

A  bishop  confirmed  may  sit  in  Parliament  as  a 
lord  thereof.  It  is  laid  down  indeed  by  Lord 
Coke  that  a  bishop  elect  may  so  sit ;  but  in  the 
case  of  Evans  and  Ascuith,  M.  3.  Car.)  Jones  held 
clearly  that  a  bishop  cannot  be  summoned  to 
Parliament  before  confirmation,  without  which  the 
election  is  not  complete ;  and  he  added  that 
it  was  well  known  that  Bancroft,  being  trans- 
lated to  the  bishopric  of  London,  could  not 
come  to  Parliament  before  his  confirmation.  A 
bishop,  however,  can  sit  before  he  has  received 
restitution  of  temporalities,  says  Dr.  Richard 
Burn,  because  he  sits  by  usage  and  custom. 
Lord  Coke  says  archbishops  and  bishops  shall  be 
tried  by  the  country,  that  is,  by  freeholders,  for 


86 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»a  S.  IX.  FEB.  4.  '60. 


that  they  are  not  of  the  degree  of  nobility  (see  1 
Inst.31. ;  3  Inst.  30.).  Seldeu  seems  clear  that  this 
is  the  only  privilege  bishops  have  not  in  common 
with  other  peers.  However,  it  seems  to  be  agreed 
that  while  Parliament  is  sitting,  a  bishop  shall  bo 
tried  by  the  peers  (2  Hawkins,  424.).  The  result, 
therefore,  seems  to  be  that  a  bishop  elect  cannot 
sit  in  Parliament.  J.  A.  PN. 

J.  S.  S,  remarks,  that  "  the  bishops  sit  in  the 
House  of  Lords  as  spiritual  peers"  and  that  they 
"  could  not  come  under  that  denomination  until 
entitled  to  it  by  the  act  of  consecration"  Is  this 
strictly  correct  ?  The  bishops  sit  in  convocation 
as  spiritual  peers,  no  doubt ;  anil,  being  spiritual 
persons,  they  sit  as  peers  in  the  House  of  Lords. 
But  they  sit  there  in  right  of  their  temporal  baronies. 
It  is  probable,  therefore,  that  they  are  entitled  to 
take  their  seats,  not  upon  consecration,  but  upon 
their  being  legally  invested  with  their  baronial 
rights.  I  speak,  of  course,  of  their  .constitutional 
right  as  peers,  —  without  reference  to  the  writs  of 
summons,  by  which  they  take  their  seats  in  the 
present  day.  J.  SANSOM. 

I  think  J.  S.  S.  does  not  recollect  that  the 
bishops  are  spiritual  lords,  not  peers,  and  are  en- 
titled to  a  Writ  to  the  Parliament  in  virtue  of 
their  temporalities,  held,  as  the  old  law  writers 
say,  per  baroniam.  It  is  certain  that  in  early 
times  bishops  elect  could  sit.  See  the  Parl.  Rolls, 
18  Edw.  L  15  b,  when  the  Parliament  granted  an 
aid  to  the  king  upon  the  marriage  of  his  daugh- 
ter, when  many  bishops  were  present,  and  amongst 
them  "Willielmus  Electus  Eliensis"  (William  de 
Luda,  Archdeacon  of  Durham,  elected  12  May, 
1290,  consecrated  1  Oct.  following.)  C.  A. 


THE  MACAULAY  FAMILY. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  44.) 

Permit  me  to  correct  a  slight  inaccuracy  into 
which  your  correspondent  FITZGILBERT  has  fallen 
as  to  the  ancestors  of  Lord  Macaulay.  The  Rev. 

Macaulay  (Dumbarton),"  whom  he  mentions 

as  great-grandfather  of  the  historian,  was  never 
located  in  Dumbarton.  He  was  minister  of  Har- 
ris, one  of  the  parishes  in  the  Western  Isles,  and 
will  be  found  alluded  to  along  with  his  son  John 
in  the  Jacobite  Memoirs  of  the  Rebellion,  edited 
from  the  MSS.  of  Bishop  Forbes  by  Robert  Cham- 
bers. This  John  was  first  ordained  minister  of 
South-Uist,  in  1745  ;  in  1756  he  removed  to  Lia- 
more,  and  nine  years  afterwards  made  a  second 
change  to  Inverary,  where  he  was  minister  when 
Dr.  Johnson  made  his  tour  to  the  Hebrides.  In 
1774,  and  in  the  face  of  considerable  opposition 
from  the  Ultra-Calvinistic  section  of  the  Presby- 
tery, he  was  translated  to  the  parish  of  Cardross 


in  Dumbartonshire,  where  lie  died  in  1789.  As 
appears  from  the  gravestone  in  the  churchyard 
there,  he  had  a  family  of  twelve  children  by  Mar- 
garet, third  daughter  of  Colin  Campbell  of  Invers- 
regan.  One  of  his  daughters,  Jean,  married,  in 
1787,  Thomas  Babington,  Esq.,  of  Rothley  Tem- 
ple, Leicestershire,  who,  I  am  informed,  had  been 
iin  the  habit  of  residing  for  a  few  months  in  the 
year  at  the  manse  of  Cardross  for  the  benefit  of 
This  herdth.  A  son,  Zachary,  whose  career  is  well 
known,  had  (besides  other  children)  by  a  daugh- 
ter of  Quaker  Mills  of  Bristol,  a  son  Thomas, 
christened  Babington,  in  honour  of  the  husband 
of  Aunt  Jane,  who  I  dare  say  made  the  best  mar- 
riage of  the  family.  This  Thomas  Babington  be- 
came, as  we  all  know,  Lord  Macaulay.  The 
descent,  therefore,  seems  to  stand  thus  :  — 

Rev.  Aulay  M'Aulay,  of  Harris. 
Rev.  John  M'Aulay,  Cardross=Margaret  Campbell. 

Zachary  Macaulay=Sarah  Mills,  Bristol.       Jean=Thomas  Babiiiirton, 

Rothley  Temple. 

Thomas  Babington  Lord  Macaulay. 

Your  correspondent  alludes  to  the  late  lord's 
kinsmen  in  Leicestershire  as  claiming  descent 
from  the  ancient  house  of  M'Aulay.  If  he  means 
the  Babingtons,  I  fear  the  claim  could  only  be 
made  out  with  reference  to  the  present  represen- 
tative of  the  family,  Thomas  Gisborne  Babington, 
Esq.,  whose  mother  was  the  Jean  M'Aulay  above 
mentioned.  From  the  descent  as  given  in 
"Burke,"  there  appears  to  have  been  no  earlier 
connexion  with  the  house  of  M'Aulay,  nor  in  the 
papers  formerly  belonging  to  the  present  family 
of  Ardincaple  (which  I  had  occasion  to  examine 
somewhat  minutely  when  preparing  their  scheme 
of  descent  for  my  History  of  Dumbartonshire)  did 
I  see  anything  leading  me  to  believe  that  any 
member  of  the  clan  had  settled  so  far  south.  I 
have  not  been  able,  I  may  say,  to  connect  Lord 
Macaulay's  ancestors  with  the  Dumbartonshire 
house  of  Ardincaple,  but  there  was  no  other  clan 
of  the  name  in  Scotland,  and  it  may  be  therefore 
reasonably  inferred  that  a  connexion  more  or  less 
distant  existed  between  the  minister  of  Harris 
and  his  contemporary  Aulay  Aulay,  the  last  lineal 
representative  of  the  once  powerful  family  of  Ar- 
dincaple. As  the  descent  of  this  clan  is  but 
imperfectly  understood,  I  will  be  glad  on  u  future 
occasion  (by  permission  of  the  Editor  of  "  N.  & 
Q.")  to  make  certain  salient  points  in  its  history 
the  subject  of  another  paper.  J.  IRVING. 

Dumbarton. 

THE  YOUNG  PRETENDER  IN  ENGLAND. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  46.) 

The  evidence  as  to  Charles  Edward  having  wit- 
nessed the  coronation  of  George  III.  is  very  slight, 
and  not  trustworthy.  It  consists  entirely  of  what 


2«d  s.  ix.  FEB.  4.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Hume  has  written  on  the  subject,  which  is  to  this 
effect.  "Lord  Marechal,  a  few  days  after  the 
king's  coronation,  told  uie  that  he  believed  the 
yooDg  Pretender  was  at  that  time  in  London,  or 
at  least  had  been  so  very  lately,  and  had  come 
over  to  see  the  show  of  the  coronation,  and  had 
actually  seen  it.  I  asked  my  lord  the  reason  for 
this  strange  fact?  Why,  says  he,  a  gentleman 
told  me  so,  who  saw  him  there,  and  that  he  even 
spoke  to  him,  and  whispered  into  his  ear  these 
words :  '  Your  royal  highness  is  the  last  of  all 
mortals  I  should  expect  to  see  here.'  '  It  was  cu- 
riosity that  led  me,'  said  the  other  ;  '  but  I  assure 
you,'  added  he,  '  that  the  person  who  is  the  object 
of  all  this  pomp  and  magnificence  is  the  man  I 
envy  the  least.'" 

Hume  says  that  this  story  came  to  him  from  so 
near  the  fountain  head,  "  as  to  wear  a  face  of 
great  probability."  But  it  amounts  to  this, — ' 
Lord  Marechal  told  Hume  that  somebody  (who  is 
nameless)  had  told  him  that  he  (the  anonymous 
somebody)  had  seen  the  prince,  and  held  the  above 
absurd  dialogue  vrith  him.  We  have  better  evi- 
dence of  the  presence  of  Charles  Edward  in  Eng- 
land in  1750  and  1753.  In  the  former  year,  Dr. 
King  says  in  his  Memoirs,  that  he  saw  and  con- 
versed with  the  prince  at  Lady  Primrose's.  Thick  - 
nesse,  in  his  Memoirs,  states  that  the  prince  was 
over  here  about  1753-4  ;  and  Lord  Holdernesse, 
who  was  Secretary  of  State  in  1753,  told  Hume 
that  he  first  learned  the  fact  from  George  II.,  who 
remarked  that  when  the  Pretender  got  tired  of 
England  he  would  probably  go  abroad  again. 
The  ostensible  domicile  of  Charles  Edward  at  that 
time  was  Liege,  where  he  lived  under  the  title  of 
Baron  de  Montgomerie.  J.  DORAN. 

The  Querist  will  find  the  subject  noticed  in  the 
2nd  volume  of  Sir  Walter  Scott's  novel  of  Red- 
gauntlet,  vol.  ii.  p.  246.,  and  a  relative  note,  p.  254. 
No  special  allusion  is  made,  however,  to  the  Preten- 
der ;  but  it  is  said  that  when  the  champion  flung 
down  his  gauntlet  as  the  gage  of  battle,  an  un- 
known female  stepped  from  the  crowd  and  lifted 
the  pledge,  leaving  in  its  stead  another  gage,  with 
a  paper  expressing  that  if  a  fair  field  of  combat 
were  allowed,  a  champion  of  rank  and  birth  would 
appear  with  equal  arms  to  dispute  King  George's 
claim  to  the  throne. 

Sir  Walter  justly  considers  this  as  "  probably 
one  of  the  numerous  fictions  which  were  circulated 
to  keep  up  the  spirits  of  a  sinking  faction;"  and 
had  such  an  incident  actually  occurred,  it  is  in- 
conceivable that  it  should  not  have  been  noticed 
in  any  contemporary  newspaper  or  other  publica- 
tion. G. 

Edinburgh. 

BREECHES  BIBLE  (2nd  S.  viii.  530.)  —  This  an- 
ecdote, attributed  to  Cracherode,  was,  sixty  years 
';ince,  reported  of  Rev,  Richard  Walter,  M.A., 


chaplain  of  the  Centurion,  who  published,  in  1748, 
the  celebrated  voyage  of  Lord  Anson.  The  book 
affirmed  to  have  been  covered  by  the  Reverend 
journalist,  and  afterwards  presented  to  the  British 
Museum,  was  the  Bible  that  had  been  his  daily 
companion  on  the  voyage.  Could  not  this  fact  be 
ascertained  by  some  reader  at  the  Museum,  and 
the  right  donor  ascertained,  with  the  present  state 
of  the  gift,  with  its  covering,  that  had  been  round 
the  world  before  its  application  to  its  present  pur- 
pose ?  E.  D. 
[Nothing  is  known  of  the  volume  bound  in  buckskins 
in  the  Cracherode  or  any  other  collection  in  the  British 
Museum,  so  that  we  may  conclude  it  was  a  joke  of  the 
facetious  bibliopole,  Dr.  Dib.din.— ED.] 

BACON  ON  CONVERSATION  (2nd  S.  viii,  108.)  — 
Lord  Bacon,  at  the  beginning  of  his  8th  book  De 
Augmentis  Scientiarum,  and  in  the  correspond- 
ing passage  of  his  work  on  the  Advancement 
of  Learning,  treats  the  subject  of  Conversation, 
or  behaviour  in  intercourse  with  men,  as  a  de- 
partment of  civil  science.  He  remarks,  however, 
that  the  subject  had  been  already  treated  by 
others  in  a  satisfactory  manner.  "  Verum  hasc 
pars  scientise  civilis  de  conversatione  eleganter 
profecto  a  nonnullis  tractata  est,  neque  ullo  inodo 
tamquam  desiderata  reponi  debet "  (vol.  ix.  p.  6., 
ed.  Montagu.).  In  the  Advancement  of  Learning 
the  passage  stands  :  "  But  this  part  of  civil  know- 
ledge hath  been  elegantly  handled,  and  therefore 
I  cannot  report  it  for  deficient." 

The  writer  principally  referred  to  by  Lord  Ba- 
con in  this  passage  is  undoubtedly  Giovanni  della 
Casa,  who  was  born  in  1503,  and  died  in  1556, 
and  whose  work,  Galateo,  trattato  dei  costumi, 
published  in  1558,  particularly  related  to  the  sub- 
ject of  conversation.  It  acquired  great  celebrity, 
was  translated  into  many  languages,  and  was  par- 
ticularly renowned  for  the  elegance  of  its  style  (to 
which  the  words  of  Bacon  allude).  Another  wri- 
ter, whom  Lord  Bacon  doubtless  had  in  his  mind, 
is  Castiglione,  who,  in  the  second  book  of  his  Cor- 
tigiano,  lays  down  rules  for  the  conversation  of  the 
courtier,  both  with  his  sovereign  and  with  his 
equals  (see  the  Milan  ed.  of  1803,  vol.  i.  p.  127. 
147.).  Castiglione  died  in  1529,  and  his  Cortigiano 
was  published  in  the  previous  year.  L. 

DR.  DAN.   FEATLY  (2nd  S.  ix.  13.)  — Dr.  D. 

Featly  (alias  Fairclough,  see  Clarke's  Lives,  1683, 
p.  153.*)  is  mentioned  in  Howell's  Letters  (last 
ed.  p.  354.)  ;  in  Lloyd's  Memoires,  p.  527. ;  in 
Clarke's  Lives  (1677),  p.  295. ;  in.  Fuller's  Wor- 
thies (8vo.  ed.),  iii.  p.  24. ;  a  Life  and  Death  of 
Dr.  Dan.  Featly,  published  by  John  Featly,  ap- 
peared in  1660  (12mo.)  ;  J.  F.  was,  I  suppose,  the 
Dr.  John  Featly,  nephew  of  Dr.  Daniel,  rector  of 
Langer,  Notts,  and  precentor  of  Lincoln,  whose 
younger  brother,  Henry,  lived  at  Thorp,  Notts 


*  The  second  page  so  numbered  in  Fairclough's  Life, 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  FEB.  4.  '60. 


(Calamy's  Continuation,  p.  699.).  Among  Dan. 
Featly's  friends  were  Simon  Birckbeck  (Protestants 
Evidence,  1657,  Pref.  §§  1,  2.),  and  Sir  H.  Lynde 
(Prynne's  Canterburies  Doome,  p.  185.);  among 
his  fellow-collegians  Thomas  Jackson  (ibid.  p. 
356.);  he  was  chaplain  to  Sir  Thomas  Edmonds 
(ibid.  p.  409.),  and  domestic  chaplain  to  Abp. 
Abbot  (ibid.  pp.  59.  62,  63.).  He  wrote  an  answer 
to  the  learned  Rich.  Mountague  (ibid.  p.  159.). 
These  facts  will  suffice  to  mark  his  position  with 
regard  to  the  controversies  of  his  day,  and  to  pre- 
pare us  to  learn  that  his  Sermons  suffered  con- 
siderably from  the  censorship  under  the  rule  of 
Abbot's  successor  at  Lambeth.  Prynne,  with  a 
zeal  worthy  of  Mr.  Mendham  or  Mr.  Gibbins,  has 
ejiabled  us  to  judge  for  ourselves  of  the  wisdom 
of  Laud's  Literary  Policy,  by  printing  in  extenso 
the  pages  which  offended  "  the  cursory  eyes,"  as 
Milton  has  it,  "  of  the  temporizing  and  extempor- 
izing licensers."  (Ibid.  pp.  108,  109.  170.  185. 
254.  258.  269,  270.  279—282.  284.  293.  299.  308, 
309.  315.) 

In  the  scarce  Life  of  Bishop  Morton  (York, 
1659),  the  hopes  raised  in  Bp.  Morton  and  other 
hearers  of  Featly's  act  (for  the  degree  of  M.A.) 
are  said  to  have  been  abundantly  fulfilled  by  the 
learned  labours  of  his  riper  years,  and  more  par- 
ticularly by  his  disputation  at  Paris  with  Dr. 
Smith,  titular  Bishop  of  Chalcedon  (pp.  28 — 30., 
where  is  a  notice  of  his  death.) 

Farther  information  may  be  derived  from  the 
indexes  to  Wood  and  to  Hanbury's  Historical 
Memorials.  J.  E.  B.  MAYOR. 

"St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 

POEMS  BY  BURNS  (2nd  S.  ix.  24.)  —  It  will 
afford  me  pleasure  to  send  to  the  care  of  your 
publishers,  or,  if  supplied  with  the  address,  di- 
rectly to  your  inquiring  correspondent,  T.  SIMPSON, 
a  letter  written  by  Burns  in  1788  for  comparison 
with  the  MSS.  in  his  copy  of  the  third  edition  of 
the  Poems,  1787  ;  which  may  help  to  solve  one 
portion  of  the  Query. 

The  name  of  Adam  Cardonnel,  without  the  pre- 
fix "  De,"  occurs  in  a  very  early  list  of  the  mem- 
bers of  the  Society  of  Antiquaries  of  Scotland. 
He  was  elected  in  1781,  and  for  some  time  held 
the  office  of  Curator. 

In  1786  he  published  Numismata  Scotioe,  4to., 
Edinburgh ;  and,  1788-93,  in  parts,  London,  4to. 
and  8vo.,  dedicated  to  his  "  kinsman  Sir  William 
Musgrave,  Bart.,  F.R.S.,"  Picturesque  Antiquities 
of  Scotland^  etched  by  Adam  De  Cardonnel. 

GILBERT  J.  FRENCH. 

Bolton,  18tU  January,  1860. 

DESTRUCTION  or  MSS. — The  bump  of  dcstruc- 
tiveness  does  really  seem  to  have  acquired  in 
some  persons  what  the  Ettrick  Shepherd  called 
a  "  swopping  organisation ;"  and  you  have  done 
good  service  to  the  cause  of  literature  and  ec- 


clesiastical biography,  by  giving  publicity  to  the 
remorseless  combustion  of  three  large  chests  of 
manuscripts  (how  interesting,  how  invaluable,  we 
may  well  suppose,)  of  the  celebrated  Dr.  Hickes, 
sometime  Dean  of  Worcester.  Allow  me  to  place 
on  record,  in  "  N.  £  Q.,"  another  very  sad  case 
of  destruction  ;  that  of  the  official  correspondence 
of  the  Military  Chest  attached  to  the  Duke  of 
Wellington  during  his  peninsular,  campaigns.  A 
writer  now  living,  who  served  in  that  depart- 
ment under  the  Duke  in  Spain,  Portugal,  and 
the  South  of  France,  formed  the  design,  some 
twelve  years  since,  of  inditing  a  "  Financial  His- 
tory of  the  Peninsular  War."  No  matter  how 
he  would  have  accomplished  his  task,  well  or  ill ; 
the  subject  itself  was  at  any  rate  most  in- 
teresting, abundant  in  curious  facts,  and  rich  in 
lessons  of  monetary  admonition  ;  lessons  which, 
the  next  time  we  commit  ourselves  to  continental 
campaigning,  we  shall  have  to  learn  over  again, 
and  perhaps  again  forget.  Having  formed  his 
plan,  the  intending  author  naturally  turned  his 
thoughts  to  the  valuable  store  of  facts,  dates, 
sums  total,  and  particulars,  preserved,  as  he  sup- 
posed, in  the  aforesaid  correspondence.  Alas! 
some  new  arrangements  .  had  been  made  in  a 
public  office  ;  and  to  his  consternation  he  was  in- 
formed that,  in  the  accompanying  process  of 
routing  out,  the  correspondence  had  been  DE- 
STROYED ! 

Should  others  of  your  readers  be  acquainted 
with  similar  acts  of  vandalism,  I  trust  they  will 
take  the  present  opportunity  of  communicating 
them,  while  public  attention  is  directed  to  the 
subject.  AN  OLD  PENINSULAR. 

ORIGIN  or  "  COCKNEY"  (2nd  S.  ix.  42.)— In  his 
newly  published  Dictionary  of  Etymology  Mr. 
Wedgwood  says  :  — 

"  The  original  meaning  of  cockney  is  a  child  too  ten- 
derly or  delicately  nurtured;  one  kept  in  the  house,  and 
not  hardened  by  out-of-doors  life:  hence  applied  to  citi- 
zens, as  opposed  to  the  hardier  inhabitants  of  the  country, 
and  in  modern  times  confined  to  the  citizens  of  London." 

He  adds  these  quotations  :  — 

"  Cocknay,  carifotus,  delicius,  mammotrophus."  "  To 
bring  up  like  a  cocknaye  —  mignoter"  "  Delicias  faccre, 
to  play  the  cockney"  "  Dodeliner,  to  bring  up  wantonly 
as  a  cockney."  (Tr.  Par.,  and  authorities  cited  in  notes.) 
"  Puer  in  deliciis  matris  nutritus,  Anglice,  a  cokenay. — 
Hal."  (Halliwell's  Diet,  1852.)  "  Cockney,  niais,  mignot. 

—  Sherwood. 

The  rest  of  his  explanation  is  too  long  to  ex- 
tract ;  this,  however,  may  be  cited  :  — 

"  The  Fr.  cogueliner,  to  dandle,  cocker,  fedle,  pamper, 
make  a  wanton  of  a  child,  leads  us  in  the  right  direction." 

R.  F.  SKETCHLEY. 
SIR  JOHN  DANVERS  (2nd  S.  viii.  171.  309.  338.) 

—  Permit  me  to  correct  a  mistake  which  I  am 
told  exists  in  my  communication  relative  to  the 
Danvers  family  (p.  338.).     Sir  John  Danvers,  the 


2nd  S.  IX.  FEB.  4.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


regicide,  married  for  his  second  wife,  Elizabeth 
(not  Ann,  as  I  aui  told  I  have  given  it),  daughter 
of  Ambrose,  son  of  Sir  John  Dauntesey  of  West 
Lavington,  Knt.  She  is  called  on  her  monument 
"  ex  asse  haeres,"  but  had  a  sister  Sarah,  a  coheir 
in  blood,  married  to  Sir  Hu^h  Stukely,  Bart. 
Elizabeth  Dauntesey  was  baptized  20th  March, 
1604;  died  9th  July,  1636,  aged  thirty-one; 
buried  at  West  Lavington.  She  left  by  Sir  John 
Danvers  one  son,  Henry,  who  was  heir  to  his 
uncle,  the  Earl  of  Dan  by ;  died  1654,  and  his 
father  Sir  John  the  year  following  :  also  a 
daughter  Elizabeth,  married  to  Robert  Villiers, 
who  declined  the  title  of  Viscount  Purbeck  (see 
Sir  H.  Nicolas' s  Adulterine  Bastardy),  and  had 
issue  a  daughter,  Ann,  to  whom  her  brother, 
Henry  Danvers,  bequeathed  "  the  whole  of  the 
great  estate  in  his  power,"  married  Sir  Henry 
Lee  of  Ditchley,  Bart.,  1655  ;  and  Charles  Henry, 
Mary,  who  died  young.  EDWARD  WILTON,  Clerk. 
West  Lavington,  Devizes. 

FAMILIAR  EPISTLES  ON  THE  IRISH  STAGE  (2nd 
S.  viii.  512.)  —  I  have  little  doubt  that  this  tren- 
chant satire  is  rightly  attributed  to  J.  W.  Croker: 
it  is  included  in  the  list  of  his  works  in  the  Biog. 
Diet,  of  Living  Authors,  1816  ;  and  in  his  biogra- 
phy in  Men  of  the  Time,  1856,  it  is  mentioned  as 
his  "  first  publication,"  and  as  giving  "  earnest  of 
the  then  power  of  sarcasm  which  characterises  some 
of  his  more  mature  productions."  On  the  title- 
page  of  my  copy  is  written  in  (as  I  am  led  to  be- 
lieve from  comparison  with  a  facsimile)  Croker's 
sprawling  hand  :  "  Wm.  Gifibrd,  Ex  dono  Au- 
toris";  and  on  the  fly-leaf,  probably  from  Gif- 
ford's  neater  pen,  "  by  Croker."  The  author, 
whoever  he  may  be,  was  thus  described  in  The 
Freeman's  Journal  in  revenge  for  the  castigation 
inflicted  on  it :  — 

"  A  shabby  barrister,  who  never  could  acquire  as  much 
by  legal  ability  as  would  powder  his  wig,  has  resorted  to 
the  expedient  of  '  raising  the  wind '  by  a  familiar  epistle, 
assassinating  male  and  female  reputation.  The  infamous 
production  has  had  some  sale,  as  will  whatever  is  replete 
with  scurrility,  obscenity,  and  falsehood ;  but  this  high- 
flying pedant,  of  empty-bag  fame  in  his  profession,  will 
shortly  find  that  peeping  TOM  will  be  dragged  forth  to 
public  view  in  a  very  familiar  manner." 

The  author  himself,  in  the  preliminary  matter 
to  the  fourth  edition,  has  compiled  some  matter — 
"disjecta membra  poetse,"  he  calls  it — "to  enable 
the  world  at  last  to  ascertain  who  I  am."  Among 
this  we  are  told  that  the  "Epistles"  are  attri- 
buted in  various  publications  to  Ball,  Croker,  and 
Thomas  ;  to  which  the  author  appends  the  follow- 
ing significant  note  :  — 

"  Of  two  of  those  Gentlemen,  I  have  not  the  least  per- 
sonal knowledge,  and  of  the  third  1  will  venture  to  say 
(without  meaning  any  disparagement  to  his  abilities), 
that  tio/v  he  came  to  be  suspected  should  rather  be  en- 
quired of  his  friends  than  his  enemies." 

An  interesting  account  of  Edwin  and  his  melan- 


choly end  will  be  found  in  Mrs.  C.  B.  Wilson's 
volumes,  Our  Actresses.  It  appears  that  the  re- 
cord on  his  tombstone  alludes  to  the  "  murderous 
attack,"  and  that  in  his  last  moments  his  "  impre- 
cations on  his  destroyer  were  as  horrible  as  awful." 
Nevertheless,  it  seems  that  there  were  other  causes 
for  his  "  fevered  frenzy,"  —  Plures  crapula  quum 
gladius.  Poor  Edwin  had  invited  a  friend  on  the 
evening  preceding  his  fatal  illness,  "  to  help  him 
to  destroy  himself  with  some  of  the  most  splendid 
cognac  that  France  ever  exported  to  cheer  a 
breaking  heart."  The  friend  did  not  come ;  doubt- 
less the  actor  had  the  less  difficulty  in  achieving 
his  object, —  and  thus  we  have  to  write  of  him  :  — 

"  Poor  fellow !  his  was  an  untoward  fate ; 
'Tis  strange  the  mind,  that  very  fiery  particle, 
Should  let  itself  be  snuffed  out  by  an  article  1 "       f» 

Don  Juan. 
WILLIAM  BATES. 

FOLK-LORE  (2nd  S.  viii.  483.)  —  Stuckling  ap- 
pears to  be  derived  from  the  German  stuck,  a  piece, 
and  the  diminutive  affix  -ling. 

To  feel  leer  means  properly  to  feel  faint  from 
hunger,  and  connects  itself  with  the  German  leer, 
empty.  LIBYA. 

REV.  WILLIAM  DUNKIN,  D.  D.  (2nd  S.  viii. 
415.) — I  cannot  find  his  entrance  into  Trin.  Coll. 
Dublin,  but  I  find  that  Patrick  Dunkin,  son  of 
the  Rev.  Wm.  Dunkin,  born  at  Lisnaskea,  co. 
Fermanagh,  entered  that  College  29  April,  1685, 
aged  19 ;  and  William,  son  of  Patrick  Dunkin, 
Gent,  (probably  the  same  person),  born  in  Dublin, 
entered  9  April,  1725,  aged  18.  Y.  S.  M. 

SANS  CULOTTES  (2nd  S.  vii.  517.)  —  The  same 
gentleman  who  informed  me  as  to  the  tricolor 
says,  this  name  was  given  to  the  revolutionists, 
not  because  they  went  without  the  nether  gar- 
ments, but  because  they  wore  trousers  instead  of 
the  knee-breeches,  which  were  then  de  rigueur  part 
of  the  costume  of  every  gentleman.  Thepantalon 
thus  became  the  mark  of  the  anti-aristocratic,  and 
instead  of  sans  culottes  being  a  name  of  reproach, 
it  was  adopted  by  the  party  as  a  proud  designa- 
tion. A.  A. 
Poets'  Corner. 

JAMES  ANDERSON,  D.D*  (2ud  S.  viii.  169.  217. 
457.  &c.) — The  following  obituary  notice  of  this 
eminent  antiquary,  from  the  tfcots  Magazine  for 
1740,  may  form  a  fitting  sequel  to  the  Anderson 
papers,  which  have  for  some  time  past  appeared 
m«N.&Q." 

"  On  Monday,  May  28,  died  at  his  house  in  Essex 
Court  in  the  Strand,  London,  the  reverend  and  learned 
JAMES  ANDERSON,  D.D.,  a  Member  of  the  Church  of 
Scotland,  and  native  of  this  kingdom,  author  of  the 
Royal  Genealogies,  and  several  other  works :  a  gentleman 
of  uncommon  abilities  and  most  facetious  conversation ; 
but  notwithstanding  his  great  talents,  and  the  useful 
application  he  made  of  them,  being,  by  the  prodigious 


90 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2>»i  S.  IX.  FEB.  4.  '60. 


expense  attending  the  above-mentioned  works,  reduced 
to  slender  circumstances,  he  has,  for  some  years,  been 
exposed  to  misfortunes,  above  which  the  encouragement 
due  to  his  works  would  easily  have  raised  him.  But  the 
remembrance  of  his  qualifications  and  the  many  hardships 
under  which  he  was  publicly  known  to  labour,  will  serve 
to  show  succeeding  generations.  There  was  a  time  when 
Italian  singers,  by  English  contributions,  were  favoured 
with  5  or  6000/./?er  annum,  and  a  gentleman  who  by  more 
than  twenty  years'  study  gave  the  world  a  book  of  incon- 
ceivable labour  and  universal  use,  was  suffered  to  fall  a 
victim  to  his  attempts  to  serve  mankind!  " 

ANON. 

HENRY  LORD  POWER  (2nd  S.  viii.  378.  518.)  — 
I  am  much  obliged  to  MR.  C.  LE  POER  KEN- 
NEDY for  his  communication  in  reply  to  my 
Query  ;  but  I  think  it  only  right  to  inform  him, 
that  Henry  Lord  Power,  who  "was  buried  at  St. 
Matthew's,  Ringsend,  6th  May,  1742,  is  not  to  be 
confounded  with  the  Hon.  Richard  Power,  one  of 
the  Barons  of  the  Court  of  Exchequer  in  Ireland, 
who  committed,  suicide  near  Ringsend,  2nd  Fe- 
bruary, 1794.  Mr.  D' ALTON'S  communication  is 
very  satisfactory,  and  will  be  duly  acknowledged 
in  Brief  Sketches  of  the  Parishes  of  Booterstown 
and  Donnybrook,  in  the  County  of  Dublin. 

ABHBA. 

THIS  DAY  EIGHT  DAYS  (2nd  S.  viii.  531.)  — 
This  expression  is  not  confined  to  Ireland,  for  I 
have  heard  it  in  the  mouths  of  the  common  people 
in  Scotland.  J.  MACRAY. 

This  peculiar  mode  of  expression  must  doubt- 
less come  from  the  French  auwurcThui  en  huit. 

W. 

REFRESHMENT  FOR  CLERGYMEN.  —  "  N.  &  Q." 
(2nd  S.  ix.  24.)  contains  an  extract  from  the 
parish  books  of  Havering-atte-Bower,  directing  an 
allowance  to  the  clergyman  of  the  parish  of  a  pint 
of  sack  during  the  winter  season  on  a  Sunday. 
In  the  vestry  book  of  the  parish  of  Preston,  under 
date  the  19th  April,  1731,  it  is  ordered  that  "two 
bottles  of  wine  be  allowed  any  strange  clergyman 
that  shall  at  any  time  preach."  A  rather  liberal 
allowance,  will  no  doubt  be  the  exclamation.  I 
would  ask,  was  the  "  bottle  of  wine "  then  the 
quantity  we  now  consider'  a  "  bottle."  In  the 
churchwardens'  accounts,  a  few  years  later,  I  find 
frequent  payments  for  "red  port"  at  the  rate  of 
6s.  a  gallon.  Was  the  "red  port"  of  that  day 
the  Portuguese  wine  we  now  call  port  ? 

WM.  DOBSON. 
Preston. 

LEVER  (2nd  S.  viii.  540.)  — What  in  the  world 
can  have  induced  MR.  J.  H.  P.,  quoted  by  your 
correspondent  E.  A.  B.,  to  put  into  print  that  lever 
meant  a  cormorant,  I  cannot  possibly  conceive. 
The  arms  of  Liverpool  are  a  bird  with  a  sprig  of 
something  holden  in  its  bill,  and  I  can  assure  him 
it  is  the  weed,  and  not  the  bird,  which  is  the  lever. 
Motto  :  "  Deus  nobis  hsec  otia  fecit."  If  he  calls 
upon  me  to  eat  my  words,  though  I  decline  doing 


that,  I  can  assure  him  I  have  eaten  the  lever. 
It  is  to  be  met  with  at  the  tables  of  the  merchants 
in  Liverpool,  and  if  MR.  J.  H.  P.  has  any  friend 
resident  there,  he  no  doubt  would  forward  to  him 
a  pot,  for  his  particular  gratification. 

A  SEA  GULL. 

"MODERN  SLANG,"  ETC.  (2nd  S.  viii.  491.)  — I 
omitted  to  say  in  my  mention  of  the  slang  word 
BAGS  as  applied  to  trousers,  that  it  is  probably  of 
University  origin,  and  is  borrowed  from  "  the 
variegated  bags  "  of  Euripides  —  rovs  &v\d 
rovs  TrotKikovs.  (Cyclops,  182.)  CUTHBERT  BEDE. 

"  THE  LOAD  OF  MISCHIEF  "  (2nd  S.  viii.  496.) 
—  Unless  very  lately  removed,  the  sign  of  "  The 
Man  laden  with  Mischief"  still  exists  in  Norwich. 
In  addition  to  the  drunken  wife,  the  monkey  and 
the  magpie  as  described  by  X.  Y.,  the  man  is 
bound  to  the  woman  by  a  chain  securely  fastened 
by  a  padlock.  This  little  addition  to  the  items 
mentioned  by  X.  Y.  will  perhaps  render  unneces- 
sary any  farther  explanation.  However  ungallant, 
the  meaning  seems  sufficiently  clear.  D.  G. 

BAZELS  OF  BAIZE  (2nd  S.  ix.  25.)  —  Your  cor- 
respondent MR.  PISHEY  THOMPSON  might  have 
saved  'himself  much  trouble  and  useless  ety- 
mological discussion,  if  he  had  looked  into  the 
MS.  from  which  Malcolm  quoted,  but  which  he 
could  not  read.  Stowe  made  his  r  just  like  a  *, 
and  the  mysterious  "  bazels  of  baize  "  are  nothing 
more  nor  less  than  "  barrels  of  beer,"  as  may  be 
verified  by  any  one  who  will  turn  to  Stowe's 
original  paper  in  MS.Harl.  376.  fol.  4.,  where  it  is 
plain  enough  "  barells  of  beare."  The  name  of 
Turnar  Malcolm  has  metamorphosed  into  the 
strange  one  of"  Briznau  ;"  and  no  doubt  there  are 
plenty  more  such  blunders.  I  must  observe  that 
Malcolm  does  not  give  any  reference  to  this  MS., 
but  a  little  trouble  would  have  found  it.  This 
instance  is  only  one  more  proof  (among  many)  of 
the  inutility  of  relying  on  a  printed  text,  without 
being  assured  of  its  accuracy.  Zo. 

SAMUEL  DANIEL  (2nd  S.  viii.  204.)  —  Your 
correspondent  denies  that  Samuel  Daniel  was  a 
Somersetshire  man  born,  on  the  strength  of  the 
inscription  on  the  tablet  at  Beckington,  which, 
however,  gives  no  hint  on  the  subject,  either 
one  way  or  the  other.  As  it  is  not  that  inscrip- 
tion, to  what  authority  does  your  correspondent 
refer  ?  G.  H.  K. 

MINCE  PIES  (2nd  S.  viii.  488.)  —  In  farther  il- 
lustration of  the  religious  idea .  connected  with 
the  above  Christmas  dish,  I  quote  The  Connois- 
seur for  Thursday,  December  26, 1754  :  — 

"  These  good  people  would  indeed  look  upon  the  ab- 
sence of  mince  pies  as  the  highest  violation  of  Christmas; 
and  have  remarked  with  concern  the  disregard  that  has 
been  shown  of  late  years  to  that  old  English  repast ;  for 
this  excellent  British  Olio  is  as  essential  to  Christmas 


2»J  S.  IX.  FKH.  4.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


91 


as  pancakes  to  Shrove  Tuesday,  tansy  to  Easter,  furmity 
to  Midlent  Sunday,  or  goose  to  Michaelmas  Day.  And 
they  think  it  no  wonder,  that  our  tinical  gentry  should 
he  so  loose  in  their  principles,  as  well  as  weak  in  their 
bodies,  when  the  solid  substantial  Protestant  mince  pie 
has  given  place  among  them  to  the  Roman  Catholic 
Amulets,  and  the  light,  puffy,  heterodox  Pets  de  Re- 
ligieuses" 

W.  P. 

STAKES  FASTENED  TOGETHER  WITH  LEAD  AS  A 
DEFENCE  (2na  S.  ix.  27.)— This  title  is  altogether 
gratuitous.  It  takes  for  granted  the  very  point 
which  is  in  doubt.  Sudes  circumfusce  plumbo  does 
not  mean  stakes  fastened  together  with  lead,  but 
stakes  round  which  lead  has  been  poured.  Now 
the  pouring  of  lead  round  stakes,  or,  which  is 
the  same  thing,  dipping  the  stakes  into  molten 
lead  (temperature  612°)  would  be  a  very  effica- 
cious and  rapid  means  of  charring  them.  Tra- 
dition says  that  the  stakes  were  charred ;  the 
passage  is  therefore  sufficiently  clear  without 
supposing  the  impossible  process  of  pouring  lead 
round  stakes  inserted  into  the  bed  of  a  river 
under  water. 

But  a  friend  of  mine  has  some  doubts  about 
the  correctness  of  the  text.  He  cannot  give  the 
Britons  credit,  for  so  much  engineering  skill  as 
the  above  explanation  would  suppose.  He  there- 
fore suggests  to  read  fluvio  for  plumbo,  which 
would  make  the  passage  perfectly  clear.  J.  N". 

Cannot  Bede's  expression, "  circumfusse  plumbo," 
be  translated,  "  having  been  surrounded  by  lead," 
i.  e.  tipped  or  shod,  to  make  the  stakes  sufficiently 
weighty  to  be  rammed  into  the  bed  of  the  ford. 

It  is  clear  from  the  general  scope  of  the  sen- 
tence that  the  operation,  whatever  it  was,  was 
done  before  they  were  placed  in  the  water. 

The  "very  sharp"  points  would  of  course  be 
uppermost.  CHELSEGA. 

TREPASSER  (2nd  S.  ix.  13.)  — This  word  in  its 
original  form  undoubtedly  includes  the  letter  s  ,• 
it  cannot  possibly,  therefore,  be  an  abbreviation 
of  outre-passer.  Besides,  this  mode  of  abbre- 
viation is  not  French,  it  is  Italian  :  as  we  eee  in 
micida,  homicide  ;  and  Masaniello,  for  Tornmaso 
Aniello.  M.  Louis  Barre,  in  his  Preface  to  the 
Complement  du  Dictionnaire,  says  that  the  French 
language  rejects  such  contractions  as  barbarous. 
As  to  the  "  value  "  also  of  the  word,  required  by 
your  correspondent,  it  is  not  in  common  use.  "II 
ne  se  dit,"  says  the  Dictionnaire  de  T 'Academic, 
"  que  des  personnes  qui  meurent  de  leur  mort 
naturelle,  et  n'est  guere  usite."  And  as  to  the 
substantive  trepas,  the  same  high  authority  says, 
"  II  n'est  ^guurc  ^ usite  dans  le  discours  ordinaire, 
mais  on  I'eniploie  souvent  dans  la  poesie,  et  dans 
le  style  soutenu."  JOHN  WILLIAMS. 

SUPERVISOR  (2nd  S.  ix.  13.)  —Perhaps  the  pas- 
sage from  the  "  Charta  feodi,"  quoted  by  Du 
Cange,  may  designate  the  officer  in  question  :  — 


"  Habetur  **  formula  constituendi  receptorem  et  super- 
visorem  omnium  et  singulorum  dominiorum  et  manerio- 
rum,  et  tenementorum,  &c." 

But,  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  and  in  previous 
reigns  also,  there  were  other  persons,  also  called 
supervisors,  such  as  supervisors,  of  wills,  whom 
each  testator  himself  appointed  to  see  that  the 
executors  faithfully  fulfilled  their  duties,  ns  may 
be  seen  in  the  "  Wills  and  Inventories  "  pub- 
lished by  the  Surtees  Society.  JOHN  WILLIAMS. 
Arno's  Court. 

HYMNS  FOR  THE  HOLY  COMMUNION  (2nd  S.  vii. 
415.) — It  was  the  custom  to  sing  a  short  hymn 
at  St.  Catherine's  church,  Dublin,  some  few  years 
ago,  at  that  period  of  the  service  immediately  before 
the  Lord's  Prayer,  after  "  alt  had  communicated." 
The  usual  hymn  was  that  beautiful  one  commenc- 
ing "  May  the  Grace  of  Christ  our  Saviour,"  which 
is  not  one  of  those  "  appointed  "  at  the  end  of  the 
Metrical  Psalms.  I  never  heard  it  elsewhere,  but 
it  had  a  very  solemnising  effect.  GEORGE  LLOYD. 

OLIVER  GOLDSMITH  (2nd  S.  ix.  11.)— The  piece 
of  glass  on  w-hich  he  inscribed  his  name  when  a 
student  in  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  has  been  in- 
closed in  a  frame  and  deposited  in  the  Manuscript 
Room  of  the  College  Library,  where  it  is  still  to 
be  seen.  'AAtetfy. 

Dublin. 

THE  PRUSSIAN  IRON  MEDAL  (2nd  S.  ix.  33.)  — 
In  answering  the  Query  (2nd  S.  viii.  470.),  MR. 
BOYS  says  as  follows  :  — 

"  So  far  as  those  patriots  who  devoted  their  jewels  and 
plate  are  concerned,  the  facts  are  these :  All  being  surren- 
dered, 'Ladies  wore  no  other  ornaments  than  those  made 
of  iron,  upon  which  was  engraved :  "  We  gave  gold  for 
the  freedom  of  our  country ;  and,  like  her,  wear  an  iron 
yoke ! "  '  A  beautiful  but  poor  maiden,  grieved  that  she 
had  nothing  else  to  give,  went  to  a  hair-dresser,  sold  her 
hair,  and  deposited  the  proceeds  as  her  offering.  The 
fact  becoming  known,  the  hair  was  ultimately  resold  for 
the  benefit  of  fatherland.  Iron  rings  were  made,  each 
containing  a  portion  of  the  hair;  and  these  produced  far 
more  than  their  weight  in  gold." 

A  historical  event  of  much  interest  seems  to  be 
here  stated  in  a  manner  likely  to  produce  an  in- 
accurate impression,  in  illustration  of  which  I  beg 
to  quote  the  following  passage  from  an  official 
despatch  of  Senor  Pizarro,  the  Spanish  ambassa- 
dor in  Prussia  in  1813,  and  which  is  printed  in 
extenso  among  the  "  Pieces  Justificatives  "  in  the 
twelfth  volume  of  D'Allonville's  Memoires  d'un 
f/omme  d'Etat  (Prince  Hardenberg)  :  — 

"  La  soeur  du  roi  a  envoye  toua  ses  bijoux  au  tre'sor 
pour  soutenir  la  guerre  et  k  Pinstant  toutes  les  femmes, 
faisant  le  sacrifice  de  ce  qui  leur  est  si  cher,  se  sont  em- 
pressees  d'envoyer  les  leurs,  et  jusqu'aux  plus  legera 
ornemens,  pour  ce  louable  objet.  Quand  je  dis  toutes  les 
femmes,  je  n'exagere  point,  car  je  ne  crois  pas  que  Ton 
puisse  en  excepter  un  seul  individu,  except^  de  la  classe 
indigente,  qui  ne  possede  pas  un  seul  article  en  or.  Tous 


92 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


nd  S.  IX.  FKB.  4.  'GO. 


les  anneaux  de  mariage  ont  e'te'  deposes  sur  1'autel  de  la 
patrie,  et  le  gouvernement  a  distribue  en  echange  des 
bagues  en  fer  avec  cette  inscription,  '  J*ai  change  de  Vor 
pour  du  fer.'    Cette  bague  si  precieuse  par  sa  valeur  mo-  j 
rale  peut  encore  etre  regardee  commeun  objetde  curiosite  j 
par  la  beaute  du  travail  du  fer,  que  je  ne  crois  pas  que  j 
Ton  puisse  travaiHer  ainsi  dans  aucun  autre  pays.     Si  ; 
quelque  dame  se  permet  un  bijou,  il  est  en  fer.     II  est  j 
vrai  que  1'elegance  du  travail  compense  la  valeur  de  la  : 
matiere.     II  est  impossible  de  se  procurer  a  la  manufac- 
ture ces  bagues  patriotiques,  vu  qu'elles  sont  donnes  ex-  | 
clusivement  aux  proprie'taires  comme  un  marque  qu'il  a  | 
e'te  depose'  au  bureau  quelque  bijou  d'or  ou  d'argent  en 
don  patriotique.     Ce  que  j'envoie  ci-jointe  a  Votre  Ex- 
cellence m'a  ete  donnee  par  une  dame  qui  en  possedait 
deux,  car  tous  mes  efforts  pour  en  acheter  un  &  la  manu- 
facture ont  e'te  inutiles." 

This  account  states  distinctly  that  the  iron 
rings  were  not  procurable  except  from  govern- 
ment, and  in  exchange  for  gold  or  silver  jewels 
given  up  for  the  public  service.  MR.  BOYS'  ac- 
count, although  not  asserting  the  reverse,  seems 
to  lead  to  a  different  impression  :  for  his  episode 
of  the  maiden's  hair  has  clearly  nothing  to  do  with 
the  distribution  of  rings  by  government,  as  de- 
scribed by  Senor  Pizarro,  although  the  one  might 
be  mistaken  for  the  other,  or  rather  confounded 
with  it.  Z. 

THE  OATH  OF  VARGAS  (2nd  S.  yiii.  355.)— The 
story  (respecting  the  above  painting),  to  the  best 
of  my  recollection,  is  this :  —  One  Vargas,  a 
Spaniard,  was  appointed  by  the  Dujte  of  Alva 
chief  of  the  so-called  "  Bloody  Tribunal,"  or  In- 
quisition, established  during  the  Spanish  domina- 
tion over  the  Netherlands.  This  Vargas  was  a 
man  distinguished  by  his  fierce  bigotry  and  fana- 
ticism. On  one  occasion,  when  presiding  over 
the  aforesaid  tribunal,  he  arose  and  took  a  solemn 
oath  upon  the  crucifix  before  him,  saying  :  "  That 
if  he  knew  or"  suspected  that  his  own  father  or 
mother  were  tainted  with  the  accursed  sin  of 
heresy,  with  his  own  hands  would  he  consign  them 
to  the  stake." 

This  rather  startled  some  of  his  worthy  con- 
freres^ who  were  not  quite  prepared  to  go  to  such 
lengths.  The  picture  is  in  water-colour,  by 
Louis  Haghe,  and  was  first  exhibited  at  the  New 
Water-colour  Society  in  1841  or  1842,  and  was 
afterwards  purchased  by  one  of  the  prizehoMers 
of  the  London  Art  Union.  It  is  now  the  property 
of  W.  Leaf,  Esq.  If  your  correspondent  can  pro- 
cure one  of  the  New  Water-colour  Exhibition 
Catalogues  for  the  above  years,  he  will  find  the 
story  attached  to  the  picture.  E.  DOWNES. 

SEPULCHRAL  SLABS  AND  CROSSES  (2nd  S.  ix.  27.) 
— A  few  years  ago,  I  was  visiting  Mr.  Gaskell  at 
his  Highland  lodge,  called  Inverlair,  in  the  county 
of  Inverness,  when  I  strolled  one  day  to  a  bury- 
ing-ground,  about  two  miles  off,  most  romantically 
situated  amongst  the  mountains ;  and  there  I  saw 
several  gravestones,  placed  for  the  most  part,  as 
*  in  England,  at  the  head  of  the  bodies,  which  lay 


with  their  faces  towards  the  east ;  but  there  were 
also  monumental  stones  to  the  memory  of  two  or 
three  priests,  whose  bodies  were  laid  "  with  their 
faces  to  the  west,"  as  Mr.  Cutts  states.  And  on 
asking  some  of  the  people  present  at  a  funeral 
why  this  difference  occurred,  they  said  it  was 
the  custom  of  their  religion  to  place  the  bodies  of 
their  priests  in  this  position.  The  population  was 
almost  exclusively  Roman  Catholic. 

I  do  not  recollect  whether  the  inscriptions  were 
included  in  the  same  description  ;  but  my  impres- 
sion is,  that  they  all,  both  clerical  and  lay,  faced 
one  way.  J.  W. 

An  example  of  the  peculiarity  in  clerical  sepul- 
ture mentioned  by  your  correspondent,  occurs  in 
the  cemetery  of  the  Seven  Churches  of  Glenda- 
lough,  co.  Wicklow. 

A  portion  of  the  burying-ground,  which  occu- 
pies the  site  where  formerly  the  sacristy  stood,  is 
still  called  the  "  Priest's  House,"  and  is  set  apart 
for  the  repose  of  the  Catholic  clergy. 

The  tombstones  are  all,  to  the  best  of  my  re- 
collection, of  the  upright  kind  called  head  stones. 

The  inscriptions  over  the  clerical  graves  all 
face  the  west,  while  all  the  others  in  the  cemetery 
face  the  east.  W.  D. 

MR.  D'AVENEY  is  informed  that  the  passage  he 
cites  from  Mr.  Cutts's  otherwise  valuable  Manual 
is  wrong.  In  this  country  there  never  existed 
the  slightest  distinction  between  the  clergy  and 
laity  with  regard  to  the  placing  of  the  head  and 
feet  in  the  grave,  or  upon  their  sepulchral  stones. 
The  cleric,  from  a  bishop  down  to  the  lowliest 
clergion,  was  invariably  buried  with  his  face  to 
the  altar,  just  like  the  layman  ;  and  the  difference 
which  is  noticed  by  Mr.  Cutts  is  somewhat 
modern  in  Italy  itself,  where  it  began,  and  even 
there  had  no  existence  before  the  sixteenth  cen- 
tury. If  MR.  D'AVENEY  will  look  into  Dr.  Rock's 
Church  of  our  Fathers  (torn.  ii.  p.  473.),  he  will 
find  this  very  question  gone  into.  LITURGIST. 

BOOKSTALLS  (2nd  S.  viii.  494.)  —  As  a  pendant 
to  ABRACADABRA'S  communication  on  this  subject, 
I  send  an  extract  from  an  unpublished  volume  of 
"  Recollections  of  the  late  George  Stokes,  Esq." : — 

"  One  interesting  fact  Mr.  Stokes  was  accustomed  to 
mention  in  connexion  with  these  editorial  labours :  he 
was  exceedingly  anxious  to  compare  Wickliffe's  Lani 
of  Light,  written  about  1400,  with  one  of  the  early  coi 
of  the  work,  from  a  conviction  that  various  errors  had 
crept  into  the  later  editions.  He  inquired  in  every  direc- 
tion for  the  work,  searched  many  libraries  and  catalogues, 
but  all  in  vain.  He  had  occasion  to  visit  the  British 
Museum  for  some  literary  purposes,  and  had  the  proof- 
sheets  of  Wickliffe's  writings  in  his  pocket.  On  retiring 
from  the  Museum,  he  passed  down  a  court  leading  into 
Lincoln's  Inn  Fields,  and  observed  in  an  old  tea-chest  a 
number  of  books,  all  marked  sixpence  each.  He  was  led 
by  curiosity  to  examine  the  lot ;  and  there,  to  his  joyful 
surprise,  he  found  the  old  black-letter  book  he  had  long 
been  seeking  in  vain.  This  book  he  valued  at  several 


S.  IX.  FEB.  4.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


93 


pounds.  On  examining  the  work,  he  discovered  that 
his  suspicions  were  well  founded  as  to  the  inaccuracies  of 
the  more  recent  editions."  —  pp.  28,  29. 

THE  DBISHEEN  CITY.  —  The  note  on  the 
"Origin  of  Cockney"  (2nd  S.  ix.  42.)  calls  to 
mind  a  name  given  to  the  city  of  Cork  —  "  The 
Drisheen  City"  —  consequent  on  a  dish  peculiar 
to  Cork.  I  have  often  heard  of  that  dish,  but 
never  tasted  it.  Of  what  is  it  composed  ?  It  is 
not  considered  complimentary  to  a  Cork  man,  to 
ask  him  if  he  is  a  native  of  the  "  Drisheen  City  ?" 

S.  REDMOND. 

Liverpool. 

SON  OF  PASCAL  PAOLI,  ETC.  (2nd  S.  viii.  399. 
502.)  —  Can  any  farther  particulars  be  given  of 
the  unfortunate  Colonel  Frederic  ?  I  have  re- 
ferred to  the  Gent's  Mag.,  1797,  p.  172.,  but  find 
that  the  account  of  the  suicide  of  the  son  becomes 
merely  a  peg  whereon  to  hang  an  account  of  the 
reverses  and  death  of  the  father.  I  have  before 
me  a  little  volume  by  the  former,  entitled  — 

"  Memoirs  of  Corsica ;  containing  the  Natural  and  Po- 
litical History  of  that  important  Island;  the  principal 
Events,  Revolutions,  &c.,  from  the  remotest  Period  to 
the  present  Time.  Also  an  Account  of  its  Products, 
Advantageous  Situation,  and  Strength  by  Sea  and  Land. 
Together  with  a. Variety  of  interesting  Particulars  which 
have  been  hitherto  unknown.  Illustrated  with  a  New 
and  Accurate  Map  of  Corsica,  by  Frederick,  son  of  Theo- 
dore late  King  of  Corsica."  London,  &c.,  12mo.,  1768, 
pp.  165. 

WILLIAM  BATES. 

ANNO  REGNI  REGIS  (2nd  S.  viii.  513.)  — 
Supposing  that  a  king  comes  to  the  throne  in  A.D. 
1850,  and  that  his  regnal  years  are  reckoned  from 
a  given  day  of  a  given  month  in  that  year,  e.  g. 
from  the  10th  June ;  his  first  year  will  contain 
the  days  commencing  with  10th  June,  1850,  and 
terminating  with  9th  June,  1851 ;  his  second  year 
the  days  commencing  with  10th  June,  1851,  and 
terminating  with  9th  June,  1852,  and  so  on;  his 
fifth  year,  containing  the  days  commencing  with 
10th  June,  1854,  and  terminating  with  9th  June, 
1855  ;  and  his  tenth,  the  days  commencing  with 
10th  June,  1859,  and  terminating  with  9th  June, 
1860.  To  find  in  what  year  of  our  Lord  any  day 
in  a  given  regnal  year  falls  will  not  be  difficult ; 
suppose  13th  July,  in  the  18th  year  of  the  king 
be  proposed,  his  18th  year  commences  with  10th 
June,  1867,  and  ends  with  9th  June,  1868;  the 
proposed  day  will  fall,  therefore,  in  A.D.  1867. 
Generally  the  nth  year  of  the  reign  will  end  in  A.D. 
(1850-|-n)  on  the  9th  June,  and  of  course  com- 
mence on  the  10th  June,  A.D.  (1850-f-w — 1)  or 
A.D.  (1849+ w)  ;  and  from  this  it  is  easy  to  see  in 
what  A.D.  any  proposed  day  of  any  A.  B.  will  fall. 

If,  however,  the  king's  reign  commences  on  a 

moveable  feast,  as  that  of  our  own  King  John 

did,  recourse  must  be  had  to  a  perpetual  almanac, 

ables  of  regnal  years,  in  order  to  discover  on 


what  days  of  the  month  the  successive  feasts  fell 
in  successive  years  of  our  Lord.  If,  as  occasion- 
ally happened  in  the  reign  of  King  John,  a  regnal 
year  terminates  later  in  a  year  of  our  Lord  than 
it  commenced  in  the  preceding  year,  a  certain 
number  of  days  in  the  two  years  of  our  Lord 
will  be  common  to  the  same  regnal  year;  and 
further  information,  such  as  the  mention  of  the 
days  of  the  week  corresponding  to  these  doubtful 
days,  or  their  distance  from  a  feast-day,  will 
be  necessary  before  it  can  be  decided  to  which 
year  they  belong.  Thus,  suppose  the  6th  regnal 
year  to  commence  on  10th  June,  1859,  and  on  the 
17th  June,  1860,  these  two  days  being  assumed 
to  answer  respectively  to  a  moveable  feast  and  its 
eve,  it  is  clear  that  the  10th,  llth,  12th,  13th, 
14tb,  15th,  16th,  and  17th  June,  A.  B.  6,  may  be- 
long either  to  A.D.  1859,  or  A.D.  1860.  But  if 
in  addition  we  should  know  that,  e.  g.  the  12th 
June,  A.  B.  6,  was  Whit-Sunday,  it  would  be  clear 
that  it  belonged  to  the  former  A.D.,  and  not  to  the 
latter. 

If  MB.  HUTCHINSON'S  Query,  which  I  cannot 
agree  with  him  in  considering  "  foolish,"  be 
aimed  at  more  recondite  difficulties  than  these,  I 
can  only  regret  that  I  should  have  missed  them  in 
this  reply.  H.  F. 

A  GLOUCESTEBSHIBE  STOBY. — In  2nd  S.  viii.  304. 
mention  is  made  of  the  old  manor-house  of  the 
family  of  Stephens,  styled  Chavenage,  near  Tet- 
bury  ;  and  now  occupied  by  the  Hon.  Mr.  Buller 
(of  the  Churston  family),  which  stands  upon  its 
original  elevation,  with  its  furniture  of  the  age  of 
Queen  Elizabeth  ;  and  the  hall  of  which  contains 
a  considerable  collection  of  armour  and  weapons 
which  saw  the  fields  of  battle  then  raging  on  the 
Cotswold  hills,  in  the  time  of  Charles  I. 

It  appears  that  Nathaniel  Stephens,  then  in 
Parliament  for  Gloucestershire,  was  keeping  the 
festival  of  Christmas,  1648,  at  Chavenage,  having 
shown  much  irresolution  in  deciding  upon  sacri- 
ficing the  life  of  the  monarch,  was  wavering  on 
the  subject,  when  Ireton,  who  had  been  dispatched 
"  to  whet  his  almost  blunted  purpose,"  arrived  at 
the  manor-house  —  and  sat  up,  it  is  said,  all  night 
in  obtaining  his  reluctant  acquiescence  to  the 
sentence  of  the  king  from  the  Lord  of  Chavenage. 
It  appears  that  in  May,  1649,  the  latter  was  seized 
with  a  fatal  sickness,  and  died  the  2nd  of  that 
month,  expressing  his  regret  for  having  partici- 
pated in  the  execution  of  the  sovereign. 

So  far  circumstances  have  every  semblance  of 
fact,  but  on  these  a  legendary  tale  has  been 
founded,  which  the  superstitious  and  the  believers 
in  supernatural  appearances  are  now  only  begin- 
ning to  disbelieve.  When  all  the  relatives  had 
assembled,  and  their  several  well-known  equipages 
were  crowding  the  court-yard  to  proceed  with 
the  obsequies,  the  household  were  surprised  to 


94 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


g.  ix.  FEB.  4. 


observe  that  another  coach  ornamented  in  even 
more  than  the  gorgeous  embellishments  of  that 
splendid  period,  anO.  drawn  by  black  horses,  was 
approaching  the  door  in  great  solemnity.  When 
it  arrived,  the  door  of  the  vehicle  opened  in  some 
unseen  manner ;  and,  clad  in  his  shroud,  the  shade 
of  the  lord  of  the  manor  glided  into  the  carriage, 
and  the  door  instantly  closing  upon  him,  the  coach 
rapidly  withdrew  from  the  house ;  not,  however, 
with  such  speed,  but  there  was  time  to  perceive 
that  the  driver  was  a  beheaded  man,  that  he  was 
arrayed  in  the  royal  vestments,  with  the  garter 
moreover  on  his  leg,  and  the  star  of  that  illus- 
trious order  upon  his  breast.  No  sooner  had  the 
coach  arrived  at  the  gateway  of  the  manor  court, 
than  the  whole  appearance  vanished  in  flames  of 
fire.  The  story  farther  maintains  that,  to  this  day, 
every  Lord  of  Chavenage  dying  in  the  manor- 
house  takes  his  departure  in  this  awful  manner. 

PROVINCIALIS. 

AMBIGUOUS  PROPER  1ST  AMES  IN  PROPHECIES  (2nd 
S.  vii.  395.)  —  In  previous  articles  examples  have 
been  collected  of  ambiguities  in  predictions  re- 
specting the  death  of  celebrated  persons.  The 
following  may  be  added  to  the  number.  JEschy- 
lus  had  been  warned  by  a  prophecy  that  he  would 
be  killed  by  a  "  bolt  from  heaven."  Being  in 
Sicily  on  a  visit  to  Hiero,  an  eagle,  which  had 
carried  away  a  tortoise,  dropped  it  from  aloft  in 
order  to  crack  its  shell ;  but  the  animal  fell  upon 
JEschylus,  and  caused  his  death,  although  the 
clearness  of  the  sky  had  removed  from  his  mind 
all  idea  of  danger.  It  is  said  that  this  verse  was 
engraved  on  his  tomb  :  -— 

"  Ale-rov  e£  QVVX&V  /3p«yju,a  TVJrels  eOavov." 

See  Biograph.  Grcec.,  ed.  Westermann,  p.  120. 
122. ;  Pliri.  N.  H.  x.  3.  L. 

TRANSLATIONS  (OR  IMITATIONS)  OF  MELEAGER 
(2nd  S.  ix.  12,)— If  SENEX  will  refer  to  "  N.  &  Q." 
2ud  S.  iv.  251.,  he  will  find  an  account  of  the  Rev. 
Edward  William  Barnard,  of  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge,  incumbent  of  Brantinghamthorp, 
Yorkshire.  He  is  there  stated  by  yourself,  Mr. 
Editor,  to  have  published  Trifles,  imitative  of  the 
Chaster  Style  of  Meleager,  (Carpenter,  1818, 
8vo.)  'AAteu*. 

Dublin. 

HERBERT  KNOWLES  (2nd  S.  viii.  28.  55.  79.  116. 
153.)  —  I  have  consulted  the  various  works  quoted 
by  your  correspondents  as  containing  notices  and 
poems  of  Herbert  Knowles,  except  the  Literary 
Gazette,  which  I  have  not  been  able  to  procure. 
With  the  exception  of  a  fragment  of  eignt  lines, 
entitled  "  Love,"  none  of  them  contain  any  other 
verses,  except  those  given  by  D.  '("  N.  &  Q.,"  p. 
153.),  and  the  "  Three  Tabernacles."  Is  there 
leally  nothing  more  of  bis  in  print? 

Knowles  is  spoken  of  in  Southey's  Life  as  an 


orphan,  whose  education  was  principally  paid  for 
by  strangers.  How  is  this  statement  to  be  recon- 
ciled with  that  of  your  correspondent  J.  S.  ("  S; 
&  Q.,"  p.  79.),  who  says  he  was  the  brother  of  J. 
C.  Knowles,  an  eminent  barrister  and  Q.  C.  ? 

H.  E.  WILKINSON. 
Bayswater. 

THE  MOHOCKS  (2na  S.  viii.  288.)  —  See  Swift's 
Letters,  5th  ed,  Lond.  1767,  8vo.  vol.  i.  pp.  141. 
143.  149.  .  JOSEPH  Rix. 

BURIAL  IN  A  SITTING  POSTURE  (2nd  S.  ix.  44.) 
— I  can  give  EXUL  two  instances  of  nations  bury- 
ing their  dead  sitting, — the  Nasamones,  a  Libyan 
tribe,  who  were  said  by  Herodotus  (Bk.  iv.  190.) 
to  bury  their  dead  sitting,  and  to  be  careful  to 
prevent  anyone  dying  in  a  reclining  position  ; — 
and  the  Japanese,  who  bury  their  dead  sitting, 
and  carry  them  to  the  grave  in  a  kind  of  sedan- 
chair.  See  a  picture  and  notice  of  their  mode  of 
burial  iii  vol.  ii.  of  the  Narrative  of  Lord  Elgin '.? 
Mission  to  China  and  Japan,  in  1857,  '58,  '59. 
By  L.  Oliphant.  Blackwood,  1860.  T.  H.  W. 


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NOTES    AND    QUERIES. 


FOZ.K.  I.ORE. 

ON  the  completion  of  the  First  Series  of  NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 
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curious  articles  scattered  through  the  twelve  volumes  would  be  wel- 
come to  a  numerous  body  of  readers.  It  was  said  that  such  a  selection, 
judiciously  made,  would  not  only  add  to  0.  class  of  books  of  which  we 
nave  too  few  in  English  literature,  —  we  mean  books  of  the  pleasant 
gossiping  character  of  the  French  ANA  for  the  amusement  of  the 
general  reader,  —  but  would  serve  in  some  measure  to  supply  the  place 
of  the  entire  series  to  those  who  might  not  P9ssess  it. 

It  has  been  determined  to  carry  out  this  idea  by  the  publication  of  a 
few  small  volumes,  each  devoted  to  a  particular  subject.  The  first, 
which  was  published  some  time  since,  is  devoted  to  History  :  and  we 
trust  that  whether  the  reader  looks  at  the  value  of  the  original  docu- 
ments there  reprinted,  or  the  historical  truths  therein  established,  he 


will  be  disposed  to  address  the  book  in  the  words  of  Cowper,  so  happily 
suggested   by  Mr.  Peter  Cunningham 
NOTES  AND  QUERIES  itself,- 


, 
as  the  appropriate   motto  of 


"  By  thee  I  might  correct,  erroneous  oft, 
The  clock  of  History  —  facts  and  events 
Timing  more  punctual,  unrecorded  facts 
Recovering,  and  mis-stated  setting  right." 

While  on  the  other  hand  the  volume,  from  its  miscellaneous  character, 
has,  we  hope,  been  found  an  acceptable  addition  to  that  pleasant  class 
of  books  which  Horace  Walpole  felicitously  describes  as  "  lounging 
books,  books  which  one  takes  up  in  the  gout,  low  spirits,  ennui,  or 
when  one  is  waiting  for  company." 

Now  ready,  neatly  printed,  in  Foolscap  8vo.,  price  5s., 

CHOICE    NOTES 


NOTES      A 


QUERIES. 


HISTORY. 

"It  is  full  of  curious  matter,  pleasant  to  read,  and  well  worthy  of 
preservation  in  permanent  shape."  —Leader. 

London  :   BELL  &  DALDY,  186.  Fleet  Street. 


Printed  by  GEOROE  ANDREW  SPOTTISWOODE,  of  No.  10.  Little  New  Street,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  City  of  London,  at  No. 5.  New-stre< 
Square,  in  the  said  Parish,  and  published  by  GEORGE  BELL,  of  No.  186.  Fleet  Street,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Dunstan  in  the  West , in  the  City  < 

London, Publisher, at  No.  186.  Fleet  Street, aforesaid.— Saturday.  February  4, 1860. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

A  MEDIUM   OF   INTER-COMMUNICATION 

FOB 

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SATURDAY,  FEBRUARY  11.  1860. 


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2»d  S.  IX,  FEB.  11.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


95 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  FEBRUARY  11.  I860. 


NO.  215.  — CONTENTS. 

NOTES:  — Dr.  John  Wall  is,  95  —  Sir  Peter  Paul  Rubens: 
"  Spiriting  away,"  96  —  The  Nine  Men's  Morris,  97  —  Prin- 
ters' Marks,  Emblems,  and  Mottoes,  98— Gunpowder-plot 
Papers,  99. 

MINOR  NOTES:  — How  a  Toad  undresses  —  Biographical 
Notes  from  the  Admission  Register  of  Merchant  Taylors 
School— Richard  Person,  100. 

QUERIES :  —  Hornbooks  —  Age  of  the  Horse — The  Land  of 
Byheest  —  Water  Flannel  —  Stuart's  "  History  of  Ar- 
magh "— Hymn-book  —  Dr.  Johnson :  Delany— Monsieur 
Tassies  —  Songs  and  Poems,  &c.  —  Ussher's  "  Version  of  the 
Bible"  — Glasgow  Hood  — Symbol  of  the  Sow  — Fane's 
Psalms  —  Soiled-Books  —  Jethro  Tull  —  Sir  Samuel  More- 
land—Anglo-Saxon  Poems,  101. 

QUEEIES  WITH  ANSWEES:  — The  Sinews  of  War  —  "Del- 
phin  Editions  "  —  Barley  Sugar  —  "  Essaies  Politicke  and 
Morall "  —  Longevity  —  White  Elephant,  103. 

REPLIES:  — Dr.  Hickes's  Manuscripts,  105  —  Burghead : 
Singular  Custom  :  Clavie :  Durie,  106  —  Malsh,  Ib.  —  Brass 
at  West  Herling :  "  et  pro  quibus  tenentur,"  107  —  Sundry 
Replies,  108  — Rev.  John  Genest  —  Firelock  and  Bayonet 
Exercise  — Destruction  of  MSS.  —Dicky  Dickinson— Sea- 
breaches  —  Heraldic  Drawings  and  Engravings  —  Crowe 
Family — King  Bladud  and  his  Pigs  —  Robert  Keith  —  The 
Yea-and-Nay  Academy  of  Compliments  —  Bavin  —  Tay- 
lor the  Platonist —  Notes  on  Regiments  —  Hymns  — 
Thomas  Maud  —  Marriage  Law  — Lloyd,  or  Floyd,  the  Je- 
suit—Sir Henry  Rowswell  —  Names  of  Numbers  and  the 
Hand  —  Chalking  Lodgings— Flower  de  Luce  and  Toads 
—  Radicals  in  European  Languages  —  Greek  Word,  108. 

Notes  on  Books. 


DR.  JOHN  WALLIS. 

Among  the  founders  of  the  Royal  Society,  dis- 
tinguished as  many  of  them  were  by  breadth  and 
liberality  of  pursuits,  perhaps  none  displayed  a 
greater  versatility  than  Dr.  Wallis.  As  a  mathe- 
matician he  corresponded  on  equal  terms  with 
Flamstead,  Leibnitz,  and  Newton,  and  solved  the 
puzzles  proposed  to  scientific  Europe  by  Fermat 
and  Pascal. 

His  scholarship,  an  acquisition  then  perhaps 
more  usual  and  more  esteemed  among  mathe- 
maticians than  now,  was  shown  in  the  publication 
of  valuable  editions  of  several  Greek  mathe- 
matical and  musical  writers,  and  in  his  English 
Grammar,  a  work  which  was  the  basis  of  many 
succeeding  grammars,  was  often  reprinted  (<?.  g. 
with  the  tract  De  Loquela,  Hamburg,  1688,  8vo. 
and  by  Bowyer  In  1765),  and,  in  spite  of  some 
absurd  etymologies,  may  still  be  perused  with 
pleasure  and  profit.  His  theological  writings 
have  been  commended  by  Archbishop  Whately  ;  a 
volume  of  his  sermons*  was  thought  worthy  of 
publication  towards  the  close  of  last  century,  and 
his  Letters  on  the  Trinity  have  been  reprinted  in 

*  "  Sermon*;  now  first  printed  from  the  original  manu- 
scripts of  John  Wallis,  D.D.,  sometime  Savilian  Pro- 
fessor of  Geometry To  which  are  prefixed  Memoirs 

of  the  Author. . . .  London.  1771."  8vo. 


our  own  day.  By  his  skill  in  the  art  of  deciphering 
he  more  than  once  did  good  service  to  the  govern- 
ment in  its  struggles  with  France ;  while  he  ap- 
plied his  observations  on  the  formation  of  sounds 
to  the  discovery  of  a  method  of  "  teaching  dumb 
persons  to  speak."  It  is  greatly  to  be  desired 
that  some  one  capable  of  doing  him  justice  would 
draw  up  a  fuller  memoir  of  Wallis  than  has  yet 
appeared.  The  following  references  will  show 
that  materials  abound  : — Wood's  Fasti  and  Athena, 
Biographia  Britannica,  General  Dictionary,  and 
Chalmers,  under  "  John  Wallis ;  "  his  own  auto- 
biography published  after  the  preface  to  Hearne's 
Langtoft ;  Saxii  Onomasticon,  iv.  553.;  indexes 
to  the  Lansdowne  MSS.  and  to  the  diaries  of 
Evelyn,  Pepys,  Thoresby,  Hearne,  and  Worthing- 
ton.  Le  Neve,  Monum.  Anglic.  (1700—1715), 
p.  58. ;  John  Dunton's  Life  (ed.  Nichols),  pp.  658 
—  661.;  Baxter's  Life  (see  Index);  Monthly 
Mag.  for  1802,  vol.  ii.  p.  521. ;  Aubrey's  Lives; 
Calamy's  Own  Times,  i.  272—275.;  Life  of  Isaac 
Milles,  138, 139. ;  Philos.  Trans.^  No.  xvi.  p.  264.  ; 
letters  in  Sir  L.  Jenkins'  Works,  ii.  654.;  in  Europ. 
Mag.  vol.  xlix.  pp.  345,  427.  (against  adopting 
the  Gregorian  year) ;  in  Neal's  Puritans  (ed. 
Toulrnin),  iv.  390.,  and  in  R.  Boyle's  Works  (to 
Boyle)  ;  in  Edleston's  Newton  Correspondence,  p. 
300.  (to  Newton)  ;  many  letters  and  notices  in 
Rigaud's  Correspondence  of  Scientific  Men  of  the 
Seventeenth  Century  (Oxf.  1841,  2  vols.);  a  letter 
to  Bp.  Lloyd  in  Bp.  Nicolson's  Correspondence, 
i.  121.  seq.;  letters  from  Fermat  in  F.'s  Varia 
Opera  Mathematica  (1679)  ;  one  fromOlave  Rud- 
beck  (4to.,  Upsala,  1703 ;  in  the  Bodleian) ; 
verses  on  Eliz.  Wilkinson  (Sam.  Clarke's  Lives, 
1677,  pp.  428,  429.) 

He  was  a  friend  of  Kennett's  (Kennett's  Life, 
p.  3.)  ;  of  Dr.  Thomas  Smith's  (Smith's  Vitas, 
&c.,  Pnef.  p.  x.);  of  Cosimo  Brunetti's  (Tira- 
boschi,  ed.  Firenze,  1812,  vol.  viii.  p.  98.) 

He  was  engaged  to  decipher  letters  *  proving 
the  Prince  of  Wales  ("  James  III.")  to  be  a  sup- 
posititious child ;  on  which  Kneller,  who  took 
his  portrait  for  Pepys,  told  the  doctor  in  broken 
English,  that  an  expert  might  be  mistaken  in 
characters,  but  a  painter  could  not  be  mistaken  in 
his  lines.  (See  the  racy  anecdote  in  Europ. 
Mag.  Feb.  1797,  pp.  87,  88.)  On  his  Algebra, 
see  Edleston's  Newton  Correspondence,  p.  191.; 
cf.  ibid.  276,  277.,  and  Whiston's  Life,  p.  269. 
His  "  Remarks "  were  printed  with  Thos.  Sal- 
mon's Proposal  to  perform  Music  in  Perfect  and 
Mathematical  Proportions,  Lond.  1688,  4to.  On 
his  answer  to  Hobbes,  see  Europ.  Mag.  Aug.  1799, 
pp.  91,  92.  (Ibid.  Nov.  1798,  p.  308.  is  an  abusive 
notice  of  him  by  Aubrey.) 

He  was  a  witness  against  Laud  (Prynne's  Can- 

*  The  author  of  Barwick's  Life  (see  Index)  wrongly 
states  that  Willis  deciphered  intercepted  letters  of 
Charles  I. 


96 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2nd  s.  IX.  FEB.  11.  '60. 


terb.    Doome,  p.   73.)      On  the  other   hand,   in 
common  with  the  leading  Puritans,  he  signed 

"  A  serious  and  faithfull  Representation  of  the  Judge- 
ments of  Ministers  of  the  Gospell  Within  the  Province  of 
London.  Contained  in  a  LETTER  from  them  to  the 
GENERALL  and  his  COUNCELL  of  WARRE.  Deliuered  to 
his  EXCELLENCY  by  some  of  the  Subscribers,  Jan.  18. 
1648  [i.  e.  164|.]  London,  1649."  (4to.), 

and  also  the  — 

"  Vindication  of  the  Ministers  of  the  Gospel  in  and 
about  London,  from  the  unjust  Aspersions  cast  upon  their 
former  Actings  for  the  Parliament,  as  if  they  had  pro- 
moted the  bringing  of  the  King  to  Capitall  punishment. 
WITH  A  short  Exhortation  to  their  People  to  keep  close 
to  their  Covenant-Ingagement.  London.  1648."  4to. 

Wallis  again,  and  more  successfully,  endea- 
voured to  moderate  the  excesses  of  the  triumphant 
Puritans,  when  with  Wilkins,  Ward,  and  Owen, 
he  threatened  them  with 

"  The  infinite  contempt  and  reproach  which  would 
certainly  fall  upon  them,  when  it  should  be  said  that 
they  had  turned  out  a  man  [Pocock]  for  insufficiency, 
whom  all  the  learned,  not  of  England  only,  but  of  all 
Europe,  so  justly  admired  for  his  vast  knowledge  and 
extraordinary  accomplishments."  (Lives  of  Pocock, 
Pearce,  Newton,  and  Skelton,  i.  174. ;  cf.  ibid.  137.  231.) 

He  was  himself  among  the  triers,  and  his  letters 
to  Matthew  Poole  (Baker's  MS.  xxxiv.  460.  seq., 
and  thence  in  Z.  Grey's  Answer  to  Neal's  4th 
volume,  Append.  No.  83.  seq,)  contain  some  of 
the  best  extant  materials  for  the  history  of  their 
proceedings.  J.  E.  B.  MAYOR. 

St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 


SIR  PETER  PAUL  RUBENS: 

"  SPIRITING  AWAY." 

I  am  indebted  to  the  arrangement  of  the  Do- 
mestic Papers  of  Car.  I.  in  the  State  Paper  Office,' 
now  in  course  of  being  calendared  by  Mr.  Bruce, 
for  a  letter,  which  has  lately  turned  up,  from  Se- 
cretary Sir  John  Coke  to  Secretary  Lord  Dor- 
chester. 

It  possesses  I  think  a  two-fold  interest,  both  as 
relating  to  the  time  of  the  great  Flemish  painter's 
departure  from  England  and  to  the  "  spiriting 
away,"  if  the  term  may  be  aptly  used  in  this 
sense,  of  "  gentel women "  to  the  Spanish  nun- 
neries, and  of  "  yong  boies  "  to  the  schools  of  the 
Jesuits. 

With  reference  to  the  departure  of  Rubens 
from  London,  I  have  already  stated  my  belief  that 
he  left  London  about  22nd  Feb.  1630  (vide  "  N. 
&  Q."  2nd  S.  viii.  436.).  From  the  contents  of 
Sec.  Coke's  letter  it  would,  however,  appear  that 
Rubens  had  not  left  Dover  on  2nd  March,  1630 ; 
and  it  is  probable  that  he  was  farther  detained 
there  two  or  three  days,  waiting  for  the  King's 
reply  to  this  letter. 

It  may  be  worthy  of  remark  that  Rubens'  arri- 


val in  England,  as  well  as  his  departure  from  this 
country,  were  delayed  by  causes  as  unforeseen  as 
they  were  unexpected.  The  Marq.  de  Ville's 
hesitation  to  go  to  Dunkirk,  in  one  of  the  King's 
ships,  which  ship  was  appointed  to  fetch  Rubens 
from  thence,  delayed  his  arrival ;  Charles  I.'s  per- 
mission for  certain  English  subjects  to  accompany 
the  Spanish  ambassador's  son-in-law  and  Rubens, 
delayed  his  departure.  The  Frenchman  was  in 
no  hurry  to  comply  with  the  King's  wish  that  he 
should  leave  England ;  the  English  were  waiting 
for  Charles  I.'s  permission  to  do  so. 

It  is  evident  that  Sec.  Coke  considered  this 
letter  of  no  little  importance. 

"  Right  honorable, 

"  I  receaved  an  advertisment  that  above  a  dozen  yong 
women  and  boies  attended  at  the  ports  to  get  passage 
under  the  protection  of  the  Spanish  Ambassador's  sonne- 
in-law  and  Monsr  Rubens.  And  because  1  found  it  was 
donne  wthout  his  Mte8  knowledg,  or  anie  licence  sowght 
from  the  state,  I  thowght  it  my  dutie  to  prevent  it,  and 
not  to  suffer  such  an  affront  to  bee  cast  uppon  us,  that 
Ambassadors  or  Agents  of  Foren  Princes  should  assume 
such  a  libertie,  wch  is  not  permitted  in  those  contries 
from  whence  they  are  imploied,  nor  was  indured  here  in 
for-mer  times.  I  did  therfore  give  notice  therof  by  letter 
to  the  Lord  Warden  of  the  Cinq  Ports,  whose  careful 
ministers  in  his  absence  gave  order  for  their  stay.  Now 
this  night  I  receaved  a  letter  from  the  Spanish  Ambassa- 
dor taking  knowledg  that  an  English  gentelwoman  was 
going  over  in  the  companie  of  his  sonne  in  law  Don  Jean 
de  Vasques  and  Mons.  Rubens,  wth  a  maid  servant  and 
two  other  gentelmen  that  had  passes  from  the  Lords  of 
the  Councel,  to  the  end  that  the  said  gentelwomau 
should  bee  ther  maried  to  a  chevalier  of  good  accompt,  in 
regward  wherof  his  Lordship  desired  mee  to  take  order 
for  their  release  and  free  passage.  I  answered  that  his 
Lordship  wel  understood  that  by  our  lawes  none  but  mer- 
chants could  pass  beyond  the  seas  wthout  licence  from  his 
Mte  or  his  Councel" under  six  of  their  hands.  If  bee 
pleased  to  make  known  the  names  and  qualities  of  theis 
women,  I  would  move  the  Lords,  who  1  doubted  not 
would  proceed  wth  due  respect  to  his  Lordship,  if  they 
found  no  just  cause  for  his  Mates  service  to  refuse  them 
allowance.  But  this  gave  him  not  content,  and  hee  pur- 
poseth  (as  his  jnessinger  tould  mee)  to  send  presently  to 
his  Mate  for  coiuands.  In  regward  wherof  I  thowght  fit 
to  give  his  Mate  this  accompt,  and  then  to  obey  what  hee 
shal  direct.  The  advertisment  I  receaved  was  that  theis 
women  went  (sic)  sent  over  wth  good  portions  to  bee  put 
into  Nunneries,  wch  they  cale  mareage,  wch  is  the  ordi- 
narie  stile  of  al  their  letters,  and  this  is  ment  by  the 
mareage  of  this  gentelwoman.  The  yong  boies  are  sent 
to  the  schooles  of  the  Jesuites,  and  go  not  emptie  handed. 
I  thowght  it  a  good  service  to  interrupt  this  libertie  iu 
regward  of  the  consequence,  so  I  rest, 

"  Your  Lordship's  humble  Servant, 
"  JOHN  COKK. 

"  London, 

«  2  March,  1629-30." 

(Indorsed.) 
"FOR  HIS  MTBS  ESPETIAL,  AFFAIRS. 

"  To  the  right  honorable  the  Lord  Viscount  Dorches- 
ter, principal  Secretarie  of  State  to  his  Mte,  give 
this  at  Newmarket. 
"  hast,  hast, 
'  hast,  post  hast. 
"  London,  2  March,  at  seven  in  the  morning." 


.  IX.  FEB.  11.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


97 


I  have  said  that  this  letter  is  interesting  as  re- 
lating to  the  spiriting  away  of  gentlewomen  and 
young  boys.  It  is,  however,  perhaps  scarcely  cor- 
rect to  apply  the  term  "spiriting  away"  to  Ru- 
bens and  Don  Juan  de  Vasquez  for  persuading 
these  people  to  leave  their  native  country  for  a 
foreign  state.  A  few  years  later  it  might  per- 
haps have  been  called  so  by  many  who  then  com- 
plained of  somewhat  similar  practices. 

By  reference  to  one  of  the  volumes  of  Mr. 
Bruce's  Calendar,  Car.  I.  vol.  i.  p.  196.  art.  23., 
I  find  that  one  John  Philipot,  bailiff  of  Sandwich, 
petitions  the  council  in  consequence  of  an  occur- 
rence somewhat  similar  to  that  described  in 
Secretary  Coke's  letter.  The  bailiff  complains 
that  divers  watermen  of  London  had  lately  con- 
veyed two  boats  full  of  young  children  to  Tilbury 
Hope,  where  a  ketch  stayed  to  take  them  to  Flan- 
ders ;  and  he  prays  that  the  Master  of  the  Water- 
men's Company  may  be  required  to  bring  forth 
these  men,  "  that  so  they  may  answer  for  this 
offence,  and  some  remedy  may  be  given  for  pre- 
venting the  like  courses  in  time  to  come."  This 
petition  is  endorsed  "  Mr.  Phillpott  about  spirits." 

In  the  early  part  of  the  succeeding  reign,  the 
practice  of  spiriting  away  was  much  resorted  to, 
and  a  thriving  trade  was  driven  by  many  "wicked 
persons"  who  by  fraud  or  violence  sent  over 
"  servants  "  and  others  to  inhabit  the  then  rapidly 
increasing  English  plantations  abroad.  Several 
petitions  were  presented  to  Charles  II.  and  his 
council  from  merchants,  as  well  as  planters^  mas- 
ters of  ships,  and  others,  against  "  the  wicked 
practise  of  a  lewd  sort  of  people  called  Spirits  and 
their  complices."  Complaints  were  made  that  there 
was  "  a  wicked  custom  to  seduce  or  spirit  away 
young  people"  to  go  to  the  foreign  plantations  in 
various  capacities;  and  that  such  a  practice  existed 
seems  to  have  been  so  universally  believed  that  when 
any  persons,  more  particularly  of  inferior  station, 
were  about  to  leave  the  country,  it  was  concluded 
that  they  were  spirited  away.  This  led  to  incal- 
culable mischief,  and  many  frauds  and  robberies 
were  committed  in  consequence.  "Evil-minded 
people  "  voluntarily  offered  to  go  on  a  voyage,  or 
to  settle  in  a  distant  colony.  They  received  money, 
clothes,  and  other  necessaries  for  their  outfit ;  but 
no  sooner  did  the  vessel  get  clear  of  Gravesend, 
or  put  into  any  port,  than  they  contrived  to  get 
away.  They  pretended  they  were  betrayed,  car- 
ried off  without  ttheir  consent,  in  fact,  spirited 
away. 

William  Haverland,  himself  "a  spirit,"  in  his 
information  taken  upon  oath,  declares  that  John 
Steward,  of  St.  Katherine's  parish,  Middlesex, 
hath  used  to  spirit  persons  away  beyond  the  seas 
for  the  space  of  twelve  years ;  and  he  several  times 
confessed  that  "  he  had  spirited  away  five  hundred 
in  a  year." 

To  prevent  the  evils  which  must  have  resulted 


from  such  extraordinary  proceedings,  Charles  II. 
granted  a  commission,  in  Sept.  1664,  to  the  Duke 
of  York  and  others  to  examine  all  persons  before 
going  abroad ;  whether  "  they  go  voluntarily, 
without  compulsion,  or  any  deceitful  or  sinister 
practise  whatsoever."  At  the  same  time  the  King 
erected  an  "  office  for  taking  and  registering  the 
consents,  agreements,  and  covenants  of  such  per- 
sons, male  or  female,  as  shall  voluntarily  go  or  be 
sent  as  servants  to  any  of  our  plantations  in 
America."  It  was  however,  notwithstanding  this 
commission,  found  necessary  to  resort  to  parlia- 
ment for  prevention  of  these  abuses;  and  at 
length,  on  18th  March,  1670,  "An  Act"  was 
passed  (see  Commons'  Journal,  p.  142.)  "  to  pre- 
vent stealing  and  transporting  children  and  other 
persons ; "  whereby  any  person  spiriting  away  by 
fraud  or  enticement,  with  the  design  to  sell,  carry 
away,  or  transport  any  person  beyond  the  sea, 
shall  suffer  death  as  a  felon  without  clergy. 

W.  NOEL  SAINSBURY. 


THE  NINE  MEN'S  MORRIS. 

In  the  note  on  u  The  nine  men's  morris  is  filled 
up  with  mud"  (M.  N.  J>.,  ii.  1.),  in  the  Variorum 
Shakespeare  this  game  is  described  by  Mr.  James, 
evidently  from  his  own  knowledge  of  it,  and  a 
diagram  is  annexed ;  but  from  neither  the  de- 
scription nor  the  diagram  can  I  form  the  slightest 
conception  of  the  manner  of  playing  the  game. 
How,  for  example,  can  eighteen  men  be  employed 
when  there  are  only  sixteen  places  ?  It  would  be 
well  if  some  resident  of  Warwickshire  were  to 
send  the  "  N.  &  Q."  a  more  accurate  description  ; 
for  I  suppose  it  is  still  played.  I  have  sometimes 
thought,  by  the  way,  that  Shakespeare  may  have 
made  a  mistake,  and  meant  the  game  of  "  nine- 
holes,"  which,  as  it  must  be  on  a  flat,  was  more 
likely  to  be  affected  by  the  overflow  of  a  river. 

"  These  figures,"  says  Mr.  James,  "  are,  by  the 
country  people,  called  nine  men's  morris  or  merrils, 
and  are  so  called  because  each  party  has  nine 
men."  Now  merril  is  plainly  the  French  merille 
or  marelle,  of  which  the  following  account  is 
given  by  M.  Chabaille  in  his  Supplement  to  the 
Roman  du  Renart :  —  • 

"  Le  jeu  de  me'rille  or  marelle,  trks  en  vogue  avant  Fin- 
vention  des  cartes,  se  joue  sur  une  espece  d'&hiquier  coupe* 
de  lignes  qu'on  tire  des  angles  et  des  cotes  par  le  centre. 
Les  deux  jouers  ont  chacun  trois  jetons  qu'ils  placent  al- 
ternativement  a  Pextremite'  de  chaque  ligne,  et  celui  qui 
les  range  le  premier  sur  un  meme  cote  [ligne?]  gagne 
la  partie.  On  notnme  aussi  marelle  un  autre  jeu  d'en- 
fants,  ou  les  joueurs  poussent  a  cloche-pied  un  petit  palet 
dans  chaque  carre'  d'une  espece  d'echelle  trace'e  sur  lo 
terrain." 

In  this  last  description  every  one  will  recognise 
at  once  the  well-known  game  of  "hop-scotch," 
called  in  Ireland  "  scotch-hop ;"  and,  as  a  proof  of 
its  Caledonian  origin  I  presume,  the  highest  bed 


98 


NOTES  AND  QUEBIES. 


IX.  FEB.  11.  '60. 


is  there  named  porridge.  But  this  is,  I  apprehend, 
not  the  right  etymon,  and  the  English  form  is  the 
more  correct  one.  In  Richardson's  Dictionary, 
the  first  sense  of  scotch,  is,  "to  strike,"  and  I 
think  it  is  rightly  derived  from  A.-S.  scytan,  to 
shoot  or  throw  out.  In  Scotland  and  Ireland,  to 
scutch  flax,  is  by  beating  to  drive  off  the  ligneous 
part  of  the  stalk ;  and  in  Ireland  there  is  a  mode 
of  threshing  wheat  called  scutching,  which  is  per- 
formed by  striking  the  head  of  the  sheaf  against  a 
piece  of  timber,  so  as  to  drive  out  the  largest  and 
best  grains.  "Hop-scotch,"  then,  I  take  to  be 
hop  and  drive  out:  — 

"  A  right  description  of  our  sport,  my  Lord." 

The  other  jeu  de  merelle  is  as  plainly  our 
"  noughts  and  crosses,"  &c.  —  the  Irish  "  tip-top- 
castle."  In  a  former  number  of  "  N.  &  Q."  I  have 
endeavoured  to  show  that  it  was  a  favourite  game 
in  the  days  of  Augustus,  and  now  we  have  the 
testimony  of  M.  Chabaille  that  it  formed  the  re- 
creation of  "  lords  and  ladies  gay"  in  the  Middle 
Ages.  So  much  indeed,  he  says,  was  it  in  vogue, 
that  "  merelmestrait,  c'est~k-dire  un  coup  maljoue," 
was  a  common  saying.  As  to  the  cause  of  the 
name  merelle  being  given  to  two  games  of  such 
opposite  characters,  it  was  most  probably  the  cir- 
cumstance of  the  division  into  beds  being  common 
to  both.  It  has  sometimes  struck  me  that  merrils, 
the  counters,  &c.,  being  the  object  in  view,  may 
be  the  origin  of  the  name  of  marbles, — which  never 
were  made  of  the  carbonate  of  lime  so  called. 

But  there  is  one  thing  very  strange  about  this 
game  of  merelle,  &c.  It  is  probably  more  than 
two  thousand,  nay,  may  be  more  than  three  thou- 
sand years  old,  and  has  consequently  been  played 
by  myriads,  perhaps  millions  of  people ;  and  yet 
there  is  a  very  simple  rule  or  principle,  the  pos- 
sessor of  which  is  infallibly  certain  of  winning 
every  game  :  when,  consequently,  there  is  an  end 
of  all  interest  and  pleasure.  When  I  was  a  boy — 
and  that's  some  years  ago  —  it  was  discovered  and 
communicated  to  me  by  a  peasant-boy  with  whom 
I  was  playing  at  "  tip-top-castle."  Now  surely  it 
is  hardly  within  the  limits  of  possibility  that  so 
simple  a  principle  should  not  have  been  discovered 
over  and  over  again,  times  without  number  ;  and 
in  that  case,  how  could  the  game  have  continued 
to  exist  ?  It  would  indeed  be  wonderful,  if  what 
had  eluded  the  men  and  the  women  of  centuries 
and  centuries,  should  have  been  detected  by  an 
Irish  cow-boy ;  "  No  better  doe  him  call." 

While  I  am  on  the  subject  of  my  boyish  days,  I 
must  notice  another  game  at  which  I  used  to  play. 
It  was  called  "  cat,"  and  was  cricket  in  effect,  only 
that,  instead  of  wickets,  there  were  holes,  and  in- 
stead of  a  ball,  a  shuttle-shaped  piece  of  wood  :  in 
all  other  respects,  it  was  played  precisely  like 
cricket.  My  father's  gardener  was  the  instructor 
in  it  of  myself  and  the  sons  of  our  workmen,  with 
whom  I  used  to  play  it.  I  have  never  seen  or  heard 


of  it  anywhere  else,  either  in  England  or  in  Ire- 
land ;  but  I  remember,  about  five-and-twenty 
years  ago,  meeting  with  a  very  clear  allusion  to 
it,  and  by  its  name  of  "  cat,"  in  an  old  play,  I 
think  Woman  beware  of  Women. 

THOS.  KEIGHTLEY. 


PRINTERS'  MARKS,  EMBLEMS,  AND  MOTTOES. 

I  have  often  thought,  and  now  venture  to  ex- 
press my  thought  in  "  N.  &  Q."  (which  indeed  is 
its  proper  and  best  vehicle),  that  it  would  be  an 
acceptable  service  to  many  young  readers  who 
love  books,  and  who  now  and  then  ride  their  little 
hobby-horses  as  small  collectors  of  old  books,  if 
some  of  your  correspondents,  who  are  more  versed 
in  book- lore,  would  explain  some  of  the  pictorial 
and  emblematical  marks,  and  the  mottoes,  &c.  of 
the  printers  and  publishers  of  the  olden  time, 
and  their  relation  (if  any)  to  the  printers  &c. 
themselves. 

I  have  met  with  many  that  have  puzzled,  and 
some  that  puzzle  me  still,  though  I  have  been  a 
reader  and  small  collector  for  nearly  seventy 
years.  I  am  sure,  therefore,  that  young  readers 
would  be  thankful  for  the  explanations  suggested. 

May  I  be  allowed  to  mention  a  few  of  those 
emblems  ?  If  so,  I  will  begin  with  the  well- 
known  mark  of  the  celebrated  Stephens  family,  as 
my  — 

No.  1.  It  consists  of  a  man  in  ample  drapery, 
who  stands  beneath,  and  points  up  with  his  right 
hand  to  a  tree,  branched,  from  which  some 
broken  boughs  have  fallen  and  others  are  falling, 
and  to  which  last  the  figure  is  pointing  with  his 
left  hand.  In  the  tree  are  some  round  balls 
resting  on  the  branches,  but  none  on  those  fallen 
down  :  and  all  these  balls  seem  to  be  bound  with 
a  single  band,  which  crosses  itself.  A  scroll  pro- 
ceeds from  the  tree  bearing  the  words  "  NOLI 
ALTVM  SABEEE  ; "  to  which,  as  I  have  read,  was 
sometimes  added  "  SED  TIME." 

This  emblem,  as  used  by  Robert  Stephens,  in 
his  edition  of  Pagnini's  Liber  Psalmorum  Davidis, 
12mo.  M.D.LVI.,  differs  from  that  used  by  his 
brother  Henry  Stephens,  in  Beza's  Novum  Testa- 
mentum,  fo.,  anno  M.DLXV,  and  other  his  printed 
works  ;  —  in  the  former's  having  the  mark  of  a 
double  cross  rising  out  of  a  small  object  like  an 
oval  stone  on  the  ground ;  which  may  be  his  own 
private  mark,  and  is  not  found  in  his  brother's 
mark. 

No.  2. — I  find  on  the  back  of  the  last  leaf  of 
my  copy  of  Justinian's  Institutes  in  Latin  and 
Greek,  being  a  small  thick  quarto  of  977  pages, 
having  the  colophon  "Basilese  in  officina  Henrichi 
Petri.  Anno  M.D.XLIIII.  Mense  Martio."  This 
emblem  represents  a  sharp  rocky  pinnacle  rising 
from  between  two  lower  rocks.  On  the  right 
hand  of  the  observer  a  draped  hand  proceeds  out 


2*1  S.  IX.  FEB.  11.  'GO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


99 


of  the  clouds,  holding  a  hammer,  resting  on  the 
top  of  the  pinnacle,  from  which  issue  flames,  as 
the  effect  of  a  blow  of  the  hammer  :  and,  on  the 
left  hand,  a  human  face  comes  from  the  clouds, 
blowing  on  and  exciting  the  flames. 

No.  3  —  Is  the  mark  or  emblem  in  the  title- 
page  of  Bartholomew  Kechermann's  (of  Dantzic) 
Sy sterna  Ethica,  12mo.  "  Hanoviee  apud  Petrum 
Antonium,  MD.CXIX."  It  is  inclosed  in  an  oval 
frame  which  bears  the  motto,  "  NVLLA  EST  VIA— 
INVIA  VIRTVTI;"  and  represents  a  steep  rocky 
hill,  on  which  stands  a  pelican  feeding  her  young 
with  blood  from  her  breast  —  the  old  ^emblem  of 
maternal  love  ; — and  below  is  a  man  with  a  sword 
by  his  side  attempting  to  climb  up  the  mountain 
by  a  very  steep  road  or  ravine  which  winds  up  it. 

No.  4 — Is  on  the  title-page  of  a  very  small 
volume,  entitled  "  Gallicae  Linguae  Institutio, 
Latina  sermone  conscripta.  Per  loannern  Pil- 
lotum,  Barrensem.  Antwerpias  apud  Joannem 
Withagium.  1558."  The  colophon  reads,— 
"  Antwerpiae  Typis  Amati  Calcographi." 

This  mark  or  emblem  represents  an  old  blind 
man  with  a  beard,  walking,  and  carrying  astride  on 
his  shoulders  a  lame  man,  who  holds  a  crutch  in 
his  right  hand,  and  points  to  the  road,  or  to  the 
monogrammic  mark,  with  his  left.  The  blind 
man  has  a  long  staff  in  his  right  hand,  and  what 
seems  to  be  a  basin  (as  in  the  act  or  habit  of 
begging),  in  his  left,  and  a  kind  of  musical  instru- 
ment hanging  at  his.  left  side.  The  blind  man's 
dog,  loose,  walks  a  little  in  advance  on  one  side. 

In  a  vacant  space  in  front  is,  probably,  the 
printer's  monogrammic  mark,  consisting  of  the 
united  letters  xw,  from  which  rises  a  line  which 
is  crossed  above,  and  is  surmounted  with  a  figure 
of  four,  having  its  tail  crossed. 

The  whole  is  within  an  oval  frame,  bearing  the 

mottO,  "  MVTVA    DEFENSIO    TVTISSIMA." 

No.  5 — Is  on  the  title-page  of  a  copy  of  Pliny's 
Epistles,  &c. :  — 

"  Lugduni  excusum "  (as  the  colophon  sa3rs),  "  pse- 
clarum  hoc  opus  in  sedibus  Antonii  Blanchardi  Limoui- 
censis:  suraptu  honesti  viri  Vicentii  de  Portonariis,  de 
Tridino,  de  Monteferrato.  Anno  Millesimo  quingentesimo 
xxvii." 

It  is  surrounded  by  a  quadrangular  border, 
which  contains  the  words  *'  VICENTIVS  .  DE  POR- 
TONARIIS .  DE  TRIDINO  .  DE  MONTE  FERRATO  ;  " 
and  represents  a  draped  female  figure  with  ex- 
panded wings,  holding  before  her  breast  an  empty 
box  or  shrine,  upright,  with  open  doors  on  its 
sides  and  bottom ;  on  the  borders  of  which  doors 
are  the  words  "  GRA  PLENA — PLVS  OVLTRE — AVE 
MARIA."  The  figure  stands  between  the  letters 

M     p     The  emblem  is  repeated  on  the  back  of 

the  last  leaf;  but  is  from  a  larger  block,  in  which 
the  attitude  of  the  figure  and  the  position  of  the 
four  letters  are  reversed. 


No.  6 — is  the  large  and  handsome  mark  of  Peter 
Chouet  on  the  title-page  of  Petri  Ravanelli'a 
Bibliotheca  Sacra,  folio.  "  Genevse,  M.DC.L." 

In  the  centre  is  an  aged  male  figure,  with  a 
glory  round  the  head  ;  from  behind  which  rises  a 
spreading  palm-tree.  He  is  sitting  on  a  covered 
table  or  long  bench,  on  each  end  of  which  is  an 
urn  or  jug.  Immediately  before  him  is  a  square 
pit  or  well,  having  an  open  arched  frame-work 
rising  from  within  it,  in  the  centre  of  which  is  a 
tube.  A  staff  rests  in  his  left  arm,  in  the  hand 
of  which  he  holds  a  vase,  from  which  his  right 
hand  seems  to  be  taking  something,  in  a  line  with 
the  tube.  There  are  upright  water-urns  on  each 
side  of  the  well,  and  in  the  front  of  it  one  over- 
turned, and  the  fragments  of  others. 

In  the  distant  background  (on  the  observer's 
left  hand),  are  the  sacrifices  of  Cain  and  Abel  ; 
and  in  the  middle  ground,  Cain  slaying  Abel.  On 
the  right  hand  is  the  destruction  of  the  Egyptians 
in  the  Red  Sea,  and  Moses  and  the  Israelites  on 
the  opposite  shore. 

The  whole  is  surrounded  with  an  oval  frame 
and  grotesque  border,  in  which,  at  the  top,  are 
sitting  two  female  figures,  with  palm  branches, 
bearing  water-urns  on  their  heads ;  and  below, 
two  satyrs  pouring  water  from  urns,  and  having, 
in  a  bottom  compartment,  the  motto,  "  SOLA  DEI 

MENS    .    IVSTITIJE    NORMA."  P.  H.  FlSHER. 


GUNPOWDER-PLOT  PAPERS. 
The  house  adjoining  the  Parliament  House, 
which,  at  the  beginning  of  this  conspiracy,  was 
chosen  by  Catesby  for  the  purposes  of  the  plot, 
belonged  to  one  Mr.  Wynniard,  the  Keeper  of  the 
King's  Wardrobe.  Mr.  Wynniard,  however,  did 
not  reside  in  it  at  that  time,  but  had  let  it  to  a 
gentleman  of  the  name  of  Ferrers,  in  whose  occu- 
pation it  was  at  the  commencement  of  the  year 
1604.  In  that  year  the  conspirators,  finding  the 
house  very  advantageously  placed,  resolved  to 
hire  it,  their  intention  being,  as  is  well  known,  to 
undermine  the  adjoining  foundations  of  the  House 
of  Lords.  Though  this  intention  was  ultimately 
abandoned,  by  reason  of  the  discovery  of  a  cellar 
more  convenient  than  the  mine,  yet  the  excava- 
tions were  commenced  in  earnest  and  under  many 
disadvantages.  Afterwards,  when  the  plot  was 
discovered,  and  many  of  the  conspirators  known 
to  the  Council  by  name,  some  agents  of  the  govern- 
ment,  whilst  searching  their  residences  and  the 
hiding-places  and  resorts  of  the  Romanists,  dis- 
covered the  following  document.  It  is  the  agree- 
ment between  Henry  Ferrers  and  Thomas  Percy, 
who  was  deputed  by  his  companions  to  obtain 
possession  of  Mr.  Wynniard's  house,  as  to  the 
terms  on  which  Ferrers  would  part  with  his  in- 
terest in  it,  he  being  at  that  time,  as  previously 
stated,  the  lessee  of  Mr.  Wynniard,  and  the  occu- 


100 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  FEB.  11.  '60. 


pier  of  the  premises.  Hitherto  this  agreement, 
though  occasionally  mentioned,  as  by  Mr.  Jardine 
in  his  Narrative,  has  remained  unpublished. 

"  Memorand.  that  it  is  concluded  betweene  Thomas  Per- 
cie  of  London,  esquier,  and  Henry  Ferrers  of  Bad- 
desley-Clinton,  in  the  Countie  of  Warwick,  gentleman, 
the  xxiiii  day  of  May,  in  the  second  yeare  of  the 
reigne  of  or  Soverayne  Lord  King  James*. 
"  That  the  said  Henry  hath  graunted  his  good  will  to 
the  sayd  Thomas  to  enioy  his  house  in  Westminster,  be- 
longing to  the  parliament  house,  the  said  Thomas  getting 
the  consent  of  Mr  Wyniard,  and  for  his  offering  me  the 
said  Henry  for  my  charges  bestowed  theruppon  as  shall 
be    thought    fit  by  twoo    indifferent  men    chosen  be- 
tween us. 

*'  And  that  he  shall  also  have  the  other  house  that 
Gideon  Gibbons  resideth  in,  with  an  assignment  of  a 
lease  from  Mr  Winiard  thereof,  for  his  offering  me  as 
aforesaid,  and  asking  the  now  tenant's  will. 

'*  And  the  said  Thomas  hath  lent  unto  me  the  said 
Henry  thirtie  poundes,  to  be  allowed  uppon  recognizances 
or  to  be  repaide  againe  at  the  will  of  the  said  Thomas. 

"  HENRY  FERRERS. 
•'  Sealed  and  delivered  in  the 
presence  of 


Jo.  Whyte, 
and  Xryster  Symons." 

(Endorsed 
by  Cecil.) 


"  The  Bargaine 
between  Ferris  and 
Percy,  for  ye  blooddj' 
cellar,  found  in 
Wynter's  Lodgings."  * 

No  mention  is  made  in  any  other  of  these 
papers  of  the  second  house,  occupied  by  Gibbons. 
It  is  generally  understood  that  only  one  was  used 
by  the  conspirators.  Gibbons  was  a  porter,  and 
he  and  two  other  porters,  "  betwixt  Whitsuntide 
and  Midsumer"  in  that  year,  as  he  tells  us  in  his 
examination  of  the  5th  of  November,  1605,  "  car- 
ried three  thousand  Billetts  from  the  Parliament 
stairs,  to  the  vault  under  the  parliament  house, 
which  Johnson  (Fawkes)  piled  up."  f 

The  Earl  of  Northumberland  was  supposed  to 
be  privy  to  the  hiring  of  this  house,  and  to  have 
sent  his  "servant,"  Sir  Dudley  Carleton,  to  try 
and  induce  Ferrers  to  let  Percy  have  it.  When 
the  earl  was  suspected  on  account  of  his  relation- 
ship to  Percy  of  being  acquainted  with  the  plot, 
the  hiring  of  this  house  is  one  of  the  points 
touched  on  in  the  interrogatories  administered  to 
him  on  the  23rd  of  November,  1605,  preserved  in 
the  State  Paper  Office,  j  His  lordship,  however, 
asserted  "  that  he  never  knew  of  the  hiring,  or 
heard  of  it  until  this  matter  was  discovered." 

Connected  with  this  agreement  is  one  other 
document,  which  I  think  worthy  of  being  pub- 
lished in  your  columns  :  namely,  a  receipt  for  the 
rent  of  this  house,  as  follows  :  — 

"  Receuved  by  me,  Chrofer  Symons,  servant  to  Mr 
Henry  Ferrers,  the  sume  of  v1  to  my  Mr'8  use,  from  Mr 
Thomas  Percy,  which  makes  in  all  xxxv1,  which  my 


"  Gunpowder-Plot  Book,"  No.  1. 
Domestic  Series,  James  /.,  vol.  xvi.  p.  15. 
"Gunpowder-Plot  Book,"  112. 


said  Mr  hath  had  of  him  in  consideration  of  the  charges 
of  his  house  in  Westminster,  which  house  he  hath  nowe 
past  over  to  the  saide  Mr  Percy,  with  condion  that  soe 
much  of  the  saide  some  of  xxxv1  as  shall  exceede  the  in- 
different charges  bestowed  by  my  said  Mr  uppon  that 
house  by  the  indifferent  Judgment  of  two  or  fore  men, 
equaly  choosen,  shal  be  repayed  againe  unto  Mr  Percy  at 
the  feast  of  St.  Michael  the  Ark  Angell,  which  shalbe  in 
the  year  of  our  Lord  God  1605.  In  witness  whereof,  in 
my  Mr'»  behalf,  I  have  subscribed  my  name  the  xiiiith 
of  July  1604. 

"  CHRISTOPHER 
SYMONS."* 

Mr.  Ferrers  appears  to  have  been  a  gentleman 
of  good  name  and  fortune.  Baddesley  Clinton, 
where  he  lived,  is  a  small  parish  seven  miles  from 
Warwick.  The  living  of  that  place,  at  the  present 
time,  is  in  the  gift  of  Lady  H.  Ferrers.  Wynniard 
died  before  the  discovery  of  the  plot,  and  his 
widow  afterwards  married  Sir  John  Stafford. 

w.  o.  w. 


How  A  TOAD  UNDRESSES.  —  A  gentleman  sent 
to  The  New  England  Farmer  an  amusing  de- 
scription of  "  How  a  Toad  takes  off  his  Coat  and 
Pants."  He  says  he  has  seen  one  do  it,  and  a 
friend  has  seen  another  do  the  same  thing  in  the 
same  way :  — 

"About  the  middle  of  July  I  found  a  toad  on  a  hill 
of  melons,  and  not  wanting  him  to  leave,  I  hoed  around 
him;  he  appeared  sluggish,  and  not  inclined  to  move. 
Presently  1  observed  him  pressing  his  elbows  hard  against 
his  sides,  and  rubbing  downwards.  He  appeared  so 
singular,  that  I  watched  to  see  what  he  was  up  to.  After 
a  few  smart  rubs,  his  skin  began  to  burst  open,  straight 
along  his  back.  Now,  said  I,  old  fellow,  you  have  done 
it ;  but  he  appeared  to  be  unconcerned,  and  kept  on  rub- 
bing until  he  had  worked  all  his  skin  into  folds  on  his 
sides  and  hips;  then  grasping  one  hind  leg  with  both 
his  hands,  he  hauled  off  one  leg  of  his  pants  the  same  as 
anybody  would,  then  stripped  the  other  hind  leg  in  the 
same  way.  He  then  took  this  cast-off  cuticle  forward, 
between  his  fore  legs,  into  his  mouth,  and  swallowed  it ; 
then,  by  raising  and  lowering  his  head,  swallowing  as 
his  head  came  down,  he  stripped  off  the  skin  underneath, 
until  it  came  to  his  fore  legs,  and  then  grasping  one  of 
these  with  the  opposite  hand,  by  considerable  pulling 
stripped  off  the  skin;  changing  hands,  he  stripped  the 
other,  and  by  a  slight  motion  of  the  head,  and  all  the 
while  swallowing,  he  drew  it  from  the  neck  and  swal- 
lowed the  whole.  The  operation  seemed  an  agreeable 
one,  and  occupied  but  a  short  time."  (From  the  New 
York  Independent,  Dec.  29, 1859.) 

HOMO  SUM. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht. 

BIOGRAPHICAL  NOTES  FROM  THE  ADMISSIOI 
REGISTER  or  MERCHANT  TAYLORS'  SCHOOL. — 
The  following  extracts  from  Dugard's  MS.  Register 
of  Admissions  to  Merchant  Taylors'  School  inter 
1644 — 1661  may  not  be  without  interest  to  your 
general  readers,  especially  since  Sir  Bernard 

*  «  Gunpowder-Plot  Book,"  No.  1.  A. 


IX.  FEB.  11. '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


101 


Burke  in  his  latest  work  has  thrown  an  air  of  ro- 
mance upon  the  first  two  names  :  — 

1.  "  Henry  Palceologus,  only  son  of  Andrew  Palseologus, 
Gent.,  born  in  the  parish  of  S.  Catharine  Tower,  London, 
31  Jan.  1633  ;  admitted  9  August,  1647. 

2.  "  Thomas  Umfrevile,  eldest  son  of  William  Umfrevile, 
Esq.,  born  in  the  parish  of  Stanaway,  co.  Essex,  25  April, 
1638;  admitted  16  Sept.  1652. 

3.  "  William  Grosvcnor,  only  son  of  Henry  Grosvenor, 
Gent.,  born  in  the  parish  of  Lillishall,  co.  Salop,  13  May, 
1638.     Admitted  15  May,  1654. 

4.  "  George   Gilbert  Peirce,  only  son  of  Sir   Edmund 
Peirce,  Knt.,  born   at  Maidstone,  co.  Kent,  16  March, 
1634;  admitted  27  April,  1647. 

5.  "  Roger  Radcliff,  eldest  son  of  Andrew  Radcliff, 
gent.,  born  at  Oswestry,  co.  Salop,  9  May,  1644;  ad- 
mitted 10  March,  1655. 

6.  "  Thomas  PertivaU,  second  son  of  Zouch  Percivall, 
Esq.,  born  in  the  parish  of  Staughton,  co.  Leicester,  10 
Feb.  1644;  admitted  12  March,  1656. 

7.  "  John  Farewell,  second  son  of  Sir  John  Farewell, 
Knt,  born  in   the  parish  of  S.   Leonard's,   Shoreditch, 
London,  24  March,  1642:  admitted  7  Nov.  1659. 

8.  "  Thomas    Willoughby,  only  son  of  Thomas    Wil- 
loughby,  born  at  Virginia  in   America,  25  Dec.  1632 ; 
admitted  May  13,  1644. 

9.  "  John  Lilburn,  eldest  son  of  John  Lilburn,  gent., 
deceased,  born   in   the  parish   of   S.  Martin's,  Ludgate, 
London,  12  Oct.  1650;  admitted  3  April,  1661." 

The  two  following  are  from  Dugard's  admission 
book  to  the  private  school  which  he  opened  in 
Coleman  Street,  and  which  seems  to  have  at- 
tracted a  very  large  number  of  pupils  :  — 

10.  "  Thomas  Doxey,  only  son  of  Thomas  Doxey,  yeo- 
man, born  in  New  England,  1651;  admitted  3  April, 
1662. 

11.  "  JEliah  Yale,  second  son  of  David  Yale,  merchant, 
born  in  New  England,  1649;  admitted  1  Sept.  1662." 

I  should  be  glad  to  receive  information  re- 
specting the  bearers  of  any  of  the  above  names. 

C.  »J.  ROBINSON,  M.A. 

RICHARD  PORSON. — Whether  the  relaxation  of 
a  mighty  mind,  or  the  playful  mental  contest  of 
the  mightiest  Grecian  of  modern  times  in  his  at- 
tempt at  practical  frivolity,  can  be  deemed  suffi- 
cient to  make  the  following  anecdote  palatable, 
must  rest  with  others  to  decide.  After  Porson 
had  arrived  at  the  summit  of  his  literary  fame,  he 
was  visited  by  his  first  instructor  Mr.  Summers, 
who  was  accompanied  by  his  earliest  patron,  the 
Rev.  George  Hewett.  On  their  being  conducted 
into  his  room,  he  took  no  notice  beyond  an  in- 
different glance  ;  but  Mr.  Hewett,  addressing  him,  j 
said  "  as  we  were  in  town  we  determined  to  come  j 
and  see  you ;"  this  drew  no  observation  from  j 
Porson,  but  rising  he  rang  the  bell,  and  then  de- 
sired the  servant  to  bring  candles.  The  man, 
familiar  with  such  eccentricities,  instantly  obeyed, 
and  placed  them  on  the  table.  "There,"  ex- 
claimed Porson,  "  now  you  see  me  better." 

H.  D'AVENBY. 


HORNBOOKS.  —  In  the  year  1851,  MR.  TIMPS 
drew  attention  to  the  subject  of  Hornbooks  by  a 
Query  in  vol.  ii.  of  your  First  Series  (p.  167.), 
and  a  reply  appeared  at  p.  236.  of  the  same 
volume,  and  a  short  Note  by  myself  at  p.  151.  of 
the  3rd  vol.  No  other  information,  so  far  as  I 
know,  has  been  elicited  in  your  columns,  and  as  I 
am  now  engaged  in  preparing  a  History  of  Horn- 
books, I  beg  to  be  permitted  to  reopen  the  sub- 
ject, and  to  say  how  much  obliged  I  should  be  by 
the  kind  assistance  of  your  many  correspondents 
in  accumulating  a  farther  store  of  information  on 
this  interesting  but  little  known  topic.  Any  re- 
miniscences with  which  your  correspondents  might 
favour  me  would  be  thankfully  acknowledged;  and 
if  any  Hornbooks  should  be  forwarded  to  me  for 
comparison  with  those  in  my  possession,  they 
should  be  carefully  preserved  and  speedily  re- 
turned, free  of  charge  to  the  sender.  Commu- 
nications may  be  either  addressed  to  me  at  my 
residence,  or  to  the  care  of  my  publishers,  Messrs. 
Triibner  &  Co.,  60.  Paternoster  Row,  or  to  Mr. 
Tegg,  85.  Queen  Street,  Cheapside. 

KENNETH  R.  H.  MACKENZIE. 

35.  Bernard  St.,  Russell  Sq.,  W.C. 

AGE  or  THE  HORSE.  —  Aristotle  (Hist.  Anim. 
v.  14.)  states  that  a  horse  lives  about  thirty-five 
years,  and  a  mare  above  forty.  He  adds  that 
horses  have  been  known  to  live  seventy-five  years. 
The  average  age  of  the  horse,  in  modern  times, 
falls  far  short  of  that  stated  in  this  passage.  Does 
modern  experience  furnish  any  authentic  example 
of  a  horse  having  attained  the  age  of  seventy-five 
years  ?  *  L. 

THE  LAND  OF  BYHEEST.  —  In  Caxton's  Golden 
Legend,  I  find  mention  of  the  "Land  of  Byheest" — 
the  word  is  used  more  than  once.  I  can  find 
neither  in  Bosworth  nor  Skinner  any  word  nearer 
than  here,  or  *'  BEHEST"  (mundatum).  This  mean- 
ing would,  in  a  sort,  answer  for  the  sense  I  attach 
to  it ;  but  I  would  be  glad  to  have  a  clearer  ex- 
planation, or  to  be  assured  that  this  is  the  right 
sense.  A.  B.  R. 

Belmont. 

WATER  FLANNEL.  —  I  read  lately  in  a  small 
work  called  Words  by  the  Wayside,  designed  as 
an  introduction  to  the  study  of  botany,  a  state- 
ment so  singular  that  I  venture  to  ask  for  in- 
formation respecting  it.  It  is  to  the  effect  that 
some  years  ago,  during  a  very  wet  season,  a 
meadow  in  Glocestershire  was  covered  in  a  single 


[*  Buffon,  in  his  Hist.  Nat.  an  viii.  (of  the  Republic), 
vol.  xix.  pp.  392-396.,  gives  an  interesting  account  of  a 
draught  horse  that  lived  to  the  age  of  fifty  (1724  to 
1774),  that  is,  says  Buffon,  double  the  age  of  his  race : 
"  le  double  du  terns  de  la  vie  ordinaire  de  ces  animaux." 
—  ED.] 


102 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«d  S.  IX.  FEB.  11.  '60. 


night  with  a  fungus  called  water  flannel,  and  that 
the  villagers,  after  much  surprise  at  the  phe- 
nomenon, proceeded  to  cut  off  pieces,  which  they 
used  instead  of  flannel  in  the  fabrication  of  gar- 
ments for  themselves  and  families.  The  narrator 
of  the  anecdote  says,  "  a  woman  gravely  assured 
me  that  it  wore  well,  although  I  should  not  have 
thought  it  would  have  borne  a  needle."  I  wish  to 
ask  the  botanical  name  of  the  substance  meant, 
and  if  it  has  ever  been  known  to  grow  of  sufficient 
size  and  strength  to  be  used  as  described.  SIGMA. 

STUART'S  "  HISTORY  OF  ARMAGH."— It  has  been 
stated  in  print  that  the  late  Dr,  Stuart,  whose 
History  of  Armagh  is  well  known,  left  materials 
for  a  second  edition,  ready  for  the  press.  Is  it 
the  fact  that  he  did  so  ?  and,  if  he  did,  who  has 
the  MS.  at  present  ?  It  would  in  all  probability 
be  a  very  acceptable  addition  to  the  topography 
of  Ireland.  ABHBA. 

HYMN-BOOK. — I  have  an  old  hymn-book  want- 
ing title-page  and  greater  part  of  preface.  On 
p.  xv.  is  the  following  paragraph,  the  last  in  the 
preface :  — 

"  I  here  present  thee  with  a  Collection  of  such  HYMNS 
which  I  think  are  agreeable  to  the  word  of  God,  and  the 
experience  of  all  true  Christians ;  in  which  I  hope  I  have 
carefully  avoided  those  compositions  which  breathe  the 
proud  pernicious  and  unscriptural  spirit  of  Arminianism ; 
or  that  savour  of  the  poisonous,  antichristian,  and  licen- 
tious doctrines  of  Antinomianism."  —  Pp.  xvii.  to  xxiv. 

A  Table  of  Contents,  p.  1 .  A  Collection  of  Hymns, 
frc.  Hymn  I. :  The  Musician,  "  Thou  God  of  har- 
mony and  love." 

On  p.  3.  is  Hymn  II.  For  the  Lord's  Day 
Morning,  "  The  Saviour  meets  his  flock  to-day." 

I  should  feel  exceedingly  obliged  to  any  corre- 
spondent who  would  have  the  kindness  to  inform 
me  who  is  the  editor,  and  give  a  copy  of  the  title- 
page  with  date.  C.  D.  H. 

DR.  JOHNSON:  DELANY. —  The  Edinburgh  He- 
view  for  October,  1859,  contains  an  article  on  the 
Diary  of  a  Visit  to  England  in  1775,  by  Dr. 
Campbell.  In  one  of  his  interviews  with  Dr. 
Johnson,  he  says  :  — 

"  He  (Dr.  Johnson)  told  me  he  had  seen  Delany  when 
he  was  in  every  sense  gravis  annis ;  but  he  was  (an)  able 
man,"  says  he:  "his  Revelation  examined  with  Candour 
was  well  received,  and  I  have  seen  an  introductory  pre- 
face to  a  second  edition  of  one  of  his  books,  which  was 
the  finest  thing  I  ever  read  in  the  declamatory  way." 

Which  of  Dr.  Delany's  works  did  Dr.  Johnson 
allude  to  ?  LL. 

MONSIEUR  TASSIES.  —  Michael  Lort,  in  a  letter 
•to  Mr.  Tyson,  dated  London,  March  9,  1776,  no- 
tices the  following  circumstance :-— 

"There  is  a  Monsieur  Tassies  here  that  makes  great 
noise  among  the  great  people.  He  has  the  art  of  reading 
a  play,  and  adapting  his  voice,  action,  and  countenance 
to  every  character  in  it,  to  such  perfection,  that  no  set  of 
the  best  actors  could  go  beyond  him  in  the  excellency  of 


the  performance ;  so  that  happy  are  they  that  can  prevail 
with  Mons.  Tassies  to  favour  them  with  his  company  and 
performance  for  an  evening;  and  happy  are  they  that 
can  be  admitted  to  an  audience,  where  his  only  reward  is 
said  to  be  a  good  supper,  for  he  eats  no  dinner  before  he 
performs.  Count  Lauregais  having  spoken  slightingly  of 
his  character,  a  challenge  has  been  given,  but  I  do  not 
hear  it  is  accepted." 

Can  any  one  supply  a  few  particulars  of  Mon- 
sieur Tassies  ?  J.  Y. 

SONGS  AND  POEMS,  ETC.  —  Songs  and  Poems  of 
Love  and  Drollery,  by  T.  W.,  printed  in  the  year 
1654.  This  is  the  title  of  an  imperfect  book  of 
mine,  said  to  be  written  by  Thomas  Weaver  of 
Christ  Church,  Oxford,  in  1633.  It  contains, 
among  other  ballads,  one  to  the  tune  of  "  Chevy 
Chace,"  of  which  the  title  is  "  Zeal  overheated,  or 
a  Relation  of  a  Lamentable  Fire  which  happened 
in  Oxford  in  a  Religious  Brother's  Shop,"  &c. : 
which  gave  great  offence,  and  Weaver  was  appre- 
hended and  tried  as  a  seditious  person,  but  was  ac- 
quitted. The  book  contains  other  songs  in  ridicule 
of  the  Puritans.  Beloe,  in  his  Anecdotes  of  Litera- 
ture (vol.  vi.  p.  86.),  says  :  "  This  volume  is  very 
rare."  And  Mr.  Chappell,  in  his  Popular  Music 
of  the  Olden  Time  (p.  420.),  states  that  "  this 
Book  of  Songs  is  not  contained  in  the  King's 
Pamphlets,  nor  have  I  been  able  to  see  a  copy." 
Can  any  of  your  readers  point  out  where  a  perfect 
copy  can  be  seen  ?  ALOYSIUS. 

USSHER'S  "VERSION  OF  THE  BIBLE." — Can  you 
oblige  me  with  a  reference  to  any  printed  account 
(besides  what  has  been  given  by  Ware)  of  Am- 
brose Ussher's  English  Version  of  the  Bible,  3  vols. 
4to.  ?  He  was  a  celebrated  oriental  scholar,  and 
brother  to  Archbishop  Ussher ;  and  many  of  his 
MSS.,  including  the  translation  in  question  (which 
was  made  before  the  present  Authorised  Version, 
and  dedicated  to  King  James  L),  are  preserved 
in  the  library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin.  He 
was  elected  a  Fellow  of  that  college  in  1601  ;  and 
in  1616,  he  held  a  parish  in  the  county  of  Louth. 

ABHBA. 

GLASGOW  HOOD.  —  Can  you  give  me  any  in- 
formation with  respect  to  the  Glasgow  hood  ?  I 
have  been  unable  to  find  out  either  its  nature 
and  colour,  or  whether  it  is  worn  by  graduates 
now-a-days. 

I  have  been  told  by  some  that  it  is  doubtful  as 
to  its  colour  —  depending  upon  the  interpretation 
ofccendeus ;  by  others,  that  it  is  said  to  be  identical 
with  that  of  Bologna.  WILLIAM  WATSON. 

SYMBOL  OF  THE  Sow.  —  As  legends  frequently 
vary  in  phraseology,  the  following  description  of 
a  modern  representation  of  one,  in  carving,  on  the 
shouldering  of  a  stall  head,  requires  some  explan- 
ation in  reference  to  the  datails.  A  sow  is  stand- 
ing, while  giving  nutriment  to  her  progeny  of  ten  ; 
before  her  is  the  trough  with  her  provender.  The 
question  is,  does  any  version  of  the  legend  enter 


2nd  S.  IX.  FEB.  11.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


103 


into  a  description  of  such  minute  details,  or  is  it 
possible  to  associate  such  rural  scenes  with  the 
solemnity  due  to  the  church,  and  to  banish  un- 
seemly mirth  from  the  minds  of  village  hinds  ? 

H.  D'AVENEY. 

FANE'S  PSALMS.  —  Can  any  correspondent  state 
where  a  copy  of  the  following  work  may  be  con- 
sulted or  purchased  :  The  Lady  Elizabeth  Fanes 
(or  Vane's}  Twenty -one  Psalms,  and  102  Prove?*bs, 
1550?  It  is  noticed  in  Herbert's  Ames,  760, 
1103.  H.  V. 

SOILED  BOOKS.  —  I  see  you  have  many  noted 
book  collectors  amongst  your  contributors.  Would 
any  of  these  gentlemen  kindly  communicate  the 
results  of  their  experience  as  to  the  best  mode  of 
cleaning  the  leaves  of  old  books  discoloured  by 
water-stains,  finger-marks,  and  general  exposure. 
The  first  and  last  leaf  of  many  a  fine  old  book  is 
thus  disfigured  ;  and  some  ready  process  for  re- 
storing their  pristine  whiteness  would  be  received 
very  gratefully  by  other  country  bibliomaniacs 
besides  J.  N. 

SIR  JETHRO  TULL. — The  celebrated  Jethro 
Tull,  the  author  of  The  Horse-hoe  Husbandry,  is 
said  by  Chalmers  to  have  died  at  Prosperous 
Farm  in  Shalborne,  January  3,  1740-41, — a  parish 
partly  in  Wiltshire  but  chiefly  in  Berkshire ;  but 
he  was  not  buried  there,  the  tradition  of  the  place 
being  that  his  body  was  carried  away  to  avoid  an 
arrest  for  debt.  Can  any  reader  of  your  journal 
point  out  the  place  of  his  "interment  ?  Then  again, 
in  the  entry-book  of  his  Inn  of  Court,  he  is  de- 
scribed (December,  1693,)  as  the  son  and  heir  of 
Jethrow  Tull  of  Howberry  in  the  county  of  Ox- 
ford ;  but  in  the  books  of  the  parish  (Crowmarsh) 
in  which  the  Howberry  estate  is  situated,  there  is 
not  any  mention  of  his  birth.  I  should  feel  much 
obliged  if  any  of  your  numerous  readers  can  sup- 
ply the  desired  information. 

Tull  married,  in  1699,  Susannah  Smith  of  Bur- 
ton Dasset  in  Warwickshire. 

CUTHBERT  W.  JOHNSON. 
Croydon. 

SIR  SAMUEL  MORELAND.  —  The  well-known 
engraving  of  Sir  Samuel,  by  Lombart,  is  from  a 
painting  by  Sir  Peter  Lely.  Will  anyone  kindly 
inform  me  where  the  original  can  be  seen  ? 

A.  G.  W. 

ANGLO-SAXON  POEMS.— In  a  Daily  Telegraph, 
a  few  days  ago,  I  have  found  a  very  interesting 
notice,  of  which  I  send  you  a  cutting :  — 

"  A  curious  discovery  of  great  interest  to  the  lovers  of 
Anglo-Saxon  literature  has  just  been  made  in  the  Royal 
library  at  Copenhagen.  Two  parchment  sheets  of  octavo 
size,  hitherto  used  as  a  cover  to  other  and  less  valuable 
manuscripts,  were  found  to  contain  Anglo-Saxon  poetry, 
dating  as  far  back  as  the  end  of  the  ninth  century.  The 
contents  refer  to  the  achievements  of  King  Died  rich,  and 
give  the  same  version  of  the  legend  as  is  found  in  the 


German  poem  of  Beowulf.  The  principal  interest  attach- 
ing to  the  document,  however,  is  a  philological  one,  the 
number  of  Anglo-Saxon  manuscripts  of  that  period  so 
important  for  the  development  of  the  language  beine- 
extremely  small." 

^  Can  any  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  throw 
light  upon  this  ?  H.  C.  C 


STtuftotrtf. 

THE  SINEWS  OF  WAR.— At  most  of  the  rifle  corps 
meetings  allusion  has  been  made  to  "  Money,  the 
sinews  of  war."  Can  this  expression  be  traced  to  its 
source?  R.  F.  SKETCHLEY. 

[;This  maxim  occurs  in  Boyer's  Eng.  and  Fr.  Die.  as 
far  back  as  1702 ;  "  Mony  is  the  Nerve  of  War,  L'ar- 
gent  est  h  Nerf  de  la  Guerre;  "  and  again  (under  Sinew), 
"  Mony  is  the  Sinews  of  War."  The  earliest  use  of  the 
maxim  which  we  have  met  with  is  Italian,  and  occurs  in 
the  writings  of  Francesco  d'Ambra,  a  noble  Florentine 
who  died  in  1558,  and  was  the  author  of  three  comedies  not 
published  till  after  his  death.  In  his  comedy  entitled 
"II  Furto,"  we  find  Zinpano  saying,  "  Primieramente 
perche  ilneruo  della  guerraeil  danaio,  mi  occorre  ricoi'dare, 
che  le  provision!  de'  danari  sien  gagliarde,"  &c.  11  Furto 
ed.  1584,  12".  Venice,  Act  II.,  p.  12.  verso. 

But  though  we  find  no  earlier  instance  of  the  maxim 
itself,  there  is  quite  enough  to  indicate  that  the  lesson  of 
martial  policy  which  it  conveys  had  been  learnt  and  pon- 
dered long  before.  We  apprehend,  indeed,  that  for  the 
origin  of  the  maxim  we  must  go  at  least  as  far  back  as 
the  times  of  Philip  of  Macedon.  When  Philip  inquired 
at  Delphi  how  he  might  vanquish  Greece,  the  Pythia, 
according  to  Suidas,  replied,  "Fight  with  silver  spears, 
and  thou  shalt  vanquish  all." 

'ApyupeW  \6yxflcri  finxov,  Kaliravra  KpaTTjcms. 

There  are  some  various  readings,  and  Erasmus  has  the 
line  thus:  — 

'Apyvpeais  Aoy^aiai  /xe&ov,  Kal  iravTa.  vunio-et?. 

Adag.  CMl.  1606,  col.  1335. 
Which  he  renders  — 

"  Argenteis  pugna  telis,  atque  omnia  vinces." 
Yet,  between  the  two  saj-ings,  there  is  obviously  a 
shade  of  difference.  When  the  Pythia  admonished  Philip 
to  "fight  with  silver  weapons,"  she  evident!}'  meant 
"  Give  largesses ;  bribe : "— "  videlicet  innuens,  ut  guosdam 
largitionibus  ad  proditionem  sollicitaret,  atqua  ita  consecu- 


morelegitimate  and  honourable  uses  of  the  "legal  tender,'* 
in  providing  the  means  of  warfars,  warlike  stores  and  car- 
riage, in  paying  the  troops,  &c.  :  "  che  le  provisioni  de'  da- 
nari sien  gagliarde,  e  che  i  soldati  sien  ben  pagati,  accib 
che  per  il  padrone  volentieri  si  sottomettono  a  tutti  i  peri 
coli."—  ~ 


"  DELPHIN  EDITIONS."  —  What  authority  is 
there  for  attributing  the  origin  of  this  term  to  a 
series  of  classical  works  said  to  have  been  pre- 
pared for  the  use  of  the  French  "Dauphin"? 
Of  course  every  schoolboy  knows  the  title-page 
of  his  large  Virgil,  and  other  useful  works  of  the 
kind,  so  that  I  do  not  wish  to  appear  ignorant  of 
the  "  In  usum  Serenissimi  Delphini  ;"  but  what 
I  desire  to  know  is,  whether  the  term  "  Dolphin 
Editions"  was  derived  from  the  Dauphin,  for 


104 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2^  s.  IX.  FEB.  11.  '60. 


whom  these  editions  were  prepared,  or  whether 
there  may  not  have  been  some  other  cause  for  the 
name  ?  I  find  the  well-known  Aldine  symbol  of 
the  "dolphin  and  anchor"  early  used  by  the  Pari- 
sian printers.  Take,  for  instance,  an  Aldine  Ta- 
citus before  me  :  here  is  the  usual  badge  of  Aldus, 
and  the  following  description  of  the  printer  of  this 
particular  work :  — 

"  Parish's,  apud  Robertum  Colombellum  via  ad  D.  lo- 
annaem  Lateranensem  in  Aldina  Blbliotheca  MDLXXXI. 
Cum  privilegio  Regis." 

Now  was  the  term  "  Delphin"  taken  out  of  com- 
pliment to  the  future  monarch  of  France,  or  had 
it  been  previously  applied  to  the  printed  classics 
in  memory  of  the  Venetian  father  and  promoter 
of  classical  publications  ?  Or  was  it  perhaps  a 
chance  admixture  of  these  two  ideas  ?  I  forget  to 
how  many  volumes  the  Delphin  series  extends, 
but  even  the  brain  of  embryo  royalty  could  hardly 
have  waded  through  one-tenth  of  the  number. 

C.  LE  POER  KENNEDY. 

]_It  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  the  dolphin  was  the 
armorial  bearing  of  the  Dauphins  of  Auvergne  from  the 
time  of  Guy  the  Fat  in  the  twelfth  century.  This  may 
account  for  the  origin  of  the  name  given  to  the  celebrated 
collection  known  as  the  Delphin  Classics,  consisting  of 
sixty  volumes,  printed  between  1674  and  1694,  and 
originally  destined  for  the  use  of  the  Dauphin,  son  of 
Louis  XI\r.  The  device  of  Aldus  Manutius  was  the 
anchor  and  dolphin,  borrowed  from  a  silver  medal  of  the 
Emperor  Titus,  presented  to  Aldus  by  Cardinal  Bembus. 
On  one  side  of  the  medal  was  the  hea'd  of  the  Emperor ; 
on  the  reverse  a  dolphin  twisted  round  an  anchor;  and 
the  emblem,  or  hieroglyphic,  is  supposed  to  "correspond 
with  an  adage  (o-n-e^fie /SpaSews)  said  to  have  been  the 
favourite  motto  of  Augustus.  That  venerable  biblio- 
grapher Sir  Egerton  Brydges  thus  poetically  eulogises 
the  device  of  Aldus :  — 

"  Would  you  still  be  safely  landed, 

On  the  Aldine  anchor  ride ; 
Never  yet  was  vessel  stranded 
With  the  dolphin  by  its  side. 

"  Nor  time  nor  envy  e'er  shall  canker 
The  sign  that  is  my  lasting  pride ; 
Joy,  then,  to  the  Aldine  anchor, 
And  the  dolphin  at  its  side ! 

"  To  the  dolphin,  as  we're  drinking, 

Life,  and  health,  and  joy  we  send  ; 
A  poet  once  he  saved  from  sinking*, 
And  still  he  lives  — the  poet's  friend."] 

BARLEY  SUGAR.  —  Can  you  inform  me  whence 
the  term  "  Barley  Sugar "  (a  misnomer  as  far  as 
barley  is  concerned)  is  derived?  Am  I  ri^ht  in 
supposing  it  to  be  a  corruption  from  "  Morlaix 
sucre  ?  "  Sucre  de  Morlaix,"  in  Brittany.  T.  C. 

[Barley  sugar  appears  to  have  been  so  called,  because 
formerly  in  making  it  the  practice  was  to  boil  up  the 
sugar  with  a  decoction  of  barley.  "  Barley  sugar,  sao 
charum  hordeatum . . .  should  be  boiled  up  with  a  decoction 
of  barley,  whence  it  takes  its  name.  In  lieu  thereof,  they 
now  generally  use  common  water.  To  give  it  the  brigh- 


[*  Arlon,  a  lyric  poet  and  musician.] 


ter  amber  colour,  they  sometimes  cast  saffron  into  it." 
Chambers's  Cyclop.  1788.  See  also  Ogilvie's  Imp.  Dic- 
tionary, and  Pereira's  Mat.  Med.  The  corresponding 
French  name  is  Sucre  d'orge,  "  substance  formce  de  sucre 
et  d'eau  d'orge,  roulee  en  batons."  (Bescherelle.)  We 
have  no  knowledge  of  the  "  Sucre  de  Morlaix  ;  "  but  shall 
be  happy  to  make  acquaintance  with  it.] 

"ESSAIES    POLITICKE    AND    MoRALL, 

By  D.  T.,  Gent.  Printed  by  H.  L.  for  Mathew  Lownes, 
dwelling  in  Paules  Churchyard,  1608.  Small  8vo.,  pp. 
138.  With  Six  pages  of  Title  and  Dedication  to  the 
Right  Honojable  and  vertuous  Ladie,  the  L-adie  Anne 
Harington." 

Can  any  of  your  readers  throw  light  on  the 
authorship  of  this  able  and  well-written  series  of 
essays  ?  Lowndes  notes  the  existence  of  such  a 
work,  without  saying  in  what  collection  it  is  to  be 
found.  J.  M. 

[Attributed  to  Daniel  Tuvill.'  The  work  is  in  the 
British  Museum.] 

LONGEVITY.  —  I  possess  a  thick  duodecimo  of 
about  500  pages,  with  the  following  title  :  — 

"  Viri  Illustris  Nicolai  Claudii  Fabricii  de  Peiresc,  Se- 
natoris  Aquisextiensis  Vita,  per  Petrum  Gassendum,  &c. 
Hagse  Comitis,  1651." 

In  it  there  is  given  the  following  instance  of 
longevity  in  England :  — 

"Praeter  haec,  copiose  disseruit  de  hominum  longasvi- 
tate,  occasione  illius  senis,  qui  superiore  Novembri  occu- 
buerat  in  Anglia,  post  exactos  annos  centum  et  quinqua- 
ginta  duos,"  p.  462. 

This  was  in  the  year  1636.  Does  any  one 
know  who  this  alderman  of  152  was  ?  H.  B. 

["  The  old  man  in  England"  is  no  other  than  that,  ex- 
traordinary instance  of  longevity,  Thomas  Parr;  who, 
through  the  change  .of  air  and  diet  in  the  court  of  Charles 
I.,  where  he  was  exhibited  by  the  Earl  of  Arundel,  died 
in  1635,  at  the  age  of  one  hundred  and  fifty-two  years 
and  nine  months.  His  body  was  opened  b}'  Dr.  Harvey, 
who  discovered  no  internal  marks  of  decay.] 

WHITE  ELEPHANT.  —  I  have  recently  seen  an 
old  portrait  of  a  gentleman  in  blaek  armour  wear- 
ing a  white  elephant  jewelled,  suspended  round 
the  neck  by  a  broad  blue  ribbon.  Will  some 
of  your  readers  till  me  what  this  decoration 
means  ?  I  am  anxious  to  ascertain  whom  the  por- 
trait represents.  J.  C.  H. 

[The  Order  of  the  White  Elephant  of  Denmark  was 
instituted  by  Canute  IV.  in  1190,  and  renewed  by  Chris- 
tian L,  some  say  in  1458,  others  in  1478.  The  collar  of 
the  order  at  first  was  composed  of  elephants  and  crosses 
formed  anchor-wise.  They  were  linked  together,  and 
suspended  from  them  was  an  image  of  the  Virgin  Mar}', 
surrounded  with  a  glory,  and  holding  the  Infant  Jesus 
upon  her  arm.  This  badge  and  collar  were  afterwards 
changed  ;  and  in  the  place  of  the  former  was  substituted 
an  elephant  of  gold  and  white  enamel,  with  tusks  and 
trunk  of  gold.  It  stands  upon  a  mound  of  green  ena- 
melled earth,  and  bears  upon  its  back  a  tower  or  castle, 
furnished  with  lire- arms.  This,  above  and  below,  is  set 
with  diamonds,  and  beneath  the  tower  is  a  small  cross 
consisting  of  five  diamonds,  which  is  placed  on  the  side 
of  the  elephant.  Upon  the  neck  of  the  animal  is  seated 


2nd  S.  IX.  FEB.  11.  'GO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


105 


a  little  Moor  of  black  enamel,  who  holds  a  spear  of  gold 
in  his  right  hand.  This  badge  is  suspended  from  a  double 
gold  ring,  and  the  knights  wear  it  attached  to  a  rich, 
broad,  sky-blue  watered  ribbon,  which  is  worn  scarf-wise 
over  the  left  shoulder.  The  motto  of  the  order  is  "  Mag- 
naniini  Pretium."  Vide  Historical  Account  of  the  Orders 
of  Knighthood  [by  Sir  Levatt  Hanson],  2  vols.  8vo.  No 
date.] 


DR.  HICKES'S  MANUSCRIPTS. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  74.) 

During  the  first  half  of  the  last  century  a  cer- 
tain registrar  of  the  Consistory  Court  of  Durham 
was  in  the  habit  of  lighting  his  pipe  with  one  of 
the  old  wills  under  his  charge,  and  of  glorying  in 
his  deed.  "Here  goes  the  testator,"  was  his 
usual  exclamation  when  so  employed.  That  was 
bad  enough,  certainly  ;  but  yet  it  was  only  a  bit- 
by-bit  destruction,  and  was  at  length  arrested. 
But  what  are  we  to  say  of  this  literary  holocaust, 
the  consigning  of  "  three  large  chests "  of  MSS. 
to  the  devouring  element  ?  "  Here  goes  the  most 
learned  author  of  Thesaurus  Linguarum  Septen- 
trionalium  /" 

But  it  is  not  only  on  account  of  the  loss  of 
notes  connected  with  philology  that  this  wholesale 
destruction  is  to  be  deplored,  but  still  more  on 
account  of  additional  materials  for  the  history  of 
the  Conjurors  and  their  proceedings  being  thus 
irrecoverably  lost.  Dr.  Hickes  was  one  of  the 
f  most  prominent,  and  at  one  time  was  the  main- 
stay and  the  sole  rallying  point  of  the  succession 
of  nonjuring  bishops.  On  Feb.  24th,  1693,  he 
was  consecrated  Suffragan  Bishop  of  Thetford  by 
the  deprived  Bishops  of  Norwich,  Ely,  and  Peter- 
borough. Thomas  WagstafFe  was  at  the  same  time 
consecrated  Bishop  of  Ipswich.  The  latter  died  Oct. 
17,  1712,  leaving  Dr.  Hickes  the  sole  surviving 
nonjuring  bishop.  In  order,  therefore,  to  per- 
petuate the  succession,  he  engaged  two  Scotch 
bishops,  Gadderar  and  Campbell,  to  assist  him  in 
consecrating  others;  namely,  Jeremy  Collier  (the 
historian),  Samuel  Hawes,  and  Nathaniel  Spinkes. 
This  took  place  June  3rd,  1713.  It  is  very  remark- 
able that  Gadderar  had  been  himself  consecrated  by 
Dr.  Hickes  on  24th  Feb.  1712,  in  London,  assisted 
by  Falconar  and  Campbell.  There  are  several 
interesting  letters  from  Dr.  Hickes  to  T.  Hearne, 
Dr.  Charlett,  &c.  published  in  "  Letters  from  the 
Bodleian  Library  and  Ashmolean  Museum,"  Lon- 
don, 1813,  in  none  of  which  does  he  allude  to  his 
own  episcopal  character.  I  have  no  doubt,  there- 
fore, that  among  the  mass  of  papers  destroyed 
there  must  have  been  many  interesting  memorials 
of  the  proceedings  of  the  Nonjurors.  I  conclude 
with  this  Query,  Did  Dr.  Hickes  in  his  will  give 
any  directions  about  these  manuscripts?  Also, 
what  is  the  reason  why  they  were  for  upwards  of 


a  century  consigned  to  the  darkness  of  a  lumber- 
room  ?  JOHN  WILLIAMS. 
Arno's  Court. 

[In  a  codicil  to  the  will  of  Dr.  George  Hickes,  dated 
July  18,  1715,  five  months  before  his  death,  is  the  follow- 
ing passage  relating  to  his  books  and  manuscripts :  "  I 
give  all  my  manuscripts,  letters,  and  written  papers,  re- 
lating to  any  controversies  I  have  been  engaged  in,  unto 
Mr.  Hilkiah  Bedford,  with  liberty  to  him  to  publish 
in  part,  or  in  whole,  such  of  them  as  he  shall  think  fit. 
I  also  give  him  such  printed  books  of  that  kind  as  I  have 
published,  or  to  which  I  have  prefixed  Prefaces,  Letters, 
or  Dedications;  as  also  such  books  as  are  therein  an- 
swered by  me.  And  after  his  decease,  or  that  he  shall 
have  made  such  use  of  them  as  he  shall  think  proper,  I 
give  them  all  to  whom  Mr.  Bedford  shall  by  his  last  will 
and  testament  appoint,  as  a  proper  person,  with  whom 
they  may  be  deposited,  and  with  them  a  catalogue  of  them 
all,  as  well  such  as  I  have  already  delivered  to  him,  or 
shall  hereafter  deliver  to  him,  as  all  the  rest  that  shall  in 
pursuance  hereof  be  delivered  to  the  said  Mr.  Bedford  by 
my  executor." 

It  appears  that  Hilkiah  Bedford  was  present  at  the 
death-bed  of  Dr.  Hickes,  and  immediately  despatched  the 
following  letter  to  Thomas  Hearne,  the  Oxford  antiquary : 

"  Dec.  15,  1715. 

"DEAREST  SIR,  —  I  received  yours,  and  was  waiting  an 
opportunity  to  return  the  16s.  for  the  four  subscriptions, 
when  I  was  obliged,  by  very  ill  news,  to  write  to  )'ou 
immediately,  before  I  could  get  that  little  bill.  It  is,  Sir, 
to  acquaint  you,  that  after  a  long  indisposition,  from 
which  we  hoped  he  was  now  rather  recovering,  our 
excellent  friend,  the  late  Dean  of  Worcester,  was  at  about 
twelve  last  night  taken  speechless,  and  died  this  morning 
soon  after  ten.  I  pray  God  support  us  under  this  great 
loss,  and  all  our  afflictions,  and  remove  them,  or  us  from 
them,  when  it  is  His  blessed  will." 

On  Jan.  25,  1720,  being  the  festival  of  St.  Paul,  Hil- 
kiah Bedford  was  consecrated  a  bishop  at  the  oratory  of 
the  Rev.  Richard  Rawlinson,  in  Gray's  Inn,  by  Samuel 
Hawes,  Nathaniel  Spinkes,  and  Henry  Gandy. 

Hearne  informs  us  that  "Dr.  Hickes  "left  Hilkiah 
Bedford  his  own  books  and  a  legacy  in  money,  desiring 
that  Mr.  Bedford  might  write  his  life,  which  accordingly 
he  undertook,  but  I  know  not  whether  he  finished  it." 
Hearne  farther  adds,  under  Dec.  1,  1724;  "Mr.  Baker 
of  Cambridge  writes  me  word  that  Mr.  Bedford  died  Nov. 
25th  last,  about  ten  at  night  of  the  stone.  By  his  will,  he 
has  left  his  wife  and  eldest  son  executors.  He  was 
buried  on  Sunday,  Nov.  29,  in  St.  Margaret's,  Westmin- 
ster, the  pall  being  held  up  by  six  friends  of  his  own 
principles,  and  the  office  read  by  another." 

Hilkiah  Bedford  left  three  sons,  William  and  John,  both 
eminent  physicians,  and  Thomas,  a  Nonjuring  divine 
settled  at  Compton  in  Derbyshire.  Hearne,  in  his  Diary 
of  Dec.  31, 1734,  has  the  following  interesting  notice  of  this 
son :  "  Mr.  Thomas  Bedford,  one  of  the  sons  of  my  friend 
the  late  Mr.  Hilkiah  Bedford,  is  now  very  inquisitive 
about  the  liturgies  of  St.  Basil,  St.  Mark,  St.  James,  St. 
Chrysostom,  and  other  Greek  liturgies,  and  hath  wrote  to 
me  about  them,  to  get  intelligence  about  MSS.  thereof 
in  Bodley,  well  knowing,  he  saith,  that  there  is  nobody 
better  acquainted  with  the  MSS.  there  than  myself.  He 
wants  the  age  of  them,  and  other  particulars,  and  a 
person  to  be  recommended  to  collate  such  MSS.  But 
having  been  debarr'd  the  library  a  great  number  of  years, 
I  am  now  a  stranger  there,  and  cannot  in  the  least  assist 
him,  tho'  I  once  design'd  to  have  been  very  nice  in  exa- 
mining all  those  liturgical  MSS.,  and  to  have  given  notes 
of  their  age,  and  particularly  of  Leofric's  Latin  Missal, 


106 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[2»d  S.  IX.  FEB.  11.  '60. 


which  I  had  a  design  of  printing,  being  countenanc'd 
thereto  by  Dr.  Hickes,  Mr.  Dodwel),  &c.  It  is  called  Leo- 
flic's  Missal,  because  given  by  Bishop  Leofric  to  his 
church  at  Exeter.  See  Wanley's  catalogue  in  Dr.  Hickes's 
Thesaurus,  pp.  82,  83.  Some  part  of  this  MS.  is  of  later 
date  than  Leofric's  time,  and  Mr.  Bedford  therefore  de- 
sires to  have  my  opinion  of  the  antiquity  of  the  canon  of 
the  Mass,  which  is  one  part  of  it.  I  wish  I  could,  gratify 
Mr.  Bedford."  Thomas  Bedford  was  the  editor  of  a  work 
by  Simeon,  a  monk  of  Durham,  entitled  Libellusde  exordia 
atque  procursu  Dunhelmensis  Eccksia  ;  with  a  continuation 
to  1154,  and  an  Account  of  the  hard  usage  Bishop  Wil- 
liam received  from  Rufus.  Lond.  Svo.  1732.  Thomas 
Bedford  died  at  Compton  in  1773,  and  was  buried  at 
Ashborne.  It  is  probable  that  the  Bowdler  manuscripts 
(now  in  private  hands)  may  throw  some  light  on  the 
subsequent  destiny  of  Dr.  Hickes's  manuscripts. —  ED.] 


BURGHEAD:    SINGULAR  CUSTOM: 
CLAVIE:    DURIE. 

(2nd   S.    ix.    38.) 

In  addition  to  the  two  terms  now  requiring  ex- 
planation, clavie  and  durie,  your  correspondent 
mentions  a  third  —  "  the  baileys."  This,  it  ap- 
pears, is  a  term  invariably  applied  to  the  fortifica- 
tions that  crowned  the  heights  of  Burghead,  and 
is  supposed  to  be  a  corruption  of  ballium^tliQ  Lat. 
vallum. 

If  the  term  "baileys"  be  thus  of  Latin  origin, 
may  we  not  suspect  the  same  of  the  two  terms 
now  in  question,  clavie  and  durie?  The  dune, 
your  correspondent  informs  us,  is  "  a  small  artifi- 
cial eminence  near  the  point  of  the  promontory,  and 
interesting  as  being  a  portion  of  the  ancient  forti- 
cations "  (which,  if  not  wholly  Roman,  are  sup- 
posed to  have  been  Roman  in  their  origin).  May 
not  durie,  then,  be  torre,  which  is  the  It.,  Sp., 
Port.,  and  Romance  form  of  the  Lat.  turris  ?  Cf. 
"  Torres  Vedras"  near  Lisbon  (Turres  Veteres). 
Cf.  also  with  durie  (the  "small  artificial  emi- 
nence"), the  Med-Lat.  turella,  and  Fr.  tourelle,  a 
little  tower. 

But  of  what  nature  was  this  durie,  torre,  turella, 
or  little  tower  ?  Standing  as  it  did  near  the  point 
of  the  promontory,  may  it  not  have  been  that  very 
usual  appendage  to  a  stronghold  overlooking  the 
sea,  a  pharos  or  beacon  ?  For  lighting  up  a 
beacon  it  became  usual,  according  to  Coke,  instead 
of  a  stack  of  wood,  to  employ  a  "pitch-box"  In- 
deed our  usual  idea  of  an  old-fashioned  beacon  is 
a  fire-box  or  tar-barrel  upon  a  pole.  This  may 
explain  why  the  lads  of  Burghead  annually  fix  a 
pole  into  a  barrel,  into  which  tar  is  put;  and  why, 
when  the  tar  has  been  set  on  fire,  the  barrel  is 
shouldered,  carried  up  to  the  durie,  and  there 
placed  to  burn :  all  very  intelligible,  if  the  durie 
itself  was  originally  a  pharos  or  beacon.  More- 
over, suppose  a  promontory  jutting  out  into  the 
ocean,  and  at  its  seaward  extremity  a  tower  look- 
ing down  upon  the  waves ;  and  we  may  at  once 
understand  the  name  of  the  village  itself.  Burg- 


head, that  is,  Burg  Head,  Burg  being  here  equi- 
valent to  the  Gr.  irvpyos,  a  tower.  Cf.  Todd's 
Johnson  on  Burgh,  and  Wachter  on  Burg.  Burg 
Head,  a  head  or  promontory  surmounted  by  a 
tower. 

But  if  "baileys"  be  ballium  or  vallum,  and 
"  durie  "  be  torre  or  turris,  what  is  "  clavie  ?  " 

The  clavie,  be  it  borne  in  mind,  is,  according  to 
your  correspondent,  the  local  name  of  the  annual 
tar-barrel  burnt  on  the  durie.  Several  etymolo- 
gies of  clavie  might  be  suggested,  but  I  will  hazard 
only  one. 

"Calefonia"  was  one  form  (2nd  S.  iii.  289.  519., 
&c.)  of  "  Colophony  "  or  "Colofonia,"  an  old  name 
for  resin,  used  also  for  tar  or  pitch.  May  not 
clavie,  the  tar-barrel,  then,  be  a  modified  form  of 
calefonia?  Thus  all  the  three  terms,  baileys, 
durie,  and  clavie,  would  agree  in  having  a  Latin 
origin. 

It  does  certainly  appear,  as  your  correspondent 
suggests,  that  the  annual  ceremony  of  the  clavie  is 
in  part  a  remnant  of  old  northern  superstition,  on 
which  subject  I  would  refer  to  Grimm's  German 
Mythology,  where  he  treats  on  the  superstitious 
practices  connected  with  fire  and  fire-nights  (Deuts. 
Mythol.  1843-4,  pp.  567-597.,  passim}.  The  Ger- 
man votaries  threw  into  their  great  annual  bon- 
fires offerings  ("  werfen  in  das  Feuer  Geschenke," 
p.  569.).  So  the  Burghead  youngsters,  having 
set  fire  to  the  clavie,  throw  into  the  midst  of 
the  burning  the  staves  of  a  second  barrel, 
which  they  break  up  for  that  purpose.  This  is 
part  of  the  annual  rite.  On  the  Weser  the  tar- 
barrel  (Theerfass)  is  fastened  on  the  top  of  a 
pine-tree  (Tanne),  and  set  fire  to  at  night  (p.  582.). 
So,  at  night,  the  clavie  is  carried  burning  on  the 
top  of  a  pole.  From  the  German  bonfires  the 
brands,  ere  wholly  consumed,  were  carried  home. 
("Von  den  Branden  trug  man  gern  mifc  nach 
Haus,"  p.  582.).  So,  the  clavie  being  upset  ere  it 
has  burnt  out,  fragments  were  formerly  "  carried 
home,  and  carefully  preserved  as  charms  against 
witchcraft."  THOMAS  BOYS. 


MALSH. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  63.) 

The  above  word,  slightly  varied  in  form,  is 
common  in  all  the  eastern  counties,  and  probably 
elsewhere.  In  Lincolnshire  we  pronounce  it 
Melch.  It  is  only  used  when  speaking  of  the 
weather,  and  signifies  warmth  united  with  mois- 
ture. A  few  years  ago,  when  we  had  a  bad 
harvest  in  this  country,  an  old  man  met  me  one 
drizzling  morning  late  in  the  month  of  August 
with  the  following  salutation  :  — 

"  It's  strange  melch  weather,  sir ;  I  doubt  the  wheat 
'ill  sprout,  but  it  not  sa  bad  yet  as  it  was  in  ninety-nine ; 
that  was  the  melchest  time  I  ever  knew,  when  we  had 
to  eat  our  bread  with  a  spoon,  it  was  so  soft," 


&  IX.  FEB. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


107 


Malsh  is  in  no  manner  connected,  either  in 
meaning  or  by  derivation,  with  marish. 

Marish  as  a  provincial  word  is  not  known  here. 
I  question  whether  it  is  to  be  heard  in  the  mouths 
of  the  common  people  anywhere.  To  Tennyson, 
however,  does  not  belong  the  honour  of  its  intro- 
duction into  English  literature.  Marish  is  the 
English  form  of  the  mediaeval  Latin  word  maris- 
cus*  which  latter  is  probably  derived  from  the 
Anglo-Saxon  mersc  (old  German  marsch,  whence 
our  word  marsh}. 

It  is  a  fine  old  pleasant  sounding  word,  for  the 
use  of  which  Mr.  Tennyson  has  very  good  au- 
thority, as  the  following  examples  will  show  :  — 

Capgrave :  — 

"  Then  was  the  Kyng  ful  glad  of  this  chauns,  and 
gadered  a  grete  boost,  for  to  goo  into  Scotland:  but 
whan  he  cam  into  that  Lond,  the  Scottis  fled  onto  wodes 
and  raarices  and  othir  gtranunge  place."  (Chronicle  of 
England,  p.  190.) 

Spencer : 

"  Only  these  marishes  and  rayrie  bogs." 

Faerie  Queene,  b.  v.  c.  x.  s.  xxiii. 

The  word  marsh   is  used  by  Spencer   a  few 
stanzas  previously. 
Markham  (Gervaise)  : 

"  The  more  sedgie,  marish,  rotten,  and  fertile  such 
grounds  are,  the  fitter  they  are  for  the  hauntes  of  such 
foule."  (Hunger's  Prevention,  1655,  p.  8.) 

For  other  instances  of  the  use  of  marish  by 
Chaucer,  Lord  Berners,  Raleigb,  Milton,  Dyer, 
&c.,  see  Richardson's  Dictionary  under  "  Marsh." 

EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

Bottesford  Manor,  Brigg. 

The  word  melsh,  or  melch,  as  applied  to  weather, 
is  by  no  means  confined  to  the  fen  or  marsh  dis- 
tricts, being  common  enough  in  Yorkshire,  where 
the  writer  has  often  heard  it  used.  Indeed,  Hal- 
liwell  gives  match  as  a  Craven  word.  So  Grose  : 

"  Melsh,  moist,  damp,  drizzling ;  inelsh  weather.  North. 
Mulch,  straw,  half-rotten."  S. 

It  seems,  if  not  an  onomatopoetic  word,  to  be 
more  connected  with  the  A.-S.  milts,  mild,  than 
with  marish,  or  marsh.  Cf.  milce,  pity,  mildness  ; 
and  the  well-known  passage  in  Hamlet  (Act  II. 
Sc.  2.)  : 

"  The  instant  burst  of  clamour  that  she  made 

Would  have  made  milch  the  burning  eyes  of  heaven." 

Where  milch  =  moist,   certainly  gives   the  best 
sense.  J.  EASTWOOD. 

This  word  is  pure  Dutch,  and  has  nothing 
whatever  to  do  with  marish,  the  old  form  of 
marsh.  Malsch  in  Dutch  means  soft,  tender, 
ripe  (as  applied  to  fruit),  and  would  well  describe 
the  wet  and  boggy  condition  of  the  ground  in 
rainy  weather.  How  the  word  came  to  be  used 


in  Huntingdonshire  I  know  not,  unless,  indeed, 
any  considerable  colony  of  Dutchmen  came  over 
at  any  time  for  the  purpose  of  draining  and  em- 
banking the  fens  there.  JAYDEE. 


BRASS  AT  WEST  HEELING  ;   «  ET  PRO  QUIBUS 

TENENTUR." 
(2nd  S.  viii.  417.  461.  541) 

If,  as  your  correspondent  H.  HAINES  alleges, 
there  are  very  few  sepulchral  brasses  on  which  an 
expression  similar  to  the  above  is  to  be  found,  the 
same  cannot  be  said  of  old  wills ;  for  here,  there  is 
an  embarras  de  richesses;  and  they  all  undoubtedly 
fix  the  meaning  according  to  the  Editor's  ex- 
planation —  an  obligation  to  pray.  I  will  select 
a  few  specimens  :  — 

Extract  from  the  will  of  Sir  Robert  Ogle, 
Knt.,  dated  7th  February,  1410 :  — 

"  Volo  eciam  quod  duo  honesti  et  idonei  capellani  per 
xij  annos  ibidem  pro  anima  mea,  et  Johannas  uxoris  mea? , 
ac  omnium  parentum  et  benefactorum  nostrorum,  et  pro 
animalus  quibus  teneor,  celebraturi  inveniantur,  horas  ca- 
nonicas  cum  placebo  et  dirige  singulis  diebus  &  canone 
licitis  prremissa  dicturi,  et  quod  sua  salaria  de  terris  meis 
in  Northmidelton  &c.  eisdem  capellanissolvantur." 

From  the  will  of  Alan  de  Newark,  a  dignitary 
of  York,  dated  "  Ebor.  in  fest.  Trin."  1411  :  — 

"  Item  lego  omnia  alia  bona  mea  distribuenda  magis 
pauperibus  et  egenis  in  civitate  Eboraci  et  locis  aliis,  et 
in  alios  pios  usus,  ad  laudem  Dei,  et  pro  mea,  et  aliorum 
quibus  astrictus  sum  animabus" 

And  further  on  in  the  same  will :  — 
"  Item  volo  qubd  ordinetur  ut  unus  capellanus  celebret 
in  Ecclesia  Ebor.  ad  altare  Sancti  Johannis  Evangelists; 
pro  anima  Thomas  fratris  mei,  et  animabus  parentum 
meoruni,  et  omnium  eorum  quibus  tenentur,  et  anima  mea, 
per  xx  annos  proxime  sequentes  mortem  meam ;  ethabeat 
quolibet  anno  Cs." 

And  once  more  in  the  same  will :  — 
"  Item  volo  ut  residuum  bonorum  meorum  pauperibus 
et  egenis  non  fictis, — pro  animd  Thomee  fratris  mei,  et 
mea,  et  animabus  parentum  meorum  et  omnium  eorum 
quibus  sumus  obligati,  ac  omnium  fidelium  defunctorum, 
fideliter  et  discrete  distribuantur." 

From  the  will  of  Robert  Wycliffe,  Rector  of 
Rudby,  dated  Sept.  8,  1423  :  — 

"  Item  volo  qubd  viginti  libra?  dentur  duobus  capella- 
nis  celebraturis  pro  anima  mea  animabusque  patris  mei  et 
matris,  et  omnium  benefactorum  meorum,  et  pro  animabus 
omnium  illorum  pro  quibus  teneor,  et  sum  oneratus  exorare. 
Et  volo  qubd  Johannes  De  Midilton  sit  unus  de  praedictis 
capellanis." 

From  a  will,  in  English,  of  Sir  William  Bulmer, 
Knt.,  dated  6  Oct.  1531  :  — 

"  To  the  College  of  Staindrop  and  the  Priests  there, 
x8.,  for  tbe  soules  of  my  father  and  mother,  and  for  my 
wyfs  saull,  and  for  all  fhesaulls  lam  bound  to  pray  for  " 

From  the  will  of  Richard  Burgh,  Esquire,  dated 
6  Dec.  1407  :  — 
"  Item  lego  xiij  marcas  duobus  presbyteris  ad  cele- 


108 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  FKB.  11.  'GO. 


brandum  per  unum  annum  pro  animabus  Ricardi  Regis 
Angliae,  Ducis  Northfol',  Thomae  Domini  de  Clyfford, 
Matthei  de  Redman  militis,  pro  animabus  amicorum 
meorum,  et  pro  animabus  omnium  fidelium  defunctorum, 
de  quibus  aliqua  bona  habni,  et  restitutionem  non  fed." 

My  last  extract  shall  be  from  the  will  of  no  less 
a  personage  than  the  celebrated  Lord  Chief  Jus- 
tice Gascoigne,  dated  "  Die  Veneris  proxime  post 
festum  Sanctse  Lucise  Virginis,  A.D.  MCCCCXIX.": — 

"  Item  do  et  lego  tribus  presbyteris  post  decessum 
menm,  tribus  annis  celebraturis,  pro  anima  mea  et  ani- 
mabus Elizabeth  uxoris  me*,  et  parentum  meorum, 
Domini  Johannis  fratris  mei,  et  pro  animabus  quibus 
maxime  sum  obligates  exorare,  et  animabus  omnium  fide- 
lium defunctorum,  liiij  marcas." 

This  "  pro  quibus  teneor  orare "  comprised  a 
variety  of  spiritual  obligations,  not  only  to  bene- 
factors and  friends,  but  to  those  especially  who 
might  have  been  perverted,  and  led  into  sin  by 
the  testator,  an  obligation  which  would  press  it- 
self with  great  force  on  the  conscience  of  a  dying 
penitent,  and  urge  him  to  adopt  the  only  repara- 
tion in  his  power,  the  procuring  of  prayers  for 
their  spiritual  welfare. 

Your  learned  correspondent  F.  C.  H.,  though 
he  prefers  another  explanation  of  the  words  on 
the  West  Herling  brass,  admits,  I  observe,  the 
other  solution  also ;  and  I  think,  when  he  con- 
siders the  commentary  afforded  by  these  testa- 
mentary expressions,  he  will  acknowledge  that  it 
is  the  only  solution  possible.  JOHN  WILLIAMS. 

Arno's  Court. 


SUNDRY  REPLIES. 

Having  perused  some  of  the  recent  Parts  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  I  find  there  are  several  points  upon 
which  I  can  forward  information. 

Scotch  Clergy  deprived  at  the  Revolution  (2nd  S. 
viii.  329.  390.) — Although  perhaps  better  adapted 
to  meet  the  second  than  the  first  of  these  Queries, 
there  will  be  found  in  the  first  of  four  quarto 
volumes  (vol.  A.)  presented  in  1783  to  the  Advo- 
cates' Library  at  Edinburgh  by  John  Swinton 
Lord  Swinton,  and  entitled 

"  Kirk  Manuscripts,  Ane  Account  of  the  Names  of  the 
Ministers  and  Parishes  since  the  Revolution  1689,  distin- 
guishing the  Episcopalian  from  the  Presbyterian." 

Knox  Family  (2nd  S.  viii.  400.)— If  the  "  Right 
Hon.  William  Knox,  Under  Secretary  of  State 
under  Lord  North's  administration,"  be  of  the 
house  of  Knox,  Earls  of  Ranfurly,  your  corre- 
spondent FALCON  would  find  in  the  genealogical 
collections  of  Walter  Macfarlane,  Esq.,  of  Macfar- 
lane,  the  eminent  antiquary  — 

"  An  exact  and  well  vouched  Genealogie  of  the  ancient 
Family  of  Knox  or  Knox  of  Ranfurlie,  in  the  Barony 
and  County  of  Renfrew,  in  the  Kingdom  of  Scotland." 

Their  descent  is  here  traced  from 

"  Adam  Filius  Ucbtredi,  who  in  the  reign  of  Alexander 


the  Second  obtained  from  Walterus  Filius  Allani  Senes- 
callus  Scotiae  the  Progenitor  of  the  Serene  Race  of  the 
Steuarts,  the  Lands  of  Knock  in  Baronia  sua  de  Ren- 
frew." 

These  MS.  collections  are  preserved  in  the 
Advocates'  Library  at  Edinburgh,  and  hoAvever 
extensively  quoted  and  referred  to  as  a  valuable 
repertory  of  historical  and  genealogical  informa- 
tion, have  never  been  published.  References  will 
be  found  plenteously  in  Douglas's  Peerage,  Chal- 
mers' Caledonia,  &c.  And  in  the  Baronage  of 
Scotland,  it  is  recorded  under  "  Macfarlane  of 
that  Ilk,"— 

"  Walter  Macfarlane  of  that  Ilk,  Esq.,  a  man  of  parts, 
learning,  and  knowledge,  a  most  ingenious  antiquary,  and 
by  far  the  best  genealogist  of  his  time.  He  was  possessed 
of  the  most  valuable  materials  for  a  work  of  this  kind  of 
any  man  in  the  kingdom,  which  he  collected  with  great 
judgement  and  at  considerable  expense;  and  to  which 
we  always  had  and  still  have  free  access.  This  suffici- 
ently appears  by  the  many  quotations  from  Macfarlane's 
Collection  both  in  the  Peerage  and  Baronage  of  Scot- 
land." 

As  many  of  your  readers  would  perhaps  like  to 
see  an  account  of  the  family  from  which  the  great 
Reformer  is  held  to  have  sprung,  if  you  are  willing 
to  enrich  your  pages  with  their  history,  I  shall  be 
glad  to  transmit  you  a  copy. 

Hour-Glass  (2nd  S.  viii.  488.)— In  reply  to  J. 
A.  P.  who  inquires  for  illustrations  from  the  old 
divines  having  reference  to  the  hour-glass  and 
the  brevity  of  life,  I  beg  to  send  him  two  from 
an  author  of  the  seventeenth  century  :  — 

"  Our  time  to  remain  in  this  valley  of  misery  is  but 
short;  therefore  be  diligent,  O  Christians!  what  know 
ye,  but  this  may  be  the  eleventh  hour  of  the  day  with 
you,  and  but  one  hour  to  be  spent?  When  sawest  thou  thy 
hour  glass?  Therefore  be  diligent,  and  upon  the  improve- 
ment of  this  much  time  as  thou  hast,  depends  thy  ever- 
lasting estate." 

•"  What  think  ye  of  eternity,  friends?  Did  you  never 
call  time  cruel,  0  cruel  time,  that  hasteth  not  thy  pace, 
that  long  Eternity  might  approach  ?  Were  you  never  at 
that,  if  it  had  been  in  your  power  to  have  shortened  your 
sand-glass,  you  would  have  given  it  a  touch  in  the  bygoing" 

It  will  be  observed,  however,  that  in  these 
quotations  the  preacher  refers  to  the  hour-glass 
in  its  daily  and  familiar  use  amongst  his  hearers, 
making  his  appeal  to  the  manner  in  which  it 
mingled  with  their  every- day  thoughts  and  feel- 
ings, rather  than  to  its  employment  in  the  pulpit 
or  as  present  to  their  view. 

I  need  only  remind  your  correspondent  of  the 
effective  use  made  of  this  feature  of  the  oldei 
time  in  George  Harvey's  Preaching  of  John  Knox. 
Query.  What  is  the  name  of  the  parish  referred 
to  ?  WILLIAM  GALLOWAY. 


REV.  JOHN  GENEST  (2nd  S.  ix.  65.)  — This  gen- 
tleman was  born  in  the  year  1764,  and  after  the 
usual  routine  of  study  at  Westminster,  was  en- 
tered a  pensioner  at  Trinity  College,  Cambridge, 


S.  IX.  FEB.  11.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


109 


of  which  society  he  became  a  scholar  at  the  com- 
mencement of  his  second  year,  at  which  time 
he  became  intimately  acquainted  with  Porson. 
Shortly  after  taking  his  degree,  he  entered  holy 
orders,  and  was  for  many  years  curate  of  a  re- 
tired village  in  Lincolnshire,  and  afterwards  be- 
came private  chaplain  to  the  Duke  of  Ancaster. 
Retiring  from  the  active  duties  of  his  sacred  office 
on  account  of  ill  health,  he  removed  to  Bath  for 
the  benefit  of  the  waters  ;  and  during  the  intervals 
of  leisure  there  afforded  him,  he  compiled  his 
great  work,  the  History  of  the  English  Stage  from 
1660  to  1830.  After  nine  years  of  most  acute 
suffering,  he  died  at  his  residence  in  Henry  Street, 
Dec.  15th,  1839,  at  the  age  of  seventy -five,  and 
was  buried  at  St.  James's  Church.  C.  P.  R. 

FIRELOCK  AND  BAYONET  EXERCISE  (2nd  S.  ix. 
76.)  —  In  copying  the  original  document  which  is 
printed  at  p.  76.  supra,  I  find  I  have  omitted  three 
of  the  evolutions  as  under  :  — 

34.  Shortne   them  against    your 

brest  -  -    1. 2.  ' 

35.  Return  your  Ramers  -  -    1.  2.  3.  4.  5.  6.  7.  8.  9. 

36.  Your  right  hands    under  ye 

Locks        -  -    1. 

Instead  of  the  order  as  printed,  — 
23.  Cart  about  to  charge  -    1.  2. 

read  — 
23.  Cast  about  to  charge  -    1.  2. 

JAMES  GRAVES,  A.B. 
Kilkenny. 

DESTRUCTION  OF  MSS  (2nd  S.  ix.  88.)— Many 
years  ago,  upon  the  death  of  Sir  Edward  Howorth, 
who,  for  some  years  commanded  the  artillery  in 
Spain  under  the  Great  Duke,  the  papers  of  the 
gallant  General  fell  into  the  hands  of  a  relative  : 
the  name  I  suppress.  A  very  voluminous  cor- 
respondence between  Sir  Edward  and  the  Com- 
mander-in-Chief  was  destroyed,  one  letter  only 
being  reserved  as  a  present  to  a  friend,  "  who 
might  perhaps  like  to  have  an  autograph  of  the 
Duke." 

This  letter,  which  I  have  seen,  is  one  amongst 
many  proofs  of  what  the  public  is  just  beginning 
to  find  out,  viz.,  that  the  Iron  (?)  Duke  was, 
where  the  occasion  justified  it,  as  kind-hearted 
and  gentle  to  his  friends  as  he  was  formidable  to 
his  enemies.  ANOTHER  OLD  PENINSULAR. 

DICKY  DICKINSON  (2nd  S.  ix.  26.)  — In  «N. 
&  Q."  are  enumerated  several  landslips  which 
have  occurred  at  Folkstone,  and  perhaps  the  fol- 
lowing, which  is  extracted  from  the  London  Ma- 
gazine for  1738,  is  fully  as  remarkable.  Connected 
with  it  also  was  an  extraordinary  personage,  who 
has  already  figured  in  your  columns  (Dicky  Dick- 
inson, 2nd  S.  ii.  189.  273.),  and  was  a  considerable 
sufferer  therefrom.  It  was  considered  as  a  sub- 
terraneous convulsion,  the  soil  and  sand  behind 
Dickinson's  house  being  forced  eighteen  feet  or 


more  above  its  level  for  the  distance  of  one  hun- 
dred yards,  so  completely  burying  the  spa  springs 
that  they  were  not  again  discovered  till  a  diligent 
search  for  them  had  been  made.  We  are  not 
positive  whether  Dickinson  died  a  little  previous 
or  just  after  this  event.*  The  spa  where  Dickin- 
son and  his  mistress  were  living  was  so  close  to 
the  sea,  and  so  little  defended  from  it,  that  he 
wrote  — 

"Neptune  grown  jealous  of  our  pow'rs, 
Turns  Me  and  Peggy  out  of  doors." 

The  earth  after  the  above  displacement  settled 
in  a  slanting  direction,  and  pleasure  grounds  have 
been  formed  on  the  spot,  with  zigzag  walks,  al- 
coves, &c. ;  and  what  would  be  the  astonishment 
of  Dickinson  could  he  view  the  various  transposi- 
tions now  apparent?  Where  his  cottage  stood, 
at  an  expense  of  more  than  10,000/.,  have 
been  erected  concert,  ball,  and  refreshment 
rooms,  which  are  attended  by  many  hundreds 
every  evening  during  the  season.  It  is  stated 
that  Dickinson  was  buried  at  the  old  church  at 
Scarborough,  but  there  does  not  appear  that  any 
monument  was  erected  to  him.  On  a  flat  stone, 
facing  the  south  entrance  of  that  church,  is  inserted 
a  metal  plate  bearing  the  following  inscription  to 
the  memory  of  Dicky  Dickinson's  successor  in 
oflfce:  — 

"  Here  lyeth  the  body  of  MR.  WILLIAM  TYMPERTON, 
late  Governour  of  Scarborough  Spaw,  who  departed  this 
Life  on  the  12th  day  of  January,  1755,  aged  65." 

EPSILON. 

SEA  BREACHES  (2nd  S.  viii.  468.)  — I  have  now 
before  me  a  pamphlet  bearing  the  following  lengthy 
title:  — 

"An  Essay  on  the  Contour  of  the  Coast  of  Norfolk; 
But  more  particularly  as  it  relates  to  the  Marum-Banks 
and  Sea-Breaches,  feo  loudly  and  so  justly  complained 
of.  Read  to  the  '  Society  for  the  Participation  of  Useful 
Knowledge,'  Oct.  20th,  1789,  in  Norwich.  By  M.  J.  Arm- 
strong, Geographer  and  Land-Surveyor ;  Then  a  Brother 
of  that  respectable  Association,  and  now  a  Member  of  the 
Society  of  Arts,  &c.,  in  London.  Norwich :  Printed  by 
Crouse  and  Stevenson,  and  sold  by  Wm.  Stevenson,  in  the 
Market  Place,  1791,"  4to.  pp.  18. 

This  essay  directly  relates  to  the  principal  sub- 
ject-matter of  Note  of  Interrogation's  Query ;  and, 
if  any  such  act  as  that  referred  to  was  passed  in 
the  reign  of  Anne  or  George  I.,  the  author  could 
scarcely  have  failed  to  notice  it  from  ignorance  of 
its  existence,  assisted  as  he  was  in  the  compilation 
of  his  paper,  by  a  communication  from  the  Kev. 
Wm.  Ivory  of  Horsey,  a  local  antiquary  of  well- 
known  intelligence  and  information.  This  conclu- 
sion becomes  the  more  certain  from  the  fact  that 
the  writer  of  the  Essay,  in  describing  the  ravages 
committed  by  the  inroads  of  the  sea,  and  alluding 


[*  The  landslip  took  place  on  Dec.  29, 1737.  Dickinson 
died  on  Sunday,  February  12,  1738-9.  See  "N.  &  Q-," 
2»dS.  ii.  273.  — ED.] 


110 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[  2^  S.  IX.  FEB.  1K»60> 


to  the  remedies  to  be  adopted  for  staying  the  evils 
thereby  caused,  directs  especial  attention  to  the 
statute  law  which  bears  upon  the  case.  In  so 
doing  his  only  reference  is  to  an  act  which  he 
states  had  then  become  obsolete,  of  7  Jas.  I.  c. 
20.,  continued  by  3  Charles  I.  c.  5.,  and  farther 
continued  by  16  Charles  I.  c.  4.,  intituled  "  An  Act 
for  the  speedy  Recovery  of  many  Thousand  Acres 
of  Marsh  Ground  and  other  Ground  within  the 
Counties  of  Norfolk  and  Suffolk,  lately  surrounded 
by  the  Rage  of  the  Sea  in  divers  Parts  of  the  said 
Counties,  and  for  the  Prevention  of  the  danger  of 
the  like  surrounding  hereafter." 

Note  of  Interrogation,  if  not  already  acquainted 
with  the  provisions  of  this  statute,  may  easily 
perhaps  become  so ;  and  I  will  only  farther  state, 
that,  on  27  Dec.  1791,  very  extensive  sea-breaches 
occurred  at  Winterton,  Horsey,  and  Waxham, 
when  destruction  was  threatened  to  all  the  level 
marshes  between  those  places  and  Yarmouth, 
Beccles,  &c.,  and  that  again,  in  Nov.  1800,  the 
sea  broke  through  the  banks  in  the-same  localities, 
on  which  occasion  the  King's  Arms  Inn,  on  Sher- 
ringham  Cliff,  fell  a  prey  to  the  waves. 

WM.  MATTHEWS. 

Cowgill. 

HERALDIC  DRAWINGS  AND  ENGRAVINGS  (2nd  S. 
viii.  471.)  —  I  am  much  obliged  to  MR.  PEACOCK 
for  his  reference  to  Petrasancta  (2nd  S.  viii.  523.), 
but  this  only  informs  me  when  the  lines  to  indi- 
cate tinctures  were  invented,  not  when  they  were 
first  used  in  this  country. 

Your  correspondent  ACHE  says  (2nd  S.  ix.  53.), 
that  the  earliest  instance  of  the  use  of  these  lines 
in  England,  is  "  the  death-warrant  of  King  Charles 
I.,  to  which  the  seals  of  the  subscribing  parties 
are  represented  as  attached."  Were  not  real  wax 
seals  affixed  to  so  important  a  document  ?  Or 
does  ACHE  mean  that  mere  sketches  of  the  seals 
were  drawn  on  the  original  ? 

I  am  still  desirous  of  a  farther  reply  to  my 
Query.  It  seems  hardly  possible  that  the  inven- 
tion of  Petrasancta,  in  the  sixteenth  century, 
should  never  have  been  adopted  in  England  till 
1649. 

Perhaps  your  correspondent,  the  REV.  HERBERT 
HAINES,  so  learned  in  all  that  relates  to  monu- 
mental brasses,  would  kindly  inform  me,  through 
your  pages,  what  is  the  earliest  instance  he  has 
met  with  in  which  the  tinctures  of  heraldry  are 
indicated  by  lines  on  a  monumental  brass. 

JAYDEE. 

CROWE  FAMILY  (2nd  S.  ix.  46.)— Your  corre- 
spondent will  find  an  account  of  the  lineage  of  Sir 
Sackville  Crowe  in  Burke's  Extinct  Baronetage, 
s.  v.  C.  J.  ROBINSON. 

KING  BLADUD  AND  HIS  PIGS  (2nd  S.  ix.  45. )~ 
In  a  book  which  I  possess,  entitled  A  Discourse  of 
Bathe,  by  Th.  Guidot,  M.B.,  London,  1676  (p. 


55.),  mention  of  Bladud  is  made,  and  a  general 
reference  to  William  of  Malmesbury  given ;  and, 
in  pp.  60-1.,  a  quotation  from  Lidgate's  transla- 
tion of  Boccace's  Riming  History  of  Unfortu- 
nate Princes,  fol.  31.  I  shall  be  happy  to  lend 
MR.  BARHAM  Guidot's  book,  if  he  should  be  de- 
sirous of  seeing  it.  C.  J.  ROBINSON. 

ROBERT  KEITH  (2nd  S.  ix.  64.)  — In  Lawson's 
edition  of  Bishop  Robert  Keith's  History  of  the 
Scottish  Episcopal  Church,  Edin.  1844  :  — 

"  It  is  asserted  that  Bishop  Keith  published,  about 
1743,  or  1744,  some  Select  Pieces  of  Thomas  a  Kempis, 
translated  into  English.  In  the  Preface  to  the  second 
volume  he  is  alleged  to  have  introduced  several  addresses 
to  the  Virgin  Mary,  for  which  he  was  required  to  give  an 
explanation  by  his  brethren.  As  the  present  writer  has 
failed  to  obtain  any  information  regarding  this  perform- 
ance, he  cannot  offer  an  opinion  to  the  reader.  Tt  is 
mentioned  in  a  letter  written  to  Bishop  Rait,  and  in  the 
Scots  Mag.,  vol.  xix.  p.  54." 

The  book  of  your  correspondent  is,  no  doubt, 
a  later  edition  of  the  work  here  referred  to,  ori- 
ginally published  at  Edinburgh  in  2  vols.  12mo. 
1721.  J.  O. 

THE  YEA-AND-^AY  ACADEMY  OF  COMPLI- 
MENTS (2nd  S.  ix.  12.)— -The  title  in  full  of  this 
book  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  The  Quakers  Art  of  Courtship ;  or,  the  Yea-and-Nay 
Academy  of  Compliments,  containing  Several  Curious 
Discourses,  by  Way  of  Dialogues,  Letters,  and  Songs, 
between  Brethren  and  Green-apron1  d  Sisters.  As  also,  many 
Rare  and  Comical  Humours,  Tricks,  Adventures,  and 
cheats  of  a  Canting  Bully.  With  several  other  Matters 
very  Pleasant  and  Delightful.  Calculated  for  the  Meri- 
dian of  the  Bull  and  Mouth,  and  may  indifferently  serve 
the  Brethren  of  the  Windmill-order,  for  Noddification 
in  any  Part  of  Will-a-  Wisp-Land.  By  the  Author  of 
Teagueland  Jests.  London,  Printed,  and  are  to  be  sold 
by  most  Booksellers,  1710.  Price  bound,  One  Shilling." 

Collation  :  A  (including  woodcut,  frontispiece, 
and  title)  to  G,  in  twelves.  The  book,  I  believe, 
may  be  considered  scarce.  I  do  not  recollect 
having  seen  any  copy  but  my  own.  On  referring 
to  Teagueland  Jests  (London,  printed  in  the  year 
1690)  I  find  they  are  anonymous.  The  Jests  are 
not  less  rare  than  the  Courtship.  R.  S.  Q. 

BAVIN  (2nd  S.  ix.  25.) — Here  is  an  example  of 
the  use  of  this  word :  A  Savin  of  Bays :  containing 
various  Original  Essays  in  Poetry  by  a  Minor 
Poet,  Lond.,  1762.  The  poet,  evidently  a  Kentish 
one,  says  : 

"  This  Bavin  will  be  found  only  to  contain  a  little 
the  spray -wood  carelessly  pilfered  from  about  the  precinct 
of  Parnassus." 

J.  0. 

TAYLOR  THE  PLATONIST  (2nd  S.  ix.  28.) — Some 
curious  particulars  respecting  him  will  be  found 
in  Barker's  Literary  Anecdotes^  vol.  i.  p.  261. 

THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 


S.  IX.  FEB.  11.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


Ill 


NOTES  ON  REGIMENTS  (2na  S.  ix.  23.)  —  Is  not 
W.  T.  M.  somewhat  hypercritical  in  his  remarks 
on  "Vestigia  nulla  retrorsum,"  the  motto  of  the 
Fifth  Dragoon  Guards?  The  three  words,  al- 
though they  occur  in  two  lines  of  Horace,  are  to 
be  applied  on  their  own  meaning,  without  refer- 
ence to  the  context.  They  form  the  family  motto 
of  the  Earl  of  Buckinghamshire,  and  of  Levinge, 
Bart. 

In  commemorating  the  services  of  a  very  gal- 
lant corps,  the  motto  selected  was  doubtless  in- 
tended to  denote  its  forwardness  in  action  —  that 
it  never  advanced  backwards,  or  turned  its  back  to 
the  enemy. 

In  the  published  records  of  the  army,  there  is 
no  explanation  given  of  the  motto.  In  1  705,  this 
regiment,  then  specified  as  Brigadier  Cadogan's 
Horse,  formed  part  of  the  army  under  the  great 
Marlborough,  and  defeated  four  squadrons  of 
Bavarian  Horse  Grenadier  Guards,  and  took  four 
standards,  with  a  different  motto  on  each,  but  the 
words  in  question  were  not  among  them. 

In  1751  a  warrant  was  issued,  regulating  the 
standards,  &c.,  of  cavalry  regiments.  The  second 
and  third  standards  of  "  The  Second  Irish  Horse" 
(or  the  Green  Horse,  from  the  colour  of  the 
facings),  as  the  present  5th  Regiment  of  Dragoon 
Guards  was  then  styled,  "  were  to  be  of  full  green 
damask,  embroidered  and  fringed  with  gold  ;  the 
rank  of  the  regiment  in  gold  Roman  characters 
in  a  crimson  ground,  within  a  wreath  of  roses 
and  thistles  on  the  same  stalk,  and  the  motto  — 
1  Vestigia  nulla  retrorsum'  —  underneath,"  &c. 

S.  D.  S. 

The  adoption  of  this  motto  from  Horace  (Epist. 
I.  i.  73.)  by  the  5th  Dragoon  Guards,  does  not 
imply  that  they  represent  either  the  circumspect 
fox  or  the  old  and  feeble  lion  in  the  fable,  to 
whom  the  fox,  in  the  language  of  Lokman  (vi.) 
addresses  the  words,  "I  should  enter  willingly, 
but  in  examining  the  foot-prints  (^je!  i\51)  of 

numerous  animals  who  have  entered,  I  cannot  see^ 
one  that  has  returned."  We  have  the  same  fable 
in  Greek  (Bohn's  Plato,  iv.  346.  n.)  :  — 

"  2w?  £ti6i,  ^Tfjcriv'  el  8'  aireijuu,  eruyyi/wcret. 
yap  l\vi}  Or)pC(av  e/j.'  ftKaAA.'  ov. 


TtSv 


r    ye  • 
Twv  OVK  e^eis,  o  /act  Sei£ei?." 


Mottoes  and  adapted  quotations  need  not  run 
on  all  fours  with  their  originals.  So  Plato  (Alci- 
biades,  I.  123  A.)  puts  the  words  of  this  fox  into 
the  mouth  of  Socrates,  in  reference  to  "  the  im- 
pressions of  coined  money  at  Lacedaemon,  as  it 
enters  thither,  one  may  see  plainly  marked,  but 
no  where  of  its  going  out  (ifrAvros  Se  ovSaprj  &t>  ns 
" 


- 

The  chief  duties  of  the  Dragoon  Guards  are  to 
>c  in  advance  and  to  pursue  a  flying  enemy  after 
his  ranks  are  broken;  and  therefore  the  motto, 


"  No  footprints  backward,"  in  reference  to  him- 
self or  his  horse,  does  not  seem  to  be  a  mistake, 
but  a  very  appropriate  adaptation.  It  appears  to 
be  equivalent  to  the  phrase  "  We  can  die,  but  not 
surrender."  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 

HYMNS  (2nd  S.  viii.  512.)  —  H.  W.  B.  will  find 
the  original  of  "  Lo  he  comes  with  clouds  descend- 
ing "  in  the  Rev.  Charles  Wesley's  "  Hymns  of 
Intercession  for  all  Mankind,"  1758,  and  a  verba- 
tim copy  of  it  in  the  hymn-book  now  in  use 
among  the  Wesleyans,  A  Collection  of  Hymns  for 
the  Use  of  the  People  called  Methodists- ;  the  only 
variation  being  the  use  of  thy  instead  of  thine  in 
the  fourth  verse.  In  Dr.  liippon's  Collection, 
1-787,  verse  three  is  omitted,  and  three  other 
verses  inserted  in  its  place.  In  his  preface  the 
editor  says,  "  In  most  places  where  the  names  of 
the  authors  were  known  they  are  put  at  full 
length  ;  but  the  hymns  which  are  riot  so  distin- 
guished, or  which  have  only  a  single  letter  prefixed 
to  them,  were  many  of  them  composed  by  persons 
unknown,  or  else  have  undergone  some  consider- 
able alterations."  There  is  neither  name  nor  ini- 
tial letter  prefixed  to  this  hymn,  in  consequence  I 
suppose  of  the  "  considerable  alterations."  Sub- 
sequent collectors  appear  to  have  copied  from 
Rippon  rather  than  from  Wesley,  since  most  of 
them  have  one  or  other  of  the  inserted  verses,  and 
scarcely  any  Wesley's  third  verse.  The  original 
was  undoubtedly,  I  think,  written  by  Wesley, 
though  generally  attributed  to  Olivers  (frequently 
written  Oliver). 

This  may  perhaps  be  accounted  for  as  fol- 
lows :  — 

In  Mr.  Wesley's  Sacred  Harmony  and  in  Select 
Hymns  and  Tunes  Annexty  the  tune  adapted  to  this 
hymn  is  called  "  Olivers  ; "  and  in  the  edition  of 
A  Collection  of  Hymns  for  the  People  called  Me- 
thodists,  1797,  and  several  subsequent  ones,  the 
name  "  Olivers  "  appears  at  the  head  of  the  hymn 
as  the  name  of  the  tune  to  which  it  might  be  sung. 
Perhaps  some  transcriber  may  have  mistaken  the 
name  of  the  tune  for  that  of  the  author  of  the 
hymn. 

The  Rev.  Thomas  Jackson,  in  his  Life  of  Thomas 
Olivers,  says  that  he  wrote  both  the  hymn  and 
tune.  But,  in  his  Life  of  the  Rev.  C.  Wesley,  he 
attributes  the  hymn  to  Wesley,  and  the  tune  to 
Olivers.  C.  D.  H. 

THOMAS  MAUD  (2nd  S.  viii.  291.  407.)  — If  the 
following  afford  any  information  to  OXONIENSIS,  it 
is  at  his  service.  Authors  seem  agreed  that 
Thomas  Maud  the  poet  and  historian  was  born  at 
Hare  wood  in  1717,  where  he  spent  his  early 
youth,  and  received  a  liberal  education  ;  as  histo- 
rical writers  are  much  in  the  habit  of  copying  each 
other,  this  may  or  may  not  be  true.  Burke  (Dic- 
tionary of  the  Landed  Gentry}  does  not  even  men- 


112 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  FEB.  11.  '60. 


tion  him  in  connexion  with  either  branch  of  the 
family  of  Maud.  He  is,  however,  generally  un- 
derstood to  be,  and  no  doubt  was,  a  member  of  the 
Yorkshire  branch,  descended  from  Eustace-de- 
mont-alto,  surnamed  the  Norman  Hunter.  His  first 
entrance  into  active  life  appears  to  have  been  as 
surgeon  on  board  the  "  Harfleur,"  Capt.  Lord  H. 
Poulet,  who,  on  succeeding  to  the  title  of  Duke 
of  Bolton,  appointed  him  agent  for  his  northern 
estates.  He  resided  at  Bolton  Hall.  He  travelled, 
making  the  tour  of  Italy,  Spain,  and  Germany, 
and  after  visiting  the  northern  countries  of  Eu- 
rope returned  to  his  native  country.  He  after- 
wards retired  to  Burley  in  Wharfdale,  where  he 
built  Burley  House,  and  spent  the  latter  part  of 
his  .life,  and  died  23rd  Dec.  1798,  aged  eighty-one 
years.  His  published  poems  are — 1.  Wensleydale, 
or  Rural  Contemplations,  4to.  Of  this  there  ap- 
pear to  have  been  three  editions,  viz.  1771,  1780, 
and  1816.  2.  Verbeia,  or  Wharfdale,  descriptive 
and  didactic,  with  Notes,  4to.  1782.  3.  Viator,  or 
a  Journey  from  London  to  Scarbro1  by  way  of 
Fork,  with  Notes  Historical  and  Topographical, 
4to.  4.  The  Invitation  or  Urbanity,  4to.  1791. 
See  Barker's  Three  Days  of  Wensleydale ;  Moun- 
sey's  Wharfdale;  Jones's  History  of  Harewood ; 
Hart's  Lectures  on  Wharfdale,  &c.  C.  F. 

MARRIAGE  LAW  (2nd  S.  viii.  328.)  --  M.  hardly 
takes  the  right  view  of  the  law  prevailing  prior  to 
the  Act  of  Geo.  II.,  although  he  is  very  near  it 
when  he  says  it  was  "  the  old  law  of  Christendom," 
being  in  fact  the  civil  or  canon  law  although  the 
English  Jurists  deny  it,  and  deny  at  the  same 
time  that  marriage  ever  was  in  the  English  law 
regarded  as  a  sacrament.  The  essence  of  the 
Roman  civil  law  of  marriage,  mistaken  by  M.  for 
the  Scotch,  is  consent.  It  need  not  be  given,  as  he 
supposes,  in  presence  of  witnesses,  but  must  be 
capable  of  being  proved.  In  England,  however, 
he  will,  I  think,  find  no  case  in  which  marriages 
have  ever  been  held  valid  unless  performed  in 
facie  ecclesice.  The  explanation  he  requires  is 
probably  this  —  that  his  old  Encyclopaedia  of  1774 
(Qy.  Rees'  ?)  was  partly  the  work  of  a  Scotch 
compiler,  who  engrafted  his  own  notions  on  an 
English  stem.  M'PnuN-s  "  OLD  LAWYER." 

LLOYD,  OR  FLOYD,  THE  JESUIT  (2ndS.ix.  13.55.) 
— Biographical  memoirs  of  this  celebrated  Jesuit 
will  be  found  in  Sotovelli  Bibl.  Script.  Soc.  Jes., 
p.  449. ;  in  Oliver's  Collections  towards  Illustrating 
the  Biography  of  the  Scotch,  English,  and  Irish 
Members  of  the  Society  of  Jesus,  p.  94. ;  and  in 
Rose's  Biog.  Diet.  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

SIR  HENRY  ROWSWELL  (2nd  S.  ix.  47.)  —  He 
was  sheriff' of  Devon  in  1629,  and  sold  Ford  Ab- 
bey, in  1649,  to  Edmund  Prideaux,  Esq.,  second 
son  of  Sir  Edm.  Prideaux.  See  History  of  Ford 
Abbey,  London,  1846.  C.  J.  ROBINSON. 


NAMES  OF  NUMBERS  AND  THE  HAND  (2nd  S.  viii. 
529.)  —  Bosworth's  Anglo-Saxon  Dictionary,  not- 
withstanding its  general  excellence,  contains  some 
etymologies  which  philology  had  already  exploded 
prior  to  its  publication  in  1838  ;  amongst  these, 
by  inadvertence,  appears  the  absurd  fancy  of 
Jakel,  who,  in  his  German  Origin  of  the  Latin 
Language  (p.  98.),  states  that  the  names  of  the 
numerals  ten,  twenty,  and  hundred  are  all  derived 
from  the  Teutonic  for  hand.  I  say,  by  inadvert- 
ence, because  Bosworth  has  shown  in  his  intro- 
duction (p.  iv.)  that  the  names  of  all  the  numerals 
in  the  "Japhetic"  class  are  derived  from  the  oldest 
of  that  class,  the  Sanscrit. 

The  English  numeral  ten  and  the  German  zehn, 
in  common  with  all  the  other  Germanic  dialects, 
are  from  the  Moeso- Gothic  taihun ;  as  the  Ro- 
manic dialects  form  this  numeral  from  the  Latin 
decem  (pronounced  dekc.m  by  the  Romans)  and  the 
Greek  5e/ca.  These,  with  the  Gaelic  deich  and 
Celtic  deg,  .are  all  derived  from  the  Sanscrit  da- 
chan.  If,  therefore,  the  meaning  of  our  word  ten 
is  to  be  sought,  it  may  be  found,  according  to  a 
suggestion  of  Eichhoff  (Vergleichung,  p.  93.)  in 
the  Sanscrit  word  dach,  to  cut,  to  break,  because 
the  series  from  one,  being  broken,  again  com- 
mences, with  the  addition  of  one  cypher. 

In  like  manner  the  English  hundred  and  Ger- 
man hundert  are  from  the  Mceso-Gothic  hund. 
So  this  number  in  the  Romanic  dialects  is  to  be 
traced  to  the  Latin  centum  (pron.  kentuni)  and  the 
Greek  e/caroV;  and  these,  with  the  Gaelic  dad 
(pron.  hiad)  and  Celtic  cant,  are  all  from  the 
Sanscrit  chatan,  which  Eichhoff  conceives  to  have 
been  derived  from  cai,  and,  in  reference  to  the 
second  cypher,  meaning  to  cease,  to  finish,  to 
close. 

All  the  numerals  in  use  by  Europeans  as  well 
as  by  Persians  may  be  traced,  on  comparison,  to 
the  Sanscrit,  e.  g.  1  unas,  2  dvi,  3  tri,  4  catur, 
5  pancan,  6  sas,  7  saptan,  8  astan,  9  navan. 

The  Shemitic  class  of  languages  form  their  nu- 
merals very  differently  from  the  Indo-Germanic. 
The  Hebrew,  as  best  known,  may  be  taken  as  a 
type  of  this  class,  e.  g.  1  echad,  2  shenaim,  3  she- 
losha,  4?  arbaah,  5  chamisha,  6  shisha*,  7  shevea, 
8  shemona,  9  thishea,  10  eshra,  100  meah.  In 
none  of  the  above  words  does  the  English  hand, 
or  its  equivalent  in  the  above  languages,  form 
any  portion  of  the  names  of  their  numerals.  An 
examination  of  Balbi's  Atlas  Etlmographique  du 
Globe  will  show  if  the  word  hand  or  its  equivalent 
is  to  be  found  in  the  numerals  of  any  of  the  nu- 
merous languages  known  to  comparative  philo- 
logy. T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

CHALKING  LODGINGS  (2nd  S.  ix.  63.)  —  The 
custom  recorded  in  the  Liber  Albus,  of  marking 



*  The  only  numeral  with  a  sound  resembling  the  Indo- 
Germanic  class. 


2nd  S.  IX.  FEB.  11.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


113 


with  chalk  lodgings  claimed  for  the  use  of  royalty, 
was  observed  at  a  much  later  period  than  that  at 
which  John  Carpenter  compiled  the  White  Book 
of  London  (A.  D.  1419).  In  the  History  of  the 
Entry  of  Mary  de  Medicis  in  1638,  printed  in 
the  Antiquarian  Repertory,  vol.  iv.,  there  are  se- 
veral allusions  to  the  custom.  During  the  pro- 
gress of  the  Queen  Mother  to  the  metropolis,  the 
quarter-master  put  his  chalk  mark  on  all  houses 
which  he  deemed  requisite  for  the  convenient 
lodging  of  the  Queen's  retinue.  No  sooner  had 
her  Majesty  landed  at  Harwich, .  than  Sieur  de 
Labat,  valet-de-chambre  and  quarter-master  to 
the  Queen,  began  to  use  his  chalks,  and  in  obtain- 
ing suitable  lodgings  he  found  no  difficulty,  "  be- 
cause every  one  vied  with  his  neighbour  in 
offering  his  house,  as  if  they  had  considered  it  as 
a  mark  of  honour  to  see  their  door  chalked,  since 
it  was  for  the  service  of  so  great  a  princess  "  (p. 
524.).  When  the  Queen  Mother  arrived  at  Col- 
chester, Sieur  de  Labat  was  again  busy  "marking 
the  doors  of  all  sorts  of  houses,  which  were  the 
most  commodious  for  him  to  appoint  for  lodg- 
ings "  (p.  526.). 

This  usage  was  one  that  feudalism  had  intro- 
duced at  an  early  period  in  France.  Although  I 
cannot  just  now  refer  to  it,  I  have  read  an  allusion 
to  the  custom  in  an  old  romance. 

F.  SOMNER  MERRYWEATHER. 

Colney  Hatch. 

FLOWER  DE  LUCE  AND  TOADS  (2nd  S.  viii.  471.) 
— Extract  from  La  Science  Heraldique  du  Blazon, 
k  Paris,  M.DC.LXXV.  — 

"Robert  Guaguin  et  Jean  Naucler  ont  donne  pour 
Armes  &  flos  premiers  Roys,  predecesseurs  de  Clovis,  de 
Gueules  &  trois  Crapaux  d'argent.  Et  Paul  Mmile  les  a 
blazonne  d'argent  a  trois  Diademes  de  Gueules.  Et  Mon- 
sieur de  Tillet  dit  que  la  fable  (qui  raconte  que  1'Escu  des 
trois  Fleurs  de  Lys  envoye"  au  Roy  Clovis  en  1'Abbaye  de 
Joyenval,  de  1'ordre  de  Premontre)  fut  invente'e  du  temps 
de  Roy  Charles  VI.  Les  Blazonneurs  de  1'Escu  des  Ar- 
moiries  de  France,  au  dire  de  Fauchet,  voulans  montrer 
que  les  premiers  Fran9ois  estoient  sortis  des  Sicambres 
habitans  des  Marais  de  Frise  vers  le  Pai's  d'Hollande, 
donnerent  a.  nos  Roys,  la  fleur  de  Pavilee,  qui  est  un  petit 
Lys  jaune,  qui  croist  sans  les  Marais  de  ce  Pai's,  en  champ 
d'azur,  qui  ressemble  a  1'eau,  laquelle  estant  reposee,  prend 
la  couleur  du  Ciel,  1'an  1381.  Le  Roy  Charles  VI.  redui- 
sit  1'Escu  des  Lys  sans  nombre,  a.  trois ;  pour  symbole  de 
la  Sainte  TrinifeV' 

E.  C.  GRESFORD. 

RADICALS  IN  EUROPEAN  LANGUAGES  (2nd  S.  ix. 
63.) — A  categorical  answer  cannot  probably  be 
given  to  this  Query  ;  but  some  considerable  ad- 
vance has  been  made  in  approximation.  Adelung, 
in  bis  Mithridates,  says  the  radicals  in  no  language 
exceed  a  few  hundreds.  The  radicals  in  any  of 
the  principal  languages  of  Europe  have  not,  I  be- 
lieve, been  ascertained  or  numbered;  nor  in  so 
far  as  they  are  derivative  languages  can  they  be 
properly  said  to  possess  any  radicals.  Eichhoff 
'Kaltschmidt's  translation,  196—245.)  has  enu- 


merated 550  radicals  in  Sanscrit,  to  which  he 
reduces  1288  Greek  words  and  947  Latin,  besides 
a  large  number  of  French,  Gothic,  German, 
English,  Lithuanian,  Russian,  Gaelic,  and  Celtic 
words.  T.  J.  BUCKTOIC. 

Lichfield. 

GREEK  WORD  (2nd  S.  viii.  88.) —  The  Greek 
word  which  signifies  "  that  which  will  endure  to 
be  held  up  to  and  judged  by  the  sunlight,"  is 
The  received  etymology  derives  it  from 

L. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

Calendar  of  State  Papers,  Domestic,  of  the  Reign  of 
Charles  /.,  1628—1629.  Preserved  in  the  State  Paper 
Department  of  Her  Majesty's  Public  Record  Office.  Edited 
by  John  Bruce,  V.P.S.A.  (Longman  &  Co.) 

Every  new  volume  of  these  Calendars  furnishes  fresh 
evidence  of  the  importance  of  the  great  scheme  of  his- 
torical publication  now  being  carried  out  under  the  super- 
intendence of  the  Master  of  the  Rolls.  The  present, 
which  is  the  third  volume  of  the  Series  of  the  Calendars  of 
Domestic  State  Papers  of  the  reign  of  Charles  I.,  is  no 
whit  inferior  to  its  predecessors  in  interest  or  variety.  For 
while  it  illustrates  the  political  history  of  the  period  by 
the  light  which  it  throws  on  the  Petition  of  Right,  the 
expedition  to  Rochelle,  the  assassination  of  Buckingham, 
the  dissolution  of  the  Parliament  of  1629,  and  the  subse- 
quent prosecution  of  Sir  John  Eliot  and  other  Members 
of  the  House  of  Commons,  it  contributes  interesting  ma- 
terials to  the  literature  and  biography  of  the  time  by 
new  information  respecting  Leighton,  Ben  Jonson,  Zouch, 
Townley,  Gill,  Galileo,  Edmund  Bolton,  Abraham  Darcie, 
and  many  others,  —  as  well  as  the  proceedings  of  the 
Ecclesiastical  Commissioners  against  the  London  book-, 
sellers  for  the  publication  of  unlicensed  pamphlets.  And 
we  are  sure  no  lone  could  sit  down  to  describe  effectually 
the  social  condition  of  England  as  it  then  existed,  with- 
out first  studying  the  many  illustrations  of  it  to  be  found 
in  this  new  and  valuable"  contribution  to  our  stock  of 
historical  materials. 

The  Bibliographer's  Manual  of  English  Literature,  fyc. 
By  W.  T.  Lowndes.  New  Edition  revised,  corrected,  and 
enlarged  by  Henry  G.  Bohn.  Part  V.  (Bohn.) 

No  one  «an  take  up  the  present  Part  of  Mr.  Bonn's 
new  edition  .  of  Lowndes  without  admitting  its  great 
superiority  to  the  original  work.  The  article  on  Junius 
is  certainly  by  far  the  most  complete  of  any  which  we 
have  ever  seen.  The  series  of  Jest  Books  must  number 
some  hundreds.  Nearly  ten  columns  are  occupied  by  the 
bibliography  of  Dr.  Johnson's  Works  and  the  Johnsoniana. 
Under  the  head  of  London,  including  the  cross  references, 
there  is  a  most  copious  account  of  the  books,  plans,  &c., 
which  have  been  published  upon  the  great  metropolis. 
But  the  feature  of  the  present  Part  which  will  attract 
most  attention,  is  Mr.  Bohn's  curious  account  of  his 
being  called  in  to  value  a  collection  of  family  papers, 
which  in  his  opinion  are  calculated  to  unravel  the  Junius 
mystery.  They  are  the  political  papers  of  Lord  Holder- 
nesse :  were  then  (in  July,  1850)  in  the  possession  of  the 
then  Duke  of  Leeds,  and  Mr.  Bohn  believes  that  the 
facts  which  he  has  stated  point  out  the  head-quarters  of 
information,  and  "  account,"  to  use  Mr.  Bohn's  own 
words,  "  for  some  of  the  irreconcilable  difficulties  in  ad- 
judicating on  the  claims  of  Sir  P.  Francis,  who  I  believe 
to  have  been  largely  concerned,  although  not  the  sole 


114 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  FEB.  11.  '60. 


and  unassisted  writer."  We  may  probably  return  to  this 
subject  on  some  future  occasion. 

The  Pre- Adamite  Man,  or  the  Story  of  our  Old  Planet 
and  its  Inhabitants,  told  by  Scripture  and  by  Science. 
(Saunders  &  Otley.) 

Our  author  attempts  to  establish  the  existence  of  a 
human  race  anterior  to  Adam,  from  the  facts  of  Science 
and  the  narrative  of  Holy  Scripture.  But  he  is  not  equal 
to  his  self-imposed  task.  It  is  too  early  as  yet  to  take 
for  an  established  fact  of  science,  that  the  stone  celts 
found  at  Croydon  and  elsewhere  were  formed  by  the  hand 
of  pre-Adamite  men,  in  the  absence  of  any  fossil  remains 
of  the  men  themselves.  And  how  mere  a  tyro  our  author 
is  in  Biblical  Science  may  be  judged  from  the  circum- 
stance that  out  of  the  two  distinct  records  of  creation, 
combined  by  Moses  in  the  Book  of  Genesis,  he  attempts 
to  make  a  record  of  two  distinct  creations ;  being  ap- 
parently ignorant  of  the  two  separate  sources  (well  known 
among 'theologians  as  the  Jehovistic  and  Elohistic  docu- 
ments) upon  which  Moses  framed  his  narrative. 

Addresses  to  Candidates  for  Ordination.  By  Samuel 
Lord  Bishop  of  Oxfgrd.  (J.  H.  &  J.  Parker.) 

These  addresses,  which  were  actually  delivered  at  the 
successive  ordinations  of  the  Bishop  of  Oxford,  are  now 
published  in  a  collective  form  by  their  gifted  author,  and 
form  as  eloquent  and  heart-stirring  a  manual  of  the 
pastoral  care  as  any  we  have  read.  It  is  a  volume  which 
a  sincere  and  earnest  clergyman  will  hardly  be  able  to 
lay  down,  except  for  such  acts  of  devotion  as  it  is  designed 
to  prompt. 

Hymns  from  the  Gospel  of  the  Day.  By  the  Rev.  J.  E. 
Bode,  M.A.  (J.  H.  &  J.  Parker.) 

This  little  volume  hardly  sustains  Mr.  Bode's  aca- 
demic reputation,  and  rarely  (if  ever)  rises  above  the 
level  of"  pleasing  verses."  It  is  marred  by  some  doggrel, 
and  contains  not  a  hymn  which  rivals  the  poetry  of 
Heber,  the  pathos  of  Watts,  or  the  bold  flights  of  C. 
Wesley. 

Eucharistic  Litanies  from  Ancient  Sources.  By  the 
Rev.  Orby  Shipley,  M.A.  (Masters.) 

Full  of  grand  and  deep  devotion.  Admirable  as  is  the 
one  Litany  of  our  own  Church,  the  same  ancient  sources 
from  which  it  was  compiled  would  supply  material  for  a 
good  score  of  supplemental  Litanies,  equally  rich  and 
more  varied. 


BOOKS     AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
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MORRELL'S  SEALING  VOYAGES. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Roberts,  36.  Park  Road,  Haverstock  Hill. 


ABP.  LAUD'S  BENEFACTIONS  TO  BERKSHIRE,  by  John  Bruce.    4to.    Pub- 
lished by  Berks  Ashmolean  Society. 

Wanted  by  Carey  Tyso,  Esq.,  Wallingford. 

BIBLIA  SACRA.  POLYGLOTTA  ET  CASTELLI  LEXICON.    8  Vols.    Folio. 

WILSON'S  SANSCRIT-ENGLISH  DICTIONARY.    Second  Edition. 

REEVE'S  HISTORY  OP  ENGLISH  LAW.    5  Vols. 

WILSON  AND  BONAPARTE'S  AMERICAN   ORNITHOLOGY.    Coloured  Plates. 

3  Vols. 

MRS.  BEHN'S  WORKS. 

MORGAN  AND  CREOSE'S  PAPERS  ON  NAVAL  ARCHITECTURE. 
SHAKSPKARE  FOLIO.    8rd  and  4th  Editions. 
O'Co.NOR's  RERUM  HIBKRNICAROM  SCRIPTURES.     4  Vols.    4to. 
PEELE'S  WORKS,  by  Dyce.    3  Vols.  or  Vol.  III. 
MUSAHUM  DELICI^S,  OR  THE  MUSES'  RECREATION.    2  Vols. 
PAINTER'S  PALACE  OP  PLEASURE. 
RESTIF  DE  LA  BRETONNE'»  CEovREs. 
BURTON'S  ANATOMY  OF  MELANCHOLY.    4to. 
ATKYN'S  HISTORY  OP  GLOUCESTER. 

Wanted  by  C.  J.  Skeet,  10.  King  William  Street,  W.C. 


B.  S.  is  thanked  for  his  kind  note,  but  the  book  which  he  offers  is  not  the 
one  of  which  our  correspondent  is  in  search. 

M.  P.  TODD.  Mr.  Riley's  address  is,  we  believe,  31.  St.  Peter's  Square, 
Hammersmith. 

E.  W.  IT.  Sir'-Thomas  Browne,  in  his  Vulgar  Errors,  speaks  of  the  leo- 
nine couplet  — 

"Si  Sol  splendescat  Maria  purificante, 

Major  erit  Glacies  post  festum  quam  fuit  ante," 
as  being  traditional  in  most  parts  of  Europe. 

T.  H.  N.  G.  We  cannot  tell  where  our  correspondent  can  find  the  book 
of  which  he  is  in  search. 

W.  P.  The  explanation  o/Under  the  Rose  given  by  Newton  in  his  Her- 
bal for  the  Bible  has  already  been  quoted  by  Brand,  in  his  Pop.  Antiq., 
vol.  ii.  p.  347.  (ed.  1349.) 

LIULPHUS.    The  present  Earl  is  nephew  to  the  late  Earl. 

DESDICHADO  will  find  much  curious  information  respecting  The  Earl 
of  Norwich  and  his  son  George  Goring  in  our  \st  Series,  especially  in  voL 
ii.  p.  65.,  and  a  subsequent  article  by  the  late  Lord  Braybrooke  at  p.  86.  of 
the  same  volume. 

Z.    T)iere  are  no  dramatic  poems  in  George  Huahes's  Poems,  2  vols. 

1850 We  cannot  obtain  a  sight  of  Francis  Bcnnock's  work,  The  Stor    m 

and  other  Poems. 

ERRATUM.  —  2nd  S.  ix.  p.  64.  col.  i.  line  15.  for  "  June  "  read"  Jan." 
"  NOTES  AND  QUEHTES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
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all  COMMUNICATIONS  POR  THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


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IX.  FEB.  11.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


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Sum  Insured.        Bonuses  added,  fl    Amount  pay  able  up  to  Dec.,  1861. 
£5,000  >gi,987  10s.  £6,987  10s. 

1,000  397  10s.  1,897  10s. 

100  39  15s.  139  15s. 

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W 


ESTERfl    LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 

ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

8.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON, S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1842. 


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Directors 


f.  Lucas,  Esq. 
.  B.  Marson,  Esq. 
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AUSTRALIAN  COLONIES  AND  SUPPLY  OF  GOLD. 
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Incumbent  of  Holy  Trinity,  Vauxhall  Bridge  Road. 
The  Profits  will  be  given  to  the  Building  Fund  of  the  West- 
minster and  Pimlico    Church   of  England    Commercial 
School. 

"  They  are  earnest,  thoughtful,  and  practical—  of  moderate  length 
and  well  adapted  for  families."— English  Churchman. 

"  Practical  subjects,  treated  in  an  earnest  and  sensible  manner,  give 
Mr.  C.  F.  Secretan's  Sermons  preached  in  Westminster  a  higher  value 
than  such  volumes  in  general  possess.  It  deserves  success. "—Guardian. 

"  The  sermons  are  remarkable  for  their  'unadorned  eloquence'  and 
their  pure,  nervous  Saxon  sentences,  which  make  them  intelligible  to 
the. poorest,  and  pleasing  to  the  most  fastidious.  .  .  .  There  are  two 
wherein  Mr.  Secretan  displaysnot  only  eloquence  but  learning—that  on 
the  Mosaic  account  of  the  creation  as  reconcilable  with  the  revelations 
of  geological  science,  and  that  on  the  Latin  service  of  the  Romish 
Church  _  both  showing  liberality,  manliness,  and  good  sense. "  — 
Morning  Chronicle. 

"  Mr.  Secretan  is  no  undistinguished  man  :  he  attained  a  considerable 
position  at  Oxford,  and  he  is  well  known  in  Westminster — where  he  has 
worked  for  many  years  —  no  less  as  an  indefatigable  and  self-denying 
clergyman  than  as  an  effective  preacher.  These  sermons  are  extremely 
plain  —  simple  and  pre-eminently  practical  _  intelligible  to  the  poorest, 
while  there  runs  through  them  a  poetical  spirit  and  many  touches  of 
the  highest  pathos  which  must  attract  intellectual  minds."  Weekly 
Mail. 

"  This  volume  bears  evidence  of  no  small  ability  to  recommend  it  to 
our  readers.  It  is  characterised  by  a  liberality  and  breadth  of  thought 
which  might  be  copied  with  advantage  by  many  of  the  author's  bre- 
thren, while  the  language  is  nervous,  racy  Saxon.  In  Mr.  Secretan's 
sermons  there  are  genuine  touches  of  feeling  and  pathos  which  are  im- 
pressive and  affecting; — notably  in  those  on  'the  Woman  taken  in 
Adultery,'  and  on  '  Youth  and  Age.'  On  the  whole,  in  the  light  of  a 
contribution  to  sterling  English  literature,  Mr.  Secretan's  sermons  are 
worthy  of  our  commendation'"—  Globe. 

London:  BELL  &  DALl)Y,  186.  Fleet  Street,  B.C. 

A  very  few  Copies  now  ready. 

Complete  in  Twelve  Volumes,  price  6Z.  6s.  cloth. 

NOTES    AND    QUERIES. 

SERIES     THE    FIRST. 

"Learned,  chatty,  useful."  —  Athen&um. 

Highly  favourable  opinions  as  to  the  utility  and  interest  of  these 
Volumes,  and  the  amusing  reading  to  be  found  in  them,  have  been 
expressed  by  the  Quarterly  Review,  Athenaeum,  Literary  Gazette,  Spec- 
tator, Dublin  Review,  Examiner,  $c.  The  following  is  from  one  of 
several  similar  notices  in  The  Examiner: 

men,  centuries  after  we  are  gone,  will  be  taking  in  their 
EBIES  :  and  the  books  that  shall  be  hereafter  will  be 
_r  for  the  odd  and  interesting  and  important  NOTES  they 
authors  who  contribute  QUERIES  for  the  sake  of  getting 

Also,  price  5s.  cloth, 

GENERAL    INDEX 


NOTES    AND    QUERIES: 

FIRST  SERIES,  Vols.  I.  to  XII. 

"  The  utility  of  such  an  Index,  not  only  to  men  of  letters,  but  to  well- 
informed  readers  generally,  is  too  obvious  to  require  proof,  more 
pecially  when  it  is  remembered  that  many  of  these  references  (betwe 
30,000  and  40,000)  are  to  articles  which  themselves  point  out  the  " 
sources  of  information  upon  their  respective  subjects."  —  The  Ti< 
June  28, 1856. 

BELL  &  DALDY,  186.  Fleet  Street ;  and  by  Order  of  all  Boo 
and  Newsmen. 


PATENT    STARCH, 

USED  IN  THE  ROYAL  LAUNDRY, 

AND  PRONOUNCED  BV  HER  MAJESTY'S  LAUNDRESS,  TO 
THE  FINEST  STARCH  SHE  EVER  USED. 

Sold  by  all  Chandlers,  Grocers,  &c.  &c. 
WOTHERSPOON  &  CO.,  GLASGOW  &  LONDON. 


ACHROMATIC  MICROSCOPES.  —  SMIT] 
BECK  &  BECK,  MANUFACTURING  OPTICIANS,  6.  Cole- 
man  Street,  London,  E.C.  have  received  the  COUNCIL  MEDAL  of 
the  GREAT  EXHIBITION  of  1851,  and  the  FIRST-CLASS  PRIZE 
MEDAL  of  the  PARIS  EXHIBITION  of  1855,  "  For  the  excellence 
of  their  Microscopes." 

An  Illustrated  Pamphlet  of  the  10Z.  EDUCATIONAL  MICRO- 
SCOPE, sent  by  Post  on  receipt  of  Six  Postage  Stamps. 

A  GENERAL  CATALOGUE  may  be  had  on  application. 


2nd  S.  IX.  FEB.  18. '60.]    • 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


115 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  FEBRUARY  18.  1860. 


N'.  216.  —  CONTENTS. 

NOTES:—  Letter  of  John  Bradshaw,  115—  Witty  Quota- 
tions from  Greek  and  Latin  Writers,  116  —  Scotish  Ballad 
Controversy,  118  —  Old  London  Bridge,  119  —  Tablets  for 
Writing:  Wax  and  Maltha,  120  —  Archers  and  Riflemen, 
16. 

MINOR  NOTES:—  Lord  Eldon  a  Swordsman  —  Tinted  Paper 

—  Eleanor  Gwyn  —  First  Coach    in  Scotland  —  Fore- 
shadowed Photography,  121. 

QUERIES:—  Maria,  or  Maria,  122  —  Archbp.  Whateley 
and  "the  Directory,"  Ib.  —  Rubrical  Query  —  Dutch 
Clock  with  Pendulum  by  Christiaan  Huyghens—  Songs  i  and 
Poems  on  several  Occasions  —  Chalk  Drawing—  Allitera- 
tive Poetry  —  Archbishop  King's  Lectureship  —  Judge 
Buller's  Law  —  Family  of  Havard  —  Songs  wanted  —  Glou- 
cester Custom  —  Col.  Hacker—  Clergy  Peers  and  Com- 
moners—Sir W.  Jennings  —  Hospitals  for  Lepers  —  Mr. 
Lyde  Browne  —  Tumbrel  —  William  Pitt's  Portrait  — 
Arms,  125. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  —  Old  Welsh  Chronicles  — 
"  Gumption  "  —  Wm.  Stuart,  Abp.  of  Armagh  —  Gender  of 
Carrosse  —Anonymous  Ballad  Opera,  125. 

REPLIES  :  —  Dominus  regnavit  a  Ligno  :  Psalterium  Grae- 
cum  Veronense,  127  —  Rev.  Alexander  Kilham,  Ib.  —  Dr. 
Hickes's  Manuscripts,  128  —  Scottish  College  at  Paris,  Ib. 

—  Philip  Rubens  —  Cockade  —  Dinner  Etiquette  —  Sepul- 
chres —  The  Prussian  Iron  Medal  —  "  The  Voyages,"  &c., 
of  Captain  Richard  Falconer  —  Ballads  against  Inclosures 

—  Donkey  —  The  Label  in  Heraldry,  &c.,  129. 
Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


LETTER   OF  JOHN   BRADSHAW. 

[The  subjoined  curious  and  interesting  letter  by  the 
President  of  the  High  Court  of  Justice  which  tried  and 
condemned  Charles  I.  is  valuable  as  containing  some  par- 
ticulars of  the  early  life  of  this  celebrated  man  not 
generally  known,  j'ohn  Bradshaw  was  the  third  son  of 
Henry  Bradshaw  of  Marple  in  Cheshire,  living  in  Wy- 
berslegh,  1606,  and  buried  at  Stockport,  3rd  Aug.  1654. 
In  the  register  of  Stockport,  the  baptism  of  John  is  thus 
entered  :  "John,  the  sonne  of  Henrye  Bradshaw  of  Mar- 
pie,  was  baptized  10th  Dec.  1602."  Opposite  to  this  the 
word  Traitor  is  written  in  another  hand.  The  President 
relates  in  his  will  that  he  had  his  school  education  at 
Bunbury  in  Cheshire,  and  Middleton  in  Lancashire  ;  and 
tradition  adds  that  he  was  also  for  some  time  at  Mac- 
clesfield,  and  while  there  wrote  the  following  sentence  on 
a  stone  in  the  churchyard  :  — 

"  My  brother  Henry  must  heir  the  land, 
My  brother  Frank  must  be  at  his  command  ; 
Whilst  I,  poor  Jack,  will  do  that 
That  all  the  world  shall  wonder  at." 

Bradshaw  served  his  clerkship  with  an  attorney  at  Con- 
gleton  ;  was  admitted  into  the  society  of  Gray's  Inn,  15th 
March,  1620,  and  called  to  the  bar  23d  April,  1627.  Sir 
Peter  Legh  of  Lyme,  knight  (Bradshaw's  correspondent) 
was  sheriff  of  Cheshire,  1595,  M.  P.  1601,  and  died  in 

-ED.] 

I  find  amongst  my  papers  the  inclosed  copy  of 

a  letter  written  when  he  was  a  student  at  Gray's 

Inn  by  John  Bradshaw,  afterwards  President  of 

1  ligh  Court  of  Justice  for  the  trial  of  Charles  I: 

It  was  given  to  me  by  an  antiquarian  friend,  who 

•d  it  from  the  original,  which  1  think  he  stated 

.9  in  the  possession  of  the  descendants  of  the 

person  to  whom  it  was  addressed.     If  you  think 


it  would  interest  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  it  is 
at  your  service. 

JOHN  P.  POWELL. 

"  WORTHY  SUR — I  receyved  yor  Answer  to  my 
last  Ire  by  yor  servant  Birchenhalgh  ffor  wch  I 
humblie  thanke  you,  assuring  my  self  thereby  of 
yor  continued  flavor  in  theise  my  troublesome 
stormes,  towards  me  so  meane  &  unworthy  of  the 
least  expression  of  yor  love :  But  for  all  this  yor 
goodness  I  shall  p'myse  you  this  payment,  to 
wryte  it  wth  a  pen  of  brasse  in  the  tables  of  my 
heart,  wch  can  as  yet  resound  onelie  prayse  & 
thanksgyving.  Concerning  my  Ire  to  my  ffather 
I  will  onelie  say  thus  much,  It  had  too  much 
Reason  on  my  syde,  for  so  impartiall  a  Justice  as 
he  knew  yorself  was  to  see  &  arbitrate  my  cause, 
ffor  the  ballance  of  neutralitie  wherein  he  sup- 
posed he  held  you  would  questionles  on  his  part 
be  yrby  ovrturned.  But  let  him  do  what  he  please, 
he  shall  soonr  be  wearie  of  aflicting,  then  I  will  be 
of  suffering,  and  by  the  grace  of  God  I  will  shew 
myself  a  sonne,  though  he  cease  to  be  my  ffather. 
But  to  end  this  unpleasing  argumt,  I  will  onelie  in 
conclusion  ppound  this  one  Dilemma  unto  yor 
noble  Construction.  What  ffruit  that  ffather  may 
expect  to  come  of  his  sonnes  studyes  that  wit- 
tinglie  doth  suppresse  the  instrument  of  his  la- 
bors, and  wittinglie  keepe  in  ffetters  the  freedom 
of  his  mynd,  wch  is  that  chosen  toole  appoynted 
for  the  fynishing  of  all  such  high  attemptes,  and 
whether  the  worke  imperfect  by  reason  of  such 
Restraint,  be  layd  to  his  charge  that  assumed  it, 
or  to  him  that  was  the  Impediment,  and  yet  was 
bound  to  have  helped  the  Accomplishing  of  the 
Enterpryse.  I  know  Sr  you  understand,  and  by 
this  short  question,  you  may  guesse  what  may 
furthr  be  urged,  but  I  leave  all  to  yr  judgm*,  and 
reposing  myself  on  yor  worth  I  feare  no  dis* 
astrous  censure. 

"ffor  neglecting  the  Exercyses  of  the  howse, 
it  is  a  fryvolous  objection.  Himself  hath  been 
satysfyed  in  it,  and  Mr.  Damport  will  justify  me, 
knowing  I  never  neglected  but  one  Exercyse  of 
myne  own,  wch  vras  to  argue  a  case  wch  according 
unto  course  another  should  have  done  for  me  at 
my  first  coming  to  the  house,  and  I  by  ffeeing  the 
Butler  did  of  purpose  neglect  it,  onelie  deferring 
the  tyme,  that  after  I  had  been  heere  a  whyle,  I 
might  plead  the  case  for  myself;  wch  is  so  far 
from  a  fault,  that,  contrarywise  the  best  students 
have  ever  taken  this  course,  and  is  and  hath  been 
comended  of  those  that  understand  it,  and  hereof 
I  very  well  know  my  ffather  cannot  be  ignorant, 
having  been  acquaynted  therewth.  But  it .  eemeth 
how  prone  he  is  to  take  exceptions  agaynst  me, 
when  fynding  nothing  blameworthy,  he  returnes 
that  for  a  fault  wch  deserveth  allowance  and 
prayse.  Concerning  Mr.  Damport,  he  is  a  worthy 
gentleman  ;  his  love  to  me  doth  cause  me  to  re- 
spect him  and  his  worth,  in  honestie  to  regard 


116 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  FEB.  18.  '60. 


him.  But  I  thanke  you  for  your  noble  advyse, 
and  should  esteeme  myself  base  not  to  pursue  and 
follow  it,  still  way  ting  a  good  howre,  when  God 
shall  be  pleased  to  enable  me  to  give  lyfe  unto 
my  words  by  deeds  equyvalent  thereto.  In  the 
meane  tyme,  the  trybute  of  a  thankfull  heart  I 
pay  you. 

"  Ffor  or  domestique  news,  I  have  sent  you  the 
cause  of  my  Lo.  of  Oxford,  wch  is  to  be  heard 
this  Terme.  The  plot  it  is  thought  hath  been  to 
terryfie  him  so  from  his  Offyce,  as  to  yeld  his 
place  of  High  Chamberlayn  of  England  to  the 
high  swolne  ffavoryte  and  his  famylie,  wch  his 
great  heart  will  never  yeld  to ;  and  therefore  to 
make  him,  if  not  depending,  beholding  to  his 
greatest  Enemie,  it  is  lykelie,  for  his  words  he 
shall  be  shrewdlie  censured,  and  so  remayne  in 
Durance  till  Buckingham  returne  from  Spayne 
and  gratify  him  wth  his  libertie  and  a  release  of 
his  ffyne,  and  so  asswage  his  stomacke  by  this  his 
plotted  good  turne.  As  it  succeeds,  I  will  cer- 
tyfie  you.  The  Ships  are  yet  on  the  Downes, 
having  been  crossed  and  kept  backt  by  contrary 
wyndus  from  their  voyage.  We  heare  no  newes 
from  Spayne,  nor  have  not  heard,  this  month, 
onelie  as  it  is  suspected,  the  Princes  Entertaynm* 
continues  not  so  gloryous  as  it  hath  been.  It  is 
hitherto  a  true  observation  that  England  hath 
been  ffatall  to  Dukes,  but  above  all  most  omy- 
nous  unto  the  Dukes  of  Buckingham,  of  wch  the 
Marquesse  hath  the  tytle,  and  lykewise  Earle  of 
Coventrie,  and  the  Duke  of  Lenox  is  created 
Duke  of  .Richmond  and  Earle  of  Newcastle-upon- 
Tyne,  and  more  Dukes  and  Earles  are  expected 
to  honor  this  liberall  age.  Kit  Villers  is  made 
Earle  of  Anglesey  in  recompense  of  Barkshyre's 
escape,  and  to  increase  the  kindred,  hath  marryed 
wth  Shelton,  his  mothr's  sister's  daughter,  but  we 
are  all  so  used  to  wonders  that  this  is  none  at  all. 
Lenox,  Arundell,  Pembroake,  and  some  other 
Nobles  who  are  styled  the  Lords  of  the  Recep- 
tions have  been  at  Southhampton  and  Portsmouth 
to  p'pare  royall  lodgings  and  enterteynment  for 
the  Prince  and  his  Bryde  of  Spayne  whensoever 
they  arryve. 

"  Ffor  or  forreyn  News  I  have  sent  you  all  we 
have  had  any  tyme  this  month,  amongst  wch  I  have 
sent  you  the  parliam*  of  Regenspurgh,  holden  by 
the  Emperor  and  his  Princes,  wherein  you  may 
see  what  is  done  for  the  disposing  of  the  Elector- 
ship of  the  forlorne  Palatyne,  a  discourse  not  un- 
worth  yor  knowledge,  who  I  am  sure  are  as 
zealous  for  the  good  of  the  country  and  ffriends 
as  those  that  beare  greater  sway  and  have  better 
power  of  performance,  be  they  but  subjects  of 
England.  To  conclude  all  my  relatyons,  I  will 
tell  you  of  one  mad  prancke  that  happened  wthin 
theise  two  nights.  Sr  Thomas  Bartley  was  ar- 
rested hard  by  Grayes  Inne  for  4000ls  debt,  and 
was  carryed  to  the  higher  end  of  Holborne,  and 


committed  under  custody  :  About  12  of  the  clocke 
at  night  some  Gentlemen  of  or  howse  and  of  Lin- 
colnes  Inne,  met  togethr  for  his  Rescue,  broke 
downe  the  howse,  tooke  him  away  wth  them,  beat 
the  Constables,  Serjeants,  and  Watchmen,  and 
though  St.  Gyles  was  raysed  and  almost  all  Hoi- 
borne,  yet  they  with  their  swords  and  pistolls 
kept  them  of,  and  brought  him  along  to  Grayes 
Inne,  there  were  dyvers  hurt  with  Halberds  and 
about  200  swords  drawn,  and  at  least  2000  people. 
There  are  5  or  6  gent  taken  and  sent  to  New- 
gate, and  wee  heare  that  the  names  of  above  60 
gent,  are  gyven  up  to  the  King,  what  will  be 
done  about  we  shall  know  in  tyme.  There  are 
more  murthers,  drownings,  deaths,  and  villaynies 
then  hath  been  known  in  London  of  long  tyme 
before.  I  had  almost  forgot  the  Moderator,  a 
booke  uncerteyn  whethr  wrytten  by  a  papist  or  a 
statesmen  (for  indeed  they  are  now  so  linked,  as 
scarce  can  admit  distinguish"1*)  for  prparing  a 
way  to  reconciliation  betwix  the  Papists  and  us  ; 
howsoevr  by  whomsoevr  or  to  what  end  soevr  it  is 
penned,  it  is  a  treatise  I  am  sure  excellently 
curyous  and  cautelous,  and  may  stand  or  syde  in 
much  stedd  when  they  please  to  make  use  of  it. 

"  I  will  now  drawe  to  an  end,  intreating  yor  wop 
not  to  miscensure  my  forwardnes  in  taking  notice 
of  theise  things,  for  it  agrees  wth  my  genius  to 
have  some  smattering  herein,  neyther  do  they  any 
whyt  hinder  but  further  my  studyes  and  judgm1. 

"  And  so  with  most  humble  thanks  for  all  yor 
wops  favor%  I  remayne  yor  debtor  for  them,  be- 
seeching God  Almightie  to  prserve  and  p'sper  you 
for  the  good  of  many  and  my  most  specyll  com- 
fort. 

"Ever  resting 

"  Yor  wcpi  to  dispose, 
**  Jo.  BRADSHAW." 

"  Grayes  Inne  the 
First  day  of  the  Terme." 

"  (Directed)        To  the  Right  WorP1" 

Sr  Peter  Legh,  Knight,  att 

Lyrae  in  Cheshyre." 


WITTY  QUOTATIONS  FROM  GREEK  AND 
LATIN  WRITERS. 

Query,  whether  the  numerous  classical  scholars 
who  read  your  periodical  would  form  and  con- 
tribute a  collection  of  WITTY  quotations  from 
Greek  and  Latin  writers  ? 

Query,  whether  such  a  collection  might  not  be 
entertaining  to  those  in  whom  modern  publications 
or  the  occupations  of  life  have  not  extinguished 
the  love  of  ancient  literature  ? 

NOTE. — By  witty  I  do  not  mean  apt  in  its  usual 
sense.  When  Burke,  speaking  in  the  House  of 
Commons  on  taxation,  and  the  necessity  of  public 
economy,  introduced  these  words  from  the  Para- 
doxa  of  Cicero  (6.  3.),  "non  intelligunt  homines 


S.  IX.  FEB.  18.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


117 


quam  magnum  vectigal  sit  parsimonia," — that  was 
an  apt  quotation,  in  so  much  as  it  confirmed  bis 
argument  by  the  testimony  of  one  who  was  long 
conversant  with  public  affairs  as  a  statesman. 
Lord  Clarendon's  KT^O.  ts  ae:  selected  from  Thu- 
cydides  as  the  motto  of  his  History  was  apt,  and 
somewhat  arrogant,  but  time  has  sanctioned  it. 
Very  often  quotations  are,  not  arguments,  but 
illustrations,  or  they  point  out  direct  likenesses  or 
differences.  A  late  tourist,  Mr.  C.  Weld,  com- 
pares the  chesnuts  of  the  Limousin  with  those  in 
Virgil's  Eclogue :  — 

"Sunt  nobis  mitia  poma, 
Castaneae  niolles  " — 

and  contrasts  the  tuneful  Cicala  of  the  neighbour- 
hood of  Arcachon  with  the  Cicada  of  the  same 
poet : — 

"  Et  cantu  querula  rumpent  arbusta  cicada;." 

Apt  quotations  might  be  produced  on  a  vast 
variety  of  subjects,  their  aptness  consisting  in 
this,  that  the  words  are  applied  in  the  same 
sense  in  which  they  were  first  employed.  But 
the  excellence  of  a  witty  quotation  is  exactly  the 
reverse  :  the  secondary  sense  differs  from  the 
first ;  and  the  ingenuity  is  greater  in  proportion 
as  the  two  senses  are  more  remote.  It  is  the 
essential  property  of  wit  to  discover  points  of 
likeness  in  things  apparently  dissimilar. 

I  do  not  doubt  that  many  of  the  readers  of  "N. 
&  Q.,  whose  scholarship  is  more  fresh  than  mine, 
and  their  range  of  reading  wider,  could,  if  they 
were  so  disposed,  enlarge  a  collection  of  which  the 
following  sentences  are  specimens  :  — 

1.  Dr.  Samuel  Parr  shall  have  'the  first  place. 
'E/C  Ai'os  apxw/j.((rOa. 

In  1822  I  dined  with  him  at  Hatton  :  the  con- 
versation turned  on  many  of  the  great  men  of  his 
day ;  and  of  Edmund  Burke  he  said,  "  I  have 
heard  him  on  many  subjects,  political  and  reli- 
gious, but  never  did  he  appear  to  me  greater  than 
on  one  occasion  when  he  talked  about  Free- Ma- 
sonry." One  of  the  company  asked  if  he  spoke  in 
favour  of  the  fraternity  or  against  them.  "  Sir," 
said  Parr,  "  he  conversed  wisely  and  eloquently 
on  both  sides  :"  — 

"  Tv$t(Sr)v  8'  OVK  av  yvoujs  irorepoiat,  /xereirj."— II.  e.  85. 

2.  The  same  "  old  man  eloquent "  told  me  also 
the  following  story.      In  his  time  there  was  at 
Cambridge  a  barber  who,  by  his  skill  and  civility, 
became  a  favourite  with  the  young  men ;  so  they 
presented  him  with  a  silver  bowl  bearing  this  in- 
scription :  — 

"  Radit  iter  liquidum."—  Virgil. 
I.  As  Burke  has  been  introduced  as  the  subject 
of  one  witty  quotation,  he  shall  appear  as  the 
author  of  another.  After  a  contested  election  the 
successful  candidate  was  chaired  by  his  political 
friends  amidst  the  acclamations  of  the  multitude. 
Burke's  attention  was  drawn  to  the  scene.  I  see 
him ;  he  said,  — 


"  Numerisque  fertur 
Lege  solutis."—  Horace,  Ode  4.  2.  11. 

4.  The  following  story  is  perhaps  from  Athe- 
nasus.  I  heard  it  from  Richard  Kidd,  a  scholar 
of  eminence  in  his  day.  At  Athens  a  carpenter 
and  a  potter  quarrelled  about  a  fair  damsel,  and 
as  each  of  the  suitors  threatened  to  carry  her  off, 
the  father  brought  the  case  before  the  magistrate. 
He  listened  to  the  parties,  and  then  said  to  the 
carpenter,  — 

"  MT/TC  (TV  TOI>&\  dya0os  ""ep  ewf,  aTroai'peo  Kovprji'," 

And  to  the  potter,  — 


."—  H-  a>  277. 

5.  Wit  is  sometimes  pathetic,  not  always  jocose. 
When  Julian,   the  nephew  of  Constantine  the 

Great,  was  invested  with  the  purple,  he  repeated 
to  himself  the  following  line  from  his  favourite 
Homer,  at  once  descriptive  of  his  fears  and  pro- 
phetic of  his  fate  :  — 

"*EAA.a/3e  rrop^vpeos  Odvaros  ical  /xotpa  KpaTaiij."—  .77.  c.  83. 

(See  Gibbon,  vol.  iii.  p.  188.) 

6.  In  the  years  1808  and  1809  the  Edinburgh 
Review  contained  two  very  severe  criticisms  on  the 
educational   system  pursued  at  the  University  of 
Oxford.      A  reply  was  published  by  Copleston 
(late  Bishop  of  Llandaff),  an  answer  to  that  reply 
by  the  reviewers  in  their  April  number,  1810,  and 
the  whole  controversy  was  ably  discussed  by  the 
Rev.  John  Davison,  then  Fellow  of  Oriel  College, 
Oxford,  in  the  Quarterly  Review  for  August,  1810. 
In  these  several  publications  may  be  found  speci- 
mens of  all  the  weapons  of  literary  warfare,  lawful 
and  unlawful,  from  the'  most  polished  satire  which 
"  makes  the  dangerous  passes  as  it  smiles  "  down 
to  vulgar  personal  abuse.    We  are  concerned  only 
with  the  witty  quotations  introduced  by  the  de- 
fendant, the  aggressor,  and  the  judge  :  — 

Defendant.  "  'A*EYAEI  5e  n-pbs  OLK^OVI  XAA- 
KEYE  yAwo-o-ac."  —  Pindar. 

Aggressor.  "  Tale  tuum  nobis  carmen,  divine  Poeta, 
Quale  sopor."  —  Virgil. 

Judge.  In  order  to  appreciate  the  third  quota- 
tion (the  happiest  of  all  in  my  judgment)  one 
must  recollect  that  the  articles  in  the  Edinburgh 
Review  were  supposed  (by  some  persons)  to  have 
been  the  joint  production  of  Playfair,  Payne 
Knight,  and  Sydney  Smith.  Be  this  as  it  may  ; 
at  all  events  the  number  of  the  aggressors  is 
assumed  by  the  Quarterly  reviewer  to  be  three:  his 
quotation  is  from  Lucretius  (Lib.  v.  94.)  :  — 

"  Horum  naturam  triplicem,  tria  corpora,  Memmi, 
Tres  species  tarn  dissimiles,  tria  talia  texta, 
Una  dies  dedit  *  exitio." 

7.  It  is  likely  that  many  classical  witticisms  might 
be  found  in  the  writings  of  Sydney  Smith,  the 
greatest  humorist  of  modern  times.     I  give  one 


The  word  is  "dabit"  in  Lucretius. 


118 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  IX,  FEB.  18.  '60. 


from  the  first  volume  of  his  Works,  with  his  own 
translation  and  his  own  remark  on  it :  — 

"  The  motto  I  proposed  for  the  [Edinburgh"]  Review 
was — 

'  Tenui  musam  meditamur  avena.' 

'  We  cultivate  literature  upon  a  little  oatmeal.' 
But  this  was  too  near  the  truth  to  be  admitted." 

8.  :  — 

A.  "I  am  told  our  new  medical  practitioner   comes 
from  your  neighbourhood.     What  do  you  think  of  him  ? 
Does  he  send  much  physic?    Does  he  make  frequent 
visits? 

B.  "Yes. 

"  IIo\Aas  5'  i</>0ijmous  </a/x<i?  ai&t.  irpotatyev."— Hom.  II.  a.  3. 

Still  I  like  him,  for  he  cured  me.  Last  month  I  dined, 
and  danced,  and  supped,  and  topped  up  with  brandy  and 
water,  and  the  next  day  I  felt  as  sick  as  a  dog :  bilious 
derangement  and  all  manner  of  bad  symptoms  imVa'rdly. 
I  wrote  my  case  to  him  and  he  sent  me  some  powders, 
with  these  two  lines  from  Virgil:  — 

1  Hi  tanti  motus  atque  haec  certarnina  tanta 
Pulveris  exigui  jactu  compressa  quiescunt.'  " 

Virg.  G.  4.  8G. 

9.  :  — 

Radical.  "  If  I  can  get  such  a  reform  bill,  and  such  a 
House  of  Commons  as  I  want,  the  very  first  measure  they 
pass  will  be  the  confiscation  of  Church  property.  All  the 
parsons  will  go  to  grief. 

Old  Tory.  "  Of  course  they  will ;  the  plan  is  as  old  as 
the  time  of  JEneas: 

'  Due  nigras  pecudes,  ea  prima  piacula  sunto.'  " 

Virg.  J£n.  6.  153. 
10.:  — 

A.  "Any  sport,  fishing?    Caught  a  salmon  yet,  eh?  " 

B.  "Yes. 

'  Vidi  et  crudeles  dantera  Salmonea  poenas.' " 

Virg.  jEn.  6.  585. 
11.:  — 

A.  "Do  you  never  get  thrown  off  that  kicking  horse 
of  yours?" 

B.  "  Not  T ;  I  am  '  servantissimus  sequi.' "  —  Virgil. 

12.:  — 

A.  "So  you  think  promotion  goes  more  by  interest 
than  merit?  " 

B.  "Yes,  I  do.    Look  at  those  five  young  officers." 

A.  "  Well,  what  then :  who  are  they  ?  " 

B.  "  Quinque  subaltern!  totidem  generalib  us,  orti." 

Aldrieh's  Logic. 
13..— 

A.  "  Is  not  Percy  a  bit  of  a  dandy  ?  " 

B.  "  Yes.    Don't  you  know  what  old  G.  said  to  him  ? 

'  Persicos  odi,  puer,  apparatus.'  " — Jffor.  1.  38.  1. 
14.:- 

A,  "  What  do  you  think  of  this  bad  bright  half-sove- 
reign ?     Is  it  not  a  good  imitation  ?  " 

B.  "Yes :  it  is  '  splendide  mendax.'  "—/Tor.  3.  11.  35. 

J.  O.  B. 
Loughborough. 


SCOTISH  BALLAD   CONTROVERSY. 
We  suspect    the  dispute  has  attracted  much 
more  attention  than  it  deserves,  for  discussions 


based  entirely  on  what  is  termed  internal  evi- 
dence are  in  most  cases  unsatisfactory,  and  when 
applied  to  traditional  poetry,  utterly  delusive. 

Sir  Patrick  Spence  may  or  may  not  be  an  old 
ballad.  This  may  be  remarked  of  the  other  al- 
leged fabrications  of  the  wonderful  Lady  Ward- 
law;  but  the  phraseology  is  no  test  one  way  or 
the  other.  In  the  transmission  of  songs  of  which 
there  is  no  written  record,  the  language  of  the 
reciter  is  generally  adapted  to  the  time  m  which 
he  or  she  lived  ;  and  as  the  lapse  of  a  century  or 
two  makes  the  greatest  difference,  not  only  words, 
but  lines,  where  the  memory  is  defective,  replace 
what  had  been  previously  in  the  ballad.  Our 
readers  may  remember  Sir  John  Cutler's  silk  stock- 
ings, so  humorously  described  in  the  inimitable 
Memoirs  of  Martinus  Scriblerus,  which  were  so 
repeatedly  darned  with  worsted,  that  at  last  what 
was  silk  and  what  was  worsted  became  a  ques- 
tion of  some  consideration,  well  worth  the  con- 
sideration of  metaphysicians.  This  is  exactly  the 
case  with  ballad  poetry  :  the  original  texture  may 
be  silk,  but  what  it  may  become  in  process  of 
time  by  darning  we  will  not  be  bold  enough  to 
determine. 

Lady  Wardlaw  is  accused  of  having  forged 
the  ballad  of  Hardiknute.  This  is  strong  lan- 
guage, seeing  it  was  originally  given  to  the  world 
without  any  pretence  of -its  having  been  taken 
from  an  ancient  MS.  The  first  edition,  in  folio, 
a  great  rarity  of  its  kind,  is  now  before  me,  and 
there  is  no  attempt  at  imposition.  If- the  world 
chose  to  take  it  as  an  ancient  poem,  well  and 
good ;  but  this  was  no  reason  for  throwing  dirt  on 
the  writer. 

We  have  our  own  doubts  of  the  entire  authorship. 
Her  ladyship's  brother -is  the  reputed  author  of 
"  Gilderoy,"  —  a  tolerably  pretty  song  on  a  most 
abandoned  scamp.  Now  it  is  proved  incoii- 
testably  in  the  recent  collection  of  "  Scotish 
Ballads  and  Songs"  *  that  there  did  exist  a  pre- 
vious ballad,  evidently  the  germ  of  the  Halket 
one,  which  was  popular  in  England,  and  had  been 
actually  printed  in  one  of  the  rare  little  volumes, 
of  "  Westminster  drollery."  Not  only  were  words, 
but  lines  taken  from  the  English  song  and  dove- 
tailed in  the  Scotish  one. 

Is  it  at  all  improbable  that,  in  like  manner, 
there  may  have  existed  at  the  beginning  of  last 
century  some  fragments  on  the  subject  attempted 
to  be  popularised  by  Lady  Wardlaw  ?  If  the 
brother  made  good  use  of  the  miserable  English 
ballad,  why  might  not  she  follow  his  example? 
How  very  amusing  it  would  be  if  in  some  old  dark 
chest  or  library  an  old  version  of  Hardilumte 
should  turn  up ! 

Again,  why  should  Lady  Wardlaw  be  the  fabri- 
cator of  Sir  Patrick  Spence?  Her  brother 

*  By  James  Maidment.    Stevenson,  Edinburgh. 


s.  IX  FEB.  18.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


119 


just  as  likely  a  person.  And  here  allow  me  to 
remark  that  the  inference  deduced  by  Mr.  Cham- 
bers from  the  word  Aberdour  is  not  warranted. 
The  Aberdour  referred  to  in  the  ballad  is  not  the 
place  of  that  name  in  Fife,  but  one  on  the  north 
coast,  which  runs  along  the  Moray  Frith,  taking 
its  name  from  a  rivulet  which  falls  into  the  sea  a 
little  below  the  church,  at  a  place  known  as  the 
Bay  of  Aberdour.  The  sea-coast  all  along  is 
exceedingly  rocky  and  perilous. 

There  is  another  circumstance  of  moment  men- 
tioned by  Professor  Aytoun,  who  tells  his  readers 
that  in  one  of  the  Orcades,  belonging  to  Mr.  Bal- 
four  of  Trenaby,  tradition  has  preserved  a  par- 
ticular spot  as  the  grave  of  Sir  Patrick  Spence ; 
and  we  may  remark  in  passing  that  Spens  or 
Spence  is  an  Orkney  name,  and  the  unlucky  in- 
dividual, if  he  ever  did  exist,  may  have  been  a 
native  of  these  islands,  which  not  much  more  than 
three  centuries  ago  were  finally  united  to  Scotland. 

There  is  an  odd  blunder  into  which  all  our  emi- 
nent ballad  commentators,  including  Ritson,  Sharpe, 
and  Laing,  have  fallen.  Lady  Wardlaw  is  re- 
presented as  sister  of  Sir  Alexander  Halket,  the 
author  of  "  Gilderoy."  Now,  like  the  Duke  of 
Mantua's  daughter  in  the  "  Minister  of  Finance," 
Sir  Alexander  Halket  never  had  existence.  The 
duke's  daughter  and  the  Scotch  baronet  are 
equally  myths. 

Lady  Wardlaw  was  Elizabeth,  the  second 
daughter  of  Sir  Charles  Halket,  Baronet,  of 
Pitferran.  She  married  Sir  Henry*  Wardlaw, 
third  Baronet  of  Pitreavie,  on  the  13th  June, 
1698,  and  by  him,  who  was  served  heir  of  his 
father  24th  February,  1698,  she  had  one  son,  born 
1705,  and  three  daughters. 

On  the  26th  July,  1699,  Sir  James  Halket  was 
served  heir  male  of  Sir  Charles,  his  father,  in 
certain  lands  in  the  parish  of  Dunfermline.  Thus 
Sir  James  was  Lady  Wardlaw's  brother,  and  there 
has  never  been  a  Sir  Alexander  in  the  Halket  family, 
at  least  after  the  baronetcy  was  obtained.  When 
Sir  James  died  without  issue,  the  estates  fell  to 
Lady  Wardlaw's  elder  sister.  Her  husband  took 
the  name  of  Halket,  and  is  the  lineal  ancestor  of 
the  present  family  of  Pitferran. 

The  baronetcy  became  extinct  on  the  death  of 
Sir  James  in  1705  ;  but  his' sister's  husband,  Sir 
Peter  Wedderburne,  a  baronet  of  1697,  trans- 
mitted the  estates  and  name  of  the  Halkets,  as 
well  as  his  baronetcy,  to  the  heirs  male  of  the  mar- 
riage, and  they  are  now  held  by  Sir  Peter  Arthur 
Halket,  who  received  the  Crimean  medal  with 
three  clasps  for  his  gallant  conduct  during  the 
war  in  the  Crimea.  J.  M. 

OLD  LONDON  BRIDGE. 

In  Mr.  Peter  Cunningham's  excellent  Hand- 
book of  London,  Past  and  Present,  the  following 


statement  occurs :  "  The  first  London  Bridge  is 
said  to  have  been  of  wood,  and  to  have  stood  still 
lower  down  the  river  by  Botolph's  Wharf.  Its 
architect  was  one  Isambard  de  Saintes." 

Now  it  was  in  building,  not  the  first  London 
Bridge,  but  the  bridge  that  was  completed  in  1209, 
that  the  foreign  architect  here  referred  to  was 
employed;  and  he  was  Isenbert,  master  of  the 
schools  at  Saintes  (the  Roman  Santones  of  Caesar's 
time,  which  came  to  the  kings  of  England  by  the 
marriage  of  Eleanor  the  heiress  of  Guienne  to 
Henry  II.).  Mr.  T.  D.  Hardy,  in  his  Introduction 
to  the  Patent  Rolls,  printed  by  order  of  the  Record 
Commissioners,  makes  known  some  curious  facts 
relating  to  Isenbert's  employment,  which  seem 
worthy  of  preservation  among  the  memories  of 
Old  London  Bridge.  The  facts  disclosed  by  the 
Patent  Roll  are  not  alluded  to  by  Stowe,  who, 
following  the  Annals  of  Waverley  Abbey,  states 
that  the  building  of  this  bridge  was  begun  about 
1176  by  Peter  of  Colechurch,  and  finished  in  1209 
"  by  the  worthy  merchants  of  London,  Serle  * 
Mercer,  William  Almaine,  and  Benedict  Botewrite, 
principal  masters  of  the  work,"  Peter  having  died 
in  1205.  This  worthy  ecclesiastic  and  architect  was, 
as  Stowe  informs  us,  priest  and  chaplain  of  St. 
Mary  Colechurch  in  the  Poultry;  and  London 
Bridge  seems  to  have  been  the  favourite  object  of 
his  care,  for  he  is  said  to  have  built  the  new 
bridge  of  elm  timber,  which  was  erected  in  1163, 
and  to  have  begun,  a  little  to  the  west  of  that 
structure,  in  1176,  the  stone  bridge  which  was 
completed  five  years  after  his  death,  and  on  which 
his  body  was  buried  in  the  crypt  of  the  chapel  of 
St.  Thomas  of  Canterbury  within  a  pier  of  that 
enduring  work. 

But  the  Patent  Roll  of  the  third  year  of  the 
reign  of  King  John  (itself  remarkable  as  the  ear- 
liest Patent  Roll  extant,  and  probably,  says  the 
learned  Deputy-Keeper,  the  first  of  the  series  ever 
made),  informs  us  that  King  John  was  anxious  to 
bring  the  bridge  to  perfection,  and  in  1201  took 
upon  himself  to  recommend  to  the  mayor  and 
citizens  of  London  for  that  purpose  the  foreign 
architect  above  named.  The  king  describes  him 
as  "  our  faithful  clerk  Isenbert,  master  of  the 
schools  of  Saintes,  a  man  distinguished  both  for 
his  worth  and  learning,  by  whose  careful  diligence 
the  bridges  of  Saintes  and  Rochelle  had  been, 
under  divine  providence,  in  a  short  time  con- 
structed." 

The  king's  letter  commendatory,  addressed  to 
"the  Mayor  and  Citizens  of  London,"  is  dated 
at  Molineux  in  Normandy  on  the  18th  April  in 
the  third  year  of  his  reign ;  and  the  king  therein 
states  that  "  by  the  advice  of  Hubert  Archbishop 
of  Canterbury  and  others,  he  had  entreated  and 
urged  Isenbert,  not  only  for  the  advantage  of  the 


*  Serle  le  Mercer  occurs  in  1206  in  the  list  of  Sheriffs 
of  London,  and  in  1214  as  mayor. 


120 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«"»  S.  IX.  FEB.  18.  '60. 


citizens  of  London,  but  also  for  the  general  good, 
that  he  would  come  and  use  the  same  diligence  in 
building  their  bridge."  The  king  therefore  grants 
that  the  profits  of  the  edifices  which  Isenbert  in- 
tended to  erect  on  the  bridge  should  be  for  ever 
applied  to  its  repair  and  sustentation ;  and  con- 
cludes by  exhorting  the  mayor  and  citizens  "  for 
their  own  honour,  graciously  to  receive  and  be 
courteous  as  they  ought  to  the  renowned  Isenbert 
and  his  assistants;  for  indeed,"  adds  the  king, 
"  every  kindness  and  respect  exhibited  by  you 
towards  him  must  be  reflected  back  upon  your- 
selves." Mr.  Hardy  has  extracted  another  docu- 
ment relating  to  the  bridge  of  Saintes,  for  the 
building  of  which  Isenbert  seems  to  have  gained  so 
much  credit.  In  it  he  is  spoken  of  by  King  John 
as  "  our  most  dear  and  faithful  Isenbert,  master  of 
the  schools  at  Saintes,"  and  mention  is  made  in 
the  document  of  the  houses  built  on  the  bridge, 
which  had  been  given  to  the  inhabitants  of  Ro- 
chelle  by  Isenbert,  apparently  at  an  annual  quit- 
rent  of  5s.  for  the  repair  of  the  bridge,  and  which 
the  king  confirms  to  them,  directing  the  quit-rent 
to  be  applied  to  needful  repairs,  and  "  to  lighting 
the  bridge  by  night  according  to  the  plan  of  the 
same  master  of  the  schools." 

King  John's  desire  for  the  completion  of  Lon- 
don Bridge,  and  his  recommendation  of  Isenbert 
for  that  purpose  during  the  lifetime  of  Peter  of 
Colechurch,  are  facts  probably  little  known  to 
general  readers :  they  are  not  mentioned  in  the 
notice  of  London  Bridge  in  Mr.  Timbs'  Curiosities 
of  London,  and  seem  to  deserve  a  niche  in  "N.  & 
Q."  WM.  SIDNEY  GIBSON. 


TABLETS  FOR  WRITING  :  WAX  AND  MALTHA. 

Tablets  used  both  for  painting  and  writing 
were  in  antiquity  sometimes  made  of  box-wood  : 
hence,  irvtfov  was  equivalent  to  '&i$\.iov.  See  Ari- 
stoph.  ap.  Pott.,  iv.  18.  x.  59.  (Fragm.  671.,  Din- 
dorf.),  and  Exod.  xxiv.  12. ;  Isaiah  xxx.  8. ;  and 
Habakkuk  ii.  2.,  in  the  Septuagint  version  ;  irvftov 
is  a  tablet,  kept  by  the  author  for  original  compo- 
sition, in  Lucian  adv.  Indoct.,  15.  2Eneas  Polior- 
ceticus  (c.  31.  §  9.),  in  describing  different  modes 
of  conveying  secret  intelligence  in  writing,  states 
that  words  may  be  written  with  good  ink  upon  a 
tablet  of  box -wood,  and  afterwards  obliterated: 
with  whitewash  ;  but  that  if  the  person  who 
receives  the  tablet  washes  off  the  white  cover- 
ing, the  writing  will  be  legible.  The  word 
Trv£oypa(p£>  is  used  by  Artemidor.  (i.  51.)  ap- 
parently in  the  sense  of  painting,  as  a  fine  art.  A 
similar  application  of  the  word  -nv^iov  to  the  art 
of  painting,  occurs  in  a  fragment  of  the  comic 
poet  Anaxandrides  (Meineke,  Fragm.  Com.  Gr., 
vol.  iii.  p.  167.). 

A  full  account  of  the  ancient  custom  of  writing 
on  folding  tablets  covered  with  wax,  is  given  in 


Dr.  Smith's  Diet,  of  Gr.  and  Rom.  Ant.,  art. 
TABULAE.  (See  Ovid,  Met.,  ix.  521.  528.  564.) 
The  contrivance  of  Demaratus,  for  sending  a  se- 
cret communication  from  Susa  to  LaeedaBmon, 
illustrates  the  use  of  waxed  tablets.  He  removed 
the  wax  from  the  diptych  or  folding  tablet,  cut 
the  message  upon  the  wood,  and  then  covered  the 
tablet  with  wax.  The  Lacedaemonians,  finding 
that  there  was  no  writing  upon  the  wax,  guessed 
the  contrivance  ;  they  melted  the  wax,  and  read 
the  words  upon  the  wood  underneath  (Herod,  vii. 
239.).  The  same  contrivance  is  described  by 
^Eneas  Poliorcetic.,  c.  31.  §  8. 

Aristophanes   (Thesm.   778-80.)  likewise    de- 
scribes letters  cut  in  wood  :  — 

Aye  STJ  invaK<av  ^ecrroiv  Se'Arot 


Where  o><'A.rjs  6\Kol  means  the  furrows  chiselled 
on  the  smooth  surface  of  the  wood  with  a  cutting 
instrument. 

Besides  K^S,  or  wax,  the  Greeks  used  a  sub- 
stance called  fj.d\6r]  for  smearing  upon  tablets. 
See  Pollux,  x.  58.  ;  Demosth.  ^adv.  Steph.,  ii. 
p.  1132.:  "  /jid\drj,  6  /j.€/j.a\ayiu.ft'os  Ki]p6s"  Harpo- 
cration,  referring  to  Demosth.,  adv.  Steph.,  and 
citing  a  verse  of  Hipponax,  "  «rem*  /j.d\6ri  r^v 
rp6inv  irapaxpiffas"  where  the  word  would  natu- 
rally mean  pitch.  According  to  Festus  (p.  135.) 
malta  was  used  by  the  Greeks  to  denote  a  mix- 
ture of  pitch  and  wax.  The  Greek  glossaries  give 
as  its  synonyms  nvip&iriffffov  and  TriffffSuripov.  Pliny, 
(N.  H.  ii.  108.),  describes 'maltha  as  a  species  of 
bitumen,  or  mineral  pitch,  found  in  a  pool  at  Sa- 
mosata  in  Commagene  (see  Trad,  de  Pline,  by 
Grandsagne,  torn.  xx.  p.  294.).  According  to 
another  passage  of  Pliny,  maltha  is  a  cement 
made  of  lime  slacked  with  wine,  together  with 
hog's  lard  and  fig  juice.  Its  hardness  exceeds 
that  of  stone  (xxxvi.  58.).  In  Palladius  de  Re 
Rust.,  i.  17.,  maltha  is  a  cement  which  repairs 
holes  in  the  walls  of  cisterns.  The  same  writer 
gives  the  receipts  for  the  composition  of  two  sorts 
of  maltha  for  repairing  holes  in  the  walls  of  hot- 
baths,  or  of  cisterns  of  cold  water.  Ducange  ex- 
plains the  wor-d  malta  by  cement  or  mortar.  See 
Salmas.  ad  Solin.  (vol.  ii.  p.  771.),  who  compares 
the  Italian  smalto.  L. 


ARCHERS  AND  RIFLEMEN. 

Should  the  result  of  the  present  organisation 
of  volunteer  rifle  corps  be  a  general  and  per- 
manent institution,  nothing,  assuredly,  will  tend 
more  to  prevent  panics  and  preserve  peace.  The 
danger  is  in  its  being  allowed  to  languish,  from 
a  sense  of  security  and  the  peaceful  aspect  of 
the  times.  This  was  a  danger,  even  at  a  time 
when  the  English  nation  was  renowned  for  feats 
of  war,  and  victories  gained  through  skill  in 


' 


2»d  S.  IX.  Fisn.  18.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


121 


archery ;  as  appears  from  the  following  royal  in- 
junction addressed  by  Edward  III.  to  the  sheriff 
of  Kent,  and  to  the  sheriff  of  each  county,  dated 
1st  June,  1363,  only  seven  years  after  the  victory 
of  Poitiers  (Sept.  1356):  — 

"Rex  Vicecomiti  Kantize  salutem. 

«  Quia  populus  regni  nostri,  tarn  Nobiles  quam  igno- 
biles,  in  jocis  suis,  artem  sagittaudi  ante  hsec  tempora 
communiter  exercebunt,  unde  toti  regno  nostro  honorem, 
et  commodum  nobis  in  actibus  nostris  guerrinis,  Dei  ad- 
jutorio  cooperante,  subventionem  non  modicam  dinoscitur 
provcnisse, — 

"Et  jam,  dicta  arte  quasi  totaliter  dimissa,  idem  po- 
pulus ad  jactus  lapidum,  lignorum,  et  ferri ;  et  quidam  ad 
pilam  raanualem,  pedivam,  et  bacularem ;  et  ad  cani- 
bucam  et  gallorum  pugnarn ;  quidam  etiam  ad  alios  ludos 
inhonestos  et  minus  utiles  aut  valentes,  se  indulgent,— 

"  Per  quod  dictum  regnum  de  Sagittariis  infra  breve 
deveniet  verisimiliter  (quod  absit)  destitutum,  — 

"  Nos,  volentes  super  hoc  remedium  apponi  opportunum, 
tibi  pnecipimus  quod  in  locis  in  comitatu  tuo,  tarn  infra 
liberates  quam  extra,  ubi  expedite  videris,  publice  facias 
proclamari,  quod  quilibet  ejusdem  comitatus,  in  corpore 
potens,  in  diebus  festivis,  cum  vacaverit,  arcubus  et  sa- 
gittis,  vel  pilettis  aut  boltis,  in  jocis  suis  utatur,  artemque 
sagittandi  discat  et  exerceat :  — 

"  Omnibus  et  singulis,  ex  parte  nostra,  inhibens,  ne  ad 
hujusmodi  jactus  lapidum,  lignorum,  ferri:  pilam  manua- 
lem,  pedivam  vel  bacularem ;  aut  canibucam  vel  gallorum 
pugnam,  aut  alios  ludos  vanos  hujusmodi,  qui  valere  non 
poterunt,  sub  peeua  imprisonamenti,  aliqualiter  intendant, 
aut  se  inde  intromittant. 

"  Teste  Rege  apud  Westmonasterium,  primo  die  Junii. 
"  Per  ipsum  Regem." 

This  proclamation  seems  not  to  have  produced 
the  desired  effect,  for  I  find  that  it  was  repeated 
two  years  later  (12  June,  1365)  exactly  in  the 
same  terms.  It  would  seem,  therefore,  that  the 
English  people  were  lulled  into  a  feeling  of  se- 
curity by  the  peace  and  the  recent  victories,  and 
indulged  their  taste  for  other  sports,  which  by  the 
way  it  is  very  interesting  to  note,  as  they  are  enu- 
merated in  the  proclamation.  But  how  stringent! 
Imprisonment  for  a  game  at  hand-ball !  How  dif- 
ferent the  language  of  our  gracious  Queen,  on  the 
subject  of  the  volunteer  movement.  "  I  have  ac- 
cepted with  gratification  and  pride  the  extensive 
offers  of  voluntary  service  which  I  have  received 
from  my  subjects.  This  manifestation  of  public 
spirit  has  added  an  important  element  to  our  sys- 
tem of  national  defence."  —  Queen's  Speech,  Jan. 
•24,  1860.  JOHN  WILLIAMS. 

Arno's  Court. 


iHtnor 

LORD  ELDON  A  SWORDSMAN. — It  is  an  amusing 
incident  in  the  life  of  Lord  Eldon,  that  in  the 
year  1781,  when  he  was  Attorney- General,  a  thin 
octavo  volume  (1 14  pages),  entitled  A  few  Mathe- 
matical and  Critical  Remarks  on  the  Sword^  was 
dedicated.,  to  him.  The  dedication  contains  the 
.following  passage :  — 

"  I  ingenuously  declare,  if  I  knew  but  one  man  in.  the 


kingdom  to  have  a  sounder  judgment  and  a  finer  ima- 
gination, a  more  humane  and  expanded  heart,  and  a  more 
spirited  and  judicious  arm,  I  should  have  been  still  more 
presumptuous  than  1  am  in  prefixing  your  name  to  so 
trifling  a  production." 

The  book  was  published  anonymously,  printed 
by  D.Chamberlaine,  No.  5.  College  Green,  Dublin, 
1781.  The  expert  lawyer,  it  appears,  was  also  an 
expert  swordsman,  cunning  in  fence  in  each  cha- 
racter, but 

"  Cedant  arma  toga?." 

Nix. 

TINTED  PAPER.  —  It  is  suggested  that,  now 
we  are  to  be  freed  from  the  paper-duty,  tinted 
papers  be  more  used.  The  relief  an  occasional 
slight  shade  of  colour  affords  to  those  whose  eyes 
are  constantly  poring  over  bleached  and  glazed 
sheets  is  well  worth  any  little  difference  in  price. 
Any  one  who  has  intently  read  a  new  library 
work  for  a  couple  of  days  will  know  what  this 
means,  as  well  as  those  who  have  to  look  over 
white  MSS. 

Experiments  have  been  made  in  the  tints  most 
agreeable  to  the  eye,  and  this  improvement  has 
already  been  adopted  in  some  mathematical  tables, 
in  a  few  standard  books,  in  catalogues,  and  in  a 
colonial  paper  or  two.  Perhaps  the  way  to  begin 
is,  to  print  a  few  tinted  copies  .of  every  publica- 
tion, whether  bound  or  unbound,  and  let  pur- 
chasers take  their  choice.  ("  N.  &  Q."  not  to  be 
excepted). 

Query.  What  would  be  the  extra  cost  on  the 
several  varieties  of  paper  ?  I  am  told  10  per  cent. 
is  the  limit.  S.  F.  CRESWELL. 

The  School,  Tunbridge,  Kent. 

ELEANOR  GWYN.  —  In  a  ballad  (Collection  Old 
Ballads,  Brit.  Mus.)  upon  the  conflagration  of  the 
Theatre  Royal  Drury  Lane,  Jan.  25,  167£,  these 
two  lines  occur  :  — 

"  He  cryes  just  judgment,  and  wished  when  poor  Bell 
Rung  out  his  last,  't  had  been  the  stages  kNell." 

A  MS.  note  at  the  back  (contemporary  hand) 
says  being  so  writ  a  little  k  and  a  great  N,  some 
thought  it  reflected  upon  Nell  Gwyn,  and  tho' 
ye  verses  were  licensed  L'Estrange  threatned 
to  trouble  yc  printer  for  making  a  great  N. 
Wherein  is  the  point  of  this  allusion  ? 

In  a  "  Dialogue  "  in  a  new  Song  of  the  Times, 
1683,  printed  in  Marvell's  State  Poems  (2nd  col- 
lection), the  writer  makes  Oliver  Cromwell's  por- 
ter to  enter  with  a  Bible  given  him  by  Nell  Gwynn. 

Is  there  any  foundation  for  this  incident  ? 

ITHURIEL. 

FIRST  COACH  IN  SCOTLAND. —  The  first  coach 
seen  in  Scotland  was  probably  that  of  the  Queen 
of  James  VI.  (our  James  I.).  The  Diary  of 
Robert  Birch  records  that  after  the  King's  de- 
parture to  England,  "  on  the  30th  May,  1603,  her 
Majesty  came  to  Sanet  Geill's  Kirk,  weill  con- 


122 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES, 


S.  IX.  FEB.  18.  '60. 


vpyit  with  coches,  herself  and  the  prince  in  hey 
awin  coche,  guhilk  came  with  hir  out  of  Denmarke 
[in  1599],  and  the  English  gentlewemen  in  the 
rest  of  the  clinches."  James  himself  made  the 
journey  to  London  on  horseback,  perhaps  because 
he  was  in  the  condition  of  Henry  IV.  of  France, 
who  wrote  to  one  of  his  ministers :  "  I  cannot 
come  to  you  to-day,  because  my  wife  is  using  the 
coach."  J.  Y. 

FORESHADOWED  PHOTOGRAPHY. —The  assertion, 
ascribed  by  Bishop  Wilkins  to  Pythagoras,  that  "  he 
could  write  anything  on  the  body  of  the  moon,  so 
that  it  might  be  legible  at  a  great  distance,"  is 
referred  by  the  good  Bishop  to  diabolical  magic. 
Agrippa  is  also  represented  as  saying  that  he  knew 
how  to  do  the  same.  The  idea  seems  to  be  a  sort 
of  photographic  one,  carried  to  an  extreme  degree ; 
but  Wilkins,  in  commenting  upon  it,  says  :  — 

"  There  is  an  experiment  in  Opticks,  to  represent  any 
writing  by  the  Sun-beams,  upon  a  wall,  or  front  of  a 
house:  for  which  purpose,  the  letters  must  first  be  de- 
scribed with  wax,  or  some  other  opacous  colour,  upon  the 
surface  of  the  glass,  in  an  inverted  form ;  which  glass 
afterwards  reflecting  the  light  upon  any  wall  in  the  shade, 
will  discover  these  letters  in  the  right  form  and  order." 

Is  not  this  something  like  a  correct  first  step  in 
the  wonderful  art  or  science  (which  is  it  ?)  of 
photography  ?  *  PISHET  THOMPSON. 

Stoke  Newington. 


MARIA,  OR  MARlA. 

The  Italians  generally  adhere  closely  to  the  pri- 
mitive Latin  quantities  ;  but  in  this  case  they 
have  lengthened  the  penultimate  syllable  contrary 
to  old  usage.  On  looking  into  the  Poetce  Chris- 
tiani  Latini  I  find  this  singular  circumstance.  In 
the  curious  poem  of  Tertullian,  adv.  Martian,  iv. 
181.,  supposed  to  be  written  circ.  A.D.  200.  we 
have  this  line :  — 

"  Prsedixit  Mariam,  de  qu&  flos  exit  in  orbem." 

The  same  quantity,  v.  145. 

In  Juvencus,  the  Presbyter  (cir.  330.),  de  Hist. 
Evang.  \.  91. :  — 

"  Exultat  Mariae,  quum  primum  afflamina  sensit." 

And  again,  i.  274. :  — 
"  Joseph  urgetnr  monitis,  Mariam  puerumque," 

In  the  distichs  attributed  to  S.  Ambrose  (340- 
397): 

"  Angelus  affatur  Mariam,  qua?  parca  loquendi." 

In  the  poem  of  Pope  Damasus  (cir.  380),  De 
Christo,  6.  : 
"  Quern  verbo  inclusum  Mariae,  mox  numine  viso." 

[*  We  have  omitted  the  account  of  Strada's  magnetic 
telegraph,  already  noticed  in  our  1st  S.  vi.  93.  204.— ED.] 


In  Aur.  Prudentius  (cir.  400),  Contra  Homoun- 

cionitas,  92.  : 

"  Ante  pedes  Mariae,  pucrique  crepundia  parvi." 

Now  all  these  give  the  penultimate  as  short,  but 
in  about  half  a  century  there  is  a  complete  change. 
In  Sedulius  (cir.  450),  Carm.  iv.  142. : 

"  Nee  tibi  parva  salus,  Domino  medicante,  Maria. 

Ib.  279. : 

"  Quidve  Maria  gemis?  Christum  dubitabis  an  unum." 

In  Venantius  Fortunatus  (cir.  450),  de  partu 
Virginis,  125. : 

"  Humano  generi  gemuit  quos  Eva  dolores 
Curavit  gentes,  virgo  Maria,  tuis. 

jft.229.: 

"  Nomen  honoratura,  benedicta  Maria  per  sevum." 

Ib.  358. : 

"  Per  Christum  genitum  virgo  Maria  tuum." 

I  quote  from  Maittaire's  collection.  Is  it  not 
strange  such  a  sudden  change  should  take  place 
in  the  pronunciation  of  so  revered  a  name,  and 
that  by  a  people  of  such  sensitive  ears.  It  could 
arise  from  a  reference  to  the  Greek,  for  the  Maptd/u. 
of  one  Evangelist  and  the  Mo/no  of  the  others 
would  seem  to  imply  the  contrary.  Can  any  of 
your  readers  give  a  probable  solution  of  the  diffi- 
culty ?'  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 


ARCHBP.  WHATELY  AND  «  THE  DIRECTORY." 

Archbishop  Whately  has  lately  published  a 
small  volume  under  the  title,  Explanations  of  the 
Bible  and  of  the  Prayer-Book  (Parker  &  Son, 
1858),  in  which  (p.  72.)  he  takes  notice  of  "the 
book  called  The  Directory,  put  forward  by  the 
Republican  Parliament  as  designed  to  supersede 
the  Prayer-Book ;"  and  immediately  afterwards 
he  says :  — 

"  Of  the  book  I  have  alluded  to,  copies  are  extremely 
rare;  which  is  a  remarkable  circumstance,  considering 
how  many  thousand  copies  of  it  must  have  been  at  one 
time  in  circulation.  But  (he  adds)  to  those  who  have 
access  to  public  libraries,  it  will  be  worth  while  to  inspf 
it,  in  order  to  observe  .  .  .  . 

I  am  one  of  the  multitude  of  Presbyterians  (a 
layman)  who  derive  instruction  and  gratification 
too  from  the  Archbishop's  works ;  but  on  reading 
what  I  quote  from,  I  mentally  exclaimed,  here 
indeed  a  Curiosity  of  Literature.  The  Directory, 
for  which  the  privileged  few  are  sent  to  ransack 
collections  of  rarities,  has  actually  been,  through- 
out these  200  bye-gone  years,  a  household  book, 
not  only  with  Scotch  (and  English)  Presbyterians, 
but  with  his  grace's  nearer  neighbours  the  Pres- 
byterians of  Ulster.  It  is  one  of  ten  tracts,  or 
thereabouts,  which,  arranged  and  equipped  with* 
ratifying  Acts  of  Parliament  and  of  Assembly, 


S.  IX.  FEB.  18.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


123 


make  up  the  volume,  having  the  look-Under" s 
title,  Confession  of  Faith,  taken  from  the  first 
tract  in  the  series,  The  Directory  being  the  eighth. 
The  whole  volume,  with  additions  connected  with 
events  of  1843,  the  Free  Church  of  Scotland  has 
been  scattering  like  snow-flakes  over  the  land  ; 
and  the  curious  student  may,  at  the  small  charge 
of  one  shilling,  have  all  the  excellent  prelate  has 
recommended  to  his  notice,  and  a  great  deal  more. 

Although  I  write  thus  confidently,  my  first  sur- 
prise did  "merge  into  scepticism  as  to  the  identity 
of  the  book  Dr.  Whately  refers  to  with  my  old 
familiar.  And  I  have  diligently  turned  over  all 
historical  authorities  within  my  reach,  including 
the  graphic  pages  of  Principal  Baillie,  who  jour- 
nalised and  epistolised  on  the  proceedings  of  each 
day,  as  this  Directory  was  elaborated,  clause  by 
clause,  in  the  famous  Westminster  Assembly,  and 
when  completed  was  established  by  ordinance  of 
the  "  Republican  Parliament."  But  I  may,  after 
all,  be  still  at  fault ;  and,  therefore,  I  respectfully 
"note"  what  is  written  above,  and  "  Query,"  am 
I  right  or  wrong  ?  J.  H. 

Glasgow. 


RUBRICAL  QUERY.  — The  following  passage  oc- 
curs in  a  quotation  in  the  Edinburgh  Review,  No. 
224.,  p.  339.,  from  The  Diary  of  a  Visit  to  Eng- 
land in  1775,  by  Thomas  Campbell,  an  Irish  cler- 
gyman, in  which  the  writer  records  his  attendance 
on  Good  Friday  at  the  chapel  of  the  celebrated 
Dr.  Dodd  :  — 

"  Dodd  did  not  read  the  Communion  Service  rubri- 
cally, for  he  kneeled  at  the  beginning,  and  though  it  was 
a  fast  day  he  and  his  coadjutors  wore,  surplices" 

The  kneeling  was  certainly  contrary  to  the 
rubric  ;  but  I  know  of  no  rubric  which  enjoins  the 
minister  to  doff  his  surplice  before  he  begins  the 
Communion  Service  on  fast  days  ;  nor,  till  I  read 
this  paragraph,  was  I  aware  that  it  had  ever  been 
the  practice.  Perhaps  the  Editor,  or  some  of  the 
readers  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  can  afford  some  informa- 
tion on  the  subject.  A  COUNTRY  PARSON. 

DUTCH  CLOCK  WITH  PENDULUM  BY  CHRISTIAAN 
Hi  YGHENS.  —  I  read,  in  the  Neiv  York  Indepen- 
dent for  Dec.  15,  1859  :  — 

"  The  Hartford  Times  says  that  a  watchmaker  in  that 
city  has  repaired  and  set  in  running  order  a  German 
clock  more  than  two  centuries  old.  It  was  built  by  Huy- 
ghens,  somewhere  about  the  year  1640  [  ?],  and  though 
it  has  not  run  for  more  than  half  a  century,  is  now  keep- 
ing good  time,  and  may  last  another  two  centuries.  It 
:''>und  by  the  artist,  Church,  in  the  possession  of  a 
Dutch  family  in  Nova  Scotia,  while  he  was  off  on  his 
iceberg  sketching  expedition.  In  that  family  it  had  been 
handed  down  from  father  to  son  for  generations.  This  is 
one  of  the  very  first  clocks  ever  made  with  a  pendulum. 
The  action  of  the  pendulum  on  the  wheel  is  not  direct,  by 
means  of  a  pallet,  as  in  the  modern  clocks,  but  operates 
by  a  Vertical  vibrating  bar  with  '  snugs '  on  it,  catching 
into  the  teeth  at  each  oscillation  of  the  pendulum.  The 


clock  strikes  for  the  half-hour  and  hour,  and  is  wound  By 
means  of  an  endless  chain.  It  is  an  open  frame  of  black, 
ancient  oak,  exposing  the  works,  which  are  of  brass,  and 
nicely  finished." 

Now  as  I  know  you  have  readers  and  corre  - 
spondents  in  the  United  States,  I  beg  them  to 
help  me  forward  by  their  inquiries  as  to  the  name 
of  the  Dutch  family  aforesaid.  Farther,  how  it 
can  be  proved  that  the  clock  I  mentioned  was 
really  made  by  Huyghens  ?  whether  this  assertion 
depends  on  bare  tradition,  or  is  confirmed  by  his 
name  on  the  work  ?  Can  a  clock,  in  good  English, 
be  said  to  "  run,"  or  is  this  a  translation  of  the 
Dutch  loopen  in  the  same  signification  ?  And 
what  are  "  snugs"  ?  My  dictionaries  leave  me  at 
fault.  J.  H.  VAN  LENNEP. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht. 

SONGS  AND  POEMS  ON  SEVERAL  OCCASIONS.  — I 
shall  feel  obliged  by  being  informed  of  the  author 
and  date  of  a  12mo.  volume,  of  which  the  above  is 
the  running  title  from  p.  1.  to  p.  144.  ;  and  after- 
wards the  running  title  is  "  Apollo's  Feast,  or  the 
Wit's  Entertainment,"  so  far  as  my  copy  extends, 
which  is  to  p.  166.  only,  and  is  also  deficient  in 
the  title-page  and  preliminary  matter.  The  first 
song  is  "  Sir  John  Falstaff's  Song  in  Praise  of 
Sack."  And  at  p.  24.  is,  "  The  Quaker's  Ballad ;" 
at  p.  37.,  "The  Four-legged  Quaker  ;"  at  p.  124., 
"  Chevy  Chase,"  in  English  and  Latin  on  opposite 
pages.  To  how  many  pages  does  the  book  ex- 
tend ?  ALOYSIUS. 

CHALK  DRAWING.  —  Among  some  drawings  in 
chalk  which  I  lately  selected  from  the  portfolio  of 
a  bookseller  at  Antwerp,  is  one  of  great  artistic 
merit,  but  I  do  not  know  its  meaning.  An  old 
man,  in  the  dress  of  a  Roman  soldier,  is  striking 
a  light  with  two  stones.  A  bow  and  quiver  of 
arrows  hang  on  a  broken  tree,  and  two  sea-gulls 
and  a  pigeon  are  on  the  ground,  which  is  partially 
covered  with  snow.  The  face  and  figure  are  very 
fine,  but  one  leg  has  a  buskin,  the  other  a  gouty 
shoe.  Below  is  written  :  — 

"  Dan  had  me  ook  het  vuur  ontbroken ;  maar  den 
steen  verbrijzelend  op  rots  met  moeite,  ontstak  ik  't 
licht."— p.  12. 

The  Flemish  was  explained  by  the  vendor  in 
French  nearly  as  difficult  to  understand  as  the 
original.  May  I  ask,  through  "  N.  &  Q.,"  for  a 
translation  and  an  explanation  of  the  subject,  if 
known  ?  E.  E.  M. 

Kue  d'Angouleme,  St.  Honored 

ALLITERATIVE  POETRY.  —  Most  of  your  readers 
are  no  doubt  acquainted  with  the  two  poems 
"  Pugna  Porcorum,"  and  "  Canum  cum  catis  cer- 
tamen;"  the  first  dated  1530.  Can  anyone  in- 
form me  where  I  can  meet  with  a  poem  entitled 
Christus  Crucifixus,  by  Christianus  Pierius,  a 
German,  composed  upon  the  same  principle.  It 
consists  of  upwards  of  1000  lines,  but  I  am  only 


124 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  IX.  FEB.  18.  '60. 


familiar  with  the  four  following,  which  will  serve 
as  an  example  :  — 

"Currite  Castalides  Christo  comitate  Camcenap, 
Concelebraturae  cunctorum  carmine  certum 
Confugium  collapsorum  ;  concurrite,  cantus 
Concinnaturse  celebres  celebresque  cothurnos." 

A.  W.  S. 

ARCHBISHOP  KING'S  LECTURESHIP.  —  In  the 
Picture  of  Dublin,  p.  174.  (Dublin,  1843),  there  is 
the  following  paragraph  :  — 

"  There  is  a  lectureship  connected  with  this  Chapel  [of 
St.  George,  Dublin],  endowed  by  Dr.  Wm.  King,  for- 
merly Archbishop  of  Dublin,  but  which  has  been  in  abey- 
ance for  many  years.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that  the  will  "of 
the  founder  will  be  strictly  complied  with ;  and  that  the 
prelate  who  now  fills  the  see  of  Dublin  will  adopt  the 
necessary  means  for  its  revival." 

Any  information  regarding  this  lectureship, 
which,  so  far  as  I  am  aware,  is  still  in  abeyance, 
will  much  oblige.  I  cannot  find  mention  of  it  in 
Bishop  Mant's  History  of  the  Church  of  Ireland, 
nor  in  Whitelaw  and  Walsh's  History  of  the 
City  of  DuUin.  Arcbdeacon  Cotton  reminds  us 
in  his  Fasti  Ecclesia  Hibernica,  vol.  ii.  p.  23., 
that  as  sufficiently  appears  by  the  archbishop's 
will,  now  in  the  Prerogative  Office,  Dublin,  his 
charities,  both  public  and  private,  wer£  many  and 
large.  ABHBA. 

JUDGE  BULLER' s  LAW.  —  On  27  Nov.  1782, 
Gilray  published  a.  caricature  likeness  of  Judge 
Buller  under  the  title  of  '''•Judge  Thumb"  What 
authority  is  there  for  the  assertion  that  Judge 
Buller  ever  ruled  That  a  man  might  lawfully  beat 
his  wife  with  a  stick,  if  it  were  not  thicker  than 
his  thumb?  BENEDICT. 

FAMILY  OF  HAVARD.  —  This  antient  family, 
who  were  descended  from  Sir  Walter  Havard,  one 
of  the  followers  of  the  Conqueror,  upon  whom 
was  conferred  the  lordship  of  the  manor  of  Pon- 
twylym  near  Brecon,  resided  there  until  the  time 
of  Thos.  Havard,  sheriff  of  Breconshire  in  1549  and 
1555,  who  was  the  last  of  the  name  seated  there. 
The  mansion  of  Pontwylym  was  in  1809  used  as  a 
farmhouse.  In  Jones's  History  of  Breconshire  I 
find  six  or  eight  pages  devoted  to  their  genealogy. 
Although  they  have  ceased  to  be  classed  among 
the  commoners  of  England,  I  should  be  glad  to  be 
informed  who  is  the  present  representative  of  the 
elder  branch  of  this  family,  or,  in  other  words,  the 
head  of  the  house.  KALPH  WOODMAN. 

SONGS  WANTED. — I  am  surprised  to  find  in 
Popular  Music  no  mention  of  that  capital  hunt- 
ing song  "  A  southerly  wind  and  a  cloudy  sky," 
perhaps  the  best  in  our  language.  No  doubt  Mr. 
Wm.  Chappell,  whose  work  cannot  be  over-esti- 
mated, has  good  reasons  for  the  omission,  and  will, 
with  ready  courtesy,  give  them.  I  believe  the 
music,  which  is  so  happily  wedded  to  the  words, 
had  a  prior  attachment  to  "  Somehow  my  spindle  I 


mislaid."  May  I  ask  who  wrote  the  two  songs, 
and  who  composed  a  tune  which,  particularly  as 
respects  the  second  alliance,  furnishes  so  admirable 
an  adaptation  of  sense  to  sound  ?  I  would  also 
like  to  know  if  this  can  be  purchased,  and  where  ? 

R.  W.  DIXON. 
Seaton-Carew,  co.  Durham. 

GLOUCESTER  CUSTOM.  —  I  was  reading  that  it 
was  the  "  custom  of  the  city  of  Gloucester  to  pre- 
sent to  the  sovereign  at  Christmas  a  lamprey-pie 
with  a  raised  crust."  Can  any  of  your  correspon- 
dents inform  me  when  this  was  the  custom,  and 
when  it  was  left  off?  J.  CHENEVIX  FROST. 

COL.  HACKER.  —  Information  is  requested  re- 
specting the  family  and  arms  of  Col.  Francis 
Hacker,  who  lived  in  Charles  I.'s  time.  G.  C.  H. 

CLERGY  PEERS  AND  COMMONERS.  —  Can  any 
of  your  readers  furnish  me  with  a  list  of  ordained 
clergymen  of  the  United  Established  Church  who 
have  ever  been  created  peers  ?  Early  in  the  pre- 
sent century,  in  the  case  of  Home  Tooke,  a  bill 
was  passed  to  render  clergymen  ineligible  as  mem- 
bers of  the  House  of  Commons.  What  name  does 
this  bill  bear,  and  what  are  the  terms  in  which  the 
prohibition  is  made?  Clergymen  are  permitted 
to  discharge  the  civil  functions  of  the  magistracy, 
by  what  argument  can  they  be  debarred  from  the 
tenure  of  so  important  a  civil  right  as  a  seat  in  the 
House  of  Commons?  Are  there  any  dissenting 
ministers  (I  don't  allude  to  the  front  row  of  the 
"  Opposition ")  in  the  House ;  if  so,  how  many, 
and  of  what  bodies  ?  C.  LE  POER  KENNEDY. 

St.  Albans. 

SIR  W.  JENNINGS.  —  Lord  Braybrooke,  in  the 
third  edition  of  Pepys's  Diary,  iii.  p.  341.,  says 
that  Sir  William  Jennings,  who  "  attended  James 
II.  after  his  abdication,  and  served  as  a  captain  in 
the  French  navy,"  was  "  a  distinguished  sea  officer, 
brother  to  Sir  Robert  Jennings  of  Hipon."  No 
such  person,  however,  as  either  Sir  Wm.  or  Sir 
Robert  Jennings  is  mentioned  either  in  the  pedi- 
gree of  the  family  of  Jenings  of  Ripon  entered 
at  Dugdale's  Visitation,  15th  Aug.  1665,  or  in  any 
local  record.  Was  he  more  remotely  descended 
from'  this  family,  who  wrote  their  name  with 
one  n,  as  Pepys  (vol.  iii.  p  201.)  does  that  of 
"  Jenings  of  the  Ruby,"  who  distinguished  himself 
at  the  fight  of  Dunkirk,  and  was  apparently  the 
Sir  William  alluded  to  ?  L.  F. 

HOSPITALS  FOR  LEPERS. — I  shall  feel  obliged  for 
any  information  respecting  hospitals  for  lepers.  I 
am  especially  anxious  to  learn  anything  about  the 
arrangement  of  their  chapels.  R.  H.  C. 

MR.  LYDE  BROWNE.  —  I  have  ineffectually  en- 
deavoured, in  such  biographical  works  as  were 
within  my  reach,  to  find  a  memoir  of  this  gentle- 
man, who  was  one  of  the  most  celebrated  dilettanti 


S.  IX.  FEB.  18.  ?60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


125 


and  patrons  of  the  beaux-arts  that  this  nation  has 
produced ;  and  I  am  the  more  induced  to  con- 
tinue  this  search,  that  I  may  promote  the  inquiry 
of  your  correspondent  (2nd  S.  ix.  64.)  concerning 
the  society  of  English  dilettanti,  now  I  fear  in  de- 
cadence, if  not  extinct.  Mr.  Lyde  Browne  col- 
lected, at  his  villa  at  Wimbledon,  such  a  variety 
of  splendid  objects  of  virtu  as  were  never  before 
seen  in  this  country,  and  which  were  described  in 
a  quarto  pamphlet  which  he  published,,  entitled, 
Catalogo  dei  Marmi,  eccetera,  del  Sign.  Lyde 
Browne,  Londra,  1779. 

I  should  feel  much  indebted  to  any  correspon- 
dent of  "  N.  &  Q."  who  would  favour  me  with  an 
account,  or  direct  me  to  a  memoir  of  this  distin- 
guished connoisseur  ;  and  to  inform  me  what  be- 
came of  his  collection  ?  I  may  add  that  I  have 
understood  that  several  eminent  characters  were 
members  of  the  associated  dilettanti,  and  that  the 
Duchess  (Georgiana)  of  Devonshire  (ob.  1806) 
was  a  principal  patroness  of  the  Society.  When 
Mr.  Lyde  Browne's  villa  became  vacant,  either  by 
his  decease  or  removal,  it  was  taken  and  occupied 
for  a  long  period  by  the  Right  Hon.  Henry  Dun- 
das  (Viscount  Melville,  1802).  AMATEUR. 

TUMBREL.  —  The  punishment  of  the  tumbrel 
for  dishonest  tradesmen,  more  especially  of  brew- 
ers, was  one  of  the  privileges  claimed  by  lords  of 
manors  during  the  mediaeval  period  of  English 
history.  When  was  it  discontinued?'  I  do  not 
allude  to  the  ducking-stool  which  was  continued 
as  a  punishment  for  scolds  to  the  early  part  of  the 
present  century.  M.  P.  TODD. 

WILLIAM  PITT'S  PORTRAIT.  —  I  have  been  told 
by  a  gentleman  (who  forgets  his  authority)  that 
the  only  picture  in  the  Louvre  at  Paris  painted 
by  an  Englishman,  is  a  portrait  of  the  celebrated 
William  Pitt,  painted  by  the  late  John  Hoppner, 
R.A.  If  any  of  your  numerous  correspondents 
could  verify  this  statement,  I  should  feel  truly 
obliged,  as  I  have  a  particular  wish  to  know  if 
such  is  the  case.  LAU.  A.  PRATT. 

Camden  House,  Islington. 

ARMS  (2nd  S.  ix.  80.)— The  Query  should  be, 

what  family  bears  the  following  arms  :  — "  Argent 

between  2  bars  gules,  six  martlets  sable,  3,  2,  and 

'    I  have  searched  Gwillim  and  Edmondson  in 

vain.  C.  J.  ROBINSON. 


OLD  WELSH  CHRONICLES.  —  In  Sharon  Turner's 
History  of  the  Anglo-Saxons  (iii.  465.)  is  the  fol- 
lowing statement :  — 

"  The  Red  Book  of  Hengest  is  still  in  the  library  of 
Jesus  College  at  Oxford  —  a  parchment  in  fol.  It  con- 
tains three  Welsh  Chronicles,  a  Welsh  Grammar,  and 
some  Welsh  romances." 

Of   Saxon   and  English  chronicles  we    have 


plenty  ;  but  of  Welsh  not  one,  I  think,  has  yet 
been  Englished  and  printed.  Gildas  was  indeed 
a  Welshman,  as  was  Geoffrey  of  Monmouth  ;  but ' 
one  is  too  curt,  and  the  other  too  doubtful  to  be 
of  much  use  to  a  student  anxious  to  know  the 
state  of  our  ancient  British  Church  before  the 
first  aggression  upon  it  in  596. 

I  am  not  a  AVelshman,  and  a  visit  to  Oxford 
would,  therefore,  be  of  no  use  ;  but  I  beg  to  ask 
any  of  your  learned  correspondents  for  such  in- 
formation as  they  may  be  in  a  position  to  furnish, 
relative  to  the  real  age  and  contents  of  the  three 
Welsh  chronicles  mentioned  by  Mr.  Turner. 

After  Rome  had  gradually  changed  the  dogma 
and  form  of  our  ancient  British  Church,  the  chro- 
niclers—  the  Papal  I  mean — very  naturally  noted 
only  such  facts  as  touched  the  Papal  pole,  and  in 
such  way  as  most  to  favour  it.  There  is,  too,  not 
a  little  ground  to  suspect  that,  from  596  to  1170, 
Welsh  MSS.  were  caught  up  and  destroyed,  in 
order  to  darken  the  history  of  our  ancient  Church. 
There  is  too  much  proof  of  this.  If,  then,  the 
above  chronicles  are  valuable,  information  of  the 
fact  will  oblige  ANGLOFIDIUS. 

Bath. 

[A  full  description  of  the  contents  of  this  "Codex 
Cambro-Britannus  membranaceus"  is  printed  in  the  Rev. 
H.  0.  Coxe's  valuable  Catalogue  of  the  MSS.  in  the  Col- 
leges at  Oxford,  vol.  ii.,  Jesus  College,  art.  cxi.  The  Red 
Book  of  Hengest  is  of  the  fourteenth  century,  and  con- 
tains, besides  poems,  the  prose  romances  known  as  the 
Mabinogiort,  and  which  were  so  admirably  edited  a  few 
years  since  by  Lady  Charlotte  Guest.  The  only  Welsh 
documents  that  have  as  yet  been  published  are  "the  His- 
torical Triads,  translated  by  the  late  Mr.  Parry,  editor  of 
the  Cambro- Briton,  and  contained  in  that  publication, 
and  likewise  by  Mr.  William  Probert,  of  Alnwick,  in  his 
Laws  of  Howell  the  Good,  Historical  Triads,  8fc.  Much 
pertaining  to  the  religious  system  of  the  ancient  Britons 
will  also  be  found  in  the  Appendix  to  Edward  Williams's 
Poems,  whence  the  late  Sir  Richard  ColtHoare,  the  author 
of  Ancient  Wiltshire,  §*c.,  drew  his  information.  Consult 
also  Rees's  Welsh  Saints,8vo.  1836,  and  Williams's  Eccle- 
siastical Antiquities  of  the  Cymry,  8vo.  1844.Q 

"  GUMPTION."  —  Can  any  of  the  readers  of  "  N. 
&  Q."  inform  me  of  the  derivation  of  this  common 
word  ?  MERRICK  CHRYOSTOM,  M.A. 

[The  few  lexicographers,  who  insert  the  word  "gump- 
tion "  at  all,  note  it  as  "  vulgar."  Many  -words,  it  is 
true,  have  been  vulgarised  by  use ;  but  they  are  gentle- 
men who  have  seen  better  days ;  and  the  antecedents  of 
some  of  them  are  highly  respectable.  The  proposed  de- 
rivations of  gumption  are  various.  Gumption  has  been 
derived  from  the  A.-S.  gymene,  care.  That  will  hardly 
do.  Next,  "comptio"  has  a  good  claim.  Comptus  is 
smart  (in  respect  to  dress).  Comptio  is  mediaeval,  in 
form  akin  to  comptus.  Could  it  be  shown  (but  here  is 
the  difficulty)  that  comptio  ever  signified  smartness,  we 
should  feel  little  hesitation  in  presenting  comptio  as  the 
origin  of  gumption. 

We  referred  the  question  to  an  eminent  etymological 
friend,  who  suggests  that  "  gumptious,"  which  he  deems 
the  immediate  origin  of  gumption,  and  in  its  proper  sense 
allied  to  gumption  in  meaning,  is  merely  a  modified  form 
of  the  Latin  adjective  conscius  (used  in  the  sense  of  the 


126 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2n*S.  IX.  FEB.  18. '60. 


less  common  word,  scius,  knowing).  This  does  seem  a 
little  far -fetched.  "But  first  observe,"  says  our  friend, 
"that  con  in  conscius  is  only  cum  in  composition;  there- 
fore, conscius  is  properly  cum- scius.  Next  bear  in  mind 
that  the  Latin  c  (hard)  was  frequently  softened  into  g. 
Thus  Caius,  as  Terentius  Maurns  reminds  us,  was  pro- 
nounced Gains  ;  and  accordingly,  for  legio,  pugnando,  we 
find  in  Latin  inscriptions  lecio,  pucnando,  &c. ;  so  that 
conscius  might  have  been  pronounced  gonscius,  and  cum- 
scius,  gum-scius.  which  is  not  so  very  far  from  gumptious.", 

"  And  with  regard  to  the  Latin  word  conscius,"  adds 
our  friend,  "don't  forget  this;  that  it  is  not  only  con- 
scious subjectively,  as  where  a  person  is  aware  of  some- 
thing in  himself,  but  conscious  objectively,  i.  e.  knowing, 
or  aware  of,  something  out  of  oneself.  "  Facere  aliquem 
conscium"  to  inform  any  one;  "His  de  rebus  conscium 
esse"  to  be  aware  of.  So  in  Med.  Lat. :  "  Cogitavi  vobis 
facere  conscientiam,  id  est,  vobis  notum  facere."  If  then 
we  view  gumptious  as  an  adjective -form  of  gumption, 
and  consequently  as,  in  its  proper  meaning,  equivalent  to 
knowing,  intelligent,  it  will  follow  that  the  Lat.  conscius 
(cum-scius,  gum-scius,)  comes  nearer  to  gumptious  than 
might  at  first  be  supposed,  in  signification  as  well  as  in 
form." — Very  clever,  all  this;  but  questionable,  we  fear. 

Another  explanation,  however,  has  been  offered,  and  we 
incline  to  it.  "A  person  of  great  gumption"  is  merely 
short  for  "  a  person  of  great  comprehension."  Kespecting 
the  contraction  thus  suggested,  this  is  what  we  would 
say :  "  Our  choice  vernacular  is  fully  capable  of  such  an 
atrocity."  Comprehension,  if  thus  shortened  into  gump- 
tion, has  undergone  a  process  of  evisceration,  similar  to 
that  by  which  Cholmondeley  becomes  Cholmley,  Wri- 
othesley  Wresley,  and  Brighthelmstone  Brighton.  Com- 
prehension, compsion,  gumption. — After  all,  it  will  not 
break  our  heart,  if  any  of  our  readers  can  set  aside  the 
whole  of  the  above  derivations  by  a  better.] 

WM.  STUART,  ABP.  OF  ARMAGH. — In  a  copy  of 
Heylyn's  History  of  the  Reformation,  fol.,  London, 
1660-61,  I  find  the  text  has  been  carefully  read, 
and  abundantly  underlined  in  red  ink.  At  the 
end  of  the  history  of  Queen  Mary  occurs  the  fol- 
lowing MS.  note  in  red  ink  :  — 

"  I  Dont  much  approve  of  the  Style  in  which  the  fore- 
going Reign  is  written. 

"  Wm  Steuart,  Abp.  of  Armagh,  Primate  of  Ireland." 

From  p.  25.  to  p.  62.  of  this  history  the  leaves 
have  been  cut  through  the  centre  with  a  knife. 
Can  you  give  me  any  information  concerning  this 
"  Wm.  Steuart  ?"  Is  it  likely  or  possible  that  his 
critical  indignation  could  have  transformed  the 
archbishop  into  a  Jehudi  (v.  Jer.  xxxvi.  23.)  ? 
Why  does  he  sign  his  name,  in  the  place  above- 
mentioned,  with  the  addition  of  his  titles  ? 

C.  LE  POER  KENNEDY. 

St.  Albans. 

[The  Hon.  William  Stuart,  D.D.,  was  the  fifth  son  of 
John  the  third  Earl  of  Bute,  by  Mary,  only  daughter  of 
Edward  Wortley  Montagu,  and  the  celebrated  Lady  Mary 
Wortley  Montagu.  He  was  educated  at  Wincheste"r 
school,  and  became  a  member  of  St.  John's  College,  Cam- 
bridge. One  of  his  first  preferments  was  the  vicarage  of 
Luton,  Beds.  About  this  time,  Boswell,  in  his  Life  of 
Johnson  (Croker's  edit.,  1853,  p.  723.),  thus  speaks  of 
him :  "  On  April  10, 1782, 1  introduced  to  him  [Johnson], 
at  his  house  in  Bolt  Court,  the  Hon.  and  Rev.  Wm. 
Stuart,  son  of  the  Earl  of  Bute,  a  gentleman  truly  worthy 
of  being  known  to  Johnson ;  being,  with  all  the  advan- 


L 


tages  of  high  birth,  learning,  travel,  and  elegant  man- 
ners, an  exemplary  parish  priest  in  every  respect."  Dr. 
Stuart  was  consecrated  Bishop  of  St.  David's  in  1793,  trans  - 
lated  to  Armagh  by  patent,  dated  Nov.  22nd,  1800,  and 
enthroned  on  Dec.  8th.  He  died  in  Hill  Street,  Berkeley 
Square,  from  accidentally  taking  an  improper  medicine, 
on  Gth  Ma}r,  1822,  aged  sixty-eight,  and  was  buried  at 
Luton  Park  in  Bedfordshire.  In  Armagh  cathedral  is  a 
full-length  marble  figure  of  the  archbishop  in  the  atti- 
tude of  prayer.] 

GENDER  or  CARROSSE. — The  following  extract 
from  a  leading  article  in  The  Times  of  January 
25th,  may  not  be  undeserving  of  being  made  a 
note  of :  — 

"  When  Louis  XIV.  inadvertently  called  for  «'  mon 
carrosse,"  the  gender  of  the  noun  was  immediately  changed, 
and  carrosse,  which,  according  to  all  the  analogies  of  the 
language,  ought  to  be  feminine,  has  been  masculine  ever 
since." 

F.  D.  C. 

[Another  correspondent  questions  the  accuracy  of  the 
above ;  but  there  cannot  be  the  least  doubt  that  carrosse, 
as  The  Times  represents,  was  formerly  feminine.  Cot- 
grave  is  not  particular  in  giving  the  genders  of  French 
nouns ;  but  in  his  Dictionary,  edit.  1632,  we  find  carrosse 
feminine.  Examples  are  abundant :  — 

"  D'ou  vien          ..... 
Que  toujours  d'un  valet  la  carrosse  est  suivie  ?  " 

Segnier. 
"  Du  bruit  de  sa  carrosse  importune  le  Louvre.' 

Theophil 

The  Romance  carruga  was  also  feminine :  —  "  Las 
rugas  cargadas"  "  en  la  carruga."  Cf.  Raynouard  and 
Bescherelle.  "  Ce  mot  [carosse]  e'tait  du  feminin  primi- 
tivement."  The  Grand  Monarque,  however,  if  he  spoke 
bad  French,  spoke  good  Italian:  carroccio  being,  of 
course,  masculine.] 

ANONYMOUS  BALLAD  OPERA.  —  A  Wonder  ;  or, 
An  Honest  Yorlishireman,  a  ballad  opera :  by  whom 
written  ?  when  and  where  first  performed  ? 

C.  J.  D.  INGLEDEW. 

[This  ballad  opera  is  by  Henry  Carey.  Two  editions 
were  published  in  1736  with  different  title-pages.  I.  A 
Wonder:  or,  An  Honest  Yorkshire.- Man.  A  Ballad 
Opera,  as  it  is  perform'd  at  the  Theatres  with  Universal 
Applause.  London:  Printed  for  Ed.  Cook.  8vo.  1736. 
(Anon.}  2.  The  Honest  Yorkshire- Man.  A  Ballad  Farce. 
Refus'd  to  be  acted  at  Drury-Lane  Playhouse :  but  now 
perform'd  at  the  New  Theatre  in  Goodman's  Fields,  with 
great  applause.  Written  by  Mr.  Carey.  London :  Printed 
for  L.  Gilliver  and  J.  Clarke.  12mo."  1736.  Price  Three- 
pence.  From  the  Preface  to  the  latter  it  seems  to  have 
been  acted  for  one  night  only  at  Drury  Lane  in  1735. 
The  author  states,  that  «'  from  the  very  generous  recep- 
tion this  Farce  has  met  with  from  the  publick  during  its 
representation  in  the  Haymarket  last  summer,  and  Good- 
man's Fields  this  winter,  is  a  manifestation  of  the  bad 
taste  and  monstrous  partiality  of  the  great  Mogul  of  the 
Hundreds  of  Drury  [Fleetwpod?],  who,  after  having  had 
the  copy  nine  months  in  his  hands,  continually  feeding 
me  with  fresh  promises  of  bringing  it  on  the  stage,  re- 
turned it  at  last  in  a  very  ungenerous  manner,  at  the 
end  of  the  season,  when  it  was  too  late  to  carry  it  to  any 
other  house;  but  the  young  actors  having,  as  usual, 
formed  themselves  into  a  summer  company,  Mr.  Gibber, 
Jun.,  sent  to  me  in  a  very  respectful  manner,  requesting 
the  Farce,  which  accordingly  was  put  in  rehearsal ;  but 


2«"'  S.  IX.  FEB.  18.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


127 


to  our  great  disappointment  and  surprise  the  company, 
after  one  night's  acting,  was  suddenly  interdicted,  and 
the  house  shut  up."  At  the  end  of  the  Preface,  Carey 
bitterly  complains  of  the  Curlls  of  his  day —  those  pira- 
tical printers  who 

"  Rob  me  of  my  gain, 
And  reap  the  labour'd  harvest  of  my  brain."] 


DOMINUS  REGNAVIT  A  LIGNO. 
PSALTERIUM  GILECUM  VERONENSE. 

(2nd  S.  viii.  470.516.) 

B.  H.  C.  asks,  "  Do  any  MSS.  of  the  Latin  Vul- 
gate contain  these  words  [a  ligno]  as  part  of  the 
text  ?  "  The  reply  must  be  to  this  inquiry  that 
the  Psalter  in  the  Vulgate  is  the  Galilean,  and  as 
that  does  not  contain  "  &  ligno,"  it  is  vain  for  us 
to  seek  it  in  the  copies  of  the  Vulgate.  It  is 
found  in  the  Psalterium  Veins,  the  version  made 
from  the  unrevised  copies  of  the  LXX.  and  in 
the  Romanum,  the  same  translation  slightly  cor- 
rected by  Jerome,  and  adopted  at  Rome  and  in 
the  cathedral  at  Canterbury ;  while  in  the  Galli- 
canum  the  version  made  by  Jerome  from  the  re- 
vised LXX.,  and  used  by  the  Gallican  Church, 
the  words  did  not  appear  any  more  than  they  did 
in  the  Hebraicum,  or  Jerome's  version  from  the 
Hebrew.  (The  Psalms  are  the  only  part  of  the 
Vulgate  in  which  Jerome's  version  from  the 
LXX.  is  adopted  instead  of  that  taken  from  the 
Hebrew,  even  though  readings  of  the  old  version 
from  the  Greek  have  occasionally  found  their  way 
into  other  parts  of  the  Vulgate  as  now  used  by 
the  Church  of  Rome.) 

MR.  BOYS  inquires  if  anything  is  known  of  the 
Psalterium  Gr&cum  Veronense.  The  whole  of  this 
very  ancient  copy  of  the  Psalterium  Grceco-La- 
tinum  was  published  by  Bianchini  in  his  Vindiciee 
Canonicarum  Scripturarum  (Rome,  1740).  The 
Greek  text  is  written  in  Latin  letters:  its  pro- 
bable date  is  prior  to  the  middle  of  the  fifth  cen- 
tury. The  Greek  text  of  this  clause  runs  thus  : 
"O  Quirios  ebasileusen  apo  xylu."  The  Latin 
text  is  that  of  the  Psalterium  Vetus.  This  Verona 
Codex  has  been  strangely  neglected  by  editors  of 
the  LXX. ;  its  readings  are  not  even  given  in  the 
it  edition  of  Holmes  and  Parsons,  though  it 
seems  as  if  this  is  perhaps  the  only  copy  now  ac- 
cessible which  contains  the  Psalms  in  the  un- 
revised LXX.,  such  as -was  current  in  the  second 
century,  and  which  was  used  for  the  old  Latin 
translation. 

One  MS.  of  those  collated  by  Holmes  and  Par- 
sons has  the  addition  after  a  fashion,  "  on.  Kvptos 
tScunXevfff  UTTO  T«  |uAcw  (sic)  156."     In  the  list  of 
prefixed  to  the  Psalms  the  editors  thus  de- 
scribe this  codex :  — 

"  156.  Codex  Biblioth.  Basilieus.  signat.  A.  vii.  3.  mem 


branaceus,  forma?  quartse,  admodum  antiquus,  accentibus 
iestitutus,  ct  versione  Latina  interlinear!  prseditus." 

I  know  of  no  other  Greek  authorities  for  this 
addition  as  part  of  the  text,  though  it  must  have 
been  there  when  Justin  and  others  made  their 
citations.  It  does  not  appear  in  the  Syriac  ver- 
sion of  the  Hexaplar  text  (Milan,  1820). 

It  is  often  impossible  to  say  kow  readings  in  the 
LXX.  originated :  some  of  those  in  the  Psalms 
arise  from  the  Rubrics  still  found  in  the  Jewish 
service  books.  This,  however,  seems  to  be  con- 
nected with  <"tt[J'"'V.5r')?  in  ver.  12.  May  not  part 
of  this  have  been  accidentally  misplaced?  and 
may  not  the  Greek  translator  have  read  fV.  ^£> 
or  something  of  the  kind  ? 

As  F.  C.  H.  (p.  518.)  speaks  of  the  martyrdom 
of  Justin  as  having  taken  place  A.  D.  167,  as 
though  this  were  undoubted,  may  I  be  allowed 
to  refer  to  a  paper  in  No.  VIII.  of  the  Journal 
of  Classical  and  Sacred  Philology  (Cambridge, 
June,  1856),  pp.  155—193.,  "On  the  Date  of 
Justin  Martyr,"  by  the  Rev.  Fenton  J.  A.  Hort, 
who  gives,  I  think,  good  reasons  for  supposing 
that  it  occurred  nearly  twenty  years  earlier  (about 
A.D.  148).  S.  P.  TREGELLES. 

REV.  ALEXANDER  KILHAM. 
(2nd  S.  viii.  514.) 

The  Rev.  Alexander  Kilbam,  founder  of  the  body 
known  as  the  Methodist  New  Connexion,  was  born 
at  Epworth,  in  the  Isle  of  Axholme,  on  the  10th  of 
July,  1762.  He  died  on  the  20th  of  December, 
1 798.  His  parents  were  members  of  the  Wesley  an 
Methodist  Society,  which  he  himself  joined  early  in 
life.  His  first  attempt  as  a  preacher  was  at  Lud- 
dington,  a  village  but  a  few  miles  from  the  place 
of  his  birth.  He  afterwards,  in  company  with 
Mr.  Brackenbury,  visited  Jersey  on  a  mission  re- 
lative to  the  affairs  of  the  Wesleyan  body.  He 
married,  in  1788,  a  Miss  Grey  of  Scarborough, 
who  died  in  1796 ;  in  April,  1798,  he  again  mar- 
ried. The  maiden  name  of  his  second  wife  was 
Spurr.  The  marriage  took  place  at  Sheffield. 
His  secession,  expulsion  perhaps  I  should  say, 
from  the  Methodist  Connexion  took  place  in  1792. 
He  was  the  author  of  many  pamphlets  relative  to 
the  affairs  of  the  Wesleyans,  and  those  with  whom 
they  were  from  time  to  time  in  controversy.  I 
regret  that  I  am  unable  to  furnish  a  list  of  his 
writings ;  but  as  many  were  issued  anonymously, 
it  is  difficult  to  identify  them. 

The  above  are  all  the  facts  I  have  been  able  to 
gather  relative  to  Alexander  Kilham;  for  any- 
thing additional  thereto,  I  shall  be  obliged  to  the 
readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  A  Life  of  Kilham  was 
issued  the  year  after  his  death  (1799)  by  Mr.  John 
Grundell  and  Mr.  Robert  Hall,  but  it  is  very 
scarce;  so  much  so,  that  although  I  have  fre- 


128 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES, 


C"2n«  S.  IX.  FEB.  18.  'GO. 


quently  made  inquiries  for  it,  I  have  never  met 
with  a  copy.  A  sketch  of  his  career,  abridged 
from  the  above  work,  may  be  found  in  W.  Peck's 
Topographical  Account  of  the  Ide  of  Axholme, 
4to.,  1815,  p.  262.  EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

Bottesford  Manor,  Brigg. 

P.S.  Since  writing  the  above,  I  have  been  fur- 
nished with  the  following  list  of  Kilham's  works. 
I  believe  it  not  to  be  complete.  It  is  however,  I 
understand,  the  only  Catalogue  of  his  writings 
that  has  ever  been  attempted,  and  as  such  is  worth 
a  place  in  "N.  &  Q."  for  the  sake  of  future 
bibliographers  :  — 

On  Horse  Races,  Cards,  Playhouses,  and  Dancing. 
12mo.  Aberdeen,  1793. 

The  Hypocrite  detected  and  exposed,  and  the  True 
Christian  vindicated  and  supported:  A  Sermon.  12mo. 
Aberdeen,  1794. 

The  Progress  of  Liberty  amongst  the  Methodists,  with 
Outlines  of  a  Constitution.  12mo.  London,  1795. 

Kilham's  Remarks  on  an  Explanation  of  Mr.  Kilham's 
Statement  of  the  Preacher's  Allowance.  12mo.  Not- 
tingham, 1796. 

A  Candid  Examination  of  the  London  Methodistical 
Bull.  12mo.  London,  1796. 

Kilham's  Account  of  his  Trial  before  the  Special  Dis- 
trict Meeting  at  Newcastle.  12mo.  Alnwick,  1796. 

Minutes  of  the  Examination  of  the  Rev.  Alexander 
Kilham  before  the  General  Conference  in  Lyndon.  12mo. 
London,  1796. 

Kilham's  Account  of  his  Trial  before  the  General  Con- 
ference in  London.  12mo.  Nottingham,  1796. 

Defence  of  the  Account  of  the  Trial  of  Rev.  Alexander 
Kilham  before  the  Conference,  in  Answer  to  Mather, 
Pawson,  and  Benson.  12mo.  Leeds,  1796. 

The  Methodist  Monitor,  or  Moral  and  Religious  Re- 
pository. 2  vols.  12mo.  Leeds.  Vol.  I.,  179G.  Vol.  II., 
1797. 

The  Life  of  the  Rev.  Alexander  Kilhafh,  with  Extracts 
of  Letters  written  by  a  Number  of  Preachers  to  Mr. 
Kilham.  12mo.  Nottingham,  1799. 

Review  of  the  Conduct  and  Character  of  Mr.  Kilham, 
by  a  Friend.  12mo.  Leeds,  1800. 

Kilham  (Alexander),  Life  of;  including  a  full  Account 
of  the  Disputes  which  occasioned  the  Separation  [from 
the  Wesleyan  Connexion].  8vo.  London,  1838. 


DR.  HICKES'S  MANUSCRIPTS. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  71.  88.  105.) 

Allow  me  to  assure  your  readers  that  the 
Hickes  Correspondence,  alleged  to  have  been 
burned,  is  perfectly  safe,  for  I  have  this  day  (Feb. 
13th,  1860)  had  the  pleasure  of  seeing  it,  and 
also  some  more  important  MSS.  of  the  period 
which  had  been  preserved  with  it.  Probably 
your  informant  inferred  that  it  was  destroyed 
from  having  learned  that  some  of  Hickes's  letters 
were  amongst  the  papers  burned  on  the  occasion 
to  which  he  alludes.  It  is  true  that  a  few  of  his 
letters  were  then  burned,  but  they  had  been  care- 
fully examined  beforehand,  and  were  found  not 
to  possess  any  value  whatever  except  as  auto- 
graphs, F.  R- 


DEAN  GEO.  HICKES.  —  It  may  perhaps  stay  the 
hand  of  the  Vandals,  bankers  or  others,  who  con- 
sider everything  written  before  this  century  as 
unworthy  of  a  better  fate  than  burning,  if  they 
learn  that  old  papers,  however  intrinsically  worth- 
less in  their  eyes,  have  yet  a  value — even  a  money 
value — in  the  opinion  of  some  of  their  contem- 
poraries. As  a  contribution  to  the  diffusion  of 
this  piece  of  "  Useful  Knowledge,"  and  as  some 
slight  compensation  for  a  shameful  wrong  done  to 
a  learned  man's  memory,  I  send  a  few  notes, 
which  may,  I  hope,  open  the  larger  stores  of 
better  informed  readers  :  — 

See  the  Biogr.  Brit.  (Supplement) ;  John 
Nichols's  Lit.  Anecd.  and  lllustr.,  Chauffepie  and 
Chalmers ;  Whittaker's  Richmondshire  ;  Lath- 
bury 's  Noiijurors ;  D'Oyly's  Life  of  Sancroft ;  and 
Mr.  Secretan's  valuable  Life  o/  Rolt.  Nelson  (add 
p.  288.  to  the  references  given  in  the  Index  under 
Hiches).  The  Indexes  to  Wood's  Athence  and 
Fasti,  Reliquice  Hearniance ;  Bohun's  Autobio- 
graphy ;  Birch's  Life  of  Tillotson,  and  the  Diaries 
of  Luttrell,  Pepys,  and  Thoresby ;  Letters  from 
the  Bodleian ;  Thesaurus  Epistolicus  Lacrozianus 
(Index  to  Vol.  I.) ;  J.  A.  Fabricii  Vita,  p.  157.  ; 
Waterland's  Works  (Van  Mildert's  Index)  ;  Ken- 
neths Life,  pp.  12.  34.  47.  seq.,  160.;  Calamy's 
Own  Times,  ii.  337.  seq. ;  European  Magazine, 
Dec.  1792,  p.  413. ;  Nelson's  Life  of  Bull,  p.  439. ; 
Duntorfs  Life  ;  Burnet's  Own  Times.  His  gift  to 
Sion  College  is  recorded  in  Reading's  State  of 
Sion  College,  p.  43.  In  1703  he  published  a  trans- 
lation from  Fenelon's  Telemaque ;  his  Instructions 
for  the  Education  of  a  Daughter,  from  the  same 
author,  have  passed  through  many  editions.  In 
1717,  Susanna  Hopton's  Meditations  and  Devo- 
tions, revised  by  him,  were  published  in  8vo. 

Of  his  letters  some  have  been  published  by  Sir 
H.  Ellis  (Original  Letters  and  Letters  of  Eminent 
Literary  Men)  ;  some  both  to  and  from  him  by 
Nichols  in  Bp.  Nicol son's  Correspondence ;  a  letter 
to  Charlett  (Nov.  24,  1694)  in  the  European 
Magazine  for  May,  1797,  p.  329. ;  another  in  Dr. 
Zouch's  Works,  ii.  106. 

John  Lewis  of  Margate  wrote  a  Life  of  Hickes 
(Masters's  Hist.  C.  C.  C.  C\).  Where  is  this  ?* 

John  Hickes,  brother  to  George,  occurs  in  Ca- 
lamy's Account,  p.  248. ;  and  Conciliation,  p.  336. f 

J.  E.  B.  MAYOR. 

St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 


SCOTTISH  COLLEGE  AT  PARIS. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  80.) 

The  Scottish  College  was  situated  in  the  Rue 
des  Fosses-Saint- Victor.  It  is  now,  I  believe,  a 
Lycee.  The  principal  MSS.  relative  to  the  resi- 

[*  Inquired  after  in  our  2nd  S.  vi.  149.— ED.] 

f  Or  330. ;  the  last  figure  is  blotted  in  my  note-book. 


2'ld  S.  IX.  FEU.  18.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


129 


denco  of  James  II.  and  the  Pretender  at  St.  Ger- 
main-en-Laye  are  preserved  in  the  French  Ar- 
chives. The  most  important  are  locked  up  in 
the  Secret  Archives,  and  are  therefore  inacces- 
sible to  foreigners.  Miss  Strickland,  however, 
gained  access  to  them  through  the  influence  of 
M.  Guizot,  and  has  availed  herself  to  some  ex- 
tent of  the  knowledge  thus  acquired,  in  her  life  of 
James's  Queen,  Mary  Beatrice  of  Modena.  The 
Scottish  College  contained  a  marble  cenotaph 
erected  to  the  memory  of  James  II.  by  the  Duke 
of  Perth,  on  which  was  placed  a  bronze-gilt  urn 
containing  the  king's  brain.  His  heart  was  con- 
signed to  the  Convent  of  the  Visitation  at  Chaillot, 
which  possessed  also  the  heart  of  his  mother  Hen- 
riette  Marie.  His  body  was  deposited  in  the 
Church  of  the  English  Benedictines,  in  the  Rue 
du  Faubourg  St.  Jacques,  and  there  remained 
uriburied  during  the  space  of  ninety-two  years  — 
from  1701  to  1793  —  waiting  the  time  when,  ac- 
cording to  the  directions  of  his  will,  it  might  be 
buried  with  his  ancestors  in  Westminster  Abbey  ! 
The  way  in  which  it  was  at  length  disposed  of  is 
thus  described  by  an  eye-witness,  Mr.  Fitz- 
Simons,  and  quoted  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Oliver,  Col- 
lections, p.  488. :  — 

"  I  was  a  prisoner  in  Paris,  in  the  Convent  of  the  Eng- 
lish Benedictines,  in  the  Rue  St.  Jacques,  during  part  of 
the  Revolution.  In  the  year  1793  or  1794,  the  body  of 
King  James  II.  of  England  was  in  one  of  the  Chapels 
there,  where  it  had  been  deposited  some  time,  under  the 
expectation  that  it  would  one  day  be  sent  to  England  for 
interment  in  Westminster  Abbey.  It  had  never  been 
buried.  The  body  was  in  a  wooden  coffin,  inclosed  in  a 
leaden  one,  and  that  again  inclosed  in  a  second  wooden 
one,  covered  with  black  velvet.  While  I  was  so  a  prisoner, 
the  sans-culottes  broke  open  the  coffin,  to  get  at  the  lead, 
to  cast  into  bullets.  The  body  lay  exposed  nearly  a 
whole  day.  It  was  swaddled  like  a  mummy,  bound  tight 
with  garters.  The  sans-culottes  took  out  the  body, 
which  had  been  embalmed.  There  was  a  strong  smell  of 
vinegar  and  camphor.  The  corpse  was  beautiful  and 
perfect;  the  hands  and  nails  were  very  fine;  I  moved 
and  bent  every  finger.  I  never  saw  so  fine  a  set  of  teeth 
in  my  life.  A  j'oung  lady,  a  fellow- prisoner,  wished 
much  to  have  a  tooth ;  I  tried  to  get  one  out  for  her,  but 
could  not,  they  were  so  firmly  fixed.  The  feet  also  were 
very  beautiful.  The  face  and  cheeks  were  just  as  if  he 
were  alive.  I  rolled  his  eyes,  and  the  eye-balls  were 
perfectly  firm  under  my  finger.  The  French  and  English 
prisoners  gave  money  to  the  sans-culottes  for  showing 
the  body.  They  said  he  was  a  good  sans-culotte,  and 
they  were  going  to  put  him  into  a  hole,  in  the  public 
churchyard,  like  other  sans-culottes ;  and  he  was  car- 
ried away,  but  where  the  body  was  thrown,  I  never 
heard.  King  George  IV.  tried  all  in  his  power  to  get 
tidings  of  the  body,  but  could  not.  Around  the  chapel 
were  several  wax  moulds  of  the  face  hung  up,  made  pro- 
bably at  the  time  of  the  king's  death;  and  the  corpse  was 
very  like  them." 

Mr.  Banks,  in  his  Dormant  and  Extinct  Peer- 
ages, vol.  iv.  450.  quotes  the  Paris  papers,  af- 
firming that  the  royal  remains  were  discovered 
and  transferred  to  the  Church  of  St.  Germain-en- 
Laye,  conformably,  as  was  said,  to  orders  given 


by  King  George  IV.  to  his  ambassador  at  Paris ; 
that  this  interesting  ceremony  took  place  on  the 
10th  Sept.  1824;  and  that  the  ambassador  was 
represented  by  Mr.  Sheldon,  a  Catholic  gentle- 
man, the  Bishop  of  Edinburgh  performing  the 
ceremony.  JOHN  WILLIAMS. 

Arno's  Court. 


PHILIP  ROBENS  (2nd  S.  ix.  75,  76.)  —  May  I 
be  allowed  to  remark,  that  the  letters  to  Peter 
Paul  Rubens,  which  CL.  HOPPER  states  "  would 
have  made  an  important  augmentation  to  the  re- 
cently published  Rubens'  Papers"  could  scarcely 
have  been  included  in  a  volume  which  professes 
to  print  only  the  unpublished  papers  preserved  in 
H.  M.'s  State  Paper  Office.  There  are  in  that 
volume,  'tis  true,  three  or  four  exceptions  ;  but 
they  are  letters  of  considerable  interest,  and 
written  by  the  great  artist  himself.  There  are, 
doubtless,  numerous  papers  relating  to  Rubens 
distributed  in  many  parts  of  the  world. 

I  would  take  this  opportunity  of  urging  upon 
those  contributors  to  "JN".  &  Q."  who  neglect  to 
do  so,  the  importance  of  giving  authorities  for 
their  statements,  where  practicable.  Whenever 
MSS.  are  referred  to,  I  do  think  it  essential  that 
readers  should  be  enabled  to  verify  their  authen- 
ticity as  well  as  their  accuracy.  When  a  volume 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  is  consulted  for  reference,  how 
much  more  satisfactory  and  valuable  will  that  re- 
ference be,  if  it  be  added  where  the  particular 
document  may  be  found  ;  so  that,  if  requisite,  the 
printed  copy  may  be  compared  with  the  original, 
or  who  are  the  authorities  quoted,  that  they  also 
may  be  verified.  W.  NOEL  SAINSBURY. 

COCKADE  (2nd  S.  viii.  37.)  —  On  the  question 
whether  the  servants  of  gentlemen  who  are  non- 
commissioned officers  and  privates  in  Volunteer 
Rifle  Corps  should  wear  cockades,  I  thought  that 
a  precedent  might  be  obtained  from  the  City 
Light  Horse  Volunteers  —  a  corps  which  existed 
from  the  end  of  the  last  century  to  about  the 
time  of  the  passing  of  the  Reform  Bill.  The 
members  of  it  were  all  gentlemen,  who  among 
themselves  defrayed  the  entire  expenses  of  the 
corps,  and  no  one  was  admitted  into  it  who  did 
not  keep  a  horse  worth  300  guineas;  and  it  is  sup- 
posed to  have  been  the  finest  corps  of  light 
cavalry  that  ever  exisited.  At  the  beginning  of 
the  present  year  I  met  one  who  was  for  many 
years  a  member  of  this  splendid  corps,  now  a 
D.  L.  and  J.  P.  of  his  county,  and  I  asked  him  if 
the  servants  of  the  non-commissioned  officers  and 
privates  of  the  City  Light  Horse  Volunteers  wore 
cockades?  He  replied,  "Never;  no  one  ever 
thought  of  such  a  thing ;  indeed  I  am  certain  they 
did  not,  and  that  none  of  my  servants  wore  cock- 
ades." F.  A.  CAREINGTON. 

Ogborne  St.  George. 


130 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  FEB.  18.  'GO. 


DINNER  ETIQUETTE  (2nd  S.  ix.  81.) — Your  cor- 
respondent, CI-DEVANT,  has  thrown  good  light 
on  the  question  of  dinner  etiquette,  as  raised 
in  Fraser's  Magazine  for  January  last,  in  a  paper 
containing  a  reference  to  Miss  Austen's  Emma. 
With  regard  to  the  very  interesting  extract  pro- 
duced by  him  from  the  Memoirs  of  Madame  de 
GenliSj  I  have  a  letter  from  a  lady  well  qualified 
by  experience  and  position  to  speak  on  the  sub- 
ject. She  writes :  — 

"  It  seems  odd  that  Napoleon  did  not  bring  back  the 
old  Court  etiquette ;  and  still  more  so  that  the  emigrant 
nobles  should  have  taken  to  the  revolutionary!  modes. 
When  I  accompanied  C.  to  Paris  in  1814,  the  Noah's  ark 
plan  was  followed  by  the  Bourbon  noblesse,  with  several 
of  whom  we  dined.  Our  first  dinner  was  one  given  by 
the  Due  de  Fleury.  The  new  French  ministers,  includ- 
ing the  Due  de  Blacas,  were  present.  I  was  handed  into 
the  dining-room  by  a  French  gentleman  (whose  name  I 
forget),  whom  I  afterwards  also  met  at  all  the  grand 
balls  given  by  the  King  of  Prussia  and  the  various  Am- 
bassadors. Each  gentleman  held  his  hand  towards  the 
lady  he  escorted,  and  she  placed  on  it  the  tips  of  her 
fingers.  Our  names  were  all  written  on  slips  of  paper 
placed  opposite  to  our  seats  at  table.  Our  next  dinner 
was  at  Lafitte's,  so  that  we  had  an  immediate  oppor- 
tunity of  comparing  the  ways  of  the  rich  parvenus  with 
those  of  the  old  noblesse ;  but  all  was  conducted  alike  in 
both  sets.  At  home,  my  father  always  handed  his  lady 
to  table.  He  could  not  bear  what  he  called  the  new 
fashion  of  ladies  leaning  upon  gentlemen's  arms." 

I  have  it  on  the  authority  of  a  venerable  Scot- 
tish lady  that,  in  her  youth  in  Scotland,  the  ladies 
always  left  the  drawing-rooom  first,  and  before  the 
gentlemen,  to  go  in  to  dinner ;  but  I  can  find  no 
evidence  that  this  practice  prevailed  in  London 
society  within  living  memory.  At  Highbury,  and 
in  Mr.  Woodhouse's  circle,  the  manners  of  the 
time  and  class  are  no  doubt  correctly  described 
by  Miss  Austen  in  Emma.  W.  F.  P. 

SEPULCHRES  (2nd  S.  ix.  p.  92.) — Notwithstand- 
ing the  positive  assertion  of  LITURGIST,  supported 
too  as  it  is  by  the  high  authority  to  which  he  re- 
fers, I,  for  one,  would  beg  leave  to  demur  for 
awhile,  and  would  solicit  farther  information  from 
other  ecclesiastical  antiquaries  who  have  turned 
their  attention  to  the  subject,  and  who  may  be 
able  to  give  early  examples  of  ecclesiastics  laid 
with  their  feet  towards  the  west.  * 

In  Willis's  Current  Notes  for  1855  (p.  44.)  there 
is  an  interesting  article  by  the  vicar  of  Morwen- 
stow  on  the  position  of  the  buried  dead ;  and 
therein  he  mentions  an  abbot's  sepulchre  in  Clo- 
veily  church,  having  the  feet  laid  towards  the 
west ;  also,  an  early  priest's  grave  in  his  own 
church  in  the  same  direction.  He  speaks  of  others 
of  the  same  sort  "  in  many  an  antique  church," 
and  he  goes  on  lengthily  to  explain  it,  and  quotes 


[*  Our  correspondent  has  probably  overlooked  an  able 
article  on  this  subject  in  our  I8t  S.  ii.  452.,  in  reply  to  the 
Vicar  of  Morwenstow,  from  the  pen  of  one  of  the  most 
learned  of  our  ecclesiastical  antiquaries. — ED.] 


a  rubrical  enactment  (without  reference)  for  the 
burial  of  the  clergy.  "  Habeant  caput  versus 
altare."  •"  It  was,"  to  quote  his  own  words,  "  to 
signify  preparation  and  readiness  to  arise,  and  to 
follow  after  their  Lord  in  the  air,  when  he  shall 
arise  from  the  east,  and,  accompanied  by  his  saints, 
pass  onwards  to  the  west,"  &c.  H.  T.  ELLACOMBE. 

THE  PRUSSIAN  IRON  MEDAL  (2nd  S.  ix.  91.)  — 
Under  this  reference  mention  is  made  by  your 
correspondent  Z.  of  "  D'Allonville's  Memoires 
(Tun  Homme  d'Etat  (Prince  Hardenberg  )'\  I  find 
it  stated  in  the  Encyc.  des  Gens  du  Monde  that 
Prince  Hardenberg  at  his  death  in  1822  left  cer- 
tain memoirs,  but  that  the  MS.  was  impounded  by 
the  King  (of  Prussia),  who  commanded  that  it 
should  not,  be  opened  before  the  year  1850.  On 
the  other  hand,  it  appears  from  the  Nouv.  Biog. 
Gener.  that  d'Allonville  succeeded  A.  de  Beau- 
champ  in  the  redaction  of  the  "  Memoires  tires  des 
Papiers  tfun  Homme  dEtat"  which  bear  the  ear- 
lier date  1831-1837.  Are  these  "Memoires," 
published  before  the  date  assigned  by  the  royal 
ordinance,  the  work  cited  by  Z.?  Whether  or  no, 
where  in  London  might  a  copy  of  "D'Allon- 
ville's Memoires  dun  Homme  d'Etat  (Prince 
Hardenberg)"  be  seen  ?  I  have  made  many  in- 
quiries for  such  a  work,  but  hitherto  without  suc- 
cess. VEDETTE. 

"  THE  VOYAGES,"  ETC.,  or  CAPTAIN  RICHARD 
FALCONER  (2nd  S.  ix.  66.)  — The  edition  of  1724 
is  the  second,  and  has  an  engraved  frontispiece  by 
Cole.  I  never  heard  of  an  edition  of  1734.  Cheth 
wood,  the  author,  also  wrote  a  similar  work  en- 
titled The  Voyages  and  Adventures  of  Captain 
Robert  Boyle  in  several  Parts  of  the  World, 
12mo.,  1728,  and  afterwards  reprinted.  And 
I  have  also  another  production  of  Chetwood, 
entitled : 

"  The  Voyages,  Travels,  and  Adventures  of  William 
Owen  Gwin  Vaughan,  Esq. :  with  the  History  of  his 
Brother  Jonathan  Vaughan,  Six  Years  a  Slave  in  Tunis; 
intermix'd  with  the  Histories  of  Clerimont,  Maria,  Elea- 
nora,  and  others,  full  of  various  turns  of  Fortune.  By 
the  Author  of  Captain  Robert  Boyle."  2  vols.  12mo., 
1760.  2nd  edition,  with  plates  by  Vander  Gutch. 

This  edition  is  dedicated  to  his  Royal  Highness 
the  Prince  of  Wales  by  "R.  Chetwood."  The 
latter  work  is  the  most  amusing  of  the  series,  and 
is  equally  difficult  to  procure  at  the  present  day. 

ALOYSIUS. 

BALLADS  AGAINST  INCLOSURES  (2nd  S.  ix.  64.) — 
The  animosity  excited  against  the  Inclosure  Acts 
and  their  authors,  and  more  especially  against  the 
landlords  and  lords  of  manors,  who  alone  were 
supposed  to  derive  benefit  from  the  spoliation  of 
the  poor  cottager,  was  almost  without  precedent ; 
though  fifty  years  and  more  have  passed,  the  sub- 
ject is  still  a  sore  one  in  many  parishes  :  much  of 
the  indigence  and  misery  caused  by  the  cottager's 


2»d  S.  IX.  FEB.  18.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


131 


own  imprudence  and  folly  is,  up  to  the  present 
time,  laid  at  the  door  of  the  much  maligned  "  In- 
closure  Acts."  I  remember,  some  years  ago,  in 
hunting  over  an  old  library,  discovering  a  box 
full  of  printed  squibs,  satires,  and  ballads  of  the 
time  against  the  Acts  and  those  who  were  sup- 
posed to  favour  them,  —  the  library  having  be- 
longed to  a  gentleman  who  played  an  active  part 
on  the  opposition  side.  I  believe  these  ballads, 
&c.,  were  almost  purely  local,  and,  therefore, 
would  be  of  no  service  to  MR.  PEACOCK,  your  cor- 
respondent, as  they  bore  reference  to  a  county 
very  far  from  Lincolnshire.  One  little  naive 
epigram  I  remember,  which  forcibly  impressed 
itself  on  my  memory  :  — 

"  'Tis  bad  enough  in  man  or  woman 
To  steal  a  goose  from  off  a  common ; 
But  surely  he's  without  excuse 
Who  steals  the  common  from  the  goose." 

EXON. 

DONKEY  (2nd  S.  ix.  83.) — In  reference  to  this 
word,  a  correspondent  in  1st  S.  v.  78.,  after  refer- 
ring to  its  absence  from  our  dictionaries,  adds  : 
"  There  may,  however,  be  doubts  as  to  the  anti- 
quity of  this  term ;  I  have  heard  ancient  men  say 
tliat  it  has  been  introduced  within  their  recollec- 
tion." This  is  confirmed  by  the  circumstance 
that  Mr.  S.  Pegge  (who  died  in  1800)  classes  the 
word  amongst  provincialisms.  In  his  Supplement 
to  Grose's  Provincial  Glossary,  appended  to  Rev. 
H.  Christmas's  edition  (the  3rd)  of  his  Anecdotes 
of  the  English  Language  (1844.  p.  365.),  he  gives : 
"  DONKY,  an  ass.  Essex"  Can  your  correspon- 
dents give  early  instances  of  the  use  of  the  word  ? 
Why  is  a  donkey  universally  called,  in  Norfolk,  a 
dickey  ?  ACHE. 

THE  LABEL  IN  HERALDRY  (2nd  S.  ix.  80.)  — 
"  Labels  were  originally  a  sort  of  Scarf,  or  Band,  with 
hanging  Lingels,  Tongues,  or  Points,  which,  young  men 
wore  about  their  Necks,  as  Cravats  or  Neckcloths  are 
worn  now-a-days.  This  sort  of  Ribbands  were  tied  to 
the  Neck  of  the  Helmet,  and  when  this  was  placed  on  the 
Shield  it  cover'd  the  upper  part  of  it ;  which  served  to 
distinguish  the  Sons  from  their  Fathers,  because  none 
but  unmarried  men  wore  them ;  and  this  was  the  Occa- 
sion of  their  being  used  as  Differences,"  &c.  —  Boyer's 
Heraldry,  p.  275.,  A.D.  1729. 

SENEX  JUNIOR. 

FICTITIOUS  PEDIGREES  (2nd  S.ix.  61.)—  Although 
Mr.  Spence  was  a  great  manufacturer  of  fancy 
pedigrees,  he  could  not  very  well  have  forged  all 
the  Cot<?reave  MSS.;  but  merely,  by  addition, 
subtraction,  or  substitution,  have  put  them  under 
contribution  in  the  way  of  ingenious  dovetailing. 
Where  then,  let  me  ask,  are  these  MSS.?  If 
forthcoming  and  genuine,  they  might  be  of  valu- 
able service  to  the  county-historian,  the  antiquary, 
and  the  genealogist.  I  believe  they  were  not 
known  to,  or  at  least  not  used  by,  Mr.  Ormerod 
in  his  valuable  History  of  Cheshire^ —  a  circum- 
stance which,  though  suspicious,  may  perhaps  be 


properly  accounted  for  by  the  fact  of  their  being 
private  family  documents.  Now,  however,  that 
the  last  of  the  family  is  dead,  no  excuse  for  pri- 
vacy need  be  observed.  I  take  this  opportunity 
to  say,  that  I  quite  concur  with  your  valued  cor- 
respondent JAYDEE  as  to  the  Spencean  upper- 
portion  of  the  Sherwood  pedigree,  and  entirely 
exonerate  the  lady.  R.  W.  DIXON. 

Seaton-Carew,  co.  Durham. 

BURIAL  IN  A  SITTING  POSTURE  (2nd  S.  ix.  44. 
94.)  —  I  can  furnish  your  correspondent  with  one 
more  instance  of  burial  in  a  sitting  position.  At 
Messina  there  is  a  church  attached  to  one  of  its 
numerous  monasteries,  by  name,  I  think,  St.  Ja- 
como,  in  which  several  monks  are  buried  in  a 
sitting  position,  and  may  be  seen  through  a  grat- 
ing in  a  vault  below  the  church.  This  church  is 
situated  at  the  top  of  the  hill  overlooking  the 
town  on  the  road  to  the  "  Telegraph."  I  believe 
numerous  instances  occur  at  Palermo,  but  I  did 
not  get  so  far.  M.  FODDER. 

YOFTREGERE  (2nd  S.  ix.  11.)  —  Can  this  word 
be  in  any  manner  connected  with  obstringillis, 
which  occurs  in  John  of  Bridlington's  political 
poem,  accompanied  by  the  following  explanation 
in  the  commentary  ?  "  Plebs  obstriugittis,  i.  ob- 
structa  et  captiva."  See  Political  Poems  and 
Songs,  edited  by  Thomas  Wright,  Esq.,  under  au- 
thority of  the  Master  of  the  Rolls,  vol.  i.  pp.  176, 
177.  J.  SANSOM. 

PEPPERCOMB  (2nd  S.  ix.  11.)  —Pepper- Harrow, 
Peper-Harow,  or  Peper-Hare,  Surrey,  was  for- 
merly Pipard- Harrow,  and  in  Domesday,  Piper- 
herge.  According  to  Manning,  it  was  so  called 
from  Pipard  or  Pepard,  an  ancient  proprietor, 
and  the  Saxon  word  are,  signifying  "  a  possession 
or  estate,"  q.  d.  Pipard's  estate.  (The  A.-S.  are  is 
a  court-yard,  area.)  Pepper,  in  local  names,  may 
sometimes  be  a  corruption  of  Peover.  There  are 
three  places  (Little,  Nether,  and  Over),  so  named 
in  Cheshire.  Pepper  may,  in  some  instances,  be 
a  corruption  of  Bever,  which  is  found  frequently 
in  local  names,  not  only  in  England,  but  also  on 
the  Continent,  as  in  Biberach,  Biberack,  Biebrich, 
Bievres,  from  G.  biber,  Fr.  bievre,  from  Latter, 
a  beaver.  R.  S.  CHARNOCK. 

DRYBURGH  INSCRIPTION  (2nd  S.  ix.  80.)  —  The 
words  appear  to  be  "  felo  de  se  et  arsa,"  meaning 
that  "  the  woman  committed  suicide  and  was 
burnt."  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 

BlSHOP  PREACHING  TO  APRIL  FOOLS    (2nd  S.  ix. 

12.)- 

"  L'Electeur  de  Cologne,  frere  de  1'Electeur  de  Baviere, 
e'tant  &  Valenciennes,  annonca,  qu'il  precheroit  le  ler 
Avril.  La  foule  fut  prodigieuse  &  1'Eglise,  1'Electeur 
etant  en  chaire  salua  gravement  1'auditoire,  fit  le  signe 
de  la  croix,  et  cria ;  « Poisson  d'Avril ! '  Puis  descendit, 


132 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


O<iS.  IX.  FEB.  18. 


tandis  que  des  trompettes  et  des  cors-de-chasse  fassoient 
un  tintamarre  digne  cl'une  pareille  sc&ne."  —  Pieces  inte- 
ressantes  et  pen  connues,  pour  servir  a  VHistoire.  Brux- 
elles,  1781,  i.  168. 

The  work  above  cited  is  in  four  volumes.  Pages 
108.  to  236.  of  the  first  are  occupied  by  a  collec- 
tion of  anecdotes,  "  tirees  du  Manuscrit  originel 
d'un  Horame  de  Lettres  tres-instruit."  Nearly  all 
are  of  the  time  of  Louis  XIV.  and  the  Regent. 
That  of  the  "  Poisson  d'Avril "  occurs  between 
two  of  Dubois.  Probably  there  are  different  ver- 
sions of  the  same  story,  as  the  square-book  with 
wood-cuts,  and  the  mention  of  "  Howlglass,"  indi- 
cate an  earlier  time  than  that  of  the  Regent. 

FlTZHOPKINS. 

Garrick  Club. 

CALCUITH  (2nd  S.  viii.  205.) — Caleuith,  Cel- 
chyth,  Cercehede,  Chelched,  and  Chalkhythe  were 
names  of  Chelsea.  Sir  Thomas  More,  who  re- 
sided there,  writes  Chelcith.  The  word  means 
chalk-harbour,  as  Lambeth  =  Loamhithe  means 
clay-harbour,  and  Rotherhythe  red-harbour,  all 
in  the  port  of  London. 

The  objection  that  Chelsea  was  not  "in  the 
kingdom  of  Mercia"  is  met  by  the  fact  that  in 
752  Kent  was  subject  to  Mercia.  Offa  defeated 
the  Kentish  men  in  776  at  Ottford.  (Penny  Cyc. 
art,  KENT,  p.  193.)  T.' J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 

THE  LOAD  OF  MISCHIEF  (2»d  S.  ix.  90.)  — The 
curious  in  such  matters  need  not  go  so  far  as 
Norwich  to  look  for  the  sign  of  the  "  Man  laden 
with  Mischief:"  it  may  be  seen  any  day  depicted 
over  the  door  of  a  publichouse  on  the  south  side 
of  Oxford  Street,  near  Tottenham  Court  Road.  ' 

J.  O. 

This  sign  used  to  swing  some  twelve  or  fifteen 
years  ago  in  all  the  glory  that  brilliant  colour  and 
varnish  could  give  it  before  a  pothouse  about  a 
mile  from  Cambridge  on  the  Madingley  Road,  to 
the  best  of  my  recollection.  The  neighbourhood 
of  Cambridge  was  in  those  days  very  rich  in  the 
sign  department.  J.  EASTWOOD. 

"  ROUND  ABOUT  OUR  CoAL  FlRE"  (2nd  S.  ix.  54.) 

— It  appears  that  the  earliest  edition  of  this  pam- 
phlet with  a  date  is  the  fourth,  1784  (see  2nd  S. 
viii.  481.).  MR.  BATES  describes  the  third,  which 
is  without  date.  I  have  a  copy  of  an  edition 
which  I  must  assume  to  be  the  first,  because  the 
title  gives  no  indication  of  its  being  of  any  later 
issue.  It  has  a  bastard  title  "  Round  about  our  Coal- 
Fire  ;  OR,  Christmas  Entertainments"  on  the  verso 
of  which  is  the  prologue,  nearly  as  given  by  DR. 
RIMBAULT.  Then  follows  the  full  title,  identical 
with  that  given  by  MR.  BATES,  omitting  only  the 
words  "  The  Third  Edition,"  with  woodcut  of  a 
Christmas  feast,  occupying  nearly  half  the  page. 
Next  comes  the  Dedication  to  Mr.  Lunn,  two 
leaves,  and  signed  only  "Yours,  &c."  B.,  six;  C. 


and  D,  eights ;  E,  four,  including  a  leaf  of  adver- 
tisements. The  last  numbered  page  is  48,  but  the 
Epilogue  carries  the  work  two  pages  farther. 
It  would  appear,  therefore,  that  my  copy  and  MR. 
BATES'S,  though  of  different  editions,  are  alike  in 
contents.  DR.  RIMBAULT'S  copy,  containing  "great 
additions,"  has  two  chapters  more  than  mine.  The 
absence  of  the  "  Prologue "  from  MR.  BATES'S 
copy  may  arise  from  its  wanting  the  half-title. 

R.  S.  Q. 

"  LORD  BACON'S  SKULL  "  (2nd  S.  viii.  354.)  — 
Having  occasion  some  time  ago  to  take  a  stroll 
to  St.  Michael's  church  in  this  town,  in  order  to 
show  it  to  a  friend,  while  he  was  looking  at  the 
monument  of  Lord  Bacon  I  engaged  myself  in 
conversation  with  the  organist  of  the  church, 
whose  father  has  been  for  many  years  sexton  of 
the  parish.  Remembering  the  story  quoted  from 
Fuller  in  "  N.  &  Q."  I  mentioned  it  to  him,  and 
he  informed  me  in  turn  that  on  the  occasion  of  the 
interment  of  the  last  Lord  Verulam,  whose  family 
vault  is  situated  immediately  below  the  monu- 
ment of  Lord  Bacon,  the  opportunity  was  taken 
to  make  a  search  for  any  trace  of  the  great  philo- 
sopher's remains.  I  understood  my  informant  to 
say  that  a  partition  wall  was  pulled  down,  and  the 
search  extended  into  the  part  of  the  vault  im- 
mediately under  the  monument,  but  no  such  re- 
mains were  found ;  nor,  in  fact,  could  they  find 
anything  to  show  that  Lord  Bacon's  ashes,  coffin, 
or  anything  belonging  to  him  were  at  that  time 
deposited  in  St.  Michael's  church.  Can  it  be  pos- 
sible that  Fuller's  story  was  true,  and  can  it  far- 
ther be  possible  that  not  only  Bacon's  skull,  but 
that  his  whole  remains,  have  been  removed  sur- 
reptitiously from  the  place  in  which  they  were 
once  laid  ? 

What  proof  is  there  that  they  were  ever  placed 
in  St.  Michael's  church  at  all  beyond  the  mere 
fact  of  Lord  Bacon's  own  desire,  which  cannot  be 
called  a  proof  of  its  being  complied  with  ?  At 
the  end  of  his  History  of  Life  and  Death,  Bacon 
mentions  that  "  Tithon  "  was  turned  into  a  grass- 
hopper, who  knows  but  that  the  philosopher  him- 
self has  undergone  some  such  change,  and  taken 
the  opportunity  to  hop  out  of  his  tomb  ? 

C.  LE  POER  KENNEDY. 

St.  Albans. 

JUDGE'S  BLACK  CAP  (2nd  S.  viii.  130.  193.  238. 
406.) — "In  the  island  of  Jersey,  when  sentence 
of  death  is  passed,  the  bailiff  or  his  lieutenant  and 
the  jurats,  all  of  whom  were  before  uncovered,  put 
on  their  hats,  and  the  criminal  kneels  to  receive  his 
doom.  This  is  a  very  solemn  and  impressive 
scene."  (Vide  Hist,  of  Jersey,  8vo.  1816.) 

CL.  HOPPER. 

THE  REVOLT  OF  THE  BEES  (2nd  S.  ix.  56.)  - 
This  little  work,  first  published  about  1820,  and  a 
fourth  edition  in  "  The  Phoenix  Library "  (Gil- 


2nd  s.  IX.  FEB.  18.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


133 


pin),  in  1850,  has  not  been  correctly  attributed  to 
Robert  Owen.  It  was  written  by  John  Minter 
Morgan,  of  whom  it  is  said,  in  a  short  Memoir 
in  the  Gent's  Mag.  for  April,  1855,  p.  430.,  "His 
projects  were  akin  to  those  of  Mr.  Owen  of 
Lanark,  with  this  important  difference,  that  they 
were  professedly  based  upon  Christianity."  Mr. 
Morgan  was  the  author  of  several  other  works  on 
social  subjects,  published  anonymously,  one  of 
which  is  entitled  Hampden  in  the  Nineteenth  Cen- 
tury ;  or  Colloquies  on  the  Errors  and  Improve- 
ment of  Society,  Lond.  1834,  8vo.  2  vols.  He  died 
in  Stratton  Street,  Piccadilly,  London,  Dec.  26, 
1854.  'AAm'j. 

Dublin. 

PYE-WYPE  (2nd  S.  ix.  65.)  —  Your  correspon- 
dent J.  SANSOM  asks  what  is  the  meaning  of  Pye- 
Wype,  and  why  a  field,  a  Rasin,  is  called  Pye- 
Wype  Close?  On  reference  to  Bewick's  Birds, 
vol.  i.  edit.  1804,  p.  324.,  stands  Pee-wit,  Lap- 
wing, Bastard  Plover,  or  Te  Wit  (Fringella  Vanei- 
lus,  Lin.  (Le  Vanneau,  Buff.)  Before  the  inclosure 
of  commons  and  the  improved  drainage  of  com- 
mons these  birds  were  very  numerous,  and  at 
the  proper  season  afforded  a  rich  harvest  to  the 
naked-legged  urchins  of  parishes  where  they  con- 
gregated, who  gathered  their  eggs.  They  seemed  to 
assemble  in  flocks  or  families,  and  not  interfere 
with  each  other's  fen  or  marsh.  They  are  not  ex- 
clusively seen  on  fen  or  damp  land,  for  I  have  ob~ 
served  them  hovering  over  land  considerably 
elevated,  and  always  near  the  same  spot;  but  I 
never  knew  them  to  deposit  their  eggs  otherwise 
than  in  a  low  wet  situation.  In  East  Norfolk  the 
lower  classes  oftener  call  them  Pye  Wypes  or  Pee- 
wits, than  Lapwings  or  Plovers. 

The  above  will  sufficiently  account  for  certain 
inclosures  being  called  Pye  Wype  Closes,  as  we 
hear  of  Horse  Close,  Bull  Close,  Mill  Close,  &c. ; 
and  an  instance  I  know  of  where  a  field  near  a 
manor-house  or  hall  is  named  Hoggarty  Close, 
evidently,  in  my  opinion,  meaning  Hall-gate-way 
Close,  it  being  close  to  a  road  leading  to  the  hall. 

In  Leicestershire  this  word  Pye-Wype  is  the 
common  name  for  the  Plover  or  Pee- Wit. 

LOUISA  JULIA  NORMAN. 
3.  King's  Terrace,  Soutbsey. 

The  Lapwing  (Tringa  vanellus,  Linnaeus)  visits 
Lincolnshire  in  large  flocks,  and  is  known  there  as 
the  Grey  Plover,  and  more  generally  called  the 
Pewith  or  Pye-  Wype.  Skelton  (vol.  i.  p.  64.)  says 
"With  Puwyt,  the  Lapwing." 

In  the  Percy  Household  Book,  1512,  the  Plover 
tiled  the  Wypes,  and  in  Sweden  the  same  bird 
is  called  the  Wypa  at  the  present  time.  In  the 
United  States  the  Lapwing  is  called  the  Pewit, 
from  its  cry ;  in  Lincolnshire,  the  Chuse-it  or 
Pt'dt,  also  from  its  cry. 


Pye-Wype  is  evidently  derived  from  the  old 
name  of  the  bird  Wypes  or  Wypa  ;  the  prefix  pye 
being  no  doubt  a  corruption  of  Skelton's  pu.  In 
Lincolnshire,  places  wher.e  these  birds  congregate 
and  deposit  their  eggs*,  are  frequently  called  Pye- 
Wype  Hill,  &c.  PISHEY  THOMPSON. 

EIKON  BASILIKE  :  PICTURE  or  CHARLES  I.  (2nd 
S.  ix.  27.)  — I  have  a  fine  copy  of  this  book  so 
solemn  to  be  read  — "  London  printed  by  7?. 
Norton  for  Eichard  P.oyston,  Bookseller  to  His 
most  Sacred  Majesty,  MDCLXXXI.,"  8vo.  pp.  256  , 
with  fourteen  preliminary  pages  including  dedica- 
tion to  Charles  II.  —  "  Majesty  in  Misery  or  an  Im- 
ploration  to  the  King  of  Kings,"'  1648,  &c.  The 
frontispiece  is  a  picture  of  Charles  I.  well  engraved 
(R.  White,  sculp.*),  on  comparing  which  with  the 
description  given  by  B.  H.  C.  of  the  picture  in 
the  church  of  "  St.  Botolph,  Bishopsgate,"  I  find  it 
to  agree  in  its  particulars,  with  the  exception  of 
there  being  wanting  the  motto  in  Greek,  Heb.  xi. 
38.,  and  also  the  following  mottoes  in  reference  to 


the  ship  (in  the  background  to  the  left),  *  Immota 
Triumphans,"  "Ncscit  Naufragium  Virtus"  *'  Crescit 
sub  pomlereVirlus  •"  but  in  addition,  at  the  bottom, 


of  the  plate,  "  Alij  diutius  Imperium  tenuerunt 
nemo  tarn  fortiter  reliquit,  Tacit.  Histor.  Lib.  2. 
C.  47.  p.  417."  At  p.  221.  is  a  portrait  of  Charles 
II ,  also  very  prettily  engraved,  with  the  inscrip- 
tion "  Bona  agere  et  mala  pad  Regium  est "  (p. 
1.).  The  bookseller,  Royston,  in  consideration  _"  of 
the  great  Losses  and  Troubles  he  hath  sustained 
for  his  Faithfulness  to  Our  Royal  Father  of  blessed 
Memory,  and  Ourself  in  the  Printing  and  Pub- 
lishing of  many  Messages  and  Papers  of  our  said 
Blessed  Father,  and  more  especially  in  the  most 
excellent  Meditations  and  Soliloquies  by  the  name 
of  EIKWJ/  Boo-iA-iKT?,"  &c.,  appears  to  have  held  an  ex- 
clusive patent  for  the  kingdom  and  the  universities 
from  Charles  II.  for  the  printing  and  selling  of 
this  book.  Whether  the  edition  be  of  any  special 
rarity  and  value  I  cannot  say.  G.  N. 

ELECTRIC  TELEGRAPH  (2nd  S.  ix.  26.  73.)  — 
An  inquirer  wishes  information  respecting  the 
earliest  attempts  in  this  country  to  transmit  sig- 
nals by  electricity.  A  complete  working  tele- 
graph is  described  in  a  pamphlet  entitled,  De- 
scriptions of  an  Electrical  Telegraph,  and  of  some 
other  Electrical  Apparatus,  by  Francis  Ronald 9, 
1823.  E.  R. 

LORD  BOLINGBROKE'S  HOUSE  AT  BATTERSEA 
(2nd  S.  ix.  37.)— The  walls  of  Pope's  room,  other- 
wise the  "cedar"  or  "round"  room,  may  still  be 
seen  from  the  road.  They,  however,  now  support 
a  new  roof,  and  can  only  be  distinguished  from 
the  rest  of  the  building  by  their  circular  form. 

CHELSEGA. 


*  Known  in  London  as  the  Plover  egg,  and  said  to  be 
particularly  nutritious. 


134 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ix.  FEB.  18.  '60. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 


An  Inquiry  into  the  Genuineness  of  the  Manuscript  Cor- 
itions  in  Mr.  J.  Payne  Collier's  Annotated  Shakspeare, 


rections 


Folio,  1632 ;   and  of  certain  Shahsperian  Documents  like- 

Mr. 
(Beiitley.) 


wise  published  by  Mr.  Collier.     By  N.  E.  S.  A.  Hamilton. 


Embodied  in  the  present  volume  we  have  at  length  the 
charges  with  respect  to  the  Old  Corrector's  Folio  and 
other  Shaksperian  Documents  which  Mr.  Hamilton  an- 
nounced so  long  since  as  the  2nd  July  last.  These  charges 
—  and  we  use  the  term  advisedly,  for  in  the  majority  of 
cases  there  is  little  or  no  attempt  to  establish  them  by 
evidence  —  are  of  so  grave  a  character  that  we  are  sure 
every  reader  of  right  feeling  will  suspend  his  judgment 
npon  them  until  he  has  before  him  Mr.  Collier's  explana- 
tions. Whatever  may  have  been  the  rumours  in  circula- 
tion, it  is  clear  that  Mr.  Collier  could  not  reply  to  them 
until  they  were  put  before  the  world  in  an  authentic  and 
tangible 'shape.  That  moment  has  now  arrived.  Mr. 
Collier's  reply  will,  we  have  no  doubt,  be  very  soon  in  the 
hands  of  the  public,  and  we  shall  indeed  be  greatly  sur- 
prised if  it  does  not  satisfy  all  unprejudiced  minds  as  to  the 
bond  fides  with  which  he  has  acted  in  all  the  matters  in 
question. 

The.  Gem  of  Thorney  Island ;  or  Historical  Associations 
connected  with  Westminster  Abbey.  By  the  Rev.  James 
Ridgway,  M.A.  (Bell  &  Daldy.) 

Mr.  Ridgway  has  entered  on  his  self-imposed  task  of 
giving  a  popular  sketch  of  the  early  history  of  that 
venerable  abbey,  where  the  greatest  of  England's  sons  in 
arts  and  arms  lie  gathered,  in  an  admirable  spirit.  Dis- 
regarding the  architectural  beauties  of  the  building,  and 
carefully  abstaining  from  an)'-  expression  of  a  theological 
nature,  Mr.  Ridgway  has  attempted  only  the  faithful  re- 
production of  the  scenes  formerly  enacted  in  our  great 
abbey  church,  together  with  such  feelings,  beliefs,  and 
superstitions  of  our  ancestors  as  is  necessary  for  recalling 
vividly  the  memory  of  past  events.  The  volume  ends 
with  the  funeral  of  Henry  V.  —  the  last  monarch  who 
was  buried  in  (he  Confessor's  Chapel;  and  we  are  sure 
the  readers  of  it  will  look  forward  with  pleasure  to  the 
promised  continuation,  which  is  to  contain  the  history  of 
the  sanctuary,  and  bring  the  narrative  down  to  the  death 
of  Edward  V. 

BOOKS  RECEIVED. — 

Parochial  Sermons,  by  H.  W.  Burrows,  B.D.  2nd  Series. 
(J.  H.  Parker.) 

Full  of  original  thought,  and  genuine  feeling.  They 
have  the  ring  of  a  good  metal,  and  well  deserve  the  suc- 
cess which  a  "  second  series"  implies. 

Plainspoken  Words  to  Dr.  Dodge  on  the  Revision  of  the 
Liturgy.  (J.  H.  Parker.) 

Plainspoken  indeed  and  humorous.  Just  the  pamphlet 
to  lend  among  those  of  our  middle  classes  who  give  an 
ear  to  the  different  worrying  schemes  {'or  the  excision  of 
old  fashioned  orthodoxy  from  our  Prayerbook. 

A  Review  of  the  Literary  History  of  Germany  from  the 
Earliest  Period  to  the  beginning  of  the  Nineteenth  Century. 
Bij  Gustav  Soiling.  (Williams  &  Norgate.) 

A  rapid  sketch  of  the  history  of  German  literature,  ac- 
companied by  such  literary  references  and  bibliographical 
notes  as  are  calculated  to  render  it  alike  acceptable  and 
useful  to  students. 

Memoirs,  Journals,  and  Correspondence  of  Thomas  Moore. 
Edited  and  abridged  from  the  Edition  by  Lord  John  Rus- 
sell. Part  II,  (Longman.) 

The  present  Part,  which  brings  down  Moore's  life  to 
1818,  is  illustrated  with  an  admirable  portrait  of  Lord 
John  Russell. 


Routledge's  Illustrated  Natural  History.  By  Rev.  J.  G. 
Wood.  Part  XI.  (Routledge.) 

The  present  Part,  which  is  chiefly  devoted  to  Seals  and 
Whales,  well  sustains  the  character  of  the  work  for 
amusing  information  and  capital  woodcuts. 

SHAKSPERIAN  DISCOVERY. — We  are  credibly  informed 
that  the  Master  of  the  Rolls  has  recently  found,  enclosed 
in  some  old  Chapter  House  hassocks,  a  collection  of 
valuable  manuscript  documents  relating  to  Shakspeare, 
from  which  it  would  appear  that  certain  papers  in  the 
custody  of  a  Puritan  descendant  of  the  great  poet  wer 
not  destroyed,  as  was  generally  supposed.  These  inter- 
esting relics  seem  to  have  become  the  property  of  Lady 
Elizabeth  Barnard,  the  dramatist's  grandchild  and  heir. 
Arrangements  have  been  made  for  their  immediate  pub- 
lication. 


BOOKS     AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad' 
dresses  are  given  for  that  purpose. 

MANNING  AND  BRAY'S  SURREY.    Fol.    Only  Vol.  III.* 
IRONSIDE'S  HISTORY  AND  ANTIQUITIES  OF  TWICKBNHAM.    4to.     1737. 
STRICKLAND'S  QUEENS  OF  ENGLAND.    Vol.  I.   8vo.    1853. 
OXONIANA.    Only  Vol.  IV. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  J.  Yeowell,  13.  Myddelton  Place,  E.C. 

Any  small  copies  of  H.  B.  VIROINIS  before  1600. 
Volumes  II.  or  III.  ofBuiiNEY's  HISTORY  OF  Music. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  J.  Jackson,  5.  Chatham  Place  East,  Hackney,  N.E. 

PART  OF  THIS  SUMMER'S  TRAVELS,  or  News  from  Hell,  Hull,  and  Hali- 
fax, &c.,  by  John  Taylor  the  Water  Poet.  Imprinted  by  J.  O.  12mo. 

A  SHORT  SKETCH  OF  THE  LIFE  OF  MR.  FOSTER  POWELL',  THB  GREAT 
PEDESTRIAN.  London.  8vo.  No  date,  but  printed  for  H.  K.  Westley, 
Strand.  With  portrait  by  Harlow.  1 1  pages  only. 

THE  YORKSHIRE  MUSICAL  MISCELLANV, comprising  an  Elegant  Selection 
Set  to  Music.  Halifax.  Printed  by  E.  Jacobs.  8vo.  1800. 

Wanted  by  Edward  Hailstone,  Esq.,  Horton  Hall,  Bradford. 

PICINELLI  MUNDCS  SYMHOLICUS.    2Vols.ini.    Colon.    1695.    Folio. 

ALSTEDII  THEOLOOTA  NATURALIS.    Hanov.    1623.    4to. 

SIR  P.  SIDNEY'S  WORKS.    Any  edition  from  1629  to  1725,  the  last  especi- 

ally. 

A  KEMPIS.    Translated  by  Payne,  and  published  by  Dove. 
TRACTS  FOR  THE  TIMES,  No.  89. 

HALLAM'S  LITERATURE.    2nd  Edition.    Vols.  II.  and  III. 
HOLE'S  REMARKS  ON  THB  ARABIAN  NJOHTS.     1797. 
WILLETT'S   MEMOIB    OF    HAWARDBN    PARISH,    FLINTSHIRE,,    Chester. 

1832. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  W.  West,  Hawarden,  Flintshire. 


to 

FITZHOFKINS  is  referred  to  our  2nd  S.  vol.  iii.  pp.  428.  496.  for  an  < 
count  o/Mary  Toft. 


i  RANK.  A  jew  years  since  isumstead.  oj  Moloorn  published  a  (Jat 
logue  of  Books  on  Magic;  and  some  thirty  or  forty  years  since  Denley 
CatJierine  Street,  Strand,  issued  several  which  are  highly  curious. 

STUDENS  is  thanked, -but  has  been  anticipated. 

SENBSCENS.    The  tradition  of  Bayard's  Leap  has  been  given  in  our  1st ! 

vi.  600 The  antecedents  of  the  sif/n  in  the  old  North  Road,  we  suspe 

arc  not  highly  respectable,  so  that  we  must  not  hazard  an  explanation. 

Z.    The  Rev.  Joseph  Prendergast,  D.D.  was  of  Queen's  College,  i 
bridge,  and  Head  Master  ofLewisham  school. 

A  iiswers  to  other  correspondents  in  our  next. 

ERRATA. — 2nd  S.  ix.  p.  85.  col.  ii.  1.  21.  for  "almaign"  read 
moign  ; "  p.  95.  col.  ii.  note,  for  "  Willis  "  read  "  Wallis  ;  "  p.  104,  col. ! 

1    i\    />»i.  •*-,—*.. S:*  "  fnftfl  *'—  .?.^*  >» 


1.  35./o>- 


read  >**»«. 


"NOTES  AND  QCBIUES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  a 
issued  in    MONTHLY  PARTS.     The  subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  ffa 
yearly  INDEX)  is  Us.  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Othce  Ordu-  in 
favour  of  MESSRS.  BELL  AND  DALDY,  186.  FLEET  STRKBT,  E.C.;  to  whom 
all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  THB  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


2»d  S.  IX.  FEB.  18.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[ESTABLISHED  1841.] 

MEDICAL,  INVALID,   AND  GENERAL  LIFE 
OFFICE,  25.  Pall  Mall,  London.  -  Empowered  by  special  Act  of 
lament. 

At  the  EIGHTEENTH  ANNUAL  MEETING,  held  on  the 
24th  November,  1859,  it  was  shown  that  on  the  30th  June 
last,  — 

The  Number  of  Policies  in  force  was      -       -       -    6,110 
The  Amount  Insured  was          -       -    2,601,925?.  10s.  8d. 
The  Annual  Income  was       -       -       -    121,2632.    7s.  Id. 
The  new  business  transacted   during  the   last   5   years 
amounts  to  2,482,79«Z.  16s.  lid.,  showing  an  average  yearly 
amount  of  new  business  of  nearly 

HALF  A  aXXX.X.XOlff  STERLING. 

The  Society  has  paid  for  claims  by  death,  since  its  esta 
blishment  in  1841,  no  less  a  sum  than  503,619;. 

HEALTHY  LIVES.—  Assurances  are  effected  at  home  or  abroad  at 
as  moderate  rates  as  the  most  recent  data  will  allow. 

INDIA.  -  Officers  in  the  Army  and  civilians  proceeding:  to  India, 
may  insure  their  lives  on  the  most  favouiable  terms  and  every  possible 
facility  is  afforded  for  the  Iruuaetiou  of  business  m  India. 

NAVAL  MEN  AND  MASTER  MARINERS  are  assured  at  equita- 
ble rates  tor  lite,  or  for  a  voyage. 

VOLUNTEERS No  extra  charse  for  persons  serving  in  any  Vo- 
lunteer or  Rifle  Corps  within  the  United  Kingdom. 

RESIDENCE  ABROAD.-Greater  facilities  given  for  residence  in  the 
Colonies,  &c.,  than  by  most  other  Companies. 

IN  VALID  LIVES  assured  on  scientifically  constructed  tables  based 
on  extensive  data,  and  a  reduction  in  the  premium  is  made  when  the 
causes  for  an  increased  rate  of  premium  have  ceased. 

STAMP  DUTY.  —Policies  issued  free  of  every  charge  but  the  pre- 
miums. 

Every  information  may  be  obtained  at  the  chief  office,  or  on  applica- 
tion to  any  of  the  Society's  agents. 

C.  DOUGLAS  SINGER,  Secretary. 

"BROWN  &  POLSON'S      • 

PATEUT    CORlff     FX.01TR, 

Preferred  to  the  best  Arrowroot. 

DKUCIOC*  in  PUDDINGS,  CUSTARDS,  BLANCMANGE,  CARE,  &c., 
and  especially  suited  to  the  delicacy  of 

CHILDREN  AND  INVALIDS. 
"  THIS  is  SUPERIOR  TO  ANYTHING  OF  THK  KIND  KNOWN." — Lancet. 

Obtain  it  where  inferior  articles  are  not  substituted. 

From  Grocers. Chemists,  Confectioners,  and  Corn  Dealers. 

PAISLEY,  DUBLIN,  MANCHESTER,  and  LONDON. 

pRIZE~MEDAL    LIQUID    HAIR   DYE. 
ONLY    ONE    APPLICATION. 

INSTANTANEOUS, 

INDELIBLE, 
HARMLESS, 

and 

SCENTLESS. 

In  CASES,  POST  FREE,  3s.  3d.  &  6s.,  direct  from  E.  F.  LANGDALE'S 
Laboratory,  72.  Hatton  Garden,  London,  B.C. 


Mr.  Langdale  8  preparations  are,  to  our  mind,  the  most  extra- 
ordinary productions  of  modern  chemistry."— Illustrated  London  News, 
July  19,  1851. 

A  Jong  and  interesting  report  on  the  Products  of  E.  F.  Langdale's 
Laboratory,  by  a  Special  Scientific  Commission  from  the  Editor  of  the 
Lancet,  will  be  found  in  that  Journal  of  Saturday,  January  10th,  1857. 
A  Copy  will  be  forwarded  for  Two  Stamps. 


AGENTS    WANTED. 


E  &  LUBINS'tf  HUNGARY  WATER. 
This  Scent  stimulates  the  Memory  and  invigorates  the 

Brain. 

2*.  bottle  ;  10s,  Case  of  Six. 

PERFUMERY  FACTORY, 

2.  NEW  BOND  STREET,  W. 


XHE  AQUARIUM.— LLOYD'S  DESCRIPTIVE 
and  ILLUSTRATED  LIST  of  whatever  relates  to  the  AQUA- 
Pawi  aud^Wood^'  PnCe  '*' '  °r    yPost  for  Fourteen  Stamps.    128 

•  >RD  LLOYD,  19,20,  and  20*.  Portland  Road,  Regent's 
Park, London,  W 


UNITED   KINGDOM 

LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  LONDON, 

S.W. 

The  Hon.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  Esq.,  Deputy  Chairman. 

FOURTH  DIVISION  OF  PROFITS. 

SPECIAL  NOTICE.-Parties  desirous  of  participating  in  the  fourth 
division  of  profits  to  be  declared  on  all  policjes  effected  prior  to  the  31st 
December  next  year,  should,  In  order  to  enjoy  the  same,  make  imme- 
diate application.  There  have  already  been  three  divisions  of  proiits, 
and  the  bonuses  divided  have  averaged  nearly  2  per  cent,  per  annum  on 
the  sums  assured,  or  from  30  to  100  per  cent,  on  the  premiums  paid, 
without  imparting  to  the  recipients  the  risk  of  copartnership,  as  is  the 
case  in  mutual  societies. 

To  show  more  clearly  what  these  bonuses  amount  to,  three  following 
cases  are  put  forth  as  examples  : 

Sum  Insured.        Bonuses  added.        Amount  payable  up  to  Dec.,  1861. 
£5,000  j8i,937  10s.  *6,987  10s. 

1,000  397  ins.  1,397  10s. 

100  39  15s.  139  15s. 

Notwithstanding  these  large  additions,  the  premiums  are  on  the 
lowest  scale  compatible  with  security  for  the  payment  of  the  policy  when 
death  arises;  in  addition  to  which  advantages,  one  half  of  the  premiums 
may,  if  desired,  for  the  term  of  five  years,  remain  unpaid  at  5  per  cent, 
interest,  the  other  half  being  advanced  by  the  company  without  security 
or  deposit  of  the  policy. 

The  Assets  of  the  Company  at  the  31st  December,  1858,  exclusive  of 
the  large  subscribed  Capital,  amounted  to  £652,618  3s.  10c/.,  all  of  which 
has  been  invested  in  Government  and  other  approved  securities. 

No  charge  for  Volunteer  Military  Corps  whilst  serving  in  the  United 
Kingdom. 

Policy  Stamps  paid  by  the  Office. 

Immediate  application  should  be  made  to  the  Resident  Director,  8. 
Waterloo  Place,  Pall  Mall—By  order, 

P.  MACINTYRE,  Secretary. 


WESTERN    LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 
ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON, S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1842. 


H.  E.  Bicknell.Esq. 
T.  8.  Cocks,  Esq. 
G.H.Drew,Esq;M.A. 


Directors. 


f.  Lucas,  Esq. 
.B.  Marson,Esq. 
A.  Robinson,  Esq. 


W.  Freeman,  Esq.  J.L.Seager,Esq. 

F.  Fuller.Esq.  J.B.  White, Esq. 

J.H.Goodhart.Esq. 

Physician.— W.  R.  Basham,  M.D. 

Bankers.  —  Messrs.  Cocks,  Biddulph.andCo. 

Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  this  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  paying  a  Premium,  as  permission  is  given  upon 
application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  the  con- 
ditions detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

LOANS  from  1001.  to  5001.  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 
Security. 

Attention  is  also  invited  to  the  rates  of  annuity  granted  to  old  lives, 
for  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 
Example :  100Z.  cash  paid  down  purchases— An  annuity  of— 


£  s.  d. 
lo   4   o  to  a  male  life  aged  60) 

14  16    3 

18  11  10  75; 


65 (Payable  as lon( 
70  (     as  he  is  alive. 


Now  ready,  10th  Edition,  price  7s.  6d.,  of 

MR.     SCRATCHLEY'S     MANUAL,     on 

FRIENDLY  SOCIETIES,  with  RULES,  TABLES,  and  an  EXPO- 
SITION of  the  TRUE  LAW  OF  SICKNESS. 

SHAW  &  SONS,  Fetter  Lane  ;  and  LAYTONS,  150.  Fleet  Street,  B.C. 
BEN1VSAW, 

TNTRODUCER  OF  THE  SOUTH  AFRICAN 

J_    PORT,  SHERRY,  &c.,  20s.  per  dozen.  BOTTLES  INCLUDED, 

an  advantage  greatly  appreciated  by  the  Public  and  a  constantly  in- 
creasing connexion,  saving  the  great  annoyance  of  returning  them. 

A  PINT  SAMPLE  OF  BOTH  FOR  24  STAMPS. 

WINB  IN  CASK  forwarded  Free  to  any  Railway  Station  in  England. 
EXCELSIOR  BRANDY,  Pale  or  Brown,  15s.  per  gallon,  or  30s.  per 

dozen. 

TERMS,  CASH.    Country  Orders  must  contain  a  remittance.     Cross 
cheques  "  Bank  of  London."    Price  Lists  forwarded  on  application. 
JAMES  L.  DENMAN,  65.  Fenchurch  Street.corner  of  Railway  Place, 
London,  E.C. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  IX.  FEB.  18.  '60. 


DR.   RICHARDSON'S 

PHILOLOGICAL    WORKS. 


New  Edition,  with  a  Supplement  containing  additional  W9rds  and 
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A  NEW  DICTIONARY  OF  THE  ENGLISH 
LANGUAGE. 

Combining  Explanation  with  Etymology,  and  Copiously  Illustrated  by 
Quotations  from  the  best  authorities. 

The  WORDS—  with  those  of  the  same  Family— are  traced  to  their 
Origin. 

The  EXPLANATIONS  are  deduced  from  the  Primitive  Meaning 
through  the  various  Usages. 

The  QUOTATIONS  are  arranged  Chronologically,  from  the  Earliest 
Period  to  the  Present  Time. 

***  The  Supplement  separately,  4to.    12«. 

"  It  is  an  admirable  addition  to  our  Lexicography,  supplying  a  great 
desideratum,  as  exhibiting  the  biography  of  each  word  — its  birth, 
parentage  and  education,  the  changes  that  have  befallen  it,  the  com- 
pany it  has  kept,  and  the  connexions  it  has  formed — by  rich  series  of 
quotations,  all  in  chronological  order.  This  is  such  a  Dictionary  as 
perhaps  no  other  language  could  ever  boast."  —  Quarterly  Review. 

"  A  work  indispensable  to  every  one  who  is  curious  in  his  mother 
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can  promise  you  effectual  help,  for  it  is  the  only  English  one,  in  which 
Etymology  assumes  the  dignity  of  a  Science,  will  put  you  in  the  right 
position  for  judging  why  the  word  has  been  suggested  to  you."— Trench 
on  the  Study  of  Words. 

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simple  plan  and  story  of  the  book,  but  we  scarcely  thought  when  we 
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London  :    BELL  &  DALDY,  186.  Fleet  Street,  B.C. 


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XHE  FIRST   FRENCH  BOOK:  on   the  Plan  of 
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idiom  is  very  satisfactory  and  complete.  Whoever  thoroughly  masters 
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namm. 

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,i 


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prudence,  care,  diligence,  and  a  fixed  resolution  to  abstain  from  rash 
speculation,  conducted  the  partners  to  honour  and  wealth. 

W.  &  R.  CHAMBERS,  London  and  Edinburgh. 

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Printed  by  GJSOROE  ANDREW  SPOTTISWOODE,  of  No.  10.  Little  New  Street,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  City  of  London,  at  No. 5.  New-street 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

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•  FOB 

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No.  217.] 


SATURDAY,  FEBRUARY  25.  1860. 


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XHE       SHAKSPEARE      DOCUMENTS.  —  An 
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and  rea 


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hw  ev^r 


SUCcessful  undertaking  of  the  kind  which 


KnglisiriMct 


1  Those  only  who  possess  this  work  cun  estimate  its  value.    We  have 
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>r.k  rm-,  it  is  necessary  to  specify  the  Quarto  Edition,  which  is  the 
^^•y  complete  one. 


-  ;  Nyo 


T>HE   QUARTERLY  REVIEW,  No.  CCXIII.,  is 

JL     NOW  READY. 

CONTENTS : 

AUSTRALIAN  COLONIES  AND  SUPPLY  OF  GOLD. 
INVENTORS  OF  COTTON  SPINNING  MACHINES. 
CHINA  AND  THE  WAR. 

THE  ROMAN  WALL  IN  NORTHUMBERLAND. 
RELIGIOUS  REVIVALS  IN  IRELAND  AND  ELSEWHERE. 
COWPEll— HIS  LIFE  AND  WORKS. 
REFORM  SCHEMES. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street,  W. 


B 


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CONTENTS  FOR  MARCH— No.  CCLXXIX. 


OVINGDEAN     GRANGE: 

A  TALE  OF  THE  SOUTH  DOWNS. 
By  W.  HARRISON    A  INS  WORTH,  ESQ. 

PART  THE  FIFTH. 
Outremanche  Correspondence.    No.  IT. 

"  of  thc  Time8-  By  Dudley  Costell°- 


A  Story  of  Twenty-four  Hours. 

Learning  on  the  Tramp. 

Footsteps.    By  Frederick  Enoch. 

Blue  and  Yellow;  or,  How  my  Brother  Fitz  stood  for  Cantitborough. 

By  Ouidn.    In  Five  Chapters. 
A  Vacation  Tour  in  Spain. 

The  Story  of  Francesco  Novello  da  Carraar.    Part  V. 
Twenty-four  Hours  on  Mount  Etna. 
French  and  English  Beauties.    By  Nicholas  Michell. 

London  :  RICHARD  BENTLEY,  New  Burlington  Street,  W. 


NEW  WORK  BY  MISS  FREER. 
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1623,  and  to  be  Re-printed  in  One  Vol.,  the  size  to 
range  with  all  Demy  Octavo  Editions  of  the  Poet's 
Works,  yet,  the  book  will  be  —  page  for  page  —  line 
for  line  —  word  for  word  —  strictly  in  accord  with 
the  old  Folio,  and  possessing  carefully  executed 
Fac-similes  of  all  the  Original  Typographical  Orna- 
mentations; and  likewise,  a  Facsimile  of  the  Dree  - 
shout  Portrait  on  the  Title,  as  faithfully  rendered  as 
effort  can  accomplish,  —-by 

L.  BOOTH,  307.  Regent  Street,  W. 

"The  first  Folio,  in  my  opinion,  is  the  only  edition 
worth  regarding.  And  it  is  much  to  be  wished,  that  an 
edition  of  Shakspeare  were  given  literatim,  according  to  the 
first  Folio:  which  is  now  become  so  scarce  and  dear,  that 
few  persons  can  obtain  it.  For,  by  the  presumptuous 
licence  of  the  dwarfish  commentators,  who  are  for  ever 
cutting  him  down  to  their  own  size,  we  risque  the  loss 
of  Shakspeare's  genuine  text;  which  that  Folio  assuredly 
contains ;  notwithstanding  some  few  slight  errors  of  the 
press,  which  might  be  noted,  without  altering."  —  HOKXE 
TOOKE,  Diversions  of  Purley.  Part  II.  p.  52,  Edit.  Lond. 
1805. 

rpHE  Work  has  been  in  preparation  and  at  press 
since  November  last,  yet,  its  announcement 
now,  is  rather  premature  —  earlier  than  it  would 
have  been,  had  there  not  appeared  in  the  Athe- 
naeum of  January  14  the  following  remarks,  —  so 
surprisingly  apposite  to  the  progressing  publica- 
tion—made in  reference  to  Dr.  Susan's  Dutch 
translation  of  Shakspeare :  — "  We  know  not  how 
far  Dr.  Susan  has  been,  or  will  be,  remunerated 
for  his  great  labour  and  industry ;  but  we  cannot 
help  thinking  that  if  anybody  in  this  country 
would  undertake  to  reprint  Shakspeare's  Works 
in  the  very  letters  of  the  original  editions,  and  in 
an  octavo  form,  the  experiment  would  be  at- 
tended with  profit."  It  is  hoped,  and  scarcely 
doubted,  that  the  lovers  of  Shakspearian  litera- 
ture will  render  due  proof,  that  the  thoughts  thus 
expressed  in  the  Athenaeum  are  substantially 
founded. 

The.  Work  complete  will  be  printed  on  Three  Papers,  the 
sizes,  as  announced  above,  also  to  range  with  all  Royal  Oc- 
tavo Editions,  and  in  Folio,  the  latter  being  on  Writing 
Paper.  There  will  likewise  be  a  very  limited  impression  of 
each  Play  separately,  the  size,  a  Small  Quarto. 


2°i  S.  IX.  FEB.  25.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


135 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  FEBRUARY  25.  1860. 


N«.  217.— CONTENTS. 

NOTES:— Ante-Reformation  Archdeacon's  Charge  and  In- 
quisition, 135— "The  Temporal  Government  of  the  Popes 
State,"  137  —Notes  on  Hudibras,  188  —  Coldharbour,  139  — 
Sir  Peter  Paul  Rubens,  Ib. 


tree  — The  Stanley  Family  — Wellington  and  Nelson  — 
Recent  Misapplication  of  the  Words  "Facetious"  and 
"Facetiae,"  140. 

QUERIES :  —  "  High  Life  below  Stairs,"  142— James  Ainslie 
—Earthquakes  in  England,  &c.— Nichols's  "Leicestershire" 

—  Robert  Seagrave  —  Motto  for  a  Village  School  —  Benja- 
min Leveling— Sylvester,   &c.—  Sir  Peter  Carew  — The 
Word  "  Quarter  "—Charles  Kirkham— The  Music  of  "  The 
Twa  Corbies"  —  Josiah  King  —  Medal  of  James  III.— 
Chronicles  of  London  — "Les  Mysteres,"  &c.  — Crowe  of 
Kiplin  Family,  &c.,  142.  . 

QUEEIES  WITH  ANSWERS:— Passage  in  Psalm  xxx.  5. — 
Coningsby's  "  Marden  "—Cromwell's  Interview  with  Lady 
Ingilby  — Jacob  du  Rondel— "Don  Quixote"  in  Spanish 
— "  He  who  runs  may  read  "  —  "  The  Christmas  Ordinary  " 

—  Cavaliere  John  Gallini,  144. 

REPLIES:  — Fictitious  Pedigrees,  147  —  Arithmetical  No- 
tation, Ib.  —  Brownists,  148  — Butts  Family,  149  —  Fane's 
Psalms  —  Bazel  of  Baize  —  Noah's  Ark  —  Songs  Wanted  — 
Excommunication  of  Queen  Elizabeth  —  Sir  George  Paule 

—  Treasurie  of  Similies  — Old  Graveyards  in  Ireland— 
St.  Thomas  Cantilupe,  Bishop  of  Hereford— Box  called 
"Michael"  — John  Lloyd  (or  Floyd),  the  Jesuit— Walk 
your   Chalks  —  Jennings   Family  —  George    Gascoigue — 
Macaulay  Family  —  Samuel  Daniel,  &c.,  149. 

Notes  on  Books. 


ANTE-REFORMATION  ARCHDEACON'S  CHARGE 
AND  INQUISITION. 

This  is  a  copy  verbatim  et  literatim  of  a  docu- 
ment, occupying  six  folios  (49 — 54.),  in  a  bundle 
of  MSS.  (folios  1—117.)  relating  to  the  diocese  of 
Salisbury,  from  the  eleventh  to  the  sixteenth  cen- 
tury. The  probable  date  of  this  Ordo  Visitationis 
may  safely  be  fixed  at  the  latter  end  of  the  fifteenth 
or  beginning  of  the  sixteenth  century,  being  ap- 
parently written  by  the  same  hand  as  the  Officium 
Apparitoris,  fol.  39.,  dated  A.p.  M.D.xxviii. 

"  Ordo  Visitationis  Archini  cum  forma  oneris  ejusdem. 

"In  primis  facto  certificatorio  sufficiente  de  executione 
monitionis  pro  visitatione,  et  citatis  viz.  clris  et  laicis 
vocatis  et  provisatis  ac  comparentibj,  Jurentur  gardiani 
de  fideliter  exequendo  officio,  et  de  fidelitr  Inquirendo 
sup  articulis  sequen,  sub  forma  descripta, 

(",ffonna  Juramenti  novi  Gardiani  Ecclioe.) 

"  Ye  shall  truly  execute  and  exercise  thoffice  of  the 
Church- Wardenship  that  ye  are  chosen  unto,  to  theBehofe 
and  pfite  of  the  Church  — And  faithfully  admynystre 
and  kepe  the  Church  gudes  Jewellis  and  Ornaments  of 
the  same— And  mayntayne  the  Lyghtte  and  stokke  of 
the  said  Church,  and  make  a  full  Accomptte  to  the  po- 
chiaus  of  the  Churche  goodis  wkwte  fraude,  disceite  or 
colour.  Soo  God  ye  helpe  and  these  holy  Evangelies. 

("  Fjorma  Juramenti  gardiani  ecclice  Jurati  ad  suuut 
ojficium  de  Inquirendo  sup  Arlis.) 

"  Ye  shall  truly  Inquyre  of  all  such  Articles  that  shal- 
be  declared  unto  you  coucernyng  the  state  of  yor 


Churchis,  the  life  and  convrsation  of  the  Psons,  Vicars, 
Curatts,  and  mynysters  of  the  same,  .And  also  the  Life 
and  conv'rsacion  of  the  pochians  that  ve  come  fro,  and 
of  all  their  opyn  crymys  and  offencs  Raynyng  amonge 
you  yn  yor  parchis  (And  ye  shall  p'sente  nothying  for 
hoo  malice  ne  concele  nothying  for  noo  coruption  ne  af- 
fection :  But  true  and  whole  p'sntment  make.  Soo  god 
ye  holpe  and  the  holy  Evangelies. 

("  FForma  oneris.) 

"Good  Christyn  people  ye  shall  understande  the  cause 
of  my  comyng  at  this  tyme  is  to  doo  my  office  of  Visi- 
tacion  that  I  am  bownde  to  doo  by  the  law,  Ffor  as  or 
holy  ffather  the  pope  is  godis  stuard  here  yn  erthe,  and 
hath  principall  care  and  charge  of  all  Christyn  people, 
whiche  cannot  exercise  this  office  in  hys  owne  p'per  p'son 
in  all  places,  Therfor  in  or  holy  Ffather  the  popis  dis- 
charge of  his  grete  cure  is  ordeynyd  (yn  every  province 
A  Bisshop)  in  every  Diocesse  a  Bisshop  which  hath 
cure  and  charge  of  all  the  subiectts  w*in  their  said 
diocesses,  And  forasmuch  as  they  be  not  liable  to  exe- 
cute and  exercise  their  office  in  these  diocesses  psonally, 
The  law  hath  ordeynyd  that  every  Bisshop  shall  have 
certeyne  Archideacons  whiche  be  called  in  the  law  (ocu- 
lus  Epi)  the  le  of  the  Bisshop  whose  office  is  in  the 
discharge  of  the  same  Bus-hoppe  to  come  and  visite  you, 
and  to  inquire  of  suche  crymys  and  opyn  offences  and  of 
all  other  things  that  is  or  owght  to  be  reformyd  among 
you  to  the  lawde  of  god  the  increase  of  vertue  and  op- 
pression of  Synne  and  Iniquytie.  'And  forasuch  as  I 
(howbeit  unworthy)  have  thoffice  of  tharchideacon  of 
this  Archideaconry  And  doo  intende  for  my  discharge 
Afore  god  (Ne  deus  sanguinem  vrm  de  manibus  meis 
requirat)  That  is  to  say,  leste  god  for  my  negligens  shall 
call  me  to  accompte  for  yor  offence,  and  execute  the 
punyshment  that  ye  shall  have  for-yor  offence  uppon  me, 
to  plante  vertue,  and  lo  reforme  and  puuyshe  Synne  and 
Inyquy tie  according  to  ye  lawe,  whiche  reformacion  can- 
not ensue  w*owte  due  knowlege  and  Informacion,  which 
must  come  of  you  that  ar  churchwardens  that  ar  callyd 
hether  for  to  Inqwyer  and  p'sent  such  opyn  crymys  and 
offencs  that  is  publishid  or  suspectid  yn  the  plche  ye 
come  fro,  And  if  ye  doo  yor  dutie  yn  makyng  p'sentment 
ye  ar  dischargid  and  the  charge  is  in  me,  And  if  ye  doo 
not  truly  p'sent  but  for  affection  concele  Synne  and  Ini- 
quitie  ye  shall  not  only  be  punyshid  Afore  god  as  Acces- 
sories and  faurtours  of  the  sa'me  synne  whiche  is  not 
reformyd  by  yor  negligence  but  also  ye  shall  thereby 
renne  and  fall  into  manyfest  p'iury. 

"  Therfor  I  exhorte  you  in  god,  and  also  charge  you 
and  comaunde  you  loke  Uppon  yor  conscience  and  be- 
ware of  p'iury  The  p'ill  of  A  nothe  is  that,  he  that 
wylfully  dothe  p'iure  and  forswere  hymselfe  doth  for- 
sak  god  his  creator  and  redemer  and  his  werkis  And 
betakith  hymselfe  to  his  goostly  enemy  the  devill  And 
yn  tokyn  and  testymony  ther-of  he  leith  his  hand  uppon 
the  boke  By  that  is  understand  that  he  forsaketh  all  the 
good  dedis  of  Cherite  and  pitie  that  he  hath  doon  w*  his 
handis  And  in  kyssing  of  the  Booke  all  the  good  prayers 
he  hath  said  w*  his  mowth.  I  truste  ye  woll  as  good  Chris- 
tyn people  eschew  the  danngerows  p'ill  Afore  God  and 
the  worlde  thereof,  and  soo  I  reqwyre  you  to  do. 

"The  Articles  ye  shall  Inquyre  of  restith  grossly  uppon 
thre  p'ncipals  firste  is  the  state  of  the  piche  Churchis  ye 
come  fro,  the  seconde  is  the  life  and  conn'sacion  of  yor 
psons  vicars  curatts  and  mynystres  of  the  same,  the 
thirde  is  the  lyfe  and  co'versacion  of  the  lay  people 
of  the  piche  ye  come  fro  whiche  I  will  declare  to  you 
spiaTly. 

"Ffirst  as  tovvchyng  the  state  of  yor  Churchis,  ye  shall 
inqyre  whether  the  blessed  Sacrament  of  the  Auter  which 


136 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«<»  S.  IX.  FEB.  25.  'GO. 


is  very  god  in  forme  of  brede,  be  in  a  honeste  and  clene 
pise  and  lokkyd  according  to  the  law  and  if  it  be  not  ye 
shall  p'sent  it. 

"Also  ye  shall  inqwyre  whether  yov  Christmatory  be 
under  lokke  and  key  and  if  it  be  not  ys  shall  p'snte  it. 

"  Also  ye  shall  inqwyre  whether  ye  have  sufficiente 
Anter  clot  his,  vestiments,  corporalis,  and  if  ye  soo  have 
•whether  they  he  brokyn  or  dene  or  honeste,  and  if  there 
be  any  fawte  there  ye  shall  p'sente  it. 

"Also  whether  ye  have  a  Chalis  of  sylver  whiche  is 
•whole  and  not  brokyn  and  if  ye  have  nott  soo  ye  shall 
p'sent  it. 

"  Also  whether  you  have  sufficient  boles  yn  yor  Churchis, 
that  is  to  say  a  portuows,  a  legende,  a  antiphonar.  a  sawter, 
a  masse  book,  a  manual!,  and  a  pie,  whyche  ye  ar  bownde 
to  have,  and  if  ye  have  those  bokis  whether  they  be 
brokyn  or  torne,  and  if  ye  lakke  any  of  them  or  be  in  an}' 
fawte  in  them,  ye  shall  p'cent  it. 

"Also  ye  shall  inquyre  whether  ye  have  sufficient 
tuellis,  surplisses  a  cope  crosses,  waxe,  candilstikks, 
bann'rs  for  the  Rogation  weke,  and  also  all  other  orna- 
ments of  the  Churche  that  is  accustomyd  to  be  had  in 
piche  Churchis,  and  necessary  for  divyne  svice,  And  if 
ye  lakk  any  of  thos  or  be  any  fawte  therin,  ye  shall 
p'sent  it. 

"  Also  whether  yoT  Imagies  in  the  Churche  and  your 
setts  (?)  be  nott  brokyn,  and  if  their  be  an}'  fawte  therein, 
ye  shall  p'sent  it. 

"Also  whether  yr  body  and  stepill  of  the  Church  is 
sufficiently  repairyd  yn  tyling  tymb'  werk  wallyng  and 
all  other  repacions,  if  ther  be  any  fawte  therin  ye  shall 
p'sent  it. 

"  Also  whether  yor  fonte  be  under  lokke  and  key,  And 
if  it  be  not  ye  shall  p'sente  it. 

"  Also  whether  ye  hare  sufficient  bellis,  belle-roppes, 
and  -whether  they  be  whole  or  well  framyd  or  hangid, 
and  if  ther  be  any  fawte  therin  ye  shall  p'sent  it. 

"  Also  whether  yor  Churche  littyn  be  sufficiently  en- 
closed or  kept  clene  or  honest  and  if  their  be  any  fawte 
therin  ye  shall  p'sente  it. 

"  Also  whether  be  any  goods  or  stokks  of  yor  churchis, 
geven  to  the  mayntanyng  of  any  lighte  of  yor  Churchis 
or  any  other  yowse,  be  decaid  or  lost  or  w*  olde'  and  by 
whose  negligence  ye  shall  p'sent  it. 

"  Also  whether  any  p'sons  w'holdith  any  Churche 
stokks  or  goods  belongyng  or  bequest  to  the  Churche 
and  p'sent  them. 

"Also  whether  the  churchmen  oons  A  yere  gyve  ac- 
comptts  of  the  Churche  goods  to  the  pochians  or  noo. 

"  Also  whether  ther  be  a  trew  Inventary  made  of  the 
churche  goodis  and  ornaments  and  Jewells  or  noo.  Of  this 
and  all  other  things  that  concernyth  the  state  of  yor 
Churchis  that  is  necessary  to  be  refbrmyd,  ye  shall  in- 
quyre therof,  and  p'sent  it,  by  the  vertue  of  yr  othis. 

"  The  seconde  p'tie  of  yor  charge  shalbe  to  inquyre  whe- 
ther yor  psones  or  vicars  be  resident  uppon  their  benefices, 
And  "they  be  nott  ye  shall  p'sent  it. 

"Also  whether  yor  Channcellis  psonage  or  vicarage 
and  all  other  howses  belongyng  to  them  be  sufficiently  re- 
paired or  noo  and  if  their  be  any  fawte  therin  ye  shall 
p'sente  it. 

"Also  whether  they  do  say  there  devyne  s'vice  at  due 
owris  and  due  tymis  and  mynistre  sacraments  and  sacra- 
mentals  to  there  pochians  when  they  be  callid  or  re- 
quyred  and  if  they  doo  not  ye  shall  p'sente  them. 

"  Also  whether  yor  p'sons  or  vicars  or  their  curetts  do 
fowre  tymes  yn  the  yere  declare  and  publishe  the  gen'all 
sentence  of  excoication  the  Articles  of  the  faith  the 
tenn  comanndements  the  vii  dedly  syns  the  vii  werkks 
of  mersy  bodely  and  goostly  the  iiii  caVdinall  vertues  and 
the  viif  beatitudes  as  he  is"  bounde  to  doo,'  and  if  he  doo 
not  ye  shall  putc  hym. 


"  Also  whether  your  p'sons  or  vicars  makith  any  dila- 
pidacion  or  alienation  of  the  goods  of  his  churche, "and  if 
he  doo  ye  shall  p'sente  it. 

"  Also  whether  yor  p'song  or  vicars  be  lawfully  pos- 
sessed of  their  busnis  or  not  that  is  to  say  whether  they 
come  by  it  by  vests  or  rewards  or  granntyng  of  ffees  or 
annuyties  or  any  other  wise  by  symony,  and  if  they  have 
doon  soo  ye  shall  p'sente  them. 

"  Also  whether  yor  p'sons  or  vicars  or  p'stys  holdith  or 
kepeth  any  suspecte  women  in  their  housis"  or  chambers 
or  have  any  resortyng  to  them  suspiciously,  or  if  they 
re^orte  to  any,  or  whether  they  be  notyd  or  infamyd  of 
incontynency  or  lechery,  if  ye  knowe  ye  shall  p'sente  it. 

"  Also  whether  they  useth  playing  at  the  cards  or  disc 
or  hauntith  any  opvn  taverns  or  "ale  howses  or  be  di-tem- 
bred  or  dronkyn,  yf  ye  knowe  any  suche  ye  shall  p'sente 
them. 

"  Also  whether  any  of  their  p'ochians  hath  decessed  by 
their  negligence  w*oute  the  Sacraments  of  the  Church 
And  if  ye  knowe  any  suche  ye  shall  pnte  it. 

"  Also  whether  yor  p'sons  vicars  or  preests  doo  opynly 
were  and  here  wepons  or  use  any  apparell  contrary  to 
the  habit  of  p'sts  if  ye  know  any  suche  ye  shall  p'sente 
hym. 

"  Also  whether  they  doo  use  any  convicious  or  ri- 
bawde  speche,  or  slannder  any  p'sone,  or  if  the  use  brally  ng 
quarrellyng  or  fightyng  if  ye  knowe  any  suche  ye  shall 
pnte  them. 

"  Also  whether  yor  p'sons  vicars  and  curatts  doo  denye 
any  sacrament  of  the  Churche  to  any  pson,  or  buryall,  for 
any  duties  or  demaunde,  if  ye  knowe  any  suche  ye  shall 
p'sent  them. 

"Also  whether  any  of  yor  p'sons  vicars  or  p'ests  use 
any  negociation  or  byyng  or  sellyng  or  marchauntise,  if 
ye'knowe  any  suche  ye  shall  p'sent  hym. 

Also  whether  they  doo  instructe  the  myddewifes  howe 
the  shulde  ordere  them  self  yn  mynystryng  the  sacra- 
ment of  baptyme  yn  tyme  yn  the  tyme  of  p'ill  and  neces- 
site  and  showe  to  "them  the  wordis'of  the  Sacrament,  and 
if  there  be  any  faute  therin  ye  shall  p'sente  hym. 

"Also  whether  they  doo  mynystre  any  sacrament  or 
sacramentals  to  the  pochians  of  another  piche  w'oute 
licence,  if  ye  know  any  suche  ye  shall  pnte  them. 

"Also  whether  they  doo  solemm'se  any  matrymony 
betwixte  any  p'sons  havyng  any  opyn  Impediment  or  be 
not  lawfully  axid  If  ye  doo  knowe  any  suche  ye  shall 
pnte  them. 

"  Also  whether  ye  know  any  p'son  vicar  or  curatt  that 
doth  admit te  any  opyn  suspendid  or  cursid  p'sone  by  the 
lawe  (or  may  lawfully)  to  devyne  s'vice,  or  mynystre  any 
Sacrament  to  them  "or  co'mitte  any  poynte  of  irregu- 
larite,  if  ye  know  any  suche  ye  shall  pnte  it. 

"Also  whether  they  usithe  to  resorte  to  any  opyn  spec- 
tacles, as  here  baytyngs  bull  baytings  or  frays  orplacis  of 
execution  of  deth'e,  if  ye  knowe  any  suche  ye  shall  p'nte 
them. 

"  Also  whether  they  fynde  and  mayntayne  suche  lightts 
in  the  chauncell  as  they  ar  bownde  or  suffre  their  hogga 
or  swvne  to  digge  and  deforme  the  Churche  yarde,  if  ye 
knowe  any  suche  ye  shall  p'nte  them. 

"  Also  whether  "the  p'sons  vicars  or  Curatts  do  lie  w*in 
there  piches  or  noo,  if  they  doo  not  ye  shall  p'nt  them. 

"Also  whether  they  suffer  their  Churchis  to  take  damage 
for  not  axyng  of  their  tythes  and  duties  that  they  owght 
to  have  of"  right,  for  fere  of  any  p'sone  or  for  affection  of 
any  p'sone  or  for  fere  of  spending  of  money. 

•'Also  whether  vr  p'sons  vicars  or  Curatts  injoyne 
any  p'sone  in  penance  in  tyme  of  confession  to  have 
masses  or  trentals  to  thynte'nt  they  myght  have  avaun- 
tage  by  if,  And  if  ye  know  any  suche  ye  shall  p'sente 
them. 


2aJ  S.  IX.  FEB.  25.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


137 


"  Of  these  articles  and  all  other  th yngs  concernyng  your 
p'sons  vicars  and  p'ests  that  is  to  be  reformyd  ye  shall 
inquyre  therof  and  p'sent  it,  by  the  vertue  of  your  othis. 

"  The  thirde  pte  of  your  charge  is  concernyng  the  lyfe 
and  conersacion  of  the  lay  people  of  the  piche  ye  come 
fro. 

"  Ffirst  ye  shall  inquyre  whether  ther  be  any  p'sons 
that  be  infamyd  or  suspectid  of  heresie  whichecrafte 
Incantacions  or  of  any  sup'sticiows  opynyon  agenst  the 
detennynacion  of  the  Church  or  wol!  dispute  or  reason  of 
dowbts  of  devynite  if  ye  knowe  any  suche  ye  shall  p'nte 
them. 

"  Also  ye  shall  inqwyre  whether  any  p'sone  doo  com'itte 
any  usary  yn  lendyng  money  or  corne  or  any  other  thinge 
for  to  have  jnricate  and  aVauntage  for  the  lone,  thes 
p'sons  be  excoicate  if  ye  knowe  any  suche  ye  shall  p'sent 
them. 

"  Also_ye  shall  inquyre  whether  ther  be  any  p'sons  that 
hath  comitted  inceste  that  is  to  say  if  any  p'sone  hath 
carnally  knowen  his  kyus  woman  If  ye  know  any  suche 
ye  shall  p'nte  them. 

"  Also  whether  any  p'sone  hath  comyttid  any  sacrilege 
that  is  to  sey  if  any  p'son  hath  carnally  offended  wl  any 
religiows  woman  or  takyn  any  thing  oute  of  Churche  or 
churche  yarde  or  any  other  halowed  place,  If  ye  knowe 
any  suche  ye  shall  p'nte  them. 

"  Also  whether  any  p'sons  lyvyth  in  adowtry  that  is 
to  say  if  any  weddid"  man  lyvith  incontynently  w*  ano- 
ther woman  beside  his  wife,  And  yn  lykewise  a  weddid 
woman  beside  hir  husband,  yf  ye  knowe  any  suche  ye 
shall  p'nte  them. 

"Also  whether  any  p'sons  w'in  yor  piches  lyvith  in 
fornicacion  that  is  to  say  a  single  man  carnally  doth  of- 
fende  w*  a  single  woman  being  not  married  or  if  any 
p'sone  hath  deflowred  and  begilde  any  woman  of  hir 
virginitie  if  ye  know  any  suche  ye  shall  p'nte  them. 

"Also  if  their  be  any  p'sons  that  doith  adiuTstre  a  dede 
mans  goods  w'oute  auturite  of  thordinary  or  lette  a 
dede  mans  testament  and  last  wyll,  or  doith  to*  holde  any 
bequest  or  legacy  made  yn  his  testament  or  doo  make 
any  dede  of  a  yeste  of  his  "goodis  to  thyntente  to  defrawde 
the  churche  th'ordinary  or  his  creditors,  All  thes  p'sons 
soo  doyng  be  excoicate  yf  ye  knowe  any  suche  ye  shall 
p'nte  them. 

"Also  if  ther  be  any  p'sons  that  doith  w1  holde 
any  tethes  as  well  p'sonall  comyng  by  his  crafte  as 
p'diall  comyng  or  growyng  yn  the  ffeldis  or  mixte  or 
customable  oblations,  or  geveth  counsaile  to  other  to 
wMiolde  there  tythes  or  oblacions,  all  thes  p'sons  be  ex- 
coicate if  ye  knowe  any  suche  ye  shall  p'nte  them. 

'•  Also  whether  ther  be  any  p'sons  that  doith  lay  violente 
handis  upon  preests  they  be  excoicate,  yf  ye  knowe  any 
suche  ye  shall  p'nte  them. 

•'  Also  whether  there  be  any  p'sons  that  doith  brek  the 
liberties  ot  the  churrhe  in  takyng  any  man  that  taketh 
the  p'vilege  of  the  churche  and  violently  pullith  hym 
oute  of  Churche  or  Churche  yarde,  they  soo  doyng  be  ex- 
cuu-ate,  If  ye  knowe  any  suche  ye  shall  present  them. 

'•Also  whether  there"  be  any  "p'sons  that  be  unlawfully 
maried  together  havvng  any  impediment  of  consan"- 
guinite  carnall  or  spirall  or  w'owte  bunys  axyng,  or 
make  any  p'vy  contracts,  If  ye  knowe  any  suche  ye 
shall  p'nte  them. 

"AUo  whether  ther  be  any  p'sons  that  doith  jnot 
sanctifie  their  holydays  and  comyth  nott  to  their  piche 
churchU  sonduies  &  holydays,  and  those  daies  iorlow 
their  hbors  and  werks,  If  ye  knowe  any  suche  ye  shall 
p  nte  them. 

"  Also  if  their  be  any  comm'n  slawnderers  of  their  ney- 


bors  or  scoldis  or  detractors,  If  ye  knowe  any  suche  ye 
shall  p'nte  them. 

"  Also  if  there  be  any  that  be  opyn  swerers  or  piured 
psons  if  ye  know  anv  suche  ye  shall  pnte  them. 

"Also'if  their  be  any  psons  that  doith  lette  thordinarie 
Jurisdiction  of  the  exercise  of  the  same  If  ye  knowe 
any  such  ye  shall  pnte  them. 

"  Also  if  there  be  any  women  that  doo  oppresse  there 
childryn  in  leyng  of  them  yn  the  bedde  AY*  them  If  ye 
knowe  any  surhe  ye  shall  p'nte  them. 

"Also  if  there  be  any  lay  man  or  woman  Avoll  p'sume 
to  silt  in  the  Chauncell  yn  tyme  of  devyne  s'vice  agenst 
the  Curatt's  mynde  If  ye"  knowe  any  suche  ye  shall 
p'nte  them. 

"Also  if  their  be  any  p'sons  that  usith  talkyng  and 
laugehyng  yn  the  Church  yn  tyme  of  devyne  s'vice,  or 
doo  lette  dev3rne  s'vice  ye  shall  truly  p'nte  them. 

"  Also  if  there  be  any  p'sons  that  leith  violent  handis 
uppon  his  ffather  and  mother  naturall  or  godfather  or 
godmother  they  be  excoicate  And  if  ye  knowe  any  suche 
y6  shall  p'nte  them. 

"  Of  these  articles  inspeciall  and  of  all  other  things  in 
gen'all  that  concernyth  the  state  of  yor  Churchis  the  life 
and  con'ersacion  of  p'sons  vicars  Curatts  and  other  my- 
nysters  of  the  same  and  also  the  lyfe  and  con'ersacion  of 
the  lay  people  of  the  piche  ye  come  fro,  that  ye  shall 
fynde  to  be  redressid  and  reformyd,  ye  shall  truly  serche 
and  inquire  therof,  and  p'sente  it  to  the  Courte,  &  nott 
lette  soo  to  doo  for  favor  (ore  affection  or  drede  of  any 
p'son,  uppon  payne  of  p'iury,  and  goo  to  getliir,  and  mak 
yor  bills,  and  bring  them  into  the  Courte." 


"THE  TEMPORAL  GOVERNMENT  OF  THE 
POPE'S  STATE." 

Among  the  memoranda  of  an  old  friend  I  have 
found  the  notice  of  a  work  which  I  think  may  be 
interesting  to  many  readers  at  the  present  mo- 
ment, though  I  am  at  present  unable  to  refer 
them  to  a  copy.  The  following  is  the  title: —  The. 
Temporal  Government  of  the  Pope's  State.  Lond. 
1788,  8vo.,  Johnson,  pp.  268.* 

This  book,  my  friend's  memorandum  says,  was 
written  by  an  English  gentleman  (Denham),  who 
was  Pro  v  id  it  or  of  Corn  at  Civita  Vecchia  under 
Clement  XIV.  (Gangarielli.j  He  was  removed  by 
Pope  Pius  VI.,  which  accounts  for  the  acrimony 
he  discovers  against  him  and  his  projects.  The 
work  consists  of  thirty  chapters  :  — 

1.  Introduction.     The  Psipal  power,  too  vicious 
to  maintain  itself,  has  been  supported  by  the  con- 
tributions ol'otlier  nations.     These  were,  A  D.  1788, 
2,435,002  Roman  crowns,  566,279  at,  103  crowns 
=one  pound. 

2.  The  Pope  is  absolute  as  a  temporal  prince. 

3.  Pope's  Domestic  Revenue. —  Farms  of  lands, 
taxes   and  duties  on  wines  and    brandies;  tuxes 
upon  meat,  and  wheat;  duties  on  all  goods  imported, 
and  a  lotto. 

4.  Dt-bts  of  the  Si  ate.  —  Luoghi  di  Monte,  a 
species  of  bank  of  loan.    II  Motile  di  Pietci  and  11 

[*  This  work  is  in  the  King's  Library,  British  Mu- 
seum.— ED  ] 


138 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  FEB.  25.  '60. 


Sa?i  Spirito.     Issue  CedoU  on  pledges  left,  but  now  | 
without  pledges,  and  to  an  enormous  amount. 

5.  Pope's  ministers  and  magistrates  in  general, 
near  300;  all  prelates,  ignorant,  &o. 

6.  Plan  of  the  Pope's  government. 

7.  Sagra  Consulta  consists  of  the  Secretary  of  | 
State  (Card.  Pallavicini),  a  secretary  (M.  Gallo),  ! 
and  eight  ponenti ;    a  criminal  court  for  laymen, 
and  for  the  sanita. 

8.  Governor  of  Rome  (Ferd.   Spinalli  of  Na- 
ples).    He  is  also  called  Vice-Chamberlain. 

9.  Pope's  Auditor  (Ph.  Campanelli),  a  supreme  j 
judge  in  civil  causes. 

10.  Segnatura  di  Giustizia  (Card.  Salviatti),  12 
votanti,  and  an  auditor  for  Appeals ;    Segnatura 
di  Grazia  (Card.  Corsine),  a  general,  and  August 
Tribunal,  likewise  for  appeals. 

11.  The  Tribunal  called  A.  C.,  Auditor  of  the 
Chamber. 

12.  Senate  (Prince  Rezzonico).     His  auditor, 
two  collaterals,  and  one  judge  of  appeal. 

13.  Cardinal  Vicar  (Colonna)  has  both  civil  and 
criminal  jurisdiction. 

14.  The  Rota  consists  of  twelve  prelates,  three 
Romans,  one  of  Bologna,  one  of  Ferrara,  one  of 
Tuscany,  one  Milanese,  one  German,  one  French, 
one  Spaniard,  one  Venetian.     The  Pope  appoints 
only  the  five  first.     Determine  on  foreign  appeals. 

15 — 21.  Apostolic  Chamber,  consists  of  the  Car- 
dinal Camerlengo,  who  is  the  head  (Card.  Rezzo- 
nico), the  Roman  Quaestor,  the  treasurer  ( ), 

Prcef.  JErarii  The  Auditor  General  (J.  Gregori), 
and  twelve  Cherici  di  Camera ;  these  have  jurisdic- 
tion jointly  and  separately.  These  are  —  1.  Pre- 
siden'te  delle  Armi  (P.  Maffei)  ;  2.  Prefetto  dell' 
Annona  (J.  Albani)  ;  3.  Presidente  della  Grascia 
(J.  Kinuccini)  ;  4.  President  of  the  Streets  ( J.  B. 
Busse)  ;  5.  Prefetto  dell'  Archive  (R.  Finoc- 
chietti)  ;  6.  Presidente  della  Moneta  (J.  Vai)  ;  7. 
Of  the  Quays  (F.  Mantici) ;  8.  Of  the  Prisons ;  9. 
Of  the  Navy  (A.  Mariscotti)  ;  10.  Mills;  11. 
Gavotti;  12.  Ruffo. 

22.  Major  domd  (Ramualdus   Braschi  Onesti, 
Pope's  nephew). 

23.  Congregatione  del  Buon    Governo   (Card. 
Casali)  superintends   all  the  communities  of  the 
state. 

24.  Congregationi  di  St.  Ives,  protects  the  poor. 

25.  Agriculture. 

26.  Manufactures. 

27.  Commerce. 

28.  General  State  of  Justice. 

29.  Nepotism. 

30.  Conclusion.  Y.  S. 


NOTES  ON  HUDIBRAS. 

The  following  is  copied  from  the  fly-leaves  of  a 
small  edition  of  Hudibras,  date  1800;  and  as  it 
purports  to  have  been  originally  communicated 


by  the  author,  Butler,  to  the  family  from  whom 
it  came,  carries  with  it  a  direct  authenticity,  and 
forms  a  key  to  the  real  persons  mentioned  in  the 
poem.  The  epigram  by  Wesley  is  copied  from 
the  same  book.  I  am  not  aware  if  it  has  ever  ap- 
peared in  print,  and  if  not,  it  may  be  worth  record- 
ing in  "N.  &  Q.":*  — 

"The  Hero  of  this  Poem  was  Sir  Sam1  Luke,  self-con- 
ceited commander  under  Oliver  Cromwell.  Ralph  was 
one  Isaac  Robinson,  a  zealous  Butcher  in  Moorfields,  who, 
in  41,  &c.,  was  always  contriving  some  new  (queer?) 
Cuts  of  Church  Government.  Crowderswas  one  Jephson, 
a  Milliner  in  the  New  Exchange  in  the  Strand,  who  fell 
to  decay  by  losing  a  Leg  in  the  Round  Head's  service, 
was  after  obliged  to  fiddle  from  one  Alehouse  to  another. 

"  Orsin  was  Josua  Goslin  who  kept  Bears  in  Paris 
Garden,  Southwark. 

"  Tolgol  was  Jackson,  a  Butcher  in  Newgate  Street, 
who  got  a  Captain's  Commission  for  his  rebellious  bravery 
at  Naseby  Fight. 

"  Mognano  was  Simeon  Wait,  a  Tinker,  as  famous  an 
Independent  Preacher  as  Burroughs,  who,  with  equal 
blasphemy,  would  style  Oliver  Cromwell  the  Archangel 
giving  Battle  to  the  Devil. 

"  Trulla  was  the  Daughter  of  James  Spencer,  a  Quaker, 
debauched  first  by  her  Father,  and  afterwards  by  Mag- 
nano  the  Tinker  aforementioned. 

"  Cerdon  was  one-eyed  Hewson  the  Cobler,  who  from 
a  private  Sentinel  was  made  a  Colonel  in  the  Rump 
Army. 

«'  Colon  was  Noel  Pewyan  [Ned  Perry?],  Hostler,  who, 
though  he  loved  Bear-baiting,  was  nevertheless  such  a 
strange  Precisian  that  he  would  lye  with  any  w***e  but 
the  wh**e  of  Babylon. 

"  Six  Members  were  Lord  Kimbolton,  Hollis,  Pirn, 
Hampden,  Stroud,  and  Sir  Arthur  Haslerig. 

"  Circumcised  Brethren  were  Prynne,  Bertie,  and  Bast- 
wick,  who  lost  their  Ears,  and  Noses  were  slit,  and 
branded  in  the  foreheads  for  lampooning  Henrietta  Maria, 
Queen  of  England,  and  the  Bishops. 

"  The  Widow  was  the  precious  Relict  of  Aminidab 
Wilmer,  an  Independent  killed  at  Edge  Hill  Fight,  hav- 
ing 200J.  left  her.  Hudibras  fell  in  love  with  her  or  did 
worse. 

"  Baited  the  Pope's  Bull,  a  polemical  Piece  of  Divinity, 
said  to  be  wrote  by  Dr.  Whitaker. 

"  Smeck,  a  contraction  of  Smcctymnaeus,  a  word  made 
up  of  the  Initial  Letters  of  five  factions  [of  the]  Rebels, 
Stephen  Marshal,  Ed.  Calamy,  Thos.  Young,  Matt  New- 
common,  and  Wm  Spurstow,  who  wrote  and  subscribed  a 
Book  against  Episcopacy  and  the  Common  Prayer. 

"  For  some  Philosophers,  &c.  means  Sr  Kenelm  Digbjy 
who  in  his  Book  of  Bodies  gives  Relation  of  a  German 
Boy  living  in  the  Woods  and  going  on  all  four. 

"  Kelly,  an  Irish  Priest  who  forwarded  the  Rebellion 
by  preaching  in  Disguise  among  the  Dissenters  of  those 
Times. 

"  Wachum,  a  foolish  Welshman,  one  Tom  Jones  that 
could  neither  write  nor  read  Zany  to  Lilly  the  Astrolo- 
ger. 

"  Lewkneis  Lane,  a  Nursery  of  lewd  Women,  but  re- 
sorted to  by  the  Round  Heads. 

"  Sterry,  a  fanatical  preacher,  admired  by  Hugh  Peters. 

"Lame  Vicegerent  Richd  Cromwell,  then  was  a  Poli- 

[*  The  Epigram  by  Wesley  has  frequently  appeared 
in  print.  The  Notes  are  nearly  identical  with  those  of 
Sir  Roger  L'Estrange ;  and  if  Mr.  Shadwell's  account  of 
their  origin  be  correct,  point  out  the  source  from  which 
L'Estrange  derived  his  information. — ED.  "N.  &  Q."] 


2nd  S.  IX.  FEB.  25.  '80.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


139 


tichn,  Sr  Anthony  Ashley  Cooper,  afterwards  Earl  of 
Shaftsbury,  tried  at  the  Old  Bailey,  24»h  Novr,  1681,  for 
libelling  the  King. 

"To  match  this  Saint  there  was  another  Coll11  John 
Lilburn,  Chief. 

"  Sr  Pride,  First  a  Drayman,  afterwards  a  Colonel  in 
the  Parliament  Army. 

"  Gre&tCroysado,  General  Lord  Fairfax,  an  old  dansor(  ?), 
Old  Prideaux,  noted  equally  for  extorting  money  from 
Delinquents  as  from  Dissenters. 

«  Philip  Nye,  one  of  the  Assembly  of  dissenting  Minis- 
ters, noted  for  his  ugly  Beard. 

"  The  proceeding  Illustrations  of  the  Principal  Charac- 
ters in  the  Poem  were  taken  from  a  Manuscript  in  the 
Possession  of  Mr  Lomax  of  Bath,  whose  Great  Grand- 
father was  intimate  with  Butler,  and  from  whom  he  re- 
ceived the  account. 

"  Mr.  Lomax  allowed  them  to  be  transcribed  by  me, 

"  Jno  Shadwell, 
«  !•»  February,  1803." 

Epigram  by  Mr.  Wesley  alluding  to  a  well- 
known  text  of  Scripture  on  the  setting  up  of  a 
monument  in  Westminster  Abbey  to  the  memory 
of  Butler  :  — 

"  While  Butler,  needy  wretch,  was  yet  alive 
No  gen'rous  Patron  would  a  Dinner  give: 
See  him,  when  starv'd  to  Death  and  turn'd  to  Dust, 
Presented  with  a  Monumental  Bust: 
The  Poet's  Fate  is  here  in  emblem  shown : 
He  ask'd  for  Bread  and  he  received  a  Stone." 

J.  TANSWELL. 
Temple. 


COLDHARBOUR. 

There  has  been  already  so  much  discussion  in 
"  N.  &  Q."  as  to  the  derivation  of  this  word,  which 
occurs  so  frequently  in  the  names  of  places  in  the 
south-eastern  counties  of  Kent,  Surrey,  and  Sus- 
sex, that  I  have  felt  considerable  reluctance  to 
reopen  the  subject.  But  reflection  has  so  con- 
vinced me  that  I  have  stumbled  upon  its  real 
origin  that  I  am  induced  to  lay  it  before  your 
readers.  Coldharbour,  sometimes,  and,  I  believe, 
more  correctly,  written  "  Coleharbour,"  that  is, 
"  Cole-arberye,"  or  wood-coal,  was  applied  as  a 
name  to  places  where  charcoal  was  made  or  sold. 
Mr.  Halliwell,  in  his  Dictionary  of  Archaic  and 
Provincial  Words,  has  — 

"  Arberye,  Wood.  —  In  that  contree  is  but  lytille  ar- 
Itenje,  ne  trees  that  beren  fruite,  ne  othere.  Thei  ly}n  in 
tentes,  and  thei  brennen  the*dong  of  bestes  for  defaute  of 
wood."  —  Maundeville's  Travels,  p.  256. 

"  Enhorilde  with  arborye,  and  alkyns  trees."  —  Morte 
Arthurs,  MS.  Lincoln,  f.  87. 

That  the  consumption  of  charcoal  by  the  iron- 
works in  these  counties  in  former  times  was  very 
great  is  well  known.  Simon  Sturtevant,  in  his 
Metattica,  published  in  1612,  says  "  there  are  400 
milnes  for  the  making  of  iron  in"Surry,  Kent,  and 
Sussex,  as  the  townsmen  of  Haslemere  have  testi- 
fied and  numbered  unto  me;"  and  he  calculates  that 
"one  milne  alone  spendeth  yearly  in  char-coale 
500  pound  and  more"  (p.  5.  of  the  reprint  of  the 


Metallica,  by  T.  Simpson,  Wolverhampton,  in 
1854.) 

This  enormous  consumption  of  charcoal  ac- 
counts for  the  frequency  with  which  the  name 
occurs  in  these  counties;  as  the  number  of  "milnes  " 
in  a  similar  manner  accounts  for  the  frequency  of 
the  name  of  "Hammer  Forts"  and  "Hammer 
Ponds  "  scattered  throughout  the  "  forest  ridge  " 
of  Sussex  (see  Murray's  Handbook  for  Surrey, 
Hants,  and  hie  of  Wight,  1858,  p.  135.).  The 
name  of  this  manufacture  is  retained  in  other 
forms ;  for  we  find  the  road  leading  from  Godal- 
ming  to  Peperharrow  is  called  "Charcoal  Lane" 
(ib.  p.  134.);  and  there  is  in  the  Ordnance  Map, 
about  one  mile  west  of  Nutfield,  a  place  called 
"Colmonger's  Farm." 

The  only  objection  to  this  derivation  that  oc- 
curs to  me  is,  that  the  word  arberye,  which  was 
thus  so  frequently  and  commonly  applied  to  places 
where  charcoal  was  made  or  sold,  had  dropped  out 
of  our  language,  even  so  early  as  the  reigns  of 
Henry  VIII.  and  Elizabeth,  when  the  iron  trade 
flourished  in  these  parts  of  the  country.  During 
these  reigns  numerous  acts  of  parliament  were 
passed  for  the  protection  and  preservation  of  our 
timber,  but  the  word  arberye  never  occurs  in  any 
of  them.  This,  however,  is  merely  negative  ;  and 
similar  instances  of  the  disuse  of  words  might  be 
mentioned;  as  in  the  instance  of  the  word  "  mon- 
ger," which  for  a  very  long  time  is  only  found  in 
combination  with  other  words,  as  in  "  ironmon- 
ger," "  costard- monger,"  and,  as  above-mentioned, 
in  "  colmonsrer."  C.  T. 


SIR  PETER  PAUL  RUBENS. 

PRICES  OF  HIS  PICTURES   AS  APPRAISED  BY  THE 
COMMONWEALTH. 

MR.  SAINSBURY  has  so  fully  and  felicitously 
illustrated  the  life  of  this  illustrious  artist,  follow- 
ing his  career  not  only  as  a  painter,  but  a  diplo- 
matist, as  Andrew  Marvel  tells  us  :  — 

"  For  so,  too,  Rubens  with  affairs  of  state 
His  laboring  pencil  oft  would  recreate," — 

that  he  has  left  but  little  ground  to  beat  over. 
When,  however,  the  iron  rule  of  Cromwell  had 
determined  upon  sacrificing  the  relics  of  royalty, 
and  to  disperse  the  magnificent  collections  of  art 
amassed  prior  to  the  usurpation,  some  few  of  the 
creations  of  Rubens  fell  to  the  hand  of  the  ap- 
praiser. 

In  one  of  Symonds'  Diaries  it  is  stated  :  "  The 
Committee  at  Somerset  House  valued  the  King's 
pictures  at  200,000/.,  notwithstanding  that  both 
himself  arid  the  Queen  had  carried  away  abund- 
ance." It  may  be  curious  to  note  the  prices  at 
which  some  of  those  painted  by  Rubens  were  sold, 
as  compared  with  their  present  estimated  value  : — 

1.  One  described  as  "Three  naked  Nymphs,"  &c., 
which  I  judge  to  be  the  same  with  the  following:  "A 


140 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  FKD.  25.  '60. 


large  piece,  —  three  nymphs  sleeping,  two  satyrs,  the 
landscape  of  Snyders,  with  dead  game,"  —  mentioned 
afterwards  as  being  in  Whitehall  in  1687-8.  VVhen  King 
Charles's  pictures  were  resolved  upon  to  be  disposed  by 
the  Commonwealth,  this  was  marked  as  "sold  to  Mr. 
Latham,"  &c.,  in  a  dividend  as  appraised  23rd  Oct.  1651, 
for  501. 

2.  "  Diana  and  Action  "  (a  copy  after  Titian),  appraised 
at  30/.;  and  sold  Mr.  Jasper,  21st  May,  1650,  for  3 1/. 

3.  "Peace  and  Plenty,"  with  many  figures  as  big  as 
the  life ;  appraised  at,  and  sold  for  100/.    Sold  Mr.  Har- 
rison. 

[There  would  appear  to  have  been  two  paintings  from 
the  pencil  of  Rubens  upon  this  subject:  — 
i.  The  picture  of  an  emblem  wherein  the  difference 
and  ensuences  between  Peace  and  War  are  shewed, 
which  Sir  Peter  Paul  Rubens,  when  he  was  in  Eng- 
land, did  paint,  and  presented  himself  to  the  King, 
containing  some  nine  figures.     6  ft.  8  in.  x  9  ft.  11  in. 

ii.  Trophies  emblematic    of  Peace  and   War  (see 
.Smith's  Cat.  Rals.,  p  271.) 

Which  of  these  two  is  the  one  valued  above?] 

4.  "  The  Duke  of  Mantua,"  30/.     Sold  Mr.  Bass  and 
others,  19th  Dec.  1651.    Probably  this  may  answer  to 
the  one  intituled :  "  The  Picture  of  the  lately  deceased 
3'oung  Duke  Mantua's  Brother,  done  in  armour  to  the 
shoulders,  when  he  was  in  Italy,  in  a  carved  wooden  gilded 
frame."    2ft.  1  in.  x  1  ft.  10  in. 

[Bought  by  the  King  when  he  was  Prince.] 

5.  "  The  Duchess  of  Mantua,"  21.    Sold  Mr.  Baggley, 
&c.,  23rd  Oct.  1651. 

[This  picture  is  not  mentioned  in  Smith's  Cat.  Rais.  ] 

6.  "Christ  hanging  on  the  Cross,"  after  Rubens,  3Z. 
Sold   Mr.  Drayton,   19th  Feb.   1649,  for  41.     (Classed 
among  Somerset  House  pictures.) 

7.  One  piece  done  by  Rubens  (among  the  "  Greenwich 
Pictures"),  150/.    Sold  Mr.  Latham,  &c.,  23rd  Oct.  1651. 

[This,  as  bearing  the  highest  valuation  of  paintings  by 
the  hand  of  Rubens,  has  no  other  description  than  the 
above ;  and  I  would  ask,  can  it  in  any  way  be  identified  ?  ] 

8.  "  Diana  and  Calista,"  by  Rubens  after  Rubens,  30/. 
Sold  Mr.  Jasper,  21st  May,  1650,  for  3 1/. 

It  is  well  known  that  Rubens  copied  the  works 
of  other  masters,  and  sometimes  reproduced  those 
painted  by  himself;  but  my  last  entry  will  show 
that  occasionally  he  did  not  even  disdain  the  art 
of  a  restorer :  — 

"  Item,  a  man's  picture  with  two  hands,  wherof  Sir 
Peter  Paul  Rubens  has  mended  the  said  hands,  being  in  a 
black  habit,  done  by  Julio  Romano,  bought  by  the  king, 
so  big  as  the  life,  done  upon  board  in  a  black  frame.  3  ft. 
1  in.  x  2  ft.  6  in." 

POLECARP  CHENER. 


BISHOP  BERKELEY'S  WORKS  AND  LIFE.  —  It  is 
singular  that  no  tolerable  Lite  of  Bishop  Berkeley, 
nor  any  edition  of  his  complete  works,  has  yet 
been  given  to  the  world.  In  the  meantime  your 
correspondents  may  in  some  measure  supply  these 
wants  by  collecting  the  scattered  materials.  In 
the  hope  of  eliciting  more  valuable  contributions, 
I  offer  my  quota,  omitting  the  common  books  of 
reference. 


He  made  tar-water  fashionable  (Abp.  Herring's 
Letters,  1777,  pp.  70.  74.).  He  is  noticed  by 
Whiston  (Memoirs  of  Clarke,  133,  134.).  On  his 
American  scheme,  see  Chandler's  Life  of  (the 
American)  Dr.  Sam.  Johnson,  p.  40.  seq.,  and 
Berkeley's  Letters  (ibid.),  pp.  155—164.*  The 
death  of  his  widow  (who  printed  some  interesting 
notices  of  his  habits  in  the  Addenda  to  his  article 
in  Kippis's  Biogr.  Brit.)  is  recorded  in  the  Euro- 
pean Magazine,  ix.  470.  Several  of  his  letters  are 
given  in  George  Monck  Berkeley's  Literary  Relics, 
and  one  in  the  Hanmcr  Correspondence,  p.  230. 

On  the  Berkeley  MSS.,  formerly  in  the  hands 
of  Mrs.  Hugh  James  Rose,  see  Anderson's  Colo- 
nial Church  (ed.  1.),  iii.  176.  461.  488. 

For  D'Alembert's  praise  of  the  bishop,  see  Gent. 
Mag.,  July  1850,  p.  51. 

Dr.  Berkeley,  the  younger,  almost  equalled  his 
father  in  devoted  zeal,  and  deserves  an  honourable 
place  in  the  church  history  of  the  eighteenth  cen- 
tury. A  letter  to  him  from  Dr.  Sam.  Johnson  is 
given  in  the  collection  known  as  John  Hughes's 
Letters,  iii.  165.  (Stratford  in  Connecticut,  Nov. 
1,  1771.)  J.  E.  B.  MAYOR. 

St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 

A  LEGEND  OF  THE  ZUIDERZEE. — We  read  that 
in  the  first  centuries  of  our  era,  the  Roode  Klif 
(Red  Cliff),  a  hillock  on  the  sea-coast,  near  the 
town  of  Stavoren,  was  reported  thrice  to  have 
vomited  fire ;  whereupon  the  still  heathenish 
Frisians  consulted  with  their  idol  Stavo,  to  know 
the  meaning  of  this  prodigy.  The  priests  told 
them  how  to  extinguish  the  fire,  and  predicted 
that  this  phenomenon  of  heat  would  be  succeeded 
by  "a  cold  substance."  AVhat  this  cold  substance 
was,  is  explained  in  the  Chronique  ofte  Historische 
Geschiedenisse  van  Vrieslant,  beschreven  door  Doct, 
Pierium  Winsemium,  fol.  47.,  under  the  year 
513:  — 

"  It  is  stated  that,  about  this  period,  there  lived  a  man, 
yclept  Tvo  Hoppers,  owning  the  Lands  situate  between 
Stavoren  and  Hoorn,  which  region  still  to  this  day  is 
calle  I  Hoppe,  but  now  quite  has  crumbled  down  into  the 
Zuider  Zee,  after  the  breaking  through  of  the  Northern 
Downs.  As  this  man's  maid  once  was  drawing  water 
from  a  certain  Well,  that  had  been  dug  into  this  same 
Sand,  by  hap  a  live  Herring  was  caught  in  the  Bucket, 
which  made  him,  Tvo  Hoppers,  sore  afraid,  as  he  remem- 
bered the  miracle  of  the  Idol  Stavo,  who  had  prophesied 
that  a  cold  substance  would  come  after  those  flames  of 
fire  from  the  Rood  CHf,  intending  thereby  to  predict  that 
the  fire  was  a  prognostication  of  future  floods,  which 
breaking  into  and  falling  over  the  Lands  between  East 
and  West  Friesland,  at  last  should  turn  into  a  great  Sea, 
as  was  afterwards  the  case.  Having  pondered  on  this, 
he  resolved,  at  the  very  first  opportunity,  to  sell  or  ex- 
change these  Lands  in  order  to  prevent  the  loss  thereby 
to  be  incurred,  which  being  accomplished,  he  settled  far 
East  of  Stavoren,  in  the  neighbourhood  of  the  Wood 
Fluyssen.  On  this  herring-capture,  shortly  afterwards 


*  Compare  the  Index  to  Updike's  History  of  the  Epis- 
copal Church  in  Narragansett  (New  York,  1847,  8vo.). 


2nd  S.  IX.  FEB.  25.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


141 


there  came  a  great  storm  and  Tempest  of  the  Sea ;  and 
one  so  violent,  that,  bracing  itself,  it  overspread  whole 
Frieslnnd  with  salt  waters,  and  swept  away  more  than  six 
thousand  men  and  cattle  unmentioned." — From  the  Album 
dtr  Natuur  for  1860,  p.  12. 

J.  II.  VAN  LENNEP. 
Zeyst,  near  Utrecht. 

NELSON'S  COXSWAIN,  SYKES  ?  —  John  Sykes, 
Nelson's  coxswain,  appears  to  have  been  killed, 
4  July,  1797,  when  protecting  Nelson  in  the  bay 
of  Cadiz.  At  all  events  he  was  dead  in  May, 
]811,  when  a  correspondent  of  the  Gentleman  s 
Magazine  suggested — as  part  of  an  inscription 
for  a  tablet,  proposed  to  be  erected  to  his  memory 
—  the  words  :  —  "thus  sacrificing  his  own  life  to 
preserve  the  gallant  Nelson."  Yet  the  Number 
for  May,  1841,  contains  the  following  announce- 
ment in  the  list  of  deaths  :  — 

"  Suddenly,  at  his  little  fishmonger's  shop,  in  Church 
Passage,  Greenwich,  that  venerable  tar,  Nelson's  cox- 
swain Sykes.  He  was  upwards  of  80  years  of  age,  and 
was  with  Lord  Nelson  during  the  whole  time  of  his  glo- 
rious deeds.  He  saved  the  life  of  that  illustrious  hero  in 
the  bay  of  Cadiz,  when  his  barge  containing  12  men 
was  attacked  by  a  Spanish  gun-boat  manned  by  26,  by 
twice  parrying  the  blows  that  were  aimed  at  him,  and  at 
last  actually  interposed  his  own  head  to  receive  a  sabre- 
cut  which  he  could  not  avert  by  any  other  means,  from 
which  he  received  a  dangerous  wound.  The  gun-boat 
was  captured  with  18  men  killed,  and  the  rest  wounded. 
He  also  greatly  distinguished  himself  at  the  battle  of 
Trafalgar." 

John  Henry  Sykes  of  Greenwich,  fishmonger, 
died  in  1841,  aged  sixty-four ;  was  a  native  of 
St.  Giles-in-the-Fields,  London ;  and,  during  the 
principal  part  of  his  life,  had  been  engaged  in 
the  whale  fishery.  He  spent  a  few  years  on  board 
an  East  India  trading  vessel,  but  never  served  in 
the  royal  navy  ;  yet,  by  common  consent,  this  in- 
dividual was  regarded  by  the  Greenwich  pen- 
sioners as  Nelson's  coxswain  ! 

Hence  the  mistake  into  which  the  contributor 
to  the  Gentleman  s  Magazine  in  May,  1841,  has 
fallen.  It  may  be  added  that  the  fishmonger 
never  publicly  disowned  the  honour  conferred 
upon  him,  but  enjoyed  the  joke  with  his  inti- 
mates. I  and  a  friend  bearing  the  patronymic 
common  to  these  notabilities — real  and  factitious — 
have  been  at  some  pains  to  ascertain  these  facts, 
and  have  "  enjoyed  the  joke  "  too  ;  but  would  be 
glad  to  learn  more  about  the  first- named. 

JAMES  SYKES. 

11,  Grove  Terrace,  St.  John's  Wood. 

AUTOCRAT  OF  THE  BREAKFAST  TABLE  :  W. 
COOKSON  :  WHIPPLETREE.  — In  spite  of  the  sneer 
of  the  author  of  the  above  work  at  "  small  anti- 
quaries who  make  barndoor  flights  of  learning  in 
Notes  and  Queries"  (p.  62.),  I  am  tempted  to 
"make  a  note  of"  two  things  which  I  "found" 
on  perusing  it.  On  p.  81.  he  speaks  of  a  book  on 
whose  title-page  was  written,  "  Gul.  Cookeson  ; 
K  Coll.  Omn.  Anim.  1725.  Oxon."  and  moralises 


thus,  "  O  Willinm  Cookeson,  of  All  Souls  Col- 
lege, Oxford, —  then  Writing  as  I  now  write, — 
now  in  the  dust,  where  I  shall  lie,  —  is  this  line 
all  that  remains  to  thee  of  earthly  remembrance?" 
To  which  the  answer  is,  Possibly  not;  if,  as  sedans 
not  improbable,  this  William  Cookson  was  the 
third  son  of  William  Cookson  who  (as  stated  in 
Thoresby's  Leeds)  was  Mayor  of  Leeds  in  1712, 
and  whose  brother  Joseph  was  lecturer  at  the 
parish  church  of  Leeds  in  1709.  Can  this  be 
ascertained  ? 

In  the  Deacons  Masterpiece  (p.  248.)  he  speaks 
of  whippletree  as  part  of  a  post-chaise.  Will 
this  help  to  a  solution  of  Chaucer's  ichipultree,  so 
much  discussed  in  your  pages  and  elsewhere? 

J.  EASTWOOD. 

THE  STANLEY  FAMILY. 

"  It  is  a  fact  agreed  on  by  all  antiquaries"  (says  the 
Quarterly  Review,  No.  205.),  "  that  the  Stanleys  sprang 
off  the  old  lords  Audley,  taking  their  new  name  from  the 
manor  of  Stanley." 

I  have  lately  met  with  a  remarkable  confirma- 
tion of  the  above;  for  in  the  Cartulary  of  Denla- 
cresse  Abbey,  now  in  the  Bodleian,  Dodsworth 
MS.  66,  fo.  111%  113.  is  this  passage :  — 

"  In  Leek  parish  (Staffordshire)  be  townes,  Lee,  Kne- 
don,  Stanley,  a  quo  Stanley  co.  I) er b.  fil' minor  de  Aud- 
ley," &c. 

ESLIGII. 

WELLINGTON  AND  NELSON.  —  Did  Lord  Nelson 
and  the  Duke  of  Wellington  ever  meet?  Some 
thirty  years  ago  a  print  was  published  represent- 
ing Lord  Nelson  and  the  Duke  of  Wellington  in 
one  room.  The  question  was  raised  as  to  such 
incident  being  a  fact  or  not.  Mr.  Henry  Graves 
about  this  time  asked  the  Duke  if  he,  the  Duke, 
ever  did  meet  or  even  see  Lord  Nelson.  The 
reply  was :  "  Well,  I  was  once  going  up  stairs  in 
Downing  Street,  and  I  met  a  man  coming  down 
stairs.  I  was  told  that  man  was  Lord  Nelson. 
So  far  as  I  know  that  was  the  only  occasion  on 
which  I  ever  met  or  saw  him."  • 

If  this  fact  is  not  known,  it  may  be  worth  the 
Note  made  of  it.  ROBERT  RAWLINSON. 

RECENT  MISAPPLICATION  OF  THE  WORDS  "  FA- 
CETIOUS "  AND  "  FACETIAE."  —  Allow  me  to  direct 
attention  to  the  abuse  of  the  words  above  speci- 
fied, which  has  of  late  crept  into  the  sale  cata- 
logues of  certain  booksellers.  I  do  not  allude  to 
the  application  of  the  terms  to  jest  books  even  of 
the  broadest  kind, — in  that  case  they  would  not  be 
out  of  place:  but  by  what  rule  of  orthography  or 
morality  the  filthy  literature,  erst  named  after 
Holywell  Street,  conies  to  be  classed  under  the 
head  "  facetiffi"  I  am  at  a  loss  to  conceive.  What 
makes  the  matter  worse  is  that  the  catalogues  I 
allude  to  almost  always  comprise  very  many  valu- 
able books ;  and  it  is  surely  a  hardship  that  one 
cannot  look  into  them  without  being  compelled  to 


142 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  FEB.  25.  '60. 


read  the  titles  of  hundreds  of  infamous  works, 
made  worse  by  descriptions  of  the  "  facetious  " 
plates  by  which  they  are  illustrated.  If  there  are 
purchasers  to  be  found  for  these  abominable  "  fa- 
cetiae," let  them  have  catalogues  to  themselves; 
and,  in  the  name  of  decency,  let  not  the  general 
public  be  trapped  into  reading  even  the  titles  of 
this  class  of  literature,  as  they  now  are,  under 
false  pretences.  JAMES  GRAVES. 

Kilkenny. 


«  HIGH  LIFE  BELOW  STAIRS." 

To  ask  who  wrote  High  Life  below  Stairs  may, 
perhaps,  call  to  mind  Mrs.  Kitty's  inquiry  "  who 
wrote  Shikspur  ?  "  It  will  equally,  though  more 
correctly,  cause  two  claimants  for  the  honour  to  be 
put  forward.  "Ben  Jonson,"  says  Sir  Harry, 
"  Kolly  Kibber,"  suggests  my  Lord  Duke,  in  re- 
ply to  Mrs.  Kitty's  query  :  "Garrick  "  will  answer 
some,  "  Townley  "  will  say  others,  in  reply  to 
mine. 

It  is  strange  that  any  doubt  should  exist  as  to 
the  authorship  of  so  popular  a  farce,  but  never- 
theless, as  far  as  I  am  able  to  ascertain,  the  fact  is 
so.  The  evidence  I  have  in  support  of  either 
name  is  as  follows  :  — 

In  a  note  to  "  A  word  or  two  on  the  late  farce 
called  High  Life  below  Stairs"  Mr.  Cunningham 
says,  "this  piece,  so  often  ascribed  to  Garrick, 
was  written  by  the  Rev.  James  Townley."  (Gold- 
smith's Works,  iii.  p.  84.) 

Murphy,  who  was  certainly  in  a  position  to  be 
well  informed,  says  :  — 

"Early  in  October  (1759)  Garrick  brought  forward 
that  excellent  farce  called  High  Life  below  Stairs.  For 
some  private  reasons  he  wished  to  lie  concealed,  and  with 
that  design,  prevailed  on  his  friend  Mr.  Townly  (sic), 
Master  of  Merchant  Taylors'  School,  to  suffer  his  name  to 
be  circulated  in  whispers.  The  truth,  however,  was  not 
long  suppressed."  —  Life  of  Garrick,  vol.  i.  p.  343. 

Victor  says  "  Author  unknown,  but  guessed  at," 
(vol.  iii.  p.  16.)  Vague,  but  indicating  I  imagine 
that  Garrick  was  the  writer. 

The  Biographia  Dramatica  (1782)  says:  — 

"  This  piece  has  often  been  ascribed  to  Mr.  Townley, 
but  we  are  assured  he  only  allowed  his  name  to  be  used 
as  the  "reputed  parent  of  it,  the  real  author  being  Mr. 
Garrick." 

The  Theatrical  Dictionary  (1792)  says  the  same, 
probably  on  the  authority  of  the  foregoing. 
Lastly,  it  is  stated  to  be  by  the  Rev.  James 
Townley  on  the  title-page  in  Cumberland's  edi- 
tion of  the  play.  It  is  well  known  that  the  piece 
met  with  great  opposition  from  the  Jeameses  of 
that  day,  and  the  anticipation  of  this  —  supposing 
Garrick  wrote  it  —  may  have  been  the  "  private 
reasons"  referred  to  by  Murphy  for  his  wishing  to 
remain  unknown.  This,  however,  was  but  a  tem- 


porary necessity,  and  one  can  hardly  imagine  that 
Garrick  would  not  subsequently  have  asserted  his 
right  had  he  been  the  author,  or  that  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Townley  would  have  continued  to  pass  as  the  wri- 
ter when  the  occasion  for  which  he  consented  to 
do  so  was  over. 

The  idea  of  the  piece  is  avowedly  from  No.  88. 
of  The  Spectator ;  but  may  it  not  be  that  it  was 
more  or  less  a  joint  production  ?  That  it  was  sug- 
gested or  written  by  Townley,  and  adapted  to  the 
stage  by  Garrick. 

This  seems  to  me  the  only  way  of  accounting  for 
the  claims  set  up  on  each  side,  but  perhaps  some 
one  may  be  able  to  produce  facts  that  may  set  the 
matter  at  rest.  CHARLES  WTLIE. 


JAMES  AINSLIE. — I  should  be  exceedingly  grate- 
ful for  any  particulars  regarding  "  James  Ainslie, 
merchant  'burgess  of  Edinburgh,  and  superior 
of  the  lands  of  Darnick."  He  is  thus  styled  in  a 
charter  granted  by  him  in  1617. 

Darnick,  I  believe,  before  the  Reformation  be- 
longed to  the  Abbey  of  Melrose,  near  to  which  it 
is  situated.  I  enclose  a  rough  sketch  of  the  seal 
which  is  appended  to  the  charter,  but  which,  as  I 
am  no  herald,  I  trust  the  editor  will  be  kind 
enough  to  -describe  *,  as  it  gives  some  clue  to  the 
discovery  of  its  former  possessor.  W.  D. 

EARTHQUAKES  IN  ENGLAND,  ETC.  —  Has  there 
ever  been  a  list  published  of  the  various  earth- 
quakes that  have  been  felt  in  these  islands  ?  Al- 
though I  have  made  not  a  few  inquiries,  I  have 
never  heard  of  any  such  compilation.  Slight 
shocks  of  earthquake  are  not  very  uncommon  now, 
but  they  were  formerly  much  more  frequent,  if 
we  may  believe  the  old  chroniclers.  I  ask  the 
above  question,  not  out  of  idle  curiosity,  but  with 
the  intention  of  preparing  such  a  list,  if  the  work 
has  not  been  done  already. 

DR.  DRYASDUST,  F.S.A. 

NICHOLS'S  "LEICESTERSHIRE"  (8  vols.  folio). — 
I  have  lately  purchased  four  volumes  of  this  work, 
described  as  under :  Parts  I.  and  II.  of  Vol.  L, 
Part  II.  of  VoL  II.,  and  Part  II.  of  Vol.  III.  In- 
side one  of  the  volumes  is  written  the  following : 

"  Nichols'  Hist,  of  ye  &  of-  Leicester,  8  vols.,  bought  at 
Mr  Hvde's  Sale  by  Auction  for  £52,  duty  £2  12s.— 
£54: 12s." 

Can  any  of  your  readers  answer  me  the  follow- 
ing Queries,  viz. :  Who  was  Mr.  Hyde  ?  When 
and  where  did  the  sale  take  place  ?  Who  pur- 
chased the  eight  volumes  ?  And  what  are  the 
best  means  of  ascertaining  the  present  owner  of  the 
missing  ones  ?  Vix. 

ROBERT  SEAGRAVE.  —  Can  any  correspondent 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  give  a  short  account,  and  date  of 

[*  A  cross  potent  surmounted  by  an  annulet,  between 
four  mullets.— ED.  3 


.  IX.  FEB.  25.  '60,] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


143 


birth  and  death  of  this  early  Methodist.  All  the 
notes  that  I  have  of  him  is,  that  he  was  one  of  the 
early  preachers  at  the  Tabernacle  and  Loriuaer's 
Hall.  By  his  various  tracts  it  would  appear  that 
he  was  of  considerable  note.  In  the  year  1742, 
he  published  a  small  Hymn  Book,  which  reached 
the  fourth  edition.  DANIEL  SEDGWICK. 

Sun  Street,  City. 

MOTTO  FOR  A  VILLAGE  SCHOOL.  —  An  appro- 
priate one  in  English  will  oblige  a 

COUNTRY  RECTOB. 

BENJAMIN  LOVELING,  of  Lincoln  College,  Ox- 
ford, B.A.  21st  April,  1694,  and  of  Clare  Hall, 
Cambridge,  M.A.  1697,  was  vicar  of  Banbury, 
which  benefice  he  resigned  in  or  before  1717.  He 
was  subsequently  vicar  of  Lambourn,  in  Berkshire. 
We  desire  to  know  the  date  of  his  death,  and 
whether  he  was  the  Mr.  Leveling,  author  of  Latin 
and  English  Poems,  London,  4to.,  1738. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

SYLVESTER,  ETC.  —  The  REV.  J.  EASTWOOD 
would  be  most  thankful  for  information  on  the 
following  points,  for  a  work  almost  ready  to  go  to 
press : — 

Who  was  Edward  Sylvester  of  the  Tower  of 
London,  Esq.,  who  conveyed  certain  lands  at 
Woinersley,  in  Yorkshire,  April  21,  1693  ?  There 
was  a  John  Silvester,  smith  to  the  Tower  of  Lon- 
don, who  died  in  1722,  aged  seventy;  and  his  hen- 
was  the  Rev.  Edward  Silvester,  who  would  be 
only  two  years  old  at  the  date  of  the  conveyance 
referred  to,  for  he  died  in  1727,  aged  thirty-six 
years  ?  Had  Sir  William  Cotton  of  Oxenheath, 
co.  Kent,  a  son  named  John,  who  received  a  grant 
of  chantry  lands  from  Edw.  VI.,  "  in  considera- 
tion of  his  good  and  faithful  service  heretofore 
done  to  our  late  noble  father"  ?  Was  he  the  same 
as  John  Cotton,  who,  with  sixty-three  other  gen- 
tlemen, was  knighted  by  Queen  Mary,  2nd  Oct. 
1553? 

SIR  PETER  CAREW. — Did  John  Vowel  alias 
Hooker  write  another  work  upon  the  life  of  Sir 
Peter  Carew  ?  As  I  have  seen  another  MS.  en- 
tituled,  "  A  Branch  of  Sr  Peter  Carew  his  Life 
extracted  out  of  a  Discourse  written  by  John 
Hooker,  Gent.,  in  An0  1575."  This  differs  from 
that  published  by  Maclean  (London,  8vo.  1857). 
By  way  of  example  take  the  speech  of  Sir  Henry 
Sidney  uttered  at  the  interment  :  — 

"  For  as  Sir  Henry  Sidney,  the  Lord  Deputy,  when  he 
saw  has  corpse  put  into  the  grave,  said :  '  Here  lieth  now 
in  his  last  rest  a  most  worthy  and  noble  gentle  knight, 
whose  faith  to  his  prince  was  never  yet  stained,  his  truth 
to  his  country  never  spotted,  and  his  valiantness  in  ser- 
vice never  doubted — a  better  subject  the  prince  never 
had.'"  —  Maclean. 

"  When  ye  body  was  put  iu  ye  ground,  Sr  Henry  Syd- 
ney, L*  Deputy,  who  had  knowne  him  from  his  childhood, 


wth  eyes  full  of  teares  uttered  these  speeches:  'There 
lyeth  now  in  his  last  rest  a  most  noble  aud  honourable 
K*,  whose  fayth  to  his  prince  was  never  yet  stained,  his 
troth  to  his  cuntry  never  spotted,  his  valour  never 

daunted, —  a  liberal!,  a  just,  and  religious  gentleman.' " 

MS. 

ABRACADABRA. 

THE  WORD  "  QUARTER." — In  the  'witches'  song 
from  Ben  Jonson's  Masque  of  Qaens  (A.D.  1609) 
occur  the  following  lines  :  — 

"  I  have  been  all  day  looking  after 
A  raven  feeding  upon  a  quarter." 

"  Quarter,"  in  this  connexion,  is,  I  presume, 
equivalent  to  field  or  cultivated  enclosure  ? 

If  this  is  the  true  meaning,  it  explains  a  local 
termination  which  is  rather  obscure.  For  ex- 
ample, Swintonquarter  (in  Berwickshire),  on  this 
supposition,  means  the  farm  or  fields  belonging  to 
the  estate  of  Swinton. 

Used  as  a  local  termination,  is  it  known  in  other 
parts  of  the  kingdom  ?  A. 

CHARLES  KIRKHAM,  created  M.A.  at  Cambridge, 
1689,  was  author  of  Philanglus  and  Astrta,  or  the 
Loyal  Poem  Stamford  (privately  printed),  fol., 
1712.  He  occurs  about  1724,  as  living  at  Fin- 
shed  in  Northamptonshire,  being  the  owner  of  the 
site  of  the  priory  there.  We  hope  to  be  furnished 
with  other  particulars  respecting  him,  and  the 
date  of  his  death.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

THE  Musrc  or  "THE  TWA  CORBIES."* — Those 
of  your  readers  who  love  our  old  national  poetry 
will  doubtless  be  acquainted  with  this  'fine  old 
ballad,  which  is  to  be  found  in  Sir  Walter  Scott's 
Border  Minstrelsy,  vol.  ii.  p.  359. 

The  object  of  my  present  Query  is  to  discover 
if  the  music  to  which  it  is  sung  is  to  be  found  iu 
any  collection  of  Scottish  airs  ? 

Recently,  when  on  an  angling  excursion  to  Lid- 
desdale  (the  locality  whence  Scott  obtained  so 
many  of  the  ballads  he  has  preserved  in  the  Min- 
strelsy), I  enjoyed  for  one  night  the  hospitality  of 
a  worthy  store  farmer,  who  entertained  me  with 
a  kindness  which  showed  that  the  far-famed  hos- 
pitality of  Liddesdale  had  in  no  way  degenerated 
from  that  exercised  of  yore  by  honest  Dandy 
Dinmont  of  Charlieshope.  During  the  course  of 
the  evening  my  host  enlivened  the  absorption  of 
our  "toddy"  by  singing  the  above-mentioned 
ballad  to  an  air  at  once  so  wild  and  pathetic,  and 
so  well  suited  to  the  exquisite  pathos  of  the  words, 
that  I  took  the  first  opportunity  of  noting  it 
down.  He  had  picked  it  up,  he  informed  me,  in 
his  childhood  from  the  farm  servants,  among  whom 
the  old  ballads  were  formerly  much  more  sung 
than  now. 

%  As  I  think  this  is  an  air  of  much  greater  beauty 
than  many  of  the  Scottish  tunes  to  be  found  in 


*  The  Two  Ravens. 


144 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


2^  S.  IX.  FEB.  25.  '60. 


collections,  I  should  be  glad  to  find  the  means  of 
insuring  its  preservation.  A. 

JOSIAH  KING,  of  Gains  College,  Cambridge,  B.A. 
1664-5,  was  author  of  An  Examination  and  Tryal 
of  Old  Father  Christmas,  London,  12mo.,  1678, 
and  Blount's  Oracles  of  Reason  examined  and  cen- 
sured, Exeter,  8vo.,  1698.  Qan  any  of  your  cor- 
respondents supply  the  date  of  his  death,  or  give 
any  other  information  relative  to  him  ? 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

MEDAL  OF  JAMES  III.  —  I  have  a  silver  medal 
about  the  size  of  a  shilling,  with  a  hole  in  it,  as  if 
it  had  been  worn  about  the  person.  On  the  ob- 
verse is  a  ship  in  full  sail,  with  the  legend,  "  JAC. 
in.  D.  G.  M  B.  F.  EX.  H.  R."  On  the  reverse  is  a 
winged  angel  with  a  spear  in  his  hnnd,  trampling 
on  a  serpent ;  with  the  .legend,  "  SOLI  DEO  GLORIA." 
Is  this  medal  of  common  occurrence  ?  E.  H.  A. 

CHRONICLES  OF  LONDON.  —  In  Lambarde's  Diet., 
^•c.,  I  find  a  reference  to  an  authority,  quoted  as 
Londmensis ;  Lib.  London  ;  Lib.  Consuetud.  London., 
Paris ;  and  Paris,  lib.  consuetud.  London.  Lam- 
barde's work  was  written  before  1570  :  therefore 
what  printed  book  or  MS.  could  he  jrefer  to  ?  I 
rather  imagine  that  the  "  Paris  "  is  a  separate  re- 
ference to  Matthew  Paris,  but  the  words  are 
placed  as  above  in  the  margin.  I  have  tried  Ar- 
nolde's  Chronicles,  or  Customs  of  London,  printed 
1502,  but  do  not  find  the  observations  quoted  by 
Lainbarde.  Can  any  of  your  obliging  antiquarian 
friends  assist  me?  W.  P. 

"Lfis  MYSTERES,"  ETC. — I  have  a  strange  book 
of  which  I  can  find  no  account.  Its  title  is  — 

"  Les  M ysteres  du  Christianisme  approforidis  radicale- 
ment  et  reconus  pln'siquement  vrais.  A  Londres,  Im- 
prime'  par  J.  G.  Gallabin  et  G.  Baker,  dans  Cullum 
Street.  Se  vend  chez  P.  Elmsly  dans  le  Strand."  1771. 
8vo.  2  torn. 

A  second  title-page  omits  the  printer's  and  pub- 
lisher's names.  The  paper  and  print,  both  excel- 
lent, look  French,  and  the  plates  have  "  Gravelot 
inv.,"  and  "  Picot  et  Delane  sculp."  From  this 
I  infer  that  the  book  is  French,  and  the  London 
title-page  a  cloak.  A  pencil  note  says  "par  Be- 
bescourt,  traducteur  de  Swedenborg." 

The  substance  of  the  work  is  a  cabalistic,  ety- 
mological, and  Phallic  interpretation  of  the  lead- 
ing facts  of  scripture.  It  is  wild,  but  shows  much 
learning  and  some  ingenuity.  Many  parts,  if 
quoted,  would  look  profane,  but  I  think  the  author 
sincere,  and  respectful  in  his  intentions.  Perhaps 
some  of  your  readers  can  tell  me  who  he  was,  and 
the  history  of  his  book,  of  which  I  know  nothing 
but  the  contents.  Also,  who  was  Bebescourt  ? 
Were  Gallabin  and  Baker  printers  in  Cullum 
Street?  and  was  P.  Elmsly  a  publisher  in  the" 
Strand  in  1771  ?  FITZHOPKINS. 

Garrick  Club. 


CROWE  OF  KIPLIN  FAMILY.  —  What  were  the 
arms  of  the  family  of  Crowe,  formerly  of  Kiplin, 
Yorkshire?  and  where  is  their  pedigree  to  be 
found?  H. 

CELEBRATED  WRITER.  —  In  a  useful  little  book, 
published  by  Bell  &  Daldy  last  year,  called  The 
Speaker  at  Home,  I  find  the  following  (p.  57.)  :  — 

"  We  are  told  of  some  celebrated  writer  who  would 
rise  and  strike  a  light,  and  nnte  any  thought  which  had 
struck  him,  even  in  the  middle  of  the  night,  rather  than 
run  the  risk  of  its  escaping  from  his  memory  before  the 
morning." 

Who  was  this  celebrated  writer  ?  Again,  at 
p.  94.  of  the  same  book,  the  author  alludes  to 
"  the  memorable  dictum  which  gives  the  first, 
second,  and  third  place  in  oratory  to  action." 
Whose  dictum  is  it  ?  JOHN  G.  TALBOT. 

STEPHEN  JEROME,  of  S.  John's  College,  Cam- 
bridge, B.A.  1603-4,  M.A.  1607,  was  domestic 
chaplain  to  the  Earl  of  Cork ;  and  the  author  of 
works  published  1613,  1614,  1619,  and  1624. 
Any'  farther  particulars  respecting  him  will  be 
acceptable  to  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 


toffij 
PASSAGE  IN  PSALM  XXX.  5. 

In  reading  through  a  sermon  by  Martin  Luther, 
"  On  tne  Liberty  of  a  Christian,"  translated  into 
English  by  James  Bell,  and  printed  in  London 
in  f636,  I  find  the  following  quotation  from  the 
Psalms :  "  Whereof  the  Psalmist  in  the  29th 
Psalm  :  '  Mourning  shall  dwell  untill  the  evening, 
and  joyfulnesse  untill  the  morning.'  " 

On  turning  to  the  Authorised  Version  I  find, 
in  the  latter  half  of  v.  5.  of  the  30th  Psalm, 
"  Weeping  may  endure  for  a  night,  but  joy 
cometh  in  the  morning."  In  the  Vulgate  these 
words  form  by  themselves  the  6th  verse  of  the 
29th  Psalm ;  and  on  referring  to  a  still  more 
ancient  authority,  the  LXX.,  the  words  to  which 
allusion  has  been  made  occur  in  the  second  half 
of  the  6th  verse  of  the  29th  Psalm.  The  only 
edition  of  the  LXX.  by  me  is  the  "  Editio  Stereo- 
typa  cura  Leandri  van  Ess.  Tauchnitz.  1835. 
Lipsise."  Here  the  verse  v^/dxrca  <r*  Kvpte,  which 
in  all  other  versions  commences  the  psalm  (Vulg. 
Ps.  29. ;  Aut.  Ver.  Ps.  30.),  is  numbered  2.,  and 
the  following  verses  are  numbered  consecutively 
to  the  end.  Does  this  notation  occur  in  any 
other  editions  ?  Why  does  the  Vulgate  divide 
the  6th  verse  alone  ?  When  did  the  29th  Psalm 
of  the  LXX.  and  Vulgate  become  the  30th  of 
our  Aut.  Version,  and  why  ?  In  what  English 
version  does  the  reading  used  by  the  translator  of 
Luther's  sermon  occur  ?  The  edition  of  the  Vtil- 


S.  IX.  FEB.  25.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


gate  used  by  mo  was  printed  in  1566.  Perhaps 
some  of  your  correspondents  will  kindly  enlighten 
me  on  the  points  I  have  mentioned. 

C.  Le  POER  KENNEDY. 
St.  Albans. 

[We  have  been  favoured  with  the  following  remarks 
on   this   Query,   from   GEORGE    OFFOK,  ESQ.  :  —  "MR. 
KENNEDY'S  Query  raises  four  interesting  questions ;  and  j 
until  you  obtain  some  better  answer,  I  beg  leave  to  submit  j 
the  following :  1.  Why  the  words  quoted  by  Luther  are  part  i 
of  the  '29th  Psalm  in  the  Septuagiut  and  Vulgate  versions,  j 
and  of  the  30th  according  to  the  original  Hebrew  ?    The 
numbering  of  the  psalms  is  not  of  antient  date:  they 
were  formerly  distinguished  in  Latin  by  the  first  two  i 
words:  thus  "the  first  Psalm  was  called  "  Beatus  Vir,"  ; 
the  150th  "  Laudate  Dominum  in  Sanctis."     The  Jews 
have  ever  kept  the  Psalms  as  originally  divided:    but 
the  scribe  who  numbered  them  in  the  Septuxgint,  which  i 
was  followed  by  the  Latin,  united   the  ninth  and  tenth  ! 
Psalms,  and  numbered  them  Psalm  ix. ;  so  that  Psalm  I 
xi.  became  x.     This  series  was  continued  to  Ps.  cxiv.,  j 
which  was  joined  to  thecxvth.  This  would  have  brought 
the  remaining  numbers    right,   but   the   next    psalms, 
cxiiii.  and  cxv.  are  united,  so  that  cxix.  is  called  the 
cxviiith;  but  on  arriving  at  cxlvii.  it  was  divided  into 
two,  and  this  made  the  whole  number  cl.     Thus  the  first 
eight  and  the  last  three  are  numbered  alike,  in  Hebrew, 
Greek,   and  Latin ;  but  to  all   the  other  psalms  a  unit 
must  be  added  to  the  Septuagint  and  Vulgate  numbers 
to  make  the  psalms  correspond  with  the  Hebrew  and 
English  notation.     How  these  discrepancies  crept  in  is 
hid  in  the  dark  ages.     The  psalter  has  always  been  read 
in  divine  service;  and   when  once  these  variations  had 
been  adopted,  they  were  in  all  probability  continued,  to 
prevent  awkward  inquiries. 

2nd.  The  variation  in  verses  is  of  more  modern  date. 
The  first  portion  of  holy  writ  which  I  possess  divided 
into  verses  is  Luther's  penitential  psalms,  printed  at 
Strasburg  1519.  Then  follow  the  English  Psalter  and 
New  Testament  of  Geneva,  1557.  The  paragraphs  in 
the  psalter  are  numbered  as  verses.  In  doing  this  the 
sentences  5  and  6  in  Ps  xxix.  xxx.  might  with  great 
propriety  be  united  or  numbered  separately  at  the  discre- 
tion of  the  editor  either  of  the  Greek  or  Latin  versions 

3rd.  Why  in  some  editions  this  psalm  begins  with 
verse  2?  Where  that  is  the  case,  verse  1.  is  the  title  to 
the  Psalm,  which  is  usually  not  numbered.  In  Grabe's 
edition  of  the  Septuagint,  8vo.  Oxon,  1707,  it  is  numbered 
as  verse  I.;  but  in  Reineccius,  Lipsiae,  1757,  the  title  is 
not  numbered,  and  the  1st  verse  begins  'Y«/«6<rio  <re  Kv'pte. 

•1.  What  English  version  did  the  translator  quote  from  ? 
Our  early  translators  of  such  books,  even  to  the  begin- 
ning of  the  seventeenth  century,  did  not  limit  themselves 
to  any  standard  text,  but  translated  the  quotations  from 
the  text  of  their  author.  In  fact,  until  the  Common- 
wealth, the  Genevan  1560,  and  the  Bishops  of  1568  were 
printed  in  competition,  by  the  same  authorised  printer. 
Even  after  our  present  authorised  version  in  1611  the 
Genevan  was  a  favourite  with  the  Puritans,  notwith- 
standing the  efforts  of  the  Star  Chamber  to  prevent  its 
circulation.  Till  after  that  time  the  countn'  had  no  stan- 
dard translation  of  the  Bible.— GEORGE  OFFOR."] 

CONINGSBY'S  "MARDEN." — In  1722-27,  Thomas 
Earl  of  Coningsby  privately  printed  in  folio  Col- 
lections  concerning  the  Manor  of  Marden,  Here- 
fordshire. I  should  be  much  obliged  if  any  reader 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  would  inform  me  of  a  copy  of  this 
k  deposited  in  any  public  library,  and  also 


whether  Maiden  claims  to  be  ancient  demesne, 
and  to  enjoy  the  privileges  annexed  thereto  ? 

E.  G.  R. 

[These  Collections  of  the  Manor  of  Marden  are  in  the 
British  Museum,  entered  in  the  Catalogue  under  MAR- 
DEN,  press  mark  794.  k.  3.  At  p.  3,  it  is  stated,  that 
"Marden  being  in  {the  King's  hands  when  Domesday 
was  composed,  becomes  what  the  lawyers  have  since 
stvled  ancient  demesne,  and  as  such  is  intituled  to  several 
franchises  and  immunities;"  in  proof  of  which  the 
writer  gives  a  quotation  from  Dugdale's  Origines  Ju- 
ridicia/es.  ] 

CROMWELL'S  INTERVIEW  WITH  LADY  INGILBY. 

—  In  Hargrove's  History  of  Knaresborough  there 
is  a  long  anecdote  told,  to  the  effect  that  after  the 
battle  of  Marston  Moor,  which  was  fought  on  the 
2nd  July,  1644,  Cromwell  proceeded  to  Ripley 
Castle,  about  fifteen  miles  from  the  battle-field. 
Sir  William  Ingilby,  the  owner,  was  absent,  it  is 
said,  but  this  lady  met  Oliver 

"  At  the  gate  of  the  lodge,  with  a  pair  of  pistols  stuck  in 
her  apron-strings;  and  having  told  him  she  expected 
that  neither  he  nor  his  soldiers  would  behave  improperly, 
led  the  way  to  the  hall ;  where,  sitting  each  on  a  sopha, 
these  two  extraordinary  personages,  equally  jealous  of 
each  other's  intentions,  passed  the  whole  night." 

I  should  like  to  know  the  authority  for  this 
story ;  for,  if  true,  it  is  a  very  interesting  incident 
in  the  history  of  that  memorable  fight.  According 
to  the  pedigree  in  Thoresby's  Ducatus,  which,  in- 
deed, is  very  confused,  there  was  no  Lady  Ingilby 
living  at  the  time,  Sir  William's  Indy  having  died 
in  1640,  and  it  does  not  appear  that  he  married 
again.  Is  it  known  that  Cromwell  was  elsewhere 
at  the  time  ?  Were  sofas  in  use  then  ?  E.  S. 

[We  trust  some  of  our  readers  will  shortly  be  able  to 
confirm  the  above  anecdote  relating  to  Cromwell  and  the 
Lady  Anne  Ingilby  (or  Ingleby),  the  wife  of  Sir  VVm.  In- 
gleby  of  Ripley,  in  the  county  of  York.  In  the  interim, 
we  can  refer  our  correspondent  E.  S.  to  an  equally  curious 
passage  in  Mercurius  Pragmaticus  for  July  18th  to  25th, 
1648,  which  doubtless  relates  to  the  warlike  lady  in  ques- 
tion :  — 

"  Will  Waller  and  the  Lady  Anne 

Their  pilgrim  race  have  run  ; 
Ned  Massy,  too,  that  mighty  man, 
(God  bless  us  from  a  gun !) 

"  O  welcome  home,  yee  worthies  three, 

More  worthy  than  the  Nine; 

Yee  dapper  Squires  of  Chevalrie, 

Let  not  the  CAUSE  now  pine. 

"  And  you,  stout  Madam,  Mars  his  bride, 

At  this  dead  lift  *  we  misse  you ; 
Once  more  }rour  valiant  Knight  bestride, 
And  th'  men  of  God  shall  kisse  you. 

"You  and  sweet  William  now  march  forth, 

And  leap  both  hedge  and  ditches: 
The  Merrbers,  if  you'll  have  the  North, 
Shall  vote  you'into  breeches." 

[*  Alluding  to  the  conduct  of  the  Scotch,  who  had  then 
recently  sold  King  Charles  to  the  parliament.^ 


146 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"d  S.  IX.  FKB.  25.  '60, 


"  I  hope  (adds  Marchmont  Needham)  no  Body  can  be 
angry,  that  T  fling  away  a  trifling  Line  (or  two)  to  wel- 
come home  this  victorious  Lady :  She  that  hath  endured 
more  Sieges  in  her  dayes  than  the  Tovvne  of  Dunkirk  : 
She  that  followed  the  Camp,  and  march't  along  in  the 
koly  war  (as  Queen  Elinor  did  of  old)  to  save  her  little 
Conqueror  the  charge  of  a  Laundresse  and  a  Sure/eon  : 
She  that  leads  victory  in  a  string  as  well  as  Sir  William, 
and  never  shrink't  yet  to  see  him  charge  home  in  the 
main  battalia.  Indeed  she  is  a  powerfull  Prayer-  woman  ; 
it's  thought  she  gave  the  gift  to  Sir  Arthur  Hesilrige, 
and  first  kindled  that  Coale  of  Zeal  in  him,  which  now  is 
like  to  consume  all  the  Colliers  of  New  castle." 

Lady  Ann  is  also  probably  alluded  to  in  the  following 
stanza  from  The  New  Litany,  a  broadside  published  in 
the  year  1646 :  — 

"  From  mouldy  bread  and  musty  beer, 
From  a  holiday's  fast  and  a  Friday's  cheer, 
From  a  brother-hood  and  a  she-cavalier, 

Libera  nos  Domine."] 

JACOB  Du  RONDEL.  —  In  the  Additional  MSS., 
Brit.  Mus.,  No.  1397.,  art.  1.,  is  a  drama  —  "La 
Justification  de  Susanne  "  —  by  Du  Rondel.  Can 
you  give  me  any  account  of  the  author,  or  the 
date  of  the  piece  ?  Z. 

[It  is  entitled,  "La  Justification  de  Susanne,  Tragi- 
comedie  Franchise  et  Latine,  par  Jacques  Du  Rondel, 
Professeur  en  eloquence,  Represented  au  College  de  Sedan, 
par  les  escoliers  de  1'autheur.  A  Sedan,  1668."  Jacob 
du  Rondel  was  professor  of  Rhetoric  at  Sedan ;  but  when 
this  university  was  broken  up  in  1681,  he  went  to  Hol- 
land, became  Professor  of  Belles  Lettres  at  Maestricht,  and 
presented  to  the  Museum,  in  Greek  and  Latin,  with  notes, 
Dissert,  de  Gloria;  Reflexions  sur  un  Chapitre  de  Theo~ 
phrasti  de  la  Superstition ;  Histoire  du  foetus  humain ; 
JDiss.  sur  le  Chenix  de  Pythagore ;  Tract,  de  Vita  et  Mori- 
bus  Epicuri,  which  he  first  published  1679,  then  1686  in 
French,  and  afterwards  1693,  enlarged,  in  Latin;  endea- 
vouring1 therein  to  show  that  he  [Epicurus]  does  not 
deny  Divine  Providence.  He  left  also  much  that  has  not 
yet  been  printed,  and  died  very  old  at  Maestricht,  1715. 
Histoire  Critique  de  la  Republique  des  Lettres,  quoted  by 
Jocher.] 

"DoN  QUIXOTE"  IN  SPANISH.  —  Are  there  any 
very  early  editions  of  Don  Quixote,  in  Spanish,  in 
the  British  Museum  ?  I  wish  to  obtain  the  dates 
of  any  editions  issued  before  1700.  I  have  the 
"  Primera  Parte,"  printed  at  Madrid,  "  En  la  Iin- 
prenta  Real,  Ano  de  1668."  Also  the  "Parte 
Segunda,"  printed  at  Madrid,  "porMateo  Fer- 
nandez, Impressor  del  Rey,"  &c. :  "Ano.  1662." 
The  first  Part :  "  A  costa  (Lat.  '  sumptibus  ')  de 
Mateo  de  la  Bastida,  Mercader  de  Libros."  The 
second  Part :  "  A  costa  de  Gabriel  de  Leon,  Mer- 
cader," &c.  They  are  both  quartos.  I  have  also 
the  Novelas  Exemplares  of  Don  Maria  de  Zayas, 
apparently  printed  from  the  same  types  as  the 
others.  What  are  the  dates  of  early  editions  of 
this  last  work  ?  C.  LE  POEB  KENNEDY. 

St.  Albans. 

[The  British  Museum  contains  the  following  early 
Spanish  editions  of  Don  Quixote :  Part  I.  Lisbon,  1605, 
8vo.;  Madrid,  1608,  4to. ;  Brucelas,  1611,  8vo.  Part  II. 
Tarragona,  1614,  8vo.  [spurious?];  Madrid,  1615,  4to. 
Both  Parts,  Bruselas,  1662,  8vo.  ;  Amberes,  1672-3, 


8vo.;  Madrid,  1674,  4to.  ;  Amberes,  1697,  8vo.  Ebert 
notices  the  following  editions  of  Novelas  Exemplares  : 
Zaragoza,  1637,  4to.  ;  Madrid,  1659,  or  1748,  or  1795, 
4to.  ;  Barcelona,  1705  or  1764,  4to.] 

"HE  WHO  BUNS  MAY  READ."  —  In  the  singularly 
clear  and  able  speech  of  the  Chancellor  of  the 
Exchequer,  in  introducing  his  Budget  on  Friday 
last,  occurs  the  oft-quoted  saying,  that  "  he  who 
runs  may  read."  I  suppose  the  quotation  came 
originally  from  the  Old  Testament.  But  if  so,  I 
am  inclined  to  think  that  the  sense  of  the  passage 
differs  from  that  in  which  it  is  generally  quoted, 
and  in  which  Mr.  Gladstone,  for  example,  has 
used  it.  At  any  rate,  I  shall  be  glad  to  have  the 
opinion  of  "  N.  &  Q."  on  the  subject.  In  Habak- 
kuk,  ii.  2.,  the  passage  occurs  :  — 

"  Write  the  vision,  and  make  it  plain  upon  tables,  that 
he  may  run  that  readeth  it." 

Not  "  he  who  runs  may  read,"  but  "  he  may  ruu 
who  reads." 

And  in  the  Septuagint  it  is  OTTWS  SI^K-TJ  6  avcvyi- 


The  sense,  therefore,  I  take  to  be  —  but  I  speak 
without  any  means  of  consulting  commentators  — 
"  That  he  who  sees  the  Divine  message  may  per- 
ceive that  there  is  no  time  to  be  lost  in  flying 
from  the  impending  judgment,"  instead  of  the 
ordinary  acceptation,  "  that  even  a  man  running 
past  may  be  able  to  read  it." 

It  is  possible  Mr.  Gladstone  and  others  may  be 
quoting  from  a  different  original.  I  shall  be  glad 
if  my  Query  tends  to  discover  what  that  is  ;  and 
I  shall  be  also  curious  to  see  whether  my  criticism 
is  supported  by  the  learned  among  your  many 
contributors.  JOHN  G.  TALBOT. 

[The  passage  is  a  quotation  from  Cowper's  Tirocinium, 
ver.  80.  :— 

"  But  truths,  on  which  depend  our  main  concern, 
That  'tis  our  shame  and  misery  not  to  learn, 
Shine  by  the  side  of  every  path  we  tread 
With  such  a  lustre,  he  that  runs  may  read." 

Vide  "  N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  ii.  374.  439.  497.  ;  v.  260.  306.] 

"  THE  CHRISTMAS  ORDINARY."  —  There  is  a  MS. 
play  in  the  British  Museum  (Addit.  MS.,  1458), 
entitled  "The  Christmas  Ordinary,  a  private 
Shew,  wherein  is  represented  the  Jovial  Freedom 
of  this  Feast  at  Trinity  College  in  Oxon,  by  H. 
B."  Was  the  play  performed  at  Trinity  College, 
and  if  so,  at  what  time  ?  Are  the  names  of  the 
performers  given  ?  Is  anything  known  of  the 
author  ?  Is  this  a  different  play  from  one  pub- 
lished in  1682,  with  a  similar  title,  by  W.R.,  M.  A. 
See  Biog.  Dram.  Z. 

[The  MS.  play  by  H.  B.  is  only  a  fragment  (about 
one-fifth)  of  "  The  Christmas  Ordinary,  a  Private  Show, 
wherein  is  expressed  the  Jovial  Freedom  of  that  Festival, 
as  it  was  acted  at  a  Gentleman's  House  among  other 
Revels.  By  VV.  R.,  Master  of  Arts.  8vo.  1682."  In 
the  Preface,  signed  W.  R.,  Helmdon,  he  speaks  of  the 
play  as  "  the  first-born  of  a  young  academick  head,  which 
since  has  been  delivered  of  most  excellent  productions. 


•2"*  S.  IX.  FEB.  26.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


147 


It  hatii  lain  dormant  almost  half  an  age,  and  hath  crawl'd 
out  in  manuscript  into  some  few  hands."  The  names  of 
the  performers  are  not  given.  The  original  names  of  the 
dramatis  persona  are  changed  in  the  printed  copy.] 

CAVALIERE  JOHN  GALLINI.  — 

"  Oh,  Charlotte,  these  are  glorious  times ; 
I  shall  get  money  for  my  rhymes, 

E'en  from  the  Macaronies; 
Gallinfs  fops,  who  trip  at  balls, 
And  breast  the  cold  air  wrapt  in  shawls, 
Astride  their  little  ponies." 

Ode  to  Charlotte  Hayes,  about  1770. 

A  note  to  "astride  their  little  ponies"  says,  "  the 
fashionable  mode  of  paying  visits." 

Gallini  was  a  dancin or- master,  who  amassed 
100,000/.,  and  married  Lady  Elizabeth  Bertie, 
a  daughter  of  the  Earl  of  Abingdon.  After  this 
he  was  knighted,  and  became  Sir  John  Gallini. 
Was  there  any  issue  from  this  marriage  ?  W.  D. 

[The  Cavaliere  Giov.  Andrea  Gallini,  improperly  styled 
Sir  John  Gallini,  as  his  knighthood  was  never  acknow- 
ledged by  the  English  sovereign,  was  a  knight  of  the 
Golden  Spur,  an  order  conferred  by  the  Pope.  Lady 
Elizabeth,  his  wife,  died  17th  August,  1804,  and  Caval. 
John  Gallini  on  5th  Jan.  1805.  By  Lady  Elizabeth  he 
left  two  daughters  and  a  son  Capt.  Gallini.  It  is  reported 
that  Gallini  came  from  Italy  to  England  a  ragged  boy, 
with  only  half-a-crown  in  his  pocket,  and  is  said  to  have 
boasted  of  this  to  some  of  the  poor  at  Yattendon  in  Berk- 
shire, where  he  built  a  mansion  in  the  Italian  style. 
There  is  a  monument  erected  to  his  memory  in  Yatten- 
don Church.  Gallini  was  the  author  of  A  Treatise  on  the 
Art  of  Dancing,  1762.  It  was  very  popular  for  some 
time,  even  as  a  literary  performance,"  until,  unluckily  for 
the  Cavaliere,  all  the  historical  part  of  it  was  discovered 
in  a  work  of  M.  Canusac,  published  at  the  Hague,  1754. 
See  Dr.  Doran's  Knights  and  their  Days,  p.  472,  for  some 
curious  particulars  of  Gallini.] 


FICTITIOUS  PEDIGREES. 
(2Qd  S.  ix.  61.  131.) 

I  doubt  if  there  were  ever  any  Cotgreave  MSS. 
that  would  be  of  any  service  to  the  county-his- 
torian, the  antiquary,  or  genealogist.  Mr.  Spence's 
story  was,  that  "he  was  employed  by  the  widow 
of  Sir  John  Cotgreave"  (who  had  been,  in  1815, 
mayor  of  Chester,  and  knighted,)  "  to  inspect  and 
arrange  the  title  deeds  and  other  documents  in 
her  Ladyship's  possession;  that  he  had  found  an 
antient  pedigree  of  the  Cotgreaves  made  by  Kan- 
die  Holme  in  1672,  and  that  it  contained  the  de- 
scent of  four  generations  of  the  Monsons,"  &c.  &c. 
Lady  Cotgreave  was  ready  to  vouch  for  the  au- 
thenticity of  this,  and,  indeed,  the  signature  of 
Harriet  Cotgreave  was  appended.  There  was  also 
.1  an  engraving  of  the  arms  of  Cotgreave 
impaling  Crosse  and  Spence.  Mr.  Spence,  there- 
lore,  was  no  doubt  a  relation  of  Lady  Cotgreave. 

It  is  not  worth  while  to  enter  more  into  details 
ot  what  was  in  fact  a  clumsy  fiction  ;  but  as  a 


matter  of  curiosity,  it  might  be  as  well  to  see  if  a 
pedigree  of  the  old  family  of  Cotgreaves  of  Har- 
grave  may  not  exist  among  the  collections  of 
Randle  Holme  in  the  British  Museum.  The  ori- 
ginal stock  became  extinct  in  the  male  line  in 
1724,  as  Mr.  Spence  himself  admitted;  but  I 
think  such  pedigree  is  very  likely  to  be  found, 
and  probably  in  it  the  materials  from  which  the 
fictitious  descents  were  concocted  may  be  easily 
traced. 

One  more  caution,  however,  is  necessary.  The 
pedigrees  of  Randle  Holme  even  must  not  be 
accepted  with  implicit  credence,  though  often 
made  out  very  circumstantially ;  I  will  give  one 
instance  from  a  collection  of  his  in  Harl.  MS., 
2050.  At  folio  482.  will  be  found  a  descent  of 
Kepington  of  Repington.  The  first  in  the  line, 
Roger,  is  said  to  have  been  "  Cofferer  to  ye  Em- 
press Maud,  A°  1100."  His  son,  Sir  Richard, 
was  "slayne  in  a  Tournay  before  the  King,  1178." 
Sir  Richard's  son  Thomas  "  was  taken  prisoner  at 
the  battle  of  Poictiers,  and  sold  his  lands  to  re- 
lease himself,  40  Edw.  3."  And  Thomas's  son 
Adam  was  "  standard-bearer  to  Rich.  II.,  and  died 
1399."  Four  generations  only  in  300  years  ! 

MONSON. 


ARITHMETICAL  NOTATION. 
(2nd  S.  viii.  411.  460.  520.;  ix.  52.) 

Of  the  two  alternatives  proposed  by  PROFESSOR 
DE  MORGAN,  I  regret  that  I  cannot  absolutely 
accept  either.  I  cannot  at  all  agree  to  the  first, 
that  compotus  is  meant  to  stand  for  compositus, 
for  I  am  not  only  certain  that  this  is  not  the 
case  in  my  MS.,  but  farther  that  it  is  never  the 
case,  no  such  contraction  for  cowpositus  as  com- 
potus having  any  existence.  I  am  very  sure  of 
this,  not  only  from  my  own  daily  experience  of 
MSS.  of  very  various  ages  and  characters,  but 
also  from  that  of  others  better  qualified  than  my- 
self to  offer  an  opinion  upon  the  question.  The 
second,  that  compotus  is  a  mistake  for  compositus, 
I  must  demur  to,  "  until  more  instances  are  pro- 
duced ; "  although,  accepting  it  provisionally,  it  is 
easy  to  see  how  the  mistake  might  have  arisen  in 
two  transcriptions  from  the  form  compoitus;  the 
first  transcriber  omitting  the  circumflex,  the  se- 
cond either  not  seeing  the  i  in  the  transformed 
word,  or,  which  is  rarer,  correcting  a  word  which 
he  did  not  understand  into  one  which  he  did. 
Judging,  however,  from  the  Chinese  accuracy 
with  which,  when  there  is  an  original  to  compare 
him  with,  the  scribe  of  my  MS.  is  in  the  habit  of 
following  it,  I  should  think  that  it  was  not  he 
that  was  answerable  for  the  blunder  or  the  emen- 
dation. 

With  regard  to  the  second  point,  the  most 
common  meaning  of  compotus  or  computus,  I  admit 
the  authority  of  the  learned  doctor  called  in 


148 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


*  S.  IX.  FEB.  25.  '60. 


"  over  my  head "  by  PROFESSOR  DE  MORGAN, 
backed  as  it  is  by  the  independent  experience  of 
another  well-qualified  practitioner.  But  for  one 
instance  of  their  meaning  u  apud  Scriptores  "  I 
could  easily  find  a  score,  not  to  say  a  myriad,  of 
mine  in  the  extensive  series  of  Kecords  of  the 
Court  of  Exchequer,  employed  by  accountants  of 
the  most  varied  character,  and  during  a  period  of 
time  extending  over  several  centuries.  Escheators, 
sheriffs,  bailiffs,  keepers  of  parka,  surveyors  of 
works,  comptrollers,  all  render  their  accounts  of 
receipts  and  expenses  as  "  compotus  A.  B.,"  or 
"  A.  B.  reddit  compotvah?  Now,  as  the  question 
is  about  "  the  frequency"  of  the  occurrence  of 
my  meaning  of  the  word,  I  trust  that  this  refer- 
ence to  documentary  evidence,  easily  examined 
and  verified,  will  be  considered  sufficient  to  es- 
tablish what  I  originally  asserted,  viz.,  u  a  very 
common  interpretation  "  (of  compotus),  "  common 
enough  indeed  to  be  called  the  usual  meaning  is 
an  account  of  money."  But  are  not  my  learned 
opponent  and  myself  perhaps  looking  at  the  same 
shield  from  opposite  sides  ?  H.  F. 

Certainly  PROF.  DE  MORGAN'S  referee,  "  Doc- 
tor "  Ducange  is  entirely  on  his  side  ;  so  much  so, 
that  he  does  not  even  allude  to  the  use  of  the 
word  compotus  in  the  sense  of  "  an  account  of 
money."  It  is  indeed  surprising  that  Ducange, 
who  is  facile  princeps  in  the  knowledge  of  me- 
dieval lore,  should  have  overlooked  this  fact.  It 
is,  indeed,  a  specimen  of  Homeric  napping.  The 
regular  word  in  use  in  the  monasteries  of  England, 
and  in  public  offices  generally,  for  an  annual  ac- 
count was  compotus.  See  the  records  of  Glaston- 
bury;  but  especially  of  the  Priory  of  Finchale, 
printed  for  the  Surtees  Society  :  the  word  occurs 
at  every  page,  and  the  prior  who  gives  in  the 
account  is  invariably  styled  Computans.  So,  Du- 
cange himself  may  be  amended  ;  not,  indeed,  by 
maintaining  that  the  above  meaning  is  the  usual 
one,  but  by  supplying  an  omission.  At  the  same 
time  I  quite  agree  with  the  learned  Professor,  that 
computus  (sine  addito)  or  Compntus  Ecclesiasticus, 
would  signify  the  astronomical  science  of  time. 

J.  W. 

Arno's  Court. 

BROWNISTS. 
(2nd  S.  viii.  449.) 

Having  had  my  attention  called  to  an  article 
"  On  the  Origin  of  the  Brownists,"  I  obtained 
leave  to  examine  the  parish  registers  at  Achurch, 
the  living  which  Robert  Browne,  (he  founder  of 
the  sect,  held  in  Northamptonshire.  The  earliest 
register  there  is  from  its  commencement  in 
Browne's  handwriting,  and  appears  to  have  been 
very  carefully  kept  during  the  whole  period  of  | 
his  incumbency  by  himself  or  by  his  curates.  It 


dates  from  January  1591-2.  Every  page  at 
first  was  signed  by  Browne,  and  attested  by  the 
churchwardens,  but  about  1602  a  particular  form 
of  attestation  is  used  once  or  twice,  certifying 
that  "  the  Registr  sinse  the  25  of  March  last  past 
is  true  and  perfect,  read  in  the  church,  and  kept 
according  to  law  and  order  By  me  Robert 
Browne."  Whether  or  no  Fuller  (as  quoted)  is 
correct  in  saying  that  Browne  "  had  a  church  in 
which  he  never  preached,"  it  is  clear  from  this 
register  that  he  was  careful  in  other  ministrations; 
for  from  the  commencement  of  it  until  early  in 
the  year  1617,  he  has  entered  with  his  own  hand 
every  marriage,  christening,  and  burial,  that  took 
place  in  the  parish  or  "  towne  "  as  he  calls  it.  In 
some  cases  he  has  noted  when  parishioners  have 
been  married,  baptized,  or  buried  in  other  places. 
With  respect  to  Marriages,  the  notes  are  simply 
statements  of  fact  without  comments,  but  with 
the  Baptisms  and  Burials,  as  will  be  seen,  it  is 
not  always  so.  From  Sept.  1617  until  June  1626 
Browne  seems  to  have  been  absent  from  Achurch, 
but  his  place  was  supplied  first  by  "  Arthur 
Smith  Gurat  ibid,"  and  then  by  "  John  Barker 
Minr."  In  1626,  "  the  Minister,  Robert  Browne," 
seems  to  have  again  come  into  residence,  and  con- 
tinued to  keep  the  registers  till  1631.  The  last 
entry  in  his  handwriting  being  on  the  21  Maie  of 
that  year,  a  year  later  than  that  usually  given  as 
the  date  of  his  death.  As  to  Fuller's  other  re- 
mark about  "  a  wife  with  whom  he  never  lived," 
Browne  may  certainly  have  so  treated  a  second 
wife  in  Fuller's  time ;  but  he  had  a  former  wife 
named  Alice,  whom  Fuller  could  not  have  known, 
as  he  was  only  born  in  1608,  and  she,  according 
to  the  register,  was  buried  in  1610.  This  was 
doubtless  the  mother  of  Browne's  three  sons, 
Frauncis,  Thomas,  and  John,  and  of  his  three 
daughters,  Bridget,  Grace,  and  Alice;  all  chris- 
tened, and  some  buried,  between  the  years  1592 
and  1603.  1  find  no  trace  of  "  Timothy,"  who 
is  said  in  the  pamphlet  to  have  "  played  the  base 
to  the  Psalms  that  were  sung  in  the  church." 

I  can  trace  the  "  Constable  his  Godson,"  men- 
tioned by  J.  Y.  He  was  Robert  Greene,  son  of 
Henrie  Greene,  one  of  the  churchwardens  —  was 
christened  in  Feb.  1592-3,  and  married  to  Luce 
Adams  in  1620.  He  had  several  children  duly 
baptized  between  1621  and  1627,  the  last  child 
being  baptized  by  Browne  himself;  but  in  1630 
there  is  the  following  entry,  which  indicates  that 
there  was  some  other  cause  of  quarrel  between 
Browne  and  the  Constable  beside  the  matter  of 
rate,  which  was  so  rudely  refused.  "  Novembr  7. 
1630.  A  child  of  my  ungracious  Godsonne  Ro- 
bert Green  baptized  els  were  in  schisme."  This 
sort  of  entry  occurs  for  the  first  time  just  before 
Browne  left  the  parish  to  the  care  of  the  curates. 
"  Allen  Greene's'  child  baptized  in  schisme  at 
Lylford  named  John."  It  occurs  frequently  after 


2^  S.  IX.  FKB.  25.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


149 


his  return,  and  more  particularly  during  the  last 
few  years  of  his  incumbency  ;  for  instance.  1627. 
"  A  child  of  Edmund  Quinsey  baptized  alswhere, 
and  not  in  our  Parish  Church."  [I  may  note  that 
it  was  from  this  stock  that  Quiucey-Adams  the 
American  statesman  was  descended.]  Almost 
the  last  entry  he  made  was  "  Maie  8.  1631,  a 
child  of  James  Connington  baptized  and  buried 
by  himselfe  in  scime,"  It  is  curious  to  remark 
how  jealous  Browne,  formerly  himself  a  violent 
sectarian,  seems  to  have  been  of  any  departure  in 
others  from  the  church's  rules.  There  is  nothing 
particularly  interesting  in  any  other  of  Browne's 
comments,  but  I  give  the  following  entries  as 
specimens:  —  "1599.  Guilbert  Pickering  Gen- 
tlema  my  L.  Burghley's  officer  :  buried  at  Tich- 
marsh."  "  An  Irish  youth  dying  in  ye  manour 
house  Porch  for  want  of  succour,  and  buried  Oct. 
24.  1630."  "  Edward  Greene  an  old  and  lame 
Bachelar  Februarie  8.  1630."  H.  W. 


BUTTS  FAMILY. 
(2»d  S.  viii.  435.) 

A  merchant  family  of  this  name  flourished  in 
the  city  of  Norwich  during  the  thirteenth  and 
two  following  centuries.  Members  of  it  were  re- 
peatedly called  upon  to  represent  their  fellow 
citizens  in  the  frequent  parliaments  of  that  period. 
They  filled  the  chief  seats  of  civic  dignity,  held 
local  offices  of  trust  and  importance  under  the 
royal  commission,  and  were  altogether  people  of 
great  wealth,  consideration,  and  influence  in  their 
native  place.  The  last  of  them  who  possessed  the 
magistracy  there  was  John  Butte,  Esq.,  sheriff  in 
1456,  and  mayor  in  1462  and  1471.  He  died  in 
1475  (Blomeheld,  Hist.  Norwich,  fol.,  1741,  p. 
809.)  ;  and  after  his  time  no  more  mention  of  the 
name,  which  is  spelt  in  various  ways,  appears  in 
the  city  annals.  It  next  publicly  occurs,  as  far  as 
I  know,  in  reference  to  Sir  William  Butts  of 
Rvburgh,  physician  to  Hen.  VIII.,  who  died  in 
1545,  and  was  buried  at  Fulham.  Then  we  have 
another  Sir  William  of  Thornage,  who  was  high 
sheriff  of  Norfolk  and  Suffolk  in  1562,  and  repre- 
sented the  former  shire  in  the  parliament  of  1571. 
^Now,  it  has  often  occurred  to  me  that  the  Nor- 
wich family  were  probably  the  progenitors  of  that 
of  which  the  royal  physician  was  a  member  ;  and, 
with  this  impression  on  my  mind,  I  sought  in- 
formation on  the  subject  in  the  pages  of  "  N.  & 
Q,"  so  long  ago  win  1852  (1st  S.  iv.  501.).  I  huve 
not  indeed  the  slightest  proof  of  such  a  connexion 
between  the  two  families  as  is  here  supposed  ;  but 
it  is  not  unworthy  of  notice  that,  about  the  period 
when  the  one  of  them  ceased  to  exist  amongst  the 
notables  of  the  city,  we  begin  to  hear  of  the  other 
amongst  those  of  the  county.  Then  there  is 
another  fact,  to  which  however  unimportant  it 
may  seem  to  be,  I  am  induced  to  refer  -.—Wil- 


is the  distinguishing  Christian  name,  from 
generation  to  generation,  both  in  the  direct  and 
!  collateral  descent  of  the  Norwich  Butts'.  It  is 
i  theirs  with  a  uniformity  of  sequence  that  is  very 
remarkable  and  most  unusual  for  so  lengthened  a 
period ;  and  the  same  observation  applies,  though 
perhaps  with  some  modifications,  to  the  descend- 
ants of  the  Norfolk  Butts'  down  to  the  present 
day.  It  is  true  that  William  is,  of  all  names, 
amongst  the  most  common,  and  these  are  very  in- 
sufficient grounds  whereon  to  build  any  tangible 
conclusions ;  but  still  it  seems  to  me  there  may  be 
something  in  them  to  warrant  investigation,  and, 
as  I  have  long  been  on  the  watch  for  evidence  of 
the  correctness  or  otherwise  of  my  impressions  on 
the  subject,  I  should  be  glad  if  MR.  G.  H.  DASH- 
WOOD  would  give  it  his  consideration. 

It  might  be  inferred,  from  the  tenour  of  these 
remarks,  that  I  am  disposed,  with  your  reverend 
correspondent,  to  regard  the  Congleton  Butts'  as 
mythical  personages.  Such,  however,  is  not  by 
any  means  the  fact ;  and  I  would  venture  to  ob- 
serve, in  allusion  to  them,  that  the  reference  to 
Camderi,  which  is  adduced  in  support  of  the  early 
portions  of  the  pedigree,  is  not,  as  I  understand  it, 
intended  to  apply  to  any  printed  work  of  that 
author's,  but  to  "original  papers,"  as  they  are 
considered  to  be,  "  signed  by  William  Carnden." 
These  papers,  whatever  be  their  value,  I  have 
reason  to  believe,  are  still  in  existence,  and  per- 
haps their  lady-possessor  would  have  no  objection 
to  submit  them  to  competent  examination.  I 
would  take  the  liberty  of  requesting  the  gentle- 
man who,  with  great  courtesy,  privately  commu- 
nicated with  me  in  1852  on  the  subject  of  this 
family,  to  assist  me  in  carrying  out  this  sug- 
gestion, the  more  especially  so  as  Camden  is  made 
to  say,  in  the  documents  referred  to,  that  — 

"  Sir  William  Butts,  who  was  slain  whilst  fighting  in 
the  van  of  the  English  army  commanded  by  the  Lord 
Audley  under  Edward  the  Black  Prince,  at  the  battle  of 
Poictiers,  quarteredjn  the  right  of  his  mother  Constance, 
the  ensigns  of  the  noble  families  of  Fitzhugh,  Sutton, 
Pole,  Vernon,  Neville,  Latimer,  Welles,  Gournay,  Leigh, 
Hussey,  and  Mallet." 

WM.  MATTHEWS. 
Cowgill. 


FANE'S  PSALMS  (2nd  S.  ix.  103.)— I  fear  H.  V. 
will  not  succeed  in  coming  at  a  copy  of  Lady 
Fane's  Psalms.  Lowndes  merely  follows  Herbert 
in  describing  it,  and,  like  his  predecessor,  is 
silent  as  to  the  whereabouts  of  the  book.  Dr. 
Dibdin,  in  his  edition  of  Herbert's  Ames,  strikes 
Lady  Fane  out  of  the  list  of  Rob.  Crowley's  pub- 
lications ;  dismissing  the  work  in  question  in  a 
foot-note,  as  if  a  doubtful  book. 

From  Charle wood's  licence,  in  1563,  for  Sertcn 
Godly  Prayers  of  Lady  Fanes,  it  might  be  con- 
cluded that  the  work  was  neither  Psalms  of  David 


150 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  FEB.  25.  '60. 


in  prose  or  meeter,  but  merely  one  of  the  devo- 
tional and  ejaculatory  prayer  and  meditation 
books  of  which  there  were  many  about  the  pe- 
riod. For  specimens  of  these,  see  Bentley's  Mir- 
ror of  Matronrs,  where  that  pious  student  of 
Graics  Inne  has  laid  all  the  female  authors  of  the 
religious  class  under  contribution  :  take  for  ex- 
ample the  following  from  among  other  spiritual 
trimmings  for  his  Seuen  Seuerall  Lamps  of  Vir- 
ginitie,  1582 :  — 

"  The  Praiers  made  by  the  right  Honourable  Ladie 
Fraunces  Aburgauennie,  and  committed  at  the  houre  of 
hir  death  to  the  right  worshipful  Ladie  Marie  Fane 
(hir  onlie  daughter)  as  a  Jewell  of  health  for  the  Soule 
and  a  perfect  path  to  Paradise,  verie  profitable  to  be  vsed 
of  Euerie  faithfull  Christian  man  and  woman." 

I  leave  it  for  the  better  informed  to  say  if  the 
Lady  Marie  Fane  here  alluded  to,  and  the  Lady 
Elizabeth  Fane  of  Herbert  are  not  one  and  the 
same  person.  J.  O. 

BAZELS  OF  BAIZK  (2nd  S.  ix.  90.) — I  thank  your! 
anonymous  correspondent  Zo.  for  the  information 
which  he  has  given  me  respecting  "  bazels  of 
baize ;"  but  I  cannot  commend  either  the  cour- 
tesy of  his  language,  or  the  clearness  of  his  style. 

This  is  far  from  being  the  first  time  that  I  have 
noticed  epithets,  implications,  and  expressions 
disfiguring  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  which  would 
not  have  been  used  in  conversation  between  gen- 
tlemen ;  or  which,  if  inadvertently  introduced, 
would  have  been  immediately  explained  or  re- 
tracted. I  am  not  the  only  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
who  thinks  that  a  reformation  in  this  respect 
would  improve  the  character,  and  increase  the 
circulation  of  that  very  useful  miscellany. 

PISHEY  THOMPSON. 

Stoke  Newington. 

NOAH'S  ARK  (2nd  S  ix.  64.)  — The  word  in 
Genesis,  HSJ;),  taivah,  which  we  render  ark,  is 
translated  by  the  Septuagint  /ct§&?Tbs,  a  chest.  Jo- 
sephus  describes  it  by  Xa.pva£,  a  chest  or  coffin  ;  so 
does  JSHcolaus  of  Damascus,  as  quoted  by  Jose- 
phus.  The  same  word  in  Exodus  ii.  3.  is  trans- 
lated by  the  Septuagint  3/&,  the  Egyptian  word 
(theevi)  for  chest,  which  is  identical  with  Hlirj;  and 
as  this  word  does  not  belong  to  the  Shemitic 
family,  we  may  conclude  that  it  is  Egyptian,  and 
foreign  to  the  Hebrew.  In  addition  to  this,  the 
form  of  this  floating  chest  as  given  in  Genesis,  the 
breadth  of  which  was  one-sixth  of  its  length,  the 
height  three-fifths  of  its  breadth,  with  a  roof, 
comparable  to  a  lid,  sloping  from  a  ridge  with  an 
inclination  of  one  in  fifteen  (4°  nearly),  together 
with  its  four  floors  and  the  partitions  therein, 
made  the  word  chest  a  more  suitably  descriptive 
term  than  that  of  ship ;  for,  with  the  exception  of 
its  capacity  for  floating,  it  was  unlike  a  ship, 
having  no  keel,  no  stem  or  stern,  no  rudder,  no 
mast,  no  sail,  no  oar,  no  anchor  and  no  cable.  It 


was  therefore  not  fitted  nor  destined  for  any  voy- 
age. The  form  of  Noah's  ark  may  be  readily 
conceived  from  inspection  of  one  of  our  canal 
boats  when  covered  with  tarpaulins,  if  the  stem 
and  stern  be  cut  off,  and  the  ends  be  built  up 
square  and  perpendicular ;  the  stem  and  stern 
are  required  to  enable  such  boats  to  cut  the 
water,  and  to  steer,  so  as  to  avoid  passing  barges ; 
but  these  properties  were  not  required  in  Noah's 
ark.  It  may  be  presumed  that  Noah's  ark  did 
not  encounter  very  stormy  weather,  as  it  was  not 
adapted  to  scud  before  a  gale  of  wind.  In  other 
respects  it  appears  to  have  been  admirably  adapted 
for  a  floating  habitation.  I  may  add  that  there 
can  be  no  just  pretension  to  consider  such  a  float 
as  "  the  perfection  of  naval  architecture,"  the 
latter  calling  into  exercise  the  highest  branches 
of  pure  and  mixed  mathematics.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 

There  does  not  appear  to  be  any  adequate 
foundation  for  those  traditional  representations, 
which  exhibit  Noah's  Ark  with  a  "  flat  bottom  and 
gable  roof."  With  regard  to  the  fitness  cf  the 
Ark  as  a  ship  afloat,  it  is  a  curious  fact  that,  in 
the  early  part  of  the  seventeenth  century,  the 
Dutch  began  to  adopt  the  practice  of  building 
what  have  been  called  "  Noachian  "  ships.  These 
were  no  other  than  vessels  constructed  according 
to  the  exact  proportions  of  Noah's  Ark,  as  given 
Gen.  vi.  15. ;  and  they  were  found  to  answer  re- 
markably well,  both  for  stowage  and  for  sailing. 
The  earliest  account  of  them  which  I  have  met 
with  is  in  the  "  Area  Nocp,  sive  Historia"  §~c. 
Lugd.  Bat.  1666,  a  small  work  by  G.  Hornius, 
who  relates:  "Primum  in  Hollandia  Petrum 
Jannsen,  .  .  .  .  et  ipsum  in  ea  urbe  [Horn,  in  W. 
Friesland]  famosum  civem,  unam  atque  alteram 
anno  hujus  seculi  quarto  [1604]  secundum  Arcse 
Nose  proportionem  navim  ....  struendam  cu- 
rasse.  Unam  longitudine  cxx.  pedum,  latitudine 
xx.,  profunditate  xii."  (p.  26.) 

Here  it  will  be'  observed  that  the  dimensions  in 
feet,  120,  20,  12,  coincide,  in  their  relative  pro- 
portion, with  those  of  Noah's  Ark  in  cubits, 
50,  30  ;  each  proportion,  reduced  to  lowest  ter 
being  30,  5,  3. 

These  Noachian  ships,  according  to  Hornius, 
though  at  first  much  ridiculed  by  seafaring  men,' 
were  soon  found  so  serviceable  as  to  overcome  all 
prejudice.  They  stowed,  he  says,  one-third  more 
than  other  vessels  requiring  the  same  number  of 
hand?,  and  were  faster  sailers ;  so  that,  though 
not  found  available  for  warlike  purposes,  they 
were  generally  adopted  by  the  Dutch  in  times  of 
peace.  "Hujusmodi  navium  usus,  durantibus  in- 
duciis,  passim  apud  Batavos  invaluit."  (Hornius, 
p.  27.) 

The  "Area  Noa?,"  which  is  pictured  in  the  title- 
page  of  Hornius's  little  book,  is  round-bottomed, 
not  flat.  And  if  we  are  also  to  take  it,  whic" 


2nd  S.  IX.  FEB.  25.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


151 


seoiius  probable,  as  in  some  measure  a  represent- 
ation of  one  of  Jansen's  Noachian  ships,  these 
must  have  somewhat  resembled  the  class  of  vessels 
which  we  still  call  u  Dutch-built," 

THOMAS  BOYS. 

SONGS  WANTED  (2n<J  S.  ix.  124.)  — The  song  — 
"Somehow  my  spindle  I  mislaid"  —  was  written 
to  an  air  by  Monsigny  ;  and  "  A  southerly  wind 
and  a  cloudy  sky,"  was  afterwards  adapted  to  the 
same.  The  composer  of  the  music  died  in  Paris 
in  1817.  WM.  CHAPPELL. 

EXCOMMUNICATION  or  QUEEN  ELIZABETH  (2nd 
S.  ix.  44.) — Your  correspondent  J.  R.  asks, 
"  What  was  the  diplomatic  effect,  according  to  the 
public  law  of  Europe,  of  the  excommunication  of 
Queen  Elizabeth  ?  "  The  following  is  an  extract 
from  Bossuet's  Defense  de  la  Declaration  du  Clerge 
de  France,  livre  4,  ch.  23. 

"  The  Bull  of  Paul  III.  against  Henry  VIII.,  and  that 
of  Pius  V.  against  Elizabeth,  were  waste  paper,  despised 
by  the  heretics,  and  in  truth  by  the  Catholics.  Treaties, 
alliances,  commerce,  everything,  in  a  word,  went  on  as 
before,  and  the  Popes  knew  this  would  happen  ;  still  the 
Court  of  Rome,  though  aware  of  the  inutility  of  their 
decrees,  would  publish  them  with  a  view  of  acquiring  a 
chimerical  title." 

I  am  indebted  for  this  information  to  the  late 
Mr.  Charles  Butler's  Vindication  of  the  Book  of 
the  Roman  Catholic  Church  against  the  Rev. 
George  Townsend's  Accusations  of  History  against 
the  Church  of  Rome.  J.  F.  W. 

SIR  GEORGE  PAULE  (2"d  S.  ix.  46.)— Though  I 
cannot  afford  any  direct  answer  to  MR.  SANSOM'S 
Query  respecting  Sir  George  Paule,  "  Knight 
Comptroller  to  his  Grace's  (Archbishop  WhitgTft) 
household,"  yet  I  wish  to  call  his  attention  to  an 
earlier  edition  of  the  Primate's  life  than  the  one 
mentioned  as  published  in  1699.  I  have  a  copy 
of  an  edition  of  the  work  referred  to,  large  8vo., 
"  printed  in  London  by  Thomas  Snodham,  1612." 
As  the  Primate's  death  occurred  in  1603,  mine  is 
probably  the  first  edition.  On  the  reverse  of  the 
title-page  is  a  curious  portrait  of  the  archbishop. 
C.  LE  POER  KENNEDY. 

St.  Albans. 

TREASURIE  or  SIMILIES  (2nd  S.  ix.  80.)  —  The 
"  sweete  trefoile  "  must  be  the  common  melilot, 
Trifolium  officinale,  which,  when  dried,  is  exceed- 
ingly fragrant,  as  I  can  myself  testify  from  expe- 
riment :  much  more  so  than  when  green.  It 
retains  also  its  fragrance ;  whereas  while  the  plant 
is  growing  the  scent  will  vary  according  to  the 
circumstances  of  the  weather :  stronger,  for  in- 
stance, in  a  hot  sunshine  than  in  a  cloudy  and 
moist  atmosphere.  Of  course  its  losing  its  scent 
"seven  times  a  day  and  receiving  it  again"  is  to 
be  understood  largely.  The  allusion  is  evidently 
to  Proverbs  xxiv.  16.,  and  is  really  a  very  pretty 
^imile. 


The  "  great  castle  gillofer  "  is,  I  suppose,  the 
gilliflower,  or  wallflower,  growing  on  old  castle 
walls,  Chciranthus  fruticulosus  ;  it  flowers,  how- 
ever, ordinarily  in  May  and  June,  and  not  so  early 
as  March  and  April.  What  the  writer  means  by 
Marians  violets  I  cannot  discover,  and  suspect 
there  is  a  misprint.  Among  the  eight  species  of 
violets,  I  cannot  find,  either  in  modern  or  old- 
fashioned  botanical  works,  a  popular  name  such 
as  Marian.  There  is  marsh  violet,  Viola  palustris  ; 
is  it  that?  There  is  also  Dame's  violet,  or  Queen's 
violet,  Hesperis  inodora.  JOHN  WILLIAMS. 

Arno's  Court. 

OLD  GRAVEYARDS  IN  IRELAND  (2nd  S.  viii. 
539.)  —  I  feel  pretty  sure  I  can  answer  the  in- 
quiry of  your  correspondent  GEORGE  LLOYD,  and 
in  doing  so  correct  some  inaccuracies  as  to  lo- 
cality and  expression  in  the  inscription  to  which 
he  refers,  and  which  was  probably  copied  from 
memory,  and  therefore  imperfectly. 

The  epitaph  to  which  he  refers,  which  has 
often  been  noticed  with  surprise  and  animadver- 
sion, might  be  read  a  few  years  since  ;  and  if 
shame  has  not  removed  the  impiety,  may  still  be 
read  on  a  slab  inserted  into  the  wall  of  the  South 
Chapel  in  the  city  of  Cork  as  follows  :  — 

«  Hie  Jacet 
Sarg*  Malone,  A  Merchant  from  France, 

Who  valued  the  Riches  of  this  Life 
As  they  secured  him  an  interest  in  the  next 

And  in  '  The  Lamb's  Book  of  Life 
Brought  in  Heaven  A  Debtor  to  Mercy, 
And  left  the  Ballance  on  the  Table  -  ." 

Your  Querist  may  rely  that  the  foregoing  is 
not  only  "possible"  but  certain.  A.  B.  R. 

Belmont. 

ST.  THOMAS  CANTILUPE,  BISHOP  OF  HERE- 
FORD (2"d  S.  ix.  77.)  —According  to  his  history  as 
related  in  Bollandus  (Acta  Sanctorum,  torn.  i.  Oct. 
p.  539.),  he  was  born  at  Hameldene,  a  few  miles 
from  High  Wycombe,  in  the  county  of  Bucks. 


Box  CALLED  "MICHAEL"  (2nd  S.  ii.  351.)  — 
MR.  RILEY,  alluding  to  the  fact  that  in  the  north 
of  England  a  large  box  is  called  a  michael,  and 
that  a  name  for  a  large  box  is  also  ark,  asks,  is 
it  possible  that  some  punster  might  have  given 
the  name  michael  to  the  box  or  ark,  because 
Michael  is  the  Arch-angel  (Ark-angel)  ?  I  ap- 
prehend the  word  michael,  for  a  "  large  box,"  is 
corrupted  from  A.-S.  micel,  great.  Arkwright  =* 
a  maker  of  arks  ;  Micklewright  =  a  maker  of 
michaels  or  mickles.  "  R.  S.  CHARNOCK. 

Gray's  Inn. 

JOHN  LLOYD  (OR  FLOYD),  THE  JESUIT  (2nd  S. 
ix.  13.)  —  Some  farther  account  of  the  above, 
under  the  name  of  John  Floyd,  will  be  found  in 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Oliver's  Collections  towards  Illus- 
trating the  Biography  of  the  Scotch,  English,  and 


152 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


'^  S.  IX.  FEB.  25.  '60. 


Irish  Members  of  the  Society  of  Jesus  (published 
by  Dolman,  London),  page  94.  By  this  it  appears 
that  Father  Floyd  was  a  very  voluminous  writer, 
and  a  list  of  twelve  works,  the  produce  of  his 
pen,  are  given.  In  one  of  them. 

"  An  Apology  of  the  Holy  See  Apostolic's  Proceeding 
for  the  Government  of  the  Catholicks  of  England  during 
the  Time  of  Persecution," 

he  assumes  the  name  of  "  Daniel  of  Jesus." 

J.  F.  W. 

WALK  YOUR  CHALKS  (2nd  S.  ix.  63.)  —  One  of 

the  classical  masters   at School,  years  and 

years  ago,  used  to  tell  us,  —  in  joke,  doubtless,  if 
your  correspondent's  suggestion  be  correct, — that 
this  phrase  had  its  origin  in  the  slave-market  at 
Rome,  where  slaves  newly  arrived  from  abroad 
had  to  stand  with  their  feet  chalked  until  some 
one  bought  and  walked  them  off.  Certainly  the 
chalking  of  the  feet  is  alluded  to  by  Tibullus  (ii. 
3.  63.), 

"  Nota  loquor ;  regnum  ipse  tenet,  quern  saepe  coe'git 
Barbara  gypsatos  ferre  catasta  pedes," 

and  Ovid  (Amor.  i.  64.), 

"  Nee  tu,  si  quis  erit  capitis  meresde  redemptus, 
Despice  gypsati  crimen  inane  pedis" 

Also  Pliny  (Hist.  xxxv.  17,  18.).       J.EASTWOOD. 

JENNINGS  FAMILY  (2nd  S.  ix.  65.)— The  fol- 
lowing extract  from  Faulkner's  History  of  Chelsea 
may  prove  acceptable  to  Mr.  Jennings  :  — 

"  H.  C.  Jennings  was  the  only  son  of  James  Jennings, 
Esq..  of  Shiplake  in  the  county  of  Oxford,  and  was  born 
in  1731,  0.  S.  He  was  descended  from  a  very  ancient 
and  noble  family,  the  Nevils.  and  was  accustomed  to 
reckon  the  celebrated  Sanih  Duchess  of  Marlborongh 
among  his  progenitors."  —  Vol.  i.  p.  87. 

In  1781,  a  Mr.  Joseph  Jennings,  a  dissenter  of 
Fenchurch  Street,  was  buried  at  Chelsea. 

CHELSEGA. 

GEORGE  GASCOIGNE  (2nJ  S.  viii.  453.)  —  George 
Gascoigne,  who  was  "in  trouble  in  1548,"  and 
"Gasion  the  lawyer,"  who  had  "an  old  wife  in 
1551"  (2nd  S.  ix.  13.),  could  not  possibly  have 
been  George  Gascoigne  the  poet,  who  married  late 
in  life,  and  died,  according  to  Southey,  7th  Oct. 
1577,  "  in  middle  age."  Gaston  and  Gastone  are 
said  by  Fuller  to  be  two  of  eighteen  variorum 
spellings  of  Gascoigne.  If  it  were  worth  while 
foj:  MR.  J.  G.  NICHOLS  to  search,  I  think  that 
gentleman  would  find  that  Queen  Mary's  Knight 
of  the  Bath  was  Sir  Henry,  second  son  of  Sir 
William  Gascoigne  of  Gavvthorpe,  by  the  Lady 
Margaret  Percy,  his  wife.  R.  VV.  DIXON. 

Seaton-Carew,  co.  Durham. 

MACAULAY  FAMILY  (2nd  S.  ix.  44.  86.)  — I 
think  FITZGILBERT  has  fallen  into  error  when  he 
says  that  the  Babingtons  claim  descent  from  the 
Macaulays,  as  I  believe  MR.  IRVING  is  right  in 
stating  that  the  first  alliance  of  the  two  families 


took  place  on  the  marriage  of  the  late  Thomas 
Babington,  Esq.,  M.P.  for  Leicestershire,  with 
Miss  Jean  Macaulay.  It  is  not,  however,  from 
their  relationship  with  the  Macaulays,  ancient  as 
this  latter  family  may  be,  that  the  Babingtons 
claim  to  be  one  of  the  foremost  names  on  the  roll 
of  England's  untitled  gentry.  This  ancient  fa- 
mily consists  now  of  two  great  branches,  the 
Babingtons  of  Dethick,  and  the  Babingtons  of 
Rothley.  Amongst  the  forty  coats  of  noble  and 
illustrious  families  which  now  decorate  their  an- 
cestral shield  are  to  be  found  those  of  Ward, 
Dethick,  Annesley,  Stafford,  Beaumont,  de  Quincy, 
de  Waet,  Baliol,  the  old  Earls  of  Chester,  Alan 
Earl  of  Galloway,  Morvile.  Engaine,  and  many 
others.  In  addition,  the  Babingtons  of  Rothley 
bear  four  crests,  three  badges,  and  have  a  right 
to  supporters.  Rothley  Temple  came  into  pos- 
session of  the  Babington  family  about  the  year 
1500,  and  in  due  course  descended  to  the  pre- 
sent Mr.  Babington,  late  of  Rothley,  by  whom  it 
was  sold  to  his  brother-in-law,  the  late  Vice- 
Chancellor  Sir  James  Parker,  to  whose  son  it 
now  belongs.  This  branch  of  the  Babington 
family  also  possesses  a  privilege  which  I  believe 
to  be  unique.  It  is  that  at  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge,  there  is  a  set  of  rooms  belonging  to 
them,  and  except  by  the  express  permission  of  the 
head  of  the  fainily  for  the  time  being,  no  one  but 
a  Babington  can  occupy  them.  J.  A.  PN. 

Who  was  the  author  of  Rothley  Temple,  a  Poem, 
Svo.  (Cadell,  1815)?*  It  is  a  legendary  story  of  the 
time  of  Edward  I.,  and  is  of  interest  at  the  mo- 
ment, as  it  associates  the  names  of  Babington  and 
Macaulay  at  that  early  period.  J.  O. 

SAMUEL  DANIEL  (2nd  S.  viii.  204.;  ix.  90.)— My 
authority  for  stating  that  this  poet  was  not  a 
Somersetshire  man  born,  is  his  epitaph.  It  oc- 
curs in  a  printed  collection  in  three  volumes  oc- 
tavo, which  I  saw  in  the  British  Museum,  but 
the  exact  title  of  which  I  do  not  remember  :  — 

"  At  Beckington,  Somerset, 

Samuel  Daniel,  Esq.,  whose  calme  and  blessed  Spirit 
needs  no  other  Testimonie  than  ye  works  wch  he  left 
behinde  him.  He  was  borne  at  Wilmington  in  Wilt- 
shire, nere  ye  plaine  of  Salisbury  in  ye  yeare  . .  .  and 
was  buried  at  LJeckington,  in  Somersetshire,  ye  14th  of 
October,  1619." 

C.  J.  ROBINSON. 

MEDALS  OF  THE  PRETENDER  (2nd  S.  ix.  60.) — 
Reading  an  article  in  your  Viilunble  paper  headed 
"  The  Young  Pretender  in  England,"  I  am  in- 
duced to  give  a  description  of  two  medals  of  that 
person  selected  from  my  series  of  medals  (relating 
to  the  Pretenders),  published  in  the  Numismutic 
Chronicle,  1839.  No.  1.  Bust  to  the  right  of 
Charles  Edward,  without, drapery ;  legend,  CAROLVS. 


[*  Ascribed  to  Dr.  Gisborne  in  the   Gent.  Mug.  Dec. 
1815,  p.  521.- ED.] 


2nd  S.  IX.  FEB.  25.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


153 


K.  PRINCEPS.  1745.  Reverse.  Britannia 
standing  near  a  rock  on  the  seashore.  In  her 
ri"ht  hand  she  holds  a  spear,  her  left  rests  on  a 
shield ;  behind  it  a  globe,  in  the  distance  are  ships 
sailing  towards  her.  Legend,  AMOR.  ET.  SPES.  The 
medal  evidently  was  struck  to  commemorate  the 
hope  desired  by  his  partisans. 

No.  2.  Bust  of  Prince  Charles  to  the  right,  with- 
out drapery.  Legend,  REDEAT.  MAGNVS.  ILLE. 
GENIVS.  BRITANNIA.  Reverse.  Britannia  stands  on 
the  seashore  watching  the  approach  of  ships.  Le- 
gend, o.  DIV.  DESIDERATA.  NAVis. ;  in  the  exergue, 

LATAMNI.  CIVIS,  SEP.  XXIII.    MDCCLII.       This  would 

imply  that  the  former  hope  had  been  realised,  but 
we  have  no  notice  in  history  to  warrant  such  a 
supposition.  Perhaps  some  of  your  correspondents 
may  kindly  suggest  the  cause  of  the  medal  being 
struck  at  this  period,  1752.  W.  D.  HAGGARD. 

Windsor. 

DONNELLAN  LECTURES  (2nd  S.  ix.  70.)  —  Permit 
me  to  make  an  addition  to  the  list  of  the  Don- 
nellan  Lecturers.  The  lecturer  for  1858  was  the 
Rev.  James  Wills,  D.D.,  "  An  Estimate  of  the 
Antecedent  Probability  of  Christianity  and  of  its 
Doctrines."  Now  in  the  press,  and  nearly  ready 
for  publication.  A  CONSTANT  READER. 

JUDGES'  COSTUME  (2"d  S.  ix.  45.)  — In  answer 
to  your  correspondent's  Queries,  I  would  suggest 
that 

1.  Linnen  silk  is  lining  silk;  "lining"   (linea- 
tuni)  being  so  called  from  the  fact  that  linen  was 
much  used  for  that  purpose  ;  the  cloth  was  to  be 
lined  with  silk  in  the  summer,  and  trimmed  with 
budge  (lambskin)  in  the  winter. 

2.  "  Colour  curt"  was  probably"  court  colour;" 
crimson  or  scarlet,   perhaps  of  a  peculiar  shade, 
as  still  worn  exclusively  by  the  domestics  of  the 
royal  household. 

3.  Tires  of  minever  were  sets  of  fur  (not  silk) 
composed  of  a  certain  number  of  skins.     The  tire 
was    identical  with  the   tymbre    or   senellio,   and 
consisted   of  a  length    of  six  or  ten  skins  sewn 
together.     In  the  Assisa  de  Ponderibus  et  Men- 
mris,   §   205.,    Stat.  of   the   Realm,   the   various 
readings  are  10  and  40.      From   this    word  tire 
our  present  "  tier  "  is  derived. 

4.  As  to  "  furs  of  silk,"  I  can  say  nothing ;  but 
"  tires  of  silk,"   I  ehould  take  to  be  the  correct 
rea'lbg. 

For  mention  of  "  iy mires  of  furs,"  see  the 
Wardrobe  Accounts  for  1483,  Antiq.  Repert.  i.  29., 
et  passim.  HENRY  T.  RILEY. 

THIS  DAY  EIGHT  DAYS  (2nd  S.  viii.  531.)— This 
expression  is  taken  from  the  Romish  Church, 
where  the  "octave"  of  a  feast  is  mentioned.  Thus 
All  Saints  being  held  the  1st  November,  its  octave 
is  the  8th  of  that  month,  and  the  23rd  April  being 
St.  George,  its  octave  is  the  30th  of  the  same 
month.  Our  phrases  "  this  day  week,"  and  "  this 


day  se'nnight,"  are  incorrect  in  terms  ;  for  Mon- 
day being  the  first  day  of  the  week,  next  Sunday 
is  the  seventh  day,  consequently  it  is  the  eighth 
from  the  preceding  Sunday.  So  in  music  we  have 
seven  notes,  but  the  first  of  the  next  series  is  re- 
quired to  make  the  octave,  or  eighth  note. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 
Lichfield. 

A  GLOUCESTERSHIRE  STORY  (2nd  S.  ix.  93.)— 
PROVINCIALIS  should  have  added  to  his  narrative 
that  the  "  story  "  was  embodied  in  a  humorous 
poem  entitled  *k  Chavenajre,"  by  the  late  Rev.  R. 
W.  Huntley,  M.  A.,  late  Fellow  of  All  Souls,  and 
dedicated  to  the  Warden  and  Fellows  of  that 
College. 

This  tale  of  the  Cotswolds  displays  something  of 
the  religious  and  political  feelings  of  the  period 
during  which  the  tale*  runs,  though  two  other 
local  traditions,  under  the  heads  of  Hawkesbury 
Manor  and  Squire  Matthew,  are  given  in  the  same 
volume.  An  introduction  precedes  the  poem. 
Lond.  Burns,  1845.  G. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

Memoirs,  Letters,  and  Speeches  of  Anthony  Ashley  Cooper, 
First  Karl  of  Shaftesbury,  Lord  Chancel/or ;  with  other 
Papers  illustrating  his  Life,  from  his  Birth  to  the  Restora- 
tion. Edited  by  W.  D.  Christie.  Esq.,  H.M.  Envoy  Ex- 
traordinary  and  Minister  Plenipotentiary  in  Brazil. 
(Murray.) 

Mr.  Christie  has  here  given  to  the  world  a  volume  well 
calculated  to  please  readers  of  English  history,  and  who 
desire  to  know  the  truth.  Nearly  eighteen  j^ears  since 
he  conceived  the  idea  of  writing  a'Life  of  the  first  Earl  of 
Shaftesbury,  and  soon  found  how  extensive  were  the  in- 
quiries, how  careful  must  be  the  investigation,  which 
such  a  subject  demanded ;  and  the  present  volume  may 
be  considered  as  a  first  instalment  towards  the  publica- 
tion of  such  a  series  of  original  documents  as  should  at 
once  clear  the  way,  and  prepare  the  public  mind  for  the 
proposed  Life.  It  contains,  besides  two  fragments  of 
autobiography,  many  other  original  documents  from  the 
collections  of  the  present  Lord  Shaftesbury  and  of  Lord 
Lovelace  —  the  whole  being  illustrated  wfth  a  series  of 
notes,  which  add  greatly  to  the  value  of  the  book,  and 
prove  that  Mr.  Christie  possesses  the  zeal  and  intel- 
ligence requisite  to  do  justice  to  the  important  biography 
which  he  has  undertaken.  Mr.  Christie's  defence  of 
Shaftesbury  from  Lord  Campbell's  criticisms,  is  written 
in  a  frank"  and  manly  spirit,  which  Lord  Campbell  will 
we  are  sure  be  the  first  to  admit. 

Shakspeare  Papers  by  William  Maginn,  LL.D.  New 
edition.  (Bentley.) 

Dr.  Maginn  was  a  man  of  such  vast  intellectual  powers 
that  his  criticism,  when  exercised  upon  works  of  the 
highest  genius,  was  ever  as  loving  as  it  was  profound. 
No  wonder  then  that  we  have  in  the  series  of  Essays 
here  collected,  not  only  traces  of  his  reverence  for  the 
genius  of  Shakspeare,  but  the  clearest  insight  into  many 
of  the  most  subtle  workings  of  Shakspeare's  mind :  so 
that  the  reader  will  rise  from  a  perusal  of  each  Kssay, 
not  only  with  a  new  and  deeper  sense  of  the  beauties  of 
the  poet,  but  with  that  which  it  has  been  so  long  a 


154 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«<tS.  IX.  FEB.  25.  '60. 


fashion  to  deny  to  Shakspeare's  admirers  in  this  country 
— the  power  of  giving  a  reason  for  the  faith  which  he 
has  in  him.  The  Essays  here  reprinted  are  nine  in 
number,  viz.,  1.  Sir  John  Falstaff ;  II.  Jaques;  III. 
Romeo;  IV.  Midsummer's  Night's  Dream — Bottom  the 
Weaver ;  V,  His  Ladies— Lady  Macbeth  ;  VI.  Timon  of 
Athens;  VII.  Polonius;  VIII.  lago;  IX.  Hamlet.  The 
work  will  be  more  acceptable  to  many  from  the  pleasant 
and  graphic  sketch  of  Maginn  by  which  it  is  preceded. 

Jahrbuch  fur  Romanische  und  Englische  Literatur  unter 
besonderer  Mitwerkung  von  Ferdinand  Wolf,  herausgegeben 
von  Dr.  Adolf  Ebert.  Band  II.  1  und  2  Heft.  (Duinm- 
ler,  Berlin.)  . 

We  cannot  do  better,  by  w*ay  of  recommending  this 
periodical  to  our  friends  in  England,  than  enumerate  the 
contents  of  these  two  newly  published  parts.  They  are, 
On  Two  Romances  of  Benoit  de  Sainte  More,  by  Pey ; 
Spanish  Proverbs,  by  De  los  Rios ;  Jean  de  Conde's  Dit  du 
Magnificat,  by  Tobler;  Contributions  to  the  History  of 
Romance  Poetry,  by  Liebrecht ;  Virus's  Life  and  Works, 
by  Munch ;  The  first  Historical  Romance  in  Spanish 
South  America,  by  Ferdinand  Wolf;  on  the  Ossian  Ques- 
tion, by  Dr.  Heller.  Each  part  contains  in  addition  a 
number  of  reviews,  as  of  Dyce's  Shakspeare ;  Child  and 
Aytoun's  Ballads ;  Wright's  Vocabularies ;  Coleridge's 
Glossarial  Index ;  Lenient,  La  Satire  en  France,  &c. 

Mr.  Collier  has  been  even  more  prompt  in  his  reply  to 
Mr.  Hamilton's  pamphlet  than  we  had  anticipated.  It 
was  published  in  The  Athenceum  of  Saturday  last. 

The  new  Shakspearian  Documents  —  of  which  we  an- 
nounced the  discovery  in  last  week's  "  N.  &  Q."  —  will,  it 
is  said,  be  published  very  shortly  under  the  editorship  of 
Mr.  Staunton. 


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CROMKS' PRAGMATISCHE  GESCHICHTE  DEK  VORNBEHMSUSN    MO'NCHSORDKR  . 

Leipzig.    1783.    10  Vols. 
HENRIOT,  HJSTOIHE  DES  ORDRES  RELIOIKCSES. 

Wanted  by  Messrs.  Blackwood.  %  Sons,  Edinburgh. 

NISBET'S  SCOTTISH  HERALDRY.    A  complete  copy. 

HISTORY  OP  THE  STEWARTS,  by  Duncan  Stewart,  A.M.  A  complete  copy. 
Wanted  by  J.  E.  S.,  Pembroke  College,  Oxford. 


PUGIN'S  GLOSSARY  OP  ARCHITECTURE.  Vols.  II.  and  III. 
AVRILLON'S  GDIDE  POR  LENT.    Ed.  Pusey. 
CRUCIANA. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Dixon, "  English  Churchman,"  Office,  Fleet  Street. 

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MORRELL'S  SEALING  VOYAGES. 

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We  are  compelled  by  want  of  space  to  postpone  till  next  week  many  very 
important  papers,  several  of  our  Notes  on  Books,  and  Answers  to  Cor- 
respondents. 

ACHE.    The  line, 

"  The  child  is  father  of  the  man,". 
isfrom  Wordsworth. 

J.  W.  G.  GUTCH.  The  origin  of  the  nursery  rhyme,  "  Little  Jack  Hor- 
ner"  has  appeared  in  our  2nd  S.  iv.  156.;  v.  83. 

VEBNA.  The  same  explanation  of  "  a  leading  coach"  has  been  sug- 
gested in  our  2nd  S.  iii.  68. 199. 

EBKATUM.— 2nd  S. ix.  p.  134.  col.  i.  1.  23.  for  "if  it 
satisfy  "  read  "  if  it  does  not  satisfy." 

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London:  BELL  &  DALDY,  186.  Fleet  Street. 


W 


NEW  NOVEL  BY  R.  B.  BROUGH. 

This  day  is  published,  in  2  Vols.,  post  8vo.  cloth,  and  jtnay  be  had  at 
all  the  Libraries. 

HICH  IS  WHICH?  or,   MILES    CASSIDY'S 

CONTRACT,  a  Picture  Story.    By  ROBERT  B.  BROUGH. 
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STARCH, 

USED  IN  THE  ROYAL  LAUNDRY, 

IONOUNCED  BY  HER  MAJESTY'S  LAUNDRESS,  TO  B£ 
THE  FINEST  STARCH  SHE  EVER  USED. 

Sold  by  all  Chandlers,  Grocers,  &c.  &c. 
WOTHERSPOON  &  CO.,  GLASGOW  &  LONDO.V. 


PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS  is  the  CHEAPEST 

I  HOUSE  in  the  Trade  for  PAPER  and  ENVELOPES,  &c.  Useful 
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man  Street,  London,  E.C.  have  received  the  COUNCIL  MEDAL  of 
the  GREAT  EXHIBITION  of  1851,  and  the  FIRST-CLASS  PRIZE 
MEDAL  of  the  PARIS  EXHIBITION  of  1855,  "For  the  excellence 
of  their  Microscopes." 

An  Illustrated  Pamphlet  of  the  10Z.  EDUCATIONAL  MICRO- 
SCOPE, sent  by  Post  on  receipt  of  Six  Postage  Stamps. 

i  "  A  GENERAL  CATALOGUE  may  be  had  on  application. 


2«d  S.  IX.  FEB.  25.  'GO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


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W.C. 

"E  N  S  O  N  '  S        WATCHES.— 

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33.  and  34.  LUDGATE  HILL,  London,  E.C. 


B 


BROWN   &   POLSON'S 
PATENT    C  O  R  Xtf 

Preferred  to  the  best  Arrowroot. 

DELICIOUS  in  PUDDI.NT.S.  CUSTARDS,  BLANCMANGE,  CAKK,&C., 
aud  especially  suited  to  the  delicacy  of 

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Obtain  it  where  inferior  articles  are  not  substituted. 

From  Grocers,  Chemists,  Confectioners,  and  Corn  Dealers. 

PAISLEY,  DUBLIN,  MANCHESTER,  and  LONDON. 

]}RIZE    MEDAL    LIQUID    HAIR   DYE. 
ONLY    ONE    APPLICATION. 


INSTANTANEOUS, 

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HARMLESS, 

and 

SCENTLESS. 

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Laboratory,  72.  Hatton  Garden,  London,  E.C. 

"  Mr.  Langdale's  preparations  are,  to  our  mind,  the  most  extra- 
ordinary productions  of  modern  chemistry."— Illustrated  London  News, 
July  19, 1851. 

A  long  and  interesting  report  on  the  Products  of  E.  F.  Langdale's 
Laboratory,  by  a  Special  Scientific  Commission  from  the  Editor  of  the 
Lancet,  will  be  found  in  that  Journal  of  Saturday,  January  10th,  1857. 
A  Copy  will  be  forwarded  for  Two  Stamps. 

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Brain. 

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rpHE 

I     an 

RIUM. 


AQUARIUM._LLOYD'S  DESCRIPTIVE 

and  ILLUSTRATED  LIST  of  whatever  relates  to  the  AQUA- 
M.isnow  ready,  price  Is.  5  or  by  Post  for  Fourteen  Stamps.    128 
Pages,  and  87  Woodcuts. 

W.  ALFORD  LLOYD,  19,20,  and  20  A.  Portland  Road,  Regent's 
Park,  London.  W 

ITANDSOME  BRASS  and  IRON  BEDSTEADS. 

-how  Rooms  contain  a  large  Assortment  of  Brass 

Bedsteads,  suitable  both  for  Home  Use  and  lor  Tropical  Climates  ; 

•  me  Iron  Bednteads  with  Brass  Mountings  and  elegantly  Japan- 

riain  Iron  Bedsteads  for  Servants;  every  description  of  Wood 

Bedstead   that  is   manufactured,  in  Mahosany,  Birch,  Walnut  Tree 

Woods,  Policed  Deal  and  Japanned,  all  fitted  with  Bedding  and  Fur- 

itures  complete,  us  well  as  every  description  of  Bedroom  Furniture. 

EAL    &    SON'S    ILLUSTRATED    CATA- 

:   E,  containing  Designs  and  Prices  of  100  BEDSTKADS,  as 
cut  ARTICLES  of  BED-ROOM  FURNITURE, 

N  ,  Bedstead,  Bedding,  and  Bed-room  Furniture 
Manufacturers,  ]%.  Tottenham-court  Road,  W. 


IT 


UNITED   KINGDOM 
LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  LONDON, 

S.W. 

The  Hon.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  Esq.,  Deputy  Chairman. 

FOURTH  DIVISION  OF  PROFITS. 

SPECIAL  NOTICE.-Parties  desirous  of  participating  in  the  fourth 
division  of  profits  to  be  declared  on  all  policies  effected  prior  to  the  31st 
December  next  year,  should,  in  order  to  enjoy  the  same,  make  imme- 
diate application.  There  have  already  been  three  divisions  of  profits, 
and  the  bonuses  divided  have  averaged  nearly  2  per  cent,  per  annum  on 
the  sums  assured,  or  from  30  to  100  per  cent,  on  the  premiums  paid, 
without  imparting  to  the  recipients  the  risk  of  copartnership,  as  ia  the 
case  in  mutual  societies. 

To  show  more  clearly  what  these  bonuses  amount  to,  three  following 
cases  are  put  forth  as  examples  : 

Sum  Insured.        Bonuses  added.        Amount  payable  up  to  Dec.,  1861. 
£5,000  £1,987  10s.  £t>,987  10s. 

1,000  397  10s.  1,397  10s. 

100  39  15s.  139  15s. 

Notwithstanding  these  large  additions,  the  premiums  are  on  the 
lowest  scale  compatible  with  security  for  the  payment  of  the  policy  when 
death  arises;  in  addition  to  which  advantages,  one  half  of  the  premiums 
may,  it'desired,  for  the  term  of  five  years,  remain  unpaid  at  5  per  cent, 
interest,  the  other  half  being  advanced  by  the  company  without  security 
or  deposit  of  the  policy. 

The  Assets  of  the  Company  at  the  31st  December,  1858,  exclusive  of 
the  large  subscribed  Capital,  amounted  to  £652,618  3*.  10d..  all  of  which 
has  been  invested  in  Government  and  other  approved  securities. 

No  charge  for  Volunteer  Military  Corps  whilst  serving  in  the  United 
Kingdom. 

Policy  Stamps  paid  by  the  Office. 

Immediate  application  should  be  made  to  the  Resident  Director,  8. 
Water,.. PJ.ce.P^lM^.-By order, 


W 


ESTEE1S    LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 

ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON.S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1843. 


H.  E.  Bickuel 
T.  8.  Cocks,  E 


i,Esq. 


Directors. 


E.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Marson,  Esq. 
A.  Robinson,  Esq. 
J.L.  Seager.Esq. 
J.B.  Whlte.Egq. 


G.  H.  Drew,  Esq.  M.A. 
W.  Freeman,  Esq. 
F.  Fuller,  Esq. 
J.  H.  Goodliart.Esq. 

Physician.-W.  B.  Basham,  M.D. 

Bankers  —  Messrs.  Cocks,  Biddulph.andCo. 

Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  this  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  paying  a  Premium,  as  permission  is  given  upon 
application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  the  con- 
ditions detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

LOANS  from  100*.  to  500J.  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 
Security. 

Attention  is  also  invited  to  t  Derates  of  annuity  gran  ted  to  old  lives, 
for  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 
Example  :  1002.  cash  paid  down  purchases  —  An  annuity  of  — 
£  s.  d. 

10   4    o  to  a  male  life  aged  60) 
12    S    I  „  65  1  Payable  as  lone 

14  16   3  „  791    as  he  is  alive. 

18  11  10  „  7iJ 

Now  ready,  10th  Edition,  price  7s.  6d.,  of 

MR.     SCRATCHLEY'S     MANUAL,     on 

FRIENDLY  SOCIETIES,  with  RULES,  TABLES,  and  an  EXPO- 

SITION of  the  TRUE  LAW  OF  SICKNESS. 

SHAW  &  SONS,  Fetter  Lane  ;  and  LAYTONS,  150.  Fleet  Street,  E.C. 


TNTRODUCER    OF  THE   SOUTH    AFRICAN 

JL  PORT,  SHERRY,  &c.,20s.  per  dozen.  BOTTLES  INCLUDED, 
an  advantage  greatly  appreciated  by  the  Public  and  a  constantly  in- 
creasing connexion,  saving  the  great  annoyance  of  returning  them. 

A  PINT  SAMPLE  OF  BOTH  FOR  24  STAMPS. 

WINE  IN  CASH  forwarded  Free  to  any  Railway  Station  in  England. 
EXCELSIOR  BRANDY,  Pale  or  Brown,  15s.  per  gallon,  or  30s.  per 

dozen. 

TERMS,  CASU.    Country  Orders  must  contain  a  remittance.     Cross 
cheques  "  Bank  of  London."    Price  Lists  forwarded  on  application. 
JAMES  L.  DENMAN,  65.  Fenchurch  Street.comer  of  Bailway  Place 
London,  E.C. 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


a  S.  IX.  MAR.  3.  '60. 


NOTES    AND    QUERIES: 

at  $nter-C0iyumtnuu{ion 


LITERARY  MEN,  ARTISTS,  ANTIQUARIES, 

GENEALOGISTS,  ETC. 
Price  4rf.  unstamped  ;  or  od.  stamped. 


CONTENTS  OF  No.  217.  —  FEBRUARY  25xH. 

NOTES:  —  Ante-Reformation  Archdeacon's  Charge  and  In- 
quisition —  "  The  Temporal  Government  of  the  Pope's 
State"  —  Notes  on  Hudibras  —  Colclharbour  —  Sir  Peter 
Paul  Hubens. 

MINOR  NOTES:—  Bishop  Berkeley's  Works  and  Life—  A 
Legend  of  the  Zuiderzee  —  Nelson's  Coxswain,  Sykes?  — 
Autocrat  of  the  Breakfast  Table  :  W.  Cookson  :  Whipple- 
tree—  The  Stanley  Family  —  Wellington  and  Nelson  — 
Recent  Misapplication  of  the  Words  "Facetious"  and 
"  Facetiae." 

QUERIES:  —  "High  Life  below  Stairs  "—  James  Ainslie 
—Earthquakes  in  England,  &c.—  Nichols's  "Leicestershire" 

—  Robert  Seagrave  —  Motto  for  a  Village  School  —  Benja- 
min Leveling  —  Sylvester,    &c.  —  Sir  Peter  Carew  —  The 
Word  "  Quarter  "—Charles  Kirkham—  The  Music  of  "  The 
Twa  Corbies"—  Josiah  King  —  Medal  of  James  ILL  — 
Chronicles  of  London  —  "Les  Mysteres,"  &c.  —  Crowe  of 
Kiplin  Family,  &c. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS:—  Passage  in  Psalm  xxx.  5.  — 
Coningsby's  "  Marden  "—  Cromwell's  Interview  with  Lady 
Ingilby  —  Jacob  du  Rondel  —  "  Don  Quixote"  in  Spanish 

—  "  He  Ayho  runs  may  read  "  —  "  The  Christmas  Ordinary  " 

—  Cavaliere  John  Gallini. 

REPLIES  :  —  Fictitious  Pedigrees  —  Arithmetical  No- 
tation —  Brownists  —  Butts  Family  —  Fane's  Psalms  — 
Bazel  of  Baize  —  Noah's  Ark  —  Songs  Wanted  —  Ex- 
communication of  Queen  Elizabeth  —  Sir  George  Paule 

—  Treasurie  of   Similies  —  Old  Graveyards  in  Ireland  — 
St.  Thomas  Cantilupe,  Bishop  of  Hereford  —  Box  called 
"Michael"  —  John  Lloyd  (or  Floyd),  the  Jesuit—  Walk 
your   Chalks  —  Jennings   Family  —  George    Gascoigne  — 
Macaulay  Family  —  Samuel  Daniel,  &c., 

Notes  on  Books.      _ 

A  few  Sets  of  NOTES  AND  QUERIES  :  _ 

First  Series,  12  vols.  cloth,  bds.,  price  61.  6s. 

Second  Series,  Vols.  I.  to  VIII.,  47.  4s.  cloth  ;  and 

General  Index  to  First  Series,  price  5s.  cloth,  bds.  may  still  be  had. 

"DENSON'S         WATCHES.— 

"  Perfection  of  mechanism."—  Morning  Post. 

Gold,  4  to  10!)  guineas  ;  Silver,  2  to  50  guineas.  Send  2  Stamps  for 
Benson's  i  Illustrated  Watch  Pamphlet.  Watches  sent  to  all  parts  of 
the  World  Free  per  Post. 

33.  and  34.  LUDGATE  HILL,  London,  E.G. 


PATEWT    STARCH, 

USED  IN  THE  ROYAL  LAUNDRY, 

AND  PRONOUNCED  BY  HER  MAJESTY'S  LAUNDRESS,  TO  BE 
THE  FINEST  STARCH  SHE  EVER  USED. 

Sold  by  all  Chandlers,  Grocers,  £c.  &c. 
WOTHERSPOON  &  CO.,  GLASGOW  &  LONDON. 


ANDSOME  BRASS  and  IRON  BEDSTEADS. 


T.^^A^  &  S9N,'S  Show  Rooms  contain  a  large  Assortment  of  Brass 
Bedsteads  suitable  both  for  Home  Use  and  for  Tropical  Climates ; 
handsome  Iron  Bedsteads  with  Brass  Mountings  and  elegantly  Japan- 
ned; Plain  Iron  Bedsteads  for  Servants  ;  every  description  of  Wood 
Bedstead  that  is  manufactured,  in  Mahogany,  Birch,  Walnut  Tree 
Woods,  Polished  Deal  and  Japanned,  all  fitted  with  Beddin^  and  Fur- 
nitures complete,  as  well  as  every  description  of  Bedroom  Furniture. 

ILLUSTRATED    CATA- 

Prices  of  100  BEDSTEADS,  as 
f  BED-ROOM  FURNITURE, 


MEAL    &    SON'S    ILLUSTI 
LOGUE,  containing  Designs  and  Prices  i 
as  of  150  different  ARTICLES  of  BED- 
SENT  1  WJEJS  BY  i-'OST. 

HEAL  &  SON,  Bedstead,  Bedding,  and  Bed-room  Furnitui e 
Manufacturers,  196.  Tottenham-court  Road,  W. 


RCHITECTURAL     PHOTOGRAPHIC 

ASSOCIATION.  -  The  EXHIBITION  of  more  than  500 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


155 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  MARCH  3.  I860. 


N«.  218.— CONTENTS. 

NOTES :  —  Richard  Thomson  of  Clare  Hall,  155  —  Anderson 
Papers,  157  —  Pepys's  Manuscripts,  158— Old  Scotch  Gen- 
try, 76.  —  "  Ullorxa,"  159. 

MINOB  NOTES :  —  Dr.  Samuel  Parr  —  The  Coif—  Baptismal 
Names  — The  Rev.  Christopher  Love  — The  First  Repor- 
ters—  Dock  and  Custom-house  Business,  159. 

QUERIES:— George  Fox's  Will,  161  —  Jesuit  Epigram  on 
Church  of  England,  temp.  Car.  I.  —  Fitzwilliam  Family,  of 
Mcrrion  —  Fisher  Family— Irish  Kings  Knighted— Geo. 
Middleton's  MSS.  — Burrows  Family— George  Adams, 
M.A.  — Fletcher  Family  —Major  Rogers  —  Field  Family  — 
Fye  Bridge,  Norwich  —  Huttner's  Autographs  —  John 
Farrington  —  Pig-tails  and  Powder  —  The  Lady's  and 
Gentleman's  Skulls  —  Bishop  Gibson's  Wife  —  Trinity 
Corporation  — Brighton  Pavilion,  161. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  —  Grub  Street  —  Saint  TJncum- 
ber  — Ter-Sanctus  —  Roman  Military  Oath  — Greek  MS. 
Play  — "The  Female  Volunteer,"  163. 

REPLIES:  — The  De  Hungerford  Inscription  and  its  In- 
dulgences, 165  — Elucidation  of  Durie  Clavie  at  Burghead, 
169  — Playing  Cards,  Ib.  —  "  Vestigia  uulla  retrorsum"  — 
Dinner  Etiquette  —  "  Beause"ant,"  Etymology  of — Colonel 
Frederick,  son  of  Theodore,  King  of  Corsica  —  Arms 
Wanted  —  St.  Thomas  of  Hereford  —  "  My  Eye  and 
Betty  Martin  "  —  Do nny brook  near  Dublin,  170. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


RICHARD  THOMSON  OF  CLARE  HALL. 

Among  the  Fellows  of  Clare  Hall  noted  for 
their  profound  knowledge  of  divinity  in  Nicholas 
Ferrar's  undergraduate  days,  Bp.  Turner  names 
"Dutch  Thomson,  as  we  quote  him  still  at  Cam- 
bridge" (Ruggle's  Ignoramus,  ed.  Hawkins,  p.  ix. 
n.).  In  a  note  on  Two  Lives  of  Nicholas  Ferrar 
(Cambridge,  1855,  8vo.,  pp.  171, 172.),  I  collected 
a  few  notices  of  Thomson,  but  was  not  then 
aware  of  the  high  opinion  which  the  greatest 
scholars  of  the  age,  the  Scaligers  and  Casaubons, 
had  expressed  of  his  ripe  scholarship. 

The  literary  character  of  King  James's  trans- 
lators (Thomson  belonged  to  the  Westminster 
class,  to  whom  the  early  books  of  the  Old  Testa- 
ment were  assigned*)  cannot  be  unimportant  to 
Englishmen.  I  have,  therefore,  gleaned  some  ma- 
terials for  a  memoir  of  Thomson  from  the  printed 
correspondence  of  the  time,  and  shall  be  glad  to 
learn  more  of  him.  As  the  whole  number  of 
Englishmen  eminent  for  classical  learning  is  very 
small,  and^this  is,  I  believe,  the  first  attempt  to 
claim  for  Thomson  a  place  amongst  them,  I  have 
gone  more  into  detail  than  the  authors  of  Athena 
Cantabrigienses  can  afford  to  do,  and  must  beg 
your  permission  to  devote  two  or  three  papers  to 
the  subject. 

Fuller's  Church  History,  ed.  Brewer,  vol.  v.  p.  371. 


Bishop  Andrewes,  writing  to  Is.  Casaubon, 
Sept.  8,  1612,  says  (Minor  Works,  p.  xlv.)  :  - 

"  Thompsonus  valet,  et  novum  magistratum  ineditatur, 
in  eoque  totus  est." 

Mr.  Bliss,  in  his  note,  refers  to  Casaubon' s  let- 
ters for  a  favourable  character  of  Thomson. 

In  Casauboni  Epistolce,  ed.  Almeloveen,  Rote- 
rodami,  1709,  fol.,  the  following  are  addressed  to 
Thomson,  or  refer  to  him. 

No.  12.  p.  8.,  Geneva,  Apr.  25,  1594.  To 
Thomson.  This  letter  implies  a  previous  fami- 
liarity and  correspondence,  and  speaks  of  Thom- 
son's scholarship  as  on  a  level  with  the  writer's. 
Casaubon  offers  assistance  in  an  edition  of  Sextus 
Empiricus,  acknowledges  past  services,  and  begs 
for  a  continuance  of  them :  — 

"  Tu  nihilominus  reternum  me  tibi  devinxisti ;  cujns 
amorern,  fidem,  et  merita  nunquam  non  pnedicabo.  Li- 
bros  nondum  accepi  quos  mitti  a  te  tua  epistola  aiebat. 
.  .  .  Quicquid  men  causa  impenderis,  id  cui  refund!  velis 
fac  me  certiorem :  alioquin  carebo  hoc  fructu  amicitiae 
tuse :  tua  enim  opera  non  utar.  .  .  .  Ego  nunc  Arriani 
Dissertationes  publice  expono.  .  .  .  O  Philosophum !  O 
digmun  tuo  excellent!  ingenio  campum !  quare  si  me 
audig,  rape  mihi  hanc  palmam  dum  adhuc  in  medio  est 
posita.  Offero  tibi  quicquid  habuero,  quod  juvare  te 
possit.  Moliebar  ipse  aliquid :  sed  melius  hoc  onus  in 
tuos  valentissimos  humeros  incumbet.  .  .  .  Suetonium 
scis  mihi  esse  ad  manum :  in  eum  si  quid  babes,  quieso, 
adjuva.  Procopii  libellum,  quern  tain  blande  offers,  si 
semel  pellegero,  remittam  statim." 

The  Dousas,  Vulcanius,  Lectius,  and  Paulus 
Stephanus,  also  occur  as  friends  of  Thomson's. 
He  seems  to  have  been  a  favourite  with  the 
ladies  :  — 

"  Uxor,  soror  mea,  et  sororcula  tua  [who  is  this?]  te 
ferunt  oculis,  et  plurimum  salvere  jubent." 

No.  13.  p.  9.    Geneva.    Same  day.   To  Scaliger. 

"  Literis  nonnullorum  (imprimis  autem  Thomsouis 
mei)  intellexi,  probari  tibi  nostra  studia." 

"  Scripsit  nuper  ad  me  adolescens  eruditissimus,  et 
mihi  charissimus,  Richardus  Thomson,  se  isthic  telam 
nescio  quam  esse  orsum,"  etc. 

No.  16.  p.  11.  Geneva.  Aug.  21,  1594.  To 
Janus  Dousa  [Johan  van  der  Does]. 

"  Richardo  [Thomsoni,  marg.  note,"]  nostro,  quern  ego 
adolescentem  juxta  cum  oculis  rneis  amo,  quid  factum  sit, 
et  in  qua  ilium  quaerain  proseucha,  ex  te  scire  cupio:  nam 
post  ejus  Stada  profectionem  nihil  mihi  de  eo  comper- 
tum." 

No.  17.  p.  12,  Geneva.  Oct.  15,  1594.  To 
Scaliger. 

"  Scribo  etiam  ad  Thomsonem,  studiosissimum  mei  vi- 
rum,  ut  si  quid  poterit  me  hie  adjuvet:  eas  quoque  literas 
cures  velim." 

No.  29.  p.  19.  Geneva.  May  19,  1595.  To 
Scaliger. 

"  W[ottonus;  i.  e.  Sir  Hen.  Wotton,  for  whom  Casau- 
bon had  become  surety  —  to  his  cost]  satisfecit,  meque 
ea  molestia  liberavit,  in  quam,  ut  vere  scribis,  conjecerat 
me  a/ccupo?  mea  facilitas.  .  .  .  Persuasus  sum  tuis  nmxime 


156 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  MAR.  3.  'GO. 


literis  effectum  et  Busenvallii,  necnon  opera  Thomsonis 
nostri,  ut  hac  sollicitudine  liberarer." 

No.  42.  p.  26.  Geneva.  Oct.  8,  1595.  To 
Jacques  Bongars. 

Thomson  has  written  of  Notes  on  Polybius  by 
Lipsius.  "  Lipsius  ergo  Polybium  edidit  ?  per 
omnes  Musas  te  oro  et  obtestor,  inquire,  inves- 
tiga."  The  same  Thomson  sends  greeting,  and 
would  have  written,  had  he  known  Bongar's 
address. 

No.  79.  p.  45.  Geneva.  Aug.  26,  1596.  To 
Thomson.  Is  rejoiced  to  hear  that  he  proposes  to. 
travel  into  Italy  :  "  Post  tuum  a  nobis  discessum 
paucos  admodum  [libros]  e  raris  nactus  sum :  eos 
nempe  quos  vel  tuus  amor  mihi  dono  misit  vel 
gratia  Bongarsii."  Thomson's  two  last  parcels  of 
books  had  miscarried. 

No.  104.  p.  56.  Geneva.  Nov.  3,  1596.  To 
Sir  Henry  Savile.  And  No.  105.  p.  57.  Geneva. 
Nov.  5,  1596.  To  William  Cnmden. 

Thomson  had  been  with  Casaubon,  and  assured 
him  of  the  high  regard  in  which  he  was  held  by 
Savile  and  Camden.  He  therefore  makes  bold 
to  open  a  correspondence  with  them. 

No.  113.  p.  60.  Montpellier.  Jan.  1,  1597. 
To  Thomson. 

Has  already  announced  his  arrival  to  his  brother 
and  sister,  who  will  have  shown  the  letter  to 
Thomson.  Itequests  him  to  forward  u  JEschyleas 
schedas  nostras,"  after  making  use  of  them.  Is 
looking  out  anxiously  for  extracts  from  Servius, 
and  any  thing  else  which  Thomson  may  be  able  to 
spare.  Hopes  that  he  has  written  to  Scaliger. 

"  Nobilem  tuum,  vere  nobilem  Robertum  [Sir  Rob. 
Killegrew?]  ego,  uxor,  liberi  tecum  amantissime  salu- 
tamus.  Sororem  meam  bis  viduam  cupio  tibi  esse,  dum 
isthic  eris,  commendatam.  Vale,  vir  mihi  ex  animi  sen- 
tentia  dilecte  et  probate." 

N"o.  115.  p.  63.  Montpellier.  Feb.  17,  1597. 
To  Thomson. 

Aubrius  Wechelianus  demands  notes  on  the 
New  Testament.  Thanks  Thomson  for  writing 
to  Scaliger  in  his  behalf.  Has  heard  from  his 
sister  of  Thomson's  continued  kindness,  and  prays 
God  to  reward  him  for  his  tried  friendship. 

"  Uxor  et  liberi  te,  et  Robertum  nobilem  tuum  quam 
officipsissime  et  peramanter  salutant.  .  .  .  Vale,  meum 
delicium,  meus  amor." 

No.  122.  p.  66.  Montpellier.  March  19,  1597. 
To  Thomson. 

Is  impatient  to  hear  from  him,  and  to  receive  a 
Martial. 

"  Vale,  ex  animo  et  penitus  dilecte  Thomson.  Uxor  te, 
et  nobilem  tuum  *  salutat  quam  officiosissime." 

No.  130.  p.  71.  Montpellier,  March  29,  1597. 
To  Isaia  Colladon. 

Excuses  himself  for  not  writing  to  Thomson. 
"  Et  ipsi,  et  ejus  comiti  nobili  plurimam  a  me  salutem." 

*   Tuam  in  the  printed  text,  by  mistake  no  doubt. 


No.  157.  p.  84.  Montpellier.  Dec.  27,  1597. 
To  Scaliger. 

Thomson  has  sent  a  short  unpublished  treatise, 
the  Mechanica  of  Athenaeus,  requesting  that  it 
may  be  sent  on  to  Scaliger. 

"  Multum  me  doctissimo  Thomsoni  debere  fateor,  qui 
eo  munere  me  donaverit." 

With  a  subsequent  letter  (No.  170.  p.  90., 
Montpellier,  Jan.  8,  1598)  Casaubon  sends  the 
treasure,  which  he  had  greedily  perused. 

No.  213.  p.  109.  Paris.  Sept.  20,  1600.  To 
Thomson. 

Sends  a  copy  of  his  "  Animadversiones,"  and 
begs  for  corrections.  Hopes  to  see  Thomson  at 
Paris,  and  rejoices  to  hear  that  he  proposes  to 
write  notes  on  Cicero's  Letters  to  Atticus.  Has 
received  his  notes  on  Polybius  and  Suetonius ; 
had  already  some  years  before  discussed  a  ques- 
tion propounded  by  him. 

"  Uxor  et  liberi  plurimam  tibi  toto  pectore  salutem 
precantur." 

No.  218.  p.  112.  Paris.  Oct.  22,  1600.  To 
Scaliger. 

Thomson  had  thrown  him  into  a  transport  of 
delight  by  the  intelligence  that  the  elder  Scaliger's 
commentaries  on  the  De  Historia  Animaliurn  were 
in  course  of  publication. 

No.  264.  p.  136.  Paris.  Jan.  13,  1602.  To 
Thomson. 

Excuses  for  not  writing.  Baudius  is  in  Thom- 
son's neighbourhood.  Thanks  for  help  about  the 
Letters  to  Atticus.  Sends  an  answer  to  Thomson's 
question,  De  Navigationibus  Indicts.  Hopes  soon 
to  answer  Andrew  Downes's  Greek  letter. 

No.  266.  Paris.  Jan.  19,  1602.  To  the  young 
brothers  Labbe. 

Thomson  has  written  word  that  he  has  a  MS.  of 
Cicero's  Letters  to  Atticus  in  their  hands,  on  which 
he  desires  Casaubon's  opinion.  They  are  re- 
quested to  send  the  MS. 

No.  268.  p.  139.  Paris.  Feb.  4,  1602.  To 
Thomson. 

Works  in  hand.  Plagiarisms  and  abusiveness 
of  Marcilius.  Is  engaged  on  the  Scriptores  His- 
torice  Augustce,  and  wishes  to  learn  the  opinion  of 
Thomson  and  other  English  scholars  respecting 
the  book.  Sends  the  letter  through  Perottus, 
notwithstanding  a  report  that  he  has  left  England, 
being  doubtful  whether  Baudius  is  still  there. 
Recommends  Thomson  to  make  the  acquaintance 
of  the  new  ambassador,  that  they  may  correspond 
through  him. 

No.  273.  p.  141.  Paris.  March  20,  1602.  To 
the  Labbes. 

Has  received  the  MS.  of  the  Letters  to  Atticus, 
and  is  disappointed  on  a  cursory  glance  at  them. 

No.  283.  p.  148.  Paris.  May  31,  1602.  To 
Charles  Labbe. 

Encourages  him  to  publish  Zonaras'  Lexicon- 
Is  curious  to  know  what  reply  Thomson,  who  had 


2nd  S.  IX.  MAR.  3.  '60.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


157 


more  than  once  held  out  hopes  of  its  publication, 
will  make  to  Labbe's  request. 

No.  328.  p.  173.  Paris.  Jan.  22,  1603.  To 
Charles  Labbe. 

Sends  a  letter  of  Thomson's,  the  bearer  of 
which  also  brought  Photius's  Lexicon,  which  shall 
be  forwarded  by  the  first  opportunity. 

For  nearly  seven  years  no  letter  to  Thomson, 
nor  any  allusion  to  him,  can  be  found  in  the 
bulky  volume  of  the  Epistolce.  The  next  letter, 
however,  proves  that  the  correspondence  had  not 
been  interrupted,  at  least  not  to  such  an  extent  as 
the  great  gap  in  the  extant  series  might  lead  us 
at  first  sight  to  conclude. 

No.  652.  p.  339.  Paris.  Dec.  28,  1609.  To 
Thomson. 

Fears  that  Thomson  will  detect  faults  in  his 
version  of  Polybius  on  farther  acquaintance. 
Their  friend  Tomkys,  who  has  spent  some  months 
in  Paris,  will  testify  how  greatly  he  is  distracted 
by  religious  controversy.  He  is  aware  of  the 
danger  of  plain-speaking,  but  by  God's  help  will 
not  flinch.  His  principal  adversary  is  Cardinal 
Perottus  ;  with  whom,  from  his  position  in  the 
Royal  Library,  he  is  constantly  brought  into  con- 
tact, "  not  without  the  orders  of  Agamemnon." 

I  propose  to  go  through  the  remainder  of  Ca- 
saubon's  letters  and  his  Ephemerides  in  another 
communication.  J.  E.  B.  MAYOR. 

St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 


ANDERSON  PAPERS. 

The  following  is  a  copy  of  a  paper  found  among 
Rev.  John  Anderson's  MSS.,  being  «'  No.  VI."  of 

"  Anderson's  Papers."  The  handwriting,  not  Mr. 
Anderson's,  is  bold  and  lawyer-like,  and  the  paper 
was  very  possibly  concocted  between  the  reverend 
gentleman  and  some  legal  friend  at  Dumbarton, 
equally  zealous  for  the'royal  cause  and  staunch 
in  adherence  to  Argyll.  It  is  endorsed  in  Mr. 
Anderson's  handwriting  :  "  Advertisement  to  have 
been  put  in  ye  Western  Intelligence  about  ye  so- 
lemnities at  Dumbartan  (sz'c)  after  ye  victory  of 
Dumblaine,  1715,"  better  known  as  the  "  Shirra- 
mmr,"  the  finishing  blow  to  the  rebellion  of  '15  : 
as,  from  the  endorsement,  it  does  not  seem  ever 
to  have  been  published  as  intended  in  the  news- 
papers of  the  day,  as  well  as  from  the  interest  of 
the  account  itself,  and  in  honour  of  the  last  toast 
to  the  3  Ps— "Peace,  Plenty,  and  Presbytery" — 
you  may  perhaps  think  it  deserving  of  a  place  in 
the  columns  of  "  N.  &  Q."  In  this  hope,  I  tran- 
scribe it  at  length  :  — 

"  Dumbarton,  Nov.  14"',  1715.    This  day  at  noon  we 
ed  the  joy  full  news  of  the  victory  obtained  yester- 
•yund  Dmnblane  by  his  Majesties  forces  under  the 
Command  of  his  Grace  the  Duke  of  Argyle  over  the  Re- 
Is  under  the  Command  of  the  Earl'  of  Mar.     There- 
upon the  great  guns  of  the  Castle  were  discharged,  the 


Militia  of  the  Shire  was  drawn  out  in  the  afternoon,  and 
reviewed  by  their  Colonel!,  the  honourable  Mr.  John 
Campbell  of  Mamore,  uncle  to  his  grace  the  Duke  of 
Argyle.  In  the  Evening  there  were  Bonfires,  illumina- 
tions, and  ringing  of  belis.  The  Magistrates  of  the  town 
gave  a  handsome  treat  of  wine  at  their  Bonfire  at  the 
Cross  to  the  Lieutenant,  Deputs  Justices  of  the  peace, 
Officers  of  the  Militia,  and  the  other  Gentlemen  of  the 
Shire,  who  were  present;  at  which  His  Majesty's,  the 
Prince's,  Princess's,  Duke  of  Argyle's,  with  all  the  other 
loyall  healths,  were  drunk,  each  under  a  volley  of  small 
shot  [ARMS  I  presume!]  of  a  large  detachment  of  the 
Militia,  which  gave  a  close  fire  as  any  regular  forces 
could  possibly  have  done ;  all  which  healths  were  con- 
cluded with  one  to  Peace,  Plent}',  and  Presbytry.  Next 
morning,  at  nine  of  the  clock,  Mr  Anderson,  the  minis- 
ter of  the  Town,  assembled  the  Congregation  in  the 
Church,  where  before  a  very  frequent  [frequent,  p.  p.  i.e. 
well-attended]  meeting,  not  only  of  the  parish,  but  of  the 
above-mentioned  gentry,  he  offered  up  Solemn  praise  and 
thanksgiving  to  God  for  the  said  victory. 

"  The  keeping  of  this  solemnity  in  the  head  toun  of  the 
Shire  had  a  good  influence  on  the  Country  adjacent, 
particularly  about  the  water  of  Enrick*,  where  some 
Jacobits  had  essayed  to  put  people  into  a  Confusion  by 
spreading  false  reports  that  the  Duke  of  Argyle  himself 
was  dead  in  Battell,  and  his  whole  Army  cut  off  to  seven 
men;  and  tho'  the  Common  people  know  very  well  how 
little  faith  is  to  be  given  to  Jacobite  news,  qch  [which] 
in  so  many  hundred  instances  they  have  found  false,  yet 
these  repo'rts  put  them  into  some  Consternation,  because 
they  knew  that  the  Army  of  the  Rebells  was  well  nigh 
thrice  the  number  of  the  Duke's.  However,  the  Keeping 
this  Solemnity  in  the  toun,  where  they  knew  the  best  in- 
formation was,  undeceived  the  Country ;  so  much  the 
rather  that  in  the  midst  of  the  Jollity  at  the  Cross,  there 
providentially  came  two  Expresses,  one  upon  the  back  of 
another,  confirming  the  news  of  the  victory." 

On  the  same  piece  of  paper  which  bears  the 
foregoing,  a  large  sheet  of  lawyer's  post,  without 
date,  but  doubtless  of  the  same  year  and  day,  and 
unsigned,  is  the  following  legal  memorandum, 
which  brings  us  back  to  an  old  volunteer  period  of 
1715  in  Scotland,  to  be  read  by  the  new  light  of 
the  volunteerage  of  1860  —  pregnant  as  our  move- 
ment is  with  all  good  for  our  country,  and  instil- 
ling a  wholesome  awe  in  every  mind  hereabouts, 
and  respect  for  Britain  in  every  council  of  Europe. 

"  Rob.  Semple,  Heritor  for  Auchintullich,  in  y°  [the] 
paroch  [parish]  of  Lusses  [Luss,  Lochlomondside],  was 
alwayes  willing  to  offer  his  proport11  for  a  militiaman, 
according  to  the  valuatn  of  y1  [that]  fraction,  as  he  hath 
done  for  other  lands  wherein  he  was  concerned,  and  not 
being  received  by  Pluscarden,  who  furnishes  the  Stan- 
dard, Intreats  y*  [that]  his  Quota  may  be  received,  and 
his  land  not  poynded  for  '  de  Silencie.'  " 

We  wonder  if  Rob.  Semple  of  Auchintullich, 
the  unready,  saved  his  lands  from  legal  process  ; 
but  our  friend  of  1715  vanishes  into  space,  and 
makes  no  answer.  If  you  will  grant  me  space,  I 
will  conclude  "Anderson's  Papers"  with  a  letter 
from  J.  Martin  of  Inverary,  5th  Jan.  1716,  giving 

*  "  The  water  of  Enrick,"  is  the  river  Endrick,  which 
falls  into  Loch  Lomond,  at  the  lower  or  southern  end  of 
the  Loch,  on  Montrose's  side  of  Loch  Lomond,  hence 
Jacobite  ground. 


15S 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2*». S.  IX.  MAR.  3.  'CO. 


some  information  as  to  the  state  of  the  country  at 
that  period,  and  the  quenching  of  the  last  brands 
of  the  great  rebellion  of  1 715.         C.  D.  LAMONT. 
Paris. 


PEPYS'S  MANUSCRIPTS. 

The  underwritten  list  of  MSS.  were  at  one  time 
in  the  possession  of  Samuel  Pepys,  Secretary  to 
the  Admiralty.  By  his  will  the  library  left  at  his 
decease  was  bequeathed  to  the  University  of  Cam- 
bridge, to  be  placed  in  the  colleges  of  Trinity  or 
Magdalene,  with  a  preference  given  to  the  latter. 
I  would  inquire  if  the  collection  as  mentioned  in 
this  catalogue  be  preserved  there  intact,  or  were 
any  of  the  volumes  otherwise  disposed  of  previous 
to  the  testator's  death  ? 

"  Disquisitio  cle  Origine  Navigations.  Per  Cl.  Virum 
N.  Vincentium." 

"  A  Collection  of  ye  most  Antient  Laws  of  England  con- 
tained in  yc  Black 'Book  of  ye  Admiralty.  (Transcribed 
from  the  copy  thereof  in  Sr  Rob.  Cotton's  Library  in  old 
French,  fol.)" 

"  Balfour's  Practiques  and  Old  Sea  Law  of  Scotland,  in 
Scotch,  fol." 

"  Select  papers  on  this  subject.  Vide  under  the  Histo- 
ricall." 

•'  An  Extract  of  all  Masters  Naval  contained  in  the 
Parliament  Rolls  of  England,  fol/' 

"  A  like  Extract  of  ye  Naval  Matters  of  England  re- 
corded by  ye  chief  of  our  English  and  French  and  above 
50  of  our  Latin  Historiographers,  in  2  vol.,  fol." 

•'  Excerpta  (presertim  Navalia)  ex  Adversaries,  fol." 

"  The  Process  of  English  Policy  for  ye  Guarding  of  the 
Sea,  written  about  the  time  of  H.  VI.  in  English  vers, 
Pergam.,  formerly  published  (but  from  an  imperfect 
copy)  by  Hackluit." 

"  A  List  of  ye  Royal  Navy  of  England  as  it  stood  in  ye 
last  Year  of  K.  Hen.  ye  VIII.,  1546,  consisting  of  Ship's, 
Qaleases,  and  Row  Barges,  with  draughts  of  one  or  more 
of  each  Rate,  taken  from  ye  originall  Designes  presented 
to  that  King  by  Anthony  Anthony,  one  of  the  Officers  of 
his  Ordnance,  Pergam.  fol." 

"  An  historicall  Report  of  ye  principall  Occurrences  re- 
lating to  ye  Actions,  Conduct,  Expence,  and  Successes  of 
ye  Royal  Navy  of  England  in  Peace  and  Warr  at  Home 
and  Abroad,  with  its  Trade,  Discoveries  and  Plantacons, 
from  ye  Reign  of  K.  Hen.  VIII.  to  that  of  K.  James  I., 
fol." 

"  Originall  Accounts  of  ye  Annuall  Receipts  and  Ex- 
pences  of  y°  Navy  of  England  within  and  betweene  the 
Reigns  of  K.  Hen.  VIII.  and  Q.  Elizabeth,  in  11  vol.  fol." 

"  Clement  Adams's  Navigatio  Anglorum  ad  Muscovitas. 
The  originall  Book  dedicated  to  King  Phillip,  Anno  D. 
1553." 

"  A  Collection  of  Select  Tables,  Lists,  Instruccons,  and 
Allowances  relating  to  ye  Admy  and  Navy  of  England, 
written  by  James  Humphreyes,  one  of  the  officers  of  the 
Navy,  1568." 

"  A  Discourse  of  ye  Navy  of  England,  written  by  Jo. 
Montgomery,  A.D.  1570,  with  his  additionall  Observations 
thereon  after  y°  Spanish  Action  in  1588,  and  his  Project 
for  erecting  a  Land  Militia  to  K.  Phillip,  1557." 

"  The  originall  Libro  de  Cargos  of  Barnabe  de  Pedroso, 
Proveedor  of  }'e  Spanish  Armada,  1588,  shewing  the  per- 
ticular  proporcons  of  every  species  of  provision  and  muni- 
tion put  on  board  each  ship  and  vessell  in  that  Armada, 
fol." 


"  Sir  Fra8  Drake  his  originall  Pocket  Tables  and  Charts, 
Pergam." 

"Capt.  Edward  Fenton  (another  celebrated  sea  com- 
mander under  Q.  Eliz.),  his  Pocket-book  of  Naval  Calcu- 
lations, A.D.  1590." 

"  A  Collection  of  Fermes,  Accounts,  Surveys,  and 
Allowances  of  antient  use  in  the  Navy,  fol." 

"  An  Accurate  Survey  and  Discourse  of  Milford  Haven , 
being  yc  original  Book  presented  to  ye  Lord  Burleigh." 

"A  Report  from  a  Commission  of  Enquiry  held  in 
the  beginning  of  1C.  James  ye  1st  Reign  into  the  then 
Abuses  and  Commissions  in  the  Navv,  with  the  Remedies 
proposed  thereto,  fol." 

"The  results  of  two  other  Inquisitions  intoye  State  and 
Management  of  ye  Navy,  temp.  Jac.  L,  fol." 

"The  originall  of  a  Discourse  written  and  dedicated  to 
Prince  Charles  touching  ye  Decrease  of  Trade,  by  R. 
Kayill."  CL.  HOPPER. 

[Samuel  Pepys  died  on  May  26,  1703,  and  by  his  will 
gave  his  nephew,  John  Jackson,  Esq.,  of  Clapham,  the 
use  of  his  valuable  library  and  collection  of  prints  for  his 
life,  and  directed  that  they  should  afterwards  be  removed 
to  Magdalene  College,  Cambridge.  Mr.  Jackson  died  in 
March,  1722-3.  the  late  Lord  Braybrooke  (Pepys's 
Diary,  i.  p.  xxxvii.  ed.  1854),  says,  "It  seems  odd  that 
there  should  be  no  record  of  the  exact  time  at  which  the 
books  were  transferred  by  the  executors  of  Mr.  Jackson  to 
Magdalene  College."  The  removal  of  the  books  did  not 
take  place  till  the  year  1724,  as  we  learn  from  the  follow- 
ing announcement  in  Parker's  London  News,  No.  887., 
July  24,  1724:  — "The  library  of  Samuel  Pepys,  Esq., 
Secretary  of  the  Navy  in  the  reign  of  King  James  the 
Second,  and  placed  in  the  hands  of  Mr.  Jackson  of  Clap- 
ham,  deceased,  is  now  reposited  at  Magdalen  College  in 
Cambridge,  in  a  handsome  gallery,  fitted  there  to  receive 
it.  It  is  a  very  choice  and  numerous  collection,  consisting 
of  3000  volumes  in  most  sciences  and  languages,  contain- 
ing several  curious  books  and  papers  relating  to  navi- 
gation, Secretary  Pepys  desiring  in  his  Will,  that  his 
library  might  be  disposed  of  to  some  College  in  one  of 
our  universities,  that  it  might  be  serviceable  in  the  ad- 
vancement of  all  kinds,  but  rather  to  Magdalene  College 
than  any  other,  as  a  grateful  acknowledgment  of  his 
education  therein."  A  large  portion  of  original  Pepys 
manuscripts,  however,  were  ultimately  lost  to  Magdalene 
College,  never  having  passed  into  the  hands  of  Mr.  Jack- 
son ;  but  eventually  Dr.  Rawlinson  fortunately  obtained 
them,  and  they  were  included  in  the  bequest  of  his  books 
to  the  Bodleian  library.  They  are  comprised  in  about  fifty 
volumes,  and  relate  principally  to  naval  affairs.  A  list  of 
the  more  important' articles  will  be  found  in  "N.  &  Q." 
2»d  S.  v.  142.— ED.] 


OLD  SCOTCH  GENTRY. 

I  have  lately  read  Tytler's  Life  of  Sir  Thomas 
Craig,  the  eminent  Scotch  lawyer  of  James  VI.'s 
time,  including  Sketches  of  other  eminent  Scotch- 
men, his  contemporaries,  published  in  1823.  Also 
a  volume  published  in  London,  1714,  second  edi- 
tion, entitled  Memoirs  concerning  the  Affairs  of 
Scotland  from  Queen  Ann's  Accession  to  the  Com- 
mencement of  the  Union,  a  violent  Jacobite  pro- 
duction, by  a  Scotch  Member  of  Parliament,  but 
containing  very  graphic  descriptions  of  most  of 
the  leading  men  in  Scotland  at  that  time.  It  ap- 
pears from  an  introduction  to  have  been  pub- 
lished by  the  opposite  party  for  the  purpose  of 


S.  IX.  MAR.  3.  '60.]'. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


159 


exposing  the  designs  and  disloyalty  of  the  Jaco- 
bites, and  a  French  invasion  which  had  misgiven. 

Seeing  in  these  works  so  many  names  of  old 
Scotch  commoners'  families,  and  which  have  no 
place  of  fame  in  the  books  of  peerage  or  baron- 
etage, it  has  occurred  to  me  that,  by  means  of 
"  N.  &  Q-,"  short  notices  of  such  families  might 
be  put  on  record,  so  us  to  form  the  groundwork 
for  a  book  of  old  Scotch  gentry,  limiting  the 
notices  to  families  in  possession  of  their  estates 
prior  to  the  Union,  and  not  excluding  families 
which  have  since  fallen  out  of  sight,  provided 
they  had  previously  been  of  old  standing.  Many 
of  these  families,  though  not  ennobled  or  titled, 
were  patriotic,  and  actively  engaged  in  the  poli- 
tical and  religious  contests  of  their  country ;  and 
a  record  of  them  might  easily  be  preserved,  were 
their  representatives-  to  furnish  short  notices  of 
them  such  as  I  have  indicated,  including  their 
residences,  arms,  &c.  &c.  Many  of  them  during 
the  last  150  years  have  gone  out  of  sight;  some 
have  been  ennobled  or  made  baronets  by  succes- 
sion or  through  royal  favour,  such  as  Bailie  of 
Mellerston,  now  Earl  of  Haddington.  Still  many 
remain  with  their  old  distinctive  land  titles,  such 
as  Dundas  of  Dundas ;  Campbell  of  Monzie ; 
Crawford  of  Ardmillan  ;  Blair  of  Blair ;  Forbes 
of  Culloden,  and  a  host  of  other  such.  No  doubt 
vast  numbers  of  them  have  disappeared  by  the 
alienation  of  their  estates  since  the  Union. 

In  the  Scotch  Acts  published  by  Sir  Thomas 
Murray  of  Glendook,  Clerk  of  Register,  from  the 
commencement  of  the  reign  of  James  I.  of  Scot- 
land, 1424  to  1681,  there  will  be  found  a  List  of 
Commissioners  of  Supply  in  all  the  Scotch  coun- 
ties in  1667,  containing  the  names  of  many  of  the 
landed  gentlemen,  peers,  baronets,  and  com- 
moners at  that  time. 

Will  any  one  inform  me  in  what  work  I  will 
best  find  the  Scotch  Acts  of  Parliament  prior  to 
1424,  and  where  those  between  1681  and  the 
Union  ?  Scoxus. 


"  ULLORXA." 

This  strange  word  occurs  in  the  following  pas- 
<>f  Timon  of  Athens,  Act  III.  Sc.  4. :  — 

*' .        .        .        .        Go  bid  all  my  friends, 
Lucius,  Lucullus,  and  Sempronius,  Ullorxa,  all. 
I'll  once  more  feast  the  rascals." 

As  Steevens  sagaciously  observes,  neither  Rome 
nor  Athens  knew  the  word  ;  and  as  we  may  safely 
say  the  same  of  England,  the  chances  are  that  it  is 
the  coinage  of  the  printer.  Our  business,  then,  is 
to  try  to  find  out  the  current  coin  which  it  has 
superseded,  and  not,  like  the  2nd  Folio  and  Mr. 
Dyce,  Alexander-like,  cut  the  Gordian  knot,  by 
ejecting  it  from  the  text. 

I  think  I  have  lately  made  it  very  probable 
that  on  one  occasion  "  Th'  ambitious  "  had,  under 


the  printer's  manipulation,  become  "  Thank  Eng- 
land's ; "  and  surely  then,  in  the  hands  of  the 
same  operator,  "  all  o'  them,"  "  all  of 'em,"  or  "all 
on  'em" — might  have  been  converted  into  Ullorxa : 
even  the  ductus  literarum,  on  which  Mr.  Dyce  lays 
such  stress,  applying  to  one  half  of  the  word. 
Read  then : 

"  .        .        .        .        Go  bid  all  my  friends, 

Lucius,  Lucullus,  and  Sempronius,  all  of 'em,  all. — 

I'll  once  more  feast  the  rascals." 

Does  not  this  repetition  of  all  give  great  addi- 
tional strength  to  the  passage,  and  harmonise  well 
with  Timon's  mood  ? 

There  is  another  place  in  our  wjmderful  poet 
where  the  Gordian  knot  is,  at  least  by  Mr.  Collier, 
cut  in  a  similar  manner.  In  the  Induction  to 
The  Taming  of  the  Shrew,  Sly  says  : 

"  No,  not  a  denier.     Go  by  S.  Jeronimy," — 

where  some  say  S.  stands  for  saint,  and  others  for 
says ;  while,  as  I  said,  Mr.  Collier,  sticking  to  his 
famous  Folio,  manfully  exterminates  it. 

Now  I,  who  am  somewhat  serus  studiorum  in 
these  matters,  cannot  of  course  vie  with  the 
"  learned  Thebans  "  who  for  years  and  years  have 
devoted  their  days  and  nights  to  the  study  of 
Shakspeare  and  his  contemporaries ;  yet,  to  my 
simple  apprehension,  it  has  always  appeared  that 
S.  stood  quite  naturally  for  Signior;  more  espe- 
cially as  the  allusion  is  to  the  Spanish  Tragedy; 
and  that  Sly's  whole  speech  was  as  follows  :  — 

"  No,  not  a  denier.     Go  by  Signior  Jeronimy. 
Humph  I  go  to  thy  cold  bed,  and  warm  thee." 

The  "  humph"  I  have  added  from  King  Lear, 
where  the  line  is  given  in  full.  It  seems  wanted 
to  express  the  drunken  grunt  of  the  tinker,  and 
by  pronouncing  warm  as  a  drawling  dissyllable, 
we  have  a  complete  verse :  for,  as  I  may  show  on 
some  future  occasion,  the  whole  of  this  play,  like 
Hamlet,  All's  Well,  and  so  many  others,  is  in 
verse.  THOS.  KEIGHTLEY. 


DR.  SAMUEL  PARR.  —  David  Love,  in  an  un- 
published letter  to  George  Chalmers,  dated  Feb. 
26,  1788,  gives  the  following  account  of  Dr.  Parr's 
eccentricity :  — 

"  Your  anecdote  of  Dr.  Parr's  examination  and 
preaching  is  curious  and  laughable.  Some  years 
ago  he  was  a  curate  and  master  of  the  Free  School 
at  Colchester.  From  Colchester  he  went  to  Nor- 
wich, where  he  was  also  master  of  the  Free  School. 
He  has  now  a  living,  or  livings,  in  the  diocese  of 
Bath,  to  which  he  was  presented  by  one  of  his 
Norwich  pupils.  I  am  told  he  is  an  everlasting 
talker,  and  smokes  tobacco  morning,  noon,  and 
night.  Once  at  a  visitation  dinner  in  Colchester, 
he  had  the  impudence  to  call  for  his  pipe ;  but 
Dr.  Hamilton,  the  archdeacon,  told  him  there 


160 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


«d  g.  ix.  MAK.  3.  '60. 


were  other  rooms  in  the  house  where  he  might 
enjoy  himself  without  annoying  others.  Of  a 
piece  with  this  was  his  behaviour  among  some  of 
his  old  acquaintances  in  Colchester,  at  a  literary 
club,  with  whom  he  passed  an  evening,  as  he  went 
to  take  possession  of  his  living.  Knowing  the 
temper  of  the  man,  a  pipe  and  bottle  (contrary  to 
the  law  of  the  club)  were  placed  o,n  the  table,  and 
he  did  ample  justice  to  both  ;  for  he  smoked  and 
drank  the  whole  night,  and  talked  so  incessantly 
that  Dr.  Forster,  who  is  president,  and  in  common 
assumes  the  airs  of  a  dictator  at  the  club,  sat 
silent  like  one  who  had  lost  the  use  of  his  tongue." 

J.Y. 

THE  COIF.— 

"  Sir  H.  Spelman  in  son  libr.  174.  dit  que  Pinception  de 
wearing  del  Coyfes  per  le  Justices  fuit  quant  Friers  fue- 
ront  Justices,  a  coverer  lour  bald  pates. — Verb.  Coyfa,  2 
Edw.  III.  36.  (b),  4  Edw.  III.  31.,  29  Edw.  III.  12." 

This  passage  occurs  as  a  note  at  p.  301.  (b)  of 
Lord  Chief  Justice  Dyer's  report  of  the  Wager  of 
Battle  in  Paramour's  case  in  the  Court  of  Com- 
mon Pleas  in  Trin.  Term,  13  Eliz.,  over  which 
trial  Lord  Chief  Justice  Dyer  and  the  Judges 
Weston  and  Harper  (Mr.  Justice  Webbe  being 
absent  from  illness)  presided. 

This  passage  does  not  occur  in  the  edition  of 
1585,  but  is  one  of  the  notes  to  -the  edition  of 
1688,  which  in  the  preface  are  stated  to  have  been 
"  collected  by  the  care  and  industry  of  five  or  six 
of  the  most  eminent  and  learned  lawyers  that  this 
last  age  hath  bred."  P.  A.  CARRINGTON. 

Ogbourne  St.  George. 

BAPTISMAL    NAMES.  —  Looking   over   an    old 
parochial  register  in  the  Brit.  Museum  collections, 
I  made  a  note  of  some  rather  peculiar  Christian 
names :  — 
"  1587.  Obediencia  Cruttenden. 

1591.  Fearnot  (a  daur.)  Hepden. 

1605.  Goodgift  (a  daur.)  Noake;   Faint-not  Noakes; 
Thankful  (a  son)  Hepden. 

1607.  Godward  Fremans. 

1639.  Thunder  (a  son)   Gouldsmith,  son  of  Hy  and 
Margt  G ." 

I  have  marked  in  some  instances  wherein  the 
person  was  male  or  female,  as  it  would  be  impos- 
sible almost  to  have  divined  the  sex  from  the 
appellation.  This  list  might  have  been  very  much 
extended,  but  the  above  will  suffice  as  specimens. 
Unfortunately  my  memorandum  is  wanting  in  the 
name  of  the  parish  from  whence  I  made  the 
extracts.  ITHURIEL, 

THE  REV.  CHRISTOPHER  LOVE. —  Several  in- 
quiries have  been  made  in  your  valuable  work  re- 
specting the  family  of  the  Rev.  Christopher  Love, 
who  was  beheaded  about  the  middle  of  the  seven- 
teenth century.  I  have  before  me  a  copy  of  a 
work  entitled,  The  Conibate  between  the  Flesh  and 
Spirit,  &c.,  published  in  1654,  "being  the  Summe 
and  Substance  0/27  Sermons  preached,  &c.,"  "  by 


Mr.  Christopher  Love,  &c."  This  work  contains  a 
dedication  from  the  pen  of  William  Taylor,  part 
of  which  I  here  transcribe  :  — • 

"  To  the  Right  worshipful,  my  worthy  friends,  Mr. 
Edward  Bradshaw,  Major  of  the  City  of  Chester;  and 
Mrs.  Mary  Bradshaw,  his  wife. 

"  Right  Worshipful  and  Honoured  friends  "...  (aft 
some  preliminary  remarks,  the  following  appears)  .... 
"  But  indeed,  the  reason  of  this  dedication  (besides  t1 
publick  expression  of  my  respect  to  you  both)  is  t 
consideration  of  that  special  interest  you  both  have 
anything  of  Master  Loves.  Your  interest,  Sir,  is  u 
doubted  to  this  Treatise,  as  having  married  his  wido 
whereby  God  hath  made  the  solitary  to  dwell,  and  rest  in 
the  house  of  her  husband,  and  hath  caused  a  mournful 
widow  to  forget  her  sorrows.  And  your  right  (dear  Mis- 
tresse  Bradshaw)  is,  very  great  to  the  works  of  this 
worthy  man,  as  having  had  the  honor  for  several  yeeres 
to  be  the  wife  of  this  eminent  servant  and  Ambassadour 
of  Jesus  Christ."  .... 

Now,  although  from  the  dedication  referred  to, 
it  would  appear  that  Mr.  Love's  widow  married 
Mr.  E.  Bradshaw,  yet  it  does  not  clearly  appear 
whether  or  not  Mr.  Love  left  any  children.  The 
above,  however,  might  possibly  furnish  a  clue  to 
inquirers. 

.Can  any  of  your  readers  furnish  information  as 
to  who  the  said  Mr.  E.  Bradshaw,  Major,  &c., 
was  ?  And  of  what  family  of  Bradshaw  he  was 
connected  with  ?  B.  L. 

P.  S.  Query,  is  the  word  Major  above  to 
reckoned  synonymous  with  Mayor  ?  * 

THE  FIRST  REPORTERS.  — As  reporting  is  no 
a  scientific  profession,  the  following  No 
prove  of  interest  to  "  gentlemen  of  the  fou 
estate."  Few  of  the  learned  professions  can 
such  an  ancient  and  noble  origin.  In  O'Haloran's 
History  of  Ireland,  published  at  Limerick  in  1778, 
vol.  ii.  p.  61.,  is  the  following  curious  entry:  — 
Bille,  a  Milesian  king  of  a  portion  of  Spain,  had 
a  son  named  Goliamh,  who  "  solicited  his  father's 
permission  to  assist  their  Phrenician  ancestors, 
then  greatly  distressed  by  continental  wars,"  and 
having  gained  his  consent  the  passage  goes  on 
thus  :  — 

"  With  a  well-appointed  fleet  of  thirty  ships  and  a 
select  number  of  intrepid  warriors,  he  weighed  anchor 
from  the  harbour  of  Corunna  for  Syria.  It  appears  that 
Avar  was  not  the  sole  business  of  this  equipment ;  for  in 
this  fleet  were  embarked  twelve  youths  of  uncommon 
learning  and  abilities,  who  were  directed  to  make  re- 
marks on  whatever  they  found  new,  either  in  astronomy, 
navigation,  arts,  sciences,  and  manufactures.  They  were 
to  communicate  their  remarks  and  discoveries  to  each 
other,  and  keep  an  exact  account  of  whatever  was  worthy 
of  notice.  This  took  place  in  the  year  of  the  world  2650." 
(O'Haloran  quotes  the  Annals  for  this.) 

It  is  quite  clear  that  those  "twelve  noble  youths" 
were  reporters,  and  it  is  curious  enough  that  when 
a  few  of  the  London  or  provincial  reporters  at- 
tend in  the  country,  at  meetings  or  on  other  busi- 


nd 

I 


[*  Mayor  was  anciently  spelt  Maior,  or  Major. — ED.  3 


S.  IX.  MAU.  3.  '150.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


161 


ness,  lliey  do  what  those  "noble  youths"  were 
commanded  to  do,  namely,  "  communicate  their 
remarks  "  and  information  to  each  other.  Report- 
ing, therefore,  according  to  the  above,  must  be 
over  3200  years  old  as  a  profession.  What  will 
our  friends  in  the  "  gallery  of  the  House  "  say  to 
this  ?  I  know  a  few  of  the  latter,  and  would  back 
them  as  "short-hand  writers"  against  the  dozen 
of  noble  youths  who  sailed  with  Gollainh  from 
Corunna !  The  passage  is  worth  a  Note,  at  all 
events.  The  siunc  subject  is  alluded  to  again  at 
p.  oo.  S.  REDMOND. 

Liverpool. 

N.B.  Our  expeditions  to  the  Crimea,  India,  and 
China  were  accompanied  by  reporters,  like  the 
above. 

DOCK  AND  CUSTOM-HOUSE  BUSINESS.  —  Among 
the  many  useful  "  Handy  Books  "  on  various  sub- 
jects which  are  daily  issuing  from  the  press,  do 
any  of  them  treat  on  the  above  intricate  duties  ? 
The  first  question  generally  put  by  a  merchant  to  a 
clerk  seeking  an  engagement  is,  "  Do  you  under- 
stand dock  and  custom-house  business  ? "  which 
not  one  clerk  in  a  hundred  does.  If  a  little  work 
on  the  above  subject  was  written  in  a  clear  and 
intelligible  manner  it  could  not  fail  to  be  remu- 
nerative to  the  author,  and  at  the  same  time  it 
would  prove  the  "  open  sesame  "  to  many  a  young 
man  to  a  good  situation.  GRESHAM. 


GEORGE  FOX'S  WILL. 

Having  had  occasion  to  read  the  several  Essays 
recently  published  relative  to  the  "Decay  of 
Quakerism  "  in  this  country,  I  was  also  led  to  re- 
peruse  Mrs.  Green's  Domestic  Narrative,  printed 
in  1852,  as  "  illustrating  the  peculiar  doctrines 
held  by  the  disciples  of  George  Fox."  This  is  in 
more  senses  than  one  a  remarkable  book  ;  but  iny 
present  object  is  neither  to  discuss  its  character 
nor  to  remark  on  the  sentiments  of  those  leading 
authorities  of  the  "  Society  of  Friends  "  which  are 
adduced  in  the  work,  whether  as  part  of  the  Nar- 
rative, or  as  documentary  appendices.  I  confine 
myself  to  what  appears  to  me  a  curious  and  puz- 
zling literary  question  :  in  pp.  171-5.,  vol.  ii.,  we 
have  what  purports  to  be  a  copy  of  "  George 
Fox's  last  will  and  testament,  written  with  his  own 
hand,  and  now  to  be  seen  at  the  Prerogative 
Office." 

Now  the  form,  the  matter,  and  especially  the 
'^raphy,   of  this  document    are   so   extraor- 
dinary that  I  cannot  but  suspect  some  mistake ; 
nnd  would  fain  hope  that  some  truth-loving  me- 
.  >Iitan   reader   of  "N.  &  Q."   will  take   the 
.'•li.'  t-»  rail  at  the  office  named,  see  the  instru- 
ment  in    question,   and  frankly  report  upon    it- 
There   may  be,  and  most   likely   is,   some  such 


paper  as  the  one  alluded  to ;  but,  in  the  first 
place,  is  it  properly  speaking  a  "  will  ?  "  And,  in 
the  next  place,  is  it  really  in  the  handwriting  of 
the  founder  of  Quakerism,  from  the  whole  of 
whose  works,  published  in  his  lifetime,  it  so  es- 
sentially differs  ?  It  has  indeed  been  stated  on 
good  authority  that  the  latter,  on  passing  into 
print,  underwent  revision  by  competent  literate 
"  Friends."  Be  it  so.  It  seems  difficult  to  ima- 
gine that  even  the  merest  substratum  of  the 
plain,  vigorous,  and  varied  matter  of  "  the  Jour- 
nal "  and  other  books  bearing  the  name  of  Fox, 
could  ever  have  existed  in  the  crude  and  clumsy 
style  of  this  so-called  "  will."  Apart  from  this 
startling  discrepancy,  there  are  some  prima  facie 
features  suggestive  of  doubt.  "  The  original  is  in 
black-letter,"  says  Mrs.  Green.  What  does  this 
mean  ? — that  such  was  George  Fox's  ordinary  au- 
tograph ?  or  that  he  used  some  peculiar  charac- 
ter of  writing  on  this  occasion  ?  Either  alternative 
seems  very  unlikely.  Again,  she  says,  "the  will 
was  proved  by  George  Whitehead."  This  may 
have  been  so ;  but  no  such  name — nor  indeed  any 
executorial  appointment  —  appears  in  the  printed 
document.  But,  supposing  this  mass  of  misshapen 
sentences,  in  its  vile  spelling,  to  exist  in  any 
writing,  and  the  appended  initials  to  be  really 
those  of  the  stout-hearted  man  "  in  the  leather 
breeches,"  —  the  Cromwell  of  the  Puritans  !  —  is 
it  not  more  likely  to  have  been  written  by  some 
illiterate  servant,  at  the  interrupted  dictation  of 
his  master,  when  the  latter  was  in  extreme  feeble- 
ness of  mind  and  body  ?  And  is  not  this  notion 
countenanced  by  the  closing  indorsement,  "  For 
G.  F.  to  be  layed  in  the  truncke  at  W.  M.  the 
8  mo.  1688  ?  "  On  several  accounts  I  think  this 
"  will."  is  a  "  curiosity  "  of  literature  of  sufficient 
interest  to  justify  examination  and  verification  by 
some  candid  and  competent  individual,  whose  re- 
port may  perhaps  be  allowed  a  place  in  "  N.  &  Q." 

D. 


JESUIT  EPIGRAM  ON  CHURCH  or  ENGLAND 
TEMP.  CAR.  I.  —  On  p.  30.  of  Plainspokeri }s  Letters 
to  Dr.  Dodge  (justly  commended  in  the  Notes  on 
Books,  p.  134.),  allusion  is  made  to  the  "sneering 
epigram  of  the  Jesuits,  asking  what  was  to  be- 
come of  a  Church  whose  head  was  cut  off?"  and 
which  was  handed  about  at  the  time  of  the  Great 
Rebellion.  Where  can  I  find  this  epigram  ? 

ACHE. 

FITZWILLIAM  FAMILY,  OF  MERBION. —  Being 
engaged  at  present  in  collecting  materials  respect- 
ing the  noble  family  of  Fitzwilliam,  of  Merrion,  in 
the  county  of  Dublin  (now  represented  by  the 
Right  Hon.  Sidney  Herbert,  M.P.)  I  shall  feel 
very  much  obliged  to  any  correspondent  of  "  N. 
&  Q."  for  references  to  sources  of  information. 
Of  course  I  am  aware  of  what  is  given  in  Arch- 


162 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


£2"*  S.  IX.  MAR.  3.  »60. 


dall's  Lodge's  Peerage  of  Ireland,  vol.  iv. ;  Play- 
fair's  British  Family  Antiquity ',  vol.  v. ;  Burke's 
Extinct  and  Dormant  Peerage  (1846),  and  other 
similar  publications  ;  but,  as  was  lately  remarked, 
"  more  might  well  be  in  print  respecting  the  Fitz- 
williams  of  Merrion."  ABHBA. 

FISHER  FAMILY.  — Where  can  I  find  the  pedi- 
gree of  Thomas  Fisher,  of  Acton,  Middlesex,  Esq., 
who  married  in  1755  Margaret,  sister  of  Lord 
Pigot,  and  whose  second  daughter  married,  in 
1787,  Francis,  late  Earl  of  Kilmorey.  PRONESSOS. 

IRISH  KINGS  KNIGHTED.  — 

"When  Richard  the  2nd,  in  1395,  made  a  royal  tour 
to  Ireland,  he  was  met  in  Dublin  by  the  four  provincial 
Kings,  whom  he  intended  Knighting;  but  they  declined 
this  compliment,  each  having  received  that  honour  from 
his  father  at  7  years  old."  —  Selden's  Titles  of  Honour. 

Who  were  the  four  Kings,  and  where  did  they 
reside  ?  Were  there  acknowledged  Kings  of  Ire- 
land after  the  conquest  by  Henry  II.  ? 

S.  REDMOND. 

Liverpool. 

GEO.  MIDDLETON'S  MS. — There  is  a  translation 
in  Latin  Iambics  of  the  Cassandra  [Alexandra]  of 
Lycophron,  by  George  Middleton  (Brit.  Museum 
Addit.  MS.  840.).  What  is  the  date  of  this  trans- 
lation, and  who  was  the  author  ?  *  Z. 

PEERS  SERVING  AS  MAYORS.  —  In  Baines's  His- 
tory  of  Liverpool,   the   following   noblemen    are 
stated  to  have  served  the  office  of  mayor  of  Liver- 
pool in  the  period  from  1356  to  1843,  viz.  :  — 
"  1585.  Frederick  Lord  Strange. 
1603.  William,  Earl  of  Derb}'. 
1G25.  Lord  Strange. 

1666.  Charles,  Earl  of  Derby. 

1667.  Thomas  Viscount  Colchester. 

1668.  William,  Lord  Strange. 
1677.  William,  Earl  of  Derby. 
1707.  James,  Earl  of  Derby. 
1734.  James,  Earl  of  Derby." 

I  should  like  to  know  whether  any  other  in- 
stances exist  in  which  peers  have  been  elected  to 
hold  the  office  of  mayor  of  a  borough  or  city  ? 
and  if  not,  why  the  custom  was  confined  to 
Liverpool  ?  ALGERNON  BRENT. 

BURROWS  FAMILY.  —  Wanted  information  re- 
specting the  family  of  Burrows  or  Burrowes,  who 
were  staunch  followers  of  Charles  II.,  and  about 
him  at  the  time  he  was  concealed  in  the  oak: 
hence  the  tree  upon  their  arms.  S.  M.  S. 

GEORGE  ADAMS,  M.A.,  was  author  of,  1st,  Ser- 
mons, &c.,  8vo.,  1752;  2nd,  Systems  of  Divinity, 
Ecclesiastical  History,  and  Morality,  &c.,  Svo., 
1768.  Was  he  of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge? 

Z. 

[*  This  MS.  seems  to  be  about  the  time  of  Charles  I., 
1635.  The  translation  is  dedicated  to  the  Bishop  of  Win- 
chester.— ED.] 


FLETCHER  FAMILY.  —  Is  it  the  case,  as  com- 
monly reported,  that  the  ancestor  of  the  Fletcher 
family  came  over  with  William  the  Conqueror,  and 
was  an  archer  in  his  band  ?  hence  the  arrow  in  their 
arms.  Where  can  information  on  the  various 
wide-spread  and  numerous  families  of  this  name 
be  obtained  ?  S.  M.  S. 

MAJOR  ROGERS.  — Wanted  particulars  regard- 
ing Major  R.  Rogers,  author  of  "  Journals,  con- 
taining an  account  of  the  several  excursions  he 
made,  under  the  Generals  who  commanded,  on 
the  Continent  of  America,  during  the  late  War," 
1755 — 1765,  8vo.,  London:  A  Concise  Account  of 
North  America,  &c.,  1765,  Svo.  The  author,  'l 
think,  was  a  native  of  Ireland.  Z. 

FIELD  FAMILY.  —  Wanted  information  respect- 
ing the  Fields,  of  whom  I  have  heard  that  their 
names  are  mentioned  in  early  history,  and  am 
informed  that  the  date  of  the  original  grant  of 
arms  is  so  early  that  the  document  or  record  must 
have  been  destroyed  in  the  fire  of  London,  when 
the  Heraldic  Office  and  its  contents,  with  few  ex- 
ceptions, were  destroyed.  S.  M.  S. 

FYE  BRIDGE,  NORWICH.  ; — Blomefield  says,  at 
p.  822.  of  his  History  of  Norwich,  ed.  1745  :  — 

"Fybridge  Bridge,  or  Fyve  Bridge  as  it  is  antiently 
called,  took  its  name  on  account  of  its  being  the  fifth 
principal  bridge  over  the  river  at  that  time." 

May  I  inquire  if  any  ancient  instance  of  its 
being  written  Fyvcbridge  be  known  ?  The  testa- 
ment of  Richard*  Wellys  "leprosus,"  dated  12 
Nov.  1466,  and  proved  14  Jan.  in  the  same  year, 
after  the  usual  pious  bequest  of  his  soul,  reads  as 
follows :  — 

"  Corpus  q3  mea  sepeliend'  in  Cimit'io  Orm  Stor  de 
ffitzbriggate  in  Civitate  Norwiei." 

v  This  is  the  only  instance  of  Fitzlriggatc  that  I 
have  met  with.  I  have  been  at  some  trouble  in 
searching  for  examples,  but  have  been  far  from 
successful.  In  all  the  documents  to  which  I  have 
had  an  opportunity  of  referring  (and  of  which  the 
first  Institution  Book  of  the  Diocese,  commencing 
in  1290,  is  the  earliest)  it  is  written  "Fybriggor," 
J*  Fibrig."  *  I  am  inclined  to  think  that  Fybridge 
is  a  corruption  of  Fitzbridge,  and  should  be  glad 


of  anythin 
theory. 


tending  to  confirm  or  explode  that 

EXTRANEUS. 


HUTTNER'S  AUTOGRAPHS.-— In  "N.  &  Q.,"  Dec. 
2,  1854,  was  advertised  "A  Catalogue  of  a  splendid 
Collection  of  Autographs  belonging  to  the  late  Mr. 
Hiittner  of  Leipsic,  &c.  may  be  had  of  Mr.  Nutt," 
&c.  I  wrote  for  and  procured  the  above,  which 
was  a  very  interesting,  biographical  dictionary 
upon  a  very  small  scale,  but  unfortunately  only 
extended  to  one-half  of  the  alphabet,  and  I  cannot 


*  Consis.  Regr  Jekkys,  fo.  78.,  Norwich  Court  of  Pro- 
bate. 


5.  IX,  MAH,  3.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


163 


learn  when  or  where  the  remainder  of  the  collec- 
tion was  sold,  or  indeed  whether  it  ever  was  sold 
at  all.  If  it  has  been  sold,  I  should  be  glad  to 
know  whether  the  Catalogue  is  to  be  procured  any- 
where, and  at  what  price  ?  N.  J.  A. 

JOHN  FARRINGTON.  —  I  have  in  my  possession 
a  quarto  MS.  entitled  "  Critical  and  Moral  Dis- 
sertations on  divers  Passages  of  Scripture,  col- 
lected and  translated  from  Forreign  Journals. 
By.  John  Farrington  of  Clapliam,  a^ed  76,  1756. 
Vol.  i."  I  wish  to  know  who  was  this  John  Far- 
rington * ;  and  also  if  any  collector  happens  to  have 
among  his  M8S.  the  other  volume  or  volumes  of 
this  work.  ITHURIEL. 

PIG-TAILS  AND  POWDER.  —  When  were  pig- 
tails abolished  in  the  army  and  navy  ?  Was  there 
any  "  official  "  in  The  Gazette  announcing  the 
same?  When  was  hair-powder  discontinued  in 
the  army  ?  If  any  of  your  old  readers  will  jog 
their  memories  and  answer  these  questions  they 
will  much  oblige  CENTURION. 

THE  LADY'S  AND  GENTLEMAN'S  SKULLS. — In  an 
old  manuscript  book,  eighty  years  old,  containing 
scraps  of  poetry,  unfortunately  without  references, 
I  find  two  pieces  of  twenty- six  lines  each,  one 
headed 

"  The  Lady's  Skull. 

"  Blush  not,  ye  fair,  to  own  me  —  but  be  Avise, 
Nor  turn  from  sad  Mortality  your  eyes,"  &c. 

The  other 

"  The  Gentleman's  Skull. 

"  Why. start?  the  case  is  jrours,  or  will  be  soon  ; 
Some  years  perhaps — perhaps  another  moon,"  &c. 

I  should  be  exceedingly  glad  to  know  the  name 
of  the  author,  or  the  source  from  which  they  were 
taken.  Perhaps  a  magazine  of  the  period. 

J.  H.  W. 

BISHOP  GIBSON'S  WIFE.  —  Can  any  of  your 
readers  inform  me  what  was  the  maiden  name  of 
the  wife  of  Edmund  Gibson,  Bishop  of  London  ? 
Her  sister,  I  believe,  was  a  Mrs.  Bettesvvorth,  wife 
of  the  Dean  of  Arches,  which  may  afford  an  addi- 
tional clue.  AULIOS. 

TRINITY  CORPORATION. — Wanted  some  account 
of  this  institution  at  Deptford,  either  through 
"  N.  &  Q-,"  or  direct  to  A.  J.  DUNKIN. 

Dart  ford,  Kent. 

BRIGHTON  PAVILION.  — I  have  a  series  of  care- 
fully-executed outline  etchings  of  interior  views 
of  apartments  in  the  Brighton  Pavilion,  as  they 
existed  in  the  time  of  George  IV.  Size  of  the 
prints  twelve  inches  by  nine.  What  work  did 
these  illustrate  ?  and  were  the  plates  left  in  this 
outline  state  or  subsequently  tinted  ?  W.  W. 

[*  John  Farrington,  merchant,  died  at  dapham,  on 
16th  May,  1760,  aged  eighty.— ED.] 


font!) 

GRUB  STREET.  —  When  did  Grub  Street  first 
acquire  its  literary  notoriety  ?  I  find  it  alluded 
to  in  1672.  B.  H.  C. 

[The  earlier  denizens  of  this  renowned  literary  locality 
appear  to  have  been  more  usefully  employed  than  some  of 
their  degenerate  successors.  Here,  before  the  discovery 
of  printing,  lived  those  ingenious  persons,  called  text- 
writers,  who  wrote  all  sorts  of  books  then  in  use,  namely, 
A.  B.  C.  with  the  Paternoster,  Ave,  Crede,  Grace,  &c., 
and  retailed  by  stationers  at  the  corners  of  streets.  It 
was  in  Grub  Street  that  John  Foxe  the  martyrologist 
wrote  his  Acts  and  Monuments.  Here  too  resided  honest 
John  Speed,  tailor  and  historian,  the  father  of  twelve 
sons  and  six  daughters ;  and  here  too  lived  that  biblio- 
graphical worthy  Master  Richard  Smith,  whose  amusing 
Obituary  was  edited  by  Sir  Henry  Ellis  for  the  Camden 
Society — "a  person,"  says  Antony  Wood,  "infinitely 
curious  in,  and  inquisitive  after  books."  From  this  re- 
nowned and  philosophic  spot,  celebrated  as  the  Lyceum  or 
the  Academic  Grove,  issued  many  of  the  earliest  of  our 
English  lyrics,  and  most  of  our  miniature  histories,  the 
tendency  of  which  was  to  elevate  and  surprise  the  people. 
This  favoured  avenue  gave  birth  to  those  flying-sheets 
and  volatile  pages  dispersed  by  such  characters  as  Shak- 
speare's  Autolycus,  who  does  not  more  truly  represent  an 
individual,  than  a  species  common  in  ancient  times.  Of 
course  we  of  the  present  day  complacently  congratulate 
ourselves  on  the  march  of  intellect;  but  let  us  not,  at 
the  same  time,  despise  those  early  Grubean  sages,  who 
first  published  for  the  edification  of  their  brethren 
those  ingenious  and  youth-inspiring  works,  Jack  the 
Giant  Killer,  Reynard  the  Fox,  the  Wise  Men  of  Gotham, 
Tom  Hicathrift,  and  a  hundred  others.  It  is  true  that 
Swift,  in  later  times,  favoured  us  with  some  homely 
"  Advice  to  the  Grub  Street  Verse  Writers ; "  but  it  has 
been  significantly  hinted  that  the  witty  Dean  is  under 
more  obligation  to  these  renowned  worthies  than  the 
world  is  probably  aware  of;  for  had  it  not  been  for  the 
Giant  Killer  and  Tom  Thumb,  it  is  believed  we  should 
never  have  heard  either  of  the  Brobdignagians  or  Lillipu- 
tians. 

During  the  Commonwealth  era  a  larger  number  than 
usual  of  seditious  and  libellous  pamphlets  and  papers, 
tending  to  exasperate  the  people,  and  increase  the  con- 
fusion in  which  the  nation  was  involved,  were  surrep- 
titiously printed.  The  authors  of  them  were,  for  the  most 
part,  men  whose  indigent  circumstances  compelled  them 
to  live  in  the  most  obscure  parts  of  the  town.  Grub 
Street,  then  abounding  with  mean  and  old  houses  let  out 
in  lodgings,  afforded  a  fitting  retreat  for  persons  of  this 
description.  In  ridicule  of  the  host  of  bad  writers  which 
subsequently  infested  this  republic  of  letters,  the  term 
was  first  used  by  Andrew  Marvell  in  his  witty  and  sar- 
castic work,  The  Rehearsal  Transprosed,  1672  : 

"  He,  honest  man,  was  deep  gone  in  Grub  Street  and 
polemical  divinity." 

*'  Oh,  these  are  your  Nonconformist  tricks ;  oh,  you 
have  learnt  this  of  the  Puritans  in  Grub  Street." 

Swift,  as  is  well  known,  was  delighted  with  this  local 
appellation,  e.  g.  ''  I  have  this  morning  sent  out  another 
pure  Grub."  — "  Grub  Street  has  but  ten  days  to  run, 
then  an  Act  of  Parliament  takes  place  that  ruins  it,  by 
taxing  every  sheet  a  halfpenny."  —  "Do  you  know  that 
Grub  Street  is  dead  and  gone,  last  week?  No  more 

§  hosts  or  murders  now  for  love  or  money."  —  Journal,  to 
tella,  July  9,  1712,  et  passim. 

About  1830,  the  name  of  Grub  Street  was  changed  into 
that  of  Milton  Street,  not  after  the  great  poet  (says 
Elmes),  as  some  have  asserted,  but  from  a  respectable 


164 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


"d  S.  IX.  MAK.  3.  '60. 


builder  so  called,  who  purchased  the  whole  street  on  a 
repairing  lease.] 

SAINT  UNCUMBER. — At  p.  116.,  vol.  v.  of  Nor- 
folk Archaeology  is  printed  an  inventory  of  the 
plate,  bells,  goods,  vestments,  and  ornaments  re- 
maining in  the  church  of  S.  Peter  de  Parmenter- 
irate,  Norwich,  on  Feb.  15th,  in  the  2nd  year  of 
Edw.  VI.  Towards  the  end  are  these  two  items  : 

•"  Item.  Two  of  tnaide  Uncumbres  best  cotes,  and 

an  orfreys  of  green  damaske  -  -  xvjd 

"  Item.  A  cote  of  Maide  Uncumber  of  redde  silk, 
and  an  olde  clothe  of  oure  Lady  -  -  xivd." 

In  the  testament  and  last  will  of  John  Hyrn- 
ynge*,  dated  and  proved  in  1504,  among  bequests 
to  certain  lights  in  the  church  of  S.  Giles,  Nor- 
wich, is  the  following  :  — 
"  Item.  To  seynt  vnckumber  light      -  -        xijd." 

Who  was  Saint  Uncumber,  V.  ?      EXTRANEUS. 

[Concerning  St.  Uncumber,  whose  votaries  propi- 
tiated her  by  an  offering  of  oats,  and  who  helped  married 
women  to  get  rid  of  troublesome  husbands,  some  infor- 
mation will  be  found  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  I8t  S.  ii.  381.  and  iii. 
404.  Uncumber,  as  it  will  be  seen  presently,  does  not 
appear  to  have  been  originally  a  proper  name,  but  an  old 
form  of  our  more  modern  verb  disencumber,  so  as  to  inti- 
mate the  good  offices  of  the  Saint  in  disencumbering 
wives  of  their  husbands. 

The  question  which  now  remains  to  be  decided,  is  whe- 
ther St.  Uncumber  was  the  French  saint  Rhadegund, 
or  the  Portuguese  (Gothic?)  Wylgeforte.  Both  have  a 
claim,  on  the  ground  of  their  private  history.  For  Rha- 
degund abandoned  her  royal  husband  to  live  in  a  clois- 
ter; and  Wylgeforte  escaped  a  highly  uncanonical  suitor 
who  on  account  of  her  beauty  insisted  on  making  her  his 
wife,  by  the  sudden  growth  of  a  large  and  very  ugly  beard, 
which  in  a  single  night  attained  maturity  on'her  chin,  and 
of  course  put  an  end  to  the  courtship. 

"  Namque  viro  ut  proprior  facta  est  barbata  Virago, 
Ccepit  ab  impuro  tutior  esse  viro." 

Sautel.  Annus  Sacer  Poeticus,  xx.  Jul. 

(Were  it  not,  however,  for  the  subsequent  changes  of 
race  in  the  Spanish  Peninsula,  one  would  almost  wonder 
how  a  woman's  having  a  beard  should  have  hindered  her 
having  a  husband.) 

The  oaten  offerings  made  to  St.  Uncumber  seem  rather 
to  connect  her  with  St.  Rhadegund.  For  once,  when  St. 
Rhadegund  was  closely  pursued,  she  escaped  by  aid  of  a 
crop  of  oats,  which  very  opportunely  sprang  up  and  con- 
cealed her.  Besides  this,  it  is  recorded  that,  as  part  of 
her  monastic  mortifications,  she  ate  bar  ley -bread,  some 
say  rye  (sigalatium,  Act.  Sanct.  13  Aug.  p.  72.,  marg.). 
Hence,  also,  it  may  have  been  presumed  that  she  would 
not  view  with  disfavour  an  offering  of  oats. 

But  the  name,  on  the  other  hand,  St.  Uncumber,  points 
rather  to  St.  Wylgeforte  or  Wilgefortis.  This  V.  and 
M.  (but  not  properly  S.,  for  it  does  not  appear  that  she 
was  ever  canonised)  bore  also,  in  the  Netherlands,  the 
name  of  Ontkommera  ("  bey  denen  Niederlanden  Ontkom- 
mera  genannt,"  Zedler),  which  is  only  Uncumber  in  a 
different  form.  Kommer,  trouble,  literally  cumber.  Ont- 
kommer,  uncumber  or  disencumber.  "Ontkommeren  .  .  . 
Van  kommer,  dat  is  angst  en  hartzeer,  bevrijden."  Wei- 
land's  Nederduitsch  Woordenboek.  (See  also  many  ad- 
ditional particulars  respecting  this  much-controverted 


*  Cunsis.  Regr.  Rix,  fol.  77.  Norwich  Court  of  Probate. 


V.  and  M.,  and  respecting  her  name,  in  Act.  Sanct.  20 
July,  pp.  49-70.) 

St.  Wylgeforte  also  bore  in  Latin  the  name  of  Liberata, 
between  which  and  Ontkommera  or  Uncumber  there 
seems  to  be  a  mutual  reference.  Uncumber,  she  who  un- 
cumbercd  afflicted  wives  by  disencumbering  them  of  their 
husbands.  Liberata,  she  who  herself  escaped  a  husband 
by  the  sudden  phenomenon  on  her  chin. 

Perhaps  those  oats,  which  sprang  up  and  concealed  St. 
Rhadegund,  were  bearded  oats.  In  that  case  St.  Rhade- 
gund's  oats  and  St.  Wylgeforte's  beard  may  have  been 
different  versions  of  the  same  tradition :  quite  an  eutha- 
nasia, we  think,  of  the  discussion  about  St.  Uncumber.] 

TER-SANCTUS. —  Can  any  of  your  correspon- 
denj;s  tell  me  why  the  use  of  the  Ter-sanctus  was 
the  cause  of  a  civil  war  A.D.  508,  and  in  what 
country  did  that  war  take  place  ? 

ALEX.  BURNETT. 

[The  disturbances  referred  to  by  our  correspondent 
were  probably  those  which  occurred  at  Constantinople, 
but  they  appear  to  have  come  to  a  head  A.D.  511,  not 
508,  though  the  storm  was  already  brewing  at  a  much 
earlier  date.  Peter  the  Fuller  (Pietro  Fullone)  had  pre- 
sumed to  annex  to  the  "  Thrice  Holy "  a  clause  which 
was  supposed  to  derogate  from  its  orthodoxy  (about 
A.D.  463.  Cf.  Moroni,  on  "Trisagio").  Hence  the  tumult 
at  Constantinople,  A.D.  511.  ("  Tumultuatum  Constan- 
tinop.  ob  additionem  Trisagio  factum."  See  Pagius  on 
BaroniusS)  "  The  Monophysite  monks  in  the  church  of 
the  Archangel  within  the  palace  broke  out  after  th« 
'  Thrice  Holy,'  with  the  burthen  added  at  Antioch  by 
Peter  the  Fuller,  '  who  wast  crucified  for  us.'  The  or- 
thodox monks,  backed  by  the  rabble  of  Constantinople, 
endeavoured  to  expel  them  from  the  church ;  they  were 
not  content  with  hurling  curses  at  each  other;  sticks  and 
stones  began  their  work.  There  was  a  wild,  fierce  fray." 
&c.— Milman,  Hist,  of  Christianity,  1854,  vol.  i.  p.  243-4.] 

ROMAN  MILITARY  OATH.  —  What  was  the  Ro- 
man military  oath  from  about  A.D.  1  to  the  reign 
of  Constantine  ?  How  often  was  it  renewed  ? 
And  particularly  whether  the  oaths  imposed  upon 
the  centurions  and  common  soldiers  of  the  legions 
in  Palestine  and  the  provinces  required  adherence 
to  the  idolatrous  religion  of  the  State  ?  R.  M.  O. 

[Of  all  Roman  oaths  the  military  (sacramentum^)  was 
the  most  sacred.  It  was  taken  upon  the  ensigns  (signa 
militaria').  Livy  says  (xxii.  38.),  until  the  year  216  B.C. 
the  military  oath  was  only  sacramentum,  i.  e.  the  soldiers 
took  it  voluntarily,  and  promised  (with  imprecations) 
that  they  would  not  desert  from  the  army,  and  not  leave 
the  ranks  unless  to  fight  against  the  enemy  or  to  save  a 
Roman  citizen.  But  in  the  year  216  B.C.  the  soldiers 
were  compelled  by  the  tribunes  to  take  the  oath,  which, 
the  tribunes  put  to  them,  that  they  would  meet  at  the 
command  of  the  consuls,  and  not  leave  the  standards 
without  their  orders,  so  that  in  this  case  the  military 
oath  became  a  jusjurandum.  But  Livy  here  forgets  that 
long  before  that  time  he  has  represented  (iii.  20.)  the 
soldiers  taking  the  same  jusjurandum.  In  the  time  of 
the  empire  (according  to  Dionysius,  xi.  43.)  a  clause  was 
added  to  the  military  oath,  in  which  the  soldiers  declared 
that  they  would  consider  the  safety  of  the  emperor  more 
important  than  anything  else,  and  that  they  loved  neither 
themselves  nor  their  children  more  than  their  sovereign. 
The  oath  was  renewed  each  time  that  the  soldier  enlisted 
for  a  campaign.  On  the  military  oath  in  general  cow/. 
Brissonius,  De  Formul,  iv.  c.  1 — 5. ;  Dionysius,  vi.  23., 
and  Gellius,  xvi.  4.!J 


2"d  S.  IX.  MAR.  3.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


165 


GREEK  MS.  PLAY.  —  In  the"  British  Museum 
(Addit.  MS.  4458.  art.  19.)  there  is  a  Greek  play, 
having  the  date  1723.  Is  anything  known  re- 
garding the  author  ?  Z. 

[This  turns  out  to  be  only  a  small  opening  fragment  of 
a  Greek  play,  and  professedly  a  translation  from  the  Eng- 
lish. There  is  much  erasure"  and  interlineation,  and  parts 
are  rewritten  and  again  corrected.  The  title  runs  thus  : 

"  <£tA.o-yAa<£upos  I  Ka)ju,w8ta  |  EK    /3pira.vi'<,Kr)s  |  v^ai-m)!  ^.era- 
<*>pa<r0eura  |  napa  JMO.VVOV  Jwi/a:  |  erct  <ra>Trjpiej>  1723  //.TJVOS  OK- 
r> 


As  $<.\oy\a$vpos  is  not  a  classical,  nor,  as  far  as  we  can 
find,  a  mediaeval  word,  its  meaning  seems  open  to  con- 
jecture. As  here  used  for  a  title  we  are  disposed  to 
render  it,  the  Macaroni  With  this  accords  the  opening 
of  Act  I.  :  — 

"  Apd,u.aTo?  TOW  jrpwrou  cntyvri  17  Trpw-nj.     OIKIJ/U.O.  aroA/ijs. 
Tpan-e^a  (rvf  en-iKaAvV/naTt,'  tjU,otTta  evSov  eroiju.a." 

Perhaps,  however,  we  are  to  understand  an  Old  Beau  .-  — 

"  'fls  (TKaibv  KCU  aijSe?,  w  Oeoi,  epamKas  ypafysiv  8e'A/rous,  e/C7ri- 

TTTOUtrrj?  T7JS  6p|U.T}s  KOI  TOU  TOVOV  OVK  CTt  OVTOS," 

If  this  fragment  of  a  Greek  play  be  really  a  translation 
from  the  English,  one  would  wish  to  discover  the  original 
English  drama.  We  find  nothing  nearer  than  a  comedy 
by  R.  Hitchcock  (entitled  The  Macaroni,  but  bearing  the 
later  date  1773),  which  has  a  somewhat  similar  com- 
mencement: —  "  Act  I.  Scene,  a  DRESSING-ROOM  in  EPI- 
OENE'S  House.  EPICENE  discovered  sitting  before  a  Glass" 
This  is  no  very  close  coincidence,  and,  after  all,  may  be 
merely  accidental.  Still,  however,  \ve  think  it  not  'im- 
possible that  the  3>iAo'yA.d4>vpos  and  The  Macaroni  may 
have  derived  their  origin  from  some  common  source. 
The  Greek  fragment  is  accompanied  with  some  other 
translations  from  the  English,  and  is  followed  by  an 
amusing  Greek  letter,  apologising  for  not  keeping  an 
appointment  in  consequence  of  an  invitation  to  dinner. 
This  letter,  unfortunately,  does  not  bear  the  name  of  the 
writer,  the  whole  subscription  being  eppWo.  OTSas  TO 


"  THE  FEMALE  VOLUNTEER."  —  The  Rev.  L.  H. 
Halloran,  a  chaplain  in  the  Navy,  published  a 
drama  with  this  title  in  1801.  Who  are  the  dra- 
matis personce  ?  Z. 

[Sir  George  Liberal,  a  Devonshire  baronet.  Lieut. 
.Minden,  a  loyal  half-  pay  officer.  Capt.  Cavil,  a  demo- 
cratic half-pay  officer.  Henry  Pensive,  ensign  of  the 
corps.  Frank  Faithful,  his  valet.  Erasmus  Syntax,  an 
Irish  schoolmaster.  Ned  Brace,  a  sailor  with  a  wooden 
leg.  Clod,  a  farmer  and  volunteer.  Emma,  daughter  of 
Sir  Geo.  Liberal,  in  love  with  Hen.  Pensive.  Jeanette, 
the  Female  Volunteer,  betrothed  to  Frank  Faithful.  Vo- 
lunteers, &c.  The  scene  lies  on  the  Devonshire  coast.] 


THE  DE  HUNGERFORD  INSCRIPTION  AND 

ITS  INDULGENCES. 

(2nd  S.  ix.  49.) 

Of  our  old  English  inscribed  stones  few  have 

about  them  more  interest  than  the  one  now  under 

; i Hording  as  it  does  several  valuable  hints 

tntiquary  and  liturgical  student.     Though 

MB.  GOUGH  NICHOLS  has  succeeded  in  mending 

if  text  as  given  by  others,  I  suspect  his  own  is 


not  without  some  little  speck,  for,  to  iny  thinking, 
instead  of  "  noun,"  as  he  has  it,  we  ought  to  read 
"  noum."  My  present  object,  however,  is  to  show 
the  value  of  this  inscription  for  illustrating  some 
ritual  usages  once  followed  throughout  this  land 
in  olden  times. 

The  very  asking  of  prayers  in  behalf  of  Sir 
Robert  "  so  long  as  he  shall  live,"  yields,  by  itself, 
the  strongest  proof  that  the  same  De  Hungerford 
had  it  put  up  during  his  own  lifetime.  That 
churchmen,  while  they  were  yet  alive,  used  to 
choose  their  own  graves,  and  get  ready  the  stone 
tomb  or  figured  brass  that  was  to  lie  over  them, 
may  be  shown  by  various  examples ;  and  the  in- 
scription now  under  consideration  goes  to  prove 
that  the  same  religious  practice  found  imitators 
among  the  high-born  and  the  wealthy  of  our  lay- 
folks.  As  the  thought  to  a  man  that  one  day  he 
must  die,  makes,  or  ought  to  make,  him  live  the 
better,  no  one  will  blame,  while  perhaps  many 
could  wish  that  such  a  wholesome  usage  were 
even  yet  observed. 

MB.  GOUGH  NICHOLS  tells  us  "that  fourteen 
bishops  should  have  promised  five  hundred  and 
fifty  days  of  pardon  to  all  comers,  for  an  object 
so  perfectly  personal  as  the  temporal  and  spiritual 
welfare  of  Sir  Robert  Hungerford,  seems  very 
strange  to  our  modern  notions."  If  MR.  GOUGH 
NICHOLS  will  take  with  him  his  "  modern  no- 
tions" when  he  goes  among  the  monuments  of 
antiquity,  especially  religious  antiquity ;  if  he 
makes  exclusive  use  of  such  "  modern  notions  "  to 
understand  for  himself,  and  unfold  unto  others, 
the  meaning  of  those  remains  of  another  period, 
and  of  a  belief  far  other  than  his  own,  he  must 
not  be  surprised  if  he  be  often  at  fault  and  in  a 
puzzle  :  to  gather  the  true  meaning  of  such  mo- 
numents, they  must  be  read  under  the  light  of  their 
own  days. 

That  she  might  testify  how  thankful  she  was  for 
every  good  work  wrought  for  the  better  hallowing 
of  God's  name  among  men,  or  for  the  country's 
common  weal,  the  Church  in  those  days  used  to 
bid  the  people  to  pray  for  such  as  had  thus  be- 
come the  people's  friends  and  benefactors.  To 
draw  our  forefathers  to  do  her  behest  the  sooner, 
she  offered  them  her  spiritual  gifts,  then  called 
"pardon,"  now  "indulgences."  It  so  happened 
that  this  same  house  of  the  De  Hungerfords  had 
made  for  itself  a  distinguished  name  by  its  reli- 
gious as  well  as  civic  munificence,  both  before  and 
after  the  times  of  the  Sir  Robert  of  the  inscrip- 
tion. This  very  Sir  Robert  bestowed  broad  acres 
upon  St.  Leonard's  church,  Hungerford;  and  one  of 
his  descendants,  Walter,  was  a  great  benefactor  to 
Salisbury  cathedral,  wherein  he  built  and  endowed 
a  chantry  chapel  for  two  priests,  besides  founding 
other  chantries  at  Farley,  Hungerford,  Haytes- 
bury,  and  Chipenham  (Test.  Vet.  L  257.).  From 
the  heir  of  his  good  example  as  well  as  of  kit»  lordly 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAK.  3.  '60. 


honours,  we  accidentally  learn  other  pious  deeds  of 
this  Walter,  for  his  son  Robert,  .in  his  own  will, 
says  :  "  To  the  repair  of  the  high- way  called  the 
Causeway  in  Stawyk  Marsh,  which  Walter  Lord 
Hungerford,  my  father,  first  caused  to  be  made, 
for  the  health"  of  the  soul  of  the  Lady  Katherine  his 
wife,  xxv.  marks,"  &c.  (ib.  295.).  It  is  most 
likely  that  his  grandsire  had  done  some  such  work 
of  public  utility.  Surely,  then,  persons  of  the  pre- 
sent day,  in  spite  of  all  their  "  modern,  notions," 
need  be  at  no  loss  to  understand  why  grateful 
churchmen  should  teach  the  people  to  pray  for 
their  living  benefactors :  prayer  for  such  is  even 
now  encouraged  by  Protestantism.  The  men  who 
multiply  the  occasions  of  public  service  in  cathe- 
dral and  parish  churches  ;  or  the  better  to  enable 
their  poorer  neighbours  to  come  thither  on  the 
Sunday  and  festival  to  worship  and  hear  the  word 
of  God,  and  on  the  week-days  to  go  with  ease 
about  this  world's  business,  build  bridges  and 
mend  foul  way?,  are  the  people's  best  friends. 
Upon  such  individuals,  though  they  hnppen  to  be 
lords — though,  in  doing  such  good  deeds,  they 
showed  a  feeling  wish  for  the  soul's  health  of  a 
fondly  beloved  wife  or  other  of  their  kindred,  the 
sourest  Puritan,  even  should  his  head  be  crowded 
with  the  very  newest  notions,  ought  to  look  with 
favour,  and  surely  he  will  not  forbid  such  living 
benefactor  to  be  prayed  for. 

Without  halt  or  hesitation,  MR.  GOUGH  NI- 
CHOLS assures  us  "  there  is  no  doubt  that  there 
was  a  market  always  open  for  the  sale  of  these 
visionary  benefits"  (indulgences).  Where  this 
"  always  open  market "  was  to  be  found,  he  does 
not  say.  Perhaps  this  pardon  or  indulgence  may 
have  been  brought  from  Rome ;  no,  that  is  con- 
tradicted by  the  document  itself,  which  tells  us  it 
was  granted  by  fourteen  bishops  —  had  it  come 
from  the  Pope  it  would  itself  have  said  so.  Was 
Salisbury,  so  famous  for  its  "  Use,"  the  market- 
place ?  Nothing  of  the  kind  stood  there.  Was 
this  curious  "market"  kept  in  London,  or  at 
Canterbury,  or  at  York  ?  Assuredly  not,  at  least 
during  those  times.  In  the  days  of  Sir  Robert  De 
Hungerford,  and  for  many  very  many  long  years 
afterwards,  any  such  a  sort  of  market  had  a  being 
nowhere  but  in  airy  nothing;  and  the  only  record 
of  its  assumed  existence  in  this  country  must  be 
sought  for  among  the  "  modern  notions  "  of  some 
few  modern  illustrators  of  our  national  ecclesiasti- 
cal antiquities.  The  origin  of  the  above-men- 
tioned and  many  like  indulgences  may  be  easily 
accounted  for,  without  resorting  to  the  "  open 
market "  system  of  MR.  GOUGH  NICHOLS.  The 
bountifulness  of  such  a  public  benefactor  as  Sir 
Robert  De  Hungerford,  must  have  been  well 
known  to  the  Bishop  of  Sarum,  who,  on  his  side, 
would  take  an  early  occasion  of  paying  the  grate- 
ful thanks  of  his  diocese  in  a  way  the  most  likely 
to  please  the  pious  feelings  of  that  religious  noble- 


man. For  this  end,  the  prelate  would  himself 
issue  an  indulgence  of  perhaps  forty  days  to  be 
gained,  under  the  usual  and  well-known  condi- 
tions of  confession,  contrition,  and  satisfaction,  by 
all  who  prayed  for  the  well-being  whilst  he  lived, 
and  for  the  soul's  rest  after  his  death,  of  De  Hun- 
gerford. Still  more  to  enlarge  this  privilege,  the 
bishop  would  seek  to  gather  from  as  many  as  he 
could  of  his  brother-bishops  a  like  indulgence  to 
be  added  to  his  own  :  the  meetings  of  our  pre- 
lates for  business  or  some  grand  ceremonial  af- 
forded the  opportunity,  and  were  often  made 
available  for  drawing  up  and  promulgating  these 
joint  indulgences,  as  may  be  seen  in  Matthew 
Paris  (p.  494.).  This  "pardon"  or '"  indulgence  " 
of  thirty  or  of  forty  days,  as  it  may  be,  is  the  for- 
giveness or  abatement,  on  the  part  of  the  Church, 
of  just  so  much  time  out  of  the  months  —  perhaps 
years —  which,  according  to  her  penitential  canons, 
ought  to  be  undergone  in  prayer,  fasting,  and 
sackcloth  for  sins  committed :  by  the  same  right 
that  she  puts  on,  the  Church  can  remit  and  take  off 
her  canonical  penances. 

Without  the  slightest  diffidence  MR.  GOUGH 
NICHOLS  lays  it  down  that  "  the  bishops  who  made 
such  grants  were  generally  those  of  inferior  grade 
or  suffragans."  Whether  we  be  indebted  to  "mo- 
dern notions "  for  such  novel  information  I  know 
not.  Of  this,  however,  I  am  certain  there  are 
more  mistakes  than  one  in  the  foregoing  sentence  ; 
but  this  is  not  the  place  for  showing  them.  MR. 
GOUGH  NICHOLS  seems  to  forget  that  all  the 
bishops  in  an  ecclesiastical  province  are  the  suf- 
fragans, in  the  first  and  strict  sense  of  the  word,  to 
its  archbishop  :  may  be  he  confuses  suffragans  with 
coadjutor  bishops  :  true  is  it  that,  in  its  second 
and  less  canonical  meaning,  the  word  suffragan 
was  formerly  used  in  England  for  those  who  are 
now  better  and  more  correctly  called  coadjutors. 
But  even  so  he  is  mistaken,  for  if  we  look  at  the  long 
catalogue — more  than  fifty  in  number — of  those 
indulgences  granted  to  the  church  of  Durham, 
and  to  which  he  calls  attention,  we  shall  see  that 
they  were,  almost  every  one,  given  by  archbishops, 
and  by  bishops  who,  though  they  were  suffragans 
in  the  right  sense  of  the  word,  as  Lyndwode 
would  have  employed  it,  were  not  so  in  its  second 
meaning,  that  is,  coadjutors.  Among  those  gran- 
tors of  the  Durham  indulgences,  besides  the  Arch- 
bishops of  Canterbury  and  York,  we  find  the 
Bishops  of  London,  Durham,  Carlisle,  Bath,  Co- 
ventry and  Lichfield,  Norwich,  Ely,  and  Roches- 
ter ;  most  of  the  bishops  of  Scotland,  with  those  of 
Sodor,  Man,  and  the  Isles,  as  well  as  of  the  Ork- 
neys. To  my  belief  MR.  GOUGH  NICHOLS  cannot, 
from  out  all  those  indulgences,  point  to  half  a 
dozen  which  have  the  faintest  likelihood  of  having 
been  bestowed  by  a  coadjutor  bishop,  or  as  he 
terms  them  "  bishops  of  an  inferior  grade  or  suffra- 
gans." 


2^  S.  IX.  MAR.  3.  '60  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


167 


MR.  GOUGH  NICHOLS  talks  about  the  "  sale  of 
these  visionary  benefits" — meaning  indulgences. 
Had  he  read  no  other  than  those  forms  printed  at 
the  end  of  the  Surtees  edition  of  the  Rites  of  Dur- 
ham,  and  to  which  he  refers,  he  would  have  found 
that,  while  there  is  not  a  tittle  of  evidence  which 
warrants  a  suspicion  that  they  were  either  bought 
or  sold,  he  might  at  the  same  time  have  assured 
himself  of  the  great  practical  good,  in  many  ways, 
of  those  so-called  pardons.  One  among  their 
other  objects  was  to  draw  people  to  church  for 
prayer,  and  to  hear  the  word  of  God ;  the  condi- 
tions for  gaining  them  were  the  sincere  confession 
of,  and  hearty  sorrow  for  sins :  their  effects,  amend- 
ment of  life,  forgiveness  of  injuries,  healing  of 
feuds,  atonement  for  spoken  slander,  reparation 
for  stolen  goods,  besides  the  building,  the  beauti- 
fying, and  endowment  of  our  splendid  cathedrals, 
and  our  parish  churches,  probably  in  the  opinion 
of  some  among  our  antiquaries  not  the  least  good 
effect  resulting  from  them  :  these,  forsooth,  are  no 
"  visionary  benefits." 

To  some  extent,  the  doctrine  of  the  Church 
about  indulgences  was  adopted  and  often  acted 
upon  after  the  change  of  religion  in  this  country  : 
commutation  was  allowed  to  be  made  in  the  severer 
canonical  ordinances  of  the  Protestant  Establish- 
ment, so  that  something  much  more  mild  and  easy 
of  performance  might  be  substituted  in  their 
stead ;  and  such  a  commutation  was  called  a 
"  license."  Roger  Ascham  asked  and  obtained 
from  Cranmer  "  to  be  dispensed  with  as  to  absti- 
nence from  flesh-meats,  Lent  and  fish-days  being 
then  strictly  observed  in  the  colleges  "  (at  Cam- 
bridge); and  Cranmer  "put  himself  to  the  trouble 
of  procuring  the  king's  license  under  the  privy 
seal  for  this  man,  and  he  released  him  of  the  whole 
charges  of  taking  it  out,  paying  all  the  fees  him- 
self." (Strype's  Life  of  Cranmer,  ed.  E.  H.  S.,  ii. 
65.  69.).  In  his  Life  of  Parker,  Strype  informs  us 
that  "  However  the  observation  of  the  fast  of 
Lent  was  regarded,  yet  dispensations  also  for  it 
were  granted  upon  reasonable  causes.  This  favour 
(Parker)  had  "  formerly  shewed  to  John  Fox,  the 
martyrologist,  a  spare  sickly  man,  whom  he  per- 
mitted for  his  bad  stomach  to  eat  flesh  in  Lent." 
(p.  178.)  Of  Grindal  the  same  writer  tells  us: 
"  As  for  dispensations  for  eating  flesh,  they  were 
rarely  granted,  and  this  upon  the  physician  s  testi- 
monial. And,  for  the  most  part  (Grindal),  re- 
mitted part  of  his  fees  (Life  of  Grindal,  p.  219.). 
Among  the  MSS.  in  the  splendid  collection  at 
Ashburnham  Place  there  is  a  license,  dated  A.D. 
1632,  from  Abbot,  for  eating  meat  on  fast-days. 
At  Isleworth,  among  the  muniments  of  the  parish 
church,  is  a  license  bearing  date  April  28th,  1661, 
given  by  W.  Grant,  vicar  of  Isleworth,  to  R. 
Downton  and  Thomasina  his  wife,  to  eat  flesh- 
meat  in  Lent,  &c.  (Lysons,  Environs  of  London, 
iii.  118.).  "These  licenses,"  we  are  told  by  Ly- 


sons, "  were  by  no  means  uncommon  at  an  earlier 
period.  After  the  Restoration  the  keeping  of 
Lent,  which  had  been  neglected  by  the  Puritans, 
who  entirely  exploded  the  observing  of  seasons, 
was  enforced  by  a  proclamation  from  the  king, 
and  an  office  for  granting  licenses  to  eat  flesh  in 
any  part  of  England  was  set  up  in  St.  Paul's 
churchyard,  and  advertised  in  the  public  papers, 
Anno  1663."  (z'6.)  When  Lysons  published  his 
book,  1795,  there  was  in  the  possession  of  J. 
Clitherow,  Esq.,  of  Boston  House,  "  a  curious  li- 
cense under  Juxon's  hand  and  seal,  1663,  by 
which  he  grants  permission  to  Sir  Nath.  Powell, 
Bart.,  his  sons  and  daughters,  and  six  guests 
whom  he  shall  at  any  time  invite  to  his  table,  to 
eat  flesh  in  Lent,  provided  that  they  eat  soberly 
and  frugally,  with  due  grace  said,  and  privately  to 
avoid  scandal ;  the  said  Sir  Nath.  giving  the  sum 
of  13*.  4d.  to  the  poor  of  the  parish  "  (ib.  119.). 

But  there  are  Protestant  indulgences  for  other 
and  far  more  serious  and  important  things  than  the 
eating  of  flesh  in  Lent  and  upon  fast-days,  to  which 
I  beg  to  direct  MR.  GOUGH  NICHOLS'S  attention. 
In  the  "  Form  of  Penance "  devised  by  Grindal, 
we  find  it  set  forth  thus  :  "  Let  the  offender  be  set 
directly  over  against  the  pulpit  during  the  sermon 
or  homily,  and  there  stand  bare-headed,  with  the 
sheet  or  other  accustomed  note  of  difference ;  and 
that  upon  some  board  raised  a  foot-and-a-half  at 
least  above  the  church-floor,  that  they  may  be  in 
loco  cditiore  et  eminenliores  omni  populo,  i.  e.  in  an 
higher  place,  and  above  all  the  people.  It  is  very 
requisite  that  the  preacher  in  some  place  of  his 
sermon,  or  the  curate  after  the  end  of  the  homily, 
remaining  still  in  the  pulpit,  shall  publickly  in- 
terrogate the  offender,  &c.  Preacher.  Dost  thou 
not  here,  before  Got!  and  this  congregation,  con- 
fess that  thou  didst  commit  such  an  offence,  viz. 
fornication,  adultery,  incest,  &c.  ?"  (Strype's  Life 
of  Grindal,  p.  261.)  Here,  then,  we  have  notori- 
ous sinners,  and  among  them  the  fornicator,  the 
adulterer,  the  incestuous  man  or  woman,  made  to 
come  to  church,  and,  clad  in  a  white  sheet,  mount 
the  stool  of  repentance,  and  there  openly  answer 
the  interrogations  of  the  preacher,  acknowledge 
their  sins,  and  promise  amendment  in  hearing  and 
sight  of  all  the  people.  But  an  "  indulgence,"  a  re- 
mission of  all  this  humiliation  and  painful  process, 
might  be  bought  with  cash.  Perhaps  Grindal  him- 
self, certainly  his  successor  Whitgift,  bartered  and 
allowed  bartering  in  remissions  for  such  open 
penance. 

In  his  "  Articles  touching  Preachers,"  Whitgift 
ordained  "  That  from  henceforth  there  be  no  com- 
mutation of  penance  but  in  rare  respects  and 
upon  great  consideration,  and  when  it  shall  ap- 
pear to  the  bishop  himself  that  that  shall  be  the 
best  way  of  winning  and  reforming  the  offender, 
and  that  the  penalty  be  employed  either  to  the 
relief  of  the  poor  of  that  parish  or  to  other  godly 


168 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAR.  3.  '60. 


uses  —  and  if  the  fault  be  notorious,  that  the  of- 
fender make  some  satisfaction,  either  in  his  own 
person,  or  else  that  the  minister  of  the  church 
openly  in  the  pulpit  signify  to  his  people  his  sub- 
mission, and  declaration  of  his  repentance  done 
before  the  ordinary  ;  and  also,  in  token  of  his  re- 
pentance, what  portion  of  money  he  hath  given  to 
be  employed  in  the  uses  above  named.  (Cardwell's 
Documentary  Annals,  i.  415.)  The  under  clergy 
seem  to  have  occasionally  done  a  little  business 
upon  their  own  account  in  this  matter ;  for  among 
the  articles  exhibited  against  a  Dr.  Clay,  vicar  of 
Halifax,  one  was  that  "  when  commissions  were  di- 
rected to  him  to  compel  persons  to  do  penance,  he 
exacted  money  of  them,  and  so  they  were  dismissed 
without  penalty."  (The  Acts  of  the  High  Com- 
mission Court  of  Durham,  p.  256.) 

From  the  foregoing  evidence  it  is  clear  that  the 
Heads  of  the  Protestant  Establishment  in  this 
country  admitted,  to  a  certain  extent,  the  princi- 
ples, and  put  into  action,  after  a  manner  quite 
their  own,  the  discipline  of  indulgences.  In  com- 
parison, however,  with  that  of  the  Catholic  Church, 
the  practice  of  Protestantism  on  that  head  was 
laxity  itself.  The  grant  to  Catholics  by  their 
Church  of  the  smallest  indulgence,  always  was,  as 
it  still  is,  made  only  under  the  unvarying  condi- 
tions of  a  true  sorrow  for  sins,  a  sacramental  con- 
fession of  them,  and  a  fitting  atonement  for  all 
misdeeds,  by  those  who  wished  to  gain  it.  If  we 
look,  for  instance,  at  the  very  first  of  the  Durham 
indulgences  referred  to  by  MR.  GOUGH  NICHOLS, 
we  shall  find  that  it  runs  thus  :  "  Nos  (H.  Ely- 
ensis)  vero  de  Dei  misericordia — omnibus  qui 
fabricae  memoratfe  pias'elemosinarum  largitiones 
impenderint,  seu  predictum  locum  per  hoc  sep- 
tennium  proxime  futurum  causa  orationis  adierint 
—  si  de  peccatis  suis  vere  contriti  fuerint  et  con- 
fess!, triginta  dies  de  injuncta  sibi  penitentia  relax- 
amus."  (Rites  of  Durham,  p.  131.)  The  like  clauses 
would  have  been  seen  in  all  the  other  indulgences 
enumerated  after  this  one,  had  they  been  given  in 
full.  But  the  Protestant  canonical  penances  —  the 
wearing  of  the  white  sheet,  the  standing  so  arrayed 
upon  the  stool  in  open  church,  the  questionings 
from  the  pulpit  —  might  be  bought  off,  from  the 
heads  of  the  Protestant  Establishment,  even  for 
crimes  of  such  black  turpitude  as  fornication, 
adultery,  nay  even  incest,  by  the  powerful  or 
wealthy  sinner,  through  the  payment  of  a  pecu- 
niary fine.  Let  it  not  be  deemed  that  even  the 
last-named  of  such  sins  was  of  rare  occurrence  in 
those  reformed  times.  The  Acts  of  the  High  Com- 
mission Court  of  Durham,  lately  printed  by  the 
Surtees  Society,  afford  but  too  many  instances  of 
its  frequency  in  the  upper  orders  of  life  (pp.  28. 
31.  76.  107.  123.  146.)  in  that  diocese.  No  doubt 
the  others  could  have  revealed  the  same  frightful 
state  of  wickedness.  Other  such  indulgences 
seem  to  have  been  in  use  up  to  the  present  century  : 


j  some  thirty  years  ago  among  my  Protestant  ac- 
|  quaintauces  was  an  old  lady  who  had  been  mar- 
i  ried  to  two-  brothers ;  and  the  story  went,  in  her 
I  neighbourhood,  that  she  had  bought  off  a  prosecu- 
tion, on  that  score,  in  the  ecclesiastical  courts  by 
the  yearly  payment  of  a  sum  of  money. 

That  Protestantism  had  its  .indulgences,  and 
used  to  sell  them,  is  evident.  For  the  sale  and 
purchase  of  one  sort  of  these  indulgences,  there 
was  a  well-known  "  open  market"  set  up  in  Lon- 
don, at  St.  Paul's,  with  its  duly  kept  body  of  au- 
thorised officials  who  put  forth  advertisements 
!  in  the  public  papers,  inviting  people  to  come  and 
!  buy  their  ecclesiastical  indulgences,  or,  as  they 
called  them,  "  licenses  "  to  eat  meat  in  Lent,  and 
on  fast-days,  we  learn  from  a  Protestant  writer, 
Lysons.  Notwithstanding  MR.  GOUGH  NICHOLS'S 
opinion,  it  is  fair  to  presume  that  from  Ascham 
and  Foxe,  from  Cranrner,  Parker,  Grindnl,  and 
Abbot  downward,  all  those  who  bought  as  well  as 
the  officials,  high  and  low,  who  sold  such  licenses, 
did  not  think  them  "visionary  benefits;"  other- 
wise the  first  had  not  sought  for  nor  given  their 
hard  money  for  them,  nor  the  second  offered  and 
advertised  for  sale,  and  kept  an  "  open  market," 
with  all  its  necessary  appliances,  for  the  conve- 
nience of  purchasers  throughout  the  kingdom. 

This  De  Hungerford  inscription,  so  valuable  a 
monument  of  mediseval  antiquity,  we  are  told 
"has  suffered  much  from  wanton  defacement" 
(2nd  S.  viii,  464.) ;  this  is  sad :  sadder  still  if  the 
cause  for  perpetrating  such  disfigurement  must  bo 
sought  from  that  same  motive  which  MR.  GOUGH 
NICHOLS  assigns  for  the  disappearance  of  so  many 
copies  of  Foxe's  book  —  "  sectarian  spite  "  (2nd  S. 
viii.  221.)  :  but  saddest  of  all,  when,  through  the 
same  uncharitable  agency,  the  defacement  of  a  far 
more  mischievous  nature  is  wrought  on  such  in- 
scriptions by  men  who  scoff  at  their  words,  with- 
out a  care  to  understand  their  meaning. 

D.  ROCK. 
Brook  Green,  Hammersmith. 


MR.  NICHOLS  does  not  seem  to  be  aware 
that  I  copied  the  inscription  from  an  actual  rub- 
bing taken  by  myself,  which  I  shall  be  happy  to 
lend  him  if  he  has  any  doubt  as  to  any  at- 
tempted deciphering  of  the  monumental  slab.  I 
am  quite  willing  to  admit  (and  thank  him  for  the 
suggestion)  that  the  sense  is  better  met  by  the 
substitution  of  the  word  com;  but  on  the  other 
hand  the  last  letter  which  I  read  r,  is  so  clear  and 


separate  from  the  preceding  letters  (which  are  a 
little  blurred  by  chipping),  that  I  could  not  see 
how  it  could  be  very  well  converted  into  com. 
Again,  would  not  the  sculptor  have  followed  the 
same  wording  as  in  line  2.;  viz.  tant  cii  or  cum  f 
He  appears,  however,  to  have  been  sufficiently 
careless  in  incising  other  words. 

MR.  NICHOLS'S  extended   version  will   bear   a 


IX.  MAR.  3.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


169 


trilling  revision.  For  sinquante  read  sinqaunte;  for 
noun  read  noiim.  I  omitted  to  state  that  the  work- 
man who  executed  this  monument  has  cut  some 
straight  lines  between  every  line  of  the  inscrip- 
tion, apparently  for  his  guidance.  Now,  after  the 
word  Ave  is  the  space  of  two  lines  and  a  quarter 
not  tilled  up-:  supposing  that  this  was.  left  blank 
originally,  and  no  portion  of  the  inscription  obli- 
terated (which  is  doubtful),  could  it  have  been 
designedly  to  add  the  date  of  the  decease  of  Robt. 
de  II.  at  a  subsequent  period?  CL.  HOPPER. 


ELUCIDATION  OF  DURIE  CLAVIE  AT 
BURGIIEAD. 

(2nd  S.  ix.  38.  106.) 

It  is  singular,  but  T  think  capable  of  proof,  that 
language,  manners,  and  customs  remain  longest 
uneffaced  in  the  remotest  and  most  distant  cor- 
ners in  which  they  were  once  practised.  In  Por- 
tugal the  Roman  language  is  still  so  identical 
with  the  modern  vernacular  that  Southey  has 
recorded  a  hymn  to  St.  Ursula  in  good  Portu- 
guese, which  would  pass  for  classic  latinity.  It 
begins  — 

" Ursula,  divina  Virgo!  favnosos  canto  triumphos," 

and  in  that  country  the  well-known  perversion  of 
the  ft  and  »,  in  the  old  Roman  pun,  "  b\ ftere  est 
flirere,"  is  still  found  in  full  practice  amongst  the 
uneducated  :  thus  at  an  estalagem  on  the  great 
route  from  Lisbon  to  Oporto,  I  read  on  a  small 
board  over  the  door,  "  acqui  se  &end  vuon  ftino  " 
for  the  orthodox  acqui  se  vend  -buon  vino ;  and 
farther  on  crossing  by  a  ferry  a  river,  which  the 
ferryman  called  J3ouga  to  Alrergaria,  you  will 
find  them  written  on  the  maps  Vouga  and  Alfter- 
geria  respectively. 

In  England  the  curious  recumbent  cross-legged 
figures  on  our  altar-tombs  are  confined  exclu- 
sively to  the  corner  most  distant  from  Asia,  where 
they  undoubtedly  had  their  origin  in  the  Mithria- 
tic  sculptures  and  emblems  from  Hindostan,  and 
from  Lake  Van,  and  the  caverned  temples  of  Ke- 
refta. 

The  Scandinavian  Mythology  and  language 
found  an  asylum  beyond  the  boundaries  of  its  first 
practice,  and  almost  beyond  the  limits  of  Europe, 
in  far  distant  Iceland,  whence  the  Edda  had  to  be 
restored  to  teach  the  Northmen  their  ancient  be- 
lief and  tongue. 

It  is  not,  therefore,  with  any  wonder  we  find 
Scotland  rife  with  reminiscences  of  Roman  creed 
and  customs.  Notwithstanding  the  severity  of 
his  climate,  the  Highlander  still  clings  to  the  Ro- 
man tunic,  shown  in  his  kilt,  and  the  plaid  or 
maund  of  the  shepherd,  representing  the  Roman 
as  his  clothing.  In  their  mythology  we  find 
iWBeltain  of  Pennant  and  Jamieson  as  an  acknow- 
ledged sacrificial  ritual  to  the  deity  Bel  or  Belinus, 


and  I  have  little  doubt  that  a  short  statement  will 
show  the  same  for  the  curious  custom  at  Burg- 
head  of  the  "  durie  clavie,"  and  will  also  prove  it 
eminently  mythical  and  Roman. 

The  earliest  indigenous  deity  of  prerornanic 
Italy  was  undoubtedly  Janus,  and  his  worship  was 
still .  kept  up  even  when  the  conquering  legion- 
aries of  the  commonwealth  had  extended  their 
knowledge  of  foreign  deities  and  brought  home 
the  gods  of  Homer  and  Greece  to  usurp  the 
places  of  those  which  they  long  venerated  from 
Etruria.  Ovid,  in  his  Fasti,  lib.  i.,  is  very  dif- 
fuse in  his  investigations  on  the  nature  and  pro- 
perties of  the  singular  Bifrons :  — 

"  Quern  tamen  esse  Deum  te  dicam  Jane  biformis? 
Nam  tibi-par  nullum  Graecia  mimen  habet,'' 

and  the  resolution  of  this  question  by  the  deity 
runs  through  many  lines,  and  principally  turns 
upon  his  epithet  as  claviger,  which,  from  the  dif- 
fering forms  of  clavus  and  clavis,  is  explained  as 
key  or  club-bearer,  and  its  consequences  as  jani- 
tor. 

In  the  second  volume  of  my  Shakespeare's  Puck 
and  his  Folkslore  now  under  the  press,  it  is  part  of 
my  argument  to  prove  t\\?it  Janus  is  identical  with 
Thor,  from  identity  of  name ;  the  etymology  of 
Janus  from  Janua  being  universally  admitted,  as 
Thor  in  German  still  means  a  gateway,  and  Thilr 
a  smaller  door.  An  undoubted  British  coin 
with  the  double  head  of  Janus  from  Ruding's 
British  Coinage,  and  the  inscriptions  CTJNO  and 
CAMU  on  obverse  and  reverse,  is  additional  corro- 
boration,  as  well  as  many  conformities  of  ritual, 
particularly  the  curious  Roman  custom  of  shutting 
the  temple  of  Janus  in  time  of  peace,  and  opening 
it  during  the  contention  of  arms,  coupled  with 
Thor's  and  den  wildesJager's  riding  out  of  the  old 
castle  of  Schnellarts  in  the  Odenwald,  whenever 
war  impends  over  Fatherland,  as  a  correlative  be- 
lief. If,  therefore,  instead  of  Janus  Claviger  we 
put  as  a  mere  translation  or  synonym  of  the  Roman 
deity  our  indigenous  Thor  or  Thur,  dropping  the 
Saxon  D  for  the  plain  D,  we  gain  the  identical 
durie  clavie  of  our  Scotch  countrymen  with  merely 
the  addition  of  their  usual  diminutive,  and  thus  all 
the  practices  recorded  by  the  correspondent  who 
broached  the  subject  are  very  perfect  portions  of 
a  ceremonial  ritual  to  the  oldest  European  deity 
known,  whether  Janus  or  Thor. 

WILLIAM  BELL,  Phil.  Dr. 
31.  Burton  Street,  Euston  Square. 


PLAYING  CARDS. 
(2"dS.  viii.432.) 

The  pack  of  cards  mentioned  by  C.  F.  is  a  com- 
plete set  of  Tarots,  or  Tarocchi  cards,  and  probably 
of  Italian  manufacture.  The  marks  of  suits  men- 
tioned by  him,  goblets,  clubs  (actual  clubs  or  batons. 


170 


NOTES  AND  QUEBIES. 


S.  IX.  MAR.  3.  '60. 


in  England  we  retain  the  name,  but  have  substi- 
tuted the  French  trefle),  swords,  and  money,  though 
bearing  French  names,  are  foreign  to  that  nation, 
at  least  as  regards  present  usage.  Anciently  Tarots 
were  general,  but  they  are  now  principally  confined 
to  Germany,  Switzerland,  Alsace,  and  Franche 
Compte.  They  are  no  doubt  of  Eastern  origin, 
the  cavalier  or  knight  answering  to  the  piece  of 
the  same  name  in  chess,  between  which  and  the 
older  Tarots  there  is  considerable  affinity.  They 
were  probably  introduced  into  Europe  towards 
the  end  of  the  thirteenth  century  as  instruments 
of  divination.  Our  present  contracted  pack  is  a 
French  modification.  The  twenty-two  symbolical 
cards  are  called  utouts  (according  to  Duchesne 
because  they  were  of  higher  value  than  all  others, 
a  tutti),  and  vary  considerably  according  to  their 
antiquity  and  locality.  See  Le  Monde  Primitif, 
pur  Court  de  Gebelin,  torn.  viii.  pp.  365 — 418. 
4to.  Paris,  1781,  and  Chatto's  Origin  and  History 
of  Playing  Cards,  London,  1848.  I  should  be 
much  obliged  to  C.  F.  if  he  would  favour  me 
with  a  reference  to  any  mention  of  the  Livre  de 
Thoth,  or  the  game  of  "  Tara,"  or  correspond  with 
me  on  the  subject,  as  I  have  a  small  brochure  in 
the  press  on  this  curious  subject.  In  a  paper 
appended  to  Court  de  Gebelin's  essay,  entitled 
•Recherches  sur  les  Tarots  et  sur  la  Divination  par 
les  Cartes  des  Tarots,  is  the  following  passage  :  — 

"  Ce  livre  (ce  livre  du  destin,  cejeu  sacre')  parait  avoir 
&.6  nomme  A-BOSH,  de  la  lettre  A,  doctrine,  science,  et  de 
KOSCH,  Mercure,  qui,  joint  &  1'article  T,  signifie  tableaux 
de  la  doctrine  de  Mercure ;  mais  comme  rosh  veut  aussi 
dire  commencement,  ce  mot  ta-rosh  fut  particulierement 
consacre'  &  sa  cosmogonie;  de  meme  que  VEthotia  (liis- 
toire  du  temps)  fut  le  litre  de  son  astronomie,  ct  peut- 
etre  qu'Athotes,  qu'on  a  pris  pour  un  roi  fils  de  Thot, 
n'est  que  1'enfant  de  son  ge'nie  et  1'histoire  des  rois 
d'Egypte." 

The  etymology  of  Tarot,  however,  has  not  been 
satisfactorily  explained,  and  the  attempt  to  con- 
nect them  with  the  theology  of  ancient  Egypt  is 
like  many  other  essays  of  the  French  savans  in 
this  direction,  at  the  first  dawn  of  Egyptian  dis- 
covery, fanciful  and  absurd.  I  shall  be  glad  of 
any  assistance  the  correspondents  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
can  render  me,  especially  as  to  the  early  period 
of  the  introduction  of  playing  cards  into  England. 

E.  S.  TAYLOR. 

Ormesby  S.  Margaret. 


"  VESTIGIA  NULLA  RETRORSUM  "  (2nd  S.  ix.  23. 
111.)  —  Your  correspondents  have  overlooked 
Bubb  Dodington's  capital  rendering  of  this  legend. 
Walpole,  writing  to  Chute,  in  June,  1756,  says  : — 
"  Dodington  has  translated  well  the  motto  on  the 
caps  of  the  Hanoverians :  '  Vestigia  nulla  retror- 
sum' —  They  never  mean  to  go  back  again,"  Be- 
sides the  humour  of  the  above,  it  shows  whence 
the  motto  came ;  which  I  believe,  belonged  to 


one  of  the  branches  of  ducal  Brunswick.  The 
words  form  the  motto,  as  S.  D.  S.  states,  of  the 
Earls  of  Buckinghamshire.  In  Debrett  for  1830, 
the  Earl's  arms  are  engraved  with  that  motto  ; 
but  the  genealogical  account  of  the  family  ends 
with  these  words  :  "  Motto,  Auctor pretiosa  facit — 
The  founder  makes  it  more  valuable," — which  is 
Latin  de  cuisine,  or  indifferent  English.  In  page 
Ixxii.  Debrett  translates  "  Vestigia  nulla  retror- 
suni"  —  Our  footsteps  are  all  advancing, — which, 
at  all  events,  was  not  appropriate  when  Sir  Henry 
Hobart,  the  father  of  the  first  earl,  was  killed  in  a 
duel  by  Oliver  Le  Neve,  in  1699.  J.  DOR  AN. 

Will  you  allow  me  to  remind  your  correspon- 
dent, MR.  J.  T.  BUCKTON,  that  the  words  in 
question — "  Vestigia  nulla  retrorsum  " — were  the 
motto  of  the  celebrated  Hampden,  and  were 
borne  on  the  colours  of  the  regiment  which  he 
raised  for  the  service  of  the  Parliament,  and  in 
command  of  which  he  was  killed. 

The  uniform  of  the  regiment  was  green,  and 
the  colours  bore  on  one  side  the  Parliamentary 
device  —  "  God  with  us  :"  and  on  the  reverse  the 
words  —  "  Vestigia  nulla  retrorsum."  The  green- 
colour  facings  of  the  5th  Dragoon  Guards,  and 
the  regimental  motto,  may  possibly  have  been 
assumed  in  compliment  to  the  memory  of  so  cele- 
brated a  statesman.  E.  N. 

DINNER  ETIQUETTE  (2nd  S.  ix.  81.)  —  I  have 
for  some  time  had  a  suspicion  that  I  am  growing 
old.  The  concluding  paragraph  of  an  inquiry, 
under  the  above  head,  converts  that  suspicion  into 
conviction  :  "  There  must  be  those  alive  who  can 
almost  remember  it  for  themselves,  or  at  least  de- 
scribe it  from  good  traditional  authority."  I  have 
a  perfect  recollection,  when  a  very  young  boy,  of 
seeing  the  ladies  go  out  of  the  drawing-room  in 
single  file,  the  gentlemen  following  in  like  order. 
CI-DEVANT  JEUNE-HOMME. 

"  BEAUSEANT,"  ETYMOLOGY  OF  (2nd  S.  viii.  451.) 
—  I  find  in  that  extraordinary  roll  of  arms  given 
in  Leland's  Collectanea  (vol.  ii.  p.  616.),  and  com- 
monly called  "Charles's  Roll,"  the  following 
blazons  :  — 

"  Le  baucent  del  temple  dargent  al  chef  de  sable  a  un 
croyz  de  goules  passant." 

"  Le  baucent  del  hospitale  de  goules  a  un  croyz  dar- 
gent fourme.", 

It  would  appear  from  this  that  the  beauseaut 
was  not  the  cri  de  guerre,  as  has  generally  been 
supposed,  but  the  coat  of  arms  itself.  I  should 
suppose  also  the  croyz  passant  was  the  cross  patec, 
and  not  on  the  chief  but  on  the  field.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

COLONEL  FREDERICK,  SON  OF  THEODORE,  KING 
or  CORSICA  (2nd  S.  ix.  93.) — Your  correspondent 
WILLIAM  BATES  will  find  an  account  of  Colonel 
Frederick  in  a  collection  of  lives  published  many 


2n<»  S.  IX.  MAR.  3.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


171 


years  since,  under  tbe  title,  I  think,  of  Neglected 
Biography.  The  old  man  who  walked  from  the 
coffee-  house  at  Storey's  Gate  to  the  porch  at 
Westminster  Abbey,  where  he  shot  himself,  had 
long  been  familiar  to  the  inhabitants  of  London, 
and  was  distinguished  by  his  eccentricities  and 
gentleman-like  bearing.  He  had  fulfilled  many 
employments,  and  had  witnessed  many  strange 
incidents.  One  strange  passage  in  his  life  was 
his  dining  at  Dolly's,  with  Count  Poniatowski, 
when  neither  the  son  of  the  late  King  of  Corsica, 
nor  he  who  was  afterwards  King  of  Poland,  had 
wherewith  to  settle  the  bill.  Distress  drove  the 
Colonel  to  commit  suicide,  and  his  remains  rest 
by  those  of  his  father,  in  St.  Anne's  Churchyard, 
Soho.  The  Colonel's  daughter  married  a  Mr. 
Clark,  of  the  Dartmouth  custom-house.  Four 
children  were  the  issue  of  this  marriage.  One  of 
them,  a  daughter,  was  established  in  London,  at 
the  beginning  of  tbe  present  century,  earning  a 
modest  livelihood  as  an  authoress  and  artist. 
The  following  is  a  copy  of  the  card  of  this  indus- 
trious lady  :  — 

Clarfc, 


Granddaughter  to  the  late  Colonel  Frederick,  Son  of 

Theodore,  King  of  Corsica, 

PAINTS  LIKENESSES  IN  MINIATURE, 

FROM  TWO  TO  THREE  GUINEAS, 

No.  116.  NEW  BOND  STREET. 

Hours  of  Attendance,  from  Twelve  in  the  Morning, 

until  Four." 

The  above  is  the  substance  of  what  I  found  in 
the  volume  of  Neglected  Biography  ',  to  which  I 
have  alluded,  and  which  was  kindly  lent  to  me 
by  one  whose  generous  promptitude  in  such  mat- 
ters is  well  known,  —  Mr.  John  Bruce,  F.S.A.,  — 
when  I  was  engaged  in  a  biographical  Sketch  of 
Theodore,  to  be  enrolled  among  Monarchs  re- 
tired from  Business.  JOHN  DORAN. 

ARMS  WANTED  (2nd  S.  ix.  80.  125.)  —  Has  not 
your  correspondent  transposed  the  tinctures  by 
mistake  ?  If  so,  two  bars  sable  within  an  orle  of 
six  martlets  gules,  is  the  coat  of  Paynell,  co. 
Hants  and  Sussex.  See  Mr.  Papworth's  Or- 
dinary, p.  29.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

ST.  THOMAS  OF  HEREFORD  (2nd  S.  ix.  77.)  —  It 
seems  probable  that  Lancashire,  in  A.  Butler's 
Life  of  Saint  Thomas  Cantilupe,  .is  a  misprint,  or 
a  mistake  for  Lincolnshire.  Bp.  Challoner,  in  his 
Britannia  Sancta,  says  that  St.  Thomas  was  born 
at  llameldone  in  Lincolnshire,  a  manor  belong- 
ing to  his  father.  But  there  is  a  mistake  here 
alr-o.  An  eminent  antiquary  still  living,  wrote 
under  the  signature  of"  CLERICUS"  a  correctorium 
of  Alban  Butler's  Life  of  this  Saint,  in  a  periodi- 
cal called  the  Weekly  Register  —  not  the  news- 
paper now  so  called  —  w'hieh  appeared  in  the 
number  for  October  13,  1849,  and  in  which  he 


corrects  some  mistakes,  and  supplies  some  omis- 
sions. He  affirms  that  St.  Thomas  was  born  at 
Hambleden  in  Buckinghamshire  [Bollandus,  Actt. 
Sanctorum,  torn,  i.,  Oct.,  p.  539.]  ;  and  having 
been  then  in  the  diocese  of  Lincoln,  may  have  led 
Bp.  Challoner  to  place  it  in  Lincolnshire.  But  as 
there  is  no  such  place  in  that  county,  and  the 
name  so  nearly  corresponds,  it  may  be  safely  in- 
ferred that  this  was  the  real  place  of  the  Saint's 
nativity.  F.  C.  H. 

"  MY  EYE  AND  BETTY  MARTIN  "  (2nd  S.  ix. 
72.) — Will  PISHEY  THOMPSON  be  kind  enough  to 
inform  me  how  he  renders  in  English  his  origin 
of  the  above  phrase  ?  "  Mihi  et  Beati  Martini," 
he  says.  I  am  at  a  loss  how  to  take  the  et  after 
mihi.  Might  not  "  mihi  fides  beati  Martini,'"  or 
even  "  mihi  et  beato  Martino?  be  better  than 
"  Mihi  et  beati  Martini  ?  "  IGNORAMUS. 

DONNYBROOK  NEAR  DUBLIN  (2nd  S.  viii.  129.)  — 

1.  Holingshed,   in   his    Chronicle,    mentions    a 
Bishop  "Donat,"  who  held  the  See  of  Dublin 
under  Prince  Chritius.      Though  merely  a  con- 
jecture on  my  part,  may  I  venture  to  suggest  to 
ABHBA  the  plausibility  of  finding  in  the  name  of 
this  bishop  the  etymology  he  requires  :  "  Donat's 
broke"? 

2.  Or,  has  the  name  anything  to  do  with  the 
Danes  ? 

3.  On  the  roll  of  Scoto-Irish  kings  appears  the 
name  "  Donnachus."     Compare  this  with  the  old 
form  given  in  the  Registrum  Prioratus,  "Done- 
nachbrok."     I  have  by  me  a  poem  on  "  Donny- 
brook,"  written  in  the  last  century,  which  I  shall 
be  happy  to  forward  to  ABHBA  if  he  will  send  me 
his  address.     I  believe  I  am  already  in  his  debt. 

C.  LE  POER  KENNEDY. 
St.  Albans. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

Twelve  Years  in  China.  The  People,  the  Rebels,  and  the 
Mandarins.  By  a  British  Resident.  With  Illustrations. 
(T.  Constable  &  Co.) 

At  a  moment  like  the  present,  when  attention  is  so 
strongly  directed  to  China  and  to  the  nature  of  our 
future  relations  with  that  vast  empire,  this  volume  is 
peculiarly  well  timed.  Mr.  Scarth,  the  author,  describes 
in  a  very  amusing  and  graphic  manner,  and  illustrates 
very  ably,  his  Chinese  experiences  during  a  residence  of 
twelve  years  in  the  Celestial  Empire.  His  views  as  to 
the  policy  which  has  been  already  adopted,  and  which 
ought  hereafter  to  be  pursued  with  reference  to  the  Chi- 
nese, are  directly  opposed  to  those  of  Sir  John  Bowring 
and  Mr.  Oliphant:  and  there  is  much  truth  in  his  re- 
mark, that  these  frequent  wars  in  China  are  dangerous, 
since  not  only  do  the  Chinese  learn  the  art  of  warfare  by 
experience,  but  their  climate  is  as  powerful  an  enemy  as 
their  soldiers.  Mr.  Scarth's  sketch-book,  which  proved 
so  invaluable  a  passport  to  him  in  China,  has  enabled 
him  to  add  greatly  to  the  value  of  his  book  by  charac- 
teristic illustrations. 


172 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAR.  3.  '60. 


Histoire  Litteraire  des  Fous.  Par  Octave  Delepierre. 
(Trubner  &  Co.) 

We  know  no  one  better  qualified  to  work  out  the  bib- 
liography of  a  quaint  idea  with  sound  knowledge  and  good 
judgment,  than  the  author  of  the  present  little  volume, 
in  which  M.  Delepierre  treats  of  many  a  writer  well 
known  and  little  known,  to  whom  may  litly  be  applied 
the  lines  of  Dryden :  — 

"  He  raves ;  his  words  are  loose 
As  heaps  of  sand,  and  scatter'd  wide  from  sense ; 
So  high  he's  mounted  on  his  airy  throne, 
That  now  the  wind  has  got  into  his  head, 
And  turns  his  brains  to  frenzy." 

M.  Delepierre  discourses  first  of  Theologians  who  have 
been  mad  — then  of  Students  of  Belles  Lettres  who  have 
shared  their  infirmity  —  next  of  those  devoted  to  Philo- 
sophy and  Science — and  then  of  Politicians.  The  second 
part  of  the  book  is  devoted  to  Biography  and  Biblio- 
graphy—  and  the  whole  forms  a  pleasant  gossiping  illus- 
tration of  how  much  of  method  is  in  madness  found. 

Notes  on  Nursing.  What  it  is,  and  What  it  is  not.  By 
Florence  Nightingale.  (Harrison.) 

Miss  Nightingale,  with  all  her  experience,  hardly  ever 
saw  one  instance  of  intentional  kindness  to  the  sick : 
how  much  cruelty  she  has  seen  through  thoughtlessness 
and  want  of  knowledge,  may  be  read  in  every  page  of 
this  most  valuable  work.  Miss  Nightingale's  services  in 
the  Crimea  were  most  extraordinary;  but  -we  doubt 
whether  they  were  exceeded  by  those' which  she  has 
rendered  by  the  publication  of  these  Notes.  As  she  well 
says :  "  Every  woman  must,  at  some  time  or  other  of  her 
life,  become  a  nurse,"  —  therefore  say  we,  for  the  sake  of 
her  patients,  "  Every  woman  should  read,  nay  study, 
Miss  Nightingale's  NOTES  ON  NURSING." 

We  have  received  the  first  three  parts  of  A  General 
History  of  Hampshire.  By  B.  B.  Woodward,  Esq.,  F.S.  A. 
Illustrated  with  Maps,  Views,  Portraits,  Sfc.  Mr.  Wood- 
ward well  remarks  that,  important  as  Hampshire  is  with 
regard  to  extent,  population,  and  historical  interest, 
comprising  within  its  limits  a  cathedral  town,  a  great 
naval  arsenal,  a  mercantile  port  of  eminence,  and  that 
island  the  favourite  resort  of  metropolitan  tourists  and 
the  seat  of  Her  Majesty's  marine  residence,  it  has  re- 
ceived but  little  attention  from  the  topographical  his- 
torian. This  deficiency  Mr.  Woodward  is  about  to  supply, 
and,  if  we  may  judge  from  the  three  parts  here  before  us, 
in  a  way  to  satisfy  a  very  large  class  of  readers ;  all,  in- 
deed, who  feel  an  interest  in  the  history  of  the  county. 
The  work  is  publishing  in  monthly  parts  at  2s.  Gd.  each, 
and  when  completed  will  form  three  handsome  quarto 
volumes. 

The  Cornhill  Magazine  has  clearly  become  one  of  the 
established  institutions  of  the  country.  The  Editor's  own 
story  of  "  Level  the  Widower,"  Mr.  Trollope's  "  Framley 
Parsonage,"  and  Mr.  Sala's  clever  dissertations  on  that 
thoroughly  English  painter  and  humorist  "  William 
Hogarth,""  are  alone  sufficient  to  secure  success  —  to  say 
nothing  of  the  varied  character  of  the  many  able  papers 
by  which  they  are  accompanied.  Macmillan's  Magazine, 
which  was  two  months  in  the  field  before  The  Cornhill 
made  its  appearance,  is  a  worthy  rival  in  the  race  for 
popularity.  It  is  somewhat  graver  in  its  general  charac- 
ter, but  is  replete  with  instructive  and  well-written 
papers.  "  Tom  Brown  at  Oxford  "  goes  on  swimmingly : 
and  among  the  best  papers  in  the  number  we  may  men- 
tion "The  Grenvilles,"  "English  Etymology,"  and  that 
by  the  Rev.  J.  W.  Blakesley  on  "The  Suez  Canal." 

"  Our  readers  will  be  glad'to  hear  that  a  translation  of 
that  valuable  record  of  the  social  state  of  this  great 
metropolis,  the  Liber  Albus,  is  preparing  for  immediate 
publication  by  the  Editor,  Mr.  H.  T.  Riley. 


Mr.  Bentley  has  issued  proposals  for  a  limited  edition, 
on  large  paper,  of  Horace  Walpole's  Letters.  What  a 
book  for  illustrating ! 


BOOKS     AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  thfi  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
;he  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  ami  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose. 

LIFE    OP    ROBERT    FULTON,  THE  BEGINNER    OF  STEAM    NAVIGATION  IN 

AMERICA,  by  Cadwallader  1>.  Golden. 
GFORGE  Fox's  (founder  of  the  Quakers)  JOURNALS,   CORRESPONDENCE, 

and  other  Writings. 

HISTORY  ox  THE  LIFE  OF  THOMAS  ELLWOOD. 
PKNN'S  RISE  AND  PROORKSS  OF  THE  QUAKERS. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  J.  S.  Watson,  Grammar  School,  Sloekwell,  Surrey. 


HONE'S  YKAR  BOOK.    Original  Edition. 

Wanted  by  J.  G.  Morten,  Mayfleld  House,  Chcain,  Surrey. 


ELLIOTT'S  HOUJB  APOCALYPTIC.**!.    4  Vols.    8vo.    1851. 
CAMrnr,j.i,'s  POLITICAL  ECONOMY. 
SMITH'S  ORACLF.S  FROM  THE  POETS.    Two  copies. 
PUCKLE'S  SERMONS.    Vol.  I. 
SACRED  POEMS  FOR  MOURNERS. 
FORBFS'S  ALPS  OF  SAVOY,  ETC.    Royal  8 vo. 

RICHARDSON'S  PAMELA,  SIR  CHARLES  GRANDISON,  AND  CLARISSA  HAR- 
LOWE. 

Wanted  by  Messrs.  Rivingtons,  Waterloo  Place,  S.W. 


PCOIN'S  EXAMPLES  OF  GOTHIC  ARCHITECTURE.    Vols.  II.  and  III. 
Wanted  by  Mr.  Dixon, "  Euglish  Churchman  "  Office,  Fleet 
Street,  E.G. 

VAUOH'AN'S  SERMONS  ON  THE  PERSONALITY  OF  THE  TEMPTER. 
FAREWELL  TO  TIME;  or,  last  Views  of  Life  and  Prospects  of  Immorta- 
ity.    Published  first  in  Edinburgh,  and  by  Simpkin  &  Co.,  London. 


lity. 


Wanted  by  W.  Skeffington,  163.  Piccadilly,  W. 


to 


Among  many  papers  of  great  interest  which  we  have  been  com/pelled  to 
postpone,  ive  may  mention  one  by  T.  W.  King,  Esq.,  York  Herald,  on  An 
ated  Effi 


Unappropri 

General  Elliot,  relative  to  the  Siege  of  Gibraltar,  from  the  original  in 


An  Inedited  Letter  of 


Effigy  in  Tewkesbury  Church;  Ai 

lative  to  the  Siege  of  Gibraltar,  _ 

the  possession  of  Robert  Cole,  Esg. ;  and  The  Gunpowder  Plot  Papers. 

R.  INOLIS  (Glasgow.)  Will  our  correspondent  state  where  a  letter  will 
find  him? 

E.  H.  B.    Our  correspondent  has  only  the  second  edition  of  the  first 
volume  of  Petri  Victorii  Variarum  Lectionum,  Libri  xxv.    Lugduni, 
1554.    The  first  edition  was  printed  at  Flm-ence,  1553,  fol.    The  second 
volume  Variarum  Lectionum  lib.  xiii.  novi  libri.  Junta;,  1569,  4to.    The 
thirty  -eight  books  were  reprinted   together  at  Flor.,  Juntce,  1562,  fol., 

ivhich  Brunei  states  sells  from  six  to  twelve  francs We  regret  not 

being  able  to  find  space  for  a  comparison  of  other  editions  of  the  Eikon 
Basilike. 

R.  E.  C.  The  number  of  letters  and  words  in  the  Bible  is  given  in  our 
2ndS.  vii.481. 

Z.  We  are  unable  to  get  a  sight  of  the  Memoir  of  the  Rev.  Nicholas 
Bull. 

CATO.  For  the  story  of  the  birth  c/365  children  by  the  Countess  ofHen- 
nesberg,  see  our  2nd  S.  vii.  260. 

F.  R.  S.  S.  A.    For  the  origin  of  the  expression  "  Mind  your  P's  and 
Q's,"  see  our  1st  S.  vols.  iii.,  iv.,  and  vi. 

E.  A.  B.  The  old  aristocracy  of  Preston  were  so  exceedingly . fashion- 
able that  it  was  vulgarly  called  "  Proud  Preston."  See  W.  Sidney  Gib- 
son's Dilston  Hall,  p.  72.,  and  "  N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  vi.  496. 

TUBAL  CAIN.  Several  autographs  of  Dean  Swift  are  in  the  7Jriti.<h 
Museum,  and  an  excellent  facsimile  of  one  will  be  found  in  N  ether  i-Ji  ft'. < 
Hand-Book  of  Autographs,  Part  II. 

W.  DAVENSTOCK.  We  cannot  state  the  value  of  the  books,  so  much  de- 
pends upon  their  condition.  Most  of  them,  we,  think,  arc  rare. 

R.  T.  S.  Three  valuable  articles  on  early  English  Dictionaries  will  be 
found  in  our  1st  S.  xi.  122.  167.  208. 

G.  W.  M.    A  Sketch  of  the  Materials  for  a  new  History  of  Cheshire 
is  by  Fooie  Gower,  M.D.    The  third  edition  of  it,  with  a  new  Preface  by 
J .  II  'i/kinson,  was  published  in  1800.    Some  particulars  of  the  Cheshire 

MSS.are  given  in  Ormerod's  Cheshire,  Preface,  vol.  i.  pp.  xi.-xx 

HanshaWs  History   of  Cheshire  is  neither  in  the  British  Museum  nor 
Bodleian.    Russell  Smith  of  Soho  Square  may  probably  be  able  to  find  a 
copy. 

"  NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  alao 
issued  in  MONTHLI  PARTS.  The  subsaription  for  STAMPED  COPJES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  11s.  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
f,<n»ir  of  MESSRS.  BELL  ANP  DALDV-^86.  FLEET  STREET,  E.C.j  to  whom 
all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  THB  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


IX.  MAE,3."'60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[ESTABLISHED  1841.] 

MEDICAL,   INVALID,   AND   GENERAL  LIFE 
OFFICE,  25.  Pall  Mall,  London.  -  Empowered  by  special  Act  of 
lament. 

At  the  EIGHTEENTH  ANNUAL  MEETING,  held  on  the 
24th  November,  1859,  it  was  shown  that  on  the  30th  June 
last,  — 

The  Number  of  Policies  in  force  was      -       -       -    6,110 
The  Amount  Insured  was          -       -    2,601,9257.  10*.  8d. 
The  Annual  Income  was       -       -       -    121,2637.    7*.  7d. 
The  new  business  transacted   during  the   last   5  •  years 
amounts  to  2,482,798?.  16s.  lid.,  showing  an  average  yearly 
amount  of  new  business  of  nearly 

HALF  A  reXXiX.ZOar   STERillJC. 
The  Society  has  paid  for  claims  by  death,  since  its  esta- 
blishment in  1841,  no  less  a  sum  than  503,619^. 

HEALTHY  LIVES.--  Assurances  are  effected  at  home  or  abroad  at 
as  moderate  rates  as  the  im»t  recent  data  will  allow. 

INDIA.  —  Ofliccrs  in  tlu>  Army  and  civilians  proceeding  to  India. 
may  insure  their  lives  on  the  most  favourable  terms  and  every  possible 
facility  is  afforded  for  the  transaction  of  business  in  Iudi;i. 

NAVAL  MEN  AND  MASTER  MARINERS  are  assured  at  equita- 
ble rates  for  life,  or  fur  a  voyage. 

VOLUNTEERS.  —No  extra  charee  for  persons  serving  in  any  Vo- 
lunteer or  Hiile  Corps  within  the  United  Kingdom. 

RESIDENCE  ABROAD  __  Greater  facilities  given  for  residence  in  the 
Colonies,  &c.,  than  by  most  other  Companies. 

INVALID  LIVES  assured  on  scientifically  constructed  tables  based 
on  extensive  data,  and  a  reduction  in  the  premium  is  made  when  the 
causes  for  an  increased  rate  of  premium  have  ceased. 

STAMP  DUTY.  —  Policies  issued  free  of  every  charge  but  the  pre- 
miums. 

Every  information  may  be  obtained  at  the  chief  office,  or  on  applica- 
tion to  any  of  the  Society's  agents. 

C.  DOUGLAS  SINGER,  Secretary. 

"BROWN  &  POLSON'S 

PATENT    CORN-     FX.OUR, 

Preferred  to  the  best  Arrowroot. 

DELICIOUS  in  PUDDINGS,  CCSTARDS,  BLANCMANGE,  CAKE,  &c., 
and  especially  suited  to  the  delicacy  of 

CHILDREN  AND  INVALIDS. 
"THIS  is  SUPERIOR  TO  ANYTHING  op  THE  KIND  KNOWN."  —  Lancet. 

Obtain  it  where  inferior  articles  are  not  substituted, 

From  Grocers,  Chemists,  Confectioners,  and  Corn  Dealers. 

PAISLEY,  DUBLIN,  MANCHESTER,  and  LONDON. 

MRIZE    MEDAL    LIQUID    HAIR   DYE. 
ONLY    ONE    APPLICATION. 


INSTANTANEOUS, 

INDELIBLE, 
HARMLESS, 

and 

SCENTLESS. 

,  POST  FHEE,  3s.  3d.  &  6s,,  direct  from  E.  F.  LANGDALE'S 
atory  ,  72.  Hatton  Garden,  London  ,  E.C. 


Labor 


"  Mr.  Lanedale's  preparations  are,  to  our  mind,  the  most  extra- 
ordinary productions  of  modern  chemistry."— Illustrated  London  News, 
July  19, 1851. 

A  long  and  interesting  report  on  the  Products  of  E.  F.  Langdale's 
Laboratory,  l>y  a  Special  Scientific  Commission  from  the  Editor  of  the 
Lancet,  will  be  found  in  that  Journal  of  Saturdays  January  10th,  1857. 
A  Copy  will  be  forwarded  for  Two  Stamps. 


AGENTS    WANTED. 


XHE  NEW  DISCOVERY.  —  For  the  Eestoration 
and  Reproduction  of  the  Hair.      Mr.  Langdale  guarantees   his 
i:  of  CAN  THARIDES  most  successful  as  a  Restora- 
tive, also  in  checking  Greyness,  strengthening  Weak  Hair,  and  pre- 
'ulliiii,'  off,   most  effectual   in  the  growth  of  Whiskers. 
Moustachiot,  ,tc.    The  money  immediately  returned,  if  not  effectual. 

n  S;amps.    Laboratory.  7-'.  Hatton  Garden,  E.C. 
'.DALE'S    RASPBERRY    AND    CHERRY    TOOTH 
deliciotu  preparation  ever  produced  for  the  Teeth, 
•ind  Breath.    Post  Free  from  the  Laboratory,  Ti.  Hatton  Gar- 
den,  f'»r  l.s.  'Ail.  in  Stamps. 


XII  E  AQUARIU  M.  LLOY  D'S  l  DESCRIPTIVE 
and  ILLUSTRATED  LIST  of  whatever  relates  to  the  AQUA- 
ly,  Pi-ire  l.«.  ;  or  by  Post  for  Fourteen  Stamps.  128 
b.  -nts. 

.ALk'UKD  l.l.ov  i  IA.  rortlamlRoud,  Regent's 

Park,  London,  W, 


UNITED   KINGDOM 

LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  LONDON, 

S.W. 

The  Hon.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  Esq.,  Deputy  Chairman. 

FOURTH  DIVISION  OF  PROFITS. 

SPECIAL  NOTICE.-Parties  desirous  of  participating  in  the  fourth 
division  of  profits  to  be  declared  on  all  policies  effected  prior  to  the  31st 
December  next  year,  should,  in  order  to  enjoy  the  same,  make  imme- 
diate application.  There  have  already  been  three  divisions  of  profits, 
and  the  bonuses  divided  have  averaged  nearly  2  per  cent,  per  annum  on 
the  sums  assured,  or  from  30  to  100  per  cent,  on  the  premiums  paid, 
without  imparting  to  the  recipients  the  risk  of  copartnership,  as  is  the 
case  in  mutual  societies. 

To  show  more  clearly  what  these  bonuses  amount  to,  three  following 
cases  are  put  forth  as  examples  : 

Sum  Insured.        Bonuses  added.         Amount  payable  up  to  Dec.,  1861 . 
£5,000  £1,987  10s.  •        £6,987  10s. 

1.000  397  10s.  1,397  10s. 

100  39  15S.  139  15s. 

Notwithstanding  these  large  additions,  the  premiums  are  on  the 
lowest  scale  compatible  with  security  for  the  payment  of  the  policy  when 
death  arises;  in  addition  to  which  advantages,  one  half  of  the  premiums 
may,  if  desired,  for  the  term  of  five  years,  remain  unpaid  at  5  per  cent, 
interest,  the  other  half  being  advanced  by  the  company  without  security 
or  deposit  of  the  policy. 

The  Assets  of  the  Company  at  the  3 1st  December,  1858,  exclusive  of 
the  large  subscribed  Capital,  amounted  to  £652,618  3s.  10d.,  all  of  which 
has  been  invested  in  Government  and  other  approved  securities. 

No  charge  for  Volunteer  Military  Corps  whilst  serving  in  the  United 
Kingdom. 

Policy  Stamps  paid  by  the  Office. 

Immediate  application  should  be  made  to  the  Resident  Director,  8. 
Waterloo  Place,  Pall  Mall.-By  order, 

P.  MACINTYRE,  Secretary. 


WESTERN    LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 
ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON, S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1842. 


f.  Lucas,  Esq. 
. B.  Mai-Bcn-Esq, 
A.  Robinson,  Esq. 
J.L.Seager.Esq. 
J.B.White.Esq, 


Directors. 

H.  E.  Bicknell.Esq. 
T.  S.  Cocks,  Esq. 
G.  H.Drew, Esq. M.A. 
W.  Freeman,  Esq. 
F.Fuller.Esq. 
J.  H.Goodhart.EsQ. 

Physician.-W.  R.  Basham.M.D. 

Bankers — Messrs.  Cocks,  Biddulph.andCo. 

Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  this  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  paying  a  Premium,  as  permission  is  given  upon 
application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  the  con- 
ditions detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

LOANS  from  100L  to  500Z.  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 
Security. 

Attention  is  also  invited  to  the  rates  of  annuity  granted  to  old  lives* 
for  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 
Example :  100Z.  cash  paid  down  purchases — An  annuity  of— 

10   4    o' to  a  male  life  aged  60) 
12    3    1  „  65 1  Payable  as  long 

14  16    3  „  70  f    as  he  is  alive. 

75J 


Now  ready,  10th  Edition,  price  7s.  6d.,  of 

MR.     SCRATCHLEY'S     MANUAL,     on 

FRIENDLY  SOCIETIES,  with  RULES,  TABLES,  and  an  EXPO- 
SITION of  the  TRUE  LAW  OF  SICKNESS. 

SHAW  &  SONS,  Fetter  Lane  ;  and  LAYTONS,  150.  Fleet  Street,  E.C. 


INTRODUCER    OF  THE   SOUTH    AFRICAN 

JL    PORT,  SHERRY,  &c.,  20a.  per  dozen,  BOTTLES  INCLUDED, 

an  advantage  greatly  appreciated  by  the  Public  and  a  constantly  in- 
creasing connexion,  saving  the  great  annoyance  of  returning  them. 

A  PINT  SAMPLE  OF  BOTH  FOR  24  STAMPS. 

WINE  JN  CASK  forwarded  Free  to  any  Railway  Station  in  England. 
EXCELSIOR  BRANDY,  Pale  or  Brown,  15s.  per  gallon,  or  30s.  per 

dozen. 

TERMS,  CASH.    Country  Orders  must  contain  a  remittance,     does 
cheques  "  Bank  of  London."    Price  Lists  forwarded  on  application. 
JAMES  L.  DENJVIAN,  65.  Fenchurch  Street,corner  of  Railway  Place, 
London,  E.C. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  MAK  3.  '60. 


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NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

A  MEDIUM   OF   INTER-COMMUNICATION 

FOB 

LITERARY  MEN,   ARTISTS,   ANTIQUARIES,   GENEALOGISTS,  ETC. 

"  When  found,  make  a  note  of." — CAPTAIN  CUTTLE, 


No.  219.] 


SATURDAY,  MARCH  10.  1860. 


?  Price  Fourpence. 
Stamped  Edition,  5d. 


/THE  GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE  for  MARCH 

JL    (2s.  6d. )  contains  — 
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London:  J.  H.  &  J.  PARKER,  377.  Strand,  W.C. 

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_  American,  &c. 
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Office,  377.  Strand,  London,  W.C. 

THE   IMPEACHMENT   OP   WARREN   HASTINGS. 

Now  ready,  VOLS.  I.  and  II.  in  8vo.  price  11  each,  cloth. 
Q  PEECHES  of  the  MANAGERS  and  COUNSEL 
O  in  the  Trial  of  WARREN  HASTINGS.  Edited  by 
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Museum.  Printed  for  H.M.'s  Stationery  Office,  and  pub- 
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IBntanmca; 

A  DICTIONARY  OF  THE  FAMILY  NAMES  OF  THE  UNITED 
KINGDOM. 

By  MARK  ANTONY  LOWER,  M.A.,  F.S.A. 

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WHAT  WILL  THIS  COST  TO  PRINT?  is  a 
thought  often  occurring  to  literary  minds,  public  characters,  and 
persons  of  benevolent  intentions.  An  immediate  answer  to  the  in- 
quiry may  be  obtained,  on  application  to  RICHARD  BARRETT, 
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furnished  with  a  large  and  choice  assortment  of  TYPES,  STITAM  PRINTING 
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NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


IX.  MAK.  10.  '60. 


SILVER     MINES     OF    NORWAY.  —EAST 
KONGSBERG  NATIVE  SILVER  MINING   COMPANY  OF 

NORWAY  (Limited). 

Incorporated  under  the  Joint-stock  Companies  Acts,  1856,  1857,1858. 
Capital,  £150,000,  in  30,000  Shares  of  *5  each. 

Deposit,  5*.  per  share  on  application,  and  6s.  per  share  on  allotment. 
Future  calls,  if  required,  not  to  exceed  10s.  per  share,  and  not  to  be 
made  at  less  intervals  than  three  months. 


.  PEMBERTON,  York  House,  Chertsey. 

William  Barnard  Bod.ly,  Esq.,  M.D..  Saville  Row,  Walworth. 
John  C.  Fuller,  Ksq.,  Woodlands,  Isleworth. 
EdwarO  A.  Lamb,  £sq.,Iden  Park,  Rye,  Sussex. 
James  Lawrie,  Esq.,  S3,  Lombard  Street. 

BANKBRs.-The  City  Bank  ,  Threadneedle  Street,  E.G. 

SOLICITOR—  James  Bourdilloi,  Esq.  ,30.  Great  Winchester  Street,  B.C. 
CONSISTING  ENOINKEH  —  John  Hamilton  Clement,  Esq.,  F.G.S. 
BROKEn-Frederick  Everett,  Esq.,  17.  and  18.  Royal  Exchange. 

SECBETART-MR.  GEORGE  SEARBY. 
Offices—No.  35.  MOORGATE  STREET,  E.G. 

This  Company  has  obtained  an  exc'usive  grant  from  the  Norwegian 
Government  of  upwards  of  56,000  acres,  part  ot  the  Kongsberg  Silver 
Mines,  so  successfully  worked  by  the  Government  for  many  years  past, 
and  reckoned  the  most  impoitarit  for  native  silver  in  Europe. 

Some  idea  of  the  results  to  be  obtained  by  an  extensive  and  energetic 
development  of  this  property  may  be  formed  from  the  fact  that  the 
King's  Mines,  worked  by  the  Government,  have,  in  some  years,  yielded 
a  clear  profit  of  upwards  of  s6iO,000;  the  averajre  net  profit  for  the 
last  25  years  has  been  £14.000;  the  aggreeate  returns  for  the  sama 
period  being  £1.3;  7,7-  9;  and  as  much  as  £i,ono  worth  ot  pure  native 
silver  having  been  disclosed  at  a  single  blast.  This  Company  has 
already  opened  on  its  property  upwards  of  30  mines  containing  silver, 
which  on  y  require  the  en  ctiun  of  suitable  stamping  and  washing  ma- 
chint  ry  to  render  the  produce  immediately  available,  so  that  an  almost 
immediate  result  may  be  anticipated  on  commencing  the  works. 

It  is  confidently  expected  that  no  call  will  be  required  beyond  the 
10s.  per  share.  It  the  experience  of  the  King's  Mines  is  a  fair  criterion, 
its  judicious  expenditure  ought  to  realise  profits  at  the  rate  of  400  per 
cent. 

Detailed  reports  of  J.  H.  Clement,  Esq.  (who  has  been  twenty-seven 
years  at  the  silver  mines  in  Mexico  and  Spain),  and  Mr.  Fries,  at  the 
present  time  superintendent  of  one  of  the  Government  mines  at  Thons- 
berg,  as  well  as  extracts  from  the  reports  of  the  Directors  of  the  Govern- 
ment mines,  with  a  number  of  official  documents  and  plans,  have  been 
embodied  in  a  pamphlet,  which  may  be  had  at  the  offices. 

Application  lor  Srmres  may  be  made  in  the  usual  form  to  the  Broker 
or  Secretary,  at  the  offices  of  the  Company,  of  whom  prospectuses  may 
be  had. 

ACHROMATIC  MICROSCOPES.  —  SMITH, 
BECK  &  BECK,  MANUFACTURING  OPTICIANS,  6.  Cole- 
man  Street,  London,  E.C.  have  received  the  COUNCIL  MEDAL  of 
the  GREAT  EXHIBITION  of  1851,  and  the  FIRST-CLASS  PRIZE 
MEDAL  of  the  PARIS  EXHIBITION  of  1855,  "For  the  excellence 
of  their  Microscopes." 

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B 


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NOTES    AND    QUERIES: 


LITERARY  MEN,   ARTISTS,  ANTIQUARIES, 

GENEALOGISTS,  ETC. 
Price  4rf.  unstamped ;  or  5d.  stamped. 


CONTENTS  OF  No.  218.  —  MARCH  SRD. 

NOTES :  —  Richard  Thomson  of  Clare  Hall  —  Anderson 
Papers—  J*epys's  Manuscripts  —  Old  Scotch  Gentry  — 

MINOR  NOTES  :  —  Dr.  Samuel  Pan*  —  The  Coif  —  Baptism* 
Names  — The  Rev.  Christopher  Love  — The  First 
ters  —  Dock  and  Custom-house  Business. 

QUERIES:  —  George  Fox's  Will  —  Jesuit  Epigram  on 
Church  of  England,  temp.  Car.  I.  —  Fitzwilliam  Family,  of 
Merrion  —  Fisher  Family— Irish  Kings  Knighted— Geo. 
Middleton's  MSS.— -Burrows  Family  —  George  Adams, 
M.A.  — Fletcher  Family —Major  Rogers  —Field  Family  — 
Fye  Bridge,  Norwich  —  Huttner's  Autographs  —  John 
Farrington  —  Pig-tails  and  Powder  —  The  Lady's  and 
Gentleman's  Skulls  —  Bishop  Gibson's  Wife  —  Trinity 
Corporation  —  Brighton  Pavilion. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  —  Grub  Street  —  Saint  Uncum- 
ber— Ter-Sanctus  —  Roman  Military  Oath  — Greek  MS. 
Play  — "The  Female  Volunteer." 

REPLIES:  — The  De  Hungerford  Inscription  and  its  In- 
dulgences —  Elucidation  of  Durie  Clavie  at  Burghead, 
—Playing  Cards  —  "  Vestigia  imlla  retrorsum  "—  Dinner 
Etiquette  —  "  Beause'ant,"  Etymology  of — Colonel  Fre- 
derick, son  of  Theodore,  King  of  Corsica—  Arms  Wanted 

—  St.  Thomas  of  Hereford  —  "  My  Eye  and  Betty  Martin  " 

—  Donnybrook  near  Dublin. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


A  few  Sets  of  NOTES  AND  QUERIES :  _ 

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Second  Series,  Vols.  I.  to  VIII.,  47.  4*.  cloth  ;  and 

General  Index  to  First  Series,  price  5a.  cloth,  bds.  may  still  be  had. 


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s  in  all  classes  of  Literature,  including  Works  on  Natural  History, 
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&c. 

WILLIAM  DAWSON  &  SONS,  74.  Cannon  Street,  City,  London.  E.G. 

(Ehtablished  1809.) 


/CHRONICLES  OF  THE   ANCIENT  BRITISH 

\J    CHURCH,  previous  to  the  Arrival  of  St.  Augustine,  A.  D.  696. 
Second  Edition.    PostSvo.    Price  5*.  cloth. 

"  An  excellent  manual,  containing  a  large  amount  of  information 
on  a  subject  little  known,  and  still  less  understood.  We  recommend 
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tutions and  advantages  of  our  remote  ancestors."  —  ClericalJoumal, 
August  22, 1855. 

"  The  study  of  our  early  ecclesiastical  history  has  by  some  been  con- 
sidered one  of  great  labour  ;  but  a  little  work,  entitled  'Chronicles  of 
the  Ancient  British  Church,'  has  so  collected  the  material  from  th< 
many  and  various  sources,  and  has  so  judiciously  classified  and  con- 
densed the  records,  that  there  is  no  longer  this  plea.  We  recommend 
the  work  not  only  to  every  student,  but  to  every  churchman  who  feel* 
an  interest  in  the  early  history  of  his  church."  —  Literary  Churchman, 
June  16, 1855. 

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2««S.  IX.  MAR.  10.  '60.31 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


HISTORIES  OF  PUBLISHING  HOUSES. 

In  "  THE  CRITIC  "  for  MARCH  24,  will  be  given  Chap.  I.  of 

A  HISTORY  OF  THE  HOUSE  OF  LONGMAN, 

WITH   A  PORTRAIT  OF 

THE  LATE  THOMAS  NORTON  LONGMAN,  ESQ. 

(To  be  continued  Weekly.} 

The  Numbers  of  "  THE  CRITIC  "  for  January  contain  A  HISTORY  OF  THE  HOUSE  OF  MURRAY,  with  a  Portrait 
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19.  WELLINGTON  STREET  NORTH,  STRAND,  W.C. 


LIFE  OF  RUBENS. 

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ORIGINAL    UNPUBLISHED    PAPERS 

ILLUSTRATIVE   OF   THE  LIFE    OF 

SIR  PETER  PAUL   RUBENS. 

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Containing  many  important  and  valuable  Documents  respecting:  the 
Formation  of  the  Arundelian  Collection  of  Works  of  Art  ;  the 
Collection  of  Pictures  formed  by  Robert  Carr,  Earl  of  Somerset; 
the  purchase  of  "the  Great  Mantuan  Collection"  for  Charles  the 
First ;  and  also  in  relation  to  the  Artists  and  Patrons  of  Art  of 
that  period. 

COLLECTED  AND   EDITED   BY 

W.  NOEL  SAINSBURY  (of  Her  Majesty's  State  Paper 
Office). 

"  Mr.  Sainsbury  has  discovered  in  H.  M.  State  Paper  Office  docu- 
ments which  throw  additional  lisrht  on  Rubens'  character  and  per- 
formances ....  and  a  variety  of  particulars  informing  as  to  the 
acquisition  of  some  of  the  masterpieces  of  art  in  our  English  Collec- 
tions."— The  Tunes. 

"  It  is  a  volume  which  should  find  favour  with  the  public  at  large, 
for  iti  hero  belongs  to  us  all."  —  Athenaeum. 

"  Mr.  Sainsbury  has  been  labouring  in  the  State  Paper  Office  not  in 
vain.  His  volume  will,  among  other  things,  throw  a  light  on  the  in- 
troduction of  many  of  the  great  artist's  works  into  this  country,  as 
well  sg  on  his  connection  with  the  English  Court."  —Spectator. 

"  Mr.  Sainsbury  has  made  a  most  important  contribution  to  the  His- 
tory of  Art  in  this  country."  —  Illustrated  London  News. 

BRADBURY  &  EVANS,  II.  Bouverie  Street,  E.G. 


In  8vo.,  price  I0».  6d.,  the  Third  Edition  of 

THE   DARK    AGES  ;   a   Series   of  ESSAYS  in- 
tended to  Illustrate  the  State  of  RELIGION  and  LITERATURE 
in  the  9th,  10th,  llth,  and  12th  Centuries. 

By  the  REV.  8.  R.  MAITLAND,  D.D.,  F.R.S.,  &  F.S.A. 

Some  time  Librarian  to  the  late  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  and  Keeper 
of  the  MSS.  at  Lambeth. 

Also,  by  the  same  Author, 

1.  ESSAYS  on  the  REFORMATION  in  ENG- 
LAND.   13«. 

2.  EIGHT  ESSAYS  on  VARIOUS  SUBJECTS. 


3.  ERUVIN  ;  ESSAYS  on  Subjects  connected  with 

(he  NATURE,  HISTORY,  and  DESTINY  of  MAN.    Second  Edi- 

4.  FALSE  WORSHIP  ;  an  ESSAY.     5s.  Qd. 

5.  SUPERSTITION  AND  SCIENCE;  an 

ESSAY.    2». 

6.  CHATTERTON  ;  an  ESSAY.     3*.  6rf. 

RIVINQTONS,  Waterloo  Place. 


PHOTOGRAPHIC  ETCHING."— A  process 

L    useful  and  interesting  to  Artists  and  Scientific  men.  It  is  simple 

ifcracter,  requires  no  Camera  nor  expensive  apparatus  and  mav  be 

[  practiced.    M.  8TRUDWICK  will  send  his ToOK 

CTIONg  OH  the  subject  for  Eighteen  Stamps,  and  give 

pertonal  instruction  if  required—2,  Bolton  Terrace,  Newington  S. 


NOW  READY,  PRICE  SIX  SHILLINGS. 

SERMONS 

PREACHED   IN   WESTMINSTER: 

BY   THE 

REV.  C.  F.  SECRETAN, 
Incumbent  of  Holy  Trinity,  Vauxhall  Bridge  Road. 
The  Profits  will  be  given  to  the  Building  Fund  of  the  West- 
minster and  Pimlico   Church  of  England    Commercial 
School. 

CONTENTS : 


I.  The  Way  to  be  hapny. 
II.  The    Woman     taken     in 

Adultery. 

HI.  The  Two  Records  of  Crea- 
tion. 

IV.  The  Fall  and  the  Repent- 
ance of  Peter. 
V.  The  Good  Daughter. 
VI.  The  Convenient  Season. 
VI  I.  The  Death  of  the  Martyrs. 
VIII.  God  is  Love. 
IX.  St.    Paul's    Thorn  in  the 

Flesh. 
X.  Evil  Thoughts. 


XT.  Sins  of  the  Tongue. 
XII.  Youth  and  Age. 

XIII.  (  hrist  our  Rest. 

XIV.  The  Slavery  of  Sin. 
XV.  The  Sleep  of  Death. 

XVI.  David's  Sin  our  Warning. 
XVII.  The  Story  of  St.  John. 
XVIII.  The  Worship  of  the  Sera- 


XIX 


phim. 
Jose 


Toseph  an  Example  to  the 
Young. 
XX.  Home  Religion . 
XXI.  The  Latin  Service  of  the 
Romish  Church. 


"  Mr.  Secretan  is  a  pains-taking  writer  of  practical  theology.  Called 
to  minister  to  an  intelligent  middle-class  London  congregation,  he  has 
to  avoid  the  temptation  to  appear  abstrusely  intellectual, — a  great  error 
with  many  London  preachers,— &n>\  at  the  same  time  to  rise  above  the 
strictly  plain  sermon  required  by  an  unlettered  flock  in  the  country. 
He  has  hit  the  mean  with  complete  success,  and  produced  a  volume 
which  will  be  readily  bought  by  those  who  are  in  search  of  sermons  for 
family  readmz.  Out  of  twenty-one  discourses  it  is  almost  impossible 
to  give  an  extract  which  would  show  the  quality  of  the  rest,  but  while 
we  commend  them  as  a  whole,  we  desire  to  mention  with  especial  re- 
spect ore  on  the  '  Two  Records  of  Creation,'  in  which  the  vexata 
qucestio  of  '  Geology  and  Genesis '  i*  stated  with  great  perspicuity  and 
faithfulness;  another  on  '  Home  Religion,'  in  which  the  duty  of  the 
Christian  to  labour  for  the  salvation  of  his  relatives  and  friends  is 
strongly  enforced,  and  one  on  the '  Latin  Service  in  the  Romish  Church,' 
which  though  an  argumentative  sermon  on  a  point  of  controversy,  is 
perfectly  free  from  a  controversial  spirit,  and  treats  the  subject  with 
great  fairness  and  ability."— Literary  Churchman. 

"  They  are  earnest,  thoughtful,  and  practical  _  of  moderate  length 
and  well  adapted  for  families. "-English  Churchman. 

"  The  sermons  are  remarkable  for  their  'unadorned  eloquence'  and 
their  pure,  nervous  Saxon  sentences,  which  make  them  intelligible  to 
the  poorest,  and  pleasing  to  the  most  fastidious.  .  .  .  There  are  two 
wherein  Mr.  Secretan  displaysnot  only  eloquence  but  learning— that  or 
the  Mosaic  account  of  the  creation  as  reconcilable  with  the  revelation* 
of  geological  science,  and  that  on  the  Latin  service  of  the  Romish 
Church  — both  showing  liberality,  manliness,  and  good  sense."  — 
Morning  Chronicle. 

"  Mr.  Secretan  is  no  undistinguished  man  :  he  attained  a  considerable 
position  at  Oxford,  and  he  is  well  known  in  Westminster— where  he  has 
worked  for  many  years  —  no  less  as  an  indefatigable  and  selt-denyi: 
clergyman  than  as  an  effective  preacher.  These  sermons  are  extre 
plain  —  simple  and  pre-eminently  practical—  intelligible  to  the  poc. 
while  there  runs  through  them  a  poetical  spirit  and  many  touche 
the  highest  pathos  which  must  attract  intellectual  minds."—  We 
Jnau. 

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our  readers.  It  is  characterised  by  a  liberality  and  breadth  of  thought 
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thren, while  the  language  is  nervous,  racy  Saxon.  In  Mr.  Secretan's 
sermons  there  are  genuine  touches  of  feeling  and  pathos  which  are  im- 
pressive and  affecting  ;  _  notably  in  those  on  '  the  Woman  taken  in 
Adultery,'  and  on  '  Youth  and  Age.'  On  the  whole,  in  the  light  of  a 
contribution  to  sterling  English  literature,  Mr.  Secretan's  sermons  are 
worthy  of  our  commendation.'"—  Globe. 

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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


173 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  MARCH  10.  18GO. 


NO.  219.— CONTENTS. 

NOTES:  — The  Gunpowder  Plot  Papers,  173  — Unappro- 
priated Effigy  in  Tewkesbury  Church,  175— Original  Letter 
from  General  Eliott,  afterwards  Lord  Heathfleld,  176  — 
English  Etymologies,  177. 

MINOR  NOTES  :  — Technical  Memory  applied  to  the  Bible 

—  Slander  —  Bishop   Jeremy  Taylor's    Pulpit  — A  Roste 
Yerne  —  Robinson    Crusoe  Abridged  —  First    Hackney 
Coaches,  177. 

QUERIES :  —  Mr.  Bright  and  the  British  Lion— Dimidiated 
Coronets  — Cole  Arms— The  R  in  Prescriptions  —  Heral- 
dic—Flambard  Brass  at  Harrow  — Original  Quartos  of 
Shakspeare  —  Heights  of  Mountains  —  Portrait  of  Calverly 

—  Angels  dancing  on  Needles  —  Morton  Family  —  Thomas 
Ady  — Deacons'  Orders  and  Clerical  M.P.'s  —  Declension 
of  Nouns  by  internal  Inflexion  — Hospitals  for  Lepers, 
179. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWEES:  — Cleaning  Aquaria  — Earl  Nu- 
gent's  Lines  —  Bishop  Latimer  —  Tintagel  —  "A  wet 
sheet,"  &c.  —  "  The  Upper  Ten  Thousand,"  181. 

REPLIES  :  —  Colonel  Frederick,  183  —  A  Question  in  Logic, 
184  —  Gloucester  Custom,  185  —  jFictitious  Pedigrees: 
Butts  —  Nichols'  Leicestershire  —  "Don  Quixote"  in 
Spanish  —  Soiled  Books  —  Terminations  in  "  -ness  "  —  An- 
derson Family  — Decauatus  Christianitatis  —  Refreshment 
for  Clergymen  —  Supervisor :  Mistakes  in  reading  Old 
Documents  —  Pets  de  Religieuses  —  Crinoline :  "  Plon- 
Plon  "  — Crispin  Tucker  — Adam  de  Cardonnell  —  Dutch- 
born  Citizens  of  London  —  Archiepiscopal  Mitres  and 
Hats  —"Keek-handed  — Burial  in  a  sitting  Posture  — 
Songs  and  Poems  —  Gumption  —  Patroclus— Holding  up 
the  Hand — Les  Mysteres,  &c.  —  Calcuith,  &c.  175. 

Notes  on  Books. 


THE  GUNPOWDER  PLOT  PAPERS. 

On  the  discovery  of  the  plot,  Thomas  Percy, 
who  had  hired  the  house  adjoining  the  House  of 
Lords,  was  the  only  conspirator,  with  the  excep- 
tion of  Fawkes,  known  or  suspected  by  the  go- 
vernment. Fawkes  had  been  arrested  in  the 
cellar  about  midnight  of  the  4th  of  November,  and 
being  but  little  known,  was  at  first  interrogated 
very  closely  about  himself  and  his  companions. 
He  was  not  disinclined  to  be  communicative  about 
himself,  but  he  said  nothing  that  could  give  the 
slightest  clue  to  the  other  conspirators.  He  gives 
I  the  following  account  of  himself  in  his  first  ex- 
amination :  — 

"  The  Confession  of  John  Johnson,  Servaunt  to  Thomas 

Percy  esqr.  one  of  his  ma1*  pensioners  taken  this 

Tuesday  the  fifth  of  November  1605,  before  the 

L.  Cheif  Justice  of  England  and  Sir  Edward  Coke 

knight,  his  Mats.  Attorney  generall. 

1  Being  demanded*  when  he  went  beyond  the  seas ;  and 

f  he  did  to  what  parte  he   went :  Answereth  that  he 

(rent  beyond  the  seas  about  Easter  last,  and  toke  shipping 

Dover,  but  remembreth  not  in  whose  shippe  he  went, 

from  thence  to  Callice  and  from  Callice  he  went  to 

Omers,  and  was  in  the  Colledge  there,  and  from  thence 

•o  to  Brusels  and  staid  there  about  three  weeks,  and 

i  thence  went  to  Spinolaes  Camp  in  Flanders,  and  was 

re  about  three  weeks,  and  reseyved  no  paie  there,  and 

us  way  went  to  Dowa  to  the  Colledge  there,  and  from 

ce  returned  to  Brusells  and  remayned  there  about  a 


month,  and  saw  Sr.  Wm.  Stanley,  Hugh  Owen,  Greenway 
and  divers  other  Englishmen.  And  from  thence  he  went 
of  Pilgrimage  to  the  Lady  of  Montague  in  Brabant,  where 
he  was  twise  on  Pilgrimage,  all  alone."  * 

The  remaining  part  of  this  examination  is  pub- 
lished by  Mr.  Jardine  in  his  Trials,  vol.  ii.  p.  156. 
In  the  meantime  Percy  had  escaped.  He  was 
well  known  to  many  of  the  Council,  and  was  a 
relation  of  the  Earl  of  Northumberland's.  The 
government  therefore  were  exceedingly  anxious 
to  have  him  discovered.  A  proclamation  was 
issued  describing  him.  The  State  Paper  Office 
contains  many  letters  written  about  this  time  to 
Salisbury,  suggesting  the  road  he  was  likely  to 
have  taken.  Many  persons  who  knew  his  habits 
were  examined  ;  and  from  the  number  of  deposi- 
tions still  extant,  some  idea  of  the  anxiety  of  the 
government  to  apprehend  him  may  be  gathered. 
The  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  sent  the  following 
letter  to  the  Secretary  of  State :  — 

"  My  L.  I  am  informed  for  a  certayntie  that  Mr.  Tho. 
Percy  was  mett  this  morning  abowt  eight  of  the  clocke 
ryding  towards  Croydon :  by  one  Mathew  the  Hoast  of 
the  George  in  Croydon:  with  whom  ye  said  Pearecye 
having  good  acquaintance  demanded  of  the  Hoast,  what 
newes?  who  answeringe  he  had  heard  of  none;  no  quoth 
he :  All  London  is  up  in  Armes.  He  demanded  the  way 
to  Kingston ;  why,  said  Hoast,  you  are  three  miles  out 
of  j'our  way  thither.  No  matter  qth  he  the  waters  are 
out  in  the  nearer  waye.  This  was  told  me  within  this 
quarter  of  an  hour,  whereof  I  thought  it  meete  to  write  yr 
L.  And  so  I  comit  yrL.  unto  the  protection  of  Almighty 
God.  At  Lambeth  this  5th  of  November,  1605. 
"  Yr  L.  most  assured, 
"  R.  Cant,"  f 

(RICHARD  BANCROFT.) 

Sir  William  Waad,  the  Keeper  of  the  Tower, 
was  never  weary  of  writing  letters  to  Salisbury. 
The  first  of  these  numerous  epistles  relates  to 
Percy :  — 

"  It  may  please  your  good  L.  my  Cousin  Sir  Edward 
York  being  lately  come  out  of  the  North  and  coming  this 
afternoon  to  me,  upon  speach  of  the  happy  discovery  of 
this  most  monstrous  plot,  he  telleth  me  he  met  Thomas 
Percy  the  party  sought  for,  going  down  towards  the  North 
disguised,  whereupon  I  thought  good  to  send  my  Cousin 
Yorke  to  yr  L.  that  he  may  relate  somuch  to"yr  h.  L. 
From  the  Towar  in  haste  this  5*  November,  1605. 
"  At  the  Commandment  of 
«  To'  h.  L. 

"  W.  G.  WAAD."  J 

An  express  had  been  sent  to  Ware  by  Salis- 
bury enquiring  if  Percy  had  been  through  that 
town  on  his  way  North.  The  following  reply  was 
received  from  the  postmaster  :  — 

"  My  most  humble  duties  remembered,  may  it  please  yr 
good  Lordship  to  be  advertized  that  I  received  your 
Lordship's  letter  this  day  at  almost  xii  in  the  day,  and 
whereas  your  Lordship  wisheth  to  know  whether  one 
Mr.  Thomas  Percie  came  poste  towards  the  north  since 
yesterday  x  o'clock,  may  it  please  your  honourable  Lord- 


*  "  Gunpowder-Plot  Book,"  No.  6. 
t  "  Gunpowder  Plot  Book,"  No.  7. 
J  "  Gunpowder- Plot  Book,"  No.  14. 


174 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAR.  10.  '60. 


ship  that  there  came  not  such  man  post  nor  any  other 
but  only  one  man  which  belongeth  to  the  Lo  of  Rutland, 
whose  name  is  Mr.  Mann.  Uppon  Saturday  last  there 
came  one  Mr.  Thomas  Percie  and  one  other  Gentleman 
and  Mr.  Percie  his  man  rydinge  post  from  the  north.  This 
is  all  that  I  can  certifye  your  Lordship.  Resting  nothing 
of  my  continual  prayer  for  your  Lordship's  Health  with 
encrease  of  honoures.  Ware,  this  5th  of  November,  1605. 
"  Your  honourable_good  Lordship 
"  to  be  comanded, 

"  THO'  SWYNED.    Post." 
Endorsed 

"  Hast,  post  haste. 

Ware  5th  November  after  xii  in  the  day. 
"  Post  (master)  of  Waltham  and  London,  you  must 
send  this  awaye  with  all  the  speed  that  may  be." 

Endorsed  also  by  another  hand  — 

"  Waltham,  the  5th  of  November,  at  half-past  two  in 
the  afternoone."  * 

A  variety  of  witnesses  were  then  examined. 
The  purport  of  these  examinations  can  be  gathered 
from  the  following :  — 

"  Isabell,  the  servant  of  one  Cole  dwelling  at  the  syne 
of  the  Lyon  in  St.  Thomas',  a  Hostelle,  affirmeth,  That 
she  kneweth  one  Thomas  Percy,  a  tall  black  man  wth 
grey  heares  in  his  beard,  she  serving  in  one  Cosden's 
House,  a  recusant.  This  Percy  was  wont  to  come  to  him, 
and  by  that  means  she  knew  Percy.  And  saith  that 
this  day  about  eight  of  the  clock  in  the  morninge  she 
saw  this  Percye  come  downe  by  Dowgate,  and  passing  by 
the  figure  of  the  Checker  Inn  went'  towards  Colhar- 
bour.  He  had  a  man  after  him  in  a  greene  cloak  wth 
sieve  buttons.  Percy  went  very  fast  away  towards  Col- 
harbour.  And  she  further  sath  in  Colharber  there  some- 
tyme  dwelt  one  Dentryll,  to  whose  house  Percy  used  to 
resort,  and  this  Dentryll  being  dedd,  his  wyddow  is  mar- 
ryed  to  on  who  dwells  at  a  Towne  four  mifes  on  the  syde 
of  Gravesend."  f 

In  this  deposition  Percy  appears  to  have  been 
recognised.  That  was  not  the  case,  however,  in 
the  following  examination.  The  fact  of  two  men 
being  seen  near  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields  early  in  the 
morning  of  the  5th  of  November  seems  to  have 
given  rise  to  suspicion  in  the  mind  of  the  Chief 
Justice  of  England.  Popham  accordingly  took  the 
following  declaration  and  enclosed  it  to  Salis- 
bury :  — 

"  The  Declaration  of  Henry  Tattnall,  Gent.,  taken  this 
5th  of  November,  1605. 

"  He  saith  that  this  morning  about  7  of  the  clock  he 
mett  two  young  men,  gentlemenlyke,the  one  in  a  greyish 
Cloake,  the  other  in  a  Tawnyish  Cloake  with  broade 
Buttons,  in  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields  near  the  Turning  Style, 
going  in  some  haste  towards  the  back  side  of  Gray's  Inn 
Fields  towards  St.  Johns  (when  used  this  speech  the  one 
to  the  other  and  swearing),  as  God's  woundes,  we  are 
wonderfully  besett  and  all  is  marred. 

"  With  that  this  Deponent  and  Mr.  Nevill  looked  back 
towards  them,  and  they  looked  back  also,  And  this  De- 
ponent eyed  them  which  way  they  passed  as  aforesaid, 
not  suspecting  or  hearing  at  all  of  this  dangerous  acci- 
dent at  that  tyme.  But  thought  they  had  been  pursued 
from  some  fraye,  or  were  cutt  purses,  or  such  lyke.  And 

*  «  Gunpowder-Plot  Book."  No.  8. 
t  "  Gunpowder-Plot  Book,"  No.  234. 


he  thinketh  he  hath  seen  the  one  of  them  before,  and 
shall  know  them  if  he  see  them  again. 

"  HENRY  TATNALL."  * 

Writing  letters  and  taking  depositions  were  not 
the  only  means  that  the  government  used  in  their 
anxiety  to  discover  Percy,  as  appears  from  a  letter 
written  by  Mr.  Justice  Grange  to  Salisbury  :  — 

"  Right  how*. 

"  The  gentleman  whome  yo  desyre  to  have  appre- 
hended hath  a  howse  in  the  upper  end  of  Holborn  in  the 
Parish  of  St.  Gyles  in  the  fields,  where  his  wyfe  is  at  this 
instant.  She  saith  her  husband  liveth  not  wth  her,  but 
being  attendant  on  the  very  honble  the  Erie  of  Northum- 
beland  lyveth  and  lodgeth,  as  she  supposeth,  with  him. 
She  hath  not  seene  him  since  Midsummer.  She  lyveth 
very  pryvate,  and  teacheth  children.  I  have  caused  some 
to  wach  the  howse,  as  also  to  guard  her  until  yor  h" 
pleasure  bee  further  knowen.  Thus  resting  at  your 
Lorps  Comand,  I  humbly  take  leave, 

"  Yor  Lo"  to  be  comanded, 
"  St.  Gyles  in  the  Fields, )  "  E.-GRANGE. 

5<*  November,  1605.      J 

"  In  searching  Thomas  Percie  his  howse,  John  Roberts 
was  taken  newly  entered,  boted  as  having  ridden,  he 
confesseth  himself  of  the  Romish  religion,  and  that  his 
intendment  is  to  goo  over  to  the  Arch  Duke.  I  have 
committed  him  to  the  charge  of  the  constable  untill  yOr 
Lpps  pleasure  be  further  knowne."  f 

Percy's  wife  was  a  sister  of  John  and  Chris- 
topher Wright  of  Plowland  in  Holderness,  two 
of  the  conspirators,  who  were  both  afterwards 
slain  at  Holbeach. 

Two  other  letters  of  the  Lieutenant  of  the 
Tower,  written  on  the  5th  of  November  to  Salis- 
bury, are  among  the  Gunpowder  Papers.  Waad 
was  afterwards  most  indefatigable  in  all  proceed- 
ings connected  with  the  Plot.  He  held  the  office 
of  Lieutenant  of  the  Tower  for  many  years,  but 
subsequently  was  dismissed  on  suspicion  of  em- 
bezzling some  jewels  belonging  to  Lady  Arabella 
Stuart,  and  his  daughter  was  imprisoned.  His 
name  is  affixed  to  many  of  the  numerous  depo- 
sitions afterwards  taken.  One  of  these  letters 
relates  to  the  Spaniards  :  — 

"  It  may  ptease  ye  honourable  L.  I  thought  it  very  fit  yr 
L.  should  know  that  the  people  in  these  parts  do  so 
murmur  and  exclaim  against  the  Spaniards  as  may  grow 
to  further  mutiny  or  disorder  if  some  good  severe  order 
be  not  taken  to  prevent  the  same.  Mr.  Cole  dwelleth 
hard  by,  who  if  your  Lordship  think  fit  may  have  direc- 
tions to  be  in  readiness,  if  any  thing  should  be  attempted, 
to  appease  the  same :  which  I  reserve  to  yr  L.  graiver 
Judgment,  and  so  rest  ever,  very  humbly, 

"at  the  c.  ofyh.  L. 

"  W.  G.  WAAD."  J 

The  other  seems  to  be  a  letfer  of  congratula- 
tion merely.  The  expressions  he  uses  are  cu- 
rious :  — 

"  As  nothing  is  more  strange  unto  me  then  that  it 
should  enter  into  the  thought  of  any  man  living  to  at- 
tempt anything  against  a  sourain  prince  of  so  sourain 


*  "  Gunpowder-Plot  Book,"  No.  11. 
f  "  Gunpowder-Plot  Book,"  No.  15. 
j  "  Gunpowder  Plot-Book,"  No.  13. 


2~»  S.  IX.  MAR.  10.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


175 


goodness,  so  I  tlianke  God  on  the  knees  of  my  soul  that  this 
monstrous  wickedness  is  discovered :  and  I  beeseech  God 
all  the  particularityes  may  be  layed  open  and  the  traiter- 
ous  wretches  receive  their  desert. 

"  I  thanke  God  all  my  prisonners  are  safe.  My  care 
hath  of  late  been  the  more  because  we  have  been  extra- 
ordinarily warned  by  such  accydents  I  told  yr  L.  and 
the  night  watches  ar  the  severest  in  any  fort  in  Christen- 
dom  I  wish  impreservation  to  your  Lordship, 

on  whose  good  the  good  of  his  Majesty  and  the  whole 
estate  doth  very  nerely  depend.  From  the  Towar  of 
London  this  5th  November,  1605. 

"  Humbly  at  the 

"  Commandment  of 

Yr  h.  L. 

"  Wm.  WAAD. 

"  Because  I  know  all  the  gates  of  London  are  kept,  I 
haue  brought  all  the  warders  into  the  Tower  and  set  a 
watch  at  the  posterns  and  the  gate  of  St.  Katherine  and 
at  the  Landing  strands."  * 

What  were  the  "  accydents  "  alluded  to  ? 

w.  o.  w. 


UNAPPROPRIATED   EFFIGY  IN    TEWKESBURY 
CHURCH. 

In  the  north  wall  of  Tewkesbury  church,  upon 
a  raised  tomb,  lies  the  effigy  of  a  knight  in  armour, 
which  has  been  attributed  to  Lord  Wenlok,  who 
was  slain  at  the  battle  of  Tewkesbury,  a°  1471. 
There  is,  however,  every  reason  to  believe  that 
the  figure  does  not  represent  Lord  Wenlok,  as 
will  appear  from  the  various  notices  hereafter 
recited.  Bigland,  in  his  Illustrations  of  Gloucester- 
shire, gives  an  engraving  of  the  tomb,  but  not  well 
executed  ;  and  there  he  assigns  it  to  Lord  Wen- 
lok. A  very  correct  representation  of  it  is  given 
by  Stothard  (Plate  73.),  who  places  it  about  the 
time  of  Edward  III.  Gough,  in  his  Sepulchral 
Monuments  (vol.  ii.  pt.  n.  p.  223.),  says,  "  it  is  by 
vulgar  tradition  called  the  tomb  of  Lord  Wenlok, 
but  doubtful,"  but  ascribes  it  to  the  year  1471. 
Plates  are  given  of  it  in  his  work.  The  following 
passage  occurs  in  the  Archtsologia^  xiv.  153.,  in  a 
paper  on  the  "  Tombs  in  Tewkesbury  Church," 
by  the  late  Samuel  Lysons,  Esq.,  F.R.S.,  relating 
to  this  effigy  :  — 

"  Mr.  Gough  very  properly  doubts  whether  the  tomb 

umonly  ascribed   to  Lord  Wenlok  is  so  in   reality; 

indeed,  as  the  arms  on  the  surcoat  are  indisputably  not 

lose  of  Lord  Wenlok,  we  may  be  pretty  sure  that  it 

was  designed  for  some  other  person." 

The  figure  of  the  knight  is,  as  regards  the  ar- 
mour, described  by  the  late  Sir  Samuel  Meyrick, 
n  his  Critical  Enquiry  into  Antient  Armour  (vol.  ii. 
69,  70.),  in  which  he  says,  that  at  the  approach 
the  close  of  the  reign  of  Richard  II.,  "  we  find 
armour  undergoing  a  slight  change,"  and  then, 
jscribing  this  monumental  effigy,    "  falsely  at- 
•ibuted  to  Lord  Wenlok,"  goes  on  to   observe 
that :  — 

*  M  Gunpowder-Plot  Book,"  No.  12. 


"  The  form  of  the  bascinet  is  a  little  more  pressed  in  at 
bottom ;  his  hauberk  is  of  chain  mail,  but  his  camail, 
if  not  of  rings  hooked  into  brass  wires,  is  pourpointed. 
His  jupon  is  made  to  open  a  little  at  the  sides,  and  then 
fastened  by  small  clasps ;  and  his  brassets  and  vambracea 
are  covered  with  silk  connected  at  intervals  underneath  ; 
the  protection  of  the  bends  of  the  arms  by  gussets  of 
mail  is  managed  in  a  curious  manner.  Over  his  thighs 
is  pourpointed  work ;  and  his  feet,  instead  of  being 
guarded  by  solerets,  are  covered  by  a  kind  of  stocking, 
which  shows  the  shape  of  his  toes;  as  the  jamb  extends 
but  just  to  the  instep,  perhaps  he  had  footed  stirrups 
when  on  horseback,  and,  if  so,  this  is  the  earliest  instance 
of  that  contrivance  in  armour." 

The  same  erudite  author  states  that  the  pour- 
pointed  work  above  alluded  to  came  in  in  the 
reign  of  Henry  III., 'and  continued  in  use  till  the 
close  of  the  fourteenth  century.  It  was  a  species 
of  padded  work  stitched.  The  brass  effigy  of  Sir 
Miles  Stapleton,  in  Ingham  Church,  Norfolk, 
about  the  beginning  of  the  reign  of  Richard  II., 
has  the  thighs  covered  with  pourpointed  work. 

I  have  quoted  these  particulars  from  Meyrick 
for  the  purpose  of  assisting  our  inquiries  into  the 
probable  date  of  the  monumental  effigy  in  ques- 
tion, and  of  suggesting  that  that  date°  would  be 
about  the  close  of  the  fourteenth  century. 

The  jupon  which  is  shown  upon  the  figure  is 
charged  with  the  arms,  a  cheveron  between  three 
leopards'  faces,  very  distinctly  sculptured;  and  to 
which  I  draw  especial  notice,  as  tEe  charges  have 
been  described  as  a  chevron  between  three  Moors' 
heads,  —an  error  into  which  Vincent  (18.  137.) 
seems  to  have  fallen  in  a  note  in  his  MS.  account 
of  Lord  Wenlok  as  a  Knight  of  the  Garter,  and 
stating  moreover  that  his  tomb  is  at  Tewkesbury. 
The  arms  of  Lord  Wenlok  were  argent  a  cheveron 
between  three  Moors'  heads  sable.  His  garter 
plate  is  not  extant,  in  consequence  of  his  at- 
tainder. But  to  return  from  this  digression  : 
the  shield,  of  which  only  half  is  visible,  is  also 
charged  with  the  same  arms  that  are  upon  the 
jupon.  The  head  rests  upon  the  tilting  helmet, 
upon  which  the  crest,  a  lion's  head,  is  placed. 
The  feet  repose  on  a  lion.  It  is  almost  needless 
to  say  that  no  inscription  appears. 

In  the  absence  of  any  clue,  except  what  the 
arms  may  give,  by  which  it  might  be  discovered 
to  whose  memory  this  monument  was  erected,  or 
what  may  be  inferred  from  the  fashion  and  acci- 
dents of  the  armour  in  connection  with  the  arms 
I  am  about  to  notice,  it  must  still  remain  conjec- 
tural whom  the  effigy  represents.  In  a  Roll 
(Nicolas's  Roll)  of  arms  of  the  time  of  Edward 
III.  (viz.  between  11  &  25  Edw.III.  1337—1351) 
are  mentioned  as  appertaining  to  "  Monsire  de 
Lughtburg,"  these  arm?,  Gules  a  cheveron  argent 
between  three  leopards1  heads  or.  In  copies  of 
some  old  rolls  of  arms  in  Vincent's  Collections 
(164.  94  ;  165.  100  ;  155.  15b.)  in  this  college  the 
same  arms  are  attributed  in  the  same  reign  to 
"  Sir  de  Lugythburgh,"  and  to  "  John  de  Leid- 


176 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


»d  S.  IX.  MAR.  10.  '60. 


burgh."  In  an  Ordinary  (Ph.  Ord.  94b)  of 
Arms  in  Philpot's  MS.  Collections,  also  in  this 
college,  a  similar  coat  is  ascribed  to  "  Sr  de 
Lughtburgh,"  the  cheveron  being  gutf.e  de  poix ; 
but  neither  the  cheveron  on  the  jupon  of  the 
figure,  nor  that  upon  the  shield,  has  any  in- 
dication of  being  charged  with  any  bearing  what- 
ever. 

Amongst  the  Parliamentary  Writs  published 
by  the  Record  Commission,  the  name  of  Lught- 
burgh  occurs  in  the  time  of  Edward  II.  (Par- 
liamentary Writs,  vol.  ii.  Div.  II.,  Part  i.  pp.  413, 
414.  Nos.  47.  52.)  Nicholas  de  Loughborough 
(or  Lughtburgh)  Clericus  was  Paymaster  of  the 
Levies  in  the  county  of  York  (Richmond  and 
Craven  excepted)  ;  Commission  tested  at  Berwick- 
upon-Tweed  18  June,  4  Edw.  II.  (Ib.  vol.  ii.  Div. 
III.  Part  ii.  p.  379.  No.  37.)  William  de  Lough- 
borough  (or  Lughteburg)  was  certified  pursuant 
to  writ  tested  at  Clipstone  5  March  9  Edw.  II.  as 
one  of  the  Lords  of  the  township  of  Dulverton 
in  the  county  of  Somerset  (Ib.  vol.  ii.  Div.  II. 
Part  ii.  p.  248.  No.  122.),  and  William  de  Lough- 
borough  (Loughteburgh)  was  one  of  the  Manu- 
captors  for  the  appearance  of  Thomas  Rys,  &c., 
in  the  Court  of  King's  Bench  in  Hilary  Term, 
17  Edw.  II.  (Part  n.  Div.  iii.  p.  117.  of  the 
Digest.) 

Setting  aside,  for  a  moment,  the  character  of 
the  armour  as  being  nearly  a  century  too  early  to 
be  that  of  the  time  when  Lord  Wenlok  was  slain 
at  Tewkesbury,  we  have  the  authority  of  Leland 
(vol.  vi.  fol.  81.,  &c.)  that  amongst  those  who 
fell  at  the  battle  of  Tewkesbury  in  1471  was 
"  Dominus  de  Wenlok,"  "  cujus  corpus  alio  ad 
sepulturam  translatum  est "  (Dugdale's  Monasticon, 
ed.  1819,  ii.  56.),-  which  shows  that  he  was  not 
buried  at  Tewkesbury.  And  this  is  also  cor- 
roborated by  Vincent  in  a  MS.  volume  of  his 
collection  in  this  college  (Quid  non,  p.  403.),  who 
says,  amongst  others,  most  of  whom  are  said  to 
have  been  buried  at  Tewkesbury,  "  Lo  Wenlok 
slain  in  the  field  and  his  body  taken  from  thence 
to  be  buried." 

It  is  said  that  he  was  buried  at  Luton  in  Bed- 
fordshire. (Bennett's  Tewkesbury,  8vo.  1830,  p. 
167.) 

I  have  brought  the  foregoing  facts  into  juxta- 
position with  each  other ;  and  the  almost  only 
coincidence  I  can  offer  is  that  of  Mey rick's  de- 
scription of  the  armour  with  the  date  in  which 
I  find  the  arms  of  Lughtburgh.  It  yet  remains 
for  future  investigations,  or  future  discoveries,  to 
throw  such  a  light  upon  the  monumental  figure 
in  question  as  will  decide  to  whom  this  monu- 
ment was  erected.  Upon  a  very  transient  visit 
to  Tewkesbury  in  August  last,  my  attention  was 
called  to  this  sepulchral  effigy  ;  and  I  regret  that 
I  did  not  particularly  notice  the  architectural 
structure  of  the  tomb,  which  might  have  cor- 


roborated the  date  I  have  ventured  to  ascribe  to 
the  effigy  which  reposes  upon  it. 

THOS.  WM.  KING,  York  Herald. 
College  of  Arms. 

P-S. — If  any  correspondent  of  "N.  &  Q."  could 
throw  any  light  upon  this  subject,  it  would  be 
desirable  to  communicate  it  in  these  columns. 


ORIGINAL  LETTER  FROM  GENERAL   ELIOTT, 
AFTERWARDS  LORD  HEATHFIELD. 

[We  are  indebted  to  the  courtesy  of  Robert  Cole,  Esq., 
for  permission  to  publish  the  following  characteristic  and 
interesting  letter  from  the  gallant  and  successful  defen- 
der of  Gibraltar.  In  the  King's  Collection  in  the  British 
Museum  is  a  gold  medal,  which  is  supposed  to  be  one  of 
those  referred  to  in  the  letter.  It  has  on  one  side  a  view 
of  Gibraltar. 

Above.    PER   TOT   DISCRIMINA   RERVM. 

Below,  xni.  SEPT.  MDCCLXXXII. 

And  on  the  reverse.  Within  a  wreath  — 

REDEN 

LAMOTTE 

SYDOW 

ELIOTT. 

Above.   BRVDERSCHAFT.] 

"  Gibraltar, 

«Feby.  16th,  1784. 
"Dear  Sir, 

"  I  must  now  apply  to  you  for  the  perform- 
ance of  a  most  important  service,  about  which  I 
am  extremely  anxious.  The  King  is  pleased  to 
confer  upon  me  the  highest  honour  that  ever  has 
in  the  memory  of  man  been  bestowed  upon  a 
Soldier,  however  great  his  pretensions ;  and  I  pub- 
lickly  declare  that  notwithstanding  His  Majesty's 
numerous  and  repeated  favours  to  me  much  sur- 
passing the  utmost  of  my  wishes,  this  present  so 
honourable  distinction  is  a  reward  of  inestimable 
value,  as  proceeding  solely  from  his  royal  conde- 
scension, and  his  own  gracious  inclination  to  make 
those  who  serve  him  compleatly  happy;  know 
then,  my  dear  Sir,  that  amongst  other  marks  of 
honour  to  the  three  Battalions  of  his  Electoral 
Troops  of  Reden,  Lamotte,  and  Sydow's  Regi- 
ments who  served  here  during  a  course  of  years 
with  unparalleled  courage,  exertion,  perseverance, 
and  cordiality,  The  King  has  ordered  that  on 
the  colours  of  each  Battalion  the  devise  shall  be 

MIT   ELIOTT    RUHM    UND    SIEG, 

by  which  I  am  now  associated  with  the  most  ho- 
nourable of  soldiers  in  the  eyes  of  all  Europe. 

"  I  have  determined  as  a  token  of  gratitude  to 
offer  each  Officir  and  Soldier  of  this  gallant 
Brigade  a  Silver  Medal  recording  the  event,  and 
expressive  of  the  joy  I  feel  at  being  united  with 
this  honourable  fraternity,  the  drawing  for  it  is 
herewith  inclosed ;  I  will  therefore  intreat  you  to 
employ  the  very  best  hand  in  England  to  form 
the  Dye,  and  then  order  twelve  hundred  to  be 
struck  off;  the  weight  in  silver  of  each  I  must 


2nd  S.  IX.  MAH.  10.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


177 


leave  to  your  decision,  only  so  far  I  \vill  say  tbat 
I  shall  not  think  £500  (or  more  if  necessary)  too 
great  sum  on  this  very  flattering  occasion.  I 
would  intrear,  if  possible,  that  they  be  sent  here 
before  This  Brigade  is  relieved,  of  which  I  have 
yet  no  intimation  ;  before  they  are  quite  ready,  if 
you  please  it  will  be  proper  to  make  enquiry  at 
the  Secy,  of  State's,  Treasury,  War  Office,  and 
Admiralty,  when  a  proper  Ship  is  sent  out,  in 
order  that  no  opportunity  may  be  lost  —  forgive 
all  this,  but  I  have  it  much  at  heart. 

"Your  kind  Letter  of  16th  Janry  came  by  last 
post.  I  hope  your  Gout  has  disappeared,  and  that 
Don  Quixote  gained  a  com  pleat  victory. 

"lam  disappointed  the  drawing  for  the  medal 
cannot  be  ready  till  next  post — Mean-while  I 
know  you  will  make  enquiry ;  they  say  Birch  the 
engraver  could  give  some  information.  If  they 
can  be  struck  at  the  Tower  we  shall  be  sure  no 
more  will  be  struck  ofi  than  the  exact  number.  I 
should  wish  about  twenty  to  be  struck  of  the  best 
Gun  metal  from  the  flotantes.  Have  you  ever  re- 
ceived the  specimens  from  the  Artillery  ?  .  Major 
Loyd  promised  to  deliver  them.  Best  wishes  to 
all  our  connections. 

"  Dear  Sir,  yours  truly, 

"  G.  A.  ELIOTT." 


ENGLISH  ETYMOLOGIES. 

May  I  offer  the  following  common  English  words, 
—  either  not  found  in  our  dictionaries,  or  left 
without  any  satisfactory  derivations, — for  the  con- 
sideration of  Dean  Trench  or  his  learned  fellow- 
labourers  in  philology  ? 

1.  Jean    (pronounced    Jane)    the    well-known 
cotton  cloth.     I  do  not  find  this  word  in  Richard- 
son, Todd's  Johnson,  Webster,  nor  Crabb  (Tech- 
nological Diet.}.  Nor  is  it  to  be  found  as  a  heading 
in   McCulloch's  Diet,   of  Commerce,    1854.      In 
Ogilvie's  Imperial  Diet,  it  is  defined  to  mean  "  a 
cloth  made  of  wool  and  cotton."     I  doubt  the  cor- 
rectness of  this  explanation  ;  and  no  etymology  is 
offered. 

2.  Rumble,  a  seat  for  servants  behind  a  car- 
riage. Surely  this  is  a  genuine  English  word,  worthy 
of  admission  into  our  dictionaries.     Yet  I  cannot 
find  it.     I  see  in  Long  Acre  there  is  a  coach- 
maker   named   Runiball.     Did  he  or  any  of  his 
name   invent  this    kind    of   carriage-seat  ?    and 
should  we   write   "  Rumball  ?  "      Proper   names 
abound  in  the  coach-maker's  trade  —  Stanhope, 
Tilbury,  Clarence,  Brougham,  &c. 

3.  Splinter-bar.     This  word  I  find  only  in  the 
Imperial  Diet.,  but  I  question  the  correctness  of 
the  definition  there   given  —  "a   cross-bar  in  a 
coach,  which  supports  the  springs."     Is  it  not  the 
bar  to  which  the  traces  of  the  leading  horses  are 
attached,  when  four  or  more  are  driven  ?     I  find 
the  word  (I  presume  the  same  is  intended)  very 


I  differently  spelt  in  AViseman's  Severall  Chirurgi- 
'  call  Treatises,  Lond.  1676,  book  v.  ch.  9.,  p.  387. 
"  A  person  was  wounded  upon  the  road  by  a  blow 
with  a  spintree-bar." 

4.  Flannel.  No  dictionary  gives  a  satisfactory 
derivation  of  this  common  word.  To  deduce  it 
from  lana,  lamda,  is  absurd.  Was  not  the  fabric 
first  made  in  Wales  ?  What  do  the  Welsh  scholars 
say  ?  I  only  find  "  gwlanen,  welsh,  from  gwlan, 
wool."  Shakspeare  mentions  "  Welsh  flannel."  Is 
not  the  fl  a  corruption  of  the  Welsh  II  *  and  did 
not  the  English,  unable  to  produce  the  latter 
sound,  substitute  the  fl,  just  as  they  called  Llew- 
ellyn Fluellen,  Lloyd  Floyd,  &c.  ?  In  what  Welsh 
town  was  flannel  first  made  ?  It  is  now  woven 
at  Llanidloes.  Was  it  ever  made  at  Llanelly  ? 
Surely  there  are  scholars  in  Wales  who  can  settle 
this  etymology  for  us.  Instances  abound  of 
fabrics  being  named  from  their  place  of  manufac- 
ture :  Worsted,  Cambric,  Calico,  Holland,  &c. 

JAYDEE. 


TECHNICAL  MEMORY  APPLIED  TO  THE  BIBLE.— 
I  could  furnish  you  with  many  curious  scraps 
from  mediaeval  MSS.  in  my  possession.  There  is, 
for  instance,  a  series  of  hexameter  verses,  to  assist 
memory  in  recalling  the  contents  of  each  chapter 
of  the  Bible.  One  word,  generally,  is  used  to 
denote  some  salient  point  or  fact  in  the  chapter. 
From  the  whole  I  will  select  the  four  verses  on 
St.  John's  Gospel  as  an  example.  In  the  MS.  the 
numbers  of  the  chapters  are  placed  over  each 
word,  as  well  as  a  running  explanation  of  the  al- 
lusion contained  in  the  word  :  — 


Erftt  in 
principio 

aquas  in  vinum 
in  Cana  Galilee 

venit  ad  Ihesum 
nocte 

mulieris  Sa- 
maritane 

aqr.e  in 
piscina 

1 

Verbum 

2 

mutat  aquas 

3 

Nichodemus 

4 
ydria 

5 

motus 

Vivus  qui  celo 
descendi 

vos  ascendit 
ad  diem 

?  coram  dno  qui  dixit 
nee  te  condemnabo 
mulier 

natus  il- 
luminatur 

I 

unum  et 
unus  pas- 
tor erunt 

g 
.Sum  panis 

7 
festutn 

stat 

8 
adultera 

9 
cecus 

10 
ovile 

Lazarum 
quatri- 
duanum 

unguenti 
quam  ac- 
cepit  M. 

discipu- 
lorum 
lavat 

Ihesus 

Ego  sum 
etveritas 

Ego  turn 
et  Pater 
meus  agri- 
cola 

et  plorabitis,  Ihcsui 
mundus  au-  in  orto 
tern  gaudebit 

11 

Flevit 

12 

libra 

ll 

pedes 

14 
via 

15 

vitis 

16              17 
flebitis    1  orat 

Ihesus'veste 
purpurea 

et  inclinato 
capite 

Christus 

Ihesus  discipulis 
suis 

18 

Illusus 

19 
moritur 

20 
surrexit 

21 
se  manifestat 

It  will  be  observed  that  the  construction  of  the 
first  verse  is  not  faultless ;  but  the  Medisevals 
were  not  very  particular.  The  whole  of  the 
Scriptures  are  thus  comprised  in  215  .verses  ;  168 
for  the  Old,  47  for  the  New  Testament.  I  have 
seen  the  same  once  in  print,  in  the  fiiblia  Maxima, 


178 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  IX.  MAR.  10.  '60. 


published  by  De  la  Haye  at  Paris,  1660,  in  19 
vols.  fol.  JOHN  WILLIAMS. 

Arno's  Court. 

SLANDER.  —  The  following  case  is  thus  reported 
in  Siderfin's  Reports,  vol.  i.  p.  327. :  — 
"  Baker  versus  Morfue. 

"  In  accon  sur  le  case  Plaintiff  declare  q.  etant  Attor- 
ney et  le  Defendant  parlant  de  lay  et  de  son  profession 
dit  de  lay,  '  he  hath  no  more  Law  than  Mr.  C.'s  Bull.'  Et 
apres  Verdict  pur  Plaintiff  fuit  move  in  arrest  de  Judg- 
ment quia  les  parols  de  eux  mesmes  ne  sont  actionable 
et  auxy  si  sont  uncore  ne  serra  icy  quia  n'ad  declare  q.  C. 
ad  un  Bull.  Mes  le  Court  semble  q.  Plaintiff  avera  Judg- 
ment quia  a  dire,  he  hath  no  more  Law  than  a  Goose  ad  ee. 
adjudge  actionable.  Et  coment  C.  n'ad  Bull  unc.  est 
slander :  quere  del  dizant,  he  hath  no  more  Law  than  the 
man  in  the  moon.1" 

The  marginal  note  of  the  case  is  "  Acton  pur 
parols  He  hath  no  more  law  than  Mr.  C.'s  Bull 
parle  del  Attorney  actionable." 

This  case  was  decided  in  Easter  Term,  19 
Charles  II.  [1667]  in  the  King's  Bench ;  the  judges 
who  decided  it  being  Lord  Chief  Justice  Sir  John 
Kelyng,  Mr.  Justice  Twisden,  Mr.  Justice  Wind- 
ham,  and  Mr.  Justice  Morton. 

As  this  admixture  of  Norman,  Latin,  and  Eng- 
lish may  not  be   quite  intelligible  to   all  your 
readers,  the  following  is  a  translation  :  — 
"  Baker  against  Morfue. 

"  In  an  action  on  the  case,  the  Plaintiff  declares  that 
being  an  Attorney,  and  that  the  Defendant,  speaking  of 
him  and  of  his  profession,  said  of  him  '  He  hath  no  more 
law  than  Mr.  C.'s  Bull.'  And  after  verdict  for  the 
Plaintiff,  it  was  moved  in  arrest  of  judgment  because  the 
words  of  themselves  were  not  actionable ;  and  also  if  the}' 
are,  still  they  will  not  be  so  here  because  he  has  not  de- 
clared that  C.  has  a  Bull ;  but  to  the  Court  it  seems  that 
the  Plaintiff  shall  have  judgment,  because  to  say  he  has 
no  more  law  than  a  goose  has  been  adjudged  actionable, 
and  although  C.  has  not  a  Bull,  still  it  is  slander :  quere  of 
saying  'he  hath  no  more  law  than  the  man  in  the 
moon.' " 

F.  A.  CAEBINGTON. 

Ogbourne  St.  George. 

BISHOP  JEREMY  TAYLOR'S   PULPIT.  — One   of 

your  correspondents,  a  short  time  since,  men- 
tioned the  whereabouts  of  Archbishop  Leighton's 
pulpit.  It  may  not  be  uninteresting  to  some  of 
your  readers  to  know  that  the  pulpit  in  which 
Jeremy  Taylor  used  to  preach  is  now  in  the 
library  of  the  Bishop  of  Down  and  Connor,  at  the 
palace,  Holywood ;  having  been  placed  there  by 
his  lordship's  worthy  predecessor,  Bishop  Mant. 

A.  T.  L. 

A  ROSTE  YERNE. — 

"  If  the  lettron  in  the  Chapitor  were  skowred  and  set 
in  nayddis  of  the  hye  where,  and  the  roste  yerne  in  the 
same  where  set  in  the  Chapitour  we  think  should  do 
well."—  York  Fabric  Rolls,  267. 

The  learned  editor  queries  whether  the  roste 
yerne  is  "  a  clibanum  for  baking  singing  bread." 
We  cannot  suppose  that  the  baking  utensils 


would  be  in  the  high  choir  and  fit  to  change 
places  with  the  Lettron.  It  is  doubtless  a  spread 
eagle,  a  roused  erne.  ".Rouse,  to  shake  and 
flutter —  a  term  in  ancient  hawking."  —  Halliwell. 
Yerne  =  erne,  the  northern  name  for  the  common 
eagle. 

"  In  heaven  and  yearthe  be  laud  and  praise.'  —  King 
Henry  VIWs  Anthem. 

W.  G. 

ROBINSON  CRUSOE  ABRIDGED.  —  Looking  over 
my  old  books  belonging  to  this  class  of  fiction,  I 
notice  that  Defoe,  in  the  second  volume  of  Robin' 
son  Crusoe,  8vo.  London,  Taylor,  1719,  speaks  in 
unmeasured  language  of  the  damage  done  him  by 
the  dbridgers ;  and  concludes  a  summing  up  of 
the  loss  the  readers  suffer  by  their  depriving  the 
book  of  its  just  proportions,  with  this  strong  de- 
nunciation upon  the  infractors  of  his  rights  :  — 

"  The  Injury  these  Men  do  the  Proprietor  of  this  Work 
is  a  Practice  all  honest  Men  abhor,  and  he  believes  he 
may  challenge  them  to  shew  the  Difference  between 
that  and  Robbery  on  the  Highway,  or  Breaking  open  a 
House." 

As  it  may  not  be  generally  known  who  the 
offenders  in  this  way  were,  I  may  here  record 
that  the  famous  Thomas  Gent  stands  self-con- 
victed *  of  imitating  the  practice  of  Nat.  Crouch, 
alias  R.  Burton,  and  melting  down  Robinson 
Crusoe  into  a  twelve-penny  book. 

Gent  seems  to  have  been  put  up  to  this  bit  of 
piracy  by  his  master,  Edward  Midwinter,  and  I 
find  the  identical  copy  among  my  Chaps.  The 
title  runs  :  — 

"  The  Wonderful  Life  and  most  surprising  Adventures 
of  R.  Crusoe  of  York,  Mariner,"  &c.  "  Faithfully  Epito- 
mized from  the  three  volumes,  and  adorned  with  Cutts 
suited  to  the  most  remarkable  stories."  12mo.  E.  Mid- 
winter, N.D. 

Though  not  the  first,  this  abridgment  seems 
to  have  been  the  favourite  one.  At  all  events  it 
is  the  same  as  another  I  have,  printed  at  Glasgow 
in  1762.  J.  0. 

FIRST  HACKNEY  COACHES. —  In  a  letter  from 
G.  Garrard  to  the  Lord  Deputy  of  Ireland  (see 
Stratford's  Letters  and  Despatches,  vol.  i.  p.  227.) 
may  be  read  the  following  extract : 

"  I  cannot  omit  to  mention  any  new  thing  that  comes 
up  amongst  us,  tho'  never  so  trivial :  Here  is  one  Captain 
Baily,  he  hath  been  a  sea  Captain,  but  now  lives  on  the 
land,  about  this  city,  where  he  tries  experiments.  He 
hath  erected,  according  to  his  ability,  some  four  Hackney 
Coaches,  put  his  men  in  a  livery,  and  appointed  them  to 
stand  at  the  May-Pole  in  the  Strand,  giving  them  in- 
structions at  what  rates  to  carry  men  into  several  parts 
of  the  Town,  where  all  day  they  may  be  had.  Other 
Hackney  men  seeing  this  way,  they  flocked  to  the  same 
place,  and  perform  their  journies  at  the  same  rate.  So 
that  sometimes  there  is  twenty  of  them  together,  which 
disperse  up  and  down,  that  they  and  others  are  to  be  had 
everywhere  as  Watermen  are  to  be  had  by  the  Water  - 

*  See  Life  of  Thomas  Gent,  8vo.  London,  1832,  p.  124. 


S.  IX.  MAR.  10.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


179 


side.  Everybody  is  much  pleased  with  it.  For,  whereas 
before  Coaches  could  not  be  had  but  at  great  rates,  now  a 
man  may  have  one  much  cheaper." 

This  letter  is  dated  1st  April,  1634;  and  from 
it  may  I  think  be  inferred  that  hackney  coaches, 
at  a  regular  scale  of  fares,  and  stands  at  certain 
appointed  places,  were  first  introduced  at  this 
early  period.  W.  NOEL  SAINSBURY 


MB.  BRIGHT  AND  THE   BRITISH  LION.  —  Mr 

Bright  is  stated  to  have  given  utterance  to  the 
following  characteristic  burst  of  sentiment :  "The 
British  Lion !  would  to  God  the  Brute  were  dead ! 
Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  inform  me  on  what 
occasion  it  was  that  Mr.  Bright's  zeal  so  far  over- 
came his  discretion  ?  WILLIAM  J.  THOMS. 

DIMIDIATED  CORONETS. — In  Segoing's  Armorial 
Universel  (Paris,  1679),  plate  82.,  are  engraved 
the  arms  of  the  governors  of  the  Duchies  of  Bur- 
gundy, Normandy,  and  Guyenne,  and  of  the 
counties  of  Flanders,  Champagne,  and  Toulouse, 
impaling  the  arms  of  those  provinces.  In  four 
cases  out  of  the  six  the  coronets  placed  above  the 
shield  are  dimidiated  :  the  dexter  half  (containing 
the  personal  arms  of  the  governor)  being  orna- 
mented with  the  jleur-de-lisee  coronet  appro- 
priated to  "les  fils  de  France ;"  while  the  sinister 
half  is  surmounted  either  by  the  strawberry  leaves 
or  pearls  of  that  of  a  duke  or  count.  The  office 
of  governor  of  the  county  of  Flanders  appears  to 
have  been  vacant  at  the  time,  as  the  dexter  half 
of  the  shield  is  left  blank,  and  the  coronet  of  a 
count  surmounts  the  whole.  The  Due  d'Espernon 
was  governor  of  the  Duchy  of  Burgundy,  so  that 
in  his  case  there  is  no  disparity  between  his  per- 
sonal and  official  rank.  Dimidiated  arms  are  not 
very  common,  but  I  think  dimidiated  coronets  are 
still  less  frequently  met  with.  Can  any  of  your 
correspondents  furnish  other  examples  ?  J.  W. 

COLE  ARMS.  —  Of  what  family  of  Cole  are  these 
arms  ?  "  Per  pale  ermine  and  sable  a  fesse  coun- 
tercharged." They  are  given  in  all  the  printed 
Dictionaries  of  Arms,  but  without  any  county  or 
other  designation.  Possibly  some  of  the  readers 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  may  be  able  to  give  answer  to 

SCORPIO. 

THE  9>  IN  PRESCRIPTIONS.  —  Has  Dr.  Millingen 
good  authority  for  what  he  asserts  with  regard  to 
this  symbol  ?  — 

"  Not  only  did  the  Ancients  consider  the  Animal  Crea- 
tion as  constantly  under  Planetary  Influence,  but  all 
Vegetable  productions  and  Medicinal  substances  were 
subject  to  its  laws.  .  .  .  Medicine  at  that  period  might 
have  been  called  an  Astronomic  Science ;  every  medicinal 
substance  was  under  a  specific  influence,  and  to  this  day 

ie  $,  which  precedes  prescriptions,  and  is  admitted  to 
represent  the  first  letter  of  Recipe,  was  in  fact  the  Symbol 


of  Jupiter,  under  whose  especial  protection  Medicines 
were  exhibited.  Every  part  of  the  body  was  then  con- 
sidered under  the  influence  of  the  Zodiacal  Constellations, 
and  Manilius  gives  us  a  description  of  their  powers, 
Astron.,  lib.  i." — Curiosities  of  Medical  Experience,  Lond., 
1837,  vol.  i.  p.  119. 

ElRIONNACH. 

HERALDIC.  —  To  what  family  belong  the  arms 
arg.  a  chev.  sa.  between  three  bucks'  heads  ca- 
bossed  ?  H. 

FLAMBARJJ  BRASS  AT  HARROW.  —In  the  church 
of  Harrow,  Middlesex,  still  remains  a  fine  sepul- 
chral brass  presenting  the  figure,  in  life  size,  of 
John  Flambard,  one  of  an  ancient  family  that  left 
their  name  to  a  manor  in  that  parish.  He  is  re- 
presented in  armour  of  about  the  date  1390.  The 
inscription  consists  of  the  two  following  strange 
and  enigmatic  verses:  — 

"  Jon  me  do  marmore  Numinis  ordine  flam  tum'lat' 
Bard  q°3  verbere  stigis  E  fun'e  hie  tueatur." 

The  name  of  the  deceased,  it  will  be  perceived, 
is  to  be  picked  out  by  syllables  ;  but,  when  that  is 
done,  what  sense  is  there  to  be  made  of  the  rest  ? 
MR.  GOUGH  {Sepulchral  Monuments,  vol.  ii.  p. 
cclxxvii.)  offered  the  following  translation  :  "  John 
Flam  is  buried  under  the  middle  of  this  marble, 
by  order  of  the  Deity ;  and  Bard  by  the  stroke  of 
death  by  burial  is  here  kept." 

But  the  original  reads  me  do  not  media.  Numi- 
nis ordine  may  have  been  intended  for  "  by  the 
will  of  the  Deity,"  and  "Stigis  efunere  "  for  "from 
the  death  of  hell."  The  second  word  of  the  second 
line  is  read  quoque  by  Weever,  Lysons,  and  Gough. 
Can  it  have  stood  for  cujus  ?  In  that  case  it  would 
refer  to  Numinis,  and  cujus  verbere  might  allude 
to  the  Mediator,  "  by  whose  stripes  we  are  healed." 
JOHN  GOUGH  NICHOLS. 

ORIGINAL  QUARTOS  OF  SHAKSPEARE. — The  Sale 
Catalogue  of  David  Mallet's  library,  1766,  con- 
tained nearly  a  complete  series  of  the  original 
quartos  of  Shakspere's  plays.  They  had  formerly 
belonged  to  Dr.  Warburton,  who  on  Steevens' 
publication  in  1766,  sold  them  to  Payne  the  book- 
seller, from  whom  it  is  presumed  Mallet  procured 
them. 

The  auction  Catalogue  from  which  I  derive  this 
Note  (T.  Jolley's,  Part  vi.  p.  46.)  records  that 
the  series  of  quartos  sold  in  Mallet's  sale  for 
31  3s. ! ! 

Can  this  be  confirmed  by  reference  to  a  marked 
Catalogue?  EDWARD  F.  RIMBAULT. 

HEIGHTS  OF  MOUNTAINS.  —  The  heights  of 
British  mountains,  hills,  and  table  lands  are  fre- 
quently expressed  in  figures,  and  quoted  as  having 
Deen  copied  from  the  Ordnance  Survey.  Now, 
such  heights  are  not  expressed  in  the  Ordnance 
Maps,  or  in  only  a  few  instances.  Does  any  book 
exist  entitled  the  "  Ordnance  Survey  ? "  if  so, 
what  is  its  price,  and  where  can  it  be  obtained  ? 

W.  W. 


180 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAK,  10.  '60, 


PORTRAIT  OF  CALVERLY.  —  In  a  volume  en- 
titled Hermippus  Redivivus :  the  Sage's  Triumph 
over  Old  Age  and  the  Grave  (by  John  Campbell, 
LL.D.),  edit,  of,  1748,  is  the  following  MS.  note, 
.dated  May  28,  1784:  — 

"  The  person  represented  under  the  character  of  Her- 
mippus Redivivus  was  Calverly,  a  celebrated  dancing- 
master,  whose  sister  for  many  years  had  a  well-known 
school  in  Queen  Square,  Bloomsbury,  where  also  Dr. 
Cam phell  resided.  There  is  now  a  painting  of  Calverly 
in  the  Dancing  School,  then  drawn  at  the  great  age  of 
ninety-one." 

Is  anything  known  of  this  portrait  at  the  pre- 
sent time  ?  EDWARD  F.  RIMBAULT. 

ANGELS  DANCING  ON  NEEDLES. — 

"  This  sort  of  oratory  was  the  oratory  of  the  sophists 
in  the  schools  of  the  Byzantine  empire,  and  later  it  was 
that  of  the  colleges  of  Jesuits,  and  of  the  doctors  of  the  Sor- 
bonne.  Thomas  Aquinas,  '  the  Eagle  of  Divines,'  was  a 
master  of  the  art,  and  has  left  a  manual  of  it  in  eighteen 
volumes  for  such  as  desire  to  study  it.  Admired  and 
idolized  during  his  life,  canonized  after  his  death,  the 
world  owes  him  the  invaluable  information  '  how  many 
angels  can  comfortably  dance  on  the  point  of  a  needle.' 
Johannes  Duns  Bcotus,  the  doctor  subtilis,  was  Thomas's 
great  rival,  and  demonstrated  to  three  thousand  scholars 
the  Immaculate  Conception." — Morning  Advertiser,  Feb. 
12,  1860. 

This  poor  joke,  from  incessant  repetition,  has 
become  very  tiresome,  and  ought  to  have  rest.  I 
shall  be  glad  to  know  when  it  first  appeared,  and 
whether  it  is  a  pure  invention,  or  founded  on  some 
misunderstood  passage  in  Aquinas.*  W.  D. 

MORTON  FAMILY.  —  Information  'would  oblige 
as  to  the  parentage  and  pedigree  of  John  Morton, 
Esq.  of  Danesfield,  co.  Bucks,  Chief  Justice  of 
Chester,  and  M.P.  for  Abingdon,  who  died  about 
the  year  1786,  when  his  widow  (Elizabeth  Tod- 
drell)  sold  the  estate  of  Danesfield.  The  Mor- 
tons are  also  stated  at  one  period  to  have  held 


[*  In  Quodlibet  I.  Art.  v.,  S.  Thomas  discusses  the 
question,  "  Qtrum  Angelus  possit  mover!  de  extreme  ad 
extremum  non  transeundo  per  medium  ;  "  as  an  objection 
to  which  he  mentions  the  argument  (afterwards  to  be 
knocked  down)  that  nothing  can  occupy  less  space  than 
an  Angel,  because  an  Angel  is  indivisible!  And  hence,  in 
passing  from  end  to  end,  the  Angel,  if  he  passed  through 
the  intervening  space,  would  have  to  pass  through  an 
infinite  succession  of  points  (puncta),  which  is  impossible ! 

May  not  the  idea  of  the  Angelic  Doctor's  countenancing 
the  notion  of  Angels  dancing  on  the  point  of  a  needle  have 
originated  in  some  misconception  of  this  passage,  which 
not  only  represents  the  Angels  as  infinitesimals,  but  makes 
express  mention  of  points  f 

"  Infinita  autem  puncta  sunt  inter  quoslibet  duos  ter- 
minos  motus.  Si  ergo  necesse  esset  quod  Angelus  in  suo 
motu  pertransiret  medium,  oporteret  quod  pertransiret 
infinita;  quod  est  impossibile." 

For  the  "information"  credited  to  S.  Thomas  respect- 
ing Angels  dancing  on  the  point  of  a  needle,  we  have 
made  good  search  in  his  works,  but  without  finding  an}'- 
thing  that  comes  nearer  than  the  above.  Perhaps  some 
of  our  readers,  however,  may  be  able  to  give  us  farther 
light.— ED.] 


a  property  called  Thackley  in  Oxfordshire.  The 
chief  justice  is  presumed  to  have  had  a  sister 
Henrietta,  relict  of  a  Yorkshire  gentleman  of  the 
name  of  Jennings,  and  afterwards  third  wife  of  a 
Mr.  Bartholomew  Bruere  ?  C.  S. 

THOMAS  ADY.— In  1 656  Thomas  Ady,  M.  A., 
published  a  curious  work  under  the  title  of, 

"  A  Candle  in  the  Dark,  or  a  Treatise  concerning  the 
Nature  of  Witches  and  Witchcraft;  being  Advice  to 
Judges,  Sheriffes,  Justice^  of  the  Peace,  and  Grand  Jury 
Men,  what  to  do  before  they  passe  sentence  on  such  as 
are  arraigned  for  their  Lives  as  Witches," 

and  he  dedicated  it  "  To  the  Prince  of  the  Kings 
of  the  Earth,"  and  intreats  that  the  Holy  Spirit 
may  possess  the  understanding  of  whoever  shall 
open  the  book.  Are  any  other  instances  known 
of  a  book  being  dedicated  to  Almighty  God,  and 
is  any  thing  known  of  the  author,  and  was  he  in 
Holy  Orders  ?  CATO. 

DEACONS'  ORDERS  AND  CLERICAL  M.P.'s. — Has 

a  man  in  deacon's  orders  all  the  rights  and  privi- 
leges of  a  layman,  except  that  of  being  elected 
Member  of  Parliament?  I  know  the  case  of  a 
man  who,  after  being  ordained  deacon,  was  pre- 
vented from  taking  priest's  orders  from  conscien- 
tious scruples,  and  is  now  a  flourishing  country 
solicitor.  And  I  could  mention  a  college  Fellow, 
who,  though  ordained,  has  taken  his  M.D.  degree, 
and  is  now  I  believe  a  practising  physician. 

The  bill  to  exclude  those  who  had  taken  orders 
from  seats  in  the  House  of  Commons  was  passed, 
not,  I  think,  because  there  was  a  feeling  against 
clergymen  becoming  M.P.'s,  but  because  it  was  a 
sure  way  of  excluding  Home  Tooke.  It  has,  no 
doubt,  occurred  to  many  that  a  clergyman  might 
sit  in  Parliament  with  less  danger  of  neglecting 
his  clerical  functions  than  is  incurred  by  the 
many  reverend  gentlemen  who  are  country  squires 
or  gentlemen  farmers  :  nay  more,  it  seems  to  be  a 
growing  conviction  in  certain  quarters,  that  a 
sprinkling  of  clergy  in  the  House  would  be  pro- 
ductive of  positive  good  to  the  nation,  if  not  to 
themselves.  There  certainly  is  no  objection  to 
dissenting  ministers  having  seats  in  the  House  of 
Commons. 

Seeing  that  a  Rev.  Mr.  Fawkes  was  nominated 
a  few  days  ago  for  the  county  of  Cork,  may  I  ask 
if  the  gentleman  in  question  was  a  Catholic  priest? 
If  so,  whether  his  being  such  would  be  a  disquali- 
fication for  a  seat  ?  F.  W. 

DECLENSION  OF  NOUNS  BY  INTERNAL  INFLEXION. 
—  Can  any  of  the  philological  contributors  to 
"  N.  &  Q."  (of  whom  there  are  some  of  distin- 
guished ability)  give  me  any  instances  in  the 
Teutonic  and  Norse  dialects  of  what  Zeuss  calls 
internet,  flexio  in  nouns  ?  We  all  know  that  in 
the  Irish  such  inflexion  is  a  law  of  grammar  ;  and 
strangely  enough  the  Anglo-Saxon,  though  its 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


181 


usual  declensions  are  by  increase,  has  some  in- 
stances of  the  other  kind :  e,  g.  gos,  ges ;  mug, 
mys ;  toth,  teth  ;  boc,  bee.  The  change  by  in- 
flexion, in  all  these  instances,  is  from  a  broad  to  a 
slender  vowel.  H.  C.  C. 

HOSPITALS  FOR  LEPERS  (2u(l  S.  ix.  124.)  — 
Eudo  de  Rye,  the  Dapifer  or  steward  of  William 
I.,  William  II.,  and  Henry  I.,  at  the  command  of 
the  latter  founded  a  hospital  for  infirm  people  and 
lepers  at  Colchester,  and  dedicated  it  to  St.  Mary 
Magdalen. 

Can  anyone  inform  me  whether  the  same  Eudo 
had  any  issue  besides  Margaret,  who  married 
William  de  Mandeville,  father  of  Geoffrey,  the 
celebrated  first  Earl  of  Essex  ?  CIIELSEGA. 


tuft!) 

CLEANING  AQUARIA.  —  What  is  the  best  mode 
of  removing  confervoid  growth  from  the  sides  of 
an  aquarium,  so  as  to  keep  the  glass  quite  clean  ? 

M.  R.  D. 

[We  are  indebted  to  MR.  LLOYD,  who  has  done  so 
much  for  lovers  of  natural  history  by  his  exertions  in 
bringing  to  perfection  the  management  of  aquaria,  for  the 
following  remarks :  — 

"  Cleaning  the  Sides  of  Aquaria.— M.  R.  D.  is  informed, 
in  answer  to  a  question  respecting  the  'mode  of  removing 
confervoid  growths  from  the  sides  of  aquaria,  so  as  to 
keop  the  glass  quite  clean,'  that,  as  these  growths  are 
caused  by  the  action  of  the  certain  amount  of  light  re- 
quired (even  if  it  be  not  in  excess),  and  to  which  aquaria 
are  of  necessity  exposed  in  order  to  preserve  the  health  of 
the  inhabitants,  it  is  not  possible  to  maintain  the  glass  in 
a  state  free  from  the  growths  in  question,  except  by  a 
course  of  vigilant,  constant,  and  tiresome  scrubbing,  es- 
pecially in  warm,  bright  weather,  when  vegetation  of 
these  kinds  proceeds  apace,  these  observations  having  ap- 
plication to  tanks  possessing  two,  four,  or  nine  sides  of 
glass,  when  their  figure  is  rectangular  or  multangular, 
and  when  their  height  is  equal  to  or  exceeding  their 
breadth ;  and  they  apply  also  to  the  whole  tribe  of  vase 
and  cylindrical  glasses  which  are  converted  into  aquaria. 
It  has  been  proposed  to  remedy  the  evil  by  the  use  of 
blinds  or  curtains  of  variously-coloured  substances,  but 
this  is  found  to  be  ineffectual,  as  it  excludes  the  light, 
and  so  in  a  great  measure  stops  the  evolution  of  oxygen. 
The  employment  of  certain  plant-eating  snails,  both  ma- 
rine and  freshwater,  to  consume  the  conferva,  has  also 
been  recommended,  but  the  creatures  are  too  wayward  in 
their  habits  to  be  of  any  practical  service.  These  con- 
siderations have,  during  the  last  two  years,  led  to  the 
very  general  abandonment  of  the  tanks  and  vases  of  the 
kind  described,  and  have  brought  into  use  other  and 
better  forms  of  tanks,  in  which  (without  any  impediment 
to  a  distinct  view  of  the  interior)  three  sides  are  of  slate, 
covered  with  rock-work,  which  slopes  backward  and  up- 
ward from  the  front ;  and  this  front  is  alone  of  glass,  and 
is  reduced  to  such  dimensions  that  the  preservation  of  it 
in  a  r  erfectly  clean  and  bright  state  is  a  matter  of  no  dif- 
ficulty. The  conferva  may  thus  be  encouraged  to  grow 
upon  the  interior  of  the  opaque  sides  to  an  extent  which 
is  quite  under  control ;  and  so  far  from  the  growth  being 
unsightly  in  such  a  situation,  it  is  converted  into  a  direct 
benefit,  both  as  regards  its  appearance  to  the  eye,  in 


covering  the  rock -work  with  verdure,  and  as  respects  its 
presence  as  necessary  to  decompose  the  carbonic  acid  gas 
given  off  from  the  animals,  for  it  is  certain  that  no  vege- 
tation evolves  oxygen  so  copiously  as  conferva  and  the 
other  plants  which  come  spontaneously  in  tanks.  Of 
conferva,  indeed,  it  may  be  said,  as  it  is  said  of  fire,  that 
it  is  '  a  very  good  servant,  but  a  very  bad  master.'  Let 
such  a  vessel,  therefore,  be  chosen  for  aquarian  purposes 
as  will  permit  the  conferva  to  grow  without  being  an  an- 
noyance (as  it  is)  on  transpai'ent  surfaces.  It  need  not 
even  then  be  permitted  to  grow  too  freely,  as  a  newspaper 
or  a  handkerchief  thrown  over  the  glass  cover  of  the 
tank,  or  over  a  portion  of  the  cover,  during  the  sunnieat 
portion  of  the  day,  will  effectually  keep  it  under  com- 
mand. There  need  be  no  fear  that  any  such  moderate 
checking  of  growth  as  this  will  have  an  ill  effect  on  the 
animals,  if  the  vessel  is  also  so  shallow  as  to  expose  a 
comparatively  large  surface  of  water  to  the  atmosphere, 
and  so  to  be  enabled  to  absorb  oxygen  from  that  source 
as  well  as  from  vegetation.  This  regulation  of  growth  is 
farther  to  be  carried  out  by  choice  of  aspect.  Thus,  in 
summer,  windows  facing  the  south,  south-west,  south- 
east, and  west  should  be  avoided,  as  being  unfit  for  the 
reception  of  aquaria,  and  those  having  a  northern,  north- 
western, or  north-eastern  exposure  should  be  adopted. 

'*  M.  R.  D.  is  further  informed  that  an  excessive  growth 
of  conferva  does  not  stop  by  merely  covering  the  glass  of 
the  objectionable  tanks  first  mentioned,  but  it  also  con- 
verts the  whole  of  the  once  clear  water  into  a  brownish- 
green  opaque  mass,  much  resembling  pea-soup,  and  this 
very  often  in  a  short  time,  if  the  light  be  strong  and  the 
weather  hot.  The  cure  for  this  has  been  found  to  consist 
not  only  in  the  employment  of  vessels  having  their  trans- 
parency and  height  much  diminished,  but  in  the  forma- 
tion in" them  of  a  little  chamber  to  which  a  part  of  the 
water  has  access,  and  which  being  thus  kept  constantly 
in  a  state  of  entire  darkness,  is  also  in  a  condition  of  com- 
plete  clearness,  and  yet,  by  its  being  ever  in  active  com- 
munication with  the  other  part  of  the  water,  not  in  the 
dark,  it,  by  a  compensating  action,  maintains  the  whole 
of  the  fluid  in  a  perfectly  limpid  condition. 

"These  various  improvements  have  been  gradually 
effected  since  the  autumn  of  1857,  and  they  have  given 
to  aquarian  science  a  systematic  certainty  of  action  never 
before  realised.  W.  ALFORD  LLOYD. 

"  19.  Portland  Road, 

Regent's  Park,  London,  W. 

March  2,  1860." 

'EARL  NUGENT' s  LINES.  —  In  The  New  Found- 
ling Hospital  for  Wit,  1784,  are  the  following  lines 
by  Earl  Nugent :  — 

"  She's  better,  sure,  than  Scudamore, 
Who,  while  a  Duchess,  play'd  the  wh — re, 

As  all  the  world  has  heard ; 
Wiser  than  Lady  Harriet,  too, 
Whose  foolish  match  made  such  ado, 
And  ruin'd  her  and  Beard." 

I  want  the  history  of  the  above  two  ladies.  The 
first  was  Duchess  of  Norfolk,  and  the  latter  mar- 
ried a  player.  That  is  all  I  know  about  them.  I 
wish  to  have  full  particulars  of  both  their  cases. 

W.D. 

[The  first  frail  lady  noticed  by  the  Earl  was  Frances 
Scudamore  of  Holme  Lacy,  co.  Hereford,  born  in  1711, 
and  married,  first,  Henry  Somerset,  third  Duke  of  Beau- 
fort, on  28th  June,  1729,  who  obtained  a  divorce  from  his 
consort  for  adultery  with  Lord  Talbot,  on  2nd  March, 
1743-4.  Horace  Walpole,  writing  to  Sir  Horace  Mann, 


182 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2**  S.  IX.  MAR.  10.  '60. 


on  10th  June,  1742,  says,  "  The  process  is  begun  against 
her  Grace  of  Beaufort/and  articles  exhibited  in  Doctors' 
Commons.  Lady  Townshend  [Harrison]  has  had  them 
copied,  and  lent  them  to  me.  There  is  everything  proved 
to  your  heart's  content,  to  the  birth  of  the  child,  and 
much  delectable  reading."  This  repudiated  ladv,  after 
the  death  of  the  Duke,  was  married,  secondly,  to  Col. 
Charles  Fitzroy,  natural  son  of  the  Duke  of  Grafton,  by 
whom  she  left  a  daughter,  Frances,  who  became  the  wife 
of  Charles  Howard,  llth  Duke  of  Norfolk. 

The  other  lad}-  noticed  by  Earl  Nugent  was  Lady  Hen- 
rietta, only  daughter  of  James,  first  Earl  Waldegrave, 
born  2nd  Jan.  1716-17,  and  was  married,  first,  to  the  Hon. 
Edward  Herbert,  only  brother  to  the  Marquis  of  Powis, 
on  7th  July,  1734.  Becoming  a  widow,  she  married, 
secondly,  in  1738-9,  John  Beard,  the  leading  great  singer 
at  Covent  Garden  theatre,  of  which  he  was  for  some  time 
one  of  the  patentees.  Lady  Henrietta  died  81st  May, 
1753,  and  Beard  erected  to  her  memory  a  handsome  pyra- 
midal monument,  expressive  of  his  love  and  sorrow.] 

BISHOP  LATIMER.  —  Has  any  relationship  or 
connexion  ever  been  traced  between  the  family 
of  Queen  Catharine  Parr  and  that  of  this  excel- 
lent Reformer  ?  His  father  was,  we  are  told,  of 
Thurcaston,  Leicestershire ;  and  though  Foxe  calls 
him  a  husbandman,  he  would  appear  to  have  been 
"  well  to  do  in  the  world,"  as  the  expression  is.  I 
should  also  be  obliged  by  any  details  respecting 
that  place,  or  the  family  of  the  Reformer.  Are 
there  any  local  traditions  of  him,  or  allusions  in 
county  topographies,  &c.  ?  S.  M.  S. 

[Many  families  of  the  name  of  Latimer  were  of  great 
note  in  Leicestershire ;  but  there  does  not  appear  to  have 
been  any  relationship  between  the  Reformer  and  the 
Queen  of  Henry  VIII.  Katharine  Parr  married  for  her 
second  husband  John  Neville  Lord  Latimer,  whose  ma- 
ternal ancestors  were  the  Latimers,  lords  of  Gorby  and 
Shenstone.  The  heiress  of  this  family,  marrying  John 
Lord  Neville,  of  Raby  and  Middleham,  became  the 
mother  of  Ralph  Neville,  Earl  of  Westmorland,  whose 
fifth  son,  by  Joanna  Beaufort,  daughter  of  John  of  Gaunt, 
Duke  of  Lancaster,  took  the  title  of  Lord  Latimer,  and 
married  the  third  daughter  and  co-heiress  of  Richard 
Beauchamp,  Earl  of  Warwick.  From  this  pair  John 
Neville,  Lord  Latimer,  Katharine's  husband,  was  the 
fourth  in  descent.  (Hopkinson's  MSS.  quoted  in  Strick- 
land's Queens  of  England.")  In  the  first  Sermon  preached 
by  Hugh  Latimer  before  King  Edward  VI.,  on  March  8, 
1549,  he  gave  the  following  curious  account  of  his 
parentage :  "  My  father  was  a  yeoman,  and  had  no  lands 
of  his  own ;  onely  he  had  a  farme  of  three  or  four  pounds 
a  year  at  the  uttermost ;  and  hereupon  he  tilled  so  much 
as  kept  halfe  a  dozen  men.  He  had  Walk  for  an  hundred 
sheep ;  and  my  mother  milked  thirty  kine.  He  was  able, 
and  did  finde  the  King  an  harness,  with  himself  and  his 
horse,  whilest  he  came  unto  the  place  that  he  should 
receive  the  King's  wages.  I  can  remember  I  buckled  his 
harness  when  he  went  to  Black-heath  Field.  He  kept 
me  to  school ;  or  else  I  had  not  been  able  to  have  preached 
before  the  King's  Majestie  now.  He  married  my  sisters 
with  five  pounds,  or  twenty  nobles,  a  piece :  so  that  he 
brought  them  up  in  godliness  and  fear  of  God.  He  kept 
hospitallity  for  his  poor  neighbours,  and  some  almes  he 
gave  to  the  poor.  And  all  this  he  did  of  the  same  farme 
where  he  that  now  hath  it  payeth  sixteen  pounds  by  the 
year  and  more,  and  is  not  able  to  do  any  thing  for  his 
Prince,  for  himself,  nor  for  his  children,  or  give  a  cup  of 
drink  to^the  poor."  For  some  interesting  particulars  of 


this  celebrated  Reformer  and  Martyr  consult  Nichols's 
Leicestershire,  iii.  1061.] 

TINTAGEL.  — In  The  Times  of  Sept.  23,  1859, 
there  was  an  article  upon  the  return  of  Capt.  Sir 
F.  L.  M'Clintock's  expedition,  wherein  the  writer 
says, 

"  At  last  the  mystery  of  Franklin's  fate  is  solved.  .  .  . 
'The  condolences  and  sympathies  of  a  nation  accompany 
the  sorrows  of  his  widow  and  the  griefs  of  his  friends,  but 
it  is  not  altogether  out  of  place  for  the  country  to  express 
its  satisfaction  that  the  lives  of  brave  sailors  were  not 
uselessly  sacrificed  in  a  series  of  expeditions  which  should 
have  borne  for  their  motto  '  Hoping  against  hope.'  So 
far  it  is  satisfactory  to  know  the  '  final  search  '  has  proved 
that  SIR  JOHN  FRANKLIN  is  dead.  Alas  !  there  can  be  no 
longer  those  sad  waitings  from  an  imaginary  Tintagel  to 
persuade  the  credulous  that  an  ARTHUR  still  lives" 

Can  you  or  any  of  your  numerous  Readers  fur- 
nish a  clear  exposition  of  the  allusion  in  the  last 
sentence  to  Tintagel,  its  wailings,  &c.  J.  H.  W. 

[The  writer  of  the  above  passage,  most  probably,  when 
he  penned  it,  had  the  following  lines  in  Tennyson's  Morte 
d' Arthur  floating  in  his  mind : 
"Then  saw  they  how  there  hove  a  dusky  barge, 
Dark  as  a  funeral  scarf  from  stem  to  stern, 
Beneath  them  ;  and  descending  they  were  ware 
That  all  the  decks  were  dense  with  stately  forms 
Black-stoled,  black-hooded,  like  a  dream  —  by  these 
Three  Queens  with  crowns  of  gold — and  from  them 

rose 

A  cry  that  shiver'd  to  the  tingling  stars, 
And  as  it  were  one  voice,  and  agony 
Of  lamentation,  like  a  wind,  that  shrills 
All  night  in  a  waste  land,  where  no  one  comes, 
Or  hath  come,  since  the  making  of  the  world." 
King  Arthur  fell  in  the  battle  of  Camlan  (Camelford), 
a  spot  not  far  removed  from  his  castle  of  Tintagel,  to  the 
chapel  of  which  Tennyson,   in  the  poem  just  quoted, 
makes  Sir  Bedivere  convey  his  wounded  lord : 
"  And  bore  him  to  a  chapel  nigh  the  field ; 
A  broken  chancel  with  a  broken  cross, 
That  stood  on  a  dark  strait  of  barren  land." 
The  above  passages,  taken  in  connexion  with  one  of 
the  earliest  Welsh  traditions— 

"  Anoeth  bydd  bedd  y  Arthur  " 
(Unknown  is  the  grave  of  Arthur), 
will  fully  explain  the  allusion  of  The  Times'  writer.] 

"A  WET  SHEET,"  ETC. — Can  any  of  the  readers 
of  "  N".  &  Q."  suggest  the  meaning  of  the  last  two 
lines  of  the  first  verse  of  Allan   Cunningham's 
song,  "  A  wet  sheet  and  a  flowing  sea  "  ?  The  lin 
run  thus  :  — 

"  Away  the  good  ship  flies,  and  leaves 
Old  England  on  the  lee." 

A  lee-shore  is  that  to  which  the  wind  blows 
from  the  sea;  it  is,  therefore,  difficult  to  under- 
stand how  a  sailing  vessel  can  leave  "  Old  England 
on  the  lee."  E.  V. 

[The  wind,  it  is  evident,  crosses  the  line  of  the  good 
ehip's  course.  She  is  working  to  windward.  With  the  aid 
of  a  wet  sheet  and  favouring  tide,  she  rapidly  leaves  Old 
England  on  the  lee.  And  by  the  same  token,  if  other 
sailing  ships  that  cannot  work  to  windward  are  in  com- 
pany, she  will  soon  leave  them  hull'down."] 


H 

fO 

: 


2«*  S.  IX.  MAR,  10.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES, 


183 


"THE  UPPER  TEN  THOUSAND." — A  friend  states 
that  this  expression  is  now  often  used,  and  begs 
information  as  to  its  origin  and  signification. 

S.  M.  S. 

[The  expression  is  supposed  to  come  from  the  United 
States,  and  is  said  by  Bartlett,  in  his  Americanisms,  to 
bare  been  invented  by  that  talented  and  amusing  writer 
N.  P.  Willis. 

"THE  UPPER  TEN  THOUSAND,  and  contracted  THE 
UPPKR  TEN  :  the  aristocracy ;  the  upper  circles  of  our 
large  cities.  A  phrase  invented  by  N.  P.  Willis. 

M  '  The  seats  for  the  first  night  are  already  many  of 
them  engaged ;  and  engaged,  too,  by  the  very  cream  of 
our  upper  ten.'— Letter  from  Philad.  N.  Y.  Herald." 

With  "  Upper  Ten,"  cf.  "  Upper  Crust." 

"  UPPER  CRUST.    The  aristocracy ;  the  higher  circles. 

"'I  want  you  to  see  Peel,  Stanley,  Graham,  Shiel, 
Russell,  Macaulay,  old  Joe,  and  so  on.  They  are  all  upper 
crutt  here.' — Sum  Slick  in  England."'] 


COLONEL  FREDERICK. 
(2nd  S.  viii.  399.  502. ;  ix.  93.) 

The  query  of  A.  A.  having  brought  into  notice 
this  unfortunate  gentleman,  I  transcribe  a  few 
memoranda  respecting  him  from  my  Soho  and  its 
Associations,  a  work  which  I  am  now  preparing 
for  the  press. 

In  early  life  Colonel  Frederick  was  secretary  to 
the  great  Frederick,  King  of  Prussia,  but  he  was 
treated  by  that  monarch  with  such  proud 
austerity  that  he  grew  tired  of  the  service,  and 
particularly  as  Voltaire  and  other  profligate 
philosophers  were  suffered  to  converse  with  the 
king  at  table,  while  Frederick  was  obliged  to 
retire  to  a  corner  of  the  room.  At  length,  having 
applied  to  the  Duke  of  Wirtemberg,  to  whom 
his  father  was  related,  he  was  offered  protection 
at  his  court.  When  he  informed  the  King  of 
Prussia  of  this  arrangement,  the  latter  said,  "  Ay, 
you  may  go,  it  is  fit  that  one  beggar  should  live 
with  another."  The  colonel  afterwards  joined  his 
father  during  his  adversity  in  this  country,  and 
supported  himself  as  a  teacher  of  languages,  for 
which  he  was  well  qualified. 

He  used  to  relate  that  while  his  father  was  in 
the  King's  Bench  Prison  for  debt,  Sir  John 
Stewart  was  a  fellow  prisoner  on  the  same  ac- 
count. The  latter  had  a  turkey  presented  to  him 
by  a  friend,  and  he  invited  King  Theodore  and 
his  son  to  partake  of  it.  Lady  Jane  Douglas  was 
of  the  party.  She  had  her  child,  and  a  girl  with 
her  as  a  maidservant,  to  carry  the  child;  she 
lived  in  an  obscure  lodging  at  Chelsea.  In  the 
evening,  Colonel  Frederick  offered  to  attend  her 
home,  and  she  accepted  his  courtesy.  The  child 
was  carried  in  turn  by  the  mother,  the  girl,  and 
the  colonel.  On  their  journey  he  said  there  was  a 
slmht  rain,  and  common  civility  would  have 
induced  him  to  call  a  coach,  but  that  he  had  no 


money  in  his  pocket,  and  he  was  afraid  that  Lady 
Jane  was  in  the  same  predicament.  He  was 
therefore  obliged  to  submit  to  the  suspicion  of 
churlish  meanness  or  poverty,  and  to  content 
himself  with  occasionally  carrying  the  child  to 
the  end  of  the  journey. 

This,  alas !  was  not  the  first  time  that  the  son 
of  King  Theodore  had  been  in  want  of  a  shilling. 
He  related  to  the  late  John  Taylor,  of  "  Sun " 
celebrity,  that  he  was  once  in  so  much  distress, 
that  when  he  waited  the  result  of  a  petition  at 
the  Court  of  Vienna,  he  had  actually  been  two 
days  without  food.  On  the  third  day  a  lady  in 
attendance  on  the  Court,  whom  he  had  previously 
addressed  on  the  subject  of  his  petition,  observing 
his  languid  and  exhausted  state,  offered  him  some 
refreshment;  he  of  course  consenting.  She 
ordered  him  a  dish  of  chocolate  with  some  cakes, 
which  rendered  him  more  able  to  converse  with 
her ;  in  a  short  time  they  conceived  a  regard  for 
each  other,  and  were  afterwards  married. 

The  lady,  it  is  supposed,  died  a  few  years  after 
their  marriage.  The  colonel  had  two  children  by 
her ;  the  boy  became  an  officer  in  the  British 
army,  and  was  killed  in  the  American  War ;  the 
girl  was,  I  fancy,  the  "  Miss  Frederick  "  who  sang 
at  some  of  the  fashionable  concerts  towards  the 
latter  part  of  the  last  century.  She  married  a 
person  named  Clarke,  but  what  became  of  her  or 
her  children  I  have  not  been  able  to  ascertain. 
Mr.  Taylor  relates  that  in  a  short  interview  he 
had  with  her,  after  her  father's  melancholy  death, 
she  showed  him  the  great  seal  and  some  regalia  of 
the  crown  of  Corsica,  which  her  grandfather  had 
retained  in  the  wreck  of  his  fortunes. 

When  Prince  Poniatowski,  who  was  afterwards 
Stanislaus,  the  last  King  of  Poland,  was  in  this 
country,  his  chief  companion  was  Colonel 
Frederick.  They  were  accustomed  to  walk  to- 
gether round  the  suburbs  of  the  town,  and  to  dine 
at  a  tavern  or  common  eating-house.  On  one 
occasion  the  prince  had  some  bills  to  discount  in 
the  city,  and  took  Frederick  with  him  to  transact 
the  business.  The  prince  remained  at  Batson's 
Coffee-house,  Cornhill,  while  the  colonel  was 
employed  on  the  bills.  Some  impediment  oc- 
curred, which  prevented  the  affair  from  being 
settled  that  day,  and  they  proceeded  on  their 
usual  walk  before  dinner  round  Islington.  After 
their  walk  they  went  to  Dolly's,  in  Paternoster 
Row.  Their  dinner  was  beef-steaks,  a  pot  of 
porter,  and  a  bottle  of  port.  The  bill  was  pre- 
sented to  the  prince,  who  on  looking  over  it  said 
it  was  reasonable,  and  handed  it  to  Colonel 
Frederick,  who  concurred  in  the  same  opinion, 
and  returned  it  to  the  prince,  who  desired  him  to 
pay.  "  I  have  no  money,"  said  Frederick.  "  Nor 
have  I,"  said  the  prince.  "  What  are  we  to  do  ?  " 
he  added.  Frederick  paused  a  few  moments, 
then  desiring  the  prince  to  remain  until  he 


184 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAR.  10.  '60. 


returned,  left  the  place,  pledged  his  watch  at  the 
nearest  pawnbroker's,  and  thus  discharged  the 
reckoning. 

T.he  prince  after  he  became  monarch  of  Poland 
occasionally  kept  up  an  intercourse  with  Colonel 
Frederick,  and  in  one  of  his  letters  asked  the 
latter  if  he  remembered  when  they  were  "  in 
pawn  at  a  London  tavern." 

In  the  latter  portion  of  his  life  this  unfortu- 
nate man  was  induced  by  an  acquaintance  to 
accept  two  notes.  The  man  who  was  a  trading 
justice  at  that  time,  died  before  the  notes  became 
due,  and  Colonel  Frederick,  seeing  that  he  should 
be  responsible  without  any  pecuniary  resource, 
and  apprehensive  of  confinement  in  a  gaol,  formed 
the  desperate  design  of  shooting  himself. 

"  The  Colonel  (says  the  authority  already  quoted — 
John  Taylor's  Records  of  my  Life,  ii.227.)  by  his  constant 
reading  of  classic  authors,  had  imbued  his  mind  with  a 
kind  of  Roman  indifference  of  life.  He  arose  generally 
very  early  in  the  morning,  lighted  the  fire  when  the 
season  required  it,  cleaned  his  boots,  prepared  himself  for 
a  walk,  took  his  breakfast,  then  read  the  classical 
authors  until  it  was  time  to  take  exercise  and  visit  his 
friends.  This  even  tenourof  life  might  have  continued  for 
many  years,  if  he  had  not  unfortunatel}'  put  his  hand  to 
the  bills  in  question  ;  but  the  prospect  of  a  hopeless 
privation  of  liberty,  and  the  attendant  evils  and  horrors  of 
a  gaol,  operated  so  strongly  upon  his  mind,  habituated  to 
ancient  Roman  notions,  as  to  occasion  the  dreadful  ter- 
mination of  his  life  by  suicide." 

A  petition  to  the  British  Government  to  take 
into  consideration  his  condition,  is  still  extant  in 
the  handwriting  of  Colonel  Frederick.  It  is  dated 
from  Greek- street,  1783. 

It  will  ever  be  a  disgrace  to  this  country  that 
poor  Theodore,  who  had  actually  been  elected 
King  of  Corsica  by  the  people,  and  his  son,  should 
have  been  suffered  to  live  among  us  in  beggary, 
while  Pascal  Paoli,  who  had  no  such  pretensions, 
but  more  powerful  friends,  should  have  been 
amply  provided  for.  EDWARD  F.  RIMBAULT. 


A  QUESTION  IN  LOGIC. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  25.) 

Four  answers  have  been  received.  Among 
them  a  part  of  the  true  connexion  of  the  proposi- 
tions is  found :  but  in  no  one  of  them  is  it  all  to 
be  seen.  That  connexion  is  that  the  three  pro- 
positions are  identical :  each  one  of  them  means  as 
much  as  either  of  the  other  two,  and  no  more. 
The  three  propositions  are : 

1.  A  master  of  a  parent  is  a  superior. 

2.  A  servant  of  an  inferior  is  not  a  parent. 

3.  An  inferior  of  a  child  is  not  a  master. 

I  might  write  a  long  chapter  on  the  connexion 
of  these  propositions.  To  avoid  this,  I  will  ad- 
vert to  only  one  of  the  difficulties  which  often  stand 
in  the  way.  In  examining  the  logical  dependence 
of  two  propositions,  we  have  nothing  to  do  with 


the  question  about  the  existence  or  non-existence 
of  the  terms  named  in  the  propositions.  If  there 
were  no  masters  in  existence,  for  example,  or  if  a 
certain  individual  had  no  master,  the  questions  of 
truth  or  falsehood,  relation  or  want  of  relation, 
which  would  thence  arise,  have  nothing  to  do  with 
the  logical  connexion  of  the  forms  of  enunciation 
used.  To  get  this  difficulty  clear  out  of  the  way, 
suppose  every  person  mentioned  to  have  both 
masters  and  servants,  superiors  and  inferiors, 
parents  and  children.  The  reader  will  also  re- 
member that  it  was  postulated  that  no  such  thing 
as  equality  is  to  be  allowed  to  exist. 

I  have  to  show  that  each  .of  the  propositions 
gives  the  two  others.  It  will  be  enough  to  take 
one,  and  from  it  to  prove  the  other  two.  I  shall 
take  the  second,  and  from  it  prove  the  first  and 
third. 

From  the  second  to  prove  the  first. 

Assume  the  second.  If  then  the  master  of  a 
parent  were  in  any  case  an  inferior,  every  servant 
of  the  master  of  the  parent  would  be  the  servant 
of  an  inferior,  and  among  them  the  parent  himself. 
That  is,  a  parent  would  be  the  servant  of  an  in- 
ferior ;  which  contradicts  the  assumption.  Con- 
sequently, in  no  case  is  the  master  of  a  parent 
an  inferior ;  which  is  the  first  proposition. 

From  the  second  to  prove  the  third.  Assume 
the  second.  If  the  inferior  of  a  child  of  X  were 
a  master  of  X,  X  would  be  the  servant  of  the 
inferior  of  a  child  of  X.  If  that  child  be  Y,  the 
parent  of  Y  would  be  the  servant  of  the  inferior 
of  Y  ;  which  contradicts  the  assumption.  Hence 
any  inferior  of  a  child  is  not  a  master. 

The  reader  may  by  similar  steps  prove  2  and  3 
from  1,  or  1  and  2  from  3. 

Next,  what  is  the  theorem  which  is  here  applied? 
I  cannot  enunciate  it  without  strange  symbols. 
If  L  represent  a  relation  of  any  kind,  let  L-verse 
represent  its  converse  relation.  Thus,  when  L 
represents  parent,  L-verse  represents  child.  If 
X  be  an  L  of  Y,  then  Y  is  an  L-verse  of  X. 
Again,  when  two  relations  are  contrary  —  that  is, 
one  or  other  existing  in  every  case,  but  never 
both — let  them  be  denoted  as  in  L  and  non-L. 
The  theorem  is  then  as  follows  :  —  If  a  third  re- 
lation can  always  be  predicated  of  the  combina- 
tion of  other  two,  then  the  same  may  be  said  if 
one  of  the  combining  relations  be  changed  into  its 
converse,  and  the  other  two  be  controverted — 
changed  into  their  contraries  —  and  made  to 
change  places.  That  is,  the  three  following  asser- 
tions are  identical :  — 

1 .  Every  L  of  an  M  is  an  N". 

2.  Every  L,-verse  of  a  non-N  is  a  non-M. 

3.  Every  non-N  of  an  M-verse  is  a  non-L. 
This  theorem  was  stated,  so  far  as  I  know  for 

the  first  time,  in  my  recently  published  Syllabus 
of  a  proposed  system  of  Logic.  It  belongs  to  the 
forms  of  thought  the  analyses  of  which  the  logi* 


IX.  MAR.  10.  '60.  j) 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


185 


cians  exclude  from  logic,  upon  grounds  opposed 
in  that  syllabus  and  in  the  writings  to  which  it 
refers. 

It  has  nevertheless  been  virtually  applied, 
though  wholly  unseen,  in  the  famous  reductio  ad 
impossibile  by  which  the  syllogisms  denominated 
Baroko  and  Bokardo  are  reduced  to  that  deno- 
minated Barbara.  A.  DE  MORGAN. 


GLOUCESTER  CUSTOM. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  124.) 

J.  CHENEVIX  FROST  inquires  when  it  was  the 
custom  of  the  city  of  Gloucester  to  present  to  the 
sovereign  at  Christmas  a  lamprey-pie  with  a 
raised  crust,  and  when  it  was  left  off?  The  cus- 
tom is  of  great  antiquity,  and  certainly  existed  in 
the  present  century,  for  persons  living  recollect  an 
old  lady  named  Darke  who  used  to  prepare  lam- 
preys for  the  purpose ;  and  it  probably  continued 
down  to  the  change  of  the  corporation  under  the 
Municipal  Corporation  Act.  As  Henry  I.,  of 
lamprey-loving  celebrity,  frequently  held  his  court 
during  Christmas  at  Gloucester,  the  custom  may 
have  originated  in  his  time.  In  1530,  the  Prior 
of  Lanthony  at  Gloucester  sent  "  cheese,  carp,  and 
baked  lampreys  "  to  Henry  VIII.  at  Windsor,  for 
which  the  bearer  received  twenty  shillings  (Annals 
of  Windsor  by  Tighe  and  Davis,  p.  562.). 

During  the  Commonwealth  it  appears  from  the 
following  entry  in  the  Corporation  Minutes  that 
the  pie  was  sent  to  the  members  for  the  city  :  — 

"Item.  Paid  to  Thomas  Suffield,  cook,  for  lamprey- 
pies  sent  to  our  Parliament  Men,  £08  00  00." 

In  1752  it  appears  to  have  been  the  custom  to 
present  a  lamprey-pie  to  the  Prince  of  Wales,  as 
appears  by  Mr.  Jesse's  book,  George  Selwyn  and 
his  Contemporaries,  vol.  i.  p.  153.,  where  is  printed 
the  following  letter  from  Mr.  Alderman  Harris  to 
George  Selwyn,  then  M.P.  for  Gloucester  :  — 

"  Gloucester,  15  January,  1752. 
"Sir, 

"  At  the  request  of  Mr.  Mayor,  whose  extraordinary 
hurry  of  business  will  not  afford  him  leisure  to  write  him- 
self, I  am  desired  to  acquaint  you  that  by  the  Gloucester 
waggon,  this  week,  is  sent  the  usual  present  of  a  lamprey- 
pie  from  this  Corporation  to  bis  Royal  Highness  the 
Prince  of  Wales.  It  is  directed  to  you ;  and  I  am  further 
to  request  tbe  favour  of  you  to  have  the  same  presented 
with  the  compliments  of  this  body,  as  your  late  worthy 
father  used  to  do. 

"  Sir,  your  most  obedient  humble  servant, 

*;  GAB.  HARRIS. 

"  P.S.  The  waggoner's  inn  is  the  King's  Head  in  the 
Old  Change." 

Mr.  Harris  was  an  eminent  citizen  of  Glouces- 
ter. He  was  sheriff  in  1732,  during  his  father's 
mayoralty,  and  mayor  in  1746  and  1757  ;  and  he 
appears  to  have  been  much  esteemed  by  the  Sel- 
wyn family.  It  appears  also  by  the  following 
letter  (vol.  ii.  p.  24.),  which,  if  not  too  irrelevant 


to  the  Query,  may  perhaps  be  deemed  amusing 
enough  for  insertion,  that  there  was  in  that  age 
a  reciprocity  of  good  things  between  town  and 
country :  — 

"  Thomas  Bradshaw,  Esq.,  to  George  Selwyn. 

«  Hampton  Hall,  30  July,  1766. 
"  Dear  Sir, 

"  I  have  heard  by  accident  that  you  want  a  turtle  for 
a  respectable  alderman  of  Gloucester,  and  I  am  happy 
that  it  is  in  my  power  to  send  you  one  in  perfect  health, 
and  which  I  am  assured  by  a  very  able  turtle -eater  ap- 
pears to  be  full  of  eggs. 

"  I  am,  with  great  haste,  dear  Sir, 

"  Your  most  faithful  humble  servant, 

"  THOS.  BRADSHAW." 

If  this  turtle  was  an  acknowledgment  for  a 
lamprey-pie,  the  alderman  made  a  better  exchange 
than  the  Earl  of  Chester,  who  gave  King  John  a 
good  palfrey  for  one  lamprey  the  king  had  given 
him  (Rotuli  de  Oblatis  et  Finibus  tempore  R.  Johan- 
nw) — a  striking  proof,  if  indeed  the  exchange  were 
a  voluntary  one,  of  the  great  delicacy  lampreys 
were  then  considered  to  be. 

If  your  correspondent  is  interested  in  Glouces- 
ter, he  will  find  other  amusing  references  to  the 
city  in  Mr.  Jesse's  book,  vol.  ii.,  p.  272. ;  vol.  iv., 
pp.  362.  383.  JOHN  J.  POWELL. 

It  was  formerly  the  custom  to  send  to  the  king 
the  first  lamprey  caught  in  the  river,  at  the  com- 
mencement of  the  season.  It  was  stewed,  that 
being  the  best  way  of  cooking  this  fish.  Some 
years  ago,  i.  e.  from  1800  to  1806,  a  relation  of 
mine  lived  in  Gloucester,  and  from  her  I  received 
the  knowledge  of  this  custom.  During  that 
period  the  lamprey  was  cooked  at  the  mayor's 
house ;  and  an  old  woman,  who  had  been  a  famous 
cook,  and  went  by  the  name  of  "  Cook  Harris," 
always  went  to  stew  it,  receiving  a  guinea  as  fee 
for  her  labour.  Latterly,  on  account  of  her  age, 
she  was  fetched  from  the  almshouses  (where  she 
resided)  in  a  sedan-chair.  If  this  custom  is  dis- 
continued, it  is,  I  suppose,  owing  to  the  change 
under  the  Municipal  Act.  I  always  understood 
that  some  charter  for  fishing  was  held  by  this  ser- 
vice. 

Another  custom  at  Gloucester  may  here  be  no- 
ticed. At  the  Spring  Assizes  a  lamb  was  sent  to 
the  judges'  lodgings  ;  the  animal  was  killed  at  the 
first  butcher's  in  the  city,  and  exhibited  for  a  few 
hours  elegantly  dressed  with  flowers  and  blue  rib- 
bons, the  inside  being  entirely  filled  with  flowers. 
I  fancy  this  was  sent  by  the  corporation,  but  I  do 
not  know  whether  the  custom  is  continued.  -E.  S.  W. 


FICTITIOUS  PEDIGREES:  BUTTS  (2nd  S.  ix.  149.) 
— Being  absent  from  home  I  am  not  able  to  refer 
to  the  last  volume  of  "N".  &  Q.,"  and  forget  what  was 
there  said  of  the  Butts  of  Congleton,  but  as  MR. 
MATTHEWS  seems  to  have  confidence  that  they 


186 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAR.  10.  '60. 


are  not  "  mythical  personages,"  I  could  wish  to 
draw  his  attention  to  three  points — first  to  in- 
quire whether  the  "  lady  possessor"  that  he  speaks 
of  was  Harriet  Lady  Cotgreave  ?  secondly,  was 
the  gentleman  who  "  courteously  communicated 
with  him  in  1852"  Mr.  William  Sidney  Spence? 
and  thirdly,  to  beg  him  to  note  that  the  statement 
said  to  be  derived  from  Camden  about  "  being 
slain  fighting,  &c.,"  is  word  for  word  a  repetition 
(except  so  far  as  the  mother  is  concerned,  and 
with  a  few  changes  rung  in  the  quarterings)  of 
what  was  attributed  to  one  of  my  name,  a  de- 
cidedly "mythical  personage,"  in  a  communica- 
tion of  1848. 

I  can  only  repeat  my  recommendation  of  last 
week,  to  test  the  matter  by  a  search  among  the 
Handle  Holme  MSS.  in  the  British  Museum; 
though  I  fairly  own  as  respects  my  own  case,  I 
should,  even  if  such  extracts  were  found,  con- 
tinue sceptical  of  their  truth,  unless  there  were 
very  authentic  proofs  indeed  of  the  authority  of 
Camden.  MONSON. 

Torquay. 

NICHOLS'  LEICESTEESHIBE  (2nd  S.  ix.  142.)— 
Mr.  Saville  Hyde,  of  Quorndon  Hall,  Leicester- 
shire, was  the  representative  of  the  ancient  family 
of  Hyde,  to  whom  Hyde  Park  once  belonged. 
His  death  took  place  some  time  about  1830,  but 
as  I  am  now  absent  from  home  I  cannot  refer  to 
the  exact  date.  Mr.  Hyde's  sale  took  place  at 
Quorndon  very  soon  after  his  decease,  when  his 
library,  which  was  very  valuable,  was  disposed  of. 
The  eight  volumes  of  Nichols's  Leicestershire  were 
bought  by  my  father,  the  late  Edward  Manners, 
of  Goadby  Hall,  Leicestershire.  The  note  inside 
one  of  the  volumes  in  the  possession  of  Vix  is 
in  his  handwriting. 

The  four  volumes  which  your  Correspondent 
inquires  about  are  my  property,  and  are  in  my 
possession.  I  shall  be  very  glad  if  Vix  will 
favour  me  with  a  private  communication,  and 
address  it  to  Goadby  Hall,  Melton  Mowbray. 

LOUISA  JULIA  NORMAN. 

"DON  QUIXOTE"  IN  SPANISH  (2nd  S.  ix.  146.) 
—  Your  correspondent  will  find  some  valuable 
notices  of  the  early  editions  of  Don  Quixote  in 
Ford's  Hand-book  for  Spain,  vol.  ii.  315.,  pre- 
ceded by  some  very  able  remarks  on  the  work 
generally,  on  the  character  of  Don  Quixote  and 
Sis  Squire,  and  on  the  locality  of  their  adventures. 

FRANCIS  TRENCH. 

SOILED  BOOKS  (2nd  S.  ix.  103.) — Having  in  my 
time  done  something  in  the  way  of  restoring  old 
books,  I  can  advise  J.  N.  of  a  very  simple  plan. 
Take  the  book  to  pieces,  if  much  stained  ;  if  not, 
take  out  only  the  leaves  that  most  require 
cleansing.  Lay  a  sheet  or  a  few  leaves  in  a  large 
earthenware  dish,  and  pour  on  them  boiling  water. 
Let  them  lie  for  six  or  eight  hours,  then  take 


them  out  and  lay  between  clean  blotting-paper  till 
dry.  Many  a  rare  old  print,  full  of  foxy  stains 
and  time  marks,  have  I  restored  to  a  beautiful 
freshness  by  this  simple  process.  A  drop  or  two 
of  muriatic  acid  may  sometimes  be  added,  but 
there  is  a  risk  in  using  any  acid  when  the  fabric 
is  aged.  Connoisseurs  in  prints  and  books  should 
practise  the  method  with  old  fly-leaves  first,  to 
acquire  expertness  in  the  handling  of  the  wet 
leaves.  SHIRLEY  HIBBERD. 

TERMINATIONS  IN  "  -NESS  "  (2nd  S.  vii.  386. ; 
viii.  388.)— I  beg  to  offer  my  best  thanks  to  MR. 
PISHET  THOMPSON  for  his  courteous  reply.  Clay- 
ness,  Clee  Ness,  or  Cleaness,  is  laid  down  in  Tuke's 
(1787),  Smith's  (1804),  and  Greenwood's  (1817) 
maps.  These  authorities  place  it  in  Bradley- 
Haverstoe  Wapentake,  at  the  mouth  of  the 
Humber.  I  also  find  Skitterness  in  Yarborough 
Hundred.  So  that  there  are  four  places,  at  least, 
with  the  above  affix  in  the  county  of  Lincoln. 

WM.  MATTHEWS. 

Cowgill. 

ANDERSON  FAMILY  (2nd  S.  ix.  89.)  —  Allow  me 
to  point  out  a  singular  mistake  of  a  contributor : 
— ANON,  has  metamorphosed  James  Anderson  the 
concoctor  of  the  Royal  Genealogies  into  James 
Anderson  the  Scotch  Postmaster- General,  whose 
Diplomata  Scotia  is,  and  will  always  be,  deserv- 
edly held  in  the  highest  estimation  by  all  historical 
students. 

It  is  not  supposed  that  there  was  any  relation- 
ship between  the  two  :  but  as  to  this  I  cannot  be 
positive.  This  much  is  certain,  that  our  James 
had  only  one  sister,  who  married  Pitcairn  of 
Dreghorn,  from  whom  the  historian  of  Charles  V. 
is  descended,  and  no  brother,  at  least  none  that 
survived  for  any  time.  The  father  was  a  Presby- 
terian clergyman  in  Lanarkshire,  and  he  probably 
had  a  brother,  who  was  the  father  of  the  indi- 
vidual styled  cousin  by  the  diplomatist,  a  London 
merchant  who  lived  on  the  best  terms  with  his 
relative,  and  was  of  great  service  to  the  family. 

J.  M. 

DECANATUS  CHRISTIANITATIS  (2nd  S.  viii.  415. 
539.)— The  use  of  this  title  to  part  of  the  diocese 
of  Worcester  is  not  a  solitary  one.  It  appears  on 
other  maps  attached  to  the  Valor  Ecclesiasticus 
applied  to  the  cities  of  Exeter  and  Lincoln  and 
the  town  of  Leicester,  small  districts  under  the 
shadow,  as  it  were,  of  the  Cathedral, — for  Leicester 
was  also  once  the  seat  of  a  bishop's  see, — and  dif- 
fering in  those  respects'  from  the  one  in  Warwick- 
shire, which,  besides  its  remoteness,  was  as  large 
in  extent  as  many  an  archdeaconry. 

The  etymology  of  Barlichway,  mentioned  in 
the  question  as  the  civil  division  about  corre- 
sponding in  limits  with  the  ecclesiastical,  is  some- 
what singular,  being  from  three  Saxon  words  im- 
plying "  the  naked-corpse-road,"  and,  whether  it 


S.  IX  MAR.  10.  'GO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


187 


were  so  called  from  the  habit  of  exposure  or  the 
mere  act  of  carrying  bodies  in  that  condition,  it 
seems  to  indicate  a  state  of  heathenism  ill  com- 
porting with  the  idea  suggested  by  the  reply  of  T. 
BOYS  of  a  staff  of  clergy  constantly  employed  and 
resident  in  it,  however  such  might  have  been  the 
case  in  the  three  other  instances. 

Could  the  period  be  fixed  of  the  introduction 
of  an  appellation  so  exceptionably  distinctive  ? 
And  is  the  reason  given  for  its  application  in  the 
instance  first  pointed  out  reconcilable  with  the 
difference  of  circumstances  above  adverted  to  ? 

J.  S. 

Birmingham. 

REFRESHMENT  FOR  CLERGYMEN  (2nd  S.  ix.  24.) 
— In  some  of  the  "City  Churches"  in  London 
(St.  Dionis  Backchurch,  for  instance)  wine  and 
biscuit  is  liberally  provided  in  the  vestry  every 
Sunday  for  the  officiating  clergyman  at  the  charge 
of  the  parish.  And  on  occasions  of  "  charity 
sermons,"  when  the  Lord  Mayor  and  Lady 
Mayoress  and  certain  members  of  the  Corpora- 
tion attend  in  state  to  hear  some  popular 
preacher,  wine,  cake,  and  biscuit  is  handed  round 
by  direction  of  the  churchwardens  to  all  who 
have  the  entree  of  the  vestry  at  the  conclusion  of 
the  Morning  Service,  while  the  amount  of  the 
collection  is  being  ascertained.  LONDINENSIS. 

SUPERVISOR  :  MISTAKES  IN  READING  OLD  DOCU- 
MENTS (2nd  S.  ix.  90,  91.)— I  met  the  words 
"  supervisor  aut  supervisores  "  the  other  day  in  a 
conveyance  of  1680  in  the  sense  of  "  survivor  or 
survivors.''  There  could  be  no  doubt  about  the 
reading,  as  the  words  were  written  at  full  length 
and  with  the  long  *  (f )  in  each  case,  and  other 
documents  relating  to  the  same  had  "  superstes 
aut  superstites."  The  same  set  of  deeds  added 
another  to  the  thousands  of  instances  of  mistakes 
made  in  the  transcription  of  such  documents  by 
persons  unacquainted  with  local  names,  or  who 
cannot  read  the  characters.  A  copy  had  been 
made  of  one  in  a  somewhat  modern  hand,  in 
which  one  of  the  witnesses'  names  figured  in  one 
place  as  "  Jo.  Birkes  "  (which  was  ri<zht),  and  in 
another  as  "Jo.  Skerles  ;  "  whilst  "Va.  (i.e.  Va- 
lentine) Hurt "  figured  as  Th.  Hurt.  There  are 
numbers  of  such  instances  in  the  printed  public 
records,  as  those  who  consult  them  know  to  their 
sorrow.  The  following  came  lately  under  my  own 
notice :  the  Sitwells  of  Renishaw  are  described 
in  one  place  as  of  Kemshaw.  In  the  Index  to  the 
Hundred  Rolls,  North  Ecclesfield  is  entef ed  under 
N,  as  if  one  word,  and  not  at  all  under  E. 

J.  EASTWOOD. 

PETS  DE  RELIGIEUSES  (2nd  S.  ix.  90.)  —  I  have 
heard  my  late  father  say  that  these  were  the  lightest 
possible  species  of  pancake  of  about  the  size  of  a 
crown  piece,  and  that  they  appeared  on  the  tables 
of  the  nobility  till  the  end  of  the  last  century. 


They  were  made  by  dropping  a  single  drop  of  the 
thinnest  possible  batter  into  the  frying-pan,  which 
caused  the  batter  to  rise  up  very  hollow  and  very 
thin,  and  to  become  very  crisp  —  such  were  pets 
de  religieuses.  F.  A.  CARRINGTON. 

Ogbourne  St.  George. 

CRINOLINE  :  "  PLON-PLON  "  (2nd  S.  ix.  83.)  - 
The  derivation  of  this  first  word,  already  given  in 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  appears  satisfactory  :  perhaps,  how- 
ever, it  may  be  admissible  to  state  that  a  news- 
paper paragraph  assigns  the  first  idea  of  weaving 
horsehair  into  petticoats  to  a  Parisian  modiste  — 
Madame  Crinoline. 

A  correspondent  of  The  Examiner  deduces 
"  plon-plon"  from  the  old  French  name  for  a  duck 
that  duelled  its  head.  Plongeon  is  certainly  diver, 
sea-mew.  R.  F.  SKETCHLEY. 

CRISPIN  TUCKER  (2nd  S.  ix.  11.)  —  In  the 
Chronicles  of  London  Bridge,  Smith  &  Elder, 
1827,  Crispin  Tucker  is  mentioned  (p.  391.)  as 
"  a  waggish  bookseller  and  author  of  all-work  — 
the  owner  of  half  a  shop  on  the  east  side  of  London 
Bridge,  under  the  Southern  gate."  At  p.  392. 
the  reader  is  referred  to  the  eighth  and  ninth 
chapters  of  Wine  and  Walnuts,  London,  1823,  for 
"  An  amusing  account  of  Dean  Swift's  and  Pope's 
visits  and  conversations  with  Crispin  Tucker.'*  * 

F.L. 

ADAM  DE  CARDONNELL  (2ud  S.  ix.  24.)  —This 
gentleman  was  the  author  of  Numismata  Scotia, 
and  the  Picturesque  Antiquities  of  Scotland.  He 
came  into  possession  of  property  in  Northumber- 
land in  rather  a  curious  way  :  calling  one  day 
upon  his  friend  Mr.  Lawson  of  Chirton  and  Cram- 
lington,  he  found  him  in  the  act  of  making  his 
will,  and  to  avoid  disputes  entailing  his  estates  on, 
several  relatives  in  succession.  Mr.  de  Cardonnell,, 
by  way  of  a  joke,  asked  Mr.  Lawson  to  put  him. 
at  the  end  of  the  entail,  which  he  consented  to  do. 
In  process  of  time,  by  the  death  of  those  named 
before  him,  Mr.  De  Cardonnell  succeeded  to  the 
property,  and  served  the  office  of  high  sheriff'  for 
the  county.  What  was  his  connexion  with  Burns 
I  must  leave  to  others  to  ascertain.  His  eldest 
son  Mansfeldt  de  Cardonnell  Lawson,  Esq.,  died 
without  issue  at  Acton  House,  Northumberland, 
November  21st,  1838.  E.  H.  A. 

DUTCH-BORN  CITIZENS  OF  LONDON  (2nd  S.  ix. 
64.)  —  By  force  of  various  statutes  a  person  born 
out  of  her  Majesty's  dominions,  his  father,  or 
grandfather  by  the  fathers  side,  being  a  natural- 
born  subject,  is  no  alien,  but  is  himself  a  natural- 
born  subject.  By  the  Act  7  &  8  Viet.  c.  66.  s.  3., 
a  person  born  out  of  her  Majesty's  dominions,  of 
a  mother  being  a  natural-born  subject,  may  inherit 
land,  or  take  it  by  devise  or  purchase  ;  in  no  other 
respect,  however,  is  he  or  she  to  be  considered  a 
natural-born  subject.  Perhaps  it  would  be  as 


188 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAR.  10.  '60. 


well  to  explain  here  a  few  of  the  disabilities 
under  which  aliens  labour.  Aliens  are  incapable 
of  taking  by  descent  or  inheriting;  and  since  they 
have  no  inheritable  blood  in  them,  they  can  have 
no  heirs.  At  common  law,  too,  aliens  could  not 
be  the  channels  of  descent,  but  by  11  &  12  Will. 
III.  c.  6.  all  persons,  being  natural-born  subjects 
of  the  sovereign,  may  inherit  and  make  their  titles 
by  descent  from  any  of  their  ancestors,  lineal  or 
collateral,  although  their  father  or  mother,  or 
other  ancestor,  by,  from,  through,  or  under  whom 
they  derive  their  pedigrees  were  born  out  of  the 
King's  allegiance.  This  statute  is  modified  by 
25  Geo.  II.  c.  39.,  which  provides  that  no  right  of 
inheritance  shall  accrue  by  virtue  of  the  last- 
mentioned  statute  to  any  persons  whatsoever, 
unless  they  are  in  being,  and  capable  of  taking 
as  heirs  at  the  death  of  the  person  last  seized. 
In  case,  however,  lands  shall  descend  to  the 
daughter  of  an  alien,  such  descent  shall  be  set 
aside  in  favour  of  a  posthumous  or  after-born 
brother;  or  the  estate  shall  be  divided  with  an 
after-born  sister  or  after-born  sisters,  according 
to  the  usual  rule  of  descents  by  the  common  law. 
By  section  5  of  the  statute  of  Victoria  referred  to 
above,  an  alien,  being  the  subject  of  a  friendly 
state,  may  hold  any  lands,  houses,  or  other  tene- 
ments, for  the  purpose  of  occupation  by  him  or 
his  servants,  or  for  the  purpose  of  any  business, 
trade,  or  manufacture,  for  a  term  not  exceeding 
twenty-one  years,  as  fully  as  if  he  were  a  natural- 
born  subject,  except  as  to  the  right  to  vote  at  the 
election  of  members  of  parliament.  J.  A.  PN. 

ARCHIEPISCOPAL  MITRES  AND  HATS  (2nd  S.  ix. 
67.)  —  May  not  the  custom  of  adorning  the  mitres 
of  archbishops  with  a  ducal  coronet  have  taken  its 
rise  from  the  circumstance  that  the  tiara  of  the 
Pope  is  ornamented  with  three  coronets,  while 
that  of  the  Patriarchs  is  similarly  decorated  with 
two.  The  next  grade  (Archbishops)  would  seem 
naturally  entitled  to  one. 

I  have,  however,  never  seen  the  arms  of  any 
foreign  ecclesiastic  timbred  with  a  mitre  rising 
from  a  coronet,  though  a  coronet  is  by  no  means 
uncommonly  placed  above  the  shield  and  under 
the  hat. 

In  the  description  of  the  external  ornaments  of 
the  arms  of  the  French  archbishops  given  in  Simon's 
Armorial  General  de  V Empire  Frangais,  I  find 
they  were  to  be  "  surmontes  d'un  chapeau  rouge 
&  larges  bords  avec  des  cordons  de  sole  de  meme 
couleur."  Is  there  a  mistake  here,  or  did  Xapo- 
leon  really  arrogate  to  himself  the  right  to  deco- 
rate his  archbishops  with  the  red  hat  of  a  cardinal, 
instead  of  the  green  one  properly  belonging  to 
their  rank?  J.  W. 

"  KECK-HANDED  "  (2nd  S.  viii.  483.)  —There  is 
a  word  in  Irish  signifying  /p/if-handed,  in  which 
perhaps  A.  A.  may  find  the  origin  of  this  expres- 


sion.  The  word  to  which  I  refer,  if  spelled  in 
English  as  it  is  pronounced,  would  look  something 
like  "  Kehogue."  The  Irish  family  name  of 
"  Keogh  "  may  have  something  to  do  with  this. 
How  is  the  name  of  "  Ehud,"  the  left-handed 
judge  (mentioned  in  Judg.  iii.  15.)  spelt  in  He- 
brew ?  *  C.  LE  POER  KENNEDY. 

St.  Albans. 

BURIAL  IN  A  SITTING  POSTURE  (2nd  S.  ix.  44.  94. 
131.)  — I  remember  the  funeral  of  a  native  Afri- 
can named  Yarrow,  which  took  place  at  George- 
town, adjacent  to  the  city  of  Washington,  in  the 
United  States,  about  twenty-five  years  ago.  The 
deceased  was  very  old  (more  than  120  years  of 
age),  and  had  been  brought  direct  from  Africa 
nearly  a  century  before.  Yarrow  had  evidently 
been  a  person  of  importance  in  his  native  country. 
He  spoke  and  wrote  Arabic  fluently  and  readily, 
and  was  a  Mahometan  in  his  religious  faith.  He 
was  buried,  at  his  own  urgent  request,  in  a  sitting 
posture. 

One  or  two  of  the  ex-royal  family  of  Oude 
were,  I  think,  buried  in  a  similar  posture  in  Paris, 
a  very  few  years  ago.  PISHEY  THOMPSON. 

Stoke  Newington. 

SONGS  AND  POEMS  (2nd  S.  ix.  123.)— I  have  a 
little  book,  answering  ALOYSIUS'S  description  in 
every  respect  but  the  extent  of  paging :  mine 
having  "Finis"  upon  p.  156.,  where  an  "  Epitaph 
to  a  late  Ordinary  of  Newgate"  ends.  The  half- 
title  is,  Delicice  Poeticce ;  or,  Parnassus  Displayed, 
frc.  The  full  title,  Mirth  Diverts  all  Care ;  being 
Excellent  New  Songs,  conposed  by  the  most  Sele- 
brated  [sic]  Wits  of  the  Age,  on  Divers  Subjects,  viz. 
(here  follow  a  list  of  the  leading  pieces,  twenty- 
five  in  number,)  with  many  more  rare  Songs 
worthy  of  the  Header's  Esteem.  London  :  printed 
and  sold  by  the  Booksellers  of  London  and  West- 
minster, 1715.  The  running  title  throughout, 
"  Songs  and  Poems,  &c."  The  book  perfect,  an- 
swering to  the  table  of  contents;  Preface  four 
pages,  signed  "  Philomusus."  J.  0. 

GUMPTION  (2nd  S.  ix.  125.)— Mr.  S.  Pegge,  in 
his  Supplement  to  Grose,  gives — "  Gutntion,  un- 
derstanding, contrivance.  He  has  no  gumtion,  i.e. 
he  sets  about  it  awkwardly — Kent.  From  gawm" 
Under  the  last  word  he  gives — "  Gawn  well  now, 
i.e.  take  heed.  Yet  a  great  gawming  fellow  means 
also  awkward  and  lubberly — North."  "  Gawm- 
less,  stupid,  awkward,  lubberly."  In  this  sugges- 
tion we  seem  to  have  the  "better"  derivation  that 
shall  "  set  aside  the  whole"  of  those  offered  in  the 
Editorial  answer.  Is  "gumptious"  ever  used? 

The  word  gumption  reminds  me  of  bumptious, 
for  which  I  have  long  sought  a  satisfactory  deri- 
vation. Some  time  ago  I  met  with  a  note  by  the 
Rev.  H.  Christmas  to  this  effect :  "  At  the  Uni- 

[*  Ehud  in  Hebrew  is  >in«.] 


2»d  S.  IX.  MAR.  10.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


189 


verities  a  singular  word  has  been  invented  to 
imply  *  nompous?  It  is  *  bumptious  ;'  a  word  that 
sounds  expressive  enough,  but  of  which  it  would 
be  very  difficult  to  trace  the  derivation."  Now, 
if  "bumptious"  be  indeed  a  piece  of  University 
slang  —  and  it  is  certainly  a  word  that  one  hears 
more  frequently  at  College  than  elsewhere  —  and 
if  it  be  anything  more  than  a  corruption  of 
"  pompous,"  may  it  not  have  been  invented  to 
express  the  peculiar  "cockiness"  (to  use  a  sy- 
nonymous slang  word)  of  the  members  of  a  Col- 
lege whose  boat  has  just  "  bumped"  the  one  a-head 
of  her  in  the  annual  boat-races  ?  This  suggestion 
may  seem  absurd  ;  but  I  offer  it  in  all  good  faith. 

ACHE. 

Is  not  gumptious  a  mere  vulgarisation  of  the 
Latin  word  compos  ?  I  have  frequently  heard  it 
pronounced  by  illiterate  people,  gumpos. 

CARLISLE. 

For  some  suggestions  on  the  etymology  of  this 
•word,  and  of  its  synonym,  "Rummelgumption,"  it 
may  be  worth  while  to  refer  to  Jamieson's  Scottish 
Dictionary.  R.  S.  Q. 

PATROCLUS  (2Dd  S.  viii.  129.)  —The  author,  I 
think,  meant  the  Patrocles  of  Aristophanes,  not 
the  Patroclus  of  Homer.  The  former  might  have 
"  daily  sought  Ilyssus'  flowery  brim,"  which  was 
quite  out  of  the  way  of  the  latter  :  — 

"  'E»c  Ho.TpOKA.eovs  ep^o/uat 
"Os  OVK  eXovo-ar'  e£  orovn-ep  e-yeVero." 

Pluius,  v.  84. 

It  is,  however,  noticeable  that  Achilles  in  his 
prayer  to  Zeus  on  behalf  of  Patroclus  expressly 
mentions  the  dirty  Selli  of  Dodona:  — 


"  Zev,  S.VOL,  Aco&oi/ate,  jreAaxrytiee  TqXoBi  vaiu>v 
AwfiaJvTjs  fieSfdiv  Sv<rxei/me'pov'  a^l  fie  SeAAot 
2oi  vaiovs'  vnxx/njTai  afiTTTOTroSes,  \ttno.ievvai" 

II.  xvi.  233. 

H.  B.  C. 
U.  U.  Club. 

HOLDING  UP  THE  HAND  (2nd  S.  ix.  72.)  —  At 
the  arraignment  of  the  regicides,  Thomas  Harri- 
son at  first  refused  to  hold  up  his  hand  till  the 
Lord  Chief  Baron,  Judge  Foster,  and  other  judges 
told  him  his  duty  in  that  particular,  after  which 
he  said  I  conceive  it  is  but  a  formality,  and  there- 
fore I'll  do  it.  ITHURIEL. 

LES  MYSTERES,  &c.  (2nd  S.  ix.  144.)—  Though 
I  cannot  answer  fully  the  queries  of  FITZHOPKINS, 
the  following  information  may  be  acceptable  to 
him.  The  book  about  which  he  inquires,  which  I 
have  not  seen,  is  ascribed  to  Bebescourt  by  Bar- 
bier,  No.  12,256,  on  the  authority  of  a  note  in  the 
copy  belonging  to  Moet,  the  French  translator  of 
Swedenborg's  works.  Querard,  too,  enters  it 
under  Bebescourt,  but  gives  no  account  of  the 
author,  and  I  regret  to  say  that  I  cannot  supply 
the  deficiency. 

There  seems  to   be  no  reason  to  question  the 


fact  that  the  work  was  printed  in  London.  Wil- 
liam Baker,  a  well-known  printer,  succeeded  to 
the  business  of  Mr.  Kippax,  in  Cullum  street,  and 
immediately  went  into  partnership  with  John 
William  Galabin.  They  subsequently  removed 
to  Ingram  Court,  Fenchurch  Street.  The  initial 
"  G"  in  both  of  the  printers'  names,  of  course, 
means  "  Guillaume."  Baker  died  in  1785,  and  an 
account  of  him  will  be  found  in  Nichols'  Literary 
Anecdotes,  vol.  iii.  p.  715.  Galabin  survived 
till  1824,  and  a  notice  of  him  is  inserted  in  the 
Gentleman's  Magazine  for  that  year,  Part  ii.,  p. 
283.  Peter  Elmsly  was  a  highly  respectable 
bookseller  in  the  Strand.  He  was  the  confidential 
friend  of  Gibbon,  and  was  connected  with  most  of 
the  leading  literary  men  of  his  day.  He  died  3d 
May,  1802.  Some  particulars  of  his  life  are  given 
in  Nichols'  Literary  Anecdotes,  vi.  441. 

SAMUEL  HALKETT. 
Advocates'  Library. 

CALCUITH  (2nd  S.  viii.  205.)— The  objection 
that  Chelsea  is  not  in  the  Kingdom  of  Mercia  is 
still  better  met  by  the  fact  that  the  King  of 
Mercia  granted  a  charter  to  the  Monastery  of 
Thorney,  now  Westminster,  (which  is  about  three 
miles  from  Chelsea),  on  the  very  year  that  the 
synod  was  held. 

Though  Chelsea  is,  as  Mr.  BUCKTON  shows 
clearly,  derived  from  chalk-hythe,  I  do  not  think 
that  it  ever  bore  that  exact  name,  the  nearest  ap- 
proaches to  it  being  in  1291,  when  it  was  called 
chelc-hethe,  and  in  the  manorial  records  for 
Edward  I.  Chelchuthe.  Even  as  late  as  1692  it  is 
called  Chelchey,  a  very  slight  transition  from  the 
Chelchethe  of  four  centuries  before. 

From  the  total  absence  of  chalk  for  miles 
round,  the  chalk-harbour  must  have  been  only  for 
the  reception  of  chalk.  CHELSEGA. 

NIGHTINGALE  AND  THORN  (1st  S.  iv.  175.  &c.) 
— In  1st  S.  xi.  293.,  an  allusion  is  quoted  from 
Britannia's  Pastorals,  by  William  Browne.  The 
reference,  not  there  given,  is  book  ii.  (1616)  song 
iv.,  v.  253-257.  Add,  ibid,  book  i.  (1613)  song 
iii.  v.  149. 

"  Sad  Philomela  gan  on  the  hawthorn  sing. 

Each  beast,  each,  bird,  and  each  day-toiling  wight 

Received  the  comfort  of  the  silent  night; 

Free  from  the  gripes  of  sorrow  every  one, 

Except  poor  Philomel  and  Doridon : 

She  on  a  thorn  sings  sweet,  though  sighing  strains, 

He  on  a  couch  more  soft,  more  sad  complains." 

ACHE. 

HYMN  BOOK  (2nd  S.  ix.  102.)  — The  hymn- 
book  in  the  possession  of  C.  D.  H.  is  a  collection 
by  John  Edwards,  many  years  minister  of  the 
Gospel  at  Leeds,  in  Yorkshire,  and  is  the  first 
edition.  Preface  and  contents,  pp.  24. ;  hymns, 
192  pp.  Leeds,  1756. 

The  same  book  (word  for  word)  was  also  pub- 


190 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAK.  10.  '60. 


lished  in  London  the  same  year  by  Charles  Skel- 
ton,  minister  of  the  Gospel,  Southwark.  pp.  24., 
and  192.  London,  1756. 

In  1769,  Mr.  Edwards  issued  the  second  edi- 
tion, with  additions  and  alterations,  pp.  24.  and 
191.  Leeds,  1769. 

A  copy  of  either  of  these  can  be  procured  by 
applying  to  the  address  below. 

DANIEL  SEDGWICK. 

Sun  Street,  City. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

Pagan  or  Christian,  or  Notes  for  the  General  Public  on 
our  National  Architecture.  By  W.  J.  Cockburn  Muir. 
(Bent  ley.) 

We  have  read  with  much,  interest  this  able  little  work, 
in  which  the  author  enters  very  fully  upon  the  question 
of  our  National  Architecture.  Mr.  Muir  gives  a  series  of 
historical  reminiscences,  from  which  he  shows  that  during 
a  perio'l  of  five  hundred  years,  viz.,  from  the  middle  of 
the  eleventh  to  the  middle  of  the  sixteenth  century,  we 
had  a  National  Architecture,  influencing  and  pervading 
the  whole  of  our  buildings,  whether  secular  or  ecclesias- 
tical :  the  distinction  in  favour  of  the  latter  being  only 
that  for  them  was  reserved  all  that  was  most  beautiful  or 
costly.  Mr.  Muir  then  strongly  urges  that  we  should 
commence  a  return  to  our  national  style  by  the  erection 
of  our  Public  Offices  in  the  spirit,  at  all  events,  of  English 
Gothic.  The  book  contains  many  valuable  suggestions, 
and  will  be  especially  useful  to  those  who  are  desirous  to 
know  something  of  the  "  Gothic  or  Italian "  question 
without  going  very  deeply  into  the  study  of  architecture. 

The  Visitation  of  the  County  of  Yorke,  begun  in  A°.  Dni. 
MDCLXV.  and  finished  A°  Dni.  MDCLXVI.  By  William 
Dugdale,  Esq.,  Norroy  King  of  Armes.  (Surtees  Society.) 

This  valuable  genealogical  record,  containing  the  pedi- 
grees of  no  less  than  472  families,  is  now  for  the  first  time 
printed  entire  from  a  copy  in  the  handwriting  of  the  late 
Dr.  Kaine,  collated  by  the  Editor  with  Dugdale's  original 
copy,  which  has  been  for  many  years  the  property  of 
Miss  Currer  of  Eshton  Hall.  Its  publication  reflects 
great  credit  upon  the  Surtees  Society,  and  there  can  be 
no  doubt  of  the  care  with  which  it  has  been  produced, 
since  the  editorship  has  been  confided  to  one  so  thoroughly 
familiar  with  Yorkshire  and  all  that  belongs  to  it  as 
Mr.  Robert  Davies.  The  record  is  not  only  interesting 
and  valuable  to  the  men  of  York,  but  to  every  genea- 
logical student  in  England ;  yet  we  doubt  if  any  book- 
seller would  have  taken  the  risk  of  its  publication. 
Another  proof,  therefore,  is  hereby  afforded  of  the  value 
of  those  publishing  societies  which  form  so  important  a 
feature  in  the  literary  history  of  the  present  century. 
Good  service,  indeed,  has  the  Surtees  Society  rendered 
to  historical  literature  on  many  occasions,  but  it  has 
rarely  done  better  than  in  committing  to  the  press  the 
last  of  the  heraldic  visitations  of  the  great  county  of 
York. 

The  Epigrams  of  Martial  translated  into  English  Prose, 
Each  accompanied  by  One  or  more  Verse  Translations  from 
the  Works  of  English  Poets,  and  various  other  Sources. 
(Bohn.) 

Lord  Byron  declared  that  no  good  story  was  ever  in- 
vented. He  might  have  said  the  same  of  good  jokes. 
The  classical  student  recognises  in  Martial's  Epigrams 
neat  and  well-turned  versions  of  the  best  jokes  current 
in  Rome  when  Martial  wrote,  and  many  of  which  he 


finds  again,  mutatis  mutandis,  in  our  own  Joe  Miller.  How 
far  this  is  true  the  mere  English  reader  may  now  readily 
convince  himself  by  a  perusal  of  the  present  volume, 
which  will,  we  suspect,  be  far  from  the  least  popular  of 
the  Series  —  Bohns  Classical  Library  — to  which  it 
belongs. 


BOOKS    AND     ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price.  &c.,of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  sentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
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rura,  clolocxxxiv.    Elzevir  edition.    Tom  I. 

Wanted  by  P.  J.  Harte,  52.  St.  John's  Wood  Terrace. 

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SIR  THOMAS  BROW VR'S  WORKS.    4  Vols.    Large  paper.   Pickering. 
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ta 

SIR  MATTHEW  HA  I.E.  Our  correspondent  may  feel  assured  that  the, 
matter  is  a  pure  fiction.  To  use  the  ivordx  of  a  very  competent  authority, 
to  whom  her  communication  was  referred  — 

"...     every  lawyer  of  tact 
Will  call  it  at  once  an  impossible  fact." 

D.  T.  R.  The  gallows  at  Tybu~n  stood  on  the  site  of  No.  49.  Con- 
naught  Square :  see  "N.  &  Q.,"  1st  S.  i.  180. 

LT.-COL.  H.  For  particulars  of  the  various  denominations  of  Chris- 
t'ans,  consult  Marxden's  Dictionary  of  Christian  Churches  and  Sects, 
and  The  Book  of  the  Denominations. 

M.  G.  A  disquisition  on  the  titles  of  the  Psalms  will  be  found  in 
Home's  Introduction,  1856,  vol.  ii.  pp.  740-9.,  and  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  1st  8. 
ix.  242.  457. 

D.  SEDOWICK.  Will  this  correspondent  state  whether  the  Rev.  Nicholas 
Bull  is  author  of  any  poetical  or  dramatic  pieces,  published  or  unpub- 
lished ? 

C.  B.    "A  Roland  for  an  Oliver,"  is  explained  in  our  1st  S.  i.  234.; 
ii.  132.;ix.457. 

G.  E.  W.  On  the  ancient  use  of  the  double  F,  see  our  1st  S.  xii.  126. 
169.  201. 

D.  S.  E.    For  the  origin  of  the  word  Canard,  see  2nd  S.  ii.  370. 

G.  L.  ATKINS.  The  question  "  Whether  the  Duke  of  Wellington  was  a 
Mason"  has  recently  been  discussed  in  The  Freemasons'  Magazine. 

"  NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  alto 
issued  in  MONTHL*  PARTS.  The  subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
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favour  of  MESSRS.  BELL  AND  DALDY,186.  FLEET  STREET,  B.C.;  to  whom 
all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


2»d  S.  IX.  MAR.  10.  '60.] 


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UNITED   KINGDOM 

LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALI/MALL,  LONDON, 

S.W. 

The  Hon.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  Esq.,  Deputy  Chairman. 

FOURTH  DIVISION  OF  PROFITS. 

SPECIAL  NOTICE.-Parties  desirous  of  participating  in  the  fourth 
division  of  profits  to  be  declared  on  all  policies  effected  prior  to  the  31st 
December  next  year,  should,  in  order  to  enjoy  the  same,  make  imme- 
diate application.  There  have  alreadv  been  three  divisions  of  profits, 
and  the  bonuses  divided  have  averaged  nearly  2  per  cent,  per  annum  on 
the  sums  assured,  or  from  30  to  100  per  cent,  on  the  premiums  paid, 
without  imparting  to  the  recipients  the  risk  of  copartnership,  as  is  the 
case  in  mutual  societies. 

To  show  more  clearly  what  these  bonuses  amount  to,  three  following 
cases  are  put  forth  as  examples  : 

Sum  Insured.        Bonuses  added.        Amount  payable  up  to  Dec.,  1861 
£5,000  *  1,937  10*.  46.987  10*. 

1,000  397  l<>*.  1,397  10*. 

100  39  15s.  139  15*. 

Notwithstanding  these  large  additions,  the  premiums  are  on  the 
lowest  scale  compatible  with  security  for  the  payment  of  the  policy  when 
death  arises;  in  addition  to  which  advantages,  one  half  of  th<^  premiums 
may,  it  de^red,  for  the  term  of  five  y«-ars,  remain  unpaid  at  ft  per  cent, 
interest,  the  other  half  being  advanced  by  the  company  without  security 
or  deposit  of  the  policy. 

The  Assets  of  the  Company  at  the  31st  December,  1858,  exclusive  of 
the  large  subscribed  Capital,  amounted  to  «1j52,>>l&  *s.  1<W..  all  of  which 
has  been  invested  in  Government  and  other  approved  securities. 

No  charge  for  Volunteer  Military  Corps  whilst  serving  in  the  United 
Kingdom. 

Policy  Stamps  paid  by  the  Office. 

Immediate  application  should  be  made  to  the  Resident  Director,  8. 
Waterloo  Place,  Pall  Mall.-By  order, 

P.  MACINTYRE,  Secretary. 


W 


ESTER]*     LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 

ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON, S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1841. 


H.E.JJicknell.Esq. 

,  Kec 


Directors. 

E.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Mai-son.  Esq. 
A.  Robinson,  Esq. 
J.  L.  Seager  ,  Ksq. 
J.B.  White,  Esq. 


T.  8.  Cocks, 

O.  H.Drew,  Esq^.M.A. 

W.  Freeman, Esq. 

F.Fuller.Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq. 

Physician — W.  B.  Basham,  M.D. 

Bankers — Messrs.  Cocks,  Bidriulph.andCo. 

Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  thin  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
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ditions Detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

LOANS  from  100Z.  to  sou/,  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 
Security. 

.  Attention  is  also  invited  to  t^eratrs  of  annuity  granted  to  old  lives, 
or  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 
Example :  100Z.  cash  paid  down  purchases— An  annuity  of — 
£  s.  d. 

10   4    0  to  a  male  life  aged  60) 
12    8    1  ,,  65  (Payable  as  long 

U  16   3  „  70f    asheisalive. 

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scholarship,  and  becomes  Rector  of  '  our  village.'  "  —  Aihawnim. 

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described."—  Globe. 


'  A  really  readable  and  well- written  tale."  —  Saturday  Review. 
"  It  is,  in  fact,  just  the  kind  of  work  to  place  in  a  village  library,  or 
>  lay  upon  the  table  of  'a  mechanics'  institution."—  Constitutional 

London  :  W.  TWEEDIE,  337.  Strand,  W.C. 


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S.  IX.  MAR.  17.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


191 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  MARCH  17.  18CO. 


N«.  220.—  CONTENTS. 

NOTES:  —  Sessions  of  Parliament  in  1610,  191—  Ancient 
Ballad,  193  —  Curious  Shrove  Tuesday  Custom  at  Westmin- 
ster School,  19i—  English  Bibles,  76. 


NOTES:  —  On  the  Use  of  Torture  —  Drinking  Foun- 
tains —  Babington  Family  —  Bunyan's  "  Pilgrim's  Pro- 
gress "  —  Labels  for  Books  —  Taylor  Club,  195. 
QUERIES  :  —  The  Scarlett  Family,  196  —  Sarah,  Duchess  of 
Somerset  —  Heraldic  —  Bishop  Horsley's  "  Sermons  on  S' 
Mark  vii.  26  "  —  Carnival  —  Books  of  Common  Prayer, 
1679  —  Frances  Lady  Atkyns  —  Cushions  on  Communion 
Table  —  Grace  Macaulay  —  Ancient  Poisons  —  London 
Riots  in  1780  —  Blackwell:  Etheridgc  —  Shakspeare's  Jug 

—  Tyrwhitt's  Opuscula—  Political  Pseudonymes  —  Smitch 

—  "  Additions  to  Pope's  Works  "  —  Heraldic  —  The  Border 
Elliotts  and  Armstrongs  —  Poetical  Periodicals—  Order  of 
Prayer  in  French  —  Initials  of  an  Artist,  197. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  —  "  Emerald  Isle  "  —  Mose,  Mo- 
selle, Muswell  —  Plutarch  —  Fonda  —  Plate—  Dogs,  199. 

REPLIES  :  —  "  Prugit,"  200  —  The  Society  of  Dilettanti,  201 

—  Heraldic  Engraving,  203  —  Burial  of  Priests,  204—  Eudo 
de  Rye  —  "  Pigtails  and  Powder  "  —  John  Bradshaw's  Let- 
ter —  "  Cat  "  —  Marriage  Law  —  Chalk  Drawing—  Epigram 
on  Homer  —  Baisels  of  Baize  —  The  Prussian  Iron  Medal 

—  Hornbooks  —  Cut  your  Stick—  The  Nine  Men's  Morris 

—  The  Land  of  Byheest  —  Passage  in  Grotius  —  Matthew 
Scrivener  —  Blue  Blood—  The  Young  Pretender  —  Samuel 
Daniel,  205. 

Monthly  Feuilleton  on  French  Books,  Ac. 


SESSIONS  OF  PARLIAMENT  IN  1610. 
I  should  be  glad  to  know  whether  attention  has 
ever  been  drawn  to  a  small  MS.  in  the  Museum 
library  (Sloane  MS.,  No.  4210.),  by  the  help  of 
which  a  lost  page  may  be  restored  to  our  parlia- 
mentary history. 

It^is  well  known  that  at  the  close  of  the  Long 
Session,  which  was  brought  to  an  end  by  the  pro- 
rogation on  July  23,  1610,  the  House  of  Com- 
mons had  agreed  to  provide  the  king  with  a  sum 
of  200,OOOZ.  per  annum,  on  condition  of  his  sur- 
rendering the  profits  arising  from  the  feudal 
tenures,  and  that  the  members  left  Westminster 
with  the  understanding  that  a  session  was  to  be 
held  in  the  autumn  for  the  purpose  of  taking  into 
consideration  the  best  method  of  levying  the 
money. 

It  is  also  well  known  that  this  session  com- 

d  on  Oct.  16,  and  that  Parliament  had  not 

'oeu  long  sitting  when  a  quarrel  broke  out  be- 

ecn  the  king  and  the  House  of  Commons  which 

Tought  about  a  prorogation  on  Dec.  6,  which 

lily  followed  by  a  dissolution. 

jiiarrel  is  the  more  important,  because  it 

nay  tairly  be  regarded  as  the  commencement  of 

ong  struggle  which  only  ended  at  the  Revo- 

Yet  of  this  important  session  absolutely 

ng-is  known.    The  Commons'  Journals  are  a 


blank,  and  the  Lords'  Journals  give  no  informa- 
tion of  any  importance.  What  little  we  do  know- 
is  derived  from  a  letter  of  John  More  in  Win- 
wood's  Memorials^  from  a  series  of  letters  of  Sir 
Thomas  Lake,  preserved  in  the  State  Paper 
Office,  and  from  a  short  sentence  in  La  Boderie's 
Despatches.  But  all  that  can  be  gained  .from 
these  sources  relates  to  the  latter  part  of  the  ses- 
sion, when  the  quarrel  was  already  raging,  and 
gives  us  no  help  towards  any  knowledge  of  the 
causes  of  the  estrangement. 

This  deficiency  is  supplied  by  the  little  volume 
which  I  have  mentioned.  It  formerly  belonged  to 
the  collection  of  Dr.  Birch,  and  bears  upon  its  back 
the  unpromising  title,  "  Money  and  Trade."  The 
title  by  which  it  is  described  in  the  Catalogue  is 
more  to  the  purpose,  but  it  covers  under  an  "  &c." 
the  part  of  the  volume  which  gives  it  its  real  im- 
portance. 

The  MS.  is  a  copy,  taken  in  the  handwriting  of 
the  period,  of  some  notes  of  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Commons,  who  sat  through  both  the  ses- 
sions of  1610.  From  the  manner  in  which  addi- 
tions and  interlineations  are  introduced,  it  seems 
probable  that  the  person  who  originally  took  the 
notes  was  himself  the  copyist,  and  that  on  reading 
over  the  MS.  at  a  subsequent  time,  he  added  a 
few  words  here  and  there  as  his  memory  might 
suggest  them. 

Even  the  reports  of  the  earlier  session  are  ex- 
tremely valuable.  They  do  not  profess  to  give 
every  debate,  but  confine  themselves  almost  ex- 
clusively to  those  which  were  connected  with  the 
great  contract  for  tenures,  and  the  principal 
grievances  of  the  Commons.  Whatever  is  re- 
ported, however,  is  given  with  much  greater  ful- 
ness than  anything  else  which  we  have  of  this 
session.  The  great  debate  on  the  impositions,  of 
which  there  is  no  trace  upon  the  Journals,  which 
take  no  note  of  discussions  in  committee,  is  recor- 
ded in  these  notes. 

The  main  interest,  however,  of  the  book  lies  in 
the  last  few  pages.  Of  the  first  fortnight  of  the 
autumn  session  no  information  is  given.  This 
part  of  the  MS.  commences  as  follows  :  — 

"  Wensday. 

"  Ult.  Octbr 

"  Wee  were  before  his  ma*y  at  Whyte  hall,  at  what 
tyme  he  made  a  speech  unto  us  blaming  us  for  our  slack- 
ness &  many  delayes  in  the  great  matter  of  contract  by 
meanes  w_hearof  his  debts  did  dayley  swell  &  his  wants  in- 
crease upo  hym.  And  therefore  he  requyred  us  upo  our 
next  meeting  to  review  the  memorial  agreed  upo  the  end 
of  the  last  sessio  And  thereupo  to  resolve  &  to  send  him 
a  resolute  &  a  speedy  answer  whither  wee  would  proceed 
with  the  contract  yea  or  noe.  And  thearin  he  sayd  he 
should  be  beholden  unto  us  thoe  wee  did  deny  to  proceed 
because  then  he  might  resolve  upo  some  other  course  to  be 
taken  for  supplie  of  his  wants,  for  he  sayd  he  was  re- 
solved to  cutt  his  coate  according  to  his  cloathe  vich  he 
could  not  doe  till  he  knewe  what  cloath  he  should  have  to 
make  it  of. 

"  He  told  a  story  of  the  frenchma  that  thanked  the 


192 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  MAR.  17.  '60. 


king  for  playnly'denying  hym  bis  suyt  whearby  he  saved 
much  charge  &  labour. 

"3  November  1610 

"  An  answer  to  ye  king  framed  and  offred  by  Sr  Mau- 
rice Barklej',  \vch  being  read  was  disliked  as  too  [cere- 
monious &  complementical  &  not  real  &  actual]  ? 

"  The  answer  was  to  excuse  our  slowness  by  want  of 
copetet  number. 

"  And  that  if  our  demands  be  granted,  &  no  more  shall 
be  imposed  upo  the  land,  his  ma*y  shall. p'ceave  that  wee 
now  are  as  constant  to  p'sever  in  the  contract  as  wee  were 
forward  to  undertake  it. 

"  Sr  Roger  Owen  divers  things  to  be  p'vided  for  other- 
wise he  was  unwilling  the  contract  should  proceed. 

"  1  Our  security  to  be  p'vided  for  by  a  full  answer  to 
our  grievances,  no  gap  to  be  left  open  for  the  king  to 
impose  up<5  his  sub*' 

"  2  meanes  to  levy  it  to  be  such  as  it  may  be  leaste 
burdensoe  to  the  subiect 

"  3  p'vision  to  be  made  that  this  200,000«£  be  not  dob- 
led  nor  trebled  by  inhansing  of  the  coyne  by  the  king 

"  p'vision  that  the  explanac.55  of  doubts  may  be  by 
parliamt.  And  that  wee  may  have  parliamts  hereafter 
thoe  the  kings  wants  be  fully  supplied 

"  He  sayd  that  the  revenues  of  the  Abbeys  dissolved 
according  to  the  old  rents  was  but  133,060j£  and  he 
vouched  BP  Jewell  for  it 

"  5  provisio"  that  this  200,000£  may  not  be  alienated 
from  the  crowne. 

"  5  Novembr 
"  A  message  l>y  his  mat?  by  the  fpedker. 

"  His  ma*y  having  by  his  speech  in  p'so  upo  inst  & 
apparant  reasons  drawne  fro  his  necessities  requyred 
our  resolutio  concerning  the  contract  thinks  fit  to  omitt 
nothing  that  may  further  our  p'ceeding  wthout  mis- 
taking or  losse  of  tyme ;  he  is  pleased  to  represent  unto 
us  the  cleere  mirrour  of  his  hart,  &  to  sett  before  us  the 
essential  parts  of  the  contract  lest  the  taking  of  things 
by  partes  might  induce  any  oblivion  or  distractiO  in  the 
contemplatio  of  the  whole. 

"  1  He  declareth  that  it  never  was  his  Intentio  much 
less  his  agreement  to  proceed  fynally  wth  the  contract 
except  he  might  have  as  well  supplie  as  support  to  dis- 
ingage  hymself  fro"  his  debts.  In  reason  his  debts  must 
be  first  payd.  His  first  demande  for  the  supplie  of  his 
wants  and  after  the  poynt  of  tenures  &  the  distinctiO  of 
support  &  supplie  came  in  by  our  motio  for  his  supplie  he 
expected  to  receave  500,000£  thoe  it  be  lesse  then  will 
pay  his  debts  &  sett  him  cleere. 

"  The  subsidy  &  15th  last  given,  not  to  be  taken  as  p*  of 
that  somme  by ,  reasO  of  his  great  charge  since  for  the 
safety  &  honor  of  the  state  &  the  increase  of  his  wants. 
He  desyreth  to  knowe  our  meanings  clearly  what  wee 
ineane  to  doe  in  the  supplie. 

"  2  Upon  what  natures  the  support  may  be  raysed  his 
purpose  is  that  it  maj'  be  certayne  firme  &  stable  wthout 
the  meaner  sorte,  &  wthout  diminutio  of  his  present  profit 
The  recompence  of  the  present  officers  to  p'ceed  fro"  us  but 
not  fro  his  ma*y  wch  is  no  great  matter  considering  it  de- 
pends upo  theyre  lives,  and  that  it  is  not  warranted  by 
the  clause  wch  gives  us  power  to  add  or  diminish  becaus'e 
it  takes  p'ffitt  fro  his  ma1?.  And  therefore  he  expects 
200,000£  de  claro." 

Some  parts  of  this  "speech  are  not  very  clear. 
They  may,  however,  be  easily  explained  by  refer- 
ring to  former  or  subsequent  discussions.  When 
James  is  said  to  have  demanded  that  the  support 
should  be  "  certain,  firm,  and  stable,  without  the 
meaner  sort,"  these  last  words,  which  are  written 


as  an  interlineation,  where  there  was  not  room  to 

express  all  that  the  writer  remembered,  evidently 

j  refer  to  a  refusal  to  accept  the   proffered  sum 

1  except  the  whole  of  it  should  be  raised  from  the 

land,  so  as  to  be  stable,  and  not  to  press  upon  the 

"  meaner  sort." 

The  last  sentence  is  a  misinterpretation  of  a 
promise  of  the  Commons,  that  they  would  not 
claim  any  additional  concession  which  should  de- 
rogate from  the  King's  honour  or  profit.  James 
treats  the  demand  that  he  should  pension  the 
officers  who  would  lose  their  employment,  as  a 
new  demand  derogating  from  his  honour  or  profit. 
Even  if  the  House  of  Commons  had  yielded  in 
these  particulars,  the  proposal  that  he  should  only 
fulfil  his  part  if  the  Commons  granted  him 
500,000?.  down,  in  addition  to  the  annual  grant 
of  200,000/.  was  plainly  a  breach  of  the  contract, 
which  throws  the  onus  of  the  quarrel  upon  the 
King. 

The  MS.  proceeds  as  follows  :  — 

"  6  Nov.  1610. 

"  S*  Hierome  Horsey  moved  that  wee  might  meete  wth 
the  Ld»  to  acquaint  thej'me  wth  this  message  and  to  de- 
syre  theyme  to  conferre  it  wth  the  kings  letter  sent  to 
theyme  last  sessio  wch  they  coiviunicated  unto  us.  And 
to  know  whether  they  will  ioyne  wth  us  in  an  answer  to 
his  ma*?  or  els  to  doe  it  of  our  selves. 

"  Mr.  Brook  dislikes  the  motio  that  the  message  should 
be  compared  wth  the  letter,  for  that  might  give  some  dis- 
content, his  opinio  was  that  the  matter  of  supplie  is  the 
easiest  to  be  resolved  &  he  wished  it  may  be  granted. 
But  if  the  king  will  stand  to  the  3  other  pts  he  thinks  the 
contract  cannot  goe  forward. 

"  1  Impossible  fr  us  to  give  a  yearly  recompence  to  the 

officers,  for  as  they  fall  how  shall  the  land  be  discharged 

"  2  It  is  impossible  to_  rayse  200,000  out  of  the  land 

onely.     the  rest  out  of  mchandize  &  a  running  subsidy 

fro  the  monied  men 

"  3  Also  it  is  not  safe  (o  bargaine  except  the  imposi- 
tions be  cast  into  it,  and  that  the  king  be  restrayned  fro 
further  imposing 

"  Sr  Tho  Beomont.  If  wee  goe  forward  wee  are  undone 
charging  the  land  so  deeply  as  is  desyred.  And  on  the 
other  side  if  we  goe  not  forward  it  is  dangerous. 

"  The  lib'y  of  the  subjects  much  impeached,  magna 
charta  not  now  to  be  spoken  of.  The  statutes  of  5  E  1  & 
E  3  &  the  rest  restrayning  the  king  fro  imposing  not 
regarded  at  all.  The  36  statutes  against  purveyance  to 
no  purpose.  In  matter  of  government  how  stands  our  case. 
The  statute  of  1  Eliz.  was  first  intended  to  bridle  the 
papists  and  accordingly  used  in  his  knowledge.  But  now 
it  is  extended  to  all  offences  almost.  The  Avails  betwixt 
the  kinge  &  his  subtf  are  his  lawes.  Now  to  what  purpose 
are  lawes  if  his  matie  or  his  ministers  will  leape  over  or 
breake  downe  this  wall 

"  he  is  charged  by  his  contry  to  assent  &  go  forward 
wth  the  bargaine  &  to  adde  somethinge  fr  supply  so  that 
the  impositions  and  other  our  greavances  may  be  cast  in. 
But  to  yeald  to  this  that  is  now  desyred  he  cannot.  And 
therefore  he  wished  that  wee  might  desyre  his  ma*  to 
give  us  leave  to  acquaint  hym  what  wee  intend,  and  are 
able  to  doe  in  the  mattr  of  supplie  &  support,  and  howe 
wee  are  wills  it  may  be  levied.  And  thereupon  to  ac- 
quaint us  wth  his  resolution 

"  Mp  James.  He  could  not  assent  to  the  contract  unless 
all  the  impositions  were  taken  away,  &  all  arbitrary 


2**  S.  IX.  MAR.  17.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


193 


forms  of  govennt  &  restraynte  oflawe  by  p'clam  wthout 
wch  wee  may  sav  as  Peter  did  Maister  wee  have  laboured 
all  night  &  have  taken  nothinge.  He  wished  he  may 
never  heare  of  the  new  parlialTit  [phrase?]  wee  must 
give  supplie  wee  must  give  support 

"  Nich.  Hyde,  the  answer  he  wisheth  may  be  plaine 
upon  theise  "condieons  proposed  wee  cannot  proceed  wth 
the  contract 

"  Sr  J  Hollys  wisheth  that  wee  may  not  answer  before 
wee  have  acquainted  the  Lds  thearw*  &  so  to  proceed  to 
an  answer  wth  theyme  of  our  selves 

"  Sr  Ro.  Johnso";  he  would  not  have  putt  it  now  to  the 
questio  but  that  wther  wee  should  desyre  his  ma1?  that 
we  may  p'ceed  in  the  contract  &  that  wee  may  have 
satisfactory  assurance  £  then  no  doubt  :ve  shall  yeald  to 
any ?  that  shalbe  thought  reasonable 

"  Mr  Hoskyns.  Not  fitt  to  conferre  wth  the  Lds  for  the 
mene  m"  [  ?  main  matter]  of  supplie  ought  to  p'ceed 
fro"  us.  No  danger  to  p'ceede  to  the  questio"  for  it  may 
please  his  ma'y  to  recomend  it  unto  us  agayne  in  the  same 
state  it  was. 

"  Wheareupo  it  was  putt  to  the  questio  &  so  resolved 
that  wee  should  not  p'ceed  upo  theese  condicOns:  una 
voce." 

On  the  15th  the  Commons  received  the  king's 
answer,  to  the  effect  "  that  as  they  had  not  ac- 
cepted his  terms  he  did  not  see  how  they  could  go 
further  in  that  business." 

The  rest  of  the  session  was  taken  up  with  an 
attempt  of  Salisbury  to  obtain  supplies  by  giving 
up  some  minor  points  of  the  king's  prerogative. 
But  to  such  attempts  the  Commons  were  in  no 
humour  to  respond.  All  moderation  of  language 
was  now  thrown  off,  and  the  extravagance  of  the 
court  was  attacked  in  no  measured  terms.  James 
•was  told  that  he  should  be  content  "  to  live  of  his 
own  ;"  if  that  was  insufficient,  he  might  revoke 
the  pensions  which  he  had  granted  in  the  course 
of  his  reign.  At  length  he  lost  all  patience,  and 
dissolved  the  parliament.  It  was  only  by  the  wise 
caution  of  his  ministers  that  he  was  prevented 
from  sending  the  leading  speakers  to  the  Tower. 

S.  R.  GARDINER. 


ANCIENT  BALLAD. 

Your  correspondent  A.  (ante  143.)  has  renewed 
my  long  intention  of  sending  to  preserve  in  your 
work  a  very  complete  and  beautiful  old  ballad,  which 
I  learned  in  the  very  early  years  of  this  century, 
when  I  was  too  little  removed  from  infancy  to 
have  retained  it  perfectly,  had  not  an  elder  sister 
carried  on  the  legend.  We  were  taught  it  by  an 
old  washerwoman  at  East  Dereham,  in  Norfolk, — 
,  county  which,  beyond  its  celebrated  ballad  of 
The  Babes  in  the  Wood,"  is  singularly  barren 
in  legendary  lore.  This  makes  it  more  curious, 
that  a  ballad  so  perfect  should  have  been  found 
there.  I  have  long  wanted  to  insure  its  continued 
existence,  and  hope  you  will  preserve  it  in  your 
pages,  where  it  will  be  sure  to  be  found  in  many 
•  ing  centuries. 

ie  sweet  chant  to  which  the  old  woman  sang 
is  no  less  curious  and  valuable.     I  wish  it  were 


possible  for  you  also  to  perpetuate  that,  and  do 
not  see  why  you  could  not  give  those  few  lines  of 
music  ;  but  if  that  be  impossible,  I  would  ask  you 
to  send  the  music  to  A.,  for  he  will  value  it,  and 
give  it  a  chance  of  preservation.*  A.  J. 

Edinburgh. 

An  Ancient  Ballad. 
"  My  father  was  the  first  good  man 

Who  tied  me  to  a  stake; 
My  mother  was  the  first  good  woman 
Who  did  the  fire  make. 

"  My  brother  was  the  next  good  man 

Who  did  the  fire  fetch ; 
My  sister  was  the  next  good  woman 
Who  lighted  it  with  a  match. 

"  They  blew  the  fire,  they  kindled  the  fire, 

Till  it  did  reach  my  knee ; 
O  mother,  mother,  quench  the  fire  — 
The  smoke  will  smother  me ! 

"  0  had  I  but  my  little  foot-page, 

My  errand  he  would  run  — 
He  would  run  unto  gay  London, 
And  bid  my  Lord  come  home. 

"  Then  there  stood  by  her  sister's  child, 

Her  own  dear  sister's  son ; 
O  many  an  errand  I've  run  for  thee, 
And  but  this  one  I'll  run. 

f  "  He  ran  where  the  bridge  was  broken  down, 

He  bend  his  bow  and  swam, 
He  swam  till  he  came  to  the  good  green  turf, 
He  up  on  his  feet  and  ran. 

"  He  ran  till  he  came  at  his  uncle's  hall, 

His  uncle  sat  at  his  meat ; 
Good  mete,  good  mete,  good  uncle,  I  pray, 
0  if  you  knew  what  I'd  got  to  say, 

How  little  would  you  eat. 

"  0  is  my  castle  broken  down, 

Or  is  my  tower  won  ? 
Or  is  my  gay  lady  brought  o'bed 
Of  a  daughter  or  a  son  ? 

"  Your  castle  is  not  broken  down, 

Tour  tower  it  is  not  won ; 
Your  gay  lacty  is  not  brought  to  bed 
Of  a  daughter  or  a  son. 

"  But  she  has  sent  you  a  gay  gold  ring, 

With  a  posy  round  the  rim, 
To  know  if  you  have  any  love  for  -her, 
You'll  come  to  her  burning. 

"  He  called  down  his  merry-men  all, 

By  one,  by  two,  by  three ; 
He  mounted  on  his  milk-white  steed, 
To  go  to  Margery. 

"  They  blew  the  fire,  they  kindled  the  fire, 

Till  it  did  reach  her  head ; 
O  mother,  mother,  quench  the  fire, 
For  I  am  nearly  dead. 

"  She  turned  her  head  on  her  left  shoulder, 

Saw  her  girdle  hang  on  the  tree ; 
0  God  bless  them  that  gave  me  that  — 
They'll  never  give  more  to  me ! 

[*  The  tune  is  one  of  those  modifications  which  get 
about  by  imperfect  recollection  or  fancied  improvement 
of  the  old  tune  of  Clievy  Chase,  The  Children  in  the  Wood, 
and  ««  Oh,  ponder  well,"  in  The  Beggar's  Opera.— ED  . 


194 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  IX.  MAR.  17.  '60. 


She  turned  her  head  on  her  right  shoulder, 
Saw  her  lord  come  riding  home  — 

O  quench  the  fire,  my  dear  mother, 
For  I  am  nearly  gone. 

He  mounted  off  his  milk-white  steed, 

And  into  the  fire  he  ran, 
Thinking  to  save  his  gay  ladye, 

But  he  had  staid  too  long ! " 


CURIOUS    SHROVE-TUESDAY    CUSTOM    AT 
WESTMINSTER  SCHOOL. 

In  some  remote  parts  of  the  country  particular 
seasons  have  their  curious  old  customs  still  kept 
up  in  form,  though  shorn  of  their  former  sig- 
nificance, and  on  Shrove  Tuesday  last  any  one 
who  happened  to  be  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Dean's  Yard,  Westminster,  or  the  cloisters  near 
the  Deanery,  might  have  witnessed  a  singular  and 
amusing  if  not  edifying  scene. 

At  eleven  o'clock  in  the  morning  a  verger  of 
the  Abbey  in  his  gown,  bearing  the  silver  baton, 
emerged  from  the  College  kitchen,  followed — not 
by  one  of  the  dignitaries  of  the  church,  but  by  the 
cook  of  the  school,  who  also  was  habited  in  pro- 
fessional costume — white  apron,  jacket,  and  cap. 
The  cook,  who  seemed  to  feel  the  responsibilities 
of  his  dignified  position,  carried  on  a  platter  an 
article  which  a  peculiarly  fervid  imagination  might 
designate  a  pancake,  but  which  on  a  closer  in- 
spection appeared  suspiciously  like  a  crumpet  of 
pre-adamite  manufacture.  Cookey  marched  to- 
wards the  school-room,  where  the  boys  were  con- 
struing Homer  and  Virgil,  or  trying  hard  to 
discover  the  hidden  beauties  of  Euclid  the  de- 
testable, and  having  arrived  at  the  door  the  verger 
opened  it,  announcing  in  the  sonorous  tones  of 
a  Cheltenham  master  of  the  Ceremonies  — "  The 
Cook."  Thus  ushered  in,  the  honoured  func- 
tionary cast  an  eagle  glance  at  the  bar  which 
separates  the  upper  school  from  the  lower,  twirled 
the  farinaceous  delicacy  once  or  twice  round  in 
an  artistic  manner  in  the  pan,  and  then  tossed  it 
over  the  bar  into  a  mob  of  boys,  all  eager  to 
make  what,  we  believe,  is  termed  a  "  grab "  at 
it.  Then  followed  a  scene  of  scuffling,  kicking, 
shoving  (as  in  an  exciting  football  match  at  the 
wall  at  Eton)  which  must  be  uncommonly  plea- 
sant —  to  be  out  of,  and  after  the  lapse  of  a  few 
minutes  there  came  out  of  the  melee,  with  dis- 
ordered dress,  but  with  undaunted  mien  and  with 
,  unbroken  pancake,  a  big  town  boy,  named  Hawk- 
shaw,  who  proceeded  with  the  delicious  product 
of  flour  to  the  Deanery,  to  demand  the  honorarium 
of  a  guinea  (sometimes  it  is  two  guineas)  from 
the  Abbey  funds,  well  merited  by  his  powers  of 
resistance,  which  must  be  as  tough  as  the  "  pan- 
cake "  itself.  This  young  gentleman  got  the  prize 
last  year  for  this  singular  item  of  school  studies. 

It  appears  that  this  curious  custom  is  provided 
for  by  the  statutes  of  the  Abbey ;  the  cook  re- 


ceiving two  guineas  for  his  performance,  and  the 
boy  who  can  catch  or  preserve  the  pancake  whole, 
receiving  one  guinea  (or  two)  from  the  Dean. 

At  Eton  school  it  was,  within  the  memory  of 
living  Etonians,  the  custom  to  write  long  copies 
of  verses  on  scrolls,  called  Bacchuses,  which  were 
hung  up  on  the  walls  of  the  College  Hall.  C.  B.B. 


ENGLISH  BIBLES. 

The  proceedings  in  Convocation  on  the  18th  of 
Feby.,  on  the  frequent  omission  of  the  Marginal 
Readings  and  References  in  the  publication  of  the 
English  Bible,  are  both  interesting  and  important ; 
and  the  judicious  remarks  transmitted  to  Convoca- 
tion by  the  Bishop  of  Exeter  *,  and  the  observa- 
tions which  fell  from  the  Bishops  of  Oxford,  St. 
David's,  and  Llandaff,  will  doubtless  lead  to  the 
adoption  by  the  Curators  of  the  press  at  the 
Universities  of  the  suggestions  which  were  then 
made,  both  as  regards  the  introduction  of  those 
readings  and  references,  and  the  restoring  the 
Preface  of  the  Translators,  or  such  parts  of  it  as 
it.  may  be  deemed  expedient  to  give. 

The  following  passages,  on  the  subject  of  mar- 
ginal references,  are  taken  from  a  sermon  of 
Bishop  Horsley's  :  they  show  the  great  importance 
which  that  eminent  prelate  attached  to  them. 
After  telling  us  that  it  should  be  a  rule  with 
every  one,  "  who  would  read  the  Scriptures  with 
advantage  and  improvement,  to  compare  every 
text  with  the  passages  in  which  the  subject-matter 
is  the  same,"  he  proceeds  : 

"  These  parallel  passages  are  easily  found  by  the  mar- 
ginal references  in  the  Bibles  of  the  larger  form.  It  TI  ere 
to  be  wished  indeed,  that  no  Bibles  were  printed  without 
the  margin.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that  the  objection  obvi- 
ously arising  from  the  necessary  augmentation  in  the 
price  of  the  book,  may  some  time  or  other  be  removed  by 
the  charity  of  religious  associations.  The  Society  for  the 
Promotion  of  Christian  Knowledge  could  not  more  effec- 
tually serve  the  purpose  of  their  pious  institution  than 
by  applying  some  part  of  their  funds  to  the  printing  of 
Bibles,  in  other  respects  in  an  ordinary  way,  for  the  use 
of  the  poor,  but  with  a  full  margin.1' 

"  It  is  incredible  to  anyone,  who  has  not  in  some  de- 
gree made  the  experiment,  what  a  proficiency  may  be 
made  in  that  knowledge  which  maketh  wise  unto  salva- 
tion, by  studying  the  Scriptures  in  this  manner  (the 
comparing  the  Old  with  the  New  Testament),  without 
any  other  commentary  or  exposition  than  what  the 
different  parts  of  the  sacred  volume  mutually  furnish  for 
each  other."  — Bp.  Horsley's  Nine  Sermons,  1817,  pp. 
224-6. 

The  Society  referred  to  by  Bishop  Horsley  has 
not  been  wanting  in  this  matter.  Upwards  of 
twenty-nine  of  the  Bibles  printed  and  dissem- 
inated by  the  Society  for  Promoting  Christian 
Knowledge,  are  what  are  called  Reference  Bibles. 
Your  readers  are  doubtless  aware  that  in  the 


*  Refer  also  to  the  Bishop  of  Exeter's  Letter  to  the 
Bishop  of  Lichfield,  pp.  7.  47.  &c. 


2nd  S.  IX.  MAR.  17.  '60.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


195 


more  modern  Bibles,  when  compared  with  those 
of  older  date,  the  references  are  greatly  mul- 
tiplied. Take  the  first  chapter  of  Genesis,  for 
instance ;  in  a  folio  Bible  printed  at  Cambridge 
by  John  Hayes,  printer  to  the  University  in  1674, 
the  number  of  references  is  twenty- eight;  in  a 
modern  Bible,  1851,  of  the  Oxford  University 
Press,  the  number  is  seventy-eight.  Will  one  ^  of 
your  readers  inform  us  by  whom,  at  whose  in- 
stance, and  by  whose  authority,  these  large  ad- 
ditions were  made  ? 

In  Dean  Trench's  admirable  work,  On  some 
Recent  Proposals  for  the  Revision  of  the  New 
Testament,  he  has  called  particular  attention  to 
the  Translators'  Preface,  or  address  to  the  reader, 
before  alluded  tot  and  which,  as  he  states,  is 
"  now  seldom  or  never  reprinted."  Of  this  Pre- 
face he  says : 

"  It  is  on  many  grounds  a  most  interesting  study, 
chiefly  indeed  as  giving  at  considerable  length,  and  in 
various  aspects,  the  view  of  our  translators  themselves  in 
regard  of  the  work  which  they  have  undertaken." — P.  85. 

The  Dean  adds,  that  "  every  true  knower  of 
our  language  will  acknowledge  it  a  master- 
piece of  English  composition."  To  the  present 
generation  it  is  almost  unknown.  Clergymen 
must  oftentimes  find  some  little  difficulty  in 
meeting  with  it.  In  no  Bible  which  I  possess  is 
it  to  be  found  but  in  the  folio  of  1674.  In  some 
reprints  of  the  larger  Bibles  the  whole  of  this 
Preface  might  be  given ;  in  the  smaller  ones, 
"  such  portions  as  are  necessary  to  the  true  un- 
derstanding of  the  intention  of  the  translators  in 
what  they  give  as  our  Bible,"  agreeable  to  the 
Bishop  of  Oxford's  resolution  in  Convocation. 

J.  H.  MARKLAND. 

Bath. 


ON  THIS  USE  OF  TORTURE.  —  A  curious  letter 
of  the  Earl  of  Dunfermline's  is  extant,  who,  in 
the  reign  of  James  I.,  was  I  believe  Chancellor  of 
Scotland.     It  was  written  on  the  occasion  of  the 
discovery  of  a  plot  against  the  government ;  and 
beginning  with  a  lengthy  Latin  quotation,  is  re- 
markable   for   containing,   amongst   many   other 
matters,  some  hints  and  directions  for  the  bene- 
fit of  Sir  Robert  Cecil,  as  to  the  best  means  of 
acting  confessions  from  the  conspirators.    The 
Earl,  who  was  a  Scotchman,  expresses  his  opinion 
in  quaint  language.     The  following  extract  is  in- 
teresting.    After  alluding  to  twenty  years'  experi- 
ence in  such  matters,  he  goes  on  to  say  as  follows  :— 
I  haue  found  nathing  sa  profitable  as  to  be  cairfull, 
the  offenders  be  kiepit  werye  quyett,  and  at  ane 
sbir  dyett:   That  naine  haue   anye   accesse  to 
ne ;  That  thaie  gett  na  notice  but  yat  all  thair  plotts 
iscouered,  and  all  thair  associatts  apprehendit ;  and 
re  possible  all,  at  leaste  sa  monye  as  is  supposed 
knaw  mai8t,  wold  be  closed  up  seuerallie  in  mirk 


houses  whair  they  nyuer  see  light,  and  wolde  be  maid 
to  misbeknoe  the  day  from  the  night.  This  sobors  thair 
mynde,  and  drawee  them  to  feare  and  repententance. 

"  They  sold  euir  be  examined  at  torch  light,  the  maist 
simple  man  meitest  first  to  be  dealt  with,  and  sua  mekle 
gotten  of  them  as  may  be  had :  out  of  such  grounds,  the 
diepest  thoughts  and  "deuyses  may  be  drawn  out  of  the 
maist  craftie. 

"  Quben  occasion  sail  seeme  of  Torture  the  slawlier  it 
be  used  at  dyuers  tymes  and  be  interwallis,  the  mair  is 
gotten  be  it:  Heiche  spritts  and  desperat  interprysars 
if  they  be  suddenlie  put  to  great  tormentis  in  thair  rage 
will  suffer  all  obdurie  and  Fynes  sense,  whilk  will  fell 
otherwise  if  they  be  delt  with  at  lasoure, 

"  Your  Lordships  to  comand 

"  DUNFERMLINE."  * 

w.  o.  w. 

DRINKING  FOUNTAINS.  —  The  following  early 
notice  of  public  drinking  fountains  in  England 
appears  in  Hardyng's  Chronicle  (ed.  by  Ellis,  p. 
162.),  wherein  it  is  stated  that  King  "Ethelfryde," 
in  the  seventh  century  — 

"...    made  he  welles  in  dyuerse  countrees  spred 
By  the  hye  wayes,  in  cuppes  of  copper  clene, 
For'trauelyng  folke,  faste  chayned  as  it  was  sene." 

T.  N.  BRUSHFIELD. 
Chester. 

BABINGTON  FAMILY. —In  reference  to  the  Bab- 
ington  rooms  at  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  to 
which  I  referred  in  my  reply  on  the  Macaulay 
family  (2"d  S.  ix.  152.),-!  send  the  following  Note 
as  to  the  origin  of  the  privilege,  which  may  per- 
haps prove  interesting  to  some  of  your  readers. 
The  information  is  derived  from  an  old  pedigree 
in  the  possession  of  a  relative  of  mine,  one  of  the 
Babington  family. 

Humfrey  Babington,  of  Rothley  Temple,  had 
four  sons  :  the  youngest  of  whom,  Adrian,  married 
Margaret  Cave,  and  had  by  her  two  sons  ;  Hum- 
frey,  the  younger  of  the  two,  was  baptized  at 
Cossington  the  5th  November,  1615.  Having 
entered  at  Cambridge,  he  took  his  degree  of 
LL.D. ;  and  in  1669,  by  virtue  of  the  royal  man- 
date, was  made  an  S.T.P.  Eventually  Dr.  Bab- 
ington became  Vice-Master  of  Trinity  College, 
and  built  there  two  sets  of  rooms  for  the  family  of 
Babington;  he  died  on  the  4th  January,  1691, 
aet.  seventy-five,  and  was  buried  in  the  chapel  of 
Trinity  College.  Dr.  Babington  is  also  noted  as 
having  been  the  founder  of  Barrow  Hospital. 

J.  A.  PN. 

BUNYAN'S  "  PILGRIM'S  PROGRESS."  —  Of  all  the 
works  of  an  allegorical  character  catalogued  by 
Mr.  Geo.  Offer,  in  his  complete  and  elaborately- 
executed  edition  of  the  writings  of  the  immortal 
tinker  of  Bedford,  the  translation  of  the  little 
work  entitled  The  Voyage  of  the  Wandering 
Knight  (originally  written  in  French  by  John 
Cartheny),  n.  d.,  but  dedicated  to  Sir  Francis 
Drake,  would  appear  the  most  likely  to  have 


Domestic  Series,  James  I.,"  vol.  xvi.  p.  81. 


196 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


^  S.  IX.  MAR.  17.  'GO. 


given  Bunyan  the  idea  of  composing,  if  not  the 
groundwork  of,  the  Pilgrims  Progress.  Mr. 
Offor  states  not  only  that  "there  is  no  ground 
for  supposing  that  the  persecuted  Bunyan  ever 
saw  this  chevalier  errant"  but  also  that  there  is 
no  similarity  whatsoever  between  this  and  the 
Pilgrim's  Progress,  "  except  it  be  the  foresight  of 
the  heavenly  paradise''  With  all  due  deference  to 
that  gentleman's  judgment,  I  would  submit  whe- 
ther the  division  of  the  voyage  into  parts  1  and  2 
does  not  assimilate  it  with  Bunyan?  Also  the 
portion  relative  to  the  knight's  getting  into  a  bog, 
from  whence  he  is  extricated  by  "  God's  grace," 
resembles  in  no  small  degree  Christian  being 
drawn  out  of  the  slough  of  Despond  by  "  Help." 
Christian  had  a  companion  in  the  Slough,  one 
"  Pliable,"  so  has  the  (knight  who  is  in  the  quag- 
mire with  "Folly."  These  apparent  similarities 
might  be  considerably  extended,  but  I  think  suf- 
ficient has  been  exhibited  as  a  specimen.  A  MS. 
note  in  the  edition  of  the  work  alluded  to,  pre- 
served in  the  Grenville  Library  of  the  British 
Museum,  bears  the  following  note  upon  the  inside 
of  cover :  "  There  can  be  no  doubt  that  this  is  the 
original  of  Banyan's  Pilgrim's  Progress'' 

ITHURIEL. 

LABELS  FOR  BOOKS. — To  one  like  yourself,  who 
have  so  much  to  do  with  books,  and  who  therefore 
must  often  experience  the  necessity  which  I  de- 
sire by  this  application  to  the  public  through  your 
columns  to  see  supplied,  I  do  not  hesitate  to  appeal. 
Every  one  has  in  his  library  books  without 
labels  ;  books  with  labels  that  are  almost  illegible ; 
books  so  handsomely  bound  that  he  would  have 
them  temporarily  covered  (if  he  had  labels)  till 
he  had  a  glass-fronted  bookcase  to  receive  them. 

Everybody  must  have  been  struck  with  the 
want  of  labels  on  books  in  second-hand  book- 
shops, and  have  observed  the  untidiness  of  circu- 
lating libraries  from  the  same  cause,  and  from 
want  of  labels. 

Again,  more  cultivated  eyes  will  be  well  aware 
that  white  labels — I  mean  printed  labels  on  white 
pnper  (so  often  used  by  booksellers  for  books 
published  in  boards)  —  utterly  destroy  the  har- 
mony of  bookshelves  by  their  spottiness. 

All  these  difficulties  would  be  got  over,  if  the 
public  knew  where  to  apply  for  labels  either  to 
order  or  ready-printed  on  tinted  paper,  or  let- 
tered on  russia  or  morocco  leather,  which  they 
could  affix  with  paste. 

If  the  bookbinders  have  a  Benefit  Society,  and 
wish  to  find  employment  for  the  daughters  of 
their  deceased  members,  let  them  turn  their  at- 
tention to  this  subject.  No  doubt  a  very  large 
trade  in  book-labels  for  the  whole  world  might  be 
established. 

In  the  mean  time,  it  would  be  a  great  con- 
venience if  publishers  would  print  their  labels  on 
tinted  paper  of  better  quality,  or  on  vegetable 


parchment,  and  if  such  labels  were  kept  in  stock 
for  sale.  SAMUEL  CROMPTON. 

TAYLOR  CLUB.  —  I  have  always  thought  that 
all  publishing  societies  that  have  hitherto  existed 
had,  at  their  commencement,  no  defined  end  in 
view.  Do  you  not  think,  Mr.  Editor,  that  a 
Society  formed  for  a  specific  purpose  would  meet 
with  hearty  support  ?  Allow  me  to  suggest  the 
publishing  of  the  "  Works  of  Taylor  the  Water 
Poet,"  under  the  name  of  the  "  Taylor  Club." 

S.  WMSON. 

Glasgow. 


THE  SCARLETT  FAMILY. 

I  am  desirous  of  some  accurate  information,  if 
possible,  connected  with  the.family  history  of  the 
Scarletts  of  Jamaica. 

In  the  fifteenth  century  the  Scarletts  had  ma- 
nors and  landed  property  in  the  counties  of  Nor- 
folk, Suffolk,  Essex,  and  Shropshire. 

From  which  branch  of  those  families,  who  all 
bore  the  same  arms  as  the  present  Lord  Abinger, 
was  the  family  in  Jamaica  derived  ? 

There  was  also  a  Sussex  family  of  that  name, 
possessing  landed  property  in  that  county  in  the 
seventeenth  century,  and  the  same  family  had  an 
estate  in  Jamaica  soon  after  its  conquest  (1655) 
by  Cromwell ;  but  it  does  not  appear  that  Lord 
Abinger's  family  was  descended  immediately  from 
them,  for  Capt.  Francis  Scarlett,  an  officer  in  the 
army,  who  sat  in  the  first  assembly  in  the  island 
for  the  parish  of  St.  Andrew,  and  his  brother 
Thomas  of  Eastbourne,  died  without  any  surviv- 
ing male  issue,  and  their  estates  in  Jamaica  went 
to  their  niece:  vide  the  will  of  Timothea,  1719, 
Doctors'  Commons.  The  arms  of  the  Sussex 
family  resembled  those  of  Norfolk  and  Essex,  and 
of  the  family  now  existing. 

The  grandfather  of  the  late  Lord  Abinger  and 
of  his  brother  Sir  William  Anglin  Scarlett,  the 
Chief  Justice  of  Jamaica,  divided,  in  A.D.  1763, 
numerous  estates  in  that  island  among  his  children. 

From  which  of  the  English  families  did  that 
gentleman,  who  was  called  James,  descend  ? 

Did  he  or  his  father  first  settle  in  the  island  ? 

Morant's  Essex  mentions  that  Thomas  Scar- 
lett, of  West  Bergholt  and  Nayland,  sold  a  manor 
in  Essex  in  1713.  Was  he  the  father  of  the  Jamea 
Scarlett  above  mentioned  ? 

There  was  an  ancient  Italian  family  in  Tuscany 
of  that  name  (Scarlatti)  in  the  thirteenth  century, 
exiled  by  the  Guelphs  for  being  Ghibellines. 
Their  arms  are  different,  but  the  English  Scarletts 
all  have  a  Tuscan  column  for  a  crest,  supported 
by  lions'  jambs. 

Froissart  speaks,  in  his  Chronicles,  of  a  Sir 
Lyon  Scarlett  who  perished  in  a  crusade  in  the 
reign  of  Richard  II.  Was  he  an  Englishman  ? 


S.  IX.  MAR.  17.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


197 


There  was  an  Arthur  Skarlett  in  the  reign  of 
Edward  II,  who  was  keeper  of  one  of  the  king's 
manors. 

The  pedigree  of  the  Norfolk  Scarlet ts  is  pre- 
served in  the  Harleian  MSS.  at  the  British  Mu- 
seum ;  and  those  of  Suffolk  and  Essex  at  the 
Heralds'  College. 

The  same  arms  borne  by  the  Scarletts  now, 
were  attested  at  the  Heralds'  Visitations  250  years 
ago,  as  belonging  legally  to  the  families  at  that 
date  in  England. 

Christiana,  the  daughter  of  James  Scarlett  of 
Jamaica,  grandfather  of  the  late  Lord  Abinger, 
married  into  the  family  of  the  Gordons  of  Earl- 
stou.  From  that  lady  the  present  Sir  William 
Gordon  of  Earlston,  Bart.,  is  lineally  descended. 

Hugo  Scarlett  and  Henry  de  Wyndesmore  were 
returned  to  Parliament  for  the  city  of  Lincoln,  on 
the  20th  Jan.  1307,  Edw.  I.  Vide  Palgrave's 
Writs  of  Parliament.  A  GENEALOGIST. 


SARAH,  DUCHESS  OF  SOMERSET. — Did  this  lady, 
the  widow  of  John  Seymour,  fourth  Duke  of 
Somerset  (who  died  in  1675),  remarry  with 
Henry,  Lord  Coleraine  ?  The  only  intimation  of 
such  a  marriage  that  has  come  under  my  ob- 
servation, is  an  extract  from  one  of  the  registers 
in  the  office  of  the  Vicar- General ;  in  which  it 
appears  that  a  licence  was  issued,  on  the  allega- 
tion of  Richard  Newman  of  Westminster,  Esq., 
on  the  17th  of  July,  1682,  to  Henry,  Lord  Cole- 
raine of  the  kingdom  of  Ireland,  a  widower,  aged 
about  fifty,  and  Sarah,  Duchess  of  Somerset,  a 
widow,  aged  about  forty ;  the  ceremony  to  take 
place  in  any  church  or  chapel  within  the  province 
of  Canterbury. 

Did  such  a  marriage  take  place  ?  Where,  and 
when  ?  PATONCE. 

HERALDIC.  —  To  whom  do  the  following  arms 
belong :  Az.  2  bars  erm.,  on  a  canton,  a  fleur  de 
lis  ?  G.  W.  M. 

BISHOP  HORSLEY'S  "  SERMONS  ON  S.  MARK  vii. 
—  I  was  told  by  a  friend,  some  time  since,  that 
the  two  sermons  on  the  above  text,  on  the  Syro- 
phoenician  woman,  and  which  are  usually  included 
in  the  works  of  Bishop  Horsley,  were  written,  not 
by  himself,  but  by  his  son.  And  that  by  accident 
the  MSS.  of  these  Sermons  having  become  mixed 
up  with  that  of  other  Sermons  of  the  Bishop,  they 
were  published  as  his  after  his  death.  It  would 
be  interesting  to  know  if  the  above  statement  can 
be  disproved,  and  also  on  what  grounds  ? 

Query,  Wns  the  son  above  mentioned,  George 
Horsley,  who  graduated  at  Trinity  Hall,  Cam- 
bridge;  A.B.  1813;  A.M.  1816?  Bishop  Hors- 
ley was  of  the  same  college,  which  makes  it  the 
nore  likely  that  this  George  Horsley  was  related 
to  him.  ALFRED  T.  LEE. 


CARNIVAL. — It  is  stated  in  the  Milan  article  of 
the  Times  of  27th  Feb.  that  the  inhabitants  of 
that  city  and  of  that  of  Varese  enjoy  the  privi- 
lege (?)  of  four  additional  days  of  carnival ;  so 
that  Lent  does  not  commence  there  until  four 
days  later  than  in  other  parts  of  Christendom. 
It  is  added  that  this  was  granted  to  them  by  S. 
Ambrose.  I  should  be  glad  to  learn  what  au- 
thority, if  any.  there  is  for  the  latter  part  of  this 
statement,  and  whether  it  is  not  merely  an  in- 
genious fable  of  the  pleasure-seekers.  VEBNA. 

BOOK  OF  COMMON  PRATER,  1679.—"  The  Book 
of  Common  Prayer,  and  Administration  of  the 
Sacraments,  8fc.,  folio.  London  :  printed  by  John 
Bill  and  Christopher  Barker,  Printers  to  the 
King's  most  Excellent  Majesty,  1679."  In  the 
Litany  the  prayers  are  for  — 

"  That  it  may  please  thee  to  bless  and  preserve  our 
gracious  Queen  Katherine,  Mary  the  Queen  Mother, 
James  Duke  of  York,  and  all  the  Koyal  family." 

Query,  Who  was  "Mary  the  Queen  Mother"  ? 
The  same  names  are  used  in  the  other  prayers.* 

M. 

FRANCES  LADY  ATKTNS.  —  I  should  feel  in- 
debted could  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  of 
the  pedigree  of  Frances  Lady  Atkyns,  the  second 
wife  of  Sir  Edward  Atkyns,  a  Baron  of  the  Ex- 
chequer, to  whom  she  was  married,  according  to 
the  Hackney  registers,  the  16th  Sep.  1645.  Her 
maiden  name  was  Gulston.  Was  she  a  member 
of  the  family  of  Gulston  of  Widial,  co.  Herts? 
She  was  buried  at  Hackney,  20th  March,  1703-4, 
and  is  stated  to  have  been  over  100  years  of  age. 

C.  S. 

CUSHIONS  ON  COMMUNION  TABLE.  —  Among 
other  questions  about  authorised  and  unauthorised 
church  ornaments  which  have  been  so  much 
discussed  on  all  sides,  one  has  lately  arisen  which 
seems  not  foreign  to  the  province  of  "  N".  &  Q." 
It  has  been  asked,  "  what  the  authority  is  (if  any 


[*  We  have  not  been  able  to  meet  with  a  copy  of  the 
Common  Prayer  of  this  date  containing  the  words  "  Mary 
the  Queen  Mother."  In  our  researches  for  it,  however,  we 
made  the  following  singular  discovery.  The  Brit.  Museum 
contains  The  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  4to.,  1678,  fol.  and 
8vo.,  1C79,  but  in  the  Litany  and  Collects  the  petitions  are 
for  James  (II.),  Mary,  Princesses  Mary  and  Anne,  except  in 
one  or  two  prayers  in  the  Occasional  Offices  the  name  of 
Charles  is  retained.  As  James  II.'s  accession  did  not 
take  place  until  1685,  we  at  first  suspected  that  the  book- 
seller had  inserted  title-pages  of  editions  of  the  preceding 
reign ;  but  after  a  careful  examination  of  the  paper  and 
binding,  we  are  inclined  to  think  differently.  Can  any 
of  our  correspondents  clear  up  this  anachronism  ? 

Since  writing  the  foregoing,  we  have  submitted  the 
Query  to  MK.  OFFOR,  who  informs  us  that  "  the  ana- 
chronisms may  be  accounted  for  by  the  books  having 
been  printed  in  Holland  to  escape  the  Copyright  Act. 
They  abound  in  errors,  especially  as  regards  the  dates  of 
publication.  I  have  one  dated  1599  on  the  general  title 
and  on  that  of  the  New  Testament,  but  in  the  imprint  at 
the  end  the  date  is  1633."— ED.  ] 


198 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


MAR.  17.  '60. 


there  be)  for  two  cushions  on  the  Communion 
Table;  —  when  they  were  first  introduced,  and 
with  what  object  ?  "  Will  some  reader  of  "  N. 
&  Q."  kindly  furnish  a  solution  ?  and  oblige 

J.  L.  S. 

GRACE  MACAULAY.— Can  ME.  IRVING,  or  any 
of  your  correspondents  who  are  interested  in  the 
Macaulay  pedigree,  give  me  any  information  re- 
specting a  Miss  Grace  Macaulay,  who  came,  I 
believe,  from  Dumbartonshire,  and  who  married 
a  Presbyterian  clergyman  of  the  name  of  Smith, 
near  Edinburgh,  in  1735.  She  died  previous  to 
1742.  Any  information  respecting  either  her  or 
her  husband  will  be  very  acceptable.  J.  E. 

ANCIENT  POISONS. — I  am  desirous  to  know  the 
nature  of  the  potion  administered  to  Louis  le 
Gros  by  his  step-mother,  which  caused  an  un- 
natural pallor,  and  also  the  effects  of  the  "  ex- 
sangue  cuminum."  HERMAN. 

LONDON  EIOTS  IN  1780. — On  the  occasion  of 
these  tumultuous  and  violent  disturbances,  usually 
denominated  "  Lord  George  Gordon's  riots,"  the 
government  availed  itself  of  the  services  of  several 
of  the  regiments  of  militia  which  were  quartered 
in  London  and  Westminster.  I  beg  to  be  in- 
formed, which  were  they  ?'  MORIGERUS. 

BLACKWELL  :  ETHERIDGE.  —  Four  generations 

ago  Samuel  Etheridge  married  Blackwell, 

related  to  the  claimant  of  the  Banbury  peerage. 
How  was  she  related,  and  what  was  tier  name  ? 
A  daughter  of  this  couple  married  Jabez  Jack- 
son. Is  anything  known  of  him  and  his  ante- 
cedents ? 

Any  information  or  reference  as  to  this  family 
will  be  acceptable.  TOGATUS. 

SHAKSPEARE'S  JUG.— A  j  ug  so  called  was  sold 
at  Mrs.  Turberville's  sale,  and  was  purchased  by 
the  wife  of  a  gunsmith  at  Gloucester,  named 
Fletcher,  for  191.  19s.  and  duty.  In  the  Athe- 
nceum  (reference  lost)  which  recorded  the  trans- 
action, it  was  stated  that  "  it  was  demised  by 
Shakspeare  to  his  sister  Joan,  who  married  Wil- 
liam Hart  of  Stratford  on  Avon,  of  whom  Mrs. 
Fletcher  is  a  descendant."  Now  I  do  not  find 
any  such  bequest  in  Shakspeare's  will.  What 
authority  is  there  for  believing  that  the  jug  in 
question  ever  belonged  to  Shakspeare  ?  . 

CLAMMILD. 

Athenaeum  Club. 

TYRWHITT'S  OPUSCULA. — What  has  become  of 
the  volume  of  Opuscida  of  Th.  Tyrwhitt,  collected 
and  prepared  for  press  some  time  after  his  death  ? 
The  intending  editor  submitted  the  vol.  to  the 
inspection  of  Mr.  Tyrwhitt's  son  (or  nephew,  I  do 
not  now  recollect  which),  but  that  gentleman 
never  returned  it ;  and  at  the  sale  of  his  library 
by  Evans  these  Opuscula  were  bought  by  an 
anonymous  purchaser.  The  volume  as  originally 


prepared  has  never  yet  appeared,  but  it  may  be 
interesting  to  scholars  to  know  whether  any,  and 
if  so,  what  use  has  been  made  of  it.  Q. 

POLITICAL  PSEUDONYMES.-— In  Political  Merri- 
ment; or  Truths  told  to  some  Tune,  12mo.  Lond., 
and  printed  "  in  the  glorious  year  of  our  Pre- 
servation," 1714,  there  occurs  a  ballad  (page  9.), 
entitled  "  Advice  to  the  Tories,"  which  satirises 
the  heads  of  that  party  under  the  respective  titles 
of  "  Hermodactyl  of  high  fame,"  "  Codicil," 
"  lend  Gambol,"  «  Will  Wildfire,"  "  Matt  Rum- 
mer," "  Bungey,  the  tow'ring  high-church  Pope," 
"  Peter  Brickdust,"  and  "  Zecheriah."  To  whom 
do  these  titles  refer  ?  A  reply  will  greatly  oblige 

B.  A.  B. 

SMITCH.  —  What  is  the  origin  of  this  term  of 
reproach  applied  to  the  Maltese  ?  W.  B.  C. 

Liverpool. 

"  ADDITIONS  TO  POPE'S  WORKS."  —  In  the 
British  Museum  (Bibl.  Reg.  239.  K.)  is  a  copy  of 
Additions  to  the  Worhs  of  Alexander  Pope,  1776, 
on  which  I  find  in  the  Catalogue  a  note,  "  Edited 
by  W.  Warburton."  Who  was  the  editor  or 
co.mpiler  of  this  curious  collection  is  a  question 
that  has  been  several  times  discussed  in  "  N.  & 
Q.,"  but  I  never  heard  it  hinted  that  it  was  War- 
burton;  indeed,  if  the  writer  of  the  note  had 
glanced  at  the  contents,  he  would  probably  have 
had  more  than  doubts.  The  note,  however,  may 
mislead.  Is  there  any  shadow  of  authority  for 
attributing  the  work  to  Warburton  ? 

W.  MOY  THOMAS. 

HERALDIC  .—I  shall  feel  greatly  obliged  to  any 
correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q."  who  can  inform 
me  to  whom  the  following  armorial  bearings  be- 
long :  "  argent  a  band  nebule  sable.  For  the 
crest,  on  a  wreath  a  Latin  cross  gules."  Will  any 
correspondent  also  furnish  me  with  the  arms  of 
H.  Barlow,  Esq.,  late  of  Southampton,  and  of 
Acomb,  near  York,  where,  on  succeeding  to  the 
estate,  he  took  the  name  of  Masterman.  Any 
particulars  connected  with  the  family  history  or 
pedigree  in  either  case  will  oblige 

IsT.  S.  HEINEKEN. 

THE  BORDER  ELLIOTTS  AND  ARMSTRONGS.  —  1 
should  be  glad  to  learn  what  are  the  arms,  or  the 
crest  and  motto  (if  any)  of  each  of  these  two 
families.  ETA  B. 

POETICAL  PERIODICALS.  —  Could  you  or  any  of 
your  readers  inform  me  if  there  have  ever  been 
any  exclusively  poetical  periodicals  published ; 
and,  if  so,  what  are  their  names  ?  A  little  publi- 
cation^has  appeared  in  Oxford  this  month  entitled 
College  Rhymes*,  which  contains  some  pieces  of 
great  merit,  chiefly,  I  believe,  by  undergraduates, 
and  which  will  be  continued  terminally.  It  has 


*  Price  Is.  Gd.    Hamilton,  London ;  Macmillan,  Cam 
bridge ;  W.  Mansell,  Oxford. 


S.  IX.  MAR.  17.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


199 


to  me  the  above  question  ;  and  I  think 
deserves  the  support  of  your  University  readers. 

M.  A. 
ORDEK  OF  PBAYER  IN  FRENCH.  —  I  wish  to 

know  what  is  the  history  of  an  Order  of  Prayer 
in  French,  and  the  authority  by  which  it  was  is- 
sued ;  and  also  where  any  copy  is  now  deposited. 
It  is  a  small  square  8vo.  of  50  numbered  leaves, 
and  four  leaves  of  title  and  preface,  with  two 
leaves  without  numbers  between  pp.  42  and  43. 
The  title  is,  — 

"  L'Ordre  des  Prieres  et  Ministere  Ecclesiastique,  avec 
la  Forme  de  Penitence  pub.  et  certaines  Prieres  de 
1'Eglise  de  Londres,  et  la  Confession  de  Foy  de  1'Eglise 
de  Glastonbury  en  Somerset.  Luc.  21.  « Veillez  et  priez 
en  tout  temps,  afin  que  puissez  eviter  toutes  tes  choses 
qui  sont  a  advenir,  et  assister  devant  le  Filz  de  rhomme".' 
A  Londres,  1552." 

On  the  title-page  is  the  name  of  a  former  owner, 
Johanes  Dalaberus  :  who  was  he  ?  M.  THG. 

INITIALS  OF  AN.  ARTIST.  —  I  have  a  beautiful 
engraving  of  St.  John  Baptist  in  the  Wilderness, 
a  sitting  figure,  with  a  lamb.  It  is  marked  "  L. 
m.  f."  Am  I  right  in  assigning  it  to  Lorenzo 
Maria  Fratellini  ?  He  is  the  only  artist  I  can  find 
whose  initials  correspond,  and  I  have  been  unable 
to  ascertain  to  whom  that  signature  belongs  in  any 
Encyclopaedia  I  have  examined.  P.  P. 


fcjttl) 

"EMERALD  ISLE." — When,  and  by  whom,  was 
•this  epithet  first  applied  to  Ireland  ?  It  was  long 
since  applied  to  the  isle  of  St.  Helena.  ABHBA. 

[This  epithet,  as  applied  to  Ireland,  was  first  used  by 
Dr.  William  Drennan,  author  of  Glendalloch  and  other 
Poems,  who  was  born  in  Belfast  on  the  23rd  May,  1754, 
and  died  in  the  same  town  on  the  5th  February,  1820.  It 
occurs  in  his  delightful  poem,  entitled  "Erin,"  com- 
mencing : 

"  When  Erin  first  rose  from  the  dark-swelling  flood, 
God  bless'd  the  green  island,  He  saw  it  was  good : 
The  Emerald  of  Europe,  it  sparkled,  it  shone, 
In  the  ring  of  this  world  the  most  precious  stone! 

"  In  her  sun,  in  her  soil,  in  her  station,  thrice  blest, 
With  back  turn'd  to  Britain,  her  face  to  the  West, 
Erin  stands  proudly  insular,  on  her  steep  shore, 
And  strikes  her  high  harp  to  the  ocean's  deep  roar. 

"  Arm  of  Erin !  prove  strong ;  but  be  gentle  as  brave, 
And,  uplifted  to  strike,  still  be  ready  to  save ; 
Nor  one  feeling  of  vengeance  presume  to  defile 
The  cause,  or  the  men,  of  the  EMKKALD  ISLE. 
Their  bosoms  heave  high  for  the  worthy  and  brave, 
But  no  coward  shall  rest  on  that  soft-swelling  wave ; 
Men  of  Erin !  awake,  and  make  haste  to  be  blest  1 
Rise,  Arch  of  the  ocean,  rise,  Queen  of  the  West ! " 
To  the  words,  THE  EMERALD  ISLE,  Dr.  Drennan  has 
I  the  following  note :  "  It  may  appear  puerile  to  lay 
n  to  a  priority  of  application  in  the  use  of  an  epithet ; 
ut  poets,  like  bees,  have  a  very  strong  sense  of  property ; 
oth  are  of  that  irritable  kind,  as  to  be  extremely 


jealous  of  anyone  who  robs  them  of  their  hoarded  sweets. 
The  sublime  epithet  which  Milton  used  in  his  poem  on 
the  Nativity,  written  at  fifteen  years  of  age  ("  his  thun- 
der-clasping hand,")  would  have  been  claimed  by  him  as 
his  own,  even  after  he  had  finished  the  Paradise  Lost. 
And  Gray  would  prosecute  as  a  literary  poacher  the 
daring  hand  that  would  presume  to  break  into  his  orchard, 
and  appropriate  a  single  epithet  in  that  line,  the  most 
beautifully  descriptive  which  ever  was  written : 

'  The  breezy  call  of  incense-breathing  morn ! ' 

On  such  authority,  a  poetaster  reclaims  the  original  use 
of  an  epithet  —  THE  EMERALD  ISLE,  in  a  party  song, 
written  without  the  rancour  of  party,  in  the  year  1795. 
From  the  frequent  use  made  of  the  term  since  that  time, 
he  fondly  hopes  that  it  will  gradually  become  associated 
with  the  name  of  his  country,  as  descriptive  of  its  prime 
natural  beauty,  and  its  inestimable  value." 

William  Drennan  was  a  member  of  the  Speculative 
Society  of  Edinburgh,  and  Dr.  Drummond  furnished  the 
following  biographical  notice  of  him  for  The  History  of 
the  Society,  4to.,  1845,  p.  128. :  "  Drennan  was  one  of  the 
first  and  most  zealous  promoters  of  the  Society  of  United 
Irishmen,  and  author  of  the  well-known  Test  of  their 
Union.  His  muse  also  poured  forth  strains  which  ex- 
torted for  their  poetry  the  praises  even  of  those  who  dis- 
sented from  their  political  sentiments.  The  song  of « Erin 
to  her  own  Tune,'  was,  on  its  first  publication,  sung  and 
resung  in  every  corner  of  the  land,  and  it  still  continues 
to  enjoy  the  admiration  of  its  readers.  It  had  the  glory 
of  first  designating  his  country  as  THE  EMERALD  ISLE — 
an  appellation  which  will  be  permanent,  as  it  is  beautiful 
and  appropriate.  He  wrote  some  hymns  of  such  excel- 
lence, as  to  cause  a  regret  that  they  are  not  more  nume- 
rous ;  and  in  some  of  the  lighter  kinds  of  poetry  showed 
much  of  the  playful  wit  and  ingenuity  of  Goldsmith. 
Though  deeply  engaged  in  the  political  transactions  of 
Ireland,  he  did  not  neglect  the  more  tranquil  and  elegant 
studies  of  polite  literature.  He  took  a  prominent  part  in 
the  establishment  of  the  Belfast  Academical  Institution, 
and  published  a  volume  of  Fugitive  Pieces  in  1815 ;  and 
in  1817,  a  translation  of  the  Electra  of  Sophocles." 

Dr.  Drennan's  epithet  will  probably  remind  some  of 
our  readers  of  the  clever  lines  in  The  Rejected  Addresses, 
in  imitation  of  Tom  Moore's  gallant  verses :  — 

"  Bloom,  Theatre,  bloom,  in  the  roseate  blushes 

Of  beauty  illumed  by  a  love-breathing  smile ! 
And  flourish,  ye  pillars,  as  green  as  the  rushes 
That  pillow  the  nymphs  of  the  EMERALD  ISLE  ! 

"  For  dear  is  the  EMERALD  ISLE  of  the  ocean, 

Whose  daughters  are  fair  as  the  foam  of  the  wave, 
Whose  sons,  unaccustomed  to  rebel  commotion, 
Tho' joyous,  are  sober— •  tho'  peaceful,  are  brave."] 

MOSE,  MOSELLE,  MUSWELL.  —  How  are  these 
apparently  cognate  words  derived  ?  Mosella, 
says  Mr.  Charnock,  in  his  useful  work  on  Local 
Etymology,  is  perhaps  merely  a  dim.  of  Mosa,  the 
Latin  name  for  the  river  Meuse  (a.  v.) 

W.  J.  PINKS. 

[The  rivers  Meuse  and  Moselle  have  been  supposed  to 
derive  their  names  from  the  old  German  Maes  and  Musel. 
If  this  derivation  be  correct,  it  would  be  difficult  to  view 
Mosella  as  the  diminutive  of  Mosa.  But  if,  rather,  the 
L.  Mosa  and  Mosella  are  to  be  regarded  as  the  earlier 
names,  the  objection  to  the  proposed  etymology  is  so 
much  the  less  weighty. 

With  regard  to  Muswell,  there  was  formerly  a  chapel 
there,  which  was  an  appendage  to  the  nunnery  of  Clerken- 
well.  (Lysons,  i.  657.):  "There  was  a  chappie  sometime 


200 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«a  S,  IX.  MAR.  17.  '60. 


bearing  the  name  of  our  Ladie  of  Muswell  ....  The 
place  taketh  the  name  of  the  Well  and  of  the  hill,  Mouse- 
well  hill,  for  there  is  on  the  hil  a  spring  of  fair  water  .  .  . 
There  was  sometime  an  image  of  the  ladie  of  Muswell, 
\vhereunto  was  a  continual  resort,  in  the  way  of  pyl- 
grimage."  (Norden,  Spec,  Brit.  1593,  Part  I.,  p.  36.) 

Now  from  the  connexion  Avhich  existed  between  the 
nunnery  at  Clerkenwell  and  the  chapel  at  Muswell,  may 
we  not'suspect  something  of  an  analogy  in  the  etymo"- 
logies  of  Muswell  and  Clerkenwell?  Clerkenwell,  we 
know,  was  originally  the  "  Clerks'  Well"  Jordan  Briset 
presented  a  plot  of  ground,  whereon  to  build  the  monas- 
tery of  Clerkenwell,  "adjoining  the  Clerks'  Well." 
(Cromwell's  Clerkenwell,  1828,  p.  45.)  But  Muswell 
chapel,  as  shown  above,  also  owed  its  name  to  its  well. 
Add  to  this,  the  Clerkenwell  nunnery  was  known  as  the 
"  Priory  of  St.  Mary,1'  and  the  church  appertaining 
thereto  as  the  "Ecclesia  Beatte  Marice;"  while,  as  we 
have  already  seen,  the  chapel  at  Muswell  bore  the  name 
of  " our  Ladie"  who  also  had  an  image  there,  much  re- 
sorted to  by  pilgrims.  Such  being  the  affinity  existing 
between  Clerkenwell  and  Muswell,  as  Clerkenwell  is 
"  Clerken  Well,"  or  "  Clerks'  Well,"  what  is  Muswell  ? 

Mouesville,  a  small  place  in  Normandy,  was  also  called 
Monesville  (Expilly) ;  and  Monesville,  one  would  be  in- 
clined to  think  (though  unfortunately  upon  this  subject 
Valesius  gives  us  no  information),  was  Moinesville,  i.  e. 
Villa  Monachorum  or  Monkstown.  Was  Muswell,  then, 
Manges- welle,  or  Monks-well,  monge  being  an  old  form  for 
moine,  a  monk  ?  Or  could  it  be  Monicas-tvell,  i.  e.  Nuns- 
well,  relating  to  the  Clerkenwell  nunnery  of  which  it  was 
an  appendage  ?  Or,  lastly,  viewing  Our  Lady,  who  had 
an  image  at  Muswell,  as  Our  Saviour's  Mother,  could  it 
be  Moers-well  (Modors-well,  or  Mothers-well)  ?  Moer  is 
an  old  vernacular  Dutch  form  of  Moeder,  Modor,  or  Mother. 

Taking  into  consideration  all  the  circumstances,  this 
last  conjecture  is  perhaps  on  the  whole  the  least  impro- 
bable. But,  till  we  can  ascertain  the  primitive  ortho- 
graphy of  Mousewell  or  Muswell,  all  must  be  speculation. 
In  a  Computus,  temp.  Hen.  VIII.,  the  name  stands 
"  Mossewell "  (Dugdale,  ed.  1823,  vol.  ii.  p.  87.),  but  at 
p.  86.,  "Musswell,"] 

PLUTARCH.  —  Can  you  assist  me  to  the  source 
of  the  remark  relative  to  Plutarch's  Lives  being 
"the  book  for  those  who  can  nobly  think,  and 
dare,  and  do  ?  "  S.  L. 

[The  passage  occurs  in  Smith's  Greek  and  Roman  Bio- 
graphy, iii.  420. :  "  Plutarch's  work  is  and  will  remain,  in 
spite  of  all  the  fault  that  can  be  found  with  it  by  plodding 
collectors  of  facts,  and  small  critics,  the  book  of  those  who 
can  nobly  think,  and  dare,  and  do."] 

FONDA.  — What  is  the  etymology  of  this  Spanish 
word  ?  I  presume  it  is  from  the  Basque  ? 

F.  R.  S.  S.  A. 

[There  are  several  words  of  the  same  family :  Romance, 
Fonda,  a  pocket;  Ital.  Fonda,  a  purse;  French  (though 
not  to  be  found  in  all  Fr.  Dictionaries),  Fontes,  holsters; 
and  Spanish,  Fonda,  now  Honda.  All  these  are  connected 
with  the  Lat.  Funda,  which  the  learned  derive  from  the 
Gr.  S^Sdvr). 

Honda  (a  sling}  is  in  Basque  Ubalaria,  aballa.] 

PLATE. — What  is  the  derivation  of  the  word 
plate,  as  applied  to  articles  made  of  silver,  such  as 
spoons,  forks,  &c.  ?  J.  W.  BRYANS. 

[The  Spanish  for  silver  is  plata ;  for  a  plate,  plato ;  for 
plate,  plata  labracla  (wrought  silver).  We  think  that  we 
t'.re  indebted  for  the  word  plate,  in  the  sense  indi- 


cated by  our  correspondent,  to  the  Sp.  plata,  silver.  In 
one  or  two  instances  we  translate  plata,  silver,  by  plate. 
Thus,  to  the  Rio  de  la  Plata  (or  River  of  Silver),  so 
called  from  the  great  amount  of  silver  which  came  from 
the  parts  adjoining,  we  have  given  the  name  of  River  of 
Plate.  Cf.  "  Port  of  Plate "  (St.  Domingo).  The  Gr. 
n-Aarus  appears  to  be  the  source  of  all  words  of  this  family, 
English,  Spanish,  French,  German,  &c.] 

DOGS.  —  Who  wrote  the  following  lines  ? 

"  So  when  two  dogs  are  fighting  in  the  streets, 
With  a  third  dog  one  of  the  two  dogs  meets  ; 
With  angry  tooth  he  bites  him  to  the  bone, 
And  this  dog  smarts  for  what  that  dog  has  done," 

They  occur  in  a  note  to  the  Pursuits  of  Litera- 
ture (p.  324.),  and  the  author  (Mathias)  quotes 
them  as.  "from  a  celebrated  poet,  a  great  observer 
of  human  nature."  CHARLES  WYLIE. 

[These  lines  will  be  found  in  The  Tragedy  of  Tragedies ; 
or,  the  Life  and  Death  of  Tom  Thumb  the  Great  [by  Henry 
Fielding],  8vo.  1751,  Act  I.  at  the  end  of  Sc.  5.] 


Ktpltat, 

"PRUGIT." 
(2nd  S.  ix.  4.  55.) 

In  Merkel's  edition  of  the  Lex  Alamannorum 
(Pertz,  Mnn.  Germ.  Hist.  Legum,  torn.  iii.  fasc.  1. 
p.  168.),  the  law  in  question  stands  thus  :  — 

"  Si  quis  bissontem,  bubalum,  vel  cervum  qui  prugit, 
furaverit  aut  occiderit,  12  solidos  componat." 

The  various  readings  for  prugit  are,  rugit, 
brugit,  burgit,  pringit,  and  prigit;  with  the  gloss 
bramit  in  one  manuscript.  The  right  reading  is 
rugit,  as  Ducange  has  remarked,  Gloss,  in  v. 
rugire.  The  sense  is,  "  a  stag  which  ruts,"  as 
distinguished  from  those  male  animals  of  the  deer 
tribe  which  do  not  rut.  The  rutting  deer  are 
those  of  the  larger  species,  and  therefore  "  cervus 
qui  rugit"  is  equivalent  to  "  a  large  stag."  Prof. 
Owen  informs  me  that  the  male  roe  utters  so 
feeble  a  bleat  during  its  brief  season  of  rut  as 
not  to  be  regarded  as  the  technical  rut  of  the 
foresters  ;  this  property  is  restricted  to  the  loud 
and  hoarse  bellow  of  the  hart  and  the  grunt  of 
the  buck. 

The  distinction  between  the  larger  and  smaller 
deer,  founded  upon  this  property,  receives  illus- 
tration from  the  passage  of  the  Lombard  laws 
cited  by  Ducange  :  — 

"  Si  quis  cervum  domesticum  qui  tempore  suo  rugire 
solet,  intricaverit,  componat  domino  ejus  solidos  xii. ; 
nam  si  furatus  fuerit,  reddat  in  octogilt. 

"  Si  quis  cervum  domesticum  alienum  qui  non  rugir, 
intricaverit,  componat  domino  ejus  solidos  vi. ;  nam  si 
furatus  fuerit,  reddat  in  octogilt."  —  (i.  19.  13.  art.  320, 
321.,  ed.  Canciani.) 

The  effect  of  these  enactments  is,  that  if  any- 
one traps  a  tame  stag,  which  has  the  property  of 
rutting,  he  is  to  pay  a  composition  of  12  solidi ; 


S.  IX.  MAR.  17.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


201 


but  that  if  it  be  a  stag  which  has  not  that  pro- 
perty, he  is  to  pay  only  6  solidi.  A  lower  com- 
position is  imposed  for  the  smaller  and  _  less 
valuable  animal.  In  either  case,  the  composition 
is  eiJbt-fold,  if  the  animal  be  stolen.  Canciani 
explains  "intricare"  to  be  "in  laqueos  trajicere" 
or  "  vulnerare." 

The  gloss  brarait  in  one  manuscript  refers  to 
premen,  Old  German  ;  bremman,  Anglo- Sax. ; 
brummen,  High  German;  which  correspond  in 
meaning  to  rugire.  Bruminen  in  Lower  Saxon 
and  brim  in  English  denote  the  state  of  the  sow 
when  she  is  ready  to  receive  the  boar.  See  Ade- 
lung  in  brummen  and  brunfl,  Richardson  in  brim. 
Bramer  in  French  is  likewise  used  for  the  noise 
of  the  stag  during  the  rutting  season.  The  Italian 
has  bramito  in  the  same  sense. 

Aristotle  (H.  A.,  v.  14.)  remarks  that  the  voice 
of  the  male  animal  is  generally  of  a  deeper  note 
than  tfce  voice  of  the  female.  He  cites  the  voice 
of  the  stag  as  an  example,  stating  that  the  male 
makes  a  noise  during  the  season  of  copulation, 
and  the  female  when  she  is  frightened. 

The  celebrated  Harvey,  in  his  Exercitationes 
de  Generations  (of  which  there  is  an  English 
translation  in  the  collection  of  his  works  pub- 
lished by  the  Sydenham  Society,  1  vol.  8vo., 
1847),  illustrates  the  generation  of  viviparous 
animals  from  the  history  of  that  of  the  hind  and 
doe  ;  for  which  selection  he  gives  the  following 
reason :  — 

"  It  was  customary  with  his  Serene  Majesty,  King 
Charles,  after  he  had  come  to  man's  estate,  to  take  the 
diversion  of  hunting  almost  every  week,  both  for  the  sake 
of  finding  relaxation  from  graver  cares,  and  for  his  health  ; 
the  chase  was  principally  the  buck  and  doe,  and  no  prince 
in  the  world  had  greater  herds  of  deer,  either  wandering 
in  freedom  through  the  wilds  and  forests,  or  kept  in 
parks  and  chases  for  this  purpose.  The  game  during  the 
three  summer  months  was  the  buck,  then  fat  and  in 
season;  and  in  the  autumn  and  winter,  for  the  same 
length  of  time,  the  doe.  This  gave  me  an  opportunity  of 
dissecting  numbers  of  these  animals  almost  every  day 
during  the  whole  of  the  season  when  they  were  rutting, 
taking  the  male,  and  falling  with  young."  —  Exercit.  64. 
p.  466. 

In  a  subsequent  passage,  Harvey  laments  that 
his  house  was  plundered  during  the  civil  war,  and 
that  some  of  the  fruits  of  his  scientific  labours 
were  destroyed  :  — 

"  And  whilst  I  speak  of  these  matters,  let  gentle  minds 
forgive  me,  if,  recalling  the  irreparable  injuries  I  have 
suffered,  I  here  give  vent  to  a  sigh.  This  is  the  cause  of 
my  sorrow:  —  Whilst  in  attendance  on  His  Majesty  the 
King  during  our  late  troubles  and  more  than  civil  wars*, 
not  only  with  the  permission  but  by  command  of  the 
Parliament,  certain  rapacious  hands  stripped  not  only  my 
house  of  all  its  furniture,  but  what  is  subject  of  far 
greater  regret  with  me,  my  enemies  abstracted  from  my 
museum  the  fruits  of  many  years  of  toil.  Whence  it  has 
come  to  pass  that  many  observations,  particularly  on  the 


Harvey  alludes  to  the  verse  of  Lucan  :  — 

"  Bella  per  Emathioa  plus  yuam  civilio,  campos." 


generation  of-  insects,  have  perished,  with  detriment,  I 
venture  to  say,  to  the  republic  of  letters."  —  Exerc.  68. 
p.  481. 

A  singular  argument  is  derived  from  the  habits 
of  the  deer,  and  confirmed  by  a  reference  to 
Harvey's  treatise,  by  Martyn,  in  his  Dissertations 
upon  the  Mneids  of  Virgil.  This  critic  thinks 
that  "  Virgil  designs  to  be  exact  in  his  chronology, 
by  his  marking  not  only  the  year,  but  the  very 
time  of  the  year,  when  2Eneas  arrived  at  Carthage." 
He  then  cites  the  description  of  the  herd  of 
deer  which  ^Eneas  descries  near  the  coast  of 
Africa :  — 

"  Tres  littore  cervos 

Prospicit  errantes :  hos  tota  armenta  sequuntur 
A  tergo,  et  longum  per  valles  pascitur  agmen." 

JEn.  i.  184-6. 

He  proceeds  to  infer  that  this  was  the  period 
when  the  stiigs  were  in  season,  and  were  still 
separate  from  the  females;  and  therefore  that 
Virgil  marks  the  summer  as  the  time  of  year 
when  ^Eneas  landed  in  Africa,  and  visited  Dido 
at  Carthage.  How  far  Virgil  possessed  himself, 
or  assumed  in  his  readers,  this  knowledge  of  na- 
tural history,  I  do  not  venture  to  decide;  but  I 
will  only  remark  that  if  the  poet  intended  to  re- 
present .ZEneas  as  arriving  at  Carthage  in  the 
summer,  he  must  suppose  that  the  stay  of  the 
Trojans  at  the  court  of  Dido  was  longer  than  the 
narrative  appears  to  indicate  :  for,  when  ^Eneas 
is  about  to  depart,  Dido  remonstrates  with  him 
for  setting  sail  during  the  winter  :  — 

"  Quin  etiam  hiberno  moliris  sidere  classem, 
Et  mediis  properas  Aquilonibus  ire  per  altum." 

iv.  309. 

G.  C.  LEWIS. 


THE  SOCIETY  OF  DILETTANTI. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  64.  125.) 

As  no  reply  to  the  inquiries  of  your  correspon- 
dents respecting  the  Dilettanti  Society  has  ap- 
peared, perhaps  the  following  rough  notes  may  be 
acceptable.  They  have  been  delayed  in  the  hope 
that  the  respected  son  of  the  ATHENIAN  STUART 
(as  he  is  familiarly  called),  who  is  a  reader  of 
"  IS".  &  Q.,"  might  possibly  be  able  to  communi- 
cate some  particulars  respecting  the  unobtrusive, 
yet  valuable  labours  of  this  Society.  It  need 
scarcely  be  stated,  that  the  word  Dilettanti,  as  one 
of  disparagement  and  ridicule,  is  quite  modern. 

In  the  year  1734  some  gentlemen  who  had 
travelled  in  Italy,  desirous  of  encouraging  at  home 
a  taste  for  those  objects  which  had  contributed  so 
much  to  their  entertainment  abroad,  formed  them- 
selves into  a  Society,  under  the  name  of  ^  the 
"Dilettanti,"  and  agreed  upon  such  regulations 
as  they  thought  necessary  to  keep  up  the  spirit  of 
their  scheme.  Mr.  James  Stuart  and  Mr.  Ni- 
cholas Revett  were  elected  members  in  1751,  and 
the  Society  liberally  assisted  them  in  their  excel- 


202 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


|[2»«  S.  IX.  MAR.  17.  '60. 


lent  work,  The  Antiquities  of  Athens,  In  fact,  it 
is  in  a  great  measure  owing  to  this  Society  that, 
after  the  death  of  these  two  eminent  architects, 
the  work  was  not  entirely  relinquished.  A  large 
number  of  the  plates  were  engraved  from  original 
drawings  in  the  possession  of  the  Society. 

Upon  a  Report  of  the  state  of  the  Society's 
finances  in  the  year  1764,  it  appeared  that  they 
were  possessed  of  a  considerable  sum  above  what 
their  current  services  required.  Various  schemes 
were  proposed  for  applying  part  of  this  money  to 
some  purpose  which  might  promote  taste,  and  do 
honour  to  the  Society ;  and  after  some  considera- 
tion it  was  resolved,  "  That  a  person  or  persons 
properly  qualified  should  be  sent,  with  sufficient 
appointments,  to  certain  parts  of  the  East,  to  col- 
lect inforrnation  relative  to  the  former  state  of 
those  countries,  and  particularly  to  procure  exact 
descriptions  of  the  ruins  of  such  monuments  of 
antiquity  as  are  yet  to  be  seen  in  those  parts." 
The  sum  placed  at  their  disposal  was  2000Z.,  but 
eventually  cost  the  Society  about  2500/. 

Three  persons  were  elected  for  this  under- 
taking. Mr.  Chandler  of  Magdalen  College, 
Oxford,  Editor  of  the  Marmora  Oxoniensia,  was 
appointed  to  execute  the  classical  part  of  the  plan. 
The  province  of  Architecture  was  assigned  to 
Mr.  Revett,  who  had  already  given  a  satisfactory 
specimen  of  his  accuracy  and  diligence,  in  his 
measures  of  the  remains  of  antiquity  at  Athens. 
The  choice  of  a  proper  person  for  taking  views, 
and  copying  the  bas-reliefs,  fell  upon  Mr.  Pars, 
a  young  painter  of  promising  talents.  A  com- 
mittee was  appointed  to  fix  their  salaries  and 
draw  up  their  instructions  ;  in  which,  at  the  same 
time  that  the  different  objects  of  their  respective 
departments  were  distinctly  ^pointed  out,  they 
were  all  strictly  enjoined  to  keep  a  regular  journal, 
and  hold  a  constant  correspondence  with  the 
Society. 

They  embarked  on  the  9th  of  June,  1764,  in 
the  "Anglicana,"  Captain  Stewart,  bound  for  Con- 
stantinople, and  were  put  on  shore  at  the  Darda- 
nelles on  the  25th  of  August.  Having  visited  the 
Sigean  Promontory,  the  ruins  of  Troas,  with  the 
Islands  of  Tenedos  and  Scio,  they  arrived  at 
Smyrna  on  the  llth  of  September.  From  that 
city,  as  their  head-quarters,  they  made  several 
excursions.  On  the  20th  August,  1765,  they 
sailed  from  Smyrna,  and  arrived  at  Athens  on  the 
30th  of  the  same  month,  having  touched  at  Sunium 
and  2Egina  in  their  way.  They  staid  at  Athens  till 
the  llth  June,  1766,  visiting  Marathon,  Eleusis, 
Salamis,  Megara,  and  other  places  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood. Leaving  Athens,  they  proceeded  by 
the  little  Island  of  Calauria  to  Trcezene,  Epidau- 
rus,  Argos,  and  Corinth.  From  this  they  visited 
Delphi,  Patrae,  Elis,  and  Zante,  whence  they  sailed 
on  the  31st  of  August,  in  the  "Diligence"  brig, 
Captain  Long,  bound  for  Bristol,  and  arrived  in 


England  the  2nd  November  following.  The  ma- 
terials they  brought  home  were  thought  not  un- 
worthy of  the  public ;  accordingly,  the  Society  of 
Dilettanti  requested  them  to  publish  a  work 'en- 
titled Ionian  Antiquities,  the  plates  to  be  en- 
graved at  their  expence.  Part  I.,  fol.,  appeared 
in  1769;  Part  II.  in  1797;  Part  III.  in  1840.  The 
results  of  the  expedition  were  also  the  two  popu- 
lar works  of  Chandler's  Travels  in  Asia  Minor, 
1775,  and  his  Travels  in  Greece  in  the  following 
year  ;  also  the  volume  of  Greek  Inscriptions,  1774, 
containing  the  Sigsean  inscriptions,  the  marble  of 
which  has  been  since  brought  to  England  by  Lord 
Elgin,  and  the  celebrated  documents  detailing  the 
reconstruction  of  the  Temple  of  Minerva  Polias, 
which  Professor  Wilkins  illustrated  in  his  Prolu- 
siones  Architectonicce,  1837. 

In  the  festive  gatherings  of  the  Society  we 
meet  with  the  names  of  the  most  celebrated 
statesmen,  wits,  scholars,  artists,  and  amateurs 
of  the  last  century.  At  their  meetings  between 
1770  and  1790  occur  the  names  of  Sir  Joshua 
Reynolds,  Earl  Fitzwilliara,  Charles  James  Fox, 
Hon.  Stephen  Fox  (Lord  Holland),  Hon.  Mr. 
Fitzpatrick,  Charles  Howard  (Duke  of  Norfolk), 
Lord  Robert  Spencer,  George  Selwyn,  Col.  Fitz- 
gerald, Hon.  H.  Conway,  Joseph  Banks,  Duke  of 
Dorset,  Sir  Wm.  Hamilton,  David  Garrick,  George 
Colman,  Joseph  Windham,  R.  Payne  Knight,  Sir 
George  Beaumont,  Townley,  and  plenty  more  of 
less  posthumous  notoriety,  but  probably  of  not 
less  agreeable  companionship.  Some  of  the  fines 
paid  "on  increase  of  income,  by  inheritance, 
legacy,  marriage,  or  preferment,"  are  curious,  viz. 
51.  5s.  by  Lord  Grosvenor  on  his  marriage  with 
Miss  Leveson  Gower ;  111.  lls.  by  the  Duke  of 
Bedford  on  being  appointed  First  Lord  of  the 
Admiralty ;  101.  105.  compounded  for  by  Bubb 
Doddington  as  Treasurer  of  the  Navy ;  21.  2s.  by 
the  Duke  of  Kingston  for  a  Colonelcy  of  Horse 
(then  valued  at  400/.  per  annum)  ;  2 11.  by  Lord 
Sandwich  on  going  out  as  Ambassador  to  the  Con- 
gress at  Aix-la-Chapelle ;  and  2|c?.  by  the  same 
nobleman  on  becoming  Recorder  of  Huntingdon ; 
13*.  4d.  by  the  Duke  of  Bedford  on  getting  the 
Garter;  and  16s.  8d.  (Scotch,)  by  the  Duke  of 
Buccleugh  on  getting  the  Thistle;  21?.  by  the 
Earl  of  Holdernesse  as  Secretary  of  State  ;  and 
9/.  19*.  Gd.  by  Charles  James  Fox  as  a  Lord  of  the 
Admiralty. 

That  entertaining  gossip,  Horace  Walpole,  in 
a  letter  to  Sir  Horace  Mann,  dated  April  14, 
1743,  says  :  — 

"  There  is  a  new  subscription  formed  for  an  Opera  next 
year,  to  be  carried  on  by  the  Dilettanti,  a  club,  for  which 
the  nominal  qualification  is  having  been  in  Italy,  and  the 
real  one  being  drunk ;  the  two  chiefs  are  Lord  Middlesex 
and  Sir  Francis  Dashwood,  who  were  seldom  sober  the 
whole  time  they  were  in  Italy." 

In  1814,  another  expedition  was  undertaken  by 


2"*  s.  IX.  MAR.  17.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


203 


the  Society,  when  Sir  W.  Gell,  with  Messrs. 
Gandy  and  Bedford,  professional  architects,  pro- 
ceeded to  the  Levant.  Smyrna  was  again  ap- 
pointed to  be  the  head- quarters  of  the  mission, 
and  50/.  per  month  was  assigned  to  Mr.  Gell,  and 
200/.  per  annum  to  each  of  the  architects.  An 
additional  outlay,  however,  was  subsequently  re- 
quired ;  and  by  this  means  the  "classical  and  an- 
tique literature  of  England  was  enriched  with  the 
fullest  and  most  accurate  description  of  important 
remains  of  antiquity  hitherto  given  to  the  world. 

The  contributions  of  the  Society  to  the  iesthetic 
studies  of  the  time  also  deserve  notice.  The  ex- 
cellent design  to  publish  select  Specimens  of 
Ancient  Sculpture  preserved  in  the  several  Collec- 
tions of  Great  Britain  was  carried  into  effect  by 
Mr.  R.  Payne  Knight  and  Mr.  Townley,  2  vols.  fol. 
1809,  1835.*  Then  followed  Mr.  Penrose's  In- 
vestigation into  the  Principles  of  Athenian  Archi- 
tecture, printed  in  1851. 

About  the  year  1820,  those  admirable  monu- 
ments of  Grecian  art,  called  the  Bronzes  of  Siris, 
were  discovered  on  the  banks  of  that  river,  and 
were  brought  to  this  country  by  the  Chevalier 
Broudsted.  The  Dilettanti  Society  immediately 
organised  a  subscription,  which  produced  800Z., 
and  the  Trustees  of  the  British  Museum  com- 
pleted the  purchase  by  the  additional  sum  of  200?. 

It  was  mainly  through  the  influence  and  patron- 
age of  the  Dilettanti  Society  that  the  Royal  Aca- 
demy obtained  a  Charter.  In  1774,  the  interest  of 
4000Z.  three  per  cents,  was  appropriated  by  the 
former  for  the  purpose  of  sending  two  students,  re- 
commended by  the  Royal  Academy,  to  study  in 
Italy  or  Greece  for"  three  years. 

That  a  Society  possessing  so  much  wealth  and 
social  importance  as  the  Dilettanti  should  not 
have  had  a  settled  abode  in  the  metropolis  is  sur- 
prising. In  1747,  indeed,  we  find  them  obtaining 
a  plot  of  ground  in. Cavendish  Square  for  this 
purpose ;  but  in  1760  they  disposed  of  the  pro- 
perty. Between  1761  and  1764,  the  project  of 
an  edifice  in  Piccadilly,  on  the  model  of  the 
Temple  of  Pola,  was  agitated  by  the  Committee; 
two  sites  were  proposed,  one  between  Devonshire 
and  Bath  houses,  the  other  on  the  west  side  of  Cam- 
bridge House.  This  scheme  was  also  abandoned, 
and  their  meetings  have  continued  to  be  holden 
in  different  taverns  at  the  west  end.  The  mem- 
bers, now  fifty  in  number,  dine  together  on  the 
first  Sunday  in  every  month,  from  February  to 
July,  at  the  Thatched  House  Tavern,  St. 
James',  where  Colonel  Leake,  Lord  Lansdowne, 
Lord  Aberdeen,  and  Lord  Broughton  may  meet 
men  of  the  present  generation,  professing  the 
same  objects,  and  apparently  stimulated  with  the 

*  At  the  end  of  Vol.  ii.  Mr.  Knight  has  added  his 
ible  Essay,  An  Inquiry  into  the  Symbolical  Language 
of  Ancient  Art  and  Mythology,  first  published  in  1818. 


same   desire  to  foster  the  old  flame  of  classical 
life,  and  pass  on  the  torch  to  future  ages. 

Some  account  of  the  Society  was  printed  for 
private  circulation  by  the  present  Secretary,  Mr. 
William  Hamilton,  entitled,  Historical  Notices  of 
the  Society  of  dilettanti,  4to.  Lond.  1855,  and 
epitomised  in  The  Edinburgh  ll'eview,  vol.  cv. 
pp.  493—517,  whence  the  foregoing  particulars 
have  been  mostly  obtained.  J.  YEOWELL. 


HERALDIC  ENGRAVING. 
(2nd  S.  viii.  471.;  ix.  110.) 
The  invention  of  the  convenient  mode  of  indi- 
cating the  tinctures  of  heraldic  charges  by  en- 
graved lines  and  points  is  usually  attributed  to 
the  Jesuit,  Father  Sylvestre  de  Sancta  Petra, 
whose  Tesserce  Gentilities  (the  only  heraldic  work 
appearing  under  his  name)  was  published  at 
Rome  in  1638.  I  have,  however,  an  earlier  au- 
thority for  the  practice  in  a  vellum  bound  volume 
published  at  Brussels  in  1636,  entitled  Declara- 
tion Mystica  de  las  Armes  de  Espana.  In  this 
work  some  of  the  tinctures  are  indicated  differently 
from  the  mode  which  soon  after  became,  and  still 
continues  to  be  universally  practised  by  heraldic 
authors;  thus  Roxo  is  indicated  by  horizontal, 
and  Azul  by  perpendicular  lines,  reversing  the 
modern  and  established  practice,  which  assigns 
perpendicular  lines  to  Gules,  and  horizontal  to 
Azure.  Verde  is  shown  by  horizontal  lines  with 
points  between  them ;  Morado,  as  the  modern  Sa- 
ble ;  and  Negro  by  lines  closely  set  in  saltire.  The 
invention  was  not  at  first  intended  to  be  used  for 
printed  books,  but  to  take  the  place  of  enamelled 
colours  on  metal.  Randle  Holme  says  — 

"  There  is  a  certain  way  by  Retching  to  signify  any 
Colour  or  Mettle,  as,  when  a  Person  hath  his  Coat  of 
Arms  engraven  upon  his  plate,  as  Cups,  Canns,  Flagons, 
Dishes,  and  such  like,  by  the  several  ways  of  Hetching 
the  Field,  the  Colour,  or  Mettle  thereof  may  be  ex- 
pressed."—  Academy  of  Armory,  Book  i.  p.  18. 

Holme,  however,  found  it  convenient  to  adopt 
the  practice  .in  the  curious  copper-plate  illustra- 
tions to  his  quaint  volume  published  in  1688. 

Nesbit,  writing  in  the  earliest  decade  of  the 
last  century,  states,  that 

"  Tinctures  carved  and  engraven  on  copper-plate  were 
anciently  known  by  the.  initial  letter  of  their  name,  but 
now  in  Tailledouce,  they  are  known  by  points,  hatches,  or 
small  lines."  —  System  of  Heraldry,  vol.  i.  p.  14. 

The  death-warrant  of  King  Charles  I.,  stated 
to  be  the  earliest  English  example  of  the  practice, 
is,  I  apprehend,  an  engraved  facsimile  of  that  do- 
cument, the  seals  of  the  subscribing  parties  being 
represented,  and  the  tinctures  indicated  in  taille- 
douce :  such  an  engraving  I  remember  to  have 
seen  recently  advertised  in  some  old  book- cata- 
logue, but,  by  neglecting  to  "  make  a  note  of  it," 
I  am  now  unable  to  procure  a  copy,  though  I  hope 


204 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


g.  ix.  MAK.  17.  :CO. 


this  notice  may  bring  it  to  light.  Its  date  could 
not  be  earlier  than  1649,  and  most  probably  it 
was  engraved  several  years  later. 

The  copper-plate  frontispiece  to  the  Discourse 
of  Arms  and  Armory  by  Waterhous,  16f§,  is  an  early 
example  of  English  tailledouce ;  wherever  Sable 
occurs  in  it  the  indicating  lines  are  similar  to 
those  in  the  volume  of  Spanish  Heraldry  of  1636 
already  referred  to ;  and  such  also  is  the  case  in  some 
of  the  engraved  plates  of  arms  in  the  last  edition 
of  Gwillim  (1724);  while  on  the  same  page  (224.) 
that  tincture  is  represented  in  the  way  now  usual. 
The  practice  appears  to  have  been  adopted  slowly 
in  this  country,  and  its  general  use  was  doubtless 
retarded  by  the  economical  use  of  old  wood-cut 
illustrations  in  the  numerous  reprinted  works  of 
heraldic  authors.  GILBERT  J.  FRENCH. 

Bolton. 


BURIAL  OF  PRIESTS. 
(2nd  S.  ix.27.  92.  130.) 

A  first-rate  authority  in  these  matters  is  Mar- 
tene,  in  his  work  De  Antiquis  Ecclesia  Riti- 
J)us.  Kow  I  cannot  find  in  that  work  any  vestige 
of  a  distinction  made  by  the  ancient  Christians  in 
the  position  of  the  bodies  of  clergy  and  laity.  In 
the  fourteenth  chapter  of  the  3rd  book  (ed.  1763, 
Antverp.  torn.  ii.  p.  374.),  we  read  thus  :  — 
"  Situs  Mortuorum  in  Tumulo." 

"  Situs  autem  mortuorum  in  tumulo  is  erat,  ut  supini 
deponerentur,  vultu  ad  cselum  converse,  quia  solo  in  caelo 
spes  nostra  fundata  est;  capite  ad  occidentem  posito, 
pedibus  ad  orientem  directis.  Id  quod  ex  Adamnani 
libro  2.  de  locis  sanctis,  ubi  agens  de  sepulchris  quatuor 
patriarch  arum,  Abraham,  Isaac,  et  Jacob,  et  Adam  primi 
liominis,  hsec  habet:  'Quorum  plantae  non  sicut  in  aliis 
orbis  regionibus  ad  Orientem  humatorum  convert!  moris 
est,  sed  ad  Meridiem  versae,  et  capita  contra  Septentrio- 
nalem  plagam  conversa.'  Carolus-magnus  tamen  in  sede 
aurefi  compositus,  est  sepultus." 

There  is  no  mention  here  made  of  any  differ- 
ence between  ecclesiastics  and  laymen.  I  will 
next  produce  similar  testimony  from  his  treatise 
De  Antiquis  MonacJiorum  Ritibus.  Observe,  that 
many  of  the  monks  were  priests  also,  but  in  their 
burial  no  difference  was  made.  Quoting  from  the 
MS.  of  the  Customs  of  Cluni,  he  writes  :  — 

"  Quo  facto,  statim  sine  quolibet  intervallo,  ponitur 
corpus  in  terrain ;  ita  ut  pedes  si nt  versus  orientem,  et 
caput  versus  occidentem ;  iterumque  aqua  benedicta  as- 
pergitur,  et  incensatur ;  tune  operculo  ligneo  operitur." — 
Lib.  v.  cap.  10. 

Again,  from  the  Breviary  of  the  Benedictine 
Monastery  of  Casale  :  — 

"  Asperso  denique  aqua  benedicta  et  incensato  defuncti 
corpore  et  sepulcro,    deponatur  defunctus  in  sepulcrum 
supinus,  capite  ad  Occidentem,  et  operiatur  humo." — Ib., 
•  p.  264. 

As  to  the  position  of  the  corpse  in  the  church 
during  the  funeral  obsequies,  there  does  not  seem 
to  have  been  formerly  any  distinction  observed. 


Martene  quotes  from  the  Ambrosian  Ritual  the 
"  Ordo  ad  sepeliendos  Defunctos  sseculares,"  from 
which  I  extract  as  follows  :  — 

"In  Ecclesia  collocate  defuncti  corpore,  ita  ut  pedes 
sint  versus  orientem,  seu  Altare  majus,  et  clero  corpus 
circumstante,  legitur  sequens  Passio." 

And  at  the  interment  we  read  :  — 

"  Collocato  corpore  in  sepulcro,  ita  ut  supinum  jaceat, 
pedibus  ad  orientem,  seu  ad  altaie  versis,  sacerdos  asper- 
git  aqua  benedicta,"  etc. 

Then  follows  the  "  Ordo  ad  sepeliendum  Sacer- 
dotem  vel  Clericum,"  in  which  we  read  :  — 

"  His  peractia,  ordinatur  processio  ut  supra.  .  .  . 
In  Ecclesia  collocate  cadavere  ut  supra,"  etc. 

Discipline  in  this  matter  seems  to  have  varied 
in  more  recent  times.  The  Roman  Catholic  ritual, 
now  in  use  in  this  country,  gives  the  following 
directions  :  — 

"  Corpora  defunctorum  in  Ecclesia  ponenda  sunt  pedi- 
bus versus  altare  majus;  vel  si  conduntur  in  Oratoriis,  ant 
capellis,  ponantur  cum  pedibus  versis  ad  illarum  altaria : 
quod  etiam  pro  situ  et  loco  fiat  in  sepulchro,.  Preslyteri 
vero  habeant  caput  versus  altare." 

JOHN  WILLIAMS. 

.Arno's  Court. 


The  reason  assigned  by  the  vicar  of  Morwenstow 
for  the  injunction  in  the  Roman  Ritual  — which 
also  obliges  Catholics  in  this  country — to  place  the 
bodies  of  priests  with  the  head  nearest  the  altar 
and  the  feet  towards  the  west,  does  not  appear  to 
have  any  foundation,  but  to  be  a  mere  fanciful 
idea  without  any  reason.  For  it  must  be  observed 
that  the  rubric  applies  to  noue  of  the  clergy  be- 
low priests,  yet  why  should  not  other  clerics  and 
devout  laics  also  be  ready  to  follow  Christ  in  the 
air  ?  The  true  reason  seems  to  be,  that  as  the 
laity  are  turned  in  church  towards  the  altar,  and 
their  feet  tend  towards  it,  they  should  be  similarly 
placed  after  death  ;  but  as  1he  priest  turns  from 
the  altar  to  preach  and  minister  to  them,  so  he 
also  is  appropriately  placed  as  if  still  coming  from 
the  altar,  and  towards  the  congregation.  "  De- 
functus adhuc  loquitur."  The  custom  ought  not 
to  be  stigmatised,  as  it  is  by  R.  G.  (1st  S.  ii.452.), 
as  "  an  unjusti6able  priestly  prerogative,"  but  as 
a  pious  mode  of  representing  the  relative  positions 
held  by  priest  and  people  in  the  church  during 
life.  F.  C.  H. 


I  remember  to  have  seen  in  S.  Chad's  Cathe- 
dral, Birmingham,  the  brass  of  a  priest,  modern 
of  course,  placed  with  the  head  towards  the 
altar.  The  authority  for  so  doing  is  no  doubt 
the  direction  given  in  the  Ritual,  "  De  Exe- 
quiis  : "  — 

"  Corpora  defunctorum  in  Ecclesia  ponenda  sunt  pedi- 
bus versus  altare  majus;  vel  si  conduntur  in  Oratoriis 
aut  Capellis,  ponantur  cum  pedibus  versis.  ad  ill  arum 


S.  IX.  MAR.  17.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


205 


altaria :  quod  etiam  pro  situ  etloco  fiat  in  sepulchre.  Pres- 
byteri  verb  babeant  caput  versus  altare." 

At  what  period  was  this  direction  introduced 
into  the  Ritual,  and  does  it  occur  in  the  ancient 
English  uses  ?  VEBNA. 

[This  rule,  contained  in  the  Rltuak  Romanum,  was 
sanctioned  by  Pope  Paul  V.  in  June,  1614.  See  "  N.  & 
Q.,"  1»'S.  ii.  452.  —  ED.] 


EUDO  DE  RYE  (2nd  S.  ix.  181.)— The  pedigree 
of  the  Frecheville  family,  carefully  revised  by  SIR 
F.  MADDEN,  will  afford"  authentic  information  as 
to  the  issue  of  Eudo  de  Rya-Dapifer.  They  repre- 
sented (as  their  descendants  do  now)  the  elder 
line  from  Radulphus  (which  took  the  designation 
of  Fitz-Ralph),  the  eldest  son  of  Haberlus  de 
Rya,  as  Eudo  appears  to  have  been  the  youngest. 
He  had  apparently  no  other  issue  but  Margaret, 
who  married  William  de  Mandeville.  She  is 
called  in  the  pedigree  "  filia  et  haeres,"  and  in  SIR 
F.  MADDEN' s  note  (2  e.),  "daughter  and  sole 
heiress."  The  account  (from  the  Monasticori)  of 
the  founding  of  the  hospital  at  Colchester  by  Eudo, 
A.D.  1097,  is  a  curious  one.  The  first  stone  was 
laid  by  himself,  the  second  by  his  wife  Rohais,  and 
the  third  by  her  brother,  Earl  Gilbert  (Gilbert  de 
Tonebrigge).  Eudo  died  at  Preaux  in  Normandy, 
but  was  buried  at  Colchester,  A.D.  1120. 

FRECHEVILLE  L.  BALLANTINE  DYKES. 

Ingwell,  Whitehaven. 

"  PIGTAILS  AND  POWDER"  (2nd  S.  ix.  163.)  — 
I  think  that  the  first  were  done  away  with  by 
order  in  1807,  or  the  beginning  of  1808.  Powder 
(except  for  the  officers,  the  men  having  long 
ceased  to  wear  it,)  was  abolished  by  order  in 
1814,  after  the  Peninsular  Campaigns.  The 
sovereigns  of  Russia  and  Prussia,  with  their  mili- 
tary attendants,  visited  this  country  in  that  year, 
after  peace  was  signed,  and  appeared  in  the 
proper  colour  of  their  short  cut  locks.  This  in- 
duced the  Prince  Regent  to  do  away  with  powder 
all  together.  As  far  as  my  memory  goes,  the 
Russian  soldiers  never  wore  it.  I  presume  they 
were  not  to  be  trusted  with  pomatum,  for  fear 
they  should  eat  it.  AN  OLD  SOLDIER. 

There  still  exists  a  lingering  relic  of  the  former 
exploded  fashion  in  the  officers'  dress  uniform*of 
the  23rd  Royal  Welsh  Fusiliers,  viz.,  the  black 
silk  bag  suspended  (apparently  from  the  hair,  but 
really)  from  the  collar  of  the  scarlet  coat.  I 
knew  an  old  gentleman  in  Chester  who,  until  his 
death,  just  seven  years  ago,  prided  himself  on  his 
elegant  pigtail,— the  last,  I  believe,  of  its  race  in  this 
His  main  reason  for  retaining  this  quaint 
distinction  was,  if  I  remember  rightly,  through 
his  having  been  saved  from  drowning  in  his  early 
years  by  means  of  his  favourite  tail.  Powder  is 
not  unlikely  to  come  into  fashion  once  more,  as 


almost  the   only  special   privilege   attaching  by 
statute  to  our  modern  Volunteers  is  the  right  to 
use  hairpowder  without  paying  duty.    T.  HUGHES. 
Chester. 

JOHN  BRADSHAW'S  LETTER  (2nd  S.  ix.  115.)  — 
It  is  doubtful  whether  the  letter  of  John  Brad- 
shawe  to  Sir  Peter  Legh  printed  in  your  journal 
was  written  by  the  regicide.  The  character  of  the 
handwriting,  though  not  decisive,  rather  militates 
against  the  supposition.  The  letter  was  printed 
by  me  in  the  second  volume  of  Chetham  Miscel- 
lanies in  1856,  and  I  stated  the  doubts  in  my  in- 
troduction :  — 

"  There  were  two  John  Bradshawes  contemporaries  at 
Gray's  Inn,  the  one  admitted  a  student  in  1620,  the  other 
in  1622 ;  and,  the  original  archives  of  that  house  having 
perished,  it  is  not  possible  to  determine  with  absolute  cer- 
tainty which  of  these  was  the  future  President  of  the  High 
Court  of  Justice,  or  which  was  the  writer  of  this  letter." 
WILLIAM  LANGTON, 

Hon.  Sec.  Chetham  Soc. 

Manchester. 

"  CAT  "  (2nd  S.  ix.  97.)— MR.  KEIGHTLEY,  in 
allusion  to  the  game  of  u  cat,"  in  which  he  was 
initiated  by  his  father's  gardener,  says,  "  I  have 
never  seen  or  heard  of  it  anywhere  else,  either 
in  England  or  in  Ireland."  A  dozen  years  ago, 
when  I  was  a  boy  at  school  in  Galloway,  Scot- 
land, the  game  was  a  favourite  one,  rarely  a  day 
passing  without  it  being  played  by  some  of  the 
scholars ;  and  I  have  no  reason  to  believe  that  it 
is  not  popular  at  this  day.  As  we  played  it, 
however,  it  differed  materially  from  cricket.  Five 
only  could  play.  Four  with  sticks  in  their  hands 
stood  beside  four  holes,  each  at  the  corner  of  a 
square.  One  in  the  centre  held  a  piece  of  wood 
of  the  character  described  by  MR.  KEIGHTLEY. 
This  piece  of  wood,  which  was  called  the  "  cat," 
he  pitched  towards  one  of  the  holes,  and  if  it 
went  in,  or  fell  across  the  hole,  the  boy  standing 
by  that  particular  hole  had  to  exchange  places 
with  the  one  in  the  centre.  But  the  one  at  the 
corner  struck  the  "  cat "  with  his  stick  if  he 
could,  and  if  he  did  so  he  advanced  towards  his 
neighbour's  hole,  who  in  turn  went  to  the  next, 
the  other  two  advancing  in  a  similar  way.  If  he 
missed,  and  the  "  cat "  did  not  fall  on  the  hole, 
then  he  tipped  it  on  the  end,  and  thus  tilting  it 
up,  struck  it  away.  If  he  failed  in  doing  this 
after  three  trials  he  had  to  go  to  the  centre, 
which  he  also  had  to  do  if  the  boy  in  the  centre, 
after  the  "  cat"  had  been  struck,  caught  it  before 
it  reached  the  ground.  When  the  "cat"  was 
struck  it  was  compulsory  on  those  at  the  corners 
to  run  round,  and  the  one  in  the  middle  most 
readily  obtained  relief  by  getting  the  "  cat "  into ' 
a  hole  during  the  change  of  places. 

I  am  almost  certain  I  have  seen  the  same  game 
played  in  Yorkshire  under  the  name  of  "  tip- 
cat." Could  any  of  your  West  Riding  corre- 


206 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»d  S.  IX.  MAR.  17.  '60. 


spondents  give  satisfactory  information  on  this 
point  ?  J.  R. 

Edinburgh. 

Your  correspondent,  MB.  KEIGHTLEY,  mentions 
the  game  called  "cat,"  which  he  says  "was  cricket 
in  elect,  only,  that  instead  of  wickets  there  were 
holes,  and  instead  of  a  ball  a  shuttle-shaped  piece 
of  wood, — in  other  respects  it  was  played  precisely 
like  cricket."  He  adds  :  "  I  have  never  seen  or 
heard  of  it  anywhere  else,  either  in  England  or  in 
Ireland."  This  rather  surprises  me,  because  in 
Norfolk  I  have  often  seen  boys  make  the  "  cat," 
and  play  the  game.  If  MR.  KEIGHTLEY  will  look 
into  my  History  of  Sedgley  Park  School,  he  will 
find  the  game  mentioned  at  p.  104.  with  due 
honour  as  a  favourite  game.  So  it  was,  but  we 
found  it  more  convenient  to  play  it  with  a  hand- 
ball, and  with  a  peculiar  round  truncheon  called  a 
cat-stick ;  thinner  in  the  middle  than  at  the  ends, 
and  the  striking  end  thicker  than  the  handle. 
But  the  game  was  always  called  "  cat,"  and  care- 
fully distinguished  from  a  somewhat  similar  game 
called  "  rounders."  In  "  cat,"  one  boy  was  "  in," 
and  had  to  run  round  the  holes  in  time  to  prevent 
anyone  putting  the  ball  into  the  striking  hole  ; 
but  in  "rounders"  each  hole  had  its  boy  standing 
at  it,  and,  when  the  ball  was  struck,  all  kept  run- 
ning round  till  the  ball  was  returned ;  when  he 
who  got  the  striking  hole,  of  course  struck  the 
ball  next.  F.  C.  H. 

MARRIAGE  LAW  (2nd  S.  viii.  328.;  ix.  112.)  — 
I  think  I  was  right  when  I  said  that  the  old  law 
of  Christendom  is  what  "  we  now  know  as  the 
Scotch  Law."  But  waiving  this,  I  did  not  quote 
an  Encyclopedia  of  1774,  but  of  1744,  before  the 
Act  of  Geo.  II.  It  was  the  supplementary  volume 
of  Dr.  Harris's  Lexicon  Technicum,  which  was 
published  in  England  at  the  time  when  the  incon- 
veniences of  the  existing  marriage  law  were  in 
process  of  forcing  amendment.  It.  is  contem- 
porary evidence  to  the  state  of  opinion  as  to  what 
was  the  English  law :  and  the  volume  bears  ample 
marks  of  learning,  legal  and  ecclesiastical.  Neither 
did  I  suppose  that  the  Scotch  law  makes  wit- 
nesses essential :  my  words  were,  "  Was  the  mar- 
riage by  simple  contract  in  presence  of  witnesses 
as  common  as  it  is  supposed  to  be  in  Scotland?" 
And  I  should  like  again  to  put  the  question,  that 
anyone  of  your  readers  who  may  meet  with  a  case 
turning  upon  such  a  contract  may  give  information. 
For  since  marriage  without  the  presence  of  a  priest 
was  not  "  null  and  void,"  but  only  "  irregular,"  it 
surely  must  have  happened  that  some  question  of 
succession  depending  on  the  validity  of  such  a  mar- 
riage must  have  been  decided  by  the  courts.  M. 

CHALK  DRAWING  (2nd  S.  ix.  123.)  —-It  is  ex- 
tremely difficult  to  decipher  mottoes  and  inscrip- 
tions referring  to  graphic  illustrations  without  a 
copy  of  the  drawing  or  plate.  In  a  description, 


particularly  as  in  the  present  instance,  by  a  party 
professedly  ignorant  of  the  meaning  and  language 
of  the  inscription,  some  possibly  small  touch  may 
have  escaped  him  very  needful  to  explain  it. 
However  the  following  literal  translation  may  in 
some  measure  account  for  the  design  :  — 

"  Then  the  fire  would  have  also  destroyed  me ;  but  oil 
crushing  the  stone  upon  the  Rock,  with  might  I  kindled 
the  light." 

I  take  it  the  first  sentence  refers  to  the  fire  in 
the  gouty  foot,  which  is  generally  treated  with 
blankets  and  extra  heat,  to  which  the  jlatter  sen- 
tence refers,  as  procuring  the  means  "of  cure  or 
alleviation  by  the  light  to  kindle  a  fire.  Is  not 
the  bladder-stone  alluded  to  in  crushing  the 
stone  ?  W.  B.,  Ph.  Dr. 

The  old  man  is  Philoctetes ;  the  inscription  is  a 
translation  of 

"'Eira  TTvp  a.v  bv  vapr/v 
'AAA*  iv  irerpoicri  irerpov  €KTpi/3wv,  ju.6A.ts 
"E^rjv'  a<J><u"rov  <]><3$.—Phtloctet.  v.  295. 

H.  B.  C. 
U.  U.  Club. 

.  EPIGRAM  ON  HOMER  (2nd  S.  iv.  207.)  —  This 
Query,  which  has  only  just  now  caught  my  atten- 
tion, seems  to  have  had  no  reply,  so  the  following 
may  be  acceptable  :  — 

The  Rev.  J.  M.  Neale,  in  his  Hierologus  (Lond. 
Jas.  Burns,  1846,  p.  205.),  speaking  of  Hey  wood 
and  his  Hierarchic,  observes  : 

"  He  has  had  his  plagiarists ;  Dr.  Seward's  Epigram 
has  been  often  quoted : 

'  Seven  mighty  Cities  strove  for  Homer  dead, 

Through  all  the  living  Homer  begged  his  bread.' 
"  But  it  is  evidently  only  an  improvement  on — 
'  Seven  Cities  warred  for  Homer,  being  dead, 
Who  living  had  no  place  to  lay  his  head.' " 

Mr.  Neale  has  not  quoted  Hey  wood's  lines  quite 
accurately  :  they  run  as  follows  :  — 

"  Seven  Cities  warr'd  for  Homer  being  dead ; 
Who  living  had  no  roofe  to  shrowd  his  head."  * 

Where  is  "  Dr.  Seward's  Epigram  "to  be  found, 
and  does  he  give  it  as  his  own  ? 

In  the  Life  of  Tasso  in  Lardner's  Cab.  Cyclo. 
("  Literary  Men  of  Italy,  &c."  Lond.  1835,  vol. 
ii.  p.  101.)  this  Epigram  is  quoted  with  the  refer- 
ence "  Ath.  i.  384."  appended  —  an  abbreviation, 
I  suppose,  for  Athenseus.  As  I  have  not  a  copy 
of  this  author  within  reach,  will  some  one  kindly 
verify  the  reference,  and  see  if  this  epigram  be 
rightly  ascribed  to  Athenseus  ?  f 

The  "  Seven  rival  cities  "  which  contended  for 
the  honour  of  Homer's  birth-place,  are  comprised 
by  Vavro  in  a  single  line :  — 

"  Sm}*rna,  Rhodus,  Colophon,  Salamin,  Chios,  Argos, 
Athense." 

ElRIONNACH. 


*   The  Hierarchic  of  the  blessed  Angells.     Lond.  1635, 
folio,  p.  207. 
[f  It  is  not  from  Athenseus. — ED.] 


2°a  S.  IX.  MAR.  17.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


207 


!  BAISELS  OP  BAIZE  (2nd  S.  ix.  25.  90.  150.)  — 
I  have  not  the  intention  of  disputing  the  answer 
of  your  correspondent  to  MR.  PISHET  THOMPSON'S 


it  highly  probable  that  they  may  have  become  so 
debased  as  to  be  made  of  "  baize  "  or  some  other 
worthless  material ;  which,  indeed,  may  have  been 
the  cause  of  their  abolition. 

As  I  have  not  been  able  to  meet  with  any  other 
notice  of  these  extinct  coins,  I  should  be  glad  if 
you  would  open  the  columns  of  "  N.  &  Q."  to 
numismatic  antiquaries,  for  information  as  to  the 
description  and  value,  &c.  of  "  basels."  WIGTOFT. 

THE  PRUSSIAN  IRON  MEDAL  (2nd  S.  ix.  130.)— 
I  have  the  pleasure  to  inform  VEDETTE  that  the 
title  in  full  of  the  work  quoted  by  me  in  "  N.  &  Q." 
(2lld  S.  ix.  91.)  is  as  follows — the  copy  before  me 
being  a  Belgian  reprint  of  the  Paris  edition  of 
1831-7:  — 

"  Memoires  tires  des  Papiers  d'un  Homme  d'Etat  sur 
les  Causes  Secretes  qui  ont  determines  la  Politique  des 
Cabinets  dans  les  Guerres  de  la  Revolution.  Bruxelles, 
1838." 

The  abridged  form  of  title  given  by  me  at  the 
place  in  your  columns  above  referred  to,  is  cer- 
tainly not  precisely  accurate,  but  is  so  much  in 
common  use,  that  it  did  not  occur  to  me  that  it 
might  be  misunderstood.  For  instances  of  this,  I 
may  cite  Sir  A.  Alison's  History  of  Europe  from 
the  Commencement  of  the  French  Revolution,  frc., 
edit.  1849-50  (vol.  i.  p.  xxxviii.),  as  also  the 
Catalogue  of  the  London  Library,  &c. 

The  authorship  is  attributed  to  Count  d'Allon- 
ville,  he  having  published  a  work  entitled  : 

"  Memoires  Secretes  de  1770  h  1850,  par  M.  le  Comte 
d'Allonville,  auteur  des  Memoires  tires  des  Papiers  d'un 
Homme  d'Etat." 

A  full  account  of  M.  le  Comte  d'Allonville's 
works  will  be  found  under  his  name  in  M.  Que- 
rard's  La  Littcrature  Frangaise  Contemporaine. 
As  to  the  works  themselves,  I  cannot  find  the 
Memoires  tires  des  Papiers  d'un  Homme  d'Etat  in 
the  Catalogues  of  the  British  Museum.  VEDETTE, 
however,  will  meet  with  a  copy  at  the  London 
Library,  12.  St.  James's  Square,  S.W.  Z. 

HORNBOOKS  (2nd   S.  ix.   101.)  — There  is,   or 

was  a  few  years  ago,  a  most  interesting  stained 
glass  window  in  All  Saints',  North  Street,  York, 
at  the  east  end,  over  the  communion  table.  It 
had  been  grievously  mutilated,  but  the  remains 
were  very  beautiful.  It  represented  St.  Anne 
teaching  the  Virgin  to  read  out  of  a  hornbook  with 

inter.  Parts  of  this  group  had  been  patched 
with  [tie<  •-  from  other  windows,  so  that  at  first 

ti   was  some   difficulty   in    making    out    the 

subject ;  but  the  hornbook  was  entire  as  well  as 

ure  of  the  Virgin,  a  lovely  little  girl,  with 


golden  hair,  and  crowned  with  a  wreath  of  lilies. 
I  should  imagine  that  it  was  the  work  of  the  15th 
century.  I  take  this  opportunity  of  calling  the 
attention  of  archaeologists  to  the  stained  glass 
windows  still  existing  in  many  of  the  York 
churches.  They  are  interesting  as  illustrating  the 
manners,  costumes,  and  customs  of  the  middle 
ages  —  and  some  of  them  possess  a  beauty  of 
design  and  expression,  (particularly  those  in  St. 
Denis,  Walmgate,)  that  would  bear  comparison 
with  the  Pre-Eaffaelites  of  the  continent.  M.  G. 
A  very  interesting  paper  on  this  subject,  with 
woodcut  illustrations,  may  be  found  in  Willis's 
Current  Notes  for  October,  1855.  EIRIONNACH. 

CUT  YOUR  STICK  (2nd  S.  viii.  413.  478. ;  ix.  53.) 
—The  conjectures  lately  made  in  "1ST.  &  Q."  as 
to  this  phrase  are  altogether  erroneous.  It  ori- 
ginated as  follows :  — 

About  the  year  1820  a  song  was  sung  in  the 
Saltmarket,  Glasgow,  beginning 

"  Oh  I  creished  my  brogues  and  I  cut  my  stick," 

being  the  adventures  of  an  Irishman,  in  which  of 
course  the  cutting  of  the  stick  referred  to  the 
common  practice  in  Ireland  of  procuring  a  sap- 
ling before  going  off.  An  impression  exists  that 
the  author  of  the  song  was  Harrison,  a  Glasgow 
poet,  who  wrote  many  very  beautiful  verses  at 
that  date,  but  I  can  find  no  positive  evidence  that 
Harrison  was  the  author.  It  afterwards  came  to 
be  the  practice,  when  any  one  ran  off  or  ab- 
sconded, to  say,  that  chap  has  cut  his  stick  too, 
and  thus  the  phrase  originated  and  spread  over 
the  country. 

Of  course  every  one  knows  that  the  phrase  as 
now  used  does  not  mean  the  actual  cutting  a  stick, 
as  it  did  at  and  before  the  date  of  the  song ;  but 
the  decampment,  or  exit,  or  flight,  or  whatever  it 
may  be  called  (with  or  without  a  stick)  of  those 
who  take  to  their  heels,  or  quit  people's  presence 
ignominiously.  Civis. 

Glasgow. 

THE  NINE  MEN'S  MORRIS  (2nd  S.  ix.  97.)— The 
latter  part  of  the  quotation  from  M.  Chabaille,  — 
"On  nomine  aussi  marelle  un  autre  jeu  d'enfants, 
oii  les  joueurs  poussent  a  cloche-pied  un  petit  palet 
dans  chaque  carre  d'une  espece  d'echelle  tracee 
sur  le  terrain,"  —  seems  an  exact  description  of 
the  game  called  pal-al,  so  much  practised  at  this 
day  by  little  girls.  A  ftew  of  them  having  met  at 
some  quiet  place  of  the  street  pavement,  they  may 
be  seen,  with  a  piece  of  chalk,  laying  off  upon  it  a 
number  of  squares  or  beds,  marking  each  in  the 
centre  with  a  rude  hieroglyphic  of  their  own. 
Under  particular  regulations  settled  on,  the  hop-* 
ping  commences  from  one  end  to  the  other  of  the 
squares  by  the  player,  driving  before  her  foot  the 
palet,  or  peevor  (as  it  is  termed),  she  being  spe- 
cially superintended  by  the  rest  of  the  groupe  to 


208 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


°d  S.  IX.  MAR.  17.  '60. 


detect  any  blunders  committed.  I  confess  to  be 
quite  unacquainted  with  the  rules  of  the  game, 
and  as  to  its  origin  I  have  long  thought  it  to  be 
peculiar  to  Scotland,  but  it  must  now  be  allowed 
to  have  a  wider  range.  By  such  appellations  as 
"hop- scotch,"  or  "scotch-hop,"  I  have  never 
known  it. 

The  palet  or  peevor  used,  is  generally  a  piece  of 
slate  or  of  marble,  round  shaped,  and  two  inches 
or  so  in  diameter  ;  of  such  solid  weight  as  to  glide 
along,  but  requiring  a  little  effort  to  push  it  be- 
fore the  foot.  I  think  in  the  word  palet  there 
may  be  found  the  derivation  of  the  common  name 
pal-al ;  and  it  may  be  mentioned  as  a  kind  of 
curiosity,  that  about  two  years  ago,  on  what  readers 
may  suppose  a  very  trifling  subject,  down  came  an 
inquiry  from  an  antiquary  in  England  to  an  LL.D. 
here,  as  to  the  etymology  of  this  very  word  pal-al. 

The  latter  spoke  of  it  to  me,  but  we  were  both 
floored.  Thanks  however  to  MR.  KEIGHTLEY, 
who  has  shed  a  ray  of  light  on  the  obscurity. 

G.  N. 

THE  LAND  or  BYHEEST  (2»d  S.  ix.  101.)  — The 
word  biheest,  or  beheste,  occurs  constantly  in  old 
English  in  the  sense  of  promise.  Wiclif  uses  the 
very  phrase  in  question,  Heb.  xi.  9. :  "  Bi  feith  he 
dwelte  in  the  loud  of  biheeste  as  in  an  alien  lond 
dwelling  in  litle  housis  with  Isaac  and  Jacob 
euene  eiris  of  the  same  biheeste"  The  word  itself 
he  uses  over  and  over  again.  So  also  Robert  of 
Gloucester,  p.  231.,  &c. ;  Life  of  Thomas  Beket 
(Percy  Soc.),  vv.  45.  854.,  &c.  In  St.  Brandan, 
v.  392.,  &c.,  the  same  phrase  occurs  in  the  sense 
(to  the  best  of  my  recollection)  of  "  land  of  pro- 
mise" or  land  to  which  St.  Brandan  and  his  fel- 
lows had  been  ordered  to  sail.  See  also  Promp- 
torium  Parvulorum,  vocc.  beheste  and  behotyn.  • 

J.  EASTWOOD. 

PASSAGE  IN  GROTIUS  (2"d  S.  viii.  453.)  —  Your 
correspondent  will  find  the  remark  of  Grotius  on 
the  Lord's  Prayer  in  his  Annotations  on  Matthew, 
ch.  vi.  9.  Schoettgen  in  his  Horce  Hebraicce  et 
Talmudica  takes  up  the  subject  more  fully,  quot- 
ing at  length  the  Rabbinical  passages  which  cor- 
respond to  the  petitions  in  the  Lord's  Prayer,  pp. 
51—62.  H.  B. 

MATTHEW  SCRIVENER  (2nd  S.  ix.  82.)— Calamy 
{Continuation,  p.  102.)  mentions  an  answer  to 
Scrivener  by  Barret.  Qne  Matthew  Scrivener, 
B.A.,  of  Jesus  College,  has  a  copy  of  verses  in  the 
Cambridge  collection,  "Hymenaeus  Cantabrigi- 
ensis  (1683),  signature  K  3."  He  was  probably 
the  son  of  the  Fellow  of  Catharine. 

J.  E.  B.  MAYOR. 

St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 

BLUE  BLOOD  (2nd  S.  viii.  523.)  — Long  ago  I 
read  that  the  "  blue  blood  of  Castille "  denoted 
those  families  wholly  untainted  by  Moorish  al- 


liance. I  can  give  no  reference,  but  this  is  firmly 
fixed  in  my  memory  ;  and  as  no  one  has  satisfac- 
torily answered  the  Kote,  I  venture  to  advise  an 
examination  of  Mariana's  Spain.  F.  C.  B. 

THE  YOUNG  PRETENDER  (2nd  S.  ix.  46.)  —  The 
fact  is  stated,  and  authorities  given  at  length,  in 
the  Pictorial  History  of  England  (Geo.  III.  vol.  i. 
pp.  13,  14.).  The  reference  in  the  Gent.  Mag.  I 
have  not  been  able  to  find.  It  has  somewhere 
been  stated  that  the  glove  was  actually  picked  up 
by  the  prince.  S.  O. 

SAMUEL  DANIEL  (2nd  S.  ix.  152.)  — Permit  me 
to  thank  MR.  C.  J.  ROBINSON  for  his  reply  to  iny 
Daniel  Query,  though  it  be  of  the  vaguest :  at 
the  same  time  there  is  no  such  inscription  on  the 
marble  tablet  in  Beckington  church  at  this  pre- 
sent, as  I  am  informed  by  the  Rector,  who  has 
kindly  forwarded  me  a  copy  of  the  one  that  is 
there.  MR.  ROBINSON'S  Note  does  not  read  at  all 
like  an  epitaph.  G.  H.  K. 


MONTHLY  FEUILLETON  ON  FRENCH  BOOKS. 

1.  Memoir*  analytique  sur  la  Carte  de  CAsie  Centrale  et  de 
VInde,  construite  d'apres  le  Si'Yu-Ki  (Memoires  sur  les 
Contrees  Ocddentales)  et  les  autres  Relations  Chinoises  des 
premiers  Siedes  de  notre  E^re,  pour  les  Voyages  de  Hiouen- 
Thsang  dans  VInde,  de.pu.is  Vannee  629  jusqu'en  645,  par 
M.  Vivien  de  Saint  Martin.  8°.  Paris,  Benjamin  Du- 
prat  (Imprimerie  imperiale). 

At  this  period,  more  perhaps  than  at  any  previous  one 
during  the  last  thirty  3rears,  we  feel  particularly  inter- 
ested in  everything  relating  to  India,  China,  and  Japan. 
The  habits,  the  laAVS,  the  religion,  the  literature  of  these 
three  countries  are  still  so  new  to  us,  there  is  still  so 
much  room  for  doubt  and  speculation,  that  we  are  natu- 
rally anxious  for  more  abundant  light,  and  any  book 
supplying  this  desideratum  is  doubly  welcome.  Some 
time  ago  au  opportunity  offered  to  us  of  recommending 
a  few  curious  volumes  connected  with  Chinese  imagina- 
tive literature :  the  productions  \ve  intend  noticing  in  the 
present  article  are  not  quite  so  poetical  in  their  character, 
but  we  can  cordially  praise  tnem  as  extremely  interest- 
ing, and  the  student  will  find  himself  amply  repaid  by  any 
amount  of  trouble  he  may  have  taken  in  perusing  them. 

The  better  to  understand,  first,  the  importance  of  M. 
Vivien  de  Saint  Martin's  Memoire  analytique,  we  must 
remember  that  the  doctrines  of  Buddha,  after  having 
finally  established  themselves  in  the  Hindusfcanic  penin- 
sula six  or  seven  hundred  years  before  the  Christian  era, 
spread  quickly  north  and  south,  extending  even  as  far  as 
China,  through  the  zeal  and  intrepidity  of  several  itiner» 
ant  priests.  But  the  most  curious  feature  in  the  -whole 
matter  is  the  manner  in  which  these  missionary  expedi- 
tions were  conducted.  Our  common  notion  of  such  un- 
dertakings is,  that  the  people  or  community  who  is 
anxious  to  proselytise  sends  its  agents,  takes  all  the  pre- 
liminary steps,  and  invades,  if  we  may  so  say,  the  region 
it  wishes  to  convert.  Amongst  the  Chinese,  "  ce  peuple 
oil  tout  semble  se  faire  k  1'inverse  des  autres  "  (Journ.  des 
Sav.,  June  1857,  p.  345.),  the  reverse  took  place.  They 
did  not  choose  to  wait  till  the  Hindus  despatched  to 
them  Buddhist  teachers,  but  they  themselves  organised  a 


2ni1  S.  IX.  MAR.  17.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


209 


missionary  campaign,  and  for  the  space  of  nearly  six 
centuries  "sent  pilgrims,  whose  business  it  was  to  acquire 
at  the  fountain  head  the  elements  of  a  more  elevated 
religion  than  that  preached  by  Confucius.  It  was  a  very 
good  thought  which  suggested  itself  to  these  missionaries 
when  they  sat  down  to  write  a  journal  of  their  travels. 
Hiouen-thsang,  the  principal  amongst  them,  translated 
about  the  year  648  A.D.,  from  Sanscrit  into  Chinese,  a 
number  of  documents  connected  with  Buddhism :  these 
have  recently  appeared  in  a  French  dress  through  the 
care  of  M.  Stanislas  Julien ;  and  it  is  as  referring  to  them 
that  M.  de  Saint  Martin's  memoir  is  so  interesting. 

Of  all  the  topics  concerning  ancient  India,  geography  is 
perhaps  the  one  about  which  we  know  the  least;  and  it 
will  appear  evident  that,  examined  from  that  stand-point, 
such  a  work  as  Hiouen-thsang's  Itinerary  would  be  pe- 
cnliarh'  valuable.  It  includes  all  the  regions  extending 
from  the  N.W.  angle  of  China  to  the  southern  extremity 
of  the  Hindustani  peninsula.  "  Our  traveller,"  says  M. 
de  Saint  Martin,  "  conducts  us  successively  through 
Tartary  and  the  whole  length  of  Transoxiana ;  then  we 
follow  him  as  he  visits  the  valley  of  the  Cabul  river,  the 
Punjaub,  the  Kashmeer,  the  kingdoms  watered  by  the 
lower  Indus,  all  the  basin  of  the  Ganges,  and  the  Dec- 
can."  Unfortunately,  however,  a  variety  of  causes  unite 
to  make  the  elucidation  of  Hiouen-thsang's  geography 
exceptionally  difficult.  The  total  absence  of  contem- 
porary documents  with  which  we  might  compare  the 
Chinese  journal,  the  very  little  we  still  know  respecting 
Sanscrit  geography  previous  to  the  Mussulman  conquest, 
the  inaccuracy  of  the  translator  in  rendering  Sanscrit 
proper  names  by  Chinese  equivalents  —  such  are  a  few 
of  the  impediments  we  might  name.  Nothing  deterred, 
M.  Vivien  de  Saint  Martin  has  applied  himself  strenu- 
ously to  his  task,  and  with  the  help  of  all  the  sources  of 
information  which  modern  science  has  brought  together, 
he  now  gives  us  an  excellent  commentary  on  the  Chinese 
travels  of  the  Buddhist  missionary.  The  map  appended 
to  this  most  valuable  brochure,  embodying  what  we  know 
about  Hindu  geography  during  the  seventh  century  of 
the  present  era,  is  equally  interesting. 

2.  E'tude  sur  la  Geographic  et  les  Populations  primitives 
dii  Nord  Quest  de  V  Inde  d'apres  les  Hymnes  Vediques,  pre- 
cedee  d'un  Apcrfu  de  VE'tat  actuel  des  E'tudes  sur  llnde 
Ancienne.  Par  M.  Vivien  de  Saint  Martin.  8vo.  Paris. 
Benjamin  Duprat.  (Irapr.  imperiale.) 

More  than  ten  years  ago  the  Academic  des  Sciences  et 
Belles  Lettres  proposed  as  a  subject  for  one  of  its  annual 
prizes   the    following   theme:    Restitution   de  V Ancienne 
Geographic  de  VInde  d'apres  les  Sources,  depuis  les  Temps 
Primitifs  jusqu'a  VE'poque  de  T Invasion  Musulmane.     A 
simple  glance  at  this  programme  will  show  both  its  vast 
extent,  and   the  difficulty,  if  not  the  impossibility,  of 
entirely  discussing  it  in  the  present  state  of  our  know- 
ledge of  Hindu  geographical  authorities.     M.  Vivien  de 
Saint  Martin  has  nevertheless  undertaken  to  perform  the 
ta&k,  but  at  the  same  time  he  wisely  adopts  the  plan  of 
publishing  successively  the  various  parts  of  his  gigantic 
By  this  means  he  is  enabled  to  enter  into  more 
particulars  than  he  otherwise  would  perhaps  have  done, 
and  to  avail  himself,  for  future  publication,  of  the  criti- 
cisms passed  upon  this.    The  Geographic  de  VInde  d'apres 
Vcdiqucs  obtained  in  1855  the  prize  offered  by 
the  Academy,  and  no  one  who  has  read  the  book  will 
doubt  but  that  so  honourable  a  reward  was  fully  deserved. 
After  noticing  in  his  Introduction  what  has  already  been 
lone  for  the  investigation  of  Hindu  geography,  M.  de 
iaint  Martin  proceeds  to  fix  the  principal  epochs  which 
nence  embraces,  and  thus  to  mark  out  the  several 
ivisions  of  his  own  treatise.     The  first  is  the  primi- 
>ne,  anterior  to  the  establishment  of  the  Aryan  na- 


tions in  the  plains  of  the  Yamouna  and  the  Ganges :  it 
includes  a  period  of  several  centuries,  and  the  Veda, 
which  is  the  book  of  that  period,  supplies  us  with  all  the 
original  documents  we  possess  on  the  corresponding 
geography.  The  Mahabharata,  the  Rdmayana,  and  other 
works  of  the  same  character,  are  the  literary  monuments 
of  the  second  epoch  of  Hindu  histor_v,  the  epoch  during 
which  the  Aryans  held  their  sway,  and  which  M.  de 
Saint  Martin  designates  as  temps  he~roiques.  For  five  or 
six  hundred  years  ending  about  the  middle  of  the  sixth 
century  B.C.,  we  have  a  period  particularly  rich  in 
literary  monuments  of  the  highest  character,  but  unfor- 
tunately the  Arj'as  had  neither  a  Livy  nor  an  Herodotus 
to  write  their  history;  and  instead  of  authentic  docu- 
ments, we  possess  only  legends,  in  which  it  is  not  easy 
to  distinguish  what  is  true  from  the  extraneous  embel- 
lishments of  fiction.  The  era  of  Q^akyamouni  and  the 
invasion  of  Buddhism  mark  the  historical  period.  Here 
we  get  something  like  a  precise  chronology,  and  our 
sources  of  information  are  no  longer  of  a  legendary 
character.  The  Buddhist  books  of  Nepaul  and  Ceylon, 
and  the  journals  of  the  Chinese  Buddhist  missionaries, 
supply  us  with  details  which  have  at  least  the  merit  of 
authenticity. 

Hindustan  also  boasts  of  a  classical  era.  During  a 
thousand  years,  beginning,  as  we  have  said,  about  the 
middle  of  the  sixth  centuiy  B.  c.,  the  intercourse  of  the 
Greeks  with  the  nations  of  Asia,  and  more  particularly 
the  expeditions  of  Alexander  the  Great,  lead  Hellenic 
and  Latin  writers  to  apply  their  attention  to  Hindu  geo- 
graphy. Herodotus,  Ctesias,  Ptolemaeus,  form  the  prin- 
cipal personages  in  the  tribe  of  historians  who  have 
preserved  in  the  classical  languages  of  ancient  Europe 
details  and  notes  on  that  particular  period. 

The  portion  of  time  immediately  preceding  the  Ma- 
hommedan  conquest  is  compared  by  M.  Vivien  de  Saint 
Martin  to  the  middle  ages  of  the  Western  world.  No 
written  documents  remain  wherebj' this  period  may  be 
illustrated ;  but,  on  the  other  hand,  an  extraordinary 
number  of  inscriptions  all  assignable  to  it  are  still  extant, 
and  when  collected  and  translated  will  supply,  towards 
the  elucidation  of  local  geography,  an  inestimable  amount 
of  interesting  data. 

Finally,  the  invasion  of  Mahommedanism,  being  the 
point  de  'depart  of  the  modern  history  of  Hindustan,  brings 
before  us  an  ample  harvest  of  geographical  writings. 
Arabic  and  Persian  works,  both  published  and  MSS., 
abound,  and  the  important  catalogue  begun  by  the  late 
H.  Elliot  under  the  title  Index  to  the  Mahomedan  His- 
torians of  India,  proves  how  vast  is  the  field  open  for  our 
exploration  and  research. 

We  have  thus  endeavoured  to  sketch  out  the  difficult 
programme  which  our  indefatigable  author  has  under- 
taken to  perform.  A  series  of  twelve  discourses  or  dis- 
quisitions on  Hindu  geography,  an  atlas  of  sixteen  or 
eighteen  maps,  such  is  the  task  to  the  completion  of 
which  he  devotes  all  his  energies. 

It  remains  now  that  we  should  say  a  few  words  of  the 
Geographic  de  VInde  d'apres  les  Hymnes  Vediques,  a  volume 
forming  naturally  the  first  part  of  the  entire  work.  M. 
Vivien  de  Saint  Martin  begins  by  examining  the  histo- 
rical character  of  the  Vedas ;  he  then  assigns  the  date  of 
the  composition ;  and  after  having  studied,  both  geogra- 
phically and  ethnologically,  the  various  hymns  which 
form  the  whole  collection,  he  deduces  frrom  "that  study  a 
survey  of  the  geography  of  Hindustan  about  the  fifteenth 
century  B.  c.  This  disquisition,  amply  illustrated  by 
quotations  and  references,  contain?,  of  course,  a  great 
number  of  facts  which  were  hitherto  only  very  imper- 
fectly known,  if  known  at  all ;  the  distinction"  between 
the  invading  Aryans  and  the  aborigines  or  Djats,  the  ex- 
planation of  the  epithet  Dasyou  applied  to  the  latter,  and 


210 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAR.  17.  '60. 


especially  the  amalgamation  of  the  Djats  with  the  primi- 
tive Aryans  under  one  common  title,  such  are  a  few  points 
noticeable  amidst  many  others. 

3.  Bibliographie  Japonaise,  ou  Catalogue  des  Ouvrages 
relatifs  au  Japon  gui  ont  ete  publies  depuis  le  XV9  Siecle 
jusqu'a  nos  Jours,  rcdige  par  M.  Le'on  Pages,  ancien  At- 
tache de  Legation.  4°.  Paris,  Duprat. 

M.  Vivien  de  Saint  Martin  can  be  quoted  as  a  victo- 
rious evidence  that  the  taste  for  serious  and  useful  studies 
is  still  flourishing  on  the  other  side  of  the  channel.  Let 
us  also  mention  here,  by  way  of  corroboration,  the  excel- 
lent catalogue  of  works  relating  to  Japan  published  lately 
by  M.  Leon  Pages.  The  list,  arranged  chronological^', 
begins  with  the  first  Italian  edition  of  Marco  Polo's 
travels,  and  reaches  down  as  far  as  Capt.  Sherard  Os- 
born's  Cruise  in  Japanese  Waters.  It  will  be  of  invalu- 
able service  to  all  those  who  are  engaged  in  the  study  of 
antiguitates  Sinenses.  We  are  glad  to  find  that  M.  Pages 
has  in  the  press,  I6,  a  history  of  Japan  in  four  octavo 
volumes ;  2°,  a  translation  of  the  Japanese  grammar  of 
Mess.  Donker  Curtius  and  Hoffmann  (published  at  La 
Haye  in  1857)  ;  3°,  a  translation  of  the  Japano-Portugnese 
dictionary  composed  by  the  Jesuit  missionaries,  and  ori- 
ginally published  in  1603.  The  above  three  works  will, 
we  are  told,  be  speedily  issued.  GUSTAVB  MASSON. 

Harrow-on- the-Hill. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.  of  the  following  Book  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentleman  by  whom  it  is  required,  and  whose  name  and  address 
are  given  for  that  purpose : 

ART  UNION.    Title-page  and  Index  to  Vol.  IV.,  published  with  No.  48 
January,  1843. 

Wanted  by  Joseph  Jones,  Severn  Stoke,  Worcester. 


to 

We  have  been  compelled  to  postpone  until  next  week  our  Notes  on 
Books,  including  those  on  the  Speeches  on  Trial  of  Warren  Hastings  ; 
Itawlinsnn's  Herodotus ;  Dr.  Doran's  Princes  of  Wales ;  Stark's 
beautiful  book  on  English  Mosses,  and  many  other  new  books  of  interest. 

J.  M.  (Elem.)  Copies  of  the  various  Nos.  of  "  N.  &  Q."  shall  be  sent  to 
Copenhagen  to  Professor  Worsaae. 

F.  R.  S.  S.  A.    A  reference  to  Akerman's   Numismatic  Manual  will 
supply  information  as  to  the  best  tvorks  on  Numismatics. 

T.  B.  W.  (Cambridge.)  From  the  song  of  "  Rogcro  "  in  The  Rovers- 
See  Poetry  of  Anti-jacobin. 

IGNORAMUS  is  referred  to  our  1st  S.  ii.  and  viii.  for  numerous  articles 
on  Ampers  and  &. 

CHELSEG  A  is  requested  to  say  how  a  letter  may  be  addressed  to  him. 

J.  H.  VAN  LENNEP.  Notes  and  Queries  will  be  forwarded  to  Amster- 
dam in  the  mode  indicated. 

PHILOLOOUS.  On  the  origin  of  the  title  "  Exon  "  of  the  Queen's 
Guard,  see  our  1  st  S.  iv,  87- 

TRETANE.  On  the  extinction  of  wolves  in  Ireland,  sec  our  2nd  S.  i.  96. 
282.;  ii.  120. 

D.  SEDOWICK.  Our  authority  for  statinft  (2nd  S.  viii.  90.)  that  the 
Rev.  Thomas  Harrison  was  vicar  ofRatdiffe  is  Nichols's  Leicestershire, 
iii.  382. 

GEO.  OFFOR.  A  Grass  Widow  is  an  unmarried  woman  who  has  had  a 
child. 

R.  INOLIS.  The  Rer.  KJn-ard  Kagnall,  was  of  Magdalen  Hall,  Oxford; 
B.A.  1829;  M.A.  1831.  He  died  at  the.  parsonage,  of  Over  Whitacre.co. 

Warwick,  on  June  11,  183G We  are   inclined 'to    think    that   Wm. 

Richard  Scott,  author  of  Beliiarius,  1810,  ivas  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin, 

B.A.  1847  ;  Deacon,  1848  ;  Priest,  1849 There  are.  no  dramatic  pieces 

in  Caroline  W.  Leakey's  Lyra  Australis,  1854. 

G.  W.  M.    Mr.  T.  Topham,  Castle  Street,  Chester,  has  a  copy  of  Han- 
shall' s  Chester  for  sale. 

"NOTES  AND  QOERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  subscription  far  STAMPED  COPIES  /or 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  Us.  id.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  o/ MESSRS.  BELL  AND  DALDY,  186.  FLEET  STRKBT,  E.C.j  to  whom 
all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  TH«  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


SILVER     MINES     OF    NORWAY. —EAST 
KONGSBERG  NATIVE  SILVER  MINING   COMPANY  OF 

NORWAY  (Limited). 

Incorporated  under  the  Joint^stock  Companies  Acts,  1856, 1857, 1858. 
Capital,  £150,000,  in  30,000  Shares  of  *5  each. 

Deposit,  5s.  per  share  on  application,  and  5s.  per  share  on  allc.... 
I  uture  calls,  if  required,  not  to  exceed  10s.  per  share,  and  not  to 
made  at  less  intervals  than  three  months. 

DIRECTORS: 
CHAiRMAN-Major-Gen.  PEMBERTON,  York  House,  Chertsey. 

William  Barnard  Boddy,  Esq..,  M.D.,  Saville  Row,  Walworth. 
John  C.  Fuller,  Esq.,  Woodlands,  Isleworth. 
Edward  A.  Lamb,  Esq.,  Iden  Park,  Rye,  Sussex. 
James  Lawrie,  Esq.,  33,  Lombard  Street. 

BANKERS.— The  City  Bank,  Threadneedle  Street,  B.C. 
SOLICITOR— James  Bourdillon,  Esq.,  30,  Great  Winchester  Street,  E.C. 
CONSULTING  ENGINEER — John  Hamilton  Clement,  Esq.,  F.G.S. 
BROKER— Frederick  Everett,  Esq.,  17.  and  18.  Royal  Exchange. 

SECRETARY-MR.  GEORGE  SEARBY. 
Offices-No.  35.  MOORGATE  STREET,  E.C. 

This  Company  has  obtained  an  exclusive  grant  from  the  Norwe 
Government  of  upwards  of  56,000  acres,  part  of  the  Kongsberg  S 
Mines,  so  successfully  worked  by  the  Government  for  many  years 
and  reckoned  the  most  important  for  native  silver  in  Europe. 

Some  idea  of  the  results  to  be  obtained  by  an  extensive  and  energeti. 
development  of  this  property  may  be  formed  from  the  fact  that  the 
King's  Mines,  worked  by  the  Government,  have,  in  some  years,  yielded 
a  clear  profit  of  upwards  of  £60,000;  the  average  net  profit  for  the 
last  25  years  has  been  £14,000 ;  the  aggregate  returns  for  the  sama 
period  being  £1,377,769;  and  as  much  as  £5,000  worth  of  pure  native 
silver  having  been  disclosed  at  a  single  blast.  This  Company  has 
already  opened  on  its  property  upwards  of  30  mines  containing  silver, 
wTiich  only  require  the  erection  of  suitable  stamping  and  washing  ma- 
chinery to  render  the  produce  immediately  available,  so  that  an  almost 
immediate  result  may  be  anticipated  on  commencing  the  works. 

It  is  confidently  expected  that  no  call  will  be  required  beyond  the 
10s.  per  share.  If  the  experience  of  the  King's  Mines  is  afuir  criterion, 
its  judicious  expenditure  ought  to  realise  profits  at  the  rate  of  400  per 
cent. 

Detailed  reports  of  J.  H.  Clement,  Esq.  (who  has  been  twenty-seven 
years  at  the  silver  mines  in  Mexico  and  Spain),  and  Mr.  Fries,  at  the 
present  time  superintendent  of  one  of  the  Government  mines  at  Thons- 
berg,  as  well  as  extracts  from  the  reports  of  the  directors  of  the  Govern- 
ment mines,  with  a  number  of  official  documents  and  plans,  have  been 
embodied  in  a  pamphlet,  which  may  be  had  at  the  offices. 

Application  for  Snares  may  be  made  in  the  usual  form  to  the  Broker 
or  Secretary,  at  the  offices  of  the  Company,  of  whom  prospectuses  may 
be  had. 

A  CHROMATIC      MICROSCOPES.  —  SMITH, 

Jti.  BECK  &  BECK,  MANUFACTURING  OPTICIANS,  6.  Cole- 
man  Street,  London,  E.C.  have  received  the  COUNCIL  MEDAL  of 
the  GREAT  EXHIBITION  of  1851,  and  the  FIRST-CLASS  PRIZE 
MEDAL  of  the  PARIS  EXHIBITJONof  1855,  "For  the  excellence 
of  their  Microscopes." 

An  Illustrated  Pamphlet  of  the  10Z.  EDUCATIONAL  MICRO- 
SCOPE, sent  by  Post  on  receipt  of  Six  Postage  Stamps. 

A  GENERAL  CATALOGUE  may  be  had  on  application. 

TTANDSOME  BRASS  and  IRON  BEDSTEADS. 

HEAL  &  SON'S  Show  Rooms  contain  a  large  Assortment  of  Brass 
Bedsteads,  suitable  both  for  Home  Use  and  lor  Tropical  Climates; 
handsome  Iron  Bedsteads  with  Brass  Mountings  and  elegantly  Japan- 


I 


nitures  complete,  as  well  as  every  description  of  Bedroom  Furniture. 

EAL    &    SON'S    ILLUSTRATED    CATA- 
LOGUE, containing  Designs  and  Prices  of  100  BEDSTEADS,  as 
as  of  150  different  ARTICLES  of  BED-ROOM  FURNITURE, 
SENT  FREE  BY  POST. 

HEAL  &  SON,  Bedstead,  Bedding,  and  Bed-room  Furniture 
Manufacturers,  196.  Tottenham-court  Road,  W. 

REDUCTION  OF  DUTY. 

TTEDGES  &  BUTLER,  having  reduced  the  prices 

J.L  of  their  WINES  in  accordance  f  with  the  new  Tariff,  are  now 
selling  capital  dinner  Sherry,  21s.,  30s.,  and  36s.  per  dozen  ;  high  class 

pale,  golden,  and  brown  Sherry,  42s.,  48s.,  and  54s Good  Port,  30*-.  and 

36s — Fine  old  Port,  42s.,  48s.,  54s.  60s — Pure  St.-Julien  Claret,  24s.  and 
30s.— Very  superior  ditto,  3fe._ La  Rose,  36s.,  42s — Finest  growth 
Clarets,  60s.  72s.  84s._Chablis,  36s.,  48s._Red  and  White  Burgundy, 
36s.,  48s.  to  84s — Champagne,  42,s.  54s.,  60s.,  72s._Hock  and  Moselle, 
3fis.,  48s.,  60s.  to  120s.-East  India  Madeira,  Imperial  Tokay,  Vermuth, 
Ironttgnac,  Constantia,  and  every  other  description  of  Wine  — Fine 

old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  dozen Schiedam  Hollands, 

Marischino,  Curasao,  Cherry  Brandy,  &c.  On  receipt  of  a  Post-office 
order  or  reference,  any  quantity,  with  a  Price-list  of  all  other  wines, 
will  be  forwarded  immediately  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

WINE  MERCHANTS,  &c. 
155,  REGENT  STREET,  LONDON,  W. 

and  30.  King's  road,  Brighton. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 


S.  IX.  MAR.  17.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[ESTABLISHED  1841.] 
'EDICAL,   INVALID,   AND   GENERAL  LIFE 

OFFICE,  25.  Pall  Mall,  London.  —  Empowered  by  special  Act  of 
Parliament. 

At  the  EIGHTEENTH  ANNUAL  MEETING,  held  on  the 
24th  November,  1859,  it  was  shown  that  on  the  30th  June 
last,  — 

The  Number  of  Policies  in  force  was      -       -       -    6,110 

The  Amount  Insured  was          -       -    2,601,925?.  10*.  8d. 

The  Annual  Income  was       -       -       -    121,203?.    7s.  Id. 

The  new  business  transacted  during  the  last  5  years 
amounts  to  2,482,798*.  16s.  lid.,  showing  an  average  yearly 
amount  of  new  business  of  nearly 

HALF  A.  XKXX.X.XOXT   STERLING. 

The  Society  has  paid  for  claims  by  death,  since  its  esta- 
blishment in  1841,  no  less  a  sum  than  503,619?. 

HEALTH  Y  LIVES.  _  Assurances  are  effected  at  home  or  abroad  at 
as  moderate  rates  as  the  most  recent  data  will  allow. 

INDIA.  -Officers  in  the  Army  and  civilians  proceeding  to  India, 
may  insure  their  lives  on  the  most  favourable  terms  and  every  possible 
facility  is  afforded  for  the  transaction  of  business  in  India. 

NAVAL  MEN  AND  MASTER  MARINERS  are  assured  at  equita- 
ble rates  for  life,  or  for  a  voyage. 

VOLUNTEERS.  —  No  extra  charge  for  persons  serving  in  any  Vo- 
lunteer or  Rifle  Corps  within  the  United  Kingdom. 

RESIDENCE  ABROAD  __  Greater  facilities  given  for  residence  in  the 
Colonies,  &c.,  than  by  most  other  Companies. 

INVALID  LIVES  assured  on  scientifically  constructed  tables  based 
on  extensive  data,  and  a  reduction  in  the  premium  is  made  when  the 
causes  for  an  increased  rate  of  premium  have  ceased. 

STAMP  DUTY.  —Policies  issued  free  of  every  charge  but  the  pre- 
miums. 

Every  information  may  be  obtained  at  the  chief  office,  or  on  applica- 
tion to  any  of  the  Society's  agents. 

C.  DOUGLAS  SINGER,  Secretary. 

T>  E  N  S  O  N  '  S        AVATCHES.  — 

"  Perfection  of  mechanism."  —  Morning  Post. 

Gold,  4  to  100  guineas  :  Silver,  2  to  50  guineas.  Send  2  Stamps  for 
Benson's  Illustrated  "Watch  Pamphlet.  Watches  sent  to  all  parts  of 
the  World  Free  per  Post. 

33.  and  34.  LUDGATE  HILL,  London,  B.C. 


PATEZTT    STARCH, 
USED  IN  THE  ROYAL  LAUNDRY, 

AND  PRONOUNCED  BY  HER  MAJESTY'S  LAUNDRESS,  TO  BE 
THE  FINEST  STARCH  SHE  EVER  USED. 

Sold  by  all  Chandlers,  Grocers,  &c.  &c. 
WOTHERSPOON  &  CO.,  GLASGOW  &  LONPON. 


PIESSE  &  LUBINS'S  HUNGARY  WATER. 
This  Scent  stimulates  the  Memory  and  invigorates  the 

Brain. 

2*.  bottle  ;  10s.  Case  of  Six. 

PERFUMERY  FACTORY, 

2.  NEW  BOND  STREET,  W. 

BROWN   &   POLSON'S 
PATENT    CORN     FLOUR, 

Preferred  to  the  best  Arrowroot. 

.  COSTARDS,  BLANCMANGE,  CAKE, &c., 
and  especially  suited  to  the  delicacy  of 
CHILDREN  AND  INVALIDS. 

Kill    TO   ANYTHING   OP   TUB   KIND    KNOWN." — "LanCHt. 

'  where  inferior  articles  are  not  substituted, 

hcmists,  Confectioners,  and  Corn  Dealers. 
V,  DUBLIN,  MANCHESTER,  and  LONDON. 

TI!  >ISCO  VERY.  — For  the  Restoration 

•I'  the  Hair.      Mr.  Langdale  guarantees   his 

.  I  HARIDES  most  successful  as  » .  Restora- 

nes«,  strengthening  Weak  Hair,  unU  pre- 

•1    in   the  growth  of  Whiskers. 

mediately  returned,  if  not  eflectual. 

1    !l">nitory,72.  Hattun  Garden;  E.C. 

I'HERRY    AND   CHEKKY   TOOTH 

•us  preparation  eyer.produced  for  the  Teeth, 

i  ree  from  the  Laboratory,  72.  Hattoii  Gar- 


UNITED   KINGDOM 

LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  LONDON, 

S.W. 

The  Hon.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  Esq.,  Deputy  Chairman. 

FOURTH  DIVISION  OF  PROFITS. 

SPECIAL  NOTICE.-Parties  desirous  of  participating  in  the  fourth 
division  of  profits  to  be  declared  on  all  policies  effected  prior  to  the  31st 
December  next  year,  should,  in  order  to  enjoy  the  same,  make  imme- 
diate application.  There  have  already  been  three  divisions  of  profits, 
and  the  bonuses  divided  have  averaged  nearly  2  per  cent,  per  annum  on 
the  sums  assured,  or  from  30  to  100  per  cent,  on  the  premiums  pnid, 
without  imparting  to  the  recipients  the  risk  of  copartnership,  as  is  the 
case  in  mutual  societies. 

To  show  more  clearly  what  these  bonuses  amount  to,  three  following 
cases  are  put  forth  as  examples  : 

Sum  Insured.        Bonuses  added.        Amount  payable  up  to  Dec.,  1861. 
£5,000  £1,937  10*.  £6,987  10s. 

1,000  397  10,9.  1,397  10s. 

100  39  15s.  139  15s. 

Notwithstanding  these  large  additions,  the  premiums  are  on  the 
lowest  scale  compatible  with  security  for  the  payment  of  the  policy  when 
death  arises;  in  addition  to  which  advantages,  one  half  of  the  premiums 
may,  if  desired,  for  the  term  of  five  years,  remain  unpaid  at  5  per  cent, 
interest,  the  other  half  being  advanced  by  the  company  without  security 
or  deposit  of  the  policy. 

The  Assets  of  the  Company  at  the  31st  December,  1858,  exclusive  of 
the  large  subscribed  Capital,  amounted  to  £652,618  3*.  I0d.,  all  of  which 
lias  been  invested  in  Government  and  other  approved  securities. 

No  charge  for  Volunteer  Military  Corps  whilst  serving  in  the  United 
Kingdom. 

Policy  Stamps  paid  by  the  Office. 

Immediate  application  should  be  made  to  the  Resident  Director,  8. 
Waterloo  Place,  Pall  MaU.-By  order, 

P.  MACINTYRE,  Secretary. 


WESTERN    LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 
ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON, S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1843. 


Directors. 


E.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Marson.Esa. 
A.  Robinson,  Esq. 
J.L.Seager,  Esq. 
J.B. White, Esq. 


H.  E.  Bicknell.Esq. 

T.  S.  Cocks,  Esq. 

G.  H.Drew, Esq. M.A. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

F.  Fuller, Esq. 

J.  Il.Qoodhart.Esq. 

Physician .  —  W.  R.  Basham ,  M.D . 

Hankers.  —  Messrs.  Cocks,  Biddulph.andCo. 

Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.  A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  this  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  paying  a  Premium,  as  permission  is  given  upon 
application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  the  con- 
ditions detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

LOANS  from  100Z.  to  500Z.  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 
Security. 

Attention  is  also  invited  to  the  rates  of  annuity  granted  to  oldlives, 
for  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 
Example :  100?.  cash  paid  downpurchases_An  annuity  of — 
£  s.  d. 
10   4    o  to  a  male  life  aged  60) 

65  (Payable  as  long 


12  3  I 
14  16  3 
18  11  10 


70  f 
75J 


as  he  is  alive. 


Now  ready,  10th  Edition,  price  7s.  Gd.,  of 

MR.     SCRATCHLEY'S     MANUAL,     on 

FRIENDLY  SOCIETIES,  with  RULES,  TABLES,  and  an  EXPO- 
SITION of  the  TRUE  LAW  OF  SICKNESS. 

SHAW  &  SONS,  Fetter  Lane  ;  and  LAYTONS,  150.  Fleet  Street,  E.C. 
DEN-MATT, 

TNTRODUCER    OF  THE   SOUTH    AFRICAN 

JL    PORT,  SHERRY,  &c.,  20s.  per  dozen.  BOTTLES  INCLUDED, 

an  advantage  greatly  appreciated  by  the  Public  and  a  constantly  in- 
creasing connexion,  saving  the  great  annoyance  of  returning  them. 

A  PINT  SAMPLE  OF  BOTH  FOB.  24  STAMPS. 

WINE  IN  CASK  forwarded  Free  to  any  Railway  Station  in  England. 
EXCELSIOR  BRANDY,  Pale  or  Brown,  15s.  per  gallon,  or  30s.  per 

dozen. 

TERMS,  CASH.    Country  Orders  must  contain  a  remittance.     Cross 
cheques  "  Bank  of  London."    Price  Lists  forwarded  on  application. 
JAMEb  L.  DENMAN,  05.  Fenchurch  Street.corner  of  Railway  Place, 
London,  E.C. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  IX.  MAR.  17.  '60. 


MESSRS.  BLACKWOOD  *  SONS' 
NEW     PUBLICATIONS. 


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FOB 

LITERARY   MEN,   ARTISTS,   ANTIQUARIES,   GENEALOGISTS,   ETC. 

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No.  221.] 


SATURDAY,  MARCH  24.  1860. 


("Price  Fourpence. 

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^^^^J^SS^&Sf,  ^Henrietta  Street, 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  IX.  MAR.  24.  '60 


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- 


FAY. 


LONDON  :    BELL  &  DALDY,  186.  FLEET  STREET. 


2"*  s.  IX.  MAR.  24.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


211 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  MARCH  24.  18CO. 


N<>.  221.— CONTENTS. 

NOTES  :-The  Shakspeare  Controversy,  211— The  Ensisheim 
Meteorite  of  1492,  214  —Ballad  on  the  Irish  Bar,  1730,  216  — 
Interest  on  Money,  Ib.  -  Ply-leaf  Inscriptions,  217 -The 
Old  American  Psalm  Book,  218 -Godwin's  Caleb  Williams 
annotated  by  Anna  Seward,  219. 

MINOR  NOTES  •  —  The  Goodwin  Sands  —  Alliterative  Poetry 
-Bonaparte's  Marriage -S.  Matthias'  Day-  Jackass  - 
Mottoes  used  by  Kegiments,  220. 

QUERIES-  — Sir  Bernard  De  Gomme,  221  —  Punning  and 
Pocket-picking -Saint  E-than  or  Y-than- Early  Com- 
munion in  Ripon  Cathedral -Lambeth  Degrees -Dur- 
ance Vile  — Trees  cut  in  the  Wane  of  the  Moon  — Dr. 
Robert  Clavton  —  Noble  Orthography  —  John  de  la  Court 

—  Finch— Devotional  Poems  —  Bullokar's   "Bref  Gram- 
mar "— Johanne  de  Colet  —  Steel  —  Throwing  Snowballs  — 
"  Historia  Plantarmn,"  222. 

QUERIES  WITH   ANSWERS:  —  "  Promus  and  Condus"  — 
Mary  Channing  — Jamieson's  Scottish  Dictionary— British 
Scythed  Chariots  — "To   Knock  under"  — John  Nevill,  | 
Marquis  of  Montagu  — His  Majesty's  Servants,  224. 

REPLIES :— Donnybrook,  near  Dublin,  226  — Nicholas  Up- 
ton 227  — The  Sinews  of  War, 228  —  Bunyan's  "Pilgrim's 
Progress"— East  Anglican  Pronunciation  —  Symbol  of 
the  Sow  — Lord  Eldon  a  Swordsman  —  "  The  Tarantula' 

—  "My   Eye  and  Betty  Martin "  —  "  Thinks  I  to  My- 
self" —  French  Church  in  London  —  Scottish  Ballad  Con- 
troversy—Rev. John  Genest  — Man  Laden  with  Mischief 

—  Donnellan  Lectures  —  The   Society  of  Dilettanti  — 
The  Label  in  Heraldry— Fye  Bridge,  Norwich  —  Malsh  — 
Donkey—  Computus,  &c.  —  Clergy  Peers  and  Commoners 
Clerical  M.P.'s  —  Ferdinand  Smyth  Stuart,  &c.,  229. 

Notes  on  Books,  Ac. 


THE  SHAKSPEARE  CONTROVERSY. 


The  publication  of  Mr.  Collier's  Reply  to  the 
accusations  of  Mr.  Hamilton  (Bell  and  Daldy, 
8vo.  1860),  enables  us  to  make  a  few  remarks  on 
this  most  painful  subject,  —  peculiarly  painful  to 
us  on  account  of  our  long  friendship  with  both  the 
principal  parties  to  the  dispute.  For  something 
like  a  quarter  of  a  century  we  have  enjoyed  the 
friendship  of  Mr.  Collier,  and  for  nearly  the  same 
period  have  numbered  among  those  whom  we 
have  respected  and  esteemed,  the  distinguished 
head  of  the  Manuscript  Department  of  the  British 
Museum,  Sir  Frederic  Madden.  We  have  ab- 
stained from  entering  at  all  into  the  controversy 
until  both  parties  had  been  heard.  That  having 
now  been  the  case  we  shall  say  a  few  words,  prin- 
cipally by  way  of  encouraging  persons  who  are 
interested  in  the  subject  to  read  for  themselves 
Mr.  Collier's  Reply.  They  will  find  it  written  (for 
the  most  part)*  with  a  calmness  which,  consider- 
ing the  nature  of  the  charges,  is  very  remarkable, 
and  with  an  air  so  unaffected,  so  simple,  and  so 

*  We  regret,  as  all  must,  the  occasional  touches  of 
anger  in  Mr.  Collier's  Reply;  but  an  excuse  may  be 
found  in  what  he  feelingly  describes  as  "  the  suffering 
and  irritation  that,  even  in  his  innocence  from  all  just 
imputation,  he  has  been  compelled  for  many  months  to 
endure." 


truthful,  that  we  hold  it  to  be  impossible  for  any 
one  to  peruse  it  with  unbiassed  mind,  and  not  to 
conclude  that  it  is  a  genuine  honest  explanation, 
which  may  be  implicitly  relied  upon.  Every 
word  of  it  should  be  weighed  with  candour.  Thus 
considered  it  will  be  found  to  be  a  conclusive  vin- 
dication of  the  writer's  bondjftdes. 

It  establishes  most  satisfactorily  what  of  course 
we  have  never  doubted,  but  what  others  have 
sought  to  impugn,  the  truthfulness  of  Mr.  Collier's 
statement  as  to  his  purchase  of  the  Perkins  Folio. 
No  one,  we  presume,  will  suppose  that  Rodd  had 
at  the  same  time  two  Folio  Shakspeares,  each 
having  "  an  abundance  of  notes  on  the  margin,"  and 
each  being  priced  by  him  at  "thirty  shillings." 
The  identity,  therefore,  of  the  copy  seen  by  Dr. 
Wellesley  and  that  purchased  by  Mr.  Collier,  and 
now  the  subject  of  controversy,  is  beyond  doubt. 
The  contradiction  between  Mr.  Parry  and  Mr. 
Collier,  on  which  so  much  stress  has  been  laid, 
has  been  satisfactorily  disposed  of.  Lord  El- 
lesmere's  Letter  again  disposes  of  the  charge 
against  the  Bridgewater  Folio  ;  and  if  some  peo- 
ple may  think  that  Mr.  Collier  might  have  done 
more  to  clear  up  tlje  doubt  which  has  been 
thrown  around  the  Dulwich  Letter,  the  state- 
ment now  published  shows  clearly  that  Mr,  Col- 
lier took  measures  to  preserve  the  Letter  for  future 
inquirers,  —  a  circumstance  overlooked  by  Mr. 
Hamilton,  and  utterly  at  variance  with  the  con- 
duct of  one  who  had  falsified  any  part  of  his  tran- 
script. It  has  been  asserted  that  the  endorsing  it 
as  an  "  Important  Document "  was  had  recourse 
to  in  order  to  deter  others  from  examining  it. 
Mr.  Collier  must  have  been  strangely  ignorant  of 
human  nature  generally,  and  of  the  nature  of  an- 
tiquaries in  particular,  if  he  thought  to  deter 
them  from  looking  at  a  paper  by  enclosing  it  in  a 
wrapper  which  declared  it  to  be  an  "  IMPORTANT 
DOCUMENT,  not  to  be  handled  until  bound  and 
repaired,  the  lower  part  being  rotten,"  There  is 
nothing  in  the  injunction  indeed  beyond  a  proper 
warning  that  if  looked  at  it  must  be  carefully 
treated.  We  might  indeed  ask,  if  the  passage 
respecting  Shakspeare  did  not  exist  in  the  Letter, 
what  else  there  is  to  be  found  in  it  which  justifies 
the  epithet  "IMPORTANT  DOCUMENT?  "  With  re- 
spect to  the  Players'  Petition,  it  is  clear  from  Mr. 
Lemon's  Letter,  that  in  all  probability  it  is  genuine ; 
but,  be  it  genuine  or  be  it  a  fabrication,  it  e^- 
isted  in  the  State  Paper  Office  before  Mr.  Collier 
entered  the  building.  And  here  we  must,  in  the 
spirit  of  fair  play,  despite  our  high  respect  for  the 
Master  of  the  Rolls,  and  for  his  valuable  services 
to  the  cause  of  historical  literature,  enter  a  protest 
against  the  course  adopted  by  him  with  reference 
to  this  document.  When  he  empanelled  a  jury  to 
sit  upon  it,  and  placed  upon  that  jury  Sir  F. 
Madden  and  Mr.  Hamilton,  and  excluded  from  it 
both  the  gentlemen  in  whose  custody  that  paper 


212 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAR.  24.  '60. 


had  been,  and  who  might  have  been  supposed  to 
know  its  history,  if  any  people  did,  he  was  guilty 
of  an  error  in  judgment,  which  resulted  in  an  in- 
sult to  those  gentlemen  and  a  grievous  injustice  to 
Mr.  Collier. 

In  the  estimation  of  some  people  the  pending 
controversy  regards  rather  the  Shakspearian  docu- 
ments than  the  Perkins  Folio.  Mr.  Hamilton 
considers  "  that  the  importance  of  these  docu- 
ments is  even  greater  than  that  of  the  correc- 
tions." We  do  not  agree  with  Mr.  Hamilton. 
We  regard  the  poet's  writings  as  more  important 
than  his  Life.  In  spite  of  all  that  has  been  written 
upon  the  subject,  our  faith  in  the  genuineness  of 
the  OLD  CORRECTOR'S  work  is  still  unshaken.  An 
examination  of  the  Perkins  Folio  after  the  publica- 
tion of  Mr.  Hamilton's  letters  to  The  Times  con- 
firmed that  faith  ;  and  we  hold  it  of  the  highest 
importance  to  English  literature  that  the  real  cha- 
racter of  the  Old  Corrector  should  be  established; 
for  we  believe  that  neither  Mr.  Collier  nor  his  op- 
ponents have  done  entire  justice  to  the  Perkins 
Folio :  we  are  for  a  Commission  to  inquire  into 
that  extraordinary  volume. 

We  went  to  the  examination  of  the  Perkins 
Folio  with  our  minds  prepared  to  take  an  entirely 
calm  and  unbiassed  view  of  the  matter.  We  had 
fairly  considered  and  weighed  Mr.  Hamilton's 
letters  to  The  Times :  we  then  knew,  as  all  the 
world  know  now,  that  the  test  word  "  cheer," 
over  which  there  had  been  such  a  prodigious 
cackling,  was  no  test  word  at  all ;  and  that,  al- 
though a  learned  gentleman  fancied  that  he  had 
proved  that  "  cheer,  as  an  audible  expression  of 
admirative  applause,  could  not  have  been  used 
before  1807,"  it  did  exist,  and  had' existed  suf- 
ficiently long  to  prove  the  curious  ignorance  of 
those  who  supposed  it  only  to  date  from  the  pre- 
sent century. 

We  went  to  the  examination,  also,  with  a  full 
sense  of  how  little  the  mere  evidence  of  hand- 
writing is  to  be  depended  upon.  Take  a  well- 
known  instance  :  there  have  been  some  five-and- 
twenty  claimants  put  forward  for  the  authorship 
of  The  Letters  of  Junius.  Has  not  in  every  in- 
stance one  of  the  strongest  arguments  in  favour  of 
each  of  the  five-and-twenty  been  the  unmistakable 
identity  of  his  handwriting  and  that  of  Junius  ? 
and  we  remember,  moreover,  as  our  readers  may, 
the  painfully  contradictory  evidence  as  to  hand- 
writing given  within  the  last  few  years  on  a  late 
celebrated  trial  for  slander.  While  with  respect 
to  Mr.  Maskelyne's  "  physical  scrutiny  of  the  do- 
cument "  (and  we  desire  to  speak  with  every  re- 
spect of  that  gentleman)  we  could  not  but  feel 
that  there  was  little  or  nothing  in  it ;  for,  as  he 
candidly  admitted,  "  evidence  of  this  kind  cannot 
by  itself  establish  a  forgery."  He  proved  what 
we  believe  to  be  perfectly  consistent  with  the 
genuineness  of  the  MS.  notes,  the  existence  of 


pencilling  below  the  ink  writing  :  while  the  value 
of  any  opinion  formed  by  him  on  scientific  grounds 
was  materially  affected  by  the  absence  of  proof 
of  his  ever  having  made  similar  experiments  to 
those  by  which  he  tested  the  Old  Corrector  upon 
documents  of  unquestioned  authenticity,  —  to  say 
nothing  of  a  certain  feeling  that  Mr.  Maskelyne's 
evidence  on  the  subject  of  the  ink  (and  of  the  ink 
of  that  period  comparatively  little  is  known)  went 
to  show  that  what  the  Old  Corrector  had  used  was 
really  ink  after  all — although  ink  which  had  un- 
dergone all  the  chemical  changes  which  must,  result 
from  exposure  for  a  couple  of  centuries  to  light, 
heat,  damp,  and  the  ill-usage  of  various  kinds  to 
which  this  book  has  been  subjected. 

The  two  great  objections  urged  by  Mr.  Hamil- 
ton to  the  authenticity  of  the  Old  Corrector  were 
the  "  pencil  marks  written  in  a  bold  modern  hand 
of  the  present  century,"  and  the  "  pencil  spelling 
being  modern,  while  the  ink  is  old."  Mr.  Collier 
seems  to  doubt  the  existence  of  these  numerous 
pencil  marks.  We  cannot  doubt  that  they  do 
exist :  but  they  are  of  two  kinds.  There  are 
some  few  perhaps  modern  comments,  of  which 
we  shall  say  a  word  presently  ;  and  there  are  said 
to  be  "  an  infinite  number  of  faint  pencil  marks 
and  corrections,"  in  obedience  to  which,  according 
to  Mr.  Hamilton,  "  the  Old  Corrector  has  made 
his  emendations."  With  all  respect  to  Mr.  Hamil- 
ton, that  is  just  begging  the  question  ;  and  before 
Mr.  Hamilton  can  establish  that  point,  he  has  to 
show  how  it  was  that  when  the  Old  Corrector  had 
to  make  minute  corrections  he  first  made  them  in 
pencil,  while  when  he  had  to  write  WHOLE  LINES 

HE     DID     NOT     REQUIRE     THAT   ASSISTANCE  ?      For 

some  of  the  longer  corrections  are,  we  think,  en- 
tirely beyond  suspicion. 

But  it  is  a  charge  against  Mr.  Collier  that  he 
did  not  discover  these  pencil  marks.  There  is 
nothing  extraordinary  in  that  circumstance.  Not 
only  did  Mr.  Collier  not  discover  them,  but  Mr. 
Netherclift,  when  making  the  numerous  facsimiles, 
did  not  discover  them ;  they  were  not  seen  by  anj 
of  the  sharp  eyes  to  whose  inspection  Mr.  Collu 
submitted  the  volume.  Nay  more,  Sir  Fre< 
Madden  had  the  book  in  his  possession  for, 
believe,  about  a  week,  subjecting  it  during  all 
that  time  to  the  closest  scrutiny  —  and  Sir  F. 
Madden  DID  NOT  DISCOVER  THEM.  They  were 
first  found  out  by  Mr.  Hamilton  when  intently 
poring  over  the  volume  in  order,  we  believe,  to 
make  a  complete  transcript  of  all  the  corrections 
in  Hamlet. 

*'  But,"  says  Mr.  Hamilton,  "  these  pencil  notes 
are  in  a  modern  hand  of  the  present  century." 
Some  are  thought  to  be  so  certainly,  although 
opinion  is  divided  upon  that  point.  Mr.  Hamilton 
gives  an  instance.  By  the  side  of  the  lines  — 

"  And  crooke  the  pregnant  Hinges  of  the  Knee,"— 
there  is  the  word  «*  begging,"  asserted  to  be  clearly 


.  IX.  MAR.  24.  'GO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


213 


in  a  modern  hand  ;  but  whether  it  is  in  a  modern 
hand  or  not,  it  is  clearly — not  what  Mr.  Hamil- 
ton asserts,  a  pencil  guide  to  the  Old  Corrector 
—  but  a  mere  gloss,  comment,  or  illustration. 
But  Mr.  Hamilton  gives  another  instance.  "At 
times,"  he  says,  "  the  correction  first  put  in  the 
margin  is  obliterated,  and  a  second  emendation 
substituted  in  its  stead,  of  which  we  will  mention 
two  examples  which  occur  in  Cymbeline  (Fol. 
1632,  p.  400.  col.  1.)  : 

"  With  Oakes  unshakeable  and  roaring  Waves," — 

where  Oakes  has  been  first  made  into  Cliffes,  and 
subsequently  into  Roches"  Now  this  is  very  un- 
fairly stated.  The  word  CLIFFES,  which  is  in 
pencil,  is  not  in  a  modern  hand.  It  is  clearly  in  a 
hand  as  old  or  older  than  the  word  ROCKES,  which 
is  in  ink.  There  can  be  no  mistake  about  this : 
for  though  many  of  the  instances  pointed  out  in 
Mr.  Hamilton's  letter  were  so  obscure  that  we 
could  not  see  them,  here  the  words  were  separate 
and  distinct ;  and  the  handwriting  of  CLIFFES 
could  not  be  mistaken  by  anyone  for  a  modern 
hand  of  the  present  century.  Mr.  Hamilton  should 
have  avoided  this  error.  We  think  a  great  deal 
too  much  has  been  said  about  these  pencil  marks. 
They  can  be  readily  explained  without  having  re- 
course to  the  supposition  of  fraud.  Pencil  notes 
written,  as  we  believe  those  of  the  Old  Corrector 
to  have  been,  in  the -middle  of  the  seventeenth 
century,  are  common  enough :  we  have  seen  lately 
a  copy  of  Honker's  Ecclesiastical  Polity  with 
such  notes  ;  and  surely  few  men  who  make  notes 
in  books  have  not  done  as  the  Old  Corrector 
seems  to  have  done  —  first  pencilled,  and  then 
preserved  them  by  putting  them  in  ink ;  or  by 
getting  somebody  else  to  do  so  for  him ;  and  thes'e 
written  notes  may  have  been  inserted  by  some 
subsequent  possessor  of  the  volume,  who  set  pro- 
per store  by  the  pencil  emendations,  and  himself 
added  to  the  number  of  corrections. 

But  the  second  argument  against  the  authen- 
ticity of  the  Old  Corrector  is  insisted  upon  almost 
more  strongly  than  the  first,  namely,  "  that  where 
words  are  written  in  pencil,  the  pencil  spelling  is 
modern,  while  that  of  the  ink  is  old,"  — and  the 
words  "body"  and  "offal"  were  given  as  in- 
stances. From  every  mouth  one  heard  this  argu- 
ment—"the  spelling  of  the  words  in  pencil  is 
always  modern,  but  in  ink  the  spelling  is  old,"  and 
in  every  instance  almost  this  word  "body  "fur- 
nished the  evidence.  Now  what  are  the  facts  ? 
»Vhen  we  examined  the  Folio —  when  we  looked 
'for  this  word  body"  in  "the  bold  hand  of  the 
present  century,"— we  assure  our  readers  WE 
COULD  NOT  SEE  IT.  We  do  not  say  that  the  tail 

the  "y"  is  not  there  ;  but  we  repeat,  although 

e  tried  in  various  lights,  and  with  the  assistance 

if  a  powerful  magnifier,  we  could  not  see  it.    But 

we  saw,  and  we  think  Mr.  Hamilton  was  bound 


to  have  stated  it,  that  in  the  text  of  the  Folio 
"body"  was  frequently,  if  not  invariably,  spelt 
with  a  "y."  But,  says  Mr.  Hamilton,  "bodie" 
was  written  instead  of  body  to  give  the  requisite 
appearance  of  antiquity.  We  deny  that  this  is 
true,  and  one  fact  is  worth  fifty  assertions.  We 
have  seen  lately  in  a  public  department  the 
rough  draft  of  a  document  of  the  middle  of  the 
seventeenth  century,  in  which  occurs  the  word 
"  sorry"  spelt,  be  it  remarked,  with  the  "  y." 
A  fair  copy  of  that  very  document  exists  in  the 
same  department,  made  at  or  about  the  same  time, 
and  there  we  find  the  selfsame  word  spelt  not 
with  the  "y,"  but  with  the  "ee," — not  "sorry"  but 
"  sorrie"  But  this  is  not  all.  In  this  very  Perkins 
Folio  we  have,  in  the  handwriting  of  the  Old  Correc- 
tor himself,  body  with  the  "y"  so  plain  that  no  one 
could  have  overlooked  it.  This  in  common  fair- 
ness ought  to  have  been  stated.  Mr.  Hamilton's 
position  puts  him  above  the  suspicion  of  the  wil* 
ful  suppression  of  the  truth ;  but  the  omission  to 
notice  this  important  fact  is,  to  say  the  least,  very 
unfortunate*,  and  affords  an  instance  of  the  way 
in  which  Mr.  Hamilton's  partisanship  has  led  him 
to  strain  and  catch  at  anything  which  could  be 
tortured  into  a  circumstance  of  suspicion  against 
Mr.  Collier.  "  When  I  am  particularly  dull,"  re- 
marked the  Spectator,  "  be  sure  there  is  some 
meaning  under  it."  When  Mr.  Collier  falls  into  any 
trifling  mistake  (which  even  Mr.  Hamilton's  ex- 
perience might  have  taught  him  is  not  so  very  un- 
common a  thing  for  any  man  to  do),  or  when  his 
meaning  or  conduct  is  not  altogether  understood 
by  the  gentlemen  who  have  assailed  him  (often  by 
their  own  fault),  some  fraudulent  design  is  in- 
stantly suspected  and  supposed  to  be  concealed 
under  it. 

The  result  of  our  examination  of  the  Perkins 
Folio  was,  as  we  have  said,  the  confirmation  of  our 
faith  in  the  Old  Corrector,  and  a  conviction  that, 
up  to  the  present  time,  justice  has  not  been  done 
to  him.  We  have  hitherto  spoken  of  him  as  the 
Old  Corrector;  we  are,  however,  inclined  to  believe 
that  the  Perkins  Folio  is  the  work  of  two  hands  at 
least.  Good  will  come  out  of  evil,  if  one  of  the 
results  of  the  present  unhappy  controversy  be  a 
thorough  critical  examination  of  the  genuineness 
of  this  remarkable  book. 

The  high  character  of  some  of  the  emendations 
has  been  admitted  by  great  Shakspearian  authori- 
ties. Where  did  they  come  from  ?  Their  merit 
will  be  admitted  by  men  who  would  as  strongly 
deny  Mr.  Collier's  ability  to  conceive  them,  as  we 
would  his  disposition  to  misrepresent,  their  origin. 
Such  an  investigation  as  we  desire  may  show  that 


*  It  is  equally  unfortunate  that  Mr.  Hamilton,  in  de- 
scribing the  Diilwich  Letter,  should  have  omitted  all 
notice  of  the  envelope  with  its  marked  Caution,  which 
is,  we  are  informed,  in  the  handwriting  of  the  late  Mr. 
Amyot. 


214 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»a  S.  IX.  MAS.  24.  » 


these  happy  suggestions  are  the  work  of  one  hand, 
and  how  important  the  result  would  be  to  Shakspe- 
rian  literature  it  is  needless  to  insist  upon.  Surely 
it  would  not  be  difficult  to  find  a  sufficient  number 
of  scholars  and  critics,  like  the  Dean  of  St.  Paul's, 
who  have  taken  no  part  in  the  present  controversy, 
to  investigate,  dispassionately  and  thoroughly,  the 
value  and  trustworthiness  of  the  MS.  emendations 
in  the  Perkins  Folio. 

Who  can  tell  what  valuable  corrections  of 
Sbakspeare's  text  may  yet  be  lying  unobserved 
among  the  thousands  of  small  corrections  scattered 
through  the  volume.  How  trifling  appears  the 
change  which  turned  the  unmeaning  — 

"  Who  dares  no  more  is  none," 
into  the 

"  Who  dares  do  more  is  none :" — 

a  correction  which,  suggested  by  Howe,  and  made 
in  MS.  by  Southerne,  was  passed  over  by  Mr. 
Collier  in  the  Perkins  Folio  (for  it  is  in  pale  ink), 
until  it  was  pointed  out  to  him  by  a  gentleman  to 
whom  he  was  showing  that  Folio  when  in  the  pos- 
session of  the  Duke  of  Devonshire,  and  on  whose 
authority  we  make  this  statement.  And  how  is 
this  correction  made  in  the  Folio  ?  Why  the  "»" 
is  rounded  into  "0,"  with  a  long  line  on  the  far- 
ther side  of  it  to  convert  it  into  "  d."  And  thus 
simply  is  a  passage  which  was  rank  nonsense, 
changed  into  one  which  is  really  a  household  word. 
May  we  not  then  readily  believe  that  many  other 
such  admirable  results,  effected  by  similar  trifling 
changes,  may  be  obtained  from  a  careful,  thorough, 
and  judicious  examination  of  the  Old  Corrector's 
work? 

While  we  express  on  the  one  hand  our  convic- 
tion that  there  is  not  anything  in  the  appearance 
of  the  Perkins  Folio  to  justify  a  doubt  as  to  its 
genuineness  (for  we  believe  the  authenticity  of 
any  writings  whatever  mi^ht  be  frittered  away  by 
similar  suspicions),  we  insist  that  the  testimony  of 
Dr.  Wellesley,  who  saw  the  "  abundance  of  manu- 
script notes  in  the  margin"  of  the  volume  when  it 
was  about  to  pass  into  Mr.  Collier's  possession, 
entirely  confirms  our  views ;  while  in  the  admis- 
sion of  the  excellence  of  many  of  the  corrections, 
as  acknowledged  by  competent  critics,  we  have 
further  confirmatory  proof  of  the  justness  of  the 
conclusion  at  which  we  have  arrived  as  to  the 
genuineness  of  the  Perkins  Folio. 

The  great  fundamental  error  in  this  business 
lies,  we  think,  at  the  door  of  the  Manuscript 
Department  of  the  British  Museum.  When  Sir 
Frederic  Madden  began  to  find  himself  imbibing 
suspicions  against  the  Perkins  Folio,  —  suspicions 
which  had  he  trusted  entirely  to  his  own  calm  un- 
biassed judgment  we  do  not  believe  he  would  ever 
have  entertained, — he  should  instantly  have  com- 
municated with  Mr.  Collier,  and  have  invited  him  to 
unite  with  him  in  investigation.  He  did  not  do  so. 
He,  and  other  gentlemen  connected  with  his  De- 


partment, carried  on  an  investigation  in  the  re- 
sults of  which  Mr.  Collier  was  deeply  interested 
without  communicating  with  him,  and  hence  it 
has  arisen  that  what  might  have  been  a  literary 
inquiry  has  been  converted  into  a  bitter  and  en- 
venomed personal  dispute,  which,  pursued  as  it 
has  been,  can  never  lead  to  the  discovery  of  truth. 


THE  ENSISHEIM  METEORITE  OF  1492. 

Among  the  remarkable  series  of  meteorites 
exhibited  in  the  Mineralogical  Gallery  of  the 
British  Museum  may  be  seen  a  fragment  of  one, 
described  as  "  a  Meteoric  Stone  which  fell  at 
Ensisheim  in  Alsace,  Nov.  7, 1492,  in  the  presence 
of  tine  Emperor  Maximilian,  then  King  of  the 
Romans,  when  on  the  point  of  engaging  with  the 
French  army."  As  the  fall  of  this  particular 
aerolite  is  not  mentioned  by  Humboldt  in  his 
elaborate  chapter  on  this  subject  in  the  Cosmos, 
I  send  a  Note,  believing  that  the  Ensisheim  stone 
is  the  earliest  of  these  singular  bodies  of  which 
specimens  remain,  and  that  it  possesses,  moreover, 
an  especial  interest  in  the  fact  that  its  preserva- 
tion has  been  due  to  the  Emperor  Maximilian  I., 
who  it  would  seem  was  at  the  head  of  his  army 
near  the  spot  where  the  mass  fell,  and  was  pro- 
bably an  eye-witness  of  the  phenomenon. 

The  fall  of  this  stone  is  very  circumstantially 
detailed  and  authenticated,  in  the  Chronicles  of 
the  period.  Within  a  very  few  months  after  the 
startling  occurrence  took  place,  the  German  ver- 
sion of  the  fasciculus  Temporum  was  published, 
in  the  last  entry  in  which  work  it  is  recorded  as 
follows  :  — 


"  A  marvellously  strange  work  of  nature !  A  stone 
weighing  250  pounds  fell  from  the  air  in  the  afternoon  of 
St.  Florence's  day,  in  the  year  1492,  at  Ensisheim  in  the 
Suntgow,  Upper  Alsace,  in  King  Maximilian's  own  ter- 
ritory— and  the  stone  has  been  preserved  and  hung  up  in 
the  Church  for  public  view.  An  unheard-of  operation  of 
nature !  " 

The  Nuremberg  Chronicle  of  the  following  year 
(1493)  confirms  the  event,  and  adds  that  the  stone 
was  in  the  shape  of  a  delta  or  triangle.  The 
author  has  here  called  in  the  aid  of  the  artist,  as 
a  woodcut  accompanies  the  statement. 

Sebastian  Brant,  the  celebrated  author  of  the 
Ship  of  Fools,  who  was  at  this  time  professor  at 
the  High  School  of  Basle,  not  far  distant  from  the 
spot,  commemorated  its  fall  in  two  poems,  one 
being  addressed  to  Maximilian,  in  which  he  por- 
tends disasters  and  misfortunes  to  the  Holy 
Roman  Empire,  and  among  others  the  death  of 
the  then  reigning  Emperor  Frederick  III.,  which 
event  happened  in  August,  1493.  (Brant's  Car- 
mina,  4to.  Basil.  1498.)  Its  original  appearance 
is  thus  described  :  — 

"  Cui  species  deltas  est,  aciesque  triangula :  obustus 
Est  color,  et  terra?  forma  metalligerse." 

But  I  come  now  to  the  remarkable  allusion  to 


a  S.  IX.  MAK.  24.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES, 


215 


the  fall  of  the  meteorite  by  the  Emperor  himself. 
In  an  official  document  dated  Augsburg,  12  Nov. 
1503  (Datt's  Volumen  Rerum  Germanicarum,  Ulm 
1698,  p.  214.),  and  addressed  to  the  German 
States,  he  takes  occasion  to  refer  to  it  as  a  proof 
of  the  immediate  interference  of  heaven,  and  art- 
fully employs  it  as  a  special  omen  sent  to  arouse 
the  'Christian  princes  to  a  crusade  against  the 
Turks.  His  language  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  In  primis  Deus  omuipotens  nos,  tanquain  supremum 
Caput  (Jhristianitatis  ante  aliquot  annos  cum  uno  diro  et 
gravi  lapide  indifferenter  duorum  centenariorum :  qui 
cum  magno  attonitu  ex  Coelo  ante  nos,  cum  in  exercitu 
nostro  ad  resistendum  temerariis  Gallorum  conatibus 
fuiinus,  in  patent!  prato  cecidit.  Quern  nos  etiam  in 
Ecclesia  oppidi  nostri  Ensisheim,  apud  quod  cecidit,  ubi 
anteriorem  dominiorum  nostrorum  circumjacentiura  Re- 
gimen nostrum  observari  et  teneri  consuevit,  appendi 
jussimus,  monuit,  et  incitavit,  quod  nos  Christianitatem  & 
peccatis  gravibus  et  inordinationibus  ducere,  et  in  recog- 
nitionem  salutiferae  Vita?  erga  omnipotentem  inducere, 
per  quod  suani  sanctam  fidem  augmentare,  defendere  et 
obtinere  debeamus.  Et  in  prsemissorum  exemplum 
eodem  tempore,  cum  ipse  lapis  (ut  praefertur)  cecidit,  in 
nostro  proposito  contra  coronam  Franciav  fortunam  et 
victoriam  elargitus  est.  Nos  igitur  propterea  ex  Regio 
et  Christiano  animo  devotoque  corde  talem  admonitionem 
revolvimus.  Et  prsemissa  omnibus  Regibus  Christianis, 
et  vobis  Sacri  Romani  Imperil  Principibus  Electoribus 
ac  aliis  Principibus ;  et  Romano  linperio  Subditis  et  ad- 
hserentibus  manifestavimus,  cupientes,  vestro  accurante 
auxilio  contra  fidei  nostrie  inimicos debita reddere obsequia, 
nee  tamen  hactenus  consequi  quicquam  valuimus,"  £c.  &c. 

Happily,  the  affairs  of  the  empire  prevented 
him  from  carrying  this  project  into  execution. 
He  succeeded,  however,  in  extracting  from  our 
King  Henry  VII.  a  subsidy  of  10,OOOZ. 

An  inscription,  in  German,  was  placed  with  the 
stone  in  the  church,  giving  the  particulars  of  this 
"  singular  miracle,"  as  it  is  there  called.  This  is 
printed  in  Gilbert's  Annalen  der  Physik,  xviii. 
280.  It  mentions  that  the  fall  took  place  between 
11  and  12  at  noon,  and  was  accompanied  by  a 
loud  clap  of  thunder,  and  a  noise  which  was  heard 
as  far  as  Lucerne  in  Switzerland,  and  so  pro- 
digious that  people  thought  houses  had  tumbled 
down.  The  stone  buried  itself  in  the  ground  to 
the  depth  of  more  than  3  feet.  It  weighed 
260  Ibs.  Maximilian,  being  at  Ensisheim,  or- 
dered it  to  be  conveyed  to  the  church,  to  be 
there  suspended  by  a  chain,  and  strictly  pro- 
hibited any  piece  to  be  taken  away  ;  himself,  how- 
ever, reserving  one,  and  another  he  sent  to  the 
Archduke  Sigismund  of  Austria. 

Other  Chronicles  of  a  later  date  have  their 
descriptions  tinged  with  more  or  less  of  the 
marvellous;  of  these,  however,  it  is  sufficient  to 
indicate  a  few  only,  with  one  exception,  viz.  the 
book  once  so  popular,  called  The  Shepherds 
Calendar*,  from  whose  pages  we  shall  extract  its 
curious  record  of  the  event :  — 

This  very  curious  and  rare  book  (a  translation  from 
the  French),  printed  by  Pynson,  in  1506,  is  in  the  Gren- 


"  Shepardys  "  (it  says)  "  that  lyes  the  nyghtys  in  the 
feldes  do  se  many  Impressions  in  the  aver  above  the 
erthe,  that  they  that  ly the  in  theyr  beddys  sees  not .... 
Lo  j'ou  people  ye  may  se  that  these  Impressyons  be  very 
marvelous,  and  yet  some  Ignorante  people  wyll  not  be- 
leve  it,  and  wyll  thynke  it  upossybyll ;  but  you  shalle 
vnderstande  that  in  the  yere  of  oure*Lorde  a  thousands 
cccclxxx  and  xii.  the  vii  daye  of  November,  there  fell 
one  tbynge  mooste  marvelous  in  the  shyre  of  ferrat :  it 
happenyd  in  the  dukedome  of  autryche,  by  a  towne 
namyd  Ensychyne,  and  on  the  daye  beforsayd  fell  a  grete 
and  orybyll  thonder  in  the  feldys,  and  there  felle  a  greate 
Thonder  Stone,  the  whiche  dyd  way  cc.xl.  pounde  and 
more,  the  whiche  stone  is  there  present  and  kept  yet  in 
the  sayde  towne  that  all  raaye  see  it  that  wyll  come :  of 
the  whiche  Stone  here  foloweth  the  eppataffe  wreton  un- 
derneath it."  [In  Latin  by  Sebastian  Brant,  as  before 
noticed,  although  not  so  stated  in  the  book.] 

We  find  it  likewise  recorded  in  Wurstisen's 
Baszler  Chronick,  fol.  Basel,  1580;  in  the  Chroni- 
con  Hirsaugiense  of  Trithemius ;  in  the  Appendix 
by  Linturius  to  the  fasciculus  Temporum;  in  the 
Chronicon  Citizense  of  Paulus  Langius,  the  two 
latter  printed  in  Pistorius'  Scriptores  Rerum  Ger- 
manicarum ;  and  in  the  old  German  Chronicle  of 
Strasburg  and  of  Alsace  by  Maternus  Berler, 
printed  for  the  first  time  in  the  Code  Historique 
et  Diplomatique  de  la  Ville  de  Strasbourg,  vol.  L 
4to.  Strasb.  1843.  In  this  are  some  German 
verses  by  Sebastian  Brant  on  the  subject. 

The  subsequent  history  of  the  Ensisheim  me- 
teorite appears  to  be  this :  that  it  remained  sus- 
pended in  the  church  of  that  town  up  to  the  time 
of  the  French  Revolution,  when  it  was  removed 
to  the  Public  Library  at  Colmar ;  and  that  some 
years  afterwards  the  stone — although,  as  might  be 
expected,  sadly  curtailed  of  its  fair  proportions  — 
(about  1 00  pounds)  *,  was  restored  to  Eusisheim, 
where  it  is  again  become  the  chief  curiosity  in  the 
church. 

The  reader  who  wishes  to  follow  up  this  in- 
teresting subject  may  consult  the  work  of  Chladni, 
Ueber  Feuer- Meteor  e  (Vienna,  1819),  who  has 
given  a  list  of  all  recorded  meteorites  from  the 
earliest  period.  From  the  publication  of  this 
work  the  existence  of  a  true  science  of  meteors 
may  be  dated.  Indeed,  before  Chladni's  time,  all 


ville  Library.  At  the  end  are  some  stanzas  by  the 
Printer,  one  of  which  in  reference  to  the  Bible  is  so  in- 
teresting that  we  here  call  attention  to  it. 

"  Remember  clarkes  dayly  dothe  theyr  delygens 
Into  oure  corrupts  speche  maters  to  translate. 
Yet  betwene  Frenche  and  Englysshe  is  grete  deffens. 
There  longage  in  redynge  is  douse  and  dylycate. 
In  theyr  mother  tonge  they  be  so  fortumite. 
They  have  the  Bybyll  and  the  Apocalypys  of  de- 

vynyte, 
With  other  nobyll  bokes  that  in  Englyche  may  no 

be." 

The  edition  of  1604  has  the  last  line  altered  thus : 
"  With  other  noble  bookes  that  now  in  English  be." 

*  Portions,  I  believe,  are  in  the  Mineralogical  Collec- 
tions at  Vienna  and  Paris. 


216 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


S.  IX,  MAR.  24.  '60. 


accounts  of  the  fall  of  these  bodies  were  regarded 
as  absurd  fables.  From  this  book  I  have  derived 
some  of  the  materials  for  the  present  communica- 
tion. 

I  will  now  conclude  this  Xote,  offering  as  an 
apology  for  its  length,  the  inscription  stated  to 
be  now  seen  with  the  meteoric  stone  at  En- 
sisheim :  — 

"  De  hoc  lapide  multi  multa ;  omnes  aliquid,  nemo  satis." 

W.  B.  KYE. 


BALLAD  ON  THE  IRISH  BAR,  1730. 

The  following  highly  characteristic  ballad  will 
doubtless  interest  your  Irish  correspondents,  one 
of  whom,  perhaps,  will  let  us  know  what  were  the 
subsequent  careers  of  the  chief  worthies  alluded 
to.  I  copied  the  stanzas  from  the  original  broad- 
side, the  blanks  of  which  have  been  filled  in  by  a 

contemporary  hand  (C w  in  the  tenth  verse 

ex'cepted).  ft. 

"  A  VIEW  OF  THE  IRISH  BAR. 

To  the  Freemason  tune  "  Come  let  us  prepare,"  Sfc. 
[Dublin :  printed  in  the  year  1729-30.] 

i. 
"  There's  Ml_arla]y  the  neat, ' 

Who,  in  primitive  state, 
Was  never  for  a  drudge  design'd,  Sir; 
Your  French  gibberish  he 
Takes  great  nonsense  to  be, 
And  is  one  of  your  sages  refin'd,  Sir. 

Ii. 
"  There's  J[ocely]n  next  comes, 

Who  in  very  loud  hums, 
Which  makes  him  not  very  concise,«Sir ; 
With  a  finger  and  thumb, 
He  strikes  one  judge  dumb, 
Who  suspends  till  he  asks  his  advice,  Sir. 

in. 
«  There's  P[rimle  S[erjean]t  Grand, 

Who  puts  all  to  a  stand, 
With  his  jostle  and  shove  to  arise,  Sir; 
He  lays  down  the  law, 
With  as  haughty  a  paw, 
As  if  he  were  Judge  of  Assize,  Sir. 

rv. 
"  There's  B[owe]s,  a  great  beau, 

That  here  makes  a  shew, 
And  thinks  all  about  him  are  fools,  Sir ; 
He  winks  and  he  speaks, 
His  brief  and  fee  takes, 
And  quotes  for  it  English  rules,  Sir. 


«  There's  the  rest  of  the  wise 
That  have  no  way  to  rise, 

But  a  short  sleeve  and  seat  within  Table ; 
They  stop  up  the  way, 
Tho'  they've  nothing  to  say, 

And  are  just  like  the  dog  in  the  Fable. 

VI. 

"There's  old  D[ick]  M[alon]e, 
Tho'  in  barrister's  gown, 


Talks  reason  and  law  with  a  grace,  Sir  j 

Yet  without  bar  he  stays, 

Tho'  he's  merit  to  raise, 
But  converts  ne'er  change  their  first  place,  Sir. 

VII. 

"There's  A[nthon]y,  too, 

Without  father  can't  do, 
Tho'  Knight  of  the  Shire  he's  chosen ; 

For  dad  takes  more  pains, 

When  his  family  gains, 
And  Tony  the  pleadings  do  open. 

VIII. 

"  There's  Munster's  great  crack  *, 

Who,  in  faith,  has  a  knack 
To  puzzle  and  perplex  the  matter ; 

He'll  insist  on't  for  law, 

Without  the  least  flaw, 
Tho'  a  good  cause  he  ne'er  made  better. 

IX. 

"There's  D[ayl]y,  say  P[ete]r, 

Who  in  very  good  meeter, 
In  sound  law  and  equity's  clear,  Sir  j 

By  the  Court  he's  not  lov'd, 

And  he  cares  not  a  t — d, 
For  he  kno'ws  it's  their  duty  to  hear,  Sir. 

x. 

"  There's  C— w  and  B[lak]e, 

There's  C[orlan]n  the  Great, 
And  B[our]k,  all  from  the  Irish  line,  Sir; 

Now  Coke  without  doubt, 

Wou'd  have  chose  these  four  out, 
To  count  and  to  levy  a  fine,  Sir. 

XI. 

"  There's  many  more  lads, 

Who,  faith,  if  their  dads 
Did  but  hear  'em  on  Popish  acts  prate,  Sir ; 

Talk  of  Criminal  Papists, 

As  if  they  were  Atheists, 
They  wou'd  say,  they  were  turn-coats  of  State,  Sir. 

XII. 

"  There's  the  rest  of  the  pack, 

With  the  gown  on  their  back, 
From  one  court  to  other  they  wander ; 

One's  biting  his  nails, 

Or  at  the  judge  rails, 
And  swears  he  commits  a  great  blunder. 

XIII. 

"  There's  many  pretenders, 

Who  have  bundles  of  papers, 
A-starting  just  out  of  their  breast,  Sir ; 

But  all  the  year  round, 

There  the  same  may  be  found, 
And  a  brief  without  fee's  a  great  jest,  Sir." 


INTEREST  OF  MONEY. 

There  are  those  who  do  not  know  that  many  in- 
vestments which  seem  to  yield  high  interest  are 
not  paying  interest,  but  interest  +  compensation 
for  risk  of  loss.  In  our  day  the  most  marked  spe- 
cimens are  seen  in  the  rates  at  which  different 
governments  are  able  to  borrow.  If  this  or  that 
government  cannot  borrow  under  six  per  cent. 

*  Calaghan. 


.  IX.  MAR.  24.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


217 


while  Great  Britain  can  borrow  at  three,  both 
loans  being  really  adjusted  in  London,  the  mean- 
inw  is  that  the  government  alluded  to  must  pay 
for  its  superior  chance  of  bankruptcy.  If  fifty 
cases  were  collected  in  which  foreign  govern- 
ments had  to  pay  more  than  Great  Britain  would 
have  done,  and  if  the  losses  by  suspension  or 
bankruptcy  were  calculated,  and  also  the  total 
amount  of  additional  interest  (so  called)  which 
these  governments  have  paid  up  to  the  present 
time,  both  sides  of  the  account  being  carried  by 
compound  interest  up  to  the  present  time,  it 
would  not  surprise  me  if  it  were  found  that,  by 
that  law  of  level  which  seems  to  prevail  in  com- 
mercial matters  nearly  as  much  as  in  hydrostatics, 
there  were  more  nearly  a  balance  between  the 
two  than  most  financiers  would  suppose. 

In  old  times  there  was  a  very  marked  difference 
between  the  interest — if  we  use  the  term — 
paid  by  real  and  personal  securities  ;  a  difference 
certainly  to  be  attributed  to  difference  of  risk.  I 
give  an  instance  or  two,  and  could  have  given 
more  if  I  had  always  made  notes ;  and  I  hope 
your  readers  will  communicate  others. 

It  would  be  difficult  to  say  how  high  was  the 
interest  for  loans  on  personal  security  in  the  16th 
century ;  but  it  seems  pretty  certain  that  it  was 
more  than  10  per  cent.  At  an  earlier  time,  by  a 
reference  which  I  have  mislaid,  the  money-lenders 
were  tempted  to  Oxford  by  a  permission  to  exact 
40  per  cent.,  which  means  that  the  much  abused 
Jews  would  rather  not  lend  to  a  gownsman  for 
less.  But  in  the  sixteenth  century  landed  secu- 
rity paid  little  more  than  3  per  cent.  My  old 
friend  Mr.  Thomas  Falconer,  Judge  of  the  Mon- 
mouthshire County  Court,  has  recently  sent  me  a 
pamphlet  on  the  charity  founded  by  James  Howell, 
by  his  will  dated  1540.  This  testator  leaves 
12,000  ducats  to  purchase  400  ducats  of  rent  for 
evermore.  What  more  it  may  buy  to  be  used  as 
directed :  but  he  evidently  does  not  count  on 
anything  worth  speaking  of.  That  is,  he  holds 
land  to  be  likely  to  fetch  thirty  years'  purchase, 
or  to  give  3$  per  cent,  for  money  laid  out. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  next  century  the  dif- 
ference is  still  very  marked,  though  not  so  great. 
In  the  tables  of  compound  interest  published  by 
Richard  Witt  in  1613  (see  my  Arithmetical  Books), 
though  the  rates  of  9,  8,  7,  per  cent,  are  given  in 
one  table  apiece,  the  rates  for  which  various 
tables  are  given,  and  for  which  half-yearly  and 
quarterly  payments  are  distinguished  from  yearly 
payments,  are  10,  6£,  and  5  per  cent.  The  first 
rate  is  for  ordinary  borrowing  transactions ;  the 
second  and  third  are  described  as  for  r.ents.  Thus 
it  appears  that  while  money  was  at  10  per  cent., 
land  was  valued  at  as  much  as  sixteen  and  twenty 
gears'  purchase.  Witt  says  that  twenty  and  six- 
sen  years'  purchase  are  much  used  in  buying 
"  land,  and  houses : "  the  comma  would  in  our 


day  indicate  that  the  twenty  years  is  for  land,  and 
the  sixteen  years  for  houses  :  and  this  is  probably 
what  Witt  meant,  whether  he  showed  it  by  comma 
or  not. 

In  the  first  half  of  the  seventeenth  century, 
10  per  cent,  was  the  common  notion  attached  to 
money,  just  as  5  per  cent,  was  the  notion  during 
'the  long  war  whicli  ended  in  1815.  Chillingworth, 
in  one  of  his  sermons,  values  heaven  at  more  than 
a  hundred  thousand  pounds,  which,  says  he,  you 
all  know  to  be  ten  thousand  a  year.  Though  we 
are  now  a  nation  of  shopkeepers,  I  doubt  if  in  our 
day  a  clergyman  has  put  in  heaven  at  a  money 
price. 

The  security  of  title  made  a  very  large  differ- 
ence in  the  value  of  land.  The  following  extract 
from  Yarranton's  England's  Improvement,  1677,  is 
quoted  in  the  History  of  Taunton  :  — 

"  The  manor  of  Taunton  Dean,  in  Somersetshire,  is 
under  a  register,  and  there  the  land  is  worth  23  years' 
purchase,  although  but  a  copyhold  manor ;  and  at  any 
time  he  that  hath  £100  a  year  in  the  manor  of  Taunton 
may  go  to  the  Castle  and  fake  up  £2000  upon  his  lands, 
and  buy  stuffs  with  the  money,  and  go  to  London  and 
sell  his  stuffs,  and  return  down  his  moneys,  and  pay  but 
£5  in  the  hundred  for  his  monejrs,  and  discharge  his 
lands.  This  is  the  cause  of  the  great  trade  and  riches 
about  Taunton  Dean  (0  happy  Taunton  Dean !)  What 
gentleman  can  do  thus  with  free  lands?  No,  it  is  not 
worth  16  years'  purchase  all  England  over,  one  place 
with  another;  and,  if  not  timely  put  under  a  register,  it 
will  come  to  12  years'  purchase  before  long." 

I  suppose  that  the  last  sentence  is  a  prophecy 
that  real  property  will  soon  be  no  better  security 
than  personal ;  that  is,  that  money  on  personal 
security  made  8£  per  cent. 

The  above  examples  may  seem  to  indicate  that 
there  was  a  time  when  real  and  personal  security 
differed  about  as  much  as  3  per  cent,  and  20  per 
cent. :  and  that  the  difference  has  gradually  dwin- 
dled, until,  in  our  own  day,  the  two,  when  good  of 
their  kinds,  are  of  nearly  the  same  value.  More 
instances,  and  many  more,  will  be  required  before 
so  large  a  difference  can  be  granted  as  having  once 
been  universally  recognised  :  and  your  readers 
may  possibly  be  able  to  contribute  more,  either 
for  or  against.  A.  DB  MORGAN. 

FLY-LEAF  INSCRIPTIONS. 

The  following  verses  are  written  on  the  fly-leaf 
of  a  little  book,  entitled  Emblemata  et  Aliquot 
Nummi  Antiqui  Operis  Johau.  Sarnbitci  Tirnaviensis 
Pannonii,  etc.,  Antverpise,  C!D  IO.LXIX:  — 

"  Ad  Amicos  Candidas. 
"  Hue  quicunque  tuo  me  dignum  reris  amore 

Qui  mihi  syncero  es  pectore  junctus,  ades; 

Huic  nomenque,  manumque  tuam,  dictumque  rogatus, 

Quod  libel  egregium  trade,  referque  libro, 

Nominis  atque  rnanus  liber  hie  dictique  iidelia 

Pagina  dum  custos  ulla  manebit  erit. 

Dicta  rogo  pia  scribe,  fuge  impia  scomata  amici 

Quantum  synceri  nomen  habere  cupis. 


218 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«<iS.  IX.  MAR.  24.  'GO* 


Infainare  cave,  certamen  inutile  linque ; 

Hie  tibi  certandi  non  locus  ullus  erit, 

Si  certare  libet  campus  quaeratur  apertus ; 

Hie  sit  amicitiae  flore  refertus  ager ; 

Quern  quoties  oculis  aspexero  talia  mecum, 

Ex  imo  tacitus  pectore  verba  loquar ; 

En  fraterna  manus  fratris,  fautoris,  amici ; 

Hie  tibi  non  ullo  fine  colendus  erit, 

Huic  ars  6  longam  vitam,  6  largire  quietam, 

Huic  da  perpetua  prosperitate  frui." 

The  book  is  interleaved  throughout,  and  the 
friends  of  the  writer  seem  to  have  willingly  corn- 
plied  with  the  request  contained  in  the  above 
verses,  as  several  of  the  blank  pages  contain  me- 
morials with  the  names  of  the  writers  and  dates 
subscribed ;  most  of  these  are  written  in  a  neat 
German  running-hand,  but  the  words  are  rather 
contracted ;  there  are  also  two  or  three  entries  in 
Latin,  of  which  the  following  is  a  specimen  :  — 

"  Donecr  eris  fselix,  multos  nuraerabis  amicos 
Nullas  ad  amissas  ibit  amicus  opes. 
Omnia  si  perdas  famam  servare  memento, 
Amicus  certus  re  incerta  cernitur." 

"  Hsec  ad  perpetuam  memoriam  scribebat  Tobias 
Engelhartt.  Anno  1601." 

This  is  the  earliest  entry  on  the  blank  leaves ; 
the  latest  is  dated  15th  Dec.  1654. 

An  artist  has  also  left  a  memento  of  his  skill : — 
A  youth  with  loose  trousers,  apparently  laced 
down  the  side,  and  extending  a  little  below  the 
knees ;  boots  with  large  tops ;  he  holds  some 
cylindrical  vessel  in  his  right  hand,  his  left  rests 
on  the  handle  of  a  large  sword;  he  is  also  equip- 
ped with  a  short  jacket  and  hat.  Perhaps  the 
writing  on  the  back  of  this  leaf  has  reference  to 
the  picture,  and  contains  the  name  of  the  artist  ? 

On  one  of  the  fly-leaves  at  the  end  of  the  book 
is  the  following  inscription  :  — 

"  Ipse  duxit  et  perfuret  («ic?)  Antonius  Stertrius? 
magni  Regis  Persarum  legatus  Invictissimse  Csesaria 
majestati." 

On  the  next  leaf  are  some  observations  in  Per- 
sian characters.  A  folding  leaf  here  inserted 
contains  a  beautiful  specimen  of  German  penman- 
ship. On  the  last  fly-leaf  is  the  Lord's  Prayer  in 
German,  with  the  writer's  name,  Bartholomew 
Rees,  and  dated  23rd  Aug.  1642  —the  whole  in  a 
circular  space  one  half  an  inch  in  diameter.  On 
the  inside  of  the  cover,  at  the  end,  we  have  the 
name  of  one  of  its  former  owners  :  "  +  dono  dedit 
frater  Valentinus  Wratisiavia,  4.  Octob.  Anno 
1600  cum  domino  suo  Viomam  jam  atiturus."  A 
little  above  is  written  :  "  accepi  4.  8ober  1600, 
zur  Steinnau."  The  recipient  unfortunately  does 
not  give  us  his  name.  Is  anything  known  about 
the  Persian  ambassador  above  mentioned,  or 
"  frater  Valentinus  ?  "  Or  was  it  the  custom  to 
interleave  books  for  the  purpose  of  preserving 
mementos  in  the  autographs  of  eminent  men  ? 

B.C. 

Cork. 


Inside  the  covers  of  a  copy  of  the  editio  princeps 
of  Josephus,  Froben,  1544  :  — 

"  Emptus  Basileae  duobus  unceis 
Calendis  Aprilis,  Anno  1550. 
Compactus  et  legi  cceptus  Lutetiae 
Parisiorum  vij  Junij,  anno  eodem. 

'EA.ev<rov  v/«,a<r,  w  xupte,  rwraa-rt  K<U  QO.VOVTO.S. 

Quominus  est  certe  meritis  indebita  nostris, 

Magna  tamen  spes  est  in  bonitate  dei. 

Hieronymus  Wolfius 
^Etingensis." 

The  margins  of  the  volume  contain  great  num- 
bers of  MS.  annotations  and  corrections  by  Je- 
rome Wolff. 

On  the  fly-leaf  of  a  copy  (in  the  original  bind- 
ing) of — 

"  Directorium 

in  dnice  passiois  articulos. 

Basil,  1513,"  — 

occurs  the  following  inscription,  which  I  should 
be  very  glad  to  have  decyphered :  — 
•"  18    Augusti    die. 

(Crown.) 
*          V  * 

15.       19. 

I.D.D.E.V.V.G 
.C." 


West  Derby. 


X. 


INSCRIPTION  on  FLY-LEAF  OF  A  BREECHES 
BIBLE,  1608 : 

"  John  Petty  his  book, 
God  give  him  grace  therein  to  Looke : 
And  when  thee  Bell  doth  begin  to  toole, 
Lord  Jesus  Christ  Receive  his  Soule.    1 :6 :7 :1." 

ESLIGH. 

THE  OLD  AMERICAN  PSALM  BOOK. 

Bibliographers  are  agreed  that  the  Bay  Psalm 
Book  was  first  published  in  1640 ;  2nd  edition, 
1647  ;  and  that,  although  neither  place  nor  prin- 
ter are  named,  it  was  in  both  cases  executed  at 
Cambridge,  N.  E.  by  Stephen  Daye.  Of  the  first, 
Dr.  Cotton  *  says  there  is  a  copy  in  the  Bodleian ; 
but,  if  we  rely  upon  the  Catalogue,  there  is  not  a 
copy  of  either  edition  to  be  found  in  the  British 
Museum. 

In  looking  up  at  the  Museum  lately  the  Metri~ 
col  Psalms  of  Francis  Rous,  I  came  upon  an 
anonymous  version  bearing  his  name  on  the  title 
in  a  modern  hand ;  but  a  very  slight  examination 
satisfied  me  that  the  compilers  had  too  hastily 
adopted  this  authority,  when  they  posted  it  into 
the  Catalogue  as  the  work  of  that  famous  republi- 


*  This  gentleman,  however,  errs  in  saving  that  the 
second  edition  contains  "  Scripture  Songs ;"  these,  I  pre- 
sume, were  added  for  the  first  time  to  the  third  edition, 
revised  by  Dunstar  &  Lvon. 


2n<i  S.  IX.  MAR.  24.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


219 


can  ;  and  it  cost  me  but  little  more  trouble  to 
identify  the  coarse  little  tome  in  my  hands  as  the 
second  edition  of  the  New  England  Psalm  Book. 
The  title  is  : 

"The  Whole  Book  of  Psalmes,  faithfully  translated 
into  English  Metres :  whereunto  is  prefixed  a  Discourse 
declaring,  not  onley  the  Lawfulnesses  but  also  the  Neces-  • 
sity  of  the  Heavenley  Ordinance  of  Singing  Scripture's. 
Fsalmes  in  the  Church  of  God,"  &c. 

Imprinted,  1647.  12mo.  Preface  six  leaves.  The 
Psalmes,  pp.  1—274.;  on  last  pages,  "An  Admo- 
nition to  the  Reader,  containing  directions  as  to 
singing  and  tunes."  And  thinking  my  little  dis- 
covery may  interest  ouf  Transatlantic  friends 
visiting  the  library,  I  subjoin*  the  necessary  di- 
rections to  enable  them  without  trouble  to  see 
and  handle  this  interesting  relic  of  the  "  Pilgrim 
Fathers." 

Another  word  about  this  old  Psalm  Book:  — 
Mr.  Holland,  in  his  Psalmists  of  Britain,  regrets 
that  he  can  only  incidentally  introduce  into  his 
work  the  name  of  Francis  Quarles.  When  the 
Bostonians  had  decided  upon  a  Psalm  Book  of 
their  own,  it  would  appear  that  they  sought  as- 
sistance from  the  poets  of  the  mother  country  ; 
and  the  following  satisfactory  evidence  that 
Quarles  responded  to  the  call  I  extract  from  a 
little  book  in  my  possession,  entitled,  An  Account 
of  Two  Voyages  to  New  England,  1674.  The 
author,  John  Josselyn,  under  date  1638,  says,  on 
his  arrival  in  Massachuset  Bay  : 

"  Having  refreshed  myself  for  a  day  or  two  at  Noodles' 
Island,  I  crossed  the  Bay  in  a  small  boat  to  Boston, 
which  then  was  rather  a  small  village  than  a  town,  there 
being  not  above  twenty  or  thirty  houses,  and  presented 
myself  to  Mr.  Winthorpe,  the  Govr,  and  to  Mr.  Cotton, 
the  Teacher,  of  Boston  Church :  to  whom  I  delivered 
from  Mr.  Francis  Quarks,  the  Poet,  the  translations  of  the 
16,  25,  51,  88,  113,  and  137  Psalms  into  English  Meeter 
for  his  approbation"  §•<?. 

Unless  it  can  be  proved  to  the  contrary,  it  may 
therefore,  be  assumed  that,  to  the  extent  above 
indicated,  this  respectable  old  poet  had  a  hand  in 
the  American  Psalter.  J.  O. 


GODWIN'S  CALEB  WILLIAMS  ANNOTATED  BY 
ANNA  SEWARD. 

The  following  remarks  and  marginalia  are  tran- 
scribed from  a  copy  of  Godwin's  Caleb  Williams 
(2nd  ed.  3  vols.  12mo.  1796),  formerly  in  the 
possession  of  Anna  Seward,  and  bearing  her  auto- 
graph on  the  title-page.  On  the  inside  of  the 
cover  is  written,  "  Edward  Sneyd,  bought  at  the 
sale  of  the  late  Mrs.  Anna  Seward.  May,  1809." 

On  the  fly-leaf,  in  the  handwriting  of  Anna 
Seward,  is  the  following  note :  — 

"  Header,  behold  in  these  volumes  three  characters  of 
the  male  sex,  each  drawn  with  equal  force;  each  ex- 

*  Press  mark,  3 134  a,   lious  (Francis).   Psalms.   1647. 
2"d  S.  NO  221.] 


citing  strong,  and  nearly  equal  interest ;  each  young, 
and  attractive  to  women ;  yet  not  one  of  them  appearing 
as  a  lover.  Their  different  situations,  without  natural 
connection,  by  fortuitous  circumstances,  inextricably  in- 
volved with  each  other  to  their  mutual  ruin,  excite  a 
solemn  order  of  curiosity  which  gains  in  strength  what 
it  loses  in  pathos. 

"  Behold  here  the  Terrible  Graces  in  their  soul  har- 
rowing power,  without  supernatural  aid !  .  Apparitions, 
Witches,  Enchanters,  Demons,  what  arc  the  interest  your 
horrors  excite,  compared  to  those  which  here  result  from 
a  noble  mind  overthrown  by  a  too  intemperate  zeal  for 
personal  honor,  and  for  immaculate  reputation  ?  from  the 
sunshine  of  a  prosperous,  a  virtuous,  and  happy  life,  at 
once  awfully  and  eternally  darkened? 

"  The  Virtues  border  on  the  Vices.  Any  one  of  the 
former,  pushed  beyond  the  line  of  partition,  and  entering 
the  confines  of  the  latter,  acquires  their  nature  and  thence 
is  fraught  with  their  mischiefs.  Frugality  becomes  Ava- 
rice, and  shuts  the  heart  to  pity,  affection,  and  all  the 
social  delights.  Emulation  becomes  envy,  defames  merit, 
and  incurably  stings  its  own  peace.  Generosity  becomes 
Profusion,  and  Suicide  extends  her  bullet,  her  bowl,  and 
her  knife.  Loyalty  becomes  Servility,  and  basely  dis- 
dains the  just  rights  of  the  People.  Patriotism  becomes 
Sedition,  and  increases  the  evil  it  opposes.  Love  de- 
generates into  Dotage  or  Sensuality,  and  destroys  its  own 
happiness,  or  that  of  its  object.  Honour  becomes  a  mood 
selfish,  revengeful.  Jealousy  which  hardens  the  heart 
against  the  mischiefs  of  duelling,  and  the  express  pro- 
hibition of  God.  Religion  herself  grows  bigoted,  un- 
charitable, intolerant,  absurd,  and  contemptible;  the 
scoff  of  Infidels,  and  the  disgrace  of  its  own  cause.  Such 
is  the  transforming  and  fatal  power  of  the  Extreme  in 
Propensities,  which,  in  moderation,  are  the  ornament 
and  blessing  of  our  nature. 

"  This  general  moral  is  admirably  enforced  in  these 
books  by  the  displayed  miseries  resulting  from  excess  in 
two  of  the  originally  amiable  Passions;  Maternal  affec- 
tion in  the  mother  of  Tyrrel,  and  personal  honor  in  the 
accomplished  Falkland." 

The  following  are  marginalia,  with  the  pas- 
sages to  which  they  refer,  prefixed. 

"  I  contrived  to  satisfy  my  love  of  praise  with 
an  unfrequent  apparition  at  their  amusements."  -*- 
Vol.  i.  page  3. 

"  I  do  not  like  the  uncommon  use  of  that  word  in  that 
place.  It  has  long  been  set  apart  for  a  peculiar  meaning, 
and  it  is  a  sort  of  sacrilege  to  apply  it  in  its  primeval 
sense  to  light  subjects." 

"  His  manner  was  kind,  attentive,  and  humane. 

His  eye  was  full  of  animation " — Vol.  i. 

p.  5. 

"  So  far  seems  the  portrait  of  the  Rev.  Ch.  Buckeridge." 
"  He  fell  into  company." — Vol.  i.  p.  21. 

"The  phrase  is  inelegant, — but  the  language  of  this 
book  in  general  is  sufficiently  refined,  as  well  as  nervous." 

"  Mr.  Falkland  fell  in."— Vol.  i.  p.  23. 
"  Again  that  inelegant  idiom  !  " 

"  At  Rome  he  was  received  with  particular 
distinction  at  the  house  of  Marquis  Pisani,"  &c. — 
Vol.  i.  p.  24. 

"  Here  we  are  strongly  reminded  of  Lady  Clementina 
and  the  Chevalier  Grandison,  but  the  study  terminates 
differently." 


220 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  MAR.  24.  '60. 


"  Vengeance  was  his  nightly  dream,  and  the 
uppermost  of  his  waking  thoughts."— Vol.  i.  p. 
135. 

"  Bad  language  —  vengeance  was  his  nightly  dream, 
and  his  first  idea  on  awaking — would  be  better." 

"  Her  complexion  savoured  of  the  brunette"  — 
Vol.  i.  p.  HO. 

"  Strange,  that  expressions  so  vulgar  should  stain  at 
intervals  a  style  so  generally  eloquent.  A.  S." 

"  Actions,  which  might  seem  to  savour  of  a  too 
tender  and  ambiguous  sensibility." — Vol.  ii.  p.  24. 

"  Oh !  that  vulgar  word." 

"  He  was  reckoned  for  a  madman." — Vol.  ii.  p. 
59. 

"  Awkward." 

"  He  exhibited  ....  a  copy  of  what  monarchs 
are  who  reckon  among  the  instruments  of  their 
power  prisons  of  state." — Vol.  ii.  p.  203. 

"  True  democratic  sentiment.  It  was  a  sentiment 
which  all  England  spoke  before  France  destroyed  her 
Bastile  and  England  erected  one  in  the  Cold  Bath 
Fields. 

*•  Democracy  is  a  bad  thing,  but  not  so  bad  as  Mo- 
narchical Tyranny." 

"  Thank  God,  exclaims  the  Englishman,  we 
have  no  Bastille,"  &c.— Vol.  ii.  p.  215. 

"  Not  tyranny  but  dire  necessity  invented  them.  Things 
as  they  are  not  in  England.  Commentator,  hast  thou 
ever  been  over  prisons  ?  If  thou  hadst,  thou  wouldst  not 
deny  the  truth  of  this  picture  however  thou  mightst  al- 
ledge  that  its  horrors  had  their  rise  in  the  corruption  of 
man  rather  than  in  the  cruelty  of  the  Legislation.  We 
should  not,  in  our  national  partiality,  shrink  from  truth, 
much  less  brand  it  with  imputed  falsehood." 

"  My  case  was  not  brought  forward,  but  was 
suffered  to  stand  over  six  months  longer.  It 
would  have  been  just  the  same,  if  I  had  had  as 
strong  reason  to  expect  acquittal  as  I  had  con- 
viction."—Vol.  ii.  p.  237. 

"  The  truth  of  that  observation  rescues  this  author 
from  slandering  the  inhumanity  of  English  customs  in 
these  cruel  delays  concerning  punishment  or  acquittal." 

"  The  water  to  be  administered  to  the  prisoners 
shall  be  taken  from  '  the  next  sink  or  puddle 
nearest  to  the  jail.'" — Vol.  ii.  p.  271. 

"  Good  God  I  is  that  possible  ?  the  state  trials  shall  show 
me.  If  true,  what  execration  is  too  severe  for ." 

"  Oh,  God !  if  God  there  be  that  condescends 
to  record  the  beatings  of  an  anxious  heart." — 
Vol.  iii.  p.  10. 

"  Heavens !  what  an  IF  !  unhappy  man.  The  doubt 
it  implies  disgraces  thy  fine  talents,  and  withers  our 
trust  in  the  goodness  of  thine  heart." 

If  the  foregoing  unstudied  remarks  of  the 
"  Swan  of  Lichfield  "  should  excite  interest  as  to 
her  printed  opinions  on  the  same  work,  the  reader 
is  referred  to  her  Letters,  edited  by  Sir  Walter 
Scott  (6  vols.  Edinb.  1811).  SQQ  Letter  43.,  vol. 
iv. ;  Letter  46.  vol.  iv. ;  Letter  10.  vol.  v. 

WILLIAM  BATES. 


ffiinat 

THE  GOODWIN  SANDS.  —  About  forty-five  years 
since,  being  on  a  visit  at  Rolvenden  in  Kent,  I 
was  told  a  similar  tale  to  the  "  Legend  of  the 
Zuyderzee"  (ante,  p.  140.),  respecting  the  origin 
of  the  Goodwin  Sands.  A  person  who  was  sitting 
at  breakfast  one  morning  in  his  kitchen  observed 
a  movement  in  the  floor,  he  took  up  a  brick,  and 
found  saltwater,  in  which  was  a  small  fish.  He 
kept  this  discovery  secret,  and  immediately  sold 
his  property.  The  next  morning  the  sea  had  so 
far  undermined  that  portion  of  the  country,  that 
it  broke  up  the  land  and  formed  the  Goodwin 
Sands.  E.  P. 

ALLITERATIVE  POETRY.  —  If  the  following  has 
not  already  appeared  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  it  may  be 
remembered  by  some  of  its  readers  as  having  ap- 
peared about  thirty  years  ago  in  one  of  the  cheap 
publications  of  that  period  :  — 

"  Alphabetical  Assertions,  Briefly  Collected ;  Describing 
Elegant  Flirtations,    Generally  Happening   In  Joking, 
Kissing,  Larking,  Merry-making,  Nutting  (Opportunity 
Producing  Queer  Rumpusses),  Small  Talk  Under  Volk's 
Windows,  'Xciting  Youthful  Zeal,  &c. 
"  ARTHUR  Ask'd  AMY'S  Affection, 
BET,  Being  BENJAMIN'S  Bride, 
Coolly  Cut  CHARLES'S  Connection ; 

DEBORAH,  DICKY  Denied. 
ELEANOR'S  Eye,  Efficacious,- 

FREDERICK'S  Fatality  Feels ; 
GILES  Gained  GEORGIANA — Good  Gracious  I 

HARRY  Hates  HELEN'S  High  Heels. 
ISAAC  Is  ISABEL'S  Idol, 

JENNY  Jeers  JONATHAN  JONES: 
KATH'RINE  Knows  Knock  Kneed  KIT  KRIEDAL, 

Love's  Leering  LUCY'S  Long-bones. 
MARY  Meets  Mortifications, 

NICHOLAS  NANCY  Neglects, 
OLIVER'S  Odd  Observations 

Proves  PETER  Poor  PATTY  Protects ! 
Quaker  QUINTILIAN'S  Queer  Quibbles 

Red  RACHEL'S  Reasons  Resist : 
Soft  SIMON'S  Sympathy  Scribbles 
Tales  To  Tall  TABITHA  TWIST. 
URS'LA  Unthinking,  Undoing 
Volatile  VALENTINE'S  Vest, 
WILLIAM'S  Wild  Wickeder  Wooing 
'Xceeds  Youthful  Zelica's  Zest." 

W.  J.  STANNARD. 
Hatton  Garden. 

BONAPARTE'S  MARRIAGE.  —  The  following  is  the 
first  public  announcement  of  the  intended  union 
of  the  Emperor  Napoleon  and  the  Arch-Duchess 
Maria  Louisa.  The  short  but  terrible  conflict  be- 
tween the  Austrians  and  the  French  terminated 
after  the  severest  reverses  in  favour  of  the  latter, 
and  the  treaty  of  peace  was  signed  at  Vienna  on 
the  14th  Oct.  1809.  The  Emperor  Napoleon  left 
the  Palace  of  Schoonbrunn  on  the  16th  on  his  re- 
turn to  Paris,  and  the  Austrian  capital  was  eva- 
cuated by  his  army  as  rapidly  as  circumstances 
would  permit.  The  last  French  soldier  had 
scarcely  left  before  the  Emperor  of  Austria  held  • 


S.  IX.  MAR.  24.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


221 


his  "  Keception."  The  Viennese,  though  severely 
chastised  for  their  presumption,  flocked  to  con- 
gratulate his  Majesty  on  the  departure  of  their 
troublesome  friends.  Their  losses  were  forgotten, 
and,  buoyed  with  the  hope  his  Mnjesty  might  live 
to  see  their  army  at  no  distant  period  restore  the 
empire  (though  for  the  present  torn)  to  the  former 
boundary,  they  came  to  do  their  homage  to  their 
monarch.  The  court  was  crowded  ;  all  was  gay 
and  brilliant ;  impatience  to  show  their  loyalty  to 
their  sovereign  was  evident  in  all,  and  restrained 
but  for  a  brief  space  before  the  Emperor  was 
announced.  His  Majesty  entered ;  all  strove  to 
obtain  a  gracious  look  or  smile,  but  in  vain  ;  un- 
heeding the  salutations  he  passed  with  unmoved 
countenance  through  the  throng  of  courtiers  till 
he  reached  his  throne ;  there,  placing  his  elbow 
on  some  convenient  resting-place,  he  covered  his 
face  with  a  white  kerchief.  Scarcely  had  the 
astounded  courtiers  time  to  exchange  their  won- 
dering thoughts  before  the  ministers  arrived  and 
announced  the  fact  that  the  Emperor  Napoleon 
had  demanded  the  hand  of  the  Arch-Duchess 
Maria  Louisa,  and  that  for  "  state  reasons "  his 
Majesty  had  thought  proper  to  give  his  consent  to 
their  union.  H.  DAVENEY. 

S.  MATTHIAS'  DAY.  —  The  Catholic  Church 
keeps  the  feast  of  S.  Matthias  on  the  25th  of 
February  when  Leap  Year  happens.  In  the 
Calendar  prefixed  to  the  Norwich  Domesday 
Book  this  couplet, 

"  Cum  bisextus  erit :  f  bra  bis  nuraeretur 
Posteriori  die :  celebrabis  festum  Mathie," 

is  written  immediately  after  the  24th  of  February.* 

EXTRANEUS 

JACKASS. — Is  it,  or  is  it  not,  a  thing  generally 
known  that  the  term  Jackass,  for  donkey,  has  an 
Eastern  origin  ? 

When  Dr.  Wolff,  the  Bokhara  Missionary,  was 
at  Mardun  in  Mesopotamia,  he  gave  great  of- 
fence to  some  Armenian  Roman  Catholics,  by  an 
accident  committed  in  a  fit  of  absence,  and  was 
called  in  consequence,  "  Wolff  Jakhsh"  i.e.  Wolff 
the  Jackass. 

Jakhsh  is  an  Arabic  word  used  only  in  Mesopo- 
tamia, its  root-meaning  being,  one  who  extends  his 
ears.  It  is  impossible  to  give  the  proper  pro- 
nunciation of  the  word  in  English  letters,  but 
sight,  sound,  and  original  meaning  confirm  the 
idea  that  it  must  be  the  original  of  our  Jackass. 

Of  course  I  give  this  account  on  the  authority 
of  Dr.  Wolff  himself.  MARGARET  GATTY 

MOTTOES  USED  BY  REGIMENTS.  —  Some  years 
since  I  joined  a  regiment,  the  pioneers  of  whicl 
had  on  a  scroll  of  their  bear-skin  caps  the  sen 
tence  "Nee  aspera  terrent."     Not  long  before 
had  been  poring  over  school-books,  and  I  consi 


[*  See  our  1st  S.  v.  58.  115.] 


.ered  that  I  recognised  the  Nee  vulnera  ferrent 
JEnei£  xi.  643.),  but  modified  by  substituting 
<spera  for  vulnera,  which  might  be  accounted  for, 
he  pioneer  being  a  sort  of  military  navvy,  rather 
han  a  combating  soldier.  MILITAVI. 


SIR  BERNARD  DE  GOMME. 
Sir  Bernard  de  Gomme  was  perhaps  the  most 
eminent  engineer  in  the  service  of  the  British, 
crown  during  the  period  of  the  Civil  Wars.  In 
Pepys's  Diary,  under  date  1667,  March  24,  is  this 
entry :  — 

"  By  and  by  to  the  Duke  of  York,  where  we  all  met, 
and  there  was  the  King  also ;  and  all  our  discourse  was 
about  fortifying  of  the  Medway  and  Harwich,  which  is 
to  be  entrenched  quite  round,  and  Portsmouth :  and  here 
they  advised  with  Sir  Godfry  Lloyd  and  Sir  Bernard  de 
Gunn,  the  two  great  Engineers,  and  had  the  plates  drawn 
before  them." 

To  this  entry  of  Pepys  the  editor  has  added 
the  following  note  :  — 

*  Sir  Bernard  de  Gomme  was  born  at  Lille  in  1620. 
When  young,  he  served  in  the  campaigns  of  Henry  Fre- 
deric, Prince  of  Orange,  and  afterwards  entered  the  ser- 
vice of  Charles  1st,  by  whom  he  was  knighted.  Under 
Charles  2nd  and  James  2nd,  he  filled  the  Offices  of  Chief 
Engineer,  Quarter-master  General,  and  Surveyor  of  the 
Ordnance.  He  died,  November  23,  1685,  and  is  buried  in 
the  Tower  of  London.  He  first  fortified  Sheerness,  Liver- 
pool, &c.,  and  he  strengthened  Portsmouth." 

In  The  Illustrated  London  News  for  5th  Jan, 
1856,  is  an  examination  or  critique  of  the  late 
Mr.  E.  Warburton's  work,  entitled  Memoirs  of 
Prince  Rupert  and  the  Cavaliers.  On  a  passage 
therein,  in  which  the  author  congratulates  himself 
and  his  readers  on  being  able  to  refer  to  a  plan  of 
the  battle  of  Naseby  (fought  14th  June,  1645,) 
"  drawn  up  by  Prince  Rupert's  orders,  and  found 
amongst  his  papers,"  Sir  Frederic  Madden  makes 
the  following  remarks  :  — 

"  The  original  plan  was  sold  with  the  collections  of 
Rupert  and  Fairfax's  papers,  at  Messrs.  Sotheby  &  Co.'s, 
in  June,  1852  (Lot  1443.),  and  was  executed  by  Sir  Ber- 
nard de  Gomme,  a  Dutch  engineer  of  eminence,  who  was 
in  the  service  of  Frederic  Henry,  Prince  of  Orange ;  and 
afterwards,  having  accompanied  Prince  Rupert  to  Eng- 
land, was  knighted  by  Charles  I.,  and  subsequently 
became  Chief  Engineer,  Quarter-Master  General,  and 
Surveyor  of  the  Ordnance,  in  the  reigns  of  Charles  II.  and 
James  II.  A  military  plan  executed  by  so  eminent  an 
authority,  who  was  contemporary  with  the  event,  must 
be  admitted  to  be  of  considerable  interest  and  value,  &c. 
In  the  British  Museum  exists,  not  only  a  larger  and 
more  carefully  coloured  drawing  of  the  same  plan  of  the 
Battle  of  Naseby,  by  Sir  Bernard  de  Gomme,  but  also 
coloured  military  plans  by  the  same  hand  of  the  Battle 
of  Marston  Moor  (2nd  July,  1644),  and  the  second  fight 
at  Newbury  (27th  October,  1644)  ;  all  drawn  of  the  same 
size  (2ft.  4  in.  by  1ft.  8  in.).  These  plans,  with  many 
others  by  De  Gomme,  were  purchased  for  the  British. 
Museum  at  the  sale  of  the  library  of  Mr.  Gwyn  of  Ford 
Abbey,  Dorsetshire,  in  October  1846,  and  are  believed  to 


222 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»*  S.  IX.  MAR.  24.  '60. 


have  belonged  to  Francis  Gwyn,  who  was  Under-secre- 
tary  of  State  from  1680  to  1G82.  They  now  form  the 
Add.  MSS.  16,370  and  16,371." 

Sir  F.  Madden  adds  :  — 

"  Before  I  conclude  I  must  add  that  a  miniature  por- 
trait in  oil  of  Sir  Bernard  de  Gomme  is  prefixed  to  a  col- 
lection of  plans  (executed  probably  for  him)  illustrating 
the  campaign  of  the  Prince  of  Orange  between  1625  and 
1645,  preserved  in  George  III.'s  library,  No.  en.  21." 

It  would  be  interesting  to  the  writer  of  the 
foregoing  Note  to  be  informed  whether  any  men- 
tion is  made  of  Sir  Bernard  de  Gomme  in  any 
other  of  the  English  writers  of  the  period  in  which 
he  flourished;  and  also  whether  he  is  buried  in 
the  chapel  of  St.  Peter  ad  vincula,  in  the  Tower, 
or  what  other  place  there  ;  and  if  any  tombstone 
or  monument  is  erected  to  his  memory. 

He  had  a  daughter,  who  married  John  Riches, 
Esq.,  a  native  of  Amsterdam,  who  was  naturalised 
by  act  of  parliament  19  George  II.,  and  was  living 
in  Surrey  in  1692.  They  had  a  daughter,  "Cathe- 
rine," who  married  William  Bovey,  Esq.,  of  Flax- 
ley,  in  Gloucestershire.  Mrs.  Catherine  Bovey 
survived  her  husband  many  years,  and  was  a 
lady  celebrated  not  only  for  her  beauty,  but  for 
her  piety,  and  deeds  of  active  benevolence  also. 
She  appears  in  Ballard's  Memoirs  of  Celebrated 
British  Ladies ;  and  to  her  Steele  dedicated  the 
second  volume  of  The  Lady's  Library.  She  is 
also  supposed  to  be  the  widow  to  whom  Sir  Roger 
de  Coverley,  in  the  Spectator,  paid  his  addresses 
in  vain.  She  died,  without  issue,  in  1726,  and 
has  a  monument  in  Westminster  Abbey,  erected 
to  her  memory  by  Mrs.  Mary  Pope,  her  execu- 
trix, who  had  been  her  confidential  friend  for  a 
period  of  forty  years.*  D.  W.  S. 


PUNNING  AND  POCKET-PICKING.  —  Four  years 
ago  I  transcribed  from  the  Public  Advertiser  of 
January  12,  1779,  an  anecdote  which  imputed  the 
origin  of  the  saying  that  "  the  man  who  can  make 
a  pun  will  not  hesitate  to  pick  a  pocket "  to  John 
Dennis,  the  dramatist  and  critic  — the  occasion 
being  a  conversation  between  Congreve  and 
Henry  Purcell,  and  the  latter  the  punster  who 
raised  the  critic's  ire.  The  anecdote  and  a  Query 
if  there  was  any  "  better  authority  for  attributing 
the  phrase  to  Dennis  ?  "  you  did  me  the  favour  to 
insert  in  "N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  i.  253.  I  was  aware 
that  the  expression  had  sometimes  been  fathered 
upon  Dr.  Johnson,  but  unable  to  find  any  refer- 
ence whatever  to  where  and  when  he  had  used  it. 

Recently  I  met  with  a  foot-note  appended  to 
an  article  in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  1781, 
which  also  assigns  the  idea  to  Dennis,  but  on  a 

[*  An  interesting  account  of  Sir  Roger  de  Coverley's 
"  Perverse  Widow,"  Mrs.  Catherine  Boevc3r,  will  be  found 
in  H.  G.  Nicholla's  Forest  of  Dean,  pp.  185—188. ;  see 
also  Wills's  Sir  Roger  de  Coverley,  p.  122.-— ED.] 


different  occasion.  The  note  is  as  follows,  and,  it 
will  be  observed,  bears  the  impress  of  Editorial 
authority  :  — 

"  This  reminds  us  of  a  pun  of  Garth  to  Howe,  who 
making  repeated  use  of  his  snuff-box,  the  Doctor  at  last 
sent  it  to  him  with  the  two  Greek  letters  written  on  the 
lid  $P  (Phi  Ko).  At  this  the  sour  Dennis  was  so  pro- 
voked as  to  declare  that '  a  man  who  could  make  so  vile 
a  pun  would  not  scruple  to  pick  a  pocket.'  —  EDIT." — 
Gent.'s  Magazine,  vol.  li.  p.  824. 

Thus  it  will  be  seen  that  in  two  special  in- 
stances the  phrase  is  set  down  at  the  door  of 
Dennis,  and  there  I  am  content  to  let  it  remain, 
Mr.  Planche  to  the  contrary  notwithstanding. 
This  admirable  writer  in  his  witty  prologue  to  the 
Forty  Thieves  — the  joint-stock  burlesque  enacted 
on*the  7th  inst.  by  the  members  of  the  Savage 
Club  at  the  Lyceum  Theatre  —  again  places  the 
saddle  on  Dr.  Johnson's  back  :  — 

"  Atrocious  punsters !  villainous  jest  breakers ! 
We  laugh  the  dull  old  Dictionary  maker's 
Abuse  to  scorn.    Admit  the  fact  and  mock  it. 
The  men  who  made  these  puns  would  pick  your 

pocket, 
And  don't  mind  getting    two  months  with  hard 

labour 
Like  this  again,  to  help  a  needy  neighbour." 

Daily  Telegraph,  March  8.  1860. 

Perhaps  you  will  now  permit  me  to  vary  my 

former  Query  by  asking  if  there  is  any  authority 

for  attributing   the  phrase  in   question    to    the 

"  dull  old  Dictionary  maker?  " 

ROBEET  S.  SALMON. 
Newcastle-on-Tyne. 

SAINT  E-THAN  on  Y-THAN.  There  is  a  well 
in  the  neighbourhood  of  Burghead,  in  the  north 
of  Scotland,  bearing  this  name.  I  should  be  glad 
if  any  of  your  correspondents  who  arc  read  in 
saint  lore  could  oblige  me  with  some  information 
regarding  its  patron.  A  small  chapel  had  at  one 
time  stood  on  the  adjoining  promontory,  but  no 
notice  of  it  is  to  be  found  in  the  records  of  the 
ancient  diocese,  which  extend  as  far  back  as  the 
thirteenth  century.  It  is  possible  that  this  well 
may  have  preserved  to  our  times  the  name  of  the 
first  apostle  of  Christianity  in  the  district ;  and 
one  is  curious  to  know  if  any  other  traces  of  him 
can  be  recovered.  I  have  written  the  word  as  it 
is  pronounced  by  the  natives  of  the  place ;  but 
the  proper  orthography  may  be  very  different. 

JAMES  MACDONALD. 
Elgin. 

EARLY  COMMUNION  IN  RIPON  CATHEDRAL.— 
The  following  information  about  a  custom  pre- 
vailing at  Ripon  Cathedral,  which  I  have  received 
from  a  friend,  seems  to  me  worthy  of  a  place 
amongst  your  Short  Notes  :  — 

"  On  Easter  Dny  the  Holy  Communion  is  administered 
thrice,  at  5  A.M.,  at  7  A.M.,  and  after  the  usual  morning 
service.  Ripon  Cathedral  is  the  parish  church  of  a  parish 
18  or  20  miles  long ;  and  the  three  Communions  on  Easter 


S.  IX.  MAR.  24.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


223 


Day  are  a  very  old  institution,  dating  from  the  time  when 
there  were  no  daughter  churches  in  the  parish;  and 
farmers  and  others  came  great  distances  for  the  annual 
Communion.  I  suppose  the  numbers  were  so  great  that 
they  thought  it  best  to  have  more  than  one  celebration. 
Even  now  the  early  Communions  are  attended,  I  believe, 
by  some  people  from  a  considerable  distance,  who  keep  up 
the  old  custom." 

Of  course  early  Communions  on  great  festivals 
(at  8  A.M.  or  thereabouts)  are  not  uncommon  in 
town  churches,  but  I  believe  this  to  be  a  solitary 
instance  of  three  celebrations  of  that  Sacrament  in 
one  day,  in  an  English  cathedral.  I  have  heard 
of  a  practice  of  very  early  services  on  Sundays  in 
some  part  of  South  Wales,  and  should  be  glad  to 
hear  if  any  of  your  correspondents  should  happen 
to  know  of  such  cases.  The  practice  is  common 
enough  abroad ;  but  in  England  the  services  are 
very  seldom  early  enough  for  persons  who  are 
unable  to  attend  during  the  day. 

JOHN  G.  TALBOTV 
Freshwater. 

LAMBETH  DEGREES.  —  Under  what  circum- 
stances has  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  the 
power  of  granting  the  degree  of  M.  A.  ?  Is  such 
a  degree  a  mark  of  intellectual  ability,  as  at  Ox- 
ford, Cambridge,  and  Dublin?  What  is  the 
peculiarity  in  the  form  or  colour  of  the  hood, 
which  distinguishes  it  from  that  granted  by  one 
of  the  universities  P  ENQUIRER. 

Manchester. 

DURANCE  VILE. — Where  is  that  very  common 
expression  "  durance  vile  "  first  met  with  ? 

C.  DE  D. 

TREES  CUT  IN  THE  WANE  OF  THE  MOON. — 
In  the  first  Lent-sermon  of  Segneri,  I  find  the 
following  reflection  :  — 

"  When  people  are  going  to  cut  down  a  tree  for  the 
use  of  the  artificer,  to  make  a  casket,  or  desk,  or  perhaps 
a  beautiful  statue  of  it,  they  go  with  a  hundred  scrutinies 
and  examine  whether  it  is  sound,  whether  it  is  seasoned, 
above  all,  whether  it  is  cut  at  its  proper  time,  as,  for  in- 
stance, when  the  moon  is  on  the  ivane." 

Is  this  a  common  superstition,  and  elsewhere 
recorded  ?  C.  W.  BINGHAM. 

DR.  ROBERT  CLAYTON.  —  Can  one  of  your 
readers  supply  any  information  about  the  family 
and  pedigree  of  Dr.  Robert  Clayton,  Bishop  of 
Clogher,  in  the  last  century  ?  I  believe  he  Avas 
one  of  the  discoverers  of  gas,  and  was  the  first  to 
offer  a  reward  for  the  elucidation  of  the  Sinaitic 
inscriptions.  D. 

NOBLE  ORTHOGRAPHY.  —  In  the  second  num- 
ber of  The  Cornhill  Magazine,  the  biographer  of 
Hogarth  is  made  to  say  :  "  Neither  the  great 
Duke  of  Marlborough,  nay,  nor  his  Duchess,  the 
terrible  '  Old  Sarah,'  nay,  nor  Mrs.  Masham, 
nay,  nor  Queen  Anne  herself,  could  spell;  and 
that  the  young  Pretender  (in  the  Stua?'t  Papers) 


writes  his  father's  name  thus, '  Gems'  for  'James.' " 
I  should  like  to  know  what  authority  there  is  for 
this  statement  respecting  the  Queen,  the  Duke, 
and  the  Duchess  ?  And  whether  the  famous  let- 
ters which  passed  between  Mrs.  Freeman  and 
Mrs.  Morley  are  open  to  this  accusation  ? 

E.  R.  ST.  MAUR. 

JOHN  DE  LA  COURT.  — Can  you  refer  me  to  any 
information  respecting  John  dc  la  Court,  Chaplain 
to  Edward,  Duke  of  Buckingham,  about  the  year 
1520  ?  He  is  spoken  of  by  Holinshed,  and  after 
him  by  Shakspeare  in  the  first  Act  of  King  Henry 
the  Eighth.  MELETES. 

FINCH.  —  Who  was  the  Rev.  John  Augustine 
Finch,  rector  of  Aston  and  Hockerton  ?  And 
when  and  where  did  he  die  ?  His  wife  (who  was 
Elizabeth  Burnell)  died  Oct.  loth,  1771.  Hock- 
erton is  in  Notts.  Where  is  Aston  ?  Mr.  Finch 
is  not  in  the  catalogue  of  rectors  of  Aston,  near 
Rotherham.  C.  J. 

DEVOTIONAL  POEMS.  —  Can  any  of  the  corre- 
spondents of  "  N.  &  Q."  give  the  author  of  a 
small  book  of  poems  of  the  following  title  : 

"  Devotional  Poems,  Festival  and  Practical,  on  some 
of  the  Chief  Christian  Festivals,  Fasts,  Graces,  and  Ver- 
tues,  &c.,  for  the  Use  of  his  Country-Parishioners,  espe- 
cially the  Younger  and  Pious  Persons.  By  a  Clergy-Man 
of  the  Country.  With  a  Dedication  to  Bp.  Ken.  8vo. 
pp.  79.  Henry  Bonwicke.  London,  1699»" 

Did  these  poems  reach  a  second  edition  ? 

DANIEL  SEDGWICK. 
Sun  Street,  City. 

BULLOKAR'S  "BREF  GRAMMAR." —  Can  any  of 
your  readers  tell  where  this  book  is  to  be  met 
with  ?  The  British  Museum  does  not  own  it,  for 
aught  I  could  ascertain.  Our  grammarians,  in 
enumerating  the  pioneers  on  their  field,  do  not 
fail  mentioning  Bullokar ;  but  rather  like  a  my- 
thical being,  that  everybody  has  heard  of,  but 
nobody  has  seen  with  his  own  eyes.  .  R.  T. 

JOHANNE  DE  COLET.  —  Wanted  information 
concerning  Johanne  de  Colet,  who  was  a  witness  to 
the  charter  of  foundation  granted  to  the  "  Hos- 
pitale  de  Sutton  in  agro  Eboracensi"  by  Galfridus, 
son  of  Peter,  Earl  of  Essex.  Also,  the  date  of  the 
said  charter.  Any  information  concerning  the 
family  of  Collett  will  be  acceptable.  ST.  Liz. 

STEEL. — When  was  this  word  introduced  into 
the  English  language  ?  My  object  in  asking  the 
question  is,  that  the  word  is  used  in  a  manuscript 
of  which  I  am  desirous  to  ascertain  the  date 
of  the  compilation  of  its  contents.  The  MS.  I 
have  before  me  being  a  copy  of  an  earlier  one, 
only  dates  about  1700.  I  presume  the  MS.  to  be 
a  translation  of  a  Mediaeval  work,  and  that  the 
word  "steel,"  in  conjunction  with  "iron  and 
brass,"  is  a  modern,  that  is,  a  seventeenth  century, 
interpolation.  Am  I  likely  to  be  correct  ?  W.  P. 


224 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAR.  24.  '60. 


THROWING  SNOWBALLS. — I  have  lately  met  with 
the  following  paragraph  in  the  Dublin  Chronicle, 
27th  December,  1787:  — 

"  The  practice  of  throwing  snowballs  in  the  public 
streets  is  not  less  dangerous  in  its  consequences  than  fatal 
in  its  effects,  an  instance  of  which  occurred  last  Monday 
evening: — A  gentleman  passing  through  Marybone 
Lane  was  hit  by  a  fellow  in  the  face  with  a  large  snow- 
ball, upon  which  he  immediately  pulled  out  a  pistol,  pur- 
sued the  man,  and  shot  him  dead.  Those  deluded  people 
are  therefore  cautioned  against  such  practices,  as  in  simi- 
lar circumstances  they  are  liable,  by  act  of  Parliament,  to 
be  sliot,  without  any  prosecution  or  damage  accruing  to 
the  person  who  should  fire." 

I  should  be  glad  to  know  whether  such  an  act  of 
Parliament  as  is  here  spoken  of  was  ever  enacted. 
If  so,  it  certainly  was  somewhat  strange.  ABHBA. 

"  HISTORIA  PLANTARUM." — I  shall  feel  obliged 
with  some  bibliographical  account,  collation,  date, 
where  printed,  by  whom,  value,  &c.,  of  a  Historia 
Plantarum,  of  which  I  send  you  the  first  and  last 
line  in  the  volume  ?  — 

"  Rogatu  plurion  lopu  namon  egetiQ  appotecas  " 
"  spergantur  pulueres  &  esula-  et  prouocabut  assella- 

tiATiPm  •  *J 

S.  WMSON. 


tionem : 


tm'tf) 

*'  PROMUS  AND  CONDUS." —  In  Bacon's  Advance- 
ment of  Learning  (p.  271.,  Pickering's  edition),  is 
the  following  sentence  :  — 

*'  To  resume  private  or  particular  good,  it  falleth  into 
the  division  of  good,  active  and  passive :  for  this  differ- 
ence of  good,  not  unlike  to  that  which  amongst  the  Ro- 
mans was  expressed  in  the  familiar  or  household  terms 
of  Promus  and  Condus,"  §-c. 

Can  any  classical  readers  of  "  NT.  &  Q."  throw  a 
little  light  on  this  sentence  ?  Surely  passages  in 
which  either  of  these  words  appear  are  extremely 
rare.  Smith  (Lat.  Diet.)  renders  the  word  promus, 
a  "  store  or  steward,"  and  the  •wordcondus,  as  "one 
who  lays  up  provision,"  but  with  little  farther 
illustration  of  their  meaning.  I  do  not  see  that 
Adams  in  his  Jloman  Antiquities  refers  to  the 
words  at  all.  The  pnssage  in  Bacon  is  to  me 
very  little  aided  by  the  illustration,  chiefly  from 
my  inability  to  recal  anything  to  the  purpose  in 
classic  writers.  Yet  Bacon  would  have  scarcely 
used  it  without  some  such  in  his  mind. 

FRANCIS  TRENCH. 
.    Islip. 

["  Promus  "  and  "  Condus  "  are  terms  occasionally 
used  together,  to  signify  a  household  steward.  "  Condus 
promus  sum,  procurator  peni."  Plaut.  Pseud.  2.  2. 14.  Yet 
each  word  has  its  proper  meaning.  Condus,  from  condo, 
is  one  who  stores,  or  lays  up  in  store.  Promus,  from 
promo,  is  one  who  brings  out,  or  dispenses.  Promus, 
then,  in  Bacon's  illustration,  is  "Good  active;"  and  Con- 
dus is  "  Good  pajssive."  Of  "  the  two  several  appetites  in 
creatures,"  as  Bacon  goes  on  to  observe,  "the  one,  to  pre- 
serve or  continue  themselves,  and  the  other,  to  multiply 


and  propagate  themselves,  the  latter,  which  is  active  and 
as  it  were  the  promus,  seems  to  be  the  stronger 'and 
more  worthy ;  and  the  former,  which  is  passive  and  as  it 
were  the  condus,  seems  to  be  inferior."  We  can  easily 
see  what  Bacon  means;  but  a  modern  metaphysician 
would  hardly  admit  either  the  closeness  of  the  analogy, 
or  the  aptness  of  the  illustration. 

"  PROMUS:  is,  qui  victum  familia?  ex  cella  penaria  prp- 
mit.  Differt  a  condo.  Nam  condus  est,  qui  penora  in 
cellam  penariam  recondit.  Plaut.  Pcen.  3.  4.  6.  Pseud.  2. 
2.  14.  Colum.  1.  12.  c.  3."  Forcellini  on  promus. 

"Promus  est  qui  debet  habere  penes  se  rationes  ex- 
pensi ;  condus  qui  accepti.  Apud  potentiores  haec  duo 
munera  distinguebant:  apud  alios  idem  erat  condus  qui 
et  promus;  unde  uno  verbo  dicebatur,  'prornuscondus.' " 
Plaut.  Valpy.  Note  on  Pcen.  3.  4.  6-] 

MARY  CHANNING.—  About  a  quarter  of  a  mile 
from  Dorchester  is  an  amphitheatre,  called  Mam- 
bury,  or  Maumbury.  It  has  been  generally 
considered  a  Roman  work,  and  Dr.  Stukeley  cal- 
culated that  it  would  accommodate  as  many  as 
12,960  spectators  in  its  ample  area.  To  this  re- 
mark the  Guide  Book  adds  :  — 

"  Its  capabilities  were  tested  in  the  year  1705,  when 
the  body  of  Mary  Channing  was  burnt  here  after  her 
execution.  Ten  thousand  persons  are  said  to  have  as- 
sembled on  that  occasion." 

Allow  me  to  request  some  information  relative 
to  Mary  Channing,  and  the  crime  for  which  she 
suffered  death  and  was  afterwards  burnt ;  it  must 
have  caused  great  excitement  at  the  time. 

D.  W.  S. 

[Mary,  daughter  of  Richard  Brookes  of  Dorchester, 
was  married  to  Mr.  Richard  Channing,  a  grocer,  by  com- 
pulsion of  her  parents;  but  keeping  company  with  some 
former  gallants,  she  by  her  extravagance  almost  ruined 
her  husband,  and  then  poisoned  him  by  giving  him  white 
mercury,  first  in  rice-milk  and  twice  afterwards  in  a 
glass  of  wine.  At  the  summer  assizes,  1705,  she  was 
tried  before  Judge  Price,  made  a  notable  defence,  was 
found  guilty  and  condemned,  but  pleaded  ex  necessitate 
legis.  She  was  remanded,  and  delivered  of  a  child  eleven 
weeks  before  her  death.  At  the  Lent  assizes  following, 
she  was  recalled  to  her  former  sentence,  and  was  first 
strangled,  then  burnt,  in  the  middle  of  the  area  of  the 
celebrated  monument  of  antiquity,  Mambmy,  on  March 
21,  1705,  set.  19. ;  but  persisted  in  her  innocence  to  the 
last.  See  Serious  Admonitions  to  Youth,  in  a  Short  Ac- 
count of  the  Life,  Trial,  and  Execution  of  Mrs.  Mary 
Channing,  Lond.  1706.] 

JAMIESON'S  SCOTTISH  DICTIONARY.  —  In  look- 
ing over  the  newest  volume  of  Bonn's  edition  of 
Lowndes,  I  stumbled  on  a  point  which  wants 
clearing  up,  as  it  concerns  the  above- designated 
standard  work.  Bolm  mentions  a  second  edition 
of  the  date  1840,  only  in  an  abridged  form,  in 
two  volumes,  and  Quaritch,  in  his  Museum,  de- 
cidedly denies  the  existence  of  a  second  edition  of 
the  entire  work.  But  Allibone  as  decidedly  gives 
the  distinct  description  of  a  second  and  enlarged 
edition  in  four  volumes,  1840-4,  by  Johnstone,  in- 
cluding (1.)  the  two  original  volumes,  and  (2.)  the 
Supplement  separately  ;  a  statement  whose  cor- 
rectness I  should,  on  account  of  so  awkward  an 


2»<»  S.  IX.  MAR.  24.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


225 


arrangement,  feel  inclined  to  doubt,  if  Messrs. 
Willis* &  Sotheran  did  not  offer  a  real  copy  of  the 
above  description  for  sale.  Which  is  right  ? 

F.  S. 

[The  edition  of  Jamieson  which  we  have  before  us  is 
in  four  volumes,  each  volume,  from  I.  to  IV.,  bearing  the 
date  of  1841.  But  these  volumes  have  in  addition  their 
own  proper  title-pages.  Vols.  I.  and  II.  are  there  de- 
scribed as  The  Etymological  Dictionary  of  the  Scottish 
Language,  by  Robert  Jamieson.  The  second  edition  care- 
fully revised  and  collated,  with  all  the  Additional  Words  in 
"the  Supplement  incorporated,  and  their  most  popular  signi- 
fications briefly  given  f>y  John  Jolmstonc.  In  two  volumes. 
"Edinburgh,  1841).  \Vliilethespecial  titles  of  Vols.  III.  and 
IV.  describe  them  as  Supplement  to  the  Etymological 
Dictionary  of  the  Scottish  Language.  In  two  volumes, 
which  two  volumes,  we  may  add,  are  dated  Edin- 
burgh, 1825.  The  explanation  is  simply  this,  that 
while  fill  the  words  in  the  Supplement  are  incorporated  in 
the  Dictionary  all  the  explanations  and  illustrations  are 
not.  The  Supplement  is  therefore  still  essential  to  the 
completion  ot  the  work.] 

BRITISH  SCYTHED  CHARIOTS. — In  the  New  Rug- 
beian  of  last  month  (a  periodical  brought  out  at 
Rugby  every  month,  and  contributed  to  by  pre- 
sent as  well  as  old  Rugs),  there  is  an  article  dis- 
proving the  common  belief  that  the  ancient 
feritons  used  chariots  with  scythes  on  the  spokes 
of  the  wheels.  The  writer  says  there  is  not  the 
slightest  mention  of  them  in  Caesar  or  Tacitus, 
since  "  Essedarii "  in  Ceesar,  and  "  Covini "  in 
Tacitus,  mean  only  "  war  chariots,"  and  are 
spoken  of  just  as  we  use  "cavalry"  or  "ar- 
tillery." The  writer  then  goes  on  to  derive 
"  covini,"  which  he  says  is  identified  with  the 
Celtic  kowain,  which  is  our  English  "  wain."  He 
then  says  that  the  first  idea  of  British  scythed  cha- 
riots was  introduced  by  Pomponius  Mela,  the 
geographer,  and  the  poet  Silius  Italicus.  Would 
any  correspondent  be  kind  enough  to  give  his 
opinion  on  the  subject,  as  it  would  be  a  great 
point  to  disprove  an  unfounded  statement,  and  so 
general  a  belief.  FUIMUS. 

[The  wheel-carriages  and  war-chariots  of  the  ancient 
Britons  are  mentioned  by  Greek  and  Roman  authors 
under  various  appellations,  viz.  Benna,  Petoritum,  Currus, 
Covinus,  Esseda,  and  Rheda.  The  Benna,  as  the  name 
implies,  was  a  state  or  chieftain's  carriage,  and  used 
rather  for  travelling  than  for  war.  The  Petoritum,  so 
called  from  having  four  wheels,  was  larger  than  the 
former,  and  used  probably  as  a  family  vehicle.  The 
Currus  was  the  common  cart  or  waggon  used  in  time  of 
peace  for  the  purpose  of  agriculture  and  merchandise, 

1  in  time  of  war  for  conveying  baggage,  &c.  The 
Covinus  was  a  lightly  constructed  car,  armed  with 

ythea  or  hooks  for  cutting  or  tearing  through  all  ob- 

icles.    (Con/.  Mela,  iii.  6. ;  Lucan,  i.  426. ;  Silius,  xvii. 

82.)  The  occupants  (covinarii)  of  these  formidable 
carriages  seem  to  have  constituted  a  regular  and  distinct 

irt  of  a  British  army.     (See  Tacit.  Agric.  35.  and  36., 

Becker's  note ;  Bbttieher's  Lexicon  Tacit,  s.v.,  and 

Becker's    Callus,  i.  222.)     The  Esseda  or  Essedum  was 

o  a  war-chariot,  larger  than  the  last  mentioned,  but 

it  armed  with  scythes.  The  method  of  using  the  esse- 
dum  in  the  ancient  British  armies  was  verv  similar  to 


the  practice  of  the  Greeks  in  the  heroic  ages.  The 
drivers  of  these  were  designated  Essedarii.  (Caes.  B.  G. 
iv.  24.)  There  were  about  4000  of  them  in  the  army  of 
Cassivelaunus.  The  Rheda  appears  to  have  been  very 
similar  to  the  covinus  and  cssedum.  It  was  of  Gallic 
origin. 

That  the  Ancient  Britons  used  scythed  chariots  in  war 
was  never  questioned  till  the  Marquis  de  Lagoy  published, 
in  1849,  his  elaborate  work  On  the  Arms  and  Instruments 
of  War  of  the  Gauls,  in  which  his  inquiries  are  extended 
to  other  nations,  and  among  them  to  the  Britons.  That 
antiquary  found  among  the  medals  of  Julius  Caesar  of  the 
consular  series  one  commemorating  (as  ho  concludes)  his 
conquests  in  Britain.  On  this  a  trophy  is  represented, 
composed  of  such  arms  as  might  have  been  used  by  a 
British  warrior,  viz.  a  helmet,  a  sword,  shields,  spears,  &c., 
and  lastly  a  chariot,  at  the  foot  of  the  trophy,  which  the 
Marquis  assigns,  as  well  as  the  other  implements  of  war, 
to  the  Britons.  The  representation,  however,  of  the  sup- 
posed war-chariot  is  so  exceedingly  small  (smaller,  in 
fact,  than  the  shield  which  figures  beside  it)  as  to  leave 
the  question  respecting  the  actual  form,  &c.  of  the  ancient 
British  covinus  much  in  the  same  state  as  the  Marquis 
and  his  two  predecessors,  Vaillant  and  Morell  (whom  he 
compels  to  his  aid)  found  it.  We  shall  be  happy  to  re- 
ceive the  opinions  of  some  of  our  classical  correspondents 
and  antiquaries  on  this  interesting  subject,  which  we 
think  deserves  farther  investigation.] 

"  To  KNOCK  UNDER." — Unde  derivatur  ?  Allow- 
ing that  the  phrase  has  the  force  of  submitters  [?], 
what  can  knock  mean  in  such  a  connexion  ? 

CLAMMILD. 

Athenaeum  Club. 

tits  equivalent,  "to  knuckle  under,"  appears  to  be  the 
older  phrase.  To  knuckle,  properly  to  bend,  to  bow,  to 
kneel.  Hence,  originally,  to  knuckle  under  meant  simply 
to  bend  under,  to  yield,  to  submit,  to  kneel.  From  a 
modern  misapprehension  of  the  expressions  to  knuckle 
under  and  to  knock  under,  people  sometimes,  when  they 
use  the  phrase,  knock  under  the  table  with  their  knuckles, 
suiting  the  action  to  the  word.  There  is  also  the  expres- 
sion "  to  knock  under  the  table."  This  also  appears  to  be 
a  modern  misapplication.  Knuckle  was  formerly  the  knee 
(we  still  say  "a  knuckle  of  veal").  Hence  to  knuckle 
under,  meaning  to  kneel.~\ 

JOHN  NEVILL,  MARQUIS  or  MONTAGU.  —  Can 
you  inform  me  who  was  the  wife  of  John  Nevill, 
Marquis  of  Montagu  (brother  of  the  famous 
king-maker),  and  whether  they  had  any  descend- 
ants or  not  ?  HAROLD. 

[Sir  John  Nevill,  Marquess  of  Montagu,  married  Isabel, 
daughter  of  Sir  Edmund  Ingoldesthorp,  Knt,  and  had 
issue  two  sons,  George  and  John,  and  five  daughters, 
Anne,  Elizabeth,  Margaret,  Lucy,  and  Isabel.  Consult 
Burke's  Extinct  Peerages,  art.  NEVILL,  for  the  marriages, 
&c.  of  the  children.] 

His  MAJESTY'S   SERVANTS.  —  When  was   this 
terra  first  employed  as  applicable  to  actors  ?     I 
|  find  that  after  the  Restoration  it  was  again  re- 
vived :  — 

"As  formerly  since  the  coming  in  of  His  Ma*y  the 
players  have  been  called  the  King's  servants  and  the 
Duke's  servants.  They  now  perform  at  the  great 
Play-House  in  Lincoln's-Inn -Fields,  called  Sir  William 
Davenant's  house,  and  at  Salisbury  House,  where  they 
commonly  act  *  The  Changeling.'  Now  at  this  day 


226 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


g.  IX.  MAR.  24.  '60. 


players  are  called  her  Highness  the  Duchess  of  York's 
servants  (French  Players)."-— J/S.  Diary,  Aug.  16GI. 

ITH  URIEL. 

[Most,  if  not  all,  of  Shakspeare's  plays  were  performed 
at  the  Globe,  or  the  theatre  in  Blackfriars.  It  appears 
that  they  both  belonged  to  the  same  company  of  come- 
dians, viz.  His  Majesty's  servants  —  which  title  they  as- 
sumed after  a  licence  had  been  granted  them  by  James  I. 
in  1603,  having  been  before  that  time  called  the  servants 
of  the  Lord  Chamberlain."  —  Genest's  Hist,  of  the  Stage, 
i.  3.] 


DONNYBROOK,  NEAR  DUBLIN. 
(2nd  S.  viii.  129.;  ix.  171.) 

In  reply  to  your  correspondents,  ABHBA  and 
C.  LE  POER  KENNEDY,  I  beg  to  inform  them  that 
the  ancient  spelling  of  this  name  in  the  Irish 
language  is  Domhnach-broc,  "the  Church  of  Broc," 
or  Saint  Broc. 

Domhnach  (Dominica  domus),  is  a  frequent 
element  in  Irish  topographical  names  :  as  Domh- 
nach-patruic,  now  Donaghpatrick  ("the  Church 
of  Patrick"),  co.  Meath  ;  Domhnach-mor,  now 
Donaghmore  ("  the  Great  Church"),  a  name  given 
to  several  places  in  Ireland  ;  Domhnach  Maighen 
("  Church  of  St.  Maighen"),  now  Donaghmoyne, 
co.  Monaghan,  &c. 

.  Douenachbrock*,  the  old  Anglicised  spelling  of 
the  name  "  Dornhnachbroc,"  very  well  represents 
the  Irish  pronunciation,  if  we  read  Don  as  if  Dow, 
to  rhyme  with  the  English  word  how,  and  pro- 
nounce the  e  short.  We  find  also,  in  the  Anglo- 
Irish  authorities,  the  spelling  of  Dunhambroke, 
Dondbrohe,  &c.,  which  are  corrupt:  although  the 
latter  approaches  very  nearly  the  present  pronun- 
ciation of  the  name  Donny~brooh. 

The  name  of  St.  Broc  does  not  occur  in  the 
Irish  Martyrologies  ;  but  she  is  mentioned  in  the 
unpublished  work  of  Aengus  the  Culdee,  On  the 
Mothers  of  the  Saints  of  Ireland,  and  again  in  the 
Genealogy  of  the  Saints  of  Ireland,  attributed  to 
the  same  author,  —  both  which  tracts  are  pre- 
served in  the  valuable  MS.  called  the  "  Book  of 
Leacan,"  now  in  the  library  of  the  Royal  Irish 
Academy.")" 

As  this  author  flourished  in  the  latter  half  of 
the  eighth  century  J,  St.  Broc  must  have  lived  in 
or  before  that  period,  if  we  receive  the  works 
alluded  to  as  genuine.  They  are  repeatedly 
quoted  as  the  genuine  works  of  Aengus  by  Col- 


*  Dean  Butler,  in  his  edition  of  the  Registrum  Prlora- 
tus  omnium  Sanctorum  (published  by  the  Irish  Archseol. 
Society),  spells  this  name  Donenahcbroch  (p.  67.)  But 
this  is  a  mistake. 

f  The  tract,  On  the  Mothers  of  the  Saints,  is  now  ready 
for  publication  by  the  Irish  Archteol.  and  Celtic  Society, 
with  a  translation  and  notes  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Reeves. 

J  See  Ware's  Writers  of  Ireland,  ed.  Harris,  p.  51.  sq. 


gan,  in  his  Acta  Sanctorum  Hibernia*,  but  it  is 
more  than  probable  that  they  have  been  inter- 
polated. So  that  the  absence  of  her  name  from 
the  Martyrologies  (including  the  Metrical  Mar- 
ty rology  of  Aengus  himself),  militates  undoubt- 
edly against  this  early  date. 

In   the   tract,    On  the   Mothers   of  the  Saints 
("  Book  of  Leacan,"  fol.  34.  a.  a.),   St.  Broc  is 
enumerated  amongst  the  seven  daughters  of  Dall- 
bronach  in  these  words  :  — 
"  Secht  ningena  la  Dallbronach,  de  quibus  dicitur :  — 

Broicseach,  Sanct-broc,  Cumman,  Caemell, 

Fainche,  Findbarr,  Feidelm, 

Secht  ningena  sin  adeirim, 

Dallbrcnaigh  adfcidim." 

I  make  no  apology  for  translating  this  : ' — 

"  Dallbronach  had  seven  daughters,  of  whom  the  poet 
says : — 

Broicseach,  St.  Broc,  Cumman,  Caemel, 
Fainche,  Findbarr,  Feidelm, 
These  the  seven  daughters,  I  say, 
Of  Dallbronach,  I  relate." 

And  asfain,  in  the  book  Of  the  Genealogies  of 
the  Saints  ("Rook  of  Leacan,"  fol.  46.  b.  b.)  :  — 
"  Secht  ningena  Dallbronaich,  do  Dal-Concobair,  las  na 
Desib  breg,  anso 

Broicsech 
Sanct-Broc 
Cumain 
[Caemel] 
Fuinche 
Finbarr 
Feidil." 
Which  may  be  thus  translated  :  — 

"  The  seven  daughters  of  Dallbronach,  of  Dal-Concho- 

bhair,  of  the  Desii  of  Bregia,  viz. :  —  " 

[Then  follow  the  same  names  as  before,  with  the  excep- 
tion of  Caemel,  which  is  necessary  in  order  to  make  up 
the  number  of  seven.] 

We  know  nothing  of  this  Dallbronach,  except 
what  we  learn  from  this  short  notice,  viz.  that  he 
was  of  Dal-Conchobhair  (the  territory  of  the  Con- 
nors), in  Desii  of  Bregia,  now  the  barony  of 
Deece,  in  the  south  of  the  co.  Meath,  called  also 
the  Desii  of  Tara.  See  Dr.  O'Donovan's  note 
(Four  Wasters,  A.D.  753,  p.  356.). 

Although  no  records,  so  far  as  I  know,  exist  of 
the  ancient  monastic  establishment  of  St.  Broc  at 
Donnybrook  (for  it  had  probably  ceased  to  exist 
before  the  English  invasion  of  Ireland  in  the 
twelfth  century),  it  seems  certain  that  there  was 
what  we  would  now  call  a  nunnery  there  in  an- 
cient times,  from  the  following  notice  of  St.  Mobi, 
in  the  "  Martyrology  of  Donegal"  (MS.)  at  the 
30th  of  September  i  — 

"  Mobi  Cailleach  Domhnaigh  Broc." 
(i.  e.  Mobi,  a  nun  of  Donnybrook.) 

J.  H.  TODD. 
Tryiity  College,  Dublin. 

*  See  Act.  SS.,  p.  52.  n.  5. ;  p.  142.  n.  33. ;  p.  189.  n. 
6. ;  p.  783.  n.  2,  3.     Trias  Thaum.,  p.  477.  col.  2.  ct  alibi. 


2nd  S.  IX.  MAR.  24.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


227 


NICHOLAS  UPTON. 
(1st  S.  x.  437.) 

In  "  N.  &  Q-"  some  time  since  appeared  a  short 
notice  of  Nicolas  Upton,  the  writer  on  heraldry, 
wherein  it  is  stated  that  it  is  supposed  that  he  was 
a  native  of  Devon,  and  a  younger  son  of  the  family 
of  Upton  of  Puslinch,  ar.d  a  cadet  of  the  still 
older  family  of  Upton  of  Trelaske  in  Cornwall. 

In  this  statement  your  correspondent  most  na- 
turally follows  the  authority  of  the  worthy  Prince 
(p.  743.,  Prince's  Worthies  of  Devon),  who  says 
that  of  the  two  seats  of  the  Upton  family  in  De- 
von, Lupton,  and  Postlinch,  it  is  most  likely 
Nicholas  Upton  might  be  born  at  the  latter. 

Now  I  should  not  be  indisposed  to  appro- 
priate the  honour  of  being  able  to  attribute  to 
the  good  old  Doctor  that  spot  as  his  birth-place, 
which  so  many  assign  him ;  but  I  fear  the  truth 
will  not  bear  us  out  in  so  doing. 

On  the  authority  of  Prince,  who  follows  Ful- 
ler, Dr.  Nicholas  Upton,  having  spent  his  younger 
years  at  Oxford  in  study,  was,  in  1428,  with  Thos. 
Montague  Earl  of  Salisbury  at  the  siege  of  Or- 
leans, where  the  latter  fell  on  Nov.  3.  After  this  he 
returned  to  Oxford,  and,  being  taken  under  the 
patronage  of  Humphrey  Duke  of  Gloucester,  was 
made  canon  of  the  church  of  Wells,  into  which 
office  he  was  admitted  in  1431.  He  finally  held 
the  living  of  Stapulford  in  Sarum  diocese  in  1434, 
and  was  admitted  canon  of  Salisbury,  and  in  1446 
was  installed  as  chauntor  of  the  same  church,  and 
died  at  Salisbury  in  1457. 

It  is  clear  from  these  facts  that  Nicholas  Upton 
must  have  been  born  near  the  commencement  of 
the  fifteenth  century  ;  and  if  so,  the  question  is  at 
once  settled  with  regard  to  his  being  born  at 
either  Puslinch  or  Lupton.  At  that  early  period 
the  family  of  Upton  had  not  settled  in  Devon, 
and  in  proof  of  this  it  may  interest  your  readers 
to  give  a  slight  sketch  of  the  family  anterior  to 
that  time. 

The  old  family  of  Uppeton  or  Upton  had  its 
origin  at  their  seat  Uppeton  or  Upton  in  the 
parish  of  Lewannick,  near  Launceston  in  Corn- 
wall, where  about  the  time  of  King  Richard  I. 
John  Upton  was  seated.  To  him  succeeded  An- 
drew Upton  his  son,  who  was  followed  by  his  son 
Hamlyn,  and  he  by  his  son  John  ;  to  John  suc- 
ceeded Richard  Upton,  who  married  Agnes  the 
daughter  of  Walter  Carnother  of  Carnother,  Corn- 
wall ;  to  him  succeeded  John  Upton,  who  mar- 
ried Margaret,  sister  and  coheiress  of  John  Moels 

Trelaske,  by  which  match,  I  imagine  (although 
the  old  family  pedigrees  give  the  heiress  of  Tre- 

:e  as  wife  to  one  of  the  earlier  generations  of 

the  house  of  Upton),  the  Uptons  became  possessed 

'  the  manor  of  Trelaske  ;  for  I  find  in  1276  that 

ohn  de  Mules  and  Mirabella  his  wife,  sister  and 

ir  of  Laureutius  Trelloske,  redeem  the  lands  of 


Trelloske,  Trescawell,  and  Northill  in  Cornwall, 
the  lands  of  the  said  Laurence,  of  the  yearly  value 

/»••»•  i  J  J 

or  xiiiu. 

John  Upton  and  Margaret  Mules  his  wife  had 
issue  Thomas  Upton,  who  in  divers  deeds  *  styles 
himself  Dominus  de  Trelaske.  He  married  Joane, 
daughter  and  heiress  of  Sir  John  Trelawny  (she 
died  1464),  leaving  three  sons  and  one  daughter 
IsabeLf 

His  first  son  John  Upton  died  in  his  father's 
lifetime  leaving  a  son  William,  who  became  heir 
to  his  grandfather  in  1470  J,  and  who  styled  him- 
self Dmus  de  Treloske.§  He  appears  to  have  been 
unjustly  kept  out  of  his  inheritance  by  his  uncle 
William  ;  for  in  1474  there  is  a  process  of  eject- 
ment against  William  Upton  carried  into  execu- 
tion at  Trelaske  by  John  Fortescue  the  sheriff.  || 
He  did  not  however  long  survive,  for  in  1477 
(his  son  Thomas  having  died  in  his  father's  life- 
time), he  leaves  by  will  Trelaske,  Uppeton,  Tre- 
wynne,  Hayes,  Treswin,  and  Penventon,  to  his 
uncles  William  and  John  Upton. 

William  Upton,  the  second  son  of  Thomas  Up- 
ton and  Joan  a  Trelawny,  on  this  succeeded  to 
Trelaske  and  St.  Winnowe,  and  by  the  daughter 
and  heiress  of  Richard  Palmer  left  a  son  and  heir, 
John,  who  left  a  son  and  heir  Galfrid  Upton  of 
Trelaske,  who  joins  in  a  fine^f  passed  in  1556  on 
Trelaske,  Uppeton,  Trewyn,  Lawannecke,  Tre- 
wyn-down,  Vowell-more,  and  Northill,  with  his 
cousin  William  Upton  of  Poselynche,  grandson  of 
his  great  uncle  John  Upton,  third  son  of  Thomas. 

This  Trelaske  branch  did  not  flourish  much 
longer  at  the  old  family  seat ;  for  at  the  end  of 
the  sixteenth  century  two  heiresses  brought  Tre- 
laske to  one  brother,  and  St.  Winnow  to  another 
brother  of  the  family  of  Lower,  both  branches  of 
which  have  long  since  alienated  this  moiety  of  the 
property. 

John,  the  third  son  of  Thomas  Upton  and 
Joana  Trelawny,  was  the  first  of  the  Upton 
family  who  settled  in  Devon.  The  cause  of  this 
was  his  marriage  with  Elizabeth,  daughter  and 
heiress  of  Sir  William  Mohun  of  Poselynche  in 
Newton  Ferrers  parish,  and  in  the  Hundred  of 
Ermington  in  1460.  He  died  in  1489,  leaving 
issue  two  sons  John  and  William,  and  he  left 
Poselynche  in  Devon  and  Uppeton  in  Cornwall 
to  his  son  John  Upton.  His  second  son  William 
Upton**  married  Eganys,  daughter  and  heiress  of 
John  Pennelles,  or  Peverel  of  Lupton  ff,  and  be- 
came the  ancestor  of  the  Uptons  of  Lupton.  This 
branch  in  the  fourth  generation  had  three  brothers, 


*  Penes  John  Yonge  of  Puslinch. 

t    Vide  her  will,  penes  John  Yonge. 

j  Copy  of  Chancery  suit,  penes  J.  Y. 

§  Penes  John  Yonge  of  Puslinch. 

||  Deed,  penes  J.  Y.  } 

T  Ibid. 

**  His  will,  penes  John  Yonge. 

tf  Chancery  suit  copy,  penes  John  Yonge. 


228 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«*  S.  IX.  MAR.  24.  '60. 


the  eldest  of  whom,  John,  was  a  knight  of  Malta, 
whose  tomb  is  still  to  be  seen  in  the  church  of 
St.  John's  at  Malta.  The  next  generation  of  this 
line  about  the  end  of  the  sixteenth  century  gave 
a  younger  son  Henry,  who,  going  to  Ireland, 
founded  Castle  Upton,  and  became  the  progeni- 
tor of  the  Barons  Templetown  of  Castle  Upton. 
From  a  younger  generation  again  of  the  Upton 
family  sprang  the  branch  of  Glyde  Court.  The 
present  representative  of  the  Lupton  branch  re- 
sides at  Ingmire  Hall  in  Westmoreland,  in  conse- 
quence of  a  marriage  by  his  ancestor  with  the 
heiress  of  that  place. 

John  Upton  of  Poselynche  married  Elizabeth 
daughter  of  John  Burleigh  of  Clannacombe,  De- 
von, and  had  issue,  1.  John;  2.  Nicolas;  3.  Wil- 
liam ;  4.  Thomas ;  Elizabeth,  Agnes,  and  Marga- 
ret. John,  the  eldest,  born  in  1498,  died  s.  p. 
1527,  having  married  Elizabeth  the  daughter  of 
Patrick  Bellew,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  bro- 
ther Nicolas  in  Poselynche.  This  Nicolas,  who 

having  married  Edburga,  the  daughter  of 

Troise  of  Hampshire,  died  s.  p.  in  1568,  cut  a 
considerable  figure  as  farmer  of  the  Devonshire 
lands,  particularly  Yealmpton  and  Stokenham*,  of 
Margaret  Plantagenet,  the  Countess  of  Sarum,  the 
daughter  of  George  Duke  of  Clarence  and  Isabel 
Neville.  On  his  death  he  was  succeeded  in  Pose- 
lynch  by  his  brother  William,  in  whose  line  the 
succession  was  perpetuated. 

It  is  this  Nicolas  Upton,  then,  whom  Prince 
supposes  to  be  Dr.  Upton  the  Herald ;  but  from 
the  date  of  his  death  it  will  be  clear  to  every  one 
that  he  cannot  be  the  learned  Chauntor  of  Salis- 
bury. Through  William  Upton,  the  third  brother, 
who  succeeded  Nicolas  by  a  descent  of  six  gene- 
rations, came  an  heiress,  Mary  Upton,  who  mar- 
ried in  1726  James  Yonge  of  Plymouth,  by  whose 
great-grandson  Puslinch  is  still  held. 

It  is  quite  clear,  then,  that  neither  Lupton 
nor  Puslinch  can  boast  of  being  the  birth-place  of 
our  hero.  If  he  came  of  this  family  of  Upton  at 
all,  he  must  have  had  his  birth-place  at  Trelaske 
or  Upton  before  the  time  of  Thomas  Upton  and 
Joana  Trelawney. 

There  were,  however,  many  other  families  of 
Upton  in  different  counties  of  England  at  a  very 
early  period,  but,  I  confess,  to  none  of  them  have 
I  been  able  to  trace  the  Doctor. 

A  DESCENDANT  or  THE  UPTONS. 

P.S.  In  a  pedigree  given  by  Burke  in  his 
Landed  Gentry,  under  the  head  of  "  Upton  of 
Ingmire  Hall,"  I  see  that  a  great  error  is  com- 
mitted in  the  children  of  Thomas  Upton  of  Tre- 
laske and  Joana  Trelawny  his  wife.  His  son  and 
heir  is  called  Arthur,  and  is  made  father  of  Jef- 
frey. I  know  this  to  be  incorrect,  for  I  have  scraps 
of  pedigrees  attached  to  the  fine  passed  by  Jeffrey 


*  Chancery  suit  copy,  penes  John  Yonge. 


in  1556,  in  which  the  family  is  drawn  out  in  its 
different  branches  with  great  minuteness.  I  have 
said  before  that  Thomas  Upton's  sons  were  three : 
John,  William  (the  progenitor  of  Jeffrey),  and 
John  of  Poselynche.  This  third  son,  John  of 
Poselynche,  had  two  sons  John  and  William  of 
Lupton  ;  not  John  and  John,  as  Burke  says  in  the 
same  pedigree,  and  quotes  Play  fair  as  an  autho- 
rity. Playfair  must  have  mistaken  his  authority, 
for  it  is  evident  the  two  brothers  called  John  were 
sons  of  Thomas  Upton.  I  have  certain  evidence 
that  the  first  Upton  who  settled  at  Lupton  was 
William. 


THE  SINEWS  OF  WAR. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  103.) 

Cicero,  in  his  Fifth  Philippic  Oration,  c.  2, 
uses  the  expression,  "  nervi  belli,  pecunia  infinita." 
The  truth  of  the  received  saying  that  money  is 
the  sinews  of  war,  is  contested  by  Machiavelh  in 
his  Discorsi,  written  in  1516.  See  Disc.  ii.  10. 
"I  danari  non  sono  il  nervo  della  guerra,  secondo 
che  e  la  comune  opinione."  In  this  discourse 
Maichiavelli  states  that  the  saying  in  question  is 
employed  by  Quintus  Curtius  on  the  occasion  of 
the  war  between  Antipater  and  the  King  of 
Sparta.  According  to  his  citation  Quintus 
Curtius  describes  Agis  as  compelled  by  want  of 
money  to  give  battle ;  whereas,  if  he  had  been 
able  to  defer  the  engagement  for  a  few  days,  the 
news  of  Alexander's  death  would  have  reached 
Greece,  and  Agis  would  have  conquered  without 
fighting.  The  historian,  says  Machiavelli,  de- 
clares for  this  reason  that  money  is  the  sinews  of 
war.  I  have  not  succeeded  in  finding  the  passage 
indicated  by  Machiavelli.  The  account  of  the 
defeat  and  death  of  Agis  occurs  at  the  mutilated 
beginning  of  the  sixth  book — but^it  contains  no 
such  remark  as  Machiavelli  describes.  The 
chronology,  moreover,  does  not  agree  with  his 
representation  of  the  circumstances  in  which  Agis 
was  placed,  and  of  the  advantage  which  he  would 
have  gained  by  the  delay  of  a  few  days  :  for  the 
death  of  Agis  took  place  about  October  331  B.C., 
and  the  death  of  Alexander  did  not  occur  till 
June  323  B.C.,  nearly  eight  years  afterwards.  L. 

A  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q."  of  this  date 
inquires  whether  the  expression  "  Money  the 
sinews  of  war,"  can  be  traced  to  its  source.  I 
beg  to  refer  him  to  Tacitus,  Hist.  lib.  ii.  c.  84. 
"  Sed  nihil  seque  fatigabat  quam  pecuniarum 
conquisitio  :  eos  es.se  belli  civilis  nervos  dictitans 
Mucianus  non  jus  aut  verum  in  cognitionibus,  sed 
solam  magnitudinem  opum  spectabat."  It  is  thus 
rendered  by  Sir  Henry  Savile :  "  But  the  greatest 
difficultie  was  to  get  money :  which  Mutianus 
affirming  to  be  the  sinews  of  civill  warre,  respected 


S.  IX.  MAE.  24,  '60.} 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


229 


lot  law  or  equitie  in  judgements,  but  only  what 
<vay  to  procure  masses  of  money."  I  will  not 
warrant  the  correctness  of  Sir  Henry's  transla- 
tion, except  as  far  as  this  particular  expression  is 
concerned.  W.  N.  L. 

The  ancient  writers  who  employ  this  expres- 
sion or  others  nearly  resembling  it,  are  quoted  by 
Me'nage  (on  Diog.  Laert.  iv.  49)  and  by  Meineke 
(in  Schneidewin's  Philologus,  vol.  iii.  pp.  320,  321). 
The  three  passages  most  to  the  purpose  are  in 
Cic.  Philipp.  v.  c.  2.  §.  5  (nervos  belli,  pecuniam 
infinitam)  ;  Schol.  Find.  Olymp.  i.  4  (yevpa  rov 
rroXf/j.ov  6  xpvffts) ;  and  in  Georgius  Pisida,  a 
!  Byzantine  writer  of  the  seventh  century,  HeracL  i. 

163  (vevpa  rrjy  /uox^s  6  TrAoDros). 

A  reference  to  any  good  lexicon  will  show  that 
a  similar  metaphorical  use  of  the  word  "sinew" 
is  to  be  found  in  Demosthenes ;  and  Diodorus 
Siculus,  as  emended  by  Meineke  (£  c.),  proves 
that  "Money  the  sinews  of  business"  was  a 
familiar  proverb  in  the  time  of  Augustus. 

J.  E.  B.  MAYOR. 

St.  John's  College,  Cambridge.  » 

For  earlier  uses  of  the  above  phrase,  see— • 

1.  Cicero,  Phil.  v.  2.  §  5.  "Nervi  belli,  pecunia 
infinita." 

2.  Cicero,  Pro  Lege  Manilla,  7.  §  17.  "Vecti- 
galia  nervos  esse  reipublicae  semper  duximus." 

3.  Tacitus,  Hist.  ii.  84.     "^Nihil  seque  fatigabat 
quam    pecuniarum    conquisitio :     eos    esse    belli 
civilis  nervos  dictitans,"  &c.    P.  J.  F.  GANTILLON. 


BUNYAN'S  "PILGRIM'S  PROGRESS"  (2nd  S.  ix. 
195.)  — Did  Bunyan  glean  from  the  Wandering 
Knight  ?  — 

"...    Ithuriel  with  his  spear 
Touch'd  lightly ;  for  no  falsehood  can  endure 
Touch  of  celestial  temper." — Paradise  Lost,  iv.  810. 

'Tis  passing  strange  that  ITHURIEL  could  find 
any  likeness  with  the  pilgrim's  Slough  of  Despond 
and  the  Wandering  Knight.  He  having  lived  in 
the  palace  of  Worldly  Felicity  went  out  upon  his 
horse  Temerity  with  a  noble  company  hawking. 
"  In  our  pasture  I  breathed  my  horse,  and  sud- 
denly saw  the  palace  sink  into  the  earth,  with 
everybody  therein.  Then  did  arise  a  whirl- wind 
and  Earth-quake,  which  set  us  all  asunder,  in 
so  much  that  I  and  my  horse  sunk  in  mire  up  to 
the  saddle,  with  an  air  of  brimstone,  and  nothing 
near  me  but  serpents — snakes  —  adders,  and 
venomous  worms.  I  fell  in  despair  —  wailed  — 
howled  —  scratched  my  face,  and  called  myself  a 
wretch,  an  ass,  a  miserable  fool."  In  this  way  he 
goes  on  for  two  chapters.  At  length  a  lady  of 
marvellous  majesty  catne  to  him  in.  white  satten  — 


her  face  like  the  sun  —  and  helped  him  out  of  this 
beastly  bog  —  leaving  his  horse,  and  governess 
Folly,  to  fish  for  frogs."  If  ITHURIEL  will  turn  to 
Psalm  Ixix.  he  will  find  a  much  more  probable  idea 
of  the  groundwork  in  composing  that  part  of  the 
Pilgrim.  I  have  again  read  the  Wandering  Knight, 
and  again  assert  my  conviction,  that  if  Bunyan 
had  seen  it,  which  is  not  at  all  likely,  there  "  is 
no  similarity"  whatsoever  between  it  and  the  Pil- 
grim's Progress  to  shake  the  solemn  assertion  of 
its  talented  author  : 

"  Manner  and  matter  too  was  all  mine  own, 
The  whole  and  ev'ry  wnit  is  mine." 

Advertisement  to  the  Holy  War. 
GEORGE  OFFOR. 

EAST  ANGLICAN  PRONUNCIATION  (2nd  S.  viii. 
483.) — The  remark  that  "many  things  considered 
vulgarisms  are  not  so  "  is  very  applicable  to  the 
dialect  of  the  Eastern  Counties.  None  but  a 
native  familiar  with  the  peasantry  can  fully  under- 
stand the  extent  to  which  it  is  there  exemplified. 
It  applies  not  only  to  Anglo-Saxon  words  pre- 
served and  handed  down  traditionally,  but  also, 
in  many  instances,  to  what  is  usually  regarded  as 
merely  a  vulgar  pronunciation.  A  real  Norfolk  or 
Suffolk  man  is  familiar  with  the  use  of  the  terms 
in  the^rs^  column  subjoined,  as  bearing  the  inter- 
pretation in  the  second.  They  betray  their  deri- 
vation from  the  A.-S.  words  in  the  third. 


Cbist 
Dou 

Ellus       - 
From 
Frinds     - 
Hommer 
Iss 

Kittle     - 
Meowun  - 
Mettock  - 
Midlin    - 
Narther  - 
Neffy      - 
Rume 
Sheere     - 
Sleow 
Sond 

Swurd  - 
Yeow  - 
Yow 


-  Chest 

-  Dove 

-  Ale-house 

-  Frozen    - 

-  Friends  - 

-  Hammer 

-  Yes 

-  Kettle     - 

-  Mown 

-  Mattock  - 

-  Middling 

-  Neither  - 

-  Nephew  - 

-  Room 

-  Share      - 

-  Slow       - 

-  Sand 

-  Sword    - 

-  You 

-  Ewe 


-  Cist. 

-  Duna. 

-  Eal-hus. 

-  Froren. 

-  Frind. 

-  Homer. 

-  Ise. 

-  Cytel. 

-  Meowen. 

-  Mettoc. 

-  Midlen. 

-  NauSer. 

-  Nefa. 

-  Rum. 

-  Scear. 

-  SMaw. 

-  Sond. 

-  Swurd. 

-  Eow. 

-  Eown. 


No  doubt  many  other  examples  might  be  ad- 
duced. The  Suffolk  ploughboy  is  a  better  scholar 
than  we  take  him  to  be.  S.  W.  Kix. 

Beccles. 

SYMBOL  or  THE  Sow  (2nd  S.  ix.  102.)—  We 
may  often  pursue  symbolism  too  far,  and  I  think 
Mr.  D'AVENEY  does  this,  when  he  seeks  for  a 
legendary  meaning  in  a  sow  and  litter  of  pigs 
carved  on  the  shouldering  of  a  stall  end.  The 
young  pigs  being  ten  in  number  it  may  perhaps 
have  reference  to  ecclesiastical  tithe;  it  can  hardly 
be  a  rustic  version  of  the  beautiful  symbol  of  the 
"  pelican  in  her  piety."  Most  likely,  like  many 


230 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  IX.  MAR.  24.  '60 


other  mediaeval  ornaments,  it  originated  in  the 
taste  or  fancy  of  the  artist,  who  in  a  rustic  place 
would  borrow  examples  for  ornament  from'  the 
scenes  around.  The  stall  ends  at  Tuttington 
(SS.  Peter  and  Paul),  Norfolk,  are  ornamented 
with  figures  and  animals,  some  engaged  in  rural 
occupations  ;  among  others  the  process  of  milking 
and  churning,  and  other  dairy  operations,  are  re- 
presented. Ornaments  of  this  kind  are  generally 
found  in  a  later  style  of  architecture,  and  were 
designed  without  any  mystic  meaning,  religious 
or  otherwise  ;  and  although  perhaps  likely  to  up- 
set the  gravity  of  some,  they  would  not  disturb 
the  minds  of  villagers,  but  the  exhibition  of  such 
familiar  objects  might  lead  them  to  acknowledge 
His  power  in  whose  house  they  were. 

G.  W.  W.  MINNS. 

I  beg  leave  to  inform  H.  D'AVENEY  that  the 
legend  to  which  he  refers  is  no  doubt  that  of 
St.  Guthlac.  There  is  or  was  over  the  west  door 
of  Croyland  Abbey  (which  he  founded),  some 
sculpture  where  he  is  represented  in  a  boat 
coming  to  land,  where  lies  a  sow  and  pigs  under 
a  willow  tree.  For  the  legend  tells  us  that  St. 
Guthlac  was  directed  by  the  spirit  to  fix  his 
station  by  a  place  where  he  should  find  a  sow 
suckling  her  pigs,  thus  rendered — 

"  The  sign  I'll  tell  you,  keep  it  well  in  mind, 
When  you  in  quest,  by  river  side  shall  find 
A  sow  in  color  white,  of  largest  size. 
Which  under  covert  of  the  willow  lies ; 
With  thirty  pigs  so  white,  a  numerous  race ; 
There  fix  your  city,  'tis  the  fatal  place." 

J.  W.  BROWN. 

LORD  ELDON  A  SWORDSMAN  (2nd  S.  ix.  121.) — 
If  Nix  puts  the  correct  date  to  the  volume  he 
quotes,  i.  e.  1781,  the  dedication  could  not  be  ad- 
dressed to  Lord  Eldon  as  Attorney-General.  He 
was  not  raised  to  that  office  till  April,  1793  ;  and 
had  scarcely  been  known  in  the  Courts  in  1781. 
He  received  a  silk  gown  in  1783,  and  was  pro- 
moted to  the  Solicitor- Generalship  in  June,  1788. 
In  1799,  he  became  Chief  Justice  of  Common 
Pleas,  and  in  1801  received  the  Seals  as  Lord 
Chancellor.  There  must  be  some  mistake,  there- 
fore, in  the  person  or  the  date.  LEGALIS. 

"THE  TARANTULA"  (2nd  S.  ii.  310.) —  If  this 
work  was  written  by  the  same  person  who  wrote 
The  Rising  Sun,  the  name  of  the  author  was  I 
think  Thomas  Pike  Lathy.  See  a  list  of  his  works 
in  Watt's  Bibliotheca,  and  also  Biographical  Dic- 
tionary of  Living  Authors,  1816.  R.  INGLIS. 

15  MY  EYE  AND  BETTY  MARTIN  "  (2nd  S.  ix.  171.) 

—  I  copied  the  phrase— "Mihi  et  Beati  Martini" 

—  from  the    Gentleman  s   Magazine,    more   than 
sixty  years  ago.     I  regarded  the  phrase,  and  so  I 
have  no  doubt  did  MR.  URBAN,  as  a  mere  play 
upon  the  words  —  a  joke,  or  pun.    Priscian's  head 


is  often  bruised  without  remorse,  in  the  perpetra- 
tion of  such  things ;  and  such  flimsy  obstacles  as 
orthography  and  syntax  broken  through  in  de- 
fiance of  law  and  rule.  Either  of  the  amendments 
which  IGNORAMUS  supplies  will  remedy  the  defect 
in  the  phrase  which  I  have  quoted ;  but  at  the 
same  time  essentially  blunt  the  point  of  the  jeu 
de  mots  intended. 

If  IGNORAMUS  will  turn  to  my  communication 
(2nd  S.  ix.  73.),  he  will  find  that  I  only  "half 
in  earnest"  held  the  quoted  Latin  phrase  to  be 
the  origin  of  the  English  one,  and  added  that  it  was 
the  only  one  I  had  ever  heard,  and  that  I  should 
be  glad  to  be  favoured  with  others.  It  is  really 

"  Breaking  a  butterfly  upon  the  wheel," 
to  mar  a  joke  by  insisting  that  it  should  be  ex- 
pressed with  strictly  grammatical  exactness. 

PISHEY  THOMPSON. 

Stoke  Newington. 

"THINKS  I  TO  MYSELF"  (2nd  S.  ix.  64.)  — I 
am  a  little  surprised  to  see  that  the  authorship  of 
Thinks  I  to  myself  is  given  to  a  gentleman  of  the 
name  of  Dennys,  or  to  any  one  but  the  well- 
known  and  acknowledged  author,  the  Rev.  Ed- 
-ward  Nares,  D.D.  Some  of  his  other  works  were 
certainly  of  a  graver  character,  viz.,  Memoirs  of 
W.  Cecil,  Lord  Burleigh ;  Remarks  on  the  Uni- 
tarian Version  of  the  New  Testament ;  Elements 
of  General  History,  a  continuation  of  Professor 
Ty tier's  work;  but  Lowndes  adds,  "  Dr.  N ares 
is  also  the  author  of  a  popular  novel,  entitled 
Thinks  I  to  myself,  and  of  Heraldic  Anomalies,  an 
entertaining  work,  presenting  much  curious  in- 
formation." My  late  friend  Archdeacon  Nares 
always  spoke  of  the  work  as  written  by  his  rela- 
tive. J.  H.  MARKLAND. 

FRENCH  CHURCH  IN  LONDON  (2nd  S.  ix.  199.)— 
I  shall  be  much  obliged  to  M.  THG.,  if  he  will  put 
me  in  the  way  of  examining  the  French  Prayer 
Book  of  1552,  which  he  has  described  at  p.  199. 
I  have  lately  found  here,  in  our  Public  Library,  a 
copy  of  a  French  New  Testament — "imprime  a 
Londres,  1553"  —  a  small  8vo.  volume,  printed  in 
Roman  letter,  but  of  which  I  have  not  as  yet  been 
able  to  find  any  notice,  or  to  trace  another  copy. 
The  type  of  this  Testament  does  not  resemble 
that  of  any  English  books  of  Edward's  reign  with 
which  I  am  acquainted,  and  I  am  anxious  there- 
fore to  compare  it  with  the  Prayer  Book.  It  is 
well  known  that  Edward  VI.  granted  Letters  Pa- 
tent in  favour  of  the  French  Congregation  in 
London ;  and  I  have  reason  to  believe  that  their 
Records  are  not  only  very  well  kept,  but,  thanks 
to  those  in  office,  at  present  very  easy  of  access. 
These,  too,  might  possibly  throw  some  light  upon 
the  former  owner  of  the  Prayer  Book,  Johannes 
Dalaberus,  as  well  as  upon  Galterus  Delcenus 
(the  Editor  of  the  Latin  New  Testament  printed 
at  London  by  Mayler  in  1540)  ;  also,  I  believe,  a 


I**  S.  IX.  MAR.  24.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


231 


•  French  Protestant,  and  about  whom  I  am  looking 
for  some  information. 

It  is  most  desirable  to  make  a  Note  of  these 

volumes,  as  they  are  some  of  the  very  few  relics 

which  time  has  spared  of  the  early  days  of  this 

French  settlement.  HENRY  BRADSHAW 

Cambridge. 

SCOTTISH    BALLAD    CONTROVERSY  (2nd   S.  ix 
118.)  —  I  must  give  my  opinion,  contrary  to  that 
[:,3f  J.  M.,  that  the  internal  evidence  is  of  import- 
Dance,  and  that  there  is  force  in  Mr.  Chambers' s 
i  argument,  that  the  theory  of  a  gradual  change  ol 
!  language  by  reciters  —  besides  that  it  is  wholly 
I  gratuitous — is  inadmissible  in  compositions  that 
I]  appear  so  perfect  and  so  elegant— so  peculiar  in  a 
;  freedom  from  all  vulgar  admixture.     J.  M.'s  pre- 
ference of  Aberdour  on  the  coast  of  Aberdeen- 
shire  for  Aberdour  on  the  Frith  of  Forth,  though 
I  rf  no  conceivable  consequence  in  the  case,  is  ex- 
li  actly  contrary  to  probability,  seeing  that  the  latter 
||  is  connected  by  nearness  with  the  other  scenery 
i  3f  the  ballad.     It  might  very  naturally  serve  as  a 
j  port  for  Dunfermline.     J.  M.  is  quite  at  sea  about 
a,  brother  of  Lady  Wardlaw  who  wrote  or  im- 
proved "  Gilderoy."     There  not  only  never  was  a 
i  Sir  Alexander  Halket,  as  he  is  aware,  and  as  was 
pointed  out  by  Mr.  Chambers,  but  to  no  such 
person  was  the  writing  of"  Gilderoy"  attributed. 
The  song  of  "  Ah  Chloris  "  to  the  tune  of  Gilderoy 
was  (erroneously)  attributed  to    Sir  Alexander 
Halket,   in  the  contents  of  Johnson's   Museum, 
drawn  up  by  Burns  ;  and  some  subsequent  editors 
mistakingly  supposed  that  the  authorship  of  "  Gil- 
deroy "  was  meant.     As  to  Sir  Patrick's  grave  in 
Orkney,  let  J.  M.  give  us  something  better  than 
likelihood  or  tradition.  PHILO-BALEDON. 

REV.  JOHN  GENEST  (2nd  S.  ix.  65.  108.)— I  am 
enabled,  through  the  kindness  of  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Whewell,  to  give  the  following  extract  from  the 
admission  book  of  Trinity  College,  relating  to 
Mr.  Genest :  — 

"  1780,  Maii  9.  Admissus  est  Pens.  Johannes  filius 
Johannis  Genest  de  Dunker's  Hill  in  Devonia  e  schola 
Westmonast.  sub  pnesidio  D'ris  Smith,  ann.  nat.  17.  Mro 
Collier  Tut." 

Mr.  Genest  took  his  degree  of  B.A.  in  1784, 
and  M.A.  in  1787.  R.  INGLIS. 

MAN  LADEN  WITH  MISCHIEF   (2nd   S.   ix.  90. 
2.)  —  Your  correspondent  has  omitted  to  state 
that  the  padlock  to  the  chain  binding  the  "  mis- 
chief" on  the  "  man,"  is  inscribed  Wedlock. 

B.  B.  WOODWARD. 

DONNELLAN  LECTURES  (2nd  S.  ix.  70. 153.)— The 

Donnellan  Lectures  of  1854  by  Rev.  C.  P.  Reichel, 

>.,  are  said  by  'AAicfo  not  to  have  been  pub- 

They  were  published  in  1856  under  the 

e  of  The  Nature  and  Offices  of  the  Church,  by 

J.  W.Parker  &  Son.  D.  S.  E. 


THE  SOCIETY  OF  DILETTANTI  (2nd  S.  ix.  201.) 
— A  writer  of  an  article  on  "The  Society  of  Di- 
lettanti," in  Chambers's  Journal  of  March  24, 1860, 
tells  us  that  James  Stuart,  the  Editor  of  The  An- 
tiquities of  Athens,  is  "  better  known  as  Walking 
Stuart."  Pray  inform  the  readers  of  that  Journal 
that  there  is  as  little  resemblance  between  Athe- 
nian Stuart  and  Walking  Stewart  as  between 
Harvey  and  Hervey  — 

"  The  one  invented  sauce  for  fish, 
The  other  Meditations." 

Most  persons  too  are  under  the  impression  that 
James  Stuart  and  Nicholas  Revett  were  cele- 
brated architects,  not  painters.  J.  Y. 

THE  LABEL  IN  HERALDRY  (2nd  S.  ix.  80. 131.)— 
To  this  charge,  when  borne  as  a  Difference,  va- 
rious meanings  have  been  assigned,  one  only  of 
which  has  been  noticed  in  your  correspondent's 
reply.  Leigh  enumerates  several  in  his  Accedence 
of  Armorie,  but  hesitates  in  coming  to  a  decision 
on  the  subject : — 

"  The  First.  He  beareth  Argent,  a  File  with  3  Lam- 
beaux  Azure,  for  a  difference.  Some  will  call  them  a 
Labell  of  3  pointes,  which  I  referre  to  your  judgement, 
whether  it  be  better  said,  a  file  with  tonges  or  a  tonge 
of  3  pointes,  because  therefore  you  may  understande  the 
matter  the  better,  you  shall  have  the  opinion  of  writers. 
Upton  calleth  them  points,  such  as  appertaineth  to  men's 
garments,  saying,  that  they  may  bee  borne  to  the  num- 
ber of  9,  either  even  or  odde.  Budeus  affirmeth,  that 
they  are  tongues,  and  may  not  be  borne  but  odde.  Alcia- 
tus  writeth,  that  they  are  plaites  or  ploytes  of  garments. 
Barthole  calleth  them  Candelles.  Thus  because  they  are 
most  ancient  writers,  and  cannot  agree  among  them- 
selves, being  judges  of  these  matters,  I  leave  them,  and 
say  to  you  that  this  is  the  first  of  the  'nine  differences 
of  brethren,  and  is  for  the  heire  and  eldeste  sonne.  Ho- 
norius  saytb,  that  one  of  these  labels  betokeneth  the 
father,  the  other  betokeneth  his  mother,  the  middlemost 
is  borne  for  himselfe." 

Query.  Is  the  Accedence  of  Armorie  a  rare 
book  now-a-days  ?  ROBERT  V.  TIDMAN. 

"  When  a  label  is  borne  as  a  difference,  the  pendants, 
according  to  G.  Leigh,  signify  that  he  is  but  the  third 
person.  The  dexter  pendant  referring  to  his  father,  the 
sinister  to  his  mother,  and  the  middle  one  to  himself."  — 
Porny's  Elements  of  Heraldry,  p.  46. 

SELRACH. 

The  quotation  from  Boyer  sent  by  SENEX  Ju« 
NIOR,  though  showing  its  probable  connexion 
with  the  costume  of  the  Middle  Ages,  neither  con- 
veys any  idea  of  its  symbolic  meaning  nor  ex- 
plains why  it  is  borne  by  eldest  sons.  Looking  at 
ihe  common  signification  of  the  word  u  label,"  it 
"nfers  a  sign  or  token  of  something.  Is  it  at  all 
connected  with  the  "Redemption  of  the  First- 
born?" The  REV.  T.  BOYS  (2nd  S.  vii.  52.)  speak- 
ng  of  the  mark  set  on  the  foreheads  of  those  in- 
habitants of  Jerusalem  whom  divine  mercy  had 
pared,  says  that  it  probably  bore  the  shape  of  the, 
-f-  or  "[".  These  are  not  far  removed  from  the 
abel  in  shape,  but  there  is  another  Hebrew  letter, 


232 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX  MAR.  24. 


the  Schin,  £>,  which  in  its  form  bears  a  still  closer 
resemblance  to  the  label.  This  letter  is  borne  by 
the  Jew  on  theTefilafor  the  head, — said  to  be  there 
placed  as  the  first  letter  of  SHADDAI,  the  Almighty. 
Is  this  in  any  mysterious  way  connected  with  the 
label  ?  M.  G. 

FYE  BRIDGE,  NORWICH  (2nd  S.  ix.  162.)  —  Ex- 
TRANEUS  has  lighted  on  a  clerical  error  for  "  Fif- 
brigge,"  which  was  one  way  of  spelling  the  name. 
Blomefield's  etymology  is,  as  usual,  incorrect. 
There  is  good  evidence  that  it  was  the  first,  or 
one  of  the  first,  built  bridges  in  Norwich.  My 
father,  who  had  paid  great  attention  to  questions 
of  this  kind,  regarded  it  as  signifying  "Five 
Bridges,"  —  a  thing  not  at  all  improbable,  as  St. 
Michael's  Bridge  was,  till  the  beginning  of  the 
present  century,  triple;  and  wherever  fords  have 
been  in  these  rivers  (and  there  must  have  been  one 
here,  if  not  a  bridge,  in  the  time  of  the  Romans), 
the  water  flows  through  two,  three,  or  more  chan- 
nels. The  most  cursory  inspection  of  the  Ord- 
nance Map  will  show  that  this  is  the  case. 

B.  B.  WOODWARD. 

MALSH  (2nd  S.  ix.  63.)  —  The  word  malsh  or 
melch  is  evidently  the  old  form  of  mellow.,  with 
which  it  coincides  in  the  fundamental  meaning  of 
soft.  The  final  guttural  of  the  German  is  in  a 
great  number  of  words  represented  in  English  by 
ow.  Thus  Balg  becomes  bellow ;  Fur  die,  furrow, 
Sorge,  sorrow ;  and  likewise  melch  is  softened  into 
mellow.  Cognate  words  are  /iaAa/ccJy,  mollis  and 
mild.  W.  IHNE. 

Liverpool. 

DONKEY  (2nd  S.  ix.  131.)  —  To  the  inquiry  of 
ACHE,  why  a  donkey  is  universally  called  in  Nor- 
folk "  a  dickey,"  I  imagine  that  no  better  answer 
can  be  given  than  by  another  inquiry :  Why,  in 
the  West  of  England,  the  same  animal  is  always 
called  "  a  neddy."  The  one  of  course  is  the  fa- 
miliar name  for  Richard,  the  other  for  Edward. 
The  choice  of  either  is  purely  arbitrary.  But  the 
ass  is  not  "universally"  called  "a  dickey"  in 
Norfolk;  we  hear  "donkev"  everv  day  almost  as 
often."  F.  C.  H. 

COMPTJTTJS,  ETC.  (2nd  S.  ix.  52.  147.)-— In  illus- 
tration of  the  use  of  "  computus  "  by  itself  in  the 
sense  of  "  an  account  of  money,"  it  may  be  worth 
while  to  refer  to  the  Statutes  of  King's  College, 
Cambridge,  and  Eton  College  (temp.  Hen.  VI.), 
published  by  Longman,  1850.  Statutes  52,  53, 
54,  55,  56,  of  King's  College  (pp.  136-140.),  and 
Statutes  39,  40,  41,  42  of  Eton  College  (pp.  581- 
584.),  will  supply  plenty  of  instances  of  the  use  of 
"  computus"  in  the  sense  of  which  I  have  spoken. 
I  copy  parts  of  the  headings  of  some  of  these  Sta- 
tutes— 52,  p.  136.,  "  De  computo  ministrorum  in- 
trinsecorum  omnium  et  extrinsecorum ; "  54,  p. 
139.,  "  Quomodo  auditores  computi  habent  aliis 


statum  Collegii  post  computum  intimare ; "  56,  p. 
140.,  "De  indenturis  computi  post  computum  fien- 
dis,"  &c.  The  words  computus,  computatio,  com- 
putabilis,  and  parts  of  the  verb  computo,  occur 
fifty-six  times  in  the  nine  statutes  above  referred 
to,  always  with  reference  to  "  an  account  of 
money."  •  SELRACH. 

CLERGY  PEERS  AND  COMMONERS  (2nd  S.  ix.  124.): 
CLERICALM.PS. — In  the  short  biographic  sketches 
of  the  members  of  the  previous  parliament  (under 
Lord  Derby)  given  in  the  Illustrated  London  News, 
there  occurs  in  it  one  or  two  names  of  those  who 
are  described  as  Dissenting  Ministers.  The  clergy 
were  excluded  from  parliament  in  1536.  Whether 
or  not  this  Act  was  repealed,  or  fell  into  disuse 
like  many  others,  I  cannot  at  the  present  moment 
state.  But  at  all  events  an  act  was  passed  in 
1801  for  the  purpose  of  depriving  the  clergy  of 
the  right  to  sit  in  the  House  of  Commons,  termed 
the  "  Clergy  Incapacitation  Act."  If  divines  are 
in  their  proper  sphere  on  the  magisterial  bench  (?), 
I  think  it  may  be  fairly  said  they  are  when  in  the 
great  council  of  the  nation.  RALPH  WOODMAN. 
-New  Coll. 

The  late  Mr.  Henry  Drummond,  M.P.  for  West 
Surrey,  is  the  only  instance  I  recollect  of  a  dis- 
senting minister  sitting  in  Parliament.  Mr.  Drum- 
mond belonged  to  the  sect  styling  themselves 
"  the  Holy  Catholic  Apostolic  Church,"  but  who 
are  more  popularly  known  as  Irvingites ;  their 
principal  place  of  worship  is  in  Gordon  Square. 
In  the  Irvingite  community  Mr.  Drummond  held 
three  high  offices,  being  a  (so-called)  Apostle, 
Evangelist,  and  Prophet.  Of  these  three  orders 
he  was  the  head,  and  as  such  was  styled  "  the 
Pillar  of  the  Apostles,  the  Pillar  of  the  Prophets, 
and  the  Chief  Evangelist."  J.  A.  PN. 

FERDINAND  SMYTH  STUART  (2nd  S.  viii.  495.)— 
I  have  waited  in  hopes  that  this  Query  would 
have  attracted  the  attention  of  some  one  more 
competent  to  answer  it.  On  reading  it  I  at  once 
identified  one  of  the  sons  inquired  after  with 
Constantino  Wentworth  Stuart,  whom  I  remem- 
ber in  Chapman's  house  at  Charterhouse,  up  to 
1823,  or  thereabouts  ;  when  he  left,  and  I  think, 
went  to  Cork  as  private  tutor  to  the  son  of  an 
Irish  gentleman.  He  held  afterwards,  I  think, 
some  very  subordinate  place  in  the  Customs  at 
Liverpool.  Of  his  brother  I  never  heard,  but  I 
have  some  recollection  that  he  had  a  sister,  several 
years  older  than  himself,  married  and  settled 
either  in  Canada  or  in  the  United  States,  and 
that  for  many  years  C.  W.  Stuart  corresponded 
with  this  sister.  As  BRISTOLIENSIS  inquires  after 
the  sons  only,  I  presume  he  is  acquainted  with 
the  fortunes  of  the  sister ;  and  an  inquiry  ad- 
dressed to  her  family  might  perhaps  gain  later 
information  than  I  am  able  to  afford. 

CARTHUSIANUS. 


2nd  s.  ix.  MAR.  24.  »80.j  KOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


233 


ETC.  (2nd  S.  ix.  81.)  —  Allow  me  to 
offer  the  following  solutions  of  the  obscure  terms 
in  the  inventory  of  church  goods  at  Bodmin, 
1539:  — 

"  It.  Too  coopes  of  white  Satyn  of  bregis. 

"  It.  Too  coopes  of  red  saty  n  of  bregis." 

By  bregis  is  here  intended  Bruges  in  West 
FJanders,  which  was  at  this  time  the  great  mart  of 
textile  fabrics,  and  especially  of  silken  stuffs,  which 
had  been  introduced  from  Italy.  The  manufac- 
ture of  silk  was  not  introduced  into  England 
until  the  beginning  of  the  seventeenth  century, 
although  worn  by  the  English  clergy  long  be- 
fore. 

"  It.  A  pere  of  vestments  called  molybere. 

"It.  A  front  of  molyber." 

A  vestment  and  "  frontal  '*  of  a  dark  purple  or 
mulberry  colour. 

"  It.  3  vant  clothes. 

"  It.  A  boxe  of  every  with  a  lake  of  silver." 

Other  hangings  for  the  altar,  with  a  "  pyx "  or 
"  reliquary  "  of  ivory  with  a  silver  lock. 

"  It.  One  Jesus  cotte  of  purple  sarcenett. " 
"  It.  4  tormeteris  cotes." 

These  last  items  were  part  of  the  furniture  for 
representing  the  mystery  of  the  passion  of  Christ, 
the  four  "  cotes  "  being  for  the  tormentors  of  our 
Lord.  Steevens,  on  the  subject  of  these  mys- 
teries (Shaksp.  vii.  170.),  mentions  the  tormentor 
of  the  devil,  called  Vice ;  and  describes  his  dress, 
which  consisted  of  a  long  jerkin,  a  cap  with  ass's 
ears,  and  a  dagger  made  of  thin  lath,  and  worn  at 
the  back,  with  which  dagger  he  was  to  make  sport 
and  belabour  the  devil.  The  tormentor  seems  to 
have  been  the  buffoon  in  these  blasphemous  orgies, 
and  was  the  original  of  Harlequin  in  our  modern 
pantomimes.  G.  W.  W.  MINNS. 

In  an  inventory  of  "  all  such  goods  as  apper- 
tain to  Saint  Benet,  Gracechurch,  written  out  the 
16th  day  of  February,  1560"  (printed  in  Hierur- 
gia  Anglicana,  p.  147.),  is  mentioned  amongst 
other  things 

"A  vestment  of  blue  satin  of  Bruges." 
This  will  explain  the  meaning  of  Bregis ;  molybere 
is  douhtless  mulberry,  or  murrey- coloured ;  and 
tormeteris  is  tormeteris  or  tormentors,  characters 
who  took  a  prominent  part  in  the  Easter  pageants. 
Fanf-clothes  are  ^/cw^-clothes.  In  the  inventory 
above  referred  to  is  mentioned 

"  A  churching-cloth  fringed,  white  damask. 

"  A  boxe  of  every  with  a  lake  of  silver." 
Meaning  a  box  of  ivory  with  a  lock  of  silver. 

J.  EASTWOOD. 

May  I  suggest  that  "  satyn  of  bregis  "  is  satin 

Bruges,  and  that  "a  box  of  every  with  a  lake  of 
silver,"  may  be  a  box  of  ivory  with  a  lock  of  sil- 
ver ?  Is  it  possible  that  "molybere"  and  "  moly- 
ber "  represent  mulberry  ?  SELRACH. 


MOTTO  FOB  A  VILLAGE  SCHOOL  (2ndS.ix.  143.) — 

"  Wisdom  is  a  tree  of  life  to  them  that  lay  hold  upon 
her."— Prow.  iii.  18. 

"There  is  nothing  so  much  worth  as  a  mind  well  in- 
structed."— Eccles.  xxvi.  14. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

I  beg  to  offer  to  a  COUNTRY  RECTOR  a  few 
mottoes,  which  appear  to  me  appropriate.  The 
following  is  an  original  version  of  the  well-known 
Radix  doctrines  amara,  etc. : — 

"  Bitter  is  learning's  root, 
But  sweet  is  learning's  fruit." 

Another,  from  Dryden's  Juvenal :  — 

"  Children,  like  tender  oziers,  take  the  bow, 
And,  as  they  first  are  fashioned,  always  grow." 

Or,  a  similar  distich,  well  known  :  — 

"  'Tis  education  forms  the  youthful  mind ; 
Just  as  the  twig  is  bent,  the  tree  's  inclined." 

Another :  — 

"  Delightful  task,  to  rear  the  tender  thought, 
To  teach  the  voting  idea  how  to  shoot." 

F.  C.  H. 

"  Learning  is  labour,  call  it  what  you  will ; 
Upon  the  youthful  mind  a  heavy  load, 
Nor  must  we  hope  to  find  the  royal  road. 
Some  will  their  easy  steps  to  science  show, 
And  some  to  heaven  itself  their  by-way  know ; 
Ah !  trust  them  not, — who  fame  or  bliss  would  share, 
Must  learn  by  labour,  and  must  live  by  care." 

ITHTJRIEL. 

THE  COUNTRY  RECTOR  has  set  us  a  hard  task. 
I  have  found  it  so.     Accept  the  following :  — 
"  Knock  and  it  shall  be  opened." 

"  Enter  and  find  pasture." 

"  For  HEAVEN  and  EARTH  1 " 

[A  net]  "  For  love  and  not  for  spoil  1 "  —  Keble. 

"  Let  him  that  is  athirst  —  come." 
"  SEED  TIME  now  —  HARVEST  hereafter." 

"  This  is  the  way,  walk  ye  in  it." 

"  They  that  seek  me  early  shall  find  me." 

"  Laying  up  in  store  a  good  foundation." 

"  It  is  good  to  be  here.'? 

Nix. 

NECK  VERSE  (2nd  S.  ix.  83.) —  I  apprehend 
that  there  was  no  particular  verse  appointed  for 
this  use,  and  that  it  lay  with  the  ordinary,  or  pre- 
siding judge,  to  fix  the  verse  which  was  to  save  a 
criminal's  neck  from  stretching  in  a  hempen  rope. 
I  collect  this  from  a  curious  passage  in  the  report 
of  probably  the  last  trial  at  which  this  ordeal  was 
applied  in  these  realms,  at  least  in  Ireland,  being 
"  Proceedings  of  the  Array  of  Wicklow  in  Ire- 
land, March,  168|-."  "  Witnesses  came  in  against 
'three  fellows:'  *  Cavenagh,'  'Poor,'  and  'Bo- 
land.'  "  After  a  trial  marked  by  many  curious 
particulars,  "the  jury  retiring,  and  returning 
soon  again,  brought  in  Poor  and  Boland  guilty  ; 
Cavenagh  not  guilty."  "  The  ordinary  being  called 


234 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAR.  24.  »60. 


to  give  Boland  and  Poor  the  book  'for  their 
clergy,'  the  presiding  judge  addressed  him  in 
these  terms :  — 

"  Judge  Keatinge  (to  the  Ordinary).  '  Sir, — I  expect  a 
true  rule  from  you,  as  if  I  were  there  myself.  The  times 
are  so  (the  crisis  of  the  Revolution)  that  we  must  forget 
"bowels  of  mercy."  Ordinary  do  your  duty — what  place 
do  you  show  them  ?  ' 

"  Ordinary.  '  My  Lord,  I  show  them  the  50th  Psalm.' 
"  Judge  Keatinge.  *  Let  them  read  the  5th  verse  :  this 
is  an  act  of  mercy,  and  I  know  not  why  it  should  not  be 
in  Irish  rather  —  the  Country  language.  It  was  formerly 
in  Latin,  because  the  Roman  Church  had  their  works  in 
Latin.' " 

("  The  Ordinary  returned  them  both) — non  legit"} 

Upon  this  curious  passage  1  remark,  that  though 
the  judge  changed  the  verse,  and  the  ordinary 
changed  the  psalm,  yet  that  both  probably  in- 
tended to  follow  ancient  usage  in  this  matter  :  for 
it  will  be  perceived  on  comparison,  that  the  psalm 
which  Nares  numbers  as  the  51st,  is  the  50th  in 
the  Vulgate  version,  and  is  one  probably  chosen 
from  its  applicability  to  the  case  of  a  condemned 
criminal  appealing  to  mercy :  whereas  the  50th 
in  our  version,  or  51st  in  the  Vulgate,  would  have 
no  reference  at  all  to  the  circumstances. 

The  remark  of  the  judge,  in  selecting  the  5th 
verse  (50th,  Vulgate), — that  "this  is  an  act  of 
mercy"  —  would  have  no  pertinence  at  all  as  ap- 
plied to  the  5th  verse  of  the  50th  psalm  as 
numbered  in  our  version.  Two  things  therefore 
appear  to  me  probable  :  first,  that  Nares  (being 
right  as  to  the  psalm  used)  hastily  took  the 
number  from  the  Prayer  Book,  or  authorised  ver- 
sion ;  while  on  the  other  hand  the  ordinary,  re- 
ferring to  the  old  precedents  of  giving  benefit  of 
clergy  in  the  days  of  Romanism,  took  the  num- 
bering from  them,  and  thence  from  the  Vulgate 
enumeration.  A.  B.  R. 

Belmont. 

HYMNS  (2nd  S.  ix.  71.)  —  Your  correspondent 
very  properly  animadverts  on  the  piecemeal  na- 
ture of  modern  compilations  of  hymns  ;  but  most 
of  them  have  even  a  worse  fault,  in  that  the  com- 
pilers, either  from  being  unable  to  appreciate  the 
original  image,  or  in  order  to  suit  their  own  no- 
tions of  propriety,  take  the  most  unwarrantable 
liberties  with  these  compositions,  so  as  in  many 
cases  -utterly  to  take  out  the  pith  of  the  senti- 
ment, or  even  to  make  nonsense  of  the  passage. 
Compare  the  following  improvements  (?)  in  Cot- 
terill's  Selection  of  a  well-known  hymn  :  — 

"  When  we  can  view  our  prospect  clear,  &c. 

And  dry  our  weeping  eyes. 
We  then  can  smile  at  all  their  rage." 

And  especially  in  this  verse,  where  the  metaphor 
is  entirely  lost :  — 

"  There  shall  we  stay  our  weary  souls 

In  scenes  of  changeless  rest ; 
Where  not  a  wave  of  trouble  rolls 
Across  the  peaceful  breast." 


The  preceding  verse  had  spoken  of  "  cares  like 
a  wild  deluge"  and  "  storms  of  sorrow." 

Mercer,  in  this  case,  gives  the  original  version  : 

"  When  Jean  read  my  title  clear,  &c. 

And  wipe  my  weeping  eyes ; 
/  then  can  smile  at  Satan's  rage. — 

"  There  shall  I  bathe  my  weary  soul 

In  seas  of  heavenly  rest, 
And  not  a  wave  of  trouble  roll 
Across  my  peaceful  breast." 

In  which  the  metaphor  is  kept  up,  as  the  writer 
intended  and  wrote  it.  J.  EASTWOOD. 

Will  MR.  SEDGWICK  give  his  authority  for 
saying  that  Thomas  Olivers  composed  the  tune  to 
the  hymn,  "  Lo !  he  comes  in  clouds  descend- 
ing ?  "  The  air  to  which  the  words  are  usually 
sung  in  churches  is  that  of  a  song  in  The  Golden 
Pippin,-^ 

"  Guardian  angels,  now  protect  me, 
Send  to  me  the  youth  I  love." 

WM.  CHAPPELL. 

ORIGIN  OF  "COCKNEY"  (2nd  S.  ix.  42.  88.)  — 
In  a  Dictionary  by  "  E.  Coles,  Schoolmaster  and 
Teacher  of  the  Tongue  to  Foreigners,"  London, 
1 733 — a  very  curious  book  in  many  respects — the 
meanings  of  the  word  are  thus  given  :  — 

"  COCKNEY,  a  child  that  sucks  long,  wantonly  brought 
up ;  one  born  and  bred  in  London,  or,  as  they  say,  within 
the  sound  of  Bow  bell;  also  an  ancient  name  of  the 
RivQr  Thames,  or,  as  others  say,  the  little  brook  by 
Turnmil  Street." 

This  tends  to  corroborate  the  original  meaning 
assigned  to  the  word  by  Mr.  Wedgwood,  as  quoted 
by  your  correspondent  MR.  SKETCHLEY.  How- 
ever, I  beg  leave  to  differ  from  Mr.  Wedgwood  as 
to  the  meaning  of  the  Fr.  coqueliner.  It  does  not 
mean  "  to  dandle,"  &c.,  but  "  to  crow  like  a  cock," 
and  has  no  other  meaning  that  I  can  discover. 
The  Dictionnaire  de  VAcademie  does  not  admit  the 
word  at  all  into  the  main  work ;  at  least  in  my 
copy,  printed  in  1835.  I  find  it,  however,  in  the 
Complement,  1842,  where  it  stands  thus  :  "  Coque- 
liner, r.  n.  II  se  dit  du  chant  du  coq."  Nothing 
more. 

Apropos  of  the  old  dictionary  above  quoted,  it 
contains  many  old  words  which  are  not  easily  met 
with  elsewhere,  particularly  county  dialects.  In 
reference  to  a  Query  lately  proposed,  it  has  — 
"  Soote,  Sote,  O  (old)  sweet:"  and  in  reference  to 
a  most  respectable  and  powerful  party  in  the 
state  in  these  days,  it  has,  "  proh  pudor! "  "  Tories, 
Irish  outlaws!"  JOHN  WTILLIAMS. 

Arno's  Court. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

The  History  of  Herodotus.     A  new  English    Version, 
edited  with  Copious  Notes  and  Appendices,  illustrating  the 


S.  IX.  MAR.  24.  'GO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


235 


History  and  Geography  of  Herodotus,  from  the  most  recent 
Sources  of  Information,  and  embodying  the  chief  Results, 
Historical  and  Ethnological,  which  have  been  obtained  in  tht 
Progress  of  Cuneiform  and  Hieroglyphical  Discovery.  By 
George  Kawlinson,  M.A.  Assisted  by  Sir  Henry  Rawlin- 
son,  K.C.B.,  and  Sir  J.  G.  Wilkinson,  F.R.S.  Vol.  IV. 
With  Maps  and  Illustrations.  (Murray.) 

This  new  and  complete  English  version  of  the  great 
Father  of  History  is  here  brought  to  a  close  by  the  pub- 
lication of  the  fourth  volume,  which  contains,  in  addition 
to  a  Translation  of  Herodotus'  Seventh,  Eighth,  and 
Ninth  Books,  an  Appendix  to  the  former,  consisting  of 
three  Essays,  namely,  I.  On  the  obscure  Tribes  contained 
within  the  Empire  of  Xerxes.  II.  On  the  early  Migra- 
tions of  the  Phoenicians;  and  III.  On  the  Alarodians  of 
Herodotus.  This  volume,  like  its  predecessors,  abounds 
in  maps  and  woodcut  illustrations,  while  the  text  is 
profusely  annotated.  Lastly,  to  give  completeness  to  a 
work  destined  to  occupy  a  prominent  place  in  the  library 
of  every  historical  student,  it  is  furnished  with  an  ample 
List  of  Authors  and  Editions  quoted,  and  closes  with  that 
which  makes  the  best  of  books  yet  more  valuable— a 
good  and  full  Index. 

The  Book  of  the  Princes  of  Wales,  Heirs  of  the  Crown 
of  England.  By  Dr.  Doran,  F.S.A.  (Bentley.) 

We  know  no  writer  on  whom  one  can  so  readily  de- 
pend for  a  thoroughly  popular  book  on  any  given  historical 
or  biographical  theme  as  Dr.  Doran.  Gifted  apparently 
with  an  insatiable  appetite  for  reading,  he  is  fortunately 
blest  with  equal  power  of  digesting  what  he  reads;  so  that 
when  we  take  up  a  volume  of  Dr.  Doran's  we  know  that, 
thanks  to  the  fluency  of  his  pen  and  his  tact  in  telling  a 
good  story  well,  we  shall  find  a  book  as  full  of  grace  and 
gossip  as  a  French  Memoire.  The  present  Book  of  the  Princes 
of  Wales  is  no  exception  to  this  law  of  composition  on  the 
part  of  Dr.  Doran,  and  the  seventeen  biographies  which 
it  contains  will  furnish  abundance  of  pleasant  reading  to 
all,  but  especially  to  those  -who  indulge  in  a  taste  for 
Auecdotical  History. 

Biographies  by  Lord  Macaulay  contributed  to  the  Ency- 
clopaedia Britannica.  With  Notes  of  his  Connection  with 
Edinburgh,  and  Extracts  from  his  Letters  and  Speeches. 
(A.  &  C.  Black.) 

Messrs.  Black  have  paid  a  grateful  tribute  to  the  me- 
mory of  their  distinguished,  liberal  and  accomplished 
friend,  and  rendered  good  service  to  the  admirers  of  Lord 
Macaulay  by  placing  within  their  reach,  in  this  pleasant 
and  acceptable  form,  his  admirable  Biographies  of  Atter- 
bury,  Bunyan,  Goldsmith,  Johnson,  and  William  Pitt. 
These  excellent  specimens  of  his  writing  were  contri- 
buted by  him  to  the  Encyclopaedia  Britannica  after  he  had 
ceased  to  write  for  the  reviews  or  other  periodicals ;  and 
Mr.  Black  in  his  Preface  records,  as  one  of  the  many  in- 
stances of  the  kindness  and  generosity  of  his  heart,  that 
Lord  Macaulay  made  it  a  stipulation  of  his  contributing 
to  the  Encyclopaedia  that  remuneration  should  not  be  so 
much  as  mentioned.  Mr.  Black's  Notes  on  Lord  Macau- 
lay's  connection  with  Edinburgh  will  be  useful  to  the 
future  biographer  of  the  Great  Historian. 

We  may  take  this  opportunity  of  announcing  that  a 
collection  of  all  the  Inedited  Writings  of  Lord  Macaulay  is 
now  in  the  press,  and  will  be  published  as  soon  as  possible 
by  Messrs.  Longman. 

Speeches  of  the  Managers  and  Counsel  in  the  Trial  of 
Warren  Hastings.  Edited  by  E.  A.  Bond,  Assistant 
Keeper  of  the  MSS.  in  the  British  Museum.  Vol.  II. 
Published  by  the  Authority  of  the  Lords  Commissioners  of 
Her  Majesty's  Trea&ury.  (Longman.) 

Mr.  Bond  has  added  very  considerably  to  the  interest 
of  the  present  volume  by  prefixing  to  it  a  Summary  of 


Proceedings  on  the  Trial,  thereby  connecting  in  a  nar- 
rative form,  by  notices  of  the  intervening  proceedings  of 
the  Trial,  the  various  speeches  which  will  be  included  in 
the  collection.  This  narrative  appears  to  be  drawn  up 
with  great  care  and  impartiality.  In  the  present  volume 
the  trial  drags  its  slow  length  along  from  April,  1789, 
to  April,  1792.  It  commences  with  Burke's  Opening  of 
a  portion  of  the  6th  Charge,  which  is  followed  by  Anstru- 
ther's  Opening  of  the  remainder  of  it.  Foxe's  Summing 
of  the  Evidence  on  the  6th,  part  of  the  7th  and  14th 
Article  of  the  Charge  comes  next.  We  have  then  St. 
John's  Opening  of  the  4th  Charge,  and  St.  Glair's  Sum- 
ming of  the  Evidence  on  the  same  Charge;  Hastings's 
Address  is  next;  and  the  volume  concludes  with  Law's 
General  Opening  of  the  Defence,  and  Plumer's  Opening 
of  the  Defence  on  the  1st  Charge. 

A.  Popular  History  of  British  Mosses,  comprising  a 
General  Account  of  their  Structure,  Fructification,  Ar- 
rangement, and  General  Distribution.  By  Robert  M. 
Stark.  Second  Edition.  (Routledge.) 

It  seems  to  be  the  determination  of  Messrs.  Routledge, 
who  have  become  proprietors  of  the  Series  of  volumes  of 
Popular  Natural  History  originally  published  by  Mr. 
Lovell  Reeve,  not  only  to  give  the  Series  increased  cir- 
culation by  a  reduction  of  the  price,  but  by  gradually,  as 
opportunity  offers,  revising  and  improving  the  different 
volumes  of  which  it  consists.  Thus  we  have  now  before 
us  a  Second  Edition  of  Mr.  Stork's  British  Mosses,  which 
for  beauty  of  illustration  quite  rivals,  if  it  does  not  out- 
shine, any  of  its  predecessors.  The  study  of  mosses  is 
comparatively  modern ;  but  with  such  a  guide  as  this,  we 
cannot  doubt' that  it  will  soon  be  pursued  very  generally, 
more  especially  as  specimens  of  mosses  are  very  readily 
preserved,  and*  form  objects  of  great  interest  for  micro- 
scopical examination. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PURCHASE. 

LISTER'S  JOURNEY  TO  PARIS  IN  1698.    New  edition.    8vo.    1823. 
BREKNOTH'S   COMPUTED   ACCOUNT    OF  THB    WARDROBE   OF   MARGARET 
D'ANJOC.    Edited  by  Tomlinson  for  the  Dugdale  Society. 

***  Letters,  stating  particulars  and  lowest 
sent  to  MESSRS.  BELL  &  DALDT,  Put" 
QUERIES,"  186.  Fleet  Street. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses  are  given  for  that  purpose. 

THE  TIMES.    A  complete  file  of  "  The  Times  "  from  its  commencement 
(January  1, 1788),  to  the  present  time. 

Wanted  by  W.  Dawson  #  Sons,  74.  Cannon  Street,  City,  B.C. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS.     Nos.  1.  and  2. 

MANN'S    YORKSHIRE    AND    LANCASHIRE    HISTORICAL   ALMANACK   FOR 

1843. 

LONDON  AND  COUNTY  DIRECTORIES.    Any  date. 
DIRECTORIES  OP  TOWNS.    Any  date. 

Wanted  by  George  Burgess,  18.  Lincoln  Street,  Mile  End  Road,  E.     . 


to 

Notwithstanding  we  have  increased  the  present  Number  to  thirty-two 
pages,  we  have  been  compelled  for  want  of  space  to  omit  many  articles  of 
interest,  and  a  portion  of  our  Notes  on  Books. 

J.  A.  PN.    Lord  Dundonald,  then  Lord  Cochrane. 

W.  H.  H.-  A  re  not  the  gold  and  silver  ooes,  gold  and  silver  spangles  t 

COWOILL  will Jind  fourteen  articles  already  in  "  N.  &  Q."  OH  Hurrah ! 

A  SUBSCRIBER.  The  origin  of  Pancake  Day  is  given  in  our  1st  S.  v. 
491. 

TRETANE.  Most  biographical  dictionaries  contain  an  account  of 
Thomas  bundle,  Bishop  of  Derry.  A  Memoir  of  him  is  prefixed  to  hu 
Letters  to  Mrs.  Barbarr'a  Sandys,  2  vols.  8vo.  1789.  See  also  Gent. 
Mag.  Iviii.  636. ;  lix.  206.  629.,  and  "  N.  &  Q.  2nd  S.  in.  48?. 


236 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAR.  24.  '60. 


has  probably  overlooked  the 
h  Lady's  Love,"  in  our  1st  S.  ix-  305 


C.  J.  D.  INOLKDEW.  Our 
articles  on  "  The  Hero  of  the 
673.;  x.  273. 

ZUMKRZKT.  An  Auster  tenement  is  a  species  of  copyhold,  with  all  the 
ncidents  of  that  tenure.  See  "  N.  &  Q,"  1st  S.  i.  307. 

M.  A.  On  quotations  in  the  apostolic  writings  from  Pagan  authors, 
seeour  1st  S.  v.  175.  278.  352.;  vi.  243.  411.;  xi.  286. 

ERRATUM.  —  2nd  S.  ix.  p.  206.  col.  ii.  1. 34.  for  "  all "  read  "  which." 

"  NOTBS  AND  QUKIUES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  u  Us.  4^.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  MESSRS.  BELL.  AND  DALDr,186.  FLEET  STREET,  E.G.;  to  whom 
all  COMMUNICATION s  FOR  TH«  EDITOR  should  6c  addrested. 


FOR  FAMILY  ARMS,  send   Name   and  County 
to  the  Heraldic  Office.     Sketch,  2s.  6cZ. ;  in  colour,  5s.  —  Monu- 
mental Brasses,  Official  Seals,  Dies,  Share  and  Diploma  Plates,  in 
Mediaeval  and  Modern  Styles. 

HERALDIC  ENGRAVINGS. -Crest  on  Seal  or  Ring,  8«. ;  on  Die, 
7s.  s  Arms,  Crest,  and  Motto  on  Seal  or  Book-plate,  25s. 

SOLID  GOLD,  18  Carat,  Hall  marked,  Sard,  Sardonyx,  or  Bloodstone 
Ring,  engraved  Crest,  Two  Guineas.  Seals,  Desk  Seals,  Mordan's 
Pencil- cases,  &c. 

Illustrated  Price  List  Post  Free.     ' 

T.  MORING,  Engraver  and  Heraldic  Artist  (who  has  received  the 
Gold  Medal  for  Engraving),  44.  HIGH  HOLBORN,  LONDON, 
W.C. 


Dree 


LLEN'S    PATENT    PORTMANTEAUS    and 

_  TRAVELLING  BAGS,  with  SQUARE  OPENING  ;  Ladies' 
ress  Trunks,  Dressing  Bags,  with  Silver  Fittings ;  Despatch  Boxes, 
Writing  and  Dressing  Cases,  and  500  other  Articles  for  Home  or  Con- 
tinental Travelling,  illustrated  in  the  New  Catalogue  for  1860.  By 
Post  for  Two  Stamps. 

J.  W.  ALLEN  (late  J.  W.  &  T.  Allen),  Manufacturers  of  Officers 
Barrack  Furniture  and  Military  Outfitter  (see  separate  Catalogue) 
18.  &  22.  Strand,  London,  W.C.;  also  at  Aldershot. 


ENSON'S        WATCHES.— 

"  Perfection  of  mechanism." — Morning  Post. 
d,  4  to  100  guineas :  Silver,  2  to  50  guineas.    Send  2  Stamps  for 
>n's  Illustrated  Watch  Pamphlet.    Watches  sent  to  all  parts  of 
Porld  Free  per  Post. 

33.  and  34.  LUDGATE  HILL,  London,  B.C. 


GX.EKTFXBX.D    PATENT    STARCH, 

USED  IN  THE  ROYAL  LAUNDRY, 

AND  PRONOUNCED  BV  HER  MAJESTY'S  LAUNDRESS,  TO  BB 
THE  FINEST  STARCH  SHE  EVER  USED. 

Sold  by  all  Chandlers,  Grocers,  &c.  &c. 
WOTHERSPOON  &  CO.,  GLASGOW  &  LONDON. 

HESSE  &  LUBINS'S  HUNGARY  WATER. 

This  Scent  stimulates  the  Memory  and  invigorates  the 

Brain. 

2s.  bottle  ;  10s.  Case  of  Six. 

PERF1TOXERY  FACTORY, 

2.  NEW  BOND  STREET,  W. 

BROWN  &  POLSON'S 
PATENT    CORIT     FLOUR, 

Preferred  to  the  best  Arrowroot. 

Delicious  in  PODBINGS,  COSTARDS,  BLANCMANGE,  CAKE,  &c., 

and  especially  suited  to  the  delicacy  of 

CHILDREN  AND  INVALIDS. 

"  THIS    IS   SUPERIOR    TO  ANYTHING  OF  THE  KIND   KNOWN." — LonCCt, 

Obtain  it  where  inferior  articles  are  not  substituted, 
From  Grocers,  Chemists,  Confectioners,  and  Corn  Dealers. 

PAISLEY,  DUBLIN,  MANCHESTER,  and  LONDON. 


HPHE  NEW  DISCOVERY.  —  For  the  Restoration 

1  and  Reproduction  of  the  Hair.  Mr.  Langdale  guarantees  his 
QUINTESSENCE  of  CAN THARIDES  most  successful  as  a  Restora- 
tive, also  in  checking  Greyness,  strengthening  Weak  Hair,  and  pre- 
venting its  falling  off,  most  effectual  in  the  growth  of  Whiskers, 
Moustachios,  &c.  The  money  immediately  returned,  if  not  effectual. 
Post  Free  for  2s.  &d.  in  Stamps.  Laboratory,  72.  Hatton  Garden,  E.G. 

E.  F.  LANGDALE'S  RASPBERRY  AND  CHERRY  TOOTH 
PASTE.  _  The  most  delicious  preparation  ever  produced  for  the  Teeth, 

G«ms,  and  Breath.  Post  Free  from  the  Laboratory,  72,  Hatton.  Gar- 
den,  for  is,  3d.  in  Stamps. 


S 


ILVER     MINES    OF    NORWAY. —EAST 

KONGSBERG  NATIVE  SILVER  MINING  COMPANY  OF 

NORWAY  (Limited). 

Incorporated  under  the  Joint-stock  Companies  Acts,  1856, 1857, 1858. 

Capital,  £150,000,  in  30,000  Shares  of  £5  each. 

Deposit,  5s.  per  share  on  application,  and  5s.  per  share  on  allotment. 
Future  calls,  if  required,  not  to  exceed  10g.  per  share,  and  not  to 
made  at  less  intervals  than  three  months. 

DrRECTORs: 
CnAiRMAN-Major-Gen.  PEMBERTON,  York  House,  Chertgey. 

William  Barnard  Boddy,  Esq.,  M.D..  Saville  Row,  Walworth. 
John  C.  Fuller,  Esq.,  Woodlands,  Isleworth. 
Edward  A.  Lamb,  Esq.,Iden  Park,  Rye,  Sussex. 
James  Lawrie,  Esq.,  S3,  Lombard  Street. 

BANKBRg.-The  City  Bank.Threadneedle  Street,  E.G. 
SOLICITOR— James  Bourdillon,  Esq.,  30.  Great  Winchester  Street,  B.C. 
CONSULTING  ENGINEER— John  Hamilton  Clement,  Esq.,  F.G.S. 
BROKER— Frederick  Everett,  Esq.,  17.  and  18.  Royal  Exchange. 

SECRETARY-MR.  GEORGE  SEARBY. 
Offices— No.  35.  MOORGATE  STREET,  E.C. 

This  Company  has  obtained  an  exclusive  grant  from  the  Norwesris 
Government  of  upwards  of  56,000  acres,  part  of  the  Kongsberg  Sih 
Mines,  so  successfully  worked  by  the  Government  for  many  years  ] 
and  reckoned  the  most  important  for  native  silver  in  Europe. 

Some  idea  of  the  results  to  be  obtained  by  an  extensive  and  energet 
development  of  this  property  may  be  formed  from  the  fact  that  tl 
King  s  Mines,  worked  by  the  Government,  have,  in  some  years,  yielde 
a  clear  profit   of  upwards  of  £50,000;   the  average  net  profit  for  tl 
last  25  years  has  been  £14,000;  the   aggregate  returns  for  the  satru 
period  being  £1.377,769;  and  as  much  as  £5,000  worth  of  pure  native 
silver   having  been  disclosed  at  a  single  blast.     This   Company  has 
already  opened  on  its  property  upwards  of  30  mines  containing  silver, 
which  oniy  require  the  en  ction  of  suitable  stamping  and  washing  i 
chinery  to  render  the  produce  immediately  available,  so  that  an  aln 
immediate  result  may  be  anticipated  on  commencing  the  works. 


,lmost 


It  is  confidently  expected  that  no  call  will  be  required  beyond  the 
1"«.  per  share.  If  the  experience  of  the  King's  Mines  is  a  fair  criterion, 
its  judicious  expenditure  ought  to  realise  profits  at  the  rate  of  400  per 
cen^ 

Detailed  reports  of  J.  H.  Clement,  Esq.  (who  has  been  twenty-seven 
years  at  the  silver  mines  in  Mexico  and  Spain),  and  Mr.  Fries,  at  the 
present  time  superintendent  of  one  of  the  Government  mines  at  Thons- 
berg,  as  well  as  extracts  from  the  reports  of  the  directors  of  the  Govern- 
ment mines,  with  a  number  of  official  documents  and  plans,  have  been 
embodied  in  a  pamphlet,  which  may  be  had  at  the  offices. 

Application  for  Shares  may  be  made  in  the  usual  form  to  the  Broker 
or  Secretary,  at  the  offices  of  the  Company,  < 
be  had. 


,  of  whom  prospectuses  may 


A  CHROMATIC      MICROSCOPES.  —  SMITH, 

JIX  BECK  &  BECK.  MANUFACTURING  OPTICIANS,  6.  Cole- 
man  Street,  London,  E.C.  have  received  the  COUNCIL  MEDAL  of 
the  GREAT  EXHIBITION  of  1851,  and  the  FIRST-CLASS  PRIZE 
MEDAL  of  the  PARIS  EXHIBITION  of  1855,  "For  the  excellence 
of  their  Microscopes." 

Illustrated  Pamphlet  of  the  10/.  EDUCATIONAL  MICRO- 
E.  sent  by  Post  on  receipt  of  Six  Postage  Stamps. 
A  GENERAL  CATALOGUE  may  be  had  on  application. 


TTA 


ANDSOME  BRASS  and  IRON  BEDSTEADS. 


HEAL  &  SON'S  Show  Rooms  contain  a  large  Assortment  of  Brass 
Bedsteads,  suitable  both  for  Home  Use  and  for  Tropical  Climates; 
handsome  Iron  Bedsteads  with  Brass  Mountings  and  elegantly  J 
"  Plain  Iron  Bedsteads  for  Servants  ;  every  description  of 


that  is  manufactured,  in  Mahogany,  Birch,  Walnut  Tree 
Woods,  Polished  Deal  and  Japanned,  all  fitted  with  Bedding  and  Fur- 
nitures complete,  as  well  as  every  description  of  Bedroom  Furniture. 

EAL    &    SON'S    ILLUSTRATED    CAT  A- 

'REE  BY  POST. 

HEAL  &  SON,  Bedstead,  Bedding,  and  Bed-room  Furniture 
Manufacturers,  196.  Tottenham-court  Road,  W. 


REDUCTION  OF  DUTY. 

M  EDGES  &  BUTLER,  having  reduced  the  prices 
of  their  WINES  in  accordance  with  the  new  Tariff,  are  now 
ng  capital  dinner  Sherry,  24s.,  30s.,  and  36s.  per  dozen  ;  high  class 

pale,  golden,  and  brown  Sherry,  42s.,  48s.,  and  54s Good  Port,  30s.  and 

36s._Fine  old  Port,  42s.,  48sM  54s.  60s.— Pure  St.-Julien  Claret,  24s.  and 
30s.— Very  superior  ditto,  36s — La  Rose,  36s.,  42s.  — Finest  growth 
Clarets,  60s.  72s.  84s.-Chablis,  36s.,  48s._  Red  and  White  Burgundy, 

36s.  ,48s.  to  84s — Champagne,  42s.  54s.,  60s.,  72s Hock  and  Moselle, 

36s.,  48s.,  60s.  to  120s._East  India  Madeira.  Imperial  Tokay,  Vermuth, 
Frontignac,  Constantia,  and  every  other  description  of  Wine— Fine 

old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  dozen Schiedam  Hollands, 

Marischino,  Curasao,  Cherry  Brandy,  &c.  On  receipt  of  a  Post-office 
order  or  reference,  any  quantity,  with  a  Price-list  of  all  other  wines, 
will  be  forwarded  immediately  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

WINE  MERCHANTS,  &c. 
155, REGENT  STREET,  LONDON,  W. 

and  30.  King's  road,  Brighton. 
(Originally  established  A.D,  1667.) 


2»«  S.  IX.  MAR.  24.  '60.] 


NOETH   BRITISH 
INSURANCE    COMPANY. 

Incorporated  by  Royal  Charter  and  Act  of  Parliament. 
ANNUAL  REPORT,  1860. 

THE  ANNUAL  GENERAL  MEETING  of  the  NORTH  BRITISH 
INSURANCE  COMPANY  was  held  within  the  Company's  Offices, 
M.PHINCES STREET,  EDINBURGH.on  MONDAY ,5th MARCH, 
1660,  in  terms  of  tlu  Constituiion  of  the  Company,— 

SIR  ARCHIBALD  ISLAY  CAMPBELL,  Bart., 
One  of  the  Extraordinary  Directors,  in  the  Chair. 
A  Report  by  the  Directors  was  read,  in  which  the  following  results  were 
communicated :  — 

FIRE  DEPARTMENT. 

The   PREMIUMS    received    during    the    year  1859, 
amounted,  deducting  Ke-insurances,  to                         -    «  35,332  10    5 
Being  *4,986  14s.  above  the  Receipts  of  last  year. 

LIFE  DEPARTMENT. 

605  NEW  POLICIES  had  been  issued,  Assuring  the  sum 
of.        ----------    £449,913    0    0 


And  paying  of  AN  V  UAL  PREMIUMS         -       - 
Being  a  considerable  increase  above  any  former  year. 
The  amount  of  CLAlMa    under  Policies  emerged   by 
death,  was         --------- 

In  the  A 


£14,070    1 


£48,650    0    0 


ANNUITY  BUSINESS, 

I,  for  which  was  received 


2G  Bonds  had  been 


The  ACCUMULATED  FUND  now  amounts  to    -       -£1,031,454    0    0 
And  the  ANNUAL  REVENUE  to        -       ...    £179,083  11  11 

This  being  the  FIFTIETH  ANNIVERSARY,  the  Directors  sub- 
mitted a  Vidimus  of  the  Transactions  of  the  Company  since  its  esta- 
blishment in  1809. 

The  Company  had  paid  to  the  Representatives  of  deceased  Assurers 
£\, 346,465,  and  had  allocated  to  Policies  asBouusesout  of  Profits,  the 
^     Slim  Of  £643,950 2s.  lid. 

On  the  motion  of  the  Chairman,  seconded  by  G.  Warrender,  Esq., 
younger  of  Lochend,  the  Report  was  unanimously  approved  of,  and  the 
usual  dividend  of  8  per  cent,  on  the  paid-up  Capital  of  the  Company 
declared,  free  of  Income  Tax,  payable  on  Monday,  the  2nd  April  next. 

The  Thanks  of  the  Meeting  were  then  voted  to  the  Local  Board,  and 
I  Agents,  and  also  to  the  Directors. 

The  Extraordinary  and  Ordinary  Directors  were  then  elected,  and  on 
the  motion  of  LORD  VISCOUNT  MELVILLE,  the  thanks  of  the 
Meeting  were  voted  to  the  Chairman. 


HEAD  OFFICE— 64.  PRINCES  STREET,  EDINBURGH. 
LONDON  OFFicE_4.  NEW  BANK  BUILDINGS,  LONDON. 

BRANCH  OFFICES. 
GLAsoow-102.  St.  Vincent  Street.       DCBLIN— 67.  Sackville  Street. 

MANCHESTER— Cross  Street. 
LIVERPOOL— Exchange.  NEWCASTLE— Sandhill. 

OFFICE-BEARERS. 
All  of  whom  are  Shareholders. 

PRESIDENT. 
His  Grace  the  DUKE  of  ROXBURGHE,  K.T. 

ViCB-PllESIDENTS. 

The  Most  Noble  The  MARQUIS  of  ABERCORN,  K.G. 

The  Right  Honourable  the  EARL  of  STAIR, 

DAVID  SMITH,  MAWAGER. 

LONDON  BOARD. 

CHAIRMAN SIR  PETER  LAURIE,  Alderman.     f 

DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN. —  JOHN  J.  GLENNIE,  Esq. 

I      P.  Northall  Laurie,  Esq. 

nelI,E«q.  Peter  J.  T.  Pearse,  Esq. 

1  Cockburn,  Esq.  |      Charles  J.  Knowles,  Esq.,  Q.C. 

iSu/wrtor.— Alexander  Dobie,  Esq.,  Lancaster  Place. 

Secretary.  — R.  Strachan. 
4.  New  Bank  Buildings,  Lothbury. 


William  Borrodaile,  Esq. 
John  Connell,  Esq. 
Archibuld  Cockburn,  Esq. 


HPHE  AQUARIUM.— LLOYD'S  DESCRIPTIVE 

1    and  ILLUSTRATED  LIST  of  whatever  relates  to  the  AQUA- 
IUM,  is  now  ready,  price  Is. ;  or  by  Post  for  Fourteen  Stamps.   128 
Pages, and  87  Woodcuts. 

W.  ALTORD  LLOYD,  19,20,  and  20  A.  Portland  Road.Regent's 
Park, London,  W- 


UNITED   KINGDOM 
LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  LONDON, 

S.W. 

The  Hon.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  Esq.,  Deputy  Chairman. 

FOURTH  DIVISION  OF  PROFITS. 

SPECIAL  NOTICE. -Parties  desirous  of  participating  in  the  fourth 
division  of  profits  to  be  declared  on  all  policies  effected  prior  to  the  31st 
December  next  year,  should,  in  order  to  enjoy  the  same,  make  imme- 
diate application.  There  have  alreadv  been  three  divisions  of  profits, 
and  the  bonuses  divided  have  averaged  nearly  2  per  cent,  per  annum  on 
the  sums  assured,  or  from  30  to  100  per  cent,  on  the  premiums  paid, 
without  imparting  to  the  recipients  the  risk  of  copartnership,  as  is  the 
case  in  mutual  societies. 

To  show  more  clearly  what  these  bonuses  amount  to,  three  following 
cases  are  put  forth  as  examples  : 

Sum  Insured.        Bonuses  added.        Amount  payable  up  to  Dec. ,  1861 . 
£5,000  £1,937  10s.  £8.987  10s. 

1,000  397  10s.  1,397  10s. 

100  3d  15s.  139  15s. 

Notwithstanding  these  large  additions,  the  premiums  are  on  the 
lowest  scale  compatible  with  security  for  the  payment  of  the  policy  when 
death  arises;  in  addition  to  which  advantages,  one  half  of  the  premiums 
may,  if  de?ired,  for  the  term  of  five  years,  remain  unpaid  at  ft  per  cent, 
interest,  the  other  half  being  advanced  by  the  company  without  security 
or  deposit  of  the  policy. 

The  Assets  of  the  Company  at  the  31st  December,  1858,  exclusive  of 
the  large  subscribed  Capital,  amounted  to  £a52,»US  3s.  10d..  all  of  which 
has  been  invested  in  Government  and  other  approved  securities. 

No  charge  for  Volunteer  Military  Corps  whilst  serving  in  the  United 
Kingdom. 

Policy  Stamps  paid  by  the  Office. 

Immediate  application  should  be  made  to  the  Resident  Director,  8 
Waterloo  Place,  Pall  Mall.-By  order,  R  MACmTYRE)  ^^ 


WESTERN    LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 
ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON, S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1849. 


Directors. 


E.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Marson-Esq. 
A.  Robinson,  Esq. 

J.  L.Seager,  Esq. 
.B. White, Esq. 


H.  E.  Bicknell.Esq. 
T.  S.  Cocks,  Esq. 
G.  H.Drew, Esq. M.A. 
W.  Freeman,  Esq. 
F.  Fuller, Esq. 
J.H.Goodhart.Eiq. 

Physician.—  W.  R.  Basham.M.D. 

Bankers — Messrs.  Cocks,  Biddulph.andCo. 

Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  this  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  paying  a  Premium,  a*  permission  is  given  upon 
application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  the  con- 
ditions detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 
LOANS  from  lOOi!.  to  500Z.  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 

CAittention  is  also  invited  to  the  rates  of  annuity  granted  to  old  lives, 
for  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 
Example :  100Z.  cash  paid  down  purchases— An  annuity  of — 
&  a.  d. 

lo  4   o  to  a  male  life  aged  60) 
12    3    1  ,,  65 1  Payable  as  long 

14  16   3  70  f    as  he  is  alive. 

18  11  10  „  "!•>) 

Now  ready,  10th  Edition,  price  7s.  6d.,  of 

MR.     SCRATCHLEY'S     MANUAL,     on 

FRIENDLY  SOCIETIES,  with  RULES.  TABLES,  and  an  EXPO- 
SITION of  the  TRUE  LAW  OF  SICKNESS. 
SHAW  &  SONS,  Fetter  Lane  ;  and  LAYTONS,  150.  Fleet  Street,  E.C. 


INTRODUCER  OF  THE  SOUTH  AFRICAN 

JL  PORT,  SHERRY,  &c.,  20s.  per  dozen.  BOTTLES  INCLUDED, 
an  advantage  greatly  appreciated  by  the  Public  and  a  constantly  in- 
creasing connexion,  saving  the  great  annoyance  of  returning  them. 

A  PINT  SAMPLE  OF  BOTH  FOR  24  STAMPS. 

WINE  IN  CASK  forwarded  Free  to  any  Railway  Station  in  England. 
EXCELSIOR  BRANDY,  Pale  or  Brown,  15s.  per  gallon,  or  30*.  per 

dozen. 

.TERMS,  CASH.    Country  Orders  must  contain  a  remittance..    Cross 
cheques  "  Bank  of  London."    Price  Lists  forwarded  on  application. 
JAMES  L.  DENMAN,  65.  Fenchurch Street.corner  of  Bailway  Place, 
London,  E.C. 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  MAR.  24.  '60. 


New  Burlington  Street,  March,  1860. 

NEW  WORKS  JUST  PUBLISHED  BY  MR.  BENTLEY. 


NEW  PUBLICATIONS  FOR  MARCH. 

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THE  LIFE  AND  LABOURS  OF  SIR 
CHARLES  BELL. 

•     By  DR.  PICHOT,  from  the  French.    Crown  8vo.   6s. 

III. 
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AN  ARCTIC  BOAT   JOURNEY  IN  THE 
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XL 

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NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

A  MEDIUM   OF   INTER-COMMUNICATION 

FOB 

LITERARY   MEN,   ARTISTS,   ANTIQUARIES,   GENEALOGISTS,   ETC 

"When  found,  make  a  note  of."— CAPTAIN  CUTTLE. 


No.  222.] 


SATURDAY,  MARCH  31.  1860. 


f  Price  Fourpence. 

I  Stamped  Edition,  5rf. 


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PRINCIPAL. 


B 


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Price  HALF-A-CROWN. 


CONTENTS  FOB  APRIL— No.  CCLXXX. 


OVINGDEAN     GRANGE: 

A  TALE  OF  THE  SOUTH  DOWNS. 
By  W.  HARRISON    AINSWORTH,   ESQ. 

PART  VI.— THE  DEVIL'S  DYKE. 
Outremanche  Correspondence.    No.  III.  Annexation,  Free  Trade,  and 

Carney ;  or  Two  Fortunes.   A  Tale  of  the  Times.  By  Dudley  Costello. 

Chaps.  XXIX.  and  XXX. 
Stream  Sounds.    By  Monkshood. 
Egypt  in  1859.    By  T.  Herbert  Noycs,  Jun. 
A  Vacation  Tour  in  Spain.   Toledo — Valencia  —  Barcelona. 
How  One  Fire  lit  Another ;  or,  The  Mischief  done  by  My  Photograph. 
,  I.  Royston  Trevelyau.  —  II.  Florestine  Luard.  — 


By  Ouitla.    Chap.  I. 

III.  Our  Little  Queen  forms  Her  Household. 


French  Comedy  and  Comedians. 
Bvsormais.    A  Story  of  Skipton  Castle. 
A  Walk  over  Mont  Cenis.    By  A  Tourist. 

London  :  RICHARD  BENTLEY,  New  Burlington  Street,  W. 


FRASER'S    MAGAZINE    FOR   APRIL,    1860, 
2s.  GJ. 


CONTAINS : — 

Oryll  Grange.    By  the  Author  of  "  Headlong  Hall."    Chapters  I.  to  V. 

'illiam  the  Silent:  a  Study  of  Character.    By  Shirley. 
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Vraghut  i %>  Revolutions  in  English  History." 
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lt. and  Tares.     A  Tale.     Chapter     XI. -Rejected   Addresses. 

Chapter  XII.  —  Summer  Days. 
Secret  Love.    By  J.  E.  Jackson. 
Philanthropic  Societies  in  the  Reign  of  Queen  Anne. 

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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


237 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  MARCIT31.  1SCO. 


NO.  222.— CONTENTS. 

XOTES :  —  Richard  Thomson  of  Clare  Hall,  237  —  Etymolo- 

*  gica,  240  — The  Pulpit  of  the  Venerable  Bede,  241  — The 

-  Tourmaline  Crystal,  Ib. 

MINOE  NOTES  :  —  Shakspeare  Folio,  1623  —  Aplira  Behn's 
Plays  —  Number  of  the  Beast,  242. 

QUERIES:  — Duke  of  Kent's  Canadian  Residence— Geo 
graphical  Queries  —  Tithes  —  Admiral  Moore  —  Convoca- 
tion of  the  Irish  Church  —  Sir  Walter  Raleigh's  House  — 
Buckingham  Gentry  — "The  Pettyfogger  Dramatized"  — 
King  Pepin  and  the  Cordwainer  —  "  The  Quiz  "  —  "  Com- 
parisons are  odorous  "  —  Mother  Hubbard  —  Parisian 
Hoods  —  Colours  at  Chelsea  Hospital— The  Letter  "W.5 
"  Raxlinds  "  —  Passage  in  Sir  Philip  Sidney  —  Steele  of 
Gadgirth—  The  Termination  "th,"  242. 

QUEEIES  WITH  ANSWERS :  — Anthony  (Andrew?)  de  So- 
lesmes  —  "  Memoires  de  Casanova  "  —  Rev.  John  F.  TJsko 
—John  Bunyan  Portraits  —  Rev.  Thomas  Goflf— Excom- 
munication, 244. 

REPLIES:  — Witty  Classical  Quotations,  246  — Philip  Ru- 
bens, 247  —  Scots  College  at  Paris,  248  —Monsieur  Tassies, 
249— Lord  Tracton,  Ib.  —  The  Macaulay  Family— Eliza- 
beth Blackwell,  M.D.  —  London  Riots  in  1780:  Light 
Horse  Volunteers*— Robert  Seagrave— Burial  in  a  Sitting 
Posture  — Grub  Street  and  John  Foxe  —  The  Music  of 
"  The  Twa  Corbies  " — Boiled—  Chevalier  Gallini — Oliver 
Cromwell's  Knights,  &c.  —  Sir  Bernard  de  Gomme  —  Cleri- 
cal Incumbents— Sympathetic  Snails  —  Falconer's  "Voy- 
ages"—Book  of  Common  Prayer,  1679  — Judge's  Black 
Cap— Groom :  Hole  of  South  Tawton,  &c.,  250. 

THE  SHAKSPEAEE  CONTROVERSY. 
Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


RICHARD  THOMSON  OF  CLARE  HALL. 
(Continued  from  2nd  S.  ix.  157.) 

Casaubon  has  passed  into  England,  and  has  re- 
paid the  king's  patronage  by  writing  the  cele- 
brated letter  to  Fronto  Ducseus  on  the  Gunpowder 
Plot,  before  he  next  mentions  Thomson.  When 
he  does,  he  is  enjoying  the  hospitality  of  one  from 
whom  he  might  well  say  that  he  found  it  hard  to 
tear  himself — Lancelot  Andrewes.  They  spent 
whole  days  in  literary  and  theological  discussions; 
"  nor  can  I  express,"  says  Casaubon  to  Thuanus, 
"how  much  uprightness  and  true  piety  I  have 
observed  in  the  man.  Would  that  your  church 
and  the  Protestants  had  more  bishops  of  his  ge- 
nius and  learning  !  I  should  then  hope  to  see  an 
easy  and  ready  way  to  peace."  During  the  forty- 
eight  days  which  he  spent  in  Ely  diocese,  Casau- 
bon also  visited  and  wondered  at  "  the  magnificent 
temple,  and  above  all  the  lantern;"  and  went 
over  the  colleges  at  Cambridge. 

No.  739.  p.  430.  Downham.  Aug.  5.  1611. 
To  Dean  Overall. 

Amidst  abundance  of  good  things  he  is  suffer- 
ing from  want  of  books.  Had  not  "Dominus 
Richardsonus  et  Thomsonus  noster"  relieved  his 
necessities  with  their  plenty,  he  must  have  for- 
gotten his  letters,  having,  in  the  expectation  of  a 
speedy  return,  taken  only  one  or  two  of  his  own 


books  with  him.  He  had  conversed  much  with 
both  of  them,  as  well  at  Cambridge  as  when  they 
came  on  a  visit  to  the  bishop. 

No.  743.  pp.  432,  433.  London.  Sept.  29, 
1611.  To  Petrus  de  Bert. 

Nine  months  before,  in  a  great  man's  country 
house*,  Richard  Thomson, "  vir  doctissimus  et  mihi 
amicissimus,"  showed  me  your  Diatribe;  and  though 
I  had  gone  there  for  relaxation  on  a  festival, 
nevertheless  I  read  it  through  "  from  top  to  toe." 
I  have  read  a  book  of  llichard  Thomson's  on  the 
same  subject.  It  has  been,  I  think,  published  al- 
ready in  Germany,  and  you  must  have  seen  it. 

The  following  letters  came  late  to  hand,  and 
are  out  of  chronological  order. 

No.  990.  p.  578.  Geneva.  Oct.  11,  1594.  To 
Thomson. 

If  ever  a  day  dawned  propitiously  upon  me,  it 
was  that  which  brought  me  acquainted  with  you  : 
day  by  day  my  friendship  for  you  and  impatience 
at  your  absence  becomes  stronger.  I  cannot  say 
as  much  for  the  Pole,  nor  —  invitus  dico  —  for  the 
Englishman  [Sir  Hen.  Wotton]  whom  you  intro- 
duced to  me.  [Then  follows  an  account  of  the 
great  straits  to  which  Casaubon  has  been  brought 
by  becoming  surety  for  Wotton,  and  an  urgent 
entreaty  that  Thomson  will  use  all  his  influence  to 
bring  the  defaulter  to  a  sense  of  duty.]  Reputa- 
tion and  studies  dearer  than  life  itself  are  at  stake. 
"  Sed  faciet,  spero,  quod  yirum  bonum  decet.  Iterum 
atque  iterum  me  et  mea  tibi  commendo.  Uxor  liberique 
mei  suavissimam  tui  memoriam  servant,  idem  facit  et 
soror  aliique  amici.  Vale,  corculum  meum.  Geneva, 
raptim  in  summis  solicitudinibus." 

I  may  mention,  by  the  way,  that  these  letters 
and  the  Ephemerides  contain  much  valuable  ma- 
terial for  the  illustration  of  Walton's  Life  of  Sir 
Hen.  Wotton. 

No.  1002.  p.  586.  Geneva.  March  15,  1596. 
To  James  Meadows  (Medousius). 

Though  I  have  gone  through  "  a  sea  of  troubles'* 
for  Wotton's  sake,  yet  I  am  sure  that  he  is  not  to 
blame.  Thomson  never  writes  to  me  about  the 
business  but  he  commends  Wotton's  probity  and 
his  regard  for  me. 

No.  1004.  p.  587.  Geneva.  March  20,  1596. 
To  Jerome  Commelin,  the  eminent  printer. 

Wonders  at  the  long  silence  of  Scaliger  and 
Thomson. 

No.  1024.  p.  595.  Paris.  Jan.  18,  1601.  To 
Thomson. 

I  have  not  heard  from  you  since  my  return  to 
the  city,  though  I  am  assured  that  my  letters  and 
present  have  come  to  your  hands.  "  Scribe  igitur, 
sodes,  mi  oculissime,  et  magna  sollicitudine  me 
iiberaveris."  I  beg  and  entreat  to  send  at  once 
your  notes  on  Spartianus  and  his  fellows.  For 
some  days  ago  I  met  with  a  MS.  of  those  histories 


*  Explained  by  the  entry  in  the  Ephemerides,  under 
Jan.  10,  1611.  • 


238 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


S.  IX.  MAU.  31.  '60. 


in  the  Royal  library,  and  was  seized  with  a  pas- 
sionate desire  to  edit  them ;  and  now  the  thing 
has  gone  so  far  that  the  press  only  waits  for  you. 

"  Vale,  et  plurimum  salve  a  me,  ab  uxore,  a  liberis, 
qui  omnes  tui  videndi  desiderio  mirum  in  modum  fla- 
gramus." 

From  Casaubon's  Prolegomena  to  the  Scriptores 
Historic  Augusta  (p.  35.  of  the  reprint  in  Alme- 
loveen's  edition  of  the  Epistolce\  we  learn  that 
Thomson  did  not  turn  a  deaf  ear  to  these  solicita- 
tions. 

"  Etsi  gravissimis  mendis  nostrum  [exemplar]  scatet; 
nihilo  tamen  Italica  sunt  meliora,  quorum  superioris  asvi 
Criticos  mentionem  video  fecisse.  Plane  illud,  quo  usus 
olim  Angelus  Politianus  in  codice  suo  emendando,  cujus 
fecit  nobis  copiam  Richardus  Thomson,  amicissimus  nos- 
ter,  Regio  fuit  similis." 

No.  1076.  p.  625.  Without  date,  but  must  evi- 
dently have  been  written  nearly  at  the  same  time 
as  No.  328.  (Paris,  early  in  the  year  1603.)  To 
Charles  Labbe. 

I  am  delighted  to  hear  of  a  means  of  corre- 
sponding with  Thomson,  and  have  already  written 
to  him.  He  will  no  doubt  accept  my  excuse  about 
Photius.  For  as  the  book  has  once  come  into  my 
hands,  I  must  try  to  learn  something  from  it. 
Shortly  I  hope  to  return  it,  either  directly  or 
through  you. 

Among  the  Epistola  Selectiores  ad  Casaubonum, 
in  Almeloveen's  volume,  one  (No.  48.  p.  672.)  is 
from  Thomson.  It  was  written  from  Venice,  and 
is  without  date ;  but  we  cannot  be  wrong  (com- 
pare No.  157.)  in  assigning  it  to  November  or 
December,  1597.  The  subscription  " T.  T.  Thom- 
son, i.  e.  "  totus  tuus,"  or  "  totaliter  tuus,"  is  still 
commonly  used  in  Holland. 

I  have  met  with  the  Mechanica  of  Athenaeus 
Ctesibius  (sic;  Query,  Athenaeus  or  Ctesibius?),  if 
I  am  not  mistaken,  which  I  enclose,  as  it  may 
prove  useful  in  your  edition  of  Polybius.  Scaliger 
is  very  eager  to  see  the  book,  and  has  been  on  the 
point  of  cutting  me  (parum  abfuit,  quin  res  meas 
mihi  Jiabere  mandassef),  for  not  having  long  ago 
sent  a  copy  from  an  Oxford  MS.  I  adjure  you, 
therefore,  as  you  love  him  and  me,  to  forward  it 
to  him  by  the  first  opportunity.  I  have  met  with 
some  other  things,  e.  g.  the  commentaries  of  Pro- 
clus  on  the  Parmenides,  and  on  the  first  Alcibi- 
ades ;  but  they  are  too  bulky  to  send.  I  have 
had  the  offer  of  other  Greek  MSS.,  e.  g.  of  Basil, 
Cyril,  Chrysostom,  and  a  very  ancient  Oribasius  ; 
but  have  delayed  striking  the  bargain,  until  I 
have  heard  your  opinion.  My  next  address  will 
be  Siena. 

In  the  Ephemerides  of  Casaubon,  —  one  of  the 
many  important  works  which  we  owe  to  the  public 
spirit  of  the  Delegates  of  the  Oxford  press,  —  the 
following  notices  of  Thomson  occur :  — 

P.  223.  Jan.  22,  1600.  Returns  to  Velserus 
an  anonymous  Periegetes,  from  Scaliger's  library, 
for  the  loan  of  which  he  was  indebted  to  Thomson. 


P.  787.  Nov.  12,  1610.  Pays  a  visit  to  Prince 
Henry. 

"  Antea  veterem  amicum  Thomsonum  virurn  cruditis- 
siraum  videram,  et  animum  gaudio  ingenti  expleveram." 

P.  811.  Jan.  10,  1611.  (Compare  Epist.  743.) 
At  Killegrew's  country-house  with  his  old  friend 
Thomson.  Reads  a  book  of  P.  Bertius,  de  Apos- 
tasia  Sanctorum. 

P.  855.  July  28,  1611.  At  Cambridge.  Goes 
with  Thomson  as  cicerone  over  eight  colleges : 
Pembroke,  Queen's,  King's,  Clare  (Thomson's 
college),  Caius,  Trinity,  and  St.  John's. 

P.  876.  Sept,  2,  1611.  No  study  after  dinner; 
yet  the  time  was  not  lost,  being  spent  in  the  com- 
pany of  Andrewes  and  Thomson. 

Before  passing  from  Casaubon's  writings,  I  wish 
to  correct  a  lapsus  calami  in  my  last  communica- 
tion (p.  156.),  where  for  Perothus  should  be  read 
Perronius.  I  would  also  heartily  commend  the 
correspondence  of  the  two  illustrious  friends,  Ca- 
j  saubon  and  Scaliger,  to  the  attention  of  those  who 
would  learn  what  a  noble  thing  a  literary  life  may 
be,  where  a  love  of  truth,  and  not  the  worship  of 
gain  or  of  immediate  reputation,  is  its  leading 
principle. 

Another  correspondent  of  Thomson's  was  the 
celebrated  Latin  poet  Dominique  le  Bauldier,  the 
friend  of  Sir  Philip  Sidney.  I  use  the  following 
edition  of  his  letters :  Dominici  Baudi  Epistolce, 
Amst,  Elzevir,  1654,  12mo. 

Cent.  i.  Ep.  18.  p.  37.  Tours.  April  29, 1592. 
To  Scaliger. 

Sends  a  book  and  letter  which  had  come  when 
he  was  at  Caen  (i.  e.  from  Dec.  1591,  to  March, 
1592),  but  which  the  dangers  of  the  roads  have 
hitherto  deterred  him  from  forwarding. 

From  Scaliger's  reply  we  learn  what  the  book 
was. 

Cent.  i.  Ep.  22.  p.  41.  Preuilly.  "  vi.  (?)  Non. 
Jun."  1592. 

Would  that  I  could  altogether  comprehend  the 
English  Chronology,  sent  me  by  Richard  Thom- 
son. But  I  have  forgotten  all  those  languages  : — 

"  Vox  quoque  Maerim 
Ipsa  fugit." 

I  will,  however,  scent  out  what  I  can,  and  think 
I  have  already  detected  in  that  chronologer  a  cer- 
tain QiXavria ;  unless  I  am  mistaken  he  is  of  the 
number  of  those  who  find  new  kings  of  the  Per- 
sians in  Daniel,  and  portents  in  the  Apocalypse. 

The  chronologer  is,  of  course,  Edward  Lively. 

Cent.  ii.  Ep.  91.  p.  281.  Ley  den.  May  5, 1608. 
To  Thomson,  then  at  Cambridge. 

I  shall  never  forget  what  I  owe  "  humanissimo 
virorum  Richardo  Thomsonio."  I  add  the  Richard, 
to  avoid  confusion  with  George  Thomson,  whose 
bitterness  against  Lipsius  I  must  condemn.  Scri- 
verius,  if  one  may  believe  him,  is  steadily  engaged 
upon  Martial.  Last  August  I  was  in  England, 
gave  my  poems  into  the  king's  hands  at  Salisbury, 


S.  IX.  MAU.  31.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


239 


and  conversed  familiarly  with  the  prince  for  up- 
wards of  an  hour.  This  condescension,  however, 
is  the  sole  reward  of  my  dedications.  Yet  I  do 
not  repent  of  the  journey,  except  because  I  did 
not  meet  you. 

In  another  letter  (Cent.  iii.  Ep.  50.  p.  372.)  he 
corrects  his  friend  Frederic  Sand,  by  whom  "  nos- 
ter  Richardus  optimus  virorum "  had  been  con- 
founded with  George  Thomson. 

Cent.  iv.  Ep.  38.  p.  485.  Cambridge.  July  27, 
1605.  From  Thomson. 

I  have  at  last  received  your  letter  and  the 
parcel  from  Drusius.  Since  you  left  England,  I 
have  heard  only  obscure  reports  of  you.  Thank 
you  for  the  account  of  Arminius,  who  is  not  how- 
ever so  unknown  here  as  you  seem  to  think.  He 
was  a  familiar  acquaintance  of  mine,  before  he 
obtained  the  Leyden  professorship ;  and  now, 
whenever  a  student  comes  from  you  to  us,  our 
professors  diligently  inquire  about  him,  I  con- 
gratulate your  university  on  possessing  such  an 
ornament.  Our  English  students  rarely  travel; 
so  that  it  is  no  great  wonder  if  few  of  them  enter 
your  classes.  I  have  seen  Scaliger's  Elenchus,  an.d 
have  not  yet  been  able  to  lay  it  down,  though  I 
have  read  it  through  several  times.  He  has  made 
the  Jesuits  wince ;  what  they  will  do,  you  shall 
shortly  hear.  I  despair  of  Scriverius's  Martial. 
Pray  send  me  what  has  been  published.  I  long  to 
see  Scaliger's  Greek  translations  from  Martial, 
Salute  Scriverius  from  me,  and  "  pluck  him  by  the 
ear." 

"  Vale,  mi  optime  et  doctissime  Baudi,  et  me  quod  facis 
ama.  Uxori  amicissimoe  salutem." 

Martial  was  one  of  the  authors  to  whom  Thom- 
son devoted  more  particular  attention,  as  appears 
from  a  letter  of  his  to  Scriverius,  dated  "  Canta- 
brigiae  &  (?)  ad*  Kal.  Jun.  1603;  proxime  otio- 
sius,"  printed  in  Epistolce  celeberrimorum  Virorum 
.  .  .  Ex  Scriniis  Literariis  Jani  Brantii.  Amst. 
1715.  8vo. 

P.  75.  I  have  received  your  letter,  thanking  me 
for  my  notes  on  Martial.  I  have  a  MS.  Arno- 
bius  ;  or  rather  I  had  it,  for  I  lost  it  when  shew- 
ing my  books  to  some  strangers.  I  collected  some 
things  relating  to  Hesychius  in  my  late  travels  in 
Italy,  and  am  ready  to  send  them  for  the  use  of 
Heinsius. 

Thomson's  merits  as  a  critic  of  Martial  are 
loudly  proclaimed  by  Tbos.  Farnaby  in  his  edition 
(Lond.  1615). 

In  the  dedication  to  Sir  Robert  Killegrew  he 
says  : — 

"To  no  one  can  these  notes  on  Martial  be  so  fitly 
offered,  as  to  the  patron  of  him,  *qui,  si  mortalium  alter, 
magna  eminuit  Martialis  lux,  Ri.  Tomsonius ;  Tomsonius, 
nomen  memoriae,  nobis  qui  Musas  fovetis,  gratae ;  nobis 
qui  Musas  colimus,  sacra?.  Cujus  nomine  quantum  tibi 

*  The  &  seems  to  be  a  misprint  for  some  figure,  and 
the  ad  must  be  a.  d.t  i.  e.  ante  diem. 


(nobilissime  Killigraee)  atque  familias  vestra?  debeant  li- 
terse  hnmaniores  et  quantum  ubique  est  hpminum  venus- 
tiorum,  gratis  animis  testantur  omnes  qui  te  norunt,  qui 
norant  ilium :  me  certe  vel  Manes  illius  tibi  clientem  de- 
voverunt,  te  mini  patronutn  conciliarunt.'  " 

In  the  preface  Thomson  appears  as  the  friend 
of  "  rare  Ben  Jonson."  I  do  not  know  whether 
the  passage  has  been  noticed  by  Gifford. 

After  commending  Jonson's  learning  and  ac- 
knowledging his  ready  help,  he  adds  :  — 

"  Ille,  inquam,  mihi  emendationes  aliquot  suppeditavit 
ex  C.  V.  Scriverii  Martiale,  cujus  copia  illi  facta  Lugduni 
Bat.  a  viro  non  sine  doctrinae  et  humanitatis  honorifica 
prrefatione  nominando  Dan.  Heinsio,  quaedam  insuper 
epigrammata  acutius  quam  vulgo  intellecta,  quse  refert 
accepta  memorise  doctissimi  viri  Rich.  Tomsoni,  ut  et  alia 
suo  ingenio  feliciter  excussa." 

It  was  the  boast  of  the  Dutch  scholars  of  that 
age  that  Holland  had  produced  the  three  chief 
restorers  of  Martial,  Hadrian  Junlus,  Gruter,  and 
Scriverius.  The  boast  was  reasonable  enough; 
for  until  Schneidewin  published  his  large  edition  in 
1842,  the  text  of  Scriverius  remained  the  standard. 
"  Dutch  Thomson  "  must,  however,  be  admitted  to 
rank  with  his  friends  Gruter  and  Scriverius,  as  he 
supplied  them  with  collations  of  two  of  the  best 
MSS.,  the  Palatine  and  a  Florentine  (the.  P.  and 
F.  of  Schneidewin).  The  former  was  removed 
to  Rome  with  the  library  of  the  Elector  Palatine 
in  1621,  and  was  rediscovered  by  C.  O.  Miiller 
(Schneidewin,  Prolegom.  pp.  xcvii.,  xcviii.) ;  the 
other  is  still  in  the  Laurentian  library.  On  the 
manner  in  which  the  two  editors  used  Thomson's 
materials,  see  Schneidewin  (ibid.  pp.  xliv.,  xlv., 
xlvi.,  xlix. ;  and  about  Farnaby,  liv.). 

In  P.  Scriverii  Animadversiones  in  Martialem. 
Opus  iuvenile,  8f  nunc  primum  ex  intervallo  quinde- 
cim  annorum  repetitum,  Lugd.  Bat.  1618,  I  find 
the  following  distinct  references  to  Thomson :  — 

P.  114.  (On  Lib.  i.  Ep.  29.  1.9.) 

"'Tu  quoque  de  nostris  releges  quemcunque  libellis.' 
Conjecturam  elegantissirai  viri  Richard!  Thomson!,  nota- 
tum  in  ora  cpdicis  sui,  quod  mire  nobis  placeret,  textui 
immisimus,  vicem  vulgg.  '  releges  quaecunque.'  " 

P.  132.  (Lib.  v.  Ep.  19. 1.  18.):  — 

"  Venuste  mehercule  atque  argute  MS.  quern  contulit 
Richardus  Thomson." 

P.  211.  (Lib.ix.  Ep.  90. 1.  5.):  — 

" '  Pertundas  glaciem *  triente  nigro.'  Palatini  Codicis 
scriptura  hsec  comprobatur  auctoritate  Codicis  Florentini, 
quo  Richardus  Thomsonius  est  usus:  cujus  doctissimi  et 
integerrimi  (heu  quondam !)  viri  fide  ha?c  narro." 

"Fiorentinus  Thomsonii"  is  also  cited  in  pp. 
214.  and  253. 

.Gruter  in  his  Appendicula  ad  Martialem,  pub- 
lished by  Scriverius  in  his  third  volume,  says  (p. 
103.)  that  he  had  recollated  the  Palatine  MS.,  and 
found  Thomson's  collation  erroneous  in  several 
places.  Two  instances  are  given  in  p.  111.,  from 
which  we  learn  that  Thomson  collated  the  MS. 
with  a  copy  of  Gruter's  edition. 


240 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAR.  31.  'GO. 


One  more  communication  will,  I  hopo,  suffice 
to  exhaust  my  collections  relating  to  Thomson. 
Those  of  your  readers  who  have  accompanied  him 
thus  far  will  probably  already  allow  his  claim  to 
the  character  given  him  by  Paul  Coloinies:  "mag- 
nae  eruditionis  nee  niinoris  ingenii  virum."  (Co- 
lomesii  Opera,  ed.  Fabricius,  p.  712.) 

J.  E.  B.  MAYOR. 

St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 


ETYMOLOGICA. 

HACKNEY  AND  HACK.  —  Diez,  in  his  Roman- 
isches  Worterbuch  (p.  192.),  treats  of  the  French 
haquenee,  an  ambling  or  pacing  horse,  and  the 
Italian  acchinea  or  chinea ;  and  he  derives  them 
from  an  earlier  form,  haque,  or  haca.  He  thinks 
that  the  final  part  of  the  Romance  word  -nea,  or 
-nee,  is  derived  from  the  English  word  nag,  or 
one  of  its  equivalents.  Ducange  explains  haque 
as  "  equus  semi-exsectus."  According  to  Roque- 
fort, in  v.,  it  is  "  cheval  hongre." 

Whatever  may  be  the  origin  of  the  French 
haquenee,  the  English  word  hackney  is  derived 
from  it;  which,  according  to  Johnson,  signified 
"  a  pacing  horse,  a  pad,  a  nag ;"  in  which  sense  it 
is  used  by  Chaucer ;  and  afterwards,  "  a  hired 
horse,  hired  horses  being  usually  taught  to  pace 
or  recommended  as  good  pacers."  Hence  it  came 
to  mean,  generally,  that  which  is  let  out  for  hire  ; 
and  was  used  in  such  phrases  as  hackney  authors, 
hackney  coaches.  In  Love's  Labour's  Lost  (Act 
III.  Sc.  1.)  it  seems  to  mean  a  prostitute  :  "  The 
hobby-horse  is  but  a  colt,  and  your  love  perhaps 
a  hackney,"  and  it  bears  this  sense  in  a  proverb  in 
Ray — "  Hackney  mistress,  hackney  maid."  When 
journeys  were  commonly  made  on  horseback,  the 
practice  of  hiring  riding  horses  must  have  been 
much  commoner  than  it  is  now.  When  roads  had 
been  improved,  post-horses  and  stage-coaches 
took  the  place  of  hired  hackneys.  Hackney- 
coaches  originated  in  1634,  according  to  Brady, 
(Clavis  Calendaria,  vol.  i.  p.  345.,  ed.  3.).  His 
account  of  the  origin  of  the  name  Hackney  for 
the  parish  near  London  is  not  clear.  The  word 
hackney  has  been  abbreviated  into  hack :  a  horse 
used  for  riding  along  the  road  has  been  for  some 
time  familiarly  called  a  hack ;  but  the  abbrevia- 
tion is  comparatively  modern,  and  probably  does 
not  occur  in  any  writing  anterior  to  the  middle  of 
the  last  century.  The  old  word  hackster,  mean- 
ing an  assassin,  a  ruffian,  is  derived  from  to  hack, 
to  cut  in  pieces.  In  Scotch,  according-to  Jamie- 
son,  a  hackster  is  "  a  butcher,  a  cutthroat." 

FONTANA,  Ital.,  fontaine,  French,  is  called  by 
Diez  (Rom.  W.,  p.  150.)  an  ancient  derivative 
offons.  It  seems  rather  to  be  a  Romance  sub- 
stantive, formed  from  the  Latin  adjective  fon- 
tanus,  with  its  accompanying  substantive  omitted  : 
the  full  expression  being  "aqua  fontana"  (see 


Ducange,  Gloss,  in  fontana).  Other  instances 
of  this  mode  of  formation  occur.  Thus  montagna, 
Ital.,  montaigne,  Fr.,  is  terra  or  loca  montana,  or 
montanea.  Compare  Livy  (xxi.  34.),  inter  mon- 
tana, "in  a  mountainous  region."  Campagna, 
Ital.,  campagne,  Fr.,  is  probably  loca  campana,  or 
•nea,  though  Diez  (ib.  p.  83.)  considers  it  an  ex- 
tension of  the  proper  name  Campania  (see  Du- 
cange, in  campania).  Fiumana,  Ital.,  is  aqua 
iluminea  (Diez,  Rom.  Gr.,  vol.  ii.  p.  273. ;  Du- 
cange, in  fluminea).  Mattina,  Ital.,  manana,  Span., 
is  hora  matutina ;  sera,  Ital.,  is  hora  sera  (Diez, 
Rom.  W.,  p.  315.)  ;  here  the  French  has  mattin 
and  soir,  from  tempus  matutinum  and  serum. 

Diez  (Rom.  W.,  p.  122.)  is  much  perplexed 
with  the  word  desinare,  Ital.,  disner  or  diner, 
French.  He  mentions  the  following  conjectures 
as  to  its  origin  : — 1.  The  Greek  fenrvfTiv.  2.  "Dig- 
nare  Domine,"  the  beginning  of  a  grace  said  be- 
fore meals.  3.  Decima  hora:  4.  De-csenare 
(compare  Ducange,  in  disnare).  The  true  origin 
of  the  word  appears  to  be  the  Latin  desinere,  in 
the  sense  of  ceasing  to  fast.  The  conversion  of 
the  third  into  the  first  conjugation  occurs  fre- 
quently in  French,  as  in  ceder,  consumer,  affliger, 
corriger ;  it  also  occurs  in  Italian,  as  fidare,  con- 
sumare,  scerpare,  tremare  (see  Diez,  Rom.  Gr., 
vol.  ii.  p.  116.).  Compare  dejeuner,  breakfast 
(Diez,  Rom.  W.,  p.  175.).  It  might  likewise  sig- 
nify remission  or  cessation  of  labour,  —  the  meal 
being  a  time  of  rest. 

^  Diez  (Rom.  W.,  p.  390.)  derives  the  Ital.  brin- 
disi,  a  health,  from  the  German  "  bring  dirs"  ; 
and  he  compares  it  with  the  obsolete  Spanish  ex- 
pression, carauz,  which  signified  the  complete 
emptying  of  a  cup.  According  to  Covarruvias, 
the  latter  word  was  derived  from  the  German, 
and  Diez  supposes  it  to  be  from  "  gar-aus."  This 
word  also  occurs  in  French :  "  Carrousse — ternie 
emprunte  de  FAllemand,  qui  n'est  d'usage  qu'en 
cette  phrase,  Faire  carrousse,  pour  dire, '  faire  de- 
bauche.'  II  est  du  style  familier,  et  il  vieillit." 
(Diet,  de  I'Acad.)  "Faire  carrousse.  Ribotter, 
faire  ripaille."  (Diet,  du  las  Langoge.)  Roque- 
fort has  "  carousser,  boire  abondamment."  The 
English  has  to  carouse  as  a  verb  both  active  and 
neuter,  and  the  substantives  carouse  and  ca- 
rouser.  Shakspeare  says  that  Roderigo 

"  To  Desdemona  hath  to-night  caroused 
Potations  pottle  deep." 

Johnson,  after  Menage,  Skinner,  and  others, 
derives  the  word  from  gar  aus ;  but  Todd,  follow- 
ing Junius,  thinks  rausch  a  preferable  origii 
Other  erroneous  guesses  as  to  the  etymon  of 
word  are  given  by  Richardson,  in  v. 

Trincare,  Ital.,  trinquer,  Fr.,  to  drink  freely 
are  from  trinken.  In  the  Neapolitan  dialect, 
todisco  is  a  toper  (Diez,  Rom.  W.,  p.  355.).  The 
cup  which  was  offered  to  a  guest  was  called  viicom 
in  old  French ;  in  modern  French,  vidrecome  ;  in 


2nd  S.  IX.  MAR.  31.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


241 


Italian  vcllicome,  from  the  German  willkommen. 
(Diez,  ib.  p.  747.)     The  derivation  of  the  latter 
words'  from  the  German  is  consistent  with  the  : 
European  reputation  of  the  Germans  as  drinkers. 

L. 


THE  PULPIT  OF  THE  VENERABLE  BEDE. 

The  whereabouts  of  Archbishop  Leighton's  and 
Jeremy  Taylor's  pulpits  have  lately  been  men-  i 

tioned  in  these  pages  (2nd  S.  ix.  178.).     Of  Bax-  ! 
, x  •.  i  *        * . 


where,  in  the  first  column,  second  paragraph, 
read  "  profusely  "  for  "  properly"),  and  soon  after 
published  a  copper-plate  etching  of  it  in  the 
Gentleman's  Magazine.  From  a  newspaper  para- 
graph, now  going  the  round  of  the  provincial 
press,  it  would  seem  that  Bede's  pulpit  must  be 
added  to  the  list  of  those  pulpits  that  have  been 
treated  like  Baxter's.  Here  is  the  newspaper  ac- 
count :  — 

"A  gentleman — a  zealous  antiquarian — of  North 
Shields  has  in  his  possession  the  veritable  pulpit  in  which 
the  Venerable  and  Sainted  Bede  discoursed  to  his  hearers, 
in  the  old  church  at  Jarrow,  the  truths  of  the  Gospel. 
The  history  of  how  this  piece  of  antiquity  was  saved  from 
destruction  is  as  brief  as  it  is  interesting.  Seventy  years 
ago  William  Hall,  a  joiner,  of  West  Boldon,  near  South 
Shields,  contracted  with  the  churchwardens  of  Jarrow 
church  to  renew  the  decayed  pews.  He  took  down  the 
ancient  oak  pulpit,  replacing  it  with  one  of  fir,  which  at 
this  day  stands  in  the  venerable  edifice.  After  pulling 
this  ancient  relic  to  pieces  he  packed  it  in  a  chest,  with 
the  intention,  as  he  then  averred,  of  making  it  into  a 
cradle  for  his  children!  While  he  was  contemplating 
this  sacrilegious  act  death  laid  his  cold  hand  upon  him, 
and  thus  prevented  him  from  carrying  his  plan  into  exe- 
cution. The  pulpit  laid  secure  in  the  chest  until  a  few 
years  ago,  when  it  passed  into  the  possession  of  the  pre- 
sent owner.  The  pulpit  is  a  very  fine  specimen  of  the 
high  perfection  which  the  art  of  wood  carving  had  at- 
tained in  the  days  of  the  learned  Bede.  In  the  front 
compartment  is  a  representation  of  the  vine,  with  hanging 
bunches  of  grapes,  the  leaves  of  which  are  formed  into 
crosses.  The  whole  is  in  perfect  preservation,  and  must 
cause  regret  to  all  who  take  an  interest  in  beholding  the 
handiwork  of  our  forefathers,  to  see  it  replaced  by  the 
common  mean  substitute  that  now  occupies  its  place."  — 
Northern  Daily  Express. 

The  form  and  height  of  the  pulpit  are  not  given ; 
but,  from  the  concluding  paragraph,  we  may  un- 
derstand it  to  be  after  the  ordinary  fashion. 

Now,  the  great  stumbling-block  to  a  belief  that 
the  "zealous  antiquarian"  of  North  Shields  has 
acquired  a  genuine  relic  of  the  Venerable  Bede, 
is  the  great  probability  that  that  venerable  gen- 
tleman never  occupied  a  Pulpit !  and  this,  from 
the  very  sufficient  reason  that  pulpits  were  not 
then  invented.  The  Pulpitum  or  Anibo  was  a  very 
different  affair  to  the  Pulpit ;  and,  if  the  newspaper 
writer  means  to  say  that  Bede  was  preaching  a  ser- 
mon when  he  "  discoursed  to  his  hearers  the  truths 


of  the  Gospel,"  then  he  would  most  probably  not 
occupy  the  Pulpitum.  He  would  have  "dis- 
coursed "  from  the  steps  of  the  altar,  or  while  he 
sat  upon  his  throne  or  chair,  —  perhaps  on  that 
ancient  chair  that  is  still  preserved  in  the  vestry 
of  Jarrow  church,  and  which  passes  by  his  name, 
—  t/ it  can  boast  so  great  an  antiquity. 

The  newspaper  paragraphist  is,  at  any  rate, 
perfectly  correct  as  to  the  meanness  of  the  present 
pulpit ;  and  he  might  (while  he  was  about  it)  have 
included  in  his  condemnation  all  the  other  fittings 
of  the  church.  Of  Bede's  chair,  with  a  stone  carv- 
ing, and  a  rich  Perpendicular  desk  at  Jarrow,  very 
good  etchings  will  be  found  in  Mr.  Scott's  Anti- 
quarian Gleanings.  CUTHBERT  BEPE. 

THE  TOURMALINE  CRYSTAL. 

It  is  well  known  that  this  crystal  is  of  the  greatest 
rarity.  Some  thirty  years  ago  it  was  first  found  in 
England  under  very  peculiar  circumstances.  I  ex- 
tract the  following  account  of  its  discovery  from 
the  letter  of  a  gentleman  who  was  an  eye-witness  of 
some  of  the  facts.  I  am  not  aware  that  the  circum- 
stances have  been  published  before.  They  will 
recall  to  the  memories  of  antiquaries  the  dis- 
covery of  the  wooden  image  of  Minerva  which 
was  found  near  the  Watling  Street,  and  cut  up 
for  firewood  :  — 

"  A  farmer  named  Ellis,  taking  out  stones  from  a  hedge 
to  repair  the  roads,  found  a  fine  crystal  a  few  inches  below 
the  surface.  He  wondered ;  so  did  all  who  saw  it.  He 
then,  however,  dug  away,  and  strange  to  say,  cartloads, 
good  and  bad,  were  carried  to  the  adjoining  lane,  and 
there  beaten  *  and  trodden  and  ^crushed  by  the  cart- 
wheels. One  country  yeoman  wiser  than  the  rest,  specu- 
lated and  gave  farmer  Ellis  10s.  5d.  for  the  finest  one 
(the  same  would  now  make  10  guineas!)  The  farmer 
paused,  and  ordered  no  more  to  be  removed ;  but  while 
he  slept,  others  stole  them  away.  Miners  from  Cornwall 
were  caught  in  the  very  act,  and  were  brought  before 
magistrates.  Still  the  old  man  persisted  in  his  folly,  and 
to  show  it  to  the  passers-by,  he  built  a  pig-house  ad- 
joining his  dwelling,  in  the  wall  of  which  he  placed  six 
or  eight  fine  pieces,  with  large  beautiful  crystals,  and  the 
children  having  no  better  taste  than  Ellis  or  his  neigh- 
bours (and  which  could  not  be  expected)  struck  off  the 
shining  parts,  battering  every  little  speck  to  get  it  for 
the  purpose  of  adorning  their  little  rnudhouses  in  the 
lanes  for  play !  However,  the  substance  is  left  as  a  proof 
how  nature's  most  valuable  productions  maybe  neglected, 
spoiled,  and  lost  through  unfortunate  ignorance. 

"  The  source  from  whence  they  were  procured  is  ex- 
hausted. I  have  seen  the  place,  and  hearo.  from  Ellis 
himself  what  I  have  related.  A  few  pieces  are  in  his 
possession,  which  he  values  highly ;  too  high  for  my 
purse.  The  phosphate  of  lime,  a  six- sided  crystal,  is 
often  found  with  it,  and  the  black  rocky  matter  connected 
with  the  crystal  is  scoria  which  bears  affinity  to  it. 
Some  of  the  crystals  are  the  size  of  a  large  cupping- 
glass." 

Unfortunately  the  letter  makes  no  mention  of 
the  locality !  CLAMMILD. 

Athenaeum  Club. 

*  Qucr}',  broken. 


242 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  IX.  MAR.  31.  'GO. 


SHAKSPEAKE  FOLIO,  1623.  —  Many  of  your 
readers  probably  look  forward  with  a  mixed  feel- 
ing of  glad  anticipations  and  of  diffidence  to  the 
reprint  which  will  ere  long  make  its  appearance. 
We  are  anxious  to  get  an  easy  access  to  the  first 
Folio,  as  to  whose  importance  the  Collier  contro- 
versy has  added  particularly.  But  at  the  same 
time  we  cannot  help  feeling  suspicious  towards 
any  facsimile  reprint.  This  newer  one  has  to 
thank  its  predecessor  of  1807,  in  which  Mr.  Up- 
cott  and  Mr.  Porson  detected  several  hundreds  of 
misprints,  for  its  being  submitted  to  a  minute  ex- 
amination before  it  will  meet  with  a  general  and 
unreserved  welcome.  Can  any  of  your  readers 
suggest  where  the  above-named  gentlemen  de- 
posited the  results  of  the  painstaking  they  be- 
stowed on'the  facsimile  reprint  of  1 807  ?  Com- 
parison, far  from  being  "  odorous,"  might  facilitate 
the  task  of  critics.  Z.  B. 

[Mr.  Upcott  detected  368  typographical  errors  in  the 
reprints.  See  an  article  upon  this  subjectj  1st  S.  vii.  p. 47., 
by  a  correspondent  who  is  in  possession  of  Mr.  Upcott's 
collation.  We  can  scarcely  entertain  a  doubt  but  that  the 
New  Facsimile  Edition  announced  for  publication  by  Mr. 
Booth  will  be  correct  and  trustworthy. — ED.  "  N.  &  Q."] 

APHRA  BEHN'S  PLAYS. — Those  who  consult 
the  Manual  of  Lowndes  respecting  the  works  of 
this  witty  and  licentious  writer,  will  be  surprised 
to  find  that  he  mentions  only  the  second  and  third 
editions  of  her  collected  Plays,  but  takes  no  no- 
tice of  the  first.  His  words  are  :  — 

"  2nd  Ed.  Lond.  1716.  2  vols.  8vo.  Portrait  by  Vander 
Gucht.  This  edition  contains  15  plays,  seven  in  vol.  i. 
and  eight  in  vol.  ii.  Field,  119,  date  1702—16.  £1  9s. 

"  Plays.  London.  1724.  12mo.  4  vols.  with  portrait  by 
R.  White.  In  this  edition  the  prologues  and  epilogues  are 
omitted.  Nassau,  part  1.  230.  £1 17s." 

I  have  the  three  editions  now  before  me.     The 
first,  printed  in  1702,  2  vols.  sm.  8vo.  containing  i 
fifteen  plays  (counting  the  two  parts  of  the  Rover  \ 
as  one  play)  with  the  prologues  and  epilogues. 

The  second  edition,  2  vols.,  printed  in  1716,  of  i 
the  same  size,  and  with  the  same  contents,  having  , 
also  the  portrait  as  before  mentioned. 

The  third  edition,  printed  in  1724,  in  4  vols. 
12 mo.,  containing  no  prologues  and  epilogues, 
but  an  additional  play  {The  Younger  Brother). 

It  is  quite  clear,  therefore,  that  Field's  copy  ! 
was  made  up  of  two  odd  vols.,  one  of  the  first, 
and  the  other  of  the  second  edition,  and  not  that 
the  volumes  were  printed  at  different  times,  as 
Lowndes  would  lead  us  to  suppose. 

In  the   original  4to.  editions  is  a  play  called 
The  Debauchee,  1677,  which  is  not  included  in  any  j 
of  the  collected  editions,  but  I  have  not  seen  it. 

F.  J.  S.  ! 

NUMBER  or  THE  BEAST.  —  Upon  no  passage  of 
Scripture,  probably,  has  more  ingenuity  been  dis- 
played than  in  the  attempt  to  interpret  the  num- 


ber of  the  beast.  "  And  his  number  is  six  hundred 
three  score  and  six."  It  has  been  found  in  the 
names  of  various  popes,  and  Napoleon  I.*  was 
clearly  indicated  to  the  satisfaction  of  many.  A 
modern  writer  finds  Mammon  to  be  the  beast,  and 
establishes  his  opinion  by  a  quotation  from  1 
Kings  x.  14  ,  "Now  the  weight  of  gold  that  came 
to  Solomon  in  one  year  was  six  hundred  three 
score  and  six  talents  of  gold." 

In  an  historical  tract,  1646,  entitled  Querela 
Cantabrigiensis,  speaking  of  the  Parliamentary 
Covenant,  the  author  thus  expresses  himself:  — 

"This  Covenant  for  which  all  this  persecution  has  been, 
consisted  of  six  articles,  and  those  articles  of  666  words. 
.  .  .  .  But  as  for  the  number  of  the  Beast  to  answer  directly 
to  the  words  of  these  six  articles,  it  is  a  thing  (which 
considering  God's  blessed  providence  in  any  particular 
thing)  hath  made  many  of  us  and  others  seriously  and 
often  to  reflect  upon  it,  tho'  we  were  never  so  supersti- 
tiously  Caballisticall  as  to  ascribe  much  to  numbers.  This 
discovery,  we  confesse,  was  not  made  by  any  of  us,  but  by 
a  very  judicious  and  worthy  Divine  formerly  of  our  uni- 
versity (M.  Geast),  and  then  a  prisoner  for  his  conscience 
within  the  precincts  of  it." 

Nix. 


DUKE  or  KENT'S  CANADIAN  RESIDENCE.  —  An 
officer  of  the  68th  Regiment,  who  had  been  in  the 
household  of  the  Duke  of  Kent,  and  who  accom- 
panied his  corps  to  Fort  George,  Niagara,  in  the 
autumn  of  1820,  writing  from  Quebec,  18th  Oc- 
tober in  that  year,  mentions  the  view  of  the  Falls 
of  Montmorenci  as  he  passed  up  the  St.  Lawrence, 
near  Quebec.  He  adds  :  — 

"  My  attention  was  particularly  attracted  by  an  elegant 
little  villa,  near  the  Falls,  which  was  formerly  the  coun- 
try residence  of  the  ever-to-be-lamented  Duke  of  Kent, 
when  Governor- General  of  these  Provinces." 

This  occurs  in  an  unpublished  letter.  Is  the 
villa  mentioned  in  any  book  of  Canadian  travel  or 
geography  ?  What  was  its  name  ?  And  does  it 
remain,  to  attract  the  attention  and  gratify  the 
feelings  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  on  his  projected 
visit  to  those  provinces  ?  S.  W.  Rix. 

GEOGRAPHICAL  QUEKIFS  — May  I  ask  the  fol- 
lowing questions  ?  — 

Kief. — What  reasons  would  be  for,  or  against, 
the  selection  of  Kief  as  the  capital  of  Russia? 

Roman  Roads.  —  What  mechanical  means  had 
the  Romans  for  laying  down  a  straight  road  from 
one  point  to  another  in  a  country  where  the  view 
would  be  obstructed  by  forests,  &c.  ?  t.  e,  did 
they  only  draw  a  line  at  a  venture  in  a  certain 
direction,  and  then  produce  it  till  it  struck  upon 
some  natural  feature,  or  could  they  in  a  wild  dis- 
trict always  connect  two  positions  by  a  straight 
line  ?  In  one  case  the  road  would  give  existence 
to  the  towns,  in  the  other  the  main  towns  would 

[*  See  "X.  &  Q."  2n*  S.  i.  148.  27G.  421.] 


S.  IX.  MAR.  31.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


243 


precede  the  road  :  in  both  cases  it  being  presumed 
that  the  organised  civilisation  came  from  these 
conquerors.  What  book  is  there  inferring  from 
such  considerations  the  progress  of  conquest,  in 
Great  Britain  for  instance  ?  SMITH. 

TITHES.  —  I  should  feel  obliged  if  any  one  will 
inform  me  if  there  is  any  record  extant  showing 
that  the  owner  of  an  estate  granted  the  tithes  of 
his  estate  to  the  church  of  the  parish  in  which  the 
said  estate  was  situated  ?  I  have  been  led  to  un- 
derstand that  there  have  been  instances  in  which 
tithes  have  been  given  away  from  an  estate  lo- 
cated in  one  parish  to  a  church  in  another. 

RALPH  WOODMAN. 

New  ColL 

ADMIRAL  MOORE.— The  following  paragraph  is 
in  the  Dublin  Chronicle,  oth  July,  1787  :  — 

"  It  is  a  singularity  in  the  will  of  Admiral  Moore,  who 
died  a  few  days  ago  near  the  Blackrock  [in  the  county 
of  Dublin],  that  he  ordered  his  body  to  be  buried  at 
low-water  mark.  He  was  a  man  of  opulence,  and  so 
attached  has  he  been  to  a  marine  character,  that  from 
the  turret  of  his  garden  the  different  naval  flags  of  Eng- 
land were  always  seen  flying,  and  -in  particular  a  flag 
for  Sundaj'.  The  influence  of  his  friends  should  be  ex- 
erted to  rescue  his  remains  from  the  various  revolutions 
of  the  tides,  and  deposit  them  in  peace  on  the  better  se- 
curity of  terra  firma" 

Can  anyone  oblige  me  with  farther  particulars 
of  this  Admiral  Moore  ?  ABHBA. 

CONVOCATION  OF  THE  IRISH  CHURCH. — I  wish 
to  know  the  names  of  any  works  which  treat  on 
this  subject,  or  references  to  books  containing  an 
account  of  its  constitution  and  history,  the  mode 
of  electing  proctors,  their  number,  &c.  Also, 
where  the  records  of  the  last  session  of  the  Irish 
Convocation  are  to  be  found?  I  am  aware  of 
what  is  said  in  the  church  histories  of  Ireland  by 
Bishop  Mant  and  the  Rev.  Robt.  King  on  this 
subject ;  but  I  shall  be  very  glad  of  any  additional 
information  which  any  of  your  correspondents 
may  be  enabled  to  give  me.  ALFRED  T.  LEE. 

Ahoghill  Rectory,  Ballymena. 

SIR  WALTER  RALEIGH'S  HOUSE.  —  Not  far  from 
the  spot  where  I  am  now  writing  stands  an  an- 
cient mansion  which  is  said  to  have  been  in  its 
time  the  residence  of  the  illustrious  Sir  Walter 
Raleigh ;  and,  as  I  am  anxious  to  prove  the  truth 
of  this  tradition,  or,  if  necessary,  scatter  it  to  the 
winds,  I  seek  for  assistance  through  the  medium 
of  your  pages.  This  mansion  stands  on  the  east 
side  of  Brixtou  Hill,  in  the  parish  of  Lambeth, 
ami  is  styled  at  the  present  day  Raleigh  House, 
f.  cannot  as  yet  meet  with  any  document  which 
will  prove  Sir  Walter's  ownership  or  occupancy 
of  the  house,  for  the  title-deeds  of  the  estate,  which 
now  belongs  to  Lady  Grant  (late  Mrs.  Lambert), 
arc  not  in  existence  for  the  period  of  which  I  am 
writing.  In  a  list  of  portraits  of  Surrey  worthies, 


given  in  Manning  and  Bray's  History  of  that 
county,  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  would  seem  to  be  de- 
scribed as  of  Brixton,  but  this  is  the  only  mention 
I  can  as  yet  find  of  his  Brixton  residence.  The 
tradition  about  the  neighbourhood  is  so  strong  that 
it  would  be  heresy  and  flat  blasphemy  to  deny  or 
doubt  it,  though  I  am  inclined  to  do  so  until  con- 
vinced to  the  contrary.  Opposite  to  Raleigh  House, 
on  the  other  side  of  the  road,  there  is  another  old 
house  which  is  called  Sir  Walter  Raleigh's  Dog- 
kennel,  and  there  is  said  to  be  a  subterraneous 
passage  under  the  road,  forming  a  communication 
between  the  two  houses.  This  I  simply  disbe- 
lieve. If  any  of  the  correspondents  of  "N.&Q." 
can  assist  me  in  this  inquiry  I  shall  feel  much 
obliged.  WILLIAM  HENRY  HART. 

Folkestone  House,  Roupell  Park,  Streatham. 

BUCKINGHAM  GENTRY.  —  Where  can  I  find 
the  list  of  gentry  in  Buckinghamshire  of  1433, 
referred  to  by  Lysons  in  Magna  Britannia,  vol.  i. 
part  in.  p.  473.  ST.  Liz. 

"THE  PETTYFOGGER  DRAMATIZED." — Who  is 
the  author  of  this  drama  in  two  acts,  by  T.  B.jun., 
London,  1797,  dedicated  to  Lord  Kenyon  ?  It  is 
not  mentioned  in  the  Biog.  Dramatica. 

R.  INGLIS. 

KING  PEPIN  AND  THE  CORBWAINER. — 

"The  French  jestingly  say  that  the  name  of  Cord- 
wainer  was  given  to  those  who,  for  saving  of  leather, 
crunched  their  customers'  feet  into  shoes  too  small,  and 
that  King  Pippin  hanged  his  shoemaker  for  making  his 
boots  so  tight  that  he  could  not  run  away  in  battle." 
(History  of  the  Gentle  Craft,  London,  12mo.,  chap-book. 
No  date.  'Probably  early  in  the  last  century,  pp.  56.) 

Where  is  the  jest?  and  where  is  there  any 
story  about  Pepin  ?  A.  A.  R. 

"  THE  Quiz."  — In  his  Reminiscences  of  a  Lite- 
rary Life,  183C,  Dr.  Dibdin  gives  some  interesting- 
particulars  regarding  his  first  literary  adventure, 
a  short-lived  periodical  entitled  The  Quiz,  add- 
ing— 

"  I  do  not  remember  for  the  last  thirty-five  years  to 
have  seen  a  copy  of  the  work.  Most  rare  doubtless  it  is, 
if  not  unfindable;  and,  I  confess,  crude  and  jejune  as  it 
may  be,  I  would  not  stick  for  a  trifle  to  possess  a  copy, 
even  of  so  ricketty  a  progeny  of  the  brain." 

My  authority  further  names  Sir  R.  K.  Porter, 
Sisters,  and  a  Mr.  Poole  among  the  Society  of 
Gentlemen  who  conducted  the  work,  and  ascribes 
its  disappearance  mainly  to  the  occurrence  of  a 
fire  at  the  publishers,  which  destroyed  all  the  stock 
on  hand  of  the  unfortunate  Quiz.  The  Doctor's 
term  unJinduUe  is  somewhat  strong,  and  applies 
rather  to  a  Valdarfer  than  to  The  Quiz,  for  in 
the  course  of  my  peregrinations  about  the  stalls 
and  book- shops  I  have  picked  up  two  copies. 
The  book  is  an  octavo,  London,  Parsons,  n.  d., 
with  a  caricature  frontispiece  by  Sir  R.  K.  Porter, 
dated  1797,  representing  A nthony  Serious,  Esq.,  the 


244 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  MAR.  31.  'GO. 


principal  editor,  who  was,  I  find,  W.  H.  Winter ; 
the  other  identifications  in  my  copy,  besides  those 
already  noted,  are  the  Caulfields  (father  and  son), 
Dr.  Dibdin  (in  the  character  of  Vicary  Vellum), 
Davenport,  Stoddart,  E.  Warren,  and  R.  T.  Rees. 
All  pencilled,  and,  in  the  case  of  the  Porters,  de- 
signated familiarly  as  Robert,  Maria,  or  Jane, 
as  if  it  was  the  family  copy. 

I  now  come  to  my  Query.  How  long  did  The 
Quiz  exist?  The  copy  under  remark  contains 
one  complete  volume,  ending  with  No.  38,  and  to 
p.  96.  of  the  second,  where  it  breaks  off  abruptly 
in  the  middle  of  No.  52.  J.  O. 

"  COMPARISONS  ARE  ODOROUS."  • —  Who  is  the 
author  of  this  saying  ?  Not  Mrs.  Malaprop,  I 
assure  you,  although  a  Times'  leader  did  com- 
mence thus :  "  Comparisons,  says  Mrs.  Malaprop, 
are  odorous,  and  so  the  Chancellor  of  the  Exche- 
quer," &c.  Now,  nice  as  the  aforesaid  lady  was 
in  "  the  derangement  of  her  epitaphs,"  this  parti- 
cular nicety  she  never  achieved.  What  she  did 
say  was  this  :  "  No  caparisons,  Miss,  if  you  please. 
Caparisons  don't  become  a  young  woman.'*  {The 
Rivals,  Act  IV.  Sc.  2.)  So  I  come  back  to  my 
original  question,  Who  is  the  author  of  this  say- 
ing ?  LIMITS  LUTUM. 

Kenilworth. 

MOTHER  HUBBARD. — I  am  afraid  that  I  am 
asking  an  often-answered  Query  ;  but  as  an  early 
admirer  of  Mother  Hubbard,  I  entreat  you  to  tell 
me  whether  anything  is  known  of  her,  or  her  hus- 
band, before  the  publication  of  Spencer's  Mother 
Hubbard  tale,  and  the  equally  excellent,  if  not 
superior,  Father  Hubbard  tales  of  Middleton  ? 
Like  our  modern  poems,  both  the  ancient  ones 
show  such  a  love  for  animals,  and  such  a  keen  ap- 
preciation of  their  virtues  and  excellences,  that 
they  must  all  have  come  from  the  same  stock. 

E.  H.  K. 

PARISIAN  HOODS.  —  What  is  the  colour  and 
material  of  the  hoods  worn  in  the  ancient  Univer- 
sity of  Paris,  more  especially  that  worn  by  gra- 
duates in  medicine  ?  G.  A.  H. 

COLOURS  AT  CHELSEA  HOSPITAL. — Would  some 
one  connected  with  Chelsea  Hospital  give  a  list  of 
the  colours  in  the  hall  and  chapel,  mentioning  the 
actions  in  which  they  were  captured  ?  W.  H. 

THE  LETTER  "  W."— Will  some  of  the  philo- 
logical contributors  of  "  N.  &  Q."  inform  me  in 
what  dialects  or  languages  of  the  Indo-Ger- 
manic  division  (ancient  and  modern)  this  letter  is 
found,  besides  our  own  language  ?  C. 

"RAXLINDS." — In  an  old  churchwarden's  book 
in  Wiltshire  is  an  entry  (A.D.  1670)  of  the  "names 
of  the  parishioners  that  contributed  to  the  relief 
of  the  English  raxlinds  in  Turkey."  This  word 
seems  to  be  so  written.  Other  parish-books  else- 


where mention  subscriptions  in  that  year  towards 
the  redemption  of  "  poor  Christian  slaves  taken  by 
the  Turkish  pyrates."  But  what  in  the  world  are 
raxlinds  ?  Is  it  a  corruption  of  "  wrestling,"  i.  e. 
struggling  in  captivity  ?  J. 

PASSAGE  IN  SIR  PHILIP  SIDNEY.  —  I  should 
be  much  obliged  by  an  explanation  of  the  follow- 
ing lines  from  Sir  Philip  Sidney's  Seven  Wonders 
of  England :  — 

"  The  Bruertons  have  a  lake,  which,  when  the  sun 
Approaching  warms  (not  else),  dead  logs  up  sends 
From  hideous  depth ;  which  tribute,  when  it  ends, 
Sore  sign  it  is,  the  lord's  last  thread  is  spun. 

We  have  a  fish,  by  strangers  much  admir'd, 
Which  caught,  to  cruel  search  yields  his  chief  part ; 
•  (With  gall  cut  out)  clos'cl  up  again  by  art, 
Yet  lives  until  his  life  be  new  requir'd. 

Of  ships,  by  shipwreck  cast  on  Albion  coast, 
Which,  rotting  on  the  rocks,  their  death  do  die ; 
From  wooden  bones,  and  blood  of  pitch,  doth  fly 
A  bird,  which  gets  more  life  than  ship  had  lost." 

S. 

STEELE  or  GADGIRTH.  —  I  have  a  volume  enti- 
tled Sermons,  by  John  Steele,  Esq.,  of  Gadgirth, 
Minister  of  Stair  ;  with  a  dedication  "  To  the  No- 
bility and  Gentry  of  Great  Britain"  (8vo.  Edin., 
1778)  ;  apparently  a  very  earnest  book.  Where 
can  any  particulars  be  found  about  this  aristo- 
cratic lay-preacher  ?  J.  O. 

THE  TERMINATION  "  TH." — Derived  nouns  often 
end  in  th,  as  for  example,  warmth,  depth,  birth, 
and  month,  from  warm,  deep,  bear,  and  moon.  In 
some  cases,  as  broth,  froth,  worth,  the  source  is 
not  obvious.  Of  course  th  may  sometimes  be 
radical,  but  like  if,  as  in  frost,  lost,  {freeze,  lose,)  it 
is  in  a  multitude  of  cases  a  mere  servile  or  gram- 
matical suffix.  The  Same  letters,  th  or  t,  are  con- 
stantly used  in  the  Hebrew  and  other  Shemitic 
languages,  as  well  as  elsewhere,  with  or  without  a 
vowel  termination,  as  the  case  may  be.  I  wish  to 
know  what  account  is  given  of  this  curious  law, 
as  I  may  term  it,  or  to  be  favoured  with  any 
references  to  works  which  will  furnish  me  with 
the  information.  B.  H.  C. 


fcittl) 

ANTHONY  (ANDREW  ?)  DE  SOLESMES. — Ac 
ing  to  Johnson's  Typographia  (vol.  i.  p.  602.), 
particulars  about  this  Flemish  printer  of  Dutch 
Prayerbooks  in  Norwich  are  to  be  found  in  the 
Bodleian  Library  among  the  archives.  I  should 
feel  thankful  for  a  communication  of  these  par- 
ticulars. 

Johnson  calls  the  Norwich  Caxton,  Anthony ; 
others  design  him  as  Andrew.  Which  is  the  true 
surname  ? 


2nd  S.  IX.  MAR.  Ji.  '60.1 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


245 


Solesmes,  or  Solo  me,  is  a  commune  three  hours 
and  a  half  east  of  Cambray ;  its  population  still, 
for  a  great  part,  consists  .of  weavers.  How  did 
the  Norwich  printer  print  his  own  name,  —  So- 
lesmes, Solesme,  Solempne,  or  Solen  ? 

I  am  told  De  Solesmes  printed  at  least  Jive 
editions  of  the  Bible  in  Dutch,  and  it  is  supposed 
he  did  this  for  the  purpose  chiefly  of  smuggling 
them  into  the  Spanish  Netherlands.  This,  how- 
ever, does  not  seem  to  be  true,  as  the  Norwich 
Bibles  are  quite  unknown  with  us  ;  whilst  the  ne- 
cessity of  printing  the  Bible  for  exportation  to 
the  Low  Countries  was  lessened  by  the  continual 
publications  of  the  Holy  Scriptures  at  Cologne, 
Aix-la-Chapelle,  &c.  So,  if  Dutch  Bibles  were 
printed  in  Norwich,  it  must  principally  have  been 
for  the  settlers  there.  But  we  only  know  of 
Dutch  Prayerboohs  (Psalms,  Catechism,  and  Ca- 
lendar), with  the  imprint  Noordwitz.  Do  the 
Dutch  Norwich  Bibles  really  exist  ? 

J.  H.  VAN  LENNEP. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht. 

[MR.  OFFOR  informs  us,  that  "  Johnson  copied  his  ac- 
count of  this  Norwich  printer  from  Ames,  p.  481.,  with 
some  omissions.  Dr.  Cotton,  in  his  Typographical  Gazet- 
teer, mentions  Norwich  in'  Connecticut,  but  omits  Nor- 
wich in  England.  I  have  never  seen  a  Bible  printed  at 
Norwich  in  Dutch.  Liesvelt  printed  many  editions.  A 
set  of  his  first  edition,  Antwerp,  1526,  is  in  my  collec- 
tion—a beautiful  copy,  handed  down  in  his  family. 
Vasterman  printed  some  handsome  editions.  Hans  de 
Laet  printed  one  in  15GO  at  Antwerp,  in  which  the  Apo- 
cryphal books  are  inserted  in  the  text.  It  has  neat  cuts 
—Death  dancing  while  Adam  and  Eve  are  driven  from 
paradise,  and  digging  with  Adam,  while  Eve,  holding  a 
distaff,  suckles  an  infant.  A  royal  8vo.,  at  Embden,  by 
S.  Mierdman,  1556.  A  pocket  edition,  in  4  vols.  at 
Amsterdam,  by  Pietersoeu,  1527,  &c.  &c.  &c.,  but  nothing 
at  Noordwitz."] 

"  MEMOIRES  DE  CASANOVA."  —  Was  "  Jaques 
Casanova  de  Senegalt,  by  whom  the  Memoires  de 
Casanova  (published  in  France  towards  the  end  of 
the  last  century)  purport  to  have  been  written,  a 
real  personage  bearing  that  name,  and  are  the 
Memoires  in  question  supposed  to  represent  the 
real  incidents  of  his  life  ?  The  book  itself,  known 
now  1  fancy  to  but  few  English  readers,  is  one  of 
such  shameless  and  horrible  obscenity  as  to  ren- 
der it  difficult  to  believe  the  contents  to  be  any- 
thing but  a  profligate  romance. 

I  have  recently  noticed,  however,  in  reading  Mr. 
Carlyle's  "Essay  on  Cagliostro"  {Miscellanies,  vol. 
iii.  p.  249.),  that  he  says,  speaking  of  the  difficulty 
of  procuring  any  authentic  works  to  refer  to  for 
information  about  Cagliostro,  that  he  "  would  even 
have  dived  into  the  infectious  Memoires  de  Casa- 
nova for  the  purpose,"  but  that  "  English  librarians 
generally  deny  the  possession  of  the  book." 

A  reference  from  so  respectable  and  accurate  a 
quarter  as  Mr.  Carlyle  implies  of  course  some 
authenticity  in  the  book.  But  who  was  the  man 
who  could  deliberately  fill  eight  or  ten  volumes 


with  such  a  record  of  his  life?     There  are,  if  I 
remember,   several   allusions    to   Casanova   as   a 
;  "  chevalier  de  fortune  "  in  Mr.  Thackeray's  novel 
|  of  Barry  Lyndon,  where  1  think  he  is  introduced 
|  as  gambling  with  Charles  James  Fox  !  C.  M. 

[Jacob  Casanova  de  Seingalt  flourished  in  the  last 
i  century,  and  was  distinguished  for  his  talents  and  adven- 
i  tures.    He  -was  born  at  Venice  on  2nd  April,  1725,  arid 
educated  at  Padua,  and  during  his  travels  over  various 
!  parts  of  Europe  became  acquainted  with  Voltaire,  and 
i  the  most  distinguished  personages  of  his  time.     In  1785 
he  retired  to  Dux  in  Bohemia,  where  he  resided  as  libra- 
rian to  Count  Waldstein,  and  occupied  himself  with  the 
cultivation  of  science  and  literature  till  his  death,  which 
;  took  place  at  Vienna  in  June,  1803.  •  A  copious  account 
'•  of  Casanova  will  be  found  in  Nouvelle  Biographic  Ge'ne'rale, 
|  viii.  938.    Two  editions  of  his  Autobiography  are  in  the 
|  British  Museum:  Memoires  Merits  par  lui-meme.   Edition 
i  originale,  12  torn.  12mo.  Leipsic,  1826-38;  and  4  torn. 
12mo.  Paris,  1843.] 

REV.  JOHN  F.  USKO. — This  gentleman  published 
in  1808  A  Brief  Narrative  of  his  Travels  and  Lite- 
rary Life.  Could  you  give  any  account  of  the 
author  and  his  works  ?  R.  INGLIS. 

[Mr.  Usko  was  born  on  Dec.  12,  1760,  at  Lyck  in 
Prussia,  and  educated  in  that  town.  In  1777  he  gra- 
duated at  the  University  of  Kb'ningsberg,  and  was  or- 
dained as  a  minister  at  Dantzick  on  18th  March,  1783. 
He  was  not  only  master  of  Hebrew,  Arabic,  Sjriac,  Chal- 
daic,  Turkish,  Persian,  Italian,  French,  German,  Polish, 
Latin,  Greek,  but  was  also  well  skilled  in  English.  The 
Narrative  of  his  Travels  is  reprinted  in  the  Gent.  Mag. 
for  June,  1808,  p.  486.,  and  Aug.  1808,  p.  696.  On  ac- 
count of  his  learning  the  Bishop  of  London  presented  him 
to  the  valuable  living  of  Orsett  in  Essex.  He  married 
Elizabeth  Henrietta,  daughter  of  Dr.  De  Zimmerman  of 
Smyrna,  who  died  at  Orsett  on  Dec.  3,  1818.  Mr.  Usko 
died  at  his  rectory  on  Dec.  31,  1841,  aged  81.  He  pub- 
lished A  Grammar  of  the  Arabic  Language,  accompanied 
by  a  Praxis  of  the  first  three  chapters  o'f  Genesis,  and  a 
Vocabulary.  For  a  memoir  of  him,  see  Gent,  Mag.,  April, 
1842,  p.  439.] 

JOHN  BUNYAN  PORTRAITS. — In  the  Pilgrimage 
to  English  Shrines,  by  Mrs.  S.  C.  Hall,  there  is 
mentioned  an  original  portrait  of  John  Bunyan  of 
Bedford,  in  the  possession  of  one  of  his  descend- 
ants, Mrs.  Sanegear  of  Islington,  a  very  old  lady, 
nearly  ninety  years  of  age,  I  believe  now  dead. 
This  old  lady  was  very  proud  of  being  a  de- 
scendant, and  having  a  portrait  of  her  ancestor, 
John  Bunyan,  and  said  it  was  an  original  and 
correct  likeness  of  him, — a  very  fine  old  oil  paint- 
ing. Can  you  tell  by  whom  it  was  painted,  and 
was  it  ever  engraved  ?  In  whose  possession  is  tjie 
portrait  at  present  ? 

In  the  same  book  it  is  said  the  old  lady  had  left 
it  by  will  to  Bunyan  Chapel  at  Bedford.  The 
person  who  has  got  the  portrait  of  John  Bunyan 
would  do  well  by  giving  it  to  the  National  Por- 
trait Gallery  of  England,  to  be  placed  among  the 
portraits  of  England's  great  men.  R.  W. 

[  We  have  submitted  the  above  to  the  Editor  of  John 

Bunyan'a  Works,  who  states  that  "  The  painting  of  John 

j  Bunyan,  in  possession  of  his  descendant  Mrs.  Senegar, 


246 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»i  ?.  IX.  MAP,  31.  \0. 


and  which  she  so  highly  valued,  was  supposed  to  be  the 
original  painted  by  T."  Sadler,  mentioned  by  Wai  pole 
in  his  Anecdotes  of  Painting  in  England,  vol.  iii.  p.  140., 
Strawberry  Hill,  1765.  I  had  an  accurate  copy  of  it  painted 
by  her  permission,  but  am  not  aware  of  what  became  of 
the  original  on  her  decease.  It  was  copied,  in  mezzotint, 
by  J.  Spilsbury,  the  original  being  then  in  possession  of 
Henry  Steinson,  Gent.  It  was  also  copied  by  R.  Hous- 
ton for  Bowles  &  Carver,  St.  Paul's  Church  yard.  Very 
numerous  copies  have  been  engraved  from  Spilsbury  and 
Houston's  for  editions  of  the  Pilarim.  It  was  for  a  long 
period  supposed  to  be  the  best  likeness,  until  the  original 
drawing  by  R.  White  was  discovered  in  the  British  Mu- 
seum. The  best  monument  to  Bunyan  would  be  the  de- 
sign of  Mr.  Papworth,  to  be  erected  in  Trafalgar  Square, 
should  the  public  patronise  its  erection.  It  is  a  disgrace 
to  the  country  that  no  national  monument  has  been  yet 
erected  to  the  immortal  dreamer — England  and  the  world's 
benefactor." — GEORGE  OFFOR.] 

REV.  THOMAS  GOFF.  —  In  the  Life  of  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Goff,  in  the  Biographia  Dramatic^  I  find 
the  following :  — 

"  He  published  a  sermon  entitled  Deliverance  from  the 
Grave,  preached  at  St.  Mary's  Spital  in  Easter  week, 
March  28,  1627 ;  on  the  title-page  of  a  copy  of  which  it 
is  asserted,  in  a  contemporary  hand  in  MS.,  that  he  was 
revolted  to  Popery;  and  on  this  fact  there  are  large 
reflections  in  Legenda  Lignea,  §-c.  8vo.  1653." 

Can  you  give  me  any  information  as  to  the  cor- 
rectness of  the  above  assertion  ?  Who  was  the 
author  of  Legenda  Lignea.  The  truth  of  this 
statement  regarding  Mr.  GofFs  religion  would 
seem  (to  say  the  least  of  it)  very  doubtful.  Mr. 
Goff,  who  died  m  July,  1629,  was  buried  at  his 
own  parish  church,  East  Clandon  in  Surrey. 

R.  INGLIS. 

[The  statement  iji  the  Biographia  Dramatica  is  incor- 
rect. The  individual  who  "  revolted  to  Popery  "  was  Dr. 
Stephen  Goffe,  of  Merlon  College,  Oxford,  B.A.  1623; 
M.A.  1627.  He  seems  to  have  been  a  man  of  unsettled  | 
principles,  and  whilst  in  the  Low  Countries  became 
preacher  in  Lord  Vere's  regiment.  On  his  return  to 
England  he  was  created  D.D.,  and  made  one  of  the  king's 
chaplains.  In  1641  he  joined  the  Roman  church,  and  was 
taken  into  the  Society  of  the  Oratorians  at  Paris ;  and 
subsequently  became  father-confessor  to  Maria  de  Me- 
dicis,  widow  of  Henry  IV.  of  France.  He  died  on  Christ- 
mas Daj',  1681.  The  notice  of  him  in  Legenda  Lignea, 
pp.  144-152.,  is  not  very  flattering.  Consult  also  Wood's 
Fasti,  i.  494  ;  Evelyn's  Diary,  i.  19.,  edit.  1850.  Several 
ef  Goffe's  letters  are  contained  in  Addit.  MS.  6394.,  Brit. 
Museum.] 

EXCOMMUNICATION.  —  The  impending  excom- 
munication by  bell,  book,  and  candle,  of  the  King 
of  Sardinia  by  the  Pope,  renders  it  an  interesting 
question  whether  the  strong  language  used  in  the 
formula  of  such  documents  is  identical  with  that 
quoted  in  Tristram  Shandy  (p.  200.),  CadelFs 
edition  of  1819,  "writ  by  Ernulphus,  the  Bishop 
of  Rochester : "  u  for  the  copy  of  which  Mr. 
Shandy  returns  thanks  to  the  Chapter  Clerk  of 
the  Dean  and  Chapter"  of  that  diocese.  B. 

[The  Form  of  Excommunication  given  in  Tristram 
Shandy  is  almost  verbatim  with  the  one  printed  in  The 
Harleian  Miscellany  (vi.  533.  edit.  1810),  as  "Taken  out 


of  the  Leger-Book  of  the  Church  of  Rochester,  now  in  the 
custody  of  the  Dean  and  Chapter  there :  writ  by  Ernulfus, 
the  Bishop."  Of  course,  however,  it  will  not  be  sup- 
posed that  the  tremendous  form  of  excommunication 
"  writ  by  Ernulphus,"  was  used  indiscriminately  in  all 
cases.  See,  for  instance,  a  comparatively  tame  form  em- 
ployed by  Pope  Alex.  III.  "in  turbatores  pacis,"  An. 
1177  (Baronius,  xix.  469.).  We  refer  particularly  to  this 
example,  because  the  extinction  of  candles  formed  part  of 
the  ceremony.  We  extract  from  The  Times  of  Tuesday 
last  the  following  note :  — "  The  Union  explains  in  the 
following  terms  the  nature  of  excommunication  from  the 
Church  of  Rome :  — '  Theologians  generally  define  ex- 
communication as  "  an  ecclesiastical  sentence  by  which  a 
person  is  excluded  from  the  number  of  the  members  of 
the  Church."  Such  are  Bergier's  terms.  The  Abbe 
Lequeux  is  more  explicit :  —  "  Excommunication,"  says 
he,  "  is  an  ecclesiastical  censure  which  deprives  a  person, 
wholly  or  partially,  of  the  claims  he  has  on  the  common 
benefits  of  the  Church,  to  punish  him  for  disobedience  in 
some  grave  matter.  There  are  several  degrees  of  excom- 
munication; the  major  excommunication  is  attended 
with  very  serious  consequences ;  for  instance,  it  deprives 
a  person  of  all  participation  in  the  public  prayers  which 
the  Church  makes  for  the  faithful ;  of  the  right  of  ad- 
ministering or  receiving  the  sacraments ;  of  the  right  of 
attending  Divine  service,  &c.  Such  is,  in  brief,  the  eccle- 
siastical meaning  of  the  word  *  excommunication.'  "] 


BtpUftf. 

WITTY  CLASSICAL  QUOTATIONS. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  116.) 

J.  0.  B.'s  most  interesting  paper  starts  with  an 
excellent  suggestion.  As  a  small  contribution  to 
"a  Collection  of  Witty  Quotations  from  Greek 
and  Latin  Writers,"  I  would  cite  Lord  North's 
very  happy  adaptation  of  Horace,  applied  to  his 
son,  who  could  not  afford  to  keep  his  favourite 
mare  — 

"  jEquam  memento  rebus  in  arduis 
Servare." 

See  Cumberland's  Memoirs,  ii.  353. 

Swift's  two  classic  puns,  as  recorded  by  Scott, 
deserve  reproduction.  In  his  life  of  the  Dean 
(Collected  Works,  i.  p.  461.),  Sir  Walter  says, 
"  Perhaps  the  application  of  the  line  of  Virgil  to 
the  lady  who  threw  down  with  her  mantua  a  Cre- 
mona fiddle,  is  the  best  ever  was  made  : — 

'  Mantua,  VJB  miserae  nimium  vicina  Cremonae ! '  " 

The  comfort  wjiich  he  gave  an  elderly  gentle- 
man who  had  lost  his  spectacles,  was  more  grotes- 
que :  "  If  this  rain  continues  all  night,  you  will 
certainly  recover  them  in  the  morning  betimes :  — 
'Nocte  pluit  tota — redeunt  spectacula  mane.'" 

Charles  Lamb,  in  his  Popular  Fallacies,  remarks 
on  these  puns  of  Swift.  R.  F.  SKETCHLEY. 


The  translation  of  "Splendide  mendax"  "lying 
in  state,"  which  is  well  known  to  your  Cambridge 
readers,  may  perhaps  come  under  this  head.  Also 
the  following  adaptation  which  occurred  in  a 


2^  s.  IX.  MAR.  31.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


247 


Cambridge  Tripos  paper  some  years  ago  with  re- 
ference to  a  Cambridge  tobacconist  named  Ba- 
con :  — 

"  O  fumose  puer,  nimium  ne  crede  Saconi, 
Manillas  vocat,  hoc  pnetexit  nomine  cauks" 

A.  "  VVliat  was  that  capital  story  you  were  telling  me 
tbe  other  day? 

B.  "  Oh  I  can't  remember  it ;  I  am  forgetting  all  my 
good  things  in  the  way  of  stories. 

A.  "  O  fortunatos  nimium,  sua  si  bona  norint." 

SELRACII. 


Besides  the  class  -which  your  correspondent 
speaks  of,  there  is  another  class  the  memory  of 
which  is  surely  worthy  of  preservation,  although 
the  wit  is  that  of  the  punster  rather  than  the 
humourist.  As  a  specimen  I  annex  two  which  I 
remember  to  have  heard  from  the  late  Mr.  Dawson 
Turner :  — 

"  What  can  Horace  have  meant,  when  he  advised  per- 
sons in  difficulty  to  keep  a  mare :  — 

'  jEquarn  memento  rebus  in  arduis  servare? ' " 
"  Who  says  that  the  ancients  did  not  know  the  worth 
of  tea,  when  Orpheus  even  sang  its  praises :  — 

'  Te  redeunte,  te  abeunte  die  canebat.' " 
Sheridan's  — 

"  Quanto  delphinis  Balsena  Britannica  major," 
is,  of  course,  the  most  magnificent  specimen  of 
this  class ;  and  I  have  heard  an  illustration  of  it 
from  the  nursery  :  — 

"  Birds  in  their  little  nests  agree, 
And  'tis  a  shameful  sight !  " 

B.  B.  WOODWARD. 
Haverstock  Hill. 

My  good  and  learned  grandfather,  Deane  Swift, 
kinsman  and  biographer  of  the  St.  Patrician  ge- 
nius, made  a  neat  one  upon  David  Mallet  (lexico- 
graphic Sam's  illustrative  "alias"),  who,  in  his 
college  days,  was  wont  to  indemnify  the  restraints 
of  Oxford  by  occasional  trips  to  London  :  — 
"  Nunc  Maechus  Romae,  mine  Mallet  Athenis." 

But  I  have  a  more  piquant  contribution  at 
J.  O.  B.'s  service.  The  well-remembered  Irish 
barristers  Curran  and  Egan  were,  as  usual,  chaffing 
one  another  in  the  Four  Courts,  when  the  latter 
spying,  or  affecting  to  spy,  a  somewhat  objection- 
able visitor  on  the  collar  of  Curran's  silk  gown, 
put  to  him  the  bucolic  question  —  "cujum  pecus?" 
whereto  the  future  Master  of  the  Rolls  promptly 
replied  — 

"  Nuper  mihi  tradidit  Egan." 

E.  L.  S. 


PHILTP  RUBENS. 
(2n*  S.  ix.  129.) 

I  have  much  pleasure  in  contributing  to  the 
information  of  W.  NOEL  SAINSBTJRY,  and  still 
more  so  in  being  enabled  to  place  before  him  n 


translation  of  one  of  the  letters  in  question.  He 
will,  however,  pardon  me  in  correcting  a  slight 
inadvertence  into  which  he  has  fallen  in  writing 
his  Note.  In  it  he  states  "there  are  in  that 
volume  three  or  four  exceptions,  but  they  are 
letters  of  considerable  interest,  and  written  by 
the  great  artist  himself.'11  The  letters  of  Bau- 
dius  (pp.  360—  364.)  can  hardly  be  construed  as 
falling  within  this  category.  In  calling  me  to 
account  for  omitting  to  furnish  references,  MR. 
SAINSBURY  forgets  that  in  his  work  on  Rubens  he 
has  entirely  omitted  the  number  of  the  volume 
and  the  collection,  whether  Domestic,  Flanders, 
Holland,  or  otherwise,  from  whence  he  deduced 
his  originals  in  the  State  Paper  Office.  This  ad- 
dition, I  agree  with  him,  would  enable  readers  to 
compare  the  printed  copies  with  the  MSS.  them- 
selves. 

"Philip  Rtibens  to  his  Brother  Peter  Paul  Rulens. 

"The  first  of  my  wishes  was  to  see  Italy,  and  in  it  you 
my  brother.  The  one  I  have  already  realized,  the  other 
I  have  in  hope.  And  wherefore  ?  How  trifling  a  journey 
is  it  to  Mantua  from  Padua  !  It  might  be  performed  in  a 
little  cart  (so  to  speak)  when  the  time  of  year  will  per- 
mit. But  then  we  shall  see.  We  arrived  here  some  few 
daj'S  since;  (a  fortnight  has  now  elapsed).  Where  so 
long  in  the  interim? 

"  '  In  Sequanis  mensem  quaj  nescio  sera  morata  est 
Segnities  ;  nee  sera  tamen  transivimus  Alpes 
Nondum  praeclusas,  niveo  nondum  aggere  septas  ; 
Sed  faciles,  nulloque  morantes  objice  gressum.' 

"  Now  a  word  for  you  in  your  ear.  We  are  thinking  of 
Venice,  but  only  for  two  or  three  days,  for  we  must  re- 
turn thither  at  Shrovetide  unless  the  cold  and  frost 
hinder  us,  which  is  now  so  sharp  and  inclement  in  these 
parts  that  Venice  might  be  approached  as  it  were  on  solid 
ground,  that  is  to  say,  ice  (if  it  be  firm  enough),  a  cir- 
cumstance which  they  say  happened  twelve  years  ago. 
What  a  pleasure  it  will  be  to  hear  from  you  "what  you 
think  of  this  city  and  the  others  of  Italy,  many  of  which 
you  have  already  visited  !  Of  Rome  first,  so  shortly  to 
be  quitted  by  you  if  the  Prince  of  Mantua  returns  (as  I 
trust  he  will)  safe  home.  What  a  sad  affair  that  was  at 
Canischa.*  How  truly  fortunate  for  you.  that  you  were 
away  and  used  the  opportunity  of  going  to  Rome  !  What 
I  pray  has  happened  to  Pourbius  ?  — 

"  '  -  Superestne  et  vescitur  aura 


"  Since  my  departure  I  have  heard  nothing  from  our 
mother,  nor  could  I,  for  where  could  she  send  to?  I  trust 
she  is  in  health,  and  keeps  up  well.  Do  you  the  same, 
my  brother,  and  expect  longer  letters  and  more  serious 
ones,  when  I  shall  know  where  you  are.  Padua,  the  Ides 
(6—13)  of  December,  1601." 

This,  with  other  letters,  will  be  found  in  the 
printed  Selectiores  Epistoliz  of  Ph.  Rubens,  with 
life  prefixed  by  J.  Brant,  and  fine  portrait,  1615, 
Lat.,  a  scarce  book  to  be  met  with. 

CL.  HOPPER. 


*  In  allusion,  doubtless,  to  the  capture  of  that  place  by 
the  Imperialists  in  1001 ;  so  that  we  have  presumptive 
evidence  of  the  painter's  being  in  Hungary  just  before  the 
date  of  this  letter. 


248 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAR.  31.  '60. 


SCOTS  COLLEGE  AT  PARIS. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  80.  128.) 

About  twenty-five  years  ago  I  had  information 
from  a  friend  at  Paris  that  the  Scots  College  still 
held  out  under  the  sign  of  "  College  Ecossois, 
Rue  des  Fosses,  St.  Victor,  N"o.  25 — Etablissement 
autorise  par  1'Universite — Institut  complimen- 
taire  des  Etudes  Classiques,  sous  la  direction  de 
MM.  A.  De  la  Vigne  et  Philibert  Gomichon  — 
Cours  de  Conferences  Preparatoires  aux  examens 
de  Droit  —  Enseignement  Preparatoire  au  Bacca- 
laureat  des  Lettres."  He  could  learn  nothing- 
satisfactory  as  to  MSS.  now  deposited  in  it,  but 
was  of  opinion  there  were  none  of  any  note,  —  the 
general  appearance  of  the  establishment  indicating 
to  him  something  similar  to  what  is  called  a 
"  grinding "  school  for  students  attending  the 
Scotch  Universities.  From  incidental  notices  of 
it  which  I  have  read  it  suffered  greatly  in  its 
former  riches  and  importance  at  the  Revolution 
of  1792.  Among  other  historical  transactions 
connected  with  it, 

"  In  1560  Archbishop  Beaton  retired  into  France,  es- 
corted by  a  detachment  of  the  forces  of  that  nation  which 
were  then  stationed  at  Glasgow,  taking  with  him  all  the 
writings,  documents,  and  plate  which  pertained  to  the 
See  and  University  of  Glasgow,  with  every  other  move- 
able  of  value  which  belonged  to  the  Archbishoprick.  .  .  . 
He  died  at  Paris  on  24th  of  August,  1603,  and  left  every 
thing  he  took  from  Glasgow  to  the  Scots  College  at  Paris, 
and  to  the  Monastery  of  the  Carthusians,  to  be  returned 
to  Glasgow  so  soon  as  its  inhabitants  returned  to  the  Mother 
Church."  —  Annals  of  Glasgoiv,  by  James  Cleland,  1816, 
i.  p.  120. 

The  mace  at  present  carried  before  the  Uni- 
versity Professor  is  said  to  be  one  of  these  ancient 
articles  above  referred  to  subsequently  recovered, 
and  through  whose  influence  I  do  not  know ;  but 
transcripts  of  charters  and  other  interesting  and 
valuable  papers  have  also  been  obtained  by  the 
University. 

To  N".  H.  R.'s  inquiries  for  information  as  to 
"  James  II.  and  the  Pretender,"  it  may  be  in- 
teresting to  peruse  the  following  cutting  from  a 
Catalogue  of  Relics  sold  in  Glasgow  by  public 
auction  on  13th  December  last  by  Messrs.  M'Tear 
&  Kempt,  and  which,  besides,  may  be  worth  pre- 
servation in  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  :  — 

"JACOBITE   RELICS. 

100  Scarlet  Cloth  Coat,  Elaborately  Embellished  Avith 

Rich  Silver-Gilt  Embroidery,  and  in  very  fine 
Preservation. 

101  Scarlet  vest  do.  do.  do. 

jg^  These  two  Lots  belonged  to,  and  were  worn  by, 
Field  Marshall  Stuart,  aftenoards  the  Cardinal 
York  (Brother  to  Prince  Charles  Edward  Stuart), 
and  were  worn  by  him  at  the  Marriage  of  the 
Dauphin  of  France  to  Marie  Antoinette. 

102  White  Satin  Coat,  richly  Embroidered  in  Silver  Gilt. 

103  Cloth  of  Gold  and  Silver  Vest. 

<gT  These  two  Lots  belonged  to  "  Prince  Charlie." 
%*  The  above  four  lots  are  undoubted  genuine  Jacobite 


Relics,  and  are  in  remarkably  fine  preservation.  They 
were  purchased  by   Mr.  Aitken  at  the  Sale  of  the 
Effects  of  the  late  Mr.  Edgar,  in  1831.     Mr.  Edgar, 
who  was  the  representative  of  the  Edgars  of  Keithock 
and  Wedderlie,  was  Secretary  to  the  Cardinal  York 
at  the  time  of  his  death  at  Rome,  and  these  articles,  \ 
along  with  many  other  valuable  relics,    were   be- 
queathed to  him  by  the  Cardinal,  for  the  long  and   i 
faithful  adherence  of  the  Edgar  family  to  the  Stuarts ; 
so  that  their  authenticity  is  beyond  doubt.      Such   j 
unique  and  genui»e  relics  of  "  Bonnie  Prince  Charlie  " 
are  now  exceedingly  rare  and  valuable,  and  it  is   I 
very  improbable  that  such  fine  specimens  will  find   * 
their  way  into  the  market  again. 

"  It  will  be  seen,  by  the  following  letter  from  Mr.  Dun- 
can, the  painter  of  '  Prince  Charles  Entering  Edin- 
burgh,' the  high  opinion  he  entertained  of   them:    ? 
and  it  may  be  stated  that  they  were  introduced  by 
the  Artist  into  that  celebrated  picture. 

"  3,  Gloucester  Place,  Edinburgh, 
August  21st,  1838. 

"My  Dear  Sir, 

"  I  am  going  to  trouble  you  to  use  your  influ- 
ence with  the  Messrs.  Aitken," Jewellers,  and  would 
be  greatly  obliged  to  j-ou  and  them,  if  they,  through 
you,  would  lend  me  the  Cardinal  de  York's  Coat. 

"  Amongst  other  things,  I  have  lately  been  going 
on  with  Prince  Charlie's  entry,  and  have  introduced 
an  Old  Baron  of  Bradwardine  sort  of  character, 
who  would  become  such  a  Coat  well,  and  in  this, 
and  one  or  two  other  figures,  a  hint  or  view  from 
this  coat  would  be  of  immense  benefit.  If  they  will 
allow  me  to  have  it  for  a  fortnight  or  so,  I  can  only 
say,  that  I  would  pay  the  worth  of  it  (and  I  believe 
it  to  be  very  valuable)  if  it  received  the  slightest 
injury  through  me,  and  would  also,  of  course,  pay 
the  expense  of  the  packing  box  to  send  it  in,  &c.  I 
know  it  is  asking  a  great  deal,  but  the  truth  is,  I 
do  not  know  of  another  specimen  of  the  kind  except 
at  Glammis  Castle.  Murray  of  the  Theatre  has 
nothing  that  would  do.  I  have  got  two  Magnificent 
Swords  from  Clanranald,  which  belonged  to  Pilnce 
Charlie.  Will  you  be  so  good  as  let  me  know,  at 
your  earliest  convenience,  whether  I  am  to  have  the 
aforesaid  garments. 

"  (Signed)        THOMAS  DUNCAN."'  > 

The  above  lots  brought  in  the  whole  the  sum 

of  20/.,  but  from  the  quantity  of  gold  and  silver 

in  their  ornamentation,  the  price  was  believed  to 

be  below  their  intrinsic  value. 

About  the  period  before  referred  to  (1831)  a 
family  of  the  name  of  Edgar  resided  in  the  North 
Quarter  of  Glasgow.  I  am  not  aware  in  wbat 
degree  of  relationship  they  stood  to  Mr.  Edgar, 
who  was  Secretary  to  Cardinal  York.  At  the 
decease  of  one  of  the  family  a  large  collection  of 
articles  (the  foregoing  included)  which  were  un- 
derstood to  have  been  sent  from  Rome,  were  then, 
as  I  remember,  disposed  of  by  public  sale  in 
Glasgow  ;  and  among  them  two  portraits  of  Prince 
Charles,  oil  miniatures,  painted  on  copper,  in 
oval  ebony  frames,  were  purchased  by  an  ac- 
quaintance of  mine,  after  whose  death  long  since 
they  fell  into  the  possession  of  a  country  gentle- 
man in  the  neighbourhood  of  the  city. 

Disposed  of  at  the  same  sale  of  the  late 


2nd  S.  IX.  MAIS.  31.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


249 


Aitken's  stock.     (Cutting  from  Catalogue  of  13th 
December,  1859)  ; 
"  108  Native-Gold  Coronation  Medal  of  Charles  I. 

"  The  Coronation  Medal  of  Charles  I.  struck  at 
Edinburgh  for  his  inauguration,  June  7,  1663,  is 
remarkable  as  being  the  only  one  ever  coined  of 
Scottish  gold,  and  the  first  in  Britain  struck  with 
the  legend  on  the  edges.  Of  these  Medals,  only 
three  are  known  to  exist,  of  which  one  is  in  the  Mu- 
seum."— Encyclopaedia  Sritannica. 

"  Very  fine  gold  has  been  found  in  the  rivers  and 
brooks  of  Scotland,  whereof  a  few  Medals  were  struck 
at  the  Coronation  of  King  Charles  I.  of  England." — 
Vide  Brook's  Natural  History,  vol.  V.  page  143., 
1772. 

"  Another  Medal  was  in  the  possession  of  Macin- 
tyre  of  Steuartfield,  Argyleshire.  This  one  is  sup- 
posed to  be  the  third." 


MONSIEUR  TASSIES. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  102.) 

For  a  series  of  years,  at  the  end  of  the  last  cen- 
tury, the  French  readings  of  a  Monsieur  le  Texier 
were  among  the  fashionable  amusements  of  the 
higher  classes.  Is  Tassics  the  mis-spelling  of 
Texier  ? 

Boaclen,  in  his  Life  of  John  Philip  KentUe,  8vo., 
1825  (vol.  i.  p.  253.),  has  left  us  an  interesting 
description  of  these  readings,  which  I  extract :  — 

"  Le  Texier  was  at  this  time  (1785)  attended  by  a 
very  fashionable  circle  at  his  house  in  Lisle  Street,  Lei- 
cester Square.  My  younger  readers  may  thank  me  for 
some  description  of  the  place  and  the  performance.  The 
whole  wore  the  appearance  of  an  amusement  in  a  private 
house.  On  ascending  the  great  staircase,  you  were  re- 
ceived in  M.  le  Texier's  library,  and  from  that  instant 
you  seemed  to  be  so  incontestibly  in  France  (as  Sterne 
has  it)  that  the  very  fuel  was  wood,  and  burnt  upon  dogs 
instead  of  the  English  grate.  You  then  passed  into  the 
reading  room,  and  met  a  dressed  and  refined  part}',  who 
treated  him  as  their  host  invariably.  His  servants 
brought  you  tea  and  coffee,  in  the  interval  between  the 
readings,  silently  and  respectfully.  Le  Texier,  too,  him- 
self came  into  the  library  at  such  pauses,  and  saluted  his 
more  immediate  acquaintance.  A  small  bell  announced 
that  the  readings  were  about  to  commence.  He  was 
usually  rather  elegant  in  his  dress ;  his  countenance  was 
handsome,  and  his  features  flexible  to  every  shade  of  dis- 
crimination. Le  Texier.  sat  at  a  small  desk  with  lights, 
and  began  the  reading  immediately  upon  his  entrance. 
He  read  chiefly  Moliere,  and  the  "petites  pieces  of  the 
French  Theatre;  but  how  he  read  them  as  he  did,  as  it 
astonished  Voltaire,  La  Harpe,  and  Marmontel,  so  it  may 
reasonably  excite  my  lasting  wonder.  He  marked  his 
various  characters  by  his  countenance,  even  before  he 
spoke;  and  shifted  from  one  to  the  other  without  the 
slightest  difficulty,  or  possibility  of  mistake.  In  Paris 
he  had  at  first  even  changed  the  dress  of  the  characters 
rapidly,  but  still  sufficiently :  this,  to  our  taste,  was  pan- 
tomimic and  below  him.  'He  had  that  within  which 
passeth  show,'— a  power  of  seizing  all  the  fleeting  indica- 
tions of  character,  and  '  with  a  learned  spirit  of  human 
dealing,'  placing  them  in  an  instant  before  you,  as  dis- 
tinct as  individual  nature,  as  various  as  the  great  mass  of 
society.  He  did  all  this,  too,  without  seeming  effort;  it 
in  somewhat  of  a  different  acceptation,  a  play  both 


to  him  and  to  his  audience.  There  was  no  noise ;  little 
or  no  action  ;  a  wafture  of  the  hands  to  one  side  indicated 
the  exit  of  the  person.  I  cannot  assign  a  preference  to 
the  reading  of  any  one  character  in  the  piece :  they  all 
equally  partook  of  his  feeling  or  his  humour.  •  To  my 
judgment,  he  was  as  true  in  the  delicacy  of  the  timid 
virgin,  as  in  the  grossest  features  of  the  bourgeois  gentil- 
homme.  I  will  venture  to  say,  that  no  intelligent  visitor 
of  Le  Texier  can  think  differently  of  his  astonishing 
talents." 

Comparing  this  account  with  the  passage  in 
Michael  Lort's  letter,  as  quoted  by  J.  Y.,  your 
readers  will  agree  with  me  in  believing  that  M. 
Tassies  and  M.  le  Texier  are  one  and  the  same 
individual.  This  fact  established,  it  would  be  in- 
teresting to  know  something  more  about  M.  le 
Texier.  EDWARD  F.  RIMBAULT. 


LORD  TRACTON. 
(2r-d  S.  ix.  26.) 

To  open  a  way  to  the  Querist's  pedigree  of 
Lord  Tracton.  By  his  mother,  AnneBullen,  Lord 
Tr acton  was  of  the  Bullen,  or  Boleyn  blood, — a 
family,  or  rather  branch  of  that  family,  eminent 
for  numbering  amongst  its  daughters  the  queen  of 
the  Reformation,  Anna  Bullen  (anciently  Boleyn), 
and  (previously  to  her  elevation)  eminent  for 
their  high  alliances  with  Lord  Hoo,  the-Duke  of 
Norfolk,  and  the  Earl  of  Ormonde.  The  branch 
from  which  Lord  Tracton  sprung  were  settled, 
with  diminished  fortunes  in  comparison  with  their 
former  higli  aspiration?,  and  have  remained,  at 
Kinsale,  a  small  town  (yet  famous  in  history),  for 
some  centuries,  as  gentlemen  of  certainly  inde- 
pendent property ;  and  the  daughters  of  the  Irish 
branch  have  intermarried  with  the  Dennises 
(Lord  Tracton's  family)  ;  with  the  Chappies  (con- 
nexions of  Lord  Grantley's  family).  Mrs.  Edith 
Chappie,  remarkable  for  personal  beauty,  was 
sister  to  my  great  grandfather,  to  whom  Lord 
Tracton  was  cousin  german.  Mrs.  Elizabeth 
Hayes  was  niece  of  Edith  Chappie. 

The  three  last  daughters  of  this  branch  mar- 
ried, viz.  Elizabeth,  only  surviving  child  of  Joseph 
Bullen  by  his  first  marriage  with  Miss  Heard, 
first  cousin  of  the  late  M.P.  for  Kinsale,  mar- 
ried to  the  late  Lieut.  John  Crosbie  Fuller 
Harnett,  27th  Regiment,  youngest  son  of  Coun- 
sellor Fuller  Harnett,  a  relative  of  John  Crosbie, 
Earl  of  Glandore.  This  officer  served  through 
the  Peninsular  war. 

Joseph  Bullen's  second  marriage  with  the  only 
sister  of  the  late  Lieut.-General  Sir  Thomas  Ray- 
nell,  Bart.,  K.C.B.  (who  was  himself  married  to  a 
daughter  of  the  first  Marquis  of  Waterford),  was 
without  issue. 

Susan,  Joseph  Bullen's  eldest  daughter  by  his 
third  marriage  with  Miss  Wakeham,  married  to 
Noble  Johnson,  Esq.,  Rockenham,  on  the  river 
Lee. 


250 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAR.  31. 


Christian,  the  youngest  daughter,  married  to 
Joseph  Martin,  Esq.,  of  Windsor  Hill,  County  of 
Cork. 

From  the  same  branch,  in  a  more  distant  line 
than  that  of  Lord  Tracton's  mother,  spring  the 
Penroses  of  Woodhill,  county  of  Cork,  and  Sir 
Charles  Wentworth  Burdett,  Bart.,  in  the  female 
line. 

This  gives  the  status  and  position  of  Lord  Trac- 
ton's family  by  the  mother's  side.  I  have  given 
her  nieces  and  grand  nieces  en  suite  with  her. 

Lord  Tracton's  only  sister's  descendants,  the 
Swift  Dennis  family,  may  give  his  male  descent. 

My  grandfather,  Joseph  Bulien,  was  for  some 
time  heir  in  remainder,  by  Lord  Tracton's  will,  to 
his  estate  until  after  the  marriage  of  his  nephew, 
Swift  Dennis. 

The  late  General  Sir  James  Dennis,  who  was 
distantly  related  to  me,  must  have  been  of  his 
family. 

It  is  curious  the  bull's  head  is  still  the  crest  of 
my  uncle,  Thomas  Bulien  (who,  since  the  decease 
of  his  brother,  Lieut.  Joseph  Bulien,  H.M.  88th 
Regiment,  represents  the  family),  as  it  was  that  of 
the  unfortunate  Queen  Anna :  vide  Miss  Benger's 
History  of  that  Queen.  Her  portraits  at  Warwick 
Castle  and  elsewhere  bear  a  resemblance  scarcely 
fanciful  to  present  members  of  my  family. 

JOHN  CROSBIE  FULLER  HARNETT, 

Late  Captain,  2nd  W.  I.  Reg. 

37.  Upper  Gloucester  Street,  Dublin. 


THE  MACAULAY  FAMILY  (2nd  S.  ix.  44.  86.)  — 
I  suspect  that  all  attempts  to  connect  the  late  his- 
torian's family  with  persons  of  aristocratic  emin- 
ence will  prove  failures.  Without  denying  that 
there  may  have  been  a  landed  man  of  the  name,  I 
must  recall  all  speculators  on  this  subject  to  the 
well-known  fact,  that  the  Macaulays,  as  a  whole, 
were  one  of  a  number  of  tribes  dependent  on  the 
Mackenzies  of  Kintail,  latterly  Earls  of  Seaforth  : 
"  hewers  of  wood  and  drawers  of  water,"  I  have 
heard  a  Mackenzie  call  them,  but  that  were  per- 
haps too  strong  a  term.  Although  an  admirer  of 
the  late  baron,  I  am  wicked  enough  to  suspect 
that,  if  he  had  had  anything  illustrious  to  look 
back  to  in  his  Highland  pedigree,  he  would  not 
have  given  quite  so  unhandsome  an  account  of 
the  Scottish  mountaineers  as  he  has  done — a  pic- 
ture which  could  easily  be  shown  to  be  more  un- 
favourable than  truth  will  warrant.  The  real 
turning-point  of  the  genealogical  history  of  Lord 
Macaulay  was  the  accident  of  his  aunt  falling  in 
with  and  marrying  a  young  English  gentleman  of 
good  position,  for  thereby  was  the  gate  of  distinc- 
tion opened  to  his  father,  and  consequently  to 
himself.  It  is  remarkable  of  his  Lordship,  that, 
although  he  represented  a  Scottish  city  for  several 
years  in  parliament,  his  general  deportment  to- 


-60. 


wards  Scotland  was  unsympathising.  I  question 
if  he  ever  made  the  personal  acquaintance  of 
twelve  gentlemen  of  his  large  constituency  here. 
He  shyed  his  Scottish  connexion. 

PHILO-BALEDON 

Edinburgh. 

ELIZABETH  BLACKWELL,  M.D.  (2nd  S.  ix.  78. 
—  As  another  precedent  for  the  laudable  an 
spirited  conduct  of  this  lady,  I  would  mention  the 
instance  of  Agnodice,  who  is  thus  noticed  by 
Hofman  in  a  quotation  from  Hyginus  : — 

"  Agnodice  virgo  medecinam  discere  cupiens  abscissd 
coma,  habitu  virili  sumpto,  se  Hierophilo  cuidam  tradidit 
in  disci plinam,  a  quo  probfc  edocta  parturientium  mulie- 
rum  morbis  medebatur,  quas  sexus  sui  clam  certas  facie- 
bat.  Tandem  a  niedecis  dolentitris,  se  ad  foeminas  non 
amplius  adminos,  in  judicium  pertracta,  quod  dicerent 
hunc  esse  illarum  corruptorem,  coram  Areopagitis  tunicsi 
allevata,  se  fceminam  esse  ostendit.  Tune  Athenienses 
legem  emendantes,  artem  medicam  discere  mulieribus 
ingenuis  permiserunt." 

X. 

West  Derby. 

LONDON  RIOTS  IN  1780  :  LIGHT  HORSE  VOLUN- 
TEERS (2nd  S.  ix.  198.)— The  services  of  this  regi- 
ment were  so  highly  appreciated  by  the  King  and 
the  authorities  of  the  City  of  London,  that  His 
Majesty  presented  the  corps  with  a  standard  of 
Light  Dragoons,  and  the  Common  Council  re- 
solved on  the  19th  of  June,  "That  a  handsome 
pair  of  standards,  with  the  city  arms,  be  pre- 
sented to  the  Light  Horse  Volunteers,  and  that 
the  Committee  of  the  City  lands  be  directed  to 
provide  the  said  standards." 

These  standards  were  lodged  in  the  Tower  in 
1829,  and  there  await  the  loyal  gentlemen  of  the 
City  to  be  unfurled  a  third  time  in  defence  of 
their  country.  TRETANE. 

ROBERT  SEAGRAVE  (2nd  S.  ix.  142.)  was 
of  Clare  Hall,  Cambridge,  B.A.  1714,  M.A. 
1718,  and  took  orders  in  the  Church  of  England. 
Watt  enumerates  only  two  works  by  him.  Mr. 
Wilson  {History  of  Dissenting  Churches^  ii.  559.) 
mentions  two  others,  but  seems  not  to  have  heard 
of  those  mentioned  by  Watt.  Of  one  of  the 
works  mentioned  by  Mr.  Wilson  he  gave  the  date, 
but  not  the  place  of  publication.  Of  the  other 
he  gives  neither  date  nor  place  of  publication. 
We  regret  that  MR.  SEDGWIGK  is  not  more  spe- 
cific as  to  Mr.  Seagrave's  various  tracts.  We 
shall  be  glad  of  the  title  of  the  hymn-book  men- 
tioned by  your  correspondent,  and  the  dates  of 
the  various  edition?. 

C.  II.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 
Cambridge. 

BURIAL  IN  A  SITTING  POSTURE  (2nd  S.  ix.  44.) — 
In  Clavigero's  Hislory  of  Mexico  is  a  romantic 
tale  of  the  burial  of  a  princess  in  this  posture ; 
and  I  think  other  examples  will  be  found  in  Peru. 

F.  C.  B. 


; 


2"*  S.  IX.  MAI:.  31.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


251 


GRUB  STREET  AND  JOHN  FOXB  (2nd  S.  ix.  163.) 

Among   the   notes  upon  the  history  of  Grub 

Street  here  given  is  the  following  passage  :  —  "  It 
was  in  Grub  Street  that  John  Foxe  the  Martyro- 
logist  wrote  his  Acts  and  Monuments^"  ^  Now, 
seein^  that  the  Book  of  Martyrs  (as  it  is  more 
commonly  called)  was  published  in  15G3,  and  the 
second  edition  in  1570,  the  statement  thus  made 
is  directly  in  contradiction  to  the  following  pas- 
sage of  the  Life  of  John  Foxe  (edit,  1841,  p.  194.) 
by  Mr.  Canon  Townsend  :  — 

"  Many  letters  in  the  Harleiau  collection  illustrate  the 
influence  of  Foxe  at  this  time.  They  are  addressed  to 
him  in  Grub  Street ;  and  must  therefore,  though  no  date 
appears  on  them,  have  been  written  after  1572.  A  letter 
from  Foxe  to  one  of  his  neighbours,  who  had  so  built  his 
house  as  to  darken  Foxe's  windows,  is  curious  as  a  speci- 
men of  religious  expostulation,  for  an  injury  which  pos- 
sibly he  could  not  afford  to  remedy  by  law." 

In  the  next  page  Mr.  Townsend  inserts  a  letter 
addressed  "To  the  worshipfull  and  his  singular 
good  frende  Mr.  Foxe,  dwellinge  in  Grubb 
Street,  this  be  given  with  speed,  from  Oxford." 
And  this  is  dated,  "From  Oxford  the  xx.  of  No- 
vember, 1571  ;"  thus,  on  the  other  hand,  dis- 
proving Mr.  Townsend's  assertion,  to  which  it 
stands  opposite.  Indeed,  that  biographer  does 
not  inform  us  why  the  letters  -addressed  to  Foxe 
in  Grub  Street,  "  must  have  been  written  after 
1572:*  As  far  as  I  can  conjecture,  that  notion 
may  have  been  suggested  to  him  by  his  imagining 
that  Fcxe  was  lodged  in  the  mansion  of  the  Duke 
of  Norfolk  until  that  nobleman's  disgrace  and 
execution  in  1572.  But  such  was  not  the  fact ; 
for,  though  he  was  sheltered  by  the  Duke  for  a 
time,  he  seems  long  before  that  date  to  have  had  a 
house  of  his  own.  Altogether,  it  appears  very 
doubtful  when  Foxe  went  to  Grub  Street,  and 
how  long  he  resided  there.* 

JOHN  GOUGH  NICHOLS. 

B.  H.  C.  will  find,  in  the  Memoirs  of  the  Society 
of  Grub  Street,  a  good  account  of  the  origin  and 
progress  of  the  literary  notoriety  of  that  street. 
It  is  a  singular  work  in  two  volumes,  12mo.  1737. 

G.  OFFOR. 

THE  Music  OF  "  THE  TWA  CORBIES  "  (2nd  S. 
ix.  143.)  —  It  is  to  be  found  in  Alexander  Camp- 
bell's musical  work,  Albyn's  Anthology  ;  also  in  a 
small  privately-printed  volume  of  R.  Chambers's, 
Twelve  Romantic  Scottish  Ballads,  ivith  the  Origi- 
nal Airs  arranged  for  the  Pianoforte,  1844. 

PHILO-BALEDON. 

Edinburgli. 

[*  In  our  note  on  Grub  Street  we  stated,  on  the  au- 
thority of  Klmes's  London,  that  "  the  name  was  changed 
into  that  of  Milton  Street  from  a  respectable  builder  so 
called,  who  purchased  the  whole  street  on  a  repairing 
lease."  We  are  assured,  however,  by  a  gentleman  who 
was  present  at  the  meeting  when  its  nomenclature  was 
discussed,  that  it  was  so  named  after  the  great  poet,  from 
his  having  resided  in  the  locality ED.] 


BOLLED  (2nd  S.  ix.  28.)—  The  word  «JJ,  gevof, 
in  Exodus  (ix.  31.)  translated  boiled,  does  not 
occur  elsewhere  in  Hebrew,  nor  is  it  found  in 
other  Shemitic  languages  ;  but  Andrew  Muller 
contends  that  it  is  an  Egyptian  word  meaning 
exire  (Celsii,  Hierob.  ii.  283.).  Although  there  is 
extant  no  authority  for  such  various  reading,  I 
conceive  that  this  word,  idem  sojians,  may  have 
been  originally  written  /-HS,  gevool,  meaning  end, 


terminus,  from  the  same  root  as 


n 


Arabic,  meaning  thick,  large.  The  word  boll  or 
bole  in  English  appears,  from  Tyrwhitt's  Glossary 
to  Chance?',  to  be  from  the  Anglo-Saxon  bollen 
(passive  participle  of  bolge),  sivolten.  There  is  a 
general  consent  amongst  the  translators  that  it 
means  in  this  passage  in  seed.  "  The  small  blue 
indented  flowers  [of  flax]  produce  large  globular 
seed-vessels  divided  within  into  ten  cells,  each 
containing  a  bright  slippery  elongated  seed." 
(VEGETABLE  SUBSTANCES,  L.  E.  K.  p.  8.) 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 
Lichfield. 

CHEVALIER  GALLINI  (2nd  S.  ix.  147.)  —  I  was 
personally  acquainted  with  three  members  of  this 
family,  persons  of  amiable  and  independent  posi- 
tion :  two  of  them  built  a  chapel,  and  did  other 
good  works.  The  property  also  went  through  the 
ordeal  of  a  Chancery  suit.  Before  supplying  far- 
ther details,  I  should  like  to  see  that  the  object 
is  legitimate,  and  not  to  satisfy  a  prurient  curi- 
osity, which  too  often  prompts  the  publicity  of 
any  remarkable  details  concerning  a  family  to  the 
annoyance  of  its  existing  members.  What  Bright 
has  the  public  to  personal  matters  as  to  a  family, 
whether  of  Gallini,  or  Beau  Nash,  or  any  other 
private  person  ?  NASH. 

Adelphi. 

OLIVER  CROMWELL'S  KNIGHTS,  &c.  (2nd  S.  viii. 
passim.)  —  By  way  of  addition  to  your  correspon- 
dents' communications  on  this  subject,  I  have 
noted  a  list  of  knights  made  by  the  Protector 
upon  a  special  occasion,  which  is  to  be  found 
among  the  Harl.  MSS.,  where  the  arms  and  crests 
arc  tricked :  — 

"  Theis  fifteen  knights  made  by  Oliver  as  followetli 
when  he  dyned  at  Guildhall,  which  was  1653:  — 

"Sir  Tho.  Vyner,  Kt,  Lord  Mayor;  Sir  Chr.  Pack, 
Kt. ;  Sir  Rob.  Tichborne,  Kt. ;  Sir  Rich.  Combs  (Hertf.) ; 
Sir  Edw.  Warde  (Norff.) ;  Sir  Tho.  Andrews ;  Sir  Tho. 
Atkin;  Sir  Tho.  Foote;  Sir  Hen.  Ingoldsby,  Baronet; 
Sir  Rich.  Cheverton,  Lo.  Mayor ;  Sir  Hen.  Pickering ;  Sir 
John  Barksted  (London) ;  Sir  John  Dethick ;  Sir  James 
Drax  (of  YVoodhall  in  Yorksh.) ;  Sir  Hen.  Wright,  Baro- 
net (Essex)." 

The  second  part  of  the  Florus  Anglicus,  by  J. 
D.  Gent,  contains  (pp.  256,  257.)  a  list  of  sixty- 
two  persons  who  were  by  Cromwell  created  Peers 
of  the  land.  CL.  HOPPER. 


252 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


2«d  s.  IX.  MAR.  31.  '60. 


SIR  BERNARD  DE  GOMME  (2nd  S.  ix.  221.)  — 
In  a  communication  recently  received  from  a  gen- 
tleman at  the  Tower,  whom  I  had  asked  for  infor- 
mation about  Sir  Bernard,  are  given  extracts  from 
the  Registry  of  Burials  kept  in  the  Tower  chapel. 
Under  the  year  1685  occur  these  entries  :  — 

"Lady  Katherine  de  Gomme,  Oct.  19th." 
"  Sir  Bernard  de  Gomme,  Surveyor  of  Ordnance,  Nov. 
30th." 

The  words  "  Surveyor  of  Ordnance  "  seem  to  have 
been  written  in  different  ink  to  the  rest  of  the  re- 
cord, at  a  later  date.  I  conclude  Sir  Bernard 
must  have  been  buried  outside  the  walls  of  the 
chapel,  as  his  name  does  not  appear  among  those 
buried  inside.  No  tombstone,  tablet,  or  monu- 
ment can  be  traced  to  his  memory. 

D.  W.  S.  and  I  have  evidently  the  same  object 
in  view,  and  I  hope  he  may  pursue  his  inquiries 
to  our  mutual  enlightenment.  M.  S.  R. 

Brompton  Barracks. 

CLERICAL  INCUMBENTS  (1st  S.  xi.  407. ;  2nd  S.ix.  8. 
73.) — Mention  has  been  made  in  "  N.  &  Q."  of  in- 
cumbents who  have  held  their  benefices  for  long 
periods,  and  I  have  directed  my  attention  particu- 
larly to  ascertain  such  cases  :  still  I  have  not  met 
with  any  well-authenticated  instance  equalling 
that  of  the  Rev.  Potter  Cole,  who  died  March  24, 
1802,  having  been  vicar  of  Hawkesbury  seventy- 
three  years,  as  stated  by  your  correspondent 
LAMBDA,  upon  indubitable  authority.  Think- 
ing it  curious^  and  that  it  may  interest  your 
readers,  I  annex  a  list  of  such  clergymen  holding 
benefices  prior  to  1800,  as  are  supposed  to  be  now 
living ;  still  it  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  it  may 
be  only  approximating  rather  than  perfectly  ac- 
curate, and  that  I  may  say  in  the  words  of  Horace, 
Lib.  i.  Od.  xi., 

"     .        .        dum  loquimur,  fugerit  invida 
^Etas." 
Names  of  "  the  Rev.,! 


Richmond,  Surrey. 

The  Rev.  Robert  Pointer,  who  died  in  1838, 
and  his  father  Rev.  James  Pointer,  held  the  en- 
dowed vicarage  of  Southoe  near  St.  Neots  for 
ninety  years. 

At  the  restoration  of  Southoe  church  last  year, 
a  very  fine  stone  to  the  memory  of  John  de  Cly- 
peston,  a  former  rector,  was  broken  into  fragment?, 
which  were  inserted  in  the  walls  near  the  roof. 
The  inscription,  mentioned  in  the  Heralds'  Visita- 


the Incumbents 
Joliffe,  P.W.  -    -     - 
Oakes,  James  R.  -    - 
Lloyd,  G.  W.  -     -    - 
Cory,  Jas.   -     -     -     - 
Eyre,  C.Wolff     -    - 
Guerin,  J,  -    -    -     - 
Bromby,  J.  H.      -    - 
Allen  W    -     -    -     - 

-  1791. 
-  1792. 
-  1793. 

-  1796. 
-  1796. 
-  1797. 
-  1798. 

1  7QQ 

Benefices. 
Poole. 
Tostock. 
Gresley. 
Shereford. 
Hooton-Roberts. 
Norton-Fitz  warren. 
Hull. 
Narburgh. 
Upminster. 

Holden,  Jas.  R.     -    - 

-  1799. 

tion  of  1613  as  "cut  in  stone,  very  ould,"  was  as 
legible  as  if  recently  executed.  See  Visitation  of 
Huntingdonshire  published  by  the  Camden  Society, 
Lond.  1848,  4to.  p.  42.  JOSEPH  Rix. 

St.  Neots. 

The  late  incumbent  of  Hedenham,  Norfolk, 
was  presented  to  that  living  in  1812,  and  died 
in  December,  1858 ;  his  immediate  predeces- 
sor was  rector  for  nearly  fifty  years.  To  the 
rectory  of  Denton,  Norfolk,  George  Sandby,  D.D. 
was  presented  in  1750  ;  he  died  in  1807,  in  which 
year  William  Chester,  M.A.  was  presented ;  he 
died  in  1838  (November),  and  the  present  rector, 
William  Arundeli  Bouverie,  B.D.,  was  presented 
in  1839.  SELRACH. 

SYMPATHETIC  SNAILS  (2nd  S.  viii.  503.;  ix. 
72.)  —  It  was  in  the  year  1850  that  the  question 
of  sympathy  between  snails  was  discussed  at  Paris. 
Most  people,  of  course,  laughed  at  the  whimsical 
theory.  There  were,  however,  real  believers  in 
the  "  telegraphe  escargotique."  I  myself  when  at 
Paris  heard  a  not  undistinguished  savant  express 
his  full  assent  to  its  possibility.  The  theory  and 
modus  operandi  were,  I  believe,  as  follows.  It  was 
maintained  as  a  positive  fact  that  the  result  of 
juxta-location  in  some  of  the  lower  class  of  ani- 
mals, such  as  snails,  and  of  these  that  species 
especially  called  by  the  French  escargot*  was  a 
complete  sympathy,  and  a  quasi  identity  of  func- 
tion and  movement.  If  one,  ex.  g.,  protruded  its 
feelers,  the  other  would  immediately  do  the  same. 
This  sympathy,  moreover,  after  the  two  creatures 
had  been  kept  together  for  a  certain  time,  would 
not  be  affected  by  separation  or  removal  to  any 
distance,  even  to  the  other  side  of  the  Atlantic"! 
It  would,  therefore,  only  be  requisite  to  arrange  a 
preconcerted  set  of  signals,  and  the  telegraph  would 
be  established.  Touch,  for  instance,  the  creature's 
head,  thereby  causing  a  movement  or  some  kind 
of  commotion  at  that  spot ;  that  might  stand  for  A. 
Touch  the  tail,  and  let  that  stand  for  B,  and  so 
on.  This  being  arranged,  let  any  gentleman  take 
one  of  these  escargots  to  New  York,  leaving  the 
other  with  his  correspondent  at  Paris :  the  result 
would  be  a  communication  with  the  Paris  Bourse, 
without  troubling  two  great  nations  to  employ 
their  Agamemnons  and  Niagaras,  and  expending 
enormous  wealth  and  appliances  in  laying  down 
Atlantic  cables  !  Risum  teneatis  ? 

JOHN  WILLIAMS. 
Arno's  Court. 

Your  correspondent  will  find  some  account  of 
sympathetic  snails  in  Letters  on  Animal  Magnetism, 
by  the  late  Dr.  Gregory,  professor  of  chemistry  in 
the  Edinburgh  University.  W.  D. 

FALCONER'S  "VOYAGES"  (2nd  S.  ix.  66.) — I 
would  endorse  the  editor's  assignment  of  this  to 
Chetwood  by  recording  the  authority :  The  British 
Theatre,  containing  the  Lives  of  the  English  Dra- 


2«a  S.  IX.  M  AR.  31.  '60.  j 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


253 


:  j  mafic  Poets,  $'C.,  8vo.  1752.     The  compiler  of  this 

>     acknowledges  great  obligations  to  Chetwood,  and 

;  j  under  his  name,  besides  the  usual  works  ascribed 
to  him,  says  "he  wrote  several  pieces  of  enter- 

.  tainment,  particularly  Faulkner's,  Boyle's  and 
Vaugharis  Voyages"  Lowndes  only  notices  the 
Falconer  of  1724,  leading  to  the  conclusion  that 
it  was  then  first  published.  This  was,  however, 
the  second  edition  :  the  first,  in  my  possession,  is  a 
goodly  octavo,  with  a  frontispiece  by  Cole,  repre- 
senting the  Indians  preparing  to  burn  a  prisoner 
tied  to  a  tree,  printed  for  W.  Chetwood,  1720, 
marking  it  as  the  earliest  imitation  of  Defoe's 

i  Crusoe.     The   Voyages  and  Adventures  of  Capt. 

1  Robert  Boyle  is  usually  described  as  an  octavo  of 
1 1724.  I  have  that  impression  of  the  book,  with  a 
frontispiece  by  Vandergucht,  but  it  bears  on  the 
!  face  of  it  second  edition.  When  was  it  originally 
published?  And,  finally,  while  upon  the  subject 
of  these  fictitious  voyages,  who  wrote  The  Hermit; 
or,  the  Unparalleled  Adventures  of  Philip  Quarll  *, 
octavo,  with  a  fine  frontispiece  of  the  Hermit  and 
Beaufidell)  Westminster,  1727,  also  in  my  library  ? 
There  is  a  great  family  resemblance  in  all  the 
books  I  have  named ;  but,  as  the  latter  has  been 
the  most  popular,  there  seems  no  reason  why 
Chetwood  should  ignore  it  as  one  of  his  progeny. 

J.  O. 
BOOK  OF  COMMON  PRAYER,   1679    (2nd   S.  ix. 

1 197.) — The  passage  quoted  by  M.  seems  to  be 
in  part  at  least  a  misprint.  As  I  have  it  in  1685, 
it  reads : 

"  That  it  may  please  Thee  to  bless  and  preserve  our 
I  gracious  Queen  MARY-,  CATHKINE  the  Queen  Dowager, 
•  their  Royal  Highnesses  Mary  Princess  of  Orange,  and  the 
I  Princess  Anne  of  Denmark,  and  all  the  Ko3ral  Family." 

In  the  copy  quoted  by  your  correspondent,  the 

Sinter  appears  to  have  transposed  the  words 
ary  and  Katherine,  and  to  have  substituted 
Mother  for  Dowager.  There  is  but  one  difficulty 
connected  with  this  explanation,  and  it  is  the  re- 
petition of  the  blunder  in  the  other  prayers  for 
the  Royal  Family. 

With  regard  to  the  other  point,  the  confusion 
j  of  dates,  I  have  a  volume  containing  the  Old  and 
New  Testaments  and  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer. 
The  Old  Testament  is  dated  1638,  the  New 
Testament  1664,  and  the  Prayerbook  and  Psalms 
1713.  The  latter  date  is  no  doubt  correct ;  but 
the  New  Testament  is  printed  on  the  same  paper 
and  with  the  same  type  as  the  Old.  The  volume 
is  throughout  uniformly  ruled  with  red  lines. 

B.  H.  C. 

THE  JUDGE'S  BLACK  CAP  (2nd  S.  viii.  130.  193. 

.  406.;  ix.  132.)— That  the  question  of  the 

black  cap  worn  by  judges  on  special  occasions  is 

ill  undecided,  appears  by  a  recurrence  to  the  same 

authorship  of  this  work  was  inquired  after  in 
our  1«  S.  v.  372.— ED.] 


subject  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  and  it  appears  strange  it 
should  remain  so,  as  you  must  have  many  lawyers 
among  your  numerous  readers  —  some  of  whom  as 
antiquaries  ought  to  be  capable  of  settling  all 
doubt  concerning  it.  I  believe  that  no  explana- 
tion hitherto  advanced  has  any  proper  bearing  on 
the  matter ;  but  many  years  since  I  received  an 
explanation  which  appears  satisfactory  from  a 
gentleman,  the  author  of  the  History  of  East  and 
West  Looe  in  Cornwall,  who  had  been  bred  to 
the  law,  and  who  also  was  one  of  the  best  anti- 
quaries of  his  day.  This  gentleman  chanced  to 
be  in  a  court  of  law,  I  think  in  Westminster  Hall, 
when  a  nobleman  made  his  appearance  for  the 
purpose  of  executing  some  legal  process ;  and 
when  the  noble  lord  was  announced  to  the  judge, 
the  latter  proceeded  to  take  his  black  cap  from  its 
case  and  place  it  on  his  head,  wearing  it  so  long 
as  the  nobleman  remained  in  court.  This  remark- 
able action  attracted  my  friend's  notice  and  led  to 
inquiry,  from  which  he  learnt  that  the  cap  was  not 
a  special  emblem  of  death  to  a  culprit ;  that  it 
formed  a  portion  of  the  full  dress  of  legal  function- 
aries :  the  particular  reason  for  putting  it  on 
when  the  awful  sentence  is  pronounced  being, 
that  in  performing  such  a  solemn  duty,  it  would 
be  considered  unbecoming  to  show  anything  short 
of  the  highest  respect,  by  failing  to  be  clothed  in 
the  fulness  of  official  dress.  The  fact  of  wearing 
the  hat  in  Jersey  by  the  jurats  is  consistent 
with  this  explanation,  although  it  may  also  refer 
to  the  practice  of  covering  the  head  as  a  sign 
of  mourning,  as  practised  in  some  countries. 

VIDEO. 

Among  the  various  reasons  which  have  been 
given  for  this  practice,  no  allusion  had  been  made 
to  what  appears  not  unlikely  to  be  the  true  one ; 
simply  that  the  judge  in  assuming  to  himself  the 
highest  function  of  power,  that  of  taking  away 
life,  covers  his  head  in  token  of  then  putting  on 
the  full  dignity  of  the  crown,  whose  representa- 
tive he  is.  There  seems  some  analogy  between 
this  custom  and  that  of  the  highest  powers  of  the 
universities,  the  vice-chancellor  and  proctors, 
remaining  covered  when  seated  in  Convocation  ; 
and  perhaps  one  may  add  that  of  the  members  of 
the  House  of  Commons  remaining  covered  while 
seated.  It  is  curious  that  the  proctors,  when  they 
"walk"  at  the  conferring  of  a  degree,  uncover 
their  heads  as  soon  as  they  rise,  (at  least  such  is 
my  recollection)  just  as  members  of  Parliament 
do  on  leaving  their  seats.  VEBNA. 

GROOM:  HOLE  or  SOUTH  TAWTON  (1st  S.v.57.) 
—  If  your  correspondent,  MR.  E.  DAVIS  PRO- 
THEROE,  will  kindly  favour  me  with  his  address,  I 
believe  I  shall  be  able  to  afford  him  some  inform- 
ation respecting  the  Devonshire  families  in  which 
he  is  interested.  C.  J.  ROBINSON,  Clerk. 

Sevenoaks. 


254 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAR.  31.  '60. 


RADICALS  IN  EUROPEAN  LANGUAGES  (2nd  S.  ix- 
63.  113.)  —  Vans  Kennedy  (lies.  Orig.  princ- 
Lang.  Asia,  etc.,  4to.,  Lend.  1828,)  states  that 
there  are  900  Sanskrit  words  in  the  Greek,  Latin, 
and  Teutonic  languages,  265  in  Persian,  83  in 
Zend,  and  251  in  English.  Of  these  900  roots 
he  allots  339  to  the  Greek,  319  to  the  Latin,  and 
162  to  the  German  (leaving  80  for  the  remaining 
Teutonic  languages).  He  says  there  are  208 
Sanskrit  roots  in  Greek  not  found  in  Latin,  and 
188  in  Latin  not  to  be  met  with  in  Greek,  and 
many  roots  in  Latin  not  in  the  Teutonic  lan- 
guages, and  that  43  are  found  in  German  and 
not  in  English,  and  138  in  English  and  not  in 
German.  "Perhaps,  however,  the  Sanskrit  roots 
in  the  English  language  would  amount  to  between 
300  and  400,  which  moreover  may  be  discovered 
in  composition  of  several  thousand  words  (4  San- 
skrit root-verbs  alone  being  found  in  composi- 
tion of  500  or  600  English  words).  Indeed,  to 
such  an  extent  is  this  the  case,  that  we  can  hardly 
utter  a  sentence  which  does  not  contain  2  or  3 
Sanskrit  roots ;  so  that  most  of  us  might  be 
likened  to  the  Bourgeois  gentilhomme  who  had 
been  speaking  prose  all  his  life  without  knowing 
it.  These  Sanskrit  roots  have  come  into  our 
language  in  various  ways.  We  have  some 
directly,  some  indirectly  through  both  the  Latin 
and  Greek,  some  through  only  one  of  those  lan- 
guages; others  again, 'through  the  Persian,  the 
Teutonic  languages,  and  the  various  Celtic  dia- 
lects. The  Slavonic  languages  contain  a  large 
number  of  Sanskrit  roots  ;  the  Hebrew  and  Arabic 
very  few.  The  Latin  may  be  reduced  to  about 
800  or  900  words,  from  which  the  whole  body  of 
the  language  has  been  built  up.  More  than  half 
of  these  words  may  be  traced  to  the  Greek,  and 
the  remainder  (after  deducting  those  formed  by 
onomatopeia,  and  a  few  from  the  Arabic,  Persian, 
Coptic,  and  the  Celtic  and  Teutonic  languages,) 
chiefly  to  the  Sanskrit,  Phoenician,  and  Hebrew. 

R.  S.  CHARNOCK. 
Gray's  Inn.  fl 

EARLOFNORTHESK'S  EPITAPH  (2nd  S.  viii.  495.) 
— The  only  memorial  to  the  late  Earl  of  Northesk, 
in  St.  Paul's  crypt,  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  Sacred  to  the  Memory  of  William,  7th  Earl  of  Nor- 
thesk,  G.C.B.,  Admiral  of  the  Red,  Rear-Admiral  of 
Great  Britain,  and  Third  in  Command  in  the  glorious 
Victory  of  Trafalgar. 

"  Born  April  10. 1758. 
Died  May  28,  1831." 

ANON. 

SIR  PETER  CAREW  (2nd  S.  ix.  143.)— There  are 
in  the  Lambeth  Library  two  MSS.  relating  to  the 
life  of  Sir  Peter  Carew.  The  first  is  entitled, 
"  The  Life  of  Sir  Peter  Carew  by  John  Vowell 
alias  Hooker"  (Lamb.  MSS.,  605.  1.),  which  was- 
edited  by  me  in  1857;  and  the  second,  "Part  of 
Sir  Peter  Carew's  Life,  extracted  out  of  :i  Dis- 


course writ  by  John  Hooker,  1575"  (Lamb.  MSS., 
621.  35.)  The  latter  is  limited  to  that  portion  of 
Sir  Peter's  career  during  which  he  was  connected 
with  Ireland.  In  some  few  places  there  may  be 
slight  verbal  differences  from  the  first,  as  pointed 
out  by  ABRACADABRA  ;  but,  as  well  as  I  can  re- 
collect, they  very  nearly  coincide.  I  imagine 
that  your  correspondent  quotes  from  a  transcript 
of  the  latter  paper,  which  I  think  I  have  seen  in 
the  British  Museum,  although  I  cannot  lay  my 
hand  on  a  reference  to  it.  JOHN  MACLEAN. 

Hammersmith. 

FLETCHER  FAMILY  (2nd  S.  ix.  162.)— A  fletcher 
is  an  arrow-maker.  Many  such  persons  must 
have  come  over  with  the  Conqueror ;  but  as  sur- 
names were  not  then  hereditary,  the  particular 
claim  to  be  descended  from  any  of  those  men  de- 
pends on  the  amount  of  testimony  the  claimant 
can  produce.  As  arrow-making  was  a  trade  from 
which  many  wholly  unconnected  families  would 
derive  their  surname,  one  Fletcher  being  of 
Norman  descent  would  not  prove  that  another 
was.  Heralds  continually  granted  arms  referring 
to  the  name  of  the  grantee,  as  bows  to  Bowes ; 
arrows  to  Fletcher ;  deer  to  Parker,  &c. ;  so  that 
the  arms  prove  nothing.  No  mistake  is  more 
common  than  that  of  supposing  that  all  families 
of  the  same  name  had  a  common  ancestor.  P.  P. 

OLD  LONDON  BRIDGE  (2nd  S.  ix.  119.)— MR. 
WM.  SYDNEY  GIBSON  has  done  well  to  point  out 
Mr.  Peter  Cunningham's  mistake  about  Isenbert, 
"  Master  of  the  Schools  at  Saintes,"  but  his  "curi- 
ous facts"  are  well  known,  or  at  least  ought  to 
be,  to  most  intelligent  readers  —  and  certainly  to 
those  of  "N.  &  Q." 

The  Patent  Roll  of  the  third  year  of  the  reign 
of  King  John,  was  printed  in. the  first  volume  of 
Hearne's  Liber  Niger  Scaccarii,  8vo.,  1771 ;  and 
in  the  Calendarium  Rotulorum  Patentium  Turri 
Londinensi,  edited  and  published  by  the  Rev.  S. 
j  Ascough,  and  John  Caley,  Esq.,  in  1802. 

King  John's  "Letter  Missive  to  the  Mayor  and 
j  Citizens  of  London"  has  also  found  its  proper  place 
in  Mr.  Richard  Thomson's  Chronicles  of  London 
Bridge,  8vo.,  1827.  It  would  be  an  act  of  injus- 
tice to  the  learned  author  of  this  charming  volume 
to  suppose,  for  one  moment,  that  he  had  neglected 
any  available  information  bearing  upon  the  sub- 
ject of  his  work.  EDWARD  F.  RIRIBAULT. 

HOTSPUR  (2nd  S.  ix.  65.)  — I  copy  what  follows 
from  a  learned  paper  upon  the  old  heraldry  of  the 
Percies  by  Mr.  Longstaffe,  which  is  printed  in 
the  fifteenth  Part  of  ArcJi^ologia  Mliana,  just 
issued :  — 

"  Henry  de  Percy  (Hotspur),  his  son  and  heir  apparent, 
slain  1403:  called  Henry  the  Sixth  (Chron.  Mon.  de 
Alneiuyhe),  and  more  commonly  Harry  Hotspur."  "Called 
by  the  French  and  Scots,  Harre  Hatesporre ;  because,  in 
the  silence  of  unseasonable  night,  of  quiet  sleep  to  others 


c<i  S.  IX.  MAR.  31.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


255 


;ho  were  at  rest,  lie  umveariedly  took  pains  against  his 
nemies  as  if  heating  his  spurs,  which  we  call  Hate- 
porre."  "For  while  others  were  given  to  sleep,  he^was 
vont  to  watch  over  the  enemy  "  (Knighton,  2G9G,  2728.) 

Henry  Hatspur  vulgariter  nuncupatus"  (2  Fordun, 
05.>  ""  For  his  sharp  quickness  and  speediness  at  need, 
lenry  Hottespur  he  Avas  called  indeed"  (Peevis).  "  Quern 
Jcotti  vocaverunt  Hatespur  propter  innatum  sibi  probi- 
atem"  (2  Lei.  Col  382.)—  Arch.  JEl,  vol.  iv.  N.  S.  182. 

E.  II.  A. 

"THE  SISTERS'  TRAGEDY "  (2n<1  S.  ii.  129.)— This 
nonymous  play  was  Avritten  by  Captain  Charles 
T.  Thruston,  R.N.,  who  died  in  July,  1858.  See 
.n  Obituary  notice  in  The  Illustrated  London  News 
.f  21st  AUJT.  1858.  R. 


THE  SHAKSPEARE  CONTROVERSY. 
[The  following  Letter  reached  us  after  our  arrange- 
icnts  for  the  present  Number  had  been  made :  — 

Brit.  Museum,  26th  Mar.  1860. 
Sir  F.  Madden  presents  his  compliments  to  the 
Editor  of  "  N.  &  Q."  The  article  on  the  "  Shak- 
peare  Controversy"  is  written  in  a  tone  of  moder- 
ation whicli  Mr.  Collier  would  do  well  to  imitate ; 
mt  as  in  the  opinion  of  Sir  F.  Madden  and  his 
riends  there  are  several  unfair  and  even  untrue 
no  doubt  unintentionally)  statements  in  it,  Sir 
r.  Madden  begs  to  ask  whether  the  pages  of  "  NV 
Ic  Q."  are  open  to  the  Replies  of  himself  and 
riends,  or  whether  it  is  to  be  merely  a  one-sided 
Vpology  for  Mr.  Collier  ? 

THE  EDITOR  will  be  glad  to  insert  any  proper  contra- 
liction  or  explanation  of  any  unfair  or  untrue  statements 
nto  which  he  may  have  fallen  in  his  Article  on  THE 
5HAKSPEARK  CONTROVERSY  of  the  24th  Instant.  Whe- 
her  the  pages  of  this  Journal  would  be  open  generally  to 
.he  Replies  of  Sir  F.  Madden  and  his  friends  would  depend 
ipon  their  tone  and  spirit.  The  Editor  has  lately  seen 
Replies  upon  this  subject  of  a  kind  which  he  would  not 
lave  inserted  —  and  if  the  Replies  alluded  to  are  to  be 
written  in  a  similar  spirit  he  should  (in  the  exercise  of  the 
right  which  every  Editor  must  necessarily  reserve  to 
limself)  decline  to  print  them.  Subject  to  this  right  our 
:ol umns  are  open  to  Sir  F.  Madden.] 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

The  Life  and  Labours  of  Sir  Charles  Bell,  K.G.H., 
F.R.S.S.  L.  Sf  E.  By  Amedee  Pichot,  M.D.,  Author  of 
Cluirle*  the  Fifth.  (Bentley.) 

It  is  strange  that  the  man  whose  European  reputation 
led  the  French  Professor  whom  he  went  to  hear,  dismiss  his 
class  without,  a  lecture,  saying,  "  Gentlemen,  enough  for 
to-day ;  you  have  seen  Charles  Bell "  —  that  that  Charles 
Bell  the  Surgeon,  Physiologist,  and  Artist,  should  have 
been  laid  in  his  grave  for  eighteen  years  before  the  world 
received  any  detailed  account  of* his  life  and  labours. 
Thf.y  are  now  recorded  by  an  accomplished  French  gen- 


tleman, distinguished  alike  in  medicine  and  in  letters, 
and  a  more  interesting  Biography  we  have  seldom  read. 
But  it  has  another  claim  to  notice.  We  know  no  book 
more  pregnant  with  useful  lessons  to  the  younger  mem- 
bers of  the  liberal  profession  of  which  Bell  was  so  distin- 
guished an  ornament  as  this  graceful  tribute  to  his 
memor}'.  It  is  a  book  to  be  read  and  re-read  by  medical 
students. 

BOOKS  RECEIVED. — 

Say  and  Seal  By  the  Author  of  «  The  Wide  Wide 
World."  (Bentley.) 

What  can  better  prove  the  interest  to  be  found  in  a 
work  of  fiction  than  is  contained  in  Mr.  Bentley's  own 
announcement,  that  of  the  cheap  Popular  Edition  of  Say 
and  Seal,  he  is  now  issuing  the  Twentieth  Thousand,  and 
of  the  Library  Edition  the  Fourth ! 

The  Spectator.  By  Addison,  Steele,  Sfc.  Revised  Edi- 
tion, with  Explanatory  Notes  and  a  Complete  Index.  Parts 
I.  to  IV.  (Routledge.) 

It  sa3rs  much  for  the  good  taste  of  the  reading  public, 
that  Messrs.  Routledge  are  encouraged  to  issue  a  new 
edition  of  this  great  "well  of  English  undefiled"  in  Six- 
penny fortnightly  Parts.  The  whole  work,  whicli  is  not 
only  carefully  revised  but  illustrated  with  explanatory 
notes,  will  be  completed  in  Twenty- one  Numbers.  This 
is  indeed  at  once  good  and  cheap  literature. 

Devonshire  Pedigrees  recorded  in  the  Heralds'  Visitation 
of  1720,  with  Additions  from  the  Harleian  MSS.  and  the 
Printed  Collections  of  Wcstcote  and  Pole.  By  Johu  Tuckett. 
Part  III.  (Russell  Smith.) 

We  are  glad  to  see  that  Mr.  Tuckett  is  encouraged 
to  proceed  with  this  useful  contribution  to  the  Familv 
History  of  Devonshire. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  Stc.,of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentleman  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  name  and  ad' 
dress  are  given  for  that  purpose. 

JAMESON'S  BEAUTIES   OF   TUB   COURT   or    CHARLFS  II.     India  proofs. 

Royal  4to. 

STOTHARD'S  MONUMENTAL  EFFIGIES. 
BUY  DOES'  CKNSURA  LITER  ARIA.    Either  edition.    Also  Vols.  VII.  and 

IX.,  first  edition. 
RICHARDSON'S  WORKS.    19  Vols. 

BALLANTYNE'S  NOVELISTS'  LIBRARY.    10  Vols.    Also  Vol.  I. 
SMOLLETT'S  WORKS,  by  Moore.    8  Vols.   Preferred  in  boards. 
DODSLKY'S  OLD  PI.AYS.    12Vols.    Last  edition. 
J.  H.  STEVBNSON'S  WORKS.    3  Vols. 
WORKS  or  ISAAC  PKNINOTOX  .    Very  fine  copy. 
CONCILIA  SACROSANCTA.    18  Vols.    Folio. 
RKEVE'S  HISTORY  OP  ENGLISH  LAW.    5  Vols. 

Wanted  by  C.  J.  Skcet,  10.  King  William  Street,  W.C. 


to 

We  Jiavc  been  compelled  from  want  of  space  to  postpone  several 
articles  of  great  interest,  among  others  a  continuation  of The  Gunpowder 
Plot  Papers;  and  a  curious  Series  of  Extracts  from  Treasury  Records, 
ty  Mr.  Hart. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES  will  be  published  at  JVbo»  on  Thursday  next  in 
consequence  of  next  Friday  being  Good  Friday. 

ANTIQUARIUS.  Mr.  Strong  the  bookseller  emigrated  to  A  uatraliu  some 
few  years  since. 

W.  W.  H.  (Bingham.)  7s  thanked  for  the  Folk-lore,  which  is  already 
recorded  in  "  N.  &  Q." 

J.  T.  (Gillingham.)  Porny's  Heraldry  has  been  lately  recommended 
by  the  highest  authority  we  know. 

S.  M.  W.  P.  W.  The  T'jrconnd  hunting  at  Combmartin  is  noticed  in 
our  2nd  S.  i.  453. 

J.  L.  CURTIS.    The  poor  enthusiast  was  as  mad  as  a  March  hare. 

E.  G.  L.  Inquire  of  some  fccond-hand  bookseller,  as  so  much  depends 
upon  the  condition  of  the  book. 

'iwawK.  Several  articles  on  the  present  English  branch  of  the  Order 
of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem  appeared  in  our  1st  8.  xii.  455.;  2nd  S.  i.  197. 
261.280.460.;  ii.  19,137. 


256 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


"d  S.  IX.  MAR,  31.  'GO. 


IUNORAMUS.  The,  reference  was  to  vols.  ii.  ancZviii.  of  our  \stSeries 
not  numbers. 

ERRATA. —2nd  S.ix.  p.  229.  col.  ii.  1.  31.  for  "  Duna"  read" DuMa." 
Same  page, col.  ii.  1.  49.  for  "  Eoww  "  read  Eoww,  p.  233.  col.  i.  1.  8 
from  bottom  for  "  every  "  read  "  evere."  Same  page,  col.  u.  1.  5.  for 


iv..»  «v«vOm  for      ,. — „ 
Eccles  "  read  "  Ecclits. 


"  NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  alto 
issned  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half' 
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all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


THE  LIBER  ALBTJS. 

MESSES.  GRIFFIN  fy  CO.  beg  to  Announce  that  they  have  in  active 
preparation  an  English  Translation  of  the  "  LIBER  ALB  US"  —  the  White 
Book  of  the  City  of  London.  Compiled,  A.D.  1419,  by  John  Carpenter, 
Richard  Whittington,  Mayor.  Translated  by  Henry  Thomas  Riley,  M.A. 
One  Volume  small  quarto,  12s.  6J.  cloth;  to  be  raised  to  15s.  on  the  day  of 
Publication.  As  the  Edition  will  be  limited,  an  early  application  for  Copies 
is  necessary. 

10.  Stationers'  Hall  Court,  London. 


WHAT  WILL  THIS  COST  TO  PRINT  ?  is  a 
thought  often  occurring  to  literary  minds,  public  characters,  and 
persons  of  benevolent  intentions.  An  immediate  answer  to  the  in- 
quiry may  be  obtained,  on  application  to  RICHARD  BARRETT, 
13.  MARK  LANE,  LONDON.  R.  B.  is  enabled  to  execute  every 
description  of  PRINTING  on  very  advantageous  terms,  his  office  being 
furnished  with  a  large  and  choice  assortment  of  TYPES,  STEAM  PRINTING 
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RICHARD  BARRETT,  13.  MARK  LANE,  LONDON,  E.C. 


OR  FAMILY  ARMS,  send   Name   and  County 

to  the  Heraldic  Office.     Sketch,  2s.  6d. ;  in  colour,  5s.  —  Monu- 
"    al  Seals,  Dies,  Share  and  Diploma  Plates,  in 


JU     to  the  Heraldic, 
mental  Brasses,  Offici 


Medizeval  and  Modern  Styles. 

HERALDIC  ENGRAVINGS.  —  Crest  on  Seal  or  Ring,  8s.  ;  on  Die, 

7s. ;  Arms,  Crest,  and  Motto  on  Seal  or  Book-plate,  25s. 
SOLID  GOLD,  18  Carat,  Hall  marked,  Sard,  Sardonyx,  or  Bloodstone 

Ring,  engraved  Crest,  Two  Guineas.    Seals,  Desk  Seals,  Mordan's 

Pencil-cases,  &c. 

Illustrated  Price  List  Post  Free. 
T  MORING  Engraver  and  Heraldic  Artist  (who  has  received  the 

Gold  Medal  fo?  Engraving)!  44.  HIGH  HOLBORN,  LONDON, 
r  William 


W.C. ;  and  85.  King ' 


im  Street,  E.C. 


A  CHROMATIC      MICROSCOPES.  —  SMITH, 

J\_    BECK  &  BECK,  MANUFACTURING  OPTICIANS,  6.  Cole- 
Street,  London,  E.C.  have  received  the  COUNCIL  MEDAL  of 


_ 

ma5  Street,  London,  E.C.  have  received  the  CO 
the  GREAT  EXHIBITION  of  1851,  and  the  FIR 
MEDAL  of  the  PARIS  EXHIBITION  of  1855,  " 


and  the  FIRST-CLASS  PRIZE 
For  the  excellence 

"An"  Illustrated  Pamphlet  of  the  10Z.  EDUCATIONAL  MICRO- 
SCOPE, sent  by  Post  on  receipt  of  Six  Postage  Stamps. 
A  GENERAL  CATALOGUE  may  be  had  on  application. 

rpHE  AQUARIUM.— LLOYD'S  DESCRIPTIVE 

L  and  ILLUSTRATED  LIST  of  whatever  relates  to  the  AQUA- 
RIUM, is  now  ready,  price  Is.  j  or  by  Post  for  Fourteen  Stamps.  128 
Pages, and  87  Woodcuts. 

W.ALFORD  LLOYD,  19,20,  and  20A.PortlandRoad,Regent's 
Park.London,  W. 

ANDSOME  BRASS  and  IRON  BEDSTEADS. 

Assortment  of  Brass 
Tropical  Climates ; 


E  AL  &  SON'S  Show  Rooms  contain  a  lar 
Bedsteads,  suitable  both  for  Home  Use  and 


_._  ___  , 

handsome  Iron  Bedsteads  with  Brass  Mountings  and  elegantly  Japan- 
ned; Plain  Iron  Bedsteads  for  Servants  ;  every  description  of  Wood 
Bedstead  that  is  manufactured,  in  Mahogany,  Birch,  Walnut  Tree 
Woods,  Polished  Deal  and  Japanned,  all  fitted  with  Bedding  and  Fur- 
nitures complete,  as  well  as  every  description  of  Bedroom  Furniture. 

EAL    &    SON'S    ILLUSTRATED    CATA- 

LOGUE,  containing  Designs  and  Prices  of  100  BEDST  E  ADS,  as 
we  as  of  150  different  ARTICLES  of  BED-ROOM  FURNITURE, 
SENT  FREE  BY  POST. 

HEAL  &  SON,  Bedstead,  Bedding,  and  Bed-room  Furniture 
Manufacturers,  196.  Tottenham-court  Road,  W. 


TT 

L 


PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS   is  the   CHEAPEST 

L  HOUSE  in  the  Trade  for  PAPER  and  ENVELOPES,  &c.  Useful 
Cream-laid  Note,  5  Quires  for  6d.  Super  Thick  ditto.  5  Quires  for  1*. 
Super  Cream-laid  Envelopes,  6c?.  per  100.  Sermon  Paper,  4s.,  Straw 
Paper,  2s.  6d.,  Foolscap,  6s.  Oct.  per  Ream.  Manuscript  Paper,  3d.  per 
Quire.  India  Note,  5  Quires  for  Is.  Black  bordered  Note,  5  Quires  for 
Is.  Copy  Books  (copies  set).  Is.  8d.  per  dozen.  P.  &  C.'s  Law  Pen  (as 


as  the  Quill),  2s.  per  gross. 
2fo  CJiarge  for  Stamping  Arms,  Crests,  ffC.  from  own  Dies. 
Catalogues  Post  Free  ;  Orders  over  20s.  Carriage  paid. 

Copy  Address,  PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS, 
Manufacturing  Stationers  :  1.  Chancery  Lane,  and  192.  Fleet  St.  E.C. 


E  CHI    AND  BAZIN'S  DESPATCH-BOX- 

WRITING  CASES,  in  russia  and  morocco  leather,  are  made  in 
ity  different  forms  and  sizes,  fitted  with  real  Bramah  and  Chubb, 
locks,  also  others  of  a  cheaper  description.  Prices  vary  from  1  ?.  to  50?. 
Portable  Writing  and  Dressing  Cases,  Brush  Cases,  Courier  Bags,  Pic- 
nic Cases,  Wicker  Luncheon  Baskets,  Sporting  Knives,  Wine  and  Spirit 
FlasKS,  &c.—  112.  Regent  Street,  W.,  and  4.  Leadenhall  Street,  B.C., 
London. 


B 


ENSON'S        WATCHES. 


"  Perfection  of  mechanism."  —  Morning  Post. 
Gold,  4  to  100  guineas ;  Silver,  2  to  50  guineas.    Send  2  Stamps  for 
Benson's  Illustrated  Watch  Pamphlet.    Watches  sent  to  all  parts  of 
the  World  Free  per  Post. 

33.  and  34.  LUDGATE  HILL,  London,  E.C. 


flLERGY  MUTUAL  ASSURANCE  SOCIETY, 

\J  3.  Broad  Sanctuary,  Westminster. 

Patrons-  The  Archbishops  of  CANTERBURY  and  YORK. 

Trustees  — The  Bishops  of  London  and  Winchester,  the  Dean  of  West- 
minster, and  the  Archdeacon  of  Maidstone. 

Council  of  Reference  — The  Archbishops,  and  Bishops  of  London,  Dur- 
ham and  Winchester. 

Chairman  of  Directors—  The  Archdeacon  of  LONDON. 
Deputy  Chairman  — F.  L.  WOLLASTON,  Esq..,  M.A. 

The  present  amount  assured  upon  life  exceeds  3,000,0007. 

The  invested  capital  is  upwards  of  940,000?. 

The  annual  income  is  upwards  of  120,000?. 

Clergymen,  and  the  wives,  widows,  sons,  and  daughters  of  clergymen, 
and  the  near  relations  of  clergymen,  and  the  near  relations  of  the 
wives  of  clergymen,  are  qualified  to  effect  assurances  upon  their  lives 
in  this  Society  to  any  amount  not  exceeding  5000?.  The  rates  of  pre- 
mium are  moderate  ;  there  are  no  proprietors  to  share  in  the  profits,  the 
whole  of  the  surplus  capital,  assigned  every  fifth  year,  being  appro- 
priated to  the  assured  members. 

The  next  bonus  wjll  be  in  the  year  1861. 

Assurances  upon  life  may  be  made  in  this  Society  upon  payment  of 
reduced  annual  premiums,  viz.,  upon  payment  of  four-fifths  of  the 
rates  chargeable,  one-fifth  remaining  in  arrear,  to  be  paid  off  from  time 
to  time  by  bonus. 

Prospectuses  and  forms  of  application  for  assurances  may  be  obtained 
at  the  office;  or  by  letter  to  the  Secretary. 

JOHN  HODGSON,  M.A.,  Sec. 


2"dS.  IX.  MAI:.  31.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[ESTABLISHED  1841.] 

MEDICAL,   INVALID,   AND   GENERAL  LIFE 
OFFICE,  :'5.  Pall  Mall,  London.  -  Empowered  by  special  Act  of 
iament. 

At  the  EIGHTEENTH  ANNUAL  MEETING,  held  on  the 
24th  November,  1859,  it  was  shown  that  on  the  30th  June 
last,  — 

The  Number  of  Policies  in  force  was      -       -       -    6,110 
The  Amount  Insured  was          -       -    2,601,925Z.  10s.  8d. 
The  Annual  Income  was       -       -       -    121,263?.    7s.  Id. 
The  new  business  transacted  during  the   last   5  years 
amounts  to  2,482,7982.  165.  llcZ.,  showing  an  average  yearly 
amount  of  new  busin'css  of  nearly 

HAX.F  A  MIX.Z.IOU  STERLING. 

The  Society  lias  paid  for  claims  by  death,  since  its  esta- 
blishment in  1841,  no  less  a  sum  than  503,619?. 

HEALTHY  LIVES.—  Assiirances  arc  effected  at  home  or  abroad  at 
as  moderate  rates  as  the  most  recent  data  will  allow. 

INDIA.  -  Officers  in  the  Army  and  civilians  proceeding  to  India, 
may  insure  their  lives,  on  the  most  favourable  terms  and  every  possible 
facility  is  afforded  for  the  transaction  of  business  in  India. 

NAVAL  MEN  AND  MASTER  MARINERS  are  assured  at  equita- 
ble rates  for  life,  or  for  a  voyage. 

VOLUNTEERS.  —No  extra  charge  for  persons  serving  in  any  Vo- 
lunteer or  Rifle  Corps  within  the  United  Kingdom. 

RESIDENCE  ABROAD.-Greater  facilities  given  for  residence  in  the 
Colonies,  &c.,  than  by  most  other  Companies. 

INVALID  LIVES  assured  on  scientifically  constructed  tables  based 
on  extensive  data,  and  a  reduction  in  the  premium  is  made  when  the 
causes  for  an  increased  rate  of  premium  have  ceased. 

STAMP  DUTY.  —  Policies  issued  free  of  every  charge  but  the  pre- 
miums. 

Every  information  may  be  obtained  at  the  chief  office,  or  on  applica- 
tion to  any  of  the  Society's  agents. 

C.  DOUGLAS  SINGER,  Secretary. 


CLEW-FIELD  PATEETT  STARCH, 
USED  IX  THE  ROYAL  LAUNDRY, 

A.VD  PRONOUNCED  BV  HER  MAJESTY'S  LAUNDRESS,  TO  BI 
THE  FINEST  STARCH  SHE  EVER  USED. 

Sold  by  all  Chandlers,  Grocers,  &c.  &c. 
WOTHERSPOON  &  CO.,  GLASGOW  &  LONDON. 


PIESSE  &  LUBINS'S  HUNGARY  WATER. 
This  Scent  stimulates  the  Memory  and  invigorates  the 

Brain. 

2s.  bottle  ;  10s.  Case  of  Six. 

PERFUMERY  FACTORY, 

2.  NEW  BOND  STREET,  W. 

BROWN  &   POLSON'S 
PATENT    CORTT     FLOUR, 

Preferred  to  the  best  Arrowroot. 

DKLICIOUS  in  PC-DOINGS,  CUSTARDS,  BLANCMANGE,  CAKE,  &c., 
and  especially  suited  to  the  delicacy  of 

CHILDREN  AND  INVALIDS. 
"  THIS  is  SUPERIOR  TO  ANYTHING  OP  THE  KIND  KNOWN."— Lancet. 

Obtain  it  where  inferior  articles  are  not  substituted, 
From  Grocers, Chemists,  Confectioners,  and  Corn  Dealers. 

PAISLEY,  DUBLIN,  MANCHESTER,  and  LONDON. 
REDUCTION  OF  DUTY. 

n  EDGES  &  BUTLER,  having  reduced  the  prices 

of  their  WINES  in  accordance  with  the  new  Tariff,  are  now 
I  dinner  Sherry,  21s.,  30s.,  and  36s.  per  dozen  ;  high  class 
md  brown  Sherry,  42s.,  48s.,  and  54s — Good  Port,  30s.  and 


M. 
ng  capital  dinner  Sherry,  21s.,  30s.,  and  36s.  per  dozen  ;  high  class 
pale,  golden,  and '  ~  -  -         ~      '  "    '   " 

,  i8s.,  51s.  60s — Pure  St.-Julien  Claret,  24s.  and 
:«te._"  -      - 


Kroiit 


,  36s. — La  Rose,  36s.,  42s.  —  Finest  growth 
iblis,  36s.,  48s.-Red  and  White  Burgundy, 
-ne,  42.--.  51s.,  60s.,  72s — Hock  and  Moselle, 
t  India  Madeira,  Imperial  Tokay,  Vermuth, 
.nd  every  other  description  of  Wine— Fine 
60s.  and  72s.  per  dozen — Schiedam  Hollands, 
rry  Brandy,  &c.    On  receipt  of  a  Post-office 
,  mntity,  with  a  Price-list  of  all  other  wines, 
will  be  forwarded  Immediately  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

WINE  MERCHANTS,  &c. 

Ii5,  REGENT  STREET,  LONDON,  W. 

;;iul  30.  King's  road,  Brighton. 

iunlly  established  A. n.  1667.) 


UNITED   KINGDOM 

LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  LONDON, 

S.W. 

The  Hon.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  Esq.,  Deputy  Chairman, 

FOURTH  DIVISION  OF  PROFITS. 

SPECIAL  NOTlCE.-Parties  desirous  of  participating  in  the  fourth 
division  of  profits  to  be  declared  on  all  policies  effected  prior  to  the  31st 
December  next  year,  should,  in  order  to  enjoy  the  same,  make  imme- 
diate application.  There  have  already  been  three  divisions  of  profits, 
and  the  bonuses  divided  have  averaged  nearly  2  per  cent,  per  annum  on 
the  sums  assured,  or  from  30  to  100  per  cent,  on  the  premiums  paid, 
without  imparting  to  the  recipients  the  risk  of  copartnership,  as  is  the 
case  in  mutual  societies. 

To  show  more  clearly  what  these  bonuses  amount  to,  three  following 
cases  are  put  forth  as  examples  : 

Sum  Insured.        Bonuses  added.         Amount  payable  up  to  Dec.,  1861  . 
£5,000  £  1,987  10s.  *6,987  10s. 

1,000  397  10s.  1,397  10s. 

100  39  15s.  139  15s. 

Notwithstanding  these  large  additions,  the  premiums  arc  on  the 
lowest  scale  compatible  with  security  for  the  payment  of  the  policy  when. 
death  arises;  in  addition  to  which  advantages,  one  half  of  the  premiums 
may,  if  desired,  for  the  term  of  five  years,  remain  unpaid  at  5  per  cent. 
interest,  the  other  half  being  advanced  by  the  company  without  security 
or  deposit  of  the  policy. 

The  Assets  of  the  Company  at  the  31st  December,  1858,  exclusive  of 
the  large  subscribed  Capital,  amounted  to  £652,618  3s.  I0d.,  all  of  which 
has  been  invested  in  Government  and  other  approved  securities. 

No  charge  for  Volunteer  Military  Corps  whilst  serving  in  the  United 
Kingdom. 

Policy  Stamps  paid  by  the  Office. 

Immediate  application  should  be  made  to  the  Resident  Director,  8 
ce,  Pa 


Waterloo  Place,  Pall  Mall.—  By  order, 


P.  MACINTYRE,  Secretary. 


'ESTERN    LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 

ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON.S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1842. 


Directors. 


E.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Marson.Esq. 
A.  Robinson,  Esq. 
J.L.8eager,Esq. 
J.B.White.Esq. 


?.  E.  Bicknell.Esq, 
.8.  Cocks,  Esq. 
G.  H.Drew, Esq. M. A 
W.  Freeman, Esq. 
F.  Fuller, Esq. 
J.H.Goodttart.Esq. 

Physician W.  R.  Basham.M.D. 

Bankers.  — Messrs.  Cocks,  Biddulph.andCo. 
Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  this  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  paying  a  Premium,  as  permission  is  given  upon 
ipplication  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  the  con- 
lit  ions  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

LOANS  from  100Z.  to  500Z.  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 
Security. 

Attention  is  also  invited  to  the  rates  of  annuity  granted  to  old  lives, 
for  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 
Example :  100Z.  cash  paid  down  purchases— An  annuity  of — 
&  8.  d. 

10  4    o  to  a  male  life  aged  60) 
12    3    1  ,,  65  (Payable  as  long 

14  16   3  ,,  70  (    as  he  is  alive. 

18  11  10  75J 


MR. 


Now  ready,  10th  Edition,  price  7s.  6d.,  of 

SCRATCHLEY'S     MANUAL, 


FRIENDLY  SOCIETIES,  with  RULES,  TABLES,  and  an  EXPO- 
SITION of  the  TRUE  LAW  OF  SICKNESS. 
SHAW  &  SONS,  Fetter  Lane  ;  and  LAYTONS,  150.  Fleet  Street,  E.C. 

BEWMAKT, 

INTRODUCER  OF  THE  SOUTH  AFRICAN 

L  PORT,  SHERRY,  ftc.,  20s.  per  dozen,  BOTTLES  INCLUDED, 
an  advantage  greatly  appreciated  by  the  Public  and  a  constantly  in- 
creasing connexion,  saving  the  great  annoyance  of  returning  them. 

A  PINT  SAMPLE  OP  BOTH  FOR  24  STAMPS. 

WINE  IN  CASK  forwarded  Free  to  any  Railway  Station  in  England. 
EXCELSIOR  BRANDY,  Pale  or  Brown,  15s.  per  gallon,  or  30s.  per 

dozen. 

TERMS,  CASH.    Country  Orders  must  contain  a  remittance..   Cross 
cheques  "  Bank  of  London."    Price  Lists  forwarded  on  application. 
JAMES  L.  DENMAN,  65.  Fenchurch  Street,corner  of  Railway  Place, 
London,  E.C. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  12- s.  ix.  MAK.  31.  »co. 


MESSRS.  SMITH,    ELDER,    AND    CO.'S 

NEW    PUBLICATIONS. 


THE     CORNHILL    MAGAZINE, 

No.  4.  (for  APRIL,   1860), 

WILL   BE  PUBLISHED  ON   WEDNESDAY  THE  28xn  INSTANT. 
Price   One  Shilling,  with  Two  Illustrations. 

CONTENTS. 

i.  LOVEL  THE  WIDOWER  (with  an  Illustration).  j     7.  STRANGERS  YET!  By  R.  Monckton  Milnes. 

Chapter  IV.-A  Black  Sheep. 


2.  COLOUR  BLINDNESS. 

3.  SPRING.    By  Thomas  Hood. 
•3.  INSIDE  CANTON. 

5.  WILLIAM  HOGARTH:  PAINTER,   ENGRAVER,  and  PHI- 


LOSOPHER.   Essays  on  the  Man,  the  Work,  and  the  Time.  II  r.  .         TT%_,.T    ,T/vrT^ 
A  Long  Ladder,  and  Hard  to  Climb.  '•>•  IDEAL  HOUSES. 

C.  STUDIES  IN  ANIMAL  LIFE.  10.  DANTE. 

Chapter  IV.— An  extinct  animal  recognised  by  its  tooth:  how 


8.  FRAMLEY  PARSONAGE  (with  an.  Illustration). 
Chapter   X.— Lucy  Robarts. 

XI._Griselda  Grantly. 
„      XII._The  Little  Bill. 


came  this  to  be  possible?  — The  task  of  classification  — Artificial 
and  natural  methods  —  Linnouis  and  his  baptism  of  the  animal 
kingdom  :  his  scheme  of  classification— What  is  there  underlying 
all  true  classification?  — The  chief  groups— What  is  a  species  ?  — 
Ke-statement  of  the  question  respecting  the  fixity  or  variability  of 
species  —  The  two  hypotheses  —  Illustration  drawn  from  the 
Romance  languages  —  Caution  to  disputants. 


1 1 .  THE  LAST  SKETCH  -  Emma  (a  fragment  of  a  Story  by  the  late 

Charlotte  BrontuV 

12.  UNDER  CHLOROFORM. 

13.  THE  HOW  AND  WHY  OF  LONG  SHOTS  AND  STRAIGHT 

SHOTS. 


THE  HISTORY  OF  VENICE,    By  W.  Carew  Hazlitt    To  be  completed  in  4  Vols. 

Vols.  I.  and  II.  (thoroughly  revised)  with  numerous  Additions,  and  with  Two  Maps,  will  shortly  be  published. 
Vols.  III.  and  IV.  (completing  tha  Work)  will  be  published  during  the  present  year. 

THE  LIFE  OF  EDMOND    M ALONE  (Editor  of  Shakspeare).    With  Selections  from  his 

Manuscript  Anecdotes.    By  SIR  JAMES  PRIOR,  Author  of  "  The  Life  of  Edmund  Burke,"  "  Life  of  Oliver  Goldsmith."  8vo.  with  Portrait 
14s.  cloth.  [JVcw  ready. 

THE  BOOK  OF  JOB  in  ENGLISH  VERSE.    By  the  Right  Hon.  the  Earl  of  Winchilsea. 

[Nearly  read;/. 

THE  LIFE  OF   ROBERT    OWEN.     By  William  Lucas  Sargant,   Author  of   "  Social 

Innovators  and  their  Schemes."    Post  8vo.  cloth.  [Nearly  ready. 

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HETLEY  HALL;  or,  The  Wife's  Sister,    Fcap.  8vo.     6s.  cloth. 

TEE  PROVINCE  OF  REASON.    A  Reply  to  Mr.  Mansell's  "  Bampton  Lectures."    By  John 

YOUNG,  LL.D.    (Edin.)    Post  8vo.    6s.  cloth.  [Nearly  ready. 

NEW    NOVELS., 

IttR.     HAWTHORNE'S     NEW    WOVEI,. 

NOW  READY  AT  ALL  LIBRARIES. 

TRANSFORMATION;  or,   The  Romance  of  Monte  Beni.      By  Nathaniel  Hawthorne. 

Author  of"  The  Scarlet  Letter,"  &c. 


One  of  the  most  remarkable  Novels  that  1860  is  likely  to  give  us,         "  No  one  but  a  man  of  genius  could  have  written  this  Novel.    The 
___her  from  English,  French,  or  American  sources.    Such  an  Italian 
tale  we  have  not  had  since  Herr  Andersen  wrote  his  '  Improvisatore.'  " 


—  A  ihcnceum. 

"Never  before  (unless  our  memory  be  greatly  at  fault)  has  Italy  in- 
spired a  romance  writer  with  a  work  like  'Transformation,'  so  com- 
posite in  its  elements,  and  so  perfect  in  their  organic  harmony."  — 


style  is  singularly  beautiful,  the  writing  most  careful,  and  the  justness 


and  felicity  of  the  epithets  used  unusually  great.  The  Americans  may 
be  proud  that  they  have  produced  a  writer  who,  in  his  own  special  walk 
of  English,  has  few  rivals  or  equals  in  the  mother  country."—  Saturday 
Review. 


Spectator. 

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"  The  Author  of  '  Greymore '  is  fairly  entitled  to  our  congratula-   I  tain  much  that  is  positively  good  in  performance,  and  better  still  in 
tions  on  her  first  appearance  as  a  writer  of  fiction.    Her  volumes  con-   |  promise."  —  Spectator. 

THE  COUSINS'  COURTSHIP.    By  J.  R.  Wise.    Two  Volumes. 

" '  The  Cousins'  Courtship '  is  a  kind  of  prose  idyll,  in  which  an 
earnest,  pure,  simple  love  is  developed  in  a  quiet,  every-day  fashion, 
without  any  Hysterical  romance.  Its  cleverness,  its  genial  tone,  its 
playful  satire,  its  scholarly  yet  perfectly  easy  and  natural  language, 


with  its  vivid  portraiture  of  water  and  forest  scenery,  entitle  '  The 
Cousins'  Courtship '  to  a  grateful  recognition  from  the  large  novel- 
reading  public."  —  Spectator. 


SMITH,  ELDER,  &  CO.,  65.  Cornhill,  E.G. 


rintcd  by  GEORGE  ANDREW  SPOTTISWOSDE,  of  No.  10.  Little  New  Street,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  City  of  London,  at  No.  5.  New-street 
Square,  in  the  said  Parish,  and  published  by  GEORGR  BELL,  of  No.  166.  Fleet  Street,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Dunstan  in  the  West,  in  the  City  of 
London  publisher, at  No.  186.  Fleet  Street,  aforesaid.-  Saturday,  March  31,  1860. 


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and  the  descriptions,  will  be  by  the  Secretary 

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TiHE  EDINBURGH    REVIEW,    No.   CCXXVI. 
is  published  THIS  DAY. 

CONTENTS. 

I.  COMMERCIAL       RELATIONS     OF     ENGLAND     AND 

FRANCE. 
II.  THE  YOUTH  OF  MILTON. 

III.  EXPENSE  OF  PUBLIC  EDUCATION. 

IV.  ENGLISH  LOCAL  NOMENCLATURE. 

V.  CIVIL  CORRESPONDENCE   OF   THE  DUKE   OF  WEL- 
LINGTON. 

VI.  DE  BROGLIE'S  CHURCH  AND  ROMAN  EMPIRE. 
VIT.  THE  ALLEGED  SHAKSPEARE  FORGERIES. 
VIII.  DARWIN'S  ORIGIN  OF  SPECIES. 

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Rose's  Diary  and  Correspondence. 

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London:  J.  H.  &  J.  PARKER,  377.  Strand,  W.C. 
Now  ready,  price  Is  ,  No.  LXXXVIII.  of 

rp    H    E          ECCLESIASTIC, 

CONTENT* : — 

The  Judgment  in  the  Bishop  of  Brechin's  Case. 
Stanley  on  Jowett. 
Neale's  Commentary  on  the  Psalms. 
Rationalism  in  the  Church  of  England,  No.  VI. 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


257 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  APRIL  7.  I860. 


N«.  223.—  CONTENTS. 

NOTES:  —  Gleanings  from  the  Records  of  the  Treasury.— 
No.  1.,  257  —  Suffolk  Folk-lore,  259  —  A  Want  in  Heraldic 
Literature,  260. 


Longevity 
261. 

QUERIES  :—  Rev.  D.  H.  Urquhart  —  Daniel  Coxe  —  Latin 
Versions  of  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer  —  Heraldic  Query 
—  Athanasian  Creed  —  "  Soup  House  Beggars"  —  John 
Colms  —  A  Book  printed  at  Holyrood  House  —  Rev.  F.  J  . 
H.  Ranken  —  Pemmet's  .  "  Hymns  "  —  The  Cognizance  of 
the  Drummonds  —  Physician  alluded  to  in  The  Specta- 
tor "  —  Nelsonics  —  Hon.  Charles  Boyd,  262. 

QUEUIES  WITH  ANSWERS:  —  John  Gisborne  —  Fleet  Street 
'—Searcher—  "Sing  old  Rose  and  burn  the  Bellows"— 
"  Shagreen,"  264. 

REPLIES:  —  The  Te  Deum,  265  —  Thomas  Ady:  Books  de- 
dicated to  the  Deity,  266—  Medal  for  the  Siege  of  Gibral- 
tar, 1779-1783,  267  —  Shakspeare's  Jug,  268  —  Burghead: 
singular  Custom:  Clavie:  Durie,  269  —  Bishop  Horsley's 
Sermons  —  Jesuit  Epigram  —  King  David's  Mother  — 
Spiriting  away  —  Mottoes  of  Regiments  —  South  Sea  House 
and  the  Excise  Office  —  London  Riots,  1780  —  Medal  of 
James  III.  —  Naval  Ballad  —  Pets  de  Religieuses  —  Chalk- 
ing the  Doors  —  Earthquakes  in  the  United  Kingdom  — 
"  High  Life  below  Stairs  "  —  Dominus  regnavit  a  ligno  — 
Cockade  —  Bocase  Tree—  Tipcat  —  Rev.  N.  Bull  —  Identity 
of  St.  Radegunda  and  St.  Uncumber  —  Bumptious  and 
Gumption  —  A  Roste  Yerne  —  Celebrated  Writer  —  He- 
raldic Drawings  and  Engravings  —  Dinner  Etiquette  — 
Holding  up  the  Hand,  271. 

Notes  on  Books. 


GLEANINGS  FROM  THE  RECORDS  OF  THE 
TREASURY.  — No.  I. 

In  the  year  1664,  the  celebrated  John  Evelyn 
wus  constituted  one  of  the  Commissioners  for  the 
care  of  the  Sick  and  Wounded  in  the  Dutch  War, 
and  in  his  Diary,  under  the  date  Oct.  27,  we  find 
this  entry  :  — 

"  The  same  day  at  Council,  there  being  Commissioners 
to  be  made  to  "take  care  of  such  sick  and  wounded 
and  prisoners  of  war  as  might  be  expected  upon  occa- 
sion of  a  succeeding  war  and  action  at  sea,  war  being 
already  declared  against  the  Hollanders,  his  Majesty  was 
pleased  to  nominate  me  to  be  one,  with  three  other  gen- 
tlemen, parliament-men ;  viz.  Sir  William  Doily,  Knt. 
and  Bart.,  Sir  Thomas  Clifford,  and  Bullein  Rheymes, 

.  with  a  salary  of  £1200  a  year  amongst  us,  besides 
extraordinaries  for  our  care  and  attention  in  time  of  sta- 
tion, each  of  us  being  appointed  to  a  particular  district, 
mine  falling  out  to  be  Kent  and  Sussex,  with  power  to 

itute  officers,  phj'sicians,  chirurgeons,  provost-mar- 

.   and  to  dispose"  of  half  of  the  hospitals  through 

md."  * 

The  next  year  provided  no  lack  of  employment 
Evelyn  in  that  service,  as  appears  by  several 
in  his  Diary,  but  the  fearful  pestilence 
which  then  swept  over  the  face  of  the  land  ren- 
dered his  occupation  doubly  onerous  and  perilous. 
Defused,  however,  to  desert  his  charge,  and  in 

*  Diary,  vol.  i.  p.  385. 


a  spirit  of  devotion  and  self-sacrifice  not  often 
matched,  on  his  colleagues  retiring  from  their 
posts,  and  leaving  him  without  assistance,  under- 
took the  whole  direction  of  this  most  trying  duty. 
For  this  we  have  the  testimony  of  his  Diary  (Aug. 
28,  1665),  where  he  says  :  — 

"  The  contagion  still  increasing,  and  growing  now 
all  about  us,  I  sent  my  Wife  and  whole  family  (two  or 
three  necessary  servants  excepted)  to  my  brother's  at 
Wotton,  being  resolved  to  stay  at  my  house  myself,  and 
to  look  after  my  charge,  trusting  in  the  providence  and 
goodness  of  God."  * 

By  means  of  a  document  which  I  have  recently 
passed  over  among  the  Treasury  Kecords  now  at 
the  Public  Record  Office,  I  am  enabled  to  add  to 
these  accounts  a  few  particulars  from  the  narrative 
of  John  Evelyn  himself;  in  fact,  thereby  to  inter- 
polate a  page  in  his  Diary,  and  a  page  too  which 
will  shed  additional  lustre  on  the  truly  Christian 
character  of  that  excellent  man. 

This  document  is  a  petition  presented  by  Eve- 
lyn to  the  Lords  of  the  Treasury  in  March  170£ 
in  reference  to  his  salary  as  one  of  the  commis- 
sioners of  sick  and  wounded,  and  also  his  travelling 
charges. 

The  following  is  a  copy  :  — 
"  To  the  R*  Honble  the  Lds  Com"  of  his  Ma*1*1  Treasury. 

"  The  humble  Peticon  of  John  Evelyn  Esqr. 
"  Shewing 

"  That  haveing  lately  Exhibited  to  yr  LdPs  an  Ace* 
of  ye  charges  incident  to  his  Imploym*  as  one  of  the  Com" 
relateing  to  yc  sick  and  wounded  Seamen  and  Prisoners 
at  War  amounting  to  the  sum  of  -  -  £752 

"  Dureing  Six  yeares  Service  and  unex- 
pectedly finding  himselfe  retrenched  upon 
the  Article  of  Travelling  charges  the  sume 
of  -  -  -  226 

"  And  on  that  of  his  Sallary       -  -  225 

"  Amounting  in  both  to  -  £451 

"  And  this  being  pass'd  wth  directions  to  the  Clerks  to 
be  drawn  up  in  order  to  a  Declaracon,  wthout  haveing  the 
favour  of  being  called  in  to  justify  his  p'tence  and  satisfie 
yr  LP»  upon  anjr  Exceptions,  wcb  might  occur  (induceing 
yr  i/pg  to  cut  off  so  considerable  a  sume  from  yr  Petr)  he 
thinks  himselfe  obliged  (as  well  for  his  own  Reputacon 
as  yr  LdP3  Justice)  to  bespeake  yr  favorable  p'mission  of 
laying  before  you,  what  he  should  have  sayd,  viva  voce, 
had  he  ben  so  hapy  to  have  ben  call'd  in  before  yr  Ld?s 
were  rissen  &  gon  away. 

"  May  yr  LdPs  be  therefore  pleased  to  cause  a  Paper 
relateing  to"  this  his  humble  Peticon,  to  be  read  before  yr 
L°P». 

«  And  he  shall  pray,  &c." 

"  To  the  R*  HonWe  ye  Lds  Com™  of  his  Maties  Treasury. 
"  May  it  please  your  LOP* 

"  As  to  that  of  Travelling  charges,  a  decent  Coach  wth 
four  horses  out  of  Towne  is  a  known  stated  price  at  20s. 
a  day  to  wch  your  LoP"  have  been  pleasd  to  reduce  the 
whole  charge  wthout  any  allowance  for  lodging  &  diet  for 
himselfe  and  Serv*  and  oftentimes  a  Cleark  with  him, 
besides  other  contingent  Expences,  upon  ye  coming  of 
Officers  from  the  Ships,  Hospitals  &  Prisons  who  had 
continual  buisiness  wth  him,  and  wthout  consideracon  of 
his  haveing  ben  as  by  the  Paper  annext  to  his  sd  ace4 

*  Diary  vol.  i.  p.  397. 


258 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«a  S.  IX.  APRIL  7.  '60. 


appeares)  some  hundred  of  times,  oblig'd  to  repaire  to 
London  *,  to  visile  ye  several  Hospitals,  Prisons,  and  other 
places;  besids  the'p'petual  danger  he  was  hourly  ex- 
pos'd  to,  in  passing  thro'  the  whole  City  during  the  two 
first  wars ;  necessitated  to  waite  on  the  old  Duke  of  Al- 
bemarle  at  the  Cockpit  f,  constantly  once  sometimes 
twise,  every  weeke  to  receive  Orders,  and  to  p'cure 
nionys  of  the  Receiver,  and  cary  downe  Slops,  bundles  of 
Linnen  and  other  accomodacons,  when  Ten  Thousand 
died  weekly  of  the  contagion;  And  that  all  his  Bro. 
Com"  shifted  for  themselves,  and  left  him  here  alone  to 
take  care  and  charge  of  3'e  Service,  in  wch  they  were 
alike  concerned  wth  liimselfe  For  they  had  all  their  pe- 
culiar Districts  equaly  assing'd  them.  London  &  its  In- 
fected Skirts,  was  every  ones  Provence ;  But  wch  had  hee 
deserted,  or  not  p'sonaly  supply'd,  multitudes  of  poore 
sick  and  wounded  Seamen  of  our  owne  and  Prisoners  of 
yc  Dutch  must  inevitably  have  perished.  Two  of  his 
Martials  imploy'd  at  Leeds  Castle  &  Chelsy  Prison  (who 
had  frequent  recourse  to  him)  dying  of  ye  Plague,  and 
one  who  came  to  him  wth  the  Tokens  upon  him :  For  all 
wch  dangers  and  Services,  and  vncessant  motions  (vseing 
his  owne  Coach  &  Horses  onely)  he  never  put  one  peny  to 
Ace*  leving  it  to  your  LPS  consideracon  But  to  his  Asto- 
nishm*  finding  halfe  his  real  charges  at  once  cutt  of  wch 
had  lie  vouched  by  particular  Bills  &  Reconings  of  In- 
keepers  &  private  houses  where  he  was  often  forc'd  to 
Lodge,  during  the  Contagion  and  since,  would  consider- 
ably have  surmounted  the  full  of  forty  shillings  W  diem 
allowance  to  wch  notwthstanding  the  Comr»  confined  their 
Expences  to  p'vent  ye  least  excesse  Tho'he  hopes  he 
might  (wthout  imodesty)  aledge  that  some  favour  might 
be  had  to  the  Persons  then  employ'd  (of  whom  yr  Petr 
was  the  meanest)  and  most  exposed  Sr'Thomas  Clifford 
(afterwards  Ld  high  Trear)  Sr  Wm  D'Oyby  Sr  Geo. 
Downing  Barts  and  others:  who  hardly  could  have  tra- 
velled for  20*  a  days  allowance  All  wch  consider'd  it  is 
humbly  hoped  your  LOP"  will  wth  some  distinction  have 
reguard  to  the  many  hazards  and  fatigues  of  yr  Petr  and 
not  make  him  a  precedent  to  those  Gentlemen  who  may 
possibly  hereafter  be  better  husbands  wth  lesse  danger. 

"  As  to  the  Sallary  of  the  last  year  (of  wcil  your  LOP» 
have  abated  three  quarters)  tho'  the  \Varr  and  hostility 
were  ended:  Yet  was  neither  his  Journey's  nor  trouble 

*  "  Having  taken  orders  with  my  marshal  about  my 
prisoners,  and  with  the  doctor  and  chirurgeon  to  attend 
the  wounded  enemies,  and  of  our  own  men,  I  went  to 
London  again  and  visited  my  charge,  several  with  legs 
and  arms  off;  miserable  objects,  God  knows !  "  (April  28, 
1665.) 

"  16th  May.  To  London,  to  consider  of  the  poor  orphans 
and  widows  made  by  this  bloody  beginning,  and  whose 
husbands  and  relations  perished  in  the  London  frigate,  of 
which  there  were  fifty  widows,  and  forty-five  of  them 
with  child."  (Diary,  vol.  i.  p.  393.) 

f  "  To  London,  to  speak  with  his  Majesty,  and  the 
Duke  of  Albemarle  for  horse  and  foot  guards  for  the  pri 


mpued  for  another  privy  seal  for  £20,000,  and  that  I 
might  have  the  disposal  of  the  Savoy  Hospital  for  the 
sick  and  wounded ;  all  which  was  granted."  (June  8, 
1665),  D!ary,\o].  i.  p.  394. 

«'  I  waited  on  the  Duke  of  Albemarle,  who  was  resolved 
to  stay  at  the  Cock-pit,  in  St.  James's  Park."  (August  8, 
1665)*,  Diary,  vol.  i.  p.  396. 

"  My  Lord-Admiral  being  come  from  the  fleet  to 
Greenwich,  I  went  thence  with  him  to  the  Cockpit,  to 
consult  with  the  Duke  of  Albemarle."  (September  25, 
1665),  Diary,  vol.  i.  p.  397. 


at  an  end  whilst  acct8  &  arrears  were  to  be  examined  & 
adjusted  wth  Deputy"  Chirurgions,  Martials,  Nurses  & 
others  upon  the  places,  til  Mr  Gibson  was  Couiission'd  by 
my  Ld  Trear  to  discharge  what  was  owing  at  all  the 
Ports,  and  requir'd  yr  Pet"  attendance.  This  therefore 
he  presumed  and  well  hop'd  might  reasonably  have  ben 
cast  in,  as  some  Recompence  for  his  former  services  and 
Expences  for  which  he  also  brought  nothing  to  y°  Publiq 
Ace*  during  either  War. 

"  May  yoT  LOP*  therefore  be  pleas'd  in  consideracon  of 
the  p'misses  not  onely  to  allow  of  his  full  &  just  ace*  but 
so  to  rep'sent  it  to  his  Gratious  Matie  That  the  Fine 
of  £150  for  making  up  ye  p'sent  terme  of  his  Lease  for 
certain  Lands  neer  Deptford  from  the  Crowne  may  be 
Install'd  and  defalked  out  of  the  Debt  still  remaining 
due  from  the  Crowne,  to  y  Pet"  wifes  Father  Sr  Richard 
Browne  to  whom  the  Inheritance  of  that  Estate  was 
solemnly  p'mised  by  his  late  Matic  King  Charles  the  2d 
for  his  long  faithful!  and  chargable  services  abroad,  dur- 
ing the  space  of  Nineteen  ycares  in  wch  he  spent  his  owne 
patrimonial  Estate  (as  is  well  known  to  my  Ld  Godol- 
phin  Sr  Ste  Fox  and  the  rest  of  the  late  Ld»  Com")  and 
the  remaining  debt  to  be  truely  stated  audited  &  allow'd 
and  that  by  Warr*  from  y«  Ld  Trear  to  the  auditor  of  y° 
Excheqr  for  paym4  thereof.  But  wch  Sr  Richards  tedious 
sickness  and  death  hindering  his  Application  is  still  owing 
to  yr  LOP'  Petitioner. 

"Due    to    yr    Pet"    wife    as")  ^ 

Heiresse  to  her  ffathorSr  Richard  (KCMO     n  A  I 
Browne  as  &  ace*  Audited  &  al-  C^ 
low'd      -  -J 

"  To  him  more  for  his  Sallary)  J-6685  10  0 

as  Eldest  Clerk  of  the  Council, }-  587  10  0  j 
by  grant  undr  y«  Grt  Scale,  &c.  -J 
" "  Due  to  yr  Petr  for  a  Loane  of     250    0  0  J 
wth  Interest  as  by  Tally  dated  Nov.  1671  in  all  besides 
interest. 

"  Which  two  last  Sumes  were  duely  payd  to  all  the  rest 
of  ye  Clearks  of  yc  Council  excepting  to  Sr  Richard 
Brown  and  yr  Peticoner." 

This  petition  was  submitted  to  the  Lords  of  the 
Treasury  on  6th  March,  170|,  and  the  result  of 
their  decision  appears  from  the  following  note  on 
the  back  of  the  document :  — 
«  6  Mar.  1701. 

"My  Lords  will  allow  him  30sh  a  day  for  travell* 
charges  but  no  Sallary  after  his  Com0"  determined." 

Out  of  honour  to  the  name,  I  have  thus  placed 
Evelyn's  petition  at  the  head  of  a  series  of  histo- 
rical documents  selected  from  the  old  papers  of 
H.M.  Treasury,  to  which  valuable  class  of  records 
I  have  not  un frequently  called  attention  in  these 
pages,  and  which  series  J  believe  will  be  found 
interesting.  Time  will  not  allow  me  to  do  more 
than  lay  the  documents  themselves  before  the 
readers  of  "N.  &  Q.,"  with  just  such  a  notice  of 
the  more  salient  points  as  the  necessity  of  the 
case  may  require ;  but  if  any  one  (and  there  are 
not  a  few)  can  and  will  kindly  supply  farther 
illustrations  from  other  sources,  such  additional 
information  will  be  as  acceptable  to  me,  as  the  do- 
cuments themselves  will  doubtless  be  to  those  who 
have  hitherto  been  strangers  to  them. 

WILLIAM  HENRY  HART. 

Folkestone  House,  Roupell  Park,  Streatham. 


2»d  S.  IX.  APKIL  7.  '60.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


259 


SUFFOLK  FOLK  LORE. 

A  few  days  since  a  friend  put  into  my  bands 
The  History  of  Stowmarket,  by  the  Rev.  A.  G.  H. 
Hollingsworth,  M.A.,  the  Vicar,  small  4to.,  Ips- 
wich, 1844,  pp.  xii.  248.  At  the  end  of  the  book, 
in  Appendix  No.  6.,  a  series  of  notices  of  local 
folk-lore  are  collected  together.  If  they  have 
never  been  transferred  to  "  N.  &  Q.,"  and  I  do 
not  remember  to  have  seen  them  in  its  pages,  they 
well  deserve  a  place  amongst  your  stores  of 
similar  traditions.  •  I  have  therefore  extracted 
them  :  and  in  sending  them  to  you,  I  feel  it  only 
right  to  say  a  word  in  commendation  of  the  work 
from  which  they  are  taken.  Local  histories  such 
as  these,  written  by  persons  who  ^have  ready 
access  to  original  documents,  and  patience  to  ex- 
tract from  them  the  grains  of  gold  concealed  in 
the  bushels  of  sand,  cannot  fail  to  be  interesting 
and  useful  to  the  archaeologist.  I  trust  that  Mr. 
Hollingsworth  will  not  think  me  guilty  of  petty 
larceny  in  transferring  his  curious  notes  to  your 
pages :  — 

"I.  WITCHES. 

"  1.  An  old  woman  named  Wix  was  reputed  a  witch.- 
She  was  drowned  at  night  in  crossing  the  river  near  the 
mill,  and  when  found  her  body  was  swimming  on  the 
top  of  the  water,  which  was  thought  a  good  confirma- 
tion of  the  suspicions. 

"  2.  An  old  woman  used  to  frequent  Stow,  and  she  was 
a  witch.  If  as  she  was  walking  any  person  went  after  her 
and  drove  a  nail  into  the  print-mark  which  her  foot  left 
in  the  dust,  she  then  could  not  move  a  step  further  until 
it  was  extracted.  The  same  effects  followed  from  driving 
a  knife  well  into  the  ground  through  the  footprint. 

"  3.  The  most  famous  man  in  these  parts  as  a  wizard  was 
old  Winter  of  Ipswich.  My  Father  [Sexton  loquitur"] 
was  in  early  life  apprentice  to  him,  and  after  that  was 
servant  to  Major  Whyte,  who  lived  in  Stow-upland  at 
Sheepgate  Hall.  A  farmer  lost  some  blocks  of  wood  from 
his  yard,  and  consulted  Winter  about  the  thief.  By  mu- 
tual arrangement  Winter  spent  the  night  at  the  farmer's 
house,  and  set  the  latter  to  watch,  telling  him  not  to 
speak  to  any  one  he  saw.  About  twelve  a  labourer  living 
near  came  'into  the  woodyard  and  hoisted  a  block  on 
his  shoulder.  He  left  the  yard  and  entered  the  meadow, 
out  of  which  lay  a  style  into  his  own  garden.  But  when 
he  got  into  the  field  he  could  neither  find  the  style  nor 
leave  the  field.  And  round  and  round  the  field  he  had 
to  march  with  the  heavy  block  on  his  shoulder,  af- 
frighted, yet  not  able  to  stop  walking,  until  ready  to  die 
with  exhaustion,  the  farmer  and  Winter  watching  him 
from  the  window,  until  from  pure  compassion  Winter 
went  up  to  him,  spoke,  dissolved  the  charm,  and  relieved 
him  from  his  load.  (Sexton.) 

"  II.  FAIRIES. 

"  1.  The  whole  of  the  Hundred  is  remarkable  for  fairy 
stories,  ghost  adventures,  and  other  marvellous  legends. 

"  Fairies  frequented  several  houses  in  Tavern  Street 
about  80  to  100  years  since.  They  never  appeared  as 
long  as  anyone  was  about.  People  used  to  lie  hid  to  see 
them,  and  some  have  seen  them.  One  in  particular  by  a 
wood-stack  up  near  the  brick-yard;  there  was  a  large 
company  of  them  dancing,  singing,  and  plaving  music 
together.  They  are  very  small  people,  quite  "little  crea- 
tures, and  very  merry.  But  as  soon  as  they  saw  any- 


body, they  all  vanished  away.  In  the  houses,  after  they 
had  fled,  on  going  up  stairs,  sparks  of  fire  as  bright  as 
stars  used  to  appear  under  the  feet  of  the  persons  who 
disturbed  them.  (Old  Parish  Clerk.) 

"  2.  Neighbour  S.  is  a  brother  [sister?]  of  old  B.  the 
sexton.  He  died  at  82 ;  she  is  now  near  80.  Her  father 
was  a  leather  breeches-maker;  and  her  mother  having 
had  a  baby  (either  herself  or  her  sister,  she  forgets 
which),  was  lying  asleep  some  weeks  after  her  confine- 
ment in  bed  with  her  husband,  and  the  infant  by  her 
side.  She  woke  in  the  night  —  it  was  dimmish  light  — 
and  missed  the  babe.  Uttering  an  exclamation  of  fear, 
lest  the  fairies  (or  feriers)  should  have  taken  the  child, 
she  jumped  out  of  bed,  and  there,  sure  enough,  a  num- 
ber of  the  little  sandy  things  had  got  the  baby  at  the 
foot  of  the  bed,  and  were  undressing  it.  They  fled  away 
through  a  hole  in  the  floor,  laughing  as  if  they  shrieked"; 
and  snatching  up  her  child,  on  examination  she  found 
that  they  had  laid  all  the  pins  head  to  head  as  they  took 
them  out  of  the  dress.  For  months  afterwards  she  al- 
ways slept  with  the  child  between  herself  and  husband, 
and  used  carefully  to  pin  it  by  its  bed-clothes  to  the  pil- 
low and  sheets  that  it  might  not  be  snatched  hastily 
away.  This  happened  in  the  old  house  which  stood 
where  the  new  one  now  stands,  on  the  south  side  of  the 
vicarage  gate. 

"  3.  A  woman,  as  she  heard  tell,  had  a  child  changed, 
and  one,  a  poor  thing,  left  in  its  place ;  but  she  was  very 
kind  to  it,  and  every  morning  on  getting  iip  she  found  a 
small  piece  of  money  in  her  pocket.  My  informant 
firmly  believes  in  their  existence,  and  wonders  how  it  is 
that  of  late  years  no  such  things  have  been  seen. 

"  4.  ONEHOUSE.  A  man  was  ploughing  in  a  field,  a 
fairy  quite  small  and  sandy- coloured  came  to  him  and 
asked  him  to  mend  his  peel  (a  flat  iron  with  a  handle  to 
take  bread  out  of  an  oven).  The  ploughman  soon  put  a 
new  handle  to  it,  and  soon  after  a  smoking  hot  cake 
made  its  appearance  in  the  furrow  near  him,  which  he 
ate  with  infinite  relish. 

"  5.  A  fairyman  came  to  a  woman  in  the  parish  and 
asked  her  to  attend  hjs  wife  at  her  lying-in.  She  did  so, 
and  went  to  fairyland,  and  afterwards  came  home  none 
the  worse  for  her  trip.  But  one  Thursday,  at  the  market 
in  Stow,  she  saw  the  fairyman  in  a  butcher's  shop  helping 
himself  to  some  beef.  On  this  she  goes  up  and  spoke  to 
him.  Whereupon  much  surprised,  he  bids  her  say  no- 
thing about  it,  and  inquires  with  which  eye  she  could  see 
him,  for  when  in  fairyland  he  had  rubbed  one  of  her  eyes 
with  some  ointment.  On  pointing  to  the  gifted  eye,  he 
blew  into  it,  and  from  that  time  she  could  never  see  a 
fairy  again. 

"6.  The  house  in  which  A.  W.  now  lives  was  the 
scene  of  fairy  visits  and  officiousness.  A  man  lived  there 
about  100  years  since,who  was  visited  constantly  by  a  fairy 
(or  ferrier,  or  ferisher).  They  used  his  cottage  for  their 
meetings.  They  cannot  abide  dirt  or  slovenliness,  so  as 
it  was  kept  tidy  and  clean  they  cut  and  brought  faggots 
for  the  good  man,  and  filled  his  oven  with  nice  dry  wood 
every  night.  They  also  left  a  shilling  for  him  under  the 
leg  of  a  chair.  And  a  fairy  often  came  to  him  and  warned 
him  not  to  tell  any  one  of  it,  for  if  he  did,  the  shilling,  wood, 
and  fairies  would  never  come  to  him  again.  Unluckily  for 
him  he  did  tell  his  good  luck,  and  then  his  little  friends 
were  never  seen  by  him  more.  The  fairy  wore  yellow 
satin  shoes,  was  clothed  with  a  green  long  coat,  girt 
about  by  a  golden  belt,  and  had  sandy  hair  and  com- 
plexion. 

"  7.  STOWMARKET,  1842.  —  S.,  living  for  30  years  in 
the  cottages  in  the  hop  ground  on  the  Bary  road,  coming 
home  one  night  20  years  since,  in  the  meadow  now  a  hop 
ground,  not  far  from  three  ashen  trees,  in  very  bright 


260 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


IX.  APRIL  7.  '60. 


moonlight,  saw  the  fairies.  There  might  be  a  dozen  of 
them,  the  biggest  about  three  feet  high,  and  small  ones 
like  dolls.  Their  dresses  sparkled  as  if  with  spangles,  like 
the  girls  at  shows  at  Stow  fair ;  they  were  moving  round 
hand-iii-hand  in  a  ring,  no  noise  from  them.  They 
seemed  light  and  shadowy,  not  like  solid  bodies.  I  passed 
on,  saving,  '  The  Lord  have  mercy  on  me,  but  them  must 
be  the  fairies ;'  and  being  aloue  then  on  the  path  over  the 
field,  could  see  them  as  plain  as  I  do  you.  I  looked  after 
them  when  I  got  over  the  style,  and  they  were  there,  just 
the  same,  moving  round  and  round.  I  ran  home  and 
called  three  women  to  come  back  with  me  and  see  them. 
But  when  we  got  to  the  place  they  were  all  gone.  I  could 
not  make  out  any  particular  things  about  their  faces.  I 
might  be  40  yards  from  them,  and  I  did  not  like  to  stop 
and  stare  at  them.  I  was  quite  sober  at  the  time." 

These  extracts  are  so  pleasantly  written,  and 
the  details,  particularly  of  the  dress  and  stature 
of  the  "  good  people,"  so  quaint  and  curious,  that 
I  believe  you  will  not  grudge  the  space  which 
they  will  occupy.  In  these  days,  when  railway 
engines  are  driving  fairies  far  away  from  merry 
England,  it  becomes  a  matter  of  no  little  interest 
to  arrest  the  fleeting  traditions  about  them,  which 
seem  likely  to  vanish  very  speedily. 

W.  SPARROW  SIMPSON. 


A  WANT  IN  HERALDIC  LITERATURE. 

There  is  yet  a  book  wanting  in  heraldic  litera- 
ture. Will  somebody  take  the  trouble  to  compile 
it?  Such  a  book  cannot  be  a  duodecimo.  It 
cannot  be  less  than  a  thick  royal  octavo  in  Bre- 
vier, not  leaded.  In  the  pages  of  "  N".  &  Q."  we 
frequently  see  questions  oil  heraldry  asked  ;  ques- 
tions which  no  books  on  this  subject  yet  published 
are  calculated  to  answer.  One  correspondent 
has,  perhaps,  an  old  piece  of  plate  in  his  posses- 
sion, on  which  there  is  engraved  an  old  coat  of 
arms.  He  believes  that  this  piece  of  plate  was 
brought  into  the  family  by  his  great-great-grand- 
father's wife,  and  that  it  bears  the  armorial  achieve- 
ment of  her  maiden  surname.  He  does  not  know 
what  her  maiden  name  was,  but  of  course  he  is 
anxious  to  know.  We  will  suppose  that  the  arms 
on  the  plate  are,  argent,  a  bend  wavy  sable.  He 
looks  at  this  hieroglyphic,  and  would  fain  know 
whose  name  is  pictured  there  ;  but  as  there  is  no 
published  book  that  can  tell  him,  he  flies  to  "  N". 
&  Q.,"  as  we  all  of  us  do  now  and  then  when  we 
are  in  distress.  He  describes  the  coat  by  saying 
it  is  argent,  a  bend  wavy  sable,  and  begs  some 
kind  unknown  to  tell  him  what  family  name  it 
stands  for.  To  this,  some  courteous  unseen  re- 
plies Wallop ;  and  for  the  first  time  in  his  life  he 
discovers  he  has  Wallop  blood  in  his  veins. 
Another  has  several  hall  chairs  of  antique  pat- 
tern, which  he  can  remember  ever  since  he  can 
recall  the  first  glimmer  of  daylight,  on  the  backs 
of  which  are  painted  the  following —  azure,  a. 
chevron  ermine,  between  three  escalopes  argent. 


No  person  that  he  knows,  and  no  book  that  he 
has  ever  seen,  can  inform  him  whose  name  is  there 
concealed ;  so  he  flies  in  his  despair  to  "  N.  & 
Q.,"  when  somebody  in  reply  suggests  "  Towns- 
hend."  This  sheds  a  new  light  into  his  mind, 
for  he  'recollects  that  his  grandfather  was  called 
John  Townshend  Smith,  and  that  leads  to  the 
discovery  that  his  great-grandfather  married  a 
Townshend.  So  he  now  knows  where  the  old 
chairs  came  from.  Another  person  buys  a  valu- 
able folio  volume  at  a  second-hand  book-stall. 
On  examining  it  at  home,  he  observes  a  book- 
plate inside  the  cover,  bearing  argent,  on  a  cross, 
gules,  five  escalopes  or.  He  wishes  to  trace  the 
peregrinations  of  this  book  through  the  hands  of 
its  several  possessors,  before  it  came  to  him,  and 
he  is  desirous  of  knowing  what  possessor  bore 
those  arms.  There  is  the  cross,  and  there  are 
the  escalopes,  and  there  are  the  tinctures.  With 
these  leading  features  as  guides,  how  is  it  we 
have  no  book  that  will  tell  ?  He  applies  as  be- 
fore, and  obtains  the  name  of  Villiers.  Again  : 
suppose  I  am  walking  down  Regent  Street  some 
afternoon  in  the  season,  and  I  see  a  handsome 
carriage  which  attracts  my  attention.  On  the 
panel  I  read  argent,  a  saltier  gules,  surmounted 
by  a  coronet  with  five  strawberry  leaves.  How  is 
it  we  have  no  book  on  heraldry  that  would  inform 
us  that  that  carriage  belongs  to  Fitz- Gerald, 
Duke  of  Leinster  ?  We  have  plenty  of  books 
that  tell  us  what  coats  of  arms  belong  to  what 
names,  but  none  that  tell  us  what  names  belong 
to  what  coats  of  arms.  There  is  no  lack  of  books 
wherein  the  family  names  are  .  arranged  alpha- 
betically, to  which  are  attached  their  several  and 
sundry  armorial  bearings.  But  I  want,  the  ar- 
morial bearings  given,  to  find  the  names.  This  is 
just  the  contrary.  Do  I  make  myself  under- 
stood? What  we  now  have  is — given,  the  name, 
to  find  the  arms :  what  we  lack  is  —  given  the 
arms,  to  find  the  name.  To  complete  such  a 
book  would  demand  a  considerable  amount  of 
planning,  arrangement,  and  classification.  I 
would  begin  with  the  Honourable  Ordinaries,  or 
principal  charges.  Every  coat  bearing  a  chief 
should  stand  under  one  head  or  chapter.  Then, 
if  we  saw  a  shield  whereon  there  appeared  a  chief, 
and  wished  to  know  the  name  of  the  family  to 
which  it  pertained,  we  should  only  have  to  run 
our  eyes  down  the  columns  under  this  head,  and 
we  should  soon  come  to  it.  Every  one  bearing  a 
pale  under  another  chapter  :  every  one  a  bend  — 
a  fess — a  bar — a  chevron — a  cross,  under  another 
and  another,  and  so  on.  Under  the  head  "  Bend" 
would  be  found  the  arms  on  the  old  piece  of  plate 
belonging  to  Wallop  :  and  also  all  coats  bearing 
other  minor  devices  besides  the  bend,  for  every 
coat  would  be  classified  according  to  its  principal 
device,  and  not  according  to  its  minor  ones.  Under 
"  Chevron "  would  come  the  hall  chairs :  under 


2»d  g.  IX.  APKIL  7.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


261 


"  Cross  "  the  arms  of  Villiers  :  and  under  "  Sal- 
tier "  Fitz-Gerald. 

Next,  the  subordinaries  in  rotation,  following 
the  order  usually  given  to  them  by  heralds.  Then 
the  common  ordinaries.  For  instance,  all  shields 
having  lions  must  come  together.  First,  all  those 
bearing  one  lion  ;  then  those  having  two ;  then 
those  with  three ;  then  those  with  more.  The 
same  with  birds,  or  fish,  or  all  other  animals  ;  and 
lastly,  devices  of  less  pretence. 

.The  frequent  questions  for  names  unknown,  ^as 
pertaining  to  known  arms,  prove  that  such  a  Dic- 
tionary of  Arms  is  needed.  At  one  time  I  seri- 
ously contemplated  the  compilation  myself;  but 
in  the  way  of  arts  and  sciences  and  other  hobbies, 
I  have  too  many  irons  in  the  fire  already.  Any 
person  possessed  of  the  necessary  amount  of  lei- 
sure, patience,  and  perseverance,  could  do  it.  It 
is  not  imperative  that  the  compiler  should  have 
had  a  College  education,  though  it  would  be  well 
if  he  had  some  general  knowledge  of  Heraldry. 
No  new  materials  are  required,  but  only  a  dif- 
ferent arrangement  of  the  old. 

I  should  be  sorry  to  close  these  remarks  without 
taking'  this  opportunity  of  thanking  C.  J.  for  his 
reply  (2nd  S.  ix.  55.)  to  a  question  of  the  above 
nature  put  forward  by  me.  And  the  correctness 
of  his  reply  has  been  since  corroborated  by  some 
passages  in  an  old  will  recently  discovered. 

P.  HlJTCHINSON. 

[Our  correspondent  will  find  exactly  what  he  seeks  in 
Mr.  Papworth's  Ordinary  of  British  Armorials,  publishing 
by  subscription,  and  of  which  three  numbers  are  now  out. 
The  method  there  pursued  is  somewhat  simpler  and  easier 
than  that  proposed.  All  charges  are  taken  in  alpha- 
betical order  without  regard  to  whether  they  be  ordinaries 
or  not.  The  principal  charge  is  first  to  be  sought,  and 
then  running  the  eye  down  the  column  the  tinctures  of 
the  field,  taken  alphabetically,  are  found.  Thus,  if  the 
coat  be,  or  three  annulets  gules,  look  for  the  principal 
charge,  "  three  annulets,"  which  we  find  at  page  5.,  and 
opposite  to  or  we  find  the  coat  to  be  that  of  Hutton.  If 
there  jbe  any  charge  in  chief  we  look  for  it  under  the 
next  head,  3  annulets  and  in  chiefs,  greyhound  courant 
sable,  which  is  the  coat  of  Rhodes ;  if  in  base,  under  the 
next  head.  If  the  principal  charge  be  between  or  within 
other  charges  under  the  next  head,  and  so  on  as  is  de- 
scribed in  the  Preface.  The  work  is  entirely  written,  and 
is  appearing  in  numbers.  Particulars  may'be  had  of  the 
Author,  14  A.  Great  Marlborough  Street.  We  can  very 
sincerely  recommend  it  to  our  correspondent,  and  all  our 
readers.  Some  idea  of  the  labour  and  research  bestowed 
on  the  book  may  be  inferred  from  the  fact  that  it  contains 
about  50,000  coats  of  arms,  all  British  or  Irish.] 


JUMUS,    BOYD,    AND    LoRD    MACARTNEY.  —  In 

1800,   George  Chalmers  published  An  Appendix 

to  the  Supplemental  Apology  for  the  Believers  in 

iposititious   Shakspeare-  Papers :    being  the 

'tits  for   the  Opinion   that  Hugh  M'-Auley 

Boyd  wrote  Junius's  Letters.    In  a  presentation 


copy  "  From  the  Author  to  Lord  Macartney,  as  a 
mark  of  his  sincere  respect,"  is  the  following  MS. 
note  signed  M.,  and  most  probably  written  by  his 
Lordship  himself:  — 

"  Great  industry,  research,  ingenuity,  and  critical  sa- 
gacity are  displayed  in  this  treatise,  and  afford  very 
plausible  grounds  for  the  opinion  which  Mr.  Chalmers 
has  formed.  But  a  variety  of  circumstances  prevents  me 
from  adopting  it.  Having  been  shut  up  in  a  small  packet 
with  Mr.  Boyd  during  a  four  months'  passage  to  India 
without  once  letting  go  our  anchor,  I  had  frequent  op- 
portunities of  sounding  his  depth,  and  of  studying  and 
knowing  him  well.  He  was  strongly  recommended  to 
me  by  some  of  my  friends  whom  I  wished  to  oblige ;  but 
previous  to  my  Indian  appointment,  though  I  knew  many 
of  Mr.  Boyd's  connexions  and  relations,  I  was  not  per- 
sonally acquainted  with  him.  I  do  not  say  that  he  was 
incapable  of  writing  to  the  full  as  well  as  Junius ;  but  I 
say  I  do  not  by  any  means  believe  that  he  was  the  author 
of  Junius. 

"  Mr.  Boyd  had  many  splendid  passages  of  Junius  by 
heart,  as  also  of  Mr.  Burke's  parliamentary  speeches  and 
political  pamphlets,  the  style  of  all  which  he  knew  how 
to  imitate.  He  was  also  a  great  admirer  of  Sterne,  and 
often  affected  his  manner  in  his  private  letters,  and  not 
unsuccessfully.  The  Whig  and  Antrim  Freeholders  seem 
rather  to  be  imitations  of  Junius  than  productions  of  the 
same  pen.  Mr.  Chalmers's  argument  would  be  stronger 
if  any  performance  of  Mr.  Boyd  previous  to  the  appear- 
ance of  Junius  could  be  found,  which  indicated  that 
Junius  might  be  expected  from  such  a  writer. 

"  As  far  as  I  can  venture  to  form  an  opinion  upon  the 
subject  of  Junius,  I  should  think  Mr.  Dyer  to  have  been 
the  principal  author.  M." 

The  person  noticed  by  Lord  Macartney  is  Samuel 
Dyer,  the  friend  and  associate  of  the  literati  of  the 
last  century.  Malone  is  the  first,  probably,  who 
asserted  that  Dyer  was  the  author  of  Junius' s 
Letters.  J.  Y. 

BUG:  DAISY:  FEAT.  —  Samuel  Purkis,  in  a 
letter  to  George  Chalmers,  dated  Brentwood,  Feb. 
16,  1799,  notices  the  following  provincialisms  :  — 

"  As  I  had  some  time  since  the  honour  of  writ- 
ing to  you  on  etymology,  I  cannot  help  noticing 
two  curious  words,  which  in  a  letter  I  have  just 
received  from  an  ingenious  friend  in  Lincolnshire 
are  said  to  be  in  common  use  with  the  lower 
class  of  people  in  that  county  : 

"  Bug :  conceited,  proud.  *  As  he  is  very  lug 
of  it,'  that  is,  he  is  very  proud  of  it.  *  A  poor  lug 
fool,'  that  is,  a  conceited  blockhead. 

[Richardson  informs  us,  that  "  BUG  is  not  an  uncom- 
mon expression  in  the  North.  He  is  quite  bug ;  i.  e.  great, 
proud,  swaggering.  "  Hunt.  '  Dainty  sport  toward  Dai- 
yell;  sit,  come,  sit,  sit  and  be  quiet;  here  are  kingly 
bugs  words."  —  Ford,  Perkin  Warbeck,  Act  III.  Sc.  2.] 

"  Daisy  :  remarkable,  extraordinary,  excellent : 
as  '  She  is  a  daisy  lass  to  work,'  that  is,  she  is  a 
good  working  girl.  '  I'm  a  daisy  body  for  pud- 
ding,' that  is,  I  eat  a  gre3t  deal  of  pudding. 

"  As  I  am  on  this  subject,  allow  me  to  remark, 
that  in  the  Act  of  James  I.,  cap.  xxii.  sect.  25., 
the  word  feat  is  used  in  a  sense  rather  unusual. 
'  No  person  shall  use  or  exercise  the  feat  or  mys- 


262 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  APRIL  7.  '60. 


tery  of  a  tanner,  &c.'     This  is  different  from  any 
modern  acceptation  of  the  word."  J.  Y. 

ENGLISH  MERCANTILE  HISTORY  :  THE  LEVANT- 
—  There  are  many  interesting  facts  relating  to 
English  intercourse  with  the  Levant  which  have 
to  be  collected  before  the  history  of  the  indi- 
viduals and  events  can  be  written,  and  for  which 
the  pages  of  "  X.  &  Q."  afford  a  convenient  place 
of  assemblage,  as  they  have  already  proved  valu- 
able garners  for  various  branches  of  history. 

In  the  Visitation  of  Yorkshire,  by  Dugdale,  pub- 
lished by  the  Surtees  Society,  is  to  be  found  — 

"  Marmaduke  Wy  vill,  1665,  *  merchant  in  Scio,'  second 
son  of  Sir  Marmaduke  Wyvill." 

It  is  worthy  of  note  that  in  those  pedigrees 
cadets  were  found  entered  as  "  merchants." 

Scio  was  two  centuries  ago,  as  now,  a  great 
centre  of  the  trading  Greeks.  It  is  from  this 
island  that  the  great  Greek  firms  of  London,  the 
Rallis,  &c.,  have  of  late  years  spread. 

In  ArundelFs  Seven  Churches  are  to  be  found 
materials  for  a  list  of  chaplains  of  Smyrna  and 
other  factories,  obtained  from  the  Smyrna  re- 
cords. 

The  Rev.  Jno.  Greaves,  who  went  to  the  East 
in  1638  to  purchase  MSS.  for  Archbishop  Laud, 
affords  in  his  Miscellaneous  Works  (London,1 1737) 
a  few  names.  In  1638,  Sir  Win.  Paston  was  at 
Cairo ;  in  that  year  Mr.  Greaves  sent  instruments 
to  Bagdad,  Smyrna,  and  Alexandria  for  observing 
an  eclipse  of  the  moon  in  December.  In  1649 
Mr.  Pecket,  jun.,  an  English  merchant  at  Con- 
stantinople known  to  Mr.  Greaves  in  1638,  died 
in  that  city.  The  English  ambassador's  secre- 
tary at  Constantinople  in  1638  was  Dominico,  a 
Greek.  Santo  Sagherri  appears  to  have  been 
centred  at  Cairo. 

Pietro  della  Valle,  1614,  speaks  of  English 
passengers  to  Constantinople  in  the  ship  from 
Venice,  and  of  the  establishment  of  the  English 
embassy  there.  HYDE  CLARKE. 

Smyrna. 

LONGEVITY.  — 

"  Midhurst,  a  town  in  Sussex,  containing  only  140 
houses  and  cottages,  has  at  present  78  inhabitants,  male 
and  female,  whose  ages  are  above  70.  Of  this  number, 
32  are  80  and  upwards,  and  5  are  between  90  and  100. 
What  is  also  remarkable  is,  that  of  all  the  78  persons 
there  are  only  4  who  do  not  follow  their  ordinary  busi- 
ness or  occupations."  —  Dublin  Chronicle,  2nd  Dec.  1788. 

ABHBA. 

THE  FEMININE  AFFIX  ^  Ess."  — 

"  Our  English  affix  ess,  is,  I  believe,  confined  either  to 
words  derived  from  the  Latin,  as  actress,  directress,  &c., 
or  from  the  French,  as  mistress,  duchess,  and  the  like." — 
Coleridge,  Satyrane's  Letters,  ii. 

This  is  a  mistake :  e.  g.  semstress  (and  semster) 
from  seam,  which  is  from  the  A.-S. 

Waiteress  is  not  so  clear  a  case,  though  it  is 
nearer  to  German  than  French.  By-the-bye  De 


Quincey  (Autobiographic  Sketches,  1854,  vol.  ii. 
p.  188.)  has  this  remarkable  note  on  the  word 
waiter :  — 

"  Social  changes  in  London,  by  introducing  females 
very  extensively  into  the  office  (once  monopolized  by 
men)  of  attending  the  visitors  at  the  tables  of  eating"- 
houses,  have  introduced  a  corresponding  new  word,  viz. 
waitress  !  " 

The  fact  is,  it  is  no  novelty  at  all.  See  Wic- 
lif's  Bible,  Jeremiah,  ix.  17.  CLAMMILD. 

Athenaeum  Club. 

LORD  HAILES. — Lord  Hailes  was  punctilious 
as  to  propriety  of  expression,  especially  in  judicial 
proceedings  ;  and  hence,  in  &jeu  a"1  esprit  of  James 
Boswell's,  well  known  in  its  day,  called  the 
"  Court  of  Session  Garland,"  in  which  the  Judges 
then  on  the  Bench  are  satirised,  it  is  said  : 
"  '  To  judge  in  this  case,'  says  Hailes, ' I  dont  pretend. 

For  justice  I  see  wants  the  e  at  the  end.'  " 

I  have  been  lately  shown  a  copy  of  a  note  of 
his  Lordship's  in  a  cause  which  depended  before 
him.  It  is  in  the  following  terms,  and  seems  to 
indicate  that  the  joke  of  Boswell  was  not  much 
misapplied :  — 

•"The  Lord  Ordinary,  observing  that  in  the  writing 
entitled,  'Answers  for  Messrs.  Pringle  &  Hamilton,'  and 
in  the  writing  entitled,  'Answers  for  the  Creditors  of 
Nathaniel  Agnew,'  an  innovation  is  attempted  to  be  in- 
troduced into  the  Scottish  Alphabet  by  the  use  of  the 
letter  ' z'  instead  of  's,'  appoints  the  said  writings  to  be 
withdrawn,  and  to  be  copied  over  and  replaced  in  com- 
mon orthography;  in  respect  that  this  innovation  if 
yielded  to,  may  in  the  course  of  a  few  years  produce  a 
total  change  in  the  form  of  letters,  and  render  the  writing 
of  one  age  unintelligible  to  another." 

G. 
Edinburgh. 


REV.  D.  H.  URQTJHART.  —  Wanted  some  parti- 
culars of  this  gentleman,  who  is  the  translator  of 
Anacreon.  Is  he  the  author  of  other  poetical 
works  published  or  in  MS.  ?  R.  INGLIS. 

DANIEL  COXE.  —  Can  you  favour  me  with  any 
information  respecting  Daniel  Coxe,  author  of  A 
Description  of  the  English  Province  of  Carolana, 
London,  1741.  The  author  speaks  of  his  father 
being  "the  present  proprietor  of  the  province," 
but  does  not  say  how  it  came  into  his  possession. 
Is  it  known  how  long  it  was  held  by  the  family, 
and  where,  in  England,  they  were  originally  set- 
tled ?  C.  J.  ROBINSON. 

LATIN  VERSIONS  OF  THE  BOOK  or  COMMON 
PRAYER. — Where  can  I  find  any  tolerably  com- 
plete account  of  the  various  Latin  versions  of  the 
English  Prayer  Book  ?  B.  H.  C. 

HERALDIC  QUERY.  —  Can  any  one  of  your 
heraldic  correspondents  in  England  or  on  the  Con- 
tinent inform  me  what  was  the  crest  of  the  Seig- 


nd  S.  IX.  APRIL  7.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


263 


neurs  of  Chatres  and  Cannes  (in  the  department  of 
Indre),  whose  family  name  was  Brodeaux,  one  of 
whom  became  Marquis  de  la  Chatres  in  1661-2, 
'and  who  were  compelled  to  sell  their  estates  in 
1692,  being  Huguenots?  The  title  was  subse- 
quently alienated,  and  the  family  sought  refuge  in 
England.  Or  can  the  following  crest  be  iden- 
tified ?  — 

On  a  wreath,  two  birds  (doves  or  corbies)  con- 
fronte  or  combattant ;  over  them  a  coronet  with 
four  balls  on  long  points  (as  in  other  earl's  coro- 
nets), and  with  shorter  points  between  them. 

It  occurs  on  a  seal,  and  its  identification  would 
complete  a  family  history.  B.  B.  WOODWARD. 

Haverstock  Hill. 

ATHANASIAN  CREED.  — On  Christmas  Day  I 
attended  a  church  in  Yorkshire  where  the  whole 
Athanasian  creed  was  read  by  the  minister,  the 
people  repeating  every  verse  after  him.  This  was 
new  to  me,  but  it  struck  me  that  this  mode  was  on 
several  accounts  far  preferable  to  the  usual  one 
of  the  minister  and  people  reading  alternate 
verses.  The  Rubric,  too,  before  the  creed  being 
the  same  as  that  before  the  Apostles'  Creed,  seems 
to  support  this  method  of  reciting  it.  I  should 
be  glad  to  know  whether  there  is  any  reason  or 
authority  for  the  alternate  mode  of  reciting  it 
save  what  may  be  derived  from  the  cathedral 
practice  of  the  two  divisions  of  the  choir  singing 
the  verses  of  the  Psalms  alternately.  ETA  B. 

"Sour  HOUSE  BEGGARS."  —  Where  can  I  see 
a  copy  of  this  ballad,  which  was  commonly  sung 
about  the  year  1799?  The  refrain  of  the  song 
was:  — 

"  For  there's  no  parish  far  or  near  makes  soup  like 
Clerkenwell." 

W.  J.  PINKS. 

JOHN  COLMS. — Can  any  of  your  northern  cor- 
respondents furnish  a  few  particulars  of  John 
Colm,  or  Colms,  the  Pretender's  poet  laureat, 
circa  1746  ?  J.  Y. 

A  BOOK  PRINTED  AT  HoLTROOD  HOUSE. 

"  Sure  Characters,  distinguishing  a  Real  Christian 
from  a  Nominal :  together  with  Certain  Directions  how 
to  render  the  Baptismal  Graces  effectual ;  which  Instruc- 
tions, if  truly  observed,  will  undoubtedly  Guide  us  to 
Eternal  Happiness.  Done  originally  in  French  by  Father 
Cyprian  de  Gamaches,  and  Faithfully  translated  into  Eng- 
lish. Re-Printed  at  Holy-Hood  House,  1687." 

It  is  a  duodecimo  volume,  containing  133  pages, 
and  a  Dedication  to  "  The  Right  Honourable  and 
Truly  Noble,  Her  Grace  the  Duchess  of  Gordon," 
by  "  John  Held." 

I  cannot  find  any  account-  of  the  above  little 
volume  in  Lowndes,  Watt,  and  other  bibliogra- 

:  See  Shakspeare's  Plays,   by  Malone  and  Boawell, 
521,  vol.  iii.  p.  28.,  for  a  long  extract  from  this  ex- 
tremely rare  and  curious  book.  — ED.] 


phical  works  at  my  command,  and  I  believe  it  to 
be  a  very  rare  book.  Perhaps  some  of  the  con- 
tributors to  "  K.  &  Q."  would  be  able  to  assist 
me  in  tracing  out  something  of  its  history  ;  also, 
who  set  up  the  (I  presume  private)  press  at  Holy- 
rood  House,  and  what  other  works  were  issued 
from  it  ?  .  D.  T. 

REV.  F.  J.  H.  RANKEN.  —  The  Rev.  Francis 
John  Harrison  Ranken,  B.A.,  Queen's  Chaplain 
at  Gambia,  died  28th  March,  1847.  He  was  au- 
thor of —  1st.  A  Visit  to  the  Whiteman's  Grave 
(Sierra  Leone),  2  vols.,  1834.  2nd.  The  Man 
without  a  Soul,  a  novel,  1838.  He  is  also  said  to 
be  the  author  of  "  The  Possums  of  Aristophanes,'* 
a  political  dramatic  sketch,  published  in  Prater's 
Magazine  in  1836,  vol.  xiv.  Can  you  inform  me 
of  what  University  Mr.  Ranken  was  a  member,  or 
give  me  any  farther  account  of  him  ?  R.  INGLIS. 

PERRONET'S  "  HYMNS."  —  If  any  of  the  readers 
of  "  ]Sr.  &  Q."  possess  a  copy  of  the  following 
book,  it  will  confer  a  great  favour  on  the  inquirer 
by  the  loan  of  it  for  a  few  days :  — 

"  A  Small  Collection  in  Verse;  A  Hymn  to  the  Holy 
Ghost ;  Epitaph  on  John  Perronet.  By  Edward  Perro- 
net,  1772." 

DANIEL  SEDGWICK. 

Sun  Street,  City. 

THE  COGNIZANCE  OF  THE  DRUMMONDS.  —  In 
BlachwoocCs  Magazine  for  September,  1822  (vol. 
xii.  p.  271.),  it  is  stated  in  an  anonymous  list  of 
the  clans  of  Scotland,  that  the  cognizance  of  the 
Drummonds  is  holly ;  whereas,  according  to  a 
coloured  print  in  my  possession  by  W.  Eagle, 
lithographed  by  J.  Gellatly,  Edinburgh,  it  is  re- 
presented to  be  "  wild  thyme."  Which  is  correct  ? 
Could  there  have  been  two  branches  of  the  clan  ? 
Will  one  of  your  readers,  conversant  with  such 
matters,  kindly  inform  me  ?  SERPYLLUM. 

PHYSICIAN  ALLUDED  TO  IN  "  THE  SPECTATOR." 
— In  the  478th  Number  .of  The  Spectator,  said  to 
be  by  Steele,  there  is  a  proposal  for  instituting  a 
repository  for  fashions ;  and  a  list  of  the  qualifi- 
cations required  in  candidates  for  office  in  the 
society  is  given.  The  last  qualification  is,  that 
they  should  be  in  fashion  "  without  apparent 
merit."  This  note  is  added  :  — 

"  !N.B. — The  place  of  physician  to  this  society, 
according  to  the  last-mentioned  qualification,  is 
already  engaged." . 

I  wish  to  know  if  any  particular  physician  is 
referred  to  in  this  note,  and  if  so,  who  ?  J.  E.  M. 

Trin.  Coll.,  Cambridge. 

NELSONICS. — I  have  in  my  possession  a  manu- 
script of  the  Order  of  Nelsonics,  with  their  Rules, 
Lectures,  &c.  Can  any  of  your  readers  inform 
me  whether,  at  the  death  of  Nelson,  there  was  a 
Lodge  dedicated  to  him  by  the  Freemasons  ?  or 
was  there  a  distinct  body  formed  under  the  title 


264 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  IX.  APRIL  7.  '60. 


of  "  Nelsonics,"  and  does  that  now  exist  ?  I  have 
a  number  of  works  on  Freemasonry,  but  can  find 
no  account  of  such  a  Lodge.  JOHN  PEARSON. 

18.  Holywell  Street,  Westminster,  S.W. 

HON.  CHARLES  BOTD. — The  Hon.  Charles  Boyd, 
second  son  of  William,  4th  Earl  of  Kilmarnock, 
died  at  Edinburgh  3rd  Aug.  1782.  This  gentle- 
man is  noticed  in  Bosweli's  Tour  to  the  Hebrides. 
In  Douglas's  Scottish  Peerage  it  is  said  regarding 
him  :  — 

"  He  received  a  literary  education,  possessed  a  familiar 
acquaintance  with  the  best  British  and  French  writers, 
was  master  of  no  inconsiderable  portion  of  humour,  and 
had  a  turn  for  making  verse." 

Is  anything  farther  known  regarding  Mr.  Boyd's 
literary  compositions  ?  R.  INGLIS. 


it!) 

JOHN  GISBORNE,  published  in  4to.,  London, 
1797,  The,  Vales  of  Wever^  a  local  descriptive 
poem.  A  second  edition  in  1851.  Can  you  give 
me  any  account  of  the  author  ?  Is  he  author  of 
other  poetical  works  published  or  MS.  ? 

R.  INGLIS. 

[John  Gisborne,  the  youngest  son  of  John  Gisborne  of 
St.  Helen's,  Derby,  and  Yoxall  Lodge,  was  born  26th 
Aug.  1770.  In  1784  he  became  a  scholar  at  Harrow,  and 
entered  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  in  1788.  On  the 
13th  Oct.  1792,  he  married  Miss  Millicent  Pole,  daughter 
of  Col.  Pole  of  Radborne.  During  his  residence  at  Woot- 
ton  Hall,  he  published  his  Vales  of  Wever,  4to.  1797 ;  and 
on  his  removal  to  Darley  Dale  in  1819,  a  poem  entitled 
Reflections.  Mr.  Gisborne  died  on  the  17th  June,  1851, 
and  was  buried  at  Breadsall  near  Derby.  In  1852,  his 
daughter,  Mrs.  Emma  Nixon,  published  A  Brief  Memoir 
of  the  Life  of  John  Gisborne,  Esq.,  with  Extracts  from  his 
Diary.'] 

FLEET  STREET.  — Can  any  of  your  numerous 
contributors  oblige  me  with  an  account  of  the 
early  history  of  Fleet  Street — its  churches,  ta- 
verns, and  its  wonders  of  by-gone  times  ?  By  so 
doing  they  will  oblige  one  who  was  born  in  the 
street.  T.  C.  N. 

[There  is  no  separate  work  on  the  History  of  Fleet 
Street;  but  the  information  required  must  be  collected 
from  such  books  as  Cunningham's  London;  Timbs's 
Curiosities  of  London ;  Knight's  London ;  Beaufoy's  Lon- 
don Tokens;  and  The  Streets  of  London,  by  J.  T.  Smith.] 

SEARCHER.  —  When  and  how  did  this  office 
originate;  when  was  it  abolished,  what  were  the 
duties,  fees,  and  emoluments  of  its  incumbent  ? 

F.  R.  S.  S.  A. 

[These  officers  seem  to  have  been  first  appointed  dur- 
ing the  ravages  of  the  plague  in  the  reign  of  James  I. 
They  are  also  recognised  in  the  "  Directions  of  Physicians 
for  the  Plague  set  forth  by  His  Majesty's  Command, 
1665,"  in  which  instructions  are  given  them  for  the  dis- 
covery of  that  disease.  In  the  Preface  to  the  Collection 
of  Bills  of  Mortality  from  1657  to  1759,  it  is  said  that 
every  parish  appoints  a  Searcher ;  and  in  John  Graunt's 


Natural  and  Political  Observations  made  upon  the  Bills  of 
Mortality,  4to.  1662,  p.  11.,  we  are  informed  that  "when 
any  one  dies,  then,  either  by  tolling  or  ringing  a  bell,  or 
by  bespeaking  of  a  grave  of  the  sexton,  the  same  is 
known  to  the  Searchers,  corresponding  with  the  said 
sexton.  The  Searchers  hereupon  (who  are  ancient  ma- 
trons sworn  to  their  office)  repair  to  the  place  where  the 
dead  corpse  lies,  and  by  view  of  the  same,  and  by  other 
enquiries,  they  examine  by  what  disease  or  casualty  the 
corpse  died.  Hereupon  they  made  their  report  to  the 
parish  clerk,  and  he,  every  Tuesday  night,  carries  in  an 
account  of  all  the  burials  and  christenings  happening 
that  week  to  the  Clerk  of  the  Hall.  On  Wednesday  the 
general  account  is  made  up  and  printed,  and  on  Thurs- 
days published  at  the  rate  of  4s.  per  annum  for  them." 
The  appointment  of  searcher  usually  fell  upon  old  women, 
and  sometimes  on  those  who  were  notorious  for  their 
habits  of  drinking.  The  fee  which  these  official  charac- 
ters demanded  was  one  shilling ;  but  in  some  cases  two 
proceeded  to  the  inspection,  when  the  family  was  de- 
frauded of  an  additional  shilling.  The  office  was  abolished 
by  the  Registration  Act,  6  &  7  Will.  IV.  c.  8G.,  which 
came  into  operation  July  1,  1837. 3 

"SlNG  OLD  ROSE  AND  BURN  THE  BELLOWS "  (2nd 

S.  ix.  72.)  —  This  saying  may  have  its  origin  in 
the  title  of  a  song,  "  The  History  of  old  Rose  and 
Bonny  Bella,"  if  such  could  be  found.  But  I 
think  the  most  probable  solution  is,  that  it  arose 
from  some  forgotten  anecdote  of  a  blacksmith, 
who,  in  some  fit  of  joyous  excitement,  singed  old 
Rose  (the  cart-horse)  and  set  fire  to  the  bellows  ; 
or  old  Rose  might  have  been  the  master  black- 
smith. That  the  blacksmith's  bellows  do  some- 
times catch  fire  I  know  from  a  laughable  incident 
which  occurred  some  years  ago  in  "  our  village." 
The  old  blacksmith  was  enjoying  his  nap  after 
dinner,  leaving  his  apprentice  to  take  care  of  the 
forge ;  instead  of  which  the  lad  commenced  a  little 
flirtation  with  his  master's  daughter.  Soon  they 
discovered  that  the  bellows  had  ignited ;  the  dam- 
sel ran  into  the  kitchen  exclaiming,  "Come,  father, 
come  !  here's  the  bellows  afire  ! "  "  Bella  Sophia," 
grunted  the  sleepy  blacksmith  ;  "  I  shan't  stir  for 
no  Bella  Sophias ;  and  don't  you  bring  none  of 
your  fine  folk  in  my  way,  or  I'll  start  'em." 

MAGOG. 

[Walton-says,  "Now  let's  go  to  an  honest  ale-house, 
where  we  may  have  a  cup  of  'good  barley-wine,  and  sing 
*  Old  Rose,'  and  all  of  us  rejoice  together."  The  song  al- 
luded to  by  the  worthy  angler  is  the  following,  and  occurs 
in  Dr.  Harington's  Collection  from  a  publication  temp. 
Charles  I. :  — 
"  Now  we're  met  like  jovial  fellows, 

Let  us  do  as  wise  men  tell  us, 
Sing  Old  Rose  and  burn  the  bellows ; 

Let  us  do  as  wise  men  tell  us, 

Sing,  &c. 

"  When  the  jowl  with  claret  glows, 

And  wisdom  shines  upon  the  nose, 
0  then  is  the  time  to  sing  Old  Rose, 

And  burn,  burn,  the  bellows, 
The  bellows,  and  burn,  burn,  the  bellows,  the  bellows." 

The  phrase, "  Sing  Old  Rose  and  burn  the  bellows,"  ap- 
pears as  a  Note  and  a  Query,  more  than  a  century  and  a 
half  since,  in  that  delectable  periodical  The  British  Apollo, 


2«»d  s.  IX.  APRIL  7.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


265 


1708-9,  where  the  following  rhyming  explanation  is  of- 
fered:— 

«  In  good  King  Stephen's  days,  the  Ram, 
An  ancient  inn  at  Nottingham, 
\Vas  kept,  as  our  wise  father  knows, 
By  a  brisk  female  call'd  Old  Rose; 
Many,  like  you,  who  hated  thinking, 
Or  any  other  theme  but  drinking, 
Met  there,  d'ye  see,  in  sanguine  hope 
To  kiss  their  landlady,  and  tope ; 
But  one  cross  night,  'mongst  twenty  other, 
The  fire  burnt  not,  without  great  pother, 
Till  Rose,  at  last,  began  to  sing, 
And  the  cold  blades  to  dance  and  spring; 
So,  by  their  exercise  and  kisses,  < 
They  grew  as  warm  as  were  their  wishes ; 
When,  scorning  tire,  the  jolly  fellows 
Cry'd,  Sing  Old  Rose  and  burn  the  bellows. 
This  may  be  very  diverting;   but  still  it  leaves  us  as 
much  in  the  dark  as  ever  as  to  the  origin  of  the  phrase. 
Perhaps  our  learned  correspondent  MR.  CHAPPELL  could 
tbro'.v  some  light  upon  it.} 

"  SHAGREEN."  —  In  a  letter,  dated  19th  Nov. 
1728,  is  the  following  sentence  :  — 

"  Bought  18  yards  of  very  pretty  white  silk,  something 
in  the  nature  of  Shagreen,  but  a  better  colour  than  they 
ever  are ;  it  cost  sixpence  a  yard  more  —  the  piece  came 
to  three  pounds  twelve  shillings." 

Can  you  give  any  information  as  to  this  species 
of  silk  (or  whatever  material  it  was),  here  called 
by  the  name  of  "  shagreen  "  ?  E.  W. 

[The  term  "  shagreen,"  when  applied  to  silk  and  not 
to  the  prepared  skin  of  fish  or  beasts,  was  a  kind  of 
taffeta,  and  is  an*  Anglicised  form  of  the  French  chagrin, 
which  is  also  used  to  signify  a  sort  of  silk,  as  well  as  pre- 
pared skin.  Referring  to  silk,  shagreen  does  not  appear 
to  indicate  colour,  or  strictly  speaking  quality ;  but  rather 
intimates  the  grained  or  pimpled  fabric  of  the  silk,  re- 
sembling the  sort  of  skin  or  leather  which  was  called 
shagreen,  and  formerly  much  more  used  than  at  present.] 


THE  TE  DEUM. 
(2nd  S.  viii.  3o2.) 

MR.  BOYS  has  already  so  well  repelled  the  no- 
tion of  an  interpolation  in  this  hymn  (2nd  S.  ix. 
31.)  that  any  farther  remarks  must  be  merely 
corroborative  of  his.  But  it  may  be  observed 
that  there  is  a  fallacy  in  A.  H.  W.'s  ingenious  re- 
mark, that  "  the  versicles  "  [verses]  "  in  the  even 
places  answer  those  in  the  odd  places,  so  far  as 
the  three  interpolated  ones,  after  which  those  in 
the  odd  places  answer  those  in  the  even.'11  For  he 
counts  by  verses,  which  are  mere  arbitrary  divi- 
sions, and  are  independent  of  the  real  structure  of 
the  hymn.  This  is  one  of  strict  parallelism,  after 
a  model  altogether  scriptural :  so  strict,  as  to  give 
an  indication  of  a  very  ancient  origin.  If  St. 
Ambrose  was  not  the  author,  it  seems  more  likely 
to  have  been  composed  before  his  time  than  after. 
It  is  not  improbable  that  some  hymn  of  the  an- 


cient church  might  have  suggested  the  opening 
clauses  :  but  it  is  too  much  at  unity  in  itself,  to 
justify  the  idea  of  interpolation.  Take  away  the 
triple  invocation  of  the  Holy  Trinity,  and  there  is 
an  abruptness  and  deficiency  in  the  moral  struc- 
ture, which  demands  at  the  very  place  of  the  sup- 
posed interpolation  a  reiterated  assertion  of  God's 
true  nature,  in  terms  more  full  and  express  than 
before:  and  this  we  accordingly  find.  The  fol- 
lowing stichometrical  arrangement  of  this  dis- 
puted part  will  perhaps  serve  to  make  clear  the 
structure  of  the  hymn  thus  far.  Every  one 
versed  in  these  studies  knows,  that  a  passage  con- 
taining introverted  or  alternate  parallelism  may 
be  exhibited  in  more  than  one  form,  according  to 
the  ideas  which  are  brought  most  prominently 
into  relation  :  so  artificial  is  the  network  of  these 
compositions.  Thus  an  epanodos,  when  contem- 
plated at  another  point  of  view,  is  often  reducible 
to  cognate  couplets,  &c.  But  it  is  submitted, 
that  according  to  the  arrangement  below,  an  alter- 
nation of  clauses  and  a  progression,  in  the  succes- 
sive designations  of  the  Almighty,  are  observable, 
ending  in  a  noble  climax.  After  which  follows  a 
special  commemoration  of  Christ,  and  then,  as  I 
am  inclined  to  think,  of  the  Holy  Spirit,  beginning 
at  Salvum  fac,  &c.  The  Deum  and  Dominum  of 
the  first  distich  are  amplified  in  the  Sanctus,  &c. 
of  the  corresponding  clause,  and  still  more  am- 
plified in  the  lines  considered  as  interpolations. 
It  will  be  observed  the  triplet  describing  the 
praises  of  the  heavenly  powers,  is  in  apposition  to 
that  describing  the  praises  of  the  saints  on  earth. 

"  Te  Deum  laudamus : 
Te  Dominum  confitemur : 
Te  seternum  Patrem  omnis  terra  venerator. 
Tibi  omnes  Angeli, 
Tibi  cceli  et  universe  potestates : 
Tibi  Cherubin  et  Seraphin  incessabili  voce  procla- 

mant: 

Sanctus,  Sanctus,  Sanctus, 
Dominus  Deus  Sabaoth : 
Pleni  sunt  cceli  et  terra  majestatis  glorias  tuae. 
Te  gloriosus  Apostolorum  chorus, 
Te  Prophetarum  laudabilis  numerus, 
Te  Martyrum  candidatus  laudat  exercitus : 
Te  per  orbem  terrarum  sancta  confitetur  Ecclesia, 
Patrem  immensae  majestatis : 
Venerandum  tuum  verum  et  unicum  Filium : 
Sanctum  quoque  Paracletum  Spiritum." 

Though  unable  to  give  A.H.W.  the  information 
he  desires,  I  may  as  well  call  his  attention  to  a 
very  interesting  analysis  of  the  Te  Deum,  vindi- 
cating its  unity,  and  ably  exhibiting  its  structure 
on  the  plan  of  Scriptural  poetry,  in  the  .Irish 
Christian  Examiner  for  October,  1825  ;  without, 
however,  touching  upon  any  of  the  points  noticed 
above.  And  here  I  would  beg  to  convert  my 
Note  into  a  Query,  viz.,  Who  was  the  author  of 
the  above  critique  ?  I  have  some  idea  it  was  by 
an  excellent  and  able  member  of  the  Church  in 
Ireland,  many  years  dead:  but  I  abstain  from 


266 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  APRIL  7.  '60. 


mentioning  what  is  a  very  vague  idea,  lest  I  should 
do  injustice  to  some  living  critic,         JOHN  JEBB. 
Peterstow,  Ross, 


THOMAS  ADY:   BOOKS  DEDICATED  TO  THE 
DEITY. 

(2nd  S.  ix.  180.) 

Your  correspondent  has  noted  a  remarkable 
book  by  a  man  who  deserves  well  of  posterity, 
inasmuch  as  he  boldly  thrust  himself  between 
cruel  judges  and  the  poor  wretches  they  were 
sacrificing  upon  the  absurd  charge  of  witchcraft. 
AVhile  everybody  else  appeared  infatuated,  this 
respectable  clergyman  was  looking  on  with  horror 
at  these  judicial  murders,  and  with  a  view  to 
arrest  such  barbarities  produced  his  Candle  in  the 
Dark*,  warning  the  responsible  parties  to  whom 
it  is  addressed  to  pause  before  consigning  help- 
less old  men  and  women  to  death  for  impossible 
crimes ! 

Mr.  Ady  followed  the  enlightened  example  of 
Eeginald  Scot,  but  unhappily  the  impetus  given 
to  °the  belief  in  demoniacal  possession  by  royal 
sanction,  enforced  by  divers  godly  ministers,  over- 
powered the  humane  attempts  of  the  few  ;  and  the 
seventeenth  century  presents  to  us  the  humiliating 
picture  of  judges,  juries,  and  people  laying  aside 
their  common  humanity,  and  under  the  guidance 
of  the  brutal  witch-finder  permitting  atrocities 
more  in  accordance  with  the  practice  of  savages 
than  with  those  of  Christian  nations. 

My  copy  of  the  Candle  is  an  interesting  one, 
having  J.  Addison  on  the  title,  and  being  a  plea- 
sant reminiscence  of  old-book  hunting  in  the 
Tropics,  but  I  now  find  it  deficient  in  the  address 
"  To  the  Prince  of  the  Kings  of  the  Earth,"  with 
reference  to  which  CATO  asks  if  there  are  other 
examples  of  such  dedications.  The  subject  gene- 
rally affords  ample  materials  for  a  separate  Note  ; 
but  I  confine  myself  at  present  to  the  direct  ques- 
tion, by  answering  that  this  style  of  dedication  is 
by  no  means  uncommon,  and  I  find  the  following 
at  hand. 

The  dedication  to  the  Rev.  John  Home's  Divine 
Wooer,  1673,  begins,  — 

"  Lord,  I  would  dedicate  this  work  to  Thee, 
For  its  Materials  are  mainly  thine ; " 

and  thereupon  puts  under  the  patronage  of  the 
Deity  a  farrago  of  334  pages  of  very  uninspired 
matter.  The  Seraphical  Shepherd,  by  Cornelius 
Cay  ley,  1762,  has  a  dedication  to  Jesus  Christ,  in 
verse ;  the  Scotch  Psalms,  with  the  Notes  and 
Comments  of  Neil  Douglas,  1815,  bears  on  the 


*  In  allusion  to  the  dark  matter  in  hand,  there  is  upon 
the  title  an  emblematic  cut  representing  an  arm  issuing 
from  the  clouds,  bearing  a  lighted  candle.  The  book  was 
reproduced  in  1661,  under  the  title  A  Perfect  Discovery 
of  Witches.  I  can  find  nothing  regarding  the  author,  bu 
assume  that  he  was  in  holy  orders, 


itle  Dedicated  to  the  Messiah,  greatly  amplified 
ui  the  next  page,  To  Immanuel.  A  metrical 
^ersion  of  the  Psalms,  by  John  Stow,  1 809,  has 
a  long  address,  To  THEE,  O  Jehovah  !  &c.  Poets, 
particularly  spiritual  song  writers,  are  very  fond 
)f  this  questionable  kind  of  practice ;  the  follow- 
ng  (all  capitals  in  the  original)  I  give  in  extenso 
from  Tetalesti,  or  the  Final  Close ;  a  Poem,  1794: 

"  To  the  most  Sublime,  most  High  and  Might}",  most 
Puissant,  most  Sacred,  most  Faithful,  most  Gracious,  most 
Catholic,  most  Sincere,  most  Reverend,  and  most.  Righ- 
;eous  Majesty  Jehovah  Emanuel,  by  indefeasible  right 
Sovereign  of  the  Universe,  and  Prince  of  the  Kings  of 
;he  Earth,  Governor-General  of  the  World,  Chief  Shep- 
lerd  or  Archbishop  of  Souls,  Chief  Justice  of  Final  Ap- 
peal, Judge  of  the  Last  Assize,  Father  of  Mercies,  and 
Friend  of  Man,  This  Poem  (a  feeble  testimony  of  his 
obligation  and  hopes)  is  gratefully  and  humbly  presented 
by  His  Majesty's  highly  favoured  but  very  unworthy 
subject  and  servant  The  Author  (David  Bradberry)." 

"  J.  O. 


The  practice  of  dedicating  books  on  various 
subjects  to  "  Almighty  God "  had  in  other  in- 
stances prevailed  in  the  older  times,  and  that  with 
the  strictest  feelings  of  reverential  piety.  Two  or 
three  examples  at  hand  (in  reply  to  CATO)  may  be 
shortly  noted :  — 

"DEO  VERO,  ^ETERNO,  VNI  ET  TRINO."  A  Latin  Poem, 
Henrici  Smetii  vitam  complectens,  terminating  his  elaborate 
work  Prosodia.  Lvgdvni,  1619. 

"  To  the  Honour  and  Glory  of  the  Infinite,  Immense, 
and  Incomprehensible  Majesty  of  JEHOVAH,  the  Foun- 
taine  of  all  Excellencies,  the  Lord  of  Hosts,  the  Giver  of 
all  Victories,  and  the  God  of  PEACE,  by  J.  0.  Ley,  a  small 
crumme  of  mortality,  Septemb.  23,  1648,"  in  connexion 
with  "  The  Civill  Warres  of  England,  Collected  by  John 
Leycester."  London,  1649. 

"The  DEDICATION  to  the  Infinite,  Eternal,  and  All- 
Wise  God,  Father,  Son,  and  Holy  Spirit,— L.  N.  His  un- 
worthy Servant  and  Steward  of  the  Sacred  Mysteries  of 
his  Everlasting  Gospel,  humbly  devoteth  these  First- 
fruits  of  his  Small  things,  Most  Glorious  and  Dread  Sove- 
reign," &c.  prefixed  to*"  The  VOICE  of  the  ROD  or  GOD'S 
Controversie  pleaded  with  MAN.  By  L.  N.  fciAo/xafc}?,  Aft 
Eremis  meis,  Aug.  28,  1666,  London,  printed  for  Walter 
Dight,  Bookseller  in  Exeter,  1668."  12mo.  pp.  288. 

The  author,  in  "  A  Postscript  to  his  Readers," 
informs  them,  — 

"  If  anything  in  these  sheets  seem  to  be  born  out  of  due 
time,  know  that  they  have  had  a  hard  Travail.  They 
were  at  first  prepared  for  1665,  but  through  the  astonish- 
ing difficulty  of  our  late  Junctures"  &c.  had  suffered 
delay. 

It  would  appear  that  the  publication  had  been 
impeded  both  by  the  Plague  and  the  Great  Fire  of 
London. 

I  will  feel  obliged  to  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
who  can  furnish  me  with  the  full  name  of  the 
writer  of  this  rather  learned  and  interesting  dis- 
sertation. In  reviewing  the  literature  of  the  day, 
among  some  observations  of  a  general  kind,  he 
says  (p.  188.)  :  — 

"  Good  Books  are  another  part  of  your  Priviledge. 


2«a  s.  IX.  APRIL  7.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


267 


These  are  some  of  the  golden  streams  that  have  refresht 
and  made  glad  the  City  of  God.  How  wonderfully  hath 
the  Church  flourish!  under  these  Dews,  the  Pulpit  and 
the  Press  have  been  the  two  Breasts  of  the  Spouse,  or,  as 
the  Hands  of  Sampson  on  the  Pillars  of  the  Kingdom  of 
Satan.  'Tis  true  these  Breasts  have  been,  and  alwaies 
are,  molested  with  ill  humours,  and  give  Blood,  nay 
sometimes  Poyson,  instead  of  Milk.  But  we  have  that 
Glass  in  our  hands  that  will  discover  where  the  Poyson 
lies.  To  the  Law  and  to  the  Testimony"  &c. 

G.N. 

I  have  before  me  a  small  volume  entitled  — 
"A  Covert  from  the  Storm,  or  the  Fearful'encouraged 

in  Times  of  Suffering.   By  Nathaniel  Vincent,  a  Preacher 

and  Prisoner  of  Jesus  Christ.     1671." 

The  dedication  is  — 

"  To  Him  that  is  Higher  than  the  Highest,  and  will 
shortly  come  to  judge  the  world  in  righteousness. 
Most  Mischty  Lord,  &c.  &c.  &c. 

Thine  Eternally.— N.  VINCENT." 

The  author  was  the  son  of  a  pious  minister 
(John  Vincent)  ;  he  was  admitted  to  the  Uni- 
versity of  Oxford  at  eleven  years  of  age :  was 
Master  of  Arts  at  eighteen,  and  was  ordained  and 
fixed  as  rector  at  Langeley  Marsh  at  twenty- one. 
From  this  place  he  was  ejected,  and  came  to 
London  in  the  year  after  the  Great  Fire.  He 
preached  to  a  numerous  congregation  at  South- 
wark  for  some  time,  but  suffered  great  perse- 
cution for  the  truth.  He  died  21  June,  1697, 
and  was  interred  in  the  burying-ground  at  Bun- 
hill  Fields.  J.  A.  B. 

I  have  now  before  me  a  book  published  in  1654, 
which  is  also  dedicated  "to  God;"  the  title  is  as 
follows  :  — 

"  The  Dividing  of  the  Hooff,  or  seeming  Contradictions 
throughout  Sacred  Scriptures,  distinguished,  resolved, 
and  apply'd.  —  For  the  strengthening  of  the  Faith  of  the 
Feeble,  Doubtful,  and  Weake,  in  wavering  Times.  By 
William  Streat,  Master  of  Arts,  Preacher  of  the  Word,  in 
the  Countv  of  Devon.  1654." 

W.  H.  BURNS. 

CATO  asks:  "Are  any  instances  known  of  a  book 
being  dedicated  to  Almighty  God  ?"  An  affirma- 
tive reply  is  given  in  the  opening  passage  of  The 
Last  Judgment^  a  poem  from  the  pen  of  an  anony- 
mous author.  W.  G Y. 


MEDAL  FOR  THE  SIEGE  OF  GIBRALTAR, 

1779-1783. 
(2nd  S.ix.  176.) 

Only  four  gold  medals  were  struck  to  commemo- 
rate this  memorable  siege,  which  were  awarded  by 
the  king  to  Governor  Eliott  and  the  three  Ger- 
man generals  who  assisted  in  the  defence.  (Dods- 
ley's  Ann.  Keg.  1784-5,  p.  236.)  These  were  Re- 
den,  Lamotte,  and  Sydow. 

In  this  limited  distribution  an  unjust  prefer- 


ence was  shown  by  George  III.  for  his  Hanoverian 
generals,  to'  the  exclusion  of  the  gallant  Lieut.- 
Governor  Sir  Robert  Boyd,  and  the  successful 
chief  engineer,  Sir  William  Green,  both  of  equal 
rank,  at  least,  to  the  favoured  Germans. 

By  General  Eliott's  letter  in  "  N".  &  Q.,"  2nd  S. 
ix.  176.,  it  is  evident  that  silver  medals  only  were 
presented  by  him  to  the  Hanoverian  brigade,  so 
that  the  gold  medal  in  the  British  Museum  must, 
I  presume,  be  one  of  those  given  by  the  king  to 
the  four  generals. 

It  is  said  by  Major  Heise,  that  "  Lord  Heath- 
field,  as  a  token  of  gratitude,  appropriated  his 
prize-money  towards  casting  medals  in  gold  and 
silver,  which,  with  the  king's  permission,  he  caused 
to  be  distributed  to  every  officer  and  soldier  who 
had  the  honour  to  serve  under  him."  (  United  Service 
Journal,  1842,  ii.  p.  238.)  As  the  major  does  not 
support  himself  by  authority,  I  conceive  he  has 
erred ;  and  I  have  good  reason  for  saying  so, 
having  unavailingly  tried  to  verify  his  statement. 

LordHeathfield's  share  of  prize-money  was  about 
2000/.,  (see  Drinkwater's  Siege  of  Gibraltar)  ;  but, 
generous  as  the  "  Cock  of  the  Rock  "  was  known  to 
be,  his  only  outlay  for  medals,  as  far  as  discovery  at 
present  makes  us  aware  of  it,  appears  to  have  been 
the  sum  of  500Z.,  more  or  less,  to  do  honour  to  the 
Hanoverian  contingent.  And  yet  there  is  a  stray 
ray  of  light  dimly  showing  up  a  gift  (about  which 
there  is  no  record)  as  co- extensive  as  the  garrison 
itself. 

A  gentleman  at  Gibraltar  named  Francis  has  in 
his  possession  a  medal  (one  of  a  number  said  to  be 
cast  from  the  copper  taken  from  the  j  unk-ships), 
which  had  been  given  to  his  father,  Antonio 
Francia,  a  Portuguese,  at  that  time  a  corporal  in  the 
soldier-artificer  company,  now  Royal  Engineers. 
As  this  Antonio  Francia  possessed  no  merit  beyond 
that  attaching  in  an  equal  degree  to  his  fellows, 
and  was  not  more  conspicuous  than  they  for  those 
soldierly  qualities  which  mark  men  out  for  dis- 
tinction, it  is  natural  to  conclude  that  a  similar 
honourable  award  was  made  to  every  defender  of 
the  fortress. 

Of  the  junk-ship  medal  I  have  two  drawings  be- 
fore me.  In  form  it  is  unlike  anything  we  have 
ever  seen  given  for  military  services.  Its  shape  is 
almost  an  oval  (\\%  inches  by  lT5<r)»  wi*h  a  pro- 
jection at  the  top  interrupting  the  line  of  curve, 
in  which  is  a  rectangular  opening  for  a  ribbon  to 
pass  through*  The  medal  is  about  the  thickness 
of  a  penny,  and  bears  on  its  edge  (so  I  am  in- 
formed) the  name  of  the  corporal  who  received 
it.  On  the  obverse,  across  the  field,  is  this  inscrip- 
tion— 


GIB   CALP  OBSESSA 

HISP.   FRUSTRATA 

FAVENTE   DEO 

ET 

TE   DITCE 

G.   AUG.   ELIOTT 

TKJEF. 


268 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  APRIL  7.  '60. 


On  the  reverse,  in  the  field,  is  a  ship  on  fire,  and 
within  the  legend  line  is  the  motto,  URENS  NON 
UJCJSNS.  Under  the  ship  is  xm.  SEP.,  and  in  the 
exergue  below  A.  &.  c.  MDCCLXXXII. 

Can  the  junk-ship  medals  be  those  alluded  to 
by  Major  Heise  as  made  of  the  precious  metals  ? 
Of  the  gold  medals  to  the  generals,  and  silver 
ones  to  the  Hanoverians,  there  can  now  be  no 
question ;  but  of  the  issue  of  gold  and  silver 
medals  to  the  entire  garrison  there  certainly  is 
great  doubt,  and  so  there  is  of  the  issue  of  copper 
ones ;  but  the  existence  of  one  only  is  sufficient  to 
give  colour  to  the  belief  that  there  was  a  general 
distribution  of  the  junk-ship  sort. 

There  is,  as  you  will  see,  much  curious  confu- 
sion about  these  medals  which  it  would  be  worth 
while  to  investigate,  since  it  seems  there  is  no 
mention  of  the  whole  facts  in  any  work  with 
which  the  military  world  is  acquainted.  If  it  be 
established  that  medals  were  distributed  to  every 
officer  and  soldier  at  the  siege,  probably  this  is 
the  first  service  so  recognised  in  this  country,  by 
any  general  or  government. 

A  friend  whom  I  employed  to  make  inquiries 
about  this  junk-ship  medal  informed  me  it  was 
the  only  one  he  ever  saw  at  the  fortress;  and 
from  this  I  conclude  it  must  be  very  rare. 

M.  S.  R. 

Brompton  Barracks. 


SHAKSPEARE'S  JUG. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  198.) 

Having  for  many  years  been  in  the  habit  of 
preserving  cuttings  from  magazines,  newspapers, 
&c.,  from  any  scrap  in  which  historical  information 
relating  to  Shakspeare  occurs,  I  have  among  my 
Shakspeariana  the  advertisement  of  the  sale  of 
the  Shakspeare  jug  by  auction  at  Tewkesbury  on 
the  llth  May,  1841.  I  have  preserved  also  a 
copy  of  A  Few  Remarks,  Traditionary  and  De- 
scriptive, respecting  the  celebrated  Shakspeare  Jug 
publicly  exhibited  at  the  Great  Industrial  Exhi- 
bition of  1853  by  permission  of  Mrs.  Fletcher  of 
Glocester,  written  by  the  Firm  of  Messrs.  Kerr, 
Binns  &  Co.  of  Worcester,  Mrs.  Fletcher  having 
entrusted  them  with  it  to  manufacture  at  their 
China  Works  a  perfect  facsimile.  Messrs.  Kerr 
&  Co.  give  the  following  history  and  authentication 
of  the  jug  :  — 

"As  this  interesting  relic  was  never,  until  the  last  three 
years,  out  of  the  possession  of  the  collateral  descendants 
of  the  '  immortal  bard  of  Avon,'  it  becomes  necessary  to 
trace  its  history.  Its  present  possessor  purchased  it  from 
a  daughter  of  the  late  James  Kingsbnry,  Esq.,  of  Tewkes- 
bury, whose  wife  inherited  it  from  her  mother.  This 
lady,  whose  name  was  Richardson,  was,  through  her 
husband,  whom  she  survived,  related  to  the  Hart  family, 
direct  descendants  of  Shakspere's  sister  Joan;  and  the 
Harts  having  fallen  into  depressed  circumstances,  gave 
up  the  Jug  to  their  relative,  Mr.  Richardson,  in  compen- 


sation for  a  considerable  debt  owing  to  him  about  1787. 
Sarah  Hart,  who  thus  disposed  of  the  Jug,  was  fifth  in 
descent  from  Shakspere's  sister  Joan,  who  married  Wil- 
liam Hart,  of  Stratford-on-Avon,  and  previously  to  this 
the  Harts  had  constantly  kept  the  Jug  as  brought  into 
their  family  by  Joan  Shakspere. 

"  It  appears  from  Shakspere's  will,  that  he  left  his  sister 
Joan  all  his  wearing  apparel,  together  with  the  house  in 
which  he  was  born,  besides  which,  other  property  that 
had  been  Shakspere's  was  devised  to  the  Hart  family  by 
Lady  Barnard,  the  granddaughter  of  Shakspere,  in  whom 
the  line  of  Shakspere's  own  body  terminated.  It  therefore 
becomes  certain  that  various  relics  of  Shakspere  were  at 
one  time  in  their  possession.  Of  these,  however,  none 
appear  to  have  been  treasured  with  any  care  except  this 
Jug,  which  was  ever  denominated  Shakspere's,  as  having 
truly  belonged  to  the  immortal  bard. 

"  The  subsequent  history  of  the  Jug  is  as  follows :  —  It 
descended  to  Miss  Richardson,  who  married  James  Kings- 
bury,  Esq.,  of  Tewkesbury,  and  from  them  it  passed  to 
her  daughter,  who  sold  it  to  Edwin  Lees,  Esq.,  of  Fort- 
hampton  Cottage,  and  thus  for  a  period  it  passed  out  of 
the  family.  In  May,  1841,  it  was  offered  for  sale  among 
Mr.  Lees'  other  effects,  and  some  members  of  the  Hart 
family  attended  in  the  hope  of  getting  back  amongst 
them  this  interesting  relic  and  link  of  connection  between 
them  and  Shakspere;  but  the  price  went  higher  than 
their  means,  and  it  was  knocked  down  to  Mr.  James  Ben- 
nett, printer,  of  Tewkesbunr,  for  twenty  guineas  and  the 
auction  duty.  Mr.  Bennett  sold  it  to  Miss  Turberville,  a 
lady  residing  near  Cheltenham,  for  30/.,  and  in  June  last 
it  was  again  offered  for  sale  by  auction  among  the  other 
property  of  the  last-named  lady.  Mrs.  Fletcher,  of  Glou- 
cester, who  is  descended  from  the  Harts,  was  among  the 
bidders  for  the  Jug.  Several  other  persons  also  attended 
for  the  purpose  of  purchasing  it ;  but  in  consideration  of 
the  anxiety  which  Mrs.  Fletcher  evinced  to  get  back  into 
her  family  a  relic  which  was  so  greatly  prized,  they  with- 
drew their  opposition,  and  allowed  her  to  be  the  purchaser 
at  19  guineas  and  the  auction  duty.  Now,  Mrs.  Fletcher 
and  her  husband  are  in  that  situation  in  life  to  whom  the 
setting  up  a  fraudulent  and  fictitious  character  for  this 
Jug  would  be  seriously  injurious;  but  they  are  also  not 
so  affluent  as  to  make  it  a  matter  of  indifference  that  they 
should  spend  19  guineas  uselessly.  Indeed,  nothing  but 
a  strong  feeling  of  family  ties  and  pride  of  Shaksperian 
ancestr3r  could  have  induced  them  to  make  such  a  sacri- 
fice of  money,  which  has  been  further  very  greatly  in- 
creased by  the  handsome  and  elaborately  carved* case 
which  they  caused  to  be  manufactured  in  order  to  pre- 
serve their  cherished  relic  from  accidental  injury. 

"  The  authentic  history  of  this  Jug,  then,  goes  so  far 
back  as  the  lifetime  of  Sarah  Hart,  born  in  1730,  or  there- 
abouts ;  previously  to  which  time  it  had  evidently  been  a 
household  god  in  the  Hart  family.  It  is  true  the  Jug  is 
not  mentioned  in  Shakspere's  will.  It  would  be  very 
surprising  if  it  were :  it  had  no  intrinsic  value.  As  well 
might  we  expect  him  to  enumerate  all  his  domestic 
utensils.  Its  value  accrued  after  the  great  poet's  death, 
and  was  prized  because  it  had  been  Shakspere's,  and  not 
from  any  preciousness  of  material  or  manufacture ;  and 
yet  for  the  time  at  which  it  was  made,  it  is  an  interesting 
artistic  curiosity, — while  the  groups  of  Heathen  divinities, 
with  which  it  is  surrounded,  add  to  the  regard  in  which 
it  cannot  fail  to  be  held  by  any  person  at  all  familiar  with 
the  writings  of  the  immortal  bard,  and  who  can  call  to 
mind  the  numberless  mythological  allusions  with  which 
his  plays  abound." 

Should  the  editor  of  "  N.  &  Q."  receive  no  other 
and  more  authentic  reply  to  the  question  of 


S.  IX.  APRIL  7.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


269 


correspondent  CLAMMILD,  the  above  is  forwarded 
by  J.  M.  GUTCH. 

Worcester. 

An  excellent  facsimile  of  this  jug  is  manufac- 
tured by  Kerr,  Binns  and  Co.,  and  with  it  is  given 
a  History  of  the  Original.  Its  antiquity  is  denied 
by  Marryatt,  in  the  second  edition  of  his  work  on 
Pottery.  He  says  it  was  certainly  not  made  be- 
fore the  year  1700.  GILBERT. 

BURGHEAD:  SINGULAR  CUSTOM:  CLAVIE: 
DURIE. 

(2nd  S.  ix.  38.  106.  169.) 

Two  of  your  correspondents  having  taken  the 
trouble  to  reply  to  my  communication  on  this 
subject,  I  beg  permission  to  make  a  few  additional 
remarks. 

My  statement  (2nd  S.  ix.  38.)  that  the  "  durie"  is 
"a  small  artificial  eminence,"  must  be  taken  in  close 
connexion  with  what  immediately  follows  :  "  and 
interesting  as  being  a  portion  of  the  ancient  for- 
tifications, spared  probably  on  account  of  its  being 
used  for  this  purpose."  In  fact,  it  is  merely  a 
part  of  the  innermost  of  three  ramparts,  chiefly  of 
earth,  that  defended  the  entrance  to  the  fort,  and 
bears  no  resemblance  either  in  structure  or  ap- 
pearance to  a  "  little  tower  "  (2nd  S.  ix.  106.)  The 
"  circular  heap  of  stones,"  or  their  modern  sub- 
stitute, the  "  small  round  column,"  might  be  so 
denominated  with  some  propriety ;  but  it  is  in- 
variably to  the  mound  of  earth  and  stones  that 
the  term  is  applied.  As  compared  with  the  whole 
extent  of  the  promontory,  the  "  durie"  may  cer- 
tainly be  said  to  be  "  near  the  point"  :  still,  it  is  at 
some  distance  from  the  actual  extremity.  These 
explanations  are  due  to  your  correspondent,  who 
has  been  led  to  suggest  turris  as  its  origin. 

I  am  not  aware  that  the  two  words  requiring 
elucidation  are  ever  used  in  such  a  relation  to 
each  other  as  their  derivation  from  Janus  (Thor) 
Claviger  (2nd  S.  ix.  169.)  would  necessarily  imply. 
The  one  simply  denotes  the  blazing  barrel  carried 
in  procession  through  Burghead  on  the  last  day 
of  the  year,  and  the  other  the  spot  where  it 
is  finally  deposited ;  otherwise,  they  are  per- 
fectly distinct.  I  may  also  venture  to  hint  that  it 
is  by  no  means  certain  that  a  single  Roman  ever 
saw  Burghead,  except  perhaps  from  the  decks  of 
Agricola's  fleet ;  far  less  that  that  people  have  left 
there  any  traces  of  their  language  and  customs. 
In  introducing  the  subject,  I  thought  it  right  to 
state  shortly  the  various  opinions  that  have  been 
brought  forward  regarding  its  fortifications ;  but 
it  might  also  have  been  added,  that  by  many  who 
have  made  early  Scottish  history  their  study 
doubts  are  entertained  regarding  the  correctness 
of  much  of  what  has  been  written  on  the  Romans 
in  North  Britain  by  Ray,  Chalmers,  and  others. 


So  far  as  is  now  known,  not  a  single  vestige  of 
anything  indubitably  Roman  has  ever  been  dis- 
covered at  Burghead.  The  fortifications  and  the 
well  have,  it  is  true,  been  both  claimed  as  such, 
but  scarcely  one  of  those  whose  names  give  weight 
to  what  they  have  written  speak  from  personal  ob- 
servation. In  my  former  communication  I  noticed 
the  way  in  which  the  latter  had  been  made  "  a 
double  debt  to  pay,"  by  so  respectable  an  autho- 
rity as  Stuart.  The  description  of  it  furnished 
to  Pinkerton,  to  which  reference  was  at  the  same 
time  made,  is,  I  now  find,  both  meagre  and  calcu- 
lated to  mislead ;  yet  it  was  solely  in  consequence 
of  the  existence  of  "this  singular  reservoir"  that 
he  was  induced,  after  writing  very  doubtingly  re- 
garding the  progress  of  the  Roman  arms  in  Cale- 
donia, to  admit  in  the  "  Advertisement"  the  pro- 
bability of  their  having  been  pushed  as  far  as  the 
Moray  Frith.  The  tone  of  triumph  in  which  the 
learned  and  indefatigable  Chalmers  (Preface,  p. 
viii.)  points  to  the  discovery,  "  since  Caledonia 
was  sent  to  press,"  of  this  "  Roman  bath,"  as  re- 
moving "a  very  slight  doubt  which  remained 
whether  the  Burgh-head  of  Moray  had  been  a 
Roman  station,"  is  highly  excusable  after  his 
elaborate  Commentary  on  the  Itinera  of  Richard. 
The  excavation,  however,  is  nothing  but  a  well, 
roughly  and  unsymmetrically  hewn  out  of  the 
sandstone  rock,  and  apparently  very  unlike  the 
handiwork  of  the  "  masters  of  the  world."  The 
inference  sought  to  be  drawn  from  the  fortifica- 
tions seems  equally  open  to  suspicion.  On  a 
recent  visit  to  the  village  I  found  that  a  complete 
section  of  the  remains,  still  considerable,  of  the 
north  bulwark  of  the  fort  had  been  lately  exposed 
by  quarrying  operations.  The  appearances  it  pre- 
sents are  somewhat  difficult  to  explain,  and  in 
skilful  hands  might  be  made  to  reveal  a  lost  page 
in  the  history  of  the  stronghold  ;  but  they  are,  at 
all  events  it  appears  to  me,  totally  irreconcilable 
with  the  supposition  that  any  portion  of  the  work 
was  constructed  by  the  Romans.  The  historical 
evidence  in  favour  of  a  Roman  occupation  is  as 
unsatisfactory  as  the  archaeological.  The  lati- 
tudes and  longitudes  of  Ptolemy,  the  only  classi- 
cal writer  by  whom  mention  is  made  of  any  portion 
of  the  Scottish  mainland  north  of  the  Tay,  with 
the  solitary  exception  of  'Op/cas  &itpov  (Dunnet 
Head)  noted  by  Diodorus  Siculus,  are  quite  in- 
sufficient  for  fixing  the  exact  localities  of  the 
names  in  his  tables,  especially  those  of  towns  ;  and 
could  this  be  successfully  done,  it  is  at  best  but 
an  assumption  to  set  them  down  as  Roman  stations. 
Regarding  Hrepourbv  arparoir^ov  (The  Winged 
Camp),  which  some  would  identify  with  Burg- 
head, we  merely  learn  that  it  was  a  town  of  the 
OvaKopdyoi  (Vacomagi),  situated,  according  to  the 
common  readings  of  his  degrees,  at  some  distance 
inland  from  the  Obdpap  tfcrxya-is  (the  Estuary  of  the 
Varar). 


270 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


[2n*  S.  IX.  APRIL  7.  '60. 


The  genuineness  of  the  De  Situ  Britannia;  has 
been  so  often  questioned,  particularly  by  the 
more  recent  writers  on  the  Roman  geography  of 
Britain,  that,  till  the  matter  is  put  beyond  dis" 
pute,  if  that  be  possible,  it  were  contrary  to  every 
canon  of  historical  investigation  to  admit  it  as 
decisive  evidence  in  favour  of  an  opinion  that,  but 
for  its  supposed  authority,  would  in  all  probability 
never  have  been  broached..  And,  as  Dr.  Daniel 
Wilson  has  justly  remarked,  even  were  its  genu- 
ineness established,  its  value  to  northern  anti- 
quaries must  still  be  an  open  question. 

I  may  embrace  this  opportunity  to  correct  a 
mistatement  in  my  former  notice  of  Burghead, 
which  I  was  led  to  make  by  want  of  access  to 
Torfaeus  in  the  original.  In  stating  (2nd  S.  ix.  38.) 
that  "  it  is  certainty  the  burgh  or  fort  of  Moray, 
said  by  Torfaeus  (Orcades)  to  have  been  built 
(circa  A.D.  850)  by  Sigurd,  a  Norwegian  chief .  .  . 
and  which  is  elsewhere  mentioned  by  him  as  a 
Norwegian  stronghold  under  the  name  of  Eccials- 
bacca,"  I  presumed  upon  the  correctness  of  what 
purports  to  be  a  translation  of  those  portions  of 
the  Orcades  that  relate  to  the  transactions  of  the 
Northmen  on  the  mainland  of  Scotland,  given  by 
Cordiner  as  an  Appendix  to  his  Antiquities  and 
Scenery  of  the  North  of  Scotland  (London,  1780). 
A  friend  having  kindly  sent  me  extracts  of  those 
passages  in  which  Torfaeus  refers  to  the  so-called 
fort  and  to  Eccialsbacca,  I  now  find  that  they 
will  by  no  means  bear  the  construction  which 
Cordiner  has  put  upon  them.  He  says  :  — 

"  Tanta  potentia,  dignitate,  opulentiS,,  auctus  Sigurdus, 
cum  Thorsteino  Rufo  societate  inita,  fines  regni,  ultra 
limitem  insularum,  quern  Oceanus  prsescripsit,  longe  pro- 
tulit:  nam  Cathanesiam  et  Sudurlandum,  usque  ter- 
minum  Ecldaldsbackam  dictum,  Scotia?  provincias,  in 
ditionem  simul  conjunctis  viribus  redegerunt.  Codex  Fla- 
teyensis  universam  Catanesiam  magnamque  Scotiaa  par- 
tern,  Rossiam  et  Moraviam  subactam,  oppidumque  ab 
eo  in  austral!  Moravia  exstructum,  nomine  omisso  me- 
morat." —  Orcades,  lib.  i.  cap.  iv.  p.  12. 

Again  :  — 

"...  ad  Dufeyras  (Banff,  probably,)  oppidum  Scotia? 
navigat  inde  circa  Moraviam  ad  Eckialdsbackam,  exinde 
ad  Atjoklas  ad  Comitem  Maddadum  profectus." — Orcades, 
lib.  i.  cap.  xxvi.  p.  113. 

The  town  built  by  Sigurd  was  thus  situated  in 
the  south  part  of  Moray,  and  cannot  have  been 
Burghead ;  and  Eckialdsbacka  was  distinct  from 
either.  Mr.  J.  J.  A.  Worsaae,  whose  decision 
will  scarcely  be  disputed,  remarks  :  — 

"  Sigurd,  the  first  conqueror  of  Sutherland,  is  said  to 
have  extended  his  dominion  as  far  as  Ekkjalsbakke.  As 
bakki,  in  the  ancient  language,  signifies  the  bank  of  a 
river,  there  cannot  be  the  least  doubt  that  Ekkjal  is  the 
river  Oykill,  which  still  forms  the  southern  boundary  of 
Sutherland."  —  Account  of  the  Danes  and  Norwegians  in 
England,  Scotland,  and  Ireland,  p.  260. 

This  correction  must  not,  however,  be  held  as 
invalidating  the  opinion  that  Burghead  was  at  one 
time  in  possession  of  the  Northmen.  It  appears 


that  having  in  the  beginning  of  the  eleventh  cen- 
tury defeated  the  Scots  in  a  great  battle  fought 
near  Kinloss,  the  Danes  took  the  towns  of  Elgin 
and  Nairn  (Buchanan  says  Forres),  putting  the 
garrisons  to  the  sword,  and  settled  themselves 
along  the  coast.  Soon  after,  they  were  in  their 
turn  overthrown  at  Mortlach,  in  Banffshire,  by 
Malcolm  II.,  and  obliged  to  relinquish  most  of 
their  newly-acquired  possessions  in  Moray  ;  re- 
taining, however,  Burghead,  which  they  had  greatly 
strengthened.  But  in  the  year  1012,  Cnute 
(Canute),  afterwards  King  of  England,  who  had 
been  sent  by  his  father,  Svend  (Sweyn),  with 
a  large  fleet  and  army  to  retrieve  past  disasters, 
being  vanquished  by  the  Scots  at  Cruden,  on  the 
coast  of  Buchan,  where  he  had  landed,  a  treaty 
was  concluded,  according  to  which  the  invaders 
agreed  to  abandon  all  former  conquests,  and  to  eva- 
cuate Burghead,  which  was  thus  the  last  stronghold 
they  held  in  the  Lowlands  of  Scotland.  (Account 
of  the  Danes,  Sfc.,  pp.  214—217.) 

At  p.  83.  of  the  work  to  which  I  have  just  re- 
ferred, and  which  I  regret  I  had  not  an  oppor- 
tunity of  consulting  till  after  my  first  Note  was 
written,  the  following  passage  occurs  :  — 

"  Yule,  or  the  mid-winter  feast,  was  in  the  olden  times, 
as  it  still  partly  is,  the  greatest  festival  in  the  countries 
of  Scandinavia.  Yule  bonfires  were  kindled  round  about 
as  festival  fires  to  scare  witches  and  wizards  .  .  .  and  the 
descendants  of  the  Northmen  in  Yorkshire  and  the  an- 
cient Northumberland,  do  not  even  now  neglect  to  place 
a  large  piece  of  wood  on  the  fire  at  Christmas  Eve.  Su- 
perstitious persons  do  not,  however,  allow  the  whole  to 
be  consumed,  but  take  it  out  of  the  fire  again  in  order  to 
preserve  it  until  the  following  year." 

One  cannot  read  this  without  being  reminded 
of  the  embers  of  the  "  Clavie,"  "  carried  home  and 
carefully  preserved  as  charms  against  witchcraft" 
(2nd  S.  ix.  39.)  ;  but  the  Burghead  ceremony  has 
still  peculiarities  which  render  it  worthy  -of  spe- 
cial attention.  In  the  Introduction  to  the  Sixth 
Canto  of  Marmion,  Sir  Walter  Scott  alludes  to 
the  dances  of  the  Vikings  round  their  Christmas 
fires :  — 

"  Even,  heathen  yet,  the  savage  Dane 

At  lol  more  deep  the  mead  did  drain ; 

High  on  the  beach  his  galleys  drew, 

And  feasted  all  his  pirate  crew ; 

Then  forth,  in  frenzy,  could  they  hie, 
While  wildly-loose  their  red  locks  fly, 
And  dancing  round  the  blazing  pile, 
They  make  such  barbarous  mirth  the  while, 
As  best  might  to  the  mind  recall 
The  boisterous  joys  of  Odin's  hall." 

But  enough,  I  think,  has  already  appeared  in 
"  N.  &  Q."  to  establish  the  Scandinavian  origin  of 
the  "  Clavie"  :  whether  either  of  your  correspon- 
dents (2nd  S.  ix.  106.  169.)  has  hit  upon  its  ety- 
mology, or  that  of  "  Durie,"  I  shall  not  presume 
to  decide.  JAMES  MACDONALD, 

Elgin. 


2nd  S.  IX.  APRIL  7.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


271 


BISHOP  HOBSLEY'S  SERMONS  (2nd  S.  ix.  197.)  — 
Your  correspondent  ALFRED  T.  LEE  must  have 
been  misinformed  respecting  "the  two  Sermons 
on  the  Syrophcenician  woman."  They  were  pub- 
lished in  1812  in  the  third  volume  of  the  Bishop's 
Sermons,  edited  by  his  son  the  Rev.  Heneage 
Horsley,  then  residing  at  Dundee.  In  the  "Ad- 
vertisement" prefixed  he  distinctly  ascribes  them 
all  to  his  father,  and  they  bear  internal  evidence 
of  the  bishop's  authorship.  I  heard  him  preach 
both  of  them  in  the  parish  church  of  Bromley  in 
Kent.  My  first  visit  in  that  neighbourhood  was 
in  the  autumn  of  1797;  the  bishop  was  translated 
to  St.  Asaph  in  1802.  It  must,  therefore,  have 
been  in  one  of  my  visits  between  those  two  periods 
that  I  heard  them  preached.  EDW.  HAWKINS. 

In  answer  to  your  correspondent's  Query  re- 
garding the  descendants  of  Bishop  Horsley,  the 
George  Horsley  mentioned  is  the  son  of  the 
bishop's  half-brother  George  Zachary  Horsley. 
Bishop  Horsley's  only  child  was  the  late  Heneage 
Horsley,  Dean  of  Dundee,  by  whom  all  the  edi- 
tions of  the  bishop's  works  were  prepared  for  pub- 
lication. Any  mistake  in  the  MSS.  is,  therefore, 
extremely  improbable.  M.  C.  H. 

JESUIT  EPIGRAM  (2nd  S.  ix.  161.)— .In  the 
Sutherland  "Clarendon,"  in  the  Bodleian  Library, 
torn.  iii.  pt.  in.  p.  198.,  is  an  engraving  of  the  de- 
capitation of  Charles  L;  the  head  is  falling  off: 
on  which  some  Jesuit  at  the  time  wrote  the  fol- 
lowing epigram :  — 

"  Projicis  in  ventum  caput,  Angla  Ecclesia !  caesura 
Si  caput  est,  salvum  corpus  an  esse  potest  ?  " 

See  Evelyn's  Memoirs,  vol.  ii.  p.  98.  sqq.  4to.     E. 

KING  DAVID'S  MOTHER  (1st  S.  viii.  539.,  ix.  42. ; 
2nd  S.  ix.  82.)  —  The  words  of  Jerome  (on  2 
Kings  [Samuel]  xvii.  25.),  where  Abigail  is  called 
the  daughter  of  Nahash,  are  "  Est  etiam  Naas,  qui 
et  Isai  pater  David,  sicut  in  Paralipomenon  de- 
monstratur,  ubi  enumeratis  filiis  Isai,  legitur 
quorum  sorores  fuerunt  Saruice  et  Abigail"  The 
only  authority,  therefore,  on  which  Jerome  relies 
for  the  identity  of  Nahash  and  Jesse  is  the  pas- 
sage (1  Chron.  ii.  13.  16.)  where  Abigail  is  stated 
to  be  the  daughter  of  Jesse.  And  as  he  furnishes 
no  evidence,  from  tradition  or  otherwise,  that 
Jesse  had  two  names,  we  may  infer  with  Tremel- 
lius  and  Junius,  that  Nahash  was  the  mother  of 
Abigail.  The  facts  stated  in  Scripture  are  that 
Abigail  was  David's  sister  and  Jesse's  daughter 
(1  Chron.  ii.  13.  15,  16.),  and  she  was  also  the 
daughter  of  Nahash  (2  Sam.  xvii.  25.).  Further, 
the  number  of  Jesse's  children  being  not  more 
than  eight  sons  (1  Sam.  xvi.  10, 11.,  xvii.  12—14.) 
and  two  daughters,  when  Samuel  passed  the  sons 
in  review  for  the  selection  of  one  of  them  for  king, 
we  may  reasonably  infer  that  Jesse  had  only  one 
wife,  and  that  wife  was  Nahash,  consequently 


David's  mother.  This  inference  is  preferable  to 
that  of  Jesse  being  also  named  Nahash.  Kenni- 
cott,  in  his  instructions  to  Bruns  for  collating 
Hebrew  MSS.  of  the  Old  Testament,  directed 
special  attention  to  the  word  Nahash  (2  Sam.  xvii. 
25.)  supposing  that  some  copies  might  read  Jesse 
in  the  place  of  Nahash,  but  no  such  reading  could 
be  found  (Eichhorn's  Eepert.  xiii.  221.).  I  cannot 
discover  in  the  Talmud  or  Koran  any  allusion  to 
David's  mother.  T.  J.  BUCK/TON. 

Lichfield. 

SPIRITING  AWAY  (2nd  S.  ix.  96.)  —  This  prac- 
tice appears  to  have  prevailed  even  after  the  act 
for  its  suppression  was  passed.  The  Beauties  of 
England  (Oxon.  p.  300.)  quotes  an  anecdote  on 
the  subject,  to  illustrate  the  integrity  and  good 
talents  of  Sir  John  Holt  as  Lord  Chief  Justice  of 
the  Court  of  King's  Bench,  to  which  he  was  ap- 
pointed in  the  first  year  of  William  III. :  — 

"  There  happened  in  his  time  a  riot  occasioned  by  the 
practice  of  decoying  young  persons  to  the  plantations, 
who  were  confined  at  a  house  in  Holborn  [Query,  which, 
and  to  whom  did  it  belong?]  till  they  could  be  shipped 
off.  Notice  of  the  riot  being  sent  to  Whitehall,  a  party 
of  military  were  ordered  out,  but  before  they  marched 
an  officer  was  sent  to  the  Chief  Justice  to  desire  him  to 
send  some  of  his  people  with  the  soldiers.  Holt  asked 
the  officer  what  he  intended  to  do  if  the  mob  refused  to 
disperse  ?  *  My  Lord  (replied  he)  we  have  orders  to  fire 
on  them.'  'Have  you  so?  (said  Holt;)  then  observe 
what  I  say :  if  one  man  is  killed  I  will  take  care  that  you 
and  every  soldier  of  your  party  shall  be  hanged.  Sir,  ac- 
quaint those  who  sent  you,  that  no  officer  of  mine  shall 
attend  soldiers;  and  let  them  know  likewise,  that  the 
laws  of  this  land  are  not  to  be  executed  by  the  sword. 
These  things  belong  to  the  civil  power,  and  you  have  no- 
thing to  do  with  them.'  So  saying  he  dismissed  the 
officer,  proceeded  to  the  spot  with  his  tipstaves,  and  pre- 
vailed on  the  populace  to  disperse,  on  a  promise  that 
justice  should  Be  done,  and  the  abuse  remedied." 

S.  M.  S. 

MOTTOES  OF  REGIMENTS  (2nd  S.  ix.  221.)  — 
"Nee  aspera  terrent"  is  the  motto  of  that  noble 
regiment  the  3rd  (or  King's  own)  Light  Dra- 
goons. They  have,  or  had,  it  upon  everything ; 
standards,  plate,  table-linen ;  even  upon  the  wine 
decanters;  and  I  well  remember,  many  years  ago, 
dining  at  their  mess,  where  an  ancient  gentleman, 
a  guest,  asked  Captain  Gubbins  (a  noble  fellow, 
killed  shortly  after  at  Waterloo,  in  the  13th  Dra- 
goons) very  gravely,  "  Pray,  Capt.  G.,  what  means 
this  motto  on  your  glass  ?  "  "  It  means,  Sir,"  said 
Gubbins,  with  equal  gravity,  "  Never  mind  how 
rough  the  port  is."  This  was  before  the  mess- 
days  of  champagne  and  claret,  which,  amongst 
other  regimental  follies,  have  created  a  scarcity 
of  cornets.  <£. 

SOUTH  SEA  HOUSE  AND  THE  EXCISE  OFFICE 
(2nd  S.  vi.  326.) — No  satisfactory  reply  has  as  yet 
appeared  to  my  Query,  Who  were  the  architects 
of  these  buildings  ?  I  have  the  pleasure  of  stating, 
however,  that  a  gentleman  connected  with  the 


272 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  APRIL  7.  '60. 


latter  named  building  has  very  kindly  searched 
the  books  in  the  office,  and  was  enabled  to  in- 
form me  that  the  Excise  Office,  Old  Broad  Street, 
was  designed  by  William  Robinson.  This  con- 
firms the  memorandum  I  mentioned  as  having 
been  found  amongst  rny  father's  papers.  This 
W.  Robinson,  no  doubt,  at  that  time  held  an  ap- 
pointment in  the  Board  of  Works.  While  lately 
looking  into  the  "  Crowle  Pennant "  in  the  Print 
Room  of  the  British  Museum,  I  found  a  print  of 
the  building,  with  "  W.  Robinson,  Archt.,"  and 
"  Engraved  by  J.  Robinson,"  upon  it,  which  is 
corroborative  evidence.  Of  the  South  Sea  House, 
I  have  not  obtained  any  information  as  to  its 
architect.  WTATT  PAPWORTH,  Archt. 

LONDON  RIOTS,  1780  (2nd  S.  ix.  198.  250.)— In 
reply  to  your  correspondent  MORIGERUS,  allow 
me  to  subjoin  a  list  of  the  militia  regiments  aggre- 
gated in  the  metropolis  on  the  occasion  of  the 
above  tumults :  — 

Regiments.  Commanded  by. 

Cambridge       -  '-  Lieut.-Col.  Commandant,  Thomas 

Watson  Ward. 

North  Hampshire  -  Hans  Sloane,  M.P.,  F.R.S. 

South  Hampshire  -  Sir  Rich.  Worsle}',  Bart.,  M.P. 

Hertfordshire  -  -  James  Viscount  Cranbourne,  M.P. 

Northampton  »  -  Henry,  Earl  of  Sussex. 

Northumberland  -  Lord  Algernon  Percy,  M.P. 

Oxford   -  Lord  Chas.  Spencer;  M.P. 

Warwick         -  -  Francis  Viscount  Beauchamp,  M.P. 

1st  West  York  -  Sir  George  Savile,  Bart.,  M.P. 

North  York    -  -  Sir  Ralph  Milbanke,  Bart.,  M.P. 

The  above  were  summoned  up  in  aid  of  the 
regular  forces,  which  were : 

The  Horse  Guards. 

The  Horse  Grenadier  Guards.. 

The  three  Regiments  of  Foot  Guards. 

3rd  (King's  Own)  Dragoons. 

4th  (Queen's  Own)  Dragoons. 

7th  Light  Dragoons. 

16th  Light  Dragoons. 

2nd  Regiment  of  Foot. 

18th  Regiment  of  Foot. 

22nd  Regiment  of  Foot. 

The  militia  regiments,  with  the  exception  of  the 
Warwick  and  1st  West  York,  were  encamped  in 
Hyde  and  St.  James's  Parks.  The  Warwick  were 
stationed  in  Southwark,  and  the  1st  West  York 
were  in  camp  in  the  gardens  of  the  British 
Museum. 

It  is  curious  to  contrast  the  little  preparation 
existent  at  that  period,  for  encountering  both  our 
foreign  and  domestic  enemies,  with  that  which 
prevails  at  the  present  moment.  We  then  num- 
bered, successively,  eighty-four  regiments  of  foot, 
which  were  thus  distributed  :  — - 

In  America      -------43 

In  Great  Britain 17 

In  Ireland        _._..-        -14 
At  Gibraltar,  the  West  Indies,  Minorca,  &c.      -    10 

The  effective  strength  of  each  of  these  regi- 
ments was  designated  at — those  on  foreign  ser- 


vice at  804  ;  those  serving  in  Great  Britain  at  670; 
and  those  in  the  Irish  establishment  at  474.  But 
when  we  consider  the  nature  of  their  services  and 
various  circumstances  considerable  subtractions 
must  be  made  in  many  instances  from  these  num- 
bers. The  militia  was  then  most  advantageously 
constituted,  upon  the  plan  enacted  at  the  com- 
mencement of  the  reign  of  George  III. ;  and  the 
men  being  balloted  for,  all  deficiencies  of  com- 
plement were  immediately  replaced  by  fresh  re- 
cruits. The  system  of  qualification  by  freehold 
property  in  the  respective  counties  being  required 
of  the  field  officers  and  captains  (the  last  to  the 
value  of  200/.  per  annum),  made  the  service  very 
popular,  and  much  desired  by  persons  of  rank  and 
influence  in  the  different  counties.  <I». 

The  newspapers  of  June,  1780,  mention  the 
following  regiments  of  militia  as  being  quartered 
in  Hyde  Park  on  the  above  occasion  :  — 

Cambridge.  Oxford. 

Southwark.  Northumberland. 

North  Hants.  And  one  of  York. 

The  Warwickshire  also  arrived  in  London  from 
Plymouth.  GILBERT. 

MEDAL  or  JAMES  III.  (2nd  S.  ix.  144.)  — I  am 
glad  to  be  able  to  give  some  information  upon 
the  occasion  on  which  this  and  other  medals  were 
struck.  It  is  worthy  of  remark  that  on  one 
medal  the  sails  are  filled  with  a  fair  wind,  and  the 
other  with  an  adverse  wind. 

No.  1.  A  ship  with  sails  set,  and  a  fair  wind. 
Legend,  "  JAC.  3.  D.  G.  M.  B.  F.  ET.  H.  REX."  Rev. 
St,  Michael  and  the  dragon.  Legend,  "  SOLI  .  DEO  . 

GLORIA." 

No.  2.  A  ship  with  sails  set,  and  the  wind  ad- 
verse. Legend,  "  IAC.  m.  D.  G.  M.  B.  F.  ET.  H.  R." 
The  reverse  the  same  as  No.  1. 

Nos.  1.  and  2.  were  struck  to  present  to  such 
persons  as  came  to  the  nominal  king  to  be  cured 
of  scrofulous  affections  by  his  touch, 

W.  D.  HAGGARD. 

NAVAL  BALLAD  (2nd  S.  ix.  80.)  —  The  ballad 
of  which  MR.  PEACOCK  gives  a  fragment  was  most 
probably  never  in  print  at  all ;  and  as  it  refers  to 
the  exploits  of  the  "  Kent "  Capt.  Thomas  Ma- 
thews  (not  Sir  Thomas)  in  the  action  fought  by 
Sir  George  Byng  with  a  Spanish  fleet  of  superior 
force  off  Messina  in  the  year  1718,  it  is  probably 
forgotten  by  the  present  race  of  old  sailors.  There 
may,  however,  be  found  some  veteran  in  Green- 
wich Hospital,  or  elsewhere,  who  can  remember 
to  have  heard  it  in  his  youth,  and  who  may  be 
able  to  supply  what  is  lacking  ;  but,  judging  from 
the  fragment  quoted,  it  would  hardly  be  worth 
the  trouble.  By  far  the  greater  number  of  songs 
which  in  my  younger  days  were  popular  with 
seamen  owed  their  origin  to  some  forecastle 
laureate,  and  never  existed  in  print.  It  is  quite 
a  mistake  to  suppose,  as  many  persons  do,  that 


*  S.  IX.  APRIL  7.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


273 


the  so-called  sea  songs  of  Dibdin  were  ever 
generally  accepted  by  sailors;  they  abound  too 
much  with  nautical  blunders  and  absurdities. 
The  popular  ditties  in  my  time  were  about  as 
rude  as  the  specimen  given  by  MR.  PEACOCK,  and 
generally  celebrated  the  adventures  or  exploits  of 
a  favourite  vessel  or  hero,  who  otherwise  probably 
would  not  have  found  a  "  sacred  poet."  An 
ordinary  writer  of  songs  or  ballads  would,  in  the 
case  before  us,  have  most  likely  sung  the  glorious 
victory  gained  by  the  fleet,  and  have  taken  the 
admiral  commanding  for  his  hero ;  but  the  crew 
of  the  "  Kent "  had  good  reason  to  be  proud  of 
the  share  which  their  ship  took  in  the  action  ; 
she  was  the  fastest  sailer,  and  ran  through  the 
thick  of  the  enemy's  fleet,  of  which  two  ships,  the 
"  St.  Philip,"  74  guns,  and  the  "  St.  Carlos,"  60 
guns,  struck  to  her  alone..  And  I  have  no  doubt 
that  one  of  her  crew  composed  the  song  in  ques- 
tion in  honour  of  her  and  of  her  gallant  captain. 
It  was  on  the  occasion  of  this  action  that  the  most 
laconic  dispatch  on  record,  next  to  the  famous 
"  veni,  vidi,  vici,"  was  received  by  Sir  G.  Byng 
from  Captain  Walton,  whom  he  had  detached 
from  his  main  body  with  six  ships  to  cut  off  a 
Spanish  squadron  which  had  tacked  in  shore  to 
escape  from  him :  — 

"  Sir,— We  have  taken  or  destroj'ed  all  the  Spanish 
vessels  which  were  upon  the  coast,  number  and  descrip- 
tion as  per  margin. 

"  I  am,  &c. 

«  G.  WALTON." 

These  ships  "  as  per  margin,"  comprised  three 
line-of-battle-ships,  five  frigates,  three  bomb  ves- 
sels, and  a  store  ship  !  S.  H.  M. 
Hodnet. 

PETSDE  RELIGIEUSES  (2nd  S.  ix.  90. 187.)— This 
ridiculous  name  is  not  peculiar  to  the  French. 
The  Germans  have  their  JS'onnen-fiirze^  but  made 
differently  from  the  articles  described  by  F.  A. 
CARRINGTON,  which,  however,  are  still  served  at 
some  tables.  They  are  equally  made  of  thin 
batter,  but  it  is  dropped  into  the  frying-pan 
through  a  funnel,  and  made  in  long  light  strips, 
crossing  over  one  another,  and  forming  a  very 
palatable  dish,  which  has  often  been  partaken  of 
by  F.  C.  H. 

CHALKING  THE  DOORS   (2nd  S.   ix.  112.)— A 

curious  instance  of  this  custom  is  recorded  in  the 
Spiritual  Quixote,  where  the  Jacobite  Barber  takes 
Jerry  Tugwell 

"  Into  a  long  Gallery  which  led  to  the  principal  Bed- 
chambers, on  the  doors  of  which  the  Quartermaster  with 
chalk  (and  afterwards  traced  over  with  white  lead  by 
way  of  curiosity)  the  names  of  the  Prince,  Lord  Ogilvy, 
trfigo,  and  other  Rebel  Chiefs  who,  in  their  way  to 
!rl)y,  having  halted  one  night  in  Ashbourne,  had  been 
quartered  in  this  Gentleman's  house."— Vol.  iii.  p.  90. 

W.  H.  LAMMIN. 

Fulham. 


EARTHQUAKES  IN  THE  UNITED  KINGDOM  (2nd  S. 
ix.  142.) — According  to  the  Europische  Mercu- 
rius  for  the  months  of  October,  November,  and 
December  of  the  year  1690,  the  common  of 
Strathleford  *,  in  consequence  of  an  earthquake, 
was  crushed  by  the  fall  of  a  mountain.  This 
happened  in  November  of  the  said  year.  Sixteen 
persons  were  reported  missing  ;  one  had  lost  his 
wits  ;  a  number  of  cattle  and  horses  were  killed ; 
and  the  locality  where  the  mountain  had  stood 
was  changed  into  a  pool  three  miles  in  circum- 
ference. J.  H.  VAN  LENNEP. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht,  Feb.  28, 1860. 

DR.  DRYASDUST  will  find  an  account  of  some  of 
these  phenomena  in  a  small  volume  by  Doolittle, 
Earthquakes  Explained  and  Improved,  occasioned 
by  the  late  Earthquake,  Sept,  8,  1692,  in  London, 
1703.  It  also  contains  an  account  of  an  earth- 
quake April  6,  1580,  with  prayers  on  the  subject, 
and  especially  that  of  1692.  G.  OFFOR. 

"  HIGH  LIFE  BELOW  STAIRS"  (2nd  S.  ix.  142.)  — 
The  last  edition  of  the  Biographia  Dramatica 
(1812),  which  MR.  WYLIE  does  not  seem  to  have 
consulted,  attributes  this  farce  to  Townley,  with 
the  following  remarks  :  — 

"  This  piece  has  been  often  ascribed  to  Mr.  Garrick ; 
but,  as  we  now  know,  without  foundation.  Mr.  Dibdin, 
who  professes  some  particular  knowledge  as  to  this  sub- 
ject, says  that  Dr.  Hoadly  had  a  hand  in  it ;  and  there 
were  other  persons  who  were  in  the  secret,  but  who  con- 
ceived the  subject  to  be  rather  ticklish. 

"  We  believe  that  we  have  now,  however,  duly  assigned 
the  authorship  of  this  piece  absolutely  to  Mr.  Townley ; 
of  which  fact  the  late  Mr.  Murphy  became  satisfied  before 
his  death,  from  the  testimonials  of  James  Townley,  Esq., 
of  Ramsgate  and  Doctors'  Commons,  the  author's  son ; 
and  it  was  Mr.  M.'s  intention  to  have  corrected  the  fact, 
in  a  second  edition  of  his  Life  of  Garrick." 

Possibly  some  of  your  correspondents  may  be 
able  to  afford  information  as  to  the  nature  of  the 
testimony  given  by  Mr.  Townley,  jun.,  in  support 
of  his  father's  claim.  W.  H.  HUSK. 

DOMINUS    REGNAVIT    A    LIGNO    (2nd    S.  viti.    470- 

516. ;  ix.  127.)  —  Perhaps  it  may  be  pertinent  to 
note  how  this  text  stands  in  Cardinal  Mai's  lately 
published  splendid  edition  of  the  Vatican  Codex, 
'O  Kvpios  €§a(r(\€V(rev'  Kal  yap  KardopOcaffe  ri)V  ot/cou/ue- 
vt\v.  This  slightly  differs  from  the  present  text 
of  the  Septuagint  by  retaining  the  v  in  teeuritewrw 
before  a  consonant.  Considering  this  difference, 
is  it  not  an  indication  that  a  vowel  originally  fol- 
lowed it  ?  This,  of  course,  would  be  cbrb  rov  £v\ov. 
In  fine,  St.  Justin's  accusation  is,  I  think,  conclu- 
sive evidence  that  this  originally  formed  part  of 
the  text ;  and,  if  so,  it  must  have  been  a  very 
common  Latin  text,  until  the  translation  of  the 
Hebrew  Scriptures  by  St.  Jerome ;  for  although 
the  Itala  was  the  prevailing  version,  yet  in  fact,  as 


Sutherland. 


274 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  APRIL  7.  !60. 


Lamy  observes,  Latin  versions  were  then  "  in- 
numerable." I  think  it  is  highly  probable  that 
the  very  ancient  copy  of  the  Greek  Scriptures 
lately  discovered  by  Tischendorf  contains  this 
clause. 

By  the  way,  I  have  not  yet  seen  in  "  IN".  &  Q." 
any  reference  to  this  most  interesting  and  im- 
portant addition  to  Biblical  treasures — the  result 
of  Prof.  Tischendorf's  researches  in  the  East,  in 
virtue  of  a  commission  from  the  Emperor  of 
Russia.  This  learned  Professor  has  succeeded  in 
finding  a  great  number  of  MSS.  of  very  high  an- 
tiquity; but  foremost  stands  the  priceless  treasure 
to  which  I  have  alluded  —  a  perfect  copy  of  the 
Greek  Scriptures,  both  Old  and  New  Testaments, 
which  Tischendorf  pronounces  to  be  as  old  as  the 
beginning  of  the  fourth  century,  and  therefore 
synchronous  with  the  first  general  council  of 
Nicaea.  He  found  it  in  a  monastery 'on  Mount 
Sinai.  As  some  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  have 
probably  communications  with  St.  Petersburg,  it 
would  be  conferring  a  benefit  on  Biblical  science, 
and  a  pleasure  on  many  of  your  readers,  if  they 
could  obtain  from  their  correspondents,  and  trans- 
fer to  your  pages,  any  information  on  this  and 
other  passages  that  have  given  rise  to  Biblical 
controversy.  Among  the  rest,  it  would  be  very 
interesting  to  know  if  the  celebrated  text  of  the 
Three  Witnesses  (1  John  v.  7.)  is  to  be  found  in 
the  newly-discovered  Codex.  JOHN  WILLIAMS. 

Arno's  Court. 

COCKADE  (2nd  S.  vii.  304.  421.)— There  are 
two  questions  in  connexion  with  this  subject  upon 
which  I  should  be  glad  to  elicit  some  farther  in- 
formation. 

1.  Whether  peers  of  the  realm  have  any  right 
to  the  use  of  the  cockade  in  virtue  of  their  pa- 
tents ? 

2.  Whether  the  widows  of  deputy-lieutenants, 
or  of  officers  of  either  service,  are  entitled  to  the 
cockade  equally  with  the  livery  and  armorial  bear- 
ings of  their  deceased  husbands  ?  G.  B. 

In  a  letter  to  me,  dated  6th  March,  1860,  Sir  J. 
Bernard  Burke  (Ulster),  author  of  the  Peerage, 
&c.  &c.,  says,  "  I  have  no  hesitation  in  saying  that 
commissioned  officers  of  volunteer  corps  are  en- 
titled to  the  privilege  of  having  cockades  in  their 
servants'  hats."  This  may  probably  settle  the 
question  discussed  several  times  of  late  in  "  N.  & 
Q."  As  respects  woncomrnissioned  officers  and 
privates,  there  can  be  no  question  that  they  are 
not  entitled  to  the  privilege.  W.  H. 

BOCASE  TREE  (2nd  S.  viii.  498.)  — In  the  re- 
marks made  upon  my  Query  about  the  meaning  of 
the  name  Bocase,  as  applied  to  a  stone  now  stand- 
ing, and  a  tree  that  once  stood,  in  Brigstock 
Forest,  Northamptonshire,  a  quotation  is  intro- 
duced from  Cox's  Magna  Britannia,  referring  to 
a  tree  in  the  same  forest  called  "  King  Stephen's 


Oak,"  and  implying  that  perhaps  this  may  have 
been  the  tree  about  which  my  inquiry  was  made. 
But  they  were  two  different  trees,  as  I  was  al- 
ready aware,  and  will  now  show.  King  Stephen's 
oak,  to  which  the  Magna  Britannia  alludes,  and 
which  gave  to  one  of  the  ridings  in  the  forest  the 
name  of  "  Stephen  Oak  Hiding,"  is  now  quite 
gone  ;  but  an  old  woodman  (only  dead  about  four 
years  since)  knew  and  often  pointed  out  to  my 
informant  the  exact  spot  on  which  it  stood,  as  he 
remembered  when  some  portion  of  it  still  re- 
mained. This  was  a  mile  and  a  half,  or  rather 
more,  from  the  site  of  the  Bocase  stone  and  tree. 
This  fact  rather  interferes  with  the  otherwise  in- 
genious explanation  of  "  Buck-case,"  as  denoting 
the  spot  where  the  buck  was  cased,  or  flayed  :  as 
one  can  hardly  suppose  that,  having  shot  a  deer 
on  one  spot,  they  would  carry  it  a  mile  and  a  half 
to  flay  it  at  another.  They  would  either  flay  it 
where  it  was  killed,  or  carry  it  home  at  once  for 
the  operation.  So  that  I  should  be  glad  if  your 
etymological  readers  would  still  consider  my 
Query  as  open  to  another  solution.  II.  W. 

TIPCAT  (2nd  S.  ix.  97.  205.)  - 

"  The  four  chief  sins  of  which  he  was  guilty  were  danc- 
ing, ringing  the  bells  of  the  parish  church,  playing  at 
tipcat,  and  reading  the  history  of  Sir  Bevis  of  Southamp- 
ton  In  the  middle  of  a  game  of  tipcat  he  paused, 

and  stood  staring  wildly  upwards  with  his  stick  in  his 
hands."  —  Macaulay's  Biographies,  "John  Bunvan,"  pp. 
30,  31. 

I  saw  the  game  played  last  Saturday  in  Francis 
Street,  Walworth.  K.  W. 

REV.  N.  BULL  (2nd  S.  ix.  172.)  —  Z.  is  informed 
that  the  Rev.  Alfred  N.  Bull,  B.A.,  the  author  of 
the  Brief  Memoir  of  Nicholas  .Bull,  LL.B.,  has 
selected  and  inserted  in  the  memoir  fifty-six  pages 
of  poems,  hymns,  and  translations,  but  no  dramatic 
pieces.  D.  SEDGWICK. 

IDENTITY  OF  ST.  RADEGUNDA  AND  ST.  UN- 
CUMBER  (2nd  S.  ix.  164.)  —  It  occurs  to  me  that 
this  identity  is  not  so  well  established  by  the 
circumstance  that  Queen  Radegunda  left  her 
husband,  King  Clothaire  IV.,  —  with  that  hus- 
band's consent  too,  —  and  that  St.  Uncumber 
relieves  weary  ladies  of  their  mates,  as  by  the  fol- 
lowing incident  in  the  life  of  the  Thuringian  pa- 
troness of  the  Trinitarian  order  abroad,  and  of  the 
members  of  it  at  Thellesford  Priory,  founded  by 
Sir  William  Lucy  of  Charlecote.  The  incident  to 
which  I  have  alluded  is  to  this  effect.  Queen 
Radegunda  was  one  day  walking  in  the  gardens 
of  her  palace,  when  she  heard  groans  proceeding 
from  captives  on  the  other  side  of  the  wall.  They 
were  weeping,  and  imploring  pity,  encumbered  as 
they  were  with  heavy  fetters.  The  good  and 
pious  queen  wept  too  at  hearing  those  sounds  of 
woe.  She  could  not  see  the  sufferers,  but  she 
could  pray  for  them;  and  her  prayers  were  so 


2»d  S.  IX.  APRIL  7.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


275 


efficacious  that  the  captives  were  miraculously 
disencumbered  of  their  fetters,  and  found  them- 
selves free.  In  the  pictorial  representations  of 
this  worthy  queen  and  saintly  lady  she  is  figured, 
crowned  and  veiled  ;  a  captive  is  kneeling  at  her 
feet,  but  in  gratitude  ;  for  he  is  unencumbered, 
and  his  broken  fetters  are  in  Radegunda's  hands. 

J.  DORAN. 

BUMPTIOUS  AND  GUMPTION  (2nd  S.  ix.  125.188.) 
— Sir  E.  L.  B.  Ly  tton,  in  My  Novel,  gives  an  amus- 
ing disquisition  on  the  words  gumption  and  lump- 
tious :  — 

"  ' She  was  always— not  exactly  proud  like— but  what 
I  call  gumptious.' 

"  '  1  never  heard  that  word  before,'  said  the  Parson. 
'Bumptious  indeed,  though  I  believe  it  is  not  in  the 
dictionary,  has  crept  into  familiar  parlance,  especially 
amongst  young  folks  at  school  and  college.' 

"  '  Bumptious  is  bumptious,  and  gumptious  is  gump- 
tious,' said  the  landlord.  '  Now,  the  town  beadle  is 
bumptious,  and  Mrs.  Avenel  is  gumptious.' 

"  '  She  is  a  very  respectable  woman,'  said  Mr.  Dale. 

"  ' In  course,  Sir ;  all  gumptious  folks  are :  they  value 
themselves  on  their  respectability,  and  look  down  on  their 
neighbours.' 

"  Parson.  '  Gumptious — gumption.  I  think  I  remember 
the  substantive  at  school;  not  that  my  master  taught  it 
to  me.  Gumption, — it  means  cleverness.' 

"Landlord.  'There's  gumption  and  gumptious!  Gump- 
tion is  knowing ;  but  when  I  say  that  sum  un  is  gumptious, 
I  mean — though  that's  more  vulgar  like — sum  tin  who  does 
not  think  small  beer  of  hisself.  You  take  me,  Sir? '  " 

w.  c. 

When  the  question  about  gumption  was  first 
started,  it  'at  once  struck  me  that  it  was  con- 
nected with  -gatvm,  and  gawmless  ;  at  the  same 
time  the  word  bumptious  suggested  itself  as  being 
a  corruption  of  presumptuous,  to  which  it  in  the 
main  corresponds.  J.  EASTWOOD. 

Gumption,  needfulness,  carefulness,  acuteness  of 
observation.  It  is  still  in  use  in  the  South  of 
Scotland;  from  A.-S.  gyman,  gcman ;  from  which, 
to  gome,  still  in  use  in  South  of  Scotland  (but  not 
found  in  Jamieson's  Scottish  Dictionary),  to  ob- 
serve, take  heed,  jemen  (Ancrcn  Rime,  passim). 

Bumptious,  in  common  use  in  Lincolnshire,  pre- 
sumptuous, pertinacious.  In  Holloway's  Diet,  of 
Provincialisms  it  is,  *'  apt  to  take  unintended  af- 
fronts ;  petulantly,  and  arrogantly."  J.  MN. 

A  ROSTE  YERNE  (2"d  S.  ix.  178.)— Is  roste 
yenie  written  for  rostemf  Kostrum  would  of 
course  be  perverted  into  rostern.  As  the  lectern 
(lettern,  lettron,  lectorne,  lettrone,  lutrin,  lectries, 
let  tires)  made  after  the  shape  of  an  eagle,  with 
outspread  wings,  was  and  is  used  for  reading  the 
lesson,  so  would  the  rostern  :  be  used  as  the  pul- 
pit from  which  the  people  might  be  addressed. 

W.  C. 

Would  not  rusty  iron,  or  even  a  corruption  of 

strum,  be  as  good  an  explanation  of  this  phrase 

s  the  one  stated   by  your  correspondent   to   be 

'  doubtless  "  the  correct  one  ?  J.  EASTWOOD. 


CELEBRATED  WRITER  (2nd  S.  ix.  144.)  —  The 
writer  alluded  to  is  probably  Robert  Hall,  the 
Baptist  minister  at  Cambridge,  whose  widow  died 
at  the  end  of  February  last.  Cottle  records  this 
incident  of  Hall :  "  He  stated  . . .  that  he  had  arisen 
from  his  bed  in  the  middle  of  the  night  two  or 
three  times  when  projecting  his  '  Sermon  on  In- 
fidelity '  to  record  thoughts,  or  to  write  down 
passages  that  he  feared  might  otherwise  escape  his 
memory."  (Early  Recollections  of  Coleridge,  1837, 
vol.  i.  p.  107.) 

"  Such,"  as  Johnson  says,  "  is  the  labour  of 
those  who  write  for  immortality."  The  practice 
I  should  think  was  and  is  common.  No  author 
who  cares  for  intellectual  economy  should  neglect 
it.  The  poet  Campbell  wrote  part  of  his  Lochiel 
in  the  middle  of  the  night,  after  being  "bedded." 

My  late  lamented  friend  Mrs.  J.  W.  Loudon 
told  me  that  she  devoted  some  hours  of  every 
night,  after  having  retired  to  her  bed,  to  reading. 

Having  alluded  to  Cottle,  I  will  finish  this  note 
with  a  Query.  Is  Joseph  Cottle  still  alive  ?  If 
not,  when  did  he  die  ?  *  CLAMMILD. 

Athenaeum  Club. 

HERALDIC  DRAWINGS  AND  ENGRAVINGS  (2nd  S. 
viii.  471.;  ix.  53.)  —  ACHE  appears  to  have  con- 
fused a  print  of  the  death-warrant  of  King  Charles 
I.  with  the  original  document.  In  Porny's  Ele- 
ments of  Heraldry,  1795,  p.  23*.,  is  the  following 
passage :  — 

"  The  first  instance  I  have  met  with  (of  indicating 
tinctures  in  engraving)  for  English  coats  of  arms,  is  in 
a  print  of  the  warrant  for  the  execution  of  King  Charles 
I.  in  which  the  tinctures  of  the  arms,  in  several  of  the 
seals,  are  expressed  with  the  lines  now  used.  All  the 
publications  of  English  heralds,  before  that  period,  hav- 
ing in  their  cuts  the  tinctures  of  the  arms  denoted  only 
by  their  initial  letters :  as  0.  for  or.,  A.  argent,  &c.,  which 
may  be  seen  in  the  works  of  Upton,  Camden,  Dugdale, 
Leigh,  Milles,  and  others."  - 

F.  L. 

DINNER  ETIQUETTE  (2nd  S.  ix.  170.)  —  Like 
your  correspondent  CI-DEVANT  JEUNE-HOMME  I 
have  a  distinct  recollection  of  having  seen  the 
ladies  go  out  of  the  drawing-room  first  in  single 
file,  followed  by  the  gentlemen  in  the  same  order. 
My  impression  is  that  the  system  of  hooking,  like 
the  dancing  of  quadrilles,  was  not  introduced  till 
after  the  Peace  in  1814,  MELETES. 

HOLDING  UP  THE  HAND  (2nd  S.  ix.  72.  189.) — 
The  form  of  administering  an  oath  in  the  French 
courts  of  police  involves  the  holding  up  the  hand, 
—  a  custom  probably  to  be  traced,  together  with 
other  forms,  to  the  usages  of  the  old  Roman  law. 
The  man  to  be  sworn  listens  to  the  oath,  which  an 
officer  of  the  court,  recites,  and  then  holding  up 
his  right  hand  exclaims,  Jejure!  W.  C. 

[*  Mr.  Joseph  Cottle  died  at  his  residence,  Firfield- 
house,  Knowle,  near  Bristol,  on  June  10,  1853,  in  his 
eighty-fourth  year. — ED.] 


276 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  APRIL  7.  '60. 


BRIGHTON  PAVILION  (2nd  S.  ix.  163.)  — "The 
carefully-executed  outline  etchings  of  interior  views 
of  apartments  in  the  Brighton  Pavilion  "  belong  to 
a  private  work  on  the  Pavilion,  prepared  by  order 
of  George  IV.  Mr.  Nash,  the  architect,  had  the 
management  of  it,  and  engaged  his  friend  the 
elder  Augustus  Pugin  (father  of  A.'Welby  Pugin) 
to  make  the  drawings  and  superintend  the  engrav- 
ings. The  work  consisted  of  copper-plate  engrav- 
ings printed  in  colours,  and  afterwards  carefully 
finished  by  hand.  The  impressions  in  the  posses- 
sion of  W.  W.  are  probably  some  proofs  of  the 
etchings  before  coloured.  M.  Pugin  often  related 
in  my  hearing  the  following  anecdote  connected 
with  his  employment  on  this  work.  He  was  en- 
gaged at  the  Pavilion  in  one  of  the  galleries 
colouring  a  view  ;  deeply  intent  upon  his  drawing 
he  did  not  observe  that  somebody  had  entered  the 
apartment,  but  on  looking  round  saw  to  his  sur- 
prise the  king,  who  was  then  advancing  towards 
the  spot  where  he  was  sitting.  Pugin  had  scarcely 
time  to  rise  when  the  king  passed  by  him,  and, 
not  perceiving  a  stool  on  Avhich  the  colour-box 
was  placed,  accidentally  overthrew  it ;  he  stooped 
instantly,  picked  it  up,  and  presented  it  to  Pugin 
with  an  expression  of  apology.  Pugin  as  a  French- 
man fully  appreciated  this  act  of  condescension. 

The  work  in  question  consisted  entirely  of  co- 
loured engravings,  unaccompanied  'by  text ;  and 
though,  during  the  lifetime  of  the  king,  it  was  dis- 
tributed 'exclusively  to  his  friends,  yet  upon  his 
majesty's  death  many  copies  remained,  and  were 
then  published  in  the  ordinary  manner. 

BENJ.  FEIRCEY. 

A  PENNY  "  ROBINSON  CRUSOE  "  (2nd  S.  ix.  178.) 
—  If  J.  O.  regards  Thomas  Gent  as  guilty  of  so 
high  a  crime  against  literature  for  melting  down 
Robinson  Crusoe  into  a  twelvepenny  pamphlet, 
what  would  he  say  to  a  penny  version  of  The  Life 
and  Adventures  of  Robinson  Crusoe,  written  by  Him- 
self f  which  bears  the  imprint,  "  Marsden,  Printer, 
Chelmsford," —  a  copy  of  which  I  purchased  some 
forty  years  ago  for  my  personal  (and  of  course, 
juvenile,)  oblectation,  and  still  retain  as  a  cu- 
riosity in  literature  ?  B.  B.  WOODWARD. 

Haverstock  Hill. 


whom  English  history  and  English  biography  are  already 
largely  indebted.  The  materials  for  the  history  of  thfs 
eventful  incident,  which  Mr.  Forster  has  derived  from 
I  the  State  Paper  Office,  are  entirely  new,  and  are  worked 
up  by  him  with  great  skill.  His  style  is  clear  and 
floAving,  and  his  narrative  extremely  interesting;  and 
the  result  is  a  volume  which  all  will  read  with  pleasure, 
and  which  adds  most  materially  to  our  knowledge  of  the 
stirring  period  to  which  it  relates. 

The  Season  Ticket.     (Bentley.) 

This  Season  Ticket  is  obviously  a  First  Class  Ticket. 
j  Aut  Slickius  aut  Didbolus,  we  felt  inclined  to  exclaim  at 
some  of  the  smart  things  scattered  through  its  pages; 
and  although  we  may  have  been  wrong  in  so  doing,  we 
would  make  a  pretty  considerable  guess  that  the  author 
was  raised  not  far  from  Slickville. 

BOOKS  RECEIVED. — 

Some  Account  of  the  Family  of  Smollett  of  Bonhill,  with 
a  Series  of  Letters  hitherto  unpublished,  by  its  Author. 
i  Arranged  by  J.  Irvine.  (Printed  for  Private  Circula- 
|  tion.) 

An  interesting  monograph,  which  throws  new  light 
not  only  on  the  history  of  the  Smollett  family  generally, 
but  upon  the  biography  of  its  most  distinguished  member, 
Dr.  Tobias  Smollett. 

The  Romans  in  Gloucestershire.  By  the  Rev.  Samuel 
Lysons,  M.A.  (Hamilton,  Adams,  &  Co.) 

An  extremely  interesting  lecture,  which  our  readers, 
we  are  sure,  will  not  be  .the  less  pleased  with  when  we 
tell  them  that  the  profits  from  the  sale  of  it  are  to  be  ap- 
plied to  the  restoration  of  a  District  Lending  Library. 

The  Life  and  Times  of  Samuel  Crompton,  Inventor  of 
the  Spinning  Machine  called  the  Mule,  8fc.  By  Gilbert  J. 
French,  F.S.A.  Second  Edition.  (Simpkin  &  Marshall.) 

We  are  glad  to  see  our  opinion  of  this  little  book  justi- 
fied by  this  early  call  for  a  Second  Edition. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  i 
dresses  are  given  below. 

MICHA.EMS,  J.  H.  &  C.  B.,  NOTJS  UBERIOHES  IN  HAOIOORAPHA.  3  Vc 
4to.    Halae,  1720  or  1735-51. 

"Wanted  by  Thomas  Thompson,  Gillingham,  Dorset. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

Arrest  of  the  Five  Members  by  Charles  the  First.  A 
Chapter  of  English  History  rewritten.  By  John  Forster. 
(Murray.) 

What  Hallam  has  declared  to  be  "  the  single  false  step 
which  rendered  his  (Charles  the  First's)  affairs  irre- 
trievable by  anything  short  of  civil  war,  and  placed  all 
reconciliation  at  an  inseparable  distance,"  and  which  he 
goes  on  to  describe  as  "  an  evident  violation  not  of  com- 
mon privilege  but  of  all  security  for  the  independent  ex- 
istence of  Parliament,"  forms  the  subject  of  the  chapter 
of  our  national  annals  here  rewritten  by  a  gentleman  to 


ELEGANT  EXTRACTS.    Unique  Selection  by  Davenport.    Published 

Whittingham.    1st  Vol.    Poetry.    18mo. 
SHARPE'S  ELEGANT  EXTRACTS:  Poetry  and  Prose.    6  Vols  each.    H 

In  boards. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS.    Nos.  1  and  2.    Longman.    Published  in  1855. 
Wanted  by  Mr.  E.  Baverstock,  22.  Victoria  Terrace,  Westboume 
Grove,  Bayswater,  W. 


to 

#.  We  shall  be  obliged  by  a  sight  of  the  poem  and  epitaph  mentioned  i 
our  correspondent. 

T.  E.  H.  (West  Derby.)    We  quite  share  our  correspondent' s/e 
Such  oversights  will  not,  we  trust,  occur  again. 

J.  G.  T.  (Ryde.)    Will  find  many  notices  o/books  chained  in 
in  vols.  viii.  x.  xi.  and  xii.  of  our  \st  Series. 

JAVDEE  is  thanked.    Attention  to  the  matter  shall  be  called  in  the\ 
quarter 

ERRATA.  — 2nd  S.  ix.  p.  218.  col.  ii.  1.  7.  for  "  rcavratrre  "  read  "  faw 
rag  TC  ;  "  p.  250.  col.  ii.  1. 16./or  "  dolentiYnV'  read  "  dolenttfws  ; "  and  ] 
17-  for "  adminos  "  read  "  admissos." 

"NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  .MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  lls.  Id.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  MESSRS.  BMJ,  AND  DALDY  ,186.  FLEET  STREET,  E.C.j  to  whom 
aU  COMMUNICATION  FOR  THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


2-a  S.  IX.  APRIL  7.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


UNITED   KINGDOM 

LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  LONDON, 

s.\v. 

The  Hon.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 

CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  Esq.,  Deputy  Chairman. 

FOURTH  DIVISION  OF  PROFITS. 

SPECIAL  NOTICE Parties  desirous  of  participating  in  the  fourth 

division  of  profits  to  be  declared  on  all  policies  effected  prior  to  the  31st 
December  next  year,  should,  in  order  to  enjoy  the  same,  make  imrne- 
diute  application.  There  have  already  been  three  divisions  ot  profits, 
and  the  bonuses  divided  have  averaged  nearly  2  per  cent,  per.annum  on 
the  sums  assured,  or  from  30  to  100  per  cent,  on  the  premiums  paid, 
without  imparting  to  the  recipients  the  risk  of  copartnership,  as  is  the 
case  in  mutual  societies. 

To  show  more  clearly  what  these  bonuses  amount  to,  three  folio  wing 
cases  are  put  forth  as  examples  : 

Sum  Insured.        Bonuses  a  dded.        Amount  payable  up  to  Dec. ,  1 861 . 
£5,000  £1,987  10*.  £6.987  10s. 

1,000  397  Idx.  1,397  10*. 

100  39  Ifct.  139  15s. 

Notwithstanding  these  large  additions,  the  premiums  are  on  the 
lowest  scale  compatible  with  security  for  the  payment  of  the  policy  when 
death  arises;  in  addition  to  which  advantages,  one  half  of  the  premiums 
may  if  desired,  for  the  term  of  five  years,  remain  unpaid  at  5  per  cent, 
interest,  the  other  half  being  advanced  by  the  company  without  security 
or  deposit  of  the  policy. 

The  Assets  of  the  Company  at  the  3Ist  December,  1858,  exclusive  of 
the  large  subscribed  Capital,  amounted  to  36(552,618  3s.  10d.,  all  of  which 
has  been  invested  in  Government  and  other  approved  securities. 

No  charge  for  Volunteer  Military  Corps  whilst  serving  in  the  United 
Kingdom. 

Policy  Stamps  paid  by  the  Office. 

Immediate  application  should  be  made  to  the  Resident  Director,  8 
W.,c,loo Pl^.P.llM^.-By  order, 


w 


ESTERN    LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 

ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON.S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1848. 


Directors, 

H.  E.  Bicknell.Esq.  E.  Lucas,  Esq. 

T.  S.  Cocks,  Esq.  F.B.  Marson-Esq. 

O.H.Drew, Esq. M.A.  A.  Robinson, Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq.  J.L.Seager,Esq. 

F.  Fuller, Esq.  J.B. White, Esq. 
J.  H.Goodhart.Esq. 

Physician.—  W.  R.  Basham,  M.D. 

Bankers.  —  Messrs.  Cocks,  Biddulph.andCo. 

Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  thisOffice  do  not  become  void  though  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  paying  a  Premium,  as  permission  is  given  upon 
application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  the  con- 
ditions detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

LOANS  from  100L  to  500Z.  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 
Security. 

Attention  is  also  invited  to  the  rates  of  annuity  granted  to  old  lives, 
for  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 
Example :  100Z.  cash  paid  down  purchases — An  annuity  of — 
£  s.  d. 
10   4    o  to  a  male  life  aged  60) 

65  (Payable  as  long 


12  S  1 
14  16  3 
18  11  10 


70  f    as  he  is  alive. 
75J 


MR. 


Now  ready,  10th  Edition,  price  7s.  6d.,  of 

SCRATCHLEY'S     MANUAL,     on 


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Paper,  2.«.  <W.,  Foolscap,  6s.  6d.  per  Ream.  Manuscript  Paper,  3d.  per 
Quire.  India  Note,  5  Quires  for  Is.  Black  bordered  Note,  5  Quires  for 
1*.  Copy  Books  (copies  set).  Is.  8d.  per  dozen.  P.  &  C.'s  Law  Pen  (as 
flexible  as  the  Quill),  2s.  per  gross. 

No  Charge  for  Stamping  Arms,  Crests,  fyc.  from,  own  Dies. 
Catalogues  Post  Free;  Orders  over  20s.  Carriage  paid. 

Copy  Address,  PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS, 
Manufacturing  Stationers :  1.  Chancery  Lane,  and  192.  Fleet  St.  E.C. 


CLERGY  MUTUAL  ASSURANCE  SOCIETY, 
3.  Broad  Sanctuary,  Westminster. 
Patrons-  The  Archbishops  of  CANTERBURY  and  YORK. 

Trustees  — The  Bishops  of  London  and  Winchester,  the  Dean  of  West- 
minster, and  the  Archdeacon  of  Maidstone. 

Council  of  Reference  —  The  Archbishops,  and  Bishops  of  London,  Dur- 
ham and  Winchester. 

Chairman  of  Directors  —  The  Archdeacon  of  LONDON. 
Deputy  Chairman  _F.  L.  WOLL ASTON, ES<I.,  M.A. 

The  present  amount  assured  upon  life  exceeds  3,000,OOOZ. 

The  invested  capital  is  upwards  of  940,000/. 

The  annual  income  is  upwards  of  120,000?. 

Clergymen,  and  the  wives,  widows,  sons,  and  daughters  of  clergymen, 
and  the  near  relations  of  clergymen,  and  the  near  relations  of  the 
wives  of  clergymen,  are  qualified  to  effect  assurances  upon  their  lives 
in  this  Society  to  any  amount  not  exceeding  6000/.  The  rates  of  pre- 
mium are  moderate  ;  there  are  no  proprietors  to  share  in  the  profits,  the 
whole  of  the  surplus  capital,  assigned  every  fifth  year,  being  appro- 
priated to  the  assured  members. 

The  next  bonus  will  be  in  the  year  1861. 

Assurances  upon  life  may  be  made  in  this  Society  upon  payment  of 
reduced  annual  premiums,  viz.,  upon  payment  of  four-fifths  of  the 
rates  chargeable,  one-fifth  remaining  in  arrear,  to  be  paid  oif  from  time 
to  time  by  bonus. 

Prospectuses  and  forms  of  application  for  assurances  may  be  obtaiued 
at  the  offices  or  by  letter  to  the  Secretary. 

JOHN  HODGSON,  M.A.,Sec. 


GT.E3TriHI.S5    PATENTT    STARCH, 
USED  IN  THE  ROYAL  LAUNDRY, 

AND  PRONOUNCED  BV  HER  MAJESTY'S  LAUNDRESS,  TO  BE 
THE  FINEST  STARCH  SHE  EVER  USED. 

Sold  by  all  Chandlers,  Grocers,  &c.  &c. 
WOTHERSPOON  &  CO.,  GLASGOW  &  LONDON. 


PIESSE  &  LUBINS'S  HUNGARY  WATER, 

This  Scent  stimulates  the  Memory  and  invigorates  the 

Brain. 

2s.  bottle  ;  10s.  Case  of  Six. 

PERFUMERY  FACTORY, 

2.  NEW  BOND  STREET,  W. 


BROWN  &   POLSON'S 
PATENT    CORKT     FLOUR, 

Preferred  to  the  best  Arrowroot. 

DEITCIOCS  in  PUDDINGS,  CUSTARDS,  BLANCMANGE,  CAKE,  &c., 
and  especially  suited  to  the  delicacy  of 

CHILDREN  AND  INVALIDS. 
"  THIS  is  SUPERIOR  TO  ANYTHING  OF  THE  KIND  KNOWN." — Lancet. 

Obtain  it  where  inferior  articles  are  not  substituted. 

From  Grocers,  Chemists,  Confectioners,  and  Corn  Dealers. 

PAISLEY,  DUBLIN,  MANCHESTER,  and  LONDON. 

REDUCTION  OF  DUTY. 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER,  having  reduced  the  prices 
of  their  WINES  in  accordance  with  the  new  Tariff,  are  now 
ng  capital  dinner  Sherry,  21s.,  30s.,  and  36s.  per  dozen  ;  high  class 
pale,  golden,  and  brown  Sherry,  4'2s.,  48s.,  and  51s — Good  Port,  30s.  and 

36s Fine  old  Port,  42s.,  48s.,  5is.,  60s Pure  St.-Julien  Claret,  24s.  and 

30s.— Very  superior  ditto,  36s.— La  Rose,  3Gs.,  42s.  — Finest  growth 
Clarets,  60s.,  72s.,  84s — Chablis,  36s.,  48s— Red  and  White  Burgundy, 

36s.  ,48s.  to  84s Champagne,  42s.  54s.,  60s.,  72s Hock  and  Moselle, 

36s.,  48s.,  60s.  to  120s — East  India  Madeira,  Imperial  Tokay,  Vermuth 
Frontignac,  Constantia,  and  every  other  description  of  Wine — Fine 
old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  dozen — Schiedam  Hollands, 
Marischino,  Curasao,  Cherry  Brandy,  &c.  On  receipt  of  a  Post-office 
order  or  reference,  any  quantity,  with  a  Price-list  of  all  other  wines, 
will  be  forwarded  immediately  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

WINE  MERCHANTS,  &c. 
155,  REGENT  STREET,  LONDON,  W. 

and  30.  King's  road,  Brighton. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 


TNTRODUCER    OF  THE   SOUTH    AFRICAN 

J_    PORT,  SHERRY,  &c.,  20s.  per  dozen,  BOTTLES  INCLUDED, 
an  advantage  greatly  appreciated  by  the  Public  and  a  constantly  in- 
creasing connexion,  saving  the  great  annoyance  of  returning  them. 
A  PINT  SAMPLE  OF  BOTH  FOB  24  STAMPS. 

WINE  IN  CASK  forwarded  Free  to  any  Railway  Station  in  England. 
EXCELSIOR  BRANDY,  Pale  or  Brown,  15s.  per  gallon,  or  30s.  per 
dozen. 

TERMS,  CASH.    Country  Orders  must  contain  a  remittance.     Cross 
cheques  "  Bank  of  London."   Price  Lists  forwarded  on  application. 
JAMES  L.  DENMAN,  65.  Fenchurch  Street.corner  of  Railway  Place, 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2«d  S.  IX.  APRIL  7.  '60. 


THE  PIOUS  ROBERT  NELSON. 


Now  ready,  8vo.,  with  Portrait,  price  10s.  6d. 


LIFE    AND    TIMES    OF    ROBERT    NELSON, 

Author  of  "  COMPANION  TO  THE  FASTS  AND  FESTIVALS  OF  THE  CHURCH." 
BY    THE     REV.     C.     F.     S  E  C  R  E  T  A  N, 

Incumbent  of  Holy  Trinity,  Vanxhall  Bridge  Road. 


"  Mr  Secretun  has  given  us  a  careful,  discerning,  and  well-written  account  of  an  English  worthy,  whose  works  are  familiar  as  '  household 
words ''  in  most  homes,  and  whose  life  was  spent  in  deeds  of  Christian  philanthropy.  "-Morning  Post. 

"  Mr  Secretan's  biography  is  worthy  to  take  its  place  by  the  side  of  those  which  old  Izaak  Walton  has  left  us,  and  Nelson  was  just  such  a 
charncter  as  Izaak  Walton  would  have  loved  to  delineate.  The  record  of  his  devout  and  energetic  life  is  most  interestingly  traced  by  Mr.  Secretan." 
-John  Bull. 

"  There  can  be  little  doubt  that  Mr.  Secretan's  Life  of  Robert  Nelson  is  an  important  addition  to  our  Standard  Christian  Biographics."_jVo<cs 
and  Queries. 

"  We  think  highly  of  Mr.  Secretan's  book,  as  well  fitted,  both  by  its  matter  and  manner,  to  do  justice  to  the  memory  and  example  of  the  pious 
Robert  Nelson."—  Gentleman's  Magazine. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  ALBEMAKLE  STREET. 


Eighth  Edition,  fcp.  2s.  6d.  sewed,  or  3s.  cloth, 

THE    WATER    CURE    IN    CHRONIC    DISEASE: 

An  Exposition  of  the  Causes,  Progress,  and  Termination  of  various  Chronic  Diseases  of  the  Digestive  Organs, 
Lungs,  Nerves,  Limbs,  and  Skin ;  and  of  their  Treatment  by  Water  and  other  Hygienic  Means. 

BY    JAMES    MANBY    GULLY, 

M.D.,  L.R.C,.S.,  and  F.R.P.S.  Edinburgh,  F.R.M.C.S.  London,  &c. 

"  Dr.  Gully  brings  to  the  exposition  of  the  subject  the  acquirements  of  a  fully  educated,  and  the  weight  of  a  largely  experienced  medical  man." 
—Quarterly  Review. 
"  The  best  and  most  scientific  work  on  the  Water  Cure  that  has  yet  been  published."— Horning  Post. 

London:  SIMPKIN,  MARSHALL,  &  CO.,  Stationers'- Hall  Court,  E.C. 


QOY 

Ll  Rec 


Now  ready,  the  34th  Thousand,  in  post  8vo.  price  Is.  6c7. 

ER'S  MODERN  HOUSEWIFE.    Comprising 

Receipts  for  the  Economic  and  Judicious  Preparation  of  every  Meal 
of  the  dny,  and  for  the  Nursery  and  Sick  Room.  By  the  late  ALEXIS 
SO  V  ER.  With  Illustrations  on  Wood,  &c. 

"  All  who  have  food  to  cook  should  buy  this  book." 

Morning  Chronicle. 
Also,  by  the  same  Author, 

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tronomic Regenerator  for  the  Kitchens  of  the  Wealthy.    Eighth  Thou- 
sand, 8vo.  15s.  cloth. 
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flRUDEN'S  CONCORDANCE  to  the   OLD  and 

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to  the  Bible.  In  Two  Parts.  Containing  the  Appellative  or  Common 
Words  in  so  full  and  large  a  manner,  that  any  verse  may  be  readily 
found  by  looking  for  any  material  word  in  it :  also  the  Proper  Names 
in  Scripture,  &c.  To  which  is  added,  a  Concordance  to  the  Apocrypha. 
With  a  Life  and  Portrait  of  the  Author,  by  ALEXANDER  CHAL- 
MERS, F.S.A.  Thirteenth  Edition. 

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Just  ready,  the  Ninth  Edition,  8vo.,  price  10s.  6d., 

OCHREVELIUS'     LEXICON    in    GREEK    and 

O  ENGLISH  (ValpyV)  for  the  Use  of  Colleges  and  Schools ;  to 
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REV.  J.  R.  MAJOR,  D.D.,  Head  Master  of  King's  College  School. 

***  Besides  the  addition  of  many  words,  and  a  much  extended 
variety  of  meanings,  this  edition  of  Schreveliiis  is  adapted  to  the  use 
of  schools  by  the  insertion,  as  leading  words,  of  numerous  derivatives, 
the  want  of  which  in  other  lexicons  occasions  to  the  tiro  much  trouble 
in  finding  what  he  seeks. 

London  :  SIMPKIN,  MARSHALL,  &  CO. ;  and 
WHITTAKER  &  CO. 


LIBRARY  OF  SPIRITUAL  SONGS : 

Comprising  the  best  Hymns  of  the  Seventeenth  and  Eighteenth  Cen- 
turies, faithfully  reprinted  from  the  Originals,  in  the  exact  Words  of 
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OF   PRAISE,   AND  PENITENTIAL    CRIES,    with   Memoirs. 
12mo.  pp.  119.    3s.  6d. 
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WILLIAMS  (W.)  ENGLISH  HYMNS  :  containing 

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G.  WHITEFIELD  "_"  GLORIA  IN  EXCELSIS."    With  Me- 
moir of  the  Author,  by  REV.  E.  MORGAN.    12mo.    pp.148.    4s. 
***  "  This  is  a  volume  of  considerable  interest." 

These  will  be  followed  by  _ 

SEAGRAVE'S  (R.)   HYMNS  FOR  CHRISTIAN 

WORSHIP. 

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Christian. 

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Memoir. 

DR  A  CUP'S    (J.)     HYMNS    AND    SPIRITUAL 

SONGS,  with  Memoir. 

OLIVER'S    (T.)    HYMNS    AND    POEMS,    with 

Memoir,  &c,,  &c. 
HAMILTON,  ADAMS,  &  CO.,  Paternoster  Row,  London,  E.C. 


Printed  by  GBORHE  ANDREW  SPOTTISWO^DE,  of  No.  10.  Little  New  Street,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  City  of  London,  at  No.  5.  New-street 
Square,,  in  the  said  Parish,  and  published  by  GKOROR  BEIA,  of  No.  )8f>.  Fleet  Street,  in  the  Pajrish  of  St.  Dunstan  in  the  West,  in  the  City  of 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

A  MEDIUM   OF   INTER-COMMUNICATION 

FOB 

LITERARY   MEN,   ARTISTS,   ANTIQUARIES,   GENEALOGISTS,   ETC. 

"  Wben  found,  make  a  note  of." — CAPTAIN  CUTTLE. 


No.  224.] 


SATURDAY,  APRIL  14.  1860. 


("Price  Fourpence. 
I  Stamped  Edition, 


TVR.  LOVELL'S  SCHOOL,  Winslow  Hall,  Bucks, 

I/  for  the  Sons  of  Noblemeii  and  Gentlemen  (established  1836).— 
The  Course  of  Tuition  is  preparatory  to  the  Public  Schools,  Eton, 
Rugby,  and  Harrow,  Sandhurst  College,  and  the  Army  and  Navy  Ex- 
aminations. Native  Teachers  of  French  and  German  reside  m  the 
House-  and  these  Languages  form  an  integral  part  ot  the  daily  school 
dntyf  The  number  of^upUi  is  strictly  limited,  and  none  are  admitted  j 
beyond  fifteen  years  old.— All  further  particulars  can  be  had  ot  the  j 


Second  Edition,  6d. ;  per  post,  Id. 

AN  ENGLISH   EDUCATION. 

London  :  BELL  &  DALDY,  186.  Fleet  Street,  B.C. 


Lately  published,  in  1  Vol.  8vo.  price  10s.  6c?.  cloth, 

MODERN  ENGLISH  LITERATURE,  its 
BLEMISHES  and  DEFECTS.      By  HENRY   H. 
BREEN,  Esq.,  F.S.A. 

pONTENTS  :  —  1.  Composition  ; 
^  2.  Blunders;  3.  Mannerism; 
4.  Criticism;  5. Plagiarism ;  6.  Lite- 
rary Impostures. 


A    LADY  accustomed  to  read  and  copy  Old  Manu- 

_£\_    scripts  at  the  Museum  and  State  Paper  Office,  has  a  portion  of 
time  at  present  unoccupied  which  she  would  be  happy  to  devote  to  the 
service  of  any  Lady  or  Gentleman  who  may  require  a  Transcriber. 
Address  A.  B.,  13.  Tachbrook  Street,  Warwick  Square,  S.W. 

ON  THE  IST  OF  MAY, 

Will  be  commenced,  in  Monthly  Numbers,  broad  Imperial  Octavo, 
each  Number  containing  Four  Coloured  Plates,  with  Descriptive 
Letter-press,  price  2s.  6d.,  a  New  Periodical,  entitled 

THE   FLORAL   MAGAZINE: 

COMPRISING 

FIGURES  AND  DESCRIPTIONS  OF 

POPULAR  GARDEN  FLOWERS. 

BY 

THOMAS  MOORE,  F.L.S.,  F.H.S. 

Secretary  to  the  Floral  Committee  of  the  Horticultural  Society. 
THE  DRAWINGS  BY 

WALTER  FITCH,  F.L.S., 
Artist  of  Sir  W.  J.  Hooker's  "  Curtis'  Botanical  Magazine." 

The  "FLORAL  MAGAZINE"  has  been  projected  to  supply  the  long-felt 
•  >f  some  independent  periodical,  of  a  popular  character,  devoted 
to  the  Illustration  of  the  many  New  Varieties  of  choice  Flowers  which 
arc  U'ing  continually  produced  by  the  skill  of  modern  cultivators. 

The  Plates  will  be  executed  by  Mr.  WALTER  FITCH,  who  has  been  so 
ion-  and  so  favourably  known  as  the  Artist  of  "Curtis'  Botanical 
Magazine."  and  of  other  botanical  publications  emanating  from  Kew. 
The  selection  of  subjects,  and  the  descriptions,  will  be  by  the  Secretary 
of  the  FLORAL  COMMITTFF  of  the  HORTICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 

"  CURTIS'  BOTANH AL  MAGAZINE  "  will  continue  to  represent  the  scien- 
tific department  of  Garden  Botany,  under  the  superintendence  of  the 
Director  of  the  Royal  Gardens  of  Kew.  The  "  FLOKAL  MAGAZINE"  will 
be  devoted  to  meritorious  varieties  of  such  introduced  Plants  as  are  of 
popular  character,  and  likely  to  become  established  favourites  in  the 
Garden,  Hothouse,  or  Conservatory. 

London  :  LOVELL  REEVE,  5.  Henrietta  Street,  Covent 
Garden,  W.C. 


R   DISPOSAL,  a  COLLECTION  of  MONU- 
MENTAL BRASS  RTTBBINGS  mounted  on  calico.     For  par- 
lars,  address  M.  B.  R.,  Mr.  G.  J.  SMITH,  Draper,  Ratcliffe  Terrace, 
iwell  Road,  London,  B.C. 

A  S  FOREIGN  CORRESPONDENT.— A  Gentle- 

r\_  man  in  degrees,  hitherto  engaged  with  the  London  Press,  but  now 
!echn«r  to  PARIS,  is  desirous  of  being  employed  by  some  periodical, 
•  i-kly,  metropolitan  or  provincial.    Address,  P.  P.,  Post  Office, 
and,  London,  W.C. 

2ND  S.  No.  224.] 


CINCE  Cobbett,  we  have  not 
~  had  so  severe  a  cast 


tigator  of 

the  solecisms  with  which  he  has 
proved  some  of  our  most  celebrated 
writers  to  abound."  John  Bull. 

it  TV/rR.  BREEN  has  produced  an 
*"•  agreeable  volume  which  de- 
serves perusal  for  its  temperate  and 

„„„  ^ , „.„  ,.«~... ,  well-meant  endeavours  to  show  the 

has  afforded  a  greater  amount  of   carelessness  and  indifference  to  cor- 


I  a  -\ JR.  BREEN'S  book  is  an  at- 
ivi  tack  (not  at  all  uncalled  for) 

!    upon  careless  writing."  Examiner. 

a  CSELDOM  have  we  risen  from 

^    the  perusal  of  a  work  which 


satisfacti9n  and  pleasure  than  Mr 
Breen's  interesting  and  amusing 
compilation  of  '  errata '  and  '  cor- 
rigenda.' "  Gentleman's  Magazine. 


rect  writing,  which  characterise  the 
works  of  too  many  of  our  most  dis- 
tinguished authors." 

JFotcs  and  Queries. 


London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN,  and  ROBERTS. 


Now  completed,  in  Two  Volumes, 

THE   PHYSIOLOGY    OF  COMMON  LIFE. 

BY  GEORGE  HENRY  LEWES, 

Author  of  "  Sea-side  Studies,"  the  "  Life  of  Goethe,"  &c. 

Illustrated  with  numerous  Engravings  on  Wood,  price  12s.  in  cloth. 

WILLIAM  BLACK  WOOD  &  SONS,  Edinburgh  and  London. 

This  Day  is  published,  price  fit., 

ST.      STEPHEN'S: 

A  POEM. 

Originally  published  in  '  '  Blackwood's  Magazine." 

This  Poem  is  intended  to  give  succinct  Sketches  of  our  principal 
Parliamentary  Orators,  commencing  with  the  origin  of  Parliamentary 
Oratory  (in  the  Civil  Wars),  and  closing  with  the  late  Sir  Robert  Peel. 

WILLIAM  BLACKWOOD  &  SONS,  Edinburgh  and  London. 

BY  THE  AUTHOR  OF  "  ADAM  BEDE." 

This  Day  is  published, 

THE    MILL    ON   THE    FLOSS. 

By  GEORGE  ELIOT, 

Author  of"  Scenes  of  Clerical  Life  "  and  "  Adam  Bede." 

In  Three  Volumes,  Post  Octavo,  price  II.  Us.  6d. 
WILLIAM  BLACKWOOD  &  SONS,  Edinburgh  and  London. 


J.  JTC.  W.  TURNER,  R.A. 

STUDENTS  AND  OTHERS  interested  in  the 

_  Works  of  the  above  Master — The  original  etchings  made  by  Turner 
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RICHARD  BARRETT,  13.  MARK  LANE,  LONDON,  E.C. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  APRIL  U.  'GO. 


MESSRS.     BELL    AND    DALDY'S 


NEW     WOKKS. 


STANDARD    BOOKS. 


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2nd  S.  IX.  Ar:iiL  14.  'GO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


277 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,.  APRIL  14.  18GO. 


X'.  224.  —  CONTENTS. 

NOTES:  —  The  Gunpowder-plot  Papers,  277  —  Mottoes  on 
Sun-dials,  27i>. 

MINOR  NOTES  :—  Curious  Discovery  —  Biographical  Notes 
from  Dugard's  Renter  of  Merchant  Taylors'  School  — 
Napoleon  I.  :  his  Testimony  to  the  Divinity  of  Christ  — 
Apollo  Belvedere  Statuette  —  Breakneck  Steps,  279. 

QUERIES  :  —  Dibdin's  Songs,  280  —  Raper  —  R.  Willis  — 
Heraldic  —  The  Tragic  Poet  —  Rev.  George  Watson  — 
"  Jack  "  —  Joseph  Clarke  —  Cornwal  Family—  Cattle  Toll 
at  Chetwode  —  Berthold's  Political  Handkerchief—  "His 
people's  good,"  &c.  —  Portrait  of  Sir  Henry  Morgan,  the 
Buccaneer  —  "  The  Siege  of  Malta"  —  Milton's  Autograph 

—  "  II  Sfortunato  Fortunato  "  —  Tart  Hall,  &c,  —  Admiral 
John  Fish,  281. 

Qu  :  HIES  •WITH:  ANSWERS  :  —  The  Republic  of  Babine—  The 
Translators'  Address  in  the  Bible—  Editions  of  the  Prayer 
Book  prior  to  1662,  282. 

REPLIES:  —  Drummond  of  Colquhalzie,  283—  Shakspeare 
Music,  Ib.  —  English  Etymologies,  284  —  Henry  Smith, 
285  —  Flambard  Brass  at  Harrow,  286  —  Samuel  Daniel  — 
The  Crossing  Sweeper—  Legend  of  Jersey:  the  Seigneur 
de  Hambie  —  Ronalds'  "Electrical  Telegraph  "  —  "  Quar- 
ter "  —  Col.  Hacker  —  Refreshment  for  Clergymen—  Sea 
Breaches  —  "  Cock  an  Eye"  —  King  Bladud  and  his  Pigs 

—  "  Walk  your  Chalks  "  —  True  Blue  —Blue  Blood  —  Tay- 
lor Club  —  Political  Pseudonymes  —  Rev.   Edward  Wm. 
Barnard  —  Chevalier  Gallini—  The  Rev.  Christopher  Love 

—  Order  of  Prayer  in  French  —  Mawhood  Family  —  Inn 
Signs  painted  by  Eminent  Artists  —  London  Riots  in  1780 

—  Peers  serving  as  Mayors  —  "  Dickey  "  for  "  Donkey  "  — 
The  De  Hungerford  Inscription  —  Epigram  on  Homer  — 
Early  Communion  —  Frances  Lady  Atkyns,  &c.,  286. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


THE  GUNPOWDER-PLOT  PAPERS.* 

Amongst  the  numerous  papers  relating  to  the 
Gunpowder  Plot  preserved  in  the  State  Paper 
Office,  is  a  curious  document,  undated  and  with- 
out signature,  endorsed  by  Salisbury  "  Touching 
Faux." 

It  is  no  doubt  one  of  many  other  similar  letters 
sent  to  the  Secretary  of  State  after  Fawkes'  ar- 
rest, and  probably  has  escaped  destruction  by  ac- 
cident. The  following  is  a  copy  of  it  :  — 

"  Some  two  months  since  or  there  abouts  one  who 
named  himself  Faulkes  came  and  took  a  lodging  at  one 
Mw.  Herbert's  House  a  widowes  that  dwells  on  the  Back- 
side of  St.  Clement's  church  near  the  arch  near  the  well 
called  St.  Clement's  Well.  She  was  then  a  widow  but 
since  she  is  marryed  to  one  Mr.  Woodhouse  ;  to  whom 
Percy  the  two  Wrights  Winter  and  Catesby  and  some 
others  whose  names  she  knows  not  did  often  repair  and 
had  with  him  in  his  Chamber  much  secret  conference 
the  summe  of  which  was  only  known  to  themselves  yet 
knowing  then*  to  be  papistes  she  did  much  dislyke  his 
being  there  suspecting  him  to  be  a  priest  :  which  he  soon 
perceiving  made  show  of  preparing  himself  for  a  Journey 
into  Yorkshire  and  so  departed,  leaving  order  that  if 
Thorn  Wright  came  for  his  trunkes  they  should  be  de- 
livered to  him  which  about  some  fortnight  after  he  did 
receive. 

«'  He  was  as  they  of  the  house  described  him  a  tall 
man  with  a  Browne  hair  and  an  auborne  beard  was  in 
good  Clothes  and  full  of  money  and  whyle  he  laye  there 

1  fly  from  the  acquaintance  of  all  the  Gentlemen  that 

*  See  ante,  pp.  99.  173. 


lay  in  the  house  conversing  only  with  those  above  named 
and  their  companions  when  they  came  to  him."  * 

On  the  morning  of  the  6th  of  November, 
Fawkes,  under  the  assumed  name  of  John  John- 
son, was  examined  for  the  second  time  before  the 
Lords  of  the  Council  at  the  Tower.  This  exam- 
ination does  not  appear  to  have  been  read  at  the 
trial,  and  as  it  has  not  been  published,  is  but 
little  known.  I  give  it  here  in  its  original  spell- 
ing :  — 

"  The  Examination  of  John  Johnsonne  the  6th  of 

November  1605  before  twelve  of  the  clock  in 

the  morning. 

"  What  tyme  was  it  that  Mr.  Tho8.  Percye  gave  order 
for  the  making  of  a  mine  down  into  the  Cellar  where  the 
powder  was  ? 

"  He  saj'the  about  the  middle  of  Lent  his  master  gave 
order  to  make  a  mine  into  the  Cellar  that  he  might  have 
a  narrow  way  out  of  his  own  house  into  the  Cellar. 

"  How  long  was  the  Powder  in  the  Cellar  before  that 
tyme? 

"  He  saith  there  was  no  powder  in  the  Cellar  at  that 
tyme  but  that  it  laye  in  his  Master's  own  house. 

"  How  long  after  the  mine  was  made  was  the  powder 
carried  out  of  his  master's  house  ? 

"  He  saith  some  three  or  four  days  after. 

"  Who  helped  you  to  bring  the  powder  out  of  the 
house  into  the  Cellar  ? 

"  He  saith  he  did  it  himself. 

"  Whether  did  you  remove  it  in  Barrells  or  otherwise  ? 

"  He  saith  in  Barrells. 

"  In  what  place  did  it  lye  in  the  house? 

"  He  saith  in  a  lowe  Room. 

"  He  confesseth  he  made  a  frock  like  a  Carter  to  wear 
over  his  apparrell. 

"  He  confesseth  he  hath  been  a  recusant  about  these 
xx  years. 

"  Being  demanded  where  he  laj'e  on  Wednesday  at 
night  last, 

"  He  answeretli  he  hath  forgotten. 

"  Being  demanded  where  he  laye  on  Thursday  at  night  ? 

"  He  saith  he  hath  forg-otten. 

"  Being  demanded  where  he  laye  uppon  Friday  and 
Saturday  ? 

"  He  answereth  he  knows  not. 

"  Being  demanded  when  he  had  gotten  the  Brewer's 
slings  and  for  what  purpose  he  had  them  there  (in  the 
cellar)  ? 

"  He  answereth  he  did  not  use  the  slings  to  bring  in 
the  Powder  but  to  remove  it. 

"  Being  demanded  whether  he  thinks  if  his  Master  Mr. 
Thomas  Percy  had  been  acquainted  with  the  Plot  he 
would  have  suffered  the  E.  of  Northumberland  to  have 
perished  ? 

"  He  saith  He  thinketb.  his  Master  would  have  been 
loath  to  have  done  him  hurt  by  saying  he  was  bound 
unto  him. 

"  Whether  do  you  know  one  Griffin  that  liveth  over 
against  Shorebridge  (?)  or  thereabouts? 

"  Ho  saith  He  neither  knows  him  or  ever  was  in  his 
house. 

"  What  letters  have  beene  directed  to  you  of  late  from 
beyonde  the  seas  ? 

"  He  answereth  None. 

"  When  you  were  beyonde  the  seas  what  speech  had 
you  with  Sir  Edmonde  Baynham  and  Sir  Wm.  Cobb. 

"  He  answereth  He  saw  them  not. 


Domestic  Series,  James  I,"  vol.  xvi.  No.  25. 


278 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  APRIL  14.  'GO. 


"  Who  helped  you  to  remove  the  Barrells  of  Powder 
seeing  you  were  not  able  to  remove  them  alone  with  the 
slings  with  which  you  confesseth  you.  did  remove  them  ? 

"  He  answereth  'He  cannot  discover  the  party  but  he 
shall  bring  him  in  question. 

"  With  whom  did  you  leave  the  key  of  the  Cellar  in 
your  absence  when  your  Mr.  caused  the  Billetts  to  be 
layed  in  in  the  Cellar? 

"  He  answereth  he  left  the  keye  with  his  Master. 

"  When  you  were  over  in  the  Lowe  Countries  whether 
had  you  conference  with  one  Mr.  Hugh  Owen  or  no? 

"  He  answereth  He  had  none  but  ordinary  Salutation 
•when  he  found  him  in  other  Company. 

"  John  Johnson. 

"  Being  demanded  whether  the  Billetts  that  were  laid 
into  the  Cellar  were  laid  in  before  the  Powder  or  after 
He  saith  that  part  were  laid  in  before  and  part  after  and 
that  those  as  were  laid  in  before  the  powder  were  laid 
in  by  himself:  the  rest  were  laid  in  when  he  was  absent 
in  the  Lowe  Countries  which  was  between  Easter  and 
September. 

"  Being  asked  where  he  lighted  when  he  came  out  of 
the  Country  and  when  ? 

"  He  saith  He  lighted  at  the  Chequer  in  Holborn 
upon  Saturday  last  in  the  day  light  towards  night. 

"Being  demanded  upon  his  sowle  as  there  had  been 
some  which  must  have  brought  this  Realme  to  be  sub- 
dued by  some  foreign  prince  of  what  foreign  prince  he 
and  his  companions  would  have  wished  to  have  been 
governed  one  more  than  another? 

"  He  doth  protest  upon  his  sowle  that  neither  he  nor 
any  other  with  whom  he  had  conferred  would  have 
spared  the  last  drop  of  their  Blood  to  have  resisted  any 
foreign  princes  whatever. 

"  John  Johnson. 

"  Notingham.    Suffolk.    Devonshire. 
H.  Northampton. 
Salisbury." 

On  the  fly-leaf  of  this  Examination  are  these 
words  in  Coke's  handwriting  :  — 

*'  You  would  have  me  discover  my  friends. 

"  The  Giving  warning  to  one  overthrew  us  all."  * 

This  examination  was  taken,  as  the  endorse- 
ment expresses  it,  "  before  twelve  of  the  Clocke 
in  ye  morning."  James  then  issued  his  warrant 
for  the  application  of  the  torture,  written  en- 
tirely in  his  own  handwriting,  and  annexed  to  it 
a  series  of  questions  to  be  answered  by  Fawkes. 
The  warrant  apparently  was  issued  about  noon  of 
the  6th  of  November,  and  in  the  afternoon  of  the 
same  day  the  following  "  answers"  were  returned 
to  it.  The  Interrogatories  will  be  found  in  "N. 
&  Q."  (2nd  S.  viii.  369.)  ^  The  figures  in  the 
Answers  refer  to  the  questions  contained  in  the 
warrant. 

"  To  the  1st  he  sayth  his  name  is  John  Johnsonne. 

2.  he  was  borne  in  Yorkshire  in  Netherdale. 

3.  his  fathers  name   was  Tho.   Johnson  bis  mothers 
Edith  daughter  of  one  Jacksonne. 

4.  his  age  xxxvi  years. 

5.  he  hath  liued  in  Yorkshire  first  at  schoole  ther  and 
then  to  Cambridge  and  after  in  sundrye  other  places. 

6.  his  maintenaunce  was  by  a  farme  of  xxx1  per  ann. 

7.  his  skarrs  came  by  the  healing  of  a  pleurasye. 

8.  he  neur  serued  any  before  he  serued  Mr.  Tho.  Percie. 


Gunpowder-Plot  Book,"  No.  1C.  A. 


9.  he  procured  }Mr.  Percies  service  only  by  his  owne 
means,  being  a  Yorkshireman  about  Easter  was  twel- 
month. 

10.  his  Mr.  hyred  the  house  about  Midsumr.  was  twel- 
month. 

11.  Aboute  the  Christmas  followinge  he  began  to  bring 
in  the  Gunpowder. 

12.  He  did  learne  to  speake  frenshe  first  here  in  Eng- 
land and  increased  yt  at  his  last  being  beyond  the  seas. 

13.  The  letter  that  was  founde  about  him  was  from  a 
Gentlewoman  maryed  to  an  Englishman  called  Bostock 
in  Flanders. 

14.  The  reason  why  she  calleth  him  by  another  name 
was  bycause  he  called  himself  Faukes. 

15.  He  sayth  he  was  brought  upp  a  Catholique  by  his 
parents. 

16.  He  was  eur  a  Catholique  and  neur  converted. 
That  he  went  out  from  Dover  amongst  strangers  and 

there  landed  againe  at  his  retorne. 

"  Jhon  Jhonsone." 

(Endorsed)  "  6th  November,  1605. 

"  The  Examination  of  Johnson 
to  ye  k.'s  Articles,  in  the 
Afternoon.* 

This  was  the  last  examination  Fawkes  signed 
under  the  alias  of  Johnson. 

The  letter  alluded  to  as  found  on  his  person, 
and  addressed  to  him  by  the  name  of  Fawkes, 
was  in  reality  from  Ann  Vaux,  and  contained 
certain  expressions  which  ultimately  gave  rise  to 
great  suspicion  against  the  writer,  who  under- 
went a  long  examination  on  the  subject.  The 
material  part  has  been  preserved  in  a  quaint 
note  of  Sir  Edward  Coke,  and  was  as  follows  :  — 

"  Fast  and  praye  that  the  ppose  may  come  to  pass  and 
then  Totnam  shall  be  turned  French."  f 

Amongst  the  many  other  letters  sent  to  Sails 
bury   concerning  the  Gunpowder  Plot,  are  tw( 
written  by  persons  whose  names   are  probably 
better  known  now  than  they  were  in  1605 — T 
Jonson  and  Francis  Bacon.     Jonson's  letter 
been  already  published. 

Bacon  with  his  letter  sends  also  the  following 
Examination  :  — 

"  Yt  may  please  yor  Ip 
"  I  send  an  Examinacon  of  one  was  brought  to  me  by 
the  prmcipall  and  ancients  of  Staple  Inn  concerning  t" 
words  of  one  Beard  suspected  for  a  Papist  and  practiz 
being  generall  words  but  badd  and  I  thought  not  g 
to  neglect  any  thing  at  such  a  tyme ;  So  with  sif  ' 
tion  of  humble  dewty  I  remayn 

"  Atvor  Is  hon.  comts 

"  Most  humbly, 

«  F.  Bacon. 
"  Enclosing 

"  The  exam  of  J.  Drake  servant  to  Tho.  Reynoll 
shoemaker  dwelling  in  Holborn  near 
Inn  Gate  Yard  taken  this  6th  of  November 
1605. 

"  He  saith  that  the  morning  of  this  present  day  he  re- 
payred  to  the  lodging  of  one  Mr.  Beard  in  the  house  o" 
one  Gibson  in  Fetter  Lane  and  against  the  new  Churcl 
Yard  to  take  measure  for  new  Boots  and  it  was  in  the 


*  "  Gunpowder-Plot  Book,"  No.  19. 

t  "  Domestic  Series,  James  I.,  vol.  xvi.  p.  7. 


2«>d  S.  IX.  APRIL  14.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


279 


morning  about  seven  of  the  Clock  and  fynding  him  a 
bedd  Mr.  Beard  asked  him  whether  they  were  watching 
and  warding  abroad,  to  which  this  examinate  sayd  that 
the  nyght  before  there  was  much  watching  and  searching 
for  papists  and  recusants  and  named  one  Percy. 

"  And  this  Examinate  sayd  further  that  it  was  the 
most  heynous  treason  that  euer  was  wch  was  intended, 
to  which  the  said  Beard  sayd  It  had  bene  braiue  sport  if 
it  had  gone  forwards,  and  this  speech  he  spake  as  mut- 
tering to  himself,  so  as  the  last  words  were  scarce  heard, 
and  not  in  any  laughing  or  jesting  manner. 

"  The  sayd  Reynolds  being  present  at  this  examn  saith 
that  he  hath  served  the  said  Beard  of  Boots  these  two 
years  space  and  that  he  used  to  lodge  at  Mr.  Myers  house 
at  the  upper  end  of  St.  Johns  street  who  is  reported  to 
be  a  Recusant  and  to  bring  up  recusant  Children  which 
are  there  to  learn  but  removed  to  Gibsons  howse  about 
half  a  year  gone. 

«  John  Drake. 
"  The  mark  x  of  T.  Reynolds. 

"  Ex  per  F.  Bacon."  * 

w.  o.  w. 


MOTTOES  ON  SUN-DIALS. 

Many  hundred  persons  now  living  must  re- 
member the  vertical  sun-dial  with  a  very  remark- 
able motto,  on  the  front  of  a  building  at  the 
Temple  in  London.  But  most  of  them  probably 
never  heard  of  the  curious  tradition,  probably  a 
true  one,  respecting  the  motto.  When,  a  few 
years  ago,  the  building  was  taken  down  and  re- 
built, it  is  likely  the  Benchers  were  either  ignor- 
ant of  the  tradition,  or  had  forgotten  it,  else  they 
would  probably  have  restored  the  sun-dial  with 
its  motto.  Perhaps  they  may  even  yet  be  induced 
to  do  so. 

The  tradition  is  this :  —  That  when  the  sun- 
dial was  put  up,  the  artist  inquired  whether  he 
should  (as  was  customary)  paint  a  motto  under  it  ? 
The  Benchers  assented ;  and  appointed  him  to 
call  at  the  library  at  a  certain  day  and  hour,  at 
which  time  they  would  have  agreed  upon  the  motto. 
It  appears,  however,  that  they  had  totally  forgotten 
this  ;  and  when  the  artist  or  his  messenger  called 
at  the  library  at  the  time  appointed,  he  found  no 
one  but  a  cross-looking  old  gentleman  poring  over 
some  musty  book.  "  Please,  Sir,  I  am  come  for 
the  motto  for  the  sun-dial."  "What  do  you 
want  ? "  was  the  pettish  answer ;  "  why  do  you 
disturb  me?"  "Please,  Sir,  the  gentleman  told 
me  I  was  to  call  at  this  hour  for  a  motto  for  the 
sun-dial."  "Begone  about  your  business!"  was 
the  testy  reply.  The  man,  either  by  design  or  by 
mistake,  chose  to  take  this  as  the  answer  to  his 
inquiry,  and,  accordingly,  painted  in  large  letters 
under  the  dial — "BEGONE  ABOUT  YOUR  BUSINESS." 

The  Benchers  when  they  saw  it  decided  that  it 
was  very  appropriate,  and  that  they  would  let  it 
stand — chance  having  done  their  work  for  them 
as  well  as  they  could  have  done  it  for  themselves. 

Anything  that  reminds  us  of  the  lapse  of  time 

*  "  Domestic  Series,  James  I.,"  vol.  xvi.  No.  29. 


should  remind  us  also  of  the  right  employment  of 
time  in  doing  whatever  business  is  required  to  be 
done. 

A  similar  lesson  is  solemnly  conveyed  in  the 
Scripture-motto  to  a  sun-dial :  "  The  night  cometh 
when  no  man  can  work." 

Another  useful  lesson  is  conveyed  in  the  motto 
to  a  sun-dial  erected  by  the  late  Bishop  Copleston 
in  a  village  near  which  he  resided  :  "  Let  not  the 
sun  go  down  upon  your  wrath." 

Sometimes  the  unlearned  are  puzzled  to  under- 
stand the  meaning  of  mottoes,  especially  when  ex- 
pressed in  the  learned  languages.  A  person  (who, 
by  the  bye,  was  not  ignorant  of  Latin^)  was  at  a 
loss  to  understand  the  meaning  of  a  motto  which 
he  had  seen  on  a  sun-dial,  "  Septem  sine  horis." 
The  signification  doubtless  is,  that  there  are  in 
the  longest  day  seven  hours  (and  a  trifle  over) 
during  which  the  sun-dial  is  useless. 

There  is  a  sun-dial  at  one  of  the  colleges  in 
Oxford  with  the  motto,  "  Pereunt  et  imputan- 
tur ;"  signifying  that  we  shall  be  accountable  for 
the  moments  that  are  passing  away.  Once,  when 
a  party  of  strangers  were  visiting  the  curiosities 
of  Oxford,  a  lady  of  the  company  asked  one  of  the 
gentlemen  (as  gentlemen  are  always  by  courtesy 
supposed  by  ladies  to  understand  Latin)  to  inter- 
pret the  motto  for  her.  He  replied  that  it  signi- 
fied that,  "  They  perish  and  are  not  thought  of!  " 

ANON. 


CURIOUS  DISCOVERY.  —  I  send  the  enclosed 
cutting  from  the  Morning  Chronicle  of  the  24th 
March,  thinking  that  such  a  discovery  (if  true)" 
must  be  interesting  to  your  readers :  — r- 

"  Some  workmen,  last  week,  who  were  employed  on  the 
estate  of  John  de  Montmorency,  Esq.,  of  Knockleer  Castle, 
county  Kildare,  were  engaged  in  removing  the  remains 
of  an  old  castle  in  the  demesne,  when  they  came  upon  a 
walled  chamber,  containing  the  skeleton  of  a  man  in  per- 
fect preservation,  in  a  recumbent  position.  In  his  hand 
was  a  sword  with  a  handsome  jewelled  hilt,  and  beside 
him  was  a  breastplate  and  helmet,  together  with  a 
drinking  cup.  A  box  was  found  near  him  containing 
some  coins  of  the  reign  of  King  John,  a  small  cross,  and 
some  parchment  papers  with  writing  upon  them,  which 
has  not  yet  been  deciphered.  The  whole  has  been  tem- 
porarily removed  to  the  residence  of  Michael  Walshe, 
Esq.,  Newtown-house,  county  Kildare,  who  has  devoted 
much  time  and  attention  to  antiquarian  pursuits,  and 
who  has  kindly  offered  to  show  these  interesting  relics  to 
any  who  may  wish  to  examine  them. — Carlow  Sentinel" 

ANON. 

BIOGRAPHICAL  NOTES  FROM  DUGARD'S  REGIS- 
TER OF  MERCHANT  TAYLORS'  SCHOOL.  —  I  subjoin 
a  few  more  extracts  of  names  which  may  be  of  in- 
terest to  your  readers  :  — 

1.  Joseph  Frost,  3rd  son  of  Gualter  Frost,  gent., 
born  at  Cambridge  in  the  parish  of  S.  Andrew, 
18  March,  1629  ;  admitted  8  July,  1644. 


280 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  APRIL  14.  '60. 


(Gualter  Frost  was  secretary  to  Oliver  Crom- 
well's Council  of  State.) 

2.  John  Hall,  only  son  of  the  Rev.  John  Hall, 
M.A.,  minister  of  Bromsgrove,  co.  Wore.,  born  at 
Bromsgrove   29  Jan.    1633  ;    admitted  20  June, 
1644. 

(He  was  afterwards  Bishop  of  Bristol.) 

3.  Thomas  Viner,  2nd   son  of  William  Viner, 
gent.,  born  at  Warwick  27  June,  1629  ;  admitted 
16  August,  1644. 

(Afterwards  Canon  of  Windsor,  Dean  of  Glou- 
cester, &c.) 

4.  Edward  Swinglchurst,  eldest  son  of  Richard 
Swinglehurst,  secretary  to  the  Company  of  Lon- 
don Merchants  tradhig  to  the  East  Indies,  born  in 
parish  of  S.  Martin's  Outwich,  London,  2  June, 
1632  ;  admitted  7  Jan.  1644. 

5.  Philip  Constantine,  eldest  son  of  Philip  Con- 
stantine,  gent.,  born  in  parish  of  S,  Katherine  Cree 
Church,   London,   22    Sept.   1631  ;  admitted   14 
April,  1645. 

6.  James  Calamy,  3rd  son  of  Edmund  Calamy, 
B.D.  and  rector  of  Aldermanbury,  London,  born 
there  1652  ;  admitted  4  Nov.  1661. 

7.  William  Sclater,  only  son  of  Will.  Sclater, 
B.D.  and  rector  of  S.  Peter  Poor,  London,  born 
at  Exeter,  22  Nov.   1638  ;  admitted   12  March, 
1650.  C.  J.  ROBINSON. 

NAPOLEON  I.  :  HIS  TESTIMONY  TO  THE  DIVI- 
NITY or  CHRIST.  —  The  following  statement  is  to 
be  found  at  p.  171.  of  Arvine's  Cyclopedia  of  Moral 
and  Religious  Anecdotes,  but  without  reference  to 
any  authority.  I  should  like  to  be  informed 
whether  it  rests  on  any  respectable  foundation :  — 

" '  I  know  men,'  said  Napoleon  at  St.  Helena  to  Count 
*de  Montholon,  « 1  know  men,  and  I  tell  you  that  Jesus 
is  not  a  man !  The  religion  of  Christ  is  a  mystery  which 
subsists  by  its  own  force,  and  proceeds  from  a  mind  which 
is  not  a  human  mind.  We  find  in  it  a  marked  indivi- 
dualit}',  which  originated  a  train  of  words  and  actions 
unknown  before.  Jesus  is  not  a  philosopher,  for  his  proofs 
are  miracles,  and  from  the  first  his  disciples  adored  him. 
Alexander,  Caesar,  Charlemagne,  and  myself  founded 
empires ;  but  on  what  foundation  did  we  rest  the  crea- 
tures of  our  genius?  Upon  force.  But  Jesus  Christ 
founded  an  empire  upon  Love;  and  at  this  hour,  millions 
of  men  would  die  for  Him.  I  die  before  my  time,  and 
my  body  -will  be  given  back  to  the  earth,  to  become  food 
for  worms.  Such  is  the  fate  of  him  who  has  been  called 
the  Great  Napoleon.  What  an  abyss  between  my  deep 
misery  and  the  eternal  kingdom  of  Christ,  which  is 
proclaimed,  loved,  adored,  and  is  still  extending  over 
the  whole  earth ! '  Then,  turning  to  General  Bertrand, 
the  emperor  added, '  If  you  do  not  perceive  that  Jesus 
Christ  is  God,  I  did  wrong  in  appointing  you  a  gene- 
ral.' " 

J.  H. 

APOLLO  BELVEDERE  STATUETTE.  —  While  pay- 
ing a  visit  to  the  Museum  of  Avignon  a  short 
time  back,  I  noticed  among  the  Roman  antiquities 
a  well-preserved  bronze  statuette  of  the  Apollo 
Belvedere.  Unlike  that  of  the  Vatican,  however, 
the  right  fore  arm  touches  the  side  and  hip. 


There  may  be  other  minor  differences,  but  I,  hav- 
ing only  my  memory  to  guide  me,  did  not  notice 
them.  The  small  scale  of  the  figure,  which  is  not, 
I  should  think,  more  than  six  inches  high,  would 
cause  any  slight  dissimilarities  to  be  easily  over- 
looked. The  highest  authorities  have  agreed  in 
condemning  Montorsoli's  restoration  of  the  Apollo, 
without  being  able,  so  far  as  I  know,  to  show 
how  it  should  have  been  restored.  May  not  this 
statuette  throw  a  light  on  the  matter  ?  I  forward 
this  Note  in  the  hopes  that  some  of  your  readers, 
better  judges  of  such  things  than  I,  may  have 
noticed  the  figure  to  which  I  refer;  or  if  not,  that 
they  may  do  so  at  the  next  opportunity,  as  I 
cannot  but  think  that  a  good  sketch  or  scientific 
description  of  it  would  be  interesting  to  the  artist- 
world.  S. 

BREAKNECK  STEPS. — In  Lord  Macaulay's  ar- 
ticle on  Oliver  Goldsmith,  in  the  new  edition  cf 
the  Encyclopedia  Britannica,  we  are  told  that 
"  Goldsmith  took  a  garret  in  a  miserable  court,  to 
which  he  had  to  climb  from  the  brink  of  Fleet 
Ditch  by  a  dizzy  ladder  of  flagstones  called 
Breakneck  Steps.  The  court  and  the  ascent  have 
long  disappeared;  but  old  Londoners  well  re- 
member both."  The  court  and  the  ascent  are  still 
there,  at  the  end  of  Old  Bailey,  opposite  the  prison, 
and  the  place  is  still  called  by  the  same  name, 
"  Breakneck  Steps."  J.  E.  J. 


DIBDIN'S  SONGS. 

If  S.  H.  M.  (2nd  S.  ix.  273.)  be  right  as  to  what 
he  terms  "  the  so-called  sea-songs  of  Dibdin,"  in 
saying  they  never  "were  generally  accepted  by 
sailors,"  and  "  abound  in  nautical  blunders  and 
absurdities,"  I  should  wish  him  to  account  for 
some  facts  connected  with  these  songs,  and  sug- 
gest the  following  Queries  :  — 

1.  Why  did  Mr.  Pitt  encourage  Dibdin  to  go 
among  the  sailors  during  the  mutiny  at  the  Nore? 

2.  Why  did  George  III.  give  Dibdin  a  pension? 

3.  Why  has  our  beloved  Queen  (as  I  am  told) 
granted  a  pension  to  his  daughter  ? 

4.  Why  did  Lord  Minto  patronise  an  edition  of 
the  songs  for  the  use  of  the  Navy  ? 

5.  Why  was  a  bust  of  Dibdin  erected  at  Green- 
wich Hospital  by  Admiral  Sir  Joseph  Yorke 
others  ? 

6.  Why  do  old  sailors  often  quote  "  Poor  Jack,'' 
"  Tom  Bowling,"  &c.,  with  enthusiasm? 

As  to  the  "nautical  blunders,"  &c.,  I  am  no 
judge  of  sea-slang  (nor  indeed  of  any  other),  but 
I  would  suggest  that  if  S.  H,  M.  would  point  out 
the  errors  he  speaks  of,  his  emendations  might  be 
added  in  the  form  of  foot-notes  to  future  editions 
of  Dibdin's  Songs,  which  I  doubt  not  the  public 
will  continue  to  buy. 


r-d  S.  IX.  AFUIL  14.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


281 


I  cannot  say  I  have  been  a  diligent  student  of  | 
Dibdin's  songs,  though  I  am  a  very  near  kinsman  j 
to  him  ;  but  I  have  always  been  a  lover  of  justice  | 
and  truth,  the  claims  of  which  have  hardly  been 
extended  by   S.  H.  M.  to  these  "  so-called  sea- 
I  need  say  nothing  of  the  implied  censure 


son^s. 


upon  all  those  who  have  ventured  to  think  differ- 
ently as  to  their  merits.  FAIRPLAT. 


RAPER.—  Can  anybody  tell  me  anything  ^re-  j 
specting  M.  Raper  ?  Is'  he  known  as  an  editor  j 
or  commentator  on  Shnkspeare  ?  N.  B.  j 

R.  WILLIS.  —  Can  you  give  me  any  account  of  j 
the  author  of  Mount  Tabor,  or  Private  Exercises 
of  a  Penitent  Sinner,  by  R.  W.,  Esq.,  published  in  j 
the   yeare  of  his  age   seventy-five,   Anno  Dom.  j 
1639,  12mo.  ?*    In  the  catalogue  of  the  library  of 
Dr.  Bliss,  the  author  is  said  to  be  R.  Willis. 

R.  INGLIS. 

HERALDIC.  —  Can  I  be  informed  through  "  IT. 
&  Q."  of  the  following  arms  on  a  tomb  in  Exeter 
Cathedral?  viz.  three  bars  between  ten  bells  — 
four,  three,  two,  and  one.  ANON. 

THE  TRAGIC  POET.  — 

"  When  the  tragic  poet  drew  the  revengeful  elder  bro- 
ther pursuing  the  j^ounger  from  youth  to  old  age,  dis- 
covering him  through  his  disguise,  and,  about  to  put  him 
to  death,  setting  out  in  a  long  speech  the  signs  by  which 
he  knew  him,  it  was  a  great  stroke  of  art  to  make  the 
younger  brother  reply  briefly :  *  And  I  knew  you  by  our 
family  wickedness.' "  —  Preface  to  The  Cid,  translated 
from  the  French  of  M.  Corneille,  by  T.  H.,  Gent. :  London, 
1704. 

Who  is  the  poet  ?     And  what  is  the  tragedy  ? 

REV.  GEORGE  WATSON  (2ud  S.  viii.  396.)— Can 
any  of  your  readers  give  me  any  information  con- 
cerning the  birth,  parentage,  and  early  education 
of  the  Rev.  George  Watson,  before  he  became  a 
Fellow  of  University  College,  Oxford  ?  I  cannot 
find  his  name  in  any  biographical  work  that  I 
have  consulted.  His  life  was  short ;  but  his  writ- 
ings, as  both  Mr.  Jones  and  Bishop  Home  state, 
were  extraordinary  for  taste  or  classical  literature, 
and  all  works  of  genius,  and  for  a  deep  knowledge 
of  the  inspired  writings,  &c.,  &c.  My  inquiry  re- 
specting his  works  has  been  satisfactorily  answered, 
and  is  another  proof  of  the  value  of  obtaining  in- 
formation through  the  medium  of  "  N.  &  Q." 

J.  M.  GUTCH. 

Worcester. 

"JACK."  — Can  you  or  any  of  your  numerous 
readers  explain  the  origin  of  the  above  term  as 
applied  to  a  flag;  as,  hoist  the  "Jack?"  Why 

G.  B. 

'*  See  Shakspeare's  Plays,  by  Malone  and   Boswell, 
S21,  vol.  iii.  p.  28.,  for  a^long  extract  from  this  ex- 
tremely rare  and  curious  book.  —  ED.] 


JOSEPH  CLARKE.  —  Can  any  of  your  correspon- 
dents in  Hull  give  me  any  biographical  particu- 
lars regarding  Joseph  Clarke,  Esq.,  an  eminent 
literary  antiquary  of  that  town  ?  I  am  not  certain 
of  the  date  of  Mr.  Clarke's  death,  but  I  think  it 
must  have  been  within  the  last  thirty  years. 

R.  INGLIS. 

CORNWAL  FAMILY.  —  Can  any  correspondent 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  say  what  was  the  maiden  surname 
and  paternal  residence  of  Elizabeth,  the  wife  of 
Humphrey  Cornwal  of  the  city  of  London,  Salter  ? 
She  died  in  1711,  and  was  buried  at  Waltham 
St.  Lawrence,  Berks:  or  give  any  information 
about  Thomas,  their  eldest  son  ?  he  was  born  in 
1684.  On  Mr.  Humphrey  Cornwal's  grave  with 
the  arms  of  Cornwal  (erm.  a  lion  rampant  re- 
gardant gu.  crowned  or,  within  a  border  sa.  be- 
z  an  tee) ;  on  the  sinister  side  of  the  shield  are 
quartered  a  bend  between  three  roundels,  colours 
not  shown.  R.  WARD. 

CATTLE  TOLL  AT  CHETWODE. —  In  Chetwode, 
co.  Bucks,  the  lord  of  the  manor  exercises  a  sin- 
gular privilege  of  taking  toll  at  the  rate  of  2s. 
per  score  of  all  cattle  driven  through  the  parish  of 
Chetwode  and  several  of  the  adjoining  parishes 
between  the  30th  of  November  and  the  7th  of 
November  annually. 

Tradition  relates  that  this  privilege  was  be- 
stowed on  an  ancestor  of  the  family  in  recom- 
pense for  his  having  killed. a  wild  boar.  Can  any 
of  your  readers  throw  light  upon  this,  or  mention 
similar  customs  ?  BUCKS. 

BERTHOLD'S  POLITICAL  HANDKERCHIEF. — Can 
any  of  your  readers  inform  me  how  many  num- 
bers were  published  of  Berthold's  Political  Hand- 
kerchief, a  weekly  sheet  of  which  at  least  three 
numbers  (I  have  the  third)  appeared  in  or  about 
September,  1831.  It  was  printed  on  calico  to 
evade  the  paper  duty.  G.  M.  G. 

"  His  PEOPLE'S  GOOD,"  ETC.  — 
"  His  people's  good  before  his  eyes, 

The  pious  Emperor,  mild  and  wise, 

Health  of  their  souls  and  bodies  studying, 

Dragooned  the  dealers  in  black-pudding ; 

Put  salt  and  cowich  in  their  beds, 

And  scourged  their  backs  and  shaved  their  heads, 

Confiscated  their  goods,  and  sent 

Them  to  perpetual  banishment." 

From  Allantapolides,  a  Sequel  to  the  Oxford 
Sausage,  London,  1778,  pp.  16. 

Does  the  above  relate  to  fact  or  fiction  ?     E.  C. 

PORTRAIT  OF  SIR  HENRY  MORGAN,  THE  BUC- 
CANEER. —  In  the  account  of  Jamaica  by  Charles 
Lesley,  published  at  Edinburgh  in  1740,  is  the 
following  passage  :  — 

"  I  have  seen  here,"  viz.  in  Jamaica,  "  a  curious  pic- 
ture of  Sir  Henry,  done  at  his  own  desire ;  he  is  drawn  at 
length,  and  there  appears  something  so  awful  and  ma- 
jestic in  his  countenance,  that  I'm  persuaded  none  can 


282 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  - 


S.  IX.  APRIL  14.  'CO. 


look  upon  it  without  a  kind  of  veneration.  As  he  was 
only  at  first  a  servant  to  a  planter  in  Barbadoes,  and 
tho'  that  state  of  life  is  the  meanest  and  the  most  dis- 
graceful which  a  white  man  can  be  in,  yet  he  never  dis- 
owned the  fact,  yea  so  far  to  the  contrary,  that  the  chain 
and  pothooks  are  painted  by  his  own  order  in  the/picture 
I  spoke  of  just  now." 

Now  this  portrait,  if  not  destroyed  by  fire  or 
otherwise,  seems  so  capable  of  identification,  that 
I  trust  some  of  your  readers  may  be  able  to 
favour  me  with  a  clue  to  its  discovery%  C.  E.  L. 

"THE  SIEGE  OF  MALTA."  —  Who  is  author  of 
this  tragedy,  published  by  Murray,  London,  1823  ? 

K.  INGLIS. 

MILTON'S  AUTOGRAPH  (2nd  S.  v.  115.)— Will 
LEODIENSIS  do  me  the  favour  to  send  to  Mr. 
Henry  Wright,  8.  Little  Ryder  Street,  Picca- 
dilly, London,  S.W.,  a  careful  tracing  of  each  of 
the  signatures  in  his  book,  together  with  a  brief 
description  and  history  of  the  book  ?  D.  D. 

"  IL  SFORTUNATO  FORTUNATO."  — 
"  77  Sfortunato  Fortunate,  translated  from  the  Spanish 
of  Malagon,  has  just  been  put  upon  the  stage,  and  is  very 
popular.  To  a  Protestant  the  mixture  of  low  jokes  with 
a  sacred  subject  is  offensive ;  but  the  audience  is  pleased 
and  respectful.  The  hero  is  Pontius  Pilate,  who  is  con- 
verted to  Christianity  in  the  last  act,  and  before  killing 
himself  gives  some  ingenious  theological  reason  why  he 
should  do  so."  (Letter  dated  Naples,  Jan.  10.  1789.)— 
Letters  written  in  Italy  and  Switzerland.  London,  1790. 
8vo.,  pp.  308. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  help  me  to  an  account 
of  the  play  or  its  author,  who  is  not  mentioned  by 
Ticknor  or  Schack  ?  E.  C. 

TART  HALL,  ETC.  —  What  can  have  been  the 
origin  of  the  name  of"  Tart  Hall  ?  "  and  why  did 
Lady  Arundel  keep  house  there  in  her  husband's 
lifetime.  Walpole  always  uses  the  name  Tart 
Hall.  Dallaway  says  that  that  is  the  vulgar  term 
for  Stafford  House. 

Whence,  too,  the  name  of  Burton's  Court,  near 
Chelsea  Hospital  ?  of  Homer's  Terrace,  and  .of 
Cook's  ground  ?  T.  H. 

ADMIRAL  JOHN  FISH.  —  Wanted,  any  informa- 
tion about  this  gentleman  with  such  a  very  ap- 
propriate name?  Did  he  marry?  If  so,  whom, 
when,  and  where  ?  His  death  is  recorded  in  the 
Gentleman's  Magazine  and  Naval  Biography,  but 
I  can  find  no  account  of  his  services. 

JOHN  RIBTON  GARSTIN. 

Dublin. 


THE  REPUBLIC  OF  BABINE.  —  Stated  in  the 
Annual  Register  for  1764  (p.  213.)  to  have  been 
instituted  at  the  Court  of  Sigismund  Augustus, 
by  Psomka  and  Peter  Cassovius.  Its  object  was 
to  put  proper  restraints  upon  conversation.  Can 
any  of  your  obliging  correspondents  inform  me 


where  I  can  obtain  farther  information  respecting 
this  remarkable  society  ?  G.  R. 

[There  is  a  very  extensive  lordship  near  Lublin  in  Po- 
land, which  has  been  long  in  possession  of  the  House  of 
Psomka;  the  eldest  branches  of  which  are  called  Lords  of 
Babine,  the  name  of  the  estate.  At  the  court  of  Sigis- 
mond  AUgustus,  a  gentleman  of  the  family  of  Psomka, 
in  concert  with  Peter  Cassovius,  Bailiff  of  Lubin,  formed 
a  society,  which  the  Polish  writers  call  the  Republic  of 
Babine,  and  which  the  Germans  denominate  the  Society 
of  Fools.  This  society  was  instituted  upon  the  model  of 
the  republic  of  Poland ;  it  had  its  king,  its  chancellor,  its 
councillors,  its  archbishops,  bishops,  judges,  and  other 
officers:  in  this  republic  Psomka  had  the  title  of  cap- 
tain, and  Cassovius  that  of  chancellor.  When  any  of  the 
members  did  or  said  anything  at  their  meetings  which 
was  unbecoming  or  ill-timed,  they  immediately  gave  him 
a  place  of  which  he  was  required  to  perform  the  duties 
till  another  was  appointed  in  his  stead ;  for  example,  if 
any  one  spoke  too  much,  so  as  to  engross  the  conversa- 
tion, he  was  appointed  orator  of  the  republic ;  if  he  spoke 
improperly,  occasion  was  taken  from  his  subject  to  ap- 
point him  a  suitable  employment;  if,  for  instance,  he 
talked  about  dogs,  he  was  made  master  of  the  buck- 
hounds;  if  he  boasted  of  his  courage,  he  was  made  a 
knight,  or,  perhaps,  a  field-marshal ;  and  if  he  expressed 
a  bigotted  zeal  for  any  speculative  opinion  in  religion, 
he  was  made  an  inquisitor.  The  offenders  being  thus 
distinguished  for  their  follies,  and  not  their  wisdom,  gave 
occasion  to  the  Germans  to  call  the  republic  The  Society 
of  Fools,  which,  though  a  satire  on  the  individuals,  was 
by  no  means  so  on  the  institution.  It  happened  that  the 
King  of  Poland  one  day  asked  Psomka  if  they  had 
chosen  a  king  in  their  republic  ?  To  which  he  replied, 
"  God  forbid  that  we  should  think  of  electing  a  king 
while  your  Majesty  lives ;  your  Majesty  will  always  be 
King  of  Babine,  as  well  as  Poland."  The  king  was  not 
displeased  with  this  sally  of  humour,  and  inquired  farther 
to  what  extent  their  republic  reached?  "  Over  the  whole 
world,"  says  Psomka,  "  for  we  are  told  by  David,  that  all 
men  are  liars."  This  society  very  soon  increased  so  much 
that  there  was  scarce  any  person  at  court  who  was  not 
honoured  with  some  post  in  it,  and  its  chiefs  were  also  in 
high  favour  with  the  king.  The  view  of  this  society  was 
to  teach  the  young  nobility  a  propriety  of  behaviour,  and 
the  arts  of  conversation ;  and  it  was  a  fundamental  law 
that  no  slanderer  should  be  received  into  it.  The  regi- 
ment of  the  Calot,  which  was  some  years  since  established 
in  the  court  of  France,  is  very  similar  to  the  republic  of 
Babine.  —  Gent.  Mag.,  xxxiv.  111.,  1764.] 

THE  TRANSLATORS'  ADDRESS  IN  THE  BIBLE 
(2nd  S.  ix.  198.)  —  I  have  a  Folio  Bible  with  Beza's 
notes,  printed  at  Amsterdam  by  Joost  Broerst, 
dwelling  in  the  Fiji  Street  at  the  sign  of  the 
Printing  House,  which  contains  "  the  Address  of 
the  Translatours  to  the  Header."  The  date  is 
partly  effaced.  Is  this  edition  scarce  ?  I  have 
never  seen  a  description  of  it.  Information  will 
much  oblige,  GILBERT. 

[This  is  the  first  edition  of  a  series  of  English  Bibles 
with  the  text  of  our  present  version  (1G11),  having  the 
tables  arid  marginal  notes  of  the  Puritan  or  Genevan 
translation,  but  without  the  Dedication  to  Elizabeth, 
the  Preface  to  the  Reader,  and  the  Supputation  of  years. 
The  date  is  1642.  The  printer's  name  to.  the  Bible,  Joost 
Broerss,  and  to  the  New  Testament,  Joost  Broersz.  The 
title-pages  are  engraved  on  copper  plates.  My  series  are 
1642,  1649,  1672,  Amsterdam,  and  London,  1679,  1683> 


,2nd  s.  IX.  APRIL  14.  'GO.] 


1708,  and  1715.    The  edition  of  1642  is  not  noticed  by 
Dr.  Cotton.    It  is  scarce,  but  not  rare.  —  G.  OFFOB.] 

EDITIONS  OF  THE  PRAYER  BOOK  PRIOR  TO  1662 
(1st  S.  vii.  323.)  —  In  addition  to  those  named,  I 
have  a  copy  not  in  that  or  any  of  the  subsequent 
lists  of  "  N.  &  Q  ,"  viz.  "  The  Booke  of  Common 
Prayer,"  concluding  with  twenty-two  Godly 
Prayers,  imprinted  by  the  Deputies  of  Christo- 
pher Barker,  1588.  It  is  a  thin  edition,  small 
quarto,  bound  up  with  a  bible  of  1589,  and  with 
two  Concordances.  The  preface  to  these  have  the 
date  of  1578,  also  printed  by  Barker,  and  "The 
whole  Booke  of  Psalmes  by  Thomas  Sternhold, 
.John  Hopkins,  and  others,  with  apt  Notes  to  sing 
themwithall;"  printed  for  the  Assignees  of  Richard 
Day,  1588. 

As  in  the  Prayer  Book  of  1578  named  by  MR. 
LATHBURY  (1st  S.  viii.  319.),  the  word  priest  does 
not  once  occur  in  a  single  rubric,  but,  in  its  place, 
minister.  May  I  ask  if  it  is  a  rare  edition  ?  ANON. 

[MR.  OFFOR  informs  us  that  The  Booke  of  Common 
Prayer,  1588,  with  the  Geneva  Bible,  is  not  rare,  but  that 
a  perfect  copy  is  a  valuable  addition  to  an  ecclesiastical 
library.  Mr.  Stephens,  in  The  Book  of  Common  Prayer, 
with  Notes  Legal  and  Historical,  vol.  i.  p.  407.,  states, 
•that  "  The  Church  of  England,  in  the  last  Review  of  the 
Liturgy  (IG62),  inserted  the  word  'priest'  instead  of 
4  minister,'  which  was  in  Edward  VI. 's  Second  Book,  and 
in  Queen  Elizabeth's,  in  order  that  no  one  might  pretend 
to  pronounce  the  Absolution  but  one  in  priest's  orders."] 


DRUMMONDS  OF  COLQUHALZIE. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  84.) 

R.  S.  F.  is  kindly  thanked  for  the  extract  he 
furnished  in  "  N.  &  Q."  from  the  Perthshire  Cou- 
rier of  27th  October  last,  relative  to  the  Drum- 
monds  of  Colquhalzie,  though  it  throws  no  light  j 
on  the  main  question  of  connexion  with  the  Earl  I 
of  Perth  family.     As  R.  S.  F.  has  by  his  Note  [ 
manifested  an  interest  in  the  Query  by  the  cor-  | 
respondent  in  "  N".  &  Q."  who  inquired  about  the 
Colquhalzie  family,  perhaps  he  will  farther  oblige 
him  with  information,  or  put  him  in  the  way  of 
obtaining  it,  on  the  following  point :  — 

Which  of  the  Drummonds,  of  the  Perth,  or  Col- 
quhalzie, or  other  family,  married,  about  1720  or 
1725,  a  daughter  of  old  Lawrence  Oliphant  of 
Gask,  from  which  union  sprung  a  daughter,  who 
married  John  Macaulay  of  the  Ardincaple  house,  j 
who,  at  the  early  age  of  nineteen,  fell  by  the  side  I 
of  Colonel  Gardiner  at  Preston  in  1745  ? 

It  may  be   interesting  to  a  correspondent  of 
"X.  &  Q."   (MR.  J.  IRVING  of  Dumbarton)   to 
learn   that  the  bereaved  widow    (then  enceinte)  \ 
carried  her  dead  husband's  body  off  the  field  ;  and  , 
that  the  posthumous  child  was  the  late  Mr.  John  i 
Macaulay  of  Leven  Grove,  Dumbarton, — repre-  | 
sentative  of  Ardincaple  and  of  the  ancient  house  of  i 


Macaulay —  a  very  handsome  man,  and  father  of  a 
long  train  of  comely  daughters.  Many  years  ago, 
in  Edinburgh,  Mrs.  Smollett  of  Bonhill  told  the 
writer  of  this  Note  emphatically  that  one  of  them 
she  named  was  the  toast  of  the  county.  Burns, 
in  one  of  his  letters  to  the  father,  confirms  this  or 
as  much. 

The  Cardross  family,  from  whom  the  late  Lord 
Macaulay  was  descended,  was  on  the  other  hand 
remarkably  plain — the  daughters  being  of  sandy 
complexion,  "farnie  tickled,"  and  splay-footed, 
and  went  by  the  sobriquet  of  the  "  Macaulay 
Dumps,"  as  low  in  stature,  but  at  the  same  time 
intellectual,  and  of  blue-stocking  celebrity.  Their 
father,  the  minister,  was  addicted  to  whist-play- 
ing ;  and  sometimes  so  eager  at  it  as  to  be  hard 
to  draw  from  the  table  on  Saturday  nights  in 
time  to  prevent  desecration  of  the  Sabbath. 

The  arms  of  the  two  families  are  identical,  viz. 
a  dagger  in  a  hand  raised  as  if  to  strike  (I  speak 
from  recollection  only),  with  the  motto,  "  Dulce 
periculum,"  —  a  fact  which  goes  some  way  to  esta- 
blish a  connexion  more  or  less  distant. 

The  Macaulays  were  never  more  than  a  sept, 
not  clan,  as  assumed  by  MR.  IRVING  ;  but  I  shall 
look  with  much  interest  for  the  salient  points  in 
their  history  which  he  has  promised  us  in  an  early 
number  of  "  N.  &  Q."  I.  M.  A. 

Kennaquhair. 

SHAKSPEARE  MUSIC. 
(2nd  S.  viii.  285.) 

Some  additional  matter  regarding  music  to 
Shakspeare's  poetry  may  now  be  offered.  The 
serenade  in  the  Two  Gentlemen  of  Verona  ("Who 
is  Sylvia?")  has  had  music  put  to  it  by  Sir  H. 
Bishop,  but  only  in  pasticcio  fashion,  the  first 
movement  being  from  an  air  of  his  own,  and  the 
second  from  one  in  Midas ;  the  whole  arranged 
as  a  glee.  "Who  is  Sylvia?"  has  been  set  as  a 
song  by  William  Linley  ( Dramatic  Songs  of 
Shakspeare),  and  also  by  Richard  Leveridge, 
who,  in  1727,  published  a  collection  of  his  own 
compositions  in  two  small  volumes,  and  in  the 
first  of  these  volumes  (which  has  a  frontispiece 
by  Hogarth)  will  be  found  this  serenade.  It 
curiously  illustrates  the  manner  in  which  error 
makes  its  way,  that  a  music-publisher  of  our  own 
time  has  issued  an  arrangement  of  this  very  com- 
position of  Leveridge,  and  has  altogether  ignored 
poor  Richard,  by  assigning  his  melody  to  Dr. 
Arne.  It  should  be  more  generally  known  than 
it  is  that  R.  Leveridge  was  the  composer  of 
"  Black-eyed  Susan." 

"  It  was  a  Lover  and  his  Lass  "  (As  You  Like 
It)  will  be  found,  excellently  set,  as  a  solo,  in  Mr. 
ChappelFs  collection  of  old  English  music.  It 
has  also  been  set  by  R.  Stevens  as  a  glee,  by  Sir 
H.  Bishop  as  a  solo,  and  by  W.  Linley  as  a  duett 


284 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  APRIL  14. 


for  the  two  pages,  according  to  the  situation  in  the 
play. 

"  Sigh  no  more,  Ladies  "  (Much  Ado  about  No- 
thing) has  been  set  as  a  glee  by  E.  Stevens,  as  a 
song  by  W.  Linley,  with  the  burthen,  and  by  J. 
C.  Smith,  in  The  Fairies  (1754),  without  the  bur- 
then, being  sung  by  Master  Reinhold  in  the  cha- 
racter of  Oberon.  Dr.  Arne  has  also  set  it  to  be 
sung  by  Mr.  Beard  in  Much  Ado  about  Nothing. 
In  this  setting  (published  1740)  there  is  an  un- 
pleasing  change  of  the  burthen,  "  Hey  nonny, 
nonny,"  into  "  Hey  down  derry,"  with  "  bonny  " 
turned  into  "  merry"  for  the  rhyme. 

"  Orpheus  with  his  Lute  "  (King  Henry  the 
Eighth)  has  been  set  at  least  four  times  as  a  solo, 
and  by  Mr.  G.  Macfarren  as  a  four-part  piece. 

Respecting  these  words,  and  his  own  setting  of 
them,  Mr.  William  Linley  has  thus  written  :  — 

"  The  beautiful  words, '  Orpheus  with  his  Lute,'  were 
set  many  years  ago  by  the  Editor's  late  much-lamented 
father,  but  he  grieves  to  add  that  the  score  and  parts  of 
the  song  were  destroyed  when  Drury-lane  Theatre  was 
burnt  down,  and  he  has  not  the  slightest  vestige  of  it  re- 
maining, and  but  a  very  imperfect  recollection  even  of 
the  subject.  It  was  composed  for  the  late  Mrs.  Crouch. 
As  the  poetry  of  the  song  in  question  is  de- 
serving of  the  highest  efforts  of  a  musical  mind,  the 
author  is  particularly  disappointed  that  he  has  not  been 
able  to  find  a  setting  of  them  in  any  of  the  works  of  the 
old  English  masters.  He  has  taken  aU  the  pains  in  his 
power  with  them,  but  is  satisfied  he  has  not  done  them 
the  justice  they  deserve,  and  deeply  regrets  that  his 
father's  composition  cannot  so  much  more  effectively  fill 
the  space  in  this  volume."  —  Dramatic  Songs  of  Shaft- 
speare,  1816. 

Although  Mr.  Linley  had  not  met  with  com- 
positions to  these  words,  yet  two  at  least  had 
existed  long  before  the  time  of  his  writing.  One 
of  these  was  by  C.  J.  Smith,,  one  in  his  opera 
of  The  Fairies,  and  the  other  by  Dr.  Maurice 
Greene.  It  is  in  one  of  the  Dr.'s  little  collections, 
entitled  "A  Cantata  and  Four  English  Songs," 
published  in  1741.  ALFRED  ROFFE* 

Somers  Town. 


ENGLISH  ETYMOLOGIES. 
(2»d  S.  ix.  176.) 

1.  Jean,  pronounced  Jane.      Your  correspon- 
dent JAYDEE  is  perhaps  not  aware  that  the  female 
name  Jane  is  generally  so  written  in  Scotland. 

2.  Rumble.     This  I  have  heard  called  a  "  rumble 
tumble,"   and  I  always    thought   rumble  'to  be 
merely  an   abbreviation,  like   bus.     These   seats 
when,  as  formerly,  not  on  springs,  must  have  com- 
municated a  good  deal  of  motion  to  their  contents, 
animate  or  inanimate.   A  closed  boot  when  empty, 
the  carriage  being  in  motion,  makes  a  kind  of 
drumming  noise  :  in  a  small  way,  not  unlike  the 
rumbling  of  distant  thunder. 

While  on  the  subject  of  carriage  seats,  I  may 
perhaps    be    allowed    again    to    allude    to    the 


hammer,  or  hammock-cloth.  I  regret  that  your 
correspondent  Q.  (2nd  S.  viii.  539.)  should  think 
me  too  presumptuous ;  and,  no  doubt,  I  ought 
to  have  subjoined  "in  my  opinion"  to  "there 
can  be  no  doubt,"  &c.  Bailey  I  see  gives  a 
Saxon  derivation  to  hammock,  when  used  to 
denote  the  hanging  bed  of  a  sailor.  What  does 
this  Saxon  word  mean  ?  I  had  fancied  it  in  some 
way  taken  from  its  being  hooked  up  to  the  beams 
of  the  deck  above  :  Lat.  hamus,  French  hameqon. 
The  sailor's  hammock  itself  is  called  hamac  or 
branle  in  French;  hangematte  or  hangematte,  in 
German  ;  amaca  or  lette  pensile,  in  Italian ;  ha- 
maca,  Spanish — explained,  "  cama  suspendida  en 
el  ayre."  The  French  carters  use  the  word  branle 
for  a  small  oblong  frame  hung  down  below  the 
axle  of  the  carts  or  waggons  in  France  and  Ger- 
many, in  which  they  usually  put  fragile  things, 
and  which  their  dog  often  selects  as  easy  riding, 
by  comparison.  The  term  box,  as  applied  to  a 
driving  seat,  is  not,  I  apprehend,  taken  from  a 
chest,  whether  to  hold  hammers  or  anything  else. 
Germany  seems  to  be  the  fatherland  of  carriages, 
whether  berlins,  landaus,  or  britsckas  ;  and  there 
it  is  called  "kutscher  bock"  See  Gothe's  Her- 
mann und  Dorothea :  — 

u bequemlich 

Sitzen  viere  darin,  und  auf  dein  Bocke  der  Kutscher." 

Bock,  besides  its  primary  meaning  of  a  buck,  is 
used,  as  my  little  dictionary  says,  for  a  block,  bar, 
beam,  a  stand  or  support  for  scaffolding,  a  con- 
trivance for  bearing  or  propping  anything,  heav- 
ing-block,  cross-block  :  and  in  this  way  may  easily 
have  come  to  mean  a  stage  or  seat  for  the  driver. 

3.  Splinter-bar.  Had  I  not  received  a  lesson 
so  lately  on  laying  down  the  law,  I  should  say  the 
Imperial  Dictionary  MUST  be  wrong.  As  it  is  I 
will  only  say,  as  a  coachman  of  some  forty-five 
years'  standing  (or  sitting),  that  I  never  heard  "  a 
cross-bar  in  a  coach  which  supports  the  springs  " 
called  anything  but  a  spring-bed.  Adams,  in  his 
work  On  English  Pleasure  Carriages  (Chas. 
Knight  &  Co.,  London,  1837),  says  :  "  the  splintre- 
bar  is  bolted  to  the  fore-end  of  the  feetshells,  and 
secured  by  two  branching  stays,  one  at  either  end, 
connecting  it  with  the  axletree  bed.*'  And  again  : 
"  on  the  splinter-bar  are  fixed  the  roller  bolts  for 
fastening  the  traces." 

Felton,  an  older  author  (my  copy  is  3rd  edition, 
1805),  says  (vol.  i.  p.  50.)  :  "The  splinter-bar,  a 
long  timber  to  which  the  horses  are  fastened." 
And  again  (vol.  i.  p.  220.)  :  "  Splinters,  or  splin- 
ter-bars, are  the  short  bars  which  are  hung  to  a 
hook  at  the  end  of  the  pole  when  leading  horses 
are  required  :  there  are  three  used,  hung  to  each 
other,"  &c.  Swingle-trees  and  whipple-trees  are 
provincial  names  for  the  same  things  as  used  with 
ploughs,  harrows,  &c. ;  heel-bar  is  also  used.  Stage- 
coachmen,  on  the  true  English  abbreviation  prin- 
ciple, used  to  speak  of  the  bars.  Halliwell,  in  voc. 


2nd  S.  IX.  APRIL  14.  '60.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


285 


Whipple-tree,  says  :  "  pummel- tree  is  a  longer  bar 
[the  main  bar  of  the  coachman]  on  which  the 
whipple-trees  are  hooked  when  two  horses  draw 
abreast ;"  and  in  voc.  Swingle-tree  quotes  an 
author  of  1688  who  uses  the  word  for  leading-bar. 

J.  P.  O. 


HENRY  SMITH. 
(2nd  S.  viii.  254.  330.  501.) 

I  have  before  me  a  small  4to.,  containing  the 
Sermons  of  Henry  Smith,  of  a  different  edition 
from  any  yet  mentioned  in  "  N.  &  Q."  The  volume 
opens  with  a  title-page  containing  the  following : 

"  Two  Sermons  preached  by  Maister  Henry  Smith  j 
with  a  Prayer  for  the  morning  thereunto  adjoyning,  And 
published  by  a  more  perfect  Coppie  then  heere-to-fore: 
At  London,  Printed  for  William  Leake,  dwelling  in  Paule's 
Churchyard,  at  the  signe  of  the  Holy  Ghost,  1605." 

There  is  no  pagination.     The  contents  are  :  — 

"1.  The  Sinner's  Conversion.  2.  The  Sinner's  Con- 
fession. 3.  A  Prayer  for  the  Morning." 

Then  follow,  also  without  page  marks  :  — 

"  Two  Sermons  of  Jonah's  Punishment :  Preached  by 
Maister  Henry  Smith.  And  published  by  a  more  _per/ec£ 
copie  then  heretofore  :  London,  Printed  by  T.  C.  for  Cuth- 
bert  Burby,  1605." 

Next  follow  "Foure  Sermons"  by  the  same 
printer,  and  the  same  date  as  the  "Two  Sermons." 
The  "Contents"  are: 

"  1.  The  Trumpet  of  the  Soule.  2.  The  Sinfull  Man's 
Search.  3,  Marie's  Choyse.  4.  Noah's  Drunkennesse. 
5.  A  Prayer  to  be  said  at  all  Times.  6.  Another  Zealous 
Prayer." 

There  are  no  paginal  marks.  Each  sermon 
commences  with  a  separate  title,  and  appears  as  a 
complete  pamphlet.  Nos.  4,  5,  and  6.  are  wanting. 
So  far  every  page  is  enclosed  in  a  border. 

The  next  title-page  is  — 

"  God's  Arrow  againste  Atheists.  By  Henrie  Smith. 
At  London,  Imprinted  by  R.  B.  for  Thomas  Pavier,  and 
are  to  bee  sold  at  his  shop  entring  into  the  Exchange, 
1607." 

No  borders.  Title-page  and  page  oT  contents, 
pp.  1 — 100. 

"  Three  Sermons,  made  by  Master  Henry  Smith : — I.  The 
Benefit  of  Contentation.  II.  The  Affinitie  of  the  Faith- 
ful!. III.  The  Lost  Sheepe  is  Found.  At  London,  Im- 
printed by  I\  K.  for  Nicolas  Ling,  and  are  to  be  sold  at 
his  shop  in  S.  Dunstane's  churchyard,  1607." 

The  last  sermon  of  the  three  is  prefaced  with  a 
"Declaration,"  and  followed  by  "Questions," 
pp.  1-56. 

"  Foure  Sermons,"  published  by  William  Leake, 
1605,  are  prefaced  by  a  Dedication  to  the  "Lord 
Sdward,  Erie  of  Bedford."  signed  "  W.  S.,"  who 
represents  himself  as  an  intimate  friend  of  the- 
author  while  he  lived.  The  sermons  are 

"  Two  Sermons  of  the  Song  of  Simeon.    The  Third,  of 


the  Calling  of  Jonah.    The  Fourth,  of  the  Rebellion  of 
;  Jonah." 

The  remainder  of  the  volume  appears  to  have 
been  a  separate  edition  of  Smith's  Sermons.  There 
is  no  date  or  title-page :  the  collection  commenc- 
ing with  "  A  Preparative  to  Marriage "  on  p.  9. 
The  ornamental  head  to  p.  9.  contains  the  initials 
"  E.  R."  The  contents  are  as  follows  :  — 

"  A  Preparative  to  Mariage,  pp.  9—47.  A  Treatise  of 
the  Lord's  Supper,  in  Two  Sermons,  48—92.  The  Ex- 
amination  of  Usurie,  in  Two  Sermons,  92 — 116.  The 
Christian's  Sacrifice,  116—132.  The  True  Triall  of  the 
Spirits,  132—148.  The  Wedding  Garment,  149—160 
The  Way  to  Walke  in,  160—167.  The  Pride  of  Nebu- 
chadnezzar, 168—180.  The  Fall  of  Nebuchadnezzar, 
180—191.  The  Restitution  of  Nebuchadnezzar,  191— 203. 
j  A  Dissuasion  from  Pride,  and  an  Exhortation  to  Humi- 
litie,  203—215.  The  Yong  Man's  Taske,  215—229.  The 
Triall  of  the  Righteous,  230—245.  The  Christian's  Prac- 
tise, 246—254.  The  Pilgrim's  Wish,  254—267.  The 
Godly  Man's  Request,  267—283.  A  Glasse  for  Drunkards, 
284—298.  The  Arte  of  Hearing,  in  Two  Sermons,  298— 
320.  The  Heavenly  Thrift,  320—336.  The  Magistrates 
Scripture,  336—351.  The  Trial  of  Vanity,  352—368. 
The  Ladder  of  Peace,  368—384.  The  Betraying  of  Christ 
385—397.  The  Petition  of  Moses  to  God,  397— 406.  The 
Dialogue  between  Paul  and  King  Agrippa,  407 — 426 
The  Humilitie  of  Paul,  426—438.  A  Looking  Glasse  for 
Christians,  438—452.  Foode  for  New-borne  Babes,  452— 
469.  The  Banquet  of  Job's  Children,  469—481.  Satan's 
Compassing  the  Earth,  482—493.  A  Caveat  for  Chris- 
tians, 494—502.  The  Poor  Man's  Teares,  502—516.  An 
Alarum  from  Heaven,  516 — 526.  A  Memento  for  Magis- 
trates, 526—535.  Jacob's  Ladder,  or  the  Way  to  Heaven, 
535—556.  The  Lawyer's  Question,  556—566.  The  Law- 
giver's Answere,  567—582.  The  Censure  of  Christ  upoa 
the  Answere,  583—589.  Three  Prayers:  One  for  the 
Morning,  another  for  the  Evening,  the  Third  for  a  Sicke 
Man.  Whereunto  is  annexed  a  Godly  Letter  to  a  Sicke 
Friend ;  and  a  comfortable  Speech  of  a  Preacher  uponiis 
Death-bed,  Anno  1591,  590—600." 

SPECTACLES. 
Daily  Herald,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  U.S. 


Amidst  the  interesting  notes  on  this  excellent 
man  which  have  appeared,  I  have  not  observed 
any  reference  to  the  following  allusion,  which 
Quarles  makes  (in  Divine  Fancies,  lib.  n.,  No. 
38.),  to  the  high  value  in  which  his  Sermons 
were  held.  These,  as  is  stated  by  Brooks  in  his 
biography  of  H.  Smith  (Lives  of  the  Puritans,  ii. 
108-111.),  "were  for  many  years  used  as  a  family 
book  in  all  parts  of  the  kingdom." 

"  On  Chamber  Christians. 

"No  matter  whether  (some  there  be  that  say) 
Or  go  to  church  or  stay  at  home,  if  pray ; 
Smith's  dainty  Sermons  have  in  plenty  stored  me  : 
With  better  stuffe  than  Pulpits  can  afford  me  : 
Tell  me,  why  pray'st  thou?  Heav'n  commanded  so. 
Art  not  commanded  to  his  Temples  too? 
Small  store  of  manners !  when  thy  Prince  bids  come 
And  feast  at  Court ;  to  sav,  I've  meat  at  home." 

S.  M.  S. 


286 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


»*  S.  IX.  APRIL  14.  '60. 


FLAMBARD  BRASS  AT  HARROW. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  179.) 

The  verses  are  indeed  grotesque,  and  I  don't 
think  an  (Edipus  can  be  found  who  can  clear  up 
the  enigma  beyond  cavil.  For  the  sake  of  com- 
ment, I  will  here  reproduce  them  :  — 

"Jon  me  do  marmore  Numinis  ordine  flam  tutn'lat' 
Bard  q°3  verbere  stigis  E  fun'e  hie  tueatur." 

MR.  GOUGH'S  translation  of  the  second  verse  is 
clearly  inadmissible.  He  has  strangely  committed 
the  double  blunder  of  translating  hie  tueatur  —  is 
here  kept!  Neither  do  the  suggestions  of  MR. 
GOUGH  NICHOLS,  in  my  opinion,  unravel  the  dif- 
ficulty. On  the  contrary,  they  are  forced ;  and, 
as  not  warranted  by  the  context,  they  are,  I  think, 
merely  conjectural  and  fanciful.  Funus  does  not 
mean  death ;  stigis  is  genitive  to  verbere,  and  not 
tofunere,  as  I  will  show;  and  the  substitution  of 
eujus  for  quoque,  which,  I  think,  is  the  right 
reading,  both  by  its  accord  with  the  sense  and  the 
metre  of  the  verse,  would  entirely  interfere  with 
the  run  of  the  hexameter ;  for  although  there  are 
two  false  quantities  in  the  verse  —  stigis  e  —  yet 
they  might  be  easily  made  ;  but  no  one  with  the 
slightest  knowledge  of  prosody  could  put  cujus 
between  Bard  and  verbere  in  a  hexameter  verse 
beginning  with  Bard. 

Allow  me,  then,  to  try  my  hand  at  untying  the 
knot.  My  chief  difficulty  is  me  do.  As  it  stands, 
it  is  perfectly  incomprehensible.  I  suggest,  there- 
fore, that  an  o  on  the  brass  has  been  mistaken  for 
an  e ;  which,  if  the  inscription  be  indistinct  from 
age,  is  quite  possible.  If  I  am  right,  then  the 
word  is  modb,  now.  This  would  entirely  tally 
•with  the  sense,  and,  moreover,  leave  the  verse  a 
correct  hexameter. 

Bard  is  in  the  accusative  case,  governed  by  the 
deponent  tueatur ;  the  nominative  to  which  is 
Numen,  understood.  Moreover,  I  think  that  by 
the  whimsical  separation  ol  the  syllables  of  the 
name,  Flam  is  intended  to  stand  for  the  body, 
and  Bard  for  the  soul.  Funus  means  the  rites, 
prayers,  and  ceremonies  of  interment ;  and  not 
only  on  the  day  of  the  obsequies,  but  the  con- 
tinuance for  a  considerable  time  —  in  some  cases 
for  years,  according  to  the  will  of  the  testator  — 
of  the  celebration  of  masses,  burning  of  wax  lights 
round  the  tomb,  and  other  funereal  devotions ;  to 
which,  particularly  the  continual  offering  of  the 
Eucharistic  sacrifice,  the  Catholic  church  attaches 
great  importance,  in  delivering  the  joul  from  the 
pains  of  purgatory.  Stigis  does  not  necessarily 
mean  the  hell  of  the  damned,  but  like  the  word 
inferi  —  descendit  ad  inferos  (Apostles'  Creed)  — 
means  the  lower  regions,  or  the  lower  world, 
whether  hell,  purgatory,  or  limbo. 

As  the  E  is  a  capital  letter,  it  may  possibly 
stand  for  Eques,  the  rank  of  the  deceased.  If  so, 
the  short  quantity  would  be  right ;  funere,  more- 


over, not  requiring  the  preposition  e,  according 
to  my  interpretation  of  the  inscription  ;  though  it 
also  admits  it.  I  think  the  meaning  is  —  by 
virtue  of  the  funeral  prayers,  rites,  and  sacrifices. 
With  these  preliminary  explanations,  I  offer  the 
following  translation ;  that  of  the  second  verse 
somewhat  paraphrastically :  — 

"  John  Flam  is  now  entombed  within  this  marble  by 
the  ordinance  of  God :  may  He  here  by  the  virtue  of  the 
funeral  rites,  prayers,  and  sacrifices,  defend  Bard  from  the 
pains  of  purgatory  "  (verbere  stigis~). 

JOHN  WILLIAMS. 

Arno's  Court. 


SAMUEL  DANIEL  (2"d  S.  ix.  152.  208.)— A  re- 
duced facsimile  of  the  inscription  on  the  monu- 
ment in  Beckington  church,  Somersetshire,  is  on 
p.  34.  of  Selections  from  Daniel's  Works,  by  Mr. 
John  Morris  of  Bath,  published  in  1855,  and  also 
in  Collinson's  Somersetshire,  vol.  ii.  p.  201.  As 
this  differs  widely  from  that  given  by  your  corre- 
spondent, and  also  bears  internal  evidence  of 
being  the  composition  of  that  very  celebrated  lady 
who  caused  the  monument  to  be  erected,  it  is 
subjoined.  From  what  collection  in  three  volumes 
did*^  C.  J.  ROBINSON  transcribe  what  you  have 
already  inserted  ?  — 

"  Here  lyes,  expectinge  the  second  comming  of  Our  Lord 
and  Sauiour  Jesus  Christ,  ye  Dead  Body  of  Samuell  Danyell, 
Esq.,  that  Excellent  Poett  and  Historian  who  was  Tu- 
tor to  the  Lady  Anne  Clifford  in  her  youth :  she  that  was 
sole  Daughter  and  heire  to  George  Clifford,  Earle  of 
Ciiberland,  who  in  Gratitude  to  him  erected  this  Monu- 
ment in  his  memory  a  long  time  after,  when  she  was  • 
Countesse  Dowager  of  Pembroke,  Dorsett,  and  Montgo- 


mery.   He  dyed  in  October,  1619." 


E.D. 


THE  CROSSING- SWEEPER  (2ndS.ix.  20.)— With 
the  kind  permission  of  the  writer,  I  request  your 
insertion  of  the  following  Note  in  correction  and 
confirmation  of  the  story  of  the  crossing- sweeper  : 

"THE   CROSSING- SWEEPER   OP  ST.   JAMES'S. 

"  To  the  Editor  of  the  'Birmingham  Daily  Post.' 
"  Sir,  —  The  '  Mr.  Simcox '  alluded  to  in  the  above 
notice  was  not  engaged  in  the  nail  trade,  but  was  a  large 
brass-founder  in  this  town,  of  the  firm  of  Simcox  and 
Pemberton,  Livery  Street. 

"  His  name  was  George  Simcox,  and  he  died  in  1831. 
Having  died  \vhen  I,  his  grandson,  was  young,  I  have 
never  heard  him  tell  the  anecdote;  but*  I  know  that 
every  word  of  the  narrative  is  true,  as  I  have  heard  of  it 
from  other  members  of  my  family. 

"  I  am,"  Sir,  yours  obediently, 
«  Harborne,  January  18.  HOWARD  SIMCOX." 

«  SAMUEL  BACHE. 

Edgbaston. 

I  well  remember  years  ago  hearing  a  story 
similar  to  that  told  by  MR.  BACHE,  and  singularly 
enough  a  few  months  ago  I  heard  a  lady  relating 
my  version  of  it,  which  was  this  :  — 

There  was  a  young  lady  who  was  courted  by 
a  gentleman  prepossessing  in  person  and  manners, 


2E*  S.  IX.  Amu.  U.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


287 


and  evidently  of  large  fortune.  After  a  time  she 
consented  to  marry  him,  he  promising  she  should 
have  everything  she  wished  on  one  condition, 
which  was  that  she  should  never  attempt  to  dis- 
cover his  profession,  or  he  would  go  away,  and  she 
would  never  see  him  more.  To  this  she  agreed, 
and  all  went  on  happily  till  her  mother  came  to 
stay  with  her,  and  with  excusable  curiosity  the 
old  lady  did  her  best  to  discover  the  secret. 
Every  day  did  the  gentleman  drive  forth  in  his 
cabriolet,  and  return  to  dinner.  The  groom  was 
questioned :  he  could  not  say  where  his  master 
went,  for  he  always  drove  to  the  livery  stables, 
and  left  the  cab  there.  At  last,  in  spite  of  her 
daughter's  entreaties,  the  mother  sallied  forth  to 
follow  her  son-in-law ;  but  it  was  of  no  avail,  she 
always  lost  him  at  one  point,  and  again  and  again 
returned  home  foiled.  At  last,  one  dirty  day 
she  was  picking  her  way  across  the  street,  when  a 
ragged  sweeper  held  out  his  hand  for  alms ;  she 
looked  in  his  face,  beheld  her  son-in-law,  ut- 
tered a  scream,  and  fell  down  in  the  mud  in  a 
fainting  fit.  The  sequel  I  do  not  remember  or 
never  heard,  but  I  think  it  was  always  wrapped  in 
mystery ;  for  I  always  longed  to  know  whether 
the  husband  fulfilled  his  threat  of  running  away, 
or  whether  he  put  an  end  to  the  ladies  a  la  Blue 
Beard,  or  whether  he  forgave  the  curiosity  of  his 
mother-in-law,  and  they  all  lived  together  happily 
to  the  end  of  the  story.  Perhaps  if  MR.  BACHE 
could  ascertain  whether  MR.  SIMCOX'S  friend  had  a 
wife  and  family,  it  would'  set  my  mind  at  rest  as 
to  the  conclusion  of  this  wonderful  story,  which  I 
have  often  heard  from  the  lips  of  my  old  nurse. 

MAGOG. 

LEGEND  OF  JERSEY  :  THE  SEIGNEUR  DE  HAM  BIB 
<2Qd  S.  viii.  509.)  —  This  suggested  a  tale,  printed 
in  two  volumes,  12mo.,  La  Hogue  Bie  de  Hambie, 
a  Tradition  of  Jersey ;  with  Historical,  Genealo- 
gical, and  Topographical  Notes,  by  James  Bulke- 
ley,  Esq.,  1837.  J.  G.  N. 

RONALDS'  "ELECTRICAL  TELEGRAPH"  (2nd  S. 
:.  26.  73.  133.)— Neither  the  Editor  of  "N.  & 
Q.,"  nor  E.  II.  (who  gives  the  reference,  p.  73.), 
could  have  remarked  that  E .  R.  only  repeats  me 
at  the  second  reference.  A.  A.,  at  the  first  re- 
ference asks  for  particulars  of  Ronalds'  experi- 
ments. I  now  give  them,  as  the  work  in  which 
they  are  described  is  scarce :  Descriptions  of  an 
Electrical  Telegraph,  #<?.,  1823  :  — 

(1.)  "Upon  a  lawn  or  grass  plot  at  Hammersmith  I 

•cted  two  strong  frames  of  wood  at  a  distance  of  20 

irds  from  each  other,  and  each  containing  19  horizontal 

oars.    To  each  bar  was  (sic)  attached  37  hooks,  and  to 

ie  hooks  were  applied  as  many  silken  cords,  which  sup- 

orted  a  small  iron  wire  (by  these  means  well  insulated) 

lich  (making  its  inflections  at  the  points  of  support) 

composed  in  one  continuous  length  a  distance  of  rather 

more  than  8  miles." 

[2.)  "  When  a  Canton's  pith  ball  Electrometer  was 
•nnected  with  eaoh  extremity  of  this  wire,  and  it  was 


charged  by  a  Leyden  jar,  both  electrometers  appeared  to 
diverge  suddenly  at  the  same  moment ;  and  when  the 
wire  was  discharged  by  being  touched  with  the  hand, 
both  electrometers  appeared  to  collapse  as  suddenly." 

(3.)  "  A  trench  was  dug  in  the  garden  535  feet  in 
length,  and  4  feet  deep.  In  this  was  laid  a  trough  of 
wood  2  inches  square,  well  lined  in  the  inside  and  out 
with  pitch,  and  within  this  trough  thick  glass  tubes 

were  placed,  through  which  the  wire  ran The 

trough  was  then  covered  with  pieces  of  wood  screwed 
upon  it  while  the  pitch  was  hot;  they  also  were  well 
covered  with  pitch,  and  the  earth  then*  thrown  into  the 
trench  again." 

(4.)  "  A  light  circular  brass  plate,  divided  into  20  equal 
parts,  was  fixed  upon  the  seconds'  arbor  of  a  clock  which 
beat  dead  seconds.  Each  division  was  marked  with  a 
figure,  a  letter,  and  a  preparatory  sign.  The  figures  were 
divided  into  2  series,  from  1  to  10,  and  the  letters  were 
arranged  alphabetically,  leaving  out  T,  Q,  U,  W,  X,  and  Z. 
Before  or  over  this  disk  was  fixed  another  brass  plate, 
capable  of  being  occasionally  moved  by  the  hand  round 
its  centre,  which  had  an  aperture  of  such  dimensions  that, 
whilst  the  disk  was  carried  round  by  the  motion  of  the 
clock,  only  one  of  the  letters,  figures,  and  preparatory 
signs  upon  it  could  be  seen  through  the  aperture  at  the 
same  time." 

(5.)  "  In  front  of  this  pair  of  plates  was  suspended  an 
Electrometer  of  Canton's  pith  balls  from  a  wire  which 
was  insulated  communicated  (sic)  with  a  Cylindric  Elec- 
trical machine  of  only  6  inches  diameter,  and  with  the 
above-described  wire  buried  and  insulated  by  the  glass 
tubes  and  trough  in  the  garden." 

(6.)  "  Another  similar  Electrometer  was  suspended  in 
the  same  manner  before  another  clock,  similarly  furnished 
with  the  same  kind  of  plates  and  Electrical  Machine. 
This  second  clock  and  machine  were  situated  at  the  other 
end  of  the  buried  wire,  and  it  (sic)  was  adjusted  to  go  as 
nearly  as  possible  synchronically  with  the  first." 

The  modus  operandi  I  need  not  extract.  It  is 
obvious.  Besides  the  telegraphic  arrangements 
above  described,  Mr.  Ronalds  had  a  telegraphic 
dictionary  to  facilitate  the  transmission  of  mes- 
sages. CLAMMILD. 

Athenaeum  Club. 

" QUARTER"  (2nd  S.  ix.  143.)— Your  correspon- 
dent A.,  quoting  Ben  Jonson's  First  Witch, 

"  I  have  been  all  day  looking  a'ter, 
A  raven  feeding  upon  a  quarter"  — 

adds,  doubtingly  :  "  '  Quarter,'  in  this  connexion, 
is,  I  presume,  equivalent  to  field  or  cultivated 
enclosure  ?  " 

The  word  offers,  if  an  uglier,  a  more  witch-like 
meaning.  The  sentence  of  a  traitor  was  to  be 
hung,  drawn,  and  quartered. 

A  raven,  feeding  on  the  exposed  quarter  of  a 
traitor  might  well  attract  a  witch's  attention. 
She  goes  on  suitably  : 

"  And,  soon  as  she  turn'd  her  beak  to  the  south, 
I  snatch' 'd  this  morsel  out  of  her  mouth." 

Compare  the  Seventh  Witch  : 

"  A  murderer,  yonder,  was  hung  in  chains : 
The  sun  and  the  wind  had  shrunk  his  veins. 
I  bit  off  a  sinew,  1  clipp'd  his  hair, 
I  brought  off  his  rags  that  danc'd  i'  the  air." 

L.  X.  R. 


288 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2~is.  IX.  APBILM.  '60. 


COL.  HACKER  (2nd  S.  ix.  124.  216.)  — I  find,  in 
Thoroton's  History  of  Notts,  that  the  Hacker  family 
first  settled  at  East  Bridgeford,  in  that  county, 
about  the  time  of  Elizabeth;  when  Lord  Sheffield 
sold  an  estate  in  the  above-mentioned  place  to 
John  Hacker,  who  died  in  1620,  leaving  four  sons 
—  Francis,  Richard,  John,  and  Rowland. 

Francis  was  the  Col.  Hacker  of  regicide  noto- 
riety, and  suffered  in  the  succeeding  reign,  when 
his  estates  were  forfeited.  They  were,  however, 
restored  to  his  youngest  brother  Rowland  "  by 
favour  of  his  R.  H.  the  Duke  of  York,"  Rowland 
having  "served  under  the  King  during  those 
troubles,"  and  was  still  living  in  Thoroton's  time. 
Thomas  Hacker,  another  brother,  was  slain  near 
Colston-Basset  fighting  for  the  King.  Richard 
settled  at  Flintham,  and  John  at  Trowel.  The 
Bridgeford  property  still  remains  with  a  repre- 
sentative of  the  family  through  the  female  line. 

M.  E.  M. 

Thomas  Nicholas  Perry  Hacker,  of  Churchill, 
Oxon,  a  descendant  of  a  brother  of  Col.  Hacker, 
died  in  or  about  1768,  and  is  buried  in  the  church- 
yard of  Ascot,  a  neighbouring  village.  He  de- 
vised his  estates  to  the  family  of  Bulley  of  Sarsden, 
with  remainder  in  default  of  male  issue  to  Nicho- 
las Marshall  of  Enstone,  in  either  case  on  con- 
dition of  taking  the  name  and  arms  of  Hacker. 
The  Bulleys  died  without  male  heirs;  and  the 
eldest  son  of  Nicholas  Marshall  succeeded  to  the 
property  in  or  about  1818,  and  died  unmarried. 
His  brother,  the  Rev.  Edward  Marshall  Hacker, 
with  whom  the  use  of  the  name  ceased,  died  and 
was  buried  at  Iffley,  near  Oxford,  in  1 839,  leaving 
issue.  The  connexion  of  the  family  of  Marshall 
with  that  of  Hacker  is  traced  to  the  marriage  of 
Anne  Hacker  with  one  of  that  family  in  1660, 
who,  with  her  husband,  is  buried  in  Great  Tew 
churchyard.  Compare  History  of  Enstone^  by  Rev. 
J.  Jordan,  Oxford  (Alden),  1856. 

The  Hackers,  I  presume,  were  a  Nottingham- 
shire family ;  but  I  do  not  know  more  of  their 
connexion  with  that  county  than  that  a  brother 
of  Col.  Hacker  was  allowed  to  purchase  and  retain 
the  family  estates  there,  when  confiscated  at  the 
Restoration.  With  the  descent  of  this  property 
I  am  unacquainted. 

Anns.  On  a  field  azure  between  two  mullets  or 
pierced  of  the  field,  a  cross  argent  bearing  five 
fusils  vair. 

Crest.  On  a  fess  a  moor-cock  proper,  resting 
the  dexter  claw  on  a  fusil  of  the  shield. 

The  arms  were  exemplified  at  the  Heralds' 
Office  when  licence  was  granted  by  the  crown  for 
the  change  of  name.  E.  M. 

REFRESHMENT  TOR  CLERGYMEN  (2nd  S.  ix.  24. 
189.)  —  In  illustration  of  vestry  hospitalities  in 
the  city  of  London  the  following  quotation  may 
be  made.  The  scene  is  the  church  of  St.  Law- 


rence near  Guildhall,  where  Bishop  Warburton 
was  engaged  to  preach  a  sermon  for  the  London 
Hospital,  and  the  date  not  far  from  1770 :  — 

"  I  was  introduced  by  a  friend  into  the  vestry,  where 
the  Lord  Mayor  and  several  of  the  governors  of  the  hos- 
pital were  waiting  for  the  late  Duke  of  York,  who  was- 
their  president,  and  in  the  mean  time  the  Bishop  did 
everything  in  his  power  to  entertain  and  alleviate  their 
impatience.  He  was  beyond  measure  condescending  and 
courteous,  and  even  graciously  handed  some  biscuits  and 
wine  on  a  salver  to  the  curate  who  was  to  read  the  prayers. 
His  lordship,  being  in  good  spirits,  once  rather  exceeded 
the  bounds  of  decorum,  by  quoting  a  comic  passage  frc 
Shakspeare,  in  his  lawn  sleeves,  and  with  all  his  chars 
teristic  humour;  but,  suddenly  recollecting  himself, 
so  aptly  turned  the  inadvertence  to  his  own  advant 
as  to  raise  the  admiration  of  all  the  company." — Men 
of  Joseph  Cradock,  Esq.,  M.A.,  F.S.A. 

J.  G.  N. 

SEA  BREACHES  (2nd  S.  ix.  30.)— There  is   an 
account  of  these  in  the  Life  of  William  Smith,  of 
Deanston,   whose    genius    prompted    a    remedy 
which,  after  three  years  of  combat  against  igno- 
rance and  prejudice,  he  persuaded  the  landowners 
to   adopt.     In    1801    seventy   parishes   were     in 
danger ;  now  we  never  hear  of  any  inroad  of  the 
sea.     Also,  the  Life  of  Archbishop  Parker  con- 
tains some  sad  accounts  of  irruptions  which  took 
place  while  he  was  Bishop  of  Norwich,  and  which 
led  him  to  memorialise  government  on  the  sub- 
ject.    On  traversing  the  fens  between  Happis- 
burgh  and  Yarmouth,  thirty-five  years  ago,  my 
impression   was  that    the  land  had,  within  the 
existence  of  man  on  it,  lain  at  a  higher  level ;  I 
tried  to  make  myself  mistress  of  its  history,  but 
tools  were  wanting ;  the  old  chroniclers  did  not  aid 
me.     Subsequent  observations  have  strengthened 
my  opinion ;  perhaps  I  ought  to    say  "  theory." 
In  Horsey  Broad  is  a  tuft  of  trees  called  "  Sanc- 
tuary island ;"  this  is  now  quite  uninhabitable,  and 
the  broad  belt  of  reeds  around  it  shows  subsi- 
dence.    How  a  criminal  could  reach  it  in  former 
times  I  cannot  imagine.     How  could  the  church 
be  built  with  water  rising  within  six  feet  of  the 
surface,  as  it  now  does  ?     If  E.  G.  R.  knows  this 
parish,  he  will,  I  think,  see  other  circumstances 
in  favour  of  my  opinion,  which  would  take  too 
much  room  here.     One  fact  is  adverse  to  me — 
the  absence  of  wild  flowers  ;  the  few  hedges  there 
are  wholly  uninteresting ;  but,  strange  enough,  I 
found  the  hop   in  one  spot,  and  this   is  in  my 
favour.      The  cotton  grass  grows  freely  in  one 
meadow  between   Somerton  and  Horsey.     I  beg 
pardon  for  so  long  a  Note,  but  one  word  more. 
Remembering  the  submerged  forest  of  the  Lin- 
colnshire coast,  may  we  not  think  that  the  former 
loss  of  land  at  Cromer  is  due  as  much  to  subsi- 
dence as  to  the  disintegration  of  the  cliff  by  land 
springs  and  high  tides  ?     I  hope  E.  G.  R.  will 
prosecute  the  subject  of  our  eastern  fens. 

F.  C.  B. 
Norwich. 


2nd  S.  IX.  APRIL  14.  '60.  j 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


289 


"  COCK  AN  EYE"  (2nd  S.  viii.  461.)— I  am  in  the 
same  situation  as  MB.  EASTWOOD,  at  whose  ex- 
planation of  this  phrase  I  have  just  "  cocked  my 
eye."  Not  having  read  Mrs.  Stowe's  work,  I 
have  not  the  benefit  of  the  context  to  guide  me  in 
offering  an  answer  to  the  Query.  "  To  cock," 
however,  may  be  generally  denned  as  "  to  turn 
up."  Thus,  a  horse  is  sometimes  said  to  cock  his 
ears,  or  his  tail.  I  do  not  here  intend  any  allu- 
sion to  a  "  cocktail"  horse,  or  one  in  the  slightest  ; 
degree  removed  from  thoroughbred.  Dresser 
seems  to  be  the  corresponding  French  word  ;  and 
as  that  is  said  to  originate  in  direxare,  or  dirigere, 
MR.  EASTWOOD  may  have  authority  for  the  sy- 
nonym "  direct."  But  to  my  mind,  "  to  cock  " 
conveys  a  more  especial  meaning  than  "  to  direct." 
It  seems  to  imply  a  knowing  expression,  as  when 
one  says  :  "  I  say,  old  fellow,  do  you  see  any  green 
in  my  eye?"  Ash  defines,  to  cock — "to  strut," 
to  "  walk  proudly."  Again,  a  cocked  hat  is  a  hat 
of  which  the  brim  is  turned  up.  A  cock  of  hay  is 
hay  turned  up  into  a  heap.  I  am  not  quite  pre- 
pared to  admit  that  "cock-eyed"  means,  gene- 
rally, "squint-eyed;"  though  the  term  may  be 
applicable  to  a  description  of  squint  in  which  the 
axis  of  the  eye  is  directed  upwards.  The  view  of 
MB.  EASTWOOD  may  derive  some  support  from  a 
song,  which  used  to  be  sung  by  the  late  Charles 
Matthews,  beginning : 

"  Manager  Street  was  four  feet  high, 
And  he  looked  very  fine  when  he  cocked  Iris  eye, 
For  he  squinted  just  so " 

accompanied  by  the  ludicrous  illustration  of  a 
powerful  squint  with  both  eyes  inwards,  or  to- 
wards the  nose.  It  may  be  supposed,  however, 
that  the  squint  thus  caricatured  by  the  singer  was 
intended  as  the  habitual  position  of  the  manager's 
eye-balls  ;  and  if  so,  he  must  indeed  have  looked 
"  very  fine,"  as  may  be  easily  imagined,  when  he 
attempted  to  cock  them,  or  in  other  words  to  give 
them  an  unusual  direction.  R.  S.  Q. 

KING  BLADCD  AND  HIS  PIGS  (2nd  S.  ix.  45.  110.) 
-  The  following  epigram  on  the  "  Bristol  Hogs," 
is  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Groves  of  Claverton  :  — 

When  Bladud  once  espied  some  Hogs 
Lie  wallowing  in  the  steaming  bogs, 
VVhere  issue  forth  those  sulphurous  springs 
Since  honor'd  by  more  potent  kings, 
Vex'd  at  the  brutes  alone  possessing 
What  ought  t'  have  been  a  common  blessing, 
He  drove  them  thence  in  mighty  wrath, 
And  built  the  stately  Town  of  IJath. 
The  Hogs  thus  banished  by  their  Prince, 
Have  liv'd  in  Bristol  ever  since." 

CLAMMILD. 
Athenaeum  Club, 

K  TOUB  CHALKS"  (2nd  S.  ix.  63.  152.) 

Dimple  explanation  of  this  expression  may 

[  believe  that  certain  ale-house  fre- 

»ters,    when   they   have   been  drinking   long 


enough  to  make  a  boast  of  being  sober,  and  to 
dispute  the  point  with  each  other,  will  chalk  a 
long  straight  line  on  the  ground,  and  then  en- 
deavour one  after  the  other  to  walk  upon  it  with- 
out swerving  to  right  or  left.  Those  who  succeed 
are  adjudged  to  be  sober,  i.  e.  to  have  "walked 
their  chaliks." 

A  witness  on  a  trial  in  Buckinghamshire,  about 
the  year  1841,  made  use  of  this  expression,  and  a 
barrister  immediately  explained  it  in  the  above 
manner  to  the  puzzled  court. 

This  "  walking  the  chalks "  is,  however,  not  pe- 
culiar to  Bucks,  and  may  be  witnessed  in  London. 

Addressed  to  a  person  whose  company  is  no 
longer  desired,  as  cited  by  your  correspondent 
C.  J.,  the  expression  "walk  your  chalks"  would 
thus  mean,  "  walk  straight  off.",  T.  E.  S. 

TRUE  BLUE  (2nd  S.  iii.  329.  513.)— In  Stuart's 
Lays  of  the  Deer  Forest,  Edinburgh,  1848,  12mo. 
(vol.  ii.  p.  383.),  is  a  note  on  this  expression,  from 
which  it  appears  that  blue  was  adopted  by  the 
Covenanters  in  distinction  from  red,  which  was 
the  colour  of  the  king's  party.  The  writers  of  the 
note  referred  to  suppose  the  Covenanters  to  have 
derived  tUeir  use  of  this  colour  from  the  precept 
of  the  Mosaic  law  (Numbers  xv.  38.),  as  previ- 
ously mentioned  in  "N".  &  Q."  (2nd  S.  iii.  513.) 
There  seems  to  be  no  doubt  that,  in  the  language 
of  flowers,  blue  denoted  truth  or  fidelity ;  and  it  is 
more  probable  that  the  Covenanters  wore  "  true 
blue  "  as  an  emblem  of  their  fidelity  to  their  prin- 
ciples. L. 

BLUE  BLOOD  (2nd  S.  ix.  208.)— Mr.  Meyrick, 
in  his  excellent  little  book  on  the  Church  of  Spain, 
describes  the  distinction  still  kept  up  at  Granada 
between  the  "castes"  of  that  city.  Each  caste, 
there  are  four  of  them,  except  the  lowest,  has  its 
own  proper  cafe  alameda  and  costume.  The 
"blue  blood,  or  sangre  azul,  is  that  of  the  old 
families  who  can  trace  up  their  pedigrees  beyond 
the  time  of  the  Moorish  conquest,  and  can  prove, 
on  paper,  that  their  ancestors  during  the  whole 
time  have  never  married  out  of  the  order  of  their 
Peers,  and  have  never  departed  from  la  fe  Ca- 
tolica" 

Next  to  the  blue  rank  the  red  blood.  Then 
comes  the  white  blood.  Last  and  lowest  are  the 
black  blooded  unbelievers  in  lafe  Catolica  :  there 
being,  however,  a  distinction  drawn  between  the 
black  blood  non-stinking,  which  flows  in  the  veins 
of  Gentile  heretics  and  infidels,  and  that  black 
blood  which  stinks,  and  which  is  found  only  in  the 
veins  of  the  Jews.  W.  C. 

TAYLOR  CLUB  (2nd  S.  ix.  196.)— The  suggestion 
of  S.  WMSON.  is  well  worthy  of  consideration.  I 
feel  assured  that  a  Society  formed  with  a  definite 
object  in  view,  such  as  the  publication  of  the 
works  of  any  one  or  more  authors,  and  where  the 
expense  can  be  readily  estimated,  is  much  more 


290 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  APRIL  14.  '60. 


likely  to  receive  the  cooperation  and  support  of 
the  literary  public,  than  where  the  continuance  of 
the  Society  is  unlimited,  or  its  full  purport  is  not 
previously  marked  out. 

The  Works  of  John  Taylor  the  Water  Poet,  al- 
though in  number  pretty  considerable,  would 
occupy  but  a  few  volumes  ;  and  from  their  pecu- 
liar style  and  tone,  as  well  as  their  rarity,  it  is 
surprising  that  they  have  not  already  been  se- 
lected for  republication  by  some  of  the  existing  or 
defunct  Printing  Clubs.  I  venture  to  suggest 
that  the  selection  of  these  as  the  first  experiment 
of  the  kind  would  be  generally  acceptable,  and 
the  ready  assistance  of  your  readers  who  possess 
any  of  Taylor's  works  by  the  loan  of  them,  as  well 
as  the  interest  they  will  take  in  procuring  a 
sufficient  number  of  subscribers  for  the  reprints, 
seems  to  place  the  success  of  the  attempt  beyond 
a  doubt. 

First,  let  a  complete  list  of  Taylor's  undoubted 
productions  be  prepared  and  agreed  upon,  for 
many  works  are  assigned  to  him  on  slender 
grounds ;  and  if  two  or  three  of  your  eminent 
literati  will  take  the  matter  up,  aided  by  your 
assistance,  the  project  would  be  carried  out  at  a 
trifling  expense  if  100  subscribers  could  be  ob- 
tained. The  anonymous  works  which  are  attri- 
buted to  the  pen  of  Taylor  without  any  sufficient 
authority  might,  if  so  agreed,  be  added  as  a  sup- 
plemental volume. 

Some  few  years  ago,  a  Paper  of  Notes  re- 
specting Taylor,  from  the  pen  of  a  well-known 
and  much  respected  author  (Mr.  J.  O.  Halliwell), 
was  read  by  him  before  some  meeting  in  Glouces- 
tershire (of  which  county  Taylor  was  a  native), 
but  I  am  not  aware  that  these  Notes  have  ap- 
peared in  print.  If,  then,  assistance  can  be  ob- 
tained from  this  quarter,  it  will  be  invaluable  for 
the  projected  purpose.  K. 

POLITICAL  PSEUDONYMES  (2nd  S.  ix.  198.)  — 

"  Hermodactyl    -  The  Earl  of  Oxford. 

Codicil      -        -  Lord  Harcourt. 

Lend  Gambol    -  Vise.  Bolingbroke. 

Will  Wildfire    -  Sir  W.  W m  (Windhani?). 

Matt.  Rummer  -  Matt.  Prior. 

Bungey    -        -  Dr.  Heny.  Sacheverell." 

I  furnish  the  above  from  the'copious  Indexes  to 
the  High  German  Doctor,  1719,  where  will  be 
found  most  of  the  nicknames  and  slang  phrases 
of  and  relating  to  the  Jacobites  of  the  period.  My 
authority  does  not,  however,  supply  Peter  Brick- 
dust  and  Zechariah.  J.  O. 

REV.  EDWARD  WM.  BARNARD  (2nd  S.  iv.  251. ;  ' 
ix.  12.  94.) — I  beg  leave  to  say  that  I  met  the 
Rev.  E.  W.  Barnard  at  the  chambers  of  a  mutual 
friend  in  London,  at  the  end  of  1817.  They  had 
been  at  Harrow  School  together  previous  to  the 
great  rebellion  there  of  1805 — 1806,  and  had 
gone,  after  they  had  left  Harrow,  to  the  sister 


Universities,  Mr.  Barnard  having  graduated  at 
Cambridge,  where,  however,  owing  to  his  great 
distaste  for  mathematics,  he  did  not  attain  any 
honours.  In  1817,  Mr.  Barnard  did  publish, 
anonymously,  a  small  book  of  poems,  "  not  a  col- 
lection of  translations  from  Meleager,"  but,  as  he 
calls  them  in  his  title-page,  which  I  have  before 
me:  — 

"  Poems,  founded  upon  the  Poems  of  Meleager. 

Movcnjs  teal  o^erepij?  rrptota  AevKoia. 

London :  Printed  for  J.  Carpenter  and  Son,  14.  Old  Bond 
Street,  By  J.  McCreery,  Black  Horse  Court,  1817.  Svo. 
38  pages.5' 

I  met  him  afterwards,  in  1818,  at  my  friend's 
chambers,  and  also  at  Mr.  Barnard's  own  lodgings; 
and  I  know  that  he  published  a  second  edition  of 
his  Poems,  and  that  he  dedicated  it  to  Moore,  the 
poet.  My  avocations  calling  me  out  of  town  in 
that  year,  we  never  met  again ;  but  I  since  learnt 
that  he  was  presented  to  a  living  in  Yorkshire, 
and  that  he  then  married  a  daughter  of  Arch- 
deacon Wranghain,  the  editor  of  Langhorne's 
Plutarch's  Lives.  Mr.  Barnard  himself  was  the 
gentlest,  most  modest,  and  most  loveable  creature 
imaginable,  with  a  slight  tinge  of  melancholy  by 
constitution ;  but  I  have  heard  that  he  made  a 
most  exemplary  parish  priest,  and  that  he  was 
lost  to  the  world  by  death  some  twelve  or  fifteen 
years  ago. 

I  have  no  doubt  your  correspondent,  SENEX, 
is  right — that  Cave  Castle,  Yorkshire,  was  the 
place  of  his  living :  for  I  perceive,  in  Lewis's 
Topographical  Dictionary,  it  is  said  to  belong  to  a 
gentleman  of  the  same  name,  and  that  he  has  the 
patronage  of  the  church  there. 

I  have  running  in  my  mind  that  the  Rev.  Ed- 
ward Barnard  was  in  some  way  connected  with 
the  authorship  of  another  book,  The  Protestant 
Beadsman:  and  I  feel  confirmed  in  this  by  the 
following  brief  notice  in  Lowndes's  Bibliographical 
Manual :  — 

"  BARNARD.  « Protestant  Beadsman,'  1822.  Onlv 
twelve  Copies  printed.  Sir  M.  M.  Sykes,  330.  But  I 
think  it  was  afterwards  published  in  a  popular  form.",, 

I  can  give  SENEX  no  clue  to  his  means  of  pro- 
curing a  copy  of  the  Poems  from  Meleager,  as 
they  are  no  doubt  long  out  of  print ;  and  I  value 
my  copy  too  much  to  part  with  it.  ~No  doubt, 
however,  a  copy  of  it  may  be  seen  at  the  British 
Museum.  SENESCENS. 

CHEVALIER  GALLINI  (2nd  S.  ix.  147.  251.)— This 
successful  maitre  de  danse  built  the  Hanover  Square 
Rooms,  and  bequeathed  a  liberal  fortune  to  his  two 
daughters,  who  built  and  endowed  the  handsome 
Roman  Catholic  chapel  in  Grove  Road,  St.  John's 
Wood,  called  "  Our  Lady's  Chapel,"  together  with 
two  wings :  one  a  residence  for  themselves,  and 
the  other  for  the  priest,  the  Very  Rev.  Canon 
O'Neil.  The  remains  of  the  two  ladies  lie  in  the 
vaults  beneath  the  chapel.  S.  II.  H. 


S.  IX.  APRIL  14.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


291 


THE  REV.  CHRISTOPHER  LOVE  (1st  S.  xii.  266. ; 
2nd  S.  iv.  173.  259.;  ix.  160.)— The  widow  of 
Christopher  Love  did  not  long  remain  disconso- 
late, having  married  Mr.  Edward  Bradshaw,  of 
Chester,  within  three  years  of  her  late  husband's 
execution.  I  find  no  trace  of  her  having  had  any 
children  by  Mr.  Love  :  possibly  a  reference  to  the 
memoir  of  him  in  No.  3945.  of  the  Sloane  MSS.* 
in  the  British  Museum,  would  clear  up  that  point. 
Mr.  Edward  Bradshaw  was  a  mercer  at  Chester ; 
and  married,  for  his  first  wife,  at  St.  Peter's 
Church  in  this  city,  Dec.  5, 1631,  Susanna,  daugh- 
ter and  heiress  of  (perhaps  his  old  master)  Chris- 
topher Blease,  mercer,  and  alderman  of  Chester. 
By  this  lady  he  had  twelve  children ;  the  eldest 
son  and  heir,  James,  becoming  afterwards  Sir 
James  Bradshaw,  Knt.,  of  Risby,  co.  York,  through 
his  marriage  with  the  sole  daughter  and  heiress  of 
Edward  Ellerker,  of  Risbyv  Esq.  On  the  death 
of  his  first  wife,  Susanna,  Mr.  Bradshaw  married 
Mary,  relict  of  the  Rev.  Christopher  Love,  and 
thus,  in  the  words  of  the  dedication  referred  to  by 
B.  L.,  "  caused  a  mournful  widow  to  forget  her 
sorrows."  Seven  children  were  the  fruit  of  this 
double  second  marriage.  Edward  Bradshaw  served 
the  office  of  mayor  of  Chester  in  1648,  and  again 
in  1653  ;  in  addition  to  which  I  find  him  church- 
warden of  St.  Peter's  parish  in  1636-7.  He  died, 
aged  sixty-six,  on  the  31st  of  October,  1671,  and 
was  buried  in  St.  Peter's  church,  Chester,  where 
a  monument  exists  to  his  memory,  erected  by  his 
son,  Sir  James.  Christopher  seems  to  have  been 
a  favourite  name  with  Mr.  Bradshaw,  for  he  mar- 
ried the  daughter  of  one  Christopher,  the  widow 
of  another,  and  had  by  his  first  wife  a  son  Chris- 
topher, baptized  at  St.  Peter's  in  the  year  of  his 
first  mayoralty,  Sept.  3,  1648.  What  was  Mary 
Bradshaw's  maiden  name,  and  whether  she  died  a 
•wife  or  a  widow,  are  still,  so  far  as  I  am  con- 
cerned, matters  for  farther  investigation.  By  the 
way,  who  was  the  William  Taylor  who  dedicated 
his"  edition  of  Love's  Sermons  to  Mr.  Bradshaw  ? 

T.  HUGHES. 
Chester. 

ORDER  OF  PRAYER  IN  FRENCH  (2nd  S.  ix.  199.) 
—  M.  THG.  has  met  with  a  copy  of  the  Order  of 
Prayer  published  at  London,  in  Latin  and  in 
French,  in  February,  155^  (and  again  at  Frank- 
fort in  1555),  by  Valerandus  Pollanus,  superin- 
tendent of  the  church  of  French  and  Walloon 
refugees,  or  "  strangers,"  settled  in  London  and  at 
Glastonbury.  The  book  is  of  some  rarity,  but 
there  are  copies  of  the  Latin  editions  in  the  Bod- 
leian :  and  a  Latin  edition  (1551),  and  a  French 
one  (1555),  are  in  the  University  Library  at 
Cambridge. 

Mr.  Procter  {Hist,  of  Common  Prayer,  Cam- 

[*  The  MS.  treats  more  of  Mr.  Love's  ministerial  la- 
bours than  of  his  personal  biography,  and  closes  abruptlv 
at  page  67.— ED.} 


\  bridge,  1856,  p.  45.)  notices  this  work  of  Pollanus, 
;  which  some  have  thought  furnished  hints  to  the 
I  revisers  of  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  in  some 
I  additions  made  in  1552  to  the  ancient  services. 
The  title  of  the  book  set  forth  in  1552,  and  dedi- 
cated to  King  Edward,  is  :  — 

"  Liturgia  sacra  sen  Ritus  Ministerii  in  Ecclesia  pere- 
|  grinorum  profugorum  propter  Evangelium  Christi  Argen- 
tina?.   Adjecta  est  ad  finem  brevis  Apologia  pro  hac 
Liturgia,  per  Valerandum  Pollanum  Flandrum.    Lond., 
23  Febrnar,  Ann.  1551  (  =  1552)." 

Farther  information  will  be  found  in  Strype, 
Cranmer,  ii.  23.;  Ecclesiastical  Memorials,  Ed. 
VI.,  i.  29. ;  Laurence,  Bampt.  Lect.,  p.  210.  And 
for  an  account  of  these  refugees,  I  would  refer 
your  correspondent  to 

"  A  History  of  the  French,  Walloon,  Dutch,  and  other 
Protestant  Refugees  settled  in  England,  from  the  Reign 
of  Hen.  VIII.  to  the  Edict  of  Nantes.  Bv  J.  S.  Burn. 
Lond.,  1846." 

Johannes  Dalaberus  (Jean  de  la  Bere),  the 
former  owner,  probably  belonged  to  the  com- 
munion for  whom  this  Form  of  Prayer  was  framed, 
and  some  information  respecting  him  may  perhaps 
be  found  in  the  registers  of  Foreign  Protestant 
Churches  in  England,  now  deposited  in  the  Office 
of  the  Registrar  General.  G.  W.  W.  MINNS. 

MAWHOOD  FAMILY  (2nd  S.  v.  61.) —Perhaps 
the  following  extract  may  interest  T.  M.  H.,  and 
furnish  a  clue  to  farther  discoveries  respecting  the 
Mawhoods  :  — 

"  This  lady  (Mary,  daughter  of  Dr.  Comber,  Dean  of 
Durham)  when  very  young  married  the  Rev.  Thomas 
Brooke,  M.A.,  recto/of  Richmond  in  Yorkshire,  by  whom 
she  had  several  children  of  both  sexes,  though  only  two 
of  them  left  issue,  viz.,  1.  William;  2.  Anne. 

"  1.  William  Brooke,  M.D.,  of  Field-head  in  the  West 
Riding  of  the  county  of  York,  married  Alice  Mawhood  of 
an  ancient  family  (and  doubly  related  on  her  mother's 
side  to  the  celebrated  Alexander  Pope),  by  whom  he  had 
issue,  1.  William,  2.  John  Charles,  3.  Mary,  4.  Margaret, 
5.  Jane."  —  Comber's  Life  of  Comber,  p.  424.  Appendix.) 

E.  H.  A. 

INN  SIGNS  PAINTED  AY  EMINENT  ARTISTS  (2nd 
S.  viii.  236.,  &c.)  —  I  am  enabled,  on  good  autho- 
rity, to  add  the  following  example  :  —  At  that 
part  of  the  Great  North  Road  between  Stilton 
and Wansford, called  "Kate's  Cabin,"  —  with  Ches- 
terton on  the  one  hand  and  Alwalton  on  the  other, 
stood  a  well-known  public-house  called  "  the  Dry- 
den's  Head."  The  head,  of  course,  was  that  of 
the  poet,  who  was  accustomed  to  visit  this  neigh- 
bourhood, where  dwelt  his  "  honoured  kinsman, 
John  Dryden,  Esq.  of  Chesterton  in  .the  county  of 
Huntingdon ; "  and  the  poet's  head  was  painted 
upon  the  sign  by  no  less  an  artist  than  Sir  Wil- 
liam Beechey.  'Sir  William  was  at  that  time  a 
journeyman  housepainter,  and  was  employed  for 
some  time  on  the  decorations  of  Alwalton  Hall, — 
a  very  fanciful  erection,  now  demolished.  Several 
doors  and  panels  were  there  painted  by  Sir  Wil- 


292 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


AriUL  14.  '60. 


liara  with  figures,  fruit,  flowers,  and  conventional 
ornaments  in  a  superior  style.  On  the  demolition 
of  the  hall,  they  were  purchased  by  a  gentleman 
for  the  decoration  of  his  drawing-room  ;  where, 
having  become  the  worse  for  wear,  and  their 
owner  being  ignorant  of  their  artist,  they  were 
painted  over.  Thus  their  owner,  when  he  speaks 
of  his  gallery,  can  boast  of  possessing  several 
Beech eys,  although  he  is  unable  to  display  them, 
as  their  forms  are  concealed  by  two  coats  of  paint, 
and  an  over-coat  of  varnish,  CUTHBEET  REDE. 

LONDON  RIOTS  IN  1780  (2nd  S.  ix.  198.  250. 
272.) — Will  your  correspondent  H.  GILBERT  ex- 
cuse me  if  I  surmise  that  from  a  misprint  in  his 
communication,  or  some  such  cause,  we  should 
read  South  Hants,  for  Southwark  Militia?  The 
former  was  commanded  by  Sir  Richard  Worsley, 
Comptroller  of  the  King's  Household.  And  I  am 
the  more  confirmed  in  my  suspicion,  by  having 
read  an  account  of  a  most  superb  ball  and  supper 
given  by  him  on  Wednesday,  28th  June,  when 
the  riots  which  had  caused  such  devastation  and 
slaughter,  in  the  early  part  of  that  month,  had 
happily  terminated  ;  that  the  ball  was  held  at  the 
Encampment  in  Hyde  Park,  an  elegant  building 
having  been  erected  for  the  purpose. 

Hyde  and  St.  James's  Parks  were  shut,  and  by 
the  8th  of  June  10,000  men  -were  encamped  in 
the  former  ;  and  temporarily  it  appears  no  persons 
were  permitted  to  pass  through  them ;  but  sub- 
sequently this  order  must  have  been  relaxed,  as  a 
paper  of  the  day  says,  "  Et  is  now  become  as 
much  of  course  to  give  a  shilling  to  enter  into 
either  of  the  Parks  as  into  the  gardens  at  Vaux- 
hall."  Previous  to  this  calamitous  revolt  there 
existed  an  unfortunate  division  and  estrange- 
ment between  Geo.  III.  and  his  brothers  Wm. 
Henry  Duke  of  Gloucester,  and  H.  Frederick 
Duke  of  Cumberland  j  but  the  former,  who  was 
Colonel  of  the  1st  Guards,  lost  no  time  in  writing 
to  the  king,  to  be  immediately  employed  in  de- 
fence of  his  majesty's  person  and  authority;  and 
it  gave  universal  satisfaction  that  the  most  cordial 
reconciliation  of  the  three  was  the  result. 

Brackley  Kennet  *,  the  Lord  Mayor,  was  the 
subject  of  much  vituperation,  for  what  in  the 
mildest  terms  was  called  "  supineness  and  inac- 
tivity ;  "  still  it  must  be  conceded  that  no  public 
magistrate  had  ever,  in  England,  been  placed  in 
circumstances  of  greater  difficulty,  and  it  may  be 
said  with  Virgil, 

"  Non  omnia  possuraus  omnes." 

We  have  all  been  accustomed  to  admire  the 
impulsive  energy  and  decision  of  the  Duke  of 

*  He  died  within  two  years  after  these  riots,  and  was 
buried  in  Putney  Church.  Mr.  Bray,  in  his  continuation 
of  Manning's  Surrey,  vol.  iii.  p.  293.,  says  he  was  Lord 
Mayor  of  London  at  the  time  of  Lord  George  Gordon's 
riots,  and  was  severely  censured  for  want  of  spirit. 


Wellington,  but  even  he,  perhaps,  might  have 
hesitated  what  measures  to  adopt  in  such  an 
emergency :  still  promptitude  and  unflinching 
severity  might  have  been  humanity  in  the  end. 

The  4th  (Heavy)  Dragoons,  usually  styled  Car- 
penter's Dragoons  (Lt.-Gen.  Benjamin  Carpenter 
being  Colonel),  seem  to  have  been  the  most  ac- 
tively employed  during  the  insurrection. 

I  subjoin  a  jeu  d1  esprit  of  which  the  Lord 
Mayor  was  the  subject :  — 

"  The  Lord  Mayor's  Dilemma. 
"The  Riot  quite  confus'd  the  May'r ; 
But  where's  the  wonder,  when  it 
Was  such  a  critical  affair, 

His  lordship  could  not  Ken-it" 

FlDELIS. 

PEERS  SERVING  AS  MAYORS  (2nd  S.  ix.  162.)  — 
The  following  examples  from  the  Mayors'  Roll  of 
Chester  will  show  that  the  practice  was  not  con- 
fined to  Liverpool :  — 

"1668.  Charles,  Earl  of  Derby  (two  years  after  serving 
the  like  office  in  Liverpool). 

"  1691.  Henry,  Earl  of  Warrington. 

"  1702.  William,  Earl  of  Derby. 

"  1807.  Robert,  Earl  Grosvenor." 

Of  the  instances  quoted  by  MR.  BRENT,  those 
in  1585, 1625,  and  1668,  are  not  cases  in  point,  the 
noblemen  in  question  not  being  peers  of  the  realm 
at  the  dates  of  their  mayoralty.  I  ought  to  say 
also  that  there  was  no  Frederick  Lord  Strange  in 
1585 :  the  name  is  no  doubt  a  misprint  for  Fer- 
dinando,  afterwards  Earl  of  Derby,  who  met  his 
death  by  poison  in  the  year  1594.  T.  HUGHES. 

Chester. 

In  Mr.  Skimin's  History  and  Antiquities  of 
Carrickfergus  the  following  noblemen  are  re- 
corded as  having  served  the  office  of  Mayor  of 
Carrickfergus  in  the  period  from  1523  to  1822 :  — 

"  Arthur,  second  Earl  of  Donegal,  1685  ;  Francis  Lord 
Comvay,  1729;  Arthur,  fifth  Earl  of  Donegal,  1765-1768; 
and  the  Marquess  of  Donegal,  1803,  1805,  1813,  1815,  and 
1817." 

ABHBA. 

I  do  not  know  whether  his  lordship  ever  served 
the  office  of  mayor,  but  the  borough  of  Appleby 
in  Westmorland  numbers  amongst  its  aldermen 
William  Earl  of  Lonsdale,  and  also  two  clergymen 
Another  clergyman  is  one  of  its  Town  Councillors. 
What  other  examples  have  we  of  clergymen  hold- 
ing these  civic  dignities  ?  WM.  MATTHEWS. 

Cowgill. 

"  DICKEY"  FOR  "DONKEY"  (2nd  S.ix.  232.)  - 
Knowing  that  F.  C.  H.'s  acquaintance  with  Nor- 
folk is  both  far  more  extensive,  and  of  far  longer 
standing  than  my  own,  I  promptly  withdraw  the 
statement  I  made  in  p.  131.,  as  to  the  "univer- 
sality" of  this  phrase  here.  But  in  so  doing  I  must 
add  my  own  experience,  viz.  that  during  nearly 
four  years'  residence  in  East  Norfolk  (near  the 
coast)  I  have  never  heard  from  man,  woman,  or 


2°*  S.  IX.  AmiL  14.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


293 


child  amongst  the  lower  classes  any  other  name 
than  a  "  dickey  "  applied  to  a  donkey  ;  while  a 
donkey-cart  is  here  always  called  "  a  dickey-and- 
cart."  Before  I  myself  adopted  the  phrase,  I 
found  on  more  than  one  occasion  that  the  village 
children  did  not  know  what  I  meant  when  I  spoke 
to  them  of  a  "  donkey."  Nearly  all  over  England 
when  a  donkey  is  called  by  a  "pet  name"  at  all, 
he  is  called  "  Neddy  : "  but  I  doubt  whether  "  a 
neddy  "  is  the  ordinary  designation  for  the  animal 
(as  I  think  F.  C.  H.  will  allow  that  "  a  dickey"  ^is, 
amongst  the  Norfolk  poor),  or  "  a  neddy-cart  "  for 
a  donkey-cart.  The  Query,  thrown  in  at  the  end 
of  a  reply  to  another  correspondent,  was  perhaps 
a  trivial  one;  yet  MR.  Rix's  communication*^. 
229.),  which  might  be  greatly  enlarged,  shows 
how  much  of  instruction  often  lies  concealed 
under  our  vernacular  phraseology.  ACHE. 

Let  me  add  to  the  familiar  names  of  this  much- 
abused  animal,  Cuddy  (i.e.  Cuthbert),  which  I 
have  heard  in  the  county  of  Durham,  and  Jenny, 
the  usual  name  for  the  female  ass  in  South  York- 
shire. 

I  may  add  also,  in  connexion  with  this,  that 
when  the  spirming-jenny  was  superseded  by  the 
much  more  powerful  machine  now  in  use,  the 
latter  received  the  name  of  mule.  In  like  manner 
the  machine  which  spins  the  wool  into  a  state 
ready  for  the  mule  (slubbing  is  the  technical 
term)  is  called  a  Billy ;  so  when  a  certain  much- 
enlarged  form  of  scribbling  or  carding  machine 
was  first  introduced  it  was  called  Big  Ben. 
Perhaps  also  the  name  Willy,  applied  to  the  ma- 
chine which  tears  the  wool  to  pieces  in  the  first 
process  connected  with  cloth  making,  is  of  similar 
origin.  J.  EASTWOOD. 

THE  DE  HTJNGERFORD  INSCRIPTION  (2nd  S.  ix.. 
49. 165.) — I  would  refer  your  correspondents  upon 
this  subject  to  Lansd.  MS.  901.,  wherein  is  a  good 
account  of  the  De  Hungerford  family.  To  the 
pedigree  the  following  memorandum  of  Sir  Robert 
is  added  :  — 

"  Sr  Rob*  de  Hungerford.     1  Edw.  1.  He  was  a  Comissr 
to  enquire  into  ye  estates  of  Hugh  Le  Despenser  and  his 
son.    8  Edw.  3.  He  gave  lands  to  Ivy  church  in  Wilts, 
also  to  ye  Hospital  of  St.  John  at  Cain"  for  a  mass  for  the 
soul  of  Joan  his  wife.    Likewise  lands  in  Hungerford  and  , 
elsewhere  for  a  mass  in  y«  church  of  St.  Lawrence  at  ! 
Hungerford  for  the  soul  of  himself,  his  wife  Geva  or 
Joan,  and  divers  others,  and  dying  s.  p.  (for  his  brother  ; 
was  his  heir)  28  Edw.  3.  was  burd  in  a  chap,  on  ye  S.  ' 
side  of  Hung.  ch.     His  effigies  in  stone,  cross  legged,  lay 
against  ye  wall,  but  is  now  removed  and  muck  defaced. 
The  following  inscription  remains  on  a  yellow  marble  ab*  ! 
2  f*  sqr  fixed  into  ye  wall.     The  arms  on  ye  stone  are  bis  I 
mother's  and  not  those  of  his  father.     [Here  follows  a 
draught  of  the  monument  with  the  arms  in  colours  in  [ 
the  centre  of  the  lower  arc  of  the  quatrefoil.]     Sr  Will. 
Dugdale  by  mistake  says  this  inscription  is  in  a  glass  I 
window." 

The   copyist   of  this   inscription   has   given   it  | 
nearly  the  same  with   your  correspondents,  ex- 


cepting that  he  appears  to  have  turned  Eveques 
into  Pisqes  (line  5.),  and  quei  into  quel  (line  6.). 

ABRACADABRA. 

EPIGRAM  ON  HOMER  (2lld  S.  ix.  206.)  —  In  the 
"  Greek  Anthology  "  edited  by  Mr.  Burges,  Lon- 
don^ Bohn,  1852,  occur  three  Epigrams  on  Homer 
in  connexion  with  his  birth-place,  but  none  of 
them  to  the  same  purpose  as  Heywood's.  Indeed 
the  first  is  an  Epigram  only  in  the  primary  sense 
of  the  word,  viz.  an  Inscription  merely  :  — 

"  Seven  Cities  contend  for  the  origin  of  Homer,  Cj7me, 
Smyrna,  Chios,  Colophon,  Pylos,  Argos,  Athens."  —  P.  6. 
No.  xix. 

The  authorship  of  the  above  is  stated  to  be  un- 
certain. The  following  note  is  appended  :  — 

"  A.  Gellius  in^  Noct.  Attic,  in.  11.  has  Sjuv'p™,  'P6So<r, 
xlv,  *Ios,  * 


The  next  is  by  Antipater  of  Sidon,  and  is  thus 
rendered  by  Mr.  J.  H.  Merivale  :  — 

"  From  Colophon  some  deem  thee  sprung  ; 

From  Smyrna  some,  and  some  from  Chios  ; 
These  noble  Salamis  have  sung, 

While  those  proclaim  thee  born  in  Jos  ; 

And  others  cry  up  Thessaly, 

The  mother  of  the  Lapitha?. 

Thus  each  to  HOMER  has  assigned 

The  birthplace  just  which  suits  his  mind  ; 
But  if  I  read  the  volume  right, 

By  Phoebus  to  his  followers  given, 
I'd  say  —  They're  all  mistaken  quite, 

And  that  his  real  country's  HEAVEN  ; 

While  for  his  Mother,  she  can  be 

No  other  than  Calliope'."  * 

The  third  is  of  uncertain  authorship  :  — 

"  Not  the  plain  of  Smyrna  produced  the  divine  Homer, 
nor  Colophon,  the  bright  star  of  the  luxurious  Ionia  ;  not 
Chios,  nor  fruitful  Egypt;  not  holy  Cyprus,  nor  the  an- 
cient Island  (Ithaca)  the  country  of  Laertiades  ;  not  Ar- 
gos (the  land)  of  Danaus  and  the  Cyclopean  MyceW,  nor 
the  city  of  the  Cecropians  descended  from  old  ;  for  he  was 
not  by  nature  a  production  of  the  Earth  ;  but  the  Muses 
sent  him  from  the  Sky,  that  he  might  bring  gifts  desired 
by  beings  of  a  day."| 

In  my  last  Note  Dr.  Seward's  modification  of 
Heywood's  Epigram  was  misprinted  ;  wliich  (writ- 
ten with  the  common  contraction  ivh)  being  mis- 
taken for  all  :  — 

"  Seven  mighty  Cities  strove  for  Homer  dead, 
Through  which  the  living  Homer  begged  his  bread." 

Query.  Was  Heywood  the  original  author  of 
the  Epigram,  or  can  it  be  traced  to  an  earlier 
source?  Query,  also,  what  is  meant  by  the  refer- 
ence "  Ath.  i.  384."  given  in  the  Life  of  Tasso  f 

ElRIONNACH. 

EARLY  COMMUNION  (2nd  S.  ix.  222.)  —  In  the 
parish  church  of  Usk,  Monmouthshire,  the  Holy 
Communion  has,  up  to  the  last  year,  always  been 
administered  after  morning  prayers  at  six  o'clock 

*  P.  201.  Edwards'  Selections,  No.  CLI. 
t  P.  286.  No.  cccxc.    I  have  made  a  slight  alteration 
in  Mr.  B.'s  version  of  the  last  Epigram. 


294 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  APRIL  U.  '6-\ 


on  Easter  Sunday  and  on  Christmas  Day  ;  and  it 
was  customary  for  people  to  come  in  from  the 
country  parishes  to  attend  these  services.  It  was 
administered  again  after  the  usual  morning  ser- 
vice at  eleven  o'clock.  Having  been  absent,  I 
cannot  speak  as  to  the  last  year. 

In  many  churches  in  Monmouthshire,  and  I  be- 
lieve in  Glamorganshire  and  Breconshire,  there 
are  early  services  at  5  A.M.  or  6  A.M.  on  Christmas 
Day  ;  but  I  do  not  know  whether  the  Holy  Com- 
munion is  always  administered  at  that  time. 

ISCA. 

FRANCES  LADY  ATKYNS  (2nd  S.  ix.  197.)  — At 
p.  9.  of  Harl.  MS  S.,  No.  5801.,  there  is  a  pedigree 
of  the  Atkyns  family,  from  which  it  appears  that 
Sir  Edward  Atkyns  married,  secondly,  Frances, 

daughter  of Berry  of  Lydd  in  Kent,  who 

was  living  1699,  and  died,  anno  1702,  "very  old." 

The  pedigree  of  the  Berrys,  as  given  in  Berry's 
Kent  Pedigrees,  p.  264.,  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  Geoffry  Berry  married  Ann,  daughter  of  Ralph  Wil- 
cocks,  and  had  issue  a  son  John  Berry  of  Lydd  in  Kent 
(a  Captain),  who  married  Phoebe,  daughter  of  Richard 
Allard  of  Biddenden  in  Kent,  by  whom  he  had  issue  Ed- 
ward Berry,  eldest  son,  aged  17,  1619 ;  John  Berry,  aged 
10, 1619;  Geoffry  Berry,  third  son ;  and  three  daughters, 
viz.  Elizabeth,  Catherine,  and  FRANCES." 

J.  J.  HOWARD. 

Lee. 

"  Sir  Edward  Atkins  of  Kensington,  Oxon.,  one  of  the 
Judges  of  the  Common  Pleas,  knighted  2  July,  1660, 
married,  1st,  Ursula,  daughter  of  Sir  Edw.  Dacres  of  Ches- 

hunt,  co.  Hertford ;  and  2nd,  Frances,  daughter  of 

Berry  of  Lydd  in  Kent,  ob.  1702  of  very  old  age.    It  is 

most  probable  that  she  was  the  widow  of Goulston." 

Vide  Le  Neve's  Pedigrees  of  Knights,  Harl.  MS.  5801. 

She  is  said  to  have  written  her  will  with  her 
own  hand  at  the  age  of  ninety-two.  See  Monu- 
menta  Anglicana.  CL.  HOPPER. 

STEELE  OF  GADGIRTH  (2nd  S.  ix.  244.)  — I  can- 
not give  the  parentage  of  Mr.  Steele  —  known  as 
the  Rev.  John  Steele  —  but  he  married,  first,  the 
heiress  of  Chalmers  of  Gadgirth,  and  on  her 
death,  childless,  that  estate  devolved  upon  him. 
He  married,  secondly,  Christian,  second  daughter 
of  John  Steuart,  seventh  laird  of  Dalguise,  co. 
Perth;  and  by  her  he  had  two  daughters'  and 
co-heirs:  1.  Julia,  married  Francis  Redfearn, 
Esq.,  of  Langton,  North  Yorkshire,  J.  P. ;  son  of 
William  Redfearn,  of  Thornhill,  West  Yorkshire, 
by  Ruth,  sister  of  Sir  Francis  Sykes,  first  baronet 
of  that  family.  2.  Margaret,  married  Colonel 
Burnett,  resident  at  Gadgirth.  I  am  partly  in- 
debted to  Burke'a  Landed  Gentry  (1843),  p.  1299, 
for  the  above  information.  Q.  F.  V.  F. 

JEWS  IN  ENGLAND  (2nd  S.  viii.  447.)  —  The 
State  Papers  referred  to  by  MR.  JOHN  S.  BURN, 
for  returns  of  the  number  of  strangers  in  1563  in 
London,  would  most  probably,  if  examined,  afford 
evidence  of  the  presence  of  Jews  in  England  at 


that  time,  Spanish  and  Portuguese  refugee  Jews 

passing  as  Protestants.     It  is  doubtful  if  at  any 

i  period  during  the  sixteenth  century  the  Jews  were 

|  absent  from  England.  HYDE  CLARKE. 

i       Smyrna. 

DECLENSION  OF  NOUNS  BY  INTERNAL  INFLEXION 
j  (2nd  S.  ix.  180.)  — The  instances  are  exceptions  to 
I  rules,  and  are  found  in  the  irregular  and  most 
|  ancient  nouns,  as  in  Icelandic  fothir,  pater,  and 
I  foethur,  patri  or  patrem,  brother,  sing,  and  brcethr 
pi. ;  in  Friesic  fot  sing,  fet  pi.,  mon  sing,  man  or 
men  pi.,  fjand  sing,  fjund  pi. ;  in  German  mutter 
sing,  muetter  pi.,  tochter  sing,  toechter  pi. ;  in  Eng- 
lish, man,  men,  woman,  women,  goose,  geese,  tooth, 
teeth,  foot,  feet,  &c.     The  interna  flexio  of  Zeuss 
occurs  oftener  in  the  irregular  verbs  of  the  Indo- 
!  European  class,  of  which  we  have  instances  in 
English,  e.g.  abide,  abode,   arise,  arose,  awake, 
awoke,   begin,   began,   begun,   come,   came,   dig, 
dug,  &c.     In  the  Shemitic  languages  it  is  of  com- 
mon occurrence.      In   the   Sanscrit  it  is  distin- 
guished by  the  terms  guna  (force,  emphasis)  and 
vriddhi  (augment),  explained  in  Donaldson's  New 
Cratylus,  s.  223.     Bopp  (Comparative  Grammar) 
discovered,  in  studying  Grimm's  Deutsche  Gram,' 
matik,  the  guna  in  Gothic.     The  three  works  last 
named,  with  Pott's  Etymological  Researches,  are 
to  be  consulted  on  this  subject;  but  it  may  be  well 
to  add  that  in  this  etymological  mass  of  informa- 
tion, whilst  the  material  is  most  valuable,  many 
errors  may  be  expected  from  too  scanty  induction 
leading  to  imperfect  hypotheses.     T.  J.  BUCKTON. 
Liehfield. 

MEMORANDUM  BOOK  ON  ART  (2ad  S.  vi.  245.) — 
If  G.  A.  C.  will  turn  to  the  article  "MATTHEW 
BRETTINGHAM,"  in  the  Dictionary  of  Architecture, 
now  publishing  by  the  Architectural  Publication 
Society,  he  will  find  the  corroboration  he  re- 
quires :  — 

"  The  Description  (to  Plans,  8fc.,  of  Holkham,  in  Nor- 
folk, published  by  Brettingham  in  '1761,  and  again  in 
1773,)  shows  that  he  was  purchasing,  in  1750,  pictures 
and  statues  in  Italy :  he  was  in  that  country  in  April, 
1748,  with  Hamilton,  Stuart,  and  Revett,  as  stated  iu 
their  Antiquities  of  Athens,  1813,  iv.  preface  xxix." 

W.  P. 

FAMILY  OF  COLLETT  (2nd  S.  ix.  223.)  —  I  have 
in  my  possession  a  copy  of  Knight's  Life  of  Colet, 
which  is  disfigured  by  certain  notes  appended  by 
a  descendant  of  the  good  Dean,  to  whom  the  book 
belonged  in  the  year  1774.  These  annotations  are 
for  the  most  part  very  silly,  consisting  of  such 
remarks  as  "  Glorious  Dr.  Colet,"  "  Noble  Dr. 
Colet,"  "  Here  was  an  honour  to  my  ancestor  be- 
fore all  the  people,"  &c.  I  refer  to  them  only  for 
the  purpose  of  quoting  the  following  passage, 
which  bears  upon  the  Query  of  your  correspon- 
dent ST.  Liz.  On  p.  26.,  where  Knight  is  speak- 
ing of  Colet's  natural  disposition,  the  annotator 


S.  IX.  An:iL  14.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


295 


has  written,  "  This  high  spirit  has  appeared  since 
in  the  Henry  and  John  Colletts  of  Lower  Slaugh- 
ter, Bourton,  and  Naunton,  Gloucestershire."  I 
can  vouch  for  the  existence  of  more  than  one 
family  of  that  name  in  the  above  locality  a  few 
years  ago ;  as  to  their  retention  of  the  ancestral 
"high  spirit"  I  can  offer  no  opinion. 


opinion 

W.  J.  DEANE. 

A  LEGEND  OF  THE  ZUIDERZEE  (2nd  S.  ix.  140.)  — 
A  somewhat  similar  instance  of  worldly  wisdom  to 
that  shown  by  Ivo  (not  Tvo)  Hoppers,  I  find  re- 
corded in  K.  E.  Oelsner's  Verhandeling  over  Ma- 
homed, of  Tafereel  van  den  Invloed  van  zijne 
Godsdienstlecr  op  de  Volken  der  Middeleeuwen. 
Ecne  Prijsverhandeling,  bekroond  door  het  Institunt 
van  Kunsten  en  Wetcnschappen  in  Frankrijk. 
Naar  de  verm,  en  door  den  Schr.  verb.  Hoogd.  Uitg. 
Te  Franeher,  ly  G.  Ypma,  1820  (1  vol.  in  8vo.)- 
On  p.  8.  it  says  :  — 

"  The  history  of  the  Arabic  tribes,  mixed  up  as  it  is 
with  fables,  does  not  reach  up  higher  than  to  that  re- 
markable revolution  which  is  celebrated  under  the  name 
of  the  Breaking -through  near  Mareb  or  Saba  * ;  an  occur- 
rence, in  all  likelihood,  contemporary  with  the  rise  of  the 
Sassanides  (Sassanians  ?),  a  well-known  Persian  clynasty. 

"  In  olden  time  Saba,  a  son  of  Yak-Hehel,  had  built  a 
dike  of  tremendous  dimensions  between  two  mountains, 
and  thus  gathered  into  a  large  basin  the  water  coming 
down  from  seventy  torrents,  in  order  to  let  it  out  at  set 
periods  through  floodgates,  contrived  for  the  purpose,  and 
irrigate  the  circumjacent  fields.  In  course  of  time,  or  by 
fortuitous  events,  the  dike  had  become  unsafe.  A  Ham- 
yarite  f,  named  Amru  Ben  Amez,  foresaw  its  giving  way, 
which  soon  afterwards  occurred.  But  not  before  he  had 
precipitately  removed  with  all  that  belonged  to  his  family. 
According  to  Sylvestre  de  Sacy  this  removal  took  place 
in  the  150th  to*170th  year  of  our  era. 

"  After  his  departure  from  Yemen,  Amez  wandered  to- 
wards the  regions  where  the  children  of  Akk,  the  brother 
of  Maad,  the  son  of  Adnan,  resided.  These  allowed  him 
to  settle  in  their  lands,  whilst  he  sent  out  three  of  his 
sons  with  other  fugitives  to  discover  a  fit  dwelling-place. 
Amru  Ben  Amer,  however,  did  not  live  to  see  them  come 
back,  and  Taleba,  one  of  his  sons,  placed  himself  at  the 
head  of  his  people." 

Do  any  vestiges  of  the  old  Saba  dike  still  exist, 
and  what  became  of  the  disrupted  waters  ?  Did 
they  follow  up  their  old  courses  again  ? 

J.  H.  VAN  LENNEP. 

Zeyst. 

FORESHADOWED  PHOTOGRAPHY  (2nd  S.  ix.  122.) 
Bishop  Wilkins's  plan  for  representing  letters  on 

*  Saba  in  Yemen  is  identical  with  Marob  [sic].  On 
the  authority  of  Hamza,  Sylvestre  de  Sacy  brings  back 
this  violent  breaking  through  of  the  waters  (sell  alarini) 
to  about  400  years  before  Mahomet.  See  Mem.  de  Liter. 
t.  xlviii.  p.  545. 

t  The  names  of  Hamyarite  and  of  Sabaene  are  appel- 
ations  of  identical  signification,  though  the  second  per- 
tain to  a  particular  tribe  of  Saba's  lineage.  Homeir 
neans  red.  The  founder  of  this  family  received  this  sur- 
name from  the  red  suit  with  which  he  constantly  ap- 
i  in  public.  Cf.  Volney,  Chronologic  d'Iferodote,  p. 


a  wall  has  nothing  to  do  with  photography.  It 
is  a  simple  optical  experiment,  by  Avhich  any 
characters  painted  with  some  opaque  substance 
on  a  mirror  are  represented  when  the  light  of  the 
sun  is  reflected  by  the  mirror  upon  a  wall. 

If  the  mirror  is  held  so  as  to  face  the  sun,  and 
the  reflection  thrown  upon  a  wall  in  the  shade, 
the  characters  will  be  those  traced  on  the  mirror, 
but  inverted  with  respect  to  right  and  left. 

If  the  mirror  be  laid  on  the  ground,  so  that  the 
light  is  reflected  to  a  wall  facing  the  sun,  but  on  a 
shaded  part  of  the  wall,  the  characters  repre- 
sented by  reflection  will  be  those  on  the  mirror, 
but  inverted  with  respect  to  top  and  bottom. 

The  experiment  can  be  tried  in  a  room,  and  is 
very  easily  made  ;  but  it  is  no  step  at  all  towards 
photography.  T.  C. 

Durham. 

"  SONGS  AND  POEMS  OF  LOVE  AND  DROLLERY  " 
(2na  S.  ix.  102.)  —  Thomas  Weaver  was  certainlyx 
the  author  of  this  book.  He  was  turned  out  of 
the  University  of  Oxford  by  the  Presbyterians  for 
writing  the  volume,  and  his  book  was  denounced 
as  a  seditious  libel  against  the  government.  He 
afterwards  degenerated  into  the  office  of  an  excise- 
man at  Liverpool,  where  he  was  called  Captain 
Weaver,  and  where  he  is  supposed  to  have  died 
in  obscurity  about  1G62.  There  is  a  rare  portrait 
of  him  by  Marshall,  prefixed  to  his 

"  Plantagenet's  Tragical  Story,  or  the  Death  of  King 
Edward  the  Fourth;  with  the  Unnatural  Voyage  of 
Richard  the  Third  through  the  Red  Sea  of  his  Innocent 
Nephews'  Bloud  to  his  Usurped  Crown,  8vo.  1649." 

The  Songs  and  Poems  of  Love  and  Drollery  are 
not  so  rare  as  Beloe  supposed.  Copies  occur  in 
the  sale  catalogues  of  most  of  the  eminent  collec- 
tors of  old  English  poetry.  Heber's  copy  (Part 
IV.  No.  2379.)  was  purchased  by  Thorpe  for 
2/.  5s.  A  perfect  copy  may  be  seen  at  Oxford 
among  Malone's  books  in  the  Bodleian. 

EDWARD  F.  RIMBAULT. 

ARCHIEPISCOPAL  MITRES  (2nd  S.  ix.  188.) — I 
have  always  understood  that  there  was  no  dif- 
ference between  the  archiepiscopal  and  the  epis- 
copal mitre,  and  that  the  Bishop  of  Durham  alone 
bears  the  mitre  issuing  out  of  a  ducal  coronet  in 
right  of  the  Palatinate.  This  is  the  view  taken 
by  Robson  in  his  British  Heraldry,  who  adds  :  — 
"  Many  writers  on  heraldry  have  copied  each 
other  in  assigning  a  ducal  coronet  to  the  archie- 
piscopal mitre,  but  it  is  an  error  which  ought  to 
be  rectified."  G.  H.  D. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

The  Life  of  Edmond  Malone,  Editor  of  Shakspeare, 
with  Selections  from  his  Manuscript  Anecdote?.  By  Sir 
James  Prior.  With  a  Portrait.  (Smith,  Elder,  &  Co.) 

We  entirely  agree  with  Sir  James  Prior,  that  "  he  who 


296 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"d  S.  IX.  APRIL  14.  '60. 


has  expended  learning  and  industry  in  making  known 
the  lives  and  labours  of  others  deserves  the  record  he  be- 
stows." That  Maloiie  was  of  this  class  all  students  of 
Shakspeare  and  Dryden  know  full  well ;  and  every  one 
who,  like  ourselves,  delights  in  anecdotical  literature,  will 
hold  that  it  was  a  fortunate  moment  when  the  author  of  the 
work  before  us  was  induced  to  look  over  the  books,  letters, 
and  memoranda  of  the  great  commentator,  which  form 
the  basis  of  this  very  amusing  volume.  Malone,  blest  with 
independence,  and  devoting  himself  to  letters  from  a  pure 
love  of  literature,  passed  a  life  which  was  barren  of  inci- 
dents calculated  to  invest  his  biography  with  any  great 
amount  of  interest.  But  associating  as  he  did  with  the 
best  and  wisest  of  his  contemporaries,  and  jotting  down, 
as  was  his  wont,  their  remarks  and  his  own  on  all  that 
was  notable  among  men,  and  books,  it  is  not  to  be  won- 
dered at  that  with  such  materials  Sir  James  Prior  has 
produced  a  volume  so  full  of  pleasant  gossip,  —  now  of 
Shakspeare  and  Spenser,  now  of  Pope  and  "  Lady  Mary," 
now  of  Sir  Robert  Walpole  and  Junius,  now  of  Sir  Joshua, 
and  now  of  Dr.  Johnson  —  that  it  bids  fair  to  rival  that 
storehouse  of  literary  odds  and  ends,  the  well-known 
Anecdotes  of  Books  and  Men  by  Joseph  Spence. 

A  Dictionary  of  Dates  relating  to  all  Ages  and  Nations, 
for  Universal  Reference ;  comprehending  Remarkable  Oc- 
currences, Ancient  and  Modern,  fyc.,  Sfc.  By  Joseph  Haydn. 
Ninth  Edition,  revised  and  greatly  enlarged  by  Benjamin 
Vincent.  (Moxon  &  Co.) 

The  great  value  of  this  Dictionary  of  Dates  has  been 
so  generally  recognised,  that  it  has  already  reached  a 
Ninth  Edition.  This  Ninth  Edition  may,  however,  be 
considered  rather  as  a  new  book,  thanks  to  the  care  and 
pains  bestowed  upon  it  by  Mr.  Vincent,  who  has  revised 
and  continued  the  chronological  tables ;  inserted  above 
five  hundred  new  articles ;  rewritten  a  large  number  of 
others;  compared  the  important  dates  Avith  recognised 
authorities;  and  supplied  much  biographical,  geogra- 
phical, literary,  and  scientific  information.  The  volume, 
indeed,  contains  so  vast  a  mass  of  well-digested,  and 
therefore  readily  available  dates  and  facts,  as  to  become 
almost  an  indispensable  companion  to  every  library. 

Wycliffe  and  the  Huguenots,  or  Sketches  of  the  Rise  of 
the  Reformation  in  England,  and  of  the  Early  History  of 
Protestantism  in  France.  By  the  Rev.  William  Hanna, 
LL.D.  (Constable  &  Co.)  ' 

In  this  little  volume,  which  contains  the  substance  of 
two  courses  of  lectures  delivered  before  the  Philosophical 
Institution  of  Edinburgh,  the  reader  who  may  be  disin- 
clined to  wade  through  the  more  elaborate  works  which 
have  from  time  to  time  appeared  upon  the  life  and  writ- 
ings of  our  first  reformer,  or  on  the  rise  and  progress  of 
Protestantism  in  France,  will  find  the  salient  points  of 
both  brought  before  him  in  a  very  effective  manner.  And 
if,  as  is  probable,  he  should  from  the  perusal  of  these 
sketches  become  so  interested  in  the  story  of  YVyclifFe  and  of 
the  Huguenots  as  to  wish  to  become  more  fully  acquainted 
with  them,  Dr.  Hanna  has  in  his  Preface  supplied  him 
with  ample  references  to  the  best  authorities  on  the  re- 
spective subjects. 

The  Magazines  of  this  month,  which  we  have  been 
unable  to  notice  until  now,  are  all  good ;  for  while  Fraser 
delights  us  with  papers  of  its  usual  able  and  instructive 
character,  it  gives  in  addition  the  commencement  of  a 
new  tale  by  Mr.  Peacock,  which  will  please  his  old  ad- 
mirers.— The  Cornhill  Magazine  improves,  if  it  be  pos- 
sible, with  age.  Lovell  the  Widower,  Framley  Parsonage, 
and  Mr.  Sala's  Hogarth,  are  all  admirable  this  month. — 
Tom  Brown  at  Oxford  is  now  among  breakers ;  but  Mr. 
Hughes  bids  fair  by  this  contribution  to  Macmillan's 
Magazine  both  to  secure  the  popularity  of  that  journal," 


and  to  reverse,  in  the  case  of  his  admirable  story,  the  old 
and  stereotyped  decision  that  "  continuations  ""are  never 
successful. 

BOOKS  RECEIVED. — 

Memoirs,  Journal,  and  Correspondence  of  Thomas  Moore, 
Sj-c.  People's  Edition.  Part  III.  (Longman.) 

This  third  Part,  which  is  embellished  with  a  portrait 
of  Rogers,  brings  down  the  Memoirs  of  the  poet  to  the 
close  of  the  year  1819,  when  he  was  sojourning  in  Rome. 

Routledge's  Illustrated  Natural  History.  By  the  Rev. 
J.  G.  Wood.  Parts  XII.  and  XIII.  (Routledge  &  Co.) 

The  present  parts  of  this  beautifully  illustrated  Natural 
History  is  occupied  for  the  most  part  with  descriptions  of 
"  Rats  and  Mice  and  such  small  Deer." 


BOOKS     AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.  of  the  following  Book  to  be  sent  direct 
the  gentleman  by  whom  it  is  required,  and  whose  name  and  i  " " 
are  given  for  that  purpose : 

P.  BERCHORII,  BIBLIA  MORALIS.  Tomus  Secundus.  Folio.  Nuremburg. 
1489. 

"Wanted  by  C.  Havell,  Bay  House,  Portsea. 


to 

In  order  to  find  room  for  the  great  number  of  short  Replies  which  he 
been  for  some  time  in  hand,  we  have  been  compelled  to  postpone  ma. 
articles  of  interest,  and  some  of  our  Notes  on  Books,  including  those  t 
the  new  edition  of  Sir  E.  Tennenfs  Ceylon,  and  the  Carew  Letters  ' 
published  by  the  Camden  Society. 

JAYDEE  is  requested  to  say  how  a  letter  may  be  addressed  to  him. 

RALPH  WOODMAN.  Most  biographical  dictionaries  (five  an  account 
Orator  Henley.  Consult  also  "N.  &  Q.,"  1st  S.  xii.  44.  88.  155.;  2nd  i 
ii.  443-s  V.  150. 

F.  W.    On  the  title  of"  Reverend,"  see  our  1st  S.  v.  273.  j  vi.  55.  246. 

"NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  w  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is 
tisued  in    MONTHLY  PARTS.     TJie  subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Ha 
yanrly  INDEX)  is  \ls.td.,  which  may  be  naid  by  Post  Office  Order 
favour  of  MBS?RS.  BELL  AND  DAI.DT  ^ISG.  FLEET  STREET,  E.C.s 


all  COM 


should  be  addressed. 


DIAPHANIE,  or  the   Art  of  Imitating   Stained 
Glass,  adapted  for  Church  or  Staircase  Windows,  Conservatories, 
&c.    A.  MARION  &  CO.  suggest  to  those  whose  windows  overlook  un- 
sightly walls,  or  objects,  that  the  art  of  DIAPHANIE  offers  to  them  a 
means  of  remedying  the  inconvenience  at  a  trifling  cost. 

Book  of  Instructions  sent  Post  Free  for  Gd.  Book  of  Etchiu<rs  Post 
Free  Gratis.  A  handsome  specimen  of  the  art  adapted  to  their  shop 
doors  may  be  seen  at  A.  MARION  &  CO.'s,  152.  Regent  Street,  London, 
W.  Wholesale  and  Retail. 

Agents  at  Leeds;  MESSRS.  HARVEY,  REYNOLDS  &  FOWLER. 

ACHROMATIC      MICROSCOPES.  —  SMITH, 
BECK  &  BECK.  MANUFACTURING  OPTICIANS,  6.  Cole- 
man  Street,  London,  E.C.  have  received  the  COUNCIL  MEDAL  of 
1851,  and  the  FIRST-CLASS  PRIZE 


the  GREAT  EXHIBITION  of  1851, 


MEDAL  of  the  PARIS  EXHIBITION  of  1855,  "  For  the  excellence 
of  their  Microscopes." 

An  Illustrated  Pamphlet  of  the  10*.  EDUCATIONAL  MICRO- 
SCOPE, sent  by  Post  on  receipt  of  Six  Postage  Stamps. 

A  GENERAL  CATALOGUE  may  be  had  on  application. 


H 


ANDSOME  BRASS  and  IRON  BEDSTEADS. 


HEAL  &  SON'S  Show  Rooms  contain  a  large  Assortment  of  Brass 
Bedsteads,  suitable  both  for  Home  Use  and  for  Tropical  Climates ; 
handsome  Iron  Bedsteads  with  Brass  Mountings  and  elegantly  Japan- 
Tied;  Plain  Iron  Bedsteads  for  Servants;  every  description  of  Wood 
Bedstead  that  is  manufactured,  in  Mahogany,  Birch,  Walnut  Tree 
Woods,  Polished  Deal  and  Japanned,  all  fitted  with  Bedding  and  Fur- 
nitures complete,  as  well  as  every  description  of  Bedroom  Furniture. 

SEAL    &    SON'S    ILLUSTRATED    CATA- 
LOGUE, containing  Designs  and  Prices  of  100  BEDSTEADS,  as 
as  of  150  different  ARTICLES  of  BED-ROOM  FURNITURE, 
SBNT  FREE  BY  POST. 


HEAL  &  SON,  Bedstead,  Bedding,  and  Bed-room  Furniture 
Manufacturers,  196.  Tottenham-court  Road,  W. 


2n(l  S.  IX.  APRIL  14.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


UNITED   KINGDOM 
LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  LONDON, 

The  Hon.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  Esq.,  Deputy  Chairman. 

FOURTH  DIVISION  OF  PROFITS. 

SPECIAL  NOTICE.-Parties  desirous  of  participating.!!!  the  fourth 
division  of  profits  to  be  declared  on  all  policies  effected  prior  to  the  31st 
December  next  year,  should,  in  order  to  enjoy  the  same,  make  imme- 
diate application.  There  have  already  been  three  divisions  of  profits, 
and  the  bonuses  divided  have  averaged  nearly  2  per  cent,  per  .annum  on 
the  sums  assured,  or  from  30  to  100  per  cent,  on  the  premiums.paid, 
without  imparting  to  the  recipients  the  risk  of  copartnership,  as  is  the 
case  in  mutual  societies. 

To  show  more  clearly  what  these  bonuses  amount  to,  three  following 
cases  are  put  forth  as  examples  : 

Sum  Insured.        Bonuses  added.        Amount  payable  up  to  Dec.,  1861. 
£5,000  £1,!W  10s.  *6,987  10s. 

1000  39710*.  l^l\°^ 

100  39  15s.  139  15s. 

Notwithstanding  these  4arge  additions,  the  premiums  are  on  the 
lowest  scale  compatible  with  security  for  the  payment  of  the  policy  when 
death  arises:  in  addition  to  which  advantages,  one  half  of  the  premiums 
may,  if  desired,  for  the  term  of  five  years,  remain  unpaid  at  5  per  cent, 
interest,  the  other  half  being  advanced  by  the  company  without  security 
or  deposit  of  the  policy. 

The  Assets  of  the  Company  at  the  31st  December,  1858,  exclusive  of 
the  large  subscribed  Capital,  amounted  to  €652,618  3s.  10tZ.,  all  of  which 
has  been  invested  in  Government  and  other  approved  securities. 

No  charge  for  Volunteer  Military  Corps  whilst  serving  in  the  United 
Kingdom. 

Policy  Stamps  paid  by  the  Office. 

Immediate  application  should  be  made  to  the  Resident  Director,  8. 
Waterloo  Place,  Pall  Mall.-By  order, 

P.  MACINTYRE,  Secretary. 

WESTERN    LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 

?T  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON, S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1842. 


H.  E.  Bicknell.Esq. 
T.  S.  Cocks,  Esq. 
O.  H.Drew, Esq. M. A. 
W.  Freeman,  Esq. 
F.  Fuller, Esq. 
J.H.Goodhart.EsQ. 


Director t. 


E.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Marson-Esq. 


A.  Robinson,  Esq. 
J.L.Seager,Esq. 
J. 3. White, Esq. 


Physician W.  R.  Basham,  M.D. 

Bankers — Messrs.  Cocks,  Biddulph.andCo. 
Actuary —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  this  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  pajing  a  Premium,  as  permission  is  given  upon 
application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  the  con- 
ditions detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

LOANS  from  100Z.  to  500?.  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 
Security. 

Attention  is  also  invited  to  t*e  rates  of  annuity  granted  to  oldlivesi 
for  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 
Example :  100?.  cash  paid  down  purchases— An  annuity  of— 
£  s.  d. 

lo   4    o  to  a  male  life  aged  60) 
12    s    I  65lPayableaslong 

70  f    as  he  is  alive. 
18  11  10  757 


MR. 


Now  ready,  10th  Edition,  price  7s.  6d.,  of 

SCRATCHLEY'S     MANUAL, 


'RIENDLY  SOCIETIES,  with  RULES,  TABLES,  and  an  EXPO- 
;  >N  of  the  TRUE  LAW  OF  SICKNESS. 

I W  &  SONS,  Fetter  Lane  ;  and  LAYTONS,  150.  Fleet  Street,  E.C. 

PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS   is  the   CHEAPEST 

HOUSE  in  the  Trade  for  PAPER  and  ENVELOPES,  &c.  Useful 
Cream-laid  Note.  5  Quires  for  6rf.  Super  Thick  ditto.  5  Quires  for  Is. 
Super  Cream-laid  Envelopes,  f>d.  per  100.  Sermon  Paper,  4s.,  Straw 
Paper,  2s.  &?.,  Foolscap,  fa.  6d.  per  Ream.  Manuscript  Paper,  3d.  per 
Quire.  Inrlm  Xote,  5  Quires  for  Is.  Black  bordered  Note,  5  Quires  for 

Copy  Books  copies  set).  1*.  8t?.  per  dozen.  P.  &  C.'s  Law  Pen  (as 
flexible  as  the  Quill),  2?.  per  gross. 

JTo  Charge  for  Stamping  Amis,  Crests,  4-0.  from  own  Dies. 
'  >gw3  Post  Free;  Orders  over  20s.  Carriage  paid. 

Copy  Address,  PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS, 
Manufacturing  Stationers :  1.  Chancery  Lane,  and  192.  Fleet  St.  E.C. 


riLERGY  MUTUAL    ASSURANCE  SOCIETY, 

\J  3.  Broad  Sanctuary,  Westminster. 

Patrons —  The  Archbishops  of  CANTERBURY  and  YORK. 

Trustees  — The  Bishops  of  London  and  Winchester,  the  Dean  of  West- 
minster, and  the  Archdeacon  of  Alaidstone. 

Council  of  Reference  — The  Archbishops,  and  Bishops  of  London,  Dur- 
ham and  Winchester. 

Chairman  of  Directors  —  The  Archdeacon  of  LONDON. 
Deputy  Chairman  —F.  L.  WOLLASTON,Esq.,  M.A. 

The  present  amount  assured  upon  life  exceeds  3,000,000?. 

The  invested  capital  is  upwards  of  940,000?. 

The  annual  income  is  upwards  of  120,000?. 

Clergymen,  and  the  wives,  widows,  sons,  and  daughters  of  clergymen, 
and  the  near  relations  of  clergymen,  and  the  near  relations  of  the 
wives  of  clergymen,  are  qualified  to  effect  assurances  upon  their  lives 
in  this  Society  to  any  amount  not  exceeding  5000?.  The  rates  of  pre- 
mium are  moderate  ;  there  are  no  proprietors  to  share  in  the  profits,  the 
whole  of  the  surplus  capital,  assigned  every  fifth  year,  being  appro- 
priated to  the  assured  members. 

The  next  bonus  will  be  in  the  year  1861 . 

Assurances  upon  life  may  be  made  in  this  Society  upon  payment  of 
reduced  annual  premiums,  viz.,  upon  payment  of  four-fifths  of  the 
rates  chargeable,  one-fifth  remaining  in  arrcar,  to  be  paid  off  from  time 
to  time  by  bonus. 

Prospectuses  and  forms  of  application  for  assurances  may  be  obtained 
at  the  office;  or  by  letter  to  the  Secretary. 

JOHN  HODGSON,  M.A.,  Sec. 


rpHE  AQUARIUM.—  LLOYD'S  DESCRIPTIVE 


.    and  ILLUSTRATED  LIST  of  whatever  relates  to  the  AQUA- 
RIUM, is  now  ready,  pr 
Pages,  and  87  Woodcuts 


rice  Is.;  or  by  Post  for  Fourteen  Stamps.   128 


W.ALFORD  LLOYD,  19,20,  and  20  A.  Portland  Road,  Regent's 
Park,  London,  W. 


PATENT    STARCH, 
USED  IN  TPIE  ROYAL  LAUNDRY, 

AND  PRONOUNCED  BY  HER  MAJESTY'S  LAUNDRESS,  TO  BE 
THE  FINEST  STARCH  SHE  EVER  USED. 

Sold  by  all  Chandlers,  Grocers,  &c.  &c. 
WOTHERSPOON  St  CO.,  GULSGOW  &  LONDON. 

BROWN  &  POLSON'S 

PATENT   CORN   FLOUR, 

The  Lancet  States, 

"  THIS  is  SUPERIOR  TO  ANYTHING  OP  THE  KIND  KNOWN." 

The  most  wholesome  part  of  the  best  Indian  Corn,  prepared  by  a  pro- 
ess  Patented  for  the  Three  Kingdoms  and  France,  and  wherever  it 


becomes  known  obtains  great  favour  for  Puddings,  Custards,  Blanc- 
mange :  all  the  uses  of  the  finest  arrow 
the  delicacy  of  Children  and  Invalids  :  — 


all  the  uses  of  the  finest  arrow  root,  and  especially  suited  to 


BROWN  &  POLSON, 

Manufacturers  to  Her  Majesty  the  Queen  : 

PAISLEY,  MANCHESTER,  DUBLIN,  and  LONDON. 

REDUCTION  OF  DUTY. 

TTEDGES  &  BUTLER,  having  reduced  the  prices 

JjL  of  their  WINES  in  accordance  with  the  new  Tariff,  are  now 
selling  capital  dinner  Sherry,  21s.,  30s. ,  and  36s.  per  dozen  ;  high  claj 3 
pale,  golden,  and  brown  Sherry,  42s.,  48s.,  and  54s — Good  Port,  30s.  and. 

36s Fine  old  Port,  42s.,  48s.,  54s.,  60s.— Pure  St.-Julien  Claret,  24s.  and 

30s. —Very  superior  ditto,  36s — La  Rose,  36s.,  42s.  — Finest  growth 
Claret?,  60s.,  72s.,  84s — Chablis,  36s.,  48s.-Red  and  White  Burgundy, 

36s.,  48s.  to  84s Champagne,  42s.,  54s.,  60s.,  72s Hock  and  Moselle, 

36s.,  48s.,  60s.  to  120s._East  India  Madeira,  Imperial  Tokay,  Vermuth, 
Frontignac,  Constantia,  and  every  other  description  of  Wine  —  Fine 
old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60a.  and  72s.  per  dozen.— Schiedam  Hollands, 
Marischino,  Curasao,  Cherry  Brandy,  &c.  On  receipt  of  a  Post-office 
order  or  reference,  any  quantity,  with  a  Price-list  of  all  other  wines, 
will  be  forwarded  immediately  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

WINE  MERCHANTS,  &c. 
155,  REGENT  STREET,  LONDON,  W. 

and  30.  King's  road,  Brighton. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 


DUTMAJT, 

TNTRODUCER    OF  THE    SOUTH    AFRICAN 

L  PORT,  SHERRY,  &c.,  20s.  per  dozen.  BOTTLES  INCLUDED, 
an  advantage  greatly  appreciated  by  the  Public  and  a  constantly  in- 
creasing connexion,  saving  the  great  annoyance  of  returning  them. 

A  PINT  SAMPLE  op  BOTH  FOR  24  STAMPS. 

WINB  IN  CASK  forwarded  Free  to  any  Railway  Station  in  England. 
EXCELSIOR  BRANDY,  Pale  or  Brown,  15s.  per  gallon,  or  30s.  per 

dozen. 

TERMS,  CASH.    Country  Orders  must  contain  a  remittance.     Cross 
cheques  "  Bank  of  London."   Price  Lists  forwarded  on  application. 
JAMES  L.  DENMAN,  35.  Fenchurch  Street.corner  of  Railway  Place, 
London,  E.C. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«»i  g. 


APRIL  14.  'GO. 


NEW  WORK  BY  THE  AUTHOR  OF  «  MARY  POWELL,"  AND  "  THE  LADIES  OF  BEVER  HOLLOW." 

Next  Week,  post  8vo.,  with  an  Illustration, 

TOWN    AND    FOREST. 

By  the  Author  of  "  MARY  POWELL,"  and  "  THE  LADIES  or  BEVER  HOLLOW." 
London :  RICHARD  BENTLEY,  New  Burlington  Street,  W. 


This  Day  is  published,  in  post  Svo.,  6s.,  with  Portraits  of  Burke,  and  the  Earl  of  Chatham,  and  other  Illustrations. 

ANECDOTE     BIOGRAPHY. 

By  JOHN  TIMES,  F.S.A., 

Author  of  "  THINGS  NOT  GENERALLY  KNOWN." 
London :  RICHARD  BENTLEY,  New  Burlington  Street,  Publisher  in  Ordinary  to  Her  Majesty. 

LORD  DUNDONALD'S  AUTOBIOGRAPHY. 

To  be  completed  in  Two  Volumes,  the  First  Volume  of  which  is  now  ready,  price  14s. 

FROM   '^THE   TIMES,"   APRIL  5. 

•  "  If  Lord  Dundonald  finish  as  he  has  begun  the  record  of  his  career  at 
iea,  we  may  safely  predict  for  this  work  an  unbounded  popularity.  It 
rill  be  put  in  the  hands  of  the  young  to  excite  their  ardour  ;  it  will  be 


safely  predict  for  this  work  an  unbounded 

, a.  the  hands  of  the  young  to  excite  their  arc! 

devoured  in  stealth  by  some  of  them  whose  parents  have  a  horror  of  the 


sea.   Iti 
and  nava! 

scribed  wi 


a  worthy  of  one  of  the  very  best  places  on  a 
al  Memoirs,  and  is  full  of  brilliant  advent 
rith  a  dash  that  well  befits  the  deeds." 


ny  shelf  of  military 
ures,  which  are  de- 


London :  RICHARD  BENTLEY,  New  Burlington  Street,  Publisher  in  Ordinary  to  Her  Majesty. 


Now  Ready,  in  2  vols.  Svo.  with  Portrait  of  George  Rose. 

THE  DIARIES  AND  CORRESPONDENCE  OF   THE  RIGHT 

HON.  GEORGE  ROSE. 

Edited  by  the  HON.  and  REV.  LEVESON  VERNON  HARCOURT. 
FROM  "THE  TIMES,"  APRIL  11. 


ants  the  use  of  a  house  on  his  road  to  Weymouth,  and  he  applies  to 
George  Rose.  Lord  Marchmont  looks  out  for  au  executor,  and  he 
fixes  upon  George  Rose.  The  Duke  of  Northumberland  wants  a  lift 
from  the  Government,  and  he  tries  to  secure  the  good  offices  of  George 


Lord  Auckland  has  set  his  heart  on  getting  a  peerage,  and  he 
nbosoms  himself  to  George  Rose.    A  sailor  wanting  his  prize-money 


relies  on  the  favour  of  George  Rose. 

claims  to  be  rewarded  by  the  nation  for  her  services  to 


Lady  Hamilton,  urging  her 
her  services_to  Lord  ft 
depends  on  the  exertions  of '  her.  dear,  good,  good  Mr. . 


the  biography  of  such  useful  characters." 


Nelson, 
We  want 


London :  RICHARD  BENTLEY,  New  Burlington  Street,  Publisher  in  Ordinary  to  Her  Majesty. 
Now  Ready,  in  post  Svo.  with  an  Illustration,  12s.  6d. 

THE  LIVES  OF  THE  PRINCES  OF  WALES. 

By  DR.  DOR  AN,  Author  of  "  Lives  of  the  Queens  of  England." 

FROM   "  THE  ATHENE  UM." 


"  The  records  cf  English  junior  royalty  abound  in  romance  and  va- 
riety. There  is  a  sparkle  of  interest  in  all,  from  the  days  of  high  feasting 
at  Carnarvon  to  those  of  high  play  and  high  drinking  at  Brookes's,  under 
the  auspices  of  George  Augustus  Frederick,  and  Dr.  Doran  is  the  writer 
to  elicit  all  that  is  pleasant  and  curious  in  the  archives  of  the  princely 


epochs.  He  has  been  to  the  right  sources,  and  traced  our  kings  faith- 
fully to  their  cradles.  Though  abounding  in  gossip,  this  book  is  of  ab- 
solute value.  We  invite  the  reader  to  take  this  very  agreeable  book  in 
hand." 


London :  RICHARD  BENTLEY,  New  Burlington  Street,  Publisher  in  Ordinary  to  Her  Majesty. 

Printed  by  GEORGE  ANDREW  SrornswoaoE,  of  No.  10.  Little  New  Street,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  City  of  London,  at  No.  5.  New-street 
Square,  in  the  said  Parish,  and  published  by  GEORGB  BEIX,  of  No.  186.  Fleet  Street,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Dunstan  in  the  West,  in  the  City  of 
London,  Publisher,at  No.  186.  Fleet  Street, aforesaid — Saturday,  April  14,  1860. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

A  MEDIUM  OE   INTER-COMMUNICATION 

FOB 

LITERARY   MEN,   ARTISTS,   ANTIQUARIES,   GENEALOGISTS,   ETC. 

"When  found,  make  a  note  of." — CAPTAIN  CUTTLE. 


No.  225.] 


SATURDAY,  APRIL  21.  1860. 


J  Price  Fonrpence. 
Stamped  Edition,  Sd. 


TWICKENHAM    HOUSE.  —  DR.    DIAMOND 

4  (for  nine  years  Superintendent  to  the  Female  Department  of  the 
rev  County  Asylum )  has  arranged  the  above  commodious  residence, 
with  Us  extensive  ground?,  for  the  reception  of  Ladies  mentally  af- 
flicted, who  will  be  under  his  immediate  Superintendence,  and  reside 
with  his  Famiiv.  -For  terms,  &c.  apply  to  DR.  DIAMOND,  Twicken- 
ham House,  S.W.. 

«**  Trains  constantly  pass  to  and  from  London,  the  residence  being 
mbout  five  minutes'  walk  from  the  Station. 

A    LADY  accustomed  to  read  and  copy  Old  Manu- 

J\.  scripts  at  the  Museum  and  State  Paper  Office,  has  a  portion  of 
time  at  present  unoccupied  which  she  would  be  happy  to  devote  to  the 
service  of  any  Lady  or  Gentleman  who  may  require  a  Transcriber. 

Address  A.  B.,  13.  Tachbrook  Street,  Warwick  Square,  S.W. 

gR.  LOVELL'S  SCHOOL,  Winslow  Hall,  Bucks, 
for  the  Sons  of  Noblemen  and  Gentlemen  (established  1836).— 
Course  of  Tuition  is  preparatory  to  the  Public  Schools,  Eton, 
by,  and  Harrow,  Sandhurst  College,  and  the  Army  and  Navy  Ex- 
aminations.    Native  Teachers  of  French  and  German  reside  in  the 
House;  and  these  Languages  form  an  integral  part  of  the  daily  school 
duty.    The  number  of  Pupils  is  strictly  limited,  and  none  are  admitted 
beyond  fifteen  years  old. — All  further  particulars  can  be  had  of  the 
PRINCIPAL. 

ON  THE  IST  OF  MAY, 

Will  be  commenced,  in  Monthly  Numbers,  broad  Imperial  Octavo, 
each  Number  containing  J"our  Coloured  Plates,  with  Descriptive 
Letter-press,  price  2s.  6d.,  a  Mew  Periodical,  entitled 

THE   FLORAL   MAGAZINE: 

COMPRISING 

FIGURES  AND  DESCRIPTIONS  OF 

POPULAR  GARDEN  FLOWERS. 

BY 

THOMAS  MOORE,  F.L.S.,  F.H.S. 

Secretary  to  the  Floral  Committee  of  the  Horticultural  Society. 
THE  DRAWINGS  BY 

WALTER  FITCH,  F.L.S., 
Artist  of  Sir  W.  J.  Hooker's  "  Curtis'  Botanical  Magazine." 

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NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  APRIL  21. '60. 


NOW  KEADY,  PRICE  SIX  SHILLINGS. 

SERMONS 

PREACHED   IN   WESTMINSTER: 

UY    TUB 

REV.  C.  F.  SECRETAN, 

Incumbent  of  Holy  Trinity,  Vauxhall  Bridge  Road. 
The  Profits  will  be  given  to  the  Building  Fund  of  the  West- 
minster and  Pimlico   Church  of  England    Commercial 

School 

CONTENTS : 


I.  The  Way  to  be  happy. 
II.  The    Woman     taken     in 
Adultery. 

III.  The  Two  Records  of  Crea- 

tion. 

IV.  The  Fall  and  the  Repent- 
ance of  Peter. 

V.  The  Good  Daughter. 
VI.  The  Convenient  Season. 
VII.  The  Death  of  the  Martyrs. 
VIII.  God  is  Love. 
IX.  St.   Paul's    Thorn   in  the 

Flesh. 
X.  Evil  Thoughts. 


XI.  Sins  of  the  Tongue. 
XII.  Youth  and  Age. 

XIII.  Christ  our  Rest. 

XIV.  The  Slavery  of  Sin. 
XV.  The  Sleep  of  Death. 

XVI.  David's  Sin  our  Warning. 
XVII.  The  Story  of  St.  John. 
XVIII.  The  Worship  of  the  Sera- 
phim. 
XIX.  Joseph  an  Example  to  the 

Young. 

XX.  Home  Religion. 
XXI.  The  Latin  Service  of  the 
Romish  Church. 


"  Mr.  Secretan  is  a  pains-taking  writerof  practical  theology.  Called 
to  minister  to  an  intelligent  middle-class  London  congregation ,  he  has 
to  avoid  the  temptation  to  appear  abstrusely  intellectual ,_a  great  error 
with  many  London  preachers,— and  at  the  same  time  to  rise  above  the 
strictly  plain  sermon  required  by  an  unlettered  flock  in  the  country. 
He  has  hit  the  mean  with  complete  success,  and  produced  a  volume 
which  will  be  readily  bought  by  those  who  are  in  search  of  sermons  for 
family  reading.  Out  of  twenty-one  discourses  it  is  almost  impossible 
to  give  an  extract  which  would  show  the  quality  of  the  rest,  but  while 
we  commend  them  as  a  whole,  we  desire  to  mention  with  especial  re- 
spect one  on  the  '  Two  Records  of  Creation,'  in  which  the  vexata 
qucestio  of  '  Geology  and  Genesis  '  is  stated  with  great  perspicuity  and 
faithfulness:  another  on  'Home  Religiorf,'  in  which  the  duty  of  the 
Christian  to  labour  for  the  salvation  of  his  relatives  and  friends  is 
strongly  enforced,  and  one  on  the '  Latin  Service  in  the  Romish  Church,1 
which  though  an  argumentative  sermon  on  a  point  of  controversy,  is 
perfectly  free  from  a  controversial  spirit,  and  treats  the  subject  With 
great  fairness  and  ability."— Literary  C/inrchman. 

"  They  are  earnest,  thonghtful,  and  practical  —  of  moderate  length 
and  well  adapted  for  families."— English  Churchman. 

"  The  sermons  are  remarkable  for  their  'unadorned  eloquence'  and 
their  pure,  nervous  Saxon  sentences,  which  make  them  intelligible  to 
the  poorest,  and  pleasing  to  the  most  fastidious.  .  .  .  There  are  two 
wherein  Mr.  Secretan  displaysnot  only  eloquence  but  learning— that  on 
the  Mosaic  account  of  the  creation  as  reconcilable  with  the  revelations 
of  geological  science,  and  that  on  the  Latin  service  of  the  Romish 
Church  —  both  showing  liberality,  manliness,  and  good  sense."  — 
Morning  Chronicle. 

"  Mr.  Secretan  is  no  undistinguished  man  :  he  attained  a  considerable 
position  at  Oxford,  and  he  is  well  known  in  Westminster— where  he  has 
worked  for  many  years  —  no  less  as  an  indefatigable  and  self-denying 
clergyman  than  as  an  effective  preacher.  These  sermons  are  extremely 
plain  — simple  and  pre-eminently  practical— intelligible  to  the  poorest, 
while  there  runs  through  them  a  poetic_al  spirit  and  many  touches  of 
the  highest  pathos  which  must  attract  intellectual  minds."—  WeeKty 

"  This  volume  bears  evidence  of  110  small  ability  to  recommend  it  to 
our  readers.  It  is  characterised  by  a  liberality  and  breadth  of  thought 
which  might  be  copied  with  advantage  by  many  of  the  author's  bre- 
thren, while  the  language  is  nervous,  racy  Saxon.  In  Mr.  Secretau's 
sermons  there  are  genuine  touches  9f  feeling  and  pathos  which  are  im- 
pressive and  affecting  ;  —  notably  in  those  on  '  the  Woman  taken  in 
Adultery,'  and  on  '  Youth  and  Age.'  On  the  Avhole,  In  the  light  of  a 
contribution  to  sterling  English  literature,  Mr.  Secretan 's  sermons  are 
worthy  of  our  commendation." —  Globe. 

"Practical  subjects,  treated  in  an  earnest  and  sensible  manner,  give 
Mr.  C.  F.  Secretan's  Sermons  preached  in  Westminster  a  higher  value 
than  such  volumes  in  general  possess.  It  deserves  success."—  Guardian. 

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S.  IX.  APRIL  21.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


297 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  APRIL  21.  I860. 


NO.  225.— CONTENTS. 

NOTES  •  —  Gleanings  from  the  Records  of  the  Treasury,  No. 
~  2.,  297  — Mrs.  Alison  Cockburn,  298  —  Manuscript  Key  to 

Beloe's  "  Sexagenarian,"  300. 
MINOR  NOTES:  — Annexation  — Royal  Academy  — Bells  in 

the  Fidgi  Islands  —  Flock  of  Starlings  —  Shaw,  the  Life 

Guardsman :  his  County,  Notts,  302. 

QUERIES:— The  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  304  —  Leete 
Family  co.  Cambridge  — John  TJry  — Berwickshire  Sandy 
—Whipping  for  the  Ladies  —  Milbourne  Family,  co.  So- 
merset—The Rev.  Alex.  Colden  —  Titler  —  James  Dalton 

—  The  Window  Tax—  Seals  of  Lord  Hastings  of  Aberga- 
venny  —  Pamela—  Dibdin  at  the  Nore  —  Chettle  s  W elsh 
—Voltaire  — Hale  the  Piper  — Red  Gold  — Search  War- 
rants, how  executed  —  Napoleon  III.,  304. 

QUEBIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  —  Peter  Finnerty  —  "  Nouveau 
Testament  par  les  Theologiens  de  Louvain  "  —  Dr.  Thomas 
Comber— The  Christian  Advocate,  306. 

REPLIES:—  Anthony  de  Solemne,  308—  Thomas  Ady: 
Books  dedicated  to  the  Deity,  309  —  Boiled,  /&.— Wreck 
of  the  Dunbar  —  "  Comparisons  are  odorous  "  —  Maria 
or  Maria  —  Anglo-Saxon  Poems  — Witty  Classical  Quota- 
tions —  The ,  Sinews  of  War  —  Raxlands :  Mistakes  in 
reading  Old  Documents  —  Splinter-bar  —  Carnival  —  A 
Jew  Jesuit  — Donnybrook,  near  Dublin  — "Case  for  the 
Spectacles  "—Wright  of  Plowland  —  Holding  up  the  Hand 

—  Dilettanti  Society— The  Tourmaline  Crystal— Hymns 

—  Devotional   Poems  —  Bug  —  Eudo  de  Rye  —  Robert 
£eagrave  —  Jamieson's  Scottish  Dictionary  —  Dinner  Eti- 
quette —  Pigtails  and  Powder  —  Paul  Hiffernan  —  "  My 
Eye  and  Betty  Martin,"  310, 

Notes  on  Books. 


GLEANINGS  FROM  THE  RECORDS  OF  THE 
TREASURY.  — No.  II. 

The  documents  which  I  shall  now  bring  to  th£ 
notice  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  are  principally 
on  scientific  subjects  —  astronomy,  and  the  like  : 
and  wherein  the  well-known  names,  Halley,  Flam- 
stead,  Maskelyne,  and  others,  pass  rapidly  before 
us.  And  first  Edmund  Halley,  who  is  prosecuting 
his  inquiries  concerning  the  theory  of  the  mag- 
netical  direction :  — 

"  To  their  Excellencees  (sic)  the  Lords  Justices  of  England. 
"  The  humble  Peticon  of  Edmund  Halley 

"  Sheweth, 

"  That  yor  Peticon'  conceiving  that  he  hath  discovered 
the  true  cause  of  the  Variation  of  the  Compass;  hath 
obtain'd  a  small  Vessell  from  the  R*  Honble  the  Lords  of 
the  Admiralty  to  make  experiments  in  remote  parts,  pro- 
per to  ascertain  the  Theory  of  the  Magneticall  Direction, 
as  being  a  matter  of  the  greatest  moment  in  the  Art  of 
Navigation.  But  yor  Peticon'  having  occasion  in  his 
Voiage  to  make  use  of  the  Ports  of  Foreign  Nations,  as 
also  to  take  with  him  severall  chargeable  Instruments,  as 
Clocks,  Telescopes,  &c.,  proper  for  the  aforesaid  porpose 
(*/c),  as  also  for  other  Geographicall  and  Astronomicall 
Uses ;  which  charges  may  probably  amount  to  about  100 
pounds  in  the  whole : 

"  Your  Peticon'  therefore  humbly  craves  your  Ex- 
cellencies encouragement  in  allowing  him  the  said 
Sume,  for  Instruments  and  Port  Charges ;  for  the 


expence  whereof  he  will  be  accountable,  as  to  yor 
Excell.  great  wisdome  shall  seem  meet. 

"  And  yor  Peticon'  shall  ever  pray,  &c." 
Attached  to  the    preceding    petition    is    this 
letter :  — 

«  Whitehall,  20th  September,  1698. 
"  My  Lords 

"  The  Petition  of  Mr  Edmund  Halley  having  been  read 
to  the  Lords  Justices,  and  their  Excellcics  being  desirous 
to  give  him  all  due  Encouragement  in  an  undertakeing 
that  may  be  so  usefull  to  the  Publick,  do  referr  the  same 
to  your  LordP*  to  consider  of  the  same  and  to  give  him 
such  assistance  as  your  Lordr*  shall  thinke  proper. 
"  I  am, 
"  My  Lords, 
«  Yo*  LordP' 

"  most  humble  and 

"  most  obedient  Servant, 

«  R.  YARD." 
«  Lords  Com"  of  the  Treasury." 

This  petition  of  Halley's  was  read  to  the  Trea- 
sury Board  on  the  llth  October,  1698,  and  they 
ordered  the  sum  of  100/.  to  be  paid  him,  which 
was  done  a  few  days  after  ("  Treasury  Minute 
Book,"  JSTo.  8.  p.  256.). 

"  To  the  Right  Honble  the  Lords  Commissioners  of  his 

Ma*»  Treasury. 

"  The  humble  PeticSn  of  Margaret  Ftamstead 
«  Sheweth 

"  That  His  Majesty  was  graciously  pleased  in  the  year 
1715,  to  bestow  on  your  Petrs  late  husband  Mr  John 
Flamstead  his  Mats  Astronomer  300  Copies  of  the  Astro- 
nomicall Observations  made  by  him  and  Comprized  in  a 
Book  Entituled  Historia  Caelestis  which  was  Printed  at 
the  Expence  of  the  late  Prince  George  of  Denmarke  and 
were  designed  by  his  Roy  all  Highness  for  the  benefit  of 
the  Author. 

"  That  the  said  Mr  Flamstead  has  since  that  time  been 
at  a  very  great  expence  in  printing  340  Copies  of  another 
part  to  perfect  the  aforemencSned  Book  without  which 
the  Petitioner  is  humbly  of  opinion  it  ought  not  to  go 
abroad  as  a  performance  of  her  deceased  husband's. 

"  That  your  Petr  being  informed  the  remaining  Thirty- 
nine  Copies  are  now  in  the  Treasury  and  at  the  disposall 
of  your  Lordships 

"  She  therefore  humbly  desires  your  Lord?"  direc- 
cOns  for  the  delivery  of  the  said  Copies,  that  she 
may  by  the  addicSn  of  the  other  part,  render  the 
Books  perfect,  your  Petr  being  obliged  to  deliver 
perfect  Books  to  the  Universitys,  &c.,  according  to 
act  of  Parliament  these  with  his  other  perform- 
ances being  already  Entred  in  the  Hall  Book  of 
the  Company  of  Stationers. 
"  And  your  Petr  shall  ever  pray,"  &c. 

This  petition  was  read  on  the  9th  March,  17££, 
and  it  was  ordered  that  Mrs.  Flamstead  do  send 
to  the  Treasury  thirty-nine  copies  of  Historia 
Calestis  corrected  by  her  late  husband,  "  and  then 
my  Lords  will  redeliver  her  the  39  copys  which 
she  terms  incorrect." 

We  next  come  to  an  unsuccessful  adventurer, 
who  thus  introduces  himself :  — 
"  Sir, 

"  Having  form'd  an  imagination  there  is  a  piece  of 
mony  allow'd  by  the  government,  or  other  ways,  for  the 
incouragement  of  any  parsone  that  shal  produce  a  ma- 
chine tending  to  the  discovery  of  the  Longitude  upon 


298 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


ix.  APRIL  21.  '60. 


Sea,  I  took  the  liberty  to  send  you  a  petition  directed  to 
the  honble  Lords  of  the  Treasury  humbly  beging  the 
favour  of  you  to  Leye  it  before  the  said  honble*  Lords,  and 
having  since  endeavour'd  to  have  the  honour  to  speeke  to 
you  to  receve  your  andswer,  I  have  found  it  intirely  im- 
possible, which  obligeth  me  to  Committ  the  rudenesse  to 
•write  to  you  a  second  time  to  humbly  desire  you  to  give 
me  a  worde  of  andswer  in  the  affirmative  or  in  the  nega- 
tive, the  thing  I  propose  is  good  in  its  nature,  and  T  have 
propos'd  it  with  all  the  humblenesse  and  Submission  be- 
coming a  man  under  my  Condition  and  Sircumstances, 
So  if  the  thing  doe  not 'Succeede  I  shal  not  inquare  the 
reasons  that  may  have  obstructed  it,  but  shal  only  think 
it  a  great  pitty  I  have  Lost  the  oportunity  of  making 
myself  useful  to  the  puplick  it  being  my  only  view  and 
to  be  with  a  profonde  respec, 

"  Sir,        Your  most  humble  and 

most  affectionnatt  Servant, 

P.  LAURANS." 
«  Att  M'  Williams 

in  Salisbury  Street  in  the 
Strand,  Jully  ye  27,  1722." 

"  The  humble  petition  of  Peter  Laurans 
"  To  the  honWe  Mr  Walpole  -| 

"  To  the  honbie  Sir  Charles  Turner     T      ,       -  -     Tr.a 
«  To  the  honble  Mr  Pelham  \ >r*'  °f  the  Trea' 

«  To  the  honMe  M'  Bailie  8U  J ' 

"  To  the  honble  Mr  Edgecombe       J 

"  Whereas  the  petitionner  having  through  Long  Study 
and  Labour  in  his  profession  attain'd  to  the  knowlege  of 
making  a  Machine  of  intire  niew  Construction  and  in- 
falibly  proprer  for  the  discovery  of  the  Longitude  upon 
Sea,  and  the  said  petitionner  having  thereby  throw'd 
himself  in  Low  Sircumstances  which  made  him  incapa- 
ble of  producing  the  said  Machine  to  the  world  in  all  its 
perfection,  the  said  Petitionner  being  inform'd  there  is 
a  piece  of  mony  lodg'd  in  your  hands,  and  dessined  for 
the  incouragement  of  any  parsone  that  shal  make  or  pro- 
duce a  Machine  tending  to  that  discovery,  the  said 
petitionner  with  all  Submission  humbly  begg  your  Lord- 
ships's  assistance  to  produce  this  thing  to  the  world, 
which  may  tende  to  the  general  use  and  beneffitt  of  the 
publick  it  being  the  petitionner's  only  and  intire  view." 

This  was  read  on  the  27th  July,  1 722 ;  but  the 
petitioner  was  answered  that  my  Lords  could  not 
pay  any  of  the  money  prescribed  by  the  Act  until 
the  machine  was  produced  to  the  Trustees  named 
in  the  Act  and  approved  by  them. 

Laurans,  however,  was  not  to  be  repulsed  thus 
easily  :  for  in  the  following  year  he  made  another 
application  to  the  Treasury,  and  wrote  thus  to  the 
Secretary,  Mr.  Lowndes  :  — 

"  Sir, 

"  I  take  the  Liberty  to  write  this  lines  to  you  to  hum- 
bly begg  the  favour  of  you  to  reade  these  petition  to  the 
honbie  Lords  of  the  Treasury  and  jou  will  oblige, 
"  Sir,  Your  most  humble 

and  affectionnet  Servant, 

P.  LAURANS." 
"  Oct«  r  14^,  1723.» 

"  The  humble  Petition  of  Peter  Laurans  to  the  honbi« 

Lords  of  the  Treasury. 

"  Whereas  the  petitionner  having  through  Long 
Study  and  Labour  in  his  profession  attained  to  the  know- 
ledge of  making  a  Machine  of  intire  New  Construction 
and  infalibly  proper  for  the  discovery  of  the  Longitudes 
upon  Sea,  and  the  said  petitioner  having  for  a  very  con- 
siderable time  endeavour'd  to  fix  his  talant  in  this 


Country,  and  having  through  Losse  of  time  and  expences 
plung'd  himself  in  extreme  bad  Sircumstances,  in  so 
much  that  he  is  destitute  of  all  visible  ways  of  subsisting, 
the  said  humble  petitionner  being  inform'd  that  some 
Nobles  gentlemen  in  this  towne  having  taken  notice  of 
his  miserable  Condition,  out  of  their  goodnesse  and  Cha- 
rity have  gathered  among  themselves  a  sum  of  mony 
which  sum  they  have  desseigned  to  releave  him  in  his  ne- 
cessities, the  said  humble  petitionner  being  also  inform'd 
that  the  said  sum  has  been  Lodged  in  your  Lordships 
hands  for  that  purpose,  the  paid  humble  petitionner  sup- 
posing his  information  wright,  with  humble  respect  and 
submission  taketh  the  Liberty  to  begg  that  your  Lord- 
ships may  be  pleas'd  to  grant  him  the  said  sum,  the 
which  sum  the  humble  petitionner  shal  make  use  of,  so 
that  it  may  answer  the  ende  for  which  it  shal  be  granted 
to  him,  and  the  said  humble  petitionner  shal  ever  pray 
for  those  Nobles  gentlemen  that  have  Contributed  to  the 
said  sum,  and  for  your  Lordships  preservation,  and  pros- 
perity." 

This  petition,  however,  fared  no  better  than  its 
predecessor;  it  was  read  to  my  Lords  on  the  16th 
October,  1723,  when  they  replied  that  they  could 
not  order  any  money  upon  the  petition. 

WILLIAM  HEN  BY  HART. 

Folkestone  House,  Roupell  Park,  Streatham. 


MRS.  ALISON  COCKBURN. 

The  name  of  this  lady  must  be  familiar  to  the 
admirers  of  the  late  Sir  Walter  Scott;  but  the 
passing  notices  of  her  in  his  Life  and  Works  are  so 
extremely  meagre,  that  some  additional  particulars 
of  the  amiable  authoress  of  "  The  Flowers  of  the 
Forest"  may  be  acceptable.  Mrs.  Cockburn  of 
Fairnalie  in  Selkirkshire  was  distantly  related  to 
the  mother  of  Sir  Walter  Scott,  with  whom  she 
had  through  life  been  in  habits  of  intimate  friend- 
ship. In  the  month  of  November,  1777,  when 
young  Walter  had  reached  the  age  of  six  years 
and  three  months,  she  was  staying  at  Ravelstone 
in  the  vicinity  of  Edinburgh,  a  seat  of  the  Keiths 
of  Dunnottar,  nearly  related  to  Mrs.  Scott,  and  to 
herself.  With  some  of  that  family  she  spent  an 
evening  in  Georges  Square,  and  in  a  letter  to  Dr. 
Douglas,  written  on  the  following  day,  thus  alludes 
to  the  young  poet :  — 

"I  last  night  supped  in  Mr.  Walter  Scott's.  He  has 
the  most  extraordinary  genius  of  a  boy  I  ever  saw.  He 
was  reading  a  poem  to  his  mother  when  I  went  in.  I 
made  him  read  on ;  it  was  the  description  of  a  shipwreck. 
His  passion  rose  with'' the  storm.  .  .  .  When  taken  to 
bed  last  night,  he  told  his  aunt  he  liked  that  lady. 
'What  lady?'  says  she.  'Why  Mrs.  Cockburn;  for  I 
think  she  is  a  virtuoso  like  myself.'  '  Dear  Walter,'  says 
aunt  Jenny,  'what  is  a  virtuoso?'  'Don't  ye  know? 
Why,  it's  one  who  wishes,  and  will  know  everything.' 
The  boy  has  a  lame  leg,  for  which  he  was  a  year  at  Bath, 
and  has  acquired  the  perfect  English  accent,  which 
he  has  not  lost  since  he  came,  and  he  reads  like  a  Gar- 
rick.  You  will  allow  this  an  uncommon  exotic."  (Lock- 
hart's  Life  of  Scott,  p.  24.,  edit.  1845.) 

In  Scott's  Autobiography  are  also  the  following 
lines  by  Mrs.  Cockburn,  which  made  one  among  a 


IX.  APRIL  21.  '60.] 


ttOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


a  circle 
re- 


set of  poetical  characters  given  as  toasts  in  a  ci 
of  a  few  friends.  The  original  was  immediately 
cognised :  — 

"To  a  thing  that's  uncommon  — 

A  youth  of  discretion, 

Who,  though  vastly  handsome, 

Despises  flirtation : 

To  the  friend  in  affliction, 

The  heart  of  affection, 

Who  may  hear  the  last  trump 

Without  dread  of  detection." 

To  "  The  Flowers  of  the  Forest,"  printed  in  the 
Minstrelsy  of  the  Scottish  Border,  vol.  ii.  p.  161., 
edit.  1802,  Sir  Walter  Scott  has  prefixed  the  fol- 
lowing interesting  notice  of  Mrs.  Cockburn  :  — 

"  The  following  verses,  adapted  to  the  ancient  air  of 
The  Flowers  of  the  Forest,  are,  like  the  elegy  which  pre- 
cedes them,  the  production  of  a  lady.  The  late  Mrs. 
Cockburn,  daughter  of  Rutherford  of  Fairnalie,  in  Sel- 
kirkshire, and  relict  of  Mr.  Cockburn  of  Ormiston  (whose 
father  was  Lord  Chief  Justice  Clerk  of  Scotland)  was  the 
authoress.  Mrs.  Cockburn  has  been  dead  but  a  few 
years.  Even  at  an  age  advanced  beyond  the  usual  bounds 
of  humanity,  she  retained  a  play  of  imagination,  and  an 
activity  of  intellect,  which  must  have  been  attractive 
and  delightful  in  youth,  but  was  almost  preternatural  at 
her  period  of  life.  Her  active  benevolence,  keeping  pace 
with  her  genius,  rendered  her  equally  an  object  of  love 
and  admiration.  The  editor,  who  knew  her  well,  takes 
this  opportunity  of  doing  justice  to  his  own  feelings;  and 
they  are  in  unison  with  those  of  all  who  knew  his  re- 
gretted friend.  The  verses  which  follow  were  written  at 
an  early  period  of  life,  and  without  peculiar  relation  to  any 
event,  unless  it  were  the  depopulation  of  Ettrick  Forest." 

The  best  account,  however,  of  this  accomplished 
lady  is  contained  in  the  following  unpublished 
letters  of  her  grandnephew,  Mr.  Mark  Pringle, 
addressed  to  George  Chalmers,  Esq.,  the  Shak- 
sperian  commentator :  — 

"  Georges  Square,  Edinburgh, 
Jan.  15,  1805. 

"  DEAR  SIR,  —  In  a  letter  which  I  received  some  time 
ago  from  our  mutual  and  much  esteemed  friend,  Mr.  Archi- 
bald Hamilton,  I  was  requested  to  send  you  some  account 
of  Mrs.  Cokburne,  a  near  relation  of  mine,  whom  you 
found  celebrated  in  Mr.  Scott's  publication  The  Border 
Minstrelsy ;  and  as  I  feel  very  highly  flattered  by  having 
it  in  my  power  to  supply  any  information  you  wish 
to  possess,  and  by  that  means  to  renew  in  some  degree 
your  acquaintance  which  I  was  proud  formerly  to  enjoy, 
I  now  take  the  liberty  of  conveying  a  few  circumstances 
relating  to  this  lady,  and  shall  be  happy  if  they  are  such 
as  in  any  degree  merit  your  notice. 

"  Mrs.  Alison  Rutherfurd  was  the  youngest  of  several 
children  of  Mr.  Rutherfurd  of  Fairnilee  in  the  county  of 
Selkirk,  and  married  Mr.  Patrick  Cokburne,  Advocate,  a 
younger  son  of  Adam  Cokburne  of  Ormiston,  Lord  Jus- 
tice Clerk  of  Scotland,  with  whom  she  lived  happily  till 
the  year  1753,  when  he  left  her  a  widow  with  one"  son, 
who  likewise  predeceased  his  mother.  Mrs.  Cokburne 
was  a  lady  much  esteemed  among  a  very  numerous  ac- 
quaintance; and  though  neither  of  splendid  birth  nor 
affluent  fortune,  her  company  was  courted  by  persons  the 
most  distinguished;  and  I  have  often  seen  within  her 
small  house  at  Edinburgh  a  circle  of  visitors  whose  ta- 
lents and  reputation  in  the  literary  world,  whose  wit  and 
gaiety,  or  whose  beauty  and  fashion,  would  have  graced 
any  society  in  Europe.  Her  genius  and  conversation 


suited  themselves  to  every  age  and  condition :  she  could 
be  learned,  sentimental,  witty,  playful,  as  the  occasion 
required ;  and  was  equally  prepared  to  become  serious 
with  the  old,  or  frolicsome  with  the  young.  Indeed,  her 
turn  of  mind  was  of  that  various  capacity  as  to  enable 
her  to  associate  with  every  age;  and  it  was  no  uncom- 
mon thing  to  meet  at  her  table  with  the  children,  nay, 
the  grandchildren  of  the  friends  of  her  youth,  with  whom 
she  forgot  for  the  moment  there  was  any  disparity  in 
years,  and  that  intervening  generations  had  passed  away. 
"  With  David  Hume,  Lord  Monboddo,  Dr.  John  Gregory, 
Sir  John  Dalrymple,  and  many  other  literary  characters, 
she  lived  in  continued  intimacy  and  confidence,  and  with 
the  gens  d'esprit  of  her  own  sex  she  was  no  less  intimate.. 
So  long  as  her  bodily  powers  enabled  her  to  join  in 
society  she  relished  their  company ;  and  afterwards,  when, 
these  "powers  became  blunted,  an  epistolary  intercourse 
succeeded,  for  it  was  her  happy  and  rare  lot  that  though 
years  might  blunt  they  did  not  extinguish  her  faculties ; 
and  she  preserved  her  senses  and  spirits,  both  in  no  com- 
mon degree,  till  an  advanced  period  of  life,  which  she 
quitted  at  the  age  of  eighty-one,  without  pain  or  distress, 
in  the  3rear  1794.* 

"  Of  Mrs.  Cokburne's  genius  it  is  difficult  to  render  a 
satisfactory  account  or  to  describe  in  what  she  excelled 
particularly,  for  she  could  be  'everything  by  turns;' 
and  having  read  a  great  deal,  and  being  blessed  with  a 
retentive  memory,  she  had  the  facility  of  applying  the 
fruits  of  her  knowledge  as  best  suited  the  occasion.  She 
was  not  an  author  by  profession,  nor  did  she  seek  for  re- 
putation in  print ;  yet  she  wrote  much  for  the  amuse- 
ment of  herself  and  friends,  both  in  prose  and  verse,  and 
seldom  failed  to  excite  applause.  In  epistolary  corre- 
spondence she  possessed  a  peculiar  neatness  and  spirit, 
and  her  letters  approached  nearer  perhaps  to  the  easy 
and  animated  style  of  the  French  ladies  in  former  times, 
whose  works  we  are  acquainted  with,  than  is  often  to  be 
met  in  our  own  language. 

"Upon  serious  subjects  I  have  been  told  a  very  curious 
and  interesting  correspondence  took  place  between  her 
and  the  celebrated  David  Hume;  but  unfortunately  I 
never  saw  it  while  she  lived,  nor  can  I  now  trace  where 
it  is  to  be  found.  From  the  characters  and  intimate 
friendship,  however,  of  the  correspondents,  these  letters 
could  not  fail  in  being  highly  entertaining,  and  probably 
threw  some  light  upon  the  religious  principles  of  that  phi- 
losopher. 

"Of  a  different,  but  no  less  amusing  cast,  were  the  let- 
ters which  passed  between  her  and  the  facetious  Sir 
Hew  Dalrymple  of  North  Berwick,  in  which  wit  and  ex^ 
quisite  satire  were  displayed ;  but  being  confidential  they 
do  not  now  appear.  Many  other  proofs  of  her  epistolary 
talents  I  have  seen  and  admired,  mostly  relating  however 
to  domestic  subjects  and  family  concerns,  and  of  course 
less  interesting  in  a  general  view. 

"  In  poetry,  Mrs.  Cokburne's  genius  was  no  less  respect- 
able; and  though  perhaps  not  always  perfectly  correct 
in  rules  of  composition  or  exact  structure,  her  poems  had 
great  merit,  and  she  possessed  a  wonderful  readiness  and 
fluency,  for  '  the  numbers  came,'  and  she  had  the  power 
of  using  them  with  uncommon  rapidity.  Some  of  her 
poems  upon  mournful  and  solemn  subjects  are  interesting, 
and  speak  to  the  heart :  those  upon  light  and  gay  topics 
fail  not  to  please  and  amuse ;  and  her  little  songs  and 
ballads  upon  occasional  opportunities  of  mirth  and  jollity, 
have  some  of  them  very  considerable  elegance  and  point. 
It  is  here  to  be  regretted  again,  that  the  few  which  now 
remain  of  these  compositions  (for  many  are  unaccount- 

*  Died  on  Nov.  22, 1794,  at  Edinburgh,  Mrs.  Cockburn, 
relict  of  Patrick  Cockburn,  Esq.,  Advocate.  —  Fcots  Ma- 
gazine, Ivi.  735. 


300 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  APRIL  21.  '60. 


ably  mislaid  and  lost  to  her  surviving  relatives),  are 
chiefly  founded  upon  local  circumstances  or  familiar  sub- 
jects known  only  to  a  few,  and  arising  from  the  moment ; 
and  therefore  would  undoubtedly  fail  to  amuse,  or  even 
to  be  understood  by  others  than  the  persons  immediately 
concerned,  and  feeling  the  occasions  which  gave  rise  to 
them;  and  under  that  consideration  it  would  not  be 
doing  her  justice  to  expose  to  view  what  was  written 
merely  for  her  own  and  her  selected  friends'  entertain- 
ment. 

"  The  only  work  I  know  of  that  appears  in  print  is  her 
song  of  '  The  Flowers  of  the  Forest,'  lately  published  in 
Mr.  Scott's  second  volume  of  The  Border  Minstrelsy.  It 
was  composed  by  her  many  years  ago  on  a  subject  inti- 
mately connected  with  her  native  land,  namely,  the  loss 
that  country  sustained  at  the  battle  of  Flodden,  and  the 
beautiful  situation  of  her  father's  house  at  Fairnalee  upon 
the  Tweed  naturally  inspired  the  muse.  But  as  the 
edition  of  this  song,  as  given  by  Mr.  Scott,  differs  some- 
what, though  not  materially,  from  the  one  in  my  posses- 
sion, which  I  consider  to  be  the  most  correct,  because  I 
received  it  from  a  contemporary  and  one  of  her  most  in- 
timate friends,  I  take  the  liberty  of  copying  it,  and 
sending  for  your  perusal. 

" '  THE  FLOWERS  OP  THE  FOREST. 
I've  seen  the  smiling  of  Fortune  beguiling, 

I've  felt  all  her  favours,  and  found  their  decay ; 
Sweet  were  her  blessings,  kind  her  caressings, 

But  now  they  are  fled — fled  all  far  away. 

I  have  seen  the  Forest  *  adorned  the  foremost 

With  flowers  of  the  fairest  most  charming  and  gay : 

Sae  bonny  was  their  blooming,  with  scents  the  air  per- 
fuming, 
But  now  they  are  wither'd,  and  wed  all  away. 

I've  seen  the  morning  with  gold  the  hills  adorning, 
In  loud  tempest  storming  before  middle  day ; 

I've  seen  Tweed's  silver  streams  shining  in  the  sunny 

beams, 
Grow  drumly  f  and  dark  as  they  roll'd  on  their  way. 

O  fickle  Fortune  1  why  this  cruel  sporting  ? 

Why  thus  torment  us  poor  sous  of  a  day  ? 
No  more  your  smiles  can  cheer  me,  no  more  your  frowns 
can  fear  me, 

For  our  brave  foresters  are  all  wedd  away.' 

"  Thus,  Sir,  have  I  endeavoured  to  communicate  to  you 
a  few  particulars  in  regard  to  Mrs.  Cokburne,  my  grand  - 
aunt  (for  her  brother  was  father  to  my  mother),  and 
though  « the  simple  annals '  of  a  private  Scotch  woman 
can  little  merit  your  attention,  I  am  not  without  hope  this 
short  narrative  may  peradventure  amuse  you,  and  beguile 
a  quarter  of  an  hour  from  the  precious  yet  laborious  time 
you  devote  so  much  to  public  utility.  At  least  it  gives 
me  an  opportunity  of  offering  you  my  respectful  compli~ 
ments,  and  adding  that  I  have  the  honour  to  remain, 
Dear  Sir,  your  faithful  and  most  obedient  servant, 

MARK  PRINGLE. 

"  P.S.  I  have,  throughout  the  foregoing  pages,  written 
Mrs.  Cokburne's  name  without  the  letter  c  in  the  middle, 
and  with  an  e  at  the  end,  because  she  always  spelt  it  so 
herself,  as  likewise  did  her  son ;  upon  what  authority  I 
know  not.  I  never  saw  her  husband's  signature." 

Mr.  Pringle  subsequently  furnished  the  follow- 
ing additional  particulars  of  Mrs.  Cockburn  to 
George  Chalmers :  — 

*  Forest,  or  the  Forest,  is  the  appellation  in  general 
given  to  the  county  of  Selkirk,  anciently  Ettrick  Forest, 
f  Drumly — discoloured. 


"  Edinburgh,  Feb.  28, 1805. 

"  MY  DEAR  SIR,  —  I  should  have  returned  you  my 
warmest  acknowledgment  before  this  time  for  your  kind 
and  flattering  approbation  of  the  few  particulars  I  had  it 
in  my  power  to  send  relating  to  Mrs.  Cokburne,  if  I  had 
not  been  a  good  deal  indisposed  and  confined  with  the 
gout.  The  questions  you  farther  wish  me  to  answer  in 
regard  to  that  lady  are,  What  was  the  baptismal  name  of 
her  father?  Who  was  her  mother?  Where  did  she 
die,  and  is  there  any  monument  to  her  memory  ?  Her 
father's  name  was  Robert ;  her  mother  was  a  daughter  of 
Carr  of  Ashett  in  Northumberland,  a  branch,  I  believe,  of 
the  Etal  family,  but  now  extinct.  She  was  buried  in  the 
chapel-of-ease  ground  at  Edinburgh,  where  she  died, 
and  a  small  tablet  records  her  death  and  age.  If  I  can 
possibly  procure  any  remnants  of  her  works,  either  in 
prose  or  verse,  which  may  appear  worthy  of  your  perusal, 
I  will  not  fail  to  communicate  them  to  you ;  but  I  fear 
they  are  either  lost  or  gone  into  hands  I  don't  know,  for 
I  have  some  reason  to  imagine  her  repositories  were  not 
strictly  attended  to  during  her  latter  moments.  Your 
faithful  and  obedient  servant,  MARK  PRINGLE." 

Mark  Pringle  of  Clifton  and  Plaining,  George 
Chalmers's  correspondent,  was  born  in  1754;  called 
to  the  Scottish  bar  in  1777 ;  appointed  Deputy - 
Judcre  Advocate  and  Clerk  of  the  Courts-Martial 
in  North  Britain  in  1782.  He  was  elected  M.P. 
for  the  county  of  Selkirk  in  1786,  and  continued 
to  represent  that  constituency  for  sixteen  years. 
He  died  at  Bath  on  April  25,  1812. 

J.  YEOWELL. 


MANUSCRIPT   KEY  TO  BELOE'S  "SEXAGENA- 
RIAN." 

My  copy  of  this  curious  work  appears,  from  the 
binding,  to  have  once  formed  part  of  Southey's 
Cottonian  library.  Most  of  the  blanks  are  filled 
up  by  the  names  in  MS. ;  not,  however,  in  the 
Laureate's  neat  caligraphy,  but  in  the  hand  ap- 
parently of  one  more  nearly  contemporary  with 
those  with  whose  names  he  is  familiar.  These  in- 
sertions I  have  transcribed  seriatim  By  way  of  a 
key  to  the  work,  incorporating  with  them  a  few 
from  a  copy  in  the  British  Museum.  My  copy  is 
i\iQ  first  edition,  2  vols.  8vo.,  1817  (in  which  are 
to  be  found  the  passages  relative  to  Person  which 
were  subsequently  eliminated)  ;  that  of  the  Mu- 
seum is  the  second  edition,  1818.  The  pagination 
in  both  editions  is  frequently  identical ;  when  it 
differs,  it  does  so  but  by  a  page,  or  perhaps  in 
some  cases  two,  either  before  or  after ;  hence  in 
the  following  key,  which  is  arranged  entirely  for 
the  first  edition,  possessors  of  the  second  will  find 
little  or  no  difficulty  in  making  their  references. 
Dr.  Parr,  in  his^copy  of  the  Sexagenarian,  had 
written  a  note,  ttrc  insertion  of  which  will  not  pro- 
bably be  thought  out  of  place  :  — 

"  Dr.  Parr  is  compelled  to  record  the  name  of  Beloe  as 
an  ingrate  and  a  slanderer.  The  worthy  and  enlightened 
Archdeacon  Nares  disdained  to  have  any  concern  with 
this  infamous  work.  The  Rev.  Mr.  Rennell  of  Kensing- 
ton could  know  but  little  of  Beloe.  But  having  read  his 
slanderous  book,  Mr.  Rennell,  who  is  a  sound  scholar  an 


2n-*S.  IX.  APRIL  2 1.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


301 


orthodox  clergyman,  and  a  most  animated  writer,  would 
have  done  well  not  to  have  written  a  sort  of  postscript. 

164.  A  personage. 
169.  One  individual  in  par- 

Price. 
Dr.  Parr. 

For  motives  of  regard  and  respect  for  Beloe's  amiable 

ticular. 

widow,  Dr.  Parr  abstained  from  refuting  Beloe's  wicked 

172.  Henry's  father. 

Headley. 

falsehoods  ;  but  Dr.  Butler,  of  Shrewsbury,  repelled  them 
very  ably  in  the  Monthly  Review.  —  S.  P."  —  Bibliotheca 
Farriana,  p.  393. 

180.  An  individual. 
183.  Another  schoolfellow. 
189.  The  son  of  a  peasant. 

Rev.  T.  Monro. 
Harry  Alexander. 
Professor  White. 

The  review  alluded  to  will  be  found  in  the 

200.  A    crabbed    sort     of 
composition. 

Preface  to  Bellendenus. 

number  for  Feb.  1818.    See  alscTJohustone's  Life 

202.  The  lady's  name. 

Hawes. 

of  Parr,  p.  210. 

„    C  inN  

Coltishall  in  Norfolk. 

•/                  '   Jr 

Vnr     T 

„    B  in  N  

Buckton  in  Norfolk. 

T  Ulj«     J.« 

Pace 

„    Mr.  W  

Woodrow. 

10.  The  Master.                      Mr.   Raine,  father  of   Mr. 

212.  Amiable  and  learned 

Provost  of  Eton. 

Kaine,  late  Master  of  the 

. 

Charterhouse. 

232.  Mr  

Mr.  Disraeli  at  the  table  of 

13.  My  Female  Mentor.         Miss  Raine. 

Mr.  Hill  in  Henrietta  St., 

18.  A    great    dragon    of     Samuel  Parr,  LL.D. 

4 

Covent      Garden  ;       Mr. 

learning. 

Morris,  Mr.  Kemble,  Mr. 

54.  A  young  man.                  Amyatt  (Amyot  ?). 

Dubois,  Mr.  Fillingham, 

„    A  notorious  beldam.        Lady  Grosvenor. 

and  the  late  Mr.  Perry, 

56.  A  young  man.                  Farrell. 

were  present.    In  return 

57.  A  young  lady.                  Miss  Boscaweu. 

for   these  expressions  of 

58.  The  gentleman.                Mr.  C.  Monro. 

severity,  Mr.  Disraeli  re- 

59. A  wicked  wag  of  the      Mansell,    late    Bishop    of 

torted  on  the  Professor  in 

University.                         Bristol. 

an  illnatured  and  severe 

64.  Mr.  Pitt's  tutor.               Bishop  of  Lincoln. 

note  in  his  novel  called 

65.  Dr.  P  Pretyman 

"  Flim-Flams." 

,1    Professor        .  .               Vince 

234.  Sir  G  B  .  .  .  . 

Sir  George  Baker. 

68.  T  Tomline. 

257.  Individual  alluded  to. 

Joseph  Gerald. 

71.  Another  gentleman.         Mr.  Smith. 

266.  H  W  

Horace  Walpole. 

72.  The  Revd.  Dr  Dr.  Smith. 

267.  Earl  of  ... 

Oxford. 

„    Mr.  ...  of  the  Trea-     Pitt. 

278.  A    gentleman    of   no 

Mr.  Nares. 

sury. 

small    literary    dis- 

„   Dr.  P.                               Pretyman. 

tinction. 

73.  Mr  Taylor. 

„    Mr.  K. 

Kemble. 

„    Miss  C  Miss  Cocks. 

288.  A  noble  seat. 

Houghton. 

„    Lord  S  Ld.  Somers. 

293.  Lord  .  .  . 

Oxford. 

75.  Bishop  of  .      .  .               Lincoln. 

»-*—  _ 

Strawberry  Hill. 

,,                                            Lord  Montague 

296.  Lord  L  

Lou  firliboro  u  £rh  • 

„    Bishop  of  —  —                 Quebec. 

307.  Dr.  H. 

Heberden. 

76.  Mr                                    Mr.  Mountain 

Dr  W  P 

Pitcairn. 

„    Livings  in  Nova  Scotia. 

jj         •L'l  •     fW  •   X  • 

„    Drs.  M. 

Monros. 

85.  Gilbert  Gilbert  Wakefield. 

„    SirG.B. 

G.  Blane. 

98.  A  young  man.                  Mansell,  Bp.  of  Bristol. 

„    Dr.  W. 

Willis. 

.100.  A  young  nobleman.          Lord  Maiden. 

„    Dr.B. 

Baillie. 

101.  One  greater  than  him-    Prince  of  Wales. 

„    Dr.  A.  C. 

A.  Cooper. 

self? 

„    Sir  E.  H. 

Sir.  E.  Home. 

„    The  lovely  object.            Mrs.  Robinson. 

810.  Dr.  W.  P. 

Pitcairn. 

104.  The  young  man.              Thomas  Adkin. 

314.  Dr.  B—  e. 

Baillie. 

105.  Some  young  men  of     Lord  Grey    and  S.  Whit- 

321.  E.  H. 

Sir  E.  Home. 

fortune,                             bread. 

322.  Dr.  A—  e. 

Ainslie. 

108.  A  fellow  collegian.           Dr.  Sutton. 

325.  Mrs.H. 

Hayley. 

L10.  A  contemporary.              Shaw  Lefevre. 

334.  Mrs.  C  . 

Cooper. 

113.  Another  of  their  con-      Porter  of  Streatham. 

336.  Mr.  A.  C. 

A.  Cooper. 

temporaries. 

„    Mrs.  M  . 

Montague. 

115.  One  fellow  collegian.       Dowsing. 

337.  Mrs.  E.  C. 

E.  Carter. 

116.  Another  individual.         Hansall. 

339.  H  M  ,. 

Hannah  More. 

119.  One  in  particular.            Archbishop  of  Canterbury. 
121.  Not  yet  a  Judge.              Serj.  Lens,  John's  College, 
Camb.   took  the    degree 

345.  Mrs.  T. 
348.  Mrs.  W. 
353.  P  J  . 

Trimmer. 
Wolstonecroft  Godwin. 
Political  Justice  Godwin. 

of  A.B.  1779,  was  fourth 

357.  H—  M—  W—  . 

Helen  Maria  Williams. 

senior  wrangler. 

363    Miss  P  

Plumtree. 

123.  The  in  an.                         Mr.  Poole. 

368.  Ella. 

Miss  Trefusis. 

J  30.  Another  considerable     Bishop  Marsh. 

371.  This  man. 

Theop.  Swift. 

person. 

372.  Col.  L. 

Col.  Lenox. 

141.  An  individual.                  Rev.  Mr.  Brand. 

873.  Illustrious  personage. 

Duke  of  York. 

143.  The  mortified  and  dis-     Sir  W.  Jerningham. 

376.  An  officer. 

Major  Barry. 

comfited  author. 

385.  Mrs.  P  

Mrs.  Piozzi. 

154.  The    subject     of    the    Alderson,    uncle    to   Mrs. 

387.  A  young  Italian  Moun- 

Has taken   the   name    of 

sketch.                               Opie. 

taineer. 

Salisbury. 

167.  A  brother  Barrister.        Councillor  Cooper. 

389.  The  next  female. 

Mrs.  Sydney  Hawkins. 

302 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[><*  S.  IX.  APRIL  21.  '60. 


395.  Elfrida. 

Mrs.  Inchbald. 

181.  An  Irishman.                   Evelvn. 

410.  J  B  . 

Joanna  Baillie. 

184.  A  Right  Honourable.       G.  Rose. 

412.  Mrs.  O  . 

Opie. 

195.  Another  clerical  person.   Andrews. 

416.  Mrs.  J  H  . 

Mrs.  J.  Hunter. 

202.  John  I  Ireland. 

423.  Bishop  B  

Barrington. 

206.  Two  of  the  same  name.    G.  and  A.  Chalmers. 

429.  D  of  C  -. 

Dean  of  Canterbury. 

213.  Accomplished  transla-     Hoole. 

„    Mr.  A  . 

Andrews. 

tor. 

430.  Secretary  of  the  Bible 

Rev.  Mr.  Owen. 

227.  The  rich  Author.              Rogers. 

Society. 

228.  The  noble  author.             Byron. 

431.  A  person  born  in  Prus- 

Usko.     [See  «  N.  &  Q." 

229.  That  big  man.                  Dr.  Parr. 

sia. 

ante,  p.  245.] 

230.  The  bland  author.            Fitzgerald. 

VnT 

n' 

231.  That  dull  author.             Pinkerton. 

V  OL. 

. 

234.  The  Satirist.                     W.  Gifford. 

3.  Dr  

Dr.  Gregory. 

One  noble  Author.           Lord  Valentia. 

20.  James  T.  of  B.  Castle. 

James  Townsend  of  Bruce 

235.  The  facetious  author.       A.  Chalmers. 

Castle. 

238.  Mrs.  .                        Brook. 

21.  Lord  C. 

Lord  Coleraine. 

244.  Inflexible  fellow.              Beatniffe  of  Norwich. 

27.  G—  e  B-s. 

George  Bellas,  who  married 

247.  A  coxcomb  Bookseller.    Murray. 

Miss  Greenough  of  Lud- 

250.  The  dirty  Bookseller.       Who? 

gate  Street. 

251.  A  splendid  Bookseller.     Miller. 

39.  Dr.  P.  R. 

Dr.  Russell. 

252.  A  dry  Bookseller.             Johnson. 

40.  Dr.  R. 

Dr.  Russel. 

254.  The  finical  Bookseller.     G.  Leigh. 

51.  Major  R. 

Rennell. 

255.  The  former.                      Sotheby. 

52.  A     whimsical     Irish 

Twiss. 

256.  The  opulent  Bookseller.   Cadell. 

Traveller. 

259.  An  honest  Bookseller.      Payne. 

54.  A  family,  &c. 

Siddons. 

264.  The  queer  Bookseller.      Dilly. 

70.  Major  S—  s. 

Symes. 

269.  The  cunning  Booksel-     Faulder. 

74.  Mr.T. 

Turner. 

ler. 

76.  A  noble  Lord. 

Lord  Valentia. 

270.  The  black  letter  Book-    Egerton. 

„    Lord  . 

Lyttelton. 

seller. 

91.  A  very  reverend  Dean. 

Dr.  Vincent. 

275.  The  exotic  Bookseller.    Edwards. 

95.  E.K...of  M...S... 

E.  King  of  Mansfield  Street. 

280.  A  snuffy  Bookseller.        Gardner. 

98.  Louis. 

Dutens. 

281.  A  Bookseller  to  whom    Jeffery. 

105.  A  Barrister. 

Sir  J.  Mackintosh. 

the  epithet  B—  d  is 

108.  The  High  Priestess. 

Mad.  de  Stael. 

attached. 

109.  Another  individual. 

George  Ellis. 

„    A  cunning  Bookseller.      Manson  ? 

113.  A  third  member  of  the 

W.  Gifford. 

„    A  godly  Bookseller.         Who?    [Hatchard.] 

Symposium. 
115.  One  of  these  offended 

Dr.  Wolcot. 

„    A  superb  Bookseller.       Who?    [G.  Nicol?] 
WILLIAM  BATES. 

parties. 
119.  A  fourth  member. 

John  Reeves. 

Edgbaston. 

122.  Great  political  hippo- 

W. Cobbett. 

potamus. 

jxftt            ja    * 

„    Another  considerable 

Sir  W.  Drummond. 

jrlilTflr  flOttS* 

personage. 
145.  Accomplished  scholar. 
154.  Lord  S. 
159.  Baron  of  R  . 
160.  The  next  individual. 

Pyle  (of  Norwich). 
Sidmouth. 
Baron  of  Rendlesham. 
Lord  Huntingfield. 

ANNEXATION.  —  According  to  Ducange,  "  an- 
nexare  "  is  "  adnectere,  adjungere,  Gall,  annexer; 
quod  prsesertim  dicitur  de  ecclesia"  alteri  in  sub- 
sidium  data  et  annexa."     He  states  that  the  sub- 

181. Lord  

Carrington. 

stantive  annexatio  bears  the  same  sense.     Annexa- 

164. The  Bishop  of  L. 
165.  Bishop  H  

Lincoln. 
Huntingford. 

tion  had   formerly  in  English  the  meaning  here 
defined  by  Ducange  ;  it  is  used  by  Robertson,  in 

166.  Bishop  B  . 
168.  Bishop  of  E.  &  L. 
„    Noble  families  of  R. 

Burgess. 
Ely  and  London. 
Rutland  and  Abercorn. 

his  History  of  England,  to  denote  the  secularisa- 
tion or  appropriation  of  church  property  by  the 

and  A. 

state  ;  and  of  late  years  it  has  been  extended  to 

170.  Bishop  of  . 

Meath. 

the   addition   of  a   foreign   territory  to  a  state. 

„    Duke  of  . 

Portland. 

Annexion  is  likewise  found  in  our  earlier  writers, 

174.  Bishop  of  
„    Prelate's  name. 
,    Lord  .  . 

Limerick. 
Warburton. 
Moira. 

but  is  now  obsolete.     Annexation  does  not  occur 
in  French  dictionaries,   but  annexion  is  used  in 

„    Dr.F. 

Fowler. 

modern  French.                                                     L. 

175.  The  B—  p  of  O. 
„    TheB—  pofC. 
Lord  C  —  n. 

Ossory. 
Clogher. 
Camden. 

ROYAL  ACADEMY.  —  Has  it  not  escaped  notice 
that  1860  is  the  centenary  of  the  first  exhibition 

176.  Lord  W  . 

Whitworth. 

of  paintings  by  modern  English  artists  ?     The  Ex- 

„   Bishoprick  of  C. 

Cork. 

hibition  arose  from  certain  English  artists,  owing 

„    See  of  C—. 
178.  A  worthy  Baronet. 
180.  A  Member  of  Parlia- 
liament. 

Cloyne. 
Sir  R.  Wigrara. 
Croker. 

to  the  popularity  of  the  pictures  at  the  Foundling, 
having  associated  themselves  together  under  the 
well-known  Frank  Hayman  as  chairman,  to  try  to 

„    A  certain  lively  lady. 

Mrs.  Clark. 

establish  an  annual  exhibition   of  works  of  art. 

2"<»S.  IX.  APRIL  21.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


303 


The  exhibition  of  1760  took  place  in  the  great 
room  of  the  Society  of  Arts,  then  located  in  the 
Strand.  There  was  no  charge  for  admission,  but 
the  catalogues  were  sixpence  each ;  of  these  6582 
were  sold.  Allowing  for  the  same  catalogues  fre- 
quently doing  duty  more  than  once,  it  is  almost 
certain  that  at  that,  the  first  attempt  of  the  sort, 
there  were  not  less  than  10,000  visitors  :  a  public 
want  was  being  evidently  supplied.  Among  the 
exhibitors  I  recognise  the  names  of  Reynolds,  R. 
Wilson,  G.  Smith,  Cosway,  Cotes,  Highmore, 
Hayman,  and  Sandby  as  painters ;  Wilton  and 
Roubillac  as  sculptors;  and  Rooker,  Strange,  and 
Woollett  as  engravers.  Rather  a  strong  cast ! 

T.H. 

BELLS  IN  THE  FIDGI  ISLANDS. — In  the  Annals 
of  the  Propagation  of  the  Faith  for  March,  1860, 
is  printed,  under  the  heading  of  "  Missions  of 
Oceanica,"  a  letter  from  Father  Poupinel,  of  the 
Society  of  Mary,  to  M.  Vauthier,  Cure  of  Conde- 
sur-Moireon,  from  which  I  copy  the  following 
passage :  — 

*'  A  few  words  respecting  the  Tongian,  or  rather  Fidjian 
bell ;  for  it  is  manufactured  in  the  Fidgi  Islands.  The 
Tongians  like  our  bells  very  well,  on  account  of  their 
strong  and  melodious  vibrations ;  but  for  range  of  sound, 
their  lali  is  far  superior.  Imagine  the  trunk  of  a  tree, 
three  or  four  feet  long,  slightly  bevelled  at  each  end,  and 
hollowed  out  in  the  form  of  a  trough.  It  is  placed  on 
the  ground  upon  some  elastic  body,  generally  upon  a 
coil  of  rope;  and  to  protect  it  from'the  rain,  covered  by 
a  sort  of  roof.  When  they  want  to  give  the  signal  for 
divine  service,  they  strike  the  mouth  of  the  lali  with  a 
mallet,  which  produces  a  sort  of  stifled  roar.  I  should 
have  thought  that  it  could  only  be  heard  to  a  short  dis- 
tance ;  my  mistake  was  great.  There  are  Mis,  the  dis- 
tinct sound  of  which  may  be  heard  to  a  distance  of  twelve 
miles  when  the  air  is  calm.  And  yet  when  you  are  near 
it,  the  sound  is  not  sufficiently  loud  to  startle  you  in  the 
least ;  but  as  you  recede  it  becomes  clearer,  more  mild, 
and  harmonious.  When  you  go  to  a  village  and  hear 
its  lali,  do  not  judge  from  the  distinctness  of  the  sound 
that  strikes  your  ear  that  you  are  approaching  the  place, 
for  you  may  be  mistaken.  The  lali  is,  therefore,  the 
favourite  instrument  at  Tonga,  and  deservedly  so.  It  is 
named  in  the  same  manner  as  we  give  names  to  our  bells. 
On  feast  days  the  Tongian  artists  perform  on  the  lali 
peals  that  are  not  wanting  in  harmony.  They  rival  each 
other  in  ability  and  skill,  and  are  doubtless  no  less  proud 
of  their  performance  than  our  bell-ringers  in  France." 

EXTRANEUS. 

FLOCK  or  STARLINGS. — It  is  nearly  twenty-one 
years  ago  that  I  made  a  Note  of  the  following 
spectacle,  and,  as  I  have  never  seen  anything  like 
it  since,  I  may  as  well  ask  you  to  record  it.  I  was 
walking  one  afternoon  with  three  companions  on 
a  Dorsetshire  down,  when  we  saw,  at  the  distance 
of  about  a  mile  and  a  half  from  us,  what  we  at 
first  took  to  be  the  smoke  of  a  lime-kiln,  or  of 
some  great  mass  of  burning  weeds ;  but  it  soon 
began  to  be  moved  in  a  much  more  rapid  manner 
than  the  state  of  the  wind  would  account  for,  and, 
instead  of  floating  away  like  smoke,  it  hovered 
over  the  same  place, 


After  some  little  observation  we  perceived  that 
it  was  a  flock  of  starlings, — tyapwv  j/e^os,  as  the 
great  poet  of  nature  shortly  and  accurately  de- 
scribes their  mode  of  flight.  For  half  an  hour  we 
watched  their  evolutions  with  the  greatest  in- 
terest ;  and  indeed  I  have  seldom  seen  anything 
more  graceful  than  the  variety  of  their  motions, 
tumbling,  and  rolling  over  in  the  air  in,  what  one 
might  call,  the  most  harmonious  confusion.  In 
fact,  as  they  ran  through  their  "  mazes,"  I  know 
of  nothing  that  would  better  describe 

"  Thejr  wanton  heed,  and  giddy  cunning," 

than   Milton's   beautiful  picture  of  the  melting 
voice,  — 

"  Untwisting  all  the  charms  that  tie 
The  hidden  soul  of  harmony." 

Sometimes  the  army  would  divide  itself  into 
two  parties,  which  would  fly  away  from  each 
other  in  opposite  directions,  as  if  wearied  with 
their  sport,  and  resolutely  determined  on  sepa- 
ration ;  and  then  as  suddenly  wheel  and  reunite, 
continuing  their  gambols  still  more  heartily  after 
this  short  interruption.  Sometimes  they  would 
extend  themselves  in  single  file,  and  spread,  like 
a  mist,  over  the  broad  hill-top,  always  returning 
again  to  their  more  compact  position,  in  which,  at 
one  time,  they  gyrated  cylindrically,  like  a  water- 
spout, and,  at  another,  stretched  themselves  out 
parallel  with  the  horizon,  yet  constantly  present- 
ing to  the  eye  a  central  black  spot,  or  pivot,  on 
which  they  turned. 

The  constant  maintenance  of  the  same  compo- 
nent parts  soon  destroyed  the  idea  of  their  like- 
ness to  a  column  of  smoke,  but  we  were  struck  by 
their  resemblance  to  a  light  gauze  scarf  floating 
on  the  wind,  • —  sometimes  bellying  out  into  trans- 
parency, and  sometimes  gathered  up  into  an 
opaque  mass.  C.  W.  BINGHAM. 

SHAW,  THE  LIFE  GUARDSMAN  :  HIS  COUNTY, 
NOTTS.  —  In  The  Scouring  of  the  White  Horse,  p. 
97.,  under  the  year  1808,  is  the  following  :  "Two 
men  with  very  shiny  top-boots,  quite  gentlemen, 
from  London,  won  the  prize  for  backsword  play  ; 
one  of  which  gentlemen  was  Shaw  the  Life 
Guardsman,  a  Wiltshire  man  himself  as  I  was 
told,  who  afterwards  died  at  Waterloo  after  killing 
so  many  cuirassiers."  I  have  heard  from  several 
of  his  contemporaries  anecdotes  of  Shaw,  and  they 
were  always  coupled  with  the  statement  that  he 
was  a  Wollaton  man  ;  and  the  following  letter  in 
the  Nottingham  Review  of  Dec.  30,  1859,  so  coin- 
cides with  other  particulars  that  I  enclose  it  as 
authentic,  premising  that  "  Wyld "  should  be 
"  Wild,"  that  the  Admiral  Rodney  is  at  Wollaton, 
and  that  there  are  two  other  paragraphs  in  the 
numbers  of  the  same  journal  for  Dec.  9  and  Dec. 
23:  — 

"  Sir,  —  In  reference  to  one  or  two  recent  paragraphs  in 
The  Review,  respecting  John  Shaw  the  Life  Guardsman, 


304 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  APRIL  21.  '60. 


<  Lover  of  the  Truth '  is  quite  correct  in  stating  that  Shaw 
was  born  at  Wollaton,  and  was  educated  at  Trowell 
Moor  School,  by  Mr.  Newton.  He  was  afterwards  an  ap- 
prentice to  Mr.  Wm.  Wyld,  of  Old  Radford,  joiner  and 
cabinet  maker,  and  from  there  he  enlisted  into  the  Life 
Guards.  His  father  and  family  removed  from  Wollaton 
to  a  farm  at  Cossall,  formerly  occupied  by  a  Mr.  Haslam ; 
and  I  remember  Shaw  several  times,  on  leave  of  absence 
from  his  regiment,  being  at  his  father's  (William  Shaw), 
at  Cossall,  where  he  used  to  give  lessons,  as  a  pugilist,  to 
several  young  gentlemen  and  others  in  the  neighbour- 
hood, &c.  He  had  a  brother,  Wm.  Shaw  (now  dead), 
who  lived  at  Stapleford,  and  three  or  four  sisters.  John 
was  the  youngest  of  the  family.  I  think  the  most  suit- 
able place  for  the  proposed  monument  woald  be  (if  ap- 
proved by  Lord  Middleton)  in  the  square  opposite  to  the 
Admiral  Rodney,  in  the  centre  of  the  village,  and  but  a 
few  yards  from  the  place  of  his  birth.  What  officer  of  a 
cavalry  regiment,  when  taking  his  men  and  horses  an 
airing,  would  not  like  to  wheel  his  troop  round  the  monu- 
ment of  a  brave  man  ?  "  Yours,  &c. 

"  A  SCHOOLFELLOW  OF  SHAW." 

F.  S.  CRESWELL. 
Radford,  Nottingham. 


THE  BOOK  OF  COMMON  PRAYER. 
At  the  commencement  of  the  reigns  of  James 
II.,  William  and  Mary,  and  Queen  Anne,  it  was 
a  common  practice  to  insert  in  Prayer-Books 
sheets  or  leaves  containing  the  names  of  the  so- 
vereign and  royal  family.  In  the  first  year  of 
each  reign  a  new  edition  of  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer  for  churches  was  always  published  ;  and 
as  the  sheets  and  catch-words  corresponded  with 
the  later  editions  of  the  previous  reign,  the  sheets 
or  leaves  were  easily  procured.  Sometimes  the 
alterations  were  made  with  a  pen  by  the  parochial 
clergyman ;  at  other  times  sheets  or  leaves  were 
inserted.  Frequently,  however,  the  insertions 
were  only  partial,  and  thus  books  are  often  found 
with  the  name  of  one  sovereign  in  one  part,  and 
the  name  of  the  preceding  sovereign  in  another. 

I  give  an  illustration  from  a  book  now  before 
me,  a  folio,  of  the  date  1686,  the  last  edition  but 
one  of  the  reign  of  James  II.  In  the  Morning 
and  Evening  Prayer,  the  Communion  Office,  the 
Litany  and  Ordinal,  sheets  or  leaves  are  inserted 
with  the  names  of  William  and  Mary,  and  Anne, 
Princess  of  Denmark.  In  short,  the  necessary 
changes  are  made  in  most  of  the  places ;  yet  in  a 
few  they  are  not  made.  The  services  for  Nov.  5, 
Jan.  30,  and  May  29  remain  unchanged.  The 
title,  which  specifies  four  state  services,  remains  : 
yet  the  Accession  Service  is  removed.  My  copy 
was  evidently  carefully  prepared  after  the  acces- 
sion of  William  and  Mary,  for  it  has  their  ciphers 
with  the  royal  crown  stamped  on  the  back  and  on 
the  sides.  The  volume  is  in  red  morocco,  and 
must  have  been  used  in  one  of  the  royal  chapels. 

I  have  seen  various  books  more  or  less  altered 
by  insertions.  My  remarks  will  serve  to  explain 


the  irregularities  so  often  found  in  books  of  the 
reigns  of  Charles  II.,  James  II.,  and  William  III. 
The  practice,  indeed,  was  continued  after  the  ac- 
cession of  George  I. 

I  shall  be  obliged  to  any  of  your  readers  who 
may  refer  me  to  a  copy  of  an  edition  of  the  Book 
of  Common  Prayer,  12mo.,  black  letter,  1615.  In 
this  edition  there  is  a  most  extraordinary  suppres- 
sion of  rubrics.  Not  even  in  the  small  books  of 
the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth  have  I  found  so 
many  omissions.  All  the  rubrics  at  the  com- 
mencement and  close  of  the  Communion  Office, 
almost  all  in  the  Office  for  Baptism,  with  many  in 
the  rest  of  the  Occasional  Offices  and  in  the  Daily 
Service,  are  altogether  suppressed. 

To  prevent  trouble,  I  may  mention  that  I  do 
not  wish  for  information  about  any  thin  edition  of 
that  or  any  other  year,  in  which  the  Epistles  and 
Gospels  are  suppressed.  Such  small  thin  editions 
are  of  no  authority  whatever.  They  were  got  up 
by  printers,  and  were  intended  to  be  bound  with 
Bibles. 

A  few  years  ago  a  correspondent  mentioned  a 
copy  of  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  fol.,  1625. 
Should  this  Note  meet  his  eye,  I  should  bo 
obliged  if  he  would  communicate  with  me  by 
letter.  THOMAS  LATHBURT. 

Bristol. 


LEETE  FAMILY,  co.  CAMBRIDGE. — A  genealo- 
gist would  feel  obliged  for  any  information  re- 
specting the  families  of  Leete  of  Guilden,  Morden, 
Kingston,  and  Eversden,  in  the  county  of  Cam- 
bridge. A  GENEALOGIST, 

JOHN  URY. — John  Urv,  hung  at  New  York  in 
1741  as  a  supposed  principal  in  a  supposed  negro 
plot,  claimed  to  be  son  of  a  secretary  of  the  South 
Sea  Company,  and  to  have  been  a  nonjuring 
clergyman,  whose  chapel  in  London  was  seized 
by  government.  He  arrived  in  America  in  Feb. 
1739.  Can  any  of  your  readers  throw  any  light 
on  the  history  of  this  victim  of  fanaticism  ? 

J.  G.  S, 

BERWICKSHIRE  SANDY.  —  Seeing  that  you  have 
correspondents  upon  the  Border,  may  I  ask  who 
Berwickshire  Sandy  was  ? 

This  individual  published  at  Edinburgh  in  1801 , 
Poems  mostly  in  the  Scottish  Dialect,  with  his  por- 
trait affixed ;  and  although  his  name  and  fame 
may  not  have  travelled  far,  yet  B.  S.  was,  doubt- 
less, at  the  period  a  well-known  character  in  his 
native  district.  J.  O. 

WHIPPING  FOR  THE  LADIES. —  In  what  miscel" 
lany  of  the  period  and  character  of  The  Rambler, 
The  Tatler,  The  Guardian,  &c.  is  a  paper  entitled 
"  Whipping  for  the  Ladies  ?  " 

The  above-named  works  have  been  searched 
without  success.  A  CONSTANT  READER, 


2"d  s.  IX.  AI-KIL  21.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


305 


MTLBOURNE  FAMILY,  co.  SOMERSET.  —  It  is 
said  that  Milborn  Port  gave  name  to  an  eminent 
family,  of  which  Sir  William  de  Milbourne,  Knt., 
temp.  Edw.  III.,  was  a  member.  Is  there  any 
proof  of  this  ?  If  so,  what  was  the  surname  of  the 
family  previous  to  taking  the  name  of  Mil- 
bourne  ? 

Was  the  ancient  family  of  Charrone  (who  bore 
for  arms  gu.  a  chev.  between  3  escallops  arg.)  any 
relation  to  that  of  Milbourne  ? 

Of  what  branch  of  the  family  was  llalph  Mil- 
bourne,  steward  of  the  monastery  of  Glaston- 
bury  ? 

Is  there  any  pedigree  extant  of  the  Mil- 
bournes  of  Milborn  Fort  and  Dunkerton,  both  in 
co.  Somerset  ?  If  so,  where  are  they  deposited  ? 

A  GENEALOGIST. 

THE  REV.  ALEX.  GOLDEN. —  Can  any  corre- 
spondent supply  me  with  the  full  title  to  An  Elegy 
upon  the  Death  of  the  Rev.  Alexander  Golden,  late 
Minister  of  the  Gospel  at  Oxname,  frc.  Sm.  8vo., 
pp.  36.,  written,  according  to  an  acrostic  at  the 
end,  by  George  Robson. 

The  poet  is  a  very  homely  one  :  speaking  of 
Mr.  C.'s  family,  he  says  :  — 

"  He  had  no  children  left,  excepting  twa ; 
The  one  of  whom  is  in  America." 

Which  latter  seems  to  point  at  Cadwallader 
Golden,  the  founder  of  a  considerable  name  in  the 
New  World.  J.  O. 

TITLER.  —  Sugar-loaves  of  a  certain  class  are, 
in  commerce,  termed  titlers.  What  is  the  deriva- 
tion of  the  word  ?  Is  it  from  a  fanciful  resem- 
blance in  shape  to  a  teat,  or  dug  ?  T.  LAMFBAY. 

JAMES  DALTON,  of  Clare  Hall,  B. A.  1787,  M.A. 
1790,  was  rector  of  Copgrove  in  Yorkshire,  and 
appears  to  have  been  well  skilled  in  natural  his- 
tory. (See  Freeman's  Life  of  Kirby,  229 — 232. 
243.)  When  did  he  die  ? 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

THE  WINDOW  TAX.— 

"  Your  frozen  heart  ne'er  learned  to  glow 
At  other's  joy,  or  melt  at  woe, 

Your  very  roof  is  chilling ; 
There  bounty  never  sheds  her  ray ; 
You  e'en  shut  out  the  light  of  day, 
To  save  a  paltry  shilling ! " 

("  Ode  to  Jenkinson."— Fitzpatrick.') 
It  was  said  that  Jenkinson,  though  he  was  in 
office  at  the  time  the  window-tax  was  imposed, 
was  one  of  the  first  to  set  the  example,  at  his  seat 
near  Croydon,  of  stopping  up  windows  in  order 
to  escape  the  duty. 

The  practice,  at  first  decried,  soon  became 
general.  I  remember  hearing  it  said,  many  years 
after,  that  on  occasion  of  the  peace  of  1802,  the 
effect  of  the  illumination  at  my  grandmother's 
house  — a  large  and  handsome  house  in  South 


Hants  —  was  completely  marred  through  the 
many  windows  that  had  been  stopped  up.  For 
some  reason,  I  believe  on  account  of  the  weather, 
they  could  not  place  lights  outside  of  the  darkened 
windows. 

Perhaps  this  anecdote,  merely  as  a  reminiscence 
of  ancient  days,  may  prove  interesting  to  some  of 
your  readers.  W.  D. 

SEALS  OF  LORD  HASTINGS  OF  ABERGAVENNT. 
—  Among  the  impressions  of  seals  on  sale  by 
M'Ready  of  Norwich  are  two  concerning  which  I 
should  be  glad  if  you  or  your  correspondents 
could  supply  information. 

They  are  called  the  seal  and  counter-seal  of 
John  Lord  Hastings  of  Abergavenny.  Of  this 
name  there  were  two  barons,  who  died  severally 
in  1313  and  1325. 

The  seals  are  of  similar  size,  circular,  4  inches 
diameter,  and  each  bears  a  heater- shaped  shield 
2  inches  broad  by  2£  inches  high. 

The  seal  bears  "  On  a  cross  between  4  fl.-de- 
lys,  5  fl.-de-lys."  The  shield  is  placed  between 
three  sprigs  of  something  resembling  the  hop,  and 
round  the  whole  is  a  legend  broken  away  at  the 
top,  and  elsewhere  much  defaced.  It  seems  to 
me  to  be  — 


" N  TOME :   JOHANA  MV-    .   .    .    .     N       .    . 

.      .      .      LLE    GOD :   NAMENDE :  M " 

The  counterseal  bears  also  "  a  cross  charged 
with  5  fl.-de-lys,"  but  it  is  placed  between  1  and 
4,  a  lion  passant  looking  sinisterwards ;  3.  a  lion 
rampant  also  looking  sinisterwards ;  and  4.  a  lion 
rampant. 

On  each  side  is  a  "sort  of  dragon,  very  like  a 
Plesiosaurus,  climbing  up  the  shield,  and  there 
are  traces  of  something  like  a  third  one  above." 

The  legend  is  broken  away  at  the  top,  and  much 
defaced.  I  cannot  make  out  the  following :  — 


HE  :  OPL  :  ODESIKT  :  IOH  :  HIE 


EGOD " 

and  I  am  not  certain  even  of  these  letters. 

The  execution  of  the  seals  is  very  rude  indeed, 
and  the  crosses  are  very  thin. 

What  are  these  arms  ?  They  are  not  Hastings 
or  Cantelupe.  I  cannot  learn  that  they  are  Aber- 
gavenny. And  what  are  the  legends  ? 

Any  information  of  these  points  will  much 
oblige  QUERIST. 

PAMELA.  —  How  is ,  this  name  pronounced  in 
England?  In  Jeaffreson's  Novels  and  Novelists, 
from  Elizabeth  to  Victoria,  is  this  passage  :  "  So 
much  for  '  Pamela,'  "  which  altered  the  pronunci- 
ation of  the  name  from  Pope's, 

"  The  gods  to  curse  Pamela  with  her  prayers." 

From  this  we  are  to  conclude  that  after  the 
publication  of  Richardson's  novel  what  had  been 
called  Pamela  became  Pamela.  It  is  pronounced 
in  both  ways  in  this  country.  Richardson's  novels 


306 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


O*S.  IX.  APRIL  21. '60. 


were  as  popular  in  America  as  in  Europe,  and  to 
this  day  the  name  is  occasionally  met  with,  varied 
by  those  who  do  not  know  whence  it  is  derived 
into  Pamelia  and  Fermelia.  UNEDA. 

Philadelphia. 

DIBDIN  AT  THE  NORE.  — Is  there  any  published 
authority  for  the  statement  made  by  F  AIRPLAY  in 
the  last  number  of  "  N.  &  Q."  (p. 280.)  that  "Mr. 
Pitt  encouraged  Dibdin  to  go  among  the  sailors 
during  the  mutiny  at  the  Nore  ?  "  P.  H. 

CHETTLE'S  WELSH.  —  Will  you  permit  me  to 
ask  your  British  readers  whether  the  Welsh  of 
Chettle's  "  Patient  Grizzel,"  be  good  Welsh,  or 
a  mere  gallimaufry  of  language.  Chettle,  Dekker, 
and  Haughton,  are  not  names  that  smack  of  the 
Principality,  nor  can  one  see  how  a  London  audi- 
ence could  have  appreciated  the  fun  of  whole 
sentences  of  Welsh,  though  Sir  Owen  states  that 
it  is  "  finer  as  Greek  tongue."  G.  H.  K. 

VOLTAIRE.  — 

"  The  correspondent  of  The  Times  has  studied  to  ad- 
vantage the  advice  of  Voltaire  on  the  means  of  under- 
raining  the  Christian  truth :  *  Mentez,  mentez  hardi- 
ment.' "  —  Letter  dated  Paris,  April  10,  in  Tablet,  April 
14,  1860. 

My  copy  of  Voltaire  professes  to  be  his  com- 
plete works.  I  have  read  it  through,  and  the 
greater  part  of  it  more  than  once,  but  do  not 
remember  anything  which  would  warrant  the 
opinion  that  Voltaire  was  so  wicked  as  to  adopt 
or  so  foolish  as  to  recommend  such  a  practice.  I 
should  like  to  know  whether  this  saying  or  writing 
was  ever  imputed  to  him  before  last  week,  and  if 
so,  when  and  by  whom  ?  [FITZHOPKINS. 

Garrick  Club. 

HALE  THE  PIPER.  —  Can  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents furnish  me  with  any  particulars  relat- 
ing to  this  worthy,  whose  portrait  is  engraved  in 
Caulfield's  Memoirs  of  Remarkable  Persons?  I 
should  be  glad  to  know  where  a  copy  of  the  origi- 
nal portrait,  with  the  music  and  song  beneath, 
may  be  seen,  and  to  have  the  words  of  the  song. 
Any  information  will  be  very  acceptable. 

LLEWELLYNN  JEWITT. 

Derby. 

RED  GOLD. — In  the  Codex  DipL  JEv.  Sax.,  vol. 
iv.  p.  291.,  is  printed  the  will  of  Theodred,  Bishop 
of  London,  who  died  about  the  year  962.  In  this 
will  the  bishop  bequeaths  a  certain  quantity  of  red 
gold  on  two  occasions ;  first,  he  granted  his  lord  his 
heriot,  namely,  "  tua  hund  marcas  arede  goldes." 
This  is  printed  "  tua  hund  mancasa-  rede  goldes  " 
in  Kemble's  "  Notes  on  the  Bishops  of  East  An- 
glia,"  in  the  Norwich  volume  of  the  Proceedings  of 
the  Archaeological  Institute ;  and  next  he  gives  to 
Edith  "  fifti  marcas  redes  goldes."  Pray  allow  me 
to  inquire  what  this  red  gold  was  ? 


SEARCH  WARRANTS,  HOW  EXECUTED.  — 

"  By  the  old  common  law,  which,  though  allowed  to 
fall  into  disuse,  has  never  been  formally  abrogated,  the 
constable  executing  a  search- warrant  was  obliged  to  leave 
his  upper  coat  at  the  door,  and  the  party  complaining  to 
strip  if  he  choose  to  assist,  lest  innocent  men  should  be 
convicted  by  what  was  called  the  suppositition  of  goods." 

From  a  pamphlet  of  thirty- two  pages,  London, 
1830,  entitled  Police  and  Espionage. 

The  pamphlet  is  coarse  and  virulent,  but  the 
author  does  not  seem  to  have  been  illiterate. 
Was  there  ever  such  a  law  or  custom  ?  S.  H. 

NAPOLEON  III.  —  When  and  where  did  the 
first  wife  of  the  emperor  die  ?  In  the  Family  Zz- 
brary,  "  Court  and  Camp  of  Buonaparte,"  he  is 
mentioned  as  having  married  his  first  cousin, 
"  Charlotte,"  the  second  daughter  of  his  uncle 
"  Joseph,  ex-King  of  Spain."  She  is  represented 
as  living  at  Florence,  and  alive  in  1830.  What 
title  or  name  did  she  assume,  as  he  relinquished 
his  titles  of"  Grand  Duke  of  Berg  and  Cleves"  in 
1814?  A. 


PETER  FINNERTY. — Reverting  to  by  gone  times 
and  persons,  I  should  thank  any  correspondent  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  to  point  out  to  me  a  memoir  of  the 
above  gentleman,  whom  I  can  well  remember  to 
have  seen  lounging  in  the  afternoons  in  St.  James's 
Street,  as  was  then  the  custom.  I  may  say  floruit 
at  the  beginning  of  this  century.  He  was  a  robust 
stout  Hibernian,  well  educated,  possessing  much 
fluency  and  rapidity  of  enunciation.  He  was  con- 
stantly employed  on  the  Morning  Chronicle,  and 
was  for  some  years  editor  of  that  journal,  and 
was  also  much  acquainted  with  the  eminent  lite- 
rary and  political  characters  of  his  day.  SUBJICIO. 

[Peter  Finnerty  was  the  son  of  a  tradesman  at  Lough - 
rea  in  Gal  way.  At  an 'early  age  he  had  to  seek  his  for- 
tune at  Dublin,  and  was  brought  up  as  a  printer.  In  the 
revolutionary  year  of  1798,  he  succeeded  Arthur  O'Con- 
nor as  printer  of  the  democratic  organ  The  Press.  The 
violence  of  that  paper  caused  it  to  be  prosecuted.  On 
Friday,  December  22,  1797,  Finnerty  was  tried  upon 
an  Indictment  for  a  Seditious  Libel  in  The  Press,  be- 
fore the  Hon.  William  Downes,  one  of  the  Justices  of 
the  Court  of  King's  Bench  in  Ireland.  The  prosecution 
was  owing  to  a  letter  signed  "  Marcus,"  on  the  subject 
of  the  conviction  and  execution  of  William  Orr,  on  a 
charge  of  administering  unlawful  oaths  —  a  topic  con- 
tinually brought  forward  and  animadverted  upon  by 
the  conductors  of  The  Press.  Finnerty  was  sentenced  to 
stand  in  and  upon  the  pillory  for  the  space  of  one  hour ; 
to  be  imprisoned  for  two  years  to  be  computed  from  the 
31st  October,  1797  (the  day  he  was  arrested) ;  to  pay  a 
fine  of  201.  to  the  king ;  and  to  give  security  for  his  future 
good  behaviour  for  seven  years  from  the  end  of  his  im- 
prisonment, himself  in  500/.,  and  two  sureties  in  250/. 
each.  (Cobbett's  State  Trials,  xxvi.  902-1018  )  On  his 
removal  to  London,  Finnerty  engaged  himself  as  a  par- 
liamentary reporter  for  the "Morn ing  Chronicle.  Having 
become  acquainted  with  Sir  Home  Popham,  he  sailed 


2«d  S.  IX.  APHIL  21.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


307 


with  the  Walcberen  expedition,  with  a  view  of  reporting 
its  achievements;  but  being  prevented  carrying  that  ob- 
ject into  effect,  after  a  delay  of  some  weeks,  he  returned 
to  England. 

Finnerty  was  a  strange  wild  effervescent  sort  of  Irish- 
man, extremely  quick  and  ready,  and  at  the  boiling 
point  in  a  minute.  He  had  a  fracas  with  George  Hanger, 
afterwards  Lord  Coleraine.  Like  Porson  and  Paul  Hif- 
fernan,  his  favourite  haunt  was  the  Cider  Cellar,  No.  20. 
Maiden  Lane,  Covent  Garden,  celebrated  for  its  devilled 
kidneys,  oysters,  and  Welsh  rabbits,  where  very  choice 
spirits  and  intellectual  men  passed  their  nights,  as  well  as 
their  days. 

In  February,  1811,  Finnerty  was  committed  to  Lincoln 
gaol  for  eighteen  months,  having  also  to  find  securities 
for  five  years'  good  behaviour,  himself  in  500/.  and  two 
sureties  in  200/.  each,  for  a  libel  on  Lord  Castlereagb,  on 
a  judgment  by  default  in  the  Court  of  King's  Bench. 
He  memorialised  the  House  of  Commons  on  June  21, 
against  the  treatment  he  experienced  in  gaol,  accusing  the 
gaolers  of  cruelty  and  placing  him  with  felons,  refusing 
him  air  and  exercise.  There  were  several  discussions  on 
the  subject,  in  which  he  was  highly  spoken  of  by  Whit- 
bread.  Burdett,  Romilly,  and  Brougham.  (Hansard's 
Parliamentary  Debates,  xx.  723-43.,  1811.)  He  died  in 
Westminster,  May  1 1,  1822,  aged  fifty-six. 

Peter  Finnerty  used  to  relate  the  following  anecdote  of 
his  friend  Mark  Supple,  a  thick-boned  Irish  reporter  in 
the  staff  of  Perry  on  the  Morning  Chronicle.  Supple  after 
having  dined  at  Bellamy's,  as  was  his  wont,  walked  into 
the  gallery  of  the  House  of  Commons,  and  taking  advan- 
tage of  a  pause  in  the  debate,  roared  out  for  "  A  song 
from  Mr.  Speaker !  "  The  Speaker,  the  precise  Adding- 
ton,  was  paralysed  ;  the  House  was  thunderstruck  —  there 
was  clearly  no  precedent  for  this.  In  the  next  minute 
the  comic  prevailed  over  the  serious,  and  the  House  was 
in  a  roar  of  laughter,  led  off  by  Pitt.  However,  for 
appearance  sake,  the  serjeant-at-arms  was  obliged  to 
seek  out  the  offender ;  but  no  one  in  the  gallery  would 
betray  Mark  Supple,  and  the  official  was  about  retiring 
at  fault,  when  Supple  indicated  to  him  by  a  meaning  nod 
that  a  fat  Quaker  who  sat  near  him  was  the  delinquent. 
The  poor  Quaker  was  taken  into  custody  accordingly; 
but  in  the  midst  of  a  scene  of  confusion  and  excitement, 
the  real  culprit  was  discovered,  and  after  a  few  hours' 
durance,  was  allowed  to  go  off,  on  making  an  apology. 
(Andrews's  British  Journalism,  ii.  31.) 

Finnerty  published,  Report  of  the  Speeches  of  Sir  F. 
Burdett  at  the  late  Election,  8vo.  1804 ;  and  His  Case,  in- 
cluding the  Law  Proceedings  against  him,  and  his  treat- 
ment iu  Lincoln  Gaol,  8vo.  1811.] 

"  NOUVEAU  TESTAMENT  PAR  LES  THEOLOGIENS 
DE  LOUVAIN.  Bourdeaux,  1686."— In  a  handbill 
now  before  me,  dated  1821,  the  above-named  book, 
inter  alia,  is  for  sale.  The  bill  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  Catalogue  of  part  of  the  library  of  the  late  Duke  of 
Norfolk,  removed  from  Home  Lacy  ;  also,  the  library  of 
a  Clergyman,  deceased,  will  be  sold  by  Auction  by  Mr. 
Evans,  at  his  house,  No.  93.  Pall  Mall,  on  Monday,  Dec. 
3rd,  1821,  and  six  following  days  (Sundays  excepted)." 

Is  there  any  possibility  of  finding  out  to  whom 
this  volume  was  sold,  and  all  or  any  particulars 
respecting  it  ?  GEORGE  LLOYD. 

[We  have  now  before  us  Evans's  Catalogue  of  Dec.  3, 
$21,  with  the  purchasers'  names  and  prices,  and  we  find 
that  No.   1342,  Le  Nouveau    Testament,   traduit  par  ks 
fologlens  de  Louvain,  Bourdeaux,  1686,  8vo.  was  sold 
.  Pettigrew.     This  identical  copy,  which  was  for- 
merly in  Caaar  de  Missy's   collection,  is  now  in  the 


I  British  Museum,  and  as  it  came  from  the  library  of  the 
1  late  Duke  of  Sussex,  it  would  appear  there  19  a  slight 
inaccuracy  in  the  following  note  on  the  article  in  Mr. 
Pettigrew's  Catalogue,  Bibliotheca  Sussexiana,  vol.  ii. 
p.  543. :  He  says,  "  Of  this  rare  edition  of  the  New  Tes- 
tament, four  copies  only  are  known  [the  Catalogue  of  the 
British  Museum  states  that  "  only  eight  copies  are  known 
to  exist"].  I  purchased  it  at  the  sale  of  Ccesar  de  Missy's 
books  and  MSS.  for  the  sum  of  241.  The  other  copies  are 
in  the  possession  of  the  Duke  of  Devonshire,  in  the  library 
of  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Durham,  and  in  the  Archie- 
piscopal  library  at;Lambeth.  [A  pencil  note  in  the  British 
Museum  copy  farther  adds,  there  are  two  copies  at  Dub- 
lin, one  in  the  Bodleian,  and  one  in  Christ  Church, 
Oxford.]  Its  publication  took  place  at  a  time  when  con- 
troversy ran  high  between  [Roman]  Catholics  and  Pro- 
testants, and  this  edition  was  put  forth  as  the  production 
of  the  Doctors  of  the  Louvaiu,  and  its  accuracy  was  at- 
tested by  the  Archbishop  of  Bordeaux.  The  fraud  at- 
tempted was,  however,  soon  detected,  and  the  edition 
was  doomed  to  destruction.  A  great  number  of  passages 
are  perverted  from  the  truth,  evidentfy  by  design,  to 
favour  the  dogmas  of  the  Roman  Catholic  Church. 
Bishop  Kidder  published  a  tract  containing  reflections 
on  this  translation,  London,  1690,  4to.  To  this  I  refer 
the  reader  for  a  very  particular  examination  of  the  edi- 
tion :  it  may  suffice  here  to  allude  to  two  passages  only, 
from  which  its  character  can  be  estimated : — Acts  xiii.  2., 

*  Or  comme  ils  offraient  au  Seigneur  le  Sacrifice  de  la 
Messe; '  Corinthians  iii.  15.,  after  '  il  sera  sauve'  follows 

*  par  le  Feu  de  purgatoire.'  "] 

DR.  THOMAS  COMBER.— Was  Thomas  Comber, 
the  liturgical  writer  (born  1645),  related  to  the 
Comber  family  of  Shermanbury,  Sussex  ? 

H.  J.  MATHEWS. 

[In  1542  the  manor  of  Shermanbury  in  Sussex  was 
sold  by  William  Lord  Sandys  to  William  Comber,  who 
was  the  great-grandfather  of  Dr.  Thomas  Comber,  Dean 
of  Durham,  the  liturgical  writer.  The  arms  of  the  family 
given  at  the  Heralds'  Office,  in  1571,  to  one  of  the  Dean's 
ancestors,  Mr.  John  Comber  of  Shermanbury,  in  the 
county  of  Sussex,  gentleman,  are,  field  or,  bend  wave, 
gules ;  three  stars,  sable.  Crest,  a  lynx's  head.  In  the 
Memoirs  of  the  Life  and  Writings  of  Thomas  Comber, 
D.D.  Dean  of  Durham,  by  his  great-grandson,  Thomas 
Comber,  A.B.  8vo.  1799,  it  is  stated  (p.  6.)  that  "  the 
Dean  of  Durham,  as  himself  informs  us,  was  descended 
from  a  very  ancient  family  at  Barkham,  in  the  county  of 
Sussex,  and  that  manor,  according  to  family  tradition, 

was  bestowed  upon  one  of  his  ancestors, de  Combre, 

by  William  the  Conqueror,  with  whom  he  came  over 
from  Normandy,  for  killing  its  Saxon  or  Danish  Lord  in 
the  famous  battle  which  placed  that  Duke  on  the  throne 
of  England."] 

THE  CHRISTIAN  ADVOCATE.  —  I  find  the  fol- 
lowing note  at  p.  117.  of  Lady  Morgan's  Autobio- 
graphy. (Bentley,  1859)  :  — 

"  My  husband  gave  up  his  profession  at  the  period  of 
the  prosecution  of  the  Christian  Advocate  ....  He  re- 
fused to  belong  to  a  profession  whose  great  truths  he  was 
not  permitted  to  avow." 

To  what  circumstance,  and  what  "  Christian 
Advocate  "  does  her  ladyship  allude  ?  A  "  Rev. 
Mr.  Reynolds  "  [Rennell]  appears  to  be  the  party 
connected  with  it,  but  I  can  only  trace  the  mo- 
dern periodical  of  that  name.  GEORGE  LLOYD. 

[Lady  Morgan  here  alludes  to  the  masterly  production 
of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Rennell,  B.D.,  F.R.S.,  who  soon  after 


308 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  APRIL  21.  '60. 


his  appointment  as  Christian  Advocate  in  the  University  of 
Cambridge,  published  Remarks  on  Scepticism,  especially  as 
it  is  connected  with  the  Subjects  of  Organization  and  Life  ; 
being  an  Answer  to  the  Views  of  M,  Bichat,  Sir  T.  C. 
M organ,  and  Mr.  Lawrence,  upon  those  points,  8vo.  1819. 
This  valuable  work  passed  through  six  editions.  When 
Mr.  Rennell  saw  in  the  schools,  both  of  Paris  and  Lon- 
don, medical  science  made  the  handmaid  of  irreligion, 
aiid  observed  in  particular  "a  considerable  advance  of 
sceptical  principle  upon  the  subjects  of  organisation  and 
life,"  the  doctrine  of  materialism  paving  the  way  for 
infidelity  and  atheism,  he  thought  that  he  could  not 
better  discharge  the  duty  which  from  "  the  office  he  held 
in  the  University,"  he  owed  to  it  and  the  world,  than  "  to 
call  the  attention  of  the  public  to  the  mischievous  ten- 
dency of  such  opinions."  This  able  work  foils  the  sceptic 
with  his  own  weapons,  and  makes  him  feel  that  reason 
and  philosophy  are  not  for  him,  but  against  him,  in  the 
great  question  of  Natural  and  Revealed  Religion.] 


ANTHONY  DE  SOLEMNE, 
(2nd  S.  ix.  245.) 

As  I  ain  sure  that  you  would  not  intentionally  do 
an  injustice  to  any  one,  I  must  beg  you  to  correct 
an  error  which  has  crept  into  your  last  number, 
where  my  excellent  friend  Archdeacon  Cotton  is 
represented  to  have  mentioned  Norwich  in  Con- 
necticut, but  to  have  omitted  aji  notice  of  the 
City  of  Norwich  in  England,  in  his  Typographical 
Gazetteer. 

I  have  not  the  first  edition  of  the  work  in  ques- 
tion at  hand,  and  therefore  am  unable  to  say  how 
far  the  remark  may  be  true  as  applied  to  that ; 
but  the  second  (1831)  now  lies  before  me,  and  if 
your  correspondent  MB.  VAN  LENNEP  will  be  so 
good  as  to  refer  to  it,  under  the  title  Nordovicum, 
p.  195.,  he  will  find,  not  indeed  an  account  of 
Dutch  Bibles  printed  at  Norwich,  copies  of  which 
would  probably  only  be  found  in  Holland,  but  of 
a  Dutch  metrical  version  of  the  Psalms,  1568,  and 
a  small  calendar,  1570,  which  are  both  dated  at 
Norwich,  and  of  a  Dutch  version  of  the  New 
Testament,  with  the  annotations  of  Marloratus, 
and  some  Dutch  sermons  of  Cornells  Adriaenssen 
van  Dordrecht,  which  two  latter  are  supposed  to 
have  issued  from  the  same  press.  These  four  rare 
works  are  found  in  the  library  of  Trinity  College, 
Dublin ;  and  in  the  Bodleian  Library,  Oxford,  is 
a  most  curious  broadside,  probably  unique,  con- 
taining Certayne  Versis  writtene  by  Thomas  Brooke, 
getleman,  Sfc.  &fc.  Imprynted  at  Norwich,  in  the 
paryshe  of  Saynct  Andrewe,  by  Anthony  de  So- 
lempne,  1570.  So  that  we  have  here  the  origin 
of  the  error  :  De  Solempne's  name  was  Anthonyr 
but  he  lived  in  the  parish  of  St.  Andrew. 

I  have  to  apologise  for  saying  so  much  on  this 
Flemish  printer's  Norwich  publications,  but  many 
of  your  readers  may  not  have  an  opportunity  of 
referring  to  the  Typographical  Gazetteer  in  ques- 
tion for  a  fuller  and  better  account ;  and  by  de- 


scribing, however  briefly,  the  titles  of  works, 
copies  of  which  we  are  known  to  possess,  we  may 
perhaps  arrive,  by  means  of  your  pages,  at  notices 
of  others  which  have  hitherto  laid  neglected  and 
unknown.  I.  \\r. 

Oxford. 

On  the  title-page  of  the  Dutch  Psalter,  contain- 
ing also  the  Catechism,  Commandments,  £c.,  now 
lying  before  me,  the  printer's  name  is  given  as 
above,  the  imprint  being  as  follows  : — "  TOT  NOOR- 
WITZ,  gheprint  by  Anthonium  de  Solemne,  anno 
MDLXVIII.,"  and  the  same  imprint  occurs  on  the 
title  of  the  Calendar  (the  date  of  which  Js,  how- 
ever, MDLXX.)  which  is  bound  up  at  the  end  of  the 
volume. 

This  affords  satisfactory  evidence  as  to  the 
printer's  Christian  name  of  Anthony,  and  not  An- 
drew. Moreover,  I  have  seen  in  the  Guildhall 
at  Norwich  the  original  record  of  his  being  en- 
rolled in  the  list  of  freemen,  where  he  is  called 
Anthony  Solen.  Blomefield,  who  probably  never 
saw  any  of  the  books  printed  by  this  worthy  old 
citizen,  follows  the  spelling  which  he  found  in  the 
tjity  records  —  Solen.  ME.  VAN  LENNEP  says  that 
he  has  been  told  that  at  least  five  editions  of  the 
Bible  in  Dutch  were  printed  at  Norwich.  Will 
he  favour  us  with  some  information  as  to  his 
authority  for  this  statement,  the  accuracy  of  which 
he  very  justly  doubts?  They  surely  cannot  all 
have  been  required  for  the  use  of  the  residents 
there  ;  and  MR.  VAN  LENNEP  has  himself,  I  think, 
shown  that  there  is  but  little  probability  of  their 
having  been  printed  for  exportation.  Any  at- 
tempt to  obtain  information  on  the  subject  in 
Norwich,  except  from  the  city  records,  and  these 
unfortunately  in  bygone  years  were  pretty  freely 
used  for  lighting  fires  in  the  hall !  would  be  hope- 
less, I*  fear,  as  the  congregation  has  now  so 
dwindled  away  that,  out  of  the  twenty  or  thirty 
persons  who  attend  the  Dutch  service  still  per- 
formed there  once  a  year  (in  July),  I  much  doubt 
whether  there  is  one  remaining  who  is  able  to 
follow  the  minister  through  the  Lord's  Prayer. 

Q. 

At  p.  74.  of  the  fifth  volume  of  Norfolk  Archa* 
ology  (Cundall  &  Co.,  Norwich,  1859),  is  a  short 
paper  by  W.  C.  Ewing,  Esq.,  on  "  The  Norwich 
Conspiracy  of  1570  ;"  towards  the  end  of  which  is 
printed  the  following  :  — 

"  Append,  ad  J.  Leland's  Collectanea,  p.  1,  2a.  Certayne 
versis,  writtene  by  Thorn.  Brooke,  Gentleman,  in  the 
tyme  of  his  imprysonment,  the  daye  before  his  deathe, 
who  sufferyd  at  Norwich  the  30  of  August,  1570." 

I  omit  the  verses,  but  transcribe  from  the  im- 
print of  them  to  the  end  of  the  paper  :  — 

"  ^ar  Imprynted  at  Norwich,  in  the  Paryshe  of  Saynct 
Andrewe,  by  Anthony  de  Solempne,  1570." 


S.  IX.  APRIL  21.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


309 


*    "  The  verses  above  are  in  the  handwriting  of  John 
\irkpatrick,  together  with  the  following:  — 

I    "  '  N.  B. This  is  printed  in  said  Appendix  from  a 

muted*  Copy  remaining  in  the  Bodleian  Library  at  Ox- 
jrd,  to  shew  that  ye  art  of  printing  hath  been  practised 
I  nuch  sooner  at  Norwich  than  some  imagine. 

"  « Anthony  de  la  Solempne,  or  Solemne,  Tipographus, 
line  to  England,  with  his  wife  and  two  children,  from 
Jrabant,  A.n.  1567 ;  and  Albertus  Christianas,  Tipogra- 
)hus,  from  Holland,  the  same  year.' 
I    "  It  appears  that  Anthony  Solempne  lived,  in  1570,  in 
it  Andrew's  parish,  but  after  that  he  must  have  been 
tn  inhabitant  of  St.  John's  Maddermarket,  as  his  name 
requently  occurs  in  the  Overseer's  book  as  a  rate-payer 
n  that  parish." 

EXTRANEUS. 


THOMAS  ADY :  BOOKS  DEDICATED  TO  THE 
DEITY. 

(2nd  S.  ix.  180.  266.) 

As  one  who  had  laboured  in  the  field  with  a 
'ew  other  courageous  men  of  his  time  to  refute 
,he  monstrous  infatuation  of  witchcraft,  it  might 
DC  interesting  to  gather  up  some  biographical  par- 
iculars  of  the  author  of  A  Candle  in  the  Dark,  of 
.vhose  history,  after  some  little  research,  I  have 
aeen  able  to  find  nothing.  There  are,  however, 
nany  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  with  better  opportu- 
nities for  investigation  than  mine  to  whom  the 
I  matter  may  be  safely  entrusted. 

That  Mr.  Ady's  book  had  been  known,  widely 
circulated,  and  perhaps  appreciated  among  the 
more  enlightened  in  his  day,  may,  I  think,  be  in- 
ferred from  the  following  rather  curious  notice  of 
it  in  An  Historical  Essay  concerning  Witchcraft^ 
by  Francis  Hutchinson,  D.D.,  London,  1718.  In 
"  the  Dedication,"  p.  xv.,  he  says :  — 

"When  one  Mr.  Burroughs,  a  clergyman,  who  some 
few  years  since  was  hang'd  in  New-England  as  a  Wiz- 
zard,  stood  upon  his  Tryal,  he  pull'd  out  of  his  Pocket  a 
Leaf  that  he  had  got  of  Mr.  Ady's  Book  to  prove  that 
the  Scripture  Witchcrafts  were  not  like  ours:  And  as 
that  Defence  was  not  able  to  save  him,  I  humbly  offer 
my  Book  as  an  Argument  on  the  behalf  of  all  such  miser- 
able People  who  may  ever  in  Time  to  come  be  drawn 
into  the  same  Danger  in  our  Nation." 

Dr.  Hutchinson  had  just  immediately  before,  in 
his  Dedication,  been  referring  to  such  writers  as 

"  Dr.  More  (who)  brands  all  those  that  oppose  his  Notions 
with  the  odious  Names  of  Hag- Advocates,  yet  I  have 
ventur'd  to  bear  these  Reproaches,  and  run  all  Hazards, 
because  it  ia  on  behalf  of  those  that  were  drawn  to  Death, 
and  were  not  able  to  plead  their  own  Cause  against  He- 
brew Criticisms,  and  fallacious  tho*  deep  Keasonings." 

Any  one  who  has  taken  the  trouble  to  look 
into  the  vast  and  voluminous  works  which  have 
been  composed  pro  and  con  on  the  subject  of 
witchcraft,  may  justly  be  convinced  of  the  im- 
mense amount  of  learning  which  has  been  expen- 
ded, nay,  even  wasted.  When  doctors,  divines, 
judges,  and  juries  differed  so  exceedingly  from 
one  another,  no  wonder  that  the  common  people, 


in  the  confusion  of  opinions,  were  bewildered  and 
confounded,  and  often  thought  themselves  privi- 
leged and  important  persons,  both  to  believe  in, 
and  to  die  as  martyrs  in  support  of  the  claims  of 
the  black  art.  The  simple  art  of  letting  it  alone 
at  last  cured  the  furor  of  the  whole  delusion,  and 
Dr.  Hutchinson,  at  the  date  he  penned  his  book 
(wisely  timed,  good,  and  judicious  as  it  is),  ran 
small  "  hazard,"  if  any  at  all,  of  being  either 
burned,  hanged,  strangled,  or  pilloried  for  his 
pains.  The  last  case  of  judicial  proceedings  in 
England  was  in  1701. 

The  tragical  New  England  instance  introduced 
by  Dr.  Hutchinson  in  the  "Dedication"  is  farther 
stated  at  p.  80.  of  the  Essay  under  date,  Aug.  19, 
1692:  — 

"  Five  more  were  executed  denying  any  Guilt  in  that 
Matter  of  Witchcraft.  One  of  them  was  Mr.  Burroughs, 
a  Minister.  When  he  was  upon  the  Ladder  he  made  a 
Speech  for  the  clearing  his  Innocency,  with  such  solemn 
and  serious  Expressions  as  were  to  the  Admiration  of  all 
present,  and  drew  Tears  from  many.  The  Accusers  said 
the  black  Man  dictated  to  him." 

Alas  for  the  poor  minister  whom  the  "  leaf"  of 
Mr.  Ady's  book  could  not  save,  nor  likely  would 
the  whole  volume  have  had  any  success!  It  is 
quoted  in  various  places  of  Dr.  Hutchinson' s  JEs- 
say  as  an  authority.  G.  JST. 

Some  years  ago  when  I  was  at  Rome  there  was, 
and  for  aught  I  know  there  still  is,  for  the  use  of 
foreigners,  a  guide-book  in  two  vols.,  entitled  Iti- 
nerario  cli  Roma  e  delle  sue  Vicinanze,  by  Sig. 
Nibby,  Professor  of  Archaeology  in  the  University 
of  Rome.  It  had  then  gone  through  three  or  four 
editions.  There  was  said  to  have  been  a  great 
singularity  about  the  first  edition,  namely,  that  it 
was  dedicated  to  St.  Peter.  Can  any  reader  of 
"N.  &  Q."  inform  me  if  it  were  so  ?  CEBCATORE. 


BOLLED. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  28.  251.) 

Although  two  replies  have  been  given  to  the 
question  as  to  the  meaning  of  this  word,  and  the 
Hebrew  for  which  it  is  put  in  Exodus  ix.  31.,  I 
think  more  might  be  said. 

.  First,  therefore,  with  reference  to  the  word 
?V?J,  MR.  BUCKTON  very  unnecessarily  assumes 
that  the  y  in  this  word  was  unpronounced,  as  in 
all  probability  it  was  a  strong  guttural,  and  in- 
deed as  such  it  is  often  represented  by  g  in  the 
Septuagint  version.  On  this  account,  therefore, 
I  cannot  suppose  it  was  ever  written  >12,3,  which 
not  idem  sonans,  the  one  being  gitfol  and  the  other 
g'oul  And  besides,  the  mutation  of  1  into  JJ  is 
contrary  to  all  precedent  and  rule.  When  MR. 
BUCKTON  can  produce  an  example  of  such  a 
change  I  shall  feel  obliged  to  him,  and  equally 


310 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  APRIL  21.  '60. 


so  when  he  proves  that  >12-?  is  derived  from  the 
same  root  as  the  Arabic  word  he  quotes.  It  may 
come  from  the  same  combination  of  letters,  but 
every  one  who  is  at  all  accustomed  to  study  this 
subject  must  be  aware  that  very  often  words  alike 
in  form  are  not  alike  in  origin.  This  is  extremely 
common  in  English,  as  may  be  shown  by  the  trite 
examples  of  box,  boot,  &c. 

I  therefore  regard  MR.  BUCKTON'S  derivations 
as  all  mistaken.  There  is  some  doubt  about  the 
Egyptian  origin  of  7JJ13,  the  third  letter  of  which 
was  not  to  be  found  in  the  language,  at  least  so 
we  may  infer.  There  is  doubt  also  in  reference 
to  the  derivation  proposed  by  Gesenius  from  V!?J, 
a  cup  or  bowl,  because  it  was  not  customary  for 
the  Hebrew  to  receive  ^>  as  an  addition  at  the  end 
of  words.  As  it  stands,  7V3J1  is  either  a  quadri- 
literal,  or  a  derivative  from  some  two  other  words. 
If  I  may  hazard  a  conjecture,  I  should  venture  to 
suggest  that  the  word  is  purely  Hebrew  (although 
it  occurs  in  the  Chaldee  of  the  Targums),  and  is 
from  the  forms  23  and  ^y  or  n^y.  Now  let  us 
see  what  this  suggests.  33  properly  denotes  any- 
thing round,  curved,  or  high,  usually  the  back. 
>>y  signifies  what  is  high,  and  the  verb  H?V  means 
to  go  up,  to  grow  up,  £c.  Connect  the  two  ideas 

and  the  word  ^yia  will  convey  the  meaning  of 
grown  high,  probably  not  only  in  the  stalk,  but 
well  nigh  in  flower.  Written  more  fully  a  n  would 
attach  to  each  of  the  component  parts  of  the  word. 
This  derivation  brings  the  word  within  the  com- 
mon circle  of  the  Shemitic  languages,  all  of  which 
have  its  constituents :  if  they  have  it  not  in  this 
form,  it  suggests  a  reasonable  meaning,  and  one 
which  agrees  with  some  of  the  ancient  versions 
and  contradicts  none  of  them. 

For  example  :  The  LXX.  have  "  producing 
seed,"  or  going  to  seed ;  the  Lat.  Vulg.  "  produc- 
ing seed  vessels  ;"  the  Targum  of  Onkelos  is  ex- 
plained to  signify  the  same  (the  word  "jvlJDJ  is 
used) ;  the  Samaritan  the  same ;  the  Arabic  the 
same ;  the  Syriac  the  same,  although  obscure. 
These  ancient  versions,  to  which  the  Ethiopic,  &c. 
might  be  added,  all  convey  the  idea  of  a  plant 
running  to  seed,  and  therefore  grown  up  and  in 
the  stalk.  The  word  pjnj  is  explained  by  Kimchi 
to  mean  the  stalk  of  flax.  By  many  it  is  under- 
stood of  the  seed-vessels,  or  the  state  in  which 
they  are  produced ;  and  by  others,  as  Gesenius, 
of  the  flower.  The  true  meaning  appears  to  be 
that  of  grown  up. 

And  now  with  respect  to  the  word  boiled.  Its 
form  is  allied  to  ball,  bowl,  bullace ;  bulla,  bolus ; 
bolle ;  bol,  in  English,  Latin,  German,  Dutch,  and 
similar  words  in  various  other  languages.  But  it 
is  not  certain  that  this  is  its  derivation ;  Johnson 
says,  "  Boll,  to  rise  in  a  stalk,"  and  in  the  Swe- 


dish, bol  occurs  in  Isa.  vi.  13.  for  the  stem  of  a 
tree.  The  question  then  is,  are  we  to  understand 
boiled  as  "in  seed"  or  "in  the  stalk .»"  I  am  in- 
clined to  the  latter,  and  believe  that  the  trans- 
lators used  a  word  which  agreed  exactly  with  the 

derivation  above  suggested  for  the  Hebrew  'JPi, 
which,  like  this,  only  occurs  once  in  the  entire 
Bible. 

Excuse  the  length  of  this  Note,  but  the  subject 
is  both  curious  and  suggestive,  and  its  discussion 
will  perhaps  throw  light  on  a  remarkable  passage 
of  Scripture.  B.  H.  C. 


WRECK  OP  THE  DUNBAR  (2nd  S.  viii.  414.  459. ; 
ix.  71.)  —  To  the  articles  on  this  sad  event,  allow 
me  to  furnish  one  or  two  facts,  and  to  correct 
some  errors.  The  Dunbar  was  wrecked,  not  "  at 
the  rocks  entering  Melbourne  Harbour,"  but  near 
the  Gap  to  the  southward  of  the  Heads  of  Port 
Jackson,  and  took  place  in  the  night  of  Aug.  20, 
1857.  The  only  person  saved  out  of  122  was  a 
seaman,  named  James  Johnson,  by  birth  a  Scotch- 
man. He  was  cast  upon  the  shelf  of  a  projecting 
rock,  and  before  the  return  of  a  strong  wave  had 
crept  a  little  higher  into  a  small  cleft  of  compara- 
tive safety.  There  he  slept  for  some  hours.  A 
steamer  passing  up  the  coast  observed  something 
moving,  and  on  arriving  within  the  Heads  reported 
it.  The  cliffs  are  200  feet  deep,  and  nothing 
could  be  seen  from  the  top,  but  a  young  man 
named  Antonio  Wollier,  an  Icelander,  about  nine- 
teen years  of  age,  and  brought  up  to  the  sea, 
offered  to  go  down.  He  was  let  down  by  ropes. 
First  was  hauled  up  Johnson,  and  afterwards  the 
brave  lad  Wollier.  Johnson  was  immediately,  and 
still  is,  employed  in  the  government  harbour's 
boat.  To  mark  the  sense  of  the  public,  100?.  was 
subscribed  for  Wollier,  and  placed  in  my  hands, 
so  that  he  might  receive  it  from  time  to  time  as  he 
needed  it.  But  he  drew  all  the  money  in  a  few 
months,  went  up  to  the  Southern  gold  fields,  has  be- 
come a  prosperous  and  respectable  man,  and  a  few 
weeks  ago  was  married  in  Sydney,  calling  himself 
"  Antonio  Wollier,  Esq."  JOHN  FAIRFAX. 

«  Herald  "  Office,  Sydney, 
Feb.  14,  1860. 

"COMPARISONS  ARE  ODOROUS"  (2nd  S.  ix.  244.) 
—  Shakspeare  has  put  these  words  into  the  mouth 
of  Dogberry  ;  whose  "  mistaking  words,"  however 
ridiculed  by  Ben  Jonson  (see  Induction  to  Bar- 
tholomew Fair),  will  for  ever  remain  "  most  toler- 
able" to  the  lover  of  true  wit,  though  "not  to  be 
endured"  by  the  grammatical  purist.  See  Much 
Ado  about  Nothing,  Act  III.  Sc.  5. :  — 

"Verg.  Yes,  I  thank  God,  I  am  as  honest  as  any  man 
living,  that  is  an  old  man,  and  no  honester  than  I. 

"  Dogb.  Comparisons  are  odorous :  palabras,  neighbour 
Verges," 

ACHE. 


s.  IX.  APRIL  21.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


311 


MAPIA  OR  MARIA  (2nd  S.  ix.  122.)— Unsuccess- 
ful in  finding  any  reason  for  the  change  of  quan- 
tity in  the  word  Maria,  I  am  inclined,  from  the 
great  inconsistency  of  the  early  Christian  Latin 
poets  in  their  quantities  of  proper  names,  to  at- 
tribute it  to  this ;  that  some  poet  having  altered 
it  to  suit  the  convenience  of  his  poetry,  it  became 
generally  adopted.  Similar  instances  are  by  no 
means  uncommon.  The  following  instances  of  the 
variation  of  quantity  in  proper  names  may  be  in- 
teresting to  some  of  your  readers  :  — 

Adam.        Deceptum  miseratus  Adam,  quern  capta  vene- 

nis.    (Viet.) 
Tinxit    et     innocuum    Maculis     sordentibus 

Adam.     (Prud.) 
Abraham.    Abraham  sanctis  merito   sociande  patronis. 

(Sid.) 

—  in  quS,  prole  patrem  mundi  se  credit  Abra- 
ham.   (Prnd.) 

— est  Abrftham  cujus  gnatos  vos  esse  negatis 

(Tertull.  adv.  Marc.  c.  2.) 

Aaron.        Hujus   forma  fait    sceptri  gestamen  Aaron. 
(Prud.  Psych.  884.) 

Legifer  ipsa  jacet  Moses,  Aaronque  sacerdos. 

(Fort.) 

Noe.  Temporibus  constructa  NOe,  qua}  sola  recepit. 

(Aud.) 

—  hie  justi  proavus  Noe,  sub  tempora  cujus. 
(Viet.) 

It  is  found  also  Nog. 
David,  Davidis. — Nam  genitus  puer  est  Davidis  origine 

clara.     (Juvencus.) 

Quis  negat  Abramum  Davidis  esse  patrem  ? 
(N.) 

Abel.  donis  imitentur  Abelem.    (Man.) 

dignissimus  Abel.    (Viet.) 

JSannes  and  Joannes.    (Prud.) 
Jttannes.    (Fort.) 

Cain.          teste  Caino.    (Viet.) 

perfide  Cain.     (Prud.) 

Also  Cain. 
Caiphas.      —At  tristes  C&iphae  deducitur  sedes.    (Sedul.) 

— domus  alta  Caiphae.     (Prud.) 
Joseph  or  JSsephus. 
MOses  (Juv.)  or  Mouses,  or  Mouses.    (Prud.) 

And  many  others  may,  I  dare  say,  be  found. 

J.  CHENEVIX  FROST. 

Is  there  not  a  monkish  rhyme  which  says  — 
"  N*m  meretrix  Helena  sed  sancta  appellatur  Helena," — 
showing  a  parallel  change  of  quantity  ?    Was  it  in 
either  case  intentional,  or  merely  a  corruption  ? 

J.  P.  0. 

ANGLO-SAXON  POEMS  (2nd  S.  ix.  103.)— In  reply 
to  H.  C.  C.  I  beg  to  state  that,  a  few  weeks  ago,  a 
young  literary  correspondent  informed  me  that  on 
the  23rd  Feb.  he  received  a  letter  from  his  friend 
Professor  Stephens  of  Copenhagen,  in  which  the 
latter  says,  — 

I  have  been  hard  at  work  for  some  weeks  writing  a 

icription,  and  notes,  and  translation,   and  word-roll, 

sides  the  text  itself,  of  the  two  leaves  (from  the  9th 

itury)  of  the  Old-English  Epic,   hitherto  unknown, 

which  I  call  KING  WALDKRE  AND  KING  GUDERE.    I 


have  now  gone  to  press.  It  will  be  ready  in  a  few 
weeks,  with  four  photographic  facsimiles.  This  is  a  glo- 
rious invaluable  find,  as  regards  our  splendid  national 
literature." 

So  far  the  Professor,  who,  I  know  not  whether 
it  is  needless  to  observe,  by  "  word-roll,"  means 
what  we  call  a  "glossary,"  and  by  "Old-English" 
"  Anglo-Saxon."  "  His  views,"  my  correspon- 
dent tells  me,  "  on  this  latter  phrase,  he  has  set 
forth  in  a  paper  printed  in  the  Gentleman's  Ma- 
gazine for  April  or  May,  1852,  entitled,  I  think, 
"Anglo-Saxon  or  English!"  WM.  MATTHEWS. 

Cowgill. 

WITTY  CLASSICAL  QUOTATIONS  (2nd  S.  ix.  116. 
247.)  —  Here  are  a  few  contributions  to  your  col- 
lection :  —  Mr.  Pitt,  when  closely  pressed  in  the 
House  of  Commons  by  Mr.  Fox,  to  avow  what 
was  the  precise  object  of  the  cabinet  ministers  in 
the  war  against  France,  and  particularly  if  it  had 
an  immediate  reference  to  the  restoration  of  the 
Bourbon  family  to  the  throne  of  their  ancestors, 
replied  in  the  words  of  2Eneas  :  — 

"  Me  si  fata  meis  paterentur  ducere  vitam 
Auspiciis,  et  sponte  mea  componere  curas ; 
Urbem  Trojanam  primum  dulcesque  meorum 
Reliquias  colerem ;  Priami  tecta  alta  manerent, 
Et  recidiva  manu  posuissem  Pergama  victis." 

Virg.  JEn.  4. 

Vaugelas,  the  translator  of  Quintus  Curtius  into 
French,  employed  so  much  time  on  the  work,  that 
the  French  language  changed  whilst  he  was  pub- 
lishing one  part,  obliging  him  to  alter  all  the 
rest.  His  friends  applied  to  him  the  epigram  of 
Martial :  — 

"  Eutrapelus  tonsor  dum  circuit  ora  Luperci, 
Expingitque  genas,  altera  lingua  sub  est." 

It  was  said  of  a  barber  shaving,  as  Virgil  said  of 
a  flying  dove  :  — 

"  Radit  iter  liquidum." 

The  old  epitaph  to  the  favourite  cat  is  well 
known :  — 

"  Meat  inter  omnes." 

Tom  Warton  prefixed  the  following  from  Ovid's 
Epistle  of  Hypermnestra  to  Lynceus  to  his  Com- 
panion  to  the  Guide,  and  Guide  to  the  Companion  : — 
"  Tu  mini  dux  comiti ;  tu  comes  ipsa  duci." 

Louis  Racine  applied  these  lines  of  Tibullus  to 
his  crucifix  :  — 

"  Te  spectem,  suprema  mihi  cum  venerit  bora, 
Te  teneam  moriens  deficiente  manu." 

J.  L.  S. 

THE  SINEWS  OF  WAR  (2nd  S.  ix.  103.  228.)  — 
The  saying  that  money  is  the  sinews  of  war  seems 
to  have  its  origin  in  a  Greek  dictum  that  "  money 
is  the  sinews  of  business,"  T&  xP^/J-aTa  vfvpa  ™v 
•jrpayfjMTuv.  Plutarch,  Cleomen.  c.  27.,  cites  this  say- 
ing, and  remarks  that  its  author  had  the  business 
of  war  principally  in  mind.  L. 


312 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


*  S.  IX  APRIL  21.  '60. 


RAXLANDS  :  MISTAKES  IN  READING  OLD  DOCU- 
MENTS (2nd  S.  ix.  244.) — Your  correspondent's 
ingenuity  in  "wrestling"  with  the  difficulty  of 
giving  a  meaning  to  raxlinds  is  worthy  of  all 
praise,  but  it  only  adds  another  to  the  ten  thou- 
sand instances  of  how  such  difficulties  arise  from 
want  of  familiarity  with  the  characters  formerly 
used  in  written  documents.  To  one  familiar  with 
them,  the  characters  interpreted  raxlinds  would 
doubtless  convey  the  meaning  of  captives,  which 
explains,  itself.  It  is  worth  knowing,  and  may 
save  some  trouble  to  tyros  in  palaeography,  that 
many  of  the  characters  in  use  a  century  or  two 
back  are  identical  with  those  used  in  modern 
German  handwriting,  especially  c,  p,  r,  t,  s.  The 
old  e  somewhat  resembles  the  modern  English  e 
turned  backwards  way,  and  so  might  easily  be  mis- 
taken for  d  in  writing.  A  curious  instance  of 
mistake  from  the  cause  alluded  to  happened  not 
long  ago  to  myself.  A  medical  friend  consulted 
me  as  to  the  meaning  of  the  word  nuctors,  which 
occurred  in  a  printed  medical  work,  in  a  quota- 
tion from  a  MS.  of  Dr.  Willoughby.  We  started 
several  brilliant  conjectures  about  it,  all  equally 
near  the  truth,  which,  on  consulting  the  MS.  it- 
self, turned  out  to  be  not  any  "terrors  of  the 
night,"  but  simply  auctors,  i.  e.  authors.  I  enclose 
tracings  from  parish  documents  of  the  year  1641 
for  the  satisfaction  of  your  Querist,  which  he  may 
have  on  application.  J.  EASTWOOD. 

SPLINTER-BAR  (2nd  S.  ix.  177.)  — The  old  form 
of  the  word  pointed  out  by  JATDEE,  spintree-bar, 
leaves  little  doubt  as  to  the  true  construction. 
The  splinter-bar  is  the  part  of  the  carriage  to 
which  the  traces  are  fastened.  Now  the  term  for 
fastening  draught  Cattle  to  the  carriage  is  in  Ger- 
man spannen,  Sw.  spanna,  and  in  Old  English 
spang.  Atteler,  to  spang,  yoke,  or  fasten  a  horse, 
ox,  &c.  to  a  plough  or  chariot  (Cotgrave).  The 
spintree,  then,  is  the  tree  or  bar  to  which  the 
draught  cattle  are  spanned.  The  word  is  extant 
in  Danish  under  the  form  speendetrce,  which  is 
applied  in  some  parts  to  a  weaver's  stick,  and  in 
others  to  a  pair  of  rafters.  H.  WEDGWOOD. 

CARNIVAL  (2nd  S.  ix.  197.)  —  There  is  no  evi- 
dence that  St.  Ambrose  made  any  alteration  in 
the  term  of  Lent :  he  speaks  of  it  as  already  esta- 
blished, and  assigns  as  a  reason  for  its  consisting 
of  forty-two  days,  that  such  was  the  number  of 
stations  of  the  Israelites  in  passing  from  Egypt  to 
the  promised  land  [Numb,  xxxiii.  1 — 49.]  (Serm. 
xxxii.,  Ambr.  Op.  v.  22.  B).  He  excepts,  how- 
ever, Sundays  and  Saturdays  (Serm.  xxvi.  Op.  v. 
17.  C).  Such  was  the  practice  at  Milan  at  the 
end  of  the  fourth  century.  The  practice  at  Rome 
at  the  end  of  the  sixth  century  is  described  by 
Gregory  the  Great,  also,  as  consisting  of  forty- 
two  days,  but  from  which  six  Sundays  were  de- 
ducted, leaving  not  more  than  thirty-six  days  of 


fasting  (Homil.  in  Evang.  i.  16.).  It  was  only  in 
the  papacy  of  Gregory  II.  (who  died  A.D.  731) 
that  four  days  were  added  to  the  thirty-six,  by 
commencing  the  fast  on  Ash- Wednesday  (Gue- 
ricke,  Antiq.  Ch.  Ch.,  s.  24.).  In  the  early  ages 
of  the  Christian  Church  there  was  much  variance 
as  to  the  time  and  manner  of  keeping  Lent  (Sozom. 
vii.  c.  19.).  (See  Bingham,  1.  xxi.  c.  1.)  On  the 
whole,  the  practice  at  Milan  |s  of  far  greater  anti- 
quity than  that  of  Rome.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 
Lichfield. 

It  is  not  right  to  say  that  the  "privilege  "  re- 
ferred to  by  VEBNA  was  "  granted  to  them  (the 
Milanese)  by  St.  Ambrose." 

The  fact  is  thus.  Anciently  there  were  but 
thirty-six  fasting  days  in  Lent.  Gregory  the 
Great  ordained  that  the  season  of  Lent  should  be 
lengthened  by  four  days,  in  order  to  make  up  the 
full  Quadragesima  of  fasting  days.  In  conse- 
quence of  that  ordinance  the  beginning  of  Lent 
was  thrown  back  four  days,  the  first  of  which,  the 
Dies  Cinerum,  was  to  be  observed  with  peculiar 
solemnity.  The  Milanese,  staunch  to  their  pro- 
fession of  "noi  Ambrogiani,"  have  not  accepted 
the  Gregorian  prolongation  of  the  season  of  Lent. 
It  was  generally  accepted  throughout  the  rest  of 
Western  Christendom  at  the  commencement  of 
the  thirteenth  century.  W.  C. 

A  JEW  JESUIT  (2nd  S.  ix.  79.)  —  The  Rev. 
Philip  Skelton,  in  the  curious  (if  authentic)  anec- 
dote nere  given  from  his  Senilia,  asks,  "  Had  this 
man  ever  been  a  Christian  ?"  My  answer  would 
be,  Probably  not.  I  would  suggest,  moreover, 
that  he  might  not  be  so  ignorant  of  the  circum- 
stances of  his  birth  as  he  professed  to  be,  and  that 
he  deferred  an  open  avowal  of  his  real  principles 
until  his  dying  hour  "  for  fear,  or  other  base  mo- 
tives." I  arrive  at  these  conclusions  on  the  au- 
thority of  statements  contained  in  Leslie's  Short 
and  Easy  Method  with  the  Jews,  confirmed  as  they 
to  a  certain  extent  are,  if  my  memory  does  not 
deceive  me,  by  Mr.  Borrow  in  his  Bible  in  Spain. 
Leslie  asserts  (after  Limborch,  Collat.  p.  102.) 
that  "  multitudes  of  the  Jews  have,  to  avoid  per- 
secution, embraced  the  Popish  idolatry  in  divers 
countries,"  especially  in  Spain  and  Portugal,  and 
that  "many  of  their  clergy,  — Friars,  Augustines, 
Franciscans,  Jesuits,  Dominicans,  —  bishops,  and 
even  the  inquisitors  themselves,  are  Jews  in  their 
hearts,  and  dissemble  Christianity  for  the  avoiding 
of  persecution,  and  to  gain  honours  and  prefer- 
ments." (Sect.  vii.  §  6.)  WM.  MATTHEWS. 

Cowgill. 

DoNNYBROOK,    NEAR  DUBLIN    (2nd  S.  Vlii.  119.  J 

ix.  171.) — Donnachy,  or  Donochie,  is  Gaelic  for 
Duncan;  meaning,  neither  more  nor  less  than 
brown.  Donat  is  still  used  as  a  proper  name.  I 
had  a  servant,  so  called,  when  residing  at  one 
time  on  the  Continent.  J.  P.  0. 


2"<i  S.  IX.  APRIL  21.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


313 


"CASE  FOR  THE    SPECTACLES"  (2nd  S.  ix.  13.) 

—  I  would  refer  LYBIA  to  an  edition  of 

"  Lynde's  VIA  TUTA,  with  Notes,  Quotations,  and  Re- 
ferences ;  with  some  Additional  Matter  from  the  Case  for 
the  Spectacles,  and  the  Stricture  in  Lyndo-Mastigem  of 
Dr.  Featly,  by  the  late  Rev.  George  Ingram,  Rector  of 
Chedburgh,  Suffolk.  London,  Leslie,  8vo.  1848." , 

A  brief  memoir  of  the  learned  knight  is  prefixed 
by  the  editor,  from  which  I  extract  the  follow- 
ing :  — 

"  Our  author's'first  work  appears  to  have  been  Ancient 
Characters  of  the  Visible '  Church,  published  in  London, 
1625.  But  his  most  celebrated  and  valuable  works  are 
his  Via  Tuta  and  Via  Devia,  both  of  which  passed 
through  several  editions,  and  were  translated  into  vari- 
ous languages.  Their  author,  as  might  be  expected, 
met  with  the  most  violent  attacks  from  the  Roman 
party,  but  his  deep  learning  and  exalted  piety  placed 
him*  far  beyond  the  reach  of  personal  abuse,  while  his 
works  were  too  strong  in  fact,  and  too  conclusive  in  ar- 
gument, to  be  shaken  by  the  attempts  made  by  the  Po- 
pish writers.  One  of  his  chief  opponents  was  Robert 
Jenison  *,  a  Jesuit,  who  wrote  a  book  entitled  A  Pair  of 
Spectacles  for  Sir  H.  Lynde  to  see  his  Way  withall,"  fyc. 

Lynde  replied  to  him  in  what  he  called  A  Case 
for  the  Spectacles,  or  a  Defence  of  the  Via  Tuta. 
This  was  refused  to  be  licensed  by  the  chaplain  to 
the  archbishop,  but  was  after  the  author's  death 
licensed  by  Dr.  Weeks,  chaplain  to  the  Bishop  of 
London,  and  published  in  the  year  1638  by  Dr.  D. 
Featley,  together  with  a  treatise  of  his  own,  enti- 
tled 

"  Stricturte  in  Lyndo-Mastigem,  by  the  Way  of  Sup- 
plement to  the  Knight's  Answer  when  he  left  off,  pre- 
vented by  Death." 

And  a  sermon  preached  at  his  funeral  at  Cobham, 
June  14th,  1636.  G.  W.  W.  INGRAM. 

Gibraltar. 

WRIGHT  OF  PLOWLAND  (2nd  S.  ix.  174.) — In  an 
old  pedigree  of  the  Thorntons  of  East  Newton,  in 
the  East  Riding  of  York  (to  which  family  belonged 
the  collector  of  The  Thornton  Romances,  edited 
by  Mr.  Halliwell  for  the  Camden  Society),  I  find 
that  Anne,  daughter  of  Robert  Thornton  of  East 
Newton,  Esq.  (by  Margery,  daughter  of  George 
Thwenge  of  Helmsley-on-the-Hill,  Esq.)  was  mar- 
ried to  William  (or,  according  to  another  account, 
to  Robert)  Wright  of  Ploweland,  Gent.  In  the  se- 
cond pedigree,  Anne  is  said  to  have  died  in  1581  ; 
while  to  Robert  Wright  is  assigned  the  date  1569 

—  whether  that  of  his  marriage,  or  his  death,  does 
not  appear.     Their  issue  is  stated  to  have  been, 
Robert   Wright,    1592;    John;  William,     1604; 
Francis,  and  Nicolas.     I  am  anxious  to  know  what 
was  the  relationship  existing  between  these  per- 

*  Robertus  Jeniaonus,  natione  Anglus,  patriS,  Dunel- 
mensis,  natos  anno  MDXC.,  in  societatem  xxvii.  setatis 
ingressus;  Scripsit  Anglice  Ocularia;  justumvolumende 
variia  fidei  capitibus  controversis,  contra  "  Viam  Tutam  " 
Hnmfredi  Lyndi.  Rhotomagi,  MDCXXXI.  in  Octavo.  — 
Bibliotheca  Scriptorum  Ribadeneirce,  p.  412. 


sons  and  the  "  John  and  Christopher  Wright  of 
Plowland  in  Holderness,"  mentioned  at  p.  174.  as 
conspirators  in  the  Gunpowder  Plot.  And  where 
may  I  learn  farther  particulars  respecting  these 
two,  and  the  family  to  which  they  belonged  ?  In 
the  first  of  the  pedigrees  above  referred  to,  the  arms 
assigned  to  William  Wright  are  —  arg.,  a  fess 
chequy,  or  and  az.,  between  three  eagles'  heads 
erased,  sa.  Quartering:  az.  three  crescents,  or. 
To  what  family  does  the  latter  coat  appertain  ? 
and  through  what  match  did  it  come  to  be  quar- 
tered by  the  Wrights  ?  ACHE. 

HOLDING  UP  THE  HAND  (2nd  S.  ix.  72.) — Your 
respected  correspondent  at  Stoke  Newington  ap- 
pears to  have  confounded  two  things  which  are 
perfectly  distinct  in  what  was  for  many  years  his 
adopted  country.  In  the  United  States  any 
person  who  declares  that  he  has  conscientious 
objections  to  taking  an  oath  can  affirm  instead  of 
swearing.  The  commencement  and  conclusion 
of  an  affirmation  are,  "  You  do  solemnly,  sin- 
cerely, and  truly  declare  and  affirm  that 

and  so  you  affirm,"  and  the  affirmant  either  bows 
or  says,  "  I  do."  I  never  saw  a  person  making  an 
affirmation  hold  up  his  hand.  Those  who  swear 
either  do  so  upon  the  Bible  or  "  by  the  uplifted 
hand  " ;  and  in  the  latter  case  the  form  is,  "  You 
do  swear  by  Almighty  God,  the  Searcher  of  all 
hearts,  that  ....  and  this  as  you  shall  answer  to 
God  at  the  great  day." 

Most  of  the  members  of  Congress  from  the  New 
England  States,  being  descended  from  the  Eng- 
lish Independents,  swear  by  the  uplifted  hand.  In 
this  State  the  practice  is  confined  to  the  Scotch 
and  Irish  Covenanters  and  Presbyterians  and  their 
descendants.  UNEDA. 

Philadelphia. 

DILETTANTI  SOCIETY  (2nd  S.  Ix.  64. 125.  201.)— 
Where  can  I  see  the  proceedings  of  this  Society 
from  its  commencement  ?  I  have  among  my 
MSS.  three  volumes  (written  in  a  large  and  bold 
hand,  and  not  unlike  the  autograph  of  THE  Lord 
Chesterfield),  of  remarks  on  the  pictures  and 
sculptures  of  Rome  and  Florence,  and  other  places 
in  Italy,  in  1730,  1,  and  2,  written  by  a  person 
evidently  of  some  standing  in  society,  and  well 
acquainted  with  his  subject.  Every  statue  the 
writer  describes  most  carefully  as  to  height  and 
size,  as  well  of  the  body  as  of  the  limbs  and  joints. 
The  writing,  as  I  before  observed,  is  not  unlike 
that  of  Lord  Chesterfield;  but  on  comparing  dates, 
I  find  one  on  which  day  the  author  mentions  his 
entering  Rome  to  be  the  same  on  which  Lord 
Chesterfield  made  a  speech  in  the  House  of  Lords ! 
It  has  been  suggested  that  the  remarks  are  by  a  per- 
son afterwards  a  member  of  the  Dilettanti  Society  ; 
and  I  wish  to  obtain  access  to  the  proceedings 
to  ascertain  this — possibly  there  may  be  some  re- 
ference to  my  MS.  in  the  proceedings.  R*  C. 


314 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  APRIL  21. 


THE  TOURMALINE  CRYSTAL  (2nd  S.  ix.  241.)  — 
I  was  at  the  period  to  which  CLAMMILD'S  Note 
refers,  about  thirty-five  years  ago,  a  resident  at 
Devonport,  and  mineralogy  was  at  that  time  my 
hobby.  Hearing  of  a  discovery  of  Tourmaline  at 
Bovey  (a  village  between  Ashburton  and  Chud- 
leigh),  I  hastened  to  the  spot.  It  was  late  at 
night  when  I  arrived,  but  I  at  once  went  to  Far- 
mer Ellis  ;  and  before  I  left  him  I  bargained  for 
and  brought  away  with  me  some  magnificent 
crystals, — one  was  of  the  size  of  my  wrist.  Profes- 
sional business  compelled  me  to  leave  Bovey  for 
my  home  very  early  the  next  morning,  and  I  was 
in  consequence  prevented  from  seeing  the  "wall" 
which  had- been  built  of  masses  of  the  crystals, 
and  I  learnt  very  soon  afterwards  that  the  whole 
had  disappeared  (dealers  and  mineralogists  having 
quickly  availed  themselves  of  the  discovery),  and 
I  believe  no  other  crystals  have  been  since  found. 
On  leaving  Devonshire  for  London,  thirty  years 
ago,  I  parted  with  my  collection,  which  I  assure 
you  I  have  ever  since  regretted.  The  crystals 
were  black  as  jet ;  there  are  some  of  them  in  the 
British  Museum.  R.  C. 

HYMNS  (2nd  S.  ix.  234.)  —  The  tune  called  Oli- 
vers* was  composed  by  Thomas  Olivers  some 
time  between  the  years  1762-1770,  and  first  ap- 
peared in  Wesley's  Sacred  Harmony  about  1770. 

T.  Olivers  also  composed  an  hymn  on  the  "  Last 
Judgment"  before  the  year  1759  to  the  same 
tune,  commencing  "  Come  immortal  King  of 
Glory,"  of  twenty  verses,  printed  at  Leeds  (no 
date),  pp.  8.  Some  years  later  he  enlarged  this 
hymn  to  thirty-six  verses,  with  Scripture  proofs 
in  the  margin.  Both  these  tracts  are  before  the 
writer ;  the  first  edition  is  of  extreme  rarity. 

Mr.  Olivers  is  author  of  four  hymns — an  "  Elegy 
on  John  Wesley,"  and  the  tune  to  the  Judgment 
Hymn.  For  authority  of  the  tune  being  Olivers, 
see  Creamer's  Methodist  Hymnology,  New  York, 
1848,  p.  77.,  and  Stevens's  History  of  Methodism, 
New  York,  1859,  p.  48.  DANIEL  SEDGWICK. 

Sun  Street,  City. 

DEVOTIONAL  POEMS  (2nd  S.  ix.  223.) — I  have 
an  impression  that  I  have  somewhere  seen  these 
Devotional  Poems,  1699,  about  which  MR.  SEDG- 
WICK inquires,  attributed  to  Lancelot  Addison, 
father  of  the  Secretary.  G.  M.  G. 

"Byo"  (2nd  S.  ix.  261.)  — In  Derbyshire  this 
word  is  very  common,  and  means  proud,  to  make 
much  of.  "  He  will  be  bug  with  it,"  means  he 
will  be  proud  of  it,  will  think  highly  of  it.  In 
Derbyshire  phraseology,  "  Hey  is  a  bit  bug  out," 
or,  "  Ow  (she)  nedna  be  so  bug,"  are  very  com- 
mon forms  of  expression.  LLEWELLYN  JEWITT. 

Derby. 


*  It  has  been  said  that  Olivers  composed  it  from  an 
old  hornpipe.  , 


EUDODE  RYE  (2nd  S.  ix.  181.  205.)— CHELSEGA 
will  find  in  Dugdale's  Baronage,  under  the  head 
"Hie,"  vol.  i.  p.  109.,  an  account  of  Eudo's 
family.  As  to  the  particular  Query  respecting 
the  issue  of  his  marriage  with  Rohasia,  I  extract 
the  following :  — 

"  It  is  further  memorable  of  this  Eudo,  that  he  built 
the  Castle  at  Colchester;  also,  that  lying  on  his  death 
bed  at  the  Castle  of  Preaux  in  Normandy,  he  disposed  of 
all  his  temporal  estate  according  to  the  exhortation  of 
King  Henry,  who  there  visited  him ;  and  bequeathing 
his  body  to  be  buried  in  this  his  Abbey  at  Colchester, 
then  gave  thereunto  his  lordship  of  Brightlingsie,  and  a 
hundred  pounds  in  money ;  likewise  his  gold  ring  with  a 
topaz ;  a  standing  cup  with  cover,  adorned  with  plates 
of  gold ;  together  with  his  horse  and  mule.  And  there 
departed  this  life ;  leaving  issue  one  sole  daughter  and 
heir  called  Margaret,  the  wife  of  William  de  Mande- 
ville,  by  whom  she  had  issue  Geoffrey  Mandeville,  Earl 
of  Essex,  and  Steward  of  Normandy  through  her  right." 
—P.  110. 

Rohasia,  however,  by  her  former  marriage  witli 
Richard  Strongbow,  son  of  Earl  Gilbert,  had  issue 
two  sons,  as  may  be  seen  in  the  Monasticon  (vol.  i. 
p.  724.,  orig.  ed.),  in  the  account  of  the  foundation 
of  Tintern  Abbey. 

.A  copious  account,  also,  of  Eudo,  as  connected 
with  the  foundation  of  the  Abbey  of  Colchester, 
may  be  seen  in  the  Monasticon,  vol.  ii.  p.  890.  et 
seq.,  orig.  ed.  Your  second  correspondent,  MR. 
DYKES,  makes  a  great  oversight  in  referring  to 
the  "  curious  "  account  in  the  Monasticon  of  the 
foundation  of  the  hospital  at  Colchester  and  the 
laying  of  the  three  first  stones.  It  was  not  the 
hospital,  but  the  monastery  of  St.  John  Baptist, 
whose  foundation  is  thus  described.  It  was,  after 
some  difficulty,  occupied  by  a  colony  of  thirteen 
monks  from  the  Benedictine  Abbey  of  York,  and 
in  process  of  time  became  one  of  the  principal 
monasteries  of  the  kingdom,  the  abbot  having  a 
seat  in  Parliament.  As  to  the  hospital  for  lepers, 
Dugdale  nowhere  mentions  it ;  which,  I  think, 
he  certainly  would  have  done,  had  Eudo  founded 
it.  What  authority  has  your  correspondent 
CHELSEGA  for  attributing  its  foundation  to  Eudo? 

JOHN  WILLIAM 

Arno's  Court. 


: 


ROBERT  SEAGRAVE  (2nd  S.  ix.  250.)  —  The  titl 
and  dates  of  the  four  editions  of  the  Hymn  Boo 
partly  composed  by  the  author  of  "  Rise  my  soul, 
and  stretch  thy  wings,"  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  Hymns  for  Christian  Worship,  partly  composed,  and 
partly  collected  from  various  Authors."  By  Robert  Sea- 
grave.  London,  printed  in  the  year  MDCCXLII.  8vo.  First 
Edition,  pp.  82. 

2nd  Edition.     London,  1742,  pp.  90. 

3rd  Edition.     London,  1744,  pp.  112. 

4th  Edition.     London,  1748,  pp.  156. 

As  Mr.  Seagrave's  Hymns  will  shortly  be  pub- 
lished, the  list  of  his  other  pieces  will  then  be 
given.  DANIEL  SEDGWICK. 

Suu  Street,  City. 


2"d  s.  IX.  APRIL  21.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


315 


JAMIESON'S  SCOTTISH  DICTIONARY  (2nd  S.  ix. 
225.)— The  Editor  is  no  doubt  aware  of  the  fact, 
though  not  coming  within  the  scope  of  his  Note 
to  mention  it  —  that  the  Scottish  Dictionary  was 
first  published  by  Dr.  Jamieson  in  1808,  2  vols. 
4to.,  dedicated  to  His  Royal  Highness  George 
Prince  of  Wales,  and  under  the  auspices  of  a  large 
influential  list  of  subscribers  prefixed  to  it.  At 
the  end  of  vol.  ii.  a  Supplement  of  "  Additions  and 
Corrections  "  is  also  given.  I  believe  it  requires 
the  two  volumes  of  the  Supplement  subsequently 
printed  to  bring  up  this  original  edition  to  the 
full  mark. 

The  eminent  lexicographer,  besides  being  an 
indefatigable  collector  of  our  words  and  phrases, 
was  a  keenjisher.  An  excellent  trouting  loch  of  a 
friend  of  mine,  situated  in  a  wild  muir  about  nine 
miles  south  of  Glasgow,  afforded  to  the  worthy 
Doctor  a  day's  sport  when  he  pleased.  On  one 
occasion,  while  ardently  engaged  at  his  piscatorial 
amusement,  a  number  of  curlews  continually 
flew  about  his  head,  sufficient  to  have  disturbed 
any  ordinary  composure,  but  only  eliciting  from 
him  the  kindly  expression,  "  I  wad'na  gie  the 
wheeple  o'  the  whaup  for  a'  the  nichtingales  in 
Ingland."  (See  "  Whaup,"  Diet.  s.  v.)  G.  N. 

DINNER  ETIQUETTE  (2nd  S.  ix.81. 130. 170.275.) 
— I  was  once  told  by  a  gentleman  who  had  been 
quartered  in  Ireland  during  the  rebellion,  that  at 
that  time  the  ladies  there  used  to  sit  on  one  side 
of  the  table,  and  the  gentlemen  on  the  other.  I 
used  to  wonder  at  seeing  the  same  thing  often  in 
country  houses  at  breakfast,  when  people  sit  as 
they  like  more  than  they  can  do  at  dinner,  till 
some  one  explained  to  me  that  all  ladies  wished  to 
sit  with  their  backs  to  the  light  in  the  morning, 
lest  their  complexions  should  not  stand  day-light, 

J.  P.  O. 

A  lady,  who  died  in  1840,  and  whose  eldest 
daughter  was  born  in  1798,  told  me,  that  when 
she  first  saw  a  lady  hook  herself  to  the  arm  of  a 
gentleman  in  a  ball-room,  instead  of  being  led 
out  by  the  hand,  she  felt  so  indignant  that  she 
remarked  to  a  friend  :  "  If  my  daughter  were  in- 
troduced, and  did  that,  I  should  take  her  home 
immediately."  F. 

PIGTAILS  AND  POWDER  (2nd  S.  ix.  163.  205.)  — 
Though  born  in  the  nineteenth  century,  I  can  re- 
member the  2nd  Life  Guards  wearing  long  pig- 
tails. My  father,  an  Admiral,  wore  powder  and 
pigtail  for  many  years  within  my  memory,  as  did 
Lord  Keith  many  years  after  my  father's  was 
docked.  The  last  tail  I  recollect  to  have  seen  in 
society  was  that  of  Lord  Kenyon.  J.  P.  O. 

AN  OLD  SOLDIER  I  consider  is  incorrect  as  to 
the  time  when  the  military  were  denuded  of  those 
preposterous  appendages.  Certainly  as  late  as 
the  band  of  the  1st,  or  Royals,  then  com- 
manded by  Her  Majesty's  father,  the  late  Duke  of 


Kent,  were  so  disfigured.  They  were  stationed 
at  Kensington  in  the  barracks  opposite  the  palace, 
since  pulled  down.  The  men  were  not  only 
decked  out  with  huge  pigtails  in  tin  cases  var- 
nished black,  but  all  the  back  part  of  the  head 
was  plastered  with  some  combination  of  flour  and 
grease,  and  most  unsightly  and  uncomfortable  the 
wearers  looked. 

I  apprehend  we  are  indebted  to  the  musical 
taste  of  the  Duke  of  Kent  for  setting  the  example 
for  improving  military  bands:  for  this  one  be- 
longing to  the  Royals  was  of  a  very  superior  class 
to  the  general  character  of  military  bands  of  the 
time,  so  far  as  correct  performance  of  good  music 
was  concerned.  I  know  that  my  early  acquaint- 
ance with  the  compositions  of  Mozart,  and  other 
celebrities,  at  that  period  almost  unknown  to 
English  ears,  was  due  to  the  masterly  execution  of 
that  band,  and  the  civilities  of  the  Band-master,  a 
German,  whose  name  has  escaped  my  recollection, 
who  permitted  me  to  be  present  at  their  practice. 

R.  H. 

PAUL  HIFFERNAN  (2nd  S.  iv.  190.) — The  speci- 
men of  "  pure  classical  fustian"  is  taken,  with  a 
slight  variation,  from  the  Juan,  London,  1754, 
8vo.,  pp.  64.  The  new  tragedy,  Philoclea,  is  ridi- 
culed and  parodied,  in  what  are  said  to  be  quota- 
tions from  a  MS.  tragedy  written  by  a  university 
lad  in  imitation  of  Nat.  Lee.  The  lines  there 
are:  — 

"  Inhuman  monster — shackled  though  I  be, 
I'll  burst  those  chains,  and  rise  up  to  the  spheres, 
Snatch  gleaming  bolts  from  Jove's  red  thundering  hand, 
And  down  to  Hell  as  with  hard  snowballs  pelt  thee." 
A  notice  of  Philoclea  is  in  the  Biographia  Dra- 
matica.     The  Juan  is  a  well-written  pamphlet  on 
matters  now  obsolete.    On  the  title-page  is  a  very 
spirited  vignette  by  R.  S.  MUller.     Is  the  author 
known  ?     The  style  is  above  Hiffernan's. 

The  other  specimen  is  so  much  in  the  style  of 
Hiffernan's  "  Farewell  ye  cauliflowers,"  &c.,  that 
it  might  pass  for  his ;  but,  from  the  quotation 
below,  it  seems  to  be  a  translation.  W.  D. 

•  "Mr  EYE  AND  BETTY  MARTIN "  (2nd  S. ix.  73., 
&c.)  —  If  MR.  PISHEY  THOMPSON  had  been  aware 
of  the  authorised  version  of  the  origin  of  the 
above  phrase,  as  given  by  the  omniscient  Joseph 
Miller,  both  IGNORAMUS'  criticism  and  his  own 
somewhat  touchy  reply  would  have  been  uncalled 
for.  The  story  is  this  :  — 

An  English  sailor  going  into  a  foreign  church 
heard  a  person  offering  up  a  prayer  to  St.  Martin, 
beginning  "  O  Mihi,  beate  Martine  ades,"  or  "  sis 
propitius,"  or  something  of  that  kind.  Jack,  on 
giving  an  account  of  what  he  had  heard,  said  that 
he  could  not  make  much  of  it,  but  it  seemed  to 
him  to  be  "  All  my  eye  and  Betty  Martin."  Hence, 
the  phrase  as  applied  (and  shall  I  say  exemplified 
in  the  case  before  us  ?)  where  a  great  fuss  is  made 
about  very  little.  J.  EASTWOOD. 


316 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«dS.  IX.  APRIL  21.  '60. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

Ceylon  :  An  Account  of  the  Island,  Physical,  Historical, 
and  Topographical ;  with  Notices  of  its  Natural  History, 
Antiquities,  and  Productions.  By  Sir  J.  Emerson  Tennent, 
K.C.S.  &c.  Illustrated  by  Maps,  Plans,  and  Drawings. 
Fourth  Edition.  Thoroughly  revised.  2  vols.  8vo.  (Long- 
man &  Co.) 

A  very  cursory  glance  at  these  volumes  suffices  to  ex- 
plain how  it  is  that  in  little  more  than  four  months  from 
the  date  of  their  first  publication,  a  fourth  edition  has 
not  only  been  called  for,  but  as  we  are  assured  has  also 
been  well  nigh  exhausted.  Sir  Emerson  Tennent,  in 
undertaking  to  give  us  a  history  of  Ceylon,  imposed  upon 
himself  a  task  for  which  he  is  peculiarly  fitted.  Having 
occupied  for  some  years  an  important  position  in  the 
island,  he  had  the  best  possible  opportunity  of  making 
himself  acquainted,  by  personal  observation,  with  all  that 
it  contains  most  deserving  of  attention  either  in  its  phy- 
sical aspect  or  social  condition.  But  being  moreover  a  ripe 
and  accomplished  scholar,  he  was  enabled  to  test  and  com- 
plete his  own  observations  and  remarksby  comparing  them 
with  the  best  authorities  extant  upon  the  subject.  But 
he  has  .done  even  more  than  this.  Not  content  with 
references  to  the  best  writers,  ancient  as  well  as  modern, 
who  have  made  Ceylon,  its  history,  antiquities,  or  natural 
products,  the  subject  of  their  labours,  Sir  Emerson  Ten- 
nent has  had  the  advantage  of  submitting  a  great  portion 
of  his  very  interesting  work  to  the  friendly  supervision 
of  men  peculiarly  eminent  in  the  several  branches  of 
literature  or  science  on  which  he  desired  that  his  views 
should  be  confirmed  by  higher  authority.  It  is  scarcely, 
therefore,  to  be  wondered  at,  if  our  author  has  completely 
exhausted  his  subject,  and  produced  a  work  calculated 
not  only  to  interest  the  ethnologist,  the  naturalist,  and 
the  student  of  antiquities,  but  from  the  novelty  and  va- 
riety of  the  subjects  discussed  in  it,  and  from  the  agree- 
able style  in  which  they  are  treated,  to  make  the  book 
a  favourite  with  the  general  reader,  and  secure  it  a 
permanent  place  in  the  literature  of  the  country.  We 
ought  to  add  that  the  work  is  profusely  illustrated  with 
woodcuts  and  maps ;  is  enriched  with  a  capital  Index ; 
and  that  the  author  is  scrupulously  careful  in  giving  his 
authorities. 

Letters  of  George  Lord  Carew  to  Sir  Thomas  Roe,  Am- 
bassador to  the  Court  of  the  Great  Mogul,  1615—1617. 
Edited  by  John  Maclean,  F.S.A.  (Printed  for  the  Camden 
Society.) 

These  curious  news  letters,  for  such  they  may  well  be 
considered,  written  by  Lord  Carew  to  his  friend  Sir 
Thomas  Roe,  reveal  to  us  numerous  facts  and  the  dates 
of  many  events  not  elsewhere  found.  Mrs.  Everett  Green, 
to  whom  historical  students  are  already  so  largely  in- 
debted, having  while  pursuing  her  labours  at  the  State 
Paper  Office  brought  these  letters  together  from  the 
various  incongruous  places  in  which  they  were  deposited, 
directed  Mr.  Maclean's  attention  to  them,  knowing  that 
that  gentleman  was  engaged  in  preparing  a  Memoir  of 
the  writer.  Mr.  Maclean,  upon  perusing  then),  considered 
them  of  sufficient  historical  interest  to  justify  their  pub- 
lication; and  his  offer  to  edit  them  for  The  Camden 
Society  having  been  at  once  accepted  by  the  Council,  the 
present  volume  is  the  result.  Great  credit  is  due  to 
Mr.  Maclean  for  the  pains  he  has  bestowed  upon  its 
editorship,  and  especially  in  identifying  the  numerous 
.parties  alluded  to  by  Lord  Carew  in  his  friendly  gossip ; 
and  we  have  consequently  to  thank  him  for  a  volume 
which  will  hereafter,  we  doubt  not,  be  largely  referred 
to  by  all  who  may  have  occasion  to  treat  upon  the  his- 
torical period  which  it  serves  to  illustrate. 


Anecdote  Biography :  William  Pitt,  Earl  of  Chatham, 
and  Edmund  Burke.  By  John  Timbs,  F.S.A.  (Bentley.) 

Mr.  Timbs  is  not  the  man  who,  having  hit  upon  a 
good  idea,  would  be  likely  to  spoil  it  in  the  carrying  out. 
His  notion  of  condensing  the  salient  points,  events,  and 
incidents  in  the  lives  of  these  distinguished  men,  and 
presenting  them  by  way  of  anecdote  in  chronological 
order,  is  certainly  a  very  happy  one ;  and  we  have  no 
doubt  that  this  neatly  printed  volume,  which  contains 
the  quintessence  of  the  preceding  Biographies  of  the 
"Great  Commoner"  and  the  "Scientific  Statesman,"  will 
share  the  popularity  which  all  Mr.  Timbs's  compilations 
have  so  deservedly  attained. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  below. 

LOOOAN'S  CANTABRIOIA  ILI.USTRATA.    Collegium  Emmanuelis,   No.  31 . 
MISSALE  AUOUSTKNSE.    1509. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  J.  C,  Jackson,  Chatham  Place  East,  Hackney,  N.E. 


FORSTEH'S  PERENNIAL  CALENDAR.    8vo. 
THORNTON'S  SPORTING  TOUR  IN  FRANCE, 
HILL'S  HERBAL.    Folio. 
AORIPPA'S  OCCULT  PHILOSOPHY. 
POST  OFFICE  DIRECTORY,  1849. 

Wanted  by  T.  Millard,  Bookseller,  Newgate  Street,  City. 


PORSONIANA,  or,  Scraps  from  Person's  Rich  Feast.    8vo.    London,  1811. 

SHORT  ACCOUNT  OF  THE  LATE  RICHARD  PORSON,  by  an  Admirer  of  Great 
Genius.  8vo.  London.  Published  about  same  time.  Both  Pam- 
phlets. 

DR.  ADAM  CLARKE'S  NARRATIVE  OP  THB  LAST  ILLNESS  AND  DEATH  or 
PORSON. 

LETTERS  FROM  BLUNT  TO  SHARP. 

CROESE'S  HISTORIA  QC.-AKBRIANA,  either  in  Latin  or  English. 

GOUGH'S  HISTORY  OF  THE  QUAKERS. 

BESSE'S  HISTORY  OF  THE  SUFFERINGS  OF  THE  QUAKERS. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  J.  S.  Watson,  Grammar  School,  Stockwell. 


COWDEN  CLARKE'S  CONCORDANCE  TO  SHAKSFBARE.    In  good  condition. 
Wanted  by  W.  P.,  Messrs.  Spottiswoode  &  Co.,  New  Street  Square. 


ta 

MR.  HALLIWELL'S  article  on  The  Proposed  Taylor  Society  and  The 
Percy  Library  sJiall  appear  next  week. 

DON  will  .find  in  Ford's  Handbook  of  Spain,  not  only  abundant  infor- 
mation on  the  subject  of  his  inquiries,  but  also  numerous  references  to  other 
sources  of  information. 

IGNORAMUS  has  been  tivice  referred  to  vols.  ii.  andviii.o/owr  1st  Series, 
where  there  is  abundance  of  information  respecting  Ampers  and. 

"  QUEM  DEUS  VULT  PERDERE."  J.  G.  (S.  Julians)  is  referred  to  our 
1st  S.  i.  pp.  147.  351.  421.  426.  for  the  origin  of  this  quotation. 

"  A  fellow  feeling  makes  one  -wondrous  kind." 

J.  L.  F.  will  find  this  line  in  Garrick's  "  Occasional  Prologue.''  vide 
his  Poetical  Works,vol.  ii.  p.  325.  (ed.  1785.) 

T-  T.  S.  is  referred  to  ourlat  S.  ii.  129.  and2ndS.ii.  77.99.  153./or 
etymology  of  Whitsuntide. 

GOSPEL  OAKS  are  fully  treated  of  in  our  1st  S.  vols.  ii.  v.  and  vi.  As 
our  correspondent  himself  does  not  recollect  the  subject  of  the  Query  of 
the  non-insertion  of  which  he  so  grievously  complains,  we  may  fairly 
infer  that  it  was  of  so  trivial  a  nature  as  quite  to  justify  its  omission. 

CRONOS  (Malta)  is  referred  to  our  1st  S.  vol.  ix.  198.  284.  and  vol.  x.  38. 
for  articles  on  Sunday,  its  Commencement  and  End. 

ERRATA.  —  2nd  S.  ix.  p.  289.  col.  i.  1.  29.  for  "  Matthews  "  read  "  Ma- 
thews."  Same  col.  1.  30./or  "  Street "  read  "  Strut." 

"NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  subscription  for  STAMPED  Corns  /or 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  JIalf~ 
yearly  INDBT)  is  lls.  4<f.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  (^MESSRS.  Ban,  AND  DAX.DY.186.  FLEET  STREET,  E.C.i  to  whom 
aH  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  THB  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


S.  IX.  APRIL  21.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


UNITED   KINGDOM 

LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  S.W. 

The  Hon.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  Esq.,  Deputy  Chairman. 

FOURTH  DIVISION  OF  PROFITS. 

I  SPFCIAL  NOTICE.-Parties  desirous  of  participating  in  the  fourth 
iSn  of  profits  to  be  declared  on  all  policies  effected  prior  to  the  31st 
mber  next  year,  should,  in  order  to  enjoy  the  same  make  imme- 
;'t  application.  There  have  already  been  three  divisions  of  prouts, 
nd  the  bonuses  divided  have  averaged  nearly  2  per  cent,  per  annum  on 
he  sums  assured,  or  from  30  to  100  per  cent,  on  the  premiums, paid, 
idthouTimparting  to  the  recipients  the  risk  of  copartnership,  as  is  the 
>ase  in  mutual  societies. 

To  show  more  clearly  what  these  bonuses  amount  to,  three  following 
;ases  are  put  forth  as  examples  : 
sum  I 


Insu 

£5,07)0 

1,000 

'lOO 


ired.        Bonuses  added.        Amount  payable  up  to  Dec.,  1854. 


£1,987  10*. 
397  10s. 
39  10s. 


<6,987  10*. 
1,397  10s. 
139  15s. 


Notwithstanding  these  large  additions,  the  premiums  are  on  the 
owest  «ca\e compatible  with  security  for  the  payment  of  the  policy  when 
leath  arises:  in  addition  to  which  advantages,  one  half  of  the  annual 
Premiums may,  if  desired,  for  the  term  of  five  years,  remain  unpaid  at 
Sir  cent  interest,  the  other  half  being  advanced  by  the  company  with- 
)ut  security  or  deposit  of  the  policy. 

The  Assets  of  the  Company  at  the  31st  December,  1858,  amounted 
to4662,6i&  3s.  10(7.,  all,  of  which  has  been  invested  in  Government  and 
)ther  approved  securities. 

No  charge  for  Volunteer  Military  Corps  whilst  serving  in  the  United 
Kingdom. 

Policy  Stamps  paid  by  the  Office. 

Immediate  application  should  be  made  to  the  Resident  Director,  8. 

P.  MACINTYRE,  Secretary. 

IESTERN    LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 

ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON, S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1848. 


Immediate  application  should  be  m 
dCr' 


W 


Directors. 


E.  Lucas,  Esa- 
F.B.  Marson.Esq. 
A.  Robinson,  Esq. 


J.L.Seager.Esq. 
J  .B. 


^White.Esq. 


H.  E.  Bicknell.Esq. 
P.  S.  Cocks,  Esq. 
».  H.  Drew,  Esq.  M.A 
W.  Freeman,  Esq. 
F.  Fuller, Esq. 
J.H.Goodhart.Eia. 

Physician.-  W.  R.  Basham,  M.D. 
Bankers.- Messrs.  Cocks,  Biddulph.andCo. 

Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  this  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  paying  a  Premium,  as  permission  is  given  upon 
application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  the  con- 
ditions detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

LOANS  from  100?.  to  500Z.  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 
Security. 

Attention  is  also  invited  to  the  rates  of  annuity  granted  to  old  lives, 
for  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 

Examples  100Z.  cash  paid  down  purchases— An  annuity  of— 
£  s.  d. 


10   4    0  to  a  male  life  aged  60 


12    3     1 
14  16    3 

18  11  10 


60  (.Payable  as  long 
70  f  as  he  is  alive. 
75J 


on 


Now  ready,  10th  Edition,  price  7s.  6d.,of 

MR.     SCRATCHLEY'S     MANUAL, 

I  HTLXDLY  SOCIETIES,  with  RULES,  TABLES,  and  an  EXPO- 

>.NT  of  the  TRUE  LAW  OF  SICKNESS. 
SH  AW  &  SONS,  Fetter  Lane  ;  and  LAYTONS,  150.  Fleet  Street,  E.G. 


CARTRIDGE  &  COZENS   is  the   CHEAPEST 

L     HOUSE  in  the  Trade  for  PAPER  and  ENVELOPES,  &c.    Useful 

Cream-laid  Note.  5  Quires  for  6d.  Super  Thick  ditto.  5  Quires  for  Is. 

Super  Cream-laid  Envelopes,  6rf.  per  100.     Sermon  Paper,  4s.,  Straw 

'>fZ.,  Foolscap,  6».  6d.  per  Ream.    Manuscript  Paper,  3d.  per 

Quire.    India  Note,  5  Quires  for  Is.  Black  bordered  Note,  5  Quires  for 

Books  (copies  set),  is.  8d.  per  dozen.   P.  &  C.'s  Law  Pen  (as 

flexible  as  the  Quill),  2s.  per  gross. 

'ng  Arms,  Crests,  ffc.  from  own  Dies. 
Catalogues  Post  Free;  Orders  over  20s.  Carriage  paid. 

Copy  Address,  PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS, 
Manufacturing  Stationers :  1.  Chancery  Lane,  and  192.  Fleet  St.  E.C. 


CLERGY  MUTUAL   ASSURANCE  SOCIETY, 

\J  3.  Broad  Sanctuary,  Westminster. 

Patrons —The  Archbishops  of  CANTERBURY  and  YORK. 
Trustees  — The  Bishops  of  London  and  Winchester,  the  Dean  of  West- 
minster, and  the  Archdeacon  of  Maidstone. 

Council  of  Reference  —  The  Archbishops,  and  Bishops  of  London,  Dur- 
ham and  Winchester. 

Chairman  of  Directors  -  The  Archdeacon  of  LONDON. 
Deputy  Chairman  -F.  L.  WOLLASTON.Esq.,  M.A. 

The  present  amount  assured  upon  life  exceeds  3,000,OOOZ. 

The  invested  capital  is  upwards  of  JMO.OOOZ. 

The  annual  income  is  upwards  of  120,0007. 

Clergymen,  and  the  wives,  widows,  sons,  and  daughters  of  clergymen, 
and  the  near  relations  of  clergymen,  and  the  near  rtlationj  of  the 
wives  of  clergymen,  are  qualified  to  effect  assurances  upon  their  lives 
in  this  Society  to  any  amount  not  exceeding  5000?.  The  rates  of  pre- 
mium are  moderate  ;  there  are  no  proprietors  to  share  in  the  profits,  the 
whole  of  the  surplus  capital,  assigned  every  fifth  year,  being  appro- 
priated to  the  assured  members. 

The  next  bonus  will  be  in  the  year  1861. 

Assurances  upon  life  may  be  made  in  this  Society  upon  payment  of 
reduced  annual  premiums,  viz.,  upon  payment  of  four-fifths  ot  .the 
rates  chargeable,  one-fifth  remaining  in  arrear,  to  be  paid  olf  from  tune 
to  time  by  bonus. 

Prospectuses  and  forms  of  application  for  assurances  may  be  obtained 
attheoffice;  or  by  letter  to  the  Secretary.^  noDGSON>  ^^ 


THE  AQUARIUM.— LLOYD'S  DESCRIPTIVE 

I  and  ILLUSTRATED  LIST  of  whatever  relates  to  the  AQUA- 
RIuEsnow  readyfprice  Is.;  or  by  Post  for  Fourteen  Stamps.  128 
Pages,  and  87  Woodcuts. 

W.  ALFORD  LLOYD,  19,20,  and  20  A.  Portland  Road,  Regent's 
Park, London,  W. 


PATENT    STARCH, 
USED  IN  THE  ROYAL  LAUNDRY, 

AND  PKONOUNCED  By  HER  MAJESTY'S  LAUNDRESS,  TO  BE 
THE  FINEST  STARCH  SHE  EVER  USED. 

Sold  by  all  Chandlers,  Grocers,  &c.  &c. 
WOTHERSPOON  &  CO.,  GLASGOW  &  LONDON. 

BROWN  &  POLSON'S 

PATENT   CORN   FLOUR. 

The  Lancet  States, 

"  THIS  is  SUPERIOR  TO  ANYTHING  OP  THE  KIND  KNOWN." 
The  most  wholesome  part  of  the  best  Indian  Corn,  prepared  by  a  pro- 
cess Patented  for  the  Three  Kingdoms  and  France,  and  wherever  it 
becomes  known  obtains  great  favour  for  Puddings,  Custards,  Blanc- 
mange ;  all  the  uses  of  the  finest  arrow  root,  and  especially  suited  to 
the  delicacy  of  Children  and  Invalids  :  — 

BROWN  &  POLSON, 

Manufacturers  to  Her  Majesty  the  Queen  : 

PAISLEY,  MANCHESTER,  DUBLIN,  and  LONDON. 


REDUCTION  OF  DUTY. 

TTEDGES  &  BUTLER,  having  reduced  the  prices 

JX  of  their  WINES  in  accordance  with  the  new  Tariff,  are  now 
selling  capital  dinner  Sherry,  24s.,  30s.,  and  36s.  per  dozen ;  .high  class 
pale,  golden,  and  brown  Sherry,  42s.,  48s.,  and  54s — Good  Port,  30s.  and 

3(& Fine  old  Port,  42s.,  48s.,  54s.,  60s Pure  St.-Julien  Claret,  24s.  and 

30s.— Very  superior  ditto,  36s.— La  Rose,  36s.,  42s.  — Finest  growth 
Clarets,  60s.,  72s.,  84«._Chablis,  36s.,  48s.- Red  and  White  Burgundy, 
36s. ,  48s.  to  84s._ Champagne,  42s.,  54s.,  60s.,  72s._Hock  and  Moselle, 
3<>s.,  48s.,  60s.  to  120s.-East  India  Madeira,  Imperial  Tokay,  Vermuth, 
Frontignac.Constantia,  and  every  other  description  of  Wine  _  Fine 
old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  dozen.-Schiedam  Hollands, 
Marischino,  Curasao,  Cherry  Brandy,  &c.  On  receipt  of  a  Post-office 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


317 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  APRIL  28.  I860. 


N°.  226.— CONTENTS. 

NOTES  •  —  James  I.  and  the  Recusants,  317  —  Andrew  Mac- 
donald,  321  —  "Burning  out  the  Old  Year,"  322  — Pope 
Paul  IV.  and  Queen  Elizabeth,  Ib. 

Mitf  orc  NOTES  :  —  A  Modern  Batrachyomachia  (no  Fiction) 
—The  Days  of  the  Week— Oracles  Dumb  at  the  Nativity  of 
Christ  —  Calcutta  Newspapers  —  Epitaph  in  Memory  of  a 
Spaniard,  323. 

QUERIES:  —  Macaulay's  Earlier  Essays  — Lord  Chatham 

-before  the  Privy  Council  — ."  Mille  jugera"  —  Wicque- 
fort  Manuscripts  —  Scavenger  —  Shaftesbury  or  Rochester 

—  Robert  Doughty  —  Whipping  the  Cat  —  The  Isis  and 
Tamisis  mentioned  in  an  Indian  Manuscript  —  Robert 
Smith  —  Irish  Forfeitures  —  Knights  of  the  Round  Table 
ai'd  Ossian's  Poems  —  Bishop  Bedell's  Form  of  Institution 

—  John  Holt's  "Lac  Puerorum,  or  Mylke  forChyldren' 

—  Norwegian  and  the  Rose  —  "  Old  and  New  Week's  Pre- 
paration "  —  Campbell  of  Monzie  —  Mourning  of  Queens 
for  their  Husbands-Heraldic  Query—"  Ride"  v.  "Drive  " 

—  Passage  in  Menander— Robert  Robinson  of  Edinburgh 

—  Song  Wanted  —  Hunteroombe  House,  co.  Bucks,  324. 
QTT  PEIES  WITH  ASSWEHS  :  —  Home  of  Ninewells  —  "  Origi- 
nal Poems,"  &c.  — Mrs.  Fitzhenry  —  Uhland's  Dramatic 
Poems,  327. 

REPLIES:  — The  proposed  Taylor  Club,  327  — A  Book 
'Printed  at  Holyrood  House,  828  —  Codex  Sinaiticus,  829  — 
Archbishop  King's  Burial,  Ib.  —  Napoleon  III.  —  Splinter- 
bar  _  Tinted  Paper  —  Derivation  of  Erysipelas  —  Tromp's 
Watch  — The  French  Alphabet,  a  Drama  — Anne  Boleyn's 
Ancestry  —  Saint  E-thari  or  Y-than  —  Passage  from  Cole- 
ridge, the  Elder  — Excise  Office:  William  Robinson— Sir 
Waiter  Raleigh's  House.  Ac.,  330. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


JAMES  I.  AND  THE  RECUSANTS. 

Mr.  Jardine  once  wrote  (Archceol.  xxix.  80.) 
that  "  the  mistake  of  even  a  small  point  in  history 
is  like  inaccurately  laying  down  an  angle  in  sur- 
veying, where  a  very  slight  deviation  in  setting 
out  may  produce  unexpected  results,  and  affect 
property  to  a  serious  extent." 

Having  detected  certain  mistakes  in  the  ac- 
cepted account  of  the  dealings  of  James  I.  with 
the  lloman  Catholics  before  the  breaking  out  of 
the  Gunpowder-plot,  I  hope  it  will  be  serviceable 
to  students  of  that  part  of  our  history,  if  I  at- 
tempt to  point  out  these  inaccuracies,  into  some  of 
which  even  Mr.  Jardine  himself  has  been  led  in 


the  first  chapter  of  his  Narrative,  apparently  trust- 
ing too  much  to  the  statements  of  others. 

Inaccuracies  occurring  in  such  a  book  as  the 
Narrative  of  the  Gunpowder  Plot  acquire  an  addi- 
tional importance,  as  they  are  often  copied  by 
succeeding  writers,  who  regard  the  name  of  the 
author  as  a  sufficient  guarantee  for  the  correctness 
of  all  his  statements.  One  of  these  mistakes  has 
already  found  its  way  into  Ranke's  new  History  of 
England. 

The  following  is  the  statement  just  alluded  to 
(Narrative,  p.  19.),  that 

"  It  appears  from  some  notes  of  Sir  Julius  Caesar  .  .  .  that 
in  the  last  year  of  Queen  Elizabeth's  reign,  the  sum  paid 
into  the  receipt  at  Westminster  \>y  and  for  recusants' 
fines  and  forfeitures  was  10,333/.  9s.  Id.  In  the  next 
year  little  more  than  300/.  was  paid  at  the  Exchequer  on 
this  account.  In  the  following  year,  being  the  second  of 
James's  reign,  the  sum  barely  exceeded  200/. 

In  support  of  this  statement  the  reader  is  referred 
to  Lansdowne  MS.  153.  p.  206. 

On  referring  to  the  MS.  it  will  be  seen  that  the 
sums  thus  quoted  stand  in  perfectly  plain  writing 
as  3677Z.  7s.  l£d.,  and  2104J.  15s.  7^. 

There  are  two  papers.  The  first  gives  the 
amounts  of  the  fines  for  the  last  five  years  of  Eliza- 
beth only.  The  second  gives  the  amounts  for 
the  first  eleven  years  of  James,  as  well  as  for  the 
last  five  years  of  Elizabeth.  The  sums  in  the 
second  paper  are  always  smaller  than  those  given 
for  the  same  payments  in  the  first.  Whatever  the 
explanation  of  this  may  be,  it  is  obvious  that  for 
purposes  of  comparison  the  sums  paid  at  any  two 
periods  must  be  taken  from  the  same  paper.  In 
comparing  the  amounts  paid  in  the  last  year  of 
Elizabeth  with  those  paid  in  the  first  year  of 
James,  Mr.  Jardine  ought  therefore  to  have  sub- 
stituted the  88321.  of  the  second  paper  for  the 
10,333/.  of  the  first.  It  may  be  added  that  I  have 
compared  one  or  two  of  the  amounts  in  later 
years,  as  they  stand  in  the  second  paper,  with  the 
public  accounts  preserved  in  the  State  Paper  Office 
(Domestic  Series,  vol.  ccxi.),  and  have  found  them 
to  agree  within  a  few  pounds. 

The  following  extract  from  the  second  paper 
may  be  useful :  — 


K»  Jacobi 


1 


>viii 


3110 


C  Pasche  iiiim  ex11  vi  s  v  d 

^Michis  iiiim  c  Jxxvi11  xiiiis  xi  d  ob 
("Pasche  m  m  ixc  Ixi11  v8  vd 

(.  Michis  viic  xviu  xxd  ob 
f  Pasche  vic  iiiixx  xviii11 

J-m  m  c  iiiii1  xv«  viid  ob 
(.Michis  m  iiiic  vi11  xiii8  xd  obj 

(  Pasche  viiic  xxiiii"  xs  iiid    'i 

Vvi 
(Michis  vm  ccclvii11  ii»  ixd  obj 


m  cc  iiiixx  vii11  xvi  d  ob 


m  m  m  vi°  Ixxvii11  vii8  id  ob 


jm  ciiiisx  in  xiij  Ob 


It  appears,  therefore,  that  though  Mr.  Jardine's 
btatement  is  erroneous,  yet  his  general  argument 


that  there  was  in  these  .years  a  considerable  de- 
crease in  the  fines  is  not  affected  by  the  error. 


318 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  APRIL  28.  '60. 


The  next  inaccuracy  is  of  more  importance,  as 
it  is  one  which  has  dislocated  the  whole  chrono- 
logy of  the  dealings  of  James  with  the  recusants. 

In  common  with  Dr.  Lingard  and  Mr.  Tierney 
(Dodd's  Church  History,  note  to  vol.  iv.  p.  38.), 
Mr.  Jardine  assigns  James's  speech  to  the  council, 
which  preceded  the  reimposition  of  the  fines,  to  the 
year  1604.  Mr.  Tierney  states  that  it  was  uttered 
on  Feb.  19,  1604.  Mr.  Jardine  quotes  as  his  au- 
thority tVinwood,  ii.  49.  The  letter  in  Winwood 
is  certainly  dated  Feb.  26,  1604 ;  but  that  of 
course  means  1604-5,  not  1603-4.  From  internal 
evidence  it  appears  that  the  true  date  of  the  letter 
is  in  all  probability  Feb.  16,  1604-5.  The  exact 
date  of  the  speech  may  be  obtained  from  a  letter 
written  to  the  Bishop  of  Norwich,  dated  Feb.  14, 
1604,  i.  e.  1604-5  (Elite's  Letters,  2nd  Ser.  iii. 
215.).  In  this  the  king's  speech  is  assigned  to 
"  last  Sunday,"  i.  e.  Feb.  10. 

The  importance  of  this  rectification  consists  in 
this —  1st,  that  the  character  of  the  king  may  be 
cleared  by  it  from  some  of  the  charges  which  have 
been  thrown  upon  it ;  and,  2ndly,  that  the  provo- 
cations under  which  the  Gunpowder-plot  was 
entered  upon  are  shown  to  have  been  considerably 
less  than  is  usually  supposed. 

It  becomes,  therefore,  now  possible  to  survey 
the  ground  anew,  and  to  give  a  true  sketch  of 
the  variations  of  James's  policy.  If  they  were  not 
always  very  wise,  they  at  all  events  become  intel- 
ligible by  the  help  of  the  true  chronology. 

It  is  well  known  that  before  the  death  of 
Elizabeth,  James  made  promises  to  the  Roman 
Catholics  which  they  afterwards  considered  that 
he  had  broken.  But  it  is  by  no  means  so  certain 
that  he  did  not  intend  to  keep  them  at  the  time  that 
they  were  made.  We  have  no  means  of  knowing 
exactly  what  those  promises  were.  If  he  only 
promised  generally  to  do  much  for  the  Roman 
Catholics,  it  may  be  thought  that  his  promise  was 
fulfilled  when  he  relieved  the  laity  from  the  fines 
for  recusancy.  If  he  used  the  word  toleration,  he 
bound  himself  to  do  something  more  than  this, 
and  at  least  to  wink  at  the  celebration  of  the  mass 
in  private  houses.  He  may  have  used  it  intending 
no  more  than  this,  though  it  was  certain  to  awaken 
larger  hopes  in  those  to  whom  it  was  addressed. 

The  evidence  is  not  clear,  but  it  is  rather  in 
favour  of  the  hypothesis  that  he  did  not  promise 
toleration.  On  the  one  side  Beaumont,  the 
French  ambassador,  assured  his  master  that  he 
had  been  told  by  Northumberland  that  he  had  a 
letter  from  James  giving  such  a  promise.  This, 
however,  is  not  very  good  evidence,- as  it  is  only 
the  report  of  a  foreigner  of  Northumberland's 
impression  of  the  contents  of  a  letter.  On  the 
other  side  Northumberland  himself,  when  he  was 
examined  on  his  supposed  connexion,  with  the 
Gunpowder-plot,  and  when  it  was  his  interest  to 
show  that  he  had  the  king's  authority  for  the  hopes 


which  he  had  given,  says  nothing  about  toleration, 
but  alleges  that  he  had  received  a  message  "  that 
the  king's  pleasure  was  that  his  lordship  should 
give  the  Catholics  hopes  that  they  should  be  well 
dealt  withal  or  to  that  effect."  It  may  also  be  re- 
marked that  Watson,  under  similar  circumstances, 
gave  a  somewhat  similar  account  of  the  promises 
of  the  king,  making  no  mention  of  any  promise  of 
toleration. 

There  remains  one  piece  of  evidence  which 
proves  that,'whatever  James's  words  were,  at  least 
he  did  not  give  unlimited  promises. 

Among  the  Harleian  MSS.  (No.  589  )  is  what 
appears  to  be  a  rough  draft  of  an  official  account 
of  Northumberland's  trial  in  the  Star  Chamber. 
In  Coke's  speech  the  following  passage  occurs :  — 

"  And  after  Piercyes  Retorne  into  Englande,  he  told 
thesaid  Earle  that  his  maties  pleasure  was  that  thesaid 
Earle  should  winde  and  worke  himself  into  the  Catho- 
likies  and  geeve  them  all  hopes  of  tolleration  of  Religion 
&  to  be  well  dealt  wthall  as  thesaid  Earle  likewise  hath 
confessed  And  althoughe  the  said  answere  so  brought  by 
thesaid  Pearcy  from  his  matie  was  farre  from  any  trueth 
his  mats  goodly  &  Religious  zeale  having  been  ever  op- 
posite to  any  such  tolleration  wch  thesaid  Earle  could  not 
but  understande  having  Receaved  a  Ire  also  from  his 
maly  by  thesaid  Piercy  wch  thesaid  Earle  this  day  p'duced 
&  was  Reade  whearby  his  matie  playnly  advertised 
thesaid  Earle  that  he  ment  no  Manner  of  chaunge  or  al- 
teration either  of  the  church  or  state  wch  his  ma'y  sithence 
also  on  the  worde  of  a  kinge  hath  affirmed  he  sent  no 
such  answere  by  Piercy  to  the  said  Earle." 

Coke's  own  assertions  may  be  taken  for  what 
they  are  worth,  but  the  quotation  from  the  lettc 
must  surely  be  genuine,  and  shows  that  James  al 
least   was   not   ready  to   promise  anything    th{ 
might  be  demanded  of  him. 

Leaving  this  obscure  inquiry,  let  us  see  whj 
James's  conduct  actually  was  after  his  accession. 

For  the  requisition  of  the  recusancy  fines  due 
at  Easter  he  was  not  responsible.  In  1603  Easter 
Day  fell  on  April  24,  and  on  that  day  James  had 
only  reached  the  neighbourhood  of  Stamford  on 
his  journey  into  his  new  kingdom.  The  simplest 
way  of  explaining  the  fact  that  the  fines  paid  at 
Easter  were  less  than  those  paid  at  the  preceding 
Michaelmas,  is  to  attribute  the  decrease  to  the 
general  uncertainty  that  prevailed  of  the  king's 
intentions.  Many  persons  would  hang  back  from 
paying,  and  the  authorities  would  be  unwilling  to 
press  them. 

That  James's  intentions  were  hostile  to  the  Ro- 
man Catholics  at  his  first  entrance  is  the  almost 
invariable  deduction  from  the  well-known  story 
of  his  defending  the  appointment  of  Lord  Henry 
Howard  to  the  privy  council  by  saying  that,  "by 
this  one  tame  duck,  he  hoped  to  take  many  wild 
ones  : "  "  at  which,"  as  Rosny  informs  us,  "  the 
Catholics  were  much  alarmed."  It  is  difficult  to 
see  why,  unless  they  were  afraid  that  others  of 
their  body  would  be  corrupted  by  court  favour. 
The  obvious  meaning  of  the  king's  words  is,  that 


S.  IX.  APRIL  28.  '60.  j 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


319 


he  hoped  by  this  appointment  to  show  that  he  had 
no  intention  of  excluding  men  from  high  offices 
on  account  of  their  Religious  opinions,  and  that  he 
thought  that  this  would  win  over  many  to  at  least 
an  outward  conformity. 

In  the  beginning  of  June  James  discovered 
that  the  mere  fact  of  his  being  a  Protestant  was 
sufficient  to  expose  him  to  the  risk  of  assassination. 
Information  was  received  of  the  capture  of  a 
priest  named  Gwynn,  who  had  been  taken  at  sea 
by  a  Captain  Fisher,  and  had  confessed  to  his 
captor  that  his  intention  in  coming  to  England 
was  to  murder  the  king.*  Gwynn  was  sent  up  to 
London,  and,  upon  confession  of  his  guilt,  was 
committed  to  the  Tower.f 

Kosny,  who  was  at  that  time  in  England  on  a 
special  mission  from  the  French  king,  informed 
his  master  that  the  effect  of  this  discovery  upon 
James's  mind  was  considerable,  and  that  he  re- 
turned to  it  again  and  again  in  conversation. 

This  feeling  of  insecurity  had  not  time  to  wear 
off  before  the  discovery  of  Watson's  plot  threw 
James  again  into  a  state  of  great  anxiety.  The 
evidence  obtained  of  this  conspiracy,  which  is  now 
no  longer  a  mystery,  was  enough  to  shake  him 
in  his  purpose,  as  it  showed  that  even  the  priests 
of  the  anti- Jesuit  party  were  ready  on  very  insuf- 
ficient grounds  to  enter  into  plots  against  the 
government. 

The  king  told  the  French  ambassador  that  he 
had  been  kind  to  the  Catholics,  and  had  admitted 
them  to  his  court,  and  even  into  his  council.  He 
had  even- ordered  that  the  recusancy  fines  should 
be  levied  upon  them  no  longer,  but  in  spite  of  this 
they  were  seeking  his  life.  Beaumont  answered 
that  the  conspirators  were  exceptions  amongst  a 
generally  loyal  body ;  and  that  if  liberty  of  con- 
science were  to  be  withheld,  he  would  hardly  be 
able  to  put  a  stop  to  similar  plots. J  James  said 
that  he  would  think  the  matter  over. 

The  result  seems  to  have  been  a  determination 
to  spare  the  laity,  but  to  put  in  execution  the  laws 
against  the  priests.  About  the  middle  of  July 
the  principal  Roman  Catholic  laymen  were  in- 
formed, that,  as  long  as  they  continued  to  behave 
well  to  the  state,  the  fines  would  not  be  exacted.  § 

On  the  other  hand,  the  instructions  to  the  Pre- 
sident of  the  Council  of  the  North  ||,  dated  July 
22,  breathe  a  very  different  spirit,  as  will  be  seen 
from  the  following  extract :  — 

*  S.  P.  O.,  Domestic  Series,  vol.  ii.  3.  15. 

t  Beaumont  au  Roi,  July  JTy. 

j  Beaumont  au  Koi,  July  ||. 

§  The  Petition  Apologetical  says  that  this  took  place  a 
few  days  before  the  coronation,  which  was  on  the  25th 
July. 

||  S.  P.  0.,  Domestic  Series,  vol.  ii.  64.    The  spelling 

'  the  following  passage  from  this  paper  may  be  inter- 
sting  in  the  present  state  of  the  Shakspeare  controversy: 

The  good  administracon  of  Justice .  .  betwene  partie  and 
party." 


"  Further  that  all  due  care  and  good  meanes  may  be 
hadd  for  the  Advancement  of  gods  true  Religion  and  ser- 
vice in  those  parts,  wee  doe  require  you  uppon  conference 
wtil  the  rest  to  take  good  and  speedy  Order  That  every 
Byshoppe,  Archdeacon  or  other  Commyssarye  or  official! 
in  his  particuler  Jurrisdiccon  doe  in  their  severall  visita- 
cons  by  oath  of  sidemen  take  Presentment  of  the  nomber 
of  Recusants  and  trulie  certifie  them  to  you  or  President 
and  councell  as  in  like  manner  we  would  that  the  judges 
of  Assisse  should  give  charge  to  the  Justices  of  the  peace 
themselves  to  make  inquiry  and  p'sentment  of  the  said 
Recusants  and  to  certifie  the  number  of  them  as  they 
shall  have  knowledge  of  them  "  .  .  .  . 

"Allso  or  expresse  pleasure  and  comaundment  is  That 
the  president  and  councell  wth  all  their  pollicies  by 
all  good  \vaies  and  meanes  shall  endeavor  to  repress  all 
popish  preists  Seminary  preists  and  other  seducers  of  or 
Sub'icts  And  shall  within  the  Leymitts  of  their  authoritie 
give  warrant  and  dyreccOn  under  or  Signett  there  for  the 
search  of  any  houses  or  places  where  any  such  persons 
shall  be  suspected  to  be  receyved,  or  remaine  or  abydes 
And  allso  shall  in  their  Goale  deliver}'  before  them  to  be 
held  putt  in  execucon  wth  all  severity  Lawes  made  and 
ordayned  against  Preists  Semynaries  and  their  Recyv" 
Comforters  and  Ayders  and  against  Rucusants  And"  for 
the  better  discovery  of  such  seducery  shall  call  before 
them  all  such  persons  as  shall  be  suspected  to  have  con- 
tracted Clandestine  and  secret  Marriadge  by  popish 
priests  or  secretly  and  unlawfully  to  have  baptised  their 
children  after  the  Popish  mannr." 

I  have  referred  to  this  as  if  it  were  part  of  a 
decided  policy.  It  will  be  seen  that  there  is  no 
actual  discrepancy  between  this  and  the  promise 
to  the  Catholics  given  by  the  Council,  even 
though  the  judges  are  directed  to  put  in  force 
the  laws  against  recusants.  For  the  judge's  part 
consisted  in  convicting  of  recusancy,  and  in  re- 
turning the  name  of  the  recusant  into  the  Exche- 
quer. It  therefore  still  rested  with  the  govern- 
ment to  determine  whether  any  fine  should  be 
levied  in  consequence  of  the  conviction.  They 
may  have  wished  to  have  complete  lists  of  recu- 
sants, so  as  to  keep  the  fines  suspended  over  their 
heads  in  case  of  any  disloyalty  appearing. 

It  is  possible,  however,  that  the  king  may  have 
agreed  to  the  instructions  before  the  promise 
given  by  the  council.  The  date  of  July  2Qud 
would  probably  be  appended  after  the  paper  was 
fairly  copied  out.  The  day  on  which  it  was  con- 
sidered by  the  council,  or  presented  for  the  king's 
approval,  would  be  rather  earlier.  May  it  not  be 
that  it  was  prepared  immediately  after  the  first 
discovery  of  Watson's  plot,  at  the  time  when,  ac- 
cording to  Beaumont,  the  king  was  still  uncertain 
as  to  the  course  which  he  was  to  pursue ;  that  the 
king,  influenced  by  Beaumont's  arguments,  or- 
dered the  council  to  declare  his  favourable  in- 
tentions to  the  Catholic  laity,  but  that  Cecil,  who 
was  no  friend  to  the  priests,  sent  off  the  instruc- 
tions as  they  stood.  He  would  know  that  they 
were  not  actually  opposed  to  the  promises  which 
had  been  given,  and,  as  the  greater  part  of  the 
paper  appears  to  be  a  mere  copy  of  instructions 
given  in  Elizabeth's  reign,  might  think  himself  jus- 


320 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


d  S.  IX.  APRIL  28.  '60. 


tified  in  not  referring  the  matter  to  the  king 
ngain. 

.  In  the  copy  which  we  have  there  is  no  men- 
tion of  James's  signature,  but  only  a  certificate  of 
the  under- secretary  of  the  Council  of  the  North, 
and  the  signature,  "  Ho  Cecyll  "  id  copied  in  the 
margin,  below  which  is  added  "Exam  pr  Ed. 
Coke." 

Or,  thirdly,  the  two  facts  may  only  be  a  speci- 
men of  the  effects  of  the  vacillation  of  James's 
mind  on  this  subject  at  this  time. 

However  this  may  be,  it  may  be  doubted  whether 
these  orders  were  put  in  force.  If  there  had  been 
any  real  persecution  in  the  North,  we  should 
surely  have  heard  more  of  it.  When  persecution 
recommenced  there  was  no  lack  of  outcries. 

I  do  not  know  whether  anyone  can  bring  any 
evidence  of  the  treatment  of  the  priests  during 
the  autumn  of  1603.  One  instance  occurs  in 
which  we  hear  of  the  Act  35  Eliz.  c.  2.  being  put 
in  force  against  a  recusant.  By  this  act  recusants 
were  liable  to  be  confined  within  a  circle  of  five 
miles  round  their  places  of  residence.* 

From  the  farther  disclosures  made  by  the  pri- 
soners concerned  in  Watson's  plot,  the  govern- 
ment learned  that  the  conspiracy  which  had  just 
been  detected  formed  the  smallest  part  of  the  dan- 
gers to  which  they  were  exposed.  Watson  him- 
self declared  that  he  was  certain  the  Jesuits  had 
been  engaged  in  an  undertaking,  of  the  precise 
nature  of  which  he  was  ignorant,  but  which  was 
in  some  way  connected  with  hopes  of  a  Spanish 
invasion.  Such  a  plot  in  such  hands  would  be 
likely  to  be  more  skilfully  conducted  than  the  one 
which  had  just  failed.  At  the  same  time  strong 
suspicions  arose  that  the  ambassador  from  the 
Archdukes,  and  such  men  as  Cobham  and  Raleigh, 
were  implicated  in  it. 

Just  at  the  time  when  James  might  well  have 
felt  anxious,  a  letter  arrived  from  Sir  Thomas 
Parry,  our  ambassador  in  France  j,  in  which  he 
mentioned  that  the  Nuncio  had  sent  him  a  mes- 
sage to  the  effect  that  he  had  received  authority 
from  the  Pope  to  recall  from  England  all  turbu- 
lent priests,  the  Pope  having  declared  against  all 
their  seditious  practices.  The  Nuncio  offered 
"  that  if  there  remained  any  in  his  dominions, 
priest  or  Jesuit  or  other  Catholic  whom  he  had 
intelligence  of  for  a  practice  in  his  state  wch  could 
not  be  founde  out  upon  advertisement  of  the 
names  J,  he  would  find  meanes  by  ecclesiastical 
censures  they  should  be  delivered  to  his  justice." 

About  the  same  time  a  similar  proposition  was 
made  through  the  Nuncio  at  Brussels.§  It  does 

*  Justices  of  Carmarthenshire  to  Cecil,  Aug.  22nd,  1603. 
Dom.  Series,  iii.  32. 

t  S.  P.  0.,  French  Correspondence,  Aug.' 20th. 

J  The  comma  is  here  in  the  original.  Of  course,  it 
should  be  omitted  here,  and  placed  after  "out." 

§  At  least  we  have  the  "  Instructions  from  the  Nuncio 


not  appear  that  for  the  present  any  notice  was 
taken  of  these  proposals. 

The  recusancy  fines  paid  during  the  half  year 
ending  at  Michaelmas  stood,  as  we  have  seen,  at 
716/.  Is.  8^d.  It  may  be  asked  why  they  did  not 
cease  altogether?  I  do  not  know  whether  the 
following  conjecture  will  prove  satisfactory.  From 
another  paper  in  the  Lansdowne  MS.  153.  (p. 
195.)  it  appears  that  the  whole  number  of  those 
who  paid  the  20/.  fine  at  the  end  of  Elizabeth's 
reign  was  sixteen.  Thus  the  half-yearly  payment 
would  be  1920/.  Deducting  this  from  the  4176L 
of  Michaelmas,  1602,  there  remains  2256/.  This 
is  the  sum  raised  by  seizing  the  two-thirds  of  the 
lands  of  the  poorer  recusants.  Some  of  them  were, 
I  believe,  returned  to  their  owners  on  composi- 
tion ;  some  were  leased  out  to  friends  of  their 
owners,  who  returned  to  the  true  owners  the 
profits  minus  a  rent  paid  to  the  crown.  Others 
were  leased  to  strangers.  Is  it  not  possible  that 
rents  accruing  from  the  two  former  sources  ceased 
to  be  received,  whilst  the  profits  arising  from  the 
third  source  would  still  be  taken,  as  the  govern- 
ment would  be  prevented  by  the  terms  of  the 
lease  from  restoring  the  land  to  the  owner,  and 
would  have  no  reason  to  spare  the  lessee  ?  It  re- 
mains to  be  explained  why  the  fines  suddenly  rose 
at  Michaelmas,  1604,  to  drop  again  as  suddenly  at 
the  following  Easter. 

In  November,  perhaps  after  Coke's  threatening 
language  at  Winchester  had  been  spread  abroad, 
another  deputation  waited  on  the  council  at  Wil- 
ton. Assurances  were  given  them  that  the  late 
plots  would  make  no  difference  in  their  treatment, 
and  that  the  fines  would  not  be  exacted.* 

^  In  the  same  month  James  determined  to  avail 
himself  of  the  Nuncio's  proposals,  and  prepared  a 
Latin  letter  to  Parry,  which*  he  was  to  forward 
to  the  Nuncio,  though,  for  the  sake  of  avoiding 
scandal,  he  was  ordered  to  avoid  any  personal 
communication  with  him.f 

Thus,  at  the  close  of  the  year  1603,  James  had 
not  only  kept  his  promise  with  regard  to  the  fines, 
in  spite  of  the  plots  with  which  he  was  threatened, 
but  had  actually  entered  into  a  negotiation  with 
the  Pope  with  a  view  to  the  alleviation  of  the  suf- 
ferings of  the  priests. 

How  these  favourable  prospects  were  gradually 
overclouded  I  hope  to  be  able  to  show  in  a  future 
paper. 

It  will  be  seen  that  though  the  general  outlines 
can   be   made  out   with   tolerable  certainty,  yet 
farther  evidence  on  some  points  is  desirable. 
I  must,  however,  protest    beforehand   against 


at  Brussels  to  W.  D.  Gifford,"  to  go  to  England.  Dodd, 
iv.  App.  p.  lx. 

*  Petition  Apologetical,  p.  27. 

f  The  letter  is  printed  in  Tierney's  Dodd,  iv.,  Appen- 
dix, p.  Ixv.  Its  date  is  fixed  by  a  letter  written  by 
Cecil  on  Dec.  6th  to  accompany  it,  though  it  must  have 
been  written  itself  a  few  days  earlier. 


d  S.  IX.  APRIL  28.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


321 


anyone  bringing  two  documents  in  the  State 
Paper  Offiea  M  evidence. 

The  first  is  a  letter  of  James  T.  to  the  bishops, 
calendered  under  the  date  of  Sept.  (?),  1603.  Its 
true  date  is  Feb.  1605. 

The  other  is  a  letter  ascribed  in  the  calendar 
to  Whitgift,  and  there  dated  Dec.  1603.  Internal 
evidence  shows  that  it  was  written  in  1625,  and  it 
is  now,  I  believe,  removed  to  its  proper  place  in 
the  collection.  S.  K.  GARDINER. 


ANDREW  MACDONALD. 

The  following  interesting  letter  from  Alexander 
Fraser  Tytler  (Lord  Woodhouselee)  to  George 
Chalmers,"  Esq.  may  be  considered  worthy  of  pre- 
servation in  "  N.  &  Q."  It  contains  some  addi- 
tional particulars  respecting  Andrew  Macdonald 
not  generally  known  :  — 

"  Edinburgh,  23rd  June,  1805. 

"My  DEAR  SIR,  —  T  sit  down  to  thank  you  (which  I 
have  too  long  delayed)  for  your  obliging  letter  of  the 
10th  of  May.  The'hurry  of'the  Session  business  put  it 
out  of  my  power  to  make  the  inquiries  you  wish;  and  I 
would  not  write  till  I  could  give  you  some  satisfaction  at 
least  on  some  of  them. 

"  With  regard  to  Macdonald,  his  Christian  name  was 
Andrew ;  and  I  have  been  told  by  those  who  knew  him 
at  school  that  his  real  surname  was  Donald,  and  that  his 
father  was  a  gardener  who  lived  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Leith  or  Broughton.  He  was  born  in  1755,  and  educated 
at  the  grammar-school  of  Leith,  and  afterwards  at  the 
college  of  Edinburgh  ;  so  that  his  father  must  have  been 
in  good  circumstances  for  his  rank  in  life.  He  had  pro- 
bably been  brought  up  an  Episcopalian,  and  turned  his 
views  to  the  ministry  in  that  church.  He  was  ordained 
by  Bishop  Forbes  of 'Edinburgh,  and  until  he  obtained  a 
chapel,  he  was  for  some  time  a  private  tutor  to  Oliphant 
of  Gask's  children.  How  long  he  remained  in  that  family 
I  know  not;  but  in  1777  he  was  called  to  officiate  in  the 
Episcopal  chapel  at  Glasgow.  I  have  always  heard  that 
his  conduct  there  was  blameless  and  respectable  till  he 
declared  a  marriage  with  a  young  girl  who  had  been  his 
maid  servant.  This  it  seems  was  not  approved  of  by 
many  of  his  congregation,  who  deserted  the  Chapel  on 
that  account.  Whether  there  had  been  any  previous 
licentiousness  of  conduct  I  know  not,  but  the  conse- 
quence was  serious  to  poor  Macdonald.  Though  re- 
taining the  strictest  regard  for  religion,  he  became 
disgusted  with  his  profession.  He  had  published  a  poem 
called  Velina  (Edinburgh,  1782),  and  a  tragedy  entitled 
Vinionda  before  he  left  Glasgow ;  and  he  now  determined 
to  devote  himself  to  the  business  of  an  author.  Edin- 
burgh was  too  limited  a  field :  he  remained  there  but  a 
few  months,  and  in  that  period  I  met  with  him  several 
times  in  companies  of  literary  people,  when  I  thought  his 
manners  were  extremely  pleasing,  —  simple,  modest,  and 
unassuming,  and  his  conversation  that  of  a  man  of  ta- 
lents and  good  education.  I  regretted  much  his  leaving 
Edinburgh,  and  still  more  the  disappointment  of  his 
pro-j.ects  on  going  to  London.  He  went  thither  in 
1787,  and  it  appears  barely  contrived  to  obtain  subsis- 
tence among  the  booksellers,  I  presume  by  writing  for 
the  Magazines  or  Reviews.  xHe  was  engaged  likewise  to 
write  an  opera  for  the  little  theatre  in  the  Haymarkct, 
but  whether  he  finished  it  I  am  uncertain.  His  health 
had  been  always  delicate ;  and  at  length  he  was  seized 
with  consumption,  which  carried  him  off  iu  the  end  of  the 


year  1788  [1790].  lie  scarcely  left  wherewithal  to  buiy 
him.  As  to  his  Works,  I  presume  you  know  them.  A 
posthumous  volume  of  Sermons  [?]  was  printed  after 
his  death  which  I  have  never  seen. 

"  As  to  Thomson,  the  author  of  Whist,  I  was  not  ac- 
quainted with  him  personally,  but  I  have  applied  to  a 
friend  who  knows  his  history!  and  has  promised  to  give 
me  some  brief  account  of  him,  which  I  shall  send  you.  I 
am  likewise  in  the  train  of  acquiring  some  of  Mrs.  Cock- 
burn's  poems  [see  "  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  ix.  298.],  but  the  lady 
who  has  them  being  at  present  out  of  town,  I  cannot  ob- 
tain them  till  her  return.  I  shall  send  you  such  of  them 
as  seem  to  possess  merit.  Of  the  Essay  on  the  Stage, 
printed  at  Edinburgh  in  1754,  I  never  heard. 

"  I  thank  you  most  cordially  for  the  notices  you  sent 
me  relative  to  Lord  Kames.  "  There  was  no  Writer  to 
the  Signet  of  the  name  of  Dickson  in  the  year  1720,  so 
Mr.  Campbell  in  that  particular  must  have  been  mis- 
taken. 

'•'  Pray  was  Monboddo  a  rival  candidate  for  the  sheriff- 
ship  of  Berwickshire  when  Kames  bore  that  honourable 
testimony  to  his  character?  If  so,  it  was  very  honour- 
able for  the  latter,  and  deserves  indeed  to  be  recorded. 
But  of  what  political  heresy  was  Monboddo  suspected? 
I  wish  you  would  explain  "this  when  you  shall  kindly 
favour  me  with  the  information  you  promised  about  the 
flax  husbandry. 

"  I  have  written  this  letter  in  some  pain,  lying  on  my 
bed  from  the  accident  of  a  fall  I  met  with  a  few  days  ago, 
which  bruised  my  back  considerably,  but  happily  missed 
the  spine.  I  trust  I  shall  soon  get  well.  Meantime,  my 
dear  Sir,  believe  me  with  most  sincere  regard,  ever  your 
very  faithful  and  obedient  servant 

"ALEX.  FRASER  TYTLER. 

"  P.S.  The  letter  of  Lord  Albemarle  is  a  great  curiosity, 
but  must  be  used  with  some  delicacy." 

There  are  a  few  inaccuracies  in  Lord  Wood- 
houselee's  account  of  poor  Andrew  Macdonald, 
whose  biography  would  indeed  add  another  pain- 
ful chapter  to  the  Calamities  of  Authors.  He  was 
indebted  for  his  education,  not  to  "the  good  circum- 
stances" of  his  father;  but  to  Bishop  Forbes  of  Ross 
and  Caithness.  The  Bishop  was  warmly  attached  to 
the  interests  of  the  house  of  Stuart ;  and,  accord- 
ingly, when  Prince  Charles  Edward,  in  September, 
1745,  descended  from  the  Highlands,  he  joined  a 
small  party  of  friends,  who  advanced«to  the  neigh- 
bourhood of  Stirling,  in  order  to  pay  their  respects 
to  the  representative  of  him  whom  they  were  still 
inclined  to  honour  as  their  sovereign.  This  led  to 
the  imprisonment  of  the  Bishop  until  after  the 
suppression  of  the  unfortunate  rising  accomplished 
by  the  victory  gained  at  Culloden.  The  father  of 
young  Macdonald  was  also  from  principle  a  friend 
to  the  Stuart  family  ;  and  when  the  deprived  pre- 
late discovered  in  the  son  of  the  honest  gardener 
a  genius  above  mediocrity,  he  contributed  both 
by  advice  and  assistance  to  procure  him  a  liberal 
education.  It  was  during  his  residence  at  Glas- 
gow that  Andrew  Macdonald  published  anony- 
mously The  Independent,  a  novel,  2  vols.  12mo. 
1784.  On  reaching  the  metropolis  his  literary 
abilities  could  only  obtain  for  him  a  precarious 
subsistence.  Under  the  signature  of  Matthew 
Bramble,  he  contributed  to  the  papers  many 


322 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


OldS.  IX.  APRIL  28.  'GO. 


lively,  satirical,  and  humorous  pieces.  His  tra- 
gedy, Vimonda,  was  acted  at  the  Haymarket  on 
Sept.  5,  1787.  Genest  (History  of  the  Stage,  vi. 
455.),  after  giving  a  brief  notice  of  the  charac- 
ters, speaks  of  it  as  "  a  moderate  tragedy ;  some 
parts  of  it  are  very  good,  and  the  whole  of  it 
would  have  been  better,  if  it  had  been  written  in 
three  acts,  with  the  omission  of  Alfreda."  The 
Prologue  was  spoken  by  Mr.  Bensley,  and  the 
Epilogue  (written  by  Mr.  Mackenzie)  by  Mrs. 
Kemble.  The  Dramatis  Persona  —  Men,  Roth- 
say,  Mr.  Kemble.  Melville,  Mr.  Bannister,  jun. 
Dundore,  Mr.  Bensley.  Barnard,  Mr.  Aickin. 
Women,  Vimonda,  Mrs.  Kemble.  Alfreda,  Miss 
Woolery,  1787;  Mrs.  Brooks,  1788.  Scene  —  a 
baron's  castle  and  its  environs,  on  the  borders  of 
England  and  Scotland. 

Vimonda  was  printed  in  1788,  8vo.  In  the 
Advertisement,  Macdonald  states,  that  "  in  the  re- 
presentation several  passages  are  left  out,  and 
some  variations  made,  for  which  the  author  is  ob- 
liged to  the  judgment  and  good  taste  of  Mr. 
Colman.  They  are  not,  however,  distinguished, 
as  they  will  easily  be  perceived,  and  their  pro- 
priety acknowledged,  by  persons  acquainted  with 
the  nature  of  stage  effect." 

Poor  Macdonald,  after  struggling  with  great 
distress,  died  at  his  lodgings  in  Kentish  Town,  on 
August  22,  1790,  in  the  thirty-third  year  of  his 
age,  leaving  a  wife  and  infant  in  a  state  of  ex- 
treme indigence.  In  1791,  Mr.  Murray  published 
his  Miscellaneous  Works,  including  four  dramatic 
pieces  :  1.  The  Princess  of  Tarento,  a  Comedy  in 
two  acts.  2.  Love  and  Loyalty,  an  opera.  3. 
The  Fair  Apostate,  a  Tragedy.  4.  Vimonda,  a 
Tragedy.  The  volume  also  contains  those  pro- 
ductions which  had  appeared  under  the  signature 
of  Matthew  Bramble,  Esq.,  with  various  other 
compositions.  J.  YEOWELL. 

"  BURNING  OUT  THE  OLD  YEAR." 

A  practice  which  may  be  worth  noting  came 
under  my  observation  at  the  town  of  Biggar  (in 
the  upper  ward  of  Lanarkshire)  on  31st  De- 
cember last.  It  has  been  there  customary  from 
time  immemorial  among  the  inhabitants  to  cele- 
brate what  is  called  "  burning  out  the  old  year." 
For  this  purpose  during  the  day  of  the  31st  a 
large  quantity  of  fuel  is  collected,  consisting  of 
branches  of  trees,  brushwood,  and  coals,  and 
placed  in  a  heap  at  the  "  Cross,"  and  about  nine 
o'clock  at  night  the  lighting  of  the  fire  is  com- 
menced, surrounded  by  a  crowd  of  onlookers, 
who  each  thinks  it  a  duty  to  cast  into  the  flaming 
mass  some  additional  portion  of  material,  the 
whole  becoming  sufficient  to  maintain  the  fire  till 
next  or  New  Year's  Day  morning  far  advanced. 
Fires  are  also  kindled  on  the  adjacent  hills  to  add 
to  the  importance  of  the  occasion. 


So  far  as  I  could  learn  a  belief  yet  partially 
exists  among  the  inhabitants  of  the  town,  which 
seems  some  wreck  of  the  ancient  superstition,  that 
it  is  "  uncanny  "  to  give  out  a  light  to  any  one 
on  New  Year's  Day  morning,  and  therefore,  if 
the  house  fire  has  been  allowed  to  become  extin- 
guished, recourse  must  be  had  to  the  embers  of 
the  pile.  This,  with  feelings  of  a  joyous  nature, 
account  for  the  maintenance  of  the  fire  up  to  a 
certain  time  of  New  Year's  Day. 

Others  of  the  better  informed  class  of  the  in- 
habitants, who  have  considered  the  question  of 
these  fires  so  long  perpetuated  in  town  and 
country,  appear  to  think  them  of  a  much  deeper 
origin  than  any  of  our  once  popular  witchcraft?, 
and  do  not  hesitate  to  ascribe  them  as  the  relics 
of  Pagan  or  of  Druidical  rites  of  the  dark  ages  ; 
perhaps  to  a  period  as  remote  as  that  of  the  J3el- 
taine  fires,  the  change  of  circumstances  having 
now  altered  those  fires,  both  as  to  the  particular 
season  of  year  of  their  celebration,  and  of  their 
various  religious  forms.  There  is  said  to  be 
traces  on  the  neighbouring  hills  which  strongly 
countenance  the  opinion  being  held  of  such  primi- 
tive usages  and  ceremonies  having  prevailed. 

Biggar,  although  still  only  a  small  town,  is  of 
very  high  historical  antiquity.*  Near  it  ran  the 
Roman  Way  passing  on  to  Carlisle,  remains  of 
which  are  occasionally  dug  up  in  fields  and  mosses. 
Within  the  town,  crossing  a  small  rivulet,  exists 
what  is  now  familiarly  known  as  the  "  Cadger's 
(or  Carrier's)  Brig,"  its  arch  presenting  the  ap- 
pearance of  being  of  an  sera  contemporaneous 
with  the  Roman  power  in  Scotland,  as  also,  in  its 
bounds,  a  large  tumulus  or  earthen  mound  which 
has  never  been  explored,  and  of  which  there  is 
no  record  whatever.  In  the  days  of  Sir  William 
Wallace,  on  the  adjacent  grounds  was  fought  with 
the  English  the  "  Battle  of  Biggar,"  in  the  es- 
tablishing the  independence  of  the  country. 

Some  of  the  particulars  noticed  in  the  fore- 
going may  perhaps  throw  farther  light  on  the 
"  Clavie  and  Durie  "  which  have  been  under  dis- 
cussion in  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  G.  N. 


POPE  PAUL  IV.  AND  QUEEN  ELIZABETH. 

While  reading  up  the  question  of  the  excom- 
munication of  Queen  Elizabeth  by  Pope  Pius  V., 
lately  mooted  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  and  looking  into  the 
most  reliable  Roman  Catholic  writers,  such  as 
Dr.  Lingard  and  Dodd,  for  their  account  of  the 
matter,  I  met  with  the  following  curious  bit, 
which,  methinks,  is  fitting  for  a  corner  in  "  N.  & 
Q.,"  as  showing  the  startling  contradictions  which 
sometimes  turn  up  in  history.  The  only  edition 
of  Dodd  then  within  my  reach  was  the  unfinished 


*  "  London's  big,  but  Biggar's  biggar,"  is  a  well- known 
old  saying  in  reference  to  it. 


S.  IX.  APRIL  28. '60.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


323 


_  with  notes  by  a  Rev.  M.  A.  Tierney.  Quoting 
mi  a  work  in  Latin  the  arguments  urged  upon 
Elizabeth  by  Cecil  —  ad  religionis  formam  pub- 
lice  mutandam  —Dodd's  editor  says :  — 

"  If  this  reasoning  was  calculated  from  its  force  to 
operate  on  tlie  queen's  mind,  its  power  was  not  likely  to 
be  diminished  by  the  imprudent  and  irritating  conduct  of 
the  papal  court.  One  of  the  first  acts  of  Elizabeth  was 
to  announce  her  accession  to  the  different  sovereigns  of 
Europe.  Among  these,  Paul  IV.,  who  then  occupied  St. 
Peter's  chair,  was  not  omitted.  Came,  the  resident  am- 
bassador at  Rome,  was  instructed  to  wait  on  the  pontiff, 
to  acquaint  him  with  the  change  which  had  occurred  in 
the  English  government,  and  to  assure  him  at  the  same 
time  of  the  determination  of  the  new  queen  to  offer  no 
violence  to  the  consciences  of  her  subjects.  But  Paul,  with 
a  mind  at  once  enfeebled  by  age  and  distorted  by  pre- 
judice, had  already  listened  to  the  interested  suggestions 
of  the  French  ambassador.  He  replied  that,  as  a  bastard, 
Elizabeth  was  incapable  of  succeeding  to  the  English 
crown ;  that,  by  ascending  the  throne  without  his  sanc- 
tion, she  had  insulted  the  authority  of  the  apostolic  see; 
but  that,  nevertheless,  if  she  would  consent  to  submit 
herself  and  her  claims  to  his  judgment,  he  was  still  de- 
sirous of  extending  to  her  whatever  indulgence  the  jus- 
tice of  the  case  should  allow.  Elizabeth,  as  might  have 
been  expected,  instantly  ordered  Carne  to  retire." — Dodd's 
Church  History -,  &-c.,  by  Rev.  M.  A.  Tierney,  ii.  121.  . 

Of  a  truth  the  priest  here  mauls  the  pontiff 
with  a  rough,  a  heavy  hand,  and  each  several  fact 
is  set  forth  unfalteringly  as  if  there  was  not  the 
faintest  shadow  of  doubt  upon  any  of  them.  That 
Caraffa  was  an  old  man  when  made  Pope  is  cer- 
tain ;  yet,  if  we  may  believe  Sandini,  "  Sed  vege- 
tum  ingenium  in  vivido  pectore  vigebat,  virebatque 
integris  sensibus,"  this  is  any  thing  than  having  "a 
mind  enfeebled  by  age." 

But,  it  seems,  the  above  picture  of  events  of 
Mr.  Tierney 's  painting  is  an  idle  dream,  and  the 
substance  of  the  facts  embodied  in  his  note  is 
flatly  gainsaid  by  Dr.  Lingard,  who  writes  thus : — 

"  The  whole  of  this  narrative  is  undoubtedly  a  fiction, 
invented,  it  is  probable,  by  the  enemies  of  the  pontiff,  to 
throw  on  him  the  blame  of  the  subsequent  rupture  be- 
tween England  and  Rome.  Carne  was,  indeed,  still  in 
that  city;  but  his  commission  had  expired  at  the  death 
of  Mary.  He  could  make  no  official  communication 
without  instructions  from  the  new  sovei'eign.  According 
to  the  ordinary  course,  he  ought  to  have  been  revoked  or 
accredited  again  to  the  pontiff;  but  no  more  notice  was 
taken  of  him  by  the  ministers  than  they  could  have  done 
had  they  been  ignorant  of  his  existence.  The  only  in- 
formation which  he  obtained  of  English  transactions  was 
derived  from  the  reports  of  the  day.  Wearied  with  the 
anomalous  and  painful  situation  in  which  he  stood,  he 
most  earnestly  requested  to  be  recalled,  and  at  last  suc- 
ceeded in  his  request,  but  not  till  more  than  three  months 
after  the  queen  had  ascended  the  throne.  It  is  plain, 
then,  that  Carne  made  no  notification  to  Paul;  and  if 
any  one  else  had  been  employed  for  that  purpose,  some 
trace  of  his  appointment  and  his  name  might  be  dis- 
covered in  our  national  or  in  foreign  documents  and  his- 
torians."— ffist.  of  England,  vi.  5.,  London,  1849. 

Dr.  Lingard  was  led  to  take  this  view  of  the 
question  from  the  documents  in  the  State  Paper 
Office,  from  an  original  letter  among  the  Cotton 


MSS.,  and  from  the  Burleigh  paper?,  brought  to 
his  notice  by  the  researches  of  the  late  Mr. 
Howard  of  Corby  Castle. 


A  MODERN  BATRACHYOMACHIA  (NO  FICTION). — 
Homer,  or  whoever  it  may  be,  has  described  a 
pitched  battle  between  mice  and  frogs  —  our  poet, 
Bilderdijk,  has  imitated  his  Batrachyomachia  in 
Dutch.  I  have  witnessed  one  ! 

As,  some  years  ago,  I  was  walking  with  a  friend 
over  the  grounds  of  Manpadt  House,  we  noticed 
some  stir  in  the  grass,  and,  looking,  saw  a  big 
green  frog  that,  albeit  always  leaping  on,  did  not 
proceed  an  inch.  Wondering  at  this,  we  peered 
more  attentively,  and  remarked  that  the  frog  had 
swallowed  part  of  the  tail  of  a  live  field-mouse, 
and  was  trying  to  make  away  with  it.  The  mouse, 
very  naturally,  exerted  all  its  strength  to  escape 
this  violation  of  property  and  propriety,  and 
thence  the  inexplicable  treadmill-progress  of  Mr. 
Frog.  Most  probably  that  gentleman  had  taken 
the  object  of  his  covetousness  for  a  worm.  When, 
however,  at  last  the  public  humanely  interfered 
with  the  combatants,  the  frog  let  loose,  and  away 
was  the  mouse ! 

By  the  bye,  would  not  an  illustrated  edition  of 
the  Batrachyomachia  be  a  splendid  nursery -book 
in  some  shilling  series  of  untearables  ?  I  give  my 
idea  for  a  copy  !  J.  H.  VAN  LENNEP. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht. 

THE  DAYS  or  THE  WEEK. — I  heard  the  other 
day  the  following  pretty  version  of  the  Devonshire 
superstition  given  in  your  1st  Series  (iv.  38.), 
which,  from  its  language,  appears  to  be  connected 
with  the  North  :  — 

"  Monday's  Bairn  is  fair  of  face ; 
Tuesday's  Bairn  is  fu'  of  grace ; 
Wednesday's  Bairn's  the  child  of  woe ; 
Thursday's  Bairn  has  far  to  go ; 
Friday's  Bairn  is  loving  and  giving; 
Saturday's  Bairn  works  hard  for  his  living; 
But  the  Bairn  that  is  born  on  the  Sabbath-day, 
Is  luck}',  and  bonny,  and  wise,  and  gay." 

C.  W.  BlNGHAM. 

ORACLES  DUMB  AT  THE  NATIVITY  OF  CHRIST. — • 

"  The  Oracles  are  dumb, 
No  voice  or  hideous  hum 

Runs  through  the  arched  roof  in  words  deceiving. 
Apollo  from  his  shrine, 
Can  no  more  divine, 

With  hollow  shriek  the  steep  of  Delphos  leaving. 
No  nightly  trance,  or  breathed  spell, 
Inspires  the  pale-ey'd  priest  from  the  prophetic  cell." 
— Milton's  Ode  on  the  Morning  of  CJirisCs  Nativity,  st.  xix. 

"  Dr.  Newton  observes  that  the  allusion  to  the  notion 
of  the  cessation  of  oracles  at  the  coming  of  Christ  was 
allowable  enough  in  a  young  poet.  Surely  nothing  could 
have  been  more  allowable  in  an  old  poet.  Autf  hoAv 


324 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


IX.  APRIL  28.  '60. 


poetically  is  it  extended  to  the  pagan  divinities,  and  the 
oriental  idolatries!  "-T.  IParton. 

I  am  not  aware    that    Dunster,   or  any  other 
critic,. lias  pointed  out  the  following  parallelism:— 
"  Delphica  damnatis  tacuerunt  sortibus  antra, 
Nou  tripodas  cortina  tegit,  non  spumat  anhelus 
Fata  Sibyllmisfanaticus  edita  libris; 
Perdidit  insanos  mendax  Dodona  vapores, 
Mortua  jam  mutse  lugent  oracula  Cumae, 
Nee  responsa  refert  Libycis  in  Syrtibus  Ammon." 
(The  Libyck  Hammon  shrinks  his  horn,  st.  xxii.) 
"  Nil  agit  arcanum  murmur :  nil  Thessala  prosunt 
Carmina,  turbatos  revocat  nulla  hostia  Manes." 

Prudentii  Apotheosis  adv.  Judceos. 

Compare  with  the  last  line  st.  xxi. :  — 
"  In  urns  and  altars  round 
A  drear  and  dying  sound 

Affrights  the  Flamens  at  their  service  quaint." 
«'  Attention  is  irresistibly  awakened  and  engaged  by 
the  air  of  solemnity  and  enthusiasm  that  reigns  in  this 
stanza  (xix.)  and  "some  that  follow.     Such  is  the  power 
of  true  poetry,  that  one  is  almost  inclined  to  believe  the 
superstition  real."—  Jos.  Warton. 
"And  the  chill  marble  seems  to  sweat, 
While  each  peculiar  Power  foregoes  his  wonted  seat." 
See  an  illustration  of  these  two  lines  in  "  N.  & 
Q."  1st  S.  iii.  36.  BIBLIOTHECAR.  CHETHAM, 

C ALCU  TT A  NEWSPAPERS. — From  the  first  number 
of  The  World,  now  before  me,  dated  October  15, 
1791,  it  appears  that  the  following  weekly  news- 
papers were  at  that  date  published  in  Calcutta  : — 
"  The  Recorder,  The  Asiatic  Mirror, 

The  India  Gazette,  The  Calcutta  Gazette, 

The  Calcutta  Chronicle,       The  Advertiser, 
The  Bengal  Journal,  The  Journal,  and 

The  Calcutta  General  The  World." 

Advertiser. 

UN  ED  A. 
Philadelphia. 

EPITAPH  IN  MEMORY  or  A  SPANIARD.  —  Here 
is  the  copy  of  an  epitaph,  which  I  make  no  ques- 
tion will  provoke  the  attention  of  some  of  your 
readers  who  have  the  skill  and  the  patience  to 
decypher  monumental  intricacies.     It  runs  thus  : 
"ESTASEPOLTVRAESDJVAN 
CALBODSAABEDREYDESVS 

HEREDEROSANODE   1609." 

The  letters  are  in  Roman  capitals,  and  equi- 
distant, the  division  of  words  being  altogether  dis- 
regarded. The  inscription,  worn  by  constant 
treading,  is  on  a  small  flat  stone  near  the  altar  of 
the  king's  chapel  at  Gibraltar,  and  is  evidently  in 
memory  of  some  Spanish  celebrity.  At  the  foot 
•  of  the  epitaph  is  an  ornamental  shield,  7  in.  by 
5  in.,  too  much  defaced  to  enable  its  heraldic 
characteristics  to  be  discovered.  M.  S.  R. 


MACAULAY'S  EARLIER  ESSAYS.  —  It  is  well 
known  that  Macaulay  not  unfrequently  contri- 
buted papers  on  the  political  situation  of  the 


time  being  to  the  Edinburgh  Review  ;  for  in- 
stance, a  paper  entitled  the  "New  Anti- Jacobin 
Review"  (vol.  xlvi.  of  the  year  1827,  pp.  245- 
268.),  another  on  "  Spirit  of  Party  "  (vol.  xlvi.  pp. 
415-433.),  and  a  third  inscribed  "Observations  on 
the  late  Changes"  (vol.  xlvii.  of  the  year  1828, 
pp.  251-260.).  I  now  wish  to  know  if  two  papers 
in  the  52nd  vol.  of  the  Edinburgh  Iteview  (of  the 
year  1831),  entitled  "the  General  Election  and 
the  Ministry  "  (pp.  261-279.),  and  "the  Late  and 
the  Present  Ministry"  (pp.  530-546.)  are  from 
Macaulay's  pen  ?  Perhaps  one  of  your  numerous 
readers  may  be  able  to  answer  this  question. 

I  also  wish  to  know  if  there  are  other  essays  of 
Macaulay  extant,  besides  those  which  have  been 
separately'  published,  and  those  which  are  now 
preparing  for  publication  at  Messrs.  Longman's  ? 

J.  A. 

LORD  CHATHAM  BEFORE  THE  PRIVY  COUNCIL. 
—  In  the  recently  published  Memoirs  of  Malone, 
we  are  told  in  the  "Maloniana"  (p.  349.),  that  Lord 
Chatham  (when  Mr.  Pitt)  "  on  some  occasion 
made  a  very  long  and  able  speech  in  the  Privy 
Council  relative  to  some  naval  matter  ;"  but  that 
his  proposal  was  instantly  rejected  when  Lord 
Anson  declared  that  Mr.  Secretary  knew  nothing 
at  all  of  what  he  had  been  talking  about.  Now 
when  did,  or  when  could,  Lord  Chatham  ever 
have  made  an  eloquent  speech  in  the  Privy  Coun- 
cil? The  thing  is  simply  impossible.  Franklin 
made  a  famous  speech  there ;  but  it  was  as  a 
party  before  the  Council.  A  Privy  Councillor 
never  makes  a  speech,  except  as  a  judge  in  giving 
judgment;  and  no  one  could  ever  have  heard 
Lord  Chatham  make  an  eloquent  speech  there. 

Another  passage  (note,  p.  348.)  shows  how  pro- 
foundly ignorant  Malone  must  have  been  of  what 
he  writes  about.  He  speaks  of  Pope  as  patronising 
Lord  Mansfield.  Lord  Mansfield,  at  the  time 
mentioned,  was  in  the  highest  position  in  the 
House  of  Commons,  the  antagonist  of  Lord  Chat- 
ham ;  and  whoever  has  read  Pope,  must  recollect 
his  considering  Mr.  Murray  one  of  the  greatest 
men  of  the  day.  E.  C.  B. 

'*  MILLE  JUGERA." — Horace,  in  his  ode  In  Vcdium 
jRufum,  refers  to  a  well-estated  Roman  gentleman 
in  the  following  terms  :  — 

"Arat  Falerni  mille  fundi  jugera." 

Can  any  of  your  classical  readers  find  a  similar 
reference  or  allusion  in  any  other  Latin  writer 
in  prose  or  verse  ?  There  seems  some  intention 
of  precision  in  the  idea  expressed  by  the  poet. 
Were  a  thousand  jugera  the  Roman  ideal  of  a  large 
estate  ?  H.  C.  C. 

WICQUEFORT  MANUSCRIPTS.— In  the  year  1735, 

Sir    Trevor,    English    ambassador    at   the 

Hague,  bought,  for  Sir  Richard  Ellis,  at  a  sale  of 
MSS.  in  Amsterdam,  the  last  ten  books  of  the 
"  Histoire  des  Provinces  Unies  par  Abraham  de 


2«<»  S.  IX.  APRIL  28.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


325 


Wicquefort,"  These  books  are  numbered  21—30., 
and  u2. ;  No.  31.  being  by  some  accident  missing. 
Sir  liT 'Ellis  died  on  the  4th  of  Feb.  1741-42, 
leaving  his  library  to  his  widow,  who  subsequently 
married  Lord  Despencer. 

A  gentleman  in  Holland  is  now  preparing  for 
the  press  this  work  of  Wicquefort,  and  would  feel 
obliged  to  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  who  could 
give  him  any  information  concerning  the  books 
purchased  by  the  English  ambassador. 

JOHN  SCOTT. 

Bank  Street,  Norwich. 

SCAVENGER.  —  From  whence  this  strange  word  ? 
Has  it  anything  to  do  with  the  Danish  word  sliar- 
linger,  a  dustman,  or  with  the  Dutch  straatoeger^ 
a  street-sweeper  ?  Or  is  it  from  scavagc,  and  if 
so,  from  whence  that  term  ?  J.  II.  VAN  LENNEP. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht. 

SHAFTESBURY     OB    ROCHESTER?  — III  LdU>   and 

Lawyers  by  Archel  Poison  of  Lincoln's  Inn  in 
1858,  is  the  following  :  — 

"  Shaftesbury  was  one  of  the  most  remarkable  men  re- 
corded in  English  history.  His  wit  and  address  were 
unequalled.  The  king  once  said  to  him,  '  Shaftesbury, 
thou  art  the  greatest  rogue  in  the  kingdom.'  '  Of  a  sub- 
ject, sir,'  coolly  replied  Shaftesbury  with  a  bow." 

This  anecdote  has  been  repeatedly  related  of 
Charles  II.  and  the  Earl  of  Rochester.  What 
authority  is  there  for  substituting  Shaftesbury 
for  the  latter  ?  UNEDA. 

Philadelphia. 

ROHERT  DOUGHTY,  of  S.  John's  College,  Cam- 
bridge, B.A.  1611—12,  M.A.  1615,  was  master  of 
the  Free  School  at  Wakefield  fifty  years  or  more, 
and  Charles  Hoole,  a  noted  grammarian,  was  one 
of  his  scholars.  We  shall  be  glad  of  any  addi- 
tional information  touching  Mr.  Doughty. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge, 

WHIPPING  THE  CAT. — What  is  the  meaning  of 
this  expression  ?  It  occurs  in  a  Philadelphia 
newspaper  for  June  19,  1793,  as  the  heading  of 
this  paragraph :  — 

"  MIRABKAU'S  ashes  were  dispersed  a8  belonging  to  a 
traitor,  by  the  patriot  Brissot,  who  is  styled  a  villain  by 
the  patriot  E'gu.lite,  whose  banishment  fs  advocated  by 
the  patriot  Robespierre,  who  is  declared  to  be  a  monster 
by  the  patriot  Dumourieztwho  is  stigmatized  a  traitor  by 
the  patriot  Marat,  who  is  now  confined  by  a  patriotic 
decree  of  the  Convention." 

UNEDA. 

Philadelphia. 

THE  Isis  AND  TAMISIS  MENTIONED  IN  AN  INDIAN 
MANUSCRIPT.  —  Mr.  C.  J.  de  Grave  says,  in  his 
Republiyue  des  Champs- E'ly  sees,  vol.  ii.  p.  174.: 

"  Les  journaux  du  mois  d'Octobre,  1800,   ont  public 

qu'on  venait  de  d&errer  5,  Benares  un  vieux  manuscrit  en 

:  ie  sacree,   qui   contenait  un  traits'  topographique. 

t'crit  donne  la  description  d'une  ile  appelee  Sainte. 


On  y  tronve,  dit-on,  les  noms  d'/s/s  et  de  Tamisis,  et  la 
description  d'un  temple  en  forme  de  pagode  ludienne. 
Comme  il  s'agissait  d'une  ile,  et  qu'on  y  rencontrait  les 
noms  de  deux  rivieres  connues  d'Angleterre,  et  particu- 
lierement  celui  du  beau  fleuve  la  Tamise,  on  s'est  iiatte 
que  c'e'tait  la  topographic  de  co  royaume,  et  la  Compagnie 
des  Indes  a  donne  des  ordres  pouv  en.  iaire  promptement 
la  traduction,"  etc. 

Was  this  MS.  indeed  translated  and  printed? 
and  if  so,  under  what  title  ?  (From  The  Navor- 
scher,  vol.  iv.  p.  135.)  11.  E. 

ROBERT  SMITH.  —  The  two  following  inscrip- 
tions are  found,  one  on  the  fly-leaf  at  the  begin- 
ning, and  the  other  on  the  last  printed  leaf,  of  a 
Bible,  which  was  formerly  chained  before  the 
rood  in  Fountains  Abbey  for  public  reading,  and 
which  was  sold  within  the  last  two  years  by  Mr. 
Kerslake  of  Bristol.  I  wish  to  found  a  Query 
presently  upon  these  inscriptions. 

That  on  the  fly-leaf  at  the  beginning  is  :  — 

"  Liber  Sanctae  Marias  Virginis  Gloriosao  de  Fontibus, 
ex  clono  domini  lioberti  Smythe,  cgregii  Sacra  theologias 
professoris,  et  quondam  Rectoris  de  vada," 

That  on  the  last  printed  leaf  is :  — 

"  Quibus  huiusce  opusculi  sese  assuefacere  Junat  Lec- 
lura,  quantum  libet  libere  perfruantur ;  sit  tamen  eis  lege, 
ut  Keuerendissimi  patris  nostri  et  Domini  Marmaduci 
Abbatis  de  Fontibus,  eiusque  nonrnis  primi,  Ac  Robert! 
fabri,  sacra  theologire  professoris,  viri  et  sui  temporis 
ilhigtrissjmi,  ac  rectoris  de  vada,  suis  predbus  hie  ante 
crucifixum,  memoria  agant; — Quorum  Alter,  ab  hac  luce 
discedens,  presentem  opusculum  huic  monasterio  legauit 
—  Alter  pia  eonsideratione  publicum  procurans  profectum, 
hie  catenis  obferauit." 

The  contractions  are  filled  out  in  the  extract, 
from  which  I  copy.  The  abbat  was  Marmaduke 
Huby,  who  sat  from  A.D.  1494  to  1526  ;  and  the 
last  inscription  must  have  been  written  after  the 
appointment  of  Marmaduke  Bradley,  in  1536-7, 
who  was  the  second  abbat  of  that  Christian  name. 

Vada  seems  to  Latinise  Wath  —  a  name  mean- 
ing ford  in  Yorkshire  —  and  given  to  a  parish  at 
no  great  distance  from  Fountains  Abbey. 

The  question  I  wish  to  ask  is,  whether  Robert 
Smythe,  the  rector,  is  identical  with  Robert  Smith, 
S.  T.  P.  of  Lincoln  College,  Oxford,  Avho  was 
Vice- Chancellor  of  the  University,  A.D.  1493—- 
1497  ?  and  whether  anything  is  known  of  the 
latter  beyond  this  bare  fact  ? 

I  would  ask  another  question  with  respect  to 
the  book  itself.  It  is  in  black-letter,  without  date, 
and  the  title  is  :  — 

"  Bibliorum  Latinorum  tertia  pars,  in  se  Continens 
Glosam  Ordinariam  cum  Expositione  Lyrae  Literal!  et 
Morali,  necnon  Additionibus  et  Replicis,  super  Libros 
Job,  Psalterium,  Prov.,  Eccl.,  Cant.  Cantt,  Sap.,  Eccles." 

The  date  is  supposed  to  be  about  A.D.  1520.  Can 
the  year  be  more  definitely  ascertained  ? 

PATONCE. 

IRISH  FORFEITURES.  — I  have  a  quarto  volume 
of  old  and  curious  pamphlets  relative  to  Ireland 


326 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  IX.  APRIL  28.  '< 


in  the  beginning  of  the  last  century,  and  shall  feel 
much  obliged  for  the  names  of  the  respective  au- 
thors of  the  following,  which  appeared  anony- 
mously :  — 

1.  "  A  Short  View  of  both  Reports  [of  the  Trustees], 
in  relation  to  the  Irish  Forfeitures.     London,  1701." 

2.  "  A  Letter  to  a  Member  of  Parliament  relating  to 
the  Irish  Forfeitures.     London,  1701." 

3.  "  Jus  Regium  ;  or,  the  King's  Right  to  grant  For- 
feitures, &c.     London,  1701." 

4.  "  Short  Remarks  upon  the  late  Act  of  Resumption 
of  the  Irish  Forfeitures,  and  upon  the  Manner  of  putting 
that  Act  in  execution.     London,  1701." 

5.  "  Some  Remarks  upon  a  late  Scandalous  Pamphlet, 
entituled  'An  Address  of  some  Irish-Folks  to  the  House 
of  Commons  [s.  1.].    1702." 

6.  "  The  Secret  History  of  the  Trust,  &c.     London, 
1702." 

7.  "  Proposals  for  raising  a  Million  of  Money  out  of  the 
Forfeited  Estates  in  Ireland.     Dublin,  1704." 

ABHBA. 

KNIGHTS  OF  THE  ROUND  TABLE  AND  OSSIAN'S 
POEMS.  —  Have  any  traces  been  discovered,  in  the 
Celtic  literature  of  Scotland,  of  the  traditions  re- 
lating to  the  Knights  of  the  Round  Table,  which 
have  recently  become  the  subject  of  so  much 
learned  research  among  the  Celtic  scholars  of 
England  and  France,  but  with  whose  works  I 
have  very  slender  acquaintance  ?  While  touching 
on  the  subject  of  Celtic  literature  permit  me  to 
add  that  I  saw  lately  in  a  German  periodical  two 
elaborate  articles  intended  to  prove,  from  internal 
evidence,  the  authenticity  of  Ossian's  Poems.  Can 
nny  of  your  readers  state  whether  a  similar  line 
of  argument  has  been  taken  by  any  English  writer 
since  the  time  of  Blair,  and  with  what  success  ? 

SCRUTATOR. 

BISHOP  BEDELL'S  FORM  or  INSTITUTION.  —  In 
Clogy's  MS.  "  Life  of  Bishop  Bedell,"  the  follow- 
ing form  of  institution  to  a  living,  in  the  diocese 
of  Kilmore,  is  given  :  — 

"  Inductus  fuit  introscriptus  A.  C.  in  realem  posses- 
sionem  Ecclesiae  Parochialis  de  Dyne  (q.  Byile"),  12  die 
Nov.  1637,  a  me  Guielmo  Kilmorefis.  Episcopo.  His  psen- 
tibus." 

To  what  living  or  parish  does  this  form  of  in- 
stitution refer  ?  B.  A.  B. 

JOHN  HOLT'S  "  LAC  PUERORUM,  OR  MYLKE  FOR 
CHYLDREN." — Is  it  known  where  a  copy  of  this 
rare  volume  exists  ?  There  was  one  in  the  Heber 
Collection,  but  to  whom  it  was  sold  I  know  not  ?* 

MAGDALENENSIS. 

NORWEGIAN  AND  THE  ROSE.  —  In  chap.  iii.  of 
•     Patrick's  Advice  to  a  Friend,  the  following  passage 
occurs : — 

"  The  poor  Norwegian,  whom  stories  tell  of,  was  afraid 
to  touch  roses  when  he  first  saw  them,  for  fear  they 
should  burn  his  fingers." 

What  authority  is  there  for  this  anecdote  ? 

II.  J.  MATHEWS. 

[*  It  sold  for  SI,  129.  —  Ep7J~ 


"  OLD  AND  NEW  WEEK'S  PREPARATION." — Who 
was  Keble,  the  author  of  the  Old  Week's  Prepar- 
ation f*  Who  was  the  author  of  the  New  Week's 
Preparation  ?  H.  J,  MATHEWS. 

CAMPBELL  OF  MONZIE. — Will  SCOTUS,  whose 
plan  (2nd  S.  ix.  158.)  is  an  admirable  one,  kindly 
inform  me  which  of  the  works  he  refers  to  con- 
tains a  notice  of  the  Campbells  of  Monzie,  which 
is  one  of  the  families  he  mentions?  I  am  anxious 
to  know  how  the  estate  descended  to  James  Camp- 
bell, son  of  the  Rev.  Colin  Campbell,  minister  of 
Gask,  Perthshire,  circa  1700. 

I  should  also  like  to  know  if  he  has  met  with 
any  notice  of  James  Baird,  secretary  to  Lord 
Chancellor  Seafield  at  the  time  of  the  Union,  who 
is  understood  to  have  taken  a  considerable  share 
in  the  management  of  affairs  at  that  time.  2.  0. 

MOURNING  OF  QUEENS  FOR  THEIR  HUSBANDS.—- 
In  Buchanan's  Detectio  Maries  Scotorum  Regincc, 
the  following  passage  occurs  in  reference  to  the 
behaviour  of  Queen  Mary  immediately  after  the 
death  of  her  husband  Darnley  :  — 

"  Nam,  cum  in  more  esset,  a  priscis  usque  tempovibus, 
ut,reginae,  post  maritorum  obitum,  quadraginta  dies  non 
modo  coetu  hominum,  sed  lucis  etiam  abstinerent  aspectu, 
simulatum  quidem  luctum  est  aggressa:  sed  animi  supe- 
rante  laetitia,  foribus  quidem  clausis,  fenestras  aperit;  et 
abjecta  lugubri  veste,  intra  quartum  diem  solem  coelumque 
aspicere  sustinuit.  Illud  incommode  prorsus  evenit,  quod 
cum  Henricus  Kilgreus,  ab  Anglorum  Regina  ad  earn 
consolandam  (ut  mos  est)  venisset,  pota  simulationis 
scena  ab  homine  peregrino  detecta  est.  Nam  cum  Ke- 
ginse  jussu  in  palatium  venisset,  quanquam  homo  diu  in 
aulis  principum  versatus,  ac  minime  praeceps,  nihil  pro- 
peranter  ageret ;  tamen  adeo  inopportune,  theatro  nondum 
ornato,  intervenit,  ut  fenestras  apertas,  lumina  vixdum 
accensa,  casterum  histrionicum  apparatum  disjectura  de- 
prehenderit." —  Opera,  ed.  1725,  4to.,  vol.  i.  p.  75. 

Was  the  custom  here  described,  of  a  widowed 
queen  shutting  herself  up  in  the  dark  for  forty 
days,  peculiar  to  Scotland?  or  did  it  obtain  in 
other  European  kingdoms  ? 

Was  the  widow's  quarantine,  recognised  by  the 
English  law  (  2  Blackstone,  135.),  connected  with 
this  custom  ?  L, 

HERALDIC  QUERY. — To  what  family  do,  or  did, 
the  following  arms  belong  ?  Sa.  a  chevron  arg. 
between  three*  castles.  Crest,  a  goat's  head  out  of 
a  ducal  coronet  ?  J. 

"  RIDE"  v.  "  DRIVE."  —  Permit  me  to  send  in  a 
Query  for  your  valuable  work  :  —  Is  the  use  of 
the  word  drive,  and  not  ride,  proper  in  all  cases 
where  a  vehicle  is  the  mode  of  locomotion  ?  The 
latter  word  being  applicable  to  cases  only  where  a 
horse  is  used,  thus  :  "  I  take  a  drive  in  the  park," 
but,  if  a  person  wishes  to  say,  "  I  shall  go  in  the 
omnibus,"  would  it  be  proper  to  say,  "  I  shall  not 


[*  Samuel  Keble  was  simply  the  publisher  of  the  Old 
Week's  Preparation.    See  "  N.  &  Q."  1s*  S.  x.  234.  —  ED.] 


*  S.  IX.  APRIL  28.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


327 


walk,  but  shall  ride  in  the  omnibus;"  or,  as  a 
farmer's  wife  might  tell  you,  "I  rode  with  my 
neighbour  in  his  cart  to  market"  ?  Are  these 
both  wrong  ?  Ought  the  word  drive  to  be  sub- 
stituted for  ride  ?  DERBYSHIRE  CLUB. 

PASSAGE  IN  MENANDER.  —  The  following  is 
ascribed  to  Menander  in  La  Gnomologia,  Roma, 
1781.  A  reference  to  the  Greek  will  oblige 

A.  E. 

"  Bucna  parte  degli  uomini  si  vergognano, 
Allorche  non  occorre,  e  allot  che  poi 
Si  dovrian  vergognar,  non  ban  ropore." 

ROBERT  ROBINSON  OF  EDINBURGH.  —  I  should 
be  much  obliged  if  any  of  your  Scotch  correspon- 
dents could  tell  me  where  this  architect,  who  was 
younger  brother  of  William  Robinson  of  London, 
died.  He  was  living  in  1752.  C.  J.  ROBINSON. 

SONG  WANTED.  —  Can  any  of  your  correspon- 
dents inform  me  where  I  can  meet  with  the  song 
written  by  Capt.  James  Dawson,  on  his  own  mis- 
fortunes? Capt.  Dawson  belonged  to  the  Man- 
chester regiment  of  Volunteers,  and  was  hanged 
on  Kennington  Common  in  1746. 

C.  J.  D.  INGLEDEW. 

North  Allerton. 

HUNTERCOMBE  HOUSE,  co.  BUCKS.  —  I  read 
somewhere  lately  that  this  house  furnished  Miss 
Jane  Porter  with  the  scene  of  one  of  her  novels. 
Query,  which  of  them  ?  J.  K. 


HOME  OF  NINEWELLS. — Wanted  the  names  of 
the  brothers  and  sisters  of  David  Hume,  the  phi- 
losopher. 2.  0. 

[Ritchie,  in  his  Life  of  David  Hume,  p.  3.,  states, 
"That  his  father  died  while  our  historian  was  an  infant, 
and  left  the  care  of  him,  his  elder  brother  Joseph,  and 
sister  Catharine  to  their  mother,  who,  although  still  in  the 
bloom  of  life,  devoted  herself  to  the  education  of  her  chil- 
dren with  a  laudable  assiduity."  Burton,  however,  in 
his  Life  of  David  Hume,  says  his  elder  brother's  name 
was  John,  to  whom  the  histoVian  left  the  bulk  of  his  for- 
tune. To  his  sister^he  bequeathed  1200/.] 

"  ORIGINAL,  POEMS,  on  Several  Occasions,  by 
C.  R.,  4to.,  1769."  This  volume  was  written  by  a 
lady ;  at  the  end  of  the  book  is  "  Ruth,"  an  ora- 
torio. Is  any  information  to  be  had  regarding 
the  authoress  from  the  Dedication  (if  there  be 
one),  the  Preface,  or  any  of  the  poems  ?  X. 

[The  authoress  was  Miss  Clara  Reeve,  eldest  daughter 
of  the  Rev.  \Vm.  Reeve,  of  St.  Nicholas,  Ipswich.  Miss 
Reeve  died  on  the  3rd  Dec.  1807,  and  some  account  of  her 
literary  productions  will  be  found  in  the  Gent.  Mag., 
Supp.,  1807,  p.  1233.] 

MRS.  FITZ HENRY.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
help  me  to  some  information  regarding  Mrs.  E. 
Fitzhenry,  an  actress  during  the  last  century  ? 


And  also  what  relation  she  stood  in  at  one  time  to 
the  Lord  Russborough  of  the  period  ? 

AN  OLD  ACTOR. 

[If  our  correspondent  wishes  for  information  regarding 
Mrs.  Mary  Fitzhenry,  the  celebrated  actress,  he  will  find 
it  in  the  European  Magazine,  xxv.  413. ;  The  Thespian 
Dictionary,  «.  v. ;  and  Genest's  History  of  the  Stage,  x. 
539.  It  does  not  appear  from  these  notices  of  that  lady, 
whose  maiden  name  was  Flannigan,  and  whose  father 
kept  the  Old  Ferry  Boat  publichouse  at  the  lower  end  of 
Abbey  Street,  Dublin,  that  she  was  in  any  way  related  to 
Lord  Russborough.  She  died  in  1790.] 

UHLAND'S  DRAMATIC  POEMS.  —  There  is  an 
English  translation  of  the  Poems  of  L.  Uhland, 
the  German  poet,  by  A.  Platt,  8vo.,  1848.  Would 
you  give  me  the  names  of  the  dramatic  poems 
translated  into  English  ?  X. 

[The  dramatic  poems  are  entitled:  —  1.  Schildeis,  & 
Fragment.  2.  The  Serenade.  3.  A  Norman  Custom, 
dedicated  to  Baron  de  la  Motte  Fouqud  4.  Conradin,  a 
Fragment.  Scene,  the  sea-coast  near  Naples.] 


THE  PROPOSED  TAYLOR  CLUB. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  196.289.) 

One  of  the  supporters  of  this  design  having  kindly 
referred  to  me,  perhaps  you  will  permit  me  to  say 
a  few  words  on  the  subject,  the  rather  as  the 
works  of  the  Water-Poet  have  engaged  my  occa- 
sional attention  for  many  years. 

Although  it  would  probably  be  impossible  to 
accumulate  a  complete  collection  of  Taylor's  fugi- 
tive pieces,  yet  a  long  series  might  readily  be 
formed  with  advantage,  omitting  a  few  where  the 
merits  or  literary  importance  are  not  sufficient  to 
form  an  excuse  for  the  nature  of  the  contents. 

At  the  same  time,  it  may  be  doubted  whether  it 
be  worth  while  to  set  in  movement  the  machinery 
of  a  Club  or  Society  to  accomplish  any  special 
object  of  this  kind.  Those  who  know  from  ex- 
perience the  difficulties  attending  the  efficient 
working  of  even  a  small  Society  will,  I  suspect, 
corroborate  my  doubt  of  the  feasibility  of  the  plan 
suggested. 

If,  however,  such  a  Club  be  formed,  and  in 
efficient  operation,  I  will  willingly  render  any 
assistance  in  my  power.  It  is  for  the  suggestors 
of  the  design  to  say  whether  it  can  be  so  carried 
out,  or  whether  their  purpose  would  be  answered 
were  I  to  include  Taylor  in  the  list  of  authors 
whose  works  are  intended  to  be  published  in  a 
design  I  now  proceed  to  mention. 

Some  months  ago  I  drew  up  a  prospectus  (a 
copy  of  which  I  enclose),  with  the  object  of  com- 
mencing a  series  of  cheap  reprints  issued  uni- 
formly with  the  publications  of  the  late  Percy 
Society.  Instead,  however,  of  imitating  the  mis-: 
cellaneous  character  of  that  Society's  publications, 
my  object  was  and  is  to  form  complete  sets  of  the 


328 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


g.  IX.  APRIL  28.  '60. 


works  of  such  writers  as  Greene,  Breton,  Rich, 
Lodge,  Munday,  Churchyard,  Decker,  Nash, 
Rowlands,  and  other  of  their  contemporaries.  It 
occurred  to  me  that  a  series,  issued  so  that  any 
one  could  subscribe  at.  pleasure  for  a  single  re- 
print, or  a  selection,  or  for  the  whole,  would  be 
more  satisfactory  than  attempting  to  form  a  new 
Society.  My  leisure  is  too  limited  to  enable  me  to 
add  more  than  those  bibliographical  notices  which 
the  reading  of  years  has  placed  ready  to  my 
hand,  but  the  texts  are  really  all  that  people  care 
about.  If  the  project  meets  with  the  approbation 
of  the  Editor  and  readers  of  "  N.  £  Q.,"  I  should 
be  inclined  to  commence  it  forthwith,  and  would 
gladly  receive  any  communications  on  the  subject, 
addressed  to  me  at  No.  6.  St.  Mary's  Place,  West 
Brompton,  near  London.  J.  O.  HALLIWELL. 

[We  think  so  well  of  Mr.  Halliwell's  plan,  and  agree 
so  entirely  with  him  in  opinion  that  carefully  reproduced 
Texts  "are  really  all  that  people  care  about,"  that  We 
have  adopted  his  suggestion,  and  sent  our  names  as  sub- 
scribers to  Mr.  Richards,  37.  Great  Queen  Street,  Lin- 
com's-Inn-Fields ;  and,  in  tke  hopes  that  other  lovers  of* 
our  old  literature  will  encourage  the  scheme,  we  here  re- 
print Mr.  Halliwell's  Prospectus. 

It  is  obvious  that  when  once  the  work  is  in  operation 
other  books  will  suggest  themselves  for  republication. 
A  reprint  of  Harsenefs  Discoverie,  for  instance,  would 
be  welcome  to  a  verv  large  class  of  readers.  —  ED.  "  N. 
&Q."J 

"  Tlie  Percy  Library. 

"  Daily  experience  in  Avhat  is  required  for  reference  in 
Shaksperian  criticism  convinces  me  that  a  series  of  re- 
prints of  our  early  literature,  on  a  more  comprehensive 
scale  than  has  yet  been  attempted,  is  desirable.  It  is 
proposed,  therefore,  under  the  general  title  of '  The  Percy 
Library,'  but  each  piece  to  be  a  separate  publication  in 
itself,  to  reprint  the  chief  works  of  such  writers  as 
Greene,  Breton,  Rich,  Lodge,,  Munday,  Churchyard, 
Decker,  Nash,  Rowlands,  and  other  contemporary  popu- 
lar authors.  By  issuing  these  at  a  small  price,  a  few 
shillings  each,  it  is  hoped  that  a  sufficient  number  of 
copies  will  be  sold  to  warrant  the  continuation  of  the 
design. 

"  My  leisure  will  not  allow  me  to  add  notes,  or  to  do 
more  than  give  a  few  preliminary  pages  of  bibliogra- 
phical notice  to  each  piece.  This  is,  indeed,  all  that  is 
really  required ;  for  it  should  be  borne  in  mind  that  these 
tracts,  however  quaint  and  curious,  are  less  valuable  as 
compositions,  than  as  useful  to  students  for  special  pur- 
poses. 

"These  reprints  will  be  printed  uniformly  with  the 
publications  of  the  Percy  Society,  bv  Mr.  Richards,  the 
excellent  printer  to  that  Society,  who  will  also  be  the 
publisher. 

"  Those  who  wish  to  have  complete  sets,  and  subscribe 
to  the  series,  will  oblige  by  giving  their  names  as  soon  as 
convenient.  Such  subscribers  will  receive  copies  by  post 
before  publication. 

"  I  should  feel  obliged  by  any  suggestions  in  respect  to 
the  selection  of  works  for  publication,  or  for  any  infor- 
mation regarding  old  books  in  private  hands  which  are 
worthy  of  being  reprinted. 

"  J.  0.  HALLIWELL. 

"  No.  6.  St.  Mary's  Place, 
"  West  Brompton,  near  London." 


A  BOOK  PRINTED  AT  HOLYROOD  HOUSE. 
(2  'd  S.  ix.  263.) 

Among  the  suicidal  acts  of  the  rash  and  impru- 
dent James  VII.  was  the  establishment  by  him  of 
a  Popish  seminary  or  college  within  the  precincts 
of  Holy  rood  House  ;  where,  by  an  unlawful  stretch 
of  the  prerogative,  the  Jesuits,  under  royal  au- 
thority, openly  inculcated  Romish  principles  in 
direct  defiance  of  the  laws  of  these  kingdoms. 

Not  satisfied  with  this  innovation,  the  infatuated 
James  farther  made  provision  to  insure  a  supply 
of  Popish  books  for  his  Propaganda  by  appoint- 
ing "James  Watson  Pi-inter  to  His  Majesty's 
Household,  College,  and  Chappel"  there.  Wat- 
son, who  was  father  to  the  better  known  printer 
of  the  same  names  of  a  later  period,  died  in  1687, 
after  a  very  brief  enjoyment  of  his  spurious  li- 
cences ;  when  the  Romish  press  fell  into  the  hands 
of  an  alien,  one  Peter  Bruce,  and  thenceforth  the 
Holyrood  imprints  run  —  "  Printed  by  Mr.  P.  B., 
Enginier"  —  who  in  like  manner  describes  himself 
as  specially  retained  for  the  same  snug  coterie  in 
that  royal  locality.  To  outward  appearance  there 
seemed  to  have  been  a  most  unaccountable  apathy 
or  subserviency  on  the  part  of  the  Scotch  while 
these  Jesuitical  proceedings  to  deprive  them  of  re- 
ligious liberty  were  in  progress  ;  but  as  far  as  the 
bulk  of  the  people  were  concerned,  it  was  only 
the  spirit  of  Knox  in  abeyance  :  for  we  are  told 
that  with  the  Revolution  came  a  wave  of  Coven- 
anting zeal  which  nothing  could  withstand  ;  and 
on  the  10th  Dec.  1688,  the  culminating  point  of 
endurance  having  been  reached,  the  Edinburgh 
populace  broke  into  Holyrood  House,  where  Mes- 
ton,  the  Popish  Butler,  says  they 

"  .        .        furiously,  with  sword  in  hand, 
From  superstition  purg'd  the  land  ; 
With  pitchforks,  scythes,  and  such  like  tools, 
Reform'd  Kirks,  Colleges,  and  Schools,"  — 

scattering  the  College  of  Jesuits,  demolishing  the 
costly  chapel,  and  for  ever  silencing  the  Holyrood 
press  ! 

But  my  purpose  was  to  note  a  few  of  the  pro- 
ductions of  this  press,  which  I  hope  your  corre- 
spondents in  the  North  will  add  to,  and  correct 
where  needed  :  — 

1.  "  Sure  Characters,"  &c.    (This  I  hear  of  for  the  first 
time  in  "  N.  &  Q.")    1687. 

2.  «  The  Hind  and  Panther.    4to.    Watson.     1687." 

3.  "  Tho  Following  of  Christ.   By  T.  k  Kempis.  1687." 

4.  "  Faith  of  the  Cath.  Church  concerning  the  Eucha- 
rist invincibly  proved.     1687." 

5.  "  A  Manuall  of  Prayers.     1688." 

6.  "  The  Christian  Diurnall." 

7.  "  A  Pastoral  Letter  from  the  4  Cath.  Bishops  to  the 
Lay-  Catholics  of  England.     P.  B.     1688." 

8.  "  Reasons  for  Abrogating  the  Test.    By  Bp,  Parker. 
1688." 


The  chef'tfauvre  of  these  was  Dryden's 
which  Macaulay  says  was  brought  out  with  every 
advantage  Royal  patronage  could  give,   and  a 


S.  IX.  APRIL  28.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


329 


superb  edition  was  printed  for  Scotland  at  the 
Romvn  Catholic  Press  established  at  Holyrood 
House. 

The  reader  of  this  Note  will  be  reminded  of  a 
contemporary  series  of  Popish  books  printed  in 
London,  under  a  similar  privilege,  and  for  a  like 
treasonable  purpose  :  the  printer  in  this  case  was 
one  H.  Hills,  who  seems  to  have  turned  Papist  to 
qualify  for  the  office  of  King's  Printer.  John 
Evelyn,  however,  put  a  spoke  in  his  wheel ;  for 
when  all  was  tending  Rome-wards,  he  courage- 
ously defied  the  Court  Jesuits  by  refusing  to 
affix  the  seals  he  was  entrusted  with  to  a  docquet 
placed  before  him,  securing  for  this  pervert  a 
lease  of  twenty-one  years  to  print  missals  and 
other  books  expressly  forbid  by  acts  of  parlia- 
ment. J.  0. 


THE  CODEX  SINATTICUS. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  274.) 

The  REV.  JOHN  WILLIAMS  asks  for  information 
respecting  the  celebrated  MS.  of  the  Greek  Bible 
recently  discovered  by  Dr.  Tischendorf.  As  you 
cannot  be  expected  to  reproduce  the  entire  nar- 
•  rative,  allow  me  to  forward  a  summary  of  it  from 
the  transactions  of  the  Anglo-Biblical  Institute  : 

"  Mr.  Cowper  gave  an  account  of  the  late  important 
discoveries  made  by  Dr.  Tischendorf,  of  which  the  follow- 
ing is  a  summary:  — 

"  MS.  Discovery  by  Dr.  Tischendorf. 

"  In  a  letter  written  by  him  at  Cairo,  and  dated  March 
15th,  1859,  Dr.  Tischendorf  gives  an  account  of  a  very 
remarkable  manuscript  which  he  has  had  the  good  for- 
tune to  discover.  The  discovery  appears  to  have  been 
made  in  a  convent  at  the  foot  of  Ghebel  Mousa,  probably 
the  Convent  of  St.  Catharine,  founded  by  Justinian. 
There  he  found  a  MS.  consisting  of  346  leaves  of  parch- 
ment, of  large  size,  with  four  columns  to  a  page,  and 
written  in  a  character  which  Dr.  Tischendorf  believes 
indubitably  fixes  its  date  at  the  middle  of  the  fourth 
century.  The  contents  of  this  volume  are  as  follows: 
the  chief  part  of  the  greater  and  lesser  prophets,  in 
Greek ;  the  Psalms,  the  Book  of  Job,  Jesus  Sirach,  the 
Wisdom  of  Solomon,  and  several  others  of  the  Old  Testa- 
ment Apocrypha.  These  are  followed  by  the  whole  of 
the  New  Testament,  of  which  not  a  'leaflet'  is  absent,  a 
circumstance  which  will  give  it  the  pre-eminence  among 
all  known  MSS.  of  the  new  canon.  Appended  to  the 
Biblical  books  is  a  complete  copy  of  the  Epistle  of  Bar- 
nabas, which  now  appears  for  the  first  time  entire,  the 
Greek  text  of  the  first  five  chapters  having  hitherto  been 
unknown.  Finally,  fifty-two  columns  of  the  Pastor  of 
Hermas  were  found,  apparently  belonging  to  the  larger 
volume,  although  not  now  attached  to  it.  This  contains 

2  first  part  of  Hermas,  of  the  Greek  of  which  little  has 
hitherto  been  known. 

"  Of  the  entire  MS.  Dr.  Tischendorf  is  having  an  accu- 
rate transcript  made,  which  he  says  will  consist  of  132,000 
lines,  and  which,  through  the  liberality  of  the  Russian 
government,  at  whose  expense  he  travels,  he  hopes 
shortly  to  be  enabled  to  publish." 

A  fuller  narrative  is  contained  in  the  Journal 
of  Sacred  Literature  for  July,  1859,  pp.  392-3.  It 


also  appeared  in  the  Clerical  Journal,  the  Literary 
Churchman,  and  the  Daily  Telpgruph  in  one  form 
or  another,  as  well  as  in  other  periodicals.  The 
Telegraph  of  December  22  contained  a  detailed 
account  of  Dr.  Tischendorf's  discoveries,  and  I 
believe  a  still  later  statement  was  printed  in  the 
Record.  As  far  as  I  can  ascertain,  no  account 
has  yet  appeared  of  the  peculiar  readings  of  the 
Codex  Sinaiticus,  as  it  has  been  christened ;  and, 
by  the  way,  we  have  in  the  British  Museum  a 
MS.  with  this  name,  brought  over  by  John 
Covell  in  the  times  of  Charles  II.  B.  H.  C. 

P.S.  I  fear  that  Dominus  regnavit  a  ligno  can- 
not be  supported.  Anyone  who  looks  at  the 
Hebrew  text  will  see,  I  think,  that  it  is  an  error. 

jntporrtiK  ijta  ™n>-   The  tnird  word  (*]*<)  uas 

been  evidently  confounded  with  |>X,  a  tree,  and  a 
preposition  supplied.  The  form  of  the  word  e§a- 
cri\fvcrev  in  Codex  j9,  i.e.  terminating  with  v  before 
a  consonant,  is  so  common  in  that  MS.  as  well  as 
in  Codex  A  and  others,  that  no  weight  whatever 
can  be  attached  to  it.  The  question  is  an  inter- 
esting one,  and  if  my  idea  of  the  origin  of  the  read- 
ing is  correct,  we  have  here  another  evidence  of 
the  facility  with  which  important  variations  may 
arise. 


ARCHBISHOP  KING'S  BURIAL. 
(1st  S.  vii.  430. ;  2nd  S.  i.  148.) 

William  King,  D.D.,  Archbishop  of  Dublin, 
was  interred,  in  the  year  1729,  in  the  churchyard 
of  Donny brook,  near  Dublin  (on  the  north  side, 
as  he  had  directed  in  his  lifetime)  ;  but  no  monu- 
ment or  other  memorial  of  him  who  was  so  bright 
an  ornament  of  the  Irish  Church  can  now  be  dis- 
covered in  that  locality.  Having  lately  met  with 
some  particulars  of  his  death  and  burial  in  an  old 
and  very  curious  Irish  newspaper,  the  Dublin  In- 
telligence (sundry  numbers  of  which  are  preserved 
in  the  library  of  the  Royal  Dublin  Society,  in  one 
volume  folio,  dating  from  7th  January,  172^,  to 
18th  November,  1731),  I  think  it  well  to  send 
two  or  three  extracts,  which,  I  have  no  doubt, 
will  prove  interesting  to  many  readers  of  "  N.  & 
Q."  The  Dublin  Intelligence  may  indeed  be  pro- 
nounced "  a  scarce  publication." 

The  following  paragraph  is  from  the  number 
for  10th  May,  1729:  — 

"  The  town  [Dublin]  is  almost  as  if  a  general  calamity 
had  happened,  so  deeply  is  the  loss  taken,  by  our  citizens, 
of  the  Most  Reverend  Father  in  God  Wm.  King,  Lord 
Archbishop  of  Dublin,  Primate  and  Metropolitan  of  all 
Ireland,  who  died  at  4  o'clock  this  afternoon  [8th  inst.] 
at  his  Palace  of  St.  Sepulchre's,  in  a  very  advanced  age, 
truly  lamented  by  those  who  were  so  happy  as  to  be  of 
his  Lordship's  acquaintance,  or  came  to  the  knowledge  of 
his  many  virtues,  having  all  the  good  qualities  necessary 
for  making  the  greatest  figure  in  life,  the  best  patriot, 
truest  friend  to  his  country,  of  the  most  extensive  charity, 


330 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  APRIL  28.  '60. 


great  piety,  and  profound  learning.  He  died  as  he  lived, 
as  a  saint,  leaving  his  possessions  mostly  to  be  distri- 
buted for  charitable  uses,  and  but  little  more  than  his 
coach  and  cattle  to  defray  the  expenses  of  his  funeral  so- 
lemnity  This  evening  [-10th  inst]  at  4  o'clock 

the  corps  of  his  Grace  the  Archbishop  of  Dublin  is  to  be 
interr'd,  according  to  his  desire,  at  Donnebrooke,  a  little 
pleasant  village  about  a  mile  from  this  city,  in  a  tomb 
prepar'd  for  that  purpose,  under  the  direction  and  ma- 
nagement of  Will.  Hawkins,  Esq.,  our  King-at-Arms. 
Nothing  has  been  heard  hardly  for  these  two  days  past 
but  laments  for  his  loss,  he  being  in  the  publick  opinion 
the  best  friend  to  this  nation  that  ever  enjoy'd  such  a 
dignity  in  it.  Tis  talk'd  that  he  will  be  succeeded  by 
the  Bishop  of  Killmore,  or  Derry,  gentlemen  of  excellent 
characters,  both  for  piety  and  learning.  [His  successor 
was  John  Hoadley,  D.D.,  Bishop  of  Ferns  and  Leighlin.3 
His  Grace  was  83  years  old  and  11  days." 

In  the  number  for  the  13th  instant  is  the  follow- 
ing information  :  — 

"Saturday  night  last  the  remains  of  our  ArchBp.  was 
interr'd  at  Donebrooke,  in  a  very  decent  though  plain 
manner,  being  accompany'd  thither  by  most  of  our  nobi- 
lity and  gentry,  and  thousands  of  our  citizens.  The  corps 
was  put  above  2  foot  under  water,  in  a  grave  9  foot  deep, 
over  which  we  hear  a  monument  will  be  erected." 

And  in  the  number  for  15th  August,  1730:  — 

"  On  Tuesday  last  died  the  Revd  Dr.  Ducat  [Robert 
Dougatt,  M.A.,  who,  having  been  appointed  to  the  arch- 
deaconry of  Dublin  in  1715,  resigned  it  in  1719  for  the 
precentorship  of  St.  Patrick's  Cathedral],  nephew  to  the 
late  A.Bp.  of  Dublin,  minister  of  St.  Andrew's  Church, 
&c.  And  on  Thursday  night  last  he  was  interr'd  at 
Donr.ebroke,  with  his  uncle,  where,  'tis  said,  a  stately 
monument  will  be  erected  over  them." 

I  have  no  means  of  knowing  whether  the  monu- 
ment was  erected;  but  certain  I  am  that  for  many 
years  past  it  has  not  been  forthcoming,  and  that 
the  exact  position  of  Archbishop  King's  grave 
cannot  now  be  discovered.  His  burial,  and  that 
of  "  Robert  Dougket,  Lale  AD.,"  are  duly  re- 
corded in  the  parish  register  of  Donnybrook. 

ABHBA. 

NAPOLEON  III.  (2nd  S.  ix.  306.)  — Your  corre- 
spondent A.  cannot  be  aware  that  the  present 
Emperor  of  the  French,  Charles  Louis  Napoleon, 
had  an  elder  brother,  Napoleon  Louis.  It  was 
the  elder  brother  who  married  his  cousin  Char- 
lotte, Joseph's  daughter.  S. 

SPLINTER-BAR  (2nd  S.  ix.  284.)  —  In  the  notes 
which  you  have  done  me  the  honour  to  insert, 
under  "  English  Etymologies,"  there  occurs  a 
misprint  which  perhaps  it  is  as  well  to  notice. 

I  must  allow  that  technical  words,  like  proper 
names,  ought  to  be  written  with  extra  care  ;  and 
it  is  probably  through  my  fault  that  feetshells  is 
printed  instead  of  futchells.  Your  printer,  per- 
haps, rather  deserves  credit  for  making  something 
so  like  a  real  word  of  it.  Why  these  "  longitudi- 
nal timbers  supporting  the  splinter-bar,"  as  Adams 
calls  them,  should  be  so  named,  it  is  beyond  me 
to  say.  It  might,  perhaps,  be  made  the  subject 


of  another  Query.  Felton  spells  it  with  one  I, 
Futchel.  Has  the  word  any  connexion  with  the 
futtocks  of  naval  architecture,  or  with  futtock 
shrouds  in  the  rigger's  department?  Johnson 
says  futtocks  are  a  corruption  of  foot  hooks,  but  if 
so  they  must  have  been  "  named  by  the  godfathers 
of  the  Serpentine  River,  who  gave  it  that  name 
because  it  was  neither  serpentine  nor  a  river." 
Fust  is,  I  believe,  used  as  an  architectural  term 
for  the  shaft  of  a  column,  and  the  equivalent 
French  fut  means  also  a  gunstock.  A  futchel  is 
not  unlike  a  gunstock  in  shape,  but  it  also  is  to 
the  pole  pretty  much  what  the  stock  is  to  the 
barrel  of  a  musket  or  fowling-piece.  Futaie  is  a 
forest  of  high  trees  as  distinguished  from  a  mixed 
wood  or  from  a  coppice.  J.  P.  O. 

TINTED  PAPER  (2nd  S.  ix.  121.)— The  fatal  ob- 
jection to  tinted  papers  is  not  the  extra  cost, 
which  would  not  probably  exceed  the  per-centage 
named  by  your  correspondent,  but  the  fugitive 
nature  of  the  colouring  matters  eligible  for  tinting 
paper,  and  this  applies  particularly  to  the  most 
agreeable  tints. 

Sober  buff,  being  formed  of  the  oxide  of  iron, 
is  about  the  only  one  that  does  not  change. 

If  your  correspondent  will  try  a  small  experi- 
ment, by  exposing  to  the  action  of  the  air  the 
halves  of  several  pieces  of  tinted  papers,  keeping 
the  other  portions  covered,  he  will  soon  perceive 
the  disagreeable  result  in  partial  discolorations. 

W.  STONES. 

Blackheath. 

DERIVATION  OF  ERYSIPELAS  (2nd  S.  i.  73.  122. 
200.  276.)  —  On  a  former  occasion  (2nd  S.  v. 
466.),  an  old  book  was  the  means  of  verifying 
MR.  E.  S.  TAYLOR'S  happy  guess  as  to  the  deriva- 


is  there  spelt  Erisipella,  and  in  another  place 
B.isipella,  i.e.  quasi  Rysipella  or  Russipella,  which 
would  be  from  Russus  =  Rufus  =  'EpvOp6s  =  red, 
and  Pellis  =  Tlf\\a  or  HcAAoy  =  skin,  0  and  a 
being  commutable  letters.  CLAMMILD. 

Athenaeum  Club. 

TROMP'S  WATCH  (I8t  S.  x.  307.)  </>2— <f>  writes 
in  the  Navorscher,  vi.  p.  25. :  — 

"  I  have  inquired  after  George  Booth,  the  last  known 
possessor  of  our  Dutch  Admiral's  time-keeper:  but  at 
Brooklyn  in  the  United  States,  where  Ebor  supposes  the 
man  to  have  died,  the  registers  of  death  (as  far  as  could 
be  therefrom  learned)  do  not  mention  such  a  name  —  at 
least  not  amongst  those  of  people  that  of  late  have  died. 
Perhaps  —  my  informant  wrote  me  —  Booth  deceased  at 
Brookline  in  Massachusetts." 

The  Query    to  which  the  above  refers  is  in- 
scribed  Van  Tramp's  Watch.     It  is  strange,  that, 
whilst  the  English  cut 
name,  calling  him  "  Ruyter, 


rt  of  de  Ruyter's 
they  add  a  word  to 


2»i  S.  IX.  AVKIL  28.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


331 


Tromp's,  and  persist  in  speaking  of  "  Van ' 
Tromp.  Do  the  English  think,  that,  by  their 
augmenting  the  latter  and  diminishing  the  former 
the  hero  of  Chatham  will  be  eclipsed  by  Monk's 
antagonist,  the  hero  of  ter  Heyde  (Aug.  1653)  ? 

J.  H.  VAN  LENNEP 
Zeyst,  near  Utrecht. 

THE  FRENCH  ALPHABET,  A  DRAMA  (2nd  S.  i. 
284.)  —  The  French  pun  your  correspondent  F. 
C.  II.  refers  to,  is  not  "  a  nursery  rhyme,"  or  " 
fragment  of  some  French  verses  on  the  Alpha- 
bet," but  a  French  Drama  in  one  Act,  composed 
out  of  the  letters  of  the  Alphabet,  as  they  follow 
in  order.  It  should  be  read  thus  :  — 

"AbbeM  cedez!  Eh-eff,j'ai  hache!  Ikael  aimeEnno; 
Pequ  est  reste !  uvx,  ygreczed !  " 

Pequ,  the  hero,  addresses  and  threatens  the 
Abbot,  who  is  the  tyrant  of  the  piece.  Eh-eff, 
one  of  the  Abbot's  creatures,  is  going  to  fly  to  his 
master's  aid,  but  retreats,  warned  "by  a  show  of 
Pequ's  axe.  Now  comes  the  development  of  the 
plot :  Ikael  loves  Enno  ;  Pequ,  who  was  thought 
to  be  far  away,  is  there  to  protect  them !  Uvx 
and  ygrec-zed  don't  "  do  something,"  as  F.  C.  H. 
has  it,  but  are  Pequ's  foreign  guards,  and  are 
perhaps  expected  to  act  the  part  of  your  melo- 
dramatic sailors  in  opposing  the  Abbot's  menials. 

For  further  particulars,  I  must  direct  you  to 
the  Encyclopedic  du  Catembourg,  which  I  quote 
from  recollection.  J.  H.  VAN  LENNEP. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht. 

ANNE  BOLEYN'S  ANCESTRY  (2nd  S.  vii.  147.)  — 
Queen  Elizabeth  was  the  great-great-grandchild 
of  Sir  Geoffrey  Boleyn,  as  will  appear  from  the 
following  pedigree  compiled  from  Blomefield's 
Norfolk,  vol.  iii.  pp.  626—628. 

Geffrey  Boleyn.    Will=Anne,  daughter  and  coheir 
proved  2  July,  1463.    I  of  Thomas  Lord  Hastings. 


Sir  Wil 

Norwich 


liam  Boleyn,  t 
ich  Cathedral, 


.buried  in=Margaret,  daughter  and  coheir  of 
1505.       |    Thomas  Butler,  Earl  of  Ormond. 


Sir  Thomas  Bullen=EHzabeth,  daughter  of  Thomas 
buried  at  Hever.   I    Duke  of  Norfolk. 


Ann  Boleyn=King  Henry  Tin. 

Queen  Elizabeth. 

EXTRANEUS. 

SAINT  E-THAN  OR  Y-THAN  (2nd  S.  ix.  222.) 

The  only  known  saints  whose  names  approach  to 
the  above,  are  St.  Etha,  an  anchorite  at  Crie,  near 
lrork,  who  died  in  767  ;  and  St.  Etha  alias  Tctha, 
or  Theha,  in  whose  name  a  church  is  dedicated  in 
Cornwall.  Whether  the  former  of  these,  or  either 

them,  can  be  the  saint  whose  name  is  given  to 
a  well  in  Scotland  must  I  fear  be  left  to  coniec- 

F.C.H. 

The  saint,  about  whom  MR.  MACDONALD  asks, 
is,  I  make  no  doubt,  the  S.  Ethenanus  com- 


memorated in  the  Aberdeen  Breviary  on  the  2nd 
of  December,  where  it  is  said  of  him  :  —  "  Ether- 
nanus  episcopus  ex  Scotis  non  ignobili  familia 
genitus  —  ecclesiam  de  Rathine  in  Buchanias 
tinibus  omnipotenti  Deo  consecravit  quse  usque 
hodie  in  honore  ipsius  in  presens  dedicata  est." 
For  a  further  account  of  this  saint,  MR.  MAC- 
DONALD,  whose  Query  has  preserved  some  valu- 
able records  of  him,  may  look  into  the  Aberdeen 
Breviary,  a  book  which  will  afford  our  northern 
antiquaries  much  valuable  information  on  most 
questions  connected  with  Scottish  hagiology,  and 
does  so  much  credit  to  the  spirit  of  its  English 
publisher,  Mr.  Toovey,  for  the  splendid  way  in 
which  he  has  brought  it  out.  D.  ROCK. 

Brook  Green,  Hammersmith. 

PASSAGE  FROM  COLERIDGE,  THE  ELDER  (2nd  S. 
i.  254.  403.)  —  It  is  remarkable  that  neither  the 
querist  nor  the  respondent  (H.  B.  C.)  seems  to  be 
aware  that  the  "  learned  and  pious "  divine  re- 
ferred to  was  none  other  than  the  father  of  Samuel 
Taylor  Coleridge.  H.  B.  C.  appears  to  possess 
the  Dissertations  arising  from  the  Seventeenth  and 
Eighteenth  Chapters  of  the  Book  of  Judges,  1758. 
I  am  very  anxious  to  peruse  this  work.  Would 
H.  B.  C.  object  to  lend  me  his  copy?  If  not, 
and  he  would  say  where  he  would  leave  it  out  for 
me,  I  should  be  only  too  happy  to  call  or  send  for 
it.  CLAMMILD. 

Athenaeum  Club. 

EXCISE  OFFICE:  WILLIAM  ROBINSON  (2nd  S. 
yi.  326. ;  ix.  271.)  —  MR.  PAPWORTH,  in  discover- 
ing the  name  of  the  architect  of  the  Excise  Office, 
has  partially  answered  my  request  for  informa- 
tion respecting  William  Robinson.  Can  he  oblige 
me  with  the  names  of  any  other  buildings  de- 
signed by  this  architect,  of  whom  I  shall  be  happy 
to  give  him  all  the  particulars  with  which  I  am 
acquainted?  The  west  side  of  the  old  Royal 
Exchange  was  rebuilt  by  him  in  1767,  and  I  be- 
lieve that  he  was  associated  with  Sir  W.  Cham- 
bers in  building  Somerset  House.  C.  J.  R. 

SIR  WALTER  RALEIGH'S  HOUSE  (2nd  S.  ix.  243.) 
—  Lysons  says  that  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  had  a 
house  and  estate  at  Mitcham,  Surrey ;  but  he  is 
doubtful  whether  he  inherited  the  property  from 
Sir  John  Ralegh  (whose  widow  held  lands  in  this 
parish),  or  in  right  of  his  wife,  who  was  a  daughter 
of  Sir  Nicholas  Throgmorton,  and  had  been  maid 
of  honour  to  Queen  Elizabeth.  The  house  and 
lands  were  sold  in  1616  (when  Sir  Walter  was 
preparing  for  an  expedition  to  Guiana)  to  Thomas 
Plumer,  Esq.,  M.P.  for  Hertfordshire,  for  2500/., 
and  were  eventually  let  to  John  Bond,  Esq.,  whose 
widow  was  in  the  occupation  of  them  in  181 1.  The 
muse  must  not  be  confounded  with  the  house  in 
Mitcham  called  "  Raleigh  House,"  formerly  in 
the  occupation  of  Mr.  Dempster,  who  kept  an 
academy  there  about  1796.  Lysons  does  not  men- 


332 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2ndS.  IX.  APRIL  28. '60. 


tion  any  other  house  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
London  as  having  been  the  residence  of  Sir  Wal- 
ter Raleigh.  See  Lysons'  Environs  of  London, 
1st  edition,  vol.  i.  p.  354. ;  vol.  iv.  p.  600.  ;  and 
Supplement,  p.  47.  W.  H.  W.  T. 

BUCKINGHAMSHIRE  GENTRY  (2n  S.  ix.  243.)  — 
The  list  of  1433,  referred  to  by  Lysons,  is  the  list 
printed  by  Fuller  in  his  Worthies  of  England, 
divided  under  each  county  as  it  occurs.  He  does 
not  state  whence  he  derived  this  document;  but 
under  his  first  county  (Barkshire),  it  is  headed 
"  The  Names  of  the  Gentry  of  this  County,  re- 
turned by  the  Commissioners  in  the  Twelfth  Year 
of  King  Henry  the  Sixth,  1433."  It  would  cer- 
tainly be  desirable  to  ascertain  upon  what  occasion 
this  catalogue  of  the  gentry  was  taken,  and  where 
the  original  is  now  preserved.  In  looking  at  the 
calendar  of  Rymer,  I  do  not  at  once  detect  any 
record  connected  with  it.  J.  G.  1ST. 

DR.  ROBERT  CLAYTON  (2nd  S.  ix.  223.)  —  An 
account  of  this  prelate  may  be  found  in  Thom- 
son's Memoirs  of  the  Court  and  Times  of  George 
the  Second.  He  was  related  to  Mr.  Clayton  (after- 
wards Lord  Sundon),  who  held  the  post  of  De- 
puty Auditor  of  the  Exchequer  in  1716.  His 
wife,  Viscountess  Sandon,  was  the  intimate  friend 
and  adviser  of  the  Queen-Consort  of  George  II. 
Mr.  Clayton  was  descended  from  the  Claytons  of 
Fulwood  in  Lancashire.  Dr.  Clayton,  Bishop  of 
Clogher,  was  a  native  of  Ireland,  his  father  being 
Dean  of  Kildare. 

"  In  a  laudable  but  vain  attempt  to  recover  the 
ancient  Hebrew  character,"  he  drew  attention  to 
the  Written  Mountains,  and  Edward  Wortley 
Montague  made  a  journey  to  the  desert  of  Sinai, 
but  without  success.  Dr.  Clayton  held  during 
his  lifetime  the  bishoprics  of  Killala,  Cork,  and 
Clogher.  He  died  25th  February,  1758.  Some 
interesting  notices  of  Dr.  Clayton's  correspon- 
dence with  Lady  Sundon  may  be  read  in  the 
above-named  work.  JAMES  WM.  BRYANS. 

THE  COGNIZANCE  OF  THE  DRUMMONDS  (2nd  S. 
ix.  263.)  —  In  Haydn's  Dictionary  of  Dates,  1860 
edition,  under  the  head  of  "  Clanships,"  is  a  curi- 
ous and  rare  list  of  all  the  known  clans  of  Scot- 
land, with  the  badge  of  distinction  anciently  worn 
by  each,"  and  it  is  there  stated  that  the  badge  of 
the  clan  Drummond  is  the  holly.  G.  W.  "N. 

M.  RAPER  (2nd  S.  ix.  281.)  —  Although  I  am 
unable  to  give  any  certain  information  respecting 
the  M.  Raper  to  whom  N.  B.  refers,  the  following 
•extract  from  an  authentic  pedigree  may  be  of 
use  to  the  inquirer  *  :  — 

"  Matthew  Raper  of  Wen  dover -Dean,  co.  Bucks,  and  of 
Thorley  Hall,  co.  Herts,  died  in  1748,  leaving  issue  by 
Elizabeth  his  wife  (sister  and  heir  of  Sir  William  Billers, 

[*  See  Nichols's  Lit.  Ante.  iii.  135.,  for  particulars  of 
Mathew  Raper,  father  and  son.— ED.  "N.  &  Q."] 


Lord  Mayor  of  London  in  1734),  who  died  in  1760,  aged 
77,  six  sons  and  one  daughter,  1.  Matthew,  who  died  in 
1778 ;  2.  William ;  3.  Charles ;  4.  John,  who  married 
Elizabeth,  second  daughter  of  William  Hale,  M.D.,  of 
Twyford  House,  co.  Herts,  aud  died  in  1788  ;  5.  Henry ; 
6.  Moses;  7.  Elizabeth." 

The  father  of  Matthew  Raper  first-mentioned 
lived  in  Yorkshire. '  H.  F. 

PORSON  (2nd  S.  ix.  101.)— -Will  the  communi- 
cator of  the  anecdote  about  Person  and  the  can- 
dles be  good  enough  to  say  whether  he  knows  of 
any  trustworthy  authority  for  it?  Person  was 
often  eccentric  and  often  morose,  but  this  was  so 
very  unfeeling  conduct  towards  those  from  whom 
he  bad  received  substantial  kindness,  that  it  can 
hardly  be  credited  without  strong  testimony. 

Does  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  know  who  was 
the  author  of  A  Vindication  of  the  Literary  Cha- 
racter of  the  late  Professor  Porson  from  the  Ani- 
madversions of  Dr.  Burgess,  Bp.  of  Salisbury,  8vo. 
Cambridge,  1827  ?  The  writer's  nom  de  plums 
is  Crito  Cantabrigiensis,  and  the  work  relates  to 
the  controversy  respecting  1  John  v.  7.  LESBY. 
[By  Dr.  Turton,  now  Bishop  of  Ely.— ED.] 

PORTRAIT  OF  JOHN  BUNYAN  (2nd  S.  ix.  245.) 
—  The  portrait  after  which  R.  W.  inquires  is  now 
in  the  possession  of  Mrs.  Sanigear's  executor,  Mr. 
Wilkinson,  Clinton  Street,  Nottingham  (2"d  S.  i. 
81.  and  ix.  69.)  ;  he,  I  am  sure,  would  feel  plea- 
sure in  allowing  anyone  to  see  it. 

S.  F.  CRESWELL. 

Radford,  Nottinghamshire. 

WITTY  CLASSICAL  QUOTATIONS  (2nd  S.  ix.  116. 
246.)  — 

"Lord  Palmerston,  undisturbed  by  qualms  of  con- 
science, surveys  with  satisfaction  the  incidents  of  hit 
Peloponnesian  war.  England  may  be  disgraced  and  Eu- 
rope exasperated  —  what  matters  it  if  the  whim  of  the 
Foreign  Secretary  be  gratified,  and  if  his  Lordship's 
sovereign  commands  are  obeyed  ?  Horace  has  described 
to  the  letter  this  extraordinary  position,  and  in  his  words 
we  conclude  — 

'  Sedilibusque  magnus  in  primis  eques, 

Othone  contempto,  sedet. 
Quid  attinet  tot  ora  naviurh  gravi 

Rostrata  duci  pondere 
Contra  latrones  atque  servilem  manum, 
Hoc,  hoc,  Tribune  militum.'  " 

The  Times,  1850. 

E.  H.  A. 

LADY  ARABELLA  DENNY  (2nd  S.  i.  190.;  viii. 
88.)  —In  the  Rev.  John  Wesley's  Journal  (May, 
1783),  mention  is  made  of  Lady  Arabella  Denny's 
residence  at  Blackrock,  in  the  county  of  Dublin, 
in  the  following  terms  :  — 

"  Monday,  5th.  We  prepared  for  going  on  board  the 
packet ;  but  as  it  delayed  sailing,  on  Tuesday  '6th,  I 
waited  on  Lady  Arabella  Denny  [second  daughter  of 
Thomas  Fitzmaurice,  Earl  of  Kerry]  at  the  Blackrock, 
four  miles  from  Dublin.  It  [now  known  as  Lisaniskea, 
the  residence  of  Frederic  Willis,  Esq.]  is  one  of  the  plea- 
santest  spots  1  ever  saw.  The  garden  is  everything  in 


2"*  S.  IX  APRIL  28.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


333 


miniature.  On  one  side  is  a  grove  with  serpentine  walks ; 
on  the  other  a  little  meadow  and  a  greenhouse,  with  a 
study  (which  she  calls' her  chapel),  hanging  over  the 
sea.  *  Between  these  is  a  broad  walk,  leading  clown  al- 
most to  the  edge  of  the  water;  along  which  run  two  nar- 
row walks,  commanding  the  quay,  one  above  the  other. 
But  it  cannot  be  long  before  this  excellent  lady  will  re- 
move to  a  nobler  paradise." 

Lady  Arabella  died  there  on  Sunday,  18th 
March,  1792,  aged  eighty-five  years,  and  was 
buried  in  the  family  vault  at  Tralee,  in  the  county 
of  Kerry. 

As  stated  in  the  Dublin  Chronicle,  10th  April 
of  that  year, 

"  The  Royal  Irish  Academy  at  their  next  meeting  pur- 
pose to  offer  a  prize  medal,  value  one  hundred  guineas, 
for  the  best  monody  on  the  death  of  the  late  Lady  Ara- 
bella Denny.  Six  "months  are  to  be  given  for  the  above 
performance.  That  esteemed  lady's  virtues  and  angelic 
life  certainly  afford  an  opportunity  for  touching  the  most 
delicate  keys  of  the  human  heart." 

Can  you  oblige  me  with  any  information  re- 
garding this  monody  ?  To  whom  was  the  prize 
awarded?  and  has  the  performance  appeared  in 
print  ?  I  have  not  as  yet  been  able  to  ascertain 
these  particulars.  ABHBA. 

[See  A  Monody  on  the  Death  of  Lady  Arabella  Denny. 
By  John  Macaulay,  Esq.,  M.R.I. A.  8vo.  1792.] 

HEIGHTS  OF  MOUNTAINS  (2nd  S.  ix,  179.)  — 
The  work  of  which  W.  W.  is  in  quest  is  entitled — 

"  An  Account  of  the  Trigonometrical  Survey,  carried  on 
by  Order  of  the  Master  General  of  His  Majesty's  Ord- 
nance, in  the  Years  1800,  1801,  1803,  1804,  1805,  180G, 
1807,  1808,  and  1809.  By  Lieutenant-Colonel  William 
Mudge,  of  the  Royal  Artillery,  F.R.S.,  and  Captain 
Thomas  Colby,  of  the  Royal  Engineers.  London :  W. 
Fad  en,  Geographer  to  His  Majesty,  Charing  Cross,  1811." 
3  vols.  4to. 

The  third  volume  contains  (at  p.  302.)  the 
heights  of  the  mountains,  &c.,  which  formed  the 
principal  stations  for  the  triangulation,  and  which 
heights  are  usually  quoted.  I  am  not  aware  that 
the  book  is  now  to  be  had.  My  copy  was  obtained 
from  a  secondhand  book  catalogue  at  the  price  of 
three  guineas,  half  bound  in  calf.  The  work  is  not 
yet  completed,  I  believe,  but  about  six  or  seven 
years  ago  I  saw  some  account  of  its  being  in  pro- 
cess of  continuation.  Particulars  may,  no  doubt, 
be  obtained  from  Captain  Yolland,  R.E.,  Ord- 
nance Map  Office,  Southampton.  Should  W.  W. 
apply  there,  Avill  he  be  good  enough  to  give, 
though  the  columns  of  '-N.  &  Q.,"  any  farther 
information  he  may  obtain  ?  R.  B.  P. 

Lancaster. 

LATIN  VERSIONS  OF  THE  "BooK  OF  COMMON 
PRAYER"(2»d  S.  ix.  262.)— For  an  account  of 
them,  see  Procter  on  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer, 
1855  edition,  p.  61. ;  and  also  Lathbury,  History  of 
the  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  1858  edition,  p.  61. 

G.  W.  N. 

Alderley  Edge. 


HERALDIC  ENGRAVING  (2nd  S.  viii,  471.;  ix. 
110.  203.)  — Is  not  MR.  FRENCH  a  little  mistaken 
in  supposing  taille-douce  to  be  the  technical  term 
in  French  for  expressing  that  the  colours  in  ar- 
morial engravings  are  indicated  by  the  hachures  ? 

I  have  always  imagined  that  an  engraving  in 
taille-douce  was  simply  a  copper-plate  engraving, 
and  not  necessarily  an  heraldic  one. 

On  the  title-page  ofFavyn's  Theatre  cT Honneur 
et  de  Chevalerie,  published  in  Paris  in  1620,  eigh- 
teen years  before  Sancta  Petra's  Tessera  Genti- 
liticc,  that  work  is  said  to  be  illustrated  "  avec  les 
Figures  en  taille  douce  naivement  representees," 
though  if  the  lines  in  these  illustrations  were 
taken  as  guides  to  the  tinctures  they  would  in, 
I  think,  every  case  convey  a  very  false  idea  of  the 
appearance  of  the  shields  ;  in  fact,  Favyn  never 
meant  them  to  be  so  used,  and  in  tomeii.  p.  1797., 
he  greatly  praises  the  German  method  of  indicat- 
ing each  tincture  by  its  initial  letter  attached  to 
the  shield,  —  a  sufficient  proof  that  in  his  time  the 
very  convenient  method  at  present  adopted  was 
not  in  use. 

In  Les  Eecherches  du  Blazon,  Paris,  1673,  the 
tinctures  are  indicated  as  at  present,  but  in  L1 Ar- 
morial Universel,  published  six  years  later,  Pur- 
pure  and  Sable  are  shown  in  the  same  manner  as 
the  corresponding  Morada  and  Negro  in  La  De- 
claration Mystica  de  las  Armas  de  Espaha. 

A  copy  of  the  engraved  facsimile  of  the  death- 
warrant  of  Charles  I.  with  the  seals,  hangs  in  one 
of  the  rooms  of  the  Literary  and  Philosophical 
Institution,  Park  Street,  Bristol,  where  I  have 
often  seen  it.  J.  W. 

An  earlier  instance  than  has  yet  been  no- 
ticed in  "  N".  &  Q."  of  the  use  of  lines  to  indi- 
cate tinctures,  is  to  be  found  in  Weever's  Ancient 
Funerall  Monuments  within  the  united  Monarchie  of 
Great  Britaine,  Ireland,  and  the  Hands  adjacent, 
London,  1631,  —  eighteen  years  before  the  execu- 
tion of  Kiner  Charles  I.  I  enclose  some  examples 
(p.  841.)  :  the  arms  of  Robert  Lord  Scales.  It  is 
curious  that  on  the  same  page  the  tinctures  are 
indicated,  in  some  cases  throughout,  in  others 
partially,  in  some  not  at  all.  F.  L. 

BAVIN  (2nd  S.  ix.  25.  110.)  —  Another  example 
of  its  use  is  to  be  found  in  the  dedication  of  Hey- 
lin's  Sermons  on  the  Parable  of  the  Tares,  4to.  1658, 
as  follows  :  — 

«  Zeal  without  knowledge,  or  not  according  to  know- 
ledge, may  be  compared  unto  the  meteor  which  the  philo- 
sophers call  an  Ignis  Fatuus,  which  for  the  most  part 
leads  men  out  of  the  way,  and  sometimes  draws  them  on 
to  dangerous  precipices, "or  to  a  brush- Bavine-faggot  in  a 
country  cottage,  more  apt  to  fire  the  house  than  to  warm 
the  chimney," 

The  word  is  still  extant  in  the  Yorkshire  Dales, 
and  I  have  myself  heard  it  applied  to  a  quick- 
burning  crackling  faggot.  WM.  MATTHEWS. 


334 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


S.  IX  APIUL  28.  '60. 


"A  WET    SHEET,"  ETC.    (2nd  S.    IX.    182.)— You 

have  perhaps  hardly  yet  come  to  a  clear  view  of 
the  case.  A  sailing  vessel  to  leave  "  Old  England 
on  the  lee,"  strictly  speaking,  would  have  to  beat 
dead  to  windward;  in  which  case  the  wind  would 
not  "cross  her  course,"  but  be  "right  in  her 
teeth."  I  recollect  to  have  seen  somewhere  a  con- 
siderable argument  about  "  a  wet  sheet  and  a 
flowing  sea,"  with  a  suggestion  that  it  ought  to  be 
a  following  sea.  Some  of  your  non-nautical 
readers  may  require  to  be  told,  or  at  least  re- 
minded, that  the  sheet  in  question  is  not  the  sail 
itself  (they  may  have  seen  sails  wetted  or  sheeted 
in  light  airs,  to  make  them  hold  wind},  but  the  rope, 
or  rather  tackle,  by  which  the  sail  or  its  boom  is 
"hauled  in"  or  "eased  off"  as  the  wind  is  less  or 
more  favourable.  A  fore  and  aft  mainsail,  when 
the  vessel  is  going  right  before  the  wind,  is  eased 
off  as  much  as  possible ;  and  then  on  every  lull  of 
the  wind  the  sheet  drops  into  the  waves,  and  be- 
comes wet,  —  then  you  have  "a  wet  sheet."  You 
seem  to  be  disposed  to  construe  a  "flowing  sea" 
into  a  favouring  tide,  but  I  fear  this  will  draw  as 
largely  on  poetical  licence  as  leaving  Old  England 
on  the  lee,  when  leaving  it  with  a  wind  at  least 
abaft  the  beam.  Query,  Was  Allan  Cunningham 
a  sailor  ?  J.  P.  O. 

THE  YOUNG  PRETENDER  (2nd  S.  ix.  46.  208.)— 
With  reference  to  the  remarks  on  the  above  pages, 
I  can  state  that  when  I  was  a  boy  about  twelve 
years  of  age  (I  am  now  a  sexagenarian),  an  old 
lady,  a  distant  relative  of  the  family,  resided  with 
us.  She  died  upwards  of  forty-five  years  since  at 
about  eighty.  She  remembered  being  hurried 
with  the  rest  of  her  family  into  Wales  (they  lived 
near  Shrewsbury),  on  the  receipt  of  the  news  of 
Charles  Edward  entering  Derby  in  1745.  This 
old  lady  was  in  one  of  the  side  galleries  in  West- 
minster Hall  at  the  coronation  banquet  of  George 
III.,  and  she  often  told  me  that  when  the  cham- 
pion flung  his  gauntlet  on  the  floor  a  slight  bustle 
ensued,  and  she  saw  something  picked  up  by  one 
of  the  attendants,  which  she  was  told  at  the  time 
was  a  silk  glove  enclosing  a  challenge.  All  this  I 
was  well  acquainted  with  years  before  Red  Gaunt- 
let appeared  from  the  pen  of  its  talented  and  la- 
mented author.  I  was  much  struck  with  Scott's 
description  of  the  scene  (although  he  doubts  or 
denies  the  fact),  tallying  as  it  does  so  closely  with 
one  of  the  legends  of  my  youth  —  and  the  narra- 
tor had  a  vast  store  of  them,  which  I  used  most 
greedily  to  devour.  R.  H. 

Kensington. 

ADMIRAL  JOHN  FISH  (2"d  S.  ix.  282.)  —  MR. 
GARSTIN  will  find  a  very  short  account  of  this 
officer's  services  in  the  United  Service  Journal  for 
Dec.  1834.  The  notice  states  that  he  usually  re- 
sided at  Castlefish,  co.  Kildare,  and  that  he  died 
at  St.  Germain-en-Laye.  2.  0. 


CLERICAL  INCUMBENTS  (2nd  S.  ix.  252.  et  ante.) 
— The  Rev.  Robert  Harris,  B.D.,  the  present  in- 
cumbent of  St.  George's  Church,  Preston,  was 
inducted  to  that  living  in  September,  1 797.  The 
reverend  gentleman,  who  is  thus  in  the  sixty-third 
year  of  his  incumbency,  and  who  completed  the 
ninety- sixth  year  of  his  age  last  February, 
preached  in  St.  George's  on  Sunday  morning, 
March  18th,  1860. 

I  would  add  to  your  list  of  lengthy  incumben- 
cies that  of  the  present  rector  of  Croston,  the 
Rev.  Streynsham  Master,  who  was  inducted  in 
September,  1798. 

The  Rev.  Henry  Bigot,  B.D.,  who  died  April 
10,  1722,  aged  94,  was  vicar  of  Rochdale  fifty- 
nine  years  and  seven  months,  and  rector  of  Brindle 
seventy-one  years.  (Baines's  Lancashire,  vol.  iii. 
498.)  WILLIAM  DOBSON. 

Preston. 

EDGAR  FAMILY  (2nd  S.ix.  248.)  — With  refer- 
ence to  the  article  Scots  College  at  Paris,  in  which 
paper  the  family  of  Edgar  of  Keithock  and  Wed- 
derlie  is  mentioned,  and  uncertainty  expressed 
whether  any  representative  of  that  ancient  family 
now  exists,  I  beg  to  state  that  after  the  extinc- 
tion of  the  direct  line  as  above,  the  representation 
devolved  on  the  Edgars  of  Auchengrammont,  co. 
Lanark,  which  house  was  lately  represented  by 
Miss  Margaret  Edgar,  of  St.  Bernard's,  Edin- 
burgh (daughter  of  James  Handy  side  Edgar  of 
Auchengrammont),  who  died  September,  1857  ; 
and  at  her  decease,  by  Capt.  Henry  Edgar,  late 
26th  Regiment,  her  first  cousin,  and  son  of  Alex- 
ander Edgar,  of  Wedderlie,  Falrnouth,  Jamaica, 
and  Edinburgh.  This  Alexander  Edgar  had  a 
large  family,  the  only  survivors  of  which  are 
Henry  as  aforesaid,  Major  James  Edgar,  69th 
Regiment,  and  Louisa,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Samuel 
John  Jackson  of  Ay  ton,  St.  David's,  Jamaica. 

J.  F.  N.  H. 

FERDINAND  SMYTH  STUART  (2nd  S.  viii.  495.) 
—  I  am  obliged  to  CARTHUSIANUS  for  the  infor- 
mation he  has  afforded  me,  but  he  has  omitted 
to  mention  whether  Constantine  was  the  elder  or 
younger  of  the  brothers.  With  regard  to  the 
sister,  I  thought  it  would  be  useless  to  inquire 
about  her,  as  she  might  have  been  married,  and 
therefore  identification  in  that  case  would  not  be 
so  easy ;  and  also  my  desire  being  principally  to 
ascertain  who  is  the  eldest  male  representative  of  the 
elder  son,  i.  e.  the  head  of  the  house. 

BRISTOLTENSIS. 

"BEAUSEANT"  (2nd  S.  ix.  170.)  —  The  meaning 
of  this  term,  according  to  the  French  glossary  of 
Ducange  (s.  vv.  Bauqant,  Baucens,)  is  merely 
"black  and  white";  and  it  was  adopted  as  the 
battle  cry  of  the  Templars  because  their  banner 
was  of  those  colours.  B.  B.  WOODWARD. 

Haverstock  Hill. 


S.  IX.  APRIL  28.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEBIES. 


335 


JUDGES'  BLACK  CAP,  ETC.  (2nd  S.  ix.  253.)— In 
corroboration  of  your  correspondent's  conjectures, 
I  would  mention  the  general  custom  of  English 
magistrates  sitting  with  their  hats  on  in  Courts  of 
Quarter  Sessions,  &c. ;  though  it  presents  indeed 
a  curious  contradiction  of  the  Scripture  rule  :  "A 
man  ought  not  to  cover  his  head,  forasmuch  as 
he  is  the  image  and  glory  of  God,"  1  Cor.  xi.  7. 

Though  the  passage  is  in  many  respects  an  ob- 
scure one,  yet  it  certainly  appears  from  it  that  the 
covering  of  the  head  was  a  token  of  subjection  ; 
whereas  the  mitre  of  the  Jewish  high  priest,  and 
the  bonnets  or  turbans  of  the  inferior  priests  and 
Levites,  seem  to  have  been  worn  in  token  of  their 
sacerdotal  dignity,  "  for  glory  and  for  beauty." 

The  whole  subject  strikes  me  as  an  interesting 
one,  and  well  worthy  of  illustration  as  a  literary 
"  Amenity." 

In  the  Dutch  Church  it  is  still  the  custom  for 
the  congregation,  though  not,  I  think,  for  the  mi- 
nister, to  wear  their  hats  during  the  sermon  at 
least.  C.  W.  BINGHAM. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

Essays  by  the  late  George  Brimley,  M.A.  Second  Edi- 
tion. (Macmillan.) 

This  little  volume  is  a  collection  of  articles  contributed 
by  the  writer  to  The  Spectator  and  other  periodicals. 
The  fact  of  its  having  reached  a  second  edition  puts  a 
sufficient  stamp  upon  the  value  of  its  contents.  It  con- 
tains critiques  upon  the  poetry  of  Wordsworth  and 
Tennyson,  the  fictions  of  Thackeray,  Bulwer,  Dickens, 
and  Kingsley,  the  Noctes  of  Professor  Wilson,  and  the 
positive  philosophy  of  Comte.  These  are  written  with  a 
delicacy  of  discrimination,  a  carefulness  of  language,  and 
an  unobtrusive  tone  of  religion,  which  cannot  fail  to 
render  them  favourite  reading  with  the  more  thoughtful. 
But  we  confess  ourselves  to  have  derived  most  pleasure 
from  an  original  and  suggestive  article  on  "  The  Angel 
in  the  House,"  in  which  the  writer  points  out  how  large 
a  material  for  the  highest  poetry  is  to  be  found  in  the 
incidents  of  ordinary  married  life,  and  not  unjustly  com- 
plains that  poet  after  poet  should  have  neglected  it  for 
the  threadbare  raptures  of  the  lover. 

First  Traces  of  Life  on  the  Earth;  or,  the  Fossils  of  the 
Bottom  Rocks.  By  S.  J.  Mackie,  F.G.S.,  &c.  (Groom- 
bridge.) 

This  little  volume  is  from  the  pen  of  a  gentleman  who 
is  thoroughly  acquainted  with  his  subject,  and  has  a 
happy  facility  for  conveying  its  facts  and  principles  in  a 
simple  form  to  the  uninitiated.  He  has  here  adopted  the 
plan  of  confining  his  remarks  to  a  very  small  portion  of 
the  vast  area  of  geological  science  —  the  fossils  of  the 
earlier  rocks  —  and  extracted  from  it  some  very  agreeable 
first  lessons  on  geology. 

If  we  confess  that  the  mere  List  of  the  articles  in  the 
Quarterly  just  issued  somewhat  disappointed  us,  we  must 
confess  that  we  have  been  greatly  pleased  with  the  articles 
themselves,  and  find  the  Number  an  extremely  good  one. 
Dismissing  the  only  political  one,  The  Budget  and  the 
Reform  Bill,  which  all  should  read,  whether  admirers  or 
not  of  Lord  John's  mischievous  bantling  and  Mr.  Glad- 
stone's daring  Budget,  we  come  to  two  of  great  social 
importance.  That  on  Labourers'  Homes  is  one  of  great 


value,  and  is  obviously  written  by  a  master  of  the  sub- 
ject; while  Miss  Nightingale's  Notes  on  Nursing  furnish 
materials  for  a  paper  calculated  to  direct  increased  atten- 
tion to  that  admirable  pamphlet,  and  to  the  reforms  in 
our  treatment  of  the  sick  which  are  so  imperatively  de- 
manded. Souvenirs  et  Correspondence  de  Madame  Rf- 
camier  form  the  subject  of  a  pleasant  article  on  that 
enigmatical  Queen  of  Beauty  and  Fashion.  Our  sporting 
friends  will  delight  in  the  article  "  Tom  Smith"  and  Fox 
Hunting,  as  the  lawyers  will  in  that  on  The  Bar  of  Phila- 
delphia. There  is  much  curious  historical  information  and 
strange  family  history  in  the  paper  on  the  Vicissitudes  of 
Families,  and  such  an  abundance  of  capital  stories  in  the 
anticipatory  review  of  the  Autobiographical  Recollections 
of  Leslie,  as  to  make  us  most  anxious  to  see  Tom  Taylor's 
amusing  volume. 

Mr.  Leigh  Sotheby,  who  announces  a  work  which  will 
doubtless  be  of  considerable  literary  interest,  Ramblings 
in  the  Elucidation  of  the  Autograph  of  Milton,  is  desirous 
of  an  inspection  of  an  Autograph  Letter,  or  authentic 
Autograph  MS.,  of  either  Edward  or  John  Phillips,  the 
nephews  of  Milton  ;  and  also  of  any  letter  or  document 
bearing  the  autograph  of  Elwood  the  Quaker,  and  friend 
of  the  poet.  We  shall  be  glad  if  this  Note  should  prove 
the  means  of  obtaining  for  Mr.  Sotheby  the  objects  of  his 
search. 


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BOWYER'S  LIVES  OF  TH R  POPES.    4to.    Vol.  VII.  only. 
LETTERS  OF  MARTIN  SHERLOCK.    2  Vols.    18mo. 
VAN  HELMONT'S  Two    HUNDRED  QUERIES  MODKRATELY    PROPOUNDED, 

CONCERNING   THE   DoCTKINE     OF   THE     REVOLUTION     OF     HUMANE     SOULS. 

18mo.    1684. 
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Wanted  by  Rev .  W.  L.  Nichols,  The  Wyke,  Grasmere,  Westmorland. 

SCATCHPRD'S  HISTORY  OF  MORLKY,  Co.  YORK. 
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MEMOIRS  OF  A  COXCOMB-    1757. 

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ta 

"  APRES  MOI  LK  DELUGE."  A.  E.  will  find  in- our  1st  S.  iii.  397.  that 
this  saying  is  older  than  either  Pompadour  or  Metfernich.  Our  corre- 
spondent's Query  had  been  anticipated  by  Douglas  Jerrold  in  the  same 
volume,  p.  299. 

JAYDEE.  The  correspondent  who  wishes  to  address  a  letter  to  Jaydee 
is  informed  that  we  canfonvard  it. 

F.  S.D.    The  line  — 

"  Off  with  his  head  !    So  much  for  Buckingham," 
is  an  interpolation  by  Colley  Cibber  into  the  acting  version  of  Richard 

N.  S.  HEINBKEN.    How  can  we  forward  a  letter  to  this  correspondent  f 

X.  There  is  nothing  dramatic  in  the  volume  of  Poems  by  Mrs.  Horn- 
blower Ouseleifa  Poems.  1849,  and  Fyke's  Triumphs  of  Messiah, 

1813,  are  not  in  the  British  Museum. 

J.  EDMUNDS  must  submit  his  query  to  some  respectable  second-hand 
bookseller. 

Replies  to  other  correspondents  in  our  next. 

ERRATUM.  — 2nd  S.  ix.  p.  292.  col.  ii.  1.  35.  for  "  Slcimin's  "  read 
"McSkimin's." 

"  NOTES  AND  QITKIUM"  t>  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIRS  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (ineludinq  the  Half' 
yearly  INDEX)  is  Ms.  id.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  MWM.  BMH  AND  DAtDY,186.  FLKRT  STREET,  E.C.t  to  whom 
a//CoMMOjrioA.Tiofs  PL-II  THK  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


336 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2^  g.  IX.  APRIL  28.  '60. 


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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


UNITED   KINGDOM 

LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  S.W. 

The  Hon.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  Esq.,  Deputy  Chairman. 

FOURTH  DIVISION  OF  PROFITS. 

SPECIAL  NOTICE. -Parties  desirous  of  participating  in  the  fourth 
division  of  profits  to  be  declared  on  all  policies  effected  prior  to  the  31st 
Dumber  next  year,  should,  in  order  to  enjoy  the  .any,  make  iimne- 
dlVte  application.  There  have  already  been  thrje  divisions  of  prohts, 
n  the  bonuses  divided  have  averaged  nearly  2  per  cent,  per  annum  on 
the  mm*  assured,  or  from  30  to  100  per  cent,  on  the  premiums  paid. 
Without  imparting  to  the  recipients  the  risk  of  copartnership,  as  is  the 
c:i-e  iu  mutual  societies. 
To  show  more  clearly  what  these  bonuses  amount  to,  three  following 

ire  put  forth  as  examples  : 

Sum  Insured.         Bonuses  added.         Amount  payable  up  to  Dec.,  1851. 
JE5.000  £1,9*7  10*.  *t>,987    "«• 

1,000  397  1<>*.  ».397    Os. 

100  39  15*.  1<Ja  1M> 

Notwithstanding  these  large  additions,  the  premium,  are  on  the 
lowest  scale  compatible  witn  security  for  the  payment  o  the  policy  when 
death  arises;  in  addition  to  which  advan tapes,  one  half  of  the  annual 
premiums  may,  it  de.-iml.  for  the  term  of  five  yars,  remain  unpaid  at 
8  per  cent,  interest,  the  other  half  being  advanced  by  the  company  with- 
out security  or  deposit  of  the  policy. 

The  Assets  of  the  Company  at  the  31st  December,  1858,  amounted 
to  £  >.W.-il»  :is.  10(7.,  ail  of  which  has  been  invested  in  Government  and 
other  approved  securities. 

No  charge  for  Volunteer  Military  Corps  whilst  serving  in  the  United 
Kingdom. 

Policy  Stamps  paid  by  the  Office. 

Immediate  application  should  be  made  to  the  Resident  Director,  8. 
Waterloo  Place,  Pall  Mall.-By  c 


Cr'   P.  MACINTYRE,  Secretary. 


\\ 


JESTERN    LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 

ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON.S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1848. 


Directors. 


E.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Marson-Esq. 
A.  Robinson,  Esq. 
J.L.Seager,  Esq. 
J.B.  White, Esq. 


H.E.  Bicknell.Esq. 

S.  S.  Cocks,  Esq. 
.H.  Drew,  Esq.  M.A. 
W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

J.  Fuller. Esq. 
.H.Goodhart.Esq. 

Physician  —  W.  R.  Basham.M.D. 

Bankers.  —  Messrs.  Cocks,  Biddulph.andCo. 

Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  this  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  paying  a  Premium,  as  permission  is  given  upon 
application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  the  con- 
ditions detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

LOANS  from  100Z.  to  500Z.  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 
Security. 

Attention  is  also  invited  to  t*e  rates  of  annuity  granted  to  old  lives, 
for  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 

.Examples  100Z.  cash  paid  down  purchases— An  annuity  of — 

lo   4    o  to  a  male  life  aged  60) 

It    5    1  65lPayableaslong 


14  16   3 

1811  10 


701 
7b) 


i  he  is  alive. 


Now  ready,  10th  Edition,  pries  Is.  6d.,  of 

MR.     SCRATCHLEY'S     MANUAL,     on 

FRIENDLY  SOCIETIES,  with  RULES,  TABLES,  and  an  EXPO- 
SITION of  the  TRUE  LAW  OF  SICKNESS. 
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l.«.  Copy  IJooVs  (copies  set).  Is.  Sd.  per  dozen.  P.  &  C.'s  Law  Pen  (as 
flexible  as  the  Quill),  'is.  per  gross. 

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CLERGY  MUTUAL   ASSURANCE  SOCIETY, 
3.  Broad  Sanctuary,  Westminster. 

Patrons- The  Archbishops  of  CANTERBURY  and  YORK. 
Trustees  — The  Bishops  of  London  and  Winchester,  the  Dean  of  West- 
minster, and  the  Archdeacon  of  Maidstone. 

Council  of  Reference  — The  Archbishops,  and  Bishops  of  London,  Dur- 
ham and  Winchester. 

Chairman  of  Directors  -  The  Archdeacon  of  LONDON. 
Deputy  Chairman  — F.  L.  WOLL ASTON, Esq.,  M.A. 
The  present  amount  assured  upon  life  exceeds  3,000,0007. 
The  invested  capital  is  upwards  of940,nooZ. 
The  annual  income  is  upwards  of  120,000?. 

Clergymen,  and  the  wives,  widows,  sons,  and  daughters  of  clergymen, 
and  the  near  relations  of  clergymen,  and  the  near  relations  of  the 
wives  of  clergymen,  are  qualified  to  efftct  assurances  upon  their  lives 
in  this  Society  to  any  amount  not  exceeding  !>OOOI.  The  rates  ot  pre- 
mium are  moderate  ;  there  are  no  proprietors  to  share  in  the  profits,  the 
whole  of  the  surplus  capital,  assigned  every  fifth  year,  being  appro- 
priated to  the  assured  members. 
The  next  bonus  will  be  in  the  year  1861. 

Assurances  upon  life  may  be  made  in  this  Society  upon  payment  ot 
reduced  annual  premiums,  viz.,  upon  payment  of  four-fifths  of  the 
rates  chargeable,  one-fifth  remaining  in  arrear,  to  be  paid  off  from  time 
to  time  by  bonus. 

Prospectuses  end  formsof  application  for  assurances  may  be  obtained 
at  the  office;  or  by  letter  to  the  Secretai-y.^ 


nHHE  AQUARIUM.— LLOYD'S  DESCRIPTIVE 

L  and  ILLUSTRATED  LIST  of  whatever  relates  to  the  AQUA- 
RIUM, is  now  ready,  price  Is. ;  or  by  Post  for  Fourteen  Stamps.  128 
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W.  ALFORD  LLOYD,  19,20,  and  20  A.  PortlandRoad, Regent's 
Park, London,  W. 

OiEWriELB    PATENT    STARCH, 
USED  IN  THE  ROYAL  LAUNDRY, 

AND  PRONOUNCED  BV-  HER  MAJESTY'S  LAUNDRESS,  TO  BB 
THE  FINEST  STARCH  SHE  E.VER  USED. 

Sold  by  all  Chandlers,  Grocers,  &c.  &c. 
WOTHEHSPOON  £  CO.,  GLASGOW  &  LONDON. 

BROWN  &  POLSON'S 

PATENT   COBN   FLOUR. 

The  Lancet  States, 

"  TH«  is  SUPERIOR  TO  ANYTHING  OF  THE  KIND  KNOWN." 
The  most  wholesome  part  of  the  best  Indian  Corn,  prepared  by  a  pro- 
cess Patented  for  the  Three  Kingdoms  and  France,  and  wherever  it 
becomes  known  obtains  great  favour  for  Puddings,  Custards,  Blanc- 
manse  ;  all  the  uses  of  the  finest  arrow  root,  and  especially  suited  to 
the  delicacy  of  Children  and  Invalids  :  — 

BROWN  &  POLSON, 

Manufacturers  to  Her  Maiesty  the  Queen  t 

PAISLEY,  MANCHESTER,  DUBLIN,  and  LONDON. 


REDUCTION  OF  DUTY. 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER,  having  reduced  the  prices 
of  their  WINES  in  accordance  with  the  new  Tariff,  are  now 
ng  capital  dinner  Sherry,  21s.,  30s.,  and  36s.  per  dozen;  high  class 
pale,  golden,  and  brown  Sherry,  42s.,  48s..  and  64s — Good  Port,  30*.  and 

36s Fine  old  Port,  42s.,  48s.,  51s.,  60s Pure  St.-Julien  Claret,  21s.  and 

30s. —Very  superior  ditto,  36s — La  Rose,  36s.,  42s.  — Finest  growth 
Clarets  60s.,  72s.,  8is._Chablis,  36s.,  48s— Red  and  White  Burgundy, 
36s.,  48s.  to  84s._ Champagne,  42s.,  54s.,  60s.,  72s._Hock;  and  Moselle, 

3fis.,  48s.,  60s.  to  120s East  India  Madeira,  Imperial  Tokay,  Vermuth, 

Frontignac,  Constantia,  and  every  other  description  of  Wine  —  Fine 
old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  ?nd  72s.  per  dozen. -Schiedam  Hollands, 
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order  or  reference,  any  quantity,  with  a  Price-list  of  all  other  wines, 
will  be  forwarded  immediately  by 

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and  30.  King's  road,  Brighton. 
(Originally  established  A.P.  1667.) 


INTRODUCER  OF  THE  SOUTH  AFRICAN 

L  PORT,  SHERRY,  &c.,  20s.  per  dozen.  BOTTLES  INCLUDED, 
an  advantage  greatly  appreciated  by  the  Public  and  a  constantly  in- 
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A  PINT  SABIPLB  OP  BOTH  FOB  24  STAMPS. 

WINE  IN  CASK  forwarded  Free  to  any  Railway  Station  in  England. 
EXCELSIOR  BRANDY,  Pale  or  Brown,  15s.  per  gallon,  or  30*.  per 

dozen. 

TKRMS,  CASH.    Country  Orders  must  contain  a  remittance..    Cross 
cheques  "  Bank  of  London."    Price  Lists  forwarded  on  application. 
JAMES  L.  DENMAN,  65.  Fcnchnrch  Street,  corner  of  Hallway  Place, 
London,  E.C. 


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III. 

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War  and  Progress  in  China. 
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Judicial  Puzzles.  —  Elizabeth  Canning. 
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;»c^^ 

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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


337 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  MAY  5.  I860. 


N°.  227.— CONTENTS. 

NOTES-— Milton's  Sonnet  to  Henry  Lawes,  337  —  Glean* 
ings  from  the  Records  of  the  Treasury,  No.  3.,  338  — Ma- 
thematical Bibliography,  339. 

MINOR  NOTES  :  —Title  of  Marquis  —  Origin  of  the  Buona- 
parte Family  —  "  Erase  "  and  "  Cancel "  —  Races  by  Run- 
ning Footmen,  341. 

QUERIES:  —  The  Livery  Collar  of  Scotland,  341  —  Allusion 
in  the  "  Rolliad  "  —  Fitzgibbon's  "  Irish  Dictionary  "  — 
Church  Towers:  their  Origin  and  Early  Use— The  Rp- 
bertons  of  Bedlay,  near  Glasgow  —  Map  of  Roman  Britain 
—  Davies  of  Llamlovery  —  Punishments,  Ancient  and 
Modern  —  "  The  Portreature  of  Dalila  "  —  Rapin  and 
Tindal's  "  History  of  England  "  —  "  The  Happy  Way  "  — 
"  Pountefreit,"  &c.  —  Weather  Glasses  —  St.  Dunstan's 
School  — Atter  and  Alii,  their  Derivation—"  Man  to  the 
Plough,"  &c.  —  Manners  of  the  last  Century  — A  Female 
Cornet  —  Hereditary  Alias :  Dr.  Johnson's  Nurse,  &c.,  342. 

QUEBIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  —  "  The  Widow  of  the  Wood," 
&c.  —  John  Maxwell  —  Bula  de  la  Cruzada  —  "  Knap,"  its 
Meaning?  — Coronation,  when  First  Introduced,  345. 

EEPLIES :  —  The  Percy  Library,  346—  Knox  Family,  347  — 
Boiled,  349  —  Dedications  to  the  Deity ,  350  —  The  Delphic 
Classics,  351  —  Fletcher  Family —  Epitaph  in  Memory  of  a 
Spaniard  —  Mr.  Bright  and  the  British  Lion  —  Essay  on 
Taste :  Faux  —  Pye  Wype  —  Peter  Huguetan,  Lord  of 
Vrijhoeven  —  Clerical  M.P.'s  —  The  Termination  "  th  "— 
Durance  Vile—  Rev.  F.  J.  H.  Rankin— Sir  Robert  le  Grys 

—  Thomas  Houston  —  Sea  Breaches  on  the  Norfolk  Coast 

—  "This  day  eight   days"  — Age  of   the  Horse  — Sarah 
Duchess  of  Somerset  —  Family  of  Havard  —  Brighton  Pa* 
vilion  — The  Letter  "w"  —  Arms  of  Border  Families  of 
Armstrong  and  Elliot  —  Pigtails  —  Refreshment  for  Clergy- 
men —  French  Church  in  London,  &c.,  352. 


MILTON'S  SONNET  TO  HENRY  LAWES. 

In  every  edition  of  Milton's  Poems  which  has 
fallen  under  my  notice  —  I  might  perhaps,  with- 
out much  fear  of  error,  say,  in  every  edition  — 
the  sonnet  commencing  — 

"  Harry,  whose  tuneful  and  well-measured  song," 

is  described  as  addressed  to  Lawes  "  on  the  pub- 
lishing his  Airs ;  "  and  this  statement  rests  on  no 
less  an  authority  than  that  of  the  poet  himself; 
for  in  a  volume  preserved  in  the  library  of  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge,  containing  much  of  Milton's 
poetry  in  his  autograph,  there  are  (as  we  are  in- 
formed by  Dr.  Todd),  three  copies  of  this  sonnet, 
two  in  Milton's  handwriting,  and  the  third  in  that 
of  another  man,  the  title  being,  "  To  my  friend 
Mr.  Hen.  Lawes,  feb.  9.  1645.  On  the  publishing 
of  his  Aires." 

Yet,  notwithstanding  this  apparently  conclu- 
sive evidence,  there  are  circumstances  which,  at 
first  sight,  seem  calculated  to  raise  a  doubt  as  to 
the  sonnet  having  really  been  written  on  the 
occasion  mentioned  in  the  title. 

As  far  as  is  known,  Henry  Lawes  did  not  pub- 
lish any  work  bearing  the  title  of  "  Airs  "  earlier 
than  1653,  in  which  year  he  brought  out  Ayres 
and  Dialogues  for  One,  Two,  and  Three  Voyces. 
By  Henry  Lawes.  The  First  Booke.  (Small 


folio,  with  portrait  of  the  composer  by  Faithorne 
on  the  title-page.)  To  this  publication  Lawes 
says,  in  the  preface,  he  was  impelled  in  conse- 
quence of  some  twenty  of  his  songs  having  then 
lately  been  printed  in  a  book  without  his  know- 
ledge. (The  book  to  which  he  alludes  appeared 
in  1652  under  the  title  of  Select  Musicall  Ayres 
and  Dialogues.  It  was  put  forth  by  John  Playford, 
and  contained,  besides  Lawes's  songs,  compositions 
by  John  Wilson,  Mus.  Doc. ;  Charles  Colman,  Mus. 
Doc. ;  William  Webb,  Robert  Johnson,  Nicholas 
Laneare,  John  Taylor,  and  Mr.  Caesar.  Enlarged 
editions  of  it  appeared  in  1653  and  1659.)  Lawes's 
first  book  of  Ayres  was  followed  by  a  second  in 
1655,  and  a  third  in  1658.  To  the!  first  book 
were  prefixed  verses  by  Waller,  Edward  and 
John  Phillips  (Milton's  nephews),  John  Cobb,, 
Francis  Finch,  William  Barker,  T.  Norton,  and 
John  Carwarden  ;  to  the  second,  similar  compo- 
sitions by  Katherine  Philips  ("the  matchless 
Orinda "),  Mary  Knight  (one  of  the  composer's 
pupils),  Dr.  John  Wilson,  Dr.  Charles  Colman, 
and  John  Berkenhead  ;  the  third  being  ushered 
in  by  a  poem  of  about  150  lines  by  Horatio 
Moore.  But  in  neither  of  the  three  books  did 
Milton's  sonnet  appear.  This,  however,  was  not 
because  it  had  been  forgotten  or  was  unvalued  by 
the  man  to  whom  jt  was  inscribed,  but  in  all  pro- 
bability from  the  circumstance  that  in  1648  Henry 
Lawes  had  published  Choice  Psalmes  put  into. 
Musick  for  Three  Voices  ....  Composed 
by  Henry  and  William  Lawes,  Brothers ;  amongst 
the  commendatory  verses  prefixed  to  which  is  the 
sonnet  under  consideration,  bearing  the  simple 
inscription  "  To  my  friend,  Mr.  Henry  Lawes." 

Both  Warton  and  Todd,  and  possibly  other  an- 
notators  of  Milton,  have  noticed  the  publication 
of  the  sonnet  in  the  Choice  Psalmes,  but  neither 
makes  any  observation  on  its  absence  from  the 
Ayres  and  Dialogues.  I  trust  I  may  therefore  be 
pardoned  for  inviting  attention  to  it. 

There  is  every  reason  for  believing  that  Milton, 
not  only  from  early  training,  but  from  the  prac- 
tice of  his  riper  years,  was  too  good  a  musician  to 
confound  the  distinction  between  Psalms  amj 
Airs.  We  may  therefore  assume  that  the  sonnet 
was  in  reality  written  for  the  purpose  mentioned 
by  the  poet,  viz.  to  be  employed  on  the  publica- 
tion of  some  of  Lawes's  Airs. 

This  assumption  seems  also  supported  by  a  note 
in  the  margin  of  the  copy  of  the  sonnet  as  printed 
in  the  Choice  Psalmes,  where  the  expression  in  the 
eleventh  line  — 

"  That  tun'st  their  happiest  lines  in  hymne  or  story," 
is  explained  as  alluding  to  "  The  story  of  Ariadne 
set  by  him  [Lawes]  to  musick."  Now  "  The 
Story  of  Theseus  and  Ariadne  "  is  the  first  piece 
in  the  first  book  of  Ayres,  and  is  especially  noticed 
by  the  writers  of  more  than  one  of  the  commenda- 
tory verses  prefixed  thereto. 


338 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2»a  S.  IX.  MAY  5.  '60. 


May  it  not  have  been  the  case  that  Henry 
Lawes  contemplated  a  publication  of  some  of  his 
Airs  in  1645,  and  that  his  friend  Milton,  hearing 
of  his  intention,  promised  him  a  poetical  contri- 
bution to  prefix  to  it.  but  that  by  the  time  he  had 
carried  his  promise  into  execution,  Lawes,  influ- 
enced by  the  unfavourable  state  of  the  times, 
doubtless,  also,  by  the  death  of  his  brother  Wil- 
liam, who  was  killed  at  the  siege  of  Chester  in 
the  same  year — probably  not  long  before  the 
sonnet  was  written  *  —  deferred  his  intended 
publication,  and  took  no  further  steps  towards  it 
until  roused  into  action  by  the  unauthorised  pub- 
lication of  Playford  in  1652;  and  that  in  the 
meantime,  having  determined  on  putting  forward 
the  Choice  Psalmes  of  himself  and  his  brother,  and 
being  in  possession  of  Milton's  sonnet,  he  was 
induced  to  print  it  with  that  work,  suppressing 
so  much  of  the  title  as  stated  it  to  have  been 
written  "  on  the  publication  of  his  aires." 

The  number  of  those  who  feel  an  interest  in 
whatever  is  connected  with  the  writings  of  Milton 
is  so  large,  that  I  doubt  not  but  that  anything 
which  can  be  offered  in  elucidation  of  this  subject 
would  be  generally  acceptable.  W.  H.  HUSK. 


GLEANINGS  FROM  THE  RECORDS  OF  THE 
TREASURY.— No.  III. 

We  still  continue  the  consideration  of  astro- 
nomical subjects :  — 
"  My  Lord  Duke, 

"  I  did  myself  the  honour  this  morning  of  calling  at 
your  door,  with  an  intent  to  lay  before  your  Grace  the 
inclosed  copy  of  a  Memorial  which  I  believe  will  be  pre- 
sented (from  the  Royal  Society)  to  thee  Lords  Commis- 
sioners of  the  Treasury  at  their  next  meeting:  But 
finding  that  your  Grace  was  out  of  town,  I  take  the 
liberty  of  sending  it  herewith ;  in  order  that  your  Grace 
may  be  apprized  of  the  contents  of  the  Memorial  before 
it  be  delivered  in  at  the  Board. 

"  The  Memorial  itself  sufficiently  shews  that  the  Mo- 
tives, on  which  it  is  founded,  are  the  Improvement  of 
Astronomy  and  the  Honour  of  our  Nation ;  which  seems 
to  be  more  particularly  concerned  in  the  exact  observa- 
tions of  this  rare  Phsenomenen,  that  was  never  observed 
but  only  by  one  Englishman ;  and  the  time  of  its  return 
computed,  and  the  proper  Places  and  manner  of  observing 
it,  together  with  the  uses  to  be  made  of  these  observa- 
tions, marked  out  and  illustrated  by  another  Englishman 
(Dr.  Halley)  in  the  last  century. 

"  It  might  therefore  afford  too  just  a  ground  to  other 
countries  to  reproach  this  nation  (not  inferior  to  any 
other  in  every  branch  of  Science  and  Litterature,  and 
more  particularly  in  Astronomy),  if,  while  the  French 
King  is  sending  observers  not  only  to  Pondicherrie  and 
the  Cape  of  Good  Hope  but  also  to  the  Northern  Part  of 
Siberia,  and  the  Court  of  Russia  is  doing  the  same  to  the 
most  Eastern  conBnes  of  the  Greater  Tartary  (not  to 
mention  the  several  observers  that  are  going  to  various 
places  on  the  same  errand  from  different  Parts  of  Europe), 


*  Chester  was  surrendered  to  the  Parliamentary  forces 
on  3rd  February,  1645,  only  six  days  prior  to  the  date  of 
the  sonnet. 


England  should  neglect  to  send  any  Observers  to  such 
Places  as  are  proper  for  the  purpose,  and  subject  to  the 
Crown  of  Great  Britain. 

"This  is  expected  from  us  by  foreign  Countries;  be- 
cause the  use,  that  may  be  derived  from  this  Phsenomenen, 
will  be  proportionate  to  the  number  of  distant  places 
where  proper  observations  can  be  made  of  it.  And  the 
Royal  Society,  being  extremely  desirous  o£ satisfying  the 
general  expectations  of  the  World  in  this  respect,  have 
thought  it  incumbent  upon  them  to  lay  this  matter  be- 
fore your  Grace,  who  is  so  great  a  Patron  of  Learning, 
and  to  request  your  effectual  intercession  with  his  Ma- 
jesty, that  He  would  be  graciously  pleased  to  enable  them, 
in  such  manner  as  he  shall  think  proper,  to  accomplish 
this  their  desire,  and  to  answer  the  expectation  of  the 
World ;  which,  as  the  Memorial  sets  forth,  would  be  at- 
tended with  an  expence  very  disproportionate  to  the 
narrow  circumstances  of  that  Society. 

"  But  were  the  Society  in  a  much  more  affluent  state, 
it  would  surely  tend  greatly  to  the  Honour  of  His  Ma- 
jesty and  the  Nation  in  general,  that  an  expence  of  this 
sort  designed  to  answer  the  universal  expectations  of  the 
world,  and  to  promote  Science,  should  not  be  born  by  a 
particular  set  of  private  persons. 

"  The  Royal  Society  therefore  natter  themselves,  that 
through  His  Majesty's  (their  Patron's)  great  goodness, 
and  his  remarkable  regard  for  the  honour  and  credit  of 
the  Nation ;  and  through  your  Grace's  kind  intercession 
for  that  purpose ;  their  hopes  will  not  be  frustrated. 

"But  I  must  farther  add  that  no  time  is  to  be  lost; 
and  that  it  is  necessary  for  us  to  be  honoured  with  Hi8 
Majesty's  answer  as  soon  as  may  be ;  Since  the  proper  pre- 
parations must  be  immediately  set  about,  in  order  to 
prevent  the  Observers  arriving  too  late  at  the  respective 
places  of  their  destination,  which  a  little  delay  might 
occasion. 

"  I  am,  with  the  greatest  respect, 
«  My  Lord  Duke, 
"  Your  Grace's 

«  Most  humble  and 

"  Most  obedient  Servant, 

"  MACCLESFIELD." 
"  S*  James's  Square, 

«  Saturday,  5"1  July,  1760. 
"  His  Grace  the  Duke  of  Newcastle." 

44  To  the  Right  Honourable  the  Lords  Commissioners  of 
his  Majesty's  Treasury. 

"  The  Memorial  of  the  President,  Council,  and  Fellows 
of  the  Royal  Society  of  London  for  Improving  Natural 
Knowledge, 

"  Humbly  Sheweth 

"  That  whereas  the  French  and  other  Courts  of  Europe 
are  now  sending  proper  persons  to  proper  places  in  vari- 
ous parts  of  the  world,  to  observe  for  the  Improvement  of 
Astronomy,  the  Transit"  of  Venus  over  the  Sun,  which 
will  happen  on  the  Sixth  of  June  next; 

"  And  whereas  this  Nation  is  more  immediately  con- 
cerned in  this  Event,  predicted  in  the  last  Century  by  an 
Englishman,  Doctor  Hallej',  his  Majesty's  late  Astrono- 
mer Royal,  and  observed  but  once  before  since  the  World 
began,  and  then  only  by  another  Englishman,  the  Inge- 
nious Mr.  Horrox ; 

«'  And  whereas  the  expences  of  this  most  laudable 
undertaking,  in  which  the  honour  of  this  Nation  is  thus 
principally  concerned ;  appear  upon  an  Estimate  of  the 
Charges  thereof  to  be  near  Eight  Hundred  pounds,  if 
only  two  persons  be  sent,  with  the  necessary  Instruments, 
to  the  Island  of  Saint  Helena ;  and  if  the  Tike  number  be 
also  sent  to  Bencoolen,  which  is  very  much  to  be  desired, 
will  amount  in  the  whole  to  near  double  that  sum ;  the 


2°d  S.  IX.  MAY  5.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


339 


least  of  which  sums  is  disproportionate  to  the  circum- 
stances of  this  Society. 

"  The  said  President,  Council,  and  Fellows  do  therefore 
humbly  request  your  Lordships,  to  intercede  with  his 
Majesty,  that  he*  would  be  most  graciously  pleased  to 
enable  "them  to  carry  the  said  design  into  execution,  in 
such  manner,  as  to  his  Majesty  in  his  great  wisdom  shall 
seem  proper. 

"  Given  under  their  common  Seal,  this  third  Day 
of  July,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  One  thousand 
Seven  hundred  and  sixty, 

«  MACCLESFIELD,  P.R.S." 
(L.  S.) 

« Morton 

Cha.  Cavendish 
James  Burrow 
P.  Davall 
W.  Sotheby 
Wm  Fanquier 
Rob*  Nesbitt 
Tho»  Birch     ) 
Cha8  Morton  V 
Secretaries  ) 
Ja.  Bradley,  R.  Ast." 

This  was  read  before  the  Treasury  Board  on 
the  6th  July,  and  a  warrant  for  800/.  given  to 
enable  the  Society  to  send  two  persons  to  St. 
Helena  for  the  purpose  of  observing  the  transit 
of  Venus.  The  next  petition  proceeds  from  the 
Astronomer  Royal,  who  applies  for  additional 
salary  for  his  assistant. 

"  To  the  Right  Honorable  The 
Lords  Commissioners  of  His 
Majesty's  Treasury. 

«  The  Memorial  of  the  Rev*  Nevil  Maskelyne, 
B.D.,  Astronomer  Royal. 

«•  Humbly  sheweth 

"  That  the  business  of  your  Memorialist's  office,  in 
making  astronomical  observations  and  calculations  from 
them,  is  very  laborious,  and  cannot  be  executed  by  him- 
self alone  without  the  help  of  an  able  Assistant. 

"  That  your  Memorialist  (agreeable  to  the  original  in- 
stitution of  the  Royal  Observatory  in  the  year  1676)  is 
allowed  by  Government  only  26J.  W  ann.  for  maintaining 
an  Assistant,  which  allowance  is  totally  inadequate  for 
the  purpose,  and  that  Your  Memorialist  has  been  obliged 
to  increase  it  to  60Z.  out  of  his  own  pocket. 

"  That,  notwithstanding  this,  when  by  the  instructions 
of  your  Memorialist  the  Assistant  becomes  capable  of 
being  useful  to  him,  he  finds  his  labors  underpaid,  and 
leaves  him.  That  this  has  repeatedly  been  the  case,  to 
the  great  inconvenience  as  well  as  expence  of  Your  Me- 
morialist, and  to  the  obvious  detriment  of  the  Service  of 
the  institution.  That  his  present  Assistant  is  now  about 
to  leave  him  on  this  account  only. 

"  That  in  the  time  of  the  Astronomers  Royal,  who  pre- 
ceded Your  Memorialist,  very  considerable  perquisites 
arose  to  the  Assistant  from  shewing  the  Royal  Observa- 
tory to  strangers.  But,  that  upon  his  appointment  to  be 
His  Majesty's  astronomical  Observator  in  the  year  1765, 
he  was  strictly  forbidden  under  His  Majesty's  Sign 
Manual,  to  suffer  any  money  to  be  taken  for  shewing  the 
Ro3'al  Observatory,  which  injunction  has  been  punctually 
obeyed. 

"  That  Your  Memorialist  hopes,  from  the  facts  above- 
mentioned,  that  Your  Lordships  will  think  it  reasonable 
that  an  augmentation  should  be  made  to  the  Salarv  of 


the  Assistant,  which   augmentation  Your   Memorialist 
humbly  conceives  should  not  be  less  than  707.  a  year. 
"  NEVIL  MASKKLYNE, 

"  Astronomer  Royal. 
"  Royal  Observatory, 
at  Greenwich, 

March  7*,  1771." 

"  We  the  underwritten,  The  President  and  Council  of 
the  Royal  Society,  Visitors  of  the  Royal  Observatory,  do 
certify  that  we  are  satisfied  of  the  truth  of  the  facts'con- 
tained  in  this  Memorial ;  and  are  of  opinion  that  the 
augmentation  desired  for  the  Assistant  is  reasonable  and 
necessary  for  carrying  His  Majesty's  most  gracious  inten- 
tions for  the  benefit  of  Astronomy  and  Navigation  into 
execution,  if  your  Lordships  shall  think  fit. 

-"  J.  West,  P.  R.  S.  Marchmont 

James  Burrow,  V.  P.         Macclesfield 
J8  Porter  C.  S1  Davids 

Samuel  Dyer  Daines  Barrington 

John  Belch ier  Jno.  Campbell. 

Jno.  Blair 
M.  Maty 
Mat.  Duane 
Sami  Wegg 
William  Hunter 
Cha.  Morton,  Secr,  &c." 

This  petition  was  read  on  the  14th  March,  1771, 
and  again  on  the  16th  May  following;  when  my 
Lords  consented  to  recommend  to  his  Majesty  an 
additional  salary  of  70/.  a  year,  to  be  paid  to  the 
assistant  of  the  Astronomer  Royal  so  long  as  the 
said  Astronomer  should  not  suffer  any  money  to 
be  taken  for  showing  the  Royal  Observatory. 
("Treasury  Minute  Book,"  No.  41.  p.  143.) 

WILLIAM  HENRY  HART. 

Folkestone  House,  Roupell  Park,  Streatham. 


MATHEMATICAL  BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
(Continued  from  2nd  S.  viii.  466.) 

To  the  works  of  Theophrastus  I  might  have 
added  five  books  Prollematum  Collections  (Diog. 
L.,  op.cit.,  p.  203.,  11.  22—3.),  one  (other?)  book 
Problematum  Collectio  (p.  204.,  1.25.),  two  Deduc- 
torum  locorum  (p.  202.,  1.  20.),  one  Solutiones  (p. 
204.,  1.  16.),  one  de  Democriti  Astrologia  (p.  202., 
11.  27—8.),  one  de  Numeris  (p.  204.,  1.  19.),  and 
five  on  matters  connected  with  music  or  arith- 
metic, viz.,  one  De  Memuris  (p.  204.,  1.  20.), 
three  De  Musica  (p.  204.,  11.  16—17.),  and  one 
De  Musicis  (p.  205.,  11.  6 — 7).  Diog.  Laert.  also 
mentions  the  Harmoniacon  of  Metrodorus.  Heil- 
bronner  (p.  286.)  describes  Geminus  Rhodius  as 
the  author  of  a  work  "  De  ortu  Linearum  Spira- 
lium,  Conchoidarum  et  earum  Affectionibus," 
adding  (p.  287.  art.  f.),  "  Hoc  indicat  Catalogus 
librorum  ex  Barocciana  Bibliotheca  in  Angliam 
delatus." 

The  edition  of  Proclus  to  which  I  have  referred 
is  — 

Patavii,  fifteen-sixty.  PROCLI  Diadochi  (Lycii)  .... 
'  in  primum  Euclidis  Elementorum  librum '  .  .  .  '  com- 


340 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  MAY  5.  '60. 


mentaribrum  librum  IIII.'  <  A  Francisco  BAHOCIO  Pa- 
tritio  Veneto'  .  .  .  '  editi'  .  .  .  '  Excudebat  Gratiosus 
Perchacinus.'  Folio. 

The  words  "  vide  et  Gem.  in  6  lib.  Geometri- 
carum  enarrationum  "  in  the  margin  of  p.  262.  may 
be  a  reference  by  Barocius  to  Geminus. 
The  first  edition  of  Leslie's  work  is  — 
Edinburgh,  eighteen-seventeen.    LESLIE,  John.    '  Phi- 
losophy of  Arithmetic ;  exhibiting  a  progressive  view  of 
the  theory  and  practice  of  calculation,  with  an  enlarged 
table  of  the  products  of  numbers  under  one  hundred,1 
Octavo. 

The  title-page  of  the  1st  ed.  of  Montucla's 
Histoire  differs  from  that  of  the  2nd  only  in  the 
presence  of  a  motto  from  Bacon,  and  in  the  occur- 
rence of  *  M.'  in  place  of  Montucla's  initials. 

It  is  sometimes  difficult,  not  only  to  obtain  a 
correct  description  of  a  book,  but  to  ascertain  the 
name  of  its  author.  Thus  Murhard  (vol.  i.  p. 
139.)  ascribes  the  work  "  De  Characteribus  Nu- 
merorum  Vulgaribus "  to  Job.  Fr.  Weidler, 
while  the  Penny  Cyclopaedia  (vol.  xxvii.  p.  192.) 
informs  us  that  this  work  is  by  J.  F.  and  George 
Immanuel  Weidler,  and  Mr.  De  Morgan  (whom  it 
seems  almost  as  hopeless  to  detect  in  an  inaccuracy 
Of  detail  as  in  an  error  of  principle),  in  his  Refer" 
ences  simply  names  "  WeidlM*/* 

Wallis,  Weidler,  Heilbronner,  Leslie,  Peacock, 
t)elambre  and  De  Morgan  may  be  placed  among 
the  historians  of  arithmetic. 

Mr.  De  Morgan  places  the  works  of  Dechales 
and  Wolf  among  the  bibliographies,  and  in  the 
same  list  with  those  of  Lipenius,  Beughem,  Ey- 
ring,  Murhard,  Reuss,  and  Muller,  and  with  the 
"  Einleitung  zur  Mathematischen  Bucherkent- 
niss." 

Lipsia,  seventeen-ninety-seven.  MVRHARD  Frid. 
Gvil.  Avg.,  « Bibliotheca  Mathematical  '  Volvmen 
Primvm  continens  Scripta  generaliade  mathesi,  de  arith- 
metica  et  geometria.'  Octavo. 

Lipsice,  seventeen -ninety-eight  .  .  .  .  '  Volvmen 
eecundum  continens  scripta  geometrica  et  analytical 
Octavo. 

Lipsice,  eighteen -three  .  .  .  *  Tomvs  III.  continens 
scripta  de  scientiis  mechanicis  et  opticis.  Pars  Prima.' 
Octavo. 

Lipsice,  eighteen-four.  .  .  .  '  Tomvs  IV.  continens 
Scripta  de  scientiis  mechanicis  et  opticis.  Pars  Secunda.' 
Octavo. 

Each  volume  of  Murhard's  *  Bibliotheca  Mathe- 
matica,'  or  '  Litteratur  der  mathematischen  Wis- 
senschaften'  has  a  Latin  as  well  as  a  German 
title-page.  So  has  the  following  :  — 

Tubingce,  eighteen-thirty.  HOGG,  J.  '  Bibliotheca 
Mathematica  sive  criticus  librorum  mathematicorum, 
qui  inde  ab  rei  typographicse  exordio  ad  anni  1830mi 
usque  finem  excusi  sunt,  index  ad  varios  usus  commode 
dispositus  ab  .  .  .  .'  «  Sectio  I.  Libros  arithmeticos  et 
geometricos  complectens.'  Octavo.  The  '  Praefatio  Edi- 
toris'  opens  with  the  statement  «  Prima  hujusce  operis 
sectio  eos,  qui  ad  scientiam  arithmeticam  et  geometricam, 
alias  generatim  matheseos  puree  nomine  venientem  spec- 
tant,  libros  complectitur.  Sectio  altera  in  iis  operibus, 
quse  ad  malhesin  adplicatam  pertinent,  tota  versabitur.' 


The  following  has  an  English  title-page  :  — 

Leipsic  and  London,  eighteen-fifty-four.  SOHNCKE, 
L.A.,  Professor  of  Mathematics  at  Halle.  '  Bibliotheca 
Mathematica.  Catalogue  of  Books  in  Every  Branch  of 
Mathematics,  Arithmetic,  higher  Analj'sis,  constructive 
and  Analytical  Geometry,  Mechanics,  Astronomy,  and 
Geodesy,  which  have  been  published  in  Germany  and 
other  Countries  from  the  Year  1830  to  the  Middle  of 
1854.  Edited  by  [Sohncke].  With  a  complete  Index 
of  Contents.'  Octavo. 

In  connexion  with  the  names  of  Wallis,  Cossali, 
and  Hutton,  who  have  treated  specially  of  the 
history  of  algebra,  must  be  mentioned  those  of 
Waring,  Montucla,  Strachey,  Taylor,  Colebrooke, 
Rosen  and  Libri. 

Cantabrigice,  seventeen-sixtytwo.  WARING,  Edward. 
'  Miscellanea  Analytica,  de  aequationibus  algebraicis  et 
curvarum  proprietatibus.'  Quarto.  In  the  opening  of 
the  '  Prefatio  '  Waring,  speaking  of  the  '  Ars  Analytica,' 
says  that '  De  hujusce  Sciential  Progressu,  et  quae  diversis 
temporibus  acceperit,  incrementis,  abs  re  haud  alienum 
erit  pauca  preefari.' 

Less  than  three  pages,  however,  would  com- 
prise all  War  ing's  historical  matter. 

Cantabrigice,  seven  teen -seventy.  WARING,  Edward. 
'  Meditationes  Algebraicae.'  Quarto.  *  De  incrementis 
iis,  qua3  gradatim  res  ceperit  algebraica,  narrationem  hie 
contexui  brevem,  ut  sua  inventoribus  deferatur  gloria; 
atque  ut  iis  simul,  qui  progressus  artium  investigant 
curiosius,  aliqua  sit  ex  parte  satisfaction.  Ex  historiis 
clar.  virorum  Wallisii  et  Monteclu  qusedam  mutuatus 
sum.  quorum  alter  Harriotto  nostrati  nimis  favet,  alter 
quidem  gallicis  scriptoribus,  sed  humanum  est  sic  errare,' 
is  the  opening  of  the  '  Praefatio.' 

This  second  contribution  of  Waring  to  history, 
comprised  in  four  or  five  pages,  is  rather  more 
ample  than  the  first. 

A  short  history  of  algebra  was  given  in  Hall's 
Cyclopaedia,  and  a  more  elaborate  one  in  Rees's. 

A  paper  *  On  the  early  History  of  Algebra,' 
by  Edward  Strachey  is  printed  at  pp.  158—185. 
of  vol.  xii.  (Calcutta,  1816),  of  the  '  Asiatick 
Researches.' 

London,  eighteen-thirteen.  STRACHEY,  Edward,  of 
the  East  India  Company's  Bengal  Civil  Service.  '  Bija 
Ganita:  or  the  Algebra  of  the  Hindus.'  Quarto. 

Bombay,  eighteen-sixteen.  TAYLOR,  John,  M.D.  of 
the  Hon'ble  East  India  Company's  Bombay  Medical 
Establishment.  «  Lilawati :  or  a  treatise  on  Arithmetic 
and  Geometry,  by  BHASCARA  ACHARYA,  trans- 
lated from  the  original  Sanscrit  by  .  .  .'  Quarto. 

London,  eighteen-seventeen.  COLEBROOKE,  Henry 
Thomas.  '  Algebra,  with  Arithmetic  and  Mensuration, 
from  the  Sanscrit  of  BRAHMEGUPTA  and  BHAS- 
CARA.' Quarto. 

The  following  contains  some  little  history  and 
the  germ  of  recent  mathematical  discoveries : 

London,  eighteen-fourteen.  SPENCE,  William.  '  Out- 
lines of  a  Theory  of  Algebraical  Equations,  deduced  from 
the  principles  of  Harriott,  and  extended  to  the  Fluxional 
or  Differential  Calculus.'  Octavo. 

This  little  tract  was  not  intended  for  general 
circulation,  and  it  is  stated,  in  Davis  and  Dick- 
son's  advertisement,  or  "  Literary  Intelligence " 


2»<*  s.  IX.  MAY  5.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


341 


appended  to  it,  that  only  80  copies  were  printed. 
Mr.  Spence  (see  p.  90.)  died  before  the  printing 
was  completed,  and  the  original  manuscript,  from 
p.  80.,  was  accidentally  lost.  Mr.  Herschel,  how- 
ever, continued  the  development  of  the  theory  to 
p.  90.,  and  closed  the  investigation  at  this  point. 
Mr.  J.  Gait  informs  us  (p.  90.),  that  he. knows 
Mr.  Spence  did  not  intend  to  carry  it  further  in 
the  present  publication. 

The  work  of  Wronski  on  equations  is  not  men- 
tioned by  Hogg,  nor  are  Jerrard's  '  Researches' 
by  Sohncke.  JAMES  COCKLE,  M.A.,  &c. 

4.  Pump  Court,  Temple. 


Minor 

TITLE  or  MARQUIS.  —  It  is  a  curious  fact  no- 
ticed, I  think,  by  Wraxall,  that  from  the  time  of 
the  death  of  the  Marquis  of  Buckingham  in  July, 
1782,  the  title  of  Marquis  as  a  separate  and  inde- 
pendent gradation  in  the  English  Peerage  was  in 
abeyance  until  Nov.  1784,  when  Earl  Temple  and 
the  Earl  of  Shelburne  were  created,  respectively, 
Marquis  of  Buckingham  and  Marquis  of  Lans- 
downe.  E.  H.  A. 

ORIGIN  OF  THE  BUONAPARTE  FAMILY.  — 

"  There  is  a  curious  story  connected  with  Vitylo. 
About  a  hundred  and  fifty  years  ago,  say  the  people, 
emigration  from  Maina  into  Corsica  was  frequent; 
amongst  others  the  family  of  Kalomiris  or  Kalomeros 
(both  names  are  mentioned),  went  from  Vitylo,  who,  soon 
after  their  settlement  in  Corsica,  translated  their  name 
into  Italian — Buonaparte.  From  this  family  came  Napo- 
leon, who  was,  therefore,  of  Mainote  or  ancient  Spartan 
blood.  Pietro  Mavromakhalis,  it  is  said,  when  he  visited 
Napoleon  at  Trieste,  claimed  him  as  a  fellow-countryman 
on  the  faith  of  this  story.  The  Mainotes  implicitly  be- 
lieve it;  the  emigration  at  the  time  mentioned  is  a 
matter  of  histoo',  and  the  fact  that  the  name  of  Buona- 
parte previously  existed  in  Italy,  is  no  proof  that  the 
Corsican  Buonapartes  may  not  originally  have  been  the 
Kalmeros  of  Maina.  The  thing  is  possible  enough  ;  and 
somebody  who  is  sufficiently  interested  in  the  present 
race  of  Buonapartes  to  make  researches,  would  probably 
be  able  to  settle  the  question."— -Bayard  Taylor's  Travels 
in  Greece  and  Rutsia,  p.  181. 

E.  H.  A. 

"ERASE"  AND  "CANCEL."— In  the  article  on 
the  "  Shakspeare  Forgeries,"  in  the  last  Edinburgh 
Review,  the  writer  asks  (p.  471.  n.)  : 

"  Why  has  not  our  language  two  words— one  to  denote 
actual  obliteration  by  scratching  or  defacing ;  the  other, 
the  sign  (cross  lines)  denoting  obliteration  ?  " 

Our  language  has  two  such  words  :  — • 
'  ERASE  "  =  "  to  expunge,  to  rub  out." 
" CANCEL"  =  " cancellis  notare,"  "to  mark  with  cross 
lines,  to  cross  a  writing."    (Johnson.} 

It  is  true  these  words  are  often  misused  ;  but 
that  is  the  fault  of  the  writers,  not  the  language. 
The  reviewer  uses  "erasure"  for  "cancel"  or 
"  cancellation."  g.  C. 


RACES  BY  RUNNING  FOOTMEN.  —  In 'a  MS. 
Diary  of  Sir  Erasmus  Philipps,  5th  baronet  of 
Picton  Castle  (ob.  1743),  I  find  a  curious  illustra- 
tion of  the  amusements  of  the  Oxford  men  a 
hundred  and  forty  years  ago.  Sir  Erasmus  had 
just  matriculated  at  Oxford,  and  was  employing 
his  leisure  in  visiting  places  of  note  in  its  vicinity. 
What  he  saw  upon  one  occasion,  his  Diary  shall 
relate  :  — 

"  1720,  Sept.  19th.  Rode  ont  to  New  Woodstock,  7 
miles  from  Oxford.  Dined  at  the  Bear,  2s.  6d.  ordinary. 
In  the  Evening  rode  to  Woodstock  Park,  where  saw  a 
footrace  between  Groves  (Duke  Wharton's  running  foot- 
man) and  Phillips  (Mr.  Diston's).  My  namesake  run 
the  4  miles  round  the  course  in  18  minutes,  and  won  the 
race ;  and  thereby  his  master  1000/.,  the  sum  Groves  and 
he  (who  were  both  stark  naked)  started  for.  On  this  oc- 
casion there  was  a  most  prodigious  concourse  of  people. 
Returned  to  Woodstock,  whence,  after  some  refreshment, 
galloped  to  Oxford." 

I  fancy  that  the  classical  "Dons"  of  Oxford  in 
1860  would  be  greatly  scandalised  by  such  a  re- 
vival of  the  Olympic  Games  in  their  vicinity. 

JOHN  PAVIN  PHILLIPS. 

Haverfordwest. 


THE  LIVERY  COLLAR  OF  SCOTLAND. 

In  the  year  1850,  when  the  correspondence  on 
the  Collar  of  SS.  was  at  its  height  in  "  N.  &  Q.," 
I  asked  (in  1st  S.  ii.  330.)  whether  any  of  the 
antiquaries  of  Scotland  could  furnish  me  with 
evidence  in  confirmation  of  the  following  state- 
ment, made  by  Nicholas  Upton :  —  "  Kex  etiam 
Scotise  dare  solebat  pro  signo  vel  titulo  suo  unum 
collarium  de  gormettis  fremalibus  equorum  de  auro 
vet  argento."  —  Nic.  Uptoni  de  Studio  Militari. 
(Nicholas  Upton  is  said  to  have  written  this  work 
about  the  year  1441 ;  Moule,  Bibliotheca  He- 
raldica,  pp.  7.  141.) 

The  only  answer  I  received  was  the  following 
very  strange  one  from  a  writer  signing  himself 
ARMIGER  (same  vol.  p.  363.)  I  was  told  that  — 

"  This  passage  neither  indicates  that  a  King  of  Scot- 
land is  referred  to,  nor  does  it  establish  that  the  collar 
was  given  as  a  livery  sign  or  title.  It  merely  conveys 
something  to  this  purport,  that  the  king  was  accustomed 
to  give  to  his  companions,  as  a  sign  or  title,  a  collar  of 
gold  or  silver  shaped  like  the  bit  of  a  horse's  bridle." 

This  view  of  the  matter  is  only  intelligible  upon 
the  presumption  that  ARMIGER  so  far  misread  the 
passage  as  to  take  the  word  "  scocie  "  (for  so  it  is 
printed  in  Upton,  without  a  capital),  as  equivalent 
to  sociis.  I  did  not,  however,  make  any  reply,  be- 
cause I  was  not  inclined  to  continue  the  contro- 
versy with  such  weapons  as  my  opponent  chose  to 
take  up,  particularly  as  I  was  writing  under  my  real 
name,  whilst  he  remained  concealed  as  ARMIGER. 
Besides,  I  had  some  hope  that  my  appeal  to  "  the 
antiquaries  of  Scotland  "  in  particular  might  meet 


342 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"-i  S.  IX.  MAY  5.  '60. 


with  a  response,  at  once  more  courteous  and 
more  instructive.  The  evidence  I  wish  to  dis- 
cover, if  any  such  exists,  would  be  in  answer  to 
this  question,  Did  the  Kings  of  Scotland  ever 
give  a  livery  collar  ?  I  am  aware  that  the  collar 
of  the  order  of  the  Thistle,  as  it  appears  in  the 
most  ancient  examples,  has  been  supposed  to  re- 
semble horse-bridles  ;  but  I  suspect  the  resem- 
blance was  merely  imaginary;  and  unless  the 
order  of  the  Thistle  can  be  shown  to  have  been 
originally  an  order  of  livery,  it  will  not  be  what 
I  ask  for.  The  distinction  between  the  collar  of 
livery  and  the  collar  of  an  order  of  knighthood 
consists  mainly  in  this  ;  that  in  the  latter  case  the 
society  or  company  of  knights  —  for  the  word 
"  order"  is  embarrassing,  its  original  sense  having 
been  livery,  the  very  thing  from  which  it  is  here 
necessary  to  distinguish  it, — was  generally  limited, 
as  in  the  sodalitas  of  the  Garter  to  twenty-five, 
and  in  that  of  the  Thistle  to  twelve  persons; 
whereas  the  livery  collar  was  given  to,  or  assumed 
by,  an  unlimited  number  of  feudal  or  political  ad- 
herents, state  officers,  and  household  servants, 
whether  they  were  knights,  esquires,  or  merely 
Serjeants  (servientes).  The  earliest  of  the  livery 
collars  of  which  I  am  aware  was  that  of  the  cosses 
de  geneste  in  France.  In  England  we  had  the 
Collar  of  Esses  of  the  House  of  Lancaster  ;  and 
the  Collar  of  Roses  and  Suns  of  tne  House  of 
York.  I  believe  that  there  were  also  livery  col- 
lars in  other  parts  of  Europe,  the  reality  and 
identity  of  which  I  shall  be  glad  to  ascertain.  It 
is  with  the  like  view  that  I  now  repeat  my  in- 
quiry whether  any  livery  collar  was  ever  given 
by  the  Kings  of  Scotland  ? 

JOHN  GOUGH  NICHOLS. 


ALLUSION  IN  THE  "  ROLLIAD." — The  last  of  the 
translations  of  Lord  Belgrave's  quotation  in  the 
Political  Miscellanies  at  the  end  of  the  Rolliad,  is 
"  by  Sir  Joseph  Mawbey  " :  — 

"  Had  great  Achilles  stood  but  half  as  quiet, 
He'd  been  by  Xanthus  drench'd,  as  /  by  Wyatt." 

To  what  does  this  allude  ?  W.  D. 

FITZGIBBON'S  "  IRISH  DICTIONARY."  —  I  have 
lately  met  with  the  following  particulars  in  the 
Dublin  Chronicle,  5th  April,  1792  :  — 

"  Last  week  died  at  Kilkenny,  Mr.  Philip  Fitzgibbon, 
mathematician,  aged  81  years.  Mr.  Fitzgibbon  was  sup- 
posed to  possess  a  more  accurate  and  extensive  know- 
ledge of  the  Irish  language  than  any  other  person  living; 
and  his  latter  years  were  employed"in  compiling  an  Irish 
Dictionary,  which  he  has  left  completed  except  the  letter 
S,  and  that  he  appears  to  have  forgot.  The  Dictionary 
is  contained  in  about  400  quarto  pages;  and  it  is  a  re- 
markable instance  of  patient  perseverance,  that  every 
word  is  written  in  Roman  or  Italick  characters,  to  imitate 
printing.  This,  with  many  other  curious  manuscripts, 
all  in  Irish,  he  has  willed  to  the  Rev.  Mr.  O'Donnell." 

Can  anyone  give  me  any  information  respecting 


this  MS. 


.     If  extant,  where  is  it?     „„  . 

in  whole  or  in  part,  appeared  in  print  ?     Is  any 
thing  known  of  Mr.  Fitzgibbon  ?  ABHBA. 


And_has  it, 


CHURCH  TOWERS  :  THEIR  ORIGIN  AND  EARLY 
USE. — In  a  notice  of  Weingartner's  System  des 
Christlichen  Thurnibanes,  in  the  Saturday  Review 
for  April  21,  it  is  stated  to  be  the  author's  object 
to  prove  that  the  practice  of  using  church  towers 
as  belfries  is  very  modern  and  degenerate  :  — 

"  Their  first  origin,  he  maintains,  was  as  a  monument 
to  those  who  were  not  worthy  to  be  buried  in  a  church ; 
and,  afterwards,  they  were  joined  to  the  church  to  mark 
and  adorn  the  spot  where  the  altar  concealed  the  sacred 
relics.  Their  gradual  application  as  belfries,  and  the 
oblivion  of  their  pristine  destination,  were  indicated  as 
centuries  went  on  by  their  more  and  more  westerly  posi- 
tion." 

Has  this  strange "  theory  had  any  supporters 
previous  to  Herr  Weingartner  ?  C.  J.  ROBINSON. 

THE  ROBERTONS  OF  BEDLAY,  NEAR  GLASGOW. — 
In  the  reign  of  Charles  I.  the  estate  of  Bedlay, 
with  its  fine  antique  mansion-house,  belonged  to 
James  Roberton,  Esq.,  who  became  one  of  the 
Judges  of  the  Court  of  Session,  under  the  title  of 
Lord  Bedlay.  His  descendants  continued  owners 
of  the  estate  down  till  near  the  close  of  last  cen- 
tury, when  it  was  judicially  sold.  Can  any  of 
your  correspondents  state  whether  Mr.  Roberton, 
the  last  owner,  died  childless  ?  or,  if  not,  who  is 
the  present  representative  of  this  old  Lanarkshire 
family  ?  A  feeling  of  respectful  interest  prompts 
me  to  ask  this  information.  NEMO. 

MAP  OF  ROMAN  BRITAIN.  —  Amongst  the  an- 
cient maps  in  the  King's  Library,  British  Museum, 
I  find  one  entituled  "  Britannia  Romana,  collected 
from  Ptolemy  Antonine's  Itinerary  by  J.  An- 
drews." At  the  foot  of  the  map  is  this  :  "  London, 
published,  &c.,  Sep.  12,  1797,  by  J.Andrews,  No. 
211.,  facing  Air  Street,  Picadilly."  "Drawn  and 
engraved  by  J.  Andrews."  And  on  the  right- 
hand  upper  corner  is  "  Plate  IX." 

I  should  be  glad  to  be  informed  of  the  title,  &c., 
of  the  work  to  which  this  map  belongs ;  and  also 
if  it  be  possible  to  procure  a  copy  of  it  ? 

B.  B.  WOODWARD. 

Haverstock  Hill. 

DA  VIES  OF  LLANDOVERY. — The  family  of  Davies 
of  Llandovery,  in  Carmarthenshire  (now  Davies 
of  Pentre),  claim  to  be  of  Tudor  blood,  and  fre- 
quently use  the  Christian  names  of  "  Owen"  and 
"  Tudor."  Can  any  of  your  correspondents  in- 
form me  of  the  grounds  of  the  claim  ?  W.  W. 

PUNISHMENTS,  ANCIENT  AND  MODERN.  —  Where 
can  I  find  a  description  of  the  different  punish- 
ments used  in  the  army  and  navy,  and  at  schools, 
both  in  ancient  and  modern  times  —  modern 
especially  ?  Also,  the  names  of  the  best  reports 
of  criminal  cases  during  the  last  twenty  or  thirty 
years  ?  HJENRY  KELLY. 


S.  IX.  MAY  5.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


343 


"  THE  PORTBEATURE  OF  DALiLAH."  —  Can  any 
correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q."  give  the  author  of 
the  following  uncommon  volume,  unknown  to 
Watt*,  Lowndes,  Cooke,  and  Darling.  The  two 
first  works  in  the  volume  is  mentioned  by  Ames, 
p.  1150.,  without  number  of  pages  ;  but  no  notice 
is  taken  of  the  third  and  concluding  pieces. 

"Two  Fruitfull  Exercises:  The  one,  — A  Christian 
Discourse  upon  the  16  and  17  verses  of  the  16  Chapter  of 
the  Booke  of  Judges,  wherin  are  handled  these  Three 
principal  Heads :  The  Portreature  of  Dalila ;  The  Bridle 
of  Lust;  The  Scale  of  Secrets.— The  other:  A  Godly 
Meditation  upon  the  41  and  42  verses  of  the  10  Chapter 
of  Saint  Luke,  containing  especially:  The  Profit  of  Re- 
proofe;  Together  with  the  Necessitie  and  Excellencie  of 
God's  Word.  Also  a  Briefe  Discourse  intituled,  A  Buckler 
against  a  Spanish  Brag;  written  upon  the  first  Rumor 
of  the  intended  Invasion,  and  now  not  altogether  unmeet 
to  be  published.  By  E.  R.  Londini  Impensis  G.  Bishop. 
1588."  8vo.,  pp.  176. 

DANIEL  SEDGWICK. 

Sun  Street,  City. 

RAPIN  AND  TINDAL'S  "  HISTORY  or  ENGLAND." 
—  The  new  style,  as  is  well  known,  was  adapted 
in  England  in  1752.  I  shall  be  glad  if  any  of  your 
numerous  correspondents  can  inform  me  whether 
the  dates  in  Kapin  and  Tindal's  History  are  cal- 
culated according  to  the  new  style  ?^  The  work  is 
always  quoted  as  a  standard  authority,  and  I  per- 
ceive that  Mr.  C.  Knight,  in  his  new  History, 
often  relies  upon  it  to  fix  a  date.  The  first  volume 
of  the  second  edition  was  published  in  1732,  and 
the  last  of  the  continuation  in  1747.  Could  you 
obtain  a  list  of  the  best  historians  in  which  the 
new  style  is  rigidly  followed,  you  would  confer  a 
great  benefit  on  students  of  history.  G.  R. 

"THE  HAPPY  WAY." — I  have  a  battered  copy 
of  this  book,  without,  a  title.  The  Preface  is 
signed  "  R.  C."  From  an  allusion  the  work  seems 
to  have  been  written  before  the  death  of  Sir 
Richard  Baker.  The  author  says  he  had  written 
"  a  former  book,  intituled  The  Way  to  Happiness 
on  Earth"  in  which  he  answers  the  objections 
usually  made  "by  the  followers  of  Momus  and 
Zoilus  against  printing  of  books  in  these  times." 
This  curious  little  work  contains  the  theory  of  a 
Pilgrim's  Progress;  it  is,  however,  anything  but 
allegorical.  The  object  of  this  note  is  to  inquire 
what  is  known  of  The  Happy  Way,  and  who  is  its 
author  ?  B.  H.  C. 

"PouNTEFREix,"  ETC. — Henry  III.,  about  1260, 
built  the  first  royal  palace  at  Shene,  on  the  Surrey 
side  of  the  Thames,  nearly  opposite  the  village  of 
Isleworth,  appropriating  it  as  a  residence  for  his 
son  Edw.  I.,  and  it  was  occupied  successively  by 
both  Edw.  II.  and  III.  During  the  reigns  of  the 
two  last  monarchs  various  documents  are  dated 
from  Shene  and  Istelworth,  or  Isleworth.  One  in 
14th  of  Edward  II.  on  Monday  2nd  March  (A.D. 


*  This  work  is  noticed  by  Watt,  Authors,  vol.  i.  116  r.] 


1321),  of  importance,  respecting  uniformity  of 
weights  and  measures.  There  are  also  four  others  : 
one  dated  Saturday,  28th  November,  and  three 
more  dated  Monday,  30th  November  (in  the  same 
year,  A.D.  1321),  or  15th  of  the  king.  I  beg  to 
specify  these  last  with  a  view  to  found  a  Query, 
for  which  I  request  information  from  some  reader 
of  your  miscellany.  They  are  from  Rymer's 
Fcedera  of  the  "  Record  Commission"  (vol.  ii.  part 
i.  p.  461.;,  signed  : 

"  Teste  Rege,  apud  Pountefreit  super  Thamis'  xxviii 

ov*^  1321. 

Ditto,    apud    Pountfreyt  super   Thamis'    xxx    die 
t>»«,  1321. 

"  Ditto,  apud  Pontem  Fractum  super  Thamis'  xxx  die 

vbr«,  1321. 

"  Ditto,  apud  Pontem  Fractum,  xxx  dieXovbri»  1321." 

The  precise  locality  of  this  "  Pontefract  on  the 
Thames"  I  have  for  some  time  ineffectually  en- 
deavoured to  ascertain ;  but  in  No.  226.,  the  last 
of  the  Edinburgh  Review,  there  is  an  article  throw- 
ing much  light  upon  the  nomenclature  of  places  in 
England;  and  at  p.  365.,  Pontes  is  designated  as 
the  present  Staines,  which,  being  in  the  high  road 
of  the  metropolis  to  Salisbury,  Exeter,  and  parti- 
cularly to  the  mines  of  Cornwall,  mu&t  have  been 
a  place  of  some  importance  ;  most  probably  with 
a  bridge  over  the  Thames,  and  which  might  have 
fallen  into  decay.  I  shall  thank  any  reader  of 
"N.  &  Q."  who  will  inform  me  if  my  conjecture 
be  right,  or  explain  the  subject.*  *. 

WEATHER  GLASSES. — A  considerable  number 
of  what  are  termed  "  Chemical  Weather  Glasses" 
appear  to  be  used  in  the  West,  and  perhaps  other 
parts,  of  England  ;  which,  on  dit,  are  superseding 
the  barometer  as  a  storm  indicator,  and  which  are 
I  believe  merely  camphor  in  some  liquid  prepara- 
tion. 

I  have  seen  the  effects  produced  on  these  glasses, 
which  are  apparently  the  result,  of  an  impending 
change  of  weather,  and  certainly  were,  under  any 
circumstances,  curious  and  interesting.  The  ques- 
tion is,  are  these  glasses  at  all  what  they  profess 
to  be  ?  I  fear  this  Query  is  one  hardly  in  cha- 
racter with  your  excellent  publication;  but  still 
if  any  of  your  correspondents,  who  combine  scien- 
tific knowledge  with  leisure  and  kindness,  would 
inform  me  how  far  these  glasses  are  to  be  relied 
on,  and  on  what  principle  they  act,  they  would 
greatly  oblige  .  EXON. 

ST.  DUNSTAN'S  SCHOOL. — Malcolm,  in  his  Lon- 
dinium  Redivivum,  tells  us  that  Sir  Nicholas 
Bacon  and  Sir  William  Cecil  having  petitioned 
Queen  Elizabeth  that  her  majesty  would  grant 
them  a  patent  to  establish  and  erect  a  "  Free 
Grammar  School"  for  the  education  and  instruc- 
tion of  the  youth  of  the  parish  of  St.  Dunstan's, 


[*  See  "  N.  &  Q.."  1st  S.  ii.  205.,  where  a  correspondent 
expresses  his  opinion  that  Kingston  Bridge  was  the 
Pomfret  on  the  Thames.  —  ED.} 


344 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


S.  IX.  MAY  5.  '60. 


Fleet  Street,  for  ever,  her  majesty  was  graciously 
pleased  to  grant  such,  dated  April  8th,  1561. 
Farther;  there  were  sixteen  governors  to  pre- 
side over  this  institution,  a  master,  and  one  usher. 
Three  Masters  of  Chancery  at  that  period,  the 
Clerk  of  the  Petty  Bag  of  the  same  court,  and 
the  Registrar,  with  James  Good,  M.D,,  and  ten 
parishioners,  were  the  first  governors. 
After  giving  the  above,  Malcolm  says  — 
"  The  above  is  all  the  information  I  can  obtain  on  the 
subject.  Where  the  school  was  held ;  what  endowments 
it  had,  and  how  lost,  is,  I  believe,  not  known  in  the 
parish.  As  the  last  date  relating  to  it  is  in  1648,  no 
doubt  the  confusion  of  the  times  was  fatal  to  the  institu- 
tion." 

Now,  can  any  of  your  contributors  afford  me 
any  information  about  the  above  ?  Something 
since  1803,  when  Malcolm  wrote,  may  have  arisen 
that  would  perhaps  throw  a  light  upon  this  would- 
be  valuable,  but  lost  school,  and  oblige  T.  C~N. 

ATTER  AND  ALLT,  THEIR  DERIVATION. — These 
are  prefixes  to  names  of  places  in  Lancashire,  as 
Atterpile  and  Allithwaite.  Can  any  of  your 
readers  conversant  with  etymology  kindly  inform 
me  of  their  derivation  ?  FINLAYSON. 

"  MAN  TO  THE  PLOUGH,"  &c.  —  The  following 
lines  were  quoted  some  ten  or  twelve  years  since 
at  an  agricultural  dinner  by  one  of  the  speakers. 
Can  any  of  your  readers  afford  any  information 
as  to  their  author  ? 

"  Man  to  the  plough, 
Wife  to  the  sow, 
Boy  to  the  flail, 
Girl  to  the  pail, 

And  your  rents  will  be  netted : 
But  man,  Tally-ho ! 
Miss,  Piano", 
Boy,  Greek  and  Latin, 
Wife,  silk  and  satin, 
And  you'll  soon  be  gazetted." 

F.  WAGSTAFF. 
Greenwich. 

MANNERS  OF  THE  LAST  CENTURY.  —  I  wish 
some  of  your  contributors  would  tell  us,  through 
vour  paper,  where  we  can  find,  or  if  they  cannot 
do  that,  would  say,  what  were  the  manners  of  the 
English  gentry  in  the  last  fifty  years  of  the  last 
century ;  when  they  dined,  in  the  country  how 
they  spent  their  evenings,  and  again  how  people 
lived  in  London,  as  to  hours  of  rising,  eating,  &c., 
and  evening  amusements.  T.  C. 

A  FEMALE  CORNET. — I  have  somewhere  seen  it 
stated  that,  in  the  early  part  of  the  reign  of 
George  III.,  a  young  lady  nine  years  of  age  was 
gazetted  as  a  cornet  of  horse,  and  actually  drew 
her  half-pay  for  several  years,  till  marriage  or  some 
other  reason  induced  her  to  resign  her  commis- 
sion. 

Can  this  be  so  P  If  such  was  the  case,  what 
was  the  young  lady's  name  ?  May  it  not  be  a 


mistake,  originating  in  the  circumstance  that  fe- 
minine names  are,  or  were,  occasionally  given  at 
baptism  to  boys  ?  Witness  the  Hon.  Anne  Pow- 
lett,  brother  to  Earl  Powlett. 

In  France,  I  believe,  the  practice  is  more  com- 
mon than  in  this  country.  W.  D. 

HEREDITARY  ALIAS  :  DR.  JOHNSON'S  NURSE. — 
At  page  10.  of  the  original  12mo.  edition  of  An 
Account  of  the  Life  of  Dr.  Samuel  Johnson,  from 
his  Birth  to  his  Eleventh  Year,  written  by  Himself, 
London,  1805,  occurs  the  following  passage  :  — 

"  I  was  by  my  father's  persuasion  put  to  one  Marclevv, 
commonly  called  Bellison,  the  servant,  or  wife  of  a  ser- 
vant of  my  father,  to  be  nursed." 

And  the  Editor,  Mr.  Wright  of  Lichfield,  ap- 
pends a  note  — 

"  The  name  of  Marklew,  alias  Bellison,  is  yet  common, 
in  Lichfield,  and  is  usually  so  distinguished." 

Is  the  above  a  solitary  or  a  singular  instance 
of  an  hereditary  alias ;  and  is  the  name  of  Mark- 
lew  still  thus  distinguished  at  Lichfield  ?  Had 
the  great  Samuel  remembered  his  nurse  when  he 
was  writing  his  Dictionary,  she  might  have  figured 
as  an  "  example  "  in  the  room  of  David  Mallet. 

F.  S.  C.  M. 

ACHESON  FAMILY.  —  Is  anything  known  rela- 
tive to  the  ancestors  of  the  Earls  of  Gosford 
prior  to  their  settlement  in  Ireland  ?  All  accounts 
of  the  family,  with  which  I  have  been  able  to 
meet,  commence  with  Archibald  Acheson,  Soli- 
citor-General for  Scotland,  &c.,  who  left  Gosford, 
co.  Haddington,  N.B.  about  1611,  and  settled  in 
Ireland. 

I  find  among  the  vicars  of  Pevensey,  co.  Sussex, 
"  John  Acheson."  He  married  in  1604  Elizabeth 
Mylward  (his  second  wife),  and  died  in  1639, 
leaving  issue.  Was  he  a  member  of  the  Scottish 
family  ?  The  name  is  certainly  rare  in  the  South 
of  England  at  so  early  a  date. 

C.  J.  ROBINSON,  M.  A. 

Six  TOWERS  ON  THE  COAST. — 

"  Sir  Joseph  *  chaunts,  to  birth-day  tunes, 
Scarps,  glacis,  hornworks,  and  half  moons, 

And  Richmond's  triumphs  sings; 
Sir  George's  f  muse  alone  is  able 
To  sketch  his  six  brick  towers  of  Babel, 
And  charm  the  best  of  Kings." 

(Fitzpatrick.) 

Towards  the  close  of  the  last  century  the  Duke 
of  Richmond,  Master-General  of  the  Ordnance, 
expended  very  large  sums  in  fortifying  the  coast  of 
England.  Among  other  defensive  works  ordered 
were  six  towers.  They  are  described  in  the  esti- 
mates as  "  six  brick  towers,  intended  for  the  de- 
fence of  the  south  coast.  Cost  320,000/." 

Now  that,.under  a  real  or  supposed  necessity,  a 
similar  outlay  is  being  made,  I  feel  some  curi- 


*  Mawbey. 


|  Howard. 


2»a  S.  IX.  MAY  5.  '00.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


345 


osity  to  know  where  these  buildings  stood.  I 
believe  they  commenced  near  Southsea,  and  ex- 
tended in  the  direction  of  Dover.  They  must 
not  be  confounded  with  the  "  Martello  towers," 
which  were  erected  full  ten  years  later,  because 
one  of  our  frigates  had  been  repulsed  by  a  fort 
called  the  Martello  (hammer),  somewhere  in  the 
Mediterranean.  W.  D. 

ARMY  AND  NAVY.— Was  the  "Navy  and  Army  " 
ever  proposed  at  convivial  meetings  at  any  period 
of  English  history;  or  did  the  "Army"  always 
precede  the  "Navy"  as  a,  toast  at  a  convivial 
banquet;  in  other  words,  did  the  "Army"  al- 
ways take  the  precedence  of  the  "  Navy  "  ?  H. 

THE  OILY  HERO. — Among  some  old  newspaper 
cuttings  I  have  a  copy  of  verses  headed  "  Dum 
vivimus  bibamu?,"  the  ingenuity  of  which  con- 
sists in  making  every  couplet  end  with  "  water," 
and  in  not  directly  naming  any  of  the  persons 
injured  by  it.  Thus  :  — 

"  The  Danish  courtier  had  a  virtuous  daughter, 

Damaged  by  calumny,  but  killed  by  water." 
"The  oiley  hero,  'scaped  from  fire  and  slaughter, 
Women  and  wine,  but  died  of  drinking  water." 

"  These  are  old  fond  paradoxes  to  make  fools 
Laugh  in  the  — " 

refreshment  houses;  but,  knowing  the  rest,  I 
shall  be  glad  to  be  told  who  is  "  the  oiley  hero  "  ? 

A.  A.  R. 
MAIDS  OF  HONOUR. — 

"  Ye  maids  who  Britain's  court  bedeck, 
Miss  Wrottesley,  Beauclerk,  Tryon,  Keck, 
Miss  Meadows  and  Boscawen?'  &c. 

Ode  to  the  Maids  of  Honour,  1770.* 

I  want  the  parentage  and  connexions'  of  these 
six  ladies.  Miss  Wrottesley  was  sister  to  the  lady 
who  married  the  Duke  of  Grafton  after  his  di- 
vorce from  Miss  Liddell.  Miss  Keck  was  pro- 
bably one  of  the  Legh-Kecks,  of  Great  Tew 
House,  Oxfordshire,  a  property  which  has  since 
passed  into  other  hands.  I  could  guess  at  the 
rest,  but  should  probably  be  wrong  in  some,  at 
least,  of  my  conjectures. 

Dr.  Doran  says  that  in  those  days  respectable 
coachmen  would  not  have  allowed  their  daughters 
to  associate  with  the  maids  of  honour.  Can  this 
have  been  true,  at  any  time,  of  the  young  ladies 
of  Queen  Charlotte's  courts  ?  "  W.  D. 

TAP  DRESSING.  — 

"  TAP  DRESSING — We  are  sure  all  our  readers— es- 
pecially those  who  have  seen  a  tap  dressing  —  will  hail 
with  pleasure  the  announcement,  that  steps  are  about  to 
be  taken  to  have  the  taps  at  Wirksworth  dressed  on 
Whit- Wednesday  next.  For  the  last  two  years  they  have 
been  everything  that  could  be  desired,  and  the  healthful 
pleasure  attendant  upon  them  has  been  felt  by  thousands. 


"*  Our  correspondent  should  have  stated  where  he 
found  this  Ode.  — ED.] 


It  is  a  remarkable  fact  that  not  a  single  objection  can  be 
made  to  the  custom.  Another  circumstance  is,  that  it  is 
strictly  local ;  it  belongs  to  Derbyshire  alone.  We  feel 
strongly  for  these  old  customs,  as  links  of  the  chain  con- 
necting us  with  the  past  and  appealing  to  us  with  their 
deep  meaning  and  significance— their  fostering  of  hos- 
pitality—  and  their  drawing  together  peer  and  peasant, 
master  and  man,  in  bonds  which  degrade  neither." 

Is  the  above  a  common  practice  ?  and  I  am 
obliged  to  ask  what  it  means.  B. 


"  THE  WIDOW  OF  THE  WOOD  ;  being  an  au- 
thentic Narrative  of  a  late  remarkable  Trans- 
action in  Staffordshire,"  Glasgow,  1769.  Some 
one  has  written  inside  the  cover,  — 

"  A  curious  and  extraordinary  book.  Longman  &  Co. 'a 
Catalogue,  1817,  No.  2655.,  price  18s.  This  volume  details 
a  variety  of  curious,  and  almost  romantic,  occurrences  con- 
nected with  some  of  the  most  respectable  families  in  Staf- 
fordshire, and  which  took  place  about  the  year  1750." 

Can  you  furnish  me  with  any  farther  particulars 
respecting  the  parties  hinted  at,  or  fill  up  the 

blanks  of  Sir  W- — m  W y  of  W y  Hall, 

and  Mrs.  Wh y  of  Wh— ^-y  Wood  ?    ' 

GEORGE  LLOYD. 

\The  Widow  of  the  Wood,  first  published  in  1755,  is  the 
production  of  Benjamin  Victor,  the  dramatist.  A  sum- 
mary account  of  its  romantic  details  is  given  in  the  Gent. 
Mag.  xxv.  191.  The  blanks  quoted  above  we  have  no 
wish  to  fill  up,  for  the  sake  of  an  honourable  family  still 
in  existence.  On  a  fly-leaf  of  a  copy  of  this  work  now 
before  us  some  one  has  written  the  following  couplet :  — 

"  Slander  still  prompts  true  merit  to  defame. 
To  blot  the  brightest  worth,  and  blast  the  fairest  name." 

Lowth's  Hercules'  Choice. 

The  maiden  name  of  the  "widow"  was  Anne  Northey. 
Her  first  husband  was  Mr.  Whitby ;  her  fourth,  Mr.  Har- 
grave,  father  of  the  celebrated  jurist,  who,  by  her  death, 
and  the  consequent  lapse  of  her  jointure,  sustained  a  con- 
siderable loss.  Every  copy  of  the  work  which  could  be 
found  was  destroyed  by  Mr.  Hargrave's  son,  the  coun- 
sellor. See  «  N.  &  Q."  i«  S.  ii.  468. ;  iii.  13.] 

JOHN  MAXWELL,  .a  blind  poet,  published  by 
subscription  at  York  two  tragedies  having  the 
following  titles:  The  Royal  Captive,  8vo.,  1745; 
and  The  Distressed  Virgin,  8vo.,  1761..  Can  you 
give  me  any  account  of  the  subjects,  &c.  Any 
information  regarding  the  author  would  be  ac- 
ceptable, X. 

[The  scene  of  The  Royal  Captive  is  Sparta ;  and  the 
Dramatis  Personce,  Ajax,  King  of  Sparta;  Albertus, 
brother  to  the  King;  Paransus,  favourite  to  the  King; 
Serapsis,  favourite  to  the  Prince;  Tarascus,  Captain  of 
the  Guards ;  Macillus,  an  Epirot ;  A  Gentleman  ;  A  Mes- 
senger; Mandana,  the  Captive  Princess;  Eliza,  an  at- 
tendant on  Mandana.  The  Dramati»  Personce  of  The 
Distressed  Virgin  aval  —  Men.  Lord  Airy;  Araxes,  at- 
tendant on  Lord  Airy;  Archilas,  guardian  to  Cleona; 
Polono,  servant  to  Archilas.  Women.  Felicia;  Cleona; 
Melanta,  friend  to  Cleona.  We  know  nothing  of  this 
blind  dramatist.  1 


346 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAY  5.  'GO. 


BUIA  DE  LA  CRUZADA. —  In  a  controversial 
work  by  the  Rev.  J.  Blanco  White  (Practical  and 
Internal  Evidence  against  Catholicism,  2nd  edit. 
1826),  the  above-named  bull  is  said  to  be  pub- 
lished every  year  in  the  Spanish  diversions.  Can 
you  inform  me  if  this  Crusade  Bull  is  still  pub- 
lished P  If  so,  on  what  occasion  ? 

GEORGE  LLOYD. 

[It  would  appear  from  the  following  notice  of  the 
Crusade  Bull  in  Ford's  Handbook  of  Spain,  1855,  p.  204., 
that  its  publication  is  still  continued:  —  "In  the  suburb 
of  Seville  was  the  celebrated  Porta  Cell  (Coali),  founded 
in  1450.  Here  was  printed  the  Bula  de  Cruzada,  so  called 
because  granted  by  Innocent  III.  to  keep  the  Spanish 
Crusaders  in  fighting  condition,  by  letting  them  eat  meat 
rations  in  Lent  when  they  could  get  them.  This,  the 
bull,  la  Bula,  is  announced  with  grand  ceremony  every 
January,  when  a  new  one  is  taken  out,  like  a  game  certi- 
ficate, by  all  who  wish  to  sport  with  flesh  and  fowl  with 
a  safe  conscience;  and  by  the  paternal  kindness  of  the 
Pope,  instead  of  paying  SI.  13s.  6d.,  for  the  small  sum  of 
dos  reales,  6d.,  a  man,  woman,  or  child,  may  obtain  this 
benefit  of  clergy  and  cookery:  but  woe  awaits  the  un- 
certificated  poacher  —  treadmills  for  life  are  a  farce  — 
perdition  catches  his  soul,  the  last  sacraments  are  denied 
to  him  on  his  death:  the  first  question  asked  by  the 
priest  is  not  if  he  repents  of  his  sins,  but  whether  he  has 
his  bula ;  and  in  all  notices  of  indulgences,  &c.,  Se  ha  de 
tener  la  bula  is  appended.  The  bull  acts  on  all  fleshly 
but  sinful  comforts,  like  soda  on  indigestion:  it  neu- 
tralises everything  except  heresy.  The  contract  in  1846 
was  for  10,000  reams  of  paper  to  print  them  on  at  Toledo, 
and  the  sale  produced  about  200,000/.  The  breaking  one 
fast  during  Lent  used  to  inspire  more  horror  than  break- 
ing any  two  commandments.  It  is  said  that  Spaniards 
now  fast  less;  but  still  the  staunch  and  starving  are 
disgusted  at  Protestant  appetites  in  eating  meat  break- 
fasts during  Lent.  It  sometimes  disarms  them  by  saying, 
'  Tengo  mi  bula  para  todo.' "] 

"KNAP,"  ITS  MEANING? — This  word  occurs 
frequently  in  the  names  of  places  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood of  Beaminster:  for  example,  Furzy- 
Knaps,  Stony-Knap,  Stoke-Knap,  Benville-Knap, 
Newnham-Knap,  Crown  Cross-Knap,  Caphays- 
Knap.  What  is  its  origin  and  meaning  ? 

VRTAN  RHEGED. 

[Pulman  in  his  Local  Nomenclature,  p.  95.,  informs  us 
that  "  Knap  is  a  very  common  term  in  the  west  of  Eng- 
land, for  rising  ground.  Hence  Misterton  Knap,  near 
Crewkerne,  and  Knap  Inn  at  Ford  Abbey.  It  is  evidently 
from  the  Anglo~Saxon  cneep  : 

"  Hark !  on  knap  of  yonder  hill 
Some  sweet  shepherd  tunes  his  quill.' — Brown.""] 

CORONATION,  WHEN  FIRST  INTRODUCED. — What 
is  the  earliest  mention  made  of  croivning  as  an  act 
of  royal  consecration  ?  We  find  this  ceremony 
expressly  recorded  2  Kings  xi.,  where  Jehoiada 
places  the  crown  on  the  head  of  the  young  King 
Jonsh.  But  though  frequently  employed  in  Holy 
Scripture  as  a  symbol  of  royalty,  no  notice  occurs 
of  its  actual  use  in  the  consecration  of  the  earlier 
Jewish  monarchs.  Saul  was  not  crowned  in  the 
ceremonial  sense:  Psalm  xxi.  3.  would  imply  more 
than  its  figurative  adoption.  Solomon  was  made 


to  ride  on  the  royal  mule,  was  duly  anointed,  and 
his  accession  proclaimed  by  sound  of  trumpets, 
accompanied  by  the  usual  salutations.  In  a  pro- 
gramme arranged  by  David  at  such  a  crisis 
nothing  was  likely  to  be  omitted  which  could  give 
legal  effect  to  the  succession ;  yet,  though  the 
above  details  of  ceremony  are  specified,  corona- 
tion is  not  even  indirectly  alluded  to  :  and  Solo- 
mon was  not  Prince  Regent,  but  the  duly  elected 
King.  Perhaps  it  was  contrary  to  state  etiquette 
to  transfer  the  crown  in  the  lifetime  of  the  reign- 
ing monarch.  The  crown  worn  by  the  King  of 
Ammon  was  taken  "from  off  his  head"  and  "  set 
on  David's  head."  (1  Chron.  xx.  2.)  It  was  cus- 
tomary, therefore,  to  wear  this  as  well  as  other 
regal  insignia  (on  state  occasions  only,  Query). 
It  was  not  laid  aside  in  war :  when  Saul  fell  in 
Gilboa,  the  crown  was  removed  from  off  his  head, 
and  brought  by  the  Amalekite  to  David.  Even 
the  mock  election  of  a  king  was  deemed  by  the 
soldiery  (Matt,  xxvii.)  incomplete  without  corona- 
tion. F.  PHILLOTT. 
[Our  correspondent  has  anticipated  the  reply  to  his 
own  Query.  The  Holy  Scriptures  undoubtedly  contain 
the  earliest  mention  of  the  practice  of  crowning  as  well 
of  common  people  as  of  priests  and  kings  (con/!  Deut. 
vi.  8. ;  Isa.  Ixi.  10. ;  Cant.  iii.  11. ;  and  Ezek.  xxiv.  17. 
23.).  The  crown  of  Ammon  was  not  set  upon,  but  sus- 
pended over  the  head  of  David  (1  Chron.  xx.  22. ;  2  Sam. 
xii.  30.),  for  it  weighed  a  talent.  The  practices  of  crown- 
ing and  anointing  a  king  are  of  the  very  highest  anti- 
quity, and  the  Jews  probably  borrowed 'both  from  the 
Egyptians ;  whose  temples,  and  more  particularly  those 
of  Memnonium  or  Remesseum,  and  Medeenet  Haboo, 
contain  to  this  day  pictorial  representations  of  the  pomps 
and  ceremonies  common  to  such  occasions,  which  agree, 
in  the  most  remarkable  particulars,  with  the  several  de- 
scriptions of  similar  institutions  contained  in  Holy  writ. 
Vide  Wilkinson's  Ancient  Egyptians,  vol.  v.  p.  277.  et  sea, 
(edit.  1847.) 


THE  PERCY  LIBRARY. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  327.) 

The  kind  notice  of  this  scheme  in  the  last 
Number  of  "  N.  &  Q."  encourages  me  to  attempt 
its  realisation.  It  has,  however,  been  suggested 
that  some  more  definite  notice  should  be  taken  of 
the  probable  cost  of  the  various  pieces. 

With  a  view  to  enable  intending  subscribers  to 
judge  of  this  exactly,  the  following  scale  has  been 
determined  upon,  viz.,  for  every  book  of  32  pages, 
or  under,  1$.  6^.,  with  an  additional  sixpence  for 
every  sheet  or  part  of  a  sheet  of  16  pages.  Thus 
one  of  40  pages  will  cost  2s. ;  one  of  50  pages, 
2s.  Qd. ;  one  of  60  pages  also,  2,9.  Qd. ;  one  of  70 
pages,  3s. ;  one  of  80  pages  also,  3s. ;  one  of  90 
pages,  3s.  6d. ;  and  so  on. 

The  works  will  be  printed  exactly  uniformly 
with  the  publications  of  the  Percy  Society,  but  a 
paper  of  finer  quality  will  be  used,  and  each  book 


S.  IX.  MAY  5.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


347 


will  be  bound  in  cloth  instead  of  in  paper,  which 
will,  it  is  thought,  prove  more  convenient. 

In  a  long  conversation  with  an  experienced 
publisher  on  the  subject,  he  was  quite  of  opinion 
that  no  series  of  the  kind  would  pay  its  expenses 
unless  conducted  in  the  way  suggested, — by  a 
portion  of  the  expenditure  being  met  by  a  num- 
ber of  subscribers  already  secured.  He,  however, 
thought  that  a  difficulty  would  arise  from  the 
various  works  being  also  published  in  the  usual 
manner,  being  of  opinion  that,  in  all  probability, 
some  would  not  sell  separately,  while  others  would 
perhaps  soon  be  out  of  print;  thus  ultimately 
creating  imperfect  sets  and  an  unsaleable  stock  of 
particular  volumes. 

The  weight  of  this  objection  can  only  be  ascer- 
tained by  experience,  but  it  is  certainly  one  to  be 
considered.  At  the  same  time  it  will  hardly  be 
prejudicial  to  those  who  subscribe  to  the  whole 
series.  The  impression  in  no  instance  shall  ex- 
ceed 500  copies  ;  and,  if  any  particular  volumes 
go  out  of  print,  they  shall  not  be  reprinted:  so 
that  if,  at  any  time,  some  of  the  books  become 
common,  complete  sets  must  at  all  events  always 
be  rather  scarce  ;  for  there  cannot  be  a  doubt  but 
that,  as  each  volume  will  be  published  separately, 
and  as  each  subscriber  can  withdraw  at  pleasure, 
the  stock  will  soon  become  very  irregular  as  to 
the  numbers  left  of  each  book. 

Mr.  Thomas  Richards,  No.  37.  Great  Queen 
Street,  Lincoln's  Inn,  London,  will  receive  the 
names  of  subscribers  to  the  Series,  forwarding 
them  the  works  by  post  before  publication.  Any 
suggestions  as  to  works  for  reprinting  will  be 
thankfully  received.  J.  O.  HALLIWJBLL. 


KNOX  FAMILY. 

The  following  memoir  of  the  family  of  Knox  of 
Ranfurly,  referred  to  at  page  108.  ante,  is  from 
the  unpublished  MSS.  of  Walter  Macfarlane,  Esq. 
of  Macfarlane,  in  the  Advocates'  Library,  Edin- 
burgh. These  MSS.  consist  of  two  folio  volumes 
entitled  "  Genealogical  Collections  relating  to 
Families  in  Scotland.  Extracted  from  Original 
Writs,  Inventories  of  Writs,  MS.  Accounts  of 
several  Families  in  that  Kingdom."  The  first 
volume  is  dated  MDCCL.  the  second  MDCCLT.  On 
the  back  are  the  Macfarlane  arms,  a  saltire  en- 
grailed between  four  roses,  and  beneath  these  the 
initials  W.  M. 

"  An  Exact  and  Well-vouched  Genealogie  of  the  Ancient 

Family  of  Knoc.  or  Knox,  of  Ranfurlie,  in  the  Barony 

and  County  of  Renfrew,  in  the  Kingdom  of  Scotland. 

"In  an  inquiry  by  some  Antiquaries  into  the  Origine 

and  progress  of  Sirnames  among  us,  it  is  asserted  that 

the  Original  Ancestor  of  the  Family  of  Ranfurlie  in  the 

shire  of  Renfrew  was  Adam  Filius  Uchtredi  who  in  the 

Reign  of  Alexander  the  Second  obtained  from  Walterus 

Filius  Allan!  Senescallus  Scotiae  the  Progenitor  of  the 

Serene  Race  of  the  Stewarts,  The  Lands  of  Knock  in 


Baronia  Sua  de  Renfrew  Tenend*  de  se  et  Heredibus 
Suis  *  And  according  to  the  prevailing  custom  at  that 
time,  he  assumed  from  thence  a  Sirname  for  its  an 
agreed  maxim  amongst  Antiquaries,  that  it  is  a  suf- 
ficient proof  of  Antient  Descent  that  the  Inhabitant  hath 
his  name  from  the  place  he  inhabits.f  The  family  got 
also  from  the  Great  Steuart  the  Lands  of  Ranfurlie,  Grief 
Castle,  in  Few  and  Heritage,  In  feodo  et  Hereditate 
which  continued  in  their  family  while  they  existed. 

"  The  son  of  Adam  filius  Uchtredi  is  Johannis  de  Knox 
in  the  Reign  of  King  Alexander  the  3rd.  He  is  a  witnes  to 
the  donation  which  Sir  Anthony  Lombard  made  to  the 
Abbot  and  Convent  of  the  Abbacy  of  Paisly  de  tertia 
parte  Terarum  de  Fulton,  the  third  part  of  the  Lands  of 
Fulton  in  the  Barony  of  Renfrew  in  Anno  1274.J  Altho 
they  were  considered  as  one  of  the  Chief  and  principal 
families  where  they  Resided  yet  they  had  not  been  able 
to  preserve  the  more  ancient  writings  and  charters  of 
their  families  which  might  well  be  lost  and  destroyed  in 
the  feuds  one  family  had  with  another  as  was  common  in 
the  more  antient  Times  which  raised  to  a  high  Degree  of 
Rapine,  Bloodshed,  and  Destruction,  yet  they  preserved 
their  Archives  for  more  than  300  years  Backward,  and 
being  of  the  same  Sirname  with  the  ancient  proprietors 
of  the  Estate  its  a  very  Natural  and  Rational  presump- 
tion to  Inferr  they  were  the  Lineall  heirs  in  Blood  and 
Line  to  their  progenitor  Adam  filius  Uchtredi  who  first 
received  the  Feu  and  Investiture  of  the  Lands  they  took 
their  sirname  from. 

"  The  first  writing  or  Voucher  of  the  family 
of  Ranfurlie  that  is  extant,  at  least  that  I  have 
seen,  is  a  charter  by  King  James  the  Second  Uchredo  Knox 
de  Ranfurlie  Terarum  de  Ranfurlie  of  the  lands  of  Ranfurlie 
and  the  whole  Estate  of  the  Family  Tenend'  de  Domino 
Senescallo  Scotia.  It  proceeds  upon  his  own  Resignation, 
which  shews  clearly  that  they  were  his  own  before,  and 
in  this  case  implyes  they  had  long  before  pertained  to  his 
predecessors,  the  Resigner  this  Gentleman  was  sometimes 
designed  of  Ranfurlie  and  sometimes  of  Knock  and  they 
were  sometimes  designed  of  Craigends.  For  there  is  in 
the  publick  Registers  a  Charter  Granted  by  King  James 
the  3d  In  the  year  1473,  Uchtredo  Knox  tilio  et  heredi 
Johannis  Knox  de  Craigends  de  Terris  de  Ranfurlie  et 
Grieifs  Castle  on  his  fathers  Resignation,  on  which  he 
had  the  Investiture  under  the  Great  Seall,  to  be  held  of 
the  Prince  and  Steuart  of  Scotland  as  Baron  of  the 
Barony  of  Renfrew.  |j  The  same  Uchter  Knox  of  Craig- 
ends  is  one  of  the  Arbitrators  betwixt  the  Abbot  of  the 
Monastery  of  Paisley  and  the  Burgh  of  Renfrew  Anent 
their  marches  Anno  1488.^"  This  Gentlemans  Lady  is 
Agnes  Lyle**  the  presumption  is  that  she  was  the  Lord 
Lyles  daughter,  because  there  was  no  other  family  of 
that  Name,  and  they  resided  just  in  the  Neighbourhood, 

*  The  Charters  of  Ranfurlie  I  have  seen  in  the  Custody 
of  the  Earl  of  Dundonald. 

t  Cambden's  Remains,  the  learned  antiquary  Mr.  Camb- 
den. 

I  The  Chartulary  of  the  Abbacy  of  Paisley  which  I 
had  the  Honour  to  peruse  by  the  favour  of  the  Earl  of 
Dundonald. 

§  Charters  Relating  to  the  Principality  of  Scotland  and 
MSS.  penes  me,  and  also  in  the  Custody  of  the  Barons  of 
Exchequer. 

||  This  Charter  is  in  the  Records  of  the  Great  Scale 
in  the  Registers. 

JThe  Chartulary  of  Paisley.    The  House  of  Ranfurly 
the  Lands  of  Upper  or  Over  Craigerds  and  the  House 
of  Glencairn  the  Estate  of  Nether  Craigends  which  Alex* 
Lord  Kilmains  gave  to  Alexr  Cunninghame  his  son  in  the 
1474. 
**  Roll  or  List  of  the  Lairds  of  Ranfurlie. 


348 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  MAY  5.  '60. 


at  the  Castle  of  Duchall  not  above  two  or  three  miles  dis- 
tance. He  left  two  sons  Uchter  his  successor  and  George 
Knox  a  younger  son  to  whom  his  father  gave  in  Patri- 
mony the  half  of  the  Lands  of  Knoc  or  Knox  and  to 
Janet  Fleeming  his  spouse  a  daughter  of 
Joannis  Knox  |he  antient  Family  of  Barrochan  in  the 
Vide  p. 1897*  Shyre  of  Renfrew,  Anno  1503.  The  Char- 
ter provides  * — the  Estate  disponed  to  them 
and  their  heirs  simply. 

"Uchter  Knox  of  Ranfurlie  the  next  in  the  Line  of 
Descent  of  this  Antient  family  was  allied  to  a  very  Noble 
Famil}'  viz.  Jannet  daughter"  to  the  Lord  Temple  a  near 
neighbour  to  the  Laird  of  Ranfurlie  f  by  this  Ladie  he 
had  issue  Uchter  his  son  and  successor,  William  the  pro- 
genitor of  the  Knoxes  of  Silvreland,  and  Janet  who  was 
married  to  Alexander  Cuninghame  son  to  William  Cun- 
inghame  of  Craigends  and  again  to  Mr.  John  Porterfield 
of  that  IlkJ  and  another  Daughter  Hewissa  who  was 
married  to  John  Buntine  of  Ardoch  a  very  antient  family 
in  the  County  of  Dumbarton  where  they  still  Remain  in 
Lustre.  § 

Uchter  Knox  the  next  Laird  of  Ranfurlie  married  a 
Lady  of  the  Cuninghames,  but  of  what  family  I  cannot 
say,  but  the  tradition  is  that  she  was  of  the  house  of 
Craigends  by  whom  he  had  Uchter  his  Eldest  son  an 
heir,  and  Mr.  Andrew  Knox  who  being  a  younger  bro- 
ther was  bred  to  the  Church.  He  was  first  minister  at 
Lochunnoch  then  at  Paisley.  After  that  he  was  pro- 
moted to  the  Bishoprick  of  the  Isles,  and  from  thence  he 
was  translated  to  the  Biahoprick  of  Rapho  in  Ireland, 
where  he  dyed  very  Aged  on  the  17  March  1632.|j  But 
BO  far  as  I  know  his  male  posterity  are  extinct  Tho  of  his 
daughters  many  Honourable  persons  in  Scotland  are  de- 
scended. He  was  a  wonderful  1  good  sort  of  man  and  of 
great  moderation  Piety  and  Temper,  But  he  having  no 
direct  connection  with  the  Knoxes  of  Dungannon  and  his 
Male  Issue  worn  out  I  need  say  no  more  of  him  Here. 

"  Uchter  Knox  the  next  in  succession  of  the  House  of 
Ranfurlie  was  married  to  Margaret  Maxwell  daughter  of 
George  Maxwell  of  New-wark  then  a  great  and  flourish- 
ing family  in  Renfrewshyre.^f 

"  Her  mother  was  a  daughter  of  the  House  of  Craig- 
ends  Cuninghame,  by  her  he  had  issue  a  son  his  heir 
Uchter,  This  Lady  being  a  widow  married  a  second  time 
a  near  relation  of  her  first  Husband's  William  Knox  of 
Silvreland,  the  Direct  and  Immediate  Ancestor  of  the 
Knoxes  of  Dungannan  who  are  his  heirs  male  both  of  the 
Knoxes  of  Ranfurlie  and  Silvreland**  and  wears  at  least 
has  right  to  wear  by  Blood  and  Descent  the  principall 
armorial  Bearings  of  the  Family. 

"  Uchter  Knox  the  next  successor  of  the  Line  of  the 
Lairds  of  Ranfurlie  married  Elizabeth  daughter  to  John 
Blair  of  that  Ilk  in  the  County  of  Air,  and  had  a  son 
Uchter  his  fathers  heir  and  Isobell  a  daughter  who  was 
married  to  Robert  Muir  of  Caldwall  one  of  the  most 
antient  Barons  in  the  County  of  Renfrew.  Uchter  Knox 
of  Ranfurly  married  Joan  daughter  of  Sir  William  Mure 
of  Rowallan  in  Airshyre ;  but  having  no  Issue  Male  only 

*  The  Charter  I  have  seen  in  the  hands  of  Collin 
Campbell  of  Blythswood  proprietor  of  the  Lands  of  Knoc 
or  Knox. 

t  Illuminate  Birth  brieff  I  have  seen  of  a  Gentleman 
of  the  name  of  Bunting  of  the  House  of  Ardoch. 

J  Writtes  of  Duchall  I  have  seen. 

|  Ibidem — Mr.  Buntines  Birth  brief  as  before. 

j|  Sir  James  Ware's  account  of  the  succession  of  the 
Bishops  in  the  severall  Sees  in  Ireland.  I  have  composed 
a  life  of  him  myself  among  the  Bishops  of  the  Isles. 

^f  I  have  seen  and  perused  Vouchers  for  this  alliance 
•with  the  house  of  New-wark. 

**  And  for  this  second  marriage  also. 


a  daughter  or  two  he  disposed  of  his  Estate  to  William 
the  first  Lord  Cochrane  afterwards  Earl  of  Dundonald  in 
the  year  1665.* 

"  His  daughter  Helen  who  was  married  to  John  Cun- 
inghame of  Ceddell  in  the  shire  of  Air  who  may  likely 
have  the  antient  Writes  of  the  House  of  Ranfurlie  in  his 
Custody. 

"  The  Antient  Family  of  Ranfurlie  being  Extinct  in 
the  Male  Line  at  Least  in  the  Later  descents  the  heirs 
male  was  come  to  the  Knoxes  of  Selvriland  a  family  also 
in  the  Barony  and  Sherrifdom  of  Renfrew,  a  Branch  of 
the  Family  and  House  of  Ranfurlie,  But  now  are  the  Re- 
presentative of  the  Antient  Cheif  family  Knox  of  Ran- 
furlie itself  and  has  Right  to  wear  their  arms  which  for 
what  I  know  they  do  accordingly. 

"The  Ancestor  of  Knox  of 'Selvriland  was  William 
Knox  younger  son  to  Uchter  Knox  of  Ranfurlie  by  his 
Lady  who  was  the  Lord  Semples  daughter,  some  think  he 
married  the  heir  of  the  ancient  Sirname  and  Lands  of 
Selvriland  of  which  I  have  seen  a  charter  as  antient  as 
the  very  Beginning  of  the  Reign  of  King  Robert  the 
Bruce  Granted  by  Jacobus  Senescallus  Scotise  Stephano 
Filio  Nicolai  de  Ilia  Terra  quse  data  fuit  Patricio  de  Sel- 
vriland, Ubi  Aqua  de  Grieff  Descendit  in  aquam  de  Clyde. 
The  Charter  wants  a  date  a  thing  very  usual  in  Antient 
Deeds  But  from  Fordon  our  Antient  Historian  we  are 
told  the  Granter  of  the  Charter  dyed  in  the  1309.  But 
this  William  Knox  of  Selvriland  had  another  wife  by 
whom  he  had  all  his  children,  viz.  Margaret  Daughter  of 
Patrick  Fleeming  of  Barrochan  f  by  whom  he  had  a  son 
William  Knox  of  Selvriland  who  built  the  house  of  Sel- 
vriland whereon  his  name  and  his  Lady's  is  still  to  be 
seen.  The  Lady  was  Margaret  Daughter  of  George  Max- 
well of  Newark  by  Marion  his  wife  daughter  of  William 
Cunninghame  of  Craigends  widow  of  Uchter  Knox  of  Ran- 
furlie by  whom  he  had  his  Eldest  son  whose  heirs  male 
are  quite  extinct  and  a  second  son  whose  name  was  Mark 
or  Markus  Knox  as  he  was  commonly  called. 

"  He  settled  in  the  City  of  Glasgow  and  by  trade  and 
by  Bussiness  in  the  merkantile  way  acquired  great 
Wealth  and  much  greater  for  Reputation  for  Integrity 
and  Virtue  for  which  his  Memory  is  Remembred  down 
to  our  own  time.  He  married  a  Gentlewoman  of  quality 
viz.  Isobell  Lyon  daughter  of  Archibald  Lyon  a  younger 
son  of  the  Lord  Glams's  family  that  are  now  Earls  of 
Strathmore  and  Kinghorn  in  Scotland.  He  fell  into 
Trade  at  Glasgow,  and  got  an  Immense  Estate  chiefly  in 
the  City  and  was  Esteemed  the  greatest  Merchant  in 
his  Time.  He  married  a  Gentlewoman  in  the  West  that 
brought  him  a  very  considerable  alliance  and  Friendship, 
viz.  Margaret  Daughter  of  James  Dunlop  of  that  Ilk  in 
Airshire  whose  Lady  was  Elizabeth  Hamilton  daughter 
of  Gavin  Hamilton  of  Orbreston  in  Lanerkshire  descended 
but  lately  before  that  of  an  Immediate  Brother  of  the  Il- 
lustrious House  of  Hamilton  I  mean  the  Duke  of  Hamil- 
ton's Family.  Mr.  Lyon  left  a  most  numerous  progeny 
Flowing  from  his  daughters  that  the  most  Wealthy  and 
most  considerable  People  of  Glasgow  and  the  Neighbour- 
ing Gentry  are  descended  of  him  and  have  his  blood  run- 
ning in  their  vains. 

"  Mr.  Knoxes  wife  was  his  youngest  daughter,  they 
had  two  sons  Thomas  the  eldest  who  was  his  heir  to  his 
father's  great  Estate  and  William  Knox  Esq.  a  younger 

*  I  have  perused  the  Writings  and  the  Charters  of 
Ranfurlie  in  the  hands  of  the  Earl  of  Dundonald,  but  I 
observe  there  are  few  or  rather  any  of  the  old  charters,  I 
suppose  the  Earl  of  Dundonald  the  purchaser  satisfied 
himself  with  a  Legall  progress  so  that  the  antienter 
Charters  may  be  in  the  Custody  of  Cunninghame  of  Cad- 
dell  his  grandson  and  Heir. 

t  Carta  among  ye  vrrites  of  the  Knoxes. 


S,  IX.  MAY  5.  »60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


349 


„..  who  went  over  to  Ireland  and  settled  in  the  City  of 
Dublin  in  the  Trading  way  whereby  he  got  great_  Wealth 
and  much  greater  Reputation  for  a  man  of  Integrity.  He 
had  a  son  its  said  Sir  John  Knox  who  was  Lord  Mayor 
of  the  City  of  Dublin.  He  left  his  Estate  partly  to  an 
only  daughter  and  partly  to  keep  up  and  preserve  the 
name  and  memory  of  his  Family  to  Thomas  Knox  of 
Dungannon  Esq.  his  nephew. 

"  Thomas  Knox  the  Eldest  Son  who  was  bred  to  Bus- 
suness  and  Trade  in  which  he  was  so  successful  that  he 
raised  up  and  considerably  enlarged  his  Estate  that  was 
left  him  by  his  father.  He  married  Bessie  or  Elizabeth 
Spang  daughter  of  Andrew  Spang  a  Merchant  of  Repu- 
tation and  a  man  of  great  wealth  in  the  City  of  Glasgow. 

"Its  Reported  to  the  Honour  of  her  Memory  that 
she  was  a  woman  of  consumate  prudence  Industry  and 
Virtue.  She  had  Issue  to  Mr.  Knox  — Thomas  Knox 
Esq.  of  Dungannon  in  the  Kingdom  of  Ireland  where  he 
settled. 

"William  Knox  merchant  in  Glasgow  whom  the 
Drawer  of  this  Memorial  well  knew  He  dyed  without 
Issue  in  the  month  of  April,  1728  aged  76.  He  left  a 
considerable  money  Estate  to  his  Nephew  Thomas  Knox 
Esq.  in  Ireland. 

"  There  was  a  Third  Son  John  Knox  Esq.  who  went 
over  and  settled  in  Ireland  near  his  Brother  Mr.  Knox 
of  Dungannon  where  he  got  a  good  Estate  which  is  pos- 
sessed by  his  son  and  Thomas  Knox  Esq. 

"  Thomas  Knox  of  Dungannon  Esq.  who  has  the  cha- 
racter of  one  of  the  Worthyest  Gentleman  of  his  time 
that  his  countrey  had  produced  or  any  other— He  settled 
altogether  in  Ireland  where  he  got  a  fine  Estate  at  Dun- 
gannon in  the  County  of  Tyrone.  He  was  all  his  life 
long  firmly  attached  to  the  Protestant  Interest  and  dis- 
tinguished himself  eminently  that  way  in  the  reign  of 
King  James  the  Seventh,  as"  he  had  always  the  settle- 
ment of  the  Crown  in  the  Protestant  line  much  at  heart, 
So  when  he  saw  that  settled  by  act  of  Parliament  no 
man  had  greater  Joy  or  expressed  more  satisfaction  in  it 
as  the  surest  and  firmest  Bulwark  of  the  Religion  and 
Liberties  of  the  subject.  Mr.  Knox  eminently  distin- 
guished himself  in  his  zeal  in  the  latter  end  of  the  Reign 
of  Queen  Ann  in  Maintaining  and  Suporting  the  Right 
of  Succession  in  the  Illustrious  House  of  Hanover,  and 
even  lessened  his  Estate  at  least  for  a  time  in  making 
Representatives  for  the  House  of  Commons  in  Ireland 
that  were  all  firm  to  the  Protestant  succession. 

"Upon  the  Accession  of  King  George  the  first  to  the 
Crown,  Mr.  Knox's  eminent  merit  and  services  having 
been  justly  Represented  and  laid  before  His  Majesty, 
His  Majesty  had  so  due  a  sense  of  his  great  merit  as  he 
proposed  to  raise  him  to  be  a  Peer  of  the  Realm  of  Ireland 
and  named  him  one  of  the  Lords  of  his  Most  Honourable 
Privy  Council.  By  reason  of  his  great  age  and  that  he 
had  no  heir  male  of  his  own  Bodie  and  even  from  an 
excess  of  modesty  he  declined  the  Honour  of  Peerage 
vrhich  could  not  have  subsisted  long,  since  dignities  in 
that  Kingdom  as  conferred  on  the  Patentee  and  the  heirs 
male  of  their  Bodies,  are  not  descendable  to  heirs  of  Line 
and  Law  without  a  special  limitation.  But  tho  Mr.  Knox 
had  left  Scotland  and  settled  in  Ireland  yet  he  took  care 
that  a  record  an  authentick  voucher  should  remain  in 
Scotland  of  his  descent  from  the  antient  family  of  Ran- 
furly  and  which  in  his  own  time  he  came  to  be  the 
Representative.  For  he  applyed  to  the  Lord  Lyon  Sir 
Charles  Erskine  of  Cambo  to  get  his  coat  of  arms  matri- 
culate which  was  done  accordingly  and  is  recorded  in 
the  Lyon  Office,  viz.  Thomas  Knox"  Esq.  in  the  Kingdom 
f  Ireland  Lawful  son  to  Thomas  Knox  descended  of  the 
family  of  Ranfurlie  in  the  Kingdom  of  Scotland,  Gules  a 

alcon  Volant  Or,  within  an  Orb.  Waved  on  the  Outer 
Side  and  Ingrailed  on  the  Inner  side  argent.  Crest  a 


Falcon  perching  Proper,  Motto,  Moveo  et  Proficeor.  But 
this  Coat  of  Arms  was  given  to  Mr.  Knox  when  he  was 
but  a  Cadet  and  a  branch  of  the  House  of  Ranfurlie,  but 
when  he  came  to  be  heir  male  and  Representative  of  the 
family  himself  he  might  in  my  bumble  oppinion  have 
disused  this  Mark  of  cadency  the  Ingrailling  of  the  bor- 
der on  the  inner  side  and  worn  it  altogether  waved  as  the 
principal  coat,  and  his  heirs  of  lineTaylizie  and  Provision 
may  do  the  same. 

"  The  Genealogie  of  Bessy  or  Elisabeth  Spang  spouse  to 
Thomas  Knox  Merchant  in  Glasgoiv. 

"The  Spangs  Mrs.  Knox's  Progenitors  were  Burgesses 
and  Citizens  in  Glasgow,  Her  Grandfather  William  Spang 
was  an  eminent  appothycarie.  He  was  appointed  Visitor 
of  the  chierurgeons  with  Dr.  Robert  Hamilton  and  Dr. 
Peter  Low  of  all  the  Practisers  of  Chierurgery  within  the 
Burgh  and  Regality  of  Glasgow  the  Shires  of  Lanerk, 
Air,  Dumbarton,  and  Renfrew  when  the  Chierurgeons 
Physicians  Apothecarys  at  Glasgow  were  first  erected 
into  a  Facultie  and  corporation  by  King  James  the  6th 
Under  the  Privy  Seall  at  Holyroodhouse  the  Penult  of 
November  1599.*  This  Mr.  William  Spang  married 
Christian  Hamilton  of  the  House  of  Silverton  hill,  Then 
an  Eminent  Family  of  the  name  of  Hamilton  and  Barons 
of  a  Great  Estate  in  the  Shyre  of  Lanerk  and  in  the  Re- 
gality of  Glasgow.  They  were  Lords  of  the  Barony  of 
the  Provand.  They  were  come  of  an  immediate  son  of 
the  Noble  and  Illustrious  House  of  Hamilton.  His  Son 
was  Andrew  Spang  who  was  bred  to  trade  and  thereby 
acquired  a  great  stock  and  estate  in  money.  His  wife 
was  Mary  Buchannan.  He  had  a  son  Mr.  William  Spang 
a  ver}' learned  man  who  wrote  a  treatise  on  the  Civil  wars 
in  Brittain  and  was  a  minister  of  the  Scotts  Congregation 
at  Rotterdam  in  Holland,  and  a  daughter  Bessy  who  was 
married  to  Mr.  Thomas  Knox  merchant  in  Glasgow 
mother  to  Thomas  Knox  of  Dungannon  Esq.  in  the 
Kingdom  of  Ireland  whose  Pedigree  and  descent  is  from 
this  Memorial  Vouched  to  be  Lineally  come  of  a  Race  of 
Ancestors  by  the  House  of  Ranfurlie  Inferior  to  no  Gen- 
tleman in  the  Kingdom  since  it  evidently  appears  from 
the  Vouchers  here  icited  that  the  Family  of  Ranfurlie  is 
both  very  antient  and  nobly  allied  with  many  of  the  best 
familys  in  the  Western  parts,  where  they  had  their  chief 
Residence,  and  tho  they  have  now  Transplanted  to  ano- 
the^  Kingdom  yet  they  are  now  possessed  of  many  oppu- 
lent  estates  and  spread  into  more  numerous  Branches 
than  they  had  by  farr  in.  the  Kingdom  they  were  ori- 
ginally of. 

"  This  Account  of  the  House  of  Ranfurlie  and  Silvre- 
land  of  which  the  family  of  Dungannon  are  the  heirs 
Male  was  Drawn  by  me  Mr.  Crawfoord  Historiographer 
and  Antiquarie." 

Here  follow  three  or  four  short  extracts  from 

charters  relative  to  the  Knox  family,  chiefly  in 

Latin.  WILLIAM  GALLOWAY. 

Edinburgh. 


BOLLED. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  28.  251.  309.) 

Perhaps  the  following  examples,  collected  by 
me  for  a  work  on  this  and  similar  words  in  the 
Auth.  Version  of  the  Bible,  may  throw  some  light 
on  the  meaning  of  the  English  term,  however 


*  Original  Gift  and  Erection  of  the  facultie  of  Phisi- 
cians  and  Chierurgeons  at  Glasgow  I  have  seen. 


350 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"d  S.  IX.  MAY  5.  '60. 


much  doctors  and  Rabbis  may  disagree  about  the 
Hebrew  root :  — 
'"The  gast  it  seyde,'  bodi,  be  stille!  3  wo  hath  lered  the 

al  this  wite 

That  givest  me  these  wordes  grille,  that  list  ther 
bollen  as  a  bite." 

Debate  of  Body  and  Soul  (13th  centy.), 
v.  34.  (Catnden  Society.) 

(Similarly  in  a  fourteenth  century  version  of 
the  same,  v.  315.)  :  — 

"  Al  my  body  bolneth 
For  bitter  of  my  galle." 

P.  Ploughman 'sVis.  2710. 
"  A-bate  them  benes  \_L  e.  beans] 
For  [i.  e.  on  account  of  1  bollynge  of  hir  wombes." 

Ibid.  4228-9. 

Compare  with  this  latter  — 

"  The  mere  was  bagged  with  fole 
And  hir-selfe  a  grete  bole." 

Sir  Perceval  of  Galles,  v.  718. 
"  ghe  ben  bolnun  with  pride  "  [ Auth.  Vers.  "  puffed 

up.»]  __  Widif,  1  Cor.  v.  2. 
'lest  perauenture bolnyngis  bi  pride,  debatis 

It  An   om/\nrv   rrVtmi   "    T  Anfli      "Vovg^    **  SW6llinffa  ""^ 

Ibid.  2  Cor, 


ben  among  ghou."  [Auth.  Vers.  "swellings."] 

*"  r.  xii.  20. 


"  This  welle,  that  I  hereof  rehearse 
So  holsome  was  that  it  would  aswage 
Bollen  hertes." 

Chaucer,  Compl  ofBlk.  Knt,  v.  101. 
"BOLNYD,  tumidus. 
11  BOLNYN,  tumeo,  turgeo,  tumesco. 

"BOLNYNGE,  tumor" 

Prompt.  Parvulor.  (Camden  Society),  i.  43. 
And  a  note  — 

"  BoVynge  yes  out  se  but  febely  "  [i.  e.  prominent  eyes 
see  feebly.]  —  Horm. 

Richardson  and  Halliwell  give  other  instances. 
Coleridge's  Glossary  refers  to  "  Owl  and  Night- 
ingale," 145. ;  Nares  says  the  verb  "  to  boll " 
means  "  to  swell  or  pod  for  seed,"  and  under  boln 
quotes  — 

"  Here  one  being  throng'd  bears  back  all  boln  and  red." 
Shaks.,  Rape  of  Lucr. 

Bailey's  explanation  will  suit  either  render- 
ing :  — 

"  Boll,  a  round  stalk  or  stem ;  also  the  seeds  of  a 
poppy." 

But  in  the  case  of  a  plant  like  flax,  where  the 
stem,  though  round,  is  anything  but  "  swollen," 
whilst  the  seed-capsule  is  remarkably  so  for  the 
size  of  the  plant,  the  term  boiled  would  be  far 
more  appropriately  used  to  mean  "  in  pod "  than 
"  in  stalk."  This  is  farther  strengthened  by  the 
phrase,  "  in  the  ear,"  applied  in  the  same  verse  to 
the  other  plant,  the  barley,  that  was  smitten  by 
the  hail  at  the  same  time  as  the  flax. 

J,  EASTWOOD. 

The  JJ  (airi)  in  the  word  ?y?3  (givol)  is  nearly 
quiescent,  and,  according  to  Gesenius  (Heb.  Gram. 
by  Conant,  p.  12.),  its  pronunciation  by  a  nasal  gn 


or  ng  is  "  wholly  false."  The  LXX.  have  rarely 
expressed  the  ain  by  7  (sometimes  the  Germany, 
oftener  the  English  #),  their  almost  uniform  prac- 
tice being  to  treat  it  as  a  vowel.  In  the  Greek  and 
Coptic  alphabets  its  corresponding  place  is  o.  The 
y  (aiii)  does  not  supply  the  place  of  1  (vau).  My 
hypothesis,  which  combines  that  of  Muller  and 
partially  that  of  Michaelis,  is  that  Moses  in  reading 
to  a  scribe  the  passage  (Exodus  ix.  31.),  used  the 
word  >13J  (gevool),  which  he  wrote,  being  fami- 
liar with  the  Egyptian  word,  as  7^23  (givol),  by 
mistake  of  hearing.  I  think  the.  etymology  of 
Hiller,  which  your  correspondent  B.  H.  C.  adopts, 
preferable  to  that  of  Gesenius ;  but,  although  little 
doubt  exists  as  to  the  meaning  of  this  word,  it 
must  be  borne  in  mind  that  it  occurs  once  only  in 
Hebrew,  and  is  not  met  with  in  other  Shemitic 
languages.  (Simon's  Lex.  Heb.  by  Eichhorn,  in 
voce.)  This  subject  is  mainly  interesting  as  de- 
termining the  period  of  the  Exodus  and  passover. 
Dr.  Richardson  (Travels,  ii.  163.),  says  as  to 
Egypt,  "  the  barley  and  flax  are  now  "  [March] 
"  far  advanced,  the  former  is  in  the  ear,  and  the 
latter  is  boiled."  Dr.  Kitto  says  "  flax  is  ripe  in 
March,  when  the  plants  are  gathered"  .  .  .  "the 
wheat  harvest  takes  place  in  May."  (Pict  Sib.) 

Flax  for  the  sole  purpose  of  producing  ya 
should  be  pulled  without  allowing  the  seed 
ripen  (Brit.  Husbandry,  ii.  316.,  L.  U.  K.)  Rip- 
pling is  then  performed  "  to  free  the  stalk  par ' 
from  the  leaves  and  seed-pods  called  bolls."  (  Ve 
getable  Substances,  p.  10.,  L.  E.  K.) 

T.  J.  BUCKTOI 

Lichfield. 


DEDICATIONS  TO  THE  DEITY. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  180.  266.) 

The  earliest  yet  quoted  is  of  1619.  Two  y< 
before  appeared  the  work  of  a  writer  whose  genii 
was  of  just  the  kind  to  invent  such  a  practice  i 
appears  by  the  cases  which  your  correspondent 
bring  forward  to  have  been  not  uncommon  in  '' 
seventeenth  century.  This  was  the  noted  Rot 
Fludd,  or  De  Fluctibus,  as  he  aliased  himsel 
The  first  volume  of  the  Utriusque  Cosmi  Hi& 
(Oppenheim,  1617),  has  two  dedications, 
with  a  short  address,  on  the  recto  and  verso  of 
leaf.  The  first,  signed  Ego,  Homo,  is  headed  thus  : 

"  Deo  Optimo  Maximo,  Creatori  meo  incomprehensibili, 
sit  gloria,  laus,  honor,  benedictio,  et  victoria  triumphalis, 
in  secula  seculorum.  Amen." 

The  second,  signed  R.  Fludd,  is  headed  as  fol- 
lows : 

"Serenissimo  et  Potentissimo  Principi  Jacobo,  Impera-, 
toris  Coelorum  et  Terrarum  ter  maximi,  et  sui  Creatoris 
inoomprehensibilis,  in  regnis  Magnse  Britannia?,  Franciae, 
et  Hybernise,  ministro  et  Prsesidi  proximo,  fideique  pro- 
pugnatori  ..." 

A  person  had  need  look  sharp  to  his  genitives  and 


2«<i  S.  IX.  MAY  5.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


351 


datives,  to  avoid  making  King  James  the  ruler  of 
heaven  and  earth.  The  address  to  the  Deity  is  a 
decent  prayer :  that  to  the  king  a  high-flown 
eulogy.  Hut  if  a  slip  of  grammar  might  make 
Fludd  deify  the  kin<jr,  the  following  construction 
might,  without  any  fault  of  grammar,  make  Fludd 
represent  him  as  a  sort  of  ignoramus.  For,  after 
the  sentence  which  contains  Jacobo,  the  address 
begins  "  Cui  naturae  nudae  et  detectse  arcana  et 
mysteria  sacra  intelligere  negatur."  But  we  are 
relieved  by  reading  on,  and  finding  that  "  ei 
seipsum  cognoscere  .  .  .  erit  impossible." 

The  second  volume  (Oppenheim,  1619)  opens, 
not  with  a  dedication,  but  an  Oratio  Gratula- 
bunda,  addressed  "  Deo  Optimo  Maximo,"  &c. 
Though  the  language  of  this  curious  piece  (which 
is  in  eleven  folio  pages)  is  of  the  form  of  prayer 
when  the  author  recollects  himself,  yet  it  is  for  the 
most  part  a  real  sermon,  in  which  "  Ego  Hominis 
Filius,"  as  he  signs  himself,  enforces  upon  the  ob- 
ject of  his  address  many  wholesome  truths,  refer- 
ring him  to  something  more  than  120  places  in  the 
Bible,  to  several  places  of  Hermes  Trismegistus, 
and  to  Aristotle's  ethics. 

Fludd  was  one  of  the  strangest  mixtures  of 
learning  and  excentricity  that  ever  printed  a 
book.  A.  DB  MORGAN. 


THE  DELPHIC  CLASSICS. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  103.) 

There  is  no  doubt  that  this  valuable  series  of 
classical  authors  derived  its  characteristic  name 
from  the  Dauphin,  son  of  Louis  XIV.,  for  whose 
use,  under  the  auspices  of  the  Due  de  Montansier 
and  Bossuet,  and  the  immediate  superintendence 
of  the  learned  Bishop  Huet,  it  was  compiled. 
This  title,  as  borne  by  the  eldest  sons  of  the  kings 
of  France,  of  the  Valois  and  Bourbon  dynasties, 
until  the  abdication  of  Charles  X.  in  1830,  is  de- 
rived from  the  province  called  Dauphine,  which 
was  ceded  by  Humbert  II.,  King  or  Dauphin  of 
Vienne,  in  1343,  to  Philippe  de  Valois,  by  virtue 
of  the  prerogative  which  he  enjoyed  from  Louis  V., 
Emperor  of  Germany,  from  whom  he  derived  his 
sceptre.  This  Humbert  II.,  de  la  Tour  de  Pin, 
was  the  last  of  the  so-called  Dauphin  dynasty ; 
this  appellation  being  said  to  originate  from  the 
Dolphin,  which  Guy  VII ,  Count  of  Vienne,  wore 
as  a  badge  on  his  helmet  or  shield.  Hence  the 
province,  or  kingdom,  over  which  he  and  his  de- 
scendants bore  sway,  was  called  the  Dauphine; 
and  it  was  upon  the  condition  that  the  eldest  sons 
of  the  kings  of  France  should  perpetuate  the 
ancient  title  of  Dauphin,  that  the  cession  of  his 
kingdom  was  made  by  Humbert,  who,  having  lost 
his  only  son,  had  determined  to  end  his  days  in 
the  retirement  of  a  Dominican  monastery.  Thus 
the  Dolphin  and  Anchor  of  the  Father  of  the 
Venetian  Press  in  no  way  suggested  the  title  of 


the  French  Classics,  and  has  remained  unused  till 
its  revival  as  a  typographical  device  by  Pickering, 
our  own  not  unworthy  "  Aldi  Discipulus  Anglus." 
Still  the  associations  suggested  by  the  title  were 
not  lost  sight  of  in  an  age  fond  of  symbolical  illus- 
trations ;  and  hence,  on  the  engraved  titles  of  the 
original  quartos  we  see  Ario  with  his  lyre  leaping 
from  the  treacherous  bark,  while  the  pilot  Dolphin 
on  the  surface  of  the  waves  below  bears  the  le- 
gend "  Trahitur  dulcedine  cantus,"  as  emblematic 
of  the  elevated  nature  and  irresistible  charm  of 
the  classical  lore  prepared  for  the  study  of  the 
royal  pupil.  This  design  is  surmounted  by  a  coat 
of  arms,  on  which  appears  the  Dolphin,  quarterly 
with  the  fleur-de-lys  of  France.  It  will  be  re- 
membered, too,  that  the  crown  of  the  Dauphin 
consisted  of  a  ring  or  band  which  encircles  the 
head,  surmounted  by  the  two  Dolphins  "  naiants 
embowed,"  supporting  by  their  tails  a  fleur-de- 
lys.  (Rees's  Encycl.  art.  "  Heraldry.")  So  much 
for  the  historical  facts  ;  in  addition  to  which  I  am 
not  prepared  to  deny  that  the  title  may  not  have 
derived  additional  appropriateness  from  that  fond- 
ness for  Lenten  fare,  especially  fish,  on  the  part 
of  the  kings  of  France,  on  account  and  in  proof 
of  which  Father  Prout  ("  Apology  for  Lent ")  is 
pleased  to  assert  that  "  the  heir  apparent  to  the 
crown  delighted  to  be  called  a  Dolphin." 

WILLIAM  BATES. 
Edgbaston. 

FLETCHER  FAMILY  (2nd  S.  ix.  254.) — Are  there 
no  Fletchers  derived  from  jflesher,  a  butcher  ?  A 
Scotsman  of  that  name  would  certainly  not  go  to 
an  arrow-maker  for  the  beginning  of  his  family. 
An  Englishman  would,  and  probably  with  reason. 
When  I  first  went  to  Scotland,  I  remember  being 
much  struck  with  the  number  of  "  fleshers "  still 
existing.  E.  H.  K. 

EPITAPH  IN  MEMORY  OF  A  SPANIARD  (2nd  S.  ix. 
324.)— Under  the  heading  of  "Epitaph  in  Me- 
mory of  a  Spaniard,"  an  inscription  is  given  in 
Roman  capitals  for  deciphering,  from  a  small  flat 
stone  near  the  altar  of  the  king  s  chapel  at  Gibral- 
tar. This  inscription,  though  stated  to  be  worn 
by  constant  treading,  appears  to  me  to  be  per- 
fectly intelligible,  notwithstanding  the  capital  let- 
ters being  equidistant  and  without  punctuation, 
unless  my  memory,  after  an  interval  of  half  a 
century,  when  I  served  in  Spain,  deceives  me.  In 
Spanish  it  would  read  thus  :  — 

"Esta  Sepoltura  es  de  Juan  Calbodsa  Abedere  y  de 
sus  herederos  ano"  de  1609." 

And  translated  into  English  :  — 

"  This  is  the  Sepulchre  of  John  Calbodsa  Abedere  and 
his  heirs,  the  year  1609." 

JOHN  SCOTT  LILLIE. 

P.S.  As  none  of  the  heirs  of  that  family  appear 
to  have  claimed  the  right  of  interment  under  that 


352 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAY  5.  'GO. 


tombstone  since  we  have  been  in  possession  of 
the  rock,  I  do  not  think  it  likely  it  will  be  ever 
disturbed  by  any  of  them  for  that  purpose  ;  but  if 
it  should  so  happen  at  a  future  period  that  the  in- 
scription becomes  illegible,  and  that  some  future 
heir  of  the  family  should  seek  for  the  resting- 
place  of  his  ancestors,  he  may  be  enabled  to  find 
it  by  a  reference  to  your  volume  of  "  N.  &  Q."  of 
the  present  year,  which  will  no  doubt  be  found  in 
the  library  at  Gibraltar.  So  far  your  interesting 
publication  will  serve  as  a  record  for  future  gene- 
rations. 

MR.  BRIGHT  AND  THE  BRITISH  LION  (2nd  S. 
ix.  179.)— The  expression  or  saying  ascribed  to 
Mr.  Bright  reminds  one  of  the  sarcastic  language 
of  the  old  Jacobite  Song,  "  Willie  the  Wag"  :  — 

"  The  tod  rules  o'er  the  lion, 

The  midden's  aboon  the  moon ; 
And  Scotland  maun  cower  and  cringe 

To  a  fause  and  a  foreign  loon. 
O  walyfu'  fa'  the  piper 

That  sells  his  wind  sae  dear, 
And  walyfu'  fa'  the  time 

Whan  Willie  the  wag  came  here." 

G.N. 

ESSAY  ON  TASTE  :  FAUX  (2nd  S.  viii,  470.)— I 
do  not  know  who  Faux  was  :  the  lines  are  trans- 
lated from  Valerius  Flaccus  :  — 

"  Ille  ut  se  medise,  per  scuta  virosque,  cannae 
Intulit ;  ardenti  ^sonides  retinacula  ferro 
Abscidit :  haud  aliter  saltus,  vastataque,  pernix 
Venator,  cum  lustra  fugit,  dominoque  timentem 
tJrget  equum,  teneras  complexus  pectore  tigfes, 
Quos  astu  rapuit  pavido,  dum  saeva  relictis 
Mater  in  adverse  catulis  venatur  Amano." 

Argonaut,  1.  i.  v.  488. 

This,  I  think,  is  the  worst  translation  I  ever 
read,  but  it  seems  taken  from  the  original,  not 
altered  from  another  translator.  Some  know- 
ledge of  Latin  is  necessary  to  mistake  astu  for 
hasta.  I  shall  be  glad  to  know  how  the  passage 
stands  in  Nicolas  Whyte's  version,  which  I  have 
not  been  able  to  find  in  the  British  Museum. 

H.  B.  C. 
U.  U.  Club. 

I»YE  WYPE  (2nd  S.  ix.  65.  133.) —These  birds 
are  called  in  Scotland  pease-weeps,  or  "  jaughitts," 
"  jchaughetts,"  or  "  jeuchit."  There  was,  and  pos- 
sibly still  is,  a  very  primitive  hostelrie  on  the  top 
of  the  "  Gleniffer  Braes"  in  Renfrewshire,  called 
the  Pease-weep,  showing  that  the  bird  was  a  con- 
stant frequenter  of  that  high  region.  And  I  can 
assure  your  correspondent  ?,  that  the  pease-weeps 
do  not  always  prefer  wet  or  fenny  ground,  as  I 
have  gathered  scores  of  their  eggs  on  the  driest 
and  best  cultivated  land  in  the  kingdom.  In 
Scotland  they  collect  in  large  flocks  at  the  end  of 
autumn  and  migrate.  I  have  noted  their  rendez- 
vous. Their  eggs  are  said  to  be  particularly 
meretricious.  S.  WMSON. 

Glasgow. 


PETER  HUGUETAN,  LORD  OF  VRIJHOEVEN  (1st  S. 
x.  307.  394. ;  2nd  S.  i.  140.)  — 

"  The  executors  of  Pieter  Huguetan's  will  were  —  Ber- 
nard Joost  Verstege,  Burgomaster  of  Zutphen  ;  Cornelia 
Clant,  Bailiff  (Baljuw'),  Judge  (Schout),  and  Secretary 
of  the  Lordship  (Heerliikheid)  Vrijhoeven,  and  John 
Newman  Cousmaker,  of  Warmford,  Merchant. 

"Ten  of  the  existing  schools  for  children  of  the  Dutch 
Reformed  persuasion  at  Leyderi  are  still  enjoying  the  be- ' 
nefits  of  the  testator's  munificence,  by  drawing  the  re- 
venue from  the  100/.  left  to  each  of  them  in  particular." 
(See  Montanus  in  the  Navorscher,  v.  p.  287.) 

"Amongst  the  legacies  bequeathed  by  Pieter  Hugue- 
tan  of  Vrijhoeven,  I  find  one  recorded  of  500/.,  which  he 
had  disposed  of  in  favour  of  the  Academy  at  Ley  den. 
This  legacy,  however,  was  the  cause  of  a  dispute  between 
the  curators  of  the  said  Academy  and  the  members  of  the 
Academical  Senate,  each  of  which  corporate  bodies 
deemed  itself  entitled  to  taking  the  pounds  in.  By  ami- 
cable arrangement  half  of  the  bequest  was  assigned  to 
the  Senate,  by  whom  this  money  was  applied  in  behalf  of 
the  lately  erected  Fund  for  the  Widows  and  Children  of 
Leyden  Professors,  whilst,  later,  the  curators  resigned 
their  portion  to  the  same  purpose."  See  Professor  Siegen- 
beek,  Geschiedenis  der  Leidsche  Hoopeschoel,  vol.  i.  p.  415., 
in  the  note,  where  this  author  calls  Huguetan  "  a  lettered 
Englishman."  (V.  D.  N.  in  the  Navorscher,  vi.  p.  22.) 

L.  J.  (Navorscher,  vi.  p.  80.)  remembers  the 
following  doggrel,  as  having  been  current  in  his 
youth :  — 

"  Wie  stelen  wil,  wie  stelen  kan, 
Die  stele  zoo  als  Huguetan." 
(Whoever  wants  to  steal,  if  steal  he  can, 
Should  steal  as  well  as  Peter  Huguetan.) 

My  informant  prudently  doubts  the  inference 
to  be  drawn  from  a  literal  interpretation  of  the 
above,  which  I  hope  is  not  more  true  than  its 
morals  are  good. 

"Vrijhoeven  is  a  Lordship  in  South  Holland,  and  now 
(1855)  belongs  to  Jonkheer  D.  vanLockhorst  of  Rotter- 
dam." (W.  M.  Z.,  /.  L  pp.  287,  288.) 

J.  H.  VAN  LENNEP. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht. 

CLERICAL  M.P.'s  (2nd  S.  ix.  124.  232.)— Besides 
the  late  Mr.  Henry  Drummond,  three  other  names 
of  dissenting  ministers  may  be  mentioned  who  have 
had  seats  in  Parliament :  —  Thomas  Read  Kemp, 
formerly  M.P.  for  Lewes,  minister  of  a  congrega- 
tion at  Brighton;  William  Johnson  Fox,  now 
M.P.  for  Oldbarfl,  minister  of  South  Place  Cbapel, 
Finsbury  ;  and  Edward  Miall,  late  M.P.  for  Roch- 
dale, and  formerly  an  Independent  minister. 

J.  R.  W. 

THE  TERMINATION  "TH"  (2nd  S.  Jx.  244.)- 
Horne  Tooke  having  established  in  the  minds  of 
many  etymologists  that  this  terminal  of  the  noun 
is  taken  from  the  third  person  singular  of  the 
verb,  it  is  desirable  that  its  derivation  should  be 
traced.  To  begin  with  German,  we  have  bath 
bad,  death  tod,  heath  heide,  sheath  scheide,  oath 
eid,  path  pfad,  swath  schwade,  seeth  seiden,  smith 
schmid,  both  beyde,  cloth  kleide,  booth  bude,  earth 
erde,  hearth  heerd,  north  nord,  mouth  mund,  south 


i«a  s.  IX.  MAY  5.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


353 


suden.  youttijugend,  beneath  hienieden,  math  mahd, 
and  smooth  schmeid,  where  the  English  th  is  the 
descendant  of  the  Germanic  d.  Farther,  hath  hat, 
lath  latte,  breadth  breite,  width  weite,  month  monat, 
moth  motte,  garth  gurt,  birth  geburt,  worth  werth, 
and  sith  seit,  where  the  English  th  is  derived 
from  the  German  t.  The  Anglo-Saxon  furnishes 
the  words  breath,  wreath,  loath,  rath,  wrath, 
wroth,  faith,  pith,  with,  tilth,  sooth,  forsooth, 
tooth,  froth,  quoth,  mirth,  forth,  uncouth,  and 
truth,  with  slight  variation  from  English.  The 
remaining  words  in  th  are  length,  health,  stealth, 
warmth,  sloth,  broth,  depth,  smeeth,  monteth, 
frith  (from  the  Swedish  faerd),  wealth,  spilth 
(Danish  spilde},  troth  (old  German  and  French 
drud),  dearth,  swarth,  ruth,  and  the  ordinal  num- 
bers, most  of  which  have  no  representative  of  the 
th  in  their  origin,  and  some  of  them  may  come 
under  Home  Tooke's  rule,  which  is  confined  to 
English  and  Anglo-Saxon,  both  derivative  lan- 
guages ;  but  such  rule  disposes  of  so  small  and 
insignificant  a  portion  of  our  nouns  as  scarcely  to 
deserve  notice.  It  cannot  properly  be  termed  a 
law  or  rule,  for  it  is  exceptional  and  abnormal,  so 
far  as  regards  the  formation  of  nouns  from  verbs 
in  these  two  of  the  Indo-Germanic  class,  although 
it  is  a  general  rule  in  the  Shemitic  languages  that 
the  noun  is  formed  from  the  third  person  of  the 
verb,  that,  and  not  the  first  person,  being  the  root 
and  the  simplest  form  of  the  word. 

In  Dr.  Donaldson's  New  Cratylus,  the  authors 
who  have  treated  on  etymology  may  be  found 
characterised  ;  but  in  writers-  like  Vater,  Rask, 
Grimm,  Pritchard,  Bopp,  and  Pott,  who  had  a 
much  more  extended  linguistic  horizon  than 
Home  Tooke,  no  such  rule  as  to  the  th  is  to  be 
found.  Some  English  etymologists,  Murray,  Gar- 
diner, Richardson,  and  Trench,  have  adhered 
partially  to  Home  Tooke's  views.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 

DURANCE  VILE  (2nd  S.  ix.  223.)  —  Burns  uses 
the  expression,  but  whether  he  first  I  cannot  say. 
—  Vide  Epistle  from  Esopus  to  Maria,  v.  55-59. 

"  A  workhouse !  ah,  that  sound  awakes  my  woes, 
And  pillows  on  the  thorn  my  rack'd  repose ! 
In  durance  vile  here  must  I  wake  and  weep, 
And  all  my  frowsy  couch  in  sorrow  steep !  " 

ACHE. 

REV.  F.  J.  H.  RANKIN  (2nd  S.  ix.  263.)— The 
Rev.  F.  J.  H.  Rankin,  B.A.  (not  Ranken),  was  a 
native  of  Bristol  and  a  member  of  an  old  English 
Presbyterian  family.  He  received  his  education 
for  the  dissenting  ministry  at  Manchester  New 
College,  then  established  at  York,  but  now  in 
London  —  an  institution  connected  with  the  Lon- 
don University.  After  studying  there  for  five 
years  (1823—8),  he  officiated  for  a  short  time  as 
an  occasional  preacher  at  Dudley  and  other  places, 
and  was  afterwards  engaged  in  tuition  at  Leeds 
and  Liverpool.  While  at  Liverpool  he  conformed 


to  the  Established  Church ;  graduated  at  the 
London  University  in  1841,  and  was  ordained  by 
the  late  Bishop  of  London ;  went  as  first  Queen's 
Chaplain  to  Gambia,  where,  after  a  short  resi- 
dence, he  fell  a  victim  to  the  climate  in  1847, 
when  about  forty-two  years  of  age,  leaving  a 
widow  and  two  daughters.  J.  R.  W. 

SIR  ROBERT  LE  GRYS  (2nd  S.  viii.  268.)  — I  re- 
member well  the  name  of  Le  Grys  at  Dickie- 
burgh,  Norfolk.  The  then  owner  of  it  was  James 
le  Grys  —  spelt  Le  Grice  (if  I  recollect  rightly) — 
who  was  a  small  yeoman  or  farmer,  and  was  re- 
puted to  be  the  descendant  of  an  ancient  reduced 
family.  AN  ARTIST. 

THOMAS  HOUSTON  (1st  S.  xi.  86, 173.)  — There  is 
a  biographical  notice  of  this  poet  in  one  of  the  early 
numbers  of  the  Newcastle  Magazine  about  1820  or 
1821,  in  a  series  of  biographies  of  eminent  persons 
connected  with  Newcastle.  As  the  magazine  is 
rather  scarce,  could  any  of  your  readers  oblige 
me  with  a  short  notice  of  the  author  ?  R.  INGLIS. 

SEA  BREACHES  ON  THE  NORFOLK  COAST  (2nd  S. 
ix.  30.  288.)  — Your  correspondents  who  have 
written  on  this  subject  will  find  some  notice  of  it 
in  the  Chronicle  of  John  of  Oxenedes,  recently 
published  by  the  Master  of  the  Rolls,  under  the 
editorship  of  Sir  Henry  Ellis.  The  Index  con- 
tains references  to  all  the  notices  of  these  cala- 
mities recorded  by  the  writer,  who,  living  at  St. 
Benet's  Abbey,  was  in  a  good  position  for  being 
correctly  informed  respecting  them.  Sir  Henry, 
in  his  Preface  (p.  xxxii.)  refers  to  my  father's 
Geological  Map  of  Norfolk,  as  illustrating  the 
changes  produced  by  these  devastating  inroads. 

B.  B.  WOODWARD. 

"  THIS  DAY  EIGHT  DAYS  "  (2nd  S.  ix.  90.  153.)— 
Besides  confirming  J.  MACRAY'S  statement  as  to 
this  being  a  common  phrase  in  Scotland,  I  may 
mention  that  it  is  also  common  to  speak  of  twenty 
days  when  meaning  three  weeks;  for  which  the 
explanation  of  T.  J.  BUCKTON  will  hardly  account. 
The  same  anomaly  exists  in  the  corresponding 
French  phrases :  huit  jours,  for  a  week ;  quinte 
jours,  for  a  fortnight ;  vingt  jours,  for  three  weeks. 
The  Italians  and  Spaniards  again,  while  using 
quindici  giorni  and  quince  dias  for  a  fortnight,  call 
a  week  settimana  and  semana  !  J.  P.  0. 

AGE  OF  THE  HORSE  (2nd  S.  ix.  101.)— Will  no 
Warrington  correspondent  give  you  the  age  of 
"  Old  Billy,"  of  whom  there  is  an- engraving,  and 
whose  authenticated  age,  if  I  remember  right,  was 
somewhere  about  seventy  years  ?  P.  P. 

SARAH  DUCHESS  OP  SOMERSET  (2nd  S.  ix.  197.) 
—  This  lady  is  said  to  have  married  Henry,  second 
Lord  Coleraine,  and  to  have  died  Oct.  25,  1692. 
The  reference  being  Archdale's  Irish  Peerage,  v. 
145.  Her  will  is  dated  May  17,  1686.  S.  O. 


354 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


£2"*  S.  IX.  MAY  5.  '60. 


FAMILY  OF  HAVARD  (2nd  S.  ix.  124.)— Five- 
and  twenty  years  ago,  Havard  was  the  name  of 
the  Frenchman  who  kept  the  first  hotel  at  Munich. 
He  had,  I  think,  been  a  maitre  d'hotel  to  Eugene 
Beauharnois,  who,  when  Due  de  Leuchtenberg, 
had  married  one  of  King  Joseph  Maximilian's 
daughters.  J.  P.  O. 

BRIGHTON  PAVILION  (2nd  S.  ix.  163.)  —  "The 
carefully  executed  outline  Etchings  "  are  from 

"  Illustrations  of  Her  Majesty's  Palace  at  Brighton ; 
formerly  the  Pavilion :  executed  by  the  Command  of 
King  George  the  Fourth,  under  the  Superintendence  of 
John  Nash,  Esq.  Architect,  to  which  is  prefixed  a  History 
of  the  Palace,  by  Edward  Wedlake  Brayley,  Esq.  F.S.A." 
London :  Printed  by  and  for  J.  B.  Nichols  and  Son,  25. 
Parliament  Street;  sold  also  by  R.  Loder  and  James 
Taylor,  Brighton,  1838. 

My  copy  of  the  work  (a  folio)  has,  in  addition 
to  the  outline  etchings,  one  set  filled  in  to  represent 
drawings,  mounted  on  light  brown  tinted  card- 
board. They  consist  of  thirty-one  plates. 

W.  E.  W. 

THE  LETTER  "w"  (2nd  S.  ix.  244.)  — This 
letter  is  sounded  as  a  consonant  in  all  the  Slavonic 
and  Germanic  languages  [as  v  in  English],  ex- 
cepting only  the  English  and  Cambrian,  where  it 
is  sounded  as  a  single  or  double  o.  (Eichhofi's 
Vergleichung,  by  Kaltschmidt,  p.  58.)  The  Eng- 
lish and  Welsh  sound  of  w  is  represented  in 
French  by  ou  (as  in  oui),  in  Spanish  by  hu  or 
gu,  and  in  modern  Greek  by  of.  The  v  sound  of  w 
is  represented  by  a  distinct  character  in  Gothic, 
German,  Friesic,  and  Anglo-Saxon.  The  cha- 
racter v  in  German  and  Dutch  is  sounded  as  /in 
English.  In  Slavonic  and  Russian  the  v  sound  is 
represented  by  B  (viedi).  In  Friesic  iv  is  some- 
times pronounced  as  the  English  u  in  under. 
(Rash,  by  Buss,  p.  27.)  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 

ARMS  OF  BORDER  FAMILIES  OF  ARMSTRONG 
AND  ELLIOT  (2nd  S.  ix.  198.) — Armstrong  (of 
Eskdale) :  Argent,  issuing  from  the  sinister,  a  dex- 
ter arm  habited  gules,  the  hand  grasping  the 
trunk  of  an  oak  tree  eradicated  and  broken  at  the 
top,  ppr. 

Elliot.  —  Gu.  on  a  bend  or,  a  baton  az.  (by 
some  called  a  flute  or  shepherd's  pipe.) 

The  different  branches  of  this  family  have 
varied  their  arms  by  indenting,  invecking,  en- 
grailing, or  coticing  the  bend. 

Those  of  Roxburghshire  bear  the  arms  (the 
bend  engrailed')  within  a  bordure  vaire.  J.  W. 

Shoreham. 

PIGTAILS  (2nd  S.  ix.  315.)-— It  may  be  inter- 
esting to  notice  the  modus  operandi  of  the  military 
pigtail.  I  recollect  my  father  (during  our  bar- 
rack life  in  1803)  wearing  a  pigtail  about  twelve 
inches  long,  and  it  was  thus  managed  every  morn- 
ing before  parade.  A  lock  of  hair  at  the  back 


of  the  head  was  allowed  to  grow  a  little  longer 
than  the  rest,  and  upon  this  was  placed  a  piece  of 
whalebone  about  ten  inches  long,  and  of  the  size 
of  a  small  quill ;  a  narrow  black  ribbon  was  then 
wound  round  the  lock  and  the  whalebone,  and 
continued  along  the  latter,  until  near  the  end  of 
it  when  a  lock  of  hair  (kept  for  the  purpose) 
was  placed  on  the  whalebone,  projecting  two  in- 
ches beyond  it,  and  the  ribbon  wound  to  the  end 
of  the  whalebone,  where  it  was  fastened  off.  It 
thus  resembled  a  continuous  tail  of  hair,  terminat- 
ing with  a  curl.  J.  S.  BURN. 

REFRESHMENT  FOR  CLERGYMEN  (2nd  S.  ix.  24. 
90.  189.  288.)— I  well  recollect  that  on  the  grand 
charity  sermon  days  for  the  parochial  school  at  Rom- 
ford,  Essex,  the  vestry-table  was  covered  with  th( 
large  white  communion  cloth,  and  that  two  bottle 
of  wine  (Port  and  Sherry),  with  plates  of  almonds 
and  raisins,  biscuits,  &c.,  were  provided  for  the 
clergymen  and  their  friends,  morning  and  afternoon. 
Whether  all  these  good  things  were  for  tokens  of 
rejoicing  after  the  liberal  collection,  or  really  for 
the  refreshment  of  the  weary,  I  know  not ;  but 
this  I  know,  that  Romford  church  was  celebrate  " 
for' the  annual  charity  sermon  collections,  amount- 
ing generally  to  701.  or  80/.,  or  nearly  100/.,  for  I 
recollect  95Z.  having  been  collected  at  the  doors 
in  good  old  days.  AN  OLD  CURATE. 

It  is  customary  in  a  Dissenting  congregation,  in 
the  interval  (about  an  hour)  between  the  fore- 
noon and  afternoon's  services,  to  offer  the  minister 
a  glass  of  wine  in  the  vestry.  A  highly  respecta- 
ble minister  from  England  happening  to  officiate, 
one  of  the  deacons  of  the  church,  as  usual,  brought 
forward  the  wine,  with  the  modest  apology :  "  I 
presume,  Sir,  you  can  take  a  glass  of  wine?"  "0 
yes  "  (replied  the  minister,  seemingly  rather  aston- 
ished), " I  can  take  two"  G.  K 

FRENCH  CHURCH  IN  LONDON  (2nd  S.  ix.  230.) 
— Galterus  Deloenus  (or  Walter  Deloene)  was  not 
a  French  but  a  German  Protestant.  He  was  one 
of  the  four  foreigners  appointed  by  Edward  VI.'s 
charter  of  1550  to  be  the  first  ministers  of  the 
German  church  in  Austin  Friars,  under  the  su- 
perintendence of  John  a'  Lasco.  This  is  but  a  scrap 
of  information,  but,  such  as  it  is,  is  quite  at  MR. 
BRADSHAW'S  service.  G.  M.  G. 

JEW  JESUIT  (2nd  S.  ix.  79.  312.)  —  The  Jesuits 
have  much  to  answer  for,  but  I  do  not  think  what 
is  here  recorded  of  them  can  be  true.  They  are 
reported  to  have  stolen  a  child  from  Jewish  pa- 
rents, and  to  have  brought  up  that  child  as  a 
Jesuit.  There  may  have  been  many  Mortara 
cases,  but  it  should  be  observed  that  by  a  decree 
of  the  fifth  General  Congregation  of  the  Order,  it 
was  ordained  that  no  one  hereafter  be  admitted 
into  this  Society,  who  descends  from  the  race  of 
Hebrews  or  Saracens ;  and  if  any  such  has  by 


S.  IX.  MAY  5.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


355 


error  been  received,  let  him  as  soon  as  it  is 
proved  be  dismissed  the  Society.  This  decree 
was  confirmed,  and  Jewish  descent  decided  to  be 
not  only  an  indispensable  but  an  essential  im- 
pediment. I  therefore  doubt  the  truth  of  this 


story. 


B.  H.  C. 


PEERS  SERVING  AS  MAYORS  (2nd  S.  ix.  162.  292.) 
—  Winchester  can  show  the  following  peers  in 
the  authentic  part  of  her  roll  of  mayors  :  — 

1661.  His  Grace  Charles,  Duke  of  Bolton. 

1773.          „          the  Duke  of  Chandos. 

1774. 

1784. 

B.  B.  WOODWARD. 

WATSON,  HORNE,  AND  JONES  (2nd  S.  viii.  396.) 
— In  consequence  of  the  inquiries  made  by  MR. 
MARKLANo'and  myself  into  the  existence  of  any 
printed  copies  of  the  Rev.  George  Watson's  four 
sermons  preached  between  the  years  1 749  and  1756, 
I  have  found  they  are  all  in  the  British  Museum 
and  the  Bodleian  Library.  I  have  in  consequence 
taken  steps  to  procure  transcripts  of  them,  three 
of  which  I  have  received,  with  a  view  to  publi- 
cation. I  am  glad  farther  to  state  that  the  con- 
tents of  these  valuable  discourses,  by  several 
competent  judges,  are  considered  to  exceed  rather 
than  fall  short  of  the  high  character  given  of  them 
by  Bishop  Home  and  the  Rev.  William  Jones 
of  Nayland,  and  that  they  will  be  found  to  be  a 
valuable  acquisition  to  theology,  in  learning  and 
in  eloquence.  Their  discovery  is  another  in- 
stance of  the  value  of  "  N.  &  Q."  in  bringing  to 
light  hidden  treasures  of  various  descriptions. 

JOHN  MAT.  GUTCH. 

Worcester. 

JAMES  AINSLIE  (2nd  S.  ix.  142.)— In  the  Inqui- 
sitiones  Ab.  Ret.  Speciales,  County  Roxburgh, 
occurs  the  following  entry,  which  I  presume  re- 
fers to  this  individual :  — 

"(146.)        Sep.  6.  1631. 

"  Andreas  Ainslie  Mercator  burgensis  de  Edinburgh, 
hares  Jacob!  Ainslie  mercatoris,  burgensis  de  Edinburgh, 
patris — in  decimis  garbalibus  terrarura  et  vilhe  de  Lang- 
toun,  infra  parochiam  de  Jedburgh. 

"  A.E.  4.  m.  N.E.  12.  m."  xii.  190. 

And  under  Edinburgh  the  following  :  — 

"  (528.)  Feb.  1.  1625. 

"  Magister  Cornelius  Ainslie  hares  Jacob!  Ainslie  mer- 
catoris ac  burgensis  de  Edinburgh  patris,  —  in  duobus 
tenementis  in  dicto  burgo. 

"  E.  3  ra."  viii.  332. 

"  (1047.)  Sep.  23,  1654. 

"  Mr.  Cornelius  Ainslie,  heir  of  provisioun  of  Mr.  James 
Ainslie  doctor  of  phisick,  his  brother,— in  tenement  in 
Leitb,— 

"  E.  3s.  4d"  xxiv.  167. 

The  village  of  Darnick  which  in  these  Retours 
is  styled  "  Darnyk  infra  dominium  et  regalitatem 
de  Melrose,"  or  more  generally  "Dernik  in  dominio 
de  Melrois,"  is  situated  about  two  miles  west  from 
Melrose." 


'It  is  mentioned  by  Sir  Walter  Scott  in  his 
Border  Antiquities  as  possessed  of  a  "  bastel 
house"  for  the  defence  of  the  inhabitants,  re- 
quired by  their  proximity  to  the  border. 

This  bastel  house  or  fortalice  still  remains  in 
good  preservation.  The  lintel  over  the  principal 
doorway  has  several  inscriptions,  viz.  A.  H., 
J.  H.,  the  monogram  I.  H.  S.,  1569,  H.,  &c. ;  the 
pannelling  being  recessed  back,  leaving  the  in- 
scription projecting  level  with  the  face  of  the 
stone.  On  another  portion  of  the  building  is  the 
date  1661,  and  over  a  window  the  following  :  — 
"  16  E.  C.  44.  R,R.  I.E."  &c. 

WILLIAM  GALLOWAY. 

Edinburgh. 

"  THE  UPPER  TEN  THOUSAND"  (2nd  S.  ix.  183.) 

—  This  expression  as  it  stands  may  have  been  in- 
vented by  Mr.  Willis,  as  stated  by'Bartlett ;  but 
there  is  a  line  in  which  the  same  idea  occurs,  with 
which  some  of  your  readers  may  be  acquainted  : 

"  The  twice  iwo  thousand  for  whom  earth  was  made." 

Can  you  inform  me  who  was  the  author  of  this 
line  ?  It  is  quoted  in  The  World  of  London, 
published  some  years  ago.  C.  LE  POER  K. 

Roff. 

LEWIS  AND  KOTSKA  (1st  S.  xii.  135. ;  2nd  S.  iii. 
93.)  — 

"  Stanislaus  Kotska,  the  Polish  Saint,  and  Ludovico 
and  Ghisberto,  his  .Italian  imitators,  were  killed,  whether 
with  their  own  consent  or  not  is  uncertain,  by  being  laid 
on  the  bare  stone  floors  when  sick  from  starvation  and 
penance,  as  may  be  seen  in  their  lives  and  the  pictures  of 
Ribera  and  Guercino.  Saint  Dominick  rolled  in  the  snow, 
and  St.  Francis  went  to  bed  in  the  fire." —  Warning 
against  Popery,  8vo.,  pp.  124.,  London,  1731. 

A  reference  to  any  account  of  these  deaths  from 
cold,  and  of  the  pictures,  will  oblige  P.  E. 

MY  EYE  AND  BETTY  MARTIN  (2nd  S.  ix.  315.) — 
I  grieve  to  see  "  N.  &  Q."  transmitting  to  pos- 
terity incorrect  slang.  Search  all-the  authorities, 
and  it  will  surely  be  found  that  and  has  no  right 
to  appear.  I  will  answer  for  it  that  all  old 
stagers  and  old  books  will  support  me  in  giving 
"  All  my  eye  Betty  Martin  "  as  the  true  formula. 
And  this  affords  some  small  confirmation  of  the 
legend  that  "O  mini  Beate  Martine"  is  the  source. 

M. 

WRIGHT   or  PLOWLAND  (2nd  S.  ix.  174.  313.) 

—  There  is  a  pedigree  of  this  family,  and  some 
account  of  the  Gunpowder  Plot  conspirators,  in 
Poulson's  History  of  Holderness,  vol.  ii.  pp.  516, 
517.,  4to.,    1841.     John  Wright,   of  Plotighland 
Hall,  Seneschale  to  Henry  VIII.,  "  came  out  of 
Kent  33  Hen.  VIII.,"  and  married  Alice,  daugh- 
ter and  coheiress  of  John  Ryther,  Esq.,  by  whom 
he  had  a  son  and  successor,  Robert  Wright,  Esq. 
(buried  at  Welwick  18th  July,  1594),  who,  by  his 
first  wife  Ann,  daughter  of  Thomas  Grimston,  of 


356 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


[21*  S.  IX.  MAY  5.  '60. 


Grimston  Garth,  Esq.,  had  William,  who  married 
Ann,  daughter  of  Robert  Thornton  of  East  New- 
ton ;  and  having,  according  to  the  monumental 
brass  still  in  Welwick  church,  and  engraved  by 
Poulson,  "  lived  lovingly  together  ye  space  of  50 
years  in  ye  feare  of  God  &  love  of  Men,  finished  a 
faire  Pilgrimage  to  a  ioyfvll  Paradice" — Ann,  on 
the  28th  Dec.  1618,  and  William  on  the  23rd 
Aug.  1621.  Robert  Wright,  by  his  second  wife, 
Ursula,  daughter  of  Nicholas  Rudston  of  Hayton, 
and  his  second  wife  Jane,  daughter  of  Sir  William 
Mallory  of  Studley,  Knt.  (liv.  1589),  had  issue, 
1.  John,  the  Gunpowder  Plot  conspirator,  bap- 
tized at  Welwick  16th  Jan.  1568,  who  married 
and  had  issue,  as  appears  by  the  Welwick  regis- 
ter ;  2.  Christopher,  attainted  in  1605,  and  three 
daughters. 

The  arms  on  the  brass  in  Welwick  church  are  : 
arg.  a  fess  chequy  or  and  az.  between  three  eagles' 
heads,  erased,  sab.  quartering  1  az.  three  crescents 
or,  for  Ryther  (Barons  Ryther  temp.  Edw.  I.)  2.  ... 
a  lion  rampant.  F.  R.  R. 

GUMPTION  (2nd  S.  ix.  125.  188.  275,)  —  Jon 
Bee  (John  Badcock),  in  his  Dictionary  of  the  Va- 
rieties of  Life,  or  Lexicon  Balatronicum,  12mo. 
1823,  says  that  — 

"  A  general  uppishness  to  things,  and  being  down  to 
the  most  ordinary  transactions  of  life,  is  gumption;  and  he 
who  knows  what"  the  world  would  be  at  is  gumptious" 

The  same  authority  farther  says,  that, 
fi  A  knowing  sort  of  Humbug,  is  Uumgumptious" 
Grose,  in  his  Classical  Dictionary  of  the  Vulgar 
Tongue,  ed.  1823,  defines  gumption  or  rumgump- 
tion  to  be  "docility,  comprehension,  and  saga- 
city." In  this  signification  the  word  is  vulgarly 
used  in  Warwickshire ;  indeed,  almost  as  an  exact 
equivalent  with  MOMS,  nousy ;  a  person  not  charac- 
terised by  this  "  uppishness  "  or  "downishness," — 
for  these  apparently  opposite  terms  are  inter- 
changeable (see  Edgworth's  Irish.  Bulls,  chap,  x.) 
*—  is  said  to  be  "  gumptionless."  The  word  is, 
perhaps,  not  much  older  than  the  century. 

The  adverbs  compte,  comptius,  in  the  sense  of 
neatly,  orderly,  are  used  by  Aldus  Gellius,  (lib. 
vii.  cap.  3.),  &c. 

But  is  it  not  from  a  nearer  source,  and  with  re- 
gard to  an  altogether  different  signification,  that  we 
are  to  look  for  the  origin  and  etymology  of  the  word, 
as  popularly  used  in  the  sense  above-mentioned  ? 
In  the  language  of  art,  the  term  gumption  is  in 
common  use  to  denote  one  of  those  gellied  vehicles, 
or  megilps,  which  are  used  by  the  artist  to  tem- 
per, dilute,  and  promote  the  drying  of  his  colours, 
and  which,  when  so  termed,  is  understood  to  be  a 
compound  of  acetate  of  lead,  linseed-oil,  and  mas- 
tic-varnish. It  is  so  defined  in  Field's  Rudiments  of 
the  Painters'  Art,  Weale,  1 850,  p.  1 40. ;  and  without 
searching  for  it  in  the  older  treatises  on  the  sub- 
ject, I  find  it  alluded  to,  as  a  term  well  known,  in 


the  Introduction  to  the  Art  of  Painting,  $c.,  by  J. 
Cawse,  8vo.,  1822,  where  the  author  speaks  of 
"  the  ill  effects  of  the  nostrums  in  the  shape  of 
megelps,  gitmtions,  impastoes"  Sfc.  Here  we  have 
gumtion  without  the  p,  and  thus,  remembering 
that  its  principal  constituent  is  g-wm-mastic,  and 
that  its  appearance  and  consistence  is  gummy,  I 
think  that  we  may  reasonably  surmise,  —  not 
thinking  it  worth  while  to  travel  to  the  "  rivers  of 
Damascus  "  when  the  Jordan  is  close  at  hand,  • — 
that  it  simply  means  the  act  of  gumming,  or  paint- 
ing  in  gum,  as  creation  means  the  art  of  creating. 
Now,  a  colour  not  drying,  or  "  bearing  out "  well 
on  the  canvass,  would  be  said  not  to  be  used  with 
gumtion,  and  the  artist  would  be  spoken  of,  or  to, 
as  not  appearing  to  possess  this  valuable  aid. 
Hence  the  term  may  have  got  into  the  language 
of  every-day  life,  and  one  acting  his  part  with 
skill,  and  doing  his  work  cleverly,  may  be  said  to 
have  plenty  of  gumtion  about  him,  just  as  he  has  a 
varnish  of  manners,  or  a  veneer  of  learning. 

WILLIAM  BATES. 
Edgbaston. 


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419.  685.  The  very  liberal  and  ingenious  suggestion  of  our  correspondent'1  s 
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CLAMMTLD.  Our  correspondent  will  find  a  letter  addressed  to  CLAM- 
MILD  at  the  Athenaeum  Club. 

R.  S.  will  find  his  Query  respecting  Ludlam's  Dog  solved  in  our  1st 
Series,  as  well  as  tlie  other  subjects  of  his  communication. 


one  volume  of  Wood's  Athenas  was  published  by  the  Ec- 
istory  Society,  who  published  also  the  English  and  Irish 
,  and  Strype's  Cranmer. 

p.   315.  col.   ii.  1.  24.  for  "Juan"  read 


J.  W.    O 

l 
i  ayer 

ERRATDM._2nd   S.  ix. 

Tuner." 


"  NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  suhscripttqn  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  Us.  id.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  MESSRS.  BELL  AND  DALDY  ,186.  FLEET  STREET,  L.C.t  to  whom 
all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  THS  EDITOR  $ho\4id  be  addressed, 


!«d  S.  IX.  MAY  5.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


UNITED   KINGDOM 

LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  S.W. 

The  Hon.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  Esq.,  Deputy  Chairman. 

FOURTH  DIVISION  OF  PROFITS. 

SPECIAL  NOTICE.-Parties  desirous  of  participating  .in  the  fourth 
division  of  profits  to  be  declared  on  all  policies  effected  prior  to  the  31st 
December  next  year,  should,  in  order  to  enjoy  the  same,  make  imme- 
diate application.  There  have  already  been  three  divisions  of  profits, 
and  the  bonuses  divided  have  averaged  nearly  2  per  cent,  per  annum  on 
the  sums  assured,  or  from  30  to  100  per  cent,  on  the  premiums  paia, 
without  imparting  to  the  recipients  the  risk  of  copartnership,  as  is  the 
case  in  mutual  societies. 

To  show  more  clearly  what  these  bonuses  amount  to,  three  following 
cases  are  put  forth  as  examples  : 

Sum  Insured.        Bonuses  added.        Amount  payable  up  to  Dec.,  1854. 
X5.000  £1,987  10s.  ,88.987  JOs. 

1,000  397  I  Os.  1,397  10s. 

'lOO  39  10s.  139  15s. 

Notwithstanding  these  large  additions,  the  premiums  are  on  the 
lowest  scale  compatible  with  security  for  the  payment  of  the  policy  when 
death  arises;  in  addition  to  which  advantages,  one  half  of  the  annual 
premiums  may,  if  de-ired,  for  the  term  of  five  years,  remain  unpaid  at 
5  per  cent,  interest,  the  other  ha|f  being  advanced  by  the  company  with- 
out security  or  deposit  of  the  policy. 

The  Assets  of  the  Company  at  the  31st  December,  1858,  amounted 
to  £i552,6i»  3s.  10(7.,  all  of  which  has  been  invested  in  Government  and 
other  approved  securities. 

No  charge  for  Volunteer  Military  Corps  whilst  serving  in  the  United 
Kingdom. 

Policy  Stamps  paid  by  the  Office. 

Immediate  application  should  be  made  to  the  Resident  Director,  8. 
Waterloo  Place,  Pall  MaU.-By  order,  p>  MACmTYRE> 


ESTERN  LIFE  ASSURANCE  AND 

$  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON, S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1843. 


Directort. 


H.  E.  Bicknell.Esq. 
T.  8.  Cocks,  Esq. 
O.  H.  Drew, Esq. M.A. 
W.  Freeman, Esq. 
F.  Fuller. Esq. 
J.H.Goodhart.Esq. 


f.  Lucas,  Esq. 
.  B.  Marson,E«q. 
A.  Robinson,  Esq. 
J.L.  Seager,  Esq. 
J.B.  White, Eeq. 


Physician-  W.  R.  Basham,  M.D. 
Bankers — Meetrt.  Coeki,  Biddulph.andCo. 

Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  thic  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  paying  a  Premium,  as  permission  is  given  upon 
application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  the  con- 
ditions Detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

LOANS  from  100L  to  500Z.  granted  on.  real  or  first-rate  Personal 
Security. 

Attention  is  also  invited  to  t  Derates  of  annuity  gran  ted  to  old  lives, 
for  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 
Example :  lOOJ.  cash  paid  down  purchases— /in  annuity  of- 
£  *.  d. 
10   4    0  to  a  male  life  aged  60") 

€5  (Payable  as  long 


12    S    1 

u  ie  a 

18  11  10 


70 1     as  he  is  alive. 
7£>) 


Now  ready,  10th  Edition,  price  7s.  6d.,  of 

MR.     SCRATCHLEY'S     MANUAL,     on 

FRIENDLY  SOCIETIES,  with  RULES,  TABLES,  and  an  EXPO- 
SITION of  the  TRUE  LAW  OF  SICKNESS. 

SHAW  &  SONS,  Fetter  Lane  ;  and  LAYTONS,  150.  Fleet  Street,  E.G. 


PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS  is  the  CHEAPEST 

[      HorsK  in  the  Trad'.' for  PAPER  and  ENVELOPES,  £C.    Useful 

1 /mres  for  6d.  Super  Thick  ditto.  5  Quires  for  Is. 

vi-lnpes,  M.  per   100.     Sermon  Paper,  4s.,  Straw 

Paper,  Vs.  >;•/.,  Foolscap,  fa.  6r/.  per  Ream.     Manuscript  Paper,  3d.  per 
Quirt.  s  for  Is.  Black  bordered  Note,  5  Quires  for 

U.    Copy  Books  ic'ipiesect).  la.  Hd.  per  dozen.    P.  &  C.'s  Law  Pen  Cas 
flexible  as  the  Quill;,  2s.  per  gross. 

JT«  Chwrje  for  Stamping  At*ms,  Crests,  <5-e.  from  own  Dies. 
Catalogues  Post  Free;  Orders  over  20«.  Carriage  paid. 

Copy  Address,  PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS, 
Manufacturing  Stationers :  1.  Chancery  Lane,  and  192.  Fleet  St.  B.C. 


CLERGY  MUTUAL   ASSURANCE  SOCIETY, 
3.  Broad  Sanctuary,  Westminster. 
Patrons—  The  Archbishops  of  CANTERBURY  and  YORK. 

Trustees  — The  Bishops  of  London  and  Winchester,  the  Dean  of  West- 
minster, and  the  Archdeacon  of  M  aidstone. 

Council  of  Reference  — The  Archbishops,  and  Bishops  of  London,  Dur- 
ham and  Winchester. 

Chairman  of  Directors—  The  Archdeacon  of  LONDON. 
Deputy  Chairman  —  F.  L.  WOLLASTON.Esq.,  M.A. 

The  present  amount  assured  upon  life  exceeds  3,000,000^. 

The  invested  capital  is  upwards  of940yOOOZ. 

The  annual  income  is  upwards  of  120,000?. 

Clergymen,  and  the  wives,  widows,  sons,  and  daughters  of  clergymen, 
and  the  near  relations  of  clergymen,  and  the  near  relations  of  the 
wives  of  clergy  men,  are  qualilied  to  effect  assurances  upon  their  lives 
in  this  Society  to  any  amount  not  exceeding  6000?.  The  rates  of  pre- 
mium are  moderate  ;  there  are  no  proprietors  to  share  in  the  profits, the 
whole  of  the  surplus  capital,  assigned  every  fifth  year,  being  appro- 
priated to  the  assured  members. 

The  next  bonus  will  be  in  the  year  18G1. 

Assurances  upon  life  may  be  made  in  this  Society  upon  payment  of 
reduced  annual  premiums,  viz.,  upon  payment  of  four-fifths  of  the 
rates  chargeable,  one- fifth  remaining  in  arrear,  to  be  paid  off  from  time 
to  time  by  bonus. 

Prospectuses  and  forms  of  application  for  assurances  may  be  obtained 
at  the  office;  or  by  letter  to  the  Secretary. 

JOHN  HODGSON,  M.A.,See. 


THE  AQUARIUM.— LLOYD'S  DESCRIPTIVE 
and  ILLUSTRATED  LIST  of  whatever  relates  to  the  AQUAr 
RIUM,  is  now  ready,  price  Is. ;  or  by  Post  for  Fourteen  Stamps.    128 
Pages,  and  87  Woodcuts. 

W.ALFORD  LLOYD,  19,20,  and  20  A.  PortlandRoad.Regent's 
Park, London,  W. 


PATENT    STARCH, 
USED  IN  THE  ROYAL  LAUNDRY, 

AND  PRONOUNCED  BY  HER  MAJESTY'S  LAUNDRESS,  TO  BB 
THE  FINEST  STARCH  SHE  EVER  USED. 

Sold  by  all  Chandlers,  Grocers,  &c.  &c. 
WOTHERSPOON  &  CO.,  GLASGOW  &  LONDON. 

BROWN  &  POLSON'S 

PATENT   CORN   FLOUR. 

The  Lancet  States, 
"  THIS  is  SUPERIOR  TO  AINVTHING  op  THE  KIND  KNOWN." 

The  most  wholesome  part  of  the  best  Indian  Corn,  prepared  by  a  pro- 
cess Patented  for  the  Three  Kingdoms  and  France,  and  wherever  it 
becomes  known  obtains  great  favour  for  Puddings,  Custards,  Blanc- 
mange !  all  the  uses  of  the  finest  arrow  root,  and  especially  suited  to 
the  delicacy  of  Children  and  Invalids :  — 

BROWN  &  POLSON, 


Manufacturers  to  Her  Majesty  the  Queen  : 
PAISLEY,  MANCHESTER,  DUBLIN,  and  LO 


NDON. 


REDUCTION  OF  DUTY. 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER,  having  reduced  the  prices 
of  their  WINES  in  accordance  with  the  new  Tariff,  are  now 
ng  capital  dinner  Sherry,  21s.,  30s.,  and  36s.  per  dozen  ;  high  class 

pale,  golden,  and  brown  Sherry,  42s.,  48s..  and  5is Good  Port,  Sfls.  and 

36s.-Fiue  old  Port,  42s.,  48s.,  51s.,  60s._Pure  St.-Julien  Claret,  21s.  imd 

30s. —Very  superior  ditto,  36s La  Rose,  36s.,  42s.  —  Finest  growth 

Clarets  60s.,  72s.,  84s._Chablis,  36s.,  48s— Red  and  White  Burgundy, 

36.*!. ,  48s.  to  84s Champagne,  42s.,  5!s.,  60s.,  72s — Hock  and  Moselle, 

36s.,  48s.,  fX)s.  to  120s Kast  India  Madeua.  Imperial  Tokay,  Vermuth, 

Frontignac,  Constnntia,  and  every  other  description  of  Wine  —  Fine 
old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  dozen — Schiedam  Hollands, 
Warisehino,  Curavao,  Cherry  Brandy,  &c.  Oil  receipt  of  a  Post-office 
order  or  reference,  any  quantity,  with  a  Price-list  of  all  other  wines, 
will  be  forwarded  immediately  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

WINE  MERCHANTS,  &c. 
155,  REGENT  STREET,  LONDON,  W. 

and  30.  King's  road,  Brighton. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 


DIAPHANIE,  or  the    Art  of   Imitating   Stained 
Gloss,  adapted  for  Church  or  Staircase  Windows,  Conservatories, 
Ac.    A.  MARION  &  CO.  suggest  to  those  whose  windows  overlook  un- 
sightly walls,  or  objects,  that  the  art  of  DIAPHANIE  offers  to  tuera  a 
means  of  remedying  the  inconvenience  at  a  trifling  cost. 

Book  of  Instructions  sent  Post  Free  for  6rf.    Book  of  Etchin-rs  Post 
Free  Gratis.    A  handsome  specimen  of  the  ait  adapted  to  their  shop 
doors  may  be  seen  at  A.  M  AKION  &  CO.'s,  152.  Regent  Street,  London, 
W.    Wholesale  and  Retail. 
Agents  at  Leeds  ;  MESSRS.  HARVEY,  REYNOLDS  &  FOWLER. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


S.  IX.  MAY  5.  '60. 


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PHILOLOGICAL,  ETHNOGRAPHICAL,  AND 
OTHER  ESSAYS.    By  K.  O.  LATHAM,  M.D.,  F.R.S.,  &c.,  &c. 
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MANUAL  OF  BUDHISM  IN  ITS  MODERN 

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other  Ascetics. 

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WILLIAMS  &  NORGATE,  14.  Henrietta  Street,  Covent  Garden, 
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Reduced  to  8s.,  8vo.  cloth  (published  at  16s.) 

ODERN  POETS  AND  POETRY  OF  SPAIN. 

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_rish  Poetry,  Ancient  and  Modern;  with  Biographical  Memoirs  and 
Specimen-:  of  the  Works  of  the  following  Authors,  viz.:— Jovellanos— 
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-The  Duke  de  Rivas— Breton  de  los  Herreros-Heredia— Espronceda  — 
Zorilla. 

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Now  ready,  neatly  printed,  in  Foolscap  8vo.,  price  5s., 

CHOICE    NOTES 

FROM 

NOTES     AND    QUERIES. 


roi.it  I.ORE. 

ON  the  completion  of  the  First  Series  of  NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 
it  was  suggested  from  many  quarters,  that  a  selection  of  the  more 
curious  articles  scattered  through  the  twelve  volumes  would  be  wel- 
come to  a  numerous  body  of  readers.  It  was  said  that  such  a  selection, 
judiciously  made,  would  not  only  add  to  a  class  of  books  of  which  we 
have  too  few  in  English  literature,  —  we  mean  books  of  the  pleasant 
gossiping  character  of  the  French  ANA  for  the  amusement  of  the 
general  reader,  —  but  would  serve  in  some  measure  to  supply  the  place 
of  the  entire  series  to  those  who  might  not  possess  it. 

It  has  been  determined  to  carry  out  this  idea  by  the  publication  of  a 
few  small  volumes,  each  devoted  to  a  particular  subject.  The  first, 
which  was  published  some  time  since,  is  devoted  to  Hist9ry  :  and  we 
trust  that  whether  the  reader  looks  at  the  value  of  the  original  docu- 
ments there  reprinted,  or  the  historical  truths  therein  established,  he 
will  be  disposed  to  address  the  book  in  the  words  of  Cowper,  so  happily 
suggested  by  Mr.  Peter  Cunningham  as  the  appropriate  motto  of 
NOTES  AND  QUERIES  itself, - 

"  By  thee  I  mizht  correct,  erroneous  oft, 
The  clock  of  History  —  facts  and  events 
Timing  more  punctual,  unrecorded  facts 
Recovering,  and  mis-stated  setting  right." 

While  on  the  other  hand  the  volume,  from  its  miscellaneous  character, 
has,  we  hope,  been  found  an  acceptable  addition  to  that  pleasant  class 
of  books  which  Horace  Walpole  felicitously  describes  as  "  lounging 
books,  books  which  one  takes  up  in  the  gout,  low  spirits,  ennui,  or 
•when  one  is  waiting  for  company." 


Now  ready,  neatly  printed,  in  Foolscap  8vo.,  price  5s., 

CHOICE    NOTES 

NOTES      AND      QUERIES. 


HISTORY. 

"It  is  full  of  curious  matter,  pleasant  to  read, and  well  worthy  of 
preservation  in  permanent  shape."  —  Leader. 

London  :  BELL  &  DALDY,  186.  Fleet  Street. 


THE     ATHEN^UM. 


XHE  attention  of  the  Proprietors  has  been  directed 
to  the  inconvenience  caused  by  the  increasing  bulk  of  the  yearly 
nmes.    It  has  been  represented  to  them  that  when  the  ATHE- 
N^EUM  started  in  itsc»reer  its  yearly  volume  consisted  of  840  papes, 
whilst  now  it  has  increased  to  double  that  number.    Tin1  Proprietors 
have  therefore  resolved  that  the  ATHENAEUM    shall  in  future  be 
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volume  in  January  and  July. 

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with  Abstracts  of  Papers  of  Interest. 

Authentic  Accounts  of  Scientific  Voyages  and  Ex- 
peditions. 

Foreign  Correspondence  on  Subjects  relating  to 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

A  MEDIUM  OF   INTER-COMMUNICATION 

FOB 

LITERARY   MEN,   ARTISTS,   ANTIQUARIES,   GENEALOGISTS,  ETC. 

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No.  228.] 


SATURDAY,  MAY  12.  1860. 


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Just  published,  in  12mo.  price  7s.  6d.  cloth, 

LIFE  OF  THE  RIGHT  REV.  MONSIGNOR 
WEED  ALL,  D.D.,  Domestic  Prelate  of  his  Holiness 
Pope  Pius  IX.,  Vicar-General  of  the  Diocese,  and  Provost 
of  the  Cathedral  Chapter  of  Birmingham,  and  President 
of  St.  Mary's  College,  Oscott :  including  the  Early  His- 
tory  of  Oscott  College.  By  F.  C.  HUSENBETH,  D.D.,  V.G., 
Provost  of  Northampton. 

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NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


357 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  MAY  12.  I860. 


NO.  228. —CONTENTS. 

NOTES'— The  Editio  Princeps    of  Hernias,   &c.:   Liber 

"  Trium  Virorum  et  Trium  Spiritualium  Virginum,  357  — 
Transposition,  358  —  Tombstones,  Epitaphs,  &c.,  Ib,  — 
Story  of  a  Mermaid,  360  —  Ur  Chasdim  and  Fire  Worship, 
301. 

MINOR  NOTES  :  —  Errors  in  Modern  Books  on  the  Peerage— 
The  late  Duke  of  Wellington— Greek  Vases  and  Lamps, 
362. 

QUERIES :  —  Lappets  —  Sir  Jonas  Moore  —  Discoloured 
Coins  —  Wm.  Mason  —  Clifton  of  Leighton  Bromswold: 
Extinct  Barony  —  Quist  —  Excommunication  —"Scrip- 
ture Religion  "  —  Books  for  Middle  Class  Examinations  — 
—Knights  created  by  the  Pretender—  Diversity  of  Plan  in 
the  Monasteries  of  the  different  Orders  —  "  Poor  Belle  "  — 
"  Three  Hundred  Letters "  —  Wordsworth  Travestie  — 
"  Sudgedluit,"  its  Etymology  — Sir  John  Bowring  —  Earl 
of  Galway,  863. 

QUEEIES  WIT ii  ANSWERS  :  —  "  Saltfoot  Controversy"  — 
TJrsinus  —  Assumption  of  Titles  — Old  Etchings  — J.  F. 
Bryant— Crypt  under  Gerrard's  Hall  — Hell  Fire  Club—- 
Cox's  Mechanism,  365. 

REPLIES:  —Alleged  Interpolations  in  the  "Te  Deum," 
367  —  Maloniana,  368  —  Cimex  Lectularius  :  Bugs :  Bug, 
369  —  Flanibard  Brass  at  Harrow,  370  —  Internal  Arrange- 
ment of  Churches,  Ib.  —  Dr.  Thomas  Comber.  371  — He- 
raldic Engraving,  Ib.  —  Mille  jugera  — Hale  the  Piper  — 
Black-Guai-d  —  Edgar  Family  —  Hymns  —  Drisheens  — 
The  Sinews  of  War  and  the  Rev.  Mr.  Struther  —  Mr. 
Lyde  Brown  —  My  Eye  Betty  Martin — Chalking  the  Doors 
—  "  E  pistol®  Obscurorum  Virorum  "  —  "  Jack  "  —  Epitaph 
in  Memory  of  a  Spaniard,  372. , 

Notes  on  Books. 


THE    EDITIO    PRINCEPS   OF    HERMAS,    ETC.: 
•   LIBER    TRIUM  VIRORUM    ET   TRIUM  SPIRI- 
TUALIUM VIRGINUM. 

This  curious  volume  was  printed  by  Henry 
Stephen  at  Paris  in  1513,  and  has,  I  believe,  never 
been  fully  described.  It  contains  twelve  leaves 
of  preliminary  matter,  and  190  of  text.  The  size 
is  small  folio.  The  title-page  exhibits  six  pic- 
torial representations  of  the  authors,  whose  works 
are  included  in  the  volume,  viz.  Hernias,  Ugue- 
tinus,  F.  Robertus,  Hildegardis,  Elizabeth,  and 
Mechtildis.  The  work  is  wholly  in  Latin,  and 
is.  remarkable  on  several  accounts.  It  contains 
the  first  edition  of  the  Latin  version  of  the  Shep- 
herd of  Hermas.  Dibdin  says  Fabricius  names 
it,  "  but  no  such  work  appears  in  the  Life,  or 
in  the  list  of  that  printer's  (II.  Stephen's)  work, 
by  Maittaire,  and  Panzer  has  not  recorded  the 
volume."  He  adds  in  a  note  that  Ittigius  men- 
tions this  edition.  The  work  is  therefore  doubt- 
less one  of  some  rarity,  and  it  may  be  as  well  to 
record  its  positive  existence,  and  to  hazard  a 
conjecture  as  to  the  cause  of  its  almost  complete 
disappearance. 

The  dedication  is  by  Jacob  Faber,  who  I  take 
to  be  the  well-known  Jacobus  Faber  Stapulensis, 
or  Jacques  le  Fevre,  equally  famous  for  his  learn- 
ing, and  the  troubles  brought  upon  him  by  his 


suspected  heresies.  We  may  fairly  ascribe  to 
him  the  editorship  of  the  book,  The  text  of 
Hermas  is  valuable,  as  exhibiting  numerous  read- 
ings which  differ  from  such  modern  editions  as 
I  have  access  to.  Hermas  is  followed  by  a  brief 
Vision  by  Uguetinus,  who  is  described  as  a  monk 
of  Metz,  the  object  being  the  condemnation  of 
unnatural  sins.  Of  this  writer  I  can  obtain  no 
farther  information.  Very  scanty  also  are  the 
details  which  I  can  obtain  respecting  the  third 
author  in  the  book,  Robert,  a  monk  of  the  Domi- 
nican order,  who  lived  at  the  end  of  the  thirteenth 
century,  and  must  not  be  confounded  with  ano- 
ther famous  Robert,  who,  at  a  later  date,  was  so 
fearless  and  powerful  a  preacher,  and  known  as 
Robert  Carraccioli  or  de  Licio  (flor,  1480).  Our 
Robert  deals  in  visions  and  prophecies,  denouncing 
the  vices  and  crimes  of  the  popes  and  clergy,  and 
threatening  them  with  the  vengeance  of  heaven. 
None  of  the  reformers  exceeded  the  violence  of 
language  employed  by  Friar  Robert  in  1291,  and 
none  of  them  claimed  to  speak  as  he  did  by  direct 
inspiration.  His  book  consists  of  two  parts,  —  a 
Book  of  discourses  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  and 
a  Book  of  visions  which  the  Lord  gave  his  ser- 
vant to  see.  Popes,  prelates,  princes,  and  peo- 
ples fall  alike  under  his  chastisement.  The  fourth 
author  is  St.  Hildegard,  who  belongs  to  the 
twelfth  century,  and  whose  renown  during  her 
lifetime  was  so  great  as  to  win  her  the  favour  of 
several  popes  in  succession.  The  book  here 
printed  is  a  long  series  of  visions  under  the  title 
of  Scivias,  and  contains  very  much  to  wonder 
at,  whether  considered  as  a  divine  revelation 
or  a  woman's  composition.  At  the  Council  of 
Treves,  in  1148,  Bernard  of  Clairvaux  endorsed 
her  claims  to  inspiration,  and  Pope  Eugenius  ILL 
authorised  and  encouraged  her  by  a  special  epistle 
to  utter  and  to  write  whatever  the  Holy  Ghost  re- 
vealed to  her.  The  fifth  author  is  Elizabeth,  who 
also  flourished  in  the  diocese  of  Treves  about  1152 . 
Here  are  five  books,  four  of  which  are  chiefly 
visions,  and  the  fifth  letters ;  a  sixth  is  added  by 
her  brother  Egbert.  The  perusal  of  this  work 
would  be  a  rare  treat  for  those  who  are  curious  in 
such  matters,  as  it  is  a  marvellous  specimen  of 
mental  hallucination  and  credulity.  Neverthe* 
less  she  boldly  condemns  the  vices  of  the  times, 
both  in  men  and  women ;  towards  the  latter  she 
is  very  severe,  especially  for  tight  lacing  (siric- 
tura  vestimenti),  and  for  arrogantia  crinalis  operi- 
menti.  Whether  this  latter  means  crinoline  or 
something  very  different  can  hardly  be  proved  by 
the  words.  Our  sixth  author  is  Mechtildis,  who 
is  supposed  to  have  died  about  A^D.  1290.  ^  The 
only  work  ascribed  to  her  is  that*  here  printed, 
"  Revelations,  or  Spiritual  Grace,"  a  conglomera- 
tion of  all  sorts  of  fancies,  which  it  is  needless  to 
enumerate. 

Such  is  the  volume  before  ine,  the  rarity  of 


358 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


IX.  MAY  12.  '60. 


which,  I  suppose,  is  not  owing  to  the  change  of 
popular  tastes,  inasmuch  as  there  always  has  been 
a  great  love  of  the  marvellous  among  clergy  as 
well  as  laity  ;  and  some  of  the  contents  of  this 
work  have  been  often  printed.  The  true  reason 
why  this  edition  has  been,  as  it  appears  to  me, 
suppressed,  is  the  presence  in  it  of  Friar  Robert's 
animadversions.  This  is  the  fly  in  the  ointment 
which  would  ensure  dislike.  I  know  not  whether 
the  book  appears  in  any  of  the  Indexes  Expurga- 
torii  and  Prohibitorum.  But  this  would  not  be 
requisite  to  secure  it  opposition  and  distrust ;  it 
carries  with  it  its  own  condemnation.  The  out- 
break of  the  Reformation  would  render  such  a 
production  doubly  dangerous,  and  no  doubt 
every  endeavour  would  be  put  forth  to  repress  it. 
To  this  circumstance  we  owe  the  almost  complete 
extinction  of  the  first  edition  of  the  Latin  version 
ofHermas —  a  work  of  undoubted  antiquity,  what- 
ever value  may  be  put  upon  it  by  a  rigidly  scien- 
tific criticism.  B.  H.  C. 


TRANSPOSITION. 

It  is,  I  think,  a  most  just  remark  of  Mr.  Bran- 
dreth,  in  his  curious  edition  of  the  Iliad,  that  no 
liberty  is  so  lawful  to  an  editor  as  that  of  trans- 
position. He  has  himself  used  it,  sometimes  to 
the  great  improvement  of  the  text ;  and  I  met 
with,  not  long  since,  but  unluckily  neglected  to 
note  it,  a  line  in  one  of  the  chorusses  of  JEs- 
chylus  where  a  simple  transposition  restores  the 
metre,  and  yet  no  one  of  the  editors  seems  to 
have  observed  it.  It  is,  in  fact,  one  of  the  very 
last  remedies  that  an  editor  thinks  of  having  re- 
course to. 

As  our  great  poet  is  Shakspeare,  and  as  his  text 
is  in  the  worst  condition  of  almost  any  of  our  old 
poets,  all  the  appliances  of  criticism  should  be 
used  to  educe  his  true  meaning  and  to  restore  the 
harmony  of  his  verse.  I  will,  therefore,  give  a 
couple  of  instances  of  the  use  that  may  be  made 
of  transposition  for  this  purpose. 

To  begin  with  the  metre.  Can  anything  be 
more  inharmonious  than 

"  Well-  fitted  in  arts,  glorious  in  arms." 

Love's  Labour's  Lost,  Act  II.  Sc.  1. 
But  transpose 

"  In  arts  well-fitted,  glorious  in  arms, 
and  what  is  more  harmonious  ? 
Again,  a  la  Steevens :  — 

"  If  the  first  that  did  th'  edict  infringe." 

Measure  for  Measure,  Act  II.  Sc.  2. 
is  mere  prose ;  but  transpose,  and  see  the  effect ! 

"  If  the  first  that  the  edict  did  infringe." 
I  could  give  many  more,  but  let  these  suffice. 
Then  for  the  sense.     Is  not  the  following  pure 
nonsense  ? 

.        .        .        .        Waving  thy  head, 
Which  often,  thus,  correcting  thy  stout  heart, 


Now  humble  as  the  ripest  mulberry, 
That  will  not  hold  the  handling :  or  say  to  them." 
Coriolanus,  Act  III.  Sc.  2. 

Now  read  the  second  line  thus : 
"  Often  thus ;  which  correcting  thy  stout  heart," 
and  omit  the  or  in  the  last  line,  and  see  if  the 
passage  does  not  acquire  sense— for  the  first  time 
in  its  life.     The  or  was,  as  is  so  frequently  the 
case,  put  in  by  the  printer  to  try  to  remedy  the 
confusion  he  had  introduced. 
Again : 

"  And  yet  the  spacious  breadth  of  this  division 
Admits  no  orifice  for  a  point,  as  subtle 
As  Ariachne's  broken  woof,  to  enter." 

Troilus  and  Cress.,  Act  V.  Sc.  2. 
A  point  as   subtle    as   a  broken  woof!    and 
Ariachne  written  by  one  so  well  read  in  Golding's 
Ovid! 
Let  us  apply  the  talisman  of  transposition : 

"  And  yet  the  spacious  breadth  of  this  division, 
As  subtle  as  Arachne's  broken  woof, 
Admits  no  orifice  for  a  point  to  enter." 

Subtle  is  the  Latin  subtilis,  "fine-spun;"  and 
he  says  "  broken  woof"  probably  because  Minerva 
tore  Arachne's  web  to  pieces.  The  printer  intro- 
duced Ariachne  to  complete  the  metre. 

KEIGHTLEr. 


TOMBSTONES,  EPITAPHS,  ETC. 

Tombstones  in  their  varied  forms  have  recently 
undergone  a  searching  investigation  into  their 
history,  formation,  and  materials.  But  of  the 
one  very  common  alike  in  England,  France,  and 
Belgium,  made  rectangular  on  one  side  and 
aslant  on  the  other,  reducing  the  width  at  the 
foot  about  five  or  six  inches  less  than  at  the 
head,  very  few  remarks  have  been  made,  and 
probably  no  attempt  to  explain  the  significant 
distinction.  They  are  rarely,  if  ever,  inscribed  or 
indented  with  crosses  or  inlaid  with  brasses ;  the 
surface  is  always  flat,  but  the  sides  are  occasion- 
ally moulded  with  projections  and  cavities.  It 
is  most  desirable  to  ascertain  whether  the  inclined 
line  is  always  on  the  left,  or,  in  military  language, 
on  the  sword  side,  or  if  pastoral,  what  is  thereby 
signified. 

Boutell,  the  most  searching  of  the  recent  au- 
thors upon  the  subject,  at  p.  9.  of  his  Christian 
Monuments,  says:  "But  in  some  examples  the  ta- 
pering form  is  found  to  have  been  produced  by  a 
slope  on  one  side  only,  the  other  being  worked  at 
right  angles  at  both  ends  of  the  coffin."  To  this 
suggestion  the  following  foot-note  is  appended  : 
"  These  were  evidently  designed  to  be  placed  in 
immediate  connexion  with  one  of  the  walls  of  the 
church." 

It  is  scarcely  possible  to  conceive  one  of  the 
leading  principles  of  Egyptian  architecture  would 
have  been  intruded  upon  the  Gothic  style,  and  for 


2«a  S.  IX.  MAY  12.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


359 


a  purpose  so  thoroughly  insignificant,  without  some 
hitherto  unexplained  bearing,  and  that  the  com- 
mon deformity  should  have  spread  over  so  fair  a 
portion  of  Europe.  That  they  were  destined  to 
cover  the  remains  of  priests  not  in  full  orders,  is 
a  problem  that  has  been  proposed,  but  on  what 
authority  is  not  stated. 

The  only  variety  known  to  exist  is  in  the  size : 
one  in  the  very  beautiful  porch  to  Beccles  church, 
and  another  in  the  church  of  Burgh  St.  Peter  in 
Norfolk,  are  reduced  to  the  usual  proportions  of 
tombstones  over  children  to  those  over  adults. 
It  only  remains  to  be  added  they  are  most  gene- 
rally found  at  the  different  entrance  doors  of 
churches.  H.  D'AVENEY. 

ELING,  NEAR  SOUTHAMPTON.  —  The  following 
epitaph  appears  on  a  monument  in  the  parish 
church  of  Eling,  near  Southampton.  It  may  re- 
commend itself  to  some  by  its  elegant  Latinity,  to 
some  by  the  tenderness  of  its  sentiment,  and  to 
others  by  its  being  (perhaps)  the  composition  of 
Dr.  Warton,  once  the  eminent  head-master  of 
Winchester  College.  Query,  did  he  write  it  ? 

"  M.  S. 
Susannas  Serle,  ob1 15  die  Novembris 

^Etat.  30,  A.D.  1753. 
Conjux  chara  vale  tibi  Maritus 
Hoc  pono  metnori  manu  Sepulchrum : 
At  quales  lachrymas  Tibi  rependam, 
Dum  tristi  recolo  Susanna  mente, 
Quam  fido  fueras  amore  Conjux ; 
Quam  constans,  Animo  neque  impotente, 
Tardam  sustuleras  manere  mortem, 
Me  spectans  placidis  supremum  Ocellis ! 
Quod  si  pro  Meritis  vel  ipse  flerem, 
Quo  fletu  tua  te  relicta  Proles, 
Mature  nimis  ah  relicta  Proles, 
Proles  parvula,  rite  te  sequetur 
Custodem,  Sociam,  Ducem,  Parentem ! 
Sed  quorsum  lachrymae?  valeto  raraj 
Exemplum  pietatis,  0  Susanna." 

J.  O.  B. 
Loughborough. 

PHILPOTS.  —  Being  in  Belbroughton  church- 
yard, Worcestershire,  the  other  day,  I  transcribed 
the  following  lines  from  a  tombstone  to  the  me- 
mory of  Richard  Philpots,  of  the  Bell  Inn,  Bell 
End,  who  died  in  1766  :  — 

"  To  tell  a  merry  or  a  wonderous  tale 

Over  a  chearful  glass  of  nappy  Ale, 
In  harmless  mirth  was  his  supreme  delight, 
To  please  his  Guests  or  Friends  by  Day  or  Night ; 
But  no  fine  tale,  how  well  soever  told, 

Could  make  the  tyrant  Death  his  stroak  withold ; 
That  fatal  Stroak  has  laid  him  here  in  Dust, 

To  rise  again  once  more  with  Joy  we  trust." 
On  the  upper  portion  of  this  Christian  monu- 
ment are  carved,  in  full  relief,  a  punch-bowl,  a 
flagon,  and  a  bottle,  emblems  of  the  deceased's  faith 
(I  presume)  and  of  those  pots  which  Mr.  Philpots 
delighted  to  fill. 

Near  to  this  is  a  fine  tombstone  to  the  me- 
mory of  Paradise  Buckler  (who  died  in  1815),  the 


daughter  of  a  gipsy  king.  The  pomp  that  at- 
tended her  funeral  is  well  remembered  by  many 
of  the  inhabitants.  I  have  heard  one  of  my  rela- 
tives say  that  the  gipsies-  borrowed  from  her  a 
dozen  of  the  finest  damask  napkins  (for  the  coffin 
handles)  —  none  but  those  of  the  very  best  quality 
being  accepted  for  the  purpose  —  and  that  they 
were  duly  returned,  beautifully  "  got  up  "  and 
scented.  The  king  and  his  family  were  encamped 
in  a  lane  near  to  my  relative's  house,  and  his 
daughter  (a  young  girl  of  fifteen)  died  in  the 
camp.  CUTHBERT  BEDB. 

ROGERSON.  —  The  following  is  a  copy  of  the 
inscription  on  a  mural  monument  in  the  chancel 
of  Denton  church,  co.  Norfolk  :  — 

M.S. 
ROBERTUS  ROGERSON,  A.M. 

Nat.  xviii.  Cal.  Jul.  1627. 
Hujus  Ecclesiae  Curam,  A.D.  1660, 

Suscepit, 
Quam  plus  Annos  LIV. 

Sustinuit, 
Nee  nisi  cum  vita,  Senex 

Deposuit. 

Dextramque  [sic]  versus  hujus  ad  muri  Pedem 
Pulvis  Futurus  Pulveri  immistus  jacet. 

Ubi 

Longa  post  Divortia  rejungitur 
Barbara?  suae  Benevolentissimae, 
Gul.  Gooch  de  Metingham,  SufF.  Armig. 


His  etiam  et  parentibus  e  prole  sua  duodena 

Bis  quatuor  condormientes  accubant. 
Thomas  >  ,,.,.. 
Robertus  j  Flhl 
Anna          )  _,.,. 
Elizabethaj*llufi 

Soli  e  tot  suis  superstites 

H.M.P.P.P. 

Abi  Lector  et  resipisce. 

Can  anyone  construe  the  line,  "  Denatae  A°  Par- 
tus,"  &c.  ?  I  imagine  the  dates  there  given  to  be 
those  of  the  lady's  birth  and  death.  She  would 
thus  have  been  born  ten  years  after  her  husband, 
and  have  died  thirty  years  ("  longaDivortia")before 
him.  But  I  do  not  see  how  to  get  this  meaning  out 
of  the  words.  The  register  of  the  burials  in  the 
parish  for  the  latter  half  of  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury is  unfortunately  wanting.  I  subjoin  the 
arms  of  Rogerson  and  Gooch  as  they  appear  on  the 
monument  :  — 

Rogerson  :  Azure  a  fess  or  between  a  fleur-de- 
lis  in  chief,  and  a  mullet  in  base  of  the  same. 

Gooch  :  Per  pale  argent  and  sable,  a  chevron 
between  three  dogs  passant  counterchanged,  on  a 
chief  gules,  three  leopards'  heads  or. 

Crest  (of  Rogerson)  :  on  a  wreath  a  dexter 
hand  couped  at  the  wrist,  in  fess,  proper,  grasping 
a  fleur-de-lis  or.  SELRACH. 

CURIOUSLY  CONSTRUCTED  EPITAPH.—  The  con- 
struction of  the  following  epitaph  deviates  suf- 
ficiently from  the  ordinary  reading  of  such  com- 


360 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAY  12.  '60. 


positions  to  warrant  the  belief  that  it  will  be 
found  deserving  a  column  in  "  N.  &  Q." 

The  difficulties,  evidently  designed  to  perplex, 
are  not  easily  surmounted,  from  the  tabular  form 
being  adopted ;  and  the  solution  required  is  not 
to  be  obtained  without  more  application  than 
readers  in  general  are  willing  to  bestow  upon  such 
productions.  It  has  long  been  known  in  print  *, 
but  the  circulation  being  confined  chiefly  to  this 
locality,  a  more  general  diffusion  may  cause  a 
farther  and  more  satisfactory  explanation  than 
has  been  obtained  within  this  immediate  vicinity. 

To  whatever  merit  the  composer  may  aspire, 
his  claim  must  in  part  rest  upon  the  abbreviated 
construction,  and  of  which  he  tenders  to  the 
reader,  who  is  tacitly  challenged  to  fathom  the 
studied  difficulties,  a  fair  share,  for  making  that 
intelligible  which  he  has  wrapped  in  the  mazes  of 
obscurity :  — 

"  Here  lyeth  William  Tyler,  of  Qeyton,  Esq. ;  who 
died  the  13.  of  Sept.  1657,  in  the  53  year  of  his  age. 

"Est 

Hie  Tumulus 

fChari  Cineria  C Animi 

Index  \  Mortia  Non  \  Vitas  Historic 

(Viri  (Virtutis. 

Ilia 

)  Saxum  et 

J-  Pagina  Mar-  Ostendunt 

1     morea 


Hsec 

Gael  urn  et 
Liber  Vita?. 


Csetera  Piget  non  Dici 


Nam 
Vixit  Bene 


Kis 


lajor. 
Posuit  ejus  Uxor  Maria." 

HENRY  DAVENEY. 

BRASS  PLATE  INSCRIPTION. — About  three  years 
ago  I  sent  you  a  copy  of  the  following  inscription 
which  I  took  from  a  brass  plate  fixed  on  one  of 
the  pillars  in  "ye  Laye  chapell"  of  St.  Saviour's 
church,  Southwark,  but  I  fear  it  is  mislaid  :  — 

Svsanna  Barford  departed  this  life  the  20*h  of 

Avgvst,  1652,  Aged  10  Yeares  13  Weekes,  THE  Non- 

avch  of  the  World  for  piety  and  Vertve 

in  soe  tender  yeares. 

"  And  death  and  envye  both  must  say  twas  fitt 
Her  memory  should  thus  in  Brasse  Bee  Writt 
Here  lyes  interr'd  within  this  bed  of  dvst 
A  Virgin  pure  not  stain'd  by  carnall  Ivst 
Such  grace  the  King  of  Kings  bestowed  vpon  HER 
That  now  she  lives  with  him  a  Maid  of  HONOVR 
Her  Stage  WAS  short,  her  thread  WAS  quickly  spunn 
DRANNE  out,  and  cutt,  gott  Heaven,  her  worke  Avas 

done 

This  worlde  to  her  was  but  a  traged  play 
Shee  came,  and  saw't,  dislik't,  and  pass'd  away." 

I  give  it  verbatim  et  literatim  as  well  as  I  can. 
*  Blomefield's  Hist,  of  Norfolk :  Gey  ton. 


Between  the  inscription  and  the  verses  is  "  cutt " 
in  the  left  side  a  death's  head  and  cross-bones, 
and  on  the  right  a  cross  within  square  lines,  with 
wings  extended.  It  is  very  likely  placed  there 
for  preservation.  This  Barford  family  must  have 
been  of  some  note  in  the  parish  in  those  days. 

GEORGE  LLOYD. 

DR.  BROOKBANK'S  EPITAPH.  — Whether  the 
epitaph,  a  copy  of  which  I  here  send,  be  still  in 
existence,  I  know  not ;  but  it  once  had  its  place 
in  the  churchyard  of  St.  Edward  in  Cambridge. 
Cole,  among  his  manuscripts  in  the  British  Mu- 
seum, has  preserved  a  copy  of  it,  and  says  it  was 
written  by  Dr.  Bentley. 

"  Hie  sepeliri  voluit 

Johannes  Brookbank,  LL.Dr. 

Aulae  S.S.  .Trinitatis  Socius, 

Archidiaconi  Eliensis  Officialis, 

Dioceseos  Dunelmensis  Cancellarius. 

Humanitate,  Integritate,  Generositate  conspictuis. 

Natus  oppido  Liverpool,  denatus  Cantab. 

A.D.  MDCC.XXIV.    ^tatis  LXXIII. 

Per  totam  vitam  YAPOIIOTHC." 

H.E. 

MOLYNEUX.  —  Over  the  door  of  the  boiling 
house  of  the  sugar  estate  of  "  Molyneux  "  in  the 
Island  of  St.  Christopher  is  a  marble  slab,  on  which 
is  the  inscription  — 

"  Quid  censes  munera  Terra?," 

which  I  suppose  intended  to  mean  "  At  what  do 
you  reckon  the  crop  ?"  ETA  B. 


A  STORY  OF  A  MERMAID. 

The  following  curious  story  is  related  in  a 
lively  and  agreeable  work  entitled  A  Tour  to 
Milford  Haven  in  the  Year  1791,  written  in  a 
series  of  letters  by  a  lady  of  the  name  of  Morgan, 
and  published  in  London  by  John  Stockdale  in 
the  year  1795.  Mrs.  Morgan  appears  to  have 
been  a  lady  of  an  elegant  and  cultivated  mind,  and 
to  have  mingled  with  the  best  society  of  Pem- 
brokeshire during  her  sojourn  in  what  was  then 
almost  a  terra  incognita  to  an  Englishwoman.  In 
her  forty-third  letter,  addressed  to  a  lady,  and  dated 
Haverfordwest,  Sept.  22,  Mrs.  Morgan  says :  — 

"If  you  delight  in  the  marvellous,  I  shall  now  present 
you  with  a  tale  that  is  truly  so ;  and  yet,  from  the  sim- 
ple and  circumstantial  manner  in  which  it  was  told  by 
the  person  who  believed  he  saw  what  is  here  related, 
one  would  almost  be  tempted  to  think  there  was  some- 
thing more  than  imagination  in  it.  However,  I  will 
make  no  comments  upon  the  matter,  but  give  it  you 
exactly  as  I  copied  it  from  a  paper  lent  me  by  a  young 
lad}' who  was  educated  under  the  celebrated  Mrs.  Moore*, 
and  who  has  acquired  a  taste  for  productions  of  the  pen, 
and  likewise  for  whatever  may  be  deemed  curious.  Mrs. 

M inquired  of  the  gentleman  who  took  down  the 

relation  from  the  man's  own  mouth,  a  physician  of  the 
first  respectability,  what  credit  might  be  given  to  it. 


*  Hannah  More?  —  J.  P.  P. 


2«"»  s.  IX.  MAY  12.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


361 


He  ^aid  the  man  was  of  that  integrity  of  character,  and 
of  such  simplicity  also,  that  it  seemed  difficult  to  be- 
lieve  he  should  he  either  able  or  willing  to  fabricate  this 
wonderful  tale.  Farther  the  doctor  was  silent,  and  so 
am  I. 

"  Henry  Reynolds,  of  Pennyhold,  in  the  parish  of  Cas- 
tlemartin  in  the  county  of  Pembroke,  a  simple  farmer, 
and  esteemed  by  all  who  knew  him  to  be  a  truth-telling 
man,  declares  the  following  most  extraordinary  story  to 
be  an  absolute  fact,  and  is  willing,  in  order  to  satisfy 
such  as  will  not  take  his  bare  word  for  it,  to  swear  to  the 
truth  of  the  same.  He  says  he  went  one  morning  to  the 
cliffs  that  bound  his  own  lands,  and  form  a  bay  near 
Linny  Stack.  From  the  eastern  end  of  the  same  he 
saw,  as  he  thought,  a  person  bathing  very  near  the 
western  end,  but  appearing,  from  almost  the  middle  up, 
above  water.  He,  knowing  the  water  to  be  deep  in  that 
place,  was  much  surprized  at  it,  and  went  along  the 
cliffs,  quite  to  the  western  end,  to  see  what  it  was.  As  he 
got  towards  it,  it  appeared  to  him  like  a  person  sitting  in 
a  tub.  At  last  he  got  within  ten  or  twelve  yards  of  it, 
and  found  it  then  to  be  a  creature  much  resembling  a 
youth  of  sixteen  or  eighteen  years  of  age,  with  a  very 
white  skin,  sitting  in  an  erect  posture,  having,  from  some- 
what about  the  middle,  its  body  quite  above  the  water ; 
and  directly  under  the  water  there  was  a  large  brown 
substance,  on  which  it  seemed  to  float.  The  wind  being 
perfectly  calm,  and  the  water  quite  clear,  he  could  see 
distinctly,  when  the  creature  moved,  that  this  substance 
was  part  of  it.  From  the  bottom  there  went  down  a  tail 
much  resembling  that  of  a  large  Conger  Eel.  Its  tail  in 
deep  water  was  straight  downwards,  but  in  shallow 
•water  it  would  turn  it  on  one  side.  The  tail  was  contin- 
ually moving  in  a  circular  manner.  The  form  of  its  body 
and  arms  was  entirely  human,  but  its  arms  and  hands 
seemed  rather  thick  and  short  in  proportion  to  its  body. 
The  form  of  the  head,  and  all  the  features  of  the  face, 
were  human  also ;  but  the  nose  rose  high  between  its 
eyes,  was  pretty  long,  and  seemed  to  terminate  very 
sharp.  Its  head  was  white  like  its  body,  without  hair ; 
but  from  its  forehead  there  arose  a  brownish  substanee,  of 
three  or  four  fingers'  breadth,  which  turned  up  over  its 
head,  and  went  down  over  its  back,  and  reached  quite  into 
the  water.  This  substance  did  not  at  all  resemble  hair, 
but  was  thin,  compact,  and  flat,  not  much  unlike  a  rib- 
bon. It  did  not  adhere  to  the  back  part  of  its  head,  or 
neck,  or  back ;  for  the  creature  lifted  it  up  from  its  neck, 
and  washed  under  it.  It  washed  frequently  under  its 
arms  and  about  its  body ;  it  swam  about  the  bay,  and 
particularly  round  a  little  rock  which  Reynolds  was  within 
ten  or  twelve  yards  of.  He  staid  about  an  hour  looking  at 
it.  It  was  so  near  him,  that  he  could  perceive  its  motion 
through  the  water  was  very  rapid ;  and  that,  when  it 
turned,  it  put  one  hand  into'the  water,  and  moved  itself 
round  very  quickly.  It  never  dipped  under  the  water  all 
the  time  he  was  looking  at  it.  It  looked  attentively 
at  him  and  the  cliffs,  and  seemed  to  take  great  notice 
of  the  birds  flying  over  its  head.  Its  looks  were  wild 
and  fierce ;  but  it  made  no  noise,  nor  did  it  grin,  or  in 
any  way  distort  its  face.  When  he  left  it,  it  was  about 
an  hundred  yards  from  him ;  and  when  he  returned  with 
some  others  to  look  at  it,  it  was  gone.  This  account  was 

taken  down  by  Doctor  George  P- of  Prickerston, 

from  the  man's  own  mouth,  in  presence  of  many  people, 
about  the  latter  end  of  December,  1782." 

The  physician  who  took  down  the  foregoing 
statement  from  the  mouth  of  the  eyewitness,  was 
George  Phillips,  M.D.  of  Haverfordwest,  a  gen- 
tleman of  high  social  position. 

JOHN  PAVIN  PHILLIPS. 


UR  CHASDIM  AND  FIRE  WORSHIP. 

Jewish  tradition  asserts  as  a  matter  of  fact  that 
Abraham,  upon  the  command  of  Nimrod,  was 
thrown  into  a  burning  fiery  furnace,  without 
being  injured  by  the  flames.  Traces  of  this  le- 
gend are  found  in  many  of  the  Targums  and  Mi- 
drashim,  the  only  point  of  difference  among  them 
being,  whether  this  deliverance  was  wrought  di- 
rectly by  God  or  an  angel ;  and,  if  by  an  angel, 
whether  by  Michael  or  Gabriel  ? 

Jerome  (qucest.  in  Gen.  xi.  28.)  is  acquainted 
with  this  legend,  and  even  adds  another  tradition 
not  known  in  the  Midrashim,  in  which  the  age  of 
Abraham  at  his  departure  from  Haran  is  not  to 
be  reckoned  from  his  birth,  but  from  his  deliver- 
ance out  of  the  fiery  furnace,  considering  him 
then  as  it  were  born  again.  Augustin  also  (De 
Civit.  Dei,  i.  16.  c.  15.)  mentions  this  tradition  ; 
and  the  Syrian  Christians  appointed  a  day  for  the 
memorial  of  Abraham's  deliverance  out  of  the 
furnace,  The  Koran  (sect.  xxi.  xxix.  xxxvii.) 
and  several  other  Arabic  historical  and  legen- 
dary books  have  this  tradition,  and  some  Karaite 
writers  even,  though  generally  contradicting  Rab- 
binical traditions  and  tales,  have  accepted  it. 

Concerning  the  origin  of  this  legend  it  is  im- 
possible to  speak  authoritatively ;  we  throw  out 
one  or  two  suggestions,  and  shall  be  glad  to  find 
others  throw  more  light  upon  the  subject. 

1 .  It  is  not  improbable  that  the  legend  origin- 
ated in  the  literal  translation  of  Gen.  xv.  7.,  "  I 
am  the  Lord  that  brought  thee  out  of  Ur  ("lltf, 
fire)   of  Chasdim."     The  Mishna   (Abot,  v.  3.) 
enumerates  ten  temptations  Abraham  was   ex- 
posed to,  without  mentioning  them  separately; 
and  its  expositor  R.  Nathan  mentions  among  the 
ten  temptations  that  of  Ur  Chasdim,  but  does  not 
say  anything  more  in  explanation  of  it.     R.  Eli- 
ezer  is  the  first  who  refers  the  second  temptation 
to  Abraham,  ;representing  him  to  have  been  im- 
prisoned for  ten  years,  then  thrown  into  the  fiery 
furnace,  and  at  last  delivered  by  the  King  of 
Glory   (God),   with  which   explanation  a  great 
number  of  Jewish  rabbis  in  the  eleventh  and 
twelfth  centuries  agree. 

2.  The  geographical  situation  of  Ur  Chasdim  is 
not  as  yet  ascertained  :  the  LXX.  and  Josephus 
are  at  variance  on  this  point,  nor  have  the  latest 
investigations  led  to  a  more  positive  result ;   and 
there  is  perhaps  some  plausibility  in  considering 
it  to  be  a  plain  or  province  dedicated  to  fire  and 
idol- worship.  Now  the  plain  in  Dan.  iii.  1.,  where 
upon  Nebuchadnezzar's  command  the  monument 
was  erected,  and  where  the  three  young  men  were 
thrown  into  the  fiery  furnace  and  miraculously 
delivered,  was  called  Jon  J1JJp3«    Concerning  the 
situation  of  this  plain  also  there  are  doubts ;  while 
some  seek  it  near  Susiana,  others  think  of  horno- 
nymous   cities   westward   of   the   Tigris   and  in 
Mesopotamia,  but  more  likely  it  is  the  plain  near 


362 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  MAY  12.  '60. 


Babylon,  called  in  Gen.  xi.  12.  njjp3,  with  which 
also  the  Talmud  (Sanhedrin,  92.  a)  agrees.  In  a 
Greek  translation  at  St.  Mark's  library,  Venice, 
NTH  nyp3  is  rendered  ev  ir&lo>  irp^ws  (in  the 
plain  of  combustion),  like  "fl*l  in  Ezek.  xxiv.  5., 
and  mnO,  frequently  mentioned  in  the  Talmud. 
If  we  accept  the  etymology  of  "in  as  contracted 
from  the  Aram.  fcniK  IH  (of  the  fire),  and  take 
into  consideration  the  narrative  of  the  three  men 
in  Daniel  who  were  thrown  into  the  fire  and  deli- 
vered, we  may  be  led  to  infer  the  same  of  Abra- 
ham, and  to  find  an  analogy  in  T)N  ;  the  more  so 
as  the  belief  might  have  spread,  that  the  name  of 
NTH  nyp2  originated  from  the  custom  to  deliver 
over  to  the  flames  those  that  were  opposed  to  idol- 
worship. 

3.  One  more  hypothesis  concerning  TiX  and  the 
origin  of  the  legend  connected  with  it  may  be  ad- 
vanced. Jewish  interpreters  already  waver  in 
the  explanation  of  TlS,  some  translate  it  by  plain, 
light,  mountain.  Others  combine  the  two  last  sig- 
nifications into  mountain  of  light  or  fire,  referring 
to  Is.  xxiv.  15.  Now  there  existed  among  the 
Indians,  Chaldeans,  and  Parsees,  whose  mythical 
ideas  and  religious  systems  were  more  or  less  akin 
to  each  other,  a  mountain  of  the  gods,  which  was 
considered  as  the  basis  and  principal  seat  of  their 
worship,  and  on  which  to  throne.  Is.  xiv.  13. 
represents  the  haughty  Nebuchadnezzar.  The 
Hindoos  called  that  mountain,  which  was  sur- 
rounded by  other  smaller  mountains  dedicated  to 
the  gods,  Meru,  the  Persians  Albordst  or  Tireh, 
and  deemed  it  to  be  the  residence  of  Ormuzd,  the 
God  of  Light.  If  we  look  for  the  physical  origin 
of  the  light  and  fire  worship  to  the  mountains  of 
Medea,  full  of  naphtha  pits,  the  resin  of  which 
kindles  so  easily  and  blazes  up  into  bright  flames, 
and  take  into  consideration  the  affinities  of  T)K 
(Ar.  Tinx,  north  ;  "in,  mountain ;  TIN,  light ;  also 
cavern  and  pit,  Is.  xi.  8.),  we  are  not  far  from  the 
source  and  origin  of  the  fire-worship.  The  pas- 
sage in  Is.  xxiv.  15.,  DHIJO,  &c.,  stands  therefore 
in  antithesis  to  D^H  NfcQ,  and  may  be  interpreted, 
that  as  the  worship  of  the  true  God  had  pene- 
trated the  Western  Isles,  so  also  would  the 
mountains  and  clefts  in  the  north-east,  where 
the  fire-worship  (DHIK)  to  which  Nimrod  was 
addicted  had  its  principal  seat,  not  be  left  un- 
affected. So  that  the  fact  that  Abraham  had 
wrested  himself  from  this  idolatry  (the  fire-wor- 
ship) and  attained  a  knowledge  of  the  true  God) 
embodied  itself  in  the  legend  of  a  material  deli- 
verance from  fire.  JULIUS  KESSLEB. 

J87.  Lee  Bank,  Birmingham. 


ERRORS  IN  MODERN  BOOKS  ON  THE  PEERAGE. — 
Fitzwalter.  The  first  Earl  of  Fitzwalter  (cr.  1730) 


is  called  Henry  Mildmay  in  Burke's  Ext.  and 
Dorm.  Peerage,  ed.  1831.  His  lordship's  name 
was  "  Benjamin."  (Nicolas  and  Courthope's  Hist. 
Peerage,  p.  200.) 

Mariborough.  Charles,  second  Duke  of  Marl- 
borough,  was  nominated,  in  1758,  Commander  of 
the  Land  Forces  in  an  expedition  against  the  French 
colonies.  (Burke's  Peerage  and  Baronetage,  1841, 
p.  668.)  It  was  against  the  coasts  of  France,  and 
not  against  her  colonies,  that  the  expedition  was 
directed. 

Vaughan.  Under  the  title  "  Lisburne "  in  the 
last-mentioned  work  (p.  623.)  the  Hon.  John 
Vaughan  is  represented  as  having  been  colonel  of 
the  4th  regiment  of  foot.  It  ought  to  read  "  46th 
regiment." 

Colmlle.  David  Lord  Colville  served  in  the  5 1st 
regiment  from  1755  to  1782  (see  Army  Lists), 
and  was  on  Gen.  Gage's  staff  in  New  York  in 
1766  ;  yet  there  is  no  mention  of  him  in  those  edi- 
tions of  Burke  or  Debrett  that  I  have  seen. 

E.  B.  O'CALLAGHAN. 

Albany,  New  York. 

THE  LATE  DUKE  OF  WELLINGTON. — I  send  an- 
other address  to,  and  reply  from,  Sir  Arthur 
Wellesley,  which  I  am  induced  to  do,  knowing 
the  exertions  which  the  present  Duke  of  Welling- 
ton has  been  making  to  collect  every  waif  and 
stray  of  his  distinguished  father's  writings  :  — 

"SIR, 

"  We  the  Citizens  of  Limerick,  feeling  in  common  with 
all  his  Majesty's  Subjects,  the  great  and  important  value 
of  the  signal  victory  obtained  over  the  French,  at  the 
battle  of  Vimiera,  beg  leave  to  convey  to  you  with  senti- 
ments of  gratitude  our  admiration  of  that  happy  com- 
bination of  gallantry  and  judgement  displayed  by  you  on 
that  occasion. 

"  We  congratulate  the  Empire  at  large  upon  this  pre- 
sage of  future  triumphs:  the  battle  of  the  21st  of  August 
has  left  this  most  gratifying  impression  upon  the  minds 
of  all  persons  that  a  British  Army  is  invincible  when  led 
by  a  Commander  who,  like  you,  unites  the  qualities  of 
coolness  and  promptitude. 

"  We  rejoice  that  the  result  of  the  late  enquiry  has  se- 
cured to  you  the  establishment  of  that  great  character 
acquired  by  a  succession  of  public  services. 

"  The  above  Address  having  been  presented  by  Col. 
Vereker  to  Sir  Arthur  Wellesley,  he  was  pleased  to  re- 
turn the  following  Answer :  — 

"  Dublin  Castle,  Jan.  14,  1809. 
"  GENTLEMEN, 

"  I  am  much  obliged  to  you  for  the  kindness  which  you 
have  manifested  towards  me  in  the  handsome  terms  in 
which  you  have  addressed  me. 

"  I  participate  in  your  confidence  in  the  discipline  and 
gallantry  of  his  Majesty's  troops;  and  I  rejoice  that  I 
should  have  been  so  fortunate  at  the  head  of  a  detach- 
ment of  the  army  upon  an  occasion  in  which,  by  the 
conduct  of  the  troops  in  the  field,  they  augmented  the 
confidence  of  their  countrymen  in  their  prowess,  and  in- 
creased the  security  of  the  country  against  the  attempts 
of  its  inveterate  and  relentless  enenrr. 
"To  the  Citizens  of  Limerick." 

W.  J.  FITZ-PATRICK. 


2»d  S.  IX.  MAY  12.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


363 


GREEK  VASES  AND  LAMPS.  —  Millingen,  in  his 
Painted  Greek  Vases,  London,  1822,  at  p.  67., 
fives  a  description  of  a  vase  with  the  following 
rare  inscription :  A22TEA2  EFPAYEN.  He  also 
mentions  that  there  are  two  more  vases  painted 
by  the  same  artist.  Now  by  comparison  with  a 
lamp  in  my  possession,  I  can  go  farther  than  this, 
and  show  that  the  Greek  potters  were  also  some- 
times painters  of  pottery  as  well ;  for  on  this 
lamp,  which  is  modelled  in  light  red  clay,  ap- 
parently all  handwork  and  not  painted  at  all, 
there  occurs  the  same  name  of  Asteas,  spelt  in 
the  same  curious  way,  viz.  with  a  double  2.  This 
little  lamp  is  very  neatly  made.  On  the  top  is 
the  name  and  the  not  unfrequent  symbol  of  a  ser- 
pent coiling  its  tail  with  a  branch  of  myrtle.  On 
the  bottom,  scratched  into  the  moist  clay,  are  the 
letters  ©:$.!.  What  do  they  stand  for  ?  While  I 
am  writing  on  the  subject,  I  should  like  to  ask 
whether  the  names  at  the  bottom  of  Roman  lamps 
refer  to  the  potters  or  to  the  persons  for  whom 
they  were  made.  J.  C.  J. 


tihttrta*. 

LAPPETS. — Having  been  asked  by  a  lady  friend 
of  mine  what  is  the  origin  of  the  lappets  which 
are  an  essential  appendage  to  a  lady's  court  dress, 
I  should  feel  much  obliged  if  any  of  the  readers 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  can  give  me  any  information  on 
the  subject,  and  also  how  far  back  they  can  be 
traced  as  having  been  worn.  EXCELSIOR. 

SIR  JONAS  MOORE. —  In  Murray's  Handbook, 
Kent  and  Sussex,  published  in  1858,  p.  10.,  it  is 
stated,  that  "  the  Observatory  at  Greenwich  was 
erected  in  1675,  on  the  site  of  Duke  Humphry's 
Tower,  ....  the  remains  of  which  were  taken 
down  by  Charles  II." 

It  is  not  generally  known  whom  the  "  Merry 
Monarch"  entrusted  with  the  erection  of  this 
Observatory.  Tradition  has  attributed  it  to  Sir 
John  Vanbrugh.  The  time  is  not  so^rernote  but 
that  unquestionable  evidence  might  be  obtained 
to  determine  the  matter,  in  which,  perhaps,  the 
following  extract  from  the  epitaph  to  the  memory 
of  Sir  Jonas  Moore  in  the  Tower  Chapel  may 
somewhat  assist :  — 

"Et  imprimis  astronomiae  et  nauticae  artis  fautorem 
Beneficentissimum  se  praebuit ; 

Easque  promovendi  causa 
Speculam  Grenovicensem  (jubente  rege) 

Exstrui  curavit. 

Instruments  idoneis  locupletavit, 

Editisque  mathematicis  operib;  utilissimus 

Orbi  inclaruit." 

This  clearly  shows  Sir  Jonas  Moore's  share  in 
its  erection,  and  how  much  the  observatory  was 
indebted  to  him  for  its  first  supply  of  instruments. 

$ot  only  was  Sir  Jonas  a  great  mathematician 


(as  such  he  is  celebrated  in  quaint  old  Pepys), 
but  he  acquired  fame  as  an  author,  having  pub- 
lished works  on  arithmetic,  fortification,  and  artil- 
lery. In  after  time  his  work  on  Fortification 
does  not  seem  to  have  been  regarded  with  appre- 
ciation, as  Horneck,  in  his  Remarks  on  Fortifica- 
tion, published  in  1738,  thus  disparagingly  alludes 
to  it :  —  "  There  is  a  small  treatise,  published  in 
the  name  of  Sir  Jonas  Moore,  scarce  worthy  that 
great  man's  character." 

From  his  vast  knowledge  of  military  science, 
and  his  well-known  habits  of  industry  and  appli- 
cation, he  was  appointed  by  Charles  II.  to  the 
office  as  Survey  or -general  of  the  Ordnance.  He 
died  on  the  27th  August,  1679,  and  his  remains 
lie  in  the  Tower  Chapel.  The  marble  tablet  to 
his  memory  is  set  in  the  pillar,  supporting  the 
gallery,  nearest  the  chancel. 

Captain  Jonas  Moore,  supposed  to  be  his  grand- 
son, was  killed  at  Carthagena  in  1741,  while 
serving  as  chief  engineer  at  the  siege. 

Is  anything  farther  known  of  Sir  Jonas  Moore 
and  his  descendants  ?  M.  S.  R. 

Brompton  Barracks. 

[Sir  Jonas  Moore's  only  son  had  the  honour  of  knight- 
hood conferred  on  him,  and  the  reversion  of  his  father's 
place  of  Surveyor-general  of  the  Ordnance ;  "  but,"  adds 
Aubrey,  "  Young  Sir  Jonas,  when  he  is  old,  will  never  be 
old  Sir  Jonas,  for  all  the  Gazette's  eulogie."  Mr.  Potinger, 
old  Sir  Jonas's  son-in-law,  was  one  of  the  editors  of  his 
Mathematical  Works,  1681.  An  account  of  this  respect- 
able mathematician  will  be  found  in  Chalmers's  Biog. 
Diet,  a  list  of  his  works  in  Watt's  Bibliotheca,  and  the 
inscription  on  his  monument  in  the  Gent.  Mag.  July, 
1817,  p.  3.  Among  the  Luttrell  collection  of  broadsides 
in  the  British  Museum  is  a  folio  sheet,  entitled,  "  To  the 
Memory  of  my  most  Honoured  Friend,  Sir  Jonas  Moore, 
Knight,  late  Survey  or- general  of  His  Majesty's  Ordnance 
and  Armories,"  a  poetical  elegy.] 

DISCOLOURED  COINS. — I  should  feel  much  obliged 
if  any  correspondent  of  "  N".  &  Q."  would  kindly 
say  the  best  way  of  restoring  some  silver  coins 
forming  part  of  a  proof  pattern  set  complete  of 
the  present  reign  ?  They  have  become  much  tar- 
nished, and  nearly  copper- colour,  although  great 
care  has  been  taken  of  them,  and  they  are  seldom 
removed  from  the  case  in  which  they  were  pur- 
chased. What  could  have  caused  this  ?  The  case 
is  lined  at  bottom  with  purple  velvet  and  on  the 
top  with  white  satin,  and  it  is  on  the  side  nearest 
the  latter  that  they  have  become  chiefly  dis- 
coloured. My  object  is,  if  possible,  to  restore 
them  without  injuring  the  freshness  of  the  die. 

BRISTOLIENSIS. 

WM.  MASON.  —  Mr.  Holland,  in  his  lives  of 
The  Poets  of  Yorkshire,  notices  a  Win.  Mason,  of 
Guisborough,  who  died  at  the  age  of  twenty-five, 
about  the  year  1840.  An  account  of  his  life, 
written  by  Mr.  J.  W.  Orde,  was  published  in  a 
local  periodical  at  Stokesley.  Can  any  one  give 
any  account  of  Mr.  Mason's  poetical  writings?  X, 


364 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  MAY  12.  '60. 


CLIFTON  OF  LEIGHTON  BROMSWOLD  :  EXTINCT 
BARONY.  —  Could  you  refer  me  to  any  work  in 
which  the  descent  of  Sir  Gervase  Clifton,  first 
and  last  Baron  Clifton,  is  detailed  ? 

Burke  and  other  authorities  simply  state  that 
he  was  descended  from  a  branch  of  the  Cliftons  of 
Clifton,  co.  Notts,  but  do  not  trace  the  connexion. 

In  the  Visitation  of  Hunts,  published  by  the 
Camden  Society,  the  pedigree  commences  with 
the  grandfather  of  the  Baron,  "  William  Clifton, 
Esq.,  Customer  of  the  city  of  London,  a  wealthy 
citizen  who  purchased  lands  in  Somerset,  temp. 
Hen.  VIII."  Whose  son  was  he  ? 

C.  J.  ROBINSON,  M.A. 

QUIST,  in  personal  names  probably  derived 
from  locality,  as  Hasselquist,  Lindquist,  Zetter- 
quist.  Qu.  from  hurst,  a  grove,  or  from  hus,  a 
house  ?  I  shall  be  glad  of  other  examples. 

R.  S.  CHARNOCK. 

EXCOMMUNICATION.  —  Can  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents furnish  me  with  instances  of  excom- 
munication from  the  Protestant  Church  in  this 
country  ?  J.  WILLIAMSON. 

Gillingham,  Kent. 

"  SCRIPTURE  RELIGION."  Who  is  the  author  of 
the  following  work  ? 

"  Scripture  Religion :  or,  a  Short  View  of  the  Faith 
and  Practice  of  a  True  Christian,  as  plainly  laid  down  in 
the  Holy  Scriptures,  and  faithfully  Taught  in  the  Church 
of  England,  with  suitable  Devotions.  By  a  Divine  of  the 
Church  of  England.  The  Second  Edition.  London: 
Printed  for  Anne  Speed,  at  the  Three  Crowns,  over  against 
Jonathan's  Coffee-House  in  Exchange-Alley,  in  Cornhill. 
MDCCVI.  Price  3s." 

Fronting  this  is  a  portrait  of  "  the  Most  Re- 
verend Father  in  God,  Sir  Wm.  Dawes,  Bart.,  by 
Divine  Providence  Lord  Abp.  of  York,  Primate 
of  England  and  Metropolitan."  This  portrait 
could  not  have  belonged  originally  to  the  work, 
since  Sir  W.  Dawes  was  not  translated  to  York 
before  1714.  I  have  examined  two  or  three  full 
lists  of  Archbp.  Dawes's  works,  and  have  nowhere 
been  able  to  find  the  above  book  mentioned.  Is  it 
a  work  of  Dawes,  or  how  can  the  omission  be  ac- 
counted for  ?  I  may  add  that  there  is  bound  up 
with  it  a  work  called  The  Principles  of  Deism, 
Sfc.,  in  Two  Dialogues  between  a  Sceptic  and  a 
Deist,  Sfc.j  5th  edition :  London,  Wm.  Innys,  at 
the  West  end  of  St.  Paul's,  MDCCXXIX.  Fronting 
this  is  a  frontispiece,  at  the  top  of  which  is  written, 
"  to  front  the  Duties  of  the  Closet"  This  was  a 
work  of  Abp.  Dawes.  J.  A.  STAVERTON. 

BOOKS  FOR  MIDDLE  CLASS  EXAMINATIONS. — 
What  are  the  best  books  of  reference  for  the 
higher  geographical  questions  now  set  in  the  mi- 
litary, civU  service,  and  middle-class  examina- 
tions? e.g.  where  can  I  find  in  a  compendious 
form  the  products  of  each  country  of  the  world, 
the  industrial  occupations  of  the  towns,  the  im- 


ports and  exports  with  the  ports  each  article 
issues  from  and  arrives  at  —  all  this,  perhaps, 
under  the  respective  heads  of  coal,  cotton,  £c. ; 
the  routes  and  lines  of  telegraph,  &c.  ?  Also, 
which  are  the  two  best  physical  geographies,  the 
one  for  reference,  the  other  for  getting  up. 

S.  IP.  CHESWELL. 
The  School,  Tonbridge,  Kent. 

KNIGHTS  CREATED  BY  THE  PRETENDER.  — 
Thirteen  knights  are  said  to  have  been  made  by 
Charles  Edward  in  the  rebellion  of  1745.  Among 
these  were,  I  believe, — 

Sir  James  Mackenzie, 

Sir  Hector  M'Lean, 

Sir  Wm.  Gordon, 

Sir  David  Murray, 

Sir  Hugh  Montgomery, 

Sir  Geo.  Witherington,  and 

Sir  Wm.  Dunbar. 
Who  were  the  other  six  ?  G.  W.  M. 

DIVERSITY  OF  PLAN  IN  THE  MONASTERIES  OF 
THE  DIFFERENT  ORDERS.  —  Questions  of  far  less 
interest  than  that  proposed  in  the  heading  of  this 
Query  have  been  largely  discussed  in  the  pages 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  Will  some  person  who  has  studied 
the  question  state  the  results  of  his  reading 
amongst  the  early  "  Reguke  "  and  "  Statutes  "  of 
the  different  Orders  ?  I  believe  nothing  was  left 
to  chance  in  the  matter.  A  work  on  this  subject, 
well  illustrated  by  plans  of  existing  monastic  re- 
mains, would  be  a  real  boon  to  architectural 
students.  If  any  such  work  exists  it  never  ap- 
pears in  our  booksellers'  catalogues. 

JAMES  GRAVES. 

Kilkenny. 

"  POOR  BELLE."— Who  was  she  ?  The  follow- 
ing interesting  cutting  is  from  an  old  newspaper 
of  the  year  1809:  — 

"  Some  antient  deeds,  belonging  to  the  Ormond  family, 
of  considerable  importance,  being  supposed  to  remain  in 
a  subterraneous  room,  called  the  Evidence  Chamber,  in 
Ormond  Castle,  in  the  town  of  Kilkenny,  which  had  not 
been  explored  in  the  memory  of  man,  the  law  agent  of 
the  family  (Mr.  Skelton)  proposed  to  descend  into  it, 
which  he  did  with  considerable  difficulty,  preceded  by 
two  chimney-sweeper  boys  with  torches;  after  a  close 
research  he  found  an  iron-bound  oak  trunk,  in  which 
many  extraordinary  papers  were  discovered,  though  not 
the  records  particularly  sought  for ;  amongst  them  were 
three  in  the  handwriting  of  King  James,  some  in  that  of 
the  Duke  of  Monmouth,  and  the  then  Duke  of  Ormond, 
and  four  from  the  celebrated  Nell  Gwynne,  complaining 
of  the  non-payment  of  her  court  annuity;  and  several 
addressed  to  the  Duke  of  Ormond,  recommending  the 
distressful  situation  of  '  Poor  BELLE  '  to  his  serious  con- 
sideration ;  but  the  family  have  no  clue  by  which  to  trace 
who  this  unfortunate  fair  one  was.'" 

W.  J.  FITS-PATRICK. 

"THREE  HUNDRED  LETTERS." — The  following 
cutting  is  from  a  newspaper  half  a  century  old. 
Who  was  "the  venerable  and  distinguished  Couu- 


.  IX.  MAY  12.  '00.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


365 


tess?"  Is  the  book  often  met  with?  I  do  not 
remember  to  have  ever  seen  it :  — 

"  In  the  press,  and  will  speedily  be  published,  in  Ten 
Numbers,  Three  Hundred  Letters  on  the  most  Interest- 
ing Subjects,  containing  a  great  Variety  of  entertaining 
Matter ;  written  by  a  late  venerable  and  distinguished 
Countess  well  known  in  the  literary  world,  addressed  to 
her  Kinswoman,  the  late  Lady  Tyrawley ;  and  by  way 
of  Appendix  will  also  be  published  100  Letters  on  Mis- 
cellaneous subjects,  by  a  living  character,  the  daughter 
of  the  same  venerable  Countess,  the  whole  forming  such 
a  carious  Collection,  as  has  never  before  been  offered  to 
the  Irish  public." 

W.  J.  F. 

WORDSWORTH  TRA VEST-IE.  —  Some  years  ago 
there  appeared  a  parody  on,  or  imitation  of,  the 
Wordsworth  school  of  poetry,  commencing  in 
this  strain :  — 

"  Did  you  never  hear  the  story 

Of  the  lady  under  the  holly  tree? 
It's  a  sad  tale,  and  will  make  you  weep, 
It  always  does  me. 

"  This  lady  had  a  little  dog, 
One  of  King  Charles'  breed, 
&c.  &c.  &c." 

I  particularly  wish  to  know  who  was  the  author 
of  this  poetic  trifle,  and  where  I  can  obtain  a 
complete  copy  of  the  poem  ?  T.  HUGHES. 

Chester. 

"  SUDGEDLUIT,"     ITS     ETYMOLOGY.  —  I    should 

feel  obliged  if  any  of  your  learned  contributors 
could  inform  me  of  the  derivation  of  "  Sudged- 
luit,"  the  name  of  an  old  British  town  in  North 
Lancashire,  long  since  numbered  with  the  past. 

FlNLAYSON. 

SIB  JOHN  BOWSING. — Can  any  of  your  readers 
tell  us  more  than  is  told  by  himself  of  a  Sir  John 
Bowring,  the  companion  of  Charles  the  First  in  his 
Carisbrook  Castle  imprisonment,  and  who  stood 
by  him  at  the  time  of  his  execution  ?  Mr.  Knight 
avers  that  had  his  counsels  been  listened  to  by 
the  king,  his  majesty  would  have  been  rescued 
from  his  perils.  He  says  he  provided  on  more 
than  one  occasion  'for  his  master's  most  urgent 
necessities  several  hundred  pounds  in  gold,  which 
he  delivered  into  the  king's  hands,  and  that  in 
gratitude  for  the  dangers  he  had  incurred,  and 
the  services  he  had  rendered,  he  was  made  a 
baronet ;  but  the  patent  (not  being  enrolled  at  the 
Heralds'  Office  in  consequence  of  the  troubles  of 
the  times),  was  eaten  by  mice,  in  its  place  of  con- 
cealment behind  the  wainscot.  Sir  John  Bow- 
ring's  Narrative  addressed  to  Charles  the  Second, 
was  published  in  Miscellanies,  Historical  and  Phi- 
lological, (pp.  78—162),  London,  1703,  and  was 
reprinted  in  the  Harleian  Collection.  Mr.  Knight 
belonged  to  the  family  of  the  Bowrings  of  Devon, 
who  were  settled  for  several  centuries  at  Ben- 
ningsleigh.  One  of  them,  John  Bowring,  was 
Lent  Reader  in  the  Inner  Temple  in  1505,  and 


afterwards  Chief  Justice  of  the  Common  Pleas  in 
Ireland  (Origines  Judiciales,  p.  215.),  and  another 
of  the  same  name  issued  a  brass  token,  with  the 
inscription,  "  John  Bowring,  of  Chumleigh,  his 
halfpenny,  1670."  INQUIRER. 

EARL  OF  GALWAY. —  Henry  de  Massue,  Mar- 
quis  of  liuvigny,  in  Picardy,  quitted  his  native 
country  in  consequence  of  religious  persecution, 
and  entered  the  service  of  King  William  III.,  by 
whom  he  was  created  Viscount  and  Earl  of  Gal- 
way.^  The  Earl,  who  played  a  conspicuous  part 
in  his  day,  died  3rd  September,  1720,  when  his 
titles  became  extinct.  Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  & 
Q."  refer  me  to  any  authority  for  his  pedigree,  or 
say  whether  he  was  ever  married  ?  R,  S. 


"  SALTFOOT  CONTROVERSY."  —  I  have  occasion- 
ally found  allusion  made  to  this  Controversy.  I 
guess  it  is  something  regarding  heraldry  or  family 
history.  Where  can  I  obtain  information  about 
it  ?  S.  WMSON. 

[In  former  times,  as  is  well  known,  there  was  a  marked 
and  invidious  subordination  maintained  among  persons 
admitted  to  the  same  dinner  table.  A  large  salt-cellar 
was  usually  placed  about  the  centre  of  a  long  table,  the 
places  above  which  were  assigned  to  the  guests  of  more 
distinction ;  those  below  to  dependents,  inferiors,  and  poor 
relations.  Hence  Dekker,  in  The  Honest  Whore,  ex- 
claims : 

"  Plague  him ;  set  him  below  the  salt,  and  let  him  not 
touch  a  bit,  till  every  one  has  had  his  full  cut." 

Bishop  Hall,  too,  in  his  Byting  Satires,  1559,  speaking 
of  some  "trencher-chapelaine"  who  would  stand  to  good 
conditions : 

"  First,  that  he  lie  upon  the  truckle-bed, 
While  his  young  maister  lieth  o'er  his  head ; 
Second,  that  he  do,  upon  no  default, 
Never  to  sit  above  the  salt." 

The  Salt-foot  controversy  originated  in  two  passages 
quoted  from  the  Memorie  of  the  Somervilles,  edited  by  Sir 
Walter  Scott,  in  Blackwood's  Edinburgh  Magazine  for 
April,  1817.  It  appears  that  Somerville,  laird  of  Drum, 
who  wrote  in  the  year  1679,  has  asserted  in  his  account 
of  his  own  famity,  that  Sir  Walter  Stewart  of  Allanton, 
Knight,  was,  "  from  some  antiquity,  a  fewar  of  the  Earl 
of  TweddilFs  in  Auchtermuire,  whose  predecessors,  until 
this  man  (Sir  Walter),  never  came  to  sit  above  the  salt-foot 
when  at  the  Lord  of  Cambusnethen's  table — which  for 
ordinary  every  Sabboth  they  dyned  at,  as  did  most  of  the 
honest  men  within  the  parish  of  any  account."  (Memorie 
of  the  Somervilles,  ii.  394.)  An  assertion  which  he  also 
makes  when  talking  of  his  brother,  Sir  James  Stewart  of 
Kirkfield  and  Coltness,  whom  he  styles  "  a  gentleman  of 
very  mean  familie  upon  Clyde,  being  brother-german  to 
the  goodman  of  Allentone  (a  fewar  of  the  Earle  of  Twed- 
dill's  in  Auchtermuire,  within  Cambusnethen  parish), 
whose  predecessors,  before  this  man,  never  came  to  sit 
above  the  Laird  of  Cambusnethen's  salt-foot."  (Ibid., 
p.  380.) 

On  the  other  hand,  the  Allantons  stoutly  maintain,  that 
both  Sir  Walter's  immediate  and  more  remote  ancestry 


36G 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAY  12.  '60. 


were  princely  and  baronial,  forming  "one  of  the  most 
ancient  branches  of  the  House  of  Stewart,"  that  had 
existed  as  a  separate  family  for  no  less  than  five  centu- 
ries, and  directly  asserted  their  claim  by  exhibiting  a 
most  splendid  pedigree. 

"  Strange !  all  this  difference  should  be 
'Twixt  Tweedle-dum  and  Tweedle-dee ! " 

But  so  it  was :  for  the  question  being  considered  a  fair 
topic  of  literary  discussion  for  the  pages  of  Blackwood's 
Edinburgh  Magazine,  a  series  of  articles  appeared  in  the 
earlier  numbers  of  that  work,  and  were  afterwards  col- 
lected into  a  volume  by  Mr.  J.  Riddle,  entitled  The  Salt- 
Foot  Controversy,  as  it  appeared  in  BlachwoocTs  Magazine ; 
to  which  is  added,  A  Reply  to  the  article  published  in 
No.  18.  of  that  work ;  with  other  extracts,  and  an  Ap- 
pendix, containing  some  Remarks  on  the  present  State  of 
the  Lyon  Office.  8vo. 

The  disputants  in  this  solemn  farce  eventually  came  to 
blows.  Early  in  May,  1818,  one  Mr.  Douglas  "presented 
himself  at  the  publisher's,  with  a  new  riding- whip  in  his 
hand,  and  in  a  loud  voice  inquired,  "  If  Blackwood  was 
within  ?  "  And  being  answered  in  the  negative,  was 
about  to  retire,  when  he  met  the  worthy  publisher  at  the 
door.  Upon  this  Mr.  Douglas,  in  the  strength,  length, 
and  agility  of  his  notable  limbs,  laid  his  whip  about  the 
shoulders  of  the  unlucky  proprietor  of  Maga,  and  in- 
stantly strode  off  without  leaving  his  card.  Mr.  Black- 
wood  instantly  provided  himself  with  a  hazel  sapling,  and 
was  determined  to  chastise  the  ruffian.  Accordingly  he 
and  his  friend  James  Hogg  sallied  forth,  and  found  that 
Douglas  had  taken  refuge  in  Mackay's  Hotel,  and  was  to 
start  for  Glasgow  by  the  4  o'clock  coach.  On  his  appear- 
ance Mr.  Blackwood  sprung  upon  him  with  his  stick, 
and,  to  use  his  own  words,  "  nothing  short  of  a  certificate 
from  a  respectable  surgeon  will  convince  those  who  wit- 
nessed the  whole  proceeding,  that  his  arms  and  shoulders 
do  not  bear  unequivocal  marks  of  the  severity  of  his 
punishment." 

The  account  of  this  affray  by  the  Ettrick  Shepherd  is 
so  characteristic,  that  we  give  it  in  his  own  words :  — 

"  To  the  Editor  of  the  «  Glasgow  Chronicle? 

"  SIR,  —  A  copy  of  the  Glasgow  Chronicle  has  just  been 
handed  to  me,  in  which  I  observe  a  paragraph  concerning 
Mr.  Blackwood,  and  'a  gentleman  from  Glasgow,'  which  I 
declare  to  be  manifestly  false.  The  paragraph  must  have 
been  written  by  that  said  gentleman  himself,  as  no  other  spec- 
tator could  possibly  have  given  such  a  statement.  Among 
other  matters,  he  says  that  Mr.  B.  was  '  accompanied  by 
a  man  having  the  appearance  of  a  shop-porter.'  He  is  '  a 
gentleman  from  Glasgow,'  and  I  am  'a  man  having  the 
appearance  of  a  shop-porter '  (for  there  was  no  person  ac- 
companying Mr.  B.  but  myself).  Now  I  do  not  take 
this  extremely  well,  and  should  like  to  know  what  it  is 
that  makes  him  a  gentleman,  and  me  so  far  below  one. 
Plain  man  as  I  am,  it  cannot  be  my  appearance ;  I  will 
show  myself  on  the  steps  at  the  door  of  Mackay's  Hotel 
with  him  whenever  he  pleases,  or  anywhere  else.  It 
cannot  be  on  account  of  my  parents  and  relations,  for  in 
that  I  am  likewise  willing  to  abide  the  test.  If  it  is,  as 
is  commonly  believed,  that  a  man  is  known  by  his  com- 
pany, I  can  tell  this  same  gentleman  that  I  am  a  frequent 
and  a  welcome  guest  in  companies  where  he  would  not  be 
admitted  as  a  waiter.  If  it  is  to  any  behaviour  of  mine 
that  he  alludes  in  this  his  low  species  of  wit,  I  hereby 
declare,  Sir,  to  you  and  to  the  world,  that  I  never  at- 
tacked a  defenceless  man  who  was  apparently  one  half 
below  me  in  size  and  strength,  nor  stood  patiently  and 
was  cudgelled  like  an  ox,  when  that  same  person  thought 
proper  to  retaliate.  As  to  the  circumstances  of  the. drub- 
bing which  Mr.  Blackwpod  gave  tin's  same  « gentleman 


from  Glasgow,'  so  many  witnessed  it,  there  can  be  no 
mistake  about  the  truth. 

"  JAMES  HOGO. 

"  No.  6.  Charles  Street,  Edinburgh, 
13th  May,  1818."] 

URSINUS.  —  There  was  a  translation  made  by 
"  Parrie "  of  the  Lectures  of  Zach.  Ursinus,  and 
published  at  Oxford  in  1578.  Where  can  I  meet 
with  a  copy  of  it  ?  Has  any  edition  of  this  trans- 
lation been  issued  since  the  date  mentioned  ? 

C.  LE  POER  KENNEDY. 

Roff. 

[The  Summe  of  Christian  Religion,  delivered  by  Zach- 
arias  Ursinus  in  his  Lectures  upon  the  Catechism  auto- 
rised  by  the  noble  Prince  Frederick  throughout  his 
dominions,  and  translated  by  Henrie  Parrie,  was  first 
published  at  Oxford  in  1587  (not  1578),  8vo.  This  was 
followed  by  other  editions  (probably  abridged)  in  8vo. 
Oxford,  1589,  and  Oxford,  1595.  It  was  again  reprinted 
in  the  following  work  with  a  long  title-page:  "  The 
Summe  of  Christian  Religion,  delivered  by  Zacharias 
Ursinus,  first  by  way  of  Catechism,  and  then  afterwards 
more  enlarged  by  a  sound  and  judicious  Exposition  and 
Application  of  the  same.  Wherein  also  are  debated  and 
resolved  the  Questions  of  whatsoever  points  of  moment 
have  been,  or  are  Controversed  in  Divinitie.  First  Eng- 
lished by  D.  Henry  Parry,  and  now  again  conferred  with 
the  best  and  last  Latine  edition  of  D.  David  Pareus, 
sometimes  Professour  of  Divinity  in  Heidelberge.  Where- 
unto  is  added  a  large  and  full  Alphabeticall  Table  of  such 
matters  as  are  therein  contained :  together  with  all  the 
Scriptures  that  are  occasionally  handled,  by  way  either 
of  Controversie,  Exposition,  or  Reconciliation ;  neither 
of  which  was  done  before,  but  now  is  performed  for  the 
reader's  delight  and  benefit.  To  this  work  of  Ursinus 
are  now  at  last  annexed  The  Theological  Miscellanies  of 
D.  David  Pareus:  in  which  the  orthodoxall  tenets  are 
briefly  and  solidly  confirmed,  and  the  contrary  errours  of 
the  Papists,  Ubiquitaries,  Antitrinitaries,  Eutychians, 
Socinians,  and  Arminians"  fully  refuted ;  and  now  trans- 
lated into  English  out  of  the  Originall  Latine  Copie,  by 
A.  R.  London,  Printed  by  James  Young,  and  are  to  be 
sold  by  Steven  Bowtell,  at  the  signe  of  the  Bible  in 
Popes -head  Alley.  1645,"  fol.  The  Catechism  itself,  under 
the  title  of  The  Heidelberg  Catechism,  has  been  fre- 
quently reprinted.  The  last  edition,  1850,  contains  a 
valuable  bibliographical  notice  by  the  Editor,  the  Rev. 
A.  S.  Thelwall,  M.A.,  Lecturer  at  King's  College,  Lon- 
don.] 

ASSUMPTION  or  TITLES.  —  In  the  year  1845 
the  following  appeared  among  the  advertisements 
in  Aris's  Birmingham  Gazette :  — 

"  At  a  meeting  held  at  the  Public  Office,  Birmingham, 
on  Friday  the  12th  day  of  Dec.  1845,  Mr.  Jones  of  London 
in  the  Chair,  a  gentleman  whose  name  was  privately 
mentioned  to  the  chairman,  stated  to  the  meeting  that 
he  had  discovered  the  existence  of  an  Act,  36  Edw.  L, 
which  provided  that  if  any  person  should  use,  cause  or 
permit,  or  suffer  to  be  used,  or  connive  at  or  countenance 
the  using  or  appending  after  his  surname  the  addition  of 
any  honours,  title,  distinction,  or  designation  which  such 
person  was  not  intitled  by  the  laws  of  this  realm  so  to 
use  or  append,  every  person  so  offending  should  forfeit 
and  pay  the  sum  of  one  hundred  shillings  to  the  king,  or 
to  any  person  by  him  empowered  to  sue  for  the  same." 

It  farther  stated  that  the  rights  of  the  Crown 
to  all  future  penalties  ha4  been  purchased  by  the 


2nd  s.  IX.  MAY  1-'.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


367 


gentleman  before  alluded  to,  "  upon  very  easy 
terms,"  together  with  full  power  to  sue  for  the 
same. 

Will  some  correspondent  tell  me  if  this  was 
ever  enforced,  or  give  any  information  on  the 
subject?  G.W.M. 

["  The  gentleman  whose  name  was  privately  mentioned 
to  Mr.  Jones  of  London  "  seems  to  have  been  a  greater 
man  than  Lord  Chesterfield,  for  whereas  that  distin- 
guished Peer  only  took  away  "  eleven  days  "  from  the 
Calendar  and  his  country,  Mr.  Jones's  friend  appears  to 
have  added  a  whole  regnal  year  to  the  reign  of  Edward  I. 
Was  the  gentleman  "  whose  name  was  privately  men- 
tioned to  the  chairman,"  and  who  had  "  purchased  upon 
very  easy  terms  "  "  the  rights  of  the  Crown  to  all  future 
penalties,"  Mr.  Smith  of  London?  Mr.  Smith  of  London 
is  the  gentleman,  we  believe,  to  whom  the  rights  of  the 
Crown  are  generally  sold.  The  advertisement  is  either  a 
hoax,  or  probably  a  sly  hit  very  well  understood  by  the 
men  of  Birmingham  at  the  time  of  its  publication.] 

OLD  ETCHINGS.  —  A  set  of  old  etchings,  sub- 
ject historical,  bears  the  monogram  T  v  T,  the 
v  interlaced  with  the  other  letters.  To  what 
artist  can  these  engravings  be  ascribed  ?  I  have 
heard  the  name,  but  it  has  escaped  me.  Are 
original  engravings  by  Rembrandt  often  to  be 
met  with  in  the  market  ?  C.  LE  POER  KENNEDY. 

Roff. 

[The  monogram  is  that  of  Theodore  van  Thulden,  one 
of  the  most  distinguished  disciples  of  the  school  of  Ru- 
bens. He  died  in  1676,  aged  sixty-nine.] 

J.  F.  BRYANT.  —  There  is  a  volume  of  Poenu, 
by  J.  F.  Bryant,  8vo.  1787,  containing  his  Auto- 
biography. Can  you  give  me  any  information 
regarding  him  ?  X. 

[John  Frederick  Bryant  was  born  in  Market  Street, 
Westminster,  22nd  Nov.  1753,  and  bred  a  tobacco-pipe 
maker.  In  1787,  by  the  liberality  of  Sir  Archibald 
Macdonald,  he  set  up  as  stationer  and  printseller  at  Xo. 
35.  Long  Acre,  London ;  but  not  succeeding,  obtained  a 
place  in  the  Excise,  which  his  ill  health  obliged  him  to 
give  up.  He  died  in  March,  1791.  The  principal  por- 
tion of  his  Autobiography  has  been  reprinted  by  Dr. 
Southey  in  John  Jones's  Attempts  in  Verse,  pp.  135 — 162., 
ed.  1831.  Bryant's  volume  of  collected  Verses  probably 
contains  all  his  pieces  considered  worthy  of  publication.] 

CRYPT  UNDER  GERHARD'S  HALL.  —  I  have  a 
beautiful  woodcut  of  this  discovery,  but  no  par- 
ticulars. Will  any  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
be  pleased  to  say  if  they  have  learnt  any  history 
of  it?  J.  W. 

[An  account  and  description  of  Gerrard's  Hall  is  given 
in  Wilkinson's  Londoni  Illustrata,  i.  100. ;  and  in  Beau- 
foy's  London  Tradesmen's  Tokens,  p.  22.  edit.  1855,  with 
plate.  In  1852,  at  the  request  of  the  proprietors  of  the 
Crystal  Palace,  the  stones  of  the  Crypt  were  all  num- 
bered and  forwarded  to  Sydenham  for  re-erection  on  the 
grounds  attached  to  the  palace;  but  after  remaining 
there  for  some  time,  the  materials  were  used  for  building 
the  present  water-towers.  Thus  all  traces  of  this  ve- 
nerable relic  of  antiquity  is  now  lost  to  the  public.  An 
exact  model  of  it  by  Day  is.  deposited  in  the  Guildhall 
Library.] 


HELL  FIRE  CLUB.  — Can  you  inform  me  where 
I  may  find  an  account  of  "  The  Hell  Fire  Club  ?" 
a  club  which  existed,  I  believe,  in  Horace  Wai- 
pole's  time,  and  belonged  to  either  Berkshire  or 
Buckinghamshire.  .  JOHN  MAURICE. 

[There  was  published  in  1721,  a  pamphlet  entitled  The 
Hell  Fire  Club,  kept  by  a  Society  of  Blasphemers.  A  Satyr, 
most  humbly  inscribed  to  the  Rt.  Hon.  Thomas  Baron 
Macclesfield,  Lord  High  Chancellor  of  Great  Britain. 
With  the  King's  Order  in  Council  for  suppressing  Im- 
morality and  fltophaneness.  8vo.  It  only  condemns  in 
general  terms  the  diabolical  profaneness,  immorality,  and 
debauchery,  of  its  meetings.  There  were  three  of  thesa 
impious  associations  in  London,  to  which  •  upwards  of 
forty  persons  of  quality  of  both  sexes  belonged.  They  met 
at  Somerset  House,  at  a  house  in  Westminster,  and  at 
another  in  Conduit  Street,  Hanover  Square.  They  assumed 
the  names  of  the  patriarchs,  prophets,  and  martyrs,  in 
derision ;  and  ridiculed  at  their  meetings  the  doctrine  of 
the  Trinity,  and  the  mj'steries  of  the  Christian  religion. 
See  7  Geo.'l.,  1721.  But  our  correspondent's  Query  refers 
probably  to  The  Hell  Fire  Club,  or  Monks  of  Medmenham 
Abbey,  of  which  Sir  F.  Dashwood,  Wilkes,  Paul  White- 
head,  &c.  were  among  the  most  conspicuous  members.  3 

Cox's  MECHANISM.  —  In  The  New  Foundling 
Hospital  for  Wit,  ii.  42.,  edit.  1784,  we  read, — 
"  So  when  great  Cox,  at  his  mechanic  call, 
Bids  orient  pearls  from  golden  dragons  fall, 
Each  little  dragonet,  with  brazen  grin, 
Gapes  for  the  precious  prize,  and  gulps  it  in. 
Yet  when  we  peep  behind  the  magic  scene, 
One  master-wheel  directs  the  whole  machine ; 
The  self-same  pearls,  in  nice  gradation,  all, 
Around  one  common  centre,  rise  and  fall,  &c." 

W.  Mason  ? 

Who  was  Cox  ?  Where  was  his  piece  of  me- 
chanism exhibited,  and  what  ^became  of  it  after 
it  had  ceased  to  draw  ? 

Was  it  taken  to  pieces,  or  does  it  still  exist  in 
some  cabinet  of  curiosities  ?  I  fancy  I  remember 
seeing  something  very  like  it,  when  I  was  a  child, 
at  a  country  fair.  W.  D. 

[Mr.  Cox  wag  an  ingenious  jeweller  residing  in  Shoe 
Lane,  Fleet  Street,  who  obtained  an  Act  of  Parliament  in 
1773,  to  enable  him  to  dispose  of  his  Museum  by  way  of 
lottery.  See  his  Descriptive  Inventory  of  the  several  Ex- 
quisite and  Magnificent  Pieces  of  Mechanism  and  Jewellery, 
4to.  1774.  The  lines  quoted  above  appear  to  refer  to  piece 
the  twenty-third,  described  at  p.  33.  of  his  Inventory. ] 


ALLEGED  INTERPOLATIONS  IN  THE  «TE 
DEUM." 

(2nd  S.  viii.  352. ;  ix.  31.  265.) 

I  perceive  that  this  question  has  been  taken  up 
by  two  of  your  correspondents,  MR.  BOYS  and 
MR.  JEBB.  I  can  assure  the  former  that  I  never 
saw  anything  offensive  in  the  versicles,  which  had 
proved  offending  to  the  critical  sense  of  some  un- 
known person,  whose  local  habitation  and  name  I 
was  in  hopes  of  discovering  by  the  aid  of  "  N.  & 
Q."  The  question  appears  to  have  been  first 


368 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


S.  IX.  MAY  12.  '60, 


ventilated  by  some  one  writing  under  the  nom-de- 
guerre  of  the  Hebrew  letter  Lamed,  in  p.  395.  of 
the  British  Magazine  for  the  last  half  of  1842.  It 
will  perhaps  be  satisfactory  to  your  readers,  con- 
sidering the  imporUin'ce  of  the  subject,  especially 
in  these  days  of  parliamentary  motions  for  revi- 
sion of  the  Liturgy,  &c.,  if  I  transcribe  the  greater 
part  of  the  letter. 

"  I  suspect  the  versicles  — 11.  'The  Father,  of  an  in- 
finite majesty;'  12.  'Thine  honourable,  true,  and  only 
Son;'  13.  'Also  the  Holy  Ghost,  the  Comforter,'  — 
to  be  an  interpolation,  occasioned  by  the  fraud  or  in- 
judicious zeal  of  some  firm  believer  in  the  doctrine  of 
the  Trinity.  They  appear  out  of  place.  The  hymn  is 
addressed  to  our  Lord  Christ,  not,  as  our  English  Trans- 
lation would  at  first  mislead  us  to  suppose,  to  God  the 
Father.  The  first  versicle  in  the  Latin  is  '  Te  Deum  (not 
Dens')  laudamus ;  te  Dominum  confi temur ' ;  which  should 
have  been  translated,  '  We  praise  Thee  as  God,  we 
acknowledge  Thee  to  be  Lord,'  (Phil.  ii.  11.)  2.  <Te 
ceternum  Patrem  omnis  terra  veneratur.'  '  The  Father 
everlasting'  is  applied  to  Christ,  Isa,  ix.  6.,  "W""^^ 
The  *  Sanctus,  Sauctus,  Sanctus,  Dominus  Deus  Sabaoth,' 
is  addressed  to  Christ.  (See  Isa.  vi.  3.,  compared  with 
John  xii,  41.)  All  the  versicles  from  1 — 10.,  and  from 
14.  ad  fin.,  are  applicable  to  our  Lord,  and  the  tenour  of 
the  hymn  appears  to  me  to  be  broken  and  disjointed  by 
the  interposition  of  versicles  11 — 13. 

"  Again,  the  hymn,  according  to  the  venerable  testi- 
mony of  antiquity,  is  amcebcean :  St.  Ambrose  (or  with  us 
the  minister)  led  the  first  verse ;  St.  Augustin  (or  with 
us  the  congregation)  made  the  response.  Now  it  will  be 
found,  that,  if  these  three  versicles  be  retained,  no  re- 
sponse will  be  given  to  the  last ;  if  they  are  omitted,  the 
alternation  will  be  regular.  There  was  no  need,  on  this 
occasion,  for  the  profession  of  faith  in  the  Holy  Trinity ;  it 
was  already  declared  in  the  form  of  baptism  by  St.  Am- 
brose (Matt,  xxviii.  19.),  and  avowed  by  St.  Augustin 
at  his  immersion  in  the  '  laver  of  regeneration.'  See 
Tertul.  adv.  Praxean  and  De  Corona" 

To  these  arguments  I  may  add  another,  which 
has  just  suggested  itself  to  me,  viz.  that,  suppos- 
ing the  hymn  addressed,  not  to  God  the  Father, 
but  to  the  Holy  Trinity,  the  words  ceternum  Pa- 
trem are  not  only  inapplicable,  but  would  be  stu- 
diously avoided.  The  rubric  in  our  own  Liturgy 
particularly  directs  the  words  "  Holy  Father"  to 
be  omitted  before  the  proper  preface  for  Trinity 
Sunday.  I  cannot  remember  from  what  source  I 
derived  the  comparison  with  the  hymn  stated  by 
Pliny  to  have  been  sung  fty  the  early  Christians, 
secu/n  invicem  Christo  quasi  Deo. 

MR.  BOYS  fairly  enough  reduces  LamecCs  argu- 
ment from  the  amcebcean  nature  of  the  hymn  from 
a  categorical  to  a  hypothetical  one ;  but  neither 
he  nor  Mfc.  JEBB  offer  the  slightest  reply  to  the 
main  paints  of  his  letter,  which  are:  (1.)  That 
Te  Deum  laudamus  ==  We  praise  Thee,  as  God 
(not  O  God) ;  which  is  not  good  sense  as  applied 
either  to  the  Father  or  the  Holy  Trinity,  whereas 
it  is  good  sense  as  applied  to  Christ.  (2.)  That 
ejecting  the  three  offending  versicles,  the  re- 
mainder becomes  a  hymn  to-  Christ  as  God  of  the 
nature  above  mentioned.  Lamed' s  impression  of 


the  inappropriateness  of  these  three  versicles  in 
their  present  place  appears  fully  as  much  entitled 
to  regard  as  ME.  JEBB'S  conviction  of  their  abso- 
lute necessity.  If  any  interpolation  has  taken 
place,  it  must  have  taken  place  at  a  time  long  an- 
tecedent to  the  date  of  any  existing  MSS.,  so  that 
we  are  entirely  left  to  the  question  of  internal 
evidence  upon  the  matter.  And  it  is  not  unrea- 
sonable to  suppose,  that  the  date  usually  assigned 
for  the  composition  of  the  hymn  was  in  reality 
only  that  of  its  interpolation.  With  the  well- 
known  forgery  of  the  three  heavenly  witnesses  in 
1  John  v.  7.  before  our  eyes,  we  surely  cannot  be 
blamed  for  entertaining  such  a  suspicion. 

I  confess  myself  entirely  unable  to  answer  the 
arguments  of  Lamed,  and  shall  only  be  too  happy 
to  find  them  satisfactorily  answered  by  MR.  BOYS, 
MR.  JEBB,  or  any  other  of  your  numerous  learned 
correspondents.  A.  H.  W. 


MALONIANA. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  324.) 

Your  correspondent  E.  C.  B.,  in  proof  "  how 
profoundly  ignorant  Malone  must  have  been," 
says  that  he  speaks  of  Pope  as  patronising  Lord 
Mansfield,  whereas,  "•  at  the  time  mentioned," 
Lord  Mansfield  "  was  in  the  highest  position  in 
the  House  of  Commons,  the  antagonist  of  Lord 
Chatham."  It  is  loose  and  objectionable  to  speak 
of  Lord  Mansfield  and  Lord  Chatham  as  members 
of  the  House  of  Commons ;  the  more  especially 
as  the  one  was  not  created  a  peer  for  ten  or 
twelve  years  after  Pope's  death,  nor  the  other  for 
more  than  twenty.  I  will,  however,  confine  my- 
self to  facts.  Mr.  Murray,  afterwards  Lord 
Mansfield,  first  took  his  seat  in  the  House  of 
Commons  in  March,  1743,  and,  according  to  the 
Parliamentary  History,  made  his  first  speech  there 
in  Dec.  1743,  about  five  months  before  Pope  died. 
Pope's  Epistle  to  "  dear  Murray  "  was  published 
in  1737. 

I  have  thought  it  right  to  correct  your  cor- 
respondent in  this  instance,  although  I  agree  with 
him  as  to  the  worthlessness,  or  worse,  of  what  are 
called  the  Maloniana  in  Sir  James  Prior's  Life  of 
Malone,  which  ought  never  to  have  been  pub- 
lished, and  never  would  have  been  by  Malone. 
No  doubt  Malone  wrote  down  any  anecdote  as  he 
heard  it,  without  time  for  consideration ;  but 
publication  is  a  deliberate  act  for  which  he  would 
have  considered  himself  responsible ;  and  as  many 
of  the  anecdotes  and  speculations  found  in  Sir 
James  Prior's  volume  were  published  by  Malone, 
it  is  fair  to  assume  that  he  left  the  others  un- 
published, because  he  found  them,  as  in  truth 
they  are,  worthless,  and  in  many  instances  ab- 
surd. Malone,  therefore,  is  not  responsible,  but 
his  biographer. 


2"d  S.  IX.  MAY  12.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


In  proof  of  what  I  say,  I  refer  to  p.  445.,  where 
we  are  told  that  after  long  endeavour  to  deter- 
mine the  exact  time  of  the  quarrel  between  Pope 
and  Lady  M.  W.  Montagu,  circumstances  fix  it 
between  1717  and  June,  1719,  when  Addison  died. 
Sir  James  Prior  had  of  course  only  to  refer  to 
Pope's  published  correspondence,  of  which  there 
have  been  half  a  dozen  editions  in  the  last  half 
century,  and  he  would  have  found  the  most 
friendly  and  flattering  letters  passing  between 
them  as  late  as  Sept.  15,  1721.  Again  (p.  437.) 
I  we  are  told  that  the  imagery  of  the  Messiah  was 
I  derived  from  an  old  fabulous  story  relative  to  the 

celebrated  cliff  at the  seat  of  Mr.  Wortley 

Montagu  in  Yorkshire.  Now  the  Messiah  was 
published  in  May,  1712,  more  than  two  years,  I 
believe,  before  Pope  knew  either  Mr.  Wortley  or 
Lady  Mary  ;  and  there  is  no  evidence  leading  to 
the  inference  that  Pope  ever  was  at  Mr.  Wort- 
ley's  estate  in  Yorkshire,  which  indeed  was  not 
Mr.  Wortley's  until  after  the  death  of  his  father 
about  1728. 

In  reference  to  Wycherley's  well-known  mar- 
riage a  few  days  before  his  death,  we  are  told 
(p.  453.)  that  he  settled  on  his  wife  "  a  jointure 
of  1000/.  per  annum;"  while  in  the  very  next 
page  it  is  written  that  Wycherley's  whole  estate 
"  was  600Z.  per  annum." 

Malone  may  be  excused  for  the  following  ;  but 
how  is  Sir  James  Prior  to  be  excused  for  pro- 
ducing it  in  1860  ?  — 

"  None  of  the  biographers  have  told  us  whether  Mrs. 
Racket  was  the  daughter  of  Pope's  father  by  a  former 
wife,  or  the  daughter  of  his  mother  by  a  former  husband, 
or  the  wife  of  one  who  was  the  son  of  either  his  father  or 
mother.  I  believe  she  was  the  wife  of  Pope's  half- 
brother  ;  for  I  saw  her  once  about  the  year  1760,  and  she 
seemed  not  to  be  above  sixty  years  old." 

Who  Mrs.  Racket  was,  was  decided  long  since 
in  the  Athenceum ;  and  as  to  Malone  seeing  her 
in  1760,  it  was  shown  in  the  same  journal  that 
she  died  in  1747  or  8,  and  that  her  will  was  proved 
in  1748. 

We  have  also  six  whole  pages  of  argument  to 
show  that  Samuel  Dyer  was  Junius.  Here,  again, 
Malone  was  to  be  excused:  but  what  excuse 
could  any  one  have  for  reproducing  it  since  1812, 
when  it  was  shown  by  the  publication  of  the  pri- 
vate letters  that  Junius  was  in  communication 
with  Woodfall  as  late  as  January,  1773,  fifteen 
months  after  Dyer  was  dead  ? 

I  send  these  as  a  mere  sample ;  I  could  fill  a 
whole  number  of  "  N.  &  Q."  with  like  nonsense. 

M.  Y.  C. 

CIMEX  LECTULARIUS  (2**  S.  v.  87.) : 

BUGS  (2nd  S.  vii.  4G4.) :  BUG  (2^  S.  ix.  261/314.) 

I  do  not  know  the  character  of  Mouffet's  book, 

nor  whether  it  has  engravings  of  the  animals  and 

insects.    I  think  it  not  unlikely  that  some  other 


malodorus  vermin,  and  not  our  modern  bug,  may 
have  frightened  the  two  noblemen.  The  lady- 
bird, though  pretty  to  look  at,  has  a  similar  smell 
when  crushed. 

Southall,  writing  in  1730,  says  that  bugs  have 
been  known  in  England  about  sixty  years  ;  and 
the  writer  of  the  article  ENTOMOLOGY,  Encyclop. 
Britannica,  ix.  163.,  states  that,  "it  is  believed 
that  they  were  unknown  in  London  previous  to 
the  great  fire  of  1666,  after  which  calamity  they 
were  transported  thither  in  wood  brought  from 
America."  If  known  here  in  1503,  what  was  the 
English  name?  Other  "familiar  beasts"  are  freely 
mentioned  by  the  older  dramatists,  who  would  not 
have  been  restrained  by  delicacy  from  using  it. 

Bug  had  a  very  different  meaning  in  the  fifteenth 
and  in  the  early  part  of  the  sixteenth  centuries,  as 
may  be  seen  in  passages  already  cited  in  "  N.  & 
Q."  Allow  me  to  add,  that  in  The  Spanish  Tra- 
gedy, 1603,  Revenge  says:  — 

"  This  hand  shall  hale  them  down  to  deepest  hell, 
Where  none  but  furies,  bugs,  and  tortures  dwell." 

Had  the  audience  been  acquainted  with  the 
Cimex  lectularius  by  that  name  they  would  have 
laughed  or  hissed,  and  there  is  no  intended  bur- 
lesque in  The  Spanish  Tragedy. 

In  a  note  on  the  above  passage,  Select  Collection 
of  Old  Plays,  iii.  201.,  is:—, 

"  Nay,  then,  let's  go  to  sleep ;  when  bugs  and  fenes 
Shall  kill  our  courage  with  their  fancies  work." 

Arden  of  Feversham. 

Sleeping  with  the  cimex  would  been  farce. 
And:  — 

"  And  in  their  place  came  fearful  bugges 

As  black  as  any  pitche ; 
With  bellies  big  and  swagging  dugges, 
More  loathsome  than  a  witch." 

Churchyard's  Challenge,  p.  180. 
They  were  unlike  the  cimex. 
I  should  like  to  know  when  the  word  bug  was 
first  applied  to  the  punaise.    I  offer,  as  a  mere 
conjecture,  that  on  the  appearance  of  a  new  in- 
sect, known   to  be   offensive  and  feared  as  ve- 
nomous,   a  generic   name   of  terror   was   given, 
which  soon  became  identified  With  the   species, 
and  unfit  for  tragedy  or  heroics. 

"  Cimex,  Kdpts,  *A$i9.  The  chinch,  wall-louse,  wood- 
louse,  or  buggs.  Those  that  haunt  beds  are  here  meant : 
they  are  flat,  red,  and  stinking,  and  suck  man's  blood  gree- 
dily. Pliny  saith  they  are  good  against  all  poisons  and  the 
bitiugs  of  serpents."  —  Salmon's  New  London  Dispensa- 
tory, p.  259.,  Lond.  1702. 

The  above  is  the  sixth  edition.  The  "  Impri- 
matur" is  dated  Mart.  2, 1676,  only  ten  years  after 
the  great  fire. 

Salmon's  description  of  the  insect  is  clear.  I  do 
not  know  whether  any  ancient  entomologist  has 
described  the  K<fyuy,  or  cimex,  so  that  we  can  iden- 
tify it  with  the  punaise.  The  cimex  is  noticed  as 
a  frequenter  of  beds  by  Catullus,  xxiii.  2,,  and 


370 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  MAY  12. 


Martial,  xi.  32.,  but  nothing  is  said  of  his  qua- 
lities. In  the  Rana,  Bacchus,  among  other  ad- 
vantages which  he  expects  from  going  to  Hades 
disguised  as  Hercules,  mentions  :  — 

"  HoAeis,  Sicuras,  iravSoKevrpCas,  oirou 
Kopec;  oAi-yacToi." — V.  114. 

And  in  the  Nubes,  v.  G99.  et  seq.,  Strepsiades, 
though  complaining  bitterly  of  the  bites,  says  no- 
thing of  the  smell.  FITZHOPKINS. 
Garrick  Club. 


FLAMBARD  BRASS  AT  HARROW. 

(2nd  S.  ix.  179.  286.) 

Although  the  inscription  forms  two  hexameters 
I  would  arrange  it  thus  :  — • 


;  Jon 


Medo  }  marmore  Numinis  ordine 


Flam      Tumulatur 
bard       quoque  verbere  Stigis 
E         funere  hie  tueatur ; " 

and  translate  it :  — 

"  John  Flarabard  E(ques)  is  now,  by  God's  decree,  in 
marble  buried,  and  from  the  pains  of  Styx  may  he  in 
death  be  guarded ! "  • 

Or  thus :  — 

«  John  Flambard  E(ques) 
Now  underneath  this  marble  lies 
By  Deity's  decree ; 
And  from  the  punishment  of  hell 
In  death  may  he  be  free ! " 

There  seems  no  reason  to  question  that  modo, 
and  not  rnedo,  is  correct ;  but  funere  may  mean 
either  death  or  funeral  rites.  The  protection 
must  be  from  the  stroke  of  Styx,  whatever  that 
means,  and  not  by  it,  except  quite  another  point- 
ing is  adopted,  joining  quoque  verbere  Stigis  to  the 
first  line,  and  rendering,  somewhat  in  inverted 
order,  — 

"  Now  by  God's  decree  and  the  stroke  of  Styx,  John 
Flambard  E.  is  entombed  by  the  marble :  in  death  (or  by 
funeral  honours)  may  he  be  defended ! " 

The  E.  cannot  be  translated,  and  clearly  be- 
longs to  the  name  of  the  deceased,  and  will  of 
course  mean  Eques.  The  entire  affair  is  fanciful, 
and  the  arrangement  was  made  so  bizarre  merely 
in  order  to  complete  the  two  hexameters. 

REV.  JOHN  WILLIAMS  makes  some  of  the  sug- 
gestions here  adopted;  but  I  cannot  think  with 
him  that  hie  tueatur  means  "may  He  defend," 
since  tueor  is  not  only  a  deponent  but  a  passive 
verb.  I  admit  it  may  be  translated  either  way, 
but  prefer  the  one  above  given.  Styx,  Stygis,  is 
one  of  those  pagan  words  which  our  ancestors 
pressed  into  the  service  of  Christianity,  and  mani- 
festly has  the  general  meaning  here  of  suffering  in 
the  other  world.  "  May  John  Flambard,  Knight, 
be  preserved  from  suffering  in  the  other  world  ! " 
to  which  doubtless  every  good  Catholic  will  say 
"Amen!"  B.  II.  C. 


I  think  that  neither  of  your  correspondents  has 
rightly  made  out  the  puzzling  inscription  on  this 
brass.  First,  let  me  repeat  it :  — 

/'  Jon  me  do  marmore  Numinis  ordine  flam  tum'lat' 
Bard  q°J  verbere  stigis  E  fun'e  hie  tueatur." 

My  old  and  learned  friend  CANON  WILLIAMS 
appears  to  have  been  enticed  too  far  by  his  in- 
genious speculations.  It  is  too  bold  a  stroke  to 
substitute  mo  for  me ;  for  when  we  recollect  how 
the  word  me  is  always  written  in  such  legends,  we 
cannot  reasonably  suppose  that  the  letter  o  has 
been  mistaken  for  an  e.  I  should  be  very  thank- 
ful to  be  allowed  to  see  a  rubbing  of  the  inscrip- 
tion, having  more  than  once  been  able  to  settle 
disputes  of  this  kind  by  seeing  the  original.  How- 
ever, I  do  not  expect  to  prove  an  OEdipus,  to 
"  clear  up  the  enigma  beyond  cavil ; "  but  I  will 
hazard  an  interpretation  which  to  me  appears 
natural  and  satisfactory. 

I  adhere,  then,  to  the  reading  me  do,  and  con- 
sider it  to  mean,  "  I  give  myself  up,  or  submit  to 
the  divine  decree,  which  consigns  me  to  the  tomb." 
In  the  second  line,  the  second  word  is  undoubt- 
edly quoque :  I  am  too  familiar  with  contractions 
on  brasses  to  doubt  that  for  a  moment.  The 
letter, E,  I  take  to  stand  for  et:  for,  if  I  am  not 
mistaken,  I  have  seen  other  instances  of  the  same. 
The  following,  then,  is  my  interpretation :  — 

Jon  me  do 

(I)  John  resign  myself 

marmore  Numinis  ordine  flam  tum'lat'  bard  q°*$ 

in  marble  by  God's  decree  is  buried  Flam  and  Bard 

verbere  stigis  E  fune1  hie  tueatur 
may  he  (God)  preserve  (him)  from  the  punishment 
and  burial  of  hell. 

It  is  worth  noticing  how  the  jingle  of  rhymes  is 
kept  up  in  both  lines  : 

Jon  me 
do  marmore 
Numinis  ordine 

flam  tumulatur 
Bard  quoque 
vulnere 
Stigis  e  funera 


hie  tueatur. 


F.  C.  H. 


INTERNAL  ARRANGEMENT  OF  CHURCHES. 
(2nd  S.  iv.  226.) 

While  looking  over  some  back  volumes  of  "  N. 
&  Q."  I  met  with  an  article  on  this  subject,  in 
which  the  writer  considers  that  seats  for  the  laity 
do  not  appear  to  have  been  contemplated  by  the 
builders  of  our  Gothic  edifices,  but  to  have  been 
added  in  later  times.  I  am  inclined  to  think  the 
idea  a  correct  one ;  but,  though  the  writer  asks  for 
the  opinion  of  others,  I  am  sorry  to  find  it  has  not 
been  taken  up  by  any  of  your  correspondents  as 
I  could  have  hoped  it  would  have  been. 


2"*  S.  IX.  MAY  12.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


371 


There  is  another  branch  of  the  subject  on 
which  I  should  feel  greatly  obliged  if  some  of 
your  readers  would  investigate,  that  has  not,  I 
think,  been  distinctly  alluded  to  in  your  pages. 
There  still  remain  a  few,  and  a  very  few,  churches 
where  the  arrangement  of  the  chancel  for  the 
celebration  of  the  sacrament  is  according  to  the 
views  of  the  Puritans  in  the  early  times  of  the 
Reformation. 

Brandon,  in  his  Glossary  of  Terms  used  in  Archi- 
tecture, says  :  — 

"  During  the  period  of  the  triumph  of  the  Puritans 
under  Cromwell,  the  Communion  Table  was  placed  in  the 
middle  of  the  chancel,  with  seats  all  round  it  for  the 
communicants ;  at  the  Restoration  it  seems  to  have  been 
almost  universally  replaced  in  its  original  position,  but 
in  a  few  rare  instances  the  Puritan  arrangement  was 
suffered  to  remain,  as  at  Deerhurst,  Gloucestershire; 
Langley  Chapel,  near  Acton-Burnel,  Shropshire;  Shil- 
lingford,  Bucks,  &c. 

"  In  Jersey  this  puritanical  position  of  the  table  is  still 
very  common." 

I  have  been  told  that  Winchcombe  and  Hayles, 
both  in  Gloucestershire,  may  be  added  to  the 
above  list,  and  .perhaps  some  of  your  correspon- 
dents may  know  of  others,  and  may  be  also  able 
to  inform  me  of  the  present  state  of  the  foregoing, 
and  what  dates  there  may  be  on  them  or  can  be 
assigned  ;  the  date  may  perhaps  show  that  Bran- 
don attributes  more  to  Cromwell  than  facts  will 
warrant.  I  am  also  desirous  of  information  re- 
specting the  style  and  date  of  old  wooden  pulpits. 
I  fear  these  remains  of  the  period  of  the  Reforma- 
tion are  fast  disappearing,  under  the  present  de- 
sire for  Gothic  restoration. 

Several  of  your  correspondents  mention  the  use 
of  linen  hangings  on  the  altar-rail  in  various 
churches.  This  practice  is  no  doubt  a  remnant  of 
the  endeavours  of  the  early  reformers  to  make  the 
sacrament  resemble  the  Lord's  Supper  as  closely 
as  possible.  A.  D. 


DR.  THOMAS  COMBER. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  307.) 

I  trust  I  shall  not  seem  wanting  in  piety  to  the 
memory  •  of  the  writer  of  the  Memoirs  of  Dean 
Comber  (quoted  by  the  editor,  u.  s.),  if  I  state 
my  conviction,  that  the  "  family  tradition  "  there 
alluded  to  is  worth  no  more  than  hundreds  of 
similar  traditions,  by  which  as  many  families  are 
referred  to  imaginary  ancestors,  who  "  came  over 
with  the  Conqueror."  The  Dean  himself  was 
fond  of  genealogy  ;  and  in  a  pedigree  in  his  auto- 
graph, of  which  a  copy  is  now  lying  before  me, 
the  earliest  recorded  ancestor  is ;  —  "  Ricardus  de 
Combre,  Generosus  in  Rotulis  Turns  Londinensis, 
temp.  Henrici  Sexti.  (I  have  long  wished  to  verify 
this  reference ;  how  can  I  do  so  ?)  Mr.  M.  A. 
Lower  is  doubtless  correct  in  stilting  that  the 
name  Comber,  as  well  as  Camber  and  Kempster, 


is  "  synonymous  with  Coomber,  a  wool-comber." 
(English  Surnames,  3rd  ed.  vol.  i.  p.  110.)  The 
"  family  tradition  "  farther  asserts  that  this  Nor- 
man De  Combre,  on  coming  to  England,  married 
Ilda,  the  sister  of  Edgar,  son  of  King  Harold. 
And  the  assumed  fact  that  this  "  British  Prin- 
cess" was  patriotic  enough  to  remain  with  her 
countrymen  within  the  walls  of  York,  while  her 
husband  was  amongst  the  besiegers  of  that  city, 
in  A.D.  1070,  forms  the  subject  of  an  historical 
drama,  entitled  Waltheof;  or,  the  Siege  of  York 
(York,  1832),  "  by  a  Descendant  of  one  of  the 
Dramatis  Personae  "  (viz.  by  the  author  of  the 
Memoirs  of  Dean  Comber).  I  may  add,  that  the 
baptismal  name  Ilda  is  borne  by  one  of  the  ladies 
of  the  family  in  the  present  generation.  Query : 
had  Harold  a  daughter  of  this  name  ?  The  Rev. 
W.  L.  Bowles  says,  in  the  "  Illustrations  from 
Speed,"  appended  to  The  Grave  of  the  Last  Saxon, 
that  "  a  daughter,  whose  name  is  not  known  " 
(and  whom  in  the  poem  he  calls  Adda),  "  left 
England  with  her  brothers,  and  sought  refuge 
with  them  in  Denmark.  Speed  quotes  Saxo 
Grammaticus,  who  says,  *  She  afterwards  married 
Waldemar,  King  of  Russia.' " 

I  may  be  allowed  to  rectify  one  or  two  inac- 
curacies in  the  Editorial  Reply.  The  Dean  of 
Durham,  though  related  to,  was  not  descended 
from  the  Combers  of  Shermanbury.  William,  the 
purchaser  of  that  manor  in  1542,  was  the  elder 
brother  of  John  Comber,  of  Barkham,  co.  Sussex ; 
which  John  was  the  greatf-grectf-grandfather  of  the 
Dean.  The  John  Comber  of  Shermanbury,  to 
whom  the  grant  of  arms  was  made,  was  the  son 
of  the  above-named  William  ;  and  was  not,  there- 
fore, in  strictness  of  speech,  "  one  of  the  Dean's 
ancestors."  The  blazon  of  the  arms  given  in  the 
Memoirs  aforesaid,  and  thence  transferred  to 
"  N.  &  Q."  by  the  Editor,  is  unaccountably  er- 
roneous. From  a  copy  of  the  original  grant 
(made  by  Robert  Cooke,  Clarencieux,  under  date 
16  June,  1571),  I  transcribe  the  following,  viz. : — 

"  Golde,  a  Fesse  Daunce  Gules,  between  three  Starres 
Sables;  and  to  his  Creaste,  upon  his  Heaulme,  on  a 
Wreathe  Golde  and  Sables,  a  Lynxe's  Heade,  Coupe, 
Golde  Pellate,  manteled  Gules,  doubled  Argent." 

And  these  are  the  arms  borne  by  the  Dean,  and 
by  all  branches  of  the  family  at  the  present  day. 
The  Shermanbury  branch  is  extinct,  in  the  direct 
male  line.  ACHE. 


HERALDIC  ENGRAVING. 
(2ndS.ix.  110.203.  333.) 

Taille  douce  certainly  means  nothing  more  than 
engraving,  and  is  no  more  concerned  with  heraldic 
dots  and  lines  than  with  any  other  things  capable 
of  delineation  on  metal  for  stamping. 

Pierre  Richelet,  in  his  famous  Dictionnaire  de 
la  Langue  Franqoise,  Ancienne  et  Moderne,  Am- 


372 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


<J  S.  IX.  MAY  12.  '60. 


sterdam,  1732,  says,  "  Taille-douce,  s.  f.  (scalpro 
mollius  imago  expressa),  Estampe  ou  imago  gravce 
sur  une  planche  de  cuivre  ;"  and  gives  examples. 
It  seems  hardly  worth  while  to  say  any  more 
about  this. 

But  the  question  what  is  the  date,  and  who  is 
the  inventor,  of  the  dots  and  lines  used  in  heral- 
dic engraving,  does  deserve  attention,  and  may,  I 
think,  be  at  once  answered. 

The  true  way  of  putting  the  question  seems  to 
me  to  be  this.  When,  and  by  whom,  was  the  in- 
tention to  employ  dots  and  lines  first  announced  ? 
Unless  it  can  be  shown  that  there  was  a  formal 
announcement  of  an  intention  to  use  dots  and 
lines  for  gold  and  colours,  before  the  date  which 
has  been  already  assigned  as  the  date  of  the  in- 
vention, I  think  it  only  fair  and  true  to  consider 
the  occurrence  of  lines  which,  after  the  invention, 
would  have  indicated  tinctures,  as  simply  for- 
tuitous; as,  for  example,  in  Weever.  In  the 
English  edition  of  The  Theater  of  Honour  and 
Knighthood,  "  written  in  French  by  Andrew  Fa- 
vine,  Parisian,"  printed  in  London,  1623,  are 
numerous  shields  in  which  lines  are  freely  used, 
but  quite  at  random,  and  evidently  with  the  sole 
intention  of  giving  some  artistic  effect  to  the 
bearings ;  ex.  gr.t  in  the  shield  of  England,  1  and 
4  are  France,  with  the  lines  afterwards  used  for 
azure,  and  so,  right ;  but  2  and  3  are  England, 
with  the  lines  afterwards  used  for  Purpure.  Dots 
for  gold  were  never,  as  far  as  I  know,  used  till  the 
date  which  I  am  going  to  assign. 

Father  Silvester  Petrasancta  published  his  in- 
vention four  years  before  the  publication  of  his 
Tesserae  Gentilities.  He  published  at  the  Planti- 
nian  Press  at  Antwerp,  with  a  title-pagq  designed 
by  Rubens,  in  1634,  a  work  with  this  title,  De 
Symbolis  Heroicis  Libri  IX.,  "  avctore  Silvestro 
Petrasancta  Romano  e  Soc.  Jesv."  In  the  seventh 
book,  at  p.  313.,  he  says, — 

"Prseterea,  qua?  in  serea  lamina  incides,  ea  referent 
colores  proprios  saltern,  certo  ductu  linearum,  si  figura 
arte  fiat.  Schema  oculis  subjicio." 

He  gives  it  on  p.  314. :  — 

"Pars  punctjm  incisa  colorem  aureum  seu  croceum; 
pars  scalpro  intacta  colorem  argenteum  seu  album ;  pars 
quse  finditur  lineolis  transversis  cyaneum ;  pars  qua*  li- 
neolis obliquis  seu  pronis  asperatur  prasinum;  et  qua? 
mutiiis  lineolis  quasi  clathris  inurabratur  atrum  seu  ni- 
grum  reprsesentat." 

Then  immediately  follows  this  curious  remark  : 

"  Sive  autem  hoc  exiget  natura  colorum,  qui  diversa 
quadam  lege  vibrent  jubar  luminis  sui,  sive  sculptoribus 
ponere  hoc  discrimen  lubuerit;  dicuntur  Pictores  periti 
semper  in  ajrea  lamina  proprios  colores  rerum  agnoscere, 
dummodb  sculptor  ab  artis  suse  legibus  non  desciverit. 
Quse  cum  ita  sint,  tanto  minus  erit  necesse,<figuras,  quan- 
tumvis  colorum  indigas,  ab  Heroicis  symbolis  propterea 
submovere." 

That  is  to  say,  an  opinion  having  prevailed  that 
engravers  could  render  the  colours  of  painters  by 


their  lines  made  on  copper,  Fr.  Silv.  Petrasancta 
steps  in  and  claims  certain  dots  and  certain 
straight  lines  as  indicating  for  all  future  time  cer- 
tain tinctures;  an  enterprise  in  which,  to  our 
great  convenience,  he  completely  succeeded. 

My  apology  for  troubling  "  N.  &  Q."  so  much 
at  length  must  be  the  interest  attached  to  the 
subject,  D.  P. 

Stuart's  Lodge,  Malvern  Wells. 


MILLB  JUGERA  (2nd  S.  ix.  324,)  —  The  line 

"  Arat  Falerni  mille  fundi  jugera," 
is  in  the  4th  Epode  In  Menam.     That  Horace 
used  mille  as  a  definite  for  an  indefinite  number 
is  clear  from  his  Satire  I.  i.  50. :  — 

"  Jugera  centum,  an 
Mille  aret." 

"  Whether  he  cultivate  a  hundred  or  a  thousand 
acres."  The  jugum  was  80x40  =  3200  square 
yards ;  100  jugera  would  be  66  acres,  and  1000 
would  be  661  acres.  The  territory  of  the  city  of 
Rome  (!'  Agro  Romano)  contains,  according  to 
Nicolai,  111,400  rubbi  =  27,850  acres,  of  which 
one-half  is  arable  (Penny  Cyc.  vi.  199.).  From  the 
words  of  Cicero,  speaking  of  the  Campagna, 
ager,  ut  dena  jugera  sint,  non  amplius  quinque 
millia  potest  sustinere"  (ad  Alt.  ii.  16.),  it  ap- 
pears that  its  area  was  (6-^x5000=)  33,050 
acres.  Other  instances  of  the  use  of  mille  as  an 
indefinite  number  by  Virgil,  Caesar,  Catullus,  &c. 
may  be  found  in  any  good  Latin  Lexicon.  Be- 
fore the  word  million  was  invented,  the  wor 
thousand  expressed,  not  merely  100x10,  but  any 
large  number,  as  is  shown  in  many  languages. 
Ignorance  of  this  is  the  origin  of  the  millenarian 
heresy.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 

"  Quid  referat  intra 

Naturae  fines  viventi,  jugera  centum,  an 
Mille  ai-Qt?" 

The  above  quotation  (from  Horace,  1.  Sat.  1.) 
will  probably  corroborate  your  correspondent's  (i 
it  does  my  own)  impression,  that  1000  jugera  we 
the  "  Roman  ideal  of  a  large  estate." 

It  is  well  known  that  Licinius  Stolo  was  pun- 
ished (B.C.  356.)  for  transgressing  his  own  law, 
"  ne  quig  plus  quingenta  jugera  agri  possideret." 
Aurelius  Victor  says  (cap.  xxxiii.  6.)  that  Curit" 
Dentatus  "  quaterna  dena  agri  jugera  viritim 
pulo  divisit.  Sibi  deinde  totidem  constituit,  dicens, 
neminem  esse  debere  cui  non  tantuni  sufficeret." 

G.  M.  G. 

HALE  THE  PIPER  (2"a  S.  ix.  306.)— The  lines 
under  the  portrait  of  Hale,  the  Derbyshire  piper, 
will  be  found  in  Popular  Music  of  the  Olden  Time, 
vol.  ii.  p.  545.,  and  a  part  of  the  hornpipe  (enough 
to  prove  that  it  is  unsuited  for  words)  at  p.  741. 
of  the  same.  A  copy  of  the  original  engraving, 


a  IX  MAY  12.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


373 


by  Sutton  Nicholls,  is  in  the  possession  of  Mr. 
George  Daniel  of  Canonbury,  and  the  hornpipe  is 
printed  as  "The  Famous  Darbysheire  Hornpipe" 
in  — 

"  An  Extraordinary  Collection  of  Pleasant  and  Merry 
Humours,  containing  Hornpipes,  Jiggs,  North-Country 
Frisks,  Morrises,  Bagpipe-Hornpipes,  and  Rounds,  with 
severall  additional  Fancies  added:  fit  for  all  that  play 
[in]  publick."  [1713.] 

A  copy  of  this  book  is  in  the  British  Museum. 
The  lines  are  — 

."Before  three  monarchs  I  my  skill  did  prove, 
Of  many  lords  and  knights  I  had  the  love; 
There's  no  musician  e'er  did  know  the  peer 
Of  HALE  THE  PIPER,  in  fair  Darby-shire." 

WILLIAM  CHAPPELL. 

BLACK-GUARD  (1st  S.  passim.)—  In  an  old 
French  dictionary*,  I  find  the  following  explana- 
tion given  oflhis  term :  — - 

"  On  appelle  ainsi  de  jeunes  gueux  qui  servent  dans  un 
corps-de-garde,  les  goujats." 

What  authority  is  there  for  this  statement  ?  If 
correct,  is  it  not  the  origin  of  our  present  word 
blackguard  ?  T.  LAMPRAY. 

EDGAR  FAMILY  (2nd  S.  ix.  334.)  — Youi;  corre- 
spondent is  decidedly  wrong  in  writing  of  "Edgar 
of  Keithock  and  Wedderlie."  The  families  were 
quite  distinct :  they  existed  contemporaneously, 
one  in  Forfarshire,  the  other  in  the  county  of 
Berwick ;  and  they  do  not  appear  to  have  held 
any  communication  with  each  other. 

Wedderlie  is  in  Berwickshire  ;  and  the  Edgars 
of  Wedderlie  claimed  descent  from  Edgar,  second 
son  of  Cospateich,  second  Earl  of  D  unbar,  and 
from  Richard  Edgar,  who,  in  the  thirteenth  cen- 
tury, married  the  eldest  daughter  and  coheiress 
of  Robert  de  Roos,  Lord  of  Sanquhar  ;  and  they 
carried  for  arms  the  lion  argent  of  Dunbar,  quar- 
tered with  three  water  budgets  for  De  Roos;  they 
had  greyhounds  for  supporters ;  a  dexter  hand 
holding  a  dagger  point  downwards  for  crest ;  and 
their  motto  was  "  Maun  do  it."  (See  Douglas's 
Peerage  and  Nisbet's  Heraldry.)  The  Edgars 
continued  to  possess  Wedderlie  till  the  middle  of 
the  eighteenth  century,  when  the  remnant  of  their 
once  extensive  estate  passed  to  Lord  Blantyre. 
The  only  male  descendant  of  the  last  proprietors 
was  the  late  Rear-Admiral  Alexander  Edgar, 
who  left  an  only  daughter  and  only  child,  Maria 
Bethia  Edgar.  This  lady,  who  was  twice  mar- 
ried,—  Istly,  to  Captain  Campbell,  R.N.,  and, 
2udly,  to  Dr.  Tait,  —  died  at  Boulogne  in  the 
spring  of  1856.  There  were  several  branches  of 
the  Wedderlie  family  in  Berwickshire,  who  may, 
or  may  not,  be  extinct, — as  Edgar  of  Westenther  ; 
Edgar  of  Evelaw,  whose  tower  I  have  seen  stand- 
ing in  ruins,  but  of  whose  representatives  I  can  give 

[*  Qu.,  Whose,  and  of  what  date?  —  ED.] 


no  account ;  and  Edgar  of  Newtounde  Birgham, 
which  was  acquired  in  the  seventeenth  century 
by  Richard  Edgar  (son  of  Oliver  Edgar,  a  cadet 
of  Wedderlie,  by  Margaret,  daughter  of  George 
Pringle  of  Torwoodlee),  and  which  remained  in 
possession  of  his  descendants  till  1808.  Of  this 
family  the  representative,  I  believe,  was  the  Rev. 
John  Edgar,  of  Hutton,  Berwickshire,  who  died  a 
few  years  ago. 

Keithock  is,  I  think,  in  Forfarshire  ;  and  look- 
ing at  the,  armorial  bearings  of  the  Edgars  of 
Keithock  (viz.  a  lion  rampant  between  a  garb  in 
chief  and  a  writing  pen  in  base ;  crest,  a  dagger 
crossed  with  a  quill  ;  motto,  "  Potius  ingenio 
quam  vi"),  I  think*  it  highly  probable,  indeed, 
that  the  family  was  founded  by  a  cadet  of  Wed- 
derlie. But  I  must  observe  that  Nisbet  does  not 
say  so  when  he  mentions  the  armorial  bearings,  as 
I  cannot  help  thinking  he  would  assuredly  have 
done,  if  either  he  or  his  friend  "the  Laird  of 
Wedderlie,"  to  whom  he  alludes  in  his  valuable 
work,  had  known  such  to  be  the  case.  I  have 
heard  that  this  family  (to  which  belonged  Mr. 
Edgar,  secretary  to  the  Chevalier),  after  remov- 
ing from  the  neighbourhood  of  Glasgow,*  went  to 
the  Isle  of  Man,  and  thence  to  America,  but  for 
the  truth  of  this  I  cannot  vouch.  It  is  certain, 
however  (and  a  glance  at  Nisbet  will  convince 
anyone),  that  the  families  of  WedderUe  and 
Keithock  were  quite  distinct,  and  that  no  Scot^ 
tish  genealogist  would  fail  to  perceive  your  cor- 
respondent's error  in  writing  of  "  the  family  of 
Edgar  of  Keithock  and  Wedderlie."  :  C.  W. 

HYMNS  (2nd  .8.  ix.  234.314.)  —  MR.  SEDGWICK 
states  positively  that  "  the  tune  called  Olivers  was 
composed  by  Thomas  Olivers  between  tlis  years 
1762  and  1770,"  and  refers  to  Creamer  and  Ste- 
vens as  authorities.  Stevens  I  have  not  seen. 
Creamer's  statement  is  founded  on  the  following 
by  the  Rev.  Thos.  Jackson  :  — 

"  Memoirs  of  the  Eev.  Charles  Wesley,  M.A.,  abridged 
edition  (p.  360.) : 

"  The  fine  melody,  entitled  '  HeJmsley,'  and  adapted  to 
the  hymn '  Lo  he  co"mes  with  clouds  descending,'  was  com- 
posed by  him  (Olivers)." 

Again : 

"  Lives  of  Early  Methodist  Preachers  (vol.  i,  p.,  166.)  : 
"  He  (Olivers)  also  wrote  a  hymn  on  the  lapt  judgment, 
consisting  of  several  stanzas  which  he  set  to  music  him- 
self." 

I  find,  on  comparison,  that  the  "Olivers"  of 
Wesley's  Sacred  Harmony,  and  the  "Helmsley" 
of  modern  Psalm  Books,  are  the  same  tune  in 
different  keys  ;  and  that  "  Helmsley  "  is  uniformly 
attributed  to  the  Rev.  Martin  Madan,  and  is  to 
be  found,  I  understand,  in  the  Lock  Collection, 
1769. 

Would  MR,  SEDGWICK  have  the  kindness  to 
say  whether  the  title  of  Olivers'  hymn  is  "A 
Hymn  on  the  Last  Judgment  set  to  Music  by  the 


374 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  MAY  11 '60. 


Author,"  or  merely  "  A  Hymn  on  the  Last  Judg- 
ment ?" 

Perhaps  MR.  CHAPPELL,  who  first  proposed  the 
question  as  to  authorship  of  the  tune,  will  be  able 
to  answer  it  so  far  as  Madan  and  Helmsley  are 
concerned. 

As  MR.  SEDGWICK  has  announced  a  reprint  of 
Clivers's  Hymns,  with  Memoir,  it  would  be  well  if 
the  question  could  be  settled  at  once.  C.  D.  H. 

DRISHEENS  (2nd  S.  ix.  93.)  —  Your  correspon- 
dent MR.  REDMOND  is  informed  that  the  materials 
of  which  this  favourite  dish  is  compounded  are, 
the  serum  of  the  blood  of  sheep  mixed  with  milk 
and  seasoned  with  pepper,  salt,  and  tansy.  This 
is  sold  made  up  in  the  puddings  of  sheep  which 
have  been  purified  :  they  are  generally  about  a 
yard  long,  and  usually  served  hot  for  breakfast, 
and  eaten  with  drawn  butter,  and  red  or  black 
pepper  according  to  taste.  A  part  of  the  Cork 
market  is  exclusively  appropriated  for  the  sale  of 
drisheens,  tripes,  and  sheep's  trotters.  Drisheens 
were  formerly  quite  a  fashionable  dish,  and  were 
not  unfrequently  to  be  met  with  at  the  supper- 
table.  Mr.  Bryan  A.  Cody,  in  his  excellent  little 
work,  The  River  Lee,  Cork,  and  the  Corkonians, 
p.  118.,  says  :  — 

"  In  Fishamble  Lane,  some  of  the  choicest  spirits  of  the 
city,  as  well  as  its  merriest  roisterers,  held  jovial  suppers, 
seasoned  by  the  most  brilliant  wit  and  rare  scholarship. 
Here  Millikin,  Maginn,  Tolekin,  Boyle,  and  other  mem- 
bers of  the  Deipnosophists,  enjoyed  •  the  flow  of  soul,'  and 
pushed  their  revels  far  into  the  night.  Tolekin  has  cele- 
brated the  spot  in  a  song  full  of  racy  humour,  entitled 
•  Judy  M'Carthy,  of  Fishamble  Lane.'  It  was  famous  for 
its  oysters,  beefsteaks  and  drisheens,"  &c. 

The  verse  of  the  above-mentioned  song  having 
reference  to  our  subject,  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  They  may  rail  at  the  city  where  first  I  was  born, 
But  it's  there  they've  the  whiskey,  and  butter,  and  pork ; 
And  a  neat  little  spot  for  to  walk  in  each  morn  — 
They  call  it  Daunt's  Square,  and  the  city  is  Cork. 
The  square  has  two  sides — why  one  east  and  one  west, 
And  convenient's  the  region  of  frolic  and  spree, 
Where  salmon,  drisheens,  and  beef  steaks  are  cooked 

best: 
Och !  Fishamble's  the  Eden  for  you,  love,  and  me ! " 

R.  C. 
Cork. 

THE  SINEWS  OF  WAR  AND  THE  REV.  MR. 
STRUTHER  (2nd  S.  ix.  103.  228.)— An  old  in- 
stance of  this  phrase,  "  the  sinews  of  war,"  in  re- 
ference to  money,  is  used  by  a  Scotch  writer  in 
the  following  passage.  He  is  speaking  of  the 
conquests  of  the  Spaniards  in  South  America,  or, 
as  he  terms  it,  "  The  New  found  Land,"  p.  102.  :— 

"  But  it  (that  country)  did  soone  avenge  itselfe  on 
these  oppressours  by  insnaring  them  with  riches:  It 
furnished  to  Europe  the  instruments  of  sinne,  the  matter 
of  Avarice,  Lust,  and  Strife,  and  the  sinnewes  of  Warre. 
The  plate  of  siluer  and  Gold  that  came  from  it  is  nothing 
else  but  allurements  to  sinne,  and  wages  to  entertaine 
Warres  in  Europe  to  revenge  her  wrongs  done  to  America, 


and  so  the  pontring  (digging)  in  the  bowels  of  that 
land  for  money  is  recompensed  by  turning  Europe  in  a 
buriall  place."  (Christian  Observations  and  Resolvtions, 
II  Centurie,  Newlie  published  b}'  Mr.  William  Strvther, 
Preacher  of  the  Gospel  at  Edinbvrgh  —  Edinbvrgh  Printed 
by  the  Heires  of  Andro  Hart,  Anno  Dom.  1629,  18m°,  pp. 
668. 

This  quaintly  written  volume,  and  from  a  cele- 
brated press,  is  dedicated  to  "  the  Right  Noble  and 
Potent  Earle,  John  Earle  of  Wigtoun,  Lord 
Fleyming,  Bigger,  Cumingshold,  &c.,  and  one  of 
his  Ma  most  honourable  priuie  Council,"  whose 
mother  was  "  that  truelie  Religious  Ladie  Dame 
Lillias  Grahame." 

The  author  appears  to  have  attended  at  her 
death-bed,  and  had  formerly  been  tutor  to  the 
earl  ("  in  directing  your  Lo.  Studies  "),  to  whom 
and  to  his  "religious  Ladie  and  numerous  chil- 
dren," he  wishes  preservation  "  from  all  the  wicked- 
nesse  of  this  dangerous  time,"  &c. 

Mr.  Struther,  in  his  "  Epistle  Dedicatorie," 
farther  affords  us  a  peep  into  the  religious  condi- 
tion of  some  of  the  domestic  establishments  of  the 
Scottish  nobility  in  the  olden  times  :  — 

"  What  a  griefe  is  it  (says  he)  to  see  the  neglect  of  Gods 
worshippe  in  many  Noble  Houses :  There  is  great  care  and 
prouision  for  the  backe  and  the  bellie,  but  nothing  for  the 
Soule.  Manie  Seruants,  great  seruice,  and  appointed  times, 
places,  and  dyets  for  bodilie  necessities,  but  none  of  all  these 
for  the  spirituall :  If  there  be  any  thing  of  that  sort  it  is  at 
Meale-time,  and  then  a  Page  is  called  up  from  swaggering 
in  the  Kitching,  or  strugling  in  the  Woman  house  to  play  the 
Leuite :  So  the  greatest  worke  of  the  House  is  committed 
to  him  that  hath  least  grace,"  &c. 

I  may  notice  that  in  looking  over  old  books 
there  are  often  found  dedications  to  public  per- 
sonages, containing  many  details  and  particulari- 
ties of  individual  and  family  history  now  quite 
obsolete  and  forgotten,  and,  as  a  source  of  infor- 
mation to  genealogists  and  others,  they  in  their 
own  sphere  ought  not,  I  think,  to  be  laid  aside. 
No  doubt  in  panegyric  they  are  generally  fulsome 
and  exaggerated,  but  taking  along  with  us  the 
spirit  and  character  of  the  age  in  which  they  were 
written,  and  as  near  as  possible  adjusting  the 
balance,  a  few  useful  hints  may  sometimes  be  ob- 
tained. 

May  I  inquire  whether  any  of  the  Edinburgh 
correspondents  of  "N.  &  Q."  have  made  the  ac- 
quaintance of  Mr.  Struther ;  and  if  so,  to  com- 
municate ?  G.  N. 

The  earliest  use  of  this  expression  in  English 
recorded  in  the  editorial  answer  to  this  Query  is 
copied  from  Boyer's  Diet  1702.  I  venture  to 
offer  two  extracts  of  earlier  date  in  which  this 
phrase  is  used. 

(a.)  From  The  Life  and  Death  of  the  Illustrious 
Robert  Earl  of  Essex,  by  R.  Codrington,  M.A. 
London,  1646  :  — 

"  Money  is  the  Sinew  of  War,  to  provide  themselves 
with  which  the  City  were  desired  to  bring  in  their  Plate 
to  make  it  Sterling  for  that  Service." 


2°a  s.  IX.  MAY  12.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


375 


(&.)  From  The  New  State  of  England.  London, 
1693 : — 

"The  Kingdom  besides  is  so  abundantly  furnished 
with  Men  and  Horses,  with  Provisions  and  Ammunition, 
and  Money  the  Sinews  of  War,  that  nothing,  &c."—  Part 
II.  p.  102. 

C.  LE  POER  KENNEDY. 

Koff. 

MR.  LYDE  BROWN  (2nd  S.  ix.  124.)— This  gen- 
tleman  was  a  director  of  tjie  Bank,  and  a  distin- 
guished collector  of  statues  and  other  monuments 
of  classical  antiquity.  A  catalogue  of  those  at 
his  house  at  Wimbledon  was  published  in  1768, 
at  which  time  he  was  F.A.S.,  having  been  elected 
in  1753.  Some  months  before  his  death,  he  sold 
a  collection  of  busts,  statues,  &c.  to  the  Empress 
of  Russia  for  22,OOOZ.  sterling.  A  house  in  St. 
Petersburg  was  recommended  to  him  by  a  mer- 
chant to  receive  the  money,  and  remit  it  to  him. 
He  received  10,000/.  in  bills  of  exchange ;  but 
the  remainder,  though  repeatedly  promised,  was 
never  forwarded.  At  last  news  reached  England 
that  the  house  in  St.  Petersburg  had  stopped 
payment,  which  had  such  an  effect  upon  Mr. 
Brown  that  he  never  recovered  the  shock.  On 
Sept.  10,  1787,  he  had  just  set  out  for  an  even- 
ing walk  from  his  house  in  Foster  Lane,  Cheap- 
side,  when  he  was  seized  with  an  apoplectic  fit, 
and  expired  immediately.  J.  Y. 

Mr.  Lyde  Brown  sold  his  valuable  collection  of 
antiquities  to  the  Empress  of  Russia.  He  died  at 
Wimbledon  in  1 787.  A  catalogue  of  his  statues 
was  published  the  same  year.  His  house,  which  was 
afterwards  Lord  Melville's,  and  then  in  the  occu- 
pation of  the  Earl  of  Aberdeen,  was  in  1811  in 
that  of  Lord  Lovaine.  See  Lysons's  Environs  of 
London,  1st  edition,  vol.  i.  p.  540. ;  vol.  iv.  p. 
617.  and  Supplement  (1811)  p.  96.  W.  H.  W.  T. 

Somerset  House. 

MY  EYE  BETTY  MARTIN  (2nd  S.  ix.  315.  355.)— 
If  M.  justly  grieves  "  to  see  '  N.  &  Q.'  transmit- 
ting to  posterity  incorrect  slang,"  I  may  be  per- 
mitted to  express  regret  that  M.  himself  leans 
to  the  silly  Joe  Miller  account  of  the  origin  of 
the  phrase.  I  do  not  pretend  to  give  its  real 
source,  but  I  do  protest  against  the  aforesaid 
legend  as  utterly  inconsistent,  and  devoid  of  all 
plausibility.  If  a  man  ever  did  hear  a  prayer  in 
a  foreign  church  beginning  with  "  O  mini  Beate 
Marline,"  which  is  utterly  improbable,  for  no 
such  public  formulary  exists,  and  persons  praying 
in  private  would  not  speak  aloud ;  but  supposing 
anyone  did  hear  such  words,  he  would  hear  them 
pronounced,  not  in  the  English  way,  but  sounding 
thus,  O  mehe  beatay  Martenay,  which  would 
never  convey  to  his  ear  the  least  approximation 
to  "  O  my  eye,  Betty  Martin."  It  may  be  very 
well  for  a  joke  ;  but  seriously  to  maintain  its  pro- 
bability is  really  too  absurd.  F.  C.  H. 


CHALKING  THE  DOORS  (2nd  S.  ix.  112.  273.)  — 
An  ancient  example  of  this  practice  is  given  in 
The  Life  and  Acts  of  Sir  William  Wallace,  by 
Henry  the  Minstrel,  edit.  4to.,  Edinburgh,  1820, 
edited  by  Dr.  Jamieson — Buke  Sewynd^  lines 
410-17.:  — 

"  Than  twenty  men  he  gert  fast  we  theis  draw, 
Ilk  man  a  pair,  and  on  thair  arme  thaim  threw; 
Than  to  the  toune  full  fast  thai  cuth  persew. 
The  woman  past  befor  thaim  suttelly ; 
Cawkit  ilk  yett,  that  thai  neid  nocht  gang  by, 
Than  festnyt  thai  with  wetheis  duris  fast,  " 
To  stapill  and  hesp,  with  mony  sekyr  cast." 

G.  N. 

"  EPISTOL^B  OBSCURORUM  VIRORUM"  (2nd  S.  vi. 
22.  41.)  —  Just  at  the  time  when  I  wrote  these 
Notes,  the  Epistolce  were  reprinted  at  Leipsic  by 
Teubner,  without  note  or  comment;  and  this 
edition,  which  is  very  prettily  printed,  can  now 
be  easily  procured.  The  editor  adds  a  short 
apology  for  reprinting  the  third  volume,  which  he 
says  first  appeared  as  late  as  1689.  Is  it  possible 
this  can  be  true  ?  Does  he  mean  1589  ? 

A.  DE  MORGAN. 

"JACK"  (2nd  S.  ix.  281.) — In  an  article  on 
"  The  National  Flags  of  England,"  in  the  Art 
Journal  for  December,  1859,  Mr.  Boutell  gives 
the  following  explanation  of  this  term :  — 

"  The  term  '  Union  Jack '  is  one  which  is  partly  of 
obvious  signification,  and  in  part  somewhat  perplexing. 
The  « Union '  between  England  and  Scotland,  to  which 
the  flag  owed  its  origin,  evidently  supplied  the  first  half 
of  the  compound  title  borne  by  the  flag  itself.  But  the 
expression  '  Jack  '.involves  some  difficulty.  Several  solu- 
tions of  this  difficulty  have  been  submitted ;  but,  with  a 
single  exception  only,  they  are  by  far  too  subtle  to  be  con- 
sidered satisfactory.  A  learned  and  judicious  antiquary 
has  recorded  it  as  his  opinion  that  the  flag  of  the  Union 
received  the  title  of  *  Union  Jack '  from  the  circumstance 
of  the  union  between  England  and  Scotland  having  taken 
place  in  the  reign  of  King  James,  by  whose  command 
the  new  flag  was  introduced.  The  name  of  the  King  in 
French,  *  Jaques,'  would  have  been  certainly  used  in 
heraldic  documents.  The  Union  flag  of  King  « Jaques ' 
would  very  naturally  be  called,  after  the  names  of  its 
royal  author,  Jaques'  Union,  or  Union  Jaques,  —  and  so 
by  a  simple  process,  we  arrive  at  Union  Jack.  This  sug- 
gestion of  the  late  Sir  Harris  Nicolas  may  be  accepted, 
I  think,  without  any  hesitation.  The  term  « Jack '  hav- 
ing once  been  recognised  as  the  title  of  a  flag,  it  is  easy 
enough  to  trace  its  application  to  several  flags." 

R.  F.  SKETCHLEY. 

EPITAPH  IN  MEMORY  or  A  SPANIARD  (2nd  S.  ix. 
324.  351.)  —With  reference  to  the  reading  pro- 
posed by  SIR  JOHN  SCOTT  LILLIE,  I  beg  leave  to 
suggest  that  the  name  is  obviously  "  Juan  Calvo 
de  Saavedra."  Both  of  these  apellidos  (surnames) 
are  common  (the  latter  being  one  of  those  borne 
by  the  immortal  author  of  Don  Quixotic}  ;  and 
Spaniards  are  perversely  apt  to  use  b  for  v,  and 
vice  versa.  In  sculptured  writing  d  is  generally 
chiselled  as  a  contraction  of  de.  C.  BOOTH. 

Montrose. 


376 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  IX.  MAY  12.  '60. 


HERALDIC-- QUERY  (2nd  S.  ix.  326.) — The  arms 
and  crest  described  by  J.  apparently  belong  to 
one  of  the  fcPllowing  families  :  — 

"  Dunch  (Little  Witnam,  co.  Berks).  Sa.  a  chev.  be- 
tween three  fx>wers  triple- towered  ar.  Crest.  Out  of  a 
ducal  coronet  or,  an  antelope's  head  az.  maned,  armed 
and  attired  of  the  first. 

"  Dunch  (co.  Berks).  Sa.  a  chev.  engr.  or  between 
three  towers  triple-towered  ar.  Crest.  A  derai  antelope 
az.  bezantee,  armed,  maned,  and  attired  or."  —  Burke's 
Armory. 

"Dunce  (Down  Ampney,  co.  Gloucester).  Arms  as 
Dunch  of  Little  Witnara.  Crest.  Out  of  a  crown  an  ante- 
lope's head,  all  ppr." 

A.  SHELLEY  ELLIS. 

FIELD  FAMILY  (2nd  S.  ix.  162.)  —  Arms  used 
by  the  Fields,  and  not  given  in  Burke's  Armory  : 
vert,  two  garbs  in  fess  ppr.  on  a  chief,  arg.  a  iion 
pass,  gules.  Quartering  arg.  a  fess  between  three 
hands  couped  ppr.  Crest :  a  demi  lion  pr.,  hold- 
ing a  garb  or.  Motto :  Decrevi.  J.  W. 

MASTERLY  INACTIVITY  (2nd  S.  viii.  225.)— -Con- 
fer. Hor.  Epist.  lib.  i.  xi.  28. :  — 

"  Strenua  nos  exercet  inertia." 

R.C. 

WRIGHT  OF  PLOWLAND  (2nd  S>  ix.  313.)—- 
ACHE  will  see  a  pedigree  of  the  family  of  Wright 
of  Plowland,  and  afterwards  of  Bolton-upon* 
Swale,  in  Dugdale's  Visitation  of  Yorkshire,  p.  98., 
lately  published  by  the  Surtees  Society. 

G,  W.  M. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

An  Arctic  Scat-Journey  in  the  Autumn  of  1854,  by 
Isaac  J.  Hays,  Surgeon  of  the  Second  Grinnell  Expedition. 
Edited  with  an  Introduction  and  Notes  by  D.  Norton  Shaw. 
(Bentley.) 

In  the  autumn  of  1854,  the  author  of  the  present  work 
was  one  of  eight  persons,  Being  a  portion  of  the  crew  of 
the  brig  "  Advance,"  under  the  command  of  Dr.  Kane, 
then  in  Rensselaer  Harbour,  who  made  an  unsuccessful 
attempt  tp  reach  Upernavick  in  North  Greenland,  the 
nearest  outpost  of  civilisation.  The  party  were  absent 
nearly  four  months,  and  were  doomed,  after  an  amount 
of  suffering  and  endurance  which  must  be  read  to  be 
fully  appreciated,  to  return  to  the  brig  without  success. 
Of  this  party  Mr.  ".Peterson  was  chosen  leader,  and  our 
author  was  in  medical  charge.  His  pages  are  a  record  of 
its  trials  and  fortunes.  Stirring  and  deeply  interesting 
as  have  been  many  of  the  records  of  Arctic  enterprise 
already  given  to  the  world,  we  know  of  none  which  ex- 
hibits these  qualities  more  vividly  than  the  present 
little  volume ;  and  few  will  rise  from  its  perusal  without 
heartily  bidding  God  speed  to  the  writer,  who  has  under- 
taken to  conduct  another  expedition  to  the  North  Pole. 

Scotland  in  the  Middle  Ages.  Sketches  of  Early  Scotch 
History  and  Social  Progress.  By  Cosmo  Innes,  Professor 
of  History  in  the  University  of  Edinburgh.  (Edmonston 
&  Douglas.) 

The  name  of  Cosmo  Innes  is  one  so  well  known  to  all 
students  of  Scotch  history  that  any  work  on  the  title- 
page  of  which  that  name  appears  is  sure  of  being  received 
with  attention  and  respect.  Mr.  Innes  claims  as  the 


only  merit  of  these  sketches,  that  they  teach  that  true 
history  is  best  to  be  laarnt  from  the  study  of  its  original 
materials, — not  in  the  elegant  summary  of  Hume,  or  the 
glittering  narrative  'of  Gibbon,  but  in  the  rough  and 
vivid  pictures  of  events  recorded  by  contemporary  chroni- 
clers; and  that  they  who  would  really  judge  a  people 
must  do  so  by  their  institutions  and  laws ;  by  the  culti- 
vation of  their  soil ;  by  their  literature,  and  by  their 
progress  in  science  and  art.  To  the  consideration  of  such 
evidence  as  this  the  ten  chapters  of  which  the  present 
volume  consists  are  devoted,  and  the  result  is  a  volume 
at  once  amusing  and  instructive,  and  which,  with  its  il- 
lustrative maps,  Glossary,  and  copious  Index,  might  well 
be  styled  a  Handbook  of  the  Early  History  of  Scotland. 

The  Semi-Detached  House.  Edited  by  Lady  Theresa 
Lewis.  (Bentley.) 

We  have  in  this  new  volume  of  Bentley's  Standard 
Novels  a  reprint,  in  a  popular  form,  of  this  graceful  and 
pleasing  story,  ushered  into  the  world  under  the  editor- 
ship of  Lady  Theresa  Lewis,  who  has  already  won  for 
herself  the  reputation  of  an  accomplished  authoress  in 
another  department  of  literature. 

Lady  Morgan;  her  Career,  Literary  and  Personal,  with 
a  Glimpse  at  her  Friends,  and  a\  Word  to  her  Calumnia- 
tors. By  W.  J.  Fitzpatriek,  &c.'  (Skeet.) 

What  we  said  of  the  pamphlet  entitled  The  Friends, 
Foes,  and  Adventures  of  Lady  Morgan,  'out  of  which  the 
present  work  has  grown, — namely,  that  it  was  "pleasant, 
genial,  and  gossiping,"  —  applies  with  full  force  to  the 
volume  before  us,  which  aspires  to  be  considered,  how- 
ever, as  a  perfectly  new  work,  and  may  well  do  so  from  the 
amount  of  new  materials  introduced  into  it.  And  these, 
be  it  observed,  refer  not  merely  to  the  heroine  of  Mr.  Fitz- 
patrick's  lively  and  amusing  volume,  but  to  the  many  re- 
markable personages  with  whom  Lady  Morgan  became 
acquainted  in  the  course  of  her  brilliant  career. 

How  we  Spent  the  Autumn ;  or,  Wanderings  in  Brittany. 
By  the  Authoress  of  The  Timely  Retreat.  (Bentley.) 

There  is  no  part  of  France  more  replete  with  interest 
to  travellers  from  these  islands  than  Brittany,  and  no 
part  perhaps  which  has  been  more  frequented  by  travel- 
lers of  the  sterner  sex.  The  present  volume,  telling  in 
a  simple  and  unaffected  style  what  are  the  objects  best 
worth  seeing  in  Brittany,  and  the  easiest  way  to  visit 
them,  will  be  found  an  agreeable,  almost  an  indispensable, 
companion  to  ladies  who  may,  during  the  coming  season, 
turn  their  steps  towards  this  chosen  land  of  old  romance. 


fiotited  to  Cam4jp0ttir*nt& 

E.  Pvpys's  Witt  has  never  to  the  lest  of  our  belief  been  printed  in 
extenso. 

2.  e.  We,  have  a  letter  for  this  correspondent.  How  shall  it  be  for* 
warded  ? 

MR.  LOWKE  is  thanked  for  his  polite  communication. 

X.    Neither  Mann's  nor  Coate's  History  of  Reading  notices  thefai 
The  Disagreeable  Surprise. 

ABHBA.    Our  correspondent  has  overlooked  the  references  to  Valen 
Greatrakes  in  our  2nd  S.  iii.  510. 

C.  T.  The  inscription  on  the  watt  of  Chiswick  church  is  printed  in 
Faulkner's  Chiswick,  p.  340.  This  bungling  writer  first  misquotes  the, 
inscription,  that  the  wall  loas  made  at  the  charges  of "  Lorde  Francis 
Russell,  Duke  (instead  of  Earle)  of  Bedford  in  1623,"  and  then  tells  us 
in  a  note  "  that  there  was  no  Duke  of  Bedford  of  the  Ihissell  family  till 
16941  " 

Keplies  to  other  correspondents  in  our  next. 

ERRATA. —  2nd  S.  v.  p.  32.  col.  i.  1.  22.  from  bottom,  for  "  Scotland" 
read  "  Ireland." 

"  NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIB«  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDBX)  is  11s.  id.,  ivhich  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  MESSRS.  BEU,  ANDJDAXDr,136.  FI.BBT  STRUM,  B.C.;  to  whom 
all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  THI  . 


for- 
trcc 

"" 

I  in 


S.  IX  MAY  12.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


UNITED   KINGDOM 
LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  S.W. 

The  lion.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  Esq.,  Deputy  Chairman. 

FOURTH  DIVISION  OF  PROFITS. 

SPECIAL  NOTICE. -Parties  desirous  of  participating  in  the  fourth 
division  of  profits  to  be  declared  on  all  policies  eifected  prior  to  the  31st 
December  next  year,  should,  in  order  to  enjoy  the  same,  make  imme- 
diate application.  There  have  already  been  three  divisions  ot  pronts, 
nnd  the  bonuses  divided  have  averaged  nearly  2  per  cent,  per  annum  on 
the  sums  assured,  or  from  30  to  100  per  cent,  on  the  premmms.paid, 
without  imparting  to  the  recipients  the  risk  of  copartnership,  as  ia  the 
case  in  mutual  societies. 

To  show  more  clearly  what  these  bonuses  amount  to,  three  following 
cases  are  put  forth  as  examples  : 


Amount  payable  up  to  Dec.,  1854. 
*6,987  10s. 
1,397  10S. 
139  15s. 


Sum  Insured.        Bonuses  added. 
JE5.000  JE1,!«7  10s. 

1,000  397  10*. 

100  39  15s. 

Notwithstanding  these  large  additions,  the  premiums  are.  on  the 
lowest  scale  compatible  with  security  for  the  payment  of  the  policy  when 
death  arises;  in  addition  to  which  advantages,  one  half  of  the  annual 
pivMiiums  may,  if  desired,  for  the  term  of  five  years,  remain  unpaid  at 
5  per  cent,  interest,  the  other  half  being  advanced  by  the  company  with- 
out security  or  deposit  of  the  policy. 

The  Assets  of  the  Company  at  the  31st  December,  1858,  amounted 
to  slU52,6i8  3s.  10J.,  all  of  which  has  been  invested  in  Government  and 
other  approved  securities. 

No  charge  for  Volunteer  Military  Corps  whilst  serving  iu  the  United 
Kingdom. 

Policy  Stamps  paid  by  the  Office. 

Immediate  application  should  be  made  to  the  Resident  Director,  8. 
Waterloo  Place,  Pall  Mall — By  order, 

P.  MACINTYRE,  Secretary. 

WESTERN  LIFE  ASSURANCE  AND 

II  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON, S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1842. 


Directors. 


f.  Lucas,  Esq. 
.B.  Marson,Esq. 
A.  Robinson,  Esq. 
J.L.Seager.Esq. 
J.B. White, Eiq. 


H.  E.  Bicknell,Esq. 
T.  S.  Cocks,  Esq. 
G.H.Drew,  Esq.  M.A. 
W.  Freeman, Esq. 
F.  Fuller, Esq. 
J.H.  Goodhart.Esq. 

Physician.—  W.  R.  Basham,  M.D. 

jBan&er*.  — Messrs.  Cocks,  Biddulph.andCo. 

Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  this  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  paying  a  Premium,  as  permission  is  given  upon 
application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  the  con- 
ditions detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

LOANS  from  1002.  to  5002.  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 
Security. 

Attention  is  also  invited  to  the  rates  of  annuity  granted  to  old  lives, 
for  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 
Example :  1002.  cash  paid  down  purchases— An  annuity  of- 
£  *.  d. 
10   4    0  to  a  male  life  ased  60) 

,,  65  (Payable  as  long 

14  16   3  „  ?of    as heis alive. 

18  11  10  „  75.7 

Now  ready,  10th  Edition,  price  7s.  6<Z.,  of 

MR.     SCRATCHLEY'S     MANUAL,     on 

FRIENDLY  SOCIETIES,  with  RULES,  TABLES,  and  an  EXPO- 
SITION of  the  TRUE  LAW  OF  SICKNESS. 

SHAW  &  SONS,  Fetter  Lane  ;  and  LAYTONS,  150.  Fleet  Street,  B.C. 

TCE,  and  REFRIGERATORS  for  preserving  lee 

I  and  cooling  Wine,  Butter,  Cream,  Water,  Jellies,  and  Provisions  of 
all  Kinds,  manufactured  by  the  WENIIAM  LAKE  ICE  COMPANY 
(now  removed  to  110.  Strand,  W.C.),  of  the  best  make  and  at  the  lowest 
cosh  prices.  No  scents  are  appointed  in  London  for  the  Sale  of  the 
Company's  Ice  or  Refrigerators.  Pure  spring-water  Ice,  in  blocks,  de- 
!  to  most  parts  of  Town  daily,  and  Packages  of  2s.  6(2. ,  5s.,  9s.,  and 
upwards,  forwarded  any  distance  into  the  Country  by  "  Goods"  Train, 
without  perceptible  waste.  Wine-coolers,  Ice-cream  Machines,  Ice- 
planes  for  Sherry-cobblers,  Freezers,  Moulds,  &e.  Detailed  printed 
particulars  may  be  had,  by  Post,  on  application  to  the  Wenham  Lake 
Ice  Company,  Ho.  Strand,  London,  W.C. 


CLERGY  MUTUAL   ASSURANCE  SOCIETY, 
3.  Broad  Sanctuary,  Westminster. 
Patrons-  The  Archbishops  of  CANTERBURY  and  YORK. 

Trustees— The  Bishops  of  London  and  Winchester,  the  Dean  of  West- 
minster, and  the  Archdeacon  of  Maidstone. 

Council  of  Reference  —  The  Archbishops,  and  Bishops  of  London,  Dur- 
ham and  Winchester. 

Chairman  of  Directors  —  The  Archdeacon  of  LONDON. 
Deputy  Chairman  -F.  L.  WOLL ASTON,  Esq.,  M.A. 

The  present  amount  assured  upon  life  exceeds  3,000,0002. 

The  invested  capital  is  upwards  of  940,000?. 

The  annual  income  is  upwards  of  120,000?. 

Clergymen,  and  the  wives,  widows,  sons,  and  daughters  of  clergymen, 
and  the  near  relations  of  clergymen,  and  the  near  relations  of  the 
wives  of  clergymen,  are  qualified  to  effect  assurances  upon  their  lives 
in  this  Society  to  any  amount  not  exceeding  50002.  The  rates  of  pre- 
mium are  moderate  ;  there  are  no  proprietors  to  share  in  the  profits, the 
whole  of  the  surplus  capital,  assigned  every  fifth  year,  being  appro- 
priated to  the  assured  members. 

The  next  bonus  will  be  in  the  year  1861. 

Assurances  upon  life  may  be  made  in  this  Society  upon  payment  of 
reduced  annual  premiums,  viz.,  upon  payment  of  four-fifths  of  the 
rates  chargeable,  one-fifth  remaining  in  arrear,  to  be  paid  off  from  time 
to  time  by  bonus. 

Prospectuses  and  forms  of  application  for  assurances  may  be  obtained 
at  the  office;  or  by  letter  to  the  Secretary. 

JOHN  HODGSON,  M.A.,  Sec. 


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Marischino,  Curasao,  Cherry  Brandy,  &c.  On  receipt  of  a  Post- office 
order  or  reference,  any  quantity,  with  a  Price-list  of  all  other  wines, 
will  be  forwarded  immediately  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

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Agents  at  Leeds ;  MESSRS.  HARVEY,  REYNOLDS  &  FOWLER, 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  IX.  MAY  12.  '60. 


THE  PIOUS  ROBERT  NELSON. 


Now  ready,  Svo.,  withPortrait,  price  10s.  6c7. 


LIFE    AND    TIMES    OF    EGBERT    NELSON, 

Author  of  «  COMPANION  TO  THE  FASTS  AND  FESTIVALS  OF  THE  CHUKCH." 

BY    THE    REV.    C.     F.     S  E  C  R  E  T  A  N, 

Incumbent  of  Holy  Trinity,  Vauxhall  Bridge  Road. 


"  Mr.  Secretan  has  done  Churchmen  service  by  tliis  excellent  companion  volume  to  Mr.  Anderdon's  Life  of  Ken.  written  as  it  is  with  unaffected 
sense  and  feeling,  and  as  the  result  of  considerable  research.  The  work  is  well  and  carefully  done  as  a  whole,  and  is  written  with  a  right  spirit 
and  in  a  fair  and  sensible  tone."—  Guardian,  April  4. 

"  Mr.  Secretan  has  given  us  a  careful,  discerning,  and  well-written  account  of  an  English  worthy,  whose  works  are  familiar  as  '  household 
words  '  in  most  homes,  and  whose  life  was  spent  in  deeds  of  Christian  philanthropy."— Morning  Post. 

"  Mr.  Secretan's  biography  is  worthy  to  take  its  place  by  the  side  of  those  which  old  Izaak  Walton  has  left  us,  and  Nelson  was  just  such  a 
character  as  Izaak  Walton  would  have  loved  to  delineate.  The  record  of  his  devout  and  energetic  life  is  most  interestingly  traced  by  Mr.  Secretan." 
— John  Bull. 

"  There  can  be  little  doubt  that  Mr.  Secretan's  Life  of  Robert  Nelson  is  an  important  addition  to  our  Standard  Christian  Biographies."_JVo<es 
and  Queries. 

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Robert  Nelson. "—Gentleman's  Magazine. 


JOHN  MURRAY,  ALBEMAKLE  STREET. 


DR.   WM.    SMITH'S    BIBLICAL    DICTIONARY. 


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EDITED    BY    WILLIAM    SMITH,  LL.D., 

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377 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  MAY  19.  I860. 


NO.  229.— CONTENTS. 

NOTES:  — Gleanings  from  the  Records  of  the  Treasury, 
No  4.,  377  —  "  Hainlet "  Bibliography,  378  —  Folk  Lore, 
330  —  Biography  and  Hero-worship,  381  —  Speeches  of 
Bacon  and  Yelverton  in  the  Debate  on  impositions,  1610, 
382. 

MINOR  NOTES  :  —A  New  Mode  of  Canonisation — Bunyan's 
Pilgrim's  Progress  —  Tobacco,  its  Tercentenary,  &c.  — 
Philological  Changes :  the  Vowel  A.,  383. 

QUERIES:—  The  Rev.  Thomas  Collins— Heraldic  Query 

—  Taylor   the  AVater-Poet  — Mary  Glover:    her  Maiden 
Name?  — "Sketch   of  Irish  History"— John   Leyden  — 
The  Wit  of  Lane  — Mrs.  Dugald  Stewart—"  The  Death  of 
Herod"—  Pisch  of  Castlelaw,  Berwickshire,  1720  —  Oli- 
phant  — "The  Triumph  of  Friendship  "  —  "  Do  you  know 
Dr.  Wright  of  Norwich?"  —  Dick  Turpin  —  Eynsham 
Cross  —  Polwhele's  "Devon,"  &c.  —  The  Judas  Tree  — 
Baron  von  Westerholt  —  Hampton  Court  Bridge  —  More's 
Dramas  — Rodney  and  Keppel  —  "  Rock  of  Ages,'    &c.— 
Archer  — Arms,  whose?  — Blake  Family  — Shirley  — Wil- 
liam de  Vernon  —  John  Wythers,  384. 

QTTEBIES  WITH  ANSWERS:  — Bible,  1641  — "An  Essay  of 
Afflictions "  —  The  Castle  and  Town  of  Haverford  — 
Idioms  —  Poet  quoted  by  Seneca  —  St.  Govor's  Well  — 
Style  of  a  Marquess,  388. 

REPLIES :  —  Dibdin's  Songs,  389  —  Sir  Jonas  Moore,  391  — 
"Nouveau  Testament," Ib.—  Leonard  Mac  Nally  —  "  Man 
to  the  Plough"  —  "My  Eye  and  Betty  Martin"  — Sing 
"  Si  dedero  "  —  Seal  of  John  Lord  Hastings  of  Abergavenny 

—  The  Cruikston  Dollar  — Maids  of  Honour  — Pamela— 
"Ride"  v.  "Drive"  — Boiled— Passage   in   Menander  — 
Coronation,  when  first  introduced,  &c.,  392. 


,  GLEANINGS  FROM  THE  RECORDS  OF  THE 
TREASURY.  — No.  IV.  v 

The  following  account  of  a  suit  which  was  in- 
stituted by  the  Attorney- General  against  the  re- 
presentative of  Dr.  Bradley,  the  astronomer,  for 
the  recovery  of  certain  volumes  of  observations,  is 
interesting,  as  it  enters  into  details  concerning  his 

rfessional  career  at  Greenwich  during  the  time 
served  that  office  :  — 

"  To  the  Right  Honourable  the  Lords  Commissioners  of 
his  Majesty's  Treasure*. 

"  Tha  Memorial  and  humble  Petition  of  John  Geach  of 
Theescomb  in  the  County  of  Gloucester, 

"  Humbly  sheweth  unto  your  Lordships, 
"  That  the  late  James  Bradley,  D.D.,  and  Uncle  to  your 
Memorialist  was  in  or  about  the  year  1742,  appointed  by 
his  late  Majesty  Astronomical  Observator  at  Greenwich, 
•with  a  Salary  of  iOO/.  a  year,  and  was  required  to  apply 
himself  with  the  most  exact  care  and  diligence  to  the 
rectifying  the  Tables  of  the  Motions  of  the  Heavens  and 
Places  of  the  fixed  Stars  in  order  to  find  out  the  so  much 
desired  Longitude  at  Sea  for  the  perfecting  the  art  of 
Navigation. 

"  That  the  said  Dr.  Bradley  did  continue  to  receive  the 
said  yearly  Salary,  being  the  same  which  had  been  "an- 
nexed to  the  Office  in  the  time  of  his  Predecessors  Mr. 
John  Flamstead  and  Dr.  Edmund  Ilalley,  until  the  time 
of  his  decease,  which  happen'd  in  1762 ;  and  during  his 
Continuance  in  the  said  Office  did  make  sundry  Observa- 
tions with  Indefatigable  pains  and  application,  which 
Observations  are  contained  and  Registred  in  13  volumes 


in  Folio,  and  upon  the  Death  of  the  said  Dr.  Bradley  were 
taken  Possession  of  by  his  Executors  among  other  Goods 
and  Effects  of  the  Deceased  for  the  use  of  his  Daughter 
Susannah  Bradley,  then  a  Minor. 

"  That  the  said  Susannah  Bradley,  when  she  came  of 
age,  knowing  that  her  Father  had  always  considered  the 
said  Observations  as  his  Sole  Right  and  Property-,  and  no 
Claim  or  Demand  whatever  having  been  made  of  them 
either  in  her  Father's  lifetime  or  in  five  years  after  his 
Decease,  did  of  her  own  free  will,  and  for  divers  good 
reasons  and  Considerations,  make  a  Gift  of  them  to  her 
late  Uncle  Mr.  Samuel  Geach,  Father  to  your  Memorialist. 

**  That  by  the  Decease  of  the  said  Samuel  Geach,  the 
said  Observations  are  now  in  the  Possession  of  your  Me- 
morialist as  Executor  to  his  Father,  against  whom,  to- 
gether with  the  said  Susannah  Bradley,  now  Susannah 
Geach,  and  Mr.  William  Dallaway,  who  was  joint  Exe- 
cutor with  your  Memorialist  to  the  Will  of  the  said  Dr. 
Bradley,  an  Information  hath  been  Filed  at  the  Suit  of 
the  Attorney  General  in  his  Majesty's  Court  of  Exche- 
quer for  the"  Recovery  of  the  said  Observations  to  his 
Majesty's  Use. 

"  That  your  Memorialist  hath  not  nor  ever  had  any 
Inclination  or  design  to  withhold  the  said  Observations 
from  his  Majesty,  or  to  Deprive  the  Publick  of  the  Bene- 
fit of  the  Ingenious  Labours  of  his  Late  Uncle,  upon  a 
Reasonable  Compensation  being  made  to  him  for  the 
Property  which  the  said  Dr.  Bradley  did  always  in  his 
Life  time  Conceive  himself  to  have  in  the  said  Observa- 
tions as  by  Sufficient  Testimony  can  be  made  appear,  and 
which  your  Memorialist  doth  now  Conceive  to  be  vested 
in  him  as  Representative  of  his  Father  and  Uncle,  for  the 
following  among  other  weighty  reasons  and  Considera- 
tions. 

"  First,  That  in  the  warrant  whereby  the  said  Dr. 
Bradley  was  appointed  to  the  office  of  Royal  Astrono- 
mical Observator  no  Condition  or  Obligation  of  delivering 
up  any  Papers  or  Observations  is  specified,  or  so  much  as 
hinted,  but  the  contrary  may  fairly  be  presumed  from  the 
Inadequate  Salary  annexed  to  it;  since  no  Ingenious  and 
Learned  Man  can  Possibly  be  supposed  to  accept  an  office 
which  required  such  Immence  pains,  application,  and 
constant  Attendance  both  by  night  and  Day  for  so  tri- 
fling a  consideration,  unless  with  a  Prospect  of  some 
future  advantages  to  be  derived  to  himself  or  his  Pos- 
terity from  the  Result  of  his  Labours. 

«'  Secondly,  That  tho'  the  said  Dr.  Bra<lley  did  from 
and  after  the  year  1751  actually  Enjoy  a  Pension  from 
the  Crown  of  2507.  a  year,  yet  doth  it  Sufficiently  appear 
that  the  said  Pension  was  not  given  to  him  as  Royal 
Astronomical  Observator,  nor  had  any  Connexion  with  or 
Relation  to  that  office,  but  on  the  contrary  was  bestowed 
upon  him  by  the  free  bounty  of  bis  Late  Majesty,  and 
partly  in  consideration  of  his  Extraordinary  Merit  and 
Ability's,  and  for  Important  Discoveries  made  by  him  in 
astronomical  matters,  the  most  considerable  of  which, 
Namely,  The  Aberration  of  Light  from  the  fixed  Stars 
and  the  Nutation  of  the  Poles,  were  made  before  his 
Appointment  to  the  said  office,  and  Independant  thereof, 
and  neither  at  his  Majesty's  RojTal  Observatory  nor  with 
any  Apparatus  or  Instruments  belonging  to  his  Majesty 
or  the  Publick ;  but  in  a  course  of  Twenty  years  Prtvious 
Study  and  Application,  and  partly  in  consideration  of  his 
having  been  Employed  with  others  in  the  year  1750,  and 
taken  great  pains  in  Constructing  and  adapting  the 
Kalender  to  the  Gregorian  or  New  Stile,  about  that  time 
Established  by  Act  of  Parliament,  for  which  Merit  and 
Services  he  was  then  offerred  the  valuable  Living  of 
Greenwich  in  Kent,  but  Declined  it  from  Consciencious 
Principles,  and  had  the  before-mentioned  Pention  con- 
ferred upon  him  instead  thereof. 

"  Thirdly,  That  upon  the  death  of  Mr.  Flamstead  and 


378 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAY  19.  '60. 


Dr.  Halley,  the  said  Dr.  Bradley's  Predecessors  in  office, 
the  Executors  of  each  were  allowed  without  Molestation 
or  demand  from  the  Crown  to  move  and  take  away  all 
the  papers  and  Observations  of  the  Deceased,  and  to  apply 
them  to  their  own  use  and  advantages  respectively,  and 
according  that  the  observations  made  by  the  said  Mr. 
Flamstead  were  published  by  his  Executors  in  3  volumes  in 
Folio  for  their  own  Private  emolument ;  and  also  that  the 
Representatives  both  of  Dr.  Halley  and  of  Mr.  Bliss,  who 
Succeeded  the  said  Dr.  Bradley,  and  likewise  Mr.  Green 
who  continued  to  make  Observations  at  the  Royal  Ob- 
servatory from  the  Death  of  Mr.  Bliss  to  the  Appoint- 
ment of  the  present  Observator  Royal,  did  severally 
receive  from  the  Commissioners  of  the  Board  of  Longi- 
tude an  acknowledgement  for  their  Respective  Observa- 
tions, altho'  your  Memorialist  is  well  Informed  that  none 
of  the  said  Observations  were  near  so  valuable  as  those  of 
his  Late  uncle ;  and  altho'  Dr.  Halley  too  had  a  Pension 
in  his  Lifetime  besides  his  Salary ;  so  that  it  appears  to 
have  been  the  Invariable  Practice  from  the  very  first  In- 
stitution of  the  office  down  to  the  Appointment  of  the 
present  Observator  Royal,  to  Consider  the  Representa- 
tives of  the  Deceased  Observators  as  Intitled  to  the 
benefit  of  the  Observations  made  by  them  respectively, 
agreeably  to  the  claim  now  put  in  by  Dr.  Bradley's 
Representative. 

"  Fourthly,  that  the  Present  Observator  Royal  had 
upon  his  Appointment,  as  jrour  Memorialist  is  informed, 
an  additional  Salary  of  250/.  a  year  annexed  to  his  office 
as  Observator,  Distinct  from  the  Consideration  of  any 
Previous  Meritorious  Services,  and  in  Consideration 
thereof  was  required  and  did  bind  himself,  with  his  own 
Consent,  to  the  Express  Condition  of  Delivering  up  his 
Observations  to  the  Roj'al  Society,  by  which  express 
Stipulation,  together  with  the  Augmentation  of  the 
Salary  thereupon,  it  seems  to  be  granted  on  the  part  of 
the  Crown  that  no  such  Condition  had  before  been  under- 
stood, and  that  the  small  Salary  before  annexed  was  not 
sufficient  to  Ground  any  such  Expectations  upon. 

"Fifthly,  That  the  Observations  in  question  were  writ- 
ten and  Registred  in  Books  Purchased  at  the  Private 
Expence  of  the  said  Dr.  Bradley,  without  any  allowance 
over  and  above  the  before-mentioned  small  Salary  having 
been  made  on  the  part  of  the  Crown,  or  of  any  other  per- 
sons whatsoever,  for  the  several  Articles  of  B'ooks,  paper, 
pens,  and  Ink ;  which  allowance  your  Memorialist  is  in- 
formed is  constantly  made  in  all  offices  where  the  papers 
and  writings  are  kept  or  intended  to  be  kept  and  secured 
as  Official  Records  belonging  to  the  Crown  for  the  bene- 
fit of  the  Publick. 

"  Lastly,  That  the  said  Observations  are  allowed  by 
the  most  competent  Judges,  as  your  Memorialist  is  well 
informed,  to  be  farr  more  accurate  and  valuable  than 
those  which  have  been  hitherto  made  by  any  Observator 
Royal,  or  perhaps  by  any  other  person  before  or  since  Dr. 
Bradley's  time,  and  also  to  be  of  more  Extensive  Utility 
than  the  Lunar  Tables  of  Mr.  Meyer  for  which  the  Par- 
liament voted  a  Reward  of  3000/."  It  must  therefore  ap- 
pear a  Peculiar  Hardship  on  the  Representatives  of  Dr. 
Bradley  to  be  placed  in  a  worse  condition  than  those  of 
all  his'Predecessors  and  Successors  in  office,  for  no  other 
Reason  than  because  the  said  Dr.  Bradley  is  supposed  to 
have  discharged  the  Functions  of  his  office  with  more 
attention,  Ability,  and  Skill,  and  because  his  Labours  are 
believed  more  likely  to  prove  beneficial  to  the  publick 
than  those  of  any  other. 

"  Your  Memorialist  therefore  presumes  most  respect- 
fully to  submit  the  Circumstances  of  his  Case  to  the 
Candour  and  Equity  of  your  Lordships,  humbly  hoping 
and  requesting  your  Lordships  to  take  the  same  into 
your  Consideration,  in  order  that,  thro'  the  Generous 
Interposition  and  favour  of  your  Lordships,  some  Suitable 


Gratuity  and  Acknowledgement  may  be  made  him  for 
the  Delivery  of  the  before-mentioned  Observations ;  and 
also  that  an  Immediate  Stop  may  be  put  to  the  further 
Prosecution  of  the  Suit  commenced  against  your  Memo- 
rialist and  others  on  account  of  the  same,  which,  what- 
ever may  be  the  Issue,  must  be  attended  in  the  progress 
with  considerable  Expence  and  Vexation  to  your  Me- 
morialist. 
"  And  your  Memorialist  will  ever  pray,"  &c. 

This  was  read  on  the  14th  January,  1772,  when 
we  find  this  minute  :  — 

"  Acquaint  the  Petitioner,  that  the  information  not 
having  been  filed  by  the  orders  of  this  Board,  My  Lords 
are  not  informed  of  the  reasons  of  such  proceeding,  and, 
therefore,  cannot  give  any  directions  to  stop  the  prosecu- 
tion of  the  suit,  according  to  the  prayer  of  his  Memorial." 
—  "Treasury  Minute  Book,"  No.  41.  p.  417. 

WILLIAM  HENRY  HART. 

Folkestone  House,  Roupell  Park,  Streatham. 


«  HAMLET  "  BIBLIOGRAPHY. 

Mention  has  recently  been  made  in  these  pages 
of  that  valuable  contribution  to  Shakspearian 
literature,  for  which  students  of  the  text  of  the 
great  poet  are  indebted  to  the  enterprise  and 
labour  of  a  provincial  printer  —  Mr.  J.  Allen  of 
Birmingham.  I  allude  to  the  "pastorally-named" 
Devonshire  Hamlets,  —  verbal,  and  indeed  fac- 
simile reprints  on  opposite  pages  of  the  editions  of 
1603  and  1604.  For  the  happy  idea  of  these  re- 
prints, the  Alhenceum  (No.  1683.,  p.  137.),  I  know 
not  with  what  justice,  takes  credit :  for  the  man- 
ner of  execution,  this  truly  charming  volume 
brings  no  shame,  in  an  age  of  inferior  taste  and 
more  sordid  objects,  on  the  town  which  produced 
and  boasts  a  BASKERVILLE.  The  type,  the  paper, 
the  reverential  fidelity  of  the  text,  leave  little  or 
nothing  to  be  desired  :  as  to  size,  perhaps  a  small 
4to.  would  have  been  preferable  ;  and  with  regard 
to  binding,  one  cannot  help  thinking  that  the 
"appropriate  (?)  boards"  might  have  been  well 
replaced  by  a  half-morocco  or  roan  binding,  such, 
for  instance,  as  that  which  enables  the  historical 
publications  issued  by  the  Treasury  under  the 
auspices  of  the  Master  of  the  Rolls,  to  take  their 
place  at  once  upon  the  shelf,  without  farther  ex- 
pence  or  trouble,  by  the  side  of  volumes  clad  by 
the  skilful  hands  of  Bedford  or  Riviere.  Nor  is 
the  price  to  be  complained  of:  though,  by  the 
way,  subscribers  cannot  but  be  struck  by  the 
anomalous  relations  of  the  publisher  and  book- 
seller, and  the  incongruity  between  the  nominal 
and  actual  price  of  books,  when  they  find  that 
they,  who  trustingly  supported  the  publisher  in 
his  undertaking,  have  to  pay  nearly  20  per  cent, 
more  than  those,  wiser  in  their  generation,  who 
bide  their  time,  examine  the  book  at  their  leisure, 
and,  if  it  answers  their  expectations,  purchase  it 
with  the  usual  allowance  from  "new  books"  of 
twopence  in  the  shilling.  Altogether,  we  can  only 


2nd  S.  IX.  MAY  19.  'GO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


379 


hope  that  Mr.  L.  Booth's  projected  reprint  in 
octavo  of  the  Folio  of  1623,  will  be  executed  with 
similar  fidelity  and  beauty  :  an  edition  of  Shak- 
speare  will  then  be  attainable,  no  less  creditable, 
and  I  believe  remunerative,  to  the  publisher,  than 
valuable  in  every  point  of  view  to  all  classes  of 
readers. 

The  value  of  Mr.  Allen's  reprint  is  much  en- 
hanced by  the  bibliographical  Preface,  and  list  of 
Hamletiana,  prefixed  by  Mr.  Timmins,  to  whom 
we  are  also  indebted  for  the  careful  collation  of 
the  present  with  Mr.  Collier's  reprints.  With 
regard  to  the  Hamlet  Bibliography,  although 
aware  of  the  difficulty  of  the  task  and  the  imper- 
fection predicated  of  its  accomplishment,  I  must 
confess  that  I  was  somewhat  disappointed.  Find- 
ing that  assistance  had  been  derived  from  various 
sources,  I  set  about  the  comparison  of  this  new 
bibliography  with  my  own  notes,  in  the  expecta- 
tion that  I  was  about  to  add  greatly  to  their 
number  and  value.  So  far,  however,  from  this 
being  the  case,  I  found  that  these  enabled  me 
greatly  to  extend  and  amplify  the  former  :  having 
done  this,  it  occurred  to  me  that  by  the  publica- 
tion of  these  additions  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  those  pos- 
sessors of  Mr.  Allen's  reprint,  "  whom  it  may 
concern,"  will  be  enabled  to  insert  them  in  their 
respective  copies ;  and  thus,  with  the  addition  of 
any  other  articles  with  which  they  may  become 
acquainted  (and  of  these  there  will  be  few,  for  I 
am  persuaded  that  the  amalgamated  list  will  be 
found  nearly  exhaustive),  obtain  a  perfect  biblio- 
graphy of  this  master- play.  Without  farther  pre- 
face, I  proceed  to  transcribe  my  list  of  additions, 
disposing  them,  for  facility  of  reference,  in  a  simi- 
lar arrangement  to  that  of  Mr.  Timmins,  and  be- 
speaking indulgence  for  errors,  deficiencies,  or 
possible  repetitions  :  — 

ENGLISH  EDITIONS,  COMMENTARIES,  ETC. 

"  Hainlet:  An  Opera,  as  it  is  performed  in  the  Queen's 
Theatre  in  the  Hay  market."  London.  8vo.  1712. 

This  piece,  which  is  very  rare,  is  founded  rather  on  the 
old  Historic  of  Hamlet  than  Shakspeare's  tragedy. 

"  The  Grave-Makers,"  from  Shakspeare's  Hamlet. 

This  is  the  9th  piece  in  the  curious  collection  of  drolls 
and  farces,  such  as  were  presented  in  old  times  by  stroll- 
ers at  Bartholomew  and  other  fairs,  edited  by  the  book- 
seller, Francis  Kirkman,  and  entitled  The  Wits,  or  Sport 
upon  Sport,  8vo.,  1GG2.  A  second  edition  appeared  in 
1673,  with  frontispiece.  See  Baker  and  Jones's  Biog. 
Dram.,  vol.  iii.  p.  414. 

"  Short  Criticism  on  the  Performance  of  Hamlet  by  J. 
P.  Kemble."  8vo.  1789. 

"  Hamlet  Travestie ;  in  Three  Acts,  with  burlesqued 
Annotations  after  the  Manner  of  Dr.  Johnson  and  George 
Steevens,  Esq.,  and  the  various  Commentators.  By  John 
Poole."  Small  8vo.  London,  1810. 

Later  editions,  1811,  1812.  This  piece  has  often  been 
produced  at  the  minor  theatres,  and  must  be  regarded  as 
a  very  amusing  and  felicitous  performance. 

"  Discoveries  in  Hieroglyphics,  and  other  Antiquities. 
In  progress  to  which  many  favourite  Compositions  are 
put  in  a  Light  now  entirely  new,  and  such  as  rendered 
them  infinitely  more  amusing  as  well  as  more  instructive 


to  Headers  of  earlier  Times.  By  Robert  Deverell,  Esq." 
London.  6  vols.  8vo.  1813. 

The  2nd  and  3rd  vols.  onlv,  of  this  very  curious  work 
(previously  noticed  in  "  N."&  Q.,"  !•*  S.  ii.  61.),  relate 
to  Shakspeare.  In  these  will  be  found  reprints  of  HAM> 
LKT,  Lear,  Othello,  Merchant  of  Venice,  8fc.t  copiously 
illustrated  with  notes  and  woodcuts.  I  do  not  know  if 
this  work  has  come  under  the  notice  of  M.  Delepierre, 
but  it  certainly  should  not  be  omitted  in  the  Litterature 
des  Fous. 

"  Observations  on  the  Laws  of  Mortality  and  Disease, 
with  Illustrations  on  the  Progress  of  Mania,  Melancholia, 
Craziness,  and  Demonomania,  as  displayed  in  Shakspeare's 
Characters  of  Lear,  HAMLET,  Ophelia,  and  Edgar.  By 
George  Farren."  London.  8vo.  1829. 

"  A  New  Burlesque  of  Hamlet."   London.  12mo.  1838. 

"  The  Barrow-Diggers ;  a  Dialogue  in  Imitation  of  the 
Grave- Diggers  in  Hamlet,  with  Notes."  4to.  1839. 

Only  a  limited  number  printed.  It  contains  many 
plates  of  articles  found  in  tumuli  in  Dorsetshire. 

"  Essay  on  the  Tragedy  of  Hamlet.  By  P.  Macdon- 
nell."  Royal  8vo.  1843. 

"  What  does  Hamlet  mean?"    London.    8vo.  (?) 

"  Facsimile  of  the  Last  Page  of  the  First  Edition  of 
Hamlet,  1603." 

Only  six  copies  of  this  were  lithographed  by  Mr.  Ash- 
bee.  Two  of  these  (one  on  India  paper)  occurred  at  Mr. 
Halliwell's  Sale,  Sotheby  &  Wilkinson,  June,  1859. 

GERMAN  EDITIONS,  TRANSLATIONS,  COMMENTARIES,  ETC. 

"  Hamlet,  zum  Behuf  des  Hamburger  Theaters,  iiber- 
setzt  von  F.  L.  Schroder."  8vo.  Hamburg,  1778. 

Mr.  Timmins  notices  the  "neue  rechtmSssige  Ausgabe  " 
of  1804  of  this  version.  It  will  also  be  found  in  the  au- 
thor's Dramatische  Werke,  herausgegeben  von  E.  von  Bil- 
low, eingeleitet  von  Ludwig  Tieck,  8vo.,  Berlin,  1831. 

"  Hamlet,  der  Neue,  worin  Pyramus  und  Thisbe  als 
Zwischenspiel  gespielt  wird.  Von  J.  von  Mauvillon." 

In  Mauvillon's  Gesellschaftstheater,-  2  vols.  8vo.,  Leip- 
zig, 1790. 

"  Hamlet,  nebst  Brockmann's  Bildniss  als  Hamlet,  und 
der  zu  dem  Ballet  verfertigteu  Musik."  8vo.  Berlin. 
1795. 

Mr.  Timmins  mentions  the  edition  of  1804.  The  one 
which  I  have  cited  is  the  3rd,  "genau  durchgesehene 
Auflage."  The  dates  of  the  earlier  ones  I  am  not  able  to 
give. 

"  Hamlet,  ubersetzt  von  J.  J.  Eschenburg." 

In  his  translation  of  the  Plays  of  Shakspeare.  Strass- 
burg  and  Mannheim,  1778-83,  and  subsequently. 

«  Hamlet,  Prinz  von  Danemark ;  Mariottenspiel  von 
J.  F.  Schink." 

In  Momus,  und  sein  Guckkasten,  8vo.,  Berlin,  1799. 

•«  Hamlet,  Prinz  von  Danemark ;  Karrikatur  in  3  Ak- 
ten."  8vo.  Wien.  1807. 

"  Hamlet,  Prinz  von  Danemark ;  ubersetzt  von  J.  H. 
Voss."  8vo.  Stuttgart.  1822. 

Theil  8.  of  the  ScJiauspiele  ubersetzt  von  J.  H.  Voss  und 
dessen  S'dhnen,  H.  und  A.  Voss.  Hit  Erlauterungen, 
9  BSnde,  1818-29. 

"  Hamlet,  Prinz  von  DUnemark ;  ubersetzt  von  J.  W.  0. 
Benda."  8vo.  Leipzig.  1825. 

Forming  Band  13.  of  the  Dramatische  Werke,  ubersetzt 
und  erlautert  von  J.  W.  0.  Benda,  19  Bande,  8vo.  and 
16mo.,  Leipzig,  1825-6. 

"  Hamlet;  The  Tragicall  Historie  of,  &c.  A  verbal 
reprint  of  the  Edition  of  1603."  8vo.  Leipzig.  1825. 

«•  Illustrations  to  Hamlet,  by  M.  Retscb."    15  Plates. 

In  his  Gallerie  zu  Shakspeare's  Dramatischen  Werken : 
Im  Umiissen  erfundtn  und  gestochen ;  royal  4to.,  Leipzig, 
1828-33. 

"  Hamlet  in  Wittenburg,  von  Carl  Gutzkon." 


380 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAY  19.  '60. 


This  piece  first  appeared  in  Lewald's  Theaterrevue,  vol. 
i.  8vo.,  Stuttgart,  1835 ;  also  in  Gutzkow's  Sklzzenbuch, 
8vo.,  Cassel,  1839;  and  was  subsequently  reprinted  in 
Gutzkow's  Gesammelten  Werken,  vol.  i.  p.  233. 

"  Hamlet,  Prinz  von  Diinemark ;  iibersetzt  von  K. 
Simrock." 

This  is  the  15th  Bandchen  of  the  Sammfliche  Werhe, 
iibersetzt  von  Adolph  Bb'ttger  und  Anderen,  37  BSndchen, 
32mo.,  Leipzig,  1836.  This  translation  has  subsequently 
appeared,  12  vols.  16mo,  Leipzig,  1839 ;  1  vol.  8vo.,  1838, 
1840 ;  and  12  vols.  16mo.,  Berlin,  1848 :  the  latter  with 
twelve  steel  engravings. 

"  Hamlet,  Prinz  von  Danemark ;  iibersetzt  von  G.  X. 
Barmann." 

"  Hamlet ;  ubersetzt  von  E.  Ortlepp." 

This  is  the  6th  Theil  of  the  Dramatische  Werke,  uber- 
setzt von  E.  Ortlepp.  16  Thle.  8vo.,  Stuttgart,  1838-9. 
Neue  durchaus  verbesserte  Auflage  mit  16,  und  mit  40 
Stahlstichen,  1842. 

"  Amleth  der  Dane ;  Iibersetzt  von  M.  Rapp." 

The  37th  Band  of  the  Schausplele,  ubersetzt  und  erlau- 
tert,  von  A.  Keller  und  M.  Rapp.  8  Bande,  oder  37 
Hefte,  16mo.,  Stuttgart,  1847.  2nd  edit,  37  Hefte,  1854. 

"  Hamlet,  Prinz  von  Diinemark ;  Drama  in  5  Auf- 
ztigen,  Iibersetzt  von  V.  Hagen."  4to.  Berlin.  1848. 

In  Both's  Buhneurepertoir,  vol.  xv. 

"  Hamlet,  &c.,  Ubersetzt  von  Dr.  A.  Jenke."  12nio. 
Mainz.  1853. 

"  Hamlet,  a  Tragedy.  Mit  Sprache  und  Sachen  er- 
lauternden  Anmerkungen ;  fiir  Schiiler,  hohere  Lehran- 
stalten  und  Freunde  des  Dichters."  Large  Svo.  Leipzig. 
1849. 

"  Hamlet,  Tragodie  in  5  Akten,  von  Adam  Oehlen- 
schliiger,  im  Versmasse  des  Originals ;  ubersetzt  von  H. 
Zeise."  16mo.  Altona.  1849. 

This  is  in  no  respect  a  translation  or  adaptation  of 
Shakspeare's  HAMLET,  and  is  indebted  to  its  title  mainly 
for  admission  into  a  bibliography  of  Shakspeare. 

FRENCH  TRANSLATIONS  AND  COMMENTARIES. 

"  Hamlet,  Tragedie  imitee  de  1' Anglais  en  vers  Fran- 
9ais,  par  M.  Ducis."  8vo.  Paris,  1769. 

"  Hamlet,  Prince  de  Danemark,  Tragedie  en  cinq 
Actes." 

This,  together  with  "  Le  Roi  Lear,"  in  torn.  v.  of  Shak- 
speare, avec  des  Notes  de  VE'diteurs  Anglais,  Warburton, 
Steevens,  Johnson,  Mrs.  Griffiths,  &c.,  et  des  Remarques 
tiroes  de  la  Traduction  Allemande,  par  M.  Eschenbourg, 
traduit  en  Francais  (en  Prose),  par  le  Tourneur  (le 
Comte  de  Catuelan  et  Fontaine-Malherbe),  dedie  au 
Roi,  20  vols.  in  8,  Paris,  1776-83. 

"Chefs d'CEuvrede  Shakspeare ;  Othello,  HAMLET, Mac- 
beth, Richard  III.,  Romeo  and  Juliet,  Merchant  of  Venice, 
in  French  and  English,  on  opposite  pages,  with  Notes 
Critical  and  Historical,  by  D.  O'Sullivan."  2  vols.  1837. 

ITALIAN  TRANSLATIONS,  ETC. 

"  Hamlet,  Tragedia  di  M.  Ducis  ad  Imitazione  della 
Inglese  di  Shakspeare,  tradotto  in  verso  sciolto."  Svo. 
Venezia.  1774. 

"  Hamlet,  Tragedia,  etc.,  recata  in  versi  Italian!  di 
Michele  Leoni."  8vo.  Verona.  1821. 

Leoni's  translation  of  the  tragedies  previously  ap- 
peared in  8  vols.  8vo.,  Pisa  e  Firenze,  1815. 

DUTCH  TRANSLATION. 

"  Hamlet,  Historisch  TreurspeL"  Svo.  Amsterdam. 
1778. 

"  Hamlet  (in  English),  with  Notes  and  Commentary 
iu  Dutch,  by  Dr.  Susan."  Deventer.  1849. 

The  text  is  the  modern  one  made  up  from  the  4to., 
1604,  and  the  folio  1623. 


SPANISH  TRANSLATION. 

"  Hamlet,  Tragedia  traducida  e  illustrata  con  la  vita 
del  Autor  y  Notas  Criticas,  por  Marco  Celenio."  4to. 
Madrid.  1795. 

The  edition  of  1798,  mentioned  by  Mr.  Timmins,  is  the 
second.  Marco  Celenio  was  the  pen-name  of  Nicolas 
Fernandez  de  Moratin.  See  Bouterwek,  Hat.  Span.  Lit, 
Bohn,  p.  430. 

I  have  now,  I  think,  exhausted  my  own  list?, 
and  shall  be  glad  to  avail  mysejf  in  my  turn  of  the 
additions  and  corrections  of  others.  Dibdin,  in 
his  Bibliophobia  (p.  85.  note),  gives  a  short  his- 
tory of  the  discovery  of  the  Hamlet  of  1603  in  the 
library  of  Sir  Henry  Bunbury,  and  rightly  cha- 
racterises it  as  a  "  prompter's  surreptitious  edi- 
tion." But  the  philobiblical  Doctor  must  have 
allowed  his  imagination  to  work  when  he  records 
that,  "  amongst  other  oddities,  the  Ghost  is  made 
to  enter  in  his  night-gown  and  slippers!"  It  is 
true  that  at  p.  63.  (Allen's  edit.)  we  read,  "Enter 
the  ghost  in  his  night-gowne,"  but  we  search  in 
vain  for  the  "pnntaloon"-like  addition.  See  also 
Dibdin's  Lib.  Comp.,  2nd  edit.,  p.  813. 

It  is  not  unworthy  of  note,  as  an  evidence  of  the 
extended  fame  and  appreciation  of  the  world-poet, 
that  a  representation  of  Hamlet,  from  a  good 
translation  into  Italian  prose,  took  place  at  the 
"  Cocomero"  at  Florence,  in  Dec.  1859  ;  and  that 
a  few  days  later,  Macbeth,  then  for  the  first  time 
almost  literally  translated,  was  performed  on  the 
same  boards  :  Othello,  I  learn,  has  since  been  pro- 
duced. This  speaks  well  indeed  :  the  great  plays, 
like  the  "  quality  of  mercy,"  are  "  twice-blest." 
The  Bard  of  Avon  in  the  country  of  Livius,  of 
Plautus,  and  of  Terence  ;  the  sons  of  those  who 
aided  the  "  run  "  of  the  Eunuchus  listening  "  ar- 
rectis  auribus"  to  the  monologue  of  Hamlet;  the 
inheritors  of  the  finest  poetry  that  has  instructed 
and  charmed  mankind,  perhaps  brought  to  con- 
fess with  old  Meres  that,  even  "as  the  soule  of 
Euphorbus  was  thought  to  live  in  Pythagoras,  soe 
the  sweete  wittie  soule  of  Ovid  lives  in  the  melli- 
fluous and  hony-tongued  Shakspeare!"  — 

"  And  who  in  time  knows,  whither  we  may  vent 
This  treasure  of  our  tongue,  to  what  strange  shores 
This  gain  of  our  best  glory  shall  be  sent 
T'  enrich  unknowing  nations  with  our  stores? 
What  worlds  in  the  yet  unformed  Occident 
May  come  refined  with  the  accents  that  are  ours?  " 
SAMUEL  DANIEL,  JHusophilus. 

WILLIAM  BATES. 

Edgbaston. 


FOLK  LORE. 

BERKSHIRE  FOLK  LORE. — Having  lately  attended 
a  funeral  in  Berkshire,  I  became  acquainted  with 
the  following  curious  pieces  of  superstition  enter- 
tained by  an  old  nurse  who  had  been  with  the  de- 
ceased at  and  for  some  time  previous  to  her  death. 
When  I  went  to  see  the  deceased  she  insisted  on 


2»«»  S.  IX.  MAY  19.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


381 


my  touching  her  forehead  with  my  hand  to  pre- 
vent me  from  dreaming  about  her. 

She  also  insisted  on  some  one  going  in  arid  out  j 
of  the   room   constantly   until   the   funeral  took 
place ;  and  refused  to  shut  the  house  door  when 
the  body  was  placed  in  the  hearse,  under  the  idea 
that  she  would  be  shutting  out  her  old  mistress. 

AGRICOLA. 

BOHEMIAN  FOLK  LORE.  — 

"  In  Bohemia  the  peasantry  hold  it  unlucky  to  walk  ! 
under  a  rainbow  ;  and  they  say  that  the  rain  which  de-  j 
scends  through  the  bow  blights  all  it  falls  upon."—  j 
White's  Northumberland,  p.  348. 

E.  H.  A. 

EGYPTIAN  FOLK-LORE.  —  I  select  this  curious 
little  piece  of  Egyptian  folk-lore,  because  it  is 
parallel  to  a  similar  superstition  already  recorded 
in  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  I  have  not  a  refer- 
once  to  the  particular  page  at  which  it  is  printed ; 
but  there,  I  think,  pieces  of  money  collected  from 
different  persons  are  required  to  form  the  charm : — 

"  A  ridiculous  ceremony  is  practised  for  the  cure  of  a 
pimple  on  the  edge  of  the  eye-lid,  or  what  we  commonly 
call  a  '  sty,'  and  which  is  termed  in  Egypt  shahh'-hhateh ;  i 
a  word  which  literally  signifies  '  a  female  beggar.'    The  1 
person  affected  with  it  goes  to  any  seven  women  of  the 
name  of  Ea't'meh,  in  seven. different  houses,  and  begs  from  j 
each  of  them  a  morsel  of  bread ;  these  seven  morsels  con- 
stitute the  remedy."  —  Lane's  Modern  Egyptians,  chap- 
ter xi. 

W.  SPARROW  SIMPSON. 

FOUR-BLADED  CLOVER.  —  There  is  a  belief 
'nmong  many  of  "  the  people  "  in  my  neighbour- 
hood of  a  particular  virtue  or  power  given  to  the 
possessor  of  a  four-bladed  clover.  An  old  woman, 
deep  in  the  superstitions  and  mystic  lore  of  the 
"  auld  times  "  which  still  lingers  in  the  far  North, 
and  whom  I  am  in  the  habit  of  consulting  on 
these  superstitions,  informs  me  that  the  possession 
of  this  leaf  gives  infallible  means  to  its  possessor 
of  discovering  when  "glamour,"  or,  as  she  ex- 
pressed it,  "anybody's  practising  witchcraft  on 
you."  She  gave  the  following  instance,  which  I 
"  make  a  Note  of"  for  the  amusement  of  the  rea- 
ders of  "  N.  &  Q. : "  — 

A  woman  returning  from  the  field  with  asheet- 
ful  of  clover,  passing  the  village  green,  stands 
amid  the  rustic  crowd  to  witness  the  performance 
of  sleight-of-hand  tricks,  balancing,  &c.,  by  a 
mountebank  who  is  astonishing  the  villagers  by  his 
wonders.  For  a  few  minutes  only  had  she  looked 
on  when  she  began  to  cry  out  that  the  poor  player 
was ;  deceiving  the  people  —  playing  witchcraft 
upon  them,  that  the  immense  poles  he  was  balanc- 
ing were  but  straws.  The  crowd  on  hearing  her 
immediately  set  on  the  performer,  who  was  ob- 
liged to  beat  a  quick  retreat  to  save  his  apparatus 
from  destruction.  The  power  given  to  the  woman 
was  universally  ascribed  to  the  fact  of  her  having 
a  four-bladed  clover  amid  the  heap  on  her  back. 

My  informant  also  mentioned  that  the  virtue 


to  discern  the  glamour  would  fly  away  if  the  pos- 
sessors were  conscious  or  remembered  that  they 
had  in  their  possession  the  four-bladed  leaf. 

Will  any  of  your  readers  say  if  this  belief  is 
prevalent  in  any  other  quarter?  Some  few  years 
ago,  about  fifty  miles  from  this  place,  walking 
through  a  field  I  observed  a  herd- boy  diligently 
searching  for  something.  On  making  inquiry  I 
found  he  was  employed  looking  for  four-bladed 
clovers:  when  discovered  he  did  not  pull  them, 
but  put  a  stone  as  a  mark  to  show  where  they 
lay.  He  gave  me  the  same  reply  as  the  old  wo- 
man as  to  their  peculiar  virtue.  J.  N. 
Inverness. 

NORFOLK  POPULAR  NAME  FOR  THE  TOOTH- 
ACHE.—  It  may  be  worth  noting  as  a  piece  of 
Norfolk  folk-lore  that  the  tooth-ache  is  commonly 
called  the  "  love  pain,"  and  therefore  the  sufferer 
does  not  receive  much  commiseration. 

B.  B.  WOODWARD. 

Haverstock  Hill. 

PLOUGH  MONDAY. — This  day  (the  first  Monday 
after  Epiphany)  is  still  observed  in  Huntingdon- 
shire. The  mummers  are  called  "  PI  ough- witch - 
ers,"  and  their  ceremony  "  Plough-witching."  I 
made  a  Note  of  this,  as  I  do  not  meet  with  the 
term  in  Hone,  or  other  authorities  within  my 
reach.  The  nearest  approach  that  I  find  to  the 
term  is  in  a  quotation  given  by  Hone  (Year  Booh,  i. 
57.)  from  a  Brief e  Relation,  &c.,  published  in  1646, 
wherein  the  writer  says,  that  the  Monday  after 
Twelfth  Day  is  called  "  Plowlick  Monday  by  the 
husbandmen  in  Norfolk,  because  on  that  day  they 
doe  first  begin  to  plough."  CUTHBEBT  BEDE. 


BIOGRAPHY  AND  HERO-WORSHIP. 
The  following  passage  from  a  Review  of  "  Lord 
Macaulay's  Biographies"  in  The  Saturday  Review 
for  March  24,  is  worth  making  a  Note  of:  — 

"  Lord  Macaulay  is  one  of  the  very  few  biographers  of 
the  present  age  who  is  absolutely  free  from  the  vice  — 
which,  in  these  days,  is  sometimes  justified  as  a  merit  — 
of  worshipping  the  subjects  of  his  Biographies.  He  writes 
about  eminent  men  as  one  who  is  eminent  himself,  and 
who  accordingly  does  not  overrate  the  value  of  the  at- 
tainments which  he  commemorates.  Biographers  often 
seem  to  think  that  the  mere  fact  that  they  have  taken 
the  trouble  to  write  a  book  about  a  man  is  in  itself  suf- 
ficient proof  that  everything  that  relates  to  him  is  im- 
portant and  interesting,  and  that  his  character  forms  a 
whole  deserving  both  of  respect  and  of  sympathy.  Lord 
Macaulay  was  quite  free  from  this  weakness.  He  was 
fully  aware  of  the  petty  side  of  the  characters  which  he 
described,  and  was  by  no  means  disposed  to  refine  away 
serious  faults  into  mere  picturesque  traits,  aiding  rather 
than  injuring  the  general  effect  of  the  whole  character. 
In  describing  GOLDSMITH,  for  example,  he  comments 
with  strong  and  very  plain-spoken  disapproval  on  the 
many  vices  by  which  his  character  was  defaced,  and 
points  out  the  fact  that,  after  all,  his  merits  lay  prin- 
cipally in  his  style,  and  that  in  every  stage  of  his  life  he 


382 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  IX.  MAY  19.  'GO. 


had  himself  to  thank  for  the  misfortunes  vrhich  beset 
him,  and  which  caused  him  at  last  to  die  with  an  em- 
phatic declaration  that  his  mind  was  not  at  ease.  Moat 
of  Goldsmith's  other  biographers  have  been  imposed 
upon  by  his  reputation,  and  have  thought  themselves 
bound  to  put  an  attractive  varnish  on  the  character  of 
the  author  of  the  Vicar  of  JVakefield  and  The  Deserted 
Village,  whether  he  deserved  it  or  not. 

"The  Life  of  Goldsmith  is  principally  remarkable  for 
the  evidence  which  it  supplies  of  its  author's  superiority 
to  the  vulgar  prejudice  that  a  man  is  entitled  to  any  par- 
ticular respect  because  he  is  famous.  He  has  the  honesty 
to  perceive,  and  the  courage  to  say,  that  though  Gold- 
smith had  a  very  pleasant  style,  and  was  the  author  of  a 
few  works  which,  in  all  probability,  will  last  as  long  as 
the  language,  he  was  an  idle,  an  ignorant,  a  very  dis- 
reputable, or  rather  profligate,  and  anything  but  a  very 
honest  man.  It  is  a  strange  thing  that  such  a  man's 
memory  should  be  invested  with  all  sorts  of  glory  merely 
because  he  wrote  a  small  quantity  of  pleasing  poetry,  a 
good  comedy,  and  a  pretty  novel.  The  absence  of  ap- 
plause with  "which  Lord  Macaulay  describes  his  life  is 
very  satisfactory."— Vol.  ix.  pp.  373—4. 

In  an  amusing  article  in  the  same  Review, 
entitled  "  Personal  Confidences,"  it  is  well  re- 
marked :  — 

"  The  notion  that  to  know  trifles  about  a  man  is  to 
know  the  man  himself  has  been  so  sedulously  inculcated 
by  critics  and  biographers,  that  great  enthusiasm  has 
been  awakened  in  the  vulgar  mind  to  join  in  the  collec- 
tion of  literary  materials,"  &c.— Vol.  ix.  p.  395. 

Let  me  add  a  dictum  of  Jones  of  Nayland  :  — 
"  To  take  little  things  for  great,  and  great  for  little, 
is  the  worst  misfortune  that  can  befal  the  Human  Under- 
standing." 

Amid  the  mass  of  political  and  merely  ephe- 
meral matter  with  which  the  Saturday  Review 
abounds,  there  are  Reviews  and  Essays,  often  of 
uncommon  merit,  on  various  subjects  of  enduring 
interest.  It  were  much  to  be  wished  that  the 
more  remarkable  should  be  selected  from  time  to 
time  and  published  in  a  separate  and  permanent 
form.  The  same  end  might  be  attained  by  printing 
the  Essays  and  Reviews  so  that  they  might  be 
purchased  and  bound  with  or  without  the  political 
and  newspaper  Articles,  if  such  a  plan  would  be 
practicable.  EIRIONNACH. 


SPEECHES  OF  BACON  AND  YELVERTON  IN 
THE  DEBATE  ON  IMPOSITIONS,  1610. 

The  debate  in  1610  upon  the  king's  claim  to 
levy  impositions  without  the  consent  of  Parlia- 
ment took  place  in  committee,  and  consequently 
obtained  only  a  very  meagre  notice  in  the  Jour- 
nals. The  only  available  materials  for  a  know- 
ledge of  the  arguments  used  have  hitherto  been 
the  speeches  of  Bacon  on  one  side,  and  of  Hake- 
Avill  and  Yelverton  on  the  other,  printed  in  the 
State  Trials. 

There  are,  however,  to  be  found  notes  of  the 
•whole  debate  in  the  Sloane  MS.  (4210.),  from 
which  I  recently  extracted  an  account  of  the 
winter  session  of  the  same  year.  . 


Bacon's  speech  in  defence  of  the  prerogative  is 
justly  characterised  by  Mr.  Hallam  as  inferior  in 
argument  to  those  on  the  other  side.  Yet  Mr. 
Hallam  hardly  had  an  opportunity  of  passing  a 
fair  judgment,  as  the  printed  speech  is  only  a 
fragment  of  the  speech  which  was  actually  de- 
livered. 

The  speech  is  to  be  found  at  fol.  48.  a  in  the 
MS.  The  notes  of  the  earlier  part  are  only  valu- 
able so  far  as  they  serve  to  impress  us  with  a  high 
idea  of  the  accuracy,  as  well  as  of  the  ability,  of 
the  anonymous  reporter. 

From  the  point  where  the  printed  copy  breaks, 
off,  the  notes  proceed  as  follows :  — 

"  Ob[jectio].  No  mentis  of  his  power  in  prerog.  Regis 
Bract  Bryton  or  other  authors. 

"  Sol[utio].  Case  demynes —  the  king  hath  many  pre- 
rog. not  menconed  in  that  statute. 

*'  Jus  f  Pu^licu  frequent  in  wryters. 
|  Imperii  — rare  to  be  found. 

"Ob.  An  Aspersio  drawne  fro  the  proceedings  against 
the  Lo.  Latimer. 

"Sol.  He  ransackt  the  people  —  toke  interest  of  the 
king  for  his  owne  mony. 

"  The}'  did  this  of  theyre  owne  authority  &  no  sentence 
against  Lyons*  till  the  king  had  disavowed  hym. 

"  Ob.  The  kings  power  is  restraynd  bv  Acts  of  par- 
liam*. 

"Sol.  Those  statutes  of  2  natures. 

"  1.  That  the  king  shall  not  impose. 

"  2.  The  secod  sorte  make  open  trade. 

"  Those  that  be  express!}'  restrictive. 

"  Magn.  Ch. 

"25  E  I.  7  the  maletolle  of  wools  of  40s.  p  pack  & 
such  other  should  be  no  more  take  but  the  6th  chapter 
extends  to  taxes  &  tallages  only  wthin  land 

"  Wool  or  such  things,  i.  e.  woolfells  &  lether  &  no 
other  things  proved  by  14  E  3  cap  21  made  upoa  petitio 
tvch  was  made  of  5  things  —  wools  —  fells  —  lether  — 
leade  —  tyn.  The  king  grants  mitigaco  for  the  3  wool — 
fells  —  &  lether  —  but  for  leade  &  tynne  he  would  not 
heare  of  it. 

"  So  45  E  3—4  &  11  R 2  cap  9  The  kinge  byndes  his 
power  to  impose  only  upon  those  three  comodities  —  So 
these  stats  applie  the  words  such  things  to  those  3  things, 
statutes  "  l'lje  statutes  of  free  trade  make  nothing.  15  E  3 
of  free  [Stat  3}  cap  5  says  there  shall  be  free  trade,  but 

ade-  that  is  according  to  the. statute  of  14  E  3  [st.  2] 
Ca  2  &  the  words  of  that  lawe  was  —  payige  subsidies 
&  customes  &  other  reasonable  proffits.  Reasonable  i.  e. 
not  certayne  but  arbitrary  &  uncertayne  wch  must  needs 
be  meant  of  Impositions. 

"  Many  authorities  that  kings    shall   not   be 
words!1  hound  by  genall  words  —  Samso  not  to  be  bound 
by  cobwebs  but  by  cordes. 

"  L.  Berkleys  case,  The  king  bound  to  give  an  Additio 
because  Incitement  is  named. 

"  9  E  3.  25  E  3.  22  R  2.  H  4  all  statutes  of  open  trade 
directly  levyed  to  the  Intrusions  of  Corporations  —  not  to 
be  extended  to  the  kings  power,  for  that  were  aliud  agere 
then  the  lawmakers  intended. 

"  Ob.  The  kinge  may  not  impose,  but  upo  a  restraynt 
by  parliamt. 

"  Sol.  Then  it  followes  that  if  the  king  have  power  to 
restrayne  wthout  act  of  parl'  he  may  Impose  during  the 
restraynt.  And  that  he  may  restrayne  proved  by  the  4 
mencioned  bv  Mr.  Jones. 


*  See  Rolls  of  Parliament,  vol.  ii.  p.  323. 


S.  IX.  MAY  19.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


383 


"  Imposition  of  wynes  by  restrayiit  by  pcla  No  judg* 
to  overthrow  the  kings  power  but  on  the  other  side. 

"  1  Eliz :  the  Import  of  Coth  held  good  because  it  suc- 
ceeded wool. 

"  But  the  Judges  make  no  mencio  of  that  reaso  —  But 
they  re  reaso  was  because  the  king  might  restrayne  the 
psori  —  He  hathe  Clavis  Eegni.  No  difference  betwene 
the  pso  &  the  goods,  corpor  supra  restinentur  will  you 
force  hvm  to  trade  by  factor. 

"2.  1.  El.  A  second  Judg*  —  Germyn  Cyall  a  dutchma 
who  had  alycence  [from?]  Mary  to  trade  notwithstand- 
ing any  restraynt  or  pclam  made  or  to  be  made. 

*"  He  pleded  his  lycence  &  so  it  was  adjudged  against 
theQ. 

"  3.  Sr  Jo  Smyths  Case  Impos.  of  Allo  3s  4d  p  kyn- 
tall. 

"  Judg*  could  not  be  given  against  Smyth  If  the  Im- 
pos. had  not  bene  lawful!. 

"  4.  Bates  case : 

"2judgu  byway  of  admittance  &  1  expressly  in  the 
poynt.  As  posteriores  leges  priores  abrogut  so  new 
Judgts  avoyd  the  former. 

"  The  records  reverent  ?  things,  but  like  skarcrows. 
"  The  Commo  law. 

"  The  reaso  for  the  Impositio  is  whatsoever  concerns 
the  govemt  of  the  kingdome  as  it  hath  relatio  to  forraye 
parts —  the  law  hathe  reposed  a  speciall  confidence  in  the 
king.  The  law  cannot  provide  for  all  occasions. 

"  The  lawe  doth  repose  no  greater  confidence  in  the 
kinge  in  this  then  in  other  things 

Pardoiig  of  offenders 
dispen'.  of  lawes 
coyne.     warr. 

"  1.  Thoe  you  have  no  remedy  by  law  yet  3*ou  may 
Complayne  in  parlimut  as  yor  ancestors  have  done  by 
petitio. 

•'  And  god  &  nature  hath  provided  a  remedy  —  Costome 
like  an  Ivy  wch  growes  &  clasps  upo  the  tree  of  Comerce. 

"The  king  shall  iudge  of  the  tyme  to  impose.  But 
the  measure  &  excesse  the  Judges  will  moderate.  Noted 
that  Christ  wrought  no  miracle  touching  money  but  once 
—  And  that  was  when  questio  was  of  tribute  money. 

"  So  he  wisheth  that  for  this  sea-penny  (for  it  is  no 
land-pen}').  If  it  be  due  to  Cassar  wee  may  have  it.  But 
if  not  that  wee  may  loose  nett  &  labour  arid  all." 

The  extract  just  given  is  chiefly  valuable  from 
the  name  of  the  speaker.  The  other  point  which 
I  wish  to  notice  is  interesting  for  a  different  rea- 
son. It  is  always  worth  while  to  strip  a  daw  of 
his  borrowed  plumes. 

Mr.  Foss,  in  his  Lives  of  the  Judges,  after  re- 
lating how  Henry  Yelverton  had  sought  an  inter- 
view with  the  king  (vol.  vi.  390.)  to  explain  away 
certain  undutiful  speeches  which  bad  been  attri- 
buted to  him,  proceeds  to  say  :  — 

"The  whole  transaction  of  the  reconciliation  is  very 

creditable  to  all  the  parties These  scenes  were 

enacted  in  January,  1609-10,  and  nothing  can  better 
prove  that  they  were  not  intended,  and  did  not  operate 
to  restrain  Yelverton  from  expressing  any  views  he  might 
have  with  regard  to  pending  discussions,  than  his  compo- 
sition, a  few  months  after,  of  a  learned  and  unanswerable 
argument  against  the  impositions  of  the  crown  on  mer- 
chandise without  the  consent  of  Parliament." 

On  the  other  hanc^a  contemporary  letter  of 
Dudley  Carleton's  (Court  and  Times  of  James  /., 
i.  120.),  speaks  of  Yelverton's  speech  in  the  fol- 
lowing terms  :  — 


"  On  the  other  side  [i.  e.  on  the  side  of  the  preroga- 
tive] the  solicitor,  the  attorney,  and  Sergeant  Dod- 
deridge,  with  Henry  Yelverton,  whom  I  must  name 
amongst  others  of  that  side,  but  with  this  difference, 
that  as  all  those  whom  I  have  named  did  so  well  that  it 
is  hard  to  say  who  did  best;  so,  without  question,  both  of 
these,  and  all  others  that  spake,  this  Henry  the  hardy 
had  the  honour  to  do  absolutely  the  worst,  and  for  ty- 
rannical positions  that  he  was  bold  to  bluster  out,  was  so 
well  canvassed  by  all  that  followed  him,  that  he  hath 
scarce  shewed  his  head  ever  since." 

The  difficulty  is  solved  by  the  note-taker.  The 
real  speech  of  Yelverton  fully  bears  out  Carle- 
ton's  description  of  it.  The  speech  usually  as- 
signed to  him,  which  is  printed  in  the  State  Trials 
as  his,  is  in  reality  the  speech  of  James  White- 
locke,  the  father  of  the  better  known  Bulstrode 
Whitelocke,  and  himself  afterwards  one  of  the 
Justices  of  the  King's  Bench. 

When  the  speech  was  published  in  1641,  it  was 
said  to  have  been  delivered  "  by  a  late  eminent 
Judge  of  this  nation."  The  name  of  Yelverton 
was  supplied  by  a  conjecture  which  is  now  proved 
to  be  false.  This  will  explain  a  difficulty  which 
Mr.  Foss  evidently  feels  in  his  Life  of  Whitelocke 
(vol.  vi.  376.). 

"  It  was  probably  some  freedom  of  language  in  which 
he  [i.  e.  Whitelocke]  indulged  in  that  parliament  that 
excited  the  king's  displeasure ;  for  it  is  difficult  other- 
wise to  understand  the  reason  of  his  prosecution  in  1613. 
His  '  simply  giving  a  private  verbal  opinion  as  a  Barris- 
ter,' as  the  charge  is  generally  represented,  is  too  absurd 

and  incredible  even  for  those  arbitrary  times His 

son,  in  a  speech  to  the  Long  Parliament,  publicly  and  with- 
out contradiction,  attributed  his  father's  imprisonment  to 
« what  he  said  and  did  in  a  former  Parliament.'  " 

S.  R.  GARDINER. 


JHfnor 

A  NEW  MODE  OF  CANONISATION. — The  inser- 
tion of  the  following  newspaper  paragraph  in 
"  N.  &  Q."  may  save  some  curious  speculator  a 
good  deal  of  trouble  a  thousand  years  hence  :  — 

"  The  Gentleman's  Magazine,  in  noticing  the  progress 
of  architecture,  mentions  the  following  comical  canonisa- 
tion : — «  The  Independents  follow  closely  in  the  wake  of 
the  church.  They  have  got  over  their  objections  to 
steeples  and  crosses,  and  now,  it  would  seem,  to  the  names 
of  Saints.  St.  David's,  Lewisham  Road,  the  first  Inde- 
pendent church,  we  believe,  with  a  saintly  title,  is  so 
named  in  honour  of  the  late  Lord  Mayor,  Alderman 
David  Wire,  under  whose  patronage  it  was  built.' " 

By  the  way,  are  there  any  other  instances  of 
Dissenting  places  of  worship  being  named  after 
an  imaginary  or  orthodox  Saint  ?  T.  LAMPRAX". 

BUNYAN'S  PILGRIM'S  PROGRESS. — Lord  Macau- 
lay,  in  his  "  Life  of  Bunyan,"  written  for  the 
Encyclopaedia  Britannica,  asserts  that  "  Not  a 
single  copy  of  the  first  edition  is  known  to  be  in 
existence.  The  year  of  publication  has  not  been 
ascertained."  This  statement  is  incorrect.  Mr. 
Offor,  in  preparing  his  valuable  edition  of  The 


384 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  MAY  19.  '60. 


Pilgrim's  Progress  (which  was  published  by  the 
Hanserd  Knollys'  Society  in  1847,  had  the  use  of 
a  fine  copy  of  the  first  edition,  to  which  he  thus 
refers  in  his  Introduction  (p.  cxix.)  :  — 

"  The  first  edition  of  the  Pilgrim's  Progress  was  pub- 
lished in  a  foolscap  8vo.  in  1678.  This  volume  is  of  ex- 
traordinary merits,  only  one  copy  being  known  to  exist, 
and  that  in  the  most  beautiful  preservation,  in  the  original 
binding,  clean  and  perfect.  It  was  discovered  in  a  noble- 
man's library,  and  judging  from  its  appearance,  had  never 
been  read.  It  is  now  in  the  cabinet  of  R.  S.  Holford,  Esq., 
of  Weston  Birt  House,  Tetbury,  Gloucestershire." 

LETHREDIENSIS. 

TOBACCO,  ITS  TERCENTENARY,  ETC. — I  send  an 
extract  from  old  Theophilus  Gale,  who,  in  his 
Court  of  the  Gentiles  (part  n.  p.  365.,  &c.,  4to., 
London,  1676),  speaks  at  some  length  upon  the 
subject  of  tobacco :  — 

"  We  may  add  Tabaco,  which  is  an  ignite  plant,  called 
by  the  native  Americans  Picielt,  by  those  of  Hispaniola 
Pete  be  cenuc,  as  by  those  of  New  France,  Peti,  Petum, 
and  Petunum.  It  was  called  by  the  French  Nicotiana, 
from  John  Nicotius,  etnbassador  to  the  king  of  France, 
who,  An.  1559,  first  sent  this  plant  into  France.  But 
now  it  is  generally  by  us  Europeans  termed  Tabaco 
(which  we  improperly  pronounce  Tobacco),  a  name  first 
given  it  by  the  Spaniards  from  their  island  Tabaco,  which 
abounded  with  this  plant;  whereof  had  Plato  had  as 
much  experience  as  we,  he  would,  without  all  peradven- 
ture,  have  philosophised  thereon.  They  say  we  are  be- 
holding to  Sir  Francis  Drake's  mariners  for  the  knowledge 
and  use  of  this  plant,  who  brought  its  seed  from  Virginie 
into  England  about  the  year  1585.  They  recite  many 
virtues  proper  to  it,  as  that  it  voideth  rheumes,  tough 
flegmes,  &c.  I  shall  not  deny  but  that  Tabaco  may 
have  a  good  use,  both  common  and  medicinal,  when 
taken  moderately,  by  such  as  it  is  proper  for.  As  (1.)  I 
grant  it  to  be  useful  to  mariners  at  sea,  if  taken  with 
discretion,  for  the  evacuation  of  those  pituitous  humours, 
which  they  contract  by  the  injury  of  marine  vapours ; 
as  also  for  soldiers  when  in  their  camp,  for  a  parile 
reason.  (2.)  Neither  do  I  deny  its  medicinal  use  in  many 
cases,  specially  for  cold,  pituitous,  phlegmatic  bodies, 
when  taken  with  discretion  and  moderation.  Though  I 
conceive  the  chewing  of  its  leafe  to  be  far  more  medicinal 
and  less  noxious  than  the  smoke  in  most  cases :  of  which 
see  Mctgnenus  de  Tabaco,  Exercit  9.  §  1.,  &c.  But  what- 
ever its  virtues  may  be  when  taken  medicinally,  it  is 
without  doubt,  as  generally  now  taken  in  England,  the 
cause  of  many  great  diseases.  It  is  universally  confessed 
that  its  nature  is  narcotic  and  stupifying:  whence  it 
cannot  but  be  very  hurtful  to  the  brain  and  nerves,  cans- 
ing  epilepsies,  apoplexies,  lethargies,  and  paralytic  dis- 
tempers. I  had  three  friends,  and  two  of  them  worthy 
divines,  taken  away  by  apoplexies  within  the  space  of 
an  year,  all  great  Tabaconists.  Again,  it  fills  the  brain 
with  fuliginose  black  vapors  or  smoke,  like  the  soot  of  a 
chimney.  Pauvius,  a  great  anatomist,  and  Falkenbur- 
gius,  aflSrme,  that  by  the  abuse  of  this  fume,  the  brain 
contracts  a  kind  of  black  soot;  and  they  prove  the 
opinion  both  by  experience  and  reason.  Raphelengius 
relates  that  Pauvius,  dissecting  one  that  had  been  a  great 
smoker,  found  his  brain  clothed  with  a  kind  of  black 
soot.  And  Falkenburgius  proves  by  three  reasons,  That 
not  only  fuliginose  vapours,  but  also  a  black  crust,  like  that 
of  the  soot  on  a  chimney  back,  is  contracted  on  the  skull  by 
the  immoderate  use  of  Tabaco." 

B.  H.  C. 


PHILOLOGICAL  CHANGES  :    THE   VOWEL    A.  — 

Some  of  the  most  interesting  phenomena  in  phi- 
lology are  those  connected  with  the  changes  in 
pronunciation  and  structure. 

Thus  in  Wallach,  as  in  the  other  modern 
branches  of  the  Latin  stock,  will  be  found  the 
conjugation  of  the  verb  by  auxiliaries,  an  opera- 
tion which  must  have  taken  place  independently 
of  the  Spanish  and  Portuguese,  for  instance,  and 
independently  of  Germanic  influence,  which  has 
been  sometimes  assigned  as  a  cause. 

In  many  of  the  European  languages,  as  is  well 
known,  the  vowel  a  at  a  former  period  received 
the  sound  of  aw,  generally  modified  to  ah,  and  in 
English  to  ay.  '  The  French  perhaps  retained  this 
the  longest,  for  many  of  the  emigres  in  the  pre- 
sent century  used  the  aw,  and  it  is  still  adopted 
in  some  patois. 

In  Turkish  the  same  phenomenon  of  change  has 
taken  place.  With  regard  to  gutturals  this  fact 
has  been  acknowledged  to  me  by  many  eminent 
Turks,  but  the  vowel  a  has,  as  in  the  languages 
of  Western  Europe,  been  modified  from  aw  to  ah. 
Of  this  kind  are  many  evidences  in  the  contem- 
porary writers  of  the  seventeenth  century.  The 
word  tiofiee  is  a  notorious  example,  whereas  the 
French  word  now  more  nearly  represents  the 
Turkish  pronunciation.  Take  for  example  Greaves's 
Description  of  the  Seraglio  in  1638  (London,  1637). 
Pacha  is  called  Bashaw  ;  Nishan,  Nishawn ;  Kitab, 
Kitawb  ;  Khan,  Khawn  ;  Hatti  Humayoon,  Haiti 
Humawyoon ;  Padishah,  Pawdishawh ;  Sham, 
Shawn ;  Hamam,  Hamawn ;  Shahzadeh,  Shawh- 
zawdeh. 

So  of  the  gutturals  Greaves  and  his  contem- 
poraries not  only  wrote  but  spoke  Agha,  Beg, 
Yoghourd. 

It  is  to  be  observed  that  the  pronunciation 
generally  of  Greaves  is  conformable  with  modern 
pronunciation. 

Ahmed  Vefick  Effendi  and  some  other  distin- 
guished scholars  are  of  opinion  that  the  suppres- 
sion of  gutturals  took  place  three  or  four  centuries 
ago,  but  there  is  abundant  evidence  that  it  pre- 
vailed at  Constantinople  in  the  seventeenth  and 
even  eighteenth  centuries,  as  it  does  in  some  parts 
.of  the  empire  still. 

Arabic  was  at  the  Corresponding  period  pro- 
nounced at  Constantinople  in  the  same  way,  as 
Allawh  for  Allah.  HYDE  CLARKE. 

Smvrna. 


THE  KEV.  THOMAS  COLLINS.  —  Wooll,  in  his 
Memoir  of  Joseph  Warton,  speaks  very  highly  of 
this  T.  C.,  who  was  usher  at  Winchester  school ; 
and  adds  that  he  resigned  in  1784,  and,  "  after 
many  years  of  accumulated  sorrow  and  anxiety, 
originating  in  the  guilt  of  others,  and  arising 


2nd  S.  IX.  MAY  19.  'GO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


385 


from  sources  to  which  he  naturally  looked  for- 
ward for  comfort  and  felicity,  and  after  sur- 
viving three  excellent  daughters,"  he  died  in  his^ 
seventy -fifth  year.  It  is  easy,  of  course,  to 
imagine  many  circumstances  which  may  have  in- 
duced Wooll  to  write  in  this  mysterious  way  ; 
but  no  purpose  can  now  be  answered  by  conceal- 
ment, and  no  feelings  hurt  by  disclosure.  Can 
any  Wykehamist  or  other  correspondent  explain 
what  was  the  cause  of  Collins's  sorrow  and 
anxiety  ?  T.  R.  T. 

HERALDIC  QUERY.— On  one  of  the  fly-leaves  of 
my  copy  of  the  celebrated  edition  of  Horace, 
printed  at  Strasburg  in  1498,  by  John  Griininger, 
alias  Giirninger,  alias  Grieninger,  is  pasted  a 
spirited  book-plate,  corresponding  to  the  fol- 
lowing description :  — 

Arms.  Azure,  3  stags  proper  courant,  two 
over  one. 

Crest.  On  a  royal  or  ducal  helmet,  a  winged 
stag  salient  naissant. 

Supporters.  On  the  dexter  side  a  griffin,  on 
the  sinister  a  lion. 

Motto.     Groeninghe  velt. 

Query,  the  name  of  the  possessor  of  these  arms ; 
the  meaning  of  the  motto  ;  the  connexion,  if  any, 
between  the  word  groeninghe  and  the  name  of  the 
printer  of  the  book.  X. 

West  Derb}-. 

TAYLOR  THE  WATER-POET.  —  Taylor,  at  the 
commencement  of  the  rebellion  in  1642,  retired 
from  London  to  Oxford,  where  he  kept  a  vic- 
tualling house  and  wrote  pasquils  against  the 
Koundheads.  But  when  the  garrison  at  Oxford 
surrendered,  he  came  again  to  London,  and  kept 
a  publichouse  in  Phoenix  Alley,  near  Long  Acre ; 
where,  after  the  king's  death,  making  his  loyalty 
apparent,  he  set  up  for  a  sign  a  mourning  crown  : 
but  this  proving  distasteful,  he  had  it  taken  down, 
and  replaced  with  his  own  portrait  with  this 
couplet  underwritten :  — 

"  There's  many  a  head  stands  for  a  sign, 
Then,  gentle  reader,  why  not  mine?  " 

Doubtless  for  some  of  these  pasquils,  or  some 
other  causes,  he  rendered  himself  obnoxious  to 
the  ruling  government :  as  the  Council  Book, 
under  date  of  Wednesday,  Aug.  15,  1649,  affords 
the  following  entry.  It  is  addressed  to  Edward 
Dendy,  Sergeant-at-Arms. 

"  These  are  to  will  and  require  you  upon  the  sight 
hereof  to  make  yor  repaire  to  any  place  where  you  shall 
understand  the  person  of  John  Taytour,  commonly  called 
the  water-poet,  to  be,  and  him  you  shall  apprehend  and 
shall  seize  upon  all  his  papers,  wch  you  shall  seale  up, 
and  shall  bring  both  his  person  and  his  papers  to  the 
Counsel!,  it  being  for  keeping  intelligence  wth  the  ene- 
mies of  this  Commonwealth ;  and  all  officers,  as  well  civill 
as  military,  and  all  souldiers  and  others,  are  hereby  re- 
quired to" be  assistant  unto  you  in  the  execucon  hereof, 
whereof  they  nor  you  are  not  to  fayle ;  And  for  vrch  these 


shall  be  their  and  yor  sufficient  warrant.     Given  at  the 
Counsel!  of  state  at  Whitehall,  this  15th  of  August,  1649." 

If  I  am  right  in  my  conjecture  that  he  made 
his  "  Wanderings  to  see  the  wonders  of  the  West" 
in  1649,  as  he  arrived  at  the  conclusion  of  his  tour 
in  London  on  the  4th  of  August,  it  would  seem, 
that  the  usurper's  bloodhounds  did  not  suffer  the 
Royalist  long  to  repose  after  his  western  journey 
before  they  hunted  him  up.  I  am  curious,  how- 
ever, to  ascertain  whether  the  poet  was  appre- 
hended, or  any  ulterior  proceedings  taken  upon 
the  above  order.  ITHURIEL. 

MARY  GLOVER — HER  MAIDEN  NAME  ? — Can  any 
one  tell  me  the  maiden  name  of  Mary,  the  wife  of 
Robert  Glover,  who  was  burnt  at  Coventry  on  a 
charge  of  heresy,  19th  September,  1555  ?  Robert 
Glover  was  of  Newhouse-Grange,  co.  Leicester  ; 
and  his  wife,  Mary,  appears  to  have  been  a  niece 
of  Bishop  Latirner.  J.  SANSOM. 

"  SKETCH  OF  IRISH  HISTORY.'*  —  Who  was  the 
author  of  A  Sketch  of  Irish  History,  compiled  by 
way  of  Question  and  Answer,  for  the  Use  of 
Schools,  which  was  "printed  in  the  year  of  our 
Lord  1815,"  12mo.,  pp.  55.  ?  In  Lowndes's  Bib* 
liographers'  Manual  (Bohn's  edit.),  voKiii.  p.  1 168., 
it  is  said  to  have  been  suppressed.  I  have  a  copy; 
and  having  examined  it,  I  am  not  at  all  surprised 
to  hear  that  it  was  withdrawn  from  public  view. 

ABHBA. 

JOHN  LEYDEN.  —  Before  leaving  Britain  for 
India  it  is  known  that  this  delightful  poet  sat  for 
his  portrait  in  London,  which  was  to  a  great  ex- 
tent completed.  Rumour  says  that  it  afterwards 
found  its  way  into  the  hands  of  the  late  Mr. 
Heber,  a  friend  of  the  poet,  since  which  all  traces 
of  it  have  been  lost.  As  there  is  a  very  anxious 
wish  on  the  part  of  the  poet's  friends  to  recover 
this  portrait,  if  in  existence,  can  any  of  your  readers 
assist  them  in  the  pursuit  ?  T. 

THE  WIT  or  LANE.-— 

"Many  count  woman  scarce  a  guinea's  worth, 
With  Bouverie's  figure,  with  Northumbria's  birth, 

With  Warren's  grace  and  air ; 
Nay,  if  you  please  to  add  to  it, 
With  Beaufort's  meekness,  half  Lane's  wit, 
Full  half  she  has  to  spare,"  &c. 

(Temple  Luttrell,  Irregular  Odes.') 
u  Her  wit  is  like  the  generous  wit  of  Lane, 
Rather  suppressed  than  uttered  to  give  pain." 

Anon. 

I  wish  to  know  something  more  about  this  lady. 
It  appears  she  had  loit,  which  she  used  rather  pro- 
fusely, and  not  always  in  a  good-natured  way.  I 
conjecture  she  was  one  of  the  Fox-Lane,  now 
Lane-Fox  family,  who,  in  the  last  century,  bore 
the  title  of  Lords  Bingley.  The  lady  in  question 
must  have  been  a  distinguished  member  of  fashion- 
able society,  as  her  name  frequently  occurs  in  the 
publications  of  the  day,  both  in  prose  and  verse. 

W.D. 


386 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  MAY  19.  'CO. 


MRS.  DUGALD  STEWART.  —  This  lady,  whose 
maiden  name  was  Jane  Anne  Cranston,  was  grand- 
daughter of  Lord  Cranston,  co.  Roxburgh,  and 
sister  of  Lord  Corehouse,  an  eminent  judge  at 
Edinburgh.  She  was  authoress  of  an  exquisite 
song  commencing :  — 

«  The  tears  I  shed  must  ever  fall, 
I  mourn  not  for  an  absent  swain."     . 

Of  what  other  pieces  was  she  the  authoress,  and 
where  are  they  to  be  found  ?  T. 

"  THE  DEATH  OF  HEROD." — Is  anything  known 
regarding  the  authorship  of  this  tragedy,  written 
in  imitation  of  Shakspeare,  by  a  gentleman  of 
Hull.  It  is  noticed  in  the  Biographia  Dramatica, 
as  having  been  written  about  1785,  and  as  being 
still  in  MS.  X. 

FISCH  OP  CASTLEJLAW,  BERWICKSHIRE,  1720. — 
Can  anyone  give  me  any  particulars  respecting 
this  family?  They  possessed  lands  in  Fifeshire 
also.  Were  they  a  Fifeshire  family  ?  2.  ©. 

OLIPHANT. —  Some  derive  this  personal  name 
from  the  D.  olifant,  an  elephant ;  but  query,  is 
this  the  proper  etymology,  seeing  that  we  have 
the  name  Qlivant,  the  last  syllable  of  which  would 
appear  to  be  the  same  with  that  in  Bullivant,  Pil- 
livant,  Sturtevant,  &c.  ?  R.  S.  CHARNOCK. 

"  THE  TRIUMPH  OF  FRIENDSHIP."  —  In  The 
Oxford  Miscellany,  8vo.  1752,  there  is  an  un- 
finished Masque  called  "  The  Triumph  of  Friend- 
ship," also  two  acts  of  a  tragedy  without  a  tide. 
Can  you  give  me  any  information  regarding  the 
subject,  or  dramatis  persona,  of  these  pieces  ?  Is 
anything  known  regarding  the  authorship  ?  X. 

"  Do  YOU  KNOW  DR.  WRIGHT  OF  NORWICH  ?  " — 
In  New  York,  several  years  ago,  I  was  at  a  wine- 
party — all  there  were  Englishmen.  The  bottles 
were  at  my  left  hand,  when  a  Cumberland  gen- 
tleman, in  a  loud  voice,  asked  me  if  I  knew  Dr. 
Wright  of  Norwich  ?  I  said  innocently,  and  as  a 
fact, — Yes,  I  knew  a  Dr.  Wright  of  Norwich,  and 
that  he  stood  high  in  his  profession.  This  created 
a  laugh  ;  and  I  found  the  phrase  was  intended  to 
intimate  that  I  was  a  bottle-stopper  !  It  seemed 
to  be  well  known  among  my  English  friends,  and 
to  have  been  used,  by  drinking  men,  many  years 
before  I  heard  it.  Pray  can  any  of  your  readers 
tell  how  it  originated  ?  E. 

New  York. 

DICK  TURPIN.  —  Did  this  famous  highwayman, 
with  great  jack-boots,  gold-lace  coat,  cocked  hat, 
and  mounted  on  his  bonny  Black  Bess,  ever  ride 
from  London  to  York  in  twelve  hours  ?  Or,  with- 
out raising  a  question  as  to  his  costume,  or  the 
colour  of  his  horse,  did  he  perform  the  journey  at 
all? 

Popular  editions  of  his  Trial  say  he  did  —  story- 
books narrate,  in  a  glowing  manner,  how  the  five- 


barred  gate  was  cleared — all  Lives  of  Highway- 
men make  a  chapter  of  the  story  —  old  country- 
men and  red- faced  village  lads  say  he  did  —  nine 
out  of  ten  schoolboys  implicitly  believe  in  the  feat, 
from  the  time  Turpin  left  Highgate  till  he  came 
to  York.  And  Mr.  Harrison  Ainsworth,  in  his 
popular  novel  of  Roohwood,  has  with  infinite  skill 
narrated  the  complete  circumstances  of  the  famous 
ride  according  to  popular  belief. 

But  the  late  Lord  Macaulay  had  no  faith  in  the 
story.  He  was  dining  one  day  at  the  Marquis  of 
Lansdowne's  :  the  subject  of  Turpin's  ride  was 
started,  and  the  old  story  of  the  marvellous  feat 
as  generally  told  was  alluded  to,  when  Macaulay 
astonished  the  company  by  assuring  them  that  the 
entire  tale  from  beginning  to  end  was  false ;  that 
it  was  founded  on  a  tradition  at  least  three  hundred 
years  old;  that,  like  the  same  anecdote  fathered 
on  different  men  in  succeeding  generations,  it  was 
only  told  of  Turpin  because  he  succeeded  the 
original  hero  in  the  public  taste ;  and  that  if  any 
of  the  company  chose  to  go  with  him  to  his  li- 
brary, he  would  prove  to  them  the  truth  of  what 
he  had  stated  in  " black  and  white"  — a  favourite 
phrase  with  Lord  Macaulay. 

Might  I  ask  if  the  old  book  is  known  which 
gives  the  original  of  Turpin's  ride  ?  And  if  so, 
what  is  its  title  ?  JOHN  CAMDEN  HOTTEN. 

Piccadilly. 

EYNSHAM  CROSS.  —  Wanted  some  account  of 
Eynsham  Cross,  Oxon.  ?  Brayley  gives  a  draw- 
ing of  the  cross,  but  no  description  of  it. 

W.  H.  OVERALL,. 

POLWHELE'S  "DEVON,"  ETC. —  1.  Were  the  re- 
maining volumes  of  Polwhele's  Historical  Views 
of  Devonshire  written,  as  Vol.  I.  was  all  that  was 
published  in  1793  ?  If  so,  in  whose  possession 
are  they  ? 

2.  Has  the  Domesday  Book,  as  far  as  relates  to 
Devonshire,  or  the  Exeter  Domesday  Book,  ever 
been  translated  and  published  ?  If  so,  where  can 
they  be  seen  ?  G.  P.  P. 

THE  JUDAS  TREE.  —  At  the  present  moment, 
when  our  own  beautiful  almond  tree  is  covered 
with  its  robe  of  pink  blossoms,  I  am  induced  to 
ask  a  question  concerning  that  which  may  be  said 
to  be,  in  some  sort,  its  representative  in  the  par- 
terres of  Southern  Europe.  I  allude  to  the  so- 
called  Judas  tree  (Cercis  siliquastrum),  which 
almost  every  person  who  happens  to  have  visited 
France  or  Italy  in  the  earlier  part  of  the  year 
must  have  noticed  and  admired:  it  is  not  un- 
known to  our  nurserymen,  nor  in  old  gardens, 
but  does  it  ever,  or  otherwise  than  very  rarely, 
bloom  in  this  country  ?  I  never  saw  it  in  flower ; 
and  a  gentleman  has  just  told  me  that  of  four 
which  he  brought  from  Paris  only  one  put  forth 
a  few  abortive  blossoms  in  the  first  year  of  its 
foliation  in  England,  but  never  afterwards.  Will 


2°*  S.  IX.  MAY  19.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


387 


some  arboricultural  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  favour 
me  with  farther  information  on  the  subject  ?      D. 

BARON  VON  WESTERHOLT.  —  I  shall  feel  much 
obliged  if  some  correspondent  of  "JST.  &  Q.," 
having  access  to  any  work  containing  the  heraldic 
insignia  of  Dutch  families,  will  inform  me  what 
were  the  armorial  bearings  of  the  late  Baron  von 
Westerholt,  who,  about  the  beginning  of  the  pre- 
sent century,  was  a  good  deal  mixed  up  with  re- 
volutionary politics,  and,  I  think,  went  to  the 
United  States  ?  Perhaps  our  constant  and  wel- 
come contributor,  J.  H.  VAN  LENNEP,  could  an- 
swer my  question  ?  S. 

HAMPTON  COURT  BRIDGE.  —  Permit  me  to  in- 
quire relative  to  the  bridge  from  Hampton  Court 
across  the  Thames  to  East  Molesey.  1  have  seen 
two  engravings  of  the  subject.  One  which  is  very 
rare  has  four  towers  in  the  centre,  and  very  elabo- 
rate wooden  railings,  and  hns  underwritten,  "  Vue 
du  Pont  sur  la  Tamise  a  Hampton  Court,"  as  well 
as  in  English.  It  is  represented  with  seven 
arches.  The  other  plate  is  that  of  a  much  more 
simple  structure,  and  there  are  ten  arches.  The 
former  is  represented  in  the  London  Magazine, 
vol.  xxiii.  for  March,  1754,  p.  128. ;  and  I  beg  to 
know,  supposing  them  to  be  two  different  edifices, 
the  date  when  each  was  erected.  A.  A. 

MORE'S  DRAMAS. — Two  of  the  Sacred  Dramas 
of  Hannah  More,  Daniel  in  the  Lions  Den,  and 
Moses  in  the  Bulrushes,  were  altered  for  the  stage 
by  a  gentleman  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Don- 
caster,  and  performed  in  that  town  in  1793.  (I 
think  by  Tate  Wilkinson's  company.)  What  was 
the  name  of  the  gentleman  who  adapted  these 
dramas  for  public  representation  ?  X. 

RODNEY  AND  KEPPEL.  — 

"  What  means  that  thunder  in  the  sky  serene, 
Those  bursts  of  cannon,  with  the  pause  between? 
Hail  to  the  welcome  music  that  I  hear, 
That  sweetest  music  to  an  English  ear! 
The  grateful  sounds  proclaim  insidious  Spain 
Humbled  by  Rodney's  thunder  on  the  main. 
Sweet  are  the  notes'!  but  not,  alas,  to  all  — 
There  are  whose  hearts  the  lofty  sounds  appall  — 
The  notes,  as  hated  as  their  parting  knell, 
Strike  the  mock-patriots  like  the  midnight  bell. 

"  That  burst  again !  and  let  the  peal  go  round  — 
In  Richmond's  ear  it  has  a  dying  sound ; 
Dull  Rockingham  himself  cries  out,  till  hoarse, 
In  haste  to  ily,  '  A  kingdom  for  a  horse ! ' 
Shelburne  starts  back  at  every  cannon's  roar, 
Not  Priestly's  battery  ever  shocked  him  more ; 
The  patriots  all  in  sulky  silence  fret, 
Turn  pale,  and  sicken,  at  the  word  Gazette. 

"Thanks  to  thee,  Rodney  — for,  although  too  brave, 
You  shunned  no  shore,  \Q\ifeared  no  angry  wave; 
Not  tamely  Availing  for  approaching  light, 
You  fought  it  handsomely  that  very  night,"  &c. 

I  forget  the  rest.  The  comparison  between 
Rodney  and  Keppel  is  continued,  to  the  great  dis- 
advantage of  the  latter. 


I  have  the  above  in  MS.,  in  the  country,  but 
never  saw  them  in  print.  They  are  remarkable 
as  appearing  at  a  time  when  political  satire  worth 
reading  was  almost  entirely  engrossed  by  the 
Whigs.  Who  can  have  been  the  author  ? 

The  fight  referred  to  was,  I  suppose,  that  be- 
tween Rodney  and  Langara,  Jan.  16,  1780. 

In  the  above-mentioned  action,  six  sail  of  the 
line,  including  the  admiral's  ship,  were  taken  from 
the  Spaniards.  (Annual  Register.}  W.  D. 

"  ROCK  or  AGES,"  ETC.  —  Can  any  of  your 
readers  give  me  any  info»mation  about  the  accom- 
panying Latin  version  of  "  Rock  of  Ages  ?  "  Is.  it 
a  translation  of  Toplady's  hymn  ?  or  did  Toplady 
translate  from  this  ?  — 

"  Jesu,  pro  me  perforatus, 
Condar  intra  Tuum  latus ; 
Tu  per  lympham  profluentem 
Tu  per  sanguinem  tepenteui 
In  peecata  mi  redunda, 
Tolle  culpam,  sordes  munda. 

"Nil  in  manu  mecum  fero, 
Sed  me  versus  crucem  gero ;    . 
Vestimenta  nudus  oro ; 
Opera  debilis  imploro ; 
Fontem  Christi  quasro  immundus, 
Nisi  laves,  moribundus. 

"  Donee  vita  hos  artus  regit, 
Quando  nox  sepulchre  tegit, 
Mortuos  cum  stare  jubes 
Sedens  judex  inter  nubes, 
Jesu,  pro  me  perforatus 
Condar  inter  Tuum  latus." 

May  I  also  ask  those  of  your  readers  who  have 
any  good  hymns  for  Confirmation,  Harvest,  Em- 
berdays,  Club  Sermons,  Missionary  Sermons,  Bap- 
tisms, Marriages,  School-feasts,  and  such  like 
occasions,  to  be  kind  enough  to  send  me  copies  for 
an  hymn-book  I  am  compiling,  in  union  with 
many  other  clergymen,  for  use  in  church. 

H.  W.  BAKEE. 

Monkland  Vicarage,  Leominster. 

ARCHER.  —  Can  any  correspondent  state  where 
the  will  of  Edward  Archer,  whose  monument 
(1603)  is  still  in  the  church  of  Offington,  Berks, 
is  to  be  found  ?  Also  the  maiden  name  of  his 
wife  ?  Her  arms  were  ....  a  chevron  .  .  .  (no 
tinctures.) 

I  should  also  be  glad  to  learn  where  a  certain 
Rev.  Edward  Archer  of  "Hinton"  died,  and 
where  his  will  is  to  be  found  ?  He  lived  circa 
1660-80,  and  was  preferred  to  the  above  living  at 
the  Restoration.  Q. 

ARMS,  WHOSE  ?  —  H.  S.  R.  has  a  book  in  his 
possession  having  impressed  on  the  sides  the 
shields  mentioned  below.  Can  any  reader  of  "  N. 
&  Q."  inform  him  who  bore  these  arms  ?  Both 
shields  are  ducally  crowned :  that  on  the  front 
of  the  book  has  an  eagle  displayed,  or,  impaling 
an  eagle  displayed  ducally  crowned,  or ;  that  on 


388 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  MAY  19.  '60. 


the  reverse  of  the  book  is  quarterly,  1st  and  4th, 
an  eagle  displayed,  or;  2nd  and  3rd,  vair ;  on 
an  escocheon  of  pretence  three  leopards'  faces,  or. 

BLAKE  FAMILY.  —  Can  any  of  your  correspon- 
dents favour  me  with  information  on  the  following 
subject :  — 

1.  Of  what  family  were  the  brothers  William, 
Benjamin,  and  Nicholas  Allan  Blake,  whose  wills 
are  recorded  in  Jamaica.  Were  they  not  the  de- 
scendants of  Nicholas  Blake  (a  brother  of  the 
celebrated  Admiral),  who  was  styled  a  "  Spanish 
merchant"  ?  B. 

•SHIRLEY.  —  Can  you  inform  me  if  there  is  any 
pedigree  of  the  Shirley  family,  in  which  occurs 
the  name  (maiden  name)  of  Alice  Shirley  in  the 
seventeenth  century  ?  Q. 

WILLIAM  DE  VERNON.  —  Guillaume  de  Vernon, 
Prince,  &c.,  founded  and  endowed  the  church  of 
Notre  Dame,  &c.,  at  Vernon,  Normandy.  Wanted, 
reference  to  any  works  that  will, throw  light  upon 
De  Vernon  ?  "  W.  H.  OVERALL. 

JOHN  WYTHERS.  —  Can  any  correspondent  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  direct  me  where  to  find  the  will  of 
this  individual,  who  was  Dean  of  Battle,  in  Sus- 
sex, and  who  died  and  was  buried  there  in  1615  ? 

T.  HUGHES. 

Chester. 


BIBLE,  1641.— -Will  MR,  OFFOR  kindly  say  of 
what  degree  of  rarity  the  following  book  may  be  ? 
A  Bible  "  printed  at  London  by  Robert  Barker, 
Printer  to  the  King's  Most  Excellent  Majestic ; 
and  by  the  Assignees  of  John  Bill,  1641"  ?  C.  T. 

[After  giving  a  very  long  description  of  his  book  (too 
long  to  print),  C.  T.  omits  to  state  its  size.  It  is  one  of 
a  series  of  editions  from  about  1620  to  1650,  of  which 
very  great  numbers  were  printed.  The  Genealogies  — 
Prayer-Book —  Way  to  True  Happiness —  Brief  Concor- 
dance—  Form  of  Prayer — and  the  Psalms  versified  by 
Sternhold  and  Hopkins,  and  Prayers  —  were  appendages 
which  any  purchaser  might  have  bound  up  with  the 
Bible  of  the  8vo.  size,  or  any  of  them  as  he  pleased. 
My  copy  of  this  Svo.  edition  has  the  words  "  of  God  " 
omitted  in  1  John  v.  12.  Barker  and  Bill's  Bible,  4to., 
1641,  the  book  which  has  Bunyan's  family  register  writ- 
ten in -it,  has  those  words.  All  these  editions  of  our  ordi- 
nary translation  are  of  common  occurrence ;  but  if  C.  T.'s 
copy,  urith  its  additions,  is  fine,  clean,  perfect,  and  large 
margin,  it  is  well  worthy  a  place  in  any  biblical  library. 
All  that  it  appears  to  want  is  the  Prayer-Book,  and  the 
title  to  the  Genealogies.  —  GEORGE  OFFOR.] 

<  "  AN  ESSAY  OF  AFFLICTIONS."  —  I  have  seen  a 
little  privately-printed  volume  in  16mo.,  entitled  : 

"  A  Short  Essay  of  Afflictions,  a  Balme  to  Comfort  if 
not  Cure  those  that  Sinke  or  Languish  under  present 

Misfortunes Written  from  One  of  his  Majestie's 

Garrisons,  as  a  private  Advice  to  his  onely  Sonne,  and  by 
him  printed  to  satisfie  the  Importunity  of  some  particular 
Friends.  1647." 


Is  there  any  other  instance  of  this  peculiar  use 
of  the  word  "  garrison,"  which  is  generally  con- 
sidered a  noun  of  multitude  ?  I  should  be  glad 
of  some  information  about  the  book,  which,  in  a 
recent  sale-catalogue,  was  ascribed  to  J.  Monson  ; 
but  Query,  upon  what  authority  ?  G.  M.  G. 

[The  authority  for  attributing  the  book  to  Sir  John 
Monson,  or  Mounson,  of  South  Carleton,  co.  Lincoln,  is 
Wood's  Fasti  (by  Bliss),  ii.  41.,  who  states  "  he  hath 
written  An  Kssay  of  Afflictions  by  Way  of  Advice  to  his 
Only  Son.  Lond.,  1661-2.  Written  in  the  time  of  the 
unhappy  wars."3 

THE  CASTLE  AND  TOWN  OF  HAVERFORD. —  I 

find  from  Madox's  Baronia  Anglica  that 

"  King  Edward  T.,  in  the  twenty-fourth  year  of  his  reign 
(1296),  by  a  Patent  Letter  of  his  Great  Seal,  committed 
to  Hugh  de  Cressingham  the  Castle  and  Town  of  Haver- 
ford,  with  the  Seal  of  the  Chancery  there,  to  be  kept  by 
him  during  the  King's  pleasure,  at  a  rent  to  be  rendred 
by  Hugh  to  the  Executors  of  Alienor,  late  the  King's 
Consort." 

Was  this  the  town  now  known  as  Haverford- 
west  ?  Who  was  Hugh  de  Cressingham  ?  And 
did  the  castle  and  vill  form  a  portion  of  the  dower 
of  the  Queen  Consort  ?  JOHN  PAVIN  PHILLIPS. 

Haver  ford  west. 

[Th-e  above  reference  is  to  the  present  town  of  Haver- 
fordwest,  a  name  which  is  generally  supposed  to  be  a 
corruption  of  the  Welsh  Hwlfordd.  We  have  failed  to 
trace  any  notice  of  Sir  Hugli  de  Cressingham.] 

IDIOMS.  —  Can  you  refer  me  to  any  work  on 
the  idiomslof  the  Greek  and  Latin  tongues  ?  My 
inability  to  trace  any  in  the  catalogues  at  the 
British  Museum  will  plead  my  excuse  for  troub- 
ling you  or  your  correspondents. 

GEORGE  LLOYD. 

[The  Library  of  the  British  Museum  contains  several 
editions  of  Vigerus,  De  pracipuis  Graces  Dictionis  Idio- 
tismis  (Vigor's  Greek  Idioms).  For  Latin  idioms  we  would 
refer  our  correspondent  to  Tursellinus,  De  particulis 
Latinos,  Orationis.  This  work  will  be  found  in  the  Read- 
ing Room,  appended  to  the  second  volume  of  Bailey's 
Forcellini,  press-mark,  2113.  e.] 

POET  QUOTED  BY  SENECA.  —  Seneca,  De  Ira, 
lib.  ii.  cap.  16.,  Opp.  torn.  i.  p.  36.  (Gagronovii), 

says : — 

"  Fere  itaque  imperia  penes  eos  fuere  populos,  qui  mi- 
tiore  crelo  utuntur :  in  frigora,  septentrionemque  vergen- 
tibus  immansueta  ingenia  sunt,  ut  ait  poeta,  *  suoque 
simillima  ccelo.' " 

What  poet  does  Seneca  quote  from  ? 

GEORGE  LLOYD. 

[By  Seneca's  "  poeta  "  are  we  not  to  understand  Ho- 
mer? "  Poeta  communiter  dicitur ;  omnibus  enim  versus 
facientibus  hoc  nomen  est;  sed  jam  apud  Graecos  in 
unius  notam  cessit.  Homerum  intdligas,  cum  audieris 
poetam."  Sen.  Ep.  Iviii.  Is  it  not  possible,  then,  that  the 
words  "  Suoque  simillima  coelo  "  are  a  translation  from 
the  Greek?] 

ST.  GOVOR'S  WELL.  —  In  Kensington  Gardens, 
not  far  from  the  palace,  is  a  public  well  lately 


2«a  S.  IX.  MAY  19.  'GO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


389 


repaired  or  restored.  In  the  new  masonry  is 
neatly  cut  the  above-mentioned  inscription.  This, 
of  course,  has  been  done  by  authority.  Now  who 
was  St.  Govor  ?  JOHN  WILLIAMS. 

Arno's  Court. 

[St.  Govor  was  one  of  the  three  principal  saints  of 
Gwent,  in  South  Wales.  See  "  N.  &  Q."  2°^  S.  iii.  77. 
An  engraving  of  the  hermitage  of  St.  Govor  is  given  in 
Penton's  Tour  through,  Pembrokeshire,  p.  415.] 

S?YLE  OF  A  MARQUESS.  —  Sir  Bernard  Burke, 
Ulster  King  of  Arms,  in  his  Peerage  and  Baro- 
netage, says  that  "  the  style  of  a  Marquess  is 
1  Most  Honourable.'  "  The  Irish  Compendium 
states  that  "  a  Marquess  hath  the  title  of  Most 
Noble>  Most  Honourable  and  Potent  Prince" 
Which  is  right  ?  JAMES  GRAVES. 

Kilkenny. 

[Ulster  is  correct:  the  style  of  a  Marquess  is  "Most 
Honourable."] 


DIBDIN'S  SONGS. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  280.) 

I  have  the  opportunity  of  seeing  "N".  &  Q."  only 
once  a  month,  or  I  should  have  noticed  sooner  the 
observations  and  Queries  of  F  AIRPLAY  with  re- 
spect to  the  sea  songs  of  Dibdin. 

I  beg  in  the  first  place  to  disclaim  entirely  the 
intention  of  disparaging  or  even  discussing  the 
merits  of  Dibdin  as  a  song  writer.  In  saying  that 
his  songs  had  never  in  my  time  been  generally 
accepted  by  sailors  on  account  of  the  nautical  ab- 
surdities in  which  they  abound,  I  merely  stated  a 
fact  within  my  own  knowledge  and  experience, 
upon  which  the  public  in  general  could  not  pos- 
sibly be  competent  to  judge.  It  is  hardly  con- 
sistent with  "  fair  play  "  to  accuse  me  of  violating 
"  the  claims  of  justice  and  truth"  and  censuring 
"  all  those  who  have  ventured  to  think  differently 
as  to  their  merits."  I  did  neither  the  one  nor  the 
other.  I  neither  admitted  nor  denied  the  poetical 
or  lyrical  merits  of  the  songs :  I  merely  denied 
their  technical  correctness,  and  said  it  was  "  a 
mistake  to  suppose  that  they  had  been  generally 
accepted  by  sailors."  Is  it  not  enough  for  F  AIR- 
PLAY that  they  have  been  accepted  by  all  the 
world  besides,  and  have  procured  for  their  author 
and  his  descendants  fame,  and  honour,  and  pen- 
sions ;  not  empty  praise  only,  but  solid  pudding 
likewise  ? 

In  answer  to  Query  1.  Why  did  Pitt  encourage 
Dibdin  to  go  among  the  sailors  during  the  mutiny 
at  the  Nore  ?  I  can  only  say,  in  the  first  place, 
that  I  do  not  believe  he  did  anything  of  the  kind ; 
if  he  did  it  is  not  mentioned  in  any  history  of  that 
event  which  has  come  within  my  knowledge,  and 
is  as  difficult  to  be  accounted  for  as  the  expedition 


of  an  English  clergyman  and  his  wife,  a  few  years 
ago,  to  Rome  to  convert  the  Pope  to  Protestantism, 
or  that  of  the  three  Quakers  to  Petersburgh  to 
persuade  Czar  Nicholas  to  join  the  Peace-at-any- 
price  Society.  It  is  I  believe  true,  at  least  we 
have  it  on  the  authority  of  Dibdin's  son,  in  a 
Memoir  contained  in  the  edition  of  the  songs  pa- 
tronised by  Lord  Minto,  that 

"  A  pension  of  2007.  a  year  was  awarded  him  rather 
late,  for  having,  at  the  express  desire  of  Mr.  Pitt's  mi- 
nistry, put  himself  to  an  expense  of  more  than  GQQl.  by 
quitting  highly  lucrative  provincial  engagements  and 
opening  his  theatre  in  a  hot  July,  at  considerable  nightly 
loss,  in  town,  where  he  was  instructed  to  write,  sing, 
publish,  and  give  away  loyal  war  songs,  and  that  before 
he  had  enjoyed  the  said  pension  long  enough  to  repay 
his  losses  in  earning  it,  it  was  withdrawn  by  a  succeeding 
ministry ;  a  part  of  it  was  restored  a  short  period  before 
his  death,  which  took  place  in  1814." 

This  answers  the  Query,  Why  did  George  III. 
give  Dibdin  a  pension  ?  It  may  also  account  for 
the  notion  that  Pitt  employed  him  "  to  go  among 
the  sailors."  No  doubt  Pitt  thought  that  sailors- 
might  be  attracted  to  Dibdin,  and  perhaps  imbibe 
from  his  performances  a  better  spirit  than  then 
generally  prevailed  among  them.  It  was  catch- 
ing, however,  at  a  very  slender  rope-yarn,  and  I 
am  not  surprised  that  the  peace  ministry  of  Mr. 
Addington  withdrew  a  pension  conferred  for  such 
very  doubtful  services. 

The  pension  granted  by  Her  present  Majesty  to 
his  daughter  is,  I  doubt  not,  a  fitting  acknow- 
ledgment of  the  great  abilities  which  Dibdin  cer- 
tainly possessed  as  a  song-writer,  and  much  more 
as  a  musical  composer,  and  which  he  invariably 
employed  in  the  cause  of*  loyalty  and  patriotism. 
He  was  the  author  of  considerably  more  than  a 
thousand  songs,  many  of  which  he  set  to  music 
himself,  and  good  music  too,  as  I  am  informed  by 
those  who  are  competent  to  judge.  Of  these  about 
a  hundred  are  sea  songs,  so  called  at  least  by 
landsmen ;  and  perhaps  they  may  pass  current  as 
such  in  the  yacht  squadron,  or  in  the  cockpit  with 
the  younger  midshipmen,  who  of  course  are  less 
nice  in  their  nauticals  than  Jack ;  but  I  do  not 
hesitate  to  say  that,  with  the  exception  of  perhaps 
four  or  five,  they  all  contain  stanzas  which  ut- 
terly defy  emendation,  and  in  which  technical 
terms  are  so  jumbled  and  misapplied,  or  the  sen- 
timents are  so  foreign  to  a  seaman's  habits  of 
thought  as  to  be  not  only  distasteful  to  sailors 
generally,  but  even  more  unintelligible  to  them 
than  to  landsmen.  Take,  for  example,  the  follow- 
ing stanza  from  by  no  means  the  worst  of  them, 
"The  Greenwich  Pensioner,"  of  which  Dibdin 
himself  informs  us  that  he  sold  first  and  last  ten 
thousand  seven  hundred  and  fifty  copies :  — 

"  That  time  bound  straight  for  Portugal 

Right  fore  and  aft  we  bore, 
But  when  we'd  made  Cape  Ortegal 
A  gale  blew  off  the  shore,— 


390 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  MAY  19.  'GO. 


She  lay,  so  did  it  shock  her, 

A  log  upon  the  main, 
Till  sav'd  from  Davy's  locker 

We  put  to  sea  again." 

I  would  ask  your  nautical  readers  if  there  is 
one  of  them  competent  to  interpret  the  phrase 
"right  fore  and  aft  we  bore,"  or  who  can  com- 
prehend why  the  fact  that  a  gale  blew  off  the 
shore  (a  most  favourable  event  under  the  circum- 
stances) should  have  "  so  shocked  "  the  good  ship 
Rover,  that  she  lay  "  a  log  upon  the  main,"  and 
still  less  the  anomalous  position  of  a  vessel  already 
out  at  sea,  and  lying  like  a  log  upon  the  main 
when  saved  from  Davy's  locker,  putting  to  sea 
again  !  I  do  not  believe  that  any  sailor  could  be 
induced  to  take  such  stuff  into  his  mouth.  Again, 
what  a  hubbub  and  confusion  of  words  signifying 
nothing  there  is  in  the  following  stanza,  intended 
it  seems  to  describe  the  ordinary  course  of  a 
sailor's  duties :  — 

"  In  his  station  amidships,  or  fore  or  aft, 
He  can  pull  away, 
Cast  off,  belay, 
Aloft,  alow,  avast  yo  ho, 
And  hand  reef  and  steer, 
Know  each  halliard  and  gear, 
And  of  duty  every  rig. 

One  can  quite  well  picture  to  oneself  a  stage 
sailor  going  through  all  this  with  suitable  action, 
to  the  admiration  of  an  audience  of  Thames  steam- 
boat sailors  at  the  Victoria  Theatre  :  or  the  fol- 
lowing :  -T- 

"  Bless'd  with  a  smiling  can  of  grog, 

If  duty  call,  stand,  rise,  or  fall, 
To  fate's  last  verge  he'll  jog. 

(Fancy  a  sailor  joyg'wg  in  his  ship  to  the  last  verge  of 
fate!  and  for  what?) 

The  cadge  to  weigh,  the  sheets  belay 
(He  does  it  with  a  wish) 
To  heave  the  lead,  or  to  cathead 
The  pond'rous  anchor  fish." 

Talk  of  fishing  the  anchor  to  the  cathead !  He 
might  as  well  have  said  that  it  was  the  practice  of 
jolly  tars  to  go  about  with  their  heads  where  their 
heels  should  be.  I  should  be  quite  ready  to  follow 
the  suggestion  of  F  AIRPLAY,  and  point  out  errors 
of  a  like  kind  in  nearly  all  these  so-called  sea 
songs,  if  you  could  spare  space  and  your  readers 
patience/ but  I  will  confine  myself  to  the  two 
which  he  has  made  the  subject  of  his  last  Query. 
I  admit  that  "  Poor  Jack "  contains  one  good 
stanza,  the  last,  "  D'ye  mind  me,  a  sailor  should 
be  every  inch,  all  as  one  as  a  piece  of  ship,"  &c. 
&c. :  that  may  have  been  quoted  with  enthusiasm 
by  old  sailors,  notwithstanding  the  glaring  errors 
of  its  first  two  stanzas.  "Tom  Bowling"  stands 
put  as  almost  the  solitary  instance  in  which  nei- 
ther false  metaphors  nor  nautical  blunders  are  to 
be  detected.  But  the  writer's  heart,  was  deeply 
affected  here,  —  the  song  was  a  dirge  to  the  me- 
mory of  his  dead  brother,  who  was  many  years 
master  of  a  merchant  vessel,  whom  he  regarded 


deservedly  with  admiration  and  affection,  and 
from  whom,  no  doubt,  he  imbibed  his  fondness 
for  sea  subjects  and  his  acquaintance  with  sea 
terms.  But  it  is  plain  that  he  was  as  little  ac- 
quainted with  the  character  and  ways  of  thinking 
of  sailors  as  he  was  with  their  terse  and  expressive 
phraseology,  which  really  no  more  resembles  the 
"shiver-my-timbers"  style  of  the  nautical  drama 
than  Dibdin's  songs  resemble  the  rude  but  racy 
ditties  which  are,  or  at  least  were,  popular  in-  the 
galley  and  on  the  Point.  If  I  had  not  already 
intruded  too  much  upon  your  space,  I.  could 
easily  show  from  Dibdin's  spngs  that  the  senti- 
ments which  he  attributes  to  sailors  are  even  less 
true  to  nature  than  the  language  in  winch  he 
clothes  them  is  to  art.  What,  for  instance,  can 
be  more  ludicrously  maudlin  than  the  description 
of  Ben  Backstay  sighing  over  the  miniature  of  the 
gentle  Anna  "  that  Ben  had  worn  around  his 
neck!"  &c.  &c.  ?  or  more  truly  absurd  than  the 
fate  of  Jack  Rattlin,  who  at  a  moment's  notice, 
on  hearing  of  the  death  of  his  sweetheart,  — 
"  Instant  his  pulse  forgot  to  move, 
With  quivering  lips  and  eyes  uplifted, 
He  heav'd  a  sigh,— and  died  for  love ! " 

The  reply  of  Tom  Pipes  to  the  young  lady  who 
asked  him  whether  he  had  ever  been  in  love,  ex- 
presses pretty  nearly  the  extent  of  Jack's  ordi- 
nary notions  of  the  tender  passion.  I  think  it 
may  safely  be  asserted  that  a  tar  would  sooner 
think  of  appending  a  two-and-thirty  pound  shot 
to  his  heels,  and  consigning  himself  at  once  to 
Davy  Jones,  than  hang  from  his  neck  the  locket 
of  his  lass ;  and  as  for  dying  for  love  at  the  in- 
stant, or  in  any  given  time,  that  is  at  least  as  un- 
usual with  seamen  as  with  others.  A  greater 
mistake  was  surely  never  made  by  any  man  than 
by  Dibdin  when  he  said  of  his  songs,  — 

"  They  have  been  the  solace  of  sailors  in  long  voyages, 
in  storms  and  battles :  they  have  been  quoted  in  mutinies 
to  the  restoration  of  order  and  discipline." 

The  true  merit  of  Dibdin  consists,  not  in  his 
having  provided  recreation  for  sailors  themselves, 
for  there  can  be  no  possible  pleasure  derived  from 
manifest  error,  but  in  so  eulogising  the  tar  and 
his  exploits  as  to  induce  landsmen,  who  form  the 
greater  part  of  the  nation,  to  appreciate  the  cha- 
racter and  services  of  seamen,  to  entertain  a  high 
opinion  of  their  gallantry,  generosity,  honesty, 
and,  though  last  not  least,  their  recklessness  of 
character,  all  of  which  Dibdin  has  idealised  in 
his  sea  son»s.  For  this  service  seamen  undoubt- 
edly owe  him  their  best  thanks,  and  to  the  per- 
formance of  this  his  nautical  ignorance  and  false 
metaphors  have  been  no  obstacle.  His  sea  son^s, 
when  sung  on  shore,  are  none  the  worse  for  mis- 
takes which  could  not  be  detected  by  landsmen; 
and  though  Jack  may  laugh  at  them  privately, 
and  utterly  refuse  them  admittance  to  his  reper- 
toire, he  ought  not  to  be  the  less  obliged  to 


2°a  S.  IX.  MAY  19.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


391 


friendly  voice  which  has  endeavoured  to  exalt 
him  in  the  eves  of  his  fellow  men.  This  is  a  suf- 
ficient answer  to  the  Query,  "  Why  was  a  bust  of 
Dibdin  erected  at  Greenwich  Hospital  by  Admiral 
Sir  Joseph  Yorke  ?"  S.  H.  M. 

Hoclnet. 


SIR  JOXAS  MOORE. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  363.) 

I  have  before  me  a  small  volume  in  18rao, 
bearing  the  title  of 

"  Moore's  Arithmetick :  discovering  the  Secrets  of  that 
Art  in  Numbers  and  Species.  In  Two  Bookes.  By  Jonas 
Moore,  late  of  Durham.  London:  printed  by  Thomas 
Harper,  for  Nathaniel  Brookes,  at  the  Angeli  in  Cornehill. 
16oO." 

There  is  a  portrait  of  the  author  opposite  the 
title-page,  bearing  the  inscription  :  "  Effigies  Jonae 
Moore,  A°^Etat.  35,  1649;  H.  Stone,  Pinxit ;  T. 
Cross,  Sculpsit."  The  countenance  is  highly  in- 
tellectual and  pleasing.  The  first  booke  of  this 
treatise  contains  272  pages,  the  second  147  :  the 
last  thirty  pages  being  occupied  with  a  table  of 
squares,  cubes,  &c.,  from  1  to  1000.  The  author, 
in  his  "  Epistle  to  the  Reader,"  proves  the  cor- 
rectness of  the  observation  of  your  correspondent 
G.  N.  (2nd  S.  ix.  374.),  when  he  says,  "  the  dedi- 
cations of  old  books  often  contain  details  and  par- 
ticularities of  individuals  and  family  history  now 
quite  obsolete  and  forgotten."  This  "  Epistle  to 
the  Header"  gives  the  following  particulars  re- 
specting Mr.  Jonas  (afterwards  Sir  Jonas)  Moore. 
The  author  says  : 

"  Upon  the  first  coming  in  of  the  Scotts,  1G40,  in  a 
solitary  retyrednesse,  with  a  settled  resolution,  I  fell  upon 
the  studyes  Mathematical!,  animated  thereunto  by  the 
promised  helpe  of  Mr.  William  Milburne,  Minister  of 
Brancepeth  iu  the  County  of  Durham ;  my  most  worthy 
friend,  and  a  great  Master  in  all  parts  of  Learning,  who 
not  many  weekes  after  departed  this  life,  leaving  me 
either  in  choise  to  give  over  my  journej",  or  travel  with- 
out either  Guide  or  Company;  and  a  long  time  did  I 
wander  in  the  by-paths  of  other  men's  mechanicall  prac- 
tises, till  at  last,  by  a  most  happy  accident,  I  had  Mr. 
Oughtred's  Claris  Mathematics  bestowed  upon  me,  by 
•which  I  unlocked  the  Mysteries  of  the  Demonstrations 
of  the  Auncients,  and  set  myselfe  in  the  highway  to  per- 
fection; unto  which  Booke,  and  to  the  Author's  most 
absolute  favours,  I  owe  all  the  mathematicall  knowledge 
I  have." 

A  little  farther  on  he  says  : 

"  If  the  times  serve,  the  charge  be  not  too  great,  and  I 
find  thy"  (the  reader's)  "kind  acceptation  hereof"  (the 
Arithmetic),  "  expect  the  following  Treatises  to  be  pub- 
lished, the  most  whereof  are  perfected  for  the  Presse :  — 

"  1st.  The  Perfect  Geometer,  containing  first  six  Bookes 
of  Euclid,  and  as  much  of  the  11,  12,  and  13,  as  concern 
the  knowledge  of  solids. 

M  2.  Locus  resnlut.     Containing  Euclid's  Data. 

"  3.  The  Mechanick.  Containing  the  practice  of  Geo- 
metry in  surveying,  fortification,  architecture,  &c. 

"  4.  Via  ad  Tubi  optici,  speculi,  ustorii,  necnon  Instru- 
ment! auditorii  perfectionem  aperta.  Containing  the  doc- 


trine of  Conicall  Sections,  and  demonstrating  the  nature 
of  such  bodies  as  must  serve  to  the  former  purpose. 

"  5.  Astronomia  Britanica.  Containing  the  uses  of  the 
Globes  and  their  projections,  the  Theory  of  the  Planets, 
Ancient  and  Moderne;  together  witii  Astronomical! 
Tables,  calculations  for  Ecclipses,  &c." 

The  book  on  Arithmetic  is  dedicated  to  Sir  Wil- 
liam Persall,  Knt.,  Edmund  Wild,  Esq.,  and  Ni- 
cholas Shuttleworth,  Esq.,  "  in  thankefullnesse  of 
their  great  curtesies"  and  aid  "in  the  advance- 
ment of  these  his  firxt  Labours."  The  author 
afterwards  speaks  u  of  the  truly  noble  paire  of 
Brothers,  Richard  Shuttleworth  of  Galthrop,  in 
the  County  of  Lancaster,  Esq.,  and  Nicholas 
Shuttleworth  of  Faceth,  in  the  County  of  York, 
Esq.,"  as  "  his  great  friends  in  the  furtherance  of 
his  studies,  and  in  other  his  urgent  affaires."  The 
"Epistle  to  the  Reader"  is  dated,  "From  my 
Chamber  at  Mr.  Elias  Allen  his  house  over  against 
S1  Clement's  Church  in  the  Strand,  30th  of  October, 
1649."  The  second  book  of  the  Arithmetick  is 
dedicated  to  "  John  Bathurst,  Doctor  of  Medi- 
cine; "whose  eldest  son,  Christopher  Bathurst, 
was,  I  think,  from  the  form  of  expression  used,  a 
pupil  of  the  author's.  Sir  Jonas  Moore  appears 
to  have  dild  27th  Aug.  1679,  when  he  was  sixty- 
five  years  of  age.  If  the  above  trifling  particulars 
be  not  already  known  to  your  correspondent  M. 
S.  R.,  they  may  be  acceptable  to  him.  I  do  not 
think  the  Arithmetic,  from  which  I  have  quoted, 
is  a  book  of  very  common  occurrence  :  it  is  sel- 
dom found  in  catalogues  of  the  present  day. 

FISHEY  THOMPSON. 

Stoke  Newington. 


"NOUVEAU  TESTAMENT." 
(2nd  S.  ix.  307.) 

"  Nouveau  Testament,  par  les  Theologiens  de  Louvain, 
a-  Bourdeaux,  M.DCLXXXVI.  Cum  Approbatione  et  Per- 
missione." 

Of  this  curious  production  there  is  a  copy  in 
the  Fagellian  Department  of  the  Library  of  Tri- 
nity College,  Dublin  (z.  9.  28.),  from  a  cursory 
examination  of  which,,  some  years  since,  I  "  made 
a  note  "  of  the  following  liberties  with  the  text, 
which,  if  they  had  not  been  detected  and  de- 
nounced, would  go  far  to  nullify  the  Apostolic 
statement  of  the  use  of  the  "  written  book,"  "  that 
thou  mightest  know  the  certainty  of  the  things  in 
which  thou  hast  been  instructed."  These  are  given, 
not  as  all,  but  as  chief  instances  of  wilful  mis- 
translation :  — 

Acts  xiii.  2.  "Comme  ils  oflfroient  au  Seigneur  le  Sa- 
crifice du  Messc." 
1  Cor.  xiii.  15.  "II  serasauve,  quand  a  lui,  ainsi  tout  fois 

par  le  feu  de  Purgatoire" 
1  Tim.  iv.  1.  "Quelquns  se  separaint    de  la  foi  Ro- 

maine." 

„      „     2.  "  Ayans  la  conscience  cauterise,  condam- 
mans  le  sacrement  du  marriage." 


392 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  MAY  19.  '60. 


1  Cor.  vii.  10.  "  A  ceux  qui  sont  conjoints  par  le  sacre- 

ment  du  marriage." 

2  Cor.  vi.  14.  "Ne  vous  joignez  point,  par  sacrement  du. 

marriage,  avec  les  infideles." 
1  Cor.  xi.  26.  "  Toutes  les  fois  que  vous    mangez  ce 

pain  vivant,  et  bouvez  ce  calice" 
2  Cor.  v.  20.  "  Nous  sommes  done  legats  pour  Xt." 
Galat.  iii.  1.  "  O'  Galates    insensez,  n'avez  vous    pas 
Jesu    Christ     portrait    devant    vos 
yeux." 
2  Tim.  iii.  25.  "  Faire  penitince  pour  connaitre  le  ve- 

rite." 
Collos.  ii.  28.  "  Sous  pretexte  d'humilite,  et  de  Religion, 

donne  a  Moyse  par  des  anges  !  " 

Heb.  x.  10.  "  Chaque  jour  sacrifiant,  et  offrant  sou- 
vent  les  memes  hostes." 

„      „   12.  "Celuici  ofFrant  unehostie  pour  les  pecb.es." 
„      „   18.  "  II  n'y  a  plus  maintenant  d'oblation  Legates 

pour  les  peches." 

„     xi.  30.  "  Apres  un  procession  de  sept  Jours." 
1  Pet.  ii.  5.  "Une  sainte  sacrificateur  pour-  offrir  des 

hostes  spirituelles." 

„  v.  3.  "  Et  non  point  comme  ayant  domination 
sur  la  Clerge  !  ou  sur  les  heritages  de 
Seigneur." 

1  John  v.  17.  "  Toute  iniquite  est  pecbe,  mais  il  y 
a  quelque  peche  qui  n'est  point  mor- 
tal, mais  venial." 

These  are  given  as  the  chief,  but  »ot  all  the 
examples  which  I  noted  down,  and  may  serve  to 
teach  us,  1st,  the  value  of  copies  attested  "  cum 
approbatione ; "  and,  2nd,  of  never  allowing  any 
custodee  to  debar  us  from  our  right  to  "  search 
the  Scriptures  "  whether  these  things  be  so  or  not. 

A.  B.  R. 

Belmont. 


LEONARD  MAC  NALLY  (2nd  S.  viii.  281.  341.)— 
The  very  atrocious  conduct  of  this  person  has,  I 
fear,  been  too  conclusively  established  by  your 
correspondent,  W.  J.  FITZ-PATEICK,  to  be  even 
palliated,  much  less  removed.  He  was  at  the 
English  bar  in  1789,  and  married  the  daughter 
of  William  Janson,  Esq.,  of  24.  Bedford  Row, 
Bloomsbury,  and  of  Richmond  Hill,  a  very  rich 
King's  Bench  attorney.  She  died  in  Oct.  1795, 
according  to  the  Gentleman's  Mag.,  vol.  Ixv.  p. 
880. ;  and  it  has  been  most  erroneously  assumed 
that  McNally  was  the  author,  and  this  lady  was 
the  object,  of  the  song  of  the  "  Lass  of  Richmond 
Hill."  Much  of  the  history  of  M'Nally  may  be 
ound  in  Personal  Sketches  of  his  own  Times,  by 
Sir  Jonah  Barrington,  in  3  vols.  8vo.,  London, 
1827-32.  Unavailable  as  any  attempt  may  be 
materially  to  reclaim  a  character  so  noirci,  may  I 
be  permitted  to  relate  one  trait  in  his  conduct 
redounding  to  his  honour? — and  "  valeat  quan- 
tum valere  possit."  About  the  outset  of  the 
London  riots  of  1780,  Dr.  Thomas  Thurlow, 
brother  of  the  then  Lord  Chancellor,  having 
been  raised  to  the  Bishopric  of  Lincoln  on  the 
demise  of  Dr.  John  Green,  and  the  latter  having 
been  suspected  by  the  lower  class  of  favouring 
in  some  respects  the  views  of  the  Roman  Ca- 


tholics, became  very  unpopular,  with  the  rabble. 
Unfortunately  for  Dr.  Thurlow,  the  odium  which 
was  attached  to  Dr.  Green  descended  with  great 
virulence  upon  his  successor.  The  proceedings  of 
the  infuriated  mob  towards  Dr.  Thurlow,  and  the 
gallant  conduct  of  his  rescuer,  are  thus  described 
by  a  contemporary  publication  :  — 

"  The  conduct  of  the  '  Christian  Associates'  last  Friday, 
the  2nd  of  June  (1780),  to  the  Bishop  of  Lincoln  was 
such  as  would  have  disgraced  infidels.  They  took  the 
hind-wheels  from  his  Lordship's  coach,  which  they  at- 
tempted to  overturn ;  and  when  he  had  gotten  out,  tore 
his  canonicals,  struck  at  him  repeatedly,  and,  in  all  pro- 
bability, would  have  destroyed  him  in  the  fury  of  their 
rage,  had  not  a  young  gentleman,  Mr.  M«Nally  of  the 
Temple,  interposed ;  and  at  the  risk  of  his  life,  fought 
through  the  mob  till  he  got  the  Bishop  into  the  house  of 
Mr.  Atkinson,  an  attorney.  Here  the  Bishop  put  on  Mr. 
Atkinson's  clothes,  while  Mr.  McNally  prevented  the 
mob  from  entering  by  the  windows,  which  the}'  repeat- 
edly attempted  by  getting  on  the  rails  and  a  small  pent- 
house. His  Lordship  was  obliged  to  escape  over  a  wall, 
after  which  a  party  of  the  mob  was  permitted  to  come  in 
and  search  the  house :  had  they  found  his  Lordship,  no 
doubt  he  would  have  suffered  severe!}',  as  several  of  them 
had  the  inhumanity  to  declare,  that '  tliey  were  determined 
to  cut  the  sign  of  the  Cross  on  his  forehead.'  " 

FlDELIS. 

"MAN  TO  THE  PLOUGH"  (2nd  S.  ix.  344.)  —  It 
is  a  pity  when  your  correspondents  copy  from 
Hone's  Works  (as  they  often  do)  without  acknow- 
ledgement, and  it  is  a  still  greater  pity  that 
changes  should  be  made  during  the  transfer.  The 
right  lines  are  given  in  the  first  column  below, 
and  are  of  the  last  century :  the  lines  in  the 
second  column  were  added,  in  1822,  by  The  Times 
by  way  of  contrast :  — 

"  FARMERS 


1722. 

"  Man,  to  the  plough ; 
Wife,  to  the  cow ; 
Girl,  to  the  sow ; 
Bo3r,  to  the  mow ; 
And  your  rents  will  be 
netted." 


1822. 

Man,  tally-ho ! 
Miss,  piano ; 
Wife,  silk  and  satin; 
Boy,  Greek  and  Latin ; 
And  you'll  all  be  Ga- 
zetted." 

W.  D.  C. 

I  have  seen  these  lines  attached  to  a  coloured 
caricature  of  no  great  artistic  merit,  but  the 
moral  of  which  was  sufficiently  plain.  In  a  series 
of  compartments  the  various  acts  described  in  the 
doggrel  were  represented,  with  their  respective 
results.  I  believe  it  came  out  early  in  the  present 
century,  and  as  far  as  I  can  remember,  it  was  a 
rudely- executed  etching. 

W.  J.  BERNHARD  SMITH. 
Temple, 

"Mr  EYE  AND  BETTY  MARTIN"  (2nd  S.  ix,  315. 
355.  375.)  —  About  forty  years  ago  I  was  inti- 
mate with  one  of  the  head  boys  at  Shrewsbury 
school ;  he  frequently  visited  my  family,  and  his 
great  intelligence  and  pleasing  manners  rendered 
him  an  acceptable  guest  at  all  times.  I  well  re- 


2nd  S.  IX.  MAY  19.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


393 


member  his  telling  us  that  Dr.  Butler,  the  very 
learned  Head  Master  of  the  school  (afterwards 
Bishop  of  Lichfield  and  Coventry)  told  him  and 
other  boys  that  the  saying,  "  My  eye  and  Betty 
Martin,"  originated  thus  :  — 

A  party  of  gypsies  were  apprehended,  and 
taken  before  a  magistrate;  the  constable  gave 
evidence  against  an  extraordinary  woman,  named 
Betty  Martin ;  she  became  violently  excited,  rushed 
up  to  him,  and  gave  .him  a  tremendous  blow  in 
the  eye.  After  which  the  boys  and  I'abble  used  to 
follow  the  unfortunate  officer  with  cries  of  My 
eye  and  Betty  Martin  !  E.  C. 

Eeform  Club. 

SING  "  Si  DEDERO"  (2nd  S.  viii.  171.)  —  I  met 
with  this  expression  the  other  day,  in  a  MS.  of  the 
fifteenth  century  in  the  British  Museum  (Har- 
leian,  No.  172.).  It  occurs  in  a  poem  attributed 
to  Peter  Idle,  Esq.,  containing  advice  to  his  son  : 
among  other  things,  the  following  stanza  as  to  his 
dealings  with  the  medical  profession  :  — 
"  There  ys  noo  surgeon  ne  othyr  leche, 

Phisicean,  or  potecarye,  or  other  crafte, 

That  any  thynge  lyghtly  woll  the  teche. 

But  yf  thou  yeve,  thou  shalt  be  lafte. 

Thou  slialt  pceyve  them  ful  slowe  in  the  liafte 

Inlesse  thou  pay  frelye  or  (before)  thou  parte  them  froo. 

Thus  must  yow  lerne  to  synge  Si  dedero." 

This  seems  to  agree  with  the  meaning  of  the 
extract  from  Political  Songs,  published  by  the 
Camden  Society,  communicated  by  your  corre- 
spondent OZMOND,  and  is  apparently  an  old,  a 
very  old,  and  familiar  phrase  in  England  for  ex- 
pressing that  matter-of-fact  axiom — that  there  is 
no  getting  on  in  this  world  without  money. 

JOHN  WILLIAMS. 

Arno's  Court,  near  Bristol. 

SEAL  OF  JOHN  LORD  HASTINGS  OP  ABER- 
GAVENNY  (2nd  S.  ix.  305.)— The  "  two  seals"  de- 
scribed by  QUERIST  are  the  two  sides  of  the  seal 
of  John  Lord  Hastings  of  Abergavenny,  which  is 
appended  to  the  letter  from  the  Barons  of  Eng- 
land to  Pope  Boniface  in  the  year  1301.  This 
letter  is  preserved  in  the  Treasury  of  the  Receipt 
of  the  Exchequer  (formerly  iii  the  Chapter  House 
at  Westminster,  and  now  in  the  Public  Record 
Office).  Its  seals  were  engraved  by  the  Society  of 
Antiquaries  so  long  since  as  1729,  from  trickings 
by  Augustine  Vincent ;  and  a  long  paper  of  re- 
marks upon  them  was  communicated  by  Sir  Harris 
Nicolas  to  the  Society  in  1825,  and  published  in 
vol.  xxi.  of  the  Archceologia.  Sir  N.  H.  Nicolas 
remarked  upon  the  seal  of  John  de  Hastings  that 
it  "  is  not  a  little  curious,  both  from  its  exhibiting 
arms  totally  different  from  those  which  are  gene- 
rally ascribed  to  him,  and  which  were  borne  by 
his  descendants,  and  from  the  charges  in  the  coat 
itself."  This  coat,  or  coats,  of  a  cross  and  fleurs- 
de-lis,  with  on  one  face  lions  in  addition  (as 
described  by  QUERIST  in  p.  305.),  "  appear  (it  is 


added)  to  be  founded  on  the  royal  arms  of  Eng- 
land and  France ;  "  but  were  not  the  lions  rather 
from  the  arms  of  Wales  than  of  England  ?  See 
the  four  lions  rampant  on  the  seals  of  Owen 
Glyndowr  as  Prince  of  Wales  in  the  Archceologia, 
vol.  xxv.  Plate  LXXI.  ;  and  the  three  lions  passant 
regardant  on  the  seals  of  Edward,  son  of  Ed- 
ward IV.,  and  Arthur,  son  of  Henry  VII.,  as 
Princes  of  Wales,  in  the  Archceologia,  vol.  xx. 
Plate  xxix.  The  extraordinary  inscriptions  on 
the  seal  of  John  de  Hastings  were  decyphered  for 
Sir  N.  H.  Nicolas  by  John  Caley,  Esq.,  F.S.A. ; 
and  the  result  was  very  different  from  the  read- 
ings of  QUERIST.  On  one  side, 

"  .    .    .    .     N  :  T'ME  :  ICH  :  MAD  MVNDI  MI  :  HKGOD  : 
NAMEND:  M    .    .    .    ." 

On  the  other : 

".  .  CHE:  OF  RODE  STETI  ICH:  HIEREOODSENICVS 
AEETR  .  .  ." 

These  words  look  partly  like  English,  and  partly 
like  Latin.  Without  seeing  an  impression,  I  will 
not  attempt  any  fresh  readings  of  them. 

JOHN  GOUGH  NICHOLS. 

THE  CRUIKSTON  DOLLAR  (lgt  S.  viii.  445.)— The 
palm-tree  on  the  reverse  of  this  now  rather  scarce 
coin  has  long  had  the  credit  of  representing  the 
yew-tree  which  once  grew  at  Cruikston  Castle, 
and  to  the  latter,  tradition  still  fondly  clings  as 
that  under  which  Mary  Queen  of  Scots  spent 
some  of  her  happy  hours  with  her  suitor  Lord 
Darnley.  Dean  (afterwards  Bishop)  Nicolson,  in 
The  Scottish  Historical  Library,  London,  1702, 
8vo.,  in  describing  this  coin,  issued  1565,  tells  us 
at  p.  322. :  — 

"  Some  call  the  Tree  on  the  reverse  an  Yew-Tree,  and 
report  that  there  grew  a  famous  one  of  that  kind  in  the 
Park  (or  Garden)  of  the  Earl  of  Lenox  which  gave  occa- 
sion to  the  Impress :  Wherein  the  Tree  being  crown'd 
denotes  the  Advancement  of  the  Lenox  Family  by  Henry 
Lord  Darnley's  Marriage  with  the  Queen,  and  the  Lemma 
of  Dat  Gloria  Vires  is  observ'd  to  comport  very  well  with 
the  Device." 

After  the  learned  and  intelligent  Dean  there 
came  another  author,  Mr.  Pinkerton,  who  in  his 
Essay  on  Medals,  London,  1789,  8vo.  ii.  p.  100., 
treating  of  the  coin,  says,  — 

« In  1565,  by  act  of  the  Privy  Council  of  Scotland,  the 

silver  crown  then  first  struck They  are  vulgarly 

called  Cruikston  dollars  from  the  palm-tree  on  them,, 
mistaken  for  a  noted  yew  at  Cruikston  near  Glasgow,  the 
residence  of  Henry  Darnley :  But  the  Act  describes  it  a 

?  aim -tree  with  a  'shell  paddoc'  or  tortoise  crawling  up. 
t  alludes  to  Henry's  high  marriage,  as  does  the  motto 
Dat  Gloria  Vires  from  Propertius,  Magnum  iter  ascendo, 
sed  dat  mihi  gloria  vires,  Non  juvat  ex  facili  lata  corona 
jugo." — iv.  2. 

It  is  therefore  clear  that  in  respect  to  the  coin 
the  yew-tree  must  succumb  to  the  palm,  and  the 
popular  fallacy  on  this  head  be  demolished.  What- 
ever degree  of  enjoyment  the  royal  pair  may  have 
lad  under  the  shadow  of  the  venerable  yew  —  di- 


394 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAY  19.  'GO. 


lated  upon  in  poetry  and  prose  and  at  the  fireside 
—  and  moreover  the  value  which  is  placed  on 
snuff-boxes,  punch-spoons,  toddy-ladles,  and  other 
kinds  of  relics  made  from  its  fragments,  all  con- 
secrated in  the  esteem  of  their  possessors,  it  would 
now  be  a  species  of  cruelty  in  anyone  to  endeavour 
to  dissipate  the  charm,  and  particularly  ungracious 
in  me,  who  almost  since  the  days  of  boyhood  has 
preserved  a  little  box  of  the  wood,  presented  to 
me  by  a  respected  old  lady  as  the  most  precious 
gift  she  could  devise  for  a  memorial.  G.  N. 

MAIDS  OF  HONOUR  (2nd  S.  ix.  345.)  —  W.  D. 
Las  charged  me  with  saying,  that  "  in  those  days 
respectable  coachmen  would  not  have  allowed  their 
daughters  to  associate  with  the  Maids  of  Honour." 
I  do  not  remember  having  ever  made  such  an  asser- 
tion. Once,  when  referring  to  those  young  ladies 
who  waited  on  the  wife  .of  Frederick,  Prince  of 
Wales,  I  remarked  that  his  royal  highness's  head- 
coachman  had  such  a  peculiar  opinion  of  them 
that,  on  bequeathing  to  his  son  a  certain  handsome 
legacy,  he  annexed  to  it  the  stipulation  that  the 
son  should  never  marry  a  Maid  of  Honour.  This 
prohibition  was  made  at  a  time  when  livery-ser- 
vants were  "  looking-up,"  when  their  mistresses 
took  them  to  the  play,  and  when  they  sometimes 
married  them.  Probably,  it  was  in  a  spirit  of 
pride  that  the  aristocratic  coachman  forbade  the 
banns  between  his  heir  and  what  Swift  calls  "  a 
silly  true  maid  of  honour."  It  was  not  the  first 
time  that  obstacles  were  thrown  in  their  way.  In 
Queen  Anne's  time,  for  instance,  her  majesty's 
well-known  maid,  Jenny  Kingdom,  passed  away 
into  maturity  without  getting  married.  There- 
upon that  rakish,  humorous,  honest,  Colonel  Disney 
gravely  suggested  that  since  Jenny  was  unable  {p 
procure  a  husband,  the  Queen  should  give  her  a 
brevet  to  act  as  a  married  woman.  I  do  not  know 
how  matches  went  off  between  maids  and  valets  at 
the  French  court,  but  I  do  know  that  their  oppor- 
tunity must  sometimes  have  favoured  them :  for 
the  valets  de  garderobe  could  claim  the  privilege 
of  lacing  the  queen's  stays  —  the  jilles  d'honneur 
standing  by  !  J.  DORAN. 

Walpole,  writing  to  Sir  Horace  Mann  under 
date  of  May  12,  1743,  says  :  — 

"There  has  happened  a  comical  circumstance  at  Leicester 
.House  [then  the  residence  of  Frederick,  Prince  of  Wales]. 
One  of  the  Prince's  coachmen,  who  used  to  drive  the 
Maids  of  Honour,  was  so  sick  of  them,  that  he  has  left 
his  son  three  hundred  pounds,  upon  condition  that  he 
never  marries  a  Maid  of  Honour ! "  —  Walpole's  Letters 
(ed.  by  Cunningham),  i.  246. 

R.  F.  SKETCHLEY. 

PAMELA  (2nd  S.  ix.  305.)  —  The  Pa-me-la  of 
Pope  in  his  Epistle  IV.  to  Miss  Blount  with  the 
works  of  Voiture  in  1717  (v.  49 — 56.)  is  a  cha- 
racter totally  distinct  from  the  Pam-e-la  of  Rich- 
ardson, a  work  which  he  began  on  the '10th  Nov. 
1739,  and  which  first  appeared  in  1740.  This 


novel  speedily  attained  extraordinary  popularity. 
Voltaire's  Nanine  in  French,  and  Goldoni's 
Pamela  in  Italian,  were  both  founded  on  the 
novel,  and  the  latter  was  translated  into  English 
in  1756.  Horace  Walpole,  writing  the  2d  June, 
1759,  says:  — 

"  Loo  is  mounted  to  its  zenith ;  the  parties  last  till  one 
and  two  in  the  morning.  We  played  at  Lady  Hertford's 
last  week,  the  last  night  of  her  lying-in,  till  deep  into 
Sunday  morning,  after  she  and  her  lord  were  retired.  It 
is  now  adjourned  to  Mrs.  Fitzroy's,  whose  child  the  town 
calls  Pam-ela." 

Now  if  the  pronunciation  had  been  Pa-me-la, 

the  point  of  the  joke  would  have  missed,  for  it 

alludes  to   the   knave   card  termed  Pam  in  the 

game    of  Loo.      Fielding's  Pam'-e-la  in   Joseph 

Andrews  is  intended  as  a  parody  on  Richardson's 

heroine.      I   have    never  heard   her  name   pro- 

i  nounced   as  Pope's   Pa-me-la.     Both   words  are 

significant  in  Greek  ;  Pope's  means  all  cheeks  and 

breasts,  and  Richardson's  tuneful.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 

"RIDE"  v.  "DRIVE"  (2nd  S.  ix.  326.)— The 
former  is  unquestionably  an  incorrect  word  for 
locomotion  on  wheels,  and  is  decidedly  a  vulgarism 
wlren  so  used. 

Such  was  the  opinion  of  a  very  competent  au- 
thority to  whom  I  referred  the  question. 

True  there  is  a  story  about  a  tobacconist  who, 
having  amassed  a  fortune,  emblazoned  his  armo- 
rial bearings  on  his  carriage,  with  the  motto, 
"  Quid  Rides,"  underneath. 

Though  your  Derbyshire  correspondent  will 
probably  not  be  inclined  to  look  for  the  norma 
loquendi  at  this  side  of  the  Channel,  I  may  inform 
him  that  the  expression  is  almost  unknown  in 
Ireland.  Indeed,  were  a  person  here  to  speak  of 
"  riding  in  a  carriage,"  he  would  be  stared  at  as  a 
prodigy  ;  and  incredulity  would  perhaps  be  ex- 
pressed as  to  the  possibility  of  such  a  feat  being 
accomplished  !  May  we  infer  from  this  idiom  not 
having  yet  "  obtained"  here,  that  it  is  of  modern 
origin  ? 

What  would  be  the  Latin  for  "drive"  in  the 
sense  of  travelling  in  a  carriage? 

JOHN  RIBTON  GARSTIN. 

Dublin. 

BOLLED  (2nd  S.  ix.  28.  251.  309.  349.)  — There 
can  be  no  doubt  that  bollen,  at  least,  has  the  sense 
of  tumefactus,  but  I  wish  to  show  that  in  Exod.  ix. 
31.  boiled  may  signify  habens  culmum.  Ainsworth 
and  his  predecessors,  in  their  English-Latin  dic- 
tionaries, agree  in  explaining  "  a  boll  of  flax  "  by 
lini  culmus;  and  "boiled"  by  habens  culmum. 
Several  old  English  and  French  dictionaries  ren- 
der "  boll "  by  tige,  to  which  more  modern  ones 
add  capsule.  The  interpretation  of  Bailey  has 
been  given,  and  others  need  not  be  quoted  ;  cer- 
tainly not  modern  ones.  I  have  looked  just  now 
at  ten  old  Hebrew  lexicons,  every  one  of  which 


S.  IX.  MAY  19.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


395 


gives  the  meaning  of  stalk,  which  confirms  the 
opinion  that  our  translators  used  boiled  in  the 
sense  now  advocated.  Lastly,  Ainsworth,  whose 
annotations  were  published  in  1618,  says:  "Boiled, 
or  in  the  stalke."  This  is  enough  for  me,  and  I 
hope  it  makes  good  my  explanation.  Ainsworth 
at  least  ought  to  know.  B.  11.  C. 

PASSAGE  IN  MENANDER  (2nd  S.  ix.  327.)—  The 
Italian  is  misprinted,  and  I  read  the  last  word 
sapore  for  ropore.  It  is  not  to  be  found  in  the 
fragments  of  Menander,  but  Philemon  (Sententice, 
ii.)  has  a  like  sentiment  :  — 


rii>,  ov\  °  M*J  aStKutv, 
a\\'  OOTI?,  a&iKflv  6vvi(j.€vo<;t  JU.TJ  /SovAerai." 

"  A  just  man  is  not  one  who  merely  does  not  what  is 
unjust,  but  who,  having  the  power  of  injustice,  will  not 
commit  it."  Or, 

"A  just  man  is  not  one  who  does  no  ill, 
But  he,  who  with  the  power,  has  not  the  will." 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Liehfield. 

CORONATION,  WHEN  FIRST  INTRODUCED  (2ild  S. 
ix.  346.)  —  There  is  no  mention  in  Scripture  of  a 
royal  crown,  as  a  kingly  possession,  till  the  time 
when  the  Amalekites  are  described  as  bringing 
Saul's  crown  to  David.  The  Rabbinical  tradi- 
tions, however,  connect  the  first  crown  with  Nim- 
rod,  in  whose  title,  Kenaz  the  "Hunter,"  some 
persons  affect  to  see  the  origin  of  the  word  "  king." 
According  to  the  tradition  :  —  Nimrod  was  abroad 
one  day  in  the  fields,  following  the  chase.  Hap- 
pening to  look  up  to  the  heavens,  he  beheld  there 
a  figure  resembling  what  was  subsequently  called 
a  crown.  He  hastily  summoned  to  his  side  a 
craftsman,  who  undertook  to  construct  a  splendid 
piece  of  work  modelled  from  the  still  glittering 
pattern  in  the  "skies.  When  this  was  completed, 
it  was  worn  by  Nimrod,  in  obedience,  as  he  sup- 
posed, to  the  declared  will  of  heaven  ;  and  his 
people,  it  is  said,  could  never  gaze  upon  the  daz- 
zling symbol  of  their  master's  divine  right  without 
rij?k  of  being  blinded.  It  was  perhaps  to  this 
story  Pope  Gregory  VII.  alluded,  when  he  used 
to  ?ay  that  the  priesthood  was  derived  direct  from 
God,  but  that  the  imperial  power  of  a  crowned 
monarch  was  first  assumed  by  Nimrod.  Perhaps 
the  legend  itself  may  have  been  founded  on  the 
literal  rendering  of  the  Hebrew  passage,  —  inti- 
mating that  Nimrod  was  "  the  hero  of  the  chase, 
in  presence  of  Jehovah"  J.  DORAN. 

MILTON'S  SONNET  TO  HENRY  LAWES  (2nd  S. 
ix.  337.)  —  Has  not  MR.  HUSK  made  a  slight  but 
fatal  mistake  in  his  otherwise  valuable  paper  on 
this  subject  ?  His  point  is  this  :  —  In  perhaps 
every  edition  of  Milton's  Poems,  this  sonnet  is 
addressed  to  Lawes  "  on  the  publishing  his  Airs." 
It  is  found  with  that  title  in  manuscripts,  and 
with  the  accompanying  date  of  Feb.  9,  1645.  But 
Lawes's  Airs  were  not  published  until  1653  ;  and 


MR.  HUSK  then  proceeds  to  account  conjecturally 
for  the  anachronism. 

Is  there  not  a  mistake  at  the  bottom  of  this  ? 
Was  not  the  original  title  of  the  sonnet :  "  To  Mr. 
H.  Lawes  on  his  Aires."  I  find  it  thus  printed 
in  the  edition  of  1705,  and  in  one  modern  edition 
of  1809,  which  are  the  only  editions  to  which  I 
have  present  access.  The  omission  of  the  words 
"  the  publishing,"  alters  the  whole  argument,  and 
converts  the  sonnet  into  an  outpouring  of  pri- 
vate friendship  instead  of  a  recommendatory 
epistle.  C.  E. 

THE  ENGLISH  MILITIA  (2nd  S.  v.  177.)— Your 
correspondent  wishes  to  know  what  other  regi- 
ments of  English  Militia  volunteered  and  served 
in  Ireland  in  1798.  As  one  of  the  two  "  still  to 
be  accounted  for,"  I  would  mention  the  Royal 
Bucks  Militia  as  one  which  served  under  the 
command  of  the  Marquis  of  Buckingham  during 
the  Irish  Rebellion.  Jos.  G. 

A  FEMALE  CORNET  (2nd  S.  ix.  344.)— Perhaps 
the  following  circumstances,  related  as  happening 
in  the  reign  of  George  I.  (not  George  III.),  may 
be  those  about  which  W.  D.  puts  a  Query. 
Sarah,  Duchess  of  Marlborough,  writes  under 
date  of  December  3,  1737,  thus  :  — 

"  I  will  begin  the  relation  with  Mr.  Lepelle,  my  Lord 
Fanny's  [John,  Lord  Hervey,]  wife's  father,  having 
made  her  [Molly  Lepel]  a  cornet  in  his  regiment  as  soon 
as  she  was  born,  and  she  was  paid  many  years  after  she 
was  a  Maid  of  Honour. 

"  She  was  extreme  forward  and  pert ;  and  my  Lord 
Sunderland  got  her  a  pension  of  the  late  King  [George 
I.~j,  it  being  too  ridiculous  to  continue  her  any  longer  an 
officer  in  the  army."  —  VYalpole's  Letters  (ed.  by  Cun- 
ningham), i.  clii. 

R.  F.  SKETCHLEY. 

PONTEFRACT  (2nd  S.  ix.  343.)— On  reading  <f>.'s 
Query,  as  to  the  locality  of  Pontefract-upon- 
Thames,  I  inquired  of  an  old  resident  of  Sunbury 
(Middlesex)  whether  she  remembered  any  place 
on  the  banks  of  the  Thames  of  that  name,  and 
was  informed  that  there  was  a  place  by  the  vil- 
lage of  Shepperton  Ashford,  that  she  always  knew 
by  the  name  of  "Broken  Bridge,"  or  "Broken 
Splash"  (splash  being  a  locaji  name  for  bridge)  ; 
but  that  she  had  never  heard  it  called  Pontefract 
or  Pomfret. 

She  also  said  that  about  twenty  years  back, 
traces  of  a  road  (laid  on  piles)  running  directly 
towards  the  Thames  and  crossing  several  small 
pieces  of  water  on  its  way,  but  stopping  at  the 
brink  of  the  river,  could  still  be  traced. 

Shepperton  Ashford  is  about  three  miles  from 
Sunbury,  and  seven  from  Kingston.  CHELSEGA. 

XOTES  ON  REGIMENTS  (2nd  S.  ix.  23.  111.)  — 
The  motto  "  Vestigia  nulla  retrorsum  "  was  not 
first  adopted  by  the  5tli  Dragoon  Guards.  Hamp- 
den  in  1641  raised  a  regiment  of  infantry  in 


396 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2n<i  S.  IX.  MAY  19.  'CO. 


Buckinghamshire,  and  the  motto  chosen  for  the 
corps'  standard  was  the  patriot's  own  most  appro- 
priate device,  "  Vestigia  nuila  retrorsum." 

C.  J.  ROBINSON. 

PERKIN  WARBECK  (2nd  S.  v.  157.) — Has  any 
information  been  obtained  as  to  the  history  of 
those  curious  and  very  rare  silver  pieces,  called 
"  Perkin  Wat-beck's  Groats,"  beyond  the  numis- 
matic tradition  that  they  were  struck  by  the 
Duchess  of  Burgundy  in  1494,  in  furtherance  of 
the  supposed  Duke  of  York's  invasion  of  England 
in  the  following  year  ?  Jos.  G. 


•    DONALDSON'S  BIBLIOGRAPHY  OP  AGRICULTURE. 

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I    GJSORGE  ST.  GEORGE'S  GUIDE  TO  THE  NETHERLANDS.    (1836?) 
;    SOBTBRS'  DORHAM.    4  Vols.  4to.    Or  Vol.  IV. 
Any  Books  relating  to  America,  printed  before  1790. 
Street  Songs,  Ballads,  or  street  literature  of  any  kind. 
COOKES'  (LADY  ANNK)  TRANSLATION  OF  BKR.  OCHI.NO'S  Sruxox*. 

ALMANACK,  Plates  by  Geo.  Cruikshank.    Complete  set.    i«35_33. 
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t0 

We  are  compelled  to  omit  our  usual  Notes  on  Books. 
M.  S.  R.  win  find  in  the  1st  vol.  of  our  1st  Series,  pp.  28.  52.  128.  the 
>ay  of  Grog,  and  at  the  last  reference  the  Ballad  by  Dr.  Trotter. 
_     lant  Admiral  to  whom  we  were  indebted  for  that  communication* 
there,  states  that  there  was  an  earlier  ballad  on  The  Origin  of  Grog. 
We  shall  be  vert,  glad  if  this  fresh  reference  to  the  subject  shoul  i  prove  a 
means  of  recovering  it. 

PERF.GHINUS.  "  The  Two  Kings  of  Brentford"  -figure  in  the  Duke  of 
Buckingham 's  Rehearsal,  where  in  Act  II.  Sc.  2.  'the  staf/e  direction  is, 
'  I:  n  to- the  Two  Kings  hand-in-hand"  and  where  they  probably  did  so 
"smelling at  one  nosegay,"  although  no  such  direction  occurs. 

C.  GOLDING.  Joshua  Sylvester  is  the  author  o/Tobacco  Battered,  and 
the  Pipes  Shattered.  See  "  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  ii.  333.;  iii.  38  j. ;  and  vii.  2. 

A  SMOKING  READER  will  find  some  curious  notices  of  the  introduction 
of  Tobacco  into  India  in  our  1st  S.  ii.  60.  154. 

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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


UNITED   KINGDOM 

LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  S.W. 

The  Hon.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 

CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  Esq.,  Deputy  Chairman. 

FOURTH  DIVISION  OF  PROFITS. 

SPECIAL  NOTICE.-Parties  desirous  of  participating  in  the  fourth 
division  of  profits  to  be  declared  on  all  policies  effected  prior  to  the  31st 
December  next  year,  should,  in  order  to  enjoy  the  game,  make  imme- 
diate application.  There  have  already  been  three  divisions  of  profits, 
and  the  bonuses  divided  have  averaged  nearly  2  per  cent,  per  annum  on 
the  sums  assured,  or  from  30  to  100  per  cent,  on  the  premiums. paid, 
•without  i-nparting  to  the  recipients  the  risk  of  copartnership,  as  is  the 
case  in  mutual  societies. 

To.  show  more  clearly  what  these  bonuses  amount  to,  three  following 
cases  are  put  forth  as  examples  : 

Sum  Insured.        Bonuses  added.        Amount  payable  up  to  Dec.,  1854. 
£5,000  £1,987  10*.  <6,987  10s. 

l,0(;o  397  10*.  1,397  10s. 

100  S9  15s.  139  15s. 

Notwithstanding  these  large  additions,  the  premiums  are  on  the 
lowest  scale  compatible  with  security  forthe  payment  of  the  policy  when 
death  arises;  in  addition  to  which  advantages,  one  half  of  the  annual 
premiums  may,  if  desired,  for  the  term  of  five  years,  remain  unpaid  at 
5  per  cent,  interest,  the  other  half  being  advanced  by  the  company  with- 
out security  or  deposit  of  the  policy. 

The  Assets  of  the  Company  at  the  31st  December,  1858,  amounted 
to*652,6LS  -3s.  10(7., 'all  of  which  has  been  invested  in  Government  and 
other  approved  securities. 

No  charge  for  Volunteer  Military  Corps  whilst  serving  in  the  United 
Kingdom. 

Policy  Stamps  paid  by  the  Office. 

Immediate  application  should  be  made  to  the  Resident  Director,  8. 
Waterloo  Place,  Pall  Mall.— By  order, 

P.  MACINTYRE,  Secretary. 

WESTERN    LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 
ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1848. 


H.E.  Bicknell.Esq. 

T.  S.  Cocks,  Esq. 

G.  H.Drew,  Esq.  M.A. 

W.  Freeman, Esq. 

F.  Fuller, Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq. 


Directors. 


E.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  »larson,Esq. 
A.  Robinson,  Esq. 
J.L.Sea<rer,Eaq. 
J.B.  White, Esq. 


Physician.—  "W.  R.  Basham.M.D. 

Bankers Messrs.  Cocks,  Biddulph.andCo. 

Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A.  . 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  this  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  paying  a  Premium,  as  permission  is  given  upon 
application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  the  con- 
ditions detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

LOANS  from  100Z.  to  500Z.  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 
Security. 

Attention  is  also  invited  to  the  rates  of  annuity  granted  to  old  lives, 
for  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 
Example :  100.'.  cash  paid  down  purchases— An  annuity  of — 
£  s.  d. 
10   4    o  to  a  male  life  aged  60) 

13  s    l  „  65 1  Payable  as  long 

14  16    3  70  (     as  he  is  alive. 

75J 


MR. 


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CLERGY  MUTUAL   ASSURANCE  SOCIETY, 
3.  Broad  Sanctuary,  Westminster. 
Patrons-  The  Archbishops  of  CANTERBURY  and  YORK. 

Trustees— The  Bishops  of  London  and  Winchester,  the  Dean  of  West- 
minster, and  the  Archdeacon  of  Maidstoue. 

Council  of  Reference  —  The  Archbishops,  and  Bishops  of  London,  Dur- 
ham and  Winchester. 

Chairman  of  Directors—  The  Archdeacon  of  LONDON. 
Deputy  Chairman  _F.  L.  WOLLASTON,  Esq.,  M.A. 

The  present  amount  assured  upon  life  exceeds  3,000,OOOZ. 

The  invested  capital  is  upwards  of  9-10,000?. 

The  annual  income  is  upwards  of  120,0007. 

Clergymen,  and  the  wives,  widows,  sons,  and  daughters  of  clergymen, 
and  the  near  relations  of  clesgymen,  and  the  near  relations  of  the 
wives  of  clergymen,  are  qualified  to  effect  assurances  upon  their  lives 
in  this  Society  to  any  amount  not  exceeding  &000/.  The  rates  of  pre- 
mium are  moderate  ;  there  are  no  proprietors  to  share  in  the  profits, the 
whole  of  the  surplus  capital,  assigned  every  fifth  year,  being  appro- 
priated to  the  assured  members. 

The  next  bonus  will  be  in  the  year  186!. 

Assurances  upon  life  may  be  made  in  this  Society  upon  payment  of 
reduced  annual  premiums,  viz.,  upon  payment  of  four-fifths  of  the 
rates  chargeable,  one-fifth  remaining  in  arrear,  to  be  paid  off  from  time 
to  time  by  bonus. 

Prospectuses  and  forms  of  application  for  assurances  may  be  obtained 
at  the  office;  or  by  letter  to  the  Secretary. 

JOHN  HODGSON,  M.A.,  Sec. 


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AND  PRONOUNCED  iff  HER  MAJESTY'S  LAUNDRESS,  TO  BK 
THE  FINEST  STARCH  SHE  EVER  USED. 

Sold  by  all  Chandlers,  Grocers,  sec.  &c. 
WOTHERSPOON  &.  CO.,  GLASGOW  &  LONDON. 

BROWN  &  POLSON'S 

PATENT   CORN   FLOTJK. 

The  Lancet  States, 

"  THIS  is  SDPERIOB  TO  ANYTHING  op  THE  KIND  KNOWN." 

The  most  wholesome  part  of  the  best  Indian  Corn,  prepared  by  a  pro- 
cess Patented  for  the  Three  Kingdoms  and  France,  and  whererer  it 
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mange ;  all' the  uses  of  the  finest  arrow  root,  and  especially  suited  to 
the  delicacy  of  Children  and  Invalids  :  — 

BROWN  &  POLSON, 

Manufacturers  to  Her  Majesty  the  Queen  t 

PAISLEY,  MANCHESTER,  DUBLIN,  and  LONDON. 


REDUCTION  OF  DUTY. 

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36s Fine  old  Port,  42s.,  48s.,  51s.,  60s Pure  St.-Julien  Claret,  2ls.  and 

30s. — Very  superior  ditto,  36s. — La   Rose,  36s.,  42s Finest   growth 

Clarets,  60s.,  72s.,  84s._ Chablis,  36s.,  48s.-Red  and  White  Burgundy, 

36s.  ,4Ss.  to  84s Champagne,  42s.,  54s.,  60s.,  72s Hock  and  Moselle, 

36s.,  48s.,  60s.  to  U'Os.-East  India  Madeira,  Imperial  Tokay,  Vermuth, 


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eill  be  forwarded  immediately  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

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and  30.  King's  road,  Brighton. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 


"TVIAPHANIE,  or  the   Art  of  Imitating   Stained 

JL/  Glass,  adapted  for  Church  or  Staircase  Windows,  Conservatories, 
&c.  A.  MARION  &  CO.  suggest  to  those  whose  windows  overlook  un- 
sightly walls,  or  objects,  that  the  art  of  DIAPHANIE  offers  to  them  a 
means  of  remedying  the  inconvenience  at  a  trifling  cost. 

Book  of  Instructions  sent  Post  Free  for  6d.    Book  of  Etchings  Post 
Free  Gratis.    A  handsome  specimen  of  the  art  adapted  to  their  shop 
doors  may  be  seen  at  A.  MARION  &  CO.'s,  152.  Regent  Street,  London, 
W.    Wholesale  and  Retail. 
Agents  at  Leeds ;  MESSRS.  HARVEY,  REYNOLDS  &  FOWLER. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  [2«<  s.  ix.  MAY  19.  »co. 

MR.  FORSTER'S  NEW  WORK. 

This  Day,  Post  8vo.,  12s. 

ARREST  OF  THE  FIVE  MEMBERS  BY  CHARLES  THE  FIRST. 

A.  CHAPTER  OF   ENGLISH  HISTORY   RE- WRITTEN. 

BY    JOHN    FORSTER. 
JOHN  MURRAY,  ALBEMARLE  STREET,  W. 

MR.  LESLIE'S  PERSONAL  REMINISCENCES. 

Next  Week,  with  Portrait  of  the  Author,  2  Vols.  Post  Svo. 

AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL    RECOLLECTIONS. 

BY  THE  LATE  CHARLES  ROBERT  LESLIE,  R.A., 

With  a  PREFATORY  ESSAY,  including  EXTRACTS  from  his  CORRESPONDENCE  with  WASHINGTON  IRVING, 

and  other  Friends. 

BY  TOM   TAYLOR,  ESQ. 
JOHN  MURRAY,  ALBEMARLE  STREET,  W. 


Uniform  with  "  life  of  Bishop  Ken." 
This  Day,  with  Portrait,  Svo. ,  10s.  Gc7. 


The  French  Invasion  of  Russia. 

Now  Ready,  with  Plans,  8vo.,  15s. 


JjJL  ROBERT  NELSON,  Author  of  the  "  Companion  to  the  Festivals  !  JL  THE  FRENCH  INVASION  OF  RCSSIA,  AND  RETREAT  OP  THE  FRENCH 
and  Fasts  of  the  Church."  By  the  REV.  C.  F.  SECRETAN,  M.A.,  I  ARMY,  IN  1812.  By  GENERAL  SIR  ROBERT  WILSON,  K.M.T., 
Incumbent  of  Holy  Trinity,  Westminster.  British  Commissioner  at  Head  Quarters  of  the  Russian  Army. 


EMOIRS  OF  THE    LIFE  AND  TIMES    OF  j  rpHE  SECRET  HISTORY  OF  EVENTS  DCRING 

THE  FREN 
iv,  IN  1812. 


"  Considering  the  place  Robert  Nelson  occupies  among:  English  i  "  Sir  Robert  Wilson  was  with  the  Russian  Army  in  1812,  and  was 

worthies,  it  is  surprising  that  he  has  not  sooner  found  a  biographer.  treated  confidentially  by  the  Emperor  Alexander;  hence  he  was  able  to 

We  may  safely  compliment  Mr.  Secretan  on  his  tact  and  skill."  —  Li-  give  a  history  of  the  French  Invasion  of  Huss-ia,  which  may  be  ndvaii- 

terary  Churchman.  tageously  read  after  the  narratives  of  Labaurne,  Segur,  and  others.  It 

"Mr.  Secretan 's  biography  is  worthy  to  take  its  place  by  the  side  i  "  the  work  of  a  soldier  and  a  gentleman,  who  felt  bound  to  .record 

of  those  which  old  Izaak  Walton  has  left  us,  and  Nelson  was  iust  such  !  many  things  that  .reflect  deep  disgrace  on  many  of  the  actors  in  that 

a  character  as  Izaak  Walton  would  have  loved  to  delineate.'"  -  John  memorable  campaign,  and  that  is  the  reason  of  its  publication  having 

j},ill.  I  been  so  long  delayed.  — Literary  Churchman. 

"Mr.  Secretan  has  done  Churchmen  service  by  this  excellent  com-  {  JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street,  W. 

panion  volume  to  Mr.  Anderdon's  Life  of  Ken.    The  work  is  well  and          . . 

carefully  done  as  a  whole,  and  is  written  with  aright  spirit  and  in  a  fair 

and  sensible  tone."—  Giiardian.  Uniform   With  Hallaiu's    History   Of 

JOHN  MURRAY,  Alberaarle  Street,  W.  literature. 

Just  Ready,  One  Volume,  Svo. 

Completion  of  »  Rawllnson-s  Herodotus."  HISTORY   OF    FLEMISH   LITERATURE, 

Now  Ready,  with  Maps  and  Woodcuts,  the  4th  and  concluding  J\    AND  m   CELEDRAT,D   ADTHORS.    FROM   THE   12TH   CENTCRY   TO 

Volume  of  THB  pKESENT  TIME.    By  OCTAVE  DELEPIERRE. 

rriHE     HISTORY     OF    HERODOTUS;     A     NEW!  uMr.Hallam  in  his  introduction  to « The  Literature  of  Europe' has 

JL     ENGLISH  VERSION-,  FROM   THE  TEXT  OP  GATSFORD.     Edited  with  j  in  a  great  measure    overlooked  Dutch  authors,   quoting  only  a  few 

copious  notes  and  essays,  historical  and  ethnographical,  by  the  REV.  1  names  of  European  celebrity,  of  comparatively  recent  times,  and  he 

GEORGE    RAWLINSON,  M.A.,  assisted  by  SIR  HENRY  RAWI.INSON,  I  has  altogether  omitted  Flemish  writers  and  their  works.    The  well- 


GEORGE    RAWLINSON,  M.A.,  assisted  by 
K.C.B.,  and  SIR  J.  G.  WILKINSON,  F.R.S. 

"  Worthy  to  take  rank  in  its  own  kind  with  the  works  of  Thirlwall, 
and  Grote,  and  Mure,  and  Gladstone.  And  let  it  be  said,  once  for  all, 
that  the  book  is  a  great  book."  —  Guardian. 

"  We  have  no  doubt  that  Mr.  Rawlinson's '  Herodotus '  will  be  the 
greatest  work  which  British  scholarship  has  perhaps  ever  produced." 
_  Dublin  University  Magazine. 


Ary  Scheffer. 

Now  Ready,  with  Portrait,  8vo.,  8s.  6d. 

EMOIR    OF    THE    LIFE    OF    THE    LATE 

ARY  SCHEFFER.    By  MRS.  GROTE. 


M 


merited  fame  of  his  book,  and  its  great  authority,  suggested  to  me  the 
idea  of  making  up  in  some  degree  for  this  omission,  and  of  giving  to 
the  English  public  a  sketch  of  these  neglected  authors."  —  Author's 


Preface. 


JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street,  W. 


Mr.  Scott's  Work  on  Gothic  Architecture. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street,  W. 

Now  Ready,  2nd  Edition,  8vo.,  9s. 


T>EMARKS  ON  SECULAR  AND   DOMESTIC 


Jit    A 

SCOTT, 


ARCHITECTURE,  Present  and  Future.     By  G.  GILBERT 


A.R.A. 


"  Gothic  architecture  no  one  could  well  deny  to  be  our  national  style, 
but  the  further  question  as  to  its  capability  of  adaptation  to  modern 


requirements  is  one  that  may  well  demand  consideration.    Mr.  Scott 
This  is  the  work  of  a  steady,  pen  in  a  sure  hand.    There  is  the  care-      enters  fully  into  this  part  of  his  subject.    No  class  of  building  escapes 
fulness  of  a  true  literary  artist  in  this  Memoir.    We  could  linger  wil-  i   his  attention,  no  detail,  however  insignificant,  but  is  brought  under 
lingly  over  the  book.  '—Athenccum.  I  notice."— Literary  Churchman. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street ,  W.  JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street,  W. 

Printed  by  GEORGE  ANDREW  SrorTiswooDB,  of 'No.  10.  Little  New  Street,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  City  of  London,  at  No.  5.  New-street 
Square,  in  the  said  Parish,  and  published  by  GEORGE  BELL,  of  No.  186.  Fleet  Street,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Dunstan  in  the  West,  in  the  City  of 
London,  Publisher,  at  No.  186.  Fleet  Street, aforesaid.  —  Saturday,  May  19,  1860.  - 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

A  MEDIUM   OF   INTER-COMMUNICATION 


FOR 


LITERARY  MEN,   ARTISTS,   ANTIQUARIES,   GENEALOGISTS,  ETC. 

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SATURDAY,  MAY  26.  1860. 


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tarnped  Edition,  Sd. 


Her  Majesty's  Concert  Rooms,  Hanover  Square. 

THE  ROYAL  SOCIETY  OF  FEMALE  MUSICIANS, 

Established  1839,  for  the  Relief  of  its  distressed  Members. 

PATRONESS, 
HER  MOST  GRACIOUS  MAJESTY  THE  QUEEN. 


1 


HER  ROYAL  HIGHNESS  THE  DUCHESS  OF  KENT, 

HER  ROYAL  HIGHNESS  THE  DUCHESS  OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

On  FRIDAY  EVENING,  JUNE  8,  I860,  will  be  performed,  for  the 
benefit  of  this  Institution,  A  MISCELLANEOUS  CONCERT  of  Vocal 
and  Instrumental  Music. 

VOCAL  PERFORM? as:— Madlle.  Parepa.  Madame  Rieder,  and  Madame 
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Miss  Emily  Greshum,  and  Miss  Augusta  Thomson;  M.Jules  Lefort, 
Mr.  Wilbye  Cooper,  and  Mr.  bantley. 

In  the  course  of  the  Concert,  the  London  Glee  and  Madrigal  Union 
will  perform  some  of  tucir  favourite  Pieces. 

INSTRI-MKNTAUSTS:  — Pianoforte,  Mr.  W.  G.  Cusins  and  M.Leopold 
de  Meyer.  Piano  Orgue,  ITerr  Ensel.  Flute,  Mr.  R.  Sidney  Prat'en. 
And  the  London  Quintet  Union,  Messrs.  Willy,  Weslake,  Webb.Pettit, 
and  Reynolds.  The  kind  assistance  of  other  eminent  Artistts  is  ex- 
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Conductor,  Professor  Sterndale  Bennett,  Mus.  Doc.  The  Doors  will 
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AGNA  CHART  A,  EMBLAZONED  IN  GOLD 

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CURIOUS  BOOKS.— A  Number  of  these  having 
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A   DICTIONARY  OF  OLD  ENGLISH  PLAYS, 

I          .1*1,.,    !„    T>T>TVm    ~  *T  *  TVTTTCrmTT,^    before    J^Q.       By  JAMES 


nOLBURN'S    NEW    MONTHLY  MAGAZINE, 

\J     Edited  by  W.  HARRISON  AINSWORTH,  ESQ. 
CONTENTS  for  JUNE. 
No.  CCCCLXXIV. 

Little  Grand  and  the  Marchioness;  or,  our  Maltese  Peerage.    Part  II. 
He  Speaks  not  of  the  Old  Times.    By  J.  E.  Carpenter. 
Nightingale  Notes.    By  Sir  Nathaniel. 

ThePBelle8^ZfZthe  Island.    A  Colonial  Sketch.    By  Mrs.  Bushby. 

Ransackings  in  a  Royal  Writing -Desk. 

The  Remains  of  William  Caldwell  Roscoe. 

Love-Smitten.    By  W.  Charles  Kent. 

The  Protestant  Church  at  Metz. 

East  Lynne.    By  the  Author  of  "  Ashley."    Part  the  Sixth. 

Prince  Oolgoroukow's  Russia. 

Burmah. 

The  Dreamer  of  Glo»cester. 

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MR.  PORSTER'S  NEW  WORK. 

This  Day,  Post  8vo.,  12s., 

4RREST     OF    THE     FIVE     MEMBERS    BY 
CHARLES   THE  FIRST.    A  CHAPTER  OF  ENGLISH  HISTORY 
BITTEN.    By  JOHN  FORSTER. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street,  W. 

This  Day,  Foolscap  Octavo,  5s., 

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\J    Author  of  "  Likes  and  Dislikes." 
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Row,  B.C. 

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LIFE  OF  THE  RIGHT  REV.  MONSIGNOR 
WEEDALL,  D.D.,  Domestic  Prelate  of  his  Holiness 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


397 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  MAY  26.  18CO. 


NO.  230.— CONTENTS. 

NOTES:  — Milton  at  Chalfont,  397  —  Gleanings  from  the 
Records  of  the  Treasury,  No.  5.,  899  — Tyburn  Gallows, 
400  —  Longevity  in  Yorkshire,  Ib. 

MINOR  NOTES  :  —  De  Quincey  on  Johnson  —  History  always 
reproduces  itself  —  Devil's  Own  —  Proverb  —  Muffs,  a 
Slang  Name,  401. 

QUERIES :  —  Buffon  and  Madame  de  Sevigne"— The  Weapon 
Angol,  or  Anjrul  —  David  Anderson  —  Sir  Thomas  Tas- 
borowe  — Britain  1116  B.C.  — "Robin  Fletcher  and  the 
Sweet  Roode  of  Chester"  —  Descriptive  Catalogue  — 
Singer's  Reprints  —  Pacetia  —  Coach  and  Horses  —  Ru- 
therford family  —  Pencil  Writing  —  "  Gr. :  "  "  Sammluiig  " 
Martha  Gunn  —  Laurel  Berries  —  Fellowes' "  Visit  to  the 
Monastery  of  La  Trappe"  — Celtic  Surnames  —  Quakers 
described —Hymn  on  Prayer  —  La  Chasse  du  Sanglier  in 
Trance—  Rev.  George  Oliver,  D.D.,  402. 

Qu '  RI  R3  WIT  u  AN  SWERS  :  —  Samuel  Daniel — Date  of  the 
Crucifixion  —Rebellion  of  1715—  Rifling  — Etymology  of 
Rifle  — B.  Huydecoper,  404. 

REPLIES:  — Judges'  Black  Cap,  405  —  Carnival  at  Milan, 
Ib.  —  Tart  Hall,  406— Alleged  Interpolations  in  the  %'Te 
Deum,"407  —  Brass  of  John  Flambard  at  Harrow,  408  — 
Sir  Walter  Raleigh's  House  —  Passage  in  Menander  — 
Manners  of  the  Last  Century  —  The  SB  ulchral  Effigies  at 
Kirkby  Belers  and  Ashby  Folville,  co.  Leicester  —  Sir  Peter 
Gleane  — Maria  or  Maria— Institution  by  Bishop  Bedell 
'—  Clifton  of  Leighton  Bromswold  — Medals  of  the  Pre- 
tender— Fletcher  Family  —  Dr.  Robert  Clayton  —  Engra- 
vings by  Rembrandt  —  Letters  from  Buxton :  Robinson's 
Rats :  the  Ancient :  Bells  —  Hereditary  Alias,  &c.,  410, 

Notes  on  Books. 


MILTON  AT  CHALFONT. 
Finding  myself  a  few  weeks  ago  too  late  for  a 
train  at  Uxbridge,  and  wishing  to  fill  up  the  in- 
terval with  a  visit  to  any  place  of  interest  in  the 
neighbourhood  —  ancient  church  or  historic  man- 
sion —  on  consulting  a  pocket-map,  the  name  of 
Chalfont  S.  Giles  caught  my  attention,  —  a  place 
I  had  long  wished  to  visit ;  for  in  that  village  is 
still  remaining  the  house  which  Ellwood  the 
Quaker  selected  for  Milton's  retreat,  when  the 
plague  of  1665  broke  out  so  fearfully  in  London. 
"  I  took  a  pretty  box  for  him,"  says  he,  "  in  Giles' 
Chalfont,  a  mile  from  me ; "  Ellwood  at  the  time 
being  engaged  as  tutor  in  the  family  of  one  of  his 
wealthy  co-religionists  in  that  parish.  And  singu- 
larly pleasant  proved  my  walk  of  some  six,  or, 
may  be,  seven  miles  from  Uxbridge.  True,  from 
the  protracted  winter,  the  woods  were  yet  un- 
adorned with  their  leafy  garniture,  but  life  was 
stirring  in  bud  and  bough ;  the  long  pendulous 
catkins  of  the  hazel  waved  gaily  in  the  breeze  ;  in 
the  osier  beds,  beside  the  tiny  stream  that  comes 
down  from  Chalfont,  the  bees  were  revelling  in 
the  yellow  blossoms — the  well-remembered  "Sun- 
day palms"  of  childhood — "the  time  of  the  sing- 
ing of  birds  was  come; "  thrush  and  blackbird  were 
calling  merrily  to  each  other  with  clear  bold 
notes  from  the  leafless  tree-tops,  and  the  plaintive 
cry  of  the  newly -yeaned  lambs  fell  not  unpleas- 
ingly  on  the  ear,  while  far  aloft  the  lark  was 


carolling  "from  his  watch-tower  in  the  skies." 
Even  the  few  persons  I  encountered  on  my  way 
seemed,  from  their  cheerful  looks  and  brisk  mo- 
tions, to  have  caught  the  happy  infection  of  the 
season.  Just  before  reaching  the  village  of  Chal- 
font S.  Peter,  with  its  church  neatly  restored  in 
good  brickwork,  and  where  the  road  winds  be- 
tween the  well-wooded  domain  of  Chalfont  Hall 
and  its  neighbour  "  the  Grove,"  a  noisy  colony  of 
rooks  were  building  their  nests  in  jubilant  acti- 
vity, and,  as  if  celebrating  the  return  of  spring, — 

"...     cubiHbus  altis, 
Nescio  qua  praeter  solitum  dulcedine  Izeti." 

Indeed  all  creatures  seemed  in  merry  mood  to- 
day, realising,  as  I  thought,  the  pretty  chanson  of 
the  old  French  poet :  — 

"Le  Temps  a  quitte'  son  manteau 

De  vert,  de  froidure,  et  de  pluie ; 

Et  s'est  vetu  de  broderie 

De  soleil  luisant,  flair  et  beau: 

II  n'y  a  ni  bete  ni  oiseau, 

Qu'e'n  son  jargon  ne  chantent  et  crie, 

*  Le  Temps  a  quitte'  son  manteau 

De  vert,  de  froidure,  et  de  pluie.' "  Ronsard. 
Soon  afterwards  the  road  enters  the  parish  of 
Chalfort  S.  Giles,  stretching  on  for  some  distance 
between  meadows  sloping  down  to  the  little  slial-' 
low  stream  below,  across  which  at  last  a  foot- 
bridge leads  into  the  churchyard.  The  church 
has  few  points  of  interest,  and  wore  an  air  of 
neglect,  arising  possibly  from  the  want,  until  re- 
cently, of  a  resident  incumbent.  At  the  extremity 
of  the  main  street  of  the  secluded,  but  not  pic- 
turesque, village  stands  the  sometime  residence  of 
the  grand  old  poet.  It  is  a  small  brick-built  cot- 
tage, "semi-detached"  it  would  now  be  called, 
for  dos  a  dos  there  is  another  cottage,  and  both, 
as  it.  struck  me,  might  have  formed  originally  but 
a  single  dwelling-house.  The  gabled  end,  with  a 
huge  projecting  chimney,  faces  the  village  street : 
the  house  itself  fronts  a  little  garden-croft,  into 
which  a  wicket-gate  opens  from  the  road.  Lean- 
ing over  this  gate  I  found  the  present  tenant,  a 
labouring  man,  who  admitted  me  not  very  wil- 
lingly. It  was  hard,  he  thought,  that  Ms  house 
should  be  constantly  beset  by  wandering  tourists, 
who  came  to  see  "the  nothing  that  there  was  to 
show.''  The  house  fronts  the  south  ;  a  vine  covers 
its  walls  :  on  entering  there  is,  on  the  left  hand  of 
the  door  towards  the  street,  a  kitchen,  on  the 
right  a  parlour.  This  latter,  a  very  small  low 
room  with  a  single  window,  remains  much  as  it 
must  have  been  during  the  poet's  occupancy. 
The  mantel-piece  seems  of  that  date,  but  the 
hearth  is  filled  up  by  a  modern  stove.  Beside  it 
is  a  square  open  cupboard,  or  ambry,  with  a 
single  shelf  for  books,  on  which  not  improbably 
once  lay  the  MS.  of  Paradise  Lost.  I  can  ima- 
gine no  person  of  a  cultivated  mind  so  insensible 
to  local  associations  as  not  to  feel  more  than  or- 
dinary emotion  in  looking  round  this  little  room. 


398 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


[2°*  S.  IX.  MAY  26.  '60. 


How  much  of  unrecorded  wisdom,  how  many 
sallies  of  playful  wit,  must  have  brightened  this 
humble  fireside,  when,  during  that  winter  of 
1665-6,  some  chosen  friend  was  present  as  a 
guest  to 

"  Help  waste  a  sullen  day,  what  may  be  won 
From  the  hard  season  gaining."  * 

For  Milton  was  much  visited  by  his  learned  con- 
temporaries, and  was  himself  eminently  a  good 
converser.  "He  was  delightful  company,"  said 
his  favourite  daughter,  "  and  was  the  life  of  the 
conversation."  Here  Henry  Laurence  may  have 
held  high  converse  with  the  blind  bard  on  "  our 
Communion  and  war  with  Angels,"  a  subject  of 
mysterious  speculation  congenial  to  both  of  them. 
Here  we  know  that  there  came  a  humbler  visi- 
tor, but  one  to  whose  casual  suggestion  the  world 
is  indebted  for  one  of  its  noblest  literary  posses- 
sions. For  in  this  room  was  planned,  in  this 
cottage  was  begun,  and  in  all  probability  com- 
pleted, the  poem  of  "  Paradise  Regained."  The 
occurrence  is  thus  related  by  Milton's  young 
friend  and  neighbour,  Ellwood,  who  had  called 
here  to  pay  the  first,  visit  of  welcome  to  the  poet 
in  his  new  abode  :  "  After  some  common  dis- 
courses had  passed  between  us,  he  called  for  a 
MS.  of  his,  which  he  bade  me  take  home  with  me 
and  read  at  my  leisure."  Honest  Ellwood,  on 
returning  the  MS.  at  his  next  visit,  "  pleasantly 
said,  '  Thou  hast  said  much  here  of  Paradise  Lost, 
but  what  hast  thou  to  say  of  Paradise  Found  ? ' 
He  made  me  no  answer,  but  sat  some  time  in  a 
muse,  and  then  broke  off  the  discourse."  On  a 
subsequent  visit,  soon  after  the  poet's  return  to 
London,  Milton  showed  him  Paradise  Regained, 
and  "  in  a  pleasant  tone  said,  '  This  is  owing  to 
you,  for  you  put  it  into  my  head  by  the  question 
you  put  to  me  at  Chalfont.'  " 

The  author  of  a  meritorious  little  book  upon 
Miltoris  Early  Reading,  who  came  here  from 
Bath  many  years  ago,  remarked  that  there  was 
"no  prospect  from  the  windows."  But,  good  Mr. 
Dunster,  what  is  a  prospect  to  a  blind  man's  eye  ? 
And  there  were  prospects  within  the  room  that 
would  have  dazzled  the  eyes  of  the  cleverest  of 
the  poet's  commentators.  My  blindness,  says  Mil- 
ton in  a  magnificent  passage  in  his  Second  De- 
fence, "keeps  from  my  view  only  the  coloured 
surfaces  of  things,  while  it  leaves  me  at  liberty  to 
contemplate  the  beauty  and  stability  of  virtue 
and  of  truth.  How  many  things  are  there  be- 
sides which  I  would  not  w'illingly  see  ;  how  many 


*  Sonnet  xx.  Much  criticism  has  been  expended  of 
late  upon  translations  of  the  Odes  of  Horace,  which  are 
after  all  untranslatable.  Were  I  asked  to  name  any  poem 
that  would  give  an  English  reader  the  best  idea  of  Ho- 
race's manner  in  his  less  ambitious  and  more  genial 
mood,  I  would  from  amongst  Milton's  social  sonnets 
venture  to  select  this  one,  and,  as  especially  character- 
istic, the  quiet  turn  in  the  closing  lines. 


which  I  must  see  against  my  will ;  and  how  few 
which  I  feel  any  anxiety  to  see  !  There  is,  as  the 
Apostle  has  remarked,  a  way  to  strength  through 
weakness.  Let  me  then  be  the  most  feeble  crea- 
ture alive,  as  long  as  that  feebleness  serves  to  in- 
vigorate the  energies  of  my  rational  and  immortal 
spirit ;  as  long  as  in  that  obscurity  in  which  I  am 
enveloped,  the  light  of  the  Divine  presence  more 
clearly  shines ! " 

Think  of  the  marvellous  visions  that  must  have 
passed  before  the  "  inward  eye  "  of  the  blind  old 
man  who  sat  in  the  chimney-nook  of  this  mean 
chamber  !  The  banquet  scene  in  the  2nd  book  of 
the  Paradise  Regained,  "  He  spake  no  dream," 
&c. ;  the  night-storm  in  the  4th,  and  then  the  ex- 
quisite description  of  morning  that  follows,  where 
the  secret  of  its  magical  effect  upon  the  reader 
arises  from  what  the  painter  would  call  its  repose 
—  from  the  force  of  contrast  between  the  calm 
and  quietude  of  the  "  sweet  return  of  morn  "  and 
the  hurricane  and  .demoniacal  glamour  of  the 
night  preceding  in  the  desert.  I  know  of  no  other 
instance  where  the  agency  of  this  feeling  of  re- 
pose is  employed  with  a  finer  effect,  except  one\ 
which  it  would  perhaps  hardly  comport  with  the 
reverence  due  to  divine  revelation  to  regard  from 
merely  a  literary  point  of  view ;  I  refer  to  the 
passage  in  S.  Luke's  Gospel  which  follows  the 
awful  narrative  of  our  Lord's  crucifixion.  After 
the  hideous  tumult  of  the  city, — the  "  great  com- 
pany of  people;"  the  ''loud  voices"  of  the  mock- 
ing priests ;  the  wailing  women  ;  together  with 
the  earthquake,  the  eclipse,  and  the  rending  of 
the  veil  of  the  Temple,  —  prodigies  which  ac- 
companied the  consummation  of  the  "unknown 
agonies  "  of  the  Cross  ;  after  all  this  occurs  a  pas- 
sage which  has  always  struck  me  as  inexpressibly 
soothing  :  one  seems  almost  to  feel  the  hush  and 
pathetic  stillness  of  the  early  morning,  when  to 
the  two  disciples  on  their  way  to  Emmaus,  "Jesus 
himself  drew  near  and  said  unto  them,  What  man- 
ner of  communications  are  these  that  ye  have  one 
to  another,  as  ye  walk  and  are  sad?" 

And  now,  in  closing  this  paper,  I  trust  I  may 
be  forgiven  for  the  avowal  that  I  am  so  far  a  lite- 
rary heretic  as  almost  to  prefer  the  Paradise  Re- 
gained to  its  great  precursor.  I  am  not  speaking 
critically,  although,  perhaps,  something  might  be 
said  that  way, — but  I  mean  as  far  as  my  own  indi- 
vidual feelings  are  concerned.  I  think  that  there 
is  more  moral  wisdom,  more  richness  of  thought, 
and  far  more  pregnant  brevity  of  expression  in 
the  later  poem ;  less  of  sublimity,  but  certainly 
no  failure  of  strength  in  the  song  of  the  divine  old 
man,  who  at  its  commencement  invoked  heavenly 
assistance  to  bear  him 


".  .  .  .  through  height  or  depth  of  nature's  hounds 
With  prosperous  wing  full  suinm'd,  to  tell  of  deeds 
Above  heroic." 


W.  L.  NIGH 


3.  IX.  MAY  26.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


399 


GLEANINGS  FROM  THE  RECORDS  OF  THE 
TREASURY.— No.  V. 

We  next  have  some  correspondence  between 
the  Secretary  of  State's  office  and  the  Treasury 
respecting  certain  presents  of  books  to  the  king, 
and  the  purchase  of  others  at  Amsterdam  for  his 
majesty's  use :  also  particulars  relative  to  the  il- 
lumination of  certain  documents  transmitted  to 
ambassadors :  — 

"  My  Lords, 

"  Sigre  Coronelli,  Geographer  to  the  Republick  of 
Venice,  having  this  day  presented  to  the  Lords  Justices 
(in  the  name  of  his  Maj'y  and  for  his  use)  some  of  his 
Geographicall  works,  Their  Ex«=y  have  thought  fitt  that 
a  gratification  bee  made  him  of  one  hundred  Guinyes, 
which  they  command  me  to  acquaint  yor  Lord?*  with, 
and  they  desire  you  will  give  Directions  for  the  said 
8mnm  to  be  pavd  him  accordingly. 
"  «  I  am, 

"  My  Lords, 
"  Yor  LordP* 

"  Most  faithfull  & 

"  Most  humble  Servant, 

"  Whitehall,  "  JA.  VERNON. 

16  May,  1696. 
"  Ldi  Com"  of  the  Treasury." 

"  My  Lord.  "  Whitehall,  3<*  Aprill,  1710. 

"  Having  employed  Mr.  Brand,  her  Ma^8.  Em- 
bellisher in  writing  & 'Embellishing  an  Exemplification 
of  the  Act  Concerning  Ambassadors  &c.,  to  be  sent  to 
the  Czar  of  Muscovy :  which  consists  of  two  Skinns  of 
Vellum,  &  is  done  with  great  care  &  pains,  according  to 
the  Directions  given  him.  And  as  this  is  an  extraordinary 
Service,  &  different  from  his  usual  business  of  Embellishing 
her  Ma*y»  Letters,  I  take  the  liberty  to  acquaint  jrour  LOP 
therewith,  &  recommend  the  same  to  your  LOP'"  Consider- 
ation for  such  allowance  as  shall  be  thought  suitable. 
"  I  am, 
"  My  Lord, 

"  Your  LdP*.  most  humble 
"  And  obedient  Servant, 

"  H.  BOYLE. 
"  R».  Hon*1'.  Lord  High  Treasurer." 

"  My  Lord,  Whitehall,  30^  June,  1714. 

"  I  have  lately  employed  Mr.  Brand,  her  Majtiei. 
Writer  and  Embellisher  of  Letters  to  the  Eastern  Princes 
in  writing  and  embellishing  two  several  Instruments  on 
Vellom,  the  one  a  Patent  under  the  Great  Seal  of  Great 
Britain,  containing  her  Majtiei  Grant  of  an  Addition  of 
Arms  to  Signr.  Pietro  Grimani,  Ambassadour  from  the 
Republick  of  Venice,  the  other  a  Duplicate  of  the  same,  to 
be  Registred  in  the  College  of  Arms;  and  being  in- 
formed that  Mr.  Brand  has  usually  been  paid  for  such 
extraordinary  services,  which  are  different  from  his  busi- 
ness of  Embellishing  letters,  I  do  therefore  recommend  it 
to  your  LOP.  to  direct  the  payment  of  such  an  allowance 
to  Mr.  Brand  for  each  Instrument  as  has  been  given  him 
in  the  like  Cases.  I  am, 

"  My  Lord, 

""  Yor.  LOP*  mostobed*; 

"  Humble  Servant, 

"  BOLIKGBROKE. 

«  M.  H.  IA  H.  Treas'r  of  Great  Britain." 

"  My  Lords,  Whitehall,  14th  Decr.  1739. 

"  The  King  has  commanded  me  to  signify  to  your 
Lordships  his  Pleasure,  that  you  do  give  the  necessary 
Directions  for  paying  to  Mor.  Renard,  his  Majesty's  Agent 
tt  Amsterdam,  or  to  his  Assigns,  the  Sum  of  Fifty  Pounds 


in  Payment  for  a  Book  which  he  procured  for  His  Ma- 
jesty's Use. 

"lam, 

«•  My  Lord, 
"Your  Lordship's 

"  Most  obedient  humble  Servant, 

HARINGTON. 
"  Lords  Commissioners  of  the  Treasury." 

On  the  20th  December  this  fifty  pounds  was 
ordered  to  be  paid  out  of  money  in  Mr.  Lowther's 
hands. 

We  will  now  slightly  retrace  our  steps,  and 
wend  our  way  to  the  peaceful  village  of  Ken- 
sington, the  old  "  Court-suburb,"  where  the  in- 
habitants  had  erected  an  organ  in  their  church  to 
the  honour  and  glory  of  Almighty  God  ;  but  their 
zeal  had  exceeded  their  resources,  and  they  thus 
besought  the  powers  that  be  for  help  in  their 
difficulties :  — 

"  The  humble  Petic'on  of  ye 

"  Inhabitants  of  Kensington. 
"  May  it  please  yr  Ma«i«, 

"  Whereas  for  the  better  'promoting  Piety  &  De- 
votion, and  for  the  bringing  of  people  to  the  Service  of 
God,  an  Organ  hath  been  lately  erected  in  the  Parish 
Church  of  Kensington,  which  Organ  doth  amount  to  the 
BuTTie  of  five  hundred  pounds,  and  the  Inhabitants  of  the 
said  Parish  having  contributed  two  hundred  pounds  to- 
wards it,  and  by  the  smalness  of  the  Parish  not  being 
able  to  raise  but  little  more  towards  the  said  suine, 

"  Therefore  yor  Majties  Pet"  that  the  Organ  may  not 
be  taken  down  (which  it  must  unavoidably  be 
without  yor  Maties  great  Grace  and  Favour),  wee 
do  most  humbly  implore  yor  Royal  Bounty  in 
granting  to  us  what  in  yor  great"  goodness Vou 
shall  think  fitt  towards  the  raising  of  the  said 
three  hundred  pounds. 

"  And  yor  Pet"  as  in  dutv  bound  will  prav, 
&c." 

This  petition  was  presented  on  the  23rd  of 
December,  1702,  and  was  read  to  the  queen  on 
the  17th  March,  1703  (a  tardy  process),  when  it 
was  answered  that  "  my  Ld  will  speak  wth  y* 
Bp.  of  London."  The  result  of  this  conference  is 
at  present  unknown  to  me. 

But  while  the  solemn  sounds  of  the  "  pealing 
organ"  and  "  anthems  clear  "  are  yet  ringing  ia. 
pur  ears,  we  are  accosted  by  a  poor  widow,  who, 
in  telling  her  tale  of  pity,  discovers  to  us  her 
parentage,  and  the  fate  of  her  father,  the  regicide 
Hugh  Peters.  She  is  introduced  by  Lord  Not- 
tingham, who  by  the  command  of  her  majesty  the 
queen,  addresses  this  letter  to  the  Treasury  :  — 

"  Whitehall,  May  19th,  1703. 
«  My  Lord, 

"  I  send  your  Lord'P,  by  the  Queen's  Command, 
the  enclosed  case  of  Elizabeth  Barker,  Wid°,  and  am  to 
acquaint  you-}7t  her  Ma*y  would  have  you  consider  of  it 
and  report  your  opinion  what  her  Ma1?  may  fitly  do 


therein. 


I  am, 

"  Your  Lord'J" 

"  Most  obed1  humble  Servant, 
"  NOTTINGHAM. 


'  Lord  Treasurer.' 


400 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  MAY  26. '60. 


"  The  Case  of  Elizabeth  Barker,  widdow» 
daughter  of  Hugh  Peters. 

"  That  her  said  father  being  seized  of  a  small  estate, 
some  reall  &  some  personall,  both  here  &  in  New  Eng- 
land, did  on  the  first  of  Novr.  1659,  by  his  deed  in 
writeing  grant  all  his  said  Estate  to  his  said  daughter 
Elizabeth. 

"That  in  ye  3rear  1660,  the  &*  Hugh  Peters,  being  con- 
demned &  executed  for  High  treason,  &  the  said  Eli- 
zabeth soon  after  her  father's  death  haveing  peticon'd 
to  King  Charles  the  2<*  in  Councell,  his  Majesty  was 
pleased  to  order  the  goods  of  her  said  father  to  be  re- 
stored to  her. 

"  That  notwithstanding  the  forfeiture  of  the  said  Hugh 
Peters,  his  estate  in  New  England  wch  consisted  in  some 
small  parcells  of  land  of  an  inconsiderable  value  was 
never  seized  for  the  Crowne,  &  the  said  Elizabeth,  by 
reason  of  her  then  ignorance,  as  well  as  great  grief,  have- 
ing  omitted  to  mencon  the  same  in  her  peticon,  some 
persons  there  takeing  advantage  thereof,  &  of  the  ab- 
sence &  poverty  of  ye  sd  Elizabeth,  have  entred  into  the 
same,  &  are  still  in  possion  thereof,  tho'  they  derive  noe 
title  thereto,  either  from  the  Crowne  or  from  her  said 
father  or  her  self,  but  are  ready  to  compound  with  her  if 
they  may  be  secure  therein. 

«'  The  said  Elizabeth  being  very  poor,  haveing  been  a 
widdow  many  yeaves,  &  haveing  had  a  Constant  charge 
upon  her  of  8  children,  3  of  wch  in  the  last  warr  died  in 
his  Majesties  service,  &  the  rest  being  uncapable  to 
afford  her  a  maintenance,  &  she  being  altogether  help- 
less, her  hard  circumstances  render  her  a  fitt  &  just 
object  of  her  Majesties  Clemency;  and  therefore  prays 
her  Roj'al  letter  to  Collonell  Dudley,  Govorno  of  Boston 
Colony,  to  pass  a  Patent  to  her  for  the  said  lands  for- 
merly her  father's." 

From  a  memorandum  on  the  back  of  this  docu- 
ment it  appears  to  have  been  received  from 
"Mr.  Pen"  on  the  12th  May,  1703,  and  to  have 
been  read  on  the  3rd  June  following;  but  the 
result  I  have  not  been  able  as  yet  to  discover. 

WILLIAM  HENRY  HART. 
Folkestone  House, 
Roupell  Park,  Streatham. 


TYBURN  GALLOWS. 

The  following  note  from  Mr.  A.  J.  Beresford 
Hope,  published  in  The  Times  of  May  9th,  1860, 
should  be  preserved  in  "  N.  &  Q."  It  is  ad- 
dressed from  Arklow  House,  Connaught  Place, 
Mny  8th:  — 

"  The  site  of  Tyburn  gallows  has  been  a  frequent  sub- 
ject of  discussion  amongst  London  antiquaries.  It  may 
be  interesting  to  those  who  care  for  such  questions  to 
learn  that  yesterday,  in  the  course  of  some  excavations 
connected  with  the  repair  of  a  pipe  in  the  roadway,  close 
to  the  foot  pavement  a'ong  the  garden  of  this  house,  at 
the  extreme  south-west  angle  of  the  Edgware  road,  the 
workmen  came  upon  numerous  human  bones.  These 
were  obviously  the  relics  of  the  unhappy  persons  buried 
under  the  gallows." 

The  vexata  queatio  will,  I  presume,  be  settled 
by  this  fortuitous  discovery.  T.  LAMPRAY. 

[In   The  Times  of  May  llth  and  14th  appeared  the 
following  replies  to  Mr.  Hope's  communication :  — 
"  Sir,  —  In  answer  to  the  letter  of  Mr.  A.  J.  Beresford 


Hope,  in  your  impression  of  to-day,  allow  me  to  state 
what  has  been  constantly  asserted,  and  hitherto  without 
contradiction. 

li  There  is  a  house  in  Connaught  Square  (46. 1  think) 
which  tradition  declares  to  have  been  built  on  the  site  of 
Tyburn  gallows,  such  tradition  being  represented  to  be 
founded  upon  a  recital  in  the  lease,  identifying  the  plot 
of  ground  on  which  the  house  was  built  with  the  locus  in 
quo  of  the  fatal  tree.  Mr.  Hope's  argument  is,  to  say  the 
least,  founded  upon  an  insufficient  base.  If  the  coming 
New  Zealander  on  his  way  to  the  ruins  of  Waterloo 
Bridge  from  the  debris  of  St.  Paul's  were  to  conclude 
that  the  gallows  were  erected  within  the  walls  of  New- 
gate, because  he  saw  skeletons  dug  up  there,  he  would 
be,  as  we  know,  decidedly  wrong.  Felons  condemned  to 
death  pass  the  place  of  their  burial  on  the  way  to  the 
place  of  execution.  They  are  buried  near,  not  under,  the 
drop. 

"  Again,  with  the  exception  of  those  condemned  to  be 
hung  in  chains  or  publicly  dissected,  the  bodies  of  crimi- 
nals were  invariably  given  up  to  their  friends.  Those 
who  did  not  care  what  became  of  their  inanimate  frame 
themselves  sold  the  reversion  of  their  lifeless  corpse  to 
the  surgeons,  either  to  procure  the  necessities  of  life  or 
means  of  debauchery.  The  piety  of  relatives  would  se- 
cure decent  interment  for  others.  The  proportion  of  those 
who  had  neither  friends  to  care  for  them,  or  who,  not 
caring  for  themselves,  had  made  a  profit  of  their  own 
carcasses,  would  be  but  small,  and  Jack  Ketch  would 
have  sent  their  bodies,  for  a  consideration,  to  Surgeons'- 
hall  as  freely  as  he  would  have  sold  their  clothes  in  Rag 
Fair,  rather  than  be  at  the  trouble  of  burying  them  for 
nothing. 

"  Lastly,  Mr.  Hope  did  not  say  whether  the  skeletons 
were  many  or  few — whether  they  were  interred  in  coffins 
or  not  —  whether  there  were  any  fragments  of  clothes  or 
not. 

"  I  would  suggest  that  they  were  rather  the  relics  of 
those  who  had  perished  from  plague  or  some  similar  dis- 
ease. It  is  well  known  that  there  was  a  pest-field  at 
Craven  Hill  for  those  who  had  died  of  plague;  why 
should  there  not  have  been  one  nearer  town,  at  Tyburn. 
Gate?  Were  the  bones  found  in  separate  graves  or  in 
one  hole? 

"The  proprietor  of  the  house  in  Connaught  Square 
could  throw  some  light  on  the  matter.  He  <-an  confirm 
or  destroy  the  tradition.  "  J.  W.  SLADE. 

"  60.  Trinity  Square,  S.E.,  May  9. 

"  Sir,  —  In  reference  to  a  letter  which  appeared  in  The 
Times  one  da}'  last  week  respecting  the  discovery  of 
human  remains  in  the  vicinity  of  Connaught  Place,  I  beg 
to  state,  for  the  information  of  all  whom  it  may  interest, 
that  in  1811  Dr.  Lewis,  of  Half-Moon  Street,  Piccadilly, 
was  about  to  erect  some  houses  in  Connaught  Place  (Nos. 
6.  to  12.  I  think),  and  during  the*  excavations  for  foun- 
dations a  quantity  of  human  bones  was  found,  with  parts 
of  wearing  apparel  attached  thereto. 

"  A  good  many  of  the  bones,  say  a  cart-load,  were  taken 
away  by  order  of  Dr.  Lewis,  and'buried  in  a  pit  dug  for 
the  purpose  in  Connaught  Mews. 

"  if  you  would  be  kind  enough  to  find  space  for  this  in 
a  corner  of  your  valuable  journal,  you  will  oblige 
"Yours  very  respectfully, 

"  May  14."  "  CHARLES  LANE.  ] 


LONGEVITY  IN  YORKSHIRE. 
On  the  fly-leaves  of  a  book  named  Long  Livers, 
a  curious  History  of  such  Persons  of  both  Sexes 
who  have   lived  several  Ages  and  grown  young 


2nd  S.  IX.  MAY  26.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


401 


again,  <$r.  "By  Eugenius  Philalethcs,  F.R.S., 
Author  of  the  Treatise  of  the  Plague,  London, 
8vo.  1722,  I  find  the  following  account  of  several 
old  persons  in  Yorkshire,  and  evidently  written 
by  some  person  who  had  seen  some  of  the  parties : 

"  I  remember,  when  I  learnt  at  School  in  Holderness, 
a  blind  old  woman,  going  about,  begging  there,  called 
Ursula  Chicken,  who  was  one  hundred  and  twenty  years 
old.  This  might  be  about  1718:  and  she  lived  some 
years  later. 

*•  In  the  year  1734  I  went  to  live  in  the  summer  at 
Firbeck,  within  half  a  mile  of  Roche  Abbey,  about  which 
time  there  was  a  stone  put  up  in  the  Church  yard  at  the 
head  of  the  graves  of  a  brother  and  son  buried  there, 
whose  ages  made  two  hundred  and  twenty-three  years, 
the  one  113  and  the  other  109  years  old,  and  both  of 
them  had  lived  at  Roche  Abbey  all  their  time  in  caves 
within  the  Rock. 

"  1  knew  Mr.  Philip  of  Thorner  very  well,  for  some 
years  before  he  died,  who  was  born  in  Cleveland,  in  the 
North  Riding,  towards  the  latter  end  of  Old  Jenkins'* 
time:  and  was  over  at  Thorner  when  he  had  his  picture 
taken,  at  which  time  he  was  one  hundred  and  sixteen 
years  old,  with  all  his  senses  perfect ;  and  who  only  7 
years  before,  viz.  at  109,  got  his  maid  with  child,  and 
altho'  he  did  not  live  above  a  year  after  he  had  his  pic- 
ture drawn :  yet  he  might  have  lived  for  many  years 
longer,  onlv  for  an  accident  which  took  him  off. 

"  Thomas  Rudyard,  Vicar  of  Everton  in  Bedfordshire, 
dyed  in  King  Charles's  time,  aged  one  hundred  and  forty 
years  and  upwards,  as  appears  by  the  parish  Register. 

"York,  Jan.  5,  1768. 

"  Last  week  dyed  at  Burythorpe,  near  Malton,  Francis 
Consit,  aged  one  hundred  and  fifty  years.  He  was  main- 
tained by  the  parish  above  GO  years,  and  retained  his 
senses  to* the  very  last.  This,  among  many  others,  is  an 
instance  of  the  healthy  situation  of  Malton  and  its  neigh- 
bourhood. A  few  years  ago,  there  were  three  women,  all 
of  1(10  years  of  age,  or  upwards,  who  lived  in  or  about 
Whitwell,  met  at  that  town,  and  danced  a  Yorkshire 
reel. 

"  There  was  an  old  woman  at  Sutton,  about  ten  years 
ago,  a  relation  of  your  Tenant  Bosomworths,  and  died  at 
their  house,  who  was  one  hundred  and  seven  3'ears  old, 
and  walked  as  upright  to  the  last  as  a  young  man  of 
twenty,  and  also  retained  her  senses:  and  I  have  myself 
known  several  old  people  thereabouts  of  about  an  hundred 
years  old.  Old  Robinson's  father,  at  Boltby,  lived  to  an 
hundred  and  eight,  and  he  himself  when  he  died  was 
turned  ninety -eight. 

"  There  is  now  living  at  Rouillac,  in  Condomois  in 
France,  one  John  Lasite.  who  is  in  this  present  year  17G8, 
137  years  old,  and  in  good  health,  and  all  his  senses  per- 
fect. 

"  In  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand  one  hundred 
thirty  and  nine  died  in  France  Johannes  de  Temporibus, 
who  had  lived  three  hundred  sixty  and  one  years,  and 
had  been  an  Halbardeer  to  the  Emperor  Charles  the 
Greats" 

There  is  not  any  name  appended  to  these  Notes, 
but  the  writer  appears  to  have  resided  at  York. 
EDWARD  HAILSTONE. 

Horton  Hall. 

— ^— ____ t 

*  Old  Jenkins  was  169  years  old  when  he  died:  both 
he  and  Philips  were  Cleveland  men. 


DE  QUINCEY  ON  JOHNSON.  — 

"  We  recollect  a  little  biographic  sketch  of  Dr.  John- 
son, published  immediately  after  his  death,  in  which, 
among  other  instances  of  desperate  tautology,  the  author 
quotes  the  well-known  lines  from  the  Doctor's  imitation 
of  Juvenal:  — 

"  '  Let  observation,  with  extensive  view, 

Surrey  mankind  from  China  to  Peru ; ' 
and  contends  with  some  reason  that  this  is  saying  in 
effect,  —  'Let  observation   with    extensive  observation 
survey  mankind  extensively.'"  —  De  Quincey,  Selections, 
vol.  ii.  p.  72. 

De  Quincey's  "  little  biographic  sketch"  is,  I 
fear,  apocryphal.  The  criticism  is  Coleridge's. 
See  "  Table-Talk,"  p.  340.  ed.  1851.  Unless,  in- 
deed, Coleridge  unconsciously  quoted  the  "  bio- 
graphic sketch;"  and  I  know  not  who,  at  the  time 
of  Johnson's  dea£n,  could  have  written  such  a 
criticism.  S.  C. 

HISTORY  ALWAYS  REPRODUCES  ITSELF.  —  The 
gallant  crew  of  the  Water  Lily,  to  say  nothing  of 
their  numerous  imitators  who  have  of  late  years 
astonished  the  natives  of  every  out-of-the-way 
nook  and  corner  of  Europe,  by  suddenly  appear- 
ing on  their  rivers,  sitting  on  nothing  in  particu- 
lar, and  propelling  themselves  at  a  p;ice  to  which 
that  of  the  (German)  locomotive  is  cheloriian,  are 
not  perhaps  aware  that  nearly  250  years  ago  the 
passion  for  dangerous  aquatics  was  as  great,  if  not 
greater,  than  their  own.  We  will  pass  by  the  ad- 
venturous voyages  of  Taylor  the  Water-Poet,  as 
being  more  or  less  professional  and  pecuniarily 
productive ;  but  the  following  is  so  thoroughly  in 
the  spirit  of  our  modern  Jasons  that  it  may  be 
worth  the  noting  :  — • 

"At  the  Court  of  Greenwich,  27  June,  1G19. 

"A  Passe  for  Capten  ffrancis  Connynpsbee,  Capten  of 
the  company  exercising  Armes  in  the  millitary  yard  in 
the  county  of  Middlesex,  to  Goe  to  Hamborough  in  a 
wherry  boate,  wth  one  paire  of  owers,  and  to  give  him 
leave  and  permission  to  appoint  a  sufficient  deputy  to  in- 
struct his  said  company  in  his  absence,  and  to  suffer  him 
to  take  wtb  him  two"  watermen  that  row  him,  and  a 
steersman,  wlb  necessary  provisions  not  prohibited."  — 
Register  of  Privy  Council. 

Let  us  trust  that  efficient  life-buoys  were 
amongst  the  "necessary  provisions  not  prohi- 
bited." G.  H.  KlNGSLET. 

DEVIL'S  OWN.  —  This  was  a  crack  corps  of  vo- 
lunteers, raised  at  the  end  of  the  last  century  or 
the  beginning  of  the  present.  Its  proper  name 
was  the  Temple  Association,  because  its  members 
were  all  members  of  either  the  Middle  or  the 
Inner  Temple,  and  a  supplemental  corps  ma- 
nreuvred  on  their  left,  which  consisted  of  their 
clerks.  The  uniform  was  scarlet  faced  with  Mack 
velvet.  A  year  or  two  ago  I  gave  a  coloured  en- 
graving of  a  member  of  this  corps  in  his  uniform 
to  the  Hon.  Society  of  the  Inner  Temple.  This 


402 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAY  26.  '6(\ 


corps  was  distinct  from  the  Bloomsbury  corps,  to 
which  a  great  many  members  of  the  Bar  belonged. 
In  the  Bloomsbury  corps  the  late  Mr.  Justice 
Allan  Park,  as  he  told  me  himself,  was  a  corporal, 
and  Lord  Campbell,  the  present  Lord  Chancellor, 
was  I  believe  a  private,  both  being  Benchers  of 
Lincoln's  Inn.  The  St.  Martin's  volunteers  were 
The  King's  Own,  because  King  George  III.  re- 
sided in  that  parish.  The  St.  Margaret's  volun- 
teers were  the  Queen's  Own,  because  part  of 
Buckingham  Palace  is  in  that  parish.  The  St. 
James's  volunteers  were  the  Prince's  Own,  be- 
cause the  Prince  of  Wales,  afterwards  King 
George  IV.,  lived  in  Carlton  Palace,  which  is  in 
the  parish  of  St.  James's.  And  the  Temple  Asso- 
ciation was  called  The  Devil's  Own,  because  its 
members  were  all  lawyers.  F.  A.  CARRINGTON. 
Ogbourne  St.  George. 

PROVERB. — The  subjoined  from  a  contempo- 
rary newspaper  is  worth  preserving  :  — 

"  GOOD  NAME  BETTER  THAN  A  GOLDEN  GIRDLE.  — 
The  lavish  use  of  gold  in  many  of  the  tissues  now  worn 
by  ladies  reminds  us,  says  a  Paris  journal,  that  a  decree 
of  the  Parliament  of  Paris  in  1420  forbade  the  use  of 
golden  girdles  to  women  of  loose  character,  but  they  did 
not  long  observe  the  prohibition,  and  their  costume  was 
soon  just  the  same  as  that  worn 'by  respectable  persons, 
who  were  therefore  obliged  to  abandon  the  showy  style  of 
ornament  above  mentioned.  Hence  the  proverb,  "  Bonne 
renomme'e  vaut  mieux  que  ceinture  dore'e  "  (a  good  name 
is  better  than  a  golden  girdle). 

Perhaps  some  Paris  correspondent  may  be  able 
to  verify  or  disprove  the  existence  of  the  decree 
referred  to.  T.  LAMPRAY. 

MUFFS,  A  SLANG  NAME.  —  Some  of  our  slang 
expressions  can  be  traced  back  a  good  many 
years.  I  remember  to  have  met  in  Pepys's  Diary 
with  the  expression  of  some  one's  nose  being  put 
out  of  joint.  Lately,  when  reading  the  Travels 
of  Sir  John  Reresby  in  1648,  I  was  much  amused 
at  finding  him  say  that  "  the  Low  Dutch  call  the 
High  '  Muffes,'  that  is  etourdi  as  the  French  have 
it,  or  blockhead."  ('Vixere  fortes  ante  Aga- 
memnona."  There  were  "  muffs "  before  ;  but 
perhaps  we  had  better  not  particularise. 

H.  V.  T. 


BUFFON  AND  MADAME  DE  SEVIGNE. —  Might  I 
be  allowed  to  call  the  earnest  attention  of  the 
numerous  readers  of  "N.  &  Q."  to  the  following 
account  ?  — 

M.  Nadault  de  Buffon,  great  grand-nephew  of 
the  French  naturalist,  has  just  published  in  two 
octavo  volumes  the  correspondence  left  by  his 
illustrious  relative.  This  interesting  work,  in- 
cluding all  the  letters  collected  by  previous  edi- 
tors, has  met  with  the  greatest  success,  and  the 
first  impression  is  now  nearly  out  of  print.  I  was 


fortunate  enough  to  send  to  M.  Nadault  de  Buffon 
the  copy  of  several  letters  preserved  in  the  British 
Museum ;  but  it  strikes  me  that  there  must  still 
exist,  scattered  throughout  various  private  and 
public  collections,  many  more  documents  of  the 
same  character.  Buffon,  as  every  body  knows, 
was  on  terms  of  intimacy  with  the  Duke  of  King- 
ston ;  he  had  been  elected,  besides,  a  Fellow  of 
the  Royal  Society,  and  accordingly  could  not  but 
reckon  amongst  his  correspondents  a  good  num- 
ber of  English  savants.  Now  if  this  paragraph 
should  fall  under  the  notice  of  persons,  either 
possessing  MS.  letters  of  Buffon,  or  able  to  give 
me  information  respecting  any  such,  I  shall  be 
extremely  obliged  if  they  will  by  their  kind  com- 
munications assist  me  in  rendering  as  complete  as 
possible  the  second  edition  of  the  work  I  am  now 
alluding  to. 

Messrs.  Hachette,  the  publishers  of  Buffon's 
Correspondence,  are  also  preparing  a  splendid  edi- 
tion of  Madame  de  Sevigne's  Letters.  In  this 
case,  too,  I  venture  upon  an  appeal  to  the  lovers 
of  literature.  The  loan  of  a  MS.  letter,  or  the 
smallest  bibliographical  particular  respecting  the 
fair  epistolographer,  will  be  highly  valued  and  duly 
acknowledged  by  GUSTAVE  MASSON. 

Harrow-on-the-Hill. 

THE  WEAPON  ANGOL,  OR  ANGUL.  —  It  is  sug- 
gested by  Kemble  and  Lappenburg  that  the  name 
of  the  nation  of  the  Angles  may  have  been  de- 
rived from  Angol,  or  Angul,  signifying  a  weapon. 
Can  any  of  your  readers  give  me  a  description  of 
the  form  or  shape  of  such  weapon  ? 

HENRY  INGLEDEW, 

Newcastle-upon-Tyne. 

DAVID  ANDERSON.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
give  me  any  biographical  particulars  regarding 
David  Anderson,  a  Scottish  poet,  who  is  author 
of  a  play  on  the  subject  of  Sir  W.  Wallace,  pub- 
lished about  1821.  A  poem  having  the  title  of 
Fergus  //.,  or  the  Battle  of  Carron,  by  D.  Ander- 
son, was  published  in  1810.  Probably  by  the 
same  author.  X. 

SIR  THOMAS  TASBOROWE.  —  Of  what  family  was 
Sir  Thomas  Tasborowe,  one  of  the  Tellers  of  the 
Exchequer  in  1601  ?  Any  particulars  relative  to 
him  will  be  welcome  to  T.  HUGHES. 

Chester. 

BRITAIN  1116  B.C.  —  In  the  Chronicle  of  Eng- 
land, by  John  Capgrave,  recently  published  by 
the  Rolls  Commission,  appears  at  p.  37.  the  fol- 
lowing :  — 

"  At  the  time  of  the  death  of  Eli,  the  priest  of  the 
Tabernacle,  Brute,  that  was  of  Eneas  [of  Troy]  King, 
came  into  this  land,  and  called  it  Britayn,  after  his  name. 
When  he  died,  he  divided  his  kingdom  to  his  three  sons. 
The  first  named  Leogirus;  and  to  him  he  gave  the  land 
from  Dover  unto  Hurnber.  The  second  son  named  Alba- 
nactus ;  and  to  him  gave  he  all  Scotland  unto  Humber. 


d  S.  IX.  MAY  2G.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


403 


The  third  son  named  Camber;  and  to  him  gave  he  all 
Walts.  The  first  country  was  called  in  those  days  Loe- 
gria.  The  second,  Albania.  The  third,  Cambria." 

Is  there  any  other  historical  evidence  of  these 
statements,  or  any  account  of  their  successors  ? 
It  is  an  interesting  inquiry,  and  may  be  explained 
by  others.  «L  G. 

"  ROBIN  FLETCHER  AND  THE  SWEET  ROODE  or 
CHESTER."—  Can  you  expound  to  me  the  mystery 
of  the  following  expression  in  Gascoigne's  Glasse 
of  Government  f  It  certainly  hath  a  tale  ap- 
pended. 

"  So  so.  They  are  as  much  a  kynne  to  the  Markgraue 
as  Robyn  Fletcher  and  the  sweet  roode  of  Chester." 

G.  H.  K. 

DESCRIPTIVE  CATALOGUE.  —  Can  you  refer  me 
to  any  books  or  papers  on  the  art  of  forming  a 
descriptive  catalogue  of  a  library  ?  G.  PL  K. 

SINGER'S  REPRINTS.  —  I  have  picked  up  a  few 
numbers  or  volumes  of  a  Series  of  Select  English 
Poets,  printed  at  the  "Chiswick  Press,"  with 
Prefaces  signed  S.  W.  S.  (which  I  take  to  be  the 
late  Mr.  Singer).  How  many  were  published, 
and  what  constitutes  a  complete  set  ?  S.  WMSON. 

FACETIA.  —  Can  any  of  your  correspondents 
say  when  and  how  the  words  facetia  and  facetious 
were  first  used  as  a  bibliographical  term  to  denote 
books  or  prints  of  a  certain  description  ?  Al- 
though the  use  has  become  more  common  of  late 
years,  I  trace  it  back  over  a  century.  ANON. 

COACH  AND  HORSES. — At  Merrion,  co.  Dublin, 
there  is  a  "  wayside  hostelry,"  called  the  "Coach 
and  Horses,"  and  on  the  front  of  the  house  is 
nailed  a  "  sign "  representing  a  mail  coach,  &c., 
&c.,  with  a  landscape  in  the  background.  It  is 
known  that  this  sign  has  been  up  for  forty  years, 
also  that  it  has  not  been  repainted  for  at  least 
thirty ;  still,  though  exposed  to  the  weather  and 
sea  breeze  (the  house  is  not  150  yards  from  the 
sea)  for  so  long  a  time,  it  is  still  in  remarkably 
good  preservation,  though  evidently  beginning  to 
show  symptoms  of  decay.  As  it  appears  to  have 
been  executed  by  an  artist  far  above  the  ordinary 
sign-painter,  and  though  recollected  for  forty 
years  may  be  still  older,  it  might  be  worth  some 
resident's  while  to  have  it  secured  from  farther 
decay,  and  to  have  its  history  investigated.  Per- 
haps ABHBA  might  do  something  in  the  matter. 

CYWRM. 

Porth-yr-Aur,  Carnarvon. 

RUTHERFORD  FAMILY.  —  I  shall  feel  much 
obliged  if  any  of  your  correspondents  could  re- 
fer me  to  a  pedigree  of  the  Rutherford  family. 

ALPHA. 

PENCIL  WRITING. — When  were  black-lead  or 
other  such  like  material  first  used  in  writing  P 

S.B. 


"  GR.":  "  SAMMLUNG." — Some  prints  in  my  col- 
lection, which  I  purchased  at  Brussels,  have  a 
stamp  upon  the  back,  of  which  I  should  be  glad  to 
know  the  meaning.  Within  a  circular  line  rather 
larger  than  a  shilling  are  the  letters  "  GR,"  with 
a  coronet  above  them,  and  "  Sammlung  "  below, 
denoting  from  whose  sammlung  or  collection  they 
came.  N.  J.  A. 

MARTHA  GUNN.  —  I  have  a  portrait  of  Martha 
Gunn,  the  Brighton  Bather,  engraved  by  W. 
Nutter,  dated  June  1st,  1797,  and  dedicated  to 
the  Prince  of  Wales.  She  is  represented  as 
bathing  an  infant,  whose  countenance  looks  like 
a  portrait  also.  Will  some  of  the  correspond- 
ents of  "  N.  &  Q."  be  so  kind  as  to  inform  me  if 
this  be  the  case,  and  if  so,  of  whom  ?  Any  par- 
ticulars of  Martha  Gunn  herself  would  also  be 
acceptable  to  N.  J.  A. 

LAUREL  BERRIES. — I  have  lieard  that  in  York- 
shire the  berries  of  the  laurel  are  commonly  made 
into  fruit  tarts,  and  eaten  without  injury.  This 
year  promises  a  very  great  supply  of  laurel  ber- 
ries. Any  information  on  this  subject  will  much 
oblige  IRELAND. 

FELLOWES'  "  VISIT  TO  THE  MONASTERY  OF 
LA  TRAPPE." — In  Messrs.  Willis  and  Sptheran's 
Catalogue  of  Books  for  April,  the  following  entry 
appears  :  — 

"343  FELLOWES'  Visit  to  the  Monastery  of  La 
Trappe,  with  Notes  of  a  Tour  in  Le  Perche,  Nor- 
mandy, Bretagne,  Poitou,  Anjou,  &c.,  coloured  en- 
gravings, LARGE  PAPER,  impl.  8vo.  morocco,  gilt  leaves, 
10s.  6d.  1818. 

" '  Was  not  the  principal  incentive  to  this  Journey 
to  ascertain  the  fate  of  a  Noble  fanatic  who  left  the 
Church  of  his  Fathers  for  the  "PAPAL  DIADEM,"  but 
being  foiled,  in  despair  buried  himself  in  the  Monastery 
of  La  Trappe,  the  late  llev.  Sir  H.  T  ....  y,  Bart,  of 
T.  .  .  .0  .  .  .11? '"-MS.  NOTE. 

To  whom  is  reference  made  in  the  foregoing  ? 
and  upon  what  grounds  ?  ABHBA. 

CELTIC  SURNAMES. — I  shall  be  glad  of  a  refer- 
ence to  any  works  on  Gaelic  and  Irish  surnames. 

F.  S.  D. 

QUAKERS  DESCRIBED. — In  the  current  number 
of  the  North  British  Review  I  read  the  fol- 
lowing :  — 

"  A  writer  who  fortunately  is  not  now  so  popular  aa  he 
was  formerly,  has  said  with  bitter  pungency,  «  The  Qua- 
kers pursue  the  getting  of  money  with  a  grace  as  steady 
as  time,  and  an  appetite  as  keen  as  death.' " 

Who  is  the  writer  thus  quoted  ? 

A  CONSTANT  READER. 

HYMN  ON  PRAYER. — Would  some  of  your 
readers  inform  me  who  wrote  the  Hymn  on 
Prayer,  commencing  — 

"  Go  where  the  morning  shineth, 
Go  where  the  moon  is  bright." 

A.  R.  S. 


404 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  MAY  26.  '60. 


LA,  CHASSE  DTJ  SANGLIER  IN  FRANCE. — Three 
summers  ago,  when  at  Brighton,  I  went  to  Craik's 
Baths  to  take  a  tepid  sea-bath,  and  while  it  was 
preparing  I  was  shown  into  a  waiting-room,  the 
•walls  of  which  were  decorated  by  painted  figures 
of  the  naturnl  size,  representing  what  from  a  cur- 
sory view  I  considered  to  be  what  in  English 
phraseology  we  term  a  "  Meet"  for  la  Chateaux 
chiens  court/nit  of  the  Wild  Boar  at  Fontainebleau, 
and  there  was  a  full  equipage  de  chasse  in  attend- 
ance. From  the  dresses  of  the  persons  present 
at  this  rendezvous  de  chasse,  I  could  not  decide 
the  epoch  when  it  must  have  taken  place.  It 
might  have  been  towards  the  close  of  the  reign  of 
Louis  XVI.,  or  during  the  time  of  the  Conven- 
tion, or  during  the  transition  period  between 
these  two  points.  Altogether  it  appeared  to  me 
very  curious  and  interesting,  and  well  executed  : 
and  if  any  reader  .of  "N.  &  Q."  can  favour  me 
with  its  history  and  other  particulars,  I  shall  feel 
obliged  to  him.  From  inquiry  I  find  it  is  now 
being  demolished  to  make  room  for  improvements 
or  alterations ;  but  I  trust  drawings  or  some 
means  have  been  taken  to  preserve  a  representa- 
tion of  it.  2.  2. 

EEV.  GEORGE  OLIVER,  D.D.  —  Can  you  inform 
me  where  I  can  procure  a  list  of  the  works  that 
have  been  published  by  the  Rev.  George  Oliver, 
D.D.,  of  Exeter,  with  their  dates,  in  addition  to 
his  Monasticon  f  Also,  has  any  portrait  of  him 
ever  been  published  ?  *  G.  H.  P. 


SAMUEL  DANIEL.  —  The  inscription  forwarded 
by  E.  D.  (2"d  S.  ix.  286.)  corresponds  exactly 
with  a  copy  taken  from  the  tablet  and  forwarded 
to  me  by  the  rector  of  Beckington,  so  that  there 
can  be  no  question  as  to  its  correctness.  Let  rne 
add  my  entreaties  to  those  of  E.  D.,  and  ask  MR. 
ROBINSON  (ante,  p.  152.)  to  strain  his  memory  to 
the  utmost  for  the  sake  of 

"  Honey-sweet  Daniel." 

Can  you  point  out  to  me  a  really  good  life  of 
him  ?  As  yet  I  have  not  been  fortunate  enough  to 
meet  with  one  anything  like  perfect.  G.  H.  K. 

[We  are  not  able  at  present  to  point  out  a  better  ac- 
count of  Samuel  Daniel  than  the  one  furnished  by  Kippis 
in  the  Hiographia  Britannica.  Mr.  Headley  in  the  bio- 
graphical sketches  prefixed  to  his  Select  Beauties  of  An- 
cient English  Poetry  has  given  an.  accurate  estimate  of 
Daniel's  poetical  character.] 

DATE  OF  THE  CRUCIFIXION. —  Has  anyone  en- 
deavoured to  fix  the  exact  date  of  the  Crucifixion, 
so  as  to  be  able  to  say  on  this  —  of  —  was  com- 
pleted that  stupendous  sacrifice,  1 860  [1 827-1 831  ?] 

[*  The  titles  of  many  of  Dr.  Oliver's  works  will  be 
found  in  Davidson's  Bibliotheca  Devonicnsis. — ED.] 


years  ago  ?  How  much  the  solemn  feelings  proper 
to  the  season  would  be  heightened  if  on  any  year 
"  Good  Friday  "  actually  corresponded  with  the 
day. 

The  date  of  the  Crucifixion  being  fixed,  that 
of  Ascension  Day,  and  of  the  descent  of  the  Holy 
Spirit  and  Gift  of  Tongues  could  also,  I  suppose, 
be  easily  fixed.  CYWKM. 

Porthyr  Aur,  Carnarvon. 

[Clinton  (Fasti  Romani)  is  of  opinion  that  the  cruci- 
fixion "  may  be  probably  assigned  to  Friday,  April  15  " 
(ii.  243).  About  this  there  is  and  must  be  some  un- 
certainty. There  appears,  however,  to  be  little  room  for 
doubting  that  Our  Saviour  died  at  the  time  of  the  slaying 
of  the  Paschal  Lamb.  "It  came  to  pass  that  Jesus  ex- 
pired upon  the  cross  on  the  day  and  in  the  hour  at  which 
the  Paschal  Lamb  was  appointed  to  be  slaiu"  (Clinton, 
ii.  240).  And  again,  "About  the  same  hour  of  the  day 
when  the  Paschal  Lamb  was  offered  in  the  Temple,  did 
Christ  die  on  Calvary."  (Kitto,  Cyclo,,  Isote  on  "Pass- 
over."] 

REBELLION  OF  1715.  —  Some  friend  of  "  N".  & 
Q."  will  perhaps  be  kind  enough  to  let  me  know 
where  I  can  find  a  list  of  the  names  of  the  rebels 
taken  at  Preston  in  1715,  as  well  also  whether 
there  be  any  printed  or  written  account  of  the 
trials  of  Dalton,  Tyldesley,  Muncaster,  Wads- 
worth,  Leybourne,  &c  ?  Any  information  will  be 
kindly  received,  as  I  am  publishing  notes  on  the 
Diary  of  Thomas  Tyldesley,  the  father  of  Edward, 
who  was  engaged  in  the  above  affair. 

W.  THORNBER. 

Blackport. 

[A  list  of  the  rebels  taken  at  Preston  will  be  found  in 
Robert  Patten's  History  of  the  late  Rebellion,  8vo.  1717. 
At  p.  137.  he  states  that  "  Edward  Tildesley  of  the  Lodge, 
a  papist,  Lancashire,  was  acquitted  by  the  jury  at  the 
Marshalsea,  though  it  is  proved  he  had  a  troop,  and 
entered  Preston  at  the  head  of  it  with  his  sword  drawn; 
but  his  sword  had  a  silver  handle."  Another  «•  list  of 
the  noblemen  and  gentlemen  taken  at  Preston,"  is  printed 
in  A  Compleat  History  of  the  late  Rebellion,  p.  75.,  8vo. 
1716.  Consult  also  Baines's  History  of  Lancashire,  iv. 
323-327.  The  trials  of  the  prisoners  at  Liverpool  com- 
menced on  Jan.  20, 1716,  and  lasted  till  Feb.  8. ;  but  no 
report  appears  to  have  been  published.] 

RIFLING. — A  letter  from  the  Common  Serjeant 
of  London  to  Sir  W.  Cecil,  dated  1569,  Sept.  4, 
speaks  of  the  fraudulent  game  called  Rifling. 
What  was  this  ?  ABRACADABRA. 

[A  game  with  dice.  "Plus  de  points.  A  rifling,  or  a 
kind  of  game  wherein  he  that  in  casting  doth  throw  most 
on  the  dvce,  takes  up  all  the  monye  that  is  layd  down." 
Nomenclator,  quoted  in  Nares's  Glossary,  edit.  1859.] 

ETYMOLOGY  OF  RIFLE. — What  is  the  etymology 
of  the  word  rifle  ?  I  have  heard  one  given,  but 
cannot  recall  it.  The  dictionaries  throw  no  light 
upon  the  subject.  NICJEENSIS. 

[From  the  German  reifeln,  to  flute,  to  furnish  with 
small  grooves  or  channels.] 

B.  HUYDECOPER. — Can  anyone  conversant  with 
Dutch  literature  oblige  me  with  the  title  of  a 


2««  S.  IX.  MAY  26.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


405 


work  on  the  difficulties  of  the  Dutch  language  by 
Huydecoper,  published  about  the  end  of  the  last 
century.  F. 

[We  find  no  record  of  any  original  work  by  Huyde- 
coper  answering  this  description.  He  published,  how- 
ever, at  Leydfin,  in  3  volumes  4to.  1772.  an  edition  of 
Melis  Stokes'  Rijmkrcmijk,  which  is  probably  the  work  for 
which  our  correspondent  makes  inquiry.  This  edition  not 
onlv  offers  a  full  explanation  of  the  old  "Kronijk,"  but 
affords  a  valuable  introduction  to  the  Dutch  language: 
"die  grttndlichste  Anleitung  znm  tiefern  Eindringen  in 
den  Geist  der  hollfcndischen  Sprache."  —  Allg.  Encyk.'] 


JUDGES'  BLACK  CAP. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  132.) 

This  cap  is  called  "  The  Judgment  Cap,"  and  is 
assumed  on  very  solemn  occasions,  of  which  the 
passing  of  sentence  of  death  is  one. 

When,  on  the  9th  of  November,  the  Lord 
Mayor  is  presented  in  the  Court  of  Exchequer 
by  the  Recorder,  as  soon  as  the  Lord  Mayor 
comes  into  the  court,  all  the  four  learned  barons 
put  on  their  black  caps,  and  keep  them  on  all  the 
time  the  Lord  Mayor  stays.  The  Lord  Mayor, 
when  he  has  advanced  to  the  bar  of  the  court, 
puts  on  his  triangular,  feathered,  edged  hat,  and 
the  Recorder  presents  him  in  a  highly  compli- 
mentary speech,  which,  having  been  replied  to  by 
the  Lord  Chief  Baron  in  an  address  equally  com- 
plimentary, the  civic  procession  departs. 

Before  the  abolition  of  fines  and  recoveries,  re- 
coveries were  sometimes  suffered  (as  it  was  called) 
at  the  bar  of  the  Common  Pleas.  I  was  once  pre- 
sent when  this  occurred,  about  Ithirty-five  years 
ago.  In  the  middle  of  the  day  the  business  was 
suddenly  stopped,  and  the  door  at  the  back  of 
the  seats  occupied  by  the  learned  Serjeants  was 
opened,  and  the  middle  of  the  seats  turned  up  to 
allow  a  passage  to  the  bar  of  the  court.  The 
judges  all  put  on  their  black  caps,  and  all  the 
Serjeants  rose.  Mr.  Boodle,  the  eminent  convey- 
ancer, and  his  son  Mr.  Boodle  the  barrister,  ad- 
vanced to  the  bar  with  three  bows  ;  the  latter 
not  being  robed  as  barristers  did  not  then  plead 
in  that  court.  The  following  dialogue  then  oc- 
curred :  — 

"  Mr.  Serjeant  Vaughan.  John  Thomas,  Esq.,  complains 
of  Edward  Boodle  the  elder,  Esq.,  and  Edward  Boodle  the 
younger,  Esq.,  for  that  they  have  disseised  him  of  100 
messuages,  100  gardens,  10,000  acres  of  land  (enumer- 
ating an  immense  property  situated  in  a  great  number  of 
places),  which  they  have  after  Hugh  Hunt  (an  ima- 
ginary person),  and  he  prays  judgment. 

"Mr.  Serjeant  Pell.  Edward  Boodle  the  elder,  Esq., 
and  Edward  Boodle  the  younger,  Esq.,  come  in  their 
own  proper  persons,  and  defend  the  force  and  injury,  and 
vouch  to  warranty  George  Earl  of  Winchelsea,  and"  pray 
that  the  demandant  may  count  against  him. 

"3/r.  Serjeant  Vaughan.  The  like,  changing  what 
ought  to  be  changed. 


"Mr.  Serjeant  Taddy.  George  Earl  of  Winchelsea 
comes  and  defends  the  force  and  injury,  and  vouches  to 
warranty  the  common  vouchee  (an  officer  of  the  court), 
and  prays  that  the  demandant  may  count  against  him. 

"  Lord  Chief  Justice  Best.  Brother  Taddy,  you  should 
not  call  him  common  vouchee,  but  call  him"  by  his  proper 
name. 

"  Mr.  Serjeant  Taddy.  George  Humphrys,  my  lord. 

" Mr.  Serjeant  Vaughan.  The  like,  changing  what  ought 
to  be  changed. 

"Mr.  Serjeant  D'Oyly.  George  Humphrys  craves  leave 
to  imparl. 

"Lord  Chief  Jtistice  Best.  Let  it  be  so." 

The  Messrs.  Boodle  than  retired  from  the  bar 
with  three  bows,  which  were  acknowledged  by  the 
judges,  who  took  off  their  black  caps,  and  the 
ordinary  business  of  the  court  was  resumed. 

The  object  of  this  ceremonial  probably  was  to 
resettle  some  estates  on  the  marriage  of  some 
member  of  the  nobleman's  family  who  is  here 
mentioned. 

I  strongly  incline  to  think  that  the  use  of  the 
judgment  cap  was  not  restricted  to  the  judges,  as 
at  the  last  of  Her  Majesty's  levees  in  1859  I  saw 
Mr.  Serjeant  Payne  carrying  a  cap  of  this  kind  in 
his  hand;  and  the  "learned  and  judicious*'  Hooker, 
who  was  a  clergyman,  is  represented  on  his  monu- 
ment as  wearing  one  of  these  caps. 

F.  A.  CABRINGTON. 

Ogbourne  St.  George, 


CARNIVAL  AT  MILAN. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  197.312.) 

The  answers  of  your  correspondents  require,  I 
think,  a  little  rectification.  MB.  BUCKTON  omits 
to  notice  the  manner  in  which  the  Milanese, 
down  to  St.  Ambrose's  time,  supplied  the  full 
number  of  thirty-six  fasting  days,  in  consequence 
of  the  Saturdays  during  Quadragesima  being  ex- 
empt from  the  fast.  It  is  to  be  remarked  that 
considerable  difference  prevailed  in  the  various 
portions  of  Christendom  as  to  the  number  of 
fasting  days  during  Quadragesima  proper.  This, 
beginning  with  the  first  Sunday  of  Lent,  con- 
tained of  course  forty-two  days,  which,  as  St. 
Ambrose  observes,  corresponded  with  the  forty- 
two  stations  of  the  Israelites  between  Egypt  and 
the  promised  land.  This,  however,  indicated  the 
season  only,  not  the  number  of  fasting  days.  The 
Sundays  were  universally  excepted  from  the  fast, 
though  not  from  abstinence  from  fie.sh  meat ;  and 
thus  the  number  of  fasting  days  was  reduced  to 
thirty-six,  which,  as  St.  Gregory  remarks,  was 
the  tithe  of  the  year.  The  Oriental  church  de- 
ducted the  Saturdays  also ;  and  to  this  custom  the 
primitive  church  of  Milan  adhered,  differing  in 
this  respect  from  the  quadragesimal  observance  at 
Rome.  In  order,  however,  to  pay  the  full  tithe  — 
a  fast  of  thirty- six  days  —  the  Greeks  consecrated 
seven,  instead  of  six  weeks,  to  the  penitential  ob- 


406 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAY  26.  '60. 


servance,  beginning  from  Quinquagesima  Sunday. 
This  also  the  church  of  Milan  adopted.  Seven 
weeks,  however,  containing  each  five  fasting  days 
will  give  only  the  number  thirty-five.  This  was 
raised  to  thirty- six  by  the  last  Saturday,  the  eve 
of  the  grand  festival  of  our  Lord's  resurrection, 
being  observed  as  a  fast.  Thus  was  paid  the  an- 
nual tithe  of  penitential  sacrifice.  I  could  quote 
various  authorities  for  these  statements,  but 
Martene,  I  suppose,  will  be  accepted  as  suffi- 
cient :  — 

"Tempore  tamen  S.  Atnbrosii  Ecclesia  Mediolanensis 
quadragesimam  non  a  sexta,  sed  h  septima  ante  pascha- 
tis  festum  DoniinicS,  observare  solebat,  quippe  ex  illis 
erat,  quae  praeter  Dominicos  dies,  etiara  Sabbato  jejunium 
subtrahebat,  ut  constat  ex  S.  Ambrosii  libro  de  Elia  et 
jejunio.  cap.  10."  (De  Antiquis  Ecclesia  Ritibus,  lib.  IV. 
cap.  18.  sect.  5.). 

And  again  as  to  the  Greek  church  :  — 

"  Graeci  ab  initio  septem  hebdomadas"  jejunio  conse- 
crarunt ;  octavara  deinde  addiderunt,  quam  carnis-privii 
appellare  sclent,  eo  quod  a  solis  carnibus  in  e&  abstineant, 
permisso  casei  et  lacticiniorum  usu,  per  totam  deinceps 
quadragesimam  inhibito."  (Ibid,  sect,  8.) 

Some  of  the  ancient  Greeks  excepted  also  the 
Thursdays  as  well  as  the  Saturdays  and  Sundays, 
and  in  that  case  commenced  the  quadragesimal  fast 
from  Septuagesima.  (Ratramnus,  lib.  iv.,  con.Grce- 
cos,  cap.  4.)  See  also  on  this  subject  Baronius 
and  Spondanus,  ad  annum  Ivii. 

This  being  so,  I  cannot  agree  with  MR.  BUCK- 
TON  in  the  assertion  that  the  present  "  practice  at 
Milan  is  of  far  greater  antiquity  than  that  of 
Rome."  And  although  that  diocese  does  not  con- 
form to  the  present  discipline  of  the  church  by 
commencing  the  fast  on  Ash- Wednesday,  yet,  as 
Ferraris  informs  us  (in  v.  Quadragesima),  it  makes 
up  for  it  by  observing  the  Rogation  days,  not 
merely  as  days  of  abstinence  from  flesh  meat, 
like  the  rest  of  the  church,  but  as  fasting  days 
also.  The  fast  consists  in  taking  one  meal  only, 
as  well  as  abstaining  from  flesh  meat.  I  mention 
this  because  many  Protestants  are  not  aware  of 
the  distinction. 

There  grew  up,  however,  in  the  church  a  de- 
sire of  imitating  our  Blessed  Lord  in  the  exact 
number  of  actual  fasting  days,  i.  e.  forty,  by  add- 
ing to  the  thirty-six  four  in  the  week  preceding 
Quadragesima  Sunday.  When  did  this  become 
the  law  of  the  church,  and  by  whom  instituted  ? 
Not  by  Gregory  the  Great,  as  your  correspondent 
W.  C.  alleges :  that  opinion  is  quite  exploded. 
Neither  was  it  by  Gregory  II.  as  MR.  BUCKTON 
affirms.  Both  these  mistakes  originated  in  a  mis- 
understood passage  in  Gratian.  Benedict  XIV. 
will  be  acknowledged  a  high  authority  on  a  sub- 
ject like  this.  He  discusses  this  question  in  his 
learned  work,  De  Synodo  Diwcesana,  lib.  xi.  cap. 
1.,  from  which  I  thus  quote:  — 

"Quo  verb  tempore,  et  quo  auctore  id  factum  fuerit, 
difficile  est  definire," 


After  dismissing  various  statements  as  unten- 
able, among  the  rest  those  above  alluded  to,  he 
comes  to  the  following  conclusion  :  — 

"In  tanta  itaque  reruni  obscuritate,  et  auctorum  dis- 
erepantia,  illud  videtur  affirmandum,  quod  opinantur 
citatus  Natalis  Alexander,  et  Thomassinus,  tract,  de  jeju- 
nio, part  II.  cap.  2.,  nirairum  coepisse  prius  nonnullos 
fideles,  ex  singular!  quadam  pietate,  quatuor  dies,  Domi- 
nicae  Quadragesima?  prsevios,  antepaschali  jejunio  adji- 
cere ;  eorumque  morem,  ab  universa  Ecclesia  Latina  pau- 
latim  receptum,  vim  et  robur  legis  tandem  obtinuisse; 
quam  posted  in  Concilio  Beneventano,  anni  1091,  firmavit 
Urbanus  II.,  Can.  IV.,  '  Nullus  omninb  laicus,  post  diem 
Cineris  et  cilicii  qui  caput  jejunii  dicitur,  carnibus  vesci 
audeat.' " 

The  laity  only  are  here  mentioned,  because  the 
clergy,  from  a  remote  period,  had  been  accustomed 
to  begin  their  fast  from  Quinquagesima.  This 
was  confirmed  and  enforced  upon  them  by  the 
Council  of  Clermont,  as  may  be  seen  in  Matthew 
Paris,  ad  an.  1095,  and  in  Hardouin's  Coll.,  torn, 
vi.  part  n.  The  canon  runs  thus  :  — 

"Nemo  laicorum  a  capite  jejunii,  nemo  Clericorum  a 
Quinquagesima  usque  in  Pascha  carnes  comedat." 

JOHN  WILLIAMS. 

Arno's  Court. 


TART  HALL. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  282.) 

Not  far  from  the  present  Buckingham  Gate 
stood  Tart  Hall  and  the  Mulberry  Garden  ;  the 
latter  being  planted  in  1609,  by  order  of  James 
the  First,  with  the  view  of  producing  silk  in  Eng- 
land. To  carry  out  this  object,  he  caused  several 
ship-loads  of  mulberry-trees  to  be  imported  from 
France ;  and  in  1629,  we  find  a  grant  made 
to  Walter  Lord  Aston,  appointing  him  to  the 
"  custody  of  the  garden,  mulberry  trees,  and  silk- 
worms, near  St.  James's,  in  the  County  of  Mid- 
dlesex." The  speculation  proving  a  failure,  the 
Mulberry  Garden,  within  a  few  years,  was  con- 
verted into  a  place  of  fashionable  amusement. 

John  Evelyn  says,  under  the  date  May  11, 
1654:  — 

"  My  Lady  Gerrard  treated  me  at  Mulberry  Garden, 
now  the  onfy  place  of  refreshment  about  the  town  for 
persons  of  the  best  quality  to  be  exceedingly  cheated  at ; 
Cromwell  and  his  partisans  having  shut  up  and  seized 
on  Spring  Garden,  which,  till  now,  had  been  the  usual 
rendezvous  for  the  ladies  and  gallants  at  this  season." 

To  which  passage  the  following  note  is  added 
in  the  last  edition  of  Evelyn's  Diary  (1850,  vol.  i. 
p.  288.):  — 

"  Buckingham  House  (now  the  Royal  Palace),  was 
built  on  the  site  of  these  gardens  [i.  e.  the  Mulberry 
Garden]:  see  Dr.  King,  iii.  73.  ed.  1776;  Malcolm's 
Londinium  Redivivum,  iv.  263. ;  but  the  latter  afterwards, 
p.  327.,  says  that  the  piece  of  ground  called  the  Mul- 
berry Garden  was  granted  by  Charles  II.  in  1672  to 
Henry  Earl  of  Arlington  ;  in  that  case  it  would  be  what 
is  now  called  Arlington  Street,  unless  it  extended  up  to 
the  Royal  Palace." 


IX.  MAY  26.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEE1ES, 


407 


If  the  writer  of  this  note  had  turned  over 
another  page  of  Malcolm's  book,  he  would  have 
read  that  — 

"  Arlington  Gardens  [z.  e.  the  Mulberry  Garden]  com- 
prised the  ground  now  occupied  by  Arlington  Street, 
part  of  the  Green  Park,  and  part  of  St.  James's  Park, 
Arlington  House  standing  where  the  Queen's  house  now 
does." 

The  Mulberry  Garden,  according  to  Malone, 
was  the  favourite  resort  of  the  immortal  Dryden, 
where  he  used  to  eat  mulberry  tarts  with  his  mis- 
tress, Mrs.  Anne  Reeve. 

"  Nor  he,  whose  essence,  wit,  and  taste,  approved, 
Forget  the  mulberry -tarts  which  Dr}-den  loved." 

Pursuits  of  Literature. 

Tart  Hall  stood  opposite  to  the  Park,  on  the 
ground  between  Buckingham  Palace  and  the  com- 
mencement of  the  houses  in  James  Street.  It 
was  built  (the  new  part  at  least)  by  Nicholas 
Stone,  the  sculptor,  in  1638,  for  Alathea,  Countess 
of  Arundel,  probably  as  a  summer  residence. 

I  believe  that  it  was  named  Tart  Hall  from  its 
proximity  to  the  Mulberry  Garden,  which,  as  we 
have  seen,  was  famous  for  its  tarts.  It  is  so  called 
in  the  inventory  of  "  household  stuffs,"  &c.  taken 
in  1641  (Harl.  MS.  No.  6272)  ;  in  Algernon  Syd- 
ney's Letters  to  Henry  Savile;  in  several  docu- 
ments in  the  State  Paper  Office,  &c. 

Lord  Goring  had  a  house  m  the  Mulberry 
Garden  in  1632;  and  probably  Tart  Hall  was 
similarly  situated.  Cunningham  says  — 

"  Goring  House  and  garden  could  only  have  occupied  a 
comparatively  small  portion  of  King  James's  Mulberry 
Garden,  for  the  place  of  amusement  of  that  name  existed 
many  years  earlier." 

The  destruction  of  these  gardens  is  thus  noticed 
in  Dr.  King's  Art  of  Cookery,  1709  :  — 

"  The  fate  of  things  lies  always  in  the  dark ; 
What  Cavalier  would  know  St.  James's  Park? 
For  Locket's  stands  where  gardens  once  did  spring, 
And  wild  ducks  quack  where  grasshoppers  did  sing ; 
A  princely  palace  on  that  space  does  rise 
Where  Sedley's  noble  muse  found  Mulberries." 

Mr.  J.  H.  Jesse,  who  quotes  these  lines  in  his 
Literary  and  Historical  Memoirs  of  London  (i. 
208.),  makes  a  strange  mistake  concerning  them. 
He  says  — 

"  The  '  princely  palace'  alluded  to  in  Dr.  King's  verses 
was  doubtless  Tart  Hall !  " 

It  was,  of  course,  Buckingham  House,  erected 
in  1703.  EDWARD  F.  RIMBAULT. 


ALLEGED  INTERPOLATIONS  IN  THE 
"TE  DEUM." 

(2n«  S.  viii.  352. ;  ix.  31.  265.  367.) 

I  cannot  agree  with  your  various  correspon- 
dents that  the  three  verses  are  "offending," 
"  inappropriate,"  or  even  "  interpolated."  I  see 
no  reason  to  suppose  that  the  Te  Deum  was  in- 


tended at  any  time  to  be  addressed  to  the  Second 
Person  of  the  Blessed  Trinity  exclusively.  The 
origin  of  this  noble  hymn  is,  and  I  fear  ever  will 
be,  utterly  obscure  and  uncertain.  Some  critics 
unhesitatingly  adopt  the  usual  tradition  of  its 
having  been"  composed  by  Saints  Ambrose  and 
Augustin ;  while  others  reject  this,  as  entitled  to 
little  or  no  credit.  But  this  is,  after  all,  of  little 
consequence  to  our  argument.  Let  us  consider 
the  positions  which  A.  H.  W.  complains  have  not 
been  answered.  (1.)  That  "Te  Deum  laudamus" 
signifies  "  We  praise  Thee  as  God,"  and  as  such 
is  not  good  sense  as  applied  either  to  the  Father 
or  the  Holy  Trinity.  But  the  words  are  not 
necessarily  to  be  so  translated.  They  may  very 
properly  be  rendered,  We  praise  Thee,  God ;  that 
is,  We  praise  Thee  who  art  our  God,  and  then 
they  are  of  course  appropriate,  whether  addressed 
to  the  Father  only,  or  to  the  Blessed  Trinity  col- 
lectively. (2.)  "  That  ejecting  the  three  offend- 
ing versicles,  the  remainder  becomes  a  hymn  to 
Christ  as  God."  I  cannot  approve  of  these  verses 
being  called  either  "  offensive "  or  "  offending." 
Objectors  might  be  content  to  consider  them  in- 
terpolations ;  but  I  cannot  admit  that  they  are 
even  such.  I  see  nothing  that  requires  us  to 
apply  the  first  ten  versicles  to  the  Second  Person ; 
every  word  of  them  will  equally  apply  to  God  the 
Father ;  and  my  opinion  is  that  they  were  so  in- 
tended to  apply,  and  that  the  versicles — 

"  Venerandum  tuum  verum  et  unicum  Filium, 
Sanctum  quoque  Paraclitum  Spiritual," 

were  designedly  introduced  in  the  original  com- 
position, to  pay  distinct  homage  to  the  three  divine 
Persons.  The  rest  of  the  hymn  is  addressed  to 
our  Saviour  only,  just  as  ihe  chief  part  of  the 
Apostles'  Creed  refers  to  Him,  of  whom,  in  his 
twofold  nature,  as  God  and  man,  we  have  so  much 
to  predicate.  I  really  see  no  reason  to  consider 
the  three  versicles  as  interpolations. 

I  am  sorry  to  find  your  correspondent  A.  H.W. 
designating  the  text  of  the  three  heavenly  wit- 
nesses in  1  St.  John  v.  7.  as  "  the  well-known 
forgery."  If  he  will  read  Cardinal  Wiseman's 
critique  upon  that  question,  I  am  persuaded  that 
he  will  find  good  reason  to  think  very  differently. 
It  is  almost  as  painful  to  hear  MR.  THOMAS  BOYS 
(2nd  S.  ix.  31.)  speak  of  "  Bonaventura's  astound- 
ing parody,"  and  proclaim  that  "  the  three  versi- 
cles, 11 — 13.,  are  actually  struck  out.  the  'Three 
Persons  of  the  Trinity'  give  place,  in  order  that 
the  Virgin  may  be  worshipped  instead  ! "  But,  in 
the  first  place,  this  "  parody  "  on  the  Te  Deum  is 
falsely  ascribed  to  St.  Bonaventure;  and,  secondly, 
there  is  nothing  astounding  in  it,  or  the  least  irre- 
verence. On  the  contrary,  it  is  an  attempt  of 
some  pious  soul  to  imitate,  not  parody,  the  Te 
Deum,  but  only  so  far  as  its  language  might  be 
applied  to  the  Blessed  Virgin  ;  and  therefore  the 
three  versicles  being  wholly  inapplicable,  others 


408 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAY  26.  '60. 


were  reverently  imagined,  which  might  safely  be 
addressed  to  Her.  It  is  unjust  to  designate  such 
an  attempt, — whatever  maybe  thought  of  it  as 
matter  of  taste  and  judgment, — as  an  "  appalling 
substitution."  F.  C.  H. 

The  authorship  of  this  hymn  is  usually  ascribed 
to  St.  Ambrose,  as  it  would  seem,  on  the  faith  of 
a  passage  in  the  Chronicle  which  bears  the  name 
of  Dacius  of  Milan.  This  author  relates  that 
when  Augustine  was  baptized  and  confirmed  in 
the  name  of  the  holy  and  undivided  Trinity  by 
Ambrose,  in  the  presence  of  all  the  faithful  of  the 
city,  they  (Ambrose  and  Augustine),  under  the 
influence  of  the  Holy  Ghost,  pronounced  the 
words  of  the  Te  Deum  before  the  multitude. 
This  account  is  repeated  or  referred  to  by  St. 
Gregory  in  his  Dialogues,  and  others.  The  genu- 
ineness of  Dacius's  Chronicle  is,  however,  fairly 
called  in  question.  An  ancient  Breviary  refers 
the  hymn  to  St.  Abundius.  The  first  who  men- 
tion it  are  St.  Benedict  and  Teridius,  a  disciple 
of  Csssarius  of  Aries.  A  manuscript  Psalter  in 
the  Vatican  calls  it  a  hymn  of  St.  Sisibutus,  and 
Usher  speaks  of  one  in  which  it  is  attributed'  to 
St.  Nicetius.  All  these  facts  are  stated  by  Car- 
dinal Bona  in  his  treatise  De  divina  Psalmodia 
(Paris,  1678,  p.  505.).  Other  opinions  have  been 
advanced,  but  it  is  probably  quite  impossible  to 
say  who  was  its  real  author ;  it  may,  however, 
be  safely  referred  to  the  fifth  century,  that  is  to 
say  in  its  present  form. 

My  own  opinion  is,  that  the  hymn  is  not  wholly 
original,  but  the  recognised  Latin  representative 
of  hymns  which  existed  in  Greek  at  an  earlier 
period.  I  will  briefly  state  my  reasons  for  this. 
It  is  well  known  that  the  primitive  Christians 
were  accustomed  to  sing  hymns  to  Christ  as  God 
in  Bithynia,  as  we  gather  from  the  testimony  of 
Pliny.  Eusebius  quotes  a  writer  who  says  the 
Christians  sing  hymns  to  Christ  the  Word  of  God, 
calling  him  God.  Paul  of  Samosata  put  down 
hymns  in  honour  of  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ.  The 
Apostolical  Constitutions  contain  two  such  hymns. 
A  writing  ascribed  to  Athanasius  quotes  one  of 
the  same.  Other  ancient  references  might  be 
added.  I  will  confine  myself  to  one,  which  exhi- 
bits this  "  hymn  to  Christ  as  God  "  in  its  fullest 
form,  if  we  except  the  well-known  later  additions. 
I  allude  to  what  is  called  the  Morning  Hymn, 
which  is  to  be  found  at  the  close  of  the  Psalms 
in  the  Alexandrine  Codex  in  the  British  Museum. 
This  MS.  was  written,  I  suppose,  not  later  than 
A.I).  450,  and  perhaps  somewhat  earlier ;  it  was 
written,  therefore,  nearly  at  the  time  when  Am- 
brose is  commonly  believed  to  have  composed  the 
Te  Deum.  The  Morning  Hvmn  is  beyond  ques- 
tion more  ancient  than  the  Te  Deam,  and  is  mani- 
festly not  in  its  simplest  and  shortest  form  in  the 
Alexandrine  MS.  It  seems  to  consist  of  three 


principal  portions,  the  first  and  second  of  which 
conclude  with  the  word  "Amen."  The  copy  I 
follow  is  printed  in  Grabe's  Septuagint,  at  the 
end  of  the  Psalms,  ed.  1709. 

On  comparing  the  Morning  Hymn  with  the  Te 
Deum,  it  will  be  observed  that  the  Latin  wants 
the  first  three  lines  of  the  Greek,  and  the  whole  of 
the  third  principal  section.  A  collation  of  the 
rest  of  the  Morning  Hymn  with  the  Te  Deum 
convinces  me  that  the  Latin  is  an  imitation  of  the 
Greek.  They  correspond  throughout  iri  senti- 
ment, and  to  a  great  extent  in  expression.  The 
resemblance  is  too  striking  to  be  the  result  of  ac- 
cident. Leaving  out  the  first  three  lines,  which 
are  copied  from  Luke  ii.  14.,  the  Greek  com- 
mences, "We  praise  Thee,  we  bless  Thee,  we 
worship  Thee,  we  glorify  Thee,  we  give  thanks 
to  Thee,  because  of  Thy  great  glory."  The  Tri- 
sagion,  or  "Holy,  Holy,  Holy,"  clause  is  not  there, 
because  it  was  not  added  until  a  later  date,  in  the 
time  of  Theodosius  Junior.  In  the  next  clause 
we  have  an  address  to  the  Father,  Son,  and  Holy 
Ghost,  as  in  the  Te  Deum.  This  is  very  import- 
ant in  connection  with  the  question  of  interpo- 
lations discussed  in  your  pages  recently  ;  for  if 
my  theory  be  correct,  it  is  almost  demonstrated 
that  the  passage  objected  to  was  a  part  of  the 
original  Te  Deum.  No  theory  of  casual  resem- 
blance will  meet  this  case,  and,  added  to  what 
your  other  correspondents  have  adduced,  I  re- 
gard it  as  conclusive.  The  next  clauses  of  the 
Greek  and  of  the  Latin  commemorate  the  salva- 
tion of  Christ,  implore  his  mercy,  and  recognise 
his  session  at  the  right  hand  of  God.  Here  the 
first  section  of  the  Morning  Hymn  ends,  and  the 
second  begins  "  Every  day  will  I  bless  Thee,  and 
praise  Thy  name  for  ever  and  ever,  and  world 
without  end."  No  one  will  doubt  the  resemblance 
here.  It  continues,  "  Vouchsafe,  O  Lord,  that 
even  this  day  we  may  be  kept  without  sin."  The 
rest  of  the  Te  Deum  consists  of  quotations  from 
the  Psalms,  and  so  is  the  Morning  Hymn.  The 
Greek  is  sometimes  longer  and  sometimes  shorter, 
but  is  a  less  elaborate  and  artificial  composition 
than  the  Latin,  which,  notwithstanding  the  old 
faith  of  its  inspiration,  is  beyond  question  a  copy 
where  it  is  not  an  imitation.  B.  H.  C. 


BRASS  OF  JOHN  FLAMBARD  AT  HARROW. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  179.286.370.) 

I  have  to  express  my  acknowledgments  to  F. 
C.  H.  and  other  correspondents  who,  on  my  sug- 
gestion, have  endeavoured  to  explain  the  sepul« 
chral  enigma  at  Harrow  :  — 

"  Jon  me  do  marmore  Numinis  ordine  Flam  tutn'lat' 
Bard  q°3  verbere  stigis  E  fun'e  hie  tueatur." 

And  I  beg  to  assure  F.  C.  H.,  from  a  rubbing 
now  before  me,  that  every  letter  is  correctly 


2-a  a  IX  MAY  26.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


409 


copied,  and  that  the  whole  is  so  plainly  and  dis- 
tinctly cut  that  there  can  be  no  difference  of 
opinion  about  the  reading.  Whether  the  en- 
graver may  not  have  made  some  variations  from 
the  copy  given  him  by  the  writer  is  another 
question,  and  I  am  disposed  to  think  he  did. 
But  I  would  propose  that,  if  possible,  in  spite  of 
any  such  errors,  we  should  attempt  to  arrive  at 
the  writer's  meaning. 

It  is  remarkable  that  an  inscription  of  only 
two  lines  should  have  given  room  to  so  many 
doubts  and  different  surmises,  and  that  almost 
every  expression  in  turn  has  been  questioned. 

The  lines  are  evidently  intended  for  hexame- 
ters, and  hexameters  composed  entirely  of  dac- 
tyls except  the  last  foot.  This  circumstance 
forms  a  help  towards  reading  them ;  but  it  is 
counterbalanced  by  the  disregard  to  false  quan- 
tities in  which  the  mediaeval  writers  indulged ; 
and  by  their  placing  words  close  together  instead 
of  leaving  spaces  between  them. 

1.  The  first  foot  is  Jon  me  do.     If,  with  F.C. 
H.,   we  read  this  Ego  Johannes  do  me,  we  not 
only   have   me  a   long   syllable,  but  we  deprive 
tumidatur  of  its  nominative  case.     I  am  therefore 
inclined  to  think  that  me  do  may  have  been  the 
engraver's  error  for  modo,  as  suggested  by  the 
Rev.  MR.  WILLIAMS. 

2.  Upon  Numinis  ordine  all  our  interpretations 
seem  to  agree,  namely,  that  it  was  intended  to  be 
equivalent  to  Numinis  ordinatione. 

3.  In  the  second  line,  according  to  the  idea  of 
every  foot  but  the  last  being  a  dactyl,  we  read 
Bard  quoque.     I  withdraw  my  suggestion  of  the 
second  word  being  cujus ;  but  I  may  remark  that 
to  represent  quoque  completely  it  ought  to  have 
been  engraved  q°q3  instead  of  q0}. 

4.  The  word  verbere  is  the  one,  on  the  full  im- 
port of  which  I  have  most  doubt,  and  which  in- 
deed induces  me  to  take  the  trouble  of  writing 
again  on  the  subject,  as  I  will  explain  hereafter. 

5.  Stigis  e  funere.     These  two  feet  of  the  verse 
form  a  phrase  which  I  decidedly  read  together, 
and  translate  "  from  the  death  of  Hell."     It  is 
true  that  e  is  a  long  syllable ;    but,   as  I  have 
already  remarked,  our  mediaeval  Latin  poets  did 
not  care  for  false  quantities,  particularly  when 
they   compensated    for    them    by    such  jingling 
rhymes  as  we  have  in  this  specimen.     I  do  not 
think  with  F.  C.  H.  that  E  was  intended  for  the 
conjunction  et.     Still  less  can  I  agree  with  B.  II. 
C.  that  it  was  intended  for  the  initial  of  Eques; 
for  it  is  well  known  that  Miles,  and  not  Eques, 
was  the  mediaeval  Latin  for  Knight.     I  do  not 
suppose   that   it   was   made   a   capital   with   any 
meaning,  but  merely  by  the  bad  scholarship  or 
misapprehension  of  the  engraver. 

6.  1  am  quite  of  opinion  that  tueatur  is  used  in 
ita  passive  sense,  as  maintained  by  B.  H.  C.,  al- 
though both  MB.  WILLIAMS  and  F.  C.  H,  have 


adopted  the  contrary  interpretation ;  and  hie  I 
conclude  can  mean  only  hie  Johannes  Flambard, 
and  not  "  he  (God),"  as  suggested  by  F.  C.  H. 
Numen,  I  believe,  is  always  a  neuter  noun.  Nor 
would  it  seem  to  mend  the  matter  to  translate 
hie  "  here.1' 

If,  then,  the  latter  part  of  the  second  line  be 
taken  as  meaning  "  may  he  be  preserved  from  the 
death  of  Hell !"  then  it  would  follow  that  verbere 
implied  the  means  by  which  he  should  be  so  pre- 
served. My  tirst  suggestion  was,  "  by  the  stripes" 
of  Him  by  whom  the  Gospel  teaches  us  we  are 
healed  ;  but  1  fear  that  is  too  eva.ngelical  a  sense 
for  the  time  when  the  epitaph  was  written.  Can 
any  support  be  found  for  the  suggestion  that  the 
word  may  have  been  employed  to  signify  "  pen- 
ance," or  purgatory  ?  JOHN  GOUGH  NICHOLS. 

My  learned  friend  F.  C.  H.  wishes  to  see  a  rub- 
bing of  this  curious  inscription.  1  am  happy  to  be 
able  to  spare  him  the  research,  in  a  manner  satisfac- 
tory to  himself.  Having  been  in  town  lately,  I  took 
a  trip  to  Harrow,  and  inspected  the  brass  myself. 
The  reading  is  decidedly  me  do,  and  no  mistake. 
So  my  "  bold  stroke"  becomes  a  telum  imbelle  sine 
ictu  ;  and  /,  too,  as  well  as  the  redoubtable  knight, 
Sir  John  Flambard,  must  say  me  do,  /  surrender, 
MR.  GOUGH  NICHOLS  has  given  the  inscription 
with  perfect  accuracy  in  his  communication  to 
"  N.  &  Q."  This  was  not  done  by  any  of  the 
previous  writers, — Gough  (Sepulchral  Monuments, 
vol.  ii.  p.  cclxxvii.) ;  Weever,  p.  531. ;  Lysons 
(Environs  of  London,  ii.  p.  571.)  ;  Grose,  in  Plates 
VI.  and  VII.  in  the  Addenda  to  his  Preface. 
They  all  give  the  small  e  in  the  middle  of  the 
second  line ;  whereas  it  is  plainly  the  old  black- 
letter  capital  1Q.  They  all  likewise  give  quoque  in 
full,  and  not  the  contraction  qj.  They  were  right, 
however,  in  the  word ;  for  it  can  be  nothing  else, 
being  a  very  common  form  in  MSS.  But  how 
the  jumble  is  increased  by  this  reading,  me  do!—? 
more  bungling  in  the  verse ;  and  "  Jon  "  in  the 
first  person,  while  Flam,  the  same  individual,  is 
in  the  third ! 

F.  C.  H.  must  now  allow  me  to  reciprocate  his 
compliment, — "  he  has  been  enticed  too  far  by  his 
ingenious  speculations."  He  takes  the  (£  to  stand 
for  et.  Now  I  do  not  pretend  to  any  special 
acquaintance  with  brasses ;  but  !•  am  tolerably 
familiar  with  old  MSS.  of  various  ages  and  cha- 
racter, and  certainly  I  have  never  seen  the  et  thus 
written.  Great  is  the  variety  of  twirled  lines 
used  to  denote  the  little  conjunction ;  but  in  no 
instance  have  I  seen  a  regularly  formed  capital 
letter  employed  for  the  purpose.  And  MSS. 
would  be  more  likely  to  afford  an  instance  of  the 
kind,  in  consequence  of  their  variety,  than  in- 
scriptions on  brasses,  which  are  more  formal  and 
uniform.  However,  if  my  friend  can  produce  an 
example,  I  will  again  sing  we  do. 


410 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAY  2G.  '60. 


Your  other  correspondent,  B.  H.  C.  will  per- 
haps permit  me  to  demur  to  one  or  two  things  in 
his  translation.  He  says  that  tueor  is  not  only  a 
deponent  but  a  passive  verb.  It  is  very,  very 
rarely  passive  ;  not  once  in  a  hundred  times ;  and 
therefore,  unless  otherwise  indicated  by  the  con- 
text, must  be  always  understood  in  an  active 
sense.  Indeed,  I  doubt  whether  it  is  ever  used 
passively  by  classical  or  correct  writers.  If  B.  H. 
C.,  or  any  Latin  scholar  who  reads  "  N.  &  Q.," 
will  furnish  me  with  an  example  from  a  repu- 
table author,  I  will  thank  him,  and  acknowledge 
my  ignorance.  I  imagine  I  may  have  seen  tuen- 
dus,  which  of  course  is  passive ;  but  never  in  the 
indicative  and  optative  moods.  Funus  does  not 
mean  death,  except  by  metonomy ;  saidfunere  can- 
not, I  think,  be  translated,  as  B.  H.  C.  translates 
it, — in  death. 

I  beg  to  thank  B.  H.  C.  for  the  information 
he  afforded  us  in  answer  to  my  Query  respecting 
the  "  Codex  Sinaiticus."  It  is  to  be  hoped  we 
shall  soon  be  in  possession  of  its  various  readings. 

JOHN  WILLIAMS. 

Arno's  Court. 

P.S. — Since  writing  the  above,  I  have  consulted 
various  lexicographers  as  to  the  word  tueor,  and 
am  confirmed  in  the  conclusion  that  it  has  an 
active  sense  ki  ninety-nine  cases  out  of  a  hun- 
dred. One  instance  is  adduced  of  tuendus,  as 
used  by  Gicero.  But  as  to  the  indicative  or  sub- 
junctive moods,  among  a  multitude  of  instances 
of  the  active  sense,  only  one  is  adduced  of  the 
passive  —  and  that  is  from  Varro. 

SIR  WALTER  RALEIGH'S  HOUSE  (2nd  S.  ix.  243.) 
— If  I  may  be  allowed  a  conjecture,  I  should  say 
that  the  house  described  by  MR.  HART  was  the 
residence  of  Captain  George  Raleigh  (Sir  Walter's 
nephew),  who  certainly  resided  in  the  parish  of 
Lambeth.  "Mrs.  Judeth  Ralegh,  the  wife  of 
Capt.  George  Ralegh,  sometime  Deputy- Governor 
of  ye  Hand  of  Jersey,"  died  on  the  14th  of  De- 
cember, 1701,  and  was  buried  in  Lambeth  church. 
EDWARD  F.  RIMBAULT. 

PASSAGE  IN  MENANDER  (2nd  S.  ix.  327.  395.)— 
The  thought  is  in  Plautus,  and  probably  taken 
from  Menander.  If  the  original  Greek  exists  it 
has  not  been  found  by  Dindorf. 

"  Plerique  homines,  quos  cum  nihil   refert  pudet ;   ubi 

pudendum  est, 
Ibi  eos  deserit  pudor,  cum  usus  est  ut  pudeat." 

Epidicus,  Act  II.  Sc.  2. 1.  1. 

I  take  this  opportunity  of  asking  whether  any- 
thing is  known  about  the  present  and  future 
state  of  Ritschili's  edition  of  Plautus.  It  began 
with  the  refusal  to  sell  a  separate  play,  and,  ex- 
pecting it  to  be  good,  I  became  a  subscriber. 
Only  nine  parts  have  reached  me:  the  last  is 
the  Mercator,  1854,  and  like  many  new  German 


books,  they  are  not  sewn,  but  pasted  at  the  back 
and  come  to  pieces  on  being  cut.  Is  it  best  to 
have  them  bound  as  an  imperfect  work,  or  to 
wait  in  the  hope  of  completion  ?  H.  B.  C. 

Q.  U.  Club. 

MANNERS  OF  THE  LAST  CENTURY  (2n(?  S.  ix. 
344.) — The  best  sources  are  the  English  novelists, 
Richardson,  Fielding,  Smollett,  &c. ;  Swift's  Jour- 
nal, letters,  polite  conversation,  &c. ;  Boswell's 
Johnson,  by  Croker;  Mad.  D'Arblay's  Letters 
and  Diary ;  but  chiefly  Horace  Walpole's  Letters. 
They  dined  usually  at  three  o'clock ;  took  tea  or 
coffee  after  dinner ;  supped  about  eight  or  nine, 
played  at  loo  or  whist  till  midnight  or  later  ;  other- 
wise they  went  to  the  theatre  or  opera.  Horace 
Walpole  gives  an  amusing  account  of  a  dinner  at 
Northumberland  House,  7th  April,  1765  (v.  17.), 
and  of  a  week's  party  at  Stowe  given  by  the 
Princess  Amelia,  7th,  9th,  and  12th  July,  1770 
(v.  277—282.).  T.  J.  BLCKTON. 

Lichfield. 

THE  SEPULCHRAL  EFFIGIES  AT  KIRKBY  BE- 
LERS  AND  ASHBY  FOLVILLE,  co.  LEICESTER  (2nd 
S.'viii.  496.)— Neither  Burton  nor  Nichols  in  their 
respective  Histories  of  Leicestershire  assign  the 
effigy  at  Ashby  Folville  to  the  Baron  of  the  Ex- 
chequer who  was  slain  in  1325-6.  Burton  de- 
scribes it  as  "  an  antient  alabaster  monument  of 
a  knight  of  the  house  of  Belere,"  and  Nichols 
calls  him  "  Roger  Beler  ;  "  but  there  were  several 
Rogers  in  succession.  Nichols  notices  the  murder 
thus : — 

"  This  Roger  le  Beler,  who  is  charged  with  being  op- 
pressive and  rapacious,  and  having  got  estates  from  other 
foundations  for  his  own,  was  slain,  in  a  valley  near 
Reresby,  in  1325,  being  then  very  old,  and  one  of  the  jus- 
tices itinerant,  by  Eustace  de  Folvile  and  his  brother, 
whom  he  had  threatened."  (History  of  Leicestershire,  ii. 
225.) 

Now  the  effigy,  which  is  engraved  in  Plate 
XL1II.  of  the  same  volume,  seems  to  represent  a 
very  young  man,  in  plate  armour,  and  probably  of 
the  reign  of  Edward  the  Third.  The  monument 
at  Ashby  Folvile  is  also  represented  in  the  History 
of  Leicestershire,  vol.  iii.  Plate  V.,  but  the  view 
gives  only  a  profile  of  the  effigy,  insufficient  to 
judge  accurately  of  its  costume.  Both  the  arms 
of  the  effigy  are  broken  off,  and  therefore  the 
sword  anct  dagger  may  well  be  so  also.  Mr. 
Nichols  mentions  the  popular  story  that  it  "  is 
said  to  be  for  Old  Folvile  who  slew  Beler  ;'*  but 
this  shows  only  that  the  tragic  affray  was  tra- 
ditionally handed  down.  The  tomb  upon  which 
the  effigy  is  laid,  with  its  quatrefoiled  panels, 
points  to  a  later  date.  As  for  the  effigy  at  Kirkby 
Beler  being  (as  MR.  KELLY  suggests)  "  repre- 
sented as  unarmed,"  Mr.  Nichols  expressly  saj 
"  his  sword  and  dagger  are  gone,  but  the  belt 
mains,"  On  the  whole,  I  think  MR.  KELLY  ha$ 


2^  S.  IX.  MAY  26.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


411 


too  hastily  identified  the  effigies  with  the  actor 
and  sufferer  in  the  murder ;  and  that  the  notion 
that  the  effigies  were  originally  "  represented  as 
unarmed  "  is  mistaken.  J.  G.  N. 

SIR  PETER  GLEANE  (2nd  S.  viii.  ,187.  218. ;  ix. 
51.)  —  As  Wotton's  account  of  this  family  differs 
in  many  respects  from  the  particulars  already 
given,  I  have  thought  it  may  prove  acceptable  to 
your  correspondents  MESSRS.  COOPER.  The  crest 
given  is  also  different  (described  by  Burke  a 
Saracen's  head),  and  is  no  doubt  that  of  Shelton, 
confirming  the  marriage  of  Sir  Peter  Gleane  of 
Norwich  with  the  heiress  of  that  name,  and  not 
with  Suckling  as  stated.  The  reference  given  by 
X.  Y.  (p.  51.)  also  corroborates  this  assumption. 
Wotton  says,  under  "  Glean  of  Hardwick,  Nor- 
folk ":— 

"  Peter  Glean  of  the  city  of  Norwich,  Merchant .... 
was  knighted  by  K.  James  L,  and  Mayor  of  the  said  city 
in  the  year  1615.  He  married ,  daughter  and  co- 
heir of  John  Shelton,  of  Hardwick,  Esq.,  by  which  mar- 
riage he  became  possessed  of  a  very  considerable  estate 
there.  He  had  issue  Peter,  who  married  Jane,  daughter 

of Crow  of  the  city  of  Norfolk,  Gent.,  but  died  in 

his  father's  lifetime,  and  left  issue  Peter,  who  succeeded 
his  grandfather  in  the  Hardwick  estate,  and  was  created 
Baronet  17  Car.  II.  He  represented  the  city  of  Norwich 
in  Parliament,  temp.  Car.  II.,  and  the  co.  of  Norfolk  in 
1678.  He  had  two  sons,  1.  Sir  Thomas,  who  succeeded 
him  and  ruined  the  estate  by  his  extravagance ;  and  2. 
Sir  Peter,  successor  to  his  brother,  a  Proctor  in  the  Court 
of  Canterbury,  who  married  first  a  daughter  of  Dr.  Peters 
of  Canterbury,  and  had  two  sons  and  two  daughters.  His 
second  wife  was  the  relict  of  Mr.  Manger,  by  whom  he 
had  no  issue.  Sir  Peter  Glean,  his  son,  the  present 
Baronet  is  as  yet  (1727)  unmarried." 

"  Arms.— Ermine,  on  a  chief,  sable,  three  lions  ram- 
pant, argent. 

"  Crest.— On  a  wreath,  the  bust  of  a  man  full-faced, 
proper,  wreathed  about  the  temples  .  .  ." 

HENRY  W.  S.  TAYLOR. 
Portswood  Park. 

^[We  have  frequently  requested  our  correspondents  to 
give  the  date  of  the  edition  of  any  work  quoted.  The 
foregoing  article  shows  the  importance  of  this  rule.  Mr. 
TAYLOR  has  clearly  quoted  the  first  edition  of  Wotton's 
Baronetage,  1727.  In  the  second  edition,  1741,  this  ac- 
count of  Gleane  differs  very  materially ;  but  in  the  third 
edition,  1771,  edited  by  Kimber  and  Johnson,  it  is  omitted 
altogether .'— ED.] 

MARIA  OR  MARIA  (2nd  S.  ix.  122.)— The  Syriac 
word  is  pronounced  Mar-yam,  consequently  the  i 
should  be  short,  if  we  adhere  to  the  ancient  pro- 
nunciation. 

Sedulius  appears  to  be  the  first  who  used  this 
word  with  both  long  and  short  i. 

"  Angelus  intactae  cecinit  properata  Maria?," 
and 

"  Quis  fuit  ille  nitor  Mariae,  cum  Christus  ab  alvo." 
Gradus,  Boinvilliers,  p.  480. 

Labbe  says  that  it  should  be  accented  on  the 
second  syllable,  in  which  he  is  correct,  if  accent 
be  merely  the  elevation  of  tone,  as  from  d  to  e  in 


music  ;  but  if  he  means  that  it  should  be  length- 
ened, as  Walker  supposes,  he  is  wrong.  The 
error  in  pronouncing  the  i  long,  seems  to  have 
come  from  the  Greek  Mup/a,  by  not  distinguishing 
it  from  the  name  of  the  Virgin,  Mapiaa,  and  by 
supposing  the  i  to  be  long  because  it  has  the 
Greek  accent.  The  pronunciation  of  the  Latin 
church,  which  makes  the  i  long,  though  fashion- 
able now,  is  not  the  ancient  one.  This  practice 
may  have  been  adopted  to  distinguish  the  Virgin's 
name  from  the  feminine  of  Marius.  The  period 
of  such  change  is  the  era  of  Attila,  Genseric,  and 
Odoacer.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 

INSTITUTION  BY  BISHOP  BEDELL  (2"d  S.  ix.  326.) 
—  The  parish  inquired  about  is  very  probably 
that  now  known  as  Denn,  a  vicarage  near  Cavan» 

King  James  I.  granted  ninety  acres  of  land 
arising  from  the  polls  of  Dromhurke  and  Aghow- 
hahie,  in  or  near  Tonagh,  to  the  incumbent  of 
Denn,  by  articles  of  instruction  dated  3rd  of 
February,  ]623. 

If  B.  A.  B.  would  give  the  name  of  the  person 
inducted,  farther  information  respecting  him  might 
be  attainable.*  JOHN  RIBTON  GARSTIN, 

CLIFTON  or  LEIGHTON  BROMSWOLD  (2nd  S.  ix. 
364.) — Under  the  descent  of  Clifton  of  Clifton, 
Notts,  given  by  Wotton  in  his  Baronetage,  I  find 
the  following  :  — 

"  *  Descended  from  Alvaredus  de  Clifton,  Knt,  Warden 
of  Nottingham  Castle  soon  after  the  Conquest,  surnamed 
from  the  manor  of  Clifton.'  After  twelve  descents  of 
knights  of  the  Shire  for  Notts,  Derby,  and  York  and  other 

honours,  we  come  to  '  Sir  Gervase one  of  the 

Knights  of  the  Bath  at  the  creation  of  Henry  Duke  of 
York,  10  Hen.  7.  He  had  issue  Robert  and  Gervase, 


of  Peers  as  Lord  Clifton  of  the  above  creation.  «  John, 
1st  Earl,  married  Aug.  24,  1713,  Lady  Theodosia  Hyde 
(then),  only  daughter  and  heir  of  Edward  Earl  of  Claren- 
don   Baroness  of  Clifton  in  her  own  right,  as 

appears  by  the  resolution  of  the  House  of  Lords  in  1G73, 
which  Barony  is  in  the  co.  of  Nottingham,  and  has 
been  the  inheritance  of  a  family  of  that  name  for  above 
600  years ;  of  which  was  Sir  Jervis  (Gervas)  Clifton,  Kt., 
who  in  1608,  the  6th  James  1st,  was  summoned  to  par- 
liament by  the  title  of  Baron  Clifton  of  Leigh  ton  Broms- 
wold.  He  had  a  daughter  named  Catharine,  who  was  his 
sole  heir,  and  she  being  married  to  Esme  Steuart,  Baron 
of  Aubigny,  the  said  Esme  on  the  7th  Jan.  1619,  17 
Jac.  L,  was  created  Baron  Clifton  and  Earl  of  March 

he  dying   without  .issue  male,  Catharine 

his  daughter  became  his  heir,  and  was  Baroness  of 
Clifton.  She  married  Henry  Lord  Ibrican,  eldest  son  to 
Henry,  7th  Earl  of  Thomond  ....  and  by  him  had  a 
daughter  of  her  name,  who  became  the  wife  of  Edward 
Earl  of  Clarendon,  and  by  him  had  (besides  a  son  and 
daughter  that  died  unmarried)  the  Lady  Theodosia  above- 
mentioned  who  dying  on  30th  July,  1722,  the 


[*  The  party  inducted  was  (most  probably)  Alexander 
Clogy,  the  author  of  the  MS.  Life  of  Bishop  Bedell,  whence 
the  extract  in  questiou  was  made. — ED.] 


412 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  IX.  MAT  26.  '60. 


honour  of  Clifton  devolved  on  her  eldest  son  Edward, 
now  Baron,  he  having  his  claim  allowed  in  1711,  and  his 
seat  next  to  the  Lord  Teynham.' " 

I  quote  the  above  from  NichoH's  Irish  Com- 
pendium, ed.  1727.  There  is  evidently  an  error  in 
the  latter  statement.  Debrett  says  "  Edward,  2nd 
Earl  of  Darnley,  took  his  seat  in  the  House  of 
Peers  on  Feb.  1,  1737,  as  Lord  Clifton."  By 
virtue  of  the  above  alliance  the  Earls  of  Darnley 
quartered  the  arras  of  Hyde,  O'Brien,  Steuart,  and 
Clifton.  HENRY  W.  S.  TAYLOR. 

Portswood  Park. 

There  is  an  extensive  pedigree  of  the  Clifton 
family  of  Clifton,  co.  Notts,  in  Thoroton's  History 
of  Nottinghamshire,  vol.  iii.  p.  104.  edit.  1790,  in 
which  the  Christian  name  of  Gervase  occurs  ten 
or  twelve  times.  But  I  fear  your  correspondent 
MR.  ROBINSON  will  find  no  trace  in  it  of  the 
Baron's  grandfather,  William  Clifton  of  London. 
Lord  Clifton  is  mentioned  as  having  been  com- 
mitted to  the  Tower  by  the  Lords  of  the  Council, 
at  p.  136.  of  Letters  of  George  Lord  Carew,  lately 
published  by  the  Camden  Society.  J.  SANSOM. 

MEDALS  OF  THE  PRETENDER  (2nd  S.  v.  417.) — 
In  Mr.  HAWKINS'S  interesting  paper  on  the  four 
medals  of  Prince  Charles,  he  has  omitted  to 
specify  the  metal  in  which  No.  3.  is-struck.  Are 
we  to  infer  it  to  be  silver,  as  are  Nos.  2.  &  4.  ? 

JOS.  Gr. 

FLETCHER  FAMILY  (2nd  S.  ix.  162.  254.  351.)— 
Your  correspondent  asks  whether  the  arrow  borne 
on  the  coat  of  arms  of  the  family  or  families  of 
Fletcher  is  not  allusive  to  the  first  of  the  name 
having  been  "archers  in  the  army  of  William  the 
Conqueror  ?  "  In  reply,  I  beg  to  say  that  I  have 
been  unable  to  find  any  cause  for  the  latter  sup- 
position, but,  on  the  contrary,  that  the  Fletchers 
derived  their  name  from  Fleschier,  "arrow  maker ;" 
hence,  probably,  the  introduction  of  the  arrow  in 
the  coat  of  arms.  If,  however,  we  go  deeper  into 
subject,  I  think  that  it  will  be  found  that  the 
Fletcher  arms  are  of  comparatively  recent  origin, 
and  were  not  in  reality  connected  with  the  name 
in  former  times  ;  and,  moreover,  it  is  by  no  means 
certain  that  the  name  in  Scotland  is  not  derived 
from  Flesher,  the  old  (and  even  now  common) 
Scotch  name  for  Butcher.  SPALATRO. 

DR.  ROBERT  CLAYTON  (2nd  S.  ix.  223.  332.)  — 
I  send  the  following  particulars  of  the  family  of 
this  prelate,  which  I  find  in  a  pedigree  of  Clayton 
of  Adlington,  Lancashire,  cr.  Bart.  May  3,  1744 
(vide  Debrett's  Baronetage,  vol.  ii.  p.  764..  edit. 
1819):  — 

"  Robert  de  Clayton  came  into  England  with  "Willm. 
Gonq. ;  was  born  at  Cordevec  in  Normandy,  and  for  his 
laudable  services  had  the  manor  of  Clayton  in  Lane, 
given  him.  He  had  3  sons,  John,  William,  and  Robert; 

and  2  daurs William,  2nd  son  of  Robert,  served 

K,  Stephen  in  many  troubles,  particularly  when  Ranulph 


Earl  of  Chester,  and  many  others,  took  possession  of 
London..  A  very  obstinate  battle  was  fought  on  Candle- 
mas Day,  where,  'God  wot,  William  de  Clayton  lost  his 
life  in  1141.'  The  24th  in  lineal  descent  from  him  was 
Dr.  Robert  Clayton,  bishop  successively  of  Killala,  Cork 
and  Ross,  and  Clogher,  in  Ireland;  to  which  last  he  was 
translated  in  1745." 

From  Thomas,  brother  of  the  bishop,  descended 
Richard,  who  "resigned  the  Chief  Justice  of  the 
Common  Pleas  in  Ireland  in  1770,"  and  died  July 
8,  that  year,  and  Sir  Richard  Clayton,  F:A.S., 
created  a  Bart,  as  above,  who  was  succeeded  by  his 
brother  Robert,  at  whose  death,  in  1 839,  I  believe 
the  title  became  extinct.  A  short  account  of  Dr. 
Robert  Clayton  and  his  works,  in  the  Nat.  Cyclop., 
states  his  preferment  to  have  been  chiefly  owing 
to  Mrs.  Clayton,  afterwards  Lady  Sundon,  who 
was  one  of  Queen  Caroline's  bedchamber  women. 
I  have  been  unable  to  trace  the  relationship  of  the 
bishop  to  Lord  Sundon,  which  no  doubt  can  be 
proved.  H.  W.  S.  TAYLOR. 

ENGRAVINGS  BY  REMBRANDT  (2nd  S.  ix.  367.) — 
Your  correspondent,  MR.  C.  LE  POER  KENNEDY, 
should  be  informed  that  original  engravings  by 
Rembrandt  (his  justly  celebrated  etchings)  are 
continually  in  the  market,  as  may  be  known  on 
perusing  the  advertisements  of  Messrs.  Leigh 
Sotheby  &  Wilkinson,  and  sometimes  of  Messrs. 
Christie  &  Manson,  particularly  at  this  season. 
The  dealers  in  these  fine  works  are  few.  The 
Messrs.  Evans,  however,  of  the  Strand,  have  al- 
ways a  fine  collection  in  stock :  the  prices  marked 
in  plain  figures,  according  to  the  importance, 
rarity,  and  early  state  of  the  specimens.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Noseda,  at  19.  Tavistock  Street,  Covent 
Garden,  can  occasionally  supply  examples  on 
moderate  terms.  Copies,  and  worn  or  damaged 
impressions  of  the  plates,  can  always  be  had  for  a 
few  shillings,  but  these  are  invariably  held  to  be 
worthless  by  connoisseurs  and  respectable  dealers. 
Mr.  Tiffin,  late  of  the  West  Strand,  long  con- 
sidered the  most  experienced  dealer,  has  retired 
from  the  business,  and  now,  I  believe,  sells  pri- 
vately on  commission.  The  descriptive  Catalogues 
of  Daulby  &  Wilson  are  deemed  the  principal 
text-books  for  Rembrandt's  etchings  :  these  works, 
now  out  of  print,  may  probably  be  obtained  of 
the  Messrs.  Evans  at  a  moderate  price. 

WlLLETT  L.  AD  YE. 

Merly,  Dorset. 

LETTERS  FROM  BUXTON  (2nd  S.  iii.  388.)  : 
ROBINSON'S  RATS  :  THE  ANCIENT:  BELLS.— I  have 
searched  the  biographies  in  vain  for  a  Memoir  of 
Robinson.  I  believe  he  was  an  adventurer,  and 
no  connexion  of  the  noble  families  of  that  name. 
In  The  Pictorial  History  of  England  (book  i. 
cap.  1.),  he  is  styled  "the  celebrated  ministerial 
manager,  Mr.  John  Robinson,  commonly  culled 
Jack  Robinson"  In  Selwyn  and  his  Contem} 
aries,  he  ia  once  mentioned  as  connected 


IX.  MAY  26.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


413 


Lord  North.  He  appears  to  have  succeeded 
Bradshaw  as  Secretary  to  the  Treasury  under  the 
Duke  of  Grafton,  and  afterwards  under  Lord 
North.  In  this  capacity  he  had  probably  a  good 
deal  to  do  with  dispensing  bribes  and  patronage. 
He  must  have  died  young,  as  we  find  no  mention 
of  him  in  succeeding  years.* 

His  name  often  occurs  in  verse  as  well  as  in 
prose  :  — 

"  I  know  the  charm  by  Robinson  employed, 
How  to  the  Treasury  Jack  his  rats  deco)*ed." 

Pol  Eclogues  (Rose),  /.  leg. 
"  Search  through  each  office  for  the  basest  tool 
Reared  in  Jack  Robinson's  abandon'd  school." 

The  Lyars  (Fitzpatrick). 

"  No  sooner  said  than  I  number  the  flitting  shades  of 
Jenky,  for  behold  the  potent  spirit  of  the  black-browed 
Jacko.  Tis  the  Ratten  Robinson,  who  worketh  the  works 
of  darkness.  '  Hither  I  come,'  said  Ratten.  '  Like  the 
mole  of  the  earth,  deep  caverns  have  been  my  resting- 
place.  The  ground  rats  are  my  food.'  "  —  Probationary 
Odes  (Macpherson). 

"  The  genius  of  Mr.  Bradshaw  inspires  Mr.  Robinson." 
—  Junius. 

I  can  nowhere  find  any  trace  of  the  anecdote 
about  the  rats. 

As  to  the  "  Bell's  Calvinist  Mermaids,"  I  con- 
jecture these  were  some  religious  young  ladies 
who  came  to  Buxton  to  bathe  and  distribute 
tracts.  "  Bell,"  perhaps  some  person  with  whom 
they  lodged,  or  had  dealings  of  some  kind. 

Buxton  reminds  me  of  Mary  Queen  of  Scots' 
pretty  apostrophe  on  leaving  the  place : 

"  Buxtona,  quae  calidae  celebrabere  nomine  lymphee, 
Forte  mihi  posthac  non  adeunda,  vale!  " 

Adapted  from  Caesar's  "  Feltria,"  etc.,  Camden's 
Britannia,  Gough's  edition. 

I  cannot  tell  what  ancient  is  meant.  W.  D. 

HEREDITARY  ALIAS  (2nd  S.  ix.  344.)— The  in- 
formation asked  by  F.  S.  C.  M.  will  be  found  in 
Mr.  Kite's  admirable  work  on  The  Wiltshire 
Brasses,  published  a  few  days  ago  :  a  work  which 
Contains  thirty-two  plates  and  twenty-one  wood- 
cuts, all  by  the  author.  He  refers  to  the  Heralds' 
Visitation  of  Wiltshire  in  1623  (Harl.  MS.,  No. 
1443.)  for  three  instances  of  the  hereditary  alias; 
these  are  in  the  pedigrees  of  the  Wiltshire  fami- 

[*  John  Robinson,  Esq.,  was  for  many  years  M.P.  for 
Harwich.  His  active  talents  and  skill  in  business  re- 
commended him  to  Lord  North  as  a  fit  person  for  the 
arduous  office  of  Secretary  to  the  Treasury,  which  he  con- 
tinued to  hold  till  the  termination  of  that  noble  Lord's 
administration,  when  Mr.  Robinson  retired  with  a  pen- 
sion of  1000/.  per  annum.  In  1777,  he  had  a  lawsuit 
with  Henry  Sampson  Woodfall  for  several  liberties  taken 
with  his  character  in  the  Public  Advertiser.  (Annual 
Register,  xx.  191.)  In  1788,  Mr.  Robinson  was  appointed 
by  Mr.  Pitt  to  the  lucrative  office  of  Surveyor -General  of 
his  Majesty's  Woods  and  Forests,  which  he  held  till  his 
death,  which  took  place  on  Dec.  23,  1802.  Gent.  Mag., 
Dec.  1802,  p.  1172.;  Annual  Register,  xliv.  522.;  Juniuis 
Letter*  (Bohn's  edit.),  i,  306.  3^6.  358.  — ED.] 


lies  of  Pytt  alias  Benett,  whose  descendant  was 
lately  M.P.  for  Wilts  ;  Weare  alias  Browne,  and 
Richmond  alias  Webb, — this  last  containing  the 
marriage  of  William  Richmond  and  Alice,  daugh- 
ter and  heiress  of  Thomas  Webb,  immediately 
before  the  alias  begins.  F.  A.  CARRINGTON. 

A  remarkable  instance  exists  in  Cumberland  of 
a  family  whose  name  is  Oldcorn  alias  Robinson. 
They  have  been  so  called  for  many  generations ; 
and  not  merely  in  common  parlance,  but  so  writ- 
ten in  wills  and  deeds.  The  tradition  of  its  origin 
is,  that  an  ancestor  of  the  family,  a  statesman, 
hoarded  his  grain  :  and  a  scarcity  happening,  he 
was  the  lucky  holder  of  a  large  stock,  and  realised 
so  much  by  his  old  corn  as  to  acquire  the  name, 
and  also  considerable  property.  The  property  is 
said  to  have  been  dissipated  by  a  gambling  de- 
scendant, who  fell  a  prey  to  sharpers  by  being 
placed  with  his  back  to  a  looking-glass  so  ad- 
justed as  to  enable  a  confederate  to  see  his  cards 
in  it.  The  name  remained  to  the  family,  who  to 
this  day  write  themselves  Oldcorn  alias  Robinson. 

CARLISLE. 

WITTY  TRANSLATIONS  (2nd  S.  ix.  116.  246.  332.) 
— The  following  humorous  renderings  occur  to 
me  as  likely  to  please  those  classics  who  think 
with  Horace  : 

"  Nee  verbum  verbo  curabis  reddere  fidus 
Interpres." 

S.  T.  Coleridge  says  Charles  Lamb  translated 
my  motto,  "  Sermoni  propriora,"  by  "  Properer 
for  a  sermon  !  " 

Goldsmith's  Essays : 

"Lilly's  Grammar  finely  observes  that  'JEs  in  pree- 
senti  perfectum  format,'  that  is, « Ready  money  makes  a 
perfect  man !'  "  —  Essay  II. 

The  writer  of  a  Times  leader,  some  years  ago, 
observed  on  "  all  London  "  thronging  out  of  town 
on  the  great  race-day,  that  their  cry,  like  that  of 
the  Romans  of  old,  was  — "  Panem  et  Circenses ! " 
=  A  sandivich  and  the  Derby.  F.  S. 

DISCOLOURED  COINS  (2nd  S.  ix.  363.)  —  Your 
correspondent  may  restore  the  colour  of  his  silver 
coins  by  boiling  them  in  a  solution  of  carbonate 
of  potash  in  distilled  water, — say  two  ounces  of 
the  former  to  one  pint  .of  the  latter.  After  boil- 
ing for  a  few  minutes  the  coins  are  to  be  wiped 
dry  with  a  new  wash-leather. 

The  cause  of  discolouration  may  be  traced  to 
the  white  satin  employed  to  line  the  case;  white 
satin  is  during  its  manufacture  "sulphured,"  to 
improve  its  whiteness,  and  it  is  this  trace  of  sul- 
phur on  the  satin  which  has  discoloured  the  silver 
coins.  Wash-leather  is  the  best  material  to  line 
the  case.  G.  W.  SEPTIMUS  PIESSJE. 

HERALDIC  (2nd  S.  ix.  179.)— Burke  (Gen.  Arm.) 
assigns  the  arms  given  by  H.  to  "Parker"  (no 
locality  given).  H.  W.  S.  TAYLOR. 


414 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  MAY  2(5.  '60. 


CURIOUSLY  CONSTRUCTED  EPITAPH  (2nd  S.  ix. 
359.)  —  The  epitaph  of  Wm.  Tyler,  given  under 
the  above  designation,  is  apparently  to  be  ar- 
ranged as  follows  :  — 

"Est 

Hie  Tumulus 

Index  Chart  Cineris,  —  non  Animi 
Index  Mortis,  —  non  Vitss  Historic 
Index  Viri,  —  non  Virtutis. 
Ilia  —  Saxum  et  Pagina  Marmorea  ostendunt 
Hsec— -ostendunt  Coelum  et  Liber  Vitae. 

Caetera  Piget  non  Dici 
Seu  velis  Imitari,  seu  velis  Carpere. 

Nam 

Vixit  Bene 
Major  Literis,  Major  Lituris. 

Posuit  ejus  uxor  Maria." 

Thus  collocated,  its  interpretation  presents  no 
difficulty.     I  should  translate  it  thus  :  — 
"  This  Tomb 

is 

The  Indicator  of  Beloved  Remains,  —  not  of  a  Mind, 
The  Indicator  of  Death,  —  not  of  the  History  of  a  Life, 
The  Indicator  of  a  Man,  —  not  of  Virtue. 
The  former  —  the  Stone  and  Marble  Page  exhibit 
The  latter  —  are  shown  by  Heaven  and  the  Book  of  Life. 

It  is  sad  that  more  should  not  be  told 
Whether  you  are  disposed  to  imitate,  or  to  blame. 

For 

He  lived  well 

Above  the  praise  of  writing,  —  and  above  censure. 
His  wife  Mary  erected  this  Monument." 

The  following  sentence  of  the  proposer  of  the 
Query  seems  far  more  unintelligible :  — 

"  To  whatever  merit  the  composer  may  aspire,  his 
claim  must  in  part  rest  upon  the  abbreviated  construc- 
tion, and  of  which  ha  tenders  to  the  reader,  who  is  tacitly 
challenged  to  fathom  the  studied  difficulties,  a  fair  share, 
for  making  that  intelligible  which  he  has  wrapped  in  the 
mazes  of  obscurity." 

The  meaning  of  this  may  well  furnish  a  Query 
for  some  "  magnus  Apollo.  F.  C.  H. 

THE  JUDAS  TREE  (2nd  S.  ix.  386.)  — A  corre- 
spondent asks  a  question  respecting  the  Judas 
tree  (Cercis  siliquastrum).  A  large  one  has  existed 
for  many  years  in  my  gardens  at  Stanford  Court, 
Worcestershire,  which,  as  long  as  I  can  recollect, 
has  put  forward  its  pea-shaped  scarlet  blossom 
and  seed  pod  every  succeeding  spring.  The  early 
frost  of  the  last  autumn  (1859)  injured  the  leaves 
before  they  were  sufficiently  mature  to  fall  off, 
and  they  in  consequence  remained  on  the  trees 
through  a  great  portion  of  the  winter.  The  same 
cause  affected  the  oriental  planes  that  grow  near 
to  it ;  but  I  am  not  aware  of  any  permanent  injury 
to  either.  I  believe  the  Judas  tree  will  be  found 
quite  hardy  in  this  country,  if  grown  in  a  spot  shel- 
tered from  cutting  winds.  THOS.  E.  WINNINGTON. 

[Several  other  correspondents  have  favoured  us  with 
similar  replies,  and  with  invitations  to  our  Querist  to  visit 
their  "Judas  trees,"  now  in  full  bloom.  Our  excellent 
friend  L.  B.  L.  states,  that  at  Kyarsh  it  has  never  failed 
to  bloom  and  ripen  its  seeds,  and  that  he  has  raised  manv 
plants  from  it.— ED.  «  N.  &  Q."] 


HUGH  DE  CRESSINGHAM  (2na  S.  ix.  388.)  —  Of 
Hugh  de  Cressingham,  relative  to  whom  you  say 
you  have  failed  to  trace  any  notice,  there  is  a  full 
account  in  The  Judges  of  England,  vol.  iii.  p.  82. 
He  is  there  described  as  an  officer  of  the  Ex- 
chequer, as  having  been  seneschall  of  the  queen 
in  18  Edw.  I.,  and  one  of  her  bailitfs  of  the  manor 
of  Haverford  (Rot.  Parl,  i.  30.  33.)  ;  and  as 
head  of  the  Justices  Itinerant  for  the  Northern 
Counties  from  1292  to  1295  (Year  Book,  i.  33.; 
Dugdale's  Chron.  Series).  In  the  next  year  he 
was  appointed  Treasurer  of  Scotland;  and  "proud, 
haughty,  and  violent,  he  made  himself  hateful  to 
the  Scots  by  his  oppressions."  He  was  slain  in 
battle  when  the  English  forces  were  defeated  by 
Wallace  at  Stirling,  in  1297  ;  and  it  is  related 
that,  "so  deep  was  the  detestation  in  which  his 
character  was  regarded,  that  his  body  was  man- 
gled, the  skin  torn  from  his  limbs,  and  in  savage 
triumph  cut  to  pieces."  The  story  that  Wallace 
ordered  as  much  of  his  skin  to  be  taken  off  as 
would  make  a  sword  belt,  has  been  absurdly  ex- 
tended to  its  having  been  employed  in  making 
girths  and  saddles.  The  Scots  called  him  "  Non 
thesaurarium  but  trayturarium  regis"  (Triveti 
Annales,  366.  note). 

He,  like  other  officers  of  the  Exchequer,  was  of 
the  ecclesiastical  profession,  and  held  so  many  be- 
nefices that  he  is  called  by  Prynne  "  an  insatiable 
pluralist;"  and  Hemingford,  describing  him.  as 
prebendary  of  many  churches,  gives  him  a  bad 
character,  and  ascribes  to  him.  an  immoderate  pas- 
sion for  hoarding  money.  (Archceologia,  xxv.  608.) 
He  was  son  of  William  de  Cressingham. 

EDWARD  Foss. 

WEIGHT  OF  PLOWLAND  (2na  S.  ix.  174.  313.)— 
From  a  pedigree  of  this  family  it  appears  that 
Robert  Wright  of  Plough-land  Hall,  Esq.,  married, 
1st,  Anne,  daughter  of  Thomas  Grimston,  ofGrim- 
ston  Garth,  Esq.,  by  whom  he  had  issue  Anne, 
Martha,  and  William;  which  William  married 
Anne,  daughter  of  Robert  Thornton,  of  East  New- 
ton, Esq.  Robert  Wright  married,  secondly,  Ur- 
sula, daughter  of  Nicholas  Rudston  of  Hayton  ; 
and  his  second  wife  Jane,  daughter  of  Sir  Wil- 
liam Mallory,  of  Studley,  Knt.,  by  whom  he  had 
issue  John,  Christopher  (the  two  conspirators  in 
the  Gunpowder  Plot),  Ursula  (married  to  John 
Constable  of  Hatfield),  Alice,  and  Martha.  The 
relationship  between  William  Wright  and  the  two 
conspirators  would,  therefore,  be  that  of  half- 
brothers.  AVilliam  Wright  died  at  Plough-land, 
and  was  buried  at  Welwick  (the  parish  in  which 
Ploughland  is  situate),  27th  December,  1616.  His 
wife  Anne  (Thornton)  died  28th  December,  1618, 
and  was  buried  at  Welwick.  This  family  has  now 
become  extinct :  the  last  male  heir  was  Francis 
Wright,  who  died  without  issue  subsequent  to  the 
year  1656,  in  which  year  he  by  deed  gave  his 
estates  to  his  kinsman,  Thomas  Crathorne,  in 


.  IX.  MAY  26.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


415 


whose  family  the  Ploughland  estate  continued 
down  to  the  beginning  of  the  present  century. 
The  last  representative  of  the  female  line  was  the 
Eev.  William  Dade,  rector  of  Barmston,  in  Hol- 
derness,  an  eminent  antiquary,  who  died  in  1790. 

G.  R.  PARK. 

EDGAR  FAMILY  (2nd  S.  ix.  334.  373.)— Will 
C.  W.  kindly  inform  me  what  relationship  the 
late  Admiral  Tait,  Abercrombie  Place,  Edinburgh, 
bore  to  Maria  Bethia  Edgar,  who  married,  1st, 
Capt.  Campbell,  K.N.,  and  2nd,  Dr.  Tait?— for 
this  Admiral  Tait  w£s  undoubtedly  first  cousin  to 
Alexander  Edgar  of  Auchengrammont,  and  the 
coincidence  of  names  is  singular,  and  tends  to 
prove  I  am  correct  in  my  supposition  that  on  the 
Edgars  of  Auchengrammont  devolved  the  repre- 
sentation of  the  Wedderlie  family.  J.  H. 

QUOTATION  WANTED  :  "  CAN  HE  WHO  GAMES 
HAVE  FEELING,"  ETC.  (2nd  S.  ix.  25.)  —  The  lines 
are  from  Sheridan  Knowles's  comedy  of  Old 
Maids,  Act  III.  Sc.  2.  F.  L. 

THE  LIVERY  COLLAR  OF  SCOTLAND  (2nd  S.  ix. 
341.)  —  In  the  will  of  Alexander  de  Sutherland  of 
Dumbethe,  made  in  1456  at  Roslin,  the  castle  of 
his  son-in-law  William,  Earl  of  Caithness  and 
Orkney,  is  this  bequest :  — 

"  Item,  I  gif  and  leive  my  sylar  eolar  to  Sir  Gilbert  the 
Have,  and  he  to  s&y  for  my  soul  ten  Psalters." —  Preface 
to  The  Bonke  of  the  Order'of  Knyghthood,  printed  for  the 
Abbotsford  Club,  1847,  p.  xxviii. 

Of  what  nature  is  this  "silver  collar"  likely  to 
have  been?  Can.it  have  been  one  of  the  livery 
collars  of  Scotland  for  which  I  before  inquired  ? 

J.  G.  NICHOLS. 

CHALK  DRAWING  (2nd  S.  ix.  123.  206.)  — The 
Dutch  quotation  is  from  p.  12.  of  Rau's  trans- 
lation of  the  Philoktetes,  Amsterdam,  1855,  and 
the  agreement  of  the  pages  makes  it  highly  pro- 
bable that  the  drawing  was  intended  to  illustrate 
that  work.  F. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

A  Catalogue  of  the  Library  of  the  Corporation  of  London, 
instituted  in  the  Year  1824 :  with  an  Alphabetical  List  of 
Authors  Annexed.  Printed  for  the  use  of  the  Members 
of  the  Corporation  of  the  City  of  London.  1859.  8vo. 

The  first  library  at  Guildhall  was  founded  by  the  exe- 
cutors of  Richard  Whittington  and  William  Bury  in  the 
early  part  of  the  fourteenth  century,  and  no  doubt  con- 
tained many  valuable  works.  To  this  library  John  Car- 
penter, Town  Clerk,  A.D.1441,  gave  several  works :— "  I  will 
and  bequeath  that  those  books  be  placed  by  my  execu- 
tors, and  chained  in  that  library,  under  such  form  that 
the  visitors  and  students  thereof  may  be  the  sooner  ad- 
monished to  pray  for  in}'  soul."  Stow,  with  artless  sim- 
plicity, has  recorded  the  fate  of  this  collection.  He  says, 
1  The  books  were,  in  the  reign  of  Edward  VI.  sent  for  by 
Edward  Duke  of,  Somerset,  Lord  Protector,  with  promise 
to  be  restored  shortly.  Men  hided  from  thence  three 
carries  [carts]  with  them;  but  they  were  never  re- 


turned ! "  On  the  2nd  of  June,  1824,  the  Corporation 
established  the  present  library,  and  voted  500/.  as  an 
outfit,  and  200/.  per  annum  for  the  purchase  of  books. 
In  1828,  was  published  A  Catalogue  of  the  books,  —  a  copy 
of  which  now  before  us  contains  the  book-plate  of  that 
distinguished  genealogist,  Sir  Nicholas  Harris  Nicolas. 
Since  this  Catalogue  was  printed  numerous  and  valuable 
additions  have  been  made  to  the  library  in  topography 
and  county  histories  as  well  as  in  antiquities  and  bio- 
j  graphy,  and  it  is  enriched  with  a  choice  collection  of  950 
original  Royal  proclamations,  published  by  King  Charles 
I.,  the  Parliament,  the  Protector,  Charles  II.,  James  II., 
and  William  III.  Mr.  Philip  Salamons  munificently 
presented  to  it  about  400  volumes  of  Hebrew  and  Rab- 
binical literature.  The  library  at  present  contains  upwards 
of  25,000  volumes.  The  Catalogue  recently  published  is 
classified  on  the  plan  of  that  of  1828 ;  but  contains  in 
addition  a  valuable  Index  of  names,  compiled  by  its  ex- 
cellent sub-librarian,  Mr.  William  Henry  Overall ;  and  is 
altogether  highly  creditable  to  the  Library  Committee. 

An  Alphabetical  Dictionary  of  Coats  of  Arms,  8fc.t 
forming  an  Extensive  Ordinary  of  British  Armorials  upon 
an  entirely  New  Plan.  By  John  W.  Papworth,  F  R.S., 
B.A.  Part  IV.  (Published  by  the  Author,  14A.  Great 
Marlborough  Street.) 

We  are  glad  to  find,  as  we  do  by  the  publication  of  this 
Fourth  Part  of  Mr.  Papworth's  most  useful  work,  that  it 
is  getting  better  known,  and  that  his  List  of  Subscribers 
is  increasing.  Our  columns  show  week  after  week  how 
great  is  the  desire  to  know  the  names  of  the  families  to 
whom  arms  found  upon  plate,  seals,  brasses,  monuments, 
painted  glass,  &c.  are  to  be  attributed.  When  Mr.  Pap- 
worth's  work  is  completed,  the  task  of  identifying  these 
will  in  most  cases  be  a  comparatively  easj'one.  It  should 
be  in  the  hands  of  all  students  of  genealogy  and  family 
history,  and  we  trust  that  with  the  publication  of  every 
additional  part  the  Author  will  procure  additional  Sub- 
scribers. 

Art  Impressions  of  Dresden,  Berlin,  and  Antwerp,  with 
Selections  from  the  Galleries.  By  William  Noy  Wilkins, 
Author  of  Letters  on  Connoisseurship,  fyc.  (Bentley.) 

Mr.  Williams  holds  that  the  want  among  Art  students 
at  the  present  day  is  not  Art  knowledge,  but  the  knowledge 
and  appreciation  of  Nature ;  and  he  contends  that  Art  is 
more  written  about  than  understood,  —  a  fact  which  few 
will  attempt  to  gainsay.  The  present  volume  contains 
the  impressions  made  upon  him  when  visiting  the  Art 
Collections  of  Dresden,  Berlin,  and  Antwerp,  unaided  by 
friends,  guide  books,  catalogues,  or  critical  notices,  and  the 
result  is  a  loving  recognition  of  the  merits  of  the  best 
works  therein,  which  all  about  to  visit  those  treasuries  of 
pictorial  beauty  will  find  a  pleasant  and  instructive  com- 
panion. 

A  Dictionary  of  Modern  Slang,  Cant,  and  Vulgar  Words, 
Sfc.,  preceded  by  a  History  of  Cant  and  Vulgar  Language ; 
with  Glossaries  of  Two  Secret  Languages,  spoken  by  the 
Wandering  Tribes  of  London,  fyc.  By  a  London  Anti- 
quary. Second  Edition,  revised,  with  Two  Thousand  Ad- 
ditional Words.  (Hotten.) 

The  present  edition  is  distinguished  from  its  predeces- 
sor (which  was  entirely  sold  within  a  very  few  weeks 
after  its  publication)  by  being  entirely  rewritten,  and 
by  an  addition  of  some  two  thousand  words  to  the  Glos- 
sary. The  subject  is  a  curious  and  interesting  one,  even 
in  other  than  a  philological  point  of  view ;  and  we  have 
in  this  little  book  an  opportunity  of  investigating  the 
nature  of  cant  and  slang  without  being  offended  by  the 
grossness  and  indecency  generally  inseparable  from  the 
subject  — all  objectionable  words  being  carefully  ex: 
eluded  from  the  present  collection. 


416 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


S.  IX.  MAY  26.  '60. 


BOOKS  RECEIVED  :  — 

Memoirs,  Journal,  and  Correspondence  of  Thomas  Moore. 
Edited,  and  abridged  from  the  First  Edition,  by  the  Right 
Hon.  Lord  John  Russell.  Parts  IV.  and  V.  (Longman.) 

These  two  new  Parts  of  "The  People's  Edition"  of 
this  amusing  work  comprise  the  portion  of  the  poet's 
Life  between  Dec.  1819  and  October  1825,  and  is  illus- 
trated with  portraits  of  his  friends,  Lord  Lansdowne  and 
Sir  John  Stevenson. 

The  Old  Dramatists.  Ben  Jonson's  Works,  with  a  Bio- 
yraphical  Memoir  by  William  Gifford.  Part  I. 

The  Old  Poets.  Edmund  Spenser's  Poetical  Works, 
with  a  -Sketch  of  his  Life.  By  the  Rev.  H.  J.  Todd,  M.A. 
Parti.  (Rou'tledge.) 

We  have  here  the  First  Numbers  of  two  new  serials, 
undertaken  by  Messrs,  Routledge  for  the  purpose  of 
placing  in  the"  hands  of  the  reading  world  well  printed, 
but  low-priced  editions,  of  our  old  Poets  and  Dramatists  ; 
rare  Ben  Jonson  and  gorgeous  Edmund  Spenser  will  thus 
be  carried  into  hundreds  of  households  which  hitherto 
have  onlv  known  their  names. 

The  Ulster  Journal  of  Archaeology.  Part  XXIX. 
(Belfast,  Archer  cSc  Son;  London,  J.  Russell  Smith.) 

This  admirable  provincial  Journal  of  Archaeology  keeps 
up  its  high  character.  The  present  number  contains  a 
most  remarkable  and  interesting  paper  by  Mr.  Clebborn, 
the  Curator  of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy,  on  the  Gold 
Antiquities  found  in  Ireland. 

The  valuable  Water-colour  Collection  of  Paintings  pre- 
sented to  the  Nation  by  Mrs.  Ellison,  has  now  been  de- 


posited in  the  South  Kensington  Museum,  and  will  be 
first  exhibited  to  the  public  on.  Saturday  next. 


BOOKS     AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

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the  present  time. 

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Among  other  Papers  of  interest  which  ivill  appear  in  our  next  number 
will  be  n  series  of  Anecdotes  of  Books  and  Jien,  by  E'Hoartl  Hurley, 
Earl  of  Oxford,  the  founder  of  the  well-Known  JJarleian  Collection  in  the 
British  JftMMtM. 

HERALDICUS  is  thanked  for  his  communication,  which  has  been  for' 
warded  to  the  Querist. 

SIOMA-THKTA.  The  letter  has  been  mislaid,  but  shall  be  forwarded  as 
soon  an  found, 

T.  Mr.  Thomas  Byerlcy  and  Mr,  Joseph  Clinton  Robertson  irere  the 
compilers  of  The  Percy  Anecdotes.  See  "  N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  vii.  214. 

RP.NRX  had  belter  nubmit  a  description  if  his  "  Curious  and  ancient 
JSHile"  to  Geo.  Qffbr,  E~q.,  Grove  Street,  Hackney,  N.E. 

ERRATUM.  _ 2nd  8.  ix.  p.  395.  col.  i.  1.  14.  for  " 6wa/j,evof  "  read "  <5v- 

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NOTES  AND  QUEBIES. 


UNITED   KINGDOM 
LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  S.W. 

The  Hon.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 

CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  Esq.,  Deputy  Chairman. 

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diate application.  There  have  alreadv  been  three  divisions  of  prohts, 
and  the  bonuses  divided  have  averaged  nearly  2  per  cent,  per  annum  on 
the  sums  assured,  or  from  30  to  100  per  cent,  on  the  premiums  p^id, 
without  imparting  to  the  recipients  the  risk  of  copartnership,  as  is  the 
case  in  mutual  societies. 

To  show  more  clearly  what  these  bonuses  amount  to,  three  following 
cases  are  put  forth  as  examples  : 

Sum  Insured.        Bonuses  added.        Amount  payable  up  to  Deo.,  1854. 
JE5.000  £1,987  10s.  46.987  10s. 

1,000  397  I  "5.  1,397  10». 

100  39  15s.  139  155. 

Notwithstanding  these  larsre  additions,  the  premiums  are  on  the 
lowest  scale  compatible  with  security  for  the  payment  ot  the  policy  when 
death  arises;  in  addition  to  which  advantages,  one  half  of  the  annual 
premiums  may,  it'de-ired,  for  the  term  of  five  y*-ars.  remain  unpaid  at 
5  per  cent,  interest,  the  other  half  being  advanced  by  the  company  with- 
outsecurity  or  deposit  of  the  policy. 

The  Assets  of  the  Company  at  the  31st  December,  1P58,  amounted 
to*!j52,>;i8  }s.  \M..  ail  of  which  has  been  invested  in  Government  and 
other  approved  securities. 

No  charge  for  Volunteer  Military  Corps  whilst  serving  in  the  United 
Kingdom. 

Policy  Stamps  paid  by  the  Office. 

Immediate  application  should  be  made  to  the  Resident  Director,  8. 
Waterloo  Place,  Pall  Mail—By  order, 

P.  MACINTYRE,  Secretary. 


w 


ESTEKfl     LIKE     ASSURANCE    AND 

ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON, S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1843. 


H.  E.  Bicknell.EgQ. 

T.  8.  Cor.kn.  Big. 

G.  H.  Urew.Esq.M.A. 

W.  Freeman, E»q. 

F.  Fuller.  Esq. 

J.  U.  Goodhart.Esq.. 


Directors. 


E.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Marson,Esq. 
A.  Robinson,  Esq. 
J .  L.  Seager,  Esq . 
J.B.White.Eaq. 


Physician.- Vf.  R.  Baaham,  M.D. 

—  Messrs.  Cocks,  Biddulph.andCo. 
Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  this  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  paying  a  Premium,  a*  permission  is  given 'upon 
application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  (he  con- 
ditions-letailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

LOANS  from  100J.  to  sooi.  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 
Security. 

Attention  is  also  invited  to  t V-e  rateg  of  annuity  granted  to  old  lives, 
for  which,  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 
Example :  100,'.  cash  paid  down  purchases— An  annuity  of — 
£  «.  d. 
1  •   4   o  to  a  male  life  aged  60) 

„  65 1  Payable  as  long 

14  16   3  7of    asheisalive. 

18  11  10  7,'J 


MR. 


Now  ready,  10th  Edition,  price  7».  6d.,  of 

SCRATCHLEY'S     MANUAL, 


on 


RIENDLY  SOCIETIES,  with  RULES,  TABLES,  and  an  EXPO- 
SITION of  the  TEUE  LAW  OF  SICKNESS. 

SHAW  &  SONS,  Fetter  Lane  5  and  LAYTONS,  150.  Fleet  Street,  E.C. 

PARTRIDGE   &.    COZENS 

Is   the   CHEAPEST    HOUSE    in   the    Trade   for 

PAPEK  and  ENVELOPES,  &c.    Useful  Cream-laid  Note,  5  Quires 

1'hick  ditto,  j  Quires  for  l«.    Super  Cream-laid  Enve- 

>../.  per   100.    Sermon  Paper,  48.,  Straw  Paper,  2s.  6d..  Foolscap, 

id,  j.er  lleam.     Manuscript  Paper,  3d.  per  Quire.    India  Note,  5 

Quires    for  1*.   Black  bordered  Note,  5  Quires  for   U.     Copy  Books 

i  set).  t*.  8d.  per  dozen.    P.  &  C.'s  Law  Pen  (as  flexible  as  the 

».  perifross. 

./«  for  Stamping  A  mu.  Crests,  4-c.  from  own  Dies. 
Catatoguvt  PostFr$e;  Orders  over  ao*.  Carriage  paid. 

Copy  Address,  PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS, 
Manufacturing  Stationers :  1 .  Chancery  Lane,  and  192.  Fleet  St.  E.C. 


pLERGY  MUTUAL  ASSURANCE  SOCIETY, 

\J  3.  Broad  Sanctuary,  Westminster. 

Patrons—  The  Archbishops  of  CANTERBURY  and  YORK. 

Trustees  — The  Bishops  of  London  and  Winchester,  the  Dean  of  West- 
minster, and  the  Archdeacon  of  Maidstone. 

Council  of  Reference  — The  Archbishops,  and  Bishops  of  London,  Dur- 
ham and  Wincheeter. 

Chairman  of  Directors—  The  Archdeacon  of  LONDON. 
Deputy  Chairman  —  F.  L.  WOLL ASTON, Esq.,  M.A. 

The  present  amouc  t  assured  upon  life  exceeds  3,000,000?. 

The  invested  capital  is  upwards  of  940,OOOZ. 

The  annual  income  is  upwards  of  120,0007. 

Clergymen,  and  the  wives,  widows,  sons,  and  daughters  of  clergymen, 
and  the  near  relations  of  clergymen,  and  the  near  relations  of  the 
wives  i.f  clergymen,  are  qualified  to  effect  assurances  upon  their  lives 
in  this  Society  to  any  amount  not  exceeding  .'>000/.  The  rates  of  pie- 
mium  are  moderate  :  there  are  no  proprietors  to  share  in  the  profits, the 
whole  of  the  surplui  c-ipital,  asaigned  every  fifth  year,  being  appro- 
priated to  the  assured  members. 

The  next  bonus  will  be  in  the  year  1861. 

Assurances  upon  life  may  be  made  in  this  Society  upon  payment  of 
reduced  annual  premiums,  viz.,  upon  payment  of  four-fifths  of  the 
rates  chargeable,  one-fifth  remaining  in  arrear,  to  be  paid  off  from  time 
to  time  by  bonus. 

Prospectuses  and  forms  of  apnlication  for  assurances  may  be  obtained 
at  the  office;  or  by  letter  to  the  Secretary. 

JOHN  HODGSON,  M.A.,  Sec. 


THE  AQUARIUM.— LLOYD'S  DESCRIPTIVE 
and  ILLUSTRATED  LIST  of  whatever  relates  to  the  AQUA- 
RIUM, is  now  ready,  price  Is.;  or  by  Post  for  Fourteen  Stamps.    128 
Pages,  and  87  Woodcuts. 

W.  ALFORD  LLOYD,  19,20,  and  20  A.  Portland  Road,  Regent's 
Park. London.  W. 


PATENT    STARCH, 
USED  IN  THE  ROYAL  LAUNDRY, 

AND  PRONOUNCEP  BY  HER  MAJESTY'S  LAUNDRESS,  TO  B> 
THE  FINEST  STARCH  SHE  EVKR  USED. 

Sold  by  all  Chandlers,  Grocers,  &c.  so. 
WOTHEHSPOON  &  CO.,  GLASGOW  &  LONDON. 

BROWN  &  POLSON'S 

PATENT   CORN   FLOUR, 

The  Lancet  States, 
"  THIS  is  SUPERIOR  TO  ANYTHING  OF  THE  KIND  KNOWN." 

The  most  wholesome  part  of  the  best  Indinn  Corn,  prepared  by  a  pro- 
cess Patented  for  the  Three  Kingdoms  and  France,  and  wherever  it 
becomes  known  obtains  great  favour  for  Puddmsjs,  Custards,  Blanc- 
manse  ;  all  the  uses  of  the  finest  arrow  root,  and  especially  suited  to 
the  delicacy  of  Children  and  Invalids  :  — 

BROWN  &  POLSON, 

Manufacturers  to  Her  Majesty  the  Queen  : 

PAISLEY,  MANCHESTER,  DUBLIN,  and  LONDON. 


REDUCTION  OF  DUTY. 

M  EDGES  &  BUTLER,  having  reduced  the  prices 
of  their  WINES  in  accordance  with  the  new  Tariff,  are  now 
ng  capital  dinner  Sherry,  24s.,  80s.,  and  36s.  per  dozen  ;  high  class 
pale,  golden,  anrtbrowu  Sherry,  42s.,  48s..  and  5ls — Good  Port,  30s.  and 

36s — Fine  old  Port,  42s.,  48s.,  51s.,  60s Pure  St.-Julien  Claret,  24s.  and 

30s. —Very  superior  ditto,  36s._ La  Rose,  36s.,  42s.  — Finest  growth 
Clarets  60s.,  72s.,  84s._Chablis,  36s.,  48s— Red  and  White  Burgundy, 

36s. ,  48s.  to  84s Champagne,  42s.,  54s.,  60s.,  72s Hock  and  Moselle, 

36s.,  48s..,  60s.  to  120s — East  India  Madeira,  Imperial  Tokay,  Vermuth, 
Frontignac,  Constantia,  and  every  other  description  of  Wine  —Fine 
old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  dozen.— Schiedam  Hollands, 
Marischino,  Curasao,  Cherry  Brandy,  &c.  On  receipt  of  a  Post-office 
order  or  reference,  any  quantity,  with  a  Price-list  of  all  other  wines, 
will  be  forwarded  immediately  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

WINE  MERCHANTS,  &c. 
155,  REGENT  STREfcT,  LONDON.W. 

and  30.  King's  road,  Brighton. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 


VXWO   VERMUTH. 

A.  delicious   Tonic  Wine,  finest  imported. 

In  Original  Bottles  and  Cases  -       -       -      -    26s.  per  dozen. 

Good  Dinner  Claret  ------    20s.       „ 

Sherry  ------    26s.       ., 

Excellent  Sparkling  Epemay  Champagne     -    32s.       „ 
JAMES  L.  DENMAN, 

65.  Fenchurch  Street,  E.G. 
N.B.  Detailed  Price  Lists  of  Wines,  Spirits,  and  Liqueurs  Post  Free. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  MAY  26.  '60. 


Just  Published,  Demy  8vo.,  price  12s.f 

THE    CHEYALIEHS:    A    TALE. 

WITH  A  TRUE  ACCOUNT  OF  AN  AMERICAN  REVIVAL. 

By  MARIA  LOUISA  BIRKINSHAW. 

London  :  SIMPKIN,  MARSHALL,  &  CO.,  Stationers'  Hall  Court,  E.C. 

MB.  LESLIE'S  PERSONAL  REMINISCENCES, 

Next  Week,  with  Portrait  of  the  Author,  2  Vols.  Post  8vo. 

AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL    RECOLLECTIONS. 

BY  THE  LATE  CHARLES  ROBERT  LESLIE,  R.A., 

With  a  PREFATORY  ESSAY,  including  EXTRACTS  from  his  CORRESPONDENCE  with  WASHINGTON  IRVING, 

and  other  Friends. 

BY  TOM   TAYLOR,  ESQ. 
JOHN  MURRAY,  ALBEMARLE  STREET,  W. 


Uniform  with  "  Iiife  of  Bishop  Ken." 

This  Day,  with  Portrait,  8vo.,  10s.  6rf. 

EMOIRS  OF  THE    LIFE  AND  TIMES    OF 


IT  A  ROBERT  NELSON,  Author  of  the  "  Companion  to  the  Festivals 
and  Fasts  of  the  Church."  By  the  REV.  C.  F.  SECRETAN,  M.A., 
Incumbent  of  Holy  Trinity,  Westminster. 

"  Considering  the  place  Robert  Nelson  occupies  among  English 
worthies,  it  is  surprising  that  he  has  not  sooner  found  a  biographer. 
We  may  safely  compliment  Mr.  Secretan  on  his  tact  and  skill."  —  Li- 
terary Churchman. 

"Mr.  Secretan'e  biography  is  worthy  to  take  its  place  by  the  side 
of  those  which  old  Izaak  Walton  has  left  us,  and  Nelson  was  just  such 
a  character  as  Izaak  Walton  would  have  loved  to  delineate."  —  John 
Bull. 

"Mr.  Secretan  has  done  Churchmen  service  by  this  excellent  com- 
panion volume  to  Mr.  Anderdon's  Life  of  Ken.  The  work  is  well  and 
carefully  done  as  a  whole,  and  is  written  with  aright  spirit  and  in  a  fair 
and  sensible  tone."  —  Guardian. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street,  W. 

Completion  of  "  Rawlinson's  Herodotus." 

Now  Ready,  with  Maps  and  Woodcuts,  the  4th  and  concluding 
Volume  of 

THE    HISTORY    OF   HERODOTUS  ;    A    NEW 
ENOMSH  VERSION,  FROM    THE  TEXT  OF   GAISFORD.     Edited  with 
copious  notes  and  essays,  historical  and  ethnographical,  by  the  REV. 
GEORGE    RAWLINSON,  M. A.,  assisted  by  SIR  HENRY  RAWLINSON, 
K.C.B.,  and  SIR  J.  G.  WILKINSON,  F.R.S. 

"Worthy  to  take  rank  in  its  own  kind  with  the  works  of  Thirlwall, 
and  Grote,  and  Mure,  and  Gladstone.  And  let  it  be  said,  once  for  all, 
that  the  book  is  a  great  book."  —  Guardian. 

"We  have  no  doubt  that  Mr.  RawlinsonV  Herodotus'  will  be  the 
greatest  work  which  British  scholarship  has  perhaps  ever  produced." 
—  Dublin  University  Magazine. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street,  W- 


Ary  Scneffer. 

Now  Ready,  with  Portrait,  8vo.,  8s.  &d. 

MEMOIR    OF    THE    LIFE    OF    THE    LATE 
ARY  SCHEFFER.    By  MRS.  GROTE. 

"  This  is  the  work  of  a  steady  pen  in  a  sure  hand.  There  is  the  care- 
fulness of  a  true  literary  artist  in  this  Memoir.  We  could  linger  wil- 
lingly over  the  book." — Athenaeum. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street, W. 


The  French  Invasion  of  Russia. 

Now  Ready,  with  Plans,  8vo.,15*. 

THE  SECRET  HISTORY  OF  EVENTS  DURING 
THE  FRENCH  INVASION  OF  RCSSIA,  AND  RRTREAT  OF  THE  FRENCH 
ARMY,  IN  1812.    By   GENERAL  SIK,  ROBERT  WILSON,  K.M.T., 
British  Commissioner  at  Head  Quarters  of  the  Russian  Army. 

"  Sir  Robert  Wilson  was  with  the  Russian  Army  in  1812,  and  was 
treated  confidentially  by  the  Emperor  Alexander;  he  nee  he  was  able  to 


give  a  history  of  the  French  Invasion  of  fiussia,  which  may  be  advan- 
tageously read  after  the  narratives  of  Labaume,  Segur.  andotheis. 


It 


is  the  work  of  a  soldier  and  a  gentleman,  who  felt  bound  to  record 
many  things  that  reflect  deep  disgrace  on  many  of  the  actors  in  that 
memorable  campaign,  and  that  is  the  reason  of  its  publication  having 
been  so  long  delayed."  —  Literary  Churchman. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street,  W. 

Uniform  with  Hallam's  History  of 
literature. 

Just  Ready,  One  Volume,  8vo. 

A   HISTORY   OF    FLEMISH   LITERATURE, 
AND  ITS    CELEBRATED   AUTHORS.    FROM   THE   12iH   CENTURY   TO 
THE  PRESENT  TIME.    By  OCTAVE  DELEPIERRE. 

"  Mr.  Hallam  in  his  introduction  to  '  The  Literature  of  Europe1  has 
in  a  great  measure  overlooked  Dutch  authors,  quoting  only  a  few 
names  of  European  celebrity,  of  comparatively  recent  times,  and  he 
has  altogether  omitted  Flemish  writers  and  their  works.  The  well- 
merited  fame  of  his  book,  and  its  great  authority,  suggested  to  me  the 
idea  of  making  up  in  some  degree  for  this  omission,  and  of  giving  to 
the  English  public  a  sketch  of  these  neglected  authors."  —  Author 's 
Preface. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street,  W. 

Mr.  Scott's  Work  on  Gothic  Architecture. 

Now  Ready,  2nd  Edition,  8vo.,  9«. 

1  -OEMARKS  ON  SECULAR  AND   DOMESTIC 

I   JLii    ARCHITECTURE,  Present  and  Future.     By  G.  GILBERT 
i  SCOTT,  A.R.A. 

"  Gothic  architecture  no  one  could  well  deny  to  be  our  national  style, 
but  the  lurther  question  as  to  its  capability  of  adaptation  to  modern 
requirements^  is  one  that  may  well  demand  consideration.  Mr.  Scott 
enters  fully  into  this  part  of  his  subject.  No  class  tf  building  escapes 
his  attention,  no  detail,  however  insignificant,  but  is  brought  under 
notice."— Literary  Churchman. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street,  W. 


Printed  by  GZOROE  ANDREW  SPOTTISWOODE,  of  No.  10.  Little  New  Street,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  City  of  London,  at  No. 5.  New-street 
Square,  in  the  said  Parish,  and  published  by  GEORC-B  BELL,  of  No.  186.  Fleet  Street,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Dunstan  in  the  West,  in  the  City  of 
London,  Publisher.at  No.  186.  Fleet  Street, aforesaid.  —  Saturday,  May  26,  1860. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

A   MEDIUM   OF   INTER-COMMUNICATION 

FOB 

LITERARY   MEN,   ARTISTS,   ANTIQUARIES,    GENEALOGISTS,   ETC. 


"When  found,  make  a  note  of." — CAPTAIN  CUTTLE. 


No.  231.] 


SATUKDAY,  JUNE  2.  1860. 


("Price  Fourpence. 

I  Stamped  Edition,  Sd. 


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6  P.M.  Admission  according  to  the  usual  Rules. 

By  order  of  the  Committee  of  Council  on  Education. 

RASEH'S     MAGAZINE    FOR    JUNE,    1860, 

2s.  6d. 

CONTAINS : — 

Physical  Theories  of  the  Phenomena  of  Life.    By  William  Hopkins, 

A  Reverie  after  reading  Miss  Nightingale's  "  Notes  on  Nursing." 
Gryll  Grange.    By  the  Author  of  "  Headlong  Hall."    Chapters  XII.  to 

Suggestions  for  the  Improvement  of  the  Reading  Department  in  the 

British  Museum.    By  James  Spedding. 
Self- Help. 

Concerning  Growing  Old.    By  A.  K.  H.  B. 
Wheat  and  Tares.    A  Tale.    Part  VI. 
A  Raid  among  the  Rhymers.    By  Shirley. 
Difficulties  of  Political  Prophecy. 

The  Literary  Suburb  of  the  Eighteenth  Century—Part  V. 
Life  at  Nice. 
The  Rochdale  Pioneers. 
The  Exhibitions  of  I860. 

London  :  JOHN  W.  PARKER  &  SON,  West  Strand,  W.C. 

THE  GENTLEMAN'S   MAGAZINE   for  JUNE 
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Roman  History  from  Coins. 
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an  Engraving). 
Original  Documents  :  A  Bedfordshire  Conveyance,  1311 ;  Muster  Roll  of 

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Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 
Correspondence:  Restoration  of  Waltham  Abbey  Church ;  St.  Duilech's, 

&c. 

Historical  and  Miscellaneous  Reviews. 
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London:  J.  H.  &  JAS.  PARKER,  377-  Strand,  W.C. 

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CONTENTS  OP  NUMBER  XL  :  — 

THE  HEAVENLY  SYMBOL  OF  HUMAN  KNOWLEDGE.    BY 
SHIRLEY  HIBBERD. 

SPONGE  HUNTING  IN  HOLY  ISLAND  AND  BERWICK  BAYS. 
BY  W.  WALLACE  FYFE. 

NOTES  ON  A  FEW  RIVER  FISHES.    BY  W.  C.  L.  MARTIN. 

PLASTER  MEDALLIONS  IN  IMITATION  OF  WAX.     BY  AL- 
BERT GRAVES. 

THE  LIFE  OF  A  CLOUD.    BY  J.  J.  FOX. 

TOTAL  ECLIPSE  OF  JULY  18,  1860.    BY  E.  J.  LOWE. 

THE    EARLIEST    COINAGE     OF    BRITAIN.     BY    H.  NOEL 
HUMPHREYS. 

COLLECTING  AND  PRESERVING  BIRDS'  EGGS.    BY  HENRY 
J.  BELLARS. 

METEOROLOGY  AND  ASTRONOMICAL  OBSERVATIONS  FOR 

THINGS  OF  THE  SEASON  JUNE. 

MR.   NOTEWORTHY'S    CORNER: —Do   Bees  make   Hexagonal 
Cells  ?  _  Is  the  Moon  heated  by  the  Sun  ?  —  Studies  of  Arachnidse. 

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OVINGDEAN     GRANGE: 

A  TALE  OF  THE  SOUTH  DOWNS. 
By  W.  HARRISON    AINSWORTH,    ESQ. 

PART  VIII.  — CHARLES  THE  SECOND  AT  OFINODBAN  GHANOE. 
Outremanche  Correspondence.  No.  V.  Penny  Wise  and  Pound  Foolish. 
Marshal  O'Donnell. 
Gnrney ;  or  Two  Fortunes.   A  Tale  of  the  Times.  By  Dudley  Costello. 

Chaps.  XXXIII.  to  XXXV. 
Guy  Villiers  ;  or,  How  the  Major  shot  his  Tiger  and  changed  his  Loves. 

By  Ouida.    In  Five  Chapters. 
A  Lay  of  St.  Stephen's. 
Hero  and  Valet.    By  Moukshood. 
Naples  and  the  Neapolitans. 

London  :  RICHARD  BENTLEY,  New  Burlington  Street,  W. 

T>LACKWOOD'S  MAGAZINE,  for  JUNE,  1860. 

No.DXXXVI.   Price  2*.  6d. 

CONTENTS : 

The  Schoolmaster  at  Home. 
Night. 
Milton. 

Captain  Speke's  Adventures  in  Somali  Land.  —  Part  II. 
Norman  Sinclair.  —  Part  V. 
Scottish  National  Character. 
Domitian  and  the  Turbot. 
Universal  Suffrage  in  Savoy  and  Nice. 
The  Fight  for  the  Belt. 
The  Balance  of  Party. 

WILLIAM  BLACKWOOD  &  SONS,  Edinburgh  and  London. 
Volume  IX.,  price  I*.  6d.,  bound  in  cloth, 

TALES    FROM    "BLACKWOOD," 

CONTAINS  — 

Rosaura  :  a  Tale  of  Madrid. 
Adventure  in  the  North- West  Territory. 
Harry  Bolton's  Curacy. 
The  Florida  Pirate. 
The  Pandour  and  his  Princess. 
The  Beauty  Draught. 

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HPHE  CORNHILL  MAGAZINE,  No.  6. (for  JUNE) 

J.    was  published  on  Tuesday,  the  29th  ult.,  price  Is.,  with  Two  Illus- 
trations. 

CONTENTS : — 

London  the  Stronghold  of  England. 
Lovel  the  Widower.    (With  an  Illustration).    Chapter  VT.-Cecilia's 

Successor. 

The  Maiden's  Lover. 
The  Portent.    II.  The  Omen  Coming  on. 
Studies  in  Animal  Life.    Chap.  VI Conclusion. 


Framley  Parsonage.  (With  an  (Illustration).  Chapter  XVI.  —Mrs. 
Podgens's  Baby  __  Chapter  XVII.  Mrs.  Proudie's  Conversazione. 
—Chapter  XVIII.  The  New  Minister's  Patronage. 


William  Hogarth:  Painter,  Engraver,  and  Philosopher.    Essays  on  the 
Man,  the  Work,  and  the  Time.    V.—  Between  London  and  Sheerness. 
An  Austrian  Employe. 

Sir  Self  and  Womankind.    By  William  Duthie. 
The  Poor  Man's  Kitchen. 
Roundabout  Papers—No.  4.  On  Some  late  Great  Victories. 

London:  SMITH,  ELDER,  &  CO.,  65.  Cornhill,  E.C. 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


IX.  JUNE  2.  '60. 


TWICKENHAM  HOUSE.  —  DR.  DIAMOND 

L  (for  nine  years  Superintendent  to  the  Female  Departnent  of  the 
Surrey  County  Asylum)  has  arranged  the  above  commodious  residence, 
with  its  extensive  grounds,  for  the  reception  of  Ladies  mentally  af- 
flicted who  will  be  under  his  immediate  Superintendence,  and  reside 
with  his  Family.  -Tor  terms,  &c.  apply  to  DR.  DIAMOND,  Twicken-* 
ham  House,  S.W.- 

***  Trains  constantly  pnsa  to  and  from  London,  the  residence  being 
about  five  minutes'  walk  from  the  Station. 

A  LADY  accustomed  to  read  and  copy  Old  Manu- 
scripts at  the  Museum  and  State  Paper  Office,  has  a  portion  of 
time  at  present  unoccupied  which  she  would  be  happy  to  dev9te  to  th  e 
service  of  any  Lady  or  Gentleman  who  may  require  a  Transcriber. 
Address  A.  B.,  13.  Tachbrook  Street,  Warwick  Square,  S.W. 


Her  Majesty's  Concert  Rooms,  Hanover  Square. 

THE  ROYAL  SOCIETY  OF  FEMALE  MUSICIANS, 
Established  1839,  for  the  Belief  of  its  distressed  Members. 

PATRONESS, 
HER  MOST  GRACIOUS  MAJESTY  THE  QUEEN. 

VICE-PATRONESSES, 

HER  ROYAL  HIGHNESS  THE  DUCHESS  OF  KENT, 

HER  ROYAL  HIGHNESS  THE  DUCHESS  OF  CAMBRIDGE. 

On  FRIDAY  EVENING,  JUNE  8, 1860,  will  be  performed,  for  the 

benefit  of  this  Institution,  A  MISCELLANEOUS  CONCERT  of  Vocal 

and  Instrumental  Music. 

VOCAL  PERFORMPRS:— Madlle.  Parepa,  Madame  Rieder,  and  Madame 
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Miss  Emily  Gresham,  and  Miss  Augusta  Thomson;  M.  Jules  Lefort, 
Mr.  "Wilbye  Cooper,  and  Mr.  bantley. 

In  the  course  of  the  Concert, the  London  Glee  and  Madrigal  Union 
will  perform  some  of  their  favourite  Pieces. 

INSTRUMENTALISTS:  —  Pianoforte,  Mr.  W.  G.  Cusins  and  M.Leopold 
de  Meyer.  Piano  Orgue,  Herr  Engel.  Flute,  Mr.  R.  Sidney  Pratien. 
And  the  London  Quintet,  Union,  Messrs.  Willy,  Weslake,  Webb.Pettit, 
and  Reynolds.  The  kind  assistance  of  other  eminent  Artistes  is  ex- 
pected. 

Conductor,  Professor  Sterndale  Bennett,  Mus.  Doc.  The  Doors  will 
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Secretary,  Mr.  J.  W.  HOLLAND,  13.  Macclesfield  Street,  Sohoj  and  at  all 
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RECORDED    IN  THE    HERALDS'  VISITATION    OF    1620, 

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printed  Collections  of  Westcote  and  Pole. 

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JOHN    RUSSELL    SMITH,  36.  Soho  Square. 
N.B.  Part  VI.  will  be  published  June  15th. 

Shortly,  in  8vo., 

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POPULAR  MUSIC  OF  THE  OLDEN  TIME.— 
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which  they  were  Sung,  illustrating  the  National  Music  of  England. 
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carefully  wrought  book."— Athenceum  (2nd  Notice),  Aug.  20, 18W. 

"  From  Mr.  Chappell's  admirable  work,  called '  Popular  Music  of  the 
Olden  Time.'  "  —  Times,  Dec.  13, 1859. 

Published  by  CRAMER  &  CO.,  201.  Regent  Street,  W. 

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ned; Plain  Iron  Bedsteads  for  Servants  ;  every  description  of  Wood 
Bedstead  that  is  manufactured,  in  Mahogany,  Birch,  Walnut  Tree 
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S.  IX.  JUNE  2.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


417 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JUNE  2.  18GO. 


NO.  231.— CONTENTS. 

NOTES :  —  Notes  on  Books  and  Men  by  Edward  Harley 
Earl  of  Oxford,  417  — An  Irish  Tenant  Gala,  421  —  "  The 
Civil  Club,"  422. 

MINOE  NOTES:— A  Heathen  Illustration  of  a  Christian 
Formula  — The  Dutch  Giant  Daniel  Cajanus,  and  the 
Dutch  Dwarf  Simon  Jane  Paap  —  Epigram  on  Marriage  — 
Cromwell  and  the  Mace— Sacheverell  and  Hoadly— Ur- 
chin, 422. 

QUERIES :  —Peter  Basset,  a  Lost  Historian  of  the  Reign  of 
Henry  V.,  424  — Irish  Celebrities:  Garibaldi,  &c.,  /&.- 
Dudley,  Earl  of  Leicester  — Vaticinium  Stultorum:  the 
Talbot  Family  —  Boleyn  and  Hammond —  Mural  Burial  — 
Money  Value  in  1704  — Land  Measure  —  Dublin  Society  — 
Landlord  —  "  Eyelin  "  —  George  II.  Halfpenny  —  Concur  : 
Condog:  Cockeram's  English  Dictionary  —  "  Caledonia  " 

—  Yellow-hammer  — Vant  — A  Father's  Justice  —  Went- 
worth  Lord  Roscommon  —  The  North  Atlantic  Submarine 
Telegraph  —  " Withered   Violets"— "N.  &  Q."  Cuttings 
— Illingworth's  Lancashire  Collections,  425. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWEES:  —  Nathaniel  Hooke— Lord  Nel- 
son and  Lady  Hamilton  — Passage  in  Bede— Laystall— 
Prideaux  —  Asmodeus,  427. 

REPLIES :  —  Excommunication,  428  —  The  "Wit  of  Lane,  430 

—  Tap  Dressing  —  Flambard  Brass  at  Harrow,  431  —  Lewis 
and  Lotska,  432  — An  Essay  on  Afflictions —Dick  Turpin 

—  Judas  Tree  —  Notes  on  Regiments  —  Oliphant  —  "  Rock 
of  Ages"  — William  Robinson  —  Helmsley  — "  The  Throw 
for  Life  or  Death  "  — Exeter  Domesday  —  Poor  Belle  — 
"Miles   d'Hpnneur"  —  Herb    John-in-the-Pot  —  Crab's 
"English,  Irish,  and  Latin  Dictionary"  —Three  Kings  of 
Colon  — Jack,  &c.,  432. 

Notes  on  Books. 


flate*. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  AND  MEN 

BY  EDWARD  HARLEY,  EARL  OF  OXFORD. 

Edward  Harley,  the  second  Earl  of  Oxford, 
was  eminently  distinguished  for  his  disinterested- 
ness both  in  public  and  private  life,  and  re- 
spected as  one  of  the  best  patrons  of  the  age  for 
his  encouragement  of  literature  and  learned  men. 
He  made  a  most  valuable  addition  to  the  rich 
magazine  of  manuscripts  collected  by  the  Lord 
Treasurer,  his  father,  especially  in  the  history  and 
antiquities  of  England,  both  ecclesiastical  and 
civil.  He  obtained  likewise  an  invaluable  trea- 
sure of  original  letters  and  papers  of  state,  written 
by  the  greatest  princes,  statesmen,  and  scholars, 
as  well  of  foreign  nations  as  of  Great  Britain.  His 
printed  books,  reckoned  above  40,000  volumes, 
were  the  most  choice  and  magnificent  that  were 
ever  collected  in  this  kingdom.  These  were  pur- 
chased by  Thomas  Osborne  of  Gray's  Inn  Gate 
for  13,0002. — a  much  less  sum  than  had  been  ex- 
pended on  the  binding  of  a  portion.  The  Earl  de- 
parted this  life  in  his  forty- second  year  at  his  house 
in  Dover  Street,  on  Tuesday,  June  16,  1741,  and 
was  buried  in  Westminster  Abbey.  Just  before  this 
lamented  event,  George  Vertue  had  issued  pro- 
posals for  a  very  valuable  series  of  historic  prints, 
and  had  copied  for  the  Earl  "  Queen  Elizabeth's 
Progress  to  Hunsdon"  in  water-colours,  and  re- 


ceived for  it  a  handsome  present  in  plate.  He 
was  now  at  the  summit  of  his  humble  wishes  ;  but 
his  happiness  was  suddenly  dashed  by  the  loss  of 
his  noble  friend  the  Earl.  "  Death,"  says  he,  em- 
phatically, "put  an  end  to  that  life  that  had  been 
the  support,  cherish er,  and  comfort  of  many, 
many  others,  who  are  left  to  lament  —  but  none 
more  heartily  than  Vertue  ! " 

The  following  bibliographical  notes  in  the  hand- 
writing of  the  Earl  are  in  a  thick  quarto  volume, 
Harl.  MS.  7544,  and  labelled  at  the  back,  "Notes 
on  Biographies,  by  Edward  Harley,  Earl  of  Ox- 
ford." They  are  alphabetically  arranged;  and 
those  books  which  have  no  remarks  on  them,  by 
the  Earl  are  omitted  in  the  subjoined  list. 

ANNESLEY  (Dr.  Samuel).  A  Short  Account  of  Ids  Life, 
with  his  Funeral  Sermon  by  Daniel  Williams,  12mo. 
1697.  Dedicated  to  his  Flock,  as  Dan.  Williams  calls  it. 
John  Dunton  printed  it,  or  rather  it  was  printed  for  him. 
This  John  Dunton  married  Annesley's  daughter,  as  did 
the  Rev.  Samuel  Wesley,  father  of  Samuel  Wesley,  usher 
at  Westminster  School. 

ASHMOLB  (Elias),  Esq.  Memoirs  of  his  Life,  wrote  by 
himself  by  way  of  Diary:  said  to  be  published  by  one 
Charles  Burman,  Esq.,  1717.  Thin,  and  a  very  silly  im- 
pertinent book. 

BATES  (William),  D.D.  His  Funeral  Sermon  preached 
by  John  Howe,  8vo.  1699.  This  Bates  was  by  much  the 
best  man  and  most  gentleman-like  in  his  behaviour  of  all 
that  set  of  men. 

BAXTER  (Richard).  He  wrote  A  Narrative  of  his  own 
Life  and  Times.  This  was  published  in  a  folio  volume  by 
Matthew  Silvester  from  the  original  manuscript.  Lond. 
1696.  In  the  year  1702,  Edmund  Calamy,  Edm.jil  et  ne- 
pos,  as  he  is  pleased  affectedly  to  call  himself,  puts  out  an 
Abridgment  of  Baxter's  History  of  Himself  and  Times,  in 
one  vol.  8vo.,  to  which  he  adds  an  account  of  those  worthy 
ministers  that  were  ejected  after  King  Charles  II.  was 
restored.  He  dedicates  this  work  to  the  Lord  Harting- 
ton.  In  the  year  1713,  he  makes  a  new  edition  of  this 
work,  and  swells  it  to  two  thick  volumes,  8vo. :  the  first 
volume  contains  726  pages,  with  what  he  calls  The  Re- 
formed Liturgy,  which  is  82  pages.  This  is  dedicated  to 
his  old  patron,  who  was  now  become  Duke  of  Devonshire. 
Vol.  II.  contains  chiefly  the  account  of  the  worthy  mi- 
nisters outed  after  the  year  1660 :  pages  864,  with  the 
Index  of  Names. 

In  the  year  1727,  Edmund  Caiamy,  D.D.,  as  he  out  of 
vanity  and  pride  styles  himself,  having  that  title  sent 
him  from  Scotland,  when  some  more  of  that  fraternity 
were  dubbed.  He  publishes  two  vols.  in  8vo.  as  a  farther 
Continuation  of  the  Account  he  had  formerly  published  of 
-he  Dissenters  that  were  ejected  and  silenced  after  the 
Restoration,  1660.  To  this  book  is  prefixed  a  long  Dedi- 
cation to  the  Protestant  Dissenters.  In  this  work  he 
alls  upon  Dr.  John  Walker's  Account  of  the  Sufferings  of 
the  Clergy  of  the  Church  of  England  from  1640  to  1660. 
This  work  is  in  folio,  printed  in  the  year  1714. 

Mr.  Thomas  Long,  B.D.,  one  of  the  prebendaries  of 
St.  Peter's  in  Exeter,  published  in  8vo.  1697,  A  Review 
of  Mr.  Richard  Baxter's  Life,  wherein  many  mistakes  are 
rectified,  some  false  relations  detected.  He  dedicates  it 
to  Jonathan  Trelawnev,  Bishop  of  Exeter. 

In  1696  came  out  "in  12mo.  a  book  called  Vindicice 
Anti-Baxteriance,  or  Some  Animadversions  on  a  Book,  in- 
ituled  Reliquiae  Baxterianas,  or  the  Life  of  Mr.  Richard 
Baxter,  dedicated  to  Mr.  Silvester:  the  author  one 


418 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  JUNE  2.  '60. 


A.  Young.  See  some  MS.  notes  to  my  edition  in 
1696,  wrote  by  the  Earl  of  Oxford.  Some  odd  things 
in  the  book.  In  1703  comes  forth  the  same  book  with 
another  title,  i.  e.  Animadversions  on  Mr.Baxter's  History 
of  his  Life  and  Times.  This  book  is  word  for  word  the 
same  as  the  edition  in  1696.  This  is  a  common  trick 
with  the  booksellers  to  give  a  new  title-page  to  the  same 
book,  and  give  it  the  name  of  a  new  edition.  This  sort  of 
trade  has  been  many  a  guinea  in  Edmund  Curll's  way : 
he  has  carried  this  sort  of  trade  to  a  high  degree  of  im- 
pudence. 

Mr.  Baxter's  Funeral  Sermon  is  preached  by  William 
Bates,  D.D.,  with  some  Short  Account  of  Mr.  Baxter's 
Life,  12mo.  1692,  dedicated  to  that  worthy  knight,  Sir 
Henry  Ashurst.  All  these  books  should  be  read;  you 
see  the  nature  of  those  people. 

BOYLE  (Charles),  Earl  of  Orrery.  His  Life,  published 
by  that  mad  fellow,  Eustace  Budgell,  Esq.,  8vo.  1732 ; 
dedicated  to  the  present  Lord  John.  An  impertinent 
silly  performance. 

BROWNE  (Sir  Thomas),  M.D.  His  Life  prefixed  be- 
fore an  edition  of  his  Posthumous  Works,  printed  for 
Curll,  8vo.  1712.  This  is  a  very  poor  performance,  and 
Very  little  in  it,  except  an  account  of  his  Works. 

BURNYEAT  (John)  of  Cumberland.  An  Account  of 
him,  an  enthusiast  or  madman:  a  Quaker  I  suppose.  The 
book  is  called  Truth  Exalted,  4to.  1691. 

BURRIDGE  (Richard).  An  Account  of  him:  it  is  called 
Religio  Liber  tini,  or  the  Faith  of  a  Converted  Atheist.  He 
was  convicted  of  blasphemy.  'There  is  a  narration  of  his 
Life  drawn  up  by  himself:  it  is  printed  in  a  thin  8vo. 
1712.  It  is  a  very  odd  story,  and  worth  reading. 

CAMDEN  (William).  Gamdeni  Vita,  Scriptore  Thoma 
Smitho  Ecclesiee  Anglican*  Presbytero.  This  is  put 
before  a  Collection  of  Letters  of  Mr.  Camden,  published 
by  the  same  Dr.  Smith,  4to.  1691. 

In  a  Collection  of  Lives,  published  by  William  Bates 
(D.D.  as  he  is  called),  the  Presbyterian  parson,  in  4 to. 
1681,  there  is  a  piece  called  Commemoratio  Yita3  Guil. 
Camdeni,  per  Degor.  Whear,  p.  587. 

There  is  an  account  of  Mr.  Camden's  Life  put  before 
Edmund  Gibson's  edition  of  the  Britannia,  fol.  1695,  in 
English,  dedicated  to  Lord  Sommers,  Lord  Chancellor. 
This  same  life  of  Mr.  Camden,  with  some  alterations,  is 
added  to  the  new  edition  of  the  Britannia,  1722,  by  the 
same  Edmund  Gibson,  now  become  Bishop  of  Lincoln, 
dedicated  to  King  George  I.,  and  subscribes  himself 
Edmund  Lincoln,  and  became  Bishop  of  London  in  1723. 
I  will  only  take  notice  of  the  great  partiality  of  this  worthy 
author.  In  the  Preface  to  the  first  edition  he  men- 
tions Dr.  Charlett,  Master  of  University  College,  with 
great  respect,  as  he  had  many  obligations  to  him,  and 
being  then  at  the  same  university,  Fellow  of  Queen's 
College;  but  this  is  all  left  out  [in  the  second  edition]. 
Gibson  wanted  not  Charlett :  he  was  Bishop  of  Lincoln,  in 
the  high  road  to  preferment,  as  he  is  now  Bishop  of  Lon- 
don, where  he  hopes  not  to  stop.  Poor  honest  Charlett 
died  Master  of  University  College,  no  preferment,  for  lie 
kept  to  the  honest  principles  he  set  out  into  the  world 
with ;  and  Gibson,  for  being  a  turncoat  rascal,  is  Bishop 
of  London.* 

CAREW  (Richard)  of  Anthonie,  in  Cornwall,  Esq.  His 
Life  is  prefixed  to  a  new  edition  of  his  Survey  of  Corn- 
wall, 4to.  1723.  This  Life  is  said  to  be  wrote  by  H.  C., 
Esq.,  but  indeed  wrote  by  Peter  Des  Maizeaux,  then  wri- 


[*  Sir  Robert  Walpole  used  to  call  Bishop  Gibson  his 
Pope,  adding,  "  and  a  very  good  Pope  too." — Coxe.  For 
an  interesting  notice  of  Dr.  Charlett,  by  Dr.  Bliss,  see 
Reliquice  Hearniance,  i.  219.] 


ter  for  Woodman  and  L3ron,  the  two  booksellers  famous 
for  selling  books  at  a  great  rate. 

CARLETON  (Mary),  alias  Mary  Moders,  alias  Mary 
Stedman,  called  the  German  Princess.  Memoir's  of  her 
Life,  by  J.  G.,  12mo.  1673. 

The  Case  of  Madam  Mary  Carleton,  styled  the  German 
Princess.  By  the  said  Mary  Carleton,  12mo.  1663.  She 
was  executed  at  Tyburn,  Jan.  22,  1672-3.  At  the  end  of 
the  year  1732  comes  out  the  Life  of  Mary  Moders,  alias, 
alias,  said  to  be  the  second  edition.  The  meaning  of  print- 
ing this  was  upon  a  story  that  John  Barber,  Mayor  of 
London  that  year,  was  her  natural  son,  got  upon  her  in 
Newgate,  and  bred  up  a  devil  to  a  printing-house ;  but 
as  to  his  birth  it  is  not  so :  the  other  I  believe  is  true, 
that  he  was  born  in  Wales. 

CARTER  (John),  Pastor  of  Bramford  in  Suffolk.  His 
Life,  by  his  son  John  Carter,  12mo.  1653,  called  The 
Tombstone,  or  a  Broken  Imperfect  Monument.  To  this 
is  added,  A  Sermon  preached  at  Norwich,  June  18,  1650, 
by  John  Carter,  called  A  Rare  Sight,  or  the  Lyon.  Old 
Carter's  head  before,  and  some  odd  woodcuts  in  the 
work:  pp.  185. 

CECIL  (William),  Lord  Burleigh.  His  Life,  published 
from  a  manuscript  in  the  Earl  of  Exeter's  library.  By 
Arthur  Collins,  Esq.,  a  broken  bookseller.*  Dedicated  to 
the  Earl  of  Exeter,  by  the  said  Collins.  8vo.  1732. 

CLARKE  (Samuel),  D.D.  Rector  of  St.  James's  church, 
Westminster.  An  account  of  his  Life  and  Writings  by 
Benjamin  [Hoadly]  Bishop  of  Sarum.  This  is  prefixed 
by-way  of  Preface  to  an  edition  of  his  Sermons,  published 
by  his  brother,  John  Clarke,  D.D.,  Dean  of  Sarum,  from 
the  author's  own  manuscripts.  It  makes  10  vols.  8vo. 
1730.  At  the  end  of  the  first  volume  is  a  catalogue  of 
his  works  in  the  order  of  time  that  thejr  were  published. 

On  Aug.  18,  1730,  comes  out  a  book  called  Historical 
Memoirs  of  the  Life  of  Dr.  Samuel  Clarke,  being  a  Supple- 
ment to  l)r.  Sykes's  and  Bishop  Hoadly1  s  Accounts.  By 
William  Whiston,  M.A.  8vo.  This  is  worth  reading,  as 
it  gives  a  true  history  of  that  set  of  men. 

CHILLINGWORTH  (William).  An  Account  of  his  Life 
and  Writings,  8vo.  1725.  This  is  wrote  and  published  by 
P.  Des  Maizeaux,  and  dedicated  to  Peter  King,  when 
Lord  King  and  Lord  High  Chancellor.  This  Des  Mai- 
zeaux is  a  great  man  with  those  that  are  pleased  to  bo 
called  Free-thinkers,  particularly  with  Mr.  Anthony 
Collins,  who  collects  passages  out  of  books  for  their  writ- 
ings. This  Life  is  wrote  to  please  that  set  of  men. 

CONGREVE  (William),  Esq.  Memoirs  of  his  Life  and 
Writings,  8vo.  published  Aug.  1729,  said  to  be  wrote  by 
one  Charles  Wilson,  Esq. ;  but  this  is  a  feigned  name ; 
it  is  wrote  by  one  of  Curll's  scribblers.  His  Will  is  put 
to  it.  He  is"  buried  in  Westminster  Abbey,  at  the  west 
end. 

DONTON  (John),  late  Citizen  of  London.  His  Life  and 
JErrors,written  by  Himself  in  Solitude.  He  has  added  several 
lives  or  accounts  of  people  to  it,  8vo.  1705.  This  John  Dun- 
ton  writes  An  Essay  proving  we  shall  know  our  Friends  in 
Heaven.  This  is  to  the  memory  of  his  wife,  8vo.  1698.  This 
Dunton  is  the  author  of  many  libels.  He  was  the  author  of 
that  libel  published  in  Queen  Anne's  time  called  Neck  or 
Nothing :  the  materials  of  which  he  had,  as  he  has  since 
owned,  from  Thomas  Earl  Wharton  and  Gilbert  Burner, 
that  lying  Scot,  Bishop  of  Salisbury.  This  poor  wretch 
Dunton  had  a  gold  medal  given  him  of  about  the  value 
of  30/.,  which  he  used  to  wear  about  his  neck;  but  neces- 

[*  This  "broken  bookseller"  is  no  other  than  Arthur 
Collins  the  genealogist,  who  has  written  the  best  account 
of  the  Barley  family  in  his  Historical  Collections  of  Noble 
Families,  1752,  fol.] 


2a*  S.  IX.  JUNE  2.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


419 


sity  obliged  him  for  bread  to  pawn  it  now  and  then. 
He  died,  as  I  have  been  informed,  the  beginning  of 
1733. 

EVANS  (Arise).  A  Narration  of  his  Life,  by  Himself, 
12mo.  1652.  An  enthusiastical  fellow.  There  are  several 
of  his  pieces:  some  very  odd  things  in  his  Works. 

FIRMIN  (Thomas).  His  Life  wrote  by  John  Toland, 
8vo.  1698.  The  Life  is  but  short:  there  is  a  Sermon  oc- 
casioned by  his  Death  also ;  an  Account  of  Mr.  Firmin's 
religion,  and  of  the  present  State  of  the  Unitarian  Con- 
troversy. This  fellow  was  a  very  proper  man  to  give  an 
account  of  religion  who  had  none  himself.  In  1699  came 
out  a  Vindication  of  the  Memory  of  the  excellent  and 
charitable  Mr.  Thomas  Firmin  against  Mr.  Luke  Mil- 
bourn,  8vo. 

FLETCHER  (Sir  Robert)  of  Saltoun.  A  Discourse  on 
the  memory  of  that  truly  virtuous  person,  written  by  a 
Gentleman  of  his  acquaintance,  that  is,  that  vile  Scots 
lying  rascal,  Gilbert  Burnet,  then  minister  of  Saltoun  in 
Scotland,  after  that  the  most  unworthy  Bishop  of  Salis- 
bury. Edinb.  12mo.  1665. 

Fox  (Sir  Stephen).  His  Life  is  wrote  by  one  of  the 
tribe  of  the  booksellers'  scribblers,  printed  in  8vo.  1717. 
See  the  Preface.  He  says  he  is  the  same  author  that 
wrote  the  Lives  of  Lord  Halifax,  Dr.  Ratcliff,  and  Dr. 
South.  He  is  in  wrath  to  be  reckoned  one  of  CurlPs 
hacks,  though  he  certainly  is  one,  though  perhaps  not 
to  Curll.  Curll  printed  Dr.  South's  Life. 

FRITH  (Mary),  commonly  called  Mol  Cutpurse.  Her 
Life,  12mo.  1662.  This  is  but  a  poor  performance,  and 
little  truth,  and  less  wit:  a  meer  invention. 

FULLER  (Francis).  His  Funeral  Sermon  preached  by 
Jeremiah  White,  8vo.  1702.  This  Jeremiah  White  was 
a  famous  rascal:  he  was  Oliver  Cromwell's  chaplain,  a 
notorious  hypocrite  and  epicure. 

FULLER  (Thomas).  Abel  Redivivus,  or  the  Dead  yet 
Speaking :  the  Lives  and  Deaths  of  Modern  Divines,  4to. 
1651.  This  is  a  Collection  from  several  Authors  by  that 
wretched  and  unfair  historian  Thomas  Fuller.  The  col- 
lection is  chiefly  of  Englishmen,  some  few  foreigners. 
Few  wrote  by  Fuller :  the  fewer  the  better. 

FULLER  (William),  the  famous  impostor.  His  Life, 
8vo.  1703.  Said  to  be  wrote  by  himself  in  prison,  and 
also  impartially.  The  most  notorious  rascal  of  his  time.* 

HARRINGTON  (James),  Esq.  His  Life,  wrote  by  that 
infamous  rascal,  John  Toland,  prefixed  to  an  edition  of 
Mr.  Harrington's  Oceana,  and  his  other  works,  published 
in  a  large  folio  by  the  said  J.  Toland,  printed  1700, 
with  a  fulsome  Dedication  to  my  Lord  Mayor,  an  im- 
pudent Preface,  a  vain  silly  frontispiece,  all  by  the  same 
Toland. 

HE  YLisr'(Peter),  D.D.  His  Life  wrote  by  George Vernon, 
Rector  of  Bourton-on-the- Water,  in  Gloucestershire,  8vo. 
1682.  This  is  dedicated  by  Mr.  Vernon  to  Henry  Hey- 
lin,  Esq.  of  Minster-Lovel,  nephew,  and  Henry  Heylin, 
Gentleman,  son  to  Dr.  Heylin.  In  the  Preface  to  "this 
Life  he  falls  upon  the  Life  of  Dr.  Heylin,  prefixed  to  a 
Collection  of  Historical  and  Miscellaneous  Tracts  of  Dr. 
Heylin,  folio  1631.  This  occasioned  the  following  book  to 
come  out,  for  in  1683  comes  out  the  book  with  this  title, 
Theologo- Historicus,  or  the  True  Life  of  Peter  Heylyn, 
D.D.,  by  his  son-in-law,  John  Barnard,  D.D.,  Rector  of 

[*  Fuller's  Life  was  written  during  his  confinement  in 
the  Queen's  Bench,  being  an  impartial  account  of  his 
birth,  education,  relations,  and  introductions  to  the  ser- 
vice of  King  James  and  his  Queen :  he  was  the  rival  of 
Titus  Gates,  Fuller  was  led  to  the  pillory  with  unblush- 
ing effrontery,  from  which  he  hardly  escaped  with  his 
life.] 


Waddington,near  Lincoln,  dedicated  to  Nathaniel  (Crewe) 
Lord  Bishop  of  Durham.  And  here  he  falls  upon  Veruon 
for  his  Life  of  his  father-in-law.  This  Life  differs  from 
that  prefixed  to  the  Works  wrote  by  Barnard,  8vo.  1683. 
He  has  prefixed  before  this  what  he  calls  A  Necessary 
Vindication  of  Dr.  Heylin,  and  the  Author  of  the  Life. 
To  this  he  was  provoked  by  Vernon's  Life  of  Heylin. 

HORNECK  (Anthony),  D.D.  His  Life,  wrote  by 
Richard  (Kidder),  Lord  Bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells,  8vo. 
1698.  This  Horneck  had  a  son  a  special  rascal.  See 
notes  on  the  Dunciad. 

JONES  (Inigo).  Some  Memoirs  of  his  Life,  prefixed 
to  his  account  of  Stone-Heng,  published  with  Dr.  Char- 
leton's  and  Mr.  Webb's  pieces  in  large  folio,  1725.  This 
Life  is  but  a  very  poor  performance  by  one  of  Wood- 
man the  bookseller's  scribblers.  The  book  is  printed  by 
Woodman. 

KNOX  (John),  a  very  famous  man,  or  more  truly  to  be 
said,  a  notorious  infamous  man.  His  character  is  well 
known,  and  not  to  be  taken  from  an  Account  of  his  Life, 
prefixed  to  an  edition  of  his  History  of  the  Reformation 
of  Religioun  within  the  Realm  of  Scotland,  fol.  Edinb. 
1733.  A  print  of  him,  round  which  is  Joannes  Cnoxus 
Scotus.-  Who  the  author  of  his  Life  is,  is  not  mentioned ; 
in  the  Preface  it  is  said  Mr.  Robert  Wodrow  assisted  tha 
author  with  man)'  materials. 

LAUD  (Abp.  William).  The  History  of  his  Troubles  and 
Trial,  wrote  by  Himself  during  his  Imprisonment ;  to 
which  is  added,  The  Diary  of  his  own  Life.  Published 
by  Henry  Wharton,  folio,  1695.  In  the  Preface,  which 
should  be  read,  there  is  an  account  of  what  that  rascal 
Prynne  published.  A  second  volume,  which  contains  a 
History  of  his  Chancellorship  of  Oxford,  was  collected  by 
Mr.  Henry  Wharton,  but  he  died  before  it  was  put  to 
the  press.  It  was  published  at  his  request,  by  the  Rev. 
Edmund  Wharton  his  father,  1700.  Mr.  Henry  Wharton 
died  in  March,  1695 :  see  his  epitaph  in  Westminster 
Abbey.  I  have  a  copy  of  the  first  volume,  much  noted 
by  the  pencil  of  Dr.  Robert  South,  out  of  whoso  library  I 
bought  it. 

LAUD  (Abp.  William).  A  Complete  History  of  the 
Commitment,  Charge,  and  Trial  of  Archbishop  Laud. 
This  is  put  out  by  that  impudent  rascal  and  scribbler 
William  Prynne,  under  the  title  of  Canterburies  Doom, 
deputed  to  this  public  service  by  the  House  of  Commons, 
1644.  A  proper  tool  to  be  employed  by  such  a  set  of  vil- 
lains.* 

MAYNWARING  (Arthur),  Esq.  His  Life  wrote  by 
John  Oldmixon,  a  great  scoundrel :  the  performapce  ac? 
cordingly,  8vo.  1715  :  dedicated  to  Robert  Walpole,  Esq. 

MEDE  (Joseph),  B.D.  His  Life,  prefixed  to  an  edition 
of  his  Works  in  folio :  mine  is  said  to  be  the  fourth  edi- 
tion, 1678 :  the  Editor  Dr.  John  Worthington.  It  is  not 
said  by  whom  the  Life  was  wrote.  There  is  an  Appendix 
to  the  Life  by  a  different  hand,  as  I  suppose. 


[*  When  the  Earl  made  this  note,  he  was  probably 
thinking  of  John  Audland's  [Sam.  Butler's]  letter  to 
William  Prynne :  —  "  William  Prynne,  thou  perpetual 
scribe,  pharisee,  and  hypocrite,  born  to  the  destruc-i 
tion  of  paper,  and  most  unchristian  effusion  of  ink; 
thou  Egyptian  taskmaster  of  the  press,  and  unmerciful 
destroyer  of  goose-quills,  thou  dost  plunder  and  strip 
thy  poor  kindred  naked  to  the  skin,  to  maintain  thyself 
in  a  tyrannical  and  arbitrary  way  of  scribbling  against 
thy  brethren,  even  the  Independents  and  Quakers,  over 
whom  thou  settest  up  thyself  as  an  unrighteous  judge; 
for  a  righteous  judge  hath  an  ear  for  both  parties,  and 
thou  hast  none  for  either."  - —  Butler's  Posthumous 
1732,  12mo.  p.  91.] 


420 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  JUNE  2.  '60. 


MONK  (George),  Duke  of  Albemarle.  His  Life  wrote 
by  Thomas  Skinner,  M.D.  This  Life  was  published 
from  the  original  manuscript  by  the  Rev.  William  Web- 
ster, 8vo.  1723.  The  manuscript  is  in  the  Harleian  li- 
brary, and  purchased  of  Mr.  Webster.  There  is  a  very 
large  Preface  wrote  by  the  Editor. 

Moss  (Robert),  D.D.,  Dean  of  Ely.  In  April,  1732, 
4  vols.  of  Dr.  Moss's  Sermons  were  published  in  8vo.  by 
Dr.  Zachariah  Grey.  There  is  a  Preface  giving  some 
account  of  the  Dean.  This  is  wrote  by  the  learned  Dr. 
Snape,  Provost  of  King's  College,  Cambridge,  though  his 
name  be  not  put  to  it. 

MONTAGUE  (Charles),  Earl  of  Halifax.  His  Life 
wrote  by  a  very  indifferent  hand,  even  that  scoundrel 
John  Oldmixon.  Printed  for  Curll,  8vo.  1715. 

OLDFIELD  (Mrs.  Anne),  the  famous  actress.  Memoirs 
of  her  Life,  said  to  be  wrote  by  one  William  Egerton, 
Esq.  (this  is  a  fictitious  name  of  Curll's)  8vo.  1731.  She 
was  buried  in  Westminster  Abbey,  but  the  Dean  would 
not  suffer  the  epitaph  to  be  put  up  that  was  designed. 

OWEN  (John),  D.D.,  Dean  of  Christ  Church  during 
the  Rebellion.  His  Life,  with  an  Account  of  his  Works, 
published  in  1720.  He  died  August  24,  1683.  There  is 
also  his  Funeral  Sermon  preached  by  David  Clarkson, 
B.D.,  sometime  Fellow  of  Clare-Hall,  1720.  This  Owen 
had  a  pension  from  Lord  Clarendon  after  the  Restoration 
to  betray  his  brethren. 

PENNYMAN  (John),  A  Short  Account  of  his  Life,  as  it 
is  called,  but  it  is  a  large  work  with  an  Appendix,  Lon- 
don, 1696,  8vo.  340  pages,  besides  some  papers  and  let- 
ters of  his  wife.  Another  edition  of  this  in  1703.  The 
poor  man  seems  to  be  very  mad.  Compare  these  two 
editions:  there  seems  to  be  a  great  deal  of  additions 
and  an  Appendix.  I  have  also  a  collection  of  papers 
about  the  year  1680,  bound  up  in  quarto,  in  relation  to 
this  John  Pennyman  and  his  wild  proceedings. 

SALISBURY  ("Sally),  the  famous  whore.  Her  Life  by 
Capt.  Charles  Walker.  A  mean  performance,  8vo.  1723". 
Walker,  I  suppose,  is  a  fictitious  name.  It  is  dedicated 
to  Sally.  Her  true  life  would  be  a  great  instance  of  the 
power  vice  has  over  people  of  sense  and  quality,  when 
they  give  way  to  it.  She  stabbed  the  Hon.  John  Finch, 
third  son  of  "Daniel  Earl  of  Nottingham,  for  which  she 
was  put  into  Newgate,  where  she  died. 

SELDEN  (John),  Esq.  His  Life  wrote  in  Latin,  pre- 
fixed to  a  Collection  of  his  Works,  published  in  folio  in 
six  tomes,  1726,  by  a  very  great  scoundrel,  one  David 
Wilkins,  as  he  styles  himself,  S.T.P.,  a  Lambeth  Doctor ; 
a  proper  place  for  such  a  fellow  to  have  a  degree  from, 
for  I  dare  say  no  university  would  give  him  one.  This 

Wilkins  by  birth  is  a . 

SHOVEL  (Sir  Cloudesly).  His  Life  and  Actions 
printed  in  1708,  12mo.  A  very  mean  performance  by 
some  catchpenny  fellow. 

A  Consolatory  Letter  upon  the  Loss  of  Sir  Cloudesly 
Shovel,  and  Sir  John  Narborough,  and  Mr.  James  Nar- 
borough, written  to  my  Lady  Shovel,  by  Mr.  Gilbert  Cro- 
katt,  Rector  of  Crayford,  8vo.  1708.  Sir  John  and  Mr. 
James  were  her  sons  by  Sir  John  Narborough.  Though 
this  is  not  directly  a  life  of  these  persons,  yet  there  is 
some  account  of  them,  and  may  come  in  as  well  into  this 
design  of  mine  as  Funeral  Sermons.  Sir  John  Nar- 
borough and  Mr.  James  were  both  of  Christ  Church  Col- 
lege in  Oxford.  Mr.  James  Narborough  left  500Z.  to  the 
new  building  called  Rockwater.  There  is  an  inscription 
put  up  to  his  memory  in  Christ  Church  cathedral,  on  the 
left  hand  as  you  go  to  the  Latin  Chapel.  It  is  printed  in 
Le  Neve's  Monumenta  Anglicana,  i.  134.  Lady  Shovel 
died  in  April,  1732,  of  a  great  age. 
SHAKSPEARE  (Master  William).  An  Account  of  his 


Life  and  Writings,  collected  and  drawn  up  by  Mr.  Nicho- 
las Rowe.  This  is  prefixed  to  an  edition  of  his  Works, 
published  by  Mr.  Rowe  in  8vo.  1709.  This  Rowe,  a 
general  Editor,  though  he  pretended  to  be  a  poet,  yet  he 
knew  little  of  what  he  was  about,  for  there  never  was  a 
worse  edition.  He  not  only  left  the  errors  that  had  been 
in  other  editions,  but  added  many  more  of  his  own,  with 
most  vile  prints. 

SOMNER  (William).  His  Life  wrote  by  White  Kennett, 
and  prefixed  to  Mr.  Somner's  Treatise  of  the  Roman  Ports 
and  Forts  in  Kent,  Oxford,  1693.  Mr.  James  Brome  was 
the  Editor.  The  Life  is  addressed  to  him  by  Kennett. 
In  1726,  was  published  in  4to.  A  Treatise  of  Gavelkind, 
by  Mr.  Somner,  and  the  Life  of  Mr.  Somner,  which  had 
been  formerly  printed  with  the  Treatise  of  the  Roman 
Ports  and  Forts,  is  added  to  this,  and  said  to  be  revised 
and  enlarged  by  the  said  White  Kennett,  now  become 
Bishop  of  Peterborough.  The  additions  are  marked  with 

SOUTH  (Robert),  D.D.  Memoirs  of  his  Life,  with  his 
Will  annexed,  8vo.  1717,  printed  by  Curll.  This  is  wrote 
by  one  of  Curll's  authors.  This  same  author  wrote  the 
Life  of  Lord  Halifax,  Dr.  Ratcliffe,  and  Sir  Stephen  Fox. 
Three  Sermons  by  Dr.  South  are  also  printed,  and  the 
Oration  which  was  spoke  at  the  Doctor's  funeral.  This 
Oration  was  printed  with  a  very  stupid  and  false  trans- 
lation :  for  this  Curll  was  so  severely  used  by  the  West- 
minster boys :  he  deserved  much  moVe  and  worse  usage.* 

SPENSER  (Edmund).  A  very  short  Account  of  his 
Life:  it  is  called^  Summary  of  his  Life,  and  it  is  really  a 
very  short  one.  It  is  prefixed  to  an  edition  of  his  Works, 
fol.  1679.  In  1715  comes  out  an  edition  of  Spenser's 
Works,  in  6  vols.  8vo.,  dedicated  to  the  Lord  Sommers, 
at  the  time  this  Lord  affected  to  talk  of  Spenser.  He 
had  his  picture  drawn,  and  leans  his  hand  on  the  Spenser 
folio.  This  8vo.  edition  is  put  out  by  Mr.  John  Hughes, 
a  very  ingenious  honest  man.  To  this  is  prefixed  an 
Account  of  the  Life  of  Mr.  Edmund  Spenser,  though  it  is 
larger  than  the  former,  yet  it  still  wants  much  to  be  per- 
fect. Hard  is  the  fate  of  this  truly  great  poet  and  man, 
that  we  know  so  little  of  his  life,  and  have  no  certain 
picture  of  him,  but  in  his  Works.  I  was  told  by  Lord 
Carteret,  that  when  he  was  Lord  Lieutenant  of  Ireland 
in  1724,  a  true  descendant  of  this  Edmund  Spenser,  who 
bore  his  name,  had  a  trial  before  Baron  Hale,  and  he 
knew  so  little  of  the  English  language  that  he  was  forced 
to  have  an  interpreter.  Strange !  f 

STOW  (John).  His  Life  is  wrote  by  Mr.  John  Shype, 
A.M.,  and  prefixed  to  Mr.  Strype's  new,  but  very  mean 
edition  of  John  Stow's  Survey  of  the  Cities  of  London  and 
Westminster,  2  vols.  fol.  1720. 

TEMPLE  (Sir  William).  Memoirs  of  his  Life  and  Ne- 
gotiations, 8vo.  1714.  It  is  long,  above  400  pages.  I 
much  doubt  the  performance. 

TILLOTSON  (John),  Archbishop  of  Canterbmy.  His 
Life,  said  to  be  compiled  from  the  Minutes  of  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Young,  late  Dean  of  Salisbury,  by  F.  H.,  M.A., 
8vo.  1717.  Who  F.  H.  is  I  know  not,  but  the  book  being 
printed  for  Curll,  I  much  suspect  the  author,  besides  what 
appears  from  the  performance.^ 


[*  See  "N.  &  Q."  2"*  S.  ii.  21.  361. 

f  In  the  Antliologia  Hibernica  for  March,  1793,  a  cor- 
respondent says,  "I  have  lately  heard  that  within  a  few 
years  a  lineal  descendant  and  namesake  of  the  celebrated 
Spenser  was  resident  at  Mallow;  that  he  was  in  posses- 
sion of  an  original  portrait  of  the  poet,  which  he  valued 
so  highly  as  to  refuse  500/.  which  had  been  offered  for  it, 
with  many  curious  papers  and  records  concerning  his 
venerable  ancestor." 

This  work,  of  which  there  is  also  an  edition  in  folio, 


2nd  S.  IX.  JUNE  2.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


421 


TROSSK  (George).  His  Life,  wrote  by  himself,  and 
published  according  lo  his  order,  to  which  is  added,  The 
Sermon  preached  at  his  Funeral,  by  J.  H.,  that  is,  Joseph 
Haliet.  It  was  preached  at  Exon,  Jan.  15,  1712-13, 
said  to  be  printed  1713,  to  which  is  added  A  Short  Ac- 
count of  his  Life.  The  Account  of  his  Life,  wrote  by 
Himself,  is  very  extraordinary,  and  worth  reading:  it  is 
carried  down  to  Feb.  1692-3,  pages  103,  and  said  to  be 
printed  in  1714.  llallet  writes  a  Preface  to  the  dis- 
senting congregations.  This  Joseph  Haliet  I  take  to  be 
the  Western  Arian,  who  put  out  the  Greek  Testament, 
dedicated  to  King,  Lord  Chancellor.  There  is  also  the 
Life  of  the  same  George  Trosse,  by  Isaac  Gilling,  with  a 
Recommendatory  Preface  by  Dr.  Calainy,  Mr.  Tong,  and 
Mr.  Evans,  8vo.  1715.  It  refers  to  the  Life  published  be- 
fore wrote  by  himself. 

WALKER  (Mrs.  Elizabeth).  Her  Life,  wrote  by  her 
Husband  Anthony  Walker,  D.D.,  8vo.  1690.  He  was 
Rector  of  Fyfield,  in  Essex.  He  calls  his  book,  The 
Vertuous  Wife,  or  the  Holy  Life  of  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Walker. 
This  Doctor  married  Mrs.  Margaret  Masham,  sister  to  Sir 
Francis  Masham,  who  lived  to  a  great  age,  and  died  at 
Gates,  in  Essex,  1723.  This  Anthony  was  a  sort  of  puri- 
tanical canting  fellow,  and  wrote  against  King  Charles, 
being  the  author  of  the  Icon.* 

WALLER  (Edmund),  the  famous  poet.  An  Account  of 
his  Life  and  Writings,  prefixed  to  an  eighth  edition  of 
his  Works,  with  additions,  as  it  is  said.  The  author  of 
this  account  of  Mr.  Waller's  Life  I  at  present  know  not. 
Printed  for  Jacob  Tonson,  8vo.  1711. 

WARD  (Dr.  Seth),  Bishop  of  Salisbury.  His  Life, 
wrote  by  Dr.  Walter  Pope,  8vo.  1697,  dedicated  to  Col. 
John  Wyndham  of  Dorsetshire.  There  was  also  published 
in  1697  a  small  pamphlet  called  An  Appendix  to  the  Life 
of  Bishop  Ward,  a  piece  of  banter  upon  Dr.  Pope. 

WENEFREDE  (St. ).  Her  Life  and  Miracles,  together  with 
her  Litanies,  with  Historical  Observations,  4to.  1713.  This 
is  the  work  of  William  Fleetwood,  then  Bishop  of  St. 
Asaph. 

WOOLSTON  (Thomas).  A  Short  Account  of  his  Life 
and  Writings,  8vo.  1733.  Mere  trifling.  It  is  said  to  be 
an  impartial  account,  but  it  is  far  from  it.  He  was  a 
most  notorious  and  most  impudent  fellow,  admired  by  a 
set  of  people  who  cry  up  any  body  that  endeavours  to 
blast  or  revile  the  Christian  religion.  Woolston  was  fa- 
mous for  his  blasphemous  books  called  Discourses  on  the 
Miracles  of  Our  Saviour,  dedicated  to  the  Bishops.  These 
Dedications,  being  designed  to  ridicule  the  Bishops,  made 
the  books  sell. 

WILLIAMS  (Dr.  John),  Lord  Keeper  and  Archbishop 
of  York.  His  Life,  wrote  by  John  Racket,  late  Bishop 
of  Lincoln.  It  was  finished  in  Feb.  1652.  Printed  in  fol. 
at  the  Savoy,  by  Ed.  Jones,  1693.  The  Imprimatur  of 
Jo.  Cant,  i.  e.  John  Tillotson,  Nov.  27,  1692.  In  my  copy 
there  are  several  remarks  and  observations  made  by  Dr. 
South  with  his  pencil.  But  an  indifferent  print  of  the 
Bishop  before  the  book. 

is  pretended  to  have  been  compiled  from  the  minutes  of 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Young  [the  father  of  the  poet]  late  Dean  of 
Salisbury,  by  F.  H.  [i.e.  F.  Hutchinson],  with  many 
curious  memoirs,  communicated  by  the  late  Right  Rev. 
Gilbert,  Lord  Bishop  of  Sarum.  Bishop  Kennett,  in  his 
Complete  History  of  England,  iii.  673.,  2d  edition,  ob- 
serves, that  "  some  persons  had  reason  to  believe  that 
Bishop  Burnet  and  Dean  Young  had  little  or  no  hand  in 
this  Life  " :  and  both  the  performance  itself,  and  the  name 
of  the  bookseller,  E.  Curll,  will  confirm  that  suspicion. 
See  Birch's  Life  ofAbp.  Tillotson,  p.  2.  J 

.*  A  True  Account  of  the  Author  of 
4to.    1692.] 


The  Life  of  Archbishop  Williams,  8vo.  Cambridge,  1700. 
This  is  chiefly  an  abridgement  of  Bishop  Racket's  above- 
mentioned.  There  is  an  account  of  his  benefactions  to 
St.  John's  College.  This  is  by  Ambrose  Philips,  Fellow 
of  St.  John's.  The  same  Philips  that  is  in  the  Dunciud. 
See  also  The  Lives  of  the  Lord  Chancellors,  in  2  vols.  8vo. 
1708. 

In  the  year  1715  came  out  in  a  thin  8vo.  with  this  title, 
Bishop  Racket's  Memoirs  of  the  Life  of  Archbishop  Wil- 
liams Abridged,  dedicated  to  his  Royal  Highness  the 
Prince,  by  one  William  Stephens. 

WINTER  (Dr.  Samuel),  Provost  of  Trinity  College, 
Dublin.  His  Life  and  Death,  published  by  one  J.  W.  at 
the  request  of  the  Widow.  12mo.  N.  D.  A  very  great 
enthusiast ;  worth  reading,  to  see  to  what  a  height  some 
people  will  bring  enthusiasm. 

WOLSEY  (Thomas),  Cardinal.  His  Life  and  Negotia- 
tions, Composed  by  Mr.  Cavendish.  Thin  4to.  1641.  In 
the  Harleian  Library  there  is  a  copy  much  larger  than 
this. 

The  Life  and  Death  of  Cardinal  Wolsey,  by  Thomas 
Storer,  student  of  Christ  Church.  Lond.  4to.  1599. 

WOLSEY  (Thomas).  His  Life,  in  a  very  large  folio, 
compiled  by  that  impudent  fellow  Richard  Fiddes,  D.D. 
Lond.  1724.  This  .was  printed  by  subscription.  A  vile 
performance.  Bishop  Atterbury  put  him  upon  it,  and  did 
design  to  draw  his  character. 

WRIGHT"  (Mrs.  Sarah).  Some  Account  of  her.  Pub- 
lished by  Henry  Jesse  alias  Jacie,  12mo.  1647,  second 
edition.  Full  of  cant  and  spiritual  pride. 

J.  YEOWELL. 


AN  IRISH  TENANT  GALA. 

The  following  extract  from  the  original  letter 
written  by  his  agent  to  Lord  Brandon,  and  dated 
Sackville,  April  23,  1793,  now  preserved  among 
the  papers  of  William  T.  Crosbie,  Esq.,  of  Ardfert 
Abbey,  co.  Kerry,  will  afford  a  good  idea  of  what 
an  "  Irish  tenant  gala  "  was  in  the  south  of  Ire- 
land at  the  close  of  the  last  century.  This  custom 
has  now  almost  entirely  disappeared,  and  if  ever 
it  happens  to  be  revived  is  altogether  diminished 
in  magnitude  of  hospitality  and  operation.  There 
was  really  something  fpicturesque  and  grand  in 
these  bi-annual  revels  *,  which  must  have  exerted 
a  powerful  influence  in  cementing  the  union  be- 
tween landlord  and  tenant.  As  "  N".  &  Q."  is  a 
welcome  guest  in  distant  lands,  the  following  may 
awaken  pleasing  recollections  in  the  mind  of  some 
sojourner,  and  call  to  remembrance  an  "  Irish 
night"  in  the  days  of  his  childhood:  — 

"  I  shall  now  proceed  to  give  you  a  further  account  of 
our  Gala  here  on  Sunday  [?],  and  I  do  assure  you  it 
was  conducted  in  a  manner  that  I  am  persuaded  will  be 
satisfactory  to  you.  The  assemblage  of  people  was  nu- 
merous, and  all  seemed  highly  pleased  and  happy  with  the 
occasion,  the  display,  and  the  entertainment.  I  send  you 
enclosed  the  form  of  the  circular  letter  I  sent  to  all  those 
of  your  tenantry  I  deemed  it  proper  to  write  to  indivi- 
dually, the  rest  I  made  out  lists  and  subscribed  a  similar 
invitation,  to  be  shown  to  'em  by  the  persons  I  sent  out 
with  such.  None  who  were  not  tenants  did  I  invite  ex- 


*  They  were  usually  given  after  the  gala  daj's,  viz.  25th 
March  and  29th  Sept.,  or  the  "harvest  home." 


422 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  JUNE  2.  'GO. 


cept  those  named  by  you,  viz.  Father  Morgan  Flaherty, 
Tim  M'Carthy,  Charle's  Casey,  Doctor  Leyne,  and  Father 
Nelan,  son  to  old  John.  These  I  asked  as  Catholicks 
particularly  attached  to  you.  Had  I  gone  further  I  must 
either  have  excited  jealousy,  or  summoned  half  the 
county. — We  had  a  company  of  22  in  the  parlour,  of 
whom  I  will  send  you  a  list  next  post.  In  the  Breakfast- 
parlour  there  was  another  company  of  second  rate,  and 
the  third  rate  dined  in  the  tent  pitched  in  the  Avenue 
near  the  Abbey.  In  the  parlour  your  claret  was  made 
free  with,  as  "Stephen  tells  me  he  opened  34  Bottles. 
In  the  Breakfast  parlour  Port  wine  and  Rum -punch 
were  supplied  in  abundance,  and  abroad  large  liba- 
tions of  whiskey-punch,  we  had  two  quarter  casks 
(above  80  Gallons)  of  that  beverage  made  the  day 
before,  which  was  drawn  off  unsparingly  for  those 
abroad,  and  plenty  of  Beer  besides.  Two  patteraroes, 
borrowed  from  Jack  Collis,  and  placed  on  the  top  of 
the  Abbey  tower,  announced  our  dinner,  and  toasts,  and 
our  exultation.  Pipers  and  Fiddlers  enlivened  the  inter- 
vals between  the  peals  of  the  Ordnance.  The  May  men 
and  Maids  with  their  hobby  -horse,  &c.  danced  most 
cheerfully,  and  were  all  entertained  at  dinner,  and  with 
drink  in  abundance.  An  ox  was  roasted  whole  at  one 
end  of  the  Turf-house  on  a  large  ash  beam  by  way  of  a 
spit,  and  turned  with  a  wheel  well  contrived  by  Tom 
O'Brien ;  it  was  cut  up  from  thence,  and  divided  as  want- 
ing. The  name  of  its  being  roasted  entire  was  more  than 
if  two  oxen  had  been  served  piecemeal.  Six  sheep  were 
also  sacrificed  on  the  occasion,  and,  in  short,  Plenty  and 
Hospitality  graced  both  your  board  and  your  sod ;  and 
a  fine  serene  evening  favoured  happily  the  Glee  and 
Hilarity  of  the  meeting.  All  was  Happiness,  Mirth,  and 
Good  Humour.  God  save  great  George  our  King  was 
cheered  within  and  abroad  accompanied  with  Fiddles, 
Pipes,  &c.  &c." 

R.  C. 
Cork. 


«  THE  CIVIL  CLUB." 

I  enclose  you  a  cutting  from  The  City  Press  of 
the  24th  March,  giving  some  account  of  this  very 
ancient  Club.  Perhaps  some  of  your  correspon- 
dents, so  well  versed  both  in  the  public  and  private 
history  of  the  reign  of  Charles  II.,  can  kindly 
afford  some  information  as  to  its  origin  and  early 
members.  Having  been  established  in  1669,  it  is 
unquestionably  the  oldest  Club  in  London.  The 
members,  who  are  all  citizens  (Civil — quasi  Civic 
— :Club,  from  "civis,")  and  men  of  respectability, 
are  very  proud  of  their  Club  :  —  1st.  On  account 
of  its  antiquity ;  and  2nd.  Because  it  is  the  only 
Club  which  attaches  to  its  staff  the  respected  office 
of  a  chaplain.  It  would  seem  that  the  members 
first  united  together  for  the  sake  of  mutual  aid 
and  support ;  but  the  name  of  the  founder,  and 
the  circumstances  of  its  origin,  have  unfortunately 
been  lost  with  its  early  records. 

"  THE  CIVIL  CLUB.  — The  first  quarterly  dinner  of  this 
ancient  Club,  for  the  present  year,  took  place  on  Wednes- 
day last,  at  the  New  Corn  Exchange  Hotel,  Mark  Lane, 
when  about  40  gentlemen  sat  down  in  the  Banquetting 
Hall  belonging  to  the  Hotel,  to  one  of  those  well-selected 
and  well-served  repasts  for  which  Mr.  Charles  Hegin- 
bothom,  and  his  namesake  and  father  (a  former  pro- 
prietor), have  been  for  so  many  years  celebrated,  and 


which  invariabl}'  give  satisfaction  to  all.  The  wines  were 
also  of  excellent  quality.  These  facts  are  partly  due  to 
the  stewards  for  the  day,  Messrs.  John  Northway  and 
Richard  Collyer ;  the  former  of  whom  was,  owing  to  in- 
disposition, unable  to  take  the  chair,  but  which  however 
was  ably  filled  by  Mr.  John  Healy. 

"  The  musical  arrangements,  under  the  direction  of 
Mr.  William  Coward,  assisted  by  Messrs.  J.  Coward, 
Montem  Smith,  and  Wynn,  gave  universal  satisfaction, 
and  some  excellent  glees  and  solos  were  performed.  The 
following  sketch  of  the  Club  will  probably  prove  interest- 
ing to  some  of  our  readers :  —  It  was  established  in  the 
year  1669,  at  a  time  when  the  great  plague  and  the  great 
fire  had  devastated  and  broken  up  nearly  all  society  and 
many  old  associations,  the  object  and  recommendation 
being,  as  one  of  the  rules  expresses  it,  '  that  members 
should  give  the  preference  to  each  other  in  their  respec- 
tive callings,'  and  '  that  but  one  person  of  the  same  trade 
or  profession  should  be  a  member  of  the  Club.' 

"  There  is  a  chaplain,  treasurer,  and  secretary,  and  two 
stewards,  who  are  elected  in  rotation  at  each  quarterly 
dinner  from  amongst  the  members,  no  member  being 
eligible  until  he  has  been  a  member  for  a  year,  and  no 
member  serving  the  office  of  steward  twice  within  one 
year. 

"The  Club  used  for  a  great  many  years  to  meet  at 
the  '  Old  Ship  Tavern,'  in  Water  La'ne,  which  has  been 
lately  pulled  down,  and  now  meets  at  the  New  Corn 
Exchange  Tavern  on  the  first  Wednesday  of  every  month, 
besides  dining  together  four  times  a-year,  viz.  on  the 
Wednesday  previous  to  Lady  Da}',  the  Wednesday  after 
Midsummer  Day,  the  Wednesday  previous  to  Michaelmas 
Day,  and  the  Wednesday  previous  to  St.  Thomas's  Day. 
An*  impression  prevails  amongst  some  of  the  members 
that  the  Club  was  limited  to  the  Ward  of  Tower,  and 
that  its  meetings  must  be  held  within  the  Ward,  but 
there  is  nothing  in  the  present  rules  to  warrant  such  a 
supposition,  and  the  fact  of  the  summer  dinner  being 
always  held  in  the  country,  at  a  place  selected  by  the 
stewards  for  the  time  being,  would  also  tend  to  negative 
such  an  idea. 

"  It  should,  perhaps,  also  be  mentioned,  that  the  oldest 
member  of  the  Club  for  the  time  being  is  called  the 
'Father  of  the  Club,'  Mr.  Whitfield,  of  Snaresbrook, 
being  the  present  father  —  a  position  held  for  an  unusual 
number  of  years  by  a  former  member  and  treasurer,  Mr. 
Bryan  Corcoran,  of  Mark  Lane,  the  father  and  namesake 
of  the  present  respected  treasurer.  The  office  of  secre- 
tary is  now,  and  has  almost  immemorially  been,  filled  by 
a  solicitor.  Unfortunately,  the  early  records  of  the  Club 
have  been  lost  or  mislaid;  but  those  still  extant  show 
many  good  names  amongst  former  members,  including 
Members  of  Parliament,  Baronets,  and  Aldermen. 

"  The  Alderman  and  Deputy  of  the  Ward,  and  some  of 
the  Common  Councilmen  of  that  and  another  Ward,  are 
among  the  present  members.  Two  high  antique  chairs, 
bearing  date  1669,  always  used  by  the  stewards,  and  a 
well-executed  likeness  of  the  late  "Mr.  Bryan  Corcoran, 
are  amongst  the  present  property  of  the  Club.  The 
present  chaplain  of  the  Club  is  the  Rev.  David  Laing, 
M.A.,  the  respected  incumbent  of  St.  Olave  by  the 
Tower,  Hart  Street."—  City  Press,  March  24,  1860. 

Y.  O.  S. 


A  HEATHEN  ILLUSTRATION  OF  A  CHRISTIAN 
FORMULA.  —  "A  tower  of  fifty  cubits  high,"  the 
interior  of  which  was  furnished  with  "  a  round 
instrument,"  was  filled  to  a  considerable  height 


S.  IX.  JUNK  2.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


423 


with  ashes,  into  which  the  criminal  was  precipi- 
tated from  the  summit,  the  "  instrument,"  or 
wheel,  "  which  hanged  down  on  every  side  into 
the  ashes,"  continuing  its  suffocating  revolutions 
till  death  terminated  the  torture.  The  above  sin- 
gular mode  of  Persian  punishment  is  recorded 
2  Maccabees  xiii.  5 — 8.  (See  Stackhouse's  note, 
Manfs  Bib.}  Though  this  death  was  awarded  by 
a  heathen  tribunal  to  one  deemed  unworthy  of 
"burial  in  the  earth,"  the  barbarous  process  em- 
ployed in  executing  the  interdict  strangely  enough 
reminds  us  of  the  commendatory  formula  in  our 
Burial  Service, — "We  therefore  commit  his  body 
to  the  ground,  earth  to  earth,  ashes  to  ashes,  dust 
to  dust."  F.  PHILLOTT. 

THE  DUTCH  GIANT  DANIEL  CAJANUS^AND  THE 
DUTCH  DWARF  SIMON  JANE  PAAP.  —  Perhaps 
the  following  scrap  from  to-day's  Algemeen  ffaji- 
delsblad  will  prove  acceptable  :  — 

"  Haarlem,  May  the  5th.  At  a  public  sale,  which  was 
held  here  in  the  "beginning  of  this  week,  a  rare  lot  was 
brought  under  the  hammer :  a  lot  consisting  of  a  slipper 
and  a  shoe.  The  slipper  once  had  been  the  property  of 
the  Dutch  giant  Daniel  Cajanus,  who  died  here  on  Feb. 
the  28th,  1749;  its  primitive  owner  measured  8  feet 
4  inches,  and  history  tells  us  that  the  last  upon  which 
his  shoes  were  made  had  a  length  of  14  inches  and  a  half, 
whilst  that  of  his  coffin  was  9  feet  7  inches.  The  shoe 
had  belonged  to  the  renowned  dwarf  Simon  Jane  Paap, 
whose  full  growth  did  not  exceed  16  inches  and  a  half, 
his  body  weighing  14  kilograms.  This  small  represent- 
ative of  Holland  was  born  at  Zandroort  on  May  the  25th, 
1789,  and  died  at  Dendermonde  on  December  the  2nd, 
1828.  Two  small  marble  stones  on  a  pillar  at  the  porch 
of  the  Brouwer's-chapel  in  Haarlem  Cathedral  indicate 
the  different  sizes  of  the  two  above-mentioned  natives  of 
the  Netherlands." 

It  appears  Simon  Jane  Paap  only  overtopped 
by  two  inches  the  length  of  Cajanus's  slipper. 

J.  H.  VAN  LENNEP. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht,  May  9, 1860. 

EPIGRAM  ON  MARRIAGE.  — 

"  In  marriage  are  two  happy  things  allow'd, 
A  wife  in  wedding-sheets,  and  in  a  shroud ; 
How  can  the  marriage  state  then  be  accurst, 
Since  the  last  day  's  as  happy  as  the  first?  " 

This  wicked  and  cruel  epigram  is  from  the 
Tatler  (No.  40.),  but  I  cannot  think  it  is  Steele's. 
lie  had  too  much  sentiment  and  good  feeling. 
Yet  I  am  unable  to  suggest  anyone  else.  Were  it 
not  for  the  anachronism,  I  should  attribute  it  to 
a  writer  whom,  perhaps,  I  ought  to  apologise  for 
naming,  Peter  Pindar.  It  is  exactly  in  his  vein. 

The  following  version  is  very  well  as  to  sound, 
but  I  doubt  whether  it  fully  expresses  the  sense 
of  the  original.  It  is  written  on  the  margin  of  my 
copy  of  the  Tatler  :  — 

"  Sunt  duo  sollicitis  spectacula  grata  maritis, 

Nupta  parata  toro,  nupta  parata  rogo ; 
Coiijugium  nequeo  miseris  adscribere  rebus, 
Ultima  cui  10eta  est,  laetaque  prima  dies." 

W,  D. 


CROMWELL  AND  THE  MACE.  —  History  has  re- 
corded an  incident  touching  Cromwell  and  the 
mace,  his  dissolving  the  Long  Parliament  in  1653, 
with  "  Take  away  that  bauble."  If  the  version 
of  this  story  be  correct  he  must  somewhat  have 
changed  his  views  with  regard  to  the  insignia  of 
office  subsequently  to  1649,  for  under  the  date  of 
31st  May  of  that  year,  the  Order  Book  of  the  Coun- 
cil of  State  records  — 

"  That  there  shall  be  a  mace  provided  for  the  use  of  this 
Councell  at  the  charge  of  the  State ;  that  it  be  left  to  the 
serjeant-at-armes  attending  the  Councell  to  conferre  with 
Mr.  Love,  and  to  bring  unto  the  Councell  a  modell  for  a 
mace  to  be  here  used." 

.  And  a  little  farther  on,  under  date  of  4th  July, 
1649 :  - 

"  That  the  mace  which  is  ordered  to  be  made  for  the 
Councell  of  State  shall  be  guilded  as  that  which  was 
made  for  the  use  of  the  Parliament." 

Whether  Cromwell  ever  contemplated  the  as- 
sumption of  the  regal  dignity  is  an  open  question. 
In  all  probability,  had  he  lived  and  seen  a  fitting 
opportunity,  he  might  have  consented  to  have  the 
regal  authority  substituted  in  lieu  of  the  protec- 
torship :  at  all  events  there  is  some  presumption 
of  such  a  contingency,  for  we  find  that  he  had  a 
sceptre  of  fine  gold  made,  weighing  upwards  of 
168  ounces,  the  total  cost  of  which  amounted  to 
650/.  13«.  6d.  The  order  for  the  payment  of  the 
bill  for  the  same  to  Edward  Backwell  is  in  Sept. 
1657.  ITHURIEL. 

SACHEVERELL  AND  HOADLY.  —  The  following 
satirical  lines  are  preserved  in  the  Egerton  MS. 
1717,  fol.  53.  :  — 

"Amongst  the  High  Churchmen  I  find  there  are  Severall 

Doe  swear  to  the  merits  of  Henry  Sacheverell. 
"  Amongst  the  Low  Churchmen  I  see  that  as  Oddly 

Some  pin  all  their  faith  to  one  Benjamin  Hoadly. 
"But  wee  moderate  men  our  judgments  Suspend, 

For  God  only  knows  where  these  matters  will  end. 
"  Salisbury  Burnet  and  Kennett  White  Show 

That  Doctrines  may  Change  as  Preferments  doe. 
"  And  Twenty  years  hence,  for  aught  you  and  I  know, 
It  may  be  Hoadly  high  and  Sacheverell  Low." 

J.  Y. 

URCHIN  is  perhaps  cognate  with  the  Dutch 
Urkjen,  a  diminutive  of  Urh,  which  is  still  used 
in  Holland  for  denoting  "  a  little  fellow."  I 
know  the  word  in  English  properly  signifies  a 
hedgehog,  and  as  such  is  derived  from  the  Dutch 
Nurhjen,  properly  a  little  grunter,  and  thus  a 
peevish  little  brat.  Urk  is  the  name  of  a  small 
islet  in  our  Zuiderzee,  from  whence  the  proverb 
"  It  is  the  club  of  Urk."  Its  patriotic  inhabit- 
ants, it  is  said,  in  the  year  1787  resolved  to  exer- 
cise themselves  in  the  management  of  arms.  The 
club  consisted  of  one  person !  May  I  propose  Urk 
as  the  parent  word  of  urchin  (little  fellow},  and 
Nurk  for  urchin  (mischievous  brat)  ? 

J.  H.  VAN  LENNEP, 


424 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»d  S.  IX.  JUNE  2.  '60. 


tiitterfetf* 

PETER  BASSET,  A  LOST  HISTORIAN  OF  THE 
REIGN  OF  HENRY  V. 

Various  historians  of  the  reign  of  Henry  V. 
have  been  given  to  the  public  in  a  printed  form : 
from  the  time  when  Hearne  published  Titiis 
Livius  and  Thomas  of  Elmham,  down  to  our 
own  days,  when  the  history  of  this  period  has 
occupied  one  of  the  volumes  of  the  English  Histo- 
rical Society,  and  one  of  those  now  appearing 
under  the  patronage  of  the  Master  of  the  Rolls. 
I  allude  to 

"Henrici  Quinti,  Anglise  Regis,  Gesta.  Edited  by 
Benjamin  Williams,  F.S.A.  1850." 

"  Memorials  of  King  Henry  the  Fifth,  King  of  Eng- 
land. Edited  by  Charles  Augustus  Cole,  of  the  Public 
Record  Office.  1858." 

But  neither  in  the  work  of  Mr.  Williams,  nor  in 
that  of  Mr.  Cole,  nor  in  the  volume  on  the  Battle  of 
Agincourt  by  Sir  Harris  Nicolas,  nor  in  the  Memoirs 
of  Henry  the  Fifth,  by  Rev.  J.  Endell  Tyler,  2  vols. 
8vo.  1838,  do  I  find  any  mention  of  Peter  Basset, 
who  is  stated  by  our  old  literary  biographer  Bale, 
and  his  followers,  to  have  written  very  minute 
memoirs  of  Henry  Y.  and  all  his  achievements. 
Peter  Basset,  Esq ,  according  to  Bale,  was  cham- 
berlain to  King  Harry  of  Monmouth,  and  re- 
mained by  his  side  during  all  his  career,  both  at 
home  and  abroad.  His  book  of  the  "Acts  of 
Henry  the  Fifth "  was  written,  says  Bale,  in  the 
English  language,  and  it  is  thus  very  amply  de- 
scribed and  applauded :  — 

"PETRUS  BASSET,  clari  generis  armiger,  et  Henrico 
quinto  Anglorum  regi  a  cubiculis,  eorum  omnium  t«stis 
oculatissimus  fuit,  qua  idem  rex  magnificus  tarn  apud 
Anglos  quam  etiam  in  Gallis  olim  fecit.  Nam  aderat 
illi  ad  latus  semper  hie  Petrus,  seu  domi  seu  foris  quic- 
quam  ageret,  sive  vel  in  pace  vel  in  bello  fuisset  occu- 
patus,  et  omnibus  in  locis  notabat  ejus  turn  dicta  turn 
facta  praecipua.  Descripsit  illius  ab  ipsis  incunabulis 
vitam,  varias  in  Franciam  expeditiones,  gloriosas  de 
Gallis  victorias  ac  triumphos :  cum  Carolo  sexto  Franco- 
rum  rege  pacificationem,  et  affinitatem  post  bella,  atque 
tandem  ejus  regni  administrationem  plenissimam,  Henrico 
filio  regi  ipsius  diademate  Parisiis  turn  demum  insignito. 
Et  haec  omnia  in  ejus  regis  laudem  plenissime  conges- 
sit,  edito  in  Anglico  sermone  libro,  cui  titulum  fecit 
Acta  Regis  Henrici  Quinti.  lib.  I. 

"  Praeter  hoc,  nihil  opusculorum  ejus  extare  novi.  Et 
ubi  scriptorum  aliqui  praedictum  regem  ex  venenata  po- 
tione,  alii  ex  fiacrii  malo  aut  igne  Antonii  interiisse 
fingunt,  iste  ex  pleuresi  obiisse  ilium  affirmat.  Claruit 
Petrus,  Anno  Domini  1430,  Henrico  sexto  regnante." 
(Scriptorum  Brytannias  cent.  vii.  No.  80.  Folio,  Basil. 
1557,  p.  568.) 

Pitsasus  (4to.  1619,  p.  615.)  copies  Bale's  ac- 
count (turning  it,  as  usual,  into  different  lan- 
guage). Tanner,  in  his  Bibliotheca  Britannica, 
makes  a  slight  abstract  of  the  same,  and  adds  the 
title  of  another  production  attributed  to  the  same 
author :  — 

"  De  Actis  Armorum  et  Conquestus  Regni  Franciae,  du- 
catus  Normannise,  ducatus  Alenconise,  ducatus  Andegaviae 


et  Cenomanniae,  &c.,  ad  nobilem  viruni  Johannem  Fal- 
stof,  baronem  de  Cyllyequotem,  per  Petrum  Basset.  MS. 
in  Bibl.  Offic.  Armorum,  Load." 

On  examining  Mr.  W.  H.  Black's  Catalogue  of 
the  Arundel  MSS.  in  the  College  of  Arms,  I  do 
not  find  any  paper  bearing  this  title,  though  there 
are  several  documents  connected  with  the  history 
of  the  famous  Sir  John  Fastolfe  in  the  MS.  Arun- 
del XLVIII. 

The  only  trace  that  I  have  found  of  Peter  Bas- 
set's memoirs  subsequent  to  John  Bale  (and  what 
has  been  copied  from  him)  is  in  Hall's  Chronicle, 
where  he  is  quoted  with  reference  to  the  disease 
of  which  King  Henry  died  :  — 

"  Some  say  he  was  poysoned.  The  Scottes  write  that 
he  died  of  the  disease  of  S.  Fiacre,  whiche  is  a  palsey  and 
a  crampe.  Engurrant  sayeth  that  he  died  of  S.  Antho- 
nies  fier,  but  al  these  be  but  fables  as  many  mo  write. 
For  Peter  Basset,  esquire,  which  at  the  time  of  his  death 
was  his  chamberlain,  affirmeth  that  he  died  of  a  plurisis, 
whiche  at  that  tyme  was  so  rare  a  sickenes  and  so  straunge 
a  disease  that  the  name  was  to  the  most  part  of  men  un- 
knowen,  and  physicions  were  acquainted  as  lytle  with  any 
remedy  for  the  same." 

In  his  list  of  "  Englishe  Writers  "  appended  to 
his 'Preface,  Hall  gives  that  of  "  Ihon  Basset," 
which  was  possibly  meant  for  Peter. 

It  seems  not  improbable  that  the  substance  of 
Peter  Basset's  work  m&y  have  been  worked  up 
by  Hall ;  but  it  is  singular  that  his  name  as  a  con- 
temporary historian  should  have  been  entirely 
lost  sight  of,  and  it  would  be  desirable  to  identify 
his  composition,  if  still  existing  in  its  original  form, 
particularly  as,  if  Bale's  description  of  it  was  a 
true  one,  it  must  have  been  a  very  interesting 
work.  JOHN  GOUGH  NICHOLS. 


IRISH  CELEBRITIES :  GARIBALDI,  ETC. 
The  following  scrap  from  the  veracious  columns 
of  the  Limerick  Chronicle  is  so  racy  of  the  soil  as 
to  deserve  the  immortality  of  a  corner  in  "  N.  & 
Q."  :  - 

"  It  is  said  that  Garibaldi  is  another  illustrious  Irish, 
man,  and  that  he  was  born  in  Mullinahone,  in  the  county 
of  Tipperary ;  that  his  father,  Garrett  Baldwin,  was  a 
schoolmaster,  and  nicknamed  for  shortness,  as  well  as 
affectionate  familiarity,  by  his  pupils,  'Garry  Baldy.' 
On  the  death  of  the  pedagogue,  his  son,  Garry  Baldy,  jun., 
proceeded  to  Rome  to  his  uncle,  an  ecclesiastic  in  that 
city,  where  the  liquid  sobriquet  chiming  in  with  the 
euphonious  language  of  love  and  poetry,  he  adopted  it 
and  immortalised  it  by  his  chivalrous  bravery."— Limerick 
Chronicle. 

Certainly  we  Hibernians  have  latterly  not  been 
backward  in  laying  claim  to  the  celebrities  of  the 
day  as  "  illustrious  Irishmen."  Not  to  mention 
Marshals  M'Mahon  and  O'Donnell,  whose  names 
bespeak  their  Celtic  origin,  we  are  assured  that 
the  Duke  de  Malakhoff  is  of  Irish  descent,  and 
that  Pellisier  is  only  the  French  form  of  Palliser. 
Indeed  the  former  name  is  not  unknown  here,  for 


2nd  S.  IX.  JUNE  2.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


425 


Dr.  John  Pellisier  ("  e  stirpe  adventitia  orturn," 
as  he  is  described  in  the  College  Registry)  was 
Vice-Provost  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  and 
Professor  of  Divinity  in  1746.  I  lately  read 
somewhere  a  very  plausible  statement  about  Ca- 
vaignac,  which  it  asserted  was  none  other  than 
Kavanagh  in  a  foreign  guise,  or  rather  disguise. 

No  sooner  was  the  late  atrocious  prize-belt 
barbarity  *  perpetrated  than  it  was  confidently 
stated  that  the  rival  champions  were  of  Irish  ex- 
traction, and  we  were  desired  to  believe  that  those 
"  rough  diamonds  "  were  Emerald  gems.  Just  as 
we  were  beginning  to  lament  the  sad  degeneracy 
of  the  Island  of  Saints,  The  Times  consolingly 
assured  us  in  its  leading  article  that  it  required 
two  great  nations  to  produce  two  such  men.  So 
believing  that  the  "  parties  "  in  question  came  re- 
spectively from  the  county  of  Tipperary  and  the 
"Kingdom  of  Kerry,"  we  "laid  the  flattering 
unction  to  our  soul,"  and  began  to  think  that 
things  must  be  looking  up  when  Ireland  can  be  a 
convertible  term  for  two  great  nations. 

Alas !  half  of  the  delusion  has  been  ruthlessly 
dispelled  since  Bell's  Life  has  given  such  a  cir- 
cumstantial account  of  Mr.  Sayers's  parentage. 
If  not  a  profanation  of  your  classic  pages, — which, 
as  "  a  medium  of  intercommunication  for  genealo- 
gists," may  perhaps  tolerate  the  Query,  —  would 
some  of  your  correspondents  supply  enough  of  the 
Heenan  pedigree  to  enable  us  to  judge  of  that 
young  gentleman's  claims  to  be  engrafted  on  the 
"ould  stock." 

I  should  be  glad  also  to  learn  whether  there  is 
any  truth  in  the  above  plausible  account  of  Gari- 
baldi's parentage.  It  is  strange  that  those  who 
will  sympathise  with  the  Papal  Irish  brigade 
should  take  the  trouble  to  claim  such  an  arch-rebel, 
as  they  are  pleased  to  style  Garibaldi. 

Strange  also  it  is  that  fighting  should  be  the 
forte  of  all  the  above-named  celebrities!  An  Eng- 
lish friend  suggests  that  this  very  fact  is  an  a  priori 
argument  for  their  Hibernian  origin. 

JOHN  RIBTON  GAESTJN. 


DUDLEY,  EARL  OF  LEICESTER.  —  A  new  life  of 
this  celebrated  statesman  and  courtier  has  been 
for  some  time  in  preparation  by  a  lady,  who  is 
anxious  to  do  justice  to  so  important  a  subject 
by  the  careful  study  and  examination  of  the  nu- 
merous documents  relating  to  him  which  are  pre- 
served either  in  print  or  in  manuscript.  Every- 
thing referring  to  Leicester  possesses  so  much 

[*  Had  our  correspondent  read  the  sensible  remarks  of 
the  Premier  upon  this  subject,  we  think  he  would  have 
somewhat  modified  his  strictures  upon  what  all  admit  to 
have  been  a  remarkable  display  of  "pluck"  and  endur- 
ance on  the  part  of  the  representatives  of  the  two  "  Great 
Nations."  In  saying  this  we  Avould  not  be  understood  as 
advocating  a  return  of  the  svstem  of  Prize  Fighting.  — 
ED.  "N.&Q."] 


public  interest,  that  short  unpublished  papers 
illustrating  his  history  will  probably  be  admissible 
into  the  columns  of  "  "NT.  &  Q.,"  while  any  too  long 
for  that  purpose  would  be  thankfully  received 
and  acknowledged  by  the  authoress  referred  to,  if 
addressed  to  Mrs.  Pemberton  Gipps,  No.  10. 
Hereford  Square,  Old  Brompton,  near  London. 

J.  O.  H. 

VATICINIUM  STULTORUM:  THE  TALBOT  FA- 
MILY. — 

"  It  has  been  recorded  by  Christr.  Townley,  as  a  tradi- 
tion of  the  neighbourhood  in  his  time,  that  Hen.  VI. 
when  betrayed  by  the  Talbots  foretold  nine  generations 
of  the  family  in  succession,  consisting  of  a  wise  and  a  weak 
man  by  turns,  after  which  the  name  should  be  lost.  .  .  . 
This,  however,  is  not  the  only  instance  in  which  Henry 
is  reported  to  have  displayed  that  singular  faculty,  the 
Vaticinium  Stultorum."  (See  Whitaker's  History  of 
Whalley.} 

In  what  other  instance  did  Henry  VI.  display 
this  faculty  as  here  alluded  to  ?  And  is  it  not  an 
almost  invariable  rule  that  seldom,  if  ever,  we  see 
the  son  of  a  distinguished  man  possessed  of  the 
talents  which  raised  his  father  to  eminence  ? 

ITH  URIEL. 

BOLEYN  AND  HAMMOND.  —  In  Lodge's  Peerage 
of  Ireland,  under  "  Ludlow,"  Phineas  Preston  of 
Ardsallagh,  an  ancestor  of  the  heiress  of  that  fa- 
mily, afterwards  married  to  Peter  Ludlow,  father 
of  the  first  Baron  Ludlow,  is  said  to  have  married 
Letitia,  daughter  of  Colonel  Robert  Hammond, 
who,  it  is  added,  "was  descended  in  the  female  line 
from  the  Boleyn  family"  Can  any  of  your  readers 
furnish  the  connecting  links  between  the  families 
of  Boleyn  and  Hammond?  I  have  reason  for 
thinking  that  they  are  to  be  sought  in  the  fami- 
lies either  of  "  Knollys  "  or  "  Carey,"  but  have  not 
been  as  yet  successful  in  tracing  them  out.  The 
Colonel  Robert  Hammond  alluded  to  is,  I  pre- 
sume, the  man  who  had  custody  of  King  Charles  I. 
when  in  captivity  at  Carisbrooke  Castle.  W.  H.  J. 

MURAL  BURIAL.  —  Blomefield  mentions  an  in- 
stance at  Foulden  in  Norfolk,  thus :  —  On  the 
foundation  of  the  south  aisle,  facing  the  church- 
yard, is  an  arched  monument  over  a  flat  marble 
gravestone,  partly  covered  by  the  arch,  partly 
by  the  wall.  It  appears  to  be  about  temp.  Ed- 
ward I.  Blomefield  says  these  arched  monuments, 
and  this  "  immuring  of  founders,"  were  common 
in  ancient  days.  Did  the  custom  arise  from  the 
more  barbarous  one  of  burying  a  living  person  in 
the  foundation-wall  "for  luck?"  We  read  of 
such  burials  in  old  history,  but  they  neither 
averted  attack  nor  ruin.  F.  C.  B. 

MURAL  BURIAL,  —  In  the  church  of  Preshute, 
near  Marlborough,  co.  Wilts,  which  was  restored 
a  very  few  years  since,  on  pulling  down  one  of  the 
old  walls,  which  was  of  extraordinary  thickness,  a 
body  was  discovered  in  the  wall  near  the  site  of 
the  pulpit.  Not  having  met  with  any  archoeolo- 


426 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


O*  S.  ix.  JUNE  2.  'GP. 


gical  account  of  this  discovery,  perhaps  MR.  CAR- 
RINGTON  or  some  other  of  your  contributors  in 
that  locality  may  be  enabled  to  render  some  in- 
formation as  to  the  position  in  which  the  body  was 
found,  as  also  if  there  was  any  record  to  denote 
the  individual  in  question ;  in  all  probability  it 
may  have  been  one  of  the  founders  who  was  thus 
honoured.  ABRACADABRA. 

MONEY  VALUE  IN  1704. — A  certain  class  of 
persons  had  an  income  of  501.  a  year  in  the  year 
1704  (Queen  Anne's  reign).  Can  any  of  your 
numerous  readers  inform  me  what  sum  of  money 
would,  in  the  present  day,  be  equivalent  to  501. 
a-year  in  1704  ?  W.  H. 

LAND  MEASURE.  —  Whence  do  we  derive  our 
several  measures  of  length  in  land-measure  ? 
And  why  does  the  perch  differ  in  length  in  Eng- 
land and  Ireland  ?  <£. 

DUBLIN  SOCIETY.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
oblige  me  by  naming  any  books  referring  to  so- 
ciety in  Dublin  about  the  years  1730  to  1735, 
particularly  the  wits  and  beauties,  and  Dean 
Swift's  set  ?  ENQUIRER. 

LANDLORD. — When  was  the  designation  "  Land- 
lord "  first  given  to  the  keeper  of  an  inn  ?  S.  B. 

"  EYELIN." — Could  any  of  your  readers  inform 
me  the  subject  and  story  of  a  lithograph  I  pur- 
chased some  years  since  abroad.  The  title  is 
"  Eyelin,"  and  taken  from  a  painting  by  Lessing. 
The  subject  consists  of  a  fine  old  man  in  a  prison 
cell,  with  two  young  monks  who  have  just  de- 
scended into  the  prison  with  a  view  to  instruct 
the  prisoner,  but  who  seem  frightened  at  his 
anger.  A.  B.  S. 

GEORGE  II.  HALFPENNY.  —  On  a  halfpenny  of 
George  II.  of  which  I  have  seen  two  specimens, 
a  rat  appears  in  the  act  of  climbing  to  the  knee 
of  Britannia.  Is  this  a  genuine  coin  ?  and  what 
is  the  meaning  of  this  singularity,  which  is  so 
contrived  that,  at  first  sight,  the  rat  might  be 
mistaken  for  that  part  of  the  robe  which  should 
cover  the  knee  of  Britannia.  I  have  heard  it  said 
that  a  new  species  of  rat  first  appeared  in  Eng- 
land at  the  accession  of  the  Hanoverian  dynasty. 

J.  MN. 

CONCUR  :  CONDOG  :  COCKERAM'S  ENGLISH  DIC- 
TIONARY. —  Everybody  knows  the  story  of  Dr. 
Littleton's  introducing  "  condog  "  into  his  Latin 
Dictionary  as  the  equivalent  of  "  concur,"  but  it 
may  not  be  equally  well  known  that  he  was  not 
the  original  inventor  of  the  joke.  In  Cockeram's 
curious  little  English  Dictionary,  (a  copy  of  the 
sixth  edition  of  which,  dated  1639,  is  now  before 
me,)  I  find  "  concurre"  and  "  condog"  given  as 
convertible  with  "  agree."  Now,  as  the  earliest 
edition  of  Cockeram  was  probably  published  fifty 
years  before  ^Littleton  (which  first  appeared  in 


1678),  a  singular  difficulty  occurs.  Could  the 
learned  Doctor  have  stolen  this  valuable  discovery 
from  Cockeram,  and  then  basely  covered  the  theft 
by  fabricating  the  story  about  his  boy,  &c.  ?  And 
another  difficult  question  is  this  :  How  came  the 
original  inventor  to  hit  upon  the  discovery  ?  Had 
he  a  boy  to  help  him  ?  I  pause  for  a  reply  to 
these  momentous  questions ;  but  before  I  close, 
I  may  mention  that  our  friend 'Cockeram  antici- 
pated to  some  small  extent  another  idea  of  modern 
times — that  so  ably  carried  out  by  Dr.  Roget  in 
his  Thesaurus.  The  second  part  of  his  Dictionary 
consists  of  a  list  of  common  words,  explained,  as 
he  says,  "  by  a  more  refined  and  elegant  speech," 
by  the  use  of  which  a  person  not  satisfied  with 
saying  to  his  friend,  "  If  you'll  allow  me  I'll  wake 
you  early,  and  then  we'll  take  a  walk  together," 
might  refine  his  speech  as  follows :  "  If  you'll 
approbate,  I  will  matutinally  expergefie  you,  and 
then  we'll  obambulate  together."  This  is  ab- 
surd enough,  but  notwithstanding  there  are  some 
very  interesting  matters  in  Cockeram.  I  should 
be  greatly  obliged  by  any  information  about  the 
author  himself.  LETHREDIENSIS. 

"  CALEDONIA." — There  is  a  play  entitled  Cale- 
of  Yore,  by  Wm.  Thomson, 
In  Watt's  Bibliotheca  the 


donia,  or  the  Clans  oj 

Edinburgh,    1818. 

authorship  is  ascribed  to  W.  Thomson,  LL.D., 

author   of  numerous   miscellaneous   works,   who 

died  in  1817.     Can  any  of  your  readers  who  may 

be  able  to  refer  to  this  volume,  inform  me  whether 

this  was  a  posthumous  publication  ?  X. 

FELLOW-HAMMER.  — What  is  the  proper  way  of 
spelling  the  name  of  this  bird  ?  I  have  examined 
some  ten  or  fifteen  dictionaries,  and  find  it  given 
uniformly  as  above  ;  but  I  perceive  an  innovation 
has  lately  been  hazarded  by  the  Rev.  C.  A.  Johns, 
in  a  little  illustrated  work  on  Birds,  published  by 
the  Society  for  the  Promotion  of  Christian  Know- 
ledge. Mr.  Johns  discards  the  h  altogether,  and 
would  no  doubt,  if  challenged,  tell  us  as  his  rea- 
son for  the  change  that  ummer  is  the  German, 
word  for  a  bunting,  and  that  our  English  hammer 
is  no  doubt  a  corruption  therefrom.  Yarrell,  I 
believe,  was  the  first  to  suggest  the  correction. 
Homber,  in  the  West  of  England,  signifies  a  ham- 
mer ;  and  in  the  same  districts  the  chaffinch  is 
best  known  as  the  yellow-homber.  Let  us  try  to 
settle  at  once  which  is  the  correct  orthography, 
and  which  the  corruption.  T.  HU 

Chester. 

VANT  in  personal  names,  as  Bullivant,  Pilli- 
vant ;  and  in  local  names,  as  Bullevant  in  Ire- 
land. Qu.  Dan.  vand,  water  ?  R.  S.  CHARNOCK. 

A  FATHER'S  JUSTICE.  —  Where  may  the  original 
of  the  following  story  be  found  ?  — 

"  In  old  times  a  king  passed  a  law,  that  whoever  in 
bis  dominions  was  convicted  of  adultery  should  lose  both 


.UGHES. 


2nd  S.  IX.  JUKE  2.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


427 


his  eyes.  The  first  offender  was  his  own  son  ;  the  king, 
determined  that  the  law  should  take  its  course,  but  still 
pitying  the  criminal,  ordered  one  of  his  own  eyes  to  be 
extracted  and  one  of  his  sou's,  and  thus  satisfied  the  de- 
mands of  justice,  and  extended  mercy  to  his  son." 

LlUYA. 

WENTWORTH  LORD  ROSCOMMON.  —  Malone,  in 
the  Maloniana  published  by  Sir  J.  Prior  (p.  404.), 
speaks  of  Knightly  Chetwood's  MS.  Memoirs  of 
this  nobleman  now  in  the  Public  Library  at  Cam- 
bridge. Is  the  picture  of  him  by  Carlo  Maratti, 
to  which  Malone  refers,  in  existence  ?  and  if  so, 
where  is  it  ?  Lord  lioscommon  is  said  to  have  re- 
sembled his  uncle,  Lord  Strafford,  in  his  counte- 
nance. W.  L. 

THE  NORTH  ATLANTIC  SUBMARINE  TELE- 
GRAPH. —  Articles  lately  appeared  in  several  of 
the  newspapers  upon  the  subject  of  the  proposed 
new  Anglo-American  submarine  telegraph  by  way 
of  the  Faroes,  Iceland,  Greenland,  and  Labrador. 
I  shall  be  indebted  to  any  of  your  correspondents 
who  will  politely  refer  me  to  the  prints  in  ques- 
tion, or  any  of  them.  Any  statistical  information 
with  reference  to  this  project  will  also  be  accep- 
table ;  more  especially  as  to  soundings  made  in 
these  seas,  the  results  of  which  may  or  may  not 
have  been  published. 

Such  information  may  be  furnished  to  me 
through  "  N.  &  Q.,"  or  direct  to  my  address  at 
foot.  T.  LAMPRAY. 

18.  Clement's  Inn,  W.C. 

"  WITHERED  VIOLETS."  —  Twenty  years  ago  I 
met  with  some  verses  upon  "  Withered  Violets," 
beginning  : 

"  Long  years  have  passed,  pale  flowers,  since  you 
Were 


ere  culled  and  given  in  brightest  bloom, 
y  one  whose  eyes  eclipsed  their  blue, 
Whose  breath  was  like  their  own  perfume." 

I  should  feel  obliged  for  the  remainder  of  the 


poem,  and  its  author  and  occasion. 


N.  J.  A. 


"  N.  &  Q."  CUTTINGS.  —  Cuttings  from  "  N.  & 
Q."  are  always  troublesome  when  they  extend  over 
more  than  one  page.  Is  there  any  simple  plan  of 
splitting  ordinary  paper  so  that  the  matter  may  be 
pasted  in  a  uniform  manner  in  scrap-books  ?  If 
so,  it  would  be  very  useful  to  collectors  of  news- 
paper and  other  scraps.  Some  years  ago  "  bank- 
notes" were  split,  apparently  by  simple  means,  and 
if  this  can  be  done  readily  and  easily  in  the  case 
of  ordinary  printed  matter,  it  would  be  very  valu- 
able to  collectors  generally.  ESTE. 

[Had  the  suggestion  contained  in  the  first  part  of 
ESTE'S  communication  reached  us  in  time  for  its  adop- 
tion, we  would  gladly  have  given  it  our  consideration, 
but  it  is  now  too  late,  and  we  have  therefore  omitted  it.  — 
ED.  "N.  &Q.»] 

ILLINGWORTH'S  LANCASHIRE  COLLECTIONS.  —  In 
Palmer's  Abridgement  of  Calamy's  Nonconformists 
Memor.  (vol.  i.  p.  263.,  8vo.  1802),  it  is  stated 


that  Mr.  James  Illingworth,  B.D.,  Fellow  of  Em- 
manuel  College,  Cambridge,  and  a  native  of  Lan- 
cashire, "  had  made  large  Collections  of  the 
Memoirs  of  noted  men,  especially  in  Lancashire." 
He  died  in  1693.  Where  are  these  manuscripts 
deposited  ?  or  is  their  fate  known  ?  F.  It.  R, 


NATHANIEL  HOOKE.  —  In  the  Sale  Catalogue  of 
the  late  Sir  William  Betham's  Genealogical  and 
Heraldic  Manuscripts,  p.  12.,  lot  53.,  appears  the 
"  Patent  of  James  III.  creating  Nathaniel  Hooke 
a  Peer  of  Ireland."  Who  was  he?  and  how,  if 
at  all,  connected  with  Nathaniel  Hooke,  the  his- 
torian ?  ABHBA. 

[The  individual  noticed  in  the  patent  is  no  doubt  Na- 
thaniel Hooke,  the  Duke  of  Monmouth's  private  chaplain, 
who  was  sent  from  Bridgwater  to  London  to  forward  the 
rising  which  Danvers  and  others  had  undertaken  to 
create.  He  lay  concealed  till  June  21,  1688,  when  he 
threw  himself  at  the  feet  of  James  IT.,  and  procured  a 
pardon.  He  afterwards  became  a  Roman  Catholic,  and  a 
zealous  partisan  of  King  James,  whom  he  followed  into 
exile,  and  an  officer  of  the  French  arm}'-,  in  which  ser- 
vice he  rose  to  the  rank  of  Lieutenant -General.  He  is 
spoken  of  by  Lockhart  in  his  Memoirs,  p.  197.,  as  a  sub- 
tle, pragmatical  fellow,  who  was  sent  over  to  Scotland  in 
1705,  where  he  showed  "  a  great  concern  to  raise  a  com- 
bustion." He  was  more  bent  on  a  civil  war,  which  the 
King  of  France,  now  become  his  master,  wanted,  than  to 
serve  King  James.  He  was  taken  prisoner  at  the  siege 
of  Menin  in  1706,  and  he  was  hardly  persuaded  not  to 
tell  the  Duke  of  Argyle  he  had  been  in  Scotland  the  year 
before.  In  1708,  he  was  sent  plenipotentiary  to  the  Ja- 
cobite party  in  that  country.  Consult  Roberta's  Life  of 
theDukeo/Monmouth,ii.  328. ;  Lockhart  Papers,  i.  229-234. 
and  Hardwicke's  State  Papers,  ii.  332.  533.  and  538. 
May  not  this  individual  be  the  Roman  Historian,  as  his 
biographers  seem  to  know  nothing  of  him  before  the  year 
1722?] 

LORD  NELSON  AND  LADY  HAMILTON.  —  Was 
Nelson  indeed  guilty  of  the  execution  of  Carac- 
cioli  at  Lady  Hamilton's  instigation  or  not  ? 

It  is  a  fair  question  for  discussion  in  "  N.  &  Q.," 
particularly  as  an  author  of  this  year  distinctly 
asserts  it.  <j>. 

[So  much  has  been  written  on  this  painful  matter  that 
we  can  do  but  little  more  than  refer  our  correspondent  to 
those  eminent  writers  who  have  carefully  investigated  it 
in  all  its  bearings.  Southey  (Life  of  Nelson,  p.  198.  edit. 
1830),  speaks  of  it  as  "  a  deplorable  transaction !  a  stain 
upon  the  memory  of  Nelson,  and  the  honour  of  England! 
To  palliate  it  would  be  in  vain,  to  justify  it  would  be 
wicked."  Lord  Brougham  laments  that  ""Nelson,  in  an 
unhappy  moment,  suffered  himself  to  fall  into  the  snares 
laid  for  his  honour  by  regal  craft,  and  baited  with  fasci- 
nating female  charms Seduced  by  the  profligate 

arts  of  one  woman,  and  the  perilous  fascinations  of  another, 
he  lent  himself  to  a  proceeding  deformed  by  the  blackest 
colours  of  treachery  and  of  murder.  A  temporary  aberra- 
tion of  mind  can  e'xplain  though  not  excuse  this  dismal 
period  of  his  history."  (Historical  Sketches  of  Statesmen, 
Second  Series,  i.  209.  edit.  1845.)  Consult  also  Clarke  and 
M' Arthur's  Life  of  Nelson,  ii.  188,  The  entire  question 


428 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"d  s.  IX.  JUNE  2.  '60. 


has  been  subjected  to  a  minute  and  careful  examination 
by  Sir  N.  H.  Nicolas  in  an  Appendix  to  vol.  iii.  of  Nelson's 
Dispatches,  where  he  endeavours  to  mitigate  or  remove 
the  weighty  charges  brought  against  the  brave  admiral.] 

PASSAGE  IN  BEDE.  —  In  the  following  passage 
from  Bede,  what  is  the  meaning  aud  force  of  "  pro 
indigenis?"  — 

"  Quibus  ad  sua  remeantibus,  cognita  Scotti  Pictique 
reditus  denegatione,  redeunt  confestim  ipsi,  et  solito  con- 
fidentiores  facti,  omnem  Aquilonalem  Extremamque  in- 
sulaj  partem  pro  indigenis  muro  tenus  usque  capessuut."  — 
Bede,  Hist.  Eccl  lib.  i.  cap.  12. 

OXONIENSIS. 

[We  would  submit  to  our  learned  correspondent  that 
in  the  passage  to  which  he  refers,  Bede,  by  the  expression 
"  pro  indigenis,"  means  to  imply  that  the  Scots  and  Picts 
took  possession  of  the  N.  part  of  the  island  "  in  the  cha- 
racter of  natives,"  or  "  as  being  natives  ;  "  not  meaning 
thereby  that  they  merely  assumed  that  character,  but 
that  they  occupied  the  territory  in  the  exercise  of  a 
natural  right.  Conf.  "pro  possessori"  (as  possessor), 
"  pro  civi  "  (as  citizen). 

That  such  was  Bede's  view  of  the  Scots  and  Picts  is 
sufficiently  evident  from  Cap.  xii.  §  28  :  —  "  Transmarinas 
autem  dicimus  has  gentes,  non  quod  extra  Brittanniam 
essent  positae,  sed  quia  a  parte  Brittonum  erant  remotte, 
duobus  sinibus  maris  inter  jacentibus,  quorum  unus  ab  ori- 
entali  mari,  alter  ab  occidentali,  Brittaniae  terras  longe 
lateque  irrumpit." 

In  the  translation  of  Bede's  Ecc.  Hist  edited  by  Giles, 
1847,  the  expression  "  pro  indigenis  "  seems  to  have  been 
entirely  overlooked:  but  in  the  old  translation  by  Sta- 
pleton,  1569,  the  sense  of  the  original  is  preserved  with 
tolerable  fidelity  :—  "  all  that  was  without  the  walls  they 
taketh/or  their  owne."] 

LAYSTALL.  —  In  a  late  number  of  the  Gentle- 
man's Magazine,  this  term  is  applied  to  a  dunghill. 
Does  it  not  rather  mean  the  right  to  lay  offal  on  a 
certain  spot  of  land?  In  Chester,  during  the  six- 
teenth and  seventeenth  centuries,  a  grave  in  the 
churchyard  was  denominated  a  laystall—  surely 
not  from  any  analogy  between  the  two  ? 

T.  HUGHES. 

Chester. 


states,  that  "  Laystall  is  a  dunghill  ;  according 
to  Skinner,  from  lay  and  stall,  because  they  lay  there  what 
they  take  from  the  stalls  or  stables.  Coles  also  renders  it 
by  sterquilinium.  Also  any  heap  of  dirt,  rubbish,  &c. 
Perhaps  (adds  Nares)  it  is  rather  a  stall,  or  fixed  place, 
on  which  various  things  are  laid;  q.d.  a  lay-place,  a  lay- 


PRIDEAUX.  —  What  is  the  etymology  of  Pri- 
deaux?  S.  E.  P. 

United  Service  Club. 

[  Play  fair  (Family  Antiquity,  vi.  190.)  has  given  the  most 
plausible  account  of  the  origin  of  this  name.  He  says, "  The 
name  itself  is,  apparently,  composed  of  the  French  words, 
Pres  (near)  and  d'eaux  (waters) ;  which  compound,  sup- 
posing it  to  be  the  origin  of  the  sirname  of  Prideaux, 
was,  at  an  early  period,  changed  into  Priddeaux,  or 
Pridiaux,  or  Prideaux :  for  in  Cornwall,  in  the  hundreds 
of  Powder  and  Pider,  there  are  two  places  severally 
called  Priddiaux  hart,  in  the  former  hundred,  and  Prid- 
diaux  magna,  in  the  latter  one,  which  may  have  either 
given  the  name  to  the  Prideaux  family,  or  derived  their 
designation  from  it."] 


ASMODETJS.  —  What  is  the  etymology  of  As- 
modeus  ?  On  the  supposition  that  by  it  Lesage 
means  "  the  god  in  the  bottle  "  or  elsewhere,  the 
latter  portion  is  clear.  But  what  is  asmo  ?  There 
is  no  word  like  it,  so  far  as  I  know,  in  Latin,  nor 
in  Greek,  unless  ao-ny  be  so  considered.  W. 


[Asmodeus,  who  appears  under  the  several  aliases  of 
Asmodeeus,  Asmodi,  Asmodai,  Asmedaius,  and,  in  Rab- 
binical Hebrew,  Ashmedai,  is  generally  supposed  to  have 
derived  his  name  from  the  Heb.  shamad,  to  destroy.  See 
Buxtorf,  Lex.  Chald.  Talm.  Rabb.  Some,  however,  have 
thought,  though  with  less  probability,  that  the  name  was 
originally  Es-Modai,  Median  fire,  "  weil  er  denen  Medern 
das  Feuer  der  unziichtigen  Liebe  eingeblasen  hatte." 
Zedler's  Lexicon.  The  o  of  Asmodeus  seems  to  intimate 
that  the  word  passed  from  the  Heb.  into  modern  lan- 
guages through  the  Chaldee  and  Syriac.] 


EXCOMMUNICATION. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  364.) 

Instances  of  excommunication  in  the  Protestant 
communities,  for  which  MR,  WILLIAMSON  asks, 
may  -easily  be  furnished  him.  By  men  of  "  the 
new  learning,"  the  power  itself  was  immediately 
claimed  and  vigorously  acted  upon,  both  in  Scot- 
land and  this  country.  In  his  Liturgy  for  the 
Scottish  Presbyterians,  John  Knox  sets  forth  pre- 
tensions to  such  an  attribute  of  ecclesiastical  au- 
thority, in  words  about  which  there  can  be  no 
mistake :  — 

"  0  Lord  Jesu  Christ,  thy  expressed  word  is  our  assur- 
ance, and  therefore,  in  boldness  of  the  same,  here  in  thy 
name,  and  at  the  commandment  of  this  thy  present  con- 
gregation, we  cut  off,  seclude,  and  excommunicate  from 
thy  body,  and  from  our  society,  N.  as  a  proud  contemner, 
and  slanderous  person,  and  a  member  for  the  present  al- 
together corrupted,  and  pernicious  to  the  body.  And  this 
his  sin  (albeit  with  sorrow  of  our  hearts)  by  virtue  of  our 
ministry,  we  bind  and  pronounce  the  same  to  be  bound, 
in  heaven  and  earth.  We  further  give  over,  into  the 
hands  and  power  of  the  devil,  the  said  N.  to  the  destruc- 
tion of  his  flesh ;  straitly  charging  all  that  profess  the 
Lord  Jesus,  to  whose  knowledge  this  our  sentence  shall 
come,  to  repute  and  hold  the  said  N.  accursed  and  un- 
worthy of  the  familiar  society  of  Christians;  declaring 
unto  all  men  that  such  as  hereafter  (before  his  repent- 
ance) shall  haunt,  or  familiarly  accompany  him,  are 
partakers  of  his  impiety,  and  subject  to  the  like  condem- 
nation. 

"  This  our  sentence,  O  Lord  Jesus,  pronounced  in  thy 
name,  and  at  thy  commandment,  we  humbly  beseech 
thee  to  ratify  even  according  to  thy  promise."  —  Collier's 
Ecc.  Hist.,  ed.  Lathbury,  vi.  578. 

For  not  coming  to  the  synod  held  at  Westmin- 
ster, A.D.  1571,  Richard  Cheyney  of  Gloucester 
was  thus  solemnly  excommunicated  by  Parker:  — 

"Nos  Matthasus,  £c.  reverendum  in  Christo  patrem 
Dom.  Richardum  Glocestren.  &c.  de  consensu  confratrum 
nostrorum  nobiscum  in  hac  .present!  convocatione  assi- 
dentium  excommunicamus  in  hiis  scriptis."  —  Collier,  Ib. 
ix.  342. 

Among  its  several  truly  valuable  publications 


2"*  S.  IX.  JUNE  2.  '600 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


429 


the  Surtees  Society  has  printed  two  which  afford 
us  some  curious  instances  of  Protestant  excommu- 
nication. In  the  "  Depositions  and  other  Ecclesi- 
astical Proceedings  from  the  Courts  of  Durham," 
we  find  that  "  Gawen  Lawson  (churchwarden), 
beinge  required  of  the  curate- to  put  fourth  of  the 
church  one  John  Doffenby,  as  a  person  excom- 
municated, in  tytne  of  service,  he  openly  refused 
so  to  do  "  (ib.  p.  93.) ;  in  consequence  of  which 
this  Lawson  had  a  libel  presented  against  him ; 
and  a  little  farther  on  we  see  how  "  the  same 
John  Doffenby,  being  a  person  excommunicate, 
came  into  Mitfourth  church  in  tyme  of  service, 
and  beinge  admonished  to  departe  thence  would 
not,  but  gave  evill  language,  saying  that  he  cared 
not  for  the  Commissary  and  his  laws,  nor  for  the 
curate,  and  bad  them  com  who  durst  and  cary 
him  out  of  the  church,  for  they  shuld  first  bynd 
his  hands  and  his  feat ;  wherupon  the  curate  was 
driven  to  leave  of  service  at  the  Gospell"  (ib.  p. 
95.).  A  William  Claverynge  got  himself  into 
some  trouble  for,  among  other  things,  being  too 
familiar  with  an  excommunicated  neighbour :  — 
"  Mr.  Chancelor  admonished  hym  not  to  have 
anything  to  doo  with  Roger  Wright,  bothe  judi- 
cially and  privately,  during  the  time  of  the  ex- 
communication "  (ib.  p.  99.).  "The  Acts  of  the 
High  Commission  Court  within  the  Diocese  of 
Durham  "  tell  us  of  other  instances  of  excommu- 
nication ;  thus,  "  for  his  laieinge  violent  handes 
uppon  the  clergie,  he  (Robert  Brandling  of  Alne- 
wick  Abbey,  Esqre.,  A.D.  1633)  shalbe  denounced 
excommunicate  ipso  facto,  in  his  parish  church, 
accordinge  to  the  statute"  (ib.  p.  68.).  Information 
was  made  against  "John  Dobsonn,  clerk,  A.D.  1633, 
for  sufferinge  an  excommunicate  personn  to  be 
buried  in  the  churchyard  "  (ib.  p.  72.)  ;  and  some- 
time towards  A.D.  1634,  Mathias  Wrightson  of  Eb- 
chester,  clerk,  and  the  churchwardens,  did  present 
George  Sympson  for  his  negligent  comeing  to  the 
church,  whereupon  process  were  awarded  forth  of 
Mr.  Archdeacon's  court  of  Durham,  and  published 
by  examinate,  and  after  that  came  an  excommuni- 
cation against  Sympson,  which  he  alsoe  published 
and  returned  to  Durham,  since  which  examinate 
beleeveth  he  hath  stood  excommunicate,  in  regard 
he  never  brought  testimonialls  of  absolucion  to 
examinate,  neyther  did  he  since  that  tyme  come 
in  the  church  to  heare  divine  service  or  receive 
the  Sacrament,  saveing  that  on  Sondaie  the  fit  of 
this  moneth,  being  a  communion  daie,  Sympson 
came  to  the  church.  Tolde  him  that  he  could  not 
receive  him  thither,  unles  he  had  brought  a  certi- 
ficat  of  his  absolucion,  whereupon  he  tolde  exa- 
minate that  he  had  none,  and  soe  departed  "  (ib. 
82.).  In  1624,  one  of  the  charges  against  Dr. 
Cradock  (one  of  the  prebendaries  of  Durham)  in 
the  House  of  Commons,  was  "a  forged  excommu- 
nication" (ib.). 

The  above  examples  are  quite  enough  to  show 


how  the  power  of  excommunication  was  claimed 
by  Protestants,  and  what  were  the  consequences 
to  those  against  whom  it  was  called  into  action. 

DA.  ROCK. 
Brook  Green,  Hammersmith. 


Excommunication  was  common  in  the  Church 
of  England  during  the  seventeenth  century.  I 
have  seen  numerous  entries  relative  to  this  punish- 
ment in  the  parish  registers  of  Lincolnshire  and 
Yorkshire ;  they  are,  I  am  informed,  not  infre- 
quent in  other  parts  of  England.  I  have  now 
laid  before  me  a  transcript  of  the  register  of  the 
parish  of  Scotter,  near  Kirton  in  Lindsey,  in 
which,  among  others,  the  following  notices  occur. 
They  well  illustrate  the  reasons  for  which  this 
ecclesiastical  usage  was  so  long  retained  :  — 

"  May  27.  1677^ — Johanna  Johnson  absolved  from  the 
sentence  of  excomunication  and  did  her  penence  y*  day 
and  the  29tu  of  May  following  for  comitting  fornication 
with  one  Robt  Knight  of  Morton  in  the  parish  of  Gains- 
burgh. 

"  Excommunicated  Jan.  25.  1677  these  following : 

John  Brumby. 

Rebecca  Brumby. 

Robert  FoAvler. 

Helen  Fowler. 

Robert  Pye. 

Mary  Pye. 

John  Robinson,  sen. 

WilK  Stocks  and  his  wife. 

Joanna  Brookhouse. 

William  Soulby. 

George  Shadforth. 

Sarah  Shadforth. 

James  Herring. 

Alice  Herring. 

Robert  Fowler,  sen. 

"  All  these  were  presented  by  Mr.  Smith  when  he  was 
Church-Warden  att  that  visitation,  when  every  Parish 
were  enjoynd  to  give  in  the  number  of  Conformists  and 
Non-Conformists. 

"  Mathew  Whalley  of  Scawthorp  was  excomunicated 
March  24,  1667. 

"  p'  non  solvendo  taxat'  ecclias. 

"  Mathew  Whalley  of  Scawthorp  was  absolved  June 
21,  1668. 

"  Memorandum  that  on  Septuagesima  Sunday,  being 
thejl9th  day  of  January  1667  one  Francis  Drury  an  Ex- 
comunicate  person  came  into  the  church  in  time  of  divine 
service  in  ye  morning,  and  being  admonisht  by  me  to 
begon,  hee  obstinately  refused,  where  upon  y°  whole  con- 
gregation departed  and  after  the  same  manner  in  the 
afternoon  the  same  day  hee  came  againe  and  refusing 
againe  to  goe  out,  the  whole  congregation  again  went 
home,  soe  y*  little  or  noe  service  pformed  y*  day.  I  pre- 
vented his  further  coming  in  y*  manner  as  hee  threatened 
by  order  from  the  Justice  upon  the  Statute  of  Queene 
Elizabeth  concerning  the  molestation  and  disturbance  of 
publiq  preachers. 

"  Wm.  CARRINGTON,  Rector. 
"  0  tempora  o  mores." 

EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

Bottesford  Manor,  Brigg. 


Mary  Hornby. 
Anne  Taylor. 
Eliz.  Robinson. 
Fran.  Drury. 
Mary  Drury,  sen. 
Mary  Drury,  jun. 
Thomas  Hornby. 
Wm.  Robinson,  jun. 
Sarah  Lealand. 
Anne  Tenant. 
Robert  Hoole,  jun. 
Ann  Storr. 
Robert  Herring. 
Ruth  Herring. 
Xtobell  Fowler. 


430 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


g.  ix.  JUNE  2.  '60. 


THE  WIT  OF  LANE. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  385.) 

Bridget  Henley  was  the  only  daughter  of  Lord 
Northington,  the  swearing  Lord  Chancellor,  who 
died  in  1772.  Bridget's  brother,  the  second  and 
last  lord,  died  in  1786,  when  the  title  became 
extinct.  Bridget  inherited  the  wit,  coarseness, 
and  love  of  jocularity  which  distinguished  her 
celebrated  father.  Her  mother,  however,  was  a 
remarkably  stupid  woman.  A  sample  of  her  ig- 
norance is  to  be  found  in  her  telling  George  III. 
that  Lord  Northington's  house  (The  Grange)  was 
built  by  "  Indigo  Jones."  As  the  King  replied 
that  "he  thought  so,  by  the  style,"  the  chancellor 
used  to  say  that  "  he  did  not  know  which  was  the 
greater  fool,  his  Majesty  or  my  Lady."  Bridget 
married  into  a  family  which,  like  her  own,  num- 
bers but  two  peers.  The  first  Lord  Bingley 
(created  in  1713)  left  an  only^child,  one  daughter, 
Ilariet,  who  married  the  Tory  George  Lane.  This 
gentleman  was  created  Baron  Bingley  in  1762. 
Bridget  Henley  married  their  only  son,  George 
Fox  Lane,  who  died  before  his  father,  and  then 
the  Bingley  title  became  extinct.  The  late  George 
Lane  Fox,  of  Bramham  Park,  Yorkshire,  once 
told  me  that  the  ecstatic  lady  listening  to  the 
great  Italian  singer  in  Hogarth's  "  Modern  Con- 
versazione "  {Marriage  a  la  Mode)  was  a  portrait 
of  Bridget  Lane ;  and  that  the  sleeping  squire  be- 
hind her  was  a  portrait  of  her  husband.  George 
III.  and  Queen  Charlotte  delighted  in  the  jokes 
and  smart  sayings  of  Bridget,  who  was  ever  wel- 
come at  Court  as  a  sort  of  licensed  court-jester. 
When  Walpole  was  sneering  at  Goldsmith's  She 
Stoops  to  Conquer  as  low,  he  spoke  of  the  heroine 
having  "  no  more  modesty  than  Lady  Bridget, 
and  the  author's  wit  as  much  manque  as  the 
lady's."  The  fine  gentleman  of  Strawberry  Hill 
affected  to  be  shocked  at  the  double  entendres  of 
poor  Bridget,  —  an  affectation  perfectly  hypocri- 
tical on  the  part  of  a  man  whose  manuscript 
common-place  book,  which  I  was  the  other  day 
looking  through  for  the  first  time,  is  a  collection 
of  all  the  licentious  stories  then  current  in  society, 
written  out  with  great  care  and  elegance. 

In  1773,  Walpole  announced  to  Lord  Nune- 
ham  the  approaching  marriage  of  "  Bridget  Lane 
and  Mr.  Tall-Match."  The  latter  was  John  Tolle- 
mache  of  the  Hoyal  Navy,  fourth  son  of  the  third 
Earl  Dysert.  Bridget  Tollemache  resided  now  at 
Ham,  and  Walpole's  ill-feeling  towards  her  is  ex- 
hibited in  a  letter  to  Lady  Ossory  (August,  1782), 
in  which  he  bewails  the  paucity  of  news  in  his 
letters,  notwithstanding  his  "  neighbourhood  is 
enriched  by  some  invention,  as  Lady  Cecilia  John- 
stone's  at  Petersham,  and  Lady  Bridget  Tolle- 
mache's  at  Ham  Common."  That  locality  was 
then  a  gay  place,  and  private  plays  were  enacted 
there,  the  visitors  to  which  returned  home  under 


the  escort  of  servants  with  blunderbusses,  who, 
"  when  drawn  up  after  the  play,"  says  Walpole, 
"  you  would  have  thought  it  had  been  a  midnight 
review  of  conspirators  on  a  heath."  The  kindness 
of  the  lively  Bridget  to  Walpole's  "  Waldegrave 
niece"  does  not  seem  to  have  kindly  affected 
Walpole  himself.  The  second  marriage  of  the 
once  bold-witted  lady  ended  unhappily.  John 
Tollemache,  her  husband,  was  killed  by  Lord 
Muncaster  in  a  duel  near  New  York,  and  their 
only  son,  Lionel  Robert,  of  the  Guards,  was  slain 
in  1794,  at  the  storming  of  Valenciennes. 

Walpole  alludes  to  the  once  sprightly  and  au- 
dacious Bridget  very  often,  but  only  once  with 
an  air  of  approval.  In  a  letter  to  Lady  Ossory 
(August,  1777),  he  says  :  — 

"  Lord  Suffolk  is  certainly  to  marry  Lady  Aylesford's 
daughter,  Lady  Charlotte.  She  cannot  complain  of  being 
made  a  nurse,  for  he  could  have  no  other  reason  for  mar- 
rying her,  she  is  so  plain;  and  I  suppose  he  knows  she  is 
good  or  sensible.  I  said  so  to  Lady  Bridget  Tollemache, 
and  she  replied,  '  How  does  one  know  whether  a  homely 
young  woman  is  good  or  not,  before  she  is  married  ? '  She 
is  in  the  right." 

These  small  memoranda  touching  Bridget  Hen- 
ley, Lane,  Tollemache,  will  perhaps  furnish  W.  D. 
with  the  "  something  more  "  he  naturally  desires 
to  know  about  one  of  the  great  ladies  of  her  day. 

JOHN  DORAN. 


TAP  DRESSING. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  345.) 

In  1855,  while  passing  an  evening  hour  at  a  gar- 
den-gate in  the"  village  of  Baslow,  a  youth  arrived 
bearing  on  his  arm  a  very  large  basket,  well  gar- 
nished with  flowers  of  divers  kinds  and  colours ;  an 
increase  of  which  he  solicited  by  a  selection  from, 
my  friend's  garden — such  as  had  already  been 
granted  him  by  others  in  the  village.  Upon  in- 
quiring, with  the  thirstiness  of  an  antiquary,  the 
meaning  of  this  goodly  basket  of  flowers,  I  was 
informed  that  young  Corydon  was  collecting  them 
for  the  Pilsley  "  Well,"  or  "  Tap  "  dressing.  When 
all  was  ready,  I  visited  Pilsley  to  join  in  the  fes- 
tival, and  found  that  it  answered  exactly  to  an 
account  in  a  letter  written  to  me  by  a  brother  in 
1851,  describing  the  "Well"  dressing  which  he 
witnessed  at  the  above-named  place.  It  was  as 
follows :  — 

"  After  tea,  we  all  went  up  to  Pilsley  to  witness  a 

« Village  Festival,'  or  <  Wake,'  as  it  is  called In 

the  morning  a  procession  passed  thro'  Baslow  on  its  way 
to  Pilsley.  It  consisted  of  nine  carts  and  waggons  of  all 
shapes  and  sizes,  containing  the  boys  and  girls  of  Eyam 
School,  with  their  dads  and  mams,  uncles  and  aunts, 
brothers  and  sisters,  cousins  and  friends ;  a  few  flags,  'and 
headed  by  some  stout  fellows  armed  with  cornopeans  and 
trombones,  blowing  discordant  sounds,  and  'making  day 
hideous.'  They  march  round  the  village  where  the  '  well- 
flowering  '  takes  place,  carrying  their  flags,  and  headed 
by  their  bands.  In  the  afternoon  we  saw  them  come 


2nd  S.  IX.  JUNE  2.  '60. ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


431 


back,  the  chaps  in  the  cart  blowing  away  as  fresh  as 
ever.  When  we  went  up  in  the  evening,  we  found  quite 
'a  throng 'in  the  village.  People  come  from  all  parts; 
and  it  seems  to  be  the  custom  with  those  who  can  afford 
it,  to  keep  open  house  for  the  day.  A  great  deal  of  taste 
and  fancy  is  exhibited  in  the  'well-flowering,'  or  'well- 
dressing,'  or  « tap-dressing,'  as  it  is  variously  called.  Be- 
hind two  of  the  taps  that  supply  water  to  the  village, 
was  erected  a  large  screen  of  rough  boards ;  the  principal 
one  was  about  20  feet  square.  The  screen  is  then  plas- 
tered over  with  moist  clay,  upon  which  the  Duke  of 
Devonshire's  arms,  and  a  great  variety  of  fanciful  devices 
and  mottoes,  are  executed  in  various  colours  by  sticking 
flowers  and  buds  into  the  clay,  by  which  means  they 
keep  fresh  for  several  days.  The*  background  to  the  de- 
vices is  formed  with  the  green  leaves  of  the  fir.  Some  of 
the  ornaments  are  formed  of  shells  stuck  into  the  clay. 
Branches  of  trees  are  arranged  at  the  sides  of  the  screen ; 
and  in  the  front  a  miniature  garden  is  laid  out,  with  tiny 
gravel-walks,  and  flower-beds  with  shell  borders,  and 
surrounded  by  a  fence  of  stakes  and  ropes.  Opposite  the 
principal  screen  they  had  gone  a  step  farther,  and  at- 
tempted a  fountain  ;  formed  by  the  figure  of  a  duck  with 
outstretched  wings,  straight  neck,  and  bill  wide  open, 
from  which  a  stream  of  water  shot  up  about  a  yard  high. 

There  was  a  handsome  flag  flying  on  the  village 

green,  and  the  same  at  the  inn ;  and  a  pole  decorated 
with  flowers,  and  a  young  tree  tied  to  the  lower  part ;  and 
a  few  stalls  for  nuts  and  gingerbread.  A  very  large  tent 
in  which  tea  was  served  at  a  shilling,  and  as  much-  dan- 
cing as  you  liked  afterwards  for  nothing ;  or  the  dancing 
without  the  tea  for  sixpence ;  and  some  third-rate  itiner- 
ant posturers  in  the  street.  There  was  to  be  a  grand 
display  of  fireworks  between  11  and  12  o'clock;  and  be- 
sides, there  was  dancing  at  the  inn :  so  that,  with  these 
combined  attractions,  no  wonder  the  village  was  in  a 
tremendous  state  of  excitement. 

"  The  '  flowering '  is  so  good,  I  wonder  it  has  not  been 
painted." 

EDWIN  ROFFE. 

Somers'  Town. 


FLAMBARD  BRASS  AT  HARROW. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  179.  286.  370.  408.) 

Having  received  from  a  friend  a  very  perfect 
rubbing  of  the  curious  inscription  on  the  above 
brass,  I  find  my  explanation  (p.  370.)  every  way 
confirmed.  The  second  and  third  words  are 
plainly  and  indisputably  me  do.  The  other  words 
are  given  already,  and  the  only  question  remain- 
ing is  about  the  meaning  of  the  capital  letter  E 
before  the  wordftmcrc.  In  my  former  communi- 
cation, I  considered  it  to  stand  for  et.  I  will  show- 
by  a  few  examples  that  this  is  pretty  certain  :  — 

On  a  brass  at  Loddon,  in  Norfolk,  we  find  : 
"  Orate  p  aia  Joins  gare  E  Margerete  uxis  sue." 

At  Blofield  : 

"  Orate  p  aiab?  Johls  Kydma  E  Margerete  uxis  sue." 

What  is  more  remarkable  is,  that  the  same  was 
used  for  the  word  and  in  English  inscriptions  :  — 

Thus  at  Beighton,  in  Norfolk  : 

"  Here  lythe  Rycharde  Leman  E  Mgaret  hys  wyfe." 

At  Salhouse,  I  omit  all  that  is  superfluous  : 

"...  of  Thomas  Revett  getvllma  .  .  .  .  E  of  Katerine 
bys  wyf." 


At  Upper  Sherringham  : 

"  Thomas  Borgese  E  Mgaret  his  wyf." 

I  think  no  reasonable  doubt  can  remain  that 
the  E  in  the  Flambard  brass  stands  for  et. 

Since  writing  the  above,  I  have  read  in  "  N.  & 
Q."  the  interesting  communications  of  MR.  J.  G. 
NICHOLS  and  of  CANON  WILLIAMS,  in  farther  elu- 
cidation of  the  obscure  inscription  on  the  above 
brass.  I  am  quite  of  opinion  that  we  ought,  and 
also  that  we  can  arrive  at  the  meaning,  without 
any  necessity  for  supposing  that  the  engraver  took 
any  liberty  with  the  original  inscription.  I  place 
little  or  no  reliance  on  the  laws  of  prosody  in 
these  old  inscriptions,  where  the  jingle  of  rude 
rhyme  seems  chiefly  to  have  commanded  atten- 
tion. As  regards  the  first  words,  therefore  :  — 

1.  Jon  me  do,  — by  adopting  my  interpretation, 
we  do  not  deprive  tumulatur  of  a  nominative  case  ; 
we  simply  provide  it  with  another  in  Flam.     It  is 
true  that  there  is  an  abrupt  transition  from  the 
first  to  the  third  person  ;  but  that  is  only  one  of 
those  anomalies  which  so  often  startle  us  in  old 
inscriptions. 

2.  With   regard  to  the  contraction  q0?,   MR. 
NICHOLS  remarks,  that  to  represent  quoque  com- 
pletely, it  ought  to  have  been  engraved  q°q-$  :  but 
the  contraction  5  does  duty  on  brasses  for  various 
terminations,  such  as  -us,  and  even  -orum,  as  we 
often  find  qy  aiab"*>  for  quorum  animabus.      Thus 
the  engraver  having  sufficiently  to  his  mind  re- 
presented quo  by  5°,  might  very  consistently  let 
3  stand  for  que.     I  can  show  that  this  was  done  in 
a  much  later  brass,  and  even  when  the  inscription 
was  in  Roman  capitals.     In  the  curious  brass  of 
Herman  Blanfort,  in  the  church  of  St.  Columbafc, 
at  Cologne,  date  1554,  may  be  seen  in  the  third 
line  of  the  inscription,  the  words  Heu  quoque  ex- 
pressed thus,  HEV  QZ. 

3.  MR.  NICHOLS  does  not  think  with  me  that 
E  was  intended  for  et ;  and  CANON  WILLIAMS  soys 
he  will  surrender  if  I  can  produce  an  example. 
In  the  above  communication  I  have  produced,  I 
trust,  sufficient  proofs,  both  from  Latin  and  Eng- 
lish inscriptions. 

4.  MR.  NICHOLS  objects  to  tueatur  being  taken 
in  the  active  sense.     I  trust  CANON  WILLIAMS  in 
2nd  S.  ix.  409.  has  said  enough  in  defence  of  our 
joint  opinion.     If  it  be  objected  that  numen  being 
neuter,  hie  cannot  agree  with  it,  though  I  think  it 
sufficient   that   hie   may,  generally   refer   to   the 
Deity,  I  see  no  reason  that  would  forbid  us  to 
refer  hie  to  ordine,  and  understand  it  to  mean  — 
"  may  this  same  order  of  God  protect  Flambard." 

Why  does  MR.  NICHOLS  finish  with  so  unjust 
an  insinuation  as  that  a  prayer  that  Flambard 
might  be  saved  by  the  stripes  of  our  B.  Saviour, 
would  be  "  too  evangelical  a  sense  for  the  time 
when  the  epitaph  was  written?"  Are  Catholics 
to  be  ever  taunted  with  such  unfounded  asper- 
sions, and  in  pages  too  where,  as  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  a 


432 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  IX.  JUNE  2.  '60. 


refutation  is  inadmissible?     This  is  both  unjust 
and  ungenerous.  F.  C.  H. 


LEWIS  AND  KOTSKA. 
(1st  S.  xii.  135.;  2"d  S.  iii.  93.,  ix.  183.) 
I  think  there  is  some  exaggeration  in  the  state- 
ment that  the  saints  "  were  killed,  whether  with 
their  own  consent  or  not  is  uncertain,  by  being 
laid  on  the  bare   stone   floors,  when   sick   from 
starvation  and   penance."      Sacchinus   thus   de- 
scribes the  death  of  Kotska  :  — 

"  Tnde  institit,  ut  sinerent  humi  seseabjectum,ultimum 
exhalare  spiritum  :  quod  cum  primo  Rector  negasset,  ite- 
rum  instanti,  ex  parte  indulgendum  ratus,  hactenus  con- 
cessit,  ut  humi  cum  culcitra  sterneretur.  Ita  humi  jacens, 
divinissima  mysteria,  et  sua  ac  circumstantium  conso- 
latione  magna  suscepit ;  ad  preces,  qua?  adhibebantur, 
attente,  pieque  respondeus,"  p.  47. 

"  Adedque  leniter  felix  ille  animus  ab  suo  corpusculo, 
quod  h'delissimum  socium,  atque  administrum  habuerat, 
segregatus  est ;  cique  tarn  vividum  colorem,  oculos  usque 
eo  nitentes  reliquit,  ut  adstantes  migratlo  fefellerit ;  man- 
sitque  deinceps  venustissima  in  ore  demortui  species, 
quasi  leniter  et  dulce  renidentis." —  Vita  Beati  Stanislai 
Kotskce,  p.  49.  Ingolstadii,  1609, 12mo. 

In  the  Tragicomredia,  quoted  by  me  (2nd  S.  iii. 
93.)  in  the  argument  of  the  fourth  act,  Ludovicus, 
being  aware  of  his  approaching  death,  goes  to  the 
cell  of  Stanislaus  Kotska  :  — 

"Ingressus  deinde  illud  idem  cubiculum,  in  quo  Sta- 
nislaus dicessit  e  vita,  ejusque  facinora  tabellis  circum 
undique  appensis,  mandata  miratus,  maxime  invidet  feli- 
cissimse  mortis  maturitatem;  quam  a  Deo  impetrasse 
societati  nuntiet." 

I  can  find  no  account  of  Ghisberto.  The  only 
picture  relating  to  these  saints  which  I  have  seen 
was  among  the  "  Old  Masters  "  at  the  British  In- 
stitution, 1851.  It  is  described  in  the  Catalogue, 

"  St.  Louis  di  Gonzaga,  eldest  son  of  the  Duke  of 
Mantua,  who  abdicated  his  succession  in  favour  of  his 
brother,  and  entered  the  society  of  the  Jesuits  in  the  16th 
century.  GUERCINO.  The  property  of  G.  Grant,  Esq." 

It  is  a  large  and  beautiful  picture,  and,  if  I  re- 
member rightly,  it  represents  an  angel  appearing 
to  the  young  saint  as  he  is  praying.  There  are, 
no  doubt,  many  other  pictures  about  which  in- 
formation will  be  acceptable. 

The  books  which  I  have  cited  are  old,  and  not 
likely  to  understate  austerities.  I  mention  this 
because,  in  new  and  revised  editions,  many  strange 
things  are  omitted  and  others  "  rationally  "  inter- 
preted, or  softened.  This  has  happened  to  no  one 
more  than  to  St.  Francis.  Thus  in  La  Vie  Intime 
de  St.Franqois  d'Assise,  Aix,  1858,  published  with 
the  approbation  of  the  archbishop,  Freve  Loup  is 
a  bandit  converted  by  St.  Francis,  who  receives 
the  dress  of  the  order,  and  the  name  of  "  Frere 
Agnelle," — a  great  change  from  Frater  Lupus  in 
L <  Alcoran  des  Cordeliers,  i.  214.,  and  the  Fra 
Lupo  described  in  "  1ST.  &  Q."  1*  S.  xi.  387.  The 
sermons  to  the  birds  and  the  fishes  are  greatly 


modified.  In  U Alcoran,  i.  225.,  is  a  plate  of  St. 
Francis  rolling  naked  in  the  snow,  and  (ii.  69.) 
another  of  him  lying  down  on  a  large  fire,  from 
which  it  would  seem  that  his  desires  were  so 
strong  that  he  tried  homoeopathy  as  well  as  allo- 
pathy, and  succeeded  with  each.  The  cuts  are  b] 
Picart;  the  edition,  Amsterdam,  1734.  H.  B. 
U.  U.  Club. 


e  by 
5.  C. 


The  article  thus  headed  relates  to  Saint  Aloy- 
sius  Gonznga,  and  Saint  Stanislas  Kostka.  Now 
the  first  was  not  laid  on  the  floor,  but  died  in  his 
bed ;  the  second  earnestly  requested,  in  the  spirit 
of  humility  and  penance,  to  be  laid  on  the  floor 
to  receive  the  last  Sacraments,  and  to  die  thus  in 
the  posture  of  a  penitent.  His  request  was  with 
difficulty  granted,  but  a  blanket  was  spread  upon 
the  floor,  and  the  dying  saint  was  laid  upon  it. 
This  was  in  the  afternoon,  and  he  died  a  little 
after  three  the  next  morning.  His  death  oc- 
curred on  the  15th  of  August,  at  Rome,  in  a 
warm  country,  and  in  the  hottest  month  in  the 
year,  so  that  there  is  no  truth  in  the  assertion 
that  he  died  "  from  cold  on  the  bare  stone  floor." 

F.  C.  H. 


AN  ESSAY  OF  AFFLICTIONS  (2nd  S.  ix.  388.)— 
There  can  be  no  doubt  that  Wood  is  correct  in 
ascribing  this  tract  to  Sir  John  Monson.  As  G. 
M.  G.  has  seen  this  rare  little  volume,  it  is  sin- 
gular he  did  not  observe  the  monogram  of  John 
Monson  which  is  affixed  to  the  title-page,  and 
also  to  the  preliminary  address  with  the  date 
20  April,  1646.  Sir  John  Monson  was  then  with 
Charles  I.  at  Oxford.  He  remained  there  on  the 
King's  flight,  and  as  a  Commissioner  for  the  sur- 
render was  lauded  for  his  upright  conduct  by 
both  his  own  and  the  opposite  party.  The  tract 
was  reprinted  after  the  Restoration,  and  the  se- 
cond edition  is  equally  scarce.  Neither  are  to  bo 
found  in  the  British  Museum  or  Bodleian  Library. 

Another  little  essay  by  Sir  John  Monson,  An 
Antidote  against  Error  in  Opinion,  was  printed 
privately  at  the  same  time,  1647,  and  again  re- 
published  in  1661-2.  The  monogram  is  not  at- 
tached to  this,  but  it  bears  internal  evidence  of 
the  same  authorship,  to  any  one  who  might  know 
Sir  John's  works.  He  published  two  other  very 
similar  books  later  in  Charles  the  Second's  reign. 
They  abound  in  references  to  and  quotations  from 
the  Bible  and  the  classics.  The  Antidote  is  dedi- 
cated "  To  the  Right  Honourable  and  most  worthy 
of  all  Honour,"  with  a  monogram  containing  the 
letters  B.  C.  H.  K.,  beginning  "  My  Honoured 
Lord,"  and  ending  "  Your  Lordships  in  all  affec- 
tion to  be  disposed  of."  He  states  that  the  per- 
son addressed  had  already  seen  the  work  in  loose 
papers,  but  he  "  did  not  presume  to  pass  it  under 
his  name,  as  he  denied  it  the  subscription  of  his 
own." 


2"i  S.  IX.  JUNE  2.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


433 


The  most  probable  solution  of  the  name  of  this 
Lord  seems  to  be  Henry  King,  Bishop  of  Chi- 
chester ;  but  if  any  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
has  any  reason  either  to  object  to  or  to  authenti- 
cate this  supposition,  it  would  be  interesting  for 
me  to  know  it. 

I  should  have  thought  the  word  Garrisons  must 
have  not  unfrequently  been  used  as  a  shorter 
mode  of  designating  garrison  towns.  MONSON, 

DICK  TURPIN  (2nd  S.  ix.  386.)  —  I  have  heard 
many  folks  .deny  that  Dick  Turpin  ever  rode  from 
London  to  York  in  twelve  hours  (distance  201 
miles),  but  many  assert  Nevison  did  in  a  certain 
number  of  hours.  This  Nevison  was  born  at  Up- 
sall,  near  Thirsk,  of  most  respectable  parents, 
temp.  Charles  II.,  who  sirnamed  him  "Swift  Nick." 
Nevison  was  hung  during  the  same  Merry  Mon- 
arch's reign  at  York.  Macaulay  alludes  to  him  in 
his  History. 

Some  provincial  ballads  were  extant  of  Nevi- 
son's  famous  ride,  but  are  now  very  scarce  indeed. 

EBORACENSIS. 

A  passage  in  A  Tour  Through  the  whole  Is- 
land of  Great  Britain,  attributed  to  Daniel  De  Foe, 
satisfactorily  answers,  I  think,  the  Query  put  by 
MR.  HOTTEN  in  your  last  number  :  — 

"  We  see  nothing  remarkable  here  but  Gad's-Hill,  a 
noted  place  fur  robbing  of  seamen,  after  they  have  re- 
ceived their  pa}'  at  Chatham.  Here  it  was  that  a  famous 
robbery  was  committed  in  or  about  the  year  1676,  which 
deserves  to  be  mentioned.  It  was  about  four  o'clock  in 
the  morning,  when  a  gentleman  was  robbed  by  one 
Nicks  on  a  bay  mare,  just  on  the  declivity  of  the  Hill,  on 
the  west  side.  Nicks  came  away  to  Gravesend,  and,  as 
he  said,  was  stopped  by  the  difficulty  of  getting  the  boat 
near  an  hour,  which  was  a  great  discouragement  to  him; 
but  he  made  the  best  use  of  it,  as  a  kind  of  'bate  to  his 
horse :  from  thence  he  rode  cross  the  country  of  Essex 
to  Chelmsford.  Here  he  stopped  about  half  an  hour  to 
refresh  his  horse,  and  gave  him  some  balls ;  from  thence 
to  Braintree,  Booking,  Wethersfield ;  then  over  the 
Downs  to  Cambridge;  and  from  thence,  keeping  still 
the  cross  roads,  he  went  by  Fenny  Stanton  to  Godman- 
chester  and  Huntingdon,  where  he  and  his  mare  'bated 
about  an  hour;  and  as  he  said  himself,  he  slept  about 
half  an  hour ;  then  holding  on  the  North  Road  and  not 
keeping  at  full  gallop  most  of  the  way,  he  came  to  York 
the  same  afternoon ;  put  off  his  boots  and  riding-cloths, 
and  went  dressed,  as  if  he  had  been  an  inhabitant  of  the 
place  to  the  Bowling  Green,  where  among  other  gentle- 
men was  the  Lord  Mayor  of  the  City.  He  singled  out 
his  lordship,  studied  to  do  something  particular,  that  the 
Mayor  might  remember  him  by,  and  then  takes  occa- 
sion to  ask  his  lordship  what  o'clock  it  was,  who,  pulling 
out  his  watch,  told  him  the  hour,  which  was  a  quarter 
before  or  a  quarter  after  eight  at  eight. 

'  Upon  a  prosecution  for  this  robbery,  the  whole  merit 
of  the  case  turned  upon  this  single  point ;  the  person 
robbed  swore  to  the  man,  to  the  place,  and  to  the  time  in 
which  the  fact  was  committed ;  but  Nicks,  proving  bv 
the  Lord  Mayor  that  he  was  as  far  off  as  Yorkshire  on 
that  day,  the  jury  acquitted  him  on  a  bare  supposition 
that  it  was  impossible  the  man  could  be  nt  two  places  so 
remote  on  one  and  the  same  day." 

"  Just  on  the  declivity  of  the  Hill  on  the  west 


side  "  must  be  not  many  yards  from  Gad's  Hill 
Place,  the  property  of  Charles  Dickens. 

W.  H.  W. 

JUDAS  TREE  (2nd  S.  ix.  386.  414.)  —In  answer 
to  your  inquiry  concerning  the  flowering  of  the 
Judas  tree  in  England,  I  can  state  that  about  the 
year  18181  planted  one  in  the  pleasure  ground  at 
Hinchingbrook,  Huntingdonshire.  It  was  a  beau- 
tiful small  tree,  taller  than  a  shrub,  and  flowered 
abundantly  for  some  years  till  cut  down  at  the 
same  time  with  several  other  valuable  plants. 

THE  COUNTESS  Dow.  or  SANDWICH. 
46.  Grosvenor  Square, 

This  tree,  when  trained  against  a  south  wall, 
flowers  freely  in  Ireland.  There  is  at  present 
(May  19th)  a  large  specimen,  one  sheet  of  bloom, 
in  the  gardens  of  Kilkenny  Castle.  Perhaps  some 
of  the  correspondents  of  "  N.  &  Q."  can  say  why 
this  beautiful  shrub  has  received  its  English  name 
from  the  betrayer  of  our  Lord.  JAMES  GRAVES. 

Kilkenny. 

Either  your  correspondent  SIR  THOS.  E.  WIN- 
NINGTON  has  a  Judas  tree  very  different  from  mine, 
or  from  any  I  have  met  with,  —  and  I  have  seen 
thousands  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Naples,  where 
they  are  as  common  as  the  blackthorn  in  this 
country, — or  his  notions  of  scarlet  differ  from 
those  commonly  received  amongst  my  acquaint- 
ances. As  a  few  flowers  still  linger  on  my  tree  I 
enclose  you  two  or  three  ;  but  (en  attendant  the 
extension  of  colour  printing)  I  will  describe  them 
as  of  a  delicate  purplish-pink  colour,  like  a  bour- 
sault  rose,  or  as  rose  acacia.  I  think  the  French 
call  it  Arbre  de  Judee,  not  de  Judas.  J.  P.  O. 

I  have  never  seen  the  Italian  Judas  tree  (Cer- 
cis  siliquastruni)  in  flower  in  this  country,  but 
nearly  opposite  the  new  lodge  at  the  north-east 
corner  of  the  Kensington  Gardens  is  a  Canadian 
Judas  tree  (Cercis  canadensis),  which  is  just 
coming  into  flower.  This  year  the  blossoms  are 
not  so  numerous  as  usual,  but  a  year  or  two  back 
the  tree  was  a  mass  of  the  most  beautiful  pink 
and  red  flowers.  J.  A.  PN. 

NOTES  ON  REGIMENTS  (2nd  S.  ix.  23.  111.  395.) 
Horace  Walpole,  writing  to  Mr.  Chute,  June  8, 
1756,  says  "  Dodington  has  translated  well  the 
motto  on  the  caps  of  the  Hanoverians,  "  Vestigia 
nulla  retrorsum,"  they  never  mean  to  go  back  again. 
(Letters,  ed.  by  Cunningham,  vol.  iii.  p.  18.) 

Perhaps  another  paragraph  in  the  same  letter 
may  have  interest  for  your  correspondent  who 
started  the  subject  of  "Witty  Classical  Quota- 
tions : "  — 

"I  told  my  Lord  Bath  General  Wael's  [Spanish  am- 
bassador in  England]  foolish  vain  motto,  'Aut  Caesar 
aut  nihil,"  he  replied, 'He  is  an  impudent  fellow;  he 
should  have  taken  '  Murus  aheneus,' " 

R.  F.  SKETCHLEY. 


434 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  JUNE  2.  'GO. 


OLIPHANT  (2nd  S.  ix.  386.)  —  Tn  a  List  of  the 
Society  of  Writers  to  the  Signet  (of  Edinburgh), 
given  in  Miege's  State  of  Britain  for  1711,  part  ii. 
p.  171.,  will  be  found  the  name  of  "Mr.  ^Eneas 
JEliphant"  G. 

"RocK  OF  AGES  "(2nd  S.  ix.  387.)  — Before 
attempting  to  decide  whether  the  priority  is  due 
to  Toplady's  hymn,  or  to  its  Latin  counterpart 
forwarded  by  your  Rev.  correspondent,  one  would 
wish  to  know  whether  the  latter  has  ever  appeared 
in   print,    and,   if  so,    when    and   where.      It  is 
worthy   of  observation,   however,   that   the  first 
stanza  of  the  hymn,  as  will  be  evident  on  compa- 
rison, very  closely  corresponds  with  a  passage  in 
Daniel  Brevint's  learned  and  pious  tractate  en- 
titled The  Christian  Sacrament  and  Sacrifice  :  — 
"  Rock  of  ages,  cleft  for  me, 
Let  me  hide  myself  in  thee ! 
Let  the  water  and  the  blood, 
From  thy  riven  side  which  flow'd, 
Be  of  sin  the  double  cure, 
Cleanse  me  from  its  guilt  and  pow'r !  " 

Surely  when  Toplady  wrote  these  well-known 
lines,  he  must  have  had  before  him  Brevint's  de- 
vout and  solemn  aspiration :  — 

"  0  Rock  of  Israel,  Rock  of  Salvation,  Rock  struck  and 
cleft  for  me,  let  those  two  streams  of  blood  and  water, 

which  once  gushed  out  of  thy  side bring  down 

with  them  salvation  and  holiness  into  my  soul !  "  (Ed. 
1679,  p.  17.  A  copy  of  this  old  edition,  which  is  the 
third,  will  be  found  in  Dr.  Williams's  library,  Redcross 
Street.) 

THOMAS  BOYS. 

WILLIAM  ROBINSON  (2nd  S.  ix.  331.)— I  am 
sorry  to  have  delayed  noticing  the  polite  informa- 
tion given  by  C.  J.  R.  The  only  additional  facts 
I  can  at  present  furnish  respecting  this  architect 
are,  that  in  1755  he  was  "  Clerk  of  the  Works  at 
Whitehall,  St.  James's,  and  Westminster,"  an  ap- 
pointment held  under  "  His  Majesty's  Board  of 
Works."  In  1748  he  was  at  Greenwich  Hospital ; 
I  believe  in  the  same  capacity,  under  the  same 
Board.  Could  C.  J.  R.  furnish  a  complete  ac- 
count of  him,  I  should  be  glad  to  have  a  copy  for 
the  use  of  the  Dictionary  now  being  issued  by 
the  Architectural  Publication  Society. 

WYATT  PAPWORTH,  Architect. 

14A.  Great  Marlborough  Street. 

HELMSLEY  (2nd  S.  ix.  234.  314.  373.)  — The 
tune  called  Helmsley  is  taken  from  a  song  be- 
ginning — 

"  Guardian  angels  now  protect  me," 
printed  in  the  first  volume  of  The  New  Musical 
and  Universal  Magazine,  8vo.  1774,  p.  18.     It  is 
there  said  to  be  "  Sung  by  Mr.  Mahon  at  Dublin, 
and  by  Miss  Catley  in  the  Golden  Pippin." 

The  piece  of  this  name  was  written  by  O'Hara, 
and  acted  at  Covent  Garden,  for  the  first  time, 
on  the  6th  of  February,  1773.  It  seems  probable 
that  the  song  was  introduced  by  Miss  Catley  in 


the  burletta.  At  any  rate  it  became  popular  im- 
mediately after  this  date,  and  in  the  subsequent 
year  was  converted  into  a  hornpipe,  and  pub- 
lished by  Thompson,  of  St.  Paul's  Churchyard. 

It  was  long  a  favourite  with  the  public  as  "Miss 
Catley' s  Hornpipe,"  and  was  subsequently  known 
as  "  Harlequin's  Hornpipe,"  probably  from  its 
introduction  into  some  pantomime. 

The  melody  of  Guardian  Angels  is  not  identi- 
cally the  same  with  Helmsley.  Some  alterations 
were  necessary  to  twist  the  former  into  the  shape 
of  the  latter ;  but  that  they  are  the  same,  I  have 
not  the  shadow  of  a  doubt. 

I  do  not  quite  understand  MR.  SEDGWICK. 
He  says  (ix.  314.),  "  The  tune  called  Olivers 
[i.  e.  Helmsley~\  was  composed  by  Thomas  Olivers 
some  time  between  the  years  1762-1770." 

And  immediately  afterwards,  "  T.  Olivers  also 
composed  an  hymn  on  the  '  Last  Judgment'  be- 
fore the  year  1759  to  the  same  tune"  How  is  this 
to  be  reconciled  ? 

Helmsley  is  attributed  to  the  Rev.  Martin 
Madan  in  a  large  number  of  Psalm-tune  books  of 
the  latter  part  of  the  eighteenth  century  which  I 
have  examined. 

However,  it  is  not  of  much  consequence  who 
had  the  merit  (?)  of  concocting  this  precious  piece 
of  inspiration.  I  may  be  allowed  to  say  that 
Helmsley  is  one  of  the  most  disgracefully  vulgar 
tunes  that  has  ever  been  suffered  to  creep  into  the 
sanctuary.  It  is  not  a  little  gratifying  to  observe 
that  in  all  recent  collections,  of  any  authority,  it 
is  universally  discarded.  EDWARD  F.  RIMBAULT. 

"THE  THROW  FOR  LIFE  OR  DEATH"  (2nd  S. 
ix.  10.)  —No  authority  has  yet  been  adduced  for 
the  particular  fact  here  recorded :  but  for  the 
statement  that  "  in  former  times  it  was  often  the 
custom,  in  the  application  of  military  punishments, 
&c.,"  cf.  the  "  Satire  upon  Gaming,"  in  S.  But- 
ler's Genuine  Remains,  v.  13 — 18. :  — 

"  As  if  he  were  betray'd,  and  set 
By  his  own  stars  to  every  cheat, 
Or  wretchedly  condemn'd  by  Fate 
To  throw  dice  for  his  own  estate ; 
As  mutineers,  by  fatal  doom, 
Do  for  their  lives  upon  a  drum." 

I  should  be  glad  of  farther  illustrations  of  this 
alleged  practice.  ACHE. 

EXETER  DOMESDAY  (2nd  S.  ix.  386.)  — I  take 
for  granted  that  your  correspondent  G.  P.  P.  al- 
ludes to  an  analysis  of  the  Exon  Domesday, 
somewhat  in  the  style  of  that  of  Norfolk,  pub- 
lished in  1858  by  John  Russell  Smith.  I  am  not 
aware  that  any  such  work  has  ever  come  out, 
But  in  the  mean  time,  if  my  belief  be  right,  and 
if  his  search  be  on  any  antiquarian  grounds,  and 
remain  unsatisfied  by  other  means,  I  shall  be  very 
happy  to  place  my  address  privately  with  you, 
and  give  him  the  benefit  (quantum  valeaf)  of  two 


S.  IX.  JUNE  2.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


435 


or  three  years  spent  in  rather  an  accurate  analysis 
of  the  Domesday  for  Devon  only,  which  I  have 
done  for  my  own  use  and  amusement,  and  in 
which  I  have  gone  somewhat  deeply  into  the 
original  holders  of  land,  their  families  and  de- 
scents as  far  as  they  can  be  traced  by  original  and 
public  records. 

My  work  is  far  from  finished ;  but  if  there  is 
any  one  point,  on  which  I  can  be  of  use  to  him  (if 
it  be  a  single  point  of  research),  I  shall  be  most 
happy  to  assist  him  in  what  is  to  me  a  most  en- 
grossing field  of  research.  I  have  a  full  analysis 
of  tenants  and  subtenants  T.  R.  E.  and  T.  R.  W. 
and  C.  ;  but  your  correspondent  will  find  a  short 
list  of  Devon  manors,  with  some  of  the  modern 
names,  in  the  first  volume  of  Lysons'  Devon,  giving 
there  the  tenants  in  Edward's  reign,  as  well  as  at 
the  Domesday  survey.  M.  A.,  OXON. 

POOR  BELLE  (2nd  S.  ix.  364.)  —  Your  corre- 
spondent tells  us  that  among  the  Ormond  MSS. 
were  four  letters  from  Nell  Gwynne  complaining 
of  the  non-payment  of  her  annuity.  A  like  "  dis- 
tressful situation  "  was  that  of  his  "  Poor  Belle." 
I  suggest  a  misreading  of  B  for  2V.  P.  B. 

There  is  much  that  is  incorrect  in  the  cutting 
sent  by  W.  J.  FITZ-PATBICK,  and  headed  "  Poor 
Belle."  The  repository  alluded  to  was  not  "  sub- 
terraneous," neither  cowld  it  ever  have  been  ne- 
cessary to  employ  chimney  sweeps  to  effect  an 
entrance  thereto.  It  was  a  vaulted  room  in  the 
north-western  tower  of  the  castle,  and  notwith- 
standing its  nine  feet  thick  walls  is  now  fitted  up 
as  a  bed-room.  Nell  Gwynne's  letters  are  pre- 
served in  the  present  Evidence  Chamber,  but  I 
have  never  seen  anything  bearing  on  "Poor 
Belle."  Will  MR.  FITZ-PATRICK  say  what  paper 
the  cutting  is  from  ?  JAMES  GRAVES. 

Kilkenny. 

"  FILLES  D'HONNEUR  "  (2nd  S.  ix.  345.  394.)  — 
This  title  is  somewhat  equivoque,  and  may  not 
always  comprehend  the  four  cardinal  virtues.  A 
French  author  thus  describes  the  manner  in  which 
Louis  XIV.  and  the  court  passed  their  evenings  : 

"Le  souper  e'tait  son  repaa  de  pre'fe'rence ;  il  le  prolon- 
geait,  et  le  faisait  suivre  quelquefois  de  danses  et  de 
petits  bals,  qui  nVtaient  pas  difficiles  &  former,  parmi  la 
troupe  vive  et  folatre  des  jeunes  personnes  qui  compo- 
saient  la  cour  de  la  jeune  Reine,  sous  le  nom  des  filles 
d'honneur,  —  titre,  disait  un  malin,  dfficile  a  soutenir  dans 
vn  tel  pays." 

Y. 

HERB  JOHN  IN-THE-POT  (2nd  S.  vii.  456.)— In 
reply  to  a  question  as  to  what  plant  was  meant  by 
Gurnall  in  his  Christian  Armour  by  Herb  John, 
I  have  no  doubt  it  was  that  which  Cotgrave  calls 
Ilerbe  de  S.  Jean — thin-leaved  Mugwort  —  some 
also  call  it  Clarie,  which  was  formerly  used  as  a 
pot-herb.  S.  BEISLY. 

Sydenham. 


CRAB'S  "  ENGLISH,  IRISH,  AND  LATIN  DICTION- 
ARY" (2nd  S.  ii.  372.) — Since  I  sent  my  Query 
respecting  this  Dictionary,  which  was  presented 
by  Mr.  Burton  Conyngham  to  General  Vallancey, 
I  have  ascertained  that  it  is  safely  deposited  in 
the  Library  of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy,  having 
been  secured  about  the  year  1829  for  the  sum  of 
50/.  Indeed,  the  fact  is  mentioned  in  the  Dublin 
Literary  Gazette,  p.  77.  (30th  January,  1 830)  ; 
and  the  editor  informs  his  readers,  that  "  we  shall 
give  the  very  curious  history  of  this  MS.  volume, 
for  which  we  are  indebted  to  the  learned  and  able 
historian  of  Galway  [the  late  Mr.  Hardiman], 
through  whose  intervention  it  was  purchased  for 
the  R.S.A.,  whenever  our  space  will  permit."  I 
am  anxious  to  read  what  Mr.  Hardiman  has  writ- 
ten on  the  subject;  but  I  cannot  find  it  in  the 
Dublin  Literary  Gazette.  Can  you,  or  anyone, 
assist  me  in  finding  it  elsewhere  ?  ABHBA. 

THREE  KINGS  OP  COLON  (2ud  S.  viii.431.  505.) 
— Chaucer's  Millere  describes  "  hendy  Nicholas," 
the  clerk  of  Oxenforde,  as  making  melodie  on 

"  A  gay  sautrie, 

So  swetely  that  all  the  cliambre  rong ; 
And  Angelus  ad  Virginem  he  song, 
And  after  that  he  song  the  hinges  note" 

Cant.  Tales,  1.  3213—3217. 

Tyrwhitt  confesses  his  ignorance  as  to  what 
"the  kinges  note"  was:  his  note  being  as  fol- 
lows :  — 

"  What  this  '  note  '  or  « tune '  was,  I  must  leave  to  be 
explained  by  the  musical  antiquaries.  '  Angelus  ad  Vir- 
ginem,' I  suppose,  was  '  Ave  Maria,'  &c." 

I  know  not  whether  the  musical  antiquaries 
have  accepted  Tyrwhitt's  challenge  to  explain  the 
phrase  :  but  may  not  this  "  tune  of '  The  Kinges ' " 
have  been  the  ""  Anthem  of  the  Three  Kings  of 
Colon  "  ?  ACHE. 

JACK  (2nd  S.  ix,  281.)— In  reply  to  your  querist 
allow  me  to  suggest  that  "  Union  Jack "  may 
be  a  corruption  of  "  Union  Check ;  "  and  to  query 
whether  this  popular  emblem  of  British  supremacy 
on  the  seas  may  not  have  been,  if  the  fact  be  so, 
applied  to  all  flags,  and  thus  solve  the  question 
which  G.  B.  requires  to  be  elucidated.  PUCK. 

G.  B.  would  find  an  explanation  of  the  "  Union 
Jack  "  in  a  clever  little  production,  said  to  be  by 
Mr.  Allen  of  Greenwich  Hospital,  wherein  is 
shown  the  manner  in  which  the  Union  flag  of 
England  was  formed.  In  the  first  place,  by  the 
heraldic  combination  of  the  Cross  of  St.  George 
(for  England)  and  the  Saltier  of  St.  Andrew  (for 
Scotland),  on  the  accession  of  James  I.  to  the 
English  throne ;  and,  in  the  second  place,  by  the 
addition  of  the  Saltier  of  St.  Patrick  at  the  legis- 
lative Union  of  Ireland  to  Great  Britain  in  1801. 

James  I.  usually  subscribed  his  name  "Jacques," 
md  it  is  supposed  this  originated  the  term  "  Union 
Jack."  J.  S.  R. 


436 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  JUNE  2.  '60. 


BAVINS  AND  PUFFS  (2nd  S.  ix.  25.  110.  333.)— 
Bavins  are  small  faggots  :  thousands  of  them  have 
been  sold  from  time  to  time  out  of  my  woods. 
Small  fir  faggots  are  at  Newbury  and  the  neigh- 
bourhood called  puffs.  F.  A.  CABEINGTON. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

A  Sketch  of  the  History  of  Flemish  Literature  and  its 
Celebrated  Authors  from  the  Twelfth  Century  down  to  the 
present  Time.  By  Octave  Delepierre,  LL.D.  Compiled 
from  Flemish  Sources.  (Murray.) 

When  one  considers  how  intimate  were  the  literary  re- 
lations which  formerly  existed  between  England  and  the 
Low  Countries  —  an  intimacy  fostered  probably  by  the 
great  commercial  intercourse  between  the  two  nations, — 
it  is  somewhat  extraordinary  that  it  should  be  left  to  an 
author  of  the  present  day  to  bring  before  the  English 
reader  a  Sketch  of  Flemish  Literature.  It  is  so,  however; 
for,  familiar  as  men  of  letters  in  this  country  may  be  with 
the  labours  of  Flemish  scholars,  whose  works  are  written 
in  Latin,  Flemish  authors  who  wrote  in  their  own  mother 
tongue  are  scarcely  known  even  byname  among  us;  and 
M.  Delepierre  has  therefore  done  good  service  in  employing 
his  talents,  and  the  peculiar  advantages  which  he  enjoys 
for  the  purpose,  in  the  preparation  of  a  volume  calculated 
to  fill  up  a  chapter  in  the  literary  history  of  Europe 
which  is  at  present  very  defective. 

The  Real  and  the  Beau  Ideal  By  the  Author  of 
"  Visiting  my  Relations."  (Bentley.) 

This  is  a  "sort  of  lay  sermon  addressed  by  a  maiden 
aunt  to  a  newly  married  niece,  preparing  her  for  the 
difference  between  the  stern  realities  of  married  life  and 
the  romance  with  which  les  fianc&es  are  apt  to  invest  it. 
Lest  this  description  should  deter  young-lady  readers 
from  perusing  the  volume,  let  us  add  that  it  is  full  of 
good  sensible  advice  as  to  the  management  (we  use  the 
Avord  in  its  best  sense)  of  a  husband,  and  of  his  household. 

It  is  with  the  deepest  regret  that  we  announce  the 
death,  on  the  23rd  ultimo,  of  Mr.  Glover,  Her  Majesty's 
Librarian  —  a  gentleman  to  whose  friendship  and  varied 
acquirements  we  have  often  been  indebted  for  valuable 
assistance.  In  Mr.  Glover  Her  Majesty  has  lost  one  in 
whom  she  justly  placed  the  greatest  confidence,  and  whose 
loss' we  have  no  doubt  Her  Majesty  deeply  regrets;  and 
who  in  the  execution  of  the  duties  "of  his  office  combined 
in  a  high  degree  kindly  feelings  and  excellent  tact :  while 
his  death  will,  we  fear,  deprive  the  literary  world  of  the 
valuable  materials  which  he  had  collected  for  an  English 
Barbier,  or  History  of  Anonymous  and  Pseudonymous 
Books. 

The  Annual  Meeting  of  the  Children  of  the  Charity 
Schools  of  the  Metropolis,  which  has  so  long  been  an- 
nually held  in  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  will  this  year  take 
place  at  the  Crystal  Palace  on  Wednesday  next,  June  6, 
preparations  for  which  have  been  in  active  progress  for 
some  time  past.  The  great  Handel  Orchestra  being 
double  the  diameter  of  the  dome  of  Saint  Paul's,  affords 
opportunity  for  the  introduction  of  a  much  larger  number 
of  children  than  were  ever  assembled  in  the  cathedral 
together.  The  favourable  construction  of  the  Orchestra 
also  renders  it  a  much  more  appropriate  locale  than  the 
old  staging  in  the  ecclesiastical  edifice.  The  result  will 
no  doubt  therefore  be  much  more  successful  than  the 
meetings  at  St.  Paul's,  although  they  have  hitherto  been 
regarded  as  among  the  great  sights  of  London ;  and  the 
popular  annual  solemnity  of  the  "  CHARITY  CHILDREN  " 


of  the  Metropolis  will  this  year  more  than  ever  retain 
its  attractions. 

We  learn  from  The  Bookseller  that  the  manuscripts  and 
printed  books  bequeathed  to  the  University  of  Oxford  by 
Ash  mole,  Aubrey,  Wood,  and  others,  till  lately  deposited 
in  the  Ashmolean  Museum,  have,  during  the  past  month, 
been  removed  to  the  Bodleian  Library. 

BOOKS  RECEIVED.  —  We  must  content  ourselves  with 
the  acknowledgment  of  the  receipt  of  the  following  tracts 
and  pamphlets:  — 

Books  and  Libraries  ;  a  Lecture  delivered  before  the  Mem- 
bers of  the  Hyde  Literary  and  Scientific  Institute.  By  Sir 
John  Simeon,  Bart.  (J.  W.  Parker.) 

On  the  Roman  Antiquities  of  Inveresk.  By  T>.  M.  MoSr. 
Read  before  the  Antiquaries  of  Scotland.  (Blackwood  & 
Sons.) 

Notes  on  Newark;  a  Lecture  before  the  Newark  Me~ 
chanics'  Institution.  By  R.  F.  Sketchley,  B.A.  (Moss, 
Newark.) 

Memoirs  of  the  O'Connors  of  Ballintubber,  County  of 
Roscommon,  §*c.,  ivith  their  Pedigrees.  By  Roderick  O'Con- 
nor, Esq.  (Dublin.) 

A  Glossary  of  the  Words  and  Phrases-  of  Cumberland. 
By  William  Dickinson,  F.L.S.  (J.  Russell  Smith.) 

The  Poetry  of  Spring.  A  Poem.  By  Goodwyn  Barmby. 
(Tweedie.) 

Evenings  with  Grandpapa,  or  Naval  Stories  for  Chil- 
dren. (Dean  &  Son.) 

The  History  of  the  Unreformed  Parliament,  and  its  Les- 
sons.' An  Essay.  By  Walter  Bagshot.  (Chapman  & 
Hall.) 

Parliamentary  Reform.  An  Essay.  By  Walter  Bag- 
shot.  (Chapman  &  Hall.) 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

THE  ROLLIAD,  PROBATIONARY  ODES,  &C.    8vo.    1810. 

*»*  letters,  stating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriage  freetto  le 
sent  to  MESSRS.  BELL  &  DALDY,  Publishers  of  "  .NOTES  AND 
QUERIES,"  186.  Fleet  Street. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  below. 
THE  KERRY  MAGAZINE.    2  Vols. 
CAULFIELD'S  (RICHARD)  EPISCOPAL  AND  CAPITULAR  SEALS  OF  IRELAND. 

Parts  1  and  2. 

HAYMAN'S  (Risv.  SAMUEL)  ANNALS  OF  YOCQHAL.    Series  1  and  2. 
PARLIAMENTARY   REPORT    ON    THE   ORDNANCE    MEMOIR    OP   IRFLAND. 

1844. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  B.  H.  Blacker,  Rokeby,  Blackrock,  Dublin. 


BSNTLEY'S  MISCELLANY.    Vols.  X.  to  XL. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  H.  J.  CooJce,  Ely. 


T.  C.  N.  will 
ningham's  Han 


nd  a  very  full  account  of  the  "Devil  Tavern  "  in  C'«n- 
don. 


A.  Z.  The  translation  of  "  The  Frogs  of  Aristophanes  "  in  the  Cam- 
bridge University  Magazine,  has  neither  the  name,  nor  the  initials  of  the 
author.  It  is  unfinished,  owing  to  the  discontinuance  of  this  periodical. 
_  Conway  Ectwards's  drama  First  Love  was  performed  at  Bath  on 
March  13,  1841  :  the  scene,  East  coast,  by  the  Wash,  to  York,  temp.  Charles 
If.  _  Thomas  Hawkins's  Wars  of  Jehovah  dues  not  contain  any  list  of 
his  tragedies.  See  London  Catalogue  for  Jive  of  his  worts.  The  follow- 
ing works  are  not  in  the  British  Muteum  :  Poems  by  Miss  D.  P.  Camp- 
bell, 1810  ;  Poems,  by  A.  M'lntosh,  1811  ;  Irene  and  other  Poems,  by  the 
late  Marchioness  of  Northampton,  1833. 

Notices  to  other  Correspondents  in  our  next. 

"NOTES  AND  QOEBIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Hatf- 
t/early  INDEX)  is  11s.  4dM  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  m 
favour  of  MESSRS.  BKU.  AND  DALDY,  186.  FLEET  STRMT,  E.G.;  to  whom 
all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  XHB  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


S.  IX.  JUNE  2.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


UNITED   KINGDOM 

LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  S.W. 

The  Hon.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  Esq.,  Deputy  Chairman. 

FOURTH  DIVISION  OF  PROFITS. 

SPECIAL  NOTICE.-Parties  desirous  of  participating  in  the  fourth 
division  of  profits  to  be  declared  on  all  policies  effected  prior  to  the  31st 
December  next  year,  should,  in  order  to  enjoy  the  same,  make  imme- 
diate application.  There  have  already  been  three  divisions  ot  profits, 
and  the  bonuses  divided  have  averaged  nearly  2  per  cent.  per  annum  on 
the  sums  assured,  or  from  30  to  100  per  cent,  on  the  premiums  paid, 
without  imparting  to  the  recipients  the  risk  of  copartnership,  as  is  the 
case  in  mutual  societies. 

To  show  more  clearly  what  these  bonuses  amount  to,  three  following 
cases  are  put  forth  as  examples 

Sum  Insured.        Bonuses  added.        Amount  payable  up  to  Dec.,  1854. 
X5.000  XI, 087  10*.  *6.937  10s. 

1.000  397  10s.  1,397  10s. 

100  39  Us.  139  15*. 

Notwithstanding  these  large  additions,  the  premiums  arc  on  the 
lowest  scule  compatible  with  security  for  the  payment  of  the  policy  when 
death  arises;  in  addition  to  which  advantages,  one  half  of  the  annual 
premiums  may,  if 'de.-ired,  for  the  term  of  live  years,  remain  unpaid  at 
5  per  cent,  interest,  the  other  half  being  advanced  by  the  company  with- 
out sscurity  or  deposit  of  the  policy. 

The  Assets  of  the  Company  at  the  31st  December,  1858,  amounted 
to£S52,Gt&  3s.  10(7.,  all  of  which,  has  been  invested  in  Government  and 
other  approved  securities. 

No  charge  for  Volunteer  Military  Corps  whilst  serving  in  the  United 
Kingdom. 
Policy  Stamps  paid  by  the  Office. 

application  should  be  made  to  the  Resident  Director,  8. 

f  6eorcUrJr. 


W 


ESTEEM    LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 

ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON, S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  184J. 


Director*. 


E.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Marson.Esq. 
A.  Robinson,  Esq. 
J.L.Seager,  Esq. 
J.B.  White, Esq. 


H.  E.  Biekutll.Esq. 
T.  S.  Cooks,  Esq. 
O.H.Drew,  Esq.  M.A. 
W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

J.Fuller.Eiq. 
.  H.Uocdh»n,Etq. 

Physician.-  W.  R.  Basham,  M.D. 

Bankers — Messrs.  Cocks,  Biddulph.andCo. 

Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  this  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  paying  a  Premium,  as  permission  is  given  upon 
application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  the  con- 
ditions detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

LOANS  from  10QZ.  to  5002.  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 
Security. 

Attention  is  also  invited  to  the  rates  of  annuity  granted  to  old  lives, 
for  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 
Example :  100J.  cash  paid  down  purchases— An  annuity  of — 
£  s.  d. 

10   4    o  to  a  male  life  aged  60} 
12    3    1  65  (Payable  as  long 

14  16   3  ,,  70  (    as  he  is  alive. 

18  11  10  „  75/ 

Now  ready,  10th  Edition,  price  7s.  6d.,  of 

MR.     SCRATCHLEY'S     MANUAL,     on 

FRIENDLY  SOCIETIES,  with  RULES,  TABLES,  and  an  EXPO- 
SITION of  the  TRUE  LAW  OF  SICKNESS. 
SHAW  &  SONS,  Fetter  Lane  ;  and  LAYTONS,  150.  Fleet  Street,  E.C. 

PARTRIDGE   &    COZEHTS 
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flLERGY  MUTUAL   ASSURANCE  SOCIETY, 

\J  3.  Broad  Sanctuary,  Westminster. 

Patrons—  The  Archbishops  of  CANTERBURY  and  YORK. 

Trustees  — The  Bishops  of  London  and  Winchester,  the  Dean  of  West' 
minster,  and  the  Archdeacon  of  Maid  stone. 

Council  of  Reference  — The  Archbishops,  and  Bishops  of  London,  Dur- 
ham and  Winchester. 

Chairman  of  Directors  —  The  Archdeacon  of  LONDON. 
Deputy  Chairman  —  F.  L.  WOLLASTON,  Esq.,  M.A. 

The  present  amount  assured  upon  life  exceeds  3,000,000?. 

The  invested  capital  is  upwards  of  9lO,OGOf. 

The  annual  income  is  upwards  of  120,000?. 

Clergymen,  and  the  wives,  widows,  sons,  and  daughters  of  clergymen, 
and  the  near  relations  of  clergymen,  and  the  near  relations  of  the 
wives  of  clergymen,  are  qualified  to  effect  assurances  upon  their  lives 
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mium are  moderate  ;  there  are  no  proprietors  to  share  in  the  profits,  the 
whole  of  the  surplus  capital,  assigned  every  fifth  year,  being  appro- 
priated to  the  assured  members. 

The  next  bonus  will  be  in  the  year  1861. 

Assurances  upon  life  may  be  made  in  this  Society  upon  payment  of 
reduced  annual  premiums,  viz.,  upon  payment  of  four-fifths  of  the 
rates  chargeable,  one-fifth  remaining  in  arrear,  to  be  paid  off  from  time 
to  time  by  bonus. 

Prospectuses  and  forms  of  application  for  assurances  may  be  obtained 
at  the  office;  or  by  letter  to  the  Secretary. 

JOHN  HODGSON,  M.A.,  Sec. 


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ROUTLEDGE'S 
SHAKESPEARE. 

EDITED    BY 

HOWARD     STAUNTON, 

WITH 

NUMEROUS  ILLUSTRATIONS  BY  JOHN  GILBERT, 

Engraved  by  the  Brothers  DALZIEL. 


THE  concluding  Part  of  this  superb  and  important  publication,  con- 
taining a  new  Memoir  of  the  great  Poet's  personal  history,  illustrated 
by  some  interesting  legal  documents  recently  discovered  in  the  Rolls' 
Chapel,  and  a  copious  explanatory  Index,  Glossary,  &c.  being  now 
ready,  the  Publishers  feel  called  upon  to  say  a  few  words  in  explana- 
tion of  the  carefully  considered  plan  pursued  by  the  Editor,  Mr.  Staun- 
ton,  with  an  earnest  desire  to  give  the  text  of  the  Author  in  its  utmost 
possible  integrity.  Taking  the  Folio  of  1623  as  the  groundwork  for  his 
text,  and  never  permitting  any  deviation  from  that  authority  to  pass 
unnoted,  the  Editor,  where  no  earlier  copy  of  a  separate  play  is  known, 
has  carefully  collated  the  folio,  and  compared  that  version  with  the 
readings  of  later  editions.  But,  in  every  case  where  a  play  exists  in  the 
quarto  form,  of  an  earlier  date  than  the  folio,  it  has  been  in  the  first 
instance  carefully  collated;  and,  where  more  than  one  quarto  version  is 
extant,  the  different  copies  have  been  compared  together,  and  then  con- 
trasted with  the  folio :  and  the  text  thus  obtained  finally  examined, 
word  for  word,  with  that  of  the  best  modern  editions. 

By  these  means,  and  with  the  assistance  of  all  that  critical  acumen 
has  hitherto  effected  for  the  restoration  of  Shakespeare's  language,  it  is 
believed  that  the  present  edition  may  honestly  lay  claim  to  the  merit 
of  presenting  the  great  Dramatist's  works  with  as  much  textual  purity 
as  is  Attainable  with  the  means  at  command.  On  the  pictorial  illustra- 
tions of  ROUTLEDGE'S  SHAKESPEARE  there  is,  perhaps,  less  need  to  dilate: 
their  excellencies  are  more  immediately  appreciable  than  the  nice- 
ties of  literary  supervision,  and  have  already  received  the  stamp  of 
universal  approval. 

"  After  an  elaborate  and  minute  analysis  of  Mr.  Staunton's  editorial 
labours,  we  find  that  they  form  one  of  the  most  important  additions  to 
the  mass  of  Shakespearian  literature  which  has  appeared  for  many  years. 
He  has,  indeed,  shown  so  full  a  knowledge,  not  only  of  Shakespeare's 
works,  but  of  contemporaneous  dramatic  and  general  literature,  as 
to  prove  himself  well  qualified  to  accomplish  his  onerous  task— the 
chief  characteristics  of  which  are,  a  most  conservative  reverence  for  the 
old  text,  whenever  it  is  capable  of  illustration  by  any  parallel  passage  ; 

it  ions  not  absolutely 
readings  of  disputed 

___,       , _ ile  change  of  the  si    "' 

or  the  division  of  the  words. 

"  In  his  New  Readings  Mr.  Staunton  is  singularly  fortunate ;  and 
while  some  editors  have  earned  an  honourable  name  by  one  emenda- 
tion, he  has  a  claim  for  very  many  of  undoubted  excellence,  and  which 
must  take  their  places  in  all  future  editions  of  Shakespeare. 

"  We  may  add,  that  his  elaborate  Life  of  the  great  bard  is  the  best  we 
have  yet  seen. 

"  So  far  as  external  appearance  is  concerned,  these  three  handsome 
volumes  need  no  praise.  The  excellence  of  the  illustrations,  the  clear- 
ness of  the  type,  and  the  fineness  of  the  paper,  are  obvious  merits  to 
every  casual  eye."  —  Critic,  12th  May. 

London:  ROUTLEDGE,  WARNE,  &  ROUTLEDGE, Farringdon 
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E ' 

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/GEOLOGICAL  GOSSIP;    or  Stray  Chapters  on 

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THE  OLD  DRAMATISTS  AND  THE  OLD  POETS. 

In  continuation  of"  Routledge's  Shakespeare," 

Edited  by  HOWARD  STAUNTON,  and  Illustrated  by  JOHN  GILBERT 

(The  Last  Part  of  which  is  now  published), 

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Printed  by  GKORGE  ANDREW  SPOTTISWOODB,  of  No.  10.  Little  New  Street,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  City  of  London,  at  No.  5.  New-street 
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No.  232.] 


SATURDAY,  JUNE  9.  1860. 


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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


437 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JUNE  9.  1800. 


NO.  232.— CONTENTS. 

NOTES :  —  The  Cross  of  Christ :  its  Inscription,  437  —  Mill 
tary  Centenarians,  438  —  Mediaeval  Rhymes ,  439  —  Cruden 
and  Addison,  410  — Coldharbour :  Green  Arbour  Court 
Coal,  Charcoal,  and  Coke,  441  —  Full-bottomed  Wig,  Ib. 

MINOK  NOTES  :  —  Flirt  —  First  Book  printed  in  Greenland 

—  The  Sayings  and  the  Doings  of  Count  Cavour  —  Anemo 
meter  — Balk,  and  Pightel  or   Pikle:  Ventilate  —  Latin 
Puzzle  — The  "Gold  Ants"  of  Herodotus  —  Bee  Supersti- 
tion —  The  Roman  "  Derby-Day,"  442. 

QUERIES:  — Drawing  Society  of  Dublin,  444— The  Rev. 
John  Button,  B.D.— Kippen  — Donnybrook  burned  in 
1624  —  Soldiers'  Library  —  William  Baker  —  Manifold  Wri- 
ters —  Hogarth  Family  —  Epitaph  —  "  To  be  found  in  the 
vocative"  — St.  Makedranus,  St.  Madryn  — Pope  and  Ho- 
garth —  "  Mors  mortis  tnorti,"  &c.  —  Burning  Alive  —  "  The 
Christian's  Duty  "  —  Rev.  Peter  Smith  —  Law  of  Scotland 

—  William  Parker  —  Quotations  Wanted — Put  a  sneck  in 
the  kettle  crook— Edward  Basset  —  Stockdales  the  Pub- 
lishers —  Public    Disputation  —  Mr.  William  Upton  — 
Annotated  Copy  of  Minsheu's  Dictionary,  444. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  — Revision  of  the  Prayer -Book 

—  Monumental  Brasses  —  Benjamin  Baxter  —  Les  Chauf- 
feurs du  Nord— Conrad  Cling,  or  Kling  —  Watson :  Rock- 
ingham—  "  Lacteur  and  Entendement,"  448. 

REPLIES  :  —  Mathematical  Bibliography,  449  —  Heraldic 
Engraving,  450  — The  Debate  on  Impositions,  1609-10, 
451  — Edgar  Family,  Ib.  —  David  Wilkins  —  Allusion  in 
the  "Rolliad"  — Ur  Chasdim  —  Alleged  Interpolations  in 
the  "  Te  Deum  "  —  Cimex  lectularius  —  The  Judges'  Black 
Cap  —  Hereditary  Alias  —  Peers  serving  as  Mayors  —  Hy- 
drophobia and  Smothering— Origin  of  "Cockney"  —  Atter 

Notes  on  Books. 


THE  CROSS  OF  CHRIST:  ITS  INSCRIPTION. 

Among  the  relics  which  astonish  the  visitor  at 
Rome  there  are  some  at  least  which  have  an  his- 
torical interest ;  and  if  their  genuineness  is  as- 
certained, are  regarded  as  precious  relics  by 
Protestants  as  well  as  Catholics.  For  example, 
how  satisfactory  would  it  be  to  know  that  the 
title  of  the  cross  of  Christ  preserved  in  the  church 
of  S.  Croce,  is  that  which  Pilate  caused  to  be 
written.  I  am  not  about  to  determine  the  authen- 
ticity of  this  relic,  but  to  state  the  circumstances 
under  which  it  is  said  to  have  been  discovered, 
and  to  ask  a  question  about  it.  In  the  Memorie 
Sacre  of  Giovanni  Severano,  published  at  Rome 
in  1630,  it  is  stated  that  in  the  chapel  over  that 
of  S.  Helena  there  are  preserved  three  pieces  of 
the  wood  of  the  cross,  the  title  of  the  same  cross, 
and  one  of  the  nails  by  which  our  Lord  was  fas- 
tened to  it.  Of  the  second  of  these  only  I  propose 
now  to  speak.  Severano  states  that  this  relic, 
originally  deposited  in  the  church  by  the  Emperor 
Valentinian,  was  accidentally  rediscovered  in  1492 
on  the  1st  of  February,  during  a  restoration  of 
the  church  by  order  of  Cardinal  Mendozza.  The 
workmen,  perceiving  that  the  wall  above  the  arch 
at  which  they  were  at  work  was  hollow,  broke  it 


open,  and  found  there  a  recess  (finestrella) ,  in 
which  was  a  leaden  box  two  palms  long,  and  well 
fastened.*  Above  it  was  a  stone  of  marble,  with 
this  inscription :  "  Hie  est  titulus  S.  Crucis." 
When  the  box  was  opened,  there  was  found  in  it 
a  tablet,  a  palm  and  a  half  long,  and  a  palm  wide, 
decayed  and  consumed  on  one  side  by  age.  Upon 
it  had  been  engraved,  and  afterwards  coloured 
red,  with  the  following  words  in  rough  characters 

"  HTESVS  NAZARENVS  REX  IVDJEORUM  J  "  but  the 

word  "ivixasoRUM"  was  not  complete,  the  two 
last  letters  having  been  consumed  by  time.  The 
same  words  were  placed  in  three  lines,  one  above 
another :  the  upper  in  Hebrew  characters,  the 
second  in  Greek,  and  the  third  in  Latin.  At  this 
time,  says  Severano,  this  tablet  is  much  smaller 
than  when  it  was  found  ;  because  not  only  has 
time  corroded  it,  but  portions  of  it  have  been  sent 
to  different  churches,  as  to  that  of  Toulouse  and 
others.  Soarez,  who  visited  Rome  after  the 
Council  of  Trent,  saw  this  title  ;  upon  which  he 
saw,  in  Hebrew,  Greek,  and  featin  letters,  these 
words  —  "IESVS  NAZARENVS  REX";  and  ascribes 
the  loss  of  the  word  Judceorum  to  the  divine  will 
("haec  dictio  Judceorum  abstracta,  non  arte,  sed 


gh 

before  it,  and  only  a  few  letters  can  be  seen  of 
the  Hebrew,  one  Latin  word  only,  'NAZARENVS,* 
and  a  letter  or  two  of  the  following  word ;  the 
remainder,  as  well  in  Greek  as  in  Latin,  is  all 
gone.  Of  the  discovery  of  this  title,  Alexander 
VI.  made  mention  in  the  bull  '  Admirabile  Sa- 
cramentum'  in  1496,  in  which  he  concedes  an  in- 
dulgence to  the  church  of  S.  Croce  on  the  day  of 
the  invention." 

The  record  of  the  original  finding  of  this  title 
by  Helena  is  given  by  some  of  the  ancient  church 
historians  ;  but  if  it  was  sent  to  Rome  with  other 
portions  of  the  cross,  it  is  a  curious  problem  how 
it  could  be  forgotten  in  the  church  which  was  ex- 
pressly erected  to  receive  these  relics.  Such, 
bowever,  is  said  to  have  been  the  fact,  and  I  leave 
it  to  others  to  account  for  it.  There  is,  however, 
no  doubt  that  the  title  was  exhibited  in  1497.  In 
that  year  Arnold  von  Harff  visited  Rome,  and  he 
says  that  in  the  church  of  Holy  Cross  they  show 
the  cord  with  which  our  Lord  was  bound  to  the 
cross,  a  piece  of  his  robe,  part  of  the  veil  of  our 
Lady,  and  part  of  the  sponge ;  also  twelve  thorns 
of  the  crown ;  two  vessels,  one  containing  our 
Lady's  milk,  the  other  our  Lord's  blood  ;  a  great 
3iece  of  the  holy  cross,  and  many  other  sacred 
objects,  including  an  entire  nail  of  the  cross.  He 
also  mentions  our  relic,  but  the  sentence  is  very 
obscure.  I  translate  it :  "Also,  above  an  archway 
'n  a  hole  of  the  wall,  lies  part  of  the  title  of  Jesus 


*  See  also  Ciaconii,  Vita  Paparum,  ed.  1601,  p.  1006., 
or  a  similar  account  of  the  discovery. 


438 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  IX.  JUNE  9.  '60, 


Christ  which  Pilate  wrote"  (ed.  1860,  p.  18.)-  Un- 
fortunately nothing  is  said  of  the  inscription.  In 
Kitto's  Cyclopedia  (vol.  i.  p.  196.)  there  is  a  sketch 
of  the  relic,  which  exhibits  some  morsels  of  the 
Hebrew  letters,  the  word  siwepafaN  written  back- 
wards, with  a  part  of  the  next  letter  in  Greek,  and 
the  letters  "NAZARENVS  RE"  in  Latin,  also  in- 
verted in  form  and  order.  It  will  be  observed 
that  the  word  Nafooevous  is  mispelt,  having  e  for  ??, 
and  ovs  for  os  —  a  very  ugly  blunder.  I  also  ob- 
serve that  the  inscription  has  lost  less  than  it  had 
in  1630,  when  Severano  said  only  the  Latin  word 
"NAZARENVS"  remained,  &c.,  as  above.  Nor  does 
he  say  one  word  about  the  letters  of  the  title  being 
read  backwards,  and  his  silence  on  this  point  is 
preceded  by  that  of  Soarez,  the  author  he  quotes. 
The  writer  in  Kitto  quotes  Nicetus  (Titulus  S. 
Crucis)  :  when  did  he  write  ?  But  the  question 
is,  what  actually  remains  of  the  inscription  on  the 
title  preserved  in  the  church  of  S.  Croce  at 
Rome  ?  B.  H.  C. 


MILITARY  CENTENARIANS. 

In  continuation  of  your  records  of  the  "  Sur- 
vivors of  England's  great  Battles,"  I  send  you  a 
roll  of  old  soldiers  whose  names  are  omitted  in 
the  list  given  in  your  Choice  Notes  (HISTORY), 
pp.  170—177.;  and  in  "N.  &  Q.,"  2nd  S.  v.  513. 
et  seq. 

These  names  I  have  had  for  some  time  among 
my  memoranda  for  another  purpose ;  but  I  now 
send  them  to  yoii,  regarding  "N.  &  Q."  as  the 
fittest  place  for  preserving  them.  Where  a  line 
only  disposes  of  the  venerable  combatant,  it  arises 
from  the  absence  of  particularisation  in  the  usual 
sources  of  information  ;  but  where  enlargement 
occurs,  the  known  incidents  of  each  career  only 
are  given,  dispensing  with  the  reflections  which 
sometimes  were  indulged  in  by  the  authorities 
from  whom  the  subjoined  list  is  made  up :  — 

John  Effingham,  was  born  at  Penryn,  and  died  there 
February,  1757,  aged  144.  In  the  revolution  of  James  II., 
he  was  pressed,  and  served  under  Lord  Feversham,  then 
Commander-in-Chief.  On  William  III.  making  his  de- 
scent, he  fought  under  Schomberg  at  the  Boyne,  his  in- 
trepidity in  action  there  gaining  him  the  rank  of  corporal. 
Under  Marlborough,  he  was  at  the  battle  of  Blenheim, 
and  lost  an  eye  and  most  of  his  teeth  by  the  bursting  of 
a  musket.  In  the  reign  of  Geo.  I.  he  was  discharged,  and 
returning  to  Penryn  worked  as  a  labourer.  For  the  last 
thirty  years  of  his  life  he  was  supported  by  the  gentry. 
When  young,  he  never  drank  spirituous  liquors ;  when 
old,  he  left  his  bed  throughout  the  year  before  six,  and, 
walking  to  a  near  field,  cut  a  sod*,  and  sniffed  at  the 
newly-turned  earth  for  some  tinte.  He  used  constant 
exercise,  seldom  ate  meat,  and  walked  ten  miles  about  a 
week  before  hig  death.  (Pub.  Adv.,  Feb.  18,  1757.) 

James  Macdonald,  died  near  Cork,  August  1760,  aged 
117.  His  height  was  7  feet  6  inches.  In  early  life  he 
was  shown  for  profit;  but  not  liking  the  confinement 
which  it  necessitated,  enlisted  as  a  Grenadier  in  1685, 
and  served  in  that  rank  till  the  breaking  out  of  the  re- 


bellion. In  1716  he  returned  to  his  native  country,  where 
he  toiled  as  a  labourer  till  within  three  years  of  his  de- 
cease. When  in  health  he  could  eat  four  pounds  of  solid 
meat  at  a  meal,  and  drink  in  proportion  strong  liquor 
without  feeling  its  effects.  His  limbs  were  prodigious. 
A  lady's  bracelet  might  have  served  one  of  his  enormous 
fingers  for  a  ring.  (Pub.  Adv.,  Sept.  3,  1760.) 

John  Craig,  died  at  Kilmarnock,  Ma}',  1793,  aged  111. 
He  served  in  the  North  British  Dragoons,  and  was  at  the 
battle  of  Sheriffmuir  in  1715.  He  was  never  married, 
never  had  any  sickness,  and  worked  as  a  labourer  till 
within  a  few  days  of  his  decease.  (Europ.  Mag.,  1793, 
vol.  xxiii.  p.  400.) 

John  Durham,  died  at  Sunneside,  Durham,  March,  1796, 
aged  101.  He  had  been  in  the  armv,  and  mounted  guard 
at  White  Hall  in  1714.  (Ibid.,  1796,  vol.  xxix.  p.  214.) 

John  Hustle,  died  at  Edinburgh  about  August,  1798, 
aged  100.  He  was  fifty  years  in  the  service,  and  fought 
at  Sheriffmuir  in  1715.  From  Chelsea  Hospital  he  re- 
ceived a  pension  till  the  day  of  his  death.  (Ibid.t  1798, 
vol.  xxxiv.  p.  143.) 

John  Nesbit,  died  at  Dunge  in  Scotland,  about  Sept. 
1800,  aged  107.  He  served' at  the  siege  of  Bergen-op- 
zoom  in  1747,  where,  being  run  through  the  body  with  a 
bayonet,  he  was  discharged.  Till  the  day  of  his  death  he 
almost  supported  'himself  by  his  own  industry.  (Ibid., 
1800,  vol.  xxxviii.  p.  317.) 

Abraham  Moss,  a  pensioner,  died  at  Chelsea  Hospital 
2nd  August,  1805,  aged  106.  (Ibid.,  1805,  vol.  xlviii. 
p.  238.) 

Robert  Swifield,  a  pensioner,  died  at  Chelsea  Hospital, 
30th  August,  1805,  aged  105.  (Ibid.,  1805,  vol.  xlviii. 
p.  238.) 

James  Lack,  died  at  Hackney,  Oct.  31.  1807,  aged  105. 
During  the  reigns  of  Geo.  I.  and  II.  he  fought  in  the 
German  wars.  He  was  also  at  the  siege  of  Quebec,  and 
attended  Wolfe  in  his  last  moments.  Though  he  took 
part  in  fifteen  general  actions  and  twenty-five  skirmishes, 
he  was  never  wounded ;  and,  as  the  old  man  boasted, 
never  turned  his  back  to  the  enemy.  ("  Ann.  of  Brit. 
Army,"  in  U.  Ser.  Journ.,  vol.  iii.,  1833,  p.  572.) 

John  Stewart,  died  at  Aberfeldie  in  1808,  aged  ill.  He 
was  familiarly  called  Colonel  Stewart.  At  the  age  of 
eighteen  he  joined  the  Pretender,  and  was  present  at 
Sheriffmuir  in  1715.  In  1745,  he  again  joined  the  stan- 
dard of  the  Stuart,  and  fought  at  Falkirk  and  Preston 
Pans.  At  Cullodeu  he  was  severely  wounded  in  the 
thigh,  which  obliged  him  to  use  crutches.  He  had  eight 
wives;  by  all  of  whom,  except  the  last,  he  had  several 
children.  Though  a  tinker  b}'  trade,  he  was  famed  for 
making  Highland  dirks  and  snuff-mulls.  Sir  William 
Forbes,  of  Edinburgh,  allowed  him  for  many  years  a  pen- 
sion of  10/.  per  annum.  Whiskey,  of  which  he  was  fond 
and  drank  to  excess,  it  is  believed,  shortened  his  days. 
(Europ.  Mag.,  1818,  vol.  liv.  p.  321.) 

John  Coivie,  died  at  Crimond  27th  Feb.  1811,  aged  108. 
In  his  youth  he  enlisted  into  the  army,  and  after  some 
war  service  was  discharged  as  worn  out  in  1739.  In 
1745  he  was  in  arms  again,  and  present  at  Culloden. 
When  somewhat  above  seventy  he  married,  and  his  wife 
having  brought  him  some  money,  he  resigned  the  office 
he  then  filled  of  parish  bellman.  At  the  death  of  his 
successor,  who  held  the  post  for  twenty-five  years,  he 
applied  to  be  reappointed  to  the  office,  and  was  accord- 
ingly reinstated,  discharging  its  duties  till  within  a  few- 
days  before  his  demise.  (Aberdeen  Journal,  Feb.  1811.) 

Daniel  M^Kinnon,  died  at  Falkirk,  2nd  April,  1813,  in 
his  103rd  year.  On  the  10th  May,  1710,  he  was  born  in 
the  Isle  of'Skye,  and  passed  his  early  life  in  the  army; 
during  which  he  was  at  Dettingen  and  Fontenoy,  being 
wounded  in  the  latter.  The  last  fifteen  years  of  his  life  he 
was  maintained  by  charity.  He  was  thrice  married ;  and 


S.  IX.  JUNE  9.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


439 


when  about  ninety  his  last  wife  brought  him  a  thumping 
boy,  of  whom  the  old  man  was  excessively  proud.  (Europ. 
Mag.,  1813,  vol.  Ixiii.  p.  363.) 

David  Ferguson,  died  at  Dunkirk,  near  Boughton- 
under-the-Blean,  August  6,  1818,  aged  124.  He  was 
born  at  Netherud,  in  the  parish  of  Kirkud,  and  was  the 
youngest  of  fifteen  children.  He  first  entered  the  army 
in  the  Glasgow  Greys  (not  the  present  Scots  Grej's),  and 
was  present  at  the  battle  of  Sheriffmuir  in  1714.  He 
afterwards  served  in  the  70th  Foot.  (Biog.  and  Obit., 
1819,  p.  502.) 

Patrick  Grant,  died  at  Braemar,  Feb.  11,  1824,  aged 
1 13.  He  fought  at  Falkirk  and  Culloden,  and  also  in  the 
English  raid  under  the  Pretender.  In  1822,  Geo.  IV. 
granted  him  an  allowance  of  a  guinea  a  week,  which,  at 
his  death,  was  bestowed  on  his  daughter  Anne  for  life. 
(Ibid.,  1825,  p.  421.) 

Arthur  Johnston,  died  at  Drumlough,  co.  Down,  14th 
April,  1832,  aged  105.  He  had  been  a  sergeant  in  the 
1st  Foot.  In  the  army  he  served  twenty-one  years,  and 
was  a  pensioner  sixty-one.  (Dodsley,  Ann.  Reg.,  1832, 
App.  Chron.,  p.  195.) 

Aaron  Botts,  died  at  Dublin,  22nd  Sept.  1832,  aged  106. 
He  served  in  most  of  the  battles  and  sieges  in  America, 
and  was  an  extra-pensioner  of  Chelsea  Hospital.  (Ibid., 
1832,  App.  Chron.,  p.  219.) 

John  Henderson,  died  at  Kilmainham,  about  April, 
1836,  aged  105.  He  fought  at  Culloden,  at  the  sieges  of 
Quebec  and  the  Havannah  ;  also  at  the  battle  of  Bunker's 
Hill,  and  other  affairs.  (Ibid.,  1836,  App.  Chron.,  p.  197.) 

Thomas  Plum,  died  at  Whitechapel,  Aug.  25,  1832, 
aged  108.  He  was  a  native  of  North  America,  and  when 
young  was  the  servant  of  a  surgeon  in  the  army.  He 
afterwards  joined  a  loyal  corps  of  engineers  formed  in 
America ;  and  while  attached  to  the  52nd  Regiment,  was 
present  at  Bunker's  Hill  and  several  other  battles,  till 
taken  prisoner.  After  his  discharge,  be  worked  at  his 
trade  as  a  carpenter  till  he  reached  his  80th  year  of  age. 
Ibid.,  1832,  App.  Chron.,  p.  214.) 

George  Fletcher,  died  at  Poplar,  2nd  March,  1855,  aged 
108.  He  was  born  at  Clanborough,  co.  Nottingham, 
2nd  Feb.  1747.  After  following  the  occupation  of  a 
farmer  for  twenty-one  years,  he  joined  the  army,  in 
which  he  served  twenty-six  years,  and  was  present  at 
Bunker's  Hill,  and  also  in  the  Egyptian  campaigns  of 
1801.  After  leaving  the  army»  he  found  employment 
with  the  West  India  Dock  Company,  remaining  in  its 
service  for  thirty-six  years.  During  most  of  this  time 
he  was  a  useful  local  preacher  among  the  Wesleyans, 
continuing  his  ministrations  till  within  a  short  period  of 
his  death.  (Ibid.,  1805,  App.  Chron.,  p.  256.) 

Mary  Ralphson,  died  at  Liverpool,  27th  June,  1808, 
aged  110.  She  was  born  Jan.  1st,  1698,  O.  S.,  at 
Lochaber  in  Scotland.  Her  husband,  Ralph  Ralphson, 
was  a  private  in  the  Duke  of  Cumberland's  army.  Fol- 
lowing the  troops,  she  attended  her  husband  in  several 
engagements  in  England  and  Scotland.  At  the  battle  of 
Dettingen  she  equipped  herself  in  the  uniform  and  ac- 
coutrements of  a  wounded  dragoon  who  fell  by  her  side, 
and  mounting  his  charger,  regained  the  retreating  army, 
in  which  she  found  her  husband,  and  returned  with  him 
to  England.  In  his  after  campaigns,  she  closely  followed 
him  like  another  "  Mother  Ross,"  though  perhaps  with 
lets  courage,  and  far  less  indiscreetness.  In  her  late 
years  she  was  supported  by  some  benevolent  ladies  of 
Liverpool.  (Europ.  Mag.,  1808,  vol.  liv.  p.  71.) 

Among  the  noble  and  rich  of  the  land,  I  have 
noticed  but  few  records  of  extended  life.  It 
seems  to  be  the  lot  of  a  favoured  number  of  the 
undoubted  poor.  Women  are  longer  livers  than 


men,  and  soldiers  than  other  people.  With  all  its 
dangers  —  its  vicissitudes  of  service  and  travel  — 
its  privations  and  its  hardships  —  military  life, 
after  all,  is  a  healthy  occupation,  giving  hope  of  a 
fine  old  age.  War,  and  the  endless  occasion  of 
death  to  which  it  is  exposed,  make,  it  is  true,  ter- 
rific havock  among  the  soldiery  ;  but  of  those 
who  survive  the  incidents  of  battle  and  of  climate, 
many  drop  away  from  time  at  good  old  ages,  and 
a  greater  number  arrive  at  the  centenary  period 
than  any  other  class  or  classes  of  men. 

Think  of  this,  ye  volunteers  !  and  take  heart 
(if  ye  need  it)  from  these  facts — remembering 
also  that  your  little  home  service,  which  promises 
its  own  charms  and  excitement,  is  calculated  not 
to  shorten  but  to  lengthen  "  the  little  span." 

M.  S.  R. 


MEDIAEVAL  RHYMES. 

In  a  MS.  in  the  British  Museum  (Harleian, 
No.  275.)  occurs  the  following  curious  mixture  of 
English  and  Latin  rhymes.  One  would  almost 
suppose  that  the  lines  of  the  canticle  were  in- 
tended to  be  sung  alternately  by  the  laity  and 
clergy :  — 

"  Joyne  all  now  in  thys  feste 
if  or  Verbum  caro  factum  est. 

"  Jhesus  almyghty  king  of  blys 
Assumpsit  carnem  Virginia; 
He  was  ev'  and  ev'more  ys 
Censors  p'rni  lumis. 

"  All  holy  churche  of  hym  mak  mynd 

Intravit  ventris  thalamum; 
ffrom  heven  to  erthe  to  save  mankynd 
Pater  misit  filium. 

"  To. Mary  came  a  messanger, 

fferens  salm  homini ; 
And  she  answered  w*  myld  chere, 
Ecce  ancilla  Domini. 

"  The  myght  of  the  holy  goste 

Palacium  intrans  uteri ; 
Of  all  thyng  mekenesse  is  rnoste 
In  conspectu  Altissimi. 

"  When  He  was  borne  that  made  all  thyng 

Pastor  creator  olum ; 
Angellis  then  began  to  syng 
Veni  redemptor  gentium. 

"  Thre  kynges  come  the  xii  day 

Stella  nitente  previa ; 
To  seke  the  kyng  they  toke  the  way 
Bajulantes  munera. 

"  A  sterre  furth  ledde  the  kynges  all 

Inquirentes  Dominum ; 
Lygging  in  an  ox  stall 
Invenerunt  puerum. 

"  For  He  was  kyng  of  kyngis  ay 

Primus  rex  aura  optulit ; 
ffor  He  was  God  and  Lord  verray 
Secundus  rex  thus  protulit, 


440 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  JUNE  9.  '60. 


"ffor  He  was  man :  the  thyrd  kyng 

Incensum  pulcrum  tradidit : 
He  us  all  to  his  blys  brynge 
Qui  mori  cruce  voluit." 

JOHN  WILLIAMS. 

CRUDEN  AND  ADDISON. 

The  touching  tragedy  of  Cruden's  early  life, 
how  he  fell  passionately  in  love  with  the  daughter 
of  a  Presbyterian  clergyman  at  Aberdeen,  and 
went  mad  because  the  fair  girl  did  not  return-  his 
affection,  and  how  he  was  afterwards  appointed 
bookseller  to  Caroline,  wife  of  George  II.  in 

Addison. 

"  When  this  excellent  Princess  was  yet  in  her  Father's 
Court,  she  was  so  celebrated  for  the  Beauty  of  her  Person, 
and  the  Accomplishments  of  her  Mind  that  there  was  no 
Prince  in  the  Empire,  who  had  room  for  such  an  Alli- 
ance, that  was  not  ambitious  of  gaining  her  into  his 

Family,  either  as  a  Daughter,  or  as  a  Consort 

Heir  to  all  the  Dominions  of  the  House  of  Austria,  .... 
.  .  .  but  she  generously  declined was  incon- 
sistent with the  Enjoyment  of  her  Religion. 

Providence  however  kept  in  Store  a  Reward  for  such  an 
exalted  Virtue ;  and  by  the  secret  Methods  of  its  Wisdom, 

....  Christian  Magnanimity it  was  the  Fame 

of  this  heroick  Constancy  that  determined  his  Royal 
Highness  to  desire  in  Marriage  a  Princess  whose  Personal 
Charms,  which  had  before  been  so  universally  admired, 


"  We  of  the  British  Nation  have  reason  to  rejoice  that 
such  a  proposal  was  made  and  accepted ;  and  fhat  her  Royal 
Highness,  with  regard  to  those  two  successive  Treaties  of 
Marriage,  showed  as  much  Prudence  in  her  Compliance 
with  the  one,  as  Piety  in  her  Refusal  of  the  other.  The 
Princess  was  no  sooner  arrived  at  Hanover  than  she  im- 
proved the  Lustre  of  that  Court,  which  was  before  reckoned 
among  the  Politest  in  Europe;  and  increased  the  Satis- 
faction of  that  People  who  were  before  looked  upon  as  the 
happiest  in  the  Empire.  She  immediately  became  the 
darling  of  the  Princess  Sophia,  who,was  acknowledged 

the  most  accomplished  Woman  of  the  age  in 

which  she  lived,  and  who  was  not  a  little  pleased  with 
the  conversation  of  one  in  whom  she  saw  so  lively  an 

image  of  her  own  youth 

....  in  other  Countries.  We  daily  discover  those  ad- 
mirable Qualities  for  which  she  is  so  justly  famed,  and 
rejoice  to  see  them  exerted  in  our  own  Countrey,  where 
we  ourselves  are  made  happy  by  their  Influence.  We 
.  .  .  behold  the  Throne  of  these  kingdoms  surrounded  by 

a  numerous  and  beautiful  Progeny, 

the   Princess  .  .  .  takes instilling  early  into 

their  Minds  all  the  Principles  of  Religion,  Virtue,  and 
Honour, 

"  Her  Royal  Highness  is  indeed  possessed  of  all  those 
talents  which  make  Conversation  either  delightful  or 
improving.  As  she  has  a  fine  Taste  in  the  elegant  Arts, 
and  is  skilled  in  several  modern  Languages,  her  Dis- 
course is  not  confined  to  the  ordinary  subjects  or  forms 
of  conversation,  but  can  adapt  itself  with  an  uncommon 
Grace  to  every  Occasion,  and  entertain  the  politest  Per- 
sons of  different  Nations.  I  need  not  mention,  what  is 
observed  by  every  one,  that  agreeable  Turn  which  ap- 
pears in  her  sentiments  upon  the  most  ordinary  Affairs  of 
Life,  and  which  is  so  suitable  to  the  Delicacy  of  her  Sex, 
the  Politeness  of  her  Education,  and  the  Splendor  of  her 
Quality. 

which  diffuses  the  greatest  glory  round  a  Human 

Character " 


1735,  are  known  to  most  of  his  biographers  ;  but 
that  any  traces  of  his  idiosyncracy  are  to  be  found 
in  his  great  work,  the  Concordance  of  the  Bible,  has 
not,  I  believe,  been  previously  noticed.  Cruden 
presented  the  first  copy  of  this  volume  to  the 
Queen  in  1737,  with  a  complimentary  dedication 
copied  almost  verbatim  from  Addison's  paper  in 
The  Freeholder  on  her  marriage,  dated  March  2, 
1715. 

The  praise  of  this  lady,  which  is  graceful  in 
Addison,  is  curiously  laughable  in  Cruden  when 
changed  from  a  description  into  an  address  to  her- 
self. 

Cruden. 

"The  beauty  of  your  person,  and  the  accomplishments 
of  your  mind,  were  so  celebrated  in  your  Father's  court 
that  there  was  no  Prince  in  the  Empire,  who  had  room 
for  such  an  alliance,  that  was  not  ambitious  of  gaining 

into  his  Family  either  as  a  Daughter,  or  as  a 

Consort heir  to  all  the   dominions   of    the 

house  of  Austria yet  JTOU  generously  declined 

was  inconsistent  with  the  enjoyment  of  your 

Religion;  The  great  Disposer  of  all  things,  however, 
kept  in  store  a  reward  for  such  exalted  virtue,  and  by  the 
secret  methods  of  his  wisdom,  ....  It  was  the  fame  of 
this  heroic  constancy  that  determined  his  Majesty  to 
desire  in  marriage  a  Princess  who  was  now  more  cele- 
brated for  her  Christian  magnanimity,  than  for  the  beauty 
of  her  person  which  had  been  so  universally  admired. 

"  We  of  the  British  nation  have  reason  to  rejoice  that 
such  a  proposal  was  made  and  accepted,  and  that  your 
Majesty,  with  regard  to  these  two  successive  treaties, 
showed  as  much  prudence  in  your  compliance  with  the 
one,  as  piety  in  your  refusal  of  the  other.  You  no  sooner 
arrived  at  Hanover  than  you  improved  the  lustre  of  that 
court,  which  was  before  reckoned  among  the  politest  in 
Europe,  and  increased  the  happiness  of  a  people,  who 
were  before  looked  upon  as  the  happiest  in  the  Empire: 
And  you  immediately  became  the  darling  of  the  Princess 
Sophia,  a  Princess,  justly  acknowledged  to  be  one  of  the 
most  accomplished  women  of  the  age  in  which  she  lived, 
who  was  much  pleased  with  the  conversation  of  one 
in  whom  she  saw  so  lively  an  image  of  her  own  youth. 

"  We  daily  discover  those  admirable  qualities  for  which 
your  Majesty  was  famed  in  other  countries,  and  rejoice  to 
see  them  exerted  in  our  Island,  where  we  ourselves  are 
made  happy  by  their  influence.  We  behold  the  throne 
of  these  kingdoms  surrounded  by  your  Majesty's  royal 
and  numerous  Progeny,  and  hear  with  pleasure  the 
great  care  your  Majesty  takes  to  instil  early  into  their 
minds  the  principles  of  Religion,  Virtue,  and  Honour. 

"Your  Majesty  is  possessed  of  all  those  talents  which 
make  conversation  either  delightful  or  improving.  Your 
fine  taste  in  the  elegant  arts,  and  skill  in  several  modern 
languages,  is  such  that  your  discourse  is  not  confined  to 
the  ordinary  subjects  of  conversation,  but  is  adapted 
with  an  uncommon  grace  to  every  occasion,  and  enter- 
tains the  politest  persons  of  different  nations.  That 
agreeable  turn  which  appears  in  your  sentiments  upon 
the  most  ordinar}'  affairs  of  life,  which  is  so  suitable  to 
the  delicacy  of  your  sex,  the  politeness  of  your  education, 
and  the  splendour  of  your  quality,  is  observed  by  ever}' 
one  that  has  the  honour  to  approach  you. 

which  diffuses  the  greatest  glory  around  a  human 

character  .  .  .  ." 


2*d  S.  IX.  JUNE  9.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


441 


Twenty- four  years  afterwards  Cruden  dedicated 
a  later  edition  to  her  grandson  George  III.  Per- 
haps some  more  industrious  reader  can  inform  us 
by  the  help  of  what  book  this  original  writer  was 
enabled  to  frame  that  second  dedication. 

FREDERICK  SHARPE. 

[We  have  a  strong  impression  that  this  curious  illus- 
tration of  Literary  Conveyance  —  "  for  convey  the  wise  it 
call"  —  has  been' noticed  already,  but  we  have  failed  in 
our  endeavours  to  ascertain  the  fact.  —  ED.  "  N.  &  Q."] 


COLDHARBOUR:  GREEN  ARBOUR  COURT: 
COAL,  CHARCOAL,  AND  COKE. 

Since  my  communication  to  you  (ante,  p.  139.) 
on  the  derivation  of  Coldharbour,  I  find  in  Cun- 
ningham's Handbook  of  London,  "  Coldharbour,  or 
Coldharborough"  This  latter  form  of  the  word 
much  strengthens  my  derivation.  The  phrase 
"  Coaled- Arberye"  similar  in  construction  to  the 
modern  expression  of  "  Coked  coal,"  would  ac- 
count for  the  introduction  of  the  letter  d  into  the 
word.  It  has  occurred  to  me  that  "  Green  Ar- 
bour Court,"  which  runs  out  of  the  Old  Bailey, 
may  be  derived  from  the  same  source,  that  is, 
"  Green-arberie"  or  wood  fuel,  in  contradistinc- 
tion to  "  coaled-arberye,"  or  charcoal.  "  Sea- 
coal  Lane,"  running  at  the  bottom  of  Green  Ar- 
bour Court,  suggested  this  derivation  ;  as  the  two 
places  together  seemed  to  indicate  a  neighbour- 
hood where  fuel  of  both  kinds  was  sold.  Can 
any  of  your  readers  inform  me  of  any  ancient 
form  of  spelling  u  Green  Arbour  Court?  " 

In  the  iron  districts,  where  it  is  frequently 
necessary  to  distinguish  the  different  kinds  of 
fuel,  we  have  the  equivalent  phrases  "  Raw  Coal" 
and  ««  Coked  coal "  :  that  is,  I  believe,  "  Cooked 
coal,"  whence  comes  our  modern  word  for  burnt 
coal,  "  Coke." 

"  Cook,  v.  n"  Dr.  Richardson  says,  of  uncer- 
tain origin,  and  means,  "  To  dress  or  prepare  by 
heat  animal  or  vegetable  substances  for  food ; 
and,  sometimes  generally,  to  dress  or  prepare." . 

"  Thenne  came  contrition,  that  hadde  coked  for  hem  alle, 
And  brouht  forth  a  pittance." 

»  Piers  Ploughman,  p.  245. 

"  Wo  was  his  coke,  but  if  his  sauce  were 
Poinant  and  sharpe,  and  redy  all  his  gere." 

Chaucer,  The  Prologue,  v.  353. 
"  Hercoriius  of  cokerie, 
First  made  the  delicacie." 

Gower,  Con.  A.  b.  iv. 

Coal,  Dr.  Richardson  says  also,  is  of  unsettled 
etymology.  It  is  most  likely  to  be  found  in  the 
word  "  Charcoal."  The  first  part  of  this  word, 
he  states,  is  derived  from  A.-S.  cyran,  acyran,  to 
turn,  to  turn  about,  turn  backwards  and  for- 
wards. ( Tooke.)  In  Chapman's  Odyssey,  b.  iii. 
p.  44.,  we  find :  — 
"Then  Nestor  broiled  them  on  the  coal-turned  wood, 

Pour'd  black  wine  on ;  and  by  him  young  men  stood." 


May  not  the  other  part  of  the  word  "  coal " 
merely  signify  "  black  ?  "  So  that  charcoal  means 
wood  or  other  substance  turned  black  by  fire. 

"As  blafce  he  lay  as  any  cole  or  crow, 
So  was  the  blood  yronnen  in  his  face." 

Chaucer,  The  Knightes  Tale,  v.  2664. 
"  Insted  of  cote-armour  on  his  harneis, 
With  nayles  yelwe,  and  bright  as  any  gold, 
He  hadde  a  here's  skin,  cole-blake  for  old." 

Id.  ib.  v.  2144. 
"And  thou  poor  earth,  whom  fortune  doth  attaint, 

In  nature's  name  to  suffer  such  a  harm, 
As  for  to  lose  thy  gem,  and  such  a  saint, 
Upon  thy  face"  let  coaly  ravens  swarm." 

Sydney,  Arcadia,  b.  iv. 

(See  Richardson's  Diet,  in  voce  "  Coal,"  and 
"  Charcoal.")  It  will,  doubtless,  be  difficult  to 
distinguish  whether  coal,  that  is  charcoal,  is  so 
called  from  being  black,  or,  being  black,  it  is 
used  metaphorically  for  that  colour.  Whatever 
its  derivation  may  be,  it  is  certain  that  it  was,  at 
first,  used  to  designate  burnt  wood  only,  which 
was  generally  called  "  coal ; "  and  it  was  not 
until  a  comparatively  late  period  that  this  term 
was  extended  to  the  mineral.  When  the  word 
coal  was  applied  to  the  mineral,  as  in  the  several 
Treatises  of  Simon  Sturtevant,  John  Rovenson, 
and  Lord  Dudley,  all  written  in  the  early  part  of 
the  seventeenth  century,  it  always  had  a  prefix, 
such  as,  "  Sea-coal,"  that  is,  sea-borne  coal, 
"  Pit-coal"  or  "  Earth-coal"  And  in  a  reserva- 
tion of  a  right  to  dig  coal  in  Warwickshire,  in  the 
reign  of  Edward  III.,  it  is  called  "  carbo  maris." 
Generally  when  these  writers  use  the  word  "  coal" 
by  itself,  it  means  "charcoal."  It  is  curious  that 
whilst  the  word  coal  alone  was  first  of  all  ap- 
propriated by  the  vegetable,  and  afterwards  ex- 
clusively applied  to  the  mineral,  the  entire  word 
charcoal  preserves  its  original  signification,  of 
"  wood  or  other  substance  turned  coal,"  (or  as  I 
believe,  turned  black)  "  by  fire." 

If  any  of  your  readers  can  throw  light  upon 
this  dark  subject,  it  will  much  gratify  C.  T. 


FULL-BOTTOMED  WIG. 

A  doubt  has  lately  been  started  whether  Re- 
corders of  towns  have  a  right  to  wear  the  full- 
bottomed  wig,  and  that  its  use  should  be  confined 
to  Judges,  Queen's  Counsel,  Advocates,  and  Ser- 
jeants-at-Law.  I  believe  that  this  doubt  is 
wholly  unfounded,  and  that  the  full-bottomed 
wig  is  neither  legal,  professional,  nor  official. 

With  respect  to  Recorders,  I  never  saw  any 
Recorder  at  a  levee  or  drawing-room  of  her  Ma- 
jesty in  any  other  wig  than  this ;  and  if  I  were  to 
go  to  St.  James's  Palace  wearing  any  other  wig 
than  a  full-bottomed  wig,  I  should  expect  to  be 
sent  back  by  the  state  pages  stationed  in  the  cor- 
ridor. The  last  barrister  who  was  simply  a  bar- 


442 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  JUNE  9.  '60. 


rister  who  wore  a  full-bottomed  wig  in  court  was 
Mr.  Kettleby,  who  is  immortalised  in  some  of  the 
works  of  Hogarth,  another  of  whose  works  con- 
tains the  portrait  of  Speaker  Onslow  and  of 
several  other  Members  of  Parliament,  all  of  whom 
are  in  full-bottomed  wigs. 

At  Clyffe  Manor  House  in  Wiltshire,  the  resi- 
dence of  the  present  High  Sheriff,  H.  Nelson  God- 
dard,  Esq.,  there  is  a  very  fine  portrait  of  one  of 
his  ancestors,  who  was  High  Sheriff  of  that 
county,  also  wearing  a  full-bottomed  wig  and  a 
coat  richly  laced.  In  my  own  home  I  have 
a  portrait  of  the  celebrated  Admiral  Russell  by 
Sir  Peter  Lely  wearing  a  full-bottomed  wig  over 
armour :  it  belonged  to  my  late  friend,  Mr.  Syd- 
ney Taylor,  and  was  given  to  me  after  his  death. 
There  was  also,  and  I  believe  is  still,  a  portrait  of 
Sir  Christopher  Wren  in  the  rooms  of  the  Royal 
Society,  he  being  represented  as  wearing  a  full- 
bottomed  wig.  This  wig  was  introduced  by  Louis 
XIV.,  and  brought  into  England  by  Charles  II. 
In  his  reign  it  was  worn  by  all  the  nobility,  and 
from  these  facts  I  infer  that  it  is  the  full-dress 
wig  of  every  English  gentleman. 

F.  A.  CARRINGTON. 


FLIRT.  —  No  one  of  our  English  dictionaries 
suggests  a  derivation  for  this  word  which  seems 
to  me  acceptable.  Johnson  attempts  none,  merely 
repeating  the  dictum  of  Skinner  that  it  is  vox  a 
sono  ficta.  Richardson  suggests  that  it  may  be 
from  fleer,  "  to  flee,  avoid,  or  escape  from;  "fleer, 
fleered, flirt',  but  this  is  unsatisfactory  :  at  least 
as  regards  the  modern  acceptation  of  the  term, 
in  the  sense  of  coquetting,  and  its  accompaniment 
of  pretty  speeches.  The  French  have  an  idiom 
which  expresses  the  same  idea,  and  seems  to  me 
to  be  the  probable  origin  of  our  own  term.  A 
gentleman  in  paying  his  court  to  a  lady  is  said 
"  conter  fleurettes"  and  of  a  lady  receiving  his 
attention  it  is  said  "  elle  aime  la  fleurette^  Bes- 
cherelle,  besides  its  ordinary  signification  of  a 
"  little  flower,"  explains  fleurette  to  mean,  "  jolie 
chose,  que  dit  &  une  femme  aimable  1'homme  que 
veut  lui  plaire  ;  "  and  in  illustration  of  this  sense 
he  quotes  Dufresnoy, — 

"Quant  un  galant  bien  fait,  de  bonne  mine, 
Me  conte  fleurette,  croit  on 
Que  j'en  sois  chagrine  1 " 

Bescherelle  alludes  to  the  fact  that  both  the 
Romans  and  Greeks  employed  a  similar  figure  of 
speech  to  express  the  same  agreeable  idea,  "  rosas 
loqui"  and  "  f>6Sa  tfpfiv."  I  cannot  find  the  former 
in  any  Latin  writer  except  Erasmus  :  but  in  the 
"  Clouds  "  of  Aristophanes,  the  "AStKos  Ao7os,  in 
reply  to  the  taunts  of  the  AIKCUOS,  says  ironically, 
"  'P^5a  fj.'  etprj/cas ! "  You  flatter  me  ! 

J.  EMERSON  TENNENT. 


FIRST  BOOK  PRINTED  IN  GREENLAND.  —  The 
Athenceum  (May  26,  1860)  quotes  from  a  Copen- 
hagen paper  as  follows  :  — 

"In  tbe  colony  of  Godthab,  in  Greenland,  a  small 
printing-office  and  a  lithographic  press  were  established 
last  year,  and  the  first-fruits  of  their  labours  have  been 
published  a  short  time  ago.  The  title  of  the  first  book 
printed  in  Greenland  is  Kaladlit  Okalluktualiallit.  It 
contains  a  collection  of  Greenland  popular  legends, 
written  in  the  Greenland  idiom,  translated  into  Danish, 
and  printed  by  Greenlanders.  The  book  is  illustrated 
with  ten  woodcuts,  likewise  the  work  of  the  natives,  who 
are  said  to  be  very  clever  in  mechanical  things  of  the 
kind.  A  very  interesting  and  original  division  of  the 
book  is  formed  by  eight  Greenland  songs,  the  music  ac- 
companying the  words.  A  second  volume  is  in  prospect." 

R.  F.  SKETCHLEY. 

THE  SAYINGS  AND  THE  DOINGS  OF  COUNT 
CAVOUR.  —  Walpole  said  of  himself  during  a 
portion  of  his  life  which  was  nationally  eventful, 
that  he  was  engaged  less  in  "reading"  than  in 
"  living"  history.  With  much  greater  reason  may 
we  say  so  now,  and  on  the  critical  contemporary 
history  which  is  so  rapidly  enacting,  I  hope  you 
will  allow  me  to  register  a  Note,  —  not  as  a  par- 
tizan,  but  as  a  student  anxious  to  preserve  for 
himself  and  others  characteristics  of  the  great 
actors  in  such  history,  which  might  otherwise  be 
forgotten  :  —  Three  months  ago,  when  the  idea  of 
the  surrender  of  Savoy  and  Nice  to  France  was 
rendering  the  public  mind  uneasy,  application  was 
made  to  Count  Cavour  by  men  whose  anxiety 
was  relieved  by  that  minister's  reply,  to  this 
effect :  that  he  knew  of  no  intention  existing  in 
any  party,  on  the  one  side  to  ask,  or  on  the  other 
to  consent  to,  such  a  surrender.  As  for  himself, 
he  would  never  agree  to  such  a  step,  &c.  Soon 
after  this,  it  became  public  that  a  treaty  had  been 
agreed  upon  by  France  and  Sardinia  for  the 
carrying  out  of  this  very  arrangement ;  and  now, 
in  the  debate  which  took  place  recently  in  the 
Sardinian  Parliament,  I  find  Count  Cavour  closing 
his  "apology"  for  himself  by  saying:  "Gentle- 
men, I  tell  you  frankly,  I  am  proud  of  having  ad- 
vised the  King  to  sign  this  treaty.  To  free  Venice 
from  her  chains  no  new  cession  of  territory  will 
be  necessary.  Were  it  proposed,  we  would  refuse 
it."  It  is  of  these  last  words,  in  Italics,  I  wish 
especially  to  make  a  Note,  that  students  of  contem- 
porary history  may  bear  the  assertion  in  mind, 
and  watch  how  performance  may  agree  with 
promise.  JOHN  DORAN. 

ANEMOMETER.  —  The  incidental  etymology  of 
this  compound  word  occurs,  2  Esdras  iv.  5. : — 

"  Then  said  he  unto  me,  go  thy  way,  weigh  me  the 
weight  of  the  fire,  or  measure  me  the  blast  of  the  wind, 
&c.  Then  answered  I,  and  said,  what  man  is  able  to  do 
that?"&c. 

The  above  passage  may  have  suggested  to  the 
scientific  mind  of  Croune,  or  his  more  fortunate 
successor  Wolfius,  to  the  former  of  whom  the 


S.  IX.  JUNE  9.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


443 


original  invention  of  the  Anemometer  has  been 
attributed,  the  discovery  of  some  instrument  which, 
by  the  ingenious  disposition  of  certain  mechanical 
appliances,  might  enable  us  to  measure  the  force 
of  the  wind.  F.  PHILLOTT. 

BALK,  AND  PIGHTEL  OR  PIKLE  :  VENTILATE.— 

The  words  balk  and  pightel  are  occasionally  to  be 
found  in  use  in  the  older  parts  of  the  State  of 
New  York  :  they  were  undoubtedly  brought  from 
England  by  the  early  settlers  of  the  province. 
The  word  balk,  when  used  alone,  denotes  an  un- 
cultivated strip  of  ground  —  generally  woodlqnd — 
between  adjoining  fields,  left  in  the  clearing  of  the 
country  as  a  shelter  for  cattle.  According  to 
Richardson,  balk,  in  some  of  the  counties  of  Eng- 
land, means  the  raised  line  of  earth  thrown  up  by 
two  adjoining  furrows  in  ploughed  ground.  Plough 
balk,  «'ind  swarth  balk,  are  also  used  here :  the 
latter  being  applied  to  the  line  of  grass  left  by  the 
mower's  scythe  in  each  successive  swarth. 

Pightel,  or  pihle,  is  a  word  very  nearly  obso- 
lete, and  so  rarely  in  use  that  I  am  at  a  loss  as 
to  its  etymology.  Pightel  signifies  an  enclosure 
surrounding  a  dwellinghouse,  and  is  sometimes 
synonymous  with  lawn.  I  am  inclined  to  think  it 
is  derived  from  the  sea  word  pight,  and  that  its 
original  meaning  was  a  piece  of  ground  staked  all 
round.  Perhaps  some  of  the  correspondents  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  will  be  able  to  indicate  in  what  parts 
of  England  these  words  are  used,  and  in  what 
sense. 

While  on  the  subject  of  words,  permit  me  to 
ask  whether  the  new  and  very  expressive  use  of 
the  word  ventilate  originated  in  England  or 
America  ?  H.  N. 

New  York. 

LATIN  PUZZLE.  —  The  boys  at  the  school  I  was 
at  were  fond  of  the  following,  which  I  do  not  re- 
collect having  seen  in  any  book  :  — 

"  Ssepe  cepi  cepe  sub  sepe," 

which,  spoken  quick,  appears  as  one  word  re- 
peated four  times.  Also, 

"  Mus  currit  in  agro  sine  pedibus  suis." 

J.  L.  P. 

THE  "  GOLD  ANTS"  OF  HERODOTUS,  —  In  the 
Athenceum  of  May  19th,  p.  687.,  is  this  statement 
from  Froebel's  Travels  in  Central  America :  — 

"  That  certain  species  of  ants  in  New  Mexico  construct 
their  nests  exclusively  of  small  stones,  of  the  same  mate- 
rial, chosen  by  the  insects  from  the  various  components 
of  the  sand  of  the  steppes  and  deserts.  In  one  part  of  the 
Colorado  Desert  their  heaps  were  formed  of  small  frag- 
ments of  crystallised  feldspar;  and  in  another,  imperfect 
crystals  of  red  transparent  garnets  were  the  materials  of 
which  the  ant-hills  were  built,  and  any  quantity  of  them 
might  there  be  obtained." 

This  corroborates  an  observation  in  vol.  ii.  of 

Humboldt's  Cosmos  (I  made  no  note  of  the  page)  : 

"  It  struck  me  to  see  that  in  the  basaltic  districts  of 


the  Mexican  highlands,  the  anfs  bring  together  heaps  of 
shining  grains  of  hyalite,  which  I  was  able  to  collect  out 
of  their  hillocks." 

Does  not  this  elucidate  the  gold-collecting  ants 
of  Herodotus,  and  rescue  a  fact  from  the  domain 
of  fiction?  F.  C.  B. 

Norwich. 

BEE  SUPERSTITION.  —  A  strange  mode  of  al- 
luring bees,  when  the  usual  way  of  dressing  cot- 
tagers' hives  fails,  was  related  to  me  lately  by  an 
old  farmer,  who  says  he  saw  it  practised  fifty 
years  ago  at  Churcham,  near  Gloucester :  — 
When  a  swarm  was  to  be  hived,  the  Churcham 
bee-masters,  it  appears,  did  not  moisten  the  inside 
of  the  hive  with  honey  or  sugar  and  water,  &c., 
but  threw  into  the  inverted  hive  about  a  pint  of 
beans,  which  they  then  caused  a  sow  to  devour 
from  the  hive  ;  and  deponent  stated  that  after  such 
a  process  the  swarm  at  once  took  to  the  hive. 
Now,  when  we  consider  how  delicately  fastidious 
are  bees  as  to  strong  or  unseemly  odours,  the 
puzzling  point  is,  does  this  custom,  if  fact,  rest 
upon  any  natural  or  recognisable  principle,  or  is 
it,  like  many  other  bee  customs,  the  relic  of  an 
effete  superstitious  usage  ? 

The  gentlemen  of  the  Mtfswell  Hill  Apiary 
may  perhaps  elucidate.  F.  S. 

THE  ROMAN  "DERBY-DAY." — The  practice  of 
starting  our  modern  race-horses  by  letting  fall  a 
flag  as  a  signal  may  boast  of  classical  antiquity,  if 
not  of  imperial  sanction.  In  the  great  race-course 
of  ancient  Rome  the  "  starter,"  as  soon  as  the 
rope  was  lowered,  gave  his  signal  by  dropping 
the  mappa  or  napkin,  when  the  chariots  dashed 
off  into  the  course  amid  the  roar  of  some  hundred 
thousand  spectators.  This  signal  is  said  to  have 
originated  with  the  Emperor  Nero,  who,  finding 
the  people  impatient  for  the  race  to  "  come  off," 
threw  down  his  dinner-napkin  as  a  signal  for  the 
horses  to  start.*  Only  four  chariots  "entered;" 
the  drivers  were  known  by  their  distinctive 
colours,  which  were  originally  green,  red,  bluey 
and  white,  emblematic  of  the  seasons.  Domitian 
added  yellow  and  purple ;  green,  however,  seems 
to  have  been  the  favourite.  Juvenal,  describing 
the  Derbyite  enthusiasm  which  emptied  senate- 
house  and  forum,  and  sent  all  Rome  mad  for  the 
first  day,  seems  to  allude  to  this  as  a  winning 
colour. 

"  Totam  hodie  Komam  circus  capit ;  et  fragor  aurem 
Percutit,  eventum  viridis  quo  colligo  panni." 

Libelli,  "correct  cards,"  were  distributed  among 
the  galleries  of  the  circus  with  the  horses'  and 
drivers'  names,  colours,  &c.,  while  the  same  poet's 
mention  of  "  audax  sponsio "  would  imply  that 
heavy  "odds"  were  offered  and  taken  on  the  race. 
The  metce,  round  which  the  chariots  turned,  was  a 


[*  See  "N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  vii.  486.— ED.] 


444 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX,  JUNE  9.  '60. 


critical  point  of  the  course.     Sophocles  (Electra, 
1. 738 — 48.)  gives  a  vivid  description  of  the  "ruck  " 

anr\  nt-aoli  of  fliic  "  Tat.tpnlin.m  p.nrnpr  " 


Tattenham  corner. 

F.  PHILLOTT. 


and  crash  at  this 


DRAWING  SOCIETY  OF  DUBLIN. 
This  institution  has  been  recalled  to  my  mind 
by  seeing,  from  the  Life  of  Sir  Martin  Shee,  that 
he  was  educated  by  it;  and  I  am  desirous  of 
knowing  something  of  the  Society  itself,  and  of  a 
plan  of  education  which  was  proposed  by  it  in 
1768.  I  have  a  book  with  the  following  title :  — 
"  Second  Volume  of  the  Instructions  given  in  the 
Drawing  School  established  by  the  Dublin  Society,  pur- 
suant to  their  Resolution  of  the  4th  of  February,  1768 ; 
to  enable  youth  to  become  proficients  in  the  different 
branches  of  that  art,  and  to  pursue  with  success  geo- 
graphical, nautical,  mechanical,  commercial,  and  mili- 
tary studies.  Under  the  direction  of  Joseph  Fenn,  here- 
tofore professor  of  philosophy  in  the  University  of  Nants." 
Dublin,  1772,  4to. 

The  motto  on  the  frontispiece  is  "  Multi  per- 
transibunt  et  augebitur  scientia,"  from  Bacon  (see 
post,  p.  450.)  This  is  probably  from  Montucla, 
whose  work,  published  in  1758,  was  unfairly  used, 
and  without  mention,  by  Mr.  Fenn,  who  certainly 
had  the  means  of  doing  better.  EUs  historical 
preface  is  very  learned,  and  somewhat  fanciful ; 
entirely  out  of  place  for  his  proposed  readers. 
The  book  is  a  perfect  marvel,  as  intended  for  a 
school  of  drawing,  geography,  &c.  Under  the 
old  name  of  specious  arithmetic,  certain  parts  of 
algebra  are  given,  the  parts  most  foreign  to 
graphical  application  being  most  dwelt  upon. 
The  handling  of  the  algebraic  solution  of  equa- 
tions, and  of  elimination,  is  far  too  extensive  and 
minute  even  for  a  technical  treatise  of  our  day. 
The  mathematician  will  be  amused  to  hear  of  a 
book  of  300  pages,  which  defines  integers  at  page 
1.,  and  gives  the  result  of  elimination  between  two 
general  equations  of  the  fourth  degree  at  page 
104.  The  differential  calculus  is  also  used  on 
one  occasion,  at  least,  and  this  in  the  language  of 
Leibnitz,  not  of  Newton,  —  a  thing  unique  in  the 
English  of  the  time.  And  Newton's  analytical 
triangle,  as  it  was  then  called,  is  given  as  a  matter 
of  pure  algebra,  unconnected  with  geometrical  use. 

Can  any  account  be  given  of  this  drawing 
school ;  of  the  history  and  duration  of  its  course  ; 
and  of  the  other  volumes,  if  any,  of  this  book? 

A.  DE  MORGAN. 


THE  KEV.  JOHN  HUT-TON,  B.D.,  vicar  of  Burton, 
was  author  of  "  A  Tour  to  the  Caves  in  the  West 
Riding  of  Yorkshire,  in  a  Letter  to  a  Friend,"  in- 
serted in  West's  Guide  to  the  Lakes.  In  the  tenth 
edition  of  that  work  (1812),  he  is  called  the  late 
Rev.  John  Hutton,  B.D.  It  appears  that  the 


article  inserted  in  the  Guide  to  the  Lakes  is  only 
part  of  a  work.  The  following  Queries  arise  :  — 

1.  Was  the  author  John  Hutton,  Fellow  of  St. 
John's   College,  Cambridge;    B.A.  1763;    M.A. 
1766;  B.D.  1774? 

2.  Was  he  vicar  of  Burton,  in  Westmorland? 

3.  What  is  the  title,  size,  date,  and  place  of 
publication,  of  the  work  from  which  the  article  in 
the  Guide  to  the  Lakes  is  taken?     We  only  know 
that  it  was  to  be  had  of  W.  Pennington,  Kendal, 
price  1.9.  6d. 

4.  When  did  he  die  ? 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 
Cambridge. 

KTPPEN.  — What  is  the  etymology  of  this  term 
in  the  names  of  places,  as  Kippenross  ?  J.  P.  O. 

DONNYBROOK   BURNED    IN    1624. It    has    been 

lately  asserted  very  confidently  in  an  Irish  period- 
ical, that  Donnybrook,  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Dublin,  was  destroyed  by  a  great  fire  in  1624. 
The  writer  has  given  neither  his  name  nor  his 
authority ;  and  I  have  not  any  means  at  hand  of 
ascertaining  the  truth  of  his  assertion.  Being 
anxious  to  know  whether  it  really  was  so,  I  am 
induced  to  trouble  you  with  a  Query.  ABHBA. 

SOLDIERS'  LIBRARY. — Can  any  of  your  readers 
give  some  more  particulars  and  copious  informa- 
tion respecting  the  library  mentioned  above  than 
is  contained  in  the  following  title-page :  — Biblio- 
theca  Militum ;  or  the  Soldiers'  Public  Library, 
lately  erected  at  Walingford  House.  4to.  London, 
1653  ?  Cms. 

WILLIAM  BAKER,  of  Clare  Hall,  has  verses  in 
the  University  collections  on  the  marriage  of 
Geo.  III.,  1761,  and  the  birth  of  George,  Prince 
of  Wales,  1762.  He  was  afterwards  of  Bayford- 
bury,  in  Hertfordshire,  and  M.P.  for  that  county. 
When  did  he  die  ?  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

MANIFOLD  WRITERS. — Here  is  an  extract  from 
one  of  quaint  old  Fuller's  Sermons  (Grand  As- 
sizes), alluding  to  an  invention  which  is  generally 
supposed  to  have  originated  in  modern  times  :  — 

"  There  is  still  a  Project  propounded  on  the  Royall 
Exchange  in  London,  wherein  one  offers  (if  meeting  with 
proportionable  encouragement  for  his  paines),  so  ingenu- 
ously to  contrive  the  matter,  that  every  Letter  written, 
shall  with  the  same  paines  of  the  Writer  instantly  render 
a  double  impression,  besides  the  Originall;  each  of  which 
Inscript  (for  Transcript  I  cannot  properly  tearme  it) 
shall  be  as  faire  and  full,  as  lively  and  legible  as  the 
Originall.  Whether  this  will  ever  be  really  effected,  or 
whether  it  will  prove  an  Abortive,  as  most  Designes  of 
this  nature,  Time  will  tell.  Sure  I  am,  if  performed,  it 
will  be  very  beneficiall  for  Merchants,  who  generally 
keepe  Duplicates  of  their  Letters  to  their  Correspondents." 

This  is  another  addition  to  the  already  well- 
filled  list  of  so-called  modern  inventions  which, 
whether  intentionally  or  accidentally,  are  nothing 


2"4  S.  ix.  JUNE  9.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


445 


but  adaptations  of  old  ideas.  Who  was  the  ad- 
vertiser mentioned  by  Fuller  ?  and  did  he  ever 
succeed  in  bringing  his  invention  into  use  ? 

G.  M.  G. 

HOGARTH  FAMILY.  —  Some  years  ago  I  sent  a 
Query  about  this  family  to  ".N".  &  Q.,"  which  I 
ani  sorry  to  see  has  not  produced  much  result. 

May  I  ask  MENYANTHES,  who  contributes  the 
extracts  from  the  Hutton  Kirk  Session  Records 
(2nd  S.  viii.  325.),  in  which  several  of  the  name 
are  mentioned,  if  he  has  ever  met  with  any  notices 
of  "John  Hoggarth,"  who  lived  atGreenknowe  in 
the  parish  of  Gordon  circa  1680?  Most  of  the 
numerous  branches  of  the  family  which  flourished 
in  the  Border  counties  in  the  eighteenth  century 
descended  from  him,  and  my  object  is  to  trace 
them  all  back  to  the  Cumberland  and  Westmore- 
land stock.  SIGMA  THETA. 

EPITAPH.  — 

"  Stranger !  whoe'er  thou  art,  that  view'st  this  tomb, 
Know  that  here  lies,  in  the  cold  arms  of  Death, 
The  young  Alexis :  gentle  was  his  soul. 
As  sweetest  music ;  to  the  charms  of  love 
Not  cold,  nor  to  the  social  charities 
Of  mild  humanity :  in  yonder  grove 
He  woo'd  the  willing  Muse :  Simplicity 
Stood  by  and  smiled :  Here  ev'ry  night  they  come, 
And  with  the  Virtues  and  the  Graces  tune 
The  note  of  woe ;  weeping  their  favorite 
Slain  in  his  bloom,  in  the  fair  prime  of  life,  — 
'  Would  he  had  liv'd ! '  —  Alas !  in  vain  that  wish 
Escapes  thee ;  never,  Stranger,  shalt  thou  see 
The  youth ;  He's  dead.    The  Virtuous  soonest  die." 

Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  name  the  author 
of  the  above  lines,  which  are  interesting  as  having 
been  rendered  into  Greek  by  Porson  as  an  exer- 
cise for  his  scholarship  on  2nd  December,  1781  ? 

W.  C.  TREVELYAN. 

"  To    BE    FOUND   IN    THE  VOCATIVE."  —  What  IS 

the  origin  of  this  idiomatic  expression  ?  It  has 
struck  me  that  it  may  be  derived  from  the  man- 
ner in  which  Latin  nouns  having  no  vocatives  are 
mentioned  in  the  grammars  :  "  Vocative,  want- 
ing," whence,  to  be  found  in  the  vocative  might  be 
held  to  mean  to  be  found  wanting.  Can  any  other 
explanation  be  given  ?  UNEDA. 

Philadelphia. 

"  ST.  MAKEDRANUS,  ST.  MADRYN. — In  an  ancient 
grant  of  land  in  Cumberland,  I  find  the  boundary 
described  at  one  point  as  being  a  rivulet  from  the 
fountain  of  Saint  Makedranus  (Sci  Makedrani). 
Can  any  of  your  correspondents  say  who,  or  of 
what  country,  this  saint  was?  I  can  find  none  in 
any  calendar  with  a  name  approaching  it  nearer 
than  St.  Madryn.  Who  was  St.  Madryn  ? 

CARLISLE. 

POPE  AND  HOGARTH.  —  Some  time  since,  if  I 
remember  rightly,  some  remarks  appeared  in  "  N. 
&  Q."  on  the  curious  fact  that  no  allusion  to 
Shakspeare  is  to  be  found  in  the  writings  of  his 


illustrious  contemporary  Lord  Bacon,  while  to 
judge  from  what  he  has  written  Bacon  himself 
knew  nothing  of  Shakspeare.  I  have  just  been 
looking  through  the  writings  of  Pope,  in  hopes  of 
finding  some  reference  to  his  celebrated  contem- 
porary Hogarth,  but  have  failed  in  doing  so.  Can 
it  be  possible  that  the  Bard  of  Twickenham  has 
never  once  alluded  to  the  great  English  painter, 
or  have  I  overlooked  the  allusion  ?  If  so;  refer- 
ence to  any  passage  in  Pope  in  which  Hogarth  is 
mentioned  will  greatly  oblige.  P.  A.  H. 

"  MORS  MORTIS  MORTI,"  ETC.  —  Who  is  the  au- 
thor  of  the  Latin  distich  annexed,  of  which  I  have 
subjoined  an  attempt  at  translation  ?  — 

"  Mors  mortis  morti  mortem  nisi  morte  dedisset, 
Eternae  vitas  Janua  clausa  foret." 

"  Had  not  the  death  of  death  by  death  given  death  to 

death, 
Our  souls  had  perished  with  this  mortal  breath." 

W.  B. 
BURNING  ALIVE.  — 

"  In  treasons  of  every  kind,"  says  Blackstone,  iv.  vi., 
"  the  punishment  of  women  is  the  same,  and  different 
from  that  of  men.  For  as  the  decency  due  to  the  sex 
forbids  the  exposing  and  publicly  mangling  their  bodies, 
their  sentence  (which  is  to  the  full  as  terrible  to  sensa- 
tion as  the  other)  is  to  be  drawn  to  the  gallows,  and 
there  to  be  burned  alive." 

This  punishment  of  women  was  abolished  by 
stat.  30  George  III.  c.  48.  What  is  the  latest 
known  instance  of  its  having  been  inflicted  ?  *  The 
punishment  of  burning  alive  is  at  the  present  time 
(if  we  may  believe  the  newspapers)  not  un fre- 
quently inflicted  on  Negroes  in  the  United  States. 
Is  this  done  under  the  authority  of  any  statutes 
of  the  local  legislatures  ?  and,  if  not,  have  those 
who  have  inflicted  the  punishment  been  ever 
visited  with  any  penalties  for  so  doing  ?  In  what 
civilised  countries  has  burning  alive  been  sanc- 
tioned as  a  punishment  for  secular  offences  as 
distinguished  from  heresy,  &c.  ?  W. 

"  THE   CHRISTIAN'S  DUTY."  —  Who   was    the 

author  of  a  volume  entitled  The  Christians  Duty 
from  the  Sacred  Scriptures  ?  It  professes  to  con- 
tain "  all  that  is  necessary  to  be  believed  and 
practised  in  order  to  our  eternal  salvation  ;"  was 
printed  in  London  in  1730,  and  was  reprinted  in 
same  place  in  1822  (8vo.  pp.  304.).  ABHBA. 

KEY.  PETER  SMITH.  —  Can  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents inform  me  — 

1st.  When  and  where  the  Rev.  Peter  Smith, 
rector  of  Winfrith,  Dorset,  in  the  seventeenth 
century,  whose  tablet  may  still  be  seen  in  Win- 
frith  Church,  married  Dorothy,  daughter  and  sole 

[*  In  the  2nd  vol.  of  our  1st  Series  will  be  found  re- 
corded many  of  the  latest  instances  of  women  being  burnt 
alive.  The  last,  which  took  place  on  the  18th  March, 
1789,  is  described  by  an  eyewitness  in  "  N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  ii. 
260.— ED.  «  N.  &  Q."] 


446 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«d  S.  IX.  JUNE  9.  'CO. 


heiress  of  Seymour  Bowman,  Esq.,  of  Kyrkos- 
wald,  Cumberland,  and  of  the  Inner  Temple. 

2nd.  Whether  the  said  Peter  Smith  bore  arms 
before  his  marriage,  and,  if  so,  what  they  were  ? 

3rd.  Any  information  respecting  his  ancestors 
will  be  most  acceptable. 

4th.  Was  the  above  mentioned  Dorothy  Bow- 
man the  only  child  of  Seymour  Bowman,  Esq.  ? 

C.  E.  S. 
A  descendant  of  the  Rev.  Peter  Smith. 

LAW  OF  SCOTLAND. — Is  it  true  that  by  the  law 
of  Scotland  a  man  is  entitled  to  add  his  mother's 
maiden  name  to  his  own,  after  her  death,  should 
he  choose  to  do  so  ?  QUERIST. 

WILLIAM  PARKER.  —  Is  there  any  direct  evi- 
dence to  prove  that  William  Parker,  uncle  to 
Thomas  the  last  Lord  Morley  and  Mounteagle, 
died  without  legitimate  issue  ?  Mr.  T.  C.  Banks, 
author  of  the  Dormant  and  Extinct  Jlaronage,  told 
me  there  was  not ;  and  I  have  seen  an  old  pedi- 
gree which  states  that  he  married  a  Miss  Hollings- 
worth,  whom  he  abandoned,  and  had  issue  by  her 
a  daughter  who  married  and  had  issue. 

ARNOLD  VOOST. 

QUOTATIONS  WANTED.  — Who  is  the  author  of 
these  lines :  — 

"  With  that,  she  smote  her  on  the  lips  — 

Were  dyed  a  double  red : 
Hard  was"  the  heart  that  dealt  the  blow, 
Soft  were  the  lips  that  bled." 

(They  refer  to  Queen  Eleanor  and  Fair  Rosa- 
mond.) I  should  be  glad  to  know  where  the  rest 
of  the  poem  is  to  be  found.  F.  L. 

1.  "  Words  are  fools'  pence,  and  the  wise  man's  coun- 
ters." 

2.  "  I'll  make  assurance  doubly  sure."  * 

3.  "  Thus  fools  mistake  reverse  of  wrong  for  right."  — 
Pope  ? 

4.  "  Politeness  is  benevolence  in  trifles." 

6.  "  Nunquam  pcriclum  sine  periclo  vincitur." 
6.  "  Call  not  the  Royal  Swede  unfortunate." 

ACHE. 

"  Trust  not  in  Reason,  Epicurus  cries, 
But  test  the  senses;  there  conviction  lies." 

JOHN  PAVIN  PniLLipg. 

Haverfordwest. 

Who  is  the  author  of  the  hymn  commencing  : 

"  The  Lord  our  God  is  full  of  might, 

The  winds  obey  his  will : 
He  speaks,  and  in  his  heavenly  height 
The  rolling  sun  stands  still.'' 

It  is  No.  36.  of  Bickersteth's  collection. 
CERVUS. 

[*  Macbeth,  Act  IV.  Sc.  1.— ED.  "N.  &  Q."] 


Who  is  the  author  of  the  following  lines  ?  — 
"  Be  pleased  and  satisfied  with  what  thou  art : 
Act  well  thine  own  allotted  part. 
Enjoy  the  present  hour,  be  thankful  for  the  past, 
Nor  wish,  nor  fear  the  coming  of  the  last." 

W.  J.  S, 


"  My  blessings  on  your  heart, 
You  brew  good" ale." 

[  Two  Gentlemen  of  Verona,  Act  III.  Sc.  1.] 


J.  E. 


"  They  came,  they  went.    Of  pleasures  past  away     • 
How  often  is  this  all  that  we  can  say, 
Came  like  the  cystus." 

"  We  wept  not,  though  we  knew  that  'twas  the  last." 

N.  J.  H. 


"  Cleanliness  is  next  to  Godliness." 
Where  is  this  to  be  found  ?* 


W.  T. 


Can  any  of  your  correspondents  kindly  inform 
me  where' I  may  find  the  following  lines  ?  — 
"  She  took  the  cup  of  life  to  sip, 

Too  bitter  'twas  to  drain ; 
She  put  it  gently  from  her  lip, 

And  fell  to  sleep  again." 

The  following  words,  or  at  least  words  of  similar 
meaning,  I  heard  quoted  as  from  an  old  divine. 
Where  may  they  be  found  ?  — 

"  Humility  deepens  through  all  eternity,  and  is  greater 
before  the  glory  of  the  throne,  than  in  the  dust  of  the 
footstool." 

In  the  Bible  we  read,  "  Perfect  lore  casteth 
out  fear."  Can  any  of  your  readers  help  me  to 
any  passage  of  similar  import  in  our  English  poets, 
showing  that  as  love  increases,  jealousy  and  sus- 
picion decrease  ?  LIBYA. 

PUT  A  SNECK  IN  THE  KETTLE  CROOK. "  Hecb, 

Sirs,  wha  wad  a  thocht  it  put  a  sneck  i'  the  kettle 
crook  after  that,"  is  a  saying  of  no  unfrequent  use 
among  us  in  the  northern  parts  of  these  islands  on 
hearing  of  any  circumstance  having  happened  cal- 
culated to  cause  surprise,  or  create  wonder  by  its 
novelty.  Thus  the  phrase  is  frequently  used  by 
those  to  whom  an  instance  of  "  pluck  "  is  told,  of 
a  husband  in  whose  menage  generally  "  the  gray 
mare  is  considered  to  be  the  better  horse,"  on 
listening  to  an  account  of  a  veteran  celebataire 
having  taken  to  himself  for  wife  his  plain  cook  or 
a  Miss  in  her  teens,  or  a  woman  of  slow  parts 
being  reported  to  have  perpetrated  a  passable 
calembourg  or  an  average  jeu  de  mots.  Should  a 
story  get  afloat  of  a  mean-dispositioned  fellow 
having  acted  a  generous  part,  "  a  brute  of  a  hus- 
band" having  made  some  solitary  display  of  re- 
fard  for  an  "ill-used  wife,"  a  mother-in-law 
aving  disinterestedly  preferred  to  reside  in  her 


[*  The  probable  origin  from  Hebrews  x.  22,  is  shov.n 
in  our  1*  S.  iv.  491.— ED.  «  N.  &  Q."] 


2nd  s.  IX.  JUNE  9.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


447 


own  house  to  that  of  her  "dear  boy  George," 
her  son-in-law,  or  of  the  Chancellor  of  the 
Exchequer  having  in  a  fit  of  enthusiasm  re- 
solved on  forthwith  trying  a  repeal  of  the  income- 
tax,  "Hech,  Sirs,  Avha  wad  a  thocht  it  put  asneck 
i'  the  kettle  crook  after  that,"  is  oftentimes  given 
utterance  to.  I  can  vouch  for  the  saying  being 
one  in  common  use.  Cnn  any  of  the  correspondents 
of  the  ubiquitous  "  N.  &  Q."  inform  me  why  a 
phrase  so  quaint  should  have  been  adopted,  and 
why  the  "  kettle  crook "  should  be  thus  selected 
of  all  things  in  the  world  as  a  suitable  record  for 
remarkable  events.  In  times  of  change  and  im- 
provement, such  as  the  present,  when  indeed  all 
things  threaten  to  become  new,  modern  altera- 
tions in  architecture  may  very  possibly  leave  the 
"  kettle  crook  "  of  our  fathers  amongst  the  things 
that  were.  In  the  event  of  this  proving  the  case, 
and  for  the  benefit  of  those  persons  not  conversant 
with  matters  such  as  the  fireplaces  of  our  cook- 
houses and  kitchens,  I  may  mention  that  the 
"  kettle  crook  "  is  a  piece  of  solid  iron  with  a  hook 
at  its  end,  fixed  by  the  upper  end  to  an  iron  bar 
placed  across  the  chimney-vent,  and  that  sus- 
pended by  are  the  bows  (in  northern  dialect,  bools) 
on  which  are  hung  in  their  turn  the  metal  pot, 
saucepan,  or  whatever  other  utensil  may  be  used 
for  the  cooking  of  the  food.  K. 

Arbroath. 

EDWARD  BASSET,  Fellow  of  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge,  B.A.  1698,  M.A.  1704,  rector  of  Horse- 
heath  1709,  LL.D.  Com.  Reg.  1728,  rector  of 
Balsham,  1732;  was  living  in  1733.  Any  subse- 
quent notice  of  him  is  requested. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

STOCKDALES  THE  PUBLISHERS. — Perhaps  some 
of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  can  solve  the  Queries 
propounded  in  the  following  extracts  from  an  in- 
teresting article  on  the  early  literary  history  of 
Shelley,  entitled  "  Shelley  in  Pall  Mall,"  which 
appears  in  Macmillans  Magazine  for  the  present 
month :  — 

"  So  extensive  is  the  miscellaneous  bibliographical  and 
literaiy  lore  lying  safely  hidden  away  in  unsuspected 
quarters,  that"  a  line  of  inquiry  in  Notes  and  Queries 
would  almost  certainly  elicit  some  one  able  to  tell  us  all 
about  the  ancient  publishing-house  of  the  Stockdales  — 
father  and  son  —  to  inform  us  -when  they  commenced 
business  and  where,  and  what  were  the  principal  books 
they  published,  and  in  what  years,  and  how  these  specu- 
lations respectively  turned  out?— and  so  trace  the  Pall 
Mall  chameleon  through  all  its  changes,  from  original 
whiteness  to  the  undeniable  sable  of  the  publication  we 
are  about  to  notice." 

The  publication  referred  to  is  a  periodical  is- 
sued in  1827,  under  the  title  of  Stockdales  Budget  ^ 
—  a   sort  of  Appendix  to  the   more   celebrated 
Memoirs  of  Harriet  Wilson,  published  by  Stock- 
dale  some  years  previously. 

Let  me  add  that  Stockdale  the  elder  was  the 
publisher  of  Ayscough's  useful  Index  to  Shak- 


speare,  which  is  described  as  "  printed  for  John 
Stockdale,  opposite  Burlington  House,  Picca- 
dilly, 1790;"  and  that  the  younger  Stockdale, 
at  the  time  of  the  publication  of  Harriet  Wilson, 
resided  in  the  "  Opera  Colonnade."  Did  he  not 
figure  in  the  celebrated  privilege  case  between 
the  House  of  Commons  and  the  Court  of  King's 
Bench  ?  S.  T.  P. 

PUBLIC  DISPUTATION.  —  One  of  the  early  re- 
formers visiting  a  certain  city,  and  taking  with 
him  for  distribution  copies  of  a  recently  published 
version  of  the  Scriptures,  was  invited  on  his  ar- 
rival to  hold  a  public  disputation  with  a  Roman 
Catholic  Doctor  of  high  renown.  The  Doctor,  in 
the  course  of  the  discussion,  cited  a  text  of  Scrip- 
ture. "That  is  not  correctly  translated,"  said 
the  reformer.  "  Nav,"  replied  the  Doctor,  "  it 
is  the  translation  which  stands  in  the  version  that 
you  yourself  have  brought  here  and  distributed." 
This,  on  examination,  proved  to  be  the  fact ;  and, 
in  consequence,  the  whole  assembly  voted  by  ac- 
clamation that  the  reformer  was  beaten,  and  the 
learned  Doctor  received  the  prize  of  victory,  a 
golden  rose. 

Who  was  the  reformer  in  question  ?  and  where 
is  the  above  anecdote  related  ?  VEDETTE. 

MR.  WILLIAM  UPTON. — If  one  is  mystified  upon 
literary  subjects,  and  one  asks  a  friend  to  solve 
one's  doubts,  if  he  feel  also  perplexed,  one  gene- 
rally receives  for  answer,  "  Write  to  Notes  8f 
Queries"  I  therefore  beg  to  obtain  some  informa- 
tion of  the  above  gentleman.  He  was  author 
of  Poems  on  Several  Occasions,  published  in  his 
name,  1788,  8vo. ;  and  also  "  A  Collection  of 
Songs  sung  at  Vauxhall,"  8vo.,  about  the  same 
date ;  and  he  was  one  of  the  gens  de  plume  of  that 
period,  in  the  highest  request,  as  a  writer  of  songs 
for  places  of  public  entertainment.  I  observe 
by  the  Illustrated  Book  of  English  Songs  from 
the  Sixteenth  to  the  Nineteenth  Century,  a  very 
neat  and  pleasing  selection,  at  p.  106.,  third  edi- 
tion, "  The  Lass  of  Richmond  Hill  "is  ascribed  to 
Mr.  William  Upton  ;  and  also  I  observe  by  the 
Public  Advertiser  of  Monday,  3rd  August,  1789, 
that  it  was  then  produced  at,  Vauxhall,  and  was  a 
great  favourite  with  the  public ;  Incledon  being 
the  singer,  whose  incomparable  voice  might  al- 
most render  any  song  popular.  And  with  regard 
to  its  being  identified  with  any  one  particular 
damsel  of  that  locality,  I  suspect  we  shall  find  that 
point  a  perfectly  gratuitous  supposition.  2.  2. 

ANNOTATED  COPT  or  MINSHEU'S  DICTIONARY. 
—  In  Harding  and  Lepard's  Catalogue  of  Rare 
and  Valuable  Books,  1829,  No.  2903,  occurs  a 
copy  of  Minsheu's  Dictionary  of  Nine  Languages, 
folio,  Lond.  1625,  to  which  is  appended  the  fol- 
lowing note :  — 

"  This  copy  is  enriched  with  copious  manuscript  addi- 
tions by  Bishop  Wren,  with  a  view  to  a  new  edition  of 


448 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  JUNE  9;  'GO. 


the  work,  probably  during  his  long  confinement  in  the 
Tower.    It  was  formerly  in  the  library  of  Dr.  Askew." 

Where  is  this  copy  now  ? 

EDWARD  F.  RIMBAULT. 


•  rsj-  REVISION  OF  THE  PRAYER-BOOK.  —  Will  you 
print  the  following  copy  of  a  title-page  now  be- 
fore me  ? 

"Free  and  Candid  Disquisitions  relating  to  the  Church 
of  England,  and  the  means  of  advancing  Religion  therein. 
Addressed  to  the  Governing  Powers  in  Church  and  State, 
and  more  immediately  directed  to  the  two  Houses  of  Con- 
vocation." London,  A.  Millar,  1749,  pp.  27.  340.  8vo. 

The  above  is  a  curious  and  valuable  work,  in  an 
admirable  spirit,  almost  exclusively  devoted  to  the 
question  of  a  revision  of  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer.  It  contains  almost  all  the  arguments 
which  are  now  urged  by  the  advocates  of  revi- 
sion, besides  useful  information  on  the  history  of 
the  question.  Those  who  take  any  part  in  the 
controversy  would  do  well  to  consult  this  volume, 
the  subject  and  character  of  which  would  scarcely 
be  inferred  from  the  title.  Let  me  add  that  in 
addition  to  the  discussions  respecting  the  Book  of 
Common  Prayer,  the  Free  and  Candid  Disqui- 
sitions contain  some  things  worth  reading  on  the 
revision  of  the  Authorised  Version  of  the  English 
Bible.  B.  H.  C. 

[This  work  is  the  production  of  the  Rev.  John  Jones 
of  Worcester  College,  Oxford,  and  vicar  of  Alconbury, 
which  he  resigned  in  1751  for  the  rectory  of  Boulne- 
Hurst  in  Bedfordshire.  In  1759  he  accepted  the  curacy 
of  Welwyn  from  Dr.  Young,  author  of  Night  Thoughts, 
and  was  appointed  one  of  his  executors.  He  afterwards 
returned  to  Boulne-Hurst,  and  probably  obtained  no 
other  preferment.  Mr.  Jones  appears  to  have  been  re- 
markable for  his  modesty  and  amiability  of  character, 
pious  and  regular  in  his  deportment,  diligent  in  his 
clerical  functions,  and  indefatigable  in  his  studies,  which 
were  chiefly  employed  in  promoting  the  scheme  of  re- 
formation digested  in  his  Candid  Disquisitions.  Bishop 
Warburton  did  not  think  very  highly  of  his  literary  abi- 
lities, for  in  a  letter  to  Dr.  Doddridge,  dated  June  25, 
1741,  he  says,  "  Mr.  Jones,  the  Huntingdonshire  clergy- 
man, came  hither  with  the  Doctor.  By  two  or  three 
things  which  dropped  from  him,  I  find  he  suspects  you 
slight  his  acquaintance ;  and  truly,  if  it  were  my  case,  I 
should  continue  so  to  do ;  for,  betwixt  friends,  I  take  him 
to  be  a  mere  solemn  coxcomb."  Mr.  Jones  submitted  the 
manuscript  of  his  Disquisitions  to  the  notorious  Francis 
Blackburne,  Archdeacon  of  Cleveland,  who  returned  it 
without  any  corrections,  and  blamed  the  author  for  being 
so  excessively  cautious  of  giving  offence  to  the  higher 
powers.  The  work  was  afterwards  forwarded  to  Abp. 
Seeker  to  be  laid  before  the  Convocation;  but  that  body 
having  been  prorogued  by  an  arbitrary  exercise  of  the 
royal  authority,  was  not  permitted  to  deliberate  on  church 
matters.  The  publication  of  the  Candid  Disquisitions  in 
1749  rekindled  the  dying  embers  of  the  Bangorian  con- 
troversy, and  for  a  few  years  occasioned  a  keen  discus- 
sion. In  1750  appeared  the  second  edition,  revised  and 
improved.  The  work  was  attacked  by  two  clergymen. 
1.  Free  and  Impartial  Considerations  upon  the  "  Free  and 


Candid  Disquisitions."  By  a  Gentleman  [i.e.  John  White, 
B.D.,  Fellow  of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge],  8vo. 
1751.  2.  Remarks  on  the  "  Candid  Disquisitions."  By  a 
Presbyter  of  the  Church  of  England  \_i.e.  the  Rev.  John 
Boswell  of  Taunton],  8vo.  1751.  The  first  work  pub- 
lished by  the  author  of  The  Confessional  was  in  defence 
of  Mr.  Jones's  Disquisitions,  entitled  An  Apology  for  the 
Authors  of  a  Book  entitled  "Free  and  Candid  Disquisitions 
relating  to  the  Church  of  England."  8vo.  1750.] 

MONUMENTAL  BRASSES.  —  In  a  Catalogue  of 
a  valuable  collection  of  MSS.  of  Craven  Ord,  Esq., 
and  a  curious  collection  of  autographs,  sold  by 
Mr.  Evans  on  Monday,  Jan.  25  and  four  fol- 
lowing days,  1830,  is  the  following  article:  — 

"  Xo.  1102.  MONUMENTAL  BRASSES.  —  A  most  exten- 
sive, curious,  and  highly  valuable  collection  of  impres- 
sions from  ancient  Monumental  Brasses,  taken  at  the 
expence  and  generally  under  the  immediate  superin- 
tendance  of  Craven  Ord,  Esq.  In  2  vols.  about  six  feet 
in  height,  with  a  stand  to  hold  them,  sold  for  431.  Is.  Qd. 
The  Auctioneer  adds  this  note : 

"  *  *  *  This  Collection  of  impressions  from  ancient 
Monumental  Brasses  is  most  probably  matchless.  Many 
of  the  figures  are  upwards  of  six  feet  in  height.  The 
impressions  were  taken  nearty  half  a  century  ago ;  many 
of  the  Brasses  may  have  been  since  defaced,  and  others 
destroyed.  The  value  of  the  collection  is  much  en- 
hanced by  the  greater  part  of  the  impressions  being  ac- 
companied with  notices  from  the  pen  of  Craven  Ord, 
Esq.,  pointing  out  when  they  were  taken.  It  is  to  be 
hoped  that  this  collection  will  be  secured  and  deposited 
in  some  public  or  private  collection  to  which  the  Anti- 
quary may  have  access.  It  forms  a  most  valuable  Sup- 
plement to  Gough's  Sepulchral  Monuments." 

As  it  has  been  announced  that  a  new  edition  of 
Mr.  Gough's  Sepulchral  Monuments  is  about  to  be 
printed,  it  is  well  to  call  attention  to  this  work  of 
Mr.  Ord  ;  and  should  the  publishers  be  acquainted 
with  it,  there  are  various  local  antiquarian  so- 
cieties whose  members  are  seeking  such  informa- 
tion, and  who  would  be  glad  to  know  through 
"  N.  &  Q."  whether  this  collection  is  deposited 
in  a  public  library,  or  is  in  the  possession  of  a 
private  individual.  J.  M.  GUTCH. 

Worcester. 

[This  collection  of  impressions,  which  sold  for  43Z.  Is., 
is  now  in  the  Print  Room  of  the  British  Museum,  to 
which  it  was  bequeathed  by  the  late  Mr.  Douce.] 

BENJAMIN  BAXTER  wrote  two  books,  Self- 
Posing,  published  in  1661,  with  a  preface  by 
Richard  Baxter,  and  Posing  Questions  put  by 
Solomon  to  the  Wisest  Men,  1662.  Did  he  write 
other  works?  Was  he  related  to  Richard  Baxter? 

B.  H.  C. 

[In  the  Bodleian  library  are  two  works  relating  to 
Benjamin  Baxter:  1.  Mr.  Baxter  Baptized  in  Blood;  or 
a  History  of  the  barbarous  Murther  of  Mr.  Baxter  by  the 
Anabaptists  in  New  England.  4to.  Lond.  1673.  This  is 
a  fictitious  production,  attributed  to  Dr.  Samuel  Parker. 
See  Crosby's  History  of  the  English  Baptists,  ii.  278—294. 
2.  A  Plea  for  the  late  excellent  Mr.  Baxter,  and  those  that 
speak  of  the  Sufferings  of  Christ  as  he  does,  in  Answer  to 
Mr.  Lobb's  Charge  of  Socinianism  against  'em.  8vo. 
Lond.  1699.] 


S.  IX.  JUNE  9.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


449 


LES  CHAUFFEURS  DU  NORD. —  I  should  feel 
obliged  to  any  person  who  would  inform  me  whe- 
ther" a  history  of  these  banditti  has  yet  been 
published  in  any  language.  All  I  know  of  them 
is  derived  from  the  novel  published  in  the  name 
of  Vidocq,  the  French  police  spy.  From  that  I 
gather  that  they  infested  the  borders  of  France 
and  Belgium  during  the  confusion  of  the  first 
revolution.  They  were  numerous,  well  organised, 
and  comprised  persons  from  almost  every  station 
in  society.  Among  them  were  several  females,  in 
particular  Julia  Maria,  a  woman  of  great  beauty, 
talents,  and  courage.  For  a  while  they  plundered, 
murdered,  &c.  with  impunity,  but  when  the  poli- 
tical tempest  had  subsided  the  French  government 
had  leisure  to  attend  to  the  Chauffeurs.  Vigorous 
measures  were  then  adopted ;  the  bands  were  com- 
pletely broken  up,  the  members  of  them  hunted 
down,  and  numbers  taken  and  guillotined,  thirty- 
seven  in  one  day  at  Bruges,  which  had  recently 
been  annexed  to  France.  The  above  is  stated  in 
the  preface  to  be  true,  or  at  least  founded  in 
truth ;  how  far  it  is  to  be  depended  upon  as  to 
facts  I  cannot  say.  I  do  not  even  know  that 
the  characters  are  real.  The  Chauffeurs  were  so 
called  because  they  used  to  apply  the  feet  of  their 
victims  to  the  fire  to  make  them  disclose  where 
their  money  and  valuables  were  concealed. 

W.  D. 

[We  believe  there  is  no  reason  for  doubting  that  the 
Chauffeurs  were  real  characters,  or  that  some  of  their 
leaders  were  apprehended  and  executed  in  due  course  of 
law.  One  of  the  worst,  Jean  Buckler  alias  Schinder- 
hannes  (John  the  Burner)  was  executed  at  Mentz,  Nov. 
21,  1803.  We  would  refer  our  correspondent  to  art. 
Schinderhannes  in  the  Biog.  Universelle,  and  to  art. 
Chauffeurs  in  the  Encyc.  des  Gens  du  Monde.  The  former 
article  is  by  M.  de  Sevelinges,  who  tells  us  that  he  had 
published,  in  2  vols.  12mo.,  a  Vie  de  Schinderhannes  et 
autres  Brigands  dits  Garotteurs  ou  Chauffeurs.  With  this 
last  work  we  are  unacquainted.  Leitch  Ritchie's  Schin- 
derhannes, the  Robber  of  the  Rhine,  is  a  roffl.antic.tale 
founded  on  the  history  of  these  banditti.] 

CONRAD  CLING,  OR  KLING.  —  I  purchased  a 
book  entitled  Loci  Communes  Theologici  Reve- 
rendi  Viri  D.  Conradi  Klingii  Franciscan^  EC- 
clesia  Erfurdiensis,  printed  at  Paris,  "  apud 
Joannem  Macaeum,  in  Monte  D.  Hilarij,  sub 
scuto  BrittanisB,  M.D.LXXIII."  It  contains  650 
pages,  is  divided  into  five  books.  At  the  head 
of  the  2nd  page  there  occurs  the  following  :  — 

"  Frofessio  Catholic®  Doctrinaa  Fidei  et  Religionis,  ve- 
nerabilis  Domini  ac  Fatris  Conradi  Clingij,  Ordinis  S. 
Francisci,  Doctoris  et  Concionatoria  apud  Erfordiam  in 
Thuringia." 

It  is  bound  in  parchment  with  thongs  of  leather, 
and  in  the  binding  between  the  parchment  and 
the  backs  of  the  paper  is  what  appears  to  be  two 
pieces  of  illuminated  manuscript  written  in  Latin. 
The  characters  used  are  somewhat  similar  to  the 
following  :  Ex.  ff.  to  ftmftf  uuttrttcta.  It  is 
about  6£  inches  long  and  4f  broad.  I  jshall  be 


very  much  obliged  for  any  information  regarding 
the  above.  D.WATSON. 

[Conrad  Kling,  or  Cling,  was  a  distinguished  Fran- 
ciscan monk,  of  whom  it  is  recorded  that,  when  the  doc- 
trines of  Martin  Luther  had  made  great  progress  at 
Erfurt,  he  alone  (Kling)  resolutely  persisted  in  cele- 
brating mass  (1527,  &c.)  in  the  great  "Hospital-Kirche," 
and  in  the  presence  of  a  large  congregation.  Seckendorf 
therefore,  says  Zedler,  was  under  a  mistake  in  asserting 
{Hist.  Lutheran,  i.  §  112.)  that  Kling  was  one  of  the  first 
to  preach  the  Lutheran  doctrine  at  Erfurt.  The  follow- 
ing is  the  account  given  by  Zedler,  probably  the  title,  of 
what  appears  to  have  been  a  very  early  edition  of  the 
Loci  Communes :  "  Loci  Communes  Theologici  pro  Eccle- 
sia  Catholica,  in  quibus  sedulo  tractantur  ac  discutiuntur 
articuli  Christianas  nostrae  Religionis  nostris  temporibus 
maxime  controversi,"  Coin,  1559,  in  fol. ;  Paris,  1567. 
Zedler  adds,  however,  that  the  identical  work  appeared 
previously  (1554)  under  the  title  Catectismi  [Catechismi?~\ 
Catholici.  An  edition  of  the  Loci  Communes  (fol.,  Colon. 
1559)  appears  in  the  Bodleian  Catalogue.] 

WATSON  :  BUCKINGHAM.  —  Where  can  I  find  a 
pedigree  of  the  family  of  Watson-Wentworth, 
which  held  the  title  of  Marquis  of  Buckingham  ? 

SIGMA  THETA. 

[Consult  Burke's  Dictionary  of  the  Peerages,  1831, 
p.  558. ;  Collins's  Peerage,  by  Brydges,  ix.  398. ;  Baker's 
Northamptonshire,  i.  34. ;  and  Brydges's  Northamptonshire, 
ii.  335.] 

"  LACTEUR  AND  ENTENDEMENT." — In  the  Har- 
leian  MS.  7546,  I  find  a  dialogue  with  the  above 
title.  Is  "  Lacteur  "  the  name  of  the  author,  and 
what  is  the  date  of  it  ?  A.  Z. 

[This  is  a  MS.  on  vellum,  in  old  French,  the  initial 
letters  gilt  and  coloured.  It  is  Pierre  Michault's  Dance 
des  Aveugles,  printed  at. Paris,  by  Michael  le  Noir,  about 
1500,  in  small  4to.  The  printed  book  does  not  appear  to 
have  been  copied  from  this  MS.,  as  there  are  considerable 
variations.] 


MATHEMATICAL  BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
(Comment  on  2nd  S.  ix.  339.) 

A  few  remarks  in  addition  to  what  MB.  COCKLE 
has  said. 

1.  The  reference  made  by  Barocius  to  "  Gem.'\ 
In  my  copy  of  Proclus  by  Barocius  in  1560,  there 
is  no  such  marginal  reference  in  p.  262.  But  in 
p.  264.  there  is  a  marginal  reference,  in  which 
Geminus  is  given  at  length  :  "  vid.  et  Geminum 
in  6.  lib.  Geometricarum  enarrationum."  I  take 
the  last  word  as  a  printer's  mistake  for  effectionum, 
if  Heilbronner  be  right.  Petavius  is  the  authority 
for  manuscripts  of  Barocius  being  brought  to 
England.  If  there  be,  as  both  Petavius  and  Heil- 
bronner seem  to  state,  a  printed  catalogue  of  these 
manuscripts,  it  would  be  desirable  to  revive  the 
knowledge  of  it.  But  Petavius  does  not  mention 
the  title  of  this  unprinted  work  of  Geminus : 
all  he  says  (Uranologion,  Preface  to  Geminus, 
1630)  is  that  there  is  a  "Catalogus  librorum 


450 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  JUNE  9.  '60. 


qui  ex  Barociana  Bibliothoca  nuper  in  Angliam 
avecti  sunt,  quos  inter  Gemini  liber  extat  nondum 
editus."  It  may  be  that  this  manuscript  yet 
exists  in  some  English  library.  It  is  strange  that 
the  minute  and  laborious  Petavius,  writing  as  an 
editor  of  Geminus,  should  have  omitted  the  title 
of  the  work,  if  it  had  been  given.  It  is  also 
strange  that  Heilbronner  should  have  preserved  a 
title  from  some  other  source,  in  the  contrary  case. 
But  one  of  these  things  must  have  happened. 

2.  Montucla's  motto.     Many  have  attributed 
this  motto  to  Bacon,  because  they  find  it  in  Bacon. 
But  in  truth  Bacon   took   it  from  the  prophet 
Daniel ;  and  it  has  recently  been  used,  by  help  of 
railroads,  schools,  &c.,  to  prove  that  the  end  of  the 
world  is  at  hand.     It  is  Daniel  xii.  4.  Multi  per- 
trnnsibunt,  et  avgebitur  Scientia. 

3.  The  Weidlers.      Both  names  appear  on  the 
title-page,  Joh.  Fred.,  and  Geo.  Immanuel :  the 
former  the  historian  of  astronomy,  the  latter  de- 
scribed  as  ss.  theoL  cult.     It  appears  to  be  the 
thesis  of  a  university  disputation  at  Wittemberg 
in  1727. 

4.  The  mathematical  bibliographers,  Rogg  and 
Sohnke.     Hogg's  work  is  an  unsafe  guide,  except 
as  a  source  of  suggestion  to  a  person  who  knows 
the  subject,  and  is  well  up  to  the  sort  of  errors 
which  occur  in  catalogues.     The  alphabetical  in- 
dex at  the  end  is  a  convenience,  and  to  some  ex- 
tent a  preservative.     The  work  of  Sohnke,  which 
is   entirely  On  recent  books,  is  full  of  well  given 
titles,  but  the  references  must  be  looked  at  with 
caution.     For  example,  the  History  of  Physical 
Astronomy,  by  Robert  Grant,  now  Professor  at 
Glasgow,  is  stated  to  be  written  by  A.  Robert 
Grant,  who  wrote  on  plane  astronomy  some  years 
before.     Now  the  title-page  of  the  history  shows 
that  it  was  written  by  a  R.  G.,  but  not  by  A. 
R.  G.     But  this  is  not  all.     Andrew  Grant  is  the 
name,  real  or  assumed, -of  the  person  who  com- 
municated to  the  American  newspapers  the  an- 
nouncement that  Sir  J.  Herschel  had  discovered 
winged  animals  and  other  curiosities  in  the  moon. 
Accordingly,    Sohnke    makes    a  reference   from 
"Grant"  to  Herschel's  discoveries  in  the  moon. 
He  clearly  supposes  that  A.R.  Grant,  to  whom 
he  attributes  the  history,  is  Andrew  Grant,  who 
invented  the  hoax,  compared  to  whom  my  friend 
Professor  Grant  is  a  mere  compiler,  as  he  would 
cheerfully  acknowledge.  A.  DE  MORGAN. 


HERALDIC  ENGRAVING. 
(2nd   S.   ix.  110.  203.  333.) 

I  have  lately  come  across  a  German  book  (Ab- 
riss  der  Heraldik,  by  Johann  Christoph  Gatterer, 
Professor  of  History  at  Gottingen.  Gb'ttingen  and 
Gotha,  1773,  8vo.  pp.  115.)  containing  some  in- 
formation on  this  subject  new  to  me,  and  .possi- 


bly to  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  I  have  no  leisure 
at  present  for  verifying  the  references,  but  send 
you  a  translation  of  the  passage  which  occurs  at 
p.  17. 

A  Frenchman,  Mark  Vulson  de  la  Colombiere, 
appropriates  to  himself  the  honour  of  this  inven- 
tion in  a  magniloquent  strain  in  a  work  published 
in  1639,  and  the  late  Professor  Kohler  (in  his 
Programmade  Auctoribus Incisurarum) has  allowed 
himself  to  be  taken  in,  or  rather  misled,  by  him  in 
favour  of  his  claims.  Others  make  Silvester 
Petra  Santa,  the  Jesuit,  the  inventor.  He  did 
unquestionably  make  use  of  the  hatchings  as  an 
indication  of  the  tinctures  before  dela  Colombiere, 
viz.  in  his  Tessera  Gentilitia  which  appeared  in 
1638 ;  but  Colombiere  maintains  that  he  had 
shown  his  invention  to  Petra  Santa,  so  that  the 
honour  of  it  still  belonged  to  himself. 

Menestrier,  again,  is  unwilling  to  recognise 
either  the  one  or  the  other  as  the  inventor,  but 
considers  rather  it  is  uncertain  who  first  in- 
troduced the  hatchings,  he  himself  having  ob- 
served them  to  have  been  used  prior  to  the  year 
1638.  On  this  passage  Kohler,  with  propriety, 
objects  to  Menestrier,  that  he  has  not  named  the 
particular  books  in  which  he  observed  the  use  of 
hatchings  before  Petra  Santa's  time.  But  still  I 
think  that  Meneslrier  must  have  been  acquainted 
with  such  books.  At  all  events  I  am  so  myself.  I 
will  mention  the  oldest  of  them.  It  is  James 
Frankquart's  Pompa  Funebris  Alberti  Pii  Aus- 
triaci  (Brussels,  1623,  fol.).  In  this  magnificent 
work  is  to  be  found  on  the  47th  plate  a  square 
table,  wherein  the  hatchings  are  indicated  exactly 
as  I  have  copied  them  in  fig.  16.  [Gatterer  refers 
to  a  plate  at  the  end  of  his  book  where  "  Franc- 
quart's  hatchings,  1623,"  are  thus  given  ..... 

Or  is  indicated  by  horizontal  lines. 

Argent-         „  plain  white. 

Gules  „  vertical  lines. 

Azure          „          a  dotted  field. 

Sable  „  diagonal  lines  from  opposite 

corners  of  the  shield  in- 
tersecting each  other. 

Vert  „  diagonal  lines  from  sinister 

chief  to  dexter  base. 

Purpure"  omitted.] 

The  author,  at  p.  23.  of  the  text,  gives  the  fol- 
lowing explanation  of  his  table  :  — 

"  Ut  insignia  Provinciarum  in  signis  et  equis,  suis  colo- 
ribus  depingi  possint,  observandum  quadruin,  juxta  Cur- 
rum  (exequiarum)  positum.  Excipe  tamen,  quorum  hie  fit 
mentio.  Vexilla  enim  quae  Cornet te de couleurs,  le  Guidon 
et  Estandart  de  Couleurs  vocantur,  has  notas  non  habent, 
ut  majore  cum  decore  colorari  possint.  Quare  pingetur 
pars  superior,  rubro,  media,  albo,  etc." 

On  comparison  of  Frankquart's  hatchings  with 
those  of  Colombiere,  id  est,  with  those  in  use  at 
the  present  day  [fig.  16.],  it  will  appear  that  they 
are  not  identical  with  them.  This  much,  how- 


2nd  S.  IX.  JUNE  9.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


451 


ever,  becomes  clear,  that  Colombiere  was  not  the 
absolute  inventor  of  the  hatchings,  although  he 
has  had  the  good  fortune  that  his  hatchings  have 
been  and  still  are  universally  adopted  :  and  this 
notwithstanding  an  attempt  of  Gelenius  in  1645 
to  introduce  another  description  of  hatching. 

So  then,  since  Frankquart  first  of  all  authors 
with  whom  I  am  acquainted  published  the  hatch- 
ings at  Brussels  at  a  German  court,  I  shall  consi- 
der him  the  inventor  of  the  hatchings,  and  the 
invention  itself  a  German  invention,  until  such 
time  as  I  am  informed  »of  the  existence  of  a  still 
earlier  author.  C.  S.  P. 

United  University  Club. 


THE  DEBATE  ON  IMPOSITIONS,  1609-10. 

(2nd  S.  ix.  382.) 

When  this  debate  took  place,  James  White- 
locke,  "the  father  of  the  better-known  Bulstrode," 
was  member  for  Woodstock.  In  his  Liber  Fame-' 
licus,  edited  by  Mr.  Bruce,  Whitelocke  himself 
briefly  indicates  the  patriotic  share  he  had  in  op- 
posing the  king's  prerogative.  The  statute  law 
subjected  currants  to  an  import  duty  of  half-a- 
crown  per  hundredweight.  The  king  arbitrarily 
added  an  "  imposition  "  of  five  shillings  to  the  old 
duty.  The  appeal  of  Bates,  a  Levant  merchant, 
was  overruled  by  the  Exchequer,  which  court 
declared  that  "  the  seaports  are  the  king's  gates, 
and  he  may  open  and  shut  them  to  whom  he 
pleases."  This  imposition  by  the  king  of  duty  on 
a  merchant's  goods  without  consent  of  Parliament 
was  presented  in  the  session  of  February,  1609-10, 
as  a  grievance.  The  prerogative  partisans  cited 
the  judgment  of  the  Exchequer  as  deciding  the 
question.  "But  this  did  not  satisfy  me"  says 
James  Whitelocke.  "I  only"  (that  is,  he  alone) 
"opposed  myself  at  the  first  to  the  reciting  of  it," 
(the  Exchequer  judgment,)  "  and  so  toke  hold  a 
little.  It  was  put  off  untill  another  time,  and 
then  I  toke  better  hold  ;  and  at  the  last  it  came  to 
a  dispute  in  the  house  manye  dayes,  whether  it 
should  be  presented  in  poynt  of  right  as  a  gree- 
vance,  and  it  was  concluded  "  (in  the  affirmative) 
"  upon  full  satisfaction  by  ancient  records  out  of 
the  Tower  and  Eschequer,  and  by  many  sta- 
tutes." The  king  sent  his  inhibition  to  restrain 
the  House  from  disputing  his  right  to  impose 
duties  without  parliamentary  consent,  and  the 
House  answered  with  a  "  remonstrance."  White- 
locke refers  to  his  private  papers  for  what  he  said 
and  did  on  this  occasion.  In  Mr.  Bruce's  edition 
of  the  Liber  Famelicus^  that  gentleman  has  in- 
cluded, by  way  of  Appendix,  a  copy  of  the  entry 
in  the  register  of  the  Privy  Council  relative  to  the 
causes  of  Whitelocke' s  arrest  in  1613.  Among  them 
is  prominently  put  forward,  that  "  hee  presumed 
in  u  verie  strange  and  unfitt  manner  to  make  an 
excursion  into  a  general  censure  and  defyninge 


of  his  Majestie's  power  and  prerogative,"  for  "clip- 
ping and  impeaching  "  of  which  the  patriotic  law- 
yer is  pronounced  worthy  of  "  great  and  severe 
punishment."  The  book  so  carefully  edited  by 
Mr.  Bruce  justifies  MR.  S.  R.  GARDINER  in  his 
praiseworthy  attempt  to  render  due  honour  to  the 
elder  Whitelocke,  who,  it  should  farther  be  re- 
membered, when  a  judge  on  the  bench,  stood 
alone  among  his  judicial  brethren  in  denouncing 
the  powers  of  king  and  council  to  commit  a  per- 
son to  prison,  on  a  general  warrant,  in  which  the 
cause  of  commitment  was  not  named.  Lord  Camp- 
bell also  makes  a  note  of  the  fact  that  James 
Whitelocke  imbued  his  son  Bulstrode  "  with  the 
principles  of  constitutional  freedom,  then  little  re- 
garded among  lawyers.'*  JOHN  DORAN. 


EDGAR  FAMILY. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  334.  373.  415.) 

In  the  last  number  of  "  N.  &  Q."  I  observed  a 
Query  by  J.  H.  which  led  me  to  refer  to  the  former 
numbers  alluded  to  ;  and  in  2nd  S.  ix.  334.,  I  find 
a  statement  made  by  J.  F.  N.  H.  which,  being 
very  materially  incorrect,  it  may  be  of  use  to  him 
(and  to  C.  W.,  who  has  however  not  fallen -into 
such  errors),  to  set  the  question  in  a  measure  right. 

J.  F.  N.  H.  says  that  "  the  representation  of 
Wedderly  devolved  on  the  Edgars  of  Auchin- 
grammont." 

There  is  no  proof  of  this :  Alex.  Edgar,  of  Au- 
chingrammont,  having  come  from  Nether  houses, 
and  having  only  acquired  the  estate  of  Auchin- 
grammont  late  in  life,  by  purchase,  I  believe. 

Again:  "  James  Handy  side  Edgar,  of  Auchin- 
grammont."  This  was  not  the  name  of  the  last 
male  Edgar  of  Auchingrammont.  Alexander 
Edgar  of  Auchingrammont  had  three  sons  and 
some  daughters,  whose  descendants  still  exist. 
The  son's  names  were :  1 .  "  James  "  (of  Auchin- 
grammont) ;  2.  "  Alexander,"  of  Wedderly  Plan- 
tation ;  3.  (Dr.)  " Handyside"  Two  daughters, 
"  Priscilla"  and  Susan.  All  these,  except  the  firsfc 
and  the  third,  have  representatives  now  living, 
and  numerous. 

Again  :  "  At  her  decease"  (Miss  M.  Edgar's) 
the  representation  of  the  family  devolved  on 
"  Captain  Henry  Edgar"  and  his  brothers  and 
sisters  :  "  the  only  survivors  of  which  (family)  are 
'  Henry,  as  aforesaid ;  Major  James  Edgar,  69th 
Regt. ;  and  Louisa,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Sam.  Jack- 
son." The  errors  here  are  as  follows  :  — 

Henry,  James,  and  Louisa  are  not  the  sole  sur- 
vivors of  their  family,  their  father  Alexander  Ed- 
gar having  had  no  fewer  than  eleven  children  by 
his  wife  Ann  Gordon,  in  the  following  order  : 

1.  Margaret,  born  1798 ;  married  Col.  H. 
McGregor;  issue,  a  son  in  the  31st  Regt.,  and  a 
daughter  married.  She  herself  being  still  alive. 


452 


NOTES  AND  QUEBIES. 


s.  IX.  JUNE  9.  '60. 


2.  Anne,  b.  1800;  m.  J.  White.     She  is  still 
alive,  and  her  daughter,  Mrs.  Henderson,  has  a 
numerous  family. 

3.  Mary,  b.  1802  (deceased)  ;  m.  J.  H.  Aucher, 
and  left  a  son  and  daughter,  both  married,  and 
with  children  —  the  former   being    in   the   60th 
Rifles. 

4.  Elizabeth,  b.  1803  (deceased);    m.  George 
Archer,  64th  Regt. ;  and  had  a  son  (living),  now 
in  the  78th  Highlanders. 

5.  Susan,  b.  1805;  d.  1859;  unmarried. 

6.  Alexander,  d.  s.  p.,  in  63rd  Regt. ;  b.  1807. 

7.  Louisa,  b.  1809  ;    m.  Rev.   Sam.   Jackson. 
Has  issue  a  son,  and  a  daughter  married  to  an 
officer — Mr.  Hewett. 

8.  Jemima,  b.  1813  ;  ob.  inf. 

9.  Henry  (as  above),  b.  1815  ;  unmarried. 

10.  Jas.  Handaside  (as  above),   b.  1816;  un- 
married. 

11.  Catherine,  b.  1819;  ob.  inf. 

I  procured  these  particulars  from  official  sources, 
and  am  therefore  enabled  to  guarantee  their  per- 
fect accuracy ;  and  although  somewhat  lengthy, 
you  will  perhaps  agree  with  me  that  their  inser- 
tion is  of  material  consequence,  where  the  occa- 
sion is  that  of  genealogical  error.  The  baptisms 
of  the  children  of  Alex.  Edgar  and  Ann  Gordon 
are  recorded  in  the  parochial  registers  of  Jamaica 
and  of  Edinburgh. 

It  thus  appears  that,  on  the  failure  of  a  male 
line,  the  succession  of  nearest  of  kin  to  the  last 
Edgar  of  Auchingrammont  would  be  : 

1.  The  son  of  Margaret  Edgar,  eldest  daughter. 

2.  The  son  of  Mary  Edgar,  third  daughter. 

3.  The  son  of  Elizabeth  Edgar,  fourth  daughter. 

4.  The  son  of  Louisa,  sixth  daughter.     Last, 
not  first. 

Then  would  follow  the  daughters  of  these 
daughters,  viz. : 

Anne,  daughter  of  Margaret. 

Anne,  daughter  of  Anne. 

Mary,  daughter  of  Mary. 

Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Louisa.  Last,  not  first 
in  the  order  of  succession.  SPALATBO. 

P.  S. — C.  W.  is  correct  in  his  statements  re- 
garding the  Edgar  family  with  one  exception, 
which  I  shall  be  glad  to  point  out  to  him  if  he 
wishes.  On  the  death  of  Admiral  Edgar,  Thomas 
Edgar  of  Glasgow  was  noted  in  the  heralds'  books 
as  next  of  kin.  H.  P.  is  entirely  wrong  about 
Admiral  Tait. 

I  regret  that  I  cannot  give  a  decided  answer  to 
J.  H.'s  question.  I  am  not  aware  of  any  relation- 
ship whatever  between  the  persons  to  whom  re- 
ference is  made.  However,  as  the  claim  of 
representation  sought  to  be  established  must  be 
decided  by  dates  and  facts,  not  by  anyone's 
"  supposition,"  perhaps  J.  H.  will  have  the  good- 
ness to  state  (or,  at  least,  give  some  idea),  when 


and  now  the  Edgars  of  Auchingrammont,  in  La- 
narkshire, sprang  from  the  Wedderlie  family,  in 
Berwickshire  ?  C.  W. 


DAVID  WILKINS  (2nd  S.  ix.  420.)— Whether  He 
was  "  a  very  great  scoundrel,"  is  more  than  I  can 
tell ;  but  I  am  inclined  to  believe  that  he  never 
was  "  a  Lambeth  Doctor."  With  reference  to 
the  Earl's  suggestion  respecting  the  Universities, 
I  may  add  my  belief  that  during  the  thirty  years 
between  1715  (the  date  tof  Abp.  Wake's  acces- 
sion) and  1745  (the  death  of  his  "scoundrel"  chap- 
lain), there  were  twenty-one  diplomas  granted ; 
and  that  all  of  these  were  received  by  men  who 
had  taken  the  degree  of  M.A.  or  B.D.  in  one  of 
our  Universities.  I  say  that  I  believe  this  to  be 
true,  though  there  may  be  one  or  two  cases  in 
which  it  only  appears  that  the  recipient  was  a 
member  (and  perhaps  not  a  graduate),  and  there 
are  two  of  whom  I  know  nothing  but  their  names. 
That  circumstance,  however,  I  take  to  be  prima 
facie  evidence  that  they  were  University  men.  I 
shall  be  very  much  obliged  to  anyone  who  will 
favour  me  with  information  respecting  the  early 
history  of  this  unfortunate  Archdeacon. 

S.  R.  MAITLAND. 

Gloucester. 

ALLUSION  IN  THE  "ROLLIAD"  (2nd  S.  ix.  342.) 
— In  the  Westminster  Magazine  of  February,  1 773, 
vol.  i.  p.  157.,  is  an  article  headed  "Patriotic  Mis- 
fortunes, or  Sir  Joseph  Mawbey  in  the  Suds."  Sir 
Joseph  Mawbey  and  Richard  Wyatt,  Esq.,  having 
had  a  dispute,  met  at  the  Ordnance  Arms  to  ex- 
plain and  be  friends.  Sir  Joseph  published  an 
account  of  the  interview. .  After  some  preliminary 
incivilities  it  states  :  — 

"He  then  said,  'you  are  a  dirty  fellow.'  I  replied, 
'  you  are  a  dirty  fellow.'  He  then  made  a  motion  with 
his  lips  as  if  in  the  act  of  spitting.  I  returned  it  in- 
stantl}',  on  which  he  struck  at  me  with  his  fist.  Not- 
withstanding a  very  long  indisposition,  from  which  I  am 
not  yet  perfectly  recovered,  I  gave  him  two  or  three 
blows  with  effect,  when  unfortunately  my  foot  slipped  on 
the  carpet  and  I  fell  down.  I  rose,  I  believe,  on  one 
knee :  he  beat  me  down  again,  and  continued  striking  me 
as  I  lay  on  the  floor." 

The  waiter  came  in,  and  some  mutual  friends 
followed  and  separated  the  combatants.  Sir 
Joseph  says  that  he  offered  to  fight  Mr.  Wyatt 
with  pistols.  He  finishes  his  letter  with  — 

"  Whilst  I  lay  on  the  floor,  Mr.  Wyatt's  nose  had  bled 
over  me  ver}r  plentiful ;  my  clothes  were  stained  much 
with  it.  I  lost  not  a  drop  of  blood.  Mr.  Wyatt's  face 
was  much  marked." 

A  wood-cut  of  the  rudest  order  represents  a  fat 
man  on  the  floor,  a  thin  one  standing  over  him, 
and  a  small  waiter  lifting  up  his  hands  in  fright 
and  wonder. 

The  Westminster  Magazine  has  become  scarce. 
It  defended  the  court,  but  attacked  the  opposition 


S.  IX.  JUNE  9.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


453 


with  less  scurrility  than  was  usual  at  that  time. 
Its  exposure  of  Sir  Joseph  Mawbey  shows  that  he 
was  then  with  the  Whigs.  He  must  have  gone 
over  before  the  Coalition,  or  he  would  not  have 
been  made  so  prominent  in  The  Rolliad. 

I  remembered  the  picture,  but  not  where  it 
was.  After  turning  over  a  great  number  of  ma- 
gazines I  found  it.  Is  anyone  able  and  willing  to 
give  a  new  edition  of  The  Rolliad  with  explana- 
tory notes  ?  Some  of  the  finest  wit  ever  written 
is  likely  to  become  unintelligible,  but  much  may 
yet  be  saved.  I  think  the  Editor  might  expect 
help  from  the  correspondents  of  "  1ST.  &  Q."  I 
shall  be  happy  to  tell  him  what  I  know,  and  to 
hunt  for  what  there  is  a  hope  of  finding.  Out  of 
the  twenty-seven  "  Translations  of  Lord  Bel- 
grave's  Quotation  "  I  understand  only  seventeen. 

FlTZHOPKINS. 

Garrick  Club. 

[Thanks  to  the  contributions  of  MR.  MARKIJV.ND,  SIR 
WALTER  TKEVELYAN,  the  late  MR.  CROKER,  LORD 
BRAYBROOKE,  MR.  DAAVSON  TURNER,  and  other  friends 
in  the  2nd  and  3rd  volumes  of  our  First  Series,  the  au- 
thorship of  the  several  articles  in  The  Rolliad,  &c.  has 
been  sufficiently  identified.  But  it  is  very  different  with 
regard  to  the  allusions  in  these  admirable  pieces  of  wit 
and  humour.  We  hope  our  correspondent  FITZHOPKINS 
will  tell  us  all  he  knows,  and  that  others  of  our  readers 
will  follow  his  example;  and  then,  if  no  better  Editor 
presents  himself,  WE  should  feel  disposed,  if  leisure  per- 
mitted, to  undertake  the  task  of  bringing  together  the 
materials  thus  collected,  in  a  new  edition  of  TJIE  KOL- 
LIAD,  &c.— ED.  "  N.  &  Q."] 

UR  CHASDIM  (2nd  S.  ix.  361.)— The  Septuagint 
and  Joseplms  concur  in  describing  the  Ur  Chas- 
dim  *  as  in  Chaldaea  (Anliq.  i.  vii.  1.),  but  the  word 
")-1K,  Ur,  translated  by  the  LXX.  x®Pai  country 
(Luke  xv.  13.),  is,  without  doubt,  a  proper  name, 
a  vestige  of  which  perhaps  remains  in  the  castle  of 
Ur,  described  by  Ammianus  Marcellinus  (xxv.  8.), 
by  Cellarius  in  Orbe  Antiquo,  and  by  Bochart 
(Phaleg.  ii.  6.)  More  on  this  site  may  be  found 
in  Schlozer's  Chald&ans  (Eichhorn's  Rep.  viii. 
135.)  In  D'Anville's  ISEuphrate  et  le  Tigre,  Ur 
is  found  in  long.  60°  12',  lat.  36°  4'.f  Whatever 
may  have  been  the  etymology  of  Dura  (5O1T),  it 
is  the  name  of  a  city  in  the  Old  Testament,  and 
in  D'Anville  is  on  the  Tigris  in  lat.  34|°,  near  to 
Tekrit.  (See  Ammianus  Marcellinus,  xxv.  6.)  In 
these  geographical  views  Michaelis  concurs.  The 
Koran  has  propagated  many  traditions,  in  a  blun- 
dering way,  as  to  Jews  and  Christians,  Mahomet 
having  employed  as  his  secretary  a  renegade  Jew- 
Christian,  who  was  evidently  a  very  ignorant  man, 
and  in  this  respect  not  unlike  his  master.  Histo- 
rically it  is  a  fallacy  to  regard  the  traditions  in  the 
Koran  respecting  the  Jews  as  independent  of  Jewish 

*  XoA&uoi,  Chatdcei,  is  a  Greek  corruption  of  Chasdim, 
in  which  they  followed  the  Arabians  and  Syrians.  The 
Kurds  are  the  present  representatives  of  the  Syrian 
Chaldei. 

t  In  our  maps  Orfa  or  Edessa,  long.  38°  51',  lat.  37°  9'. 


traditions,  for  they  were  borrowed,  in  a  confused 
manner,  from  the  latter.  It  may  be  inferred  that 
in  the  works  consulted  by  Jos.epb.us  in  respect  to 
Abraham,  as  Berosus,  Hecatfeus,  and  Nicholaus 
of  Damascus,  no  such  tradition  as  the  burning 
fiery  furnace,  and  the  contention  with  Nimrod 
(who  died  three  centuries  before  Abraham  left 
Chaldsea)  was  then  extant,  or  one  of  them  would, 
we  may  assume,  certainly  have  recorded  it.  (See 
Michaelis,  Spicilegium,  ii.  77.)  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 
Lichfield. 

ALLEGED  INTERPOLATIONS  IN  THE  "  TE  DETJM  " 
(2nd  S.  ix.  407.)  — In  the  course  of  the  discussions 
on  this  subject  which  have  appeared  in  "  N.  &  Q.," 
reference  has  been  made  to  an  imitation  of  the 
"  Te  Deum,"  in  the  shape  of  a  hymn  to  the 
Blessed  Virgin  — "  We  praise  thee,  Mother  of 
God  ;  we  acknowledge  thee  to  be  Virgin  Mary  " 
(Te  Matrem  Dei  laudamus,  te  Mariam  Virginem 
confitemur).  This  imitation  has  been  generally 
attributed  to  St.  Bonaventure,  and  appears  as  part 
of  the  "  Psalter  of  the  Blessed  Virgin,"  also  sup- 
posed to  be  his.  I  observe,  however,  that  your 
correspondent  F.  C.  H.  says  in  unqualified  terms, 
"  this  '  parody'  on  the  Te  Deum  \sfalsely  ascribed 
to  St.  Bonaventure."  Will  F.  C.  H.  be  so  oblig- 
ing as  to  state  his  grounds  for  this  assertion  ?  I 
am  aware  that  Alban  Butler  says  in  a  note  "  The 
psalter  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  is  falsely  ascribed  to 
St.  Bonaventure,  and  unworthy  to  bear  his  name." 
Butler  adds  "  See  Fabricius  in  Biblioth.  med. 
selat.  Bellarmin  and  Labbe  'de  Script.  Eccl.  Nat. 
Alexander,  Hist.  Eccl.  Saec.  13 :"  but  on  an  exa- 
mination of  these  authorities,  nothing  is  found,  to 
bear  out  Butler's  assertion.  See  the  evidence 
examined  at  length  in  King's  Psalter  of  the  B.  V. 
Mary  illustrated,  Dublin,  1840,  p.  48,  &c. 

VEDETTE. 

An  "  Improved  "  recension  of  the  Prayer  Book, 
published  for  the  Unitarians  in  1820,  contains  an 
expurgated  version  of  the  Te  Deum,  from  which 
the  clauses  invoking  the  Holy  Trinity  are  left 
out,  or  so  modified  as  to  be  neutralised.  Are  there 
any  other  examples  of  this  kind  of  dealing  with 
that  ancient  hymn  ?  B.  H.  C. 

ClMEX     LECTULARIUS    (2nd    S.    IX.    369.,  &C.)  — 

"  Cimex.  Plin.  Vermis  odore  tetro.  icSpts.  Al. 
Wantzen.  B.  Want  oft  Walluys,  Weegluys,  quod 
in  spondis  lectorum  inveniatur.  G.  Punaise.  It. 
Cimice.  H.  Chisme.  Ang.  a  Wallyse." 

The  above  is  from  Nomenclator,  Omnium  Rerum 
Propria  Nomina,  septem  diversis  Linguis  Ex- 
plicata.  Auctore  Hadriano  Junio  Medico,  8vo. 
Francofurti,  1620,  p.  72.,  and  disproves,  what 
otherwise  seems  absurd  enough,  the  traditional 
introduction  of  these  insects  into  Europe  from 
America  in  1667.  The  languages  are  German, 
Dutch,  French,  Italian,  Spanish,  and  English. 

J.  R. 


454 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  JUNE  9.  'GO. 


THE  JUDGES'  BLACK  CAP  (2nd  S.  xi.  132.)  — 
This  question  still  appears  involved  in  obscurity. 
There  is  one  opinion,  and  that  of  considerable 
•weight,  which  has  escaped  the  researches  of  your 
correspondents.  In  The  Annotated  Edition  of  the 
English  Poets  by  Robert  Bell,  and  in  the  reprint 
of  Chaucer's  Canterbury  Tales,  vol.  iii.  p.  102.,  are 
the  following  lines  :  — 
"The  sonday  next  the  marchauned  was  agoon, 

To  Seint  Denys  i-come  is  daun  Job  an, 

With  croune  *  and  herd  al  freisch  and  newe  i-schave." 

The  word  "  croune  "  is  noted  with  the  letter  "  i " 
as  a  guide  to  the  foot-note,  which  is  as  follows :  — 

"  It  is  perhaps  unnecessary  to  remind  the  reader  that 
all  clerks  used  to  shave  the  crown  of  the  head,  a  remnant 
of  which  custom  may  be  observed  in  the  form  of  the  wigs 
of  our  judges,  who," in  the  middle  ages,  were  generally 
clerks.  This  tonsure  on  the  crown  of  his  wig,  the  judge, 
in  passing  sentence  of  death,  covers  with  a  black  cap,  not 
to  give  additional  solemnity  to  the  occasion,  as  some  sup- 
pose, but  to  show  that  for  the  time  he  lays  aside  his 
clerical  office,  it  being  against  the  primitive  canons  for  a 
churchman  to  have  anything  to  do  with  the  death  of  a 
fellow-creature." 

It  is  a  matter  of  much  regret  that  the  writer  of 
this  note  has  given  no  clue  to  his  authority  for 
the  above  statement.  And  that  regret  is  increased 
by  the  fact  that  the  name  of  the  contributor  of 
this  valuable  collection  of  notes  appended  to  the 
most  popular  of  Chaucer's  works  should  also  be 
withheld  from  the  public.  The  preface  indeed 
leads  to  the  inference  that  the  author  is  the  Rev. 
J.  M.  Jephson,  an  able  and  discriminating  anti- 
quary and  old  English  scholar.  _H.  D'AVENEY. 

HEREDITARY  ALIAS  (2lld  S.  ix.  344.  413.)  — 
Many  such  exist  in  the  Highlands,  being  gene- 
rally Gaelic  names  and  their  translation.  M'Ta- 
vish=Thomson,  M'Calmon=Dove,  Gow=Smith, 
Gorm=Blue.  Some  however,  as  Dewan^Bucha- 
nan,  do  not  seem  to  come  under  this  rule. 

J.  P.  O. 

In  Kuerden's  MSS.  Chetham  Library,  Man- 
chester, occur  extracts  of  two  deeds  showing  an 
alias  used  by  the  family  of  Kuerden  :  — 

"  1535.  Ricardus  Jacson,  alias  dictus  Ricardus  Keuer- 
den  de  Keuerden." 

And  again  — 

"  1537.  Indenture  of  marriage.  Richard  Jackson,  alias 
Kuerden  and  John  Jackson  of  Walton,  his  brother,  agree 
tbat  Gilbert,  son  and  heir  of  John,  shall  marry  Grace, 
daughter  of  Richard  Enes  of  Fishwick." 

E.  T.  L. 

PEERS  SERVING  AS  MAYORS  (2"d  S.  ix.  162.292. 
355.)  —  I  find  the  following  entries  in  the  List  of 
Mayors  of  the  Town  and  County  of  Haverford- 
west :  — 

1787.  The  Right  Hon.  Lord  Milford. 

1805.  „         „          Lord  Kensington. 

1809.          „        „         Lord  Kensington. 

DAVID  GAM. 


HYDROPHOBIA  AND  SMOTHERING  (lft  S.  v.  10.; 
vi.  110.  206.  298.  437.)  —  In  the  Dublin  Chronicle, 
28th  October,  1788,  the  following  circumstance 
is  recorded :  — 

"Thursday  morning  an  accident  happened  at  the 
Blackrock  [near  Dublin],  which  has  been  attended  with 
most  melancholy  consequences :  —  A  fine  boy,  about  four- 
teen 3?ears  old,  passing  by  a  gentleman's  house,  the  lady's 
lapdog  ran  out  and  bit  him ;  in  about  two  hours  the 
youth  was  seized  with  convulsive  fits,  and  shortly  after 
with  the  hydrophobia;  and  notwithstanding  every  assist- 
ance that  night,  his  friends  were  on  Friday  obliged  to 
smother  him  between  two  beds." 

A  correspondent  observes  in  the  next  number 
of  The  Chronicle,  that 

"  The  improbability  of  such  a  murder  being  committed 
within  three  miles  of  the  metropolis,  and  near  so  many 
polished  and  well-informed  people  as  reside  at  the  Black- 
rock,  is  much  greater  than  if  it  had  been  asserted  to  be  in 
a  very  remote  part  of  the  country,  far  distant  from  any  of 
the  faculty  of  medicine." 

I  have  carefully  examined  the  newspaper  in 
question,  but  without  finding  any  confirmation  or 
contradiction  of  the  report.  Can  you  refer  me  to 
any  instance  on  record  (besides  what  has  been 
stated  already  in  "  N.  &  Q.")  of  the  perpetration 
of  such  barbarity  elsewhere  ?  ABHBA. 

ORIGIN  OF  "COCKNEY"  (2nd  S.  ix.  234.)— After 
all  that  has  been  advanced  upon  this  subject,  it 
seems  as  if  we  were  in  reality  only  going  round  in 
a  circle,  and  are  as  far  as  ever  from  a  solution  of 
the  difficulty.  Old  speculations  are  revived,  and 
sometimes  with  an  apparent  ignorance  that  they 
have  ever  been  adduced  before ;  while  in  other 
cases  the  desire  of  producing  something  new,  leads 
to  a  very  perfunctory  dismissal  of  the  suggestions 
of  philologers  who  have  long  held  a  distinguished 
position  in  the  world  of  letters.  It  is  not  my  in- 
tention to  thrust  upon  your  notice  any  idea  of  my 
own  ;  but  I  wish  to  be  allowed  to  hint  to  MR. 
WILLIAMS  that  he  has  not  yet  exhausted  the  in- 
quiry, nor  is  he  correct  in  his  reply  to  MR. 
SKETCHLEY.  Coles  is  no  doubt  a  respectable 
authority,  but  seems  to  have  nothing  to  say  on 
the  subject  of  coqueliner.  Now  it  will  be  ad- 
mitted that  Dr.  Samuel  Pegge  was  an  accurate 
and  painstaking  antiquary  ;  and  if  MR.  WILLIAMS 
will  take  the  trouble  to  turn  to  his  Anecdotes  of 
the  English  Language,  8vo.  1814  (p.  32.),  he  will 
find  this  passage  :  — 

"  The  French  have  an  old  appropriated  verb  (not  to  be 
met  with  in  the  modern  Dictionaries,  but  you  will  find  it 
in  Cotgrave),  viz.  '  Coqueliner  un  enfant,'  to  fondle  and 
pamper  a  child,"  &c. 

I  have  not  Cotgrave  at  hand  to  refer  to  ;  but  I 
have  faith  in  Pegge's  quotation.  Moreover,  in 
Boniface's  Fr.-Eng.  Diet.,  as  common  a  one  as 
any,  the  same  interpretation  is  given.  R.  S.  Q. 

ATTER  OR  ALLI  (2n*  S.  ix.  344.)—  All  in  Gaelic 
is  a  rock  or  cliff.  J.  P.  O. 


2  °a  s.  IX.  JUNE  9.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEMES. 


455 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

Historical  Memoir  of  the*  O'Briens,  with  Notes,  Ap- 
pendix, and  a  Genealogical  Table  of  their  several  Branches. 
Compiled  from  the  Irish  Annalists.  By  John  O'Donoghue. 
(Hodges  &  Smith.) 

The  present  work  originated  in  the  belief  of  Mr. 
O'Donoghue  that  "a  connected  history  of  one  of  the 
leading  families  of  the  Celtic  stock  and  its  fortunes,  would 
better  illustrate  the  social  condition  of  the  country,  and 
throw  a  clearer  light  on  the  weak  and  fitful  authority 
pretended  to  be  held  by  the  Norman  colonists  of  Ireland 
over  its  people  down  to  the  commencement  of  the  seven- 
teenth century,  than  could  be  obtained  from  the  dis- 
jointed and  unconnected  pieces  of  history  published  by 
the  Archaeological  Society  of  Ireland."  Mr.  O'Donoghue, 
for  reasons  which  he  states  at  length,  selected  the 
O'Briens  for  the  subject  of  this  history ;  and  although,  he 
originally  intended  to  confine  it  to  the  mediaeval  portion 
of  their  memoirs,  he  was  subsequently  induced  to  com- 
plete the  work,  and  bring  it  down  to  the  senatorial  ser- 
vices of  the  late  Sir  Lucius  O'Brien.  The  volume  is  one 
which  will  be  read  with  considerable  interest  by  the 
countrymen  of  the  O'Briens,  and  contains  materials  new 
to  and  well  deserving  the  attention  of  English  readers. 

The  Olde  Countesse  of  Desmonde :  Her  Identitie :  Her 
Portraiture:  Her  Des'cente.  With  Photographic  Print 
and  Genealogical  Table.  Bu  the  Ven.  A.  B.  'Rowan,  D.D., 
M.R.I.A. 

In  this  little  brochure,  of  which  onty  one  hundred  copies 
have  been  printed,  Archdeacon  Rowan,  who  has  already 
made  the  "  Olde  Countesse  "  the  subject  of  several  com"- 
munications  to  this  Journal,  with  that  right  feeling  which 
distinguishes  a  true  scholar,  being  satisfied  that  he  was 
wrong  in  his  views  as  to  her  identity,  has  not  hesitated 
to  confess  "  the  blunders  he  has  committed,"  and  has 
here  collected  and  put  in  form  a  quantity  of  details  which 
he  has  collected  connected  with  the  Desmond  branch  of 
the  old  Geraldyn  family.  But  in  doing  so  the  Arch- 
deacon gives  the  credit  of  finally  solving  the  enigma  of 
the  identity  of  the  Old  Countess  —  Catherine,  the  wife  of 
Thomas  Earl  of  Desmond  —  to  the  author  of  an  article  on 
the  subject  in  the  Quarterly  Review  for  March,  1853.  The 
work  is  one  highly  creditable  to  Archdeacon  Rowan,  and 
well  calculated  to  please  our  antiquarian  friends. 

A  Practical  and  Exegetical  Commentary  on  the  Epistle  of 
St.  Paul  to  the  Ephesians.  By  the  Rev.  Henry  Newland, 
M.A.,  Vicar  of  St.  Mary  Church,  Devon,  and  Chaplain  to 
the  Bishop  of  Exeter.  (J.  H.  &  Jas.  Parker.) 

We  shall  not  be  expected  to  do  more  than  indicate 
the  merits  of  this  learned  volume,  which  appears  to  be 
intended  as  a  first  instalment  of  a  new  Catena  on  St. 
Paul's  Epistles.  Mr.  Newland's  design  is  to  exhibit  the 
Church's  interpretation  of  this  portion  of  Holy  Scripture 
by  a  series  of  extracts  from  primitive,  mediaeval,  and 
modern  commentators,  which  he  connects  together  by  a 
running  commentary  of  his  own.  In  his  well-written 
and  thoughtful  preface,  he  states  and  vindicates  the 
principle  of  Church  authority  in  the  interpretation  of 
Scripture. 

The  Year  of  the  Church',  a  Course  of  Sermons  by  the  late 
Rev.  R.  VV.  Huntley,  M.A.  (J.  H.  &  Jas.  Parker.) 

A  course  of  sensible  and  orthodox  sermons,  written  for 
a  country  congregation,  not  exhibiting  any  great  re- 
sources of  imagination,  or  containing  any  keen  appeals  to 
the  conscience ;  but  perhaps  (for  that  very  reason)  not 
the  less  adapted  for  the  bucolic  audience' before  whom 
they  were  delivered. 

;    The  Monthly  Magazines  for  June  display  their  usual 


variety.  In  Macmillan  "  Tom  Brown  "  proceeds  very 
satisfactorily.  In  the  Cornhill  "  Lovel  the  Widower  "  is 
married.  But  the  great  article  of  the  Cornhill.  this  month 
is  that  on  "  the  Defence  of  London."  In  the  Constitu- 
tional Press,  we  have  a  continuation  of  "  Hopes  and  Fears," 
and  what  will  doubtless  be  very  popular  at  the  present 
time,  the  first  chapter  of  Mrs.  Gatty's  "  Hornbook  of 
Phycology."  Fraser  is  particularly  good  this  month ; 
but  we  must  content  ourselves  with  directing  the  atten- 
tion of  our  readers  to  one  article,  Mr.  Spedding's  "  Sug- 
gestions for  the  Improvement  of  the  Reading  Department 
of  the  British  Museum."  We  do  so  because  the  sugges- 
tions are  so  practical  and  obvious  that  we  cannot  doubt 
that  the  gentlemen  of  the  Museum,  who  are  always  ready 
to  attend  to  such  hints,  will  willingly  lend  their  aid  ;  -but 
because,  to  carry  out  to  the  full  the  improvements  pointed 
out  by  Mr.  Spedding,  the  cooperation  of  the  frequenters 
of  the"  Reading  Room  is  also  necessary,  and  it  is  with  the 
view  of  securing  such  cooperation  that  we  draw  special 
attention  to  Mr.  Spedding's  paper. 

BOOKS  RECEIVED  — 

Memoirs,  Journal,  and  Correspondence  of  Thomas  Moore. 
Edited  and  Abridged  from  the  First  Edition,  by  the  Right 
Hon.  Lord  John  Russell.  Part  IV.  People's  Edition. 
(Longman.) 

The  present  part,  which  embraces  the  Poet's  life  from 
December,  1825,  to  July,  1828,  contains  among  other 
matters  the  negotiations  connected  with  his  Life  of 
Byron. 

Routledge's  Illustrated  Natural  History.  By  the  Rev. 
J.  G.  Wood.  Parts  XIV.  XV.  and  XVI.  (Routledge.) 

By  the  publication  of  these  parts,  Messrs.  Routledge  have 
brought  to  a  close  the  first  volume  of  their  justly  popular 
Natural  History.  The  object  of  the  Editor  to  make  his 
work  "  rather  anecdotical  and  vital  than  merely  anatomi- 
cal and  scientific,"  has  been  well  seconded  by  the  pub- 
lishers, who  have  spared  no  expense  in  the  admirable 
woodcuts  with  which  the  text  is  so  profusely  illustrated. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentleman  by  whom  they  are  required,  aad  whose  name  aud  ad- 
dress are  given  for  that  purpose : 

A  TOUR  THRO'  THE  WHOLE  ISLAND  op  GREAT  BRITAIN.  By  a  Gentle- 
man. 1742.  4  Vols.  8vo.  Vol.  II. 

RECORDS  ARITHMATICK,  OR  THE  GROUND  OP  ARTS.  Augmented  by 
John  Dee.  Enlarged  by  John  Mellis.  1648.  8vo.  Imperfect  copy. 

THE  WORKS  OP  MR.  THOMAS  BROWN.  8th  Edition.  4  Vols.  8vo.  Dub- 
lin. 1779.  Vol.  I. 

RUMP  SONGS.    8vo.     Imperfect  copy. 

BISHOPK  (GKORGB),  NEW  ENGLAND  JUDGF.D  NOT  BY  MAN'S  HOT  sir  THE 
SPIKIT  OP  THE  LOUD.  4to.  1661.  An  imperfect  copy. 

SIR  THOMAS  MOHE'S  ENGLISH  WORKS.  1557.  Folio.  An  imperfect 
copy. 

AVELLANEDA'S  CONTINUATION  op  DON  QUIXOTE,  translated  by  Mr.  Baker. 
8vo.  2nd  Edition,  1760.  Vol.  II. 

THE  ATHENJBUM  of  October  28,  1837;  November  28, 1840  ;  July  30,  1842; 
August,  1852;  March,  1854;  March,  April,  and  December,  1857;  Decem- 
ber, 1858. 

Wanted  by  Edward  Peacock,  Bottesford  Manor,  Brigg. 


t0 

MEANING  OP  ROYD.  P.  J.  F.  \ts  referred  to  "  N.  &  Q.,"  1st  S.  V.  489. 
571.  6iO.;  vi.  61.  137.  232.  352. 

KINO  PEPIN.    A  letter  for  A.  A.  H.  waits  at  our  office. 

TOBACCO.  If  our  correspondent  A.  J.  D.  will  refer  to  the  past  volumes 
of  "  N.  &  Q.  he  ivill  find  full  information  on  the  subject  of  Ida  Tobacco 
Queries. 

W.  S.  (Parthenon  Club.1)  "  The  Barber's  Story  of  his  Fifth  Brother." 
It  is  told  at  p.  359.,  vol.  i.  of  the  beautiful  edition  of  Lane's  Arabian 
Nights,  published  by  Murray  last  year. 


456 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


s.  IX.  JUNE  9.  '60. 


REV.  THOMAS  COLLINS.  The  information  so  obligingly  communicated 
by  HBBAI.DICUS  has  been  forwarded  to  the  Querist. 

ERRATA.  —  2nd  S.  ix.  p.  426.  col.  ii.  1. 6.  from  the  bottom,  fur  "  Bulle- 
vant  "  read  "  Buttevnnt ; "  p.  435.  col.  ii.  1.  15.  for  "R.S.A."  read 
"R.I.A.;"  p.  351.  col.  i.l.  28.  for." Delphic"  read " Delphiu." 


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CONTENTS. 


1.  LONDON  THE  STRONGHOLD  OF  ENGLAND. 

2.  LOVEL  THE  WIDOWER  (with  an  Illustration).    Chapter  VI.- 

Cecilia's  Successor. 

3.  THE  MAIDEN'S  LOVER. 

4.  THE  PORTENT.    II.-The  Omen  coming  on. 

5.  STUDIES  IN  ANIMAL  LIFE.    Chap.  VL-Conclusion. 

6.  FRAMLEY  PARSONAGE  (with  an  Illustration).    Chap.  XVI.- 

Mrs.   Podgen's   Baby.     XVII Mrs.  Proudie's   Conversazione. 

XVIU—The  New  Minister's  Patronage.' 


7.  WILLIAM  HOGARTH  :  PAINTER,  ENGRAVER,  an-1  PHI- 

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9.  SIR  SELF  AND  WOMANKIND.  By  WILLIAM  DUTIilE. 

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2nd  S.  IX.  JUNE  9.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


UNITED   KINGDOM 

LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.   8.    WATERLOO    PLACE,    TALL    MALL,    S.W. 

The  Hon.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 

CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  Esq.,  Deputy  Chairman. 

FOURTH  DIVISION  OF  PROFITS. 

SPECIAL  NOTICE.-Parties  desirous  of  participating  in  the  fourth 
division  of  profits  to  be  declared  on  all  policies  effected  prior  to  the  31st 
December  next  year,  should,  in  order  to  enjoy  the  same,  make  imme- 
diate application.  There  have  already  been  three  divisions  of  profits, 
and  the  bonuses  divided  have  averaged  nearly  2  per  cent,  per  annum  on 
the  sums  assured,  or  from  30  to  100  per  cent,  on  the  premiums  p»id, 
without  imparting  to  the  recipients  the  risk  of  copartnership,  as  is  the 
case  in  mutual  societies. 

To  show  more  clearly  what  these  bonuses  amount  to,  three  following 
cases  are  put  forth  as  examples 

Sum  Insured.        Bonuses  added.         Amount  payable  up  to  Dec.,  1851. 
JE5.000  £1,987  10s.  46,987  10*. 

1,000  397  10s.  1,397  10s. 

100  39  15s.  139  15s. 

Notwithstanding  these  large  additions,  the  premiums  are  on  the 
lowest  scale  compatible  with  security  for  the  payment  of  the  policy  when 
death  arises;  in  addition  to  which  advantages,  one  half  of  the  annual 
premiums  may,  if  desired,  for  the  term  of  five  years,  remain  unpaid  at 
6  per  cent,  interest,  the  other  half  being  advanced  by  the  company  with- 
out security  or  deposit  of  the  policy. 

The  Assets  of  the  Company  at  the  31st  December,  1858,  amounted 
to*652,0!8  3s.  10d.,  aH  of  which,  has  been  invested  in  Government  and 
Other  approved  securities. 

No  charge  for  Volunteer  Military  Corps  whilst  semng  in  the  United 
Kingdom. 

Policy  Stamps  paid  by  the  Office. 

Immediate  application  should  be  made  to  the  Resident  Director,  8. 
Waterloo  Place,  Pall  Moll.— By  order, 

P.  MACINTYRE,  Secretary. 


w 


•ESTERN    LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 

ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON, S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1848. 


?:.B.  Bicknell.Esq. 
.  S.  Cocks,  Esq. 
O.  H.Drew,  Esq.  M.A. 
W.  Freeman,  Esq. 
F.  Fuller, Esq. 
J.H.  Goodhart.Esa. 


Directors. 


f.  Lucas,  Esq. 
.B.  Marson-Esq. 
A.  Robinson,  Esq. 
J.L.Seager,  Esq. 
J.B.  White,  ESQ. 


Physician W.  R.  Basham,  M.D. 

Bankers — Messn.  Cocks,  Biddulph.andCo. 
Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  thin  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  paying  a  Premium,  as  permission  is  given  upon 
application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  the  con- 
ditions detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

LOANS  from  1007.  to  5007.  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 
Security. 

Attention  is  also  invited  to  the  rates  of  annuity  granted  to  old  lives, 
for  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 
Example :  1007.  cash  paid  down  purchases— An  annuity  of — 
&  s.  d. 
10   4    o  to  a  male  life  aged  60) 

65  (Payable  as  long 


12  3  I 
14  16  3 
18  11  10 


70  ( 
7b) 


as  he  is  alive. 


Now  ready,  10th  Edition,  price  7s.  Cc7.,  of 

MR.     SCRATCHLEY'S     MANUAL,     on 

FRIENDLY  SOCIETIES,  with  RULES,  TABLES,  and  an  EXPO- 
SITION of  the  TRUE  LAW  OF  SICKNESS. 
SHAW  &  SONS,  Fetter  Lane  ;  and  LAYTONS,  150.  Fleet  Street,  E.C. 


PARTRIDGE   6.    COZENS 

Is   the   CHEAPEST    HOUSE    in   the    Trade   for 

PAPER  and  ENVELOPES,  &c.  Useful  Cream-laid  Note.  5  Quires 
for  6d.  Super  Thick  ditto,  5  Quires  for  Is.  Super  Cream-laid  Enve- 
lopes, 6<7.  per  100.  Sermon  Paper,  4s.,  Straw  Paper,  2s.  6'd.,  Foolscap, 
6s.  6c7.  per  Ream.  Manuscript  Paper,  3d.  per  Quire.  India  Note,  5 
Quires  tor  Is.  Black  bordered  Note,  5  Quires  for  Is.  Copy  Books 
(copies  set).  Is.  8d.  per  dozen.  P.  &  C.'a  Law  Pen  (as  flexible  as  the 
Quill),  2s.  per  gross. 

No  Cliaii/e  for  Stamping  Arms,  Crests,  ffc.  from  own  Dies. 

Catalogues  I'ostFree;  Orders  over  20s.  Carriage  paid. 

Copy  Address,  PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS, 
Manufacturing  Stationers ;  1.  Chancery  Lane,  and  192.  Fleet  St.  E.C. 


CLERGY  MUTUAL   ASSURANCE  SOCIETY, 
3.  Broad  Sanctuary,  Westminster. 

Patrons—  The  Archbishops  of  CANTERBURY  and  YORK. 
Trustees— The  Bishops  of  London  and  Winchester,  the  Dean  of  West- 
minster, and  the  Archdeacon  of  Maidstone. 

Council  of  Reference  —  The  Archbishops,  and  Bishops  of  London,  Dur- 
ham and  Winchester. 

Chairman  of  Directors  -  The  Archdeacon  of  LONDON. 
Deputy  Chairman  -F.  L.  WOLLASTON.Esq.,  M.A. 

The  present  amount  assured  upon  life  exceeds  3,000,000?. 

The  invested  capital  is  upwards  of  940,0007. 

The  annual  income  is  upwards  of  120,0007. 

Clergymen,  and  the  wives,  widows,  sons,  and  daughters  of  clergymen, 
and  the  near  relations  of  clergymen,  and  the  near  relations  of  the 
wives  of  clergy  men,  are  qualified  to  effect  assurances  upon  their  lives 
in  this  Society  to  any  amount  not  exceeding  60007.  The  rates  of  pie- 
mium  are  moderate  ;  there  are  no  proprietors  to  share  in  the  profits,  the 
whole  of  the  surplus  capital,  assigned  every  fifth  year,  being  appro- 
priated to  the  assured  members. 

The  next  bonus  will  be  in  the  year  1861. 

Assurances  upon  life  may  be  made  in  this  Society  upon  payment  of 
reduced  annual  premiums,  viz.,  upon  payment  of  four-fifths  of  the 
rates  chargeable,  Gift-fifth  remaining  in  arrear,  to  be  paid  off  from  time 
to  time  by  bonus. 

Prospectuses  and  forms  of  application  for  assurances  may  be  obtained 
at  the  office;  or  by  letter  to  the  Secretary. 

JOHN  HODGSON,  M.A.,  Sec. 


T»HE  AQUARIUM.— LLOYD'S  DESCRIPTIVE 

1  and  ILLUSTRATED  LIST  of  whatever  relates  to  the  AQUA- 
RIUM, is  now  ready,  price  1*. ;  or  by  Post  for  Fourteen  Stamps.  128 
Pages,  and  87  Woodcuts. 

W.  ALFORD  LLOYD,  19, 20,  and  20  A.  Portland  Road,  Regent's 
Park,  London,  W. 


GI.ENFXEX.D    PATENT    STARCH, 

USED  IN  THE  ROYAL  LAUNDRY, 

AND  PRONOUNCED  BY  HER  MAJESTY'S  LAUNDRESS,  TO  BE 
THE  FINEST  STARCH  SHE  EVER  USED. 

Sold  by  all  Chandlers,  Grocers,  &c.  &c. 
WOTHERSPOON  fc  CO.,  GLASGOW  &  LONDON.  . 

BROWN  &  POLSON'S 

PATENT   CORN   FLOUR. 

The  Lancet  States, 

"  THIS  is  SUPERIOR  TO  ANYTHING  OP  THE  KIND  KNOWN." 

The  most  wholesome  part  of  the  best  Indian  Corn,  prepared  by  a  pro- 
cess Patented  .for  the  Three  Kingdoms  and  France,  and  wherever  it 
becomes  known  obtains  great  favour  for  Puddings,  Custards,  Blanc- 
mange ;  all  the  uses  of  the  finest  arrow  root,  and  especially  suited  to 
the  delicacy  of  Children  and  Invalids :  - 

BROWN  &  POLSON, 

Manufacturers  to  Her  Majesty  the  Queen  : 

PAISLEY,  MANCHESTER,  DUBLIN,  and  LONDON. 


REDUCTION  OF  DUTY. 

TTEDGES  &  BUTLER,  having  reduced  the  prices 

11  of  their  WINES  in  accordance  with  the  new  Tariff,  are  now 
selling  capital  dinner  Sherry,  21s.,  30s.,  and  36s.  per  dozen;  high  class 

pale,  golden,  and  brown  Sherry,  42s.,  18s..  and  51s Good  Port,  30s.  and 

36s.-Fine  old  Port,  42s.,  48s.,  54s.,  60s.— Pure  St.-Julien  Claret,  24s.  and 
30s.  —Very  superior  ditto,  36s — La  Rose,  36s.,  42s.  —  Finest  growth 
Clarets,  60s.,  72s.,  84s.-Chablis,  36s.,  48s— Red  and  White  Burgundy, 
36s. ,  48s.  to  84s._ Champagne,  42s.,  54s.,  60.".,  72*-.-Hock  and  Moselle, 
36s.,  48s.,  60s.  to  120s._East  India  Madeira,  Imperial  Tokay,  Vermuth, 
Frontignac,  Constantia,  and  every  other  description  of  Wine— Fine 

old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  dozen Schiedam  Hollands, 

Marischino,  Curasao,  Cherry  Brandy,  &c.  On  receipt  of  a  Post-ofiioa 
order  or  reference,  any  quantity,  with  a  Price-list  of  all  other  wines, 
will  be  forwarded  immediately  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

WINE  MERCHANTS,  &c. 
155.  REGENT  STREh-T,  LONDON,  W. 

and  30.  King's  road,  Brighton. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 


VINO  VERMUTH. 

A  delicious   Tonic  Wine,  finest  imported. 
In  Original  Bottles  and  Cases  -       -       -       -    26s.  per  dozen. 

Good  Diuner  Claret  ------    20s.       „ 

„         Sherry  ------    26s.       „ 

Excellent  Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne     -    32*.       „  • 

JAMES  L.  DENMAN, 

65.  FENCHURCH  STREET,  E.C. 
N.B.  Detailed  Price  Lists  of  Wines,  Spirits,  and  Liqueur*  Post  Free. 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


IX.  JUNE  9.  '60. 


New  Burlington  Street. 
June  9, 1860. 


ME.  BENTLEY'S 
LIST   OP   NEW   WORKS 

FOR  JUNE. 


M.  GITIZQT'S  "MEMOIRS   OF   MY  OWN 


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:t  contains 
Lyons  in  I83i 


[Published  this  Day. 


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,  and  of  the  Fieschi  conspiracy  in  1836. 


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in. 
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By 


these 

IX.    % 
NEW  WORK  BY  HANS  CHRISTIAN  ANDERSEN. 

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X. 
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JERUSALEM  AND  THE 

MOUNT  OF  OLIVES, 
BETHLEHEM, 
NAZARETH, 


HEBRON, 
JAFFA, 

THE  JORDAN. 


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SEAMANSHIP.     By  CAPTAIN  BASIL  HALL.     Re- 
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SENECA  (M.  and  L.)  and  SEPTUAGINT.     By  F. 

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SICILIES.     By  the  Author  of  the  Article  "  Italy." 
SILK.    By  WILLIAM  FELKIN,  Nottingham. 

SINDH.     By  E.  B.  EASTWICK,  Author  of  "  Hand- 
book of  India." 

SMITH  (ADAM).    By  J.  R.  M'CULLOCH. 
SMOKE.     By  WILLIAM  FAIRBAIRN,  LL.D.,  F.R.S. 
SOCRATES.     By  the  BISHOP  OF  HEREFORD. 
SOMNAMBULISM.    By  ALLEN  THOMSON,  M.D., 

Professor  of  Anatomy  in  the  University  of  Glasgow. 

SPALDING   (WILLIAM).      By  CHARLES 

MACLAREN,  F.R.8.E. 

SPINNING.     By  JAMES  NEWLANDS,  C.E. 
SPOHR    (LUDWIG).     By    GEORGE   FARQUHAR 

GRAHAM. 

STEAM  and   STEAM-ENGINE.       By  DANIEL 

KINNEAR  CLARK,  C.E. 

STEAM  NAVIGATION.      By  ROBERT  MURRAY, 

Engineer-Surveyor  to  the  Board  of  Trade. 

STEPHENSON  (GEORGE  and  ROBERT).      By 

J.  R.  LEIFCHILD,  Author  of  the  Article  "  Mines  and  Mining." 

STEREOSCOPE.     By  SIR   DAVID  BREWSTER, 

K.H.,  &c. 

STEWART  (DUG ALD).     By  JOHN  VEITCH,  A.  M. 
STONE-MASONRY  and  STOVE.      By   ARTHUR 

ASHPITEL,  F.S.  A.,  &c. 

STRENGTH  of  MATERIALS.  By  JOHN  ROBISON, 

late  Professor  of  Natural  Philosophy  in  the  University  of  Edin- 
burgh. 

SUGAR.     By  CHARLES   TOMLINSON,  Author  of 

"  Cyclopaedia  of  Useful  Arts,"  &c. 

SURGERY.     By  JAMES  MILLER,  M.D.,  Professor 

of  Surgery  in  the  University  of  Edinburgh. 

SWIFT  (JONATHAN).     By  RICHARD  GARNETT. 
SYDENHAM  (DR.).     By  JOHN  BROWN,  M.D. 
SYDNEY.     By  WILLIAM  WESTGARTH. 

SYRIA.   By  REV.  J.  L.  PORTER,  Author  of  "  Hand- 
book of  Syria  and  the  Holy  Land." 

Edinburgh:  ADAM  &  CHARLES  BLACK. 
London:  SIMPKIN,  MARSHALL,  &  CO.;  and  all  Booksellers. 


2"*1  S.  IX.  JUNK  16.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEK1ES, 


457 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JUNE  16.  18CO. 


N«.  233.— CONTENTS. 

NOTES :  —  Gleanings  from  the  Records  of  the  Treasury,  No. 
6.,  457  —  Shaksperiana :  "  Hamlet  "  Bibliography  —  Ety- 
mology of  Shakspere  —  Emendation  of  "  Macbeth,"  458  — 
Country  Tavern  Signs,  459. 

MINOR  NOTES  :  —  Original  Letter  of  George  Fox — The  "  Sil- 
ver Trowel,"  and  the  Golden  Spade  —  Coverdale's  Bible  — 
Mind  and  Matter,  460. 

QUERIES :  — Gowrie's  Mother,  461  — Dame   Ann  Percy  — 

—  Henry  Sneath  —  Proverbial  Sayings  —  Campbell's  "  Bat- 
tle of  the  Baltic"  — "As  a  small  acorn,"  &c.  — Charles 
Pigot,  Esq.  — Tyburn   Gate  — Anonymous,  "A  Discourse 
vpon  the  Present  State  of  France  "  —  "  Alberic  "— Booters- 
town,  near  Dublin  — Seize  Quartiers  — "  Mousquetaires 
Noirs"  — Westminster  Hall  — Single  Supporter  to  Arms 

—  Wm.  Rennell  — Rev.  J.  Leslie  Armstrong  —  Rev.  John 
Walker  —  Stolen  Brass,  461. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  —  "  Logic :  or,  The  Chestnut 
Horse"  — Henry  Cantrell,  M.A.  —  Numao  — Bishops  Jolly 
and  Kidder  —  Fanshaw's  "II  Pastor  Fido"  — Rappee— 
Aristophanes :  "  The  Lysistrates,"  463. 

REPLIES:— The  M'Aulays  of  Ardincaple,  465  —  Nathaniel 
Hooke,466— Dibdin's  Songs,  468.— The  De  Pratellis  Family, 
Ib.  —  Death  of  Charles  II.— The  Bunyan  Pedigree— Joseph 
Clarke  —  Hymn  on  Prayer— Rebellion  of  1715  —  The  Psalter 
of  the  Blessed  Virgin— Pigtails—  Sir  John  Bowring— Witty 
Classical  Quotations  —  "  The  Ancient "  —  Knap  —  Tyburn 
Gallows— To  Slang  — Money  Value,  1704 —Bavins  and 
Puffs  —  Judas  Tree  —  The  Lady's  and  Gentleman's  Skulls 

—  Mille  Jugera  — The  Livery  Collar  of  Scotland— "Rock 
of  Ages  "  —  The  Festival  of  the  Ass  —  Fellowes'  Visit  to  the 
Monastery  of  La  Trappe  — The  Nine  Men's  Morris  — Date 
of  the  Crucifixion  —  Garibaldi's  Parentage  —  Tomb  of  Sir 
Robert  de  Hungerford,  &c.,  470. 

Notes  on  Books. 


GLEANINGS  FROM  THE  RECORDS  OF  THE 
TREASURY.  — No.  VI. 

The  following  documents,  comprised  in  a  peti- 
tion of  Dr.  Woodroffe,  are  of  considerable  interest 
as  detailing  the  method  by  which,  as  it  is  stated, 
certain  youths  of  the  Greek  Church,  who  were 
under  the  care  and  tuition  of  the  Doctor,  were 
sought  to  be  reconciled  to  the  lloman  Church, 
and  the  means  also  by  which  they  escaped  the 
alleged  terrors  of  the  Inquisition. 

"  To  the  Rt  Honble  Sidney  L<*  Godolphin,  L<*  High  Trea- 
surer of  England. 
"  A  Memorial  humbly  presented  by  Dr  Woodroffe. 

"  Whereas  it  is  now  neare  5  years  since  certain  Youths 
of  ye  Greek  Communion  wei'e  brought  over  &  committed 
to  y°  care  of  Dr  WoodrofFe  in  order  to  their  receiving 
such  a  liberal  education  in  ye  University,  whereby  they 
might  be  qualified  as  Preachers,  Schoolmasters,  or  other- 
wise to  serve  their  own  Countrey  at  their  returne. 

"  And  whereas  yc  said  Youths  were  soon  after  their 
arrival  receiv'd  into  the  Roial  Protection,  &  Command 
thereupon  given  y*  some  Fund  should  be  found  out,  & 
eettled  for  their  Maintenance,  to  ye  Number  of  ten,  which 
said  Fund  is  not  yet  found,  Whereby  the  charges  of  pre- 
paring, &  furnishing  Lodgeings,  of  Dyet,  Cloaths,  Books 
&  all  other  Conveniences  as  also  of  a  person  to  assist  in 
their  Education  to  ye  value  of  at  least  14001  (excepting 
onely  4001  receiv'd  of  Royal  Bounty)  hath  lain  on  ye  Dr 
Besides  his  own  pains  &  attendance,  for  which  He  never 
askt,  nor  receiv'd  any  reward,  though  ye  Roial  Command 
was  twice  given  out  for  it. 


"  And  whereas  y°  Dr  being  indebted  to  her  Ma*y  in 
the  summe  of  about  60011  for  ye  Duty  of  Salt,  He  being 
Proprietor  of  one  of  ye  Salt-rocks  in  Cheshire,  humbly 
peticon'ed  her  Ma'y  that  in  Consideration  hereof  some 
favour  might  be  shewn  him  with  respect  to  yc  said  debt, 
&  was  by  yr  LPS  mediation  so  far  indulged,  as  to  have 
processe  stop't  till  ye  last  day  of  this  present  Michaelmas 
Terme.  But  by  reason  of  more  Greek  Youths  since 
coming  over,  who  being  added  to  those  already  under  his 
care,  made  up  ye  full  number  of  Ten  y«  charges  have  so 
increased,  y*  He  hath  not  as  yet  been  able  to  pay  offe  ye 
said  Debt,  for  wch  if  processe  should  now  go  out  against 
Him,  He  &  ye  good  work  itself  must  be  utterly  ruin'd. 

"  For  y«  preventing  whereof,  Endeavours  being  now 
useing  to  finde  out  a  proper  Fund  without  burdening  ye 
Crown,  It  is  humbly  represented  to  yr  LP  that  some  farther 
respite  may  be  granted  to  ye  Dr  for  ye  paying  in  the  said 
Debt  by  Sale  of  some  part  of  his  own  Estate,  if  no  other 
way  of  Supply  can  be  speedily  found ;  which  is  ye  more 
earnestly  requested,  for  as  much,  as  if  He  be  herein  dis- 
countenanced, ye  Honour  of  our  Nation,  &  Religion  must 
suffer  with  Him,  occasion  being  thereby  given  to  ye  scorn- 
ings,  &  insultings  of  ye  Enemies  of  our  Faith,  who  are  so 
ready  to  snatch  away  ye  Honour  of  so  good  a  work  from 
us.  As  will  appear  by  ye  Schedule  hereunto  annext. 

"  George  &  John  Aptaloghi,  two  of  the  Greek  Youths, 
who  were  under  ye  care  of  Dr  Woodroffe  in  Oxford,  hav- 
ing ye  last  year  been  prevailed  on  to  withdraw  them- 
selves from  thence,  upon  pretence  that  they  should  have 
much  better  provision  made  for  them,  and  be  sent  into 
their  own  Countrey,  as  they  should  desire;  &  coming  to 
London,  were  furnisht  with  money,  for  their  Voyage,  and 
had  Bills  of  Exchange  to  be  receiv'd  in  Holland,  as  y9 
most  Convenient  place  from  whence  to  take  ship  for  their 
own  Countrey. 

"  As  soon  as  they  were  landed  in  Holland  several  per- 
sons were  ready  to  receive  &  attend  them,  (whom  after- 
wards they  knew  to  be  priests  of  ye  Romish  Church,) 
who  treated  them  very  kindly,  carrying  them  from  place 
to  place,  till  being  at  the  Hague,  they  proposed  to  them  to 
take  boat  for  Middleburg. 

"  Being  in  the  boat,  they  found  they  were  steering  a 
quite  contrary  course,  whereupon  asking  ye  Master  of  y° 
boat  whither  they  were  going,  He  told  them,  -'twas 
whither  he  had  orders  to  carry  them,  and  so  on  they  went 
till  they  were  brought  to  Antwerp ;  going  out  of  y°  boat 
they  askt  Stephen  Constantine,  (who  was  ye  third  who 
had  made  his  Escape  from  Oxford,  &  as  it  afterwards  ap« 
pear'd  had  long  entertain'd  a  correspondence  with  Romish 
Emissaries,  having  for  above  3  years  before  sold  himself 
&  his  Brethren  to  them,)  where  they  were,  who  bid  them 
feare  nothing,  for  they  were  safe,  &  thereupon  pulled  out 
of  his  pocket  a  passe  from  ye  Govern'  of  Flanders,  and 
now  they  were  sufficiently  sensible,  how  they  were  be- 
trayed, as  they  afterwards  found  in  all  places  they  went 
thorow. 

"  At  their  Landing  at  Antwerp,  they  were  welcom'd 
by  3  priests,  who  were  to  take  care  of  them,  who  attended 
them  to  Mechlin,  and  thence  to  Louvain,  where  they 
were  presented  to  ye  Internuncio  of  ye  Pope,  who  at  ye 
first  view  of  them,  said,  Homer  is  not  here,  that  is  not 
Homer,  pointing  at  the  eldest  of  them,  It  seems  their 
greatest  aime  was  at  him,  &  they  were  troubled  He  was 
not  with  them.  This  Homer  is  he,  who  was  ye  eldest  of 
them  all,  &  is  now  in  London,  in  order  to  return  into  his 
own  Countrey,  He  being  already  appointed  to  be  Drug- 
german  in  yc  place  of  one  lately  deceas'd  at  Smyrna. 

"Here  they  were  ask*  w4  money  they  had  receiv'd,  & 
they  answering,  that  they  had  receiv'd  50  Guineas,  they 
were  told,  more  was  return'd  for  them,  nameing  an  100 
or  150  Guineas  more;  but  they  averring  they  had  re- 


458 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  IX.  JUNE  10.  'GO. 


cciv'd  no  more,  y«  person  -who  put  yc  Question,  said, 
there  must  be  an  account  taken  of  w*  moneys  his  Holi- 
nesse had  ordered  for  their  Use,  for  'twas  above  3  years 
since  money  had  been  order'd  for  them,  &  thereon  yc  per- 
son [viz.  ]  *  was  named,  who  was  appointed  to 
manage  that  affair. 

"  And  now  they  began  to  eleale  plainly  with  them, 
greately  exclaiming  against  the  English,  as  ye  worst  of 
Hereticks,  &  telling  them  that  they  were  to  renounce  all 
their  Errors,  &  to  be  instructed,  that  they  might  be  re- 
ceiv'd  into  the  true  Catholic  Church.  In  order  wher- 
unto  they  were  put  into  the  Irish  Colledge,  and  often 
disputed  "with  to  be  convinced  of  their  Errors;  but  that 
not  prevailing  they  were  told  that  his  Holinesse  had  a 
desire  to  see  them,  &  to  Rome  they  must  goe,  where  they 
should  find  what  it  was  to  offend  an  Apostolick  Minister. 
And  so  they  were  sent  on  to  Paris,  where  ye  Pope's  Nun- 
cio entertain'd  them  beyond  w*  they  had  ever  seen,  & 
to  soften  what  had  been  said  to  them  at  Lovain,  He  told 
them  of  y°  great  Love  his  Holinesse  had  for  them,  &  a 
letter  of  Grace  came  to  them  from  his  Holinesse  written 
in  Greek  to  confirm  them  therein. 

"  They  had  desired  to  have  had  some  new  Cloaths,  but 
'twas  denyed,  they  being  told,  y*  his  Holinesse  had  a 
great  desire  to  see  them  in  their  own  Countrey  habit, 
meaning  y«  habit,  they  wore  herein  England,  &  had  tra- 
velled in/&  are  now  return'd  in  ye  same  to  London. 

"  From  Paris  they  are  sent  to  Avignon  &  from  thence 
to  Marseilles,  where  they  were  shipt  for  Civita.  Vecchia; 
But  ye  Master  touching  at  Genoa,  &  giving  them  Leave 
to  walk  about  the  Streets,  they  found  out  y°  English  Con- 
sul relating  to'  him,  How  they  had  been  'decoj'ed  from 
England,  where  they  were  under  her  Matie"  Protection,  & 
how  they  had  been  since  treated,  and  that  they  were  now 
sending  to  Rome  to  be  put  in  ye  Inquisition,  &  therefore 
begging  his  Protection,  who  accordingly  undertook  to 
protect  them,  &  having  withstood  all  ye  Endeavours  of 
the  Romanists  to  recover  them,  shipped  them  for  Leg- 
horn, from  whence  by  ye  favour  of  ye  Consul  there;  they 
were  put  on  board  an  English  Ship  in  wch  about  a  Month 
since  they  arrived  at  ve  Port  of  London. 
"  Nov.  23,  1703.  " 


"  Whereas  Dr  Woodroffe  Govern'  &  Tutor  to  ye  youths 
of  ye  Greeke  Communion  now  residing  in  Oxon  hath 
most  humbly  petition'd  her  most  Gracious  Maty. 

"  1.  That  some  lasting  establishment  may  be  made  for 
yc  said  Youths,  &  such  others  of  ye  said  Communion  to 
ye  number  of  (10)  who  shal  from  time  to  time  come  over 
to  receive  their  education  according  to  ye  Church  of 
England. 

"  2.  That  several  of  ye  said  youths  being  arrived,  & 
having  been  already  for  above  3  years  last  in  Oxon  under 
yc  care,  &  at  ye  sole  charges  of  Dr  Woodroffe  (excepting 
2001  receiv'd  by  Royal  Bounty)  there  may  be  some  pre- 
sent supply  granted  toward  ye  said  charges,  ye  same 
amounting  to  about  11001  as  appears  by  a  Schedule  given 
in  wth  ye  Petition  presented  to  her  Ma*y.  As  also 

"  3.  That,  for  as  much  as  ye  said  Dr  Woodroffe  as  Pro- 
prietor of  one  of  the  Salt-rocks  in  Cheshire  (the  Duty 
whereof  comes  to  many  thousands  per  Annum)  is  at  pre- 
sent indebted  to  her  Ma*y  in  or  near  ye  like  sufrie  of 
11001  for  ye  said  Duty,  ye  paiment  whereof  is  very  much 
pressed  by  the  Cofnissioners,  Prosecution  may  be  stopt,  ye 
said  Dr  Woodroffe  being  very  ill  able  to  raise  such  a 
sume,  &  bear  ye  growing  charges  of  ye  maintenance  & 
education  of  ye  said  youths  of  ye  Greek  Communion 
which  cannot  be  lesse  than  between  three,  &  four  hun- 
dred pounds  per  Aiium  &  will  be  likewise  upon  him, 
unless  assisted  therein  by  her  Matie§  Royal  Bounty,  or 


*  Blank  in  original. 


w*ever  other  Provision  her  Ma*y  shall  in  her  great  Wise- 
dome,  and  princely  piety  judge  most  fit. 

"  To  which  her  Ma*y  hath  return'd  a  very  gracious 
answer  by  ye  R*  Reverend  ye  Ld  BP  of  London, 
who  attended  her  Ma'y  on  y«  said  Petition,  viz. : 

"  1.  That  such  a  lasting  Establishment  should  be  made 
for  yc  said  Youths  of  the  Greek  Communion. 

"  2.  That  a  present  supply  should  be  made  toward  y' 
charges  at  wch  yc  said  Dr  Woodroffe  hath  already  been. 

"  8.  That  Prosecution  for  ye  said  11001  should  be  stopt, 
till  such  a  Supply,  or  other  Provision  should  be  made. 

"  Which  being  referred  to  ye  R*  Honbl«  ye  Ld  High 
Treasurer,  It  is  humbly  praied,  That,  w'ever  her  most 
Gracious  Ma'y  shall  grant  by  way  of  Royal  Bounty,  or 
otherwise  may  be  applied  towards  ye  paying  offe,  what 
the  said  Doctor  is  indebted  to  her  M'y  for  ye  Duty  of 
Rock-salt,  And  as  to  y«  Remainder,  that  ye  E*  Honble  ye 
Ld  High  Treasurer  would  be  pleas'd  to  order  that  Prose- 
cution against  ye  said  Doctor  be  at  present  stopt,  till 
some  farther  Provision  shall  be  made,  as  her  Ma*y  hath 
pleased  graciously  to  declare." 

I  shall  be  glad  to  learn  from  other  sources  the 
subsequent  career  of  these  Greek  youths,  if  any 
of  the  correspondents  of  "  N.  &  Q."  can  oblige  me 
with  information  concerning  them. 

WILLIAM  HENRY  HART. 

Folkestone  House,  Roupell  Park,  Streatbam. 


SHAKSPERIANA. 

"  HAMLET  "  BIBLIOGRAPHY.  —  The  thanks  of 
all  Shakspearians,  and  my  own  special  thanks, 
are  due  to  MR.  BATES  for  his  help  in  "  posting 
up"  the  list  of  IZawfeMiterature  (2nd  S.  ix. 
378—380.).  If  I  had  known  that  a  fellow- 
townsman  had  compiled  so  large  a  list,  I  should 
very  gladly  have  asked  his  aid  in  completing 
my  own.  While  I  thank  him  for  several  addi- 
tions, and  for  his  appreciation  of  what  he  knows 
is  a  troublesome  and  thankless  task,  I  must  re- 
mind him  that  I  intentionally  omitted  several  of 
the  works  he  has  included  in  his  list.  In  the 
Preface  I  said  that  my  object  was  "  to  show  the 
greatness  of  the  drama  by  the  books  it  had 
brought  forth  ;  and  to  form,  as  far  as  practicable, 
an  Index  of  the  works  (excluding  only  three 
German  and  two  English  travesties  and  pictorial 
illustrations)  which  have  appeared  in  the  literary, 
dramatic,  and  personal  history  of  this  great 
drama."  The  German  travesties  are  not  men- 
tioned by  MR.  BATES,  but  their  titles  will  be 
found  in  Karl  Elze's  admirable  Hamlet  The 
pictorial  illustrations  are  so  numerous,  and  so 
scattered,  that  I  feared,  and  still  fear,  it  would  be 
impossible  to  compile  any  satisfactory  list ;  and 
any  such  attempt  should  certainly  include  great 
paintings  also,  as  tributes  to  the  noble  drama.  I 
also  added  in  the  Preface  that  the  "  Folio  editions 
(1623,  1632,  1664,  1683,)  are  not  mentioned  in 
the  list,  nor  the  editions  of  the  complete  works  in 
which  of  course  the  tragedy  is  contained."  I 
mention  these  things,  not  to  disparage  the  value  of 


2nd  S.  IX.  JUNE  16.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


459 


MR.  BATES'S  list,  but  to  show  that  many  of  the 
apparent  omissions  were  intended  and  defined, 
and  that  the  list  prefixed  to  the  Devonshire 
Hamlets  was  very  carefully  and  systematically 
compiled. 

As  I  cannot  agree  with  MR.  BATES  that  the  two 
lists  will  be  found  "  exhaustive,"  I  hope  some  of  your 
other  correspondents  will  add  what  they  can,  even 
in  mere  dates  of  various  editions  of  the  Hamlet- 
books,  and  especially  references  to  many  valuable 
papers  which  have  appeared  in  reviews,  maga- 
zines, and  literary  journals.  My  own  wish  and 
object  in  my  Preface  and  Bibliography  was,  not 
to  give  an  elaborate  paper,  but  to  add  to  the 
earliest  known  editions  of  the  great  drama  a  list, 
as  complete  as  practicable,  of  all  subsequent  edi- 
tions, and  of  all  books  relating  to  the  play,  with 
the  exceptions  previously  named.  MR.  BATES  has 
had  experience  enough  in  such  a  task,  to  bespeak 
indulgence  for  errors  of  omission  and  commission, 
and  will  regret  to  see  several  in  the  list  he  gave, 
and  especially  in  the  title  of  the  Spanish  transla- 
tion, which  I  gave  correctly.  My  own  copy  is  by 
Inarco  (not  Marco)  Celenio  ;  and  as  it  has  no  in- 
dication that  it  is  a  second  edition,  I  assumed  it 
to  be  the  first,  and  only  gave  the  date  1798.  On 
some  minor  points  in  MR.  BATES'S  "  Note"  I  will 
not  trouble  you,  but  thank  you  for  the  space  de- 
voted to  the  illustration  of  our  great  poet's  greatest 
work,  and  hope  that  many  other  additions  will  be 
made  in  your  columns  to  the  interesting  mass  of 
ffamlet'llteT&ture.  SAM.  TIMMINS. 

Edgbaston. 

ETYMOLOGY  OF  SHAKSPERE.  —  I  am  not  aware 
whether  the  derivation  of  Shakspere's  name  has 
yet  been  attempted.  The  only  difficulty  I  ever 
entertained  was,  the  existence  of  the  name  Brak- 
spear.  Upon  farther  consideration,  I  cannot  help 
thinking  that,  although  the  latter  name  might  be 
very  well  given  to  a  soldier  who  "  broke  his  spear  " 
in  battle,  yet  that  one  could  hardly  have  been 
named  from  "  shaking  his  spear,"  as  everybody  who 
carried  a  spear  in  battle  would  necessarily  brandish 
it.  The  name  of  the  poet  is,  I  believe,  found 
variously  written  Shakspere,  Shokspeare,  Shak- 
sper,  Shakespere,  Shakespear,  Shakespeare,  Shake- 
speyre,  Shakyspere,  Shaxper,  Schakspere,  Schake- 
spere,  Schakespeire,  and  Chacksper. 

Now  the  radicals  s  and  sh;  andg-s,  x,  and  ks  are 
interchangeable ;  the  vowels  a,  e,  i,  o  and  u,  are  also 
interchangeable,  as  will  appear  by  five  different 
orthographies  of  the  name  "  Robert."  Again, 
the  O.  G.  bert  (Mod.  G.  brechf),  signifying  clarus, 
prseclarus,  illustris,  in  the  composition  of  personal 
names,  besides  very  many  other  forms,  takes  those 
of  pear,  per,  and  ber.  We  now  have  little  diffi- 
culty in  tracing  the  name  "  Shakspere,"  which  I 
take  to  be  no  other  than  a  corruption  of  SIGIS- 
BERT,  "  renowned  for  victory  "  (from  O.  G.  sieg, 


A.-S.  sige,  Franc,  et  Alam,  sigo,  "  victory ")  ; 
thus  Sigisbert,  Sigsbert,  Sigsber,  Siksper,  Shik- 
sper,  Shaksper,  SHAKSPERE.  I  do  not  find  the 
name  Sigisberr,  but  there  is  Sigibert  (whence  very 
many  Eng.  names  have  been  corrupted)  and  Sigia- 
merus,  as  well  as  Segimerus  and  Sigimar,  and  also 
Sigismund,  whence  by  contraction  the  It.  form 
Sismondi.  If  it  should  be  advanced  that  we  have 
the  name  "WagstafF,"  I  answer  that  the  last 
syllable  in  that  and  in  many  other  personal 
names,  has  nothing  whatever  to  do  with  a  "  staff," 
which  I  can  prove  if  necessary.  R.  S.  CHARNOCK. 
Gray's  Inn. 

EMENDATION  or  "  MACBETH."  —  In  Macbeth, 
Act  IV.  Sc.  1.,  the  folio  gives  the  following  line  : 

"  Though  Haded  com  be  lodged." 
The  emendation  is  : 

"  Though  blcuded  com  be  lodged." 

I  cannot  understand  how  bleaded  can  be  con- 
sidered an  emendation,  and  I  much  doubt  whether 
Shakspeare  wrote  bladed,  much  less  bleaded,  but  I 
think  it  more  likely  he  wrote  bearded,  as  by  re- 
ferring to  his  other  plays  he  uses  this  word  in  its 
proper  sense,  as, 

*'  The  green  corn  hath  rotted 
Ere  his  youth  attained  a  leard" 

Midsummer's  Night's  Dream,  Act  II.  Sc.  2. 
And 

"  His  well-proportioned  beard  made  rough  and  rugged 
like  to  the  Summer's  corn  by  tempest  lodged" 

Henry  VI.,  Second  Part,  Act  III.  Sc.  2. 
"  Shall  lodge  the  Summer  corn" 

Richard  II.  Act  III.  Sc.  3. 

As  to  the  word  blade,  the  following  from  All's 
Well  shows  that  Shakspeare  used  it  in  the  sense 
we  generally  do : 

"  Natural  rebellion  done  in  the  blade  of  youth." 

Shakspere  certainly  knew  that  corn  is  not 
lodged  by  the  wind  before  it  is  in  the  ear  or 
bearded,  and  it  is  not  likely  he  would  have  written 
bladed,  which  is  a  word  signifying  corn  in  ita  young 
state.  It  may,  however,  be  said  that  bladed  is 
right;  for  looking  to  the  facts  related  in  this  scene 
by  the  intervention  of  the  witches,  and  the  strange 
things  which  happened,  even  the  lodging  of  corn 
in  the  blade,  or  bladed  corn,  was  intended  by 
Shakspere  as  one  of  the  effects  of  supernatural 
agency.  S.  BEISLY. 


COUNTRY  TAVERN  SIGNS. 
I  have  noted  the  following  curious  tavern  signs 
in  the  country,  and  shall  be  glad  if  any  of  your 
local  readers  can  throw  light  on  the  origin  of  any 
of  them :  — 

Derbyshire. 

"  Hark  the  Lasher !  "  at  Edale,  near  Castleton. 
"  Hunloke  "  Inn  at  Chesterfield. 
"  Bishop  Blaize  "  at  Derby. 


460 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


f[2»*S.  IX.  JUNE  16. '60. 


"Eagle  and  Child,"  Derby. 

"  Bay  Childers,"  Dronfield. 

"Clock-wheel,"  Barlborough,  near  Eckington. 

"  Board,"  Smalley,  near  Belper,  and  many  other  places. 
(Query,  Exchequer  or  'chequer  board?) 

"  Vanish,"  Glapwell,  near  Bolsover. 

"Cross  Daggers,"  Hope,  near  Castleton,  and  else- 
where. 

"  Craven  Heifer,"  Romilly,  near  Mellor. 

"  Soldier  Dick,"  Furness,  near  New  Mills. 

"  Mortar  and  Pestle,"  Staveley.  (This  I  imagine  to  be 
unique.) 

"  Lover's  Leap,"  Stoney  Middleton. 

In  Shropshire. 

"  Hundred  House,"  at  Broseley. 

"Letters,"  Iron  Bridge,  and  elsewhere. 

"  Peter's  Finger,"  Dawley. 

"  Leeters,"  Shrewsbury.  (Is  this  identical  with  "  Let- 
ters "  noted  above  ?  Is  the  "  Leeters  "  so  called  from  its 
being,  or  having  been,  the  place  of  meeting  of  the  court 
leet,  or,  vulgarly,  the  court  leeters?) 

In  Nottinghamshire. 
"Lion  and  Adder,"  Newark. 
"Filho  da  Puta,"  Nottingham. 

In  Monmouthshire. 
"  Ruperra  Arms,"  at  Newport. 

In  Herefordshire. 
"Red-streak-Tree,"  at  Hereford  and  elsewhere. 

In  Leicestershire. 

"  Heanor  Boat,"  at  Leicester. 

"  Loggerheads,"  at  Leicester,  and  several  other  places. 
(This  I  imagine  to  be  a  corruption,  as  a  landlord  would 
scarcely  be  so  foolish  as  to  select  a  title  suggestive  of  the 
effect  of  too  much  beer.) 

"  Swan  and  Rushes,"  Leicester. 

"  Crooked  Billet,"  Lutterworth,  and  elsewhere. 

"  Bull  in  the  Oak,"  Market  Bosworth. 

In  Lincolnshire. 
"  Book  in  Hand,"  Alford. 
"  Hunter's  Leap,"  Washingborough. 
"  Blue  Stone,"  Louth. 
"  Letter  A,"  Stamford. 

In  Staffordshire. 
"  Four  Crosses,"  Stafford. 

In  Worcestershire. 
"Cock-and  Magpie,"  Bewdley. 
"  Mopson  Cross,"  Bewdley. 
"  Copcot  Elm,"  Salwarpe,  near  Droitwich. 
"  Hand  of  Providence,"  Dudley. 
"  Samson  and  Lion,"  Dudley. 
"  Struggling  Man,"  Dudley. 
"  Quiet  Woman,"  Pershore. 
"  Eagle  and  Serpent,"  Stourbridge. 
"  Mouth  of  the  Nile,"  Worcester. 

In  Warwickshire. 

"  Bablake  Boy,"  Coventry.  (Is  there  not  in  this  place 
a  charity  school  called  the  Bablake  School,  whence  this 
sign  is  derived  ?) 

"  Swan  and  Maidenhead,"  Stratford-on-Avon. 

The  "Eagle  and  Child"  may  have  been  so 
called  from  some  local  tradition,  not  uncommon, 
or,  indeed,  from  the  fact  of  a  child  having  been 
carried  off  by  an  eagle.  I  think  "The  Lover's 


Leap  "  and  the  "  Hunter's  Leap  "  must  have  ori- 
ginated in  a  similar  manner.  Can  any  of  your 
correspondents  ascertain  whether  this  is  the  case  ; 
and,  if  it  is,  furnish  me  with  the  details  of  the 
traditions  or  circumstances  in  question  ? 

The  "Lion  and  Adder"  and  the  "Cock  and 
Magpie "  I  suppose  to  have  been  suggested  by 
proverbs  or  fables,  as  in  the  instances  of  the  "  Fox 
and  Grapes,"  "  George  and  Dragon,"  and  others. 
Is  this  so  ? 

The  "  Swan  and  Maidenhead "  is,  I  imagine, 
synonymous  with  "Leda  and  the  Swan." 

T.  LAMPEAY. 


ORIGINAL  LETTER  OF  GEORGE  Fox. — The  fol- 
lowing is  a  literal  copy  of  the  last  leaf  of  a  letter 
in  the  handwriting  of  George  Fox,  the  founder  of 
the  Society  of  Friends,  written  whilst  he  was  in 
confinement  in  Worcester  Jail  to  his  wife  Mar- 
garet Fox.  The  first  leaf  has  been  lost.  This 
manuscript  has  been  for  more  than  a  century  and 
a  half  in  the  possession  of  the  Pemberton  family 
of  this  name,  and  now  belongs  to  Frank  M.  Et- 
ting,'  Esq.  of  this  city  :  — 

"  8  der  to  whom  is  my  loue  &  the  rest  of  frends  &  thy 
Childern  Sarye  &  Suasone  &  der  rachell  i  deser  ther 
groth  iu  the  trouth  &  in  the  wisdom  of  god  that  by  it 
3'ou  may  all  be  orderd  to  his  glory  &  not  to  touch  nothing 
but  the  life  in  any  &  to  be  sepretated  from  the  evell  &  to 
stand  as  noserey  *  consecrated  to  god  that  in  the  life  all 
may  be  a  good  saver  to  god  i  recud  thy  leter  by  1 :  f  & 
another  from  r  :  t  from  londen  &  shee  strangeth  that 
thee  hath  not  writen  to  her  for  shee  &  the  rest  of  london 
frends  generall  thinkes  that  thou  ar  with  mee  in  preson  & 
did  stay  &  not  gon  in  to  the  north  ther  for  thou  should 
wright  to  her  &  them  for  the  oft  rembing  ther  loue  of 
those  tha  was  her  f  &  doe  not  think  that  thou  art  gon 
wee  haue  sent  all  passeges  to  londen  &  t  louer  hath  given 
you  a  count  of  the  seshones.  all  people  disliketh  the 
iuesteses  proceding  &  saith  it  is  like  to  boner  J  &  som 
claped  ther  handes  &  said  it  was  a  snar  soe  be  ouer  all 
&  out  of  all  free  Soe  noe  mor  but  my  loue  g  ff 

«  Woster  gale  mo :  11  day  21  1673 : 

"Wheat  was  the  last  "day  at  seven  &  sixpence  a 
bueshell  &  4  shilens  pease  &  barley  &  woates  2  shilens 
a  bueshell  &  the  poore  people  ar  redy  to  mutany  in  the 
market  her  is  such  a  cry  for  corne  to  make  them  bread 
her  §  was  a  great  ster  with  the  mare  &  the  people  son 
sakes  ||  was  cut  g  ff 

"  but  the  lordes  pouer  is  over  all 

"  &  rie  at  seven  &  this  day  ther  was  a  great  up  rore 
lykes  that  the  mare  &  constables  was  faine  to  sese  the 
people  for  the  ^[  cut  the  bages." 

Endorsed 

"  ffor  M :  ff  these  att  Swarthmoore." 

UNEDA. 

Philadelphia. 

THE  "  SILVER  TROWEL,"  AND  THE  GOLDEN 
SPADE.  —  In  commencing  excavation  for  a  rail- 


*  Nursery. 
§  Here. 


Here. 
Some  sacks. 


J  Bonner. 
1  They. 


IX.  JUNE  16.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


461 


way,  or  any  other  great  engineering  work,  it  is 
usual  to  inaugurate  the  undertaking  by  soliciting 
the  presidency  of  some  distinguished  personage, 
who,  with  a  spade  or  other  instrument  presented 
for  the  occasion,  turns  the  first  sod.  A  few  days 
since  the  "silver  trowel"  was  placed  in  the  hands 
of  Her  Majesty,  who  laid  the  foundation  of  a  new 
church  in  the  parish  of  Whippingham.  This  may 
appear  a  very  trivial  notice  of  a  ceremony  of  so 
common  an  occurrence,  but  most  customs  have 
their  origin,  and  the  one  already  mentioned  may 
possibly  be  an  old  one  revived.  A  Roman  em- 
peror began  the  cutting  of  a  canal  through  the 
Isthmus  of  Corinth  by  turning  the  "first  sod" 
with  a  golden  spade  ;  this  was  only  one  of  his 
many  imperial  freaks,  but  it  furnishes  at  any  rate 
an  ancient  precedent.  F.  PHILLOTT. 

COVERDALE'S  BIBLE. — Lowndes  says  that  there 
are  only  two  perfect  copies  of  this  Bible  :  one  in 
the  British  Museum,  the  other  in  the  library  of 
Lord  Jersey.  I,  therefore,  send  you  the  enclosed 
cutting  from  the  Southern  Times  of  last  December, 
as  some  of  your  readers  may  probably  be  glad  to 
know  that  another  perfect  copy  of  Coverdale's 
Bible  has  been  discovered :  — 

0  INTERESTING  DISCOVERY. 

"  A  few  days  ago,  as  some  workmen  were  pulling  down 
an  old  building  formerly  used  as  a  glebe-house,  and 
lately  in  the  occupation  of  Mr.  William  Eagles,  of  Will- 
scot,  Oxon,  they  came  upon  a  closet  or  oratory,  which 
had  been  bricked  up,  and  the  wall  wainscotted,  to  accord 
with  the  panelling  of  the  room,  of  which  it  formed  a 
part.  This  closet  contained  about  fifty  volumes,  pro- 
bably concealed  therein  during  the  early  days  of  the 
Reformation,  to  evade  the  penalties  attendant  on  the  pos- 
session of  prohibited  books,  and  consisted  chiefly  of  works 
of  controversial  theology,  but  including  a  copy  of  the 
first  edition  of  the  complete  English  Bible,  printed  in 
1535,  commonly  called  Coverdale's  Bible,  which  was  in 
perfect  condition.  Another  of  the  books  is  entitled, 
Admonition  to  the  Faithful  in  England,  by  John  Knox, 
bearing  the  date  1554." 

W.  H.  W.  T. 

MIND  AND  MATTER.  — -  Isaac  Taylor,  in  his 
Physical  Theory  of  Another  Life  (ed.  Bell  &  Daldy, 
1857),  p.  17.  says:  — 

"  The  doctrine  of  the  materialist,  if  it  were  followed 
out  to  its  extreme  consequences,  and  consistently  held,  is 
plainly  atheistic,  and  is  therefore  incompatible  with  any 
and  with  every  form  of  religious  belief.  It  is  so  because, 
in  affirming  that  mind  is  nothing  more  than  the  product  of 
animal  organisation,  it  excludes  the  belief  of  a  pure  and 
uncreated  mind  —  the  cause  of  all  things ;  for  if  there  be 
a  supreme  mind,  absolutely  independent  of  matter,  then, 
unquestionably,  there  may  be  created  minds,  also  inde- 
pendent." 

To  this  it  may  be  added,  that  a  person  who 
asserts  that  Mind  is  the  secretion  of  the  Brain, 
may  be  placed  on  the  same  level  as  a  man  who 
declares  that  one  of  Beethoven's  Sonatas  is  the 
secretion  of  the  piano.  JOHN  PAVIN  PHILLIPS. 

Haverfordwest. 


COWRIE'S  MOTHER. 

As  a  question  on  which  some  light  may  be  thrown 
by  the  readers  of  "  X.  &  Q.,"  may  I  be  allowed  to 
send  the  enclosed  for  insertion  ?  — 

"  Gowrie's  mother,  Dorothea  Stewart,  could  not  have 
been  the  Queen's  daughter,  for  her  Majesty  had  died  in 
1541,  aged  within  a  few  days  of  53;  whereas  Dorothea, 
first  and  only  Countess  of  Cowrie,  had  borne  children,  at 
intervals,  after  1580.  A  son,  whom  Margaret  bore  when 
Dowager,  although  omitted  by  all  our  peerage-writers,  is 
expressly  mentioned,  in  Lord  Methven's  patent  of  crea- 
tion, 15^5,  as  '  uterine  brother '  of  the  royal  donor,  James 
the  Fifth  ;  and,  by  two  credible  and  nearly  contemporary 
authors,  Bishop  Lesley,  and  Hume  of  Godscroft,  for- 
merly stated  to  have  been  slain  at  Pinkey,  in  1547.  'The 
Master  of  Methven,'  as  these  designate  him,  must  have 
been  son  of  the  Queen ;  because  no  son  by  Methven'a 
second  lady  could  have  been  old  enough  to  appear  in 
arms.  Her  Majesty's  second  son,  according  to  the  first 
Viscount  Strathallan,  had  been  born  in  1515,  or  the  fol- 
lowing year;  and,  consequently,  must,  at  his  death,  have 
been  turned  of  thirty.  That  he  was  father  of  the  Coun- 
tess of  Cowrie,  is  stated  by  the  Viscount.  This,  if  we 
mistake  not,  is  the  noble  Author's  meaning ;  although  we 
feel  ourselves  under  the  necessity  of  remarking,  which 
we  do  with  great  deference,  that  Mr.  Scott,  quoting  his 
Lordship's  words  from  a  manuscript  in  the  library  of  the 
Literary  and  Antiquarian  Society  of  Perth,  had,  contrary 
to  his  accustomed  vigilance,  been  lulled  by  the  false 
punctuation,  and  by  the  misnomer  of 'Lord'  for  Master, 
and  did  not  enlist  the  passage  in  his  service  as  he  might 
well  have  done.  Who  the  Countess's  mother  had  been, 
does  not  appear."  (?)  — Extract  from  a  Summary  Review 
of  the  Gowrie  Conspiracy,  written  by  the  Rev.  W.  M'Gre- 
gor  Stirling,  Port  of  Menteitb,  and  presented  by  him  to 
the  Literary  and  Antiquarian  Society  of  Perth. 

That  some  connexion  existed  between  the 
Methuens  and  Ruthuens,  through  Queen  Marga- 
ret Tudor,  has  been  often  asserted.  A  somewhat 
curious  but  trifling  incident  bearing  on  this  be- 
lief is,  that  after  Queen  Margaret's  death,  the 
first  carriage  belonging  to  her  ever  seen  in  Scot- 
land was  found  at  Ruthuen  Castle,  near  Perth. 
I  somewhere  have  an  old  document  stating  this 
circumstance,  of  which,  if  I  can  lay  my  hands  on 
it,  I  will  send  you  a  copy.  A  QUERIST. 


DAME  ANN  PERCY.  —  The  following  is  a  copy  of 
a  monumental  inscription  upon  a  brass  plate  in 
the  parish  church  of  Hessle,  in  the  East  Riding  of 
the  county  of  York  :  — 

"  Here  under  lieth  Dame  An  Percy,  Wyff  to  Syr 
Henri  Percy :  to  him  bair  xvij  Children.  Wich  An 
departed  the  xix  day  of  December,  the  year  of  our  Lord 
MV  &  xi  (1511),  on  wohis  soullis  J'hu  have  merci." 

I  should  feel  obliged  if  any  genealogist  amongst 
your  readers  would  inform  me  who  was  this  Sir 
Henry  Percy  and  Dame  Ann,  his  wife  (i.  e.  her 
maiden  name),  or  any  other  particulars  concern- 
ing them. 

I  presume  that  Sir  Henry  was  a  cadet  of  the 


462 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  JUNE  16.  '60. 


noble  house  of  Percy,  seated  at  that  time  at  Leck- 
onfield  and  Wressel  in  the  before-mentioned 
county ;  but  I  am  at  a  loss  to  discover  their  iden- 
tity, and  the  reason  why  Lady  Percy  was  interred 
at  Hessle.  W.  H.  H. 

HENRY  SNEATH.  — 

"  Youth's  Considering  Glass,  or  Fatherly  Affection 
manifested  by  Scripture  Directions,  for  a  Christian's  Con- 
versation through  the  whole  Course  of  his  Life.  By  H. 
S.  London :  Printed  in  the  Year  1675.  12mo." 

The  above  is  the  title  of  a  book  of  divine  poems, 
consisting  of  fifty-one  chapters,  and  with  a  post- 
script occupying  ninety-six  pages.  The  Preface 
to  the  Reader  (in  verse)  ends  with  the  words 
"your  Friend,  Henry  Sneath."  After  a  long  search, 
I  am  unable  to  find  any  mention  of  this  book  or 
of  its  apparent  author.  Will  some  of  your  more 
experienced  correspondents  oblige  me  with  such 
information  on  these  points  as  they  may  possess  ? 

FlDELIS. 

PROVERBIAL  SAYINGS.  —  Can  you  throw  any 
light  upon  the  following  rather  mysterious  simi- 
lies :  — 

1.  "As  drunk  as  Chloe." 

[This  probably  refers  to  the  lady  so  often  mentioned 
in  Prior's  Poems,  who  was  notorious  for  her  bibacious 
habits.] 

2.  "  As  mad  as  a  hatter." 

They  appear  to  be  quotations  from,  or  refer- 
ences to,  some  play  or  novel  of  a  past  age.  W.  E. 

CAMPBELL'S  "  BATTLE  OF  THE  BALTIC."  —  Is 
there  not  in  print  another  edition  of  Thomas 
Campbell's  Battle  of  the  Baltic,  besides  that  which 
obtains  at  the  present  day,  and  that  "  first  edition" 
of  "  The  Battle  of  Copenhagen,"  printed  in  the 
current  number  of  the  Constitutional  Press  Maga- 
zine (June,  1860)  ?  P.  Q. 

"As  A  SMALL  ACORN,"  ETC.  —  When  I  was  a 
boy,  I  learnt  a  piece  of  poetry  beginning  : 

"  As  a  small  acorn  to  a  forest  grows, 
So  step  by  step  Britannia  rose." 

I  do  not  know  if  the  poem  really  begins  thus,  or 
whether  it  is  an  extract  from  a  larger  poem. 


Where  is  it  to  be  found  ? 


PATER. 


CHARLES  PIGOT,  ESQ.  —  I  request  through  the 
medium  of  your  useful  publication,  to  obtain  in- 
formation where  I  may  find  a  memoir  of  the 
above  gentleman.  He  was  educated  at  Eton,  and 
was  author  of  a  publication,  the  Jockey  Club,  in 
three  parts,  which  appeared  in  1792,  and  which 
had  an  immense  and  very  rapid  sale,  for  I  have  a 
twelfth  edition  of  that  year's  date.  The  aris- 
tocracy of  this  country  was  attacked  in  this  work 
with  great  talent,  but  in  the  most  sarcastic  and 
severe  style.  I  understand  that  Mr.  Pigot  died 
Tuesday  24th  June,  1794,  and  was  buried  in  the 
family  vault  at  Chetwynd  Aston,  Salop.  He  had 


the  prenom  or  sobriquet  of  Pediculus  or  Louse 
Pigot,  which  arose,  I  have  heard,  in  this  manner  : 
he  early  distinguished  himself  as  a  French  scholar, 
and  was  (which  was  then  a  very  rare  accomplish- 
ment) most  completely  and  grammatically  ac- 
quainted with  the  language.  At  that  time  a  book 
was  published  under  the  title  of  Les  Aventures 
cTun  Pou  franqais,  which  he  procured  and  ex- 
pounded to  his  brother  Etonians  ;  but  this  obliging 
service  was  followed  by  an  unlucky  contre-temps ; 
an  ill-natured  schoolfellow  suggested  and  es- 
tablished the  annoying  nickname,  which  adhered 
to  him  through  life.  A. 

TYBURN  GATE. — When  was  Tyburn  Gate  re- 
moved from  the  Oxford  Street  end  of  the  Edgware 
Road  ?  The  iron  tablet  erected  against  the  park 
rails  says  it  stood  there  in  1829 ;  Timbs's  Curiosi- 
ties of  London  says  it  was  removed  from  thence  in 
1824.  Which  is  correct?  W.  T.  M. 

ANONYMOUS  "A  DISCOURSE  VPON  THE  PRESENT 
STATE  OF  FRANCE"  :  Imprinted  1588.  —  This  is  a 
copy  of  the  title-page  of  a  small  4to.  vol.  of  98  pp., 
|  which  came  into  my  possession  a  few  days  since. 
The  centre  of  the  title-page  is  occupied  by  a  large 
woodcut,  with  the  words  "  Vbique  Floret."  Fac- 
ing the  title  is  mounted  an  engraving  of  the  town 
of  "  Reims."  My  Queries  respecting  it  are  :  Is 
anything  known  of  the  author  ?  Where  was  it 
printed  ?  Is  it  a  scarce  work  ?  (It  does  not  ap- 
pear in  Lowndes.)  Perhaps  some  of  your  readers 
can  oblige  me  with  a  reply  to  them.  J.  NIXON. 

"  ALBERIC."  —  Who  is  the  author  of  Alberic, 
Consul  of  Home,  or  the  School  for  Reformers,  an 
Historical  Drama  in  Five  Acts  (Saunders  &  Otley),.. 
London,  1832?  This  piece,  though  published  in 
1832,  seems  to  have  been  begun  many  years  be- 
fore. The  author  quotes  the  favourable  opinion 
of  Dr.  Parr  regarding  his  play.  A.  Z. 

BOOTERSTOWN,  NEAR  DUBLIN. — In  Mr.  G.  R. 

Powell's  Official  Railway  Handbook  to  Bury, 
Kingstown,  the  Coast,  and  the  County  of  Wicklow 
(12mo.  Dublin,  I860),  p.  46.,  the  following  state- 
ment appears :  — 

"  The  district  [Booterstown]  we  are  here  passing  takes 
its  name  from  one  of  the  features  of  a  past  day.  It  was 
originally  called  Freebooterstown,  from  its  being  the  re- 
sort of  these  picturesque  desperadoes." 

The  parish  of  Booterstown  (termed  Ballybotter, 
Ballyboother,  Butterstown,  and  Boterstone  in 
sundry  old  documents),  forms  a  very  flourishing 
portion  of  the  large  Irish  estates  of  the  Right 
Hon.  Sidney  Herbert,  M.P.,  and  is  on  the  road 
from.  Dublin  to  Kingstown  and  Bray,  and  on  the 
southern  coast  of  the  bay  of  Dublin,  the  shores  of 
which  here  assume  a  highly  interesting  and  pic- 
turesque appearance. 

I  am  not  at  all  satisfied  with   Mr.  Powell's 


2«d  S.  IX.  JUNE  16.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


463 


explanation,  which  I  am  persuaded  is  wrong  ;  and 
yet  I  cannot  give  a  better  one.  Will  some  one 
of  your  many  Irish  readers  kindly  assist  me  ? 

ABHBA. 

SEIZE  QUARTIERS.  —  Some  time  since,  a  gentle- 
man named  Bridger,  of  Keppel  Street,  Russell 
Square,  advertised  a  work  on  the  Sixteen  Quar- 
ters, to  be  published  I  believe  by  subscription. 
Can  anyone  give  me  information  as  to  the  work 
and  its  progress  ?  or  whether  Mr.  Bridger  is  still 
living  ?  P.  P. 

"  MOUSQUETAIRES  NOIRS." — In  the  history  of 
the  First  or  Royal  Dragoons  I  read  that  that  re- 
giment captured  the  standard  of  the  "  Mousque- 
taires  noirs"  at  the  battle  of  Dettingen,  in  1743. 
Any  information  about  this  circumstance  would 
be  very  acceptable.  Who  were  the  "Mousque- 
taires  noirs"  ?  Were  they  as  terrible  fellows  as 
the  Black  Brunswickers  ?  TEMPLAR. 

WESTMINSTER  HALL.  —  I  should  feel  exceed- 
ingly obliged  if  any  of  your  correspondents  would 
furnish  me  with  the  correct  admeasurements  of 
Westminster  Hall,  or  say  which  of  the  following 
data  are  to  be  relied  upon  :  — 


According  to  — 
Stowe 


-  270  feet. 

-  74 


Hutton      - 


228 
60 
90 

290 
68 


-  Length     - 
Breadth    - 
Height     - 

-  Length    - 
Breadth   - 
Height     - 

Cunningham  -  Length  - 
Breadth  - 
Height  - 

Timbs  -  -  Length  -  -  -  239 
Breadth  ...  68 
Height  -  -  -  42 

J.  W.  G.  GUTCH. 

SINGLE  SUPPORTER  TO  ARMS. — King  Charles  I. 
is  said  to  have  granted  to  the  Lord  of  the  Manor 
of  Stoke  Lyne,  Oxfordshire,  the  privilege  of  bear- 
ing his  arms  on  the  breast  of  a  hawk,  in  acknow- 
ledgement of  services  rendered  him  in  those 
troublous  times  while  holding  his  Parliament  at 
Oxford.  (Curiosities  of  Heraldry,  p.  142.,  and 
Hone's  Table  Book.) 

Would  MR.  LOWER,  or  some  other  of  your  cor- 
respondents, oblige  me  with  the  name  of  the  family 
thus  honoured  ? 

I  should  be  glad  to  be  informed  of  any  other 
instances,  English  or  foreign,  in  which  a  single 
supporter  has  been  used.  Of  course  I  know  how 
Counts  of  the  Holy  Roman  Empire  bear  their 
arms.  J.  W. 

WM.  RENNELL.  — Notwithstanding  the  dili- 
gence displayed  by  the  compilers  of  the  Biogra- 
phic, Dramatica^  we  occasionally  meet  with  an 
unlucky  dramatist  who  has  been  shut  out  of  the 
record.  One  such  is  William  Rennell,  Esq.,  of 


the  Bengal  Civil  Service,  who  wrote  Experimental 
Philosophy,  or  the  Effects  of  Chemistry,  a  Play  in 
Three  Acts,  Calcutta,  1804.  In  this  Mr.  R.  calls 
himself  author  of  the  Choice  of  a  Wife ;  Maid 
of  the  Cottage,  SfC.,  fyc.,  frc.  Anything  about  him 
or  his  works  will  be  acceptable.  J.  O. 

REV.  J.  LESLIE  ARMSTRONG.— Can  any  of  your 
readers  give*me  any  information  regarding  the 
Rev.  J.  Leslie  Armstrong,  author  of  Scenes  in 
Craven,  Tork,  1835  ?  I  think  he  is  also  the  au- 
thor of  a  curious  volume  of  poems,  having  the 
title  of  Hart  Pearles,  published  about  1847  (?). 

A.  Z. 

REV.  JOHN  WALKER.  —  In  the  Gentleman's 
Magazine,  1807  (pp.  1085.  1170.),  there  is  a  short 
biographical  notice  of  the  Rev.  John  Walker,  vicar 
of  Bawdesey,  Suffolk,  who  died  at  Norwich,  12th 
Nov.  1807.  Mr.  Walker  is  there  described  as 
"  an  admirable  scholar,  and  possessed  of  a  very 
brilliant  imagination  and  most  refined  taste." 
Proposals  were  published  for  printing  his  col- 
lected works.  Can  any  one  who  may  have  seen 
these  "Proposals"  give  me  any  information  re- 
garding those  works  of  Mr.  Walker  which  were 
to  have  appeared  in  this  collected  edition  ?  A.  Z. 

STOLEN  BRASS.  —  A  letter,  of  which  the  follow- 
ing is  the  substance,  appears  in  the  Leicester 
Journal  of  March  30th.  Perhaps  some  correspon- 
dent of  "  N.  &  Q."  can  give  the  required  informa- 
tion :  — 

"  To  the  Editor  of  the  Leicester  Journal. 

"  SIR,  —  Can  any  of  j'our  readers  inform  me  where  the 
brass,  with  the  inscription  given  below,  is  taken  from  ? 
I  found  it  on  a  broker's  stall  in  our  market  a  few  weeks 
ago ;  and  should  be  happy  to  restore  it  to  its  legitimate 
locality.  Yours,  respectfully,  THOS.  F.  SARSON." 

" '  Here  lyeth  bvryed  Ye  body  of  Rob. 
Le  Grys,  Esqr.,  sometimes  Lord  &  Pa- 
tron  of  this  CHVRCH,  sone  to  Christo- 
pher Le  Grys,  Esqr.    He  marryed  Svsan, 
Daughter  &  Coheir  to  Tho.  Ayre,  Esqr., 
by  whom  he  had  issue  Christopher, 
dyed  the  9th  of  Februarie,  158-.' 
"  The  last  figure  in  the  year  is  too  much  defaced  to  be 
distinguished." 

P.  J.  F.  GATSTILLON. 


"LoGic:  OR,  THE  CHESTNUT  HORSE."  —  Who 
was  the  author  of  a  humorous  piece  entitled  "  The 
Chestnut  Horse,"  and  beginning  : 

"  An  Eton  stripling  training  for  the  law, 
A  dunce  at  syntax,  but  a  dab  at  taw"?  — 

And  where  is  it  to  be  found  ?  S.  B. 

[This  amusing  piece  will  be  found  in  Scrapiana,  or 
Elegant  Extracts  of  Wit,  edit.  1819,  p.  377.,  where  it  is 
entitled  "  Logic."  The  authorship  was  inquired  after  in 
our  2nd  S.  v.  414.  We  have  heard  it  attributed  to  George 
Colman,  Jun.] 


464 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  JUNE  16.  '60. 


HENRY  CANTRELL,  M.A. —  In  the  years  1713, 
1714,  was  a  discussion  on  baptism  and  ordination, 
in  which  Mr.  Cantrell  of  Derby  joined.  Wanted, 
the  titles,  authors,  dates,  places,  and  printers  of 
the  books  on  the  subject — this  Query  having 
more  special  reference  to  Nottingham  and  Derby. 

A  tract  of  the  last-named  year,  printed  at  Not- 
tingham, is  in  my  possession  ;  and  a  Round  volume 
was  for  sale  in  one  of  Mr.  Kerslake's  catalogues, 
a  short  time  ago,  but  that  gentleman  can  give  no 
farther  information.  S.  F.  CRESWELL. 

The  School,  Tonbridge,  Kent. 

[We  have  only  met  with  the  following  works  on  this 
controversy :  —  1.  The  Invalidity  of  the  Lay-Baptisms  of 
Dissenting  Teachers,  proved  from  Scripture  and  Anti- 
quity, and  from  the  Judgment  of  the  Church  of  England  ; 
in  Answer  to  a  late  Pamphlet  by  Mr.  Shaw,  intituled,  The 
Validity  of  Baptism  administered  by  Dissenting  Minis- 
ters. To  which  is  added,  A  Vindication  of  the  Clergy's 
refusal  to  read  the  Burial  Office  over  unbaptized  Persons. 
With  a  Letter  from  the  Rev.  Mr.  Harris.  By  H.  Can- 
trell, M.A.  8vo.  Nottingham.  1714.  — 2.  The  Royal 
Martyr,  or  True  Christian,  or  a  Confutation  of  a  late  As- 
sertion, viz.  that  King  Charles  I.  had  only  the  Lay-Bap- 
tism of  a  Presbyterian  Teacher :  with  an  Account  of  the 
Government  of  the  Church  of  Scotland  since  the  Reform- 
ation, shewing  that  Presbytery  is  an  Innovation  in  that 
Kingdom.  To  which  is  added,  a  Particular  Relation  of 
the  Solemnity  of  Charles  I.  his  Baptism,  from  the  Heralds' 
Office  in  Edinburgh:  and  a  Preface  in  Reply  to  Mr. 
Shaw's  Defence  of  the  Validity  of  the  Baptisms  of  Dis- 
senting Ministers.  By  H.  Cantrell,  M.A.  8vo.  Lond. 
1716.— 3.  An  Apology  for  the  Foreign  Protestant  Churches 
having  no  Episcopacy ;  and  an  Answer  to  the  unchris- 
tian and  uncharitable  Principles  of  Henry  Cantrell,  to- 
gether with  a  Short  Account  of  the  Valdences  and 
Albigences.  8vo.  Lond.  1717.] 

NUMAO. — While  travelling  in  Portugal  last  year, 
I  happened  to  stumble  upon  the  remains  of  a  large 
fortified  town  that  excited  my  curiosity  ;  and  as  I 
have  vainly  endeavoured  to  discover  anything 
about  it,  I  now  try,  through  your  columns,  if  any 
of  your  readers  can  help  me.  The  present  name 
of  this  fortification  is  Namao.  It  is  situated  about 
twenty  miles  E.S.E.  of  S.  Joao  de  Pesqueira,  and 
consists  of  a  high  wall  built  of  large  rectangular 
ashlars,  surrounding  an  uneven  space  of  ground 
covered  with  ruins  of  about  three  quarters  of  a 
mile  square,  and  must  have  been  a  place  of  no 
small  importance.  The  natives,  as  is  usual  in 
such  cases,  knew  nothing  about  it,  and  I  could  get 
no  information  concerning  it  anywhere,  and  Mur- 
ray passes  it  over  most  unceremoniously,  while 
he  suggests  it  may  be  the  ancient  Numantium !! 
I  have  heard  it  said  somewhere  that  this  Namao 
was  the  last  stronghold  held  by  the  Templars  in 
Europe ;  and  I  should  be  very  glad  of  any  in- 
formation, especially  on  this  last  point.  TEMPLAR. 

[In  Map  51.  of  the  Maps  of  the  Useful  Knowledge 
Society,  Numao  appears  as  "  Nomao  Muxagata,"  in  the 
Province  of  Beira,  and  a  little  to  the  S.  of  the  Douro. 
In  Bluteau's  Vocabulario,  also,  it  is  "  Nomao"  Bluteau 
calls  it  a  "  Villa  de  Portugal,"  as  if,  when  he  wrote 
(1716),  it  was  still  a  place  of  human  habitation.  He 


states  that,  in  a  "  foral "  granted  to  Nomao  by  King 
Diniz,  it  is  called  Monforte.  J.  B.  de  Castro,  in  his 
Mappa  de  Portugal,  1762,  vol.  i.  p.  24.,  calls  it  "  Nemao" 
According  to  our  own  impression,  the  much-contested 
site  of  the  famous  Numantia  was  nearer  the  sources  of 
the  Douro.  De  Castro,  however  (««  supra),  states  that 
the  identity  of  "Nemao"  with  "Numancia"  has  been 
strenuously  maintained  by  Brito,  Brandao,  Cardoso,  and 
J.  Salgado  de  Araujo,  though  ably  contested  by  the  P.  Ar- 
gote.  Bluteau,  also,  says  that  Nomao  is  supposed  to  be 
the  ancient"  Numancia.''  We  regret  that  we  are  unable 
to  afford  any  information  respecting  the  supposed  con- 
nexion of  Numao  with  the  Templars.] 

BISHOPS  JOLLY  AND  KIDDER.  —  1.  Where  may 
the  anecdote  be  found  which  connects  Bp.  Jolly's 
death  with  Button's  Disce  Mori  ? 

2.  Who  is  it  that  says  of  Bp.  Kidder  — 

"  He  was  a  very  clear,  elegant,  and  learned  writer,  and 
on%of  the  best  divines  of  his  time." 

J.  A.  STAVERTON. 
Henfield,  Sussex. 

[1.  "  The  last  book  which  the  venerable  Bishop  Jolly 
had  in  his  hand  the  evening  before  his  death,  was  the 
treatise  of  Christopher  Sutton,  Disce  Mori,  Learn  to  Die." 
—  The  Episcopal  Mag.,  Sept.  1838,  p.  289.  The  passage 
will  also  probably  be  found  in  Bp.  Walker's  Memoir,  pre- 
fixed to  Bp.  Jolly's  Sunday  Services,  2d  edit,  1839. 

2.' The  passage  relating  to  Bp.  Kidder  is  the  conclud- 
ing sentence  of  his  Life  in  the  Biographia  Britannica."} 

FANSHAW'S  "  IL  PASTOR  FIDO." — Wanted,  some 
particulars  of  the  early  editions  of  Fanshaw's  II 
Pastor  Fido,  with  the  dates.  Am  I  right  in  think- 
ing that  1647,  1648,  are  the  dates  of  the  two  first  ? 

K. 

[The  earliest  edition  of  Fanshaw's  translation  of  11 
Pastor  Fido  is  that  of  Lond.  1647,  4to.,  with  portrait  of 
Guarini;  republished,  Lond.  1648,  4to.,  with  frontispiece 
by  Cross,  and  portrait  of  Guarini ;  again  in  1664,  8vo. ; 
and  in  1676,  8vo.,  with  an  addition  of  divers  other  poems, 
concluding  with  a  short  Discourse  of  the  long  Civil 
Wars  of  Rome.  After  two  Dedications  to  Charles  IL, 
when  Prince  of  Wales,  to  whom  Sir  Richard  Fanshaw 
was  secretary,  are  commendatory  verses  to  the  translator, 
by  Sir  John  Denham.  The  edition  of  1736,  12mo.,  has 
the  Italian  as  well  as  the  English  translation.] 

RAPPEE.  — Will  anyone  be  good  enough  to  give 
the  origin  of  the  word  rappee^  as  applied  to 

SNUFF. 

[We  are  indebted  for  the  term  rappee,  (which  properly 
signifies  a  coarse-grained  snuff,  to  the  French  rape,  or 
tabac  rape,  which,  strictly  speaking,  is  tobacco  reduced  to 
powder  by  means  of  the  rape,  formerly  raspe,  an  instru- 
ment employed  for  that  purpose.  The  French  have  not 
only  the  rape  a  tabac  for  snuff-making,  but  the  rape  a 
poivre  for  pepper,  &c.  To  account  for  the  use  of  the  rape 
in  making  snuff,  it  is  requisite  to  bear  in  mind  that  the 
leafy  parts  of  the  tobacco  are  employed  in  the  manufac- 
ture of  cigars  (if  genuine),  while  the  veins  and  stalks  are 
thrown  aside  to  do  duty  as  snuff.  Hence  the  need  of  the 
rape,  raspe,  or  some  other  instrument  answering  the 
same  purpose.  Hence  also  the  woody  feeling,  resembling 
saw-dust,  so  observable  in  some  snuffs,  and  so  un pleasing 
to  discriminative  snuff-takers.  With  the  Fr.  noun  rape 
and  verb  rdper,  cf.  Sw.  and  D.  rasp,  G.  raspel,  raspeln,  &c., 
as  well  as  our  own  rasp,  It.  raspa,  raspare,  Sp.  raspar, 
&c.] 


2ud  S.  IX.  JUNE  16.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


465 


ARISTOPHANES  :  "  THE  LYSISTBATES."  —  There 
is  a  translation  of  The  Lysistrutes  in  the  Harleian 
MS.  6476.  Who  is  the  author  of  this  translation, 
and  is  the  date  known  ?  A.  Z. 

[Obadiah  Ockly  is  the  translator,  and  the  handwriting 
appears  to  be  that  of  the  close  of  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury.] 


THE  M'AULAYS  OF  ARDIXCAPLE. 

(2nd  S.  ix.  86.) 

In  compliance  with  a  promise  made  in  a  former 
number  of  your  useful  publication,  I  beg  to  sub- 
mit the  following  Notes  concerning  the  ancient 
family  of  Ardincaple.  The  original  surname 
appears  to  have  been  simply  Ardincaple,  —  a  word 
signifying  in  the  Gaelic  "the  promontory  of  the 
mare,"  and  corresponding  exactly  with  a  conspic- 
uous feature  of  their  lands  on  the  shores  of  the 
Gareloch,  Dumbartonshire.  Maurice  de  Ardin- 
caple was  among  those  who  swore  allegiance  to 
Edward  I.  Another  of  the  name,  Arthur,  proba- 
bly a  brother,  is  one  of  the  witnesses  to  a  charter 
granted  by  Maldouin,  Earl  of  Lennox,  towards 
the  close  of  the  thirteenth  century.  After  this 
the  descent  is  involved  in  very  great  obscurity 
till  1473,  when  Alexander  de  Ardincaple  ap- 
pears as  serving  on  the  inquest  of  the  Earl  of 
Monteith.  He  seems  to  have  lived  at  least  till 
1493.  Aulay  de  Ardincaple  was  invested,  on  a 
precept  from  John,  Earl  of  Lennox,  in  the  five 
pound  land  of  Faslane,  adjoining  Ardincaple,  in 
1518,  and  with  his  wife,  Katherine  Cunningham, 
had  seisin  of  the  twenty  shilling  lands  of  Ardin- 
caple in  1525.  The  public  registers  of  Scotland 
show  him  to  have  been  possessed  of  various  other 
properties  in  Dumbartonshire.  By  the  above 
Katherine  Cunningham  he  had  at  least  one  son, 
Alexander,  who  succeeded,  but  left  no  issue  ;  and 
by  a  second  wife,  Elizabeth  Knox,  whom  he  mar- 
ried prior  to  1528,  he  had  among  other  children 
Walter,  who  seems  to  have  been  the  first  who 
assumed  the  surname  of  M'Aulay,  and  Aulay  who 
carried  on  the  succession.  Notices  of  various 
members  of  the  family  at  this  time  will  be  found 
in  Pitcairn's  Criminal  Trials.  The  theory  of  de- 
scent most  in  harmony  with  the  known  facts  of 
the  M' Aulay  genealogy  traces  them  up  to  a 
younger  son  of  the  second  Alwyn,  Earl  of  Len- 
nox ;  but  an  agreement  entered  into  by  the  Aulay 
last  mentioned  with  the  chief  of  the  Clangregor 
in  1591  indicates  descent  from  quite  another 
stem.  A  transcript  of  the  "  Bond,"  as  it  is  called, 
exists  in  the  Register  House,  Edinburgh :  it  will 
probably  be  new  to  many  of  your  readers,  though 
printed  recently  in  The  History  of  Dumbarton- 
shire from  a  copy  made  by  the  Rev.  W.  Macgregor 
Stirling  for  the  late  James  Dennistoun,  Esq.,  of 
Dennistoun.  In  explanation  of  the  "Bond,"  and 


as  detracting  from  its  value  in  a  genealogical  point 
of  view,  it  may  be  explained  that  the  Macgregors, 
about  the  period  it  refers  to,  were  busy  cement- 
ing alliances  wherever  they  could  be  formed,  with 
a  view  no  doubt  to  strengthen  them  in  those 
excesses  which  culminated  at  Glenfruin  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1603.  As  may  be  seen  from  Douglas's 
Baronage  an  alliance  of  a  similar  nature  had  been 
entered  into  in  1571  between  Macgregor  of  that 
Ilk  and  Lauchlan  Mackinnon  of  Strathardill. 
The  "Bond"  with  M'Aulay  of  Ardincaple  is  to 
the  following  effect :  — 

"Be  it  kend  till  all  men  he  thir  presents  Letters  Us 
Alexander  M'Gregor  of  Glenstray  on  the  ane  part  and 
Awly  M'Cawley  of  Ardingapill  on  the  other  part  under- 
standing ourselfs  and  our  name  to  be  M'Calppins  of  auld 
and  to  be  our  just  and  trew  surname  whereof  we  are  all 
curnin  and  the  said  Alexander  to  be  the  eldest  brother  and 
his  predecessors  for  the  qlk  cause  I  the  said  Alexander 
takand  burden  upon  me  for  my  surname  and  frynds  to 
fortifie  mentyne  and  assist  the  said  Awly  M'CawJay  his 
kyn  and  frynds  in  all  their  honest  actions  against  quhat- 
sumevir  personne  or  personnes  the  Kinges  Magesty  being 
only  except  And  syklyke  I  the  said  Awlay  M'Cawlay 
of  Ardingapill  taking  the  burdand  on  me  for  my  kin  and 
frynds  to  fortifie  assist  and  partak  with  the  said  Alex- 
ander and  his  frynds  as  cumin  of  his  house  to  the  uter- 
mist  of  our  powers  against  quhatsumevir  personne  or 
personnes  in  his  honest  actiounes  the  Kings  Majestie  being 
only  except  And  further  quhen  or  quhat  tyme  it  sail 
happin  the  said  Alexander  to  have  ane  wychte  or  honest 
caws  requesitt  to  hayff  the  advise  of  his  kinsmen  and 
special  frynds  cumin  of  his  house  I  the  said  Awlay  as 
brenche  of  his  hous  shall  be  redde  to  cum  quhair  it  sail 
happin  him  to  haif  to  do  to  gyff  counsall  and  assistance 
efter  my  power  And  syklyke  I  the  said  Alexander 
Binds  and  Oblisses  me  quhen  it  sail  happin  the  said  Aw- 
lay to  haiff  the  counsall  and  assistances  of  the  said  Alex- 
ander and  his  frynds  that  he  sal  be  redde  to  assist  the 
said  Awlay  and  cum  to  him  where  it  sail  happin  him  to 
hayf  to  do  as  cuming  of  his  hous  Provydin  Always  albeit 
the  said  Alexander  and  his  predecessors  be  the  eldest 
brother  the  said  Awlay  M'Cawlay  to  haiff  his  awin 
libertie  of  the  name  of  M'Cawlay  as  Chyffe  and  to  uplift 
his  Calpe  as  his  predecessors  did  of  befoir  And  the  said 
Awlay  grantis  me  to  give  to  the  said  Alexander  ane 
Calpe  at  the  cleceas  of  me  in  syng  and  takin  as  cumin  of 
his  hous  he  doying  therefoir  as  becumes  as  to  the  princi- 
pal of  his  hous  And  we  the  said  parties  Binds  and 
Oblisses  everie  ane  of  us  to  utheris  be  the  fayth'and 
trewthis  in  our  bodies  and  undir  the  pain  of  perjurie  and 
Defamatioun  At  Ardingapill  the  xxvij  day  of  Maij 
the  zeir  of  God  jm  vc  fourscoir  alewin  zeirs  ^Before  yr 
witnesses  Duncan  Campbell  of  Ardintenny  Alexander 
M'Gregour  of  Ballmeanoch  Duncan  Tosache  of  Pittene 
Matthew  M'Cawlay  of  Stuk  Awlay  M'Cawlay  of  Dar- 
lyne  Duncan  Bayne  M'rob  with  uthers  (Signed)  Awlay 
M'Cawlay  of  Ardingapill  Al:  M'Gregour  of  Glenstre 
Duncan  Tosach  of  Pittene  witnes  Matthew  M'Cawlay  of 
Stuk  witnes  Alexr  M'Cawlay  witnes." 

Implicated  as  M'Aulay  thus  was  with  the  tur- 
bulent proceedings  of  the  unhappy  Clangregor, 
he  seems  to  have  found  means  of  escaping  from 
the  savage  vengeance  directed  against  them  after 
their  conflict  with  the  Colquhouns  at  Glenfruin. 
The  reader  of  Pitcairn's  Trials  will  recollect  that 
Macgregor  of  Glenstrae  in  the  course  of  his  con- 


466 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX  JUNE  16.  '60. 


fession  declares  that  the  Earl  of  Argyll  "  did  all 
his  craftie  diligence  to  intyse  me  to  slay  and  de- 
stroy the  Laird  of  Ardinkaipill,  the  quhilk  I  did 
refuse,  in  respect  of  my  faithfull  promeis  maid  to 
M'kallay  of  befor."  Glenstrae's  confession  cer- 
tainly exhibits  throughout  strong  animus  against 
his  captor  Argyll,  but  the  hostility  of  the  latter 
to  his  neighbour,  the  Laird  of  Ardincaple,  is  borne 
out  by  an  entry  in  the  books  of  the  Lord  Trea- 
surer under  date  Nov.  1602  :  — 

"Item.  To  Patrick  M'Omeis,  messinger  passand  of 
Edinburghe,  with  Lettres  to  charge  Ard  Earl  of  Argyle 
to  compeir  personallie  befoir  the  Counsall  the  xvj  daj'  of 
December  nixt,  to  ansuer  to  sic  things  as  salbe  inquirit 
at  him,  tuiching  his  lying  at  await  for  the  Laird  of  Ar- 
dincapill,  vpoune  set  purpois  to  have  slane  him, — xvj 
lib" 

When  Argyll  sought  to  direct  the  sharp  power 
of  the  law  against  M'Aulay,  the  latter  was  attend- 
ing the  Duke  of  Lennox  in  the  train  of  King 
James,  then  journeying  to  London  to  ascend  the 
vacant  throne.  In  conformity  with  representa- 
tions made  by  Lennox,  a  royal  precept  was  is- 
sued commanding  the  justice-general  and  his 
deputies  to  "desert  the  dyet"  against  M'Aulay, 
as  he  was  altogether  free  and  innocent  of  the 
crimes  alleged  against  him.  In  the  Records  of 
Secret  Council  is  a  minute  regarding  the  joint 
application  of  Lennox  and  M'Aulay  to  the  king, 
dated  at  Dunfermline,  28th  April,  1602.  Ardin- 
caple afterwards  obtained  the  honour  of  knight- 
hood, though  his  conduct  was  not  free  from  suspi- 
cion, as  appears  from  a  bond  of  caution  entered 
into  on  his  account  on  the  8th  September,  1610. 
He  was  twice  married,  but  died  in  December, 
1617,  without  issue.  In  accordance  with  a  scheme 
of  succession  settled  in  1614,  Sir  Aulay  was  suc- 
ceeded in  the  property  by  his  cousin  Alexander, 
and  with  whose  grandson,  Aulay,  began  the  de- 
cline of  the  family.  He  alienated  a  considerable 
portion  of  the  estate,  and  burdened  the  remainder 
to  maintain  his  wasteful  expenditure.  Among  other 
children  Aulay  had  a  daughter,  Jane,  married 
to  Sir  James  Smollett  of  Bonhill,  father  of  Archi- 
bald of  Dalquhurn,  and  grandfather  of  the  author 
of  Roderick  Random*  Archibald,  the  successor 
of  Aulay,  was  one  of  the  Commissioners  of  Justi- 
ciary appointed  for  trying  the  adherents  of  the 
Covenant  in  Dumbartonshire.  His  son  Aulay 
sold  the  Laggarie  and  Blairvadden  portions  of  the 
estate  to  Dr.  George  M'Aulay  of  London,  re- 
puted to  be  a  cadet  of  the  family.  A  nephew  of 

*  This  seems  a  not  inappropriate  place  to  correct  a 
slight  error  committed  by  the  writer  of  an  interesting 
article  on  Tobias  Smollett  in  the  Quarterly  Review,  No. 
205.  The  novelist's  grandfather  is  there  said  to  have 
been  married  to  a  daughter  of  Sir  Aulay  M'Aulay  of 
Ardincaple,  Bart.  There  was  no  baronet  of  the  name  up 
to  Smollett's  time,  and  the  only  title  of  honour  we  have 
been  able  to  discover  in  the  family  was  the  knighthood 
bestowed  on  the  Aulay  mentioned  above.  Smollett's 
great-grandfather  was  simply  Aulay  M'Aulay. 


the  same  name  sold  the  last  remnant  of  the  once 
wide  paternal  inheritance.  From  the  dismantled 
condition  of  the  old  castle  of  Ardincaple  longer 
residence  in  it  was  impossible,  and  this  Aulay, 
the  last  of  the  old  stock  of  Ardincaple,  sought  a 
shelter  for  his  houseless  head  at  Laggarie,  where 
he  died  about  1767.  I  have  not  been  able  to 
trace  the  main  line  of  the  family  after  this,  though 
it  may  be  quite  correct,  as  stated  by  your  corre- 
spondent I.  M.  A.,  that  the  representation  of  this 
ancient  house  devolved  upon  John  M'Aulay, 
Town  Clerk  of  Dumbarton  about  the  close  of  last 
century.  At  least  one  of  his  daughters  and  a 
number  of  grand-children  still  survive.  The  sur- 
name is  of  frequent  occurrence  throughout  Dum- 
bartonshire, but  I  have  not  been  able  to  connect 
any  of  those  who  bear  it  with  what  I  consider  the 
parent  house  of  Ardincaple.  A  correspondent 
in  Coleraine  has  been  good  enough  to  draw  my 
attention  to  a  certain  Alexander  M'Aulay,  a  ma- 
jor in  the  Scotch  army  of  Charles  I.  in  Ulster, 
whose  gravestone  still  exists  in  the  burying-ground 
of  Layd,  county  Antrim.  He  appears  to  have 
been  married  to  Alice  Stewart  of  Ballinloy,  and 
may  not  improperly  be  regarded  as  the  founder 
of  the  present  Irish  branch  of  the  family  of  Ardin- 
caple. JOSEPH  IE v ING. 
Dumbarton. 


NATHANIEL  HOOKE. 

(2nd  S.  ix.  427.) 

The  answer  to  your  correspondent  (p.  427)  is  not 
altogether  satisfactory.  Lockhart  speaks  of  "  one 
Hookes,"  the  agent  of  the  old  Pretender,  and  tells 
us  that  he  had  been  chaplain  to  the  Duke  of 
Monmouth  ;  had  afterwards  turned  Roman  Ca- 
tholic, and  that  in  1705  he  was  a  colonel  and  com- 
mander of  a  regiment  of  foot  in  the  French  army. 
This  Hooke?,  in  the  letter  to  M.  Chamillard  pub- 
lished in  his  Secret  History,  signs  himself  simply 
"  Hoocke,"  which  makes  it  not  improbable  that  he 
had  been  created  a  peer  at  St.  Germains,  and  that 
the  document  sold  among  the  Betham  MSS.  was 
the  patent  of  his  creation.  But  that  this  Hoocke, 
of  whom  we  lose  all  trace  after  1708  —  this  chaplain 
of  1 685,  this  colonel  commanding  a  regiment  in  1705, 
this  busy,  stirring,  intriguing  politician  of  1708 — 
should  turn  out  to  be  the  quiet,  amiable,  studious, 
laborious  historian,  first  heard  of  in  1722,  and  who 
died  so  late  as  1764,  does  seem  to  me  in  the 
greatest  degree  improbable.  How  too,  if  they 
were  the  same,  could  the  son  of  the  historian  re- 
ply, when  applied  to  for  materials  for  a  memoir  of 
his  father,  that  his  father  had  "lived  always  a 
very  private  life,  distinguished  by  no  peculiar  or 
remarkable  event  ?  "  Is  it  not  more  probable  that 
the  historian  was  the  son  of  the  titular  lord? 
When  we  first  hear  of  him  he  was  engaged  in 
translating  from  the  French  the  Life  of  the  Arch- 


2"<l  S.  IX.  JUNE  16.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


467 


bishop  of  Cambray  ;  and  may  not  this  explain  the 
silence  of  both  father  and  son  as  to  the  antece- 
dents of  the  former.  The  subject  is  not  without 
interest,  and  I  hope  we  may  obtain  some  informa- 
tion from  its  discussion  in  "  N.  &  Q."  N.  H.  T. 

I  am  personally  obliged  to  ABHBA  for  his  Note 
of  the  Patent  of  James  III.  creating  "Nathaniel" 
Hooke  a  Peer  of  Ireland,  of  which  I  never  before 
heard ;  and  should  be  more  so  if  he  or  any  other 
correspondent  could  tell  me  into  whose  hands  this 
patent  passed  at  Sir  William  Betham's  sale*,  as  I 
much  doubt  whether  Colonel  Hooke's  name  was 
"  Nathaniel."  So  far  as  I  know  none  of  my  family 
bore  that  name,  except  the  Historian,  and  he  cer- 
tainly was  not  the  celebrated  "  Colonel  Hooke." 
Through  the  kindness  and  research  of  my  friend 
Mr.  Tottenham  of  Dublin,  who  sent  me  extracts 
from  the  books  of  Trinity  College,  and  from  some 
old  wills  in  the  Court  of  Probate  in  Dublin,  I  find 
that  Nathaniel  Hooke,  the  Historian,  was  born  in 
the  county  of  Dublin  in  the  year  1664,  and  was 
the  second  son  of  John  Hooke  of  Drogheda.  At 
the  age  of  fifteen  he  entered  Trinity  College  as  a 
pensioner  on  the  26th  July,  1679.  His  elder 
brother  John  had  previously  entered  that  college 
as  a  pensioner  in  the  year  1641.  Their  grand- 
father or  uncle  was,  I  believe,  Thomas  Hooke, 
Alderman  of  Dublin,  to  whom  a  grant  of  617  acres 
of  land  in  the  Barony  of  Tarbullagh  in  the  county 
of  Westmeath,  and  of  forty-two  acres  of  land  in 
the  Barony  of  Orier  in  the  county  of  Armagh,  was 
made  by  Charles  II.,  under  the  Acts  of  Settlement 
in  1666.  But  there  being  no  less  than  three 
Thomas  Hookes  whose  wills  were  proved  about 
the  same  date,  —  the  Alderman's  in  1672,  another 
Thomas  Hooke,  D.D.  of  Dangham  Shedrey,  county 
Kilkenny,  in  the  same  year,  and  a  third,  Thomas 
Hooke,  a  merchant  of  Dublin,  whose  will  was 
proved  in  1675,  it  is  difficult  to  ascertain  the  rela- 
tionship these  persons  bore  to  each  other.  It  ap- 
pears, however,  that  the  alderman  had  three  sons, 
John,  Thomas,  and  Peter,  and  therefore  Nathaniel's 
father  was  probably  the  first  son  of  the  alderman. 
The  colonel,  however,  could  not  have  been  the 
Historian.  He  (the  colonel)  was  a  student  at 
Glasgow  in  1680  under  a  Mr.  Nicholson,  whom  he 
met  subsequently  in  Edinburgh  in  1705,  and  who 
was  then  bishop  and  apostolical  vicar  in  Scotland. 

I  also  doubt  whether  the  colonel  was  pardoned 
in  1688,  for  he  mentions  in  a  MS.  account  of  his 
Second  Journey  to  Scotland  in  1705,  which  is  in 
the  British  Museum,  that  he  and  the  Duke  of 
Hamilton  had  been  fellow-prisoners  in  the  Tower 
in  the  year  1689. 

Lockhart's  Account  is  not  to  be  implicitly  relied 
on,  as  he  and  the  colonel  were  each  partisans  of 
the  two  great  parties  in  Scotland  — the  Presbyte- 
rians and  the  Jacobites  —  but  Lockhart  not  only 

[*  It  was  purchased  by  Sir  Thomas  Phillipps.— Ep.] 


says  that  the  colonel  was  a  "vain  pragmatical 
fellow,"  but  he  adds,  "  and  in  conversation  a  man 
of  good  enough  sense,  but  extremely  vain  and 
haughty,  and  not  very  circumspect  in  the  man- 
agement of  so  great  a  trust,  being  rash  and  incon- 
siderate." 

From  Colonel  Hooke's  Account  of  his  two  jour- 
neys to  Scotland  the  contrary  appears  to  have  been 
the  case,  for  he  seems  to  have  been  very  success- 
ful in  his  negociations  with  the  Duke  of  Hamilton, 
the  Earl  of  Errol,  Lord  Panmure,  and  the  other 
Jacobite  lords,  though  he  was  foiled  in  the  imme- 
diate object  of  his  journey  by  the  want  of  unity 
among  those  chiefs,  and  by  the  intrigues  of  the 
Duke  of  Hamilton,  who,  being  himself  a  Stuart, 
hoped  to  succeed  to  the  Scottish  throne.  With 
respect  to  Nathaniel  Hooke,  he  married  in 
Dublin,  and  brought  over  his  two  sons  Thomas 
and  Lucius  Joseph  to  England,  and  settled  in 
London  about  the  year  1717,  when  he  ventured 
all  he  possessed  in  the  South  Sea  scheme,  and  was 
ruined.  It  is  probable  that  after  leaving  Trinity 
College  he  went  to  France  to  complete  his  educa- 
tion, for  his  knowledge  of  the  French  language 
enabled  him  to  maintain  himself  and  family  by 
translating  French  works,  until,  through  the  pa- 
tronage of  Lord  Chesterfield  and  Pope,  he  was 
recommended  to  the  Duchess  of  Marlborough,  and 
by  her  gift  of  5000J.  and  the  copyright  of  her 
Memoirs  he  sufficiently  .established  himself,  and 
was  enabled  in  his  old  age  to  retire  to  Cookhain 
in  Berks,  where  he  died  on  the  22nd  July,  1763, 
aged  ninety-nine. 

"  Annorum  plenus  et  vere  pius,"  as  Lord  Bos- 
ton truly  states  on  the  tablet  erected  by  him  to 
Hooke's  memory  thirty-seven  years  afterwards  on 
the  outside  of  the  pretty  little  church  of  Hedsor, 
where  he  requested  he  might  be  buried.  This  in- 
scription may  perhaps  be  worth  recording.  It  is 
as  follows : 

"  Juxta  hunc  tumulum  corpus  deponi  jussit 
Nathaniel  Hooke, 

Armiger, 
qui  multiplici  literarum  varietate,  et  studio  eruditus, 

.Romanic  Historiae  auctor  celebratus  emicuit ; 
de  literis  vero  quantum  meruit,  edita  usque  testabuntur 

opera. 

Ex  vita  demigravit  annorum  plenus,  et  vere  pius, 

vicesimo  secundo  die  Julii,  Anno  Domini  1763. 

Ad  cineres  Patris  sui  pariter  requiescit  corpus  filise  di- 

Jectissimae 

Janas  Maria?  Hooke, 

cujus  animaB  propitietur  Deus. 

Sexagenaria  obiit  vicesimo  octavo  die  Aprilis, 

Anno  Domini  1793. 
Hoc  Amicitiae  Testimonium  ponere  voluit 

Fredericus,  Baro  de  Boston,  1801. 

Cui  omnia  Unum  sunt,  et  omnia  ad  Unum  trahit, 

et  omnia  in  uno  videt,  potest  stabilis  corde 

esse,  et  in  Deo  pacih'cus  permanere. 

'  0  Veritatis  Deus,  fac  me  Unum 

Tecum  in  Cbaritate  perpetua.' 

De  Imit  Christi,  lib.  i.  cap.  3. 
N.  H.  1763." 


468 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  JUNE  16.  '60. 


A  portrait  of  Nathaniel  Hooke  may  be  seen  in 
the  National  Portrait  Gallery,  presented  by  the 
present  Lord  Boston.  Hooke's  library  after  his 
death  became  the  property  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Stan- 
hope. His  elder  brother,  John,  also  came  to  Eng- 
land, and  was  a  serjeant-at-law  of  the  English  bar 
in  1703.  From  the  Serjeant's  coat  of  arms,  the 
plate  of  which  I  possess  engraved  in  that  year,  it 
appears  that  his  family  was  a  junior  branch  of  the 
Hookes  of  Bramshot  in  Hants,  who  were  descended 
from  Sir  Richard  Hooke  of  "  Hooke "  in  York- 
shire, who  accompanied  Edward  I.  in  his  wars 
against  the  Scots,  1290-1300. 

I  will  send  you  a  few  Notes  of  that  family,  and 
of  that  of  the  Hookes  of  Alway  in  Devon,  and 
shall  be  happy  to  receive  information  from  any  of 
your  learned  correspondents  who  will  favour  me 
with  references  to  any  works  or  memoranda  relat- 
ing to  these  ancient  families,  both  of  which  are, 
I  believe,  extinct.  NOEL  HOOKE  ROBINSON. 


DIBDIN'S  SONGS. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  380.) 

I  thought,  and  still  think,  that  it  was  hardly 
just  or  true  to  say  that  Dibdin's  Sea  Songs  were 
"  never  generally  accepted  by  sailors."  The  proof 
that  they  were  not  seems  to  be  in"  two  points  : 
(1.)  That  S.  H.  M.  never  knew  them  to  be  so, 
and  (2.)  That  their  erroneous  sea  slang  makes  it 
impossible  that  they  ever  could  be  so.  As  to  the 
first  point,  I  showed  that -Mr.  Pitt,  George  III., 
and  Lord  Minto  seemed  to  think  otherwise. 
Probably  they  had  good  information.  I  have 
been  assured  by  naval  men  of  high  rank,  and  by 
common  sailors  too,  that  Dibdin  was  very  popular 
among  the  seamen.  Of  course  I  speak  of  the 
sailors  of  Dibdin's  time  and  soon  after.  As  to 
the  second  point,  I  have  already  said  I  am  no 
judge  of  such  matters.  But  it  reminds  me  of  a 
case  before  the  Lord  Mayor,  in  which  a  man's 
neighbours  indicted  him  as  dangerous,  for  making 
explosive  powder.  The  man's  defence  was,  that 
the  powder  would  not  explode  except  under  pe- 
culiar circumstances,  and  he  offered  to  prove  it 
by  striking  a  large  packet  on  a  metal  rod,  before 
the  Court.  The  Lord  Mayor  directed  him  to 
make  the  experiment  with  a  very  small  quantity. 
The  man  did  so,  and  the  powder  exploded  as 
loudly  as  a  pistol.  The  man  quietly  said,  "  All 
I  can  say  is,  it  ought  not."  The  sea  songs  ought 
not,  perhaps,  to  have  been  popular  among  sailors ; 
but  I  believe  they  were. 

I  agree  for  the  most  part  with  the  criticisms  of 
S.  H.  M.  upon  the  extracts  he  has  given.  So  far, 
that  is,  as  I  am  able  to  judge.  I  make  due  ex- 
ceptions :  that  on  the  lines 

"  Blessed  with  a  smiling  can  of  grog, 

If  duty  call,  stand,  rise  or  fall, 
To  fate's  last  verge  he'll  jog." 


Most  of  your  readers  will  probably  think  they 
mean,  "  Much  as  a  sailor  loves  drink,  he  will 
leave  even  that,  to  tread  the  path  of  danger  and 
of  duty,  though  it  lead  to  death."  A  man  may 
as  well  "  jog "  (in  this  sense)  in  a  ship  as  on 
land.  S.  H.H.  asks  "for  what?"  Clearly  for 
his  king  and  country.  I  really  see  nothing  more 
incredible  in  a  sailor's  wearing  the  portrait  of  his 
sweetheart,  or  dying  for  love,  than  in  any  man 
doing  such  things.  I  suppose  Dibdin  did  not 
mean  that  sailors  generally  do  such  things.  I 
believe,  however,  that  as  much  tenderness  of 
heart  may  be  found  under  the  rough  exterior  of 
a  sailor  as  in  any  other  class  of  men. 

I  freely  own  that  S.  H.  M.  is  far  better  ac- 
quainted with  the  Songs  than  I  am ;  for,  to  my 
knowledge,  I  never  saw  any  of  the  extracts  he 
quotes  till  I  read  them  in  his  article. 

Assuredly  the  defenders  of  Dibdin's  fame  have 
no  reason  to  complain  of  the  handsome  terms  in 
which  S.  H.  M.  speaks  of  the  merits  of  Dibdin 
as  a  writer  and  a  composer.  Let  me  observe  that 
I  am  not  among  the  descendants  of  Dibdin  who 
have  derived  either  "  honour"  or  "pudding" 
(temporal  advantage  ?)  from  him,  but  rather  the 
reverse.  FAIRFLAY. 


THE  DE  PRATELLTS  FAMILY. 
In  "  N.  &  Q."  (1st  S.  v.  248.)  enquiry  was  made 
as  to  the  identity  of  the  above  name  with  that  of 
Prideaux  of  Devon,  assumed  to  be  the  same  on 
the  authority  of  Rev.  Dr.  Oliver,  in  his  Historic 
Collections  relating  to  the  Monasteries  of  Devon. 
Four  years  later  (2nd  S.  ii.  468.  512.)  the  enquiry 
was  repeated,  and  then  elicited  a  reply  from  MR. 
CHARNOCK  on  the  etymology  of  Prideaux,  whose 
conclusions  were  rather  in  favour  of  a  different 
origin,  since  confirmed  by  the  editorial  reference 
in  reply  to  a  third  enquiry  on  the  same  subject  in 
"  N.  &  Q."  (2nd  S.  ix.  428.)  I  think  it  can  be 
shown  that  "  De  Pratellis "  is  not  synonymous 
with  "  Prideaux,"  but  is  the  Latin  form  of  "  Pri- 
aulx," the  name  of  a  highly  respectable  family 
located  for  some  generations  in  this  and  the  Wes- 
tern Counties  and  in  Guernsey,  deriving  their 
patronymic  from  the  ancient  town  of  Preaux  in 
Normandy.  (See  second  extract  from  Lamar- 
tiniere  in  MR.  CHARNOCK'S  article  as  above.)  In 
a  document  drawn  up  for  a  member  of  this  family 
by  a  gentleman  in  Rouen  in  1840  as  to  the  con- 
dition, at  that  time,  of  the  once  feudal  residence 
of  its  former  possessors,  "  L'ancienne  Famille  des 
Barons  de  Preaux  ou  Priaulx  pres  Rouen,"  he 
mentions,  among  the  existing  characteristics,  "  les 
hautes  murs,  le preau"  &c.,  and  continues  :  — 

" L'Eglise  de  Preaux  renferme  les  Tombes  de 

1°  Toland  de  Priaulx,  soeur  de  Henri  II.*,  Roi  d'Angle- 


*  "  By  concubines  King  Henry  [I.]  had  many  child 
it  is  said  seven  sons  and  as  many  daughters  .  .- .  . 


ren; 
The 


2«*  S.  IX.  JUNE  16.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


469 


terrc.  2d.  Pierre  de  Priaulx,  qui  signa  en  1204  la  capitu- 
lation de  Rouen  pour  Jeap  Sans-terre,  Roi  d'Angleterre. 
3d.  Robertus  Pratellis,  Archidiaconus  Rhothomagensis 
et  autres  de  la  meme  famille  toules  des  llme,  12mc,  et 
13me  Siecles.  Ces  tombes  portent  les  Armes  des  Seig- 
neurs de  Priaulx.  Les  Vitraux  de  1'eglise  contiennent 
aussi  ces  armes  originates." 

These  may  be  seen  on  the  monument  to  the 
memory  of  Dr.  Jno.  Priaulx  (one  of  this  family), 
on  the  western  wall  of  the  nave  of  Salisbury 
Cathedral,  viz.,  Gules  an  eagle  displayed,  or.  Vide 

"  A  Brief  Account  of  the  Nature,  Use,  and  End  of  the 
Office  of  Dean  Rural,  addressed  to  the  Clergy  of  the 
Deanery  of  Chalke.  A.D.  MDCLXVI.-VII.  By  John  Pri- 
aulx, D.D.,  Rural  Dean.  Edited  by  Rev.  Win.  Dansey, 
M.A.,  B.M.,  &c.  London:  Bohn,  1832." 

The  account  from  which  I  have  quoted  also 
mentions,  as  recorded  in  Heralds'  College,  the 
cession  of  the  ancient  domain  in  the  fourteenth 
century  on  the  departure  of  John,  eleventh  Lord 
of  Priaulx,  as  one  of  the  hostages  in  England  for 
the  ransom  of  the  King  of  France,  John  the  Good, 
and  that  "  Jean  de  Bourbon,  arriere  petit  neveu 
de  Jean  IV.  de  P."  having  in  right  of  his  wife 
Jeanne  de  P.  become  possessed  of  the  Barony  of 
Preaux,  had  the  same  confirmed  to  him  by  an 
"  arret  du  Parlement  de  Normandie  du  ler  Fev- 
rier,  1542."  It  was  subsequently  sold  with  other 
estates  by  the  last  heir  to  Anne  de  Montmo- 
rency,  Constable  of  France,  and  by  this  sale  the 
title  and  estates  passed  to  the  royal  family  of 
France,  and  were  possessed  by  the  house  of  Conde 
at  the  period  of  the  French  Revolution,  when  it 
was  declared  national  property,  and  finally  ali- 
enated to  the  family  from  whom  I  have  derived 
these  particulars  as  stated.  About  four  miles 
west  of  Shaftesbury,  co.  Dorset,  is  the  village  of 
Stour  Provost,  "  called,"  says  Hutchins  (Hist. 
Dors.)  "  in  ancient  records,  S.  Pratel,  de  Pratellis, 
preaux,  priaulx,  and  prewes,  from  the  monastery 
of  Pratel  or  Preaux  to  which  it  belonged."  * 

In  a  communication  recently  furnished  to 
Woolmer's  Exeter  and  Plymouth  Gazette  of  19th 
May,  1860,  in  reply  to  an  enquiry  on  the  origin 
of  the  name  Prideaux,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Oliver,  after 
proposing  the  derivation  from  "  the  two  French 
words  pre,  a  meadow,  and  eau,  water,"  i.  e.  water- 
meadow,  adds : — 

"  With  regard  to  the  first  word  Pre's  or  Preaux  (which 
is  rendered  into  Latin  de  Pratis  or  de  Pratellis),  we  find 
in  the  diocese  of  Rouen  a  Benedictine  monastery,  '  St. 
Mary  Preaux,'  founded  on  the  land  where  Matilda,  the 


daughters  were  all  married  to  princes  and  noblemen  of 
England  and  France,  from  whom  are  descended  many 
worth}'  families ;  particularly  one  .  .  .  married  to  Fitz- 
Herberr,  Lord  Chamberlain  to  the  King,  from  which  the 
family  of  Fitz-H.  is  descended,  &c.  &c." — Baker's  Chron. 
1696,  p.  43. 

*  It  is  from  the  latter  of  these  aliases  its  present  name 
is  corrupted,  and  not,  as  may  be  supposed,  from  its  later 
owners,  the  Provost  and  scholars  of  King's  College,  Cam- 
bridge. 


wife  of  Will.  Cony,  first  received  the  news  of  the  victory 
of  Hastings." 

Dr.  Oliver  then  refers  to  the  two  Benedictine 
Monasteries  called  Preaux  or  De  Pratellis  in  the 
diocese  of  Lisieux  in  Normandy  (previously  re- 
ferred to),  and  then  adds,  as  his  authority  for  as- 
suming the  identity  of  the  two  names,  "  I  am 
confirmed  in  my  opinion  by  what  is  stated  in 
p.  52.  of  vol.  ii.  of  Bishop  Edmund  Lacy's  Re- 
gister" giving  an  account  of  the  admission  of 
Adam  Prianho  to  the  Priory  of  Modbury,  and 
referring  lastly  to  p.  94.  of  the  same  volume, 
where  it  is  recorded  that  "  William  Benselyn 
succeeded  to  the  same  priory,  void  by  the  free 
resignation  of  Adam  de  Pratellis,  alias  de  Pry- 
deaux,  ultimi  prioris  ejusdem." 

I  am  of  opinion  that  the  foregoing  account, 
and  the  records  from  the  tombs  at  Preaux,  will 
sufficiently  prove  that  the  "  alias "  in  the  last 
quotation  is  assumed  on  mistaken  grounds,  con- 
firmed by  the  fact  that  the  Prideaux's  of  Devon 
and  Cornwall  were  located  there  prior  to  the 
Norman  Conquest;  "the  name  being  adopted,"  says 
Burke,  "  from  the  Lordship  of  Prideaux  in  the 
parish  of  Luxilian,  co.  Cornwall,"  and  have  always 
borne  different  arms  to  those  of  Preaux  or  Priaulx. 
(Vide  "  COMMONERS,  Art.  Prideaux,  Brune  of 
Place."  With  regard  to  the  etymology  of  Preaux, 
it  may  be  added  that  the  word  in  its  singular 
form,  Preau,  is  applied  at  the  present  day  in 
France  to  the  courtyard  surrounding  any  large 
building,  such  as  convents,  prisons,  colleges,  &c., 
similar  to  our  use  of  the  word  green  or  lawn  in 
England,— "the  churchyard  or  lawn  of  the  close" 
being  the  description  given  of  the  enclosed  area 
surrounding  the  Cathedral  of  Salisbury  in  a  re- 
cent publication,  The  Post  Office  Directory  of 
Hants,  Wilts,  and  Dorset,  by  Kelly  &  Co.,  —  a 
work  containing  in  a  condensed  form  much 
valuable  information  on  the  topography  of  the 
above  counties.  Hoffmann,  quoted  by  Hutchins 
(ut  supra)  seems  to  countenance  this  rendering 
of  Pratellum  or  pratum  (vide  Lexicon,  in  voce} — 
"  locum,  sub  dio  seu  atrium  quod  claustri  por- 
ticus  cingunt  in  monasteriis,"  —  but  Hutchins 
favours  the  translation  "  meadow,"  "  whence," 
says  he,  "  many  religious  houses  in  France  and 
England  were  denominated."  (Cf.  St.  Mary 
de  Pratis  Abbey,  Leicester,  and  the  local  rhyme 
attaching  to  the  ecclesiastical  edifices  of  Salis- 
bury, which  designates  the  cathedral  as  "  St. 
Mary  in  the  Merefield,"  or  Merrifield,  for  I  have 
never  seen  it  in  print,  though  its  memory  still 
lingers  with  me.  Perhaps  some  one  of  the  local 
histories  of  the  place  may  solve  the  doubt,  and 
afford  the  origin  of  the  word.  I  have  consulted 
Dodsworth's  Historical  Account  of  the  Cathedral 
without  success.)  HENRY  W.  S.  TAYLOR. 


470 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX;  JUNE  16. '60. 


DEATH  OF  CHARLES  IT.  (2nd  S.  i.  110.  247.)  — 
At  the  above  pages,  I  solved  the  five  initials,  "  P. 
M.  A.  C.  F."  which  Lord  Macaulay  acknowledged 
himself  unable  to  decypher,  and  of  which  he  ex- 
pressed his  conviction  "that  the  true  solution  had 
not  yet  been  suggested"  (Hist.,  vol.  i.  p.  438., 
note).  I  had  explained  them  to  signify  "  Pere 
Mansuete  A  Capuchin  Friar;"  and  I  did  this  on 
the  authority  of  the  Memoirs  of  the  Rev.  John 
Huddleston,  reprinted  in  1816  from  a  memoir  of 
much  earlier  date. 

I  revert  to  the  subject  now,  in  consequence  of 
my  solution  having  been  remarkably  corroborated 
by  REV.  DR.  OLIVER  in  a  late  communication  to 
an  Exeter  paper.  That  learned  and  venerable 
antiquary  there  states  that  many  years  ago  he 
copied  the  following  entry  from  the  MS.  book  of 
Professions  of  the  English  Benedictines  of  Lamb- 
spring  in  Westphalia  :  — 

"  Benedict  Gibbon,  of  Westcliffe,  in  the  diocese  of 
Canterbury,  was  professed  21st  March,  1672;  he  died  1st 
January,  1723."—  "N.B.  This  missionary,  dining  with 
Father  Mansuet,  Order  of  St.  Francis,  a  Confessor  to 
James,  Duke  of  York,  desired  him  to  go  to  his  royal 
highness,  and  advise  him  to  propose  to  King  Charles  II., 
then  near  his  end,  whether  he  did  not  desire  to  die  in  the 
communion  of  the  Catholic  Church.  The  Duke  did  so ; 
and  the  consequence  was,  that  F.  Huddleston  happily 
concluded  this  reconciliation." 

The  meaning  of  the  five  initials  is  now  surely 
solved  beyond  any  doubt.  F.  C.  H. 

THE  BUNYAN  PEDIGREE  (2nd  S.  ix.  69.) —There 
must  be  an  error  in  some  of  the  dates  furnished 
by  MR.  CRESSWELL.  If  George  Bunyan's  youngest 
child,  Amelia,  was  born  in '1767,  and  she  was 
twelve  or  thirteen  years  old  when  her  father  died, 
he  must  have  died  about  1779  or  1780,  and  his 
death  could  not  hnve  occurred  during  the  occu- 
pation of  Philadelphia  by  the  British  army,  which 
commenced  September  23,  1777,  and  terminated 
June  18,  1778. 

I  have  carefully  examined  the  files  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania Ledge?'  and  Towne's  Evening  Post,  the 
only  papers  published  in  Philadelphia  whilst  the 
British  army  remained  here  for  the  period  em- 
braced between  those  two  dates,  and  can  find  no 
mention  of  the  death  of  George  Bunyan  or  any 
other  notice  of  him.  I  have  been  informed  that 
there  is  no  record  of  his  interment  in  the  ground 
of  the  first  Baptist  church  of  this  city. 

An  accident  which  delayed  my  reception  of  the 
January  numbers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  a  month  beyond 
the  usual  time,  retarded  my  search,  and  has  de- 
layed this  answer.  I  do  not  see  it  stated  how 
George  Bunyan  was  related  to  the  immortal  John. 

UNEDA. 

Philadelphia. 

JOSEPH  CLARKE  (2nd  S.  ix.  281.)  — This  gen- 
tleman was  a  native  of  Hull,  and  brother  of  the 
late  Dr.  Thomas  Clarke,  Vicar  of  the  Holy  Trinity 


church  in  that  town.  Mr.  Joseph  Clarke  con- 
ferred an  important  benefit  on  the  members  of  the 
Hull  Subscription  Library  in  the  compilation  of  a 
scientific  catalogue  of  their  books ;  and  has  been 
eminently  successful  in  tracing  out  the  real  names 
of  the  authors  and  editors  of  anonymous  and 
pseudonymous  works.  Mr.  Clarke  died  on  the 
28th  July,  1851,  at  the  age  of  eighty  years,  and 
his  remains  were  interred  within  the  communion 
rails  of  the  Holy  Trinity  church,  Hull.  C.  F. 

HYMN  ON  PRAYER  (2nd  S.  ix.  403.)  — Lord  Car- 
lisle is  the  author  of  the  hymn  inquired  for  by 
your  correspondent.     The  quotation  is,  however, 
given  incorrectly.     The  lines  run  thus  :  — 
"  Go  when  the  morning  shineth, 
Go  when  the  noon  is  bright, 
Go  when  the  eve  declineth, 
Go  in  the  hush  of  night." 

E.  T.  L. 

REBELLION  or  1715  (2n4  S.  ix.  404.)  —  In  the 
reply  of  the  edrtor  to  MR.  THORNBER,  the  Histori- 
cal Register,  vol.  ii.  1717,  has  been  overlooked  :  — 
The  Report  of  "  the  Tryals  of  the  Preston  Pri- 
soners" commences  in  p.  1.  "TheTryal  of  Edward 
Tzldesley,  Esq.,"  is  given  at  p.  15.,  and  that  of 
"  John  Dalton,  Esq.,"  at  p.  34.  Many  others  are 
given,  and  the  Report  closes  at  p.  58.,  referring  to 
a  future  number  for  the  "  Tryals  of  Francis  Fran- 
cia,  commonly  called  the  Jew,  and  Mr.  Howel  the 
Clergyman."  LANCASTRIENSIS. 

THE  PSALTER  OF  THE  BLESSED  VIRGIN  (2nd  S. 
ix.  407.  453.)  —  I  am  requested  by  VEDETTE  to 
state  my  grounds  for  asserting  that  the  imitation  of 
the  Te  Deum  is  falsely  ascribed  to  St.  Bonaventure. 
I  asserted  it  on  the  well-known  authority  of  the 
Rev.  Alban  Butler.  It  is  true  that  I  have  had 
no  opportunity  of  examining  for  myself  the  au- 
thorities which  he  adduces  —  Fabricius,  Bellar- 
min,  Labbe,  and  Natalis  Alexander.  But  until  I 
am  able  to  do  so,  I  must  continue  to  prefer  rest- 
ing upon  the  word  of  so  learned  and  judicious  a 
critic  as  Alban  Butler,  to  the  result  of  a  professed 
examination  of  these  authorities  by  Mr.  King  of 
Dublin,  which  appears  to  be  the  only  reliance  of 
VEDETTE.  F.  C.  H. 

PIGTAILS  (2nd  S.  ix.  354.)  —The  only  pigtail  of 
which  I  ever  saw  the  inside  was  altogether  the 
wearer's  own  hair  growing  on  his  head.  It  was 
perhaps  eight  or  nine  inches  long,  and,  as  your 
correspondent  J.  S.  BURN  describes,  was  wound 
round  closely  and  neatly  (T  was  seldom  allowed 
to  officiate)  to  within  an  inch  or  an  inch  and  a 
half  of  the  end.  This  was  a  pigtail  as  distin- 
guished from  a  bag  or  a  club.  The  long  queues  of 
the  Life-Guards  of  that  day,  which  I  think  nearly 
reached  their  horses'  cruppers,  had  leather  cases  I 
believe ;  and  I  used  to  hear  of  eelskins  being  used 
for  the  same  purpose.  J.  P.  O. 


2°d  S.  IX.  JUNE  1C.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


471 


SIR  JOHN  BOWRING  (2nd  S.  ix.  365.)  —Not 
grudging  the  Second  Charles's  gratitude  toward 
any  of  his  unfortunate  father's  friends,  I  may  ob- 
serve the  salient  contrast  of  his  neglect  toward 
others  among  them.  Like  Sir  John  Bowring, 
Thomas  Swift  of  Goodrich,  in  Herefordshire,  sold 
a  large  portion  of  his  ancient  patrimony,  and  laid 
the  produce  at  his  sovereign's  feet :  persecutions, 
sequestrations,  and  compoundings,  consumed  so 
much  of  its  residue,  that  little  remained  for  him  — 
"  To  shew  the  world  he  was  a  gentleman." 

His  recompense  was,  not  what  his  services  had 
merited,  and  his  blood  and  birth  would  have  jus- 
tified—  the  coronet  or  the  bloody  hand  conferred 
on  luckier  though  not  more  loyal  adherents — but 
a  bow  and  a  smile  from  his  gracious  sovereign. 
"  Never  mind  Mr.  Swift,"  said  Charles  ;  "  he  is 
my  friend  upon  principle  —  I  have  enough  to  do 
with  conciliating  my  enemies."  A  "merry  mo- 
narch "  was  this  Charles ;  and,  after  the  only 
fashion  of  the  world  which  never  changes,  a 
"wise"  one  too;  but  the  almost  destruction  of 
their  ancient  estate  has  wrought  no  occasion  of 
"  merriment"  to  the  sixth  generation  of  Thomas 
Swift's  descendants,  QUORUM  PARS. 

Will  INQUIRER  oblige  the  undersigned  with  a 
description  of  the  token  referred  to  as  issued  by 
"  John  Bowring  of  Chumleigh."  It  is  not  men- 
tioned by  Boyne  in  his  Catalogue  of  Devonshire 
Tokens,  and  the  writer  would  be  glad  to  insert  a 
correct  description  in  his  lists  of  additions.  An 
impression  of  the  token  in  wax  or  gutta-percha 
(both  sides)  would  also  be  esteemed  a  favour  by 
JOHN  S.  SMALLFIELD. 

10.  Little  Queen  Street, 

Lincoln's  Inn  Fields,  W.C. 

WITTY  CLASSICAL  QUOTATIONS  (2nd  S.  ix.  116. 
246.  332.  413.)  —  Writing  to  Mason,  with  refer- 
ence to  the  general  election  of  1774,  Horace  Wai- 
pole  says :  — 

"  Bob  [Robert  Macreth,  afterwards  knighted],  formerly 
a  waiter  at  White's,  was  set  up  by  my  nephew  for  two 
boroughs,  and  actually  is  returned  for  Castle  Rising  with 
Mr.  Wedderburn, 

*  Servus  curru  portatur  eodem.'  " 

Letters  (ed.  by  Cunningham)  vi.  119. 

A  writer  in  the  Universal  Review,  noticing  the 
Diaries  and  Correspondence  of  G.  Rose,  quotes 
Moore's  rendering  of  Horace  :  — 

"  Mitte  Sectari  .Rosa  quo  locorum 

Sera  moretur." 

"  Don't  stop  to  inquire  while  dinner  is  staying 
At  which  of  his  places  old  Rose  is  delaying." 

R.  F.  SKETCHLEY. 

"THE  ANCIENT"  (2nd  S.  iii.  388.,  ix.  412.)  — 
Aristophanes  :  — 

"  Ou  yap  av  irofe 
r*  a.v  /xia  Ao^jurj  KAe'nra  Svo." 

Vespa,  v.  927. 

H.  B.  C. 


KNAP  (2nd  S.  ix.  346.)  —  Knapping  is  the  tech- 
nical term  for  breaking  small  stones  (or  stones 
small),  e.g.  the  so-called  metal  for  a  Macadamised 
road,  and  a  knapping -hammer  is  the  tool  to  do  it 
with.  Cnap  in  Gaelic  is  (Armstrong  says)  a 
button  [German  knopp~\,  a  knob,  a  knot,  a  lump, 
a  boss,  a  stud,  a  little  blow,  a  little  hill,  a  stout 
boy  [German  knabe~].  Two  districts  of  Argyll- 
shire are  called  North  and  South  Knapdale.  Both 
of  these  are  knobby  enough  ;  but  I  have  heard  it 
said  in  reference  to  them,  that  Knap  meant  rub- 
bish, and  that  they  were  so  called  because  all  the 
rubbish  that  remained  after  the  creation  of  the 
world  was  shot  in  that  western  locality  !  J.  P.  O. 

TYBURN  GALLOWS  (2nd  S.  ix.  400.) — Some  aid 
towards  identifying  the  site  of  "Tyburn  Tree" 
may,  I  think,  be  obtained  from  Hogarth's  print  of 
the  execution  of  Tom  Idle.  The  wall  on  which 
some  of  the  spectators  are  perched  —  no  doubt 
that  of  Hyde  Park  —  is  much  nearer  the  gallows 
than  it  could  have  been  supposing  the  latter  to 
have  stood  on  the  ground  now  occupied  by  a  house 
in  Connaught  Square.  The  distance  would  be 
correct  if  the  gallows  stood  in  the  position  of  Con- 
naught  Place.  It  is  fair  to  assume  that  Hogarth 
took  some  slight  sketch  on  the  spot.  JAYDEE. 

To  SLANG  (2nd  S.  iii.  445.)— MR.  HENRY  T. 
RILEY  supposes  this  term  to  descend  from  the 
time  when  the  vituperative  Dutch  General  Slan- 
genberg  ruled  over  part  of  the  English  forces. 
In  corroboration  of  his  conjecture  I  may  add  that 
the  sailors  of  our  Royal  Navy  still  use  to  design  a 
soldier  under  the  name  slang — "het  is  een  slang," 
meaning  "  it  is  a  redcoat,"  whilst  the  substantive 
itself  may  very  well  have  been  employed  as  a  nom 
de  guerre  for  the  Dutch  General  I  have  just 
mentioned,  and  afterwards  applied  to  all  soldiers 
indiscriminately.  J.  H.  VAN  LENNEP. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht. 

MONEY  VALUE,  1704  (2nd  S.  ix.  426.)  — Take 
the  price  of  wheat  in  1704,  as  given  by  Bishop 
Fleetwood  in  his  Chronicon  Preciosum,  at  46s.  Qd. 
the  quarter,  and  a  quarter  of  wheat  in  1860  at 
60s. :  then  501.  in  the  year  1704  would  purchase 
21-j%  quarters,  and  in  1860  only  16/0  quarters; 
or  in  money  in  1704  50/.,  in  1860  38J,  15s. 

W.  D.  H. 

BAVINS  AND  Purrs  (2nd  S.  ix.  25.  110.  333.  436.) 
— I  am  not  acquainted  with  this  last  term,  but 
the  cry  of  bavins  !  bavins  I  slightly  corrupted  by 
the  vendors  of  small  faggots,  is  familiar  to  the 
frequenters  of  the  Isle  of  Thanet. 

M.  A.  PHILLOTT. 

JUI>AS  TREE  (2nd  S.  ix.  433.)  —  This  is  said  to 
have  flourished  near  the  Holy  City.  Tradition 
points  to  it  as  the  fatal  tree  from  which  the  traitor 
"  by  transgression  feU"  after  committing  the  last 
desperate  act  of  suicide.  F.  PHILLOTT. 


472 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


g.  1X.  JUNE  16.  '60. 


THE  LADY'S  AND  GENTLEMAN'S  SKULLS  (2nd  S. 
ix.  163.)  —In  our  Historical  Magazine  for  April, 
1858  (pp.  118,  119.),  is  a  short  paper  upon  the 
"  Address  of  a  Lady's  Skull  to  the  Fair,"  in  which 
the  writer  says  that  these  verses,  which  he  ap- 
pends, "  are  from  an  old  manuscript  book  dated 
1775,  and  are  in  the  handwriting  of  the  then 
owner  (Col.  Charles  Clinton)."  This  gentleman, 
a  native  of  Europe,  was  the  father  of  Vice- 
President  George  Clinton,  and  grandfather  of 
Governor  De  Witt  Clinton  of  New  York.  The 
correspondent  of  the  Historical  Magazine  adds  : — 

"  If  some  one  of  your  correspondents  does  not  indicate 
some  other  author,  I  shall  assume  that  it  was  the  gentle- 
man in  whose  handwriting  they  were  found.  I  am  au- 
thorised to  do  so  from  the  fact  that  I  have  several  pieces 
of  poetry  of  which  he  was  the  undoubted  author." 

The  foundation  for  this  assumption  strikes  me 
as  too  slight,  but  it  is  offered  for  the  considera- 
tion of  your  Querist.  UNEDA. 

Philadelphia. 

MILLE  JUGERA  (2ud  S.  ix.  372.)  —  I  hasten  to 
correct  an  error  in  representing  the  acreage  of 
the  Agro  Romano  as  27,850  :  it  should  be  445,600. 
To  reconcile  the  statement  of  Cicero  (Att.  ii.  16.) 
according  to  his  present  text,  with  the  ascertained 
facts,  is  impossible ;  but  if  we  assume  that  the 
purport  of  what  he  really  wrote  was  "  supposing 
it  to  be  divided  amongst  fifty  [instead  of  five\ 
thousand  men,  no  more  than  ten  jugera  [6T6<y 
acres]  can  fall  to  every  man's  share,"  which  may 
be  done  by  reading  quinquaginta  instead  of  quin- 
que,  or  in  Roman  numerals,  L  for  v,  we  make  a 
correct  approximation  both  to  the  actual  acreage 
of  this  territory,  and  also  to  a  just  estimate  of  the 
population  of  Rome.  The  acreage  of  Cicero  is 
thereby  raised  to  330,500,  or  three-fourths  of  the 
ascertained  quantity,  445,600,  which  may,  ex- 
cluding the  marshy  and  barren  districts,  fairly 
represent  the  portion  in  pasture  and  tillage.  As 
respects  the  population,  "  the  number  of  citizens 
may  be  estimated  at  300,000,  and  the  whole 
number  of  residents  at  2,000,000  and  upwards  " 
(Eschenburg  by  Fiske,  iii.  s.  190.)  :  the  fourth  of 
the  citizens  will  be  the  number  of  males  above 
twenty  years  of  age,  or  75,000,  but  of  these  many, 
say  25,000,  might  not  be  entitled  to  such  division 
of  land.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 

THE  LIVERY  COLLAR  OF  SCOTLAND  (2nd  S.  ix. 
341.)  —  "  Gormettis  fremalibus  equorum"  is  pro- 
bably the  equivalent  of  the  French  gourmette, 
which  is  a  curb-chain,  not  a  bit.  The  curb-chain 
pattern  is  a  well-known  one,  even  in  the  present 
day.  I  apprehend  the  merit  of  this  kind  of  chain, 
whether  for  curb-chains  or  watch-chains,  or  back- 
bands  of  carts,  is  that  it  lies  flat.  A  coachman 
who  thought  any  horse  would  get  away  from  him 
by  hard  pulling  against  a  curb  bit,  used  to  roughen 


the  curb  chain  (by  untwisting  it),  which  made  it 
more  like  an  ordinary  chain,  and  more  severe  and 
painful  to  the  horse.  J.  P.  O. 

"  ROCK  OF  AGES  "  (2nd  S.  ix.  387.)— The  Latin 
version  I  sent  you  has  been  in  print  before,  I  be- 
lieve. The  friend  from  whom  I  received  it 
thought  he  copied  it  some  years  ago  from  The 
Guardian-  newspaper,  and  that  it  was  the  original 
of  Toplady's  hymn,  but  had  no  distinct  recollec- 
tion on  the  subject.  HENRY  W.  BAKER,  Bart. 

Monkland  Vicarage. 

THE  FESTIVAL  OF  THE  Ass  (2nd  S.  v.  3.)  —  In 
Causes  Amusantes  et  Connues,  Berlin,  1770  (vol.  ii. 
p.  284.,  &c.),  is  a  note  respecting  la  fete  de  TAsne. 
After  giving  most  of  the  verses  published  in  "  N. 
&  Q."  the  writer  adds  that  the  prose  which  they 
also  sang  at  this  festival,  half  Latin  and  half 
French,  explained  the  good  qualities  of  the  ass, 
and  each  stanza  ended  with  this  burthen :  — 

"  He',  Sire  Asne,  car  chantez, 
Belle  bouche  rechignez, 
Vous  aurez  du  foin  assez, 
Et  de  1'avoine  &  plantez. 
Sin-ham,  hin-ham,  hin-ham" 

To  which  the  writer  adds,^' Voyez^  la  Biblio- 
theque  du  Roi  le  manuscrit  qui  vient  de  M. 
Baluze,  et  VHistoire  de  France  de  1'Abbe  Vely, 
torn.  iii.  p.  542."  UNEDA. 

Philadelphia. 

FELLOWES'  VISIT  TO  THE  MONASTERY  OF  LA 
TRAPPE  (2nd  ix.  403.) — A  correspondent,  ABHBA, 
inquires  to  whom,  and  upon  what  grounds,  refer- 
ence is  made  in  the  following  MS.  note  in  the 
above  work :  — 

"  Was  not  the  principal  incentive  to  this  journey  to 
ascertain  the  fate  of  a  noble  fanatic  who  left  the  church 
of  his  Fathers  for  the  «  PAPAL  DIADEM,'  but  being  foiled, 
in  despair  buried  himself  in  the  Monastery  of  La  Trappe, 
the  late  Rev.  Sir  H.  T.  .  .  .  y,  Bart,  of  T.  .  .  C  .  .  .  11 !  " 

The  baronet  referred  to  must  be  Sir  Harry 
Trelawney.  He  indeed  left  the  church  of  his 
Fathers,  but  only  to  return  to  the  church  of  his 
great-grandfathers,  about  the  year  1814.  He  was 
originally  a  clergyman  of  the  Church  of  England, 
but  was  ordained  a  priest  of  the  Catholic  Church 
by  Cardinal  Odescalchi,  May  30,  1830.  There  is 
evidently  some  mistake  about  his  entering  La 
Trappe,  for  he  died  at  Lavino  near  Rome,  on  the 
25th  of  February,  1834,  at  the  age  of  seventy- 
eight.  F.  C.  H. 

THE  NINE  MEN'S  MORRIS  (2nd  S.  ix.  207.)  — In 
this  country  this  is  the  name  given  to  a  game 
played  upon  three  squares  connected  by  diagonal 
and  perpendicular  lines,  and  sometimes  painted 
or  stamped  upon  the  backs  of  checker-boards. 
Drafts  or  checkermen  are  used  for  the  men,  if  not 
too  large ;  sometimes  raw  and  roasted  grains  of 
coffee  are  substituted.  The  game  played  by  hop- 


2"*  S.  IX.  JUNE  16.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


473 


ping  is  a  very  common  street  game  for  boys,  a  stone 
or  an  oyster  shell  being  the  article  driven  forward 
by  the  foot.  This  is  universally  called  hop- scotch. 

UNEDA. 
Philadelphia. 

DATE  or  THE  CRUCIFIXION  (2nd  S.  ix.  404.)  — 
Tertullian  (Lib.  contra  Judceos,  c.  8.)  says  that  our 
Blessed  Saviour  was  crucified  on  the  25th  of 
March  :  "  Passlo  hujus  exterminii  .  .  .  perfecta 
est  .  .  .  mense  Martio,  temporibus  Paschse,  die 
octavo  Kalendarum  Apriliuin."  Lactantius  gives 
the  saine  day  (lib.  iv.  c.  10.)  St.  Augustin  asserts 
the  same  in  at  least  three  places  (lib.  xiii.,  q.  56., 
and  lib.  iv.  de  Trinit.  c.  5.,  and  Lib.  de  Civit.  Dei, 
lib.  xviii.  cap.  ult.).  In  the  last-mentioned  he  says  : 
"Mortuus  est  ergo  Christus  duobus  Geminiscon- 
sulibus,  octavo  Kalendas  Aprilis."  St.  John  Chry- 
sostom  says  the  same  in  his  sermon  on  the  nativity 
of  St.  John  Baptist,  and  St.  Gregory  of  Tours  the 
same  (lib.  x.  c.  ult.),  and  our  own  Venerable  Bede 
the  same  (Lib.  de  Ratione,  temp.  c.  47.,  etc.).  St. 
Thomas  of  Aquin,  St.  Antoninus,  Platina,  and 
Usuard  are  quoted  for  the  same  opinion  by  Suarez, 
who  agrees  with  them  (3  p.  Disput.  40.  sect  5.  in 
fine).  The  Church  seems  to  favour  this  opinion 
in  her  Martyrology,  by  appointing  March  25  for 
the  feast  of  the  good  thief,  called  St.  Dismas. 

F.  C.  H. 

GARIBALDI'S  PARENTAGE  (2nd  S.  ix.  424.)  — 
I  fear  that  your  correspondent  MR.  GARSTIN 
will  find  it  difficult  to  establish  the  authenticity 
of  Garibaldi's  Hibernian  parentage,  when  he  re- 
collects that  a  similar  theory  was  set  up  for  the 
Irish  extraction  of  those  eminent  Chinese,  Lin  and 
Keshin,  and  that  within  this  fortnight  we  have 
been  informed  that  Lamoriciere  undisguised  is 
Morissy.  A.  C. 

TOMB  OF  SIR  ROBERT  DE  HUNGERFORD  (2nd  S. 
viii.  464.) — MR.  CL.  HOPPER'S  Note  closes  thus  : — 

"  Lethieullier  (Archceol.  vol.  ii.)  says,  by  the  inscription 
having  no  date,  it  shows  it  [the  tomb]  was  set  up  in  his 
lifetime.  Query,  was  this  a  common  practice  of  the  period  ?  " 

One  instance  will  be  found  on  fol.  257.  and  seq. 
of  Gibson's  Camdens  Britannia,  fol.  edit.  London, 
1695.  Speaking  of  the  building  at  Oxford  of 
three  colleges  by  "  the  pious  Prince  K.  JElfred," 
Camden  says :  — 

"  But  you  have  a  larger  account  of  this  in  the  old  An- 
nals of  the  Monastery  of  Winchester:  In  the  year  of  our 
Lord's  incarnation  1306,  in  the  second  year  of  St.  Grim- 
bald's  coming  over  into  England,  the  University  of  Oxford 
was  founded." 

He  then  quotes  a  passage  from  u  a  very  fair 
MS.  copy  of  that  Asserius,  who  was  himself  at  the 
same  time  a  professor  in  this  place,"  which  closes 
thus :  — 

"  But  Grymbold  resenting  these  proceedings,  retir'd 
immediately  to  the  Monastery  at  Winchester,  which  K. 
Alfred  had  lately  founded:  and  soon  after,  he  got  his 


tomb  to  be  remov'd  thither  to  him,  in  which  he  had  de- 
sign'd  his  bones  should  be  put  after  his  decease,  and  laid 
in  a  vault  under  the  chancel  of  the  church  of  St.  Peter's 
in  Oxford ;  which  church  the  said  Grymbold  had  raised 
from  the  ground,  of  stones  hewn  and  carv'd  with  great 
art  and  beauty." 

ERIC. 
Ville  Marie,  Canada. 

KNIGHTS  OF  THE  ROUND  TABLE  (2nd  S.  ix.  226.) 
—  An  examination  of  the  state  of  Scotland  dur- 
ing and  after  the  Arthurean  age,  will  dissipate 
any  expectation  of  discoveries  in  that  quarter 
anent  the  above  knights.  The  only  people  of 
Scotland,  at  that  time,  who  could  have  received 
and  communicated  any  matters  connected  with 
the  "  good  King  Arthur,"  were  the  race  who  com- 
posed the  paupera  regnum  of  Ystrad  Clwyd,  whose 
situation  with  respect  to  the  Erse  Celts,  or  Scots 
and  Picts,  was  certainly  not  of  a  character  to  cul- 
tivate the  courtesies  of  life.  The  Picts  occupied 
the  whole,  or  nearly  the  whole,  of  the  south  and 
east  of  Scotland ;  and  this  fact  alone,  after  the 
exodus  of  the  Cymry  from  Cumberland,  would 
almost  entirely  exclude  the  Britons  of  Allt  Clwyd 
from  all  intercourse  with  the  Britons  of  the  west 
and  south  of  England.  The  Picts  were  ever 
ready  to  invade  the  lands  of  the  Cymry,  who  ut- 
terly detested  the  Gwyddyl  Fichti.  This  is  evi- 
denced in  the  promptitude  of  the  Picts  in  forming 
alliances  with  Hangst  and  Hros,  and  Ida,  the 
Flamebearer.  The  intensity  of  this  hostility  be- 
tween the  Cymry  and  Picts  can  only  be  accounted 
for  by  their  being  entirely  distinct  races.  Such 
being  the  tone  of  the  relations  of  those  two  races, 
and  the  Britons  being  in  full  possession  of  that  in- 
dispensable element — internal  dissension,  as  wit- 
nesseth  the  battle  of  Arderydd,  the  opportunities 
for  receiving  and  communicating  Arthurean  me- 
morials must  have  been  small  indeed.  Turning  to 
the  Erse  or  Celtic  race,  it  will  be  seen  that  their 
relations  with  the  Britons  were  not  of  a  more 
humanising  tendency  than  those  of  the  Picts. 
This  being  the  result  of  our  inquiries  in  the  pre- 
sent direction,  we  can  scarcely  expect  to  meet 
with  any  memorials  of  the  Round  Table  (Bwrdd 
Crwm)  in  Scotland. 

It  may  not  be  generally  known  that  the  sub- 
stratum of  Arthurean  chivalry  is  to  be  found  in 
the  Triads  contained  in  the  Welsh  archaeology, 
where  not  only  the  principles  of  chivalry  are  to 
be  read,  but  the  names  of  the  principal  personages 
of  Arthur's  court,  as  well  as  most  or  all  of  "  the 
Knights  of  the  Round  Table : "  for  example, 
Guenever,  Qwenhwyvar,  Arthur's  faithless  queen, 
and  other  instances,  though  not  so  clearly  in 
the  case  of  Sir  Lamorake,  whose  unde  derivator  we 
must  seek  through  the  Latin  medium  of  Lomar- 
chus,  in  the  time-honoured  name  of  Llywarch  Hen. 

GOMER. 

FACETIA  (2nd  S.  ix.  403.)  —  Words  of  the  fa- 
mily to  which  facetia  and  facetious  belong  appear 


474 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»dS.  IX.  JUNE  16. '60. 


to  have  occasionally  borne  somewhat  of  the  pecu- 
liar meaning  referred  to  by  your  correspondent, 
before  they  were  so  applied  bibliographically .  The 
following  examples  are  supplied  by  Facciolati :  — 

"Malthinus  tunicis  demissis  ambulat.     Est  qui 
Inguen  ad  obscenum  subductis  usque  facetus." — Hoi: 

"Qui,  quod  verbis  inverecundis  aurium  publicarum  re- 
verentiam  incestant,  granditer  sibi  videntur  facetiari." — 
Apol.  Sidon. 

But  in  the  Canti  carnascialeschi,  Florence,  1559, 
p.  462.,  are  the  following  lines,  referring  to  plays : — 

"Commedie  nuoue  habbiam  composte  in  guisa, 
Che  quando  recitar  le  sentirete, 
Morrete  della  risa, 
Tanto  son  belle,  giocose,  efacete." 

Considering  that  the  plays  in  question  were  to  be 
performed  during  the  carnival,  and  bearing  in 
mind  also  the  loose  character  too  generally  per- 
vading the  early  Italian  "  commedie,"  we  may 
conjecture  that  the  term  facete  here  meant  some- 
thing more  than  giocose  which  it  follows,  and  per- 
haps pointed  to  the  particular  signification  after 
which  your  correspondent  inquires.  No  ladies 
went  to  the  plays  in  question :  — 
"Donne,  che  voi  non  potete  uenire 
A  uederci  alia  stanza."  —  Cant.  earn.  p.  463. 

VEDETTE. 

NAPOLEON  III.  (2nd  S.  ix.  306.)  -*•  It  was  the 
present  Emperor's  elder  brother,  Napoleon  Louis, 
who  married  his  cousin  Charlotte,  daughter  of 
Joseph  Buonaparte,  who,  after  his  arrival  in 
America,  assumed  the  name  of  Comte  de  Survil- 
liers.  I  gave  lessons  in  drawing  to  her  when  in 
Florence  in  1837,  where  she  was  known  and 
spoken  of  Comtesse  de  Survilliers,  as  well  as  Prin- 
cesse  Charlotte  Napoleon.  She  purchased  one  of 
my  drawings  of  Florence,  the  Ponte  Sta  Trinita. 
THOMAS  II.  CROMEK. 

B.  HUYDECOPER  (2nd  S.  ix.  404.)  —  Another 
work  of  Huydecoper's  which  may  be  that  in- 
quired for  by  F.  is  thus  noticed  in  La  Biographic 
Generate,  xxv.  664. :  — 

"  Proeve  van  Taal  en  Dichtkunst  in  vrymoedige  Aan- 
merkungen  op  Vondels  vertaalde  Herscheppingen  van 
Ovidius,  Amsterdam,  1730,  4° ;  Leyde,  1782-1784,  2  vols. 
in  8°,  avec  des  additions,  par  les  soins  de  Lelyveld; 
ouvrage  precieux  qui  contient,  outre  des  excellences  re- 
marques  sur  les  litterateurs  hollondais,  un  tresor  d'obser- 
vations  sur  le  genie  et  Phistoire  de  1'idiome  hollandais." 

The  criticism  of  the  above  is  sound ;  the  biblio- 
graphy very  imperfect.  The  second  volume  ends 
with  the  commentary  on  the  tenth  book  of  the 
Metamorphoses.  Lelyveld  died  before  finishing 
the  third  volume,  which  was  brought  out  by  his 
friend  N.  Hinlopen  in  1788 ;  the  index,  which  oc- 
cupies the  fourth  volume,  was  delayed  till  1793. 
As  "  in  drie  deelen "  is  on  the  title-page  of  the 
first  volume,  an  encyclopaedist  would  be  excused 
for  not  knowing  that  a  fourth  had  been  subse- 
quently published,  but  he  could  hardly  have  read 


enough  even  of  the  first  two  to  warrant  such  high 
praise.  Nevertheless  I  think  it  well  deserved.  I 
believe  that  the  philology  is  good,  and  know  that 
the  "Essays"  are  very  pleasant  reading. 

Inquiries  having  appeared  in  "  N.  &  Q."  as  to 
the  merits  of  the  Biographic  Generate,  I  take  this 
opportunity  of  saying  that  I  find  it  copious  and 
very  useful,  and  of  advising  a  verification  of  the 
references,  whenever  it  can  be  made.  H.  B.  C. 

U.  U.  Club. 

QUAKERS  DESCRIBED  (2ud  S.  ix.  403.)  —  The 
writer  quoted  in  the  North  British  Review  is  the 
once  notorious  Thomas  Paine.  The  passage  is 
contained  in  an  address 

"  To  the  Representatives  of  the  Religious  Societ}'  of  the 
People  called  Quakers,  or  to  so  many  of  them  as  were 
concerned  in  publishing  a  late  piece,  entitled  '  The  Ancient 
Testimony  and  Principles  of  the  People  called  Quakers 
renewed,  with  respect  to  the  King  and  Government,  and 
touching  the  commotions  now  prevailing  in  these  and 
other  parts  of  America,  addressed  to  the  People  in  Gene- 
ral.' " 

The  Address  forms  part  of  an  Appendix  to  a 
pamphlet  entitled  Common  Sense,  addressed  to  the 
Inhabitants  of  America,  Philadelphia,  1 776. 

The  whole  paragraph,  of  which  the  passage  re- 
ferred to  forms  the  concluding  words,  is  as  fol- 
lows :  — 

"  Alas !  it  seems  by  the  particular  tendency  of  some 
part  of  your  testimony,  and  other  parts  of  your  conduct, 
as  if  all  sin  was  reduced  to,  and  comprehended  in,  the  act 
of  bearing  arms,  and  that  by  the  people  only.  Ye  appear 
to  us  to  have  mistaken  party  for  conscience,  because  the 
general  tenor  of  your  actions  wants  uniformity.  And  it 
is  exceedingly  difficult  for  ua  to  give  credit  to  many  of 
your  pretended  scruples,  because  we  see  them  made  by 
the  same  men,  who,  in  the  very  instant  that  they  are  ex- 
claiming against  the  mammon  of  this  world,  are  never- 
theless hunting  after  it  with  a  step  as  steady  as  Time,  and 
an  appetite  as  keen  as  Death." 

'AAtet's. 

Dublin. 

"RIDE"  OR  "DRIVE"  (2nd  S.  ix.  326.  394.)— 
The  question  is  a  little  difficult,  and  only  to  be 
solved  by 

"  Usus 

Quern  penes  arbitrium  est  et  jus  et  norma  loquendi." 

But  you  can  scarcely  say  correctly  "  I  am  going  to 
drive  "  unless  you  intend  to  take  the  reins,  though 
you  may  "  take  a  drive  "  whoever  is  on  the  box. 
Riding  in  a  carriage  is  certainly  obsolete.  I  once 
met  a  -purist,  who  observed  that  it  was  a  delight- 
ful swim  down  the  Clyde  in  a  steamboat.  He  was 
not  a  Scotchman,  but  a  Kentishman  I  believe. 
Invehitur  is  perhaps  the  Latin  word  your  corre- 
spondent wants.  A  Frenchman  "se  promene  a 
pied,  a  cheval,  en  voiture,"  &c.  Scotch  people 
sometimes  talk  of  getting  a  hurl  in  a  coach. 

J.  P.  O. 

BAPTISMAL  NAMES  (2nd  S.  ix,  160.)  —There  is 
a  family  existing  in  this  neighbourhood,  two  sons  of 
whom  were  called  Thankful  and  Tranquil  (Joy), 


2nd  S.  IX.  JUNE  16.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


475 


— the  former  still  living  I  believe  ;  and  in  the  ad- 
joining county  (Dorset)  the  triad,  Faith,  Hope, 
and  Charity  are  not  uncommon.  Much  of  the 
peculiarity  of  choice  in  selecting  such  names  is 
due,  I  conceive,  to  the  veneration  observable  in 
country  districts  for  Scriptural  names,  and  not  to 
the  lingering  remains  of  Puritanical  customs,  as  is 
sometimes  supposed.  Two  at  least  of  the  names 
of  Job's  three  daughters  may  be  occasionally  seen. 
I  have  a  faint  recollection  of  once  meeting  with 
the  third.  (Job  xlii.  14.)  HENRY  W.  S.  TAYLOR. 
Portswood  Park. 

DAVID  WILKINS  (2nd  S.  ix.  452.)  was  created 
D.D.  at  Cambridge,  on  King  George  I.'s  visit  to 
that  University,  Oct.  6,  1717.  In  a  letter  to 
Bishop  Nicolson,  dated  Lambeth,  Oct.  15,  1717, 
he  says :  — 

"  I  am  but  just  returned  from  Cambridge,  where  I  bad 
the  good  fortune  to  be  created  Doctor  of  Divinity  by  Dr. 
Bentley.  The  good  Bishop  of  Norwich  had  so  much 
kindness  for  me,  as  to  put  me  in  the  King's  list  of  his  own 
accord,  by  which  I  saved  a  great  sum  of  money :  only 
my  exercises  I  had  composed  in  vain,  and  reckon  so 
much  time  lost." 

There  is  a  good  account  of  Dr.  Wilkins  in  Mr. 
Pigot's  recently  published  History  of  Hadleigh, 
54.  68.  205.  seq.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

"  Do  YOU  KNOW  DR.  WRIGHT  or  NORWICH  ?  " 
(2nd  S.  ix.  386.)  —  Having  known  the  late  Dr. 
Wright  of  Norwich  many  years,  I  am  enabled  to 
say,  in  answer  to  the  Query  of  E.,  that  the  doctor 
was  very  convivial,  and  also  very  apt  to  stop  the 
bottle.  Indeed  so  much  so,  that' the  above  phrase 
was  common  in  the  circles  which  he  frequented, 
and  he  himself  used  to  refer  to  its  applicability  to 
himself  with  perfect  good  humour.  F.  C.  H. 

Forty  years  ago  a  Freshman  in  like  circum- 
stances at  Oxford  was  always  asked,  "  Do  you 
know  Jenkins  ?  "  to  which  he  generally  replied, 
"  What  Jenkins  ?  "  He  was  again  asked,  "  Jen- 
kins of  Worcester,"  or  any  other  college.  "  No; 
what  of  him  ?  "  —  "  Oh  !  poor  fellow,  it  was  a 
shocking  thing,  but  you  know  they  hanged  him  !" 
— "  Hanged  him  ?  " —  "  Yes !  they  strung  him  up 
in  the  middle  of  a  wine  party."  — "  Rut  what 
for  ?  " —  "  Why  for  stopping  the  bottle  !  " 

J.  P.  O. 

QUIST  (2nd  S.  ix.  364.)  —Is  a  Swedish  word, 
and  means  "  branch."  MR.  R.  S.  CHARNOCK  will 
find  a  very  rich  material  about  Swedish  personal 
names  in  E.  M.  Arndt's  Scfuoedische  Geschichten. 

F.  A.  LEO. 

Berlin. 

SOUTHEY' s  BIRTHPLACE  (2n(1  S.  viii.  363.)  — 
MR.  PRYCE  informs  us  that  Southey  was  born  at 
No.  11.  Wine  Street,  Bristol.  From  his  great 
local  knowledge,  he  is  most  probably  right.  I 
beg,  however,  to  direct  his  attention  to  a  different 


statement  in  Murray's  Handbook  for  Wilts,  Dorset, 
and  Somerset.     At  page  153.  it  is  said  that  — 

"  Southey  was  born  next  door  to  the  White  Lion  Inn, 
of  which  the  landlord  was  the  father  of  Sir  Thomas 
Lawrence,  who  was  born  there,  1769." 

JOHN  WILLIAMS. 

Arno's  Court. 

PENCIL  WRITING  (2"d  S.  ix.  403.)  — S.  B.  will 
find  an  article  on  "  Black  Lead"  in  Beckmann's 
History  of  Inventions,  vol.  iv.  p.  345.  (third  edi- 
tion, 1817.)  B.  F.  SKETCHLEY. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 

Ancient  Armour  and  Weapons  in  Europe,  from  the  Iron 
Period  of  the  Northern  Nations  to  the  End  of  the  Seven" 
teenth  Century.  With  Illustrations  from  ' Cotemporary 
Monuments.  By  Thomas  Hewitt,  Member  of  the  Archaeo- 
logical Institute  of  Great  Britain.  Vol.  II.  The  Four- 
teenth Century,  and  Supplement  comprising  the  15th, 
16th,  and  17th  Centuries.  (J.  H.  &  J.  Parker.) 

We  have  in  these  two  handsomely  printed  and  beauti- 
fully illustrated  volumes,  the  completion  of  Mr.  Hewitt's 
Ancient  Armour  and  Weapons  in  Europe,  a  work  «t  once 
instructive  to  the  antiquary,  indispensable  to  the  library 
of  every  archasologist,  and  full  of  interest  and  amusement 
for  the  general  reader.  Well  does  Mr.  Hewitt  remark 
that  there  is  no  period  in  military  science  and  knightly 
equipment  so  interesting  as  the  fourteenth  century  to  the 
historian,  the  painter,  and  the  archaeologist;  and  we 
have  but  to  turn  over  the  pages  of  his  second  volume  to 
feel  the  truth  of  this  statement.  While,  when  we  come 
to  the  third  volume,  or  Supplement,  in  which  Mr.  Hewitt 
carries  on  his  history  through  the  16th,  17th,  and  18th 
centuries,  we  cannot  but  be  gratified  that  he  lias  not  con- 
fined his  researches  to  the  preceding  ages.  The  work 
exhibits  in  every  page  marks  of  untiring  industry;  and 
the  careful  reference  to  his  authorities,  which  Mr.  "Hewitt 
so  conscientiously  produces,  gives  additional  value  to  a 
book  which  will  from  this  time,  we  have  no  doubt,  take 
its  place  as  the  standard  authority  on  the  curious  and 
important  subject  to  which  it  relates.  Mr.  Hewitt  and 
his  readers  are  alike  indebted  to  Mr.  Parker  for  the  pro- 
fusion and  beauty  of  the  woodcuts  with  which  the  book 
is  embellished. 

Opuscula.  Essays  chiefly  Philological  and  Ethnogra- 
phical. By  Robert  Gordon  Latham,  M.A.,  M.D.,  &c. 
(Williams  £  Norgate.) 

The  present  volume,  as  will  be  seen  from  the  title- 
page,  consists  of  Essays  chiefly  upon  philological  and 
ethnographical  subjects,  published  by  the  learned  author 
sometimes  as  separate  treatises,  and  sometimes  as  appen- 
dices to  larger  works,  between  the  years  1840  and  1856. 
As  they  consist  of  nearty  forty  different  papers,  of  which 
Dr.  Latham  modestly  observes,  that  "  some  of  the  de- 
tails of  the  investigations  may  be  uninteresting  from 
their  minuteness,  some  from  their  obscurity,"  it  is  ob- 
vious that  any  attempt  to  describe  them  would  be  far 
beyond  our  limits.  We  must  content  ourselves,  therefore, 
with  directing  the  attention  to  our  philological  readers  to 
a  volume  in  which  they  will  find  much  to  interest  them. 
The  volume  is  an  indispensable  companion  to  the  valuable 
Collection  of  Philological  Essays  by  the  late  Mr.  Garnett, 
lately  issued  by  the  same  publishers. 

SIR  WILLIAM  BETHAM'S  MSS.  —The valuable  collec- 
tion of  Genealogical  and  Heraldic  Manuscripts  belonging 
to  the  late  Sir  Wm.  Betham,  Ulster  King-of-Arms,  were 


476 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


g.  IX.  JUNE  16.  '60. 


sold  by  Messrs.  Sotheby  and  Wilkinson,  on  May  10,  1860. 
Out  of  217  lots  110  were  purchased  by  Sir  Thomas  Phillipps, 
including  all  the  Wills,  collections  for  the  Baronage  and 
Baronetage,  marriage  licences,  pedigrees  of  Irish  families, 
and  the  Visitation  of  Yorkshire.  Sir  Bernard  Burke 
secured  thirty  lots,  including  the  Collectanea  Genealo- 
gica,  in  5  vols.,  and  a  portion  of  the  pedigrees  of  Irish 
families.  The  British  Museum  only  twelve  lots,  includ- 
ing Lodge's  Collection  of  Pedigrees  of  Irish  Families,  and 
his  Peerage  of  Ireland  interleaved,  and  several  volumes 
of  Collectanea  Genealogica,  Sir  Wm.  Segar's  Barona- 
gium  Genealogicum  was  bought  for  the  Heralds'  College 
for  451.  This  important  collection  of  MSS.  realised 
2194Z.  15s.  6d.  The  following  documents  are  of  the 
highest  importance  to  genealogists  and  antiquaries :  — 

Betham  Correspondence.  Letter  Books  of  Sir  William 
Betham,  containing  copies  of  his  Correspondence  with  the 
Nobility  and  Gentry,  chiefly  on  genealogical  matters 
from  1810  to  1849.  17  vols.  folio.  621. 

Collectanea  Genealogica.  A  Collection  of  Pedigrees  of 
Irish  Families,  compiled  by  Sir  Wm.  Betham,  from  the 
Wills,  Acts  of  Administration,  Marriage  Licences,  and 
other  evidences  of  every  family  whose  Wills  appear  re- 
corded in  the  Prerogative  Court,  Dublin,  from  the  earliest 
period  to  the  year  1800,  with  arms  in  trick,  and  Indexes. 
34  vols.  folio,  70/. 

Marriage  Licences.  Abstract  of  all  the  Marriage  Li- 
cences in  the  Prerogative  Court  of  Ireland  from  the 
earliest  entry  to  1800,  extracted  from  the  original  regis- 
ters. 16  vols.  8vo.  917.  These  volumes  contain  much 
valuable  information  relating  to  Family  History. 

Wills.  Genealogical  Abstract  of  all  the  Wills  in  the 
Prerogative  Office  of  Ireland  from  the  earliest  record  to 
the  year  1800.  80  vols.  12mo.  160J. 

BOOKS  RECEIVED  — 

A  Lennox  Garland  gleaned  from  divers  Fields  of  Scot- 
tish Poesy.  (Dumbarton.) 

A  little  volume  (privately  printed,  we  believe)  in  which 
the  Editor  has  shown  a  right  spirit  by  gathering  to- 
gether all  the  old  poetry  concerning  the  Lennox  Dis- 
trict. Would  that  all  local  antiquaries  would  follow  the 
good  example ! 

Longfellow's  Prose  Works  Illustrated  by  Birket  Foster. 
Parts  V.,  VI.,  VII.  and  VIII.  (Dean  &  Son.) 

This  is,  we  believe,  the  first  illustrated  edition  of  the 
Hyperion — and  very  beautifully  the  work  is  got  up.  The 
illustrations  are  worthy  of  Mr. 'Foster's  reputation. 


Urim  and  Thummim — An  Inquiry.     (J.  F.  Shaw.) 

An  ingenious  endeavour  to  prove  the  existence  of  a 
sign  or  token  granted  especially  to  the  Jew,  but  vouch- 
safed to  all  mankind. 

English  History,  with  very  copious  Notices  of  the  Cus- 
toms, Manners,  Dress,  Arts,  Commerce,  fyc.  of  the  dif- 
ferent Periods.  By  Henry  Ince  and  James  Gilbert.  (Kent 
&Co.) 

The  sale  of  170,000  copies  of  the  well-known  Outlines 
of  English  History  has  induced  the  authors  of  it  to  pre- 
pare a  considerably  extended  edition  of  it  for  use  not 
only  in  families,  but  in  higher  schools  and  universities, 
and  the  result  is  certainly  a  most  useful  and  comprehen- 
sive book. 

Notes  on  the  Geology,  Mineralogy,  and  Springs  of  Eng- 
land and  Wales.  By  Edwin  Adams.  (Longman.) 

A  brief  but  very  useful  sketch  of  the  physical  history 
of  these  islands. 

Trevenan  Court ;  a  Tale.    By  E.  A.  B.    (Masters.) 

One  of  those  fictions  for  the  inculcation  of  Church 
principles  which  have  been  so  popular  of  late  years,  and 
far  from  one  of  the  least  interesting  of  them. 


to 

Among  other  Papers  of  interest  which  we  have  in  type  for  early  inser- 
tion, but  which  wehave  nut  found  roomfor  this  week,  are  —  Vermilion,  by 
Sir  Emerson  Tennt.nl;  James  Land  the  Recusants,  by  Mr.  Gardiner; 
Technical  Memory  applied  to  the  Bible,  by  Canon  Williams;  tome 
farther  Stray  Notes  on  Edmund  Curll,  &c. 

J.  W.  R.  (Newcastle-on-Tyne.)  Mr.  Waller,  the  dealer  in  autographs, 
of  Fleet  Street. 

THE  MERMAID  TAVERN.  P.  S.  D.  is  referred  for  information  on  this 
subject  to  Cunningham's  Handbook  of  London,  p.  332.,  and  Hunter's 
New  Illustrations  of  Shakspeare,  ii.  p.  47. 

Ax  T.  L.  The  Query  on  "  Surplices  not  worn  on  Good  Friday"  ap- 
peared in  our  last  volume,  p.  415. 

FUIMCS.  The  lines  on  a  "  Report  of  an  Adjudged  Case  "  are  by  Cow- 
per. 

T.  W.  must  apply  to  some printseller. 

ERRATA.—  2nd  S.  ix.  p.  376.  col.  i.  1.  19.  after  "fess  "  insert  "gu.;" 
2nd  S.  ix.  p.  433.  col.  ii.  1. 5.  from  bottom,  for  "  Wael's  "  read  "  Wall's." 

"NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  11 8.  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  0/fice  Order  in 
favour  of  MESSRS.  BELL  AND  DALor,186.  FLEET  STREET,  E.G.;  to  whom 


all  Com 


should  be  addressed. 


This  day  is  published,  • 

AN 

ESSAY  ON  THE  NATIONAL  CHARACTER 
OF  THE  ATHENIANS. 

BY   JOHN    BROWN    PATTERSON. 

A  New  Edition.    Edited  from  the  Author's  Revision,  by  PROFESSOR 
PILLANS,  of  the  University  of  Edinburgh. 

With  a  Biographical  Notice. 
WILLIAM  BLACKWOOD  &  SONS,  Edinburgh  and  London. 

Just  published,  price  2s.  ;  by  Post  for  25  Stamps, 

QHALL    THE    NEW   FOREIGN    OFFICE   BE 

O  GOTHIC  OR  CLASSIC  ?  A  Plea  for  the  Former  :  addressed  to 
the  Members  of  the  House  of  Commons.  BySIRFRANCIS  B.SCOTT, 
BART.,  Chairman  of  the  Government  School  of  Art,  Birmingham. 

London  :  BELL  &  DALDY,  186.  Fleet  Street,  B.C. 
Just  published,  price  Is. ;  by  Post  for  13  Stamps, 

CLASSIC  OR  PSEUDO-GOTHIC.     A  Reply  to 

\J    a  Pamphlet  entitled  "  Shall  Gothic  Architecture  be  denied  Fair 
London:  BELL  &  DALDY,  186.  Fleet  Street, E.C. 


This  day  is  published, 

THE    LUCK     OF    LADYSMEDE. 

In  Two  Volumes,  Post  Octavo. 

Originally  Published  in  "  Blackwood's  Magazine." 

WILLIAM  BLACKWOOD  &  SONS,  Edinburgh  and  London. 

DIAPHANIE,  or  the    Art  of  Imitating   Stained 
Glass,  adapted  for  Church  or  Staircase  Windows,  Conservatories, 
&c.    A.  MARION  &  CO.  suggest  to  those  whose  windows  overlook  un- 
sightly walls,  or  objects,  that  the  art  of  DIAPHANIE  offers  to  them  a 
means  of  remedying  the  inconvenience  at  a  trifling  cost. 

Book  of  Instructions  sent  Post  Free  for  6d.  Book  of  Etchings  Post 
Free  Gratis.  A  handsome  specimen  of  the  art  adapted  to  their  shop 
doors  may  be  seen  at  A.  MARION  &  CO.'s,  152.  Regent  Street,  London, 
W.  Wholesale  and  Retail. 

Agents  at  Leeds  ;  MESSRS.  HARVEY,  REYNOLDS  &  FOWLER. 

ALLEN'S    PATENT    PORTMANTEAUS    and 

XTL  TRAVELLING  BAGS,  with  SQUARE  OPENING  ;  Ladies' 
Dress  Trunks.  Dressing  Bass,  with  Silver  Fittings ;  Despatch  Boxes, 
Writing  and  Dressing  Cases,  and  500  other  Articles  for  Home  or  Con- 
tinental Travelling,  illustrated  in  the  New  Catalogue  for  1860.  By 
Post  for  Two  Stamps. 

J.  W.  ALLEN  (late  J.  W.  &  T.  Allen),  Manufacturers  of  Officers' 
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18.  &  22.  Strand,  London,  W.C. ;  also  at  Aldershot. 


2»d  S.  IX.  JUNE  16.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


UNITED   KINGDOM 
LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  S.W. 

The  Hon.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 

CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  Esq.,  Deputy  Chairman. 

FOURTH  DIVISION  OF  PROFITS. 

SPECIAL  NOTICE — Parties  desirous  of  participating  in  the  fourth 
division  of  profits  to  be  declared  on  all  policies  effected  prior  to  the  31st 
December  next  year,  should,  in  order  to  enjoy  the  same,  make  imme- 
diate application.  There  have  already  been  three  divisions  of  profits, 
and  the  bonuses  divided  have  averaged  nearly  2  per  cent,  per  annum  on 
the  suins  assured,  or  from  30  to  100  per  cent,  on  the  premiums  paid, 
without  imparting  to  the  recipients  the  risk  of  copartnership,  aa  is  the 
case  in  mutual  societies. 

To  show  more  clearly  what  these  bonuses  amount  to,  three  following 
cases  are  put  forth  as  examples 

Sum  Insured.         Bonuses  added.         Amount  payable  up  to  Dec.,  1854. 
£5,000  £1,987  10s.  46.987  10s. 

1,000  397  I  Os.  1,397  10*. 

100  39  15s.  139  15s. 

Notwithstanding  these  large  additions,  the  premiums  are  on  the 
lowest  scale  compatible  with  security  for  the  payment  of  the  policy  when 
death  arises;  in  addition  to  which  advantages,  one  half  of  the  annual 
premiums  may,  if'desired,  for  the  term  of  five  years,  remain  unpaid  at 
5  per  cent,  interest,  the  other  half  being  advanced  by  the  company  with- 
out security  or  deposit  of  the  policy. 

The  Assets  of  the  Company  at  the  31st  December,  1858,  amounted 
tojg652,6l8  3s.  10<7.,  all  of  which  has  been  invested  in  Government  and 
other  approved  securities. 

No  charge  for  Volunteer  Military  Corps  whilst  serving  in  the  United 
Kingdom.  r 

Policy  Stamps  paid  by  the  Office.  /" 

Immediate  application  should  be  made  to  the  Resident  Director,  8. 
Waterloo  Place,  Pall  Mall.-By  order, 

P.  MACINTYRE,  Secretary. 

WESTERN    LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 
ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON, S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  184S. 


H.  E.  Bicknell.Esq. 

T.  8.  Cocks,  ESQ. 

O.  H.Drew, Esq. M.A. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

F.  Fuller. Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.EsQ. 


Directors. 


E.  Lucas,  ESQ. 
F.B.  Marson,  Esq. 
A.  Robinson,  Esq. 
J.L.  Seager,  Esq. 
J.B. White, Esq. 


Physician.  -W.  R.  Basham,  M.D. 

Bankers.  —  Messrs.  Cocks,  Biddulph.and  Co. 

Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  this  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  paying  a  Premium,  as  permission  is  given  upon 
application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  the  con- 
ditions detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

LOANS  from  100Z.  to  500Z.  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 
Security. 

Attention  is  also  invited  to  the  rates  of  annuity  granted  to  old  lives, 
for  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 
Example  :  100L  cash  paid  down  purchase  s  —  An  annuity  of—* 
£  s.  d. 

10   4    0  to  a  male  life  aged  60) 
12    S    l  „  65  (.Payable  as  long 

14  16    3  „  70  f    as  he  is  alive. 

18  11  10  „  75J 


MR. 


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SITION of  the  TRUE  LAW  OF  SICKNESS. 

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Manufacturing  Stationers  :  1.  Chancery  Lane,  and  192.  Fleet  St.  E.C. 


CLERGY  MUTUAL   ASSURANCE  SOCIETY, 
3.  Broad  Sanctuary,  Westminster. 
Patrons—  The  Archbishops  of  CANTERBURY  and  YORK. 

Trustees  — The  Bishops  of  London  and  Winchester,  the  Dean  of  West- 
minster, and  the  Archdeacon  of  Maidstone. 

Council  of  Reference  —  The  Archbishops,  and  Bishops  of  London,  Dur- 
ham and  Winchester. 

Chan-man  of  Directors—  The  Archdeacon  of  LONDON. 
Deputy  Chairman  —  F.  L.  WOLLASTON,  Esq.,  M.A. 

The  present  amount  assured  upon  life  exceeds  3,000,OOOZ. 

The  invested  capital  is  upwards  of  910,000*. 

The  annual  income  is  upwards  of  120,0007. 

Clergymen,  and  the  wives,  widows,  sons,  and  daughters  of  clergymen, 
and  the  near  relations  of  clergymen,  and  the  near  relatiens  of  the 
wives  of  clergymen,  are  qualified  to  effect  assurances  upon  their  lives 
in  this  Society  to  any  nmount  not  exceeding  ,')000/.  The  rates  of  pre- 
mium are  moderate  ;  there  are  no  proprietors  to  share  in  the  profits,  the 
whole  of  the  surplus  capital,  assigned  every  fifth  year,  being  appro- 
priated to  the  assured  members. 

The  next  bonus  will  be  in  the  year  1861. 

Assurances  upon  life  may  be  made  in  this  Society  upon  payment  of 
reduced  annual  premiums,  viz.,  upon  payment  of  four-fifths  of  the 
rates  chargeable,  one-fifth  remaining  in  arrear,  to  be  paid  off  from  time 
to  time  by  bonus. 

Prospectuses  and  forms  of  application  for  assurances  may  be  obtained 
at  the  office!  or  by  letter  to  the  Secretary. 

JOHN  HODGSON,  M.A.,  Sec. 


Entertainment    and    Science    combined    for 
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477 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JUNE  23.  I860. 


3K  234  — CONTENTS, 

NOTES:— Vermilion,  477  — Technical  Memory  applied  to 
the  Bible,  450  —  Holland  in  1625,  481. 

MIKOR  NOTES:  — Character  of  St.  Paul's  Handwriting,  Ga- 
latians  vi.  11  — A  curious  Jewish  Custom  — Mary  Queen 
of  Scots'  Missal  —  Postage  Stamps,  482. 

QUERIES :  —  Pull-bottomed  Wigs,  483  —Law  Officers  — 
Lines  on  a  Pigeon  —  "  Investigator  "  —  "  Most  Reverend," 
and  "  Right  Reverend  "  —  General  Breezo  —  Children  with 
Beards— "Miss  in  her  Teens" —Whistle  Tankards  — 
Helen  Home  of  Ninewells  —  Earldom  of  Moray  —  Armo- 
rial Bearings—  Chair  at  Canterbury  —  Portrait  of  Charles, 
Sixth  Lord  Baltimore  —  Knighthood  conferred  by  the 
Lords  Justices  of  Ireland,  483. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  —  "  Case  for  the  Spectacles  "  — 
Henpecked—  Morice  or  Morrice  Family—  Sterne  —  Ed- 
ward Chamber layne,  LL.D.  — Sorrel  and  Sir  John  Fen- 
wick  —  Thomas  Fuller,  M.D.— Bath  Family — Married  by 
the  Hangman,  485. 

REPLIES  :  —  Temples :  Churches,  why  so  called  ?  487  — 
Burning  of  the  Jesuitical  Books,  488  — The  Label  in  He- 
raldry, 489  —  Balk,  and  Pightel  or  Pikle:  Ventilate,  Ib.— 
Dutch  Tragedy,  491— Wright  of  Plowland  — A  Father's 
Justice  —  Urchin  —  Henry  King  —  March  Hares  —  Mil- 
ton's Sonnet  to  Henry  Lawes  —  Plough  —  Publication  of 
Banns  —  Male  and  Female  Swans  —  "  End  "  —  The  Psalter 
of  the  Blessed  Virgin  — Mrs.  Dugald  Stewart  —  Passage  in 
Menander  —  An  Essay  of  Afflictions  —  Laystall  —  Britain 
1116  B.C.— Coldharbour:  Coal— Irish  Celebrities:  Gari- 
baldi, &c,  — "Vant,"  Derivation  of  — Pope  and  Hogarth 
—  Martha  Gunn  —  Muswell,  Clerkenwell— Poor  Belle  — 
Kippen— Eyelin,  491. 

Notes  on  Books. 


VERMILION. 

There  Is  something  unsatisfactory  and  obscure 
ill  the  derivations  commonly  assigned  to  the  word 
vermilion.  English  lexicographers  are  content  to 
trace  it  to  "  vermiculus,  a  little  worm"  :  assigning 
as  a  reason  that  "  the  colour  is  derived  from  a 
worm"  (see  Worcester's  Diet.,  in  verb.).  Mis- 
led by  tin's  false  theory  as  to  the  origin  of  the 
substance,  Dr.  Johnson  (who  abstains  from  offer- 
ing any  derivation  for  the  word  itself)  identifies 
"  vermilion  "  with  cochineal,  which  he  calls  "  the 
grub  of  a  plant;"  but,  apparently  doubtful  of  his 
own  accuracy,  he  assigns  as  a  second  meaning 
that  which  is  in  reality  the  true  one,  namely,  that 
vermilion  is  "factitious  or  native  cinnabar ;  sulphur 
mixed  with  mercury."  "This,"  he  adds,  "is  the 
usual  but  not  the  primitive  signification."  All 
the  great  modern  dictionaries,  however — Italian, 
Spanish,  and  French,  concur  in  the  same  ex- 
planation, and  refer  to  "vermiculus"  as  the  root 
of  the  word  "  vermilion." 

The  anomaly  of  this  etymology  arises  from  the 
fact  that  vermilion  being  a  bisulphuret  of  mer- 
cury, is  entirely  distinct  from  the  dye  obtained 
from  the  coccus  or  from  the  cochineal  insect,  and 
has  therefore  nothing  in  common  with  any  "worm" 
whatever. 


To  make  this  objection  more  clear,  it  must  be 
borne  in  mind  that  the  ancients  had  two  descrip- 
tions of  red  :  one,  the  transparent  tint  produced 
from  the  coccus,  an  insect  which  attaches  itself  to 
the  oak,  and  from  which  the  Greeks  and  Romans 
extracted  the  dye  applied  to  cloth  ;  the  other,  the 
opaque  earthy  and  mineral  pigments  with  which 
they  painted  their  woodwork  and  walls.  The 
substance  known  to  us  as  vermilion  belongs  to 
the  latter  class. 

As  to  the  first,  it  is  perhaps  unnecessary  to  pre- 
mise that  it  is  an  error  to  designate  the  coccus  as 
"  a  worm."  The  word  literally  means  a  "  grain  " 
or  "  berry  ; "  and  was  applied  by  the  Greeks  to 
the  insect  itself,  which  in  no  one  of  its  stages 
bears  any  resemblance  to  a  worm.  This  sug- 
gests the  conjecture  whether  the  word  vermes  or 
vermiculus  may  not  have  been  used  to  designate 
any  "creeping  thing"  by  the  Romans,  just  as  Shak- 
speare  and  Milton  call  the  serpent  a  worm,  and 
we  still  apply  the  same  term  to  the  caterpillar  of 
the  silk-moth.  The  error,  however,  prevailed  be- 
fore the  age  of  Pliny,  who  found  it  necessary  to 
explain  that  the  coccus  was  called  vermiculus  be- 
cause, as  he  says,  "  est  genus  in  Attica  fere  et 
Asia  nascens,  celerrime  in  vermiculum  se  mutans 
quod  ideo  OKUX^KLOV  (vermiculum)  vocant"(b.xxiv. 
c.  4.)  All  the  modern  Latin  lexicographers,  from 
Isidorus  of  Seville,  in  the  seventh  century,  to 
Facciolati,  repeat  the  same  story.  Stephanus  says 
that  what  the  Greeks  call  KO/C/COS,  "  nos  rubrum 
seu  vermiculum  dicimus :  est  enim  vermiculus  ex 
silvestribus  frondibus." 

The  error  as  to  the  insect  was  afterwards  ex- 
tended to  the  colour  which  it  yields,  and  vermi- 
culus in  Latin  came  to  signify  the  bright  red  tint 
known  to  the  Greeks  as  K&KKIVOS.  Stephanus  ap- 
pears to  have  had  some  doubt  whether  this  was 
not  a  modern  misapplication :  "  quin  recentiore 
aetate  dictum  sit  dubitare  nos  non  sinunt  Gallo- 
rum  vermeil  et  vermilion  Hispanorumque  bermejo 
et  bermellon"  But  Gesner  establishes  its  anti- 
quity by  a  reference  to  Columella,  who  speaks  of 
"  red  grapes "  as  uvce  vermiculce,  and  applies  the 
same  term  to  **  red  wheat." 

In  the  second  class  of  opaque  reds,  the  pigment 
first  known  to  the  ancients  was  red-ochre  ;  earth 
tinged  with  a  peroxide  of  iron,  which  was  called 
ultras  by  the  Greeks,  and  sinopis  by  the  Romans, 
from  its  being  found  at  Sinope  in  Pontus.  With 
this  they  decorated  their  galleys  ;  whence  Homer 
designates  the  ships  of  Ulysses  as  p.i\roiraprioi 
(ib.  ii.  637.),  and  Herodotus  says  all  ships  were 
smeared  with  it,  /^ATTj.Xoupees  (b.  iii.  58.).  Hero- 
dotus also  describes  two  tribes  of  Libyans  who 
coloured  their  bodies  with  pixros  (b.  iv.  c.  191. 
194.);  and  ^Elian  incidentally  mentions  that  the 
practice  prevailed  in  some  parts  of  India  of  ting- 
ing the  eyes  with  it  (b.  xviii.  c.  25.). 

Pliny  attests  that  this  earthy  red,  "rubrica" 


478 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  s.  IX.  JUNE  23.  '60. 


ilB  he  calls  it,  was  in  use  in  the  early  ages  (be- 
fore the  discovery  of  the  mineral  reds  known  as 
minium  and  cinnabar)  for  painting  the  statues  of 
Jupiter  ;  and  he  quotes  the  authority  of  Verrius 
to  show  that  victorious  generals  painted  their 
bodies  with  it,  and  that,  so  adorned,  Camillas 
celebrated  his  triumph  after  the  conquest  of  the 
Gauls  (b.  xxxiii.  36.).  But  Pliny  falls  into  the 
double  error  of  confounding  the  earthy  with  the 
metallic  reds,  identifying  "  minium"  with  JU/ATOS 
(although  he  states  that  the  former  was  identical 
with  cinnabar)  ;  and  of  supposing  that  cinnabar, 
instead  of  being  a  chemical  product  of  quick- 
silver, was  the  arboreal  exudation  still  known  by 
the  mythical  name  of  "dragon's  blood,"  because, 
says  Pliny,  it  consists  of  the  "  gore  expressed  from 
the  body  of  the  dying  dragon  when  crushed  by 
the  elephants,  mingled  with  the  blood  of  both  the 
combatants"  (xxxiii.  38.).  Dioscorides  was  ac- 
quainted with  the  true  origin  of  cinnabar,  and 
says  it  was  prepared  from  quicksilver,  — 


Kal  rovrov  KiwaSdpcws  k.eyofjLfvov,  V.  110.)  —  but  even 
he  is  confused  between  cinnabar  and  O.HIMOV,  minium; 
and,  in  speaking  of  cinnabar,  Vitruvius  always 
uses  the  term  minium  (de  Archit.,  b.  vii.  9.).  But 
the  narrative  of  Pliny,  however  confused,  serves 
to  establish  the  fact  that  the  use  of  red  ochre  as  a 
paint  was  superseded  by  the  discovery  of  vermi- 
lion, the  extraction  of  which  from  native  cinnabar 
he  describes  with  accuracy  as  practised  in  his 
time  in  Spain  and  Asia  Minor.  He  proceeds  to 
explain  that  the  painters,  who  were  at  first  in- 
duced by  the  superior  brilliancy  of  vermilion  to 
adopt  it  in  their  monochrome  pictures,  finding  its 
tendency  to  discoloration,  and  the  trouble  thereby 
entailed  in  protecting  or  renewing  it,  were  forced 
to  discontinue  its  use,  and  to  return  to  that  of 
ochre  "rubrica"  and  sinopis  (b.  xxxiii.  39.). 
Notwithstanding  these  errors  of  Pliny,  however, 
he  avoided  the  mistake  of  confounding  vermilion 
with  vermiculus,  which  latter  he  describes  cor- 
rectly as  the  produce  of  the  insect  which  attacks 
the  oak  (xxiv.  6.). 

The  Hebrews  were  aware  of  the  distinction  be- 
tween the  two  substances.  There  are  but  two 
cases  in  the  Old  Testament  in  which  the  Hebrew 
words  for  red  paint  are  represented  in  our  Eng- 
lish version  by  "  vermilion  "  ;  and  there  is  reason 
to  believe,  notwithstanding  the  opposite  opinion 
of  commentators,  and  a  different  rendering  both 
in  the  Septuagint  and  Vulgate,  that  this  trans- 
lation is  correct,  and  that  the  pigment  in  question 
was  the  true  bisulphuret  of  mercury.  The  first 
instance  is  that  in  which  Jeremiah  (ch.  xxii.  v. 
14.)  speaks  of  a  ceiling  of  cedarwood  "  painted 
with  vermilion  ;  "  and  the  other  in  Ezekiel,  xxiii. 
14.,  refers  to  "  men  pourtrayed  upon  the  wall, 
the  images  of  the  Chaldseans  pourtrayed  with 
Vermilion."  The  term  in  the  Hebrew  text  in 


both  cases  is  ""It-^  shasher,  a  word  not  occurring 
elsewhere,  and  which  the  Septuagint  renders 
iuiAT$>  in  Jeremiah,  and  ypa^i5i  in  Ezekiel.  The 
Vulgate,  with  similar  indecision,  translates  shdsher 
in  the  first  passage  sinopide,  which  is  equivalent 
to  the  p.l\ros  of  the  Greeks,  and  the  "  rubrica  "  of 
Pliny  ;  and  in  the  second,  substitutes  for  it  the 
comprehensive  term  "  coloribus" 

Kimchi,  the  Spanish  Rabbi  of  the  thirteenth 
century,  in  his  Commentary  assumes  shdsker  to  be 
"dragon's  blood;"  and  Gesenius  believes  it  to 
be  red  ochre.  It  is  possible,  however,  that  the 
Babylonians  may  have  ascertained  the  existence 
and  use  of  vermilion,  the  mode  of  preparing 
which  was  known  both  to  the  Hindoos  and  Chi- 
nese at  a  very  remote  period.  And  it  is  evident 
that  the  Hebrews  avoided  the  mistake  of  sup- 
posing vermilion,  or  whatever  pigment  was  meant 
by  shasher,  to  be  identical  with  the  red  tint  ex- 
tracted from  the  coccus  ;  for  in  the  passages 
which  refer  to  the  dyeing  of  cloth,  the  Old  Testa- 

ment writers  use    the  term  *}&     Jw"^»  tolaath 


shani,  literally  the  "  scarlet  worm." 

.In  the  Apocryphal  Book  of  the  Wisdom  of  Solo- 
mon, allusion  is  made  to  a  carpenter  carving  an 
image  out  of  wood,  and  "  laying  it  over  with 
vermilion  and  paint"  (xiii.  14.)  As  no  Hebrew 
original  exists  of  this  book,  which  may  have  been 
written  in  Greek  by  Alexandrian  Jews,  we  can 
only  refer  to  the  Septuagint,  which  renders  the 
passage  Kara.xpi<ras  ^U/AT&>  KOI  <pvK€i  epv&yvas,  K.  r.  A.  ; 
and  to  the  Vulgate,  which  gives  "  rubrica  "  as  the 
equivalent  of  /ziAr<p. 

The  error  of  confounding  the  colours  produced 
from  two  such  opposite  sources  was  also  avoided 
by  the  Greeks,  who  discriminated  between  the 
transparent  red  of  the  coccus,  ^KKIVOV,  and  the 
opaque  scarlet  of  cinnabar,  Kiwd0apt. 

The  Persians  and  Arabs  were  equally  clear  in 
referring  the  crimson  dye  of  their  dresses  to  the 
kermez  and  kermesi,  which  Salmasius  believed  to 
be  a  derivative  from  the  Latin  "  vermis" 

But  the  Romans,  whilst  they  themselves  avoided 
the  error  of  confounding  the  distinct  origins  of 
the  earthy  and  insect  pigments,  mainly  contributed 
to  the  confusion  which  afterwards  arose,  in  con- 
sequence of  their  applying  one  and  the  same  term, 
"  vermiculus"  to  denote  the  several  varieties  of 
red  colours,  obtained  from  such  dissimilar  sub- 
stances. At  what  precise  time  this  confusion  was 
introduced  it  is  difficult  at  the  present  day  to 
determine  ;  but  proofs  are  abundant  that  at  a 
very  early  period  the  whole  of  these  substances, 
including  the  dye  of  the  coccus,  the  red  oxide  of 
lead  known  as  minium,  and  cinnabar  the  bisul- 
phuret of  mercury,  were  indiscriminately  called 
by  one  common  epithet  of  vermiculus,  which  be- 
came vermilium  in  mediaeval  Latin,  vermiglia  in 
Italian,  vermdlon  in  Spanish,  vermelh  in  Pro- 


2nd  S.  IX.  JUNE  23.  '60.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


479 


vengal,  and  vermilion  in  French  ;  all  referable  to 
the  t>arae  common  root. 

But  a  more  curious  inquiry  arises  from  the 
circumstance  that  at  a  somewhat  later  period  this 
obscurity  was  corrected  so  far  as  regards  one  in- 
dividual of  the  class ;  the  bisulphuret  of  mer- 
cury succeeded  in  extracting  itself  from  the 
prevailing  confusion,  and  has  ever  since  been 
known  exclusively  by  its  own  distinctive  epithet 
of  "  vermilion."  It  would  be  interesting  to  know 
at  what  time,  and  under  what  circumstances,  its 
emancipation  took  place ;  and  in  attempting  to 
elucidate  this,  an  ingenious  friend  of  mine  has 
suggested  a  doubt  whether  at  any  time  the  word 
"  vermiculus "  was  really  applied  to  vermilion ; 
and  whether  the  latter  term  is  not  susceptible  of 
being  traced  to  another  and  a  totally  distinct 
derivation  ? 

It  has  already  been  seen  that  so  early  as  the 
time  of  Pliny,  "  cinnabar"  (which  is  the  original 
name  of  the  mercurial  red)  began  to  be  con- 
founded with  minium  and  with  the  Indian  gum 
then  and  ever  since  known  as  "  dragons'  blood  ;  " 
and  it  has  occurred  to  my  friend  whether  during 
the  brief  period  of  the  Eastern  Empire,  when 
chemistry,  or  rather  alchemy,  was  eagerly  cul~ 
tivated  by  the  Greeks,  both  at  Alexandria  and 
Byzantium,  (and  especially  at  the  former,  where 
the  facilities  for  its  study  were  increased  by  more 
intimate  and  extended  intercourse  with  the  East,) 
the  improved  knowledge  which  was  then  acquired 
of  metals  and  their  products  may  not  have  led  to 
a  nicer  discrimination  as  to  the  nature  of  the 
mineral  paints,  which  had  been  previously  ob- 
scure and  confused.  Hence,  to  distinguish  the 
earthy  red  which  formed  the  /j.i\ros  of  the  Greeks 
from  the  bisulphuret  of  mercury,  the  learned  of 
that  age  may  have  assigned  to  the  latter  its  real 
origin  by  some  term  compounded  of  'Ep^s  and 
jUiXros,  to  express  the  miltos  of  mercury  as  dis- 
tinguished from  the  earthy  miltos,  or  red  ochre. 
The  Chinese  in  the  same  way  designate  vermilion 
yen-chu,  literally  "  mercury-red."  But  one  dif- 
ficulty to  accepting  my  friend's  derivation  pre- 
sents itself  on  the  threshold ;  namely,  that  although 
in  comparatively  modern  times  mercurius  became 
a  technical  synonyme  for  argentum  vivum,  I  can- 
not find  any  period  at  which  the  Greeks  adopted 
'Ep^j/s  as  an  equivalent  for  vSpdpyvpos.  It  has  been 
conjectured  that  the  metal  may  have  been  so 
called  in  honour  of  the  Egyptian  Hermes  Trisme- 
gistus.  Of  the  works  on  chemistry  produced 
during  the  period  I  refer  to  so  few  have  been 
printed  that  the  facilities  for  verifying  this  con- 
jecture are  rare ;  but  in  the  numerous  MSS.  in 
the  libraries  of  Paris  and  Vienna  of  authors  who 
wrote  on  these  subjects,  such  as  Olympiodorus, 
Hierotheus,  Agathodemon,  and  others,  it  is  pro- 
bable that  more  minute  mention  may  be  found  of 
mercury  and  its  compounds,  and  of  the  nomen- 
clature then  prevailing. 


Another  etymological  objection  to  accepting  the 
derivation  suggested  from  'Ep^s,  is  the  obvious 
one  that  the  compounds  of  that  word  generally 
retain  the  aspirate,  so  that  'Ep/.wv  and  JUI'ATOS  would 
become  hermiltos  rather  than  vermiltos.  At  the 
same  time  it  is  but  fair  to  observe  that  in  many 
similar  cases  the  initial  aspirate  in  Greek  is  re- 
presented in  Latin  by  v.  Thus,  io-Trepa  becomes 
vespera,  'Etrria,  Vesta ;  vntrepos,  vester ;  and  'EAe'a 
in  Lucania  was  the  Velia  of  the  Romans.  This 
analogy,  though  it  lessens,  does  not  overcome  the 
difficulty ;  but  it  seems  to  me  deserving  of  con- 
sideration, with  a  view  to  discover  something  more 
satisfactory  than  the  prevailing  derivation,  which, 
apart  from  its  technical  incongruity,  presents  the 
inconsistency  of  referring  vermilion  to  one  and 
the  same  root  with  crimson  and  carmine,  vermi- 
celli, and  vermin. 

It  is  also  worthy  of  some  inquiry  to  ascertain  at 
what  time  the  term  minium  ceased  to  be  con- 
founded with  cinnabar,  —  when  the  word  "ver- 
milion "  came  into  use  in  Europe,  with  exclusive 
reference  to  the  bisulphuret  of  mercury ;  also 
when  carmine  was  with  similar  speciality  rcognised 
as  the  product  of  cochineal  ? 

Menage  and  Caseneuve  have  each  devoted  an  in- 
conclusive article  to  this  subject.  Ducange  cites 
the  occurrence  of  the  word  vermilium  in  a  Latin 
MS.  of  A.D.  1073.  Gervase  of  Tilbury,  nephew 
to  our  Henry  II.,  writing  in  the  twelfth  century, 
describes  in  his  Otia  Imperialia  the  production  of 
red  die  from  the  coccus,  but  still  designates  it 
"  vermiculus."  Jehan  le  Begne,  a  writer  on  the 
art  of  illumination  in  the  fourteenth  century,  dis- 
criminates between  red  lead  and  vermilion :  "  ne 
mettez  pas  mine  (minium)  par  soi,  car  la  lettre  en 
seroit  trop  cler  et  mal  parant,  mais  mettez  mine 
avecques  vermilion."  (Quoted  in  Mrs.  Merrifield's 
work  on  Mediaeval  Painting,  vol.  i.  p.  297.) 

Amongst  the  poets,  Dante  sings  of  the 
"Prima  vera  Candida  e  vermiglia." 
Chaucer  apostrophises  — 

•'  Bright  regina  who  made  thee  so  fair, 
Who  made  thy  color  vermelet  and  white  ?  " 

and  Spenser  describes  — 

"  Goodly  trees  him  fair  heside, 
Loaden  with  fr,uit  and  apples  rosy  red, 
As  they  in  pure  vermillion  had  been  died." 

The  word  Cinnabar  itself  is  also  worth  the  in- 
quiry, whether  it  be  referable  to  any  Oriental  root? 
inasmuch  as  there  is  reason  to  believe  that  the 
Greeks  obtained  their  knowledge  of  the  substance 
K.IVVO.&O.PI  from  India,  whither  it  probably  came 
from  China.  Has  the  first  syllable  Cin  any  refer- 
ence to  this  origin  ?  as  it  was  at  one  time  conjec- 
tured that  the  word  Cinnamon  might  probably 
mean  "  Chinese  amomum"? 

J.  EMERSON  TEKNENT. 


480 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»as.  IX.  JUNE  23. '60. 


TECHNICAL  MEMORY  APPLIED  TO  THE  BIBLE. 

A  reverend  gentleman,  a  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q.," 
has  requested  me  to  forward  to  him  more  of  those 
verses  from,  the  medisBval  MS.,  a  specimen  of 
which  appeared  lately  in  "  N.  &  Q."  (2nd  S.  ix. 
177.)  As  there  may  possibly  be  other  readers 


who  may  take  the  same  interest  in  the  subject,  I 
propose  to  use  "N.  &  Q,"  as  the  medium  of 
transmission,  if  you  find  them  admissible ;  and 
therefore  send  you  the  verses  on  the  three  other 
Gospels,  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles,  and  the  Apo- 
calypse :  — 


MATTHEUS. 


Christus 

i\  Magis                          in  Jordane 

dyabolus 

in  monte                       Pater  noster 

1 
Natus 

2 
adoratur 

3 

lotus 

4 

temptat 

5 
docet 

6 
orat 

Xi  quo  docet  nolite 
judicare 

datur  inflrmis 

Mattheum 

xii.  Apostolos 

Johannem 

Sabbato. 

7 

Dogma 

8 

salus 

9 
vocat 

10 
elegit 

11 
laudat 

12 
sata  transit, 

parabolaru  fuit  htud 
exiit  qui  seminat. 

Johannis  amputatur 

panes 

Petro  dantur 

transflgurationis 

in  medio  statuitur 

13 

Post  enigma 

14 
caput 

15 
septem 

16 
claves 

17 
decor 

18 
infans 

matrimonii  quo  homo  non  sepa- 
ratur. 

operariis  datur 

Hebrseorum  clamant 
hosanna 

census  ostendite  miHi 

prsedicat  malia 

19 

Unio 

20 
denarius 

21 
pueri 

22 
numismaque 

23 
vae  V£e 

flnein  iniindi  praedicit                venturum  narrat 

Xus  et  discipuli 

Christus                              Christus  a  mortuis. 

24  ' 
Prwvia 

25! 
judicium     • 

26 

cauiant 

27                                                28 

patiturque                         resurgit. 

MARCUS. 

Christas  evahfeelium  regni    Xus  discipulos  qu&d  fllii  nup-      sibl  Jesus  xii.  disdputos"        loquitur  dicens,  exiit  semi-     moriuntur  derhonibus  suf- 
Dei                       tiarumnonpossuntjejunare                                                        nans  ad  seminandum                           focati 

•1 
Pnedicat 

2 
excusat 

3 

sociat 

4                                     5 
proverbia                            porci 

fllia  Herodiadis                   manibus  manducare          video  homines  ambulantes,  Iqualia  vestimenta  non  potestj  per  foramen  acus  non  potest 
clixit  csecus                                 facere                                    transire 

G 
Saltat 

7 
non  lotis 

8 
ut  frondes 

9                                    10 
fullo.                             camelua 

vestimenta  sua  in  via 

i.  duo  minuta  ponit 
vidua 

prascedens  judicium 
praedicitur 

eomeditur 

Xi.  celebratur 

resurgens  ciim  Christo. 

11 

Sternunt 

12 
aai-a  duo 

13 
dolor 

14 
azyma. 

15 

passio 

16 

vita. 

LtJCASi  ' 

Elizabeth  et  Maria 

Jesus  nascitur  circum- 
ciditur    offertur    in 
templo 

Jordanis  Jesus  bapti- 
zatur 

duxerunt  Jesum  ad  su- 
percilium  mentis 

piseatores  retia 

discipuli  eliguntur 

1 

Concipiunt 

2 
puer 

3 

'unda 

4 

praeceps 

5 
laxant 

6 
duodeni 

mater  adolescentis 

rogat  pro  fllia 

foveas  habent 

mittuntur  de  Ixxii. 

Dei  demonia  ejicio 

habes  o  animamearepo- 
sita  in  annos  plurimos. 

7 
Flevit 

8 
Jair 

9 

vulpes 

10 
bini 

11 

digito 

12 
bona  multa. 

mulier'habens  spiritum 
infirmitatis  xviii.  an- 
nis  erigitur 

jtigaemiquinque 

flliua  prodigus  cupiebat 
implere  ventreni 

et  purpura  dives  indue- 
batur 

mundatur  in  X.  lepro- 

sis 

qui  Deum  non  timebat 
et  hominem  non  vere- 
batur 

13 
Inclinata 

14 
bouin 

15 
siliquis 

16 

bisso 

17 
lepra 

18 
judex 

2nJ  S.  IX.  JUNE  23.  'GO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


481 


perambulabat 
Jericho 

fratres  habentes 
uuam  uxorem 

quae  obtutit  vidua 

f'utura  prosdicuntur 

maflducatur 

Christ! 

Christi 
resurgentis. 

19 
Zachcus. 

20 
septem 

21 
era  praslia 

22 
paschaque 

23 
mors 

24 
pax. 

ACTUS  APOSTOLOBUM. 


Eligitur  Mathias 

1 

Sorte 

baptizat  eunuchuin 

8 
Philippus 

dixit  Paulus  ad  Elymam 
magnm 

13 

Ccecus  eris 

principemsynagogae  percu- 
tiebant  ante  tribunal 

18 
Sosthenen 


liberat  Paulum  a 
Judsis 


factus  cst  repenle 
de  coelo 


2 
sonus 


Claudus 


salit 


4 
omnia 


Ananise  e't  Saphirae 


5 
fraus 


diaconi  eliguntur 

6 
septem 


Stephanus 

7 
lapidatur 


convertitur 


23 
Judex 


9 
Saulus 

voluerunt  sacrificare  sacer- 
dos  Jovisetpopulus 

14 
taurosque 

seditibnem  movent 


19 
Ephesii 


descendens  de  coelo  velut 
liflteum 

10 
vas 

quod  nos  fieque  patr69 
nostri 

15 
jugum 

invenitur  qui  ceciderat  dc 
fenestra 

.20 
redivivus 


circumcisi  adversus  Petrum 

11 

disceptant 

exivit  a  pythonisaa  puelia 

16 
spes  qusustus 

ligat  Paulum 

21 
zona 


misit  manus  ut  affligreret 
quosdam  de  eccltsia, 

12 
et  tierodea 

et  Gracis  prsadicat  Paulus 


17 
Athenis 

caeditur  Paulus  jussu 
tribnni 

22 
flagellis 


audit  Paulum 

24 
Felix 


renit  Hierosolymam 

25 
Festus 


loquitur  Paultis        jnavis,  sed  anim*  evase-  i          venit  Paulus 
runt 


26 
Agrippa? 


27 
naufraga 


28 
Romam. 


APOCALYPSIS. 


Candelabra  aurea 

qiiatuor  ecclesiffi  doeeu- 
tur  in  hoc  eapitulo 

eccleaise  in  hoc  cap. 
docentur 

posita  erat  in  coelo 

librUmc«luame^Si8:n 

a-lsigillaagenu^usqu 

1 
Septem 

2 
bis  binse 

3 
tres 

4 

sedes 

5 

solvere 

6 

sextum 

±ii.  Mgnatl                acceplt  angelus  et  implet  de 
igne  altaris 

abyss!  aperuit  angelus 

septem  loduta  stint 

duo  prophetaburtt 

7                                     8 
Millia                        thuribulum 

9 

puteumqae 

10 
tonitrua 

11 

testes 

Michaelis  cum  dracone 

bestiae  seducebant  totum 
mundum 

mncti  canticum  novum 

vii.  Angeli  habent  sep- 
tem 

ira;  Dei  efFude'funt 
Angeli 

magiiab  dainnationem 
ostendit  Anfireltls 

12 
Pugna 

13  • 

duse 

14 
cahtant 

15 
plagas 

16 
phyalas 

17 

meretricis 

reges  terras  meretricern 


18 

Flebunt 


Sancti  qui  vocati  SUnt 


19 
ad  cceuam 


nxortui 

20 
surgunt 


ornatam  viro  suo 

21 

sponsam 


et  merces  mea  mecttm 

$2 
venio  jam 


It  will  be  observed  that  the  verses  limp  occa- 
sionally. 

Although  from  each  chapter  one  salient  fact 
only  is  selected,  yet  to  those  who  have  previously 
read  it,  that  fact,  by  the  association  of  memory, 
will  often  suggest  the  rest  of  its  contents. 

JOHN  WILLIAMS. 

Arno's  Court. 


HOLLAND  IN  1625. 

The  Batavian  readers  and  correspondents   of 
this  journal  may  be  gratified  by  a  just  and  forcible 


description  of  their  native  land  in  1625,  or  perhaps 
earlier,  written  by  an  ingenious  Englishman  :  — 

"  Were  it  not  for  this  [the  use  of  navigation],  how 
miserable  would  many  nations  be,  who  notwithstanding, 
industry  supplying  Nature's  indigency,  live  happily! 
What  a  cold  kitchen  would  be  kept  in  Holland,  it'  they 
wanted  the  sea!  They  want  wood,  yet  abound  in  ship- 
ping; corn,  yet  can  spare  to  their  neighbours.  They 
have  but  little  upon  their  coast  of  that  abundance  of 
made,  fish  [?]:  briefly,  of  all  other  things  they  want 
nothing,  having  raised  even  from  the  ashes  of  their  ruined 
country  a  commonwealth  like  another  Phcenix,  far  more 
fair  and  glorious  than  the  former:  the  sight  whereof  in- 
vited me  sometime  to  thisjfollowing  expression :  — 


482 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  JUNE  23.  '60. 


"  Fair  Holland,  had'st  thou  England's  chalky  rocks, 
To  gird  thy  watery  waist;  her  healthful  mounts, 
With  tender  grass  to'  feed  thy  nibbling  flocks ; 

Her  pleasant  groves,  and  crystalline  clear  founts, 
Most  happy  should'st  thou  be  by  just  accounts, 
That  in  thine  age  so  fresh  a  youth  do'st  feel 
Through  flesh  of  oak,  and  ribs  of  brass  and  steel. 

"  But  what  hath  prudent  mother  Nature  held 

From  thee  —  that  she  might  equal  shares  impart 
Unto  her  other  sons  —  that's  not  compeU'd 
To  be  the  guerdons  of  thy  wit  and  art  ? 
And  industry,  that  brings  from  every  part 
Of  every  thing  the  fairest  and  the  best, 
Like  the  Arabian  bird  to  build  thy  nest  ? 

"  Like  the  Arabian  bird  thy  nest  to  build, 

With  nimble  wings  thou  flyest  for  Indian  sweets, 
And  incense  which  the  Sabaan  forests  yield, 

And  in  thy  nest  the  goods  of  each  pole  meets,  — 
Which  thy  foes  hope,  shall  serve  thy  funeral  rites  — 
But  thou  more  wise,  secur'd  by  thy  deep  skill, 
Dost  build  on  waves,  from  fires  more  safe  than  hill." 

The  above  extract  is  from  Englands- Exchequer, 
a  rare  work  by  John  Hagthorpe,  1625,  4°.  The 
verses  are  not  given  in  Hagthorpe  revived;  or 
select  specimens  of  a  forgotten  poet,  Lee  Priory, 
1817,  4°.  They  were,  however,  contributed  by 
Haslewood  to  the  British  bibliographer,  but  without 
the  prose  introduction ;  which  is  scarcely  less  re- 
markable than  the  verse.  BOLTON  CORNET. 


CHARACTER  OF  ST.  PAUL'S  HANDWRITING, 
GALATIANS  vi.  11. — This  text  has  caused  great 
diversity  of  opinion  amongst  the  commentators  ; 
but  the  translation  should  be,  "  Ye  see  in  what 
large  letters  I  have  written  unto  you  with  mine 
own  hand."  St.  Paul  here  refers  to  the  capital 
(uncial)  letters  in  which  the  best  and  most  ancient 
MSS.  of  the  Greek. Septuagint  and  New  Testa- 
ment are  written,  as  distinguished  from  the  small 
or  cursive  letters,  in  which  slaves  wrote.  (Lewis's 
Rome,  i.  86.)  Thus  Cato  the  Elder  wrote  his- 
tories for  his  son,  fi€yd\ois  ypd/j.fAa<nt  in  large  cha- 
racters. (Plut.  Cato  the  Censor,  xx.)  The 
writing  in  Greek  capital  letters,  as  in  Hebrew, 
Chaldee,  Syriac,  Arabic,  and  Ethiopic,  which  had 
then  no  cursive  character,  indicated  a  more  solemn 
and  dignified  manner,  and  would  be  more  legible 
to  the  Gauls  than  the  cursive  character,  which 
even  now,  from  its  numerous  contractions,  em- 
barrasses the  Greek  student.  In  legal  documents 
of  a  more  solemn  character  the  writing  is  en- 
grossed (=  engros,  or  large  character). 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 

A  CURIOUS  JEWISH  CUSTOM. — I  remember  to 
have  seen  some  time  ago  in  one  of  the  papers  of 
the  day  an  extract  from  the  Jewish  Chronicle, 
containing  somd  account  of  a  custom,  periodically 
observed  by  certain  continental  Jews,  of  burying 
defective  and  otherwise  unserviceable  copies  of  the 


Law.  On  the  occasion  referred  to,  the  sale  of  the 
ground  selected  for  this  purpose  having  been  ar- 
ranged, with  other  preliminaries,  and  the  sacred 
MSS.  safely  deposited  in  sewn  or  sealed  bags,  the 
party  repaired  with  all  due  solemnity  to  the  ceme- 
tery, carrying  the  condemned  scrolls.  The  sale 
of  the  ground  alone  realised  a  considerable  sum, 
added  to  which,  certain  fees  which  obtained  for 
the  highest  bidders  the  office  of  grave-diggers  on 
the  occasion,  and  the  honour  of  this  last  consign- 
ment, amounting  in  all  to  several  hundred  florins, 
were  devoted  to  educational  purposes,  the  erection 
of  schools,  and  other  objects  of  charity.  Perhaps 
some  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q."  better  ac- 
quainted with  modern  Hebrew  usages,  may  be 
able  to  furnish  a  more  detailed  and  accurate  ac- 
count of  so  interesting  a  ceremony,  and  to  inform 
me  whether  the  above  custom  prevails  throughout 
the  Hebrew  community,  or  is  only  confined  to 
certain  continental  localities.  F.  PHILLOTT. 

MARY  QUEEN  OF  SCOTS'  MISSAL.  —  The  fol- 
lowing account  of  a  Missal  which  formerly  be- 
longed to  the  unfortunate  Mary  Queen  of  Scots, 
now  in  the  Imperial  Library,  St.  Petersburgh,  is 
taken  from  Mr.  Holman's  Travels  through  Russia 
and  Siberia.  2  vols.  8vo.  1825. 

The  transcript  may  be  worth  perpetuating  in 
the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  :  — 

"  This  Missal,  or  Prayer  Book  is  bound  in  purple  velvet ; 
the  leaves  are  of  a  rich  vellum,  of  a  large  8vo.  size ;  it  is 
ten  inches  long,  seven  broad,  and  an  inch  and  a  half 
thick.  The  sheets  are  highly  illuminated  with  pictures 
of  saints,  with  Saxo-Latin  inscriptions  under  them.  In 
various  parts  were  originally  blank  spaces  that  have  been 
filled  up  with  observations  and  lines  of  poetry  in  French, 
and  in  the  Queen's  own  handwriting,  and  with  two 
signatures ;  of  some  of  which  the  following  are  transla- 
tions :  — 

On  the  first  page :  — 

"  This  belongs  to  me,  Mary." 

Subsequently  :  — 

"  Sad  fate !  that  renders  life  as  drear, 
As  useless,  e'en  as  death  could  be, 
Whilst  all,  to  add  to  my  despair, 
Seems  in  its  nature  chang'd  towards  me. 

"No  longer,  as  in  times  of  old, 

The  wings  of  fame  are  spread, 
With  soaring  flight,  impartial,  bold  — 
Those  times,  alas !  are  fled. 

"  Her  pleasures  now  are  all  confined, 

And  all  her  favours  shine 
On  those  whom  fortune  (frail  and  blind) 
Regards  with  smile  benign. 

"  Dull  hours,  which  guided  by  my  fate 

In  sad  succession  flow  ; 
The  glorious  sun,  in  all  its  state, 
Seems  but  to  mock  my  woe." 

J.  M.  GUTCH. 
Worcester. 

POSTAGE  STAMPS. — A  boy  in  my  form  one  day 
showed  me  a  collection  of  from  300  to  400  differ- 


2*1  S.  IX.  JUNE  23.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEB1ES. 


483 


ent  postage  stamps,  English  and  foreign,  and  at 
the  tame  time  stated  that  Sir  Rowland  Hill  told 
him  that  at  that  time  there  might  be  about  500 
varieties  on  the  whole.  This  seems  a  cheap,  in- 
structive, and  portable  museum  for  young  per- 
sons to  arrange  ;  and  yet  I  have  seen  no  notices 
of  catalogues  or  specimens  for  sale,  such  as  there 
are  of  coins,  eggs,  prints,  plants,  &a,  and  no 
articles  in  periodicals.  A  cheap  facsimile  cata- 
logue, with  nothing  but  names  of  respective  states, 
periods  of  use,  value,  &c.,  would  meet  with  atten- 
tion. If  there  be  a  London  shop  where  stamps  or 
lists  of  them  could  be  procured,  its  address  would 
be  acceptable  to  me,  and  to  a  score  young  friends. 

S.  F.  CRESWELL. 
The  School,  Tollbridge. 


FULL-BOTTOMED  WIGS. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  441.) 

MR.  CARRINGTON'S  Note  upon  full-bottomed 
wigs  suggests  a  Query.  How  does  it  happen 
that  the  use  of  it  is  now  confined  to  the  Judges 
and  certain  persons  of  professional  rank?  and 
that  its  assumption  by  an  ordinary  barrister  would 
be  deemed  an  impertinence  which  would  subject 
him  to  the  ridicule  of  his  compeers,  and  probably 
to  the  censure  of  the  Bench?  When  did  this 
limitation  commence  ?  And  what  was  the  cause 
of  its  adoption  ? 

Another  question  arises  :  How  comes  it  to  pass 
that,  as  the  judges  gradually  assumed  the  wig, 
following  the  fashion  of  the  time,  they  did  not 
discard  the  encumbrance,  when  that  fashion  ceased 
to  prevail,  and  have  not  discarded  it  since,  though 
the  fashion  is  among  things  that  have  been  ? 

In  the  reign  of  Charles  II.  the  forensic  head- 
dress of  lawyers  which  had  up  to  that  period 
prevailed,  suffered  a  great  change.  The  portraits 
of  the  judges  that  have  come  down  to  us  of  pre- 
vious reigns,  and  indeed  through  the  greater  part 
of  Charles's,  exhibit  the  judicial  head  covered 
with  a  coif,  a  velvet  cap,  or  a  three-cornered  hat, 
over  their  own  natural  hair ;  and  the  upper  lip 
ornamented  with  a  moustache,  and  sometimes  the 
chin  graced  with  a  beard.  The  latter  superfluity 
had  been  long  discarded ;  the  moustache  had 
gradually  disappeared  (how  soon  to  be  resumed 
who  can  tell  ?)  ;  and  instead  of  the  coif  or  cap, 
the  periwig,  just  imported  from  France  into  this 
country,  began  to  be  adopted  by  the  Bench,  with 
the  pretence  of  a  coif  attached  to  the  back  of  it. 

The  wig,  however,  was  not  then  universally 
adopted ;  for  though  the  portrait  of  Sir  Creswell 
Levinz,  who  was  superseded  in  1686,  displays  this 
appendage  full-bottomed,  that  of  Sir  Thomas 
Street,  who  continued  to  sit  on  the  bench  during 
the  whole  of  the  reign  of  James  II.,  is  depicted 
in  official  costume  with  his  own  hair  and  coif  cap. 


Tne  wigs  of  Charles's  judges,  as  far  as  we  can. 
judge  from  the  engravings  of  their  pictures,  were 
innocent  of  powder.  The  same  may  be  said  of 
most  of  the  portraits  of  judges  under  James  II. 
and  William  and  Mary. 

Let  it  not  be  thought  by  these  inquiries  that 
I  have  lost  my  habitual  reverence  for  the  judicial 
wig,  which  I  doubt  not  is  regarded  with  awe 
when  it  is  exhibited  in  the  criminal  courts,  if  it 
does  not  inspire  any  additional  respect  when  used 
in  banco. 

I  should  like  to  close  this  article  with  an  in- 
quiry, when  barristers  first  used  this  appendage, 
and  how  soon  it  attained  its  present  formal  cut  ? 
Also,  what  is  the  meaning  of  the  two  tails  that 
are  attached  to  it  ?  EDWARD  Foss. 


LAW  OFFICERS.  —  Any  of  your  legal  readers 
will  oblige  by  giving  a  reference  to  any  report 
which  may  exist  of  the  arguments  at  the  bar  of 
the  House  of  Lords  some  years  ago  in  the  claim 
of  precedence  between  the  Attorney-General  of 
England  and  Lord  Advocate  of  Scotland.  J.  R. 

LINES  ON  A  PIGEON.  —  Dr.  Win.  Lort  Mansell, 
afterwards  Bishop  of  Bristol,  in  a  letter  to  T.  J. 
Mathias,  author  of  The  Pursuits  of  Literature, 
dated  August  9,  1782,  sends  to  him  the  following 
lines,  most  probably  his  own  composition.  He 


"  By  the  bj'e,  Shaver  Hodson  swears  these  six  lines 
are  an  incomparable  parody :  — j 

"  '  If  'tis  joy  to  wound  a  pigeon, 

How  much  more  to  eat  him  broil'd  ? 
Sweetest  bird  in  all  the  kitchen ; 

Sweetest,  if  he  is  not  spoil'd. 
I  swear,  my  transports,  when  I've  got  him, 
Are  ten  times  more  than  when  I  shot  him.' 
"  He  says,  there  is  not  a  word  hooked  in,  and  that  it  is 
a  model  for  parodying." 

Whose  lines  are  here  parodied  ?  J.  Y. 

"INVESTIGATOR."  —  Who  was  the  editor  of  the 
Investigator,    a   periodical   which   was   published 


about  1823-24? 


A.  Z. 


"  MOST  REVEREND,"  AND  "  RIGHT  REVEREND." 
—  In  the  Preface  to  O'Brennan's  Ancient  Ireland, 
frc.  (p.  xlv.),  the  following  words  occur :  — 

"  As  we  believe  the  prefix  '  Right  Rev.'  was  a  Protest- 
ant introduction,  for  the  purpose  of  giving  bishops  the 
rank  of '  Right  Hon.,'  and  as  it  is  not  in  accordance  with 
pure  philosophy  (it  is  opposed  to  it),  we  reject  it,  and 
use  the  words  '  Most  Rev.'  for  all  Prelates ;  the  prefix 
«  Arch '  being  sufficient  to  mark  the  difference  between  a 
Metropolitan  and  a  Suffragan.  We  have  taken  this 
course,  though  we  find  the  superscription  on  Bishop  Mol- 
lony's  letter  of  1689  thus  given :  — 

""'The  Right  Rev.  Father  in  God,  Peter  Tyrrell,  Lord 

Bishop  of  Clogher.' 

Dr.  Tvrrell  was  at  that  time  a  member  of  the  '  House  of 
Lords."' " 

Can  you  tell  ine  whether  Mr.  O'Brennan,  whose 


484 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


S.  IX.  JUNE  23.  '60. 


book  was  published  in  Dublin  in  1855,  had  any 
good  grounds  for  the  foregoing  opinion  ?  When 
were  Archbishops  and  Bishops  first  styled  respec- 
tively "Most  Reverend"  and  "Right  Reverend"? 
And  was  the  latter  prefix  "  a  Protestant  intro- 
duction"? ABHBA. 

GENERAL  BREEZO. — The  mention  of  Dr.  Wright 
(2nd  S.  ix.  386.)  reminds  me  to  put  in  a  Query 
about  General  Breezo,  Brisot  (or  whatever  be  his 
proper  spelling).  An  old  acquaintance  of  mine, 
at  that  period  of  the  dinner  when  the  master  of 
the  house  usually  asks  his  male  guests  to  join  him 
in  a  glass  of  wine,  always  gave  a  glance  round 
and  said,  "  Well,  gentlemen,  shall  we  drink  Gene- 
ral Breezo  ?"  (The  wine  was  immediately  handed 
round  as  the  expected  result  of  his  "  toast."  Can 
anyone  explain  the  origin  of  this  ?  P.  P. 

CHILDREN  WITH  BEARDS.  —  Are  any  instances 
known  of  children  being  born  with  hair  on  or 
underneath  their  chins  ?  The  other  day  I  saw  a 
child  of  three  years  old  with  quite  a  little  beard 
under  his  chin.  What  is  this  supposed  to  sig- 
nify ?  D.  S.  E. 

"  Miss  IN  HER  TEENS."  — 

"  Miss  in  her  Teens  Pitt's  nod  obeys, 
Circassians  bloom  her  tribute  pays, 

And  all  his  wishes  meets ; 
Blushing  with  rouge,  each  modest  Grace, 
With  milk  of  roses  from  King's  Place, 

Entrance  him  in  their  sweets." 
Pitt's  tax  on  perfumery,  about  1790  (from  The 
Asylum,  "  Ode  to  Dundas,"  vol.  iii.  p.  119.*) 

What  was  the  essence  called  "Miss  in  her 
Teens"?  I  presume  it  is  now  obsolete,  yet  I 
should  like  to  know  something  about  its  composi- 
tion and  peculiar  fragrance.  The  two  other  ar- 
ticles were  I  suppose  cosmetics. 

King's  Place  is  not  so  celebrated  now  as  it  for- 
merly was  ;  but  a  few  frail  nymphs,  "  painted  for 
sight  and  essenced  for  the  smell,"  are  still  occa- 
sionally visible  there,  seated  at  the  windows 
"  without  a  bit  of  blind."  W.  D. 

WHISTLE  TANKARDS.  —  I  have  heard  that  a 
Mrs.  Mary  Ann  Dixon,  widow  of  the  late  Canon 
Dixon  of  York,  presented  to  the  corporation  of 
Hull  what  is  designated  a  "  whistle  tankard." 

It  is  said  to  have  belonged  to  Anthony  Lam- 
bert, mayor  of  Hull  in  1669,  when  Charles  I.  was 
refused  admission  into  the  town.  As  it  is  be- 
lieved that  there  is  only  another  "  whistle  tan- 
kard" in  the  kingdom,  I  should  like  to  hear 
whether  such  be  the  case. 

The  whistle  comes  into  play  when  the  tankard 
is  empty  ;  so  that,  when  it  reaches  the  hands  of  a 
toper  and  there  is  nothing  to  drink,  he  must,  if  he 

[*  We  have  added  the  precise  reference.  We  trust  W. 
D.  and  other  correspondents  will  in  future  kindly  save  us 
this  trouble.  — ED.  «N.  &  Q."] 


wants  liquor,  "whistle  for  it," — which  possibly 
may  be  the  origin  of  the  popular  phrase.        F.  T. 

HELEN  HOME  OF  NINEWELLS,  wife  of  Sir  A. 
Purvis,  Solicitor- General  of  Scotland  in  1690.  Of 
which  of  the  Lairds  of  Ninewells  was  she  a  daugh- 
ter? A  John  Home  of  Ninewells  (grandfather  of 
the  philosopher),  dies  in  1695,  and  has  "a  scutcheon 
with  his  eight  branches  put  up  over  the  door 
of  the  church  "  (see  Swinton's  Men  of  the  Merse, 
p.  79.).  I  greatly  desire  to  know  the  "  eight 
branches " :  can  any  Scotch  genealogist  tell  me 
them? 

Is  any  portrait  of  Sir  A.  Purvis  in  existence  ? 

SIGMA  THETA. 

EARLDOM  OF  MORAY. —What  were  the  principal 
estates  of  this  earldom  in  1761  ?  SIGMA  THETA. 

ARMORIAL  BEARINGS.  —  Wanted,  the  names  of 
the  families  to  whom  the  following  belong :  — 

1.  Argt.   a  chevron   engrailed  between  three 
cross  crosslets  fitchee  sable. 

2.  Sable,  a  cross  flory  argent. 

3.  Sable,  on  a  chevron  embattled,  between  three 
fleurs-de-lis  argent,  two  lions  passant,  gules,  af- 
frontee.  C.  J. 

What  name  do  the  following  arms  belong  to, 
and  what  are  the  tinctures  ?  — 

1.  "Between  three  lions'  heads  afftee,  a  grey- 
hound (or  talbot)  courant.     The  whole  within  a 
border  engrailed." 

2.  Or :  three  garbs,  gules.  A. 

CHAIR  AT  CANTERBURY.  —  Can  you  or  any  of 
your  correspondents  kindly  give  me  information 
as  to  the  former  use  of  the  old  chair  now  standing 
in  the  south  transept  of  the  choir  at  Canterbury 
cathedral. 

In  Winkle's  Cathedrals,  where  it  is  shown  as 
resting  at  the  east  end  of  the  crown,  I  find  it  de- 
scribed as  having  been  used  for  the  enthronisa- 
tion  of  the  archbishops  of  this  See ;  and  this  view 
is  maintained  by  the  Rev.  J.  Dart  in  his  History 
of  Canterbury  Cathedral  (A.D.  1726),  although  at 
that  time  the  chair  appears  to  have  occupied  a 
different  position.  He  says  :  — 

"  Behind  the  Altar  is  the  Patriarchal  Chair,  in  which 
the  Archbishops  have  been  enthroned.  It  is  plain  and 
remarkable  for  nothing  but  the  appearance  of  plain  and 
venerable  age." 

According  to  Eadmer,  in  the  eleventh  century, 
after  the  rebuilding  of  the  church  by  Bishops 
Livingus  and  Ethelnoth,  this  old  chair  stood  at 
the  west  end  of  the  nave  in  the  chapel  of  the 
Blessed  Virgin ;  it  is  called  the  "  archbishop's 
pontifical  chair,  made  of  large  stones,  compacted 
together  with  mortar,  placed  at  a  convenient  dis- 
tance from  the  altar,  close  to  the  wall  of  the 
church." 

And  in  Hasted's  History  of  Canterbury  Cathe- 
dral (A.D.  1801),  in  the  account  of  the  "glorious 


S.  IX.  JUNE  23.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


485 


chair  of  Conrad,"  the  "  archiepiscopal  throne, 
which  Gervase  calls  the  patriarchal  chair,  stood 
behind  the  high  altar,  was  made  of  stone,  and  in 
it,  according  to  the  custom  of  the  Church,  the 
archbishop  used  to  sit  upon  principal  festivals, 
in  his  pontifical  ornaments,  whilst  the  solemn 
offices  of  religion  were  celebrated,  until  the  con- 
secration of  the  Host,  when  he  came  down  to  the 
high  altar,  and  there  performed  the  ceremony  of 
consecration." 

Now,  in  spite  of  all  this  testimony  to  the  fact  of 
its  having  been  at  all  events  a  seat  appropriated 
to  the  archbishop,  the  vesturers  [?]  at  this  time 
describe  it  to  be  the  throne  in  which  the  kings  of 
Kent  were  crowned. 

If  you  will  kindly  give  me  your  assistance  in 
determining  the  real  use  and  history  of  this  vener- 
able relic  (which  is  still,  I  am  happy  to  say,  in 
good  preservation,  though  the  stones  of  which  it 
is  composed  are  no  longer  held  together  by  mor- 
tar), I  shall  be  sincerely  obliged. 

EDMUND  SEDDING. 

PORTRAIT  or  CHARLES,  SIXTH  LORD  BALTI- 
MORE.—  Can  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  if 
there  is  a  portrait  of  Charles  Calvert,  sixth  Lord 
Baltimore,  born  1699?  There  are  engravings  of 
George,  first  Lord  (by  Thane)  Cecil,  second  Lord 
(by  Booteling),  and  Frederick,  seventh  Lord  (by 
Miller)  :  two  of  which  are  in  the  British  Museum. 
A  picture  of  Charles  Lord  Baltimore  was  painted 
by  Harding.  In  whose  possession  is  this  picture, 
and  is  there  any  other  ?  And  have  any  such  por- 
traits been  engraved  ?  It  is  probable  that  they 
were  at  Woodcote,  near  Epsom,  until  the  death  of 
the  last  Lord  in  1771,  when  the  property  was  sold. 

X.X. 

KNIGHTHOOD  CONFERRED  BY  THE  LORDS  JUS- 
TICES OF  IRELAND.  —  In  the  "  Life  of  Sir  James 
Ware  the  Antiquarian  "  prefixed  to  the  edition  of 
his  works,  folio,  London  (?),  1705,  it  is  stated  that 

"About  the  year  1629  he  received  the  Honour  of 
Knighthood  from  Adam  Lord  Viscount  Ely,  and  Richard 
Boyle,  Earl  of  Cork,  they  both  being  at  that  time  Lords- 
Justices." 

Can  any  other  instance  be  adduced  ? 

Respecting  the  edition  from  which  I  quote, 
Lowndes  states  that  "  The  title-page,  with  the  ex- 
ception of  the  general  title,  are  dated  Dublin,  1 704." 
In  the  copy  lying  before  me,  I  find  that  two  of 
the  titles  — those  prefixed  to  the  "Annals"  and 
"Antiquities"  —  are  dated  Dublin,  1705.  The 
general  title  has  for  imprint,  "  London,  1705." 

It  would  be  interesting  to  know  the  history  of 
this  edition.  Who  wrote  the  life  of  Ware  pre- 
fixed to  it  ?  JOHN  RIBTON  GARSTIN. 


"  CASE  FOR  THE  SPECTACLES." — At  p.  5.  of  this 
book  (London,  1638),  occurs  the  expression  "  Ne 


gry  quidem  "  ("  as  touching  the  controversy  Ne 
gry  quidem.")  Can  any  of  your  correspondents 
explain  the  phrase?  At  p.  109.  of  the  same  work 
is  the  following  quotation  from  a  letter  of  "  Hul- 
dericus,  Bishop  of  Auspurg,"  to  Pope  Nicholas  : 

"  There  bo  some  which  take  Gregory  (the  Great)  for 
a  maintainer  of  their  Sect,  whose  ignorance  I  lament; 
for  they  doe  not  know  this  perillous  Decree  was  after- 
wards purged  by  him,  whenas  upon  a  day  out  of  his 
ponds  were  drawne  above  6000  children's  heads;  which 
after  he  beheld,  he  utterly  condemned  his  Decree,  and 
praised  the  counsellof  St.  Paul,  It  is  better  to  marry  than 
to  burne;  adding  this  also  of  his  owne,  It  is  better 
marry  than  be  an  occasion  of  death." 

The  decree  referred  to  was  in  favour  of  the 
celibacy  of  the  clergy.  I  should  be  glad  to  be 
referred  to  any  authority  for  the  worthy  prelate's 
statement.  LIBYA. 

[  Gry  is  from  the  Gr.  ypv  or  ypv,  which  signifies  the  dirt 
that  collects  under  the  nails.  Hence  "  ne  gry  quidem" 
means,  "  not  the  smallest  quantity,"  or  *'  nothing  what- 
ever." Oufie  ypi>  a.TroKpCve<r6ai,  JVe  gry  quidem  respondere, 
q.d.  ne  minimam  quiflem  voculam  (not  a  word).  Stepft. 
Thes.  on  ypv. 

The  genuineness  of  S.  Ulrick's  letter  to  Pope  Nicholas 
I.  has  been  much  disputed;  and  an  apparently  fair  ac- 
count of  the  controversy  may  be  seen  in  Zedler's  Univ. 
Lexicon,  xlvi.  868-9,  under  "the  art.  "  Udalrieus."  We 
cannot  afford  room  for  more  than  an  abstract.  Attention 
was  first  directed  to  the  letter  in  question  by  Flacius  in 
his  Catal.  Test.  Veritat. ;  and  it  was  subsequently  re- 
printed by  Wolff,  Calixtus,  J.  F.  Mayer,  S.  Schelwig,  &c. 
It  was  also  produced  in  MS.  by  N.  Gallus  in  a  conference 
or  disputation  with  Canisius,  1557.  It  is  prohibited  by 
Indices  librorum prohibitorum,  p.  524.  Mad.  1667,  fol.,  and 
denounced  as  false  by  many  distinguished  Roman  Ca- 
tholics, as  Bellarmine,  Baronius,  Gretaer,  and  M.  Velser, 
the  last  of  whom  wrote  a  life  of  S.  Ulrick.  They  allege 
that  Ulrick  could  not  have  been  Bp.  of  Augsburg  earlier 
than  A.D.  924;  whereas  Pope  Nicholas  died  867.  To  this, 
however,  it  is  replied,  that  there  was  another  Ulrick  who 
was  previously  Bp.  of  Augsburg,  and  who  wrote  "  Let- 
ters often  cited.  He  probably,  if  any  Ulrick,  was  the 
author  of  the  "  Letter  "  in  question.  We  are  bound  to 
say  that  we  find  no  confirmation  of  the  statement  re- 
specting the  "  6000  children's  heads."  —  J.  Wolfius,  in 
his  Lection.  Memorabil.  1600,  pp.  241-3.,  gives  the  letter 
of  Ulrick  at  full  length,  but  presents  the  statement  re- 
specting the  discovery  in  the  "  vivarium "  thus  quali- 
fied:— "  Allata  inde  aliquot  centena  (plus  qukm  sex 
millia  habet  avroypafyov,  sed  puto  errorem  esse  in  numero) 
infantum  submersorum  capita."  Flacius,  in  his  Catal. 
Testium  Veritatis,  1672,  p.  82.,  has,  without  qualifica- 
tion, "  plus  quj^m  sex  millia  infantum  capita."  Flacius 
also  states  that  old  copies  of  the  "  Epistola  "  were  extant 
in  his  day  (p.  80.),  that  jEneas  Sylvius  testifies  to  S. 
Ulrick's  opposition  to  the  celibacy  of  the  Roman  Catholic 
clergy  (ib.\  and  (p.  84.)  that  Calixtus  vindicates  the 
Epistle  "  contra  varias  objectiones"  in  his  Tract,  de  Con- 
jug.  Clericorum.'] 

HENPECKED.  —  I  am  not  fortunate  enough  to 
possess  a  copy  of  the  First  Series  of  "  N.  &  Q.," 
and  am  unable  to  say  if  the  phrase  "henpecked" 
has  at  any  time  been  discussed  in  it.  I  have  also 
carefully  examined  each  number  of  the  Second 
Series  of  the  same  work,  but  have  not  found  any 
question  of  the  word,  either  in  any  numbers  yet 


486 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


*  S.  IX.  JUNE  23.  '60. 


issued  or  In  the  indices.    Under  the  circumstances  | 
1  have,  at  the  risk  of  troubling  you  with  a  matter 
which  has  very  possibly  already  come  under  your 
notice,  to  ask  of  your  correspondents  the  origin  of 
the  expression,  or  how  it  first  came  in  use.         K. 

Arbroath. 

[It  may  be  said  of  the  term  "  henpecked  "  (as  it  may 
of  many  other  vernacular  expressions),  that  though  it  be 
deemed  trivial  it  is  grounded  on  actual  observation,  and 
is  true  to  nature  and  to  fact.  The  ordinary  cock  of  the 
farm-yard,  however  bold  and  fightful  in  his  bearing  to- 
wards other  barn-door  cocks,  will  sometimes  submit  to 
be  pecked  by  his  hens  without  resistance.  Reaumur 
relates  how,  two  hens  being  shut  up  with  a  cock,  they 
both  together  attacked  him,  and  finally  succeeded  in 
killing  him.  Several  cocks  were  afterwards  shut  up 
successively  with  the  same  two  hens,  and  would  have 
experienced  the  fate  of  the  first,  if  not  withdrawn  in 
time.  "The  extraordinary  part  of  this  case  was,  that 
the  cocks  were  strong  and  bold,  and  would  easily  have 
governed  thirty  rebel  hens  at  large,  yet,  cooped  up,  did 
not  attempt  either  to  defend  themselves,  or  even  to  avoid 
the  attacks  of  the  furies,  their  wines."  (Mowbray's  Prac- 
tical Treatise,  1830,  p.  93.  See  also  D'Orbigny's  Diction- 
naire,  1844,  iv.  208.)  Hence  the  peculiar  import  and 
significance  of  the  term  "  henpecked."  Cf.  Swift's  "  Cud- 
gell'd  husband : " — 
"  Tom  fought  with  three  men,  thrice  ventur'd  his  life, 

Then  went  home,  and  was  cudgell'd  again   by  his 
wife."] 

MORICE  OR  MORRICE  FAMILY.  — Where  shall  I 
find  the  arms  and  pedigree  of  Morice  (interdum 
Morrice)  ?  The  last  of  the  family  was,  I  believe, 
the  Right  Hon.  Humphrey  Morice,  P.O. ;  M.P. 
for  Launceston  and  Lord  Warden  of  the  Stan- 
naries, and  Steward  of  the  Duchy  of  Cornwall. 
He  possessed  a  fine  seat  called  Grove  House,  on 
the  banks  of  the  Thames,  close  to  the  present 
station  at  Chiswick  of  the  South-western  Railway, 
and  which  estate  now  belongs  to  the  Duke  of 
Devonshire.  I  think  Mr.  Morice  died  in  1786, 
and  sine  prol.  masc.  C.  H. 

[The  Right  Hon.  Humphrey  Morice  was  connected 
with  the  family  of  Morice  of  Werrington,  in  Devon. 
Arms:  Gules,  a  lion  rampant,  regardant,  or.  For  the 
pedigree  see  Burke's  Commoners,  iii.  234.,  ed.  1838 ;  and 
Burke's  Eztinct  Baronetage,  p.  370.,  ed.  1844.  Hum- 
phrey Morice  of  Grove  House,  Chiswick,  died  at  Naples 
on  Oct.  18,  1785.  A  curious  anecdote  of  his  humanity  to 
animals  is  given  in  Colman's  Random  Records,  \.  280. 
See  Public  Advertiser  of  13th  Nov.  1782,  for  an  Epilogue 
spoken  by  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Hobart,  the  most  fashionable 
lady  of  England  at  that  time,  containing  an  allusion  to 
Mr.  Morice.  His  father,  who  was  a  Governor  of  the  Bank 
of  England,  died  at  his  house  in  Wandsworth  on  Nov.  16, 
1731.] 

STERNE. — I  take  the  following  from  Macmillan's 
Magazine  (vol.  ii.  p.  133.)  :  — 

"  In  the  Life  of  Edmund  Malone,  by  Sir  James  Prior, 
which  has  recently  appeared,  there  occurs  the  following 
paragraph,  bearing  reference  to  Laurence  Sterne :  — 

" '  He  was  buried  in  a  graveyard  near  Tyburn,  be- 
longing to  the  parish  of  Marylebone,  and  the  corpse, 
being  marked  by  some  of  the  resurrection  men  (as  they 
are  called),  was  "taken  up  soon  afterwards,  and  carried  to 


an  anatomy  professor  of  Cambridge.  A  gentleman  who 
was  present  at  the  dissection  told  me  he  recognised 
Sterne's  face  the  moment  he  saw  the  bod}7.' 

"  It  would  surely  be  very  interesting  if  any  light  could 

be  thrown  on  this  mysterious  affair Can  anyone 

tell  who  was  this  anatomy  professor  of  Cambridge  .  .  .  ? 
Is  there  anj'one  at  Cambridge  who  could  afford  informa- 
tion on  this  subject?  It  must  at  least  be  possible  to  find 
out  who  were  the  anatomy  professors  at  the  University 
in  the  year  of  Sterne's  decease." 

J.  G.  MORTEN. 

[It  is  stated  in  Willis's  Current  Notes  for  April,  1854, 
p.  31.,  that  "  the  professor  who  lectured  on  the  corpse,  C. 
Collignon,  B.M.,  knew  nothing  of  the  identity  of  Sterne 
till  after  the  dissection  was  effected."  Wm.  Clarke,  M.D., 
ia  the  following  number  of  the  Current  Notes,  p.  34., 
farther  adds :  "  I  am  sorry  that  I  can  give  you  no  in- 
formation respecting  the  skeleton  of  Laurence  Sterne, 
said  to  be  preserved  in  our  Anatomical  Museum.  There 
is  no  record  of  any  such  object."  *] 

EDWARD  CHAMBERLAYNE,  LL.D.  —  In  what 
year  did  this  editor  of  numerous  editions  of  the 
work  known  as  Chamberlayne1  s  State  of  England 
and  subsequently  of  Great  Britain,  die  ?  and  was 
he  an  advocate  in  practice  in  Doctors'  Commons, 
or  was  his  degree  honorary  only  ?  J.  R. 

[After  the  Restoration  of  King  Charles  II.  Chamber- 
layne became  Fellow  of  the  Royal  Society ;  and  in  1669 
Secretary  to  Charles  Earl  of  Carlisle,  when  he  was  sent 
to  Stockholm  to  carry  the  order  of  the  Garter  to  the 
King  of  Sweden.  In  January,  1670,  he  had  the  degree 
of  Doctor  of  the  Civil  Law  conferred  on  him  at  Cam- 
bridge ;  and  on  the  22nd  June,  1672.  was  incorporated  in 
the  same  at  Oxford.  He  was  buried  in  Chelsea  church- 
yard on  May  27,  1703.  See  Kippis's  Biog.  Britan.  and 
«N.  &Q."2n<*s.  v.456.] 

SORREL  AND  SIR  JOHN  FENWICK. — 

"  Illustris  sonipes,  certe  dignissima  cceTo, 

Cui  Leo,  cui  Taurus,  cui  daret  Ursa  locum, 
Quae  te  felicem  felicia  prata  tulere  ? 

Ubera  quce  felix  praebuit  alma  parens? 
Hibernis  patriam  venisti  ulturus  ab  oris? 

Aut  Glenco,  aut  stirps  te  Faeniciana  dedit  ? 
Sis  felix  quicunque  precor,  memorande ;  nee  unquam 

Jam  sellae  dorsum,  fraena  nee  ora  premant. 
*    Humani  generis  vindex,  moriente  tyranno, 

Hanc  libertatem,  quam  dabis,  ipse  tene." 

"  To  •  Sorrel,'  the  horse  that  fell  with  King  William. 
He  had  formerly  belonged  to  Sir  John  Fenwick." — (From 
Universal  Magazine,  1768,  vol.  xlii.  p.  183.) 

Sorrel  was,  probably,  so  called  from  his  colour. 
A  sorrel  horse  is  a  kind  of  roan,  what  would 
now  be  called  a  strawberry.  The  Jacobites  used 
to  drink  healths  "  to  Sorrel."  They  used  also  to 
toast  "the  little  gentleman  in  a  suit  of  black 

[*  Since  writing  the  above  we  have  received  the  fol- 
lowing communication  from  MR.  GANTILLON  :  — 

"In  Macmillan's  Magazine  for  this  month  there  are 
asked  (p.  133.)  certain  questions  about  the  Cambridge 
Professor  of  Anatomy  in  1768,  the  year  of  Sterne's  death. 
The  Professor  of  Anatomy  was  Charles  Collignon,  M.D,, 
Trinity.  The  Regius  Professor  of  Physic  was  Russell 
Plumptre,  M.D.  Queen's!  MESSRS.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON 
COOPEK  of  Cambridge  could,  perhaps,  supply  additional 
information."] 


S.  IX.  JUNE  23.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


487 


velvet,"  meaning  the  mole  that  threw  up  the  heap 
which  caused  the  horse  to  stumble  and  fall.  Those 
were  black  and  bitter  days,  when  party  was  a  real 
madness,  and  matters,  on  both  sides,  were  pushed 
to  extremities. 

Is  the  author  of  the  Latin  epigram  known  ? 

I  believe  there  is  no  evidence  but  Jacobite  as- 
sertion that  "  Sorrel "  once  belonged  to  Sir  John 
Fenwick ;  but  that  assertion  was  contemporary, 
and,  as  far  as  I  know,  has  never  been  contradicted. 

Faeniciana  is,  I  suppose,  a  pun  on  Fenwick. 

W.  D. 

[The  Latin  epigram  is  printed  in  "  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  i. 
467. ;  see  also  p.  487.,  where  it  is  conjectured  that  Dr. 
Smith  is  the  author  of  it.  Miss  Strickland  (Queens  of 
England,  viii.  58.,  ed.  1854),  informs  us,  without  stating 
her  authority,  that  "  King  William  took  possession  of  all 
the  personal  effects  of  Sir  John  Fenwick ;  among  others, 
in  evil  hour  for  himself,  of  a  remarkable  sorrel  pony, 
which  creature  was  connected  with  his  future  history."] 

THOMAS  FULLER,  M.D. — Who  was  the  Thomas 
Fuller,  M.D.  to  whom  we  owe  the  mass  of  prover- 
bial philosophy  contained  in 

"  Introductio  ad  Prudentiam ;  or,  Directions,  Counsels, 
and  Cautions.  1 2mo.  2  vols.  1726-27,  and  Gnomologia, 
Adagies,  &c.  12mo.  1732?" 

J.  O. 

[Thomas  Fuller  was  an  English  physician  of  some  re- 
pute in  the  early  part  of  the  last  century.  He  studied  at 
Queen's  College,  Cambridge,  where  he  took  the  degree  of 
M.D.  in  1681 ;  after  which  he  settled  at  Sevenoaks  in 
Kent,  and  died  there  on  Sept.  17,  1734,  in  the  eighty- 
first  year  of  his  age. — Nichols's  Literary  Anec.  i.  370.] 

BATH  FAMILY.  —  Can  any  of  your  genealogical 
correspondents  give  me  any  particulars  respecting 
the  Devonshire  family  of  Bath,  occupying,  temp. 
Henry  III.,  Bathe  House,  in  the  parish  of  North 
Tawton,  and  possessed  of  other  estates  ^in  the 
county  of  Devon  ?  '*  C.  B. 

[Walter  de  Baa,  or  De  Bathe,  was  Sheriff  of  Devon  in 
1217. 

Walter  de  Bathe,  perhaps  his  son,  filled  the  same  office 
from  1236  to  1251,  in  which  year  he  probably  died. 

Sir  Walter,  his  son,  died  in  1276,  possessed  of  lands  in 
East  Raddon,  Harberton,  Washbourne,  Brixham,  and 
many  other  places  in  the  county  of  Devon.  This  Sir 
Walter  founded  a  chantry  in  the  parish  church  of  Cole- 
brooke,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son, 

Augustine  de  Bath,  who  held  the  manors  of  Bathe  in 
North  Tawton,  Colebrooke,  Sheepwashe,  and  Weare  in 
Topsham,  and  dying  left  two  daughters  his  coheirs, 
Margaret,  wife  of  Sir  Andrew  de  Metstead,  and  Elinor, 
wife  of  Walter  de  Horton. 

This  Augustine  de  Bathe  appears  to  have  had  a  brother 
Walter  de  Bathe,  who  was  Sheriff  of  Devon  in  1290,  and 
again  in  1324,  whose  son  Thomas  de  Bathe  in  the  j-ear 
1350  lost  a  suit  at  law  respecting  Sheepwash  with  Elinor, 
wife  of  John  Holland,  daughter  and  heir  of  Sir  Andrew 
Metstead. 

Prince,  in  his  Worthies  of  Devon,  on  the  authority  of 
Pole  and  Risdon,  says  Sir  Henry  de  Bathe,  Chief  Justice 
of  the  King's  Bench  in  1247,  was  a  brother  of  Sir  Walter 
de  Bathe,  the  second  mentioned  above ;  but  Mr.  Foss,  in 
his  Judges  of  England,  shows  that  this  Sir  Henry  was 


son  or  nephew  and  heir  to  Hugh  de  Bathonia,  who  was 
an  officer  of  the  King's  Wardrobe  1215,  Sheriff  of  Bucks, 
1222 ;  of  Berks,  1226,  and  died  about  1236.  This  Sir  Henry 
the  Judge,  died  early  in  the  year  12G1 ;  his  wife  Aliva 
was  of  kindred  to  the  Bassets  and  Samfords,  and  after 
his  death  married  Nicholas  de  Yattingdon.  His  grandson 
John  had  an  only  child  Joan,  married  to  John  de  Bohun. 
Arms  of  Bathe  of  North  Tawton  —  Gules,  a  chevron 
argent  between  three  plates.  We  are  indebted  to  Mr. 
John  Tuckett's  valuable  Devon  Collections  for  the  fore- 
going particulars.] 

MARRIED  BY  THE  HANGMAN.  —  In  the  articles 
of  war  of  the  Scottish  expeditionary  army  of 
1644,  occurs  the  following  paragraph  :  — 

"If  any  common  whores  shall  be  found  following  the 
army,  if  they  be  married  women,  and  run  away  from 
their  husbands,  they  shall  be  put  to  death  without 
mercy;  and  if  they  be  unmarried,  they  shall  first  be 
married  by  the  hangman,  and  thereafter  by  him  scourged 
out  of  the  army." 

Can  any  of  your  correspondents  inform  me 
what  being  "  married  by  the  hangman  "  means  ? 

J.  F.  C. 

[Captain  Grose,  in  his  Lexicon  Balatronicum,  informs 
us,  that  "Persons  chained  or  handcuffed  together,  in 
order  to  be  conveyed  to  gaol,  or  on  board  the  lighters  for 
transportation,  are  in  the  cant  language  said  to  be  mar- 
ried together."] 


TEMPLES:  CHURCHES,  WHY  SO  CALLED? 
(2nd  S.  viii.  291.) 

A  correspondent  has  asked  why  the  word  tem- 
ple is  appropriated  in  Roman  Catholic  countries 
to  the  place  in  which  Protestant  worship  is  per- 
formed, and  quotes  the  History  of  the  Republic  of 
Holland  of  1705  in  illustration  of  his  meaning. 
The  Archduke  Mathias  alluded  to  in  this  quota- 
tion I  suppose  is  he  who  was  elected  emperor  in  1612. 
At  that  period  the  word  was  in  common  use,  not 
simply  by  Protestants  in  Roman  Catholic  coun- 
tries, but  specially,  and  almost  alone,  by  the  "  Re- 
formed" as  distinct  from  the  Lutherans.  For 
reasons  which  I  can  easier  guess  than  find  stated, 
Calvin  and  his  followers  seem  to  have  preferred 
the  word  temple  as  the  proper  designation  of  a 
place  of  worship.  Thus  in  the  Institutes  (lib.  iii. 
cap.  20.  sec.  30.,  ed.  in  French,  1562),  Calvin  says, 
"  Now,  since  God  has  ordained  to  all  his  people  to 
pray  in  common,  it  is  also  required,  that  in  order 
to  do  this,  there  should  be  Temples  set  apart," 
&c.  So  also  in  the  Commentary  on  the  Gospels 
(French  ed.,  1563),  he  says  in  the  preface,  which 
is  dated  1555,  that  at  Zurich  the  refugees  from 
Locarno  were  not  only  received  and  permitted  to 
exercise  their  religion,  "but  also  a  temple  was 
assigned  them."  The  preference  of  Calvin  was 
adopted  by  his  followers,  but  the  Lutherans  re- 
tained the  use  of  the  word  church.  I  give  an 
example  from  Musculus,  who  published  his  Loci 


488 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»<i  S.  IX.  JUNE  23. '60. 


Communes  in  1560,  of  which  I  quote  the  English 
version  (ed.  1563,  fol.  254.)  :  — 

"It  agreeth  better  with  the  nature  of  the  New  Testa- 
ment, that  the  place  wherein  the  people  vseth  to  repayre 
together,  shoulde  bee  called  the  Churche,  than  to  geue  it 
the  raagnificall  title  of  Tempels  emonge  Christian  men." 

The  Calvinists  seem  to  have  called  their  places 
of  worship  temples  because  they  called  the  con- 
gregation the  churcfi,  and  wished  to  make  a  dis- 
tinction. Another  reason  perhaps  was  that  the 
Catholics  termed  the  building  a  church.  They 
remembered  also  that  the  Jewish  sanctuary  was 
called  a  temple.  They  knew  too  that  the  ancient 
church  had  applied  the  word  temple  to  places  of 
Christian  worship.  Examples  of  this  may  be 
found  in  Suicer,  s.  v.  vabs.  The  later  Greeks 
adopted  the  word  re^irXov,  and  the  modern  Greek 
church  uses  the  word  vabs  of  a  portion  of  the  church. 
Among  the  Latins  the  word  templum  seems  at  first 
to  have  been  distasteful,  but  was  afterwards  used, 
as  may  be  easily  shown ;  e.  g.  the  Second  Council 
of  Nicea,  can.  vii. :  — 

"  Therefore  whatever  temples  (templa)  have  been  con- 
secrated without  the  relics  of  martyrs,  in  them  we  ordain 
the  deposition  of  relics  with  the  usual  prayers.  And  he 
who  consecrates  a  temple  (templum)  without  holy  relics, 
let  him  be  deposed." 

Among  the  Syrians  the  haiclo  or  temple  was 
that  elevated  portion  of  the  church  which  is  ele- 
vated by  two  or  three  steps,  and  accessible  only 
to  the  priests.  In  a  Jewish  Synagogue  the  haicel 
or  temple  is  the  body  of  the  building,  just  as  the 
vabs  in  the  Greek  churches,  the  heicel  or  temple, 
in  the  churches  of  Abyssinia,  and  the  nave  of 
churches  among  ourselves.  In  reference  to  this 
word  nave,  there  seems  to  be  good  reason  for  be- 
lieving that  it  etymologically  signifies  a  temple ; 
and  rather  comes  from  the  Greek  vab<s  than  the 
Latin  navis.  Even  the  general  term  temple  has 
been  consecrated  among  us  to  all  time  by  the 
genius  of  George  Herbert. 

These  remarks  have  been  made  merely  to  show 
that  the  peculiar  practice  of  our  Reformed  neigh- 
bours, is  not  peculiar,  but  in  harmony  with  the 
customs  of  all  churches  and  of  all  times.  It  is 
possible  that  the  word  chapel  would  have  been 
adopted,  but  for  the  fact  that  its  uses  among  the 
Roman  Catholics  are  some  of  them  very  repulsive 
to  Protestant  feeling  ;  as,  for  instance,  when  it  is 
applied  to  images  inserted  in  the  niche  of  a  wall, 
or  set  up  at  the  corner  of  a  field,  oftentimes  from 
very  superstitious  motives.  B.  H.  C. 


BURNING  OF  THE  JESUITICAL  BOOKS. 
(1st  S.  x.  323.) 

The  author  of  *'  A  Few  Words  on  Junius  and 
Macaulay,"  published  in  No.  3.  of  the  Cornhill 
Magazine  (vol.  i.  257.  et  seqq.},  after  citing  the 


well-known  paragraph  respecting  the  burning  of 
Jesuitical  books  at  Paris,  for  their  sound  casuistry, 
contained  in  the  letter  signed  Bifrons  (April  23, 
1768,  vol.  ii.  p.  175.  of  Boon's  WoodfalVs  Junius), 
assumes  that  Bifrons  was  the  same  writer  as  Ju- 
nius ;  and  then  adds :  — 

"  A  passage  so  pregnant  with  suggestion  has  of  course 
provoked  abundant  comment :  but  all  of  the  loosest  de- 
scription. No  one  seems  to  have  taken  the  pains  to  fol- 
low out  for  himself  a  hint  pointing  to  conclusions  of  so 
much  importance,  both  negative  and  affirmative." 

He  then  condemns  —  first,  Mr.  W.  H.  Smith,  edi- 
tor of  the  Grenville  Papers,  for  stating  that  the 
burning  "probably  took  place  in  or  about  the  year 
1732;"  and  next,  "a  writer  who  endeavours  to 
establish  a  claim  for  Lord  Ly ttleton  "  for  assum- 
ing that  it  "took  place  in  1764; "  and  thereupon 
he  authoritatively  asserts :  "  The  burning  of  books, 
so  accurately  described  by  Bifrons,  took  place,  be* 
yond  a  doubt,  as  we  shall  presently  see,  on  August 
the  7th,  1761."  In  proof  of  this  assertion,  the 
author  adduces  a  despatch  6f  that  year  from  Mr. 
Hans  Stanley,  culled  from  the  State  Paper  Office, 
in  which  was  enclosed  the  original  printed  arret  of 
the  6th  of  August,  1761,  condemning  the  books  to 
be  burnt ;  and  then  triumphantly  closes  his  p^ra- 
graph  thus  :  "  And  a  MS.  note  at  the  foot  of  the 
arret  states  that  the  books  were  burnt  on  the  7th 
accordingly." 

Now,  sooner  or  later,  a  literary  error  is  sure  to 
meet  its  detection  in  the  columns  of  "  N.  &  t^,." 
In  the  present  instance,  the  several  errors  to  be 
found  in  the  "  Few  Words-article  "  of  the  Corn- 
hill  Magazine  were  detected  sooner  than  they  were 
committed  by  the  author  of  that  article,  as  may 
be  clearly  seen  on  reference  to  the  Queries  under 
the  above  head,  and  the  thereto  subjoined  extract, 
in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  1st  S.  x.  323.  et-seq. 

It  will  there  be  seen  that  at  least  one  writer 
had,  in  1854,  done  that  which  the  author  of  "A 
Few  Words,"  &c.,  ought  —  according  to  his  own 
rule  —  to  have  done,  but  which  he  has  certainly 
not  fully  done,  namely,  "  followed  out  for  himself 
Bifrons'  hint  pointing  to  conclusions  of  so  much 
importance, both  negative  and  affirmative;" — that, 
in  execution  of  the  arret  of  the  6th  August,  1761, 
the  books  were  not  "  burnt  on  the  7th  accordingly ;" 
but  that,  by  the  king's  letters  patent  of  the  same 
date,  the  execution  of  the  arret  was  suspended  for 
one  year ;  and  that  on  the  same  day  of  August  in 
the  following  year  another  arret  ordered  the  exe- 
cution. The  books  were  accordingly  burnt  in  the 
latter  year,  1762,  and,  it  has  been  sajd,  on  the  17th 
of  August. 

The  author  of  the  "  Few  Words-article  "  has 
very  ingeniously  endeavoured  to  show  that  Mr. 
(afterwards  Sir)  Philip  Francis  was  in  Paris  on 
the  7th  of  August,  1761,  when  the  MS.  note  stated 
"  the  books  were  burnt  accordingly ; "  and  thereby 
to  lead  his  readers  to  his  own  q.  e.  d.  conclusion, 


2"d  &  IX  JUNE  ?3.  'CO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


489 


that  Francis  was  Bifrons,  and  Bifrons  Junius, 
ergo  Francis  was  Junius.  But  if  Mr.  Wade  tells 
truth,  the  author's  fine-spun  theory  must  fall  j^for 
in  that  gentleman's  note  on  p.  175.  of  vol.  ii.  of 
Bohn's  Wood/all's  Junius,  he  says  :  — 

"But  Francis  is  not  known,  to  have  been  in  Paris 
that  year  (1761);  he  is  known  to  have  been  with  Lord 
Kinnoul  at  Lisbon,  from  which  city  he  returned  to  Eng- 
land in  October." 

ERIC. 

Ville-Marie,  Canada. 


THE  LABEL  IN  HERALDRY. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  80.  131.231.) 

In  a  very  interesting  paper  communicated  by 
J.  R.  Planche,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  on  "  Early  Ar- 
morial Bearings,"  and  read  by  him  at  the  Win- 
chester Congress  of  the  Brit.  Archseol.  Assoc.  in 
1845,  that  gentleman  fairly  demonstrates  that  the 
usual  divisions  of  the  shield  in  modern  heraldry, 
as  well  as  some  of  the  minor  charges,  crosses, 
annulets,  mascles,  &c.,  owe  their  origin  to  the  neces- 
sity for  strengthening  the  long  kite-shaped  shield 
in  use  in  the  earlier  ages  of  chivalry ;  and  I  refer 
to  it  to  show  the  probability  that  to  some  such 
necessity  as  that  of  distinction  on  the  field,  and 
not  to  the  source  suggested  by  M.  G.,  we  owe  the 
adoption  of  the  label  in  heraldry,  as  the  first  of 
a  series  pf  distinguishing  marks  afterwards  de- 
veloped into  a  system  technically  termed  "  Dis- 
tinctions of  Houses,"  and  more  generally  known 
in  the  present  day  as  "  Differences,"  or  marks  of 
"  Cadency."  They  consist  chiefly  of  the  label, 
crescent,  mullet,  martlet,  annulet,  and  fleur-de-lis, 
for  descendants  in  the  first,  second,  third  genera- 
tion, and  so  on,— the  next  race  doubling  the  dis- 
tinction, as,  a  crescent  on  a  crescent,  &c. 

Mr.  Planche  adduces  an  instance  of  the  early 
use  of  the  label  from  the  Roll  of  Caerlaverock :  — 

"  Maurice  de  Berkeley  had  a  banner  red  as  blood, 
cruselly,  with  a  white  chevron,  and  a  blue  label  because 
his  father  was  alive" 

He  farther  adds,  on  the  authority  of  Upton, 
that  the  use  of  the  label  implies  the  bearing  of  a 
second  son,  generally  one  of  three  points  (the 
eldest  bearing  a  crescent  or  some  other  small  dif- 
ference) ;  the  third  son  one  of  four  points ;  the 
next  generation  substituting  a  border  for  dif- 
ference, which  then  became  hereditary.  The  ac- 
cidental origin  of  the  label,  otherwise  Lambel  or 
.file  of  three  points,  or  Lambrequins  (for  all  these 
terms  are  met  with),  as  shown  in  the  quotations 
given  by  your  correspondents  from  older  authors, 
is  generally  assumed  to  be  the  correct  one  by 
modern  writers, — Sir  Bernard  Burke  defining  it  to 
be  "  a  piece  of  silk,  stuff,  or  linen,  with  three 
pendants,  generally  used  as  a  mark  of  cadency." 
Nicholls  (vide  Compendium,  2nd  ed.  1727,  vol.  iii.) 


"  The  label  is  of  such  dignity  that  the  son  of  an  em- 
peror cannot  bear  a  difference  of  higher  esteem  ;  but  the 
label  of  three  points  is  not  always  borne  the  first  of  the 
Differences  only,  but  is  also  borne  in  armory  an  a  charge, 
and  the  French  take  it  for  a  scarf  or  ribbon,  which  young 
men  wore  anciently  about  the  neck  of  their  helmets  (as 
we  now  do  cravats),  with  points  hanging  down,  when 
they  went  to  the  wars,  or  to  military  exercise,  in  com- 
pany with  their  fathers,  by  which  they  were  distinguished 
from  them." 

Instances  in  proof  of  the  statement  that  the 
label  is  sometimes  borne  as  a  charge  may  be 
found  in  the  arms  of  existing  [families,  such  as 
Prideaux,  Barrington,  St.  Lo,  &c. ;  and  as  an 
illustration  of  the  extended  use  of  the  label  borne 
as  a  difference  and  a  confirmation  of  the  "  dig- 
nity "  attaching  to  its  use  in  heraldry  (above  that 
conferred  on  it  by  the  Princes  of  Wales,  who 
have  borne  it  from  the  time  of  Edward  III.  —  "a 
label  of  three  points  plain"),  I  would  refer  to  the 
differences  borne  by  the  princes  and  princesses 
of  royal  blood  in  the  last  generation,  each  bearing 
a  label  of  three  points  charged  with  some  distin- 
guishing device  (roses,  fleurs-de-lis,  &c. — the  late 
King  William  III.  when  Duke  of  Clarence,  a  cross 
between  two  anchors),  excepting  only  the  late 
Duke  of  Gloucester,  who  bore  (in  addition  to  the 
Prince  of  Wales'  label,  one  of  three  points  plain,) 
a  label  of  Jive  points  variously  charged  to  mark 
his  descent  from  the  Prince  of  Wales,  eldest  son  of 
George  II.,  of  whom  his  father  was  third  son,  and 
therefore  brother  of  King  George  III.  It  may 
not  be  unnecessary  to  add  in  conclusion  that  in 
the  case  of  families  undoubtedly  descended  from 
one  common  ancestor,  the  descent  of  each  branch 
is  not  .sometimes  to  be  traced  by  variations  in  the 
coat  armour  borne  by  each  family — the  insignia 
belonging  to  the  name  being  borne  in  common  by 
all,  without  any  difference  or  mark  of  cadency ; 
the  wide-spread  and  honourable  house  of  Wynd- 
ham,  for  instance,  bearing  universally  the  chevron 
and  lions'  heads  for  arms,  the  lion's  head  and  fet- 
terlock slightly  varied  in  some  cases  for  crest,  and 
au  Ion  droit  for  motto.  In  the  case  of  Prideaux, 
the  difference  of  the  label,  though  borne  as  a  per- 
manent charge,  marks  the  fact  that  two  lines  at 
least  of  the  elder  stock  have  become  extinct, 
though  the  arms  now  borne  by  that  family  are 
assigned  by  Burke  to  Orcharton,  whose  heiress 
married  Herden  Prideaux  towards  the  close  of 
the  twelfth  century.  The  same  may  be  said  of 
Barrington,  the  direct  line  having  failed  on  the 
death  of  the  fifth  baronet  of  the  name,  at  the 
commencement  of  the  last  century. 

HENRY  W.  S.  TAYLOR. 

Portswood  Park. 

BALK,  AND  PIQHTEL   OR  PIKLE:  VENTILATE. 

(2nd  S.  ix.  443.) 

The  first  of  these  words  I  have  not  heard  used 
by  rustics  for  a  long  time,  but  when  in  use  it 


490 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


[2~»  s?.  tX.  JUNE  23.  '60. 


indicated  a  ridge  of  land  left  unploughed  be- 
tween the  furrows,  or  a  strip  of  grass  at  the  end 
of  a  field.  The  Saxon  term  was  bale,  and  the 
Welsh  use  the  same  word  now,  I  believe.  Skinner 
derives  balk  from  Valicare,  Ital.,  to  pass  over ; 
but  I  confess  to  being  presumptuous  enough  to 
think  this  rather  far-fetched.  The  most  common 
use  of  the  word  balk  now  is  to  indicate  the 
imaginary  boundary  at  one  end  of  a  billiard 
table. 

The  word  pightel,  or  as  it  is  also  spelt,  pickle, 
pycle,  and  pingle,  is  used  principally  in  those 
counties  where  the  East  Anglian  dialect  prevails, 
as  Norfolk,  Suffolk,  and  Cambridgeshire.  It  de- 
signates a  small  enclosed  field  attached  to  a  dwell- 
ing-house or  cottage,  but  I  never  heard  it  applied 
to  "  an  enclosure  surrounding  a  dwelling-house," 
nor  do  I  think  the  word  at  all  "  synonymous  with 
lawn."  If,  therefore,  our  American  cousins  use 
the  word  in  such  a  sense,  they  have  given  it  a 
meaning  of  their  own.  In  Suffolk  the  word 
pightel  is  principally  applied  to  the  closes  or 
small  fields  in  which  flax  is  grown. 

The  etymology  of  this  word  is  involved  in 
much  obscurity.  Cowel  gives  the  Italian  word 
piccolo  as  the  derivation,  and  most  dictionaries, 
which  have  the  word  at  all,  give  the  same  deriva- 
tion. Although  it  is  a  formidable  thing  to  differ 
from  authorities  like  Cowel  and  Todd,  I  am  for 
many  reasons  unwilling  to  adopt  the  derivation 
they  give  for  the  East  Anglian  word  pightel.  A 
friend  of  mine,  and  contributor  to  "  N.  &  Q.," 
whose  knowledge  of  the  East  Anglian  dialect  and 
the  Saxon  language  is  far  more  extensive  than 
my  own,  has  suggested  that  the  word  in  r[tiestion 
is  derived  from  a  Saxon  root  which  is  now  lost. 
Again  I  would  suggest  the  word  pight,  an  old 
form  of  the  past  participle  of  the  verb  to  pitch, 
as  a  not  impossible  derivation  for  pightel.  The 
word  pight  is  used  several  times  by  Spenser  in 
his  Fairy  Queen  and  Shepherd's  Calendar  in  the 
sense  of  fixed  or  placed ;  Shakspeare  also  uses 
the  word  in  a  similar  sense,  and  Fabyan'says  :  — 

"  The  kynge  then  pyght  his  pauylyons  and  strengthed 
his  felde  for  sodayne  brekynge  out  of  the  Turkes." — Vol. 
ii.  1272. 

There  is  also  the  obsolete  verb  to  pight  (not  to 
be  found  in  Johnson),  which  is  akin  to  the  A.-S. 
verb  pi/can,  to  prick,  and  may  be  derived  perhaps 
from  pigg,  Su.  Goth.,  meaning  to  pierce.  It  is 
so  used  by  Wicliffe  in  his  Translation  of  the 
Bible  :  — 

"  And  eftsoone  anothir  scripture  seitli,  thei  schulen  se 
into  whom  thei  pighten  thorough." — S.  John,  xix.  37. 

Pightel  would  thus  mean,  as  H.  N.  suggests,  a 
piece  of  ground  staked  out. 

In  the  neighbourhood  of  Cromer,  Norfolk, 
pightels,  especially  when  laid  down  in  grass,  are 
often  called  lokes,  probably  from  the  Saxon  verb 
locan,  to  look,  because  they  adjoin  the  homestead 


and  are  overlooked  by  it.  Near  Lowestoft,  Suf- 
folk, I  heard  the  word  loke  applied  to  a  green 
lane,  on  what  principle  I  do  not  know. 

The  words  pightel  and  croft,  the  meanings  of 
which  are  almost  identical,  are  still  to  be  met 
with  in  deeds.  The  latter  word  is  used  in  almost 
every  county  of  England  to  denote  a  field  of  some 
sort,  generally  pasture  or  meadow  land.  The 
words  garth  and  toft,  too,  are  not  unfrequently 
met  with;  the  former  especially,  which  means 
more  properly  a  piece  of  garden  ground  ;  the 
latter  is  applied  to  a  piece  of  land  on  which  a 
building  has  at  one  time  or  other  stood.  Garth 
and  croft  are  both  Saxon,  and  toft  finds  its 
equivalent  in  the  Su.  Gothic  word  topt. 

I  do  not  quite  know  to  what  "  new  and  ex- 
pressive use  of  the  word  ventilate  "  H.  N.  refers  : 
he  surely  cannot  mean  the  expression  "  to  ven- 
tilate a  subject,"  as  this  is  by  no  means  a  new 
use  of  the  word.  The  word  ventilate,  in  the 
sense  of  to  examine  or  discuss,  is  used  by  Fell 
and  by  Aycliffe ;  and  Abp.  Sancroft,  writing 
nearly  two  centuries  ago,  has  the  following  sen- 
tence in  one  of  his  works :  — 

"  Nor  doth  the  victor  commonly  permit  any  ventila- 
tion'of  his  dictates:  for  when  the  body  is  a  slave,  why 
should  the  reason  be  free  ?  "—Modern  Politics,  s.  5. 

If  this  be  not  the  use  to  which  N.  H.  alludes,  he 
will  perhaps  favouiMis  with  an  example  of  the  word 
applied  in  the  new  sense  he  spoke  of. 

As  I  have  been  speaking  so  much  of  Norfolk, 
I  think  this  not  an'  inappropriate  place  to  add  my 
testimony  to  that  of  ACHE  ae  to  the  universal  use 
of  the  word  dickey  for  donkey  on  and  near  the 
east  coast  of  Norfolk.  ,  J.  A.  PN. 

The  word  "  ventilate  "  is  of  no  modern  origin  ; 
it  was  used  in  England  before  the  existence  of 
America  was  known  to  civilised  man. 

It  was  the  ordinary  term  used  in  courts  of  law 
from  the  earliest  day  to  signify  the  raising  of 
a  discussion  on  any  point.  (See  Du  Cange, 
"  Ventilare  causam  —  earn  agitare,  de  ea  disse- 
rere.") 

An  instance  of  its  use  in  France  is  cited,  A.D. 
1367:  — 

"  Et  toutes  leurs  causes  mues  et  a  mouvoir,  soient  ven- 
tillees  et  determinees  ....  en  nostre  chambre  de  Parle- 
ment." 

Another  instance  is  cited  more  than  two  cen- 
turies earlier  :  — 

"  Cumque  diu  haec  causa  fuit  ventilata." 

In  pleadings  in  our  own  courts,  especially  the 
ecclesiastical,  the  word  is  of  ordinary  occurrence, 
and  has  been  used  for  at  least  seven  centuries. 

X.  X. 

Your  American  correspondent  H.  N.  will  find 
that  the  word  "ventilate"  was  used  in  England  in 


s.  IX.  JUNE;  23.  '50.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


491 


its  present  sense  above  three  hundred  years  ago. 
It  is  in  Sir  T.  Elyot's  Governour,  and  in  Bishop 
Hall's  Old  Religion,  the  quotation  from  which, 
being  shorter,  I  add  :  — 

"  The  ventilation  of  these  points  diffused  them  to  the 
knowledge  of  the  world." — C.  2. 

Harrington  also  has  it  in  his  Oceana  ;  and  other 
examples  will  be  found  both  in  Johnson's  and 
Richardson's  Dictionaries.  D.  S. 


This  word  has  long  been  used  by  the  French 
in  the  sense  to  which  I  suppose  H.  N.  alludes. 
The  Dictionnaire  de  V Academic  has  the  following  : 

"  Ventiler,  v.  a.  II  signifie  aussi,  discuter  une  affaire, 
agiter,  debattre  une  question  avant  que  d'en  delibe'rer  en 
forme.  Ilfaut  ventiler  premierement  cette  affaire ;  ce  sens 
est  vieux." 

JOHN  WILLIAMS. 

Arno's  Court. 

In  replying  to  your  correspondent,  the  explana- 
tion must  necessarily  be  received  as  derived  from 
authorities  under  the  influence  of  local  phrase- 
ology :  it  may  admit  of  that  derivation  which  is 
peculiar  to  folk-lore,  but  the  words  are  familiar 
throughout  the  county. 

Balk,  in  Blofield  Hundred,  Norfolk,  is,  in  the 
language  of  your  querist,  the  "  raised  earth  thrown 
up  by  two  adjoining  furrows,"  and  is  common  on 
whole  fields  where  lands  lie  fallow  for  the  winter. 

Rie-balk,  probably  "  raised  balk,"  is  applied 
where  one  furrow  only  is  made,  the  raised  earth 
resting  on  the  unploughed  soil. 

Mire-balk.  Where  lands  are  cultivated  in  open 
fields  a  single  strip  is  left  to  mark  the  limits  of 
each  occupation. 

Pightel  is  a  small  field,  seldom  if  ever  exceeding 
two  acres,  but  it  is  generally  preceded  by  a  pre- 
fix, as  Ball's,  Parson's,  or  Cherry-tree,  Pightel. 
Where  it  forms  part  of  an  old  wood  from  which 
it  is  separated  by  a  road  or  river,  &c.,  it  is  called 
a  "  Spinny."  H.  D'AvENEY. 

* 

DUTCH  TRAGEDY. 

(2nd  S.  viii.  309.) 
W.  J.  F.  writes  in  the  Navorscher,  x.  p.  174. : 

"  After  a  cursory  perusal  of  the  number  in  which  J.  F. 
J.'s  query  was  inserted,  I  thought  I  would  be  able  to 
point  out  where  the  '  Curiosities  of  Literature  '  he  men- 
tions were  to  be  brought  home.  I  opened  the  work  he 
had  recalled  to  my  mind,  and  wondered  at  so  much  con- 
formance  and  so  much  deviation.  It  was  not  long  before 
I  had  come  to  the  inference  that  the  author  of  Remarks 
upon  Remarks — be  it  then  in  good  faith  or  knowingly — 
had  mashed  up  several  pieces  of  the  same  poet  (and  per- 
haps also  of  others)  and  had  thereupon  founded  his  in- 
dictment. After  a  repeated  reading  of  the  article,  I  saw 
that  my  supposition  very  well  congrued  with  the  que- 
rist's, where  he  says :  '  I  observe  the  author  prefers  face- 
tiousness  to  accuracy,  though  I  cannot  accuse  him  of 
wilful  falsification.' 


"  Now  this  is  what  I  know  of  the  matter : 
"  In  vol.  iii.  of  the  Pampiere  VVereldmeest  alle  de  Rijmen 
en  IVerken  van  J.  H.  Krul,  afgezondert  in  vier  Deelen' (Tot 
Amsteldam.  In 't  jaer  CIOIOCLXXXI)  one  meets  with  a 
(Slij-eindend  Treurspel  (well-  ending  Tragedy)  Helena?  in 
which  a  dialogue  occurs  between  the  heroine  and  her 
lover  Rogier,  treating  of  their  premeditated  flight ;  further 
on  Rogier  appears  before  Helena's  bed,  and  indeed  makes 
a  speech  of  thirteen  lines,  but  in  spirit  and  manner  quite 
different  from  the  alleged.  The  reclining  Helena  — in 
the  way  in  which  she  is  figured  on  the  corresponding 
engraving  —  in  my  opinion  would  pass  as  well  for  the 
image  of  a  man  with  a  toga-like  robe  and  a  very  long 
and  broad  band.  The  head,  which  is  uncovered  and  very 
large,  could  very  well  give  birth  to  such  a  mistake.  In 
the  same  tragedy  [a  well-ending  one!],  a  person,  yclept 
Karel,  transpierces  himself,  because  the  young  lady  he 
loves  does  not  accede  to  his  wishes,  by  resisting  the  pro- 
posal of  a  run-away  match,  and  this  in  obedience  to  her 
parents,  who  would  not  approve  of  their  wooing,  and  also 
because  her  inflamed  admirer  had  killed  some  one  a  few 
moments  ago.  Karel's  ghost  now  appears,  with  a  torch 
to  his  lady-love,  who  is  sleeping  *  in  the  shadow  of  the 
glistening  aldertrees ' ;  and  addresses  the  unconscious 
fair  one  in  the  following  strains : 

" '  Waek  op  ELYZABETH,  waek  op,  waek  op  van  't  slapen, 
En  ziet  uw  KAREL  hier  (ELYZABETH)  wanschapen, 
Met  wangen  bleek ;  waek  op,  aenschouwt  wie  dat  ik 

ben, 

Een  die  u  niet  genoeg  voldoen  met  bidden  ken.' 
[Wake  up,  Elizabeth,  wake  up,  wake  up  from  dozing, 
Elizabeth,  look  up,  thy  cruel  eyes  unclosing, 
And  see  thy  Karel  now,  so  shapeless,  pale  and  drear, 
And  what  thou  mad'st  of  him,  unmoved  one,  look 
here!] 

"  Now  upon  this  page  there  stand  14  lines :  but  on  the 
following  one  the  text  still  proceeds  uninterrupted  for 
18,  a  cut  being  interjected  between  these  and  the  former. 
O  conscientious  Critic !  Somewhat  later,  Elizabeth  comes 
forth  '  with  a  nun's  habit  and  a  skull,'  her  image  cor- 
responding well  enough  with  its  description  in  the  query 
as  '  thin ' ;  but  I  note  by  the  way,  that  she  does  not  seem 
to  be  carrying  the  nun's  dress  with  her,  as  the  play  says, 
but  looks  as  having  it  on,  though  no  doubt  it  is  an 
*  idealised '  one. 

"  I  leave  it  to  literary  men,  more  competent  than  I  am, 
to  decide  whether  Krul's  works  ought  to  be  produced  as 
'  fair  specimens  of  Dutch  Tragedy.' 

"  To  conclude  I  must  confess,  that  I  have  not  been 
able  to  discover  either  Maximinus  or  his  monologue; 
now,  however,  it  will  not  be  difficult  to  find  him  out :  I 
had  no  leisure  to  do  so  at  present." 

The  Editors  of  the  Navorscher  add  :  — 

"  That  Krul's  Helena  was  to  the  taste  of  a  tasteless 
public  is  evident  from  the  different  editions  existing  of 
his  works.  Besides  the  above  quoted,  the  Maatschappij  der 
Nederlandsche  Letterkunde  te  Leyden  possesses  three  issues 
of  the  author's  works.  See  the  Catalogus  van  Tooneel- 
stukken,  pp.  129,  130." 

J.  H.  VAN  LENNEP. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht. 


WRIGHT  OF  PLOWLAND  (2nd  S.  ix.  313.)  — I 
believe  the  arms  mentioned  by  your  correspondent 
ACHE  as  being  quartered  with  those  of  the  above 
family,  and  for  which  he  wishes  to  find  an  owner, 
to  be  those  of  the  Yorkshire  family  of  Kyder 


492 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  JUNE  23.  '60. 


(Guillim,  p.  114.).  Kent,  in  his  Banner  Displayed, 
vol.  i.  p.  207.,  attributes  the  same  arms,  viz.  az. 
three  crescents  or,  to  the  families  of  Ryder  or 
Rider,  Harvey  of  Gloucester,  Raby  of  Durham, 
and  Courtin  of  France.  Sir  Wm.  Ryder,  Knight, 
Lord  Mayor  of  London  in  1600,  bore  the  same 
arms  with  a  mullet  for  difference.  J.  W. 

A  FATHER'S  JUSTICE  (2nd  S.  ix.  426.)  —  The 
story  is  told  of  Zaleucus,  the  famous  Locrian  law- 
giver, by  JElian,  Var.  Hist.  xiii.  24. ;  and  Valerius 
Maximus,  vi.  5.  ext.  3.  W. 

URCHIN  (2nd  S.  ix.  423.)  —  Allow  me  to  submit 
to  your  correspondent  the  following  derivation  of 
the  word  urchin.  Urchin  is  derived  from  the  Ar- 
moric  Heureucfiin,  and  appears  to  have  been  ap- 
plied to  a  boy  in  the  same  manner  as  the  word 
hog  to  a  man  ;  that  is,  as  a  designation  of  his  dis- 
agreeable uncivilised  propensities.  The  word,  I 
think,  is  seldom,  if  ever,  employed  as  the  cogno- 
men of  a  little  boy  without  some  idea  of  aversion, 
although  it  indeed  sometimes  amounts  only  to 
mere  contempt.  W .  B. 

HENRY  KING  (2nd  S.  ix.  432.)  —  The  preface  to 
Henry  King's  Metrical  Version  of  the  Psalms  is 
subscribed  H.  K.  with  a  B.C.  interlaced,  which  is 
no  doubt  the  monogram  used  in  the  Antidote 
against  Error,  and  rightly  conjectured  by  Lord 
Monson  to  apply  to  the  Bishop  of  Chichester. 

J.  O.' 

MARCH  HARES  (2nd  S.  viii.  514.)— As  I  con- 
tributed the  explanation  of  this  proverb  to  Wright's 
Diet,  of  Obsolete  and  Provincial  Words,  whence  it 
was  copied,  I  presume,  into  the  recent  edition  of 
Nares'  Glossary,  permit  me  to  say  that  I  have 
had  ocular  demonstration  of  its  correctness. 
After  two  or  three  warm  days  in  early  spring  I 
have  seen  hares  performing  strange  antics — -run- 
ning a  few  feet  up  the  stems  of  trees  which  were 
slightly  out  of  the  perpendicular,  falling  down  on 
their  backs,  leaping  up  into  the  air,  and  uttering 
strange  cries  (called  by  old  hunting  authors  beat- 
ing  or  ?«joping.)  If  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  still 
has  his  doubts,  let  him  ask  some  intelligent  game- 
keeper, the  best  of  field  naturalists;  or,  still  bet- 
ter, let  him  ascend  a  tree  in  a  covert  well  stocked 
with  these  pernicious  animals,  on  such  a  day  as  I 
have  described  (about  five  o'clock  P.M.)  and  keep 
quiet,  and  he  will  soon  see  and  hear  for  himself. 

E.  G.  R. 

MILTON'S  SONNET  TO  HENRY  LAWES  (2nd  S.  ix. 
337.  395.)  — Perhaps  some  of  the  Cambridge  cor- 
respondents of  "  N.  &  Q."  will  be  kind  enough  to 
examine  Milton's  autograph  of  this  sonnet,  and 
inform  us  whether  the  original  title  be  as  stated 
by  me  (on  the  authority  of  Dr.  Todd),  "  To  my 
friend,  Mr.  Hen.  Lawes,  feb.  9.  1645,  on  the  pub- 
lishing of  his  Aires  ;  "  or,  as  conjectured  by  C.  E. 
«  To  Mr.  H.  Laweson  his  Aires."  W.  H.  HUSK. 


PLOUGH  (2»d  S.  viii.  431.522.)  — In  Dorset- 
shire and  Somerset,  the  instrument  for  tilling  land 
is  called  a  sull  or  syll,  which  is  the  A.-S.  name. 
Hence  selion  (Fr.  sillon),  a  ridge  or  "  stetch  "  in 
a  ploughed  field.  But  I  have  some  doubts  as  to 
P.  H.  F.'s  statement  as  to  the  meaning  of  the 
law-Latin  word  caruca.  Indeed  I  incline  to  the 
opinion  that  caruca  and  Lord  Feversham's 
"plough"  both  meant  what  is  called  in  other 
parts  of  England  "  a  team."  The  team,  I  ima- 
gine, consisted  of  two  yoke  at  least.  In  Norfolk, 
where  we  plough  with  two  horses,  the  "  teamer  " 
consists  of  four  horses  (not^we,  as  Halliwell  says 
incorrectly).  And  I  imagine,  though  I  do  not 
wish  to  be  positive,  that  where  they  plough  with 
three  horses,  six  make  a  team.  In  the  only  Nor- 
folk farm  with  which  I  am  acquainted,  where  all 
the  ploughing  was  done  with  oxen,  to  two  ploughs 
eight  oxen  were  kept.  Each  plough  was  drawn 
by  two  oxen,  which  were  changed  four  times  a- 
day,  and  in  hot  weather  even  more  often  ;  and 
humanity  demands  this  for  ruminant  animals. 
But  to  my  proof  as  to  caruca.  Rotuli  Hundredo- 
rum,  vol.  i.  p.  157-j  col.  a.  Com.  Essex :  "  Dicunt 
quod  Galfr.  de  Mores  subescaetor  cessit  caruc' 
Richardi  Clerici  de  Magna  Brigh'  scilicet  vj  boves 
et  ijos  stottos  prec'  vj  marc',  &c."  "  Caruc"  here, 
whether  the  word  be  carucam  or  carucas,  must  be 
"team"  or  "teams."  Also  Cowel's  Interpreter, 
voce  PRECARLS;  :  — 

"  Et  etiatn  debet  venire,  quolibet  anno  ad  duas  preca- 
rias  earache  cum  caruca  sua  si  habet  integram  carucam, 
vel  de  parte  quam  habeat  caruca?  quum  habet,  si  caru- 
cam  non  habeat  integram  et  tune  arare  debet  utroque 
die  quantum  potest  a  mane  usque  ad  meridiem,"  &c. 

Part  of  a  team  might  have  been  of  use,  even  one 
yoke  might  be  sufficient,  as  he  had  to  plough  only 
half  the  day ;  but  part  of  a  plough  or  cart,  if  he 
had  not  a  whole  one,  could  have  been  of  no  use. 

I  conclude,  therefore,  that  the  jugerum  was  as 
much  as  a  yoke  of  oxen  could  plough  in  a  day  ;  a 
bovate  or  ox-gang  as  much  as  a  yoke  could  plough 
in  a  season,  not  one  ox  as  generally  defined ;  and  a 
ploflghland  or  carucate  as  much  as  a  team  could 
plough  in  a  season.  Of  course  this  varied  with 
the  description  of  soil.  My  private  opinion,  too, 
is  that  Richard  Clerk's  six  bullocks  and  two  stots 
only  made  one  team.  E.  G.  R. 

PUBLICATION  OF  BANNS  (2nd  S.  viii.  227.  541.) 

—  One  of  our  judges  —  Baron  Alderson  I  think 

—  laid  down  the  rule  that  the  proper  way  of  re- 
conciling the  Rubric  and  the  Act  of  Parliament  is, 
in  those  places  where  there  is 'morning  service,  to 
publish  the  banns   after   the  Nicene  creed,   but 
when  there  is  only  afternoon  service,  to  publish  it 
after  the  second  lesson.     Just  at  the  time  that 
this  dictum  was  laid  down,  it  happened  that  I  had 
to  publish  the  banns  between  an  old  man  of  seventy 
and  a  girl  of  nineteen,  and  did  so  immediately 
after  reading,  as  second  lesson,  the  account  of  the 


IX.  JUNE  23.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


493 


crucifixion.  Shocked  at  the  levity  which  this  oc- 
casioned, I  have  ever  since  published  banns  imme- 
diately after  the  Nicene  creed*  But,  as  I  did  not 
follow  Captain  Cuttle's  rule,  I  would  be  obliged 
if  any  contributor  to  "  N".  &  Q."  would  state  when 
and  by  whom  this  rule  was  laid  down.  E.  G.  R. 

MALE  AND  FEMALE  SWANS  (2nd  S.  viii.  416. 
524.)  —  In  some  old  MSS.  which  I  have  seen  on 
swan-marks,  the  male  bird  is  called  cobb,  and 
the  female  pen  (not  hen).  Some  of  the  other 
terms  applied  to  swans  are  curious.  The  right  of 
keeping  a  pair  of  swans  on  a  public  water  is  called 
cygninota,  a  swan-mark,  because  each  person  pos- 
sessed of  this  right  had  his  distinguishing  mark. 
The  right  of  the  crown,  sometimes  granted  to 
private  persons  or  corporations,  of  seizing  white 
swans  unmarked  by  their  owners  is  a  game  of 
swans,  deductus  cygnorum,  Une  deduite,  or  Volatus 
cygnorum. 

The  swan-upper  of  the  owner  of  the  game  of 
swans  is  magister  deductus  cygnorum.  The  swan- 
mark  of  the  Dy mocks,  champion  of  England,  is  a 
mark  like  a  spear  cut  on  the  bill.  The  tenants  of 
the  Bishop  of  Ely's  manor  of  Ely  Barton  were 
obliged  to  cut  sloping  passages  from  the  pits 
whence  they  had  cut  turf  for  fuel,  that  the  cygnets, 
if  they  fell  in,  might  be  enabled  to  get  out. 

E.  G.  R. 

"END"  (2nd  S.  viii.  432.  522.)— In  Norfolk, 
in  Herts,  and  in  Bedfordshire  this  word  is  used  as 
correctly  stated  by  your  correspondent  W.  H.  W. 
T.  Thus  Hemblington  End  is  the  part  of  the  parish 
of  Blofield  adjoining  to  Hemblington.  It  is,  how- 
ever, restricted  to  clusters  of  cottages  ;  and  some- 
times, where  there  are  cottages  in  both  parishes,  a 
curious  confusion  in  nomenclature  arises.  Thus, 
if  there  were  some  cottages  standing  close  toge- 
ther in  parishes  A  and  B,  those  in  parish  "  A  " 
would  be  called  "  B  "  end ;  while  those  in  "  B  " 
would  be  "A"  end.  I  have  known  this  cause 
a  mistake  in  publishing  banns  of  marriage. 

E.  G.  R. 

THE  PSALTER  OF  THE  BLESSED  VIRGIN  (2nd  S. 
ix.  470.)  —  I  have  so  much  respect  for  S.  Bona- 
ventura  and  his  writings,  that  I  should  feel  truly 
obliged  to  your  correspondent  F.  C.  H.  if  he 
could  produce  any  sufficient  and  conclusive  evi- 
dence in  support  of  his  assertion,  that  the  imita- 
tion of  the  Te  Deum  is  falsely  ascribed  to  that 
eminent  saint.  F.  C.  H.,  however,  is  wrong  in 
supposing  that  my  only  reliance  is  a  "professed 
examination"  of  the  authorities  cited  in  the  note 
on  Father  Butler's  Lives  of  the  Saints.  Mr.  King 
of  Dublin,  in  his  Psalter  of  the  B.  V.  Mary  illus- 
trated, does  not  merely  "profess"  to  have  ex- 
amined the  authorities  in  question.  He  gives 
them  m  extenso  (pp.  48 — 53.)  ;  and  I  think  any- 
one who  will  examine  them  must  at  once  perceive 
that,  so/ar  as  they  bear  upon  the  question  at  all, 


they  confirm,  rather  than  impugn^  the  genuineness 
of  the  "  Psalter,"  as  the  produce  of  S.  Bonaven- 
tura's  pen.  Mr.  King  himself,  with  the  "autho- 
rities" under  his  readers'  eyes,  writes,  "When  we 
inquire  on  what  authority  the  note  in  the  Lives  of 
the  Saints  asserts  the  Psalter  of  Bonaventure  to 
be  spurious,  we  find  ourselves  referred  to  four 
testimonies,  viz.  those  of  Fabricius,  Bellarmine, 
Labbe,  and  Natalis  Alexander.  No  one  of  these 
four  expresses  the  least  doubt  relative  to  the  genu- 
ineness of  the  Psalter  of  the  Blessed  Virgin." 
(p.  79.)  VEDETTE. 

MRS.  DUGALD  STEWART  (2nd  S.  ix.  386.)  —This 
lady,  Helen  D'Arcy  (not  Jane  Anne}  Cranstoun, 
was  the  third  daughter  of  the  Honourable  George 
Cranstoun,  youngest  son  of  William,  fifth  Lord  of 
Cranstoun  (Douglas's  Peerage,  by  Wood,  i.  369.). 
She  was  born  in  the  year  ]  765  ;  married  Professor 
Dugald  Stewart  of  Catrine,  Ayrshire,  26th  of  July, 
1790,  and  died  at  Warriston  House,  near  Edin- 
burgh, 28th  of  July,  1838. 

In  the  Appendix  to  the  new  edition  of  John- 
son's Scotish  Musical  Museum,  vol.  iv.  p.  366.*, 
the  editor  (David  Laing)  prints  some  verses  be- 
ginning "  Returning  spring,  with  gladsome  ray*" 
which  he  says  "  I  have  reason  to  believe  were  also 
written  by  Mrs.  Stewart." 

F.  RIMBAULT. 


PASSAGE  IN  MENANDER  (2nd  S.  ix.  327.  395. 
410.)  —  Although  the  original  Greek  cannot  be 
given,  the  sentiment  is  clearly  Menander's,  for 
Terence  in  the  Andria,  founded  on  Menander's 
Andria  and  Perinthia  (iv.  i.  13.)  says  :  — 

.    .    .    "  Hie,  ubi  opus  est, 
Non  verentur  ;  illic,  ubi  nihil  opus  est,  ibi  verentur." 

"  They  have  no  shame  when  they  ought  to  have  it,  but 
when  they  ought  not  to  be  ashamed,  they  have  it." 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 

AN  ESSAY  OF  AFFLICTIONS  (2nd  S.  ix.  388. 
432.)  —  I  am  much  obliged  to  LORD  MONSON  for 
the  information  he  has  given  respecting  the  author 
of  this  rare  little  book  ;  but  wish  to  offer  a  Jew 
words  in  reply  to  his  Note.  I  cannot  immediately 
refer  to  a  copy  of  the  volume,  and  must  confess 
that  I  do  not  remember  the  monogram.  As, 
however,  it  is  some  months  since  I  saw  the  book, 
it  is  very  possible  that  I  did  notice  it  without 
being  able  to  make  it  out.  It  often  happens  that 
these  devices  are  plain  enough  to  those  who  have 
the  key  to  them,  but  are  scarcely  to  be  deciphered 
without  some  such  aid,  at  least  by  ordinary 
readers. 

I  believe  that  the  Bodleian  Library  has  re- 
cently acquired  a  copy  of  the  "  Essay  "  with  the 
"  Antidote  against  Error,"  in  one  volume. 

There  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  word  "  gar- 
rison" has  frequently  been  used  for  (what  we 


494 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  JUNE  23.  '60. 


should  now  call)  "  garrison  town,"  as  this  is  its 
original  signification.  But  if  this  were  its  mean- 
ing in  the  present  instance,  the  title  would  assert 
that  a  garrison  town  had  written  a  letter  "  to  his 
onely  Sonne."  I  understand  "  garrison  "  to  de- 
note what  we  should  now  express  by  some  such 
phrase  as  "  a  member  of  a  garrison."  And  I 
think  that  most  of  your  readers  who  will  take 
the  trouble  to  refer  to  my  transcript  of  the  title 
(p.  388.)  will  agree  with  me.  So  on  this  point 
my  Query  is  still  unanswered.  G.  M.  G. 

LAYSTALL  (2nd  S.  ix.  428.) — Many  years  ago  I 
used  to  hear  this  word  applied,  by  a  very  old 
gentleman  from  Cheshire,  to  a  heap  which  he  used 
to  contrive  for  keeping  worms.  He  was  a  great 
angler  ;  and  in  my  boyhood  I  have  helped  him  to 
make  a  Lay-stall,  by  placing  layers  of  straw  and 
cowdung  alternately  upon  each  other,  and  well 
watering  the  heap  when  completed.  In  such  a 
heap,  which  he  always  called  a  Lay-stall,  he  used 
to  keep  his  worms  for  angling,  but  especially 
brandlings,  which  he  most  prized.  F.  C.  H. 

BRITAIN  1116  B.C.  —  (2nd  S.  ix.  402.)  — The 
Chronicle  of  England  by  Capgrave  gives,  what  is 
common  in  most  ancient  histories,  a  fabulous 
origin,  which  may  nevertheless  contain  some  ele- 
ment of  truth.  Geoffrey  of  Monmouth,  at  the 
instigation  of  Walter  Mapes,  Archdeacon  of  Ox- 
ford, translated  the  Acts  of  the  British  Kings  out 
of  the  ancient  British  tongue,  which  makes  Brutus, 
son  of  Ascanius,  and  grandson  of  JEneas,  the  first 
sovereign  of  Britain  and  founder  of  London,  and 
enumerates  sixty-seven  kings  to  Cassibellaun,  the 
opponent  of  Cassar.  Amongst  these  sovereigns 
we  may  recognise  the  names :  6  Ebrauc  (York), 
9  Hudibras,  10  Bladud  (Bath),  11  Leir  (Shak- 
speare's  Lear),  12  Gonorilla,  23  Guithelin  (Wat- 
ling  Street?),  34  Margan  (the  sea),  40  Coillus 
(King  Cole),  66  Lud,  and  67  Cassibellaun,  who 
lived  B.C.  50.  But  as  the  exploits  of  Arthur, 
A.  D.  450,  are  still  extant  mainly  in  fable,  we  must 
not  expect  historical  certainty  at  a  period  five 
centuries  earlier,  unless  confirmed  by  Greek  or 
Latin  contemporary  authorities ;  still  less,  if  we 
travel  farther  backwards  to  eleven  centuries  be- 
fore Christ,  and  long  prior  to  written  history,  if 
we  except  the  early  part  of  the  Old  Testament, 
and  perhaps  a  few  authorities  to  whom  Josephus 
refers  at  the  beginning  of  his  Antiquities.  Al- 
though Geoffrey's  list  of  kings  may  be  fabulous, 
still  it  is  circumstantial,  and  the  number  of  the 
kings  corresponds  pretty  well  with  Newton's 
average  estimate  of  the  duration  of  a  reign.  It 
is,  prima  facie,  preferable  to  the  statement  of 
Capgrave,  who  simply  divides  this  island  into 
three  parts,  Loegria,  Albania,  and  Cambria,  and 
finds  etymological  sovereigns  for  them  in  Leo- 
grius,  Albanactus,  and  Camber,  as  he  finds  Brute 
for  Britain.  Nennius,  who  mentions  Brito,  the 


son  of  Silvius,  and  great-grandson  of  .ZEneas,  as 
ruling  in  Britain  in  the  time  of  Eli  the  priest  and 
judge  of  Israel,  makes  no  mention  of  any  of  the 
sixty-seven  of  his  successors,  which  Dr.  Giles 
considers,  excepting  Cassibellaun,  as  existing  only 
in  the  imagination  of  him  who  first  catalogued 
them.  (Hist,  of  Anc.  Brit.  i.  49.) 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 

COLDIIARBOUR  :  COAL  (2nd  S.  ix.  440.)  —  The 
first  of  these  words  appears  to  be  a  vegeto-mineral 
term.  Coal,  co-al,  co-aled,  in  its  participial  form, 
would  seem  to  be  an  Anglicised  corruption  of  a 
Latin  compound  signifying  concretion.  The  Lat. 
co-aZ-esco-,  co-al-es-,  deprived  of  its  inceptive 
suffix,  might  suggest  the  possibility  of  such  a  de- 
rivation, denoting  material  formation,  the  massing 
and  gradual  uniting  or  growing  together  of  coal, 
constituents.  The  above  etymology  may  not  be 
acceptable  to  C.  T.  and  the  other  numerous  cor- 
respondents who  have  with  varied  success  dis- 
cussed the  origin  of  these  words  in  your  pages  ; 
but  if  the  one  now  advanced  be  admissible,  then 
in  the  Anglo-Roman  name,  Coldharbour,  Coaled- 
arbor,  we  have  a  word  expressive  of  that  tran- 
sitionary  process  of  vegetable  deposits  trans- 
formed ;  in  other  words,  of  the  Coal-escent  stage, 
or  rather  concretion  of  carbonised  matter.  I  fear 
this  is  a  somewhat  strained  etymology,  but, 
quantum  valeat,  I  offer  it  for  C.  T.'s  consideration. 

F.  PHILLOTT. 

P.S. — Since  writing  the  above,  it  has  occurred 
to  me  that  "Coldharbour"  might  be,  after  all, 
only  a  familiar  corruption  of  the  French,  Le  Col 
d  Arbre,  query,  a  wooded  ravine  ;  or,  a  pass 
where  trees  grew.  The  article  dropped  would 
give  the  anglicised  designation,  Cold' arbor. 

"  Coal,"  in  the  cognate  languages  of  ST.  W.  Eu- 
rope, appears  as  kohle,  hole,  kaal,  kul,  col,  and  kol ; 
terms  which  sometimes  stand  for  coal  the  mineral, 
sometimes  for  anything  that  has  been  carbonised 
by  fire,  as  when  we  say  "  burnt  to  a  coal." 

In  Hebrew  we  have  kola,  to  roast,  and  gekhdtim, 
hot  coals.  These  words  in  the  subsequent  pro- 
nunciation of  Hebrew,  which  prevailed  at  an  early 
period,  became  kolo  and  gekholim  (the  a  long,  as 
in  father,  acquiring  the  sound  of  o).  From  one 
of  these,  probably  the  latter,  we  appear  to  have 
derived  our  English  coals.  Gekholim,  kohlen 
(Ger.),  coals.  VEDETTE. 

IRISH  CELEBRITIES  :  GARIBALDI,  ETC.  (2nd  S. 
ix.  424.)  —  The  name  Garibaldi  or  Gerbaldi  is 
derived  from  the  O.  H.  G.  name  Gerbold  or  Ga- 
ribald  (of  which  the  inverse  is  Bolger),  which 
would  either  translate  "  very  bold  "  or  "  bold  in 
war ;  "  from  the  O.  G.  ger,  war  (A.-S.  gar),  ger, 
valde,  desirous,  active ;  geren,  cupire,  studere,  ger, 
a  dart.  The  same  root  is  found  in  composition  of 
several  hundred  personal  names :  as  Garman,  Ger- 


S.  IX.  JUNE  23.  'GO.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


495 


man,  Jarman,  O.  G.  Kermunt,  Gsermunt,  and  the  in- 
verse Manger, Mangar,  Monger;  Gerbert  or  Chari- 
bertus;  O.  H.  G.  Gericho,  O.  G.  Gerrich  (synom. 
with  the  name  Cararicus,  a  ruler  of  the  Franks), 
whence  Gerrish,  and  the  Eng.  name  Garrick;  Ger- 
ken  ;  the  O.  G.  Gertraut,  "  very  beloved,"  whence 
Gertrude  ;  Gerhart,  Gerrard,  Girardin  ;  Girauld  ; 
Garot,  Garrett,  and  the  inverse,  Rudiger,  Hrothgar, 
or  Roger  (whence  Hodge,  Hodgkin),  Garbutt,  and 
the  inverse  Bodger ;  the  O.  H.  G.  Gerlind,  Eng. 
Garland;  perhaps,  as  an  inverse,  Linnegar;  Garra- 
way ;  Alger,  Aligar,  whence  Dante  Alghieri ;  Lu- 
degar,  Leodgar,  Lutiger  or  Ledger;  Otgar,  Eadgar 
or  Edgar;  Gerlach,  by  corruption  Garlick  ;  the 

0.  G.  Leofgar,  and  the  inverse  Gerlof.     Indeed 
MR.  GARSTIN  himself  may  derive  his  name  from 
the  same  root ;  for  we  have  the  name  Garstang, 

1.  e.  "  Garri's  stang  or  pool;"  although  Garstin 
might  also  be  from  Garristein. 

The  French  names  Pelissier,  Pellisier,  Peletier, 
Pelletier  are  from  the  Fr.pelissier,  pelletier,  a  fur- 
rier, one  who  sells  skins ;  from  pellis,  a  hide,  skin. 
In  like  manner  the  English  names  Pilcher  and 
Pillischer  mean  a  maker  of  pilches,  a  warm  kind 
of  upper  garment  (the  great  coat  of  the  fourteenth 
century)  from  A.-S.  pylche  (Fr.  pelisse'). 

JK.  S.  CHARNOCK. 

Gray's  Inn. 

"  VANT,"  DERIVATION  OF  (2nd  S.  ix.  426.)— MR. 
CHARNOCK  suggests  that  the  termination  vant  may 
be  derived  from  the  Danish  vand,  water,  and 
gives  as  an  instance  of  a  local  name  so  ending 
"  Bullevant  in  Ireland."  I  have  searched  in  vain 
for  any  place  so  called.  If,  however,  I  am  correct 
in  supposing  that  name  to  be  a  misprint  for  But- 
tevant,  a  garrison  town  in  the  co.  Cork,  the  com- 
mon etymology  assigned  to  it  will  not  support  his 
theory. 

This  town,  which  was  anciently  called  Bothon, 
is  said,  to  have  derived  its  present  name  from 
the  exclamation  Boutez  en  avant!  "Push  for- 
ward," used  by  David  de  Barry,  its  proprietor,  to 
animate  his  men  in  a  contest  with  the  M'Carthys. 
It  was  subsequently  adopted  as  the  family  motto 
of  the  Earls  of  Barrymore,  who  derived  their  title 
of  viscount  from  the  place,  which  was  in  their 
possession  till  sold  by  Richard  the  last  Lord  Barry- 
more.  JOHN  RIBTON  GARSTIN. 
Dublin. 

POPE  AND  HOGARTH  (2nd  S.  ix.  445.)  — 

"In  1731,  he  [Hogarth]  published  a  satirical  plate 
against  Pope,  founded  on  the  well-known  imputation 
against  him  of  his  having  satirised  the  Duke  of  Chandos 
under  the  name  of  Timon  in  his  poem  on  Taste.  The  plate 
represented  a  view  of  Burlington  House  with  Pope 
wfcitewashing.it,  and  bespattering  the  Duke  of  Chandos's 
coach.  Pope  made  no  retort,  and  has  never  mentioned 
Hogarth."-- Thackeray's  Lectures  on  the  English  Hu- 
morists, p.  233.,  note. 

R.  F.  SKETCHLEY. 


MARTHA  GUNN  (2nd  S.  ix.  403.)  —  The  follow- 
ing lines,  copied  from  the  tombstone  of  Martha 
Gunn,  in  the  churchyard  of  the  parish  church  of 
Brighton,  will  be  doubtless  acceptable  to  ET.  I.  A. 

"  In  Memory  of  Stephen  Gunn,  who  died  4th  of  Sep- 
tember, 1813,  aged  79  years. 

"  Also  Martha,  wife  of  Stephen  Gunn,  who  was  pecu- 
liarly distinguished  as  a  bather  in  this  town  nearly  70 
years.  She  died  2nd  of  May,  1815,  aged  88  years." 

Under  her  name  follow  those  of  her  children, 
Friend,  Elizabeth,  Martha,  and  Thomas.  The 
above  is  copied  verbatim,  and  may  be  seen  on  a 
tombstone  to  your  right  as  you  enter  the  1ST.E.  gate 
of  the  churchyard.  H.  J.  MATTHEWS. 

MUSWELL,  CLERKENWELL  (2nd  S.  ix.  199.)  — 
In  the  Repertories  to  the  Origin  alia,  6th  part,  31 
Hen.  VIII.  RotuL  xvj.,  we  find  the  following 
entry  :  — 

"  De  homagio  YVillielmi  Cowper  et  Cecilie  uxoris  ejus 
tenentium  unum  magnum  messuagium  sive  firmam  vo- 
catam  Mousewell  ferme  ac  Capellam  vocatam  Mouswell 
chapell  in  parochia  de  Clerkenwell  in  comitatu  Midd. 
necnon  advocacionem  etc.  ecclesie  sancti  Michaelis  in 
Wodestrete  London,  per  licenciam  Regis  inde  factam." 

ABRACADABRA. 

POOR  BELLE  (2nd  S.  ix.  364.)  —  In  reply  to  the 
REV.  MF.  GRAVES,  I  beg  to  say  that  the  Dublin 
Correspondent,  edited  by  the  late  Counsellor 
Townsend,  was  the  newspaper  from  which  I  made 
the  cutting  anent  "  Poor  Belle."  I  have  got  in 
my  possession  files  of  this  once  influential  journal 
from  1808  to  1821,  and  to  the  best  of  my  recol- 
lection the  extract  in  question  appeared  in  the  file 
for  1809.  I  sent  the  original  cutting  to  the  Edi- 
tor of  "N".  &  Q.,"  but  did  not  consider  it  of 
sufficient  importance  to  preserve  any  memorandum 
of  the  exact  date.  WILLIAM  J.  FITZ-PATRICK. 

KIPPEN  (2nd  S.  ix.  444.),  in  local  names,  is  said 
to  mean  a  "promontory."  It  is  probably  from 
the  Gaelic  ceap,  tip,  the  "  top,  as  of  a  hill "  — 
doubtless  from  caput.  In  Irish,  besides  several 
other  meanings,  it  has  that  of  "  head,"  a  "  piece  of 
ground,"  "  district,"  "limit,"  "  bounds  ;"  and  cea- 
pan  is  a  "stump,"  a  "small  block."  Carlisle 
(Topog.)  says,  dp,  kip,  in  Irish  local  names  de- 
notes "  a  file  of  armed  men  " !  There  is  the 
parish  of  Kippen,  co.  Stirling ;  Kippendavie,  co. 
Perth ;  and  Kippure  is  the  name  of  a  mountain, 
co.  Leinster,  Ireland.  There  are  several  local 
names  compounded  of  kip  and  kippet  in  Scotland. 
There  is  also  Kippenheim,  a  market  town  in 
Baden  ;  but  this,  of  course,  is  doubtful. 

R.  S.  CHARNOCK. 

EYELIN  (2nd  S.  ix.  426.)— A  travelled  friend 
informs  me  that  the  picture  by  Lessing  referred 
to,  is  in  the  Stadel  Museum  at  Frankfort.  It  re- 
presents the  tyrant  Ezzelin  of  Ferrara  in  prison, 
visited  by  two  monks.  For  Ezzelin,  Byron  will 
afford  plenty  of  information.  E.  K. 


496 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  JUNE  23.  '60. 


PBESTON  REBELS  (2nd  S.  ix.  404.)  —  There  was 
printed  a  very  particular  list  of  tlie  rebels  in  a 
contemporary  broadside  in.  my  collection.  The 
following  is  the  title  :  — 

"  The  Names  of  the  Prisoners  try'd  at  Liverpool  from 
the  20th  of  January  last  to  the  4th  of  February  following, 
are  plac'd  in  the  following  List  in  the  same  order  as  they 
were  try'd :  all  the  Scots  are  said  to  be  of  Presto wn,  be- 
cause the  certain  places  of  their  abode  in  their  own  country 
were  not  known.  Those  with  the  mark  (*)  to  them  were 
found  guilty;  those  marked  thus  (f)  pleaded  guilty;  and 
those  with  no  marks  Avere  acquitted." 

No  date  or  place. 

The  place  of  execution  is  marked  opposite  to 
each  name  —  many  at  Manchester,  and  more  at 
Wigan,  most  at  Preston.  J.  M. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS. 


In 


The   Miscellaneous    Writings  of  Lord  Mqcaulay. 
TWO  Volumes.      With  a  Portrait.     (Longman.) 

We  have  in  these  volumes  the  completion  of  the  Works 
of  one  who  has  gained  for  himself  the  highest  reputation 
as  Poet,  Essayist,  and  Historian :  and  in  this  collection 
of  the  Miscellaneous  Writings  of  Lord  Macaulay  will  be 
found  specimens  of  his  skill  in  each  of  the  great  branches 
of  composition  to  which  he  devoted  himself.  Written  at 
different  periods  of  his  life,  and  varied  alike  in  matter 
and  in  form,  the  various  compositions  here  reprinted 
serve  to  exhibit  the  noble  writer's  characteristics,  —  his 
glowing  fancj',  his  varied  and  thorough  scholarship,  and 
his  rich  yet  classic  style. 

The  collection  opens  with  what  maj'  be  called  the 
firstlings  of  his  muse,  the  papers  contributed  by  him  to 
Knight's  Quarterly  Magazine  during  his  residence  at  col- 
lege, comprising  not  only  able  criticisms  on  Dante,  Pe- 
trarch, the  Athenian  Orators,  and  Mitford's  Greece,  but 
two  pieces  of  imagination  —  "  Fragments  of  a  Roman 
Tale,"  and  "  A  Scene  from  the  Athenian  Revels,"  which 
will  be  read  with  great  delight ;  and  an  "  Imaginary 
Conversation  between  Cowley  and  Milton  touching  the 
Great  Civil  War,"  of  which  we  are  told  that  Lord  Ma- 
caulay "  spoke  many  years  after  its  publication  as  that 
one  of  his  works  which  he  remembered  with  most  satis- 
faction." These  are  followed  by  contributions  to  the 
Edinburgh  Review,  foremost  among  which  are  the  papers 
on  John  Dryden  and  on  History,  and  that  matchless 
specimen  of  vituperative  criticism',  the  article  on  Barere. 
The  five  admirable  specimens  of  Biography  contributed 
to  the.  Encyclopaedia  Britannica,  Atterbu^,  Bunyan, 
Goldsmith,  Johnson,  and  Pitt,  come  next ;  and  the  work 
concludes  with  the  Miscellaneous  Poems  and  Inscriptions, 
among  which  will  be  found  "  The  Battle  of  Naseby," 
which  we  have  been  so  often  requested  to  republish"in 
these  columns.  Such  are  the  contents  of  these  volumes, 
the  appearance  of  which  will  be  received  with  the  highest 
satisfaction  by  all  the  admirers  of  the  no  less  gifted  than 
kind-hearted  writer,  and  who  have  from  the  moment  of 
his  lamented  death  looked  forward  anxiously  for  such  a 
republication.  Lord  Macaulay's  works  form  his  fittest 
monument  —  and  if,  of  these  it  may  be  said  the  Essays 
are  the  solid  Base,  and  the  History  the  polished  Column, 
these  Miscellanies  may  well  be  'designated  the  highly 
decorated  Capital.  One  word  as  to  the  Portrait;— it  is 
strikingly  like,  and  satisfactory  in  the  highest  degree. 


On  some  Deficiencies  in  our  English  Dictionaries.  By 
Richard  Chenevix  Trench,  D.D.,  Dean  of  Westminster. 
Second  Edition,  revised  and  enlarged.  To  which  is  added, 
a  Letter  to  the  Author  from  Herbert  Coleridge,  Esq.,  on 
the  Progress  and  Prospects  of  the  Society's  New  English 
Dictionary.  (J.  W.  Parker  &  Son.) 

In  the  confidence  that  this  admirable  Essay  will  be 
read  by  all  interested  in  the  subject,  we  shall  content 
ourselves  with  drawing  attention  to  this  enlarged  and 
improved  edition  of  it,  and  with  announcing  the  fact 
that  no  less  than  fifty  efficient  contributors  are  engaged 
in  the  preparatory  work  for  the  Dew  dictionary. 

Curiosities  of  Science.  Second  Series.  A  Book  for  Old 
and  Young.  By  John  Timbs,  F.S.A.  (Rent  &  Co.) 

This  volume,  which  is  in  the  main  devoted  to  che- 
mistry and  its  professors,  forms  the  sixth  and  concluding 
one  of  the  Series  Of  Things  not  Generally  Known,  and  is 
marked  by  all  the  tact,  care,  and  usefulness  which  cha- 
racterise all  Mr.  Timbs's  books. 

The  Sand  Hills  of  Jutland.  By  Hans  Christian  An- 
dersen. (Ben  tie}'.) 

Hans  Christian  Andersen  is  one  of  the  most  original 
of  modern  writers,  and  one  of  the  most  fortunate  of  the 
day,  for  he  has  escaped  imitators.  The  nineteen  tales 
found  in  the  present  volume  exhibit  all  the  quaint  poetic 
fancy  of  his  Danish  Fairy  Tales;  and  while  the  rich 
humour  of  the  writer  is  undiminished,  his  deep  feeling  of 
reverence  appears  more  frequently. 

Ovingdean  Grange :  A  Tale  of  the  South  Downs.  By 
William  Harrison  Ainsworth.  Illustrated  by  Hablot  K. 
Browne.  (Routledge.) 

The  admirers  of  this  new  offspring  of  Mr.  Ainsworth's 
genius  for  historical  fiction  will  be  pleased  to  have  in 
a  collected  form  a  story  which  has  for  months  formed 
the  great  attraction  of  Bentley's  Miscellany.  It  is  quite 
equal  in  interest  to  any  of  Mr.  Ainsworth's  works. 

Chapters  on  Wives.     By  Mrs.  Ellis.     (Bentley.) 
Five  stories  developing  the  character  of  woman  in  her 
married  life,  written  in  the  tone  and  spirit  which  have 
made  the  writings  of  Mrs.  Ellis  so  popular  with  her  own 

sex. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Book  to  be  sent  to  the  ad- 
dress given  below  : 

BAROSAGICM  GENBALOCICUM,  or  the  Pedigrees  of  the  English  Peers,  &e. 
continued  by  Joseph  Edmondson,  Esq.  5  Vols.  foljo.  1764.  Also 
Supplemental  Vol.  1784. 

Wanted  by  Mrs.  Bishop,  3.  Bennett's  Hill,  Doctors'  Commons, 
London,  E.C. 


H.  M.  (Holmfirth.1  We  have  no  recollection  of  receiving  such  a  Query. 
Will  our  correspondent  repeat  it? 

A.  Z.  The  portion  of  a  masque  in  the  Harl.  MS.  541.,  is  in  the  hand- 
writing of  Peter  Beales,  the.  writing  master.  It  i*  a  Dialogue  between  a 
Squire,  Proteus,  Amphitrite,  and  Thamesis,  iwitten  for  the  entertain- 
ment of  Queen  Elizabeth. 

DIDO.  See  "  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  viii.  413.  for  the  origin  of  thejthrase  "  To 
get  into  the  wrong  box." 

ERRATA.— 2nd  S.  ix.  p.  403.  col.  ii.  1.46.  for  "  grace  "  read  "  pace ;" 
.ii.l.  I     " 


2nd  S.  ix.  p.  462.  col. 


18.  from  bottom,  for  "Bury  "  read  "  Bray." 


"NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  /or 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  lls.  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  0/Kce  Order  in 
favour  of  MESSRS.  BELL  AND  DALDY  ,186.  FLEET  STREET,  E.G.;  to  ivhom 
aK  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR  THB  EDITOR  thould  be  addressed. 


2nd  S.  IX.  JUNE  23.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


UNITED   KINGDOM 

LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  S.W. 

The  Hon.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 

CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  Esq.,  Deputy  Chairman. 

FOURTH  DIVISION  OF  PROFITS. 

SPECIAL  ^TICE— Parties  desirous  of  participating  in  the  fourth 
division  of  pvortts  to  be  declared  on  all  policies  effected  prior  to  the  31st 
December  next  year,  should,  in  order  to  enjoy  the  same,  make  imme- 
diate application.  There  have  already  been  three  divisions  of  profits, 
am!  the  bonuses  divided  have  averaged  nearly  2  per  cent,  per  annum  on 
the  sums  assured,  or  from  30  to  100  per  cent,  on  the  premiums  piid, 
•without  imparting  to  the  recipients  the  risk  of  copartnership,  as  is  the 
case  in  mutual  societies. 

To  show  more  clearly  what  these  bonuses  amount  to,  three  following 
cases  are  put  forth  as  examples 

Sum  Insured.        Bonuses  added.        Amount  payable  up  to  Dec.,  1854. 
£5,000  £1,987  10s.  s86,987  10s. 

1,000  397  10s.  1,397  10s. 

100  39  15s.  139  15s. 

Notwithstanding  these  large  additions,  the  premiums  are  on  the 
lowest  scale  compatible  with  security  for  the  payment  of  the  policy  when 
death  arises;  in  addition  to  which  advantages,  one  half  of  the  annual 
premiums  may,  if  desired,  for  the  term  of  five  years,  remain  unpaid  at 
5  per  cent,  interest,  the  other  half  being  advanced  by  the  company  with- 
out security  or  deposit  of  the  policy. 

The  Assets  of  the  Company  at  the  31st  December,  1858,  amounted 
to  £652,618  3s.  10e?.,  all  of  which  has  been  invested  in  Government  and 
other  approved  securities. 

No  charge  for  Volunteer  Military  Corps  whilst  serving  in  the  United 
Kingdom. 

Policy  Stamps  paid  by  the  Office. 

Immediate  application  should  be  made  to  the  Resident  Director,  8. 
Waterloo  Place,  Pall  Mail—By  order, 

P.  MACINTYRE,  Secretary. 

WESTERN    LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 
ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON, S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1849. 


?.E.  Bicknell.Esq. 
.  S.  Cocks,  Esq. 
G.  H.Drew, Esq. M.A. 
W.  Freeman,  Esq. 
F.  Fuller, Esq. 
J.  H.  Gopdhait,  Eag. 


Directors. 


E.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Marson,Esq. 
A.  Robinson,  Esq. 
J.L.Seager,  Esq. 
J.B. White, Esq. 


Physician.  —  W.  R.  Uasham,  M.D. 

Bankers.  —  Messrs.  Cocks,  Biddulph.andCo. 

Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M. A. 

VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 

POLICIES  effected  in  this  Office  do  not  become  void  through  tem- 
porary difficulty  in  paying  a  Premium,  as  permission  is  given  upon 
application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  interest,  according  to  the  con- 
ditions detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

LOANS  from  100Z.  to  500Z.  granted  on  real  or  first-rate  Personal 
Security. 

Attention  is  also  invited  to  the  rates  of  annujty  granted  to  old  lives, 
for  which  ample  security  is  provided  by  the  capital  of  the  Society. 
Example :  100Z.  cash  paid  down  purchases— An  annuity  of — 
S,  s.  d. 
10   4    o  to  a  male  life  aged  60) 

65 1  Payable  as  long 


12    3    1 
14  16    3 

18  11  10 


70  (    as  lie  is  alive. 
7SJ 


Now  ready,  10th  Edition,  price  7s.  6d.,  of 

MR.     SCRATCHLEY'S     MANUAL,     on 

FRIENDLY  SOCIETIES,  with  RULES,  TABLES,  and  an  EXPO- 
SITION of  the  TRUE  LAW  OF  SICKNESS. 

SHAW  &  SONS,  Fetter  Lane  ;  and  LAYTONS,  150.  Fleet  Street,  E.G. 


&.  COZENS 

Is   the   CHEAPEST     HOUSE    in    the    Trade   for 

PAPER  and  ENVELOPES,  &c.    Useful  Cream-laid  Note.  5  Quires 
6d.  Super  Thick  ditto,  5  Quires  for  Is.    Super  Crearn-laid  Enve- 


lopes, 6c/.  per  100.  Sermon  Paper,  4s.,  Straw  Paper,  2s.  6d..  Foolscap, 
to.  M.  per  Ream.  Manuscript  Paper,  3d.  per  Quire.  India  Note,  5 
Quires  for  Is.  Black  bordered  Note,  5  Quires  for  Is.  Copy  Books 
(copies  set),  Is.  Bd.  per  dozen.  P.  &  C.'s  Law  Pen  (as  flexible  as  the 
Quill ),  2*.  per  gross. 

No  Ctian/e  for  Stamping  Arms,  Crests,  ffc.  from  own  Dies. 

Catalogue*  Post  Free;  Orders  over  20s.  Carriage  paid. 

Copy  Address,  PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS, 
Manufacturing  Stationers :  1.  Chancery  Lane,  and  192.  Fleet  St.  E.G. 


Entertainment    and    Science    combined 
the  Drawing-room. 


for 


GORHAM'S 
KALEIDOSCOPIC     COLOUR-TOP. 

Price  21s.  and  25s. 

SMITH.  BECK,  &  BECK,  6.  Coleman  Street,  E.G. ;  ELLIOTT, 
BROTHERS,  30.  Strand,  W.C.  ;  NEWTON  &  CO.,  3.  Fleet  Street, 
Temple  Bar,  E.C. 

ACHROMATIC  MICROSCOPES.  —  SMITH, 
BECK  &  BECK.  MANUFACTURING  OPTICIANS,  6.  Cole- 
man Street,  London,  E.C.  have  received  the  COUNCIL  MEDAL  of 
the  GREAT  EXHIBITION  of  1851,  and  the  FIRST-CLASS  PRIZE 
MEDAL  of  the  PARIS  EXHIBITION  of  1855,  "For  the  excellence 
of  their  Microscopes." 

An   Illustrated  Pamphlet  of  the  102.  EDUCATIONAL  MICRO- 
SCOPE, sent  by  Post  on  receipt  of  Six  Postage  Stamps. 
A  GENERAL  CATALOGUE  may  be  had  on  application. 


npHE  AQUARIUM.— LLOYD'S  DESCRIPTIVE 

I  and  ILLUSTRATED  LIST  of  whatever  relates  to  the  AQUA- 
RIUM, is  now  ready,  price  1*.;  or  by  Post  for  Fourteen  Stamps.  128 
Pages,  and  87  Woodcuts. 

W.ALFORD  LLOYD,  19, 20,  and  20  A.  Portland  Road,  Regent 'a 
Park. London,  W. 


PATENT    STARCH, 

USED  IX  THE  ROYAL  LAUNDRY, 

AND  PRONOUNCED  BY  HER  MAJESTY'S  LAUNDRESS,  TO  BE 
THE  FINEST  STARCH  SHE  EVER  USED. 

Sold  by  all  Cnandlers,  Grocers,  &c.  &c. 
WOTHERSPOON  Si  CO.,  GLASGOW  &  LONDON. 

BROWN  &  POLSON'S 

PATENT   CORN   FLOUR. 

The  Lancet  States, 

"  THIS  is  SUPERIOR  TO  ANYTHING  op  THE  KIND  KNOWN." 

The  most  wholesome  part  of  the  best  Indian  Corn,  prepared  by  a  pro- 
cess Patented  for  the  Three  Kingdoms  and  France,  and  wherever  it 
becomes  known  obtains  great  favour  for  Puddings,  Custards,  Blanc- 
mange s  all  the  uses  of  the  finest  arrow  root,  and  especially  suited  to 
the  delicacy  of  Children  and  Invalids  :  - 

BROWN  &  POLSON, 

Manufacturers  to  Her  Majesty  the  Queen  : 

PAISLEY,  MANCHESTER,  DUBLIN,  and  LONDON. 

VIKTO  VERBZUTH. 

A  delicious   Tonic  Wine,  finest  imported. 
In  Original  Bottles  and  Cases  -  26s.  per  dozen. 

Good  Dinner  Claret  ------    20s.       „ 

„         Sherry  ------    26.?.       „ 

Excellent  Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne     -    32s.       „ 

JAMES  L.  DENMAN, 

65.  FENCIIURCH  STREET,  E.C. 
N.B.  Detailed  Price  Lists  of  Wines,  Spirits,  and  Liqueurs  Post  Free. 


TTANDSOME  BRASS  and  IRON  BEDSTEADS. 

HEAL  &  SON'S  Show  Rooms  contain  a  large  Assortment  of  Brass 
Bedsteads,  suitable  both  for  Home  Use  and  for  Tropical  Climates; 
handsome  Iron  Bedsteads  with  Brass  Mountings  and  elegantly  Japan- 
ned; Plain  Iron  Bedsteads  for  Servants  ;  every  description  of  Wood 
Bedstead  that  is  manufactured,  in  Mahogany,  Birch.  Walnut  Tree 
Woods,  Polished  Deal  and  Japanned,  all  fitted  with  Bedding  and  Fur- 
nitures complete,  as  well  as  every  description  of  Bedroom  Furniture. 

TTEAL    &    SON'S    ILLUSTRATED    CATA- 

L  LOGUE,  containing  Designs  and  Prices  of  100  BEDSTEADS,  as 
weft  as  of  150  'different  ARTICLES  of  BED-ROOM  FURNITURE, 
SBNT  FREE  BY  POST. 

HEAL  &  SON,  Bedstead,  Bedding,  and  Bed-room  Furniture 
Manufacturers,  196.  Tottenham-court  Road,  W. 


(now  r  moved  to  140.  Strand,  W.C.\  of  the  best  make  and  at  the  lowest 
cash  prices.  No  agents  are  appointed  in  London  for  the  Sale  ot  the 
Company's  Ice  or  Refrigerators.  Pure  spring-water  Ice,  in  blocks,  de- 
livered to  most  parts  of  Town  daily,  and  Packages  of  Us.  t>d.,  5s.  9s.,  and 
upwards,  forwarded  any  distance  into  the  Country  by  Goods'  Tram, 
without  perceptible  waste.  Wine-coolers,  Ice-cream  Machines,  Ice- 
planes  for  Sherry-cobblers,  Freezers,  Moulds,  &c.  Detailed  printed 
particulars  may  be  had,  by  Post,  on  application  to  the  Wenham  Lake 
Ice  Company,  140.  Strand,  London,  W.C. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2^  S.  IX.  JUNE  23.  '60. 


LIST    OF    NEW    WORKS. 


T  ORD  MACAULAY'S  MISCELLA- 

J-J  NEOUS  WRITINGS.  With  PORTRAIT  from  Pho- 
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ii. 

THELAKEREGIONSof  CENTRAL 

JL     AFRICA.    By  Captain  RICHARD  F.  BURTON. 

Map,  Woodcuts,  Chromo-xylographs. 

2  vols.  8vo.  Sis.  Gd. 
in. 

TWO  MONTHS  in  the  HIGHLANDS, 

-L  ORCADIA,  and  SKYE.  By  CHARLES  R.  WELD. 
Illustrations  in  Chromo-lithography,  from  Drawings  by 
GEORGE  BARNARD Post  Svo.just  ready. 


QUMMER  HOME  among  the  MOUN- 

P  TAINS ;  or,  the  Eagle's  Nest  in  the  Valley  of  Sixt, 
Savoy.  By  ALFRED  WILLS.  With  12  Illustrations 
on  Stone,  from  Sketches  and  Photographs  by  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Wills;  and  a  Map Post  Svo.just  ready. 


PEAKS,  PASSES,  and  GLACIERS. 

J-  By  MEMBERS  of  the  ALPINE  CLUB.  Edited  by 
J.  BALL,  M.R.I.A.  President.  Travellers'  Edition ;  Maps. 

16mo.  5s.  Gd. 

VI. 

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QEVEN  YEARS'  RESIDENCE  in 

V    the  GREAT  DESERTS   OF  NORTH  AMERICA. 


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xylographic  Illustrations  ....... 


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TTISTORY  of  FRANCE.    By  EYRE 

•"•    EVANS  CROWE.    VOL.  II 8 vo.  price  15s. 

XI. 

fjOLONEL    METRE'S    CRITICAL 

V    HISTORY  of  the  LANGUAGE  and  LITERATURE 
of  ANCIENT  GREECE.    New  Edition  of  VOL.  IV. 

8vo.  15s. 

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CONCLUDING  PART.  —  BRIOHTHELMSTONE  IN  1651. 
A  Few  Failures.    (Outremanche  Correspondence.    No.  VI.) 
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Rivers,  and  their  Associations. 

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Poetry. 

Judicial  Puzzles  _  The  Campden  Wonder. 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


497 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JUNE  30.  18GO. 


N°.  235.— CONTENTS. 

NOTES :  —  James  I.  and  the  Recusants,  497  —  Lord  Broug- 
ham, David  Hume,  and  Philarete  Chasles,  499— "Virtue 
is  its  own  Reward,"  Ib.  —  h.  Note  on  Bugs,"  500. 

MINOR  NOTES  :  — Remarkable  Longevity  — A  Novel  Wea- 
ther Indicator  —  Lord  Olive  and  Warren  Hastings  — The 
Lion  and  Unicorn  — Old  Finger-post  Rhyme,  500. 

QUERIES:  —Latin,  Greek,  and  German  Metres  — Dr.  B— 
and  Luther's  Story  — "La  Schola  de  Sclavoni"  — The 
Want  —  Martello  Towers  —  Family  of  Havard  —  Bam- 
fius:  Bladwell  — Alban  Butler  — Mary  Wiltshire,  a  De- 
scendant of  the  Stuarts —  Camoens  —  Quotations  Wanted 

—  Scotch  Genealogies  —  Hon.  Capt.  Edward  Carr  —  Prices 
of  Llanffwyst  —  "  Busy-less  "  —  Howell,  James  —  Thomas 
Gyll,  Esq.  —Who  is  the  Brigand  P  —  Legislature  —  Value 
of  Money  —  The  late  Lord  Denman,  801. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS :  —  " The  Spanish  Pilgrim"  — 
Augustine  Briggs,  or  Bridgs  —  Glastonbury  Thorn  —  "  Ne 
gry  quidem,"  503. 

REPLIES :  —Alleged  Interpolations  in  the  "Te  Deuro,"504 

—  On  Sepulchral  Effigies  at  Kirkby  Belers  and  Ashby  Fol- 
ville,  Co.  Leicester,  507  — Leonard  Mac  Nally,  508— He- 
raldic Engraving,  Ib.  —  Burning  of  the  Jesuitical  Books, 
509  —  Garibaldi,  an    Irish   Celebrity,  Ib.  —  Dr.    Parr  — 
Stolen  Brass  — General  Breezo  —  Library  discovered  at 
Willscott,  Co.  Oxford  — "His  People's  Good,"  &c.  —  The 
Oiley    Hero  —  Les   Chauffeurs  —  Peter  Basset  —  Witty 
Renderings— St.  Madryn  —  Burial  in  a  Sitting  Posture 

—  Mors  Mortis  Morti  —  Fanshaw's  "II  Pastor  Fido"  — 
Westminster  Hall  —  "  Nouveau  Testament  par  les  Theo- 
logiens  de  Louvain  "  —  Rev.  George  Oliver,  D.D. —  Tyburn 
Gallows  —  Vestigia    null  a    Retrorsum  —  Huntercombe 
House  —  Law  of  Scotland  —  Four-bladed  Clover— Title  of 
the  Cross  — Exeter  Domesday,  &c.,  509.  . 


JAMES  I.  AND  THE  RECUSANTS. 
(Continued  from  321.) 

At  the  close  of  the  year  1603,  James  was  con- 
ducting a  negotiation  through  the  Nuncio  at 
Paris,  by  which  he  hoped  to  obtain  security 
against  conspiracy,  by  agreeing  to  grant  some 
amount  of  toleration  to  the  Roman  Catholics. 

Matters  had  reached  this  stage  when  an  event 
occurred  which  put  an  end  to  this  attempt  at 
conciliation.  In  the  course  of  the  preceding 
summer  Sir  Anthony  Standen  had  been  sent  by 
James  on  a  mission  to  some  of  the  Italian  States. 
His  selection  for  this  comparatively  unimportant 
service  appears  to  have  turned  his  head.  He  was 
himself  a  Roman  Catholicj  and  was  eager  to  dis- 
tinguish himself  by  taking  a  part  in  carrying  out 
the  grand  scheme  of  reconciling  England  to  the 
Papal  See.  He  gave  out  openly  as  he  passed 
through  France  that  his  embassy  was  one  of  an 
important  character.  Upon  his  arrival  in  Italy 
he  entered  into  close  communications  with  Par- 
sons, the  well-known  Jesuit,  and  wrote  to  Car- 
dinal Aldobrandini,  giving  him  information  of  the 
proceedings  of  the  English  government,  and  com- 
menting on  them  at  his  pleasure.  The  Pope,  who 
imagined  that  the  Queen  of  England  was  inclined 
to  change  her  creed,  not  only  made  use  of  Standen 
to  enter  into  a  clandestine  correspondence  with 


her,  but  actually  sent  presents  for  her  to  the 
Nuncio  at  Paris,  who  was  directed  to  deliver  them 
to  Standen  as  he  passed  through  that  city  on  his 
return.  But,  unluckily  for  the  contrivers  of  this 
scheme,  by  which  they  hoped  to  enter  England 
by  a  back  door,  Standen  was  not  a  man  to  keep 
a  secret.  He  had  hardly  set  foot  in  England 
when  his  whole  scheme  was  known,  and  he  was 
himself  sent  to  the  Tower.  James,  who  was  al- 
ways extremely  jealous  of  its  being  supposed  that 
he  was  under  his  wife's  influence,  was,  naturally 
enough,  enraged.  Even  a  less  impulsive  man 
would  have  seen  that  those  who  made  no  scruple 
of  tampering  with  a  wife,  would  be  utterly  un- 
trustworthy if  ever  an  opportunity  offered  of  suc- 
cessfully tampering  with  his  subjects.  He  at 
once  ordered  the  presents  to  be  returned,  and  the 
negotiation  to  be  broken  off. 

Cecil's  letter  in  which  Parry  was  informed  that 
orders  had  been  given  to  return  the  Pope's  pre- 
sents is  dated  Feb.  14th,  1604.*  On  the  22nd  of 
the  same  month  the  proclamation  was  issued  by 
which  all  priests  were  ordered  to  quit  the  realm. 
It  is  impossible  not  to  connect  these  two  facts 
together. 

On  the  19th  March,  James  laid  down  in  his 
speech  at  the  opening  of  Parliament  the  principles 
on  which  he  then  intended  to  act.  The  clergy  he 
would  not  suffer  to  remain  in  his  kingdom  as  long 
as  they  maintained  the  Pope's  claim  to  dethrone 
kings.  He  had  no  wish  to  persecute  the  laity,  if 
they  would  only  refrain  from  sedition.  They 
must,  however,  cease  to  attempt  to  make  prose- 
lytes, for  he  would  never  allow  them  again  to 
erect  their  religion  in  England. 

It  is  plain  that  the  feelings  which  prompted 
this  last  declaration  would,  sooner  or  later,  draw 
James  back  again  into  persecution.  For  the  pre- 
sent, however,  he  contented  himself  with  stating 
that  he  intended  to  propose  to  Parliament  some 
measures  for  clearing  the  recusancy  laws  "  by 
Reason  (which  is  the  soul  of  the  law)  in  case  they 
have  been  in  times  past  farther  or  more  vigor- 
ously extended  by  Judges  than  the  meaning  of 
the  law  was,  or  might  tend  to  the  hurt  as  well  of 
the  innocent  as  of  guilty  persons." 

It  was  under  these  circumstances  that  the  Gun- 
powder Plotters  formed  their  conspiracy.  A  plot 
had  been  discovered  in  which  priests  were  deeply 
concerned ;  it  was  known  that  other  priests  had 
been  engaged  in  another,  the  particulars  of  which 
were  unknown.  An  attempt  to  enter  into  an  ar- 
rangement with  the  Pope  had  been  made  by 
James,  who  in  this  question  probably  stood  almost 
alone  amidst  his  advisers,  and  that  attempt  had 
failed.  Upon  this  he  took  the  step  of  banishing 
the  priests.  It  was,  no  doubt,  a  mistaken  step, 
but  it  is  impossible  to  say  that  it  was  unprovoked. 


French  Correspondence,  S.  P.  O. 


498 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  JUNE  30.  '60, 


Immediately  after  the  proclamation  for  banishing 
them  had  been  issued,  "  at  the  beginning  of 
Lent"  *  (Ash  Wednesday  falling  in  1604  on  the 
21st  Feb.),  T.  Winter  was  summoned  to  London 
by  Catesby,  and  was  there  informed  of  the  plot 
as  being  actually  in  existence.  At  that  time  the 
Parliament  which  he  proposed  to  destroy  had  not 
even  met. 

The  history  of  the  conspiracy  itself  is  too  ac- 
curately given  by  Mr.  Jardine  to  need  repeti- 
tion. The  history  of  the  gradual  change  of  the 
king's  intentions  is  less  fully  known. 

On  the  17th  May  f,  he  expressed  his  belief 
that  the  Papists  were  increasing,  and  "  wished 
the  Lords  and  Commons  to  think  of  laws  to  hem 
them  in."  James  had  wished  for  a  condition  of 
things  in  which  there  should  be  no  persecution, 
and  no  proselytism.  He  had  forgotten  that  the 
whole  of  that  class  of  persons  whose  consciences 
would  draw  them  into  recusancy  as  soon  as  the 
fines  ceased  to  drive  them  to  church,  would  never 
be  seen  at  church  again  until  the  fines  were  re- 
imposed.  As  might  be  expected,  the  number  of 
the  recusants  was  on  the  increase.!  The  Roman 
Catholics  themselves,  about  this  time,  boasted 
that  their  numbers  had  been  augmented  by  ten 
thousand  converts.§  This  estimate  had  the  effect 
of  inspiring  confidence  in  the  hearts'  of  the  mal- 
contents. One  priest  is  reported  to  have  been 
talking  of  another  Catholic  insurrection,  and  of 
seizing  the  city  of  Chester.  ||  The  report  of  this 
conversation  was,  no  doubt,  made  a  few  days 
subsequently  to  James's  declaration,  but  the  in- 
crease of  the  numbers,  which  excited  the  Roman 
Catholics,  must  have  been  equally  well-known  to 
the  government. 

On  the  4th  of  June  a  bill  for  the  due  execution 
of  statutes  against  Jesuits,  &c.  [1  Jac.  I.  c.  4.] 
was  brought  into  the  House  of  Lords.  It  re- 
ceived several  amendments  in  the  Lower  House, 
so  that  it  is  impossible  to  say  what  was  its 
original  form,  in  which  it  probably  represented 
the  mind  of  the  king  at  this  period. 

In  the  beginning  of  July  an  opportunity  was 
offered  to  James  of  retracing  his  steps,  and  of 
renewing  his  schemes  of  toleration  under  better 
auspices  than  when  he  had  sougnt  to  carry  them 
into  effect  by  means  of  a  negotiation  with  the  Pope. 

A  petition  was  presented  to  him  in  the  name 
of  the  Catholic  laity,  in  which  the  following  sen- 
tences occurred  ^[ :  — 

*  Confession  of  T.  Winter,  Nov.  23rd,  Gunpowder- 
Plot  Book,  S.  P.  0. 

t  Commons'  Journal,  May  18, 1604. 

J  From  Jan.  to  August,  1604,  the  number  in  the  dio- 
cese of  Chester  increased  from  2,400  to  3,433.  "  State  of 
the  Diocese  of  Chester,"  S.  P.  O-,  Domestic,  ix.  28. 

§  Account  of  a  Conversation,  &c.,  May  18,  1604.  S.  P. 
0.,  Domestic,  viii.  30. 

||  Examination  of  Hacking,  May  20th,  1604.  S.  P.  O., 
Domestic,  viij.  34. 

^[  Petition  Apologetical,  p.  34.  • 


"And  that  it  may  be  more  apparent  to  the  world  that 
this  our  lowly  Christian  desire,  and  humble  demand,  shall 
not  in  any  wayes  be  prejudicial!  to  your  Majesties  Royall 
person  or  estate,  we  offer  to  answere  person  for  person,  and 
life  for  life,  for  every  such  Priest  as  we  shall  make  elec- 
tion of,  and  be  permitted  to  have  in  our  severall  houses ; 
for  their  fidelity  to  your  Majesty  and  to  the  State,  by 
which  meanes  your  Majesty  may'be  assured  both  of  our 
number,  and  carriage  of  all  such  Priests  as  shall  revnavne 
within  the  Realme,  for  whom  (it  is  not  credible)  that" we 
would  so  deeply  engage  ourselves  without  full  knowledge 
of  their  dispositions;  their  being  here  by  this  meanes 
shall  be  publike,  the  place  of  their  abode  certayne,  their 
conversation  and  carriage  subject  to  the  eyes  of  the 
Bishopps,  Ministers,  and  Justices  of  peace  in  every  pro- 
vince and  place  where  they  shall  live:  by  which  occa- 
sion there  may  probably  arise  akinde  of  vertuous,  and  not 
altogether  unprofitable  emulation  between  our  Priests 

and  your  Ministers and  we  shall  be  so  much  the 

more  circumspect  and  carefull  of  the  comportments  of  our 
said  Priests,  as  our  estate  and  security  doth  more  directly 
depend  upon  their  honesties  and  fidelities." 

Whether  the  temper  of  the  people  would  have 
allowed  James  to  accept  this  solution  is  doubtful. 
There  can  be  no  doubt  that  it  would  have  been 
worth  trying. 

About  the  same  time  James  told  the  French, 
ambassador  that,  although  he  meant  to  consent 
to  the  bill,  he  had  no  intention  of  putting  it  into 
execution  ;  he  merely  wished  to  have  the  power 
of  using  it  if  any  necessity  should  arise.*  As  a 
proof  of  the  sincerity  of  his  intentions,  he  re- 
mitted to  Sir  T.  Tresham  and  fifteen  others  the 
fines  due  since  the  queen's  death,  as  an  assurance 
that  he  would  never  call  upon  them  for  arrears.f 

In  spite  of  the  king's  assurance,  the  persecuting 
act  was  actually  carried  into  effect  at  the  summer 
assizes  in  some  counties.  At  Salisbury  one  Sugar 
was  condemned  and  executed  merely  as  being  a 
seminary  priest,  and  a  layman  suffered  a  similar 
fate  on  the  charge  of  aiding  Sugar.J  At  Man- 
chester several  priests  suffered  death. § 

Mr.  Jardine  (p.  44.)  asserts  that  the  judges, 
before  proceeding  on  this  circuit,  received  fresh 
instructions  to-  enforce  the  penal  statutes.  There 
can  be  no  doubt  that  he  is  again  making  a  mistake 
of  a  year.  The  language  used  by  letter  writers 
when  such  instructions  were  really  given  in  the 
following  year  would  be  inapplicable  to  the  case, 
unless  they  were  then  given  for  the  first  time. 
The  following  passage  in  a  letter  addressed  to 
James  by  the  Constable  of  Castille  as  he  was 
leaving  England  after  the  conclusion  of  the  Spa- 
nish treaty  probably  points  to  the  true  explana- 
tion of  these  executions.  He  desires  :  — 

"  Ut  pro  sud  humanitate  ac  dementia  praecipere  dig- 
naretur  ne  Catholici  in  Regnis  suis  ob  causam  religionis 
ullam  vitas  vel  fortunarum  subirent  discrimeh ;  abstine- 
rentque  ministri  Regis  a  sanguine  sacerdotum;  et  de 
transgressionibus  Catholicorum  non  inferiores  judices,  qui 


*  Beaumont  au  Roi,  July  T|,  1604. 

t  S.  P.  0.,  Docquet,  July  23d,  1604. 

j  Challoner,  Missionary  Priests,  1742,  ii.  44. 

§  Jardine,  p.  45.,  from  the  Rushton  papers. 


S.  IX.  JUNK  30.  '66.  J 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


499 


ssepe  odio  religionis  veros  legum  sensus  detorquent,  sed 
graviores  ac  prudentiores  a  Magistate  Vestra  eligendi 
cognoscerent."  * 

This  looks  very  much  as  if  it  was  known  that 
the  executions  at  the  summer  assizes  had  been  the 
work  of  the  judges.  It  is  quite  in  accordance 
with  James's  character  that  he  should  have  for- 
gotten or  neglected  to  give  those  positive  orders 
to  avoid  bloodshed,  which  we  know  that  he  did 
give  in  the  following  year,  even  when  he  was 
urging  on  the  judges  to  put  in  force  the  penal 
laws.  In  default  of  such  instructions,  those  of  the 
judges  who  were  peculiarly  bitter  against  the 
Roman  Catholics  might  think  themselves  justified 
in  putting  the  statutes  in  force  as  they  stood.  One 
of  the  judges  at  Manchester  was  Serjeant  Phillips, 
the  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Commons,  and  con- 
sequently fresh  from  the  debates  on  the  act  under 
which  he  pronounced  sentence  upon  the  priests. 

On  the  5th  September,  a  commission  was  ap- 
pointed to  preside  over  the  banishment  of  the 
priests,  but  they  do  not  seem  to  have  been  very 
active,  if  a  list  of  twenty-one  priests  and  three 
laymen  which  has  come  down  to  us  contains  the 
whole  result  of  their  labours-!  Before  their  de- 
parture they  addressed  a  dignified  and  respectful 
letter  to  the  Council,  complaining  of  the  injustice 
of  their  treatment,  and  intimating  that  they  did 
not  .consider  themselves  to  be  bound  to  remain 
abroad  by  any  feeling  of  gratitude  to  the  govern- 
ment which  had  released  them  from  their  prison. 

S.  R.  GARDINER. 


LORD    BROUGHAM,    DAVID    HUME,  AND 
PHILARETE  CHASLES. 

«  It  is  not  to  be  forgotten  that  injury  to  the  cause  of 
truth  has  been  done  by  a  very  eminent  person  in  whose 
great  capacity  and  celebrity  this  city  takes  a  just  pride, 
how  much  soever  his  talents  may  have  been  misapplied ; 
and  it  well  becomes  the  instructors  of  youth  strenuously 
to  counteract  the  influence  of  David  Hume,  both  on  ac- 
count of  the  incalculable  importance  of  the  subject  on 
which  he  was  misled,  and  also  in  respect  of  a  far  less 
material  circumstance  —  the  disposition  of  ignorant  per- 
sons in  other  countries  to  represent  him  as  having  founded 
an  infidel  school  or  sect  in  Scotland." — Lord  Brougham 's 
Speech  at  his  Installation  as  Chancellor  of  the  University 
of  Edinburgh. 

The  speech  from  which  the  preceding  extract 
is  taken  has  been  universally  read  and  admired  ; 
and  greatly  would  any  one  be  surprised,  as  I 
was,  on  happening  to  look  into  Philarete  Chasles's 
Etudes  sur  les  Hommes  et  les  Mceurs  de  T Angle- 
terreau  XIXe  Siecle,  Paris,  1849,  and  finding  that 
the  author,  in  his  chapter  on  the  history  and  the 
historians  of  England,  has  written  as  follows  re- 
specting Hume  and  Lord  Brougham  :  — 

"  II  (Hume)  mourut  honors',  estime',  et  regrette;  1'Eu- 


»  S.  P.  O.,  Spanish  Correspondence,       g'      .  1604. 

Sep.  10  ' 
Tierney's  Dodd,  iv.  41.,  note,  and  App.No.  xiii. 


rope  lut  son  panegyrique  dans  quelques  aimables  pages 
d'Adam  Smith.  Entre  1789  et  1810,  sa  gloire  d'eerivain 
et  de  philosophe  toucha  le  point  culminant.  Le  mouve- 
ment  de  reaction  qui  se  fitbientot  sentir  partit  de  PEcosse 
meme,  quand  1'ecole  de  Dugald- Steward  et  de  Reid  es- 
saya  de  re'tablir  lea  principes  de  la  certitude.  Leurs  idees 
gagnerent  du  terrain,  Pesprit  humain,  comme  Patmo- 
sphere,  ne  conservant  sa  puissance  vitale  que  sous  la 
condition  d'une  e'ternelle  mobilite'.  Naguere  on  avalt 
soutenu  que  tout  est  probable  et  possible,  mais  que  rien 
n'est  certain  :  on  se  mit  h  penser  que  notre  conscience  est 
chose  certaine ;  on  s'avan9a  ensuite  jusqu'&  soutenir  que 
toutes  les  opinions  sont  un  fragment  de  verite'  incomplete 
melee  d'erreurs  qui  la  d^figurent.  La  re'nommee  d'Hume 
se  trouva  compromise  par  ce  triomphe  de  Pe'clectisme :  et 
Lord  Brougham,  dans  ces  derniers  temps,  lorsqu'il  essaya 
de  rajeunir  et  de  renouveler  avec  son  audace  habituelle 
la  gloire  du  sceptique  Ecossais,  se  fit  Pavocat  d'une 
cause  qui  semblait  perdue.  Ces  variations  de  Popinion 
ne  s'arreteront  jamais." 

Being  ignorant  of  the  fact,  left  now  to  be  in- 
ferred, that  Lord  Brougham  had  ever  put  forth 
to  the  world  views  respecting  Hume's  scepticism 
different  from  those  so  earnestly  inculcated  in  his 
lordship's  speech  at  Edinburgh,  I  would  respect- 
fully ask  your  Paris  correspondent,  M.  Philarete 
Chasles,  to  state  his  authority  for  the  glorification 
of  Hume  ascribed  to  Lord  B.  in  the  above  ex- 
tract. I  cannot  discover,  in  his  Lordship's  brief 
Memoir  of  Hume,  any  warrant  for  such  a  sweep- 
ing accusation,  which,  if  well  founded,  would 
establish  a  striking  contrast  between  Lord  B.'s 
present  and  former  opinions  regarding  Hume's 
sceptical  speculations.  Should  M.  Chasles,  on 
farther  inquiry,  discover  that  he  has  been  led  into 
error,  he  will  no  doubt  be  glad  to  rectify  it,  which 
is  of  the  more  importance,  since  his  works  are 
much  read  both  on  the  Continent  and  in  Eng- 
land. J.  MACRAY. 

Oxford. 


"VIRTUE  IS  ITS  OWN  REWARD." 

I  am  under  the  impression  that  some  years  ago  a 
Query  was  made  in  "N.  &  Q."  asking  for  the  ongin 
or  the  author  of  the  above  phrase.  I  am  writing 
this  where  I  cannot  refer  to  your  Index,  and  am 
therefore  unable  to  satisfy  myself  on  this  point,  but, 
if  I  remember  rightly,  the  sentiment  expressed  in 
the  above  passage  was  said  to  have  been  a  rule  of 
the  Stoics  ;  and  I  think  the  words,  or  something 
very  like  them,  Pretium  sui  est  Virtus,  were  quoted 
as  being  somewhere  in  Seneca.  A  day  or  two  ago 
I  happened  to  be  looking  through  Silius  Italicus, 
and  in  the  13th  book  of  his  Punic  epic  I  came 
upon  a  line  which  may  have  been  the  original  of 
the  wise  saw  in  general  modern  use.  It  occurs  in 
the  course  of  the  description  of  the  descent  of  the 
young  Scipio  to  visit  the  shades  of  his  father  and 
uncle  (Cneius  and  Publius  Scipio)  in  Tartarus. 
The  visitor  bewails  the  calamity  which  had  befal- 
len them  in  Spain ;  but  the  sire  commences  an  ad- 
mirable speech  with  the  three  following  lines,  the 


500 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  JUNE  30.  '60. 


first  of  which  has  passed  into  the  popular  pro- 
verb :  — 

"  Ipsa  quidem  virtus  sibimet  pulcherrima  merces  ; 
Dulce  tamen  veuit  ad  manes  quam  gloria  vitae 
Durat  apud  superos,  nee  edunt  oblivia  laudem." 

I  have  added  the  second  and  third  lines,  be- 
cause the  three  together  contain,  according  to 
universally-agreeing  criticism,  the  most  beautiful 
of  all  the  sentiments  scattered  over  the  Punica. 
They  have  been  lauded  for  their  majesty,  purity, 
power,  and  wisdom.  Barthius  declared  the  lines 
to  be  the  richest  flower  in  the  whole  nosegay,  and 
Cellarius  could  say  nothing  less  of  them  than  that 
they  were  "  golden."  I  now  wish  to  ask,  as  Nie- 
buhr  states  that  Silius  took  everything  from  Livy, 
and  that  the  Punica  is  only  a  paraphrase  of  the 
historian's  prose  (an  historian,  be  it  remembered, 
who  was  as  imaginative  as  a  poet,  and  as  partial 
as  a  biographer  in  love  with  his  hero),  whether 
your  more  learned  readers  can  recall  to  mind  any 
passage  in  Livy  of  which  the  above  can  be  said  to 
be  a  paraphrase  ?  I  have  sought  and  can  find 
none.  JOHN  DORAN,  F.S.A. 


A  NOTE  ON  BUGS. 

Your  correspondent  J.  R.  (2nd  S.  ix.  453.), 
quoting  from  Adrian  Junius,  1620,  adduces  various 
European  synonyms  for  the  Cimex,  and  remarks 
on  the  absurdity  of  the  vulgar  error  which  assigns 
the  year  1667  as  the  date  of  the  first  introduction 
of  the  insect  into  England.  Allow  me  to  offer  a 
precise  and  detailed  account  of  the  Cimex  from 
the  work  of  Moufet,  who  illustrates  his  text  with 
a  woodcut  representing  a  group  of  creatures 
only  too  readily  recognisable  as  genuine  bugs. 
The  title  of  the  work  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  Insectorum  sive  mininiorum  Animaliutn  Theatrum : 
olim  ab  Edoardo  Wottono,  Conrado  Gesnero,  Thomaque 
Pennio  inchoatum:  tandem  Th'o.  Movfeti  <Londinfi,tis 
operS,  .  .  .  perfectum  ....  Londini  .  .  .  1634," 

Lib.  ii.  cap.  xxv.  "  De  Cimice"  gives  various  synonyms 
for  the  insect ;— "  Germanice,  Wantlausz ;  Anglice,  Wall- 
lowse;  Saxonice,  Wantzen;  Brabant.  Wuegluys,  sive 
spondarum  pediculum  [  Wueg  is  a  misprint  for  Weeg  = 

wainscoatl.  Galli  Punaise  nominant." "  Domes- 

ticus  hie,  fastidiendum  natura  animal,  est  corpore  rhom- 

boide,  colore  nigro,  parum  rubente fsetoremque 

maxime  abhominandum  expret.  Noctu  acriter  mor- 
dendo  ex  hominum  corporibus  sanguinem  exugit  in  vitae 
sustentationem.  Lucem  enim  non  perfert,  eaque  nas- 
cente  in  rimas  lectorum  parietumque  se  recipit.  Post 
morsum  vestigia  purpurascentia  cum  dolore  pruriginoso 
tumida  relinquunt  ....  Anno  1583,  dum  haec  Pennius 
scriptitaret,  Mortlacum  Tamesin  adjacentem  viculum, 
magna  festinatione  accersebatur  ad  duas  Nobiles,  magno 
metu  ex  Cimicum  vestigiis  percussas,  et  quid  nescio 
contagionis  valde  veritas.  Tandem  re  cognita,  ac  bestiolis 
captis,  risu  timorem  omnem  excussit." 

This  story  of  the  ladies  of  Mortlake  proves  the 
existence  of  bugs  in  England  in  the  time  of 
Queen  Elizabeth.  They  were  then  no  novelties, 


and,  indeed,  I  have  no  doubt  they  may  be  ranked 
among  our  "  oldest  inhabitants." 

I  fancy  that  formerly  the  cimex  was  not  always 
called  "  wall-louse,"  but  frequently  "  louse," 
without  any  prefix,  and  I  suspect  it  was  with 
bugs,  as  we  now  call  them,  that  Pepys,  —  who 
could  find  amusement  in  everything —  made  him- 
self merry  at  Salisbury.  In  his  Diary,  A.D.  1668, 
June  12th,  he  has  this  entry  :  —  "  Friday.  Up, 
finding  our  beds  good,  but  lousy,  which  made  us 
merry." 

Having  settled  the  question  as  to  the  early  ex- 
istence of  the  cimex  in  this  country,  we  may  next 
enquire,  —  At  what  period  was  the  term  "  bug  " 
applied  to  the  insect  ?  Much  of  the  confusion  re- 
lating to  the  history  of  the  creature  has  arisen 
from  the  fact  that  the  term  bug  was  not  applied 
to  it  till  a  comparatively  recent  period.  The 
thing  is  old  ;  the  word,  in  its  present  sense,  is  new. 
I  need  not  remind  those  familiar  with  old  English 
writers  that  "  bug,"  or  "  bugge,"  originally  meant 
hobgoblin,  bugbear.  In  some  old  translation,  in 
Psalm  xci.  5.,  the  "  terror  by  night "  is  ren- 
dered the  "  bug  by  night."  (I  have  not  verified 
this  quotation.)  Now  it  is  evident  that  when 
the  verse  was  thus  rendered,  the  cimex  was  not 
called  "  bug " ;  for,  otherwise,  the  translation 
would  have  suggested  an  altogether  ludicrous 
image.  No  doubt  some  reader  of  "  1ST.  &  Q." 
will  be  able  to  resolve  this  question,  —  "  When 
did  the  word  bug  cease  to  mean  goblin,  and  be- 
come exclusively  applied  to  the  insect  ?  "  The 
change  must  have  been  rather  sudden;  for  in 
Todd's  Johnson  I  see  L'Estrange  uses  the  word 
in  the  former  sense,  while  Pope,  in  a  well-known 
passage,  speaks  of  the  "  bug  with  gilded  wings.'* 
Dean  Trench  could,  no  doubt,  answer  this  Query. 

JAYDEE. 


Minor 

REMARKABLE  LONGEVITY. — The  following  very 
remarkable  instances  of  longevity  have  been  duly 
recorded  in  the  Dublin  Warder,  26th  June,  1824; 
and  deserve,  I  think,  a  corner  in  "  N.  &  Q." :  — 

"  On  the  12th  instant,  at  the  Countess's  Bush,  county 
Kilkenny,  Mary  Costello  [died],  aged  102.  Her  mother, 
Matilda  Pickman,  died  precisely  at  the  same  age. 
Her  grandmother  died  at  the  age  of  120.  Her  great- 
grandmother's  age  is  not  exactly  known,  but  it  ex- 
ceeded 125  years;  and  long  before  her  death  she  had 
to  be  rocked  in  a  cradle  like  an  infant.  Mary  Costello's 
brother  lived  beyond  100  years;  at  the  age  of  90  he 
worked  regularly,  and  could  cut  down  half  an  acre  of 
heavy  grass  in  the  day." 

I  am  not  aware  of  having  ever  met  with  a  pa- 
rallel case.  ABHBA. 

A  NOVEL  WEATHER  INDICATOR.  —  In  several 
large  farm-houses  in  Lancashire  they  use  the  fol- 
lowing as  a  weather  indicator.  A  leech  is  put  into 
a  clear  glass  bottle  full  of  water,  the  latter  being 


IX,  JUNE  30.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


501 


renewed  every  second  day.  If  the  day  is  to  be 
wet,  the  leech  lies  close  at  the  bottom  of  the  bot- 
tle ;  if  the  day  is  to  be  showery,  it  occupies  a  place 
about  the  centre  (upward)  of  the  bottle ;  but  if 
the  day  is  to  be  fine,  the  creeping  thing  lies  on 
the  surface  of  the  water.  A  gentleman  in  this 
town  informs  me  tlfat  he  has  tried  this  for  the 
last  seven  months,  and  found  it  accurately  cor- 
rect :  ten  times  more  so,  he  says,  than  any  glass, 
patent  or  otherwise.  Is  this  thing  known  and 
used  elsewhere  ?  It  is,  I  think,  worth  a  Note,  as 
I  have  never  heard  of  such  an  indicator  before. 

S.  REDMOND. 
Liverpool. 

LORD    CUVB    AND  WARREN    HASTINGS.  —  A 

Saturday  Reviewer,  in  an  article  headed  "The 
Agapemone  in  Chancery,"  has  this  sentence :  — 

"History  tells  us  how  Lord  Clive  resolved,  in  the 
midst  of  Indian  conquests,  to  repurchase  the  paternal 
acres." 

Should  we  not  for  "  Lord  Clive"  read  "  Warren 
Hastings"  ?  It  does  not  appear  that  the  Clive 
patrimony  (Styche)  was  ever  sold  out  of  the 
family,  though,  on  the  Indian  conqueror's  second 
return  from  the  scene  of  his  successes,  he  ad- 
vanced a  part  of  his  fortune  to  relieve  it  of  en- 
cumbrances (see  Malcolm,  vol.  ii.  pp.  148-50.). 

But  of  Hastings  we  know,  from  Macaulay's 
famous  essay,  that  — 

"  He  would  recover  the  estate  which  had  belonged  to  his 
fathers.  He  would  be  Hastings  of  Daylesford.  When 
under  a  tropical  sun  he  ruled  fifty  millions  of  Asiatics, 
his  hopes  amidst  all  the  cares  of  war,  finance,  and  legis- 
lation, all  pointed  to  Daylesford.  And  when  his  public 
life,  so  singularly  chequered  with  good  and  evil,  with 
glory  and  obloquy,  had  at  length  closed  for  ever,  it  was 
to  Daylesford  that  he  retired  to  die."  —  Macaulay's 
Essays,  vol.  ii.  p.  182.  (People's  Edition.) 

In  the  case  of  Warren  Hastings,  the  statement 
of  the  Saturday  Reviewer  would  have  force  ;  but 
with  reference  to  Lord  Clive,  who  had  multiplied 
estates  before  he  closed  his  eventful  life  at  the  age 
of  forty-seven,  it  scarcely  seems  to  be  correct. 

ARICONIENSIS. 

THE  LION    AND    UNICORN. — I    believe    that 
James  I.  was  the  first  sovereign  of  this  realm  who 
assumed  the  lion  and  unicorn  as  the  supporters  of 
the  royal  arms.     In  addition  to  other  evidence,  I 
have  a  note  of  a  pageant  in  Cheapside  in  1603, 
where  two  chorister-boys  of  St.  Paul's  delivered, 
in   "a  sweet  and  ravishing  voyce,"   a  discourse 
wherein  is  the  following  allusion  :  — 
"  Where  runnes  (being  newly  borne) 
With  the  fierce  lyon,  the  faire  unicorne." 
Nichols's  Progresses  of  James  1.,  vol.  i.  p.  358. 

Now  in  a  late  visit  to  Corpus  Christi  Library 
I  copied  an  "  Inventory  of  the  Church  Goods  of 
Ely  Cathedral,"  taken  in  the  31st  Henry  VIII. ; 
amongst  which  was  "  a  vestment  powdered  with 
liona  and  unicorns." 


Supposing  the  evidence  to  be  conclusive  that 
these  animals  came  together  for  the  first  time  as 
supporters  to  the  royal  arms  in  James  I.'s  time, 
can  any  of  your  readers  supply  me  with  an  ex- 
planation of  the  reason  of  their  joint  appearance 
on  what  was  doubtless  an  old  vestment  in  the 
31st  of  Henry  VIII.  ?  HENRY  HARROD,  F.S.A. 

OLD  FINGER-POST  RHYME.  —  About  forty  years 
ago  a  finger-post  stood  at  a  cross  road  near  to 
Bunbury,  Cheshire  ;  on  one  arm  was  written  :  — 

"  If  you  are  troubled  with  sore  or  flaw, 
This  is  the  way  to Spa." 

And  on  the  corresponding  arm,  in  the  opposite 
direction :  — 

"  If  sore  and  flaw  you've  left  in  the  lurch, 
This  is  the  way  to  Bunbury  Church." 

Can  any  correspondent  furnish  the  name  of  the 
Spa,  which  I  have  forgotten.  I  believe  it  no 
longer  exists.  U.  O.  N". 


LATIN,  GREEK,  AND  GERMAN  METRES.  *—  Has 
any  attempt  been  made  to  reduce  to  a  system,  or 
give  rules  for  the  rendering  of  Greek  and  Latin 
into  Corresponding  German  metres  ?  If  so,  I  shall 
be  obliged  by  a  reference  to  the  best  or  any  book 
upon  the  subject.  Is  there  in  any  foreign  lan- 
guage a  metre  similar  to  that  of  Tennyson's 
Locksley  Hall  ?  C.  E. 

DR.  B AND  LUTHER'S  STORY.  — 

«  The  B p  of  R asked  Daniel  to  dinner,  though 

he  was  contriving  that  he  should  be  put  in  the  pillory, 
and  took  him  by  the  hand  at  parting,  when  the  chaplain, 

Dr.  B ,  who  said  the  grace,  whispered  to  a  person  of 

quality  who  sat  next  above  him,  that  this  hand-shaking 
on  Palm  Sunday  brought  to  his  mind  the  profane  story 
which  Martin  Luther  tells  of  the  Bishop  of  Batnberg's 
fool.  No  doubt  the  chaplain  would  have  claimed  the 
same  kindred  as  the  fool,  but  for  knowing  that  promo- 
tion did  not  come  from  that  quarter." 

The  above  is  from  a  Whig  pamphlet  of  16  pages, 
entitled  High-Flying  Loyalty,  with  the  date  1719, 
but  no  place  of  publication.  It  is  very  acrimo- 
nious, but  now  rather  obscure.  Probably  the 
initials  and  "  Daniel"  signify  the  Bishop  of  Ro- 
chester and  Defoe.  Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q." 

say  who  was  Dr.  B ?     And  what  is  Luther's 

story  ?  C.  E. 

"  LA  SCHOLA  DE  SCLAVONI." — In  the  pavement 
of  the  north  aisle  of  North  Stoneham  church, 
Hants,  there  is  a  large  stone  upon  which  is  sculp- 
tured a  spread-eagle,  around  which  is  the  follow- 
ing inscription  in  Lombardic  characters  :  — 

"  SEPULTURA  DE  LA  SCHOLA  DE  SCLAVONI,  ANO  DNI 
MCCCCLXXXXI." 

Will  any  of  your  learned  readers  favour  us  with 
an  account  of  the  party  whose  burial  this  curious 


502 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


12"*  S.  IX  JUNE  30.  '60. 


monument  records?  or  refer  to  some  authority 
where  satisfactory  information  may  be  obtained 
respecting  it  ?  D.  B. 

THE  WANT. — In  Quarles'  Sampson  (sec.  iv. 
1.  45.),  among  other  things  Sampson  is  to  forbear 
from  eating  is  mentioned :  — 

.        .        .        The  Want 
That  undermines  the  greedy  Cormorant." 

To  what  supposed  habit  of  the  mole  does  this 
refer  ?  LIBYA. 

MARTELLO  TOWERS. — The  following  particulars 
appeared  in  the  Hibernian  Telegraph,  28th  Sep- 
tember, 1804,  and  in  the  Drogheda  News-Letter 
of  the  following  day  :  — 

"  The  building  the  Martello  Towers  for  the  protection 
of  the  coast  from  Bray  to  Dublin  proceeds  with  unex- 
ampled despatch ;  they  are  in  general  about  forty  feet  in 
diameter,  precisely  circular,  and  built  of  hewn  granite, 
closely  jointed.  Some  are  already  thirty  feet  high,  and 
exhibit' proofs  of  the  most  admirable  masonry;  one  has 
been  just  begun  at  Williamstown,  near  the  Blackrock; 
those  from  Dalkey  to  Bray  are  nearly  finished." 

Some  very  just  observations  respecting  them 
may  be  found  in  Sir  John  Carr's  Stranger  in  Ire- 
land (p.  112.),  London,  1806;  but  I  wish,  for  a 
particular  purpose,  to  learn  somewhat  more  of 
their  history.  To  whom  is  the  credit  of  originat- 
ing them  to  be  ascribed?  How  many  in  number? 
And  how  much  of  the  public  money  was  expended 
on  their  construction  ?  ABHBA. 

FAMILY  or  HAVARD. — From  Jones's  History  of 
Breconshire,  I  learn  that  the  Rev.  David  Havard, 
vicar  of  Abergwili  in  1730,  married  Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  Edward  Howels,  and  had  seven  chil- 
dren, viz.  four  sons,  Edward,  s.  p.  (Rev.)  Griffith, 
s.p.,  David,  s.  p>,  and  Benjamin ;  and  three  daugh- 
ters, viz.  Mary,  Elizabeth,  and  Sarah.  Informa- 
tion is  desired  whether  or  not  Mary  was  married, 
and,  if  so,  to  whom  ?  About  the  middle  of  the 
last  century  there  was  one  Mary  Havard,  of  Tre- 
vecca,  near  Talgarth,  Breconshire,  who  was  clan- 
destinely married  to  one  Joseph  Ralph  —  a  person 
greatly  beneath  her  in  sphere  of  life,  and  was  in 
consequence  not  recognised  by  her  family.  If  any 
of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  can  throw  any  light 
upon  this  subject,  to  identify  these  two  persons  of 
the  name  of  Mary  Havard  to  be  the  same,  it  will 
much  oblige.  STUDENS. 

BAMFIUS:  BLADWELL. — Among  the  old  family 
portraits  which  adorn  the  walls  of  the  manor- 
house    at,   Swanington  in  Norfolk    is   one    over 
which  the  following  lines  are  inscribed  :  — 
"  Vixit  Olympiades  ter  septem  Bamfius,  jetas 

Ter  fuit  illustri  posteritate  minor. 
Virtutes  numera,  paucos  liquisse  nepotes 
Comperies,  paucos  evoluisse  dies." 

The  first  line,  I  presume,  is  intended  to  denote 
that  this  worthy  lived  to  the  age  of  105.  But  I 
should  be  glad  to  know  who  he  was  (the  name 


seems  to  be  Latinised),  and  to  whom  the  second 
line  especially  refers.  The  house  and  estate  were, 
I  believe,  for  many  generations  possessed  by  a 
family  named  Bladwell,  which  has  been  long  ex- 
tinct. Q. 

ALBAN  BUTLER.  —  The  Christian  name  of  this 
learned  Roman  Catholic  divine  so  closely  resembles 
that  of  an  Albian  Butler,  gentleman  of  Clifford's 
Inn,  whose  will,  dated  in  1603,  is  mentioned  by  Mr. 
Hunter  in  his  Illustrations  of  Shakspeare  (ii.  47.), 
that  this  reference  to  the  latter  may  perhaps  de- 
serve to  be  made  a  Note  of,  especially  as  I  have 
heard  that  the  early  history  of  the  author  of  the 
Lives  of  the  Saints  is  involved  in  some  obscurity. 

N.R. 

MARY  WILTSHIRE,  A  DESCENDANT  OF  THE 
STUARTS. —  When  in  England  in  October,  1854, 
I  visited  an  old  spinster,  living  at  Tytherton  in 
Wiltshire,  and  who,  for  aught  I  know,  may  be 
living  there  still.  Her  name  was  Mary  (vulgo 
Molly)  Wiltshire,  and  she  earned  her  livelihood 
by  selling  lollipops  and  such  trifles.  After  I  had 
been  introduced  to  this  lady  as  a  gentleman  from 
Holland,  she  fell  into  a  kind  of  ecstasy,  and  told 
me,  amongst  other  things,  that  she  was  a  descen« 
daht  of  the  Stuarts.  As  I  could  not  very  well 
understand  her,  the  most  interesting  part  of  her 
conversation  was  repeated  to  me  by  one  of  the 
bystanders.  I  neglected  at  the  time  to  inquire 
whether  she  could  prove  her  descent,  and  so  now 
address  myself  to  "  N.  &  Q."  Perhaps  the  REV. 
MR.  JACKSON,  then  at  Leigh  de  la  Mere,  would 
be  kind  enough  to  assist  me.  J.  H.  VAN  LENNEP. 

Zeyst  Townhouse  (whilst  polling). 
June  12, 1860. 

CAMOENS.  —  Having  seen  in  a  local  newspaper 
the  mere  fact  announced  that  a  monument  has 
recently  been  erected  at  Lisbon  to  the  memory  of 
Camoens,  I  should  feel  obliged  if  any  of  your  cor- 
respondents would  give  a  description  of  it  in  your 
columns,  or  refer  me  to  some  account  of  it  else- 
where. E.  H.  A. 

QUOTATIONS  WANTED  .  — 

"  Quando  puer  sedebit  in  sede  lilia,"  etc.'-  St.  Brigida. 
"  Caesar  regnabit  ubique,  sub  quo  cess^bit  vana  g!t>ria 
cleri."  —  Merllnus  Antiquus  vates. 

Will  some  one  kindly  complete  the  above,  and 
inform  me  of  the  exact  references  ?  B.  H.  C. 


"  And  Beauty  draws  us  by  a  single  hair." 


AP. 


SCOTCH  GENEALOGIES. — Where  can  I  find  pedi- 
grees of  any  of  the  following  families  ? 

1.  Ross  of  Balkaile.     Where  is  Balkaile,    and 
does  the  family  still  flourish  ? 

2.  Gib  of  Lochtain,  Perthshire,  1750. 

3.  Meik  of  Banchorie,  Perthshire,  1736. 

SIGMA  THETA. 


IX.  JUNE  30.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEK1ES. 


503 


HON.  CAPT.  EDWARD  CARR.  —  Can  any  of  your 
correspondents  say  to  what  family  "  the  Hon. 
Captain  Edward  Carr"  belongs;  who  about  1725 
was  renting,  and  probably  residing  on,  a  certain 
property  at  Neasdon,  a  hamlet  of  Wilsdon,  Mid- 
dlesex ? 

Brewer,  in  his  Beauties  of  England  and  Wales, 
under  NEASDON,  states  that  "  Lord  George  Car- 
penter "  purchased  a  house  there  in  the  same  year, 
and  resided  in  it  until  his  death  in  1731.  By 
"  Lord  George  Carpenter,"  I  presume  he  must 
mean  George,  first  Lord  Carpenter,  born  1657, 
created  Baron  of  Killaghy  1719,  who,  as  Major- 
General  Carpenter,  defeated  the  Jacobites  at  Pres- 
ton, 1715,  latterly  sat  in  the  House  of  Commons 
for  Westminster,  and  finally  died  as  above,  1731. 

W.  F.  W. 

PRICES  or  LLANFFWYST. —  Can  either  of  the 
readers  or  correspondents  of  "  N.  &  Q."  furnish 
any  account  of  the  descendants  of  the  Prices  of 
Llanffwyst,  alluded  to  in  Coxe's  Tour  in  Mon- 
mouthshire (1801),  p.  244. ;  Jones's  History  of 
BrecJmochshire  (1809),  p.  345. ;  Kogers's  Memoirs 
of  Monmouthshire  (2nd  ed.  1826),  Introduction, 
p.  7. ;  or  Basset's  Antiquarian  Researches  (1846), 
p.  44. ;  and  oblige  an  original  subscriber  ? 

GLWYSIG. 

"  BUSY-LESS." — Mr.  Halliwell  (Fol.  Shahspeare, 
vol.  i.)  adopts  this  emendation  of  Theobald's,  as- 
signing as  a  reason  that  "  it  is  so  naturally  (though 
perhaps  not  quite  grammatically)  formed,  its  rare 
occurrence  is  not,  in  itself,  a  sufficient  reason  for  its 
rejection." 

I  should  be  obliged  if  Mr.  Halliwell  would  in- 
form me,  and  other  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  where 
this  word  does  occur  ?  CLAMMILD. 

Athenaeum  Club. 

HOWELL,  JAMES. — 

"  A  German  Diet,  or  the  Ballance  of  Europe,  wherein 
the  Power  and  Weakness,  the  Glory  and  Reproch,  &c., 
of  all  the  Kingdoms  and  States  of  Christendom  are  im- 
partially poiz'd,  at  a  solemn  Convention  of  som  German 
Princes  in  sundry  elaborat  Orations  pro  and  con.  Lon- 
don, for  Hum.  Moselej'.  1653.  Folio." 

This  work  is  not  mentioned  by  Lowndes,  or  his 
latest  editor,  Mr.  Bohn.  The  frontispiece  repre- 
sents a  man  leaning  against  a  tree,  which  is  la- 
belled, "Robur  Britannicum"  ;  and  beneath,  on 
a  scroll,  are  "  Heic  tutus  obumbror."  This  plate 
appears  to  have  been  used  in  another  of  Howell's 
works  mentioned  by  Lowndes.  The  names  of  the 
Orators,  Verses  to  Reader,  Dedication  to  Earl  of 
Clare,  and  Address  to  Reader,  occupy  three  leaves ; 
the  pagination  is  1 — 68.,  1 — 68.,  and  1 — 55. ;  at 
the  end,  The  Table  covers  two  leaves.  Under  what 
circumstances  was  the  book  written  ?  DELTA. 

THOMAS  GYLL,  [ESQ.  —  Can  any  correspondent 
tell  me  anything  of  this  gentleman,  to  whom  a 
letter,  in  the  possession  of  the  writer,  from  the 


Rev.  William  Smith,  the  rector  of  Melsonby,  and 
author  of  The  Annals  of  University  College,  is 
addressed  "  at  Searle's  Coffee  House  in  Lincoln's 
Inn  "  about  1728  ?  DELTA. 

WHO  is  THE  BRIGAND  ? 

"  It  is,  I  believe,  undoubted  that  in  1848  the  proposal 
for  a  coup  de  main  on  London  was  made  to  the  revolu- 
tionary government  of  France,  not  by  any  obscure  ad- 
venturer, but  by  a  general  officer  of  great  reputation  for 
civil  as  well  as  military  qualities."  —  Letter  of*A  Hert- 
fordshire Incumbent'  to  The  Times  of  Saturday,  23rd 
June,  1860. 

May  I  ask  the  general's  name  ?  P.  Q. 

LEGISLATURE.  — When,  and  by  whom,  was  the 
Parliament  first  styled  a  legislative  body  f 

MELETES. 

VALUE  OF  MONEY.  — Can  you  induce  PROF.  DE 
MORGAN  to  tell  us  what  was  the  value  of  money 
in  the  reigns  of  Elizabeth  and  James,  as  compared 
with  that  of  Victoria?  I  am  told  by  some  that 
the  calculation  of  the  old  money  beihg  five  or  six 
times  more  valuable  than  our  own  is  erroneous. 

G.  H.  K. 

THE  LATE  LORD  DENMAN.  —  Can  any  of  your 
readers  inform  me  where  Lord  Denman  was 
buried?  He  died,  I  think,  at  Stoke  Albany  in 
Northamptonshire,  September  22,  1854.  If  there 
is  any  inscription  to  his  memory  in  the  church 
where  he  was  buried,  or  elsewhere,  a  copy  of  the 
same  would  greatly  oblige  F.  G. 


imtfj 
"THE  SPANISH  PILGRIM."  — 

"  The  Spanish  Pilgrime,  or  an  admirable  discoverie  of  a 
Roman  Catholicke."  4to.  London,  1625.  136  pp.,  Epis. 
Ded.,  &c.  8  leaves. 

Can  you  refer  me  to  any  account  of  the  above 
work  ?  It  is  dedicated  to  William  Earl  of  Pem- 
broke, and  the  Epistle  of  French  Translator  is 
signed  "  J.  D.  Dralymont,"  who  appears  to  have 
made  many  additions  to  the  text,  which  are  printed 
in  italics.  DELTA. 

[The  earliest  English  edition  of  this  work  is  that 
printed  by  William  Ponsonby  in  1598,  entitled  "A  Trea- 
tise Parenetical,  that  is  to  say,  An  Exhortation :  wherein 
is  showed  by  good  and  evident  reasons,  infallible  argu- 
ments, most  true  and  certaine  histories,  and  notable 
examples,  the  right  way  and  true  meanes  to  resist  the 
violence  of  the  Castilian  King :  to  breake  the  course  of 
his  desseignes :  to  beat  down  his  pride,  and  to  ruinate 
his  puissance.  Dedicated  to  the  Kings,  Princes,  Poten- 
tates, and  Common-weales  of  Christendome :  and  parti- 
cularly to  the  most  Christian  King.  By  a  Pilgrim 
Spaniard,  beaten  by  time,  and  persecuted  by  fortune. 
Translated  out  of  the  Castilian  tongue  into  the  French, 
by  I.  D.  Dralymont,  Lord  of  Yarleme,  and  now  Eng, 
lished.  Printed  for  him,  1598, 4to."  See  Herbert's  Ames, 
ii.  1276,  where  occurs  the  following  note:  "  My  copy  has 
in  MS.  of  the  time, « Vz.  Don  Antonio  de  Perez,  Secre- 


504 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


*a  S.  IX,  JUNE  30.  '60, 


tarie  of  State  to  Philip  II.,  who  came  hither  into  Eng- 
land.'" The  work,  however,  may  be  viewed  as  an  amus- 
ing specimen  of  the  mystification  which  so  often  occurs 
in  French  literature.  In  Spanish,  it  may  be  doubted 
whether  it  ever  existed  at  all,  either  as  a  printed  book  or 
a  MS.  If,  however,  the  French  work  was  realty,  as  it 
professes  to  be,  a  translation,  the  supposed  author  of  the 
original  was  not,  after  all,  Don  Antonio  Perez,  Secretary 
of  State  to  Charles  V.  and  Philip  II.,  but  the  Portuguese 
Dominican,  Father  J.  Texera  or  Texeira ;  and  the  latter 
appears,  on  this  supposition,  under  the  pseudonym  of 
11  P.  Ol.  [Pierre  Olim]  Pe'lerin  Espagnol  battu  du  Terns 
et  persecute  de  la  Fortune."  Then,  again,  the  name  of 
the  professed  translator  into  French  has  all  the  appear- 
ance of  being  a  disguise ;  "  J.  D.  Dralymont,  Seigneur  de 
Yarleme,"  being,  as  there  is  even'  reason  to  think,  merely 
the  anagram  of  "  J.  de  Montlyard,  Seigneur  de  Meleray." 
Marchand,  Diet.  Hist.,  art.  Montlyard.  In  the  catalogue 
given  by  Antonio  (in  his  Biblioth.  Hisp.)  of  writings,  MS. 
and  published,  by  A.  Perez,  no  mention  is  made  of  the 
"  Traite  parenetique ; "  and  it  is  almost  superfluous  to  add 
that  the  curious  inquirer  will  in  rain  search  the  choro- 
graphy  of  France  for  any  such  .lordship  as  Yarleme ."] 

AUGUSTINE  BRIGGS,  OR  BRIDGS.— Information  is 
requested  respecting  Augustine  Briggs,  or  Bridgs, 
who  was  mayor  of  Norwich  in  1670,  elected  mem- 
ber in  1677,  and  died  in  1684.  He  was  a  trader, 
and  kept  the  sign  of  the  "  Cock  on  Tombland." 
He  also  issued  his  token  like  many  others. 

I  shall  be  extremely  obliged  if  anybody,  who 
could  answer  this,  will  do  so  either  through  "  N".  & 
Q.,"  or  to  my  address  as  under. 

EDW.  A.  TILLE-TT. 

St.  Andrews,  Norwich,  June  16,  1860. 

[A  long  notice  of  Augustine  Briggs  will  be  found  in 
Blomefield's  Norfolk,  iv.  217.  8vo.  ed.  1806,  with  an  en- 
graving of  his  tablet] 

GLASTONBURY  THORN. — Could  any  of  your  West 
Country  correspondents  give  any  evidence  as  to 
the  truth  of  the  story  of  the  Glastonbury  thorn  ? 
viz.  that  it  always  flowers  on  or  about  Christmas 
Day.  And  whether  descendants  from  it  retain 
the  faculty  ?  R.  T. 

[For  a  full  account  of  the  holy  thorn  that  grew  at 
Glastonbury,  see  Warner's  History  of  the  Abbey  of  Glas- 
ton,  4to.,  Bath,  1826,  Appendix,  pp.  v.  xxxvi.  &  xxxvii. 
From  the  following  extract  it  would  appear  that  this 
miraculous  tree  has  long  since  disappeared :  "  It  had  two 
trunks,  or  bodies,  till  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  in 
whose  days  a  saint-like  Puritan  taking  offence  at  it 
hewed  down  the  biggest  of  the  two  trunks,  and  had  cut 
down  the  other  body  in  all  likelyhood,  had  he  not  bin 
miraculously  punished  (saith  my  author)  by  cutting  his 
leg,  and  one  of  the  chips  flying  up  to  his  head,  which  put 

out  one  of  his  eyes The  remaining  trunk,  and  the 

place  where  it  grew,  Mr.  Broughton  describes,  and  says 
that  it  was  as  great  *  as  the  ordinary  body  of  a  man,  that 
it  was  a  tree  of  that  kind  and  species,  in  all  natural  re- 
spects, which  we  term  a  white  thorn ;  but  it  was  so  cut 
and  mangled  round  about  in  the  bark,  by  engraving 
people's  names  resorting  thither  to  see  it,  that  it  was  a 
wonder  how  the  sap  and  nutriment  should  be  diffused 
from  the  root  to  the  boughs  and  branches  thereof,  which 
were  also  so  maimed  and  broken  by  comers  hither,  that 
he  wondered  how  it  could  continue  any  vegetation,  or 
grow  at  all ;  yet  the  arms  and  boughs  were  spread  and 


dilated  in  a  circular  manner  as  far  or  farther  than  other 
trees  freed  from  such  impediments  of  like  proportion, 
bearing  hawes  (fruit  of  that  kind)  as  fully  and  plentifully 
as  others  do.  In  a  word,  that  the  blossoms  of  this  tree 
were  such  curiosities  beyond  seas,  that  the  Bristol  mer- 
chants carried  them  into  foreign  parts  ;  that  it  grew  upon 
(or  rather  near)  the  top  of  an  hill,  in  a  pasture  bare  and 
naked  of  other  trees,  and  was  a  shelter  for  cattle  feeding 
there,  by  reason  whereof  the  pasture  being  great,  and  the 
cattle  many,  round  about  the  tree  the  ground  was  bare 
and  beaten  as  any  trodden  place.  Yet  this  trunk  was 
likewise  cut  down  by  a  military  saint,  as  Mr.  Andrew 
Paschal  calls  him,  in  the  rebellion  which  happened  in 
Charles  I.'s  time.  However,  there  are  at  present  divers 
trees  from  it,  by  grafting  and  inoculation,  preserved  in 
the  town  and  country  adjacent;  amongst  other  places 
there  is  one  in  the  garden  of  a  currier  living  in  the  prin- 
cipal street,  a  second  at  the  White  Hart  inn,  and  a  third 
in  the  garden  of  William  Strode,  Esq.  There  is  a  person 
about  Glastonbury  who  has  a  nursery  of  them,  who,  Mr. 
Paschal  tells  us  he  is  informed,  sells  them  for  a  crown 
a  piece,  or  as  much  as  he  can  get."] 

"NE  GRY  QUIDEM"  (2nd  S.  ix.  485.)  —  Many 
thanks  for  your  kind  and  prompt  reply  to  my 
Query.  On  seeing  your  explanation  of  "  gry  "  I 
turned  to  Liddell  and  Scott's  Lexicon  (Oxford, 
1855),  to  see  whether  the  word  ypv  was  to  be 
found  in  classical  authors.  I  there  found  — 


"  ypv,  a  grunt  like  that  of  swine  ;  ouSe  ypv 
=ou8e  YpO£ai,  not  even  to  give  a  grunt,  Ar.  Pint.  17.  ;  so, 
ovSe  ypv,  not  a  syllable,  not  a  bit,  Dem.  353.  10.,  Antiph. 
HAous.  1.  13." 

This  meaning  of  the  word  seems  borne  out  by 
the  use  of  the  verb  ypvfav  by  Aristophanes  in  his 
Plutus,  454.,  where  it  is  used  in  the  sense  to 
grumble,  to  mutter,  ypvfav  8e  Kal  TO\U.O.TOV  .  .  .  (v. 
Liddell  and  Scott  on  ypvfa). 

The  object  of  my  Note  is  to  request  you  to  add 
to  the  obligation  I  am  already  under,  by  favouring 
me  with  a  classical  authority  for  the  use  of  the 
word  ypv  in  the  sense  of  "  the  dirt  that  collects 
under  the  nails  ?"  LIBYA. 

[It  is  out  of  our  power  to  give  any  such  authority  that 
can  strictly  be  called  classical  ;  but  perhaps  LIBYA  will 
like  to;  see  what  is  said  on  the  subject  by  JSlius  Hero- 
dianus,  who  is  supposed  to  have  been  born  at  Alexandria 
in  the  second  century,  and  who  is  styled  by  Priscian 
"maximus  auctor  artis  grammatical"  He  writes,  rpu, 

OVTWS  e\eyov  TQV  WTTO  TW  ow^t  TOV  Saitrv\ov  pvirov,  curb  Se 
TOVTOV  KCU  TTO.V  TO  ftpa.xvTo.Tov.  (M.  Herodian.  Philetcerus, 
appended  to  Pierson's  Mceris.)  In  the  list  of  "  Verba  im- 
probata  et  expulsa"  appended  to  Forcellini  we  find  "Gry, 
ypv,  sordes  sub  unguibus."] 


ALLEGED    INTERPOLATIONS    IN  THE    "TE 
DEUM." 

(2nd  S.  viii.  352.;  ix.  31.  265.  367.) 
This  rather  important  discussion  cannot  be  left 
in  the  unsatisfactory  state  in  which  the  last  com- 
munication of  A.  H.  W.  leaves  it.  I  perhaps, 
therefore,  may  be  permitted  to  vindicate  the  in- 
tegrity of  the  "  Te  Deum,"  and  to  attempt  to 


2"d  s.  IX.  JUNE  30.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


505 


show  that  the  charge  of  interpolation,  though  it 
may  be  "  a  clever  piece  of  criticism,"  is  in  fact 
totally  destitute  of  foundation. 

It  seems  that  one  of  the  arguments  on  which 
stress  is  laid  is,  that  the  hymn  is,  "  according  to 
the  venerable  testimony  of  antiquity,"  amcebcean, 
and  that  the  three  versicles  on  the  Trinity  inter- 
fere with  the  regular  alternation  which  its  amse- 
bsean  character  requires.  St.  Augustin  would 
not  have  the  last  response ;  but  St.  Ambrose 
would  both  begin  and  end  the  hymn.  Now, 
were  I  to  concede  the  amsebsean  nature  of  the 
hymn,  I  should  still  be  disposed  to  dispute  the 
necessity  of  the  second  interlocutor  having  the 
last  word ;  especially  in  the  unique  instance  al- 
luded to, — the  extemporised  doxology  of  St.  Am- 
brose and  St.  Augustin  on  the  occasion  of  the 
Matter's  baptism,  through  the  ministry  of  the 
former.  But  I  contend  that  the  hymn  is  not 
amaebaean  at  all :  certainly  not  from  its  internal 
construction ;  the  alternate  versicles  not  being  at 
all  the  necessary  response  to  the  preceding :  —  in 
fact,  the  arrangement  of  versicles  being  a  mode 
adopted  in  comparatively  modern  times.  The 
"  Te  Deum  "  is  not  more  amaebaean  than  the  solo 
canticles  of  the  "Magnificat"  of  the  Blessed 
Virgin,  the  "  Benedictus "  of  Zachary,  or  the 
"  Nunc  dimittis  "  of  Simeon. 

Neither  can  its  alternating  construction  be 
proved  from  the  supposed  fact  alluded  to  —  the 
mutual  responses  of  St.  Ambrose  and  St.  Au- 
gustin at  the  baptismal  font.  That  fact  sound 
criticism  has  shown  to  be  apocryphal.  On  what 
testimony  was  it  supposed  to  rest  ?  On  a  certain 
chronicle  which  bore  the  title  of  the  Chronicle  of 
St.  Datius,  who  was  Bishop  of  Milan,  and  died  Jan. 
14,  an.  552-3.  His  testimony,  both  on  account 
of  his  office,  and  his  proximity  to  the  times  of 
St.  Ambrose,  was  considered  entitled  to  credence. 
I  give  the  extract  immediately  bearing  on  the 
point :  — 

"  Finita  admonitione  quam  ad  populum  B.  Ambrosias 
rainistrabat,  privatim  ad  eum  Augustinus  pervenit.  At 
B.  Ambrosius,  cognitS  ejus  scientia,  patefactelque  ejus 
discipline,  quid  in  arte  valeret,  qualiter  in  fide  Gatholka 
dissentiret,  et  per  Spiritum  Sanctum  cognoscens,  quali- 
terque  fidelis  et  Catholicus  futurus  esset,  placidissime  et 

multum  charitative  eum  suscepit Tandem  nutu  divino, 

non  post  multos  dies,  sicut  multis  videntibus  et  sibi  con- 
sentientibus  palam  observaverant,  sic  in  fontibus  qui  Beati 
Johannis  adscribuntur,  Deo  opitulante,  a  B.  Ambrosio, 
cunctis  fidelibus  hujus  urbis  adstantibus  et  videntibus,  in 
nomine  Sanctae  et  individuas  Trinitatis  baptizatus  et  con- 
firmatus  est.  In  quibus  fontibus,  prout  Spiritus  Sanctus 
dabat  eloqui  illis,  Te  Deum  laudamus  decantantes,  cunctis 
qui  aderant  audientibus  et  videntibus,  simulque  miranti- 
bus,  id  posteris  ediderunt  quod  ab  universaEcclesi&Cath.o- 
lica  usque  hodie  tenetur  et  religiose  decantatur."  —  Ex 
Chronico  Datii,  lib.  i.  cap.  9. 

This  is  the  principal  foundation  for  the  alleged 
joint  improvisation  of  the  "Te  Deum"  by  St. 
Ambrose  and  St.  Augustin.  But  the  illustrious 


Muratori  has  shown,  in  the  Appendix  ad  1.  torn. 
Anecdotorum,  cap.  6.,  and  in  his  Preface  to  the 
History  of  Landulphus  Senior  (Rerum  Italicarum 
Scriptores)  that  the  so-called  Chronicle  of  St. 
Datius  was  not  written  by  St.  Datius  at  all,  but 
by  Landulphus,  Senior,  who  lived  several  hun- 
dred years  later;  and  that  there  is  nothing  to 
prove  that  St.  Datius  ever  wrote  a  Chronicle  at 
all;  but  that  certainly  that  which  passes  under 
his  name  is  supposititious  as  to  the  authorship. 
This  must  be,  as  it  since  has  been,  considered 
well-nigh  fatal  to  the  authority  of  the  Chronicle 
in  this  matter;  not  only  on  account  of  the  eminent 
erudition  of  Muratori,  but  also  of  the  office  he  had 
held  of  keeper  of  the  Ambrosian  library.  The 
title  of  "  Chronicle  of  St.  Datius  "  had  in  fact 
been  affixed  to  the  codices  by  a  comparatively 
recent  hand.  The  answer,  also,  of  A.  M.  Pus- 
terla,  Librarian  of  the  Metropolitan  Chapter  of 
Milan,  to  Mabillon's  enquiries  as  to  the  genuine- 
ness of  St.  Datius'  Chronicle,  confirms  the  conclu- 
sions of  Muratori.  It  was  as  follows  (Analecta 
Mobil,  torn.  i.  p.  5.)  :  — 

"  Non  modb  non  eadem  manu  descriptum,  verum  neque 
ab  eodem  auctore;  nam  primam.partem  scripsit  Landul- 
phus senior ;  secundam  Arnulptius,  et  tertiam  Landulphus 
junior,  omnes  Mediolanenses  Historici.  Titulus  Chroni- 
corum  est  recentior,  isque  est  hujusmodi:  Chrouica  Datii 
Archiepiscopi  Mediolani  nuncupata." 

Another  editor  of  "  Fragments  of  Milanese 
Historians"  makes  this  remark  :  —  "  Libellis  qui- 
busdam  historicis  imperite  praepositum  Datii  no- 
men  vidimus."  And  Merati  informs  us  that  at  the 
end  of  the  Metropolitan  Codex  is  written,  "  vetus- 
tissimis  characteribus,"  —  "  Explicit  Liber  histo- 
riarum  Landulphi  historiographi."  Now  Landul- 
phus senior,  Arnulphus,  and  Landulphus  junior, 
all  wrote  between  the  years  1000  and  1100. 

As  this  passage  in  the  Chronicle  was  the  prin- 
cipal support  of  the  alternate  improvisation,  I 
think  it  will  be  acknowledged  that  it  has  received 
a  rude  shock  at  the  hands  of  so  eminent  a  critic 
as  Muratori.  I  will  also  here  remark  upon  the 
inherent  a  priori  improbability  of  the  story.  St. 
Augustin,  although  a  learned  and  distinguished 
man,  was  yet,  on  the  occasion,  only  a  layman,  just 
rising  from  the  humble  attitude  of  a  catechumen  ; 
while  St.  Ambrose  was  an  officiating  Pontiff,  de- 
riving, at  the  moment,  from  the  solemnity  of  the 
function  and  of  the  place,  an  exalting  superiority 
over  the  neophyte. 

However,  it  must  be  acknowledged  that  there 
was,  previously  to  the  time  of  Landulphus,  a 
floating  tradition  of  the  sort,  otherwise  he  could 
not  have  recorded  it.  There  exists  also  a  MS. 
Psalter,  which  was,  anno  772.  presented  by  Char- 
lemagne to  Pope  Adrian  I.,  who  in  the  year  788 
bestowed  it  upon  the  church  of  Bremen,  where  it 
was  preserved  during  the  space  of  800  years,  and 
which  is  now,  I  believe,  in  the  Vienna  library.  In 


506 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  JUNE  30.  '60. 


the  Appendix  of  this  Psalter,  the  Te  Deum  is 
found,  bearing  this  title  —  "  Hymnus  quern  Stus> 
Ambrosius  et  S.  Augustinus  invicem  condide- 
rtmt."  But  there  is  no  great  authority  in  all  this  ; 
first,  on  account  of  the  late  date  772  ;  secondly, 
"  invicem  condiderunt "  does  not  necessarily  mean 
that  it  was  jointly  extemporised  in  the  church ; 
but  rather  that  it  was  jointly  prepared  and  com- 
posed in  the  cabinet.  The  probable  origin  of  the 
tradition  was  the  sermon  attributed  to  St.  Am- 
brose, numbered  92.  in  the  Paris  edition  of  1549, 
and  entitled  "  De  Augustini  baptismo."  This 
sermon,  from  internal  evidence,  from  total  dis- 
similarity of  style  and  sentiment,  from  the  in- 
credible assertion  put  into  the  mouth  of  St.  Am- 
brose, that  he  often  prayed  to  God  to  be  delivered 
from  the  captious  sophistry  of  Augustin,  whereas 
it  was  by  hearing  St.  Ambrose  preach  that  St. 
Augustin  was  converted  to  the  Catholic  faith,  as 
he  tells  us  in  his  Confessions,  lib.  v.  c.  13.  and 
lib.  vi.  c.  1., — from  these  and  similar  indications 
of  spurious  origin,  has  been  pronounced  by  all 
competent  critics  decidedly  supposititious.  The 
Benedictine  Fathers  have,  in  consequence,  alto- 
gether omitted  it  from  their  edition  of  the  works 
of  St.  Ambrose.  Arid  Cave  stigmatises  it  as  un- 
doubtedly spurious,  with  this  strong  expression, 
"  Sermo  ultimus  (92.)  de  baptismo  Augustini,  in- 
epti  cujusdam  nugivenduli  est."  (Historia  Lite- 
raria,  ad  an.  374.)  Landulphus,  however,  refers 
to  the  assertions  of  the  said  sermon  with  approba- 
tion (lib.  i.  cap.  19.),  and  therefore  partly  founded 
his  narrative  upon  them. 

Who,  then,  is  to  be  considered  the  author  of  the 
hymn  ?  It  is  a  very  difficult  matter  to  decide.  The 
prevailing  opinion  inclines  to  St.  Ambrose,  who  was 
undoubtedly  the  author  of  many  hymns  adopted  in 
the  liturgy.  But  it  is  to  be  remarked  that  all  those 
hymns  are  metrical,  which  the  Te  Deum  is  not 
And  there  exist  various  ancient  MSS.  which  as- 
cribe it  to  different  persons.  There  is  one  at 
Home,  in  which  it  is  entitled  "  Hymnus  S. 
Abundii."  Another,  according  to  Natalis  Alex- 
ander, is  an  ancient  Benedictine  breviary  at 
Monte  Cassino,  which  attributes  it  to  the  monk 
Sisebutus — "  Hymnus  Sisebuti  monachi."  Another 
Codex  in  the  Vatican  gives  it  to  the  same  monk, 
according  to  Cardinal  Bona.  Archbishop  Usher 
mentions  a  Psalter  which  makes  Nicetas  the 
author.  In  the  Benedictine  edition  of  the  works 
of  St.  Hilary  of  Poitiers  (A.  D.  1693)  a  fragment 
of  a  letter  of  Abbo,  Abbot  of  Fleury  (tenth 
century),  is  quoted  in  the  Preface,  in  which  St. 
Hilary  is  mentioned  as  its  composer, — "  In  Dei 
palinodia,  quam  composuit  Hilarius  Pictaviensis 
Episcopus,  &c."  Others  there  are  who  ascribe  it 
to  St.  Hilary  of  Aries  or  some  monk  of  Lerins. 
It  must  have  been,  when  composed,  adapted,  they 
say,  to  the  early  morning  office  in  choir;  as  is 
implied  by  the  versicle  "  Dignare,  Domine,  die 
isto,  sine  peccato  nos  custodire,'' 


I  have  written  at  such  length  on  this  part  of 
the  question,  that  I  must  try  to  be  brief  on  the 
remainder.  I  entirely  dissent  from  the  criticism 
on  the  words  "  Te  Deum  laudamus,"  that  the 
necessary  meaning  is,  "  We  praise  Thee  as  God. 
Of  course,  "  O  God"  is  not  accurate.  But  the 
strict  rendering  would  be,  "  We  praise  Thee  being 
God  —  ovra.  06ov,  —or  "  we  praise  Thee  the  God." 
The  same  construction  follows  in  "  Te  Dominum 
confitemur  ;  Te  Sternum  Patrem,  &c.,"  and  this 
is  translated  in  the  Common  Prayer — "  The  Lord, 
the  Father  everlasting."  Each  verb  has  a  double 
accusative,  and  that  is  all. 

The  idea  which  A.  H.  W.  has  suggested,  that 
possibly  the  "  Carmen  "  which  the  Christians  sang 
to  Christ  as  God,  as  mentioned  by  Pliny  in  his 
letter  to  Trajan,  was  this  very  hymn,  is  quite 
untenable.  In  the  first  place,  the  common  people* 
in  Bithynia  did  not  use  the  Latin  language  :  now 
the  original  of  the  "  Te  Deum "  is  undoubtedly 
Latin.  Second.  If  the  hymn  were  entirely  de- 
voted to  the  profession  of  belief  in  the  Divinity  of 
our  Lord,  it  could  not  have  been  sung  about  the 
close  of  the  first  century,  when  Pliny  wrote  ;  they 
could  not  with  truth  have  sung  — "  Te  seternum 
Patrem  omnis  terra  veneratur  "  —  "  Te  per  orbem 
terrarum  sancta  confitetur  ecclesia."  Third.  The 
"  Te  Deum  "  is  not  a  "  carmen." 

A.  H.  W.  asserts  that  "  the  versicles  in  the  even 
places  answer  those  in  the  odd  places,  as  far  as  the 
interpolated  ones,  after  which  .those  in  the  odd 
places  answer  those  in  the  even."  I  have  already 
mentioned  that  the  division  into  versicles  is  a 
modern  arrangement;  and  have  already  shown  that 
the  responsiveness  is  imaginary.  But  a  singular 
oversight  is  here  committed,  fatal  to  the  argument. 
For  the  versicle  "  Holy,  Holy,  Holy  :  Lord  God 
of  Sabaoth"  is  in  the  odd  place,  and  it  answers  the 
preceding  versicle  in  the  even—"  To  Thee  Cheru- 
bin  and  Seraphin :  continually  do  cry,"  and  this 
in  a  manner  more  closely  connecting  it,  than  in 
any  other  passage,  being  separated  as  to  punc- 
tuation by  a  mere  comma  (Anglican  translation), 
the  only  instance  in  the  entire  hymn. 

The  title  "  Father  everlasting  "  is  certainly  given 
to  Christ ;  but,  unless  the  context  indicate  that 
application  of  the  title  —  and  that  is  the  question 
—  it  generally  would  refer  to  the  first  Person  of 
the  B.  Trinity.  In  like  manner,  the  thrice  re- 
peated "  Holy  "  is  generally  referred  to  the  Three 
Divine  Persons.  As  to  A.  H.  W.'s  last  suggestion 
about  the  words  ceternum  Patrem,  I  answer  that 
the  general  rule  of  the  Church  in  addressing  God 
has  always  been  to  address  the  Father ;  as  is  quite 
evident  from  the  usual  termination  of  the  Collects 
and  other  prayers  —  "  Through  our  Lord  Jesus 
Christ  Thy  Son,  &c."  Of  course  the  Son  or  the 
Holy  Ghost  may  be  specially  addressed  as  occa- 
sion requires,  or  devotion  suggests. 

In  conclusion,  I  have  to  remark  that  the  order 
of  this  beautiful  hymn  is  sufficiently  patent,  and 


2*1  S.  IX.  JUNE  30.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


507 


to  a  believing  Christian,  natural  —  1.  Unity.  2. 
Trinity.  3.  Incarnation.  4.  Ejaculations  of  sup- 
plication and  praise,  poured  forth  with  that  un- 
confounded  hope  which  faith  in  those  mysteries 
produces.  JOHN  WILLIAMS. 

Arno's  Court. 

P.S. — Since  writing  the  above,  I  have  read  the 
replies  of  F.  C.  H.  and  B.  H.  C.  to  A.  H.  W. 
(p.  407.)  As  I  have  entered  rather  more  fully 
into  one  portion  of  the  question,  I  would  still  be 
obliged  by  the  insertion  of  this  reply.  I  am  not 
disposed  to  agree  altogether  with  B.  H.  C.  in  his 
tracing  a  close  connexion  between  the  "  Te 
Deum  "  and  the  Greek  "  Morning  Hymn."  Iden- 
tity of  doctrine  would  produce  of  itself  corre- 
spondence of  sentiment,  and  possibly  even  of 
expressions.  As  to  the  passage  he  quotes,  "  We 
praise  Thee,  &c.,"  it  is  a  literal  translation,  not 
of  the  "  Te  Deum,"  but  of  the  "Gloria  in  ex- 
celsis  " —  "  Laudamus  Te;  benedicimus  Te  ;  ado- 
ramus  Te  ;  glorificamus  Te  ;  gratias  agimus  Tibi 
propter  magnam  gloriam  Tuam."  This  proves 
the  connexion  of  the  Hymnus  Angelicus  with  the 
Greek  Liturgy. 


ON  SEPULCHRAL  EFFIGIES  AT  KIRBY  BELERS 
AND  ASHBY  FOLVILLE,  CO.  LEICESTER. 

(2ud  S.  viii.  496. ;  ix.  410.) 

I  beg  to  thank  your  learned  correspondent  J. 
G.  N.  for  his  courteous  reply  to  my  Query,  and 
if  I  have,  as  he  thinks,  "  too  hastily  identified  the 
effigies  with  the  actor  and  sufferer  in  the  murder  " 
of  Sir  Roger  Beler,  which  it.  is  not  impossible 
may  be  the  case,  I  shall  be  quite  ready  to  ac- 
knowledge my  error,  however  much  I  may  regret 
the  demolition  of  the  ancient  local  tradition  on  the 
subject. 

I  believe,  however,  that  J.  G.  N.,  from  not 
having  seen  the  effigies  themselves,  but  merely 
the  engravings  of  them,  has  assigned  to  them  a 
later  date  than  that  to  which  they  really  belong. 

I  will  notice  J.  G.  N.'s  remarks  seriatim  :  — 

1st.  The  statement  that  although  Nichols  ap- 
propriates the  monument  at  Kirkby  (or,  as  it  is 
now  invariably  called,  Kirby)  Belers  to  a  Roger 
Beler,  there  were  several  Rogers  in  succession,  is 
perfectly  true,  the  judge  having  been  the  grandson 
of  a  Roger  Beler,  and  having  transmitted  the 
same  Christian  name  to  his  son. 

The  effigies  of  the  knight  and  his  lady  (who- 
ever they  may  be)  now  rest  ,on  a  comparatively 
modern  altar-tomb  at  the  east  end  of  the  chantry 
chapel,  for  the  foundation  of  which  the  judge  ob- 
tained a  licence,  9  Edward  II. ;  but  from  a  close 
examination,  on  a  visit  which  I  made  to  the  church 
a  few  years  ago.  it  appeared  almost  conclusive  to 
my  mind,  from  the  corresponding  size  of  the  slab 
on  which  the  figures  lie,  £c.,  that  the  effigies  had 


been  removed  from  the  sepulchral  recess  for  the 
founder's  tomb  in  the  south  wall,  now  tenantless  ; 
whilst,  in  addition  to  the  probability  that  a  tomb 
would  be  erected  to  the  memory  of  the  founder, 
one  proof  to  my  mind  that  this  represents  the 
judge,  and  not  his  son,  is,  that  we  know  the  former 
was  buried  at  Kirby,  whilst  the  place  of  sepulture 
of  the  latter  is  not  recorded,  and  there  is  no  other 
monument  of  the  Beler  family  in  the  church. 

2ndly.  As  to  the  statement  of  Nichols  (Hist,  of 
Leicestershire,  ii.  225.)  that  Sir  Roger  Beler  at  the 
time  of  his  murder  was  "  then  very  old"  whilst,  as 
J.  G.  N.  asserts,  "  the  effigy,  which  is  engraved 
in  plate  xliii.  of  the  same  volume,  seems  to  repre- 
sent a  very  young  man  in  plate  armour,  and  pro- 
bably of  the  time  of  Edward  the  Third." 

The  engraving  here  referred  to  (which  I  may 
remark  in  passing  appears  to  represent  the  lady 
as  several  years  older  than  her  husband),  although 
giving  a  good  general  idea  of  the  outline  of  the 
figures,  does  not  accurately  show  the  details. 
The  sculpture  itself,  if  my  recollection  serves  me, 
represents  neither  a  very  young  nor  a  very  old 
man  ;  whilst,  instead  of  the  armour  being  entirely 
of  plate,  as  shown  in  the  engraving,  it  is  of  that 
transition  period  during  which  a  considerable 
mixture  of  chain-mail  and  plate  prevailed,  as  I 
find  from  my  notes  made  on  the  spot  that  the 
knight  is  represented  with  the  head  resting  on  the 
tilting-helm,  wearing  the  conical  basinet  with  a 
camail  of  mail  attached;  a  hauberk  of  mail  ap- 
pears below  the  surcoat  or  jupon ;  the  arms  and 
legs  are  in  plate,  with  gussets  of  mail  at  the  arm- 
pits and  insteps  ;  spurs  with  rowels,  and  soleretts 
of  moveable  laminse  on  the  feet.  On  the  surcoat 
appears  the  outline  of  a  lion  rampant,  which  iden- 
tifies the  tomb  as  that  of  a  Beler,  there  being  no 
inscription  on  it. 

Although  these  details  will  enable  us  to  assign 
an  earlier  date  to  the  monument  than  J.  G.  N. 
does,  on  the  supposition  that  pi  ate- armour  only  is 
represented,  it  does  not  certainly  afford  evidence 
sufficiently  conclusive  to  decide  authoritatively 
whether  the  person  represented  is  Sir  Roger 
Beler  the  judge,  or  his  son,  as  similar  examples 
may,  I  believe,  be  found  on  reference  to  Stot- 
hard's  Monumental  Effigies,  Bloxam's  Monumental 
Architecture,  and  other  works,  early  enough  in  date 
for  the  father,  and  late  enough  for  the  son,  as  but 
little  change  appears  to  have  taken  place  in  ar- 
mour about  the  period  in  question. 

It  is  even  possible  that  the  monument  may 
have  been  erected  on  the  death  of  the  judge's 
relict  to  the  memory  of  herself  and  her  murdered 
husband ;  which,  if  so,  would  account  for  the  ar- 
mour represented  being  somewhat  later  in  date 
than  that  used  at  the  period  of  his  death. 

Although  the  date  of  the  judge's  birth  is  not  re- 
corded, we  find  that  his  grandfather  was  Sheriff 
of  Lincolnshire,  40  Henry  III.,  1255-6,  and  the 


508 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  IX.  JUNE  30.  '60. 


earliest  notice  we  have  of  him  is  the  licence  be- 
fore-mentioned to  found  a  cliantry  at  Kirkby,  9 
Edward  II.,  1315-16,  —  a  period  of  sixty  years 
intervening,  in  which  occurred  the  deaths  of  his 
grandfather  and  father,  and,  we  may  assume,  his  own 
birth  ;  and  he  was  murdered  ten  years  later,  viz, 
January  29th,  1326  ;  from  which  (even  on  the  sup- 
position that  his  father  died  comparatively  young) 
it  would  ensue  that  the  judge  could  not  have  been 
a  very  young  man  at  the  time  of  his  murder.  This 
is  still  farther  evinced  by  his  widow  having  sur- 
vived, according  to  Burton  (Hist,  of  Leicester- 
shire, ed.  1777,  p.  138.),  until  the  4th  Richard  II., 
1380-1,  the  long  period  of  fifty-four  years,  and 
the  fact  recorded  in  Foss's  Judges  of  England,  iii. 
231.,  that  "they  had  a  son  Roger  quite  an  infant 
at  the  father's  death." 

3rdly.  The  monument  at  Ashby  Folville,  "said 
to  be  for  old  Folvile  ivho  slew  BelerJ*  is  almost  a 
fac-simile  in  design  with  that  at  Kirby,  although 
of  inferior  material  and  execution,  and  is  clearly 
of  the  same  or  nearly  the  same  period.  The  head, 
however,  rests  on  a  double  cushion  instead  of  on 
the  tilting-helm,  and  it  has  one  peculiarity  which 
I  did  not  mention  in  my  Query,  viz.  a  thin  iron 
rod,  or  spike,  fixed  in  the  right  breast  with  lead, 
and  protruding  several  inches,  which  local  tradi- 
tion asserts  to  represent  the  arrow  by  which  Sir 
Eustace  was  slain  by  one  of  the  judge's  retainers. 
The  quatrefoils  enclosing  shields  on  the  altar- 
tomb  (if  it  be  the  original  tomb)  would  clearly 
point,  as  J.  G.  N,  justly  remarks,  to  a  later  date 
than  that  indicated  by  the  armour. 

4thly.  I  will  not  positively  assert  that  the  effi- 
gies of  the  two  knights  may  not  originally  have 
been  represented  as  armed  with  sword  and  dagger 
attached  to  the  jewelled  bawdrick  still  remaining, 
as  supposed  by  J.  G.  N.;  but  it  is  at  least  ex- 
traordinary that  no  fragments  of  the  one  or  the 
other  weapon  should  be  found  adhering  to  the 
side  of  the  knights,  or  to  the  body  of  the  animal  at 
his  feet,  in  either  instance,  of  which  I  do  not  re- 
collect in  my  examination  of  the  monuments  to 
have  discovered  the  slightest  traces. 

WILLIAM  KELLY. 

Leicester. 


LEONARD  MAG  NALLY. 
(2nd  S.  viii.  281.  341. ;  ix.  392.) 
I  willingly  cooperate  in  the  attempt  made  by 
your  correspondent  FIDELIS  to  produce  any 
available  redeeming  traits  in  the  character  of 
Mac  Nally,  the  paid  counsel  of  the  United  Irish- 
men and  the  secret  pensioner  of  the  Crown.  I 
fear,  however,  it  will  not  be  easy  to  effect  a 
counterpoise.  The  following  letter,  signed  "L.M. 
N.,"  appeared  in  a  Dublin  newspaper  in  the  year 
1817.  Exclusive  of  the  initials,  the  internal  evi- 
dence suggests  that  Mac  Nally  was  the  writer. 


He  was  passionately  fond  of  theatrical?,  and  wrote 
a  number  of  dramatic  pieces.  Mac  Nally's  cham- 
pionship of  the  oppressed  actress  is  creditable;  but 
the  concluding  paragraph  displays  a  species  of 
coquetry  to  which  Mac  Nally  was  sometimes  ad- 
dicted. WILLIAM  JOHN  FITZPATRICK. 
"  To  Mrs.  Edwin. 

"  Madam,  —  In  a  woman  modesty  and  forbearance  are 
amiable  properties.  They  add  grace  to  every  acquisition, 
and  reflect  lustre  upon  the  whole  circle  of  moral  and  in- 
tellectual qualities  —  that  they  reign  supreme  in  your 
mind  is  certain,  and  cherish  with  them  this  elevated 
principle— forgiveness  of  injuries.  Your  choosing  to  en- 
dure the  oppression  of  being  banished  from  the  Stage  by 
managerial  caprice,  and  deprived  of  all  the  rights  and 
immunities  which  the  high  rank  you  hold  in  your  pro- 
fession entitle  you  to,  rather  than  obtrude  your  grievances 
on  the  public,  render  you  (if  possible)  an  object  of  stronger 
interest  than  ever.  Every  honest,  feeling,  and  unpreju- 
diced heart,  must  consider  it  a  DUTY  to  succour  and 
redress  an  unprotected  woman  thus  situated.  Can  the 
Proprietors  of  Crow-street  imagine  the  taste  of  the  Dublin 
audience  so  lamentably  debased,  and  their  standard  of 
admiration  become  so  low,  as  to  prefer  the  wretched  me- 
lange nightly  exhibited  at  the  Theatre,  which  at  times 
would  disgrace  the  Boulevards  of  Paris,  to  the  legitimate 
Drama,  and  your  chaste,  inimitable  performances.?  Thank 
heaven,  we  are  not  yet  quite  so  vitiated ;  we  long  again 
to -distil  sweetness  and  instruction  from  Classical  Plays, 
to  be  again  enlightened  by  the  ethereal  fire  of  intellect, 
and  not  to  feel  the  shackles  of  SUBJUGATION  even  in  our 
amusements.  We  shall  soon  demand  what  we  have  a  right 
to  expect,  your  more  frequent  appearance  —  glimpses  of 
you, 

'  Like  angels'  visits,  short,  and  far  between,' 
will  no  longer  satisfy  us. 

"  In  London  the  Public  are  nightly  given,  at  Covent 
Garden,  the  united  talents  of  Miss  O'Neil  and  Miss  Ste- 
phens, why,  then,  are  we  not  given  Mrs.  Edwin  and  Miss 
Kelly?  Let  the  Managers  attend  to  this  wish  of  the 
Public,  and  it  will  save  all  parties  a  world  of  trouble.  It 
would  prove  a  national  good,  if  legislators  were  obliged 
to  see  that  our  amusements  were  well  selected,  as  intel- 
lectual exhibitions  regulate  and  organize  the  mind,  while 
those  of  frivolity  debase  and  demoralize  it. 

"Before  I  conclude  allow  me,  Madam,  to  inform  you, 
that  while  I  continue  your  Panegyrist  you  shall  never 
know  me —  all  old  men  are  more  or  less  eccentric.  I  have 
my  whims,  and  one  of  them  is,  a  dislike  to  being  thanked 
for  doing  what  I  think  my  duty.  Do  not  be  depressed — 
rest  assured,  'you  are  the  people's  choice!'  and  the  thorns 
that  envy  would  thrust  into  your  wreath  of  laurel  will 
soon  fall  to  the  ground.  Farewell  —  accept  my  wishes, 
that  through  life  your  steps  may  be  strewed  with  flowers 
and  surrounded  with  blessings. 

"  I  remain,  Madam, 

Most  respectfully,  yours, 

L.  M.  N." 


HERALpIC  ENGRAVING. 

(2nd  S.  ix.  371.  450.) 

The  notice  on  this  subject  by  C.  S.  P.  is  very 
interesting.  That  writer  does  not  refer  to  mine, 
and  I  presume  did  not  observe  it. 

I  have  before  me  the  passages  from  the  two 
works  of  Marc  Vulson  de  la  Colombiere,  in  each 
of  which  he  claims,  or  seems  to  claim,  to  be  the 


2**  S.  IX.  JUNE  30.  '60,  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


509 


author  of  the  method  of  rendering  heraldic  tinc- 
tures by  dots  and  lines.  He  calls  it,  in  his  Recueil 
published  in  1639,  "  une  nouvelle  methode  de 
cognoistre  les  metaux  et  couleurs  sur  la  taille 
douce":  and  says  that  it  is  "invention  dontje 
m'asseure  les  Genealogistes  me  sgauront  bon  gre." 
In  his  Science  Heroique,  published  in  1644,  he 
says  of  the  invention,  "  laquelle  a  este  imitee  et 
pratiquee  par  le  docte  Petra  Sancta  au  livre  in- 
titule TessercB  Gentilitice." 

I  cannot  avoid  coming  to  the  conclusion,  either 
that  De  la  Colombiere  was  attempting  a  literary 
piracy,  or,  which  one  prefers  thinking,  was  guilty 
of  a  very  large  oversight  in  his  own  favour.  It 
was  not  in  his  larger  work,  the  Tessera  Gentilities, 
that  Fr.  Silv.  Petrasancta  first  announced  his 
method.  He  did  this,  as  I  mentioned  in  my 
notice  (p.  372.),  in  his  Symbola  Heroica,  pub- 
lished in  1634.  This  date,  1634,  relieves  those 
who  are  interested  in  the  question  from  pur- 
suing any  inquiry  as  to  De  la  Colombiere's  state- 
ment about  the  Tessera  Gentilities  of  1638,  and 
his  own  first  work  of  1639.  He  makes  no  men- 
tion of  the  earlier  work  of  Petrasanctn,  and  con- 
fines his  suggestion  of  imitation  to  the  Tessera, 
1638.  We  may  fairly  assume  that,  as  he  does 
not  mention  the  Symbola,  1634,  in  which  Petra- 
sancta had  announced  his  method  fully,  he  either 
wished  to  avoid  mentioning  what  would  at  once 
disprove  his  own  claim,  or  did  not  know  its  ex- 
istence. However,  a  work  published  in  1634  will 
not  easily  be  accepted  as  containing  an  imitation 
of  a  method  announced  as  new  in  1639.  With|this 
I  think  we  may  finally  dismiss  De  la  Colombiere. 
But  C.  S.  P.  has  introduced  matter  quite  new 
to  me,  and  probably  new  to  many  of  the  heraldic 
readers  of  "  1ST.  &  Q.,"  for  which  all  such  persons 
are  very  much  indebted  to  him.  After  this  evi- 
dence it  must  be  at  once  admitted  that  a  method 
of  rendering  tinctures  by  engraving  was  sug- 
gested before  Petrasancta  announced  his  method 
in  1634.  But  in  the  passage  from  Petrasan  eta's 
Symbola  Heroica,  beginning  "  Sive  autem,"  which 
I  quoted  on  page  372.,  he  seems  to  allude  to  a 
well-known  and  prevailing  opinion  that  colours 
were  rendered  by  different  modes  of  hatching. 
He  does  not  say  that  he  was  the  first  to  propose 
any  method  of  rendering  tinctures :  but  he  pro- 
duces one  .which  was  unquestionably  new,  namely, 
that  which  is  now  familiar  to  usjall.  Purpure  is 
not  mentioned  in  his  Schema.  I  will  here  also 
quote  the  other  passage  in  which  he  announces 
his  method — the  passage  in  his  Tesserae  Gentilitice, 
p.  59.,  now  lying  before  me  :  — 

"  Sed  et  monuerim  etiam  fore,  ut  solius  beneficio  sculp- 
turae,  in  tesseris  gentilitiis,  quas,  cum  occasio  feret,  pro- 
ponam  frequenter,  turn  iconis  turn  are®  seu  metallum 
seu  colorem  Lector  absque  errore  deprehendere  possit. 
Schemata  id  manifestum  reddent :  etenim  quod  punctim 
incidetur,  id  aureum  erit:  argenteum,  quod  fuerit  ex- 
pers  omnis  sculpture,"  &c. 


The  rest  follow  ,*  purpure  is  given  last  but  one. 
And  here  in  1638  we  still  see  Petrasancta  treating 
his  method  as  one  not  generally  known,  by  speak- 
ing of  it  in  the  future  tense. 

It  seems  to  me  that  Fr.  Silvester  Petrasancta 
remains  clearly  possessor  of  the  good  fortune  of 
having  been  the  inventor  of  the  present  most 
useful  method  of  heraldic  engraving,  and  that  he 
is  probably  a  witness  to  the  'fact  that  the  idea  of 
such  a  method,  originally  aesthetic,  did  not  begin 
with  him.  D.  p, 

BURNING  OF  THE  JESUITICAL  BOOKS. 
(2nd  S.  ix.  488.) 

I  have  to  trespass  on  your  kindness  by  asking 
for  space  to  answer  your  correspondent  ERIC,  in 
a  very  few  words ;  although  I  really  feel  disin- 
clined to  weary  your  readers  with  the  ominous 
name,  "  Junius,"  any  more.  But  ERIC  has  put  me 
on  my  defence. 

He  accuses  me  of  "inaccuracy"  of  a  serious 
kind:  —  1.  In  stating  that  the  Jesuitical  books 
were  burnt  at  Paris  in  August,  1761  (the  date  of 
the  arr£t  condemning  them)  ;  whereas,  according 
to  ERIC,  "  the  execution  of  the  arret  was  sus- 
pended for  one  year,"  and  the  burning  really  took 
place  in  August,  1762.  And  he  refers  to  a  pas- 
sage in  "  N.  &  Q."  (1st  S.  x.  323.),  in  which  that 
circumstance  of  the  postponement  is  certainly 
very  confidently  stated. 

The  best  authority  I  can  refer  to  is  the  Journal 
de  Barbier,  that  careful  and  curious  eyewitness 
of  Parisian  life,  whose  Diary  has  been  lately  pub- 
lished. He  says,  under  the  date  Friday,  August  7, 
1761,  after  mentioning  the  condemnation :  "  le 
meme  jour  on  a  exeeuti  TarrSt ;  et  le  bourreau  a 
brule  au  pied  du  grand  escalier  plus  de  25  livres 
ou  ouvrages  faits  anciennement  par  les  Jesuites  " 
(vol.  iv.  p.  407.).  I  should  really  be  glad  to  know 
on  what  evidence  the  notion  of  "  postponement " 
was  founded. 

2.  In  saying  that  Francis  might  have  been  in 
Paris  in  August,  1671,  whereas,  according  to  a 
note  of  Mr.  Wade's  on  Junius,  "  Francis  is  not 
known  to  have  been  in  Paris  that  year  (1761)  ;  he 
is  known  to  have  been  with  Lord  Kinnoul  at  Lis- 
bon, from  which  city  he  returned  to  England  in 
October."  I  have  not  by  me  Mr.  Wade's  note  to 
refer  to.  But  Lord  Kinnoul  left  England  for 
Portugal  on  March  7,  1760;  and  left  Lisbon,  on 
his  return,  Oct.  30,  1760.  I  quote  both  dates 
from  the  Gentleman's  Magazine. 
THE  AUTHOR  OF  "A  FEW  WORDS  ON  JUNIUS  AND 
MACAULAT  "  IN  "  THE  CORNHILL  MAGAZINE." 

GARIBALDI,  AN  IRISH  CELEBRITY. 

(2nd  S.  ix.  424.  494.) 

In  a  recent  number  of  yours  there  appeared  a 
letter  signed  JOHN  IVIBTON  GARSTIN,  referring  to 


510 


KOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»*  S.  IX.  JUNE  30. 


an  account  of  Garibaldi's  Irish  descent  and  birth 
at  Mullinahone.  As  MR.  GARSTIN  appears  anxious 
to  learn  if  there  is  any  truth  in  the  Irish  version 
of  that  great  hero's  history,  allow  me,  as  the  au- 
thor of  the  story,  which  first  appeared  in  the 
Clonmel  Chronicle  (whence  it  was  copied  and 
garbled  without  acknowledgment  by  the  Limerick 
Chronicle\  to  state  for  MR.  GARSTIN'S  informa- 
tion that  my  little  romance  originated  in  the  absurd 
practice  to  which  that  gentleman  refers,  namely, 
that  of  the  Irish  press  claiming  for  Ireland  all  the 
illustrious  foreigners  of  distinction  (without  dis- 
tinction), from  St.  Patrick  of  pious  memory,  who 
(they  sing)  "Came  from  dacent  peaple,  for  his 
mother  kept  a  sheebeen-house,  and  his  father 
built  a  steeple,"  down  to  the  gallant  victor  of 
Magenta. 

Believing  that  the  formidable  list  of  celebrities, 
so  appropriated,  was  incomplete  without  the  name 
of  Garibaldi,  and  at  the  same  time  deeming  him 
eminently  worthy  of  the  honour  I  had  in  view  for 
him,  I  resolved  to  humour  the  national  propen- 
sity for  hero-annexation,  by  conferring  on  him  the 
proud  distinction  of  an  Irish  pedigree,  and,  failing 
my  ability  to  bestow  on  "his  excellency "  any 
territorial  rank,  to  assign  to  him  for  the  place  of 
his  birth  the  classic  town  of  Mullinahone  :  thus 
qualified,  his  glorious  name  has  been  added  to  the 
list  of  Irish  heroes,  in  accordance  with  the  practice 
in  this  country  ;  and,  thanks  to  the  press  of  the 
United  Kingdoms  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland, 
due  publicity  has  been  accorded  to  the  honour 
thus  conferred,  no  doubt  much  to  the  amusement 
and  edification  of  all  political  ornithologists,  who 
could  not  have  failed  to  have  detected  in  the 
widely-circulated  story  a  canard  of  the  rarest 
species.  As  the  bird,  however,  in  the  course  of  its 
flight  has  lost  some  of  its  best  feathers,  and  been 
otherwise  cruelly  mutilated,  and  in  some  instances 
unfairly  appropriated,  I  enclose  a  copy  of  the  ori- 
ginal story  as  furnished  by  me  to  the  editor  of  the 
Clonmel  Chronicle :  — 

"ANOTHER  ILLUSTRIOUS  IRISHMAN! 

"  '  Their  name  is  Legion.' 
"  (From  our  confidential  Correspondent.) 

"  The  public  will  no  doubt  be  surprised  to  learn  that 
the  illustrious  Garibaldi,  whose  fame  has  spread  over  the 
whole  civilised  world,  is  a  native  of  Mullinahone  in  this 
county  (Tipperary),  where  his  father,  as  worthy  a  man 
as  ever  breathed  the  breath  of  life,  kept  a  school.  His 
name  was  Garret  Baldwin,  but  being  much  liked  by  his 
scholars  they  used  to  call  him  playfully,  and  for  shortness 
sake,  old  "  Garry  Baldy."  On  the  death  of  this  excel- 
lent old  gentleman,  his  only  child,  the  gallant  subject  of 
this  notice,  was  left  under  the  cave  of  his  maternal  uncle, 
a  much  respected  priest  of  a  neighbouring  parish,  who, 
having  occasion  some  years  after  to  visit  the  Eternal 
City  on  business  connected  with  his  profession,  resolved 
on  taking  his  young  nephew  with  him,  with  the  view  of 
educating  him  for  the  church.  They  accordingly  pro- 
ceeded to  Rome,  where  the  lad  was  placed  at  college,  but 
his  ardent  temperament  ill  brooked  the  confinement  ^nd 


sedentary  drudgery  which  his  studies  imposed  upon  him  ; 
and  he  therefore  soon  after  took  the  opportunity  of  bid- 
ding a  clandestine  farewell  to  school  and  Rome'together, 
and,  leaving  Rome  by  the  Porta  del  Popolo,  hastily  pro- 
ceeded on  foot  along  the  road  leading  to  the  north. 
After  a  weary  tramp  of  several  days  he  found  himself 
tired  and  footsore  at  Turin,  without  even  a  single  lajoc- 
cho  in  his  pocket.  At  this  juncture,  meeting  with  a  dash- 
ing sergeant  of  the  Sardinian  army,  he  was  induced  to 
enlist,  which  he  did  under  the  pet  name,  of  his  worthy 
father,  which  he  Italianised  for  the  purpose,  and  which 
name  he  has  rendered  illustrious  by  his  heroic  valour,  and 
noble  disinterestedness.  Ireland,  but  especially  Mullina- 
hone, has  just  cause  to  be  proud  of  her  gallant  son." 

GARBY  OWEN. 


DR.  PARR  (2nd  S.  ix.  159.)— The  extract  from 
a  letter  from  David  Love  to  George  Chalmers, 
dated  Feb.  26,  1788,  relating  to  the  eccentricities 
of  Dr.  Parr,  and  given  in  "N.  &  Q.,"  induces  me 
to  offer  another  extract  on  the  same  subject, 
written  by  me,  then  an  under-graduate,  to  my 
father,  from  Cambridge,  in  July,  1818  :  — 

"  Yesterday  I  dined  at  Emanuel  for  the  purpose  of 
meeting  Dr/Parr,  by  whom  a  Harrow  man  is  sure  to 
have  a  cordial  welcome.  Dr.  Butler  (of  Shrewsbury)  * 
dined  there  also.  Dudley  North  f  seems  to  be  very 
popular  in  his  College,  for  they  drank  his  health  after 
dinner.  Parr  spoke  of  him  in"  very  high  terms.  The 
principal  objections  to  the  society  of  the  '  learned  pig ' 
are,  that  he  has  a  more  than  Mahometan  fondness  for 
tobacco,  and  the  smoking  of  a  pipe  is  with  him,  as  with 
the  followers  of  the  prophet,  a  certain  passport  to  friend- 
ship. The  chief  objects  of  his  detestation  seem  to  be  a 
Christchurch  man,  a  Johnian,  a  Welshman,  and  the  Re- 
gent, all  of  whom  suffer  in  turn  under  the  lash  of  his 
invective.  Harrow  and  Trinity  are  the  idols  of  his 
adoration,  so  I  was  safe.  Butler  appears  to  be  a  very 
pleasant  man,  and  much  mor"e  of  a  civilized  being  than 
the  Grecian  Goliah.  By  the  way,  I  must  tell  you  that 
Sheridan's  $  room  was  uninhabitable  for  three  hours  after 
Parr's  dejeuner  fumigations." 

C.  E.  L. 

STOLEN  BRASS  (2nd  S.  ix.  463.)— There  can  be 
no  doubt  that  the  brass  of  Robert  le  Grys,  referred 
to  in  the  communication  to  the  Leicester  Journal, 
quoted  by  MR.  GANTILLON,  was  stolen  from  Bil- 
lingford  church,  near  Diss,  in  Norfolk.  Brasses 
with  inscriptions  to  Christopher  Le  Grys,  the 
father,  and  Christopher  Le  Grys,  the  son,  of  this 
.Robert  who  died  1583,  are  mentioned  by  Blome- 

*  Afterwards  Bishop  of  Lichfield. 

f  Mr.  Dudley  Long,  who  assumed  the  name  of  North, 
and  was  one  of  the  well-known  witty  Parliamentary  as- 
sociates of  the  Whig  party  in  the  Augustan  age  of  Charles 
Fox. 

J  My  lamented  friend,  the  late  Charles  Briusley  Sheri- 
dan. I  well  remember  the  breakfast.  It  was  on  a  Sun- 
day, at  his  lodgings  in  that  little  alley  by  the  church, 
between  the  gates  of  Trinity  and  St.  John's.  The  Doctor 
never  showed  the  slightest  disposition  to  attend  the 
morning  service,  but  when  breakfast  was  over,  said, 
"  Charles,  Charles,  where  are  the  pipes  ?  "  and  they  had 
to  be  sent  for  from  a  neighbouring  public-house.  I  doubt 
if,  in  this  age  of  tobacco,  such  an  outrage  on  propriety 
would  now  be  perpetrated. 


.  IX.  JUNE  30. '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


511 


field  as  being  in  that  church;  but  as  he  says 
nothing  of  this  one,  it  had  probably  been  reaved 
before  his  time.  If  your  correspondent  will  kindly 
put  himself  in  communication  with  the  Rev.  C.  R. 
Manning,  Rector  of  Diss,  there  being  no  resident 
rector  at  Billingford,  he  may  rely  upon  this  me- 
morial, although  more  of  genealogical  than  of 
archaeological  interest,  being  restored  to  its  proper 
locality.  Mr.  Manning's  careful  researches  and 
extensive  information  on  the  subject  of  monu- 
mental brasses  is  well  known.  He  has  recently 
turned  his  attention  to  Indents,  and  has  commu- 
nicated a  most  interesting  and  useful  paper  on 
"  Lost  Brasses  "  to  a  recent  number  of  the  Nor- 
folk Archaeological  Society's  publications.  If 
such  of  your  readers  under  whose  notice  any  stray 
brass  may  come  will  follow  the  example  of  MR. 
GANTILLON,  by  communicating  the  discovery 
through  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  he  may  be  the 
means  of  rendering  important  service  to  archae- 
ology or  history.  G.  A.  C. 

Observing  MR.  GANTILLON'S  communication  in 
this  week's-  "  N.  &  Q.,"  I  take  the  earliest  oppor- 
tunity of  writing  to  you,  to  inform  you  that  I 
have  little  or  no  doubt  that  the  brass  referred  to 
belongs  to  one  of  the  Billingford  parish  churches 
in  Norfolk,  and  that  if  you  will  write  to  Rev.  G. 
H.  Dashwood,  Stow  Bardolph  Rectory,  Norfolk, 
he  will  put  you  in  a  way  of  effecting  a  restoration, 
as  he  has  a  cousin  a  rector  of  one  of  the  Billing- 
fords  referred  to. 

The  clergyman  of  the  other  Billingford,  which 
is  near  Dm,  in  this  county,  is  the  Rev.  G.  A. 
Cooper,  and  in  my  opinion  it  is  this  latter  church 
to  which  the  brass  in  question  refers. 

JOHN  NURSE  CHAD  WICK. 

King's  Lynn. 

GENERAL  BREEZO  (2nd  S.  ix.  484.)  — -  In  "  N. 
&  Q."  of  this  day  (June  23rd),  P.  P.  asks  "  if 
any  one  can  explain  the  origin  of  this  toast  ?  " 
In  giving  the  origin  I  always  understood  it 
to  have  merited,  it  should  be  accompanied  by 
another,  termed  the  bumper-toast,  which  used  to 
precede  it  in  days  of  yore,  in  what  was  con- 
sidered the  good  old  Catholic  times,  after  the 
French  language  had  been  introduced  here  by 
our  Norman  invaders.  The  great  toast  of  the 
day  in  those  times  was  the  Pope,  holy  father,  Bon 
Pere,  or  bumper,  which  being  generally  the  final 
toast  on  great  festive  occasions,  it  was  considered 
that  the  glasses  would  be  desecrated  by  being 
ever  again  used ;  they  were  consequently  smashed, 
when  the  presiding  host  directed  a  Brisee  generale, 
or,  according  to  the  English  version,  a  General 
Breeso. 

This  toast  was  so  general  at  military  messes  in 
my  younger  days  that  I  heard  it  frequently  ob- 
served by  foreigners  that  this  General  Breezo 
must  have  been  a  very  celebrated  commander, 


his  health  having  been  so  frequently  and  so 
enthusiastically  drank,  although  they  never  could 
discover  his  name  in  any  of  our  military  annals. 

In  giving  this  version  to  P.  P.,  if  he  is  a  parish 
priest,  he  is  not,  I  presume,  one  of  the  papal 
sect,  otherwise  he  would  in  all  probability  be 
more  conversant  with  Le  Bon  Pere  et  La  brisee 
generale.  JOHN  SCOTT  LILLIE. 

LIBRARY  DISCOVERED  AT  WILLSCOT,  co.  OX- 
FORD (2nd  S.  ix.  461.) — The  discovery  said  to 
have  been  made  in  the  old  glebe-house  at  Wills- 
cot  is  certainly  very  interesting,  if  true  ;  but  a- 
suspicion  arises  from  its  not  having  been  made 
earlier  or  more  generally  known,  though  stated 
to  have  occurred  in  last  December.  And,  besides, 
why  should  an  Oxfordshire  discovery  rest  upon 
the  authority  of  the  Southern  Times  ?  But  if  the 
discovery  really  took  place  in  Dec.  1859,  and  was 
as  described,  of  a  "  closet  containing  about  fifty 
volumes,  probably  concealed  therein  during  the 
early  days  of  the  Reformation,"  then  it  will  be 
most  desirable  that  the  literary  world  should  be 
furnished  with  a  catalogue  of  the  whole  library 
thus  recovered,  together  with  the  dates  of  each 
publication  comprised  in  it,  which  would  deter- 
mine whether  the  conjecture  can  be  maintained, 
that  they  were  secreted  during  the  perilous  days 
of  persecution. 

That  religious  books  were  sometimes  "  bricked 
up  "  in  closets  and  walls,  we  know  from  the  con- 
temporary anecdotes  of  Edward  Underbill,  the 
"hot  gospeller,"  who  had  recourse  to  this  plan 
himself.  He  tells  us  that,  shortly  after  the  coro- 
nation of  Queen  Mary  and  King  Philip,  there 
began  in  London  — 

"  the  cruelle  parsecusyone  off  the  prechers,  and  earnest 
professors  and  followers  off  the  gospelle,  andshearchynge 
off  men's  bowses  for  ther  bokes.  Wherefore  I  goott  olde 
Henry  Daunce,  the  brekeleyer  off  Whytechappelle,  who 
used  to  preche  the  gospelle  in  his  gardene  every  haly- 
daye,  where  I  have  sene  a  thowsande  people,  he  dyde 
inclose  my  bokes  in  a  bryke  walle  by  the  chemnyes  syde 
in  my  chamber,  where  they  weare  presarved  from  mol- 
dynge  or  mice,  untylle  the  fyrste  yere  off  ower  most  gra- 
cyouse  quene  Elisabeth." — (Narratives  of  the  Days  of  the 
Reformation,  printed  for  the  Camden  Society,  1860,  p. 
171.) 

If  the  correspondents  of  "  N.  &  Q."  are  re- 
minded of  other  instances  of  resort  having  been 
had  to  such  means  of  preserving  books,  I  would 
request  their  communication. 

JOHN  GOUGH  NICHOLS. 

"  His  PEOPLE'S  GOOD,"  ETC.  (2nd  S.  ix.  281.)  — 

"  Simul  olim  legislator!  Mosi  sanguine  vescendum  non 
esse  mandavit  Deus,  simul  ab  istiusmodi  cibo  abstinere 
debere  a  praeconibus  gratiae  est  constitutum.  Et  quan- 
quam  turn  veteris  turn  novae  gratiae  tempore  ilia  res  vilis 
habita  sit,  et  nefaria ;  eo  tamen  contumacies,  imo  vecor- 
diae  homines  processere,  ut  neutri  legi  aurem  prtestent 
morigeram.  At  contra  alii  lucri,  alii  guise,  causa,  summa 
cum  impudentia  mandatum  conteinnunt,  in  escam  que 


512 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  IX.  JUNE  30.  '60. 


vesci  vetitum  est,  sanguinem  convertunt.  Perlatum  enim 
ad  aures  nostras  est,  quod  intestinis  tanquam  tunicis 
ilium  infaretum,  velut  consuetum  aliquem  cibum  ventri 
prsebeant.  Quod  tolerari  non  debere  Imperatpria  nostra 
majestas  rata,  neque  tarn  impio  soli  gulae  inhiantium 
hominum  invento,  nunc  praecepta  divina,  nunc  reipublica? 
nostrse  honestatem  declecore  offici  sustinens,  jubet  ne  quid 
id  scelus,  neque  ad  suum  usum,  neque  ut  emptores  detes- 
tando  cibo  contaminentur,  ullo  modo  exercere  audeat. 
At  sciat  quicunque  dehinc  divinum  mandatum  contem- 
nere,  sanguinemque  in  cibum  convertere,  sive  vendat  sive 
emat,  deprehensus  fuerit,  se  bonornm  publicatione  subji- 
ciendum,  et  ubi  in  acerbum  modum  flagris  caesus,  ac 
cute  tenus  fcede  tonsus  erit,  perpetuo  patriae  exilio  mul- 
tandum  esse."  —  Imp.  Leonis  Constitutio  Iviii.,  Corpus 
Juris  Civilis,  Amsterdam,  1700,  ii.  745. 

FlTZHOPKINS. 
Garrick  Club. 

THE  OILET  HERO  (2nd  S.  ix.  345.)  —  Ajax,  son 
of  Oileus,  having  survived  the  "  slaughter  "  of  the 
Trojan  campaign,  and  escaped  any  immediate  pun- 
ishment for  his  very  unhandsome  treatment  of 
Cassandra,  whom  (to  say ;  no  more)  he  dragged 
from  the  altar  of  Minerva,  was  sailing  home,  wnen 
the  goddess  upset  his  boat,  as  some  say  by  a  thun- 
derbolt — 

"Ipsa,  Jovis  rapidum  jaculata  e  nubibus  ignem, 
Disjecitque  rates,  evertitque  sequora  ventis." 

JEn.  i.  43. 

Virgil  makes  the  thunderbolt  kill  the  hero  ;  but, 
according  to  better  authority,  he  "  Escaped  "  the 
"fire,"  when  Neptune  helped  him  to  scramble  to 
a  rock,  and  he  would  have  been  saved,  had  he  not 
presumptuously  declared  that,  in  spite  of  the  gods, 
he  would  escape  the  perils  of  the  sea.  Hereupon 
Neptune  split  the  rock  with  his  trident;  Ajax  fell 
back  into  the  sea,  and  almost  in  the  words  of 
Nestor  to  Menelaus  (Od.  5.  511.)  died  of  drink- 
ing water. 

*£2s  6  [lev  evB'  o.ir6\ta\ev,  67rec  irifV  a\fivpov  vSiap. 

The  allusion  to  wine,  I  cannot  explain. 

C.  S.  P. 

LES  CHAUFFEURS  (2nd  S.  ix.  449.)— W.  D.  will 
find  a  very  full  and  interesting  account  of  "  Les 
Chauffeurs  "  in  the  first  volume  of  the  new  edition 
of  the  Causes  Celebres  by  A.  Fouquier,  pub- 
lished in  Paris  in  1857.  J.  H*  W. 

PETER  BASSET  (2nd  S.  ix.  424.)— To  the  refer- 
ence to  this  writer  contained  in  Hall's  Chronicle, 
which  I  first  pointed  out  in  1844,  and  which  MR. 
J.  G.  NICHOLS  cites  at  length,  I  can  now  add  evi- 
dence from  one  of  Hearne's  works  that  he  was 
also  acquainted  with  Basset's  writings.  In  his 
Preface  to  Thomas  Elmham's  Vita  et  Gesta  Hen.  V. 
(8vo.  Oxon.,  1727,  p.  xxxi.),  he  says  : 

"  Quemadmodum  et  Gallica  item  aliquam  multa,  hinc 
inde  in  codicibus  MSS.  non  paucis  dispersa  (Petri  Bas- 
seti  et  Christophori  Hansoni  inprimis  adversaria,  potius 
quam  historiam,  imperfecta,  in  bibliotheca  collegii  Fecia- 
lium)  susque  deque  habuimus,"  etc. 

The  only  entry  in  Mr.  Black's  Catalogue  of  the 
Arundel  MSS.  in  the  College  of  Arms,  which  can 


at  all  answer  to  this  description,  is  that  of  one 
article  in  the  volume  of  William  of  Worcester's 
Collections,  to  which  MR.  NICHOLS  refers  (MS. 
XL vin.  art.  66.),  which  is  thus  described  by  Mr. 
Black  :  — 

"  A  History  of  Henry  the  Fifth's  Wars  in  France, 
f.  236.  The  two  quires  on  which  this  article  is  written 
were  probably  a  portion  of  a  larger  work.  This  History 
is  divided  into  chapters:  the  first  being  entitled  'Com- 
ment les  ambassadeurs  du  Roy  Dangleterre  vindrent  en 
France,  lesquelz  sommerent  le  Roy  de  France  de  rendre 
les  .terres  appartenantes  au  Roy  Dangleterre.  En  Ian 
mil  xiiij.  ou  mois  de  Juing.'  The  last  chapter  is  entitled, 
'Comme  le  Roy  de  France  Charles  mourut  au  bois  de 
Vincennes:'  and  ends,  *  son  noble  sane  et  lignage.'" — 
f.  269. 

If  this  be  not  the  work  referred  to  by  Hearne, 
can  Basset's  and  Hanson's  Adversaria  be  pre- 
served among  the  more  purely  heraldic  portions 
of  the  library  of  the  College  ?  W.  D.  MACRAY. 

WITTY  RENDERINGS  (2nd  S.  ix.  116.  246.  332. 
413.)  —  Hardouin,  hominum  paradoxotatos,  the 
French  scholar,  theologian,  and  antiquary  of  the 
seventeenth  century,  asserted  that,  with  the  ex- 
ception of  Homer,  Herodotus,  Cicero,  the  elder 
Pliny,  the  Georgics,  and  Horace's  Epistles  and 
Satires,  all  the  classical  works  of  antiquity  were 
monkish  fabrications  of  the  thirteenth  century. 
Consistently  with  this  theory  respecting  classical 
texts,  he  maintained  that  scarcely  a  single  ancient 
coin  was  genuine,  but  that  all  were  forged  by  the 
Benedictines.  He  farther  maintained  that  each 
letter  on  the  inscription  of  a  coin  did  duty  for  an 
entire  word.  "  Quite  so,"  said  an  antiquarian 
friend';  I- see  what  you  mean  : — those  words,  CON. 
OB.,  which  archaeologists  are  such  fools  as  to  read 
Constantinopoli  Obsignatum,  evidently  signify, 
according  to  your  view,  Cusi  Omnes  Nummi  Of- 
ficina-  Benedictina."  Le  pere  Hardouin^  it  is 
said,  "  sentit  1'inouie,  mais  il  garda  son  opinion." 

F.  S. 

"There  is  an  old  maxim,  de  minimis  non  curat  lex, 
which,  I  think,  may  fairly  be  translated  « Do  not  legislate 
for  feather  weights.'  "  —  Earl  Granville,  House  of  Lords, 
June  12,  in  the  Debate  on  the  Light  Weight  Racing 
Bill. 

R.  F.  SKETCHLEY. 

ST.  MADRYN  (2nd  S.  ix.  445.)  — In  the  Supple- 
ment to  the  British  Martyrology,  this  saint  is  thus 
mentioned :  — 

"  June  9.  In  North  Wales,  the  festivity  of  St.  Madryn, 
confessor.  (Willis.)" 

In  the  Memorial  of  British  Piety,  London,  1761 
(p.  79.).,  there  is  another  saint  commemorated  : 
St.  Madern,  or  Madren,  which  name,  if  not  the 
same  as  Madryn,  is  as  likely  as  it  to  be  derived 
from  Makedranus,  especially  as  there  is  a  well  or 
fountain  in  both  cases.  He  is  thus  commemo- 
rated :  — 

"  May  17.  In  Cornwall,  not  far  from  the  Land's  End, 
the  commemoration  of  St.  Madern,  or  Madren,  confessor : 


2nd  S.  IX.  JUNE  30.  '60.  J 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


613 


where  there  is  a  chapel  and  a  well  called  from  his  name, 
which  by  a  remain  of  ancient  devotion  used  to  be  particu- 
larly frequented  on  the  Thursdaj'S  in  May,  and  more 
especially  on  Corpus  Christi  day.  Here,  in  the  year  1640, 
John  Trelille,  who  had  been  an  absolute  cripple  for  six- 
teen years,  and  was  obliged  to  crawl  upon  his  hands,  by 
reason  of  the  close  contraction  of  the  sinews  of  his  legs, 
upon  three  several  admonitions  in  his  dream,  washing  in 
St.  Madern's  well,  and  sleeping  afterwards  in  what  was 
called  St.  Madern's  bed,  was  suddenly  and  perfectly  cured : 
so  that « I  saw  him,'  says  Bishop  Hall  (in  his  Treatise  of 
the  Invisible  World,  b.  i.  sect.  8.),  « able  to  walk  and  get 
his  own  maintenance.'  This  Protestant  prelate,  who  was 
at  that  time  the  Bishop  of  the  diocese,  in  his  visitation, 
as  he  tells  us  in  the  same  place,  *  besides  the  attestation 
of  many  hundreds  of  the  neighbours,  took  a  strict  and 
personal  examination  of  the  case,  and  found  the  whole  to 
be  unquestionable.'  '  Here  wag  neither  art  nor  collusion,' 
says  he, '  the  thing  was  done  —  the  author  invisible.'  " 

JOHN  WILLIAMS. 
Arno's  Court. 

BURIAL,  IN  A  SITTING  POSTURE  (2nd  S.  ix.  44.) 
—  A  case  of  interment  of  this  particular  kind 
carne  under  my  notice  not  lon^  ago  in  the  church- 
yard of  S.  Leonard's,  Shoreditch.  A  high  head- 
stone, which  stands  within  a  few  feet  of  the  iron 
railing  bounding  this  churchyard,  has  an  inscrip- 
tion which  may  be  read  from  the  public  road,  and 
it  commences  thus:  "  1807.  Dr.  John  Gardner's 
last  and  best  bed-room,"  &c.  This  person  (so  I 
was  informed  by  the  sexton)  was  buried  in  an 
erect  posture,  at  his  own  desire.  W.  B.  CAPARN. 

MORS  MORTIS  MORTI  (2nd  S.  ix.  445.)  — These 
lines  are  to  be  met  with  as  an  epitaph  in  the 
churchyard  of  Alford,  Lincolnshire.  I  remember 
to  have  seen  them  on  a  head-stone  there  some 
years  ago.  I  will  add  another  translation  of 
these  curious  lines  :  — 

"  Unless  by  death,  the  Death  of  death, 

A  death  to  death  had  given ; 

For  ever  had  been  closed  to  man 

The  sacred  gates  of  Heaven." 

W.  B,  CAPARN. 

Although  not  able  to  give  W.  B.  the  author  of 
the  above  Latin  distich,  no  doubt  he  will  be  glad 
of  the  following  translation  :  — 

"  Had  (Christ)  the  death  of  death  to  death 

Not  given  death  by  dying : 
The  gates  of  Life  had  never  been 
To  mortals  open  lying." 

JOSEPH. 

This  distich  is  cut  on  the  tombstone  of  Rev. 
Fyge  (?)  Jauncey,  in  the  churchyard  of  Castle- 
Camps,  Cambridgeshire ;  but  whether  by  him  I 
am  not  aware.  P.  J.  F.  GANTILLON. 

FANSHAW'S  TL  PASTOR  FIDO  (2nd  S.  ix.  464.)  — 
My  copy  of  the  1664  edition  of  this  work  has  the 
4to.  portrait  of  Guarini,  After  the  two  dedica- 
tions to  Charles  Prince  of  Wales,  Denham's  verses, 
and  the  dramatis  persouce,  is  a  frontispiece  of  Alfeo, 
a  river  of  Arcadia,  which  faces  the  prologue.  // 
Pastor  Fido  occupies  207  pages,  and  on  page  209 


(to  page  320.)  commence  "  The  Additional 
Poems,"  which  include,  among  many  others,  two 
Odes  on  the  Civil  Wars  of  Rome,  the  Escurial, 
the  Progress  of  Learning,  Dido  and  ./Eneas,  &c. 

L.  JEWITT. 
Derby. 

WESTMINSTER  HALL  (2nd  S.  ix.  463.)  —  In 
Knight's  London,  at  the  conclusion  of  the  article 
on  Westminster  Hall,  occurs  the  following  pas- 
sage :— 

"  Many  different  accounts  have  been  given  of  the  di- 
mensions of  the  Hall,  and  in  consequence  we  hardly  know 
what  authority  to  trust  to.  Mr.  Barry's,  we  presume, 
must  be  from  actual  admeasurement ;  and  thl1  result  is, 
239  feet  long,  68  feet  wide,  and  90  feet  high." 

J.  H.  W. 

"  NOUVEAU  TESTAMENT  PAR  LES  THEOLOGIENS 
DE  LOUVAIN.  Bourdeaux,  1686  "  (2nd  S.  ix.  307.) 
— It  may  be  of  interest  to  MR.  LLOYD  to  know  that 
a  copy  of  this  most  rare  book  was  in  the  collec- 
tion of  the  Bishop  of  Cashel  at  Waterford,  and 
was  sold  at  the  auction  of  his  most  rare  books  by 
Messrs.  Sotheby  &  Wilkinson,  on  the  26th  of 
June,  1858.  It  was  purchased  for  62 L  by  a  Mr. 
Thompson.  I  do  not  know  his  address,  or  where 
it  is  now  deposited. 

The  following  is  the  description  given  of  it  in 
the  Catalogue,  where  it  was  numbered  259. :  — 

"  This  remarkable  book  consists  of  two  portions,  the 
first  containing  the  Gospel  and  Acts,  pages  1.  to  414. ;  be- 
sides title,  approbation,  and  names  of  the  books,  &c.,  two 
learns ;  the  second,  the  Epistle  of  St.  Paul,  the  Catholic 
Epistles,  and  the  Apocalypse,  followed  by  a  table,  pages 
1.  to  352.,  Title  and  Abridgement  of  the  Travels  and  Life 
of  St.  Paul,  two  leaves. 

"  The  learned  Bishop  Kidder  searched  for  some  years 
before  he  could  obtain  a  sight  of  this  edition  of  the  New- 
Testament,  so  carefully  had  it  been  suppressed,  and  so 
completely  silent  are  writers  (prior  to  his  time)  as  to 
its  existence.  In  truth  it  is  one  of  the  rarest  of  all  modern 
books.  Besides  its  excessive  rarity,  it  is  peculiarly  in- 
teresting to  the  Biblical  student,  on  account  of  the  nu- 
merous deviations  from  the  original  text  (as  to  the  Mass, 
Purgatory,  &c.)  exhibited  in  it.  These  attracted  notice 
soon  after  its  publication,  and  Bishop  Kidder  published 
a  small  tract  relative  to  them  in  1690;  attention  was 
again  called  to  it  by  the  Rev.  Richard  Grier,  D.D.,  in 
his  answer  to  Thomas  Ward's  Errata  of  the  Protestant 
Bible,  Dub.  1812,  and  still  later  by  a  reprint  of  Dr. 
Kidder's  reflections,  with  a  Memoir  of  the  translation  by 
Dr.  Henry  Cotton,  Lond.  1812,  to  which  work  the  curious 
reader  is  referred.  Literary  history  scarcely  furnishes  a 
parallel  for  so  gross  a  fraud  as  is  in  this  volume  perpe- 
trated. Not  more  than  seven  or  eight  copies  are  known 
to  exist." 

In  an  able  and  interesting  work  by  Joseph 
Browne,  intitled  Browne' 's  Lectures  on  Ward's  ^Er- 
rata (J.  Nisbet  &  Co.,  London.  8vo.)  published 
last  year,  there  are  copious  extracts  given  from 
it.  In  his  first  lecture,  at  pages  47.  and  following 
as  far  as  page  56.  the  extracts  are  very  full. 

The  following  is  the  correct  title  of  the  book  : 

"Le  Nouveau  Testament  de  n6tre  Seigneur  Jesus 
Christ,  traduit  de  Latin  en  Francois  par  les  Th&>logiens 


514 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IX.  JUNE  80.  '60. 


de  Louvain ;  ini prime  &  Bourdeaux  chez  Jacques  Mon- 
giron  Melanges,  Imprimeur  du  Roi  et  da  College,  avec 
approbation  et  permission.  M.DCLXXXVI." 

THOS.  GIMLETTE,  Clk. 
Waterford  Cathedral  Library. 

REV.  GEORGE  OLIVER,  D.D.  (2nd  S.  ix.  404.) 
— The  following  is  a  list  of  the  works  of  the  above 
learned  and  venerable  divine,  which  was  furnished 
by  himself :  — 

Historic  Collections  relating  to  the  Monasteries  of 
Devon,  8vo.  1820. 

History  of  Exeter,  8vo.  1821. 

Ecclesiastical  Antiquities  of  Devon,  3  vols. ;  a  fourth  is 
expected  soon  to  appear. 

Collections  for  a  Biography  of  the  Members  of  the 
Society  of  Jesus. 

Cliffordiana,  privately  printed,  1828. 

Collections  towards  illustrating  the  Biography  of  the 
Scotch,  English,  and  Irish  Members  of  the  Society  of 
Jesus.  1st  edition,  Exeter,  1838 ;  2nd  edition,  London, 
1845. 

Monasticon  Exoniense,  1846. 

Collections  illustrating  the  History  of  the  Catholic 
Religion  in  Cornwall,  Devon,  Dorset,  Somerset,  Wilts, 
and  Gloucestershire,  1857. 

Dr.  Oliver  had  also  much  to  do  with  editing  West- 
cote's  MS.  View  of  Devon,  4to.  1845,  and  with  the  Liber 
Pontificalis  of  Edmund  Lacv,  Bishop  of  Exeter,  pub- 
lished in  1847. 

This  indefatigable  author  is  ready  now  to  pub- 
lish the 

Biography  of  the  Bishops  of  Exeter,  with  the  History 
ofi their  Cathedral:  also, 

The  Civil  History  of  Exeter,  with  the  Biography  of 
its  Worthies. 

No  portrait  has  ever  been  published  of  the 
venerable  Dr.  Oliver.  F.  C.  H. 

TYBURN  GALLOWS  (2nd  S.  ix.  471.)  — In  the 
year  1785  William  Capon  made  a  sketch  of  this 
locality.  At  the  foot  of  a  drawing  made  by  him 
from  this  sketch  in  the  year  1818  are  the  following 
notes  in  his  handwriting,  which  confirm  the  sug- 
gestion of  your  correspondent  J.  D.  as  to  the 
position  of  the  gallows :  — 

"  William  Capon  del.  1785.  pinxt.  1818. 

"  View  looking  across  Hyde  Park,  taken  from  a  one 
pair  of  stairs  window  at  the  last  house  at  the  end  of 
Upper  Seymour  Street,  Edgeware  Road,  facing  where 
Tyburn  formerly  was.  The  Eastern  end  of  Connaught 
Place  is  now  built  on  the  very  plot  of  ground,  then  oc- 
cupied by  a  Cowlair,  and  Dust  and  Cinder  heaps,  &c. 

"The  shadow  on  the  right  in  the  Edgeware  Road  is 
produced  by  one  of  the  three  Galleries  which  were  then 
standing,  from  which  people  used  to  see  Criminals  exe- 
cuted. They  were  standing  in  1785,  at  which  time  the 
original  sketch  was  made  from  which  the  picture  is 
done. 

"  There  were'then  five  rows  of  Walnut  Trees  in  Hyde 
Park  running  North  and  South  ;  they  were  very  old,  and 
growing  much  decayed,  were  cut  down  about  15  or  20 
years  since,  and  gun  stocks  made  of  the  wood  of  them. 

"  There  is  a  cowyard  in  front  with  wooden  buildings 
covered  with  tiles  —  a  wooden  post  and  rail  separates  it 
from  the  Uxbridge  Road,  and  beyond  on  the  other  side 
of  the  road  is  Hyde  Park  wall." 

J.  H.  W. 


VESTIGIA  NTJLLA  RETRORSUM  (2nd  S.  ix.  170.) 
—  With  reference  to  the  communication  of  DR. 
DORAN,  I  beg  to  explain  that  the  above  is  not 
the  family  motto  of  the  Earls  of  Buckinghamshire, 
who  are  Hobarts  by  descent,  but  is  now  borne 
by  them  in  lieu  of  their  paternal  one,  "Auctor 
pretiosa  facit,"  as  the  acknowledged  motto  of 
Hampden,  it  having  been  assumed,  together  with 
the  name,  by  the  fifth  earl  on  succeeding  to  the 
estates  of  the  last  Viscount  Hauipden  in  1824; 
the  fourth  Lord  Trevor  having  been  so  created 
in  1776,  assuming  the  name  and  arms  of  Hampden, 
"  in  compliance  with  the  last  will  and  testament 
of  John  Hampden  of  Great  Hampden  in  the  co. 
of  Bucks,  Esq."  (Vide  Debrett,  ed.  1819,  vol.  i. 
p.  398.)  In  this  edition  the  translation  given  of 
the  above  motto  is,  "  There  are  no  traces  back- 
ward," certainly  more  correct  than  that  given  in 
later  editions,  and  the  words  acquire  a  peculiar 
significance  when  viewed  as  "  the  motto  of  the 
celebrated  Hampden,"  from  whom  they  have 
doubtless  descended  to  us,  and  in  connection  with 
whom  the  later  applications  of  them  lose  much  of 
their  originality  and  force. 

HENRY  W.  S.  TAYLOR. 

HTJNTERCOMBE  HOUSE  (2nd  S.  ix.  327.)—"  The 
Old  House  of  Huntercombe,*or  Berenice's  Pil- 
grimage," is  the  title  of  a  story  which  was  Miss 
Jane  Porter's  share  in  a  work  entitled  Tales  round 
a  Winter  Hearth,  and  published  by  her  and  her 
sister  jointly.  I  have  often  wondered  that  it  has 
never  been  reprinted.  It  is  many  years  since  I 
read  it,  and  have  quite  forgotten  how  Hunter- 
combe  House  is  introduced.  The  story  is  of  the 
time  of  the  Crusades,  and  the  scene  is  chiefly,  if 
not  entirely,  in  the  East.  Miss  Porter  owned 
that  it  was  the  most  interesting  to  herself  of  all 
her  works,  for  it  took  her  with  her  heroine  to 
Mount  Olivet  and  Jerusalem.  E.  H.  A. 

LAW  OF  SCOTLAND  (2nd  S.  ix.  446.) — QUERIST 
may  be  informed  that  by  the  law  of  Scotland  a 
person  may  assume  any  name  he  pleases,  provided 
he  does  so  with  no  illegal  object.  He  will  find 
authority  for  this  in  the  thirteenth  volume  of  Shaw 
and  Dunlop's  Reports,  pp.  262 — 3. ;  but  what 
QUERIST  alludes  to,  as  to  a  man  adding  his  mo- 
ther's name  to  his  own  after  her  death,  is  a  thing 
quite  unknown  practically  in  Scotland,  except 
one  is  under  an  obligation  to  do  so  on  succeeding . 
to  a  mother's  property.  G.  J. 

FOUR-BLADED  CLOVER  (2nd  S.  ix.  381.) — J.  N. 

asks  some  corroboration  for  belief  in  this  incanta- 
tion, and  I  may  mention  that  in  the  West  as  well 
as  in  the  "  far  North"  of  our  country,  although 
the  belief  has  not  fairly  died  out,  it  is  in  a  rapid 
state  of  decay.  Boys  and  girls  in  their  summer 
rambles  in  the  fields  may  yet  sometimes  be  dis- 
covered carefully  searching  for  the  four-leafed 
clover,  not  however  as  an  object  of  superstition, 


2°d  S.  IX.  JUNE  30.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


515 


but  as  one  of  curiosity,  being  extremely  rare  to 
be  found. 

Its  use  in  dispersing  the  power  of  "  glamour," 
or  of  witchcraft,  has  been  famous  since  the  most 
ancient  times  ;  indeed  nobody  knows  how  long.  A 
curious  illustration  may  be  cited  from  the  Last 
Battell  of  the  Soule  in  Death,  by  Mr.  Zachary 
Boyd,  1629  (p.  68. ;  reprint,  1831,  p.  24.),  wherein 
"the  Pastour"  says  to  "  The  Sicke  Man"  :  — 

"  Sir  —  it  shall  bee  your  farre  best  to  suffer  the  loue  of 
Christ  swallow  vp  the"  loue  and  all  other  considerations 
of  worldlie  thinges,  as  Moses  his  serpent  swallowed  vp  the 
serpent  of  the  Magicians.  Whateuer  seemeth  pleasant 
into  this  world  vnto  the  naturall  eye,  it  is  but  by  jug- 
gling of  the  senses :  If  we  haue  the  grace  of  God,  this 
grace  shall  be  indeede  like  as  a  foure-nooked  Clauer,  is  in 
the  opinion  of  some,  viz.  a  most  powerfull  meanes  against 
the  juggling  of  the  sight:  If  wee  could  seeke  this  grace, 
it  would  let  vs  see  the  vanitie  of  such  thinges  which  be- 
guile the  natural  senses." 

G.K 

TITLE  or  THE  CROSS  (2nd  S.  ix.  437.)— Corne- 
lius &  Lapide,  who  died  in  1637,  in  his  Com- 
mentary on  St.  Matthew,  ii.  23,  and  xxvii.  37., 
gives  a  description  of  this  holy  relic,  which  he 
says  he  had  often  seen  and  venerated,  in  the 
church  of  the  Holy  Cross  in  Rome.  He  testifies 
that  it  is  very  imperfect,  and  that  nothing  re- 
mains of  the  inscription  but  the  word  Nazarenus, 
written  in  Greek  and  Roman  characters,  in  the 
Hebrew  manner,  from  right  to  left.  The  Hebrew 
letters,  he  says,  are  so  much  worn  away  that  only 
the  tops  or  ends  of  them  are  discernible.  An 
engraving  of  the  title  was  published  by  Bosius, 
De  Cruce  Triumphante,  lib.  i.  cap.  11.  It  ap- 
pears that  the  letters  were  red,  and  that  the  board 
was  painted  white.  Alban  Butler  says  it  was  so 
when  discovered  in  the  leaden  case  in  1492,  but 
that  these  colours  are  since  faded.  He  gives  the 
present  length  of  the  board  as  nine  inches,  but 
says  it  must  have  been  twelve.  A  friend  who 
inspected  this  sacred  relic  only  a  few  years  ago, 
brought  from  Rome  an  engraving  of  the  title  in 
its  present  state,  which  he  showed  me,  and  no 
doubt  such  engravings  are  easily  procured. 

F.  C.  H. 

EXETER  DOMESDAY  (2nd  S.  ix.  386.)  —  May  I 
ask  your  learned  correspondent  M.A.,  OXON.,  to 
put  on  record  the  earliest  date  of  possession  of 
property  in  Devon  by  the  De  Spineto  family  (De 
Thome) :  by  so  doing  he  will  much  oblige 

D'ESPINE. 

HALFPENNY  or  GEORGE  II.  (2nd  S.  ix.  426.)  — 
With  reference  to  a  Query  from  J.  MN.  about  a 
halfpenny  of  George  II.,  1731-2, 1  take  leave  to 
say  that  I  have  a  couple  of  them  in  my  cabinet, 
and  that  if  J.  MN.  had  seen  any  that  had  not  been 
rubbed  he  would  not  in  them  perceive  any  trace 
of  the  rat.  I  have  heard  that  on  a  Jacobite  re- 
marking that  the  Hanoverian  rat  was  running  up 
Britannia,  a  Whig  replied,  turning  over  the  coin, 


"  Here's  the  cat  to  catch  him ! "  and  if  the  head  be 
rubbed,  the  likeness  to  a  cat  is  as  good  as  that  to 
the  rat  on  the  other  side — the  leaves  of  the  laurel 
forming  the  ears  and  a  small  hole  beneath  the 
eye ;  while  the  outline  of  the  back  of  the  head 
makes  a  capital  resemblance  of  a  cat's  back  :  both 
cases  being  of  course  quite  accidental. 

H.  T.  HUMPHREYS. 

HUGH  BE  CRESSINGHAM  (2nd  S.ix.388.) —  Some 
"  trace  "  of  Hugh  de  Cressingham,  temp.  Edward 
I.,  is  found  in  The  Life  and  Acts  of  Sir  William 
Wallace,  by  Henry  the  Minstrel,  4to.,  Edin.  1820, 
edited  by  Dr.  Jamieson — Buke  Sewynd  v.  1171-2., 
he  appears  in  the  command  of  a  portion  of  the 
English  army  at  the  battle  of  Stirling  Bridge  :  — 

"  Hew  Kertyngayrne  the  wantgard  ledis  he, 
With  twenty  thousand  of  likly  *  men  to  se." 

Dr.  Jamieson  states  in  his  Notes,  "  He  is  called 
Kirhinghame  in  editions.  But  the  person  meant 
was  Cressingham,  an  ecclesiastic  who  was  the 
king's  treasurer,"  "  a  pompous  and  haughty  man," 
says  Hemingford,  "  who  hurried  on  the  battle  in 
opposition  to  the  counsel  of  Lundie  and  others." 
(Hist.  pp.  118.  127.  129.) 

Of  his  fate  in  that  conflict,  v.  1194-1200  :  — 

"  Wallace  on  fute  f  a  gret  scharp  sper  J  he  bar ; 
Amang  the  thikest  off  the  press  he  gais, 
On  Kertyngayme  a  straik  chosyn  he  hais 
In  the  byrnes  §,  that  polyst  was  full  brycht. 
The  punyeand  hed  the  plattis  persyt  rvcht, 
Throuch'the  body  stekit  ||  him  but  reskew, 
Derffly  f  to  dede'**  that  chyftane  was  adew." 

In  the  "  Chronicle  of  Lanercost,"  a  MS.  some 
particulars  of  which  were  communicated  by  Mr. 
Ellis  of  the  British  Museum  to  Dr.  Jamieson,  is 
the  following  passage,  not  inconsistent  with  simi- 
lar instances  of  revenge  which  occurred  when  the 
Scot  was  harassed  and  exasperated  by  a  powerful 
foe:  — 

"  Inter  quos  cedidit  thesaurarius  Angliae  Hugo  de  Kers- 
yngham,  de  cujus  corio  ab  occipite  usque  ad  talum  Wills 
Waleis  latam  corrigiam  sumi  fecit,  ut  inde  sibi  faceret 
cingulum  ensis  sui."  (Preliminary  Remarks,  p.  xiii.) 

G.N. 

WEATHER  GLASSES  (2nd  S.  ix.  343.)  —  I  have 
possessed  one  of  what  I  suppose  your  correspon- 
dent EXON  refers  to  under  this  head  for  twenty 
years  or  more,  and  I  have  seen  many  others.  As 
the  indications  are  not  very  definite,  I  do  not  re- 
gularly observe  or  record  it  as  I  do  the  barometer 
and  thermometer,  rain  gauge,  &c.,  but  it  is  de- 
cidedly affected  by  weather.  Here  is  the  vendor's 
printed  account  of  it  and  its  virtues :  — 

"  A  New  Curious  Instrument. 

Formed  of  different  Compositions,  which  will   exactly 
shew  the  Weather;  particularly  high  Wind,  Storm,  or 


*  Having  good  appearance. 

t  Foot.  J  Spear.  §  Corslets. 

j|  Stabbed.  f  Vigorously..  **  Death. 


516 


NOTES  AND  QUEK1ES. 


[2«d  S.  IX.  JUNE  30.  '60. 


Tempest ;  it  will  be  preferable  by  Sea  and  Land,  being 
portable ;  and  will  be  found  to  be  very  exact  and  useful. 

"  1st.  In  the  first  place,  if  the  weather  is  to  be  fine,  the 
substance  of  the  composition  will  remain  entirely  at  the 
bottom,  and  the  liquid  will  be  very  clear. 

"  2nd.  Previous  to  changeable  weather  for  rain,  the 
substance  will  rise  gradual!}',  and  the  liquid  will  be  very 
clear,  with  a  small  star  in  motion. 

"  3rd.  Before  a  storm  or  extraordinary  high  wind,  the 
substance  will  be  partly  at  the  top,  and  will  appear  in 
form  of  a  large  leaf,  and  the  liquid  will  be  very  heavy 
and  in  a  fermentation.  This  will  give  notice  twenty-four 
hours  before  the  weather  changes. 

"  4th.  In  winter  time  generally  the  substance  will  lie 
rather  higher,  particularly  jn  snowy  weather  or  white 
frost;  the  composition  will  be  very  white,  with  white 
spots  in  motion. 

"  5th.  In  the  summer  time,  the  weather  being  very  hot 
and  fine,  the  substance  will  be  quite  low. 

"  6th.  TO  know  which  quarter  the  wind  or  storm  came 
from,  3rou  will  observe  the  substance  will  lie  close  to  the 
bottle  on  the  opposite  side  to  that  quarter  from  which  the 
storm  came. 

"  Experiments  have  been  made  of  this  improvement, 
and  it  has  given  much  satisfaction  both  by  sea  and  land." 

J.  P.  O. 

A  NEW  MODE  or  CANONISATION  (2nd  S.  ix.  383.) 
—  T.  LAMPRAY  asks  for  instances  of  dissenting 
places  of  worship  named  after  saints.  I  believe 
they  are  not  common,  and  even  where  they  occur 
they  seem  to  be  usually  owing  to  local  circum- 
stances. Among  the  Independents  I  find  the  fol- 
lowing :  — 

Lewisham  Road,  St.  David's. . 

Newcastle- on-Tyne,  St.  James's  and  St.  Paul's. 

Hindley,  St.  Paul's. 

Wigan,  St.  Paul's. 

Taunton,  Paul's  Meeting. 

Pale,  near  Milford,  St.  Ishmael's. 
Such  names  as  Trinity,  Zion,  Salem,  and  Ebene- 
zer  are  much  more  common;  and  we  also  find 
them  named  after  Wycliffe,  Ridley,  Latimer,  and 
Milton.  In  all  cases  they  are  simply  names,  and, 
as  in  the  Church  of  England,  the  idea  of  dedica- 
tion or  consecration  to  a  saint  or  other  honoured 
person  is  not  entertained.  B.  H.  C. 

An  instance  has  come  under  my  own  notice  of 
an  old  church,  or  rather  chapel  of  ease,  being 
pulled  down,  and  a  new  one  built  on  the  site,  in 
which  the  old  pre-reformation  dedication  was 
altered  out  of  compliment  to  one  of  the  principal 
contributors  to  the  funds.  The  church  in  ancient 
days  was  dedicated  to  St.  Thomas  of  Canterbury. 
It  now  bears  the  name  of  St.  Mark  the  Evangelist. 

EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (2nd  S.  ix.  446.)  — 

1.  "Words  are  fools'  pence,  and  the  wise  man's  coun- 
ters." 

"  Words  are  wise  men's  counters,  they  do  but  reckon  by 
them ;  but  they  are  the  money  of  fools."  —  Hobbes's  Le- 
viathan (Hallam's  Literature  of  Europe,  iii.  285.) 

4.  "  Politeness  is  benevolence  in  trifles." 


"  Now  as  to  politeness  ....  I  would  venture  to  call  it 
benevolence  in  trifles." —  Lord.  Chatham  (Correspondence, 

1.     ttJ»J 

R.  F.  SKETCHLEY. 

MRS.  A.  COCKBURN  (2nd  S.  ix.  298.)  —  There 
are  three  letters  of  this  lady  among  those  of 
eminent  persons  addressed  to  David  Hume,  edited 
by  Mr.  Burton,  and  published  by  Blackwood  in 
1849.  Vide  p.  120.  E.  H.  A. 


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CotLEY    ClBBER   AND   GAT. 

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DR.  PARR  AND  SMOKING. 

SCOTTISH  BALLAD  CONTROVERSY. 

COLLEGE  SALTING. 

FELLOWES'S  VISIT  TO  LA  TRAPPE.  ' 

MR.  PEMBERTON  GIPPS.  Where  can  we  forward  a  letter  to  this  corre- 
spondent ? 

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Man. 

J.  J.  S,  For  notices  rfthe  Band  and  Stole,  see  our  1st  S.  ii.  76.  126. 174j 
Vii.  143.  215.  269.  336. 

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2»d  s.  IX  JUNE  30.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEBIEa 


UNITED   KINGDOM 

LIFE  ASSURANCE   COMPANY, 

No.  8.  WATERLOO  PLACE,  PALL  MALL,  S.W. 

The  Hon.  FRANCIS  SCOTT,  Chairman. 

CHARLES  BERWICK  CURTIS,  Esq.,  Deputy  Chairman. 

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Sum  Insured.        Bonuses  added.        Amount  payable  up  to  Dec.,  1854. 
£5,000  £1,987  10s.  <6,987  10s. 

1.000  397  10s.  1,397  10s. 

100  39  10*.  139  15s. 

Notwithstanding  these  large  additions,  the  premiums  are  on  the 
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5  per  cent,  interest,  the  other  half  being  advanced  by  the  company  with- 
out security  or  deposit  of  the  policy. 

The  Assets  of  the  Company  at  the  31st  December,  1858,  amounted 
to  4652,618  3s.  Wd.,  all  of  which  has  been  invested  in  Government  and 
other  approved  securities. 

No  charge  for  Volunteer  Military  Corps  whilst  serving  in  the  United 
Kingdom. 

Policy  Stamps  paid  by  the  Office. 

Immediate  application  should  be  made  to  the  Resident  Director,  8. 
WaterlooPlace,PaUMall.-By order, 


WESTERN    LIFE    ASSURANCE    AND 

IT  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON, S.W. 
Founded  A.D.  1848. 


H.  E.  Bicknell  .Esq. 

T.  S.  Cocks,  Esq. 

0.  H.Drew,  Esq.  M.A. 

W.  Freeman, Esq. 

F.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq. 


Directors, 


E.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  MarsonJEsq. 
A.  Robinson,  Eiq. 
J.  L.  Seager,  Esq. 
J.B. White, Esq. 


Physician.-  W.  R.  Basham,  M.D. 

Bankers — Messrs.  Cocks,  Biddulph.andCo. 

Actuary.  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 


VALUABLE  PRIVILEGE. 


through  tern- 


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Example :  100Z.  cash  paid  down  purchases-^ An  annuity  of  — 
£  s.  d. 
lo   4    o  to  a  male  life  aged  60) 

65  [Payable  as  long 


12     3     1 


14  16    3 
18  11  10 


70  f 
7f>) 


as  he  is  alive. 


MR. 


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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2**  S.  IX.  JUNE  30.  '60. 


THE  PIOUS  EGBERT  NELSON. 


Now  ready,  Svo.,  with  Portrait,  price  10s.  6c7. 


LIFE    AND    TIMES    OF    ROBERT    NELSON, 

Author  of  «  COMPANION  TO  THE  FASTS  AND  FESTIVALS  OF  THE  CHURCH." 
BY    THE     REV.    C.     F.     S  E  C  R  E  T  A  N, 

Incumbent  of  Holy  Trinity,  Vauxhall  Bridge  Road. 


"  Mr.  Secretan  has  done  Churchmen  service  by  this  excellent  companion  volume  to  Mr.  Anderdon's  Life  of  Ken,  written  as  it  is  with  unaffected 
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-John  Bull. 

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and.  Queries. 

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Robert  Nelson."— Gentleman's  Magazine. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  ALBEMAKLE  STREET,  W. 


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METAPHYSICS;    or,  THE  PHILOSOPHY  OF 
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INDEX. 


SECOND    SERIES.— VOL.   IX. 


[For  classified  articles,  sec  ANONYMOUS  WORKS,  BOOKS  RECENTLY  PUBLISHED,  EPIGRAMS,  EPITAPHS,  FOLK  LORB, 
INSCRIPTIONS,  PHILOLOGY,  POPIANA,  PROVERBS  AND  PHRASES,  QUOTATIONS,  SHAKSPERIANA,  AND  SONGS  AND 
BALLADS.] 


A. 


A,  its  philological  changes,  384. 
A.  on  armorial  bearings,  484. 

Napoleon  III.'s  first  wife,  306. 
A.  (A.)  on  Beause'ant,  its  etymology,  170. 

Classical  claqueurs  at  theatres,  63. 

Cutting  one's  stick,  53. 

Electric  telegraph  in  1813,  26. 

Maria  or  Maria,  122. 

Paynell  family  arms,  171. 

Rifle-pits,  early  notices,  63. 

Sans  Culottes,  89. 

Stakes  with  lead  as  a  defence,  27. 

Swift's  cottage  in  Moor  Park,  9. 

Watch  cleaned  on  the  top  of  Salisbury  spire,  11. 

Yoftregere,  or  Astringer,  11. 

Abedere  (Juan  Calbodsa),  his  epitaph,  324.  351.  375. 
Abhba  on  Booterstown,  near  Dublin,  462. 

"  Christian's  Duty  from  the  Scriptures,"  445. 

Costello  (Mary),  her  longevity,  500. 

Crab's  English,  Irish,  and  Latin  Dictionary,  435. 

Denny  (Lady  Arabella),  332. 

Donnybrook  burned  in  1624,  444. 

Downes  (Bp.),  Tour  through  Cork  and  Ross,  45. 

Emerald  Isle,  origin  of  the  epithet,  199. 

Fitzgibbon's  Irish  Dictionary,  342. 

Fitzwilliam  family  of  Merrion,  161. 

Fellowes'  visit  to  La  Trappe,  403. 

Hooke  (Nathaniel),  patent  for  peerage,  427. 

Hydrophobia  and  smothering,  454. 

Irish  forfeitures,  325. 

King  (Abp.Wm.),  his  burial,  329. ;  lectureship,  124. 

Longevity,  262.  500. 

Martello  towers  in  Ireland,  502. 

Moore  (Admiral),  243. 

Most  Reverend  and  Right  Reverend,  483. 

"  Parliamentary  Portraits,"  its  author,  29. 

Peers  serving  as  mayors,  292. 

Post-office  in  Ireland,  47. 

Power  (Henry,  Lord),  90. 

"  Sketch  of  Irish  History,"  385. 

Stuart  (Dr.),  "  History  of  Armagh,"  102. 

Ussher  (Ambrose),  Version  of  the  Bible,  102. 


Abracadabra  on  acrostic  on  Queen  Elizabeth,  65. 

Carew  (Sir  Peter),  MS.  Life,  143. 

De  Hungerford  inscription,  293. 

Mural  burial,  425. 

Muswell:  Clerkenwell,  495. 

Rifling,  a  game,  404. 
A.  (C.)  on  bishops  elect,  86. 
Ache  on  Dr.  Thomas  Comber,  371. 

"Comparisons  are  odorous,"  310. 

Donkey,  a  modern  word,  131.  292. 

Durance  vile,  353. 

Gumption,  its  derivation,  188. 

Heraldic  drawings  and  engravings,  53. 

Jesuit  epigram  on  English  Church,  161. 

Nightingale  and  thorn,  189. 

Three  Kings  of  Colon,  435. 

Throw  for  life  or  death,  434. 

Wright  of  Plowland,  313. 
Acheson  family,  344. 
Acrostic  on  Queen  Elizabeth's  reign,  65. 
Action  in  oratory,  dictum  respecting,  144. 
Adams  (Geo.),  M.A.,  his  college,  162. 
Ady  (Thomas),  author  of  "A  Candle  in  the  Dark,"  180. 

266.  309. 
Adye  (W.  L.)  on  Constantine  family,  73. 

Rembrandt's  engravings,  412. 
A.  (E.  H.)  on  Bohemian  folk-lore,  381. 

Buonaparte  family,  origin  of,  341. 

Camoens's  monument  at  Lisbon,  502. 

Cockburn  (Mrs.),  her  letters,  516. 

Hotspur,  origin  of  the  name,  254. 

Huntercombe  House,  514. 

Marquis  title  in  abeyance,  341. 

Mawhood  family,  291. 

Medal  of  James  III.,  144. 

Witty  classical  quotations,  332. 
A.  (F.  R.  S.  S.)  on  etymology  of  Fonda,  200. 

Searcher,  origin  of  the  office,  264. 
Agnodice,  a  medical  female  practitioner,  250. 
Agricola  on  Berkshire  folk-lore,  380. 
A.  (I.  M.)  on  Drummonds  of  Colquhalzie,  283. 
Ainslie  (James),  of  Darnick,  142.  355. 
A.  (J.)  on  Macaulay's  earlier  Essays,  321. 
Aldus  Manutius,  his  device,  104. 


518 


INDEX. 


Alexander  of  Abonoteichos  and  Joseph  Smith,  7. 

Alexis,  epitaph  on,  445. 

'AAieus  on  Donnellan  lecturers,  70. 

Goldsmith  (Oliver),  relic,  91. 

Lingard's  England,  reviews  of,  17. 

Meleager,  translations  of,  94.  . 

Quakers  described,  474. 

"  Revolt  of  the  Bees,"  its  author,  132. 
"  Allantapolides,"  reference  in,  281.  511. 
Alii,  a  local  prefix,  its  derivation,  344.  454. 
Alliterative  poetry,  220;  by  Christ.  Pierius,  123. 
Aloysius  on  Falconer's  Voyages,  &c.,  130. 

Songs  and  Poems  on  Several  Occasions,  123. 

Weaver  (Thomas),  "Songs  and  Poems,"  102. 
Alpha  on  Rutherford  family  pedigree,  403. 
A.  (M.)  on  poetical  periodicals,  198. 
Amateur  on  Lyde  Browne,  124. 
America  known  to  the  Chinese,  13. 
American  Psalm-book,  1640,  218. 
Amesbury  monastery,  historical  notices,  60. 
Anderson  (David),  Scottish  poet,  402. 
Anderson  (James),  his  death,  89.  186. 
Anderson  (Prof.  John),  his  papers,  157. 
Andrewes  (Bp.  Lancelot),  noticed,  237. 
Anemometer  foreshadowed,  442. 
Angelo  (Michael),  his  annuity,  80. 
Angels  dancing  on  needles,  180. 
Anglofidius  on  old  Welsh  Chronicles,  125. 
Anglo-Saxon  literature,  29. 
Anglo-Saxon  poems  in  MS.,  103.  311. 
Angol,  or  Angul,  a  weapon,  402. 
A.  (N.  J.)  on  G.  R.  Sammlung,  403. 

Gunn  (Martha),  403. 
Huttner's  autographs,  162. 
"  Withered  violets,"  a  poem,  427. 
Annesley  (Dr.  Samuel), "  Account  of  his  Life,"  417. 
Annexation,  its  meaning,  302. 

Anonymous  Works :  — 

Alberic,  Consul  of  Rome,  462. 

A  Wonder;  or  an  Honest  Yorkshiremau,  126. 

Christian's  Duty  from  the  Scriptures,  445. 

Death  of  Herod,  386. 

De  Templis,  a  Treatise  of  Temples,  13. 

Devotional  Poems,  by  a  Clergyman  of  the  Country, 
223.  314. 

Discourse  upon  the  present  State  of  France,  462. 

Essaies  Politicke  and  Morale,  104. 

Essay  of  Afflictions,  388.  432. 

Familiar  Epistles  on  the  Irish  Stage,  89. 

Free  and  Candid  Disquisitions,  448. 

Happy  Way,  343. 

High  Life  below  Stairs,  142.  273. 

History  of  the  Church  of  Great  Britain,  13. 

Latimer  (Frederick),  the  Young  Man  of  Fashion, 
80. 

Original  Poems,  by  C.  R.,  327. 

Parliamentary  Portraits,  29. 

Pettyfogger  Dramatized,  243. 

Porson  (Prof.),  Vindication  of  his  Literary  Cha- 
racter, 332. 

Portreature  of  Delilah,  343. 

Quarll  (Philip),  Adventures  of,  253. 

Revolt  of  the  Bees,  56.  132. 

Rothwell  Temple,  a  poem,  152. 

Scripture  Religion,  364. 


Anonymous  Works :  — 
Siege  of  Malta,  282. 
Sisters'  Tragedy,  2 55. 
Sketch  of  Irish  History,  385. 
Spanish  Pilgrim,  503. 
Tarantula,  or  Dance  of  Fools,  230. 
Thinks  I  to  myself,  64.  230. 
Way  of  Happiness  on  Earth.  343. 
Yea-and-Nay  Academy  of  Compliments,  12.  1 10. 

"  Antiquitates  Britannicaj  et  Hibernicas,"  by  the  Nor- 
thern antiquaries,  64. 
Ants,  the  gold,  of  Herodotus,  443. 
Apollo  Belvidere  statuette,  280. 
Aquaria,  how  to  be  cleansed,  181. 
Aquatics,  dangerous,  401. 
Aratus,  the  Aldine  edition,  5. 

Archdeacon's  visitation  articles  in  15th  or   16th  cen- 
tury, 135. 

Archer  (Edw.)  of  Berks,  his  will,  387. 
Archers  and  riflemen,  temp.  Edw.  III.,  120. 
Archiepiscopal  mitre,  historical  notices,  67.  188.  295. 
Ariconiensis  on  Lord  Clive  and  Warren  Hastings,  501. 
Aristotle's  History  of  Animals,  58. 
Arithmetical  notation,  52.  147. 
Arlington  Gardens,  St.  James's  Park,  406. 
Armorial  bearings,  484.;  the  tinctures  in  engravings, 

.53.  275.;  a  work  on,  260. 
Arms,  single  supporter  to,  463. 
Armstrong  family  arms,  198.  354. 
Armstrong  (Rev.  J.  Leslie),  noticed,  463. 
Army  and  navy  toast,  345. 
Arthur  (King),  his  grave  unknown,  182. 
Artist's  initials,  199. 
Artist's  memorandum  book,  294. 
Ashby  Folville,  effigy  at,  410.  507. 
Ashmole  (Elias),  "Memoirs  of  his  Life,"  417. 
Ashpitel  (A.)  on  the  Beffana,  5. 
Asmodeus,  its  etymology,  428. 
Ass,  the  festival  of  the,  472. 
Astringer,  a  falconer,  11. 
Astrologers  treated  as  criminals,  50. 
Astronomical  discoveries  in  the  last  century,  297.  338. 

3*M 
*    /   . 

Athanasian  Creed,  mode  of  reciting,  263. 
Atkyns  (Frances  Lady),  pedigree,  197.  294. 
Atter,  a  local  prefix,  its  derivation,  344. 
Augustine  (St.)  and  St.  Ambrose,  506. 
Aulios  on  Bp.  Gibson's  wife's  maiden  name,  163. 
Aurochs,  or  wild  oxen,  3. 


B. 


B.  on  arms  wanted,  387. 
Blake  family,  388. 
Excommunication  formula,  246. 
Hildesley's  Poetical  Miscellanies,  53. 
Tap  dressing  in  Derbyshire,  345. 
.  on  a  ballad  on  the  Irish  bar,  216. 

Execution  of  Charles  I.,  41. 
Babine,  the  Republic  of,  282. 
Babington  family,  195. 

Bache  (Samuel)  on  the  crossing-sweeper,  20.  286. 
Bacon  (Lord  Francis)  on  Conversation,  87.;  his  corpse, 
132.;  letter  on  the  gunpowder-plot,  278.;  speech  on 
the  debate  on  Impositions,  382. 


INDEX. 


519 


Bacon  (Roger),  manuscript  remains,  39. 

Baj.  on  a  quotation,  44. 

Bags,  university  slang  word,  90. 

Baileys  =  ballium  or  vallum,  106. 

Baily  (Capt.),  originator  of  Hackney  coaches,  178. 

Baird  (James),  secretary  to  Chancellor  Seafield,  326. 

Baize,  or  bayze,  25.  90.  150.  207.  471. 

Baker  (H.  W.)  on  "  Rock  of  ages,"  &c.,  387.  472. 

Bnker  (Wm.)  of  Clare  Hall,  444. 

Balk,  its  meaning,  443.  489. 

Baltimore  (Charles,  6th  Lord),  portrait,  485. 

Bamfius  family  at  Swanington,  502. 

Bancroft  (Abp.),  letter  of  5th  Nov.  1605,  173. 

Banister  (John)  on  longevity  of  Rev.  J.  Lewis,  8. 

Bankes  (Geo.),  MS.  Common-place  book,  67. 

Bankrupts  temp.  Queen  Elizabeth,  6. 

Banns  published  after  the  Nicene  Creed,  492. 

Baptismal  names,  160.  474. 

Barford  (Susannah),  epitaph,  360. 

Barham  (Francis)  on  King  Bladud  and  his  pigs,  45. 

Barker  (Eliz.),  daughter  of  Hugh  Peters,  her  petition, 

399. 

Barley  sugar,  origin  of  the  name,  104. 
Barlichway,  its  etymology,  186. 
Barlow  (H.)  of  Southampton,  arms  of,  198. 
Barnard  (Rev.  Edw.  Wm.),  his  "  Poems,"  12.  94.  290. 
Baschet  (H.)  on  Swift's  marriage  with  Stella,  44. 
Basset  (Edward),  rector  of  Balsham,  447. 
Basset  (Peter),  historian  temp.  Henry  V.,  424.  512. 
Bates  (Wm.),  Howe's  Funeral  Sermon  on,  417. 
Bates  (Wm.)  on  .Boydell's  Shakspeare  Gallery,  52. 

Croker's  Epistles  on  the  Irish  Stage,  89. 

Delphin  classics,  351. 

Godwin's  "  Caleb  Williams"  annotated,  219. 

Gumption,  356. 

Key  to  Beloe's  "  Sexagenarian,"  300. 

Paoli  (Pascal),  his  son,  93. 

"  Round  about  our  Coal  Fire,"  54. 

Shakspeare's  Hamlet  bibliography,  378. 
Bath  family  of  Devon,  487. 
Batrachyomachia,  a  modern,  323. 
Battie,  or  Batty,  armorial  bearings,  55. 
Battiscombe  family,  45. 
Bavin,  its  meaning,  25.  110.  333.  436.  471. 
Baxter  (Benj.),  his  works,  448. 
Baxter  (Richard),  "  Life  and  Times,"  417. 
Bay  Psalm-book,  218. 
Bayes  (Samuel),  Puritan  minister,  83. 
Bayes  (Rev,  Thomas),  mathematician,  9. 
Bayonet  and  firelock  exercise,  76.  109. 
Bazels  of  baize,  25.  90.  150.  207.  471. 
B.  (B.  A.)  on  Bp.  Bedell's  form  of  institution,  326. 

Political  pseudonymes,  198. 
B.  (C.)  on  Bath  family,  487. 
B.  (C.  B.)  on  Shrove  Tuesday  custom,  194. 
B.  (D.)  on  La  Schola  de  Sclavoni,  501. 
Beard  (John),  the  singer,  his  marriage,  182. 
Beast,  the  apocalyptic,  242. 
Beatson  (A.  J.)  on  "  Frederick  Latimer,"  80. 
Beaufort  (Frances,  Duchess  of),  her  marriages,  181. 
Beau-se'ant,  its  etymology,  170.  334. 
Bebescourt:  "LesMysteresdu  Christianisme,"  144. 189. 
B.  (E.  C.)  on  Lord  Chatham  before  Hie  Privy  Council, 

324. 

Becki;t  (Thomas  a),  his  descendants,  63.  ;  and  King 
Henry  II.,  36. 


Bede  (Cuthbert)  on  Bags,  a  slang  word,  90. 

Bocardo,  an  Oxford  prison,  16. 

Inn  signs  by  eminent  artists,  291. 

Malsh,  a  provincialism,  63. 

Patron  saints,  85. 

Plough  Monday  custom,  381. 

Pulpit  of  the  Venerable  Bede,  241. 

Tombstone  inscription  at  Belbroughton,  359. 
Bede  (the  Venerable),  his  supposed  pulpit,  241.;  Eccle- 
siastical History,  lib.  i.  cap.  12.,  428. 
Bedell  (Bp.),  form  of  institution,  326.  411. 
Bedford  (Hilkiah),  Nonjuror,  105. 
Bedford  (Thomas),  Nonjuror,  105. 
Bee  superstition,  443. 

Beffana,  or  Italian  Twelfth  Night  custom,  5. 
Beheest,  its  meaning,  101.  208. 
Behn  (Aphra),  her  collected  Plays,  242. 
Beisly  (S.)  on  herb  John-in-the-pot,  435. 

Macbeth,  emendation  of,  459. 
Beler  (Roger  le),  sepulchral  effigy,  410.  507. 
Bell,  book,  and  candle,  form  of  excommunication,  246. 
Bell  (Dr.  Wm.)  on  chalk  drawing  inscription,  206. 

Durie  Clavie  at  Burghead,  169. 
Belle,  Poor,  who  was  she  ?  364.  435.  495. 
Bellenden  (Lord)  of  Broughton,  16. 
Bell's  Calvinist  Mermaids,  413. 
Bells  in  the  Fidgi  Islands,  303.     • 
Beloe  (Wm.),  Key  to  his  "  Sexagenarian,"  300. 
Belus,  King  of  Egypt,  58. 
Benedict  on  Judge  Buller's  law,  124. 
Berkeley  (Bishop),  Works  and  Life,  140. 
Berkshire  folk  lore,  380. 
Berthold's  Political  Handkerchief,  281. 
Berwickshire  Sandy,  304. 
Betham  (Sir  Wm.),  sale  of  his  MSS.,  475. 
Beyer  (Mr.)  alias  "  John  Gilpin,"  33. 
B.  (F.  C.)  on  blue  blood,  208. 

Burial  in  a  sitting  posture,  250. 

Gold  ants  of  Herodotus,  443. 

Mural  burial,  425. 
B.  (G.)  on  cockade,  274. 

Jack,  as  applied  to  a  flag,  281. 
B.  (H.)  on  Cawdray's  "  Treasurie  of  Similies,"  80. 

Grotius,  passage  in,  208. 

Longevity  of  Thomas  Parr,  104. 
Bible  by  Barker,  1641,  388. ;  with  Beza's  notes,  1642, 

282. 

Bible  of  1631,  misprint  in  7th  Commandment,  33. 
Bible,  its  marginal  readings  and  references,  194. 

Translators'  Preface,  195. 

Bible,  technical  memory  applied  to  the,  177.  480. 
Bibliothecar.  Chetham.  on  General  Literary  Index,  39. 

Oracles  dumb  at  the  Nativity,  323. 
Biggar,  co.  Lanark,  curious  custom  at,  322. 
Bingham  (C.  W.)  on  days  of  the  week,  323. 

Flock  of  starlings,  303. 

Judges'  black  cap,  335. 

Trees  cut  down  in  the  wane  of  the  moon,  223. 
Biography  and  hero  worship,  381. 
Bishop  preaching  to  April  fools,  12.  121. 
Bishops  elect,  are  they  peers  ?  55.  85. 
Bishopsgate  church,  picture  of  Charles  I.,  27.  133. 
Bison,  historical  notices  of,  1. 
B.  (J.  0.)  on  Susannah  Serle's  epitaph,  359. 

Witty  quotations  from  Greek  and  Latin  writers,  116. 
B.  (K.  M.)  on  inscription  in  Dryburgh  Abbey,  80. 


520 


INDEX. 


Blackguard,  origin  of  the  word,  373. 

"  Black  List,  the  Principles  of  a  Member,"  81. 

Black  well  and  Etheridge  families,  198. 

Blackwell  (Dr.  Elizabeth),  of  Padua,  78.  250. 

Blackwood  (Win.),  affray  with  Mr.  Douglas,  366. 

Bladud  (King)  and  his  pigs,  45.  110.  289. 

Bladwell  family  at  Swanington,  502. 

Blake  family,  388. 

Blue  :  "  True  Blue,"  colour  of  the  Covenanters,  289. 

B.  (N.)  on  M.  Raper,  281. 

Bocardo,  an  Oxford  prison,  16. 

Bocase  tree  in  Northamptonshire,  274. 

Bodmin  church  register,  extract  from,  81. 

Boevey  (Mrs.  Catherine),  the  '•  Perverse  Widow,"  222. 

Bohemian  folk  lore,  381. 

Boileau  (J.  P.)  on  church  chests,  63. 

Boleyn  (Anne),  her  ancestry,  331. 

Boleyn  and  Hammond  families,  425. 

Bolingbroke  (Lord),  "  Essay  on  a  Patriot  King  "  burnt, 
37.  ;  his  house  at  Battersea,  133. 

Boiled,  as  used  in  Exod.  ix.  31.,  28.  251.  309.  349.  394. 

Bonaparte  family,  its  origin,  341. 

Bonaparte  (Napoleon),  his  marriage,  220. ;  his  testi- 
mony to  the  Divinity  of  Christ,  280. 

Bonasus,  historical  -notices  of,  1. 

Bonaventure  (St.),  imitation  of  the  Te  Deum,  31.  407. 
453.  470.  493. 

Book  labels  on  tinted  paper,  196. 

"  Book  of  Hy-Many,"  54. 

Book-stall  collectors,  92. 

Book,  the  first  printed  in  Greenland,  442. 

Books,  antipapistical,  before  the  Reformation,  26. 

Books  burnt,  37. 

Books  dedicated  to  the  Deity,  180.  266.  309.  350. 

Books  for  middle-class  examinations,  364. 

Books  recently  published :  — 

Adams's  Notes  on  the  Geology,  &<>.,  of  England,  4 76. 

Ainsworth's  Ovingdean  Grange,  496. 

Andersen's  Sand  Hills  of  Jutland,  496. 

Becket :  La  Vie  de  St.  Thomas  le  Martyr,  35. 

Bentley's  Quarterly  Review,  18. 

Blacker's  Sketches  of  Booterstown  and  Donny- 
brook,  74. 

Bode's  Hymns  from  the  Gospel  of  the  Day,  114. 

Brimley's  Essays,  335. 

Burrows 's  Parochial  Sermons,  134. 

Calendar  of  State  Papers,  1628-9,  113. 

Camden  Society  :  Lord  Carew's  Letters,  318. 

China  :  Twelve  Years  in  China,  171. 

Collier  (J.  P.),  Reply  to  Mr.  Hamilton,  211. 

Cooper  (Anthony  Ashley),  Memoirs,  £e.,  153. 

Cornhill  Magazine,  172. 

Delepierre's  History  of  Flemish  Literature,  436. 

Delepierre's  Histoire  Litte'raire  des  Fous,  1 72. 

Devizes,  History  of,  Military  and  Municipal,  74. 

Dictionary  of  Modern  Slang,  415. 

Dollman's  Analysis  of  Aucieut  Domestic  Archi- 
tecture, 74. 

Doran's  Book  of  the  Princes  of  Wales,  235. 

Donoghue's  Memoir  of  the  O'Briens,  455. 

Dugdale's  Visitation  of  York,  190. 

Ellis's  Chapter  on  Wives,  496. 

Fairholt's  Gog  and  Magog,  18. 

Fitzpatrick's  Career  of  Lady  Morgan,  376. 

Fonblanque's  Manual  of  Household  Law,  56. 


Books  recently  published :  — 

Forster's  Arrest  of  the  Five  Members,  276. 

French's  Life  of  Samuel  Crompton,  276. 

Hamilton's  Inquiry  into  Collier's  MS.  Corrections, 
134. 

Hanna's  Wycliffe  and  the  Huguenots,  296. 

Hastings  (Warren),  Speeches  at  his  Trial,  235. 

Haydn's  Dictionary  of  Dates,  by  Vincent,  296. 

Herodotus,  by  Rawlinson,  234. 

Hewitt's  Ancient  Armour  and  Weapons,  475. 

Huntley's  Year  of  the  Church,  455. 

Ince  and  Gilbert's  English  History,  476. 

Innes's  Scotland  in  the  Middle  Ages,  376. 

Irvine's  Account  of  the  Smollett  family,  276. 

Julien's  Contes  et  Apologues  Indiens,  34. 

Julien's  Nouvelles  Chinoises,  35. 

Latham's  Opuscula,  475. 

Lennox  Garland,  476. 

Letts'  Extract  Book  for  Scraps,  18. 

Lewis  :   The  Semi-Detached  House,  376. 

London  Corporation  Library  Catalogue,  415. 

Longfellow's  Prose  Works,  476. 

Lowndes'  Bibliographer's  Manual,  113. 

Lysons's  Romans  in  Gloucestershire,  276. 

Macaulay  (Lord),  Biographies,  235. 

Macaulay  (Lord),  Miscellaneous  Writings,  496. 

Mackie's  First  Traces  of  Life  on  the  Earth,  335. 

Maginn's  Shakspeare  Papers,  153. 

Malone  (Edmond),  Life  by  Prior,  295. 

Martial's  Epigrams  (Bolm's),  190. 

Moore's  Memoirs,  Journal,  and  Correspondence,  74. 
134.  296.  416.  455. 

Morel's  Moralistes  Orientaux,  35. 

Morphy's  Games  at  Chess,  56. 

Muir's  Pagan  or  Christian  Architecture,  190. 

Newland's  Commentary  on  the  Ephesians,  455. 

Nightingale's  Notes  on  Nursing,  172. 

Old  Dramatists  (Routledge),  416. 

Old  Poets  (Routledge),  416. 
*  Pages's  Bibliographic  Japonaise,  210. 

Papworth's  Dictionary  of  Coats  of  Arms,  415. 

Parkinson's  Government  Examinations,  18. 

Pichot's  Life  of  Sir  Charles  Bell,  255. 

Pinks's  Country  Trips,  56. 

Plain  Spoken  Words  to  Dr.  Doilge,  134. 

Pre- Adamite  Man,  114. 

Quarterly  Review,  No.  213.,  74.  ;  No.  214.,  335. 
'    Real  and  Beau  Ideal,  436. 

Reeves's  Stereoscopic  Cabinet,  56. 

Ridgway's  Gem  of  Thorney  Island,  134. 

Rowan  (Dr.)  on  the  Olde  Countess  of  Desmonde,455. 

Russell's  Diary  in  India,  56. 

Saint  Martin's  Ge'ographie   de   1'Inde   d'apr<\s  les 
Hymnes  V&iiques,  209. 

Saint  Martin's  Me'moire  Analytique,  208. 

Say  and  Seal,  255. 

Season  Ticket,  276. 

Secretan's  Memoirs  of  Hubert  Nelson,  56. 

Shakspeare's   Hamlet,   reprint   of  first   two    edi- 
tions, 74. 

Shaw's  Arctic  Boat  Journey,  376. 

Shipley's  Eucharistic  Litanies,  114. 

Soiling's  Literary  History  of  Germany,  134. 

Sotheby's  Ramblings  to  elucidate  Milton's  Auto- 
graph, 335. 


INDEX. 


521 


Books  recently  published : — 

Spectator  (Routledge),  255. 

Stark's  History  of  British  Mosses,  235, 

Tennent's  Ceylon,  316. 

Timbs's  Anecdote  Biography,  316. 

Timbs's  Curiosities  of  Science,  496. 

Trench's  Deficiencies  in  English  Dictionaries,  496. 

Trevenan  Court,  476. 

Tuckett's  Devonshire  Pedigrees,  255. 

Ulster  Journal  of  Archaeology,  416. 

Urim  and  Thummim  :  an  Inquiry,  476. 

Wilberforce  (Dr.),   Bp.  of  Oxford,  Addresses  to 

Candidates  for  Ordination,  114. 
Wolf's  Jahrbuch  fiir  Romanische  und  Englische 

Literatur,  154. 
Wood's  Illustrated  Natural  History,  74.  134.  296. 

455. 

Woodward's  History  of  Hampshire,  172. 
Wilkins's  Art  Impressions,  415. 

Books,  soiled  ones  how  cleaned,  103.  186. 

Booterstown,  near  Dublin,  74.  462. 

Booth  (C.)  on  epitaph  on  a  Spaniard,  375. 

Borughe  (Benet),  translation  of  Cicero's  Cato,  67. 

Botts  (Aaron),  his  longevity,  439. 

Bowring  (Sir  John),  noticed,  365.  471. 

Boyd  (Hon.  Charles),  his  literary  compositions,  264. 

Boyd  (Hugh  M'Aulay),  a  Junius  claimant,  261. 

Boydell  (Aid.),  Shakspeare  Gallery,  52. 

Boyle  (Charles),  Earl  of  Orrery,  his  Life,  418. 

Boys  (Thomas)  on  Burghead  custom,  106. 

Hawker,  its  derivation,  34. 

Noah's  ark,  150. 

Prugit,  in  the  law  of  the  Alamanni,  55. 

Prussian  iron  medal,  33. 

"Rock  of  ages,"  priority  of  the  hymn,  434. 

Spoon  inscription,  17. 

Te  Deum  interpolated,  31. 
Bradley  (Dr.  James),  astronomer,  377. 
Bradshaw  (Edw.),  Mayor  of  Chester,  160. 
Bradshaw  (H.)  on  French  church  in  London,  230. 
Bradshaw  (John),  letter  to  Sir  Peter  Legh,  115.  205. 
Brand  (Mr.),  embellisher  of  letters,  399. 
Brandon  (Richard),  supposed  executioner  of  Charles  I.,  4 1 . 
Brangle,  its  etymology  and  meaning,  51. 
Brant  (Sebastian)  on  the  Eusisheim  meteorite  of  1492, 

214. 

Breakneck  Steps,  Old  Bailey,  280. 
Breda  Cathedral  baptismal  font,  its  privileges,  64. 
Breeches  Bible,  inscription  in,  218. 
Breezo  (Gen.),  a  wine  stopper,  484.  511. 
Bregis,  its  meaning,  81.  233. 
Brent  (Algernon),  on  peers  serving  as  mayors,  162. 
Brent  (John),  jun.  on  Mrs.  Myddelton's  portrait,  17. 
Brigand,  who  is  he?  503. 
Briggs  (Augustine),  Mayor  of  Norwich,  504. 
Bright  (John)  and  the  British  lion,  179.  352. 
Brighton  pavilion,  etchings  of,  163.  276.  354. 
Bristoliensis  on  discoloured  coins,  363. 

Ferdinand  Smyth  Stuart,  334. 
Britain,  B.C.  1116,  402.  494. 
British  scythed  chariots,  225. 
Brixey's  hotel  at  Landport,  8. 
Brookbank  (Dr.  John),  epitaph,  360. 
Brougham  (Lord),  David  Hume,  and  Philaix-te  Chasles, 
499. 


Broughton,  court  of  barony  of,  16. 
Brown  (Lyde)  of  Wimbledon,  124.  375, 
Brown  (J.  W.)  on  the  symbol  of  the  sow,  230. 
Browne  (Robert),  comedian  in  1591,  48,  49. 
Browne  (Sir  Thomas),  his  Life,  418. 
Brownists,  origin  of  the  sect,  148. 
Bruce  (John)  on  the  king's  scutcheon,  6. 
Brushtield  (T.  N.),  on  drinking  fountains,  195. 
Bryans  (J.  W.)  on  Dr.  Robert  Clayton,  332. 

Plate,  its  derivation,  201. 
Bryant  (John  Fred.),  minor  poet,  367. 
B.  (S.)  on  landlord,  a  keeper  of  au  inn,  426. 

"  Logic:  or  the  Chestnut  Horse,"  463. 

Pencil  writing,  403. 
Bubalus,  historical   notices   of,    1.;    derivation  of   the 

word,  4. 

Buckingham  gentry,  1433,  243.  332. 
Bucks  on  cattle  toll  at  Chetwode,  281. 
Buckton  (T.  J.)  on  the  meaning  of  boiled,  251.  350. 

Britain  1116  B.C.,  494. 

Calcuith,  its  locality,  132. 

Carnival  at  Milan,  312. 

Declension  of  nouns  by  inflexion,  294. 

Dragoon  Guards  motto,  111. 

Dryburgh  inscription,  131. 

King  David's  mother,  271. 

Letter  W.,  354. 

Manners  in  the  last  century,  410. 

Maria  or  Maria,  410. 

Mille  jugera,  372.  472. 

Motto  for  a  village  school,  233. 

Names  of  numbers  and  the  hand,  112. 

Noah's  ark,  its  form,  150. 

Pamela,  394. 

Passage  in  Menander,  395.  493. 

Radicals  in  European  languages,  113. 

Termination  "  th,"  352. 

"  This  day  eight  days,"  153. 

Ur  Chasdim,  453. 
Buff,  a  sort  of  leather,  4. 
Buffle,  its  derivation,  5. 
Buffon  (M.  N.  de),  his  letters,  402. 
Bug,  a  provincialism,  261.  314.  369. 
Bug,  Cimex  lectularius,  369,  453.  500. 
Bull  and  Pie,  an  inn  sign,  52. 
Bull  of  the  Crusade,  346. 
Bull,  Pseonian,  1. 

Bull  (Rev.  Nicholas),  noticed,  172.  274. 
Buller  (Judge),  his  law,  124. 
Bullokar  (Wm.),  his  "  Bref  Grammar,"  223. 
Bumptious,  its  derivation,  275. 

Bunyan  (John),  original  of  his  "  Pilgrim's  Progress," 
195.  229;  first  edition  of  his  "  Pilgrim's  Progress," 
383. ;  portraits,  245.  332. 
Bunyan  pedigree,  69.  470.     ' 
Burghead,  singular  custom  at,  38. 106.  169.  269. 
Burial  in  a  sitting  posture,  44.  94.  131.  188.  250.  513. 
Burial,  mural,  425. 

Burial  of  ecclesiastics  and  laymen,  27.  92.  204. 
Burn  (J.  S.)  on  pigtails,  how  made,  354. 
Burnet  (Bp.  Gilbert),  his  character,  418,  419. 
Burnett  (Alex.)  on  Ter  Sanctus  riots,  164. 
Burning  alive  as  a  punishment,  445. 
Burning  out  the  old  year,  322. 
Burns  (Robert),  MS.  poems,  24.  88. 
Burns  (W.  H.)  oil  book  dedicated  to  the  Deity,  267. 


522 


INDEX. 


Burnyeat  (John),  account  of  him,  418. 

Burridge  (Richard),  account  of  him,  418. 

Burrows  family,  162. 

Burton's  Court,  Chelsea,  282. 

Busy-less,  where  used,  503. 

Butler  (Alban),  his  family,  502. 

Butler  of  Burford  Priory,  82. 

Butler  (Sam.),  notes  on  Hudibras,  138. 

Butts  family  pedigree,  61.  149.  185. 

B.  (W.)  on  "  Mors  mortis  morti,"  &c.,  445. 

Urchin,  its  derivation,  492. 
B.  (Z.)  on  reprint  of  Shakspeare  folio,  1623,  242. 


C. 


C.  on  the  Book  of  Hy-Many,  54. 

Letter  W,  in  Indo-Germanic  dialects,  244. 
C.  Workington,  on  King  David's  mother,  82. 
C.  (A.)  on  Garibaldi's  parentage,  473.     ' 
Cabal,  early  use  of  the  word,  53. 
Cajanus  (Daniel),  the  Dutch  giant,  423. 
Calcuith,  its  locality,  132.  189. 
Calcutta  newspapers,  324. 
Calverly  (Mr.),  dancing- master,  portrait,  180. 
Camden  (William),  his  Life,  418. 
Camoens  (Luis  de),  monument  at  Lisbon,  502. 
Campbell  (Thomas),  "  Battle  of  the  Baltic,"  462. 
Campbells  of  Monzie,  326. 
Campbellton,  Argyleshire,  54. 
Canonisation,  a  new  mode  of,  383.  516. 
Canterbury  Cathedral,  its  old  chair,  484. 
Cantilupe  (St.  Thomas),  Bishop  of  Hereford,  77.  171. 
Cantrell  (Henry),  works  on  lay-baptism,  464. 
Caparn  (W.  B.)  on  burial  in  a  sitting  posture,  513. 

"  Mors  mortis  morti,"  513. 
Capon  (Wm.),  sketch  of  Tyburn  locality,  514. 
Cardonnell  (Adam  de),  noticed,  24.  187. 
Cards,  playing,  of  foreign  manufacture,  169. 
Carew  (Sir  Peter),  MS.  Life  of,  143.  254. 
Carew  (Richard),  his  Life,  418. 
Carey  (Henry),  "  The  Honest  Yorkshireman,"  126. 
Carleton  (Mary),  alias  Mary  Moders,  418. 
Carlisle  on  derivation  of  Gumption,  189. 

Hereditary  alias,  413. 

St.  Makedranus  and  St.  Madryn,  445. 
Came  (Sir  Edward),  ambassador  at  Rome,  323. 
Carnival  at  Milan,  197.  312.  405. 
Carr  (Hon.  Capt.  Edward),  his  family,  503. 
Carrington  (F.  A.)  on  Bavins  and  puffs,  436. 

Cockade  of  servants,  129. 

Coif  worn  by  judges,  160. 

Devil's  Own  volunteers,  401. 

Full-bottomed  wig,  441. 

Hereditary  alias,  413. 

Judges'  black  cap,  405. 

Pets  de  religieuses,  187. 
Carrosse,  its  gender,  126. 
Carter  (John),  his  Life,  418. 
Carthaginian  building  materials,  8. 
Cartheny   (John),    his    "  Voyage    of    the   Wandering 

Knight,"  195.  229. 

Carthusianus  on  Ferdinand  Smyth  Stuart,  232. 
Casanova  de  Seingalt  (Jacob),  his  "  Me'moires,"  245. 
Casaubon  (Isaac),  noticed,  237,  238. 
"  Case  for  the  Spectacles,"  quoted,  13.  313.  485. 


Cat,  a  game,  97.  205. 

Catalogue,  a  Descriptive  library,  403. 

Causidicus  on  judges'  costume,  45. 

Cavour  (Count),  his  sayings  and  doings,  442. 

Cawdray  (Robert),  "  Treasurie  of  Similies,"  80.  151. 

C.  (B.  H.)  on  Benjamin  Baxter,  448. 

Boiled,  309.  394. 

Book  of  Common  Prayer,   1679,  253.  ;  Latin  ver- 
sions, 262. 

Canonisation,  a  new  mode  of,  516. 

Charles  I.'s  picture  in  Bishopsgate  Churcl),  27. 

Codex  Sinaiticus,  329. 

Cross  of  Christ:  its  inscription,  437. 

Flambard  brass  at  Harrow,  370. 

"  Free  and  Candid  Disquisitions,"  448. 

"  Happy  Way,"  its  author,  343. 

Hermas,  the  editio  princeps,  357. 

Jew  Jesuit,  354. 

Quotations  wanted,  502. 

Te  Deum,  alleged  interpolations,  408.  453. 

Temples:  churches,  why  so  called?  487. 

Termination  "  Th,"  244. 

Tobacco,  its  tercentenary,  384. 
C.  de  D.  on  Durance  vile,  223. 
C.  (E.)  on  a  quotation  from  "  Allantapolides,"  281. 

"  H  Sfortunato  Fortunate,"  282. 

"  My  eye  and  Betty  Martin,"  392. 
Cecil  (William),  Lord  Burleigh,  his  life,  418. 
Celtic  families,  their  history,  45 . 
Celtic  sirnames,  403. 
Centenarians,  military,  438. 
Centurion  on  pigtails  and  powder,  163. 
Cercatore  on  book  dedicated  to  St.  Peter,  309. 
C.  (F.  D.)  on  gender  of  carrosse,  126. 
C.'(G.  A.)  on  a  stolen  brass,  510. 
Chad  wick  (J.  N.)  on  a  stolen  brass,  511. 
Chalk  drawing,  123.  206.  415. 
Chalking  lodgings,  63.  112.  273.  375. 
Chamberlayne  (Dr.  Edward),  noticed,  486. 
Channing  (Mary),  her  execution,  224. 
Chappell  (Wm.)  on  Hale  the  piper,  372. 

Music  of"  The  Golden  Pippin,"  234. 
*  Music  of  two  songs,  151. 
Charcoal,  its  derivation,  441. 
Chariots  of  the  ancient  Britons,  225. 
Charity  Schools  annjversary  at  the  Crystal  Palace,  436. 
Charles  I.:  his  executioner,  R.  Brandon,  41.;  picture  in 

Bishopsgate  Church,  27.  133. 

Charles  II.  letter  to  E.  Progers,  46  ;  his  death,  470. 
Charlett  (Dr.  Arthur),  his  consistency,  418. 
Charnock  (R.  S.)  on  Brangle,  51. 

Garibaldi,  its  derivation,  494. 

Kippen,  its  derivation,  495. 

Michael,  the  name  of  a  box,  151. 

Peppercomb,  a  local  name,  131. 

Quist,  as  an  affix,  364. 

Radicals  in  European  languages,  254. 

Shakspeare,  etymology  of,  459. 

Vant,  in  personal  and  local  names,  426. 
Chasles  (Philarete),  David  Hume,  and  Lord  Brougham, 

499. 
Chatham  (Lord),  supposed  speech  before  the  Council, 

324.  368. 
Chathodunus  on  Dickson  of  Berwickshire,  54. 

Memorials  of  a  witch,  11. 
Chatres  (Marquis  de  la),  his  crest,  262. 


INDEX. 


523 


Chauffeurs,  French  banditti,  449.  512. 
Chavenage  manor-house,  story  of,  93.  153. 
C.  (H.  B.)  on  the  "  Ancient,"  471. 

Chalk  drawing  inscription,  206. 

Essay  on  Taste:  Faux,  352. 

Huydecoper  (B.),  his  work,  474. 

Lewis  and  Kotska,  432. 

Menander,  passage  in,  410. 

Patroelus  of  Aristophanes,  189. 
C.  (H.  C.)  on  Anglo-Saxon  poems,  103. 

Declension  of  nouns  by  internal  inflexion,  180. 

Mille  jugera,  324. 
Chelsea,  origin  of  the  name,  189. 
Chelsea  Hospital,  colours  in  hall  and  chapel,  244.   * 
Chelsega  on  Bolingbroke's  house  at  Battersea,  133. 

Calcuith  and  Chelsea,  189. 

Hospitals  for  lepers,  181. 

Hewlett  (Magister  Richard),  45. 

Jennings  family,  152. 

Pontefract  on  the  Thames,  395. 
Chener  (Polecarp)  on  Sir  P.  P.  Rubens's  pictures,  139. 
Cheshire  manuscripts,  172. 
Chester,  the  sweet  roode  of,  403. 
Chesterfield  (Lord)  and  the  Dilettanti  Society,  313. 
Chests,  church,  treatise  on,  63. 
Chettle  (Henry),  his  Welsh,  306. 
Chetwode  cattle  toll,  281. 
Cheyney  (Richard),  excommunicated,  428. 
Chilcott  (Rev.  Christopher),  noticed,  81. 
Child  saved  by  a  dog,  24. 
Children  with  beards,  484. 
Chillingworth  (Wm.),  "  Account  of  his  Life,"  418. 
Chinese  "  Contes  et  Apologues,"  35. 
Chinese  novels,  35. 
Choerilus  of  Samos,  his  epic  poem  on  the  Persian  war  of 

Xerxes,  57. 

Christian  Advocate  and  Sir  T.  C.  Morgan,  307. 
"  Christmas  Ordinary,"  a  MS.  play,  146. 
"  Chronicles  of  London,"  quoted,  144. 
Chryostom  (Merrick)  on  Gumption,  its  derivation,  125. 

"  Put  into  Ship-shape,"  65. 
Churches,  internal  arrangement  of,  370. 
Church  towers,  their  origin,  342. 
Churchwardens,  three  chosen,  53. 
Ci-devant  on  dinner  etiquette,  81. 
Cinnabar,  its  derivation,  479. 
City  Light  Horse  Volunteers,  129. 
Civil  Club  in  London,  422. 
Civis  on  "  Cut  your  stick,"  207. 

Soldiers'  Public  Library,  444. 
C.  (J.  F.)  on  marriage  by  the  hangman,  487. 
Clammild  on  Busy-less,  its  use,  503. 

Celebrated  writer,  275. 

Coleridge  the  elder,  passage  from,  331. 

Electric  telegraph  fifty  years  ago,  73.  287. 

Erysipelas,  its  derivation,  330. 

Ess,  as  a  feminine  affix,  262. 

King  Bladud  and  his  pigs,  289. 

Shakspeare's  jug,  198. 

"  To  knock  under,"  225. 

Tourmaline  crystal,  241. 
Claqueurs,  classical,  at  theatres,  63. 
Clark  (Miss),  great-granddaughter  of  Theodore,  King 

of  Corsica,  171. 
Clarke  (Hyde)  on  Jews  in  England,  294. 

Levant  mercantile  history,  262. 


Clarke  (Hyde)  on  philological  changes  :  the  vowel  A, 

384. 

Clarke  (Joseph)  of  Hull,  281.  470. 
Clarke  (Dr.  Samuel),  his  Life  and  Writings,  418. 
Claude,  pictures  by,  14. 

Clavie,  a  custom  at  Burghead,  38.  106.  169.  269. 
Clayton  (Dr.  Robert),  Bishop  of  Clogher,  pedigree,  223. 

332.  412. 

Clergy  peers  and  commoners,  124.  232.  352. 
Clergymen,  refreshment  for,  24.  90.  187.  288.  354. 
Clerical  incumbents,  their  longevity,  8.  73.  252.  334. 
Clerical  members  of  parliament,  180. 
Clerical  sepulture,  27.  92.  130.  204. 
Clifton  of  Leighton  Bromswold,  364.  411. 
Cling  (Conrad),  "  Loci  Communes,"  449. 
Clive  (Lord  Robert),  his  Life,  14. 
Clive  (Lord)  and  Warren  Hastings,  501. 
Clock,  a  Dutch  one  with  pendulum,  123. 
Clover,  four-bladed,  its  virtue,  381.  514. 
C.  (M.  Y.)  on  Maloniana,  368. 
Coach,  the  first  one  in  Scotland,  121. 
Coach  and  Horses,  an  inn  at  Merrion,  403. 
Coal,  its  etymology,  440.  494. 
Coal  Fire,  Roundabout  our,  54.  132. 
Coan,  an  object  of  worship,  29. 
Cockade  in  servants'  hats,  129.  274. 
Cockburn  (Mrs.  Alison),  biography  of,  298.  321.  516. 
Cockeram's  English  Dictionary,  426. 
Cockle  (James)  on  mathematical  bibliography,  339. 
Cockney,  origin  of  the  word,  42.  88.  234.  454. 
Codex  Sinaiticus,  discovered  by  Dr.  Tischendorf,  274. 

329. 

Coffins,  unburied,  at  Staines,  42. 
Coif  worn  by  judges,  1 60. 
Coins,  discoloured,  363.  413. 
Coke,  its  derivation,  441. 

Coke  (Sir  John),  letter  of  2nd  March,  1629-30,  96. 
Cold  Harbour,  suggested  derivation,  139.  441. 
Colden  (Rev.  Alex.),  Elegy  on  his  death,  305. 
Cole  family  arms,  179. 
Cole  (Robert)  on  Gen.  Eliott's  letter,  176. 
Coleridge  (Rev.  John),  •'  Dissertations,"  331. 
Colet  (Johanne  de),  inquired  after,  223.  294. 
Collier  (J.  Payne)  and  the  controversy  respecting  the 

Perkins'  folio,  134.  154.  211.  255. 
Collins  (Arthur),  the  genealogist,  418. 
Collins  (Rev.  Thomas)  of  Winchester  school,  384. 
Collyns  (Wm.)  on  Sir  Mark  Kennaway,  27. 
Colms  (John),  the  Pretender's  poet- laureate,  263. 
Colon,  the  Three  Kings  of,  435.;  an  inn  sign,  52. 
Comber  (Dr.  Thomas),  Dean  of  Durham,  307.  371. 
Comedians,  English,  in  the  Netherlands,  48. 
Common  Prayer  Book,  of  1625,  304.;  of  1679,  197. 

253.;  its  imperfections,  temp.  Charles  II.  &c.,  197. 

304.;  editions  prior  to  1662,  283.;  Latin  versions, 

262.  333. 

Communion  service,  rubric  in,  123. 
Communion  Table  cushions,  197. 
Compositus,  compotus,  computus,  52.  232. 
Concur :  Condog,  426. 
Congreve  (Wm.),  Memoirs  of  his  Life,  418. 
Coningsby  (Earl  of  )  on  the  manor  of  Marden,  145. 
Consit  (Francis),  his  longevity,  401. 
Constantino  family,  73. 
Convocation  of  the  Irish  Church,  243. 
Cook's  Ground,  282. 


524 


INDEX. 


Cookson  (Wni.)  of  All  Souls  College,  Oxford,  141, 
Cooper  (C.  H.  &  Thompson)  on  Win.  Baker,  444. 

Basset  (Edw.),  Kcctor  of  Balsham,  447. 

Dalton  (John)  of  Clare  Hall,  305. 

Doughty  (Robert),  325. 

Gascoigne  (George),  the  poet,  16. 

Button  (Rev.  John),  Vicar  of  Burton,  444. 

Jerome  (Stephen)  of  St.  John's  College,  144. 

King  (Josiah)  of  Caius  College,  144. 

Kirke  (Edw.),  commentator  of  Spenser,  42. 

Kirkham  (Charles)  of  Finshed,  143. 

Leveling  (Benj.),  vicar  of  Lambourn,  143. 

Seagrave  (Robert),  his  works,  250. 

Ward  (Nathaniel),  Rector  of  Staindrop,  73. 

Wilkins  (Dr.  David),  475. 
Cooper  (Thompson)  on  Lloyd  the  Jesuit,  112. 

Taylor  the  Platonist,  110. 
Coqueliner,  88.  234.  454. 
Cork  called  "  The  Drisheen  City,"  93.  374. 
Corneille  (M.),  tragic  poet  noticed  in  "  The  Cid,"  281. 
Cornet,  a  young  lady,  344.  395. 
Corney  (Bolton)  on  Holland  in  1625,  481. 
Cornwal  family,  281. 

Coronation,  when  first  practised,  346.  395. 
Coronets,  dimidiated,  179. 
Cosin  (Dr.  Richard),  noticed,  46. 
Costello  (Mary),  her  longevity,  500, 
Cotgreave  manuscripts,  62.  147. 
Cottle  (Joseph),  his  death,  275. 
Couch  (T.  Q.)  on  Bregis,  &c.,  81. 
Coverdale  (Bishop),  a  third  copy  of  his   Bible,   461. 

511. 

Cowie  (John),  his  longevity,  438. 
Cowper  (Wm.),  ballad  "  John  Gilpin,"  33. 
Cox's  mechanism,  367. 
Coxe  (Daniel),  particulars  of,  262. 
C.  (E.)  on  Dilettanti  Society,  313. 

Tourmaline  crystal,  314. 
C.  (R.)  Cork,  on  coffins  unburied  at  Staines,  42. 

Drisheens,  374. 

Fly-leaf  inscriptions,  217. 

Irish  tenant  gala,  421. 

Masterly  inactivity,  376. 

Crab's  English,  Irish,  and  Latin  Dictionary,  435. 
CracherodVs  buckskin  Bible,  87. 
Craig  (John),  his  longevity,  438. 
Craik's  baths  at  Brighton,  drawings  at,  404. 
C.  (R.  C.)  on  Orlers's  Account  of  Leyden,  26. 
Cressingham  (Sir  Hugh  de),  388.  414.  515. 
Creswell,  an  owner  of  slaves,  13. 
Creswell  (S.  F.)  on  Bunyan  pedigree,  69. 

Bunyan's  portrait,  332. 

Cantrell  (Henry)  on  lay-baptism,  464. 

Creswell,  a  slave-owner,  13. 

Middle-class  examination  books,  364. 

Postage  stamps,  482. 

Shaw  (John),  the  life-guardsman,  303. 

Tinted  paper  recommended,  121. 
C.  (R.  H.)  on  hospitals  for  lepers,  124. 
Crinoline,  its  derivation,  83.  187. 
Croker  (John  Wilson),  "  Familiar  Epistles  on  the  Irish 

Stage,"  88. 

Cromek  (T.  H.)  on  Napoleon  III.,  474. 
Crompton  (S.)  on  book  labels,  196. 
Cromwell  (Oliver)  and  the  mace,  423. ;  interview  with 
Lady  Ingleby,  145.;  his  knights,  251. 


Cross  of  Christ,  its  inscription,  437.  515. 

Crossing-sweeper  in  St.  James's  Park,  20.  286. 

Crowe  family,  46.  110. 

Crowe  of  Kiplin  family,  144. 

Crucifixion,  date  of,  404.  473. 

Cruden  (Alex.),  his  plagiarisms,  440. 

Cruikston  dollar,  393. 

Crusade  bull  in  Spain,  346. 

Crump,  a  knock,  a  provincialism,  51. 

Crystal,  the  Tourmaline,  241.  314. 

C.  (S.),  onDe  Quincey  on  Dr.  Johnson,  401. 

Erase  and  cancel,  341. 
C.  (T.)  on  barley-sugar,  104. 

Manners  of  the  last  century,  344. 

Photography  foreshadowed,  295. 
Curiosus  on  etymology  of  Orrery,  47. 
Curll  (Edmund),  his  malpractices,  418 — 420. 
Cushion,  or  quishon,  51. 
Cushions  on  the  Communion  Table,  197. 
C.  (W.)  on  blue  blood,  289.   • 

Bumptious  and  gumption,  275. 

Carnival  at  Milan,  312. 

Holding  up  the  hand  in  law  courts,  275. 

Roste  yerne,  275. 

C.  (W.  B.)  on  smitch,  as  applied  to  the  Maltese,  198. 
C.  (W.  D.)  on  "  Man  to  the  plough,"  392. 
Cyaxares,  his  siege  of  Ninus,  58. 
Cyprian  (St.),  was  he  a  Negro?  67. 
Cywrm  on  Coach  and  Horses  sign,  403. 

Date  of  the  crucifixion,  404. 


D. 


D.  on  Dr.  Robert  Clayton,  Bishop  of  Clogher,  223. 

Fox  (George),  his  will,  161. 

Judas  tree  in  England,  386. 
A.  on  music  of  the  "  Twa  Corbies,"  143. 

Pigot  (Charles),  author  of 'the  "  Jockey  Club, n  462 . 

Quarter,  as  a  local  termination,  14^. 
D.  (A.)  on  internal  arrangement  of  churches,  370. 
Daisy,  a  provincialism,  261. 
Dalton  (James)  of  Clare  Hall,  305. 
Daniel  (Samuel),  poet,  his  birth-place,  90.  152.  208. 

286.;  biography,  404. 
Danvers  (Sir  John),  his  family,  88. 
Datius  (St.),  Bishop  of  Milan,  505. 
D'Aveney  (H.)  on  balk,  a  provincialism,  491. 

Bonaparte's  marriage,  220. 

Epitaph  on  William  Tyler,  359. 

Judges'  black  cap,  454. 

Nelson  (Lord)  and  Lady  Hamilton,  63. 

Porson  (Richard),  his  eccentricity,  101. 

Sepulchral  slabs  and  crosses,  27. 

Sow,  as  a  symbol,  102. 

Tombstones,  358. 

David  (King),  his  mother,  83.  271. 
Davies  of  Llandovery,  342. 
Dawes  (Abp.  Wm.),  noticed,  364. 
Dawson  (Capt.  James),  song  on  his  misfortunes,  327. 
D.  (D.)  on  Milton's  autograph,  282. 
A.  (A.)  on  Hampton  Court  bridge,  387. 
D.  (E.)  on  bookstall  collectors,  92. 

Cracherode's  buckskin  Bible,  87. 

Daniel  (Samuel),  his  epitaph,  286. 
Deacon's  orders  and  clerical  M.P.'s,  180. 


INDEX. 


525 


Deane  (W.  J.)  on  Oollett  family,  294. 

"  Decanatus  Christianitatis,"  an  ecclesiastical  locality, 

186. 

Deer  daring  the  rutting  senson,  200. 
De  la  Court  (John),  noticed,  223. 
Delany  (Dr.  Patrick),  preface  commended  b^  Dr.  John- 
son, 102. 

"  Delicias  Poeticje,  or  Parnassus  Displayed."  188. 
Delphin  classics,  origin  of  the  name.  103.  351. 
Delta  on  Thomas  Gyll,  Esq.,  503. 

Howell's  "  German  Diet,"  503. 

"  Spanish  Pilgrim,"  its  author,  503. 
Denham's  "  Temporal  Government  of  the  Pope's  States," 

137. 

Denman  (Lord),  place  of  his  burial,  503. 
Denny  (Lady  Arabella),  her  death,  332. 
Dennys  (Mr.),  author  of  "  Thinks  I  to  myself,"  64. 
De  Quincey  on  Dr.  Johnson,  401. 
Derby  day  of  the  Romans,  443. 
De  Solemne  (Anthony),  Norwich  painter,  244.  308. 
D'Espine  on  Exeter  Domesday,  515. 
Devil's  Own,  a  corps  of  volunteers,  401. 
D.  (F.)  on  John  Du  Quesne,  81. 
D.  (F.  S.)  on  Celtic  sirnames,  403, 
D.  (G.  H.)  on  archiepiscopal  mitres,  295. 
Dibdin  (Charles),  his  Sea-Songs,  280.  306.  389.  468. 
Dibdin  (Dr.  T.  F.),  editor  of  "  The  Quiz,"  243. 
Dickey  for  donkey.     See  Donkey. 
Dickinson  (Dicky)  of  Scarborough  Spa,  109. 
Dicksons  of  Berwickshire,  54. 
Diego  de  Stella  (F.),  "  Contempt  of  the  World,"  47. 
Dilettanti  Society,  its  history,  64.  125.  201.  231.  313. 
Dinner  etiquette^  81.  130.  170.  275.  315. 
"  Directory  "  of  the  Scottish  Kirk,  122. 
Dixon  (J.)  on  Quentin  Matsys,  "  The  Misers,"  55. 
Dixon  (R.  W.)on  fictitious  pedigrees,  131. 

Gascoigne  (George),  the  poet,  1 52. 

Songs  wanted,  124. 
D.  (M.  R.)  on  cleaning  aquaria,  181. 
Dobson  (Wm.)  on  clerical  incumbents,  334. 

Refreshmenrfor  clergymen,  90. 

Young  Pretender,  46. 

Dock  and  Custom-house  Handy-book,  161. 
Dolphin  and  anchor,  a  printer's  emblem,  104. 
Donkey,  a  modern  word,  83.  131.  232.  292. 
Donnellan  lecturers,  list  of,  70.  153.  231. 
Donnybrook  near  Dublin,  origin  of  the  name,  171.  226. 

312.;  burned  in  1624,444. 
"  Don  Quixote,"  early  Spanish  editions,  146.  186. 
Doran  (Dr.  J.)  on  Count  Cavour's  sayings  and  doings, 
442. 

Coronation,  its  origin,  395. 

Debate  on  Impositions,  451. 

Hampden  (John),  motto,  170. 

Lane  (Bridget),  her  wit,  430. 

Maids  of  honour,  394. 

Pretender  in  England,  86. 

St.  Radegunda  and  St.  Uncnmber,  274. 

Theodore,  King  of  Corsica,  his  son  Col.  Frederick, 
170. 

Virtue  is  its  own  reward,  499. 
Derricks  on  the  Coan,  an  idol,  29. 

Cockney,  origin  of  the  word,  42. 

Ragman's  Roll,  14. 

Doughty  (Robert),  Master  of  the  Free  School  at  Wake- 
field,  325. 


Downes  (Bp.  Dive),  "  Tour  through  Cork  and    Ross," 

45. 

Downes  (E.)  on  oath  of  Vergas,  92. 
D.  (H.)  on  Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  81. 
Dragoon  Guards,  the  5th.,  motto  of.  23.  111. 
Dralymont  (J.  D.)  pseud.  J.  de  Montljard,  503. 
Drawing  Society  of  Dublin,  444. 
Drennan  (Dr.  Wm.),  noticed,  199. 
Drishecn  city,  alias  Cork,  93.  374. 
Drummond  (Henry),  M.P.,  232. 
Drummond  of  Colquhalzie,  84.  283. 
Drummonds,  the  cognizance  of,  263.  332. 
Dryasdust  (Dr.)  on  earthquakes  in  England,  142. 
Dryburgh  Abbey,  inscription  on,  a  stone,  80.  131. 
Dublin  Drawing  Society,  444. 
Dublin  society  in  1730—1735,  426. 
Dudley  (Robert),  Earl  of  Leicester,  a  new  life  of,  425. 
Dugard's  register  of  Merchant  Taylors'  School,  extracts 

from,  100.  279. 
"  Dunbar,"  its  wreck,  71.  310. 
Duncan  (Thomas),  painter,  his  letter,  248. 
Dunch  family  arms  and  crest,  376. 
Dunferrnline  (Earl  of),  letter  on  torture,  195. 
Dunkin  (A.  J.),  on  accident  on  the  Medway,  12. 

Carthaginian  building  materials,  8. 

Trinity  Corporation,  Deptford,  163. 
Dunkin  (Dr.  Wm.)  noticed,  88. 

Dunstan  -(St.);  Fleet  Street,  school  temp*  Qneen  Eliza- 
beth, 343. 

Dunton  (John),  "  Life  and  Errors,"  418. 
Du  Quesne  (John),  noticed,  81.  ( 

"  Durance  vile,"  origin  of  the  phrase,  223.  353. 
Durham  (John),  his  longevity,  438. 
Durie  at  Burghead,  38.  106.  169.  269. 
Dutch-born  citizens  of  England,  64.  187. 
Dutch  tragedy,  491. 
Dutch  war  in  England,  1664,  257. 
D.  (W.)  on  James  Ainslie  of  Darnick,  142. 

Angels  dancing  on  needles*  180. 

Chauffeurs  du  Nord,  449. 

Clerical  sepulture,  92. 

Cox's  mechanism,  367. 

Epigram.on  marriage,  423. 

Female  cornet,  344. 

Gallini  (Cav.  John),  dancing-master,  147. 

Hiffernan  (Paul),  315. 

Lane  (Mrs.),  her  wit,  385. 

"  Letters  from  Buxton,"  &c.,  412. 

Maids  of  honour,  1770,  345. 

Miss  in  her  teens,  484. 

Nugent  (Earl),  his  lines,  181. 

Rodney  and  Keppel,  387. 

Rolliad,  allusions  in,  342. 

Six  towers  on  the  English  coast,  344. 

Sorrel  and  Sir  John  Fenwick,  486. 

Sympathetic  snails,  252. 

Tragic  poet,  281. 

Window-tax  anecdotes,  305. 
Dyer  (George),  a  Junius  claimant,  261. 
Dykes  (F.  L.  B.)  on  Eudo  de  Rye,  205. 


E. 


E.  on  "  Do  you  know  Dr.  Wright  of  Norwich?  "  386. 
Jesuit  epigram,  271. 


526 


INDEX. 


E.  (A.)  on  passage  in  Menander,  327. 
Earthquakes  in  England,  142.  273. 
East  Anglian  pronunciation,  229. 
Eastwood  (J.)  on  boiled,  349. 

Bregis  or  Brugis,  233. 

Donkey,  its  familiar  names,  293. 

Cookson  (Wm.)  of  All  Souls'  College,  141. 

Gumption  and  bumptious,  275. 

Hymns,  modern  mutilations  of,  234. 

Land  of  Byheest,  208. 

•Load  of  Mischief,  inn  sign,  132. 

Malsb,  a  provincialism,  107. 

"  My  eye  and  Betty  Martin,"  315. 

Raxlands  =  captives,  312. 

Roste  yerne,  275. 

Supervisor,   and  mistakes  in  reading  documents, 
187. 

Sylvester  family,  143. 

"  Walk  your  chalks,"  152. 
Eboracensis  on  Dick  Turpin,  433. 
E.  (C.)  on  Dr.  B —  and  Luther's  story,  501. 

Latin,  Greek,  and  German  metres,  501. 

Milton's  sonnet  to  Henry  Lawes,  395. 
Edgar  family,  248.  334.  373.  415.  451. 
E.  (D.  S.)  on  boiled  in  Exodus  ix.  31.,  28. 

Children  with  beards,  484. 

Donnellan  lectures,  231. 

Edwards  (John),  Collection  of  Hymns,  102.  189. 
Edwin  (John),  actor,  his  death,  89. 
Edwin  (Mrs.),  actress,  Mac  Nally's  letter  to,  508. 
EfBngham  (John),  longevity,  438. 
Egyptian  folk  lore,  381. 
E.  (H.)  on  Dr.  Brookbank's  epitaph,  360. 
Eikon  Basilica  engraving,  27.  133. 
Eirionnach  on  biography  and  hero  worship,  381. 

Homer,  epigram  on,  206.  293. 

Horn-books,  207. 

J^  in  prescriptions,  179. 
E.  (J.)  on  Grace  Macaulay,  198. 
E.  (K.  P.  D,)  on  the  French  in  Wales,  43. 
Eldon(Lord),  a  swordsman,  121.  230. 
Electric  telegraph  in  1813,  26.  73.  133.  287. 
Elephant,  the  White,  a  foreign  order,  104. 
Eliott  (Gen.  G.  A.),  Lord  Heathfield,  original  letter, 

176.  267. 

Elizabeth  (Queen)  and  Pope  Paul  IV.,  322.;  acrostic 
on  her  reign,  65. ;  conversation  with  Win.  Lambarde, 
11.;  diplomatic  effect  of  her  excommunication,  44. 
151. 

Ellacombe  (H.  T.)  on  clerical  burials,  130. 
Elliott  (C.  J.)  on  Henry  Smith's  Sermons,  55. 
Elliotts,  their  family  arms,  198.  354. 
Ellis  (Alex.  J.)  on  Anne  Pole  and  her  family,  29. 
Ellis  (A.  Shelley)  on  the  Battiscombe  family,  45. 

Dunch  family  arms  and  crest,  376. 
Ellis  (Sir  Henry)  on  bankrupts,  temp.  Elizabeth,  6. 
Elmsly  (Peter),  bookseller,  189. 
"  Emerald  Isle,"  origin  of  the  epithet,  199. 
End,  its  meaning  as  applied  to  places,  493. 
Enquirer  on  Lambeth  degrees,  223. 
Ensisheim  meteorite  of  1492,  214. 
E.  0.  table,  56. 

E.  (P.)  on  Lewis  and  Kotska,  355. 
Epigrams :  Homer,  206.  293. 

Jesuit  epigram  on  the  English  Church,  161.  271. 

Marriage,  423,  • 


Epiphany,  or  Italian  Twelfth  Night  custom,  5. 
Epsilon  on  Dicky  Dickinson,  109. 
Epitaphs ; 

Barford  (Susannah)   in  the  Lady  Chapel,  South- 
wark,  360. 

Brookb^|k  (Dr.  John),  360. 

Malone  (Serjeant),  at  Cork,  151. 

Moore  (Sir  Jonas),  363. 

Northesk  (Earl  of)  in  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  254. 

Philpots  (Richard)  of  Belbroughton,  359. 

Person  on  Alexis,  445. 

Rogerson  (Rev.  Robert),  359. 

Serle  (Susannah)  at  Eling,  359. 

Spaniard  at  Gibraltar,  324. 

Tyler  (William)  of  Geyton,  360.  414. 

E.  (R.)  on  the  Isis  and  Tamisis,  325. 
Erase  and  cancel  denoting  obliteration,  341. 
Eric  on  tomb  of  Sir  R.  de  Hungerford,  473. 

Burning  of  the  Jesuitical  books,  488. 
Ernst  (G.  W.)  on  Hotspur  as  a  sobriquet,  65. 
Erysipelas,  its  derivation,  330. 
Esligh  on  inscriptions  in  the  Breeches  Bible,  218. 

Stanley  family,  its  origin,  141. 
Ess,  as  a  feminine  affix,  262. 
Este  on  Crinoline :  Plon-plon,  &c.;  83. 

Splitting  paper,  427. 
Eta  B.  on  the  Athanasian  Creed,  263. 

'Border  Elliotts  and  Armstrongs,  198. 

Inscription  at  Molyneux,  360. 
Ethan  or  Ythan  (St.),  inquired  after,  222.  331 
Ethenanus  (St.),  noticed,  222.  331. 
Etheridge  and  Blackwell  families,  198'. 
Eton  school  custom  on  Shrove  Tuesday,  194. 
Etymologies,  English.  176. 
Eucharist,  early  administrations  of,  222.  293. 
Eudo  de  Rye,  William  I.'s  steward,  181.  205.  314. 
Evans  (Arise),  "  Narrative  of  his  Life,"  419. 
Evelyn  (John),  as  a  parliamentary  commissioner,  257. 
E.  (W.)  on  proverbial  sayings,  462. 
Excelsior  on  lappets  of  ladies'  dress,  363- 
Excise  Office,  its  architect,  271.  331. 
Excommunication  by  bell,  book,  and  candle,  246. 
Excommunication  since  the  Reformation,  364.  428 
Exeter  Domesday  Book,  386.  434.  515. 
Exon  on  ballads  against  inclosures,  130. 

Chemical  weather-glasses,  343. 
Extraneus  on  Anne  Boleyn's  ancestry,  331. 

Three  churchwardens,  53. 

Bells  in  the  Fidgi  Islands,  303. 

De  Solemne  (Anthony),  308. 

Fye  Bridge,  Norwich,  162. 

Saint  Mathias'  day  and  leap-year,  221. 

Saint  Uncumber,  164. 
Exul  on  America  known  to  the  Chinese,  13. 

Burial  in  a  sitting  posture,  44. 
Eyelin,  a  painting  by  Lessing,  426.  495. 
Eynsham  cross,  description  of,  386. 


F. 


F.  on  chalk  drawing,  415. 

Dinner  etiquette,  315. 

Huydecoper  (B.)  on  Dutch  literature,  404. 
Faber  (Jacob),  editor  of  Hermas,  357. 


INDEX. 


527 


Facetia  as  a  bibliographical  term,  403.  473. 

Facetious  and  facetiae,  their  recent  misapplication,  141. 

Fafelty  Clougn,  its  orthography,  27. 

Fairclough  (Nathaniel)  of  Emmanuel  College,  54. 

Fairfax  (John)  on  wreck  of  the  Dunbar,  310. 

Fairplay  on  Dibdin's  Songs,  280.  468. 

Falconer  (Capt.  Richard),  "  Voyages,"  its  author,  66. 

130.  252. 

Famitch  (J.)  on  the  label  in  heraldry,  80. 
Fane  (Lady  Eliz.),  "  Psalms  and  Proverbs,"  103.  149. 
Fanshaw  (Sir  Richard),  "II  Pastor  Fido,"  464.  513. 
Farrington  (John)  of  Clapham,  163. 
Father's  justice,  a  story,  426.  492. 
Faux,  a  minor  poet,  352. 
Fawkes  (Guido),  papers  relating  to,  277. 
F.  (C.)  on  Joseph  Clarke,  470. 

Thomas  Maud,  111. 
Feat,  a  provincialism,  261. 

Featley  (Dr.  Dan.),  his  family  name  Fairclough,  54.  : 
notices  of,  87.  ;  "A  Case  for  the  Spectacles,"  13. 
313.  485. 

Feircey  (Benj.)  on  Brighton  pavilion,  276. 
Fellowes  (W.  D.),  visit  to  La  Trappe,  403.  472. 
Fenwick  (Sir  John)  and  his  sorrel  pony,  486. 
Ferguson  (David),  his  longevity,  439. 
F.  (H.)  on  Anno  Regni  Regis,  93. 

Arithmetical  notation,  147. 

Raper  (M.),  pedigree,  332. 
F.  (H.  F.)  on  John  Fishwick,  80. 
Fidelis  on  Henry  Sneath,  462. 

London  riots  in  1780,  292. 

Mac  Nally  (Leonard),  392. 
Fidgi  Islands,  its  bells,  303. 
Field  family,  162.  376. 
Finch  (Rev.  John  Augustine),  noticed,  223. 
Finger-post  rhyme  near  Bunbury,  501. 
Finlayson  on  Alter  and  Alii,  prefixes,  344. 

Sudgedluit,  its  etymology,  365. 
Finnerty  (Peter),  biography  of,  306. 
Firelock  and  bayonet  exercise,  76.  109. 
Fire  worship,  itsf)rigin,  361. 
Firmin  (Thomas),  his  Life  by  Toland,  419. 
Fisch  family  of  Castlelaw,  386. 
Fish  (Admiral  John),  noticed,  282.  334. 
Fisher  family,  162. 

Fisher  (P.  H.)  on  printers'  marks,  emblems,  &c.,  98. 
Fishwick  (John),  incumbent  of  Wilton,  80. 
Fitzgibbon  (Philip),  MS.  of  his  Irish  Dictionary,  342. 
Fitzgilbert  on  pedigree  of  Lord  Macaulay,  44. 
Fitzhenry  (Mary),  actress,  327. 
Fitzhopkins  on  bishop  preaching  to  April  fools,  131. 

Bugs,  Cimex  lectularius,  369. 

"  His  people's  good,"  &c.,  511. 

"  Les  Mysteres  du  Christianisme,"  144. 

Rolliad,  allusions  in,  452. 

Sending  Jack  after  Yes,  34. 

Voltaire,  saying  imputed  to  him,  306. 
Fitz-Patrick  (W.  J.)  on  Poor  Belle,  364.  495. 

Mac  Nally  (Leonard),  letter  to  Mrs.  Edwin,  508. 

"  Three  Hundred  Letters,"  364. 

Wellington  (Duke  of),  Limerick  address  to,  362. 
Fitzwilliam  family  of  Merrion,  161. 
F.  (J.  V.)  on  radicals  in  European  languages,  63. 
F.  (L.)  on  Sir  Wm.  Jennings,  124. 
FJambard  (John),  his  brass  at  Harrow,.  179.  286.  370. 
408.  431. 


Flamstead  (Margaret),  petition,  297. 

Flannel,  its  derivation,  176. 

Flannel,  water,  101. 

Fleet  Street,  historical  notices  of,  264. 

Fletcher  family,  162.  254.  351.  412. 

Fletcher  (George),  his  longevity,  439. 

Fletcher  (Sir  Robert)  of  Saltoun,  419. 

Fletcher  (Robin)  and  the  sweet  roode  of  Chester,  403. 

Fleur-de-lys  and  toads,  113. 

Flirt,  its  derivation,  442. 

Floyd,  or  Lloyd  (John),  the  Jesuit,  13.  55.  112.  151. 

Fly-leaf  inscriptions,  400. 

Fodder  (M.)  on  burial  in  a  sitting  posture,  131. 

Folk  Lore  :  — 

Berkshire,  380. 

Bohemian,  381. 

Clover,  four-bladed,  381. 

Egyptian,  381. 

Fairies  in  Suffolk,  259. 

Plough  Monday  custom,  381. 

Singhalese  folk  lore,  78. 

Singing  before  breakfast,  51. 

Suffolk  folk  lore,  259. 

Toothache  called  "love  pain,"  381. 

Witches  in  Suffolk,  259. 

Folkstone,  landslips  at,  26. 

Fonda,  its  etymology,  200. 

Footmen,  races  of  running,  34L 

Forbes  (Robert),  Bishop  of  Ross  and  Caithness,  321. 

Foss  (Edw.)  on  Hugh  de  Cressingham,  414. 
Full-bottomed  wigs,  483. 

Fountains,  early  notice  of  drinking,  195. 

Four  Fools  of  the  Mumbles,  1 1 . 

Fox  (Geo.),  the  Quaker,  original  letter,  460.;   his  will, 
161. 

Fox  (Sir  Stephen),  his  Life,  419. 

Foxe  (John),  resident  in  Grub  Street,  163.  251.  ;  early 
editions  of  his  Book  of  Martyrs,  8 1 . 

F.  (Q.  F.  V.)  on  Steele  of  Gadgirth,  294. 

France,  its  ancient  arms,  113. 

French  alphabet  a  drama,  331. 

French  and   English   heroism    at  Waterloo  aiid   Ma- 
genta, 43. 

French  books,  monthly  feuilleton  on,  34.  208. 

French  in  Wales,  in  1797,  43. 

French  Prayer-Book,  1552,  199.  230.  291.  354. 

French  republic  and  the  change  of  names',  78. 

French  (G.  J  )  on  Burns's  Poems,  88. 
Heraldic  tinctures,  203. 

Frith  (Mary)  alias  Moll  Cutpurse,  419. 

Frost  (J.  C.)  on  Gloucester  custom,  124. 
Maria  or  Maria,  311. 

F.  (R.  S.)  on  Drummond  of  Colquhalzie,  84. 

Fry  (E.  H.)  on  Amesbury  monastery,  60. 

Fuimus.  on  British  scythed  chariots,  225. 

Fuller  (Francis),  "  Funeral  Sermon,"  419. 

Fuller  (Dr.  Thomas),  "Abel  Redivivus,"  419. 

Fuller  (Thomas),  M.D.  of  Sevenoaks,  487. 

Fuller  (William),  his  Life,  419. 

F.  (W.  J.)  on  writers  bribed  to  silence,  24. 

Fye  Bridge,  Norwich,  162.  232. 


528 


INDEX. 


G. 


G.  on  archiepiscopal  mitre,  67. 

Gloucestershire  story,  153. 

Hailes  (Lord),  propriety  of  expression,  262. 
G.  Edinburgh,  on  Eliphant,  a  writer  to  the  signet,  434. 

Pretender  in  England,  87. 

Gallini  (Cav.  John),  his  children,  147.  251.  290. 
Galloway  (Wm.)  on  James  Aiuslie,  355. 

Knox  family,  347. 

Sundry  replies,  108. 

Galway  (Henry  de  Massue,  Earl  of),  365. 
Gam  (David)  on  peers  serving  as  mayors,  454. 
Gamaches  (Cyprian  de),  his  "  Sure  Characters,"  263. 
Gantillon  (P.  J.  F.)  on  brass  of  Robert  Le  Grys,  463. 

Distich  on  tomb  of  the  Rev.  F.  Jauncey,  513. 

Money  the  sinews  of  war,  229. 

Pepysiana,  46. 

Provincialisms,  51. 

Wedding  custom  in  London,  27. 
Gardiner  (S.  R.)  on  Bacon  and  Yelverton's  speeches,  382. 

James  I.  and  the  recusants,  317.  497. 

Parliamentary  session  of  1610,  191. 
Garibaldi  an  Irishman,  424.  473.  494.  509. 
Garstin  (J.  R.)  on  Bp.  Bedell's  institution,  411. 

Fish  (Admiral  John),  282. 

Irish  celebrities,  424 

Knighthood  by  Lords  Justices  of  Ireland,  485. 

Ride  ver.  Drive,  394, 
Gascoigne  (Geo.),  the  poet,  15.  152. 
Gascoigne  (Sir  George),  152. 
Gatty  (Margaret),  on  origin  of  term  jackass,  221. 
G.  (D.)  on  "  Load  of  Mischief,"  a  sign,  90. 
Geech  (John),  memorial  to  the  Treasury,  377. 
Geering  (Henry),  his  family,  53. 
Geeves  (Geo.),  "  History  of  the  Church  of  Great  Bri- 

tain,"  13. 
Genealogist  on  Leete  family,  co.  Cambridge,  304. 

Milbourne  family,  co.  Somerset,  305. 
Genest  (Rev.  John),  author  of  "  Account  of  the  English 

Stage,"  65.  108.  231. 
George  II.'s  halfpenny,  426.  515. 
Gerrard's  Hall  crypt,  367. 
G.  (F.)  on  burial-place  of  Lord  Denman,  503. 
G.  (G.  M.)  on  Berthold's  Political  Handkerchief,  281. 

Devotional  Poems,  314. 

"  Essay  of  Afflictions,"  388.  493. 

Manifold  writers,  444. 

Mille  jugera,  372. 

Gib  family  of  Lochtain,  Perthshire,  502. 
Gibbon  (Benedict)  of  Westcliffe,  470. 
Gibraltar,   epitaph   on  a  Spaniard,   324.   351.    375.  ; 

medal  for  the  siege  of.  176.  276. 
Gibson  (Bp.  Edmund),  his  partiality,  418.  ;   maiden 

name  of  his  wife,  1 63. 

Gibson  (Wm.  Sidney)  on  old  London  bridge,  119. 
Gilbert  on  Bible  with  Beza's  notes,  282. 

London  riots  in  1780,  272. 

Shakspeare's  jug,  269. 

Gilbert  (Claudius)  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  32. 
Gillofer,  the  great  castle,  or  gilliflower,  80.  151. 
Gilpin  (Rev.  Wm.)  on  the  stage,  66. 
Gimlette  (T.)  on  Nouveau  Testament  de  Louvain,  513. 
Gisborne  (John),  author  of  "  The  Vales  of  Wever,"  264. 
G.  (J.)  on  Britain  B.C.  1116,  402. 


G.  (Jos.)  on  the  English  militia,  395. 

Medals  of  the  Pretender,  4 12. 

Warbeck  (Peter),  his  groats,  396. 
Gladding  (John)  on  sack  allowed  to  a  minister,  24. 
Glasgow  hood,  102. 
Glastonbury  thorn,  504. 
Gleane  (Sir  Peter),  noticed,  51.  411. 
Gloucestershire  story,  93.  153. 
Gloucester  custom  :  the  lamprey  pie.  124.  185. 
Glover  (John  Hulbert),  his  death,  436. 
Glover  (Mary),  wife  of  the  martyr,  her  maiden  name, 

385. 

Glwysig  on  Price  family  of  Llanffwyst,  503. 
G.  (M.)  on  horn-books,  207. 

Label  in  heraldry,  231. 
Godwin  (Wm.),  his  "  Caleb  Williams"  annotated  bv  Anna 

Seward,  219. 

Goff(Rev.  Thomas),  dramatist,  246. 
Goffe  (Dr.  Stephen),  noticed,  246. 
Gold,  red,  described,  306. 
Goldsmith  (Oliver),  residence  in  Green  Arbour  Court, 

280.;  room  in  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  11.  91. 
Gomer  on  the  Knights  of  the  Round  Table,  473. 
Gomme  (Sir  Bernard  de),  engineer,  221.  252. 
Goodwin  Sands,  origin  of  the,  220. 
Gordon  (Mr.)  of  Ellon,  his  two  sons  murdered,  16. 
Gordon  riots  in  1780  and  the  militia,  198.  250.  272. 

292. 

Govor  (St.),  well  in  Kensington  Gardens,  3S8. 
Gowrie  (John  Ruthven,  3rd  Earl),  his  mother,  461. 
Gowry  conspiracy,  19.  76. 
"  Grace,"  as  applied  to  archbishops,  69. 
Graffiti  of  Pompeii,  21. 

Grange  (Justice  E.),  letter  to  Earl  of  Salisbury,  174. 
Grant  (Patrick),  his  longevity,  439. 
Graves  (James)  on  Poor  Belle,  435. 

Facetious  andjacetiae,  their  misapplication,  141. 

Firelock  and  bayonet  exercise,  76.  109. 

Judas  tree,  433. 

Marquis,  style  of  a,  389. 

Monastic  regulations  and  statutes,  364. 
Greek  MS.  play  in  British  Museum,  165. 
Greek  vases  and  lamps,  363. 
Greek  word  quoted  by  Dean  Trench,  113. 
Greek  youths  at  Oxford,  457. 
Green  Arbour  Court,  its  derivation,  441. 
Greenland,  first  book  printed  in,  442. 
Gregory  L,  his  supposed  decree  on  celibacy,  485. 
Gresford  (E.  C.)  on  flower  de  luce  and  toads,  113. 
Gresham  on  dock  and  custom-house  guide  book,  161. 
Grimbald  (St.),  his  tomb,  473. 
Grub  Street,  its  history,  163.  251. 
Griininger  (John),  Strasburg  printer,  385. 
Grys  (Sir  Robert  le),  noticed,  52.  353.;  monumental 

brass,  463.  510. 

Guevara  (Antonio),  "  Mount  of  Calverie,"  46. 
Gumption,  its  derivation,  125.  188.  275.  356. 
Gunn  (Martha),  the  Brighton  bather,  403.  495. 
Gunpowder-plot  papers,  99.  173.  277.  317.  497.  ;  bal- 
lad on,  12  ;  discovered  by  the  magic  mirror,  53. 
Gutoh  (J.  M.)  on  Mary  Queen  of  Scots'  missal,  482. 

Monumental  brass  rubbings,  448. 

Shakspeare's  jug,  269. 

Watson  (Rev.  George),  particulars  of,  281.  355. 
Gutch  (J.  W.  G.)  on  Temple  Bar  queries,  12. 
f  Westminster  Hall,  its  dimensions,  463. 


INDEX. 


529 


Gtithlac  (St.),  legend  of,  2o;.>. 
G.  (W.)  on  Boste  Yerne,  178. 
Gwyn  (Nelly),  ballad  on,  121.;  her  letters,  364.  435. 

G y  (W.)  on  book  dedicated  to  the  Deity,  267. 

Gyll  (Thomas)  inquired  after,  503. 


H.  on  Army  and  Navy  toast,  345. 
Crowe  family,  46.  144. 
Heraldic  query,  179. 

Hacker  (Col.  Francis),  noticed,  124.  288. 
Hackney  and  Hack,  their  derivation,  240. 
Hackney  coaches,  the  first,  178. 
Haggard  (W.D.)  on  medals  of  the  Pretender,  152. 
'Medal  of  James  111.,  272. 
Honey  value,  1704,  471. 

Hailes  (Lord),  his  propriety  of  expression,  262. 
Hailstone  (Edward)  on  fly-leaf  inscriptions,  400. 
Hale  the  piper,  notices  of,  306.  372. 
Halket  (Sir  James),  noticed,  119. 
Halkett  (S.)  on  Bebescourt's  "  Les  Mysteres,"  189. 
Hall  (Rev.  Robert),  his  nocturnal  thoughts,  275. 
Hallet  (Joseph),  Arian  minister,  421. 
Halley  (Edmund),  his  petition,  297.  338. 
Halliwell  (J.  0.)  on  Percy  library,  327.  346. 
Halloran  (Rev.  L.  H.)  "  The  Female  Volunteer,"  165. 
Hamilton  (N.  E.  S.  A.)  and  the  Perkins  folio  Shak- 

spcare,  134.  154.  211. 
Hamlet  bibliography,  378. 
Hammer-cloth,  its  meaning,  284. 
Hampden  (John),  his  motto,  1  70. 
Hampton  Court  bridge,  386. 
Hand  held  up  in  law  courts,  72.  189.  275.  3l3. 
Harley  (Edward),  2nd  Earl  of  Oxford,  notes  on  books 

and  men,  417. 

Haiiinar,  West,  brass  in  its  church,  107. 
Harnett  (Capt,  J.  C.  F.)  on  Lord  Tracton,  249. 
Harold  on  John  Nevill,  Marquess  of  Montagu,  225. 
Harrington  (James),  his  Life  by  Toland,  419. 
Harris '(Aid.  Gabriel)  of  Gloucester,  his  letter,  185. 
Harrod  (Henry)  on  the  lion  and  unicorn,  501. 
Harrow,  John'Flambard's  brass  at,  179.  286.  370.408, 

431. 
Hart  (W.  H.)  on  Gleanings  from  Treasury  Records,  257 

297.  338.  377.  399.  457. 
Raleigh  (Sir  Walter),  house  at  Brixton,  243. 
Harvard  family,  502. 

Harvey  (Gabriel),  his  fellowships  at  Cambridge,  42. 
Hastie  (John),  his  longevity,  438. 
Hastings  (John,  Lord),  his  seals,  305.  393. 
Hastings  (Warren)  and  Lord  Clive,  501. 
Havard  family,  124.  354. 
Haverfordwest,  or  Haverford,  388. 
Havering-atte-Bower,  its  minister  allowed  a  pint  of  sack 

24. 

Hawker,  its  derivation,  34. 
Hawkins  (Edw.)  on  Bp.  Horsley's  Sermons,  271. 
Hay,  or  High  Cliff,  Dover,  75. 
H.  (C.)  op  Marie*  or  Morrice  family,  486. 
H.  (C.  D.)  on  an  imperfect  hymn-book,  102. 
Hymn,  "  Lo  he  comes  with  clouds,"  111. 
Clivers's  hymns,  373. 

Heathen  illustration  of  a  Christian  formula,  422. 
Heathfield  (Lord),  original  letter,  176.  267. 


Icenan  (John  C.).  parentage,  425. 
leinekcn  (N.  S.)  on  heraldic  query,  198. 
lell-iire  clubs,  367. 

Helmsley,  a  tune,  234.  314.  373.  434. 
Henpecked,  .origin  of  the  word,  485. 
Henry  VI.,  particulars  of  his  burial,  G'2. 
Henry  VII.  at  Lincoln  in  1486,  65.;  at  the  battle   of 

Stoke  Field,  83. 

Eterbert  (Geo.),  tune  for  his  poem  "  Sunday,"  13. 
Henderson  (John),  his  longevity,  439. 
Henley  (Bridget),  her  wit,  430. 
Herald  quoted  by  Leland,  83. 
Heraldic  label,  80.  131.  231.489. 
Heraldic  drawings  and  engravings,  53.  110.  203.  275. 

333.  371.450.  508. 
Heraldic  literature  and  armorial  bearings,  460. 
Heraldic  queries,  179.   197,  198.  271.  281.  326.  376. 

413. 
Heraldic  tinctures  indicated  by  lines.  53. 110.  203.  275. 

333.  371.  450.  508. 
Herb  John-in-the-pot,  435. 
Hereditary  alias,  344.  413.  454. 
Herman  on  ancient  poisons,  198. 
Hero  worship  and  biography,  381. 
Herodotus,  his  Assyrian  history,  57.;  the  gold  ants  of, 

443, 

Hernias,  the  Editio  Princep?,  357. 
H.  (E.  Y.)  on'Thomas  Sydenham,  81. 
Heylin  (Dr.  Peter),  his  Life,  419. 
H.  (F.  C.)  on  the  burial  of  priests,  204. 
Charles  II.,  his  death,  470. 
Crucifixion,  its  date,  473. 
Donkey  and  Dickey,  232. 
Fellowes'  Visit  to  La  Trappe,  472. 
Flambard  brass  at  Harrow,  370.  431. 
Game  of  Cat,  206. 
Laystall,  its  meaning,  494. 
Lewis  and  Kotska,  432. 
Motto  for  a  village  school,  233. 
"  My  eye  and  Betty  Martin,"  375. 
Oliver  (Dr.  George),  his  works,  514. 
Pets  de  religieuses,  273. 
"  Psalter  of  the  Blessed  Virgin,"  470. 
St.  E-than  or  Y-than,  331. 
St.  Thomas  of  Hereford,  171. 
Te  Deum,  alleged  interpolations,  407. 
Title  of  the  cross,  515. 
Tyler  (Wm.),  his  epitaph,  414. 
Wright  (Dr.)  of  Norwich,  475. 
H.  (G.  A.)  on  Parisian  hoods,  244. 
H.  (G.  C.)  on  Col.  Francis  Hacker,  124. 
Hibberd  (Shirley)  on  soiled  boeks,  186. 
Hickes  (Dr.  George),  destruction  of  his  MSS.,  74.  88. 

105.  128. 

Hildersham  (Arthur),  his  family,  30. 
Hildesley  (Mark),  "  Poetical  Miscellanies,"  53. 
Hindustan,  geography  of,  209. 
"  Historia  Plantarum,"  224. 

H.  (J.)  on  Abp.  Whately  and  "  The  Directory,"  122. 
Edgar  family,  415. 

Napoleon  I.  on  the  Divinity  of  Christ,  280. 
H.  (J.  C.)  on  the  order  of  the  White  Elephant,  104. 
H.  (J.  F.  N.)  on  Edgar  family,  334. 
H.  (J.  0.)  on  Dudley,  Earl  of  Leicester,  425. 
H.  (M.)  on  ballad  of  the  Gunpowder  Treason,  12. 
H.  (M.  C.)  on  Bishop  Horsley's  Sermons,  271. 


530 


INDEX. 


Hoadly  (Bp.  Benj.),  lines  on,  423. 
Hogarth  family,  445.;  known  to  Pope,  445. 
Hogg  (James),  the  Ettrick  Shepherd,  his  letter,  366. 
Hole  family  of  South  Tawtou,  253. 
Holland  in  1625,  481. 
Holt  (John),  "  Lac  Puerorum,"  326. 
Holyrood  House,  books  printed  at,  263.  328. 
Home  (Ellen)  of  Niuewells,  484. 
Homer,  epigram  on,  206.  293. 
Homer's  Terrace,  282. 

Hood,  the  Glasgow,  102.;  of  the  university  of  Paris,  244 
Hooke  (Col.  Nathaniel),  noticed,  427.  466. 
Hop-scotch,  a  game,  97.  473. 
Hopper  (Cl.)  on  Dr.  Elizabeth  Blackwell,  78. 
Cabal,  early  use  of  the  word,  53. 
Charles  II.'s  letter  to  Progers,  46. 
Cromwell  (Oliver),  his  knights,  251. 
De  Hungerford  inscription,  168. 
Frances  Lady  Atkyns,  294. 
Genest  (Rev.    John),   author  of    the    "  English 

Stage,"  65. 

Judge's  black  cap,  132. 
Pepys's  manuscripts,  1 58. 
Rubens  (Philip),  the  artist's  brother,  75.,  247. 
Hornbooks,  their  history,  101.  207. 
Home  (Bp.),  character  of  Rev.  George  Watson,  14. 
Horneck(Dr.  Anthony),  his  Life,  419. 
Horns  used  as  drinking-cups,  1. 
Horse,  its  age,  101.  333.  353. 
Horse-talk,  18. 

Horsley  (Bishop),  Sermons  on  S.  Mark  vii.  26.,  197.J 
Horsley  (Rev.  George),  noticed,  197.  271. 
Hotspur,  earliest  record  of  the  sobriquet,  65.  254. 
Hotten  (J.  C.)  on  Dick  Turpin,  386. 
Hour-glass  and  its  familiar  use,  108. 
Houston  (Thomas),  minor  poet,  353. 
Howard  (C.),  letter  to  the  States  General,  49. 
Howard  (J.  J.)  on  Frances  Lady  Atkyns,  294. 
Howell  (James),  his  "  German  Diet,"  503. 
H.  (P.)  on  Charles  Dibdin  at  the  Nore,  306. 
H.  (P.  A.)  on  Pope  and  Hogarth,  445. 
H.  (R.)  on  pigtails  and  powder,  315. 

Young  Pretender,  334. 
H.  (S.)  on  Graffiti  of  Pompeii,  21. 

Search  warrants,  how  executed,  306. 
H.  (S.  H.)  on  Chevalier  Gallini,  290. 
H.  (T.)  on  Royal  Academy,  its  centenary,  302. 

Tart  Hall,  Burton's  Court,  &c.,  282. 
Hubbard  (Mother),  inquired  after,  244. 
"Hudibras,"  note  on,  138. 
Hughes  (T.)  on  laystall,  its  meaning,  428. 
Love  (Rev.  Christopher),  291. 
Peers  serving  as  mayors,  292. 
Pigtails  and  powder,  205. 
Tasborowe  (Sir  Thomas),  402. 
Wordsworth  Travestie,  365. 
Wythers  (John),  his  will,  388. 
Yellow-hammer,  426. 

Huguetan  (Pieter),  Lord  of  Vrijhouven,  352. 
Hume  (David),  his  brother  and  sister,  327. 
Hume  (David),  Lord  Brougham,  and  Philarete  Chasles, 

499. 

Humphreys  (H.  T.)  on  halfpenny  of  George  II.,  515. 
Hundred,  its  derivation,  112. 

Hungerford  (Sir  Robert),  monumental  inscription,  49. 
165.  293. 


Huntercombe  House,  coftiucks,  327.  514. 

Husk  (W.  H.)  on  "  High  Life  below  Stairs,"  273. 

Milton's  sonnet  to  Henry  Lawes,  337.  492. 
Hutchinson  (P.)  on  heraldic  literature,  260. 

Lucky  stones,  75. 

Hutchinsonian  system  attacked  by  Walpole,  1 5. 
Huttner's  autographs,  162. 
Hutton  (Rev.  John),  Vicar  of  Burton,  444. 
Huydecoper  (B.)  on  the  Dutch  language,  404.  474. 
Huyghens  (Christiaan),  his  Dutch  clock,  123. 
H.  (W.)  on  the  a  Becket  family,  63. 

Colours  at  Chelsea  Hospital,  244. 

Cockades  in  servants'  hats,  274. 

Money  value  in  1704,  426. 

H.  (W.  H.)  on  Dame  Ann  Percy's  inscription,  461. 
Hyde  (Saville),  sale  of  his  library,  142.  186. 
Hydrophobia  and  smothering,  454. 
Hymn:  "Go  when  the  morning  shineth,"  403.  470.; 
" Lo !  he  comes  with  clouds  descending,"  71.  111.  234. 
314.  373. 

Hymns  for  the  Holy  Communion,  91. 
Hyperboreans  in  Italy,  84. 


Idioms  of  Greek  and  Latin,  388. 

Ignoramus  on  "My  eye  and  Betty  Martin,"  171. 

Ihne  (W.)  on  Malsh,  a  provincialism,  232. 

"  II  Sfortunato  Fortunate,"  its  author,  282. 

Illingworth  (Dr.  James),  Lancashire  collections,  427. 

Impositions,  debate  on,  1609-10,  382.  451. 

Indagator  on  Pope  Paul  IV.  and  Queen  Elizabeth,  322. 

Indulgences,  their  sale  in  the  English  Church,  165. 

Ingleby  (Lady),  the  "she  cavalier,"  145. 

Ingledew  (C.  J.  D.)  on  Rev.  Samuel  Bayes,  83. 

Ballad  :  "  A  Wonder,  or  an  Honest  Yorkshireman," 
126. 

Song  :  Capt.  James  Dawson,  327. 

Weapon  Angol  or  Angul,  402. 
Inglis  (R.)  on  Hon.  Charles  Boyd,  264 

Clarke  (Joseph),  281. 

Genest  (Rev.  John),  231. 

Gisborne  (John),  264. 

Goff  (Rev.  Thomas),  dramatist,  246. 

Houston  (Thomas),  minor  poet,  353. 

"  Pettyfogger  Dramatised,"  243. 

Ranken  (Rev.  F.  J.  H.),  263. 

Siege  of  Malta,  its  author,  282. 
-"  The  Sisters'  tragedy,"  255. 

"  The  Tarantula,"  its  authorship,  230. 

Urquhart  (Rev.  D.  H.),  262. 

Usko  (Rev.  John  F.),  245. 

Willis  (R.),  author  of  "  Mount  Tabor,"  281. 
[ngram  (G.  W.  W.)  on  "  Case  for  the  Spectacles,"  313. 
[nn  signs  by  eminent  artists,  291. 
inquirer  on  Sir  John  Bowring,  365. 
inscriptions,  fly-leaf,  217. 
interest  of  money  at  different  periods,  216. 
'  Investigator,"  its  editor,  483. 
reland,  history  of  its  post-office,  47.  ;  old  grave-yards 

in,  151. 

reland  on  laurel  berries,  403. 
rish  bar,  1730,  satirical  ballad  on,  216 
rish  celebrities,  424.  473.  494.  509. 
rish  Church,  works  on  its  convocation,  243. 


INDEX. 


531 


Irish  forfeitures,  works  on,  32%. 

Irish  kings  knighted,  162. 

Irish  tenant  gala,  421. 

Irving  (J.)  on  Macaulay  family,  86.  465. 

Isca  on  early  communion,  293. 

Isenbert  of  Saintes,  architect  of  the  first  London  Bridge 

119.  254. 

Isis  mentioned  in  an  Indian  MS.,  325. 
Ithuriel  on  Michael  Angelo,  80. 

Baptismal  names,  160. 

Bunyan's  Pilgrim's  Progress,  195. 

Cromwell  and  the  mace,  423. 

Farrington  (John)  of  Clapham,  163. 

Gwyn  (Nelly),  ballad  on,  121. 

Holding  up  the  hand,  189. 

His  Majesty's  servants,  225. 

Oldys  (Wm.),  his  Diary,  45. 

Taylor  (John),  the  Water-poet,  385. 

Village  school  motto,  233. 

Vaticinium  stultorum,  425. 
I.  (T.  I.)  on  rebellion  of  1715,  70. 


J. 


J.  on  heraldic  query,  326. 

Raxlinds  in  Turkey,  244. 
J.  (A.)  on  an  ancient  ballad,  193. 
Jack,  as  applied  to  a  flag,  281.  375.  435. 
Jackass,  origin  of  the  name,  221. 
Jackson  (John),  Pepys's  nephew,  158. 
Jacobite  relics  sold  in  Glasgow,  248. 
James  I.  and  the  Komanists,  317.  497.  ;  his  hounds,  73. ; 

his  quarrel  with  the  Parliament,  191. 
James  II.,  titles  conferred   by  him  after  his  abdica- 
tion, 23. 

James  III.     See  Stuart  (James  Francis  Edward). 
Jamieson  (Robert),  editions  of  his  Dictionary,  224.  315. 
Japan,  its  literature,  210. 
Jaydee  on  early  notices  of  bugs,  500. 
English  etymologies,  177. 
Heraldic  drawings  and  engravings,  110. 
Malsh,  a  provincialism,  107. 
Spence's  pedigrees,  61. 
Tyburn  gallows,  471. 
J.  (C.)  on  armorial  bearings,  484. 
Batty  or  Battie  arms,  55. 
Finch  (Rev.  John  Augustine),  223. 
"  Walk  your  chalks,"  63. 

Jean,  or  Jane,  its  etymology,  176.  284.  •* 

Jebb  (John)  on  the  interpolation  of  the  Te  Deum,  265. 
Jenkins  :  "  Do  you  know  Jenkins  ?"  475. 
Jennings  (D.)  on  Henry  Constantine  Jennings,  65. 
Jennings  (Henry  Constantine),  pedigree,  65.  152. 
Jennings  (Sir  Wm.),  temp.  James  II.,  124. 
Jerome  (Stephen)  of  St.  John's  College,  Camb.,  144. 
Jersey  legend  :  the  Seigneur  de  Hambie,  287. 
Jewish  custom,  a  curious  one,  482. 
Jew  Jesuit,  79.  312.  354. 
Jews  in  England,  294. 
Jewitt  (L.)  on  bug,  a  provincialism,  314. 
Fanshaw's  II  Pastor  Fido,  513. 
Hale  the  Piper,  306. 
J.  (G.)  on  Gowrie  conspiracy,  76. 

Law  of  Scotland,  514. 
J.  (J.  C.)  on  Greek  rases  and  lamps,  363. 


J.  (J.  E.)  on  Breakneck  Steps,  Old  Bailey,  280. 

Johnson  (C.  W.)  on  Sir  Jethro  Tull,  103. 

Johnson  (Dr.  Samuel),  remarks  on  Dr.  Delany,  102. 

Johnston  (Arthur),  his  longevity,  439. 

Jolly  (Bishop)  aud  Sutton's  Disce  Mori,  464. 

Jones  (Inigo),  "  Memoirs  of  his  Life,"  419. 

Jones  (Rev.  John),  author  of  "  PVee  and  Candid  Dis  • 

quisitions,"  448. 

Joseph  on  "  Mors  mortis  morti,"  513. 
Joss  (Leopold),  translations  from  the  Greek,  12.  32. 
Judas  tree  in  England,  386.  414.  433.  471. 
Judge's  black  cap,  132.  253.  335.  405.  454.  ;  costume, 

45.  153. 

Jugera,  a  thousand,  324.  372.  472. 
Juniu8  :  Hugh  M'Aulay  Boyd,  claimant,  261. 
Burning  of  Jesuitical  books,  488.  509. 
Dyer  (George),  claimant,  261. 
George  III.  :  Did  he  know  Junius  ?  43. 
Juxon  (Abp.),  his  mitre,  68. 
J.  (W.  H.)  on  Boleyn  and  Hammond  families,  425. 


K. 


K.  on  Fanshaw's  "  II  Pastor  Fido,"  464. 

Henpecked,  origin  of  the  word,  485. 
"  Put  a  sneck  in  the  kettle  crook,"  446. 
K.  (E.)  on  Lessing's  picture  "  Eyelin,"  495. 
Keek-handed,  its  derivation,  188. 
Keightley  (Thomas)  on  nine  men's  morris,  97. 

Peele's  Edward  L,  7. 

Shakspeare,  transpositions  in,  358. 

"  Ullorxa,"  in  Shakspeare,  159. 
Keith  (Thomas),  translator  of  Thomas  k  Kempis  6J. 

110. 

Kelly  (Henry)  on  ancient  and  modern  punishments,  342. 
Kelly  (Wm.)  on  effigies  at  Kirkby  Belers  and  Ashby  Fol- 
ville,  507. 

Henry  VII.  at  Lincoln  in  1486,  65. 

Herald  quoted  by  Leland,  83. 
Kennaway  (Sir  Mark),  knight,  27. 
Kennedy  (C.  Le  Poer)  on  Lord  Bacon's  corpse,  132. 

Clergy  peers  and  commoners.  124. 

Delphin  Classics,  103. 

Donnybrook  near  Dublin,  171. 

Don  Quixote  in  Spanish,  146. 

Etchings  by  Theodore  van  Thulden,  367. 

Keek-handed,  188. 

Money  the  sinews  of  war,  374. 

Paule  (Sir  George),  151. 

Psalm  xxx.  5.,  passage  in,  144. 

Stuart  (Wm.),  Abp.  of  Armagh,  126. 

'•  The  twice  two  thousand,"  355. 

Ursinus  on  the  Summe  of  Christian  Religion,  366. 
Kennet  (Brackley),  jeu-d'esprit  on,  292. 
Kensington  church  organ,  petition  for  it,  399. 
Kent  (Duke  of),  Canadian  residence,  242. 
Kessler  (Julius)  on  Ur  Chasdim  and  fire-worship,  361. 
K.  (G.  H.)  on  Chettle's  Welsh,  306. 

Descriptive  Catalogue,  403. 

Daniel  (Samuel),  90.  208.  404. 

Fletcher  family,  351. 

Money,  its  value  temp.  Elizabeth  and  Victoria,  503. 

Mother  Hubbard,  244. 

Robin  Fletcher  and  the  Rood  of  Chester,  403. 
Kief,  why  the  capital  of  Russia,  242. 


532 


INDEX. 


Kidder  (Bishop),  his  character,  464. 

Kilham  (Alex.),  biographical  notice,  127. 

King  (Abp.)  of  Dublin,  his  funeral,  329. ;  his  lecture- 
ship, 124. 

King  (Bp.  Henry),  "  Metrical  Version  of  the  Psalms," 
433.  492. 

King  (Josiah)  of  Cains  College,  his  death,  144. 

King  (Thos.  Win.)  on  effigy  in  Tewkesbury  church,  175. 

Kingdom  (Jenny),  maid  of  honour,  394. 

Kingsley  (G.  H.)  on  history  reproducing  itself,  401. 

Kippen,  its  etymology,  444.  495. 

Kirkby  Belers,  effigy  at,  410.  507. 

Kirke  (Edward),  commentator  on  Spenser's  "  Shepheard's 
Calendar,"  42. 

Kirkham  (Charles)  of  Finshod,  143. 

K.  (J.)  on  Huntercombe  House,  Bucks,  327. 

Knap,  its  meaning,  346.  471. 

Knighthood  conferred  by  the  Lords  Justices  of  Ireland, 
485. 

Knights  created  by  the  Pretender,  364. 

Knights  of  the  Round  Table  and  Ossian's  Poems,  326. 
473. 

Knocldeer  Castle,  Kildare,  relics  discovered  at,  279. 

Knowles  (Herbert),  his  poems,  94. 

Knox  family  of  Ranfurly,  108.  347. 

Knox  (John),  "Account  of  his  Life,"  419.;  form  of 
excommunication,  428. 


L.  on  annexation,  its  meaning,  302. 

Lord  Bacon  on  Conversation,  87. 

Hackney  and  Hack,  their  derivation,  240. 

Horse,  its  age,  101. 

Mourning  of  Queens  for  their  husbands,  326. 

Prohibition  of  prophecies,  50. 

Prophecies,  ambiguous  names  in,  94. 

Sinews  of  war,  228.  311. 

Tablets  for  writing,  120. 

True  blue  adopted  by  the  Covenanters,  289. 
Label  in  heraldry,  80.  13*1.  231.  489. 
Lack  (James),  his  longevity,  438. 
Lambard  (Wm.)  and  Queen  Elizabeth,  11. 
Lambeth  degree  of  M.A.,  223. 
Lammin  (W.  H.)  on  chalking  the  doors,  273. 
Lamont  (C.  D.)  on  Anderson  papers,  157. 

Names  under  the  French  republic,  78. 
Lampray  (T.)  on  blackguard,  373. 

Derivation  of  titler,  305. 

North  Atlantic  submarine  telegraph,  427. 

New  mode  of  canonisation,  383. 

Proverb  :  "  Good  name  better  than  a  golden  gir 
die,"  402. 

.  Tavern  signs  in  counties,  459. 
Lamprey  pies  at  Gloucester,  124.  185. 
Lancastriensis  on  the  rebellion  of  1715,  470. 
Landlord,  first  given  to  an  innkeeper,  426. 
Land  measure  in  England  and  Ireland,  426. 
Landslips  at  Folkstone,  26.;  at  Scarborough,  109. 
Lane  (Mrs.),  her  wit,  385.  430. 
Langton  (Wm.)  on  John  Bradshaw's  letter,  205. 
Lappets  of  a  lady's  dress.  363. 
L.  (A.  T.)  on  flying  in  the  air,  28. 

Taylor  (Bp.  Jeremy),  his  pulpit,  1 78. 
Lathbury  (Thomas)  on  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  304. 


utimer  (Bp.  Hugh),  his  family,  182. 
Jatimer  (John  Neville,  Lord),  his  family,  182. 
aud  (Abp.  Wm.),  his  "  Troubles  and  Trial,"  419. 
aurel  berries,  403. 
Laurens  (Peter),  his  petitions,  297. 
aw  officers:  Attorney- General  v.  Lord  Advocate,  483. 
awes  (Henry),  Milton's  sonnet  to,  337.  395.  492. 
aystall,  its  meaning,  428.  494. 
,.  (B.)  on  the  Rev.  Christopher  Love,  1GO. 
L.  (C.  E.)  on  Dr.  Parr's  eccentricities,  510. 
Portrait  of  Sir  Henry  Morgan,  281. 
Topographical  excursion,  67. 
Lee  (A.  T.)  on  convocation  of  the  Irish  Church,  243. 
Horsley  (Bp.),  Sermons  on  Mark  vii.  26.,  197. 
Scrivener  (Rev.  Matthew),  82. 
Leech  in  water,  a  weather  indicator,  500. 
Lee-shore  explained,  182.  334. 
Leery,  a  provincialism,  51. 
Leete  family,  co.  Cambridge,  304. 
Legalis  on  Lord  Eldon  a  swordsman,  230. 
Legh  (Sir  Peter),  Bradshaw's  letter  to  him,  115.  205. 
Legislature,  when  first  used,  503. 
Leicester  (Robert  Dudley,  Earl  of),  a  new  life  of,  425. 
Leighton  (Abp.),  his  pulpit,  79.;  relics  of,  8. 
Lennep  (J.  H.  van)  on  Breda  baptismal  font,  &c.  64. 
Child  saved  by  a  dog,  24. 
Dutch  clock  with  pendulum,  123. 
Dutch  giant  and  dwarf,  423. 
Dutch  tragedy,  491. 

Earthquakes  in  the  United  Kingdom,  273. 
English  comedians  in  the  Netherlands,  48. 
Falconer  (Capt),  his  Voyages,  66. 
French  alphabet,  331. 

Huguetan  (Peter),  Lord  of  Vrijhoeveu,  352. 
Modern  BatrachyomaehSa,  323. 
Monkey,  its  derivation,  83. 
Problem  solved  during  sleep,  22.    . 
Scavenger,  its  derivation,  325. 
Slang:  "  To  slang,"  its  meaning,  471. 
Solesmes  (Anthony  de),  244. 
"  Thinks  I  to  Myself,"  its  author,  64. 
Throw  for  life  or  death,  10. 
Tromp's  watch,  330. 
Urchin,  its  derivation,  423. 
Wiltshire  (Mary),  descendant  of  the  Stuarts,  502. 
Zuiderzee,  legend  of,  140.  295. 
Leo  (F.  A.)  on  the  meaning  of  Quist,  475. 
Lepers'  hospitals  and  chapels,  124. 
Lesby  on  Professor  Person,  332. 

•Tyburn  gallows,  its  Kite,  400. 
Lessing's  painting,  "  Eyelin,"  426.  495. 
L.  (E.  T.)  on  hereditary  aliases.  454. 

Hymn  on  Prayer,  470. 
Le  Texier  (M.),  his  French  readings,  249. 
Lethrediensis  on  Bunyan's  Pilgrim's  Progress,  383. 

Concur:  Condog:  Cockeram's  Dictionary,  426. 
"  Letters  from  Buxton,"  allusions  in.  412.  471. 
Levant,  English  intercourse  with  the,  262. 
Lever  in  the  arms  of  Liverpool,  90. 
Lewis  and  Kotska,  their  deaths,  355.  432. 
Lewis  (Rev.  John),  Rector  of  Ingatestone,  his  longevity,  8. 
Lewis  (Rt.  Hori.  G.  C.)  on  the  Bouasus,  the  Bison,  and 

the  Bubalus,  1. 
Hyperboreans  of  Italy,  84. 
Lion  in  Greece,  57. 
Prugit,  its  meaning,  200. 


INDEX. 


533 


Leyden  (John),  his  portrait,  385. 
L.  (F.)  on  Crispin  Tucker,  187. 

Heraldic  drawings  and  engravings,  275.  333. 

Quotation:  "  Can  he  who  games,"  &c.,  415. 
L.  (G.  R.)  on  Shakspeare's  Cliff,  55. 
Library  catalogue,  a  descriptive  one,  403. 
Libya  on  "  Case  for  the  Spectacles,"  485. 

Father's  justice,  426. 

Featley's  "  Case  for  the  Spectacles,"  13. 

"  Ne  gry  quidem,"  485.  504. 

Provincialisms,  89. 

Quotation,  446. 
Lillie  (J.  S.)  on  General  Breezo,  511. 

Epitaph  on  a  Spaniard,  351. 
Lirnus  Lutum  on  "  Comparisons  are  odorous,"  244. 
Lingard  (Dr.),  reviews  of  his  History  of  England,  17. 
Lion  and  unicorn,  as  supporters,  501. 
Lion  in  Greece,  57. 
Lioness,  its  parturition,  57. 
Literary  Index:  Roger  Bacon,  39. 
Liturgist  on  sepulchral  slabs  and  crosses,  92. 
Liverpool  arms,  90. 

Livery  collar  of  Scotland,  341.  41  5.  472. 
L.  (J.  H.)  on  historical  coincidences,  43. 
L.  L.  on  Dr.  Delany's  preface,  102. 
Lloyd,  or  Floyd  (John),  the  Jesuit,  13.  55.  112.  151. 
Lloyd  (Geo.)  on  the  Christian  Advocate,  307. 

Crusade  bull  in  Spain,  346. 

Goldsmith  (Oliver),  relic  of,  11. 

Hymns  for  Holy  Communion,  91. 

Inscription  in  St.  Saviour's,  Southwark,  360. 

Idioms  of  Greek  and  Latin,  388. 

Nouveau  Testament,  307. 

Seneca,  poet  quoted  by,  388. 

"  Widow  of  the  Wood,"  345. 
Lloyd  (W.  A.)  on  cleaning  aquaria,  181. 
L.  (N.  S.)  on  the  name  Peppercomb,  11. 
"  Load  of  mischief,"  an  inn  sign,  90.  132.  231. 
Logic,  a  question  in,  25.  184. 
"  Logic ;  or,  the  Chestnut  Horse,"  its  author,  463. 
Ldridinensis  on  refreshment  of  clergymen,  187. 
London  Bridge,  the  first,  119.  254. 
London,  Chronicles  of,  quoted,  144. 
London  Corporation  library,  415. 
London  riots  in  1780  and  the  militia,  198.  250.  272. 

292. 

Longevity,  remarkable  cases,  104.  262.  401,  500. 
Longevity  of  clerical  incumbents,  8.  73.  252. 
Lovat  (Lord)  and  the  rebellion  of  1715,  70. 
Love  (Rev.  Christopher),  noticed,  160.291. 
Love  (David),  letter  to  Geo.  Chalmers,  1 59. 
Loveling  (Benj.),  vicar  of  Lambourn,  143. 
L.  (R.  T.)  ou  St.  Cyprian,  a  negro,  67. 
L.  (S.)  on  Plutarch's  Lives,  200. 
L.  (T.  P.)  on  Nathaniel  Fairclough,  54. 
Lucky  stones,  55. 
Lughtburgh  family  arms,  175. 
Luther  (Martin)  and  the  Bishop  of  Bamberg,  501. 
L,  (W.)  on  Lord  Roscommon's  portrait,  427. 
L.  (W.  N.)  on  money  the  sinews,  of  war,  228. 
Lynde  (Sir  H.),  discussion  at  his  house  on  the  Romish 

controversy,  13.  55.  313. 
Lyndwood  (Bp.  Win.),  his  birth  and  family,  48. 


M. 


M.  on  marriage  law,  206. 

"  My  eye  and  Betty  Martin,"  355. 
M.  1.  on  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  1679,  197. 
M.  A.  Oxon.  on  Exeter  Domesday,  434. 
Macartney  (Lord)  on  Junius  claimants,  261. 
Macaulay  (Lord)  as  a  biographer,  381,;  Ms  death,  18.; 
his  earlier  Essays,  324.;  his  pedigree,  44.  86.  152. 
250.  465. 

Macaulay  (Grace),  particulars  of,  198. 
Macclesfield  (Geo.  Parker,  2d  Earl  of),  letters  respecting 

the  Royal  Society,  338. 

MacCabe  (W.  B.)  on  "  Cutting  ona's  stick,"  53. 
Macdonald  (Andrew),  dramatic  writer,  321. 
Macdonald  (James),  longevity,  438. 
Macdonald  (James)  on  custom  at  Burghead,  38. 269. 

St.  E-than,  or  Y-than,  222. 
Mackenzie  (Dr.  Shelton)  and  Dr.  Maginn,  71. 
Mackenzie  (K.  R.  H.)  on  hornbooks,  101. 
M'Kinnon  (Daniel),  his  longevity,  438. 
Maclean  (John),  on  Sir  Peter  Carew,  254. 
Mac  Nally  (Leonard),  rescues  Bp.  Thurlow,  392.;  letter 

to  Mrs.  Edwin,  508. 
Macray  (J.)  on  Lord  Brougham  and  David  Hume,  499. 

Scotch  clergy  deprived  in  1689,  72. 

Sympathetic  snails,  72. 

"  This  day  eight  days,  90. 
Macray  (W.  D.)  on  Peter  Basset,  512. 
Madden  (Sir  F.)  and  the  Perkins  folio  Shakspeare,  211 

214.  255. 

Madryn  (St.),  noticed,  445.  512. 
Magdalenensis  on  Holt's  "  Lac  Puerorum,"  326. 
Magicians  treated  as  criminals,  50. 
Maginn  (Dr.)  and  Harrison  Ainsworth,  71. 
Magog  on  the  crossing  sweeper,  286. 

"Sing  Old  Rose,"  &c.,  264. 
Maiden,  or  clothes-horse,  51. 
Maids  of  honour,  1770,  345.  394.435. 
Maitland  (Dr.  S.  R.)  on  the  Aldiue  Aratus,  5. 

David  Wilkins,  452. 

"  Majesty's  servants,"  origin  of  the  phrase,  225. 
Makedranus  (St.)  inquired  after,  445. 
Mallet  (David),  his  quartos  of  Shakspeare's  Plays,  179. 
Maloniana,  324.  368. 
Malsh,  a  provincialism,  63.  106.  232. 
"  Man  to  the  plough,"  author  of  the  lines,  344.  392. 
Manifold  writers  in  former  times,  444. 
Manners,  domestic,  of  the  last  century,  344.  410. 
Manning  (Thomas),  suffragan  of  Ipswich,  32. 
Mansell  (Bp.  Wm.  Lort),  lines  on  a  pigeon,  483. 
Manuscripts,  recent  destruction  of,  74.  88.  105. 
Map  of  Roman  Britain,  342. 
Marazion  church,  the  mayor's  seat,  51. 
March  hares,  their  madness,  492. 
Marden  Manor,  history  of,  145. 
Maria  or  Maria,  changed  in  its  pronunciation,  122.  311. 

411. 

Marian's  violets,  80.  151. 
Mariner's  compass,  early  notice  of,  62. 
Market- Jew,  the  Mayor's  seat,  51. 
Markland  (J.  H.)  on  Bible  marginal  references,  194. 

"  Thinks  I  to  Myself,"  its  authorship,  230. 

Watson,  Home,  and  Jones,  14. 


534 


INDEX. 


Marquis,  style  of  a,  389.;  the  title   in  abeyance  two 

years,  341. 

Marriage  announcements  with  fortunes,  72. 
Marriage,  epigram  on,  423. 
Marriage  law  of  England,  112.  206. 
Martello  towers  in  Ireland,  502. 

Mary  Queen  of  Scots  at  Cruikston  Castle,  393.  ;  her 
missal,  482. ;  her  mourning  for  her  husband  Darnley, 
326. 

Maskelyne  (Nevil),  Memorial  to  the  Treasury,  339. 
Mason  (Win.)  of  Guisborough,  363. 
Masson  (Gustave)  on  Buffon  and  Mad.  de  Sevigne,  402. 

Monthly  feuilletoii  on  French  books,  34.  208. 
Mathematical  bibliography,  339.  449. 
Mathews  (H.  J.)  on  Dr.  Thomas  Comber,  307. 
„    Gunn  (Martha),  495. 

Norwegian  and  the  Rose,  326. 

Old  and  New  Week's  Preparation,  326. 
Mathias  (St.)  day  and  leap  year,  221. 
Matsys  (Quentin),  "  The  Misers,"  55. 
Matthews  (Wm.)  on  Anglo-Saxon  poems,  311. 

Butts  family,  149. 

Bavin,  its  meaning,  333. 

Jew  Jesuit,  312. 

Ness,  a  local  termination,  186. 

Peers  serving  as  mayors,  292. 

Sea  breaches  in  Norfolk,  109. 
Maud  (Thomas),  minor  poet,  111. 
Maurice  (John)  on  Hell-fire  clubs,  367. 
Mawbey  (Sir  Joseph)  and  Richard  Wyatt,  342.  452. 
Maxwell  (John),  a  blind  poet,  345. 
Mayhood  family,  291. 
Maynwaring  (Arthur),  his  Life,  419. 
Mayor  (J.  E.  B.)  on  Alexander  of  Abonoteichos  and 
Joseph  Smith,  7. 

Berkeley  (Bishop),  Works  and  Life,  140. 

Featly  (Dr.  Daniel),  87. 

Hickes  (Dr.  George),  biography,  128. 

Lloyd  or  Floyd  (John),  the  Jesuit,  55. 

Lynde  (Sir  Humphry),  55. 

Money  the  sinews  of  war,  229. 

Scrivener  (Matthew),  208. 

Thomson  (Richard)  of  Clare  Hall,  155.  237. 

Wallis  (Dr.  John),  biography,  95. 
M.  (C.)  on  Casanova's  Me'moires,  245. 
M.  (E.)  on  Colonel  Hacker,  288. 
Mede  (Dr.  Joseph),  his  Life,  419. 
Mediasval  rhymes  on  the  Nativity  of  Christ,  439. 
Medway,  accident  on,  12. 
M.  (E.  E.)  on  chalk  drawing,  123. 
Meerman  (Anna  Cornelia),  noticed,  66. 
Meik  family  of  Banchorie,  Perthshire,  502. 
Meleager  translated  by  Mr.  Barnard,  12.  94.  290. 
Meletes  on  John  de  la  Court,  223. 

Dinner  etiquette,  275. 

Legislature,  when  first  used,  503. 
Memory,  technical,  applied  to  the  Bible,  177.  480. 
Menander,  passage  in,  327.  395.  410.  493. 
Mence  family,  81. 

Mence  (W.)  on  the  M.ence  family,  81. 
Merchant  Taylors'  school,  notes  from  the  admission  re- 
gister, 100.  279. 
Me'relle,  a  game,  98. 
Mermaid,  curious  story  of  one,  360. 
Merryweather  (F.  S.)  on  chalking  lodgings,  112. 
Merton  (Ambrose)  on  four  fools  of  the  Mumbles,  11. 


Meteoric  stone  at  EnsLsheim,  214. 
Metres,  Latin,  Greek,  and  German,  501. 
M.  (F.  S.  C.)  on  hereditary  alias,  344. 
M.  (G.  J.  M.)  on  Anthony  Stafford,  47. 
M.  (G.  W.)  on  assumption  of  titles,  366. 

Heraldic  query,  197. 

Knights  created  by  the  Pretender,  364. 

Wright  of  Plowland,  376. 
Miss  in  her  teens,  a  cosmetic,  484.. 
Michael,  a  box  so  called,  151. 
Michault  (Pierre),  "  Dance  des  Aveugles,"  449. 
Middle -class  examinations,  books  for,  364. 
Middleton  (Geo.),  translation  of  "Cassandra,"  162. 
Milbourne  family,  co.  Somerset,  305. 
Miles  on  Celtic  families,  45. 
Militia,  English,  in  Ireland,  395. 
Militia  of  England  in  1780,  198.  250.  272. 
Millington  (Stephen),  MS.  Miscellanies,  67. 
Milton  (John),  his  autograph,  282.;  residence  at  Chal- 

font,  397.;  sonnet  to  Henry  Lawes,  337.  395. 
Minced  pies  and  the  Puritans.  9.0. 
Mind  and  matter,  461. 
Minns  (G.  W.  W.)  on  Bregis,  &c  ,  233 

Diego's  Contempt  of  the  World,  47. 

French  Prayer  Book,  291. 

Symbol  of  the  sow,  229. 

Minsheu's  Dictionary,  Bp.  Wren's  annotated  copy,  447. 
Mitre,  archiepiscopal,  and  ducal  coronet,  67.  188.  295. 
M.  (J.)  Edinburgh,  on  Anderson  family,  186. 

"  Essaies  Politicke  and  Morall,"  104. 

Preston  rebels,  496. 

Scotish  ballad  controversy,  118. 
M.  (J.  E.)  on  physician  alluded  to  in  "  The  Spectator," 

263. 

M.  (M.  E.)  on  Colonel  Hacker,  288. 
Mn.  (J.)  on  bumptious  and  gumption,  275. 

George  II.'s  halfpenny,  426. 
Mob  cap,  its  origin,  79. 
Mohocks,  noticed,  94. 

Mohun  (W.  de)  on  the  mayor  of  Market  Jew,  51. 
Mole,  and  the  cormorant,  502. 
Molybere,  its  meaning,  81.  233. 
Monasteries,  their  regulations  and  statutes,  364. 
Money,  its  interest  at  different  periods,  216. 
Money,  its  value  temp.  Elizabeth  and  James  I.,  503.; 

in  1704,  426.471. 
"  Money  the  sinews  of  war,"  origin  of  the  saying,  103. 

228.  311.374. 

Monk  (Geo.),  Duke  of  Albemarle,  his  Life,  420. 
Monkey,  its  derivation,  83.;  a  dead  one  never  found, 

78. 
Monson  (Sir  John), "  An  Essay  of  Afflictions,"  388.  432. 

493. 
Monson  (Lord)  on  fictitious  pedigrees,  147.  185. 

Sir  John  Monson's  Essay  of  Afflictions,  432. 
Montague  (Charles),  Earl  of  Halifax,  his  Life,  420. 
Monteith  bowl  at  Newark,  44. 
Montucla's  Histoire,  its  motto,  340.  444.  450. 
Monumental  brasses,  Ord's  collection  of  rubbings,  448. 
Moore  (Admiral),  noticed,  243. 
Moore  (Sir  Jonas),  noticed,  363.  391. 
Moore  (Thomas),  translations  noticed  in  his  Journal,  12. 

32. 

"  Moralistes  Orientaux,"  35. 
Moray  earldom,  estates  of  it,  484. 
More  (Hannah),  dramas  altered  for  the  stage,  386. 


INDEX. 


535 


Moreland  (Sir  Samuel),  Lely's  painting  of,  103. 
Morgan  (John  Minter),  "  The  Revolt  of  the  Bees,"  132. 
Morgan  (Prof.  A.  de)  on  arithmetical  notation,  52. 

Rev.  Thomas  Bayes,  9. 

Cowper's  "  John  Gilpin,"  33. 

Dedications  to  the  Deity,  350. 

Drawing  Society  of  Dublin,  444. 

"  Epistolae  Obscurorum  Virorum,"  375. 

Interest  of  money,  216. 

Logic,  a  question  in,  25.  184. 

Mariner's  compass,  62. 

Mathematical  bibliography,  449. 
Morgan  (Sir  Henry),  the  Buccaneer,  portrait,  281. 
Morgan  (Sir  T.  C.),  censured  by  the  Christian  Advo- 
cate, 307. 

Morice  or  Morrice  family,  486. 
Morigerus  on  London  riots  in  1780, 198. 
Morten  (J.  G.)  on  Sterne's  corpse.  486. 
Morton  (John)  of  Chester,  his  familv.  180. 
Mose,  Moselle,  Muswell,  199.  495.  "% 
Moss  (Abraham),  his  longevity,  438. 
Moss  (Dr.  Robert),  Dr.  Snape's  account  of  him,  420. 
Mottoes:  sundial,  279.;  Temple  in  London,  279. 
Mountains  in  Britain,  their  heights,  179.  333. 
Mourning  of  Queens  for  their  husbands,  326. 
Mousquetaires  Noirs,  463. 
M.  (S.  H.)  on  Dibdin's  naval  songs,  389. 

Naval  ballad,  272. 
Muffs,  a  slang  name,  <102. 
Mulberry  Garden,  St.  James's  Park,  406. 
Munford  (Geo.)  on  red  gold,  306. 
Mural  burials  at  Foulden,  425. ;  at  Preshute,  425. 
Muswell,  its  derivation,  199.  495. 
M.  (W.  T.)  on  notes  on  regiments,  23. 

Tyburn  gate,  its  removal,  462. 
Myddelton  (Mrs.),  portraits,  17. 
M.  (Y.  S.)  on  Rev.  William  Dunkin,  89. 

Geering  (Henry),  53. 

Gilbert  (Claudius),  32. 

Tracton  (Lord),  his  family,  26. 


N. 


Napoleon  III.,  his  supposed  first  wife,  306.  330.  474. 

Nares  (Rev.  Dr.  Edward),  his  works,  230. 

Nash  on  Chevalier  Gallini,  251. 

Nativity  of  Christ,  mediaeval  lines  on,  439. 

N.  (E.)  on  "  Vestigia  nulla  retrorsum,"  170. 

Neck  verse  used  by  malefactors,  83.  233. 

"  Ne  gry  quidem,"  485.  504. 

Nelson  (Horatio,  Lord)  and  Lady  Hamilton,  63.  427. ; 

his  coxswain  Sykes,  141.;  meets  the  late  Duke   of 

Wellington,  141. 
Nelsonics,  a  masonic  order,  268. 
Nemo  on  the  Robertons  of  Bedlay,  342. 
Neo-Eboracensis  on  Lodovico  Sforza,  called  Anglus,  33. 

Misprint  in  seventh  commandment,  33. 
Nesbit  (John),  his  longevity,  438. 
"  Ness,"  as  a  local  termination,  186. 
Netherlands,  English  comedians  in  the,  48. 
Nevill  (John),  Marquess  of  Montagu,  wife  and  children, 

225. 

Newark,  Monteith  bowl  at,  44. 
News  letters  in  manuscript,  34. 
Newspapers  in  Calcutta,  324, 


Newton  (Sir  Isaac)  on  the  longitude,  8. 
Nsw  Week's  Preparation,  its  author,  326. 
N.  (G.)  on  Thomas  Ady,  309. 

"Black  List,"  81. 

Books  dedicated  to  the  Deity,  266. 

Bright  (Mr.)  and  the  British  lion,  352. 

Burning  out  the  Old  Year,  322. 

Chalking  the  doors,  375. 

Cressingham  (Hugh  de),  515. 

Cruikston  dollar,  393. 

Eikon  Basilike,  its  picture,  133. 

Four-bladed  clover,  514. 

Jamieson's  Scottish  Dictionary,  315. 

Leighton  (Abp.),  relics  of,  8. 

Marriage  announcements  of  fortunes,  72. 

Money  the  sinews  of  war,  374. 

Nine  men's  morris,  207. 

Refreshment  for  Clergymen,  354. 

Scots'  College  at  Paris,  248. 

Yea  and  Nay  Academy  of  Compliments,  12. 
N.  (G.  W.)  on  cognizance  of  the  Drummonds,  332. 

Latin  versions  of  Common  Prayer,  333. 
N.  (H.)  on  Balk,  Pightel,  &c.,  443. 
Nibby  (Sig.),  guide-book  to  Rome,  309. 
Nicaeensis  on  etymology  of  rifle,  404. 
Nichols  (John),  missing  Parts  of  his  "  Leicestershire," 

142.  186. 
Nichols  (John  Gough)  on  Peter  Basset,  424. 

De  Hungerford  inscription,  49. 

Effigies  at  Kirkby  Belers  and  Ashby  Folville,  410. 

Flambard  brass  at  Harrow,  179.  408. 

Gascoigne  (George),  the  poet,  15. 

Grub  Street  and  John  Foxe,  251. 

Hastings  (John,  Lord),  his  seal,  393. 

Library  discovered  at  Willscott,  511. 

Livery  collar  of  Scotland,  341.  415. 
Nichols  (W.  L.)  on  Milton  at  Chalfont,  397. 
Nicholson  (Geo.),  letters  on  the  Gowry  conspiracy,  19. 
Nightingale  and  thorn,  189. 
Nine  men's  morris,  97.  207.  472. 
Niuus  besieged  by  the  Medes,  57. 
Nix  on  Lord  Eldon  a  swordsman,  121. 

Motto  for  a  village  school,  233. 

Number  of  the  beast,  242. 
Nixon  ( J.)  on  "  a  Discourse   on ,  the  present  State  of 

France,"  462.  ^ 

N.  (J.)  on  Campbellton,  Argyleshire,T4 

Four-bladed  clover,  381. 

Soiled  books,  how  cleansed,  103. 

Stakes  fastened  with  lead,  91. 
N.  (J.  G.)  on  Buckinghamshire  gentry,  332. 

James  (King),  his  hounds,  73. 

Jersey  legend  :  the  Seigneur  de  Hambie,  287. 

Note  about  the  Records,  temp.  Edward  III.,  33. 

Refreshment  for  clergymen,  288. 

Rip,  its  derivation,  72. 
Noah's  ark,  its  form,  64.  150. 
Nonjurors,  noticed,  74.  105. 
Norfolk  pronunciation,  229. 
Norman  (Louisa  Julia)  on  Nichols's  Leicestershire,  1 86. 

Pye-wype,  or  plover,  133. 
Northesk  (Earl  of),  epitaph,  254. 
Norwegian  and  the  rose,  326. 
Noughts  and  crosses,  a  game,  98. 
Nouns,   their    declension   by   internal    inflexion,  ,180, 
294. 


536 


INDEX. 


N.  (T.  C.)  on  Fleet  Street,  264. 

St.  Dunstan's  school,  temp.  Elizabeth,  343. 
Numao  in  Portugal,  464. 
Numbers,  names  of,  and  the  hand,  112. 
N.  (U.  0.)  on  old  finger-post  rhyme,  501. 


0. 


Oath,  Roman  military,  164. 

O'Callaghan  (E.  B.)  on  errors  in  Peerages,  362. 

O'Conor  (Rev.  Dr.  Charles),  "  History  of  the  House  of 

O'Conor,"  24. 

Oddy  (Obadiah),  translator  of  "  The  Lysistrates,"  465. 
Offor  (George)  on  Bunyan's  Pilgrim's  Progress,  229. 

Bunyan's  portraits,  245. 

Earthquakes  in  England,  273. 

Grub  Street  Memoirs,  251. 

Neck  verse,  &c.,  83. 

Solesmes,  the  Norwich  printer,  245. 
Oily  hero,  a  quotation,  345.  512. 
0.  (J.)  on  old  American  Psalm-book,  218. 

Bavin,  example  of  its  use,  110. 

Berwickshire  Sandy,  304. 

Books  dedicated  to  the  Deity,  266. 

Golden  (Rev.  Alexander),  305. 

"Delicise  Poeticje,  or  Parnassus  Display'd^lSS. 

Falconer's  Voyages,  252. 

Fane's  Psalms,  149. 

Fuller  (Thomas),  M.D.,  487. 

Holyrood  House  press,  328. 

Keith  (Bp.),  edition  of -Thomas  a  Kempis,  110. 

King  (Bp.  Henry),  "  Metrical  Psalms,"  492. 

Load  of  Mischief,  an  inn  sign,  132. 

Political  pseudonymes,  290. 

"  Quiz,"  by  Dr.  Dibdin,  243. 

Rennell  (Wm.),  dramatic  writer,  462. 

Robinson  Crusoe  abridged,  178. 

Rothley  Temple,  a  poem,  1 52. 

Steele  (John)  of  Gadgirth,  **  Sermons,"  2 4 4. 
0.  (J.  P.)  on  Alii,  454. 

Dinner  etiquette,  315. 

Donny brook  near  Dublin,  312. 

English  etymologies,  284. 

Havard  family,  354. 

Hereditary  al^es,  454. 

Jenkins,  the  wine-stopper,  475. 

Judas  tree,  433. 

Kippen,  its  etymology,  444. 

Knap,  its  meaning,  471. 

Livery  collar  of  Scotland,  472. 

Maria  or  Maria,  311. 

Pigtails  and  powder,  315.  470. 

Ride  or  Drive,  474. 

Splinter-bar,  330. 

"  This  day  eight  days,"  353. 

Weather-glasses,  515. 

Wet  sheet,  &c.,  334. 
Old  Week's  Preparation,  its  author,  326. 
Oldfield  (Mrs.  Anne),  Memoirs  of  her  Life,  420. 
Oldys  (Wm.),  his  MS.  Diary,  45. 
Oliphant,  its  derivation,  386.  434. 
Oliver  (Dr.  Geo.),  his  works,  404.  514. 
Olivers  (Thomas),  his  tune,  234.  314.  373.  434. 
Oracles  dumb  at  the  Nativity  of  Christ,  323. 
Oram  (H.  S.)  on  Claude's  pictures,  14. 


Ord  (Craven),  impressions  of  monumental  brasses,  448. 

Orlers  (Jan),  Account  of  Leyden,  26. 

0.  (R.  M.)  on  Roman  military  oath,  165. 

Orrery,  its  derivation,  47. 

Orthography,  aristocratic,  223. 

0.  (S.)  on  Gunpowder  Plot  discovered  by  magic,  53. 

Pretender  in  England,  208. 

Sarah,  Duchess  of  Somerset,  353. 
Ossian's  Poems,  their  authenticity,  326. 
Othobon's  Constitutions,  72. 
Overall  (W.  H.)  on  Eynsham  Cross,  386. 

William  de  Vernon,  388. 
Owen  (Garry)  on  Garibaldi  an  Irishman,  509. 
Owen  (Dr.  J.),  his  Life,  420. 
Ox,  Pseonian,  2.  ;  wild  oxen,  3. 
Oxford  (Edward  Harley,  2nd  Earl  of),  notes  on  books 

and  men,  417. 
Oxoniensis  on  passage  in  Bede,  428. 


P. 


Paap  (Simon  Jane),  Dutch  dwarf,  423. 
Pamela,  how  pronounced,  305.  394. 
Paoli  (Pascal),  death  of  his  son,  93.  170.  183. 
Paper,  how  to  split,  427.  • 

Papworth  (Wyatt)  on  architects  of  South  Sea  House 
and  Excise  Office,  271. 

Robinson  (Wm.),  architect,  434. 
Paris,  Scottish  College  at,  80.  128.  248. 
Park  (G.  R.)  on  Wright  of  Plowland,  414. 
Parker  (Antony),  MS.  common-place  book,  67. 
Parker  (Wm.),  his  issue,  446. 
Parliamentary  Session  in  1610,  191. 
Parr  (Dr.  Samuel),  his  eccentricity,  159.  510. 
Parr  (Queen  Katharine),  her  second  husband,  182. 
Parr  (Thomas),  his  longevity,  104. 
Pascal  on  Versiera,  the  Witch  of  Agiiesi,  80. 
Paslew  (Wm.),  messenger  of  James  I.'s  chamber,  6. 
Pater  on  "  As  a  small  acorn,"  &c.,  462, 
Patonce  on  Robert  Smith,  325. 

Somerset  (Sarah,  Duchess  of),  197. 
Patroclus  of  Aristophanes,  1 89. 
Patron" saints,  a  metrical  list  of,  85. 
Paul  IV.  and  Queen  Elizabeth,  332. 
Paule  (Sir  George),  Abp.  Whitgift's  biographer,  46. 151. 
Payne  (J.  B.)  on  Hugh  Hooper  of  Jersey,  64. 

Vaughan  (Sir  Hugh),  of  Jersey,  46. 
Paynell  arms,  80.  125.  171. 
P.  (C.  S.)  on  heraldic  engraving,  450. 

Oiley  hero,  512. 

P.  (D.)  on  heraldic  engravings,  371.  508. 
P.  (E.)  on  the  Goodwin  Sands,  220. 
Peacock  (Edw.)  on  ballad  against  inclosures,  64. 

Excommunication,  429. 

Kilham  (Rev.  Alexander),  127. 

Malsh,  a  provincialism,  107. 
'Naval  ballad,  80. 

New  mode  of  canonisation,  516. 

Taylor  the  Platonist,  28. 
Pearson  (John)  on  order  of  Nelsonics,  263. 
Pedigrees,  fictitious,  61.  131.  147.  185. 
Peele  (Geo.),  passage  in  "  Edward  I.,"  7. 
Peerages,  errors  in  modern,  362. 
Peers  serving  as  mayors,  162.  292.  355.  454. 
Pencil  writing,  when  first  used,  403.  475. 


INDEX. 


537 


Penance  in  the  English  Church,  165. 

Peninsular  war,  destroyed  MSS.  relating  to,  88. 

Penny-man  (John),  his  Life,  420. 

Pepin  (King)  and  the  cordwainer,  243. 

Peppercomb,  origin  of  the  name,  11.  131. 

Pepys  (Samuel),  his  manuscripts,  158, ;  queries  in  his 

Diary,  46. 

Percy  (Dame  Ann),  monumental  inscription,  461. 
Percy  Library  suggested,  327.  346. 
Percy  (Thomas)  and  the  Gunpowder  Plot,  1 73. 
Perkins's  Shakspeare  folio,  134.  154.  211.  255. 
Perronet  (John),  "  Hymns,"  263. 
Peter  of  Colechurch,  architect  of  London  Bridge,  119. 
Peters  (Hugh),  petition  of  his  daughter,  399. 
Petrarch,  his  new-discovered  poems,  13. 
Pets  de  Eeligieuses,  a  species  of  pancake,  90.  187.  273. 
P.  (G.  H.)  on  Dr.  Geo.  Oliver's  works,  404. 
P.  (G.  P.)  on  Polwhele's  Devon,  &c.,  386. 
$.  on  clerical  incumbents,  their  longevity,  252. 

London  riots  in  17807  272. 

Pountefreit  on  the  Thames,  343. 
<£.  on  land  measure,  426. 

Mottoes  of  regiments,  271. 

Nelson  (Lord)  and  Lady  Hamilton,  427. 
Philipot  (John),  bailiff  of  Sandwich,  97. 
Phillips  (J.  P.)  on  Haverfordwest,  388. 

Mermaid,  story  of  one,  360. 

Mind  and  matter,  461. 

Newton  (Sir  Isaac)  on  the  longitude,  8. 

Races  of  running  footmen,  341. 
Phillott  (F.)  on  the  anemometer,  442. 

Bavins  and  puffs,  471. 

Cold-Harbour :  Coal,  494. 

Early  coronations,  346. 

Heathen  illustration  of  a  Christian  formuhiy  422. 

Jewish  custom,  482. 

Judas  tree,  471. 

Roman  Derby-day,  443. 

Silver  trowel  and  golden  spoon,  460. 
Philo-Baledon  on  Macaulay  family,  250. 

Music  of  "  The  Twa  Corbies,"  251. 

Scottish  ballad  controversy,  231. 
Philological  changes  :  the  vowel  A,  384. 

Philology ;  — 

Balk,  its  etymology,  443. 

Brangle,  51. 

Bug,  conceited,  proud,  261. 

Bumptious,  275. 

Cinnabar,  478,  479. 

Daisy,  remarkable,  extraordinary,  261. 

Feat,  a  mystery,  261. 

Flannel,  its  derivation,  177. 

Gumption,  125.  188.  275. 

Joan,  or  Jane,  its  etymology,  177. 

Malsh,  melsh,  or  melcb,  63.  107.  232. 

Pightel,  its  meaning,  443.  489. 

Rappee,  its  derivation,  464. 

Rumble,  a  seat  behind  a  carriage,  177. 

Ship-shapen,  65. 

Splinter-bar,  its  meaning,  177. 

Urchin,  423. 

Vermilion,  477. 

Philpots  (Richard),  epitaph,  359. 
Photography  foreshadowed,  122.  295. 
Pickering  family,  46. 


Pickering  (T.W.)  on  Pickering  family,  46. 

Pie,  or  Pye,  in  liturgical  works,  52. 

Pierius  (Christ),  "  Christus  Crucifixus,"  123. 

Piesse  (G.  W.  S.)  on  discoloured  coins,  413. 

Pigeon,  lines  on  one,  483. 

Pigot  (Charles),  author  of  the  "  Jockey  Club,"  462.      ] 

Pightel,  its  meaning,  443.  489. 

Pig-tails  discontinued  iu  the  army  and  navy,  163.  205. 

315.  354.451. 

Pikle,  an  obsolete  word,  443.  489. 
Pilsley  well,  or  tap-dressing,  430. 
Pinks  (W.  J.)  on  Mose,  Moselle,  Muswell,  199. 

Soup  house  beggars,  263. 
Pitt  (Wm.),  picture  in  the  Louvre,  125. 
P.  (J.  L.)  on  Latin  puzzle,  443. 
Plate,  its  derivation  as  applied  to  silver  articles,  200. 
Plon-plon,  origin  of  the  phrase,  83.  187. 
Plough  Monday  custom,  381. 
Ploughs  vulgarly  called  waggons,  492. 
Plum  (Thomas),  his  longevity,  439. 
Plumptre  (Rev.  J.),  his  Dramas,  66. 
Plutarch's  Lives  commended,  200. 
Pn.  (J.  A.)  on  Babington  family,  195. 

Bishops  elect,  85. 

Clerical  M.P.'s,  232. 

Dutch-born  citizens  of  London,  187. 

Judas-tree,  433. 

Macaulay  family,  152. 
Poetical  periodicals,  198. 
Poisons,  ancient,  198. 
Pole  (Anne),  her  family,  29. 
Political  pseudonymes,  198.  290. 
Polwhele  (Richard),  MS.  of  his  Devon,  386. 
Pomfret  on  the  Thames,  343.  395. 
Pompeii,  the  Graffiti  of,  21. 

Pope,  his  temporal  government  in  the  18th  cent.,  137. 
Popiana:  "Additions  to  Pope's  Works,"  attributed  to 
W.  Warburton,  198. 

Hogarth  known  to  Pope,  445,  495. 

Pope  and  Lord  Bolingbroke,  37. 
Person  (Richard),  his  eccentricity,  101.332.;  epitaph 

on  Alexis,  445. 

"  Portreature  of  Delilah,"  its  author,  343. 
Postage  stamps,  their  varieties,  482. 
Post-office  in  Ireland,  its  history,  47. 
Pountefreit  on  the  Thames,  343.  395. 
Powder,  hair,  discontinued,  1 63.  205. 
Powell  (J.  J.)  on  Gloucester  custom,  185. 
Powell  (J.  P.)  on  John  Bradshaw's  letter,  1 1 5. 
Power  (Richard),  Baron  of  the  Exchequer,  90. 
P.  (P.)  on  initials' of  an  artist,  199. 

Breezo  (General),  a  wine-stopper,  484. 

Fletcher  family,  254. 

Horse,  its  age,  353. 

Seize  Quartiers,  463. 
Pratellis  (De),  family,  468. 
Pratt  (L.  A.)  on  Wm.  Pitt's  portrait,  125. 
P.  (R.  B.)  on  heights  of  mountains,  333. 
Preanx  on  De  Pratellis  monasteries,  469. 
Pretender.     See  Stuart. 
Price  family  of  Llanffwyst,  503. 
Prideaux,  its  etymology,  428.  468. 
Pringle  (Mark),  M.P.  for  co.  Selkirk,  299, 
Printers'  marks,  emblems,  and  mottoes,  98. 
Prior  (Sir  James),  "  Life  of  Malone,"  324.  368. 
Prison  base,  or  prison  bars,  25. 


538 


I^DEX. 


Problem  solved  during  sleep,  22. 
"  Promus  and  Condus,"  explained,  224. 
Pronessos  on  Fisher  family,  162. 
Prophecies,  ambiguous  proper  names  in,  94. 
Prophecies,  prohibition  of,  50. 

Proverbs  and  Phrases : 

A  propos  de  bottes,  14. 

Buff:  "  To  stand  buff,"  5. 

Chloe:  as  drunk  as  Chloe,  462. 

Cocking  an  eye,  289. 

Comparisons  are  odorous,  244.  310. 

Cutting  one's  stick,  53.  207. 

Durance  vile,  223. 

Fly  in  the  air,  28. 

Good  name  better  than  a  golden  girdle,  402. 

Hatter:  "as  mad  as  a  hatter,"  462. 

Holding  a  candle  to  the  Devil,  29. 

Knock  under,  225. 

Let's  sing  old  Kose,  and  burn  the  bellows,  72. 

Married  by  the  hangman,  487. 

Money  the  sinews  of  war,  103.  228.  374. 

My  eye  and  Betty  Martin;  72. 171.  230.  355.  375. 

392. 

Ne  gry  quidem,  485.  504. 
Not  leaving  the  Devil  a  drop,  29. 
Put  a  sneck  in  the  kettle  crook,  446. 
Sending  Jack  after  Yes,  34. 
Ship-shapen,  65. 

This  day  eight  days,  90.  153.  353. 
Upper  crust,  183. 
Upper  ten  thousand,  183.  355. 
Virtue  is  its  own  reward,  499. 
Vocative  :  To  be  found  in  the  vocative,  445. 
Walk  your  chalks,  63.  112.  152.  289. 
Whipping  the  cat,  325. 

Provincialis  on  a  Gloucestershire  story,  93. 

Prugit,  in  the  law  of  the  Alamanni,  4.  55.  200. 

Prussian  iron  medal,  33.  91.  130.  207. 

Prynne  (William),  his  character,  419. 

P.  (S.)  on  Anglo-Saxon  literature,  29. 

Psalm  xxx.  5.,  passage  in,  144. 

Psalms,  metrical  version  in  Welsh,  26. 

Psalter  in  MS.  presented  to  Pope  Adrian  I.,  505. 

P.  (S.  E.)  on  etymology  of  Prideaux,  428. 

P.  (S.  T.)  on  Stockdales  the  publishers,  447 

P.  (T.  S,)  on  the  Stuart  papers,  23. 

Public  disputation,  447. 

Puck  on  Union  Jack  flag,  435. 

Punishments,  ancient  and  modern,  342. 

Punning  and  pocket-picking,  origin  of  the  phrase,  222. 

Purkis  (Samuel)  on  provincialisms,  261. 

Purvis  (Sir  A.),  his  portrait,  484. 

Puzzle,  a  Latin,  443. 

P.  (W.)  on  Chronicle  of  London,  144. 

Fish  called  sprot,  78. 

Lambarde  (Wm.)  and  portrait  of  Richard  II.,  11 

Memorandum  book  on  Art,  294. 

Mince -pies  and  the  Puritans,  90. 

Mob-cap,  origin  of  the  name,  79. 

Steel,  origin  of  the  word,  223. 

Supervisor,  temp.  Queen  Elizabeth,  13. 
P.  (W.  F.)  on  dinner  etiquette,  130. 
Pye-Wype,  its  meaning,  65.  133.  352.' 


Q. 

Q.  on  Anthony  de  Solemne,  308. 

Archer  (Edward)  of  Berks,  387. 

Bamfius  :  Bladwell,  502. 

Shirley  family,  388. 

Tyrwhitt's  Opuscula,  198. 
Q.  (P.)  on  Campbell's  "  Battle  of  the  Baltic,"  462. 

Who  is  the  Brigand,  503. 
Q.  (R.  S.)  on  "  Cock'an  eye/'  289. 

Cockney,  origin  of,  454. 

Gumption,  its  derivation,  189. 

"  Round  about  our  Coal  Fire,"  132. 

"  Yea  and  Nay  Academy  of  Compliments,"  110, 
Quakers  described,  403.  474. 
Quarter,  as  a  local  termination,  143.  287. 
Querist  on  Gowrie's  mother,  461. 

Seals  of  Lord  Hastings,  305. 
Quist,  an  affix,  its  derivation,  364. 
"  Quiz,"  edited  by  Dr.  Dibdin,  243. 
Quorum  Pars  on  Thos.  Swift  of  Goodrich,  471. 

Quotations  :  — 

As  a  small  acorn  to  a  forest  grows,  462. 
Cassar  regnabit  ubique,  etc.,  502. 
Can  he  who  games  have  feeling  ?  26.  415. 
.  Cleanliness  next  to  godliness,  446. 
Could  we  with  ink  the  ocean  fill,  78. 
Dogs  fighting,  200. 

Dominus  regnavit  a  ligno,  127.  273.  329. 
He  who  runs  may  read,  146. 
I'll  make  assurance  doubly  sure,  446. 
Man  to  the  plough,  344. 
Mors  mortis  morti  mortem,  etc.,  445.  513. 
My  blessings  on  your  head,  446. 
Nunquam  periclnm  sine  periclo  vincitur,  446. 
Politeness  is  benevolence  in  trifles,  446.  516. 
Quando  puer  sedebit  in  sede  lilia,  502. 
See  where  the  startled  wild  fowl,  44. 
She  took  the  cup  of  life  to  sip,  446. 
The  Lord  our  God  is  full  of  might,  446. 
There  was  turning  of  keys,  &c.,  66. 
They  came,  .they  went.     Of  pleasures  past  away, 

Trust  not  in  Reason,  Epicurus  cries,  446. 

We  wept  not,  though  we  knew  that  'twas  the  last 

446. 
Words  are  fools'  pence,  446.  516. 


R. 

R.  on  Taylor  club,  289. 

RP  in  prescriptions,  origin  of  the  symbol,  179. 

R.  (A.  A.)  on  King  Pepin  and  the  cordwainer,  243. 

Oily  hero,  345. 
R,  (A-  B.)  on  the  land  of  Beheest,  101. 

Epigram  corner,  61. 

Graveyards  in  Ireland,  151. 

Neck  verse,  233. 

Nouveau  Testament,  391. 
Races  of  running  footmen,  341. 
Radicals  in  European  languages,  63.  113.  254. 
Ragman's  Roll,  on  Scottish  records,  14. 
Raleigh  (Sir  Walter),  house  at  Brixton,  243.  331.  410. 


INDEX. 


539 


Ralphson  (Mary),  her  longevity,  439. 

Ramsey  (John)  and  the  Gowry  conspiracy,  19. 

Randolph  (Sir  Thomas),  noticed,  13. 

Rankin  (Rev.  Francis  John  Harrison),  263.  353. 

Raper  (M.),  Shakspearian  editor,  281.  332. 

Rapin  and  Tindal's  "  England,"  its  dates,  343. 

Rappee,  origin  of  the  word,  464. 

Rawlinson  (Robert)  on  Wellington  and  Nelson  meeting, 

141. 

Raxlinds,  its  meaning,  244.  312. 
R.  (C.  P.)  on  Rev.  John  Genest,  108. 
R.  (E.)  on  electric  telegraph,  133. 
Rebellion  of  1715,  notices  of,  70.  404.  470.  496. 
Records  of  the  Treasury,  gleanings  from-,  257.  297.  338. 

377.  399.  457. 

Records,  temp.  Edward  III.,  note  about,  33. 
Red  Book  on  Hengest,  125. 
Redmond  (S.)  on  the  Drisheen  city,  93. 

Irish  kings  knighted,  162. 

Reporters,  the  first,  160. 

Weather  indicator,  500. 
Reeve  (Miss  Clara),  her  Poems,  327. 
R.  (E.  G.)  on  Coningsby's  "  Marden,"  145. 

End,  in  local  nomenclature,  493. 

Horse-talk,  18. 

March  hares,  492. 

Plough,  or  team,  492. 

Publication  of  banns,  492. 

Sea-breaches  in  Norfolk,  30. 

Swans,  male  and  female,  493. 
Regiment  (5th)  of  Dragoon  Guards,  motto,  23.    111. 

170.  395.  433. 
Regiments,  mottoes  used  by,  221.  ;  notes  on,  23.  111. 

170.  433. 

Regnal  years,  how  reckoned,  93. 
Rembrandt's  engravings,  367.  412. 
Rennell  (Rev.  Thomas),  "  Remarks  on  Scepticism,"  307. 
Rennell  (Wm.),  dramatic  writer,  463. 
Reporters,  early,  160. 
Republic  of  Babine,  282. 
Reverend  :  Most  and  Right,  as  a  prefix,  483. 
R.  (F.)  on  Dr.  Hickes's  manuscripts,  128. 
R.  (F.  R.)  on  Illingsworth's  Lancashire  Collections,  427. 

Wright  of  Plowland,  355. 
R.  (G.)  on  the  republic  of  Babine,  282. 

Dates  in  historical  works,  343. 
Rhadegund  (St.),  noticed,  164.  274. 
Rheged  (Vryan)  on  Robert  Lord  Clive,  14. 

Herbert  (George),  poem  "  Sunday"  set  to  music, 
13. 

Knap,  its  meaning,  346. 

Metrical  Psalms  in  Welsh,  26. 
Richard  II.,  his  portrait,  11. 
Ride  ver.  Drive,  326.  394.  474. 
Rifle,  its  etymology,  404. 
Rifle  pits,  early  notices  of,  63. 
Rifling,  a  game,  404. 
Riley  (H.  T.)  on  judges'  costume,  153. 
Rimbault  (Dr.  E.  F.)  on  Calverly's  portrait,  180. 

Helmsley  tune,  434. 

Le  Texier  (M.),  his  French  readings,  249. 

Minsheu's  Dictionary  annotated,  447. 

Old  London  Bridge,  254. 

Paoli  (Col.  Frederick),  biography  of,  183. 

Raleigh's  house  at  Mitcham,  410. 

Shakspeare,  original  quartos  of,  179. 


Rimbault  (Dr.  E.  F.)  on  Stewart  (Mrs.  Dugald),  493. 

Tart  Hall,  St.  James'  Park,  406. 

Weaver's  Songs  and  Poems  of  Love,  295. 
Rip,  or  demi-rip,  a  rake,  72. 
Ripon  Cathedral,  early  communion  in,  222.  293. 
Rix  (Joseph)  on  longevity  of  the  clergy,  252. 

Mohocks,  94. 
Rix  (S.  W.)  on  East  Anglian  pronunciation,  229. 

Duke  of  Kent's  Canadian  residence,  242. 
R.  (J.)  on  Edward  Chamberlayne,  486. 

Cimex  lectularius,  453. 

Excommunication  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  44. 

Game  of  cat,  205. 

Law  officers,  483. 
R.  (J.  S.)  on  Union  Jack  flag,  435. 
R.  (L.  X.)  on  the  meaning  of  Quarter,  287. 
R.  (M.  S.)  on  Sir  Bernard  de  Gomme,  252. 

Epitaph  on  a  Spaniard,  324. 

Military  centenarians,  438. 

Medal  for  the  siege  of  Gibraltar,  267. 

Moore  (Sir  Jonas),  363. 
R.  (N.)  on  Alban  Butler's  family,  502. 
R.  (N.  H.)  on  Scottish  college  at  Paris,  80. 
Roads,  Roman,  their  construction,  242. 
Robertons  of  Bedlay,  their  descendants,  342. 
Robinson  (C.  J.)  on  Acheson  family,  344. 

Armorial  bearings,  80.  125. 

Bladud  and  his  pigs,  110. 

Church  towers,  342. 

Chilcott  (Rev.  Christopher),  81. 

Clifton  of  Leigh  ton  Bromswold,  364. 

Coxe  (Daniel),  262. 

Crowe  family,  110. 

Daniel  (Samuel),  the  poet,  152. 

Groom:  Hole  of  South  Tawton,  253. 

Merchant  Taylors'  School  registers,  100.  279. 

Notes  on  regiments,  395. 

Robinson  (Robert)  of  Edinburgh,  327. 

Robinson  (Wm.)  architect,  331. 

Rowswell(Sir  Henry),  112. 
Robinson  (John),  M.P.  for  Harwich,  412. 
Robinson  (N.  H)  on  Nathaniel  Hooke,  467. 
Robinson  (Wm.),  architect,  272.  331.  434; 
"  Robinson  Crusoe  Abridged,"  178.  276. 
Rochester  (Earl  of),  anecdote  of,  325. 
Rock  (Dr.  D.)  on   the  Hungerford  inscription  and  its 
indulgences,  165.    . 

Excommunication,  428. 

St.  Ethenanus,  331. 

"  Rock  of  ages,"  Latin  translation,  386.  434. 
Rockingham  (Watson- Went  worth,  Marquis  of),  449. 
Roflfe  (Alfred)  on  Shakspeare  music,  283. 

Tap-dressing,  430. 
Rogers  (Major  R.),  noticed,  162. 
Rogerson  (Rev.  Roger),  epitaph,  359. 
Rogg  (J.),  mathematical  bibliographer,  450. 
Rolands's  electric  telegraph,  287. 
Rolliad,  allusion  in  the,  342.  452. 
Roman  Britain,  map  of,  342. 
Roman  Catholic  recusancy  fines,  temp.  James  L,  317. 

497. 

Roman  military  oath,  164. 
Roman  races,  443. 

Roman  roads,  their  construction,  242. 
Rondel  (Jacob  Du),  professor  at  Sedan,  146. 
Roscommon  (Wentworth  Lord),  portrait,  427. 


540 


INDEX. 


Rose  (Rt.  Hon.  George)  on  Lord  Bolingbroke,  37.;  on 

Junius.  43. 

Ross  family  of  Balkaile,  502. 
Roste  Yerne,  its  meaning,  178.  275. 
Rous"(Francis),  "  Metrical  Psalms,"  218. 
Rowe  (Nicholas),  "  Life  and  Writings  of  Shakspeare," 

420. 

Rowswell  (Sir  Henry),  of  Ford  Abbey,  47.  112. 
Royal  Academy,  its  centenary,  302. 
Royal  Society,  documents  relating  to,  338. 
R.  (R.)  on  barony  of  Broughton,  16. 
R.  (S.  P.)  on  an  order  called  sea-serjeants,  80. 
Rubens  (Sir  Peter  Paul),  departure  from  England,  96. 

129.  247.;  prices  of  his  pictures,  139. 
Rubens  (Philip),  brother  of  the  artist,  75.  129.  247. 
Rubric  of  the  Communion  service,  123. 
Rumble,  a  carriage-seat,  origin  of  the  word,  176.  284. 
Russell  (Admiral),  his  portrait,  442. 
Rutherford  family  pedigree,  403. 
Rye  (W.  B.)  on  the  Ensisheim  meteorite.  214. 


S.  on  Apollo  Belvedere  statuette,  280. 

Napoleon  HI.'s  first  wife,  330. 

Passage  in  Sir  Philip  Sidney,  244. 

Westerholt  (Baron  von),  387. 
S.  (A.  B.)  on  Lessing's  painting  M  Eyelin,"  426. 
Sacheverell  (Dr.  Henry),  lines  on,  423. 
Sack  as  a  liquor  in  1717,  24. 
Sainsbury  (W.  Noel)  on  the  first  Hackney  coaches,  178. 

Sir  P.  P.  Rubens,  96.  129. 
St.  Dunstan's  school,  temp.  Elizabeth,  343. 
St.  Govor's  well  in  Kensington  Gardens,  388. 
St.  Liz  on  Buckingham  gentry,  243. 

Johanne  de  Colet,  223. 
St.  Madryn  noticed,  445.  512. 
St.  Makedranus  noticed,  445. 
St.  Maur  (E.  R.)  on  noble  orthography,  223. 
St.  Paul,  character  of  his  handwriting,  482. 
St.  Thomas  Cantilnpe,  of  Hereford,  77.  171. 
Salisbury  Cathedral  spire,  a  watch  cleaned  on  its  sum- 
mit, 11. 

Salisbury  (Sally),  her  Life  by  Captain  Walker,  420. 
Salmon  (R.  S.)  on  punning  and  pocket-picking,  222. 
Salt:  «  Sitting  below  the  salt,"  365. 
Salt-foot  controversy,  365. 
Sanglier,  la  Chasse  du,  drawings  of,  404. 
Sancroft  (Abp.)  his  mitre,  68. 
Sandwich  (Countess  Dowager  of),  on  Judas  tree,  433. 
Sanscrit  numbers,  112. 
Sans-culottes,  origin  of  the  name,  89. 
Sansom  (J.)  on  bishops  elect,  86. 

Clifton  of  Leighton  Bromswold,  411. 

Glover  (Mary),  maiden  name,  385. 

Lyndvvood  (Bishop),  his  birthplace,  48. 

Paule  (Sir  George),  notices  of,  46. 

Pye-wype,  its  meaning,  65. 

Yoftregere,  its  meaning,  131. 
S.  (A.  R.)  on  hymn  on  Prayer,  403. 
S.  (A.  W)  on  alliterative  poetry;  123. 
Sayers  (Thomas),  parentage,  425. 
S.  (C.)  on  Frances  Lady  Atkyns,  197. 

Morton  family,  180. 
Scarborough,  landslip  at,  109. 


Scarlett  family,  196. 

Scavenger,  its  derivation,  325. 

S.  (C.  E.)  on  Rev.  Peter  Smith,  445. 

Schinderhannes,  John  the  Burner,  449. 

Scholade  Sclavoni,  501. 

Scorpio  on  Cole  family  arms,  179. 

Scotch  Acts  of  Parliament,  159. 

Scotch  clergy  deprived  in  1689,  72.  108.' 

Scotch  gentry,  the  old,  158. 

Scotish  ballad  controversy,  118.  231. 

Scotland,  livery  collar  of,  341.  415.  472. 

Scott  (John)  on  Wicquefort  manuscripts,  324. 

Scott  (Sir  Walter),  anecdotes  of  his  childhood,  298.; 
on  Capfc.  Falconer's  Voyages,  66. 

Scottish  college  at  Paris,  80.  128.  248.     .    . 

Scottish  law  and  family  names,  446.  514. 

Scotus  on  the  old  Scotch  gentry,  158. 

Scrivener  (Rev.  Matthew)  of  Haselingfield,  82. 

Scrutator  on  Knights  of  the  Round  Table  and  Ossian's 
Poems,  326. 

Scudamore  (Frances),  Duchess  of  Beaufort,  her  mar- 
riages, 181. 

Scutcheon,  the  king's,  a  badge,  6.  51. 

S.  (D.)  on  ventilate,  490. 

S.  (D.  W.)  on  Mary  Channing's  execution,  224. 
Gomme  (Sir  Bernard  de),  221. 

S.  (E.)  on  Cromwell's  interview   with  Lady  Ingleby, 

Sea-breaches  in  Norfolk,  30.  109,  288.  353. 

Sea  Serjeants,  a  masonic  body,  80. 

Seagrave  (Robert),  Methodist  preacher,  142.  250.  314. 

Search  warrants,  how  executed,  306. 

Searcher,  origin  of  the  office,  264. 

Seats  in  churches,  370. 

Sedding  (Edmund)  on  chair  at  Canterbury,  484. 

Sedgwick  (Daniel)  oil  Rev.  Nathaniel  Bull,  274. 

"  Devotional  Poems,"  223. 

Edwards's  Collection  of  Hymns,  189. 

Hymn  :  "Lo  !  he  conies  with  clouds,"  71.  314. 

Perronet's  Hymns,  263. 

"  Portreature  of  Dalilah,"  343. 

Seagrave  (Robert),  Methodist  preacher,  142.  314. 
Seize  quartiers,  462. 

S.  (E.  L.)  on  witty  classical  quotations,  247. 
Selden  (John),  his  Life,  420. 
Selrach  on  "  A  propos  de  bottes,"  14. 

Bregis,  or  satin  of  Bruges,  233. 

Computus,  &c.,  232. 

Label  in  heraldry,  231. 

Longevity  of  clerical  incumbents,  252. 

Robert  Rogerson's  epitaph,  359. 

Witty  classical  quotations,  246. 
Seneca,  poet  quoted  by,  388. 
Senescens  on  Rev.  Edw.  Wm.  Barnard,  290. 
Senex  on  translations  noticed  by  Moore,  12. 
Senex,  Junior,  on  the  label  in  heraldry,  131. 
Sepulchral  slabs  and  crosses,  27.  92.  130.  204. 
Serle  (Susannah),  monumental  inscription,  359. 
Serpyllum  on  cognizance  of  the  Drummonds,  263. 
Serrao  (Father),  his  "  Lewis  and  Kotska,"  355. 
Sevigne  (Madame  de),  her  letters,  402. 
Seward  (Anna),  her   annotations    in   Godwin's   Caleb 

Williams,  219. 
S.  (F.)  on  bee  superstitions,  443. 

Jamieson's  Scottish  Dictionary,  224. 

Witty  translations,  413.  512. 


INDEX. 


541 


S.  (F.  J.)  on  Aphra  Behn's  collected  Plays,  242. 
Sforza  (Ludovicus),  why  called  Anglus,  33. 
Shaftesbury  (Earl  of),  anecdote  of,  325. 
Shagreen,  a  species  of  silk,  265. 

Shakspeare :  — 

Coriolanus,  Act  III.  so.  2.  :  "  waving  thy  Lead," 

&c.,  358. 

Etymology  of  Shakspeare.  459. 
Hamlet  bibliography,  378.  459. 
Jug  belonging  to  the  poet,  198.  268. 
Love's  Labour's  Lost,  Act  II.  sc.  1.:  "  Well-fitted 

in  arts,"  358. 
Macbeth,  Act  IV.  sc.  1. :  "  Though  Waded  corn  be 

lodged,"  459. 

Mallet's  original  quartos,  179. 
Manuscripts  discovered  relating  to  Shakspeare,  134. 

154. 
.Measure  for  Measure,  Act  II.  sc.  2. :  "If  the  first 

that  did  th'  edict  infringe,"  358. 
Music  of  his  Plays,  283. 
Plays  translated  into  Dutch,  49. ;  and  acted  in  the 

Netherlands,  49.;  reprint  of  Folio  of  1623,  242. 
Howe  (Nicholas),  Life  and  Writings  of  Shakspeare, 

420. 
Tiinon  of  Athens,  Act  II.  sc.  4.  ;  "  Lucius  Lueul- 

"lus,  and  Sempronius  Ullorxa,  all,"  159. 
Transposition  of  passages,  358. 
Troilus  and  Cressida,  Act  V.  sc.  2. :  "As  Ariach- 

ne's  broken  woof,"  358. 
Willobie    (Henry),    notices     Shakspeare    in    his 

"  Avisa,"  59. 

Shakspeare  controversy  on  the  Perkins  Folio,  134.  154. 
211.  255. 

Shakspeare's  Cliff,  called  Hay  Cliff,  55. 

Sharpe  (F.)  on  Cruden  and  Addison,  440. 

Shaw  (John),  the  life-guardsman,  303. 

Sheldon  (Abp.  Gilbert),  his  mitre,  68. 

Sherwood  (Mrs.),  pedigree  in  her  Life,  61. 

Shildon  on  Thomas  Randolph,  13. 

Ship-shapen,  its  meaning,  65. 

Shirley  family  pedigree,  388. 

Shovel  (Sir  Cloudesly),  his  Life  and  Actions,  420. 

Shrove  Tuesday  custom  at  Westminster  School,  194. 

Sidney  (Sir  Philip),  quotation  from  his  "  Seven  Won- 
ders of  England,"  244. 

Sigma  on  water  flannel,  101. 

Simcox  (Mr.),  narrative  of  a  crossing-sweeper,  20.  286. 

Simpson  (T.)  on  Burns's  MS.  poems,  24. 

Simpson  (W.  Sparrow)  on  Singhalese  folk-lore,  78. 
Suffolk  folk-lore,  259. 

"  Sing  si  dederum,"  its  meaning,  393. 

Singer  (S.  W.),  reprints  of  the  Poets,  403. 

Singhalese  folk-lore,  78. 

Sitherland   (Agnes),  last    prioress   of  Grace-Dieu    at 
Ashby-de-la-Zouch,  12. 

S.  (J.)  on  Decanatus  Clmstianitatis,  186. 

S.  (J.  G.)  on  John  Uiy,  executed  in  1741,  304. 

S.  (J.  L.)  on  cushions  on  Communion  Table,  197. 
Witty  classical  quotations,  311. 

S.  (J.  S.)  on  bishops  elect,  55. 

S — k  on  Sir  Eustace  Snsith,  82. 

Skene  (K.)  on  Anna  Cornelia  Meerman,  66. 

Sketchley  (R.  F.)  on  first  book  printed  in  Greenland, 

442. 
Cockney,  88. 


Sketchley  (R,  F.)  on  female  cornet,  395. 

Maids  of  honour,  394.      . 

Money  the  sinews  of  war,  103. 

Monteith  bowl  at  Newark,  44. 

Notes  on  regiments,  433. 

Pencil  writing,  475. 

Plon-plon  and  crinoline,  187. 

Pope  and  Hogarth,  495. 

Quotations  wanted,  516. 

Union  Jack  flag,  375. 

Witty  classical  quotations,  246.  471.  512. 
Skulls,  lines  on  a  gentleman's  and  lady's,  163.  472. 
Slander,  a  singular  law  case  of,  178. 
Slang  :  "  To  slang,"  origin  of  the  term,  471. 
Sleep,  a  difficult  problem  solved  during,  22. 
Smallfield  (J.  S.)  on  John  Bowring's  token,  471. 
Smitch,  as  applied  to  the  Maltese,  198. 
Smith  on  geographical  queries,  242. 
Smith  (Sir  Eustace)  of  Youghal,  82. 
Smith  (Henry),  "  Sermons,"  55.  285. 
Smith  (H.  P.)  on  translations  mentioned  by  Moore,  32. 
Smith  (Joseph),  the  Mormonite,  7. 
Smith  (Rev.  Peter)  of  Winfrith,  445. 
Smith  (Robert),  Rector  of  Wath,  325. 
Smith  (Rev.  Thomas),  his  longevity,  73. 
Smith  (W.  J.  B.)  on  "  Man  to  the  plough,"  392. 
Snails,  sympathetic,  72.  252. 
Sneath  (Henry),  noticed,  462. 
Snowballs,  Act  against  throwing,  224. 
Sohnke  (L.  A.),  mathematical  bibliographer,  450. 
"  Soldiers'  Public  Library,"  444. 
Somerset  (Sarah,  Duchess  of),  her  remarriage,    197. 

333.  353. 

Somerville  family,  365. 
Somner  (Wm.),  Life  by  Bishop  Kennett,  420. 

Songs  .and  Ballads :  ~ 

A  southerly  wind  and  a  cloudy  sky,  124.  151. 

An  ancient  ballad,  193. 

Dawson  (Capt,  James)  on  his  misfortunes,  327. 

Douglas,  Douglas,  tender  and  true,  71. 

Gunpowder  Treason,  12. 

Hardiknute,  118.  231. 

Inclosures  in  Lincolnshire,  64. 130. 

Irish  bar,  1730,  216. 

Naval  ballad,  80.  272. 

Sing  old  Rose  and  burn  the  bellows,  264. 

Sir  Patrick  Spence,  118.  231. 

Somehow  my  spindle  I  mislaid,  124.  151. 

Soup  house  beggars, 

The  Twa  Corbies,  143.  251. 

"  Songs  and  Poems  on  several  Occasions,"  123.  188. 

Soote,  sote,  or  sweet,  83.  234. 

Soup  house  beggars,  a  ballad,  263. 

South  (Dr.  Robert),  "  Memoirs  of  his  Life,"  420. 

South  Sea  House,  its  architect,  271.  331. 

Southey  (Dr.  Robert),  birth-place,  475. 

Sow  as  a  symbol,  102.  229. 

Spalatro  on  Edgar  family,  451. 

Fletcher  family,  412. 

Spectacles  on  Henry  Smith's  Sermons,  285. 
"  Spectator,"  physician  alluded  to  in  No.  478.,  263. 
Spence  (Mr.),  his  pedigrees,  61.  131.  147.  185. 
Spence  (Sir  Patrick),  a  ballad,  118.  231. 
Spenser  (Edmund),  "  Account  of  liis  Life,"  420. ;  ma- 
triculated at  Cambridge,  42. 


$42 


INDEX. 


"  Spiriting  away  "  ladies  to  Spanish  nunneries,  96.  271- 

Splinter- bar,  its  meaning,  177.  284.  312.  330. 

Spoon  inscription,  17. 

Sprot,  the  name  of  fish,  78. 

S.  (R.)  on  Earl  of  Galway,  365. 

2.  5.  on  Dilettanti  Society,  64. 

George  III.'s  knowledge  of  Junius,  43. 
La  Chasse  du  Sanglier,  404. 
Landslips  at  Folkstone,  26. 
Upton  (Wm.),  song  writer,  447. 
S.  (S.  D.)  on  notes  on  regiments,  111. 
S.  (S.  J.)  on  King's  scutcheon,  51. 
S.  (S.  M.)  on  Burrows  family,  162. 
Field  family,  162. 
Fletcher  family,  162. 
Latimer  (Bishop),  his  family,  182. 
Smith  (Henry),  lines  on,  285. 
Spiriting  away,  271. 
"  Upper  ten  thousand,"  183. 
S.  (S.  S.)  on  Antonio  Guevara,  46. 
Stafford  (Anthony),  author  of  "  The  Femall  Glory,"  47. 
Stafford  House=Tart  Hall,  282. 
Stags,  their  habits,  201. 
Staines,  Middlesex,  unburied  coffins  at,  42. 
Stakes  fastened  with  lead  as  a  defence,  27.  91. 
Standen  (Sir  Anthony),  ambassador,  497. 
Stanley  family,  its  origin,  141. 
Stannard  (W.  J.)  on  alliterative  poetry,  220. 

News  letters  in  manuscript,  34. 
Starlings,  flock  of,  303. 
Staverton  (J.  A.)  on  author  of  "  Scripture  Eeligion," 

364. 

Bishops  Jolly  and  Kidder,  464. 
S.  (T.  E.)  on  dispossessed  priors  and  prioresses,  12. 

"  Walk  your  chalks,"  289. 
Steel,  origin  of  the  word,  223. 
Steele  (John)  of  Gadgirth,  his  "  Sermons,"  244*.  294. 
Stephens  (Nath.)  of  Chavenage  manor-house,  93.  153. 
Stephens  (Robert  and  Henry),  their  emblems,  98. 
Sterne  (Laurence),  fate  of  his  corpse,  486. 
Stewart  (Dorothea),  Earl  Gowrie's  mother,  461. 
Stewart  (Mrs.  Dugald),  her  poems,  386.  493. 
Stewart  (John),  his  longevity,  438. 
Stockdales  the  publishers,  447. 
Stones,  lucky,  55. 
Stones  (W.)  on  tinted  paper,  330. 

Wreck  of  the  Dunbar,  71. 
Stoneham  (North)  church,  inscription,  501. 
Storm  weather-glasses,  343.  515. 
Stow  (John),  Life  by  Strype,  420. 
Streat  (Wm.),  "  The  Dividing  of  the  Hoof,"  267. 
Struther  (Rev.  Wm.),  noticed,  374. 
Stuart  (Charles  Edward),  grandson  of  James  II.,  wit- 
nessed the  coronation  of  George  III.,  46.  86.  208. 
334.;  knights  created  by  him,  364.;  medal,  152. 
412. ;  relics  sold  in  Glasgow,  248. 
Stuart  (James  Francis  Edward),  son  of  James  II.,  his 

medal,  144.  272. 

Stuart  (Dr.),  "  History  of  Armagh,"  102. 
Stuart  (Ferdinand  Smyth),  232.  334. 
Stuart  (James),  called  "  The  Athenian,"  201.  231. 
Stuart  (Wm.),  Abp.  of  Armagh,  126. 
Stuart  papers  unpublished,  23. 
Studens  on  Havard  family,  502. 
Style,  Old  and  New,  in  modern  histories,  343. 
Stylites  on  song  of  the  Douglas,  71. 


Subjicio  on  Peter  Finnerty,  306. 

Sudgedluit,  its  etymology,  365. 

Suffolk  folk  lore,  259. 

Suffolk  pronunciation,  229. 

Sun-dial  mottoes,  279. 

Supervisor,  temp.  Queen  Elizabeth,  13.  91.  187. 

Supple  (Mark),  anecdote  of,  307. 

Switield  (Robert),  his  longevity,  438. 

Swift  (Dean),  cottage  in  Moor  Park,  9. ;  Grub  Street 

notoriety,  163. ;  marriage  with  Stella,  44. 
Swift  (Thomas)  of  Goodrich,  co.  Hereford,  471. 
Swinden  (Jean  Henri  van),  noticed,  23. 
S.  ( Y.)  on  "  The  Temporal  Government  of  the  Pope,"  1 37 . 
Sydenham  (Thomas)  of  Madras  establishment,  81. 
Sykes  (James),  on  Nelson's  coxswain,  Sykes,  141. 
Sykes  (John),  Nelson's  coxswain,  141. 
Sylvester  family,  143. 
S.  (Y.  0.)  on  the  Civil  Club,  422. 


T. 


T.  on  Abp.  Leighton's  pulpit,  79. 

Ley  den  (John),  portrait,  385. 

Stewart  (Mrs.  Dugald),  poems,  386. 
Tablets  for  writing  :  wax  and  maltha,  120. 
Talbot  family:  Vaticinium  Stultorum,  425. 
Talbot  (John  G.)  on  a  celebrated  writer,  144. 

Early  communion  in  Ripon  cathedral,  222. 

"  He  who  runs  may  read,"  146. 
Tanswell  (J.)  on  notes  on  Hudibras,  138. 
Tap-dressing,  345.  430. 
Tart  Hall  =  Stafford  House,  282.  406. 
Tasborowe  (Sir  Thomas),  noticed,  402. 
Tassies  (Monsieur),  noticed,  102.  249. 
Tavern  signs  in  the  counties,  459. 
Taylor  (E.  S.)  on  playing  cards,  169. 
Taylor  (H.  W.  S.)  on  baptismal  names,  474. 

Dr.  Robert  Clayton,  412. 

Clifton  of  Leighton  Bromswold,  41 1. 

De  Pratellis  family,  468. 

Gleane  (Sir  Peter),  his  family,  410. 

Heraldic  :  arms  of  Parker,  413. 

Label  in  heraldry,  489. 

Vestigia  nulla  retrorsum,  514. 
Taylor  (Bp.  TTeremy),  his  pulpit,  178. 
Taylor  (John),  the  Water-poet,  warrant  for  his  dis- 
covery, 385.  ;  a  Club  suggested  for  the  republication 
of  his  Works,  196.  289.  327. 
Taylor  (Thomas),  the  Platonist,  28.  110. 
T.  (C.)  on  Bible  of  1641,  388. 

Cold  Harbour,  its  derivation,  139.  441. 

Crispin  Tucker,  11. 

T.  (D.)  on  book  printed  at  Holyrood  House,  263. 
Telegraph,  electric,  in  1813,  26.  73.  133.  287. 
Telegraph,  North  Atlantic  submarine,  427. 
Templar  on  anonymous  works,  13. 

Mousquetaires  Noires,  463. 

Numao  in  Portugal,  464. 

Temple  (Sir  Wm.),  "  Memoirs  and  Negotiations,"  420. 
Temple  Bar,  its  early  history,  1 12. 
Temple  in  London,  sun-dial  motto  on,  279. 
Temples  :  why  churches  so  called,  487. 
Te  Deum  interpolated,  31.265.  367.  407.  453.  470.504. 
Ten,  its  etymology,  112. 


INDEX. 


543 


Tennent  (Sir  J.  Emerson)  on  flirt,  442. 

Vermilion,  its  etymology,  477. 
Ter-Sanctus,  a  cause  of  civil  war,  164. 
Testament,  New,  par  les  The'ologiens  de  Louvain,  307. 

391.  513. 

Tewkesbury  church,  unappropriated  effigy  in,  175. 
T.  (F.)  on  whistle-tankards,  484. 
-Th,  as  a  termination,  244.  352. 
Thames  mentioned  in  an  Indian  MS.,  325. 
0.  (2.)  on  Campbell  of  Monzie,  326. 

Fisch  of  Castlelaw,  386. 

Fish  (Admiral  John),  334. 

Home  of  Ninewells,  327. 

Hogarth  family,  445. 

Rockingham  (Watson,  Marquis  of),  449. 
Theta  (Sigma)  on  Helen  Holmes  of  Nine\vells,  484. 

Moray  earldom  estates,  484. 

Scotch  genealogies,  502. 
Thg.  (M.)  on  French  Prayer-book,  199. 
Thomas  Aquinas  on  angels,  180. 
Thomas  (W.  Moy)  on  "Additions  to  Pope's  Works,"  198. 
Thompson  (Pishey)  on  bazels  of  baize,  25.  150. 

Burial  in  a  sitting  posture,  188. 

Holding  up  the  hand,  72.- 

Moore  (Sir  Jonas),  391. 

"  My  eye  and  Betty  Martin."  72.  230. 

Photography  foreshadowed,  122. 

Provincialisms,  51. 

Pye-wype,  or  lapwing,  133. 

Three  kings  of  Colon,  52. 

Thorns  (Wm.  J.)  on  Mr.  Bright  and  the  British  lion,  179. 
Thomson  (Alex.),  author  of"  Whist,"  321. 
Thomson  (Richard)  of  Clare  Hall,  his  scholarship,  155. 

237. 

Thomson  (Dr.  Wm.),  "  Caledonia,"  426. 
Thornber  (W.)  on  rebellion  of  1715,  404. 
"  Three  hundred  Letters,"  365. 
Throw  for  life  or  death,  10.  434. 
Thulden  (Theodore  van),  monogram,  367. 
Thurlow  (Bp.  Thomas),  insulted  by  a  mob,  392. 
T.  (H.  V.)  on  Muffs,  a  slang  name,  402. 
Tidman  (R.  V.)  on  label  in  heraldry,  231. 
Tillett  (E.  A.)  on  Augustine  Briggs,  504. 
Tillotson  (Abp.  John),  Life  published  by  Curll,  420. 
Timbs  (John)  on  Bolingbroke's  "  Essay  on  a  Patriot 

King,"  37. 

Timmins  (S.)  on  Hamlet  bibliography,  458: 
Tintagel,  its  wailings,  182. 
Tinted  paper  recommended,  121.  330. 
Tipcat,  a  game,  97.  205.  274. 
Tischendorf  (Prof.),  his  biblical  researches,  274.  329. 
Tithes  transferred  from  one  parish  to  another,  243. 
Tiller,  its  derivation,  305. 
Titles,  assumption  of,  366. 
T.  (N.  H.)  on  Nathaniel  Hooke,  466. 
Toad,  how  it  undresses,  100. 
Tobacco,  its  tercentenary,  384. 
Todd  (Dr.  J.  H.)  on  Donnybrook,  near  Dublin,  226. 

Jew  Jesuit,  79. 

Todd  (M.  P.)  on  punishment  of  the  tumbrel,  125. 
Togatus  on  Blackwell  and  Etheridge,  198. 
Tombstones,  their  various  forms,  358. 
Tong-tcho,  prime-minister  of  China,  35. 
Tooth-ache  called  "  love  pain,"  381. 
Toplady  (A.  M.),  hymn  "  Rock  of  ages,"  Latin  version, 
387.  434. 


Topographical  Excursion  of  three  Norwich  gentlemen,  67. 

Tormeteris,  its  meaning,  81.  233. 

Torture,  on  the  use  of,  195. 

Tourmaline  crystal,  241.  314. 

Towers  of  churches,  their  origin,  342. 

Towers,  six,  on  the  English  coast,  344. 

T.  (P.  J.)  on  bishop  preaching  to  April  fools,  12. 

T.  (R.)  on  Bulloker's  "  Bref  Grammar,"  223. 

Glastonbury  thorn,  504. 

Mackenzie  (Dr.  Shelton),  71. 
Tracton  (Lord),  his  family,  26.  249. 
Treasury  records,  gleanings  from,  257.  297.  338.  377. 

399.  457. 

Trees  cut  in  the  wane  of  the  moon,  223. 
Trefoil,  the  sweet,  or  common  melilor,  80.  151. 
Tregelles  (S.  P.)  on  "  Dominus  regnavit  a  ligno,"  127. 
Trelawney  (Sir  Harry),  noticed,  403.  472. 
Trench  (Francis)  on  Don  Quixote  in  Spanish,  186. 

Promus  and  Condus,  224. 
"  Trepasser,"  to  die,  origin  of  the  word,  13.  91. 
Tretane  on  London  riots  in  1 780,  250. 
Trevelyan  (Sir  W.  C.)  on  epitaph  on  Alexis,  445. 

Shakspeare  and  Henry  Willobie,  59. 
Triads,  Historical,  translated,  125. 
Trinity  corporation,  particulars  of,  163. 
"  Triumph  of  Friendship,"  a  masque,  386. 
Trosse  (Geo.),  his  Life  by  himself,  421. 
Trowel,  the  silver,  and  golden  spade,  460. 
T.  (T.  R.)  on  Rev.  Thomas  Collins,  384. 
Tucker  (Crispin),  bookseller,  11.  187. 
Tull  (Sir  Jethro),  noticed,  103. 
Tumbrel,  its  discontinuance,  125. 
Turpin  (Dick),  his  ride  to  York,  386.  433. 
T.  (W.  H.  W.)  on  Mr.  Lyde  Browne,  375. 

Coverdale's  Bible,  a  third  copy,  461. 

Raleigh  (Sir  Walter),  house  at  Mitcham,  331. 
Tyburn  gallows,  its  site,  400.  471.  514. 
Tyburn  Gate,  its  removal,  462. 
Tyler  (Wm.)  of  Geyton,  his  epitaph,  359.  414. 
Tyrwhitt  (Thomas),  "  Opuscula,"  198. 
Tytler  (Alex.  Fraser),  Lord  Woodhouselee,   letter  to 
Geo.  Chalmers,  321. 


U. 


Uhland  (L.),  dramatic  poems,  327. 
Ulrick  (Bishop),  letter  to  Pope  Nicholas,  485. 
Uncumber  (St.),  noticed,  164.  274. 
Uneda  on  Bunyan  pedigree,  470. 

Calcutta  newspapers,  324. 

Festival  of  the  Ass,  472. 

Fox  (George),  original  letter,  460. 

Holding  up  the  hand,  313. 

Lady's  and  Gentleman's  skulls,  472. 

Nine  men's  morris,  472. 

Pamela,  its  pronunciation,  305. 

Shaftesbury  or  Rochester,  325. 

"  To  be  found  in  the  Vocative,"  445. 

Whipping  the  cat,  325. 
Upton  (Nicholas),   heraldist,  his  family,  227.  ;    "  Da 

Studio  Militari,"341. 
Upton  (Win.),  song  writer,  447. 
Ur  Chasdim  and  fire-worship.  361.  453. 
Urchin,  its  derivation,  423.  492. 
Urquhart  (Rev.  D.  H.),  his  works,  262. 


544 


INDEX. 


Ursinus  (Zacharias),  "  The  Summe  of  Christian  Reli- 

gion,"  366. 
Urus,  or  large  ox,  2. 
Ury  (John),  executed  in  1741,  304. 
Usko  (Rev.  John  F.),  noticed,  245. 
Ussher  (Ambrose),  "  English  version  of  the  Bible,"  102. 


V. 


Van  Tromp's  watch,  330. 

Vant,  a  local  affix,  its  derivation.  426.  495. 

Vargas,  his  oath,  92. 

Vaticinium  Stultorum,  425. 

Vaucluse  on  Petrarch's  new-discovered  poems,  1 3. 

Vanghan  (Sir  Hugh)  of  Jersey,  46. 

V.  (E.)  on  lee-shore,  182. 

Vebna  on  carnival  at  Milan  and  Varese,  197. 

Judge's  black  cap,  253. 

Priest's  burial,  204. 
Vedette  on  coal,  its  etymology,  494. 

Facetia,  473. 

Prussian  iron  medal,  130. 

Public  disputation,  447. 

Te  Deum  interpolated,  453.  493. 
Ventilate,  origin  of  the  word,  443.  489. 
Vermilion,  its  derivation,  477. 
Vernon  (Wm.  de),  inquired  after,  388. 
Versiera,  or  Witch  of  Agnesi,  80. 
"  Vestigia  nulla  retrorsum,"  motto,  23.  111.  170.  514. 
V.  (H.)  on  Lady  Eliz.  Fane's  Psalms,  103. 
Video  on  the  Judge's  black  cap,  253. 
Village  school,  motto  for,  143.  233. 
Vincent  (Nathaniel),  "  A  Covert  from  the  Storm,"  267. 
Vise,  vised,  vise'ed,  visaed,  78. 
Vix  on  Nichols's  Leicestershire,  142. 
Voltaire  (M.  F.  A.),  saying  imputed  to  him,  306. 
Volunteers,  the  Light  Horse,  in  1780,  250.  272. 
Voost  (Arnold)  on  William  Parker,  446. 


W. 


W,  the  letter,  in  the  Indo-Germanic  dialects,  244. 354. 
W.  on  etymology  of  Ashmodeus,  428. 
Burning  alive,  445. 
Father's  justice,  492. 

W.  Bombay,  on  the  form  of  Noah's  arlr,  64. 
Waad  (Sir  Wm.  G.),  keeper  of  the  Tower,  his  letters, 

173,  174. 

W.  (A.  G.)  on  painting  of  Sir  S.  Moreland,  103. 
Wagstaff  (F.)  on  "  Man  to  the  plough,"  344. 
W.  (A.  H.)  on  interpretations  in  the  Te  Deum,  367. 
Wake  (Abp.)  his  mitre,  68. 
Waldegrave  (Lady  Henrietta),  her  marriages,  182. 
Walker  (Dr.  Anthony),  noticed,  421. 
Walker  (Mrs.  Elizabeth),  Life  by  her  husband,  421. 
Walker  (Rev.  John),  Vicar  of  Bawdesey,  463. 
Waller  (Edmund),  his  Life  and  Writings,  421. 
Wallis  (Dr.  John),  notes  for  his  biography,  95. 
Walls  (Maggy),  burnt  as  a  witch,  1 1. 
Walton  (Capt.  George),  his  laconic  despatch,  273. 
Warbeck  (Peter),  his  groats,  396. 
Ward  family  at  Burton-on-Trent,  30. 
Ward  (Nathaniel),  Rector  of  Staindrop,  73. 
Ward  (R.)  on  Cornwal  family,  281. 


Ward  (Bp.  Seth),  Life  by  Dr.  Pope,  421. 

Wardlaw  (Lady),  and  the  ballad  of  Hardiknute,  118. 

231. 

Watch  cleaned  on  the  top  of  Salisbury  spire,  1 1. 
Waterloo  and  Magenta,  French  and  English  heroism  at, 

Watson  (D.)  on  Cling's  "  Loci  Communes,"  449. 
Watson  (Rev.  George),  noticed,  14.  281.  355. 
Watson  (Wm.)  on  Glasgow  hood,  102. 
W.  (C.)  on  •"  Antiquitates  Britannic^  et   Hibernicge," 
64. 

Edgar  family,  373.  452. 
W.  (E.)  on  Shagreen,  a  species  of  silk,  265. 
Weatherglasses,  chemical,  343.  515. 
Weather  indicator,  a  novel  one,  500. ' 
Weaver  (Thomas),  "  Songs  and  Poems,"  102.295. 
Wedding  custom  at  a  London  church,  27. 
^Wedgwood  (H.)  on  splinter-bar,  312. 
Week,  lines  on  the  days  of  the,  323. 
Wellington  (Arthur  Duke  of),  his  meeting  with  Lord 
Nelson,    141.;  Limerick   address   to,   362.;   official 
and  private  correspondence  destroyed,  88.  109. 
Welsh  Chronicles  in1  MS.,  125. 
Welsh  metrical  Psalms,  26. 
Wenefrede  (St.),  "  Life  and  Miracles,"  421. 
Wenlok  (Lord),  his  supposed  tomb,  175. 
W.  (E.  S.)  on  Gloucester  custom,  185. 
Westminster  Hall,  its  admeasurements,  463.  513. 
Westminster  School  custom  on  Shrove  Tuesday,  194. 
Westerholt  (Baron  von),  his  arms,  386. 
W.  (F.)  on  deacons'  orders  and  clerical  M.P.'s,  180. 
W.  (H.)  on  the  Bocase  tree,  274. 

Brownists,  148. 

Whately  (Abp.)  and  the  Directory,  122. 
Whipping  for  the  ladies,  304. 
Whipping  the  cat,  its  meaning,  325. 
Whistle  tankards,  484. 
White  elephant,  a  foreign  order,  1 04. 
Whitelock  (James),  on  Impositions,  451. 
W.  (I.)  on  Anthony  de  Solemne,  308. 
Wicquefort  (Abraham  de),  his  MSS.,  324. 
Widbin,  or  dogwood,  51. 
"  Widow  of  the  Wood,"  by  Benj.' Victor,  345. 
Wig,  a  full-bottomed,  441.  483. 
Wigtoft  on  baisels  of  baize,  207. 
Wilkins  (David),  his  degree  of  D.D.,  420.  452.  475. 
Wilkinson  (H.  E.)  on  Herbert  Knowles'  Poems,  94. 
William  III.  and  his  sorrel  pony,  486. 
Williams  (Abp.  John),  his  Life,  421. 
Williams  (John)  on  archers  and  riflemen,  120, 

Botanical  terms,  151. 

Burial  of  priests,  204. 

Carnival  at  Milan,  405. 

Cockney,  origin  of  the  word,  234. 

"Dominus  regnavit  a  ligno,"  273. 

Eudo  de  Rye,  314. 

Flambard  brass'at  Harrow,  286.  409. 

Henry  VI.,  notices  of  his  burial,  62. 

Hickes  (Dr.  Geo.),  destruction  of  his  MSS.,  105. 

Inscription  on  brass  at  West  Herling,  107. 

Mediseval  rhymes,  439. 

Memory,  technical,  applied  to  the  Bible,  177.  480. 

Othobon's  Constitutions,  72. 

Sing  "  Si  dedero,"  393. 

St.  Govor's  well  in  Kensington  Gardens,  388. 

St.  Madryn,  512. 


INDEX. 


545 


Williams  (John)  on  Scottish  College  at  Paris,  128. 

St.  Thomas  Cantilupe  of  Hereford,  77. 

Southey's  birth-place,  475. 

Supervisor,  91. 

Sympathetic  snails,  252. 

Te  Deum  interpolations,  504. 

Trespasser,  its  meaning,  91. 

Ventilate,  491. 

Vise',  vise'd,  vise'ed,  visaed,  78. 
Williamson  (J.)  on  excommunications,  364. 
Willis  (R.),  author  of  "  Mount  Tabor,"  281. 
Willobie  (Henry),  his  "  Avisa,"  59. 
Wills,  extracts  from  ancient,  107. 
Willscot,  library  discovered  there,  461.  511. 
Wilton  (E.)  on  Sir  John  Danvers'  wife,  88. 
Wiltshire  (Mary),  descendant  of  the  Stuarts,  502. 
Window  tax,  lines  on  the,  305. 
Winnington  (Sir  T.  E.)  on  the  Judas  tree,  414. 
Winter  (Dr.  Samuel),  his  Life  and  Death,  421. 
Witch,  memorials  of  a,  11. 
Witchcraft,  works  on,  180.  266  309. 
"  Withered  Violets,"  its  author,  427. 
Witty  quotations  from  Greek  and  Latin  writers,  116. 

246.  311.  332.413.  471.  512. 
W.  (J.)  on  Archiepiscopal  mitre  and  hat,  188. 

Arithmetical  notation,  148. 

Border  families'  arms,  354. 

Dimidiated  coronets,  179. 

Field  family,  376. 

Garrard's  Hall  Crypt,  367. 

Heraldic  engravings,  333. 

Sepulchral  slabs  and  crosses,  92. 

Single  supporters  of  arms,  463. 

Wright  of  Plowland,  491. 

W.  (J.  F.)  on  excommunication  of  Queen  Elizabeth, 
151. 

Lloyd  (or  Floyd),  the  Jesuit,  151. 
W.  (J.  H.)  on  Les  Chauffeurs,  512. 

Lines  on  a  lady's  and  gentleman's  skulls,  1 63. 

Noah's  ark,  its  form,  64. 

Tintagel,  its  wailings,  182. 

Tyburn  gallows,  its  locality,  514. 

Westminster  Hall,  its  dimensions,  513. 
W.  (J.  R.)  on  clerical  M.P.'s,  352. 

Rankin  (Rev.  F.  J.  H.),  353. 
Wmson  (S.)  on  Historia  Plantarum,  224. 

Pye-Wype,  a  bird,  352. 

Saltfoot  controversy,  365. 

Singer's  reprints  of  the  Poets,  403. 

Taylor  club,  196. 

Wodderspoon  (John)  on  suffragan  bishop  of  Ipswich,  32. 
Wolsey  (Cardinal  Thomas),  his  Life,  421. 
Woodman  (Ralph)  on  clergy  peers  and  commoners,  232. 

Havard  family,  124^ 

Tithes  paid  to  another  parish,  243. 
Woodroffe  (Dr.  Benj.)  and  the  Greek  youths,  457. 
Woodward  (B.  B.)  on  Beauseant,  334. 

Fye  Bridge,  Norwich,  232. 

Heraldic  query,  262. 

Man  laden  with  mischief,  231. 

Map  of  Roman  Britain,  342. 

Norfolk  name  for  toothache,  381. 

Peers  serving  as  mayors,  355. 

Robinson  Crusoe  abridged,  276. 

Sea  breaches  on  the  Norfolk  coast,  353. 

Witty  classical  quotations,  247. 


Woolston  (Thomas),  "  Life  and  Writings,"  421. 

Wordsworth  Travestie,  365. 

Wotton  (Sir  Henry),  noticed,  155.  237. 

W.  (R.)  on  the  butler  of  Burford  priory,  82. 

Bunyan  (John),  portraits,  245. 

Tipcat,  a  game,  274. 

Wren  (Sir  Christopher),  his  portrait,  442. 
Wright  (Dr.)  of  Norwich,  and  the  bottle-stopper,  386. 

475. 

Wright  (Mrs.  Sarah),  «  Some  Account  of  her,"  421. 
Wright  of  Plowland,  174,  313.  355.  376.  414.  491. 
Writers  bribed  to  silence,  24. 
Writing,  ancient -tablets  for,  120. 
W.  (T.  H.)  on  burial  in  a  sitting  posture,  94. 
W.  (W.)  on  etchings  of  Brighton  pavilion,  163. 

Davies  of  Llandovery,  342. 

Heights  of  British  mountains,  179. 
W.  (W.  E.)  on  Brighton  pavilion  etchings,  354. 
W.  (W.  F.)  on  Hon.  Capt.  Edward  Carr,  503. 
W.  (W.  H.)  on  Dick  Turpin,  433. 
W.  (W.  0.)  on  Gowry  conspiracy,  19. 

Gunpowder  plot  papers,  99.  173.  277.         j 

Torture,  on  the  use  of,  195. 
Wylgeforte  (St.),  noticed,  164. 
Wylie  (Charles),  on  lines  on  dogs  fighting,  200. 

"High  Life  below  Stairs,"  142. 
Wynniard  (Mr.),  Keeper  of  wardrobe  of  James  I.,  99. 
Wythers  (John),  Dean  of  Battle,  Sussex,  his  will,  388. 


X.  on  David  Anderson,  Scotch  poet,  402. 

Bryant,  J.  F.,  minor  poet,  367. 

"  Death  of  Herod,"  386. 

Mason  (Wm.)  of  Guisborough,  363. 

Maxwell  (John),  blind  poet,  345. 

More  (Hannah),  Dramas,  387.  • 

Reeve's  Original  Poems,  327. 

Thomson's  Caledonia,  426. 

Triumph  of  Friendship,  386. 

Uhland's  Dramatic  Poems,  327. 
X.    West  Derby,   on  Agnodice,  female  medical  prac- 
titioner, 250. 

Books  antipapistical  before  the  Reformation,  26. 

Fly-leaf  inscriptions,  218. 

Heraldic  query,  385. 
X.  (X.)  on  portrait  of  Charles  Lord  Baltimore,  485. 

Ventilate,  490. 

X.  (X.  A.)  on  Rob.  Keith,  translator  of  Thomas  ^ 
Kempis,  64. 

Rosewell  (Sir  Henry),  47. 


Y.  on  filles  d'honneur,  435. 
Yarrow,  an  African,  his  burial,  188. 
Year,  burning  out  the  old,  322. 
Yellow-hammer,  its  orthography,  426. 
Yelverton  (Sir  Henry)  on  the  Impositions,  382. 
Yeowell  (J.)  on  Mrs.  Alison  Cockburn,  298. 

Dilettanti  Society,  201.  231. 

Macdonald  (Andrew),  dramatist,  321. 

Notes  on  books  and  men  by  Edward  Harler,  Earl 
of  Oxford,  417. 


546 


INDEX. 


Yerne,  a  Koste,  its  meaning,  1 78. 
Y.(J.)  on  Mr.  Lyde  Brown,  375. 

Bug:  Daisy:  Feat,  261. 

Colms  (John),  Pretender's  poet-laureat,  263. 

"  Could  we  with  ink  the  ocean  fill,"  78. 

First  coach  in  Scotland,  121. 

Junius,  Boyd,  and  Lord  Macartney,  261. 

Lines  on  a  pigeon,  483. 

Parr  (Dr.  Samuel),  his  eccentricity,  159. 

Sacheverell  and  Hoadly,  423. 

Tassies  (Monsieur),  102. 
Yoftregere,  or  Astringer,  11.  131. 
Y.  (X.)  on  Sir  Peter  Gleane,  51. 

Le  Grys  (Sir  Robert),  52. 


Z.  on  Prussian  iron  medal,  91.  207. 


Z.  Glasgow,  on  George  Adams,  M.A.,  162. 

Christmas  Ordinary,  146. 

Greek  manuscript  play,  165. 

Halloran's  Female  Volunteer,  165. 

Middleton  (Geo.).  MS.  translation,  162. 

Rogers  (Major  R.),  162. 

Rondel  (Jacob  du)  of  Sedan,  146. 
Z.  (A.)  on  "  Alberic,  Consul  of  Rome,"  462. 

Armstrong  (Rev.  J.  Leslie),  463. 

"  Investigator,"  its  editor,  483. 

Michault's  "  Dance  des  Aveugles,"  449. 

Oddy's  translation  of  '•  The  Lysistrates,"  465. 

Walker  (Rev.  John),  his  work's,  463. 
Zeta  on  Benet  Borughe,  67. 

Gilpin  (Rev.  W.)  on  the  stage,  66. 

Miscellanies  in  manuscript,  67. 

Plumptre  (Rev.  J.),  Dramas,  66. 
Zuiderzee,  legend  of  the,  140.  295. 
Zo.  on  Bazels  of  Baize,  90. 


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